Wikibooks:Requests for deletion

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      <comment>/* Anglican Liturgies */ Reply</comment>
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[[Category:Wikibooks deletion|{{PAGENAME}}]]
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= Undeletion =
{{shortcut|WB:RFU}}
{{Requests for deletion/New undeletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Undeletion intro}}

==[[City Of Heroes]]==
{{closed|Was undeleted —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:39, 17 August 2024 (UTC)}}
A book that was deleted when strategy guides were not allowed. See discussion  -&lt;span style=&quot;background:yellow;&gt;User:Slava Ukraini Heroyam Slava 123 &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue span&gt; 17:13, 12 November 2022 (UTC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:This book was deleted about 16 years ago and only one page had a significant amount of content. It could all be undeleted but would probably be better re-made from scratch.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 01:34, 11 August 2023 (UTC)
::'''Undeleted it''' with many first-level subpages. Yet [[City Of Heroes/Archetypes]], [[City Of Heroes/Powers]], [[City Of Heroes/General Help]], [[City Of Heroes/Enhancements]], [[City Of Heroes/Binds]] and [[City Of Heroes/Badges]] have even more subpages to be undeleted.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 22:50, 19 August 2023 (UTC)
:::'''Undeleted''' many subpages of the above subpages, less obviously useless versions. Yet any administrators are hereby advised to check [[Special:Undelete]] for more to be undeleted.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 21:52, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
:Remaking this content from scratch might be difficult - the game shut down in 2012. There's a small community of users running private servers based on leaked source code (!), but far fewer than when the game was active. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:55, 26 August 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Mass undeletion of books that were deleted when strategy guides were not allowed.]]==
{{closed|Not done —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:40, 17 August 2024 (UTC)}}
Couldn't we just mass undelete these books? [[User:Garfieldcat1978|Garfieldcat1978]] ([[User talk:Garfieldcat1978|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Garfieldcat1978|contribs]]) 18:25, 20 February 2023 (UTC) Letting bot archive as needed.
:Listing which works would be much better.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 22:51, 19 August 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

= Deletion =
{{shortcut|WB:RFD}}
{{Requests for deletion/New deletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Deletion intro}}
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&lt;!-- New nominations go at the bottom of page --&gt;

== [[Dynamical Systems]] ==
This seems to be abandoned book, the only content is largly vacuous. I don't believe it is likely to be extended or worked on because it is both a technical topic, and represents to original author's goals for such a book (graduate level vs undergraduate). [[User:Thenub314|Thenub]][[Special:Contributions/Thenub314|314]] ([[User talk:Thenub314|talk]]) 20:46, 23 February 2023 (UTC)

:It does seem abandoned; the single existing page hasn't been updated since 2018 and the main book page hasn't been updated since 2019. Unless someone quickly decides to pick up on it, I can't really see it staying here at Wikibooks :/ —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:35, 24 February 2023 (UTC)

::Hello there,
::currently I'm working over at the German page, because I have begun to work with a new, more intuitive terminology. My current plan is to first finish the German version and then possibly to translate it. To finish the German version will take at least until the end of this year. Until then, you shouldn't expect any progress. Afterwards, I may feel inclined to pick up the project, depending on my human rights situation. --[[User:Mathmensch|Mathmensch]] ([[User talk:Mathmensch|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mathmensch|contribs]]) 09:26, 8 April 2023 (UTC)

* '''Delete'''.  While this is a stub and we should not deleted them the content present is extremely limited and by the reply above it is duplicated in another language project with the intention of migration here later. Since it also occupies a topic space name it also becomes a blocker to other similar works.  --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:26, 7 November 2024 (UTC)

== Files from [[Illustrated Guide to the world of Spira (FFX and FFX-2)]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted for lack of a valid NFCC. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:34, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}
Used for decorative, not educational, purposes: [[:File:Float 13.jpg]], [[:File:Grabbed Frame 15.jpg]], [[:File:Gandof.jpg]], [[:File:Ohalland.jpg]], [[:File:Braskascan1.jpg]], [[:File:Tidus FFX.png]] ([[WB:NFCC]]#8). — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 13:54, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
:Sure, I think I can agree on the removal of these [[User:2005-Fan|2005-Fan]] ([[User talk:2005-Fan|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/2005-Fan|contribs]]) 12:24, 22 July 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Various pages in [[Basics of fine-art photography]] ==
{{closed|1=consensus to delete [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:38, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}
The following pages in [[Basics of fine-art photography]] seem out of scope because they consist entirely of personal promotion/advertisement for the author's photography:
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Egypt and Egyptians II]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Lights of Moscow]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Ethiopia through the eyes of traveler]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/On the roads of India]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/14 days in Mongolia]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Egypt and Egyptians III]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Hitchhiking across Sudan]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/January in Japan]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Uganda: tribes and civilization]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Tribes of Kenya]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Afghanistan, 2008]]
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 04:13, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

:Frankly, the entire book appears to be a vehicle for the author to promote his own photography. The few sentences of instructional content on pages like [[Basics of fine-art photography/Creating works in macro photography]] are practically useless; that one amounts to &quot;to take macro photos, set your camera to macro mode and hold it close to the subject, or read another book for more information&quot;. Other pages like [[Basics of fine-art photography/Interior photography in hobo tours]] or [[Basics of fine-art photography/Taking pictures of homeless people]] provide essentially no information on photography technique at all, and seem to mostly be intended as jumping-off points to showcase more of the author's photos. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:40, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Selected Essays]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted}}
Seems completely out of WB scope; it's just a collection of unrelated personal essays. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:52, 1 April 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} Agreed, personal essays and not ones that can easily be used, at that. [[User:Icandostuff|&lt;span style=&quot;color:Red&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:Yellow&quot;&gt;can&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:Lime&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:#00ffff&quot;&gt;stuff&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;!&lt;/span&gt; ]] ([[User talk:Icandostuff|talk]]) 12:52, 11 June 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Remembering the Templars]] ==

Seems to be pretty much an encyclopedic article about the Knights Templar, which makes it out of scope; enormous amount of links to enWP and may even just be an import. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:59, 1 April 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 23:53, 5 April 2024 (UTC)
*'''Keep'''. This is one of [[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4's]] books, not a WP import. They remain an active, if sporadic, contributor and may well return to this in the future. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:41, 24 October 2024 (UTC)
*:I just realized they were never notified about the nom, so I'll go ahead and do so on their talk page for posterity. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:10, 24 October 2024 (UTC)
*'''Keep''' I urge you to consider that your view of what a encyclopedic article is may be too ample. Please avert proposing deletions simply on those grounds, especially when real content is present, if a direct import can be matched give it more time if someone has gone to the work of requesting and performing an import from Wikipedia they (or others) may us it to extend the content into a book... I understand that you may be busy but you need to dedicate more time when content is present. A simple examination of the proposed work would make the structural effort obvious even if not the creative content added.
:I think deletion of imports from Wikipedia was already discussed somewhere else, probably on the deletion policy talks and some consensus was formed around it that no real lost or gain comes from performing them directly (considering the necessary steps some time should be granted if not blocking a specific namespace) and that simple non imported (without the edit history) duplication of Wikipedia content should not have the same consideration falling a bit above nonsense contributions (depending on the editor's history).
:There is ample discussion regarding project stubs, that they should be preserved simply if having structural value...
:I often dedicated time to salvage abandoned imports (I have or had import rights and did some of the import request). I can not remember how I started this project but along with an historic and curiosity on the subject, I did do some imports to it, I'm aware that some I left unfinished (and that the foot notes are indeed a eye sore at the end of the book structure) due to lack of time to continue on a single project and due to the issues around the C++ Programming book that made my reconsider my priorities...
:If some other content was deleted simply due to be an &quot;encyclopedic article&quot; I would ask for anyone with time to examine those deletions.   --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:14, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4]]! I definitely appreciate your perspective. My main concern regarding things like this is the needs of the community and the project right now. I understand the logic behind keeping books and pages that have potential, but our project seems to have hemorrhaged editors over the last several years, and activity is fairly low. I worry that keeping too many pages just because they have some potential makes the project overly cluttered and makes it harder to access the content that is higher quality—I feel like we have an unfortunate reputation in this respect. There are stubs that have previously been kept because they had the potential for improvement but that have not been substantially improved in over twenty years. I just don't want to see the project get bogged down today under the weight of imagined future improvement. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:48, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Additionally, regarding issues like encyclopedic content pages, I do think it's important to consider what makes us different from our sister projects like Wikipedia. I suppose for [[Remembering the Templars]] specifically, I just don't see what makes it significantly different from [[w:Knights Templar]], [[w:History of the Knights Templar]], etc. When you combine this with the issues that I've described above and the fact that this page has had issues of structure and dewikification for over a decade, that is what led me to nominate it for deletion. I hope this explains my thought process a bit better! Cheers again —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:00, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
::::Try to bring Wikipedias here to extend stubs into textbooks if you see pure encyclopedic content pages (they can also request an import there if there is valid content). I did that when I imported pages, or covered similar content (did the same in other languages Wikibooks). The issue with the loss of contributors is not linked with this type of content (in fact I find it a inspiration to contribute) its is often easier to extend than to initiate and commit to a project from 0 (just like contributing to Open Source projects).
::::The reason we lose contributors in my view is due to heckle (especially from non contributors) and technological / bureaucratic complexity. Its a hard commitment to engage in a project a lot harder than with a simpler encyclopedic article. More solitary (unless it is a class project) and required more focus (people often do not want to get involved with the general community or dragged into political discussions around outside their own project) and hard to coordinate (a book has a larger vision and is structural dependent, has to have a flow and logic). This is why even a stub with a simple structural approach to a subject has some value here. If not for anything more than demonstrate that someone else was interested in the subject. If you notice the deletions discussions you can see these forces represented...
::::I had relied in another user running a script bot to do the dewikifications (from wikipedia) that was a reason for me to halt the work there at that time, I like to preserve wikilinks as much as possible to similar content exist here (bookshelves or local content get linked first). At the same time, and to give an pertinent example or how people get tired, I got reverted by a sysop by doing the same on my own contributions on another work (on wikijunior, on the ground of esthetics, inter project consistency or whatever, this is an example of the problem). Now in an age overwhelming content. where people expect immediacy more than quality, that publishing or duplicating the edit capabilities of Wikimedia locally is easier any barrier will push people away...
::::Regarding your inability to distinguish the content apart, it seems you have more a problem with Wikipedia than my &quot;article&quot; then. A Wikipedic article should be a reduction to the topic it covers and split in distinct interlinked articles when its grows too much, this is a problem with many wikipedia articles (and I understand why, the need to source and maintain cohesion is better done in a monolithic view of the subject). In any case a History Wikibook can not go much further than an aggregation of facts (and I did include my own speculation, that is a historic minority view point) in relation to the Cathars in linking all to the pope's geopolitical view of the world (and grab for power) and providing a contextual view of the subject matter (you do not see that on the wikipedian articles) not a link to the free masons :) that is mere hypothetical if tentatively logic or made logic by co-adoption.
:::: Remember also that we consider an aggregation of Wikepedian articles and Encyclopedia and if the scope and intention is to educate it falls under a textbook definition, we have books like that here, some have survived deletion many time...  --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 05:07, 8 November 2024 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4]] I think you and I share the same general values about the project, but we simply disagree on our conclusions. I'll let other people weigh in here. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:35, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Half-Life Computation]] ==

Doesn't seem in-scope as a book—just seems like a single page on how to do a specific calculation. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:06, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

* Keep -You have to consider also that projects can be merged (I have not checked if there is a possible match) in any case consider it a stub with valid content. It is a stub (November 2018) there is the problem of a namespace collision since it identifies as a specific topic (but as you identified is a very limited scope). Had I the time I would create a structure around it and contribute to it in the subject of Entropy or how our non-existing reality, is also &quot;evaporating&quot; into nothing...
: Stubs are promoters to growth, like particles to rain...   --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:40, 7 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[God and Religious Toleration]] ==
{{closed|1=clear consensus to delete [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:45, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}

This book was [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/God and Religious Toleration|previously nominated for deletion in 2011]], but kept largely because of its theoretical potential for improvement. It's now over a decade later, and no real improvement has been made. The book has the following issues:
* A lack of clearly defined educational/instructional scope, structure, or aims overall
* A lack of structure in each existing chapter
* Significant NPOV and lack-of-evidence/citations
I've gone through the book to try to improve it somewhat, but it largely feels like a disorganized dumping ground for a variety of abstract thoughts, many of which are heavily biased. At this point, given the amount of time it has had for improvement and the lack thereof, I don't think it has a place at Wikibooks. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:06, 20 April 2024 (UTC)

:This book is very important in this day and age. Tolerance between religions is important for world peace. Without tolerance, chaos breaks out in the world. We should promote tolerance between religions. If the good guys keep quiet, the bad guys win. Is that what you want? A better way is to simply add a chapter of yours to the book and contribute your suggestions to world peace and the strengthening of love in the world. @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] [[User:Nobody60|Nobody60]] ([[User talk:Nobody60|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Nobody60|contribs]]) 08:46, 21 April 2024 (UTC)

:Support deleting as per issues pointed out in nom. @[[User:Nobody60|Nobody60]], there are kilometers between deleting a bad, biased book and supporting religious intolerance or whatever it is you're accusing the nom of doing. Wikibooks is a project with a definite, reachable and concrete goal, which this book doesn't meet, never met and probably would never meet. --[[User:YuriNikolai|YuriNikolai]] ([[User talk:YuriNikolai|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/YuriNikolai|contribs]]) 02:10, 27 April 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 07:44, 27 April 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. Not only is this material not presented from a neutral point of view, it's not even a mainstream religious POV. Much like [[Developing A Universal Religion]] (also up for deletion), the goal of this text appears to be to create and promote a new syncretic religious movement, complete with its own new beliefs and practices; this is very much outside the scope of Wikibooks. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:24, 3 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} as per [[WB:NOR]]: I am all for religious tolerance but all against religious acquiescence. [[User:Jeaucques Quœure|Jeaucques Quœure]] ([[User talk:Jeaucques Quœure|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jeaucques Quœure|contribs]]) 07:30, 26 September 2024 (UTC)

{{end closed}}

== [[Kashubian Dictionary]] ==

[[WB:DICT|Out of scope]] here; material should be hosted at Wiktionary (I've [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Information desk/2024/May|suggested it there]]). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:39, 28 May 2024 (UTC)

:Any content in this dictionary should be already be at [[wiktionary:Wiktionary:Requested entries (Kashubian)/Kashubian Dictionary]], where we will be able to slowly make entries for these. [[User:Vininn126|Vininn126]] ([[User talk:Vininn126|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vininn126|contribs]]) 21:51, 7 June 2024 (UTC)

== [[Biblioþeke]] ==

Out of scope; seems to be an incomplete translation of the bible into a conlang. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:16, 29 May 2024 (UTC)

== [[Wikis for Retail Store Managers]] ==

Abandoned, unclear scope, little content, unclear path for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:30, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:10, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Human Geography]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:08, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned for two decades without any development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:50, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The page has a list of chapters/sections, but these are not linked. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:56, 17 October 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} as I just tagged rfd.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 02:29, 2 November 2024 (UTC)
*:{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:08, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Neuro Linguistic Programming]] ==

Abandoned, very little meaningful content, unclear path for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:56, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:55, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Scrapebook Linguistics]] ==

Abandoned, little to no meaningful content, unclear scope or potential for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 03:05, 8 June 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - an earlier version of this page was imported to Wikiversity as [[:v:Special:Permalink/15674|Portal:Linguistics]] (and subsequently edited into oblivion). The followup edits here aren't needed at WV. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:22, 25 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[How to Be a Good Camp Counselor]] ==

Book is un/under-developed and abandoned, and the scope/potential for development is somewhat unclear to me. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 03:07, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

== [[Australian Property Law]] ==

Has only one page (introduction) with little content. It has been abandoned now for almost 20 years with no development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:35, 10 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. Subpages are redlinks except for [[Australian Property Law/Introduction]], which does not save the material. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:09, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Chinese Checkers]] ==

Extremely minimal content and abandoned for almost 20 years. Was previously nominated for deletion in 2006 but kept on the grounds that it could be expanded—clearly this has not happened. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:56, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Niw Englisch]] ==

Fiction / original research - a conlang being (very slowly) created by the author of the book.

The following books are closely related to that project and should be deleted as well:
* [[NiwEnglisc]]
* [[Þat englisce Alphabet]]
* [[Lernung þer Stafræwe]]
* [[Þe ettbære Garden]]
as well as [[Biblioþeke]], which has already been nominated for deletion.
:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  all per the above. I can find no evidence of the conlang outside Wikibooks and this sole author. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:03, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Mac OS X Leopard]] ==

Yet another abandoned, underdeveloped book on an obsolete operating system. (Mac OS X Leopard was released in 2007, and has been unsupported since 2011.) If there were more content in this book, it could possibly be refactored into a version-independent book about macOS, but there's effectively nothing here. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:42, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. If it were more fleshed out, it could be kept as archival. However, there's so little there. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:47, 24 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Algebra and Number Theory]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; consists of one page with very little content; no introduction or scope —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:35, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. Has a list of redlinks for subpages; there is one subpage: [[Algebra and Number Theory/Elementary Number Theory]]. This is not useful and has been abandoned for too long. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:05, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Basic Ancient Greek]] ==

Abandoned for many years; very little actual content; only real contributor was an IP whose last edit was in 2015. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:37, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:06, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Blender Game Engine for Morons]] ==

Abandoned for at least a decade; consists of main page only; almost no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:41, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:07, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[BOINC]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; consists of main page only; almost no meaningful content; unclear scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:43, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:07, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[HP Open View NNM Exam Guide]] ==

One page only; abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content; scope unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:40, 21 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. [[w:HP OpenView|HP OpenView]] no longer exists as a product (and its successor HP Network Management Center has been discontinued as well!); neither does HP's certification exam for it. There's certainly no purpose in writing a new guide for a nonexistent exam for a obsolete product. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:54, 23 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Games]] ==

Abandoned for ~1 decade; little to no meaningful content; one paragraph in entire book; scope unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:43, 21 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:08, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Biochemistry/The Cell]] ==
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;[[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|36px|link=]] The following discussion has concluded. Please open a new discussion for any further comments.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;collapsible boilerplate metadata&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#E3E9EE; margin:0em; padding:10px; border:1px solid #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#E3E9EE; padding:0px; text-align:left; vertical-align:middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;&gt; abandoned and undeveloped and per comments below —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:47, 14 October 2024 (UTC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;body&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;

Not particularly in scope for the book as it is; content is not particularly meaningful, educational, helpful, or well-developed (e.g. what does it mean for red blood cells to &quot;helps in structure of the body&quot;?) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:22, 22 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. Even if the strange or outright wrong statements were removed (like describing a cell as &quot;a small particle or organism&quot;, or implying that red and white blood cells are the only types of cell!), this sort of very basic explanation would be more at home in an introductory text on biology, not a text on biochemistry which assumes familiarity with these topics. (And indeed, there are much better explanations in books like [[Biology, Answering the Big Questions of Life/Cells]].) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:49, 31 July 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== [[Folktales from the Mon People of Koh Kred]] ==

Seems to be out of scope, since Wikibooks does not host fiction. –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:29, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 00:11, 10 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[High performance computing]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; only contains main page with little content; scope not well-defined. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:14, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:52, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Doom Modding]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; very little content; unclear scope/path to completion —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:20, 28 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Global Illumination and HDRI Maps in 3D Studio Max]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; one chapter only, which contains only a handful of sentences. Not enough content and no path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:27, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
*{{del}} per nom. The only subpage is this: [[Global Illumination and HDRI Maps in 3D Studio Max/HDRI Maps]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:51, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== Pages in [[Security+ Certification]] ==

Both [[Security+ Certification/Threats and Vulnerabilities]] and [[Security+ Certification/Network Security]] seem to be deprecated per @[[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]]'s recent overhaul; moreover, the pages in question seem to consist entirely of outlinks to Wikipedia. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:32, 3 August 2024 (UTC)

== Obsolete Microsoft certification guides ==

* [[MCSE Server 2003 Certification Core Exams]] (exam 70-290 retired July 2013)
* [[Microsoft Certified IT Professional]] (exam 70-444 retired June 2011; exam 70-450 retired July 2015)
* [[Microsoft Certified Professional Developer]] (exams 70-526, 70-528, 70-529, 70-547, 70-548 retired June 2011; exams 70-290, 70-536 retired July 2013)

These books all correspond to Microsoft certification exams which were retired in 2011-2015, and consist almost entirely of lists of course objectives copied from official course materials. There's almost no original educational content in any of these three books, and it's highly unlikely that they're going to be improved, since the certification exams they correspond to are no longer offered.

(Reference for the exam retirement dates is: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/credentials/support/retired-certification-exams)

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:27, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} per the above; additionally, some of these have very little content at all. Some pages may be candidates for speedy deletion. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:38, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[GNU Autoconf]] ==

Little to no meaningful content, abandoned &gt;1 decade. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:42, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. Nothing particularly salvageable from this. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:07, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:50, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[IB Textbook Reviews]] ==

Very little meaningful educational content; seems like opinion at most? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:45, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[Kurdish]] ==

Very little content at all, no outline or potential for development; abandoned for years. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:46, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:49, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[English-Arabic dictionary]] ==

Out of scope at Wikibooks since this is already completely covered by Wiktionary. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:49, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{comment}} [[English-Arabic dictionary/Colors in Arabic]] gets a nontrivial amount of traffic (~50 views/day). It'd be nice if we could at least preserve this as a redirect to an equivalent resource. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:38, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
* '''Keep''': a book selecting vocabulary into introductory groups is very different from a lexical database such as Wiktionary. In Wiktionary, one does not know where to start learning the vocabulary. Admittedly, the title gives excessively broad scope, so something should probably be done. (The argument with 50 views/day has some force.) --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:48, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Audacity]] ==

Abandoned 17 years; consists only of paltry introduction. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:43, 17 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - Audacity already has high-quality, freely licensed documentation at https://manual.audacityteam.org/ (and it's even a wiki!). [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 21:57, 3 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Java Logging]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little to no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:44, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. All indicated subpages are redlinks. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:27, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Mercury Programming]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; undeveloped (single page only); no scope or plan for expansion/future development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:46, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The only subpage: [[Mercury Programming/Types]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:26, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Server+ Certification]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little to no meaningful content; mostly a few section headers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:48, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[NetBeans]] ==

No meaningful content; chapter list only; abandoned &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:50, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. No subpages; all listed subpages are redlinks. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Valgrind]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; very little content; unclear scope; no path forward for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:52, 17 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - readers would be much better off with [https://valgrind.org/docs/manual/quick-start.html Valgrind's own quick start guide] (which is even freely licensed). [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:32, 18 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[Open Religion]] ==

Original research/soapbox/NPOV; abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:40, 24 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - out of scope religious/philosophical content similar to [[#Developing a Universal Religion]], but less developed. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:58, 25 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}}. For the record, the page starts: &quot;This project is to create an Open Source religion and philosophy, transparent and accessible to all, directed to interest all without discrimination.&quot; By the way, I would not mind instead quasi-deleting by moving to userspace of the main author so that anyone can review later what kind of material is being deleted. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:03, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Programming for the consultant]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content; no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:42, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The only subpage: [[Programming for the consultant/Approaching A New Code Base]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:24, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Metroid]] ==

Abandoned; main page only; no meaningful content; no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:44, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom; could be speedy. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:00, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Radiata Stories]] ==

Abandoned; little to no meaningful content; one page only with little content; no path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:46, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The one existing subpage is [[Radiata Stories/Character Recruitment]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:23, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Dialect]] ==

Scope unclear; abandoned with no plan for development; little to no meaningful content; most pages qualify for speedy anyway. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:18, 5 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:21, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Programming Text Adventures In Basic]] ==

Main page only; abandoned &gt;1 decade; little meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:17, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom, but I think a change of [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]] is needed so that we can delete useless stubs abandoned for a long time. The nominated page cannot be of any use as is. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:59, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[UNIX Basics]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:23, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}}: no meaningful content. A bit of meaningful content is in [[Guide to Unix]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:53, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[How to Write a Compiler]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:24, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom: almost no meaningful content. No further reading. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:54, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Script Languages Synopsis]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little content; unclear path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:26, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:55, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Epicurus]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. [[User:JackPotte|JackPotte]] ([[User talk:JackPotte|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JackPotte|contribs]]) 13:33, 6 October 2024 (UTC)}}
Merging with the other Epicurus page. {{unsigned|TheoYalur}}
{{end closed}}

=== [[Epicurus/On Matter - β (Περὶ φύσεως)]] ===

Merging with the other Epicurus page.

[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  I'm leaning towards this whole book being deleted. The scope and structure of this book as an educational textbook are unclear and the whole thing seems potentially like original research or an essay. Unless I've missed something, the main editor seems unresponsive to querying and is repeatedly removing the query flags. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:13, 25 September 2024 (UTC)

=={{anchor|Network+ Certification}}{{anchor|Security+ Certification}}{{anchor|A+ Certification}} CompTIA Certifications ==

[[Network+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:Network+|Wikiversity]]. 

[[Security+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:Security+ Certification|Wikiversity]]. 

[[A+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:A+ Certification|Wikiversity]]. 

De-duplicating work across Wikimedia. Subpages should all be deleted as well. Might be worth leaving a redirect to WV for future users. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 21:02, 15 September 2024 (UTC)

:I centralized at Wikiversity since the projects (as of now) are compendiums of links and resources based on the listed objectives of each exam, sometimes with explicitly suggested 'activities'. Very little in the way of 'book'-like exposition. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 21:06, 15 September 2024 (UTC)
:Thought about leaving a {{tlx|MovedToWikiversity}} but that template has been deleted in the past. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 02:52, 3 October 2024 (UTC)
::If all the content has indeed moved over to Wikiversity, I'm not sure we need to keep these here, especially given their quality. Cheers –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:18, 12 November 2024 (UTC)

== Wikiversal generated pages ==

* [[Wiki Assistant]]
* [[User Page Builder]]
*: Inexplicably, the links on the main page of this book all point to pages under [[:w:User:Hazel45onnie/User Page Builder]] '''on the English Wikipedia'''. I'm nominating those pages for deletion on enwiki as a separate process ([[:w:Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikiversuite pages|here]]).
* [[WikiverSuite/Wikiversant/Gunport Builder Demo 1]]
* [[Wiki Tutorial]]
*: Some of the internal links in this book are written as if the book is named [[Tutorial]] instead of [[Wiki Tutorial]]. You may have to use [[Special:Prefixindex/Wiki Tutorial]] to read through the whole thing.

These books were all generated using Wikiversal, a third-party wiki editing tool written by [[User:Planotse]] which is no longer downloadable. Many of them contain broken internal links or other outdated content (like references to Wikiversity being a subproject of Wikibooks), and the HTML-heavy markup generated by Wikiversal makes them unreasonably difficult to edit.

(As as aside, the markup used for these &quot;presentations&quot; is completely broken on the mobile site, e.g. [https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/User_Page_Builder]. For some reason, the forward/back buttons are invisible, making it impossible to navigate from page to page.)

The first three books are all instructions on how to use Wikiversal itself. Since it's no longer available, they are of no use. The fourth, while described as a &quot;Wiki tutorial&quot;, primarily instructs users to use Wikiversal to build pages on the wiki; its main page should probably be redirected to [[Using Wikibooks]] as a much more comprehensive resource.

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:44, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
::It isn't inexplicable that these pages and links are on the English Wikipedia.  The spammers who developed these pages were primarily trying to peddle software for use on the English Wikipedia.  Their pages on the English Wikipedia are also pending deletion as misusing Wikipedia for web hosting.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:46, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
:::Based on the name and some of the user's (now deleted) activity on Wikiversity, I think the software was actually intended primarily for use on Wikibooks and/or Wikiversity. Why they decided to host some of its documentation on Wikipedia is a mystery. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:52, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
::::It isn't worth trying to explain the behavior of spammers.  Sometimes the explanation is stupidity and greed.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 23:05, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
::&lt;del&gt;I haven't yet looked at the deletion request here.  I am primarily an English Wikipedia editor, just as [[User:Omphalographer]] is primarily a Commons editor.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:46, 22 September 2024 (UTC)&lt;/del&gt;
*'''Delete All''' - Spam.  These books were created twelve years ago to peddle software to new users.  This was an abuse of Wikimedia for commercial purposes.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:51, 22 September 2024 (UTC)

== [[PlanoTse Handbook for Job Search Automation]] ==

Much like the Wikiversal pages nominated above, this book is documentation for a piece of self-authored software by [[User:Planotse]] which is no longer available for download. I can't find any substantial references to this software anywhere online outside of this book itself, so it seems highly unlikely to be useful to anyone.

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:49, 20 September 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  per the above. If the software is not currently available and was never widely available or notable previously, I don't see why keeping it is useful, even for historicity. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:36, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' - This is more spam by a spammer.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 23:17, 22 September 2024 (UTC)

== [[Roblox WF Wars]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:22, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
No textual content at all, just a couple of tables of data. I can't find any other information online about this game; for all we know, it may not even exist. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:30, 20 September 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  as stated above. The content is so minimal, and the scope is not defined. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:32, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}}, including 4 subpages. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:20, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Salute, Jonathan!]] and its translations ==

: [[Alo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Bune Ğonatan!]]
: [[Dag, Jonathan!]]
: [[Glidis, o Jonathan!]]
: [[Hai, Jon!]]
: [[Hallo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Haloo, Jonatan!]]
: [[Hay, Jonathan!]]
: [[Hej, Jonathan! (Germanisch)]]
: [[Hej, Jonathan!]]
: [[Hela, Jonathan!]]
: [[Holo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Oila, Jonatan!]]
: [[Salam, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salom, Jonatan!]]
: [[Salu, Jon!]]
: [[Salut Jonathan!]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salut, Jonathan! (Interocidental)]]
: [[Salut, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salut, ionatano!]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan! (Novlingue)]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan! (Romanica)]]
: [[Saluto, Jonathan! (Ido)]]
: [[Saluto, Jonathan!]]
: [[Sesan Jon!]]
: [[Simi, Jonathan!]]
: [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]
: [[Terve, Jonathan!]]
: [[Toki a, jan Jonatan!]]
: [[Àlŏ, Jonathan!]]
: [[Òla, Ionatà!]]

There are a couple of issues here:

# Beyond their introductions, all of these books are written in languages which are not English, making them out of scope for the English Wikibooks.
# All but one of these books are in fact written in constructed languages, most of them in recently created conlangs. In some cases (e.g. [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]), I can't find any reliable sources describing the target language outside of the translation itself.
# Most of the translations (i.e. other than [[Salute, Jonathan!]] itself) were abandoned within the first five or so chapters (out of 100); none of them are complete, and there seems to be little effort to complete any of them.

While I recognize that this is an unusual project, and potentially one which could have some value, it's not at all clear to me that the English Wikibooks is the right place for it. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:24, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:I'm really not sure what to do about these ones. While I recognize that this approach is certainly one method of teaching a language, I'm not sure that it constitutes an educational textbook. We do require that the English Wikibooks be written in English—for language-learning books, this typically means that the instructional parts are in English while the exercises are in the language being taught. I do think that if the language doesn't have much supporting evidence outside the book itself, it can safely be deleted. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:01, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:Author of the book here. I originally wanted to put it in the Interlingue Wikibooks https://ie.wikibooks.org/wiki/Principal_p%C3%A1gine but it somehow got locked when I wasn't paying attention and so I ended up putting it here. Getting it unlocked requires going through the process of starting an Incubator and all the rest so I opted for here and then started putting some English-only content once it was done. It's sort of in the same vein as books like Lingua Latina per se Illustrata that have separate versions with teacher notes and whatnot. [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]] After it was done the auxlang community really took to it which was a nice surprise. I think Ido has the largest number of chapters at the moment at 15.
:If the vast content of this book could be used to justify a quick reopening of the Interlingue Wikibooks to move it there, I'd love to do that. I imagine that an incubator with 100+ book chapters would be enough to open a Wikibooks and that's what this is.
:[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:02, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:Ah, I just realized that we do have a proposal to reopen the Interlingue Wikibooks: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikibooks_Interlingue along with an Incubator page here. https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wb/ie/Principal_p%C3%A1gine
:How easy would it be to migrate the entirety of Salute Jonathan to there? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:30, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]]! I'm not sure how incubator projects work, but I fully support migrating these books there. You may want to inquire over there and link to this discussion to support your request to move the content over there. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:16, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:::Hi!
:::Actually I have a third idea to propose after thinking about this again today (haven't been here much since I finished the book): I noticed that there is more English content than I remember and that might make it an awkward fit for the Interlingue Wikibooks. I definitely agree that having all the auxlang translations for new auxlang projects goes well beyond the scope of this Wikibooks. Finally, there are some auxlangs that are notable with their own Wikipedias.
:::So the idea is the following:
:::1 Leave the original here and I can continue the work on the version with English notes and grammar. That will make it the same as Lingua Latina per se Illustrata, English by the Nature Method, Athenaze and all the rest.
:::2 The Interlingua one can move to the Interlingua Wikibooks (maybe Romanica too if they want as it is sort of a dialect of Interlingua).
:::3 For Ido and Lingua Franca Nova which have a Wikipedia but not a Wikibooks, I'm a little bit unsure...technically they could have their own version like the original one but would require English explanations. I could let them know and see if they are willing to do so and see what they think (work on adding English to the books vs. move the content elsewhere).
:::4 The rest can move to a Github repo, then be deleted, and the front page of this book can have a single link to the repo.
:::Any thoughts on that? Adding the extra English content will be easy as it is my book and I know it inside and out. Edit: [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Salute,_Jonathan!/Grammar_(pronouns) this page] I just added. 
:::[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 13:50, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
::::Thanks for taking the time to consider this! Here are my responses/questions:
::::* Is the original [[Salute, Jonathan!]] (Occidental)? Since that one is quite fleshed out, I agree that if you edit it so the primary language of the book (e.g. headers, instructions, etc) are written in English while leaving the actual story in Occidental, it would be okay and fit in more with instructional language textbooks.
::::* For your points 2 and 3, I'm not sure how those other projects work, so I'll leave it up to them. I'm not quite sure why they would need to move, since in theory they could be revised with English as the language of instruction? Although, they have been left incomplete for a long time.
::::* For your point 4, I have no problem with that.
::::Cheers! –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:51, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:::::Hello again,
:::::It's the weekend so I have a bit more time to work on this. I've decided to merge the extra content from the following five chapters since the difference is fairly small and the original chapters should now have this English content. Could you delete these five pages now that they are no longer needed? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 2 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 3 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 4 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 5 - with notes]] [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
::::::[[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:34, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::::Hi again! No luck trying to find a home for the random language translations on other auxlang wikis, can't find one that is actively maintained.
:::::::The thought struck me that maybe I could just put those ones on a sub page of my user page, would that be permitted? If not, I think I'll just stick them somewhere in GitHub and call it a day since none of the people who started the translations seem to care enough to do anything about them. I'd rather not see them outright disappear but since they aren't mine I don't care enough about them to do much more work than copy and paste them somewhere.
:::::::(I would leave the ones in languages with an ISO-639 code and Wikipedia here, of course)
:::::::[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:13, 9 November 2024 (UTC)
::::::::Thank you for checking! I don't personally see an issue with moving them to your user space right now. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:21, 9 November 2024 (UTC)
:::::::::Thanks a lot! I've started a single page where I will put them all here [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] and will proceed slowly due to lack of time and also to avoid stepping on any toes / asking you to delete too much at a time and possibly deleting the wrong content.
:::::::::For this week I have put the content for the languages Audia, Cristianès, Guosa, Lingaust, Mini, Mirad, and Monav on that page as they all have a single page of content and didn't take much time to move. Please delete those. Once they are gone I will add a note on the main page letting people know where they have gone (in addition to a thank you for their interest in the book! I do love how many people have recognized it as a good source material for teaching a language). [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 04:09, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
::Keep. Content of educational value that helps learn languages. I think more translations to natural languages should be produced. -[[User:Bronto Rex|Bronto Rex]] ([[User talk:Bronto Rex|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Bronto Rex|contribs]]) 14:02, 11 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Wooden Boats: Building and Repair]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; a few pages, but each has only a few lines of text. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:46, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Stellar Scintillation]] ==

Extremely narrow scope that I don't think is quite book-worthy, especially given the low amount of content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:48, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Future Teachers Meet Wiki]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:26, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned; scope doesn't seem right for Wikibooks; underdeveloped. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:50, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this feels like it was an attempt to use Wikibooks to organize a university project and collect student writings; even if it had made more progress, it's not clear that the outcome would have been a textbook. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:42, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}}, including 5 subpages. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:25, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[IB Spanish]] ==

Abandoned 2 decades; seems like an idea for a book that was never actually implemented (minimal meaningful content) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:55, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Luxembourgish]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:23, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned; only non-main page is a list of movies—otherwise no meaningful content [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:56, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Data Recovery]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:27, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Seems out of scope for an educational book; a couple paragraphs at most with no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:58, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this is a worthy topic, but what's written here meanders between being vague and being actively bad advice. (The &lt;code&gt;strings&lt;/code&gt; command is not an appropriate data recovery tool.) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:14, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:27, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Competitive Programming]] ==

Survived deletion previously on the justification that it could potentially be expanded, but it's since been over a decade with no improvement; extremely minimal educational content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:03, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== Pages by [[User:TheoYalur]] ==

* [[Henri Poincaré Reader]]
* [[The Sight and Sound of the Greek Genocide Around the Kültürpark in Izmir]]
* [[God Disorder]]

These pages all appear to be personal essays, not educational texts. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 03:53, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
:They are all original research. The editor asked to be unblocked so they could move to Wikiversity where OR is permitted. As they have now returned to creating these dubious pages, I have blocked them again and deleted the most recent creation as out of scope original research. The &quot;reader&quot; might be acceptable. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:37, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
::Thanks @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]]! I'm not sure about [[Henri Poincaré Reader]] since it has NPOV issues and it reads like a self-published essay piece with personal hypothesizing/opinion/research, no references, etc. Its educational scope is still somewhat unclear, as is the structure—it does not seem textbook-like in form or style. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:43, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
:::You spent more time reading it than me I suspect. I only skimmed it, but I am sure you are right that it has the same issues as the other creations and should be deleted. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 16:14, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
::::With regard to the &quot;Reader&quot;, at best it's a collection of loosely translated excerpts of texts which, for the most part, already have quality translations available on Wikisource. For instance, the section [[Henri Poincaré Reader#The Measure of Time (1898)]] is already translated as [[:s:The Foundations of Science/The Value of Science/Chapter 2]]. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 20:39, 14 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[User:גני טווילרי]] ==
Please delete a redirection page of the former user page, which was not active in the En Wikibooks. Thank you. [[User:לובר|לובר]] ([[User talk:לובר|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/לובר|contribs]]) 02:15, 16 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{re|לובר}} {{done}} though in the future please use {{tl|speedy}} for such deletions. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:53, 16 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management]] ==

As best I can tell, this was intended at one point to be an internal resource for employees of an ODU (Old Dominion University) career office; what little of it exists is primarily focused on minutae irrelevant to anyone outside that office, like [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management/Get Oriented/How we do it|who to email to schedule an information session]] or a collection of [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management/Get Up-to-Date/CAP Meeting|meeting notes]]. It's also all been essentially untouched since 2007. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:49, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  per stated reasoning —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:11, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Golf]] ==

Extremely minimal content; educational/book scope is unclear; abandoned for &gt;1 decade. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:15, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Counterterror Joint Command]] ==

Unclear how this falls into WB scope—doesn't seem to be an educational book, and educational scope is undefined; abandoned as well —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:17, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this is perplexing; it's written like a policy proposal on behalf of an agency, not a textbook. From context I ''think'' it's about the [[:w:National Police Agency (Taiwan)]], but it's entirely unclear whether this was intended as an official report or some sort of weird fan fiction. Either way, it doesn't belong here. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:31, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Flight Attendant Manual]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; consists only of a list of country codes and the phonetic alphabet. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:19, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[History of the ODU Art Department]] ==

A collection of fragmentary biographies and interviews of members of the ODU (Old Dominion University) art department. Some of these are individually interesting, I guess, but they don't really add up to a history of the department, let alone to an instructional text. Most editing activity appears to have been around 2008-09; there's almost no activity since then. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:22, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Understanding the National Certificate of Educational Achievement]] ==

Scope unclear; very little content; abandoned &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:30, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Release Management]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; very little content; unclear what its scope as a book is —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:11, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Management for IT Professionals]] ==

Minimal content; book scope unclear; abandoned almost 2 decades —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:13, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Living in Bangkok]] ==

Minimal content; consists of single chapter that contains likely outdated information —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:14, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Limburgish]] ==

Abandoned; single chapter with minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:19, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
:In general, I think deletion not solve anything. While the contents is minimal, it's still better than nothing at all. Rather, an invitation should be made to expand on it. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ooswesthoesbes|contribs]]) 06:27, 19 October 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]]! While I understand your perspective, I unfortunately disagree. Wikibooks has a huge number of abandoned stubs like this one, which I think results in clutter and makes the entire project less useful as a result. Due to their nature and structure, books require a greater committed investment to make than, say, WP articles, and these little scraps are rarely developed here. This book has had plenty of opportunity for expansion since you started it over a decade ago, but nobody has actually made any effort to do so. Based on the evidence from the past decade, when weighing the likelihood of the book being properly developed going forward versus the active negative impact of its continued presence in this state, I favor deletion. Moreover, in the rare case that someone came along later and wanted to revive this book specifically, it could be undeleted. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:55, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Introduction to BASIC]] ==

Consists only of a few paragraphs and then a compilation of links —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:22, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[International Baccalaureate]] ==

Not actually a book in and of itself; rather, it is just a compilation of links to other books —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:24, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[HP Media Vault]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:29, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Book-like scope is unclear; very minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:35, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - how-to content isn't necessarily out of scope, but this only describes how to perform a single (fairly straightforward) task, for a product which has been off the market for ~15 years and is unlikely to be of interest to future editors. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 01:02, 20 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} [[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:29, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[GUI Design Principles]] ==

Single page that was never properly integrated into a book as it should have been —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:37, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' I guess, if you say so Kitty. I am not a regular and don't know the standards here, I will trust you. I brought this over only because it had been an English Wikipedia article, was taken to Articles for Discussion, and the decision was to move it to Wikibooks, which I did. It's your baby now and you don't have to take the English Wikipedia's detritus, so do as you think best. [[User:Herostratus|Herostratus]] ([[User talk:Herostratus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Herostratus|contribs]]) 03:53, 17 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Basketball]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; doesn't contain much beyond what you'd find in a WP article —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:41, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:I love the game, but yes, this has no real content. That said, there's little danger in keeping it and it could plausibly be improved, so I'm '''weak keep'''. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:33, 3 November 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} We can't just rely on [[User:Someone Else]] to come – and on a project as small as this, that [[User:Someone Else]] is more or less never likely to come. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:33, 24 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Bug Free Programming]] ==

Unclear how exactly this constitutes an educational book; scope is unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:45, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Wow, I didn't even remember this one. I think it's perfectly clear how this is educational and the scope couldn't be clearer, either, but I'm not going to finish it so go ahead and delete it. [[User:Főszerkesztő Úr|Főszerkesztő Úr]] ([[User talk:Főszerkesztő Úr|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Főszerkesztő Úr|contribs]]) 12:35, 23 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Character List for Baxter&amp;Sagart]] ==

Seems completely out of scope as an educational book; it's just a list of characters and outlinks —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:53, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Adding [[Character List for Karlgren's GSR]] and [[Character List for Schuessler's CGSR]] for the same reason —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:55, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:These three books do make a package and I agree they should be considered together. However, I strongly object to deleting them. They are really extremely useful resources. I use them every week and I know that many people who do work on Old Chinese phonology do so. There are lots of books out there that are lists of characters, these are called dictionaries. For example Axel Schuessler's ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, or Pulleyblank's Lexicon of Reconstructed Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, Late Middle Chinese, and Early Mandarin. I see it as entirely a good thing for reference works of this kind to be available free online rather than only in expensive books in university research libraries. If this is in violation of a Wikibooks policy, I would at least like that policy to be drawn to my attention and to have some constructive comment offered about which Wikiproject such a resource should fall under. I will also say on a personal note that I have put literally hundreds of hours of work into these projects and it would grieve me a lot to see this work simply vanish, in particular when I know that colleagues around the world use these books. --[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 07:27, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]], and thank you for the feedback! Official Wikibooks policy does not permit standalone dictionaries (see [[WB:DICT]]), though I understand the argument that it is a useful resource. I am wondering if there might be a home for it at [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers|Wiktionary]] or [[Wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]]? Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:14, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:::The policy says to use Wiktionary, but these books cannot be moved there. In fact they link there, you can understand me as having made an index to wiktionary, if you like, where the ORDER of the characters is extremely important, information that would be lost in Wiktionary. 
:::Wikiversity is not a project I participate in, and in any event my books here are older than it, so this option was not available for me at the relevant moment. If you are offering to move my books to Wikiversity, that is very kind of you and I will very graciously accept. [[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 14:10, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::::I have pinged over at Wikiversity Colloquium to ask about suitability and have looped you into the conversation over there. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:20, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:Per [[:v:Wikiversity:Colloquium#Import_Resource_From_Wikibooks?]], I recommend copying and pasting, including attribution via the edit summary and talk page, add appropriate categories and links, and then it could be deleted locally. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:32, 3 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Citroën XM]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; very minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:57, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Happiness]] ==

Significant NPOV issues; not much content; abandoned for &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:58, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Islamic Studies Grade 1]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade with very little content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:03, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - the table of contents makes it clear that this book was intended to house POV religious content (e.g. a chapter titled &quot;Allah Is The One&quot;). This is incompatible with [[WB:NPOV]]. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 01:12, 20 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Suomen kieli käyttöön]] ==

Multiple pages in this book are written entirely in Finnish, which is out of the enWB scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:09, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:I was going to say whether we should ask any fiwikibooks sysop to maybe see if this could be transwikied to fiwb if it's within the scope there. But [[:fi:Toiminnot:Käyttäjät/sysop]] indicates that there are only 3 sysops, and only {{u|Anr}} and {{u|Zache}} have made edits this ''year''. If they deem it to be salvageable, then transwiki + delete, otherwise straight-up delete. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:24, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
::It seems that the idea behind the book was for the pages to be bilingual, as it’s a language learning book. That’s why there are Finnish texts included intentionally even on the pages that are complete. There are similar books in dewikibooks and ruwikibooks as well. For the English version, I think the easiest way to proceed would be to clean up and adjust the page layout to fit enwikibooks better, and then translate the missing parts. By the way, if anyone wants to update the book’s name in English, it can be titled ''&quot;Using the Finnish Language&quot;'' or ''&quot;Put Finnish Language into Use&quot;'' for a direct translation.   [[User:Zache|Zache]] ([[User talk:Zache|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Zache|contribs]]) 11:57, 14 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Austrian German]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:21, 14 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned almost 2 decades; scope not well outlined, main page only; minimal content insufficient for book. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:18, 24 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} + comments on the page, like &quot;[Austrian German] is much more mild, liberal and melodious unlike the German in Germany which is harsh, arrogant and even somewhat mastering&quot;, are confusing and I fail to see the need to keep such an underdeveloped &quot;book&quot;. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 19:47, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:20, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Several pages in [[Hobo tourism]] and [[Hobo travel journalism]] ==

The following pages are entirely self-promotional content that is suitable for a blog but not WB (same contributor made the [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Various pages in Basics of fine-art photography|now-deleted pages from above]]).

* [[Hobo tourism/Third creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Third African trip]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Visiting Death]]
* [[Hobo tourism/One day in an Afghan prison]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Around the world with empty pockets]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Indian dreams]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Two months of wandering and 14 days behind bars]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Holiday of wandering mzungu]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Afghan prisoner]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Two hundred days in Latin America]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Mongolian huyvaldagch]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Six months by islands... and countries]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Viktor Pinchuk's expedition to the Islands of Oceania]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Viktor Pinchuk's solo expedition to Africa (2017/18)]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Latin American expedition of Viktor Pinchuk]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Bum tour of winter Japan]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Afghan Expedition of Viktor Pinchuk]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Second creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Creative trip to Mongolia]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Creative trip to India]]
* [[Hobo tourism/First creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Tropical fever in the bum tour (an example from practice)]]
* [[Hobo tourism/African Robbery]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/With a backpack around the planet (rubric in the newspaper “Southern Capital”)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Returning from distant wanderings (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Republic of Crimea&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Wind of wanderings (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Crimean Time&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Around the World (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Crimean Observer&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Travel notes (rubric in the ProX magazine)]]
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:01, 24 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - I would support deleting the entire book, not just these chapters. Even aside from the self-promotional content listed above, other chapters give some ''extremely questionable'' advice on sleeping arrangements, such as:
:* Trespassing on private property ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In halls and stairwells]]; [[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/On objects under construction]])
:* Sleeping inside archaeological sites ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In the ancient pyramid]])
:* Harassing locals if they don't let you into their house ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In Aboriginal dwellings]] - &quot;independently knock on any dwelling, asking for a place under a canopy in the yard; with a negative result, repeating the action repeatedly&quot;)
:[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:45, 25 October 2024 (UTC)
:{{vd}} Agree with above. Delete all.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 03:38, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

::These articles have many internal links from English-language Wikinews. Removing the material would harm the news articles and the project as a whole. — [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 15:55, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Hi @[[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]]—while I understand your concern, I'm fairly certain that being linked to is not an acceptable justification in policy or otherwise for content that is inappropriate for Wikibooks in the first place. If that were the case, vandalism or other inappropriate material could be kept simply because it is linked to somewhere else. If consensus says that these pages don't belong at Wikibooks due to the unsuitability of the content, I think that decision will stand independently. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:28, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

:::Vandalism is a harmful and unproductive change for the project. But what is reviewed by administrators (precisely administrators, not one administrator) of English-language news cannot be compared to vandalism. Such an example is inappropriate. — [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 19:11, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Then that is an issue which Wikinews can deal with. Wikibooks is its own project, and can make its own decisions about the suitability of content. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:06, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

::::Wikibooks is harming Wikinews, and that's its problem. Well, that's fine. &lt;br&gt;However, I want to say that any paper textbook can be supplemented with optional material containing examples on the topic from the author's personal practice.  It can be published as a separate brochure or included in a paper textbook. Who wants to — reads, does not want — does not read.They probably haven't heard about it in the English section...— [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 16:32, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
::::: Это живой и рабочий проект, Виктор. И вы разговариваете с двумя администраторами. Ваши самопиарки поудаляют вскорости, смиритесь. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:45, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
: {{vd}} I put [[:ru:wb:К_удалению/Июль_2023#статьи_из_Категория:Книги_русского_путешественника_Виктора_Пинчука_--|half of these articles on ruBooks for deletion a year ago]]. Alas, ruBooks are more dead than alive. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:45, 12 November 2024 (UTC)

== files from Phoenix Wright ==

Used for decorative, not educational, purposes ([[WB:NFCC]]#8): [[:File:AAIME Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:PWAAJFA episode1.png]], [[:File:PW JFA Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:Gyakuten Kenji 2 Official Artwork.png]], [[:File:AJ officialart.jpg]], [[:File:PW T&amp;T Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:SMB2 dream staircase art.jpg]]. 

Galleries ([[WB:NFCC]]#3): [[:File:Moonflow 27.jpg]], [[:File:Macalania 18.jpg]], [[:File:Chauncey LM.jpg]] , [[:File:King Boo LM.jpg]], [[:File:Boolossus LM.jpg]]. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:22, 30 October 2024 (UTC)

:My thoughts below:
:* [[:File:AAIME Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PWAAJFA episode1.png]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PW JFA Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:Gyakuten Kenji 2 Official Artwork.png]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:AJ officialart.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PW T&amp;T Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:SMB2 dream staircase art.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:Moonflow 27.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  low resolution and seems to be illustrating something
:* [[:File:Macalania 18.jpg]] Uncertain
:* [[:File:Chauncey LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:* [[:File:King Boo LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:* [[:File:Boolossus LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:12, 30 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[A Summary of Theology and Thought in Messianic Judaism]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:25, 13 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Anglican Liturgies]] ==

Abandoned, no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:04, 14 November 2024 (UTC)

:{{done}} Seems to be no additional development since [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks:Requests_for_deletion&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=4238466#Anglican_Liturgies this discussion] back in early 2023, so I've deleted the book. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 15:26, 2 December 2024 (UTC)

== [[SEAWORLD CHRISTMAS CELEBRATION 2021-PRESENT]] ==

CSD contested by author twice--reasons given were &quot;Test page&quot; and &quot;No useful content.&quot; Courtesy pings: {{u|Xeverything11}}, {{u|Ternera}}. [[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] ([[User talk:JJPMaster|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|contribs]]) 22:54, 27 November 2024 (UTC)

:{{not done|Not undeleted}} What the IP created is out-of-scope for Wikibooks. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 08:17, 28 November 2024 (UTC)
::[[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} I'm pretty sure this was a delete request, and it was brought here because the original editor kept removing the speedy deletion tag! I already completed it :) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:29, 29 November 2024 (UTC)
:::&lt;span class=&quot;template-ping&quot;&gt;@[[:User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], [[:User:SHB2000|SHB2000]]:&lt;/span&gt; Yeah, I didn't want to edit war over keeping the CSD tag, so I RfD'd it to play it safe. [[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] ([[User talk:JJPMaster|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|contribs]]) 18:32, 30 November 2024 (UTC)
::::oh, right cool – cheers for making a request here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 19:26, 30 November 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oaysj9zgw19lgbrnd75cv5lsb2cgm2m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448797</id>
      <parentid>4448795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T15:29:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Atcovi</username>
        <id>1015207</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>move to [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Anglican Liturgies]]</comment>
      <origin>4448797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100636" sha1="0xm3x5zmxbfsmcj5s1g4w89j62qt2w8" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__
[[Category:Wikibooks deletion|{{PAGENAME}}]]
{{Discussion Rooms}}
{{TOCleft}}
{{Requests for deletion/Archives}}
{{Requests for deletion/Using Template:Icon}}
{{clear}}

= Undeletion =
{{shortcut|WB:RFU}}
{{Requests for deletion/New undeletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Undeletion intro}}

==[[City Of Heroes]]==
{{closed|Was undeleted —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:39, 17 August 2024 (UTC)}}
A book that was deleted when strategy guides were not allowed. See discussion  -&lt;span style=&quot;background:yellow;&gt;User:Slava Ukraini Heroyam Slava 123 &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue span&gt; 17:13, 12 November 2022 (UTC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:This book was deleted about 16 years ago and only one page had a significant amount of content. It could all be undeleted but would probably be better re-made from scratch.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 01:34, 11 August 2023 (UTC)
::'''Undeleted it''' with many first-level subpages. Yet [[City Of Heroes/Archetypes]], [[City Of Heroes/Powers]], [[City Of Heroes/General Help]], [[City Of Heroes/Enhancements]], [[City Of Heroes/Binds]] and [[City Of Heroes/Badges]] have even more subpages to be undeleted.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 22:50, 19 August 2023 (UTC)
:::'''Undeleted''' many subpages of the above subpages, less obviously useless versions. Yet any administrators are hereby advised to check [[Special:Undelete]] for more to be undeleted.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 21:52, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
:Remaking this content from scratch might be difficult - the game shut down in 2012. There's a small community of users running private servers based on leaked source code (!), but far fewer than when the game was active. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:55, 26 August 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Mass undeletion of books that were deleted when strategy guides were not allowed.]]==
{{closed|Not done —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:40, 17 August 2024 (UTC)}}
Couldn't we just mass undelete these books? [[User:Garfieldcat1978|Garfieldcat1978]] ([[User talk:Garfieldcat1978|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Garfieldcat1978|contribs]]) 18:25, 20 February 2023 (UTC) Letting bot archive as needed.
:Listing which works would be much better.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 22:51, 19 August 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

= Deletion =
{{shortcut|WB:RFD}}
{{Requests for deletion/New deletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Deletion intro}}
{{clear}}
&lt;!-- New nominations go at the bottom of page --&gt;

== [[Dynamical Systems]] ==
This seems to be abandoned book, the only content is largly vacuous. I don't believe it is likely to be extended or worked on because it is both a technical topic, and represents to original author's goals for such a book (graduate level vs undergraduate). [[User:Thenub314|Thenub]][[Special:Contributions/Thenub314|314]] ([[User talk:Thenub314|talk]]) 20:46, 23 February 2023 (UTC)

:It does seem abandoned; the single existing page hasn't been updated since 2018 and the main book page hasn't been updated since 2019. Unless someone quickly decides to pick up on it, I can't really see it staying here at Wikibooks :/ —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:35, 24 February 2023 (UTC)

::Hello there,
::currently I'm working over at the German page, because I have begun to work with a new, more intuitive terminology. My current plan is to first finish the German version and then possibly to translate it. To finish the German version will take at least until the end of this year. Until then, you shouldn't expect any progress. Afterwards, I may feel inclined to pick up the project, depending on my human rights situation. --[[User:Mathmensch|Mathmensch]] ([[User talk:Mathmensch|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mathmensch|contribs]]) 09:26, 8 April 2023 (UTC)

* '''Delete'''.  While this is a stub and we should not deleted them the content present is extremely limited and by the reply above it is duplicated in another language project with the intention of migration here later. Since it also occupies a topic space name it also becomes a blocker to other similar works.  --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:26, 7 November 2024 (UTC)

== Files from [[Illustrated Guide to the world of Spira (FFX and FFX-2)]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted for lack of a valid NFCC. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:34, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}
Used for decorative, not educational, purposes: [[:File:Float 13.jpg]], [[:File:Grabbed Frame 15.jpg]], [[:File:Gandof.jpg]], [[:File:Ohalland.jpg]], [[:File:Braskascan1.jpg]], [[:File:Tidus FFX.png]] ([[WB:NFCC]]#8). — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 13:54, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
:Sure, I think I can agree on the removal of these [[User:2005-Fan|2005-Fan]] ([[User talk:2005-Fan|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/2005-Fan|contribs]]) 12:24, 22 July 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Various pages in [[Basics of fine-art photography]] ==
{{closed|1=consensus to delete [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:38, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}
The following pages in [[Basics of fine-art photography]] seem out of scope because they consist entirely of personal promotion/advertisement for the author's photography:
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Egypt and Egyptians II]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Lights of Moscow]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Ethiopia through the eyes of traveler]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/On the roads of India]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/14 days in Mongolia]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Egypt and Egyptians III]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Hitchhiking across Sudan]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/January in Japan]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Uganda: tribes and civilization]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Tribes of Kenya]]
* [[Basics of fine-art photography/Afghanistan, 2008]]
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 04:13, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

:Frankly, the entire book appears to be a vehicle for the author to promote his own photography. The few sentences of instructional content on pages like [[Basics of fine-art photography/Creating works in macro photography]] are practically useless; that one amounts to &quot;to take macro photos, set your camera to macro mode and hold it close to the subject, or read another book for more information&quot;. Other pages like [[Basics of fine-art photography/Interior photography in hobo tours]] or [[Basics of fine-art photography/Taking pictures of homeless people]] provide essentially no information on photography technique at all, and seem to mostly be intended as jumping-off points to showcase more of the author's photos. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:40, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Selected Essays]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted}}
Seems completely out of WB scope; it's just a collection of unrelated personal essays. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:52, 1 April 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} Agreed, personal essays and not ones that can easily be used, at that. [[User:Icandostuff|&lt;span style=&quot;color:Red&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:Yellow&quot;&gt;can&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:Lime&quot;&gt;do&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:#00ffff&quot;&gt;stuff&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;!&lt;/span&gt; ]] ([[User talk:Icandostuff|talk]]) 12:52, 11 June 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Remembering the Templars]] ==

Seems to be pretty much an encyclopedic article about the Knights Templar, which makes it out of scope; enormous amount of links to enWP and may even just be an import. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:59, 1 April 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 23:53, 5 April 2024 (UTC)
*'''Keep'''. This is one of [[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4's]] books, not a WP import. They remain an active, if sporadic, contributor and may well return to this in the future. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:41, 24 October 2024 (UTC)
*:I just realized they were never notified about the nom, so I'll go ahead and do so on their talk page for posterity. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:10, 24 October 2024 (UTC)
*'''Keep''' I urge you to consider that your view of what a encyclopedic article is may be too ample. Please avert proposing deletions simply on those grounds, especially when real content is present, if a direct import can be matched give it more time if someone has gone to the work of requesting and performing an import from Wikipedia they (or others) may us it to extend the content into a book... I understand that you may be busy but you need to dedicate more time when content is present. A simple examination of the proposed work would make the structural effort obvious even if not the creative content added.
:I think deletion of imports from Wikipedia was already discussed somewhere else, probably on the deletion policy talks and some consensus was formed around it that no real lost or gain comes from performing them directly (considering the necessary steps some time should be granted if not blocking a specific namespace) and that simple non imported (without the edit history) duplication of Wikipedia content should not have the same consideration falling a bit above nonsense contributions (depending on the editor's history).
:There is ample discussion regarding project stubs, that they should be preserved simply if having structural value...
:I often dedicated time to salvage abandoned imports (I have or had import rights and did some of the import request). I can not remember how I started this project but along with an historic and curiosity on the subject, I did do some imports to it, I'm aware that some I left unfinished (and that the foot notes are indeed a eye sore at the end of the book structure) due to lack of time to continue on a single project and due to the issues around the C++ Programming book that made my reconsider my priorities...
:If some other content was deleted simply due to be an &quot;encyclopedic article&quot; I would ask for anyone with time to examine those deletions.   --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:14, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4]]! I definitely appreciate your perspective. My main concern regarding things like this is the needs of the community and the project right now. I understand the logic behind keeping books and pages that have potential, but our project seems to have hemorrhaged editors over the last several years, and activity is fairly low. I worry that keeping too many pages just because they have some potential makes the project overly cluttered and makes it harder to access the content that is higher quality—I feel like we have an unfortunate reputation in this respect. There are stubs that have previously been kept because they had the potential for improvement but that have not been substantially improved in over twenty years. I just don't want to see the project get bogged down today under the weight of imagined future improvement. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:48, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Additionally, regarding issues like encyclopedic content pages, I do think it's important to consider what makes us different from our sister projects like Wikipedia. I suppose for [[Remembering the Templars]] specifically, I just don't see what makes it significantly different from [[w:Knights Templar]], [[w:History of the Knights Templar]], etc. When you combine this with the issues that I've described above and the fact that this page has had issues of structure and dewikification for over a decade, that is what led me to nominate it for deletion. I hope this explains my thought process a bit better! Cheers again —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:00, 7 November 2024 (UTC)
::::Try to bring Wikipedias here to extend stubs into textbooks if you see pure encyclopedic content pages (they can also request an import there if there is valid content). I did that when I imported pages, or covered similar content (did the same in other languages Wikibooks). The issue with the loss of contributors is not linked with this type of content (in fact I find it a inspiration to contribute) its is often easier to extend than to initiate and commit to a project from 0 (just like contributing to Open Source projects).
::::The reason we lose contributors in my view is due to heckle (especially from non contributors) and technological / bureaucratic complexity. Its a hard commitment to engage in a project a lot harder than with a simpler encyclopedic article. More solitary (unless it is a class project) and required more focus (people often do not want to get involved with the general community or dragged into political discussions around outside their own project) and hard to coordinate (a book has a larger vision and is structural dependent, has to have a flow and logic). This is why even a stub with a simple structural approach to a subject has some value here. If not for anything more than demonstrate that someone else was interested in the subject. If you notice the deletions discussions you can see these forces represented...
::::I had relied in another user running a script bot to do the dewikifications (from wikipedia) that was a reason for me to halt the work there at that time, I like to preserve wikilinks as much as possible to similar content exist here (bookshelves or local content get linked first). At the same time, and to give an pertinent example or how people get tired, I got reverted by a sysop by doing the same on my own contributions on another work (on wikijunior, on the ground of esthetics, inter project consistency or whatever, this is an example of the problem). Now in an age overwhelming content. where people expect immediacy more than quality, that publishing or duplicating the edit capabilities of Wikimedia locally is easier any barrier will push people away...
::::Regarding your inability to distinguish the content apart, it seems you have more a problem with Wikipedia than my &quot;article&quot; then. A Wikipedic article should be a reduction to the topic it covers and split in distinct interlinked articles when its grows too much, this is a problem with many wikipedia articles (and I understand why, the need to source and maintain cohesion is better done in a monolithic view of the subject). In any case a History Wikibook can not go much further than an aggregation of facts (and I did include my own speculation, that is a historic minority view point) in relation to the Cathars in linking all to the pope's geopolitical view of the world (and grab for power) and providing a contextual view of the subject matter (you do not see that on the wikipedian articles) not a link to the free masons :) that is mere hypothetical if tentatively logic or made logic by co-adoption.
:::: Remember also that we consider an aggregation of Wikepedian articles and Encyclopedia and if the scope and intention is to educate it falls under a textbook definition, we have books like that here, some have survived deletion many time...  --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 05:07, 8 November 2024 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:Panic2k4|Panic2k4]] I think you and I share the same general values about the project, but we simply disagree on our conclusions. I'll let other people weigh in here. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:35, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Half-Life Computation]] ==

Doesn't seem in-scope as a book—just seems like a single page on how to do a specific calculation. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:06, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

* Keep -You have to consider also that projects can be merged (I have not checked if there is a possible match) in any case consider it a stub with valid content. It is a stub (November 2018) there is the problem of a namespace collision since it identifies as a specific topic (but as you identified is a very limited scope). Had I the time I would create a structure around it and contribute to it in the subject of Entropy or how our non-existing reality, is also &quot;evaporating&quot; into nothing...
: Stubs are promoters to growth, like particles to rain...   --[[User:Panic2k4|Panic]] ([[User talk:Panic2k4|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Panic2k4|contribs]]) 20:40, 7 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[God and Religious Toleration]] ==
{{closed|1=clear consensus to delete [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:45, 24 October 2024 (UTC)}}

This book was [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/God and Religious Toleration|previously nominated for deletion in 2011]], but kept largely because of its theoretical potential for improvement. It's now over a decade later, and no real improvement has been made. The book has the following issues:
* A lack of clearly defined educational/instructional scope, structure, or aims overall
* A lack of structure in each existing chapter
* Significant NPOV and lack-of-evidence/citations
I've gone through the book to try to improve it somewhat, but it largely feels like a disorganized dumping ground for a variety of abstract thoughts, many of which are heavily biased. At this point, given the amount of time it has had for improvement and the lack thereof, I don't think it has a place at Wikibooks. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:06, 20 April 2024 (UTC)

:This book is very important in this day and age. Tolerance between religions is important for world peace. Without tolerance, chaos breaks out in the world. We should promote tolerance between religions. If the good guys keep quiet, the bad guys win. Is that what you want? A better way is to simply add a chapter of yours to the book and contribute your suggestions to world peace and the strengthening of love in the world. @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] [[User:Nobody60|Nobody60]] ([[User talk:Nobody60|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Nobody60|contribs]]) 08:46, 21 April 2024 (UTC)

:Support deleting as per issues pointed out in nom. @[[User:Nobody60|Nobody60]], there are kilometers between deleting a bad, biased book and supporting religious intolerance or whatever it is you're accusing the nom of doing. Wikibooks is a project with a definite, reachable and concrete goal, which this book doesn't meet, never met and probably would never meet. --[[User:YuriNikolai|YuriNikolai]] ([[User talk:YuriNikolai|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/YuriNikolai|contribs]]) 02:10, 27 April 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 07:44, 27 April 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. Not only is this material not presented from a neutral point of view, it's not even a mainstream religious POV. Much like [[Developing A Universal Religion]] (also up for deletion), the goal of this text appears to be to create and promote a new syncretic religious movement, complete with its own new beliefs and practices; this is very much outside the scope of Wikibooks. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:24, 3 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} as per [[WB:NOR]]: I am all for religious tolerance but all against religious acquiescence. [[User:Jeaucques Quœure|Jeaucques Quœure]] ([[User talk:Jeaucques Quœure|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jeaucques Quœure|contribs]]) 07:30, 26 September 2024 (UTC)

{{end closed}}

== [[Kashubian Dictionary]] ==

[[WB:DICT|Out of scope]] here; material should be hosted at Wiktionary (I've [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Information desk/2024/May|suggested it there]]). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:39, 28 May 2024 (UTC)

:Any content in this dictionary should be already be at [[wiktionary:Wiktionary:Requested entries (Kashubian)/Kashubian Dictionary]], where we will be able to slowly make entries for these. [[User:Vininn126|Vininn126]] ([[User talk:Vininn126|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vininn126|contribs]]) 21:51, 7 June 2024 (UTC)

== [[Biblioþeke]] ==

Out of scope; seems to be an incomplete translation of the bible into a conlang. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:16, 29 May 2024 (UTC)

== [[Wikis for Retail Store Managers]] ==

Abandoned, unclear scope, little content, unclear path for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:30, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:10, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Human Geography]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:08, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned for two decades without any development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:50, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The page has a list of chapters/sections, but these are not linked. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:56, 17 October 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} as I just tagged rfd.--[[User:Jusjih|Jusjih]] ([[User talk:Jusjih|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jusjih|contribs]]) 02:29, 2 November 2024 (UTC)
*:{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:08, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Neuro Linguistic Programming]] ==

Abandoned, very little meaningful content, unclear path for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:56, 8 June 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:55, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Scrapebook Linguistics]] ==

Abandoned, little to no meaningful content, unclear scope or potential for development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 03:05, 8 June 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - an earlier version of this page was imported to Wikiversity as [[:v:Special:Permalink/15674|Portal:Linguistics]] (and subsequently edited into oblivion). The followup edits here aren't needed at WV. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:22, 25 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[How to Be a Good Camp Counselor]] ==

Book is un/under-developed and abandoned, and the scope/potential for development is somewhat unclear to me. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 03:07, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

== [[Australian Property Law]] ==

Has only one page (introduction) with little content. It has been abandoned now for almost 20 years with no development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:35, 10 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. Subpages are redlinks except for [[Australian Property Law/Introduction]], which does not save the material. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:09, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Chinese Checkers]] ==

Extremely minimal content and abandoned for almost 20 years. Was previously nominated for deletion in 2006 but kept on the grounds that it could be expanded—clearly this has not happened. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:56, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Niw Englisch]] ==

Fiction / original research - a conlang being (very slowly) created by the author of the book.

The following books are closely related to that project and should be deleted as well:
* [[NiwEnglisc]]
* [[Þat englisce Alphabet]]
* [[Lernung þer Stafræwe]]
* [[Þe ettbære Garden]]
as well as [[Biblioþeke]], which has already been nominated for deletion.
:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  all per the above. I can find no evidence of the conlang outside Wikibooks and this sole author. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:03, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Mac OS X Leopard]] ==

Yet another abandoned, underdeveloped book on an obsolete operating system. (Mac OS X Leopard was released in 2007, and has been unsupported since 2011.) If there were more content in this book, it could possibly be refactored into a version-independent book about macOS, but there's effectively nothing here. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:42, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. If it were more fleshed out, it could be kept as archival. However, there's so little there. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:47, 24 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Algebra and Number Theory]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; consists of one page with very little content; no introduction or scope —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:35, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. Has a list of redlinks for subpages; there is one subpage: [[Algebra and Number Theory/Elementary Number Theory]]. This is not useful and has been abandoned for too long. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:05, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Basic Ancient Greek]] ==

Abandoned for many years; very little actual content; only real contributor was an IP whose last edit was in 2015. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:37, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:06, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Blender Game Engine for Morons]] ==

Abandoned for at least a decade; consists of main page only; almost no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:41, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:07, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[BOINC]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; consists of main page only; almost no meaningful content; unclear scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:43, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:07, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[HP Open View NNM Exam Guide]] ==

One page only; abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content; scope unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:40, 21 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. [[w:HP OpenView|HP OpenView]] no longer exists as a product (and its successor HP Network Management Center has been discontinued as well!); neither does HP's certification exam for it. There's certainly no purpose in writing a new guide for a nonexistent exam for a obsolete product. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:54, 23 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Games]] ==

Abandoned for ~1 decade; little to no meaningful content; one paragraph in entire book; scope unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:43, 21 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:08, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Biochemistry/The Cell]] ==
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;[[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|36px|link=]] The following discussion has concluded. Please open a new discussion for any further comments.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;collapsible boilerplate metadata&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#E3E9EE; margin:0em; padding:10px; border:1px solid #999999;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;title&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#E3E9EE; padding:0px; text-align:left; vertical-align:middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;vertical-align:middle;&quot;&gt; abandoned and undeveloped and per comments below —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:47, 14 October 2024 (UTC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;body&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;

Not particularly in scope for the book as it is; content is not particularly meaningful, educational, helpful, or well-developed (e.g. what does it mean for red blood cells to &quot;helps in structure of the body&quot;?) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:22, 22 July 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}}. Even if the strange or outright wrong statements were removed (like describing a cell as &quot;a small particle or organism&quot;, or implying that red and white blood cells are the only types of cell!), this sort of very basic explanation would be more at home in an introductory text on biology, not a text on biochemistry which assumes familiarity with these topics. (And indeed, there are much better explanations in books like [[Biology, Answering the Big Questions of Life/Cells]].) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:49, 31 July 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== [[Folktales from the Mon People of Koh Kred]] ==

Seems to be out of scope, since Wikibooks does not host fiction. –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:29, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 00:11, 10 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[High performance computing]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; only contains main page with little content; scope not well-defined. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:14, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:52, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Doom Modding]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; very little content; unclear scope/path to completion —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:20, 28 July 2024 (UTC)

== [[Global Illumination and HDRI Maps in 3D Studio Max]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; one chapter only, which contains only a handful of sentences. Not enough content and no path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:27, 28 July 2024 (UTC)
*{{del}} per nom. The only subpage is this: [[Global Illumination and HDRI Maps in 3D Studio Max/HDRI Maps]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:51, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== Pages in [[Security+ Certification]] ==

Both [[Security+ Certification/Threats and Vulnerabilities]] and [[Security+ Certification/Network Security]] seem to be deprecated per @[[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]]'s recent overhaul; moreover, the pages in question seem to consist entirely of outlinks to Wikipedia. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:32, 3 August 2024 (UTC)

== Obsolete Microsoft certification guides ==

* [[MCSE Server 2003 Certification Core Exams]] (exam 70-290 retired July 2013)
* [[Microsoft Certified IT Professional]] (exam 70-444 retired June 2011; exam 70-450 retired July 2015)
* [[Microsoft Certified Professional Developer]] (exams 70-526, 70-528, 70-529, 70-547, 70-548 retired June 2011; exams 70-290, 70-536 retired July 2013)

These books all correspond to Microsoft certification exams which were retired in 2011-2015, and consist almost entirely of lists of course objectives copied from official course materials. There's almost no original educational content in any of these three books, and it's highly unlikely that they're going to be improved, since the certification exams they correspond to are no longer offered.

(Reference for the exam retirement dates is: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/credentials/support/retired-certification-exams)

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:27, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} per the above; additionally, some of these have very little content at all. Some pages may be candidates for speedy deletion. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:38, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[GNU Autoconf]] ==

Little to no meaningful content, abandoned &gt;1 decade. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:42, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} per nom. Nothing particularly salvageable from this. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:07, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:50, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[IB Textbook Reviews]] ==

Very little meaningful educational content; seems like opinion at most? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:45, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[Kurdish]] ==

Very little content at all, no outline or potential for development; abandoned for years. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:46, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:49, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[English-Arabic dictionary]] ==

Out of scope at Wikibooks since this is already completely covered by Wiktionary. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:49, 4 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{comment}} [[English-Arabic dictionary/Colors in Arabic]] gets a nontrivial amount of traffic (~50 views/day). It'd be nice if we could at least preserve this as a redirect to an equivalent resource. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:38, 4 August 2024 (UTC)
* '''Keep''': a book selecting vocabulary into introductory groups is very different from a lexical database such as Wiktionary. In Wiktionary, one does not know where to start learning the vocabulary. Admittedly, the title gives excessively broad scope, so something should probably be done. (The argument with 50 views/day has some force.) --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:48, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Audacity]] ==

Abandoned 17 years; consists only of paltry introduction. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:43, 17 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - Audacity already has high-quality, freely licensed documentation at https://manual.audacityteam.org/ (and it's even a wiki!). [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 21:57, 3 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Java Logging]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little to no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:44, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. All indicated subpages are redlinks. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:27, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Mercury Programming]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; undeveloped (single page only); no scope or plan for expansion/future development. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:46, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The only subpage: [[Mercury Programming/Types]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:26, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Server+ Certification]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little to no meaningful content; mostly a few section headers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:48, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[NetBeans]] ==

No meaningful content; chapter list only; abandoned &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:50, 17 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. No subpages; all listed subpages are redlinks. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Valgrind]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; very little content; unclear scope; no path forward for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:52, 17 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - readers would be much better off with [https://valgrind.org/docs/manual/quick-start.html Valgrind's own quick start guide] (which is even freely licensed). [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 17:32, 18 August 2024 (UTC)

== [[Open Religion]] ==

Original research/soapbox/NPOV; abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:40, 24 August 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - out of scope religious/philosophical content similar to [[#Developing a Universal Religion]], but less developed. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:58, 25 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}}. For the record, the page starts: &quot;This project is to create an Open Source religion and philosophy, transparent and accessible to all, directed to interest all without discrimination.&quot; By the way, I would not mind instead quasi-deleting by moving to userspace of the main author so that anyone can review later what kind of material is being deleted. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:03, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Programming for the consultant]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content; no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:42, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The only subpage: [[Programming for the consultant/Approaching A New Code Base]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:24, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Metroid]] ==

Abandoned; main page only; no meaningful content; no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:44, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom; could be speedy. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:00, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Radiata Stories]] ==

Abandoned; little to no meaningful content; one page only with little content; no path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:46, 24 August 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. The one existing subpage is [[Radiata Stories/Character Recruitment]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:23, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Dialect]] ==

Scope unclear; abandoned with no plan for development; little to no meaningful content; most pages qualify for speedy anyway. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:18, 5 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:21, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Programming Text Adventures In Basic]] ==

Main page only; abandoned &gt;1 decade; little meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:17, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom, but I think a change of [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy]] is needed so that we can delete useless stubs abandoned for a long time. The nominated page cannot be of any use as is. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:59, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[UNIX Basics]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:23, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}}: no meaningful content. A bit of meaningful content is in [[Guide to Unix]]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:53, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[How to Write a Compiler]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; main page only; little meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:24, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom: almost no meaningful content. No further reading. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:54, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Script Languages Synopsis]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little content; unclear path for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:26, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 05:55, 17 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Epicurus]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. [[User:JackPotte|JackPotte]] ([[User talk:JackPotte|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JackPotte|contribs]]) 13:33, 6 October 2024 (UTC)}}
Merging with the other Epicurus page. {{unsigned|TheoYalur}}
{{end closed}}

=== [[Epicurus/On Matter - β (Περὶ φύσεως)]] ===

Merging with the other Epicurus page.

[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  I'm leaning towards this whole book being deleted. The scope and structure of this book as an educational textbook are unclear and the whole thing seems potentially like original research or an essay. Unless I've missed something, the main editor seems unresponsive to querying and is repeatedly removing the query flags. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:13, 25 September 2024 (UTC)

=={{anchor|Network+ Certification}}{{anchor|Security+ Certification}}{{anchor|A+ Certification}} CompTIA Certifications ==

[[Network+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:Network+|Wikiversity]]. 

[[Security+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:Security+ Certification|Wikiversity]]. 

[[A+ Certification]] moved and updated at [[:v:A+ Certification|Wikiversity]]. 

De-duplicating work across Wikimedia. Subpages should all be deleted as well. Might be worth leaving a redirect to WV for future users. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 21:02, 15 September 2024 (UTC)

:I centralized at Wikiversity since the projects (as of now) are compendiums of links and resources based on the listed objectives of each exam, sometimes with explicitly suggested 'activities'. Very little in the way of 'book'-like exposition. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 21:06, 15 September 2024 (UTC)
:Thought about leaving a {{tlx|MovedToWikiversity}} but that template has been deleted in the past. [[User:Tule-hog|Tule-hog]] ([[User talk:Tule-hog|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tule-hog|contribs]]) 02:52, 3 October 2024 (UTC)
::If all the content has indeed moved over to Wikiversity, I'm not sure we need to keep these here, especially given their quality. Cheers –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:18, 12 November 2024 (UTC)

== Wikiversal generated pages ==

* [[Wiki Assistant]]
* [[User Page Builder]]
*: Inexplicably, the links on the main page of this book all point to pages under [[:w:User:Hazel45onnie/User Page Builder]] '''on the English Wikipedia'''. I'm nominating those pages for deletion on enwiki as a separate process ([[:w:Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikiversuite pages|here]]).
* [[WikiverSuite/Wikiversant/Gunport Builder Demo 1]]
* [[Wiki Tutorial]]
*: Some of the internal links in this book are written as if the book is named [[Tutorial]] instead of [[Wiki Tutorial]]. You may have to use [[Special:Prefixindex/Wiki Tutorial]] to read through the whole thing.

These books were all generated using Wikiversal, a third-party wiki editing tool written by [[User:Planotse]] which is no longer downloadable. Many of them contain broken internal links or other outdated content (like references to Wikiversity being a subproject of Wikibooks), and the HTML-heavy markup generated by Wikiversal makes them unreasonably difficult to edit.

(As as aside, the markup used for these &quot;presentations&quot; is completely broken on the mobile site, e.g. [https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/User_Page_Builder]. For some reason, the forward/back buttons are invisible, making it impossible to navigate from page to page.)

The first three books are all instructions on how to use Wikiversal itself. Since it's no longer available, they are of no use. The fourth, while described as a &quot;Wiki tutorial&quot;, primarily instructs users to use Wikiversal to build pages on the wiki; its main page should probably be redirected to [[Using Wikibooks]] as a much more comprehensive resource.

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:44, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
::It isn't inexplicable that these pages and links are on the English Wikipedia.  The spammers who developed these pages were primarily trying to peddle software for use on the English Wikipedia.  Their pages on the English Wikipedia are also pending deletion as misusing Wikipedia for web hosting.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:46, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
:::Based on the name and some of the user's (now deleted) activity on Wikiversity, I think the software was actually intended primarily for use on Wikibooks and/or Wikiversity. Why they decided to host some of its documentation on Wikipedia is a mystery. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:52, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
::::It isn't worth trying to explain the behavior of spammers.  Sometimes the explanation is stupidity and greed.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 23:05, 22 September 2024 (UTC)
::&lt;del&gt;I haven't yet looked at the deletion request here.  I am primarily an English Wikipedia editor, just as [[User:Omphalographer]] is primarily a Commons editor.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:46, 22 September 2024 (UTC)&lt;/del&gt;
*'''Delete All''' - Spam.  These books were created twelve years ago to peddle software to new users.  This was an abuse of Wikimedia for commercial purposes.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 18:51, 22 September 2024 (UTC)

== [[PlanoTse Handbook for Job Search Automation]] ==

Much like the Wikiversal pages nominated above, this book is documentation for a piece of self-authored software by [[User:Planotse]] which is no longer available for download. I can't find any substantial references to this software anywhere online outside of this book itself, so it seems highly unlikely to be useful to anyone.

[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:49, 20 September 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  per the above. If the software is not currently available and was never widely available or notable previously, I don't see why keeping it is useful, even for historicity. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:36, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' - This is more spam by a spammer.  [[User:Robert McClenon|Robert McClenon]] ([[User talk:Robert McClenon|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Robert McClenon|contribs]]) 23:17, 22 September 2024 (UTC)

== [[Roblox WF Wars]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:22, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
No textual content at all, just a couple of tables of data. I can't find any other information online about this game; for all we know, it may not even exist. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:30, 20 September 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  as stated above. The content is so minimal, and the scope is not defined. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:32, 20 September 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}}, including 4 subpages. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:20, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Salute, Jonathan!]] and its translations ==

: [[Alo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Bune Ğonatan!]]
: [[Dag, Jonathan!]]
: [[Glidis, o Jonathan!]]
: [[Hai, Jon!]]
: [[Hallo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Haloo, Jonatan!]]
: [[Hay, Jonathan!]]
: [[Hej, Jonathan! (Germanisch)]]
: [[Hej, Jonathan!]]
: [[Hela, Jonathan!]]
: [[Holo, Jonathan!]]
: [[Oila, Jonatan!]]
: [[Salam, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salom, Jonatan!]]
: [[Salu, Jon!]]
: [[Salut Jonathan!]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salut, Jonathan! (Interocidental)]]
: [[Salut, Jonathan!]]
: [[Salut, ionatano!]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan! (Novlingue)]]
: [[Salute, Jonathan! (Romanica)]]
: [[Saluto, Jonathan! (Ido)]]
: [[Saluto, Jonathan!]]
: [[Sesan Jon!]]
: [[Simi, Jonathan!]]
: [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]
: [[Terve, Jonathan!]]
: [[Toki a, jan Jonatan!]]
: [[Àlŏ, Jonathan!]]
: [[Òla, Ionatà!]]

There are a couple of issues here:

# Beyond their introductions, all of these books are written in languages which are not English, making them out of scope for the English Wikibooks.
# All but one of these books are in fact written in constructed languages, most of them in recently created conlangs. In some cases (e.g. [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]), I can't find any reliable sources describing the target language outside of the translation itself.
# Most of the translations (i.e. other than [[Salute, Jonathan!]] itself) were abandoned within the first five or so chapters (out of 100); none of them are complete, and there seems to be little effort to complete any of them.

While I recognize that this is an unusual project, and potentially one which could have some value, it's not at all clear to me that the English Wikibooks is the right place for it. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:24, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:I'm really not sure what to do about these ones. While I recognize that this approach is certainly one method of teaching a language, I'm not sure that it constitutes an educational textbook. We do require that the English Wikibooks be written in English—for language-learning books, this typically means that the instructional parts are in English while the exercises are in the language being taught. I do think that if the language doesn't have much supporting evidence outside the book itself, it can safely be deleted. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:01, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:Author of the book here. I originally wanted to put it in the Interlingue Wikibooks https://ie.wikibooks.org/wiki/Principal_p%C3%A1gine but it somehow got locked when I wasn't paying attention and so I ended up putting it here. Getting it unlocked requires going through the process of starting an Incubator and all the rest so I opted for here and then started putting some English-only content once it was done. It's sort of in the same vein as books like Lingua Latina per se Illustrata that have separate versions with teacher notes and whatnot. [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]] After it was done the auxlang community really took to it which was a nice surprise. I think Ido has the largest number of chapters at the moment at 15.
:If the vast content of this book could be used to justify a quick reopening of the Interlingue Wikibooks to move it there, I'd love to do that. I imagine that an incubator with 100+ book chapters would be enough to open a Wikibooks and that's what this is.
:[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:02, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:Ah, I just realized that we do have a proposal to reopen the Interlingue Wikibooks: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikibooks_Interlingue along with an Incubator page here. https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wb/ie/Principal_p%C3%A1gine
:How easy would it be to migrate the entirety of Salute Jonathan to there? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:30, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]]! I'm not sure how incubator projects work, but I fully support migrating these books there. You may want to inquire over there and link to this discussion to support your request to move the content over there. Cheers! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:16, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:::Hi!
:::Actually I have a third idea to propose after thinking about this again today (haven't been here much since I finished the book): I noticed that there is more English content than I remember and that might make it an awkward fit for the Interlingue Wikibooks. I definitely agree that having all the auxlang translations for new auxlang projects goes well beyond the scope of this Wikibooks. Finally, there are some auxlangs that are notable with their own Wikipedias.
:::So the idea is the following:
:::1 Leave the original here and I can continue the work on the version with English notes and grammar. That will make it the same as Lingua Latina per se Illustrata, English by the Nature Method, Athenaze and all the rest.
:::2 The Interlingua one can move to the Interlingua Wikibooks (maybe Romanica too if they want as it is sort of a dialect of Interlingua).
:::3 For Ido and Lingua Franca Nova which have a Wikipedia but not a Wikibooks, I'm a little bit unsure...technically they could have their own version like the original one but would require English explanations. I could let them know and see if they are willing to do so and see what they think (work on adding English to the books vs. move the content elsewhere).
:::4 The rest can move to a Github repo, then be deleted, and the front page of this book can have a single link to the repo.
:::Any thoughts on that? Adding the extra English content will be easy as it is my book and I know it inside and out. Edit: [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Salute,_Jonathan!/Grammar_(pronouns) this page] I just added. 
:::[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 13:50, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
::::Thanks for taking the time to consider this! Here are my responses/questions:
::::* Is the original [[Salute, Jonathan!]] (Occidental)? Since that one is quite fleshed out, I agree that if you edit it so the primary language of the book (e.g. headers, instructions, etc) are written in English while leaving the actual story in Occidental, it would be okay and fit in more with instructional language textbooks.
::::* For your points 2 and 3, I'm not sure how those other projects work, so I'll leave it up to them. I'm not quite sure why they would need to move, since in theory they could be revised with English as the language of instruction? Although, they have been left incomplete for a long time.
::::* For your point 4, I have no problem with that.
::::Cheers! –[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:51, 29 September 2024 (UTC)
:::::Hello again,
:::::It's the weekend so I have a bit more time to work on this. I've decided to merge the extra content from the following five chapters since the difference is fairly small and the original chapters should now have this English content. Could you delete these five pages now that they are no longer needed? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 2 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 3 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 4 - with notes]]
:::::[[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 5 - with notes]] [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
::::::[[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:34, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::::Hi again! No luck trying to find a home for the random language translations on other auxlang wikis, can't find one that is actively maintained.
:::::::The thought struck me that maybe I could just put those ones on a sub page of my user page, would that be permitted? If not, I think I'll just stick them somewhere in GitHub and call it a day since none of the people who started the translations seem to care enough to do anything about them. I'd rather not see them outright disappear but since they aren't mine I don't care enough about them to do much more work than copy and paste them somewhere.
:::::::(I would leave the ones in languages with an ISO-639 code and Wikipedia here, of course)
:::::::[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:13, 9 November 2024 (UTC)
::::::::Thank you for checking! I don't personally see an issue with moving them to your user space right now. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:21, 9 November 2024 (UTC)
:::::::::Thanks a lot! I've started a single page where I will put them all here [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] and will proceed slowly due to lack of time and also to avoid stepping on any toes / asking you to delete too much at a time and possibly deleting the wrong content.
:::::::::For this week I have put the content for the languages Audia, Cristianès, Guosa, Lingaust, Mini, Mirad, and Monav on that page as they all have a single page of content and didn't take much time to move. Please delete those. Once they are gone I will add a note on the main page letting people know where they have gone (in addition to a thank you for their interest in the book! I do love how many people have recognized it as a good source material for teaching a language). [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 04:09, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
::Keep. Content of educational value that helps learn languages. I think more translations to natural languages should be produced. -[[User:Bronto Rex|Bronto Rex]] ([[User talk:Bronto Rex|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Bronto Rex|contribs]]) 14:02, 11 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Wooden Boats: Building and Repair]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; a few pages, but each has only a few lines of text. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:46, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Stellar Scintillation]] ==

Extremely narrow scope that I don't think is quite book-worthy, especially given the low amount of content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:48, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Future Teachers Meet Wiki]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:26, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned; scope doesn't seem right for Wikibooks; underdeveloped. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:50, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this feels like it was an attempt to use Wikibooks to organize a university project and collect student writings; even if it had made more progress, it's not clear that the outcome would have been a textbook. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:42, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}}, including 5 subpages. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:25, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[IB Spanish]] ==

Abandoned 2 decades; seems like an idea for a book that was never actually implemented (minimal meaningful content) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:55, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Luxembourgish]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:23, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned; only non-main page is a list of movies—otherwise no meaningful content [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:56, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
* {{del}} per nom. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:25, 17 October 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Data Recovery]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:27, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Seems out of scope for an educational book; a couple paragraphs at most with no plan for development —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:58, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this is a worthy topic, but what's written here meanders between being vague and being actively bad advice. (The &lt;code&gt;strings&lt;/code&gt; command is not an appropriate data recovery tool.) [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:14, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:27, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Competitive Programming]] ==

Survived deletion previously on the justification that it could potentially be expanded, but it's since been over a decade with no improvement; extremely minimal educational content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:03, 7 October 2024 (UTC)

== Pages by [[User:TheoYalur]] ==

* [[Henri Poincaré Reader]]
* [[The Sight and Sound of the Greek Genocide Around the Kültürpark in Izmir]]
* [[God Disorder]]

These pages all appear to be personal essays, not educational texts. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 03:53, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
:They are all original research. The editor asked to be unblocked so they could move to Wikiversity where OR is permitted. As they have now returned to creating these dubious pages, I have blocked them again and deleted the most recent creation as out of scope original research. The &quot;reader&quot; might be acceptable. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:37, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
::Thanks @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]]! I'm not sure about [[Henri Poincaré Reader]] since it has NPOV issues and it reads like a self-published essay piece with personal hypothesizing/opinion/research, no references, etc. Its educational scope is still somewhat unclear, as is the structure—it does not seem textbook-like in form or style. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 15:43, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
:::You spent more time reading it than me I suspect. I only skimmed it, but I am sure you are right that it has the same issues as the other creations and should be deleted. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 16:14, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
::::With regard to the &quot;Reader&quot;, at best it's a collection of loosely translated excerpts of texts which, for the most part, already have quality translations available on Wikisource. For instance, the section [[Henri Poincaré Reader#The Measure of Time (1898)]] is already translated as [[:s:The Foundations of Science/The Value of Science/Chapter 2]]. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 20:39, 14 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[User:גני טווילרי]] ==
Please delete a redirection page of the former user page, which was not active in the En Wikibooks. Thank you. [[User:לובר|לובר]] ([[User talk:לובר|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/לובר|contribs]]) 02:15, 16 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{re|לובר}} {{done}} though in the future please use {{tl|speedy}} for such deletions. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:53, 16 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management]] ==

As best I can tell, this was intended at one point to be an internal resource for employees of an ODU (Old Dominion University) career office; what little of it exists is primarily focused on minutae irrelevant to anyone outside that office, like [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management/Get Oriented/How we do it|who to email to schedule an information session]] or a collection of [[Cyber Guide to ODU Career Management/Get Up-to-Date/CAP Meeting|meeting notes]]. It's also all been essentially untouched since 2007. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:49, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:[[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  per stated reasoning —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:11, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Golf]] ==

Extremely minimal content; educational/book scope is unclear; abandoned for &gt;1 decade. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:15, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Counterterror Joint Command]] ==

Unclear how this falls into WB scope—doesn't seem to be an educational book, and educational scope is undefined; abandoned as well —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:17, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - this is perplexing; it's written like a policy proposal on behalf of an agency, not a textbook. From context I ''think'' it's about the [[:w:National Police Agency (Taiwan)]], but it's entirely unclear whether this was intended as an official report or some sort of weird fan fiction. Either way, it doesn't belong here. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:31, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Flight Attendant Manual]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; consists only of a list of country codes and the phonetic alphabet. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:19, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[History of the ODU Art Department]] ==

A collection of fragmentary biographies and interviews of members of the ODU (Old Dominion University) art department. Some of these are individually interesting, I guess, but they don't really add up to a history of the department, let alone to an instructional text. Most editing activity appears to have been around 2008-09; there's almost no activity since then. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:22, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Understanding the National Certificate of Educational Achievement]] ==

Scope unclear; very little content; abandoned &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:30, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Release Management]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; very little content; unclear what its scope as a book is —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:11, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Management for IT Professionals]] ==

Minimal content; book scope unclear; abandoned almost 2 decades —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:13, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Living in Bangkok]] ==

Minimal content; consists of single chapter that contains likely outdated information —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:14, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Limburgish]] ==

Abandoned; single chapter with minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:19, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
:In general, I think deletion not solve anything. While the contents is minimal, it's still better than nothing at all. Rather, an invitation should be made to expand on it. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ooswesthoesbes|contribs]]) 06:27, 19 October 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|Ooswesthoesbes]]! While I understand your perspective, I unfortunately disagree. Wikibooks has a huge number of abandoned stubs like this one, which I think results in clutter and makes the entire project less useful as a result. Due to their nature and structure, books require a greater committed investment to make than, say, WP articles, and these little scraps are rarely developed here. This book has had plenty of opportunity for expansion since you started it over a decade ago, but nobody has actually made any effort to do so. Based on the evidence from the past decade, when weighing the likelihood of the book being properly developed going forward versus the active negative impact of its continued presence in this state, I favor deletion. Moreover, in the rare case that someone came along later and wanted to revive this book specifically, it could be undeleted. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:55, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Introduction to BASIC]] ==

Consists only of a few paragraphs and then a compilation of links —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:22, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[International Baccalaureate]] ==

Not actually a book in and of itself; rather, it is just a compilation of links to other books —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:24, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[HP Media Vault]] ==
{{closed|Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:29, 24 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Book-like scope is unclear; very minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:35, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - how-to content isn't necessarily out of scope, but this only describes how to perform a single (fairly straightforward) task, for a product which has been off the market for ~15 years and is unlikely to be of interest to future editors. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 01:02, 20 October 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} [[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:29, 24 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[GUI Design Principles]] ==

Single page that was never properly integrated into a book as it should have been —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:37, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' I guess, if you say so Kitty. I am not a regular and don't know the standards here, I will trust you. I brought this over only because it had been an English Wikipedia article, was taken to Articles for Discussion, and the decision was to move it to Wikibooks, which I did. It's your baby now and you don't have to take the English Wikipedia's detritus, so do as you think best. [[User:Herostratus|Herostratus]] ([[User talk:Herostratus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Herostratus|contribs]]) 03:53, 17 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Basketball]] ==

Abandoned almost 2 decades; doesn't contain much beyond what you'd find in a WP article —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:41, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:I love the game, but yes, this has no real content. That said, there's little danger in keeping it and it could plausibly be improved, so I'm '''weak keep'''. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:33, 3 November 2024 (UTC)
*{{vd}} We can't just rely on [[User:Someone Else]] to come – and on a project as small as this, that [[User:Someone Else]] is more or less never likely to come. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 10:33, 24 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Bug Free Programming]] ==

Unclear how exactly this constitutes an educational book; scope is unclear —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:45, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Wow, I didn't even remember this one. I think it's perfectly clear how this is educational and the scope couldn't be clearer, either, but I'm not going to finish it so go ahead and delete it. [[User:Főszerkesztő Úr|Főszerkesztő Úr]] ([[User talk:Főszerkesztő Úr|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Főszerkesztő Úr|contribs]]) 12:35, 23 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Character List for Baxter&amp;Sagart]] ==

Seems completely out of scope as an educational book; it's just a list of characters and outlinks —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:53, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Adding [[Character List for Karlgren's GSR]] and [[Character List for Schuessler's CGSR]] for the same reason —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:55, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:These three books do make a package and I agree they should be considered together. However, I strongly object to deleting them. They are really extremely useful resources. I use them every week and I know that many people who do work on Old Chinese phonology do so. There are lots of books out there that are lists of characters, these are called dictionaries. For example Axel Schuessler's ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, or Pulleyblank's Lexicon of Reconstructed Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, Late Middle Chinese, and Early Mandarin. I see it as entirely a good thing for reference works of this kind to be available free online rather than only in expensive books in university research libraries. If this is in violation of a Wikibooks policy, I would at least like that policy to be drawn to my attention and to have some constructive comment offered about which Wikiproject such a resource should fall under. I will also say on a personal note that I have put literally hundreds of hours of work into these projects and it would grieve me a lot to see this work simply vanish, in particular when I know that colleagues around the world use these books. --[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 07:27, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]], and thank you for the feedback! Official Wikibooks policy does not permit standalone dictionaries (see [[WB:DICT]]), though I understand the argument that it is a useful resource. I am wondering if there might be a home for it at [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers|Wiktionary]] or [[Wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]]? Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:14, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:::The policy says to use Wiktionary, but these books cannot be moved there. In fact they link there, you can understand me as having made an index to wiktionary, if you like, where the ORDER of the characters is extremely important, information that would be lost in Wiktionary. 
:::Wikiversity is not a project I participate in, and in any event my books here are older than it, so this option was not available for me at the relevant moment. If you are offering to move my books to Wikiversity, that is very kind of you and I will very graciously accept. [[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 14:10, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::::I have pinged over at Wikiversity Colloquium to ask about suitability and have looped you into the conversation over there. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:20, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:Per [[:v:Wikiversity:Colloquium#Import_Resource_From_Wikibooks?]], I recommend copying and pasting, including attribution via the edit summary and talk page, add appropriate categories and links, and then it could be deleted locally. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:32, 3 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Citroën XM]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; very minimal content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:57, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Happiness]] ==

Significant NPOV issues; not much content; abandoned for &gt;1 decade —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:58, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Islamic Studies Grade 1]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade with very little content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:03, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - the table of contents makes it clear that this book was intended to house POV religious content (e.g. a chapter titled &quot;Allah Is The One&quot;). This is incompatible with [[WB:NPOV]]. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 01:12, 20 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[Suomen kieli käyttöön]] ==

Multiple pages in this book are written entirely in Finnish, which is out of the enWB scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:09, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:I was going to say whether we should ask any fiwikibooks sysop to maybe see if this could be transwikied to fiwb if it's within the scope there. But [[:fi:Toiminnot:Käyttäjät/sysop]] indicates that there are only 3 sysops, and only {{u|Anr}} and {{u|Zache}} have made edits this ''year''. If they deem it to be salvageable, then transwiki + delete, otherwise straight-up delete. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:24, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
::It seems that the idea behind the book was for the pages to be bilingual, as it’s a language learning book. That’s why there are Finnish texts included intentionally even on the pages that are complete. There are similar books in dewikibooks and ruwikibooks as well. For the English version, I think the easiest way to proceed would be to clean up and adjust the page layout to fit enwikibooks better, and then translate the missing parts. By the way, if anyone wants to update the book’s name in English, it can be titled ''&quot;Using the Finnish Language&quot;'' or ''&quot;Put Finnish Language into Use&quot;'' for a direct translation.   [[User:Zache|Zache]] ([[User talk:Zache|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Zache|contribs]]) 11:57, 14 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Austrian German]] ==
{{closed|1=Deleted. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:21, 14 November 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned almost 2 decades; scope not well outlined, main page only; minimal content insufficient for book. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:18, 24 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} + comments on the page, like &quot;[Austrian German] is much more mild, liberal and melodious unlike the German in Germany which is harsh, arrogant and even somewhat mastering&quot;, are confusing and I fail to see the need to keep such an underdeveloped &quot;book&quot;. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 19:47, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
::{{done}} --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:20, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Several pages in [[Hobo tourism]] and [[Hobo travel journalism]] ==

The following pages are entirely self-promotional content that is suitable for a blog but not WB (same contributor made the [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Various pages in Basics of fine-art photography|now-deleted pages from above]]).

* [[Hobo tourism/Third creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Third African trip]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Visiting Death]]
* [[Hobo tourism/One day in an Afghan prison]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Around the world with empty pockets]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Indian dreams]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Two months of wandering and 14 days behind bars]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Holiday of wandering mzungu]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Afghan prisoner]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Two hundred days in Latin America]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Mongolian huyvaldagch]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Six months by islands... and countries]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Viktor Pinchuk's expedition to the Islands of Oceania]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Viktor Pinchuk's solo expedition to Africa (2017/18)]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Latin American expedition of Viktor Pinchuk]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Bum tour of winter Japan]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Afghan Expedition of Viktor Pinchuk]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Second creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Creative trip to Mongolia]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Creative trip to India]]
* [[Hobo tourism/First creative trip of Viktor Pinchuk to Africa]]
* [[Hobo tourism/Tropical fever in the bum tour (an example from practice)]]
* [[Hobo tourism/African Robbery]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/With a backpack around the planet (rubric in the newspaper “Southern Capital”)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Returning from distant wanderings (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Republic of Crimea&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Wind of wanderings (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Crimean Time&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Around the World (rubric in the newspaper &quot;Crimean Observer&quot;)]]
* [[Hobo travel journalism/Travel notes (rubric in the ProX magazine)]]
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:01, 24 October 2024 (UTC)

:{{vd}} - I would support deleting the entire book, not just these chapters. Even aside from the self-promotional content listed above, other chapters give some ''extremely questionable'' advice on sleeping arrangements, such as:
:* Trespassing on private property ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In halls and stairwells]]; [[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/On objects under construction]])
:* Sleeping inside archaeological sites ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In the ancient pyramid]])
:* Harassing locals if they don't let you into their house ([[Hobo tourism/Overnight stays in long intercontinental journeys/In Aboriginal dwellings]] - &quot;independently knock on any dwelling, asking for a place under a canopy in the yard; with a negative result, repeating the action repeatedly&quot;)
:[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:45, 25 October 2024 (UTC)
:{{vd}} Agree with above. Delete all.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 03:38, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

::These articles have many internal links from English-language Wikinews. Removing the material would harm the news articles and the project as a whole. — [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 15:55, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Hi @[[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]]—while I understand your concern, I'm fairly certain that being linked to is not an acceptable justification in policy or otherwise for content that is inappropriate for Wikibooks in the first place. If that were the case, vandalism or other inappropriate material could be kept simply because it is linked to somewhere else. If consensus says that these pages don't belong at Wikibooks due to the unsuitability of the content, I think that decision will stand independently. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:28, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

:::Vandalism is a harmful and unproductive change for the project. But what is reviewed by administrators (precisely administrators, not one administrator) of English-language news cannot be compared to vandalism. Such an example is inappropriate. — [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 19:11, 10 November 2024 (UTC)
:::Then that is an issue which Wikinews can deal with. Wikibooks is its own project, and can make its own decisions about the suitability of content. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:06, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

::::Wikibooks is harming Wikinews, and that's its problem. Well, that's fine. &lt;br&gt;However, I want to say that any paper textbook can be supplemented with optional material containing examples on the topic from the author's personal practice.  It can be published as a separate brochure or included in a paper textbook. Who wants to — reads, does not want — does not read.They probably haven't heard about it in the English section...— [[User:Виктор Пинчук|Виктор Пинчук]] ([[User talk:Виктор Пинчук|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Виктор Пинчук|contribs]]) 16:32, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
::::: Это живой и рабочий проект, Виктор. И вы разговариваете с двумя администраторами. Ваши самопиарки поудаляют вскорости, смиритесь. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:45, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
: {{vd}} I put [[:ru:wb:К_удалению/Июль_2023#статьи_из_Категория:Книги_русского_путешественника_Виктора_Пинчука_--|half of these articles on ruBooks for deletion a year ago]]. Alas, ruBooks are more dead than alive. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 19:45, 12 November 2024 (UTC)

== files from Phoenix Wright ==

Used for decorative, not educational, purposes ([[WB:NFCC]]#8): [[:File:AAIME Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:PWAAJFA episode1.png]], [[:File:PW JFA Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:Gyakuten Kenji 2 Official Artwork.png]], [[:File:AJ officialart.jpg]], [[:File:PW T&amp;T Official Artwork.jpg]], [[:File:SMB2 dream staircase art.jpg]]. 

Galleries ([[WB:NFCC]]#3): [[:File:Moonflow 27.jpg]], [[:File:Macalania 18.jpg]], [[:File:Chauncey LM.jpg]] , [[:File:King Boo LM.jpg]], [[:File:Boolossus LM.jpg]]. — Ирука&lt;sup&gt;[[user:Iruka13|13]]&lt;/sup&gt; 16:22, 30 October 2024 (UTC)

:My thoughts below:
:* [[:File:AAIME Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PWAAJFA episode1.png]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PW JFA Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:Gyakuten Kenji 2 Official Artwork.png]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:AJ officialart.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:PW T&amp;T Official Artwork.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:SMB2 dream staircase art.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol delete vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Delete'''  purely decorative
:* [[:File:Moonflow 27.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  low resolution and seems to be illustrating something
:* [[:File:Macalania 18.jpg]] Uncertain
:* [[:File:Chauncey LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:* [[:File:King Boo LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:* [[:File:Boolossus LM.jpg]] [[Image:Symbol keep vote.svg|15px|link=|alt=]] '''Keep'''  seems to be actually illustrating something
:Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:12, 30 October 2024 (UTC)

== [[A Summary of Theology and Thought in Messianic Judaism]] ==

Abandoned &gt;1 decade; little to no meaningful content —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:25, 13 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[SEAWORLD CHRISTMAS CELEBRATION 2021-PRESENT]] ==

CSD contested by author twice--reasons given were &quot;Test page&quot; and &quot;No useful content.&quot; Courtesy pings: {{u|Xeverything11}}, {{u|Ternera}}. [[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] ([[User talk:JJPMaster|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|contribs]]) 22:54, 27 November 2024 (UTC)

:{{not done|Not undeleted}} What the IP created is out-of-scope for Wikibooks. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 08:17, 28 November 2024 (UTC)
::[[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} I'm pretty sure this was a delete request, and it was brought here because the original editor kept removing the speedy deletion tag! I already completed it :) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:29, 29 November 2024 (UTC)
:::&lt;span class=&quot;template-ping&quot;&gt;@[[:User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], [[:User:SHB2000|SHB2000]]:&lt;/span&gt; Yeah, I didn't want to edit war over keeping the CSD tag, so I RfD'd it to play it safe. [[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] ([[User talk:JJPMaster|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|contribs]]) 18:32, 30 November 2024 (UTC)
::::oh, right cool – cheers for making a request here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 19:26, 30 November 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0xm3x5zmxbfsmcj5s1g4w89j62qt2w8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>General Biology/Classification of Living Things/Eukaryotes/Fungi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2185</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448820</id>
      <parentid>3203364</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:50:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448820</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5388" sha1="g6olrlvrvx5cyuw2lp4l89ofyqxwpaz" xml:space="preserve">==Introduction==

Although you may not recognise fungi, they are just as prevalent as plants and animals. Their spores are in the air which we breathe, fungi allow us to make bread, and mushrooms (a type of fungi) are eaten by us.
A few types of fungi are unicellular. For example, yeasts live as individual oval or cylindrical cells. However, the majority of fungi are multicellular. Their bodies are composed of '''hyphae''', a network of fine filaments. In a mushroom, the hyphae are densely packed so it is difficult to see the individual structures when a mushroom is eaten. However, a mushroom is only a specialised reproductive part of the whole fungus. The main part of the fungi is underground in a whole web of hyphae, called a '''mycelium'''. 

In the mycelium, each fungal cell is separated from each other by a septum. Each fungal cell may have one or more nuclei and remains connected to the mycelium because the septa are porous, allowing cytoplasm to flow through the hyphae and fungal cell walls, made of a hard material called '''chitin'''. Some fungi do not have septa, and they appear to be large, branching, multinucleate cells.

==Nutrition==

Fungi are '''saprophytes'''. When they find a source of food (e.g. dead wood, orange peel) , they decompose it and digest it. The enzymes break down larger organic molecules in the substrate into smaller molecules. These smaller molecules diffuse into the fungus, where they are used to allow growth and repair. 

Fungi which feed on living cells are parasitic. For example, athlete's foot grows on the human foot.  These kinds of fungi produce hyphae called '''haustoria''', which can penetrate host cells without immediately killing them. 

However, they are friendlier species of fungi. Many fungi live symbiotically with plants or animals. For example, most trees have fungi living in close contact with their roots. In this relationship, known as a '''mycorrhiza''', there are many benefits:

*Growing around the plant roots and often entering plant cells, the hyphae absorb minerals from the soil and release them in the roots. The fungi gets its source of food (organic nutrients) while delivering food to the plant.

*The mycelium here would increase the surface area, thus the absorptive surface, of the plant roots.

*The fungal cells help to maintain air and water flow in the soil around the roots. 

*The fungi may prevent other potentially pathogenic fungi to attack the tree.

==Fungal Reproduction==

Fungi can reproduce in two ways. Firstly, they may asexually produce through '''fragmentation'''. This occurs when pieces of hyphae are broken off, which then grow into new mycelia.

The second method is by spores. Spores are lightweight structures and windblown designed to be transported over long distances and by many mediums, such as on the bodies of insects and birds. They are additionally light enough to be blown away for hundreds of kilometers. Spores may be asexual and sexual. Their sexual properties can be analysed to classify the four phylla of fungi.

==Types of Fungi==

===Zygospore Fungi (Zygomycetes)===

This phylum includes bread molds and other saprotrophs. Comparable to bacteria, this phylum prefers asexual reproduction over sexual reproduction.

1. Two haploid hyphae of opposite types, also known as '''mating strain +''' and '''mating strain -''', combine and fuse together.

2. '''Plasmogamy''', the union of the two parent hyphae, occurs and results in the creation of a heterokaryotic (n + n) '''zygosporangium or zygospore'''. Note that the zygospore is NOT diploid yet; the haploid nuclei are simply clumped together.

3. Immediately, a thick wall develops around the zygospore to protect it from drying and other hazards. The zygospore becomes dormant.

4. When conditions are favourable, the zygospore absorbs water and undergoes '''karyogamy''' (n + n = 2n), where the haploid nuclei contributed by the two parents fuse to produce diploid zygosporangia. 

5. The now diploid zygosporangium then undergoes meiosis to form haploid sporangia.

6. Through asexual reproduction of fungi (See above for more information), the spores from the sporangia germinate and grow into new mycelia.

7. Back to step #1.

===Club Fungi (Basidiomycetes)===

This phylum increases mushrooms and shelf fungi. In many ways, the reproduction stages of this phylum is similar to that of zygomycetes. 

1. Two haploid hyphae of opposite types, also known as '''mating strain +''' and '''mating strain -''', combine and fuse together.

2. Plasmogamy takes place, and a dikaryotic mycelium forms. The dikaryotic mycelium grows faster than the haploid parental mycelia.

3. Environmental factors cause the dikaryotic mycelium to form compact masses which develop into '''basidiocarps''', short-lived reproductive structures. An example is the mushroom. 

4. The basidiocarp gills are lined with terminal dikaryotic cells called '''basidia''', which then undergo karyogamy. 

5. The basidia are now diploid. They undergo meiosis to develop haploid '''basidiospores''', a term referring to a basidiomycete's spores. 

6. Still remaining on the basidiocarp, the haploid basidiospores eject, fall from the basidiocarp, and are dispersed by the wind when mature.

7. In a favourable environment, the basidiospores germinate and grow into short-lived haploid mycelia.

8. Back to Step #1.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>g6olrlvrvx5cyuw2lp4l89ofyqxwpaz</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:No-Bake Chocolate Chip Cookie Pie</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>4153</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448947</id>
      <parentid>4437417</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:46:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448947</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1385" sha1="7swr208aaxkyq5xzwtro6ku795kggdd" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Dessert recipes
| Servings = 8
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Dessert|Dessert]]

This recipe for '''no-bake chocolate chip cookie pie''' is quite easy, as it doesn't require cooking.

==Ingredients==
*1 package (15–18 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]]/450 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]]) [[Cookbook:Chocolate Chip Cookies|chocolate chip cookies]] (recipe uses 26 cookies)
*1 [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] (240 [[Cookbook:Milliliter|ml]]) [[Cookbook:Milk|milk]]
*1 ea. (9 oz/270 g) commercial [[Cookbook:Graham Cracker|graham cracker]] [[Cookbook:Pie Crust|pie crust]] (&quot;extra serving&quot; or &quot;deep dish&quot; size)
*1 container (8 oz/240 g) container frozen [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]], thawed

==Procedure==
#Dip 8 cookies in milk, then place in a single layer in graham cracker crust. Top with one-third of the whipped topping.
#Repeat the above step so that you have a total of 3 layers of cookies and whipped topping.
#Crumble 2 chocolate chip cookies, and sprinkle over pie.
#Cover and chill for 8 hours before serving. 

[[Category:Dessert recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Chocolate recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Pie and tart recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Cookie recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Graham cracker recipes]]
[[Category:Crumb crust recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Homemade Peanut Butter</title>
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        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
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      <comment>more content, format</comment>
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      <text bytes="2287" sha1="o166sonkdmtrbronm000njn7duw1uul" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Peanut recipes
| Yield = 1½ cup
| Difficulty = 1
}}

{{recipe}}

'''Peanut butter''' is a food product usually consisting of roasted and ground [[Cookbook:Peanut|peanut]]s, sometimes sweetened. It is commonly sold in grocery stores, but can be made at home. Many styles are available; the most popular are creamy (smooth) and crunchy, but honey-roasted or wholenut varieties can also be found. Creamy peanut butter is made by grinding all of the mixture very finely. The crunchier styles leave portions of the mixture with a coarser grind, resulting in larger pieces of peanut interspersed with the creamier fine ground mixture.

Used in sandwiches (particularly the classic [[Cookbook:Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich|peanut butter and jelly sandwich]]), candy (for example, Reese's Pieces), and [[Cookbook:Pastry|pastry]], it is a good source of protein, and is popular with children. For people with nut allergies, the intense concentration of nuts in peanut butter can cause fatal anaphylactic shock. Peanut butter is often contaminated with aflatoxin. 

==Ingredients==
*2 [[Cookbook:Cup|cups]] (250 g) raw shelled [[Cookbook:Peanut|peanuts]]
*1 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoons]] any natural oil, such as [[Cookbook:Vegetable oil|vegetable oil]], [[Cookbook:Peanut Oil|peanut oil]] or [[Cookbook:Rapeseed Oil|canola oil]] (optional)
*½ teaspoon white [[Cookbook:Sugar|sugar]] (optional)
*2 teaspoons [[Cookbook:Honey|honey]] (optional)
*1 [[Cookbook:Pinch|pinch]] of salt

==Procedure==
# Place [[Cookbook:Aluminium Foil|tinfoil]] on a [[Cookbook:Baking Sheet|baking pan]], add in peanuts and [[Cookbook:Baking|bake]] the peanuts at 200–350 °F for about 10 minutes.
# Let peanuts cool. You can shake the peanuts to peel its skin.
# [[Cookbook:Food Processor|Process]] or [[Cookbook:Blender|blend]] for a while. Blend to a desired consistency.
# If desired, add in oil, sugar, honey and salt. Process or blend until combined.

== Notes, tips and variations ==
* You can do this using a pestle and mortar, but it takes much longer.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/salted-peanut-butter - retrieved 2024-12-03&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:White sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Vegetable oil recipes]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
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      <comment>More</comment>
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      <text bytes="2624" sha1="tl52yxf491mta37881ou7rof7qg2q6x" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Peanut recipes
| Yield = 1½ cup
| Difficulty = 1
}}

{{recipe}}

'''Peanut butter''' is a food product usually consisting of roasted and ground [[Cookbook:Peanut|peanut]]s, sometimes sweetened. It is commonly sold in grocery stores, but can be made at home. Many styles are available; the most popular are creamy (smooth) and crunchy, but honey-roasted or wholenut varieties can also be found. Creamy peanut butter is made by grinding all of the mixture very finely. The crunchier styles leave portions of the mixture with a coarser grind, resulting in larger pieces of peanut interspersed with the creamier fine ground mixture.

Used in sandwiches (particularly the classic [[Cookbook:Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich|peanut butter and jelly sandwich]]), candy (for example, Reese's Pieces), and [[Cookbook:Pastry|pastry]], it is a good source of protein, and is popular with children. For people with nut allergies, the intense concentration of nuts in peanut butter can cause fatal anaphylactic shock. Peanut butter is often contaminated with aflatoxin. 

==Ingredients==
*2 [[Cookbook:Cup|cups]] (250 g) raw shelled [[Cookbook:Peanut|peanuts]]
*1 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoons]] any natural oil, such as [[Cookbook:Vegetable oil|vegetable oil]], [[Cookbook:Peanut Oil|peanut oil]] or [[Cookbook:Rapeseed Oil|canola oil]] (optional)
*½ teaspoon white [[Cookbook:Sugar|sugar]] (optional)
*2 teaspoons [[Cookbook:Honey|honey]] (optional)
*1 [[Cookbook:Pinch|pinch]] of salt

==Procedure==
# Place [[Cookbook:Aluminium Foil|tinfoil]] on a [[Cookbook:Baking Sheet|baking pan]], add in peanuts and [[Cookbook:Baking|bake]] the peanuts at 200–350 °F for about 10 minutes.
# Let peanuts cool. You can shake the peanuts to peel its skin.
# [[Cookbook:Food Processor|Process]] or [[Cookbook:Blender|blend]] for a while. Blend to a desired consistency. This will take around 10 minutes.
#* At first, it will be crumbly, but as you blend it comes together into a ball, and eventually it will turn smooth and creamy.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.loveandlemons.com/homemade-peanut-butter-recipe/ - retrieved 2024-12-03&lt;/ref&gt;
# If desired, add in oil, sugar, honey and salt. Process or blend until combined.

== Notes, tips and variations ==
* You can do this using a pestle and mortar, but it takes much longer.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/salted-peanut-butter - retrieved 2024-12-03&lt;/ref&gt;
* Don't worry about adding oils! Keep blending to release more oil from peanuts.

== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:White sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Vegetable oil recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Mandarin Orange Cake</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="2185" sha1="powm5q4z0mnh9zau7pj88t24zqn1upv" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__{{Recipe summary
| Category = Cake recipes
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Dessert|Dessert]] | [[Cookbook:Cake|Cake]]

'''Mandarin orange cake''' is a common low-fat cake recipe with unique variations. The cake is simple to make and does not require you to start from scratch. All the ingredients can be found at grocery stores in the United States.  

== Ingredients ==

=== Cake ===
*  1 box (15 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]] / 430 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]]) yellow [[Cookbook:Cake Mix|cake mix]]
*  1 can (11 oz / 312 g) mandarin oranges
*  3 [[Cookbook:Egg|eggs]]

=== Icing ===
*  1 box (5.1 oz / 144 g) '''instant''' vanilla pudding mix
*  1 can (20 oz / 567 g) crushed [[Cookbook:Pineapple|pineapple]]
*  1 container (12 oz / 340 g) CoolWhip or other [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]]

== Procedure ==

# Preheat [[Cookbook:Oven|oven]] to 350°F (180°C). Grease the sides and bottom of [[Cookbook:Cake Pan|cake pans]] with shortening, and [[Cookbook:Dusting|dust]] with flour.
# Pour yellow cake mix into mixing bowl. Add eggs and the mandarin oranges plus their juice. Blend until moistened, then beat for approximately 2 minutes at medium speed.
# Pour batter evenly into prepared baking pans. [[Cookbook:Baking|Bake]] approximately 30 minutes in the preheated oven or until a [[Cookbook:Skewer|toothpick]] inserted into the center comes out clean.
# Remove from oven and let the cakes cool completely.
# Scoop CoolWhip into a clean mixing bowl. Add the instant vanilla pudding mix. Drain all the pineapple juice from the can of crushed pineapples, and fold the pineapple into CoolWhip. Chill icing for about 30 minutes.
# After the cakes cool, frost each layer with your icing.

== Nutrition ==

* Each serving is approximately 275 calories with about 4–5 grams of fat.

[[Category:Cake recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Frosting and icing recipes]]
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[[Category:Pineapple recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Recipes with metric units|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Baking recipes]]
[[Category:Egg recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Cake mix recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Computers for Beginners/The Basics</title>
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      <comment>regex typo fixing (via JWB)</comment>
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      <text bytes="53498" sha1="60suzrh5bqddmptyafa89ckp11txv4k" xml:space="preserve">= What is a computer? =

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes data into information, stores information for future uses, and outputs the information whenever it is needed.

== Brief History ==
[[Image:Analog_Computing_Machine_GPN-2000-000354.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A large computer used in the 1940s.]]

Computers, by a wider definition, have been around for thousands of years. One of the earliest computers was the abacus, series of beads arranged on metal rods. Beads could be slid back and forth to operate on numbers. This was a very rudimentary device and is not commonly thought of as a computer in modern times. Our idea of computers involves electricity and electronics.

Electricity makes computers much more efficient. The first computers used an incredible amount of electricity, which changed voltages in vacuum tubes to operate the computer. These computers were given instructions using punch cards, and were behemoths, taking up entire floors of buildings. Only the more privileged universities and government facilities had access to them.

In the 1960s, the vacuum tube was replaced by the integrated circuit and  transistor. These greatly reduced the size and power consumption of computers. They were still very large by today's standards, but more institutions had access to computing power than ever before. At the end of the decade, the microchip was invented, which reduced the size of the computer even more.

By the end of the 1970s, computers were widespread in businesses. Using a computer involved typing on a terminal (a keyboard and monitor connected to a large central computer). Soon, parts became small enough to allow many users to have a computer at their home. Thus the Personal Computer, or PC, was born.

Since then, personal computers have become tremendously more efficient. They are much smaller, and yet have seen extreme performance gains. In addition to these improvements, computers have become affordable enough for many families worldwide.

= Hardware/Software =
Hardware is the stuff you can touch, as opposed to software which is abstract and exists only in a virtual world as computer code. Hardware is made of materials found in the universe and are subject to the laws of physics. Contrary to the former, software is bound only by the creator's imagination and the user's willingness to use the software.
== The Insides ==
Inside the computer case are various components that allow the computer to run.
=== CPU ===
[[File:Sockel7-cpus.JPG|right|thumb|200px|Several CPU microchips.]]
The Central Processing Unit, or CPU, does nearly all the calculating. It is the main microchip in the computer that distributes tasks to all other parts of the computer.  When most people talk about the processor, or chip, it is actually the CPU they are referring to.

=== Memory ===
RAM (Random Access Memory), commonly called just '''memory''', holds computer code that needs to be operated on quickly. This allows information held in memory to quickly interact with the CPU. The amount of RAM available is limited and therefore needs to be constantly cleared and refilled (don't worry; all computers do this automatically). RAM is just one part of the computer that determines your speed.

RAM is referred to as &quot;volatile&quot; memory because the information stored in it disappears when the power is turned off. Hard drives and flash drives, on the other hand, contain non-volatile memory, which is like paper: it can be destroyed or erased, but when properly taken care of, can last forever.

RAM is plugged into special slots on the motherboard. There is a large link (known as a bus) from the memory to the CPU. Each motherboard has a fixed number of slots for RAM - often 2 or 4 slots. Only certain types of RAM and sizes of RAM can be used with any motherboard. So before buying, check your motherboard details.

=== Hard Drive ===
[[Image:Harddisk-full.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A partially dismantled hard drive, showing the disc inside.]]
The hard drive is the main storage area in the computer. It is usually where you put your data to be stored permanently (until you choose to erase it). It keeps data after the power is turned off. The official name for a hard disk is hard disk drive (HDD), but is almost always referred to as hard drive.

Virtually all of your data is stored on your hard drive. A hard drive is composed of disk(s), where the data is recorded magnetically onto the surface, similar to records, CDs, and DVDs. The size of the hard drive (today's are usually in gigabytes) is determined by how dense (small) the recording is.  Many of today's major programs (such as games and media creating and editing programs like Photoshop) and files (such as pictures, music, or video) use a considerable amount of space. Most low-end computers, as of 2011, are shipped with a 160GB (gigabyte) or larger hard drive. In 2019, it is common to find desktop computers and laptops with 1000 GB (1 terabyte) hard drive or more. As an example, an average .mp3 file takes between 7.5 and 15 MB (megabytes) of space. A megabyte is 1/1024 of a gigabyte, thus allowing most new computers to store thousands of such files.

Users who wish to store a lot of media on a computer will want a larger hard drive. As will users who want to store numerous large programs, like modern games, or videos, which both require a lot of space. A full size film is over 4 gigabytes. Video games today are commonly downloaded but used to be distributed via DVD discs that store data, called DVD-ROM (read only memory, which can be read off the disk, but not modified). A DVD can be anywhere from 4.7 GB for a single layer disk to 8.5 GB for a double layered disk... and many large programs are already taking up more than one disk.

Another concern for users who want higher performance is hard drive speed, measured in RPM (rotations per minute). Most desktop hard drives today are 7200 RPM models. Lower end 4200 RPM models are not commonly seen in new systems (other than laptops). Higher end 10,000 RPM hard drives are generally seen only in gaming and other extremely high performance computers due to their cost. For example, a 1 TB 7200 RPM drive costs around $50 (as of January, 2017), while a 1 TB 10,000 RPM drive costs $120 or more (as of January 2017). A 1 TB SSD starts at about $250.

Hard drives are constantly increasing in size, both because technology allows, and because of demand for more storage space. For example, an Apple iMac in the late nineties shipped with a 4 GB hard drive, and sold for $1,300 US (although it should be noted that the cost alone is not indicative of the hard drive, or vice versa). A modern iMac sells for $1000 US and carries a 1 TB hard drive with a 21-inch screen and faster processor (January 2017). Compare to the original IBM PC, which carried only a 10 MB hard drive, or 10/1024 of a GB. The largest HDD in 2016 was more than 15 TB.

Many computers already have more than 2 terabytes, and within decades petabytes (thousands of terabytes) and even exobytes (thousands of petabytes) will not be unheard of.

===SSD===
The SSD, or otherwise known as a Solid State Drive, is a storage device using RAM modules instead of a spinning disk. It is like a Hard Disk Drive, but these storage devices are much faster than traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) because they don't have to spin up. The SSD can have transfer speeds up to 10x as fast because of this. They are quieter and more expensive than HDDs

== The Peripherals ==
Peripherals are hardware attached to a computer, but external to the main case that houses the CPU, Hard drives, and other such equipment.  They are basically devices that allow people to communicate to the computer. It is generally a good idea, although not as important as it used to be, to add and remove hardware from the computer while it is turned off. Things such as USB storage devices and keyboards/mice can generally be inserted and removed at a whim with no consequence, however more advanced things such as printers should be installed according to the manufacturer's instructions, which may include shutting down your computer.

=== Keyboard and Mouse ===
The keyboard and mouse are basic input devices.

====Keyboard====
[[Image:Cherry-keyboard-big-Enter.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A keyboard with a QWERTY layout.]]
The keyboard has keys that, when pressed, send information to the computer. The keyboard is the most widely used device for interacting with a desktop computer. However, the touchscreen is the most common input for phones, tablets and some laptops. The most commonly used keyboard, by far, is the QWERTY layout, which almost all keyboards sold use. This is the same layout as most typewriters sold within the last century. The second most common, but a very distant follower, is the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard. While this is technically better, the industry and consumer market as a whole has mostly rejected it.

The QWERTY keyboard was designed to prevent typewriters from jamming while keys were being pushed at a fast rate. It did this by keeping keys as far apart as possible. The Dvorak keyboard layout was designed for computers, where this is obviously not a problem, and thus places the most commonly used keys where they are easy to reach, and because of that, quicker. However, because of the popularity QWERTY had, the Dvorak keyboard layout never became popular.

It is generally advised that you use a QWERTY keyboard, as even though Dvorak users gain significantly faster typing speeds, the rarity of the layout makes it hard for people who use Dvorak to use most other computers.

Keyboards vary in appearance. Those attached to a desktop computer are frequently large with an additional number pad built in on the right side, while laptop keyboards are attached to the computer and are often much smaller. Some keyboards also offer special buttons to play music, open common programs such as the web browser or email program. These multimedia keys tend to be put above the F keys and make the keyboard bigger as a result. Smaller keyboards combine keys or shrink the keys. They are commonly used as an accessory for a laptop - a small size makes them easier to travel with.

There are wired and wireless keyboards (and mice). Wired keyboards usually plug into a USB slot. Older style keyboards use the PS2 socket at the back of a desktop. (PS2 to USB adapters are available). Wireless keyboards work by Bluetooth, Infrared (IR) or Radio frequency (RF). Bluetooth is built into most laptops so a Bluetooth keyboard or mouse can connect with no extra equipment. Most desktops do not have bluetooth built in but a USB Bluetooth key can be used to add it. RF keyboards and mice need a receiver plugged into the computer, the transmitter is usually built into the keyboard or mouse.

====Mouse====
[[Image:Wheel_mouse.JPG|thumb|right|200px|A three button mouse.]]

The mouse is an input device which is primarily used by physically moving the device across a surface. This causes a pointer symbol, called a &quot;cursor&quot;, to move across the screen. The other input comes from pressing a button while the cursor is over an object on the monitor, or &quot;clicking&quot;. All mice have at least one button, with the most common layout having three. Gaming mice may have 7 buttons.

*One button mice: The Apple mighty mouse is the only mouse known to most people which uses a single button. This button is usually activated by pushing on the front of the mouse, or pushing the entire mouse down. The &quot;right-click&quot; is done by pressing a &quot;control&quot; or &quot;Ctrl&quot; key on the keyboard while pressing the main button. These are only used with Macintosh OS, such as Mac OS X.
*Two button mice: The second most common layout, more common in older computers, which has a button on the left and right, usually for the index and middle finger. While less useful than a three-button mouse, they are, when teamed with a standard keyboard, capable of performing almost all computer tasks.
*Three-button mice: The most common layout, Fundamentally the same as a two button mice, but with a third button, the middle button, added between the &quot;left&quot; and &quot;right&quot; click buttons. While the mouse technically has three buttons,this may be confusing to some users, as the &quot;middle&quot;/&quot;center&quot; click button is also a scroll wheel. This design allows the user to scroll through documents, make selections, and do other tasks by moving a finger. The other way to is to press an arrow key or &quot;Page up/Page down&quot; key on a keyboard. The center button can also be press inwards to create a &quot;middle click&quot; button. The middle click is used in some programs to perform a simple function, such as the Firefox web browser, which uses the middle click to open a link in a new tab.
*Four (or more) button mice: Usually seen only on gaming and multimedia specialization mice. The extra buttons generally do not serve any native purpose, and rather are assigned a function to perform by the user. For example, a user who uses the mouse to play games might assign the additional buttons to switch between weapons in a shooter, or cast spells in a fantasy game.

There are two other major differences in mice, which is Optical/Laser mice, and Ball mice. This is how the mouse tells where it is, with the laser measuring the distance it crosses when it is moved, and the ball measuring how it rotates. The laser is generally more accurate and less of a hassle to use, and can be used on more surfaces, but the ball mouse is cheaper. Ball mice are rarely seen today.

The last important consideration when buying a mouse is size. You should always try to put your hand on a mouse and move it around, to see how well it feels in your hand. If it feels awkward, small, big, long, or short, look for something better! Not only will your hands thank you, but you will be more efficient.

Mice can be wired or wireless - see the above section on keyboards.

A trackball is very similar to a mouse but has a ball instead of the middle button. This ball allows you to move the mouse up, down or side to side. There are usually 2 or more buttons as well. Many users find they cause less pain than a traditional mouse.

A Touchpad is often found on a laptop instead of a mouse. This pad is found under the keyboard in most laptops i.e. closer to the body than the actual keys. Moving a finger across it moves the pointer. Multiple fingers can be used to send other commands e.g. two finger prolonged press opens up a page in a new tab.

=== Media Devices (Floppy, CD-ROM, DVD, USB) ===
These devices carry data, in the same way that a hard drive does, but are much more portable. They are the primary method of storing data outside of a computer, and the main method of transferring information between computers without the use of a network, such as the Internet.

There are three main types of these in use today:
*CD-ROM: mostly read only memory unless labeled &quot;rewritable&quot; - Capable of storing 700MB of data, CDs have been the most common method of storing data for most of the last decade or so. They are being largely replaced by DVDs and USB drives (see below).
*DVD: Capable of storing 4.7GB of data in their single layer form and 8.5GB in their double layer form, they are the most common method today for most store-bought programs, as well as videos.
*USB/Flash: While not usually used by commercial software, USB 'sticks' and Flash 'cards' have become popular ways of storing data because of their ease of use and low cost. While sizes range from 2GB on old units to 256GB on larger, more expensive modern units, the average stick today is 4 or 8GB, with an average 4GB USB stick costing about $15 US.

The floppy disk has been phased out.

=== Monitor ===
The monitor is the main method for the computer to produce output, in the same way a book has pages. A book filled with letters, but in a way you can't possibly understand or even see is of no use to you, and the same is true for a computer. While older monitors, CRTs, were rather bulky like TVs, newer monitors, or LCDs, are much more compact, and can be easily lifted.

For much of the history of computers, the most common monitors were CRTs, short for Cathode Ray Tubes.  They work on the same principle as a television. They were generally heavy, had a lower image quality, and were in general less reliable than an LCD. They come in two forms, the normal version, which has a curved monitor, and &quot;Flat Screen&quot;, where the display is completely level (although it still has the bulky back end). It is suggested that if you plan to remove a CRT, it is better for the environment to safely dispose of it (not just into a bin, an electronic waste bin), as CRT's contain high levels of toxic chemicals.
The most common type of monitor today is an LCD, or Liquid Crystal Display, which is much lighter, although slightly more expensive. They have a smaller form, a higher image quality, and are overall better than CRT monitors.

''Tip: To take proper care of your monitor, always be sure that the screen is not left on a static image for long periods of time. This can &quot;burn&quot; the image into the monitor, meaning that it will have a ghosting effect, even when that image is not displayed. This can not only be highly annoying, but in some cases, make it so the monitor needs to be replaced. To avoid this, either set a moving screensaver, which will trigger after a set amount of time, or simply turn the monitor off''

=== Printer ===
If you have a printer attached to your computer you can print your information and keep a physical copy of data.  Depending on what type of printer you have, you can print in color, double-sided or book form.  The output quality of some printers goes from draft (to save ink) all the way to photo quality.

Printers come in all price ranges and in many types.  The most common for home use are ink jets (bubble jets) and laser.  There are specialized printers for data plotting (mapping), photos only, labels and more.

A lot of printers are &quot;all-in-ones&quot; which simply means they combine more than one function.  They can be any combination of printer, copier, fax and scanner.  If you are looking to buy an all-in-one make sure it has all the features ''you'' are looking for.  You don't want to get it home and find out you still need a separate fax machine or scanner that you thought was included!

=Software=
==What is Software?==
Computer software, or simply software, also known as computer programs, is the non-tangible component of computers. Computer software contrasts with computer hardware, which is the physical component of computers. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used without the other.

Computer software includes all computer programs regardless of their architecture; for example, executable files, libraries and scripts are computer software. Yet, it shares their mutual properties: software consists of clearly-defined instructions that upon execution, instructs hardware to perform the tasks for which it is designed. Software is stored in computer memory and cannot be touched, just as a 3D model shown in an illustration cannot be touched.

At the lowest level, executable code consists of machine language instructions specific to an individual processor – typically a central processing unit (CPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location inside the computer – an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also (indirectly) cause something to appear on a display of the computer system – a state change which should be visible to the user. The processor carries out the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or interrupted.

Software is usually written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, essentially, a vaguely mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language is converted into object code via an assembler.

=== Types of Software ===

Application software uses the computer system to perform useful work or provide entertainment functions beyond the basic operation of the computer itself.

System software is designed to operate the computer hardware, to provide basic functionality, and to provide a platform for running application software.

System software includes:
* Operating system, an essential collection of computer programs that manages resources and provides common services for other software. Supervisory programs, boot loaders, shells and window systems are core parts of operating systems. In practice, an operating system comes bundled with additional software (including application software) so that a user can potentially do some work with a computer that only has an operating system.
* Device driver, a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. Each device needs at least one corresponding device driver; thus a computer needs more than one device driver.
* Utilities, software designed to assist users in maintenance and care of their computers.

Malicious software or malware, computer software developed to harm and disrupt computers. As such, malware is undesirable. Malware is closely associated with computer-related crimes, though some malicious programs may have been designed as practical jokes.

=== Nature, or domain of execution ===

Desktop applications such as web browsers and Microsoft Office, as well as smartphone and tablet applications (called &quot;apps&quot;).
Server software
Scripts, such as JavaScript scripts are pieces of software traditionally embedded in web pages that are run directly inside the web browser when a web page is loaded, without the need for a web browser plugin. Software written in other programming languages can also be run within the web browser if the software is either translated into JavaScript, or if a web browser plugin that supports that language is installed; the most common example of the latter is ActionScript scripts, which are supported by the Adobe Flash plugin.
Web applications usually run on the web server and output dynamically-generated web pages to web browsers, using e.g. PHP, Java or ASP.NET, or even JavaScript that runs on the server; in modern times they commonly include some JavaScript to be run in the web browser as well, in which case they typically run partly on the server, partly in the web browser.
Plugins and extensions are software that extends or modifies the functionality of another piece of software, and require that software be used in order to function;
Embedded software resides as firmware within embedded systems, devices dedicated to a single use or a few uses such as cars and televisions (although some embedded devices such as wireless chipsets can themselves be part of an ordinary, non-embedded computer system such as a PC or smartphone). In the embedded system context there is sometimes no clear distinction between the system software and the application software. However, some embedded systems run embedded operating systems, and these systems do retain the distinction between system software and application software (although typically there will only be one, fixed, application which is always ran).

Microcode is a special, relatively obscure type of embedded software which tells the processor itself how to execute machine code, so it is actually a lower level than machine code. It is typically proprietary to the processor manufacturer, and any necessary correctional microcode software updates are supplied by them to users (which is much cheaper than shipping replacement processor hardware). Thus an ordinary programmer would not expect to ever have to deal with it.

=== Programming tools ===

Programming tools are software in the form of programs or applications that software developers (also known as programmers, coders, hackers or software engineers) use to create, debug, maintain (i.e. improve or fix), or otherwise support software. Software is written in one or more programming languages; there are many programming languages in existence, and each has at least one implementation, each of which consists of its own set of programming tools. These tools may be relatively self-contained programs such as compilers, debuggers, interpreters, linkers, and text editors, that can be combined together to accomplish a task, much as one might use multiple hand tools to fix a physical object, or they may be an integrated development environment (IDE), which combines much or all of the functionality of such self-contained tools. An IDE may do this either by invoking the relevant individual tools on behalf of the programmer, or by reimplementing their functionality in a new way. Almost all programming language implementations (a notable exception being Smalltalk) provide the option of using individual tools rather than an IDE, because some programmers prefer not to use IDEs for various reasons, and IDEs usually take longer to be developed to an &quot;acceptable&quot; standard than individual tools - indeed, initially, new programming languages (which are created every year) would not typically have IDEs available for them.

= Setup and Boot =
The first thing to do after taking your computer out of the box is to set it up. While many stores offer at home installation, this is generally unneeded for anyone able to operate a computer, as a computer can be hooked up with about the same effort as a television and components.

The basic parts are:
*The Case: Also known as the 'tower', or incorrectly as the 'CPU', the case is what stores all of the brains of the computer- the graphics card, processor, hard drives, etc. This is the most important and expensive part of your setup, and technically the 'computer' itself.
*The monitor
*The keyboard/mouse
You may want Speakers, microphones and webcams to be able to hear sound, input sound or input film clips.

Simply place the case wherever you wish to have it, plug the monitor's cable into the appropriate slot on the back of the computer (should have a monitor picture on the slot), place the monitor where you wish to have it, plug the monitor's cable into the monitor (the ends are usually a white (DVI-D) or blue (VGA, being phased out), plug the keyboard and mouse into the appropriate slots on your computer (USB), and lastly plug the power cable into the power supply on the back of the computer, and into a standard wall outlet. You should consider using a surge protector to protect the delicate electronics inside a computer from any power surge, or loss. You may also consider using a power backup, which will allow you time to shut your computer down safely during a blackout, or even continue to use it until the power is restored, in some cases.

You may have a laptop/notebook computer, which all of the components are integrated into a single compact source that you can carry in a briefcase/backpack. In that case you need only plug in your battery and power cord. Follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the computer for putting the battery in the laptop/notebook and plugging in the power cord.

Some additional models differ from the above two designs. For example, the iMac series of Apple computers have the internals and monitor housed in one case, with only the keyboard and mouse separate. Please refer to your instruction manual for setup instructions (Apple usually has very clear instructions). '''Note:''' Many of the instructions in this Wikibook require a Windows computer.

After everything is assembled, proceed to turn on your computer and your peripherals. It is important to turn the monitor and speakers on first so that you can hear and see any error sounds or messages. You should also pay attention to your computer, and be ready to turn the power off immediately if there are any problems, such as the fans not starting. Though you should be careful, as computer fans can be extremely quiet, if the fans do not start, immediately turn the computer off to prevent the CPU and other delicate components from overheating.

= Operating Systems =
The major software application on a computer is called the operating system. The operating system is like the driver of a car. While it might seem like it's only telling the car (computer) what to do, it is in fact also interfacing with the different parts of it, as well as taking any new input (say, a map, or instructions on where to go- which equates to other software) and performing these tasks to the best of its ability. Although many things are compatible across platforms, more involved programs, such as photo editing tools and games, will not work across all platforms, in the same way that if you started giving your cab driver directions in French, he'd probably tell you to get out, unless you were of course, in France!

An operating system, aka &quot;OS&quot;, is the middleman between you and the computer. It creates an environment where the user can interact with the computer in an efficient manner.

There are three major OS that you should consider using for your first desktop/notebook PC.

* Windows: The most recent edition of Windows is Windows 11 previous versions are Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, and so on.
* Mac: The second most common OS in desktop systems, Mac OS X is comparatively compared to Windows, although its market share is increasing. Macs have been designed to be very easy for people to use, and are thus a good choice for a first system, as long as you don't mind not having as many software and games options as Windows users. Many Mac users are extremely loyal to the OS, due to the popularity of the iPod MP3 device, and various other Apple iDevices.
* Linux: While it is also rare compared to Windows, Linux does have its advantages. Linux is open source, which means that anyone can change the code around and redistribute it as they want, resulting in many different versions. Though it can be daunting, a Google search can help the average person decide which version of the OS would be best for them. There is a wide range of versions, called distros, ranging from one that's meant to fit on a 50MB business card sized CD to ones that are meant to be easier to use than Windows! Linux can be harder to use than Windows at times, especially because it is almost required that you use the command line occasionally, however users who are willing to put in the effort to search for a solution (usually quick and easy) and copy/paste the answer into the command line will generally appreciate it, with some being as devoted or more so than the aforementioned Mac users! Linux suffers many of the same downfalls as Mac, however, including a lack of commercial software, especially games. This is slightly remedied by the large amount of free, open source Linux games, and the WINE program, which can run many Windows programs, including games, under Linux, without having to emulate the Windows OS. While many 'hardcore' gamers are disappointed by the lack of games, even compared to the Mac, there are many games which are either native to Linux, or work well enough under WINE that most casual gamers will not have a problem. The most popular Linux distro, Ubuntu, has a clean interface and a thorough help system.

= Basic Operating Tasks =
=== Moving the Mouse ===
The mouse controls the movement of an on-screen pointer, called the cursor, that often appears as a small white arrow. When you move the mouse, the on-screen pointer moves too, usually in the same direction as the mouse. In other words, move the mouse toward you to move the on-screen pointer toward the bottom of the screen. Move the mouse away from you and the arrow moves to the top, and so on. You indicate to the computer what parts of the screen you want to interact with by placing the pointer over those areas on the screen.

=== Keyboard  ===
The keyboard is used for inputting text into the computer. It is designed so that users can type all the letters of the alphabet without moving their hands. Many programs from word processors to media players utilize the keyboard.

* The numbers at the right of the keyboard can work in two ways. While in normal mode, the keys will function as another set of arrow keys, in num lock mode, they will instead be an alternate way of inputting numbers. This is mainly useful when putting in more than a few digits at a time, when using the numbers over the letters becomes more of a hassle than a time saving method.
* The keys labeled F1, F2, F3 ... at the top of the keyboard are the &quot;function keys&quot;. F1 is usually assigned as a &quot;help&quot; key, which will open a help dialog when pressed. If you are having trouble with a program, or just want tips, reading these files can often be useful or insightful.
* &quot;Ctrl&quot; and &quot;Alt&quot; at the bottom means &quot;control&quot; and &quot;alternative&quot;. These keys are normally used to type special symbols or for '''shortcuts'''. More on that below.

== GUI (Gooey) ==
Almost all programs that you will be working with will have a '''GUI''' or '''Graphical User Interface'''. The GUI is the 'pretty' part of a computer ― the windows, buttons, scroll bars, and task trays. The GUI is really just a front for the command line, which is what does the actual process and such. While almost all Windows and Mac users do not need to worry about this, it is important for users of Linux to know, as they will use the command line for tasks which either cannot be done or are more efficient to do through the command line terminal.

=Windows XP=
==Booting for the first time==
Turn on the computer as described above.

The boring process of booting up will begin. Booting is just starting up the computer.  (Remember to turn on peripherals first!).  This may take a few minutes, so be patient. Your computer is testing itself and running a bunch of internal functions that you'll probably never have to worry about.  You don't care what's happening inside when you turn on your TV.  You just want it on.  It's the same with the computer.  Just let it do its thing!

If it is the first time booting up the computer running XP operating system, a prompt asking you to choose a user name and password will appear; you may enter up to five different users.  Note:  if you want the computer to just boot up straight into Windows XP every time you use it, you should create only one user and not enter a password.  In Windows XP Home edition, different users have the same programs installed, but may choose different backgrounds for their desktop (more on this later), and have different program icons on it as well; if you have Windows XP Professional, the differences are much fewer.  Passwords should be secure, but not as secure as if it were an online password, as you only need to prevent people accessing the actual computer itself- make sure if you choose a password you can remember and ''write it down'', as this is one password you simply ''cannot'' afford to lose.  DON'T ever tape your password to a keyboard or other part of your system.  That's the first place everyone looks!  There will be some questions that show up on the screen. Answer them the best you can and if you're not sure, use the default.  You may be asked to activate your software if the installer has not done so.  Microsoft requires you to activate XP.  If you don't activate it will quit working and you'll have to install it all over.  Activation is usually done over the Internet but can also be done by phone.  The number will appear on the screen.  Register it ASAP!

== Running Windows XP ==
Now Windows XP has booted up, hopefully, and is running.  You should now be looking at a rolling green hillside with a blue sky and clouds.  This view is called the '''desktop''', which makes sense.  The rolling green hillside is called the '''background''' and can be changed to a variety of pictures installed with Windows XP, or to one you yourself load onto your computer.  You'll probably notice a couple of pictures with words like &quot;AOL Free Trial&quot; or &quot;Shortcut to...something&quot; beneath them (don't panic if these particular ones aren't present).  These are called '''icons''' and are linked to specific actions, usually opening a '''program''' (see below).  You can create your own icons, as well as delete ones you do not want.  Don't worry, this will be explained later.  The blue bar at the bottom of the screen is called the '''taskbar'''.  If you have a program open, it will be represented with a little icon and a name here.  On the far left of the taskbar is a large green button which says START; this is logically known as the '''Start menu'''.  If you left click (hereafter simply referred to as &quot;click&quot;) it with your mouse, you will open a '''menu''' which contains links to almost everything in your computer (the first time you ever start Windows XP, the Start menu will automatically be displayed).  On the far right of the taskbar, you will see a notification area known as the '''system tray'''.  It contains both temporary and constant notification icons.  Right now, it probably has only the clock and a button with a message, asking you to click it if you want to take the Windows XP tour.  If you are unfamiliar with computers, it is highly recommended that you take the tour.  If you wish to wait, you can take it later by clicking on the '''Start menu''', clicking '''All Programs''', clicking '''Accessories''', and clicking '''Tour Windows XP''' (this type of menu action will from here on be represented as '''START -&gt; All Programs -&gt; Accessories -&gt; Tour Windows XP''').

===Some useful keyboard shortcuts in Windows===

The following keyboard shortcuts are used for frequently performed tasks and will speed up your computing. 
They normally work on all major platforms (Windows, Linux, Mac).
('''NOTE:''' When you are asked to press multiple buttons at once, you can first press the buttons Ctrl, Alt and Shift, and while keeping them pressed, press the remaining button. For example, to press Alt+Tab you first press and hold down Alt, then momentarily press tab, and then let go of the Alt key.)

* When filling out a form or a dialogue, enter the text, then press &quot;tab&quot; to get to the next text box or button. To go backwards, press Shift-Tab. Press &quot;enter&quot; to press a button. This will save you from taking your hands off the keyboard to use the mouse.
* To copy a selected text, or a selected file or folder, press &quot;Ctrl+C&quot;
* To paste the text or file into a new location, press &quot;Ctrl+V&quot;
* To select all the text (or items) press &quot;Ctrl+A&quot;
* To switch between open windows press &quot;Alt-Tab&quot;
* To log off from you session or to shut down the computer press &quot;Ctrl-Alt-Delete&quot;
* To select a piece of text or a list of files or folders, click the left mouse button on the starting position, then press and hold &quot;Shift&quot;, then click on the end position, then release &quot;Shift&quot;
*To select text, files, or folders that are not contiguous (side-by-side or together), select the first item by clicking; next press and hold the &quot;Ctrl&quot; (control), click the next item, release the &quot;Ctrl&quot;, repeat if necessary.

==Launching and Working with Programs and Windows==
====Background Information====
A program does something. Programs can process words, play music, and much much more. One simple program is called Notepad, and it is on many computers. Microsoft Word is a program, AbiWord is a program, and Mozilla Firefox is a program. They will be explained later.

====Opening a Window====
Now it is time for a tutorial.
# Left click on the Start Menu. It is in the lower left corner of the screen.
# Put the mouse over the words that say &quot;All Programs&quot; or &quot;Programs&quot; (This depends on if you have the classical start menu or not which will be discussed in '''a chapter about customization''')
# More menus will come out of the arrow. Bring the mouse up to accessories and let it expand.
# Click on Notepad.

Another way to say steps 1-3 in a simple fashion is '''Start -&gt; All Programs -&gt; Accessories -&gt; Notepad'''.

====Modifying the Window====
After doing this, many things happen. First of all, a window appears on the screen. Notice that there are three boxes in the upper right hand corner of the window.  Here is what they do:

# Click the first box going from left to right. Oh no! It's gone! Don't be startled because Notepad hasn't been lost in oblivion. It's just been minimized.
# To get it back, look at the bottom of the screen. You will see a rectangular box that says &quot;Untitled - Notepad&quot;. Almost every program will have this little box located in the task bar. When it is gone, the program's not running. Now, click on the box to see Notepad again.
# Click the middle square. Notepad now takes up most of the screen. This is called maximizing. Look at the icon that you just clicked. It has changed.
# To get it back to normal, click the same button. That is called restoring.
# Click the last square (with a big X on it) to close the window. It is gone for good and will never come back (until you do what you did in step one of Opening a Window again). This button is called the &quot;X&quot; button. If someone wanted someone else to press this, they could say &quot;X it out.&quot;

====Moving a Window====
Now it's time to learn how to move windows.

# To begin, open Notepad again with your new skills.
# The place in the border where the three buttons are located is called the title bar.
# Click anywhere on the title bar except the boxes and hold the mouse button down.
# While still holding the button, move the mouse pointer. This is called &quot;dragging&quot;. The window will follow the mouse and become an extension of your hand.
# When the window is in that perfect location, let go of the button.

====Working with Multiple Windows====
The great thing about computers is that they allow for multi-tasking. You can listen to your favorite tunes, write a book, get work done, chat with your friends, and check your e-mail all at the same time. This can be done with much ease if learned correctly.

Time to get busy.

# Open Notepad again.
# Open Wordpad, which is located in '''Start -&gt; Programs -&gt; Accessories -&gt; Wordpad'''.

There should now be two windows on the screen. The Wordpad window is the active window. We know this because its titlebar is brighter than Notepad's. Also, Wordpad's taskbar rectangle is a different color than Notepad's. When a program is active, keyboard and mouse input will go to that program.

# Type &quot;Hello.&quot; The text is in Wordpad's window because this is the active one. (If nothing shows up, then click in the part where you would type in the Wordpad program).
# To make Notepad active, click on its titlebar. If it is covered by Wordpad, move it out of the way (by dragging it). Notepad will come on top of Wordpad once it is activated.
# To make Wordpad active again, click its rectangle in the taskbar.
# Play with the two programs until you get the hang of working with multiple windows. Use the maximize and minimize buttons. Don't really click any of the buttons on the programs yet. You'll learn that soon enough...

===Task Bar===
There are a few more things you should know that you can do with the '''task bar''' to customize its appearance and behavior:

# You can '''lock''' it (preventing other alterations listed below)
#* To check if the task bar is locked, hover the mouse over some part of the task bar not occupied by an icon, then click the right mouse button.  A '''pop-up menu''' will appear, with an item &quot;Lock the Taskbar&quot; on it (among others).  It can either have a checkmark next to it on the left, or not.  If there is a check mark, the task bar is locked.  If not, then it's not locked.
#* To change the locked state of the task bar, click on the &quot;Lock the Taskbar&quot; menu item, and the state will change to its opposite - if it was locked before, clicking unlocks it; if it was not locked, clicking locks it.
# You can '''resize''' it (made larger, smaller, or even concealed, vertically)
#* To do this, the task bar must be unlocked (see immediately above)
#* Click and hold the thin border immediately above the task bar (you should see the cursor change to an up-and-down arrow), and &quot;drag&quot; it upward.  You'll see that the task bar becomes fatter, giving it more room for program and quick-launch icons.  Dragging it downward does the opposite.  If you drag it all the way to the bottom of the screen, the task bar vanishes (except for its sizing border, which you can drag upward again to bring back the task bar.)
# You can also '''move''' it to the top, right, or left edge of the screen
#* To do this, hover the mouse over some part of the task bar with no icon, then click the left mouse button and hold it down.  Then move the mouse up, to the left, or to the right, and observe that the task bar will vanish from the bottom of the screen and reappear at the left, top, or right (according to which direction you dragged it.)  When you release the mouse, the task bar will stay where you placed it.
# You can select which of its component '''tool bars''' are displayed on it
#* ''(how-to goes here)''
# You can resize (horizontally) the visible '''tool bars'''
#* ''(how-to goes here)''
# You can set other '''properties''' of the task bar, such as whether the clock appears on it, or whether the task bar '''auto-hides''' itself
#* ''(how-to goes here)''

== Windows Gooey GUI==

===Menu Bar===
# Open Notepad.
#* Right under the titlebar, there will be a menu bar. There will be File, Edit, Help, and more.
# Put your mouse over the word File and click.
#* A menu will pop up under the word and some choices will appear.
# Click Open.
#* This will open up a dialog to open an existing text file. You don't have to open anything yet but you may if you want.
# Click Exit.
#* This will close the program. It's another way of pressing X.
# Open up Notepad and explore the menus.
#* Nothing will break. If you see something confusing, press cancel. Remember that a great way to learn about the computer is to do stuff on your own. Try opening up other programs from the menu and see what they do. Just try to get comfortable with using the computer.

==== Common Menu Bar Features ====
Most programs share at least some similar menu bar items. Below is an overview of basic buttons found in the menu bar. It is broken down the same way that the menu bar is. Try these out.
* '''File''' - Basic tasks like saving, opening, printing, and quitting are in the File menu.
* '''Edit''' - The Edit menu can do a number of things:
** '''Cut, Copy, Paste''' - This is the same thing as right clicking where the curser is and pressing cut, copy, or paste. That means also that it's the same thing as Ctrl-x, Ctrl-c, and Ctrl-v, respectively. To learn more about cutting, copying, and pasting, click here.
** '''Undo/Redo''' - If you ever make a mistake that's hard to fix, like deleting your 10 page paper, a great thing to try is Undo. Most of the time, programs will let you undo numerous times. Redo redoes what you undid with the Undo button. It's like pressing Back and Forward in a web browser. Also, Ctrl-z and Ctrl-y are for Undo and Redo.
** '''Find/Replace''' - Find and Replace are very useful tools, and they are incorporated into many programs. One example below will show how to use find, and the other will show how to use replace.
**# Let's say that a woman is on a webpage about muffins, but the only thing that she cares about are blueberry muffins. In order to save time, she goes to Edit -&gt; Find. Then, she types &quot;blueberry&quot;. The computer shows her every time that the word &quot;blueberry&quot; is on the page. This also works on other things such as word processors.
**# Another person writes a 5-page essay that was supposed to be in third-person. However, he has a whole bunch of &quot;you&quot;s in his paper. In order to fix that, the person goes to Edit -&gt; Find/Replace. In Find What, he puts &quot;you&quot; (without quotes), and in Replace With, he puts &quot;one&quot; (without quotes). After clicking &quot;find&quot; and &quot;replace&quot; enough, all the instances of &quot;you&quot; were changed to &quot;one&quot;, and whoever wrote the essay got an A+.
* '''View''' - Options in here can change the appearance of a program. Most of it depends on the program you're using.
** '''Toolbars''' - This lets you decide what toolbars to display if the program has a lot of them. An example of a toolbar is the one with the Save, Open, and New buttons.
* '''Help'''
** If you are wondering how to do something in a program, a good place to look is in Help. After opening the Help menu, you can find help by choosing &quot;Contents&quot; or &quot;Help Contents&quot; or &quot;Online Help&quot;.
** '''About''' - A general description of the program you are using is in here. Another useful thing found in here is the version number of the program.
* '''Preferences'''
** Many options for customizing a program can be found in Preferences. It is a window that comes up and is usually organized with tabs. Preferences can usually be found in Edit -&gt; Preferences or Tools -&gt; Options.

===Scroll Bar===
When there is too much stuff in a program to be displayed on the screen, a scroll bar appears in the right hand side of the window. Using this scroll bar, one can go up or down through the text or whatever needs scrolling. Scroll bars can also appear on the bottom of a window to scroll left and right. You scroll by using the following methods:

* Click the squares with the arrow icons. Up is for up, and down is for down. Every time you click the arrows, the bar between them (known as the &quot;scroll bar&quot;) goes up or down automatically.
* Click and hold the scroll bar and drag it. Dragging it down scrolls down the text, and dragging up scrolls up. Release the mouse when finished.
* There may be a small wheel on your mouse. This is called a &quot;scroll wheel&quot;. It will most likely be between the two mouse buttons. You can use this to scroll up and down.
* The Page Up and Page Down buttons on the keyboard will scroll up and down in large increments.
* The arrow keys on your keyboard can sometimes be used for scrolling.

On some occasions, there will be scroll bars inside of scroll bars. This may be confusing, but you'll get the hang of it.

=Linux=

Linux is an operating system, much like Windows is. The word &quot;Linux&quot; comes from the name of its kernel, which was originally created by Linus Torvalds, while he was still in college. There are other important parts which define the operating system (at least in the sense of the term in which user’s programs are part of an operating system), so you may find other names for the same thing: &quot;GNU/Linux&quot; and &quot;GNU&quot;. In its early stages, it had a command interface (that's where you HAVE to type exactly what you want the computer to do), but has now grown into fully featured OS used by enterprises, developers, and power-users at home.

Known worldwide as the core of the Open Source world, Linux is &quot;free&quot; (as in &quot;freedom&quot;) by allowing the average user to observe and make changes to the source code of Linux as needed. That means if YOU want some kind of special functionality, YOU can implement it. You can also make copies of GNU/Linux and other free (as in freedom) programs, and give them to other people, while sharing a copy of Windows or Mac OS X is illegal in some countries. For that reason, Linux is as diverse as the humans that inhabit the Earth. Unlike Windows, where there are only a few choices of the OS, there exist literally hundreds of variations of Linux, each of which is created and maintained to perform a specific function for a community of users.

==Installing an operating system==

A computer needs an operating system to start running, like a car needs an engine to start moving.
But installing an operating system is not for beginners, like installing a car engine is not for beginners.
Many excellent car drivers have never installed a car engine.

Recent versions of Linux are widely considered the easiest-to-install operating system so far—some people say &quot;a chicken could install Linux&quot;.
However, installing any operating system is not recommended for beginners, and so is outside the scope of this book.
After you finish this book, you may be ready to go on to a book that discusses booting a LiveCD or even installing an operating system, for example [[A Neutral Look at Operating Systems/Linux#Live CDs]].

==Gnome==
==K Desktop (KDE)==
{{cleanup}}
KDE is a Desktop Environment which basically is a style of your GUI for your open source operating system. The project was founded on the 14th of October 1996. It has many, many tools such as [http://kde.org/applications/multimedia/k3b/ K3B], [http://www.koffice.org/ Koffice], and [http://kile.sourceforge.net/ Kile]. KDE is very user friendly. Some snapshots of KDE and some of its applications:
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:KDE desktop, October 21, 2010.png|KDE Snapshot
File:Kapman.png|Snapshot of Kapman, a Pacman clone
File:Control panel for the KDE Dolphin file manager.png|Snapshot of the Dolphin File Manager
&lt;/gallery&gt;

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    <title>The Unicyclopedia/Giraffe</title>
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There's not really any trick to riding a giraffe. It's basically like riding a normal unicycle once you get up high enough to ride it.

== Assisted Mounts ==
The main problem in mounting is getting height. There are several ways of cheating to get height, some of which may involve breaking rules.

=== The Picnic Table (Garbage Can, Car Hood) ===
This is a way of applying the normal rollback or static mounts to a giraffe. A typical picnic table is probably sufficient height for a 5 foot giraffe; for a larger giraffe, you may want to find a larger object to serve as a picnic table substitute.

The procedure is simple - stand on the edge of a picnic table, with the giraffe in front of you with it's wheel on the ground. Mount as you would a smaller unicycle on the ground. Bear in mind that you have an uneven surface to fall on if you go backwards, so pushing off the table too hard is infinitely preferable to pushing off too softly.

=== The High Fence/Wall ===
This mount works for any giraffe height, depending on the availability of fences. Hang the giraffe by the seat on the fence.  Climb up the fence and sit on top.  Then rearrange yourself so you have a foot on a pedal and your bum on the seat.  Finally, transfer your weight from the fence to the unicycle. This mount is both the least scary and the least elegant.

=== The Tree Branch ===
This mount again works for any height of giraffe, provided that you have suitable branches available. Climb the tree to the required branch, then hang from that branch by your hands. Have a friend pass the giraffe; grab it with your legs and arrange things appropriately, then ride away.

=== The Pole ===
This is the most obvious method, but also the hardest of the assisted mounts. Hold the unicycle upright, with a pedal in the 6 O'Clock position. Put one foot on the pedal, and hold the seat with one hand and the pole with the other. Haul yourself up, using the pole for stability. Depending on the height of your unicycle, you might need to start by climbing onto the tire, and then bringing your foot up to the pedal. Sit on the seat and ride away.

=== The Friend ===
Climb up your friend and the giraffe at the same time. Then shift your weight from the friend to the unicycle and ride away.

A good friend or person without any ambitions is required.

== Free mounts ==
This is where it gets especially interesting, because you are basically climbing up a moving object.

=== Climb ===
This is the best method of free mounting a giraffe of 6' or more. Put the right pedal at 6 0'Clock, and put your left foot on top of the wheel and push your foot into the fork. This locks the wheel and pedals in place. Step up and put your right foot on the right pedal, then put your weight on the pedal - this stops the wheel from moving much. You should now be able to move the left foot from the wheel to its pedal and sit on the seat, at which point you should be in a position to ride away. The climb has to be just right so that you end up leaning forwards as much as is required to ride away.
Before working on this mount, you should be able to do the side mount on a regular unicycle, because once you get your left foot on the pedal and stand up on it, this mount works the same as the side mount. You should also practice mounting the giraffe this way while holding onto something, until you can get on fairly quickly, and without putting too much weight on your support.

Some sizes of giraffe can only use this mount if the giraffe has pegs on the frame that act as brakes when they are pushed down.

=== Jumping Climb ===
This works quite well for tall people and 5' giraffes, and has been known to work for 6' giraffes. Put one pedal at the 6 O'Clock position and one foot on the pedal. Hold the seat with both hands. Do one smaller hop, then one huge hop, with the foot on the ground. That should get you high enough that you can push yourself upwards with your hands on the seat and the foot on the pedal, which should in turn get enough height that you can put your bum on the seat and other foot on the pedal, and ride away.

A loose sprocket on your hub can cause serious problems with this jump.  When applying such intense forces on the crank, the sprocket on the hub can slip and cause the rider to fall down.  Once the sprocket gets loose, it must be tightened or else it may effect normal riding, especially when it slips while idling.  Use thread lock on the sprocket to prevent further slipping.  You can also weld the sprocket to the hub for a more permanent solution.

=== Jump ===
Also known as the frog mount, the Jump mount is one of most difficult ways to mount a giraffe.  Start by holding the giraffe in a vertical position, with the pedals horizontal.  Hold the back of the seat with both hands, thumbs on top.  In one motion, jump up as high as possible and land on the pedals.  If the wheel rolls at all during the jump it will be almost impossible to judge where the pedals will be. This mount is much easier to land seat out, where you can begin hopping or riding seat out.  Another way to make the mount easier is to hold the unicycle at approximately waist level, and then raise it to vertical during the motion of the jump.

===Rolling===
This a scarier, but probably also more impressive way to mount a giraffe. While it works best for shorter giraffes, it can be done on a 6' giraffe. Simply run along while holding the giraffe with the saddle a little above crotch level, then at exactly the right moment, launch yourself onto one pedal, and then the seat and other pedal simultaneously. It is advisable to land with almost all of your weight on the back pedal. This will allow you to pedal backward a few cycles of the wheel in order to get the wheel under you. With practice you can jump higher and apply less pressure to the first pedal, eliminating the need to roll back. The main difficulty with this mount is getting your first foot on the pedal at exactly the right moment. You want to hit it while it's coming up, so that you will press downward on the pedal and make the unicycle roll under you. One other thing to remember is make sure you take a fairly fast, confident jump. Think of it like pole-vaulting.&lt;br /&gt;

In this clip [http://www.semcycle.com/ Sem Abrahams] shows a good example of a [http://www.unicyclist.org/cont/play.cfm?pi=f3202407ft-runningmnt rolling mount]

== Giraffe Skills ==
A great number of unicycle skills can either be taken directly from their respective genres or translated into more reasonable skills to account for new factors that must be taken into account for a giraffe.

=== One Footed Idling ===
Idling with one foot one the giraffe, after being able to idle well, is fairly easy. It is easier to idle with one foot on the giraffe then on the standard unicycle, so if you can't idle to great one footed on your regular unicycle it is still worth a try. It is easiest with the bottom of one foot pushing against the front of the frame, but it looks better with one foot extended witch isn't much harder. It is also possible to one foot idle with the non pedaling foot on your opposite knee, putting your non pedaling foot on the opposing top of crank, and holding the foot, knee, or leg in your hand.

=== One Footed Riding ===
Riding with one foot is not much harder than on a normal unicycle. When first learning it is best to be able to one foot idle well in the technique you would like to ride which would most likely either be with your foot against front of frame, or with it extended. Be sure to fall off the unicycle forwards to avoid a landing on your back, while practicing one footed riding, because it is very likely your foot can get caught by the pedal or the sprocket.

=== Seat in Back Riding ===
For this trick it is best to lower the seat slightly to make it easier to put the seat from under you to behind you. Unlike seat in back riding on the normal unicycle it is much easier to ride with both hands firmly on the seat because of the difference in weight. You have to lean forward a ways, and hold the seat pretty close behind you.

=== Hopping ===
Hopping on a giraffe is the same as a standard unicycle: stand, firmly grasp the handle or front of the giraffe, and jump with the unicycle.  There are two important things to consider when hopping on a giraffe.  First, the giraffe weighs far more than the average unicycle.  Secondly, when the giraffe starts to tip one direction, your weight on the pedals is transferred to the frame in a way that accelerates your fall.  This is a non-issue for a standard unicycle, where you apply no weight to the frame when hopping.

Hopping seat out is the same as a normal unicycle, except the tipping effect described above is magnified by the intentional tilt of the frame.  This can be compensated for by bending at the waist and placing your center of gravity farther back than usual.

Rolling hops on a giraffe are more difficult because of the large weight of the frame.  Fortunately, the giraffe has an inherent benefit that helps compensate for this.  When approaching the point at which he plans on jumping a giraffe rider can allow himself to fall forward more than usual.  Because of the height of the frame the rider can be a foot or more in front of his intending take-off point before the wheel leaves the ground.  The rider now jumps, and if he jumps with the pedals approaching horizontal but not yet there he can use his waist and legs to push the giraffe out in front of him.  He now lands with the unicycle tilted backwards, and takes advantage of his momentum to reassume his original position above the cranks.  Using this technique it is not uncommon for a giraffe rider to clear gaps of 2 feet or more with their body at almost the same point in the air for the time period in which the wheel is in the air.

=== Wraps ===
A wrap can be performed on a giraffe in a similar way to a standard unicycle.  This includes double wraps, triple wraps, super wraps, and so on.  It should be noted that it is harder to recover from a wrap for the tipping issue mentioned above.

=== Giraffe Spin ===
The giraffe spin is the same as a unispin on a standard unicycle.  Start by hopping seat out (see above) with both hands on one side of the seat.  For the 180 Giraffe Spin, jump off of the pedals and spin the giraffe so that you land on the pedals with the unicycle backwards.  Important differences are that your feet do not need to clear the tire, but landing on the sprocket becomes a problem.

=== Side Ride ===
There are a few riders who can do the &quot;side-ride&quot; on a tall unicycle.

Here is a video in which [http://www.unishow.org/ Dustin Kelm] performs [http://www.unicyclist.org/cont/play.cfm?pi=r1921447ft-side-ride&amp;hoi=0:00&amp;doei=0:32.6 side-ride on a 7ft tall unicycle] (RealPlayer)

=== Playing a Musical Instrument ===
An assortment of instruments work well in conjuction with a giraffe unicycle.  These include in part electric guitars and basses (with mini-amps), vocals, woodwind, and brass instruments (yes, unicycling with a tuba is quite possible).  It is advisable to first mount the unicycle before picking up any such instrument to avoid personal injury and/or injury to one's instrument.  For this reason, one should always use the oldest and most decrepid of musical instruments when attempting this stunt.  An assistant is usually necessary when performing such a stunt, preferably one who has the physical capability of lifting a moderately large instrument and performing such tasks as opening doors.  Believe it or not, these can be hard to come by outside of the unicycling world.

== Safety ==
Remember that when you are on a 6 foot giraffe, you are almost 7 feet off the ground. A fall from this height could result in injury. Be sure to be fully equipped with safety gear. A spotter is highly recommended for learning how to ride a giraffe.

=== Tipping ===
The most important factor of giraffe riding is the fact that your weight rests on the frame instead of the hub.  If the unicycle is not exactly vertical your body weight accelerates the fall of the uni, and this can cause unfamiliar movements to a novice giraffe rider.  This can be referred to as the ''tipping effect''.When sitting on the giraffe this is usually negated by your body on the seat, but when performing seat out skills or mounting it plays a role in the movement of the giraffe.  It is important to think through all skills you plan on attempting and analyzing how the frame will be tilted at any given time.

=== Falling Off ===
An ideal way to fall off is forwards. It's easier than you think; basically, you start the unicycle toppling over and take your feet off the pedals; the wheel will move backwards a short way, and the seat (and you) will move forwards and down until you hit the ground. Bend your knees when you land and you'll be surprised at how little pain is involved.

This is by no means the definitive opinion on the matter of giraffe dismounts. There is a school of thought that holds it to be safer to dismount to the rear and have the giraffe move forwards as you drop to the ground and a safe landing on your feet.

Safety is the main reasoning behind this line of thought. 
If you dismount and allow the wheel to move backwards, there is a chance that it might stop short against a wall, pavement or (despite your best intentions and checking over your shoulder before committing to the dismount) a pedestrian who walked into the path of the rearward travelling giraffe. Such a stop can cause severe injury as the force will be transmitted to your spinal column via your coccyx.

This is topic that bears some discussion and this discussion can be joined [http://www.unicyclist.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&amp;threadid=41305&amp;perpage=15&amp;highlight=&amp;pagenumber=1 here].

The rider is encouraged to investigate this issue and make a personal decision.

=== Frame Strength ===
A major issue concerning giraffe safety is the strength of the frame.  Due in part to the generally cheap construction and the large size it is not uncommon for giraffe frames to bend or even snap.  Skills such as rolling mounts apply forces in three places (up on the handle, down on the cranks, and up on the tire) in such as way that the frame experiences extreme stress.  Until giraffe construction is rethought to allow for more intense riding it is advisable to check your frame every time you ride to assess the state of your frame.  It is up to you to make a judgement concerning the safety of your frame.

== Giraffe records ==
the largest unicycle measures was 115 feet (35.0 meters) tall and weighed 208 pounds in 2004. The rider was [http://www.semcycle.com/ Sem Abrahams].</text>
      <sha1>ewoybjieu8mo1uqluqb7iu03rqouk8d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Choosing the parts</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24143</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448834</id>
      <parentid>4445559</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:56:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448834</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="165710" sha1="n15redupyy0rrme03ui8x3t6ocuangd" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Contents}}

The first step to building a computer is acquiring the parts. This guide will start with a quick explanation of essential parts and elaborate on them further on.

These are the parts that a standard PC will use. You might want to make a check list (perhaps using a spreadsheet) of parts to use as you go about your process of research and selection. That way you won’t find yourself sitting down with a pile of brand new hardware only to find that you forgot an essential component.

==The primary parts==

===Key Parts===

*'''[[w:Computer case|Case]]''' - The case houses and protects rest of the parts, and contains additional functions like button, front IO ports, and other features.

*'''[[w:Power supply unit (computer)|Power Supply Unit]]'''/'''PSU''' – ''Power Supply Unit'', converts outlet power, which is alternating current (AC), to direct current (DC) which is required by internal components, as well as providing appropriate voltages and currents for these internal components. 

*'''[[w:Motherboard|Motherboard]]'''/'''mainboard''' – A board that facilitates communications between components and offers ports to connect them together.

*'''[[w:Central processing unit|CPU]]''' – ''central processing unit'', the main processor of the computer. The CPU handles general and mathematically complicated tasks.

*'''[[w:RAM|RAM]]''' – ''random access memory'', the &quot;short-term memory&quot; of a computer, used by the CPU to store program instructions and data upon which it is currently operating. Data in RAM is lost when the computer is powered off, thus necessitating a ''storage drive''.

*'''[[w:Computer storage|Storage]]''' - either '''[[Wikipedia:HDD|HDD]]''' (Hard disk drive - noisy and slower of the two but less expensive) and/or '''[[Wikipedia:SSD|SSD]]''' (solid state drive. Quiet, very fast but not as cheap) – the &quot;long-term memory&quot; of the computer, used for persistent storage – i.e. the things stored on it remain even when the computer is powered down. The operating system, and all your programs and data are stored here, so if you choose SSD then the system will be faster. These days, SSDs have replaced HDDs for almost everything but the lowest-end laptops and desktops, but if you only need to surf the web, HDDs are the best option. OSes can be booted and use storage from inexpensive '''[[Wikipedia:USB Drive|USB Drives]]''', although this is only with extremely lightweight systems.

=== Optional Components===

Optional components follow: (Components that depend on the function that will be given to the machine)

*'''[[w:Video Card|GPU]]'''/'''Graphics Card''' – does processing relating to video output. If you want to build a gaming PC, a good GPU is almost mandatory. Some processors have an integrated GPU built in so you don’t need (but may add) a separate video card. Otherwise, you will need a video card. These plug into a slot on the motherboard and provide ports to connect a monitor to your computer.

*'''[[w:Optical Drive|Optical Drive]]''' – device for handling optical disks. May read CDs, DVDs, Blu-Rays or other optical media. Some drives are able to write optical media as well as read it.

*'''[[w:Sound card|Sound hardware]]''' - Now integrated into motherboards, higher end sound hardware may be a good option for some users.

===External Components===

On top of the internal components listed above, you will also need these external components:

*'''[[w:Keyboard|Keyboard]]''' – for typing on. A good keyboard will increase your comfort, as well as make you a more productive typist.

*'''[[w:Mouse|Mouse]]''' – for pointing and clicking. A comfortable mouse can significantly improve your experience.

*'''[[w:Monitor|Monitor]]''' – Displays graphics from your computer. They come in many forms, the most common being [[Wikipedia:Lcd|LCD]] displays.

==Planning the Build==
Before you go on a shopping spree and start spending lots of money on expensive computer parts, there are some important questions you should answer which will guide your purchases:

* What will be the main function of the computer?
* What useful parts do you have on hand, from an old computer or otherwise?
* How much can you afford to spend on the system? 
* Some functions benefit from certain components more then others. What components, if any, should you skimp on to afford better components elsewhere?
* Do you want to upgrade your computer later, or will you be content with your build?

== What operating system am I going to use? ==
Before you buy components, be sure that they are supported by the operating system you plan to use. Almost all commonly available PC devices have drivers (small programs that allow the operating system to recognize and work with a hardware device) available for current versions of Windows. If you want to run an alternative operating system, you'll have to do some research to make sure your hardware choice will be compatible. Many alternatives have extensive 'Hardware Compatibility Lists' (HCLs) as well as software compatibility.

=== Main operating systems available ===
* '''Microsoft Windows''' - [[w:Windows 11|Windows 10/11 (Home/Pro)]].
* '''Popular Linux Distros''' -  [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], [[w:OpenSUSE|OpenSUSE]], [[w:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]], [[w:debian|Debian]], and others
* '''Popular BSD Variants''' - [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]], [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]], [[w:NetBSD|NetBSD]], and others
* '''Android''' - A variety of Android based operating systems exist for x86 Personal computers. While not ideal for the desktop form factor, they are free and offer compatibility with Android's software library.
* '''MacOS''' - You can install MacOS on non-Apple hardware which is called &quot;Hackintosh&quot; in which an end user installs MacOS on a non-Apple computer. Be warned that this is risky and takes more knowledge than other operating systems. 

=== Windows information and hardware support lists ===
'''Microsoft Windows''' is a series of operating systems made by the Microsoft corporation. Thanks to its popularity and widespread support Windows is ideal for most personal computing and fits the needs or wants of just about anyone: gamers, video/graphics editors, office workers, or the average user who wants to surf the web and play a bit of solitaire.

In general Windows supports most available consumer processors from AMD or Intel, as well as most internal and external devices, including Graphics Cards, Wi-Fi adapters, and specialty hardware.

For general consumers, Windows comes in a few flavors:
* Windows 11 Home is the basic version of Windows 11 and costs about $140, but purchases from bulk retailers can be as cheap as $50.
* Windows 11 Pro is the more advanced version of Windows 11 and costs about $200. This version includes business-oriented features like drive encryption, better virtual machine support and a built-in remote desktop function.
* Windows 11 Pro for Workstations provides support for workstation-class hardware such as motherboards with multiple processor sockets and costs $310.

If you are a student you may be able to get a free version of Windows 11 through your school using Azure Dev Teaching (formerly Imagine Premium).

Any Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 product key can be used to activate a copy of Windows 11. This essentially gives you a free upgrade from an older version of Windows to the latest.

Microsoft maintains a list [https://partner.microsoft.com/en-us/dashboard/hardware/search/cpl|list of hardware] compatible with Windows.

=== Linux information and hardware support lists ===
As one of the most popular open-source (free) operating systems, '''GNU/Linux''' is a good alternative. Linux is a UNIX-like series of operating systems and comes in many different distributions, called &quot;distros&quot; for short. Popular distros of Linux intended for the desktop include [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Debian|Debian]], [[w:openSUSE|openSUSE]], [[w:MX Linux|MX Linux]], [[w:Elementary OS|Elementary OS]], [[w:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]], [[wikipedia:KDE neon|KDE Neon]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], and [[w:Arch Linux|Arch Linux]].

Linux has applications that can match most of the functionality of their proprietary alternatives. It should be noted, however, that many popular programs are not available for Linux, and the only way to run them is with special compatibility layers like [[w:Wine (software)|Wine]], which may or may not work with a specific program, or could only run with significant issues.

Unlike Windows, drivers in Linux are usually included in the distro. This means different distributions will support different hardware (generally more 'bleeding-edge' distributions will support newer hardware – look at Fedora, SUSE or Ubuntu, compared to the latest stable release of Debian). A search online will normally establish compatibility, otherwise a good rule of thumb to figure out compatibility is to buy hardware that is 12 to 18 months old, as it most likely has Linux support with most distributions, but won't be too old.

Graphics Drivers on Linux are interesting. AMD GPUs typically work fine out of the box thanks to the manufacturer backed open source [[w:AMDGPU|AMDGPU driver]] project, where the community open source [[w:nouveau (software)|nouveau]] project generally works well, but not to the same level as Nvidia's Proprietary drivers, which many distros do not include out of the box due to the licensing used by the driver. Intel Integrated Graphics typically works very well in Linux.

=== BSDs information and hardware support lists===
'''BSD''', or the '''Berkeley Software Distribution''', is also a UNIX-Like series of operating systems and could be considered the alternative to Linux. BSD is an open-source (free) operating system and has its own descendants, such as [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]]. Unlike Linux, BSD tends not to support &quot;new&quot; hardware but can handle a lot of both older and modern components. BSD and Linux share a variety of applications supported on both operating systems.
* DesktopBSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 5.4/i386] and [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-amd64.html FreeBSD 5.4/amd64]
* [http://wiki.dragonflybsd.org/index.php/Supported_Hardware Dragonfly BSD]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/ FreeBSD]
* [http://www.netbsd.org/Hardware/ NetBSD]
* [http://www.openbsd.org/plat.html OpenBSD]
* PC-BSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/6.0R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 6.0/i386]

===Hackintosh===
[[File:Hackintosh-780x495.jpg|thumb|A Hackintosh]]
A [[w:Hackintosh|Hackintosh]] is a computer based on commodity hardware which runs [[w:macOS|macOS]]. This is '''extremely''' risky and could end in utter failure if it is not done properly. macOS is designed with Apple computers in mind and trying to port them to a PC is risky and difficult. If you still want to attempt the same, read this.
# You'll be violating the Apple EULA.
# You should be using a comparable Intel CPU which should've been used by Apple in one of their computers. Although 14th gen Intel CPUs and 700-series motherboards are available, 10th gen Intel CPUs and 400-series motherboards are the last components fully supported by macOS.
# Apple is moving away from X86 CPUs, and your configuration may not work in the future. Updating between releases could be difficult even before this transition.
# CPU choice and graphics also matter. Look up your CPU/GPU combination to see if it works.
# You'll need to (mostly) get modified installers, as the official installers may block installation.
# You'll need patience and tinkering up with things if something goes wrong. An unsupported motherboard could even be destroyed by macOS.
# Some features, such as Apple Intelligence, only work on Apple silicon Macs, so Hackintoshes cannot use these features.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+List of supported GPUs (as of macOS Sequoia)
!GPU
!Supported?
|-
|HD 500 (6th gen Intel) or earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|HD 600 (7th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|UHD 600 (8-10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Intel G1-G7 (10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|11th gen Intel iGPUs and later
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Any Nvidia GPUs
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|AMD Vega iGPUs (Zen 1-3)
|{{Yes|Supported with patches}}
|-
|GCN GPUs (RX 200/300 series) and earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Polaris GPUs (RX 400/500 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Vega GPUs
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 1 GPUs (RX 5000 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 2 GPUs (RX 6000 series)
|{{Yes|Most GPUs supported}}
|-
|RDNA 3 GPUs (RX 7000 series)
|{{No|Not supported}}
|}

===Other Operating Systems===
These options are not recommended for the average user, but are included for the sake of completeness.

====Haiku====
Haiku is an operating system based on BeOS. Its main benefits are its specific focus on personal computing, and its cohesive interface.
The main drawback is that its still somewhat &quot;Beta&quot;, and can be unstable. Hardware support is iffy, too. If you really want to try Haiku, it's best to use a virtual machine or live USB, instead of installing directly onto your hardware.

== What will be the main function of the computer? ==
{{Warning|
'''Caution to high-end buyers''':

Higher-end Intel processors, specifically 13th and 14th generations (Raptor Lake) Intel Core i5, i7 and i9 processors may cause instability under load using the default motherboard settings. This is caused by degradation due to high elevated voltages. Intel released Intel Baseline Profile for these affected processors, which make these processors more stable under load, but loses about 10% performance. Therefore it is '''not recommended''' to buy these processors
&lt;ref&gt;https://wccftech.com/only-5-out-of-10-core-i9-13900k-2-out-of-10-core-i9-14900k-cpus-stable-in-auto-profile-intel-board-partners-stability-issues/ - retrieved 2024-05-04&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

As of August 2024, a BIOS update for these affected processors has rolled out for the affected processors, which addresses the instability, though not guaranteed.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards#stream-entry-27a4766f-6754-4e46-97f8-626f1ac05933 - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

Exceptions are 13/14th gen Core i3, which is basically recycled 12th gen Core i3, which hasn't caused instability and therefore are not affected. Arrow Lake (Core 200 series) CPUs are also unaffected.
}}
If you're going to build a computer from scratch for a specific purpose, you'll want to select each component with your use case in mind. Consider what you want to use the computer for, you may be able to save money by specifying expensive, premium parts only where needed.

Any reasonably configured computer built from current components will offer adequate Internet browsing and word-processing capabilities. For an office computer, this is often all that is needed. As long as you provide enough RAM for your chosen operating system (4 GB at least), any processor you can buy new will provide acceptable performance. If the computer is for gaming, a fast processor and the addition of a high-end graphics card and extra RAM will provide a more satisfactory gaming experience. Besides gaming, computers intended for video editing, serious audio work, CAD/CAM, or animation will benefit from beefier components which are specifically designed for that purpose.

Here are some general system categories. Your own needs will probably not fit neatly into one of these, but they are a good way to start thinking about what you are going to use your computer for. With each we’ve indicated the components you should emphasize when building the system and we've also included sample builds for each configuration, which you're free to modify it to fit your needs and budget.

===Simple web surfer===
To provide basic functionality to a user who just needs web surfing, a little word processing, and the occasional game of solitaire or Wordle, it’s best not to go overboard. Such a user has no need for a top of the line processor or 3D graphics card. A modestly configured system with an adequate Internet connection (DSL (5 Mbps) or better) will suit this user best and can be assembled quite cheaply.

This usage pattern is not going to stress any particular component; you should be looking at a mid- to low-level processor (historically, and currently, at about the $150 price point or less) such as Core i3 or Ryzen 5, enough RAM for the OS and number of browser tabs (4 GB minimum, 8 GB recommended, 16 GB for lots of tabs), and a motherboard with built in Ethernet, video and audio. You can use a mid-level case/power supply combo (these components are often sold as a pair). 

If you have a little extra money, spend it on a better monitor, mouse/keyboard, and case/power supply in that order.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbf;&quot; | '''Ultra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | ~$250
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Intel Processor 300 ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | UHD Graphics 710 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 8 W
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 83 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdf;&quot; | '''Extra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | ~$300
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600GT ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 7 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 139 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 139 W

|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL18 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 138 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5200 CL40 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 140 W
|}

===Office computer===
An office computer can be expected to do word processing, spreadsheet and database work, network access, e-mail and a little light development of spreadsheets, databases, and presentations. It might also be called on to do page layout work, some 2D graphic creation, and/or terminal emulation.

None of this stresses any particular component either, but since office workers often run several applications at the same time, and because time is money in this space, a strong mid-level processor is suggested. Typically this would be the processor one or two places from the top of the line. Plenty of RAM will also facilitate multitasking and save time.

You will not need much in the way of 3D graphics power so current generation integrated graphics solutions from both AMD and Intel are perfectly adequate for office tasks. You should be aware that they will appropriate a portion of the system RAM for video duties thus reducing the total amount of RAM available for the OS and other programs so play accordingly and increase the total system RAM amount to compensate. Choosing the fastest operating frequency RAM your motherboard and budget can support will positively improve the performance of integrated graphics. If you decide that you need a dedicated graphics card after all, opt for an inexpensive model. A sub $200 (for this and other prices in US dollars see [http://www.xe.com/ucc/ www.xe.com/ucc] or other currency converter of your choice for conversion into your local currency) video card with 4 GB of video RAM or more should be more than sufficient. However, do your research carefully because many inexpensive graphics cards actually have poorer performance than current generation integrated graphic solutions.

You should pick a case which looks professional and compliments the look of your office as well as your role in your work. Your case should also be sturdy, to withstand being kicked under a desk or knocked by cleaning staff. You'll also want a no frills but reliable power supply that meets your needs and won't let you down in the middle of a busy workday.

Any extra budget after the above should focus on a better monitor, better/more ergonomic mouse/keyboard and more RAM.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 144 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5600 CL28 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 8 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-8400 CL40 (2 x 16 GB) ($230)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 6 GB ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 44 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 443 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 8 GB ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 47 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 465 W
|}

===Server===
A server these days can be anything from a home unit that shares media files, documents, and printers over a local network, to a machine running a business-critical system for a small business, to a 3U rack mount unit serving up millions of hits a day on the Internet. 

The thing that most servers have in common is that they are always on and therefore reliability is a key characteristic. Also they serve more than one user while storing and processing important information. For this reason servers are often equipped with redundant systems such as dual power supplies, RAID5/6 arrays of four or more hard disks, special server grade processors that require error-correcting memory, multiple high-speed Ethernet connections, etc.

All of this is a little beyond the scope of the current work, but, in general, servers need lots of RAM, fast redundant hard drives, and the most reliable components your budget will allow. The CPU choice should be made in accordance with the use of the server. A simple print/fax server will do fine with a CPU stolen from a museum, whereas a server running a database and a front end for that, will work much better with a top of the line CPU. 

On the other end of the hardware list, since nobody is usually sitting at them, you can get away with the cheapest possible keyboard, mouse and monitor (in fact many servers run &quot;headless&quot; with no monitor at all). Graphics are also a very low priority on these machines, and a read only CD/DVD-ROM optical drive (used, infrequently, for installing software and updates) will do just fine.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7252 ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7282 ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7302 ($420)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7313 ($680)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 64 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 32 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Entry-level SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 32 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 32 GB) ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9224 ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-5600 (4 x 32 GB) ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9354 ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-6400 (4 x 32 GB) ($560)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9454 ($5000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 256 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 32 GB) ($1120)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9754 ($11000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 64 GB) ($2560)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 16 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($1400)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v5'''
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | ~$35000
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Dual socket SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($3000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Dual AMD Epyc 9754 CPUs ($22000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 768 GB DDR5-6400 (12 x 64 GB) ($3840)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 x 22 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($2800)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 1500 W Platinum power supply ($650)
|}

===Gaming system===
[[File:Gaming PC-Setup - Astaroth- The Completed System.jpg|right|thumb|A gaming PC setup.]]
We’re not talking here about the occasional game of solitaire or a secret late night Zuma obsession. We’re talking about cutting edge 3D gaming – first-person shooters or real-time strategy games with thousands of troops on the screen at the same time, with anisotropic filtering and anti-aliasing and mip-mapped specular reflections and a lot of other confusing terminology describing visual effects that will make anything less than a top-of-the-line system fall down on its knees and beg for mercy.

==== Gaming Processors ====
A top of the range processor is not critical to gaming performance (though it does help)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/gaming/serious-gaming.html intel : serious-gaming]&lt;/ref&gt;, but you will need at least a mid range one and plenty of RAM, as well as a motherboard to match, since the speed of the motherboard buses can limit high-end components. Please remember that if you plan on running the latest games in 4K, or even higher, on highest settings, or even with three monitors, you will need a high end processor. This will stop the chances of bottlenecking the GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) and not give you the gaming experience you want. The most important part will be the video card (or cards) with cutting edge GPUs. AMD, [[w:NVIDIA|NVIDIA]] and Intel have been competing for &quot;king of the graphics card&quot; honors for years and the competition is so keen that new cards running on new GPUs are released quite frequently.

Note that increasing the resolution does not increase the CPU workload, only the GPU workload and VRAM usage will increase. Assume if you are running a game at 1080p High settings at 90fps with 80% CPU usage and 95% GPU usage, then increasing the resolution to 1440p decreases the fps to 60, but the CPU usage decreases to 60%.

As a general rule, always buy the fastest GPU you can get with the CPU that will not be bottlenecked.

==== Audio Hardware ====
Most motherboards have decent or good audio hardware already built in. For most gamers this is adequate, and saves money that can be spent on other components that impact gameplay experience more.

A good sound card or external DAC or sound card can help drive high end headphones and other audiophile equipment. The DSPs (Digital Signal Processors) provided by this hardware can provide a higher end and cleaner audio experience. Currently [[w:Creative Labs|Creative Labs]] and ASUS Xonar are the leading brands, but again do your research (partly by reading on) and get the best audio solution for your needs.

==== Gaming PSUs ====
Finally all of these components are going to require a pretty hefty power supply. Generally a serious gaming rig will require at least a 750 watt supply; consumer units are available up to 2000 watts (2 Kilowatts) as anything higher on a single outlet is likely to trip a home circuit breaker.

==== VRAM usage ====
VRAM (short for video memory) is the memory in a GPU. Unlike system RAM, it cannot be upgraded by end users. The only way to add more VRAM is by buying a new GPU with more VRAM.

VRAM is important, because VRAM usage on AAA game releases since early 2023 like ''The Last of Us Part I'', ''Forspoken'' and ''Hogwarts Legacy'' can exceed 8 GB when running Ultra settings even at 1080p. Having too little VRAM can cause stutters when running these games at higher settings. You probably do not want to buy a GPU with less than 8 GB VRAM, like RTX 3050 6 GB and RX 6500 XT 4 GB.

For example, in 2020 an user bought a Nvidia GeForce RTX 3070 for $900 at that time (typical pricing due to GPU cryptocurrency mining crisis in 2020-22, $500 MSRP). It was a great GPU for running era-appropriate games like ''Cyberpunk 2077'' at 1440p. Fast forward to 2023 and the RTX 3070, with only 8GB VRAM, struggles to run ''The Last of Us Part I'' properly at 1440p due to VRAM limitations, requiring to drop resolution or texture detail down to get a playable experience. This also applies to RTX 3060 Ti, 3070 Ti and even 3080 10GB.

Here are the recommendations:
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ Recommendations
|-
!Tier
!1080p gaming
!1440p gaming
!240Hz 1440p gaming
!4K gaming
|-
|VRAM
|At least 8 GB
|At least 12 GB
|At least 12 GB
|At least 16 GB
|-
|List of graphics cards
|
Used graphics cards that costs less than $200
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1070 ''(used)'' ($80)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1070 Ti ''(used)'' ($190)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080 ''(used)'' ($100)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080 Ti ''(used)'' ($120)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2060 Super ''(used)'' ($140)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 ''(used)'' ($150)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super ''(used)'' ($170)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 ''(used)'' ($190)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Super ''(used)'' ($200)
*Nvidia GeForce Titan X ''(used)'' ($100)
*AMD Radeon RX 570 8 GB ''(used)'' ($60)
*AMD Radeon RX 580 8 GB ''(used)'' ($70)
*AMD Radeon RX 590 ''(used)'' ($70)
*AMD Radeon RX Vega 56 ''(used)'' ($90)
*AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 ''(used)'' ($100)
*AMD Radeon VII ''(used)'' ($170)
*AMD Radeon RX 5500 XT 8 GB ''(used)'' ($90)
*AMD Radeon RX 5700 ''(used)'' ($110)
*AMD Radeon RX 5700 XT ''(used)'' ($130)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 ''(used)'' ($180)
New graphics cards that costs less than $300
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 8 GB ($200)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($280)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 ($290)
*AMD Radeon RX 6600 ($190)
*AMD Radeon RX 6600 XT ($220)
*AMD Radeon RX 6650 XT ($230)
*AMD Radeon RX 7600 ($250)
*Intel Arc A580 ($170)
*Intel Arc A750 ($190)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $450 and have performance rating over 100 (baseline of RTX 3060 12 GB)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($280)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($390)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB ($430)
*Nvidia Titan X Pascal ''(used)'' ($180)
*Nvidia Titan Xp ''(used)'' ($200)
*Nvidia Titan V ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 XT ($310)
*AMD Radeon RX 6750 XT ($320)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($300)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT ($310)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($360)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($450)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $700 and have performance rating over 160
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($390)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 Ti ''(used)'' ($470)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 ''(used)'' ($690)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 ($500)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Super ($580)
*Nvidia Titan RTX ''(used)'' ($530)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($300)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($360)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($650)
|
Graphics cards that have performance rating over 200
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 ''(used)'' ($690)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 Ti ''(used)'' ($820)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti Super ($780)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 ''(used)'' ($930)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 Super ($1000)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 ($1800)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($650)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX ($870)
|}

==== Tying the gaming rig together ====

As you may have noticed, pretty much every component inside the computer needs to be top of the line; the same is true outside the case. You’ll want a big, high refresh rate monitor (at least 27” 120Hz), and a high sensitivity mouse. There are even gaming keyboards with the keys specially arranged, as well as joysticks, throttle controllers, driving wheels, etc.

So, given that your budget is not bottomless, how do you prioritize? Well, the processor and video card are the components that will have the most effect on your gaming performance. Next comes the motherboard and RAM. One of the advantages to building your own computer is that you can get the components you can afford now and plan to upgrade them later.

A note on cases for gaming rigs – it is not necessary to get a case with a side window that reveals glowing RGB fans and revolving animated heat-sinks. A well-built plain case will do just as well and let you spend more money on the components that matter. But if you have the cash, and that’s your taste, there are lots of flashy add-ons available these days.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | B450 DDR4 motherboard ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 580 8 GB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 6600 8 GB ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600 ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT 16 GB ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 9600X ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE 16 GB ($520)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT 20 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX 24 GB ($850)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-6200 CL36 (2 x 24 GB) ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 32 GB) ($210)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($280)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|}

=== Entertainment system/media center ===
This is a computer designed to sit in the living room with the rest of your A/V gear. The idea is that it will record and serve audio and video files for replay via your existing television and stereo. The current notion is that this computer should be built in a special case that makes it look more like a stereo component, the size of which can present a challenge when it comes to getting all the necessary parts fitted.

For this system a mid-range processor will be fine, along with a generous amount of RAM. A gigabit or better Ethernet connection will facilitate sharing large files. You’ll also want a TV tuner card (or two) to get video in and out of the machine. Many of these also provide [[w:digital video recorder|DVR]] (digital video recorder) functionality, often without the monthly subscription fees and [[w:digital rights management|DRM]] (digital rights management) restrictions required by companies like Tivo. A wireless keyboard and mouse provide for couch-based use and a separate monitor may be unnecessary as your TV will fill that role.

All components should be as quiet as possible since you'll likely be watching/listening in the same room. For this application it makes sense to trade a little power for passively-cooled (without fans) parts. Following this logic, one may consider fan-less CPUs and mainboards.

You may also want an IR receiver to let you use your existing remote control as media buttons.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics / video card
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Intel Core i5-12400T ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 450 W Plus power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 141 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13400T ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 500 W Plus power supply ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 160 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 17 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 165 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 16 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 16 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;High-end TV tuner card ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Dual high-end TV tuner cards ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 20 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 197 W
|}

===Workstation===
{{Info|Workstation builds are for professionals who will fully leverage the features offered. You don't need a workstation for casual or even professional video editing, music production, CAD, programming, etc. Amateurs, hobbyists, and small businesses can save quite a bit of money by simply running workstation applications on consumer class hardware. In many cases a high end gaming PC will provide equivalent performance at a fraction of the cost of a workstation. For these users, simply adding the peripherals used by specific workstation setups can effectively turn their normal computers into a sort of psuedo-workstation.}}

A workstation was originally a single-user computer with more muscle than a PC intended to support a demanding technical application, like CAD or complicated array-based simulations of real world phenomena. Once the domain of cutting edge computer companies, this category has experienced a rebirth as high performance and reliable PCs for professional use. Unlike a gaming PC, reliability becomes much more important - Time is money after all.

For any of the following uses, you will want
* A solid and reliable power supply
* A processor and motherboard platform that supports [[wikipedia:ECC_memory|ECC memory]].
* Lots of ECC memory more reliability.
* A 64 bit version of the OS to take full advantage of the extra ram and software features used by many workstation programs.
* A GPU that can run desired applications on multiple high resolution displays.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-12600K ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A1000 8 GB ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 6 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 12 GB ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 24 GB) ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 32 GB) ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X ($480)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 96 GB DDR5-6400 CL36 (2 x 48 GB) ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7960X ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 192 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (4 x 48 GB) ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 2 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 1200 W Tier A power supply ($200)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7970X ($2400)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 384 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (8 x 48 GB) ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB ($6500)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7980X ($4700)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (8 x 64 GB) ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Dual Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB GPUs (96 GB total) ($13000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 2000 W Tier A power supply ($500)
|}


====Video editing====
Big and fast storage drives are key. Solid State Drives in RAID0 as working space with multiple multi Terabyte or larger drives for storage is a good target. A large amount of memory  would be beneficial, as would a fast CPU, with many cores/threads, especially if you intend to render effects or wish to quickly transcode video. Most editing and transcoding programs utilize some form of GPU acceleration (primarily OpenCL and/or CUDA), where the graphics processor is used, along with the CPU, to perform many calculations at the same time, greatly reducing processing time, compared to CPU-only processing.

====Music production====

Plenty of disk space and RAM is important, but a music production (recording and mixing) workstation is chiefly distinguished by specialized external components – studio reference monitors instead of normal speakers, mixing consoles, microphones, etc. Even the acoustics of the room your computer is in becomes an important factor. If you want to record external sources, like vocals or instruments, you'll need an audio interface which allows you to plug mics or instruments into your computer.

Computers meant to be installed near live recordings often use near or totally silent cooling solutions.

Audio interfaces allow anything from a single microphone or instrument on up to pro level systems that have 32 or more simultaneous inputs. These separate inputs will allow you to record each one as a separate track in your DAW. Most use Steinberg's ASIO interface (a software driver that connects your hardware to your DAW software). If you don't wish to invest in anything other than the onboard sound card your computer comes with, consider ASIO4All, a free driver that imitates the ASIO framework for almost any sound card.

One piece of advice, if you have extra money, get better microphones - even if you have to trade the Bluesmobile.

====CAD/CAM====
('''C'''omputer '''A'''ssisted '''D'''esign / '''C'''omputer '''A'''ided '''M'''anufacturing)

A CAD/CAM workstation is usually a machine that runs a single, very intense, application. These machines often utilize specialized video hardware, like the [[w:Nvidia Quadro|Nvidia Quadro]] and[[w:Radeon Pro|AMD Radeon Pro]] series of GPUs, which are designed specifically for CAD/CAM rendering. Since these machines are usually devoted to a single, expensive, application it's especially important to pay close attention to the requirements of that application. Spec the hardware to support the software - always a good idea but especially important here. 

Some examples of this specialized software are [[w:Autodesk 3ds Max|Autodesk 3ds Max]], [[w:Autodesk Maya|Autodesk Maya]], [[w:AutoCAD|AutoCAD]], [[w:Cinema 4D|Cinema 4D]] and [[w:Maxwell Render|Maxwell Render]] amongst [[w:Comparison of computer-aided design editors|many others]].

=== Mining rig ===
A mining rig is a computer designed to mine cryptocurrency with the use of multiple high-end GPUs. Graphics cards are the most important for mining. You should get a case and motherboard that are specifically designed for multiple graphics cards. To supply all of power to the components, you will need a Gold or better power supply capable of supplying lots of power. CPU, RAM and storage are the lowest priorities.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 12 GB ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti 12 GB ($800)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB ($1150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 1000 W Gold power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 8 GB) ($55)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB (32 GB total) ($2300)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (48 GB total) ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1500 W Gold power supply ($420)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 3 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (72 GB total) ($4800)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 2300 W Platinum power supply ($800)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 6 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (144 GB total) ($9600)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Dual 2300 W Platinum power supplies ($1600)
|}

== Do I plan on overclocking my computer? ==
[[File:Cooler Master Hyper 212 Plus vs. Intel Stock.jpg|thumb|An aftermarket CPU heatsink side by side with a stock heatsink. Larger heatsinks help keep components cool during overclocking, and larger fans often help either move much more air through a system for the same level of noise, or move the same amount of air for much less noise.]]
Overclocking consists of running components at faster internal speeds than they are rated for, gaining a bit of extra performance out of the part. If you are serious about overclocking your computer, you need to do extensive research into the components you select, as some parts respond to overclocking better than others. Overclocking usually voids your warranty and is risky as you can shorten the life of your components or even burn them out completely! You need to take cooling the computer more seriously as overclocking generates additional heat. Anything from a few extra fans to a liquid-cooled system may be necessary depending on the nature of your system.

Many parts that are the same model can overclock differently due to manufacturer binning, leading to a &quot;Silicon Lottery&quot; of sorts. For example, consider three different Raptor Lake 13700K CPUs that are installed in identical systems - a good chip can clock up to about 5.7 GHz, an excellent one may be able to hit 6.1 GHz, while a bad one may stop at 5.3 GHz. If you are willing to pay more, some vendors sell pre-binned CPUs which have been previously tested to overclock well.

Most AMD processors can be overclocked. For Intel processors, only the K series CPUs (which cost about $20-40 USD more than the normal version) and the Extreme Series generally allow full overclocking.

== Do I plan on underclocking my computer? == 
This can be ideal for always-on entertainment systems. Underclocked parts run cooler, often enabling passive cooling options to be used, which leads to a much quieter system, and you'll also save on power.

However, you'll lose performance from the CPU. You may wish to ''undervolt'' the CPU instead; see the [[../Silencing|Silencing]] section to find out how.

== Can I use any of the parts from my old computer? ==
[[File:2017 mid range pc in late 1990s case.jpg|thumb|A 2017 PC built in a case from the 1990's. While this decision sacrifices front IO and modern airflow designs, it does save money on the case. Some communities exist that build &quot;Sleeper PCs&quot;, modern high performance computers built to look like under powered or obsolete computers.]]
This depends on your situation; if your computer is more than four years old, chances are that most of the parts will be too old, slow or incompatible for your new machine. On the other hand, if you are upgrading from a fairly new machine, you may be able to use many of the parts. All of this assumes the old computer will no longer be used. If you, or someone else, is going to continue using your old computer, it's probably best just to leave it intact.

One important point – if you are selling your old computer it's a good idea to erase the hard drive before giving it to its new owner. A simple 'delete' command does not actually erase the data on your hard drive,leaving things like financial documents, passwords, healthcare records, browser history, and personal photos potentially recoverable through easy to use recovery software. To avoid this, programs are available that will effectively 'shred' your data, making it unrecoverable. Driver software that comes with some hard drives may also have programs to do this, that write 0s or 1s (either way, &quot;blankness&quot;) to the whole drive. Lower-tech approaches include drilling a few holes in the drive or taking a blowtorch to it. Obviously, either prevents it from being used again (Be planet friendly and try to avoid this).

Since monitor technology moves quite slowly, you can probably keep your current monitor and use it on the new computer if it's of sufficient size and clarity for your work. The same can go for keyboards, as well as mice, printers, scanners, and possibly speaker sets. On the inside, you may be able to take out the storage drive, and expansion cards. If your components are especially old, the features integrated into the motherboard may actually be superior to your old components, so testing with and without these your old devices is recommended. Sometimes so much is used from the old computer, that the line between an upgrade and a new computer can become blurred.

Reusing a hard drive is an easy way to keep data from your old computer. With most Windows operating systems moving a boot drive from one motherboard to another will entail a series of reboots and installation of new drivers. Back up your data before trying this, and note that Windows will usually ask you to reactivate. Keep the licence key ready.

== Where do I find the parts? ==
[[File:The Apple Department at the Queens, NY Micro Center.jpg|thumb|Computer retailers can be a handy source for parts, and often offer easy returns.]]
Once you have decided what you’re going to use your computer for, and have reviewed which parts are available for reuse, you should make a list of what components you will need to buy. A few hours of research can save you years of regret, so make sure that the computer you build will do what you need it to do. 

Computer terminology can be confusing, so if there are terms you don’t understand, be sure to look them up. Wikipedia is an excellent place to start if, for example, you’re not clear on the difference between, say, DDR4 and DDR5 memory.

There are several places to buy parts:

* '''Internet retailers''' generally offer the best price for new parts. If a part needs to be returned, you may be stuck for the shipping; check return policies before you purchase.
* '''Auction sites''' like eBay and several others offer very good prices for used parts. This is especially useful for parts which do not wear out, like RAM, and unlike HDD/SSDs. Returns can be problematic or impossible. Some auctions may not be legitimate. Always check the shipping cost before you bid.
* '''Local PC shops''' - Their prices are often higher, but they may make up for this by providing a lot of expertise. Get opinions from other sources, however, as they may be eager to sell you parts you don't need.
* '''Big box stores''' often lack technical expertise and charge higher prices, but can be useful because they usually handle returns quickly. Also good if you need something right away.
* '''Trade shows''' that occur from time to time also provide a good place to shop, as the prices are often significantly reduced, and the variety of prefabricated computers built towards specific computing needs tend to be higher.

Also, your local town dump may have a special section for computers and monitors that others have got rid of. These can be more or less brand new computers with trivial problems such as a busted power supply or faulty cables. Of course if the dump does have such a section, you should ask permission of those in charge. They're usually glad to let you go through it, but don't leave a mess. Taking advantage of this can yield incredible finds, with a price tag of nothing or very little.
=== OEM vs Retail ===
[[File:AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750G 6913.jpg|thumb|An OEM CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 Pro 4750G.]]
Many hardware manufacturers will sell the same components in both OEM and Retail versions. Retail hardware is intended to be sold to the end-user through retail channels, and will come fully packaged with manuals, accessories, software, etc. OEM stands for &quot;original equipment manufacturer&quot;; items labeled as such are intended to be sold in bulk for use by firms which integrate the components into their own products. 

However, many online stores will offer OEM hardware at (slightly) cheaper prices than the corresponding retail versions. You will usually receive such an item by itself in an anti-static bag. It may or may not come with a manual or a CD containing drivers. Warranties on OEM parts may often be shorter or nonexistent, and sometimes require you to obtain support through your vendor, rather than the manufacturer. OEM components are also sometimes specified differently than their retail counterparts, parts may be clocked slower, and ports or features may be missing. Some of the support may be less (as in the case of Microsoft). Again, do your research.

== What should affect the choice of any part/peripheral? ==
Many things should be taken into account when deciding what parts to buy. Below are some things to consider.

=== Compatibility ===
You’ll want to make sure that all the parts you buy work together without problems. The CPU, the motherboard, and the RAM in particular must be compatible with each other. Check the motherboard manufacturer's web site; most will list compatible RAM and processors. Often quality RAM that is not on the approved list (but is of the proper type) will work anyway, but the manufacturers list of processors should be rigidly adhered to, as even when a processor is supported by the socket on the motherboard, the motherboard firmware may not support it.

You’ll also want to make sure that your operating system supports the hardware you choose. Windows is supported by almost everything, though watch out for older components if you're planning on using Windows 11. If you have any interest in running Linux, or another operating system now or in the future, buy parts that are supported by that OS (Operating System). Check online to make sure there is no history of your chosen components causing issues when used together, or with software you plan on running.

=== Ergonomics ===
[[File:Delux M618 vertical mouse.jpg|thumb|This ergonomic mouse looks strange, but it is designed to reduce strain on your hands.]]
Ergonomics is the science of designing things so that they work with the human body. This is obviously important when choosing peripherals such as a keyboard or mouse but should also be considered when selecting a monitor, and especially when setting up the computer for your use. If your wrist hurts or you’re getting a crick in your neck, look at the physical setup of your computer, check your chair height and posture. An ounce of prevention here can avert troublesome repetitive strain injuries. Learning to type without looking down at the keyboard is very useful for avoiding neck strain.

=== Operating temperature ===
[[File:No blue smoke.jpg|thumb|A computer chip that has burnt out. Preventing damage like this is much easier then repairing it.]]
Modern components, notably processors, GPUs, RAM, and some elements on the motherboard, are very small and draw a lot of power. A small area doing a lot of work with a lot of power leads to high temperatures. Various factors can cause electronic parts to break down over time and all of these factors are exacerbated by heat. Very high temperatures can burn out chips almost instantly, while running hot can shorten the useful life of a part, so the cooler we can make these parts, the better.

If you are not going to overclock your system, stock air cooling, when paired with a good case with adequate fans, should be enough to keep your system cool. If you want a quiet computer then components designed for passive (fan-less) cooling can be paired with very low noise case fans (or a well-vented case). In general, high-end parts will require more attention to cooling.

To keep your system at a proper operating temperature, you can monitor vital components with software (which usually comes with your motherboard). If you are seeing high temps, make sure the interior of your case is dust free, and remember that most cooling solutions can not reduce the temperature of your computer parts below room temperature. Of course, unless you happen to have your computer outdoors in a climate such as the Sahara, room temperature will be well within the thermal limits of any component on your computer.

Which brings us to overclocking. It's specialty cooling solutions that make overclocking possible, a processor that might run stable at a maximum of 4.4 GHz at {{convert|65|C|F}} could hit speeds as high as 5.6 GHz with specialized cooling systems. A sensible person wanting a 20% overclock could add a special fan/heatsink to his CPU and some extra case fans. An enthusiast seeking a major overclock might go with a water-cooling solution for the CPU and GPU and sometimes other chips. The real fanatics have been known to use liquid nitrogen or total immersion in pure water or oil. You should not try any of the more extreme solutions unless you really know what you're doing.

=== Price ===
Today, there are a wide array of hardware components and peripherals tailored to fit every home computing need and budget. With all these options to choose from, it can be a bit overwhelming if you've never bought computer parts before. Shop around and remember to factor in shipping and handling, and taxes. Some places may be priced a bit higher, but offer perks such as free shipping, limited warranties, or 24-hour tech support. Many websites, such as [http://www.cnet.com CNET] and [http://www.zdnet.com ZDNet] offer comprehensive reviews, user ratings, and links to stores, including price comparisons. 

Since prices for any given part are always falling, it’s tempting to just wait until the part you want goes down in price. Unfortunately the reason prices decline is that better/faster parts are coming out all the time, so the part you want this year that costs $500 may well be $300 next year, but by that time you won’t want it any more, you’ll want the new, better part that still costs $500. At some point you’ve got to get on the bus and ride, even if the prices are still falling.

Usually the best bet is to buy just behind the bleeding edge, where, typically, you can get 90% of the performance of the top of the line part for 50% or 60% of the price. That last 10% is very expensive and if you don’t need it, you can save a lot of money with the second-tier part. 

It's a good idea to think about future upgradeability when selecting some components. While the computer that you're building today may be fine for your current needs you may want to upgrade it later. So look for components that support the newest standards and have room for future expansion, like a motherboard that will allow you to fit more memory than you are planning to use, or a case that has room for extra storage drives. If your current machine is maxed out the only possible upgrade is often a new machine.

You may also find that by over-specifying in some areas you can save money on others, e.g. if you don't currently need WiFi but you do need Bluetooth then you might want to purchase a WiFi card anyway as some of the higher end WiFi cards also support Bluetooth.

=== Performance ===
If money is no object just buy the most powerful components you can find. If, like most of us, there are limits to what you can/want to spend, then focus on those areas where more powerful parts will pay off for you and scrimp on others. Always look for that sweet spot on the price/performance curve where you get the most bang for your buck. When deciding where to cut back, remember that you have the option to upgrade in the future. Some components are easier to upgrade then others such as RAM, where an upgrade is as simple as popping more into a free slot. Other upgrades, such as replacing the CPU or GPU with a better model are more costly, as the original often serves no purpose following the upgrade (But may be resold online to recoup some of the cost).

== Primary components ==
These are the components that will be the core of your new computer. It is impractical to put together a PC compatible computer without these components and a bare set of peripherals.

[[Image:Personal_computer,_exploded_4.svg|right|thumb|350px|Exploded view of a personal computer:
&lt;br&gt;1 [[w:Computer display|Monitor]]
&lt;br&gt;2 [[w:Personal computer#Motherboard|Motherboard]]
&lt;br&gt;3 [[w:Personal computer#Central processing unit|CPU (Microprocessor)]]
&lt;br&gt;4 [[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|ATA]] sockets
&lt;br&gt;5 [[w:Personal computer#Main memory|Main memory (RAM)]]
&lt;br&gt;6 [[w:Expansion card|Expansion cards]]
&lt;br&gt;7 [[w:Power supply unit|Power supply unit]]
&lt;br&gt;8 [[w:Optical disc|Optical disc drive]]
&lt;br&gt;9 [[w:Personal computer#Hard disk drive|Hard disk drive (HDD)]]
&lt;br&gt;10 [[w:Computer_keyboard|Keyboard]]
&lt;br&gt;11 [[w:Mouse (computing)|Mouse]] 
]]

=== Case ===
{{Wikipedia| ATX#Power_supply}}
The case is one of the most practical straightforward parts of a computer. A case can also be aesthetically pleasing, and help improve your computing experience.

==== Form factor ====
Form factor is the specification that provides the physical measurements for the size of components supported. Your case should support one or more of the following common formfactors. It's a good idea to match the formfactor of a case with a motherboard.

=====Large Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:EATX|EATX]] or Extended ATX boards are {{convert|12|x|13|in|cm}}. This format is almost exclusive to workstation and high end gaming computers.
* [[Wikipedia:ATX|ATX]] is the most common form factor and is the de facto standard. Supports about 7 expansion slots.

These formfactors offer the most amount of flexibility in expansion. These spacious cases are often easy to work in, but hard to move around.

=====Small Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:microATX|microATX]], or µATX, is smaller than standard ATX. Many cases that support ATX also allow micro-ATX. Supports about 4 expansion slots.
* [[Wikipedia:Mini-ITX|Mini-ITX]] is even smaller at {{convert|6.75|in|cm}} square. Supports at most one expansion slot.

These form-factors let you build relatively small and even portable computers, ideal for taking to LAN parties or for people who frequently move.

Slim cases are offered in these form factors. These cases are significantly thinner than regular cases. However, you will be limited to using slim expansion cards as well. You may also need to use laptop components in some areas to save space depending on the case.

Particularly small cases can be hard to work in and offer limited expansion. They may have airflow problems, and cable management can be a challenge. You may need to find low profile cooling units, and the case may not support regular sized power supplies. You may also want to get angled cables or adapters if spacing between parts is tight, and you suspect it would make your work easier.

==== Drive Bays ====
Internal storage drives take up space in the case, so make sure you consider how many drives you will need and what size slot they require. Not all cases support every drive size.

There are several bay sizes, and each has a typical use.
* 5.25&quot; bays typically hold optical drives, fan controllers, or other accessories, and are external facing.
* 3.5&quot; external bays are typically used for smaller versions of accessories found in 5.25&quot; bays (But not optical drives).
* 3.5&quot; internal bays are used for holding desktop hard disks or an SSD.
* 2.5&quot; bays are typically used for holding an SSD or laptop size hard disk.
Note that it's possible to buy adapters to fit items that go in small bays (usually hard drives) into large bays.

Many cases offer modular drive bays, which can be removed if they are not needed to make space for other components. This can be useful if a drive bay is getting in the way of another component, such as a long graphics card.

Some cases designed for minimalist aesthetics or gaming will not use external drive bays to make room for better airflow. If you use a case like this and need an optical drive, you will have to get an external drive.

If you are planning on using an M.2 SSD, your motherboard will provide a slot for your storage device. Some cases will have dedicated mounting points for 2.5&quot; storage drives, which can free up space in other areas of the case.

==== Front IO ====
Almost all cases will feature a power on button on the front of the case. Other common IO featured on the front of cases includes audio jacks, USB ports, a reset button, status lights, and other features. 

It's important to consider where the front IO is on the case you buy, and how it factors into your workspace. For example, if your case will just barely fit under your desk, IO located on the very top of your case could be hard to use.

In rare instances when you are not purchasing a new case you need new to get front IO separately from your case, (For example, when using an very old, nonstandard, or DIY case) there are simple kits available that give you a power button and a few IO ports. Alternatively you can manually use a jumper each time you want to turn the computer on, though this is somewhat tedious.

==== Computer Aesthetics ====
Cases are typically made of steel or more rarely aluminum, and usually have accents made out of plastic. More exotic case materials are sometimes used such as wood.

Some cases hide their 5.25&quot; bays with a door for a cleaner look. This has a practical benefit of helping reduce drive noise.

A quality case will include features that make it easier to manage cables. Besides looking better, by keeping cables out of the way and orderly, maintenance and troubleshooting is made easier.

Cases typically mount the power supply in either the top of the case, or the bottom. Some higher end cases will have a separate chamber for the power supply, assisting cable management and giving it a degree separation from the hot components in the rest of the case.

Many cases will have windows installed. These provide a view into the system, and can highlight nice looking components. When moving a computer with a windowed case, keep in mind that an acrylic window will easily scratch, and a glass window may shatter. A solid sheet of metal is best when it comes to blocking noise and durability.

Many gamers use components with RGB lighting to give their computer flair. Keep in mind that there aren't really unified standards for RGB lighting, so if you want to mix and match between different manufacturers and coordinate the resulting lightshow you'll need to use multiple software products at the same time. RGB LED light strips, or their older counterpart cold cathode lights can be used to provide lighting if your components lack integrated lights.

Some cases feature integral noise reducing foam, offering a clean look while providing the benefits of noise reduction.

Many people like to [[w:Case modding|mod their cases]]. There are many easy mods that can be done before your computer is built (And all electronics are removed from the case), such as painting the case a different color, or giving it a funky coat of paint through [[w:Water transfer printing|Hydro dipping]]

A case stand can be a good tool to use if you plan on placing your computer on the ground, as it creates additional clearance from things such as dirt, dust, and carpets.

You may want to use a dust cover for unused ports. This helps you avoid trying to plug in devices into the wrong ports when reaching behind a case, and helps make cleaning easier. Dust covers also exist for external peripherals such as monitors if you plan on storing them away for a while.

===Cooling===
==== Fans ====
[[File:Fans from computer case - front and back - 2018-05-22.jpg|thumb|Two fans of different sizes.]]

Most cases mount one or more case fans, distinct from the fans that may be attached to the power supply, video card and CPU. The purpose of a case mounted fan is to move air through the system and carry excess heat out. This is why some cases may have two or more fans mounted in a push-pull configuration (one fan pulls cool outside air in, the other pushes hot interior air out). The more air these fans can move, the cooler things will generally be. 

Fans for case cooling currently come in two common sizes, 80&amp;nbsp;mm and 120&amp;nbsp;mm, and computer cases tend to support one size or the other. The larger 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans spin more slowly while moving a given volume of air, and slower fans are usually quieter fans, so the 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans are generally preferred, even though they cost a little more. Good 80&amp;nbsp;mm fans can still be fairly quiet, so while fan size is a factor, it shouldn't be a deal-breaker if the case has other features you like.

Make sure the power plug on the chosen case fan is supported by your motherboard; 3- and 4-pin connectors are common. Fans can also be powered directly by the PSU, but in that configuration, the motherboard can't control or report the fan's speed.

Variable speed fans with built-in temperature sensing are available. Variable speed fans tend to run quieter than constant speed fans, as they only move as much air as needed to maintain a set temperature within the case or the power supply box. Under typical operating conditions they may be barely audible.

Since fans run continuously when the computer is turned on, bearing selection may be important for long life. 
* The least expensive fans use '''sleeve bearings'''. As the fan ages, the lubricant in the sleeve bearing dries out and eventually the bearing wears, allowing the fan blade to nutate or vibrate, making it very noisy. In severe cases the bearing may seize and the fan will stop turning entirely, possibly jeopardizing the computer when ventilation fails. 
* The most expensive fans tend to be those that use '''ball bearings''', but they also have very long service lives. It isn't uncommon for a ball bearing fan to run continuously for 7 to 10 years&amp;nbsp;— possibly longer than the useful technological life of the computer within which it is mounted. Ball bearing fans tend to be slightly noisier than sleeve bearing fans. 
* A fairly recent type of fan bearing is a '''magnetic''' or '''&quot;maglev&quot;''' bearing, which uses a magnetic field to suspend the fan rotor without physical contact. Such fans exhibit practically zero bearing wear and barring a failure in their motor drive components, have essentially an infinite service life. Maglev bearings also tend to be completely silent, and when used in a variable speed fan, can produce practically silent ventilation.

The orientation of fans inside your case can have a big impact on cooling, as well as how quickly dust builds up. Some cases will include dust traps to reduce the amount of dust entering a system. Aftermarket dust filters also exist, but can be harder to mount.

==== Water Cooling ====
[[File:Deepcool cooler.png|thumb|An all in one cooler mounted on a CPU.]]
A water cooling system will cool parts by running water over a heatsink. a pump moves the water in a closed loop, which goes to a radiator for cooling. Additional parts, such as flow sensors and quick connects, can make maintaining a water cooling setup easier. Since the radiator can be placed anywhere, it can be much bigger then a typical heatsink, allowing for more efficient cooling. Typically water cooling is used for the CPU, but it can also be used for other components, such as graphics cards. Custom water cooling setups can either use hard tubing or soft tubing. Some manufacturers make All in One (AIO) watercooling units, which is basically a water cooling solution that's prebuilt. 

Compared to air cooling, water cooling adds significant cost, complexity, and risk to a system build. However it can allow for quieter operation, and a well built water cooling setup can look great.

====Minor component cooling====
While shopping for coolers you may see passive, fan, or even water cooling solutions for RAM, chipsets, SSDs and other devices. These devices do not typically produce significant heat, and do not require additional cooling. These devices are mainly aimed at serious overclockers and those who want to improve the aesthetics of these components. However running components cooler to a point can be good for their lifespan, and adding these components typically only hurts your wallet.

=== Power Supply ===
{{Wikipedia| Power supply unit (computer)}}
[[File:Modular vs non-modular PSU.JPG|thumb|A modular power supply on the left sits next to a non-modular power supply on the right. By allowing you to select only the cables you need, Modular power supplies make cable management much easier.]]
====Power Supply Basics====
The power supply unit (PSU) is a device that converts the electricity from the power grid into a form you can use. The power supply you choose needs to supply enough stable DC power to all the components and even to some of the peripherals. It needs also to be consistent, by complying with accurate standard voltages, i.e. the 12 volt rail needs to supply 12 volts (within normal tolerances of 10% or so) steadily under any foreseeable load, likewise the 3 and 5v rails at their respective voltages. Cheap power supplies tend to fall down in these areas. There are several tech-heavy websites that actually throw a multimeter on the PSU in the course of a review, seek these out and make sure you select a quality PSU.

====PSU Specs====
Power supplies typically use one of two ratings, one being the continuous rating and the other being the peak rating. The continuous rating is how much power can be delivered indefinitely, and the peak rating is how much power can be delivered for a limited period of time. You want to go by the continuous rating to be safe. There are several calculators that try to help you select an adequate PSU for your system, which are linked in the footer.

Your power supply should have the right number of connectors for your needs e.g. six-pin PCI power, ATX12VO vs. 24-pin motherboard connectors, etc. If you are planning on running two or more video cards in SLI (NVIDIA) or Crossfire (AMD) mode, make sure your power supply is certified for that use. Most power supplies will have cables long enough for most any case, but some larger cases will make good cable management difficult with power-supplies that have shorter cables.

Cheap power supplies often require you to select your mains voltage with a switch. Higher quality power supplies have circuitry that actively adjusts for incoming voltage, and thus do not need to be told what voltage to expect. It's always a good idea to check to make sure a power supply is compatible with the mains power used in your country prior to use.

Choose an efficient PSU. Efficient PSUs run cooler and more quietly and thus do not create as much noise which is important if you plan to sleep or think in the same room with it or use it as a media center PC. They also reduce energy usage, which in turn saves money on the electric bill. 

If your budget allows, consider opting for a modular PSU. These have connectors that can be added or removed, which allows for more versatility and also reduces clutter.
The power supply also has an exhaust fan that is responsible for cooling the power supply, as well as providing a hot air exhaust for the entire case. Some power supplies have two fans to promote this effect. 

It is important to buy a power supply that can accommodate all of the components involved. A bad or inadequate power supply can fail and destroy not only itself, but potentially the rest of the computer, so it's important to get a decent one. Keep in mind that having a higher-rated power supply will not draw much more power than what your computer actually uses, but it may decrease the efficiency of the unit if significantly less power is being drawn then what the power supply is rated for.

====PSU accessories====

A surge protector is a good idea. Not only does this help protect your computer, it also can expand an outlet for more peripherals. Higher end surge protectors often include protection for network cables as well.

To supplement a PSU, consider getting an [[w:Uninterruptible Power Supply|Uninterruptible Power Supply]] (UPS). This is a device that provides a few minutes of temporary power to your computer and monitor during a brownout or blackout giving you enough time to safely shut down your computer. UPS units are typically external and look and function like big power strips. Many consumer UPS units have built in surge protectors. If you live in an area with poor power quality or frequent blackouts, a UPS can help save your PSU from significant wear.

=== CPU (processor) ===

We discuss choosing a CPU in the next chapter,
[[How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Choosing the parts/CPU]].

=== Motherboard ===
[[Image:Asus A8N-VM CSM Rev1.10G 20060626a.jpg|thumb|right|350px|A PC motherboard: IDE connectors and the motherboard power connector (white with large holes) are on the left edge. Between them and the large quadratic CPU socket in the lower middle are the longish RAM sockets. The extension slots are above the CPU socket (two white, one black) and the ports for external devices are on the right edge.]]

The motherboard is a very important part of your computer. A good motherboard allows a modest CPU and RAM to run at maximum efficiency whereas a bad motherboard restricts high-end products to run only at modest levels. Higher end motherboards often offer additional features, such as faster built in networking, better built in audio, built in Wi-Fi, a small display that shows diagnostic codes, better power delivery to support overclocking and reliability, RGB LED controllers, built in IO Shield, or other features. The difference between a cheap and a quality motherboard is typically around $100.

There are many things one must consider in choosing a motherboard: CPU interface, Chipset, form factor, expansion slot interfaces, and other connectors.

==== CPU interface ====
The CPU interface is the &quot;plug&quot; that your processor goes into. For your processor to physically fit in the motherboard, the interface must be an '''exact match''' to your processor. Intel currently has two mainstream formats, the LGA 1851 for their current (200 series) Core processors (Core Ultra 9 285K or 5 245KF) or the LGA 1700 supporting their older 12th-14th gen processors. AMD currently uses a few sockets: AM5 for their current (7000 to 9000 series) Ryzen CPUs (Ryzen 9 7950X3D or Ryzen 5 9600X), AM4 for older (5000 series and older) Ryzen processors, and TR4 for their thread ripper processors.

Check with the motherboard manufacturer to ensure that the slot on the motherboard will support the CPU you want to use. It is important to know whether the motherboard's bus can support the exact CPU you plan on using.

If the motherboard, CPU, and heatsink/fan are not compatible and installed correctly, you can destroy the CPU and/or the motherboard in a matter of seconds. Most modern processors come with a stock cooling fan which will work well at stock speeds, stick with this if you have any doubts.

====Chipset====
The Chipset is a piece of hardware integrated into the motherboard and cannot be upgraded later. This often determines what processors are supported by the motherboard, as well as how many lanes and the generation of PCI Express, USB ports, and SATA ports/slots the motherboard supports. USB and SATA ports can be expanded by add on cards, but PCI express lanes are fixed. Cheaper motherboards tend to use cheaper chipsets with reduced features.

====UEFI====
Motherboards come with a piece of software that called UEFI or BIOS in older models. This software is responsible for preparing your computer for use by an operating system, as well as for configuring low level details of your system. Features offered by UEFI or BIOS vary quite a bit between manufactures and product lines. Some UEFI or BIOS can be updated, allowing for security fixes or new features to be added after purchase, and many of these systems will feature some form of redundancy to recover from a failed update (Which otherwise may turn the motherboard into a paperweight). Other motherboards allow BIOS control of overclocking of CPU, RAM and Graphics card which are much more stable and safer for overclocking. Newer BIOS have temperature controls, and functions that shut down the computer if the temperature gets too high.

Some motherboards are supported by open source firmware like [[w:coreboot|coreboot]] which can offer a fast and secure booting environment.

==== M.2 and SATA interface ====
SATA (Serial ATA) connections for hard drives and optical drives. SATA data connections are simple - one plug, one cable, one device. SATA power connections follow the same principal.

The serial ATA (SATA) interface has a separate motherboard connection for each drive that allow independent access and can increase the speed at which drives work. The cables are also narrow, improving the flow of air inside the case.

An M.2 Slot can be found on some motherboards to add an SSD. Unlike a SATA Drive, M.2 drives are small enough to be mounted directly on the motherboard.

==== Expansion slot interfaces ====
[[Image:PCIExpress.jpg|thumb|right|300px|PCI Express slots (from top to bottom: x4, x16, x1 and x16), compared to an old 32-bit PCI slot (bottom)]]

Due to the evolution of new graphics cards on the serial PCI-Express Technology, current newer motherboards have the following connections:

* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 16x/8x/4x''' for mainstream graphics cards (PCI Express Gen 1 x16 is 4 times speed of AGP 8x)
* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 1x''' for faster expansion cards (replacing older PCI)
{| class=wikitable
|+ Comparison of PCIe generations vs AGP 8x (improvement in times)
! {{Diagonal split header|Generation|Size}}
! 1x
! 4x
! 8x
! 16x
|-
! 1
| 0.25x
| 1x
| 2x
| 4x
|-
! 2
| 0.5x
| 2x
| 4x
| 8x
|-
! 3
| 1x
| 4x
| 8x
| 16x
|-
! 4
| 2x
| 8x
| 16x
| 32x
|-
! 5
| 4x
| 16x
| 32x
| 64x
|}

==== USB ====
[[Image:USB_Male_Plug_Type_A.jpg|thumb|right|Male USB &quot;A&quot; connector]]
In addition to the USB ports provided on the back panel, most motherboards will have connectors for additional ports, either on the front of the case or in a panel that fits where a PCI card might otherwise be connected. USB ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as printers, external drives, smartphones,cameras and an assortment of less serious devices like fans, and drink warmers. Given the growing popularity of USB devices, the more ports your motherboard supports, the better.

USB 3.0 ports are now available on the majority of motherboards and they are even faster than USB 2.0&amp;nbsp;— up to 5&amp;nbsp;Gbps. Although the majority of keyboards, mice and other such devices use USB2, almost all HDDs available now support the USB 3.0 standard as they are much faster under that. USB 3.0 ports are backwards compatible and can be used with USB 1 or 2 devices, although these will not receive the benefit of USB 3.0 speeds. USB 4 devices promise greater speed, and devices supporting it are slowly being released. USB-C ports are now available in nearly all new motherboards, and are even faster and versatile (with many doubling as a video output).

Note that, regardless of the motherboard's native support, additional ports of all kinds can be added via a PCI-E expansion card or USB device.

=== Memory ===
[[File:16 GiB-DDR4-RAM-Riegel RAM019FIX Small Crop 90 PCNT.png|thumb|A DDR4 SDRAM module]]
RAM capacity plays an important role in the computer's operation speed, as it provides the operating system caching space that allows foregoing access to the local disk, typically the main bottleneck of computer speed.

The amount of random access memory (RAM) to use has become a fairly simple choice. Unless one is building on a very restricted budget, one just has to choose between installing 8 or 16 gigabytes. 8 gigabytes of RAM is plenty for most modern operating systems, but all of them will run a little faster with 16 gigabytes. While 32-bit operating systems can address 4 gigabytes, they can utilize little more than three gigabytes as system RAM (actually 4 gigabytes minus Video RAM minus overhead for other devices). If one wishes to utilize the full 4 (or more) gigabytes of RAM, one needs to install a 64-bit operating system. It really comes down to a financial decision. Some specialized applications may profit from more than 16 gigabytes of RAM. If one plans on using such, make sure to check that both the operating system and the motherboard will accommodate the amount of RAM one has in mind. One might also choose to get 8 gigabytes of high quality RAM over 16 gigabytes of lesser quality, especially if one plans to overclock, though that is quite rare now. 

Another thing to consider when choosing the amount of RAM for one's system is the graphics card. Most motherboard-integrated graphics chips and PCI Express graphics cards marketed with the &quot;Turbo Cache&quot; feature will use system memory to store information related to rendering graphics; this system memory is generally not available at all to the operating system. On average, these graphics processors will use between 64 megabytes and 512 megabytes of system memory for rendering purposes.

The actual type of RAM one will need depends on the motherboard and chipset one gets. Old motherboards use DDR (Double Data Rate) RAM, DDR2 or DDR3. DDR5 is the current industry standard. Chip sets that use dual-channel memory require one to use two identical&amp;nbsp;— in terms of size and speed&amp;nbsp;— RAM modules.

If one is upgrading an existing computer, it is best to check if one's machine requires specific kinds of RAM. Many computer OEMs, such as Gateway and Hewlett-Packard, require custom RAM, and generic RAM available from most computer stores may cause compatibility problems in such systems.

Overclocking of RAM is possible, but you will have to keep the same precautions(actually more) for RAM. If your RAM temperatures get too high, they can get damaged. For this purpose, there are dedicated RAM coolers that can be used, but most will not find any need for them. The benefit of overclocking RAM, unlike overclocking your CPU, is limited to a few applications.

==== Labelling of RAM ====
RAM is labelled by its memory size in gigabytes (GB) and clock speed (or bandwidth).

For example, 

# DDR5-4800 16 GB is a 16 GB DDR5 stick running at 4800 MT/s (2400 MHz).
# LPDDR5-6000 8 GB is a low-power DDR5 stick running at 6000 MT/s (3000 MHz). Commonly seen in laptops, but also seen in some desktops.

DDR RAM has 5 versions: DDR (also DDRI), DDR2 (or DDRII), DDR3, DDR4 and DDR5. DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are currently obsolete.
# DDR5 supports DDR5-4400 and higher.
#* DDR5-8400 is highest speed of DDR5 as of 2024.
#* DDR5-7000 to DDR5-8200 are higher end models.
#* DDR5-6000 to DDR5-6800 are mainstream models.
#* DDR5-4400 to DDR5-5600 are budget models. They were mainstream in 2021-22.
# DDR4 supports DDR4-2133 to DDR4-5333&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pcgamesn.com/fastest-ddr4-ram&lt;/ref&gt; (generally overclocked).
#* DDR4-5333 is highest speed of DDR4 as of 2024.
#* DDR4-4000 to DDR4-5133 are higher end models.
#* DDR4-3000 to DDR4-3866 are mainstream models.
#* DDR4-2933 are budget models. Mainstream in 2018-20.
#* DDR4-2666 are budget models. Mainstream in 2016-19.
#* DDR4-2400 were older mainstream models from 2014-17.
#* DDR4-2133 were older mainstream models from 2014-15.
# DDR3 supports DDR3-1066 to DDR3-3000 (generally overclocked).
# DDR2 supports DDR2-533 to DDR2-1250 (generally overclocked).
# DDR supports DDR-266 to DDR-533.

=== Hard drive and SSD===
[[File:WD Caviar Green WD10EADS-91894.jpg|thumb|right|A hard drive. SATA data and power connectors can be seen on the edge of the drive.]]
Things to consider when shopping for a hard drive or SSD:

; Interface 
: The interface of a drive is how the hard drive communicates with the rest of the computer. The following hard drive interfaces are available:
:* '''[[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|Parallel IDE]] drives''' (PATA, also known as ATA or IDE) use cables that can be distinguished by their wide 40-pin connector, colored first-pin wire, and usually gray &quot;ribbon&quot; style cables. This technology is largely obsolete because SATA uses thinner cables, eliminates contention for the IDE bus that can occur when two PATA drives are attached to the same connector, and promises faster drive access. SSD's are generally not available for IDE, as they are too slow for a SSD (one notable exception is Transcand as of November 2014).
:* '''[[w:SATA|SATA]] drives''' have the advantages outlined above. If you want Serial ATA, you will either need to purchase a motherboard that supports it (all newer motherboards do), or purchase a PCI card that will allow you to connect your hard drive. Note that some older motherboards will not allow you to install Windows XP to a Serial ATA hard drive. There are 3 types of SATA. SATA 1 provides up to about 150 MB/s, SATA 2 provides about 300MB/s, SATA3 provides up to about 600 MB/s. Most new computers and HDD's come in SATA 3, but older computers may use SATA 2/1. Although they are both backwards and forward comparable, SSD's should be used in SATA 3 since they are too fast for SATA 2 or 1.
:* '''[[w:SCSI|SCSI]]''', although more expensive and less user friendly, is usually worthwile on high performance workstations and servers. Few consumer desktop motherboards built today support SCSI, and when building a new computer, the work needed to implement SCSI may be outweighed by the relative simplicity and performance of IDE and SATA. SCSI hard drives typically reach rotational speeds of up to 15,000 RPM, and are more expensive.
:* '''[[w:USB|USB]]''' can be used for connecting external drives. An external drive enclosure can convert an internal drive to an external drive.
:*PCI-E uses the PCI lanes of your computer. These lanes can be used to connect premium SSD's, and they are much faster than SATA-based SSD's. NVM Express, or NVMe for short is a common standard for PCI-E based storage. M.2 slots are an increasingly common interface for SSDs.
====SSD====
[[File:Samsung MZ-V6P2T0 20170427.jpg|thumb|An M.2 NVMe SSD]]
SSD is a hard storage system that use flash memory rather than rotational platters. Because of this, they make virtually no noise, have no latency (delays from spinning up and seeking the position), and generate far lesser heat than a HDD. If you plan to upgrade a computer, it is an excellent idea to replace an HDD with an SSD as the performance of the computer can be boosted by a wide margin. However, there are some important drawbacks. They are significantly more expensive per gigabyte (especially at larger capacities) compared to a hard drive, and typically come in smaller capacities. Furthermore SSD memory cells burn out over time due to wear caused by writing. However, this problem is mitigated by most modern SSD designs and software support that uses the SSD in such a way that all cells wear out at the same time. Whether or not you use an SSD, you should be backing up your data.

There are some important precautions to note if you do buy a SSD.
#'''Do not defragment the drive!''' SSD, unlike HDD, does not need to get defragmented and will instead cause unnecessary writes and can wear out the drive faster. Windows 7 and above will identify the drive and makes necessary optimizations. Older operating systems may need tweaks to correctly use an SSD
#Use SATA 3. Using SATA 2 or below reduces speed. If you can afford it, go for a PCI-E SSD card or NVME M.2 SSD as they are faster interfaces.

If your setup uses multiple storage devices, consider using a solid state drive as primary storage device by installing the operating system and [[:v:File_management#Incubate_work_on_flash_storage|incubating work]] on it, and a much larger hard drive as secondary storage.

==== [[w:Cache#Disk_buffer|Cache]] ====
The cache of a storage drive is a faster media than the drive itself and is normally 16MB (low end and laptop drives), 32MB (standard desktop drives), 64MB, 128MB, or 256MB (high end, high capacity desktop drives). Some very high capacity SSD designs will include several gigabytes of dram cache, which is used for performance and and some very cheap SSD designs will not have a DRAM cache at all, which can reduce performance. The existence of a cache increases the speeds of retrieving short bursts of information, and also allows pre-fetching of data. Larger cache sizes generally result in faster data access.

==== Form factor ====
:* 3.5 inch drives are usually used in desktops.
:* 2.5 inch drives are usually used in laptops and desktops with an adapter.
:* M.2 drives are used in laptops and desktops with appropriate motherboards.

==== Capacity ====
The smallest desktop hard disk drives that are widely available hold about 250GB of data, although the largest drives available on the market can contain 24TB (24000GB). Note that the advertised capacity is usually more than the actual size due to the binary differences in calculation. Few people will need disks this large - for most people, somewhere in the range of 500GB-1TB will be sufficient. The amount of space you will need can depend on many factors, such as how many high-end games and programs you want to install, how many media files you wish to store, or how many high-quality videos you want to render. It is usually better to get a hard drive with a capacity larger than you anticipate using, in case you need more in the future. If you run out of space, you can always add an additional hard drive using any free Serial ATA connector, or through an external interface, such as USB.

SSD capacities are markedly smaller then hard drive capacities, especially for the cost. SSD capacities range from 128GB on the low end, to several terabytes on the high end.

==== Rotational Speed ====
The speed at which the hard drives platters spin. Most laptop (2.5 inch) drives spin at 5400 RPM, while common desktop drives come in at 7200. There are PATA and SATA drives that spin at 10,000 RPM and some SCSI drives hit 15,000. However drives above 7,200 RPM usually have limited capacity, and a much higher price than comparable 7,200 RPM drives, making such drives advisable only when the fastest possible speeds are required. SSD's do not have moving parts.

==== Noise and Heat ==== 
Modern hard drives are fairly quiet in operation though some people are sensitive to the faint hum and occasional buzz they do make. If your HDD is loud, it could be an early sign of failure, so it’s time to think about replacing it. Hard drives will also throw some heat and adequate air circulation should be provided, usually by case fans. Rubber mount points can help reduce drive vibration. There is software available that will allow you to monitor both the health and temperature of your hard drive(s), it’s a good idea to check from time to time and make sure the temperature does not rise above 50 C. SSD's do not generate noise like an HDD would because they have no moving parts, however they do generate a small amount of heat. This heat can be offset by a small heatsink, which are often included on M.2 SSDs.

==== Warranty ====
Many manufactures offer warranties ranging from 30 days (typically OEM) up to five years. It may be worth spending an extra few dollars to get the drive that carries a longer warranty. Good quality SSD's can provide up to 10 years warranty (like Samsung 850 Pro).

== Secondary components ==
These components are important to your computer, but are not as central as the Core Components.

=== Video output ===
[[File:Radeon VII (Vorderseite).jpg|thumb|A video card.]]
====GPU Basics====
A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is what allows your computer to display images on a monitor. The majority of home and office computers use an 'onboard' or integrated graphic processor which is included on many processors, but workstations and gaming computers require the power of one or more dedicated graphics cards. Despite the name, modern GPU excel at processing large amounts of many different kinds of information, and are often used in physics simulations, audio processing, and even to run Artificial Intelligence models.

Currently, three companies dominate the 3D graphics accelerator market; nVIDIA, AMD and Intel, who build their own chips and license their technologies to other companies to integrate into video cards. These companies make a complete line of GPUs with entries at every price/performance level.

====Do you need a Graphics Card?====
If your tasks are non intensive such as web browsing or office work, or likely to be more dependent on the CPU then the GPU, you may be able to get away with an entry-level GPU, or even an integrated GPU. An integrated GPU uses the system's RAM, and relies heavily on your system's CPU. This will mean slow performance for graphic-intensive software, such as games. As long as your motherboard has slots for it, and your PSU has power for it, you can always add a GPU later should you find the integrated graphics inadequate.

If you have a CPU that does not have a graphics processor, as is common on some high end processor lines, then you will need to buy a discrete video card to use a monitor.

====Graphics Card Specifications==== 
Like a CPU, a GPU will have it's own clock speed and core count, though since GPU cores are simpler, many more can be fit onto a chip with high end GPUs having thousands of processors. Video cards have their own RAM which cannot be upgraded later, and many of the same rules that govern the motherboard RAM field apply here: to a point, the more RAM, and the faster it is, the better the performance will be. Most cards offer at least 8GB of VRAM, though many cards offer more. As a rule of thumb, if you want a high end video card, you need a minimum of 12GB of video memory or preferably 16GB.

It is generally better to choose your video card based on your own research, as everyone has slightly different needs. Many video card and chip makers are known to measure their products' performances in ways that you may not find practical. A good video card is often much more than a robust 3D renderer; be sure to examine what you want and need your card to do, such as digital (DVI) output, TV output, multiple-monitor support, built-in TV tuners and video input. Another reason you need to carefully research is that manufacturers will often use confusing model numbers designed to make a card sound better than it is to sell it better. For example, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX series claim to be part of the current line up (as of April 2023, the 4000-series of cards), however, they are inadequate for modern gaming, in many cases, and perform much closer to old, mid-end 2000 series cards than to the RTX 3000/4000 series cards.

====API Support====
Graphics cards provide various APIs to let software developers make programs that work for multiple GPU devices, without needing to make a specific version for each GPU. Games are very likely to require support for graphics APIs; multimedia or 3D graphics software also often uses graphics APIs. Most software that uses a GPU will require one or more APIs to be available and the API to be at a minimum version.

There are a few graphics APIs to look out for.
* [[w:Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]] - A modern API for Windows and GNU/Linux.  
* [[w:DirectX|DirectX]] - The Windows-exclusive graphics API.
** [[w:DirectX Raytracing|DirectX Raytracing]] - An extension to DirectX for raytracing.
* [[w:OpenGL|OpenGL]] - The old competitor to DirectX that works on Windows and GNU/Linux.

If you are using high-end productivity software that can leverage a GPU, you should also look out for GPGPU APIs. Your software will specify which it can use.
* [[w:OpenCL|OpenCL]] - A cross-platform API for GPGPU software.
* [[w:CUDA|CUDA]] - NVIDIA's exclusive GPGPU API.

There are also a few APIs and pieces of Middleware that are generally focused on games. Unlike the above, software that supports these features will typically work fine on unsupported cards, just with reduced features.
* [[w:GPUOpen|GPUOpen]] - A collection of open source game dev tools, made by AMD for all systems.
** [[w:TressFX|TressFX]] - Offers simulations of hair, grass, fur, and similar materials.
** FireRays - Cross-platform raytracing.
* [[w:Nvidia GameWorks|Nvidia GameWorks]] - NVIDIA's game dev tools for their own cards.
** [[w:Nvidia RTX|Nvidia RTX]] - NVIDIA's real-time ray tracing platform
** [[w:OptiX|OptiX]] - NVIDIA's productivity-focused ray tracing platform
** [[w:PhysX|PhysX]] - NVIDIA's physics library. PhysX can be run on the CPU if an NVIDIA card is not present.

==== Interface ====
The vast majority of graphic cards use the a 16x PCI-Express interface&lt;ref&gt;[https://graphicscardhub.com/gpu-slot-type/ graphicscardhub: gpu-slot-type]&lt;/ref&gt;. This will typically provide the best performance and is what most Graphics Cards are designed to be used with.

If you need an extremely small case, or would like to easily swap your GPU to other devices that can't accept PCI express cards such as a laptop, it is possible to get an external GPU enclosure that connects to your system through a thunderbolt port. These enclosures are expensive and reduce performance somewhat, but provide unique flexibility.

==== Video Output ====
Graphics cards offer a variety of ports to display pictures. Each port type has versions associated with it.
* [[w:HDMI|HDMI]] - A high end proprietary output standard that's common on consumer electronics.
* [[w:DisplayPort|Displayport]] - A high end output standard that's common on computers.

Some GPU are compatible with variable refreshrate monitors.
* [[w:FreeSync|FreeSync]] - AMD and recent NVIDIA cards both support FreeSync.
* [[w:Nvidia G-Sync|G-Sync]] - NVIDIA's proprietary adaptive sync solution. 

Keep in mind that to provide best picture quality your graphics card must be capable of displaying the same resolution as your LCD display's native resolution.

=== Optical Drives ===
[[File:Lite-On iHOS104-08 2010-01.jpg|thumb|An internal 5.25&quot; optical drive with a slot loading mechanism. This unit can read Blu-Ray, DVD, and CD media.]]

Optical drives offer an inexpensive and easy way to watch movies, listen to music, and make backups of important files.

When purchasing a DVD writer, you will want one that is capable of burning both the '+' and '-' standards, and it should also be Dual Layer compatible. This will ensure that you can burn to almost all recordable DVDs currently on the market.

Blu-Ray readers and writers are also available for computers, albeit at a greater cost then comparable DVD only drives. Blu-Ray disks store many times the amount that DVDs do. However software support for Blu-Ray movies is much worse then for DVDs, and it may not be worth the hassle and increased cost.

Optical drives primarily come in either 5.25&quot; bay, slim, or external form factors. Your computer case will likely determine which form factor drive you choose, with 5.25&quot; being most common, and some cases supporting slim drives. Some cases with minimalist designs or very small form factors may have no appropriate bays at all which would necessitate the use of an external drive. Most drives will use a tray loading mechanism, but some higher end or slim drives will instead use a slot loading mechanism instead.

Most applications are now being distributed over the Internet and even operating systems can be installed using a USB flash drive, so you may find that you do not need an optical drive. At the same time, an optical drive can be handy in some situations and are very cheap. You should think about your needs and decide if an optical drive makes sense for your build.

==== Cleaning optical disks ====
Dust can be removed from a CD's surface using compressed air or by very lightly wiping the information side with a very soft cloth (such as an eyeglass cleaning cloth) from the center of the disc in an outward direction. Wiping the information surface of any type of CD in a circular motion around the center, however, has been known to create scratches in the same direction as the information and potentially cause data loss. Fingerprints or stubborn dust can be removed from the information surface by wiping it with a cloth dampened with diluted dish detergent (then rinsing) or alcohol (methylated spirits or isopropyl alcohol) and again wiping from the center outwards, with a very soft cloth (non-linting : polyester, nylon, etc.). It is harmful, however, to use acetone, nail polish remover, kerosene, petrol/gasoline, or any other type of petroleum-based solvent to clean a CD-R; the use of petroleum based solvents will damage the polycarbonate surface and the CD-R will become unreadable.

=== Sound hardware ===
[[File:KORG DS-DAC-10 - 1-bit USB-DAC (photozou 208854840).jpg|thumb|An external DAC.]]
Most motherboards have built-in sound features. These are often adequate for most users. However, you can purchase a good sound card and speakers at relatively low cost - a few dollars at the low end can make an enormous difference in the range and clarity of sound. Also, these onboard systems tend to use more system resources, so you are better off with a real sound card for gaming.

Sound card quality depends on a few factors. The digital-analog converter (DAC) is generally the most important stage for general clarity, but this is hard to measure. Reviews, especially those from audio file sources, are worth consulting for this; but don't go purely by specifications, as many different models with similar specifications can produce completely different results. Cards may offer digital (S/PDIF) output, in which case the DAC process is moved from your sound card either to a dedicated receiver or to one built into your speakers.

Sound cards made for gaming or professional music tend to do outstandingly well for their particular purpose. In games, various effects are often times applied to the sound in real-time, and a gaming sound card will be able to do this processing on-board, instead of using your CPU for the task. Professional music cards tend to be built both for maximum sound quality and low latency (transmission delay) input and output, and include more different kinds of inputs than those of consumer cards.

External DACs have gained popularity in recent years. These often include headphone amps and improved isolation from the rest of the computer, reducing potential interference such as hissing caused by close proximity to some components.

=== Modem ===
In many areas of the world, dedicated internet infrastructure is lacking or non existent. In such areas, those desiring an internet connection need to use a modem. 

==== Wireless Modems ====
[[File:TCT Mobile one touch L100V-4224.jpg|thumb|Many wireless modems are small and come in a USB stick form factor.]]
Mobile broadband modems are often used to connect computers wireless to cellular networks. Though often intended for travelers, some do use these for desktop computers when conventional connections are absolutely impractical. These are faster than traditional dial up modems, but often cost much more in both their initial price, as well as in ongoing data costs.

==== Dial Up Modems ====
A traditional modem is needed in order to connect to a dial up Internet connection. A modem can also be used for faxing. Modems can attach to the computer in different ways, and can have built-in processing or use the computer's CPU for processing.

Modems with built-in processing generally include all modems that connect via a standard serial port, as well as any modems that refer to themselves as &quot;Hardware Modems&quot;. Software Modems, or modems that rely on the CPU generally include both Internal and USB modems, or have packaging that mentions drivers or requiring a specific CPU to work.

Modems that rely on the CPU are often designed specifically for the current version of Windows only, and will require drivers that are incompatible with future Windows versions, and may be difficult to upgrade. Software Modems are also very difficult to find drivers for non-Windows operating systems. The manufacturer is unlikely to support the hardware with new drivers after it is discontinued, forcing you to buy new hardware. Most such modems have internal or external USB, but this is not always the case.

Modems can be attached via USB, a traditional serial port, or an internal card slot. Internal modems and USB modems are more easily auto-detected by the operating system and less likely to have problems with setup. USB and serial port modems often require an extra power supply block.

=== Network interface card ===
[[File:Twisted pair based ethernet.svg|thumb|A visual representation of typical network speeds, as well as the cabling required to support those speeds.]]
==== Wired NIC ====
[[File:An Intel 82574L Gigabit Ethernet NIC, PCI Express x1 card.jpg|thumb|A PCI Express 1x network interface card. The bracket at the top can be swapped with the included bracket for use in low profile cases.]]
A Network interface card (NIC for short), or Ethernet card, is required in order to connect to a local area network or a cable or DSL modem. These typically come in speeds of 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps (gigabit) or 2.5Gbps; these are designated as 10Mbps, 10/100Mbps, 10/100/1000Mbps or 2.5Gbps products. The 10/100/1000Mbps parts are most common in use today. In many cases, one or two Ethernet adapters will be built into a motherboard. If there are none, you will have to purchase an adapter. These typically cost less then $20 and are inserted into a expansion slot. 

Most motherboards now feature either a 10/100/1000Mbps or a 2.5Gbps ethernet port and are adequate for most users.

Typically networks are only as fast as their slowest component. Speeds can be negatively affected by factors external to your computer such as old or improperly installed network cable, or an outdated router.

==== Wireless NIC ====
A wireless network interface card can be used to add Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support to a computer. These cards are typically installed in a similar way to an Ethernet NIC, but have antennas or antenna mounts instead of an Ethernet jack. External USB versions are also available.

Many internal adapters will come with detachable antenna. Antenna come in a variety of form factors, and designs. A big factor in antenna choice is weather or not to get an omnidirectional antenna that does an decent job most of the time and reduces the need for optimal positioning, or a directional antenna that offers stronger signal but can only work well when positioned correctly.

== Peripherals ==
Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. The keyboard, mouse and monitor are pretty much the bare minimum you can go with and still be able to interact with your computer. Your choice in peripherals depends on personal preference and what you intend to do with your computer.

===Mouse===
[[File:Logitech-G5-Mouse-Rust.jpg|thumb|Mice can have a variety of perks on top of standard features. This mouse has additional buttons and adjustable weight.]]
Most modern mice are based on [[w:Optical mouse|optical designs]], using either an LED or laser to track the surface it's placed on. Mice of medium-to-high quality will track your movement almost flawlessly. Many higher end mice feature different DPI settings for different use cases. Some optical mice are unable to track on some surfaces. In such cases, a mouse pad may be needed. Some mice may offer adjustable weights to help make your experience more comfortable.

Most mice are designed to be ambidextrous or are explicitly designed for right handed use. Some manufacturers that make right handed oriented mice will also make a left handed version.

Mice come in wireless and wired varieties. Wired mice offer fast and reliable communication, with no batteries to worry about. Wireless mice usually require a battery or sometimes a special mousepad, and use either Bluetooth or a special USB device to communicate with the PC. Wireless mice can be nice to use if your desk setup causes cable snagging.

Although three buttons are generally enough for operating a computer in normal circumstances, extra buttons can come in handy, as you can add set actions to each button, and they can come in handy for playing various video games. One thing to note is that with some mice those extra buttons are not actually seen by the computer itself as extra buttons and will not work properly in games. These buttons use software provided by the manufacturer to function. However, it is sometimes possible to configure the software to map the button to act like a certain keyboard key so that it will be possible to use it in games in this manner.

If desk space is at a premium, you may want to consider using a trackball mouse. Instead of moving the mouse around to move the cursor, this type of mouse has you use a ball to position the cursor. While not the best for gaming, this style of mouse is perfectly fine for web browsing and productivity.

===Keyboard===
[[File:2018 Bay Area Mechanical Keyboard Meetup (31006275737).jpg|thumb|Keyboards are made in a variety of formfactors and styles.]]
====Keyboard specifications====

Keyboards most commonly come as membrane keyboards, but if you plan on typing for long periods of time a mechanical keyboard may help improve your typing experience. Stores will often have display model keyboards that you can test to find your preferred style.

[[w:Rollover (key)|Key rollover]] is the number of keys a keyboard can read simultaneously, and is an important factor for power users and gamers. Most keyboards support at least a few keys being pressed at one time. High end keyboards support N key rollover and can accept an arbitrary number of keys at the same time.

Keyboards sometimes come with extra non-standard features, such as multimedia controls, or small displays.

====Keyboard formfactors====

Ergonomic keyboards also exist that can help reduce repetitive strain injuries. 

Keyboards come in a variety of sizes. Full size keyboards are the most common. Ten keyless keyboards eliminate the number pad for a smaller size. Some smaller keyboards are categorized by the percentage of keys removed compared to a full size keyboard, typically ranging from the mostly normal 75%, to the tiny 40%.

Keyboards come in either wired or wireless models. Wired keyboards are very straightforward, and since they do not need to be moved as a mouse does, they are often preferable for desktops. Wireless keyboards do not now display the sort of noticeable delay that they once did, and now also have considerably improved battery life. However, gamers may still want to avoid wireless input devices because the very slight delay may impact gaming activities, though some of the higher end models have less trouble with this. The occasional need to replace or charge batteries is also an inconvenience.

====Keyboard accessories====
Some keyboards allow for swapable keycaps, allowing you to customize the look of your keyboard. If your keyboard supports this, you will want an appropriate keycap removal tool to make the process easier.

If your keyboard does not come with a wrist rest, third party rests are commonly avalible.

=== Printer and scanner ===
[[File:Epson workforce 600 open cover.jpg|thumb|Multi function printers such as this one can also scan documents.]]
For most purposes, a mid-range inkjet printer will work well for most people. If you plan on printing photos, you will want one that is capable of printing at around 4800dpi. Also, you will want to compare the speed of various printers, which is usually listed in ppm (pages per minute). When choosing a printer, always check how much new cartridges cost, as replacement cartridges can quickly outweigh the actual printer's cost. Be aware of other possible quirks as well. For example, Epson has protection measures that make refilling your own ink cartridges more difficult because an embedded microchip that keeps track of how much ink has been used keeps the printer from seeing the cartridge as full once it has been emptied.

For office users that plan to do quite a bit of black and white printing buying a black and white laser printer is now an affordable option, and the savings and speed can quickly add up for home office users printing more than 500 pages a month.

Scanners are useful, especially in office settings, they can function with your printer as a photocopier, and with software can also interact with your modem to send Faxes. When purchasing a Scanner, check to see how &quot;accessible&quot; it is (does it have one-touch buttons), and check how good the scanning quality is, before you leave the store if possible.

Finally, &quot;Multi-Function Centres&quot; (also called &quot;Printer-Scanner-Copiers&quot;) are often a cost-effective solution to purchasing both, as they take up only one port on your computer, and one power point, but remember that they can be a liability, since if one component breaks down, both may need to be replaced.

=== Display ===
[[File:ASUS curved monitor 20170603.jpg|thumb|Computer monitors come in a variety of form factors and styles.]]
When choosing a display for your computer, you should look at a few factors that determine the quality of the display.

Resolution governs how detailed of a picture a display can show. The higher the resolution, the more detail can be shown at once. Keep in mind that higher resolutions are also harder to for your computer to draw, and very high resolution monitors may not be the best choice if your computer's GPU can not adequately drive them at their native resolution.

Refresh rate governs how often a new picture is drawn. 60 times a second is common, though some displays will go lower (Resulting in a choppier look) or higher (Resulting in a smoother look). Some monitors will work with video cards to use a variable refresh rate, which can produce a smoother picture, especially during games.

Aspect ratio is a way of expressing the horizontal size of the screen to the vertical size of the screen. 16:9 is the most common display ratio today due to it's use in cinema, though 4:3 monitors were once the most popular choice, and are still preferred by many writers and programmers for their use of vertical space. Some displays are much wider than they are tall; these displays are often called ultrawides, often 21:9 or 32:9.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Common resolutions by aspect ratio
|-
! 4:3 !! 16:10 !! 16:9 !! Other
|-
| 640×480 || 1280×800 || 1280×720 || 1280×1024
|-
| 800×600 || 1440×900 || 1366×768 || 2560×1080
|-
| 1024×768 || 1680×1050 || 1600×900 || 3440×1440
|-
| 1152×864 || 1920×1200 || 1920×1080 || 2560×2048
|-
| 1600×1200 || 2240×1400 || 2560×1440 || 5120×1440
|-
| 2048×1536 || 2560×1600 || 3840×2160 || 5120×2160
|-
| 3200×2400 || 3840×2400 || 7680×4320 || 7680×2160
|}
Some displays handle colors better then others. Some monitors sport higher bit depths, high dynamic range, or techniques for showing deep blacks to improve the color experience. A monitor's color accuracy determines it's ability to show those colors accurately, though this is primarily of concern to those producing visual media as most monitors are fairly accurate.

Some content requires [[w:High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection|HDCP]] support to play. This requires support by the monitor, the cable, and the computer itself.

The bezel is the space between the end of the display, and the end of the monitor. If you plan on placing multiple monitors next to each-other (Ideally of the same make), a smaller bezel can help reduce the interruption between the two spaces

==== LCD panels ====
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have the advantage of being a completely digital setup, when used with the DVI-D or HDMI digital connectors. When running at the screen's native resolution, this can result in the most stable and sharp image available on current monitors. Many LCD panel displays are sold with an analog 15-pin VGA connector or, rarely, with an analog DVI-I connector. Such displays will be a bit fuzzier than their digital counterparts, and are generally not preferred over a similarly-sized CRT. If you want an LCD display, be sure to choose a digital setup if you can; however, manufacturers have chosen to use this feature for price differentiation.

A big disadvantage for LCD displays are dead pixels and stuck pixels. These small, failed areas on the monitor can be very annoying, but generally aren't covered under warranty as most LCD panel manufacturers allow for a certain number of dead pixels in their product specification. This can make purchasing LCD displays a financial risk. This can be alleviated somewhat if you are able to look at the display before purchase, or if you shop at a merchant that allows returns for such conditions. Some media files exist that cycle through colors to highlight dead pixels, and it may be worth running such a test prior to your purchase if possible.

LCDs are acceptable for fast-paced gaming, but you should be sure that your screen has a fairly fast response time (of 4 ms or lower) if you want to play fast games. Many flat panels sold today meet this requirement, some by a factor of 3. Some gaming focused LCD monitors will offer higher refresh rates then the standard 60, which can aid those playing very fast paced games.

When picking an LCD, keep in mind that they are designed to display at one resolution only, so, to reap the benefits of your screen, your graphics card must be capable of displaying at that resolution. That in mind, they can display lower resolutions with a black frame around the outside (which means your entire screen isn't filled), or by stretching the image (which leads to much lower quality).

When choosing an LCD, make sure to get one which uses IPS technology, as that one provides for sharper colour reproduction and also has high viewing angles. The older TN (often found in very cheap displays) is only relevant for gamers who need fast response times; otherwise, it has weaker colours and has poor viewing angles and should be ignored.

==== OLED panels ====
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) displays are a fairly new display type. They have infinite contrast ratio due to each pixel being emitted light without a backlight, allowing for deep blacks. Traditional LCD panels have a backlight, so black isn't really true black. Instead, they emit a faint, dark gray color. But the OLED panels are true black when pixels are switched off.

OLED displays also potentially offer lower power consumption, especially when most pixels are switched off.

Other advantages are very high refresh times (usually 0.03ms) and rates, as well as vivid colors.

Downsides are high cost compared to LCDs, and burn-in issues.

For example, a typical 32&quot; 4K 240Hz OLED monitor cost about $1000, but an equivalent VA or IPS model costs about $500-600.

==== Alternative Display types ====
[[File:HTC Vive Pro - 2.jpg|thumb|A VR headset]]
Some games, educational software, and telepresence software can optionally use or may require a virtual reality headset. Though pricey, these headsets offer immersion that is hard to beat. Keep in mind that a large open area of a room is required for safely experiencing non sit down experiences, and that a VR headset is intended to be a secondary, not a primary monitor.

CRT monitors are now obsolete and only really available on the used market, but a high quality CRT monitor can be a good option in some specific use cases. Namely CRT monitors often allow the user to choose between higher resolution and higher refresh rates. The analog nature of CRT monitors also makes latency near zero - much lower then LCD panels. Downsides to CRT monitors include their large size, power consumption, availability issues, and outdated connectors.

Some monitors include touchscreens or support specialized drawing pens, often meant to serve as a secondary display. Monitors supporting pen input in particular are good for those wishing to try digital illustration or digital sculpting, and often boast high color accuracy due to their artist centric design.

Digital projectors are increasingly available on the consumer market. While not really good for everyday use, they are nice for home theater computers and other scenarios where a large screen is needed.

==== Monitor positioning ====
The default way of using most monitors it to just sit them on a desk. This works fine for most users, and avoids additional costs.

A cheap way to free up desk space or make your monitor stand taller is to get a monitor riser. This is a small table that sits on top of your desk, holding your monitor up and giving you space to stash small items beneath it.

Power users may want to invest in a [[w:Flat Display Mounting Interface|VESA Mount]] setup. This mounts the monitor to movable arms or a nearby wall, and frees desk space for other uses. Alternatively, some very small case designs support being mounted on the back of a VESA Mount, letting your computer rest on the back of your monitor.

=== Speakers ===
====Loudspeakers====
[[File:Creative T4 Wireless 2.1 Speakers.jpg|thumb|A 2.1 speaker setup with subwoofer and remote.]]
Computer loudspeaker sets come in two general varieties; 2/2.1 sets (over a wide range of quality), and &quot;surround&quot;, &quot;theater&quot;, or &quot;gaming&quot; sets with four or more speakers, which tend to be somewhat more expensive. A 2-speaker set is adequate for basic stereophonic sound. A 2.1-speaker set adds a sub-woofer to handle low frequencies. Low-end speakers can suffer from low bass response or inadequate amplification, both of which compromise sound quality. Powered speakers with separate sub-woofers usually cost only a little more and can sound much better. At the higher end, one should start to see features like standard audio cables (instead of manufacturer-specific ones), built in DACs, and a separate control box. 

The surround sets include a sub-woofer, and two or more sets of smaller speakers. These support 5.1 or 7.1 standards that allow sound to be mixed not only left and right, as with standard stereo speakers, but front and back and even behind the listener. Movies and video games make use of this technology to provide a full-immersion experience. Make sure your sound hardware will support 5.1 or 7.1 before buying such a speaker system. If your budget allows, you can avoid the computer speaker market entirely and look into piecing together a set of higher-end parts. If you are buying a speaker system designed for PCs, research the systems beforehand so you can be certain of getting one that promises clarity rather than just raw power. Speaker power is usually measured in RMS Watts. However, some cheap speakers use a different measure, Peak Music Power Output (PMPO), which appears much higher.

For home theater PCs, a soundbar can be a good option for a simple setup.

====Headphones====
Headphones can offer good sound much more cheaply than speakers, so if you are on a limited budget, but want maximum quality, they should be considered first. They should also be considered if you live in a apartment or dormitory where noise is a consideration. The advantage of headphones is that the acoustic environment between the audio driver is fully contained and controlled within the earcups and is not dependent on room acoustics. There are even headphones which promise surround-sound, though these can be hit or miss and should be tested prior to purchase. Some headphones may include a basic microphone as well.

A headphone stand can help keep your workplace organized if you plan on frequently using one.

=== Microphones ===
[[File:Blue Snowflake USB microphone.jpg|thumb|An external microphone can allow you to make high quality audio recordings at home.]]
Microphones can be added to allow for voice chat, dictation software, or for just making recordings. If you are using a webcam or a gaming headset, you likely already have a decent microphone.

Most low end to midrange office, gamer, and prosumer microphones plug in via USB or 3.5&quot; audio jacks, or connect wirelessly via Bluetooth. For creators who need high end microphones, by using certain external DAC devices, it becomes possible to use professional microphones that use [[w:XLR connector|XLR connectors]], greatly increasing sound quality, at the cost of increased setup complexity, as well as increasing the price of the setup overall.

Another factor to consider when purchasing a microphone for a desktop PC is where you want to mount it, and if you have the right acoustics in your room for the level of quality you want. Casual users may be fine simply placing a microphone on their desk, where gamers with loud keyboards may want to mount their microphone on a separate surface. A pop filter is a cheap way to improve quality in some cases. If the acoustics in your room are not good or there is significant background noise which can't be eliminated then no amount of expensive equipment will fix the underlying problems causing bad sound, and you're best off either fixing those problems, or using a cheap microphone.

=== Webcams ===
A webcam can be added to a desktop to aid in video conferencing or streaming. Quality of webcams can vary significantly, so it's a good idea to look at examples of footage produced by a particular model before committing to a purchase. Web cams offer a variety of resolutions and frame rates.

Some webcams can be used for security features such as Windows Hello in Windows 10.

Many webcams have a physical privacy shutter to prevent accidental use, and cheap aftermarket shutters can be added for webcams without one. Many webcams support tripod mounts, which can be used to offer alternative angles for those with multiple cameras, such as streamers. Most webcams have a microphone built in.

=== Other peripherals ===
Some peripherals serve more niche uses. Though they are not needed for all users, you may find such devices useful if they compliment your specific needs, work or hobbies.

&lt;!--Idea for later: GPS receivers for those living mobile lives in RVs, car computers--&gt;
====Accessibility====
[[File:Plage-braille-Alva.jpg|thumb|A refreshable braile display used underneath a keyboard.]]
You may benefit from accessibility tools if you have an impediment, such as foot pedals, large button gadgets, or other devices.

[[wikipedia:Refreshable braille display|Refreshable braile displays]] and [[w:Screen reader|screen reader]] software can help users with visual impairments

====Security====
Hardware 2FA keys are a good idea for those who value security. These keys typically plug into a USB port and can be used as an extra layer of security on top of a password. A special webcam that uses structured light or a finger print reader can be used for Windows Hello.

&lt;!--Unsure if a hardware wallet for cryptocurrency enthusiasts would belong here.--&gt;
If you are using a disk encryption solution like Windows [[w:BitLocker|BitLocker]], it may be worthwhile to get a [[w:Trusted Platform Module|Trusted Platform Module]] made [[w:ROCA vulnerability|after 2018]]. This is a small piece of dedicated hardware that handles security related tasks. This requires that both the module and the motherboard are compatible with each other, both on a hardware level and a software level.

A port blocker or case lock may be OK for stopping casual mischief if you have regular guests or roommates, but most commercially available products in this category will not stand up to either a modestly talented tinkerer, or simple brute force.

====Gaming====
Fans of specific game genres may benefit from a flight stick, a stearing wheel, fight pad, arcade deck, or console style controller. There are also more esoteric control devices available, based on EEG readings, gesture recognition, or other unconventional inputs.

A video capture card can be used to record or stream the output of a game console or even another PC without impacting framerates. 

Streaming decks can help save time during livestreams.

====Creating====
[[File:Penciling on Wacom Cintiq 13HD by David Revoy.jpg|thumb|Drawing tablets use special pens to offer more natural input methods for artists.]]

Creatives and hobbyists may find workflow benefits from adding specialized peripherals to their workspace such as drawing tablets, MIDI keyboards, mixers, microscopes, 3D Scanners, software defined radios, plotters, laser cutters, or 3D printers.

== External links ==
* [https://outervision.com/power-supply-calculator The outervision power supply calculator]
* [https://pcpartpicker.com/ PCPartPicker] can help check for compatibility issues before you buy.
* [https://www.logicalincrements.com/ Logical Increments] offers a variety of example builds that are focused on balance at a given price point.
* [http://www.silentpcreview.com/article28-page1.html Silent PC Review of PSU units]

{{Chapter navigation||Assembly}}

[[it:Costruire un computer/Componenti]]</text>
      <sha1>n15redupyy0rrme03ui8x3t6ocuangd</sha1>
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        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <text bytes="165710" sha1="t1wk02ooyfx4ysrlgu4ti1vv4vikm2x" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Contents}}

The first step to building a computer is acquiring the parts. This guide will start with a quick explanation of essential parts and elaborate on them further on.

These are the parts that a standard PC will use. You might want to make a check list (perhaps using a spreadsheet) of parts to use as you go about your process of research and selection. That way you won’t find yourself sitting down with a pile of brand new hardware only to find that you forgot an essential component.

==The primary parts==

===Key Parts===

*'''[[w:Computer case|Case]]''' - The case houses and protects rest of the parts, and contains additional functions like button, front IO ports, and other features.

*'''[[w:Power supply unit (computer)|Power Supply Unit]]'''/'''PSU''' – ''Power Supply Unit'', converts outlet power, which is alternating current (AC), to direct current (DC) which is required by internal components, as well as providing appropriate voltages and currents for these internal components. 

*'''[[w:Motherboard|Motherboard]]'''/'''mainboard''' – A board that facilitates communications between components and offers ports to connect them together.

*'''[[w:Central processing unit|CPU]]''' – ''central processing unit'', the main processor of the computer. The CPU handles general and mathematically complicated tasks.

*'''[[w:RAM|RAM]]''' – ''random access memory'', the &quot;short-term memory&quot; of a computer, used by the CPU to store program instructions and data upon which it is currently operating. Data in RAM is lost when the computer is powered off, thus necessitating a ''storage drive''.

*'''[[w:Computer storage|Storage]]''' - either '''[[Wikipedia:HDD|HDD]]''' (Hard disk drive - noisy and slower of the two but less expensive) and/or '''[[Wikipedia:SSD|SSD]]''' (solid state drive. Quiet, very fast but not as cheap) – the &quot;long-term memory&quot; of the computer, used for persistent storage – i.e. the things stored on it remain even when the computer is powered down. The operating system, and all your programs and data are stored here, so if you choose SSD then the system will be faster. These days, SSDs have replaced HDDs for almost everything but the lowest-end laptops and desktops, but if you only need to surf the web, HDDs are the best option. OSes can be booted and use storage from inexpensive '''[[Wikipedia:USB Drive|USB Drives]]''', although this is only with extremely lightweight systems.

=== Optional Components===

Optional components follow: (Components that depend on the function that will be given to the machine)

*'''[[w:Video Card|GPU]]'''/'''Graphics Card''' – does processing relating to video output. If you want to build a gaming PC, a good GPU is almost mandatory. Some processors have an integrated GPU built in so you don’t need (but may add) a separate video card. Otherwise, you will need a video card. These plug into a slot on the motherboard and provide ports to connect a monitor to your computer.

*'''[[w:Optical Drive|Optical Drive]]''' – device for handling optical disks. May read CDs, DVDs, Blu-Rays or other optical media. Some drives are able to write optical media as well as read it.

*'''[[w:Sound card|Sound hardware]]''' - Now integrated into motherboards, higher end sound hardware may be a good option for some users.

===External Components===

On top of the internal components listed above, you will also need these external components:

*'''[[w:Keyboard|Keyboard]]''' – for typing on. A good keyboard will increase your comfort, as well as make you a more productive typist.

*'''[[w:Mouse|Mouse]]''' – for pointing and clicking. A comfortable mouse can significantly improve your experience.

*'''[[w:Monitor|Monitor]]''' – Displays graphics from your computer. They come in many forms, the most common being [[Wikipedia:Lcd|LCD]] displays.

==Planning the Build==
Before you go on a shopping spree and start spending lots of money on expensive computer parts, there are some important questions you should answer which will guide your purchases:

* What will be the main function of the computer?
* What useful parts do you have on hand, from an old computer or otherwise?
* How much can you afford to spend on the system? 
* Some functions benefit from certain components more then others. What components, if any, should you skimp on to afford better components elsewhere?
* Do you want to upgrade your computer later, or will you be content with your build?

== What operating system am I going to use? ==
Before you buy components, be sure that they are supported by the operating system you plan to use. Almost all commonly available PC devices have drivers (small programs that allow the operating system to recognize and work with a hardware device) available for current versions of Windows. If you want to run an alternative operating system, you'll have to do some research to make sure your hardware choice will be compatible. Many alternatives have extensive 'Hardware Compatibility Lists' (HCLs) as well as software compatibility.

=== Main operating systems available ===
* '''Microsoft Windows''' - [[w:Windows 11|Windows 10/11 (Home/Pro)]].
* '''Popular Linux Distros''' -  [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], [[w:OpenSUSE|OpenSUSE]], [[w:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]], [[w:debian|Debian]], and others
* '''Popular BSD Variants''' - [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]], [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]], [[w:NetBSD|NetBSD]], and others
* '''Android''' - A variety of Android based operating systems exist for x86 Personal computers. While not ideal for the desktop form factor, they are free and offer compatibility with Android's software library.
* '''MacOS''' - You can install MacOS on non-Apple hardware which is called &quot;Hackintosh&quot; in which an end user installs MacOS on a non-Apple computer. Be warned that this is risky and takes more knowledge than other operating systems. 

=== Windows information and hardware support lists ===
'''Microsoft Windows''' is a series of operating systems made by the Microsoft corporation. Thanks to its popularity and widespread support Windows is ideal for most personal computing and fits the needs or wants of just about anyone: gamers, video/graphics editors, office workers, or the average user who wants to surf the web and play a bit of solitaire.

In general Windows supports most available consumer processors from AMD or Intel, as well as most internal and external devices, including Graphics Cards, Wi-Fi adapters, and specialty hardware.

For general consumers, Windows comes in a few flavors:
* Windows 11 Home is the basic version of Windows 11 and costs about $140, but purchases from bulk retailers can be as cheap as $50.
* Windows 11 Pro is the more advanced version of Windows 11 and costs about $200. This version includes business-oriented features like drive encryption, better virtual machine support and a built-in remote desktop function.
* Windows 11 Pro for Workstations provides support for workstation-class hardware such as motherboards with multiple processor sockets and costs $310.

If you are a student you may be able to get a free version of Windows 11 through your school using Azure Dev Teaching (formerly Imagine Premium).

Any Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 product key can be used to activate a copy of Windows 11. This essentially gives you a free upgrade from an older version of Windows to the latest.

Microsoft maintains a list [https://partner.microsoft.com/en-us/dashboard/hardware/search/cpl|list of hardware] compatible with Windows.

=== Linux information and hardware support lists ===
As one of the most popular open-source (free) operating systems, '''GNU/Linux''' is a good alternative. Linux is a UNIX-like series of operating systems and comes in many different distributions, called &quot;distros&quot; for short. Popular distros of Linux intended for the desktop include [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Debian|Debian]], [[w:openSUSE|openSUSE]], [[w:MX Linux|MX Linux]], [[w:Elementary OS|Elementary OS]], [[w:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]], [[wikipedia:KDE neon|KDE Neon]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], and [[w:Arch Linux|Arch Linux]].

Linux has applications that can match most of the functionality of their proprietary alternatives. It should be noted, however, that many popular programs are not available for Linux, and the only way to run them is with special compatibility layers like [[w:Wine (software)|Wine]], which may or may not work with a specific program, or could only run with significant issues.

Unlike Windows, drivers in Linux are usually included in the distro. This means different distributions will support different hardware (generally more 'bleeding-edge' distributions will support newer hardware – look at Fedora, SUSE or Ubuntu, compared to the latest stable release of Debian). A search online will normally establish compatibility, otherwise a good rule of thumb to figure out compatibility is to buy hardware that is 12 to 18 months old, as it most likely has Linux support with most distributions, but won't be too old.

Graphics Drivers on Linux are interesting. AMD GPUs typically work fine out of the box thanks to the manufacturer backed open source [[w:AMDGPU|AMDGPU driver]] project, where the community open source [[w:nouveau (software)|nouveau]] project generally works well, but not to the same level as Nvidia's Proprietary drivers, which many distros do not include out of the box due to the licensing used by the driver. Intel Integrated Graphics typically works very well in Linux.

=== BSDs information and hardware support lists===
'''BSD''', or the '''Berkeley Software Distribution''', is also a UNIX-Like series of operating systems and could be considered the alternative to Linux. BSD is an open-source (free) operating system and has its own descendants, such as [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]]. Unlike Linux, BSD tends not to support &quot;new&quot; hardware but can handle a lot of both older and modern components. BSD and Linux share a variety of applications supported on both operating systems.
* DesktopBSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 5.4/i386] and [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-amd64.html FreeBSD 5.4/amd64]
* [http://wiki.dragonflybsd.org/index.php/Supported_Hardware Dragonfly BSD]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/ FreeBSD]
* [http://www.netbsd.org/Hardware/ NetBSD]
* [http://www.openbsd.org/plat.html OpenBSD]
* PC-BSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/6.0R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 6.0/i386]

===Hackintosh===
[[File:Hackintosh-780x495.jpg|thumb|A Hackintosh]]
A [[w:Hackintosh|Hackintosh]] is a computer based on commodity hardware which runs [[w:macOS|macOS]]. This is '''extremely''' risky and could end in utter failure if it is not done properly. macOS is designed with Apple computers in mind and trying to port them to a PC is risky and difficult. If you still want to attempt the same, read this.
# You'll be violating the Apple EULA.
# You should be using a comparable Intel CPU which should've been used by Apple in one of their computers. Although 14th gen Intel CPUs and 700-series motherboards are available, 10th gen Intel CPUs and 400-series motherboards are the last components fully supported by macOS.
# Apple is moving away from X86 CPUs, and your configuration may not work in the future. Updating between releases could be difficult even before this transition.
# CPU choice and graphics also matter. Look up your CPU/GPU combination to see if it works.
# You'll need to (mostly) get modified installers, as the official installers may block installation.
# You'll need patience and tinkering up with things if something goes wrong. An unsupported motherboard could even be destroyed by macOS.
# Some features, such as Apple Intelligence, only work on Apple silicon Macs, so Hackintoshes cannot use these features.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+List of supported GPUs (as of macOS Sequoia)
!GPU
!Supported?
|-
|HD 500 (6th gen Intel) or earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|HD 600 (7th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|UHD 600 (8-10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Intel G1-G7 (10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|11th gen Intel iGPUs and later
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Any Nvidia GPUs
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|AMD Vega iGPUs (Zen 1-3)
|{{Yes|Supported with patches}}
|-
|GCN GPUs (RX 200/300 series) and earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Polaris GPUs (RX 400/500 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Vega GPUs
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 1 GPUs (RX 5000 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 2 GPUs (RX 6000 series)
|{{Yes|Most GPUs supported}}
|-
|RDNA 3 GPUs (RX 7000 series)
|{{No|Not supported}}
|}

===Other Operating Systems===
These options are not recommended for the average user, but are included for the sake of completeness.

====Haiku====
Haiku is an operating system based on BeOS. Its main benefits are its specific focus on personal computing, and its cohesive interface.
The main drawback is that its still somewhat &quot;Beta&quot;, and can be unstable. Hardware support is iffy, too. If you really want to try Haiku, it's best to use a virtual machine or live USB, instead of installing directly onto your hardware.

== What will be the main function of the computer? ==
{{Warning|
'''Caution to high-end buyers''':

Higher-end Intel processors, specifically 13th and 14th generations (Raptor Lake) Intel Core i5, i7 and i9 processors may cause instability under load using the default motherboard settings. This is caused by degradation due to high elevated voltages. Intel released Intel Baseline Profile for these affected processors, which make these processors more stable under load, but loses about 10% performance. Therefore it is '''not recommended''' to buy these processors
&lt;ref&gt;https://wccftech.com/only-5-out-of-10-core-i9-13900k-2-out-of-10-core-i9-14900k-cpus-stable-in-auto-profile-intel-board-partners-stability-issues/ - retrieved 2024-05-04&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

As of August 2024, a BIOS update for these affected processors has rolled out for the affected processors, which addresses the instability, though not guaranteed.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards#stream-entry-27a4766f-6754-4e46-97f8-626f1ac05933 - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

Exceptions are 13/14th gen Core i3, which is basically recycled 12th gen Core i3, which hasn't caused instability and therefore are not affected. Arrow Lake (Core 200 series) CPUs are also unaffected.
}}
If you're going to build a computer from scratch for a specific purpose, you'll want to select each component with your use case in mind. Consider what you want to use the computer for, you may be able to save money by specifying expensive, premium parts only where needed.

Any reasonably configured computer built from current components will offer adequate Internet browsing and word-processing capabilities. For an office computer, this is often all that is needed. As long as you provide enough RAM for your chosen operating system (4 GB at least), any processor you can buy new will provide acceptable performance. If the computer is for gaming, a fast processor and the addition of a high-end graphics card and extra RAM will provide a more satisfactory gaming experience. Besides gaming, computers intended for video editing, serious audio work, CAD/CAM, or animation will benefit from beefier components which are specifically designed for that purpose.

Here are some general system categories. Your own needs will probably not fit neatly into one of these, but they are a good way to start thinking about what you are going to use your computer for. With each we’ve indicated the components you should emphasize when building the system and we've also included sample builds for each configuration, which you're free to modify it to fit your needs and budget.

===Simple web surfer===
To provide basic functionality to a user who just needs web surfing, a little word processing, and the occasional game of solitaire or Wordle, it’s best not to go overboard. Such a user has no need for a top of the line processor or 3D graphics card. A modestly configured system with an adequate Internet connection (DSL (5 Mbps) or better) will suit this user best and can be assembled quite cheaply.

This usage pattern is not going to stress any particular component; you should be looking at a mid- to low-level processor (historically, and currently, at about the $150 price point or less) such as Core i3 or Ryzen 5, enough RAM for the OS and number of browser tabs (4 GB minimum, 8 GB recommended, 16 GB for lots of tabs), and a motherboard with built in Ethernet, video and audio. You can use a mid-level case/power supply combo (these components are often sold as a pair). 

If you have a little extra money, spend it on a better monitor, mouse/keyboard, and case/power supply in that order.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbf;&quot; | '''Ultra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | ~$250
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Intel Processor 300 ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | UHD Graphics 710 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 8 W
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;&quot; | 83 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdf;&quot; | '''Extra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | ~$300
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600GT ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 7 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #def;&quot; | 139 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 139 W

|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL18 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 138 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5200 CL40 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 140 W
|}

===Office computer===
An office computer can be expected to do word processing, spreadsheet and database work, network access, e-mail and a little light development of spreadsheets, databases, and presentations. It might also be called on to do page layout work, some 2D graphic creation, and/or terminal emulation.

None of this stresses any particular component either, but since office workers often run several applications at the same time, and because time is money in this space, a strong mid-level processor is suggested. Typically this would be the processor one or two places from the top of the line. Plenty of RAM will also facilitate multitasking and save time.

You will not need much in the way of 3D graphics power so current generation integrated graphics solutions from both AMD and Intel are perfectly adequate for office tasks. You should be aware that they will appropriate a portion of the system RAM for video duties thus reducing the total amount of RAM available for the OS and other programs so play accordingly and increase the total system RAM amount to compensate. Choosing the fastest operating frequency RAM your motherboard and budget can support will positively improve the performance of integrated graphics. If you decide that you need a dedicated graphics card after all, opt for an inexpensive model. A sub $200 (for this and other prices in US dollars see [http://www.xe.com/ucc/ www.xe.com/ucc] or other currency converter of your choice for conversion into your local currency) video card with 4 GB of video RAM or more should be more than sufficient. However, do your research carefully because many inexpensive graphics cards actually have poorer performance than current generation integrated graphic solutions.

You should pick a case which looks professional and compliments the look of your office as well as your role in your work. Your case should also be sturdy, to withstand being kicked under a desk or knocked by cleaning staff. You'll also want a no frills but reliable power supply that meets your needs and won't let you down in the middle of a busy workday.

Any extra budget after the above should focus on a better monitor, better/more ergonomic mouse/keyboard and more RAM.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 144 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5600 CL28 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 8 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-8400 CL40 (2 x 16 GB) ($230)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 6 GB ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 44 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 443 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 8 GB ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 47 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 465 W
|}

===Server===
A server these days can be anything from a home unit that shares media files, documents, and printers over a local network, to a machine running a business-critical system for a small business, to a 3U rack mount unit serving up millions of hits a day on the Internet. 

The thing that most servers have in common is that they are always on and therefore reliability is a key characteristic. Also they serve more than one user while storing and processing important information. For this reason servers are often equipped with redundant systems such as dual power supplies, RAID5/6 arrays of four or more hard disks, special server grade processors that require error-correcting memory, multiple high-speed Ethernet connections, etc.

All of this is a little beyond the scope of the current work, but, in general, servers need lots of RAM, fast redundant hard drives, and the most reliable components your budget will allow. The CPU choice should be made in accordance with the use of the server. A simple print/fax server will do fine with a CPU stolen from a museum, whereas a server running a database and a front end for that, will work much better with a top of the line CPU. 

On the other end of the hardware list, since nobody is usually sitting at them, you can get away with the cheapest possible keyboard, mouse and monitor (in fact many servers run &quot;headless&quot; with no monitor at all). Graphics are also a very low priority on these machines, and a read only CD/DVD-ROM optical drive (used, infrequently, for installing software and updates) will do just fine.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7252 ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7282 ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7302 ($420)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Epyc 7313 ($680)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 64 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 32 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Entry-level SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 32 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 32 GB) ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9224 ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-5600 (4 x 32 GB) ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9354 ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-6400 (4 x 32 GB) ($560)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9454 ($5000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 256 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 32 GB) ($1120)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | AMD Epyc 9754 ($11000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 64 GB) ($2560)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 16 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($1400)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v5'''
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | ~$35000
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Dual socket SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($3000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Dual AMD Epyc 9754 CPUs ($22000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 768 GB DDR5-6400 (12 x 64 GB) ($3840)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 x 22 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($2800)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;&quot; | 1500 W Platinum power supply ($650)
|}

===Gaming system===
[[File:Gaming PC-Setup - Astaroth- The Completed System.jpg|right|thumb|A gaming PC setup.]]
We’re not talking here about the occasional game of solitaire or a secret late night Zuma obsession. We’re talking about cutting edge 3D gaming – first-person shooters or real-time strategy games with thousands of troops on the screen at the same time, with anisotropic filtering and anti-aliasing and mip-mapped specular reflections and a lot of other confusing terminology describing visual effects that will make anything less than a top-of-the-line system fall down on its knees and beg for mercy.

==== Gaming Processors ====
A top of the range processor is not critical to gaming performance (though it does help)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/gaming/serious-gaming.html intel : serious-gaming]&lt;/ref&gt;, but you will need at least a mid range one and plenty of RAM, as well as a motherboard to match, since the speed of the motherboard buses can limit high-end components. Please remember that if you plan on running the latest games in 4K, or even higher, on highest settings, or even with three monitors, you will need a high end processor. This will stop the chances of bottlenecking the GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) and not give you the gaming experience you want. The most important part will be the video card (or cards) with cutting edge GPUs. AMD, [[w:NVIDIA|NVIDIA]] and Intel have been competing for &quot;king of the graphics card&quot; honors for years and the competition is so keen that new cards running on new GPUs are released quite frequently.

Note that increasing the resolution does not increase the CPU workload, only the GPU workload and VRAM usage will increase. Assume if you are running a game at 1080p High settings at 90fps with 80% CPU usage and 95% GPU usage, then increasing the resolution to 1440p decreases the fps to 60, but the CPU usage decreases to 60%.

As a general rule, always buy the fastest GPU you can get with the CPU that will not be bottlenecked.

==== Audio Hardware ====
Most motherboards have decent or good audio hardware already built in. For most gamers this is adequate, and saves money that can be spent on other components that impact gameplay experience more.

A good sound card or external DAC or sound card can help drive high end headphones and other audiophile equipment. The DSPs (Digital Signal Processors) provided by this hardware can provide a higher end and cleaner audio experience. Currently [[w:Creative Labs|Creative Labs]] and ASUS Xonar are the leading brands, but again do your research (partly by reading on) and get the best audio solution for your needs.

==== Gaming PSUs ====
Finally all of these components are going to require a pretty hefty power supply. Generally a serious gaming rig will require at least a 750 watt supply; consumer units are available up to 2000 watts (2 Kilowatts) as anything higher on a single outlet is likely to trip a home circuit breaker.

==== VRAM usage ====
VRAM (short for video memory) is the memory in a GPU. Unlike system RAM, it cannot be upgraded by end users. The only way to add more VRAM is by buying a new GPU with more VRAM.

VRAM is important, because VRAM usage on AAA game releases since early 2023 like ''The Last of Us Part I'', ''Forspoken'' and ''Hogwarts Legacy'' can exceed 8 GB when running Ultra settings even at 1080p. Having too little VRAM can cause stutters when running these games at higher settings. You probably do not want to buy a GPU with less than 8 GB VRAM, like RTX 3050 6 GB and RX 6500 XT 4 GB.

For example, in 2020 an user bought a Nvidia GeForce RTX 3070 for $900 at that time (typical pricing due to GPU cryptocurrency mining crisis in 2020-22, $500 MSRP). It was a great GPU for running era-appropriate games like ''Cyberpunk 2077'' at 1440p. Fast forward to 2023 and the RTX 3070, with only 8GB VRAM, struggles to run ''The Last of Us Part I'' properly at 1440p due to VRAM limitations, requiring to drop resolution or texture detail down to get a playable experience. This also applies to RTX 3060 Ti, 3070 Ti and even 3080 10GB.

Here are the recommendations:
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ Recommendations
|-
!Tier
!1080p gaming
!1440p gaming
!240Hz 1440p gaming
!4K gaming
|-
|VRAM
|At least 8 GB
|At least 12 GB
|At least 12 GB
|At least 16 GB
|-
|List of graphics cards
|
Used graphics cards that costs less than $200
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1070 ''(used)'' ($80)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1070 Ti ''(used)'' ($190)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080 ''(used)'' ($100)
*Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080 Ti ''(used)'' ($120)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2060 Super ''(used)'' ($140)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 ''(used)'' ($150)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super ''(used)'' ($170)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 ''(used)'' ($190)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Super ''(used)'' ($200)
*Nvidia GeForce Titan X ''(used)'' ($100)
*AMD Radeon RX 570 8 GB ''(used)'' ($60)
*AMD Radeon RX 580 8 GB ''(used)'' ($70)
*AMD Radeon RX 590 ''(used)'' ($70)
*AMD Radeon RX Vega 56 ''(used)'' ($90)
*AMD Radeon RX Vega 64 ''(used)'' ($100)
*AMD Radeon VII ''(used)'' ($170)
*AMD Radeon RX 5500 XT 8 GB ''(used)'' ($90)
*AMD Radeon RX 5700 ''(used)'' ($110)
*AMD Radeon RX 5700 XT ''(used)'' ($130)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 ''(used)'' ($180)
New graphics cards that costs less than $300
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 8 GB ($200)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($280)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 ($290)
*AMD Radeon RX 6600 ($190)
*AMD Radeon RX 6600 XT ($220)
*AMD Radeon RX 6650 XT ($230)
*AMD Radeon RX 7600 ($250)
*Intel Arc A580 ($170)
*Intel Arc A750 ($190)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $450 and have performance rating over 100 (baseline of RTX 3060 12 GB)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($280)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($390)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB ($430)
*Nvidia Titan X Pascal ''(used)'' ($180)
*Nvidia Titan Xp ''(used)'' ($200)
*Nvidia Titan V ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 XT ($310)
*AMD Radeon RX 6750 XT ($320)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($300)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT ($310)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($360)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($450)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $700 and have performance rating over 160
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($390)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 Ti ''(used)'' ($470)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 ''(used)'' ($690)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 ($500)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Super ($580)
*Nvidia Titan RTX ''(used)'' ($530)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($300)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($360)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($650)
|
Graphics cards that have performance rating over 200
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 ''(used)'' ($690)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 Ti ''(used)'' ($820)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti Super ($780)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 ''(used)'' ($930)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 Super ($1000)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 ($1800)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($420)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($450)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($650)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX ($870)
|}

==== Tying the gaming rig together ====

As you may have noticed, pretty much every component inside the computer needs to be top of the line; the same is true outside the case. You’ll want a big, high refresh rate monitor (at least 27” 120Hz), and a high sensitivity mouse. There are even gaming keyboards with the keys specially arranged, as well as joysticks, throttle controllers, driving wheels, etc.

So, given that your budget is not bottomless, how do you prioritize? Well, the processor and video card are the components that will have the most effect on your gaming performance. Next comes the motherboard and RAM. One of the advantages to building your own computer is that you can get the components you can afford now and plan to upgrade them later.

A note on cases for gaming rigs – it is not necessary to get a case with a side window that reveals glowing RGB fans and revolving animated heat-sinks. A well-built plain case will do just as well and let you spend more money on the components that matter. But if you have the cash, and that’s your taste, there are lots of flashy add-ons available these days.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | B450 DDR4 motherboard ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 580 8 GB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 6600 8 GB ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600 ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT 16 GB ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 9600X ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE 16 GB ($520)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT 20 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX 24 GB ($850)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-6200 CL36 (2 x 24 GB) ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 32 GB) ($210)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($280)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|}

=== Entertainment system/media center ===
This is a computer designed to sit in the living room with the rest of your A/V gear. The idea is that it will record and serve audio and video files for replay via your existing television and stereo. The current notion is that this computer should be built in a special case that makes it look more like a stereo component, the size of which can present a challenge when it comes to getting all the necessary parts fitted.

For this system a mid-range processor will be fine, along with a generous amount of RAM. A gigabit or better Ethernet connection will facilitate sharing large files. You’ll also want a TV tuner card (or two) to get video in and out of the machine. Many of these also provide [[w:digital video recorder|DVR]] (digital video recorder) functionality, often without the monthly subscription fees and [[w:digital rights management|DRM]] (digital rights management) restrictions required by companies like Tivo. A wireless keyboard and mouse provide for couch-based use and a separate monitor may be unnecessary as your TV will fill that role.

All components should be as quiet as possible since you'll likely be watching/listening in the same room. For this application it makes sense to trade a little power for passively-cooled (without fans) parts. Following this logic, one may consider fan-less CPUs and mainboards.

You may also want an IR receiver to let you use your existing remote control as media buttons.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics / video card
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Intel Core i5-12400T ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 450 W Plus power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;&quot; | 141 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13400T ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 500 W Plus power supply ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 16 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;&quot; | 160 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 17 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 165 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 16 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 16 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;High-end TV tuner card ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Dual high-end TV tuner cards ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 20 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 197 W
|}

===Workstation===
{{Info|Workstation builds are for professionals who will fully leverage the features offered. You don't need a workstation for casual or even professional video editing, music production, CAD, programming, etc. Amateurs, hobbyists, and small businesses can save quite a bit of money by simply running workstation applications on consumer class hardware. In many cases a high end gaming PC will provide equivalent performance at a fraction of the cost of a workstation. For these users, simply adding the peripherals used by specific workstation setups can effectively turn their normal computers into a sort of psuedo-workstation.}}

A workstation was originally a single-user computer with more muscle than a PC intended to support a demanding technical application, like CAD or complicated array-based simulations of real world phenomena. Once the domain of cutting edge computer companies, this category has experienced a rebirth as high performance and reliable PCs for professional use. Unlike a gaming PC, reliability becomes much more important - Time is money after all.

For any of the following uses, you will want
* A solid and reliable power supply
* A processor and motherboard platform that supports [[wikipedia:ECC_memory|ECC memory]].
* Lots of ECC memory more reliability.
* A 64 bit version of the OS to take full advantage of the extra ram and software features used by many workstation programs.
* A GPU that can run desired applications on multiple high resolution displays.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-12600K ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A1000 8 GB ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 6 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 12 GB ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 24 GB) ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 32 GB) ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X ($480)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 96 GB DDR5-6400 CL36 (2 x 48 GB) ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7960X ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 192 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (4 x 48 GB) ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 2 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 1200 W Tier A power supply ($200)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7970X ($2400)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 384 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (8 x 48 GB) ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB ($6500)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7980X ($4700)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (8 x 64 GB) ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | Dual Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB GPUs (96 GB total) ($13000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;&quot; | 2000 W Tier A power supply ($500)
|}


====Video editing====
Big and fast storage drives are key. Solid State Drives in RAID0 as working space with multiple multi Terabyte or larger drives for storage is a good target. A large amount of memory  would be beneficial, as would a fast CPU, with many cores/threads, especially if you intend to render effects or wish to quickly transcode video. Most editing and transcoding programs utilize some form of GPU acceleration (primarily OpenCL and/or CUDA), where the graphics processor is used, along with the CPU, to perform many calculations at the same time, greatly reducing processing time, compared to CPU-only processing.

====Music production====

Plenty of disk space and RAM is important, but a music production (recording and mixing) workstation is chiefly distinguished by specialized external components – studio reference monitors instead of normal speakers, mixing consoles, microphones, etc. Even the acoustics of the room your computer is in becomes an important factor. If you want to record external sources, like vocals or instruments, you'll need an audio interface which allows you to plug mics or instruments into your computer.

Computers meant to be installed near live recordings often use near or totally silent cooling solutions.

Audio interfaces allow anything from a single microphone or instrument on up to pro level systems that have 32 or more simultaneous inputs. These separate inputs will allow you to record each one as a separate track in your DAW. Most use Steinberg's ASIO interface (a software driver that connects your hardware to your DAW software). If you don't wish to invest in anything other than the onboard sound card your computer comes with, consider ASIO4All, a free driver that imitates the ASIO framework for almost any sound card.

One piece of advice, if you have extra money, get better microphones - even if you have to trade the Bluesmobile.

====CAD/CAM====
('''C'''omputer '''A'''ssisted '''D'''esign / '''C'''omputer '''A'''ided '''M'''anufacturing)

A CAD/CAM workstation is usually a machine that runs a single, very intense, application. These machines often utilize specialized video hardware, like the [[w:Nvidia Quadro|Nvidia Quadro]] and[[w:Radeon Pro|AMD Radeon Pro]] series of GPUs, which are designed specifically for CAD/CAM rendering. Since these machines are usually devoted to a single, expensive, application it's especially important to pay close attention to the requirements of that application. Spec the hardware to support the software - always a good idea but especially important here. 

Some examples of this specialized software are [[w:Autodesk 3ds Max|Autodesk 3ds Max]], [[w:Autodesk Maya|Autodesk Maya]], [[w:AutoCAD|AutoCAD]], [[w:Cinema 4D|Cinema 4D]] and [[w:Maxwell Render|Maxwell Render]] amongst [[w:Comparison of computer-aided design editors|many others]].

=== Mining rig ===
A mining rig is a computer designed to mine cryptocurrency with the use of multiple high-end GPUs. Graphics cards are the most important for mining. You should get a case and motherboard that are specifically designed for multiple graphics cards. To supply all of power to the components, you will need a Gold or better power supply capable of supplying lots of power. CPU, RAM and storage are the lowest priorities.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 12 GB ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti 12 GB ($800)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB ($1150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;&quot; | 1000 W Gold power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 8 GB) ($55)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB (32 GB total) ($2300)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (48 GB total) ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;&quot; | 1500 W Gold power supply ($420)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 3 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (72 GB total) ($4800)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;&quot; | 2300 W Platinum power supply ($800)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 6 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (144 GB total) ($9600)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;&quot; | Dual 2300 W Platinum power supplies ($1600)
|}

== Do I plan on overclocking my computer? ==
[[File:Cooler Master Hyper 212 Plus vs. Intel Stock.jpg|thumb|An aftermarket CPU heatsink side by side with a stock heatsink. Larger heatsinks help keep components cool during overclocking, and larger fans often help either move much more air through a system for the same level of noise, or move the same amount of air for much less noise.]]
Overclocking consists of running components at faster internal speeds than they are rated for, gaining a bit of extra performance out of the part. If you are serious about overclocking your computer, you need to do extensive research into the components you select, as some parts respond to overclocking better than others. Overclocking usually voids your warranty and is risky as you can shorten the life of your components or even burn them out completely! You need to take cooling the computer more seriously as overclocking generates additional heat. Anything from a few extra fans to a liquid-cooled system may be necessary depending on the nature of your system.

Many parts that are the same model can overclock differently due to manufacturer binning, leading to a &quot;Silicon Lottery&quot; of sorts. For example, consider three different Raptor Lake 13700K CPUs that are installed in identical systems - a good chip can clock up to about 5.7 GHz, an excellent one may be able to hit 6.1 GHz, while a bad one may stop at 5.3 GHz. If you are willing to pay more, some vendors sell pre-binned CPUs which have been previously tested to overclock well.

Most AMD processors can be overclocked. For Intel processors, only the K series CPUs (which cost about $20-40 USD more than the normal version) and the Extreme Series generally allow full overclocking.

== Do I plan on underclocking my computer? == 
This can be ideal for always-on entertainment systems. Underclocked parts run cooler, often enabling passive cooling options to be used, which leads to a much quieter system, and you'll also save on power.

However, you'll lose performance from the CPU. You may wish to ''undervolt'' the CPU instead; see the [[../Silencing|Silencing]] section to find out how.

== Can I use any of the parts from my old computer? ==
[[File:2017 mid range pc in late 1990s case.jpg|thumb|A 2017 PC built in a case from the 1990's. While this decision sacrifices front IO and modern airflow designs, it does save money on the case. Some communities exist that build &quot;Sleeper PCs&quot;, modern high performance computers built to look like under powered or obsolete computers.]]
This depends on your situation; if your computer is more than four years old, chances are that most of the parts will be too old, slow or incompatible for your new machine. On the other hand, if you are upgrading from a fairly new machine, you may be able to use many of the parts. All of this assumes the old computer will no longer be used. If you, or someone else, is going to continue using your old computer, it's probably best just to leave it intact.

One important point – if you are selling your old computer it's a good idea to erase the hard drive before giving it to its new owner. A simple 'delete' command does not actually erase the data on your hard drive,leaving things like financial documents, passwords, healthcare records, browser history, and personal photos potentially recoverable through easy to use recovery software. To avoid this, programs are available that will effectively 'shred' your data, making it unrecoverable. Driver software that comes with some hard drives may also have programs to do this, that write 0s or 1s (either way, &quot;blankness&quot;) to the whole drive. Lower-tech approaches include drilling a few holes in the drive or taking a blowtorch to it. Obviously, either prevents it from being used again (Be planet friendly and try to avoid this).

Since monitor technology moves quite slowly, you can probably keep your current monitor and use it on the new computer if it's of sufficient size and clarity for your work. The same can go for keyboards, as well as mice, printers, scanners, and possibly speaker sets. On the inside, you may be able to take out the storage drive, and expansion cards. If your components are especially old, the features integrated into the motherboard may actually be superior to your old components, so testing with and without these your old devices is recommended. Sometimes so much is used from the old computer, that the line between an upgrade and a new computer can become blurred.

Reusing a hard drive is an easy way to keep data from your old computer. With most Windows operating systems moving a boot drive from one motherboard to another will entail a series of reboots and installation of new drivers. Back up your data before trying this, and note that Windows will usually ask you to reactivate. Keep the licence key ready.

== Where do I find the parts? ==
[[File:The Apple Department at the Queens, NY Micro Center.jpg|thumb|Computer retailers can be a handy source for parts, and often offer easy returns.]]
Once you have decided what you’re going to use your computer for, and have reviewed which parts are available for reuse, you should make a list of what components you will need to buy. A few hours of research can save you years of regret, so make sure that the computer you build will do what you need it to do. 

Computer terminology can be confusing, so if there are terms you don’t understand, be sure to look them up. Wikipedia is an excellent place to start if, for example, you’re not clear on the difference between, say, DDR4 and DDR5 memory.

There are several places to buy parts:

* '''Internet retailers''' generally offer the best price for new parts. If a part needs to be returned, you may be stuck for the shipping; check return policies before you purchase.
* '''Auction sites''' like eBay and several others offer very good prices for used parts. This is especially useful for parts which do not wear out, like RAM, and unlike HDD/SSDs. Returns can be problematic or impossible. Some auctions may not be legitimate. Always check the shipping cost before you bid.
* '''Local PC shops''' - Their prices are often higher, but they may make up for this by providing a lot of expertise. Get opinions from other sources, however, as they may be eager to sell you parts you don't need.
* '''Big box stores''' often lack technical expertise and charge higher prices, but can be useful because they usually handle returns quickly. Also good if you need something right away.
* '''Trade shows''' that occur from time to time also provide a good place to shop, as the prices are often significantly reduced, and the variety of prefabricated computers built towards specific computing needs tend to be higher.

Also, your local town dump may have a special section for computers and monitors that others have got rid of. These can be more or less brand new computers with trivial problems such as a busted power supply or faulty cables. Of course if the dump does have such a section, you should ask permission of those in charge. They're usually glad to let you go through it, but don't leave a mess. Taking advantage of this can yield incredible finds, with a price tag of nothing or very little.
=== OEM vs Retail ===
[[File:AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750G 6913.jpg|thumb|An OEM CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 Pro 4750G.]]
Many hardware manufacturers will sell the same components in both OEM and Retail versions. Retail hardware is intended to be sold to the end-user through retail channels, and will come fully packaged with manuals, accessories, software, etc. OEM stands for &quot;original equipment manufacturer&quot;; items labeled as such are intended to be sold in bulk for use by firms which integrate the components into their own products. 

However, many online stores will offer OEM hardware at (slightly) cheaper prices than the corresponding retail versions. You will usually receive such an item by itself in an anti-static bag. It may or may not come with a manual or a CD containing drivers. Warranties on OEM parts may often be shorter or nonexistent, and sometimes require you to obtain support through your vendor, rather than the manufacturer. OEM components are also sometimes specified differently than their retail counterparts, parts may be clocked slower, and ports or features may be missing. Some of the support may be less (as in the case of Microsoft). Again, do your research.

== What should affect the choice of any part/peripheral? ==
Many things should be taken into account when deciding what parts to buy. Below are some things to consider.

=== Compatibility ===
You’ll want to make sure that all the parts you buy work together without problems. The CPU, the motherboard, and the RAM in particular must be compatible with each other. Check the motherboard manufacturer's web site; most will list compatible RAM and processors. Often quality RAM that is not on the approved list (but is of the proper type) will work anyway, but the manufacturers list of processors should be rigidly adhered to, as even when a processor is supported by the socket on the motherboard, the motherboard firmware may not support it.

You’ll also want to make sure that your operating system supports the hardware you choose. Windows is supported by almost everything, though watch out for older components if you're planning on using Windows 11. If you have any interest in running Linux, or another operating system now or in the future, buy parts that are supported by that OS (Operating System). Check online to make sure there is no history of your chosen components causing issues when used together, or with software you plan on running.

=== Ergonomics ===
[[File:Delux M618 vertical mouse.jpg|thumb|This ergonomic mouse looks strange, but it is designed to reduce strain on your hands.]]
Ergonomics is the science of designing things so that they work with the human body. This is obviously important when choosing peripherals such as a keyboard or mouse but should also be considered when selecting a monitor, and especially when setting up the computer for your use. If your wrist hurts or you’re getting a crick in your neck, look at the physical setup of your computer, check your chair height and posture. An ounce of prevention here can avert troublesome repetitive strain injuries. Learning to type without looking down at the keyboard is very useful for avoiding neck strain.

=== Operating temperature ===
[[File:No blue smoke.jpg|thumb|A computer chip that has burnt out. Preventing damage like this is much easier than repairing it.]]
Modern components, notably processors, GPUs, RAM, and some elements on the motherboard, are very small and draw a lot of power. A small area doing a lot of work with a lot of power leads to high temperatures. Various factors can cause electronic parts to break down over time and all of these factors are exacerbated by heat. Very high temperatures can burn out chips almost instantly, while running hot can shorten the useful life of a part, so the cooler we can make these parts, the better.

If you are not going to overclock your system, stock air cooling, when paired with a good case with adequate fans, should be enough to keep your system cool. If you want a quiet computer then components designed for passive (fan-less) cooling can be paired with very low noise case fans (or a well-vented case). In general, high-end parts will require more attention to cooling.

To keep your system at a proper operating temperature, you can monitor vital components with software (which usually comes with your motherboard). If you are seeing high temps, make sure the interior of your case is dust free, and remember that most cooling solutions can not reduce the temperature of your computer parts below room temperature. Of course, unless you happen to have your computer outdoors in a climate such as the Sahara, room temperature will be well within the thermal limits of any component on your computer.

Which brings us to overclocking. It's specialty cooling solutions that make overclocking possible, a processor that might run stable at a maximum of 4.4 GHz at {{convert|65|C|F}} could hit speeds as high as 5.6 GHz with specialized cooling systems. A sensible person wanting a 20% overclock could add a special fan/heatsink to his CPU and some extra case fans. An enthusiast seeking a major overclock might go with a water-cooling solution for the CPU and GPU and sometimes other chips. The real fanatics have been known to use liquid nitrogen or total immersion in pure water or oil. You should not try any of the more extreme solutions unless you really know what you're doing.

=== Price ===
Today, there are a wide array of hardware components and peripherals tailored to fit every home computing need and budget. With all these options to choose from, it can be a bit overwhelming if you've never bought computer parts before. Shop around and remember to factor in shipping and handling, and taxes. Some places may be priced a bit higher, but offer perks such as free shipping, limited warranties, or 24-hour tech support. Many websites, such as [http://www.cnet.com CNET] and [http://www.zdnet.com ZDNet] offer comprehensive reviews, user ratings, and links to stores, including price comparisons. 

Since prices for any given part are always falling, it’s tempting to just wait until the part you want goes down in price. Unfortunately the reason prices decline is that better/faster parts are coming out all the time, so the part you want this year that costs $500 may well be $300 next year, but by that time you won’t want it any more, you’ll want the new, better part that still costs $500. At some point you’ve got to get on the bus and ride, even if the prices are still falling.

Usually the best bet is to buy just behind the bleeding edge, where, typically, you can get 90% of the performance of the top of the line part for 50% or 60% of the price. That last 10% is very expensive and if you don’t need it, you can save a lot of money with the second-tier part. 

It's a good idea to think about future upgradeability when selecting some components. While the computer that you're building today may be fine for your current needs you may want to upgrade it later. So look for components that support the newest standards and have room for future expansion, like a motherboard that will allow you to fit more memory than you are planning to use, or a case that has room for extra storage drives. If your current machine is maxed out the only possible upgrade is often a new machine.

You may also find that by over-specifying in some areas you can save money on others, e.g. if you don't currently need WiFi but you do need Bluetooth then you might want to purchase a WiFi card anyway as some of the higher end WiFi cards also support Bluetooth.

=== Performance ===
If money is no object just buy the most powerful components you can find. If, like most of us, there are limits to what you can/want to spend, then focus on those areas where more powerful parts will pay off for you and scrimp on others. Always look for that sweet spot on the price/performance curve where you get the most bang for your buck. When deciding where to cut back, remember that you have the option to upgrade in the future. Some components are easier to upgrade then others such as RAM, where an upgrade is as simple as popping more into a free slot. Other upgrades, such as replacing the CPU or GPU with a better model are more costly, as the original often serves no purpose following the upgrade (But may be resold online to recoup some of the cost).

== Primary components ==
These are the components that will be the core of your new computer. It is impractical to put together a PC compatible computer without these components and a bare set of peripherals.

[[Image:Personal_computer,_exploded_4.svg|right|thumb|350px|Exploded view of a personal computer:
&lt;br&gt;1 [[w:Computer display|Monitor]]
&lt;br&gt;2 [[w:Personal computer#Motherboard|Motherboard]]
&lt;br&gt;3 [[w:Personal computer#Central processing unit|CPU (Microprocessor)]]
&lt;br&gt;4 [[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|ATA]] sockets
&lt;br&gt;5 [[w:Personal computer#Main memory|Main memory (RAM)]]
&lt;br&gt;6 [[w:Expansion card|Expansion cards]]
&lt;br&gt;7 [[w:Power supply unit|Power supply unit]]
&lt;br&gt;8 [[w:Optical disc|Optical disc drive]]
&lt;br&gt;9 [[w:Personal computer#Hard disk drive|Hard disk drive (HDD)]]
&lt;br&gt;10 [[w:Computer_keyboard|Keyboard]]
&lt;br&gt;11 [[w:Mouse (computing)|Mouse]] 
]]

=== Case ===
{{Wikipedia| ATX#Power_supply}}
The case is one of the most practical straightforward parts of a computer. A case can also be aesthetically pleasing, and help improve your computing experience.

==== Form factor ====
Form factor is the specification that provides the physical measurements for the size of components supported. Your case should support one or more of the following common formfactors. It's a good idea to match the formfactor of a case with a motherboard.

=====Large Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:EATX|EATX]] or Extended ATX boards are {{convert|12|x|13|in|cm}}. This format is almost exclusive to workstation and high end gaming computers.
* [[Wikipedia:ATX|ATX]] is the most common form factor and is the de facto standard. Supports about 7 expansion slots.

These formfactors offer the most amount of flexibility in expansion. These spacious cases are often easy to work in, but hard to move around.

=====Small Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:microATX|microATX]], or µATX, is smaller than standard ATX. Many cases that support ATX also allow micro-ATX. Supports about 4 expansion slots.
* [[Wikipedia:Mini-ITX|Mini-ITX]] is even smaller at {{convert|6.75|in|cm}} square. Supports at most one expansion slot.

These form-factors let you build relatively small and even portable computers, ideal for taking to LAN parties or for people who frequently move.

Slim cases are offered in these form factors. These cases are significantly thinner than regular cases. However, you will be limited to using slim expansion cards as well. You may also need to use laptop components in some areas to save space depending on the case.

Particularly small cases can be hard to work in and offer limited expansion. They may have airflow problems, and cable management can be a challenge. You may need to find low profile cooling units, and the case may not support regular sized power supplies. You may also want to get angled cables or adapters if spacing between parts is tight, and you suspect it would make your work easier.

==== Drive Bays ====
Internal storage drives take up space in the case, so make sure you consider how many drives you will need and what size slot they require. Not all cases support every drive size.

There are several bay sizes, and each has a typical use.
* 5.25&quot; bays typically hold optical drives, fan controllers, or other accessories, and are external facing.
* 3.5&quot; external bays are typically used for smaller versions of accessories found in 5.25&quot; bays (But not optical drives).
* 3.5&quot; internal bays are used for holding desktop hard disks or an SSD.
* 2.5&quot; bays are typically used for holding an SSD or laptop size hard disk.
Note that it's possible to buy adapters to fit items that go in small bays (usually hard drives) into large bays.

Many cases offer modular drive bays, which can be removed if they are not needed to make space for other components. This can be useful if a drive bay is getting in the way of another component, such as a long graphics card.

Some cases designed for minimalist aesthetics or gaming will not use external drive bays to make room for better airflow. If you use a case like this and need an optical drive, you will have to get an external drive.

If you are planning on using an M.2 SSD, your motherboard will provide a slot for your storage device. Some cases will have dedicated mounting points for 2.5&quot; storage drives, which can free up space in other areas of the case.

==== Front IO ====
Almost all cases will feature a power on button on the front of the case. Other common IO featured on the front of cases includes audio jacks, USB ports, a reset button, status lights, and other features. 

It's important to consider where the front IO is on the case you buy, and how it factors into your workspace. For example, if your case will just barely fit under your desk, IO located on the very top of your case could be hard to use.

In rare instances when you are not purchasing a new case you need new to get front IO separately from your case, (For example, when using an very old, nonstandard, or DIY case) there are simple kits available that give you a power button and a few IO ports. Alternatively you can manually use a jumper each time you want to turn the computer on, though this is somewhat tedious.

==== Computer Aesthetics ====
Cases are typically made of steel or more rarely aluminum, and usually have accents made out of plastic. More exotic case materials are sometimes used such as wood.

Some cases hide their 5.25&quot; bays with a door for a cleaner look. This has a practical benefit of helping reduce drive noise.

A quality case will include features that make it easier to manage cables. Besides looking better, by keeping cables out of the way and orderly, maintenance and troubleshooting is made easier.

Cases typically mount the power supply in either the top of the case, or the bottom. Some higher end cases will have a separate chamber for the power supply, assisting cable management and giving it a degree separation from the hot components in the rest of the case.

Many cases will have windows installed. These provide a view into the system, and can highlight nice looking components. When moving a computer with a windowed case, keep in mind that an acrylic window will easily scratch, and a glass window may shatter. A solid sheet of metal is best when it comes to blocking noise and durability.

Many gamers use components with RGB lighting to give their computer flair. Keep in mind that there aren't really unified standards for RGB lighting, so if you want to mix and match between different manufacturers and coordinate the resulting lightshow you'll need to use multiple software products at the same time. RGB LED light strips, or their older counterpart cold cathode lights can be used to provide lighting if your components lack integrated lights.

Some cases feature integral noise reducing foam, offering a clean look while providing the benefits of noise reduction.

Many people like to [[w:Case modding|mod their cases]]. There are many easy mods that can be done before your computer is built (And all electronics are removed from the case), such as painting the case a different color, or giving it a funky coat of paint through [[w:Water transfer printing|Hydro dipping]]

A case stand can be a good tool to use if you plan on placing your computer on the ground, as it creates additional clearance from things such as dirt, dust, and carpets.

You may want to use a dust cover for unused ports. This helps you avoid trying to plug in devices into the wrong ports when reaching behind a case, and helps make cleaning easier. Dust covers also exist for external peripherals such as monitors if you plan on storing them away for a while.

===Cooling===
==== Fans ====
[[File:Fans from computer case - front and back - 2018-05-22.jpg|thumb|Two fans of different sizes.]]

Most cases mount one or more case fans, distinct from the fans that may be attached to the power supply, video card and CPU. The purpose of a case mounted fan is to move air through the system and carry excess heat out. This is why some cases may have two or more fans mounted in a push-pull configuration (one fan pulls cool outside air in, the other pushes hot interior air out). The more air these fans can move, the cooler things will generally be. 

Fans for case cooling currently come in two common sizes, 80&amp;nbsp;mm and 120&amp;nbsp;mm, and computer cases tend to support one size or the other. The larger 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans spin more slowly while moving a given volume of air, and slower fans are usually quieter fans, so the 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans are generally preferred, even though they cost a little more. Good 80&amp;nbsp;mm fans can still be fairly quiet, so while fan size is a factor, it shouldn't be a deal-breaker if the case has other features you like.

Make sure the power plug on the chosen case fan is supported by your motherboard; 3- and 4-pin connectors are common. Fans can also be powered directly by the PSU, but in that configuration, the motherboard can't control or report the fan's speed.

Variable speed fans with built-in temperature sensing are available. Variable speed fans tend to run quieter than constant speed fans, as they only move as much air as needed to maintain a set temperature within the case or the power supply box. Under typical operating conditions they may be barely audible.

Since fans run continuously when the computer is turned on, bearing selection may be important for long life. 
* The least expensive fans use '''sleeve bearings'''. As the fan ages, the lubricant in the sleeve bearing dries out and eventually the bearing wears, allowing the fan blade to nutate or vibrate, making it very noisy. In severe cases the bearing may seize and the fan will stop turning entirely, possibly jeopardizing the computer when ventilation fails. 
* The most expensive fans tend to be those that use '''ball bearings''', but they also have very long service lives. It isn't uncommon for a ball bearing fan to run continuously for 7 to 10 years&amp;nbsp;— possibly longer than the useful technological life of the computer within which it is mounted. Ball bearing fans tend to be slightly noisier than sleeve bearing fans. 
* A fairly recent type of fan bearing is a '''magnetic''' or '''&quot;maglev&quot;''' bearing, which uses a magnetic field to suspend the fan rotor without physical contact. Such fans exhibit practically zero bearing wear and barring a failure in their motor drive components, have essentially an infinite service life. Maglev bearings also tend to be completely silent, and when used in a variable speed fan, can produce practically silent ventilation.

The orientation of fans inside your case can have a big impact on cooling, as well as how quickly dust builds up. Some cases will include dust traps to reduce the amount of dust entering a system. Aftermarket dust filters also exist, but can be harder to mount.

==== Water Cooling ====
[[File:Deepcool cooler.png|thumb|An all in one cooler mounted on a CPU.]]
A water cooling system will cool parts by running water over a heatsink. a pump moves the water in a closed loop, which goes to a radiator for cooling. Additional parts, such as flow sensors and quick connects, can make maintaining a water cooling setup easier. Since the radiator can be placed anywhere, it can be much bigger then a typical heatsink, allowing for more efficient cooling. Typically water cooling is used for the CPU, but it can also be used for other components, such as graphics cards. Custom water cooling setups can either use hard tubing or soft tubing. Some manufacturers make All in One (AIO) watercooling units, which is basically a water cooling solution that's prebuilt. 

Compared to air cooling, water cooling adds significant cost, complexity, and risk to a system build. However it can allow for quieter operation, and a well built water cooling setup can look great.

====Minor component cooling====
While shopping for coolers you may see passive, fan, or even water cooling solutions for RAM, chipsets, SSDs and other devices. These devices do not typically produce significant heat, and do not require additional cooling. These devices are mainly aimed at serious overclockers and those who want to improve the aesthetics of these components. However running components cooler to a point can be good for their lifespan, and adding these components typically only hurts your wallet.

=== Power Supply ===
{{Wikipedia| Power supply unit (computer)}}
[[File:Modular vs non-modular PSU.JPG|thumb|A modular power supply on the left sits next to a non-modular power supply on the right. By allowing you to select only the cables you need, Modular power supplies make cable management much easier.]]
====Power Supply Basics====
The power supply unit (PSU) is a device that converts the electricity from the power grid into a form you can use. The power supply you choose needs to supply enough stable DC power to all the components and even to some of the peripherals. It needs also to be consistent, by complying with accurate standard voltages, i.e. the 12 volt rail needs to supply 12 volts (within normal tolerances of 10% or so) steadily under any foreseeable load, likewise the 3 and 5v rails at their respective voltages. Cheap power supplies tend to fall down in these areas. There are several tech-heavy websites that actually throw a multimeter on the PSU in the course of a review, seek these out and make sure you select a quality PSU.

====PSU Specs====
Power supplies typically use one of two ratings, one being the continuous rating and the other being the peak rating. The continuous rating is how much power can be delivered indefinitely, and the peak rating is how much power can be delivered for a limited period of time. You want to go by the continuous rating to be safe. There are several calculators that try to help you select an adequate PSU for your system, which are linked in the footer.

Your power supply should have the right number of connectors for your needs e.g. six-pin PCI power, ATX12VO vs. 24-pin motherboard connectors, etc. If you are planning on running two or more video cards in SLI (NVIDIA) or Crossfire (AMD) mode, make sure your power supply is certified for that use. Most power supplies will have cables long enough for most any case, but some larger cases will make good cable management difficult with power-supplies that have shorter cables.

Cheap power supplies often require you to select your mains voltage with a switch. Higher quality power supplies have circuitry that actively adjusts for incoming voltage, and thus do not need to be told what voltage to expect. It's always a good idea to check to make sure a power supply is compatible with the mains power used in your country prior to use.

Choose an efficient PSU. Efficient PSUs run cooler and more quietly and thus do not create as much noise which is important if you plan to sleep or think in the same room with it or use it as a media center PC. They also reduce energy usage, which in turn saves money on the electric bill. 

If your budget allows, consider opting for a modular PSU. These have connectors that can be added or removed, which allows for more versatility and also reduces clutter.
The power supply also has an exhaust fan that is responsible for cooling the power supply, as well as providing a hot air exhaust for the entire case. Some power supplies have two fans to promote this effect. 

It is important to buy a power supply that can accommodate all of the components involved. A bad or inadequate power supply can fail and destroy not only itself, but potentially the rest of the computer, so it's important to get a decent one. Keep in mind that having a higher-rated power supply will not draw much more power than what your computer actually uses, but it may decrease the efficiency of the unit if significantly less power is being drawn then what the power supply is rated for.

====PSU accessories====

A surge protector is a good idea. Not only does this help protect your computer, it also can expand an outlet for more peripherals. Higher end surge protectors often include protection for network cables as well.

To supplement a PSU, consider getting an [[w:Uninterruptible Power Supply|Uninterruptible Power Supply]] (UPS). This is a device that provides a few minutes of temporary power to your computer and monitor during a brownout or blackout giving you enough time to safely shut down your computer. UPS units are typically external and look and function like big power strips. Many consumer UPS units have built in surge protectors. If you live in an area with poor power quality or frequent blackouts, a UPS can help save your PSU from significant wear.

=== CPU (processor) ===

We discuss choosing a CPU in the next chapter,
[[How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Choosing the parts/CPU]].

=== Motherboard ===
[[Image:Asus A8N-VM CSM Rev1.10G 20060626a.jpg|thumb|right|350px|A PC motherboard: IDE connectors and the motherboard power connector (white with large holes) are on the left edge. Between them and the large quadratic CPU socket in the lower middle are the longish RAM sockets. The extension slots are above the CPU socket (two white, one black) and the ports for external devices are on the right edge.]]

The motherboard is a very important part of your computer. A good motherboard allows a modest CPU and RAM to run at maximum efficiency whereas a bad motherboard restricts high-end products to run only at modest levels. Higher end motherboards often offer additional features, such as faster built in networking, better built in audio, built in Wi-Fi, a small display that shows diagnostic codes, better power delivery to support overclocking and reliability, RGB LED controllers, built in IO Shield, or other features. The difference between a cheap and a quality motherboard is typically around $100.

There are many things one must consider in choosing a motherboard: CPU interface, Chipset, form factor, expansion slot interfaces, and other connectors.

==== CPU interface ====
The CPU interface is the &quot;plug&quot; that your processor goes into. For your processor to physically fit in the motherboard, the interface must be an '''exact match''' to your processor. Intel currently has two mainstream formats, the LGA 1851 for their current (200 series) Core processors (Core Ultra 9 285K or 5 245KF) or the LGA 1700 supporting their older 12th-14th gen processors. AMD currently uses a few sockets: AM5 for their current (7000 to 9000 series) Ryzen CPUs (Ryzen 9 7950X3D or Ryzen 5 9600X), AM4 for older (5000 series and older) Ryzen processors, and TR4 for their thread ripper processors.

Check with the motherboard manufacturer to ensure that the slot on the motherboard will support the CPU you want to use. It is important to know whether the motherboard's bus can support the exact CPU you plan on using.

If the motherboard, CPU, and heatsink/fan are not compatible and installed correctly, you can destroy the CPU and/or the motherboard in a matter of seconds. Most modern processors come with a stock cooling fan which will work well at stock speeds, stick with this if you have any doubts.

====Chipset====
The Chipset is a piece of hardware integrated into the motherboard and cannot be upgraded later. This often determines what processors are supported by the motherboard, as well as how many lanes and the generation of PCI Express, USB ports, and SATA ports/slots the motherboard supports. USB and SATA ports can be expanded by add on cards, but PCI express lanes are fixed. Cheaper motherboards tend to use cheaper chipsets with reduced features.

====UEFI====
Motherboards come with a piece of software that called UEFI or BIOS in older models. This software is responsible for preparing your computer for use by an operating system, as well as for configuring low level details of your system. Features offered by UEFI or BIOS vary quite a bit between manufactures and product lines. Some UEFI or BIOS can be updated, allowing for security fixes or new features to be added after purchase, and many of these systems will feature some form of redundancy to recover from a failed update (Which otherwise may turn the motherboard into a paperweight). Other motherboards allow BIOS control of overclocking of CPU, RAM and Graphics card which are much more stable and safer for overclocking. Newer BIOS have temperature controls, and functions that shut down the computer if the temperature gets too high.

Some motherboards are supported by open source firmware like [[w:coreboot|coreboot]] which can offer a fast and secure booting environment.

==== M.2 and SATA interface ====
SATA (Serial ATA) connections for hard drives and optical drives. SATA data connections are simple - one plug, one cable, one device. SATA power connections follow the same principal.

The serial ATA (SATA) interface has a separate motherboard connection for each drive that allow independent access and can increase the speed at which drives work. The cables are also narrow, improving the flow of air inside the case.

An M.2 Slot can be found on some motherboards to add an SSD. Unlike a SATA Drive, M.2 drives are small enough to be mounted directly on the motherboard.

==== Expansion slot interfaces ====
[[Image:PCIExpress.jpg|thumb|right|300px|PCI Express slots (from top to bottom: x4, x16, x1 and x16), compared to an old 32-bit PCI slot (bottom)]]

Due to the evolution of new graphics cards on the serial PCI-Express Technology, current newer motherboards have the following connections:

* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 16x/8x/4x''' for mainstream graphics cards (PCI Express Gen 1 x16 is 4 times speed of AGP 8x)
* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 1x''' for faster expansion cards (replacing older PCI)
{| class=wikitable
|+ Comparison of PCIe generations vs AGP 8x (improvement in times)
! {{Diagonal split header|Generation|Size}}
! 1x
! 4x
! 8x
! 16x
|-
! 1
| 0.25x
| 1x
| 2x
| 4x
|-
! 2
| 0.5x
| 2x
| 4x
| 8x
|-
! 3
| 1x
| 4x
| 8x
| 16x
|-
! 4
| 2x
| 8x
| 16x
| 32x
|-
! 5
| 4x
| 16x
| 32x
| 64x
|}

==== USB ====
[[Image:USB_Male_Plug_Type_A.jpg|thumb|right|Male USB &quot;A&quot; connector]]
In addition to the USB ports provided on the back panel, most motherboards will have connectors for additional ports, either on the front of the case or in a panel that fits where a PCI card might otherwise be connected. USB ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as printers, external drives, smartphones,cameras and an assortment of less serious devices like fans, and drink warmers. Given the growing popularity of USB devices, the more ports your motherboard supports, the better.

USB 3.0 ports are now available on the majority of motherboards and they are even faster than USB 2.0&amp;nbsp;— up to 5&amp;nbsp;Gbps. Although the majority of keyboards, mice and other such devices use USB2, almost all HDDs available now support the USB 3.0 standard as they are much faster under that. USB 3.0 ports are backwards compatible and can be used with USB 1 or 2 devices, although these will not receive the benefit of USB 3.0 speeds. USB 4 devices promise greater speed, and devices supporting it are slowly being released. USB-C ports are now available in nearly all new motherboards, and are even faster and versatile (with many doubling as a video output).

Note that, regardless of the motherboard's native support, additional ports of all kinds can be added via a PCI-E expansion card or USB device.

=== Memory ===
[[File:16 GiB-DDR4-RAM-Riegel RAM019FIX Small Crop 90 PCNT.png|thumb|A DDR4 SDRAM module]]
RAM capacity plays an important role in the computer's operation speed, as it provides the operating system caching space that allows foregoing access to the local disk, typically the main bottleneck of computer speed.

The amount of random access memory (RAM) to use has become a fairly simple choice. Unless one is building on a very restricted budget, one just has to choose between installing 8 or 16 gigabytes. 8 gigabytes of RAM is plenty for most modern operating systems, but all of them will run a little faster with 16 gigabytes. While 32-bit operating systems can address 4 gigabytes, they can utilize little more than three gigabytes as system RAM (actually 4 gigabytes minus Video RAM minus overhead for other devices). If one wishes to utilize the full 4 (or more) gigabytes of RAM, one needs to install a 64-bit operating system. It really comes down to a financial decision. Some specialized applications may profit from more than 16 gigabytes of RAM. If one plans on using such, make sure to check that both the operating system and the motherboard will accommodate the amount of RAM one has in mind. One might also choose to get 8 gigabytes of high quality RAM over 16 gigabytes of lesser quality, especially if one plans to overclock, though that is quite rare now. 

Another thing to consider when choosing the amount of RAM for one's system is the graphics card. Most motherboard-integrated graphics chips and PCI Express graphics cards marketed with the &quot;Turbo Cache&quot; feature will use system memory to store information related to rendering graphics; this system memory is generally not available at all to the operating system. On average, these graphics processors will use between 64 megabytes and 512 megabytes of system memory for rendering purposes.

The actual type of RAM one will need depends on the motherboard and chipset one gets. Old motherboards use DDR (Double Data Rate) RAM, DDR2 or DDR3. DDR5 is the current industry standard. Chip sets that use dual-channel memory require one to use two identical&amp;nbsp;— in terms of size and speed&amp;nbsp;— RAM modules.

If one is upgrading an existing computer, it is best to check if one's machine requires specific kinds of RAM. Many computer OEMs, such as Gateway and Hewlett-Packard, require custom RAM, and generic RAM available from most computer stores may cause compatibility problems in such systems.

Overclocking of RAM is possible, but you will have to keep the same precautions(actually more) for RAM. If your RAM temperatures get too high, they can get damaged. For this purpose, there are dedicated RAM coolers that can be used, but most will not find any need for them. The benefit of overclocking RAM, unlike overclocking your CPU, is limited to a few applications.

==== Labelling of RAM ====
RAM is labelled by its memory size in gigabytes (GB) and clock speed (or bandwidth).

For example, 

# DDR5-4800 16 GB is a 16 GB DDR5 stick running at 4800 MT/s (2400 MHz).
# LPDDR5-6000 8 GB is a low-power DDR5 stick running at 6000 MT/s (3000 MHz). Commonly seen in laptops, but also seen in some desktops.

DDR RAM has 5 versions: DDR (also DDRI), DDR2 (or DDRII), DDR3, DDR4 and DDR5. DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are currently obsolete.
# DDR5 supports DDR5-4400 and higher.
#* DDR5-8400 is highest speed of DDR5 as of 2024.
#* DDR5-7000 to DDR5-8200 are higher end models.
#* DDR5-6000 to DDR5-6800 are mainstream models.
#* DDR5-4400 to DDR5-5600 are budget models. They were mainstream in 2021-22.
# DDR4 supports DDR4-2133 to DDR4-5333&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pcgamesn.com/fastest-ddr4-ram&lt;/ref&gt; (generally overclocked).
#* DDR4-5333 is highest speed of DDR4 as of 2024.
#* DDR4-4000 to DDR4-5133 are higher end models.
#* DDR4-3000 to DDR4-3866 are mainstream models.
#* DDR4-2933 are budget models. Mainstream in 2018-20.
#* DDR4-2666 are budget models. Mainstream in 2016-19.
#* DDR4-2400 were older mainstream models from 2014-17.
#* DDR4-2133 were older mainstream models from 2014-15.
# DDR3 supports DDR3-1066 to DDR3-3000 (generally overclocked).
# DDR2 supports DDR2-533 to DDR2-1250 (generally overclocked).
# DDR supports DDR-266 to DDR-533.

=== Hard drive and SSD===
[[File:WD Caviar Green WD10EADS-91894.jpg|thumb|right|A hard drive. SATA data and power connectors can be seen on the edge of the drive.]]
Things to consider when shopping for a hard drive or SSD:

; Interface 
: The interface of a drive is how the hard drive communicates with the rest of the computer. The following hard drive interfaces are available:
:* '''[[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|Parallel IDE]] drives''' (PATA, also known as ATA or IDE) use cables that can be distinguished by their wide 40-pin connector, colored first-pin wire, and usually gray &quot;ribbon&quot; style cables. This technology is largely obsolete because SATA uses thinner cables, eliminates contention for the IDE bus that can occur when two PATA drives are attached to the same connector, and promises faster drive access. SSD's are generally not available for IDE, as they are too slow for a SSD (one notable exception is Transcand as of November 2014).
:* '''[[w:SATA|SATA]] drives''' have the advantages outlined above. If you want Serial ATA, you will either need to purchase a motherboard that supports it (all newer motherboards do), or purchase a PCI card that will allow you to connect your hard drive. Note that some older motherboards will not allow you to install Windows XP to a Serial ATA hard drive. There are 3 types of SATA. SATA 1 provides up to about 150 MB/s, SATA 2 provides about 300MB/s, SATA3 provides up to about 600 MB/s. Most new computers and HDD's come in SATA 3, but older computers may use SATA 2/1. Although they are both backwards and forward comparable, SSD's should be used in SATA 3 since they are too fast for SATA 2 or 1.
:* '''[[w:SCSI|SCSI]]''', although more expensive and less user friendly, is usually worthwile on high performance workstations and servers. Few consumer desktop motherboards built today support SCSI, and when building a new computer, the work needed to implement SCSI may be outweighed by the relative simplicity and performance of IDE and SATA. SCSI hard drives typically reach rotational speeds of up to 15,000 RPM, and are more expensive.
:* '''[[w:USB|USB]]''' can be used for connecting external drives. An external drive enclosure can convert an internal drive to an external drive.
:*PCI-E uses the PCI lanes of your computer. These lanes can be used to connect premium SSD's, and they are much faster than SATA-based SSD's. NVM Express, or NVMe for short is a common standard for PCI-E based storage. M.2 slots are an increasingly common interface for SSDs.
====SSD====
[[File:Samsung MZ-V6P2T0 20170427.jpg|thumb|An M.2 NVMe SSD]]
SSD is a hard storage system that use flash memory rather than rotational platters. Because of this, they make virtually no noise, have no latency (delays from spinning up and seeking the position), and generate far lesser heat than a HDD. If you plan to upgrade a computer, it is an excellent idea to replace an HDD with an SSD as the performance of the computer can be boosted by a wide margin. However, there are some important drawbacks. They are significantly more expensive per gigabyte (especially at larger capacities) compared to a hard drive, and typically come in smaller capacities. Furthermore SSD memory cells burn out over time due to wear caused by writing. However, this problem is mitigated by most modern SSD designs and software support that uses the SSD in such a way that all cells wear out at the same time. Whether or not you use an SSD, you should be backing up your data.

There are some important precautions to note if you do buy a SSD.
#'''Do not defragment the drive!''' SSD, unlike HDD, does not need to get defragmented and will instead cause unnecessary writes and can wear out the drive faster. Windows 7 and above will identify the drive and makes necessary optimizations. Older operating systems may need tweaks to correctly use an SSD
#Use SATA 3. Using SATA 2 or below reduces speed. If you can afford it, go for a PCI-E SSD card or NVME M.2 SSD as they are faster interfaces.

If your setup uses multiple storage devices, consider using a solid state drive as primary storage device by installing the operating system and [[:v:File_management#Incubate_work_on_flash_storage|incubating work]] on it, and a much larger hard drive as secondary storage.

==== [[w:Cache#Disk_buffer|Cache]] ====
The cache of a storage drive is a faster media than the drive itself and is normally 16MB (low end and laptop drives), 32MB (standard desktop drives), 64MB, 128MB, or 256MB (high end, high capacity desktop drives). Some very high capacity SSD designs will include several gigabytes of dram cache, which is used for performance and and some very cheap SSD designs will not have a DRAM cache at all, which can reduce performance. The existence of a cache increases the speeds of retrieving short bursts of information, and also allows pre-fetching of data. Larger cache sizes generally result in faster data access.

==== Form factor ====
:* 3.5 inch drives are usually used in desktops.
:* 2.5 inch drives are usually used in laptops and desktops with an adapter.
:* M.2 drives are used in laptops and desktops with appropriate motherboards.

==== Capacity ====
The smallest desktop hard disk drives that are widely available hold about 250GB of data, although the largest drives available on the market can contain 24TB (24000GB). Note that the advertised capacity is usually more than the actual size due to the binary differences in calculation. Few people will need disks this large - for most people, somewhere in the range of 500GB-1TB will be sufficient. The amount of space you will need can depend on many factors, such as how many high-end games and programs you want to install, how many media files you wish to store, or how many high-quality videos you want to render. It is usually better to get a hard drive with a capacity larger than you anticipate using, in case you need more in the future. If you run out of space, you can always add an additional hard drive using any free Serial ATA connector, or through an external interface, such as USB.

SSD capacities are markedly smaller then hard drive capacities, especially for the cost. SSD capacities range from 128GB on the low end, to several terabytes on the high end.

==== Rotational Speed ====
The speed at which the hard drives platters spin. Most laptop (2.5 inch) drives spin at 5400 RPM, while common desktop drives come in at 7200. There are PATA and SATA drives that spin at 10,000 RPM and some SCSI drives hit 15,000. However drives above 7,200 RPM usually have limited capacity, and a much higher price than comparable 7,200 RPM drives, making such drives advisable only when the fastest possible speeds are required. SSD's do not have moving parts.

==== Noise and Heat ==== 
Modern hard drives are fairly quiet in operation though some people are sensitive to the faint hum and occasional buzz they do make. If your HDD is loud, it could be an early sign of failure, so it’s time to think about replacing it. Hard drives will also throw some heat and adequate air circulation should be provided, usually by case fans. Rubber mount points can help reduce drive vibration. There is software available that will allow you to monitor both the health and temperature of your hard drive(s), it’s a good idea to check from time to time and make sure the temperature does not rise above 50 C. SSD's do not generate noise like an HDD would because they have no moving parts, however they do generate a small amount of heat. This heat can be offset by a small heatsink, which are often included on M.2 SSDs.

==== Warranty ====
Many manufactures offer warranties ranging from 30 days (typically OEM) up to five years. It may be worth spending an extra few dollars to get the drive that carries a longer warranty. Good quality SSD's can provide up to 10 years warranty (like Samsung 850 Pro).

== Secondary components ==
These components are important to your computer, but are not as central as the Core Components.

=== Video output ===
[[File:Radeon VII (Vorderseite).jpg|thumb|A video card.]]
====GPU Basics====
A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is what allows your computer to display images on a monitor. The majority of home and office computers use an 'onboard' or integrated graphic processor which is included on many processors, but workstations and gaming computers require the power of one or more dedicated graphics cards. Despite the name, modern GPU excel at processing large amounts of many different kinds of information, and are often used in physics simulations, audio processing, and even to run Artificial Intelligence models.

Currently, three companies dominate the 3D graphics accelerator market; nVIDIA, AMD and Intel, who build their own chips and license their technologies to other companies to integrate into video cards. These companies make a complete line of GPUs with entries at every price/performance level.

====Do you need a Graphics Card?====
If your tasks are non intensive such as web browsing or office work, or likely to be more dependent on the CPU then the GPU, you may be able to get away with an entry-level GPU, or even an integrated GPU. An integrated GPU uses the system's RAM, and relies heavily on your system's CPU. This will mean slow performance for graphic-intensive software, such as games. As long as your motherboard has slots for it, and your PSU has power for it, you can always add a GPU later should you find the integrated graphics inadequate.

If you have a CPU that does not have a graphics processor, as is common on some high end processor lines, then you will need to buy a discrete video card to use a monitor.

====Graphics Card Specifications==== 
Like a CPU, a GPU will have it's own clock speed and core count, though since GPU cores are simpler, many more can be fit onto a chip with high end GPUs having thousands of processors. Video cards have their own RAM which cannot be upgraded later, and many of the same rules that govern the motherboard RAM field apply here: to a point, the more RAM, and the faster it is, the better the performance will be. Most cards offer at least 8GB of VRAM, though many cards offer more. As a rule of thumb, if you want a high end video card, you need a minimum of 12GB of video memory or preferably 16GB.

It is generally better to choose your video card based on your own research, as everyone has slightly different needs. Many video card and chip makers are known to measure their products' performances in ways that you may not find practical. A good video card is often much more than a robust 3D renderer; be sure to examine what you want and need your card to do, such as digital (DVI) output, TV output, multiple-monitor support, built-in TV tuners and video input. Another reason you need to carefully research is that manufacturers will often use confusing model numbers designed to make a card sound better than it is to sell it better. For example, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX series claim to be part of the current line up (as of April 2023, the 4000-series of cards), however, they are inadequate for modern gaming, in many cases, and perform much closer to old, mid-end 2000 series cards than to the RTX 3000/4000 series cards.

====API Support====
Graphics cards provide various APIs to let software developers make programs that work for multiple GPU devices, without needing to make a specific version for each GPU. Games are very likely to require support for graphics APIs; multimedia or 3D graphics software also often uses graphics APIs. Most software that uses a GPU will require one or more APIs to be available and the API to be at a minimum version.

There are a few graphics APIs to look out for.
* [[w:Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]] - A modern API for Windows and GNU/Linux.  
* [[w:DirectX|DirectX]] - The Windows-exclusive graphics API.
** [[w:DirectX Raytracing|DirectX Raytracing]] - An extension to DirectX for raytracing.
* [[w:OpenGL|OpenGL]] - The old competitor to DirectX that works on Windows and GNU/Linux.

If you are using high-end productivity software that can leverage a GPU, you should also look out for GPGPU APIs. Your software will specify which it can use.
* [[w:OpenCL|OpenCL]] - A cross-platform API for GPGPU software.
* [[w:CUDA|CUDA]] - NVIDIA's exclusive GPGPU API.

There are also a few APIs and pieces of Middleware that are generally focused on games. Unlike the above, software that supports these features will typically work fine on unsupported cards, just with reduced features.
* [[w:GPUOpen|GPUOpen]] - A collection of open source game dev tools, made by AMD for all systems.
** [[w:TressFX|TressFX]] - Offers simulations of hair, grass, fur, and similar materials.
** FireRays - Cross-platform raytracing.
* [[w:Nvidia GameWorks|Nvidia GameWorks]] - NVIDIA's game dev tools for their own cards.
** [[w:Nvidia RTX|Nvidia RTX]] - NVIDIA's real-time ray tracing platform
** [[w:OptiX|OptiX]] - NVIDIA's productivity-focused ray tracing platform
** [[w:PhysX|PhysX]] - NVIDIA's physics library. PhysX can be run on the CPU if an NVIDIA card is not present.

==== Interface ====
The vast majority of graphic cards use the a 16x PCI-Express interface&lt;ref&gt;[https://graphicscardhub.com/gpu-slot-type/ graphicscardhub: gpu-slot-type]&lt;/ref&gt;. This will typically provide the best performance and is what most Graphics Cards are designed to be used with.

If you need an extremely small case, or would like to easily swap your GPU to other devices that can't accept PCI express cards such as a laptop, it is possible to get an external GPU enclosure that connects to your system through a thunderbolt port. These enclosures are expensive and reduce performance somewhat, but provide unique flexibility.

==== Video Output ====
Graphics cards offer a variety of ports to display pictures. Each port type has versions associated with it.
* [[w:HDMI|HDMI]] - A high end proprietary output standard that's common on consumer electronics.
* [[w:DisplayPort|Displayport]] - A high end output standard that's common on computers.

Some GPU are compatible with variable refreshrate monitors.
* [[w:FreeSync|FreeSync]] - AMD and recent NVIDIA cards both support FreeSync.
* [[w:Nvidia G-Sync|G-Sync]] - NVIDIA's proprietary adaptive sync solution. 

Keep in mind that to provide best picture quality your graphics card must be capable of displaying the same resolution as your LCD display's native resolution.

=== Optical Drives ===
[[File:Lite-On iHOS104-08 2010-01.jpg|thumb|An internal 5.25&quot; optical drive with a slot loading mechanism. This unit can read Blu-Ray, DVD, and CD media.]]

Optical drives offer an inexpensive and easy way to watch movies, listen to music, and make backups of important files.

When purchasing a DVD writer, you will want one that is capable of burning both the '+' and '-' standards, and it should also be Dual Layer compatible. This will ensure that you can burn to almost all recordable DVDs currently on the market.

Blu-Ray readers and writers are also available for computers, albeit at a greater cost then comparable DVD only drives. Blu-Ray disks store many times the amount that DVDs do. However software support for Blu-Ray movies is much worse then for DVDs, and it may not be worth the hassle and increased cost.

Optical drives primarily come in either 5.25&quot; bay, slim, or external form factors. Your computer case will likely determine which form factor drive you choose, with 5.25&quot; being most common, and some cases supporting slim drives. Some cases with minimalist designs or very small form factors may have no appropriate bays at all which would necessitate the use of an external drive. Most drives will use a tray loading mechanism, but some higher end or slim drives will instead use a slot loading mechanism instead.

Most applications are now being distributed over the Internet and even operating systems can be installed using a USB flash drive, so you may find that you do not need an optical drive. At the same time, an optical drive can be handy in some situations and are very cheap. You should think about your needs and decide if an optical drive makes sense for your build.

==== Cleaning optical disks ====
Dust can be removed from a CD's surface using compressed air or by very lightly wiping the information side with a very soft cloth (such as an eyeglass cleaning cloth) from the center of the disc in an outward direction. Wiping the information surface of any type of CD in a circular motion around the center, however, has been known to create scratches in the same direction as the information and potentially cause data loss. Fingerprints or stubborn dust can be removed from the information surface by wiping it with a cloth dampened with diluted dish detergent (then rinsing) or alcohol (methylated spirits or isopropyl alcohol) and again wiping from the center outwards, with a very soft cloth (non-linting : polyester, nylon, etc.). It is harmful, however, to use acetone, nail polish remover, kerosene, petrol/gasoline, or any other type of petroleum-based solvent to clean a CD-R; the use of petroleum based solvents will damage the polycarbonate surface and the CD-R will become unreadable.

=== Sound hardware ===
[[File:KORG DS-DAC-10 - 1-bit USB-DAC (photozou 208854840).jpg|thumb|An external DAC.]]
Most motherboards have built-in sound features. These are often adequate for most users. However, you can purchase a good sound card and speakers at relatively low cost - a few dollars at the low end can make an enormous difference in the range and clarity of sound. Also, these onboard systems tend to use more system resources, so you are better off with a real sound card for gaming.

Sound card quality depends on a few factors. The digital-analog converter (DAC) is generally the most important stage for general clarity, but this is hard to measure. Reviews, especially those from audio file sources, are worth consulting for this; but don't go purely by specifications, as many different models with similar specifications can produce completely different results. Cards may offer digital (S/PDIF) output, in which case the DAC process is moved from your sound card either to a dedicated receiver or to one built into your speakers.

Sound cards made for gaming or professional music tend to do outstandingly well for their particular purpose. In games, various effects are often times applied to the sound in real-time, and a gaming sound card will be able to do this processing on-board, instead of using your CPU for the task. Professional music cards tend to be built both for maximum sound quality and low latency (transmission delay) input and output, and include more different kinds of inputs than those of consumer cards.

External DACs have gained popularity in recent years. These often include headphone amps and improved isolation from the rest of the computer, reducing potential interference such as hissing caused by close proximity to some components.

=== Modem ===
In many areas of the world, dedicated internet infrastructure is lacking or non existent. In such areas, those desiring an internet connection need to use a modem. 

==== Wireless Modems ====
[[File:TCT Mobile one touch L100V-4224.jpg|thumb|Many wireless modems are small and come in a USB stick form factor.]]
Mobile broadband modems are often used to connect computers wireless to cellular networks. Though often intended for travelers, some do use these for desktop computers when conventional connections are absolutely impractical. These are faster than traditional dial up modems, but often cost much more in both their initial price, as well as in ongoing data costs.

==== Dial Up Modems ====
A traditional modem is needed in order to connect to a dial up Internet connection. A modem can also be used for faxing. Modems can attach to the computer in different ways, and can have built-in processing or use the computer's CPU for processing.

Modems with built-in processing generally include all modems that connect via a standard serial port, as well as any modems that refer to themselves as &quot;Hardware Modems&quot;. Software Modems, or modems that rely on the CPU generally include both Internal and USB modems, or have packaging that mentions drivers or requiring a specific CPU to work.

Modems that rely on the CPU are often designed specifically for the current version of Windows only, and will require drivers that are incompatible with future Windows versions, and may be difficult to upgrade. Software Modems are also very difficult to find drivers for non-Windows operating systems. The manufacturer is unlikely to support the hardware with new drivers after it is discontinued, forcing you to buy new hardware. Most such modems have internal or external USB, but this is not always the case.

Modems can be attached via USB, a traditional serial port, or an internal card slot. Internal modems and USB modems are more easily auto-detected by the operating system and less likely to have problems with setup. USB and serial port modems often require an extra power supply block.

=== Network interface card ===
[[File:Twisted pair based ethernet.svg|thumb|A visual representation of typical network speeds, as well as the cabling required to support those speeds.]]
==== Wired NIC ====
[[File:An Intel 82574L Gigabit Ethernet NIC, PCI Express x1 card.jpg|thumb|A PCI Express 1x network interface card. The bracket at the top can be swapped with the included bracket for use in low profile cases.]]
A Network interface card (NIC for short), or Ethernet card, is required in order to connect to a local area network or a cable or DSL modem. These typically come in speeds of 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps (gigabit) or 2.5Gbps; these are designated as 10Mbps, 10/100Mbps, 10/100/1000Mbps or 2.5Gbps products. The 10/100/1000Mbps parts are most common in use today. In many cases, one or two Ethernet adapters will be built into a motherboard. If there are none, you will have to purchase an adapter. These typically cost less then $20 and are inserted into a expansion slot. 

Most motherboards now feature either a 10/100/1000Mbps or a 2.5Gbps ethernet port and are adequate for most users.

Typically networks are only as fast as their slowest component. Speeds can be negatively affected by factors external to your computer such as old or improperly installed network cable, or an outdated router.

==== Wireless NIC ====
A wireless network interface card can be used to add Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support to a computer. These cards are typically installed in a similar way to an Ethernet NIC, but have antennas or antenna mounts instead of an Ethernet jack. External USB versions are also available.

Many internal adapters will come with detachable antenna. Antenna come in a variety of form factors, and designs. A big factor in antenna choice is weather or not to get an omnidirectional antenna that does an decent job most of the time and reduces the need for optimal positioning, or a directional antenna that offers stronger signal but can only work well when positioned correctly.

== Peripherals ==
Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. The keyboard, mouse and monitor are pretty much the bare minimum you can go with and still be able to interact with your computer. Your choice in peripherals depends on personal preference and what you intend to do with your computer.

===Mouse===
[[File:Logitech-G5-Mouse-Rust.jpg|thumb|Mice can have a variety of perks on top of standard features. This mouse has additional buttons and adjustable weight.]]
Most modern mice are based on [[w:Optical mouse|optical designs]], using either an LED or laser to track the surface it's placed on. Mice of medium-to-high quality will track your movement almost flawlessly. Many higher end mice feature different DPI settings for different use cases. Some optical mice are unable to track on some surfaces. In such cases, a mouse pad may be needed. Some mice may offer adjustable weights to help make your experience more comfortable.

Most mice are designed to be ambidextrous or are explicitly designed for right handed use. Some manufacturers that make right handed oriented mice will also make a left handed version.

Mice come in wireless and wired varieties. Wired mice offer fast and reliable communication, with no batteries to worry about. Wireless mice usually require a battery or sometimes a special mousepad, and use either Bluetooth or a special USB device to communicate with the PC. Wireless mice can be nice to use if your desk setup causes cable snagging.

Although three buttons are generally enough for operating a computer in normal circumstances, extra buttons can come in handy, as you can add set actions to each button, and they can come in handy for playing various video games. One thing to note is that with some mice those extra buttons are not actually seen by the computer itself as extra buttons and will not work properly in games. These buttons use software provided by the manufacturer to function. However, it is sometimes possible to configure the software to map the button to act like a certain keyboard key so that it will be possible to use it in games in this manner.

If desk space is at a premium, you may want to consider using a trackball mouse. Instead of moving the mouse around to move the cursor, this type of mouse has you use a ball to position the cursor. While not the best for gaming, this style of mouse is perfectly fine for web browsing and productivity.

===Keyboard===
[[File:2018 Bay Area Mechanical Keyboard Meetup (31006275737).jpg|thumb|Keyboards are made in a variety of formfactors and styles.]]
====Keyboard specifications====

Keyboards most commonly come as membrane keyboards, but if you plan on typing for long periods of time a mechanical keyboard may help improve your typing experience. Stores will often have display model keyboards that you can test to find your preferred style.

[[w:Rollover (key)|Key rollover]] is the number of keys a keyboard can read simultaneously, and is an important factor for power users and gamers. Most keyboards support at least a few keys being pressed at one time. High end keyboards support N key rollover and can accept an arbitrary number of keys at the same time.

Keyboards sometimes come with extra non-standard features, such as multimedia controls, or small displays.

====Keyboard formfactors====

Ergonomic keyboards also exist that can help reduce repetitive strain injuries. 

Keyboards come in a variety of sizes. Full size keyboards are the most common. Ten keyless keyboards eliminate the number pad for a smaller size. Some smaller keyboards are categorized by the percentage of keys removed compared to a full size keyboard, typically ranging from the mostly normal 75%, to the tiny 40%.

Keyboards come in either wired or wireless models. Wired keyboards are very straightforward, and since they do not need to be moved as a mouse does, they are often preferable for desktops. Wireless keyboards do not now display the sort of noticeable delay that they once did, and now also have considerably improved battery life. However, gamers may still want to avoid wireless input devices because the very slight delay may impact gaming activities, though some of the higher end models have less trouble with this. The occasional need to replace or charge batteries is also an inconvenience.

====Keyboard accessories====
Some keyboards allow for swapable keycaps, allowing you to customize the look of your keyboard. If your keyboard supports this, you will want an appropriate keycap removal tool to make the process easier.

If your keyboard does not come with a wrist rest, third party rests are commonly avalible.

=== Printer and scanner ===
[[File:Epson workforce 600 open cover.jpg|thumb|Multi function printers such as this one can also scan documents.]]
For most purposes, a mid-range inkjet printer will work well for most people. If you plan on printing photos, you will want one that is capable of printing at around 4800dpi. Also, you will want to compare the speed of various printers, which is usually listed in ppm (pages per minute). When choosing a printer, always check how much new cartridges cost, as replacement cartridges can quickly outweigh the actual printer's cost. Be aware of other possible quirks as well. For example, Epson has protection measures that make refilling your own ink cartridges more difficult because an embedded microchip that keeps track of how much ink has been used keeps the printer from seeing the cartridge as full once it has been emptied.

For office users that plan to do quite a bit of black and white printing buying a black and white laser printer is now an affordable option, and the savings and speed can quickly add up for home office users printing more than 500 pages a month.

Scanners are useful, especially in office settings, they can function with your printer as a photocopier, and with software can also interact with your modem to send Faxes. When purchasing a Scanner, check to see how &quot;accessible&quot; it is (does it have one-touch buttons), and check how good the scanning quality is, before you leave the store if possible.

Finally, &quot;Multi-Function Centres&quot; (also called &quot;Printer-Scanner-Copiers&quot;) are often a cost-effective solution to purchasing both, as they take up only one port on your computer, and one power point, but remember that they can be a liability, since if one component breaks down, both may need to be replaced.

=== Display ===
[[File:ASUS curved monitor 20170603.jpg|thumb|Computer monitors come in a variety of form factors and styles.]]
When choosing a display for your computer, you should look at a few factors that determine the quality of the display.

Resolution governs how detailed of a picture a display can show. The higher the resolution, the more detail can be shown at once. Keep in mind that higher resolutions are also harder to for your computer to draw, and very high resolution monitors may not be the best choice if your computer's GPU can not adequately drive them at their native resolution.

Refresh rate governs how often a new picture is drawn. 60 times a second is common, though some displays will go lower (Resulting in a choppier look) or higher (Resulting in a smoother look). Some monitors will work with video cards to use a variable refresh rate, which can produce a smoother picture, especially during games.

Aspect ratio is a way of expressing the horizontal size of the screen to the vertical size of the screen. 16:9 is the most common display ratio today due to it's use in cinema, though 4:3 monitors were once the most popular choice, and are still preferred by many writers and programmers for their use of vertical space. Some displays are much wider than they are tall; these displays are often called ultrawides, often 21:9 or 32:9.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Common resolutions by aspect ratio
|-
! 4:3 !! 16:10 !! 16:9 !! Other
|-
| 640×480 || 1280×800 || 1280×720 || 1280×1024
|-
| 800×600 || 1440×900 || 1366×768 || 2560×1080
|-
| 1024×768 || 1680×1050 || 1600×900 || 3440×1440
|-
| 1152×864 || 1920×1200 || 1920×1080 || 2560×2048
|-
| 1600×1200 || 2240×1400 || 2560×1440 || 5120×1440
|-
| 2048×1536 || 2560×1600 || 3840×2160 || 5120×2160
|-
| 3200×2400 || 3840×2400 || 7680×4320 || 7680×2160
|}
Some displays handle colors better then others. Some monitors sport higher bit depths, high dynamic range, or techniques for showing deep blacks to improve the color experience. A monitor's color accuracy determines it's ability to show those colors accurately, though this is primarily of concern to those producing visual media as most monitors are fairly accurate.

Some content requires [[w:High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection|HDCP]] support to play. This requires support by the monitor, the cable, and the computer itself.

The bezel is the space between the end of the display, and the end of the monitor. If you plan on placing multiple monitors next to each-other (Ideally of the same make), a smaller bezel can help reduce the interruption between the two spaces

==== LCD panels ====
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have the advantage of being a completely digital setup, when used with the DVI-D or HDMI digital connectors. When running at the screen's native resolution, this can result in the most stable and sharp image available on current monitors. Many LCD panel displays are sold with an analog 15-pin VGA connector or, rarely, with an analog DVI-I connector. Such displays will be a bit fuzzier than their digital counterparts, and are generally not preferred over a similarly-sized CRT. If you want an LCD display, be sure to choose a digital setup if you can; however, manufacturers have chosen to use this feature for price differentiation.

A big disadvantage for LCD displays are dead pixels and stuck pixels. These small, failed areas on the monitor can be very annoying, but generally aren't covered under warranty as most LCD panel manufacturers allow for a certain number of dead pixels in their product specification. This can make purchasing LCD displays a financial risk. This can be alleviated somewhat if you are able to look at the display before purchase, or if you shop at a merchant that allows returns for such conditions. Some media files exist that cycle through colors to highlight dead pixels, and it may be worth running such a test prior to your purchase if possible.

LCDs are acceptable for fast-paced gaming, but you should be sure that your screen has a fairly fast response time (of 4 ms or lower) if you want to play fast games. Many flat panels sold today meet this requirement, some by a factor of 3. Some gaming focused LCD monitors will offer higher refresh rates then the standard 60, which can aid those playing very fast paced games.

When picking an LCD, keep in mind that they are designed to display at one resolution only, so, to reap the benefits of your screen, your graphics card must be capable of displaying at that resolution. That in mind, they can display lower resolutions with a black frame around the outside (which means your entire screen isn't filled), or by stretching the image (which leads to much lower quality).

When choosing an LCD, make sure to get one which uses IPS technology, as that one provides for sharper colour reproduction and also has high viewing angles. The older TN (often found in very cheap displays) is only relevant for gamers who need fast response times; otherwise, it has weaker colours and has poor viewing angles and should be ignored.

==== OLED panels ====
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) displays are a fairly new display type. They have infinite contrast ratio due to each pixel being emitted light without a backlight, allowing for deep blacks. Traditional LCD panels have a backlight, so black isn't really true black. Instead, they emit a faint, dark gray color. But the OLED panels are true black when pixels are switched off.

OLED displays also potentially offer lower power consumption, especially when most pixels are switched off.

Other advantages are very high refresh times (usually 0.03ms) and rates, as well as vivid colors.

Downsides are high cost compared to LCDs, and burn-in issues.

For example, a typical 32&quot; 4K 240Hz OLED monitor cost about $1000, but an equivalent VA or IPS model costs about $500-600.

==== Alternative Display types ====
[[File:HTC Vive Pro - 2.jpg|thumb|A VR headset]]
Some games, educational software, and telepresence software can optionally use or may require a virtual reality headset. Though pricey, these headsets offer immersion that is hard to beat. Keep in mind that a large open area of a room is required for safely experiencing non sit down experiences, and that a VR headset is intended to be a secondary, not a primary monitor.

CRT monitors are now obsolete and only really available on the used market, but a high quality CRT monitor can be a good option in some specific use cases. Namely CRT monitors often allow the user to choose between higher resolution and higher refresh rates. The analog nature of CRT monitors also makes latency near zero - much lower then LCD panels. Downsides to CRT monitors include their large size, power consumption, availability issues, and outdated connectors.

Some monitors include touchscreens or support specialized drawing pens, often meant to serve as a secondary display. Monitors supporting pen input in particular are good for those wishing to try digital illustration or digital sculpting, and often boast high color accuracy due to their artist centric design.

Digital projectors are increasingly available on the consumer market. While not really good for everyday use, they are nice for home theater computers and other scenarios where a large screen is needed.

==== Monitor positioning ====
The default way of using most monitors it to just sit them on a desk. This works fine for most users, and avoids additional costs.

A cheap way to free up desk space or make your monitor stand taller is to get a monitor riser. This is a small table that sits on top of your desk, holding your monitor up and giving you space to stash small items beneath it.

Power users may want to invest in a [[w:Flat Display Mounting Interface|VESA Mount]] setup. This mounts the monitor to movable arms or a nearby wall, and frees desk space for other uses. Alternatively, some very small case designs support being mounted on the back of a VESA Mount, letting your computer rest on the back of your monitor.

=== Speakers ===
====Loudspeakers====
[[File:Creative T4 Wireless 2.1 Speakers.jpg|thumb|A 2.1 speaker setup with subwoofer and remote.]]
Computer loudspeaker sets come in two general varieties; 2/2.1 sets (over a wide range of quality), and &quot;surround&quot;, &quot;theater&quot;, or &quot;gaming&quot; sets with four or more speakers, which tend to be somewhat more expensive. A 2-speaker set is adequate for basic stereophonic sound. A 2.1-speaker set adds a sub-woofer to handle low frequencies. Low-end speakers can suffer from low bass response or inadequate amplification, both of which compromise sound quality. Powered speakers with separate sub-woofers usually cost only a little more and can sound much better. At the higher end, one should start to see features like standard audio cables (instead of manufacturer-specific ones), built in DACs, and a separate control box. 

The surround sets include a sub-woofer, and two or more sets of smaller speakers. These support 5.1 or 7.1 standards that allow sound to be mixed not only left and right, as with standard stereo speakers, but front and back and even behind the listener. Movies and video games make use of this technology to provide a full-immersion experience. Make sure your sound hardware will support 5.1 or 7.1 before buying such a speaker system. If your budget allows, you can avoid the computer speaker market entirely and look into piecing together a set of higher-end parts. If you are buying a speaker system designed for PCs, research the systems beforehand so you can be certain of getting one that promises clarity rather than just raw power. Speaker power is usually measured in RMS Watts. However, some cheap speakers use a different measure, Peak Music Power Output (PMPO), which appears much higher.

For home theater PCs, a soundbar can be a good option for a simple setup.

====Headphones====
Headphones can offer good sound much more cheaply than speakers, so if you are on a limited budget, but want maximum quality, they should be considered first. They should also be considered if you live in a apartment or dormitory where noise is a consideration. The advantage of headphones is that the acoustic environment between the audio driver is fully contained and controlled within the earcups and is not dependent on room acoustics. There are even headphones which promise surround-sound, though these can be hit or miss and should be tested prior to purchase. Some headphones may include a basic microphone as well.

A headphone stand can help keep your workplace organized if you plan on frequently using one.

=== Microphones ===
[[File:Blue Snowflake USB microphone.jpg|thumb|An external microphone can allow you to make high quality audio recordings at home.]]
Microphones can be added to allow for voice chat, dictation software, or for just making recordings. If you are using a webcam or a gaming headset, you likely already have a decent microphone.

Most low end to midrange office, gamer, and prosumer microphones plug in via USB or 3.5&quot; audio jacks, or connect wirelessly via Bluetooth. For creators who need high end microphones, by using certain external DAC devices, it becomes possible to use professional microphones that use [[w:XLR connector|XLR connectors]], greatly increasing sound quality, at the cost of increased setup complexity, as well as increasing the price of the setup overall.

Another factor to consider when purchasing a microphone for a desktop PC is where you want to mount it, and if you have the right acoustics in your room for the level of quality you want. Casual users may be fine simply placing a microphone on their desk, where gamers with loud keyboards may want to mount their microphone on a separate surface. A pop filter is a cheap way to improve quality in some cases. If the acoustics in your room are not good or there is significant background noise which can't be eliminated then no amount of expensive equipment will fix the underlying problems causing bad sound, and you're best off either fixing those problems, or using a cheap microphone.

=== Webcams ===
A webcam can be added to a desktop to aid in video conferencing or streaming. Quality of webcams can vary significantly, so it's a good idea to look at examples of footage produced by a particular model before committing to a purchase. Web cams offer a variety of resolutions and frame rates.

Some webcams can be used for security features such as Windows Hello in Windows 10.

Many webcams have a physical privacy shutter to prevent accidental use, and cheap aftermarket shutters can be added for webcams without one. Many webcams support tripod mounts, which can be used to offer alternative angles for those with multiple cameras, such as streamers. Most webcams have a microphone built in.

=== Other peripherals ===
Some peripherals serve more niche uses. Though they are not needed for all users, you may find such devices useful if they compliment your specific needs, work or hobbies.

&lt;!--Idea for later: GPS receivers for those living mobile lives in RVs, car computers--&gt;
====Accessibility====
[[File:Plage-braille-Alva.jpg|thumb|A refreshable braile display used underneath a keyboard.]]
You may benefit from accessibility tools if you have an impediment, such as foot pedals, large button gadgets, or other devices.

[[wikipedia:Refreshable braille display|Refreshable braile displays]] and [[w:Screen reader|screen reader]] software can help users with visual impairments

====Security====
Hardware 2FA keys are a good idea for those who value security. These keys typically plug into a USB port and can be used as an extra layer of security on top of a password. A special webcam that uses structured light or a finger print reader can be used for Windows Hello.

&lt;!--Unsure if a hardware wallet for cryptocurrency enthusiasts would belong here.--&gt;
If you are using a disk encryption solution like Windows [[w:BitLocker|BitLocker]], it may be worthwhile to get a [[w:Trusted Platform Module|Trusted Platform Module]] made [[w:ROCA vulnerability|after 2018]]. This is a small piece of dedicated hardware that handles security related tasks. This requires that both the module and the motherboard are compatible with each other, both on a hardware level and a software level.

A port blocker or case lock may be OK for stopping casual mischief if you have regular guests or roommates, but most commercially available products in this category will not stand up to either a modestly talented tinkerer, or simple brute force.

====Gaming====
Fans of specific game genres may benefit from a flight stick, a stearing wheel, fight pad, arcade deck, or console style controller. There are also more esoteric control devices available, based on EEG readings, gesture recognition, or other unconventional inputs.

A video capture card can be used to record or stream the output of a game console or even another PC without impacting framerates. 

Streaming decks can help save time during livestreams.

====Creating====
[[File:Penciling on Wacom Cintiq 13HD by David Revoy.jpg|thumb|Drawing tablets use special pens to offer more natural input methods for artists.]]

Creatives and hobbyists may find workflow benefits from adding specialized peripherals to their workspace such as drawing tablets, MIDI keyboards, mixers, microscopes, 3D Scanners, software defined radios, plotters, laser cutters, or 3D printers.

== External links ==
* [https://outervision.com/power-supply-calculator The outervision power supply calculator]
* [https://pcpartpicker.com/ PCPartPicker] can help check for compatibility issues before you buy.
* [https://www.logicalincrements.com/ Logical Increments] offers a variety of example builds that are focused on balance at a given price point.
* [http://www.silentpcreview.com/article28-page1.html Silent PC Review of PSU units]

{{Chapter navigation||Assembly}}

[[it:Costruire un computer/Componenti]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Electrodynamics/Four-Vectors</title>
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        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448818</origin>
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      <text bytes="4498" sha1="24e7a1gs5citlofsvhqdjd194882lab" xml:space="preserve">{{Electrodynamics}}

== Elecromagnetic Four-Potential ==

This page will introduce the '''Four-Potential''', and the '''Four-Current''' notations, as well as the '''d'Alembertian''', which is used when studying these topics under the theoretical framework of [[Special relativity]]. These constructs, while a little confusing for some people, are fundamental to the way in which modern physicists study electric and magnetic fields, and therefore are worth learning. These topics may be introduced a little early here, although this chapter will not be rigorous. Instead, we will provide some common results here, and explain them thoughtout the next few chapters.

=== Potentials, As They Stand ===

Electric Potential (V), and Magnetic Vector Potential ('''A''') are given by:

:&lt;math&gt; \mathbf {E} = -\nabla V &lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt; \mathbf B = \nabla \times \mathbf A &lt;/math&gt;

Using Gauss's Law for Electricity:

:&lt;math&gt; \nabla \cdot \mathbf {E} = \frac {\rho}{\epsilon_0} &lt;/math&gt;

and then substituting E with the Gradient of V. We see that:

:&lt;math&gt; \nabla \cdot \nabla V = -\frac {\rho}{\epsilon_0} &lt;/math&gt;

or:

:&lt;math&gt; \nabla^2 V = -\frac {\rho}{\epsilon_0} &lt;/math&gt;

And from Coulomb's Law we see that:

:&lt;math&gt; V = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \int \frac{\rho}{\tau}{d\tau}&lt;/math&gt;

Using a similar technique in Magnetostatics gives:

:&lt;math&gt;\nabla^2 \mathbf{A} = -\mu_0 \mathbf{J}&lt;/math&gt; and 

:&lt;math&gt;\mathbf{A} = \frac{\mu_0}{4 \pi} \int \frac{\mathbf{J}}{\tau}d\tau&lt;/math&gt;

==Four Potentials and Four Currents==

We define a vector called the '''Four Potential''' as:

:&lt;math&gt;A^\mu = \left (\frac{V}{c}, \mathbf{A}\right) = (V, A_x, A_y, A_z)&lt;/math&gt;

And another called the Four Current, which instead of V has &amp;rho;, the charge density, and instead of '''A''', has '''J''' the current density:

:&lt;math&gt;J^\mu = (c\rho, \mathbf{J}) = (\rho, J_x, J_y, J_z)&lt;/math&gt;

Where in each case c is the speed of light.

Both the Four-Potential and the Four-Current are vectors with four scalar values. What each of these values represents will be made clear at a later point.

== Bringing it Together ==

You may have noticed that the equations for '''A''' with '''J''' and V with &amp;rho; are pretty much the same, and that the Four Potential and Current contains only these. We can combine these into a single equation as such:

:&lt;math&gt; \nabla^2 A^\mu = -\mu_0 J^\mu&lt;/math&gt;

and:

:&lt;math&gt; A^\mu = \frac{\mu_0}{4 \pi} \int \frac{J^\mu}{\tau}d\tau&lt;/math&gt;

== Relativity ==

The rules of relativity state that a current now cannot produce a magnetic field at a distance instantaneously. The effects of the current may travel at the speed of light at the fastest, and the field may not change any faster than that. If you've never looked at [[Special relativity]] before, this may be a good time to do so.

=== The d'Alembertian ===

We obviously need some term which compensates for the fact that nothing travels faster than light. So far our Laplacian operator looks like this:

:&lt;math&gt; \nabla^2 = \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2} + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial z^2}&lt;/math&gt;

But now we need to bring it into '''Minkowski Space''' (A way of describing Relativistic Space). We can notice that the Laplacian cannot be applied to a four vector, and that the Laplacian is not invariant under Lorentz Transformations. To correct this we use the '''d'Alembertian'''. We define the d'Alembertian as such:

:&lt;math&gt; \Box = \nabla^2 - \frac{1}{c^2} \frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2} 
= \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2} + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial z^2}- \frac{1}{c^2} \frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2} &lt;/math&gt; 

The d'Alembertian reduces to the Laplacian (&amp;nabla;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) if we aren't worried about time dependence, or relativity. There are a number of different ways to denote the d'Alembertian, depending on what text you read. Here are a number of different methods that are used in common texts:

:&lt;math&gt; \Box = \Box^2 = \nabla_\mathbf{M} = \partial_i \partial^i = \partial^2 = \nabla^2 - \frac{1}{c^2} \frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2} &lt;/math&gt;

;Note:This wikibook will use the &lt;math&gt;\Box&lt;/math&gt; notation for the d'Alembertian, for simplicity and ease of authoring.

We end up with our equation in terms of the d'Alembertian, as such:

:&lt;math&gt; \Box A^\mu = -\mu_0 J^\mu &lt;/math&gt;

We also have to bring in a time term into the integral form of the equation. It becomes:

:&lt;math&gt; A^\mu = \frac{\mu_0}{4 \pi} \int \frac{J^\mu(r',t')}{|r - r'|} d^3 r'&lt;/math&gt;</text>
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        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
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      <text bytes="74522" sha1="4dyk6569rw5agf5965aeky4je2tog3u" xml:space="preserve">= Image Functions =
=== Edit Image in External Program ===
This runs in linux (probably any unix), and launches The Gimp. It could probably be modified to launch Photoshop in windows.
&lt;br&gt;
In Gnome, KDE and Mac OS X, you can use a command to open documents using the default or a specified application.
* KDE: kfmclient openURL &lt;URL, relative or absolute path&gt;
* Gnome: gnome-open &lt;any URL or path Gnome understands&gt;
* Mac OS X: open [-a &lt;application name&gt;] &lt;path&gt;
Win32 has some open command too, maybe somebody could add this in.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Edit Image in the Gimp'
Blender: 232
Group: 'UV'
Tooltip: 'Edit Image in the Gimp.'
&quot;&quot;&quot;
from Blender import *
import os

def main():
	image = Image.GetCurrent()
	if not image: # Image is None
		print 'ERROR: You must select an active Image.'
		return
	imageFileName = sys.expandpath( image.filename )
	
	
	#appstring = 'xnview &quot;%f&quot;'
	#appstring = 'gqview &quot;%f&quot;'
	appstring = 'gimp-remote &quot;%f&quot;'
	
	# -------------------------------
	
	appstring = appstring.replace('%f', imageFileName)
	os.system(appstring)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Find Images ===
This script recursively searches for images that have broken files references.
&lt;br&gt;
It works by giving the user a root path, then finds and re-links all images within that path.
&lt;br&gt;
Its very useful when migrating projects to different computers.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Find all image files'
Blender: 232
Group: 'UV'
Tooltip: 'Finds all image files from this blend an relinks'
&quot;&quot;&quot;

__author__ = &quot;Campbell Barton AKA Ideasman&quot;
__url__ = [&quot;http://members.iinet.net.au/~cpbarton/ideasman/&quot;, &quot;blender&quot;, &quot;elysiun&quot;]

__bpydoc__ = &quot;&quot;&quot;\
Blah
&quot;&quot;&quot;

from Blender import *
import os

#==============================================#
# Strips the slashes from the back of a string #
#==============================================#
def stripPath(path):
	return path.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1]

# finds the file starting at the root.
def findImage(findRoot, imagePath):
	newImageFile = None
	
	imageFile = imagePath.split('/')[-1].split('\\')[-1]
	
	# ROOT, DIRS, FILES
	pathWalk = os.walk(findRoot)
	pathList = [True]
	
	matchList = [] # Store a list of (match, size), choose the biggest.
	while True:
		try:
			pathList  = pathWalk.next()
		except:
			break
		
		for file in pathList[2]:
			# FOUND A MATCH
			if file.lower() == imageFile.lower():
				name = pathList[0] + sys.sep + file
				try:
					size = os.path.getsize(name)
				except:
					size = 0
					
				if size:
					print '   found:', name 
					matchList.append( (name, size) )
		
	if matchList == []:
		print 'no match for:', imageFile
		return None
	else:
		# Sort by file size
		matchList.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True )
		
		print 'using:', matchList[0][0]
		# First item is the largest
		return matchList[0][0] # 0 - first, 0 - pathname
		

# Makes the pathe relative to the blend file path.
def makeRelative(path):
	blendBasePath = sys.expandpath('//')
	if path.startswith(blendBasePath):
		path = path.replace(blendBasePath, '//')
		path = path.replace('//\\', '//')
	return path

def find_images(findRoot):
	print findRoot
	
	# findRoot = Draw.PupStrInput ('find in: ', '', 100)
	
	if findRoot == '':
		Draw.PupMenu('No Directory Selected')
		return
	
	# Account for //
	findRoot = sys.expandpath(findRoot)
	
	# Strip filename
	while findRoot[-1] != '/' and findRoot[-1] != '\\':
		findRoot = findRoot[:-1]
	
	
	if not findRoot.endswith(sys.sep):
		findRoot += sys.sep
	
	
	if findRoot != '/' and not sys.exists(findRoot[:-1]):
		Draw.PupMenu('Directory Dosent Exist')
	
	
	Window.WaitCursor(1)
	# ============ DIR DONE\
	images = Image.Get()
	len_images = float(len(images))
	for idx, i in enumerate(images):

		progress = idx / len_images
		Window.DrawProgressBar(progress, 'searching for images')
		
		# If files not there?
		if not sys.exists(sys.expandpath(i.filename )):	
			newImageFile = findImage(findRoot, i.filename)
			if newImageFile != None:
				newImageFile = makeRelative(newImageFile)
				print 'newpath:', newImageFile
				i.filename = newImageFile
				i.reload()
	
	Window.RedrawAll()
	Window.DrawProgressBar(1.0, '')
	Window.WaitCursor(0)


if __name__ == '__main__':
	Window.FileSelector(find_images, 'SEARCH ROOT DIR', sys.expandpath('//'))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Remove Double Images ===
This script finds images that are referenced more than once, and looks through all meshes texface's, and assigns only one of the images.
&lt;br&gt;
If a face has no users the image is removed.
&lt;br&gt;
This is useful because when an image is loaded more than once, it's also loaded into system memory and graphics card memory more than once, wasting resources.
&lt;br&gt;
Support for image type textures still needs doing.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY 
&quot;&quot;&quot; 
Name: 'Remove Double Images' 
Blender: 232 
Group: 'UV' 
Tooltip: 'Remove Double Images'
&quot;&quot;&quot;

from Blender import *

def main():
	# Sync both lists 
	fNameList = []# 
	bImageList = [] # Sync with the one abovr.
	
	bImageReplacePointer = dict() # The length of IMage.Get()
	
	imgIdx = 0
	
	# Sort by name lengths so image.001 will be replaced by image
	Images = Image.Get()
	Images.sort(key=lambda x: len(x.name), reverse=True )
	
	for bimg in Images:
		expendedFName = sys.expandpath(bimg.filename)
		bImageReplacePointer[expendedFName] = bimg
	
	print 'Remove Double Images, loading mesh data...',
	uniqueMeshNames = []
	# get all meshs
	doubles = 0
	for ob in Object.Get():
		if ob.getType() == 'Mesh' and ob.getData(1) not in uniqueMeshNames:
			m = ob.getData(mesh=1)
			uniqueMeshNames.append(ob.getData(1))
			
			# We Have a new mesh,
			imageReplaced = 0
			for f in m.faces:
				image = None
				try: image = f.image
				except: pass
				if image:
					replaceImage = bImageReplacePointer[ sys.expandpath(f.image.filename) ]
					if replaceImage.name != image.name:
						f.image = replaceImage
						imageReplaced = 1
			
			if imageReplaced:
				doubles += 1
				m.update()
				print '\tchanged', m.name
			else:
				print '\tunchanged', m.name
			
	print 'Done, %i doubles removed.' % doubles

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Material Functions =

=== Toon Material Batch Conversion Script  ===
this script changes *all* materials in your
currently open blend file to toon materials.
after executing, check the blender console
for script output.

as this script alters *all* of your material
settings in your currently opened blend file,
you should *not* run it on a project that has
not been saved yet!  changes made to materials
while using this script cannot be undone!

note: changes are not permanently committed
to your blend file unless you choose to save
your file after executing this script.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender

from Blender import Material, Scene
from Blender.Scene import Render

print &quot;\nTOON MATERIAL CONVERSION SCRIPT V1.0 STARTED...\n&quot;

# Get list of active materials from Blender
materials = Blender.Material.Get()

# Get render information needed for edge setting
scn = Scene.GetCurrent()
context = scn.getRenderingContext()

print &quot;PROGRESS: CONVERTING ALL MATERIALS TO TOON TYPE...&quot;

# Change materials to Toon Diffuse/Specular
for m in materials:

   # Diffuse Shader (2 = Toon)
   m.setDiffuseShader(2)
   
   # Specular Shader (3 = Toon)
   m.setSpecShader(3)

   # THE FOLLOWING SETTINGS CAN
   # BE CHANGED TO DIFFERENT
   # VALUES WITHIN THE SPECIFIED
   # RANGE OF ACCEPTABLE NUMBERS:

   # Diffuse Size (0 to 3.14)
   m.setDiffuseSize(1.5)

   # Diffuse Smooth (0 to 1.0)
   m.setDiffuseSmooth(.5)

   # Reflect Amount (0 to 1.0)
   # - optionally here to help you
   # with any necessary batch changes
   # to all material reflection values
   # Remove &quot;#&quot; from line below to use:
   # m.setRef(.75)

   # Specular (0 to 2.0)
   m.setSpec(.3)

   # Specular Smooth (0 to 1.0)
   m.setSpecSmooth(.5)

   # Specular Size (0 to 3.14)
   m.setSpecSize(.4)

   # Enable toon edge: 0 = off, 1 = on
   context.enableToonShading(1)

   # Edge Intension (0 to 255)
   context.edgeIntensity(30)

print &quot;PROGRESS: CONVERSION FINISHED!\nTWEAK MATERIALS AND LIGHTING AS NECESSARY.&quot;

Blender.Redraw() 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Curve Functions =
=== Length of a curve===
This function gets the combined length of all edges. Most useful to get the length of a curve.
Be careful, because it will get the length of every curve in a curve object!

Note that this function doesn't take the object's transformation into account when getting the length.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import Mesh, Object
def curve_length(ob): # Can realy be any object
    me= Mesh.New()
    me.getFromObject(cu_ob.name)
    totlength= 0.0
    for ed in me.edges:
        # Blender 2.42 can simply do
        # totlength+= ed.length
        totlength+= (ed.v1.co-ed.v2.co).length
    
    return totlength

# TEST THE FUNCTION
cu_ob= Object.Get('mycurve')
print curve_length(cu_ob)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Text Functions =
=== Paste Text in Unix ===
Paste text in X11, requires uclip [[http://www.typo.co.il/~mooffie/uclip/]]
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Text from Clipboard'
Blender: 234
Group: 'Add'
Tooltip: 'Text from Clipboard X11'
&quot;&quot;&quot; 
from Blender import Text
import os

clip = os.popen('uclip -o')

clipTxt = clip.read()
text = Text.New(clipTxt[0:10])
text.write(clipTxt)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Save all Texts as files ===
Saves all text editor texts as files in the current working directory. WARNING: This will overwrite files with those names!
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender

texts=Blender.Text.Get()

for text in texts:
        out=file(text.name, 'w')
        for line in text.asLines():
                out.write(line+'\n')
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Mesh Functions =
Examples and functions for Blenders NMesh, GMesh and new Mesh module.

=== Mesh tool template ===

Use this to base your editmode mesh tool on.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot; Registration info for Blender menus:
Name: 'Template Mesh Editmode tool...'
Blender: 237
Group: 'Mesh'
Tooltip: 'Change this template text tooltip'
&quot;&quot;&quot;

__author__ = &quot;Your Name&quot;
__url__ = (&quot;blender&quot;, &quot;elysiun&quot;)
__version__ = &quot;1.0&quot;

__bpydoc__ = &quot;&quot;&quot;\
Multilin Script Help
Document your script here.
&quot;&quot;&quot;

from Blender import *

def main():
	scn = Scene.GetCurrent()
	ob = scn.getActiveObject() # Gets the current active object (If Any)
	
	if ob == None or ob.getType() != 'Mesh': # Checks the active objects a mesh
		Draw.PupMenu('ERROR%t|Select a mesh object.')
		return
	
	Window.WaitCursor(1) # So the user knowns the script is busy.
	
	is_editmode = Window.EditMode() # Store edit mode state
	if is_editmode: Window.EditMode(0) # Python must get a mesh in object mode.
	
	me = ob.getData()
	
	#================#
	# EDIT MESH HERE #
	#================#
	for v in me.verts:
		if v.sel: # Operating on selected verts is what the user expects.
			v.co.x = v.co.x * 2
	
	#================#
	# FINISH EDITING #
	#================#
	
	me.update() # Writes the mesh back into Blender.
	
	# Go back into editmode if we started in edit mode.
	if is_editmode: Window.EditMode(1)
	Window.WaitCursor(0)


if __name__ == '__main__': # Dont run the script if its imported by another script.
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Desaturate Meshes VertCol ===
Uses the new Mesh module. In Blender 2.4 only. Desaturates using the same weighting as Photoshop uses.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import Mesh, Object
for ob in Object.GetSelected():
        if ob.getType() == 'Mesh':
                me = ob.getData(mesh=1)
                if me.faceUV:
                        for f in me.faces:
                                for c in f.col:
                                        # Weighted colour conversion, as used by photoshop.
                                        c.r = c.g = c.b = int(((c.r*30) + (c.g*59) + (c.b*11)) / 100.0)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


===Point inside a Mesh===
This function returns 1/0 depending on whether the provided point is inside a mesh. It relies on the mesh having a continuous skin, no holes in it. (Otherwise the problem doesn't make sense.)

It uses the method of seeing how many face intersections there are along a line segment between that point, and a point somewhere outside the meshs bounds.

An even number of intersections means it's outside, an odd for inside. Hence we '''return len(intersections) % 2''' where '''intersections''' generates a list of intersections.

This function uses a Z direction vector so we can save some CPU cycles by first doing an X/Y bounds test to see if the points could intersect, before doing a full ray intersection. 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *

def pointInsideMesh(ob, pt):
	Intersect = Mathutils.Intersect # 2 less dict lookups.
	Vector = Mathutils.Vector
	
	def ptInFaceXYBounds(f, pt):
			
		co= f.v[0].co
		xmax= xmin= co.x
		ymax= ymin= co.y
		
		co= f.v[1].co
		xmax= max(xmax, co.x)
		xmin= min(xmin, co.x)
		ymax= max(ymax, co.y)
		ymin= min(ymin, co.y)
		
		co= f.v[2].co
		xmax= max(xmax, co.x)
		xmin= min(xmin, co.x)
		ymax= max(ymax, co.y)
		ymin= min(ymin, co.y)
		
		if len(f.v)==4: 
			co= f.v[3].co
			xmax= max(xmax, co.x)
			xmin= min(xmin, co.x)
			ymax= max(ymax, co.y)
			ymin= min(ymin, co.y)
		
		# Now we have the bounds, see if the point is in it.
		return xmin &lt;= pt.x &lt;= xmax and \
			ymin &lt;= pt.y &lt;= ymax
	
	def faceIntersect(f):
		isect = Intersect(f.v[0].co, f.v[1].co, f.v[2].co, ray, obSpacePt, 1) # Clipped.
		if not isect and len(f.v) == 4:
			isect = Intersect(f.v[0].co, f.v[2].co, f.v[3].co, ray, obSpacePt, 1) # Clipped.
				
		return bool(isect and isect.z &gt; obSpacePt.z) # This is so the ray only counts if its above the point. 
	
	
	obImvMat = Mathutils.Matrix(ob.matrixWorld)
	obImvMat.invert()
	pt.resize4D()
	obSpacePt = pt* obImvMat
	pt.resize3D()
	obSpacePt.resize3D()
	ray = Vector(0,0,-1)
	me= ob.getData(mesh=1)
	
	# Here we find the number on intersecting faces, return true if an odd number (inside), false (outside) if its true.
	return len([None for f in me.faces if ptInFaceXYBounds(f, obSpacePt) if faceIntersect(f)]) % 2

# Example, see if the cursor is inside the mesh.
if __name__ == '__main__':
	scn= Scene.GetCurrent()
	ob= scn.getActiveObject()
	pt= Mathutils.Vector(Window.GetCursorPos())
	print 'Testing if cursor is inside the mesh',
	inside= pointInsideMesh(ob, pt)
	print inside
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Scanfill for importers ===
This function takes a mesh and a list of vert indicies representing an ngon.
It returns a list of tri indicies that make up the scanfilled face. This is much more useful for importers.

it also handles cases where scanfill does not work by returning a triangle fan.

It may be faster than using the mesh.fill() function on your original mesh because cycling editmode can be slow on a lot of data.
Another advantage with this function over simply using fill() is you can be sure the faces will be flipped the right way, according to the order of the indicies.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *
def ngon(from_mesh, indicies):
	if len(indicies) &lt; 4:
		return [indicies]
	is_editmode= Window.EditMode()
	if is_editmode:
		Window.EditMode(0)
	temp_mesh = Mesh.New()
	temp_mesh.verts.extend( [from_mesh.verts[i].co for i in indicies] )
	temp_mesh.edges.extend( [(temp_mesh.verts[i], temp_mesh.verts[i-1]) for i in xrange(len(temp_mesh.verts))] )
	
	oldmode = Mesh.Mode()
	Mesh.Mode(Mesh.SelectModes['VERTEX'])
	for v in temp_mesh.verts:
		v.sel= 1
	
	# Must link to scene
	scn= Scene.GetCurrent()
	temp_ob= Object.New('Mesh')
	temp_ob.link(temp_mesh)
	scn.link(temp_ob)
	temp_mesh.fill()
	scn.unlink(temp_ob)
	Mesh.Mode(oldmode)
	
	new_indicies= [ [v.index for v in f.v]  for f in temp_mesh.faces ]
	
	if not new_indicies: # JUST DO A FAN, Cant Scanfill
		print 'Warning Cannot scanfill!- Fallback on a triangle fan.'
		new_indicies = [ [indicies[0], indicies[i-1], indicies[i]] for i in xrange(2, len(indicies)) ]
	else:
		# Use real scanfill.
		# See if its flipped the wrong way.
		flip= None
		for fi in new_indicies:
			if flip != None:
				break
			
			for i, vi in enumerate(fi):
				if vi==0 and fi[i-1]==1:
					flip= 0
					break
				elif vi==1 and fi[i-1]==0:
					flip= 1
					break
		if flip:
			for fi in new_indicies:
				fi.reverse()
	
	if is_editmode:
		Window.EditMode(1)
	return new_indicies


# === ===== EG
scn= Scene.GetCurrent()
me = scn.getActiveObject().getData(mesh=1)
ind= [v.index for v in me.verts if v.sel] # Get indicies

indicies = ngon(me, ind) # fill the ngon.

# Extand the faces to show what the scanfill looked like.
print len(indicies)
me.faces.extend([[me.verts[ii] for ii in i] for i in indicies])
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Triangulate NMesh ===
This is a function to be used by other scripts, its useful if you want to make your life simpler by only dealing with triangles.
&lt;br&gt;
The shortest edge method is used for dividing the quad into 2 tri's.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def triangulateNMesh(nm):
	'''
	Converts the meshes faces to tris, modifies the mesh in place.
	'''
	
	#============================================================================#
	# Returns a new face that has the same properties as the origional face      #
	# but with no verts                                                          #
	#============================================================================#
	def copyFace(face):
		newFace = NMesh.Face()
		# Copy some generic properties
		newFace.mode = face.mode
		if face.image != None:
			newFace.image = face.image
		newFace.flag = face.flag
		newFace.mat = face.mat
		newFace.smooth = face.smooth
		return newFace
	
	# 2 List comprehensions are a lot faster then 1 for loop.
	tris = [f for f in nm.faces if len(f) == 3]
	quads = [f for f in nm.faces if len(f) == 4]
	
	
	if quads: # Mesh may have no quads.
		has_uv = quads[0].uv 
		has_vcol = quads[0].col
		for quadFace in quads:
			
			# Triangulate along the shortest edge
			if (quadFace.v[0].co - quadFace.v[2].co).length &lt; (quadFace.v[1].co - quadFace.v[3].co).length:
				# Method 1
				triA = 0,1,2
				triB = 0,2,3
			else:
				# Method 2
				triA = 0,1,3
				triB = 1,2,3
				
			for tri1, tri2, tri3 in (triA, triB):
				newFace = copyFace(quadFace)
				newFace.v = [quadFace.v[tri1], quadFace.v[tri2], quadFace.v[tri3]]
				if has_uv: newFace.uv = [quadFace.uv[tri1], quadFace.uv[tri2], quadFace.uv[tri3]]
				if has_vcol: newFace.col = [quadFace.col[tri1], quadFace.col[tri2], quadFace.col[tri3]]
				
				nm.addEdge(quadFace.v[tri1], quadFace.v[tri3]) # Add an edge where the 2 tris are devided.
				tris.append(newFace)
		
		nm.faces = tris
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Fix vertex winding in &quot;bowtie&quot; quads ===
Sometimes you may encounter quad faces which, although correctly coplanar, aren't quite &quot;full&quot;. This comes from the vertices being in the wrong order, and causes the face to overlap itself, often leaving undesired holes and black areas where the normals point the wrong way. To see what this all means, just make a plane and switch places for the vertices at any edge. The connecting edges will then cross. Since the normals of the face don't make sense in this situation, the script can't guarantee that the normal points outwards after finishing. 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Quadsorter'
Blender: 233
Group: 'Mesh'
Tip: 'Fix winding order for quad faces for all selected meshes'
Author: Yann Vernier (LoneTech)
&quot;&quot;&quot;

from Blender.Mathutils import Vector, CrossVecs, DotVecs

def sortface(f):
  if len(f) != 4:
    return f
  v=[Vector(list(p)) for p in f]
  v2m0=v[2]-v[0]
  # The normal of the plane
  n=CrossVecs(v[1]-v[0], v2m0)
  #k=DotVecs(v[0],n)
  #if DotVecs(v[3],n) != k:
  #  raise ValueError(&quot;Not Coplanar&quot;)
  # Well, the above test would be a good hint to make triangles.
  # Get a vector pointing along the plane perpendicular to v[0]-v[2]
  n2=CrossVecs(n, v2m0)
  # Get the respective distances along that line
  k=[DotVecs(p,n2) for p in v[1:]]
  # Check if the vertices are on the proper side
  if cmp(k[1],k[0]) == cmp(k[1],k[2]):
    #print &quot;Bad&quot;,v
    f.v=[f[0],f[2],f[3],f[1]]

from Blender.Object import GetSelected
for obj in GetSelected():
  if obj.getType() == 'Mesh':
    mesh=obj.data
    for face in mesh.faces:
      sortface(face)
    mesh.update()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Remove Verts Without removing entire faces ===
Script that uses the mesh template above. removes verts but surrounding quads will be converted to tri's.&lt;br&gt;
''Note'' This only works with NMesh.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
        #================#
        # EDIT MESH HERE #
        #================#
        for f in me.faces:
            face_verts = f.v[:] # make a copy of the list.
            for v in face_verts:
                if v.sel:
                    f.v.remove(v)
        
        # Remove all with less then 3 verts,
        # When removing objects from a list its best to loop backwards
        fIdx = len(me.faces)
        while fIdx:
            fIdx -=1
            f = me.faces[fIdx]
            if len(f.v) &lt; 3:
                del me.faces[fIdx]
        
        # Remove all selected verts
        # Loop backwards.
        vIdx = len(me.verts)
        while vIdx:
            vIdx -=1
            v = me.verts[vIdx]
            if v.sel:
                del me.verts[vIdx]
        #================#
        # FINISH EDITING #
        #================#
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== GMesh AutoSmooth Mesh ===
This function uses GMesh to autosmooth manifold meshes, it requires the GMesh module.

Be careful because it will smooth your mesh in place, so make a copy of your original object if you don't want it modified.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *
import GMesh

smooth = Draw.PupIntInput('smooth:', 20,1,89)

for ob in Object.GetSelected():
        mesh = ob.getData()
        gmesh = GMesh.NMesh2GMesh(mesh)

        try:
                gmesh.autoSmooth(smooth)
        except:
                print 'Error non manifold mesh'
                continue # go onto the next item

        mesh = GMesh.GMesh2NMesh(gmesh)

        # Make the faces smooth
        for f in mesh.faces:
                f.smooth = 1

        ob.link(mesh) # Link the new mesh with the original object
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=== ScanFill ===
To simulate typing &quot;Shift F&quot; in blender to create scanfill selected edge loop (edit mode only)

This will only work if the 3D view is open.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender

winid = Blender.Window.GetScreenInfo(Blender.Window.Types.VIEW3D)[0]['id']
Blender.Window.SetKeyQualifiers(Blender.Window.Qual.SHIFT)
Blender.Window.QAdd(winid, Blender.Draw.FKEY,1)
Blender.Window.QHandle(winid)
Blender.Window.SetKeyQualifiers(0)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=== Expanded Scanfill function ===
Self contained scanfill function, based on the code above.
''Note, this function needs a 3D view to be available''
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender

# Take a list of points and return a scanfilled NMesh
def scanFillPoints(pointList):
        Blender.Window.EditMode(0)

        nme = Blender.NMesh.New()
        # 2.37 compatability, not needed in 2.4
        if not nme.edges:
                nme.addEdgesData() 

        for p in pointList:
                v = Blender.NMesh.Vert( p[0], p[1], p[2] )
                nme.verts.append(v)
                v.sel = 1

                if len(nme.verts) &gt;= 2:
                        nme.addEdge(nme.verts[-2], nme.verts[-1])

        nme.addEdge(nme.verts[0], nme.verts[-1])


        scn = Blender.Scene.GetCurrent()

        actOb = scn.getActiveObject()
        if actOb:
                actSel = actOb.sel
        else:
                actSel = 0


        ob = Blender.Object.New('Mesh')
        ob.link(nme)
        scn.link(ob)
        scn.layers = range(1,20)
        ob.sel = 1
        Blender.Window.EditMode(1)

        winid = Blender.Window.GetScreenInfo(Blender.Window.Types.VIEW3D)[0]['id']
        Blender.Window.SetKeyQualifiers(Blender.Window.Qual.SHIFT)
        Blender.Window.QAdd(winid, Blender.Draw.FKEY,1)
        Blender.Window.QHandle(winid)
        Blender.Window.SetKeyQualifiers(0)

        Blender.Window.EditMode(0)
        # scn.unlink(ob)

        # Select the old active object.
        if actOb:
                actOb.sel = actSel

        # Reture the scanfilled faces.
        return ob.getData()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Example function usage.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
scanFillPoints([[-1,-1,0], [1,-1,1], [1,1,0], [0,0,0.2], [0,1,-.1], [0.1,1,-0.3] ])
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Copy NMesh Face ===
Returns a new face that has the same properties as the original face but with no verts
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def faceCopy(face):
  newFace = NMesh.Face()
  # Copy some generic properties
  newFace.mode = face.mode
  if face.image != None:
    newFace.image = face.image
  newFace.flag = face.flag
  newFace.mat = face.mat
  newFace.smooth = face.smooth
  return newFace
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=== Returns the Faces centre as a Vector ===
'''Note, Blenders Mesh API now has face.cent access'''

Take 1 NMFace and return a vector as its centre, will use an existing vector object &quot;cent&quot; if provided.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;				
def faceCent(f, cent=None):
	x = y = z = 0
	for v in f.v:
		x+=v.co[0]
		y+=v.co[1]
		z+=v.co[2]
	if not cent:
		return Mathutils.Vector([x/len(f.v), y/len(f.v), z/len(f.v)])
	
	# Modify the provided vec
	cent.x = x/len(f.v)
	cent.y = y/len(f.v)
	cent.z = z/len(f.v)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Flip Faces Up===
I used this script to flip all faces in many terrain meshes to point up.
It uses Mesh as opposed to NMesh.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *

#==================#
# Apply Tpransform #
#==================# Used for skin
def apply_transform(vec, matrix):
        x, y, z = vec
        xloc, yloc, zloc = matrix[3][0], matrix[3][1], matrix[3][2]
        vec.x = x*matrix[0][0] + y*matrix[1][0] + z*matrix[2][0] + xloc
        vec.y = x*matrix[0][1] + y*matrix[1][1] + z*matrix[2][1] + yloc
        vec.z = x*matrix[0][2] + y*matrix[1][2] + z*matrix[2][2] + zloc

def apply_transform3x3(vec, matrix):
        x, y, z = vec
        vec.x = x*matrix[0][0] + y*matrix[1][0] + z*matrix[2][0]
        vec.y = x*matrix[0][1] + y*matrix[1][1] + z*matrix[2][1]
        vec.z = x*matrix[0][2] + y*matrix[1][2] + z*matrix[2][2]


# Point to z up.
noVec = Mathutils.Vector(0,0,-10000)
cent = Mathutils.Vector(0,0,0)

for ob in Object.GetSelected():
        if ob.getType() != 'Mesh':
                continue
        mat = ob.matrixWorld


        me = ob.getData(mesh=1)
        # We know were mesh

        # Select none
        for f in me.faces: f.sel = 0

        # Flip based on facing.
        for f in me.faces:
                no = f.no
                apply_transform3x3(no, mat)
                
                # Get the faces centre
                cent.x, cent.y, cent.z = 0,0,0
                for v in f.v:
                        cent += v.co
                cent = cent * (1.0 / len(f.v))
                apply_transform(cent, mat)
                
                # Move the vec over the centre of the face.
                noVec.x = cent.x
                noVec.y = cent.y
                
                # Are we not facing up?, if not then select and flip later.
                if ((cent+no)-noVec).length &lt;= (cent-noVec).length:
                        f.sel = 1
        me.flipNormals()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Scale UVs===
Scales all uv coords for selected mesh objects.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *
def main():
        # Scale the UV down.
        # This examples scales down by 1 pixel on a 512x512 image.
        shrink = 1-(1/512.0)

        for ob in Object.GetSelected():
                if ob.getType() == 'Mesh':
                        me = ob.getData(mesh=1)
                        if me.faceUV:
                                for f in me.faces:
                                        f.uv =\
                                        tuple([ Mathutils.Vector(\
                                        ((uv[0]-0.5)*shrink)+0.5,\
                                        ((uv[1]-0.5)*shrink)+0.5,\
                                         ) for uv in f.uv])

if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Find a material in all Meshes in all Scenes ===
Sometimes You have a lot of mesh object and materials you don't want any of them to use.
This script can help you find those objects.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Find Mesh with Material'
Blender: 234
Group: 'Object'
Tooltip: 'Find Mesh with Material'
&quot;&quot;&quot; 

from Blender import *

def main():
	matToFind = Draw.PupStrInput('matName:', '', 21)
	if matToFind == None:
		return
	
	Window.WaitCursor(1)
	for scn in Scene.Get():
		for ob in scn.getChildren():
			if ob.getType() == 'Mesh':
				for mat in ob.getData(mesh=1).materials:
					matname = None
					try:
						matname = mat.name
					except:
						# Material must be None
						continue

					if matname == matToFind:
						# Unselect all in the scene
						for ob_ in scn.getChildren():
							ob_.sel = 0

						# Select the found object
						ob.sel = 1

						scn.makeCurrent()
						Draw.PupMenu('Material &quot;%s&quot; found in object &quot;%s&quot;.' % (matToFind, ob.name))
						Window.WaitCursor(0)
						return

	Window.WaitCursor(0)
	Draw.PupMenu('Material &quot;%s&quot; Not found.' % matToFind)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=== Faces share an edge ===
The 2 faces share an edge, its best to make sure your not comparing the same faces, and remove the first 'if'.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
# Do the 2 faces share an edge?
# return true or false.
def faceShareEdge(face1, face2):
	# Are we using the same verts. could be more comprehensive, since vert order may differ but still be the same.
	if face1.v == face2.v: 
		return False
	firstMatch = None
	for v1 in face1:
		if v1 in face2:
			if firstMatch is None:
				firstMatch = True
			else:
				return True
	return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Get Edge Angles===
Returns a list of angles, the combine angle difference of all faces that use the edges.
the angles returned are in sync with mesh.edges.
Edges with 0 or 1 faces will have Zero angle.

This function uses Blender.Mesh not Blender.NMesh mesh data.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def getEdgeAngles(me):
	Ang= Blender.Mathutils.AngleBetweenVecs
	Vector= Blender.Mathutils.Vector
	
	edges = dict( [ (ed.key,  (i, [])) for i, ed in enumerate(me.edges) ] )
	
	for f in me.faces:
		#print f.index
		for key in f.edge_keys:
			edges[key][1].append(f.no)
	
	edgeAngles=[0.0] * len(me.edges)
	for eIdx, angles in edges.itervalues():
		angles_len= len(angles)
		
		if angles_len &lt; 2:
			pass
		if angles_len==2:
			edgeAngles[eIdx] = Ang(angles[0], angles[1])
		else:
			totAngDiff=0
			for j in reversed(xrange(angles_len)):
				for k in reversed(xrange(j)):
					totAngDiff+= (Ang(angles[j], angles[k])/180) # /180 isnt needed, just to keeop the vert small.
			edgeAngles[eIdx] = totAngDiff
	return edgeAngles
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Mesh Ray Intersect===
Intersect a ray with a mesh, Assume the mesh has no loc/size/rot.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender
from Blender import Window, Mathutils, Object
Vector= Mathutils.Vector
Intersect= Mathutils.Intersect
Matrix= Mathutils.Matrix

def meshRayIntersect(me, Origin, Direction):
	def faceIntersect(f):
		isect = Intersect(f.v[0].co, f.v[1].co, f.v[2].co, Direction, Origin, 1) # Clipped.
		if isect:
			return isect
		elif len(f.v) == 4:
			isect = Intersect(f.v[0].co, f.v[2].co, f.v[3].co, Direction, Origin, 1) # Clipped.
		return isect
	
	
	''' Ray is a tuple of vectors (Origin, Direction) '''
	isect= best_isect= None
	dist_from_orig= 1&lt;&lt;30
	
	for f in me.faces:
		isect= faceIntersect(f)
		if isect:
			l= (isect-Origin).length
			if l &lt; dist_from_orig:
				dist_from_orig= l
				best_isect= isect
	return best_isect, dist_from_orig
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


===Copy Vertex UV to Face UV===
Copies the Vertex UV coordinates (Sticky) to face UV coordinates (TexFace).
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY

#sticky2uv.py

&quot;&quot;&quot; Registration info for Blender menus:
Name: 'Vertex UV to face UV'
Blender: 241
Group: 'Mesh'
Tooltip: 'Copy vertex UV to face UV'
&quot;&quot;&quot;
__author__ = &quot;Brandano&quot;
__url__ = (&quot;blender&quot;, &quot;elysiun&quot;)
__version__ = &quot;1.0&quot;
__bpydoc__ = &quot;&quot;&quot;\
Copies the Vertex UV coordinates (Sticky) to face UV coordinates (TexFace).
Warning: the original face UV's will be overwritten.
&quot;&quot;&quot;
import Blender
from Blender import Mesh

if (Blender.Object.GetSelected() != None):
    for me in [ob.getData(mesh=1) for ob in Blender.Object.GetSelected() if ob.getType() == &quot;Mesh&quot;]:
        if me.vertexUV:
            me.faceUV = 1
            for f in me.faces: f.uv = [v.uvco for v in f.verts]
        me.update()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Math Functions =
Here is the place to add math examples, they can be blender specific or generic python math functions.

===Changing Rotation Axis Order===
If you ever have trouble converting between different rotation systems its possible that the order of rotations is the problem.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender
RotationMatrix= Blender.Mathutils.RotationMatrix

MATRIX_IDENTITY_3x3 = Blender.Mathutils.Matrix([1.0,0.0,0.0],[0.0,1.0,0.0],[0.0,0.0,1.0])
def eulerRotateOrder(x,y,z): 
	x,y,z = x%360,y%360,z%360 # Clamp all values between 0 and 360, values outside this raise an error.
	xmat = RotationMatrix(x,3,'x')
	ymat = RotationMatrix(y,3,'y')
	zmat = RotationMatrix(z,3,'z')
	# Standard BVH multiplication order, apply the rotation in the order Z,X,Y
	# Change the order here
	return (ymat*(xmat * (zmat * MATRIX_IDENTITY_3x3))).toEuler()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Get Angle between 3 points ===
Get the angle between line AB and BC
where b is the elbow.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender
AngleBetweenVecs = Blender.Mathutils.AngleBetweenVecs

def getAng3pt3d(avec, bvec, cvec):
	try:
		ang = AngleBetweenVecs(avec - bvec,  cvec - bvec)
		if ang != ang:
			raise  &quot;ERROR angle between Vecs&quot;
		else:
			return ang
	except:
		print '\tAngleBetweenVecs failed, zero length?'
		return 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Point inside a tri (2D) ===
Returns True if pt is inside the triangle.
&lt;br&gt;
only gives a correct answer when pt lies on the triangles plane.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import Mathutils
SMALL_NUM = 0.000001
def pointInTri2D(pt, tri1, tri2, tri3):
	a = Mathutils.TriangleArea(tri1, tri2, tri3)
	othera = Mathutils.TriangleArea(pt, tri1, tri2) + SMALL_NUM
	if othera &gt; a: return False
	othera += Mathutils.TriangleArea(pt, tri2, tri3)
	if othera &gt; a: return False
	othera += Mathutils.TriangleArea(pt, tri3, tri1)
	if othera &gt; a: return False
	return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Apply Matrix ===
Applys a 4x4 transformation as returned by object.getMatrix(), to a vector (3d point in space)

This is useful for finding out the position of a vertex in worldspace.

Blender 2.43 supports this simply by doing &quot;newvwec = vec*matrix&quot; but its good to know how to do it manually
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#==================#
# Apply Tpransform #
#==================#
def apply_transform(vec, matrix):
	x, y, z = vec
	xloc, yloc, zloc = matrix[3][0], matrix[3][1], matrix[3][2]
	return	x*matrix[0][0] + y*matrix[1][0] + z*matrix[2][0] + xloc,\
			x*matrix[0][1] + y*matrix[1][1] + z*matrix[2][1] + yloc,\
			x*matrix[0][2] + y*matrix[1][2] + z*matrix[2][2] + zloc

def apply_transform3x3(vec, matrix):
	x, y, z = vec
	return x*matrix[0][0] + y*matrix[1][0] + z*matrix[2][0],\
			x*matrix[0][1] + y*matrix[1][1] + z*matrix[2][1],\
			x*matrix[0][2] + y*matrix[1][2] + z*matrix[2][2]

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== 2D Line Intersection ===
Intersect 2 lines, if so where.

If there is no intersection the retured X value will be None and the y will be an error code.

The first line is ''(x1,y1, x2,y2),'' the second ''(_x1,_y1, _x2,_y2)''
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
SMALL_NUM = 0.000001
def lineIntersection2D(x1,y1, x2,y2, _x1,_y1, _x2,_y2):
	
	# Bounding box intersection first.
	if min(x1, x2) &gt; max(_x1, _x2) or \
	max(x1, x2) &lt; min(_x1, _x2) or \
	min(y1, y2) &gt; max(_y1, _y2) or \
	max(y1, y2) &lt; min(_y1, _y2):
		return None, 100 # Basic Bounds intersection TEST returns false.
	
	# are either of the segments points? Check Seg1
	if abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2) &lt;= SMALL_NUM:
		return None, 101
	
	# are either of the segments points? Check Seg2
	if abs(_x1 - _x2) + abs(_y1 - _y2) &lt;= SMALL_NUM:
		return None, 102
	
	# Make sure the HOZ/Vert Line Comes first.
	if abs(_x1 - _x2) &lt; SMALL_NUM or abs(_y1 - _y2) &lt; SMALL_NUM:
		x1, x2, y1, y2, _x1, _x2, _y1, _y2 = _x1, _x2, _y1, _y2, x1, x2, y1, y2
	
	if abs(x2-x1) &lt; SMALL_NUM: # VERTICLE LINE
		if abs(_x2-_x1) &lt; SMALL_NUM: # VERTICLE LINE SEG2
			return None, 111 # 2 verticle lines dont intersect.
		
		elif abs(_y2-_y1) &lt; SMALL_NUM:
			return x1, _y1 # X of vert, Y of hoz. no calculation.		
		
		yi = ((_y1 / abs(_x1 - _x2)) * abs(_x2 - x1)) + ((_y2 / abs(_x1 - _x2)) * abs(_x1 - x1))
		
		if yi &gt; max(y1, y2): # New point above seg1's vert line
			return None, 112
		elif yi &lt; min(y1, y2): # New point below seg1's vert line
			return None, 113
			
		return x1, yi # Intersecting.
	
	
	if abs(y2-y1) &lt; SMALL_NUM: # HOZ LINE
		if abs(_y2-_y1) &lt; SMALL_NUM: # HOZ LINE SEG2
			return None, 121 # 2 hoz lines dont intersect.
		
		# Can skip vert line check for seg 2 since its covered above.	
		xi = ((_x1 / abs(_y1 - _y2)) * abs(_y2 - y1)) + ((_x2 / abs(_y1 - _y2)) * abs(_y1 - y1))
		if xi &gt; max(x1, x2): # New point right of seg1's hoz line
			return None, 112
		elif xi &lt; min(x1, x2): # New point left of seg1's hoz line
			return None, 113
		
		return xi, y1 # Intersecting.
	
	# Accounted for hoz/vert lines. Go on with both anglular.
	b1 = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
	b2 = (_y2-_y1)/(_x2-_x1)
	a1 = y1-b1*x1
	a2 = _y1-b2*_x1
	
	if b1 - b2 == 0.0:
		return None, None	
	
	xi = - (a1-a2)/(b1-b2)
	yi = a1+b1*xi
	if (x1-xi)*(xi-x2) &gt;= 0 and (_x1-xi)*(xi-_x2) &gt;= 0 and (y1-yi)*(yi-y2) &gt;= 0 and (_y1-yi)*(yi-_y2)&gt;=0:
		return xi, yi
	else:
		return None, None
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Round to power of 2 ===
This function takes any number and rounds it to the nearest power of 2 value (2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048, 4096...)
This is useful for rounding textures to sized that load into graphics card memory.

It returns 3 values. rounded down, round closest, rounded up.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def roundPow2(roundVal):
	base2val = 1
	while roundVal &gt;= base2val:
		base2val*=2
	
	# dont round up if there the same, just give the same vars
	if roundVal == base2val/2:
		return base2val/2, base2val/2, base2val/2 # Round down and round up.
	
	
	smallRound = base2val/2
	largeRound = base2val
	
	# closest to the base 2 value
	diffLower = abs(roundVal - smallRound)
	diffHigher = abs(roundVal - largeRound)
	if diffLower &lt; diffHigher:
		mediumRound = smallRound
	else:
		mediumRound = largeRound
	
	smallRound = base2val/2
	largeRound = base2val
	
	return smallRound, mediumRound, largeRound # round down, round mid and round up.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Closest Point (snapping)===
Returns the vector that is closest to point. Good for snapping.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def getSnapVec(point, snap_points):
	'''
	Returns the closest vec to snap_points
	'''
	close_dist= 1&lt;&lt;30
	close_vec= None

	x= point[0]
	y= point[1]
	z= point[2]
	for v in snap_points:
		# quick length cmp before a full length comparison.
		if abs(x-v[0]) &lt; close_dist and\
		abs(y-v[1]) &lt; close_dist and\
		abs(z-v[2]) &lt; close_dist:
			l= (v-point).length
			if l&lt;close_dist:
				close_dist= l
				close_vec= v
	return close_vec
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Blender Object Scripts =

=== Linked Duplicate Object ===
There is no function in B:Python to make a linked duplicate of an object '''(Alt+D)''' so here is a function that does it for you.

'''Note''' Since this was written Blender.Object.Duplicate() has been added as well as object.copy()
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *

# Like pressing Alt+D
def linkedCopy(ob, scn=None): # Just like Alt+D
	if not scn:
		scn = Scene.GetCurrent()
	type = ob.getType()
	newOb = Object.New(type)
	if type != 'Empty':
	  newOb.shareFrom(ob)
	scn.link(newOb)
	newOb.setMatrix(ob.getMatrix())
	# Copy other attributes.
	newOb.setDrawMode(ob.getDrawMode())
	newOb.setDrawType(ob.getDrawType())
	newOb.Layer = ob.Layer
        # Update the view 
        ob.select(0)
        newOb.select(1)
	return newOb

# You can call the function like this
try:
	ob2duplicate = Object.GetSelected()[0]
	linkedCopy(ob2duplicate)
        Redraw() 
except:
	print &quot;Nothing Selected&quot;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Select Double Objects ===
Finds double object- objects that have the same dataname, type and loc/size/rot
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!BPY
&quot;&quot;&quot;
Name: 'Select only double objects.'
Blender: 232
Group: 'Object'
Tooltip: 'Select double objects from the existing selection.'
&quot;&quot;&quot;

from Blender import *

def main():
	# Collect the extra object data once only, so we dont need to request it again.
	obinfo = [{'object':ob, 'dataname':ob.getData(1), 'type':ob.getType(), 'matrix':tuple(ob.matrixWorld)} for ob in Object.GetSelected() ]
	print '\n\n\nStarting to select doubles for %i objects.' % len(obinfo)
	doubleObs = [] # store doubles in this list
	doubles = 0
	
	# Comparison loop, compare items in the list only once.
	obIdx1 = len(obinfo)
	while obIdx1:
		obIdx1 -=1
		ob1 = obinfo[obIdx1]
		
		# Deselect as we go, any doubles will be selected again.		ob1['object'].sel = 0
		ob1['object'].sel = 0
		
		obIdx2 = obIdx1
		
		while obIdx2:
			obIdx2 -=1
			ob2 = obinfo[obIdx2]
			# Comparison loop done.
			
			
			# Now we have both objects we can compare ob2 against ob1.
			if \
			ob1['dataname'] == ob2['dataname'] and\
			ob1['type']     == ob2['type'] and\
			ob1['matrix']   == ob2['matrix']:
				# We have a double, print output and add to the double list.
				doubles +=1
				print '\t%i doubles found: &quot;%s&quot;, &quot;%s&quot;' % (doubles, ob1['object'].name, ob2['object'].name)
				doubleObs.append(ob2)

	for ob in doubleObs:
		ob['object'].sel = 1

if __name__ == '__main__':
	t = sys.time()
	main()
	print 'Done in %.4f seconds.' % (sys.time()-t)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== NLA strips Examples  ===
Example code for manipulating NLA strips and action strips

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;

# Nov 16 2006
#
# Mike Stramba
# mstramba@sympatico.ca
# BlenderArtists  Mike_S
#

import Blender
from Blender import *
from Blender.Armature import NLA


ctr = 1
numStrips = 1

vflags ={32:'LOCK_ACTION',1:'SELECT',2:'STRIDE_PATH',8:'HOLD',16:'ACTIVE'}
	
def tranflag(flag):
	if flag:
		print
		for v in vflags:
			t = flag &amp; v
			if t:
				print '\t\t',v,vflags[t]

def showStrip(strip):
	print ctr,'/',numStrips
	print strip.action.name
	print '\tstripStart',strip.stripStart
	print '\tstripEnd',strip.stripEnd
	print '\tactionStart',strip.actionStart
	print '\tactionEnd',strip.actionEnd
	print '\tblendin',strip.blendIn
	print '\tblendout',strip.blendOut


	print '\tflag',strip.flag,
	tranflag(strip.flag)
	
	print '\tmode',strip.mode
	print '\tbrepeat',strip.repeat
	print '\tstrideAxis',strip.strideAxis
	print '\tstrideBone',strip.strideBone
	print '\tstrideLength',strip.strideLength


armOb=Object.Get('Armature')

actions=Armature.NLA.GetActions()

#
#  Actions named 'rot', 'move', 'Run' assumed to exist, or substitute
#  your own action names
#

rotAct = actions['rot']
movAct = actions['move']
runAct = actions['Run']

#
# get all NLA strips for this object
#

Char1NLAstrips = armOb.actionStrips

#
# set the current frame to where you want NLA strips to initially appear
# in the NLA editor

frame = 1
Blender.Set('curframe',frame)


#
# remove all NLA strips
#


Char1NLAstrips[:] = []


#
#  some different ways of adding action strips to the NLA editor
#

Blender.Object.Get('Armature').actionStrips.append(Blender.Armature.NLA.GetActions()['tester'])

Char1NLAstrips.append(Blender.Armature.NLA.GetActions()['UpDown'])

armOb.actionStrips.append(rotAct)

Char1NLAstrips.append(movAct)

Char1NLAstrips.append(actions['Run'])


#
#  get a strip
#

strip0 = Char1NLAstrips[0]

print '\nstrip0.action.name =&quot;'+strip0.action.name+'&quot;'

#
# show it's properties
#

showStrip(strip0)

#
# change it's stripStart, stripEND (add 50 frames)
#  (effectively moving the strip

strip0.stripEnd   += 50
strip0.stripStart += 50

#
# show the changes  
#

showStrip(strip0)

#
# select the strip in the NLA editor
#

strip0.flag += NLA.Flags['SELECT']
Blender.Window.RedrawAll()

showStrip(strip0)

#
# move all strips by FrameOffset 
#

def moveallStrips(FrameOffset):
	for strip in Char1NLAstrips:
		strip.stripEnd   += FrameOffset
		strip.stripStart += FrameOffset


moveallStrips(30)


#
# show all strips Properties
#

print 
print '============  ALL STRIPS ================'

numStrips = len(Char1NLAstrips)
print numStrips,' NLA strips for ',armOb
for strip in Char1NLAstrips:
	showStrip(strip)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Blender Windowing and User Interface Scripts =
=== Mouse Location 3D Space ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;

import Blender
from Blender import Mathutils, Window, Scene, Draw, Mesh
from Blender.Mathutils import Matrix, Vector, Intersect


# DESCRIPTION:
# screen_x, screen_y the origin point of the pick ray
# it is either the mouse location
# localMatrix is used if you want to have the returned values in an objects localspace.
#    this is usefull when dealing with an objects data such as verts.
# or if useMid is true, the midpoint of the current 3dview
# returns
# Origin - the origin point of the pick ray
# Direction - the direction vector of the pick ray
# in global coordinates
epsilon = 1e-3 # just a small value to account for floating point errors

def getPickRay(screen_x, screen_y, localMatrix=None, useMid = False):
	
	# Constant function variables
	p = getPickRay.p
	d = getPickRay.d
	
	for win3d in Window.GetScreenInfo(Window.Types.VIEW3D): # we search all 3dwins for the one containing the point (screen_x, screen_y) (could be the mousecoords for example) 
		win_min_x, win_min_y, win_max_x, win_max_y = win3d['vertices']
		# calculate a few geometric extents for this window

		win_mid_x  = (win_max_x + win_min_x + 1.0) * 0.5
		win_mid_y  = (win_max_y + win_min_y + 1.0) * 0.5
		win_size_x = (win_max_x - win_min_x + 1.0) * 0.5
		win_size_y = (win_max_y - win_min_y + 1.0) * 0.5

		#useMid is for projecting the coordinates when we subdivide the screen into bins
		if useMid: # == True
			screen_x = win_mid_x
			screen_y = win_mid_y
		
		# if the given screencoords (screen_x, screen_y) are within the 3dwin we fount the right one...
		if (win_max_x &gt; screen_x &gt; win_min_x) and (  win_max_y &gt; screen_y &gt; win_min_y):
			# first we handle all pending events for this window (otherwise the matrices might come out wrong)
			Window.QHandle(win3d['id'])
			
			# now we get a few matrices for our window...
			# sorry - i cannot explain here what they all do
			# - if you're not familiar with all those matrices take a look at an introduction to OpenGL...
			pm	= Window.GetPerspMatrix()   # the prespective matrix
			pmi  = Matrix(pm); pmi.invert() # the inverted perspective matrix
			
			if (1.0 - epsilon &lt; pmi[3][3] &lt; 1.0 + epsilon):
				# pmi[3][3] is 1.0 if the 3dwin is in ortho-projection mode (toggled with numpad 5)
				hms = getPickRay.hms
				ortho_d = getPickRay.ortho_d
				
				# ortho mode: is a bit strange - actually there's no definite location of the camera ...
				# but the camera could be displaced anywhere along the viewing direction.
				
				ortho_d.x, ortho_d.y, ortho_d.z = Window.GetViewVector()
				ortho_d.w = 0
				
				# all rays are parallel in ortho mode - so the direction vector is simply the viewing direction
				#hms.x, hms.y, hms.z, hms.w = (screen_x-win_mid_x) /win_size_x, (screen_y-win_mid_y) / win_size_y, 0.0, 1.0
				hms[:] = (screen_x-win_mid_x) /win_size_x, (screen_y-win_mid_y) / win_size_y, 0.0, 1.0
				
				# these are the homogenious screencoords of the point (screen_x, screen_y) ranging from -1 to +1
				p=(hms*pmi) + (1000*ortho_d)
				p.resize3D()
				d[:] = ortho_d[:3]
				

			# Finally we shift the position infinitely far away in
			# the viewing direction to make sure the camera if outside the scene
			# (this is actually a hack because this function
			# is used in sculpt_mesh to initialize backface culling...)
			else:
				# PERSPECTIVE MODE: here everything is well defined - all rays converge at the camera's location
				vmi  = Matrix(Window.GetViewMatrix()); vmi.invert() # the inverse viewing matrix
				fp = getPickRay.fp
				
				dx = pm[3][3] * (((screen_x-win_min_x)/win_size_x)-1.0) - pm[3][0]
				dy = pm[3][3] * (((screen_y-win_min_y)/win_size_y)-1.0) - pm[3][1]
				
				fp[:] = \
				pmi[0][0]*dx+pmi[1][0]*dy,\
				pmi[0][1]*dx+pmi[1][1]*dy,\
				pmi[0][2]*dx+pmi[1][2]*dy
				
				# fp is a global 3dpoint obtained from &quot;unprojecting&quot; the screenspace-point (screen_x, screen_y)
				#- figuring out how to calculate this took me quite some time.
				# The calculation of dxy and fp are simplified versions of my original code
				#- so it's almost impossible to explain what's going on geometrically... sorry
				p[:] = vmi[3][:3]
				
				# the camera's location in global 3dcoords can be read directly from the inverted viewmatrix
				d[:] = p.x-fp.x, p.y-fp.y, p.z-fp.z
				
			
			# the direction vector is simply the difference vector from the virtual camera's position
			#to the unprojected (screenspace) point fp
			
			# Do we want to return a direction in object's localspace?
			if localMatrix:
				localInvMatrix = Matrix(localMatrix)
				localInvMatrix.invert()
				p = p*localInvMatrix
				d = d*localInvMatrix # normalize_v3
				p.x += localInvMatrix[3][0]
				p.y += localInvMatrix[3][1]
				p.z += localInvMatrix[3][2]
				
			#else: # Worldspace, do nothing
			
			d.normalize()
			return True, p, d # Origin, Direction	
	
	# Mouse is not in any view, return None.
	return False, None, None

# Constant function variables
getPickRay.d = Vector(0,0,0) # Perspective, 3d
getPickRay.p = Vector(0,0,0)
getPickRay.fp = Vector(0,0,0)

getPickRay.hms = Vector(0,0,0,0) # ortho only 4d
getPickRay.ortho_d = Vector(0,0,0,0) # ortho only 4d


# TEST FUNCTION
# MOVES &amp; VERTS ON THE ACTIVE MESH.
def main():
	ob = Scene.GetCurrent().getActiveObject()
	me = ob.getData(mesh=1)
	
	# Loop until the mouse is in the view.
	mouseInView = False
	while not mouseInView: 
		screen_x, screen_y = Window.GetMouseCoords()
		mouseInView, Origin, Direction = getPickRay(screen_x, screen_y)
	
	if Window.GetMouseButtons() == 1 and mouseInView:
		i = 0
		time = Blender.sys.time()
		while Window.GetMouseButtons() == 1:
			i+=1
			screen_x, screen_y = Window.GetMouseCoords()
			mouseInView, Origin, Direction = getPickRay(screen_x, screen_y, ob.matrix)
			if mouseInView:
				
				me.verts[0].co.x = Origin.x
				me.verts[0].co.y = Origin.y
				me.verts[0].co.z = Origin.z
				
				me.verts[1].co.x = Origin.x - (Direction.x*1000)
				me.verts[1].co.y = Origin.y - (Direction.y*1000)
				me.verts[1].co.z = Origin.z - (Direction.z*1000)
				Window.Redraw(Window.Types.VIEW3D)
		print '100 draws in %.6f' % (((Blender.sys.time()-time) / float(i))*100)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Auto Buttons ===
Auto Buttons is a really easy way to add a stack of buttons into any script.
&lt;br&gt;
Add the AutoButtons text to the bottom of any script and any function ending with '''_bgui''' will have a button that calls it.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
# All functions to be displayed as buttons must use this suffix
GUI_SUFFIX= '_bgui'
BUTTON_LIST = [] # A list if dicts
EVENT = 1000
EVENTNUM = 1000

for func in dir():
	if func.endswith(GUI_SUFFIX):
		newButton = {}
		newButton['name'] = func[:-5].replace('_', ' ')[2:]
		newButton['func'] = func + '()'
		newButton['event'] = EVENT
		BUTTON_LIST.append( newButton )
		EVENT+=1
		
def draw_gui():
	# find the width of the widest button
	button_height = 16; button_width = 100; ROW = 0
	for button in BUTTON_LIST:
		Draw.PushButton(button['name'], button['event'], 0, button_height*ROW, button_width, button_height, ''); ROW+=1
def handle_event(evt, val):
	if evt in (Draw.ESCKEY, Draw.QKEY) and not val:
		Draw.Exit()
def handle_button_event(evt):
	if evt &gt;= EVENTNUM and evt &lt; EVENTNUM + len(BUTTON_LIST):
		exec(BUTTON_LIST[evt - EVENTNUM]['func'])
	else:
		print 'invalid', evt
Draw.Register(draw_gui, handle_event, handle_button_event)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


An example of a function that could use this
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def Print_Object_Selection_bgui():
	Blender.Draw.PupMenu('|'.join(ob.name for ob in Blender.Object.GetSelected()))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Popup Menu Wrapper ===
This script takes a string that you would normally give to '''Draw.PupMenu()''' splitting up the menus by the groupsize.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def PupMenuLess(menu, groupSize=30):
	'''
	Works like Draw.PupMenu but will add a more/less buttons if the number of
	items is greater then the groupSize.
	'''
	more = ['   more...']
	less = ['   less...']
	
	menuList= menu.split('|')
	
	# No Less Needed, just call.
	if len(menuList) &lt; groupSize:
		return Draw.PupMenu(menu)
	
	title = menuList[0].split('%t')[0]
	
	# Split the list into groups
	menuGroups = [[]]
	for li in menuList[1:]:
		if len(menuGroups[-1]) &lt; groupSize:
			menuGroups[-1].append(li)
		else:
			menuGroups.append([li])
	
	# Stores the current menu group we are looking at
	groupIdx = 0
	while True:
		# Give us a title with the menu number
		numTitle = [ ' '.join([title, str(groupIdx + 1), 'of', str(len(menuGroups)), '%t'])]
		if groupIdx == 0:
			menuString = '|'.join(numTitle + menuGroups[groupIdx] + more)
		elif groupIdx == len(menuGroups)-1:
			menuString = '|'.join(numTitle + less + menuGroups[groupIdx])
		else: # In the middle somewhere so Show a more and less
			menuString = '|'.join(numTitle + less + menuGroups[groupIdx] + more)
		result = Draw.PupMenu(menuString)
		# User Exit
		if result == -1:
			return -1
		
		if groupIdx == 0: # First menu
			if result-1 &lt; groupSize:
				return result
			else: # must be more
				groupIdx +=1
		elif groupIdx == len(menuGroups): # Last Menu
			if result == 1: # Must be less
				groupIdx -= 1
			else: # Must be a choice
				return result + (groupIdx*groupSize)
			
		else:	
			if result == 1: # Must be less
				groupIdx -= 1
			elif result-2 == groupSize:
				groupIdx +=1
			else:
				return result - 1 + (groupIdx*groupSize)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= General Python =
Here add general python code, useful when Python scripting.

===Benchmark Script===
Script that times different functions.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def loopFor():
	'''For loop test'''
	for i in xrange(1000000):
		a=i
	
def loopWhile():
	'''While loop test'''
	i=0
	while i&lt;1000000:
		a=i
		i+=1

def time_func(bench_func, iter=4):
	''' Run the function 10 times '''
	print '',bench_func.__doc__
	t= Blender.sys.time()
	for i in xrange(iter):
		bench_func()
	tme= (Blender.sys.time()-t) / 10
	print '\tBenchmark %.4f average sec' % tme
	return tme

def main():
	print '\nRunning tests'
	time_func(loopFor)
	time_func(loopWhile)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Iterate Multiple Lists ===
Sometimes you want to loop over more than 1 list at once. if the lists your dealing with are large then creating a new list for the purpose can be slow and use too much memory.
This class takes multiple lists and treats them like 1 big list. without having to make a new list.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
type_list= type([])
type_tuple= type(())
class listIter:
	def __init__(self, lists):
		if type(lists) != type_list:
			self.lists= list(lists)
		else:
			self.lists= lists
		self.idx= self.lidx= 0
	
	def next(self):
		if self.lidx==len(self.lists):
			raise StopIteration
		idx=self.idx
		lidx=self.lidx
		self.idx+=1
		if self.idx==len(self.lists[self.lidx]):
			self.idx= 0
			self.lidx+=1
		
		return self.lists[lidx][idx]
	
	def __iter__(self):
		return self
	def __getitem__(self, index):
		i=0
		for l in self.lists:
			if i+len(l)&gt;index:
				return l[index-i]
			i+=len(l)
		raise IndexError
	def __setitem__(self, index, value):
		i=0
		for l in self.lists:
			if i+len(l)&gt;index:
				l[index-i]= value
				return
			i+=len(l)
		raise IndexError
	
	def __len__(self):
		length=0
		for l in self.lists:
			length+=len(l)
		return length
	
	def index(self, value):
		i=0
		for l in self.lists:
			for li in l:
				if li == value:
					return i
				i+=1
		raise ValueError
	
	def remove(self, value):
		for l in self.lists:
			if value in li:
				l.remove(i)
				return
		raise ValueError
	
	def count(self, value):
		return sum(l.count(value) for l in self.lists)
	
	def extend(self, value):
		for i in value: # See its an iterator
			break
		self.lists.append(value)
		
	def pop(self, index):
		i=0
		for l in self.lists:
			if i+len(l)&gt;index:
				return l.pop(index-i)
			i+=len(l)
		raise IndexError
	def __str__(self):
		return '['+ ''.join(str(l)[1:-1] for l in self.lists) +']'
	
	def sort(self):
		'''Cant to a full sort, just do a par'''
		self.lists.sort()
		for l in self.lists:
			l.sort()
	
	def append(self, value):
		self.lists[-1].append(value)
	
	def reverse(self):
		for l in self.lists:
			l.reverse()
		self.lists.reverse()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Some examples
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
for i in listIter( (range(10), range(22), range(5)) ):
	print i
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Another example that takes verts from 3 meshes and adds them to 1 mesh using this iterator and list comprehension.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import Mesh
newme= Mesh.New()

# Using the iterator
newme.verts.extend( [v.co for v in listIter((me1.verts, me2.verts, me3.verts))] )

# Without the iterator
newme.verts.extend( [v.co for v in me1.verts ] )
newme.verts.extend( [v.co for v in me2.verts ] )
newme.verts.extend( [v.co for v in me3.verts ] )
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Binary Conversion (Without Struct) ===
Thanks to  SJH 07/29/2004 20:26:03
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
nybblechr_to_01_dqs={'-':'-','0':'0000', '1':'0001', '2':'0010', '3':'0011',
                             '4':'0100', '5':'0101', '6':'0110', '7':'0111',
                             '8':'1000', '9':'1001', 'A':'1010', 'B':'1011',
                             'C':'1100', 'D':'1101', 'E':'1110', 'F':'1111'}

# Int to binary
def i2b(j, wd=0):
	return ''.join(nybblechr_to_01_dqs[x] for x in '%02X' % j))[-wd:].zfill(wd)
	
# Char to binary
def c2b(c, wd=0):
	return i2b(ord(c))
	
# String to binary
def s2b(s, wd=0):
	return ''.join(nybblechr_to_01_dqs[x] for x in ''.join('%02X' % ord(c) for c in s))[-wd:].zfill(wd)
	  
# Binary to char
def b2c(b):
	chr(int(b,2))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Randomize List ===
Returns a randomized list.
'''Note''' if you can import random, use random.shuffle(ls) instead.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def randList(ls):
	lsCopy = ls[:]
	randList = []
	lenList = len(lsCopy)
	while lenList != len(randList):
		randIndex = int( Noise.random() * len(lsCopy)  )
		randList.append( lsCopy.pop( randIndex ) )
	return randList
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Remove Doubles in List ===
Removes doubles in a list, modifying the original list. (will use an objects cmp() function)
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def RemDoubles(List):
	lIdx = 0
	while lIdx &lt; len(List):
		if List.count(List[lIdx]) &gt; 1:
			List.pop(lIdx)
			continue
		lIdx+=1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Remove Doubles in List (Hash) ===
Return a new list with no doubles.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def RemDoublesHash(myList):
	return list(set(myList))
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Get flag properties of a sum ===
A lot of properties in Blender are flags and stored in a sum of exponentials of 2. To find out that a specific flag is set and it is included in the sum try this function:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def powList(self, x):
	tmpx = x
	exp = 0
	expList = []
	while tmpx != 0:	
		tmp = 2**exp
		if tmp &gt; tmpx:
			elem = 2**(exp-1)
			expList.append(elem)
			tmpx -= elem	
			exp = 0
		else:
			exp += 1; 
	return expList
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Call the function in that way:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
lmp = Lamp.Get(thisObj.data.getName())
lmpMode = lmp.getMode()
lmpFlags = self.powList(lmpMode)
if 16 in lmpFlags:
	...
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Fraction Data Type ===
Allows creation of fraction data and all operations on them within the real number system.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
class fraction:
	# Types without importing type - Does not retuire a python install.
	type_float = type(0.1)
	type_int = type(1)
	
	def __init__(self, num, den=1):
		if den == 0:
			raise ValueError, 'Division by zero'
		g = self.gcd(num, den)
		self.num = num / g
		self.den = den / g

	def __str__(self):
		return &quot;%d/%d&quot; % (self.num, self.den)

	def __mul__(self, other):
		if type(other) is fraction.type_int:
			other = fraction(other)
		elif type(other) is fraction.type_float:
			return self.eval() * other
		if not isinstance(other, fraction):
			raise ValueError, 'Unsupported operand type for multiply operation ' + str(type(other))
		return fraction(self.num * other.num, self.den * other.den)

	__rmul__ = __mul__

	def __add__(self, other):
		if type(other) is fraction.type_int:
			other = fraction(other)
		elif type(other) is fraction.type_float:
			return self.eval() + other
		if not isinstance(other, fraction):
			raise ValueError, 'Unsupported operand type for addition operation ' + str(type(other))
		num = self.num * other.den + self.den * other.num
		den = self.den * other.den
		return fraction(num, den)

	def __cmp__(self, other):
		if type(other) is fraction.type_int or type(other) is fraction.type_float:
			return self.eval() - other
		if not isinstance(other, fraction):
			raise ValueError, 'Comparative operation no supported for operand ' * type(other)
		return (self.num * other.den - other.num * self.den)

	def __neg__(self):	
		return fraction(self.num * -1, self.den)

	def __invert__(self):
		return fraction(self.den, self.num)

	def __sub__(self, other):
		return self + -other

	def __rsub__(self, other):
		return other + -self

	def __div__(self, other):
		return fraction(self.num, self.den) * fraction(other.den, other.num)
	
	def __rdiv__(self, other):
		return fraction(self.den, self.num) * fraction(other.num, other.den)
	
	def __pow__(self, other):
		if type(other) is fraction.type_int:
			return fraction(self.num ** other, self.den ** other)
		elif type(other) is fraction.type_float:
			a = self.eval()
			if a &gt; 0:
				return a ** other
			else:
				raise ValueError, 'Negative number raised to fractional power'
		if not isinstance(other, fraction):
			raise ValueError, 'Unsupported operand type for exponential operation ' + str(type(other))
		return self.eval() ** other.eval()

	def gcd(self, m, n):
		if m % n:
			return self.gcd(n, m % n)
		return n
		
	
	def eval(self):
		return float(self.num) / self.den

##### Usage: #####

a = fraction(3, 4)
b = fraction(5, 6)
print a * b
print a - 3
print a ** b

#invalid - raising a negative number to a fractional power
print (-a)**b
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Get a name with sane chars===
This function can be used when you are making a filename from an object/mesh/scene... name.
Blender supports many characters in a name that a filesystem may not.

saneFilechars replaces these characters with &quot;_&quot;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def saneFilechars(name):
	for ch in ' /\\~!@#$%^&amp;*()+=[];\':&quot;,./&lt;&gt;?\t\r\n':
		name = name.replace(ch, '_')
	return name
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

= Colour Scripts =
A place for scripts that deal with colours.

=== RGB to HSV ===
Convert Red/Green/Blue to Hue/Saturation/Value

r,g,b values are from 0.0 to 1.0

h = [0,360], s = [0,1], v = [0,1]

if s == 0, then h = -1 (undefined)

''The Hue/Saturation/Value model was created by A. R. Smith in 1978. It is based on such intuitive color characteristics as tint, shade and tone (or family, purety and intensity). The coordinate system is cylindrical, and the colors are defined inside a hexcone. The hue value H runs from 0 to 360º. The saturation S is the degree of strength or purity and is from 0 to 1. Purity is how much white is added to the color, so S=1 makes the purest color (no white). Brightness V also ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 is the black.''

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def RGBtoHSV(R,G,B):
	# min, max, delta;
	min_rgb = min( R, G, B )
	max_rgb = max( R, G, B )
	V = max_rgb

	delta = max_rgb - min_rgb
	if not delta:
		H = 0
		S = 0
		V = R # RGB are all the same.
		return H,S,V
		
	elif max_rgb: # != 0
		S = delta / max_rgb
	else:
		R = G = B = 0 # s = 0, v is undefined
		S = 0
		H = 0 # -1
		return H,S,V

	if R == max_rgb:
		H = ( G - B ) / delta # between yellow &amp; magenta
	elif G == max_rgb:
		H = 2 + ( B - R ) / delta # between cyan &amp; yellow
	else:
		H = 4 + ( R - G ) / delta # between magenta &amp; cyan

	H *= 60 # convert to deg
	if H &lt; 0:
		H += 360
	
	return H,S,V
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=== HSV to RGB ===
Convert Hue/Saturation/Value to Red/Green/Blue
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def HSVtoRGB(H,S,V):
	if not S: # S == 0
		# achromatic (grey)
		# R = G = B = V
		return V,V,V # RGB == VVV
		
	H /= 60;			# sector 0 to 5
	i = int( H ) # round down to int. in C its floor()
	f = H - i			# factorial part of H
	p = V * ( 1 - S )
	q = V * ( 1 - S * f )
	t = V * ( 1 - S * ( 1 - f ) )
	
	if i == 0:
		R,G,B = V,t,p
	elif i == 1:
		R,G,B = q,V,p
	elif i == 2:
		R,G,B = p,V,t
	elif i == 3:
		R,G,B = p,q,V
	elif i == 4:
		R,G,B = t,p,V
	else: # 5
		R,G,B = V,p,q
	return R,G,B
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=Interactive Tools=
===Freehand Polyline Draw Tool===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import *

def main():
        # New Curve and add to Scene.
        scn = Scene.GetCurrent()
        cu = Curve.New()
        # cu.setResolu(1)
        x=y=z=w=t = 1
        cu.appendNurb([x,y,z,w,t])
        cu[0].type = 0 # Poly line
        ob = Object.New('Curve')
        ob.link(cu)
        scn.link(ob)
        ob.sel = 1 # Make active and selected

        # Initialize progress bar for writing
        Window.DrawProgressBar(0.0, '')

        ticker = 0.0 # Used to cycle the progress bar

        # Pause before drawing
        while not Window.GetMouseButtons() &amp; Window.MButs['L']:
                sys.sleep(10)

                Window.DrawProgressBar(ticker, 'Left Mouse to Draw')
                ticker += 0.01
                if ticker &gt; 0.98: ticker = 0

        oldx=oldy = -100000
        # Mouse Clicked, lets draw
        while Window.GetMouseButtons() &amp; Window.MButs['L']:
                x,y = Window.GetMouseCoords()
                print abs(x-oldx)+abs(y-oldy)
                if (oldx == x and oldy == y) or abs(x-oldx)+abs(y-oldy) &lt; 10: # Mouse must have moved 10 before adding the next point
                        pass
                else:
                        z = 0 # 2D Drawing for now
                        w = 100 #Weight is 1
                        cu.appendPoint(0, [x*0.001,y*0.001,z,w]) # Can add tilt here.
                        cu.update()
                        Window.Redraw(Window.Types.VIEW3D)

                        Window.DrawProgressBar(ticker, 'Drawing...')
                        ticker += 0.01
                        if ticker &gt; 0.98: ticker = 0

                        oldx,oldy = x,y # Store the old mouse location to compare with new.

        # Clear the progress bar
        Window.DrawProgressBar(1.0, '')

main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


=Render Functions=
===Render to a dir===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
# recursive dir creation.
def _mkdir(newdir):
	import os, sys
	&quot;&quot;&quot;works the way a good mkdir should :)
			- already exists, silently complete
			- regular file in the way, raise an exception
			- parent directory(ies) does not exist, make them as well
	&quot;&quot;&quot;
	if os.path.isdir(newdir):
		pass
	elif sys.exists(newdir):
		raise OSError(&quot;a file with the same name as the desired &quot; \
						      &quot;dir, '%s', already exists.&quot; % newdir)
	else:
			head, tail = os.path.split(newdir)
			if head and not os.path.isdir(head):
				_mkdir(head)
			#print &quot;_mkdir %s&quot; % repr(newdir)
			if tail:
				os.mkdir(newdir)

from Blender import *
from Blender.Scene import Render
if sys.sep == '\\':
	path=&quot;c:\\tmp\\renderfarm\\render&quot;
else:
	path=&quot;/tmp/renderfarm/render&quot;

# Should probably create the paths if not existing.
_mkdir(path)

scene= Scene.GetCurrent()
context = scene.getRenderingContext()
context.setRenderPath(path)
context.setImageType(Scene.Render.PNG)
context.enableExtensions(1)

context.renderAnim()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


===Render from all cameras===
This script renders an animation from all cameras in a scene, it makes a new name from the camera and leaves the scene as it was originally.

Be sure to use useful camera names.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
from Blender import Object, Scene

sce= Scene.GetCurrent()
context = sce.getRenderingContext()
output_path_orig= context.getRenderPath()

cams= [ob for ob in sce.getChildren() if ob.getType()=='Camera']

# backup the active cam.
orig_cam= sce.getCurrentCamera()

# loop over all the cameras in this scene, set active and render.
for i, c in enumerate(cams):
	print '\tRendering %i of %i cameras.' % (i, len(cams))
	context.setRenderPath('%s_%s_' % (output_path_orig, c.name)) # use a unique name
	sce.setCurrentCamera(c) # set this camera to be active.
	context.renderAnim()
print 'Done per camera render'	

if orig_cam:
	sce.setCurrentCamera(orig_cam) # restore the original cam

# restore the original path.
context.setRenderPath(output_path_orig)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=Scriptlinks=
===Monitor Image===
This Script needs to be used as a redraw scriptlink.
It checks the date of the current image and attempts to reload the image, and if successful it redraws the image.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
import Blender
try:
	Blender.my_image_time
except:
	Blender.my_image_time=0
import os
img= Blender.Image.GetCurrent() # currently displayed picture.
if img: # Image isnt None
	path= Blender.sys.expandpath(img.filename)
	if Blender.sys.exists(path):
		t= os.path.getctime(path)
		if t != Blender.my_image_time:
			img.reload()
			Blender.Window.Redraw(Blender.Window.Types.IMAGE)
		Blender.my_image_time= t # global, persists between running the scripts.
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
===Dynamic Text===
This script needs to be used as a FrameChanged script linked to a Text object.
Change the Years.append line to choice the years of the timeline.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;

import Blender as B 

Years = [] 

# year = [year, initial frame, duration of frames] 
Years.append([1800, 1, 10])
Years.append([1850, 100, 50]) 
Years.append([1994, 170, 100]) 
Years.append([2008, 300, 50])
Years.append([2050, 400, 50]) 
 
def when (frame,  years): 
     
    iniY = 0 
 
    for y in range(len(years)): 
        if frame &gt; years[y][1]: 
            iniY = y 
 
    iniYear       = years[iniY][0] 
    iniFrame      = years[iniY][1] 
    iniFrameDelay = years[iniY][2] 
 
    finYear  = years[iniY+1][0] 
    finFrame = years[(iniY+1)][1] 
 
    frameRange = finFrame - (iniFrame + iniFrameDelay) 
    yearRange = finYear - iniYear 
     
    normFrame = float(frame - iniFrame - iniFrameDelay) 
    normFrame = normFrame/frameRange 
 
    if normFrame &gt; 0: 
        newYear = str(int(iniYear + (yearRange * normFrame))) 
    else: 
        newYear = iniYear 
     
    return str(newYear) 
 
if B.bylink: 
 
    actualFrame = B.Get(&quot;curframe&quot;) 
 
    year = B.link 
    dynYear = year.getData()      
     
    oldYear=dynYear.getText() 
    newYear=when (actualFrame,Years) 
 
    if newYear != oldYear: 
        dynYear.setText(newYear) 
        year.makeDisplayList() 
        B.Window.RedrawAll()

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=External Utils=
===Compress All Blend files (Unix Only)===
Sine blender 2.41, support for GZip compression has been integrated into blender.
So you can gzip all blend files and they will still open as expected.

This utility searches your hard-disk for blend files and gzips them if they are not already compressed.

Note: python3 required.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
#!/usr/bin/python3

root_dir = '/mango/pro'

import os
import os.path


def blend_path_list(path):
    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(path):
        for filename in filenames:
            if filename.endswith(&quot;.blend&quot;):
                yield os.path.join(dirpath, filename)


def isblend_nogz(path):
    try:
        f = open(path, 'rb')
        is_blend = (f.read(7) == b'BLENDER')
        f.close()
        return is_blend
    except:
        return False


def main():
    print('Searching &quot;%s&quot;...' % root_dir)
    files = list(blend_path_list(root_dir))
    files.sort()
    print('done.')
    #print files
    tot_files = len(files)
    tot_compressed = tot_blends = tot_alredy_compressed = 0
    tot_blend_size = 0
    tot_blend_size_saved = 0
    for f in files:
        if len(f) &gt;= 6:  # .blend is 6 chars
            f_lower = f.lower()
            if (f_lower.endswith(&quot;.blend&quot;) or
                f_lower[:-1].endswith(&quot;.blend&quot;) or
                f_lower[:-2].endswith(&quot;.blend&quot;)):  # .blend10 +

                print(f, &quot;...&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
                tot_blends += 1
                # allows for dirs with .blend, will just be false.
                if isblend_nogz(f):
                    print(&quot;compressing ...&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
                    tot_compressed += 1
                    orig_size = os.path.getsize(f)
                    tot_blend_size += orig_size
                    os.system('gzip --best &quot;%s&quot;' % f)
                    os.system('mv &quot;%s.gz&quot; &quot;%s&quot;' % (f, f)) # rename the gz file to the original.
                    new_size = os.path.getsize(f)
                    tot_blend_size_saved += orig_size - new_size
                    print('saved %.2f%%' % (100 - (100 * (float(new_size) / orig_size))))
                else:
                    print('alredy compressed.')
                    tot_alredy_compressed += 1

    print('\nTotal files:', tot_files)
    print('Total Blend:', tot_blends)
    print('Total Blend Compressed:', tot_compressed)
    print('Total Alredy Compressed:', tot_alredy_compressed)
    print('\nTotal Size in Blends: %sMB' % (((tot_blend_size) / 1024) / 1024))
    print('Total Saved in Blends: %sMB' % (((tot_blend_size_saved) / 1024) / 1024))

if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>4dyk6569rw5agf5965aeky4je2tog3u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Blender 3D: Blending Into Python/Optimize</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448808</id>
      <parentid>3225951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:44:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>slower then  &gt;  slower than</comment>
      <origin>4448808</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13454" sha1="rkktgvfzf85b1zho68kp5ebmpfq2q8y" xml:space="preserve">==Writing Optimal Exporters and Importers for Blender:Python==
If you are starting out in writing a script, don't take these guidelines too seriously, its worth getting things working and then sight a need for optimization before you begin to look for areas to optimize your script.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
If you're making a tool for others, keep in mind that they might use it with larger datasets than those you have been testing with. So before releasing it can be good time to try to optimize.

For more generic python performance tips see http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonSpeed/PerformanceTips

==Getting Objects (Exporting/General Blender)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;Blender.Object.Get()&lt;/tt&gt; is often used to get all objects for exporting. This is bad practice since &lt;tt&gt;Object.Get()&lt;/tt&gt; will return objects from every scene in Blender, this is almost never what the user wants and could result in overlapping data, but also could take a long time if the user has 2 or more large scenes consuming a lot of memory.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Instead use &lt;tt&gt;Blender.Scene.GetCurrent().getChildren()&lt;/tt&gt; This returns all objects from the current scene.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Another alternative is to use &lt;tt&gt;Blender.Object.GetSelected()&lt;/tt&gt; which returns selected objects on visible layers in the current scene.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Getting Mesh data (Exporting Only)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Meshes are not just thin wrappers like most of the other Types in
Blender so you want to avoid &lt;tt&gt;meshObject.getData()&lt;/tt&gt; and &lt;tt&gt;meshObject.data&lt;/tt&gt; as much as possible, its best practice only calling each mesh data once.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
To get the name of the data the object references do not use ob.getData().name
simply to get the name of the object.
Instead use &lt;tt&gt;obj.getData(1)&lt;/tt&gt; ... meaning &lt;tt&gt;obj.getData(1=name_only)&lt;/tt&gt;
this is nice because it works for all data types, its just that
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
''Note, recently (as of 15/10/05) the addition of the Mesh module (a thin wrapper around Blenders mesh data) means that you can do a &lt;tt&gt;meshObject.getData(mesh=1)&lt;/tt&gt; without the problem NMesh has, however this is new and doesn't support all the NMesh functions.''
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Use new python functionality mesh.transform() (Exporting Only)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
As of Blender 2.37 &lt;tt&gt;nmesh.transform(ob.matrix)&lt;/tt&gt; can be used to transform an NMesh by a 4x4 transformation matrix.
&lt;br&gt;
On my system it is over 100 times faster than transforming each vert's location and normal by a matrix within python. Though the overall speed gained by using this in my obj exporter was about %5.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
make sure that if you are exporting vertex normals add a 1,&lt;br&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;mesh.transform(matrix, recalc_normals=1)&lt;/tt&gt;
This avoids un-needed vertex normal transforming.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Beware of python hogging memory. (python generally)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
You may ignore this point, for small applications, but I have found that for larger scenes this can become a problem if not allowed for early on.


A List in python (and therefore blender:python) is never deallocated,
however python can re-use the memory whilst the script is running.
Basically making large lists in python and a lot of recursive variable
assignment can leak memory that can only be regained with a restart.
- *If you can- avoid making large lists.

This is Fixed in Python 2.4.1 which will compile with blender.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Lists (Python General)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
===List Lookup===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
In Python there are some tricky list functions that save you having to search through the list.
&lt;br&gt;
Even though you're not looping on the list data '''python is''', so you need to be aware of functions that will slow down your script by searching the whole list.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
myList.count(listItem)
myList.index(listItem)
myList.remove(listItem)
if listItem in myList: ...
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
The above functions performs a full loop on the list, so if you can avoid using them on large lists, your script will run faster.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

===Modifying Lists===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
In python we can add and remove from a list, This is slower when lists are modified in length at the start of the list, since all the data after the index of modification needs to be moved up or down 1 place.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Of course the most simple way to add onto the end of the list is to use &lt;tt&gt;myList.append(listItem)&lt;/tt&gt; or &lt;tt&gt;myList.extend(someList)&lt;/tt&gt; and the fastest way to remove an item is &lt;tt&gt;myList.pop()&lt;/tt&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
To use an index you can use &lt;tt&gt;myList.insert(index, listItem)&lt;/tt&gt; and pop also takes indicies for list removal, but these are slower.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Sometimes its faster (but more memory hungry) to just rebuild the list.
&lt;br&gt;
Say we want to remove all triangle faces in a list.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Rather then
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
fIdx = len(mesh.faces) # Loop backwards
while fIdx: # While the value is not 0
	fIDx -=1

	if len(mesh.faces[fIDx].v) == 3:
		mesh.pop(fIdx) # Remove the tri
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
It is faster to build a new list with list comprehension.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
mesh.faces = [f for f in mesh.faces if len(f.v) != 3]
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

===Adding list items===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
If you have a list that you want to add onto another list, rather then appending in a for loop, use 
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;myList.extend([li1, li2...])&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
instead of...
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
for l in someList:
	myList.append(l)
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
Note that insert can be used when needed, but it is slower than append especially when inserting at the start of a long list.
&lt;br&gt;This example shows a very suboptimal way of making a reversed list.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
for l in someList:
	myList.insert(0,l)
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

===Removing List Items===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Use &lt;tt&gt;myList.pop(i)&lt;/tt&gt; rather then &lt;tt&gt;myList.remove(listItem)&lt;/tt&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
This requires you to have the index of the list Item but is faster since remove needs to search the list.
&lt;br&gt;
Using pop for removing list items favors a while loops instead of a for loop.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Here is an example of how to remove items in 1 loop, removing the last items first, which is faster (as explained above)
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
listIndex = len(myList)
while listIndex:
	listIndex -=1
	if myList[listIndex].someTestProperty == 1:
		myList.pop(listIndex)
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;


A fast way of removing items, where you can mess up the list order, is to swap 2 list items, so the item you remove is always last.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
popIndex = 5

# Swap so the popIndex is last.
myList[-1], myList[popIndex] = myList[popIndex], myList[-1]

# Remove last item (popIndex)
myList.pop()
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
When removing many items in a large list this can provide a good speedup.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

===Avoid Copying Lists===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
When passing a list/dictionary to a function, it is better to have the function modify the list rather then returning a new list.
This means python dosn't need to create a new list in memory.
&lt;br&gt;
Functions that modify a list in their place are more efficient then functions that create new lists.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;normalize(vec)&lt;/tt&gt; faster: no re-assignment
...is faster then.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;vec = normalize(vec)&lt;/tt&gt; slower, only use for functions that are used to make new, unlinked lists.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Also be note that passing a sliced list makes a copy of the list in python memory eg..
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;foobar(mylist[4:-1])&lt;/tt&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
If mylist was a large list of floats, a copy could use a lot of extra memory.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Dictionaries (Python General)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;

==Dict Lookup==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
When you access a dictionary item, '''someDict['foo']''' A lookup is performed, pythons lookups are very fast, but if your are accessing this data in a loop its better to make a variable that can be referenced faster.
&lt;br&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
for key in someDict.keys():
...wip
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;/blockquote&gt;
=Strings=

==Pathnames (Exporting)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Blender pathnames are not compatible with path names from other generic python modules.
&lt;br&gt;
python native functions don't understand blenders '''&lt;tt&gt;//&lt;/tt&gt;''' as being the current file dir in blender and '''&lt;tt&gt;#&lt;/tt&gt;''' to be the current framenumber.
&lt;br&gt;
A common example is where your exporting a scene and want to export the image paths with it.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;tt&gt;Blender.sys.expandpath(img.filename)&lt;/tt&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Will give you the absolute path, so you can pass the path to functions from other python modules.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Correct string parsing (Import/Exporting)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Since many file formats are ASCII, the way you parse/export strings can make a large difference in how fast your program runs.
&lt;br&gt;
When importing strings to make into blender there are a few ways to parse the string.

===Passing String===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Use float(string) rather then eval(string) and if you know the value will be an int then int(string)
float() will work for an int too but its faster if ints are converted as ints.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
===Checking String Start/End===
&lt;blockquote&gt;

If your checking the start of a string for a keyword, use...
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
if line.startswith('vert '):
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
...rather then
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
if line[0:5] == 'vert ':
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Using Startswith is slightly faster (about 5%).
&lt;br&gt;
myString.endswith('foobar') can be used for line endings too.
&lt;br&gt;
Also, if your unsure whether the text is upper or lower case use lower or upper string function.
Eg.
&lt;tt&gt;if line.upper().startswith('VERT ')&lt;/tt&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Writing Strings to a File (Python General)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
Here are 3 ways of joining multiple strings into 1 string for writing
&lt;br&gt;
This really applies to any area of your code that involves a lot of string joining.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Pythons string addition.
Dont use if you can help it, especially in the main data writing loop.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
file.write(str1 + ' ' + str2 + ' ' + str3 + '\n')
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
String formatting. Use this when you're writing string data from floats and int's
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
file.write('%s %s %s\n' % (str1, str2, str3))
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Pythons string joining function. To join a list of strings
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
file.write(' '.join([str1, str2, str3, '\n']))
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
join is fastest on many strings, string formatting is quite fast too (better for converting data types).
And string arithmetic is slowest.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=Other=
==Profile your code (Python General)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;

Simply timing sections of your code will point you to the part that needs optimizing.
Eg
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
time1 = Blender.sys.time()

for i in range(10):
	x = i*2

print Blender.sys.time() - time1
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Psyco JIT Compiler (Python General)==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
A python module called psyco exists that can dynamically compile some of python functions.
Most of the speed gains affect algorithms written in python, so importers and exporters have less to gain from them then scripts that deal with 3d math.

For many scripts, a no brainier way of using psyco is to do a.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
import psyco
psyco.full()
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
Psyco can also profile your code.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
import psyco
psyco.profile()
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
For scripts to be distributed it is polite to try loading psyco to avoid raising an error.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
try:
	import psyco
	psyco.full()
except:
	print 'For optimal performance on an x86 CPU, install psyco'
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
Note that psyco reports to use a lot of system memory, if you run out of ram it may be best not to use psyco.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Use Try/Except Sparingly==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
The try function is useful to save time writing code to check a condition,
&lt;br&gt;
However 'try' is about 10 times slower than 'if', so don't use 'try' in areas of your code that execute in a loop that runs many times (1000's or more).
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
There are cases where using 'try' is faster than checking whether the condition will raise an error, so it is worth experimenting.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Python Objects==
&lt;blockquote&gt;
===Use &quot;is&quot; instead of &quot;==&quot; ===
&lt;blockquote&gt;
In some cases &quot;is&quot; can be used instead of &quot;==&quot; for comparison, &quot;is not&quot; for &quot;!=&quot;.
&lt;br&gt;
&quot;==&quot; Checks whether the 2 variables are the same value, where as &quot;is&quot; tests that the python object is the same, shares the same memory - are both an instance of the same object. (Python Object, not Blender a Object)
&lt;br&gt;
The advantage of using &quot;is&quot; is that its faster since it dosent need to compare as much data.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Here is a benchmark test that compares a python class and a blender vector- one the same and one different.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
from Blender import *

print '\n\nStarting benchmark.'

# Test class
class a:
        pass

class1 = a()
class2 = a()
vec1 = Mathutils.Vector(1,2,3)
vec2 = Mathutils.Vector(1,2,4)

f = 400000

t = sys.time()
for i in range(f):
        class1 is class1
        class1 is class2
        vec1 is vec1
        vec1 is vec2
print ' Is Banchmark %.6f' % (sys.time() - t)


t = sys.time()
for i in range(f):
        class1 == class1
        class1 == class2
        vec1 == vec1
        vec1 == vec2

print ' == Benchmark %.6f' % (sys.time() - t)
print 'Done\n'
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
My Computer showed the following results. I should do more tests- but this is representative of other tests.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
Starting benchmark.
 Is Banchmark 0.284363
 == Benchmark 3.367173
Done
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The same test with vec1, vec2, class1, class2 as ints and floats.
&lt;br&gt;
&quot;is&quot; still faster.
&lt;pre&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;
Starting benchmark.
 Is Banchmark 0.272853
 == Benchmark 0.322123
Done
&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>rkktgvfzf85b1zho68kp5ebmpfq2q8y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Music Theory/Hip Hop</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45345</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448969</id>
      <parentid>4219348</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:13:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Catagorizing &gt; Categorizing</comment>
      <origin>4448969</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6423" sha1="n3zflq8z4rtsuqwyosom7t2iypqknqg" xml:space="preserve">== Early Origins Of Hip Hop ==

The roots of hip hop are in West African and African-American music. The griots of West Africa are a group of traveling singers and poets, whose musical style is reminiscent of hip hop. True hip hop arose during the 1970s when block parties became common in New York City, especially the Bronx. Block parties were usually accompanied by music, especially funk and soul music. The early DJs at block parties began isolating the percussion breaks to hit songs, realizing that these were the most dance-able and entertaining parts; this technique was then common in Jamaica (see dub music) and had spread via the substantial Jamaican immigrant community in New York City, especially the godfather of hip hop, DJ Kool Herc. Dub had arose in Jamaica due to the influence of American sailors and radio stations playing R&amp;B. 

 
Large sound systems were set up to accommodate poor Jamaicans, who couldn't afford to buy records, and dub developed at the sound systems (refers to both the system and the parties that evolved around them). Herc was one of the most popular DJs in early 70s New York, and he quickly switched from using reggae records to funk, rock and, later, disco, since the New York audience did not particularly like reggae. Because the percussive breaks were generally short, Herc and other DJs began extending them using an audio mixer and two records. Mixing and scratching techniques eventually developed along with the breaks. As in dub, performers began speaking while the music played; these were originally called MCs; Herc focused primarily on DJing, and began working with two MCs, Coke La Rock and Clark Kent -- this was the first emcee crew, Kool Herc &amp; the Herculoids.

== Identifying Rap Music ==

Rap music can be identified as the music through which one can express one's own views with absolute freedom and demonstrate his/her identity within the hip-hop world by speaking over the rhythm of beats. This can be done with only full concentration of one's views related to his/her life, destiny, integrity, problems, love, sexual life, etc. 


===What Is Rap?===
 
Hip hop and Rap are often used as a general name for the whole genre. However, whilst they are inextricably linked, it is important to distinguish between the two and acknowledge the differences.  
          
Historically, rap music comes from hip-hop culture. The roots of rap music trace back to the Jamaican ska era of the mid-60s. MCs rapping over party music made its way to New York a decade later, thanks to DJ Kool Herc, a man many crown the &quot;Father of Hip Hop.&quot; Kool Herc migrated from Jamaica to New York in 1967 and helped give birth to the hip-hop culture that would continue to thrive and spread.

The Hip Hop Network notes that while the Sugar Hill Gang's 1979 &quot;Rapper's Delight&quot; was the first breakthrough rap hit, it emerged from a &quot;an inner-city phenomenon centering on DJs and including equal proportions of break dancing, MCing, and graffiti art.&quot; 

More recently, &quot;rap&quot; has been used to describe the aggressive, mass-market produced music of Nas, Eminem or commercial artists alike. But, as one online encyclopedia points out, &quot;Not all music that has rapping in it, however, is actually rap music, and not all hip-hop music has rapping in it.&quot; Artists like Jurassic 5 and De La Soul typify hip-hop music, which is generally more multi-instrumented and less in-your-face. 

Rap and hip-hop music is now a huge industry and it has the diversity of a huge industry. Now respected as an established form of music, many see it as one of the most versatile and original. From Producers/DJs/MCs such as Madlib who brings elements of jazz, blues and other musical styles to influence his work, to Dr. Dre who produces such commercial names as Eminem and 50 Cent, representing the more 'Rap' commercial style.

== Categorizing Hip Hop/Rap ==

===Types Of Rap Music===
*Old Skool or old school
*Gangster rap
*Mainstream
*Underground
*Alternative
*Freestyle
*Conscious
*Crunk
*Grime
*Political rap
*Rap trap 
*

===Regional Categories===

'''West Coast Hip Hop'''

West Coast hip hop, also known as California hip hop or West Coast rap, is a style of hip hop music that originated in California in the 1980s. It has since grown into a subgenre of hip hop and has developed several creative centers, most of which are in California.

These centers are: The greater Los Angeles area, Long Beach, the greater San Francisco area (also known as the &quot;Bay&quot; Area ), Oakland/Berkeley, Vallejo, Sacramento/Davis, and Seattle.

Artists Include:
N.W.A., 
Dr. Dre, 
Snoop Dogg, 
2Pac, 
Souls of Mischief, 
Hieroglyphics, 
Andre Nickitina, 
Mac Dre, 
Blu, 
Kendrick Lamar, 
Too Short, 
E-40, 
Dj Quik, 
Warren G, 
Vince Staples

'''East Coast hip hop'''

East Coast hip hop (sometimes also referred to as New York hip hop) is a style of hip hop music that originated in New York City during the late-1970s. East Coast hip hop emerged as a definitive subgenre after artists from other regions of the United States, chiefly the West Coast and the South, emerged with different styles of hip hop. It has since grown into a major sub-genre of hip hop, and has played an instrumental role in hip hop history. East Coast hip hop has developed several creative epicenters and local scenes within the Northeastern United States, most of which are primarily located within African-American and Hispanic urban centers.

Artists Include:
Notorious B.I.G., 
A Tribe Called Quest, 
Rakim, 
Wu-Tang Clan, 
Nas, 
Mobb Deep, 
Royal Flush, 
Roc Marciano,  
EPMD, 
KRS-One, 
Big L, 
Big Pun


'''Southern hip hop'''

Hip hop in the South (sometimes referred to as the dirty South) is a style of hip hop music that has multiple origins in Houston, Miami, Atlanta and Memphis.  Hip hop in the South emerged during the late 1980's and early 1990's.  This regional hip hop has developed into multiple musical sounds like crunk, bounce, snap, chopped &amp; screwed and booty-bass.  Even though initially thought of as unsophisticated and simple, recent success in this region has seen a domination in 2005 of the weekly Top 10 songs in the country and an 2005 '''Academy award''' for Three 6 Mafia [http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp?curTime=1149254697866], a Tennessee-based rap group.

Artists Include:
Scarface,  
Outkast, 
Ludacris, 
Young Thug, 
Yung Dro, 
Lil Jon, 
Waka Flocka Flame


{{BookCat}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Embedded Systems/Intel Microprocessors</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46951</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448974</id>
      <parentid>3391698</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:41:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>th &gt; the</comment>
      <origin>4448974</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2760" sha1="2mqj3f33rjlb14n42hqejfn9c04lyup" xml:space="preserve">{{Embedded Systems/Page}}

When talking about Intel microprocessors, the first words that come to mind might be &quot;Pentium&quot; or &quot;Celeron&quot;, or any of the other high-performance, expensive PC chips that are on the market today. However, Intel maintains a very impressive list of legacy parts that can be adapted for embedded systems. The beauty of using these microprocessors is that they are frequently very cheap, and they will all use the standard x86 assembly language, so that developers can program, assemble, and test from the comfort of a PC.

== 8086 and 80186 ==

8086 and 80186 processors are available in heavily integrated packages. They are usually available in DIP form, and are relatively cheap (10$ or 15$ range). These processors might not be as good as an 8051 in an embedded environment, but the ease of programming, and the familiarity that many programmers will feel for these chips can more than make up for the cost. 8086 is 16 bit microprocessor.

== i386 Embedded Processors ==

The i386 microprocessor is a modified form of the Intel 80386 microprocessor with a few notable differences: an integrated FPU (originally wasn't standard until the 80486), and a variety of different, small form-factors. One of the major benefits of an i386 microprocessor is that it can be programmed easily using most standard C compilers and x86 assembly language. In fact, many times no additional settings need to be changed in the compiler, except maybe to not link to the standard libraries on the host system.

i386 processors are 32 bit processors, and are frequently very economical choices when a 32bit processor is required. Also, i386 processors frequently have very low power consumption, and generate very little heat. Remember, Intel has been working on this architecture and the general design of this chip continuously for many years now.

== X-Scale Embedded Processors ==

The X-Scale processor is an [[Embedded Systems/ARM Microprocessors|ARM]] based device, designed for embedded systems requiring high performance with low power consumption, such as PDA's.

== Other Chips ==

Intel does sell embedded varieties of all its chips, from the 486 up to the Pentium 4. Keep in mind, however, that these chips have all the power of their PC cousins, but in a smaller package. Therefore, it can be expected that they will all be ''considerably more expensive'' then the desktop chips. Also, with some of the higher performance chips (Pentium and up), since the size has been aggressively reduced, and because they have been highly integrated for embedded environments, heat can become an issue (meaning you will need to invest in fans and heat sinks as well).

== Further reading ==
* [[Embedded Systems/ARM Microprocessors]]
* [[x86 Assembly]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448975</id>
      <parentid>4448974</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:41:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448975</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2760" sha1="186va9svk1wnd9b1zk8u6xjgok5168s" xml:space="preserve">{{Embedded Systems/Page}}

When talking about Intel microprocessors, the first words that come to mind might be &quot;Pentium&quot; or &quot;Celeron&quot;, or any of the other high-performance, expensive PC chips that are on the market today. However, Intel maintains a very impressive list of legacy parts that can be adapted for embedded systems. The beauty of using these microprocessors is that they are frequently very cheap, and they will all use the standard x86 assembly language, so that developers can program, assemble, and test from the comfort of a PC.

== 8086 and 80186 ==

8086 and 80186 processors are available in heavily integrated packages. They are usually available in DIP form, and are relatively cheap (10$ or 15$ range). These processors might not be as good as an 8051 in an embedded environment, but the ease of programming, and the familiarity that many programmers will feel for these chips can more than make up for the cost. 8086 is 16 bit microprocessor.

== i386 Embedded Processors ==

The i386 microprocessor is a modified form of the Intel 80386 microprocessor with a few notable differences: an integrated FPU (originally wasn't standard until the 80486), and a variety of different, small form-factors. One of the major benefits of an i386 microprocessor is that it can be programmed easily using most standard C compilers and x86 assembly language. In fact, many times no additional settings need to be changed in the compiler, except maybe to not link to the standard libraries on the host system.

i386 processors are 32 bit processors, and are frequently very economical choices when a 32bit processor is required. Also, i386 processors frequently have very low power consumption, and generate very little heat. Remember, Intel has been working on this architecture and the general design of this chip continuously for many years now.

== X-Scale Embedded Processors ==

The X-Scale processor is an [[Embedded Systems/ARM Microprocessors|ARM]] based device, designed for embedded systems requiring high performance with low power consumption, such as PDA's.

== Other Chips ==

Intel does sell embedded varieties of all its chips, from the 486 up to the Pentium 4. Keep in mind, however, that these chips have all the power of their PC cousins, but in a smaller package. Therefore, it can be expected that they will all be ''considerably more expensive'' than the desktop chips. Also, with some of the higher performance chips (Pentium and up), since the size has been aggressively reduced, and because they have been highly integrated for embedded environments, heat can become an issue (meaning you will need to invest in fans and heat sinks as well).

== Further reading ==
* [[Embedded Systems/ARM Microprocessors]]
* [[x86 Assembly]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Digital Circuits/Common Integrated Circuits</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448976</id>
      <parentid>4445558</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:42:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448976</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1394" sha1="patky1tekm0rhp483u9i1jvceabb6vh" xml:space="preserve">{{Digital Circuits Page}}

This page will talk about some common integrated circuits, including where to buy components, form-factors, etc...

== Form Factors ==

=== DIP, PDIP, SPDIP ===

[[Image:AMD C8080A.jpg|thumb|right|This AMD chip is a CERDIP]]

DIP stands for &quot;Dual Inline Package&quot;, and is what common Integrated Circuits come as. The &quot;P&quot; Prefix means the chip will be plastic, the &quot;S&quot; prefix means it will be thinner than a normal DIP, or it will have pins that are closer together. Occasionally packages will be found called &quot;CERDIP&quot;, where the &quot;CER&quot; prefix means that the package is made of ceramic, and is therefore more resistant to heat. CERDIPs are more expensive than PDIPs, but are less susceptible to heat and static charge.

=== SSOP ===

SSOP stands for '''Small Shrink Outline Package'''.

=== SOIC ===

SOIC stands for '''Small Outline Integrated Circuit'''.

== Suppliers ==

=== Distributors ===

Mouser Electronics,
Digikey,
Futurlec,
Jameco,
SparkFun

=== Manufacturers ===

Out of many, many, different manufacturers around the world, some of the most common are:

*Texas Instruments (home to the first integrated circuit)
*Fairchild Semiconductor
*Maxim Semiconductor
*Xilinx
*ON Semi
*Mitsubishi
*Analog Devices
*STMicroelectronics

=== Further reading ===

* [[Practical Electronics/74Label]]
* [http://opencircuits.com/Popular_Parts OpenCircuits: &quot;Popular parts&quot;]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. d4/2...exd4/3. c3</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50909</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448915</id>
      <parentid>4428579</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T22:51:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>123957a</username>
        <id>582828</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Theory table */</comment>
      <origin>4448915</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2836" sha1="b6l3qumg5zfvbc3a0t6h2kejq4z9n8r" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position|=
|Danish Gambit|
   |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
   |pd|pd|pd|pd|  |pd|pd|pd|=
   |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
   |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
   |  |  |  |pd|pl|  |  |  |=
   |  |  |pl|  |  |  |  |  |=
   |pl|pl|  |  |  |pl|pl|pl|=
   |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl|=
||
}}
=Danish Gambit=
White chooses to play an aggressive game. By giving a two-pawn material advantage to his opponent, Black spends two moves to capture both of the pawns, and has to deal with a massive attack. Black has few choices here:

*The most common move for Black to play here is to take the pawn, [[/3...dxc3/]].
*However, another common alternative is to safely decline the gambit and play [[/3...d5/]] or [[/3...d6/]].
*It's also possible to safely decline the gambit with [[/3...Nf6/]] (intending to transpose to the Ponziani after 4. e5 Nd5 5. cxd4 d6 6. Nf3 Nc6) or [[/3...Nc6/]] (leading to an independent line after 4. cxd4 d5 5. e5 f6! or the Göring Gambit of the Scotch Game after 4. Nf3, which can still be declined with 4... d5 or 4... Nf6)
*Another way to &quot;accept&quot; the gambit is 3...Qe7, which has recently been suggested by computers.

==Theory table==
'''1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3''' 
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th&gt;&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;6&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;7&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;8&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;9&lt;/th&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Danish Gambit Accepted&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;c3&lt;br&gt;[[/3...dxc3|dxc3]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Bc4&lt;br&gt;cxb2&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Bxb2&lt;br&gt;Nf6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;e5
d5
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;exf6
Bb4+
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Bc3
Bxc3+
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nxc3
dxc4
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;∞&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;'''Sörensen Defence'''&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...d5|d5]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;exd5&lt;br&gt;Qxd5&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;cxd4&lt;br&gt;Nc6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nf3
Bb4+
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nc3
Bg4
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Be2
Bxf3
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Bxf3
Qc4
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;'''Ponziani'''&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...Nf6|Nf6]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;e5&lt;br&gt;Nd5&lt;/td&gt;
                &lt;td&gt;cxd4&lt;br&gt;d6&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nf3
Nc6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Bb5
Be7
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nc3
Nxc3
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;bxc3
a6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Alternate Declination&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...d6|d6]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;cxd4&lt;br&gt;d5&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;e5&lt;br&gt;c5&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nf3
Nc6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Bb5
cxd4
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nxd4
Bb4+
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nc3
Ne7
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Advance Variation&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...d3|d3]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Bxd3&lt;br&gt;Nc6&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Nf3&lt;br&gt;Bc5&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;b4
Bb6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a4
a6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;O-O
d6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nbd2
Nf6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;+=&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Qe7 Variation&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...Qe7|Qe7]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;cxd4&lt;br&gt;Qxe4+&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Be3
Bb4+

&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nc3
Nf6
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Nf3
Ng4
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Qd2
Nxe3
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;fxe3
Qe7
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;∞&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
{{ChessMid}}
{{wikipedia|Danish Gambit}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Simple Chocolate Cheese Pie</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>53197</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448954</id>
      <parentid>4437422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:47:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448954</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1696" sha1="sdzmhq3btlrra5yln3zuinharfx0gqh" xml:space="preserve">{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Dessert|Dessert]]

{{recipesummary|category=Dessert recipes|servings=8–10|time=Prep: 5–10 minutes|difficulty=1
}}

'''Chocolate cheese pie''' is a quick and tasty [[Cookbook:Dessert|dessert]] that's easy to make using simple ingredients.

==Ingredients==
*8 [[Cookbook:Ounce|ounces]] (225 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]]) [[Cookbook:Cream Cheese|cream cheese]]
*¼ [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] (60 [[Cookbook:Milliliter|ml]]) unsweetened [[Cookbook:Cocoa|cocoa]] powder
*¼ [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] (60 g) [[Cookbook:Powdered sugar|powdered sugar]]
*8 [[Cookbook:Ounce|ounces]] (225 g) nondairy [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]]
*1 ready-made [[Cookbook:Graham Cracker|graham cracker]] [[Cookbook:Crumb Crust|crumb crust]]

==Procedure==
#Melt the cream cheese, and cool slightly. Transfer to a [[Cookbook:Mixing Bowl|mixing bowl]].
#Mix in the cocoa powder and powdered sugar.
#[[Cookbook:Folding|Fold]] in the whipped topping.
#Pour mixture into the into ready-made crust
#Cover and place in a refrigerator/freezer. Remove when solid.
#Serve.

==Notes, tips, and variations==
*Fresh fruit, such as [[Cookbook:Blueberry|blueberries]] and [[Cookbook:Cherry|cherries]], make a nice addition.
*Melted [[Cookbook:Caramel|caramel]] makes a nice touch when drizzled on top.
*Use fudge or melted [[Cookbook:Chocolate|chocolate]] bars in place of the cocoa.

[[Category:Cocoa powder recipes]]
[[Category:Pie and tart recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Cream cheese recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Powdered sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Crumb crust recipes]]
[[Category:Graham cracker recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Windows Programming/Input-Output</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>61571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448806</id>
      <parentid>3720773</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:44:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>slower then  &gt;  slower than</comment>
      <origin>4448806</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14602" sha1="atgj587relgd9bjmaht8wlamla0n8lw" xml:space="preserve">Many of the previous chapters have attempted to shed some light on the Windows graphical interface, but this chapter is going to start a detour into the inner-workings of the Windows operating system foundations. In this chapter, we are going to talk about Input and Output routines. This includes (but is not limited to) File I/O, Console I/O, and even device I/O.

== File API ==

Files, like everything else in a windows platform, are managed by handles. When you want to read a file or write to one, you must first open a handle to that file. Once the handle is open, you may use the handle in read/write operations. In fact, this is the same with all I/O, including console I/O and device I/O: you must open a handle for reading/writing, and you must use the handle to perform your operations. 

=== CreateFile ===

We will start with a function that we will see frequently in this chapter: '''CreateFile'''. CreateFile is the generic function used to open I/O handles in your system. Even though the name doesn't indicated it, CreateFile is used to open Console Handles and Device Handles as well. As the MSDN documentation says:

 The CreateFile function creates or opens a file, file stream, directory, 
 physical disk, volume, console buffer, tape drive, communications resource, 
 mailslot, or named pipe. The function returns a handle that can be used to 
 access an object.

Now, this is a powerful function, and with the power comes a certain amount of difficulty in using the function. Needless to say, CreateFile is a little more involved than the standard C STDLIB '''fopen'''.

 HANDLE CreateFile(
  LPCTSTR lpFileName,
  DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
  DWORD dwShareMode,
  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes,
  DWORD dwCreationDisposition,
  DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,
  HANDLE hTemplateFile);

As can be guessed, the &quot;lpFileName&quot; parameter is the name of the file to be opened. &quot;dwDesiredAccess&quot; specifies the desired access permissions for the file handle. In the most basic sense, for a file, this parameter can specify a read operation, a write operation, or an execute operation. However, don't be fooled, there are many many different options that can be used here, for different applications. The most common operations are GENERIC_READ, GENERIC_WRITE, and GENERIC_EXECUTE. These can be bitwise-OR'd to have read+write access, if needed.

File handles can be optionally shared or locked. A shared file can be simultaneously opened and accessed by other processes. If a file is not shared, then other programs attempting to access the file will fail. The &quot;dwShareMode&quot; specifies whether or not the file can be accessed by other applications. Setting dwShareMode to zero means that the file access cannot be shared, and other applications attempting to access the file, while the file handle is open, will fail. Other common values are FILE_SHARE_READ and FILE_SHARE_WRITE which allow other programs to open read handles and write handles, respectfully. 

The lpSecurityAttributes is a pointer to a SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES structure. This structure can help to secure the file against unwanted accesses. We will discuss security attributes in a later chapter. For now, you can always set this field to NULL.

The dwCreationDisposition member would be better named &quot;dwCreateMode&quot; or something similar. This bit flag allows you to determine how the file is to be opened, according to different flag values:

;CREATE_ALWAYS:Always creates a new file. If the file exists already, it will be deleted, and overwritten. If the file does not exist, it is created.
;CREATE_NEW:If the file exists, the function fails. Otherwise, creates a new file.
;OPEN_ALWAYS:Opens the file, without erasing the contents, if the file exists. Creates a new file if the file does not exist.
;OPEN_EXISTING:Opens the file, without erasing the contents, only if the file exists already. If the file does not exist, the function fails.
;TRUNCATE_EXISTING:Opens the file, only if the file exists. When the file is opened, all the contents are deleted, and the file is set to 0 bytes long. If the file does not exist, the function fails. When opening with TRUNCATE_EXISTING, you must specify a GENERIC_WRITE flag as the access mode, or the function will fail.

The dwFlagsAndAttributes member specifies a series of flags for controlling File I/O. If the CreateFile function is being used to create something that isn't a File handle, this parameter is not used and may be set to 0. For accessing a normal file, the flag FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL should be used. However, there are also options for FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE, etc.

Finally, the hTemplateFile member can be specified if you want the new file handle to mimic the properties of an existing file handle. This can be set to NULL if not used.

=== ReadFile WriteFile ===

Once a file handle is opened, ideally we would like to interact with the specified file. We can do this most directly by using the ReadFile and WriteFile functions. Both of them take similar parameters:

 BOOL ReadFile(
  HANDLE hFile,
  LPVOID lpBuffer,
  DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead,
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead,
  LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped);

 BOOL WriteFile(
  HANDLE hFile,
  LPCVOID lpBuffer,
  DWORD nNumberOfBytesToWrite,
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesWritten,
  LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped);

In both, the hFile parameter is the handle to the file that we obtained with CreateFile. The lpOverlapped parameter is used only for a special I/O mode known as &quot;Overlapped I/O Mode&quot;, which we will discuss later. For simple I/O, the lpOverlapped parameter can be set to NULL. 

In ReadFile, the lpBuffer is a pointer to a generic buffer to receive the data. This data may not be character data, so we don't call it a LPSTR type. &quot;nNumberofBytesToRead&quot; is the number of bytes that should be read, and &quot;lpNumberOfBytesRead&quot; is the actual number of bytes that were read. If lpNumberOfBytesRead is zero, the file has no more data in it.

In WriteFile, the lpBuffer parameter points to the data that should be written into the file. Again, it isn't specifically character data. nNumberOfBytesToWrite is the maximum number of bytes to write, and the lpNumberOfBytesWritten returns the number of bytes that were actually written to the file. 

=== CloseHandle ===

When you are done with a file handle, you should close it with the CloseHandle function. CloseHandle only takes one parameter, the file handle you wish to close. If you do not close your handle, Windows will automatically close the handle when the program closes. However, it is a more expensive operation for Windows to do it for you, and can waste time on your system. It is a good idea to always explicitly close all your handles before you exit your program.

Failure to close a handle is known as &quot;handle leaks&quot;, and are a common form of memory leakage that can cause your program, and your entire system, to lose resources and operate more slowly. The handle itself occupies only 32-bits of information, but internally the kernel maintains a large amount of data and storage for every handle. Failure to close a handle means that the kernel must maintain all the associated information about the handle. It also costs the kernel additional time and resources to check through all the old unused handles when it is looking for information about a current handle.

=== Memory-Mapped Files ===

Memory-Mapped files provides a mechanism to read and write to a file using regular pointers and array constructs. Instead of reading from the file using ReadFile, you can read from the file using a memory pointer. The system does this by reading in the file to a memory page, and then writing changes to that page onto the physical disk. There is a certain amount of additional overhead to read the file into memory at first, and to write it back after the mapping is completed. However, if there are many accesses to the file, it can be much more convenient in the long run.

=== Overlapped I/O ===

&quot;Overlapped&quot; I/O is the term Microsoft uses to describe asynchronous I/O. When you want to do I/O, either to a file or to an external device, you have two options:
;Synchronous (non-overlapped):You request the I/O from the system, and wait till the I/O has completed. The program will stop running until the I/O has completed.
;Asynchronous (overlapped):You send a request to the system, and the system completes that request in parallel with your program. Your program can continue to do processing work, and the system will automatically send notification when your request has been completed. 

Synchronous I/O is much easier to use, and is much more straight forward. In synchronous I/O, things happen sequentially, and when the I/O function has returned, you know that the transaction is complete. However I/O is typically much slower than any other operation in your program, and waiting on a slow file read, or a slow communications port can waste lots of valuable time. In addition, if your program is waiting for a slow I/O request, the graphical interface will appear to hang and be non-responsive, which can annoy the user. 

Programmers can avoid these delays by using dedicated threads or a thread pool to execute synchronous I/O operations. But threads have significant overhead, and creating too many of them exhausts system resources. Asynchronous I/O avoids this overhead, and is thus the preferable API for high-performance high-load server applications.

Asynchronous I/O is more complicated to use: It requires the use of the OVERLAPPED structure, and the creation of a handler function that will be called automatically by the system when the I/O is complete. However, the benefits are obvious in the efficiency of the method. Your program can request multiple transactions without having to wait for any of them to complete, and it can also perform other tasks while the system is performing the required task. This means that the programs will appear more responsive to the user, and that you can spend more time on data processing, and less time waiting for data.

== Console API ==

=== Allocating a Console ===

A console can be allocated by calling the '''AllocConsole''' function. Normally we need not do so if we are creating a &quot;console process&quot; (which contains the '''main''' function) because they are already attached to a console. However we can create a console for &quot;GUI process&quot; (which entry point is '''WinMain''') and perform I/O operation on the newly created console. It should be noted that each process can only be associated with one console. If the process has already attached to a console, calling AllocConsole will return FALSE.

After calling AllocConsole, the Windows Command Prompt window will appear. 

A console can be freed by calling '''FreeConsole'''.

=== Getting a Console Handle ===

Upon the creation of console, the standard output, standard input and standard error handles (we call them the &quot;standard devices&quot;) will be initialized. These handles are essential for any console I/O operations. They can be obtained by calling '''GetStdHandle''', which accepts a parameter specifying the handle of the standard device to be obtained. The parameter can be any of the following:
;STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE:Specifies the standard output device, which is used for outputting data to the console.
;STD_INPUT_HANDLE:Specifies the standard input device, which is used for reading input from the console.
;STD_ERROR_HANDLE:Specifies the standard error device, which is mainly used for outputting error.
If the function succeeded, the return value is the handle to the standard device specified. If failed, it will return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.

=== High Level I/O ===

The '''&lt;stdio.h&gt;''' or '''&lt;iostream&gt;''' (C++ only) header files contain the functions typically used for high level console I/O. The high level I/O are typically &quot;buffered&quot;. Such functions including '''printf''', '''scanf''', '''fgets''' etc. If we wish to do unbuffered I/O, we can use the '''fread''' or '''fwrite''' functions and pass '''stdin''', '''stdout''' or '''stderr''' to the parameter specifying the standard input, standard output and standard error devices respectively. It is generally not advisable to combine the use of both high level and low level I/O however.

These functions are designed to be portable and act as an abstraction to the low level system I/O functions.

=== Low Level I/O ===

The low level console I/O can be done by using several API functions such as '''WriteConsole''', '''ReadConsole''', '''ReadConsoleInput''' etc.

 BOOL WriteConsole(
  HANDLE hConsoleOutput,
  const VOID *lpBuffer,
  DWORD dwNumberOfCharsToWrite,
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfCharsWritten,
  LPVOID lpReserved
 );

 BOOL ReadConsole(
  HANDLE hConsoleInput,
  LPVOID lpBuffer,
  DWORD dwNumberOfCharsToRead,
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfCharsRead,
  LPVOID pInputControl
 );

Please note that the &quot;Chars&quot; referred is actually the number of '''TCHAR''', which can be 2-bytes wide when '''UNICODE''' is defined. It is NOT the number of bytes.

The ReadConsoleInput can be used to read keystrokes, which can't be done with C or C++ standard library. There are many more functions which provide powerful I/O functions.

=== Colors and Features ===

There are many exciting API functions that provide additional controls over the console. One of the more commonly used function is the '''SetConsoleTitle''' which is used to set the console title text. We can also alter the position of the cursor by using the '''SetConsoleCursorPosition''' function. 

We can output text with different foreground and background colors by '''SetConsoleTextAttribute'''. We can also change the size of the screen buffer by '''SetConsoleScreenBufferSize'''.

For an extensive documentation of all the Console API one can consult MSDN.

== Device IO API ==
Interaction between a program and a device driver can be complicated. However, there are a few standard device drivers that may be used to access standard ports and hardware. In most instances, interacting with a port or a piece of hardware is as easy as opening a handle to that device, and then reading or writing to it like a file. In most instances, these ports and devices can be opened using the CreateFile function, by calling the name of the device instead of the name of a file. 

=== Getting a Device Handle ===

=== Device IO Functions ===
Device IO function.

=== Warnings about Device IO ===

== Completion Ports ==
{{Windows Programming Stub}}

== Next Chapter ==
*[[Windows Programming/File Management|File Management]]

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Harmonica/Harmonica Purchasing guide</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
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      <text bytes="29112" sha1="kakopgt7zs90tdfqa603h889gb28otx" xml:space="preserve">Paraphrasing from the [[Guitar]] book: ''An instrument that doesn't get played is worthless at any price.'' As such, when buying a harmonica, it is best to buy one that is of good quality, and have plenty of materials for it.

Unless you get a harmonica from someone you know very well or have found a very special variety, ''and'' are willing to go through the process of sanitizing the harmonica, you should '''never''' buy it off of someone else—especially not on eBay. Unlike other instruments, harmonicas have much more contact with the mouth, and also are seldom cleaned; the end result is numerous gunks on the harmonica. &quot;My own harmonica has plenty of skin cells on the mouthpiece, so who knows what's inside the body of the harmonica,&quot; says a Wikibooks contributor.

That being said, a harmonica is not an expensive instrument, so you do not have much reason to go for a second hand, unless, as stated, you need a special variety. For example, a good quality diatonic, such as Hohner's Big River Harp, is about $20 (£20) with tax, while a low quality one is even less, such as Hohner's Bluesband ($3.50, £9) and Hot Metal ($7.00). The problem, of course, is the quality; Bluesband, for example, is not polished, just completely machine made. Also, a good quality harmonica will always come with a hard plastic case, with the higher end offer cushioned linings and a certain degree of protection (that being said, don't expect your harmonica within to survive a two-storey drop).

==Recommendations==
===Comb Material Recommendation===
While comb materials do not come into play in terms of sound (especially to the general audience), they do matter in terms of maintenance. There are four kinds of materials:

*'''Wood''': The famous Hohner &quot;Marine Band&quot; and &quot;Chromonica 270&quot; harmonica have wooden combs, and some say it has a better, more &quot;warm&quot; sound than any other material. This, however, remains to be proven. A wooden comb has the marked disadvantage of swelling with moisture, as well as being prone to other problems (humidity-related change of size, splintering, warping, and so on). Sometimes, the swelling of a wooden comb can cause it to jut out and cut into your lips as you play the harmonica, although, this rarely happens on newer wooden combed harmonicas. The new deluxe version of the Hohner Marine Band avoids this with specially re-engineered and sealed pearwood, but it is still relatively moisture-sensitive when compared with plastic or metal.
*'''Plastic (ABS)''': Easy to maintain, and is becoming the most-used material for the comb. It is also very easy on the lips.
*'''Plexiglass''': Common in high-end models. As a plastic variant, it is easy to maintain, but many say it can crack easily.
*'''Metal''': Usually a thick Aluminium billet, but sometimes stainless steel is used. Sounds the same as plastic, but less prone to wear and tear due to screws. However, watch out for the aluminium oxide powder that may form, since it is abrasive. Expensive. 

For a beginner, I'd recommend picking one of the two plastic combs (or a metal comb, if you do not care about the price), since it has almost no disadvantages.

===Cover Recommendation===
For all kinds of harmonicas, the cover (or more correctly, the resonating chamber the covers formed) is what actually create the acoustics of a harmonica. There are two basic kinds:
*'''Traditional cover''' This appears in the cheap to normally priced harmonicas, such as Hohner 270, 280, and Big River. The back of the covers are more open, delivering a bright and clear tone of the instrument. This makes playing amplified through a bullet mic better, as it basically delivered all the sounds; thus Is preferred by Blues players. Note that both Marine band and Big River have holes on the side too, which makes the sound even brighter.
*'''Cover-all''' This design is especially common in most high-end harmonicas, such as Hohner Meisterklass and Hohner Super 64. It slightly muffled the harmonica but resonate it more, which produce a warm, mellow tone that is much fuller (aka &quot;a fat tone&quot;); this is essential for playing in a more acoustic nature, such as playing Mississippi blues, Bluegrass, Jazz, and classical music. In fact, due to the tight requirements of classical music, many classical players prefer cover-all designs.

Lastly, there's the cover material. Traditionally, cover is made of metal, which provides a brighter sound. Plastic (e.g. CX-12) produces a softer sound in what some players have described as a displeasing &quot;plasticy&quot; timbre. Many players, however find the CX-12 to have a loud Rock, R&amp;B and Jazzy tone suitable for those genres of music and in sound test after sound test no listener described the CX-12 as &quot;plasticy&quot;. In fact the CX-12 sound is considered bright and loud compared to many other chromatics and the instrument is growing steadily in popularity. Suzuki Pureharp is one of the tiny production models that use wood as a cover, which produces a pleasantly soft sound.

'''Note:''' What is a good tonal quality is heavily dependent on the music you're playing and the audience.

===Choice of key===
There are many keys available for the harmonica; chromatic come in all twelve keys. 
*'''C major''': This is known as the standard key, especially for diatonic. Most special edition chromatics (e.g.: hard-bopper, 16-holes) are only available in this key.
*'''B major''': This is a common key used to play Irish music. In terms of a chromatic, it's slide-in position is exactly the same as the slide-out position of a chromatic in the key of C. One can acquire an '''Irish-tuned C major''' chromatic by reversing the slide (flipping the slide upside down), so that the slide out position is in the key of C, while slide in will flatten the notes (B major). Note that for the CX-12, you can not flip the slide upside-down.
*'''G major''' and '''F major''': Another common alternative key, since there is only one sharp/flat to address.
*'''E-flat major''' and '''B-flat major''': Allows one to play any music written for Bb clarinet or Saxophone. E-flat enables one to play E-flat in straight harp and B-flat in crossharp, while Bb enables playing Bb in straight harp and F in crossharp.

For beginners, it is best to get a harmonica tuned to the key of '''C''' as you can play most songs with that key. Also, for some higher-end models (especially 16-hole chromatics), the stock version only comes in the key of C, so players should just get used to playing in the key of C until they gain more experience. It is possible to play in D Dorian or G Mixolydian on a C Major harmonica without the use of bending.

==First harmonica==
Some claim that diatonic harmonicas are easier to learn than chromatic harmonicas, and this may be true for some people. However, it is best to choose which type you want to learn and focus on it, rather than buy a harmonica just because it may be easier to learn. Here is a list of which music genres each type is used in, if it helps you decide which type of harmonica is right for you:
*'''Chromatic:''' Used mainly in Jazz and Classical music, but it can cross-over into Blues music sometimes.
*'''Diatonic:''' Used mainly for Blues music, but sometimes for Rock, Country, Bluegrass, Folk, Celtic and Gospel music.
*'''Tremolo:''' Mainly used in Folk music, especially Asian folk music.
*'''Other types:''' If you are an absolute beginner, do not bother with any type other than the ones listed above. The other types (Bass, Chord and Octave) are quite hard to learn, and there is little learning material available for them. The Horn, Bass and Chord harmonicas are used in Classical music and also in harmonica-only ensembles. Octaves are mainly used for Folk music.

Listed below are recommendations for each type of harmonica, apart from the Bass, Chord and Octave harmonicas.

'''Note:''' If the place you buy from does not have a harmonica tester (a device with a bellow that blow and draw air), do not buy it; for all you know, the harmonica is busted, and it's very often you cannot return/replace/refund a harmonica.

===Diatonic===

In North America, a good quality 10-hole diatonic is a good starter. I would recommend the following, in the following order:

'''''(As a former national champion, I offer this wisdom: Harmonicas are &lt;u&gt;not&lt;/u&gt; pricey like pianos and pedal harps. If you want to be discouraged and quit prematurely, get a cheap, hard to play instrument. If, however, you want to give yourself a good chance to master and enjoy these fine instruments, get a high-quality, easy to play and easy to bend instrument. The difference in price is akin to a family meal at McDonalds.)'''''

*'''Seydel Session''': This harp is all German made with high quality and sleek design. An amazing array of tunings are offered and replacement reedplates are easy to obtain.
*'''Seydel Solist Pro''': Sealed wood comb and bolted assembly.
*'''Suzuki Bluesmaster''': Overall cover and high-quality construction.
*'''Hering Vintage 1923''': Brazilian made with a sealed wood comb. Tuned in &quot;Just Intonation&quot; like the early Marine Bands.
*'''Lee Oskar Major''': Completely airtight and has large chambers. It is also tuned slightly sharp for a bright single-note sound. Replacement reed plates are available for it.
*'''Hohner Special 20''': One of the most popular diatonic models. Completely airtight.It has plastic comb and hence resistant to moisture.
*'''Hohner Pro Harp''': The ProHarp is part of Hohner's new Modular System. The harmonica is airtight, and replacement reed plates can be bought for it.
*'''Hohner Blues Harp''': This is also part of Hohner's new Modular System. The wood resists swelling, and replacement reed plates are available for it.
*'''Hohner Marine Band''': One of the most famous harmonicas, and is the oldest model among the others listed here. Its covered slots help towards a more bluesy sound and the new Deluxe Edition of it is made of wood which is resistant to swelling.
*'''Hohner Big River''': The Big River, cheapest among these choices, also uses the Modular System. The harmonica is airtight, and replacement reed plates can be bought for it. Uses Marine Band style covers.
*'''Hohner Silver Star''': The Silver Star is cheapest harmonica then others.It comes in all keys. An okay harp if you want to test the waters but not for professionals.

====Hohner XB-40====
Once you learn your diatonic skills (particularly bending) it would be a good idea to consider the Hohner XB-40, especially for Blues and Jazz music. The ease of bending is especially suited to play chromatically.

Unlike a valved diatonic, the XB-40 allows true chromatic notes to be played with ease, since it has a total of forty reeds, as well as separated chambers for blow and draw notes. This can also be considered as a very expensive first harmonica, but it is still possible to learn on it like a normal diatonic; only thing to keep in mind is that there was no material made specifically to take advantage XB-40's ability yet.

The advantage of the XB-40 is that it does not need a slide to play chromatically, thus it can be good for playing with a rack and another instrument. Also, since it uses bending a lot, it can be a good approximation to trumpets and saxophones, which often used to produce the wailing sounds that's needed in blues and jazz.

===Chromatic===
For chromatics, always get at least 12 holes (3 octaves). The price goes from $89.00 for Hohner's Chrometta 12, to $138.00 for Hohner Chromonica 270, and $192.00 for Hohner CX-12. When you buy a chromatic, you will have to decide if you prefer a straight-tuned or cross-tuned slide:

'''''The wonderful 16 hole Chromonica is too large to fit completely in the hands. The 12 hole is better for effects, such as muffled or vibrato tones. If getting a C chromatic, get the Tenor variety, which contains the lower three octaves found on the 16 hole instrument. Most 12 holers are tuned to the upper three octaves.'''''

You can find 10 hole chromatics. The top notes are tuned rather like a diatonic instrument with the slide out, and with each notes sharped by pushing the slide in.

*'''Straight-tuned''': having smaller holes, thus less air get through, making notes playing difficult due to air restriction. However the slide travels a shorter distant.
*'''Cross-tuned''': having bigger holes, thus more air goes through; especially helpful for lower octaves. However, the slides travel a longer distance; and thus, the slide sticks out from the body a bit more. This in turn makes the slide more susceptible to damage. &lt;u&gt;So just keep it in its box!&lt;/u&gt;

In the end, it depends on your playing style. Many professional players may prefer straight-tuned, but even when they have to use the cross-tuned harps, (usually 16 holes, as most larger brands use cross-tuning now for the 16-holes) their virtuosities are rarely hindered.

'''Recommendations'''
*'''Hering 7148 Special 48''': This is a great chromatic for Jazz and Blues.  Formerly known as the &quot;Charlie Musselwhite.&quot;
*'''Hering 5148''': Hering's standard 48 is a great all around chromatic with a bolted assembly and an ABS comb.
*'''Hering 1148 Velvet Voice''': This is similar to the 5148 but features an unusual cover design and a mellower tone. It is very reasonably priced.
*'''Seydel Chromatic Deluxe''': German made alternative to the Hohner 270 that is tighter. It is very similar in design to the 270 but bolted together. It comes in both wood and acrylic combs.
*'''Seydel Saxony''': The Saxony features stainless steel reeds and is the only chromatic that does. The comb is aluminum and the reed covers come in stainless steel or brushed chrome. this is a top chromatic and the price reflects that as well.
*'''Huang 1248''': The Huangs were Hohner designers. This is a good quality chromatic for a low price and similar to the Suzuki SCX series in design.
*'''Hohner Chrometta 12''': Not recommended unless you are on a budget, or looking for a cheap chromatic with plastic comb; its mouth piece is thick, leaky, and the hole separators are so thin that it can be difficult to isolate a single note. While earlier models fastened the reedplates to the comb with drift pins, current models are held together with machine screws. 
*'''Hohner 270 (Super Chromonica)''': The 270 has the disadvantage of a wooden comb and using nails, and thus making repairing extremely difficult. However, it has a straight-tuned slide, and its mouthpiece is thin, making lip-blocking easy. Some also swear by the sound of the wooden comb, but in reality it makes very little difference in sound. Many old pro players use this model and still buy this model after their old one breaks down. It is also cheaper. If one really enjoys or prefers the lower octave's sound, but wants to cup the entire harmonica, get a 12-hole in Tenor C.
::To address these issues, Hohner released the '''Chromonica 270 Deluxe''', which uses the screw only assembly, as well as allow slides to change for both right and left hand player. Speculation is that it's cost is just a little bit more expensive than the old version but still cheaper than CX-12. It still retains the straight tune, making it a good choice. The only problem, of course, is the environment sensitive wooden comb.
*'''Hohner CX-12''': This has the advantage of a plastic comb, and very easy to disassemble: no screwdriver needed to disassemble it into the slide, the cover-mouth piece, the backplate, and the comb with screwed on reedplates, making cleaning easy. Its crosstuning does not have much disadvantage, since its new version of spring create an equally fast response as a straight tuned comb, and the slide button covered the exposed part, protecting it. However, its mouthpiece is thick, making octaves almost impossible and tongue-block difficult. Additionally, its tension based parts (especially backplate-spring, which holds the comb in place) easily create more wear and tear. It's also more expensive; in Vancouver, it is just five bucks cheaper than a Super 64.
*'''Hohner 280, Super 64, or Super 64X (4 octaves)''': Assuming you had played a diatonic, and realise harmonica is the right instrument for you, then perhaps you may want to jump straight to the 16 holes, since it gives to much versatility in playing music. While the prices for both are about twice the amount cost of 270, it was about the same price of CX-12, (or even less for 280). In exchange for the ease of disassembly, both 16 holes allow the player to play on on octave lower, and when used in conjunction with special tongue-block techniques, it allows the harmonicist to utilize certain techniques and play songs unavailable on a 12-holes' range. However, do keep in mind that it is more difficult to play the bottom octaves regardless of slide tuning (though straight-tuned harp are harder to play than cross-tuned harp), and it's more difficult to cup the larger harmonica. The 280 comes in a traditional cover, and the Super 64 and Super 64X comes in an overall cover (although, the 64X's cover is easily cracked and hard to repair).
*'''Suzuki SCX models (48, 56, 64)''': In East Asia, Suzuki's model is easier to buy. Most players who play in North America stated that the SCX model has lots of air-leakage, while many in Asia found that the Hohner model has more air leakage. In my region (Vancouver, B.C.), the SCX is much more expensive than its Hohner counterpart for a similar product, so I recommend Hohner's chromatic for those also in the Lower Mainland. Its overall performance is comparable to Hohner, however, the SCX-48 is the only 12-hole chromatic that has the coverall cover (aside from CX-12), which enhances the tonal and volume of the sound.
*'''Hering 5164, 6164, 7164 (4 octaves)''': Brazilian made 16 holers favored by many chromatic players.
*'''Renaissance''': Probably one of the best chromatics, now made by Seydel. Its slider arrangement allow holes that are even larger than cross-tuned chromatics, but have the same short distance movement of a straight-tune harp. It is expensive, but well worth it if you are dedicated to playing chromatics.

Though it may sometimes be hard to find Seydel, Hering, Suzuki or Huang chromatics in a normal music store, they can be found online and on Ebay. They are of high quality and they rarely have any air-leak problems while having straight-tuned slides (unless you prefer cross-tuned slides). 

So ultimately, it depends on the price and ease of maintenance.

===Tremolo===
If you live in Asia, chances are your first diatonic would be a tremolo harmonica, since there are more materials for those. In that case, only get a Tremolo made in East Asia (such as Tombo and Suzuki), since most materials in East Asia are designed for the Tremolo with the &quot;missing&quot; notes added back (Fa and La in lower octave, Ti for upper octave), which are taken out in the European designs for ease of chord construction. You do not need to spend the extra money to buy your C# harmonica yet, unless you got a special deal. In Taiwan, Harmonica Heaven and Yellow Stone are a few good places to start.

Once you have learned your tremolo skill, if you want to progress; getting a chromatic would be a good idea.

=== Bass ===
This is an all-blow instrument that consumes a fair amount of air. Each hole has two reeds, tuned an octave apart, for a full, rich sound. You can make it sound much like an organ or even an electric or string bass, but the sound is fuller. It's a relatively expensive instrument. Hohner makes a great one, but I actually prefer my Hueng's resonant sound.

It's '''very''' '''easy''' to learn, if you know another instrument. Once when our bass player suddenly ate a bad taco before a concert, I drafted my teenage daughter to fill in for him. She practiced about five minutes before the curtain rose and nobody said a word, except to ask how long she'd been playing. She looked at her watch and told them.

The instrument is comprised of two full harmonicas, one in the key of C-Major, white keys on the piano. You blow for C and you '''blow''' for D and E and F, etc. It has another harmonica hinged above it, in the key of C#-Major. When playing it, if you're used to a slide chromatic, the upper harmonica is tuned like the lower would be with a slide pushed in, except of course there is no drawing, just blowing.

=== Chord ===
'Peg O My Heart' by the Harmonicats is the magnificent song that made the Chord famous. Please be advised that 'Peg' has sold a lot of chord harmonicas but only a few players have mastered that difficult song on it.

This instrument is a full two-feet long. It's complex in manufacture, and it's expensive. I love my wood-combed Hohner Chord. Other makers produce chords.

Like the Bass, this is a dual harmonica, but unlike the Bass' tuning, it has an entirely set of blow and draw chords on the top and bottom. It's designed as an accompaniment instrument with each set of four holes playing one chord. It plays all major and minor chords in all keys, plus dominant 7ths, as well as most of the augmented and diminished ones.

It lacks a few of the major-7th and major-9th chords but I've found that by playing two adjacent chords at once, and tongue-blocking certain holes, most of those missing chords are available.

=== Chord+Bass ===
The Chordette by Hering has bass notes (single-reed) and their chords, side by side, with a plastic comb. Like the Chord and Bass, it is two harps, one on top of another. You can do accompaniment things on it that are impossible otherwise. It's missing a host of chords, but it's a first-class instrument. 

If you want to experiment, I made one better harp out of two. On one harp only, I filed each reed 1/2 step sharp ''(support the reeds on a razor blade and gently thin the tips with a jewelry file)'' on one harmonica. ''(If you file a bit too much, lightly scratch - don't file - the root of a reed to flatten its note. Be gentle.)''  I epoxied it to the right of the other harp, so I have almost all chords in a 20&quot; long Chord+Bass. I use it when missing a chord or bass player, or on fast, intricate songs like 'Ghost Riders in the Sky.'

==Learning material==
&quot;When my uncle gave me my harmonica, he also gave me some learning material&quot;, says a Wikibooks contributor. &quot;I gave up within one month. While the harmonica is good (it's actually a Suzuki ProMaster, a very good quality harmonica) the material, with many errors and so little help, told me nothing and I gave it up for two years. It was only when I had gone out and bought my own instruction book did I actually find the harmonica is not a bad instrument.&quot;

Obviously, this textbook is convenient; but let's say you are giving a gift and you believe giving them a physical book will be better.

So what is required?
*'''Appropriate materials'''&amp;nbsp;– While it is debatable whether one should start with chromatic, diatonic or tremolo (again, it depends on the teacher and region), make sure the material matches the type of harmonica given, especially beginner books. The best book will be able to cover two types (usually diatonic and chromatic). Furthermore, to play well, you will have to learn more than tabs, which can only tell you which notes to play but do not teach you HOW to play them. You will have to learn [[standard music notation (sheet music)]].
*'''Tabulature'''&amp;nbsp;– Harmonica tabulature, or simply '''tab''', is much better for a beginner to learn from, as it shows them the breath direction and hole to play at, and it is much simpler than sheet music. The tab should be clear, and moderately spaced, such that it is very similar between the spacing used in traditional music notation. Also, see if you can understand the tab notation without looking at any other references.
*'''Traditional music notation'''&amp;nbsp;– A player will never excel until they can also read traditional music notation since it teaches them to read music as well as showing the rhythm, accidentals, etc. Furthermore, there are many things that can only be shown through traditional format. I personally find playing directly from traditional notation is easier, but this comes with practice.
*'''Techniques'''&amp;nbsp;– Obviously, the more techniques that are taught, the better. However, the buyer should see if it touches upon '''bending'''. Unless the book is for Tremolo or Chromatic, this is required for a harmonica player. If the instruction on bending is not clear enough, do not buy it!
*'''Basic Music theory'''&amp;nbsp;– In order to truly establish the fact that it is more than a noise maker, some musical theory is required. This is not as hard as some may think, but it is akin to learning a second language. (Stretch those brain cells!)
*'''Structure of Blues'''&amp;nbsp;– A good way to pique their interest is to show that Blues is actually the foundation of modern music and then show them how to construct the 12-bar blues, chord progression, etc.
*'''CD'''&amp;nbsp;– Some CDs actually contain verbal lessons from the author while some have special software in it. However, even just some song samples and backing tracks are good.

When you buy material, do not just look at the author; actually read through the content. Some may be good players but horrid writers. It can also be hard to judge what is  the &quot;appropriate level&quot;, even if both players are novices on the same kind of harp. For example, a book of introduction to playing blues on the chromatic can be easy for one beginner but too advanced for another. While a tab-only book can produce an opposite situation. Some may not even have any of the above, but for an advanced player they are all invaluable, as they provide many insights into playing. Conversely, it is possible that some books are overly beginner-orientated for an advanced player.

Once your ear training gets better, it can be very beneficial to try learning songs only by ear. Find recordings of songs that you think you can play and then try and dissect them into each note and rhythm. This takes practice and is a skill in itself, however, it can be very rewarding.

===Recommendations===
====Books====
As an alternative to this Wikibook, one should also consider purchasing any of the following:
*''Harmonica For Dummies'': A comprehensive guide that starts at the beginning but includes material progressing to the intermediate level. Clearly written in the step-by-step, modular style that is the hallmark of the Dummies approach, the book includes an audio CD with all the musical examples and exercises in the book. In addition to progressive playing instruction in several styles, the book also offers information on choosing an instrument, care and maintenance, forming a band, choosing repertoire, amplification, and performing for audiences. However, the book focuses on the diatonic harmonica, with minimal discussion of other types of harmonica.
::Details: By Winslow Yerxa, published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
*''The Complete Idiot's Guide to: Playing the Harmonica'': A very comprehensive book, with easy-to-follow instructions. It should be noted that this book is orientated towards absolute beginners and thus, does not cover more advanced techniques, such as overblowing. It also focuses primarily on the diatonic harmonica, leaving out all of the other types.
::Details: By William Melton and Randy Weinstein, published by Alpha Publications. ISBN: 0-02-864241-4.
*''The Harp Handbook'': Written by Steve Baker, a famous harmonica player. This is arguably one of the best harmonica guide-books as it covers not only the basic techniques, but also the more advanced techniques. It also teaches two types of harmonica&amp;nbsp;– the diatonic and the chromatic.
::Details: By Steve Baker, published by Wise Publications.
*''The Encyclopedia of the Harmonica'': A very informative book.
::Details: Written by Peter Krampert, published by Tatanka Publishing.

====Videos and CDs====
As informative as this Wikibook or any of the other books which are listed are, nothing compares to a DVD or play-along CD; watching and hearing someone play the harmonica will help you to play it better. Recommended CDs and DVDs:
*''Harmonica Masterclass'': This is one of the best harmonica DVDs. It is a multibook and DVD series, covering absolute beginners and those at more advanced levels. Highly recommended.
::Details: By David Barret, published by Mel Bay Publications.
*''Harmonica Power: Norton Buffalo's Bag of Tricks'': A very informative DVD, easy to follow.
::Details: By Norton Buffalo, published by Homespun Video.
*''New Directions for Harmonica&amp;nbsp;– Expanding Your Technique'': For those at more advanced levels, not recommended for beginners.
::Details: By Howard Levy, published by Homespun Video.
*''Blues Harmonica Playalongs'': Made by the famous harmonicist, Steve Baker. Excellent for beginners and also those at more advanced levels.
::Details: By Steve Baker, published by Mel Bay Publications
*''Harmonica Jam Trax'': Also great for beginners, but it may bore some advanced players.
::Details: By Ralph Agresta, published by Amsco Music.

{{Harmonica}}</text>
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    <title>Buddhist Philosophy/Introduction</title>
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[[Introduction to Philosophy/What is Buddhist Philosophy?|What is Buddhist philosophy?]] gives an introduction to some key points developed here. [[wikipedia:en:Buddhism|Buddhism]] will be explored from some of its less known attributes: 
* Influences on medicine and healing
* Cosmology
* Rasayana teachings
* Development of a secular religion
* Non-theistic ethics and morality

== History ==
Buddha was born at Lumbini, now part of present-day Nepal, in the year 566 B.C. His father was Raja Shuddhodhan and his mother's name was Mahadevi. He was born a Shakya tribal prince and his father consulted many court astrologers to predict his son's future before giving him the name Siddhartha Gautama. He was schooled to be a secular leader, but instead became the founder of the Buddhist religion. His mother died soon after childbirth, so he was raised largely by his aunt and step-mother.

Buddhism often traces its religious foundation to the life and inspiration of the Shakyamuni Buddha. Buddhism has been associated with peacefulness towards others, including animals (especially the monkey), and an emphasis on meditation. Many words originally largely associated with Buddhism are now part of Western usage, for example: Zen, karma, mantra, nirvana.

=== What led to the Buddha's enlightenment? ===
The semi-mythological nature of the Buddha's life is also reflected in many Sufi tales of princes who gave up their kingdoms to follow paths of spiritual unfolding, although none of these stories are found in the historical record until much later and, as such, were probably influenced by the Buddha story.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Suttas as History: Four Approaches to the &quot;Sermon on the Noble Quest&quot; (Ariyapariyesanasutta)|first=Jonathan S.|last=Walters|date=February 1999|journal=History of Religions|volume=38|number=3|pages=247-284|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|doi=10.1086/463543}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Buddha was born to the ruler of a small kingdom in Nepal and led a sheltered life. After seeing the four signs, he resolved to leave his life of ease and find the cause of overcoming of dissatisfaction, or ''dukkha''. After study, ascetic and meditative practices, the Buddha developed an understanding or realization; the rest of his life was spent transmitting this realization.

Buddha expressed his philosophy quite succinctly when he said: &quot;I teach only two things, Oh disciples: the fact of suffering, and the possibility of escape from suffering.&quot;

Buddha inspired the famous &quot;Four Noble Truths,&quot; and the &quot;Eightfold Path&quot; which allows people to achieve '''nirvana'''. What is nirvana? Before this is answered, you must understand the concept of '''karma'''. Buddhist philosophy states that everything is subject to the law of karma. Buddha taught that positive actions build up one's karma, while negative ones detract from it. Buddhists try to achieve good karma and free themselves from bad karma by living a morally sound life, which is the intended outcome of the observance of Buddhist practices. Nirvana is the state of being free from mental defilements (''klesha''), which are chiefly hate, desire and ignorance; ignorance being the root cause of all of them. With the cessation of kleshas, all forms of suffering cease and a state of bliss and equanimity is attained. Buddhism teaches that life is part of a cycle of suffering called ''Samsara''. If one achieves good karma, practicing the Four Noble Truths and following the Eightfold Path, then this cycle will end, and rather than being subject to the law of karma they will be free of it, living in a state of eternal happiness.

=== What were the Four Signs? ===
The Buddha led a leisurely and protected life within a royal palace and even fathered a child. When he, against all advice, left the palace, he encountered four manifestations, or ''signs'', of human suffering:
# An old person
# A sick person
# A dead person
# A wandering [[wiktionary:ascetic|ascetic]] (comparable to the Western traditions of ''[[wiktionary:friar|friars]]'', or anyone who intentionally foregoes having a home and personal possessions to pursue a richer spiritual life)

Siddhartha was affected by what he saw and resolved to find out why there was suffering, the cause of the suffering, and how to end one's suffering.

The Sanskrit word ''&quot;karma&quot;'' literally means &quot;action&quot;. ''Hetu'' is the Sanskrit for &quot;intention&quot; and ''phala'' refers to an &quot;effect.&quot; Karma may be either &quot;good&quot; (positive) or &quot;bad&quot; (negative), and both categories of actions have their respective ''phala''.

=== What are the Four Noble Truths? ===
# Existence entails discomfort, or suffering (''dukkha''). All worldly life is unsatisfactory and disjointed.
# The cause of ''dukkha'' is attachment, craving or desire (''tanha''), collectively known as ''Samudāya''.
# The cessation of ''dukkha'' comes from achieving ''Nirodha'', the way out of suffering, which is to eliminate attachment and desire.
# The way leading to the cessation of ''dukkha'' (''Marga''): The path that leads out of suffering is called the Noble Eightfold Path.

Buddha taught that in order to achieve nirvana (''Nirodha''), people must free themselves from their own ego and give up all desire. Buddha claimed that by having so many desires (such as wanting pleasure, wealth, happiness, security, success, long life, etc.), we condemn ourselves to suffering, and will never escape the cycle of rebirth. This is why Buddhists believe that all suffering is self-created.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=November 17, 2009|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/buddhism/beliefs/fournobletruths_1.shtml|title=Religions - Buddhism: The Four Noble Truths|publisher=BBC|access-date=August 25, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== What is the Eightfold Path? ===
# '''Right View/Understanding'''
# '''Right Thoughts'''
# '''Right Speech''', abstaining from lying, divisive or abusive speech, and idle chatter (''Sutta Nipata'' 45.8)
# '''Right Action''', abstaining from the taking of life, stealing and fornication (''Sutta Nipata'' 45.8)
# '''Right Livelihood''', abstaining from facilitating the suffering or death of others or complicity in the same, avoiding guns and poisons or anything else which exists only to cause harm (''Sutta Nipata'' 45.8)
# '''Right Effort'''
# '''Right Mindfulness'''
# '''Right Concentration''', more commonly known as meditation

=== What are the Three Jewels? ===
The crowning achievements of the Buddha were:
# The Buddha ~ His lifetime of gaining wisdom, understanding and awakening
# The Teaching (Dharma) ~ The oral teachings and transmission 
# The Community (Sangha) ~ The group of awoken teachers or disciples of the Buddha

== The Thirty-One Realms (''Bhumi'' 31) ==
Buddhism claims that there are thirty-one realms where life is found. The human realm (''manussa bhumi'') is one of those 31 realms, and is included among the happy realms (''sugati bhumi''). The realms are divided into four main categories, which are:
# The suffering, or sub-human, realms (''apaya bhumi''): Hell (''niraya''), the realm of the Titans (''asura''), the Ghost realm (''peta''), and the animal realm.
#* Beings are reborn here because of their bad actions in past lives.
# The happy realms (''sugati bhumi''), or realms of sense (''kama bhumi''): the human realm and the six realms of gods (the use of the word 'god' is not related to the Western meaning of 'God').
#* Beings are reborn here as the result of their good deeds, mainly by practicing generosity, self-restraint/virtue, and meditation.
# The realms of form.
#* Beings who have successfully practiced meditation to the level of ''rupa-jhana'' .
# The formless realms.
#* Beings who have successfully practiced meditation to the level of ''arupa-jhama''.

=== What are the Six Realms? ===
The six realms are the six possible states of existence for sentient beings. There is an immense variation in the beings of each realm, but these beings will all share certain characteristics. We re-emerge in these states according to our karma. The 'lower realms' is a term used to refer to the states of Hell, hungry ghosts (''petas'') and animals. These three states are severely restrictive in the ability of a sentient being trapped in them to attain liberation, and because of this their suffering in ''Samsara'' is prolonged. The most basic reason for refuge is to attain a dwelling that avoids these realms.

==== The Heavenly, or Deva Realm ====
These are the realms of existence inhabited by the devas or 'shining ones', and are marked by experiences of bliss and pleasure for long periods of time.

This is separated into two main states of existence - those with form and those without form. The deva realms are correlated to the eight ''jhanas''/''dhyanas'', which are eight distinct meditative states. The first four of which are marked by an awareness of form - such as the meditator's body, while the last four are entirely mental experiences, where sensory input to the material senses is no longer felt.

Beings gain rebirth in these realms by a combination of right conduct and/or deep meditative experience during life. Once there, they have immense lifespans, especially in the higher states, and their perception of time is similarly different to humans - with their perception of a 'day' sometimes being equal to human millennia.

Being reborn in such a state is seen as being ultimately useless, since it is temporary and there is no apparent reason to work towards liberation from Samsara. When the karma of a sentient being living in such a state begins to run out, they usually have very little merit relating to pleasurable existences remaining in their stream or consciousness, and are eventually born in one of the three lower realms. As they die, they become clearly aware of this, and such an experience is said to be worse than all the suffering that could be experienced in any of the other realms.

==== The conflicted realm of Titans (''Asuras'', the jealous gods) ====
'''Buddha Level:''' The Life of the Father, conflict between duty and resolution, the Four Signs

&lt;poem&gt;In Italy, for thirty years under the Borgias, they had warfare,
terror, murder and bloodshed, but they produced Michelangelo,
Leonardo da Vinci, and the Renaissance.
In Switzerland they had brotherly love,
they had five hundred years of democracy and peace,
and what did they produce? The cuckoo clock.&lt;/poem&gt;
—Orson Welles, ''The Third Man''

&lt;poem&gt;For thirty years people have been asking me how I reconcile X with Y!
The truthful answer is that I don't.
Everything about me is a contradiction and so is everything about everybody else.
We are made out of oppositions;
we live between two poles.
There is a philistine and an aesthete in all of us, and a murderer and a saint.
You don't reconcile the poles. You just recognize them.&lt;/poem&gt;
—Orson Welles to Kenneth Tynan, 1967

'''Human Developmental Stage:''' Early childhood

==== The passion or animal realm ====
'''Buddha Level:''' Training the Buddha, stupidity and servitude

&lt;poem&gt;The main
passions of Mohammad
were women and perfumes.
This realm is about the patterns of instinct,
the needs of the animal. For food, and interaction.
It is interesting that some systems utilize this realm as a source
of wisdom and inspiration. Acknowledgement
is part of the key rather than denial, asceticism or willful
denial or indulgence that is the Middle way&lt;/poem&gt;

'''Human Developmental Stage:''' Adolescence

==== Hell Realm ====
'''Buddha Level:''' Trained and nowhere to go, wracked by torture and characterized by aggression

There is a wonderful story of a PureLand Buddhist Master who had a disturbing dream:
&lt;poem&gt;In the dream, the Master saw himself in the God Realm
He called his fellow monks together and with tears in his eyes
recounted the portent dream
pleading they pray that he be sent to the hell realms
to rescue the beings dwelling there.&lt;/poem&gt;

A true Bodhisattva.

'''Human Developmental Stage:''' Young adulthood

==== The Craving or Hungry Spirit Realm ====
'''Buddha Level:''' The extreme ascetic, characterized by great craving and eternal starvation

'''Human Developmental Stage:''' Maturity

==== Human Realm ====
'''Buddha Level:''' The world transformed

Beings who are both good and evil; enlightenment is within their grasp, yet most are blinded and consumed by their desires

'''Human Developmental Stage:''' Old age

== References ==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>Packing &amp; Moving Household Goods/Electronic Equipment</title>
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      <text bytes="695" sha1="po7b8063vccf13zd1ykot5sjvvd1xx3" xml:space="preserve">==General==
Electronic components should be wrapped in pads or blankets or paper or bubble wrap and boxed so that their knobs cannot be broken off and so that their finish will not be scratched.
==Monitors and Televisions==
Flatscreen monitors and televisions are very delicate.

CRT monitors and televisions are more durable, but do have the risk of implosion if their glass screen is shattered. CRT displays are also almost always much heavier than their flatscreen counterparts, and need special care to be moved safely if not on a dolly.

==Desktop Computers==
Desktop computers, especially those with with ''expansion cards'', should be moved with care. 
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    <title>High Icelandic</title>
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[[Image:thorshamri.jpg|thumb|300px|right|A picture of the &quot;armored egg of life&quot; (brynfjöregg).]] 
In 1992 the Belgian Herman Jozef Braekmans became interested in Icelandic terminological work.  During the 90’s, the emphasis in his work lied mainly on the search for native names for the chemical elements and a completely native terminology for chemical compounds.  At the end of 1999 he released a small booklet titled “''Icelandic Alternatives for the Names of the Chemical Elements''”.  In 2000 he made contact with the Dutch linguist Fabian Valkenburg, the man behind the Bond tegen Leenwoorden (Union against loan-words), who helped Braekmans construct the website Nýyrðasmiðja Málþvottahús (Neologistic factory: a language laundry).  Braekmans tried to find cooperators on the is.islenska newsgroup but most of the people there firmly rejected the idea of purism.  In 2003 he decided to present his words as an ultrapurist superset language called Háfrónska (November 2003).  Before that he somtimes referred  to the language as ofuríslenska or Hypericelandic.  In 2005, he asked the Icelandic reverend Pétur Þorsteinsson to take the lead.  During the last months of that year Breakmans created an additional web-page about High Icelandic symbolism (see below)  The project received some minor media attention in Iceland, but only a few fanatics continue Braekmans' work.  The Icelandic television channel Stöð 2 had a small item on the project in November 2005.  Although many people see the language as a joke and a mockery of Icelandic language protectionism, Braekmans is dead-serious about it.  [[Image:nyyrdhaskald555.jpg|thumb|right|A neologistic poet wearing his characteristic cap (nýyrðaskáldshúfa), a blue shirt and a red tie.]] 

An equivalent concept can be seen in the High French (Haut français) project.

==Ultrapurism==
The emphasis in High Icelandic mainly lies on málgjörhreinsun (ultra purism), the most extreme form of linguistic purism. Again this is a personal term of the creator, signifying that everything that can be expressed by human speech is to be considered a target for puristic intervention, even proper names, geographical names, and names of chemicals. According to Braekmans the first signs of ultrapurism go back to the neologistic excesses of the 19th century Fjölnismenn. In their magazine Skírnir, they translated personal names like 'Robert Peel' and 'John Russell' as Hróbjartur Píll and Jón Hrísill respectively. Also geographical names were translated: Góðviðra (Buenos Aires), Sigurborg (Cairo), Slettumannaland (Poland). In contrast to the existing Icelandic language policy, the removal of latinisms and germanisms in the old language is considered a top priority.  In Braekmans opinion, the fact that Iceland has experienced the strongest wave of linguistic purism of all languages, makes it the most characteristic an important element of the language.  More so than the old literature (other languages like Tamil also have an impressive literal tradition) and the fact that Icelandic has changed so little during the last millennium (Greek has changed as less as Icelandic during the same period).  For this reason, he believes that staunch linguistic purism should be the main value feature in Icelandic society and be pursued.

==High Icelandic symbolism==
[[Image:fjallbarn661.jpg|thumb|right|The woman and child of the mountains]]
[[Image:High Icelandic Hammerflag.svg|thumb|right|The High Icelandic hammerflag]]
During the last months of 2005 Braekmans and a few neologist poets created Saga Fjallbarnssins ‘The saga of the Mountain child’.  In this story the High Icelandic symbolism is explained. 
# '''Brynfjöregg''': The armored fjöregg (vital egg).  A 'vital egg' (fjöregg) is the equivalent of a ‘life-thread’ in Icelandic symbolism.   It is a familiar motif in Icelandic folklore, where one can destroy trolls, giants, etc., by finding where their &quot;life-egg&quot; (fjöregg) is hidden and hurling it at them so that it hits them in the face, or on the temple or nose, or (most frequently) between the eyes or on the forehead. These life-eggs came in a variety of colors,  some were golden.  Many Icelanders still consider their language as the ‘vital egg’ of their culture.  When it breaks, the thing it symbolizes dies.  The High Icelandic ‘brynfjöregg’ is composed of two viking-helmets forming an oval armor around the egg, symbolizing language protection.
# '''Fjallbarn''': The so-called linguisticly immaculate child of the mountains (Hið slettulausa Fjallbarn) of Fjallkonan (Woman of the mountains), the female incarnation of the Icelandic nation, and Bergrisinn (The Rock-giant), one of the four protectors of Iceland.  In High Icelandic symbolism, a child born on the national holiday and whose mother takes the trouble to make this happen at Thingvellir is called a ‘fjallbarn’. 
# '''Þórsfrónvé''': Thor’s flag of Iceland, an alternate Icelandic flag with the same division of the three colors but with a stylized ‘hammer of Thor’ replacing the Danish Crusaders’ cross. 
#'''Nýyrðaskáld''': A nýyrðaskáld (neologist poet) is a native speaker of Icelandic, who differs from a ‘nýyrðasmíður’ (word-builder) in that ‘unlimited purism’ and ‘language protection’ are holy commitments.  They wear a blue shirt, a red tie and a characteristic cap, patterned like a viking-helmet with the colors of the Icelandic flag.  Both Icelandic flags are represented because a viking-helmet pattern on a cap always results into an inverted T-shape.  The cap again symbolizes the protection of the language against foreign influence.

==General word-list==

* afn: atom, from 'efni' (matter).
* alsverfir: diamond, from ‘al-‘ (all, pan-) + svarfa (abrade).
* álftarlúður: saxophone, from ‘álft’ (swan) + ‘lúður’ (horn, trumpet).
* ástblóm: rose, from ‘ást’ (love) and ‘blóm’ (flower).
* baðmreyr: bamboo, from ‘baðmur’ (tree) and ‘reyr’ (cane).  Named after the Latin name dendrocalamus (literally: tree-cane).
* barreik: cedar, from ‘barr-‘ (pine-needle) + eik (oak).  The oak (refers to strength) of the conifers.
* baunaystingur: bean-curd (tofu), from ‘baun’ (bean) and ‘ystingur’ (curd).
* birtusteinn: brilliant (diamond), from ‘birta’ (brightness) and ‘steinn’ (stone).  
* bryngálkn: tank, from ‘bryn-‘ (armored) and ‘gálkn’ (monster).  The existing ‘bryndreki’ is a compound with the latinism ‘dreki’.
* Erlendu-brúða: Barbie doll.  The name Barbie is derived from Barbara, which means ‘foreign’ in Greek.
* bláildishvolf: ozonosphere, composed of ‘blár’, blue and ildi, ‘oxygen’ et ‘hvolf’ (sphere).
* blandlauf: lettuce, from ‘blanda’ (mix) and ‘lauf’ (leaf). 
* bleðmisbrot: origami, from ‘bleðmi’ (paper, the word 'blað' integrated in the word 'beðmi' (cellulose).  Paper is almost pure cellulose.) and ‘brot’ (folding).
* blístrabelgur: bagpipes, from ‘blístur’ (High Icelandic word for ‘flute’) + belgur (sac).
* bænahöll: palace of prayer, a cathedral. 
* Brosmærin: Mona Lisa, the ‘smiling maiden'.
* djúpmálning: fresco, from ‘djúpur’ (deep) + ‘málning’ (painting). 
* dreyradraugur: vampire, from ‘dreyri’ (blood (from a wound)) + ‘draugur’ (ghost).  
* dreyradrotting: Bloody Mary cocktail, from ‘dreyri’ (blood from a wound) + drottning (queen).
* dúfuþjónusta: air-mail, from ‘dúfa’ (dove) and ‘þjónusta’ (service).  Named after the first form of airmail.
* efstingi: colonel, derived from the adjective ‘efstur’ (the highest).  The existing Icelandic word is a germanism: ‘ofursti’, derived from German ‘oberst’ (upper, highest). 
* eindla, eindlingur: quark, the word 'eind is derived from 'einn' (one) and is the equivalent of the English 'particle' and the suffix '-on' in names of particles: e.g. róteind (proton, root-particle), nifteind (sister-particle).  The suffix '-la' or '-lingur' is a diminutive prefix. 
* einhnýðingur: dromadare,composed of  ‘einn’ (one) and hnúður (hunch). 
* Eirey: Cyprus, composed of ‘eir’ (copper) and ‘ey’ (island).  The name of the metal was derived from Cyprus.
* eirgyllir: zinc, composed of ‘eir’ (copper) and ‘gyllir’ (goldener). 
* eldvaber: olive, composed of ‘eldvi’ (the High Icelandic word for oil, derived from ‘eldur’ (fire) and ‘vökvi’ (liquid) + ber (berry).
* eyjakirtill, pancreas, from ‘ey’ (island, referring to the islets of Lagerhans) and ‘kirtill’ (gland).
* eyktla: quarter of an hour, from 'eykt' (period of three hours, or the time needed by the hour-hand to cover a quarter of the dial plate) and '-la', a diminutive suffix, because the same quarter is covered by the minute-hand in a quarter of an hour.  The word is shorter than the existing loan-word 'korter'. 
* eyrnaker: amphora, from ‘eyrna-‘ (genitive plural of ‘eyra’ (ear)) + ker (pot).
* fallréttur: perpendicular, from ‘falla’ (fall) and ‘réttur’ (straight).
* fílstrokharpa: double-bass, from ‘fíl’ (elephant) + strokharpa (violin).
* fjórborð: backgammon, from ‘fjórir’ (four) and ‘borð’ (board).  The backgammon board is divided into four parts.
* fjóreind: alpha-particle, from fjórir (four) and ‘eind’ (particle).
* fjörveig: whiskey, from ‘fjör’ (vigor, live) and veig (wine, alcoholic beverage).  The Gaelic name means ‘water of life’.
* flatmót: stencil, from ‘flatur’ (flat) + mót (mold).
* flatverplaborð: domino, from ‘flatverpill’ (domino-stone, from ‘flatur’ (flat) + ‘verpill’ (die)) + borð (board).
* framandloft: xénon, composed of  ‘framand’ (strange) et ‘loft’ (air). 
* frumgormar: DNA, from ‘frum’ (original) + ‘gormar’ (plural of  ‘gormur’ (spiral, helix)).
* freyðikyrgi: cappucchino, composed of the verb ‘freyða’ (foam, lather) and ‘kyrgi’ (The High Icelandic word for ‘coffee’, derived from ‘korgur’ (coffee grounds).
* funafugl: flamingo, from funi (flame) and fugl (bird).
* gatnaferjumaður: gondolier, from ‘gatna’ (genitive plural of ‘gata’ (street)) + ferjumaður (ferryman).
* geimgat: black hole, from 'geimur' (space, universe) and 'gat' (hole). 
* geymslustöpull: silo, from ‘geymsla’ (storage) + ‘stöpull’ (tower).
* ginnungahvellur: Big Bang.  The old prefix 'ginnunga' means both 'big' and 'at the beginning of time' and is one of the most suitable prefix to coin a native Icelandic term for the 'Big Bang'. 
* glaðlauf: chervil, from khairéphyllon, rejoicing leaf.
* gljábeðmi: cellophane, from gljá- (luster) and ‘beðmi’ (cellulose). 
* Gnáfjöll, Gnæfagnípur: Himalayas, composed of ‘gnár’ (surpassing) and ‘fjöll’ (mountains).
* gnálendisjöfur: Dalai Lama, from ‘gnálendi (highest highlands, Tibet) and jöfur (king).
* gnæfingi: giraffe, from 'gnæfur' (jutting out above the rest). 
* grjúpranda: sponge cake, from ‘grjúpur’ (porous) and ‘randa’ (pie). 
* grjúpungur: sponge, from ‘grjúpur’ (porous).
* Guðbrynmey: Jeanne d’Arc, composed of  Guð- (‘God-‘, prefix in Icel. pers. names) + bryn- (‘armored’, prefix in Icel. pers. names) + -mey (‘maiden’, suffix in Icel. fem. pers. names).
* Guðmey: Mary, from 'Guð' (God and prefix in Icelandic proper names) and '–mey' (virgin and suffix in Icelandic proper names).
* Guðshersir: Bishop, from ‘guð’ (god) and ‘hersir’ (a noble-man comparable to a count).
* haðarrúnir: Braille, from 'Höður' (the blind god in Nordic mythology) and 'rún' (rune). 
* háfaðir / hámóðir: abbot / abbess, from hár (high) and ‘faðir / móðir’ (father / mother).  Only a compound with ‘hár’ yields trisyllabic compounds like existing loan-words. Other solutions like ‘ýfirmóðir / systrastýra’ are too long.
* hákóngur: emperor, composed of  ‘hár’ (high) and ‘kóngur’ (king).
* Heimsósæð: Amazone, from ‘heimur’ (world) + ósæð (estuary artery, aorta).
* Helgi Smári: Patrick, from 'Helgi' (proper name meaning ‘holy’) and 'Smári' (an Icelandic proper name meaning ‘clover’).  The clover was the symbol of St Patrick and Ireland.  It symbolized the holy trinity. 
* hetjusæla: héroïne, composed of  ‘hetja’ (héros) and ‘sæla’, a word which is sometimes used as the second element in names of hard drugs, e.g. ‘alsæla’ (XTC).
* Hlautland: Mexico, composed of  ‘hlaut’ (sacrificial blood) and ‘land’ (land, country).
* hljóðla: yodel, from 'hljóða' (cry) with the verbal prefix –la which has a repetitive function and refers to the alternation of high falsetto and low chest notes.
* hljómkvörn: street organ, from ‘hljómur’ (sound, tone) and ‘kvörn’ (grinder).  A street organ is also called ‘grind organ’.
* Hlynland: Canada, from 'hlynur' (maple) and 'land' (country).  The country is named after the maple-leaf in the flag.
* hnossgarn: silk, from ‘hnoss’ (treasure, gem) + ‘garn’ (yarn).
* hvellrisi: supernova, from hvellur (bang) and ‘risi’ (giant, giant star).
* hættuhjól: roulette, from ‘hætta’ (risk) + hjól (wheel).
* Ilbláland: south africa, composed of Il- (sole) and ‘Bláland’ (Africa or Ethiopia).
* jarlsteinn: corundum (also sapphire), from ‘jarl’ (earl, the second after the king in medieval Scandinavia) + steinn (stone).
* kjálkagálkn: crocodile, from 'kjálki' (jaw) and 'gálkn' (monster).  The crocodile has the strongest jaws of all living carnivores and its distant ancestor, deinosuchus had the strongest jaws of any animal known to science regardless of time period.  The word has an internal rhyme.  Other High Icelandic synonyms are 'brynmerill' (from 'bryn-', armor and 'merill', from 'mara', float just under the water-surface), 'bakkaskrímsl' (from 'bakki', bank (of a river) and 'skrímsl' (monster)), 'nykureðla' (from 'nykur', hippopotamus and 'eðla', lizard).
* knattblekungur: ballpoint, composed of ‘knöttur’ (ball) and ‘blek’ (ink) + suffix ‘-ungur’.
* Njóla og Dagbjartur: Yin and Yang.  The feminine personal name ‘Njóla’ means ‘night’ and masculine personal name ‘Dagbjartur’ means ‘brightness of day’.
* kóngaborð: chess, from 'kóngur' (king) and 'borð' (board).
* kóngssteinn: diamond, from ‘kóngur’ (king) + steinn (stone).
* kroprann: mosque, derived from the verb ‘krjúpa’ (kneel).  The second element ‘rann’ is an old word for ‘house’. 
* kyrgisbeiskja: caffeine, from ‘kyrgi’ (coffee, derived from ‘korgur’) and ‘beiskja’ (bitter, alkaloid).
* kæliblöðungur: peppermint, composed of the verb ‘kæla’ (cool, refresh) and ‘blöðungur’, derived from ‘blað’ (leaf).
* Langahaf: atlantic Ocean, composed of ‘langur’ (long) and ‘haf’ (sea).  The atlantic is the longest sea.
* laufsoð: tea, from ‘lauf’ (leaves) + soð (broth).
* leggskó: boot, from ‘leggur’ (leg) + ‘skór’ (shoe).
* lífssáld: natural selection, from ‘líf’ (life) and ‘sáld’ (sieve).  Natural selection is ofter compared to an imaginary ‘sieve’.
* líft: oxygen, the word ‘líf’ integrated in ‘loft’ (air).  The name originates from the term ‘vital air’, a word coined by the British chemist Robert Boyle. 
* limskylmingar: karate, from limur (limb) and ‘skylmingar’ (fencing).  The use of these two words is an alternative way to express meaning of the japanese word: ‘art of the empty (unarmed) hand’.
* lofsveigur: laurel wreath.  From ‘lof’ (praise) and ‘sveigur’ (wretah). 
* lofviður: laurel, composed of ‘lof’ (praise) and ‘viður’ (tree, wood).  
* Miðvesturfljót: The Midwest River, the Mississippi.
* mjólkurbaun: soybean, from ‘mjólk’ (milk) + ‘baun’ (bean).
* mjólkurhnot (or ‘loðhnot’): coconut, from ‘mjólk’ (milk) and ‘hnot’ (nut) or ‘loð’ (hair, fur) and ‘hnot’ (nut).  The compound ‘coconut milk’ translates as ‘hnotumjólk’ or ‘loðhnotumjólk’.
* mógætisranda: chocolate pie, from ‘mógæti’ (chocolate) and ‘randa’ (the purely icelandic word for ‘pie’).
* Morguneyjar: The Morning-Islands, Japan.
* mundhemill: hand brake, from ‘mund’ (old word for hand) + hemill (brake).
* Múspellsmilska: Molotov cocktail.  The word 'milska' designated a mixture of mead and beer in Old Icelandic and is the most suitable word for 'cocktail'.  The prefix 'Múspell' refers to 'Múspellsheimur', the burning world of 'Surtr', the fire-giant.
* námshöll: university, from ‘nám’ (study) and ‘höll’ (palace).  The word is an extrapolation of ‘námshús’ (school).
* netskeyti: e-mail, from ‘net’ (net) and ‘skeyti’ (telegram, fast message).
* niftungur: beta-particle, derived from 'nifteind' (neutron).
* nýgarn: nylon, because it was the first truly synthetic fiber, developed in the modern (&quot;NÝtísku&quot;) age.
* Nykrafljót: river of hippopotamuses, the Nile.
* orðaborð: scrabble, from ‘orða-‘ (genitive plural of ‘orð’) + ‘borð’ (board).
* rákakóngur: tiger, from 'rák' (stripe) and 'kóngur' (king). 
* ratstrákur, rati: boy scout, from ‘rata’ (find one’s way, compare ‘path-finder’) + strákur (boy).
* rauðgulur: orange, from ‘rauður’ (yellow) + ‘gulur’ (yellow).
* Rauðheimur: Mars, from  ‘rauður’ (red) and ‘heimur’ (world).
* rauðuþeyti: mayonaise, from ‘rauða’ (yolk) and ‘þeyti’ (emulsion).
* reiðherji: knight, from ‘reið-‘ (riding) + herji (warrior).
* (reyk)horn: (smoking-) pipe, from ‘reykur’ (smoke) and ‘horn’ (horn).
* reyklauf: tobacco, a loan-translation of the Tamil compound: ‘pugaiyilai’, which consists of ‘pugai’ (smoke) and ‘ilai’ (leaf).
* reyksæla: nicotine, from 'reykur' (smoke) and 'sæla' (happiness, bliss; the word is used in names for different drugs, e.g alsæla (extacy).
* reyrandi: rhum, from ‘reyr’ (cane) and ‘andi’ (spirit, compare ‘vínandi’ (alcohol)).
* Roðlandur: Brazil, from ‘roða’ (redden) and ‘land’ (country).  Brazil is derived from Portuguese brasil, meaning ember-colored.
* Roðaborg: Brasilia, from ‘roða’ (redden) and ‘borg’ (town).
* sandblómsfræ: sesame-seed.  The Icelandic name for plants in the sesame family is ‘sandblómaætt’ (Íslenskar lækningajurtir 1992)
* sálstafur: Psi, from ‘sál’ (psyche) and ‘stafur’ (letter).
* sigðir: scimitar.  This old icelandic word means ‘sword’ and was derived from ‘sigð’ (sickle)
* sjáaldursbeiskja: atropine, from ‘sjáaldursjurt’ (atropos belladona, so-named because atropin widens the pupils) and 'beiskja' (from beiskjuefni, alkaloid)
* Sjöhæðir: 'Seven-Hills', Rome.
* skálpeldur: mustard, composed of ‘skálpur’ (siliqua, a term used for the typical bean-pod of plants in the Brassica family) and ‘eldur’ (fire).
* skítskeyti: spam, from ‘skít’ (shit) and ‘skeyti’ (telegram, fast message).
* skotmjöl: gun-powder, from ‘skot-‘ (shooting) + mjöl (flour).
* skyppill: kangaroo, from the verb ‘skoppa’.  The word sounds like ‘skippy’, the nick-name of the kagaroo, but is a purely Icelandic word.
* Smáraey: Ireland, from ‘smári’ (clover) + ‘ey, eyja’ (island).
* snæverji (also ‘nyrstingi’ and ‘Eiríks-Lappi’): eskimo, from ‘snær’ (snow) and ‘-verji’ (suffix in names of people).
* sómaherji: honorable warrior, a samurai.
* spjaldaleikur: card-game, from ‘spjald’ (card) + leikur (game).
* spjaldefni: cardboard, from ‘spjald’ (card) + ‘efni’ (matter).
* sprettvagn: sportscar, from ‘sprettur’ (sprint, burst of energy) + vagn (cart, but sometimes used in the meaning of ‘car’).
* stálmannsstefna: stalinism.  The name Stalin means ‘man of steel’ (Icelandic: stálmaður, stálmanns- in compounds).
* strirningur: Pound Sterling.  The English ‘sterling’ is a diminutive of ‘star’, like ‘stirningur’ in Icelandic.
* stundsjá: clock, from stund (hour, moment) and sjá (-scope).
* suðstrengjungur: sitar (Indian instrument), from ‘suða’ (hum) + ‘strengur’ (string).
* surtsblóð: tabasco, from ‘Surtr’ (fire-giant of Múspellsheimr) and ‘blóð’ (blood).
* Systurvetrarbrautin: Andromeda Nebula, from ‘systur’ (sister) et ‘vetrarbraut’ (galaxy).
* sætungur: sugar, from ‘sætur’ (sweet).
* Þakland: 'roof-land', Tibet
* Þorrifljót: Rio de Janeiro, from ‘þorri’ (January) and ‘fljót’ (river)
* tíðniafstæði: Doppler effect, from 'tíðni' (frequency) and 'afstæði' (relativity).  Alternatively the Doppler-effect could be called ‘frequency-relativity’.
* toglúður: trombone, from ‘toga‘ (pull) and ‘lúður’ (horn, trumpet).
* tyngla: uvala, diminutive from ‘tunga’ (tongue).  
* töggur: caramel (old neologism).
* úlnungur: wrist-watch, from ‘úln’ in ‘úlnliður’.
* vandsveinn: fascist, the same word is used for a lictor, a Roman official who bore an ax and fasces or rods, as ensigns of his office.
* vélag: sect, the word ‘vé’ (sanctuary) integrated in the word ‘félag’ (society).
* veltafugl: dodo, from Dutch walgfogel, from ‘velta’ (wallow) and ‘fugl’ (fowl).
* Verblaka: Batman, from ‘ver’ (man) and ‘-blaka’ used in names of different bat-species (leðurblökur).
* verhafur (but also ‘klaufvættur’ and ‘bósapúki): satyr, from ‘ver’ (man) and ‘hafur’ (buck).
* verulíki: virtual reality.  The ending ‘-leiki’ in  ‘veruleiki’ (reality) is replaced by ‘líki’ which is equivalent with English suffix ‘-oid’.
* Vindís: Venus.  The Icelandic ‘vinur’ and Latin ‘Venus’ are related.  
* vængálfur: angel, from ‘vængur’ (wing) and ‘álfur’ (elf).
* yrmildi: caterpillar, the word ‘ormur’ (worm) molded after ‘fiðrildi’ (butterfly).
* ýborð: go (chinese board-game), from ‘ýr’ (yew) and ‘borð’ (board).  Traditional go-boards are made from the Japanese nut-yew.
* ýtglíma: sumo, from ‘ýta’ (push, shove, thrust) + glíma (wrestling).
* þengisblár: violet, from ‘þengi’ (iodine) and ‘blár’ (blue).
* þjálefni: plactic, from ‘þjall’ (flexible) and ‘efni’ (matter)
* þjóðherji: nazi.  In this construction, the suffix ‘herji-‘ (militant) replances the suffix –verji in ‘þjóðverji’ (German).  The first element ‘þjóð’ also means ‘nation’.
* Þurrgarður: Sahara, comosed of ‘þurr’ (sec, aride) and ‘garður’ in the old meaning of ‘world’ (e.g.  ‘Miðgarðr’). 
* öskungur: human being, from Askur, name of the first man in Nordic mythology.
* ökvi: gasoline (vökvi (liquid) + öku- (driving)

==English - High Icelandic names of the chemical elements==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%;&quot;
|- 
|align=center colspan=5|'''Names of  the chemical elements'''
|- 
|| English || High Icelandic || explanation 
|-
|| actinium || hnossarblý || The daughter of protactinium (freyjublý, because it has properties of elements of the vanadium group (freyjujárn) and because it ends as lead. Hnoss was the daughter of Freyja.
 |-
|| aluminum || leirstál || Aluminum is the metal in ‘clay’. This idea was once expressed in nowadays obsolete terms like the 18th century Swedish ‘lerjord’ (literally ‘clay-earth’ but designating ‘alum-earth’) or the Dutch expression ‘het zilver in klei’ (the silver in clay). These references to ‘clay’ exist even in present day-nomenclatures. An example of this is the Polish word for aluminum ‘glin’,which derives from ‘glina’ (clay). In Icelandic we can found a term upon the same idea: ‘leirmálmur’. 
|-
|| americium || heimríkisblý || The continent is named after Amerigo Vespucci.  The name amerigio is the early-medieval Italian form of the German name &quot;Heinrich&quot; (earlier: &quot;Heimerich&quot; from: Old German heim = &quot;home, estate&quot; + Old German ric = &quot;force, power, government&quot;). The truly Icelandic name of America is HEIMRÍKI. 
|-
|| antimony || hvarmtin || ‘Eye-lid tin’. The term ‘kohl’ (antimony trisulfide), is a Semitic word used in early Biblical references and is the Arabic word for antimony sulfide, a fine cosmetic powder, used as eye make-up by women of the Middle East. In such countries as India and Yemen, they even went so far as to throw the powder directly into their eyes to increase their brilliance or sparkle. The word ‘surma’, which denotes the same product has become the name for antimony in most Altaic and some slavic languages. The native Mongolian term for this element ‘budag’ also means ‘eye-pigment’.
|-
|| - || stafmálmungur || The metalloid in type-metal.
|-
|| argon || letiloft || from the Greek 'a-, (negative prefix) and 'ergo' (working), the lazy gas)
 |-
|| arsenic || vomálmungur || The metalloid historically known for its deadly poisons. Although selenium and tellurium form exceedingly toxic compounds, it is arsenic that will always be associated with its killing properties, due to the classical reputation of its deadly toxic minerals. 
|-
|| astatine || stundarsöltungur, valtsöltungur || The instable halogen. 
|-
|| barium || þungjörðungur || The metal in ‘heavy earth’. The term ‘heavy earth’(þungjörð) was used for barium oxide.). Examples in other languages: Old Dutch ‘zwaaraarde-metaal’ (heavy-earth metal) 
|-
|| berkelium || birkilóarblý || ‘Birkiló’ is the Icelandic etymological equivalent of ‘Berkeley’
 |-
|| beryllium || sætumálmur || The former name of Beryllium is glucinum, from Greek glykos ‘sweet’.  Beryllium salts have a sweet taste.
|-
|| bismuth || ísblý || Very unusual (and very useful) is the fact that solid bismuth has a lower specific gravity as liquid bismuth. So solid bismuth floats on its own melt like ice on water and expands when crystallizing.). This effect is furthermore only known from water(ice), gallium and germanium. 
|-
|| boron || harðmelmingur || Boron is the hardest metalloid.
 |-
|| bromine || rokroði || volatile redness 
|-
|| cadmium || eitursilfur || The very poisonous metal in the neighbourhood of silver. 
|-
|| calcium || beinmálmur || Calcium is situated on the same period as iron so the rules of cross-wise positioning aren’t broken. In Icelandic ‘KELKI’, an i-shift derivation of ‘KALK’ is possible. 
|-
|| californium || gullríkisblý || The element was named after the nick-name of California: The 'golden' or 'gold' state. It was named after the great gold rush. 
|-
|| carbon || kolefni || existing name 
|-
|| cerium || þórstin || The lighter brother of ‘þórsblý’ (Thorium), which is also, like ‘tin’ tetravalent. 
|-
|| cesium || andgull || When free from surface contamination, the metals Li, Na, K and Rb are silver-bright and lustrous. Cesium, however, is PALE GOLD in color in both solid and liquid states. Because cesium is an incredible reactive metal, it was believed to be always contaminated by oxygen. Only recent techniques of purification proved its genuine golden color. Many reference works, who mentioned cesium as a ‘silvery-white’ metallic element, are beginning to correct this mistake. The most unnoble metal has the same color as the (only symbolically) noblest metal.
|-
|| chlorine || selti  || In Europe the term ‘halogen’ (salt-builder) has once been taken under consideration as a name for chlorine for it was the single known member of the halogen series. In some eastern countries like Japan, chemists preferred to derive the element’s name from ‘salt’, which in its original meaning stood for the chlorine-containing NaCl compound, rather than referring to the color, which underlay the creation of the Western term: en-so. The old Czech name for chlorine was ‘solík’, derived from ‘s?l‘ (salt). In Icelandic, related words are often differentiated (in the root syllable) by the i-shift. Some names of elements are i-shift derivations of names of their chief sources: e.g. ‘loft’ (air) became ‘lyfti’ (nitrogen), eldur (fire) has been converted into ‘ildi’ (oxygen) and from ‘vatn’, the equivalent for hydrogen ‘vetni’ was derived. Analogous to these examples ‘selti’ would be the name for chlorine. 
|-
|| || bleikiloft || This term refers to the bleaching properties of elemental chlorine and its compounds. The name of the preceding element ‘brennisteinn’ served as a model for the coining of this neologism. The first part of the compound is a verbal derivation, designating a characteristic property (brenni, bleiki), the second part is a noun, referring to the state of aggregation of the element (steinn, loft). The word is based on the old Hungarian name ‘halvany’, derived from ‘halványit’ (to take the color out of, to bleach).
|-
|| || gallreykur || Although an alkaline substance, bile has some characteristics in common with chlorine. It has a greenish-yellow color and has corrosive properties. There’s also an etymological connection. The Greek translation of bile (khole) is related to ‘khlorós’ (greenish-yellow), which is the root of the name ‘chlorine’. 
|-
|| chromium || brynskin || Armor-shine. A metal known for its high luster. It is the hardest of all metals. It equals corundum in hardness (9 on Mohs’scale). 
|-
|| cobalt || fjörvamálmur || The only metallic element found in a vitamin (B12) 
|-
|| copper || eir|| The existing name.  The synonym ‘kopar’ is foreign and can’t exist in High Icelandic. 
|-
|| curium Cm || miðkjarngull || The central ‘nuclear gold’.  Curium is the central element in the actinide series. 
|-
|| dysprosium || torfenginmálmur || Dysprosium comes from Greek ‘dysprositos’ and means ‘hard to get at’ was discovered in 1886 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran. The name is based on the difficultness of separation of the element. Neither the oxide nor the metal was available in relatively pure form until the 1950s following the development of ion-exchange separation and metallographic reduction techniques. The Greek prefix ‘dys-‘ is related to Icelandic ‘tor-‘.
|-
|| einsteinium || albjartsblý || albjartur, aðalbjartur = Albert Einstein. 
|-
|| erbium || ???? || This element is for the time being untranslatable. 
|-
|| europium || kvöldlandsefni|| 
|-
|| fermium ||efni hundrað || Fermium is the hundredth element 
|-
|| fluorine || átloft || Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is the most reactive and electronegative of all the elements and reacts with practically all substances. 
|-
|| francium || stundarmálmur || named after stundarsöltungur At, which is the daughter-product of 'francium'. Francium is the most unstable of the first 101 elements. 
|-
|| gadolinium || leyndarjárn || Gadolinium is unique in being ferromagnetic up to room temperature. No other chemical elements except iron, cobalt and nickel are ferromagnetic. 
|-
|| gallium || ísmálmur || Gallium exhibits the unique property of melting at an ordinary temperature (29°C) and the liquid metal can exist in the supercooled state at a temperature as low as 0°C. The metal expands on solidifying like ice. As a consequence, solid gallium floats on its own melt like ice on water and expands when crystallizing. It shares this property only with two other metals (bismuth and germanium). At extremely high levels of purity, the metal takes on a glassy white appearance. In earthly temperate environments gallium is, like ice, a thawing substance. 
|-
|| germanium || hálftin || The prefix ‘hálf’ refers on the one hand to the semimetallic properties of germanium and on the other to its being situated exactly in the middle between silicon and tin. In this latter sense the prefix is used in the same way as someone in his semitwenties is called ‘hálfþrítugur’. 
|-
|| gold || gull || the existing name 
|-
|| hafnium || hliðarblý || 
|-
|| hahnium || hanaefni || The German name ‘hahn’ means ‘cock’ 
|-
|| helium || kóngsloft || The three heavier noble gases can be converted into fluorides, argon into insertion compounds, but not helium or neon. But a few insertion compounds are now predicted for helium. If confirmed by experiments, this will end the chemical nobility of helium leaving neon as the only inert element. It is the second noblest of the noble gases, the royal gas (kóngaloft). The use of ‘king’ as a superlative of ‘noble’ isn’t unprecedented in the chemical nomenclature. Think of aqua regia, royal water (kóngavatn). The latter substance was so named by the alchemists because it dissolves gold and platinum, at that time called ‘the royal metals’. Another characteristic of helium is its nuclear stability. The most abundant isotope He 4 has magic numbers for protons and neutrons. The only other gas possessing this property is oxygen (O-16), but this element is most unnoble in chemical respect. Helium is a royal gas both in its chemical and nuclear properties. The Dutch dictionary mentions the synonym ‘zonnegas’ (sólarloft), a native equivalent of the standard term. It is true that most of the helium in our solar system is found in the sun’s interior, but hydrogen is still the most abundant solar gas. 
|-
|| holmium || hólmefni || 
|-
|| hydrogen || vetni, frumloft || existing name 
|-
|| indium || skræksilfur || Indium and tin produce the so-called tin-cry if a bar of the pure metal is bent. Indium is situated more closely to silver than is tin. 
|-
|| iodine || þengi || The old Czech name of the element was ‘chaluzík’, derived from ‘chaluha’ (sea-weed). We can also refer to the original source of iodine, the seaweeds, from which it has been recovered on a commercial scale for a long time: ‘þengi’. 
|-
|| iridium || litagull || Because of the variety of its colors, the metal was called after Iris, the godess of the rainbow. We can use ‘gull’ because the metal is known as a silvery white metal but with a yellowish cast. 
|-
|| iron || járn || 
|- 
|| krypton || stikuloft || because The SI standard definition of the length of the meter was based on a certain amount of wavelengths of the orange-red emission line emitted by krypton-86 atoms. 
|-
||lanthanum || leyndarmálmur || The icelandic name means ‘secret metals’, which is close enough to the idea expressed by the word lanthanein (to be conceiled, which is the origin of ‘lanthanum’. 
|-
|| lead || blý, sakk || from ‘sakka’, (sinker, which were originally made of ‘lead’ 
|-
|| lithium || sálmálmur || The best-known metallic element in psychopharmaceuticals. 
|-
|| lutetium||  leðjuhólmsefni || Lutatia means ‘mud-hovels’, from ‘lutum’ (mud), ancient name of Paris. The Romans call it ‘Lutetia’ Parisiorum, the mud-town of the Parisii, lying on the ‘île de la cité’ (These kind of islands are called ‘hólmur’ in Icelandic. 
|-
|| magnesium || klémálmur || Soapstone, the most abundant magnesium compound is often used in ‘kljásteinn’, also called ‘kljár’ or ‘klé). Soapstone is also called ‘kléberg’ in Icelandic. In Icelandic, the derivation ‘TELKI’ from ‘TALK’ is possible. 
|-
|| manganese || valjárn || Because manganese ores were confounded with magnetic iron ores. 
|-
|| mendelevium || mundilleifsblý || Mendeleev means ‘descendent of Mendel’. In German the name ‘Mendelsohn’ is the Germanic equivalent of the Russian name. Mendel is a Yiddish pet form of ‘Menahem’, which means ‘ comforter’ in Hebrew. The closed Icelandic name that sounds alike is ‘Mundill’, mentioned in the orðsifjabók. It is the name of a sea-king. It also exists as the first member in the mythological name Mundilfari. The Russian ‘-ev’ ending means the same as ‘-son’ in Icelandic patronymic names. The suffix ‘leifur in proper names means ‘descendant of’ and is semanticly similar with the ‘ev’ ending. The name Mendeleev (German spelling ‘Mendelejeff’) in High Icelandic is MUNDILLEIFUR (descendant of Mundill (Mendel)). 
|-
|| mercury || flotmálmur || kvikasilfur is a loan-translation 
|-
|| molybdenum || lífssilfur || Molybdenium is the only element on the period of silver that has a biological function. 
|-
|| neodymium || nýtvíburamálmur || Didymia is sometimes called the ‘twin earth’. It consists of ‘praseodymia’, which means ‘leek green twin earth’ and ‘neodymia’ (new twin earth). Neodymium is the most abundant metal in dydymium. For that reason we call neodymium the ‘new twin earth metal’ 
|-
|| neon || glóloft || Coined after the Maori word ‘haukura’ (hau = air, gas + kura (red glowing). The brightness of the discharge of neon is the most intense of all noble gases. In Icelandic the reddish-orange color can be translated by ‘gló-‘. It is the only totally inert element and the most noble element of the periodic table.
|-
|| neptunium || njarðarblý || named after the star Neptune, Njörð 
|-
|| nickel || hvíteir || Nickel is situated left of copper. The resemblance between the most important ore of nickel (niccolite, kupfernickel) and copper-ore is so striking that both minerals were more than often confused. The clearest point of distinction between the pure metals is of course the color. The latter is silvery-white, while copper has a reddish-brown color. Two periods up in the same series we encounter a similar case: platinum, a white metal that precedes the lustrous yellow gold. In many languages, also in Icelandic, the name for platinum was found upon its color, differing from the neighboring gold (hvítagull, white gold). In the same way, nickel could be designated as ‘hvíteir’ (white copper). 
|-
|| niobium || freyjusilfur || The heavier brother of ‘Freyjujárn’ on the period of silver. 
|-
|| nitrogen || hyldi, lyfti|| existing names 
|-
|| nobelium || elfráðsblý || Alfred’s lead 
|-
|| osmium || þefmálmur || The stinking metal. Of the platinum metals, osmium is the most rapidly attacked by air. The powdered metal, even at room temperature, exudes the characteristic odor of the poisonous, volatile tetroxide. 
|-
|| oxygen || ildi || The gas that make things burn. The word is derived from ‘eldur’ (fire). 
|-
|| || líft || Icelandic ‘loft’   + ‘líf’.  A calque of the 18th century term of the English chemist Robert Boyle: ‘vital air’. 
|-
|| palladium || gleypisilfur || sometimes called ‘metal sponge’ because the metal can absorb up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen. 
|-
|| phosphorus || hélog || After the first name 'aerial noctiluca', coined by the British chemist Robert Boyle.  Noctiluca was named ‘hélog’ in the 19th century but the term became obsolete.  In High Icelandic it is revived in the meaning of phosphorus. 
|-
|| platinum || hvítagull || existing name 
|-
|| plutonium || heljarblý || Named after the Nordic equivalent of the name Pluto 
|-
|| - || kjarngull || Substances, valuable to men are often compared to gold as appears from some alternative designations: e.g. the black gold (coal), the liquid gold (gasoline), the soft gold (fur) and so on. This way of name-giving is also applicable to plutonium for it was the first and still is the most important element used in nuclear power industry. Uranium was known before people knew about its fissionability. 
|-
|| polonium || múspellsblý || The lead in the group of ildi, brennisteinn (surtsgull), the “elements of fire”. 
|-
|| potassium || andeir || the unnoble metal in group 1A on the same period as copper, which is situated in group 1B, compare andsilfur (rubidium) and andgull (cesium). 
|-
|| praseaodymium || grænburumálmur || The lanthanide in the leek-green earth, also sometimes called ‘green twin earth’): grænburajörð (praseodymium). 
|-
|| promethium || eldþjófsmálmur || Promethium stole the fire of the gods. 
|-
|| protactinium || freyjublý || The element that desintegrates into lead which has the properties of elements in the Vanadium group (freyjujárnsflokkur). 
|-
|| radium || magnablý || Radium-isotopes are mostly alpha-decay products of Thorium-isotopes. Magni was the first son of Thor. He inherited Mjölnir. 
|-
|| radon || geislaloft || radon = magnaloft (see ‘radium’), thoron = þórsloft (see ‘thorium’), actinon = hnossarloft (see ‘actinium’). 
|-
|| rhenium || rínefni || 
|-
|| rhodium || góðsilfur || The noblest metal on the period of silver. Rhodium has been used for honors, or to symbolize wealth, when more commonly used metals such as silver, gold, or platinum are deemed insufficient. In 1979 the Guinness Book of World Records gave Paul McCartney a rhodium-plated disc for being history's all-time best-selling songwriter and recording artist. Guinness has also noted items such as the world's &quot;Most Expensive Pen&quot; or &quot;Most Expensive Board Game&quot; as containing rhodium. 
|-
|| rubidium || andsilfur || The unnoble, alkali counterpart of silveron the same period but in the A series. 
|-
|| ruthenium || ofurjárn || super-iron 
|-
|| rutherfordium || nýhlíðarmálmur || The new transition metal 
|-
|| samarium || efstingjamálmur || named after a mineral Samarskite, which was named in the honor of COLONEL samarski. 
|-
|| Scandium || þorþveitarjárn || the mineral thortveitite  is the primary source of scandium. It was named after Olaus Thortveit (Icelandic: Þortveit).  The element belongs to the iron-group of transition elements. 
|-
|| Seaborgium || ofurtorsoði || super-, or eka-tungsten 
|-
|| selenium || rætlumelmingur || radish-metalloid. Selenium and selenides are detected by heating the powdered mineral on charcoal and are detected by a very pronounced smell described as radishes or rotting radishes. The element also occurs in radishes to a significant extent. The Old Hungarian name for Selenium is ‘reteny’ derived from ‘retek’ (radish). The Icelandic ‘rætla’is the purely Icelandic equivalent of ‘hreðka’ and ‘radísa’. 
|-
|| silicon || sandkol, sendi || the carbon in sand (silicon dioxide). 
|-
|| silver || silfur || existing name 
|-
|| sodium || sæmálmur || The terms ‘muriatic acid’ and ‘marine acid’ were synonymous terms for what is now called ‘hydrochloric acid’, thus signifying its relation to the sodium contained in brine (Latin: muria) or sea (Latin: mare). Since sodium is the most abundant metallic element in sea water we could refer to it as the ‘marine metal’ (sæmálmur). An example of the use of this particular compound is Maori: ‘konutae’ (sea-metal, konu-, prefix denoting a natural metal, tae, sea. 
|-
|| strontium || beinsilfur || The bone-metal on the period of silver. 
|-
|| sulfur, brimstone || brennisteinn || existing name 
|-
|| || surtsgull || The gold of Surtr, the fire giant 
|-
|| tantalum || þorstmálmur || The oxide Ta2O5 is insoluble in acid, and was unable, just as the mythological Tantalos in the Hades, &quot;to quench his thirst&quot;. 
|-
|| technetium || gervisilfur || The artificial element on the same period as silver. 
|-
|| tellurium || múspellstin || The prefix ‘Múspells-‘ is used for elements of the chalcogen familily. The chalcogens are ‘the elements of fire’. Fluorine and Chlorine are more aggressive, but they are much rarer than their periodical predecessors. They could never have become the large part of a breathable atmosphere on a planet. So it was oxygen that was named after ‘fire’ instead of F and Cl. This is visible in the names ‘ildi’ (oxygen, the element that eables burning), ‘brennistein’ or ‘surtsgull’ (sulfur), the fire-colored burning element, which was considered to be earthy equivalent of fire in Alchemy.
|-
||- || kóngsmálmungur || Gold has for some reason a special affinity for tellurium. The most abundant gold-compounds found in nature are the various tellurides of which calaverite is the most important. For that reason tellurium is called ‘kóngsmálmungur’ (compare: Aqua regia (king's water) was named after its property to dissolve gold, the king of metals) 
|-
|| terbium || mógætisjörðungur || Its oxides (earths) are chocolate in color. chocolate = mógæti. 
|-
|| thallium || linblý || Thallium is always described as resembling soft lead. I can’t imagine a better description for this element. In the neighbourhood of lead on the periodic table only one applies to the description ‘soft lead’: thallium. 
|-
|| thorium || þórsblý || Named after the minerals thorite and thorianite. 
|-
|| thulium || nyrstingjamálmur || nyrstingar = the northernmost people 
|-
|| tin || tin || existing name 
|-
|| titanium || léttjárn || The light metal on the iron-group of transition elements.  Scandium rather belongs to the so-called rare-earth elements. 
|-
|| tungsten || torsoði || Tunsten has the highest boiling point (5660°C) of all substances). The Icelandic ‘wolfram’ is a foreignism and ‘þungsteinn’ is a loan-word from Swedish. 
|-
|| uranium || áablý || Metallic element having the two heaviest of the three so-called parent isotopes, which could also be called forefathers in the radioactive series. I used the term ‘áablý’ (forefather lead) because the planet-name Uranus, from which the name of the element is derived, was originally the name of the forefather of all Greek gods. 
|-
|| vanadium || freyjujárn || The name originates from ‘Vanadís’(the fairy of the Vanir), which was a nick-name of the godess Freyja. 
|-
|| xenon || framandloft || from Greek 'xeno', strange 
|-
|| ytterbium || ytribæjungur || The name Ytterby is composed from ytter = outer (Icelandic ‘ytri’), and by = village (Icelandic ‘bær’, genitive ‘bæjar’), and means ‘outer village’. 
|-
|| yttrium || leyndarsilfur || The brother of lanthanum (leyndarmálmur) on the period of silver. 
|-
|| zink || eirgyllir || In 1677, a chemist called Kunckelin pronounced that cadmia (zinc ore) is a metallic calx and that it gives the copper a golden-yellow copper by giving its metal up to it. Zinc is the ‘golden-yellow-maker’ of copper. 
|-
|| zirconium || hliðartin, tinfrændi || The equivalent of tin in the group of transition elements 
|}

==Native names of large numerals==

* miklund: million.  From 'mikil-hund-rað'.  The adjective 'mikill' is a translation of Greek 'megas', which is the Greek etymological and semantical equivalent.
* þursund: billion.  From 'þurs-hund-rað'.  The word 'þurs' means 'giant' and is a translation of 'giga-' (which is related to English 'giant'.)

The names of the following three magnitudes of thousand are coined by employing 'þús-' (from þúsund, denoting a thousand units) and 'þurs-' (from þursund, denoting a billion units): þús-þursund (thousand times a billion), þurs-miklund (A billion times a million) and þurs-þursund (a billion times a billion). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%;&quot;
|- 
|align=center colspan=5|'''Names of large numbers'''
|- 
|10&lt;sup&gt;x&lt;/sup&gt; || High Icelandic system || Icelandic system || American system 
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; || þúsund || þúsund || thousand
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;|| miklund (mikill, mégas) || milljón || million
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;|| þursund (þurs, gigas) || milljarður || billion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;|| þúsþursund || billjón || trillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;|| þursmiklund || billjarður || quadrillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;|| þursþursund || trilljón || quintillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;21&lt;/sup&gt;|| sjömælt þúsund || trilljarður || sixtillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;24&lt;/sup&gt;|| áttmælt þúsund || kvaðrilljón || septillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;27&lt;/sup&gt;|| nímælt þúsund || kvaðrilljarður || octillion
|-
|10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt;|| tímælt þúsund || kvintilljón || nonillion
|}


For numbers larger than 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; the formula 'X-mælt þúsund' is employed.  The origin of this method can be found in the Íslensk Orðsifjabók (Icelandic etymological dictionary), where the entry 'kvinkvilljón' (10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt;) is explained as 'fimmmælt milljón'.

{{Shelves|Constructed languages}}
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{{Scandinavian languages}}</text>
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    <title>Cookbook:Dirt Pudding</title>
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      <id>4448950</id>
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      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
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| Category = Pudding recipes
| Time = 1 hour
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{recipe}}

'''Dirt pudding''' is a [[Cookbook:Dessert|dessert]] creation consisting primarily of [[cookbook:pudding|pudding]] ([[cookbook:vanilla|vanilla]] or [[cookbook:chocolate|chocolate]]) and Oreo cookies, with some recipes including gummy worms. This quick and easy dessert can be made in less than five minutes and is ready to eat in about one hour.

== Ingredients ==

* 3½ [[Cookbook:Cup|cups]] (840 [[Cookbook:Milliliter|ml]]) cold [[cookbook:milk|milk]]
* 2 pkgs. (4 serving size) vanilla instant pudding
* 1 tub (12 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]] / 320 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]]) frozen [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]], thawed
* 1 pkg (16 oz / 450 g) chocolate [[Cookbook:Sandwich Cookie|sandwich cookies]]

== Procedure ==

# Crush cookies in zipper-style plastic bag with a [[Cookbook:Rolling Pin|rolling pin]] or in [[Cookbook:Food Processor|food processor]].
# Make the pudding as directed on the package using the milk; let stand 5 minutes.
# Stir 3 cups of the whipped topping and half of the crushed cookies into the pudding OR alternate layers of crushed cookies and pudding/whipped topping.
# Spoon mixture it into any bowl or dish of your choice.
# Sprinkle the top with the remaining crushed cookies. Refrigerate for 1 hour.

[[category:Pudding recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Chocolate recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Recipes with metric units|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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== Aliasing ==

If a sampler is only reading in values at particular times, it can become confused if the input frequency is too fast. The resulting problem is called '''Aliasing''', and is a major factor in Sampler design.

;Aliasing:When the input signal frequency is faster than half the sampling frequency, the sampled result will appear to be a low-frequency wave.

[[File:AliasingSines.svg|center]]

In the image above, the black dots are the sampling points, and the red sinusoid is the input waveform. Notice that since the sampler is sampling so slowly, the output appears to be the blue waveform, which is slower.

== Nyquist Sampling Rate ==

To avoid the problem of aliasing, the '''Nyquist Sampling Rate''' should be considered the slowest possible sampling rate. Any slower than the nyquist sampling rate, and the sampler is in danger of producing an aliased signal.

;Nyquist Sampling Rate:The nyquist sampling rate is two times the highest frequency of the input signal.

For instance, if the input signal has a high-frequency component of 1&amp;nbsp;kHz, then the sampler must sample &lt;em&gt;at least&lt;/em&gt; 2&amp;nbsp;kHz, or the signal might alias. However, if the sampler happens to sample the waveform exactly at the places where it crosses the zero line, it will appear like there is zero signal. Therefore, the nyquist sampling rate is a bare minimum, and it is recommended that samplers sample much faster than the minimum. For instance, one common guideline&lt;!--{{which|date=April 2022}}. Template does not exist--&gt; recommends sampling at least 10 times faster than the input signal.

When designing a system, there are 2 ways to prevent ultrasonic sounds (or other unwanted high-frequency noise) from aliasing to a lower frequency, becoming audible noise:
* Adjust the capacitors or other components of the anti-aliasing filter so it blocks all frequencies more than half the sampling rate.
* Adjust the sampling rate to more than twice the frequency of the highest frequency passed by the anti-aliasing filter.</text>
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== Digital Subscriber Line ==

=== Introduction ===

'''Digital Subscriber Line''' (also known as Digital Subscriber Loop) is a technology that transports high-bandwidth data, such as multimedia, to service subscribers over ordinary twisted pair copper wire telephone lines. A DSL line can carry both data and voice signals and the data part of the line is continuously connected. Digital Subscriber Line technology assumes that digital data does not require change into analog form and back. Digital data is transmitted to the system directly in digital data form, allowing wider bandwidth for transmission. Though, the signal can also be separated so that some of the bandwidth is used to transmit an analog signal allowing users to use telephone and computer simultaneously on the same line.

== How DSL came into Action:- ==
The Telephone companies got pressure from the cable TV and the satellite industry as they were offering speeds up to 10Mbit/s and 50 Mbit/s respectively. While  the telephone industry was only offering 56 kbit/s. As Internet grew as a new business prospect then the telephone companies realize that they need more competitive product, so that they can offer both telephony and Internet over the same local loop. This is the beginning of DSL.

== Goals of DSL Service ==
The main goals of the xDSL services are as following:

#It must work on the existing twisted pair local loops.
#It must not affect customers existing telephones and fax machines. 
#It must be faster than the 56 kbit/s
#And finally it should always remain ON.

== How DSL works ==
DSL connects the computer to the Internet at speeds as fast as 52 Mbit/s, using the twisted pair copper lines that are commonly used for phone service. Apart from better download and upload times than traditional modems, DSL offers the benefit of always being ON; we don't have to dial up our Internet service provider every time we want to get on the Net. Since DSL connections are dedicated, so we don't have to share our bandwidth with other users as we do in cable modems. All of the DSL achieve their high speeds in the same way by sending data over previously unused frequencies in phone lines. Voice signals travel over phone lines at frequencies ranging from 0 kHz to 4 kHz. Standard modems use the same frequencies, but DSL uses frequencies between 25 kHz and 1 MHz. This extra bandwidth ensures that more data can be sent over the same line. This broadband connection requires special hardware at both, the consumer and phone company’s ends. On consumer’s end, a DSL modem modulates digital information from its computer to send it along phone lines. These signals are then translated by a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) located at the phone company's nearest central office. The DSLAM separates the voice from the data signals, sending the data signal to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and from there to the Internet.

==xDSL technologies==
Mainly there are two types of technology for the xDSL standard; one is the Discrete Multimode (DMT) which is the most widely used technology and another is the Carrier less Amplitude/Phase (CAP) system, which was adopted on many original installations. 

===CAP===

The CAP method works by taking the entire bandwidth of the copper wires and simply splitting those up into 3 distinct sections or bands separated to ease interference. Each signal band is then allocated a particular task. The first band is in the signal range of 0 to 4 kHz and is used for telephone conversations. The second band occupies the range of 25 to 160 kHz which is used as an upstream channel, while the third band covers from 240 kHz up to a maximum (depending on conditions) of 1.5 MHz and is used as a downstream channel. This method was simple and effective as poor quality wires or large amounts of interference wouldn't affect the xDSL from working, instead it would just limit the range of the third band and result in slightly reduced speeds.

===DMT===

The DMT system is much more complex. It works by splitting the entire frequency range (bandwidth) into 247 channels of 4 kHz each and allocating a range of the lower channels, staring at around 8 kHz, as bidirectional to provide upstream and downstream channels. By splitting the bandwidth up in this way it effectively allows one connection to operate as if there were 247 modems connected to it, each of which operating at 4 kHz. The technology used in the DMT system is vastly more complex than that required for the CAP method as each of the 247 channels requires constant monitoring and assessment. If the system detects that a specific channel or range of channels are suffering from interference or a degradation in quality then the data stream must be automatically transferred to different channels. For the DMT system one need to place low pass filters into any telephone socket for making voice calls, because voice calls take place below the 4 kHz frequency and the filters simply block anything above this to prevent data signals interfering with the telephone call.

[[File:XDSL DMT System.jpg]]

== Most popular DSL Service ==
All the different types of DSL are known generally as xDSL, where x denotes all various types. The term xDSL covers a number of similar yet competing forms of DSL technologies, including ADSL, SDSL, HDSL, IDSL, and VDSL.

===ADSL===
The initially offered ADSL service worked by dividing the spectrum available on the local loop into  three frequencies bands first one is for POTS (Plain Old Telephone System)  the other is for upstream and the third one is for downstream.

But the most likely approach is called the DMT (Discrete MultiTone). It divides the available 1.1 MHz spectrum on the local loop into 256 independent channels of 4312.5 Hz each. Channel 0 is used for POTS (Plain Old Telephone System). Channel 1-5 are not used so that voice and the data signal cannot interfere with each other. From the remaining 250 channels one is used for downstream control and one is used for upstream control. The rest of the channels are available for user data. It is up to the service provider to determine how many channels should be allocated for upstream and downstream. Though 50-50 is possible, most providers allocate 32 channels for upstream and the remainder of the channels for downstream, because most users will download data more than they upload.

[[File:ADSL Spectrum.jpg]]

The speed provided by the ADSL (ANSI T1.413 and ITU G.992.1) is 8 Mbit/s downstream and 1 Mbit/s upstream. Within each channel a modulation scheme similar to V.34 is used and the sampling rate is 4000 Baud. The actual data is send through QAM modulation with 15 bits per baud.

;ADSL Arrangement
[[File:ADSL Arrangement.jpg|right]]
In a typical ADSL arrangement the telephone company installs a Network Interface Device (NID) in the customer’s premises. A splitter is combined with the NID. It is an analog filter that separates the 0-4000 Hz band used by the POTS from the data. The POTS signal is routed to the telephone, and the data signal is routed to the ADSL modem. The ADSL modem is connected to the computer through an Ethernet card or USB port. At the other end of the wire towards the central office, a corresponding splitter is installed, where the voice portion of the signal is filtered out and sent to the voice switch. The signal above 26 kHz is routed to a DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer), which contains the same kind of digital signal processor as an ADSL modem. Once the digital signal is recovered in the bit stream, packets are formed and sent to the Internet Service Provider. The one disadvantage of this system is that a company technician is needed to install the NID, which is very expensive for the company. So another splitterless design was standardized which is normally known as G.lite. The only difference was that a microfilter has to be inserted into each phone jack between the telephone or ADSL modem and wire. The microfilter for the telephone is the low-pass filter eliminating frequencies above 3400 Hz; the microfilter for the ADSL modem is a high-pass filter eliminating frequencies below 26 kHz. Though this system is not as reliable as having a splitter, it still requires a splitter in the end office. 
{{-}}

=== Other DSL Services ===

;ADSL2:
ADSL 2 is similar to ADSL and typically the modems can be interchangeable.  The difference is that ADSL 2 offers a downstream rate of up to 25 Mbit/s, while the upstream rate remains the same as regular ADSL, at 1 Mbit/s.  The range of 15,000 feet from the central office also remains the same.  

;ADSL 2+ :
ADSL2+ is the next generation of ADSL Broadband, ADSL2+ services are capable of download speeds of up to an incredible 24 Megabits per second (depending on your equipment and the length of your copper line). ADSL2+ services are capable of upload speeds of up to 2.5 Megabits per second (Annex M) or 1 Megabit per second. ADSL2+ Broadband runs much faster than standard ADSL. This allows you to get faster speeds at longer distances from your telephone exchange (as per the graph), or get ADSL when you previously have not been able to in the past

;SDSL:
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL), a technology that allows more data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines (POTS). SDSL supports data rates up to 3 Mbit/s. SDSL works by sending digital pulses in the high-frequency area of telephone wires and can not operate simultaneously with voice connections over the same wires. SDSL requires a special SDSL modem. SDSL is called symmetric because it supports the same data rates for upstream and downstream traffic

;SHDSL:
SHDSL stands for Symmetric High-Bit rate Digital Subscriber Loop. SHDSL is designed to transport rate-adaptive symmetrical data across a single copper pair at data rates from 192 kbit/s to 2.3 Mbit/s or 384 kbit/s to 4.6 Mbit/s over two pairs. With single-pair operation, SHDSL offers 192 kbit/s to 2.3 Mbit/s. Data rates are defined in increments of 8 kbit/s. With dual-pair operation (4-wire mode), SHDSL offers 384 kbit/s to 4.6 Mbit/s. Data rates are defined in increments of 16kbit/s. The line rate on both pairs must be the same.

;VDSL:
VDSL (Very High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Line)    VDSL is basically ADSL at much higher data rates. It is asymmetric and, thus, has a higher downstream rate than upstream rate. The upstream rates are from 1.5 Mbit/s to 2.3 Mbit/s. The downstream rates and distances are listed in the following table. VDSL is seen as a way to provide very high-speed access for streaming video, combined data and video, video-conferencing, data distribution in campus environments, and the support of multiple connections within apartment buildings.

;VDSL 2:
VDSL 2, stands short for Very High Bit Rate DSL 2, is a type of Internet connection that uses the phone line, much like DSL.  However, VDSL 2 uses 30 MHz of spectrum, has speeds of 100 Mbit/s, and has a range of 12,000 feet.  These high capabilities allow for data to be sent in larger volumes, at a much faster speed, and over longer distances.  It is no surprise why people are gaining interest in VDSL 2 for their Internet service.

[[Image:DSL Services.jpg]]

== Limitation of xDSL:- ==
DSL has one significant downside: The farther you are from the central office, the slower your connection is. As you move away from the central office, more distortion enters the line and the signal deteriorates. To counter this, the phone company slows down transmission rates, from 1.5 mbps to 384 kilobits per second, for example. But slowing the speed only works up to a point--if you live more than two miles from the nearest central office, you can't get DSL at all. According to the industry trade group ADSL Forum, about 60 percent of United States telephone customers live within areas that could support DSL.

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    <title>The Computer Revolution/Computer Graphics/Increasing Design Speed</title>
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      <text bytes="2241" sha1="kpiqv7wb5jjrynj9exuvljeadjo3jfn" xml:space="preserve">Increasing the speed of designing is not the best idea since excessive usage of the keyboard shortcuts leads to wrist injury and often being faster than the computer (if you are using a slow one, that is). Some examples of increasing the speed in Corel are mentioned below. 
 
#Change the keyboard shortcut of &quot;Wireframe view mode&quot; to &quot;Q&quot; this is very important since selecting objects becomes very easier in wireframe mode then the enhanced mode. Moreover it helps you skim out the white objects that you can't really see but exist to do nothing but cause problems. 
#Try to keep as much of artistic text as possible instead of paragraph text. This is because paragraph text is like mini-Microsoft Word. It has to dealt with carefully moreover the text frame can shorten hiding the text and cut out information moreover you could be accidentally selecting the frame of the text so many times in the course of design then actually needed. 
#Change the shortcuts of alignment: C to center horizontally, E to center vertically, P to center to page R to align to the r and f to align to the left. This makes aligning everything exactly along something a character away. 
#Make sure you are using the roller of the mouse for your zooming in and zooming out. It makes it so much easier to zoom into to amend details and then zoom out to the work area, etc. 
#To duplicate things drag something and right click along with dragging it duplicates the object, holding CTRL will allow you drag along 90 degrees so you dont move the object either horizontally or vertically. After you duplicate the image using the right click hold CTRL and click &quot;d&quot;. See what happens it duplicates something exactly along the displacement inch you displaced the original object from. 
#Use the transformation toll to transform objects multiply by an exact measurement for example 0.25&quot;
#Use CTRL A to select everything.
#Use find and replace to change a specific colour to something else.it saves a lot of time selecting multiple objects and replacing them multiple times.
#If a colour is used very frequently, add it to the common palette. It saves time selecting it through swatches every time

== Further reading ==
* [[Concepts of Computer Graphics]]

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=== '''The Operating System''' ===
The Operating System (OS) is the most important software in any computing device that is intended to interact with users (these include running applications from different creator than that of the OS). The OS is often a more complex System Software (SS), that is the most basic type of software that is required for a machine to operate, that often is even referred as Firmware (extremely reduced interaction with others than the creators, the firm).

Operating systems are much more prevalent than most people suspect. Most machines will be sold with some form of basic operative systems, some will bring it in installed form other will have it pre-loaded into read only memory (ROM). They requires it to function and so It is one of the most important software pieces on your computer. Without an operating system installed your computer becomes basically useless.

The operating system manages the hardware systems and software systems for your computer. It hides in the background of computer systems performing the small basic tasks that most people are unaware of, to translate applications code into instructions that the hardware can process.. There are some major tasks that most are aware of that the computer performs. These tasks include: Booting up the computer, organizing files, performing tasks (for example, reading from the hard drive), logging in, and managing security (firewall, permissions, etc.).

Today they exist not only in laptops or desktops, but in a wide variety of other devices. Operating systems have extreme versatility, especially with today's technologies. They also have large scalability, which means that operating systems can be simplified greatly or have features even the programmers may not be aware of. Operating systems are now used on routers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), mobile phones, as well as a multitude of other computers including laundry machines and refrigerators. This does make sense as the computer in a typical modern cell phone is now more powerful than a desktop computer from 20 years ago. It also allows for customization of cellphones such as individualized rings and wallpapers.

The operating system interacts with the user in a form that can be understood by the user as it translates in computer form what is being entered by the user. This form can be text based or graphics based. For example, when you connect a device to your computer a pop up will come up on the taskbar explaining to the user what it is doing (installing the driver necessary to use the connected device). During the boot process the key component of the operating system called the kernel is loaded into memory. Unlike other components, the kernel is stored in the memory until the computer is turned off. The operating system can also configure and communicate with peripheral devices by installing the necessary device drivers needed to use that particular device.

The operating system controls the resources (memory, disk space) and makes them available as needed while you are using the computer. Also places in order which tasks need to be carried out. Storing files/documents in a specific location which can be fetched at a later time when needed. The operating system specific files are by default stored in its own folder (Windows Folder), and any applications which are installed their files will be stored the Program Files folder by default. Although there are default folders, users can create their own folders and name them accordingly to better organize. Each folder can hold multiple folders/files. File extensions should not be modified by the user as the operating system uses that information to open the file with the selected program. If the extension is modified the operating system will not know which program to use to open the specific file as a result the file will be corrupted and may not open.

The operating system has many security options to protect your computer from unauthorized users. Regular password that only you would know or using your finger print to log in. Another option would be setting up multiple accounts and making you the administrator on the computer while others would be standard users. Administrator users would have the ability to do anything on the computer, while standard users would be restricted from certain actions such as uninstalling/installing programs or modifying any settings.

The operating system has the ability to multitask, run multiple programs at once. The CPU is actually multitasking, going between different programs as it can only perform one task at a time. Multi-threading is the ability to perform multiple tasks within one particular program similar to multitasking which can perform between multiple programs. Both multiprocessing and parallel processing use multiple CPUs to perform tasks on your computer. Multiprocessing, each CPU performs on a different task than the other CPU. Parallel processing, multiple CPUs work on multiple tasks to speed up the process. Multiprocessing is used on most computers.

The operating system works to manage the memory being used by your computer by sending memory to programs being used and later retrieves it once the program is closed. Users can control memory use by closing programs which aren’t being used. Virtual memory is another way to enhance processing efficiency. Programs and data communicate between RAM and virtual memory as RAM is needed the information is copied to virtual memory and deleted from RAM. The process between RAM and virtual memory will continue until the program/data is complete. Using virtual memory can slower the process but it allows more memory use than what is available. To speed up processing on your computer, operating systems use a process called buffering and spooling. Buffering is space in the RAM or hard drive which stores the input and output. Spooling retrieves that information when needed. This will speed up processing as this particular task is not holding up the CPU from performing other tasks as it waits for one to complete.

[[File:CPT-Classification of Software - relationships.svg|thumb|CPT-Classification of Software - relationships]]

Parker, D. M. (2011). Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Cengage Learning.

==== Turning on ====
When booting up a computer there must be a basic operating system. There are multiple operating systems available for consumers to choose from; starting with the most common on desktop PCs, Windows, to common server operating systems, such as Linux. Windows is made to be user friendly, even those who know little about computers can easily master the basic commands. Linux comes in many different forms, some of them easy to use, and some of them meant more for those who are already aware of how computers operate, with complex codes and hard to use commands. The boot up information is usually stored in memory called ROM.

When the computer is booting up, several things will occur. First, the core of the operating system (known as the ''kernel'') will be loaded into the computer memory. Then the computer identifies the hardware devices that are connected to the computer to confirm that all of the hardware devices are connected properly. Finally, there may be a login process or a security program launched via an instant message or login screen. These options can be customized by the user through the Windows Task Manager.
[[File:Kernel_basic.svg|thumb|right|The kernel is the essential portion of the operating system.]]

Parker, D. M. (2011). Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow. Boston, MA: Course Technology. Cengage Learning.

==== Basic functions ====
a major part of most operating systems, The file system, manages your files. It takes your files and puts them safely on your hard drive. It does the same function as you taking your papers and storing them in a filing cabinet until you need them next.

In addition to booting the computer, file management, and security, the operating system is also responsible for configuring devices. This is carried out with the '''plug and play''' feature, where devices become installed and accessed as soon as they are plugged into the computer, with the help of a '''driver''', which is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device. Other responsibilities include communication with the user and managing and monitoring the computer’s resources. In a desktop computer, these resources are the processor, memory, disk space, etc. On a mobile phone, the resources include the screen, keypad, address book, battery, network connection, etc. The operating system’s overall goal is to provide a solid way for applications to work with the hardware.
[[File:Nokia1108HindiKeypad.jpg|100px|thumb|Nokia1108 Hindi Keypad]]

===== Human machine interface =====
====== Command Line Interface (CLI) ======
[[File:FreeDOS Beta 9 pre-release5 (command line interface) on Bochs sshot20040912.png|thumb|FreeDOS Beta 9 pre-release5 (command line interface) on Bochs sshot20040912]]

The CLI is '''non-graphical interface''' and uses ''typed commands'' only to perform. Although not as widely used as the GUI, the CLI can be used to accomplish many of the same feats - for those equipped with such programming skills. Through a CLI, one can encrypt files, create directories, navigate through directories, etc.

In Windows, the CLI used is called the Command Prompt. In Fedora, it is called the Terminal.

====== Graphical User Interface (GUI) ======
[[File:Ubuntu Linux 8.10.png|thumb|Ubuntu Linux 8.10]]
The GUI (pronounced gooey) is a '''visual interface'''; convenient and preferred by most users, because of its simplicity and appeal to the eye. By performing simple, graphical tasks such as ''clicking'' on an icon, ''dragging'' a folder, or ''right-clicking'' files and navigating through choices, files can be opened, moved, renamed, saved, and so forth.

Modern computer operating systems often provide a desktop graphical user interface (&quot;GUI&quot;) for displaying various graphical objects. Some examples of graphical objects include windows, taskbars, docks, menus and various icons for representing documents, folders and applications. If the GUI is touch sensitive, then a stylus or one or more fingers may be used to interact with the desktop. A desktop GUI could be two-dimensional (&quot;2D&quot;) or three-dimensional (&quot;3D&quot;).

A 3D GUI is being developed and will allow mobile devices like mobile phones and tablet pcs to work with proximity sensor arrays and is being develop to respond to hovering gestures. Modern mobile devices typically include a variety of onboard sensors for sensing the orientation of the mobile device with respect to a reference coordinate frame. For example, a graphics processor on the mobile device could display a GUI in landscape mode or portrait mode based on the orientation of the mobile device. Due to the limited size of the typical display of a mobile device, a 3D GUI could be difficult to navigate using conventional means, such as a finger or stylus. For example, to view different perspectives of the 3D GUI, two hands are often needed: one hand to hold the mobile device and the other hand to manipulate the GUI into a new 3D perspective. 

The 3D GUI display environment for mobile device will use orientation data from one or more onboard sensors to automatically determine and display a perspective projection of the 3D display environment based on the orientation data without the user physically interacting with (e.g., touching) the display. In some implementations, the display environment could be changed based on gestures made a distance above a touch sensitive display that incorporates proximity sensor arrays.

==== Security ====
Most, as not to say all, software has 'holes' in their programming, operating systems are no exception. But in these case vulnerabilities make it possible for people to 'attack' and/or use your computer with, or more commonly without, your knowledge.

Microsoft more than any other commercial OSs has a long list of documented weaknesses, some fixed some not because they have not been classified as critical. In considering why as OS has more detected security problems that others one has to take into account not only the quality of the software but also the number of users, especially those capable of reporting the issues, and the amount of attention an OS receives from those attempting to take advantage of it's weaknesses (this also has to do with the OS market-share the bigger the more attractive to exploit).

There are methods to close these holes. One of the newer abilities of well known operating systems is the ability to update the software either manually or automatically. These updates are normally downloaded to your computer from the internet and installed on your computer, basically changing the structure of the programming to make the operating system more secure. Another option is a program like Norton Antivirus. It is one of the most common, but there are many other choices the consumer can choose from. Antivirus software protects your computer from outside dangers, such as hackers, scammers, and viruses. A hacker can log onto your computer and see all your personal information, and possibly have access to even your banking information. Viruses are common in today's world, they come from receiving files, downloading things from the internet, or even visiting certain sites. Antivirus programs work with your operating system and constantly check everything the computer does for anything that might be a threat.

===== Digital Rights Management (DRM) =====
Digital Rights Management (DRM) is that part or type of technology which are used by hardware manufacturers, publishers, copyright holders, and individuals with the intent to control the use of digital content and devices after sale. In short to prevent piracy, it controls access through technology. Examples can be cited like,
 A company servers are programmed to block any forwarding of sensitive or restricted e-mail.
 E-book server is programmed to restrict copy of and printing of material as per the copyright holders contents.
 Software for DVDs limiting copies made.
Thus restrictions, encryption etc, are few methods. DRM runs from the time floppy disks were there.

A DRM scheme operates on three levels
 Establishing a copyright for a piece of content.
 Managing the distribution of that copyrighted content.
 Restricting access via software once distributed on consumer level.

To accomplish this level of control, a DRM program has to effectively define and describe three entities-
 The user.
 The content.
 The usage rights.
This it does by describing the relationship between them.
{{TODO|Add further details of how this DRM scheme works}}

===== Graphical User Interface (GUI) V.S. Command Line Interface (CLI) =====
The command line and graphical user interface are two different ways a user can communicate instructions to the computer. For example, you can launch an application through the command line by typing in the command (path to where the program is installed) to open the application. Graphical user interface allows the user to physically search for the program via mouse click to open the application. 

Although both methods are used today, GUI is the more common method used as it is much easier to grasp and people who are new to computers would find it extremely difficult to use the CLI method. With the GUI method it is much easier as you only have to learn how to point and click the mouse. With CLI it would be much difficult as you would have to memorize the path at which your file is located along with the different commands to open a file or launch an application. GUI is also a better way to go if you will be multitasking (using more than one program at a time) it is much easier to navigate to different windows using GUI. CLI does not offer an easy way to view multiple open applications or documents.

One good advantage about CLI is Scripting. CLI allows the user to use the command line to create what is called a script, which allows you to run a program without clicking through menus to find the program and run it. This is good for applications that should be run often say at a certain time. Although there are advantages and disadvantages to either option, it all depends on how good you are with the computer and if you have the patience to memorize all the commands and paths.

[http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000619.htm

==== Turning off ====
When you turn off your computer it writes any unsaved information to the hard disk. It will remember how your computer last looked and will reload that image next time you turn on your computer.

==== Operating System Classifications ====
Operating systems for personal computers are usually can be divided in several categories, in relation to a dedicated purpose, use or configuration.

On the personal computer most operating systems, are intended to be installed to a single computer and often, even if not restricted, will serve a single user. Today operating systems are subdivided into subcategories, such as desktop operating system, for mid and upper range machines and lighter versions for portables or legacy systems.

The server operating system is conceived to be installed as a network server, as to give several users access to its resources across a network. A server will often have no local users.

A network operating system, rests inside a server and serves to boot several client machines as its own personal operating system, often these client machines will not have any data storage device locally and will share the resources of the server machine.

There are also other factors that serve to distinguish operating systems, for instance the guarantees they provide in security or speed, for instance a [[w:real time operating system|real-time operating system]] will be dedicated to rapid processing of critical events, other relations can be formed about the structure of the OS, it can be [[w:Monolithic kernel|monolithic]] or modular.

There are several types of Operating Systems which can be categorized. &lt;b&gt;Multi-user&lt;/b&gt; operating systems are those in which one or more user(s) can run one or more program(s) at the same time. A &lt;b&gt;Multiprocessing&lt;/b&gt; OS can allow one or more program(s) to run on more than one CPU. Most multiprocessing operating systems will run on single-processor machines, but it will be slower than a normal OS running on the same machine. &lt;b&gt;Multitasking&lt;/b&gt; OS's allow more than one program to be running at the same time. &lt;b&gt;Multithreading&lt;/b&gt; allows for different parts of the same program to be running concurrently. And finally, &lt;b&gt;Real Time&lt;/b&gt; operating systems have an instant (as fast as possible) response to input. Most modern operating systems are a combination of several of the above types.

===== Mobile operating systems =====
[[File:Android screenshot.png|95px|thumb|Android OS, v2.3 (Gingerbread)]]
Mobile Operating Systems or Mobile OS have surged in popularity in recent years. With the development of so many mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets the need for high functioning mobile operating systems is a must.

Several companies, for example Microsoft, which provide personal or server network operating systems also offer mobile versions of their operating systems Windows CE, in fact most of last core changes to the Windows have been made in reducing its system footprint, MS hope is that Windows 8 with a specific packaging will be able to work as a Mobile Operating System. On the other hand some companies have developed strictly mobile operating systems (iPhone OS/Blackberry OS/Android).

Since the first release of the iPhone in June of 2007, Apple has been breaking records with their releases of the iPhone. It is not just the fun features of the phone, but the software that it runs on that makes it so revolutionary. iPhone OS is based on Apple's OS X operating system. It supports multi-touch input, and has thousands of applications exclusively created for the system itself. The versions since iOS 6 have voice command technology, where by simply talking to the phone, you can search on the latest version of Safari, find your way around on Bing driven GPS system, or call and text by voice command. 

It seems that at as mobile device technology continues to gain in popularity and diversity, the mobile OS will continue to advance as well.  Mobile technology has now infiltrated multiple areas of society from smartphones to IPADs used in classrooms and without mobile operating systems that would not be possible. To the consumer the demand of hardware vendors of a lighter operating system has been extremely positive, the path of optimizing resource utilization has been increasing in importance and the need to make the Operative Systems portable across different hardware platforms, alleviates the technological stronghold that has permitted some firms to dominate the hardware and Operative Systems fields for decades.

====== Cloud computing ======
[[File:ICloud.png|thumb|The iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud computing service from Apple Inc.]]
[[File: Operating_system_usage_share.svg|thumb|400px|right|Usage of Operating System Software August 2011]]
Many of the newer mobile device operating systems are taking advantage of the new meme &quot;cloud computing&quot;. Cloud computing is really an mix of Internet technologies, storage, processing and social participation that is used as an off-site virtual service to gather,store and process information and allow you to share the information across machines to other persons. For example, let’s say you own an iPad, iPhone, and Mac computer. You schedule an appointment and put the appointment into the calendar application on your phone.

Cloud computing is in itself not an innovation, what has changed is the ease of access to the Internet, cost of storage (and improvement on storage technologies). It improved on usability of what previously would require some technical skill for instance to mount your own WEB and/or file server and incur in its operational costs. Those improvements became cumulative while you previous would then have to either repeat the input into your iPad and Mac, or you would have to manually sync all the devices with your computer. Now, using cloud computing, that synchronization of devices happens automatically whenever you are connected to Wi-Fi!

This of course has several implications, that are being exploited by corporations, that are not only willing to mine personal information from users of those services but will take the opportunity to control not only your data but your access to it.

==== Open-source Operating Systems ====

===== GNU-Linux =====
[[File:Linux Mint 21 &quot;Vanessa&quot; (Cinnamon).png|thumb|Linux Mint 21 &quot;Vanessa&quot; (Cinnamon)]]
GNU-Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds back in September 1991 using system tools and libraries originated in the GNU Project, initiated in 1983 by Richard Stallman. Since then, with help from around the world, Linux has become one of the world's most widely used operating systems.

The main difference between operating systems such as Windows and Mac compared to Linux is that both Windows and Mac are proprietary system, meaning that they have restrictions on them regarding usage and copying them.  Whereas Linux is free software available for all to use, modify, and redistribute as they see fit.

Due to the nature of freeware there are literally hundreds of Linux distributions or versions, called Distros, available to users.  These Distros vary greatly, some examples being hardware requirements, ease of use, stability, and appearance.  When selecting a Distro, the idea is to find the one that meets as many of your needs as possible and is setup in your ideal fashion.  After selecting the Distro that suits you best, you can finish customizing the operating system to make it truly unique to the user.  Although all Distros are fully customizable they do have varying levels of technical competency requirements.  A Distro such as Arch Linux that you install from scratch using a command line is not for a beginner compared to a Distro such as Linux Mint that is easy to install, has a GUI, and is packaged with application software common to many users.

Because of Linux's little to no cost, Linux is often found in micro-controllers or embedded computers such as PDAs, and cell phones.
Linux is considered a unique operation system because it gives users the ability to customize it to a particular application. Linux is widely available over the Internet as a free download. It is available for both personal and server use and uses a much wider range of applications than Windows. Linux has a wide range of compatibility and many users are switching because they are finding it to be much more cost effective, and can get many different essential programs such as free or low cost office suites.
&lt;ref&gt;Morley, Deborah and Parker, Charles S. &quot;Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow 13th Edition&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://lifehacker.com/5889950/how-to-find-the-perfect-linux-distribution-for-you&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Commercial and proprietary Operating Systems ====
When you purchase your computer this software may not show up on the receipt but you have paid for it.

===== DOS =====
In August 1981, IBM introduced to the world the &quot;Personal Computer” including the operating system called MS-DOS 1.0.  Prior to having any issues with DOS it was suggested that users take the time to create a boot disk:
 1.	Insert the blank floppy into the computer's drive. 
 2.	Click the Windows &quot;Start&quot; button and select &quot;Run.&quot;
 3.	In the text box that displays, enter &quot;cmd&quot; (= command)
 4.	Press the &quot;OK&quot; button. This opens your Windows command prompt.
 5.	Enter &quot;sys (= system) x:&quot; into the command prompt.
 6.	Press &quot;Enter.&quot;
 7.	Replace &quot;x&quot; with the drive letter for your floppy drive. It only takes a few seconds to copy the boot files to the disk.
 8.	Reboot the machine with the disk in the drive.

[[File:Command line.png|180px|thumb|Linux command line]]
With the very first use of computers, DOS, or Disk Operating Software was just about the only operating system used.  It is very uncommon for computers to use DOS today because Graphical User Interfaces are much simpler to use for the average computer using person.  This is because DOS uses a command line interface where the user inputs commands for the computer to process, instead of clicking on windows like many people do today.  There are two types of DOS.  Both were created by Microsoft and were used for IBM computers or IBM compatible computers.  The two types are PC-DOS and MS-DOS.

===== UNIX =====
UNIX was developed in the 1960’s at AT&amp;T Bell Laboratories for midrange servers. UNIX is a multiuse, multitasking operating system.  Microcomputers, mainframes, and a diversity of other devices from different manufacturers can run UNIX. The flexibility gives UNIX a lead over competing operating systems. Although, UNIX is more expensive, requires a higher level of technical knowledge, and tends to be harder to install, maintain and upgrade.

===== OS X =====

Based off the UNIX operating System, Mac OS is seen in Apple computers and is very user friendly, including simple graphical user interfaces. Mac OS X Lion also make navigation more simple using new multi-touch gestures. Newer Mac OS can support dual 64-bit processors which is advantageous while multi-tasking.  Mac OS X also has the capability of running Windows via BootCamp, so on restart, you have the option(by holding the &quot;alt&quot; key while the screen flashes white) of booting into Windows or Mac OS X.  This function is not very well reciprocated by Windows at all.  People have tried installing Mac OS X on Windows, commonly referred to as &quot;Hackintosh's&quot;, albeit with loss of functionality and stability.

The term Hackintosh has become ever more popular as Apple starts to move to general purpose hardware technology that is easily accessible to anyone. 2005-2020 Mac hardware builds of Apple use the Intel i5/i7 second generation processor to offer the best performance with their operating system. The Apple software license of the Mac OS X does not allow it to be used on a computer that is not &quot;Apple-branded. The hackintosh, a collaborative Kernel hacking project, works as the newer processors are now more compatible with the Mac OS X software and can be tweaked to work with current Gigabyte motherboards and second generation processors. Using information from tonymacx86.com you use iBoot and Multibeast to load kernels and drivers and install Mac OS X (Mac OS X Lion, with Mountain Lion in the works as of February 2012) on compatible hardware.  The biggest attraction is the options outside of the processor and motherboard that could be easily changed to each persons style or interests.

{{TODO|Add information above about Kernel. Note that hardware specific should best be moved into the hardware section}}.

===== Microsoft Windows =====
Microsoft Windows is the most popular desktop operating system, and has been for many years. As with technology in general, the Windows operating system has evolved over the years.

Microsoft has developed a wide range of Windows operating systems. In 1985, the original version of Windows was introduced as Windows 1.0, and later followed by Windows 3, which had several versions, such as 3.0, 3.1, and 3.11. They simply enhanced the DOS operating system, making it more user friendly, this trend continued with Windows 95 and 98.

The creation of the Windows NT and then the Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, XP Home, Windows Vista and many more, were a large technological advance. While the first versions of Windows were simply add-ons to DOS. Later versions did not depend on DOS.

Windows desktop came in the footsteps of other OSs and enabled the customization of the GUI. That included changing skins, mouse keys function and the style of desktop, colors and etc. Until the release of Windows 98, free OS alternatives were not as attractive, by maintaining the GUI elements static across versions  users feel comfortable and easily adapted to new releases. This was until Vista, since then the GUI of Windows has been in constant change.

Windows Vista version of windows had several improvements over Windows XP, it still has it's downside. Windows Vista had the following new features:
* 3D window viewing
* Capable of using flash memory as RAM rather than adding memory to the motherboard
* secure features than all previous windows versions
* side bar to allow quick access to commonly used gadgets
* Super-fetch feature.

The new Super-fetch feature knows what most commonly used programs/tasks are and keeps them in the memory to allow faster responsive times.

Windows Vista downsides:
* The system requirements for Windows Vista are extremely high compared to previous windows versions and even other modern operating systems. 
* The integration of new forms of digital rights management (DRM), specifically the Protected Video Path (PVP).
* Poor hardware driver support.
* Legacy software incompatibility.
* Concerns have been expressed that Windows may be experiencing software bloat.
* Expensive compared to other modern operating systems.

Whether you should use Windows Vista largely depends on how you want to and need to use your computer.

The next operating system that Windows released was Windows 7. It was released in 2009. Windows 7 system requirements are about the same as Vista. Windows 7 was designed to start up and respond faster than Vista. It also focuses on making it more user friendly. An example of this you can drag taskbar buttons to have them the way you like it. Also, Windows 7 have a Device Stage. This was formed to make it easier to use and manage all your connected devices. Microsoft states Windows 7 runs well on netbooks, this was not always the case with Vista.

In 1995, Microsoft launched Windows 95, which was their first full-fledged operating system, and it was followed by Windows 98.  Windows NT (New Technology) was the operating system developed for high-end workstations and servers.  Following 98, was Windows ME (Millennium Edition) and Windows 2000, replaced Windows NT.  These systems were followed by Windows XP, which replaced both Windows 98 and Windows 2000.  Windows Vista replaced XP, and was the current version until 2009, when Windows 7 was released.

Windows 7 was available in four main editions and in 32-bit and 64-bit versions. The appearance is similar to Windows Vista but runs faster and is easier to use. It has many new features like rearranging taskbar buttons, pin locks on programs to the taskbar, arranging two windows side by side quickly and easily, or resizing windows to fill half of the screen easily.
{{-}}

{{:The Computer Revolution/Software/OS/Windows 8}}

===== Android =====

===== iOS =====

'''iPhone OS''': Every iPhone has used a different variation of the same operating system since Apple first launched them in June of 2007.  The latest versions support multitasking, video calling, picture messaging, the ability to cut, copy, and paste text, in addition to other features other phones have adapted in order to remain competitive in the smartphone market.  To make applications for the iPhone OS one would need to learn how to program in Objective-C and be familiar with the Cocoa API. 

&lt;references/&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>oksputs1peugs212cbfac6ce9et5o5b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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    <title>Advanced Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists/Scale Analysis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:57:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448837</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="25546" sha1="titycihfqymrryqngrylee1n94b2hr1" xml:space="preserve">==Scale Analysis==

In the chapter on [[Partial Differential Equations/Nondimensionalization|nondimensionalization]], variables (both independent and dependent) were nondimensionalized and at the same time scaled so that they ranged from something like &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt;. &quot;Something like &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt;&quot; is the mentality.

Scale analysis is a tool that uses nondimensionalization to:

:*Understand what's important in an equation and, more importantly, what's not.
:*Gain insight into the size of unknown variables, such as velocity or temperature, before (even without) actually solving.
:*Simplify solution process (nondimensional variables ranging for &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt; are very amiable).
:*Reduce dependence of the solution on physical parameters.
:*Allow higher quality numeric solution since variables that are of the same range maintain accuracy better on a computer.

Scale analysis is very common sense driven and not too systematic. For this reason, and since it is somewhat unnatural and hard to describe without endless example, it may be difficult to learn.

Before going into the concept, we must discuss orders of magnitude.

===Orders of Magnitude and Big O Notation===

Suppose that there are two functions &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt;. It is said (and notated) that:

:&lt;math&gt;f(x) \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(g(x)) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to a\ \quad \mbox{if} \quad \limsup_{x \to a} \left|\frac{f(x)}{g(x)}\right| &lt; \infty\,&lt;/math&gt;

[[Image:PDEBook0017.png|frame|Visualization of the limit superior and limit inferior of f(x) as x increases without bound.]]

It's worth understanding fully this possibly obscure definition. &lt;math&gt;\mbox{lim sup}&lt;/math&gt;, short for limit superior, is similar to the &quot;regular&quot; limit, only it is the limit of the upper bound. This concept, alongside limit inferior, is illustrated at right. This intuitive analysis will have to suffice here, as the precise definition and details of these special limits are rather complicated.

As a further example, the limits of the cosine function as &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; increases without bound are:

:&lt;math&gt;\limsup_{x \to \infty} \ \cos(x) = 1\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\liminf_{x \to \infty} \ \cos(x) = -1\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\lim_{x \to \infty} \cos(x) \ \mbox{ does not exist}\,&lt;/math&gt;

With this somewhat off topic technicality hopefully understood, the statement that:

:&lt;math&gt;f(x) \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(g(x)) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to a\,&lt;/math&gt;

Is saying that near &lt;math&gt;x = a&lt;/math&gt;, the '''o'''rder (or size, or magnitude) of &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; is bounded by &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt;. It's saying that &lt;math&gt;|f(x)|&lt;/math&gt; isn't crazily bigger then &lt;math&gt;|g(x)|&lt;/math&gt; near &lt;math&gt;x = a&lt;/math&gt;, and this is precisely notated by saying that the limit superior is bounded (the &quot;regular&quot; limit wouldn't work since oscillations would ruin everything). The notation involving the big O is rather surprisingly called &quot;big O notation&quot;, it's also known as Landau notation.

Take, for example, &lt;math&gt;f(x) = 3 x^2 - 100 x + 2&lt;/math&gt; at different points:

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(x^2) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to \infty\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(x^0) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

In the first case, the &lt;math&gt;x^2&lt;/math&gt; term will easily dominate for large &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;. Even if the coefficient on that term is very near zero, for large enough x that term will dominate. Hence, the function is of order &lt;math&gt;x^2&lt;/math&gt; for large &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt;.

In the second case, near &lt;math&gt;x = 0&lt;/math&gt; the first two terms are limiting to zero while the constant term, &lt;math&gt;2&lt;/math&gt;, isn't changing at all. It is said to be of order &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt;, notated as order &lt;math&gt;x^0&lt;/math&gt; above. Why O(1) and not O(2)? Both are correct, but O(1) is preferred since it is simpler and more similar to &lt;math&gt;x^0&lt;/math&gt;.

This may put forth an interesting question: what would happen if the constant term was dropped? Both of the remaining terms would limit to zero. Since we are looking at x ''near'' zero and not ''at'' zero,

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(x) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

This is because as &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; approaches zero, the quadratic term gets smaller much faster than the linear term. It would also be correct, though kind of useless, to call the quantity O(1). It would be incorrect to state that the quantity is of order zero since the limit would not exist, not under any circumstance.

As implied above, &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; is by no means a unique function. All of the following statements are true, simply because the limit superior is bounded:

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(\sinh(x)) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to \infty\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(500 \cdot 2^{2^x} - \sin(x)) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to \infty\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(x) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(x^2) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

While technically correct, these are very misleading statements. Normally, the simplest, smallest magnitude function g(x) is selected.

Before ending the monotony, it should also be mentioned that it's not necessary for &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; to be ''smaller'' then &lt;math&gt;g(x)&lt;/math&gt; near &lt;math&gt;x = a&lt;/math&gt;, only the limit superior must exist. The following two statements are also true:

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(0.00001) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1000000000) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

But again, these are misleading and it's most proper to state that:

:&lt;math&gt;3x^2 - 100 x + 2 \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1) \ \mbox{ as } \ x \to 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

A relatively simple concept has been beaten to death, to the point of being confusing. It'll be more clear in context, and it'll be used more in later chapters for different purposes.

===Scale Analysis on a Two Term ODE===

Previously, the following BVP was considered:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{d^2 u}{d y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(0) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(D) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

Wipe away any memory of solving this simple problem, the concepts of this chapter do not look at the actual solution. The variables are nondimensionalized by defining new variables:

:&lt;math&gt;u = u_s \hat u \ \mbox{ , } \ y = D \hat y\,&lt;/math&gt;

So that '''&lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; is scaled by &lt;math&gt;D&lt;/math&gt;''', and '''&lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; is scaled by an unknown scale &lt;math&gt;u_s&lt;/math&gt;'''. Now note that, thanks to the scaling:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat y \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1) \ \mbox{, and } \ \hat u \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1)\,&lt;/math&gt;

These are both true near zero. &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; will be O(1) (this is read &quot;of order one&quot;) when its scale is properly chosen. Using the chain rule, the ODE was turned into the following:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{u_s}{D^2} \frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho}\,&lt;/math&gt;

Now, if both &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; are of order one, then it is reasonable to ''assume'' that, at least at some point in the domain of interest:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1)\,&lt;/math&gt;

This is by no means guaranteed to be true, however it is reasonable.

To identify the velocity scale, we can set the derivative '''equal''' to one and solve. There is nothing &quot;illegal&quot; about purposely setting the derivative equal to one since all we need is ''some equation'' to specify an unknown constant, &lt;math&gt;u_s&lt;/math&gt;. There is much freedom in defining this scale, because ''what this constant is and how it's found has no effect on the validity of the solution of the BVP'' (as long as it's not something stupid like &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;).

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{u_s}{D^2} \cdot 1 = \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho} \Rightarrow u_s = \frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\,&lt;/math&gt;

Since:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(1)\,&lt;/math&gt;

It follows that:

:&lt;math&gt;u \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}(u_s) \Rightarrow u \ \mbox{ is } \ \mathcal{O}\left(\frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\right)\,&lt;/math&gt;

This velocity scale may be thought of as a characteristic velocity. It's a number that shows us what to expect the velocity to be like. The velocity could actually be larger or smaller, but this gives a general idea. Furthermore, this scale tells us how changing various physical parameters will affect the velocity; ''there are four of them summarized into one constant''.

Compare this result to the coefficient (underlined) on the complete solution, with u dimensional and &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; nondimensional:

:&lt;math&gt;u(\hat y) = \underline{\frac{D^2 P_x}{2 \nu \rho}} (\hat y^2 - \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

They differ by a factor of &lt;math&gt;2&lt;/math&gt;, but they are of the same order of magnitude. So, indeed, &lt;math&gt;u_s&lt;/math&gt; '''characterizes''' the velocity.

Words like &quot;reasonable&quot; and &quot;assume&quot; were used a few times, words that would normally lead to the uglier word &quot;approximate&quot;. Relax: the BVP itself hasn't been approximated or otherwise violated in any way. We just used scale analysis to ''pick'' a velocity scale that:

:*Turned the ODE into something very easy to look at: &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{d^2 \hat u}{d \hat y^2} = 1 \quad ; \quad u(0) = u(1) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;
:*Gained good insight into what kind of velocity the solution will produce without finding the actual solution.

Note that a zero pressure gradient can no longer show itself in the ODE. This is by no means a restriction, since a zero pressure gradient would result in a zero velocity scale which would unconditionally result in zero velocity.

===Scale Analysis on a Three Term PDE===

The last section was still more of nondimensionalization then it was scale analysis. To just begin getting deeper into the subject, we'll consider the pressure driven transient parallel plate IBVP, identical to the above only with a time component:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \nu \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2} - \frac{P_x}{\rho}\,\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(0, t) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(D, t) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(x, 0) = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

See the [[Partial Differential Equations/Change of Variables|change of variables]] chapter to recall the origins of this problem. Scales are defined as follows:

:&lt;math&gt;u = u_s \hat u \ \mbox{ , } \ y = D \hat y \ \mbox{ , } \ t = t_s \hat t\,&lt;/math&gt;

Again, the scale on &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; is picked to make it an order one quantity (based on the BCs), and the scales on &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;t&lt;/math&gt; are just letters representing unknown quantities.

The chain rule has been used to define derivatives in terms of the new variables. Instead of taking this path, recall that, given variables &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; (for the sake of example) and their respective scales &lt;math&gt;x_s&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y_s&lt;/math&gt;:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial^n y}{\partial x^n} = \frac{\partial^n \hat y}{\partial \hat x^n} \frac{y_s}{x_s^n} \qquad
; \quad x = x_s \hat x \ , \ y = y_s \hat y\,&lt;/math&gt;

So that makes things much easier. Performing the change of variables:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial \hat u}{\partial \hat t} \frac{u_s}{t_s} = 
\nu \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2} \frac{u_s}{D^2} - \frac{P_x}{\rho}\,\,&lt;/math&gt;

In the previous section, there was one unknown scale and one equation, so the unknown scale could be easily and ''uniquely'' isolated. Now, there are two unknown scales but only one equation (no, the BCs/IC will not help). What to do?

The physical meaning of scales may be taken into consideration. Ask: &quot;What should the scales represent?&quot;

'''There is no unique answer''', but '''good''' answers for this problem are:

:*&lt;math&gt;u_s&lt;/math&gt; characterizes the steady state velocity.
:*&lt;math&gt;t_s&lt;/math&gt; characterizes the response time: the time to establish steady state.

Once again, these are '''picked''' (however, for this problem there really aren't any other choices). In order to determine the scales, the physics of each situation is considered. There may not be unique choices, but there are best choices, and these are the &quot;correct&quot; choices. An understanding of what each term in the PDE represents is vital to identifying these &quot;correct&quot; choices, and this is notated below:

:&lt;math&gt;\underbrace{\frac{\partial \hat u}{\partial \hat t} \frac{u_s}{t_s}}_{\text{acceleration}} = 
\underbrace{\nu \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2} \frac{u_s}{D^2}}_{\text{viscosity}} - 
\underbrace{\frac{P_x}{\rho}}_{
\begin{smallmatrix}
  \text{driving}\\
  \text{force}
\end{smallmatrix}
}\,&lt;/math&gt;

For the velocity scale, a steady state condition is required. In that case, the time derivate (acceleration) must ''small''. We could obtain the characteristic velocity associated with a steady state condition by ''requiring'' that the acceleration be something small (read: zero), stating that the second derivative is &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;, and solving:

:&lt;math&gt;0 = \frac{u_s}{D^2} \cdot 1 - \frac{P_x}{\nu \rho} \Rightarrow u_s = \frac{D^2 P_x}{\nu \rho}\,&lt;/math&gt;

This is the same as the velocity scale found in the previous section. This is expected since both situations are describing the same steady state condition. The neglect of acceleration equates to what's called a '''balance between driving force and viscosity''' since driving force and viscosity are all that remain.

Getting the time scale may be a little more elusive. The time associated with achieving steady state is dictated by the acceleration and the viscosity, so it follows that the time scale may be obtained by considering '''a balance between acceleration and viscosity'''. Note that this statement has nothing to do with pressure, so it should apply to a variety of disturbances. To balance the terms, pretend that the derivatives are &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt; quantities and disregard the pressure:

:&lt;math&gt;1 \cdot \frac{u_s}{t_s} = \nu \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{u_s}{D^2} + 0 \Rightarrow t_s = \frac{D^2}{\nu}\,&lt;/math&gt;

This is a statement that:

:*The smaller the viscosity, the longer you wait for steady state to be achieved.
:*The smaller the separation distance, the less you wait for steady state to be achieved.

Hence, the scale describes what will affect the transient time and how. The results may seem counterintuitive, but they are verified by experiment if the pressure is truly a constant capable of combating possibly huge viscosity forces for a high viscosity fluid.

Compare these scales to constants seen in the full, dimensional solution:

:&lt;math&gt;u(y, t) = \frac{D^2 P_x}{2 \rho \nu} \left(\frac{y^2}{D^2} - \frac{y}{D} - \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} e^{-\frac{\nu (n \pi)^2}{D^2} \cdot t} \cdot \frac{4 (-1)^n - 4}{n^3 \pi^3} \sin(\frac{n \pi}{D} y) \right)\,&lt;/math&gt;

The velocity scales match in order of magnitude, nothing new there. But examine the time constant (extracted from the exponential factor) and compare to the time scale:

:&lt;math&gt;\mbox{time constant} = \frac{D^2}{\nu (n \pi)^2} \quad ; \quad t_s = \frac{D^2}{\nu}\,&lt;/math&gt;

They are of the same order with respect to the physical parameters, though they'll differ by nearly a factor of 10 when &lt;math&gt;n = 1&lt;/math&gt;. This result is more useful then it looks. Note that after determining the velocity scale, all three terms of the equation may have been considered to isolate a time scale. This would've been a poor choice that wouldn't have agreed with the time constant above since it wouldn't be describing the required settling between viscosity and acceleration.

Suppose that, for some problem, a time dependent PDE is too hard to solve, but the steady state version is easier and it is what you're interested in. A natural question would be: &quot;How long do I wait until steady state is achieved?&quot;

The time scale provided by a proper scale analysis will at least give an idea. In this case, assuming that the first term of the sum in the solution is dominant, the time scale will overestimate the response time by nearly a factor of 10, which is priceless information if you're otherwise clueless. This overestimate is actually a good (safe) overestimate, it's always better to wait longer and be certain of the steady state condition. Scales in general have a tendency to overestimate.

Before closing this section, consider the actual nondimensionalization of the PDE. During the scale analysis, the coefficients of the last two terms were equated and later the coefficients of the first two terms were equated. This implies that the nondimensionalized PDE will be:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial \hat u}{\partial \hat t} = \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2} - 1\,\,&lt;/math&gt;

And this may be verified by substituting the expressions found for the scales into the PDE. This dimensionless PDE, too, turned out to be completely independent of the physical parameters involved, which is very convenient.

===Heat Flow Across a Thin Wall===

Now, an important utility of scale analysis will be introduced: determining what's important in an equation and, better yet, what's not.

As mentioned in the introduction to the [[Partial Differential Equations/The Laplacian and Laplace's Equation|Laplacian]], steady state heat flow in a homogeneous solid may be described by, in three dimensions:

:&lt;math&gt;\nabla^2 = 0 \qquad \xrightarrow{\mathrm{It's \ 3D.}} \qquad \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2} + \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial z^2} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

Now, suppose we're interested in the heat transfer inside a large, relatively '''thin''' wall, with differing temperatures (not necessarily uniform) on different sides of the wall. The word 'thin' is crucial, write it down on your palm right now. You should suspect that if the wall is indeed thin, the analysis could be simplified somehow, and that's what we'll do.

Not caring about what happens at the edges of the wall, a BVP may be written:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2} + \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial z^2} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(x, y, 0) = f(x, y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;u(x, y, D) = g(x, y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;D&lt;/math&gt; is the thickness of the wall (implication: &lt;math&gt;z&lt;/math&gt; is the coordinate across the wall). Suppose that the wall is a boxy object with dimensions &lt;math&gt;s \times s \times D&lt;/math&gt;. Using the box dimensions as scales,

:&lt;math&gt;x = s \hat x \ , \quad y = s \hat y \ , \quad z = D \hat z \ , \quad u = u_s \hat u\,&lt;/math&gt;

Only the scale of &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; is unknown. Substituting into the PDE,

:&lt;math&gt;
\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat x^2} \frac{u_s}{s^2} + 
\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2} \frac{u_s}{s^2} + 
\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2} \frac{u_s}{D^2} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;
\left(
\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat x^2} + \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2} 
\right) \left(\frac{D}{s}\right)^2 + 
\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

Note that the scale on &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; divided out &amp;mdash; so a logical choice must be made for it's scale; in this case it'd be an extreme boundary value (ie, the maximum value of &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{max}(f, g)&lt;/math&gt;), let's say it's chosen and taken care of. Thanks to this scaling and the rearrangement that followed, we may get a good idea of the ''magnitude'' of each term in the equation:

:&lt;math&gt;
\bigg(
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat x^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)} + 
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)}
\bigg) \cdot\underbrace{\left(\frac{D}{s}\right)^2}_{?} + 
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

Each derivative is approximately &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;. But what about the squared ratio of dimensions? This is called a ''dimensionless parameter''. Look at your palm now (the one you don't write with), recall the word &quot;thin&quot;. &quot;Thin&quot; in this case means exactly the same thing as:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{D}{s} \ll 1\,&lt;/math&gt;

And if the ratio above is much smaller then &lt;math&gt;1&lt;/math&gt;, then the square of this ratio is even smaller. Our dimensionless parameter is called a ''small parameter''. When a parameter is small, there are many opportunities to simplify analysis; the simplest would be to state that it's too small to matter, so that:

:&lt;math&gt;
\bigg(
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat x^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)} + 
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat y^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)}
\bigg) \cdot \underbrace{\left(\frac{D}{s}\right)^2}_{
\begin{smallmatrix}
  \text{really}\\
  \text{small}
\end{smallmatrix}
} + 
\underbrace{\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2}}_{\mathcal{O}(1)} = 0
\quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2} = 0
\,&lt;/math&gt;

What was just done couldn't have been justified without scaling variables so that their derivatives are (likely) &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;, since you have no idea what order they are otherwise. We know that each derivative is hopefully &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;, but some of these &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt; derivatives carry a very small factor. Only then can terms be righteously dropped. The dimensionless BVP becomes:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(s \hat x, s \hat y, 0) = \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(s \hat x, s \hat y, 1) = \hat g(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

Note that it's still a partial differential equation (the &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; varialbes haven't been made irrelevant &amp;ndash; look at the BCs). Also note that scaling on &lt;math&gt;u&lt;/math&gt; is undone since it cancels out anyway (the scale could've still been picked as, say, a maximum boundary value). This problem may be solved very simply by integrating the PDE twice with respect to &lt;math&gt;z&lt;/math&gt;, and then considering the BCs:

:&lt;math&gt;\int \frac{\partial^2 \hat u}{\partial \hat z^2} \ d\hat z = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\int \frac{\partial \hat u}{\partial \hat z} \ d\hat z = C_1(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(x, y, z) = z C_1(s \hat x, s \hat y) + C_2(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;C_1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;C_2&lt;/math&gt; are integration &quot;constants&quot;. The first BC yields:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(x, y, 0) = \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;0 \cdot C_1(s \hat x, s \hat y) + C_2(s \hat x, s \hat y) = \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)\quad 
\Rightarrow C_2(s \hat x, s \hat y) = \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)
\,&lt;/math&gt;

And the second:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(x, y, 1) = \hat g(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;1 \cdot C_1(s \hat x, s \hat y) + \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y) = \hat g(s \hat x, s \hat y)\quad 
\Rightarrow C_1(s \hat x, s \hat y) = \hat g(s \hat x, s \hat y) - \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)
\,&lt;/math&gt;

The solution is:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat u(x, y, z) = z \cdot (\hat g(s \hat x, s \hat y) - \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)) + \hat f(s \hat x, s \hat y)\,&lt;/math&gt;

It's just saying that the temperature varies linearly from one wall face to the other. It's worth noting that in practice, once scaling is complete, the hats on variables are &quot;dropped&quot; for neatness and to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome.

===Words of Caution===

[[Image:PDEBook0018.png|680px|frame|Failure of one dimensional flow approximation.]]

&quot;Extreme caution&quot; is more fitting.

In the wall heat transfer problem, we took the partial derivatives in &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y&lt;/math&gt; to be &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;, and this was justified by the scaling: &lt;math&gt;\hat x&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\hat y&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\hat u&lt;/math&gt; are &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt;, so the derivatives must be so as well. Right?

Not necessarily. That they're &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt; is a ''linear approximation'', however if the function &lt;math&gt;u(x, y, z)&lt;/math&gt; is significantly nonlinear with respect to a variable of interest, then the derivatives may not be as &lt;math&gt;O(1)&lt;/math&gt; as thought. In this problem, one way that this can happen is if the temperature at each wall face (the functions &lt;math&gt;f(x, y)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;g(x, y)&lt;/math&gt;) have large and differing Laplacians. This '''will''' result in three dimensional heat conduction.

Examine carefully the image at right. Suppose that side length is ten times the wall thickness; &lt;math&gt;f(x, y)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;g(x, y)&lt;/math&gt; have zero Laplacians everywhere except along circles where temperatures suddenly change. At these locations, the Laplacian can be huge (unbounded if the sudden changes are discontinuities). This will suggest that the derivatives in question are ''not'' O(1) but much greater, so that these terms become important even though in this case:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{D}{s} = 0.1 \Rightarrow \left(\frac{D}{s}\right)^2 = 0.01 \ll 1\,&lt;/math&gt;

Which is as required by the scale analysis: the wall is clearly thin. But apparently, the small thinness ratio multiplied by the large derivatives leads to significant quantities.

Both the exact solution and the solution to the problem approximated through scaling are shown at the location of a cutting plane. The exact solution shows at least two dimensional heat transfer, while the solution of the simplified solution shows only one dimensional heat transfer and is substantially different.

It's easy to see why the 1D approximation fails even without knowing what a Laplacian is: this is a heat transfer problem involving the diffusion of temperature, and the temperature will clearly need to diffuse along &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; near the sudden changes within the wall (can't say the same about the BCs since they're fixed).

The caption of the figure starts with the word &quot;failure&quot;. Is it really a failure? That depends on what you're looking for, it may or may not be. Note that if the wall were even thinner and the sudden jumps not discontinuities, the exact and 1D solutions could again eventually become indistinguishable.

{{clr}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Banana Cream-Crunch Pie</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>112389</id>
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      <id>4448952</id>
      <parentid>4437426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:47:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1926" sha1="0eicd4l6ia4875bumlzifgvrnt08p2s" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Pie recipes|servings=6–8 servings|time=2 hours|difficulty=1}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Southern cuisine|Southern cuisine]] | [[Cookbook:Vegetarian cuisine|Vegetarian Cuisine]] | [[Cookbook:Holiday Recipes|Holiday Recipes]] | [[Cookbook:Dessert|Dessert]] 

==Ingredients==

* 1 package (3.4 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]]) banana cream-flavored [[Cookbook:Pudding Mix|pudding mix]]
* 1 [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] [[Cookbook:Milk|milk]]
* 5 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoons]] [[Cookbook:Coffee Liqueur|coffee liqueur]] (optional), divided
* 1 container (8 oz) frozen [[Cookbook:Whipped topping|whipped topping]]
* 2 [[Cookbook:Banana|bananas]], [[Cookbook:Slicing|sliced]]
* 1 ea. 6 oz [[Cookbook:Chocolate|chocolate]] [[Cookbook:Graham Cracker|graham cracker]] [[Cookbook:Pie Crust|pie crust]]
* 3 ea. 1.4 oz [[Cookbook:Toffee|toffee]] candy bars, [[Cookbook:Chopping|chopped]]

==Procedure==

# Combine pudding mix, milk, and 4 tablespoons liqueur in a medium bowl.
# Stir with [[Cookbook:Whisk|wire whisk]] until smooth.
# Gently [[Cookbook:Folding|fold]] 1 cup whipped topping into pudding mix.
# [[Cookbook:Tossing|Toss]] banana slices with remaining 1 tablespoon liqueur and arrange in crust.
# Sprinkle with half of chopped candy.
# Spoon pudding mixture over chopped candy.
# Cover and chill 1½ hours until set.
# Spoon remaining whipped topping on top of pie just before serving.
# Sprinkle with remaining chopped candy.

[[Category:Southern U.S. recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Pie and tart recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Pudding recipes]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Banana recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Chocolate recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Milk recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Coffee liqueur recipes]]
[[Category:Graham cracker recipes]]
[[Category:Crumb crust recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Western Music History/Contemporary Music</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>4448783</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:26:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>more important then &gt; more important than</comment>
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      <text bytes="108528" sha1="kcc7mpxtdxexydpafed8goeo8vbtr28" xml:space="preserve">{{stub}}
The Contemporary Music period is the period following the [[../Modern Music/|Modern Music period]].  It is generally considered to have lasted from 1945 A.D. to the present.

Contemporary music is (in general) based on originality. Then Contemporary artists use dissonances and tried to disobey &quot;the laws&quot; that music had followed for many years.

After the Romantic period, music began to differentiate into many varying genres, and as a result contemporary music as a term is used to denote the time period, rather than style.

There are many sub-categories of Contemporary music, like minimalism, a style utilising limited music materials that has been explored by many artists including Steve Reich, John Adams, and Philip Glass. Other genres include neoromanticism, serialism, and postmodernism.

The Contemporary Era was formed during the last quarter of the nineteenth century through a painting movement called impressionism. Around 1870 a group of French painters rejected the Romantic Era. Twentieth Century music reflects the influences of art and literature of the mechanistic atomic age.
The pleasant sounding impressionistic music, characterised by composers like Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel, gave way to experiments with twelve tone music, often associated with the Second Viennese School. Some composers drew inspiration from across the world, like Olivier Messiaen, whose modes of limited transposition did not permit traditional cadences, and as a result his work is sometimes considered to be outside of the Western Classical Music tradition.

Contemporary music also encompasses genres which may not be considered 'classical' by an average person. Many of these are often reliant on the quite recent invention of synthesised sounds or non-traditional scales and chords, such as jazz or electronic music.

As well as these, different people from the romantic era made variations of there songs so they could add Impressionism.Some of these composers include Béla Bartók, Igor Stravinsky, Sergei Prokofiev, Aaron Copland, Dmitri Shostakovich, Samuel Barber, and Henryk Gorecki.

The music also contains non-western melodies and leaves out romanticism.The Contemporary also introduces new scales as bases for melodies (whole-tone, modes, and chromatic) and chord uses. Some common characteristics, which are not always present and are not only specific to this period, include:

# Fewer lyrical melodies than other periods.
# Dissonant Harmonies
# Complex rhythms
# Percussiveness
# Greater use of percussion,brass,and woodwind.
# Uses synthetic and electronic sounds

== Film Score ==

Original scores flourished during the 1960s and many composers began to compose original scores for whatever movies they worked on. Musicals also began to become exceedingly popular, both animated and live-action. By the late 1960s, the number of musicals that were being filmed and released began to decrease as live-action films that did not involve the characters singing became more popular. The exception to this is the great and popular movie musical The Sound of Music.

In the 1960s, film scores had begun to evolve once again. The evolution was gradual, but the sixties marked the true beginning of symphonies in film scores. Many movies during the late fifties and early sixties were movies and stories based on historical events, epics, or popular novels. The film music of this time was extremely dramatic and required larger ensembles. Movies of this time such as Cleopatra, Planet of the Apes, Goldfinger, To Kill A Mockingbird, and most importantly, Psycho. 

== Leitmotif ==
Psycho was an American horror film that was scored by Bernard Herrmann and released in 1960. This film is the first American film to ever have an original leitmotif used in a movie score. A leitmotif is a musical theme that is supposed to be identified or associated with a person, idea, place, or thing and it is credited to have been used mostly by Richard Wagner though earlier composers such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart have used this technique as well. Bernard Herrmann created a theme of three notes for characters in the film Psycho.

== John Williams ==
[[File:John Williams with Boston Pops-1.jpg|thumb|John Williams]]
John Williams, one of the greatest composers and film scorers of all time employs the use of the leitmotif in most if not all of his works. John Williams’ career spans eight decades and during this time he has composed for some of the most popular movies and franchises, such as Star Wars, Jaws, Superman, Indiana Jones, Jurassic Park and Harry Potter. John Williams utilizes Bernard Herrmann’s idea of using leitmotifs in movies and takes it a step further by creating various themes and leitmotifs for specific characters. He created one theme or leitmotif for each character and whenever this character is on screen or is spoken of, the theme or a variation of the theme will play. Star Wars is the first film to have specific themes per character or place, for example, Darth Vader has The Imperial March or Yoda has Yoda’s Theme. John Williams’ idea of using different leitmotifs throughout the entire film score for various characters became a central part of films, especially those that have sequels and prequels as well as films in specific genres such as action, science fiction, adventure, and romance.

== Film Score in the 21st Century ==
Today, in the twenty-first century, film score continues to grow, especially the use of leitmotifs. Many composers such as Hans Zimmer, Ludwig Göransson, Alan Silvestri, Danny Elfman, and Joe Hisaishi still employ the use of leitmotifs in their film scores. Film score is an integral part of movies today, especially big blockbuster films that are put out by certain companies such as Disney, Marvel, DC, Warner Brothers, Universal Studios, etc.

== Lin-Manuel Miranda ==
Lin-Manuel Miranda is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, performer, and producer. He was born on January 16, 1980 at Roosevelt Hospital in Manhattan in New York, NY. He was raised in Northern Manhattan by his parents, Luis A. Miranda who works as a Democratic Party consultant and Dr. Luz Towns-Miranda who works as a clinical psychologist. Lin-Manuel Miranda has an older sister named Luz Miranda-Crespo who works as the Chief Financial Officer of a strategic consulting firm in Government and Communications. He studied theatre at Wesleyan College where he graduated in 2002.

Lin-Manuel Miranda started writing musicals during high school, and during his days in Wesleyan College (1999), he started his first draft of the musical “In the Heights.” He wrote songs that introduced concepts such as free-style rap and salsa music. Unfortunately, “In the Heights” was turned down by many broadway executives multiple times throughout the years because they thought that the characters in the musical lacked drama. “Why isn’t she pregnant? Why isn’t she in a gang?” were some of the ideas that the executives wanted Miranda to add to his musical.

After he graduated, he took on several jobs while working on and perfecting “In the Heights.” He worked as a substitute English teacher for his old high school, a newspaper columnist, and a jingle writer for political campaigns. In 2004, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Anthony Veneziale, and Thomas Kail founded Freestyle Love Supreme, a hip-hop improv group which they developed into a touring group. They performed in various festivals and venues, and even had their own 11-episode television series in 2014. 
In 2008, “In the Heights” finally premiered on Broadway. It was performed over 1000 times and received 4 Tony Awards including one for Best Musical and Best Original Score. It was then adapted as a film in 2021. In 2010, Miranda married his old high school friend, Vanessa Nadal at the age of 30. He co-wrote music and lyrics for the musical “Bring It On: The Musical” the next year. His next broadway show was “Hamilton&quot; in 2015. He once again worked with Thomas Kail to produce a groundbreaking musical where he featured non-white actors to perform as the founding fathers. His idea stemmed from a biography on the founding father in 2009. He was inspired to write a rap about Alexander Hamilton, resulting in the creation of “Hamilton.” He also starred in his own musical as Alexander Hamilton. “Hamilton” received 11 Tony Awards including a Tony Award and a Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It also received a Grammy award for the best musical theatre album. Miranda also won a MacArthur Foundation genius grant.

In 2016, Lin-Manuel Miranda was the primary songwriter for Disney’s “Moana.” He found this opportunity a lighthearted break from writing about American History. He said in an interview, “I don’t have to deal with American History, I don’t have to deal with facts.” He wrote music with Opetaia Tavita Foa’i from Samoa and his vocal group Te Vaka to create a lot of the ethnic colors and backgrounds in their music. It took the songwriters and studio three years to finally complete the music for the animated film. Lin-Manuel Miranda won a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media for the song “How Far I’ll Go” in Moana.
He also wrote music for the film “Mary Poppins Returns” in 2018. In 2021, He wrote music for Columbia Picture and Sony Pictures Animation “Vivo”. He also starred in the same film as the protagonist of the film, Vivo. Some of the songs he wrote in Vivo were “One of a Kind” which he sang himself, and “My Own Drum.” He was working on these songs for a few years, but Disney did not end up making the film so all of his songs were sent back and was put aside. Fortunately, they ended up working on it again, and Miranda was elated. The same year, he wrote music for Disney’s “Encanto.” All of the songs in this film was written by Miranda, and he was more than happy to do so. Some of the songs include “We Don’t Talk About Bruno,” “The Family Madrigal,” and “Surface Pressure.” Lin-Manuel Miranda won multiple awards for “Encanto,” including the Annie Award for Outstanding Achievement for Music in an Animated Feature, a Satellite Award for Best Original Song for “Colombia, Mi Encanto”. Miranda also contributed Spanish Translations for the musical “West Side Story.” He also contributed to children's shows such as “The Electric Company,” “Sesame Street,” and “Star Wars VII and IX.”

Lin-Manuel Miranda debuted as a film director with “Tick, Tick…Boom!” This was an adaptation of a semi-autobiographical musical “Tick, Tick…Boom!” by Jonathan Larson. It was released on Netflix in 2021. This time, he did not write any songs for the film; instead, he still used the songs that were written by Jonathan Larson. Miranda was not just active in the field of music making—he was also very involved and supportive especially when it came to his parents’ place of origin: Puerto Rico. He publicly supported the Puerto Rico Oversight Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA) in 2016, and in the next year, the proceeds from his song “Almost Like Praying” raised $22 million dollars to help the people affected by the hurricanes Maria and Irma in Puerto Rico. When Miranda was 38, he participated in the Families Belong Together rally to oppose Trump’s Family Separation Policy.

== Music and the Brain==
“Music is not only seen as art and entertainment but as an essential manner of sensorial patterning that increases long-range memory, reading skills, and physical development.”(Don G. Campbell). Music can be an abstract subject and yet so close to us. Since our childhood, it has been present in nursery rhymes; we can hear it in stores, in movies (it allows us to have a particular atmosphere), ... During our analysis, we will try to understand its impact on our brain and its benefits. 

'''&lt;u&gt;I) Music processing by the brain&lt;/u&gt;'''
The brain is an organ that weighs nearly 1.3 kilograms; it is one of the most protected organs. It is made up of 75% water and consumes between 15 and 20% of the energy produced by the body. As you can see in the picture, the brain is divided into four parts: The Pink part, which represents the parietal lobe which contains the touch, the pain, and the hearing. Then, the blue part represents the frontal lobe which is in charge of muscle control, speech, and creativity. The brown part is the occipital lobe that manages sight. Finally, the yellow part represents the temporal lobe which directs the reading, memory, smell, emotion, and taste. 
	(Daniel J.Levitin, Appendix A)	
	The melody consists of vibrations in the air that are transmitted from specific frequencies—the ripples. The frequency (which is expressed in Hertz) determines the pitch of the sound. Note A; the reference note has a frequency of 440 Hz. The human ear can hear from a low frequency of 20 Hz (lower is the infrasound) to a maximum of 20 000 Hz. (above are the ultrasounds). When we listen to music, there are some definitions to have that we will list to understand the musical vocabulary better. 

“Melody is the main theme of a musical piece, the part you sing along with, the succession of tones that are more salient in your mind.” (Levitin, page 16)
“ Harmony has to do with relationships between the pitches of different tones to lead to expectations for what will come next in a musical piece.” (Levitin, page 17)
“ Pitch is a purely psychological construct, related both to the actual scale. It provides the answer to the question “what note is that?” (Levitin, page 15)
“Rhythm refers to the duration of a series of notes and the way that they group together into units.” (Levitin, page 15)

'''&lt;u&gt;II- How the brain perceives music&lt;/u&gt;'''
The auditory cortex is activated when listening to music, and musical imagery is also stimulated. Let's take the example of Beethoven (example mentioned in one of the books). We know that he became deaf, and yet this did not prevent him from continuing to compose. Of course, he could no longer hear, but thanks to his musical knowledge and the memory he had accumulated in this field, he could only compose music intellectually.  
Although we are constantly surrounded by music, there are also people who are insensitive to it. The construction of musical pleasure is a gradual process and, as we have seen before, it involves different parts of the brain. The &quot;musical anhedonic&quot; would not have been able to set up the basis of a dialogue between perception, memory, and pleasure in the brain. This means that they can understand music in an intellectual way, but not feel any emotion, although they can tell the difference between nostalgic music and happier music. 

According to neuroscience research, musical pleasure is built up over time. The emotions that are provoked by certain music are linked to specific events. &quot;Musical pleasure is built up in stages, from the raw, visceral effect to the aesthetic feeling of the informed music lover.&quot; ( Emmanuel Bigand). The levels of musical enjoyment are divided into three levels: First, visceral pleasure, which occurs at the physical level, our body feels the vibrations, the tactile receptors of the skin as well, and this is more than enough to create an emotion in the listener. Then, the emotional pleasure is based on elements stored in the memory. This can also cause the &quot;musical thrill.&quot; This is linked to the auditory cortex and the memory of lived experiences. And finally, aesthetic pleasure is characterized as the &quot;expert pleasure&quot; due to the fact that it is constructed culturally. The satisfaction comes from having musical knowledge, of having the possibility of being able to understand and decipher works, and it is not innate. Of course, the three can be felt simultaneously or independently.

'''&lt;u&gt;III-The beneficial effects of Music&lt;/u&gt;''' 
Music has also affected mental health since the beginning of time. According to Pythagoras in the &quot;Jamborean Philosophy,&quot; &quot;Music moved souls from one state to its opposite. Crying, anger, self-pity, irrational desires, fears, desires of all kinds. Each of these disorders was brought back to the corresponding virtue by means of the appropriate melodies, as using an effective and carefully prepared medicine.&quot; In the Tule tribe in the Amazon, Music is used to deter the various predators that prowl around the village at night. 
For example, music therapy is recognized and has been used for patients with Parkison. &quot; The patient can regain a fluent motor flow with Music, but once the Music stops, so too does the flow. A lot of research in neuroscience shows that it can relieve different pathologies. It allows stimulating certain parts of the brain. Here is an example: a stroke patient who learns to play the piano will enable him to rehabilitate his motor skills little by little. This practice stimulates the motor cortex, and this association would contribute to the reorganization of the motor cortex damaged by the stroke.
	The brain of a musician is built differently because they use touch, sight, and hearing. These hours of practice will change the growth of his brain. The earlier a child starts, the more brain changes there will be. Moreover, children who have played an instrument have a better representation of the intonation of their language, a richer vocabulary, read better and learn a foreign language quickly. Playing an instrument regularly will cause changes in the neural substrates. Moreover, when we look at the imagery of the motor cortex (which is responsible for hand movements), pianists have more developed hands, and violinists have asymmetrical hands due to the bow's holding and the rapid movements made with the left hand. 

To conclude, we have seen that music and memory are closely linked. Music brings advantages and allows to development of cognitive abilities that are not necessarily related to music. It is part of all cultures and is present in different aspects of a human being's life, such as nursery rhymes, religious services, or music therapy for people with mental illnesses. It provides a social and playful connection and strengthens the bonds between people. &quot;There is something about music's evocative and expressive power that is not found in verbal or written forms.&quot;
== The Development of Psychedelic Music ==
''' INTRODUCTION '''

The word psychedelic was coined by British psychiatrist Humphry Osmond in 1957. It comprises two Greek words, i.e., “Psyche” which means the soul, and “Deloun” which means to manifest. The term Psychedelic, therefore, implies the ability to manifest the soul. In modern times, the term psychedelic is mainly used to describe hallucinatory drugs like LSD and cannabinoids and the “mind-altering” effects they have on people. The use of psychedelic drugs dramatically increased in the 1960s, and that laid the foundation for one of the most radical and abrupt developments in music history as well as Western society as a whole. What makes the psychedelic music genre fascinating is its rapid development and its short duration, which was marked by the use and disuse (due to the ban) of excessive psychedelic drug consumption. Psychedelic rock music was a massive part of the countercultural decade and was the main driving force of society in the Western world. This article summarizes the developments that took place before and during the 1960s that facilitated the rise of this incredible genre. 

'''THE BEGINNING OF PSYCHEDELIC MUSIC'''

The birth of Impressionism and Symbolism in 19th-century art and the rise of programmatic music are credited with laying the foundation for elements of the psychedelic music genre. In 1830, Hector Berlioz’s “Symphonie Fantastique” illustrated an opium-induced nightmare of unrequited love and desire. Robert Schumann described it as “so intense in every note as to defy normal harmonization.” Berlioz’s program notes for the symphony instill such distress and misery into the listener as the symphony unfolds. Leonard Bernstein rightly described this symphony as “the first musical expedition into psychedelia.” 
The 1894 “Prelude to the Afternoon of the Fawn” by Claude Debussy is another excellent example of psychedelic music from that time. Debussy produced a free-flowing, dream-like, almost kaleidoscopic feel in the piece that puts the listener in a sort of trance. You can hear a lot of ‘Debussyesque’ references in the psychedelic music of the 1960s. 

'''THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION'''

Romantic music was prevalent during the Industrial Revolution, which offered the musicians of that time great freedom to express themselves. One of the main features of the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine, which allowed musicians to travel extensively from one place to another and share ideas. The concert halls became bigger and the rise of the middle class allowed more people to attend concerts and influence the development of music. The Industrial Revolution kick-started the mass production of instruments, which enabled many people to own instruments and learn music. People were exposed to a new type of sound, i.e., noise which ranged from the clanking of metal in the factories to the sounds of the steam engine. Luigi Russolo, an Italian futurist, in his treatise “The Art of Noises” in 1913, said that noise was “ripe for artistic exploitation.” He urged composers to take advantage of these new sounds and incorporate them into their compositions to stay relevant to the current state of humanity. 

'''FUSION OF MUSIC AND NOISE'''

Edgard Varèse almost single-handedly laid the foundation for mainstream electronic and psychedelic music. He collaborated with scientists and engineers to create melodies from new sources of sound. He experimented with tape loops and gave us the concept of “organized sound.”  Poème électronique composed by him in 1958, expanded the potential and scope of music at that time. His exceptional use of “non-musical” sound throughout the piece, coupled with the film and lights show that accompanied its debut at Brussels’s World Fair, was one of the first multimedia artworks that fused architecture, sound engineering, graphic visuals, and noise together into one complex unit. Many concepts pioneered by Varèse, such as tape manipulations, organized sound, etc, were used by bands such as the Beatles and Pink Floyd. The song “Money” from the album “The Dark Side of the Moon” by Pink Floyd is a fabulous example of using noise in music. 

'''THE 1960S AND THE RISE OF PSYCHEDELIC ROCK'''

People in the Western world were put through one traumatic event after another. They went through two World wars, they went through the great depression, and they lost friends and family. Without proper mental health professionals to help society get through trauma, the West became a sort of pressure cooker ready to explode. This explosion gave rise to the counterculture in the 1960s, leading to hippie and beatnik culture. The people of this time heavily consumed LSD and fought against systemic racism. They fought for equal rights and were anti-war. People embraced Eastern philosophy and music. Indian and Middle Eastern influences can be heard in the music produced at this time. Psychedelic music used popular Indian instruments like the sitar and tabla. Psychedelic music performances now offered multi-modal and multi-sensory experiences, which, coupled with the consumption of psychedelic substances, produced a mind-altering effect in the audience. For the first time in music history, visual art, music and philosophy caught up and fuelled each other. Psychedelic rock peaked in 1969 at the Woodstock Festival, which featured important psychedelic rock bands of that time like Santana, Jefferson Airplane, and Jimi Hendrix. Other influential psychedelic rock bands of this time were Pink Floyd, Quicksilver Messenger Service, The Beatles, and the Rolling Stones. 

'''DECLINE OF PSYCHEDELIC ROCK MUSIC'''

LSD was classified as a Class A drug in the UK in 1971 and was classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the US in 1970. The ban on LSD single-handedly brought the development of psychedelic music to a standstill. The “acid casualties” of Danny Kirwan of the band Fleetwood Mac, Syd Barrett of Pink Floyd, Brian Jones of the Rolling Stones, and many others gave people a frightening reality check into the danger of drug overdose. The catastrophic and violent events that unfolded at the Altamont Free Concert, coupled with the Charles Manson murders, spread fear among people regarding the counterculture movement and shut down the last remaining sparks of LSD fuelled music. People subjected to the horrors of drugs and society now needed a newer and darker form of music to relate with, which caused Psychedelic music to develop into Hard rock, Heavy Metal, and Electronic rock music. 

'''CONCLUSION'''

The rise and fall of Psychedelic music is one of the most interesting phenomena in music history, as it began and ended with the consumption of psychoactive drugs (LSD). Researching the development of this genre taught me that music is the sound of society. Psychedelic rock and the rise of the countercultural movement aimed at bringing peace to people at a time of grief, but unfortunately, like the saying “too much of a good thing is bad for you,” the overconsumption of psychedelic substances brought an end to this incredible genre. 

== Rock Music ==
[[File:Fats Domino Hamburg 1973 1605730021.jpg|thumb|Fats Domino, a pioneer in Rock music]]
'''Background'''

Contemporary rock music is a very unique kind of music that started out mostly in the 1950’s. After the 1950’s it started to get more and more popular. “Rock and roll of the mid-1950s evolved from the rhythm-and-blues, rockabilly, swing, and boogie-woogie of a few years earlier” &lt;ref&gt;Vallee, M. (2014). Rock and Roll [rock “n” roll]. Oxford Music Online.&lt;/ref&gt;. Rock music is mostly characterized and recognized as teenage rebellion especially in straight, white men. There are examples of this throughout the history of rock music. Examples such as how Thom Yorke was 17 years old when he started Radiohead. Also Angus Young was 18 years old when he started AC/DC. 

Even though rock music is characterized and often seen as rebellious teenagers there are other characteristics that help to define rock music as a whole. Rock music is  “grounded in the white consumption and appropriation of black rhythm and blues” &lt;ref&gt;Fast, S.(2014). Rock. Oxford Music Online.&lt;/ref&gt;. Rock music is also very riff based which is because of its heavy electric guitar presence within it. This helps rock music to create this distinct and destroyed, loud and sustained sound. This makes it unique from other genres. Rock music is also based off of blues music but with a more loud and heavy sound to it. 

There are rock and roll songs that are an expansion of blues songs. There are songs in rock music such as “House of the Rising Sun” by: The Animals, “Time is on my Side” by: The Rolling Stones are expanded off of blues songs. “House of the Rising Sun” was expanded from a blues song called “Rising Sun Blues” by: Tom Clarence Ashley and Gwen Foster. The original song by these two blues artists came out in 1933 while The Animals song came out in 1964. The song called “Time is on my Side” was first recorded in 1963 by a Jazz trombonist called Kai Winding. It was sung by a lady called Irma Thomas &lt;ref&gt;Edwards, P. (2021). 11 Classic Rock Hits That Are Actually Blues Songs. Classics Du Jour. &lt;/ref&gt;. The Rolling Stones made this into a rock song that became very popular. These are some rock song examples that were expanded off of blues songs and blues music characteristics.

'''Elvis Presley'''
[[File:Elvis Presley promoting Jailhouse Rock.jpg|thumb|Elvis Presley]]
When talking about rock and roll music one's mind often goes straight to Elvis Presley. Elvis Presley was a very successful rock and roll artist and he was dubbed and known as the “king of rock and roll”. He was one of the most successful rock and roll artists and started his career in rock music when he was just 19 years old in 1954. This also references back to the ideology of rock music as being the music of teenage rebellion. When Presley was “30 he [was] the highest paid performer in the history of show business”&lt;ref name=&quot;The King&quot;&gt;Jennings, R. (2021). “The King.” Saturday Evening Post, 293(4), 62–64.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Elvis Presley was known for his dance moves which were a little controversial. He received many criticisms but the reason for  doing this was explained by him. He explained how “When I sing, I just start jumping. If I stand still, I’m dead.”&lt;ref name=&quot;The King&quot;/&gt;. Another interesting thing about Elvis is that he did not know much about music, especially guitar. He explained how “Getting a guitar was mama’s idea. I beat on it a year or two and never did learn much about it. I still know only a few major chords.” &lt;ref name=&quot;The King&quot;/&gt;. This shows how talented Presley was, he is an icon of rock and roll.

'''Characteristics'''

There are many important things to look at like how Rock music is tonal. This means that it is made up of a single pitch class that makes up the tonal center, also known as the home pitch. This is the main point of focus. Other pitches and chords in songs relate to the tonal center. Each rock song also has a key with a scale in it. This is where the notes and chords in a song are drawn from when creating them. Social context and cultural meaning in rock music are also important.  Rock songs are different based on the social context and cultural background of the artist. This is what makes every song different and unique from one another. There are different elements of rock music that help to show how unique and different it is from other genres. 

'''Scales and Key'''

Scales and keys are an important part to understanding rock music. There are certain pitch organizations, modes and keys in rock that help define it. A scale system that is used are diatonic modes. Diatonic modes are the “primary system of pitch organization in rock” and “Ionian, Mixolydian, Dorian, and Aeolian are the most commonly used modes” &lt;ref name= &quot;Temperley&quot;&gt;Temperley, D. (2018). The Musical Language of Rock. Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;. There are many different well known rock songs that use these modes. There are songs such as U2’s “Pride (In the Name of Love)” that uses the Mixolydian mode, The Bees Gees’ song “Stayin Alive” uses the Dorian mode, The Who’s “The Kids are Alright” uses the Ionian mode and Nirvana’s “Smells like Teen Spirit” uses the Aeolian mode. 

Each of these modes were used and most popular in different periods of time throughout history. Each mode also has different triads. These are groups of 3 tones or a chord of 3 that make up a tonal harmony. The triads contain the major, or minor, or a mix of both chords. The different modes all have a very distinctive sound and all are unique. These modes help to also show how rock music is unique and how it has different traits from other genres.

The Mixolydian mode was most used and popular in the 1960’s and the triads are a combination of major and minor. The Dorian mode appeared and was popular in the 1960’s rock and roll music, but is very popular and common mostly in late 1970’s disco and funk music. The triads are also a combination of major and minor. The Aeolian mode was popular in the 1980’s where a new wave of music started. This was used in harder rock groups and songs. The triads for this mode are all minor. Lastly the Ionian mode is used in almost all of the subgenres in rock music. This is a major made and the triads are all major. 

'''Harmony'''

Harmony is also a very important aspect of rock music and is important to look at. One thing about harmony in rock is that “chords in rock are overwhelmingly triadic” and it is known that about “92.9% of the chords are major or minor triads” &lt;ref name=&quot;Temperley&quot;/&gt;. This accounts for a lot of chords in rock music, almost all of them. Another aspect of rock music that is common in harmonies is the use of power chords, also known as the open fifth chord. This is common in rock and roll as it helps to create that more sustained and distorted sound that is heard in rock music.

Many songs of rock and roll music in the 1950’s and 1960’s used the doo wop progression. This progression is a blues based progression, it is used in rhythm and blues music. Since there is that element that rock music evolved from blues music. Another progression that is seen as a blues progression is the twelve bar blues progression. This has also been used in rock and roll songs such as Elvis Presley’s “Jailhouse Rock”. This song uses a modified version of the twelve bar blues progression.

'''Rhythm and Meter'''

Rhythm and meter in rock and roll music is also important to consider and look into when learning about rock music. Tempo is important, when defining it, it “is essentially the speed of the tactus level defined as the number beats per minute (BPM); in rock, this is most often in a range of 80 to 140” beats per minute; This is most commonly used in rock and roll &lt;ref name=&quot;Temperley&quot;/&gt;.  The most common meter in rock music is 4/4, this is what most songs follow. 

For rhythm and meter the 1950’s had a 4/4 jazz swing feel that was really popular in a lot of songs. This is right when rock and roll was starting to develop so the jazz feel was more prominent. In the late 1950’s and the early 1960’s the doo-wop blues style was popular. This style has a slower meter. Starting at around 1964 a straight non swung style began to become popular. This is when rock music started to change. In the late 1960’s and the early 1970’s the simple duple meter which meant 2 beats per bar became popular. This was the start of the change from the 4/4 meter. After, irregular and shifting meters such as 5/8 and 7/8 started to arise. This was mostly used in progressive rock in the 1970’s, this is when artists started to experiment more. Lastly in the 1990’s a slower tempo started to arise again. This is the age of rap in rock music, this started to become popular and was a new trend in the 1990’s. Songs in this era favored a sixteenth-note syllabus rhythm. All of these help to describe and show the progression rhythm and meter of rock and roll music throughout history.

'''Melody'''

Melody is very strongly highlighted in rock and roll music. For the melody of rock the grouping of the notes is important. The grouping of them is simple, the grouping is close together notes that form groups and boundaries. These groupings are reinforced by the lyrics of the song. Accompaniment is also important because it corresponds with the melody. When it does this it helps to create a seamless flow of sound that ties the song together. Many rock songs also have a symmetrical and repetitive grouping structure. In this it shows the symmetrical and repetitive pitch patterns and rhymes. There are examples of this in The Beatles “She Loves You” or AC/DC’s “You Shook Me All Night Long”. 

'''Timbre and Instrumentation'''

Timbre and Instrumentation help to describe and show rock music as well. In rock music the use of overtones is used, this helps to create loudness and energy that is heard. Electric guitar is very present in rock as well as it helps to bring a distorted and new sound that defines rock music. Wah-Wah pedals are often used on electric guitars this filters the sound coming from the guitar and narrows the range of frequencies. Also the “electric guitar [is] equipped with the full range of special effects (distortion, flanging, echo)” these create audio effects &lt;ref name=&quot;Temperley&quot;/&gt;. An example of this is The Police’s “Walking on The Moon”, the electric guitar uses a phaser to help create that distorted sound. Other instruments that are used in rock are lead guitars, rhythm guitars, snare drum, bass drum, piano. These are the main instruments. 

'''Emotion and Tension'''

Emotion and Tension are important in music. Without emotion or tension the song would not be appealing. Some songs people listen to because they can relate to it for example. There is the difference between felt emotion and perceived emotion. What we feel and what we perceive. In rock a model called the Valence Dimension (positive vs negative emotion) is used. The circumplex model is used in the valence dimension. This is a “two-dimensional space having four quadrants: +valence +energy (joy and excitement) + valence - energy (calmness) - valence + energy (fear, anger) - valence - energy (sadness)” &lt;ref name=&quot;Temperley&quot;/&gt;. These are the four quadrants that rock music is based on usually. Lastly rhythm, tempo, loudness, timbral brightness and melody contrast in different energy levels and help to differentiate between hard rock and soft rock. These all come together to define the type of rock music and are important in defining them.

'''Importance'''

Rock music is important in the music industry and is important to know about and learn about. The development of rock music has been big throughout history and there are many different aspects of rock music that are important to explore. Rock music as a whole is very unique. This is a way for different people to express themselves and that is one thing that makes it so important.

==Music for fashion==

'''Background'''

According to the Journal of Dress, Body &amp; Culture, fashion is defined as &quot;the cultural construction of identity that encompasses all forms, from street styles to high fashion created by designers and dressmakers.&quot; Although the literal translation means &quot;modernity&quot; in French and &quot;luxury clothing craftsmanship&quot; in English, fashion encompasses all individuals in society regardless of their physical, social, or ethnic differences. Fashion is constantly evolving because it &quot;defines&quot; the clothing style and the attitude that an individual will have; to exert its influence, it can use different means (advertising, fashion shows, magazines, influencers, etc.). 
The music as the fashion also seeks to create a specific identity, and this is what, during the history has linked them.

'''Impact of music in fashion'''
 
Although the fashion has an ancient existence, it was only around the 1920s that music found its place in the world of fashion with the &quot;speakeasies&quot; (clothing and jazz style) where there was a particular &quot;national prohibition&quot; in the United States (Caroline Friedl) is served on the one hand as a means of expressing personal convictions (political, individuality, sexuality, etc.). Still, also it served as a source of inspiration and the appearance of new styles that impact our current era. 
We can say that the changes in styles have been mainly due to historical events such as the first world war for speakeasies or during the years of the cold war, which bring to the growth of punk rock. There is a strong link between fashion and music, although today's society is no longer influenced or inspired by past styles in the same way as it was before. 
Music and fashion have a broader approach, as a mixture/mix of differences to get a new genre. As a result, music seems to be more accurate to its rules than before because it doesn't necessarily identify with a particular dress style; for example, a jazz artist might dress in a dressy or provocative way.  
The evolution of music with fashion is thus a little more different from before because fashion obeys fewer rules than music. Nevertheless, it doesn't change that there is an interdependence between them. 

'''Description of Fashion Show'''

The fashion show appeared for the first time in 1858 in Italy, with the main purpose of showcasing different clothes by the designer. It has become a public event and an unavoidable appointment for personalities from different artistic worlds with the potential public consumers and followers of new styles. Now designers can share their creations but also in recent years to collaborate with musicians and also to have a &quot;massive media coverage&quot; (J-P. S). A fashion show or the representation of a collection is composed of three elements: the environment, the clothes, and the models. Its functioning is similar to the theater because everything is staged to ensure the best representation of the collection and thus seduce the audience. Therefore, it is a whole because each element must contribute to the success of the brand or the image of its creator.
The environment is the surrounding space where the models will have to parade with the brand's creations; it includes the lighting, the accessories, the decor, and the music. The environment is, therefore, symbolic space and not negligible. The clothes are both the most minor and most important element as they are perceived as an accessory in the atmosphere represented and what the spectators are expected to buy (and therefore wear). The models must meet the brand's requirements through their approach and their attitude. 
The fashion show is the exact representation of what fashion is, the way things can be put together to give it a particular image. It, therefore, requires creativity but above all coordination to &quot;bring to life&quot; the collection through image and sound. All 3 elements are interdependent, in other words, if a bad decision is made in one of these elements, the show (the presentation) can be ruined. Fashion shows are above all promotional events with the objective to touch the public with something other than only clothes.
The actual function of fashion week has since changed and has become a place of competition between fashion houses to increase their influence, impress the public, and be the fashion house that influences/transforms the culture.

'''The different ways of music used in fashion shows'''

The music is part of the environment (see paragraph above); its role is crucial because it defines the atmosphere and allows for a better collection display. There is no particular musical movement, the goal being to use the appropriate music for the collection, so there are all kinds of music (classical, electronic, etc.)
On the other hand, there are four different ways the music is used: soundtrack, a live performance that includes the orchestra, singers/rappers or even DJ. Those who &quot;produce&quot; the music for the fashion show are called musical directors and their function is to grasp the ethos, idea or concept of the collection before he sees anything, usually before he even sees any looks. 
An &quot;original soundtrack&quot; is a musical work (album) having for goal to be used in a film (sound universe: dialogues, effects, music)  contrary to a film soundtrack which concerns only the pieces of music produced for a film. It can be written by one or several composers. The principle used for the fashion show is the same as a film soundtrack. A set of sounds is ordered by composer(s) to represent the idea of the collection with specific requests according to the designer's intentions.
The live performance is recent; it concerns orchestras, singers/rappers, and DJs.
The orchestra is generally classical and interprets all types of music, but primarily classical, for example, in the Dior fashion show (2019-2020), where the &quot;Dior Quartet&quot; interprets the four seasons of Vivaldi or for a Louis Vuitton fashion show, the designer Benji B ordered the rapper Tyler, the creator who was played live by the Chineke Orchestra, directed by the conductor Gustavo Dudamel of the Paris Opera.
It is only recently that singers/rappers and DJs have been invited to perform during the fashion shows; their performances are usually free where they are not forced to interpret specific sounds and produce musical projects for these events, for example, &quot; the new musical project of Oliver (Wench) in collaboration with the electronic music DJ Arca&quot; (Persson). Also, today many artists in the United States perform for their shows, such as Kanye West for his collection but also create collections inspired by music (such as Shayne Oliver)

'''Function of music in fashion shows'''

Music is used for important reasons; it transforms a fashion show into something unique and alive. 
Functions that the music has in a fashion show :
-Have the audience's attention by creating an atmosphere that keeps the viewer interested and attentive to each detail of the fashion show but also to the whole story (foreshadow narrative)
-Provoke feelings; Fashion designers have always collaborated with musicians to produce specific outfits that would provoke emotions of love, joy, and sadness. 
-Represents the theme of the clothing because music gives meaning to the thoughts of the designer that help the musicians to create music with authentic fashion that defines the specific style of the designers.
-Brings rhythm to the fashion show (as opening themes, cut music, or background music); the music accompanying the shows also provides tempo and cadences for the models' steps. The timings change as the shows are built, so a particular synchronization is needed. If there are more/fewer looks than expected on the music, the show is no longer in &quot;rhythm.&quot; 

Each garment has its unique temperament of music; music is necessary for the success of a fashion show; it offers fashion show the visual and auditory enjoy an ideal environment; discussing the rhythm of music, rhythm, tone, and dress can bring the emotional resonance of the audience, the aesthetic feeling of mining both in shape, thus revealing the sound effect of music in the fashion show a style of music. Enjoy the music in the fashion show that realize the music interacts with the style of clothing, with the body and mind to understand the creation of the designer

'''Conclusion'''

A fashion show is much more than what is visible: beautiful people and elegant clothes parading down the catwalk. The fashion show is an art with a unique artistic language to build the dynamic fashion deductive and aesthetic by modeling the human form and music as a “performance”. But also, to build the participation of the auditory and visual imagination space.  The sound effect of music can not only make the model performance fully show the design concept and design style of fashion but also is a means of communication and dialogue between the designer and the public.

''''''Works cited''''''

-Sardone, A. (2021, August 9). A timeline of Music's influence over fashion. University of Fashion Blog. Retrieved April 24, 2022, from https://www.universityoffashion.com/blog/a-timeline-of-musics-influence-over-fashion/ 

- PERSSON, L. B. (2020, January 27), 24 Times Fashion Designers Got Their Beat From Music. Vogue.com / Runway. Retrieved April 24, 2022, from https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/24-times-fashion-designers-got-their-beat-from-music. 

- Olóndriz, P. (2021, August 11). Musique de fond pour les défilés de mode. Legis Music. Retrieved April 24, 2022, from https://legismusic.com/fr/musique-pour-defiles-et-mannequinat/ (Music producer company)

- Jean-Pascal Simard, J-P. S, (2006 March), Le défilé de mode comme « ÉVÉNEMENT » Théatral, Works for Master of Art University of Quebec, Avalaible from le défilé de mode comme « événement » théâtral : trois cas d'analyse : Viktor &amp; Rolf, Alexander McQueen et John Galliano (uqam.ca), Retrieved April 24, 2022 

-Lieberman, Stanley (2000), A Matter of Taste: How Names, Fashions and Culture Change with Time. New Haven: Yale University Press, Retrieved April 24, 2022

== Music Therapy ==

       Music therapy is a profession that has been established within the healthcare system, it has been recognized by The Canadian Association of Music Therapists since 1974. Music therapy holds practice in clinical settings as well as educational and communal. The use of music in a therapeutical setting is used purposefully to support the health and wellbeing of the individual and contribute to a better quality of life. (CAMT. Musictherapy.ca. (2022). Music therapists address the cognitive, physical, emotional, and communicative realms for many disorders and illnesses regardless of age. Because music facilitates sensory stimulation this in turn benefits the expression of complex emotion. 

'''Music Therapy Approaches'''

       There are multiple approaches of music therapy, it goes beyond listening to music, such as analytical music therapy, creative music therapy, and vocal psychotherapy and many more. Within these exercises the therapist can encourage either an active (the client engages directly) or a passive direction (the client listens) in the therapy session. The first approach, analytical music therapy involves improvised, impromptu music through singing, and or playing an instrument to express unconscious thought, then with the therapist it is reflected upon. Next, creative music therapy also referred to as Nordoff-Robbins music therapy is an improvisational method where the client plays an instrument and the therapist accompanies them to facilitate the expression of self. Lastly, you have vocal psychotherapy, which focuses on creating a deeper connection through vocal exercises, natural sounds, and breathing techniques. (Bunt, &amp; Warner; Green, &amp; Charboneau, &amp; Gordon, (2014). 

These techniques are implemented to further interlink emotions and impulses. The benefits of music therapy are vast, ranging from fulfilling social needs in group settings, lowering heart rate and blood pressure, decreasing muscle tension, releasing endorphins, to minimizing the effects of stress. Music therapy can also have an effect on memory, movement, sensory relay as well as decision making and can activate regions of the brain associated with reward.

'''Benefits of Music Therapy'''

        Anyone can benefit from music therapy however, individuals with disabilities and illnesses have shown to greatly improve with the use of music therapy. Whether the condition be autism or brain injury, neonatal or geriatric, mental or developmental disabilities. 

Music therapy’s focus is to support development of the mind, emotional being and body. The maintenance of health and well being of the individual is top priority and it purposes to alleviate symptoms of stress, discomfort, and pain. Music therapy is a practical method for a better quality of life for anyone regardless of age, race, ethnicity, gender, disability, or illness.

''' Cited '''
&lt;ref&gt;Bunt, L., &amp; Warner, C.  Music therapy. Grove Music Online. Retrieved 7 Apr. 2022, from.https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com.ezproxy.achcu.talonline.ca/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-90000361441.

Green, J., &amp; Charboneau, E., &amp; Gordon, B. (2014). Music Therapy. In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/music-therapy-emc

CAMT. Musictherapy.ca. (2022). Retrieved 24 April 2022, from https://www.musictherapy.ca/.&lt;/ref&gt;


==Alternative Music==

===Historical Background===

The official term “Alternative Music” remains relatively undefined. It was used during the 1960s to represent groups of musicians who felt their music was unlike the ‘mainstream’ and those who desired no association with the genre of popular music. The goal of creating the term ‘Alternative Music’ was to create a genre for a kind of musical sound or content that does not fit the guidelines of classical, jazz, rock and pop genres and to effectively create an umbrella term for all of these different sub-genres. “Mainstream rock music had, according to its critics, “sold out” its soul to the commercial devil: it had become the grist for top 40 format radio stations and large live arena venues. The music had become derivative, lost its experimental edge and was felt to exist merely to fatten the wallets of the promoters of this insipid genre.”[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08873639809478311] The genre of Alternative music is crowned as the epicentre of sub-genres, including but not limited to Grunge, Pop Punk, Alternative Rock, Indie Rock, College Rock, Emo and Britpop. The means of creating such a diverse musical genre was based on one central commonality “...a desire to redefine the traditional boundaries between styles and genres, and even those of music itself.”[https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040609]

While Alternative Music generally stems from the Independent or “Indie” music genre, It mainly was aired on college radio stations as many students (roughly ages 18-25) began to identify with the music being created during their early adult years. College radio gave artists a chance at radio play without requiring a large record label. “The advent of college radio and the college charts created the possibility that a band could break through to at least cult popularity without the aid of a major record label (and now can achieve mainstream success by graduating from the ranks of independent labels to the majors: witness REM and Nirvana).”[https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/EC3A83EB25CABA0B1041208291750DEA/S026114300000533Xa.pdf/subcultural-identity-in-alternative-music-culture.pdf]These college radios encouraged unknown artists to create their singles and record them regardless of whether or not they had professional representation. 

The term ‘Alternative’ came to represent the genre of popular grunge, pop and rock artists such as Nirvana, Pink Floyd, Pearl Jam and Alice in Chains. Many of these groups contributed to creating their shared genre and have made Alternative Music into what it is known as today.

====Popularization of Alternative Music====
[[File:Nirvana around 1992 (cropped).jpg|thumb|''Nirvana'' performing]]
Alternative music peaked in the late 70s to late 90s, which solidified a new official genre that would be filled with a large number of diverse sub-genres. As the ’90s began, the music industry began to take an interest in the self-titled genre of “Alternative”. “Alternative Rock” artists such as the Red Hot Chili Peppers and Jane’s Addiction had already been signed by major record labels and had begun attracting many listeners, peaking the interest of music industry personnel. 

Emerging from Seattle, Washington in 1988, new grunge band Nirvana quickly became the staple of Alternative Music, a blueprint for other bands whose goal was to become famous in the newfound genre. Their biggest hit single, “Smells Like Teen Spirit,” September 1991, became widely popular. The single was frequently aired on the radio and was featured many times by MTV studios, including airplay of their music video and live performances/recordings.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ywsBvp4PyXY]

By December of 1991, Nirvana’s album “Nevermind” was topping the charts almost worldwide, reaching the number one weekly spot in approximately 9 different countries. Nirvana’s widespread popularization of the Alternative genre successfully introduced the world to the sub-genre of Grunge. Nirvana’s widespread success officially began the 90’s era of Alternative Music as Seattle became the apex of this new genre. 

After the initial popularization of Alternative Music and specifically Nirvana, it was frequently questioned whether or not the group could still be considered Alternative as the band had become incredibly popular with radio stations and had become associated frequently with mainstream media. It is said that frontman Kurt Cobain struggled with the thought of his band Nirvana becoming mainstream, the very concept that many other Alternative Artists fought. Following his suicide in 1994, many fans and listeners theorized why he may have committed suicide and felt “His untimely suicide was, at least in part, a response to the growing commodification and domestication of his band and what it signified.”[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08873639809478311]as Kurt Cobain’s band had become featured with musical artists that represented the mainstream pop/rock genres.

====Boston: The Spread of Alternative Music====

After the tragic suicide of Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain, the focus of Alternative Music had been lost in tragedy and began to move to a new location entirely. Since Seattle-based grunge band Nirvana had disbanded, the focus of Alternative Music drifted to Boston as groups such as Aerosmith and The Pixies began their era of musical popularity. 

====Alternative Music: Worldwide====

As Aerosmith, The Pixies and other artists from Boston soared to the tops of the charts in the United States, a new subgenre of Alternative Music was brewing overseas.

Britpop was introduced as a subgenre of Alternative music as a mid 90’s ‘new wave’ British Alternative Rock genre, emphasizing British identity. With stylistic roots buried in “Glam Rock” and “Punk Rock,” Britpop bands like Oasis and Blur brought a Western-styled diversity to the genre of Alternative Music. Britpop most notably contains themes and even folk tunes or familiar sayings that many people in the United Kingdom would recognize.  

====Alternative Music Today====

Alternative music today is arguably more diverse than ever and will likely only become more diverse. Due to the undefined nature of the genre, any artist who defines their music as a deviation from the mainstream can be considered Alternative Music. Many contemporary Alternative artists use stylistic elements from electronica, hard rock, pop-punk and indie genres.

===The Elements of Alternative Music===

Alternative music is known for being mostly centred around a leading guitar line or melody, such as the one heard in Nirvana’s “Smells Like Teen Spirit .” These guitar melodies were gritty but catchy, making them a staple for the music industry’s new desired sound. Alternative music is defined as music that rejects the mainstream music genres and aims to become separate from the commercialism of these genres. Although many popular Alternative artists and groups have entered the mainstream of pop and rock, Alternative music continues to be an umbrella term for many different types of sound. 

====Themes====

While Alternative Music can have a wide variety of different themes and subjects according to its definition, the main themes that classify Alternative are not meant to be limiting in a diverse genre. Most common themes include drug use or abuse, generational discontent and general struggles with mental illness. The flexibility regarding what themes can be defined as alternative is ultimately what makes the Alternative Music genre unique and a safe haven for any artist or group to identify under, no matter the underlying theme of their music. 

====Strange or Unusual Vocals====

Western music is incredibly plain in defining what is considered common vocals. Many alternative artists began to implement unusual vocals in their songs to create a divide between themselves and Western popular music. Many of these artists did not implement strange vocals or words into their music, but instead had unique vocal styles or a lead vocalist who had a unique voice. 

The use of unusual vocals in alternative music has died down in recent years since the categorization of the genres of “Freak Folk” and “Psychedelic Folk” as the new title gave way for artists to define themselves using their vocals in the early 2000s. However, many of these artists do still fall under the common label that is “Alternative Music.” 

====Inventive Musical Structure====

Alternative Music artists were trying so desperately to stray away from mainstream pop music that they decided that one of the best ways to avoid the mainstream is to avoid what is considered mainstream structure. Since most popular singles have used the same lyrical structure for decades, it was simple to develop a new structure to define a new genre of music. While most pop songs carry a very linear lyrical progression, Verse, Chorus, Verse, Bridge, Chorus, Alternative artists took this structure to the next level by rearranging or alternating the lyrical progression. Some artists even abolished the structure altogether, creating songs that contained no chorus or bridge, freely flowing from one idea to another regardless of the previous thematic elements or instrumentals. Alternative music has the tendency not to resonate with Pop Music listeners as the contrast between Pop’s straightforward, easy-listening style clashes with alternative’s creative musical patterns and disorganized nature. 

====Song Length====

The average Pop song varies from two minutes and thirty seconds to about four minutes, the perfect length for casual radio play. Alternative artists who sought to avoid radio play and avoid the risks of becoming mainstream created unusually lengthy or short songs to avoid radio play. This avoidance of radio play is effective, but ultimately diminishes an artist’s chance of popularity even in the Alternative scene. Many listeners do not want to listen to single songs that may be up to 20 minutes long. The tendency for lengthy songs or albums discourages listeners from finishing a single or album, ultimately lowering streaming/sale numbers and total revenue for these artists. 

====Obscure Instruments and Sounds====

Alternative music can be defined as “the musical reaction against the formulaic routinization of mainstream popular music,” which encourages artists to explore any musical possibility that would cause a dramatic clash or contrast with the common elements of Popular Music. As Western Music became more and more defined, many artists struggled with originality and the need to set their music apart from other artists’ works. As a result, many artists had to start becoming creative, beginning with implementing items that were not commonly used as instruments to the modern technologically synthesized sounds and beats that music listeners are familiar with today.

Artists such as Pink Floyd took this idea to heart, implementing strange sounds and instruments into the creation of multiple of their songs. Most notably, the song “Shine On You Crazy Diamond” from their 1975 album “Wish You Were Here” features wine glasses as the main instrument in the titular ‘otherworldly’ opening of “Shine On You Crazy Diamond.”    

===Alternative Music Representation in Modern Media===

====Grunge Band ‘Nirvana’ in “The Batman”====

A single from the classic Grunge-era band Nirvana is featured in the 2022 film “The Batman.” The single “Something in the Way” from their 1991 album ‘Nevermind’ is featured as Bruce Wayne’s or Batman’s ‘theme song’ as the track plays most frequently when he enters a room. The use of this song in the film is essential as the sign was explicitly chosen to reflect the way Bruce Wayne reacts to his surroundings as there is always “Something in the Way.” 

===='Imagine Dragons' Featured in Netflix Series====

The single “Enemy” by Imagine Dragons was recorded and written for the Netflix series “Arcane,” a steampunk adult animation series based on characters from the online game “League of Legends.” The Netflix series was a hit among Imagine Dragons fans and League of Legends fans alike, as the series is one of the highest-rated Netflix shows to date. 

====Singer-Songwriter 'Melanie Martinez’ Creates ‘Visual Album'====

In 2019, American Singer-Songwriter Melanie Martinez wrote, filmed and directed a film starring herself, reflecting the themes and including the songs from her 2019 album “K-12”. The film follows the main character “Cry Baby” through each song featured in the album and the classic trials and tribulations of attending a private boarding school as a supernatural being.

====Alternative Duo ‘Twenty One Pilots’ Breaks Numerous Records====

American Duo “Twenty One Pilots” has managed to break numerous records in the music industry. The alternative duo gained worldwide recognition with their hit song “Stressed Out” from the 2015 album Blurryface, which ended up being the first-ever album to receive at least a Gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America for every song. The duo also became the first rock act to achieve one billion streams on Spotify off of a single song. Their song “Stressed Out” became the twenty-fifth song to reach one billion streams worldwide.

== References ==


== Music’s Influence on the Economy ==
[[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F079073-0006, Bonn, Sternstraße, Schallplattengeschäft.jpg|thumb|A record store in 1988. While record stores have mostly vanished, the role of music in the economy is more important than ever, transitioning to a massive digital market and with with ties to a number of other industries.]]
In our present-day, music has shown to have such a great influence in our society. Whether it's sharing different cultures, or connecting people of similar interests together, music has proven to be a staple in our everyday lives. We hear music when we are in our car, in the store, our ringtones and many more. One particular area music has greatly impacted would be our economy. In other countries throughout our history we have seen people use music for various reasons. Not only did it help people through wars but many people were capable of expressing themselves and sharing their cultural differences. We now have the knowledge of a variety of music genres because people were allowed to share their art. People are able to purchase and listen to music of their liking, and with that the economy is able to grow and thrive. Consequently, music has grown not only regionally but internationally as well. This permits many artists to sell music and tour to sell more of their product, which in turn, brings even more revenue to their country.
 
'''1.1 Contemporary Music'''

By taking a look at the transition from modern to contemporary music we can understand why music in our current age developed to be the way it is. There is a great difference between modern and contemporary music, such as the following characteristics. On one hand, contemporary music has more complex rhythm, percussiveness, they may use synthetic or electronic sound . That would include using styles such as minimalism. Whereas, modern music includes composing music using methods such as atonality, serialism, and impressionism. 
Contemporary music includes music such as rock music, folk, hip-hop, metal, jazz and blues. Those styles of music evolved after the 1950s . They are characterized by different styles of scales and key, harmonies, rhythm and meter. These genres of music came about from people trying to express themselves. We can take jazz as an example, jazz was developed around the 1950s as well. Started in New Orleans where many African American used it as a form of socializing and self expression. Jazz musicians were former slaves that found jobs as musicians, and were able to take aspect of their home tradition and translate it into music. Jazz was used as a form of self expression and freedom, it's a mixture of west african rhythms and European harmonies with a variety of instruments . Another type of music would include rock which started its popularity with rock and roll in the mid 1950s. This genre of music was “characterized and recognized as teenage rebellion especially in straight, white men”. However it is an appropriation of black rhythm and blues in the 1940s. It originated from black American music which includes gospel, jazz, blues, rhythm and blues, and country music. Now the more popular genres of music would be hip hop. Which is most likely what the majority of people would now hear. Which is also what the radio and media would be promoting the most. 

'''1.2 Music Popularization'''

The effect of music on the economy is not comprehensible without taking a look at how it all started. The first instance of music recording was in the 1920s with the use of a gramophone or phonograph. The phonograph came first which was created by Thomas Edison who “discovered that sound could be reproduced using a strip of tinfoil wrapped around a rotating metal cylinder”. According to Shawe-Taylor, after the phonograph a slot was left open since Edison had “lack of interest in the musical possibilities of his invention left the field open for a while”. Then came Emila Berliner, a German immigrant that came to the United States with the invention of the gramophone. Which was similar to Edison's phonograph with the use of a flat disk instead of a metal cylinder. Therefore around this time (1890s) the reproduction of flat disks was more common and music recording &quot;became increasingly more commercialized”. Singers of all genres would habitually record their music to make it easier for people to purchase. Even artists such as opera singers and concert singers utilized those tools and recorded their work. That eventually “formed the musical backbone of the catalogs until the arrival of the electric recording system in 1925”. Then came in electrical recording, which allowed people to play longer recordings (20-30 minutes). According to Shawe-Taylor, it was first introduced in 1925. Opera singing was the leading genre on classical music recording, since electrical recording allowed “ the complete recording of the concert repertory”. As a result, competition became more prevalent during this time. During the late 1900s the copyright laws came into play to help artists “earn money by producing as much music as possible”. The rise of electrical recording was paired with the rapid popularization of radios. The use of gramophone and sheet music began to decline. Meanwhile the use of radios and electronics recording rose. The music industry took advantage of this and “began to profit from the new technology”. As previously stated, Jazz and Blues are contemporary music genres that developed that time. During this same era of electronic music growth, radios helped with the popularization of jazz and blues. Radios allowed the popularization of many other music genres and styles as well. It enabled listeners to “experience events as they took place”. The radio sales were affordable and people took advantage of it and purchased them. The 1920s to 1950s were known as the golden age of radio with the amount of radio listening rising exponentially. Consequently, the radio broadcasting made many music gain “ popularity across the country”. 

'''1.2.1 More Recent Methods'''

The 1940s had a great technological advancement. Soon following radios were tape recorders which included “one track on which to record sound onto magnetic tape”. Then came the reel to reel recorders up until Columbia Records “perfected the 12-inch 33 rpm long-playing (LP) disc”. This disk was used as the standard form of recording until the forthcoming release of the compact disk (CD) which would dominate the music industry. As we know currently, the advancement of technology helped propagate music exponentially. Even though most of the public do not utilize records any more, broadcasting companies decided to preserve and make [records] speedily available”. Many individuals and private institutions decide to give a hand and help preserve uncommon material such as older broadcasts and commercial recording. Around the 1940s recordings were mainly of adults but soon came the war which drastically changed the lives of many. 

'''1.3 Outstanding Events in History'''

One event that affected music and the economy drastically was the Great depression. This massive decline in the economy marked the change of musical style of many artists. From about 1929 to 1941 the United States experienced massive economic crises. Approximately, ninety-eight percent of the economy dropped and unemployment remained at twenty-five percent. Many people had a great feeling of hopelessness and fear, especially &quot;those already at the bottom of the economic hierarchy”. This furthermore explained why many artists, whether it included films, visual art, sport, fashion, and music, used their work to reflect on their current situation. Just as people were unable to pay for their basic needs, the sale of recorded music dwindled. It eventually discouraged many “all-star complete recordings''. However even if record sales went down by forty percent, some other areas had proven to do better than most. Areas such as broadcast companies and Hollywood “underwent significant growth”. Many artists received less from their work since many people stopped spending on records and concerts. Consequently, Roosevelt's administration created a program called the FMP or Federal Music Project where they would hire teachers, orchestral players, chamber music players, jazz musicians, singers, composers and more. This program created more opportunities “for musicians playing “art” music of the Western tradition”. The great depression caused many artists to rethink their role and their influence on their target audience, such as “What were the responsibilities of musical artists to the larger society?”. 

'''1.3.1 Post War Boom'''

World War II came and soon after there was a change in the economy. There was a new change in people's lives and more people were able to spend money. This permitted the music industry to flourish. During the 1930s through the 1940s the after war boom permitted teenagers to acquire more money therefore they were “spending money for records”. Eventually the selling and promotion of records helped “stabilize the recording industry”. With the continuation of the development of technology such as television, and cheap mass production due to the war, music was able to spread rapidly. With radio and television the radio industri’s existence was threatened, that is where the Billboard was created. The billboard played songs for popularity and eventually “began to influence record sales”. Where the radio would play popular music over and over which would eventually increase sales. World War II came and soon after there was a shift in the economy. There was a new change in people's lives and more people were able to spend money. This permitted the music industry to flourish. During the 1930s through the 1940s, the after war boom permitted teenagers to acquire more money, therefore they were “spending money for records”. Eventually the selling and promotion of records helped “stabilize the recording industry”. With the continuation of the development of technology such as television and its cheap mass production due to the war, music was able to spread rapidly. With radio and television, the radio industry's existence was threatened, that is where the Billboard was created. The Billboard played songs for popularity and eventually “began to influence record sales”. Where the radio would play popular music over and over which would eventually increase sales.

'''1.4 South Korean Music'''

	We see a lot of examples more recently of artists completely shifting the economy of a country. Let’s take K-pop as an example, where many might know of more recently. Artists such as BTS, Blackpink, and EXO-CBX have had such a great influence not only in their own country but overseas as well. They reached such a height in popularity they managed to reach the United States and eventually the whole world. They are able to provide English subtitles even if their music is originally in Korean, and acquire an English speaking audience despite the language barrier. In the year 2020 BTS was the first South-Korean group to reach the number one on billboard in the US. They have brought a revenue of about “$5 billion to South Korea’s GDP in 2018”. As for Blackblink they were the “first K-pop group to play Coachella”. This proves that even though K-pop is a genre of music made and popularized in Korean, it was able to influence and spread its music to all areas. K-pop began around the 1990s which introduced the idol aspect of K-pop. This causes K-pop to have a strong fan based culture “among teenagers and young adults''. Slowly and surely K-pop became even more popular especially after it was hosted in the World Cup. It wasn't only limited to K-pop but South-Korean culture in general rose in popularity. That included food, beauty products and even films (Korean dramas) hosted on Netflix. Due to technology and digital music, K-pop has been available on all platforms “such as YouTube and Spotify”. 

'''1.5 Common Methods '''

Youtube and Spotify have been mentioned above as ways of spreading music and generating music, however there are a lot more ways. As we know there are radios and televisions, but there are platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and many more. Now people can purchase, download, stream, and view music of all types. Youtube is a major way people use to popularize music. It allows international content to be shared across the world. For example the first major instance of K-pop getting into the US market was when the artist Psy’s “was viewed more than three billion times and became YouTube’s most-viewed video”. 

'''1.6 Artist and Financing their Art.'''

Now that music popularization and diversification has been explained, we can now take a look at the importance of art to the artists. According to Gerber, some artists decide to create art of all sorts to make profits while others do it because they love it. Some artists are willing to put work into their art “regardless of their credentials, employers, income, or other markers”. Some may succeed, but many are able to make revenue just to get by. It is not everyday that a person becomes famous because of their creation. 

'''1.7 Government Funding and Grant'''

Especially during the recent covid era, just like during the Great Depression artists have had a hard time making a profit. That is why the Government has set up grants and funding to support them in time. of need. Recently the Canada Performing Arts Workers Resilience Fund invested 181.5 million dollars in supporting art and live events workers during the COVID-19 period. Some indirect ways art is funded are by property tax, tours, concerts, shows and festivals. There is also the Canada council grant which provides funds for artists across Canada. They give up to thirty thousand dollars to those artists who apply.

'''1.8 Music Vs the Economy'''
In short, music has proven itself to be such an influence through millions of years. People may use music for various reasons, such as sharing stories and culture. Technology in our time has permitted this. Not only has it opened access to a variety of cultures, it was able to bring wealth to various countries. Now that music is everywhere we go in our society, artists have more chances to reach their target audience and make profit from their work. Thanks to technology the purchase and selling of music is the easiest it has ever been. This evolution allows many to share and to support the artist of their liking. 

'''''Bibliography'''''

-Alison Gerber. 2017. The Work of Art : Value in Creative Careers. Culture and Economic Life. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=e864sww&amp;AN=1576918.

-“Grants.” Canada Council for the Arts. Accessed April 24, 2022. https://canadacouncil.ca/funding/grants.

-“Great Depression, The.” Grove Music Online, July 25, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2241306.

-“The Origins of Jazz.” Jazz Observer, March 14, 2018. https://jazzobserver.com/the-origins-of-jazz/#:~:text=Where%20did%20jazz%20originate%3F,the%20streets%20of%20New%20Orleans.

-Shawe-Taylor, Desmond. “Recording.” Oxford Music Online, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.o011552.

-“Understanding Media and Culture: An Introduction to Mass Communication.” Understanding Media and Culture: An Introduction to Mass Communication - Table of Contents. Accessed April 24, 2022. https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_understanding-media-and-culture-an-introduction-to-mass-communication/index.html.

-“Western Music History/Contemporary Music.” Wikibooks, open books for an open world, April 25, 2022. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Western_Music_History/Contemporary_Music.

-“Western Music History/Modern Music.” Wikibooks, open books for an open world, April 25, 2022. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Western_Music_History/Modern_Music.

-Wooten, Jadrian J., Wayne Geerling, and Angelito Calma. “Diversifying the Use of Pop Culture in the Classroom: Using K-Pop to Teach Principles of Economics.” International Review of Economics Education 38 (2021): 100220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iree.2021.100220.

== Zoomusicology ==
	While considering the many aspects that combined to form the music of western society as we know it today, it is important to acknowledge the historical origins of how and where western music evolved.  It is becoming increasingly evident in the everchanging and present world that western music history has been somewhat exclusive when it comes to appreciating the composers and performers who have contributed to western music.  This gives individuals of modern generations a somewhat limited view of music, resulting in a shallow perspective of society and the world.  The work of many modern musicians and researchers begins with attempting to bring long overdue recognition to some of the racial, religious, and other minorities that have been somewhat neglected in appreciation for their valuable contributions to western music in our society.  One of the groups of composers who have not yet been given full recognition for their contributions lies within the musicians and songs of nature. 
     Zoomusicology can be defined as a combination of multiple terms; musicology, zoology, semiotics, and zoosemiotics.  In order to fully understand the concepts and language of communication that encircles the concept of zoomusicology, semiotics and zoosemiotics must first be understood.  While discussing how an object or sound gains meaning, we use the term semiotics to name this process.  It occurs most often between two organisms, human or animal, and gives them a way to communicate with one another.  If semiotics describe the way in which one organism displays a sign and another perceives that sign as a signal that carries meaning and  valuable information, then zoosemiotics deals with the way in which signs and signals are understood and gain meaning between animals.  Musicology deals with the branch of research and scholarly study that is directly related to music.  When combining this term with zoology (which is the study of information pertaining to animals) as well as semiotics and zoosemiotics, the four result in zoomusicology: the study of music related to the communication amongst animals.  If one can understand the relationship between these four terms, they will develop a richer perspective when contemplating zoomusicology and its importance in our world.
     Zoomusicology is not limited to the interactions amongst animals and semiotics between humans.  This term has evolved to earn its place in the history of western music, positioning itself underneath the umbrella term that covers other forms of experimental music.  The term could also be included in contemporary music categories, even though the music of nature has long been in the world we live in, it remains a somewhat mysterious and arcane form.
The sounds of nature are often being mimicked by instruments, vocalists, and even certain composers of more contemporary and experimental pieces.  However, upon closer inspection of western music history it is apparent that nature has inspired our musical genres from eras much older than contemporary music.  
     Perhaps the first recorded interaction between nature and western society would have been with Mozart and his starling.  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a very well known musical composer from the Classical period.  Many individuals who study musicology will come across Mozart and read about some of the journals he kept in their research.  Mozart kept journals to jot down ideas for compositions, diary entries, notational transcriptions, and even his most recent purchases!  As the story goes, Mozart kept one of these such journals in which he recorded a recent purchase made from a pet store in Viennese (where he was living at the time).  Such a purchase would not normally demand the attention of studying doctorates and musical historians; however, this purchase was for a European Starling that later became known as “Mozart’s Starling”.  This particular species of bird has actually become an invasive species throughout North America, but despite its common and somewhat detested appearance, Mozart was able to find some beauty in his little bird.  In another one of his journals, the composer jotted down two phrases of a nearly identical melody on the same page.  Beneath one of the variations, he wrote “das was schön” in German, which translates to “that was beautiful” in English.  Historians have interpreted his comment as a compliment being directed towards his musical starling, who must have been singing the melody to the composer.  The starling’s variation was only slightly different from the succeeding phrase which is perceived to have been Mozart’s own transcription- later appearing as a replication of the opening of the third movement from his “Piano Concerto No. 17 in G major”.  
     An anecdote such as this begs the question to contemporary musicologists: who composed the melody first? Did Mozart teach his starling to imitate the phrase, or is it possible that the starling sang the phrase to Mozart first and he felt inspired?  Without a living witness to tell the story as it was confirmed, one cannot determine who sang the melody first, but the relationship between human and animal semiotics appears to be on a very similar scale between Mozart and his Starling. 
     Much of the information which can be found throughout history displays how closely the sounds of nature factor into human perspectives on the musical world.  Even since the encounter of Mozart and his starling, the music of animals has influenced western society for many centuries and will continue to do so for centuries to come. 
     Programmatic music became increasingly popular during the romantic period when the idea of experiencing a moment in life and sharing it with the world was finally achievable using instruments and the compositions of other performers to spread musical ideas.  A programmatic composition has the potential to mimic some of the many sounds of nature; perhaps one of the most well-known examples of this is Rimsky Korsakov’s “Flight of the Bumblebee”.  In this piece, the composer imitates the wing beat of a bumblebee taking flight through the use of instruments and rhythmic patterns, a romantical experience to be sure!  
As the centuries pass, contemporary musicians have even begun to incorporate some of the sounds of nature into their pieces as an “ad-lib” or improvised section.  This style of composition and performance would fit underneath a more experimental, rather than a programmatically inspired sense of music, but still demonstrates the constant influence of natural sounds on western society.  Some modern violinists are able to imitate sounds of nature on their instruments, and these sounds are sometimes used where appropriate in the contemporary age of concert music! 
Some of the greatest and most interesting discoveries made revolving around music were actually inspired by studies done on animals.  Even while taking a walk through a north American forest, one can hear woodpeckers knocking on trees in search of food.  What an individual observing these simple birds might not realize is that the woodpeckers drum on the trees to communicate with each other!  Almost as if two musicians were creating an improvised call-and-response composition.  
     Any choral or orchestral performer who has experienced performing as a member of a larger ensemble has felt the ground shake underneath them with all the noise and echoes that are dispersed around the room.  Even Ludwig Van Beethoven, who was believed to be almost completely deaf by the time he was forty-five could somehow hear well enough to conduct a group and to do so while keeping on beat with the time signature. The answer to how Beethoven may have done this lies within the sounds of animals around us once again.  In a study initiated by the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, scientists came to the realization that two elephants could communicate with each other from many miles away, even without humans being able to hear audible vocalizations!  The elephants make sounds of such low frequencies that humans cannot hear the noise, but those sound waves travel down from the elephant’s resonating chambers and into the ground where they are conducted through the earth’s surface to the foot of an elephant standing miles away.  The second elephant was then shown to be able to interpret the message being passed on from the first by absorbing the vibrations through its feet and the rest of its body.  Similar studies have been conducted on whales; where the sound waves take on a similar approach but travel through the water much faster than on land.  Perhaps Beethoven was relying on more than a vast musical knowledge and his vision to conduct his final works.  Perhaps he was sensing the vibrations resonating through his body, just as animals do in their daily lives. 
Not only can one find many underlying connections between the music of nature and the music we have come to know in western society.  Zoomusicology also takes the physical interactions of animals into account.  Mosquitoes, another popular pest found throughout most parts of the world, actually find a naturally occurring “harmony” with their duet partners in nature.  In an experiment conducted by the colleagues of T.E.D. talk, Greg Gage and his team superglued different mosquitoes above a microphone to record the frequencies of their wing beats.  The team was careful to glue the bodies but to leave the wings free of the glue so that they could be free to vibrate and resonate as normal.  As the study progressed, the team discovered that male mosquitoes beat their wings at a rate that produces a sound with a frequency somewhere around 600Hz, whereas the females beat their wings around 400Hz.  However, when a male and a female mosquito were constrained next to each other, the pair took part in courtship behaviour that resulted in a matching of pitch frequency between the two mosquitoes.  In other words, the insects either sped up or slowed down their wingbeat speed to match that of their duet partner in perfect unison!  This has led to newer discoveries in both musicology and zoology, but which one came first?  Perhaps mosquitoes were truly responsible for inventing the duet, and humans have imitated the sounds of nature without even realizing how music and the natural world are so intimately connected to one another.  
     There are so many recorded encounters with animals and nature being found within the influences of western music, surely they cannot be a simple coincidence.  Our world was created by a creator who had a form of harmony in mind, and a music that would encompass all of the creatures on the planet.  In order to give them some way to communicate with each other, He gifted them with the gift of music.  One of the most controversial topics debated by contemporary musicologists revolves around the idea of whether or not music can be considered a universal language.  However, in order for a language to be considered universal that means it must be understood by people of all race, language, identity, and background, which is not always the case.  Even though music might be completely universal and comprehensible by each and every person, it cannot be denied that there is a very close correlation between the music of western society which has spread throughout most of the world, and the music of nature that sings all around us whether we are aware of it or not. Perhaps music is not a universal language, but the language is the music.  Animals and humans have been able to coexist on the same planet for centuries, it’s no wonder that they would have developed some method that allows them to understand and communicate with each other; as humans, we come to relate with animals by studying zoomusicology and how it relates to our lives as members of western society. 
     Even though contemporary music is generally refined to more specific categories, western society must be careful not to exclude each and every contributor from the history of the genre. This includes composers of unique origins and backgrounds, and even the animals that roam the planet alongside us, inspiring some of the greatest of composers! One must be careful not to misuse the gift that has been given to us to be able to communicate with one another and to understand animals using the experiences, wisdom, and sounds of nature. 

&lt;ref&gt;    Dunn, David. Zoomusicology. http://www.zoomusicology.com/Zoomusicology/Introduction.html (Date accessed: April, 2022).
            The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Elephant Hearing. 1998. asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.423341
(Date Accessed: April 24, 2022).

            Keller, M. Source: ‘Zoomusicology and Ethnomusicology’. Oxford Music Online: ‘Music’,   
www-oxfordmusiconline-com.ezproxy.achcu.talonline.ca/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040476?rskey=evuO03&amp;result=4. (Date Accessed: January, 2022).

            The Music Library. Western Libraries: The University of Western Ontario. Citing Music Sources in your Essay and bibliography. 2010. www.lib.uwo.ca/files/music/Cite-mus-2010.pdf
(Date Accessed: April 24, 2022).

            Stewart, James. Timeline: Mozart’s Starling. www.vpr.org/programs/2019-02-25/timeline-mozarts-starling (Date accessed: April, 2022). &lt;/ref&gt;

== Contemporary Christian Music == 
In the 1960s, Contemporary Christian Music started to become a huge part of what the christian bands would create. A lot of composers started to make their music contemporary, because it was a huge part of music, which then got popular as more joined. In the 1960s, Christian Music started to become popular, because of the composers, which then led to the Jesus Movement, which led to many other composers to become more interested with the genre. Just like music, there was Contemporary Christian Music, then there were a lot of composers that joined and helped make it more popular, and there was also the Jesus Movement that they did to help those in need.
	Contemporary Christian Music first began to become popular in the 1970, and 1980s, because that is when a lot of bands started to join with the genre, which was then called the CCM. The genre, Contemporary Christian Music consisted of many others such as rock, folk, worship, and some country music to show the mix of the genres and that everyone was welcome. It was one big genre to get people who like different styles of music to come together and listen to the music, while also getting taught about God, in hope that they would get stronger in their faith. Many called it the CCM for short, because it was an abbreviation, which they believed that it was the “Music that feeds”, and that would feed into people to become better christians, and to feed into their mind to get them to become believers too. Many famous composers were a part of this genre, such as Michael W. Smith, Amy Grant, and DC Talk.
    DC Talk were christian composers that made tons of music for this genre, and they made songs that were more rock focused, with rap in them, because they believed that people, especially the younger would love rock songs, instead of gospel. Their music had great meaning in them, and were able to teach people more about their religion, hoping that others would join too. One of their biggest songs that people liked was called Jesus Freak, which had a very big meaning behind it that a lot of people enjoyed. This song was created to show how persecution was, and that it could occur again in the future, however, they called themselves “Jesus Freaks”, and claimed that they should not be embarrassed about it, and instead, be proud of what they are. The band consisted of three members that went on tours, and made their own rock music. They believed that being in that genre opened a door for them for what they could create to help those in need. They really liked the CCM, and even would talk about it, and the bible in their concerts. Just like Michael W. Smith, they were one of the biggest composers that were a part of the CCM. Michael W. Smith is a christian composer that has created a lot of music, which most were worship songs. He believed that not everyone liked rock music, and that he wanted to show that people like gospel music, showing the blend of the genres. One of his biggest worship songs was the song Waymaker that was made to believe in God, in hope that others would do the same. Even though himself, and Dc Talk created a lot of music for this genre, the Jesus Movement did a lot for this genre too, and got many to become christians.
	The Jesus Movement happened between the 1960s, and early 1970s, which was made to make music that the younger generation would like. They believed that a lot of younger people struggled with their faith more, so they focused on making music for them, hoping that they would grow stronger in their faith. Later, many bands either died, or left the movement, so it quickly got shut down with not even being operational for 10 years. The Jesus Movement was a great movement that helped many, and even gave some good music to listen to with great meaning. While the movement was still active, they believed that Jesus was coming soon, and that they should all be ready for when he does. Many bands that were a part of the movement read bible verses, like DC Talk in their concerts, and would tell stories too about their religion. They called themselves the “Jesus Freaks’ also, and did not care about what others thought about them. Their songs gave a lot of hope, encouragement, and talked about praising God through them, which served as messages. Most of the music was made for younger people, however, soon they created it to reach out to everyone, and even showed that all genres can fit into this one.
	Contemporary Christian Music was a big part of everyone's religion, that many composers such as Michael W. Smith, and DC Talk would make music to help the world. In the 1960s, Christian Music started to become popular, because of the composers, which then led to the Jesus Movement, which led to many other composers to become more interested with the genre. The Jesus movement was a big part of the music, which allowed a lot of people to become christians. The composers like Michael W. Smith, and DC Talk helped many throughout the world see the truth, and meaning behind the songs, and taught many lessons through their music. The Contemporary genre as a whole opened many doors to many different artists, that allowed a lot of genres to go into one, and hope for those in need. This genre of music has not only helped a lot of people in the past, and also in the present, because of how powerful the music is, and what every song means.
	

Works Cited
Howard, Jay R., and John M Streck. “The Splintered Art World Of Contemporary Christian Music.” Popular Music, vol. 15, no. 1 Jan. 1996, pp. 37-53
“Jesus Climbs the Charts: The Business of Contemporary Christian Music.” The Christian Century, www.christiancentury.org/article/2002-12/jesus-climbs-charts.
Meet TobyMac, One of Christian Music’s Biggest Stars - The Washington Post, www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/meet-tobymac-one-of-christian-musics-biggest-stars/2013/10/31/ab620922-40ab-11e3-9c8b-e8deeb3c755b_story.html.
&lt;references /&gt;'''&lt;u&gt;Neo Soul Music&lt;/u&gt;''' 

Neo-soul is a genre of music that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s, blending elements of soul, R&amp;B, funk, jazz, hip hop, and sometimes even electronic music. It is characterized by its smooth, soulful vocals, laid-back grooves, and introspective lyrics. Some notable neo-soul artists include Erykah Badu, D'Angelo, Jill Scott, Maxwell, Angie Stone, and Lauryn Hill. Neo-soul gained popularity as a reaction to the more polished, commercial sound of contemporary R&amp;B at the time through the fusion of soulful melodies of Jazz, Funk, and gospel music, along with poetic lyrics and innovative production techniques, neo-soul music serves as a vehicle for artists to be heard while also challenging the mainstream narratives, resulting in a dynamic musical landscape that continues to evolve and inspire.

'''Fusion of Genres''' 

Neo Soul Music is a fusion of different genres; with the fusion of genres, there is a large emphasis on the harmonies and chord progressions due to the jazz influence. Extended chords, modal interchange and chromaticism are also used to create sophisticated harmonic textures that add great depth and complexity to the composition of these musical aspects. Groove and rhythm play a central role in neo-soul Music. Many artists and producers within this genre carefully pay attention to the feeling and groove of their soundtrack. The laid-back mid-tempo and rhythms create an infectious feeling that encourages the listeners to groove along. Unlike contemporary R&amp;B and hip-hop genres that heavily rely on electronic production, neo-soul music often incorporates live instrumentation. This includes guitars, bass, drums, keyboards, horns and stringed instruments. This places an emphasis on organic instrumentation and contributes to the warm, textured sound and characteristics of the genre. From the eclectic fusions of neo-soul music to the profound emotional depth it embodies, the genre captivates listeners with its rich tapestry of sound and heartfelt lyricism.

'''Emotional Depth and Authenticity''' 

The emotional depth of neo-soul music resonates profoundly, weaving intricate layers of feeling and authenticity into its melodies, lyrics, and vocal performances, captivating listeners with its raw and soul-stirring sincerity. Lyrically, neo-soul songs often explore themes of love, relationships, self-discovery, social justice, and spirituality. Artists use their music as a platform for personal expression, storytelling, and social commentary, infusing their lyrics with honesty, vulnerability, and introspection. With engaging play on words and stories, artists have used their music as a platform for their personal expression and for social commentary. The lyrics are honest and present vulnerability and introspection. In presenting these lyrics, often times, rich emotions and vocal styles are shared. Drawing from traditional classical soul singers such as Aretha Franklin, Al Green, and Marvin Gaye. Vocal performances in neo-soul music have great emphasis on expression, intimacy, and authenticity; singers deliver heartfelt lyrics with passion and conviction. From its profound emotional depth to its remarkable ability to push boundaries, neo-soul music captivates not only with its raw emotion but also with its innovative approach to blending genres and exploring new sonic territories. In presenting these lyrics, often times, rich emotions and vocal styles are shared. Drawing from traditional classical soul singers such as Aretha Franklin, Algreen and Marvin Gaye. Vocal performances in neo-soul music have great emphasis on expression, intimacy and authenticity. From its profound emotional depth to its remarkable ability to push boundaries, neo-soul music captivates not only with its raw emotion but also with its innovative approach to blending genres and exploring new sonic territories.

'''Pushing the Boundaries''' 

Neo-soul music pushes the boundaries of genre conventions, embracing a fearless exploration of sound and style that challenges musical norms and fosters creative evolution. The innovative production techniques in neo-soul music push sonic boundaries, blending traditional elements with contemporary experimentation to create a unique and immersive auditory experience. Neo-soul producers have innovative production techniques to create lush, atmospheric soundscapes that complement the genre’s soulful vocals and live instrumentation. This includes sampling, electronic effects, studio manipulation and creative mixing and mastering approaches to achieve a distinctive aesthetic. In neo-soul music, lyrics and vocal expression intertwine seamlessly, crafting a soul-stirring experience that resonates with listeners through its raw emotion, poignant storytelling, and authentic delivery. By addressing complex and often taboo topics in their lyrics, neo-soul musicians push the boundaries of conventional songwriting and also challenge listeners to engage with deeper layers of meaning and emotion. The vocal artist's experimentation with vocal techniques, melodic phrasing, and improvisation pushes the boundaries of traditional vocal performance and explores new avenues of expression and creativity. Diverse representation within neo-soul music reflects its inclusive ethos, showcasing a wide spectrum of voices, experiences, and perspectives that enrich the genre's vibrant tapestry. Since there are so many different genres involved,  The diverse representation highlights many different voices and underrepresented individuals within mainstream music. This includes women, people of colour, the LGBTQIA+ community, and many other marginalized communities. Neo-soul music has had a profound cultural and social impact, serving as a voice for marginalized communities and inspiring movements for change through its introspective lyrics and boundary-pushing sound. Neo-soul music influences fashion art and shapes popular culture. By addressing pressing social issues and advocating for change neo-soul music neo-soul artists push the boundaries of what is possible within music as a form of social activism and cultural expression.

'''Conclusion''' 

Neo-soul Music stands as a testament to the transformative power of artistic expression. By weaving together the rich sounds of Jazz, Funk, and gospel alongside the impactful lyrics of the boundary-pushing production, it not only offers a platform for unheard voices but also dares to question the status quo; in doing so, it reshapes the musical landscape, encouraging authenticity and diversity while inspiring listeners to embrace change and creativity. Neo-soul Music is not just a genre; it is a movement and an ever-changing journey of self-discovery and societal reflection.

'''References'''

Bronze, Yuri, and Daniel Shanahan. &quot;Diachronic changes in jazz harmony: A cognitive perspective.&quot; ''Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal'' 31.1 (2013): 32-45.

David, Marlo. &quot;Afrofuturism and post-soul possibility in black popular music.&quot; ''African American Review'' 41.4 (2007): 695-707.

George, Nelson. Where did our love go? The rise and fall of Motown sound. Champaign, University of Illinois Press, 2007.

McIver, Joel. ''Erykah Badu: The First Lady of neo-soul''. Bobcat Books, 2011.

“Modal Interchange: Following on from His Piece on Modal Harmony, Dave’s Got New Ways for Us to Substitute Chords into and out of Our Progressions.” ''Electronic Musician'', vol. 37, no. 1, Jan. 2021, pp. 30–31. ''EBSCOhost'', search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=146941644.

Whaley, Deborah Elizabeth. &quot;The Neo-Soul Vibe and the Post-Modern Aesthetic: Black Popular Music and Culture for the Soul Babies of History.&quot; (2002): 75-81.</text>
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    <title>Cookbook:Frog's Eye Salad</title>
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'''Frog's eye salad''' is a [[Cookbook:Dessert|dessert]] [[Cookbook:Salad|salad]] common in the American midwest.

==Ingredients==

*1 package Acini di pepe [[Cookbook:Pasta|pasta]]
*2 cans (30–40 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]]) crushed [[Cookbook:Pineapple|pineapple]]
*2 cans (30–40 oz) [[Cookbook:Mandarin orange|mandarin oranges]]
*3 [[Cookbook:Egg yolk|egg yolks]]
*1 [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] (240 [[Cookbook:mL|ml]]) granulated [[Cookbook:Sugar|sugar]]
*1 tub [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|imitation whipped topping]]
*½ package miniature [[Cookbook:Marshmallow|marshmallows]]

==Procedure==
#Cook pasta in a large [[Cookbook:Saucepan|saucepan]]. Drain and rinse pasta.
#Drain cans of pineapple and oranges, reserving juice. 
#Mix juices, sugar and egg yolks in a medium [[Cookbook:Saucepan|saucepan]]. Bring to full rolling [[Cookbook:Boiling|boil]], stirring frequently until thickened. 
#Pour hot sauce over pasta. Cool and refrigerate overnight.
#Add fruit and mix well, then [[Cookbook:Folding|fold]] in whipped topping and marshmallows.

==Notes, tips, and variations==
*Keep refrigerated.
*Lasts for several days.
*Garnish with [[Cookbook:Maraschino Cherry|Maraschino cherries]].
*You may optionally add ½ cup flaked [[Cookbook:Coconut|coconut]] or chopped [[Cookbook:Nuts and Seeds|nuts]] ([[Cookbook:Pecan|pecans]], [[Cookbook:Walnut|walnuts]], etc.)

[[Category:Orange recipes]]
[[Category:Pineapple recipes]]
[[Category:Marshmallow recipes]]
[[Category:Pasta recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Boiled recipes]]
[[Category:Refrigerated recipes]]
[[Category:Salad recipes]]
[[Category:Granulated sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Egg yolk recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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      <text bytes="82703" sha1="12bks5lk8chxmr3efctz925tmgcv89q" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|Lots of bad formatting, needs to be broken into several smaller pages, links to external images, links to commons images that have been deleted or removed, etc.}}

==Biotechnology==
===Block 1B===
'''PCR'''

PCR, or Polymerase Chain Reaction, was developed by ''Kari Mullis'' for the purpose of amplifying DNA obtained from crime scenes. In short, it's replication GONE CRAZY. In just a few hours, DNA can be replicated millions of times. In the procedure, DNA Polymerase uses nucleotides and primers to replicate a small sequence of DNA so that it is visible when comparing DNA obtained from a crime scene with samples. There are four steps to the process:

1.  Denaturation – breaks Hydrogren bonds, splits them with heat

2.  Anneal – adds primers, cools DNA

3.  Extension – DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides to the DNA sequence

4.  Repeat – in three hours, one can obtain ''three million'' copies of the DNA.

The DNA polymerase of ''Thermus aquaticus,'' a bacterium that lives in hot springs, is often used during PCR because the enzyme is able to survive the extremely hot temperatures needed to break hydrogen bonds in the DNA. One can replicate specific sequences of the DNA by utilizing specific primers in the replication process.


'''Gel Electrophoresis'''

Gel electrophoresis is a method of separating the strands of DNA based on their ''charge'' and ''size.'' Based on charge, DNA molecules have a negative charge. When placed on a magnetic field, the DNA strands move toward the positive pole. In addition, they can be separated based on size. Larger DNA molecules move much slower than small ones, so different sized DNA strands stop at different points along the magnetic field. Through this technique, the DNA leaves a distinctive pattern, and it can be compared to other samples to match DNA.

'''Restriction Enzymes'''

Restrictions enzymes, or ''molecular scissors,'' are used to cut DNA molecules in specific places. Bacteria produce restriction enzymes for the purpose of seeking out and destroying bacteriophage DNA. Researchers use these restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific points, called palindromes, into manageable segments. Later this DNA can be inserted into a vector molecule, which will take the plasmids (DNA segments) into the cell. Once inside the nucleus of the cell, this plasmid DNA is replicated and distributed to any daughter cells. Restriction enzymes cut the DNA in a staggered pattern, producing ''sticky ends'' to which other DNA molecules which have been cut with the same restriction enzyme can bind.

'''Recombinant DNA'''

When DNA is spliced into a vector, the newly-formed product is known as recombinant DNA. Genetic engineering enables individuals to change viruses so that they can more easily introduce DNA into cells of more complex organisms, creating more complex and advanced recombinant DNA.

'''Human Genome Project'''

The human genome project aims to find the location of all of these genes on the human chromosomes and the base sequence of all of the DNA that makes them up. The project is an international cooperative one, with laboratories in many countries involved. The sequencing of the entire human genome will make it easier to study how genes control human development. It will allow easier identification of genetic diseases and the production of new drugs bases on DNA base sequences of genes or the structure of proteins coded for by these genes. It is estimated that the project could contain anywhere from 30,000 to 40,000 different individual genes.

'''Cloning'''

Cloning produces an organism with and identical genotype as to its host/donor. A clone is a group of genetically identical organisms or a group genetically identical cells derived from a single parent. Two types of cloning exist: cloning by embryo splitting, an earlier procedure, and cloning by nuclear transfer, used to clone the sheep Dolly. To clone the sheep Dolly, udder cells were taken from a donor sheep and unfertilized egg cells were taken from another sheep. The nucleus was removed from each egg, which were then fused with the donor cells using electricity. The fused cells developed into embryos, which were then implanted into a surrogate mother. The mother gave birth to a sheep genetically identical to that of the donor cell organism.  Cloning by embryo splitting is an earlier method with differences in the method by which a clone is achieved. First, the actual egg cell of an animal is removed to be fertilized in a petri dish. In the dish, the zona pellucida is a chemical coating that promotes cell division. After the first division, this zona pellucida is removed by an enzyme and the two cells separate to become two individual cells. Within the petri dish, an artificial zona pellucida is added to the individual eggs and they continue development separately. This method is often used in cloning favorable livestock. Livestock are often selected for cloning based on favorable commercial qualities, including wool, meat, or milk productivity.

'''Use of Reverse Transcriptase in Biotechnology'''

In the biological world, reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used mostly by viruses to convert single-stranded RNA molecules into double-stranded DNA molecules. In terms of biotechnology, reverse transcriptase is utilized in reverse transcription PCR. In this way, by converting RNA to DNA before beginning the process of PCR, RNA can be examined in the same way that DNA can be through the process.

'''Bio Tech Ethics'''

There are many controversial issues concerning biotechnology.
Cons- 1. New chemicals can kill agriculture
      2. Some people have allergic reactions, sometimes fatal to biotech engineered food
      3. Cloning (hot political issue*) can be seen as trying to &quot;be God&quot;
      4. Cloning can cause some genetic problems

Pros- 1. With Biotech, we can feed the rapidly growing world population better
      2. Products can grow faster, bigger, and better
      3. Cloned animals such as cows can produce more milk to better the American market

===Block 3B===
'''PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction:'''
The polymerase chain reaction is used to amplify DNA in a small amount of time. There are four basic steps that outline this amplification. Denaturation: heat(extreme) is used to break hydrogen bonds and separate the strands of DNA; Anneal: Primers are then added to the separated strands during this step; Extension: Thermus aquaticus provides the enzyme DNA polymerase; Repeat: The process is then repeated multiple times. Each hour yields approximately one million copies. (five hours = about five million copies)

'''Restriction Enzymes'''

Restriction enzymes are DNA scissors. They cut both strands at specific bases in order to remove needed genes and open bacterial plasmids. 
By cutting at certain bases, they can create sticky ends, helpful in the creation of recombinant plasmids (i.e. insulin).

'''Gel Electrophoresis:'''

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA according to size and charge. Due to the phosphate groups that make up DNA, DNA has a negative charge. Therefore, DNA will migrate towards the positively charged pole. In addition, large molecules will move slower than the smaller molecules. 

'''Reverse Transcriptase'''

Reverse Transcriptase is used to create DNA from RNA. It is found in retroviruses. Biotechnology uses this to create DNA without the garbage introns from RNA.

'''The Human Genome Project'''
The Human Genome Project was started by United States scientists in 1990. Although originally planned to last for fifteen years because of the extensive amount of work that was planned to be done, it only took until 2003. The Human Genome Project successfully determined the sequences of over three billion base pairs in DNA and identified all of the genes in DNA. The ultimate goal of the Human Genome Project was to map out human DNA so that it would be easier to cure diseases and sickness.

'''Cloning'''

Dolly is the name of a sheep that was cloned by nuclear transfer. Another way of cloning is embryo-splitting.

'''Recombinant DNA'''
After a specific section of DNA is spliced off, it can be inserted into an organism via a vector. A vector is a means of transporting this DNA fragment, such as a gene gun or bacteriophage (which we steal to inject the recombinant DNA). This allows us to insert new genes into organisms, forming the basis for genetic engineering.

===Block 4B===

'''Restriction enzymes''' are “molecular scissors” used to cut DNA molecules in specific places. Restriction enzymes cut DNA in a staggered manner, which produces pieces with identical, complementary, single-stranded “sticky ends”. These “sticky ends” can pair up with single-stranded ends of other DNA molecules that have been cut with the same restriction enzyme.

'''PCR''' is also known as the Polymerase Chain Reaction. It was created/discovered in 1983 by Kary Mullis. The main purpose of PCR is to make many many many copies of DNA (1 to over 3 million in 3 hours!!). The first step is '''Denaturation''' which breaks the Hydrogen bonds and separates the strands of DNA using heat. Then there is '''Anneal''', which adds DNA Primers using DNA Poymerase. The final step is '''Extension''' where DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides(dNTPs).

'''Gel Electrophoresis''' is an example of DNA profiling that is used to separate strands of DNA based on charge and size. Smaller molecules move much faster than the larger molecules. When DNA has a negative charge, because of the phosphate groups, it will migrate towards a pole with a positive charge.

'''Recombinant DNA''' is formed when DNA is spliced into a vector, it is the DNA that has been created artificially. Engineered viruses are used to introduce DNA into the cells of more complex organisms.

'''The Human Genome Project''' was a project launched officially in 1990 at a cost of 3 billion US dollars with a coalition of countries such as the U.S., U.K., Germany, France, Japan, and China. The purpose of this project was to identify all of the 20000-25000 genes in the human DNA, determine sequences, store the information in the database, improve tools for analysis, among other goals. The sequence of the last chromosome was published in 2006; although, the genome itself was finished in 2000. With the completion of the project, scientists are closer to their goal of isolating genes that could cause certain diseases/ disorders.

'''Gene therapy''' is used to treat genetic diseases by altering the genotype. In theory, it would be possible to eliminate genetic diseases in the future by changing the base sequence of the allele that causes the disease. For example, if the disease-causing allele is recessive, one could insert the dominating allele that would prevent the disease into the cells that have been infected. Although this procedure could be done at several different stages during the human life cycle, the best cells to use are stem cells. They can divide repeatedly to replace lost body cells.

'''Gene mutation''' is any change to the base sequence of a gene. Although there are several types of gene mutations, the smallest possible change that can occur (when one base is replaced by another) is called a '''base substitution'''. One of the most notable examples of a gene mutation is non-disjunction in chromosome 21 (trisomy-21), otherwise known as Down syndrome.

'''Cloning'''
Cloning is a process by which a genetically identical copy is made of something. The most famous example to date is Dolly the Sheep. Dolly was the product of somatic cell nuclear transfer where 
1) the nucleus from a somatic cell is placed inside an egg cell, which has had its nucleus removed
2)An electrical shock initiates the egg that contains the somatic cell's nucleus to begin dividing
3)It will eventually form a blastocyst, which has almost identical DNA to the original organism.

Scientists have said that it is possible to clone humans, but the process is considered controversial. On the positive side cloning of embryos would allow scientist to screen for genetic diseases earlier. Then infertile couples would have a better chance if their embryos were cloned. On the negative side those groups who were genetically identical might suffer psychological problems. Also, if differentiated cells could cause a high risk of fetal abnormalities and a high rate of miscarriages. Then differentiated cells have already begun ageing and it might cause the humans clones to grow old quickly.

'''Reverse transcriptase''' is the molecule which allows a single strand of RNA to be made into a double strand of DNA.

==Cellular Biology==
===Block 1B===
'''Viruses/Reverse Transcriptase'''

''Viruses'' are non-cellular infections agents that must have a host cell to replicate. They are also considered non-living; however, this is debated, as the current definition for life may be contestable. Viruses are self-propagating, and they undergo some of the same biological processes that other classifed living organisms do. Viruses also contain nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) which is surrounded by a protein coat, or capsid. An argument against viruses being considered living organisms is that they rely on other cells to perform metabolic activities, with no independence. The most widely accepted theory for the origin of viruses is that they are bits of nucleic acid that have escaped from cells. ''Phages'' are viruses that invade bacteria.

''Reverse transriptase,'' also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA. Normal transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA, hence reverse transcription is the reverse of this.

'''Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells'''

Eukaryotic cells feature ''membrane-bound organelles,'' compared to prokaryotic cells which do not. Prokaryotic cells feature both a ''cell wall'' and a cell membrane, while eukaryotic cells feature only the membrane. Prokaryotic cells are also typically ''smaller'' than eukaryotic cells and likely ''evolved first.'' Prokaryotic cells feature ''circular'' DNA which is naked, while eukaryotic cells contain ''linear'' DNA contained within a nucleus. Lastly, prokaryotic cells feature ''70s'' ribosomes, in contrast to ''80s'' ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells.

'''Plant/Animal Cells'''

Plant cells feature chloroplasts and mitochondria, while animals cells only contain mitochondria. Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose, whereas animal cells only have the cell membrane. Plant cells contain one large vacuole to store water, while animal cells have many smaller vacuoles for the storage of other substances. Lastly, animal cells have cilia and flagella to promote movement, while plant cells are stationary.  

'''Cellular Organelles:  Functions, Structure'''

''Nucleus'' - Contains DNA, regulates cell processes

''Nucleolus'' - Creates ribosomes

''Chloroplast'' - Site of photosynthesis

''Mitochondria'' - Make energy

''Endoplasmic Reticulum'' (rough or smooth) - Pathway for transport of materials throughout cell

''Ribosomes'' - Synthesize proteins

''Lysosome'' - Digests food, recycles organic material, suicice sac, contains digestive enzymes

''Golgi Apparatus'' - Packaging center for proteins

''Vacuole'' - Storage, disposal of waste

''Vesicles'' - Transfers proteins through cytosol

''Plasma Membrane'' - Selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of materials in and out of the cell

''Cell Wall'' - Maintains shape, water intake, and protection for the cell

''Cilia/Flagella'' - Provide movement

''Microtubule'' - Structure

''Centrioles'' - Assist in cell division

'''Plasma Membrane/Structure'''

Plasma membrances for cells are made of a phospholipid bilayer. Each phospholipid is made up of two fatty acid chains linked to a glycerol molecule.

'''Cell Cycle'''

''INTERPHASE''

GROWTH 1 (or G0) - 11 hours long (longest phase), rapid growth of organelles

SYNTHESIS - 7 hours, DNA replication

GROWTH 2 - 13 hours (I'm not sure why G1 is the longest phase, but that's what my diagram says), growth continues, final preparation for mitosis, spindles form


''MITOSIS'' - 1 hour (shortest phase), Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Cytokinesis then leads back to &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; ''INTERPHASE''

&lt;big&gt;'''Cells'''&lt;/big&gt;

Cells are the building blocks of all living things

===Block 3B===

'''Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells'''

Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have many differences, such as the following:
Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA/Eukaryotic cells have linear DNA
Prokaryotic cells have 70 Svedburg Ribosomes/Eukaryotic cells have 80 Svedburg Ribosomes
Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

'''Animal and Plant Cells'''

''Plant Cells''
•	Surrounded by both Plasma membrane and rigid cell wall
•	Contain mitochondria and chloroplasts
•	Rigidly held in place by cellulose wall
•	Has one single large vacuole that holds mostly water and offers structural support.
''Animal Cells''
•	Surrounded by plasma membrane only
•	Retains the ability to move (cilia/flagella)
•	Has many small vacuoles sporadically sprinkled throughout the cytoplasm

Cellular organelles:
• ''Nucleus'': Used to control protein synthesis and hold DNA. &quot;The brain.&quot; •''Nucleolus'': Used to make ribosomes • ''Chloroplast'':The site of photosynthesis in plants • ''Mitochondria'': Site of cellular respiration, which is the catabolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from other sugars, fats, and other fuels with the aid of oxygen)&quot;The Powerhouse&quot; • ''Rough Endoplasmic Reticulm'': Holds the ribosomes which create proteins for export • ''Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum'': The site for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification • ''Ribosomes'': Manufacture Proteins • ''Lysosomes'': They digest unwanted material and waste in the cell •'' Golgi Apparatus'': The packaging center that receives and transports vesicles • ''Vacuole'': Stores material and for plants it provides structure • ''Vesicles'': Membrane bound transportation sacs • ''Plasma Membrane'': Selective and permeable barrier that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell

'''Endosymbiosis'''

Endosymbiosis is a theory that attempts to explain how cell organelles developed to form eukaryotes.Lynn Margulis is credited as the founder of this theory. Endosymbiosis states that early prokaryote cells engulfed other prokaryote cells, which formed a mutual symbiosis in which the outer cell provided protection, while the inner cells produced energy. This explains how mitochondria and chloroplasts developed as separate cells which later evolved into their present organelles. There are several &quot;proofs&quot; claimed for endosymbiosis. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have several characteristics of early prokaryotes
# Circular DNA
# 70S Ribosomes
# Undergo Mitosis on their own
# Separate membranes

===Block 4B===
Organisms can either be unicellular or multicellular. It is the unicellular organisms, however, that are needed to carry out life functions. The cells in multicellular organisms are unique in that they can they are able to perform specialized functions by expressing certain genes, but not others.

&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF3300;&quot;&gt;Robert Hooke&lt;/b&gt; first discovered cells. Anecdote to help remember said fact: While looking at the small entities, their compartmentalized appearance reminded him of tiny, connected rooms (also known as &quot;cells&quot; during this time). Hence he decided to name the entities &quot;cells&quot;.


Viruses need a host cell to replicate in. Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase to insert the virus DNA into the host DNA, making the virus unrecognizable from the host. One of the most notable retroviruses of today is HIV.


Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast and a plasma membrane but do not have centrioles. Plant cells also contain a central vacoule, for water storage.

Animal cells do not have a cell wall, chloroplast or plasma membrane but have centrioles. Animal cells also can have movement organelles, such as flagella. 

&lt;u&gt;Cell Size&lt;/u&gt;

A cell's rate of metabolism is equal to the ratio mass:volume. Likewise, the rate of material exchange is equal to a cell's surface area. It's vital that a cell has a high surface area to volume ratio. It can only do this by remaining small, because it's surface area increases much more slowly than its volume. If a cell becomes to large, it will lose its ability to maintain levels of homeostasis. &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;Microvilli&lt;/b&gt; can help to increase a cell's surface area without changing its size.
The type of microscope used to view a cell can significantly change the viewers image of the cell. A &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;light microscope&lt;/b&gt; is used to view living organisms, uses color images, has a large field of view, has a low resolution with a magnification of 1000x, and is relatively inexpensive, and portable, as well. An &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;electron microscope&lt;/b&gt;, on the other hand is used to view dead organisms, uses monochrome images, has a small field of view, has a high resolution with a magnification of 250,000x, is rather expensive, and cannot be moved.

&lt;u&gt;Components of the Prokaryotic Cell&lt;/u&gt;

'''Cell Wall'''-Provides protection &amp; support; made of peptidoglycan.

'''Plasma Membrane'''-Allows for the regulation of intra/extra material in the cells.

'''Mesosome'''-Located in the infolding of the plasma membrane. DNA replication occurs here.

'''Cytoplasm'''-Intercellular fluid that suspends organelles.

'''Ribosomes'''-Involved with protein manufacturing.

'''Nucleoid region'''-&quot;Naked&quot; DNA is located here.

&lt;u&gt;Components of Eukaryotic cells&lt;/u&gt;

'''Cytoplasm'''-watery material that contains materials involved in cell metabolism

'''Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)'''- pathway for the transportation of materials throughout the cell; associated with synthesis and storage

'''Nucleus'''-control center for cell metabolism and reproduction

'''Ribosome'''-site of protein synthesis

'''Lysosomes'''- digestion of food within the cells

'''Mitochondria'''- &quot;powerhouse&quot; of the cell; site of cellular respiration. It has two membranes (inner, outer). All eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

'''Golgi bodies'''- packages and secrets products of the cell

'''Centrioles'''- cell division in animals

'''Vacuoles'''- Fluid filled organelles sheltered by the membrane, holds stored food and waste

'''Nucleolus'''- site of the production of ribosomes

'''Nuclear membrane'''- controls movement in and out of nucleus

'''Cell wall'''- gives shape and provide production in plants

'''Cilia'''- hairlike structure that helps the cell move. Composed in a 9x2 arrangement of microtubules.

'''Flagellum'''- long, hairlike tail used for movement. Composed in a 9x2 arrangement of microtubules.

'''Chloroplast'''- site of photosynthesis

'''Cell plate'''- new cell wall that begins to form during cytokinesis

'''Chlorophyll'''-traps light and used to reproduce in plants

'''microtubles'''-microscopic cylinders that give cell shape. They are larger than the thin '''microfilaments'''

'''microtubules'''-transport chromosomes during cell division, as well as organelles and vesicles throughout the cell.

'''chloroplast'''-site of photosynthesis. It contains the pigment chlorophyll. The chloroplast has three membranes (inner, outer, thylakoid). Plants, algae, and some other protists carryout photosynthesis with the chloroplast.

There are numerous enzymes that are actually imbedded in membranes. The following membranes are a part of the &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;endomembrane system&lt;/b&gt;: ER, nucleus, Golgo complex, lysosome, vacuoles, and plasma membrane. Eukaryotic cells have a cytoskeleton that provides shape and allows for locomotion. 

Prokaryotic cells: circular DNA, mesosome, lack membrane bound organelles, 70S ribosomes, smaller

Eukaryotic cells: linear DNA, no mesosome, contain membrane-bound organelles, 80S ribosomes, larger

'''Cell Cycle'''
I: Interphase- longest phase
G: Growth (transcription and translation occur)
S: synthesis of DNA (replication occurs)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

==Cell Division==

===Block 1B===
'''Mitosis:  Purpose?  Stages?'''

''Purpose'' - growth and repair; allows for direct replication of a cell

''Stages'' - Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase1

'''Meiosis:  Purpose?  Stages?'''

''Purpose'' - reproduction; allows for the formation of haploid gamete cells

-Germ cells of Eukaryotes produce gametes

-2 Divisions ending in 4 cells that are different from each other and parents

''Stages''

INTERPHASE

-chromosomes replicated in the S-phase

PROPHASE I

-nucleus and nuclear membrane break down

-centrioles move towards opposite poles

-tetrads formed

METAPHASE I

-homologous pair line up along equator

ANAPHASE I

-homologues separate and move to opposite poles


TELOPHASE I

-chromosomes at opposite poles

-new cell membranes form through cytokeneisis

PROPHASE II

METAPHASE II

ANAPHASE II

TELOPHASE II

When homologous chromosomes meet at the equator to form a tetrad, ''crossing over'' can sometimes occur among sister chromatids. In crossing over, the genes switch chromosomes at the ''chiasma'' and travel with their new chromosomes through the remained of the process of meiosis. The term ''tetrad'' refers to the structure formed when these two homologous chromosomes come together. ''Independent Assortment'' refers to the quality that chromosomes will sort into different cells during meiosis independent of one another. Both ''crossing over'' and ''independent assortment'' increase genetic variation in reproduction of a species, allowing for evolution. Species which reproduce by mitosis have less genetic variation, which can only be achieved through mutations.

'''''MICROTUBULES'''''

Microtubules are one of the components of the cytoskeleton. Microtubules serve as structural components within cells and are involved in many cellular processes including mitosis, cytokinesis, and vesicular transport.

'''''CENTRIOLES'''''

A centriole in biology is a barrel shaped microtubule structure found in most animal cells and algae though not often in plants. It constitutes the compound structure known to cell biologists as the centrosome. Centrioles are very important in the cell division process. They organize the pericentriolar material (PCM) which plays a role in organizing the mitotic spindle, which in turn helps the cells to divide. The mitotic spindle functions in the chromosomes. 
During cell division the centrioles are duplicated, so that there will be a pair for each daughter cell.

===Block 3B===

'''Mitosis'''
The purpose of mitosis is to make two identical cells by chromosome duplication.
Stages are the following:
-Interphase
-Prophase
-Prometaphase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
-Cytokinesis

'''Meiosis''': The purpose is to create four haploid germ cells (such as sperm/eggs). This process ensures genetic variation in offspring. The daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell, unlike in mitosis. Meiosis can be broken down into roughly nine steps: Prophase I-Metaphase I- Anaphase I - Telophase I- Prophase II - Metaphase II - Anaphase II- Telophase II- Cytokinesis


'''Microtubules'''
Microtubules are hollow filament structures in eukaryotic cells that help chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell (especially in anaphase of mitosis). They also aid in the structure and support of a cell.

'''Variation'''
There are several ways that Meiosis produces variation in organisms.
# Crossing Over - When a tetrad forms, the tips of the homologous chromosomes can switch, allowing for random variation during Prophase I.
# Mutations - Random freak genetic accidents can mutate genes.
## Insertion - DNA put in
## Deletion - DNA taken out
## Inversion - DNA reversed
## Translocation - DNA cut out somewhere and stuck back in somewhere else
# Independant Assortment - Chromosomes line up independently during meiosis, creating a near infinite amount of combinations.

===Block 4B===
Mitosis
Mitosis is asexual reproduction. It creates two new, identical nuclei.
Stages: 
        Prophase-the chromosomes condense and become visible.
        Metaphase-chromosomes line up at the meta pkate and the spindle fibers attach
        to the centromeres
        Anaphase:Spindle fibers shorten, chromotids separate.
        Telophase-cytokinesis! two new identical cells.

&lt;b&gt;Cell Cycle&lt;/b&gt;

The cell cycle begins in the first gap phase, also known as the &lt;b&gt;G1 phase&lt;/b&gt;. This phase of growth is the longest phase of the cell cycle. Near the end of this phase, the enzymes that allow the cycle to move into its second phase become increasingly active. Some cells do not divide, and are stuck in this phase of the cell cycle, which, in that case, would be G0. The next phase, the &lt;b&gt;S phase&lt;/b&gt;, DNA is synthesized, along with some chromosomal proteins. This is also the stage in which the complex process of chromosome replication takes place. Upon the completion of the S phase, the cell enters it's second gap phase, the &lt;b&gt;G2 phase&lt;/b&gt;. As the cell prepares for division, more proteins are synthesized. This phase is relatively short compared to the previous two phases. The final stage of the cell cycle, mitosis, occurs next. Although it is the shortest phase of the cell cycle, this is the part in which the most action takes place. Near the conclusion of mitosis, the cytoplasm divides to form two cells in a process called &lt;b&gt;cytokinesis&lt;/b&gt;. Cytokinesis overlaps into the G1 phase, which starts the cycle over again.

Mitosis is the process in which a cell duplicates its chromosomes to generate two, identical cells. It is associated with growth and asexual reproduction. Stages: Interphase (uncondensed chromosomes), Prophase (chromosomes condense), Metaphase (chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate), Anaphase (chromatids separate), Telophase (2 new identical cells).

Crossing over allows for genetic variation in gametes. It occurs on non-sister chromatids. The chiasma is the site of crossing over.

Tetrads form only during Meiosis and consists of 2 homologous chromosomes.

Chromosome= DNA+Protein

Variation occurs during meiosis because of two things. The first being because of crossing over. Crossing over provides a new arrangement of genetic information, which then increases the chance for variation. The other method that variation occurs is because of the law of independent assortment. In the law of independent assortment alleles of different loci are randomly distributed into gametes.

==Genetics==
===Block 1B===
'''GENETIC TERMS'''

- Homozygous: Having two identical alleles of a gene 

- Locus: The particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene

- Co-dominant Alleles: Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote.

- Test Cross: Testing a suspected heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive.

- Carrier: An individual that has a recessive allele of a gene that does not have an effect on their phenotype.

- Phenotype: The observable physical of biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic make up.

- Heterozygous: Having two different alleles of a gene.

- Dominant Allele: An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is present in the homozygous or heterozygous state.

- Recessive Allele: An allele that only has an effort on the phenotype when present in the homozygous state.

- Genotype: The combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait.


Linked Genes are located on the same chromosome and are inherited together. They do not assort independently. Linked genes will only form recombinants if crossing over has occurred

Genetic Recombination: production of offspring with different traits than the parents

Recombination Frequency: (# recombinants)/(total # offspring) x 100%

Mutation- a change, different from the parents', that occurs on a chromosome that marks for a specific trait

===Block 3B===
'''Genetic terminology:'''
“Allele”- one of two expressions of a gene that occupies a single locus on a chromosome.

“Dominant” – a gene that, once inherited, results in the occurrence of a specific phenotype (ex. Having the dominant gene for a widow’s peak means you have a widow’s peak on your forehead)

“Recessive”- a gene that results in the absence of the stated phenotype (ex. Being recessive for the widow’s peak means you DO NOT have one),

“Homozygous”- describes a gene with two identical alleles, either dominant of recessive (ex. HH or hh)

“Heterozygous”-describes a gene containing one dominant allele and one recessive allele (ex. Hh)

“Polyploid”- refers to the possession of more than one set of chromosomes. [Polyploid organisms, especially plants, are larger than normal and have larger cells. Affected animals are often abnormal in appearance and usually infertile.]

'''Polygenic Inheritance'''

Polygenic inheritance refers to traits that are determined by more than one gene. For instance, skin color, hair color, or eye color. There isn't just black or blonde hair, but varying shades of each due to polygenic inheritance.

'''Sex-linked Traits'''
A sex-linked trait is due to a gene found only on the X chromosome, otherwise known as the sex chromosome. One example is colorblindness, which males are more likely to get because they have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. If the allele for colorblindness is on the X chromosome, it will be expressed regardless of whether it is on the Y chromosome or not. For the colorblindness trait to be expressed in females, who have two X chromosomes, the allele for the trait must be present in both X chromosomes.
'''Karyotype'''
A karyotype is a picture of an individual's chromosomes. Karyotypes are used to identify certain genetic disorders. For example, if the karyotype reveals trisomy on chromosome 21 then the person has Down syndrome.

'''Linkage Group''': Genes in a particular chromosome that tend to be inherited together. A one to one ration should be obtained if the genes are linked. They will from recombinants solely in the event that crossing over has occurred. In order to calculate the frequency one can use the formula: % Recombinants/total offspring x 100%= recombination (in percent, centimorgans, or map units)

===Block 4B===

'''Genotype''' – alleles on a homologous chromosome that show the characteristics of the trait that the homologous chromosome codes for

'''Phenotype''' – The observable physical characteristics determined by genes

'''Locus''' – The position of a gene on a chromosome

'''Homozygous''' – two identical alleles of a gene [gene with two identical alleles, either dominant of recessive (ex. HH or hh)]

'''Heterozygous'''- two different alleles of a gene [one dominant allele and one recessive allele (ex. Hh0]

'''Dominant Allele'''- an allele that is dominant in regards to the phenotype whether it is part of a homozygous or heterozygous combination 

'''Recessive Allele'''- An allele that does not show if a dominant allele is present, but shows when an organism has a trait that is homozygous recessive 

'''Test Cross'''-Testing for a heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive organism

'''Genetic Recombination'''-offspring that has different genotypes from its parents

'''Carrier'''- An organism that has a recessive allele of a gene that does not effect it, but that it may pass down to its offspring

'''Co-dominant Alleles'''-Pairs of alleles that equally affect the phenotype even though they are heterozygote

'''Linked genes''' -genes that are located on the same chromosome.

'''Karyotype''' - the chromosome composition of an individual and a photomicrograph showing the 
composition (generally numbered in order of size)

P Generation: Parent generation
F1 Generation: The offspring of the parent generation
F2 Generation: The offspring of the F1 generation

Multiple alleles-three or more alleles of a single locus. ex. blood types

The phenotypic ratio of a ''monohybrid cross'' is 3:1. The phenotypic ratio for a ''dihybrid cross'' is 9:3:3:1.

Sometimes when traits are crossed people end up getting traits that are known as '''hybrid vigor'''. This is when superiority arises from the heterozygote as oppose to homozygous genotypes. Some examples of hybrid vigors are mules, and Sickle cell when it is a heterozygote because the people can not get malaria, but they can still carry oxygen.

Polygenetic inheritance is when multiple independent pairs of genes have similar and additive effects on the same trait 
- Coded for by more than one gene
- Appear in a normal distribution curve
Examples: Skin, eye, hair colors

'''Mutation''' – a change on the chromosome or in the gene that gives the offspring different DNA/ traits from the parents.

'''Polyploid''' organisms have more than two copies of each chromosome.

'''Polygenetic inheritance''' is when multiple independent pairs of genes have similar and additive effects on the same trait 
- Coded for by more than one gene
- Appear in a normal distribution curve
Examples: Skin, eye, hair colors

'''Diploid''': having the full set of chromosomes (2n or 46 chromosomes)
'''Haploid''': gametes (egg and sperm) only half the number of chromosomes (n)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Mathematics and Genetics&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;u&gt;Probability&lt;/u&gt; – The fraction, percentage, or ratio that is used to describe the chance of an event occurring. In genetics, probabilities predict phenotypes and genotypes that come from genetic crosses. 

&lt;u&gt;Product Rule&lt;/u&gt; – The probability that two or more independent events will occur together is found using the product of the individual probabilities of each event. If the probability of a cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant producing a short pea plant is 25%, what is the probability of three short plants being produced in a row? The answer can be found using the product rule: 0.25×0.25x0.25=0.015625 or 1/64. So there is a 1 in 64 chance that three short plants will be produced in a row.

&lt;u&gt;Hardy–Weinberg principle&lt;/u&gt; – Named after English mathematician Godfrey Hardy and German physician William Weinberg, this principle shows the expected frequencies of different genotypes in a population. Though this rule represents an ideal population in which there is &lt;b&gt;random mating, no mutation, a large population size, no migration&lt;/b&gt; (emigration of immigration) and &lt;b&gt;no natural selection&lt;/b&gt;, it helps us understand that in large populations, the process of inheritance does not cause changes in allele frequencies alone. There are two equations used in Hardy-Weinberg: &lt;b&gt;p&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; + 2pq + q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 1&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;p + q = 1&lt;/b&gt;, where p&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; is the dominant genotype frequency (AA), 2pq is the heterozygous genotype frequency (Aa) and q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; is the recessive genotype frequency (aa). Therefore, p represents the dominant allele (A) while q represents the recessive allele (a).

==DNA==
===Block 1B===
'''Structure'''
DNA's structure is quite complicated.
'''STRUCTURE'''

The structure of DNA is illustrate by handed double helix, with about 10 nucleotide pairs per helical turn. Each spiral strand, composed of a sugar phosphate backbone and attached bases, is connected to a complementary strand by hydrogen bonding (non- covalent) between paired bases, adenine (A) with thymine (T) and guanine (G) with cytosine (C).

Adenine and thymine are connected by two hydrogen bonds (non-covalent) while guanine and cytosine are connected by three.

This structure was first described by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953.

'''Transcription'''

-Occurs in the nucleus

-Occurs in a 5'-3' direction

-RNA Polymerase recognizes the start point at the promoter region. Ribonucleoside triphosphate supply the energy for transcription and become RNA nucleotides by losing a phosphate. Transcription ends at the terminator region. RNA undergoes splicing to remove introns before it leaves the nucleus. Before splicing mRNA = hn RNA. After splicing mRNA = mature m RNA

'''Translation'''

-Occurs in the cytoplasm/ribosomes

-Occurs in a 5' - 3' direction

-tRNA activating enzyme binds a specific amino acid to tRNA using ATP energy. At the 3' end of every tRNA are the three nitrogenous bases: CCA. Translation consists of initiation, elongation, and termination. The start codon is always AUG.

'''DNA = Deoxyribonucleuic Acid'''
DNA is the blueprint for who we are and for who we have become

===Block 3B===
DNA is shaped as a double helix. One strand of DNA contains a sugar and phosphate backbone and a base. The subunits of DNA are Nucleotides. The bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Adenine and guanine are purines. Thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines. Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine.
Most of DNA is repetitive sequences that don't code for anything, only a small portion is coding. The nucleotides are held together by '''phosphodiester''' bonds which links the sugar and the '''phosphate'''. DNA strands also run anti-parallel. Basically, this means that on any give strand, one end of the phosphate is attached to a 5' carbon and the other to a 3' carbon. When two DNA strands join the 5' carbon attaches itself to the 3' carbon end.

'''Structure'''

'''Chromosome Composition'''
Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein. The DNA is coiled around the proteins (histones) and then folded over itself. Histones make up a nucleosome, which is a complete coil of DNA around the histone core (eight histones) held together by one histone stabilizing protein.

'''DNA Replication'''
DNA replication is semi-conservative. This means that each new DNA molecule has half of the original. In order to begin replication, DNA is unwound (unzipped) by DNA helicase. Helix-destabilizing proteins keep the helix in the unzipped position until the complimentary bases are added. DNA Polymerase III catalyzes the linking together of nucleotide subunits in a 5' to 3' direction as always. The energy and nucleotides are provided by Deoxynucleoside Triphosphate. When replication is about to begin, RNA primase lays down RNA primers which are replaced by DNA by DNA Polymerase I before replication is complete.  Replication is initiated at many points and is discontinuous in one strand and continuous in the other. The lagging strand moves away from the replication fork and is synthesized in fragments because DNA polymerase cannot move too far from the replication fork and the leading strand goes toward it. The fragments on the lagging strand are known as Okazaki fragments and the fragments are joined together by DNA ligase.

quiz yourself! can you label every number in the picture below?

'''Polysomes and Nucleosomes'''
A polysome is a bunch of ribosomes bounded together by mRNA.
A nucleosome is made up of eight histones with DNA wrapped around it and a stabilizing histone on top.
Nucleosomes package DNA into chromosomes.

'''Transcription:'''
	In a general sense, transcription is the process of copying the specific needed recipe from the huge cookbook, slimming off all the excess and sending out to be made.
	*happens within the nucleolous and cytoplasm
	*always occurs in 5’-3’ direction
How its done:
1.RNA polymerase finds the specific base-coded unit called the “promoter” it's a start sign written in A’s T’s G’s and C’s.
2. The RNA polymerase then lays down the needed coinciding base units on the anti-sense strand.
3.this strand of RNA is known now as hnRNA, it still has introns.
4.In the open are of the nuclear membrane, the strand is “spliced” all of the intron garbage is removed, and it is now called mature DNA. 3 bases of said strand is called one codon, or one amino acid.

'''Translation:'''

Translation is the actual cooking of the recipe. It is the process of ribosomes reading the specific amino acids and sending the instructions out into the cell. This whole awesome process goes down in the cytoplasm.
 Remember: INITIATION, ELONGATION, TERMINATION.

 How it all goes down:
•	The start codon, AUG meets 
•	between the two parts of the ribosome : The large and small sub units. The anit codon (UAC) connects with the codon at the Peptide station on the large s.u. 
•	The enzyme peptydil transferase then moves this connected unit from the P to the A area, thus sending the chain down the line.
•	 This process continues until all the little jellyfish are made.

===Block 4B===
The structure of DNA, its double helix shape, was discovered by Watson and Crick.  DNA is a '''nucleic acid''' (polymer) made from '''nucleotides''' (the monomers of nucleic acids). Each nucleotide is made made of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base.  The base is bonded to the sugar which is bonded to phosphates. The sugars and phoshpates bond together ('''phosphodiester bond''') in an alternating pattern the forms the backbone of DNA. The nucleotides of DNA contain 4 bases, the '''purines''' encompassing Adenine and Guanine and the '''pyrimidines''' which include Cytocene and Thymine. These nucleotides combine to form a strand of DNA.  DNA is a double stranded molecule. The strands are linked by hydrogen bonds between the bases. Adenine bonds with Thymine and is held by two hydrogen bonds, and Cytocene bonds with Guanine and is held together by three hydrogen bonds. It is this difference in bond number and thus strength that accounts for the helicle shape. Due to the phosphates in the DNA strand a DNA molecule of DNA has a slightly negative charge.

Chromosome composition includes DNA (genes) and a protein.

*DNA Synthesis begins at specific based sequences termed the ORIGINS OF REPLICATION (there are many)...The replication fork occurs at both ends so DNA replication proceeds in both directions.

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;DNA Replication&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

There are three types of replication:

1. Semi-conservative replication - The new DNA molecules have half the genetic material as the original.

2. Conservative replication - The new molecules have all the genetic material of original. 

3. Dispersive replication - Each molecule contains a mixture of genetic material in various regions on each strand.

 
Replication of DNA begins at certain sites on the DNA molecule known as &lt;i&gt;origins of replication&lt;/i&gt;. The Y-shaped structure at which both DNA strands are replicated simultaneously is known as the replication fork. There is a &lt;i&gt;lagging strand&lt;/i&gt;, which is always leaving the replication fork, as well as a &lt;i&gt;leading strand&lt;/i&gt;, which continuously moves toward the fork. The lagging strand, however, is synthesized in an irregular fashion since the &lt;i&gt;DNA polymerase&lt;/i&gt;, which catalyzes the linking of DNA subunits, cannot be too far from the replication fork. As a result, small &lt;i&gt;Okazaki Fragments&lt;/i&gt; are created &amp; synthesized.

Replication occurs in the nucleus, always in a 5’ to 3’ direction. 

1)Helicase unwinds and unzips DNA. 

2)Primase then lays down a primer. 

3)DNA Polymerase I replaces RNA primers with DNA

4)DNA Polymerase III adds the nucleotides

5)Ligase joins together the Okazaki fragments, which form because the DNA Polymerase III cannot move too far away from the replication fork. ''Okazaki fragments are present on the lagging strand, where replication is discontinuous. Replication on the leading strand is continuous.''

A '''nucleosome''' is made up of DNA that is wrapped around eight histone proteins, where one of the histones stabilizes the structure.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
DNA
Transcription occurs in a 5'-3' direction in the nucleus. First the promotor reginon allows RNA polymerase to recognize the start point. Then Ribonucleoside Triphosphate supplies the energy that is used in transcription and will then become RNA nucleotides by losing a phosphat. Tracnsciption is done when it reaches the terminator region. In order for it to leave the nucleus it must be spliced(the removal of the non coding introns) transforming it from hnRNA to mature RNA.

==Photosynthesis/Respiration==
===Block 1B===
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, which is found in plant cells. The '''light-dependent''' reactions '''occur in the thylakoid membrane''', located in the chloroplast. Photons, which are packages of light from the sun, first go to '''photosystem II'''. The photo activation of photosystem II occurs due to the light activating it. The accessory pigments found in the photosystem absorb the light and give the energy to chlorophyll, which is another pigment that is also absorbing light. The chlorophyll then gets excited with the energy it received and loses two electrons. Chlorophyll wants to regain the two electrons it lost, so a water molecule splits into two hydrogen and one oxygen using a process called '''photolysis''', where light is used to split a water molecule. The chlorophyll then takes the two hydrogen in order to become more stable and replace the two electrons lost. Meanwhile, the two electrons lost go to the Primary Electron Acceptor, and then travel down the Electron Transport Chain. The electrons go through the Electron Transport chain in one direction, thus creating energy. The energy made is used to undergo '''photophosphorylation''' where ADP combines with Phosphate to make ATP. The ATP is then needed to help take the hydrogen out of the stroma and undergo '''chemiosmosis''' where ATP synthetase is a protein channel that allows the hydrogen to move through and out of the thylakoid membrane. The process creates more ATP. Back to the electron traveling through the Electron Transport Chain, the electrons then go to '''Photosystem I''', which is photo activated. In Photosystem I, there are accessory pigments absorbing energy and giving it to chlorophyll that then loses two electrons. The chlorophyll does not need replace the two electrons by using hydrogen from photolysis because more electrons are coming from the Electron Transport Chain. The two electrons go to the Primary electron Acceptor and then go to Ferrodoxin. Ferrodoxin, a protein, transfers the electrons to NADP that then undergoes reduction because it uses the electrons to combine with a Hydrogen and become NADPH. With light-dependent reactions, there is also cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation. '''Non-cyclic''' photophosphorylation is the normal light-dependent process that produces ATP and NADPH; however, cyclic phosphorylation is different and not normal. '''Cyclic''' photophosphorylation is a process where electrons go through the Primary Electron Acceptor, down the Electron Transport Chain, and into Photosystem I. The accessory pigments in Photosystem I absorb the energy and give it to chlorophyll. The chlorophyll then has energy and gets excited so that it loses two electrons. The two electrons then go to the Primary Electron Acceptor, and the process repeats itself. Cyclic photophosphorylation cannot go on continuously and produces only NADPH. '''Light-independent''' reactions take place after light-dependent reactions. Light-independent reactions '''occur in the stroma'''. '''RuBP carboxylase''' helps in combining carbon dioxide and '''RuBP''' in a process called '''carbon fixation'''. The process produces a 6 carbon intermediate. The 6 carbon intermediate then becomes two 3 '''GP''' carbon compounds. ATP and NADPH created from the light-dependent reaction are used to change the arrangement of atoms so that GP undergoes reduction and creates two 3 '''TP'''. The ATP and NADPH oxidize and become ADP and NADP, which can be used again in light-dependent reactions. Five of the six carbons in TP are used to recreate RuBP and the other carbon helps in producing a carbohydrate.

One may increase the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the temperature, sunlight, or CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the atmosphere

One may decrease the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the amount of wind on the plant.

'''CAM/C4'''

C4 and CAM plants both have an enzyme called PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate). This enzyme can fix CO2 at very low concentrations.

[[C4 patway:]]

CO2 + PEP (3C) yields oxaloacetate (4c)
Oxaloacetate is converted into malate (using NADPH)
Malate enters itno the bundle sheath cells and is decarboxylated into Pyruvate.
Pyruvate (3c) is converted into PEP (using ATP)
The CO2 goes into the Calcin Cycle (light independent cycle) just as it does in the normal c3 pathway.

[[CAM pathway]]

CAM plants only open their stomata at night.
They join co2 with PEP forming oxaloacetate and convert this into malate in the same method that c4 plants use.
However, they store the malate in a vacuole until daytime and decarboxylate in to gain the co2 needed for the Calvin Cycle.

'''CHEMIOSMOSIS'''

Chemiosmosis is the diffusion of ions across a membrane. More specifically, it relates to the generation of ATP by the movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane.
An Ion gradient has potential energy and can be used to power chemical reactions when the ions pass through a channel. Hydrogen ions (protons) will diffuse from an area of high proton concentration to an area of lower proton concentration.

ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria.

=== Block 3B ===

Xerophyte and Hydrophytes have several differences that enable them to survive in their given environment.
'''Xerophytes (arid plant)''': Thick cuticle to retain water,
Deep, branching roots,
Few stomata for gas and water exchange,
Greatly reduced leaves (they can have spines, be rolled, or hairy);
'''Hydrophytes (aquatic plant),'''
Thin/no cuticle,
Shallow, short roots,
Many stomata,
Large and finely divided leaves.

Cytochromes are used to transport the electrons down the electron transport chain.

Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain.
A neat way to remember this is: OIL RIG.

Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain are the main three steps in '''Cellular Respiration''', which mainly takes place in the mitochondria.

'''Photophosphoylation'''

A really long complicated word that really just means making energy with light.
&lt;u&gt;Noncyclic vs Cyclic Photophosphorylation&lt;/u&gt;
Noncyclic
#What normally occurs during photosynthesis.
#Produces a normal amount of ATP
#Can occur forever (theoretically)
#Produces NADPH

Cyclic
#Unnaturally occurs when there is not enough H20
#Produces abnormally high ATP
#Cannot go on forever
#Produces no NADPH

'''PII and PI'''

 Photosytem II
-An excited pigment loses two electrons when it is struck by a photon of sunlight
-Chlorophyl breaks open a water molecule to get the two missing electron, thus turning the water molecule into floating hydrogens and oxygens (called Photolysis)
-The first 2 electrons bounce down the ETC, fueled by ATP.

 Photosystem I
-The 2 electrons bounce off the ETC and into the next chlorophyll just as its pigment loses them to the photon again.
-These 2 electrons in turn aid ferrodoxin in turning NADP and H into NADPH

=== Block 4B ===

Chemiosmosis is the movement of hydrogen ions through the thylakoid membrane (where the photosystems I &amp;II are located).

Xerophytes:thick epidermis, sunken stomatas, dry habitats
 
Hydrophytes: stomata on surface, often floating or submerged, moist habitats

&lt;b&gt;Light Energy&lt;/b&gt;

Light emission is an important part of photosynthesis. Visible light is a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light travels in waves. A &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;wavelength&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is the distance from one wave peak to the next one. Light is also made up of packets of energy called &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;photons&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. A photon's energy is inversely proportional to its wavelength.

When a molecule absorbs on of these photons, one of its electrons become energized, shifting the electron from a lower-energy orbital to one of higher energy that is farther from the nucleus. The electron then either returns to its ground state or leaves the atom to be accepted by and electron acceptor molecule (the latter occurs in photosynthesis).

&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll&lt;/b&gt;

A leaf is made up of a green pigment called &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;chlorophyll&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which is also the main pigment of photosynthesis. It absorbs light mostly in the blue and red areas of the visible light spectrum, since most green light that hits the leaves is reflected, giving plant leaves a green appearance. There is more than one type of chlorophyll. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; initiates the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is an accessory pigment that absorbs and reflects light in a way that gives it a yellow-green appearance, while chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; has a more bright-green appearance. The spectrum of light that can provide energy for photosynthesis can be broadened with another accessory pigment called a &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;cartenoid&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which can be yellow or orange. Chlorophyll can be excited by light directly by photons or indirectly by energy it receives from these accessory pigments. The absorption of light is often monitored by graph. A pigment's &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;absorption spectrum&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is a graph of its absorption of light of different wavelengths. The &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;action spectrum&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shows the effectiveness of certain wavelengths of light. It can be obtained by measuring the rate of photosynthesis at each wavelength for leaf cells or tissues that have been exposed to light of one wavelength (monochromatic).
 
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, while respiration takes place in mitochondria. Plants and algae carry out photosynthesis. Respiration occurs in all eukaryotes.

Key Idea to Remember: Oxidation is loss and Reduction is Gain (OIL RIG) 

Cellular respiration has three metabolic stages. The first is Glycolysis cycle, is the splitting of sugar and occurs in the cytosol, the fluid between membranes. This process is anaerobic and is at substrate level phosphorylation. It begins with 6C Glucose and becomes 2 (3C) Pyruvate while gaining 2 ATP and 2 NADH, thus is it demonstrating oxidation. The gaining of 2 NADH is the reduction of a co-enzyme. The second stage is the Krebs Cycle occurs in the mitochondria. This stage begins with pyruvate (3C) and decarboxylates (loses CO2) to become 2C Acetyl CoA. Then 4C is added to form 6C intermediatie which decarboxylates into 5C which decarboxylates into 4C which begins the cycle again. There is a link reaction between the 4C oxaloacetate and the 3C pyruvate. This process is also oxidation as it gains NADH, 2 ATP and FADH2. One turn of the Krebs/Citric Cycle yields 2CO2, 3NADH, FADH2, and ATP. The third and final stage is the Electron Transport Chain which occurs in the inner mitochondria membrane and yields 32 ATP. It transports 2 hydrogens and 2 electrons from FADH2 or NADH to molecular oxygen forming water, which eventually makes ATP. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the ETC.

The rate of photosynthesis increase as the amount of light increase, until it reaches a certain point then it will stay constant not increasing or decreasing. It will also increase as the rate of Co2 concentration increases, but photosynthesis does not occur at very low Co2 concentrations and will eventually level out at very high concentrations. As the temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis will continue to increase until it reaches its optimum rate, then the rate of photosynthesis will rapidly decline.
ALL PLANTS need water and oxygen to survive

==Chemistry==
===Block 1B===
Water is an important part of the chemistry of all living things as well. Some of the main characteristics of water are as follows:
    POLAR- thus, it is the universal solvent
    COHESION- water molecules stick to themselves, helps provide surface tension
    ADHESION- water molecules stick to other surfaces which allows capillary action and movement against the pull of gravity
    TRANSPARENT- essential for underwater plants to receive the light they need for photosynthesis
    HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION- when water evaporates, as in sweat, it has a cooling effect because of the heat it draws from the body
    HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT- water stays warm for a long time after it is heated, but takes a long time to heat.
    This is essential for organisms living in water so that their environment does not change too quickly before they can adjust.

'''ELEMENTS'''

Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
The three most frequently occurring elements found in living systems are carbon = C, oxygen = O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and hydrogen = H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
Other important elements include nitrogen = N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, phosphorus = P, iron = Fe, calcium = Ca, potassium =K, and magnesium = Mg.

===Block 3B===
The three most common elements are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Hydrogen is the most abundant element on earth and carbon is found in all life.
&lt;big&gt;'''Examples of Organic Molecules:'''&lt;/big&gt; '''Lipids''' (they have twice the energy of Carbs.)-''Monomer''=Glycerol/Fatty Acids, ''Bond''= Ester, ''Uses''= cushioning/insulation/energy storage/structure, ''Examples''=Fats/Oils/Waxes
Carbohydrates' 'Monomer''Glucose or monosaccharide Uses break down of protein, storage of energy, energy ''Examples: Amylose, sucrose, ribose, glucose..any protein with -ose instead of -ase. Carbohydrates have -ose' 
Proteins contain carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and other organic elements. 
Their monomer is amino acid which is written as OHHNRCHCOHH, where R represents a functional group, specific to that protein. Uses include storage, protection, muscles. Are bonded by peptide bonds which form through a linkage of carbon and nitrogen with a byproduct of water.

'''Redox reactions'''

Oxidation: When a molecule LOSES an electron.
Reduction: When a molecule GAINS an election.

OIL RIG: Oxidation is Loss, reduction is Gain.

===Block 4B===
The three most common elements in organic chemistry are Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

&lt;u&gt;Other Important Elements&lt;/u&gt;

Nitrogen-Used in DNA, proteins, and enzymes.

Calcium-Helps build strong bones, &amp; used in sending nerve impulses.

Phosphorus-Used for ATP.

Iron-Transports oxygen.

Sodium-Keeps a balance of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;0. Also used for nerve impulses and muscle contractions.

ORGANIC MOLECULES
*Carbohydrates
 monomer-monosaccharide
 ex. glucose, galactose
*Proteins
 monomer-amino acid
 ex. enzymes, structural, hemoglobin
*Lipids
 monomer-fatty acids
 ex.fats, phospholipids, waxes,oils
*Nuclei Acids...phosphodiester bonds
 monomer-nucleotide(sugar, phosphate, base)
 ex.DNA,RNA

Fatty Acid:
CH3-CH2-C=O   (also branching off from the C on right is an OH by a single bond)

Polar bonds are the result of covalently bonded atoms that have unequal electronegativity. Non-polar bonds are the result of covalently bonded atoms that have equal electronegativity. Water is a polar molecule- one end of the molecule has a partial positive charge and the other end has a partial negative charge.

'''More Bonding'''

&lt;u&gt;Covalent bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Electrons are shared between atoms so that each atom has a filled valance shell.

Electronegativity measures the attraction of an atom to shared electrons in a bond.

&lt;u&gt;Ionic bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Form as a result of the attraction between a cation and an anion.

&lt;u&gt;Hydrogen bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Bonds between a partially-charged negative atom and an atom in a hydrogen bond with either oxygen or nitrogen. Can form between two molecules or two parts of one molecule.

Organic molecules:
Carbohydrates are used for energy and stored energy. There chemical makeup has a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen. Monomers include glucose and monosaccharides.
Proteins are connected by peptide bonds. They are used for structural movements, like muscles. They are also used for transport (hemoglobin), storage, protection, and regulation. Protein’s monomers are amino acids, of which there are twenty. 
Lipids are insoluble in water. Monomers include glycerol and fatty acids. Ester linkages bond lipids. Lipids are used for insulation, energy storage, cushioning, and have structural purposes (cell membranes). Examples include fats, oils, waxes, carotenoids, phospholipids, and steroids. 
Nucleic acids store information. RNA is used for transmission. DNA is responsible for expression of genetic information. Nucleic acids are linked by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleic acid monomers are nucleotides, which are composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.

==Evolution==
===Block 1B===
Lynn Margulis proposed the theory of Endosymbiosis, which provides a possible explanation for the formation of eukaryotic cells. It is believed that mitochondria and chloroplast, which are located in eukaryotic cells today, were once on their own like prokaryotic cells. There is evidence that the two organelles were prokaryotic because mitochondria and chloroplast contain circular DNA just like prokaryotic cells. Also, mitochondria and chloroplast have 70s ribosomes that is similar to the 70s ribosomes of prokaryotic cells. The theory provides the explanation that the prokaryotic cells took in the mitochondria and chloroplast and a symbiotic relationship formed. The prokaryotic cell provided shelter and protection, and the chloroplast made food and the mitochondria broke down the food in order to make energy that the cell could use. Thus, the creation of eukaryotic cells occurred.

'''MILLER AND UREY'''

They conducted an experiment which would change the approach of scientific investigation into the origin of life. Miller took molecules which were believed to represent the major components of the early Earth's atmosphere and put them into a closed system. The gases they used were methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water (H2O). Next, he ran a continuous electric current through the system, to simulate lightning storms believed to be common on the early earth. Two percent of the carbon had formed some of the amino acids which are used to make proteins. Perhaps most importantly, Miller's experiment showed that organic compounds such as amino acids, which are essential to cellular life, could be made easily under the conditions that scientists believed to be present on the early earth. This enormous finding inspired a multitude of further experiments.

'''Human Evolution'''

-Features that define humans as primates:

digits with nails

eyes in front of the head

five grasping digits with opposable thumb

long, slender limbs that rotate freely at the hips and shoulders

acute hearing

relatively large brain

long life-spans

-Evidence for bipedalism: 

curvature of spine provides better weight distribution

foramen magnum is centered in the base of the skull

increase in the length of legs in comparison to the arms

shorter, broader pelvis for attachment to leg muscles

alignment of the big toe with the rest of the toes


-Genus ''Australopithecus'': the immediate ancestors of the genus ''Homo''


'''Darwin-Wallace Theory of Natural Selection'''

Evolution is based on four observations about the natural world:

1. Overproduction: each species produces more offspring than will survive

2. Variation: individuals in a population exhibit variation

3. Limits on population growth: environmental factors limit growth, causing a struggle for existence

4. Differential reproductive success: those with the most favorable characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce

'''Modern Examples of Evolution'''

-In response to the widespread use of the Warfarin pesticide, some species of rat have become immune/resistant

-Penicillin resistant strains of bacteria due to the widespread use of the antibiotic

-Some mosquitoes resistant to DDT

-Evolution of Peppered Moth due to predation and changes in environment

'''Other Theories of How we got here'''

*Panspermia- The theory that a life form came from another planet, traveling on a comet or asteroid and landed on earth, leading to the evolution to humans

===Block 3B===

'''Miller and Urey’s experiments:''' 
What you need to know:
•Miller and Urey conduced experiments to test if life could have formed in the primordial soup
•They used&quot;

W-ater
H-ydrogen
A-mmonia
M-ethane

•They boiled the water and used electric shocks to simulate the various stages of heating and cooling and lightning that were likely present on early earth’s surface
•They produced organic molecules form this experiment, but no life. However, such a find sent a wave through the science community


Exogenesis (sick word), but more commonly known as panspermia, originates as far back as the Greek philosopher Anaxagoras (sweet name). The actual theory of panspermia speculates that life came to earth from another planet, perhaps being carried by a meteorite that crashed here. This theory solves the time gap that we currently have in our evolution chart, but it only moves the problem to another planet, so it really doesn't solve anything.
&lt;br&gt;

'''The Darwin-Wallace Theory of Evolution''' has four key points. The first is that individuals in a population exhibit '''variation'''. Next is '''overproduction''', the reproductive abilities of a species causes an increase (geometric) over time. Then, there are '''limits on population growth''' caused by things such as; food, water, light, growing space, and other resources. Lastly, the individuals that have the most favorable traits and adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce ('''differential reproductive success''').

'''Natural Selection'''

Natural Selection is the principle that nature tends to favor organisms with certain traits. These organisms therefore have a greater chance of survival in that environment than other organisms without the trait. This gives the organisms with the trait a significant advantage in the environment. Because it has a greater chance of survival, and organism with the trait is less likely to die young and has a greater chance of reproducing early and often to spread its genes. It then can pass on this beneficial trait, allowing the trait to proliferate throughout the species. In this way, natural selection favors organisms with certain traits, giving them a greater chance to survive and pass on these traits so that more of the population can survive using this favorable trait.

===Block 4B===

Modern examples of evolution include: peppered moth, DDT resistance in some mosquitoes, penicillin resistant strains of bacteria as a result of the widespread use of the antibiotic and a warfarin strains of rat in response to the widespread use of the pesticide.

Evolution is the change in a populations overall traits and usually refers to the genes passed on from generation to generation. Evolution is used to map out the growth of a population as well as the mutations that affect/ change it. Natural selection is one way of causing a population to evolve and natural selection means that heritable traits that are more helpful to survival are the ones most likely to be passed on from generation to generation

Evolution as a theory was first developed by Darwin and Wallace. Before that, there was the Lamarckian theory which stated that traits acquired during a lifetime would be passed on to the next generation. 

Some reasons why it is believed that Humans evolved from Primates:
-5 Digit Hands...Pentadactyl
-Grasping Ability
-Erectness
-Stereoscopic Vision

Recombination and assortment allow for variation (and mutations) in a population.

Miller and Urey simulated the conditions on pre-biotic Earth in order to test for chemical evolution. They sealed Water, Hydrogen, Ammonia, and Methane in a flask (WHAM) in order to model the conditions. Electrodes were used to simulate lightning.


Humans have evolved from mammal-like reptiles that existed over 200 million years ago. Early humans were classified under the genus ''Australopithecus''. The species include: ''afaransis'', ''africanus'', and ''robustus''. Next came the genus ''Homo''. Species include: ''habilis'', ''erectus'', ''neanderthalensis'' and ''sapiens''. Current humans are classified as ''Homo sapien sapiens''.

Okay Panspermia basically rules because it says life may have come from another planet. If you watch Star Trek there was an episode discussing this. It also linked several species such as Andorians, Klingons, Vulcans, Romulans, and most importantly humans to a common ancestor from another planet.

Other then Panspermia and evolution, another theory that is used to explain evolution is creationism. This describes how God created the Earth and everything that surrounds it. Another theory that describes evolution is the theory of intelligent design. This talks about some higher being created everything on Earth and is guiding them through their existence.

Endosymbiosis is the theory proposed by Lynn Margulis which suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. 

Okay basically endosymbiosis states that a prokaryotic cell consumed other prokaryotic cells, in this case mitochondria and chloroplasts. They grew to have a symbiotic relationship and eventually went on live together in peace. The reason this is believed to be true is because mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.

&lt;b&gt;Darwinism&lt;/b&gt; 

&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Adaptation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;: An evolutionary modification that increases the likelihood of survival and successful reproduction.

&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Natural Selection&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;: Organisms that are better adapted have a greater chance of being able to survive and bring forth the next generation.

&lt;u&gt;Charles Darwin&lt;/u&gt; - Darwin believed that the Earth was very old and its form had transformed over a period of time. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Artificial selection&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; supposedly could allow breeders to choose traits that they liked. Darwin used this process to explain a similar process that occurs in nature.

&lt;u&gt;Alfred Wallace&lt;/u&gt; – Sent Darwin a published paper of his ideas, which were quite similar to those of Darwin himself. Thus, the &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Darwin-Wallace Theory of Evolution&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; was born, this theory held that four key aspects of life lead to evolution: population variation, overproduction, limits on population growth, and differential reproductive success.

&lt;u&gt;Thomas Malthus&lt;/u&gt; - Wrote &lt;i&gt;An Essay on the Principle of Population as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society&lt;/i&gt;. In it, he stated that growth in a population is not always desirable. Populations can increase exponentially, while the population's food supply can only increase arithmetically. Because of this problem between food supply and population, famine, disease and war can occur, halting population growth.


Evidence for Evolution: 
- Geological Distribution of living organisms
- Fossilization- radioactive dating
- Biochemical evidence: the universality of DNA and protein structures
- Embryo evidence because all embryos look alike in the early stage of development
- Pentadactyl limb

==Classification/Ecology==
===Block 1B===
Classification is pretty much the single greatest thing since sliced bread. Maybe even before sliced bread. It allows organisms to be grouped together based on their similar characteristics. There are a lot of organisms, so this is important. This variety of organisms (and their ecosystems!) is known as biological diversity. The study of said diversity is systematics. Classifying and naming organisms is known as taxonomy. We use a binomial nomenclature when referring to organisms. The binomial nomenclature was designed by Carolus Linnaeus and consists of an organisms genus and species. Both words have Latin roots.

In case you were wondering, the system of classification is as follows:
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus 
species

A species is:
A potentially interbreeding population. Remember, the offspring must also be able to reproduce. 
A population is a group of the same species.
A community is a group of populations, cohabitating.
This habitat is known as the ecosystem.
A group of ecosystems makes up a biome (think temperate forest, or tundra!)
The entire world, and/or all the biomes and life and everything, makes up the biosphere. 

'''PLANTS'''

There are four major groups of plants:

Bryophytes

- Non vascular

- Dominant Gametophyte generation

- Seedless plants

- Small, require moist environment, reproduce by spores

- mosses, liverworst{{typo help inline|reason=similar to liverworts|date=September 2022}}

Filicinophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant Sporophyte generation

- Seedless plants

- Reproduced by Spores

- Ferns, Horsetails

Coniferophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant Sporophyte Generation

- Seed plants (naked seeds)

- reproduce by seeds

- Conifers, Cycads, Ginkgoes

Angiospermophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant sporophyte gen

- Seed plants (seeds encased in fruit)

- Reproduce by seeds

- Flowering plants, monocots, dicots

===Block 3B===

'''Classification System'''

A classification system is something that helps scientists to organize animals, plants, and other life into categories so that we can see similarities and differences.

Our modern classification system consists of:
# Kingdom
# Phylum
# Class
# Order
# Family
# Genus
# Species

'''Binomial Nomenclature'''

This is the specific system of naming in which scientists derive names of organisms with respect to their Genus and Species. For instance, humans are classified as Home (Genus) Sapiens (Species). This allows for a continuity and common ground for naming organisms throughout science, facilitating research and building a foundation for further study into biology.

Plants can be categorised into several different groups: 1. '''Bryophtyes'''- Non-vascular seedless plants that are small and require moist environments. Such examples are mosses and liverworts and their dominant generation is the gameophyte. 2. '''Tracheophtyes''' which are broken down further into --&gt; a.) '''Filicinophtyes'''- Vascular seedless plants that reproduce by spores. The dominant generation id the sporophtye and examples are ferns and horsetails. b.) '''Coniferophtyes'''- Vascular seed plants (naked seeds) that also reproduce by spores. Examples are conifer and ginkgo tree and the dominant generation is the sporophtye. c.)'''Angiospermophtyes'''- Vascular seed plants (encased in fruit) that reproduce by spores. The dominant generation is also sporophtye and examples are monocots and dicots.

'''Plants'''

&lt;u&gt;''Bryophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
-nonvascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dominant Gametophyte generation&lt;/br&gt;
-seedless&lt;/br&gt;
-small&lt;/br&gt;
-thrives in moist environments&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by spores&lt;/br&gt;
-E.x.: mosses (hornwarts etc)

&lt;u&gt;''Filicernophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dominant Spor. generation&lt;/br&gt;
-seedless&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by spores&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;u&gt;''Coniferophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dom. Spor. Gen.&lt;/br&gt;
-seeds (but naked seeds)&lt;/br&gt;
-E.x. COnfers (ginkoes, Cyands...)

&lt;u&gt;''Angiosperophytes''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/u&gt;-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dom. Spor. Gen.&lt;/br&gt;
-have seeds, in fruit&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by seeds&lt;/br&gt;
-e.x. Flowering plants (daffodils, roses, monocots, dicots)&lt;/br&gt;

===Block 4B===

Classification is how scientists group different organisms and their species. They can be determined through different methods.

This is how a regular classification system works:

Kingdom=&gt; Phylum=&gt; Class=&gt; Order=&gt; Family=&gt; Genus=&gt; Species

A way to remember this is
&lt;br&gt;Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools&lt;/br&gt;

FOR HUMANS: Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primate, Homindae, Home, Sapien, Cro-Magnon/ Sapien

Species-a particular kind of organism; members possess similar anatomic characteristics and have the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

There are four main groups of plants. Filicinophytes, Coniferophytes, and Angiospermophytes are grouped together under a larger set called Tracheophytes. Bryophytes and Filicinophytes reproduce by spores, while Coniferophytes and Angiospermophytes reproduce by seeds. The seeds in Angiospermophytes are encased in fruit, while Coniferophytes have naked seeds. Examples: Bryophytes- moss, liverworts, hornworts; Filicinophytes- ferns, club mosses, horsetails; Coniferophytes- conifers, cycads, ginkgoes; Angiospermophytes- flowering plants, monocots, dicots.

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Plants and the Cell&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

Plants show &lt;b&gt;Alteration of Generation&lt;/b&gt; in which they spend some of their lives in a haploid stage, and another part in a diploid stage. In the gametophye generation, the haploid stage leads to gametes through mitosis, while meiosis is used in the sporophyte generation, where the diploid state leads to haploid spores. Gametophytes produce a small gametangia called &lt;b&gt;antheridia&lt;/b&gt; (the female version is called &lt;b&gt;archegonia&lt;/b&gt;). The &lt;b&gt;zygote&lt;/b&gt; forms when an egg and sperm cell unite. The first stage in the sporophyte generation, the newly-formed diploid zygote, divides by mitosis and becomes a young, multicellular sporophyte plant. Once it matures, it gains special cells that divide using meiosis to form haploid cells known as &lt;b&gt;spores&lt;/b&gt;. These spores divide by mitosis, producing a multicellular gametophyte, thus restarting the cycle.

Seed Germination-
1. Imbibition- Seed absorbs water
2. Embryo releases Gibberellic Acid (GA)
3. GA triggers the alueron layer to release amylase
4. Amylase digests amylose into maltose
5. Maltose is used by embryo to grow

Every seed needs water and oxygen to grow. Other things that might be necessary include: Light, digestion by mammals or birds, bacterial digestion, and/or fire.

There are many different parts of a seed. The first one that people meet is the testa (seed coat), then there is the aleurone layer. Because the embryo has to go through these two layers that is why germination takes so long. Then in the seed is the cotyledon and the embryo. The embryo is made of the embryonic shoot and the embryonic root.

Binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. It involves names for the genus, then the species. The name for the genus is always capitalized, but the species name is lower case. Both names are italicised however. For example: ''Passer domesticus''

Biological Organization: Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere

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==Biotechnology==
===Block 1B===
'''PCR'''

PCR, or Polymerase Chain Reaction, was developed by ''Kari Mullis'' for the purpose of amplifying DNA obtained from crime scenes. In short, it's replication GONE CRAZY. In just a few hours, DNA can be replicated millions of times. In the procedure, DNA Polymerase uses nucleotides and primers to replicate a small sequence of DNA so that it is visible when comparing DNA obtained from a crime scene with samples. There are four steps to the process:

1.  Denaturation – breaks Hydrogren bonds, splits them with heat

2.  Anneal – adds primers, cools DNA

3.  Extension – DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides to the DNA sequence

4.  Repeat – in three hours, one can obtain ''three million'' copies of the DNA.

The DNA polymerase of ''Thermus aquaticus,'' a bacterium that lives in hot springs, is often used during PCR because the enzyme is able to survive the extremely hot temperatures needed to break hydrogen bonds in the DNA. One can replicate specific sequences of the DNA by utilizing specific primers in the replication process.


'''Gel Electrophoresis'''

Gel electrophoresis is a method of separating the strands of DNA based on their ''charge'' and ''size.'' Based on charge, DNA molecules have a negative charge. When placed on a magnetic field, the DNA strands move toward the positive pole. In addition, they can be separated based on size. Larger DNA molecules move much slower than small ones, so different sized DNA strands stop at different points along the magnetic field. Through this technique, the DNA leaves a distinctive pattern, and it can be compared to other samples to match DNA.

'''Restriction Enzymes'''

Restrictions enzymes, or ''molecular scissors,'' are used to cut DNA molecules in specific places. Bacteria produce restriction enzymes for the purpose of seeking out and destroying bacteriophage DNA. Researchers use these restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific points, called palindromes, into manageable segments. Later this DNA can be inserted into a vector molecule, which will take the plasmids (DNA segments) into the cell. Once inside the nucleus of the cell, this plasmid DNA is replicated and distributed to any daughter cells. Restriction enzymes cut the DNA in a staggered pattern, producing ''sticky ends'' to which other DNA molecules which have been cut with the same restriction enzyme can bind.

'''Recombinant DNA'''

When DNA is spliced into a vector, the newly-formed product is known as recombinant DNA. Genetic engineering enables individuals to change viruses so that they can more easily introduce DNA into cells of more complex organisms, creating more complex and advanced recombinant DNA.

'''Human Genome Project'''

The human genome project aims to find the location of all of these genes on the human chromosomes and the base sequence of all of the DNA that makes them up. The project is an international cooperative one, with laboratories in many countries involved. The sequencing of the entire human genome will make it easier to study how genes control human development. It will allow easier identification of genetic diseases and the production of new drugs bases on DNA base sequences of genes or the structure of proteins coded for by these genes. It is estimated that the project could contain anywhere from 30,000 to 40,000 different individual genes.

'''Cloning'''

Cloning produces an organism with and identical genotype as to its host/donor. A clone is a group of genetically identical organisms or a group genetically identical cells derived from a single parent. Two types of cloning exist: cloning by embryo splitting, an earlier procedure, and cloning by nuclear transfer, used to clone the sheep Dolly. To clone the sheep Dolly, udder cells were taken from a donor sheep and unfertilized egg cells were taken from another sheep. The nucleus was removed from each egg, which were then fused with the donor cells using electricity. The fused cells developed into embryos, which were then implanted into a surrogate mother. The mother gave birth to a sheep genetically identical to that of the donor cell organism.  Cloning by embryo splitting is an earlier method with differences in the method by which a clone is achieved. First, the actual egg cell of an animal is removed to be fertilized in a petri dish. In the dish, the zona pellucida is a chemical coating that promotes cell division. After the first division, this zona pellucida is removed by an enzyme and the two cells separate to become two individual cells. Within the petri dish, an artificial zona pellucida is added to the individual eggs and they continue development separately. This method is often used in cloning favorable livestock. Livestock are often selected for cloning based on favorable commercial qualities, including wool, meat, or milk productivity.

'''Use of Reverse Transcriptase in Biotechnology'''

In the biological world, reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used mostly by viruses to convert single-stranded RNA molecules into double-stranded DNA molecules. In terms of biotechnology, reverse transcriptase is utilized in reverse transcription PCR. In this way, by converting RNA to DNA before beginning the process of PCR, RNA can be examined in the same way that DNA can be through the process.

'''Bio Tech Ethics'''

There are many controversial issues concerning biotechnology.
Cons- 1. New chemicals can kill agriculture
      2. Some people have allergic reactions, sometimes fatal to biotech engineered food
      3. Cloning (hot political issue*) can be seen as trying to &quot;be God&quot;
      4. Cloning can cause some genetic problems

Pros- 1. With Biotech, we can feed the rapidly growing world population better
      2. Products can grow faster, bigger, and better
      3. Cloned animals such as cows can produce more milk to better the American market

===Block 3B===
'''PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction:'''
The polymerase chain reaction is used to amplify DNA in a small amount of time. There are four basic steps that outline this amplification. Denaturation: heat(extreme) is used to break hydrogen bonds and separate the strands of DNA; Anneal: Primers are then added to the separated strands during this step; Extension: Thermus aquaticus provides the enzyme DNA polymerase; Repeat: The process is then repeated multiple times. Each hour yields approximately one million copies. (five hours = about five million copies)

'''Restriction Enzymes'''

Restriction enzymes are DNA scissors. They cut both strands at specific bases in order to remove needed genes and open bacterial plasmids. 
By cutting at certain bases, they can create sticky ends, helpful in the creation of recombinant plasmids (i.e. insulin).

'''Gel Electrophoresis:'''

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA according to size and charge. Due to the phosphate groups that make up DNA, DNA has a negative charge. Therefore, DNA will migrate towards the positively charged pole. In addition, large molecules will move slower than the smaller molecules. 

'''Reverse Transcriptase'''

Reverse Transcriptase is used to create DNA from RNA. It is found in retroviruses. Biotechnology uses this to create DNA without the garbage introns from RNA.

'''The Human Genome Project'''
The Human Genome Project was started by United States scientists in 1990. Although originally planned to last for fifteen years because of the extensive amount of work that was planned to be done, it only took until 2003. The Human Genome Project successfully determined the sequences of over three billion base pairs in DNA and identified all of the genes in DNA. The ultimate goal of the Human Genome Project was to map out human DNA so that it would be easier to cure diseases and sickness.

'''Cloning'''

Dolly is the name of a sheep that was cloned by nuclear transfer. Another way of cloning is embryo-splitting.

'''Recombinant DNA'''
After a specific section of DNA is spliced off, it can be inserted into an organism via a vector. A vector is a means of transporting this DNA fragment, such as a gene gun or bacteriophage (which we steal to inject the recombinant DNA). This allows us to insert new genes into organisms, forming the basis for genetic engineering.

===Block 4B===

'''Restriction enzymes''' are “molecular scissors” used to cut DNA molecules in specific places. Restriction enzymes cut DNA in a staggered manner, which produces pieces with identical, complementary, single-stranded “sticky ends”. These “sticky ends” can pair up with single-stranded ends of other DNA molecules that have been cut with the same restriction enzyme.

'''PCR''' is also known as the Polymerase Chain Reaction. It was created/discovered in 1983 by Kary Mullis. The main purpose of PCR is to make many many many copies of DNA (1 to over 3 million in 3 hours!!). The first step is '''Denaturation''' which breaks the Hydrogen bonds and separates the strands of DNA using heat. Then there is '''Anneal''', which adds DNA Primers using DNA Poymerase. The final step is '''Extension''' where DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides(dNTPs).

'''Gel Electrophoresis''' is an example of DNA profiling that is used to separate strands of DNA based on charge and size. Smaller molecules move much faster than the larger molecules. When DNA has a negative charge, because of the phosphate groups, it will migrate towards a pole with a positive charge.

'''Recombinant DNA''' is formed when DNA is spliced into a vector, it is the DNA that has been created artificially. Engineered viruses are used to introduce DNA into the cells of more complex organisms.

'''The Human Genome Project''' was a project launched officially in 1990 at a cost of 3 billion US dollars with a coalition of countries such as the U.S., U.K., Germany, France, Japan, and China. The purpose of this project was to identify all of the 20000-25000 genes in the human DNA, determine sequences, store the information in the database, improve tools for analysis, among other goals. The sequence of the last chromosome was published in 2006; although, the genome itself was finished in 2000. With the completion of the project, scientists are closer to their goal of isolating genes that could cause certain diseases/ disorders.

'''Gene therapy''' is used to treat genetic diseases by altering the genotype. In theory, it would be possible to eliminate genetic diseases in the future by changing the base sequence of the allele that causes the disease. For example, if the disease-causing allele is recessive, one could insert the dominating allele that would prevent the disease into the cells that have been infected. Although this procedure could be done at several different stages during the human life cycle, the best cells to use are stem cells. They can divide repeatedly to replace lost body cells.

'''Gene mutation''' is any change to the base sequence of a gene. Although there are several types of gene mutations, the smallest possible change that can occur (when one base is replaced by another) is called a '''base substitution'''. One of the most notable examples of a gene mutation is non-disjunction in chromosome 21 (trisomy-21), otherwise known as Down syndrome.

'''Cloning'''
Cloning is a process by which a genetically identical copy is made of something. The most famous example to date is Dolly the Sheep. Dolly was the product of somatic cell nuclear transfer where 
1) the nucleus from a somatic cell is placed inside an egg cell, which has had its nucleus removed
2)An electrical shock initiates the egg that contains the somatic cell's nucleus to begin dividing
3)It will eventually form a blastocyst, which has almost identical DNA to the original organism.

Scientists have said that it is possible to clone humans, but the process is considered controversial. On the positive side cloning of embryos would allow scientist to screen for genetic diseases earlier. Then infertile couples would have a better chance if their embryos were cloned. On the negative side those groups who were genetically identical might suffer psychological problems. Also, if differentiated cells could cause a high risk of fetal abnormalities and a high rate of miscarriages. Then differentiated cells have already begun ageing and it might cause the humans clones to grow old quickly.

'''Reverse transcriptase''' is the molecule which allows a single strand of RNA to be made into a double strand of DNA.

==Cellular Biology==
===Block 1B===
'''Viruses/Reverse Transcriptase'''

''Viruses'' are non-cellular infections agents that must have a host cell to replicate. They are also considered non-living; however, this is debated, as the current definition for life may be contestable. Viruses are self-propagating, and they undergo some of the same biological processes that other classifed living organisms do. Viruses also contain nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) which is surrounded by a protein coat, or capsid. An argument against viruses being considered living organisms is that they rely on other cells to perform metabolic activities, with no independence. The most widely accepted theory for the origin of viruses is that they are bits of nucleic acid that have escaped from cells. ''Phages'' are viruses that invade bacteria.

''Reverse transcriptase,'' also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA. Normal transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA, hence reverse transcription is the reverse of this.

'''Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells'''

Eukaryotic cells feature ''membrane-bound organelles,'' compared to prokaryotic cells which do not. Prokaryotic cells feature both a ''cell wall'' and a cell membrane, while eukaryotic cells feature only the membrane. Prokaryotic cells are also typically ''smaller'' than eukaryotic cells and likely ''evolved first.'' Prokaryotic cells feature ''circular'' DNA which is naked, while eukaryotic cells contain ''linear'' DNA contained within a nucleus. Lastly, prokaryotic cells feature ''70s'' ribosomes, in contrast to ''80s'' ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells.

'''Plant/Animal Cells'''

Plant cells feature chloroplasts and mitochondria, while animals cells only contain mitochondria. Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose, whereas animal cells only have the cell membrane. Plant cells contain one large vacuole to store water, while animal cells have many smaller vacuoles for the storage of other substances. Lastly, animal cells have cilia and flagella to promote movement, while plant cells are stationary.  

'''Cellular Organelles:  Functions, Structure'''

''Nucleus'' - Contains DNA, regulates cell processes

''Nucleolus'' - Creates ribosomes

''Chloroplast'' - Site of photosynthesis

''Mitochondria'' - Make energy

''Endoplasmic Reticulum'' (rough or smooth) - Pathway for transport of materials throughout cell

''Ribosomes'' - Synthesize proteins

''Lysosome'' - Digests food, recycles organic material, suicice sac, contains digestive enzymes

''Golgi Apparatus'' - Packaging center for proteins

''Vacuole'' - Storage, disposal of waste

''Vesicles'' - Transfers proteins through cytosol

''Plasma Membrane'' - Selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of materials in and out of the cell

''Cell Wall'' - Maintains shape, water intake, and protection for the cell

''Cilia/Flagella'' - Provide movement

''Microtubule'' - Structure

''Centrioles'' - Assist in cell division

'''Plasma Membrane/Structure'''

Plasma membrances for cells are made of a phospholipid bilayer. Each phospholipid is made up of two fatty acid chains linked to a glycerol molecule.

'''Cell Cycle'''

''INTERPHASE''

GROWTH 1 (or G0) - 11 hours long (longest phase), rapid growth of organelles

SYNTHESIS - 7 hours, DNA replication

GROWTH 2 - 13 hours (I'm not sure why G1 is the longest phase, but that's what my diagram says), growth continues, final preparation for mitosis, spindles form


''MITOSIS'' - 1 hour (shortest phase), Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Cytokinesis then leads back to &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; ''INTERPHASE''

&lt;big&gt;'''Cells'''&lt;/big&gt;

Cells are the building blocks of all living things

===Block 3B===

'''Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells'''

Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have many differences, such as the following:
Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA/Eukaryotic cells have linear DNA
Prokaryotic cells have 70 Svedburg Ribosomes/Eukaryotic cells have 80 Svedburg Ribosomes
Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

'''Animal and Plant Cells'''

''Plant Cells''
•	Surrounded by both Plasma membrane and rigid cell wall
•	Contain mitochondria and chloroplasts
•	Rigidly held in place by cellulose wall
•	Has one single large vacuole that holds mostly water and offers structural support.
''Animal Cells''
•	Surrounded by plasma membrane only
•	Retains the ability to move (cilia/flagella)
•	Has many small vacuoles sporadically sprinkled throughout the cytoplasm

Cellular organelles:
• ''Nucleus'': Used to control protein synthesis and hold DNA. &quot;The brain.&quot; •''Nucleolus'': Used to make ribosomes • ''Chloroplast'':The site of photosynthesis in plants • ''Mitochondria'': Site of cellular respiration, which is the catabolic process that generates ATP by extracting energy from other sugars, fats, and other fuels with the aid of oxygen)&quot;The Powerhouse&quot; • ''Rough Endoplasmic Reticulm'': Holds the ribosomes which create proteins for export • ''Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum'': The site for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification • ''Ribosomes'': Manufacture Proteins • ''Lysosomes'': They digest unwanted material and waste in the cell •'' Golgi Apparatus'': The packaging center that receives and transports vesicles • ''Vacuole'': Stores material and for plants it provides structure • ''Vesicles'': Membrane bound transportation sacs • ''Plasma Membrane'': Selective and permeable barrier that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell

'''Endosymbiosis'''

Endosymbiosis is a theory that attempts to explain how cell organelles developed to form eukaryotes.Lynn Margulis is credited as the founder of this theory. Endosymbiosis states that early prokaryote cells engulfed other prokaryote cells, which formed a mutual symbiosis in which the outer cell provided protection, while the inner cells produced energy. This explains how mitochondria and chloroplasts developed as separate cells which later evolved into their present organelles. There are several &quot;proofs&quot; claimed for endosymbiosis. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have several characteristics of early prokaryotes
# Circular DNA
# 70S Ribosomes
# Undergo Mitosis on their own
# Separate membranes

===Block 4B===
Organisms can either be unicellular or multicellular. It is the unicellular organisms, however, that are needed to carry out life functions. The cells in multicellular organisms are unique in that they can they are able to perform specialized functions by expressing certain genes, but not others.

&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF3300;&quot;&gt;Robert Hooke&lt;/b&gt; first discovered cells. Anecdote to help remember said fact: While looking at the small entities, their compartmentalized appearance reminded him of tiny, connected rooms (also known as &quot;cells&quot; during this time). Hence he decided to name the entities &quot;cells&quot;.


Viruses need a host cell to replicate in. Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase to insert the virus DNA into the host DNA, making the virus unrecognizable from the host. One of the most notable retroviruses of today is HIV.


Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast and a plasma membrane but do not have centrioles. Plant cells also contain a central vacoule, for water storage.

Animal cells do not have a cell wall, chloroplast or plasma membrane but have centrioles. Animal cells also can have movement organelles, such as flagella. 

&lt;u&gt;Cell Size&lt;/u&gt;

A cell's rate of metabolism is equal to the ratio mass:volume. Likewise, the rate of material exchange is equal to a cell's surface area. It's vital that a cell has a high surface area to volume ratio. It can only do this by remaining small, because it's surface area increases much more slowly than its volume. If a cell becomes to large, it will lose its ability to maintain levels of homeostasis. &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;Microvilli&lt;/b&gt; can help to increase a cell's surface area without changing its size.
The type of microscope used to view a cell can significantly change the viewers image of the cell. A &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;light microscope&lt;/b&gt; is used to view living organisms, uses color images, has a large field of view, has a low resolution with a magnification of 1000x, and is relatively inexpensive, and portable, as well. An &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;electron microscope&lt;/b&gt;, on the other hand is used to view dead organisms, uses monochrome images, has a small field of view, has a high resolution with a magnification of 250,000x, is rather expensive, and cannot be moved.

&lt;u&gt;Components of the Prokaryotic Cell&lt;/u&gt;

'''Cell Wall'''-Provides protection &amp; support; made of peptidoglycan.

'''Plasma Membrane'''-Allows for the regulation of intra/extra material in the cells.

'''Mesosome'''-Located in the infolding of the plasma membrane. DNA replication occurs here.

'''Cytoplasm'''-Intercellular fluid that suspends organelles.

'''Ribosomes'''-Involved with protein manufacturing.

'''Nucleoid region'''-&quot;Naked&quot; DNA is located here.

&lt;u&gt;Components of Eukaryotic cells&lt;/u&gt;

'''Cytoplasm'''-watery material that contains materials involved in cell metabolism

'''Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)'''- pathway for the transportation of materials throughout the cell; associated with synthesis and storage

'''Nucleus'''-control center for cell metabolism and reproduction

'''Ribosome'''-site of protein synthesis

'''Lysosomes'''- digestion of food within the cells

'''Mitochondria'''- &quot;powerhouse&quot; of the cell; site of cellular respiration. It has two membranes (inner, outer). All eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.

'''Golgi bodies'''- packages and secrets products of the cell

'''Centrioles'''- cell division in animals

'''Vacuoles'''- Fluid filled organelles sheltered by the membrane, holds stored food and waste

'''Nucleolus'''- site of the production of ribosomes

'''Nuclear membrane'''- controls movement in and out of nucleus

'''Cell wall'''- gives shape and provide production in plants

'''Cilia'''- hairlike structure that helps the cell move. Composed in a 9x2 arrangement of microtubules.

'''Flagellum'''- long, hairlike tail used for movement. Composed in a 9x2 arrangement of microtubules.

'''Chloroplast'''- site of photosynthesis

'''Cell plate'''- new cell wall that begins to form during cytokinesis

'''Chlorophyll'''-traps light and used to reproduce in plants

'''microtubles'''-microscopic cylinders that give cell shape. They are larger than the thin '''microfilaments'''

'''microtubules'''-transport chromosomes during cell division, as well as organelles and vesicles throughout the cell.

'''chloroplast'''-site of photosynthesis. It contains the pigment chlorophyll. The chloroplast has three membranes (inner, outer, thylakoid). Plants, algae, and some other protists carryout photosynthesis with the chloroplast.

There are numerous enzymes that are actually imbedded in membranes. The following membranes are a part of the &lt;b style=&quot;color:#FF0000;&quot;&gt;endomembrane system&lt;/b&gt;: ER, nucleus, Golgo complex, lysosome, vacuoles, and plasma membrane. Eukaryotic cells have a cytoskeleton that provides shape and allows for locomotion. 

Prokaryotic cells: circular DNA, mesosome, lack membrane bound organelles, 70S ribosomes, smaller

Eukaryotic cells: linear DNA, no mesosome, contain membrane-bound organelles, 80S ribosomes, larger

'''Cell Cycle'''
I: Interphase- longest phase
G: Growth (transcription and translation occur)
S: synthesis of DNA (replication occurs)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

==Cell Division==

===Block 1B===
'''Mitosis:  Purpose?  Stages?'''

''Purpose'' - growth and repair; allows for direct replication of a cell

''Stages'' - Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase1

'''Meiosis:  Purpose?  Stages?'''

''Purpose'' - reproduction; allows for the formation of haploid gamete cells

-Germ cells of Eukaryotes produce gametes

-2 Divisions ending in 4 cells that are different from each other and parents

''Stages''

INTERPHASE

-chromosomes replicated in the S-phase

PROPHASE I

-nucleus and nuclear membrane break down

-centrioles move towards opposite poles

-tetrads formed

METAPHASE I

-homologous pair line up along equator

ANAPHASE I

-homologues separate and move to opposite poles


TELOPHASE I

-chromosomes at opposite poles

-new cell membranes form through cytokeneisis

PROPHASE II

METAPHASE II

ANAPHASE II

TELOPHASE II

When homologous chromosomes meet at the equator to form a tetrad, ''crossing over'' can sometimes occur among sister chromatids. In crossing over, the genes switch chromosomes at the ''chiasma'' and travel with their new chromosomes through the remained of the process of meiosis. The term ''tetrad'' refers to the structure formed when these two homologous chromosomes come together. ''Independent Assortment'' refers to the quality that chromosomes will sort into different cells during meiosis independent of one another. Both ''crossing over'' and ''independent assortment'' increase genetic variation in reproduction of a species, allowing for evolution. Species which reproduce by mitosis have less genetic variation, which can only be achieved through mutations.

'''''MICROTUBULES'''''

Microtubules are one of the components of the cytoskeleton. Microtubules serve as structural components within cells and are involved in many cellular processes including mitosis, cytokinesis, and vesicular transport.

'''''CENTRIOLES'''''

A centriole in biology is a barrel shaped microtubule structure found in most animal cells and algae though not often in plants. It constitutes the compound structure known to cell biologists as the centrosome. Centrioles are very important in the cell division process. They organize the pericentriolar material (PCM) which plays a role in organizing the mitotic spindle, which in turn helps the cells to divide. The mitotic spindle functions in the chromosomes. 
During cell division the centrioles are duplicated, so that there will be a pair for each daughter cell.

===Block 3B===

'''Mitosis'''
The purpose of mitosis is to make two identical cells by chromosome duplication.
Stages are the following:
-Interphase
-Prophase
-Prometaphase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
-Cytokinesis

'''Meiosis''': The purpose is to create four haploid germ cells (such as sperm/eggs). This process ensures genetic variation in offspring. The daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell, unlike in mitosis. Meiosis can be broken down into roughly nine steps: Prophase I-Metaphase I- Anaphase I - Telophase I- Prophase II - Metaphase II - Anaphase II- Telophase II- Cytokinesis


'''Microtubules'''
Microtubules are hollow filament structures in eukaryotic cells that help chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell (especially in anaphase of mitosis). They also aid in the structure and support of a cell.

'''Variation'''
There are several ways that Meiosis produces variation in organisms.
# Crossing Over - When a tetrad forms, the tips of the homologous chromosomes can switch, allowing for random variation during Prophase I.
# Mutations - Random freak genetic accidents can mutate genes.
## Insertion - DNA put in
## Deletion - DNA taken out
## Inversion - DNA reversed
## Translocation - DNA cut out somewhere and stuck back in somewhere else
# Independent Assortment - Chromosomes line up independently during meiosis, creating a near infinite amount of combinations.

===Block 4B===
Mitosis
Mitosis is asexual reproduction. It creates two new, identical nuclei.
Stages: 
        Prophase-the chromosomes condense and become visible.
        Metaphase-chromosomes line up at the meta pkate and the spindle fibers attach
        to the centromeres
        Anaphase:Spindle fibers shorten, chromotids separate.
        Telophase-cytokinesis! two new identical cells.

&lt;b&gt;Cell Cycle&lt;/b&gt;

The cell cycle begins in the first gap phase, also known as the &lt;b&gt;G1 phase&lt;/b&gt;. This phase of growth is the longest phase of the cell cycle. Near the end of this phase, the enzymes that allow the cycle to move into its second phase become increasingly active. Some cells do not divide, and are stuck in this phase of the cell cycle, which, in that case, would be G0. The next phase, the &lt;b&gt;S phase&lt;/b&gt;, DNA is synthesized, along with some chromosomal proteins. This is also the stage in which the complex process of chromosome replication takes place. Upon the completion of the S phase, the cell enters it's second gap phase, the &lt;b&gt;G2 phase&lt;/b&gt;. As the cell prepares for division, more proteins are synthesized. This phase is relatively short compared to the previous two phases. The final stage of the cell cycle, mitosis, occurs next. Although it is the shortest phase of the cell cycle, this is the part in which the most action takes place. Near the conclusion of mitosis, the cytoplasm divides to form two cells in a process called &lt;b&gt;cytokinesis&lt;/b&gt;. Cytokinesis overlaps into the G1 phase, which starts the cycle over again.

Mitosis is the process in which a cell duplicates its chromosomes to generate two, identical cells. It is associated with growth and asexual reproduction. Stages: Interphase (uncondensed chromosomes), Prophase (chromosomes condense), Metaphase (chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate), Anaphase (chromatids separate), Telophase (2 new identical cells).

Crossing over allows for genetic variation in gametes. It occurs on non-sister chromatids. The chiasma is the site of crossing over.

Tetrads form only during Meiosis and consists of 2 homologous chromosomes.

Chromosome= DNA+Protein

Variation occurs during meiosis because of two things. The first being because of crossing over. Crossing over provides a new arrangement of genetic information, which then increases the chance for variation. The other method that variation occurs is because of the law of independent assortment. In the law of independent assortment alleles of different loci are randomly distributed into gametes.

==Genetics==
===Block 1B===
'''GENETIC TERMS'''

- Homozygous: Having two identical alleles of a gene 

- Locus: The particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene

- Co-dominant Alleles: Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote.

- Test Cross: Testing a suspected heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive.

- Carrier: An individual that has a recessive allele of a gene that does not have an effect on their phenotype.

- Phenotype: The observable physical of biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic make up.

- Heterozygous: Having two different alleles of a gene.

- Dominant Allele: An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is present in the homozygous or heterozygous state.

- Recessive Allele: An allele that only has an effort on the phenotype when present in the homozygous state.

- Genotype: The combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait.


Linked Genes are located on the same chromosome and are inherited together. They do not assort independently. Linked genes will only form recombinants if crossing over has occurred

Genetic Recombination: production of offspring with different traits than the parents

Recombination Frequency: (# recombinants)/(total # offspring) x 100%

Mutation- a change, different from the parents', that occurs on a chromosome that marks for a specific trait

===Block 3B===
'''Genetic terminology:'''
“Allele”- one of two expressions of a gene that occupies a single locus on a chromosome.

“Dominant” – a gene that, once inherited, results in the occurrence of a specific phenotype (ex. Having the dominant gene for a widow’s peak means you have a widow’s peak on your forehead)

“Recessive”- a gene that results in the absence of the stated phenotype (ex. Being recessive for the widow’s peak means you DO NOT have one),

“Homozygous”- describes a gene with two identical alleles, either dominant of recessive (ex. HH or hh)

“Heterozygous”-describes a gene containing one dominant allele and one recessive allele (ex. Hh)

“Polyploid”- refers to the possession of more than one set of chromosomes. [Polyploid organisms, especially plants, are larger than normal and have larger cells. Affected animals are often abnormal in appearance and usually infertile.]

'''Polygenic Inheritance'''

Polygenic inheritance refers to traits that are determined by more than one gene. For instance, skin color, hair color, or eye color. There isn't just black or blonde hair, but varying shades of each due to polygenic inheritance.

'''Sex-linked Traits'''
A sex-linked trait is due to a gene found only on the X chromosome, otherwise known as the sex chromosome. One example is colorblindness, which males are more likely to get because they have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. If the allele for colorblindness is on the X chromosome, it will be expressed regardless of whether it is on the Y chromosome or not. For the colorblindness trait to be expressed in females, who have two X chromosomes, the allele for the trait must be present in both X chromosomes.
'''Karyotype'''
A karyotype is a picture of an individual's chromosomes. Karyotypes are used to identify certain genetic disorders. For example, if the karyotype reveals trisomy on chromosome 21 then the person has Down syndrome.

'''Linkage Group''': Genes in a particular chromosome that tend to be inherited together. A one to one ration should be obtained if the genes are linked. They will from recombinants solely in the event that crossing over has occurred. In order to calculate the frequency one can use the formula: % Recombinants/total offspring x 100%= recombination (in percent, centimorgans, or map units)

===Block 4B===

'''Genotype''' – alleles on a homologous chromosome that show the characteristics of the trait that the homologous chromosome codes for

'''Phenotype''' – The observable physical characteristics determined by genes

'''Locus''' – The position of a gene on a chromosome

'''Homozygous''' – two identical alleles of a gene [gene with two identical alleles, either dominant of recessive (ex. HH or hh)]

'''Heterozygous'''- two different alleles of a gene [one dominant allele and one recessive allele (ex. Hh0]

'''Dominant Allele'''- an allele that is dominant in regards to the phenotype whether it is part of a homozygous or heterozygous combination 

'''Recessive Allele'''- An allele that does not show if a dominant allele is present, but shows when an organism has a trait that is homozygous recessive 

'''Test Cross'''-Testing for a heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive organism

'''Genetic Recombination'''-offspring that has different genotypes from its parents

'''Carrier'''- An organism that has a recessive allele of a gene that does not effect it, but that it may pass down to its offspring

'''Co-dominant Alleles'''-Pairs of alleles that equally affect the phenotype even though they are heterozygote

'''Linked genes''' -genes that are located on the same chromosome.

'''Karyotype''' - the chromosome composition of an individual and a photomicrograph showing the 
composition (generally numbered in order of size)

P Generation: Parent generation
F1 Generation: The offspring of the parent generation
F2 Generation: The offspring of the F1 generation

Multiple alleles-three or more alleles of a single locus. ex. blood types

The phenotypic ratio of a ''monohybrid cross'' is 3:1. The phenotypic ratio for a ''dihybrid cross'' is 9:3:3:1.

Sometimes when traits are crossed people end up getting traits that are known as '''hybrid vigor'''. This is when superiority arises from the heterozygote as oppose to homozygous genotypes. Some examples of hybrid vigors are mules, and Sickle cell when it is a heterozygote because the people can not get malaria, but they can still carry oxygen.

Polygenetic inheritance is when multiple independent pairs of genes have similar and additive effects on the same trait 
- Coded for by more than one gene
- Appear in a normal distribution curve
Examples: Skin, eye, hair colors

'''Mutation''' – a change on the chromosome or in the gene that gives the offspring different DNA/ traits from the parents.

'''Polyploid''' organisms have more than two copies of each chromosome.

'''Polygenetic inheritance''' is when multiple independent pairs of genes have similar and additive effects on the same trait 
- Coded for by more than one gene
- Appear in a normal distribution curve
Examples: Skin, eye, hair colors

'''Diploid''': having the full set of chromosomes (2n or 46 chromosomes)
'''Haploid''': gametes (egg and sperm) only half the number of chromosomes (n)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Mathematics and Genetics&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;u&gt;Probability&lt;/u&gt; – The fraction, percentage, or ratio that is used to describe the chance of an event occurring. In genetics, probabilities predict phenotypes and genotypes that come from genetic crosses. 

&lt;u&gt;Product Rule&lt;/u&gt; – The probability that two or more independent events will occur together is found using the product of the individual probabilities of each event. If the probability of a cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant producing a short pea plant is 25%, what is the probability of three short plants being produced in a row? The answer can be found using the product rule: 0.25×0.25x0.25=0.015625 or 1/64. So there is a 1 in 64 chance that three short plants will be produced in a row.

&lt;u&gt;Hardy–Weinberg principle&lt;/u&gt; – Named after English mathematician Godfrey Hardy and German physician William Weinberg, this principle shows the expected frequencies of different genotypes in a population. Though this rule represents an ideal population in which there is &lt;b&gt;random mating, no mutation, a large population size, no migration&lt;/b&gt; (emigration of immigration) and &lt;b&gt;no natural selection&lt;/b&gt;, it helps us understand that in large populations, the process of inheritance does not cause changes in allele frequencies alone. There are two equations used in Hardy-Weinberg: &lt;b&gt;p&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; + 2pq + q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 1&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;p + q = 1&lt;/b&gt;, where p&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; is the dominant genotype frequency (AA), 2pq is the heterozygous genotype frequency (Aa) and q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; is the recessive genotype frequency (aa). Therefore, p represents the dominant allele (A) while q represents the recessive allele (a).

==DNA==
===Block 1B===
'''Structure'''
DNA's structure is quite complicated.
'''STRUCTURE'''

The structure of DNA is illustrate by handed double helix, with about 10 nucleotide pairs per helical turn. Each spiral strand, composed of a sugar phosphate backbone and attached bases, is connected to a complementary strand by hydrogen bonding (non- covalent) between paired bases, adenine (A) with thymine (T) and guanine (G) with cytosine (C).

Adenine and thymine are connected by two hydrogen bonds (non-covalent) while guanine and cytosine are connected by three.

This structure was first described by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953.

'''Transcription'''

-Occurs in the nucleus

-Occurs in a 5'-3' direction

-RNA Polymerase recognizes the start point at the promoter region. Ribonucleoside triphosphate supply the energy for transcription and become RNA nucleotides by losing a phosphate. Transcription ends at the terminator region. RNA undergoes splicing to remove introns before it leaves the nucleus. Before splicing mRNA = hn RNA. After splicing mRNA = mature m RNA

'''Translation'''

-Occurs in the cytoplasm/ribosomes

-Occurs in a 5' - 3' direction

-tRNA activating enzyme binds a specific amino acid to tRNA using ATP energy. At the 3' end of every tRNA are the three nitrogenous bases: CCA. Translation consists of initiation, elongation, and termination. The start codon is always AUG.

'''DNA = Deoxyribonucleuic Acid'''
DNA is the blueprint for who we are and for who we have become

===Block 3B===
DNA is shaped as a double helix. One strand of DNA contains a sugar and phosphate backbone and a base. The subunits of DNA are Nucleotides. The bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Adenine and guanine are purines. Thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines. Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine.
Most of DNA is repetitive sequences that don't code for anything, only a small portion is coding. The nucleotides are held together by '''phosphodiester''' bonds which links the sugar and the '''phosphate'''. DNA strands also run anti-parallel. Basically, this means that on any give strand, one end of the phosphate is attached to a 5' carbon and the other to a 3' carbon. When two DNA strands join the 5' carbon attaches itself to the 3' carbon end.

'''Structure'''

'''Chromosome Composition'''
Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein. The DNA is coiled around the proteins (histones) and then folded over itself. Histones make up a nucleosome, which is a complete coil of DNA around the histone core (eight histones) held together by one histone stabilizing protein.

'''DNA Replication'''
DNA replication is semi-conservative. This means that each new DNA molecule has half of the original. In order to begin replication, DNA is unwound (unzipped) by DNA helicase. Helix-destabilizing proteins keep the helix in the unzipped position until the complimentary bases are added. DNA Polymerase III catalyzes the linking together of nucleotide subunits in a 5' to 3' direction as always. The energy and nucleotides are provided by Deoxynucleoside Triphosphate. When replication is about to begin, RNA primase lays down RNA primers which are replaced by DNA by DNA Polymerase I before replication is complete.  Replication is initiated at many points and is discontinuous in one strand and continuous in the other. The lagging strand moves away from the replication fork and is synthesized in fragments because DNA polymerase cannot move too far from the replication fork and the leading strand goes toward it. The fragments on the lagging strand are known as Okazaki fragments and the fragments are joined together by DNA ligase.

quiz yourself! can you label every number in the picture below?

'''Polysomes and Nucleosomes'''
A polysome is a bunch of ribosomes bounded together by mRNA.
A nucleosome is made up of eight histones with DNA wrapped around it and a stabilizing histone on top.
Nucleosomes package DNA into chromosomes.

'''Transcription:'''
	In a general sense, transcription is the process of copying the specific needed recipe from the huge cookbook, slimming off all the excess and sending out to be made.
	*happens within the nucleolous and cytoplasm
	*always occurs in 5’-3’ direction
How its done:
1.RNA polymerase finds the specific base-coded unit called the “promoter” it's a start sign written in A’s T’s G’s and C’s.
2. The RNA polymerase then lays down the needed coinciding base units on the anti-sense strand.
3.this strand of RNA is known now as hnRNA, it still has introns.
4.In the open are of the nuclear membrane, the strand is “spliced” all of the intron garbage is removed, and it is now called mature DNA. 3 bases of said strand is called one codon, or one amino acid.

'''Translation:'''

Translation is the actual cooking of the recipe. It is the process of ribosomes reading the specific amino acids and sending the instructions out into the cell. This whole awesome process goes down in the cytoplasm.
 Remember: INITIATION, ELONGATION, TERMINATION.

 How it all goes down:
•	The start codon, AUG meets 
•	between the two parts of the ribosome : The large and small sub units. The anit codon (UAC) connects with the codon at the Peptide station on the large s.u. 
•	The enzyme peptydil transferase then moves this connected unit from the P to the A area, thus sending the chain down the line.
•	 This process continues until all the little jellyfish are made.

===Block 4B===
The structure of DNA, its double helix shape, was discovered by Watson and Crick.  DNA is a '''nucleic acid''' (polymer) made from '''nucleotides''' (the monomers of nucleic acids). Each nucleotide is made made of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base.  The base is bonded to the sugar which is bonded to phosphates. The sugars and phoshpates bond together ('''phosphodiester bond''') in an alternating pattern the forms the backbone of DNA. The nucleotides of DNA contain 4 bases, the '''purines''' encompassing Adenine and Guanine and the '''pyrimidines''' which include Cytocene and Thymine. These nucleotides combine to form a strand of DNA.  DNA is a double stranded molecule. The strands are linked by hydrogen bonds between the bases. Adenine bonds with Thymine and is held by two hydrogen bonds, and Cytocene bonds with Guanine and is held together by three hydrogen bonds. It is this difference in bond number and thus strength that accounts for the helicle shape. Due to the phosphates in the DNA strand a DNA molecule of DNA has a slightly negative charge.

Chromosome composition includes DNA (genes) and a protein.

*DNA Synthesis begins at specific based sequences termed the ORIGINS OF REPLICATION (there are many)...The replication fork occurs at both ends so DNA replication proceeds in both directions.

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;DNA Replication&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

There are three types of replication:

1. Semi-conservative replication - The new DNA molecules have half the genetic material as the original.

2. Conservative replication - The new molecules have all the genetic material of original. 

3. Dispersive replication - Each molecule contains a mixture of genetic material in various regions on each strand.

 
Replication of DNA begins at certain sites on the DNA molecule known as &lt;i&gt;origins of replication&lt;/i&gt;. The Y-shaped structure at which both DNA strands are replicated simultaneously is known as the replication fork. There is a &lt;i&gt;lagging strand&lt;/i&gt;, which is always leaving the replication fork, as well as a &lt;i&gt;leading strand&lt;/i&gt;, which continuously moves toward the fork. The lagging strand, however, is synthesized in an irregular fashion since the &lt;i&gt;DNA polymerase&lt;/i&gt;, which catalyzes the linking of DNA subunits, cannot be too far from the replication fork. As a result, small &lt;i&gt;Okazaki Fragments&lt;/i&gt; are created &amp; synthesized.

Replication occurs in the nucleus, always in a 5’ to 3’ direction. 

1)Helicase unwinds and unzips DNA. 

2)Primase then lays down a primer. 

3)DNA Polymerase I replaces RNA primers with DNA

4)DNA Polymerase III adds the nucleotides

5)Ligase joins together the Okazaki fragments, which form because the DNA Polymerase III cannot move too far away from the replication fork. ''Okazaki fragments are present on the lagging strand, where replication is discontinuous. Replication on the leading strand is continuous.''

A '''nucleosome''' is made up of DNA that is wrapped around eight histone proteins, where one of the histones stabilizes the structure.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
DNA
Transcription occurs in a 5'-3' direction in the nucleus. First the promotor reginon allows RNA polymerase to recognize the start point. Then Ribonucleoside Triphosphate supplies the energy that is used in transcription and will then become RNA nucleotides by losing a phosphat. Transcription is done when it reaches the terminator region. In order for it to leave the nucleus it must be spliced(the removal of the non coding introns) transforming it from hnRNA to mature RNA.

==Photosynthesis/Respiration==
===Block 1B===
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, which is found in plant cells. The '''light-dependent''' reactions '''occur in the thylakoid membrane''', located in the chloroplast. Photons, which are packages of light from the sun, first go to '''photosystem II'''. The photo activation of photosystem II occurs due to the light activating it. The accessory pigments found in the photosystem absorb the light and give the energy to chlorophyll, which is another pigment that is also absorbing light. The chlorophyll then gets excited with the energy it received and loses two electrons. Chlorophyll wants to regain the two electrons it lost, so a water molecule splits into two hydrogen and one oxygen using a process called '''photolysis''', where light is used to split a water molecule. The chlorophyll then takes the two hydrogen in order to become more stable and replace the two electrons lost. Meanwhile, the two electrons lost go to the Primary Electron Acceptor, and then travel down the Electron Transport Chain. The electrons go through the Electron Transport chain in one direction, thus creating energy. The energy made is used to undergo '''photophosphorylation''' where ADP combines with Phosphate to make ATP. The ATP is then needed to help take the hydrogen out of the stroma and undergo '''chemiosmosis''' where ATP synthetase is a protein channel that allows the hydrogen to move through and out of the thylakoid membrane. The process creates more ATP. Back to the electron traveling through the Electron Transport Chain, the electrons then go to '''Photosystem I''', which is photo activated. In Photosystem I, there are accessory pigments absorbing energy and giving it to chlorophyll that then loses two electrons. The chlorophyll does not need replace the two electrons by using hydrogen from photolysis because more electrons are coming from the Electron Transport Chain. The two electrons go to the Primary electron Acceptor and then go to Ferrodoxin. Ferrodoxin, a protein, transfers the electrons to NADP that then undergoes reduction because it uses the electrons to combine with a Hydrogen and become NADPH. With light-dependent reactions, there is also cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation. '''Non-cyclic''' photophosphorylation is the normal light-dependent process that produces ATP and NADPH; however, cyclic phosphorylation is different and not normal. '''Cyclic''' photophosphorylation is a process where electrons go through the Primary Electron Acceptor, down the Electron Transport Chain, and into Photosystem I. The accessory pigments in Photosystem I absorb the energy and give it to chlorophyll. The chlorophyll then has energy and gets excited so that it loses two electrons. The two electrons then go to the Primary Electron Acceptor, and the process repeats itself. Cyclic photophosphorylation cannot go on continuously and produces only NADPH. '''Light-independent''' reactions take place after light-dependent reactions. Light-independent reactions '''occur in the stroma'''. '''RuBP carboxylase''' helps in combining carbon dioxide and '''RuBP''' in a process called '''carbon fixation'''. The process produces a 6 carbon intermediate. The 6 carbon intermediate then becomes two 3 '''GP''' carbon compounds. ATP and NADPH created from the light-dependent reaction are used to change the arrangement of atoms so that GP undergoes reduction and creates two 3 '''TP'''. The ATP and NADPH oxidize and become ADP and NADP, which can be used again in light-dependent reactions. Five of the six carbons in TP are used to recreate RuBP and the other carbon helps in producing a carbohydrate.

One may increase the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the temperature, sunlight, or CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the atmosphere

One may decrease the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the amount of wind on the plant.

'''CAM/C4'''

C4 and CAM plants both have an enzyme called PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate). This enzyme can fix CO2 at very low concentrations.

[[C4 patway:]]

CO2 + PEP (3C) yields oxaloacetate (4c)
Oxaloacetate is converted into malate (using NADPH)
Malate enters itno the bundle sheath cells and is decarboxylated into Pyruvate.
Pyruvate (3c) is converted into PEP (using ATP)
The CO2 goes into the Calcin Cycle (light independent cycle) just as it does in the normal c3 pathway.

[[CAM pathway]]

CAM plants only open their stomata at night.
They join co2 with PEP forming oxaloacetate and convert this into malate in the same method that c4 plants use.
However, they store the malate in a vacuole until daytime and decarboxylate in to gain the co2 needed for the Calvin Cycle.

'''CHEMIOSMOSIS'''

Chemiosmosis is the diffusion of ions across a membrane. More specifically, it relates to the generation of ATP by the movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane.
An Ion gradient has potential energy and can be used to power chemical reactions when the ions pass through a channel. Hydrogen ions (protons) will diffuse from an area of high proton concentration to an area of lower proton concentration.

ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria.

=== Block 3B ===

Xerophyte and Hydrophytes have several differences that enable them to survive in their given environment.
'''Xerophytes (arid plant)''': Thick cuticle to retain water,
Deep, branching roots,
Few stomata for gas and water exchange,
Greatly reduced leaves (they can have spines, be rolled, or hairy);
'''Hydrophytes (aquatic plant),'''
Thin/no cuticle,
Shallow, short roots,
Many stomata,
Large and finely divided leaves.

Cytochromes are used to transport the electrons down the electron transport chain.

Oxidation is loss, reduction is gain.
A neat way to remember this is: OIL RIG.

Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain are the main three steps in '''Cellular Respiration''', which mainly takes place in the mitochondria.

'''Photophosphoylation'''

A really long complicated word that really just means making energy with light.
&lt;u&gt;Noncyclic vs Cyclic Photophosphorylation&lt;/u&gt;
Noncyclic
#What normally occurs during photosynthesis.
#Produces a normal amount of ATP
#Can occur forever (theoretically)
#Produces NADPH

Cyclic
#Unnaturally occurs when there is not enough H20
#Produces abnormally high ATP
#Cannot go on forever
#Produces no NADPH

'''PII and PI'''

 Photosytem II
-An excited pigment loses two electrons when it is struck by a photon of sunlight
-Chlorophyl breaks open a water molecule to get the two missing electron, thus turning the water molecule into floating hydrogens and oxygens (called Photolysis)
-The first 2 electrons bounce down the ETC, fueled by ATP.

 Photosystem I
-The 2 electrons bounce off the ETC and into the next chlorophyll just as its pigment loses them to the photon again.
-These 2 electrons in turn aid ferrodoxin in turning NADP and H into NADPH

=== Block 4B ===

Chemiosmosis is the movement of hydrogen ions through the thylakoid membrane (where the photosystems I &amp;II are located).

Xerophytes:thick epidermis, sunken stomatas, dry habitats
 
Hydrophytes: stomata on surface, often floating or submerged, moist habitats

&lt;b&gt;Light Energy&lt;/b&gt;

Light emission is an important part of photosynthesis. Visible light is a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light travels in waves. A &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;wavelength&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is the distance from one wave peak to the next one. Light is also made up of packets of energy called &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;photons&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. A photon's energy is inversely proportional to its wavelength.

When a molecule absorbs on of these photons, one of its electrons become energized, shifting the electron from a lower-energy orbital to one of higher energy that is farther from the nucleus. The electron then either returns to its ground state or leaves the atom to be accepted by and electron acceptor molecule (the latter occurs in photosynthesis).

&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll&lt;/b&gt;

A leaf is made up of a green pigment called &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;chlorophyll&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which is also the main pigment of photosynthesis. It absorbs light mostly in the blue and red areas of the visible light spectrum, since most green light that hits the leaves is reflected, giving plant leaves a green appearance. There is more than one type of chlorophyll. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; initiates the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is an accessory pigment that absorbs and reflects light in a way that gives it a yellow-green appearance, while chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; has a more bright-green appearance. The spectrum of light that can provide energy for photosynthesis can be broadened with another accessory pigment called a &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;cartenoid&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which can be yellow or orange. Chlorophyll can be excited by light directly by photons or indirectly by energy it receives from these accessory pigments. The absorption of light is often monitored by graph. A pigment's &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;absorption spectrum&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is a graph of its absorption of light of different wavelengths. The &lt;span style=&quot;color:#4CC417;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;action spectrum&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shows the effectiveness of certain wavelengths of light. It can be obtained by measuring the rate of photosynthesis at each wavelength for leaf cells or tissues that have been exposed to light of one wavelength (monochromatic).
 
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, while respiration takes place in mitochondria. Plants and algae carry out photosynthesis. Respiration occurs in all eukaryotes.

Key Idea to Remember: Oxidation is loss and Reduction is Gain (OIL RIG) 

Cellular respiration has three metabolic stages. The first is Glycolysis cycle, is the splitting of sugar and occurs in the cytosol, the fluid between membranes. This process is anaerobic and is at substrate level phosphorylation. It begins with 6C Glucose and becomes 2 (3C) Pyruvate while gaining 2 ATP and 2 NADH, thus is it demonstrating oxidation. The gaining of 2 NADH is the reduction of a co-enzyme. The second stage is the Krebs Cycle occurs in the mitochondria. This stage begins with pyruvate (3C) and decarboxylates (loses CO2) to become 2C Acetyl CoA. Then 4C is added to form 6C intermediatie which decarboxylates into 5C which decarboxylates into 4C which begins the cycle again. There is a link reaction between the 4C oxaloacetate and the 3C pyruvate. This process is also oxidation as it gains NADH, 2 ATP and FADH2. One turn of the Krebs/Citric Cycle yields 2CO2, 3NADH, FADH2, and ATP. The third and final stage is the Electron Transport Chain which occurs in the inner mitochondria membrane and yields 32 ATP. It transports 2 hydrogens and 2 electrons from FADH2 or NADH to molecular oxygen forming water, which eventually makes ATP. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the ETC.

The rate of photosynthesis increase as the amount of light increase, until it reaches a certain point then it will stay constant not increasing or decreasing. It will also increase as the rate of Co2 concentration increases, but photosynthesis does not occur at very low Co2 concentrations and will eventually level out at very high concentrations. As the temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis will continue to increase until it reaches its optimum rate, then the rate of photosynthesis will rapidly decline.
ALL PLANTS need water and oxygen to survive

==Chemistry==
===Block 1B===
Water is an important part of the chemistry of all living things as well. Some of the main characteristics of water are as follows:
    POLAR- thus, it is the universal solvent
    COHESION- water molecules stick to themselves, helps provide surface tension
    ADHESION- water molecules stick to other surfaces which allows capillary action and movement against the pull of gravity
    TRANSPARENT- essential for underwater plants to receive the light they need for photosynthesis
    HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION- when water evaporates, as in sweat, it has a cooling effect because of the heat it draws from the body
    HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT- water stays warm for a long time after it is heated, but takes a long time to heat.
    This is essential for organisms living in water so that their environment does not change too quickly before they can adjust.

'''ELEMENTS'''

Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
The three most frequently occurring elements found in living systems are carbon = C, oxygen = O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and hydrogen = H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
Other important elements include nitrogen = N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, phosphorus = P, iron = Fe, calcium = Ca, potassium =K, and magnesium = Mg.

===Block 3B===
The three most common elements are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Hydrogen is the most abundant element on earth and carbon is found in all life.
&lt;big&gt;'''Examples of Organic Molecules:'''&lt;/big&gt; '''Lipids''' (they have twice the energy of Carbs.)-''Monomer''=Glycerol/Fatty Acids, ''Bond''= Ester, ''Uses''= cushioning/insulation/energy storage/structure, ''Examples''=Fats/Oils/Waxes
Carbohydrates' 'Monomer''Glucose or monosaccharide Uses break down of protein, storage of energy, energy ''Examples: Amylose, sucrose, ribose, glucose..any protein with -ose instead of -ase. Carbohydrates have -ose' 
Proteins contain carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and other organic elements. 
Their monomer is amino acid which is written as OHHNRCHCOHH, where R represents a functional group, specific to that protein. Uses include storage, protection, muscles. Are bonded by peptide bonds which form through a linkage of carbon and nitrogen with a byproduct of water.

'''Redox reactions'''

Oxidation: When a molecule LOSES an electron.
Reduction: When a molecule GAINS an election.

OIL RIG: Oxidation is Loss, reduction is Gain.

===Block 4B===
The three most common elements in organic chemistry are Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

&lt;u&gt;Other Important Elements&lt;/u&gt;

Nitrogen-Used in DNA, proteins, and enzymes.

Calcium-Helps build strong bones, &amp; used in sending nerve impulses.

Phosphorus-Used for ATP.

Iron-Transports oxygen.

Sodium-Keeps a balance of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;0. Also used for nerve impulses and muscle contractions.

ORGANIC MOLECULES
*Carbohydrates
 monomer-monosaccharide
 ex. glucose, galactose
*Proteins
 monomer-amino acid
 ex. enzymes, structural, hemoglobin
*Lipids
 monomer-fatty acids
 ex.fats, phospholipids, waxes,oils
*Nuclei Acids...phosphodiester bonds
 monomer-nucleotide(sugar, phosphate, base)
 ex.DNA,RNA

Fatty Acid:
CH3-CH2-C=O   (also branching off from the C on right is an OH by a single bond)

Polar bonds are the result of covalently bonded atoms that have unequal electronegativity. Non-polar bonds are the result of covalently bonded atoms that have equal electronegativity. Water is a polar molecule- one end of the molecule has a partial positive charge and the other end has a partial negative charge.

'''More Bonding'''

&lt;u&gt;Covalent bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Electrons are shared between atoms so that each atom has a filled valance shell.

Electronegativity measures the attraction of an atom to shared electrons in a bond.

&lt;u&gt;Ionic bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Form as a result of the attraction between a cation and an anion.

&lt;u&gt;Hydrogen bonds&lt;/u&gt;: Bonds between a partially-charged negative atom and an atom in a hydrogen bond with either oxygen or nitrogen. Can form between two molecules or two parts of one molecule.

Organic molecules:
Carbohydrates are used for energy and stored energy. There chemical makeup has a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen. Monomers include glucose and monosaccharides.
Proteins are connected by peptide bonds. They are used for structural movements, like muscles. They are also used for transport (hemoglobin), storage, protection, and regulation. Protein’s monomers are amino acids, of which there are twenty. 
Lipids are insoluble in water. Monomers include glycerol and fatty acids. Ester linkages bond lipids. Lipids are used for insulation, energy storage, cushioning, and have structural purposes (cell membranes). Examples include fats, oils, waxes, carotenoids, phospholipids, and steroids. 
Nucleic acids store information. RNA is used for transmission. DNA is responsible for expression of genetic information. Nucleic acids are linked by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleic acid monomers are nucleotides, which are composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.

==Evolution==
===Block 1B===
Lynn Margulis proposed the theory of Endosymbiosis, which provides a possible explanation for the formation of eukaryotic cells. It is believed that mitochondria and chloroplast, which are located in eukaryotic cells today, were once on their own like prokaryotic cells. There is evidence that the two organelles were prokaryotic because mitochondria and chloroplast contain circular DNA just like prokaryotic cells. Also, mitochondria and chloroplast have 70s ribosomes that is similar to the 70s ribosomes of prokaryotic cells. The theory provides the explanation that the prokaryotic cells took in the mitochondria and chloroplast and a symbiotic relationship formed. The prokaryotic cell provided shelter and protection, and the chloroplast made food and the mitochondria broke down the food in order to make energy that the cell could use. Thus, the creation of eukaryotic cells occurred.

'''MILLER AND UREY'''

They conducted an experiment which would change the approach of scientific investigation into the origin of life. Miller took molecules which were believed to represent the major components of the early Earth's atmosphere and put them into a closed system. The gases they used were methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water (H2O). Next, he ran a continuous electric current through the system, to simulate lightning storms believed to be common on the early earth. Two percent of the carbon had formed some of the amino acids which are used to make proteins. Perhaps most importantly, Miller's experiment showed that organic compounds such as amino acids, which are essential to cellular life, could be made easily under the conditions that scientists believed to be present on the early earth. This enormous finding inspired a multitude of further experiments.

'''Human Evolution'''

-Features that define humans as primates:

digits with nails

eyes in front of the head

five grasping digits with opposable thumb

long, slender limbs that rotate freely at the hips and shoulders

acute hearing

relatively large brain

long life-spans

-Evidence for bipedalism: 

curvature of spine provides better weight distribution

foramen magnum is centered in the base of the skull

increase in the length of legs in comparison to the arms

shorter, broader pelvis for attachment to leg muscles

alignment of the big toe with the rest of the toes


-Genus ''Australopithecus'': the immediate ancestors of the genus ''Homo''


'''Darwin-Wallace Theory of Natural Selection'''

Evolution is based on four observations about the natural world:

1. Overproduction: each species produces more offspring than will survive

2. Variation: individuals in a population exhibit variation

3. Limits on population growth: environmental factors limit growth, causing a struggle for existence

4. Differential reproductive success: those with the most favorable characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce

'''Modern Examples of Evolution'''

-In response to the widespread use of the Warfarin pesticide, some species of rat have become immune/resistant

-Penicillin resistant strains of bacteria due to the widespread use of the antibiotic

-Some mosquitoes resistant to DDT

-Evolution of Peppered Moth due to predation and changes in environment

'''Other Theories of How we got here'''

*Panspermia- The theory that a life form came from another planet, traveling on a comet or asteroid and landed on earth, leading to the evolution to humans

===Block 3B===

'''Miller and Urey’s experiments:''' 
What you need to know:
•Miller and Urey conduced experiments to test if life could have formed in the primordial soup
•They used&quot;

W-ater
H-ydrogen
A-mmonia
M-ethane

•They boiled the water and used electric shocks to simulate the various stages of heating and cooling and lightning that were likely present on early earth’s surface
•They produced organic molecules form this experiment, but no life. However, such a find sent a wave through the science community


Exogenesis (sick word), but more commonly known as panspermia, originates as far back as the Greek philosopher Anaxagoras (sweet name). The actual theory of panspermia speculates that life came to earth from another planet, perhaps being carried by a meteorite that crashed here. This theory solves the time gap that we currently have in our evolution chart, but it only moves the problem to another planet, so it really doesn't solve anything.
&lt;br&gt;

'''The Darwin-Wallace Theory of Evolution''' has four key points. The first is that individuals in a population exhibit '''variation'''. Next is '''overproduction''', the reproductive abilities of a species causes an increase (geometric) over time. Then, there are '''limits on population growth''' caused by things such as; food, water, light, growing space, and other resources. Lastly, the individuals that have the most favorable traits and adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce ('''differential reproductive success''').

'''Natural Selection'''

Natural Selection is the principle that nature tends to favor organisms with certain traits. These organisms therefore have a greater chance of survival in that environment than other organisms without the trait. This gives the organisms with the trait a significant advantage in the environment. Because it has a greater chance of survival, and organism with the trait is less likely to die young and has a greater chance of reproducing early and often to spread its genes. It then can pass on this beneficial trait, allowing the trait to proliferate throughout the species. In this way, natural selection favors organisms with certain traits, giving them a greater chance to survive and pass on these traits so that more of the population can survive using this favorable trait.

===Block 4B===

Modern examples of evolution include: peppered moth, DDT resistance in some mosquitoes, penicillin resistant strains of bacteria as a result of the widespread use of the antibiotic and a warfarin strains of rat in response to the widespread use of the pesticide.

Evolution is the change in a populations overall traits and usually refers to the genes passed on from generation to generation. Evolution is used to map out the growth of a population as well as the mutations that affect/ change it. Natural selection is one way of causing a population to evolve and natural selection means that heritable traits that are more helpful to survival are the ones most likely to be passed on from generation to generation

Evolution as a theory was first developed by Darwin and Wallace. Before that, there was the Lamarckian theory which stated that traits acquired during a lifetime would be passed on to the next generation. 

Some reasons why it is believed that Humans evolved from Primates:
-5 Digit Hands...Pentadactyl
-Grasping Ability
-Erectness
-Stereoscopic Vision

Recombination and assortment allow for variation (and mutations) in a population.

Miller and Urey simulated the conditions on pre-biotic Earth in order to test for chemical evolution. They sealed Water, Hydrogen, Ammonia, and Methane in a flask (WHAM) in order to model the conditions. Electrodes were used to simulate lightning.


Humans have evolved from mammal-like reptiles that existed over 200 million years ago. Early humans were classified under the genus ''Australopithecus''. The species include: ''afaransis'', ''africanus'', and ''robustus''. Next came the genus ''Homo''. Species include: ''habilis'', ''erectus'', ''neanderthalensis'' and ''sapiens''. Current humans are classified as ''Homo sapien sapiens''.

Okay Panspermia basically rules because it says life may have come from another planet. If you watch Star Trek there was an episode discussing this. It also linked several species such as Andorians, Klingons, Vulcans, Romulans, and most importantly humans to a common ancestor from another planet.

Other then Panspermia and evolution, another theory that is used to explain evolution is creationism. This describes how God created the Earth and everything that surrounds it. Another theory that describes evolution is the theory of intelligent design. This talks about some higher being created everything on Earth and is guiding them through their existence.

Endosymbiosis is the theory proposed by Lynn Margulis which suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. 

Okay basically endosymbiosis states that a prokaryotic cell consumed other prokaryotic cells, in this case mitochondria and chloroplasts. They grew to have a symbiotic relationship and eventually went on live together in peace. The reason this is believed to be true is because mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.

&lt;b&gt;Darwinism&lt;/b&gt; 

&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Adaptation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;: An evolutionary modification that increases the likelihood of survival and successful reproduction.

&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Natural Selection&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;: Organisms that are better adapted have a greater chance of being able to survive and bring forth the next generation.

&lt;u&gt;Charles Darwin&lt;/u&gt; - Darwin believed that the Earth was very old and its form had transformed over a period of time. &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Artificial selection&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; supposedly could allow breeders to choose traits that they liked. Darwin used this process to explain a similar process that occurs in nature.

&lt;u&gt;Alfred Wallace&lt;/u&gt; – Sent Darwin a published paper of his ideas, which were quite similar to those of Darwin himself. Thus, the &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0033FF;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Darwin-Wallace Theory of Evolution&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; was born, this theory held that four key aspects of life lead to evolution: population variation, overproduction, limits on population growth, and differential reproductive success.

&lt;u&gt;Thomas Malthus&lt;/u&gt; - Wrote &lt;i&gt;An Essay on the Principle of Population as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society&lt;/i&gt;. In it, he stated that growth in a population is not always desirable. Populations can increase exponentially, while the population's food supply can only increase arithmetically. Because of this problem between food supply and population, famine, disease and war can occur, halting population growth.


Evidence for Evolution: 
- Geological Distribution of living organisms
- Fossilization- radioactive dating
- Biochemical evidence: the universality of DNA and protein structures
- Embryo evidence because all embryos look alike in the early stage of development
- Pentadactyl limb

==Classification/Ecology==
===Block 1B===
Classification is pretty much the single greatest thing since sliced bread. Maybe even before sliced bread. It allows organisms to be grouped together based on their similar characteristics. There are a lot of organisms, so this is important. This variety of organisms (and their ecosystems!) is known as biological diversity. The study of said diversity is systematics. Classifying and naming organisms is known as taxonomy. We use a binomial nomenclature when referring to organisms. The binomial nomenclature was designed by Carolus Linnaeus and consists of an organisms genus and species. Both words have Latin roots.

In case you were wondering, the system of classification is as follows:
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus 
species

A species is:
A potentially interbreeding population. Remember, the offspring must also be able to reproduce. 
A population is a group of the same species.
A community is a group of populations, cohabitating.
This habitat is known as the ecosystem.
A group of ecosystems makes up a biome (think temperate forest, or tundra!)
The entire world, and/or all the biomes and life and everything, makes up the biosphere. 

'''PLANTS'''

There are four major groups of plants:

Bryophytes

- Non vascular

- Dominant Gametophyte generation

- Seedless plants

- Small, require moist environment, reproduce by spores

- mosses, liverworst{{typo help inline|reason=similar to liverworts|date=September 2022}}

Filicinophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant Sporophyte generation

- Seedless plants

- Reproduced by Spores

- Ferns, Horsetails

Coniferophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant Sporophyte Generation

- Seed plants (naked seeds)

- reproduce by seeds

- Conifers, Cycads, Ginkgoes

Angiospermophytes

- Vascular

- Dominant sporophyte gen

- Seed plants (seeds encased in fruit)

- Reproduce by seeds

- Flowering plants, monocots, dicots

===Block 3B===

'''Classification System'''

A classification system is something that helps scientists to organize animals, plants, and other life into categories so that we can see similarities and differences.

Our modern classification system consists of:
# Kingdom
# Phylum
# Class
# Order
# Family
# Genus
# Species

'''Binomial Nomenclature'''

This is the specific system of naming in which scientists derive names of organisms with respect to their Genus and Species. For instance, humans are classified as Home (Genus) Sapiens (Species). This allows for a continuity and common ground for naming organisms throughout science, facilitating research and building a foundation for further study into biology.

Plants can be categorised into several different groups: 1. '''Bryophtyes'''- Non-vascular seedless plants that are small and require moist environments. Such examples are mosses and liverworts and their dominant generation is the gameophyte. 2. '''Tracheophtyes''' which are broken down further into --&gt; a.) '''Filicinophtyes'''- Vascular seedless plants that reproduce by spores. The dominant generation id the sporophtye and examples are ferns and horsetails. b.) '''Coniferophtyes'''- Vascular seed plants (naked seeds) that also reproduce by spores. Examples are conifer and ginkgo tree and the dominant generation is the sporophtye. c.)'''Angiospermophtyes'''- Vascular seed plants (encased in fruit) that reproduce by spores. The dominant generation is also sporophtye and examples are monocots and dicots.

'''Plants'''

&lt;u&gt;''Bryophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
-nonvascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dominant Gametophyte generation&lt;/br&gt;
-seedless&lt;/br&gt;
-small&lt;/br&gt;
-thrives in moist environments&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by spores&lt;/br&gt;
-E.x.: mosses (hornwarts etc)

&lt;u&gt;''Filicernophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dominant Spor. generation&lt;/br&gt;
-seedless&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by spores&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;u&gt;''Coniferophytes''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dom. Spor. Gen.&lt;/br&gt;
-seeds (but naked seeds)&lt;/br&gt;
-E.x. COnfers (ginkoes, Cyands...)

&lt;u&gt;''Angiosperophytes''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/u&gt;-vascular&lt;/br&gt;
-Dom. Spor. Gen.&lt;/br&gt;
-have seeds, in fruit&lt;/br&gt;
-reproduce by seeds&lt;/br&gt;
-e.x. Flowering plants (daffodils, roses, monocots, dicots)&lt;/br&gt;

===Block 4B===

Classification is how scientists group different organisms and their species. They can be determined through different methods.

This is how a regular classification system works:

Kingdom=&gt; Phylum=&gt; Class=&gt; Order=&gt; Family=&gt; Genus=&gt; Species

A way to remember this is
&lt;br&gt;Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools&lt;/br&gt;

FOR HUMANS: Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primate, Homindae, Home, Sapien, Cro-Magnon/ Sapien

Species-a particular kind of organism; members possess similar anatomic characteristics and have the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

There are four main groups of plants. Filicinophytes, Coniferophytes, and Angiospermophytes are grouped together under a larger set called Tracheophytes. Bryophytes and Filicinophytes reproduce by spores, while Coniferophytes and Angiospermophytes reproduce by seeds. The seeds in Angiospermophytes are encased in fruit, while Coniferophytes have naked seeds. Examples: Bryophytes- moss, liverworts, hornworts; Filicinophytes- ferns, club mosses, horsetails; Coniferophytes- conifers, cycads, ginkgoes; Angiospermophytes- flowering plants, monocots, dicots.

&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Plants and the Cell&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

Plants show &lt;b&gt;Alteration of Generation&lt;/b&gt; in which they spend some of their lives in a haploid stage, and another part in a diploid stage. In the gametophye generation, the haploid stage leads to gametes through mitosis, while meiosis is used in the sporophyte generation, where the diploid state leads to haploid spores. Gametophytes produce a small gametangia called &lt;b&gt;antheridia&lt;/b&gt; (the female version is called &lt;b&gt;archegonia&lt;/b&gt;). The &lt;b&gt;zygote&lt;/b&gt; forms when an egg and sperm cell unite. The first stage in the sporophyte generation, the newly-formed diploid zygote, divides by mitosis and becomes a young, multicellular sporophyte plant. Once it matures, it gains special cells that divide using meiosis to form haploid cells known as &lt;b&gt;spores&lt;/b&gt;. These spores divide by mitosis, producing a multicellular gametophyte, thus restarting the cycle.

Seed Germination-
1. Imbibition- Seed absorbs water
2. Embryo releases Gibberellic Acid (GA)
3. GA triggers the alueron layer to release amylase
4. Amylase digests amylose into maltose
5. Maltose is used by embryo to grow

Every seed needs water and oxygen to grow. Other things that might be necessary include: Light, digestion by mammals or birds, bacterial digestion, and/or fire.

There are many different parts of a seed. The first one that people meet is the testa (seed coat), then there is the aleurone layer. Because the embryo has to go through these two layers that is why germination takes so long. Then in the seed is the cotyledon and the embryo. The embryo is made of the embryonic shoot and the embryonic root.

Binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. It involves names for the genus, then the species. The name for the genus is always capitalized, but the species name is lower case. Both names are italicised however. For example: ''Passer domesticus''

Biological Organization: Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere

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A computer program that does not communicate with the outside world is very boring indeed. Programs, including programs on the BasicStamp need to take '''input''' and generate '''output'''.

== INPUT and OUTPUT ==
The BasicStamp has 16 basic I/O pins, all of which can be used as either an input or an output. To specify that a pin is an input we use the INPUT command:

 INPUT 12

This makes pin 12 an input pin. To specify that a pin is being used as an output, the OUTPUT command can be used:

 OUTPUT 15

This makes pin 15 an output.

=== DIRS Register ===
The INPUT and OUTPUT commands affect a special memory value called DIRS. DIRS, which is short for &quot;Directions&quot; is a special memory location known as a &quot;Tri-State Buffer&quot;. DIRS contains 16 bits, each corresponding to one of the I/O ports. If the pin in DIRS is a 0, then the corresponding pin is an input. If the pin in DIRS is a 1, then the corresponding pin is an output.

For instance, if we wanted to set the top byte to be input, and the bottom byte to be output, we could write:

 DIRS = %1111111100000000

This is easier than having to write 16 INPUT and OUTPUT commands!

== I/O Ports ==
=== 1-Bit Ports ===
I/O ports have a special name, using the prefix &quot;In&quot; or &quot;Out&quot;, followed by the pin number. For instance, if we have a variable called MyVariable, and if all the ports were properly designated as INPUT or OUTPUT, we could write all of the following:

 MyVariable = IN3

 MyVariable = IN5 + 10

 OUT12 = MyVariable

 OUT15 = MyVariable - 10

=== Multi-Bit Ports ===

We can combine multiple I/O pins into multi-bit I/O ports. Each port has a specific name:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Direction !! Word !! Byte !! Nibble !! Bit
|-
|Input || INS || INL, INH || INA, INB, INC, IND || IN0 - IN15
|-
|Output || OUTS || OUTL, OUTH || OUTA, OUTB, OUTC, OUTD || OUT0 - OUT15
|}

The &quot;S&quot; suffix is used to denote the whole 16-bit word. &quot;L&quot; is for the low byte, &quot;H&quot; is for the high byte. &quot;A&quot;, &quot;B&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, and &quot;D&quot; are used for the 4 possible nibbles, with &quot;A&quot; being the lowest (pins 0 - 3) and &quot;D&quot; being the highest (pins 12 - 15).

== Sending and Receiving ==

When we want to send data from the BasicStamp to another device, we write that data to an output port. The external device that we are trying to communicate with will then read that value from an input port, and use that value internally. Data values to read and write from the BasicStamp are 5 volt values. Too much voltage will cause damage to the circuit, and too little voltage cannot be read. In general, we can associate our values for 1 and 0 with voltages:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Binary
! Voltage
|-
! 1 
| +5V
|-
! 0 
| 0V
|}

== &quot;Voltage?&quot; ==

We are going to digress from the main narrative of the book here for a minute and discuss some issues of electricity. Because of the embedded nature of the BasicStamp, most projects that involve them are going to also involve some manner of hardware integration. Improperly connecting your BasicStamp to external hardware can cause damage to the chip, and could even cause harm to you.

=== Ohm's Law ===

A basic law of electricity, and the only such law that we need to consider for the purposes of this book, is '''Ohm's Law'''. Ohm's law can be written as:

:&lt;math&gt;v = iR&lt;/math&gt;

''v'' is the voltage, in volts. ''i'' is the current, in amps. ''R'' is the resistance, in Ohms. 

We know that the output port of the BasicStamp supplies 5V. If there is too much current, the stamp could get hot or even become damaged. We should try to keep our current to 5 milliamps or less (preferably less). This means, using Ohms's law that:

:&lt;math&gt;5 = (5\times10^{-3})R&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;R = \frac{5}{(5\times10^{-3})} = 1000 = 1k\Omega&lt;/math&gt;

This means that for every circuit we use with our BasicStamp, we should have at least 1000&amp;Omega; of resistance. Any less resistance and we risk damage to our BasicStamp.</text>
      <sha1>lyp3x81jayt9ux4h2iwd3l3ya98pek1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>LaTeX/Collaborative Writing of LaTeX Documents</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>129571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4449002</id>
      <parentid>4097252</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:27:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>regex typo fixing (via JWB)</comment>
      <origin>4449002</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48625" sha1="o3nmgijqsxku8wau764ktl1t6fjw3e8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{LaTeX/Top}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{attention}}

'''Note:'''
Parts (the part about subversion) of this Wikibook is based on the article
[http://tug.org/pracjourn/2007-3/henningsen/ ''Tools for Collaborative Writing of Scientific LaTeX Documents'']
by [[User:Arnehe|Arne Henningsen]]
that is published in ''The PracTeX Journal'' 2007, number 3
(http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/).

== Abstract ==

Collaborative writing of documents requires a strong synchronisation among authors. This Wikibook describes various possible way to organise the collaborative preparation of LaTeX documents.
# First several methods are presented which are not based on a version control system.
# Then several latex style files are discussed which are suited for collaboration.
# This is followed by  a solution  which  based on the version control system ''Subversion'' (http://subversion.apache.org/). The Wikibook describes how ''Subversion'' can be used together with several other software tools and LaTeX packages to organise the collaborative preparation of LaTeX documents.
# Another approach is to use mercurial https://www.mercurial-scm.org/, and bitbucket https://bitbucket.org/

== Other  Methods (not version control based) ==

* You can use one of the online solutions listed in the [[LaTeX/Installation|Installation]] chapter. Most of them have collaboration features.

* Another option for collaboration is [http://www.getdropbox.com/ dropbox]. It has 2&amp;nbsp;GB free storage and versioning system. Works like SVN, but more automated and therefore especially useful for beginning LaTeX users. However, Dropbox is not a true versioning control system, and as such it does not allow you to roll the article back to previous versions. Web-based editor [https://latexbase.com/ LaTeX Base] supports syncing to Dropbox.

* You can use an online collaborative tool built on top of a versioning control system, such as [https://authorea.com/ Authorea] or [https://www.sharelatex.com/ ShareLatex]. Authorea performs most of the actions described in this document, but in the background (it is built on Git). It allows authors to enter LaTeX or Markdown via a GUI with mathematical notation, figures, d3.js plots, IPython notebooks, data, and tables. All content is rendered to HTML5. Authorea also features a commenting system and article-based chat to ease collaboration and review.

* As the LaTeX system uses plain text, you can use synchronous collaborative editors like [[w:Gobby|Gobby]]. In Gobby you can write your documents in collaboration with anyone in real-time. It is strongly recommended that you use utf8 encoding (especially if there are users on multiple operating systems collaborating) and a stable network (typically wired networks).

* An [https://github.com/ether/etherpad-lite/wiki/Sites-that-run-Etherpad-Lite instance] ([[etherpad:|etherpad on Wikimedia in this example]]) of [[w:EtherPad|EtherPad]]. To compile use the command:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;tt&gt;wget -O filename.tex &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/ep/pad/export/xxxx/latest?format=txt&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; &amp;&amp; (latex filename.tex)&lt;/tt&gt;&lt;br /&gt; where 'xxxx' should be replaced by the pad number (something like 'z7rSrfrYcH').

* With a dedicated Linux box with LaTeX &amp; Dropbox it's possible to use Google docs and [https://gist.github.com/1995648 some scripting] to get automatically generated PDFs on Dropbox from updates on Google Docs.

* You can use a [[w:Distributed revision control|distributed version control system]] such as [[w:Fossil (software)|Fossil]], [[w:Mercurial|Mercurial]] or [[Git]]. This is the definitive solution for users looking for control and advanced features like a branch and merge. The learning curve will be steeper than that for a web-based solution.

* Syncthing is another opensource alternative to synchronizing files across machines

== Visualizing ''diffs'' in LaTeX: latexdiff and changebar ==

The tools [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/support/latexdiff/ latexdiff] and [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/changebar/ changebar] can visualize differences of two LaTeX files inside a generated document. This makes it easier to see impact of certain changes or discuss changes with people not custom to LaTeX. Changebar comes with a script &lt;code&gt;chbar.sh&lt;/code&gt; which inserts a bar in the margin indicating parts that have changed. Latexdiff allows different styles of visualization. The default is that discarded text is marked as red and added text is marked as blue. It also supports a mode similar to Changebar which adds a bar in the margin. Latexdiff comes with a script &lt;code&gt;latexrevise&lt;/code&gt; which can be used to accept or decline changes. It also has a wrapper script to support version control systems such as the discussed Subversion.

An example on how to use Latexdiff in the Terminal.

    latexdiff old.tex new.tex &gt; diff.tex               # Files old.tex and new.tex are compared and the file visualizing the changes is written to diff.tex
    pdflatex diff.tex                                  # Create a PDF showing the changes

If you use mercurial the syntax is as follows
&lt;code&gt;latexdiff-vc  --hg  test.tex -r revnumber&lt;/code&gt;

where revnumber is the (local) revnumber of the relevant changeset.

'''Important advice:'''

Sometimes latexdiff runs into problems (the resulting latex code cannot be compiled). This can happen if there are major changes concerning mathematical equations.
To deal with this difficulty latexdiff offers the option &lt;code&gt;--math-markup&lt;/code&gt;:
# &lt;code&gt;--math-markup=3&lt;/code&gt; very sensitive to changes in mathematical equations.
# &lt;code&gt;--math-markup=0&lt;/code&gt; changes in mathematical equations are ignored. See the documentation for details.

The program [http://www.qtrac.eu/diffpdf.html DiffPDF] can be used to compare two existing PDFs visually. There is also a command line tool [http://www.qtrac.eu/comparepdf.html comparepdf] based on DiffPDF.

== Useful LaTeX styles ==

=== Subfiles ===

In general for collaboration a modular approach is recommended since it minimizes the danger of conflicting edits. See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=LaTeX/Modular_Documents&amp;stable=0 for details, subfiles are recommended but not the only solution.

=== Todonotes ===

The todonotes.sty allows you to insert todo-item, either as margins or inline and adds a (hyperref supported) list of todos at the beginning document. What makes this package special (compared say to the fixme.sty) is the fact that the margin todo items point with a line to the text in question. This feature is familiar from Libreoffice, MS Office etc., see the manual for details https://ctan.org/pkg/todonotes?lang=en.

Here is an example:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;latex&quot;&gt;
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[colorinlistoftodos, textwidth=3cm, shadow]{todonotes}
\newcounter{ubcomment}
\newcommand{\ubcomment}[2][]{%
\refstepcounter{ubcomment}%
{%
\todo[linecolor=black,backgroundcolor={green!40!},size=\footnotesize]{%
\textbf{Fixme: UB [\uppercase{#1}\theubcomment]:}~#2}%
}}
\newcommand{\ubcommentinline}[2][]{%
\refstepcounter{ubcomment}%
{%
\todo[linecolor=black,inline,backgroundcolor={green!40!},size=\footnotesize]{%
\textbf{Fixme: UB [\uppercase{#1}\theubcomment]:}~#2}%
}}

\newcommand{\ubcommentmultiline}[2]{%
\refstepcounter{ubcomment}%
{%
\todo[linecolor=black,inline,caption={\textbf{{Fixme: UB}
    [\theubcomment] #1}} ,backgroundcolor={green!40!},size=\footnotesize]{%
\textbf{Fixme: UB [\theubcomment]:}~#2}%
}}

% add support for todo in equations
\usepackage{marginnote}
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\@todonotes@drawMarginNoteWithLine}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay, baseline=-0.75ex]%
    \node [coordinate] (inText) {};%
\end{tikzpicture}%
\marginnote[{% Draw note in left margin
    \@todonotes@drawMarginNote%
    \@todonotes@drawLineToLeftMargin%
}]{% Draw note in right margin
    \@todonotes@drawMarginNote%
    \@todonotes@drawLineToRightMargin%
}%
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\listoftodos

This is one example \ubcomment{Comment 1}

Now more text and an inline comment: \ubcommentinline{This is an
  inline comment}.

Now even more text and a comment with an enumerate list.
\ubcommentmultiline{Third comment}{
this is not true because
\begin{enumerate}
  \item Reason 1
  \item Reason 2
\end{enumerate}
}

Finally a comment inside a math environment.
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:todo-example:1}
\int f dx =0 \ubcomment{are you sure this integral is zero???}
\end{equation}
\end{document}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Please note: you need to use pdflatex (xelatex also works) and run it various, that is three or four times.

=== rcsinfo (and rcs-multi) ===

This package https://ctan.org/pkg/rcsinfo?lang=en
(and rcs-multi https://ctan.org/pkg/rcs-multi) in a similar way will insert automatically the current version, data, and owner of a file which is under version control of a system which is compatible with the syntax of '''RCS''', like CVS, subversion and mercurial. (see below how to set up mercurial).
Here is an example
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;latex&quot;&gt;
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[scrpage2]{rcsinfo}
\makeatletter \def\@rcsInfoFancyInfo{{\footnotesize%
      \emph{ \fcolorbox{black}{green}{Rev: \rcsInfoRevision,}
        \fcolorbox{black}{yellow}{\rcsInfoOwner,} \rcsInfoLongDate,
        \rcsInfoTime}}} \makeatother
\rcsInfo $Id: main.tex,v [Hg:291] 2018/08/08 16:36:51 oub Exp oub $
\begin{document}
This  is a test.
\end{document}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Version control systems ==

Independent of collaboration, version control systems are useful even for single author documents, since they allow to keep track of changes and restore older versions if necessary.
The oldest still in use version control system is RCS, but it is single file orientated and is not based on a server model.
CVS is based on RCS, but serves for various files and also includes a server model. This was superseded, to a certain extend by subversion (see below).
A different approach was used by the so called decentralized version control systems, the most popular are git and mercurial (see below).

== Requirements for collaboration using a version control system ==
=== Multi user ===
The systems should allows  various users have read/write
access to the system, on a sort of «server»

=== Versions should be saved. ===
The point is not to overwrite a file, or the files by a newer
version, instead the system should save in some form, different
versions. The reasons are

# One can compare changes by running an appropriate diff program,
  for example latexdiff, on different version of the file.

# It allows to restore older version if that is necessary.

=== Non-sequential contributions should be managed ===
Sequential collaboration is one in which one users works, which the
other don't do anything, obtain the changes and then the next user
starts.

Let us consider a collaboration that is not sequential. (To make
the point the example is done of one file, in principle the same
problem occurs for different files in directory, but it is less
intuitive.)

# User1 wants to make changes in section 1 in  file1, and needs 2 weeks for
  this modification the results is file1-modified-by-user1

# Meanwhile User2 modifies section 2 in file1, which results in
  file1-modified-by-user2

# And User3 modifies section 3 in file1, which results in file1-modified-by-user3

A version system must be able to «merge» these three changes without
problems.

=== Conflicting editing should be detected ===
Conflicting editing is by definition editing that occurs in the
'''same''' line of a file. The system should detect that, advice and
provide means to solve it.

== Interchanging Documents using a version control system ==
The collaborative preparation of documents
requires a considerable amount of coordination among the authors.
This coordination can be organised in many different ways,
where the best way depends on the specific circumstances.

There are many ways to interchange documents among authors.
One possibility is to compose documents by interchanging e-mail messages.
This method has the advantage
that common users generally do not have to install and learn the usage of
any extra software,
because virtually all authors have an e-mail account.
Furthermore, the author who has modified the document
can easily attach the document and explain the changes by e-mail as well.
Unfortunately, there is a problem when two or more authors are working
at the same time on the same document.
So, how can authors synchronise these files?
Besides this difficulty, the email based  method can become easily cumbersome,if several files are involved.
Another method is to use a distributed or server based version control system. Before going into details basic requirements for such an approach will be outlined in the next subsection.

A second possibility is to provide the document on a common file server,
which is available in most departments.
The risk of overwriting each other's modifications
can be eliminated by locking files that are currently edited.
However, generally the file server can be only accessed from within a department.
Hence, authors who are out of the building
cannot use this method to update/commit their changes.
In this case,
they will have to use another way to overcome this problem.
So, how can authors access these files?

A third possibility is to use a version control system.
A comprehensive list of version control systems can be found at
[[:w:List of revision control software|Wikipedia]].
Version control systems keep track of all changes in files in a project.
If many authors modify a document at the same time,
the version control system tries to merge all modifications automatically.
However, if multiple authors have modified the same line,
the modifications cannot be merged automatically,
and the user has to resolve the conflict by deciding manually
which of the changes should be kept.
Authors can also comment their modifications
so that the co-authors can easily understand the workflow of this file.
As version control systems generally communicate over the Internet
(e.g. through TCP/IP connections),
they can be used from different computers with Internet connections.
A restrictive firewall policy might prevent
the version control system from connecting to the Internet.
In this case, the network administrator has to be asked
to open the appropriate port.
The Internet is only used for synchronising the files.
Hence, a permanent Internet connection is not required.
The only drawback of a version control system could be that it has to be installed and configured.

Moreover, a version control system is useful
even if a single user is working on a project.
First, the user can track (and possibly revoke) all previous modifications.
Second, this is a convenient way to have a backup of the files
on other computers (e.g. on the version control server).
Third, this allows the user to easily switch between different computers
(e.g. office, laptop, home).

=== The Version Control System ''Subversion'' ===

[http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion (SVN)] comes as a successor to the popular version control system CVS. SVN operates on a client-server model in which a central server hosts a project repository that users copy and modify locally. A repository functions similarly to a library in that it permits users to check out the current project, make changes, and then check it back in. The server records all changes a user checks in (usually with a message summarizing what changes the user made) so that other users can easily apply those changes to their own local files.

Each user has a local ''working copy'' of a remote ''repository''. For instance, users can ''update'' changes from the repository to their working copy, ''commit'' changes from their own working copy to the repository, or (re)view the differences between working copy and repository.

To set up a SVN version control system, the SVN server software has to be installed on a (single) computer with permanent Internet access. (If this computer has no static IP address, one can use a service like [http://www.dyndns.com/ DynDNS] to be able to access the server with a static hostname.) It can run on many Unix, modern MS Windows, and Mac OS X platforms.

Users do not have to install the SVN server software, but a SVN &quot;client&quot; software. This is the unique way to access the repositories on the server. Besides the basic SVN command-line client, there are several Graphical User Interface Tools (GUIs) and plug-ins for accessing the SVN server (see http://subversion.tigris.org/links.html). Additionally, there are very good manuals about SVN freely available on the Internet (e.g. http://svnbook.red-bean.com).

At our department, we run the SVN server on a GNU-Linux system, because most Linux distributions include it. In this sense, installing, configuring, and maintaining SVN is a very simple task.

Most MS Windows users access the SVN server by the [http://tortoisesvn.tigris.org/ TortoiseSVN] client, because it provides the most usual interface for common users. Linux users usually use SVN utilities from the command-line, or [http://zoneit.free.fr/esvn/ eSvn]--a GUI frontend--with [http://kdiff3.sourceforge.net/ KDiff3] for showing complex differences.

==== Hosting LaTeX files in ''Subversion'' ====

[[File:ESvn-texmf.png|frame|right|Figure 1:
Common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree shown in ''eSvn'''s Repository Browser]]
On our ''Subversion'' server,
we have one repository for a common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree.
Its structure complies with the
'''TeX Directory Structure''' guidelines
(TDS, http://www.tug.org/tds/tds.html,
see figure 1).
This repository provides LaTeX classes, LaTeX styles, and BibTeX styles
that are not available in the LaTeX distributions of the users,
e.g. because they were bought
or developed for the internal use at our department.
All users have a working copy of this repository
and have configured LaTeX to use this as their
personal &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree.
For instance, teTeX (http://www.tug.org/tetex/) users can edit their TeX configuration file
(e.g. &lt;tt&gt;/etc/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf&lt;/tt&gt;)
and set the variable &lt;tt&gt;TEXMFHOME&lt;/tt&gt;
to the path of the working copy of the common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree
(e.g. by &lt;tt&gt;TEXMFHOME = $HOME/texmf&lt;/tt&gt;);
MiKTeX (http://www.miktex.org/) users can add
the path of the working copy of the common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree
in the 'Roots' tab of the MiKTeX Options.

If a new class or style file has been added
(but not if these files have been modified),
the users have to update their 'file name data base' (FNDB)
before they can use these classes and styles.
For instance, teTeX users have to execute &lt;tt&gt;texhash&lt;/tt&gt;;
MiKTeX users have to click on the button 'Refresh FNDB'
in the 'General' tab of the MiKTeX Options.

Furthermore, the repository contains manuals
explaining the specific LaTeX software solution
at our department (e.g. this document).

The ''Subversion'' server hosts a separate repository
for each project of our department.
Although branching, merging, and tagging is less important
for writing text documents than for writing source code for software,
our repository layouts follow the recommendations of
the 'Subversion book' (http://svnbook.red-bean.com).
In this sense, each repository has the three directories
&lt;tt&gt;/trunk&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;/branches&lt;/tt&gt;, and &lt;tt&gt;/tags&lt;/tt&gt;.

The most important directory is &lt;tt&gt;/trunk&lt;/tt&gt;.
If a single text document belongs to the project,
all files and subdirectories of this text document are in
&lt;tt&gt;/trunk&lt;/tt&gt;.
If the project yields two or more different text documents,
&lt;tt&gt;/trunk&lt;/tt&gt; contains a subdirectory for each text document.
A slightly different version (a '''branch''') of a text document
(e.g. for presentation at a conference)
can be prepared either in an additional subdirectory of &lt;tt&gt;/trunk&lt;/tt&gt;
or in a new subdirectory of &lt;tt&gt;/branches&lt;/tt&gt;.
When a text document is submitted to a journal or a conference,
we create a '''tag''' in the directory &lt;tt&gt;/tags&lt;/tt&gt;
so that it is easy to identify the submitted version
of the document at a later date.
This feature has been proven very useful.
When creating branches and tags,
it is important always to use
the ''Subversion'' client (and not the tools of the local file system)
for these actions,
because this saves disk space on the server
and it preserves information about the same history of these documents.

Often the question arises,
which files should be put under version control.
Generally, all files that are directly modified by the user
and that are necessary for compiling the document
should be included in the version control system.
Typically, these are the LaTeX source code (&lt;tt&gt;*.tex&lt;/tt&gt;) files
(the main document and possibly some subdocuments)
and all pictures that are inserted in the document
(&lt;tt&gt;*.eps&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.jpg&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.png&lt;/tt&gt;, and &lt;tt&gt;*.pdf&lt;/tt&gt; files).
All LaTeX classes (&lt;tt&gt;*.cls&lt;/tt&gt;), LaTeX styles (&lt;tt&gt;*.sty&lt;/tt&gt;),
BibTeX data bases (&lt;tt&gt;*.bib&lt;/tt&gt;), and BibTeX styles (&lt;tt&gt;*.bst&lt;/tt&gt;)
generally should be hosted
in the repository of the common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree,
but they could be included in the respective repository,
if some (external) co-authors do not have access
to the common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree.
On the other hand,
all files that are automatically created or modified during
the compilation process (e.g.
&lt;tt&gt;*.aut&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.aux&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.bbl&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.bix&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.blg&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.dvi&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.glo&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.gls&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.idx&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.ilg&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.ind&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.ist&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.lof&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.log&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.lot&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.nav&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.nlo&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.out&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.pdf&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.ps&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.snm&lt;/tt&gt;,
and &lt;tt&gt;*.toc&lt;/tt&gt; files)
or by the (LaTeX or BibTeX) editor (e.g.
&lt;tt&gt;*.bak&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.bib~&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.kilepr&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.prj&lt;/tt&gt;,
&lt;tt&gt;*.sav&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.tcp&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.tmp&lt;/tt&gt;, &lt;tt&gt;*.tps&lt;/tt&gt;,
and &lt;tt&gt;*.tex~&lt;/tt&gt; files)
generally should be '''not''' under version control,
because these files are not necessary for compilation
and generally do not include additional information.
Furthermore, these files are regularly modified
so that conflicts are very likely.

==== The features of ''Subversion'' and its workflow ====

A great feature of a version control system is
that all authors can easily trace the workflow of a project
by viewing the differences between arbitrary versions of the files.
Authors are primarily interested in 'effective' modifications
of the source code
that change the compiled document,
but not in 'ineffective' modifications
that have no impact on the compiled document
(e.g. the position of line breaks).
Software tools for comparing text documents ('diff tools')
generally cannot differentiate
between 'effective' and 'ineffective' modifications;
they highlight both types of modifications.
This considerably increases the effort
to find and review the 'effective' modifications.
Therefore, 'ineffective' modifications should be avoided.

In this sense, it is very important
not to change the positions of line breaks without cause.
Hence, automatic line wrapping of the users' LaTeX editors
should be turned off
and line breaks should be added manually.
Otherwise, if a single word in the beginning of a paragraph is added
or removed,
all line breaks of this paragraph might change
so that most diff tools indicate the entire paragraph as modified,
because they compare the files line by line.
The diff tools ''wdiff'' (http://www.gnu.org/software/wdiff/)
and ''dwdiff'' (http://os.ghalkes.nl/dwdiff.html)
are not affected by the positions of line breaks,
because they compare documents word by word.
However, their output is less clear
so that modifications are more difficult to track.
Moreover, these tools cannot be used directly with the ''Subversion''
command-line switch &lt;tt&gt;--diff-cmd&lt;/tt&gt;,
but a small wrapper script has to be used
(http://textsnippets.com/posts/show/1033).

A reasonable convention is to add a line break after each sentence
and start each new sentence in a new line.
Note that this has an advantage also beyond version control:
if you want to find a sentence in your LaTeX code
that you have seen in a compiled (DVI, PS, or PDF) file
or on a printout,
you can easily identify the first few words of this sentence
and screen for these words on the left border of your editor window.

Furthermore,
we split long sentences into several lines
so that each line has at most about 80 characters,
because it is rather inconvenient to search for (small) differences
in long lines.
(Note:
For instance, the LaTeX editor ''Kile''
(http://kile.sourceforge.net/)
can assist the user in this task
when it is configured to add a vertical line
that marks the 80th column.)
We find it very useful to introduce
the additional line breaks at logical breaks of the sentence,
e.g. before a relative clause
or a new part of the sentence starts.
An example LaTeX code
that is formatted according to these guidelines
is the source code of the article
''Tools for Collaborative Writing of Scientific LaTeX Documents''
by [[User:Arnehe|Arne Henningsen]]
that is published (including the source code)
in ''The PracTeX Journal'' 2007, Number 3 (http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/2007-3/henningsen/).

If the authors work on different operating systems,
their LaTeX editors will probably save the files with different newline (end-of-line) characters
([[:w:Newline]].
To avoid this type of 'ineffective' modifications,
all users can agree on a specific newline character
and configure their editor to use this newline character.
Another alternative is to add the subversion property 'svn:eol-style' and set it to 'native'.
In this case, ''Subversion'' automatically converts all newline characters of this file
to the native newline character of the author's operating system
(http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.4/svn.advanced.props.file-portability.html#svn.advanced.props.special.eol-style).

There is also another important reason
for reducing the number of 'ineffective' modifications:
if several authors work on the same file,
the probability that the same line is modified by two or more authors
at the same time increases with the number of modified lines.
Hence, 'ineffective' modifications unnecessarily increase
the risk of conflicts (see section
[[LaTeX/Collaborative Writing of LaTeX Documents#Interchanging Documents|Interchanging Documents]]).

[[File:Kdiff3-modification.png|frame|right|Figure 2: Reviewing modifications in ''KDiff3'']]
Furthermore, version control systems
allow a very effective quality assurance measure:
all authors should critically review their own modifications
before they commit them to the repository
(see figure 2).
The differences between the user's working copy and the repository
can be easily inspected with a single ''Subversion'' command
or with one or two clicks in a graphical ''Subversion'' client.
Furthermore, authors should verify
that their code can be compiled flawlessly
before they commit their modifications to the repository.
Otherwise, the co-authors have to pay for these mistakes
when they want to compile the document.
However, this directive is not only reasonable for version control systems
but also for all other ways to interchange documents among authors.

''Subversion'' has a feature called 'Keyword Substitution'
that includes dynamic version information about a file
(e.g. the revision number or the last author)
into the contents of the file itself
(see e.g. http://svnbook.red-bean.com, chapter 3).
Sometimes, it is useful to include these information
not only as a comment in the LaTeX source code,
but also in the (compiled) DVI, PS, or PDF document.
This can be achieved with the LaTeX packages
''svn'' (http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/svn/),
''svninfo'' (http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/svninfo/),
or (preferably) ''svn-multi'' (http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/svn-multi/).

The most important directives for collaborative writing of LaTeX documents
with version control systems are summarised in the following box.

&lt;div style=&quot;border: 1px solid black; margin: 0.5em; padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
'''Directives for using LaTeX with version control systems'''
# Avoid 'ineffective' modifications.
# Do not change line breaks without good reason.
# Turn off automatic line wrapping of your LaTeX editor.
# Start each new sentence in a new line.
# Split long sentences into several lines so that each line has at most about 80 characters.
# Put only those files under version control that are directly modified by the user.
# Verify that your code can be compiled flawlessly before committing your modifications to the repository.
# Use ''Subversion'''s diff feature to critically review your modifications before committing them to the repository.
# Add a meaningful and descriptive comment when committing your modifications to the repository.
# Use the ''Subversion'' client for copying, moving, or renaming files and folders that are under revision control.
&lt;/div&gt;

If the users are willing to let go of the built-in ''diff'' utility of SVN and use ''diff'' tools that are local on their workstations, they can put to use such tools that are more tailored to text documents. The ''diff'' tool that comes with SVN was designed with source code in mind. As such, it is built to be more useful for files of short lines. Other tools, such as '''Compare It!''' allows to conveniently compare text files where each line can span hundreds of characters (such as when each line represents a paragraph). When using a ''diff'' tool that allows convenient views of files with long lines, the users can author the TeX files without a strict line-breaking policy.

=== Distributed revision-control mercurial (and git) ===
As stated in:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_version_control: In software
development, distributed version control (also known as distributed
revision control) is a form of version control where the complete
codebase – including its full history – is mirrored on every
developer's computer. This allows branching and merging to be managed
automatically, increases speeds of most operations (except for pushing
and pulling), improves the ability to work offline, and does not rely
on a single location for backups.

Software development author Joel Spolsky, described DVCS as &quot;possibly
the biggest advance in software development technology in the [past]
ten years.&quot;

The most popular DVCS are currently are
# git https://git-scm.com/ and
# mercurial https://www.mercurial-scm.org/

Although git is more popular and might be more suited for very large
software projects, mercurial has a couple of features which makes it
especially suited for scientific collaboration, based on LaTeX.

# It has besides the changeset hash a local revision number, which makes it easier to deal with different changesets.
# It has keyword expansion and is therefore suited to use rcs-multi.sty and other latex styles which add a version number in the footer, or header of the document.
# It has named branches, besides bookmarks, which are more intuitive if several branches are desired.
# It works flawlessly on all known OS.
# The GUI https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/TortoiseHg provides a intuitive interface.

==== Setting up mercurial (git) ====

The following instructions describe how to set up mercurial. The git set up would be very similar, almost identical, see for example
the git/mercurial rosetta stone:
https://github.com/sympy/sympy/wiki/Git-hg-rosetta-stone

For installation of mercurial in different OS see:
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/downloads

Mercurial is written and ships a wide variety of so called extensions,
which have to be enabled separately in the global .hgrc configuration file.

Here is an example:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;

# example config (see &quot;hg help config&quot; for more info)

[ui]
username = Joe Doe &lt;user@gmail.com&gt;

[extensions]
churn =
# Read the documentation of how to set up the notify extension, this
# extension is not needed if you use the bitbucket notify system
# notify = 
strip =
share = 
progress =
eol =
hgk =
hgext.bookmarks =
interhg =
rebase =
shelve =
purge =
record =
color =
keyword = 
hgext.fetch=
histedit = 

# Advanced extensions
# evolve = 
# hggit = 

# Minimal setting for keyword expansion.
[keyword]
**.tex =
[keywordmaps]
Author = {author|user}
Date = {date|utcdate}
Header = {root}/{file},v {node|short} {date|utcdate} {author|user}
Id = {file|basename},v {rev} {date|utcdate} {author|user} Exp {author|user}
# Other options
# Id = {file|basename},v {rev}{latesttag}.{latesttagdistance} {date|utcdate} {author|user} Exp {author|user}
# the problem with this is that adding a tag increases the rev number so that
# in the latex document the string is always v4.2 or 5.2 but never v4.1.
# Id = {file|basename},v {latesttag}.{latesttagdistance}[Hg:{rev}] {date|utcdate} {author|user} Exp {author|user}
# simplified version
# Id = {file|basename},v |Brch:{branches}|{latesttag}[Hg:{rev}] {date|utcdate} {author|user} Exp {author|user}
RCSFile = {file|basename},v
RCSfile = {file|basename},v
Revision = {node|short}
Source = {root}/{file},v

[hostfingerprints]
bitbucket.org.fingerprints=sha256:ae:ca:bf:83:41:14:55:8d:ea:70:ae:06:7d:ad:c0:44:77:6f:81:1a:c9:1e:d3:ab:f5:38:98:2b:07:4b:d4:70

[color]
custom.rev = red
custom.decorate = yellow
custom.date = green
custom.author = blue bold

[eol]
native = LF
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Setting up a template LaTeX directory ====

As said before, it is recommendable to use a modular approach for collaboration with LaTeX, using the subfile package.
A typical LaTeX template directory could look like this:
  -rw-r--r--  1 oub oub 254K Aug  7 21:15 bibfile.bib
  -rw-r--r--  1 oub oub  637 Aug 14 09:21 main.tex
  -rw-rw-r--  1 oub oub  576 Aug 14 09:21 sec1-main-result.tex
  -rw-rw-r--  1 oub oub  576 Aug 14 09:21 sec2-proof.tex

==== Creating a local mercurial repository ====

So in that directory one has to do (using Linux/MacOS, MS Windows would be similar):

&lt;code&gt;hg init&lt;/code&gt;

&lt;code&gt;hg addremove&lt;/code&gt;

&lt;code&gt;hg commit -m &quot;First commit&quot;&lt;/code&gt;

Optionally one could add a .hgignore file, which for LaTeX could look like this:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
syntax: glob
*.aux
*.toc
*.mw
*.backup
*.brf
*.tdo
*.bbl
*.blg
*.bib
*.el
*.log
*.dvi
*.nav
*.pdf
*.glo
*.idx
*.ilg
*.ind
*.nlo
*.nls
*.out
*.synctex.gz
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;code&gt;hg addremove&lt;/code&gt;

&lt;code&gt;hg commit -m &quot;Added .hgignore&quot;&lt;/code&gt;

So the directory would look like:
  drwxrwxr-x 11 oub oub 4.0K Aug 14 09:15 ..
  -rw-r--r--  1 oub oub 254K Aug  7 21:15 bibfile.bib
  drwxr-xr-x  4 oub oub 4.0K Aug 14 09:34 .hg
  -rw-r--r--  1 oub oub  215 Aug 14 09:31 .hgignore
  -rw-r--r--  1 oub oub  630 Aug 14 09:34 main.tex
  -rw-rw-r--  1 oub oub  568 Aug 14 09:34 sec1-main-result.tex
  -rw-rw-r--  1 oub oub  562 Aug 14 09:34 sec2-proof.tex

Now one can set up an empty bitbucket repository and invite the collaborators.

==== Bitbucket and Helix ====

I recommend to use a hosted mercurial repository, like bitbucket. For academic users bitbucket offers a more generous use (no restriction on the numbers of collaborators for example). So the recommended method is that all collaborators open a bitbucket account.

# Then one of the authors, who will work as a maintainer, creates a repository and pushes a template as a first version. The bitbucket website gives a nice explanation, but see also below for details.
# He shares the repository with the other collaborators.
# It is recommended that all collaborators set up the bitbucket notify system.
# The collaborators clone the repository: for example hg clone https://bitbucket.org/user/project1.
# The collaborators edit the files, commit, for example &lt;code&gt;hg commit -m &quot;Add Introduction&quot;&lt;/code&gt;
# Then they push &lt;code&gt;hg push&lt;/code&gt;
# The other collaborators are informed about the push and pull: &lt;code&gt;hg pull -u&lt;/code&gt;

However, as of first of August 2020 mercurial has shut down its access via mercurial. There are two alternatives

# 1 Stay with mercurial but use the hg-git plugin. That is possible   even for  for '''named''' branches, but requires some fiddling.

# Switch to Helix, this service is a bit less generous but still offers free repositories (1&amp;nbsp;GB free space+5 collaborators for each account). (https://info.perforce.com/try-perforce-helix-teamhub-free)

==== Get your local Mercurial repository on Bitbucket ====

This is copied from the bitbucket website.

*  Step 1: Switch to your repository's directory

&lt;code&gt;cd /path/to/your/repo&lt;/code&gt;
* Step 2: Connect your existing repository to Bitbucket

&lt;code&gt;hg push https://user@bitbucket.org/user/test&lt;/code&gt;
* Step 3: Update the default field of the repository's .hgrc file with its new url
&lt;code&gt;
[paths]
default = https://user@bitbucket.org/user/test&lt;/code&gt;

==== Workflow ====
So in a nutshell, the commands to be learned for most collaborators, save the maintainer are:

# hg clone https://bitbucket.org/user/project1
# hg commit -m &amp;quot;Commit message&amp;quot;
# hg push
# hg pull -u

It is also recommended to pull '''always''' before a push.

Then two things can happened.
*  Either nothing, there is no change upstream.

In which case

&lt;code&gt;hg log -G&lt;/code&gt;

looks like
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
@  changeset:   1:cd6ae8660e6f
|  tag:         tip
|  user:        Joe Doe &lt;user@gmail.com&gt;
|  date:        Thu Aug 09 22:17:47 2018 +0200
|  summary:     My second commit
|
o  changeset:   0:cb0b44f99bd2

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

* There is a a change upstream which you pulled in which case you now have a new head, which you should merge.

So in the second case

&lt;code&gt;hg log -G&lt;/code&gt;

Looks like:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;

o  changeset:   2:05548327a272
|  tag:         tip
|  parent:      0:cb0b44f99bd2
|  user:        John Smith &lt;user2@gmail.com&gt;
|  date:        Thu Aug 09 22:17:22 2018 +0200
|  summary:     My second commit
|
| @  changeset:   1:cd6ae8660e6f
|/   user:        Joe Doe  &lt;user@gmail.com&gt;
|    date:        Thu Aug 09 22:17:47 2018 +0200
|    summary:     My second commit
|
o  changeset:   0:cb0b44f99bd2

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So you should merge

&lt;code&gt;hg merge -r 2&lt;/code&gt;
and obtain
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
(branch merge, don't forget to commit)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
so
&lt;code&gt;hg log -G&lt;/code&gt;

gives
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
@    changeset:   3:df2f1f46a80c
|\   tag:         tip
| |  parent:      1:cd6ae8660e6f
| |  parent:      2:05548327a272
| |  user:        Joe Doe &lt;user@gmail.com&gt;
| |  date:        Thu Aug 09 22:20:44 2018 +0200
| |  summary:     Merged successfully
| |
| o  changeset:   2:05548327a272
| |  parent:      0:cb0b44f99bd2
| |  user:        John Smith &lt;user2@example.com&gt;
| |  date:        Thu Aug 09 22:17:22 2018 +0200
| |  summary:     My second commit
| |
o |  changeset:   1:cd6ae8660e6f
|/   user:        Joe Doe &lt;user@gmail.com&gt;
|    date:        Thu Aug 09 22:17:47 2018 +0200
|    summary:     My second commit
|
o  changeset:   0:cb0b44f99bd2

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Merging of conflicting changesets should be left to the maintainer.

== Real-Time Collaborative Writing ==

Several options are available:

* Overleaf (and sharelatex now part of overleaf) is a web-based real-time collaborative editor
* Bluelatex is a web-based real-time collaboratitve editor written in Scala
* Cocalc (formerly SageMathCloud) has a collaborative LaTeX editor
* Autheora is a web-based real-time collaborative editor
* Papeera is a web-based real-time collaborative editor

The advantage of this approach is that no additional software is
needed, the disadvantage is the one cannot use, easily, his or her
favorite LaTeX editor. That is why almost all of these services allow
access via git (for which git or mercurial+hg-git plugin) needs to be
installed.

These services were almost free a couple of years ago; now, however
only very basic features are free of charge, the following table
specifies this a bit more.

{| class=wikitable

|-
|Name
|collarborators
|documents
|access via  git (or mercurial)

|-

|-
|authorea
|no restrictions
|free of charge only for 3 documents
|yes

|-
|overleaf
|only one author
|no restrictions
|yes

|-
|papeeria
|no restrictions
|no restrictions
|only for public repositories

|-
|
|
|
|in the free version

|}

== Managing collaborative bibliographies ==

Writing of scientific articles, reports, and books requires
the citation of all relevant sources.
BibTeX is an excellent tool for citing references and creating bibliographies
(Markey 2005, Fenn 2006).
Many different BibTeX styles can be found
on CTAN (http://www.ctan.org)
and on the LaTeX Bibliography Styles Database
(http://jo.irisson.free.fr/bstdatabase/).
If no suitable BibTeX style can be found,
most desired styles can be conveniently assembled with
''custombib''/''makebst''
(http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/custom-bib/).
Furthermore, BibTeX style files can be created or modified manually;
however this action requires knowledge of the (unnamed) postfix stack language
that is used in BibTeX style files
(Patashnik 1988).

At our department, we have a common bibliographic data base
in the BibTeX format (.bib file).
It resides in our common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree
(see section 'Hosting LaTeX files in ''Subversion''')
in the subdirectory &lt;tt&gt;/bibtex/bib/&lt;/tt&gt;
(see figure 1).
Hence, all users can specify this bibliography by only using the file name
(without the full path) ---
no matter where the user's working copy of the common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree
is located.

All users edit our bibliographic data base
with the graphical BibTeX editor ''JabRef''
(http://www.jabref.org).
As ''JabRef'' is written in ''Java'',
it runs on all major operating systems.
As different versions of ''JabRef'' generally
save files in a slightly different way
(e.g. by introducing line breaks at different positions),
all users should use the same (e.g. last stable) version of ''JabRef''.
Otherwise, there would be many differences
between different versions of &lt;tt&gt;.bib&lt;/tt&gt; files
that solely originate from using different version of ''JabRef''.
Hence, it would be hard to find the real differences
between the compared documents.
Furthermore, the probability of conflicts would be much higher
(see section 'Subversion really makes the difference').
As ''JabRef'' saves the BibTeX data base with the native newline character
of the author's operating system,
it is recommended to add the ''Subversion'' property 'svn:eol-style' and set it to 'native'
(see section 'Subversion really makes the difference').

[[File:JabRef-KeyPattern.png|frame|right|Figure 3:
Specify default key pattern in ''JabRef'']]
''JabRef'' is highly flexible
and can be configured in many details.
We make the following changes to the default configuration
of ''JabRef'' to simplify our work.
First, we specify the default pattern for BibTeX keys
so that ''JabRef'' can automatically generate keys
in our desired format.
This can be done by selecting
&lt;tt&gt;Options&lt;/tt&gt;
→ &lt;tt&gt;Preferences&lt;/tt&gt;
→ &lt;tt&gt;Key pattern&lt;/tt&gt;
and modifying the desired pattern in the field
&lt;tt&gt;Default pattern&lt;/tt&gt;.
For instance, we use &lt;tt&gt;[auth:lower][shortyear]&lt;/tt&gt;
to get the last name of the first author in lower case
and the last two digits of the year of the publication
(see figure 3).

[[File:JabRef-GeneralFields.png|frame|right|Figure 4:
Set up general fields in ''JabRef'']]
Second, we add the BibTeX field &lt;tt&gt;location&lt;/tt&gt; for information
about the location,
where the publication is available as hard copy
(e.g. a book or a copy of an article).
This field can contain the name of the user who has the hard copy
and where he has it or the name of a library and the shelf-mark.
This field can be added in ''JabRef'' by selecting
&lt;tt&gt;Options&lt;/tt&gt;
→ &lt;tt&gt;Set up general fields&lt;/tt&gt;
and adding the word &lt;tt&gt;location&lt;/tt&gt;
(using the semicolon (&lt;tt&gt;;&lt;/tt&gt;) as delimiter)
somewhere in the line that starts with &lt;tt&gt;General:&lt;/tt&gt;
(see figure 4).

[[File:JabRef-ExternalPrograms.png|frame|right|Figure 5:
Specify 'Main PDF directory' in ''JabRef'']]
Third, we put all PDF files of publications in a specific
subdirectory in our file server,
where we use the BibTeX key as file name.
We inform ''JabRef'' about this subdirectory
by selecting
&lt;tt&gt;Options&lt;/tt&gt;
→ &lt;tt&gt;Preferences&lt;/tt&gt;
→ &lt;tt&gt;External programs&lt;/tt&gt;
and adding the path of the this subdirectory
in the field &lt;tt&gt;Main PDF directory&lt;/tt&gt;
(see figure 5).
If a PDF file of a publication is available,
the user can push the &lt;tt&gt;Auto&lt;/tt&gt; button
left of ''JabRef'''s &lt;tt&gt;Pdf&lt;/tt&gt; field
to automatically add the file name of the PDF file.
Now, all users who have access to the file server
can open the PDF file of a publication
by simply clicking on ''JabRef'''s PDF icon.

If we send the LaTeX source code of a project
to a journal, publisher, or somebody else
who has no access to our common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree,
we do not include our entire bibliographic data base,
but extract the relevant entries with
the Perl script ''aux2bib'' (http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/biblio/bibtex/utils/bibtools/aux2bib).

== Conclusion ==

This wikibook describes a possible way
to efficiently organise the collaborative preparation
of LaTeX documents.
The presented solution is based on the
''Subversion'' version control system
and several other software tools and LaTeX packages.
However, there are still a few issues
that can be improved.

First, we plan that all users install
the same LaTeX distribution.
As the ''TeX Live'' distribution (http://www.tug.org/texlive/)
is available both for Unix and MS Windows operating systems,
we might recommend our users to switch to this LaTeX distribution
in the future.
(Currently, our users have different LaTeX distributions
that provide a different selection of LaTeX packages
and different versions of some packages.
We solve this problem by providing some packages on
our common &lt;tt&gt;texmf&lt;/tt&gt; tree.)

Second, we consider to simplify
the solution for a common bibliographic data base.
Currently it is based on the
version control system ''Subversion'',
the graphical BibTeX editor ''JabRef'',
and a file server for the PDF files of publications in the data base.
The usage of three different tools for one task
is rather challenging for infrequent users
and users that are not familiar with these tools.
Furthermore, the file server can be only accessed by local users.
Therefore, we consider to implement an integrated server solution
like ''WIKINDX'' (http://wikindx.sourceforge.net/),
''Aigaion'' (http://www.aigaion.nl/),
or ''refBASE'' (http://refbase.sourceforge.net/).
Using this solution only requires a computer with internet access
and a web browser,
which makes the usage of our data base considerably easier
for infrequent users.
Moreover, the stored PDF files are available
not only from within the department,
but throughout the world.
(Depending on the copy rights of the stored PDF files,
the access to the server
--- or least the access to the PDF files ---
has to be restricted to members of the department.)
Even Non-LaTeX users of our department might benefit
from a server-based solution,
because it should be easier to use this bibliographic data base
in (other) word processing software packages,
because these servers provide the data not only in BibTeX format,
but also in other formats.

All readers are encouraged to contribute to this wikibook
by adding further hints or ideas
or by providing further solutions to the problem
of collaborative writing of LaTeX documents.

== Acknowledgements ==

Arne Henningsen thanks Francisco Reinaldo and Géraldine Henningsen
for comments and suggestions
that helped him to improve and clarify this paper,
Karsten Heymann for many hints and advices regarding LaTeX, BibTeX,
and ''Subversion'',
and Christian Henning as well as his colleagues
for supporting his intention to establish LaTeX
and ''Subversion'' at their department.

== References ==
*Fenn, Jürgen (2006): Managing citations and your bibliography with BibTeX. The PracTEX Journal, 4. http://www.tug.org/pracjourn/2006-4/fenn/.

*Markey, Nicolas (2005): Tame the BeaST. The B to X of BibTeX. http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/bibtex/tamethebeast/ttb_en.pdf. Version 1.3.

*Oren Patashnik. Designing BibTeX styles. http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/btxhak.pdf.

*[http://mathoverflow.net/questions/3044/tools-for-collaborative-paper-writing Tools for collaborative paper-writing]

&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{LaTeX/Bottom|Modular Documents|Export To Other Formats}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:50:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448821</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7326" sha1="o8vyo0v0vdwsrevc1sdwo5x14q2fyk1" xml:space="preserve">{{Control Systems/Page|State Feedback|Adaptive Control}}

== Estimators and Observers ==

A problem arises in which the internal states of many systems cannot be directly observed, and therefore state feedback is not possible. What we can do is try to design a separate system, known as an '''observer''' or an '''estimator''' that attempts to duplicate the values of the state vector of the plant, except in a way that is observable for use in state feedback. Some literature calls these components &quot;observers&quot;, although they do not strictly observe the state directly. Instead, these devices use mathematical relations to try and determine an estimate of the state. Therefore, we will use the term &quot;estimator&quot;, although the terms may be used interchangeably.

=== Creating an Estimator ===

There are several observer structures including Kalman's, sliding mode, high gain, Tau's, extended, cubic and linear observers. To illustrate the basics of observer design, consider a linear observer used to estimate the state of a linear system. Notice that we know the ''A'', ''B'', ''C'', and ''D'' matrices of our plant, so we can use these exact values in our estimator. We know the input to the system, we know the output of the system, and we have the system matrices of the system. What we do not know, necessarily, are the initial conditions of the plant. What the estimator tries to do is make the estimated state vector approach the actual state vector quickly, and then mirror the actual state vector. We do this using the following system for an observer:

:&lt;math&gt;\hat{x}' = A\hat{x} + Bu + L(y - \hat{y})&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\hat{y} = C\hat{x} + Du&lt;/math&gt;

''L'' is a matrix that we define that will help drive the error to zero, and therefore drive the estimate to the actual value of the state. We do this by taking the difference between the plant output and the estimator output.

[[Image:State Feedback with Estimator.svg|center|500px]]

In order to make the estimator state approach the plant state, we need to define a new additional state vector called ''state error signal'' &lt;math&gt;e_x(t)&lt;/math&gt;. We define this error signal as:

:&lt;math&gt;e_x(t) = x - \hat{x}&lt;/math&gt;

and its derivative:

:&lt;math&gt;e_x'(t) = x' - \hat{x}'&lt;/math&gt;

We can show that the error signal will satisfy the following relationship:

:&lt;math&gt;e_x'(t) = Ax + Bu - (A\hat{x} + Bu + L(y - \hat{y}))&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;e_x'(t) = A(x- \hat{x}) - L(Cx - C\hat{x})&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;e_x'(t) = (A - LC)e_x(t)&lt;/math&gt;

We know that if the eigenvalues of the matrix ''(A - LC)'' all have negative real parts that:

:&lt;math&gt;e_x(t) = e^{(A - LC)(t-t_0)}e_x(t_0) \to 0 &lt;/math&gt; when &lt;math&gt; t \to \infty&lt;/math&gt;.
This &lt;math&gt;e_x(\infty) = 0&lt;/math&gt; means that the difference between the state of the plant &lt;math&gt;x(t)&lt;/math&gt; and the estimated state of the observer &lt;math&gt;\hat{x}(t)&lt;/math&gt; tends to fade as time approaches infinity.

=== Separation Principle ===

We have two equations:

:&lt;math&gt;e_x[k + 1] = (A - LC)e_x[k]&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;x[k + 1] = (A - BK)x[k] + BK \cdot e_x[k]&lt;/math&gt;

We can combine them into a single system of equations to represent the entire system:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{bmatrix}e_x[k + 1] \\ x[k + 1]\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}A - LC &amp; 0 \\ +BK &amp; A - BK\end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix}e_x[k] \\ x[k]\end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

We can find the characteristic equation easily using the '''separation principle'''. We take the Z-Transform of this digital system, and take the determinant of the coefficient matrix to find the characteristic equation. The characteristic equation of the whole system is: (remember the well known &lt;math&gt;(zI-A)^{-1}&lt;/math&gt;)

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{vmatrix}zI - A + LC &amp; 0 \\ -BK &amp; zI - A + BK\end{vmatrix} = |zI - A + LC| |zI - A + BK|&lt;/math&gt;

Notice that the determinant of the large matrix can be broken down into the product of two smaller determinants. The first determinant is clearly the characteristic equation of the estimator, and the second is clearly the characteristic equation of the plant. Notice also that we can design the ''L'' and ''K'' matrices independently of one another.

It is worth mentioning that if the order of the system is ''n'', this characteristic equation (full-order state observer plus original system) becomes of order ''2n'' and so has twice the number of roots of the original system.

=== The L Matrix ===

You should select the ''L'' matrix in such a way that the error signal is driven towards zero as quickly as possible. The transient response of the estimator, that is the amount of time it takes the error to approximately reach zero, should be significantly shorter than the transient response of the plant. The poles of the estimator should be, by rule of thumb, at least 2-6 times faster than the poles of your plant. As we know from our study of classical controls, to make a pole faster we need to:

;S-Domain:Move them further away from the imaginary axis (in the Left Half Plane!).
;Z-Domain:Move them closer to the origin.

Notice that in these situations, the faster poles of the estimator will have less effect on the system, and we say that the plant poles dominate the response of the system.
The estimator gain ''L'' can be computed using the dual of '''Ackerman's formula''' for selecting the gain ''K'' of the state feedback controller:

:&lt;math&gt;L = \alpha_e(z)Q\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\\ \vdots \\1\end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

Where ''Q'' is the observability matrix of the plant, and &amp;alpha;&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt; is the characteristic equation of your estimator.

This can be computed in MATLAB with the following command:

{{Matlab CMD|acker}}
 L=acker(A', C', K)';

where L is the estimator gain and K is the poles for the estimator.

=== Composite System ===

Once we have our ''L'' and ''K'' matrices, we can put these together into a single composite system equation for the case of state-feedback and zero input:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{bmatrix}x[n + 1]\\ \bar{x}[n+1]\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} A &amp; -BK \\ LH &amp; A - BK - LH\end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix}x[n] \\ \bar{x}[n]\end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;u[n] = -K \bar{x}[n]&lt;/math&gt;

Taking the Z-Transform of this discrete system and solving for an input-output relation gives us:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{U(z)}{Y(z)} = -K[zI - A + BK +L C]^{-1}L&lt;/math&gt;

Notice that this is not the same as the transfer function, because the input is on top of the fraction and the output is on bottom. To get the transfer function from this equation we need to take the inverse of both sides. The determinant of this inverse will then be the characteristic equation of the composite system.

Notice that this equation gives us the ability to derive the system input that created the particular output. This will be valuable later.

== Reduced-Order Observers ==

In many systems, at least one state variable can be either measured directly, or calculated easily from the output. This can happen in the case where the ''C'' matrix has only a single non-zero entry per system output.

If one or more state variables can be measured or observed directly, the system only requires a '''reduced-order observer''', that is an observer that has a lower order than the plant. The reduced order observer can estimate the unmeasurable states, and a direct feedback path can be used to obtain the measured state values.

{{Control Systems/Nav|State Feedback|Adaptive Control}}


{{Control Systems/Stub}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Past LSAT Explained/PrepTest 51</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>133535</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448985</id>
      <parentid>4346193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:44:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448985</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9640" sha1="fzf5umvoudin0vp2w8lfn30v8r9fekh" xml:space="preserve">The December 2006 LSAT
Form
The experimental section appeared in Section 1. 

==Section I Logical Reasoning==
22 questions  
Princeton Review rated the difficulty of this section as similar to that of Games sections that have appeared on exams within the past year. 

The first game concerned the colors of a clown’s jacket and overalls. Two arrangements were possible: Either the jacket had three colors and the overalls one color, or the jacket had a single color and the overalls two colors. 

The second game involved ranking six hotel suites in order from most to least expensive. 

The third game asked test takers to determine in what order seven songs were placed on a CD and whether each song was new or classic. 

In the last game, you had to determine the order of delivery for eight parcels based on clues that specified the relative order of the elements. 

===Question 01===
===Question 02===
===Question 03===
===Question 04===
===Question 05===
===Question 06===
===Question 07===
===Question 08===
===Question 09===
===Question 10===
===Question 11===
===Question 12===
===Question 13===
===Question 14===
===Question 15===
===Question 16===
===Question 17===
===Question 18===
===Question 19===
===Question 20===
===Question 21===
===Question 22===
===Question 23===
===Question 24===
===Question 25===
===Question 26===

==Section II Reading Comprehension==
This section was easier than those on other recent exams. 

'''Passage 1 Humanity''' (easiest)
Topic: The difficulties critics have classifying Mphahlele’s works
* [[w:en:Ezekiel Mphahlele|Ezekiel Mphahlele]]

'''Passage 2 Natural Science''' (medium)
Topic: Reviewing Theories and Evidence related to Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), a period approximately 4 billion years ago during which the Moon, Earth, Mercury, Venus, and Mars were subjected to many impacts from space
* [[w:en:Late Heavy Bombardment|Late Heavy Bombardment]]

'''Passage 3 Social Science''' (medium)
Topic: communication specialists’ views on how foreign television programming influences cultures

'''Passage 4 Law''' hardest
Topic: The use of artificial intelligence programs in the practice of law
* [[w:en:Artificial intelligence|Artificial intelligence]]

===Question 01===
===Question 02===
===Question 03===
===Question 04===
===Question 05===
===Question 06===
===Question 07===
===Question 08===
===Question 09===
===Question 10===
===Question 11===
===Question 12===
===Question 13===
===Question 14===
===Question 15===
===Question 16===
===Question 17===
===Question 18===
===Question 19===
===Question 20===
===Question 21===
===Question 22===
===Question 23===
===Question 24===
===Question 25===
===Question 26===
===Question 27===
===Question 28===

==Section III Logical Reasoning==
===Question 01===
===Question 02===
===Question 03===
===Question 04===
===Question 05===
===Question 06===
===Question 07===
===Question 08===
===Question 09===
===Question 10===
===Question 11===
===Question 12===
===Question 13===
===Question 14===
===Question 15===
===Question 16===
===Question 17===
===Question 18===
===Question 19===
===Question 20===
===Question 21===
===Question 22===
===Question 23===
===Question 24===

==Section IV Analytical Reasoning==
===Question 01===

A clown will select a costume consisting of two pieces and no others: a jacket and overalls. One piece of the costume will be entirely one color, and the other piece will be 
plaid. Selection is subject to the following regulations:

If the jacket is plaid, then there must be exactly three colors in it.
If the overalls are plaid, then there must be exactly two colors in them.
The jacket and overalls must have exactly one color in common.
Green, red and violet are the only colors that can be in the jacket.
Red, violet, and yellow are the only colors that can be in the overalls.

We can diagram all of the possibilites:

&lt;pre&gt;
Plaid Jacket                Plaid Overalls&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;u&gt;G&lt;/u&gt; &lt;u&gt;R&lt;/u&gt; &lt;u&gt;V&lt;/u&gt;            &lt;u&gt;R/V&lt;/u&gt; &lt;u&gt;Y&lt;/u&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;Solid Jacket                Solid Overalls&lt;/pre&gt;
   &lt;u&gt;G/R/V&lt;/u&gt;                       &lt;u&gt;R/V/Y&lt;/u&gt;

===Question 02===
===Question 03===
===Question 04===
===Question 05===
===Question 06===
&lt;pre&gt;Six hotel suites--F, G, H, J, K, L--are ranked from most expensive (first) to least expensive
(sixth). There are no ties. The ranking must be consistent with the following conditions:

H is more expensive than L.
If G is more expensive than H, then neither K nor L is more expensive than J.
If H is more expensive than G, then neither J nor L is more expensive than K.
F is more expensive than G, or else F is more expensive than H, but not both.

This convoluted question consists of two scenarios based on the following constraints defining 
which room is the most expensive (Most expensive always to the left):

H &gt; L
if G &gt; H then J &gt; K
if G &gt; H then J &gt; L
if H &gt; G then K &gt; J
if H &gt; G then K &gt; L
F &gt; G / F &gt; H
F is never greater than G and H (F is always between G and H)

The constraints can be diagrammed into two diagrams as follows (Where those letters further to the
left are more expensive than the letters to the right connected either with a &quot;-&quot; or a &quot;/&quot; or a
&quot;\&quot;. The ellipses denote that it cannot be determined from the constraints what comes after a 
particular letter, and letters on different lines who are not connected can also not be said to be 
more or less expensive than one another unless they are directly connected through either one or a 
series of lines from left to right.):

1)

...G - F - H - L...
              /
          ...J - K...

2)
...H - F - G...
    \
     L...
    /
...K - J...


Thus when we examine all of the choices in question six against the two diagrams, we find that the
only possible answer is:

B. (H, K, F, J, G, L)&lt;/pre&gt;

===Question 07===

Using the diagram from Question 6 above...

If G is the second most expensive suite, then which one of the following could be true?

The question states that G is the second most expensive suite. Looking at our two diagrams, we can see that only in the first diagram can G be the second-most expensive suite (remember expense is left to right, more expensive to less). That being said, we can quickly compare each of the answers to the first diagram. The only possibility is

C. (K is more expensive than F)

because while our lines denote that K must be less expensive than J, we do not know anything about the relation of the second line of the diagram to the first except that J is less expensive than L. This allows J to fall anywhere on the continuum so long as it does not fall to the right of L. While K must come after J, there is no problem with J and K falling to the left of F in the first diagram.

===Question 08===

Using the diagram from question 6...

Which one of the following CANNOT be the most expensive suite?

This question could be answered independently from the diagrams based only on the final constraint. &quot;F is more expensive than G, or else (in the event that it is less expensive than G) F is more expensive than H, but not both.

We can take this to mean that F is always situated between G and H in some fashion, meaning that it will never be the most expensive suite in any situation.

A. (F)

===Question 09===

Using the diagram from question 6...

If L is more expensive than F, then which of the following could be true?

Only in diagram 2 can L be more expensive than F because in the first diagram L must be less expensive than H which is less expensive than F. Therefore, we are to use our second diagram to answer this question.

Because J is not in any way directly connected to L (which now falls between H and F), it is entirely possible for G and J to be interchangeable as the least expensive suite. Therefore, it is entirely &lt;u&gt;possible&lt;/u&gt; for G to be more expensive than J.

D. (G is more expensive than J)

===Question 10===

Using the diagram from question 6...

If H is more expensive than J and less expensive than K, then which one of the following could be true?

Only in diagram two is it possible for H to be simultaneously more expensive than J and less expensive than K, because K can move indefinitely to the left, and J can move indefinitely to the right. Therefore, we are to use our second diagram.

Knowing that K is more expensive (farther to the left) than H, we can plausibly form the chains KHJLFG or KHLJFG. Only the first 4 letters are relevant to the question, and given the question's constraint, we can see that it is possible to get the answer

D. (J is more expensive than L)

===Question 11===
===Question 12===
===Question 13===
The answer to this question requires all the clues.

You know every rock song must have new composition track before it (rule 5). Therefore, track 5 must be a new composition because, as stated in rule 4, track 6 is a rock classic. 

You also can conclude track 7 is a new composition because it would be impossible for track 7 to be a rock classic. For track 7 to be a rock classic, track 6 must be a new composition (rule 5). Because track 6 is a rock classic and not a new composition (rule 4), track 7 is a new composition.

So! So far, we know tracks 5 and 7 are new compositions and track 6 is a rock classic.

We know that VXZ (in some order) must be tracks 5-7 (rules 1-3). According to rule 6, Z is a rock classic. Therefore, both V and X must be new compositions. 

Lucky X is choice D.

===Question 14===
===Question 15===
===Question 16===
===Question 17===
===Question 18===
===Question 19===
===Question 20===
===Question 21===
===Question 22===
===Question 23===
===Question 24===
===Question 25===
===Question 26===

[[{{BOOKCATEGORY}}|51]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Peanut Butter Pie</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>139266</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448951</id>
      <parentid>4423574</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:46:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448951</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1977" sha1="45tx08qf8lr752i6mmkovkh3cxbhs45" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|Pie recipes|8|2½ hours total|3}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Cuisine of the United States|American cuisine]] | [[Cookbook:Vegetarian cuisine|vegetarian cuisine]] | [[Cookbook:Holiday Recipes|Holiday Recipes]] | [[Cookbook:Dessert|Dessert]]
==Ingredients==
* 8 [[Cookbook:Ounce|ounces]] [[Cookbook:Cream Cheese|cream cheese]], at room temperature
* 1 [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] plus 2 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoons]] [[Cookbook:Peanut Butter|smooth peanut butter]] 
* ½ cup white [[Cookbook:Sugar|sugar]]
* 12 ounces (about 4½ cups) non-dairy [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]]
* 1 prepared chocolate [[Cookbook:Crumb Crust|cookie pie shell]]
* 1 jar (11.75 ounces) plus 2 tablespoons hot fudge topping

==Procedure==
# In a medium bowl, stir together cream cheese, peanut butter and sugar.
# Carefully stir in 3 cups of the whipped topping.
# Spoon into pie shell.
# Softly spread mixture to edges of the pie shell.
# Put all but 2 tablespoons of hot fudge topping in a microwave-safe container and [[Cookbook:Microwave|microwave]] for 60 seconds. 
# Spread hot fudge topping over peanut butter mixture in pie shell to cover.
# Place in refrigerator for 2 hours.
# Spread remaining ~1½ cups whipped topping carefully over top of refrigerated pie.
# Knead last 2 ounces of hot fudge topping in plastic bag and cut off a corner and drizzle over top of pie.
# Knead last 2 ounces of peanut butter in plastic bag and cut off a corner and drizzle over top in an artful pattern.

[[Category:Inexpensive recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:United States recipes]]
[[Category:Chocolate recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Peanut butter recipes]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Baking recipes]]
[[Category:Refrigerated recipes]]
[[Category:Pie and tart recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:White sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Cream cheese recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Cherry Delight</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>140581</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448955</id>
      <parentid>4448332</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:47:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448955</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1546" sha1="g191p1jv2r1nzphk0xfviok7mrp9vkr" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__{{Recipe summary
| Category = Dessert recipes
| Difficulty = 1
}}

{{recipe}}

== Ingredients ==

=== Crust ===
* 2 packages [[Cookbook:Graham Cracker|graham crackers]], crushed to fine crumbs
* 2 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|Tbsp]] [[Cookbook:Sugar|sugar]]
* ¾ cup melted [[Cookbook:Margarine|margarine]]

=== Cheesecake mixture ===
* 1 large package of [[Cookbook:Cream Cheese|cream cheese]]
* 1½ cup [[Cookbook:Powdered Sugar|powdered sugar]]
* 2 packages [[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|whipped cream]] or [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|Dream Whip (frozen non-dairy topping)]]
* 1 can cherry pie filling

== Procedure ==
# Combine graham cracker crumbs, sugar, and melted margarine. Press this mixture into a large [[Cookbook:Pyrex|pyrex]] [[Cookbook:Pie and Tart Pans|pie dish]] to make a crust.
# [[Cookbook:Baking|Bake]] crust for 8 minutes at 325°F (160°C). Let cool completely.
# [[Cookbook:Beating|Beat]] cream cheese and powdered sugar together.
# Prepare the whipped topping according to directions (if necessary).
# [[Cookbook:Folding|Fold]] the whipped topping into the cream cheese mixture. Place this mixture into the cooled crust, and smooth the top.
# Top with cherry pie filling.

[[Category:Cheesecake recipes]]
[[Category:Cherry recipes]]
[[Category:Baking recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Powdered sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using whipped cream]]
[[Category:Cream cheese recipes]]
[[Category:Crumb crust recipes]]
[[Category:Graham cracker recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Volvo/VIN Codes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>142027</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448938</id>
      <parentid>4448473</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:29:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Position 6- 7: Engine Code 1981-2009 */</comment>
      <origin>4448938</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="43132" sha1="pacdokgd0by66quud511c7ugcmkvjaf" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
[[w:Volvo Cars|Volvo Cars]] uses the following [[w:Vehicle identification number|VIN]] codes and formats:

This VIN number decoding and designation system is used primarily for the North American Market.
European and Asian markets use other decoding and designation systems.

Volvo Car Corporation is a registered Swedish based company that was owned by parent group Ford Motor Company as part of its Premier Automotive Group from 1999 until 2010 when Ford Motor Company sold it to Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co., Ltd. The Volvo Car Corp still has concerns with its past parent AB Volvo when it comes to vehicle safety systems, crash testing, engines, ocean races, and some parts. The Volvo name, trademark, and logo are owned by Volvo Trademark Holding AB, which is jointly owned by Volvo Car Corp. and Volvo AB.

Volvo Car Corp. uses World Manufacturer Identifiers beginning with YV for most European-built vehicles.

== Volvo VIN History and Updates==
The Volvo Cars group started using a standard VIN pattern in 1975 on the 164 and 240 series vehicles. Since the VIN specification had not been defined yet, the codes are a somewhat different configuration than modern VIN codes yet still contain much of the same information. The most distinguishable features are the 2 character manufacturer identifier &quot;VC&quot; and 15 character length.

At least European models of 240 series prior to 1981 may have a VIN with 13 characters, or even 12 characters, in this case VIN omitting one number where a two-number motor code should be, right before the year-of-manufacture-letter (B, E, H, L, M for years 1975-1979, respectively). Examples in the internet often prefix the VIN with &quot;VC&quot; or &quot;YV&quot;, but this is not always present in these older models. 

In 1981 Volvo changed the VIN pattern in accordance with the ISO Standard 3779 for vehicle VIN numbers. Volvo cars sold in North America from 1981 to 1991 had a VIN pattern that is slightly different than Volvo cars produced after 1991. The most significant changes in the post 1991 VIN were the 5th and 8th position characters. The 5th character was changed from representing the safety equipment to represent the body style and safety equipment. This also helped ease the integration of front wheel drive configurations (850 series) into the existing VIN pattern. It seems likely that the old (81-91) position 8 character was combined with the position 5 codes in 1992 which resulted in new codes in the 5th character position. This left the 8th character position open to represent the engine emission control setup. 

With the discontinuation of the rear wheel drive models, Ford acquisition, and new series designations (C, S and V series and later XC) in 1999, Volvo VIN patterns changed again. The main change came again to the 5th character representing body style and safety equipment. After 1998 the 5th character changed to represent the vehicle platform. While the information being represented by the character position was somewhat backwards compatible with the codes used prior to 1999, it should be considered representational of a different data set. After 1999 the 4th character should also be considered representational of a new data set for vehicle code to with the change of series designations.

In 2008 the U.S. National Highway Transportation and Safety Administration decided to change the structure of the VIN pattern. For model year 2010 and forward all cars with market code 31 and 39 (USA and Canada) position 4-5 change places with position 6-8 (i.e. 12345678 becomes 12367845).

==Position 1 - 3: World Manufacturer Identifier==
*YV1 = Passenger Cars (includes Volvo S40/V40 made by NedCar BV)
*YV2 = Trucks
*YV3 = Buses
*YV4 = Multipurpose Passenger Vehicle 
*YV5 = Trucks - Incomplete Vehicle
*XLB = passenger cars built by Volvo Car BV / NedCar BV (300-series and 400-series)
*LVY = Passenger Cars made in Daqing, China
*LYV = Passenger Cars &amp; Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles made in Chengdu &amp; Luqiao District of Taizhou, China
*PNV = Passenger Cars made in Malaysia
*7JD = Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles made in USA
*7JR = Passenger Cars made in USA

*MHA = PT. Central Sole Agency

==Position 4: Vehicle Code 1981-2009==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
!  !!'''[1981-1997]'''!!'''[1998-2009]'''
|-
|'''A'''||240 (1981-1993)||S80 (2007-2009)
|-
|'''B'''||260 (1981-1982)||V70, XC70 (2008-2009)
|-
|'''C'''|| ||XC90 (2003-2009)
|-
|'''D'''||760 sedan (1983-85), 740 sedan (1985) 
|-
|'''E'''||480 (Not in N. America)|| 
|-
|'''F'''||740 wagon (1985), 740 sedan &amp; wagon (1986-1992)||
|-
|'''G'''||760 wagon (1985), 760 sedan &amp; wagon (1986-1990)|| 
|-
|'''H'''||780 Coupe (1987-1991)|| 
|-
|'''J'''||940 (GL/GLE/Turbo) (1991-1995)|| 
|-
|'''K'''||940 SE (1991), 960 (1992-Early 1997), S90, V90 (Mid 1997)||S90, V90 (1998)
|-
|'''K'''||440 (Not in N. America)||
|-
|'''L'''||850 (1993-1997)||S70, V70 (1998-2000)
|-
|'''L'''||460 (Not in N. America)||
|-
|'''M'''|| ||S40 [2nd gen.] (Mid 2004-2009), V50 (2005-2009),&lt;br&gt; C30 (Canada: 2007, US &amp; Canada: 2008-2009), C70 (2006-2009)
|-
|'''N'''|| ||C70 (1998-2004)
|-
|'''R'''|| ||S60 (2001-2009)
|-
|'''S'''|| ||V70 (2001-2007), XC70 (2003-2007)
|-
|'''T'''|| ||S80 (1999-2006)
|-
|'''V'''|| ||S40 [1st gen.] (2000-Early 2004), V40 (2000-2004)
|-
|}

==Position 7: Vehicle Code 2010-==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
!  !!'''[2010-]'''
|-
|'''A'''||S80 (2010-2014), S80 2wd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''A'''||S90 T5 2wd (2017-2019), S90 T8 PHEV Awd (2018-2024), S90 (2025-)
|-
|'''B'''||V70 (2010), XC70 (2010-2014), XC70 2wd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''B'''||C40 Recharge [EV] Rwd (2024), EC40 [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''C'''||XC90 (2010-2014)
|-
|'''C'''||XC90 7-seat 2wd (2016-2022), XC90 7-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2019-2024)
|-
|'''D'''||XC60 (2010-2014), XC60 2wd (2015-2017)
|-
|'''D'''||XC60 T8 PHEV Awd (2018-2024), XC60 T5 2wd (2019-2021), XC60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-2024), XC60 B5 2wd (2022-2023)
|-
|'''E'''||V60 2wd (2015-2021), V60 T8/Recharge PHEV Awd (Canada: 2020-2023), V60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-)
|-
|'''F'''||S60 (2011-2014), S60 2wd (2015-2018), S60 Inscription (LWB) 2wd (2016)
|-
|'''F'''||S60 2wd (2019-), S60 T8 PHEV Awd (2019-), S60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-2023)
|-
|'''G'''||V90 2wd (2018-2021)
|-
|'''G'''||C40 Recharge P8 [EV] Awd (2022-2023), C40 Recharge [EV] Awd (2024)
|-
|'''G'''||S60 B5 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''H'''||V60 Cross Country Awd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''H'''||S60 Inscription (LWB) 2wd (2017-2018)
|-
|'''H'''||XC40 T4 2wd (2019-2022), XC40 B4 2wd (2023), XC40 Recharge [EV] Rwd (2024), EX40 [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''J'''||XC90 6-seat B6 Awd (2024), XC90 6-seat (2025-)
|-
|'''K'''||XC90 5-seat 2wd (2016-2018), XC90 5-seat [Fleet Sales] (2020-2023)
|-
|'''K'''||EX90 6-seat [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''L'''||XC90 6-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2024)
|-
|'''M'''||S40 &amp; V50 (2010-2011), C30 (2010-2013), C70 (2010-2013)
|-
|'''M'''||S80 Awd (2015) 
|-
|'''M'''||S90 T6 Awd (2017-2021), S90 B6 Awd (2022-2024)
|-
|'''N'''||XC70 Awd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''N'''||V90 Cross Country Awd (2017-)
|-
|'''P'''||XC90 7-seat T5 Awd, T6 Awd (2016-2022), XC90 7-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2016-2018), XC90 7-seat B5 Awd, B6 Awd (2023-2024), XC90 7-seat (2025-)
|-
|'''R'''||XC60 Awd (2015-2017)
|-
|'''R'''||XC60 T5, T6 Awd (2018-2021), XC60 B5 Awd (2022-2024), XC60 B6 Awd (2022-2023), XC60 (2025-)
|-
|'''S'''||V60 Awd (2015-2019), V60 T6 Awd (Canada: 2020-2022), V60 B6 Awd (Canada: 2023)
|-
|'''T'''||S60 Awd (2015-2018), S60 Inscription (LWB) Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''T'''||S60 T6 Awd (2019-2021), S60 T5 Awd (2021), S60 B5 Awd (2022-2024)
|-
|'''U'''||S60 Cross Country Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''U'''||XC40 T5 Awd (2019-2022), XC40 B5 Awd (2023-2024), XC40 Recharge P8 [EV] Awd (2021-2023), XC40 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''V'''||V90 Awd (2017: Canada only, 2018-2021: US &amp; Canada)
|-
|'''V'''||EX90 7-seat [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''W'''||V60 Cross Country Awd (2017-)
|-
|'''X'''||XC90 5-seat Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''X'''||XC40 T5 Awd (2019) (models produced from the 46th week of 2017 through the 16th week of 2018)
|-
|'''X'''||XC40 Recharge [EV] Awd (2024)
|-
|'''Y'''||EX30 2wd (2025-)
|-
|'''Z'''||XC90 Excellence 4-seat Awd (2017-2019)
|-
|'''Z'''||EX30 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''0'''||XC90 6-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2020-2023)
|-
|'''1'''||XC90 6-seat T6 Awd (2020-2022), XC90 6-seat B6 Awd (2023)
|-
|}

==Position 5: Safety Equipment, Body Style (1981-2009)==
'''[1981-1991] Safety Equipment'''
*A = Driver Air bag + 3-point safety harness (seat belt)
*C = Driver Air bag + 3-point safety harness (seat belt) + seat belt tensioners
*X = 3-point safety harness (seat belt)
*Y = 3-point safety harness (seat belt) + seat belt tensioners

'''[1992-1997] Body Style and Safety Equipment''' (Triple-digit vehicle naming system)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Driver Air Bag &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('92-'93 240, 940, '92 740, 960)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('93-'97 850, '94-'95 940, '93-'97 960, '97 S90)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Driver Air Bag &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('92-'93 240, 940, '92 740, 960)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('93-'97 850, '94-'95 940, '93-'97 960, '97 V90)
*T = Sedan (4-door) 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) - Canada
*X = Wagon (5-door) 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) - Canada

'''[1998-2005] Body Style and Safety Equipment''' (Double-digit vehicle naming system)
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'04 C70 Convertible)
*K = Coupe (2-door) FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'02 C70 Coupe)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'00 S70, '01-'05 S60, '98 S90, '99-'05 S80 [except Premier], '00-'05 S40)
*R = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('04-'05 S80 T6 Premier Fwd)
*T = Sedan (4-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('99-'00 S70 AWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('02-'05 S60 AWD, '04-'05 S80 AWD, '05 S40 AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'05 V70, '98 V90, '00-'04 V40, '05 V50)
*V = Wagon (5-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('99-'00 V70 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('02-'05 V70 AWD, '05 V50 AWD)
*M = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 5-Seat AWD)
*N = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 5-Seat FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 7-Seat FWD)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'02 V70 XC AWD, '03-'05 XC70 AWD,&lt;br&gt; '03-'05 XC90 7-Seat AWD)

'''[2006-2009] Body Style'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('06-'09 C70) 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('09 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('06-'09 S40 AWD, S60 AWD, S80 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD ('06-'09 V50 AWD, '06-'07 V70 AWD)
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD (Canada: '07 C30, US &amp; Canada: '08-'09 C30)
*M = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('06-'09 XC90 5-Seat AWD) 
*N = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('06-'09 XC90 5-Seat FWD)
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('06-'09 S40 FWD, S60 FWD, S80 FWD)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('07-'08 XC90 Sport 7-Seat AWD, '09 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) FWD ('06-'09 V50 FWD, V70 FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('06-'09 XC90 7-Seat FWD) 
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('06-'09 XC70 AWD, '06-'09 XC90 7-Seat AWD [except '07-08 Sport &amp; '09 R-Design])

==Position 8: Body Style, Safety Equipment, GVWR (2010-2014)==

'''[2010-2011] Body Style'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('10-'11 C70) 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('10 S40 AWD, '11 S60 AWD, '10 S80 T6 AWD [except Executive], '11 S80 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD ('10 V50 AWD) 
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD ('10-'11 C30)
*L = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC60 FWD, '11 XC70 FWD)
*R = Sedan (4-door) '10 S80 Executive 3.2 FWD, T6 AWD, V8 AWD 
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('10-'11 S40 FWD, '10 S80 3.2 FWD [except Executive], '11 S80 FWD)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('10-'11 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) FWD ('10-'11 V50 FWD, '10 V70 FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC90 7-Seater FWD)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('10-'11 XC60 AWD, '10-'11 XC70 AWD, '10-'11 XC90 7-Seater AWD)

'''[2012-2014] Body Style and Safety Equipment for Passenger Cars'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('12-'13 C70) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; 1st Row, Door-mounted Inflatable Curtain Airbags 
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('12-'14 S60 AWD, '12-'14 S80 AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD ('12-'13 C30) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('12-'14 S60 FWD, '12-'14 S80 FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows

'''[2012-2014] Body Style, Safety Equipment, and GVWR for Multi-Purpose Vehicles''' 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*L = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC60 FWD, '12-'14 XC70 FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC90 7-Seater FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC60 AWD, '12-'14 XC70 AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC90 7-Seater AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.)

==Position 8: Trim Level, Safety Equipment, GVWR (2015-)==
'''Early 2015:'''
*A = Base (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, XC70]
*B = Premier (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*C = Premier Plus (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*D = Platinum (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*E = Base (R-Design)
*F = Premier (R-Design) [XC60]
*G = Premier Plus (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*H = Platinum (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60] or S60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
'''Mid 2015:'''
*J = Base (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70]
*K = Premier (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70]
*L = Premier Plus (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70]
*M = Platinum (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70]
*N = Base (R-Design)
*P = Premier (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*R = Premier Plus (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*S = Platinum (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60] or S60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*T = Ocean Race Premier
*U = Ocean Race Premier Plus [XC60]
*V = Ocean Race Platinum [XC60]
*W = V60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9) [V60]

All have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. 

All Multi-Purpose Vehicles (V60 Cross Country, XC60, &amp; XC70) are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).

'''2016:'''
*J = S60, V60, XC60, XC70: Base model
*K = S60, S60 Inscription, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70: Premier, XC90 5-passenger Momentum, XC90 7-passenger Momentum 
*L = XC90 5-passenger Inscription, XC90 7-passenger Inscription
*M = S80, S60, S60 Inscription, S60 Cross Country, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70: Platinum, XC90 5-passenger R-Design, XC90 7-passenger R-Design
*N = XC90 First Edition
*P = S60, V60, XC60: R-Design Base (Premier Level), XC90 Black &amp; Black Designer’s Choice Edition 
*R = XC90 Cool &amp; Warm Designers Choice Edition
*S = S60, V60 &amp; XC60 R-Design Platinum AWD, XC90 Blue &amp; Blond Designers Choice Edition or S60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*T = XC90 Blond &amp; Blond Designers Choice Edition
*W = V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*X = XC70 Premier Classic Edition
*Y = XC70 Platinum Classic Edition

All except XC90 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. XC90 5-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country is GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). All other Multi-Purpose Vehicles (V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70, &amp; XC90) are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).

'''2017:'''
*J = V60 Base model 
*K = V60 Premier, V60 Cross Country Base model (Premier level), S60 Inscription Base model (Premier level)
*K = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, S90, V90 (Canada only): Momentum
*L = S90, V90 (Canada only), XC90: Inscription, V90 Cross Country T6 AWD  
*L = S60, V60 Dynamic 
*M = S60 Cross Country, S60 Inscription, V60, V60 Cross Country: Platinum 
*M = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, V90 (Canada only): R-Design
*R = XC60 Dynamic 
*S = S60, V60: R-Design Platinum AWD, XC60: R-Design AWD
*S = S60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*U = XC60 Inscription   
*W = V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*X = XC90 Excellence 4-passenger

S60, V60, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. S90, V90, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country &amp; V60 Cross Country are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2018:'''

*J = S60/V60 (base model) (Canada only)
*K = S60 Inscription Base model (Premier level), V60 Cross Country Base model (Premier level)
*K = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, S90, V90 (Canada only), XC60 (SPA): Momentum, V90 Cross Country T5 AWD (SPA)
*L = S60/V60 Dynamic
*L = S90, V90, XC90, XC60 (SPA): Inscription, V90 Cross Country T6 AWD (SPA)
*M = S60 Inscription, S60 Cross Country, V60 Cross Country: Platinum 
*M = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, XC60, V90 (SPA): R-Design   
*S = S60 R-Design Platinum AWD &amp; V60 R-Design AWD
*T = V90 Cross Country Ocean Race Edition (SPA) 
*U = XC90 for Uber (SPA) 
*W = S60/V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*X = XC90 Excellence 4-passenger (SPA)

S60 &amp; V60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. S90, V90, XC60, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country &amp; V60 Cross Country are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2019:'''

*K = Momentum [S60, V60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD (Canada only), V90 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country T6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60]
*T = Ocean Race Edition [V90 Cross Country] 
*U = For Uber [XC90]
*V = Excellence Lounge 3-passenger with Lounge Console [XC90] 
*X = Excellence 4-passenger [XC90]
*Z = R-Design or Momentum (some XC40 T5 AWD: produced from the 46th week of 2017 through the 16th week of 2018) 

S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country &amp; XC40 are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2020-2021:'''

*K = Momentum [S60, V60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country T6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60]
*R = 2021 XC40 Recharge
*T = R-Design [S90]
*U = Fleet Sales [XC90]
*Z = 2021 S60 T8 R-Design Expression

S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5/6-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country &amp; XC40 are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2022:'''

*K = Momentum (except S60) [V60 (Canada only), S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country B6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60 (Canada only), XC40, XC60, XC90] 
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60] 
*T = R-Design [S90]
*Z = Momentum (S60 B5), R-Design Expression (S60 T8), Inscription Expression (XC60 T8, XC90 T8)  
*A = Recharge (Level 1-Core) [XC40]
*R = Recharge (Level 2-Plus) [XC40]
*B = Recharge (Level 3-Ultimate) [XC40, C40]
*C = B5 Momentum Black Edition [S60]
*D = B5 R-Design Black Edition, T8 R-Design Black Edition [S60]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, C40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5/6-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 T4/T5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2023:'''

*K = Core (XC40 B4/B5, XC60 B5, XC90 B5/B6: Base theme; XC60 T8, XC90 T8: Bright theme; S60: Dark theme; XC40/C40 Recharge: Dark theme) 
*L = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60, XC40/C40 Recharge]
*M = Ultimate Dark [S60, XC40, XC40/C40 Recharge]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60] 
*E = Plus Bright [XC40, XC60]
*F = Ultimate Bright [S60, XC40] 
*G = Core Black Edition [S60] 
*H = Plus Black Edition [S60] 
*J = Ultimate Black Edition [S60] 
*N = Plus Bright with Climate Package [S90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*A = Ultimate Bright with Climate Package [S60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90] 
*S = Core Black Edition with Climate Package [S60] 
*T = Plus Black Edition with Climate Package [S60]  
*U = Ultimate Black Edition with Climate Package [S60]  
*V = Core with Climate Package (XC40 B4/B5, XC60 B5, XC90 B5/B6: Base theme; XC60 T8, XC90 T8: Bright theme; S60: Dark theme; XC40/C40 Recharge: Dark theme), V60/V60 Cross Country Core (Canada only) 
*W = Plus Dark with Climate Package [S60, XC40, XC60, XC90, XC40 Recharge], V60 Plus (Canada only) 
*X = Ultimate Dark with Climate Package [S60, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Ultimate (Canada only)
*Y = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*Z = Plus with Climate Package [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*B = Ultimate [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*C = Ultimate with Climate Package [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, C40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B4/B5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2024:'''

*K = Core [XC40 B5: Bright theme; XC40 B5: Dark theme; XC40 Recharge, C40 Recharge; S60: Dark theme; V60 Cross Country (Canada only); XC60: Dark theme; XC90: Bright theme] 
*L = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60], XC40 Recharge Plus, C40 Recharge Plus 
*M = Ultimate Dark [S60, XC40, XC60], XC40 Recharge Ultimate, C40 Recharge Ultimate 
*P = Polestar Engineered [V60, XC60]
*E = Plus Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*F = Ultimate Bright [S90, XC40, XC90] 
*H = Plus Black Edition [S60]
*J = Ultimate Black Edition [S60, XC60] 
*Y = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*B = Ultimate [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.&lt;br&gt;
C40 has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2025:'''

*C = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60]   
*M = Ultra Dark [S60, XC40, XC60]  
*P = Polestar Engineered [V60, XC60] 
*E = Plus Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*F = Ultra Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*D = Ultra Black Edition [S60, XC60]
*K = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country, EX90] 
*J = Core [S60; XC40 B5: Bright theme; XC60; XC90; EX40]  
*L = Ultra [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country, EX40, EX90]
*A = Core 
*B = Plus  
*G = Ultra 

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, EX40, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.&lt;br&gt;
EX30 &amp; EC40 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags. EX90 has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B5, and EX30 2wd are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, EX30 Awd, EX40, EC40, &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.). EX90 is GVWR: Class G (8001-9000 lbs.).

==Position 6- 7: Engine Code 1981-2009==
US/Canada market Engines:&lt;br&gt;
Vin    Engine
*41 = B21A (carburetor) (1981-1984 Canada)
*45 = B21F (1976-81 US, 1976-80 Canada)
*47 = B21FT (1981-1985)
*48 = B21F-LH (Bosch LH-Jetronic 1.0) (1982)
*49 = B21F-MPG (CI system = Continuous Injection) (1981-1982)
*69 = B28F, B280F [PRV V6 engine] (1981-1982 GLE [260], 1983-1990 760, 1987-1990 780)
*76 = D24T (turbo, not intercooled) with EGR (1983-1985 760, 1985-1986 740) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*77 = D24 (1981-1984 240 series) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*84 = B23E (1981-1983 Canada)
*87 = B23FT (1984 - LH 2.1), B230FT (Bosch LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4) - non EGR (1985-1994)
*88 = B23F (1983-1984 - Bosch LH Jetronic 2.0), B230F/FS (1985-1994 - Bosch LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4)
*89 = B234F (1989-1992)
*95 = B6304F/S (1992-94 960)
*96 = B63042S (1995-1997 960, 1997 1/2 -1998 S90/V90)

Vin    Engine
*11 = B17A
*15 = B20F
*16 = B4204S
*20 = B200G
*21 = B19A, B200FT
*22 = B200GT
*24 = B19E/B200E
*25 = B204FT
*26 = B19ET
*27 = B200F
*37 = D20
*41 = B21A
*44 = B21E
*45 = B21F (1976-81 US, 1976-80 CDN, 1976-84 JAPAN)
*46 = B21ET
*47 = B21FT
*48 = B21F-LH (LH-Jet 1.0)
*49 = B21F-MPG (1981-82)
*61 = B27A
*62 = B28A
*64 = B27E
*65 = B27F
*68 = B28E, B280E
*69 = B28F, B280F [PRV V6 engine]
*74 = D24TIC (turbo &amp; intercooled) with EGR [VW diesel I6 engine]
*75 = D24TIC (turbo &amp; intercooled) without EGR [VW diesel I6 engine]
*76 = D24T (turbo, not intercooled) with EGR (1983-1985 760, 1985-1986 740) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*77 = D24 (1980-1984) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*80 = B230G
*81 = B23A, B230A, B230FK
*82 = B230GT, B230FD (LH 3.1)
*83 = B230FD w/pulsair (LH 2.4)
*84 = B23E, B230E, B230GK
*85 = B230FB
*86 = B23ET, B230ET (1983-88), B230FT - EGR (1994-98?)
*87 = B23FT (1983-1984 - LH 2.1), B230FT (LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4) - non EGR (1985-98)
*88 = B23F (1983-1984 - LH 2.0), B230F/FS (1985-95 - LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4)
*89 = B234F
*92 = B6244F
*93 = B6254F
*95 = B6304F/S 1992-94
*96 = B6304S 1995-98
*98 = N6304G
*99 = B6254G

*11/12 = B4164   1995-2004 105HK
*10 = B4164S2   2000-2004 109HK
*13 = B4184SM   1998-2000 125HK
*15 = B4184S3
*12 = B4184S 1.8   1995-1999 115HK
*14 = B4184S2 1.8   2000-2004 122HK
*26 = B4184SJ 1.8i 1995-2004 125HK
*28 = B4184S10
*30 = B4184S9
*16 = B4204S 2.0   1995-2004 137HK
*17 = B4204S2 2.0   1995-2004 136HK
*19 = B4204T 2.0T   1998 160HK
*25 = B4204T2 2.0T   1999-2000 160HK
*29 = B4204T3 2.0T  2001-2004 160HK
*27 = B4204T4
*18 = B4194T T4   1998-1999 200HK
*24 = B4194T2   2000 200HK
*37 = B4204T5 2001-2004 200HK
*73 = D4192T2 1.9d 1999-2001 95HK
*78 = D4192T4 D  2001-2004 102HK
*70 = D4192T3 1.9D 2001-2004 115HK

*04 = B4204S4 C30/S40/V50/V70 2.0 Flexifuel FWD
*08 = B4184S8 C30/S40/V50/V70 1.8 Flexifuel FWD
*17 = B4204S2 V40 2.0L FWD
*18 = B4194T V40 1.9L Turbo FWD
*20 = B4164S3 C30 1.6 FWD
*21 = B4184S11 V50/S40 1.8
*30 = D5244T18 XC90  2.4 AWD
*31 = D5204T7 XC60
*38 = B5244S4 C30/S40/V50 2.4i FWD
*39 = B5244S7 S40/V50 2.4i FWD
*40 = B4204T11 S60/V60 2.0 T5 FWD
*41 = B5202S 850/V70 2.0i FWD
*43 = B5204T3 850/V70/S80 2.0 T5 FWD, or B4204S3 S80(2.0F 2007-2010)
*47 = B5204T 850/V70 2.0 T5 FWD
*50 = B5234T4 V70 R AWD
*51 = B5252S 850/V70 2.5i FWD or D5204T6 V40/V40CC D3/D4
*52 = B5254T4 S60/V70 R AWD 
*53 = B5234T3 S60/V70 T5 FWD
*54 = B5244T5 S60 T5 FWD 
*55 = B5254S; B5254FS 850/V70/S70 FWD
*56 = B5254T S70/V70 GLT FWD V70 XC AWD - 1999
*56 = B5244T 2000 -
*57 = B5234T 850/V70 2.3T FWD Turbo
*58 = B5234T5 1995-1997 850 T-5R/R ; B5244T3 S60/V70/S80/XC70 2000 -
*59 = B5254T2 S80/S60/XC90 2.5T FWD/AWD, V70 2.5T FWD, XC70 AWD 
*60 = B5254T10 V70/S80 2.5t FWD/AWD
*61 = B5244S S60/V70 2.4 FWD
*64 = B5244S6 S60/V70 2.4 FWD
*65 = B5244S2 S80/V70/S60 2.4 FWD 
*66 = B5244S5 S40/V50 2.4 FWD 
*67 = B5254T7 C30/C70/V50 T5 FWD/AWD
*68 = B5254T3 S40/V50 T5 FWD/AWD
*69 = D5244T5 S80/V70 2.4D FWD
*70 = D4192T3 S40/V40
*70 = D5244T10 XC60 AWD D5(205)
*71 = D5244T4 V70 AWD D5(185), XC90 AWD D5(185)
*72 = D5252T S70/S80 2.5TDi FWD
*73 = D4204T5 S60/V60
*73 = D4192T2 S40/V40
*74 = D5244T2
*75 = D4204T C30, S40 2.0D
*76 = D4164T V50, 1.6D (PSA-Ford Engine)
*77 = D5244T8 S40 D5 AT
*78 = D4192T4 S40/V40
*79 = D5244T D5(163)
*81 = D5244T7  V70 2.4 D5 93kW (2005-2007)
*82 = D5244T15 XC60/V60 AWD D5(215)
*84 = D4162T C30, V50, V70, S60 1.6D/DRIVe (PSA-Ford Engine)
*85 = B8444S XC90/S80 V8 AWD 
*88 = D5204T3 XC60
*90 = B6284T S80 2.8 T6
*91 = B6294T S80/XC90 2.9 T6
*94 = B6294S S80 2.9 FWD 
*97 = B6304S  S80 2.9 FWD
*98 = B6324S XC90/S80/V70 3.2 FWD/XC70 AWD
*99 = B6304T4 S80 3.0 T6 AWD
*A0 = B4204T43 S60/V60 Polestar 2.0L (362 hp)
*A2 = B4204T27 S60/V60, XC60, S90/V90, XC90 2.0 T6 (320 hp)
*A3 = B4204T29 S60/V60, XC60, S90/V90, XC90 2.0 T6 (310 hp)
*A4 = D4204T11 S60/V60, XC90 D5
*A5 = D5244T21 V60 2.4 D4
*A6 = D4204T12 XC40 D4
*A8 = D4204T14 V40, V60, 2.0 D4
*A9 = B6304T5 S60/V60 Polestar 3.0L (350 hp)
*AA = D82PHEV V60 Plug-In Hybrid
*AC = B4204T47 XC40 T4
*AJ = D5244T22 (220 hp)
*BR = B4204TSH S60/V60 T8, S90/V90 T8, XC60 T8, XC90 T8 (313hp+87hp)
*BK = B4204TSH S60/V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered (328hp+87hp)
*H5 = XC90 T8 (313hp+87hp)

==Position 4- 5: Engine Code 2010-==
Vin    Engine
*26 = B4204T12 '15-'18 S60 T5 Drive-E FWD, '15 V60/S80/XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*27 = B4204T10 '15 S60/XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E FWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified) 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (302 hp)
*38 = B5244S4 '10 S40/V50 2.4i FWD Man. trans.: All 50 states, Auto. trans.: States except those listed in note 1 below (ULEV emissions), '10 C30 2.4i (Canada only)
*39 = B5244S7 '10 S40/V50 2.4i FWD Auto. trans.: States listed in note 1 below (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*40 = B4204T11 '15-'16 S80/XC70 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '15-'18 S60/V60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17 S60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD, '17-'18 V60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD,&lt;br&gt; '16-'18 S60 Inscription 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17-'18 S60 Cross Country, S60 Inscription, V60 Cross Country 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD, '15-'17 XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17 XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD (ULEV emissions)
*49 = B4204T9 '15-'16 S60/XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E FWD, '16-'18 S60/V60 2.0 T6 Drive-E AWD, '16-'17 XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E AWD (ULEV emissions)&lt;br&gt; 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (302 hp)
*61 = B5254T12 '13-'14 S60 T5 FWD, '13-'16 S60 T5 AWD, '15-'16 V60 T5 AWD, V60 Cross Country T5 AWD, '15.5-'16 XC60 T5 AWD, '16 S60 Inscription T5 AWD, S60 Cross Country T5 AWD, XC70 T5 AWD
*62 = B5254T5 '11-'12 S60 T5
*67 = B5254T7 '10-'13 C30 T5/C70 T5, '10-'11 S40/V50 T5 FWD, '10 S40/V50 T5 AWD
*85 = B8444S '10-'11 XC90 V8 AWD, '10 S80 V8 AWD
*90 = B6304T4 '11-'15 S80/XC70 T6 AWD, '11-'16 S60/XC60 T6 AWD, '15-'16 V60 T6 AWD
*94 = B6324S4 '11-'14 XC60/S80/XC70 3.2 FWD, '11-'15 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*95 = B6324S5 '11-'14 XC60/XC90/S80/XC70 3.2 FWD, '11-'15 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD, '11-'14 XC90 3.2 AWD (ULEV emissions)
*96 = B6324S2 '10 XC60/S80/V70 3.2 FWD, '10 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*98 = B6324S '10 XC60/XC90/S80/V70 3.2 FWD, '10 XC60/XC70/XC90 3.2 AWD (ULEV emissions)
*99 = B6304T2 '10 S80/XC70/XC60 T6 AWD
*A0 = B4204T43 '17-'18 S60/V60 Polestar Edition 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (362 hp)
*A9 = B6304T5 '15-'16 S60/V60 Polestar Edition 3.0L turbo I6 (345 hp)

Note 1: CA, NY, NJ, DE, MA, VT, ME, RI, NH, CT, PA, WA, OR

CMA- &amp; SPA-platform based models:
*06 = B420T/B4204TE '22- S90/V90 Cross Country B6 Mild hybrid, '22-'23 XC60 B6 Mild hybrid, '23- XC90 B6 Mild hybrid, '23 V60 B6 Mild hybrid (Canada only)
*10 = B4204T23 (MP) '16-'22 XC90 T5, '17-'19 S90 T5, '18-'21 V90 T5, '18-'19 V90 Cross Country T5, '18-'21 XC60 T5, '19-'21 S60 T5, '19-'21 V60 T5,&lt;br&gt; '19-'22 V60 Cross Country T5
*16 = B4204T18 (MP) '19-'22 XC40 T5
*98 = B4204T23 '18 S90 T5
*99 = B4204T27 '18 S90 T6
*A2 = B4204T27/B4204TS (HP) '19-'21 S60 T6, '19 V60 T6, '20-'22 V60 T6 (Canada only), '18-'21 XC60 T6, '17-'21 S90 T6, '17 V90 T6 (Canada only),&lt;br&gt; '18-'21 V90 T6, '17-'21 V90 Cross Country T6, '16-'22 XC90 T6. 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (316 hp)
*AC = B4204T47 '19-'22 XC40 T4
*BC = B4204T28 (B1BPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '16-'17 XC90 T8, '18 S90 T8. (313 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*BR = B4204T28 (B1FPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '19-'22 S60 T8, '20-'22 V60 T8 (Canada only), '18-'22 S90 T8, '18-'22 XC60 T8, '18-'22 XC90 T8. &lt;br&gt; (313 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*BK = B4204T39 (B1LPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '20-'22 S60/V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered. (328 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*H6 = B4204T57/B4204TSH (HP) '22- S60 T8 (Extended Range), S90 T8 (Extended Range), XC60 T8 (Extended Range), XC90 T8 (Extended Range),&lt;br&gt; '22-'23 S60 T8 Polestar Engineered, '22- V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered. &lt;br&gt; (312 hp [gas] + 143 hp [electric])
*K9 = B420T6/B4204T (MP) '23 XC40 B4 Mild hybrid
*L1 = B420T2/B4204T '22- S60 B5 Mild hybrid, '22-24 XC60 B5 Mild hybrid, '23- V60 Cross Country B5 Mild hybrid, XC40 B5 Mild hybrid,&lt;br&gt; '23-'24 XC90 B5 Mild hybrid
*M1 = B420T11/B4204T '25- XC60 B5 Mild hybrid, '25- XC90 B5 Mild hybrid

Notes: &lt;br&gt;
T = Turbocharged &lt;br&gt;
TS = Turbocharged &amp; Supercharged &lt;br&gt; 
TSH = &lt;u&gt;T&lt;/u&gt;urbocharged &amp; &lt;u&gt;S&lt;/u&gt;upercharged Plug-in &lt;u&gt;H&lt;/u&gt;ybrid &lt;br&gt; 
MP = Medium Pressure &lt;br&gt;
HP = High Pressure

All-Electric models:
*ED = E400V6 '21-'23 XC40 Recharge AWD, '22-'23 C40 Recharge AWD
*EH = E400V8 '24 XC40 Recharge RWD, '25- EX40 Recharge RWD, '24 C40 Recharge RWD, '25- EC40 Recharge RWD
*EK = E400V14 '25- EX30 AWD
*EL = E400V18 '25- EX30 RWD
*ER = E400V12 '24 XC40 Recharge AWD, '25- EX40 Recharge AWD, '24 C40 Recharge AWD, '25- EC40 Recharge AWD
*EV = E400V3 '25- EX90 AWD
*E2 = E400V13 '25- EX90 AWD Performance

==Position 8: Body Style (1981-1991)/Emissions Code (1992-2009)==
'''[1981-1991] Body Style'''
*2 = 2 Door / 2 Door Coupe (US/Canada 780 Coupe by Bertone)
*4 = 4 Door
*5 = 5 Door (Wagon)
*7 = 2 Door Coupe (262C Coupe by Bertone)

'''[1992-2009] Emission Control Equipment'''
*0 = Federal (49-state) non-EGR Bosch / Engine codes 55, 82, 83, 87, 88, 95; SULEV+ (Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 39, 55, 64, 72
*1 = 50-state w/EGR Bosch / Engine codes 55, 57, 82, 83, 86, 88, 95
*2 = ULEV2 (Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 38, 41, 51, 59, 61, 67, 68, 85, 98, 99 
*3 = Federal (49-state) non-EGR Bendix / Engine Code 88
*4 = Engine Codes 71
*5 = ?
*7 = LEV2 (Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 52, 54
*8 = Engine Codes 70
*C = EURO 6
*D = L6
*K = What the mean???
*L = What does it mean?
*V = what does it mean?
*U = PHEV

==Position 6: Emissions Code/Version Divider 2010-==
*0 = SULEV+ (2010-2015) [2010: VIN position 4-5 Engine code 39, 96]
*0 = TZEV (2016-2017)
*0 = TZEV (S90/XC90/XC60 PHEV 2018-), (S60 PHEV 2019-), (V60 PHEV 2020-)
*2 = ULEV2 (2010-2017) [2010: VIN position 4-5 Engine code 38, 67, 85, 98, 99]
*2 = ULEV (S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC90/XC60, S60 Inscription engine code 40) (2018)
*2 = ULEV (S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC40/XC60/XC90) (2019-2021)
*2 = SULEV (S60/V60/S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC60/XC90) (2019-2021)
*2 = ULEV (S60/V60 Cross Country/XC40/XC60/XC90) (2022-)
*2 = SULEV (S60/S90/V90 Cross Country/XC60/XC90) (2022-), (V60 [Canada only] 2022-2023)
*3 = BEV (XC40 Recharge, C40 Recharge, EX40, EC40, EX30, EX90)
*M = SULEV+ w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 26 &amp; 27) or ULEV2 w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 40 &amp; 49) (2015)
*M = SULEV2+ w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 26) or ULEV3 w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 40 &amp; 49) (2016-2017)
*M = ULEV (S60/V60, S60 Cross Country/V60 Cross Country) (2018)

==Position 9: Check Digit/Gearbox==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]
* Elsewhere used for gearbox:
: 700/900/90 series gearbox
: 1 = M90 manual
: 2 = M46 Manual
: 3 = M47 Manual
: 5 = ZF22
: 6 = AW70/71/72 lock-up
: 7 = AW70/71 no lock-up
: 850/60/70/80 series
: 1 = M59 manual
: 2 = M56 Manual
: 3 = M58 Manual
: 4 = M66 Manual
: 5 = AW55-51SN Auto
: 6 = AW42 Auto
: 7 = AW50AWD Auto
: 8 = AW42AWD Auto
: 9 = AW55-50SN Auto C30/V50, AW55-51 S40D5 AT
: 0 = [[wikipedia:AWTF-80_SC|AWTF-80 SC]]
: 2 = MTX75 Manual
: D = Automatic

==Position 10: Year Model Code==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Position 11: Plant of Assembly Code==
*0 = [Sweden] Kalmar Plant
*1 = [Sweden] Torslanda Plant VCT 21 (Volvo Torslandaverken) (Gothenburg) 
*2 = [Belgium] Ghent Plant VCG 22
*3 = [Canada] Halifax, Nova Scotia Plant
*4 = [Thailand] - Samut Prakarn (Thai-Swedish Assembly Co. Ltd.)
*5 = [Malaysia] - Shah Alam (Volvo Car Manufacturing Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.)
*6 = [Australia] - Clayton, Victoria (Motor Producers Ltd./Nissan Motor Australia)
*7 = [Indonesia] - North Jakarta (PT Indonesia Swedish Manufacturing Co.)
*A = [Sweden] Uddevalla Plant VCU 38 (Volvo Cars) 1991-1993 940
*B = [China] - Chengdu, Sichuan Province
*C = [The Netherlands] Born Plant (Volvo Car BV / NedCar BV) (Volvo 300-series and 400-series)
*D = [Italy] - Grugliasco. Bertone plant: 262C (US/Canada), 780
*E = [Singapore] - Jurong (Singapore Nissan Motors)
*F = [The Netherlands] Born Plant (NedCar BV) (Volvo S40/V40)
*G = [United States] Charleston Plant - Ridgeville, South Carolina (Volvo Car US Operations)
*J = [Sweden] Uddevalla Plant (AutoNova/Pininfarina Sverige AB) (Volvo C70)
*L = [China] - Luqiao District, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province (AELQ plant)
*P = [China] - Daqing, Heilongjiang Province
*S = [China] - Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province (Volvo EX30)

==Position 12-17 - Production Sequence Number==

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        <id>3434282</id>
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      <text bytes="43154" sha1="026y6ydhd5sk47t16xay8s6975byqgt" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
[[w:Volvo Cars|Volvo Cars]] uses the following [[w:Vehicle identification number|VIN]] codes and formats:

This VIN number decoding and designation system is used primarily for the North American Market.
European and Asian markets use other decoding and designation systems.

Volvo Car Corporation is a registered Swedish based company that was owned by parent group Ford Motor Company as part of its Premier Automotive Group from 1999 until 2010 when Ford Motor Company sold it to Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co., Ltd. The Volvo Car Corp still has concerns with its past parent AB Volvo when it comes to vehicle safety systems, crash testing, engines, ocean races, and some parts. The Volvo name, trademark, and logo are owned by Volvo Trademark Holding AB, which is jointly owned by Volvo Car Corp. and Volvo AB.

Volvo Car Corp. uses World Manufacturer Identifiers beginning with YV for most European-built vehicles.

== Volvo VIN History and Updates==
The Volvo Cars group started using a standard VIN pattern in 1975 on the 164 and 240 series vehicles. Since the VIN specification had not been defined yet, the codes are a somewhat different configuration than modern VIN codes yet still contain much of the same information. The most distinguishable features are the 2 character manufacturer identifier &quot;VC&quot; and 15 character length.

At least European models of 240 series prior to 1981 may have a VIN with 13 characters, or even 12 characters, in this case VIN omitting one number where a two-number motor code should be, right before the year-of-manufacture-letter (B, E, H, L, M for years 1975-1979, respectively). Examples in the internet often prefix the VIN with &quot;VC&quot; or &quot;YV&quot;, but this is not always present in these older models. 

In 1981 Volvo changed the VIN pattern in accordance with the ISO Standard 3779 for vehicle VIN numbers. Volvo cars sold in North America from 1981 to 1991 had a VIN pattern that is slightly different than Volvo cars produced after 1991. The most significant changes in the post 1991 VIN were the 5th and 8th position characters. The 5th character was changed from representing the safety equipment to represent the body style and safety equipment. This also helped ease the integration of front wheel drive configurations (850 series) into the existing VIN pattern. It seems likely that the old (81-91) position 8 character was combined with the position 5 codes in 1992 which resulted in new codes in the 5th character position. This left the 8th character position open to represent the engine emission control setup. 

With the discontinuation of the rear wheel drive models, Ford acquisition, and new series designations (C, S and V series and later XC) in 1999, Volvo VIN patterns changed again. The main change came again to the 5th character representing body style and safety equipment. After 1998 the 5th character changed to represent the vehicle platform. While the information being represented by the character position was somewhat backwards compatible with the codes used prior to 1999, it should be considered representational of a different data set. After 1999 the 4th character should also be considered representational of a new data set for vehicle code to with the change of series designations.

In 2008 the U.S. National Highway Transportation and Safety Administration decided to change the structure of the VIN pattern. For model year 2010 and forward all cars with market code 31 and 39 (USA and Canada) position 4-5 change places with position 6-8 (i.e. 12345678 becomes 12367845).

==Position 1 - 3: World Manufacturer Identifier==
*YV1 = Passenger Cars (includes Volvo S40/V40 made by NedCar BV)
*YV2 = Trucks
*YV3 = Buses
*YV4 = Multipurpose Passenger Vehicle 
*YV5 = Trucks - Incomplete Vehicle
*XLB = passenger cars built by Volvo Car BV / NedCar BV (300-series and 400-series)
*LVY = Passenger Cars made in Daqing, China
*LYV = Passenger Cars &amp; Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles made in Chengdu &amp; Luqiao District of Taizhou, China
*PNV = Passenger Cars made in Malaysia
*7JD = Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles made in USA
*7JR = Passenger Cars made in USA

*MHA = PT. Central Sole Agency

==Position 4: Vehicle Code 1981-2009==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
!  !!'''[1981-1997]'''!!'''[1998-2009]'''
|-
|'''A'''||240 (1981-1993)||S80 (2007-2009)
|-
|'''B'''||260 (1981-1982)||V70, XC70 (2008-2009)
|-
|'''C'''|| ||XC90 (2003-2009)
|-
|'''D'''||760 sedan (1983-85), 740 sedan (1985) 
|-
|'''E'''||480 (Not in N. America)|| 
|-
|'''F'''||740 wagon (1985), 740 sedan &amp; wagon (1986-1992)||
|-
|'''G'''||760 wagon (1985), 760 sedan &amp; wagon (1986-1990)|| 
|-
|'''H'''||780 Coupe (1987-1991)|| 
|-
|'''J'''||940 (GL/GLE/Turbo) (1991-1995)|| 
|-
|'''K'''||940 SE (1991), 960 (1992-Early 1997), S90, V90 (Mid 1997)||S90, V90 (1998)
|-
|'''K'''||440 (Not in N. America)||
|-
|'''L'''||850 (1993-1997)||S70, V70 (1998-2000)
|-
|'''L'''||460 (Not in N. America)||
|-
|'''M'''|| ||S40 [2nd gen.] (Mid 2004-2009), V50 (2005-2009),&lt;br&gt; C30 (Canada: 2007, US &amp; Canada: 2008-2009), C70 (2006-2009)
|-
|'''N'''|| ||C70 (1998-2004)
|-
|'''R'''|| ||S60 (2001-2009)
|-
|'''S'''|| ||V70 (2001-2007), XC70 (2003-2007)
|-
|'''T'''|| ||S80 (1999-2006)
|-
|'''V'''|| ||S40 [1st gen.] (2000-Early 2004), V40 (2000-2004)
|-
|}

==Position 7: Vehicle Code 2010-==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
!  !!'''[2010-]'''
|-
|'''A'''||S80 (2010-2014), S80 2wd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''A'''||S90 T5 2wd (2017-2019), S90 T8 PHEV Awd (2018-2024), S90 (2025-)
|-
|'''B'''||V70 (2010), XC70 (2010-2014), XC70 2wd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''B'''||C40 Recharge [EV] Rwd (2024), EC40 [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''C'''||XC90 (2010-2014)
|-
|'''C'''||XC90 7-seat 2wd (2016-2022), XC90 7-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2019-2024)
|-
|'''D'''||XC60 (2010-2014), XC60 2wd (2015-2017)
|-
|'''D'''||XC60 T8 PHEV Awd (2018-2024), XC60 T5 2wd (2019-2021), XC60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-2024), XC60 B5 2wd (2022-2023)
|-
|'''E'''||V60 2wd (2015-2021), V60 T8/Recharge PHEV Awd (Canada: 2020-2023), V60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-)
|-
|'''F'''||S60 (2011-2014), S60 2wd (2015-2018), S60 Inscription (LWB) 2wd (2016)
|-
|'''F'''||S60 2wd (2019-), S60 T8 PHEV Awd (2019-), S60 T8 PHEV Polestar Engineered Awd (2020-2023)
|-
|'''G'''||V90 2wd (2018-2021)
|-
|'''G'''||C40 Recharge P8 [EV] Awd (2022-2023), C40 Recharge [EV] Awd (2024)
|-
|'''G'''||S60 B5 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''H'''||V60 Cross Country Awd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''H'''||S60 Inscription (LWB) 2wd (2017-2018)
|-
|'''H'''||XC40 T4 2wd (2019-2022), XC40 B4 2wd (2023), XC40 Recharge [EV] Rwd (2024), EX40 [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''J'''||XC90 6-seat B6 Awd (2024), XC90 6-seat (2025-)
|-
|'''K'''||XC90 5-seat 2wd (2016-2018), XC90 5-seat [Fleet Sales] (2020-2023)
|-
|'''K'''||EX90 6-seat [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''L'''||XC90 6-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2024)
|-
|'''M'''||S40 &amp; V50 (2010-2011), C30 (2010-2013), C70 (2010-2013)
|-
|'''M'''||S80 Awd (2015) 
|-
|'''M'''||S90 T6 Awd (2017-2021), S90 B6 Awd (2022-2024)
|-
|'''N'''||XC70 Awd (2015-2016)
|-
|'''N'''||V90 Cross Country Awd (2017-)
|-
|'''P'''||XC90 7-seat T5 Awd, T6 Awd (2016-2022), XC90 7-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2016-2018), XC90 7-seat B5 Awd, B6 Awd (2023-2024), XC90 7-seat (2025-)
|-
|'''R'''||XC60 Awd (2015-2017)
|-
|'''R'''||XC60 T5, T6 Awd (2018-2021), XC60 B5 Awd (2022-2024), XC60 B6 Awd (2022-2023), XC60 (2025-)
|-
|'''S'''||V60 Awd (2015-2019), V60 T6 Awd (Canada: 2020-2022), V60 B6 Awd (Canada: 2023)
|-
|'''T'''||S60 Awd (2015-2018), S60 Inscription (LWB) Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''T'''||S60 T6 Awd (2019-2021), S60 T5 Awd (2021), S60 B5 Awd (2022-2024)
|-
|'''U'''||S60 Cross Country Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''U'''||XC40 T5 Awd (2019-2022), XC40 B5 Awd (2023-2024), XC40 Recharge P8 [EV] Awd (2021-2023), XC40 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''V'''||V90 Awd (2017: Canada only, 2018-2021: US &amp; Canada)
|-
|'''V'''||EX90 7-seat [EV] (2025-)
|-
|'''W'''||V60 Cross Country Awd (2017-)
|-
|'''X'''||XC90 5-seat Awd (2016-2018)
|-
|'''X'''||XC40 T5 Awd (2019) (models produced from the 46th week of 2017 through the 16th week of 2018)
|-
|'''X'''||XC40 Recharge [EV] Awd (2024)
|-
|'''Y'''||EX30 2wd (2025-)
|-
|'''Z'''||XC90 Excellence 4-seat Awd (2017-2019)
|-
|'''Z'''||EX30 Awd (2025-)
|-
|'''0'''||XC90 6-seat T8 PHEV Awd (2020-2023)
|-
|'''1'''||XC90 6-seat T6 Awd (2020-2022), XC90 6-seat B6 Awd (2023)
|-
|}

==Position 5: Safety Equipment, Body Style (1981-2009)==
'''[1981-1991] Safety Equipment'''
*A = Driver Air bag + 3-point safety harness (seat belt)
*C = Driver Air bag + 3-point safety harness (seat belt) + seat belt tensioners
*X = 3-point safety harness (seat belt)
*Y = 3-point safety harness (seat belt) + seat belt tensioners

'''[1992-1997] Body Style and Safety Equipment''' (Triple-digit vehicle naming system)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Driver Air Bag &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('92-'93 240, 940, '92 740, 960)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('93-'97 850, '94-'95 940, '93-'97 960, '97 S90)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Driver Air Bag &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('92-'93 240, 940, '92 740, 960)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('93-'97 850, '94-'95 940, '93-'97 960, '97 V90)
*T = Sedan (4-door) 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) - Canada
*X = Wagon (5-door) 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) - Canada

'''[1998-2005] Body Style and Safety Equipment''' (Double-digit vehicle naming system)
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'04 C70 Convertible)
*K = Coupe (2-door) FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'02 C70 Coupe)
*S = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'00 S70, '01-'05 S60, '98 S90, '99-'05 S80 [except Premier], '00-'05 S40)
*R = Sedan (4-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('04-'05 S80 T6 Premier Fwd)
*T = Sedan (4-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('99-'00 S70 AWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('02-'05 S60 AWD, '04-'05 S80 AWD, '05 S40 AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'05 V70, '98 V90, '00-'04 V40, '05 V50)
*V = Wagon (5-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('99-'00 V70 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('02-'05 V70 AWD, '05 V50 AWD)
*M = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 5-Seat AWD)
*N = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 5-Seat FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('03-'05 XC90 7-Seat FWD)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD with Dual Air Bags &amp; 3-Point Safety Harness (Seat Belt) + seat belt pretensioners ('98-'02 V70 XC AWD, '03-'05 XC70 AWD,&lt;br&gt; '03-'05 XC90 7-Seat AWD)

'''[2006-2009] Body Style'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('06-'09 C70) 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('09 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('06-'09 S40 AWD, S60 AWD, S80 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD ('06-'09 V50 AWD, '06-'07 V70 AWD)
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD (Canada: '07 C30, US &amp; Canada: '08-'09 C30)
*M = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('06-'09 XC90 5-Seat AWD) 
*N = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('06-'09 XC90 5-Seat FWD)
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('06-'09 S40 FWD, S60 FWD, S80 FWD)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('07-'08 XC90 Sport 7-Seat AWD, '09 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) FWD ('06-'09 V50 FWD, V70 FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('06-'09 XC90 7-Seat FWD) 
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('06-'09 XC70 AWD, '06-'09 XC90 7-Seat AWD [except '07-08 Sport &amp; '09 R-Design])

==Position 8: Body Style, Safety Equipment, GVWR (2010-2014)==

'''[2010-2011] Body Style'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('10-'11 C70) 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD)
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('10 S40 AWD, '11 S60 AWD, '10 S80 T6 AWD [except Executive], '11 S80 AWD)
*J = Wagon (5-door) AWD ('10 V50 AWD) 
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD ('10-'11 C30)
*L = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC60 FWD, '11 XC70 FWD)
*R = Sedan (4-door) '10 S80 Executive 3.2 FWD, T6 AWD, V8 AWD 
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('10-'11 S40 FWD, '10 S80 3.2 FWD [except Executive], '11 S80 FWD)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('10-'11 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD)
*W = Wagon (5-door) FWD ('10-'11 V50 FWD, '10 V70 FWD)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('10-'11 XC90 7-Seater FWD)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('10-'11 XC60 AWD, '10-'11 XC70 AWD, '10-'11 XC90 7-Seater AWD)

'''[2012-2014] Body Style and Safety Equipment for Passenger Cars'''
*C = Convertible (2-door) FWD ('12-'13 C70) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; 1st Row, Door-mounted Inflatable Curtain Airbags 
*H = Sedan (4-door) AWD ('12-'14 S60 AWD, '12-'14 S80 AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows
*K = Hatchback (3-door) FWD ('12-'13 C30) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows
*S = Sedan (4-door) FWD ('12-'14 S60 FWD, '12-'14 S80 FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows

'''[2012-2014] Body Style, Safety Equipment, and GVWR for Multi-Purpose Vehicles''' 
*F = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*L = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC60 FWD, '12-'14 XC70 FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*T = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC90 R-Design 7-Seat AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.)
*Y = Wagon (5-door) XC FWD ('12-'14 XC90 7-Seater FWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC60 AWD, '12-'14 XC70 AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows, GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.)
*Z = Wagon (5-door) XC AWD ('12-'14 XC90 7-Seater AWD) with 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows, GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.)

==Position 8: Trim Level, Safety Equipment, GVWR (2015-)==
'''Early 2015:'''
*A = Base (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, XC70]
*B = Premier (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*C = Premier Plus (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*D = Platinum (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60, S80, XC70]
*E = Base (R-Design)
*F = Premier (R-Design) [XC60]
*G = Premier Plus (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*H = Platinum (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60] or S60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
'''Mid 2015:'''
*J = Base (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70]
*K = Premier (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70]
*L = Premier Plus (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70]
*M = Platinum (Non R-Design) [S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70]
*N = Base (R-Design)
*P = Premier (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*R = Premier Plus (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60]
*S = Platinum (R-Design) [S60, V60, XC60] or S60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*T = Ocean Race Premier
*U = Ocean Race Premier Plus [XC60]
*V = Ocean Race Platinum [XC60]
*W = V60 Polestar (w/VIN position 4-5: A9) [V60]

All have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. 

All Multi-Purpose Vehicles (V60 Cross Country, XC60, &amp; XC70) are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).

'''2016:'''
*J = S60, V60, XC60, XC70: Base model
*K = S60, S60 Inscription, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, S80, XC70: Premier, XC90 5-passenger Momentum, XC90 7-passenger Momentum 
*L = XC90 5-passenger Inscription, XC90 7-passenger Inscription
*M = S80, S60, S60 Inscription, S60 Cross Country, V60, V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70: Platinum, XC90 5-passenger R-Design, XC90 7-passenger R-Design
*N = XC90 First Edition
*P = S60, V60, XC60: R-Design Base (Premier Level), XC90 Black &amp; Black Designer’s Choice Edition 
*R = XC90 Cool &amp; Warm Designers Choice Edition
*S = S60, V60 &amp; XC60 R-Design Platinum AWD, XC90 Blue &amp; Blond Designers Choice Edition or S60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*T = XC90 Blond &amp; Blond Designers Choice Edition
*W = V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A9)
*X = XC70 Premier Classic Edition
*Y = XC70 Platinum Classic Edition

All except XC90 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. XC90 5-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country is GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). All other Multi-Purpose Vehicles (V60 Cross Country, XC60, XC70, &amp; XC90) are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).

'''2017:'''
*J = V60 Base model 
*K = V60 Premier, V60 Cross Country Base model (Premier level), S60 Inscription Base model (Premier level)
*K = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, S90, V90 (Canada only): Momentum
*L = S90, V90 (Canada only), XC90: Inscription, V90 Cross Country T6 AWD  
*L = S60, V60 Dynamic 
*M = S60 Cross Country, S60 Inscription, V60, V60 Cross Country: Platinum 
*M = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, V90 (Canada only): R-Design
*R = XC60 Dynamic 
*S = S60, V60: R-Design Platinum AWD, XC60: R-Design AWD
*S = S60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*U = XC60 Inscription   
*W = V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*X = XC90 Excellence 4-passenger

S60, V60, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. S90, V90, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country &amp; V60 Cross Country are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2018:'''

*J = S60/V60 (base model) (Canada only)
*K = S60 Inscription Base model (Premier level), V60 Cross Country Base model (Premier level)
*K = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, S90, V90 (Canada only), XC60 (SPA): Momentum, V90 Cross Country T5 AWD (SPA)
*L = S60/V60 Dynamic
*L = S90, V90, XC90, XC60 (SPA): Inscription, V90 Cross Country T6 AWD (SPA)
*M = S60 Inscription, S60 Cross Country, V60 Cross Country: Platinum 
*M = XC90 5-passenger, XC90 7-passenger, XC60, V90 (SPA): R-Design   
*S = S60 R-Design Platinum AWD &amp; V60 R-Design AWD
*T = V90 Cross Country Ocean Race Edition (SPA) 
*U = XC90 for Uber (SPA) 
*W = S60/V60 Polestar Edition (w/VIN position 4-5: A0) 
*X = XC90 Excellence 4-passenger (SPA)

S60 &amp; V60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows. S90, V90, XC60, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

S60 Cross Country &amp; V60 Cross Country are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2019:'''

*K = Momentum [S60, V60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD (Canada only), V90 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country T6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60]
*T = Ocean Race Edition [V90 Cross Country] 
*U = For Uber [XC90]
*V = Excellence Lounge 3-passenger with Lounge Console [XC90] 
*X = Excellence 4-passenger [XC90]
*Z = R-Design or Momentum (some XC40 T5 AWD: produced from the 46th week of 2017 through the 16th week of 2018) 

S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, &amp; XC90 4/5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country &amp; XC40 are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2020-2021:'''

*K = Momentum [S60, V60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country T6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60, V90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60]
*R = 2021 XC40 Recharge
*T = R-Design [S90]
*U = Fleet Sales [XC90]
*Z = 2021 S60 T8 R-Design Expression

S60, V60, S90, V90, XC40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5/6-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country &amp; XC40 are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2022:'''

*K = Momentum (except S60) [V60 (Canada only), S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Cross Country T5 AWD
*L = Inscription [S60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90], V90 Cross Country B6 AWD
*M = R-Design [S60, V60 (Canada only), XC40, XC60, XC90] 
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60] 
*T = R-Design [S90]
*Z = Momentum (S60 B5), R-Design Expression (S60 T8), Inscription Expression (XC60 T8, XC90 T8)  
*A = Recharge (Level 1-Core) [XC40]
*R = Recharge (Level 2-Plus) [XC40]
*B = Recharge (Level 3-Ultimate) [XC40, C40]
*C = B5 Momentum Black Edition [S60]
*D = B5 R-Design Black Edition, T8 R-Design Black Edition [S60]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, C40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5/6-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 7-passenger has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 T4/T5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2023:'''

*K = Core (XC40 B4/B5, XC60 B5, XC90 B5/B6: Base theme; XC60 T8, XC90 T8: Bright theme; S60: Dark theme; XC40/C40 Recharge: Dark theme) 
*L = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60, XC40/C40 Recharge]
*M = Ultimate Dark [S60, XC40, XC40/C40 Recharge]
*P = Polestar Engineered [S60, V60, XC60] 
*E = Plus Bright [XC40, XC60]
*F = Ultimate Bright [S60, XC40] 
*G = Core Black Edition [S60] 
*H = Plus Black Edition [S60] 
*J = Ultimate Black Edition [S60] 
*N = Plus Bright with Climate Package [S90, XC40, XC60, XC90]
*A = Ultimate Bright with Climate Package [S60, S90, XC40, XC60, XC90] 
*S = Core Black Edition with Climate Package [S60] 
*T = Plus Black Edition with Climate Package [S60]  
*U = Ultimate Black Edition with Climate Package [S60]  
*V = Core with Climate Package (XC40 B4/B5, XC60 B5, XC90 B5/B6: Base theme; XC60 T8, XC90 T8: Bright theme; S60: Dark theme; XC40/C40 Recharge: Dark theme), V60/V60 Cross Country Core (Canada only) 
*W = Plus Dark with Climate Package [S60, XC40, XC60, XC90, XC40 Recharge], V60 Plus (Canada only) 
*X = Ultimate Dark with Climate Package [S60, XC40, XC60, XC90], V60 Ultimate (Canada only)
*Y = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*Z = Plus with Climate Package [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*B = Ultimate [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*C = Ultimate with Climate Package [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, C40, XC60, &amp; XC90 5-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B4/B5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2024:'''

*K = Core [XC40 B5: Bright theme; XC40 B5: Dark theme; XC40 Recharge, C40 Recharge; S60: Dark theme; V60 Cross Country (Canada only); XC60: Dark theme; XC90: Bright theme] 
*L = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60], XC40 Recharge Plus, C40 Recharge Plus 
*M = Ultimate Dark [S60, XC40, XC60], XC40 Recharge Ultimate, C40 Recharge Ultimate 
*P = Polestar Engineered [V60, XC60]
*E = Plus Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*F = Ultimate Bright [S90, XC40, XC90] 
*H = Plus Black Edition [S60]
*J = Ultimate Black Edition [S60, XC60] 
*Y = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country] 
*B = Ultimate [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country]

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.&lt;br&gt;
C40 has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B5, and C40 Recharge are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, XC40 Recharge &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.).

'''2025:'''

*C = Plus Dark [S60, XC40, XC60]   
*M = Ultra Dark [S60, XC40, XC60]  
*P = Polestar Engineered [V60, XC60] 
*E = Plus Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*F = Ultra Bright [S90, XC40, XC90]
*D = Ultra Black Edition [S60, XC60]
*K = Plus [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country, EX90] 
*J = Core [S60; XC40 B5: Bright theme; XC60; XC90; EX40]  
*L = Ultra [V60 Cross Country, V90 Cross Country, EX40, EX90]
*A = Core 
*B = Plus  
*G = Ultra 

S60, V60, S90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, EX40, &amp; XC60 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag. XC90 6/7-passenger have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows and Driver's Knee Airbag.&lt;br&gt;
EX30 &amp; EC40 have 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st and 2nd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags. EX90 has 3-Point Seat Belts for all seats &amp; Dual Front Air Bags &amp; Seat-mounted Front Side Airbags (outboard-side) &amp; Inflatable Curtain Airbags For 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rows &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag &amp; Front-row Inner-side airbags.

V60 Cross Country, XC40 B5, and EX30 2wd are GVWR: Class C (4001-5000 lbs.). V90 Cross Country, EX30 Awd, EX40, EC40, &amp; XC60 are GVWR: Class D (5001-6000 lbs.).&lt;br&gt; XC90 is GVWR: Class E (6001-7000 lbs.). EX90 is GVWR: Class G (8001-9000 lbs.).

==Position 6- 7: Engine Code 1981-2009==
US/Canada market Engines:&lt;br&gt;
Vin    Engine
*41 = B21A (carburetor) (1981-1984 Canada)
*45 = B21F (1976-81 US, 1976-80 Canada)
*47 = B21FT (1981-1985)
*48 = B21F-LH (Bosch LH-Jetronic 1.0) (1982)
*49 = B21F-MPG (CI system = Continuous Injection) (1981-1982)
*69 = B28F, B280F [PRV V6 engine] (1981-1982 GLE [260], 1983-1990 760, 1987-1990 780)
*76 = D24T (turbo, not intercooled) with EGR (1983-1985 760, 1985-1986 740) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*77 = D24 (1981-1984 240 series) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*84 = B23E (1981-1983 Canada)
*87 = B23FT (1984 - LH 2.1), B230FT (Bosch LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4) - non EGR (1985-1994)
*88 = B23F (1983-1984 - Bosch LH Jetronic 2.0), B230F/FS (1985-1994 - Bosch LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4)
*89 = B234F (1989-1990 740 GLE, 1991 940 GLE)
*95 = B6304F/S (1992-94 960)
*96 = B63042S (1995-1997 960, 1997 1/2 -1998 S90/V90)

Vin    Engine
*11 = B17A
*15 = B20F
*16 = B4204S
*20 = B200G
*21 = B19A, B200FT
*22 = B200GT
*24 = B19E/B200E
*25 = B204FT
*26 = B19ET
*27 = B200F
*37 = D20
*41 = B21A
*44 = B21E
*45 = B21F (1976-81 US, 1976-80 CDN, 1976-84 JAPAN)
*46 = B21ET
*47 = B21FT
*48 = B21F-LH (LH-Jet 1.0)
*49 = B21F-MPG (1981-82)
*61 = B27A
*62 = B28A
*64 = B27E
*65 = B27F
*68 = B28E, B280E
*69 = B28F, B280F [PRV V6 engine]
*74 = D24TIC (turbo &amp; intercooled) with EGR [VW diesel I6 engine]
*75 = D24TIC (turbo &amp; intercooled) without EGR [VW diesel I6 engine]
*76 = D24T (turbo, not intercooled) with EGR (1983-1985 760, 1985-1986 740) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*77 = D24 (1980-1984) [VW diesel I6 engine]
*80 = B230G
*81 = B23A, B230A, B230FK
*82 = B230GT, B230FD (LH 3.1)
*83 = B230FD w/pulsair (LH 2.4)
*84 = B23E, B230E, B230GK
*85 = B230FB
*86 = B23ET, B230ET (1983-88), B230FT - EGR (1994-98?)
*87 = B23FT (1983-1984 - LH 2.1), B230FT (LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4) - non EGR (1985-98)
*88 = B23F (1983-1984 - LH 2.0), B230F/FS (1985-95 - LH Jetronic 2.2, 2.4)
*89 = B234F
*92 = B6244F
*93 = B6254F
*95 = B6304F/S 1992-94
*96 = B6304S 1995-98
*98 = N6304G
*99 = B6254G

*11/12 = B4164   1995-2004 105HK
*10 = B4164S2   2000-2004 109HK
*13 = B4184SM   1998-2000 125HK
*15 = B4184S3
*12 = B4184S 1.8   1995-1999 115HK
*14 = B4184S2 1.8   2000-2004 122HK
*26 = B4184SJ 1.8i 1995-2004 125HK
*28 = B4184S10
*30 = B4184S9
*16 = B4204S 2.0   1995-2004 137HK
*17 = B4204S2 2.0   1995-2004 136HK
*19 = B4204T 2.0T   1998 160HK
*25 = B4204T2 2.0T   1999-2000 160HK
*29 = B4204T3 2.0T  2001-2004 160HK
*27 = B4204T4
*18 = B4194T T4   1998-1999 200HK
*24 = B4194T2   2000 200HK
*37 = B4204T5 2001-2004 200HK
*73 = D4192T2 1.9d 1999-2001 95HK
*78 = D4192T4 D  2001-2004 102HK
*70 = D4192T3 1.9D 2001-2004 115HK

*04 = B4204S4 C30/S40/V50/V70 2.0 Flexifuel FWD
*08 = B4184S8 C30/S40/V50/V70 1.8 Flexifuel FWD
*17 = B4204S2 V40 2.0L FWD
*18 = B4194T V40 1.9L Turbo FWD
*20 = B4164S3 C30 1.6 FWD
*21 = B4184S11 V50/S40 1.8
*30 = D5244T18 XC90  2.4 AWD
*31 = D5204T7 XC60
*38 = B5244S4 C30/S40/V50 2.4i FWD
*39 = B5244S7 S40/V50 2.4i FWD
*40 = B4204T11 S60/V60 2.0 T5 FWD
*41 = B5202S 850/V70 2.0i FWD
*43 = B5204T3 850/V70/S80 2.0 T5 FWD, or B4204S3 S80(2.0F 2007-2010)
*47 = B5204T 850/V70 2.0 T5 FWD
*50 = B5234T4 V70 R AWD
*51 = B5252S 850/V70 2.5i FWD or D5204T6 V40/V40CC D3/D4
*52 = B5254T4 S60/V70 R AWD 
*53 = B5234T3 S60/V70 T5 FWD
*54 = B5244T5 S60 T5 FWD 
*55 = B5254S; B5254FS 850/V70/S70 FWD
*56 = B5254T S70/V70 GLT FWD V70 XC AWD - 1999
*56 = B5244T 2000 -
*57 = B5234T 850/V70 2.3T FWD Turbo
*58 = B5234T5 1995-1997 850 T-5R/R ; B5244T3 S60/V70/S80/XC70 2000 -
*59 = B5254T2 S80/S60/XC90 2.5T FWD/AWD, V70 2.5T FWD, XC70 AWD 
*60 = B5254T10 V70/S80 2.5t FWD/AWD
*61 = B5244S S60/V70 2.4 FWD
*64 = B5244S6 S60/V70 2.4 FWD
*65 = B5244S2 S80/V70/S60 2.4 FWD 
*66 = B5244S5 S40/V50 2.4 FWD 
*67 = B5254T7 C30/C70/V50 T5 FWD/AWD
*68 = B5254T3 S40/V50 T5 FWD/AWD
*69 = D5244T5 S80/V70 2.4D FWD
*70 = D4192T3 S40/V40
*70 = D5244T10 XC60 AWD D5(205)
*71 = D5244T4 V70 AWD D5(185), XC90 AWD D5(185)
*72 = D5252T S70/S80 2.5TDi FWD
*73 = D4204T5 S60/V60
*73 = D4192T2 S40/V40
*74 = D5244T2
*75 = D4204T C30, S40 2.0D
*76 = D4164T V50, 1.6D (PSA-Ford Engine)
*77 = D5244T8 S40 D5 AT
*78 = D4192T4 S40/V40
*79 = D5244T D5(163)
*81 = D5244T7  V70 2.4 D5 93kW (2005-2007)
*82 = D5244T15 XC60/V60 AWD D5(215)
*84 = D4162T C30, V50, V70, S60 1.6D/DRIVe (PSA-Ford Engine)
*85 = B8444S XC90/S80 V8 AWD 
*88 = D5204T3 XC60
*90 = B6284T S80 2.8 T6
*91 = B6294T S80/XC90 2.9 T6
*94 = B6294S S80 2.9 FWD 
*97 = B6304S  S80 2.9 FWD
*98 = B6324S XC90/S80/V70 3.2 FWD/XC70 AWD
*99 = B6304T4 S80 3.0 T6 AWD
*A0 = B4204T43 S60/V60 Polestar 2.0L (362 hp)
*A2 = B4204T27 S60/V60, XC60, S90/V90, XC90 2.0 T6 (320 hp)
*A3 = B4204T29 S60/V60, XC60, S90/V90, XC90 2.0 T6 (310 hp)
*A4 = D4204T11 S60/V60, XC90 D5
*A5 = D5244T21 V60 2.4 D4
*A6 = D4204T12 XC40 D4
*A8 = D4204T14 V40, V60, 2.0 D4
*A9 = B6304T5 S60/V60 Polestar 3.0L (350 hp)
*AA = D82PHEV V60 Plug-In Hybrid
*AC = B4204T47 XC40 T4
*AJ = D5244T22 (220 hp)
*BR = B4204TSH S60/V60 T8, S90/V90 T8, XC60 T8, XC90 T8 (313hp+87hp)
*BK = B4204TSH S60/V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered (328hp+87hp)
*H5 = XC90 T8 (313hp+87hp)

==Position 4- 5: Engine Code 2010-==
Vin    Engine
*26 = B4204T12 '15-'18 S60 T5 Drive-E FWD, '15 V60/S80/XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*27 = B4204T10 '15 S60/XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E FWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified) 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (302 hp)
*38 = B5244S4 '10 S40/V50 2.4i FWD Man. trans.: All 50 states, Auto. trans.: States except those listed in note 1 below (ULEV emissions), '10 C30 2.4i (Canada only)
*39 = B5244S7 '10 S40/V50 2.4i FWD Auto. trans.: States listed in note 1 below (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*40 = B4204T11 '15-'16 S80/XC70 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '15-'18 S60/V60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17 S60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD, '17-'18 V60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD,&lt;br&gt; '16-'18 S60 Inscription 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17-'18 S60 Cross Country, S60 Inscription, V60 Cross Country 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD, '15-'17 XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E FWD, '17 XC60 2.0 T5 Drive-E AWD (ULEV emissions)
*49 = B4204T9 '15-'16 S60/XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E FWD, '16-'18 S60/V60 2.0 T6 Drive-E AWD, '16-'17 XC60 2.0 T6 Drive-E AWD (ULEV emissions)&lt;br&gt; 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (302 hp)
*61 = B5254T12 '13-'14 S60 T5 FWD, '13-'16 S60 T5 AWD, '15-'16 V60 T5 AWD, V60 Cross Country T5 AWD, '15.5-'16 XC60 T5 AWD, '16 S60 Inscription T5 AWD, S60 Cross Country T5 AWD, XC70 T5 AWD
*62 = B5254T5 '11-'12 S60 T5
*67 = B5254T7 '10-'13 C30 T5/C70 T5, '10-'11 S40/V50 T5 FWD, '10 S40/V50 T5 AWD
*85 = B8444S '10-'11 XC90 V8 AWD, '10 S80 V8 AWD
*90 = B6304T4 '11-'15 S80/XC70 T6 AWD, '11-'16 S60/XC60 T6 AWD, '15-'16 V60 T6 AWD
*94 = B6324S4 '11-'14 XC60/S80/XC70 3.2 FWD, '11-'15 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*95 = B6324S5 '11-'14 XC60/XC90/S80/XC70 3.2 FWD, '11-'15 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD, '11-'14 XC90 3.2 AWD (ULEV emissions)
*96 = B6324S2 '10 XC60/S80/V70 3.2 FWD, '10 XC60/XC70 3.2 AWD (SULEV emissions, PZEV certified)
*98 = B6324S '10 XC60/XC90/S80/V70 3.2 FWD, '10 XC60/XC70/XC90 3.2 AWD (ULEV emissions)
*99 = B6304T2 '10 S80/XC70/XC60 T6 AWD
*A0 = B4204T43 '17-'18 S60/V60 Polestar Edition 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (362 hp)
*A9 = B6304T5 '15-'16 S60/V60 Polestar Edition 3.0L turbo I6 (345 hp)

Note 1: CA, NY, NJ, DE, MA, VT, ME, RI, NH, CT, PA, WA, OR

CMA- &amp; SPA-platform based models:
*06 = B420T/B4204TE '22- S90/V90 Cross Country B6 Mild hybrid, '22-'23 XC60 B6 Mild hybrid, '23- XC90 B6 Mild hybrid, '23 V60 B6 Mild hybrid (Canada only)
*10 = B4204T23 (MP) '16-'22 XC90 T5, '17-'19 S90 T5, '18-'21 V90 T5, '18-'19 V90 Cross Country T5, '18-'21 XC60 T5, '19-'21 S60 T5, '19-'21 V60 T5,&lt;br&gt; '19-'22 V60 Cross Country T5
*16 = B4204T18 (MP) '19-'22 XC40 T5
*98 = B4204T23 '18 S90 T5
*99 = B4204T27 '18 S90 T6
*A2 = B4204T27/B4204TS (HP) '19-'21 S60 T6, '19 V60 T6, '20-'22 V60 T6 (Canada only), '18-'21 XC60 T6, '17-'21 S90 T6, '17 V90 T6 (Canada only),&lt;br&gt; '18-'21 V90 T6, '17-'21 V90 Cross Country T6, '16-'22 XC90 T6. 2.0L [[w:Twincharger|twincharged]] I4 (316 hp)
*AC = B4204T47 '19-'22 XC40 T4
*BC = B4204T28 (B1BPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '16-'17 XC90 T8, '18 S90 T8. (313 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*BR = B4204T28 (B1FPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '19-'22 S60 T8, '20-'22 V60 T8 (Canada only), '18-'22 S90 T8, '18-'22 XC60 T8, '18-'22 XC90 T8. &lt;br&gt; (313 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*BK = B4204T39 (B1LPHEV)/B4204TSH (HP) '20-'22 S60/V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered. (328 hp [gas] + 87 hp [electric])
*H6 = B4204T57/B4204TSH (HP) '22- S60 T8 (Extended Range), S90 T8 (Extended Range), XC60 T8 (Extended Range), XC90 T8 (Extended Range),&lt;br&gt; '22-'23 S60 T8 Polestar Engineered, '22- V60/XC60 T8 Polestar Engineered. &lt;br&gt; (312 hp [gas] + 143 hp [electric])
*K9 = B420T6/B4204T (MP) '23 XC40 B4 Mild hybrid
*L1 = B420T2/B4204T '22- S60 B5 Mild hybrid, '22-24 XC60 B5 Mild hybrid, '23- V60 Cross Country B5 Mild hybrid, XC40 B5 Mild hybrid,&lt;br&gt; '23-'24 XC90 B5 Mild hybrid
*M1 = B420T11/B4204T '25- XC60 B5 Mild hybrid, '25- XC90 B5 Mild hybrid

Notes: &lt;br&gt;
T = Turbocharged &lt;br&gt;
TS = Turbocharged &amp; Supercharged &lt;br&gt; 
TSH = &lt;u&gt;T&lt;/u&gt;urbocharged &amp; &lt;u&gt;S&lt;/u&gt;upercharged Plug-in &lt;u&gt;H&lt;/u&gt;ybrid &lt;br&gt; 
MP = Medium Pressure &lt;br&gt;
HP = High Pressure

All-Electric models:
*ED = E400V6 '21-'23 XC40 Recharge AWD, '22-'23 C40 Recharge AWD
*EH = E400V8 '24 XC40 Recharge RWD, '25- EX40 Recharge RWD, '24 C40 Recharge RWD, '25- EC40 Recharge RWD
*EK = E400V14 '25- EX30 AWD
*EL = E400V18 '25- EX30 RWD
*ER = E400V12 '24 XC40 Recharge AWD, '25- EX40 Recharge AWD, '24 C40 Recharge AWD, '25- EC40 Recharge AWD
*EV = E400V3 '25- EX90 AWD
*E2 = E400V13 '25- EX90 AWD Performance

==Position 8: Body Style (1981-1991)/Emissions Code (1992-2009)==
'''[1981-1991] Body Style'''
*2 = 2 Door / 2 Door Coupe (US/Canada 780 Coupe by Bertone)
*4 = 4 Door
*5 = 5 Door (Wagon)
*7 = 2 Door Coupe (262C Coupe by Bertone)

'''[1992-2009] Emission Control Equipment'''
*0 = Federal (49-state) non-EGR Bosch / Engine codes 55, 82, 83, 87, 88, 95; SULEV+ (Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 39, 55, 64, 72
*1 = 50-state w/EGR Bosch / Engine codes 55, 57, 82, 83, 86, 88, 95
*2 = ULEV2 (Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 38, 41, 51, 59, 61, 67, 68, 85, 98, 99 
*3 = Federal (49-state) non-EGR Bendix / Engine Code 88
*4 = Engine Codes 71
*5 = ?
*7 = LEV2 (Low Emissions Vehicle) / Engine Codes 52, 54
*8 = Engine Codes 70
*C = EURO 6
*D = L6
*K = What the mean???
*L = What does it mean?
*V = what does it mean?
*U = PHEV

==Position 6: Emissions Code/Version Divider 2010-==
*0 = SULEV+ (2010-2015) [2010: VIN position 4-5 Engine code 39, 96]
*0 = TZEV (2016-2017)
*0 = TZEV (S90/XC90/XC60 PHEV 2018-), (S60 PHEV 2019-), (V60 PHEV 2020-)
*2 = ULEV2 (2010-2017) [2010: VIN position 4-5 Engine code 38, 67, 85, 98, 99]
*2 = ULEV (S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC90/XC60, S60 Inscription engine code 40) (2018)
*2 = ULEV (S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC40/XC60/XC90) (2019-2021)
*2 = SULEV (S60/V60/S90/V90/V90 Cross Country/XC60/XC90) (2019-2021)
*2 = ULEV (S60/V60 Cross Country/XC40/XC60/XC90) (2022-)
*2 = SULEV (S60/S90/V90 Cross Country/XC60/XC90) (2022-), (V60 [Canada only] 2022-2023)
*3 = BEV (XC40 Recharge, C40 Recharge, EX40, EC40, EX30, EX90)
*M = SULEV+ w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 26 &amp; 27) or ULEV2 w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 40 &amp; 49) (2015)
*M = SULEV2+ w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 26) or ULEV3 w/Stop-Start (Engine Code 40 &amp; 49) (2016-2017)
*M = ULEV (S60/V60, S60 Cross Country/V60 Cross Country) (2018)

==Position 9: Check Digit/Gearbox==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]
* Elsewhere used for gearbox:
: 700/900/90 series gearbox
: 1 = M90 manual
: 2 = M46 Manual
: 3 = M47 Manual
: 5 = ZF22
: 6 = AW70/71/72 lock-up
: 7 = AW70/71 no lock-up
: 850/60/70/80 series
: 1 = M59 manual
: 2 = M56 Manual
: 3 = M58 Manual
: 4 = M66 Manual
: 5 = AW55-51SN Auto
: 6 = AW42 Auto
: 7 = AW50AWD Auto
: 8 = AW42AWD Auto
: 9 = AW55-50SN Auto C30/V50, AW55-51 S40D5 AT
: 0 = [[wikipedia:AWTF-80_SC|AWTF-80 SC]]
: 2 = MTX75 Manual
: D = Automatic

==Position 10: Year Model Code==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Position 11: Plant of Assembly Code==
*0 = [Sweden] Kalmar Plant
*1 = [Sweden] Torslanda Plant VCT 21 (Volvo Torslandaverken) (Gothenburg) 
*2 = [Belgium] Ghent Plant VCG 22
*3 = [Canada] Halifax, Nova Scotia Plant
*4 = [Thailand] - Samut Prakarn (Thai-Swedish Assembly Co. Ltd.)
*5 = [Malaysia] - Shah Alam (Volvo Car Manufacturing Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.)
*6 = [Australia] - Clayton, Victoria (Motor Producers Ltd./Nissan Motor Australia)
*7 = [Indonesia] - North Jakarta (PT Indonesia Swedish Manufacturing Co.)
*A = [Sweden] Uddevalla Plant VCU 38 (Volvo Cars) 1991-1993 940
*B = [China] - Chengdu, Sichuan Province
*C = [The Netherlands] Born Plant (Volvo Car BV / NedCar BV) (Volvo 300-series and 400-series)
*D = [Italy] - Grugliasco. Bertone plant: 262C (US/Canada), 780
*E = [Singapore] - Jurong (Singapore Nissan Motors)
*F = [The Netherlands] Born Plant (NedCar BV) (Volvo S40/V40)
*G = [United States] Charleston Plant - Ridgeville, South Carolina (Volvo Car US Operations)
*J = [Sweden] Uddevalla Plant (AutoNova/Pininfarina Sverige AB) (Volvo C70)
*L = [China] - Luqiao District, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province (AELQ plant)
*P = [China] - Daqing, Heilongjiang Province
*S = [China] - Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province (Volvo EX30)

==Position 12-17 - Production Sequence Number==

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The '''Iranian Revolution''' (also known as the '''Islamic Revolution''',&lt;ref name = &quot;Chamber&quot;&gt;[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolution/islamic_revolution.php  Islamic Revolution], Iran Chamber.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Encarta&quot;&gt;[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761588431/Islamic_Revolution_of_Iran.html  Islamic Revolution of Iran], MS Encarta.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.internews.org/visavis/BTVPagesTXT/Theislamicrevolution.html  The Islamic Revolution], Internews.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iranian.com/revolution.html  Iranian Revolution].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Jubilee&quot;&gt;[http://www.jubileecampaign.org/home/jubilee/iran_profile.pdf  Iran Profile], PDF.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''The Shah and the Ayatollah: Iranian Mythology and Islamic Revolution'' (Hardcover), {{ISBN|0-275-97858-3}}, by Fereydoun Hoveyda, brother of Amir Abbas Hoveyda.&lt;/ref&gt; '''Persian: انقلاب اسلامی''', Enghelābe Eslāmi) was the revolution that transformed Iran from a monarchy&lt;ref&gt;An [[w:w:Iranian monarchy|]] is the kind of monarchy Iran was.&lt;/ref&gt; under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution and founder of the Islamic Republic.&lt;ref name = &quot;Britannica&quot;&gt;[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-32981  Encyclopædia Britannica].&lt;/ref&gt;  It has been called &quot;the third great revolution in history,&quot; following the French and Russian revolutions,&lt;ref&gt;Marvin Zonis quoted in Wright, ''Sacred Rage'', 1996, p.61&lt;/ref&gt; and an event that &quot;made Islamic fundamentalism a political force ... from Morocco to Malaysia.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Nasr, Vali, ''The Shia Revival'', Norton, (2006), p.121&lt;/ref&gt;

Although some might argue that the revolution is still ongoing (not complete), its time span can be said to have begun in January 1978 with the first major demonstrations to overthrow the Shah (empowered by external Anglo-American interests, both political as economical),&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch29ir.html  The Iranian Revolution].&lt;/ref&gt; and concluded with the approval of the new theocratic Constitution — whereby Khomeini became Supreme Leader&lt;ref&gt;[[w:w:Supreme Leader|]]&lt;/ref&gt; of the country — in December 1979.  In between, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi fled Iran in January 1979 after strikes and demonstrations paralyzed the country, and on February 1, 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Tehran to a greeting by several million Iranians.&lt;ref name = &quot;Britannica Khomeini&quot;&gt;[http://www.britanniaca.com/eb/article-9045329  Ruhollah Khomeini], Encyclopedia Britannica.&lt;/ref&gt; The final collapse of the Pahlavi dynasty occurred shortly after on February 11 when Iran's military declared itself &quot;neutral&quot; after guerrillas and rebel troops overwhelmed troops loyal to the Shah in armed street fighting. Iran officially became an Islamic Republic on April 1, 1979, when Iranians overwhelmingly approved a national referendum to make it so.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-202892  Iran Islamic Republic], Encyclopedia Britannica.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The revolution was unique for the surprise it created throughout the world:&lt;ref&gt;Amuzegar, ''The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution,'' (1991), p.4, 9-12&lt;/ref&gt; it lacked many of the customary causes of revolution — defeat at war, a financial crisis, peasant rebellion, or disgruntled military;&lt;ref&gt;Arjomand, ''Turban'' (1988), p. 191.&lt;/ref&gt; produced profound change at great speed;&lt;ref&gt;Amuzegar, Jahangir, ''The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution,'' SUNY Press, p.10&lt;/ref&gt; overthrew a regime thought to be heavily protected by a lavishly financed army and security services;&lt;ref&gt;Harney, ''Priest'' (1998), p. 2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian ''Iran'' (1982), p. 496.&lt;/ref&gt; and replaced an ancient monarchy with a theocracy based on Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists&lt;ref&gt;[[w:w:Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists|]]&lt;/ref&gt; (or ''velayat-e faqih''). Its outcome, an Islamic Republic &quot;under the guidance of an 80-year-old exiled religious scholar from Qom&lt;ref&gt;[[w:w:Qom|]] is a city in Iran.&lt;/ref&gt;,&quot; was, as one scholar put it, &quot;clearly an occurrence that had to be explained.…&quot;&lt;ref name = &quot;Benard 1984 18&quot;&gt;Benard, ''&quot;The Government of God&quot;'' (1984), p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Not so unique but more intense is the dispute over the revolution's results. For some it was an era of heroism and sacrifice that brought forth nothing less than the nucleus of a world Islamic state, &quot;a perfect model of splendid, humane, and divine life… for all the peoples of the world.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, [http://www.memritv.org/Transcript.asp?P1=1288  &quot;As Soon as Iran Achieves Advanced Technologies, It Has the Capacity to Become an Invincible Global Power],&quot; 9/28/2006 Clip No. 1288.&lt;/ref&gt; At the other extreme, disillusioned Iranians explain the revolution as a time when &quot;for a few years we all lost our minds,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Shirley, ''Know Thine Enemy'' (1997), pp. 98, 104, 195.&lt;/ref&gt; and as a system that, &quot;promised us heaven, but ... created a hell on earth.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Akhbar Ganji talking to Afshin Molavi.  Molavi, Afshin, ''The Soul of Iran,'' Norton paperback, (2005), p.156.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Reasons for the revolution==
Explanations advanced for why the revolution happened and took the form it did include actions of the Shah and the mistakes and successes of the different political forces:

===Errors of the Shah===

.&lt;ref&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1998), pp. 259, 261.&lt;/ref&gt; This included his original installation by Allied Powers and assistance from the CIA in 1953 to restore him to the throne, the use of large numbers of US military advisers and technicians and the [[w:capitulation|capitulation]] or granting of diplomatic immunity from prosecution to them, all of which led nationalistic Iranians, both religious and secular&lt;ref name = &quot;Khomeini&quot;&gt;[http://www.irib.ir/worldservice/imam/speech/16.htm Khomeini's speech against capitalism], IRIB World Service.&lt;/ref&gt; to consider him a puppet of the West;&lt;ref&gt;Brumberg, ''Reinventing Khomeini'' (2001).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Shirley 1997 207&quot;&gt;Shirley, ''Know Thine Enemy'' (1997), p. 207.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Extravagance, corruption and elitism (both real and perceived) of the Shah's policies and of his [[w:royal court|royal court]];&lt;ref&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1998), pp. 236, 260.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Harney 1998&quot;&gt;Harney, ''The Priest'' (1998), pp. 37, 47, 67, 128, 155, 167.&lt;/ref&gt;
*His failure to cultivate supporters in the [[w:Shi'a|Shi'a]] religious leadership to counter Khomeini's campaign against him;&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985), p. 136.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Arjomand 1998 192&quot;&gt;Arjomand ''Turban'' (1998), p. 192.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*Focusing of government surveillance and repression on the [[w:People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin of Iran]], the communist [[w:Tudeh Party of Iran|Tudeh Party of Iran]], and other leftist groups, while the more popular religious opposition organized, grew and gradually undermined the authority of his regime;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 178.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Hoveyda 2003 22&quot;&gt;Hoveyda ''Shah'' (2003) p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Abrahamian 1982 533-4&quot;&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), pp. 533–4.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*[[w:Despotism|Authoritarian tendencies]] that violated the [[w:Iran Constitution of 1906|Iran Constitution of 1906]],&lt;ref&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1998), p. 219.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Katouzian 1981&quot;&gt;Katouzian (1981), [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0814745784  The Political Economy of Modern Iran]: Despotism and Pseudo-Modernism, 1926–1979.&lt;/ref&gt; including repression of dissent by [[w:security services|security services]] like the [[w:SAVAK|SAVAK]],&lt;ref&gt;Kapuscinski, ''Shah of Shahs'' (1985).&lt;/ref&gt; followed by [[w:appeasement|appeasement]] and appearance of weakness as the revolution gained momentum;&lt;ref name = &quot;Taheri 1985 234-5&quot;&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985) pp. 234–5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Harney 1998 65&quot;&gt;Harney, ''The Priest'' (1998), p. 65.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Failure of his overly ambitious 1974 economic program to meet expectations raised by the oil revenue windfall. Bottlenecks, shortages and inflation were followed by austerity measures, attacks on alleged price gougers and black-markets, that angered both the bazaar and the masses;&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), pp. 19, 96.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*His antagonizing of formerly apolitical Iranians, especially merchants of the bazaars, with the creation of a [[w:single party|single party]] political monopoly (the ''[[w:Rastakhiz|Rastakhiz]]'' Party), with compulsory membership and dues, and general aggressive interference in the political, economic, and religious concerns of people's lives;&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran Between Two Revolutions'' (1982) pp. 442–6.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* His overconfident neglect of [[w:governance|governance]] and preoccupation with playing the world statesman during the oil boom,&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985) p. 205.&lt;/ref&gt; followed by a loss of self-confidence and resolution&lt;ref name = &quot;Taheri 1985 234-5&quot; /&gt; and a weakening of his health from [[w:cancer|cancer]]&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 188.&lt;/ref&gt; as the revolution gained momentum; 
*Underestimation of the strength of the opposition — particularly religious opposition — and the failure to offer either enough carrots or sticks. Efforts to please the opposition were &quot;too little too late,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran''  (1980) p. 231.&lt;/ref&gt; but no concerted counter-attack was made against the revolutionaries either.&lt;ref name = &quot;Taheri 1985 234-5&quot; /&gt;
*Failure to prepare and train security forces for dealing with protest and demonstration, failure to use crowd control without excessive violence&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980) p. 228.&lt;/ref&gt; (troops used live ammunition, not Plexiglas shields or water cannons),&lt;ref&gt;Harney, ''The Priest'' (1998).&lt;/ref&gt; and use of the military officer corps more as a powerbase to be pampered than as a force to control threats to security;&lt;ref name = &quot;Graham 1980 235&quot;&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), p. 235.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*The personalised nature of the Shah's government, where prevention of any possible competitor to the monarch trumped efficient and effective government and led to the crown's cultivation of divisions within the army and the political elite,&lt;ref&gt;Arjomand, ''Turban'' (1998), pp. 189–90.&lt;/ref&gt; and ultimately to a lack of support for the regime by its natural allies when needed most (thousands of upper and middle class Iranians and their money left Iran during the beginning of the revolution).&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985), p. 233.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Failures and successes of other political forces=== 
&lt;!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Khomeini-1.gif|thumb|left|A poster from the Iranian revolution. In this one, a figure representing Israel and America stands over the shah, who is intertwined with a serpent.|{{deletable image-caption|1=Sunday, 25 November 2007}}]] --&gt;
*Overconfidence of the secularists and modernist Muslims, of liberals and leftists in their power and ability to control the revolution;&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''The Constitution of Iran'' (1997), pp. 293–4.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Shrewdness of the Ayatollah Khomeini in winning the support of these liberals and leftists when he needed them to overthrow the Shah by underplaying his hand and avoiding issues (such as rule by clerics or &quot;guardianship of the jurists&quot;) he planned to implement but knew would be a deal breaker for his more secular and modernist Muslim allies;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 200.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Cleverness and energy of Khomeini's organizers in Iran who outwitted the Shah's security forces and won broad support with their tactical ingenuity — amongst other things, convincing Iranians that the Shah's security was more brutal than it was;&lt;ref name = &quot;Graham 1980 235&quot; /&gt;
*The Ayatollah Khomeini's self-confidence, charisma, and most importantly his ability to cast himself as following in the footsteps of the beloved Shi'a Imam [[w:Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn ibn Ali]], while portraying the Shah as a modern day version of Hussein's foe, the hated tyrant [[w:Yazid I|Yazid I]];&lt;ref&gt;Brumberg, ''Reinventing Khomeini'' (2001), pp. 44, 74–5.&lt;/ref&gt; and so to be seen by millions as a savior figure,&lt;ref name = &quot;Taheri 1985 238&quot;&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985), p. 238.&lt;/ref&gt; and inspiring hundreds to feats of martyrdom fighting the regime. 
* Policies of the American government, which helped create an image of the Shah as American &quot;puppet&quot; with their high profile and the 1953 subversion of the government on his behalf, but helped trigger the revolution by pressuring the Shah to liberalize, and then finally may have heightened the radicalism of the revolution by failing to read its nature accurately (particularly the goals of Khomeini), or to clearly respond to it.&lt;ref&gt;Harney, ''The Priest'' (1998), p. 177.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Graham 1980 233&quot;&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980) p. 233.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Zabih 1982 16&quot;&gt;Zabih, ''Iran'' (1982), p. 16.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ideology of Iranian revolution==
{{POV|date=December 2007}}
{{TODO| [[Wikipedia:Ideology of Iranian Revolution]]}}

The ideology of the revolution can be summarized as [[w:populism|populist]], [[w:nationalism|nationalist]] and most of all Shi'a Islamic.   

[[Image:Shariati hospital tehran.jpg|thumb|right|One of [[w:Tehran|Tehran]]'s major hospitals is named after renowned Iranian sociologist [[w:Ali Shariati|Ali Shariati]] (located in [[w:Amir abad|Amir abad]] district.)]]

Contributors to the ideology included [[w:Jalal Al-e-Ahmad|Jalal Al-e-Ahmad]], who formulated ''[[w:Gharbzadegi|Gharbzadegi]]'' -- the idea that Western culture was a plague or an intoxication that alienated Muslims from their roots and identity and must be fought and expelled.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mackay 1996 215,64-5&quot;&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1996) pp. 215, 264–5.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[w:Ali Shariati|Ali Shariati]] influenced many young Iranians with his interpretation of Islam as the one true way of awakening the oppressed and liberating the [[w:Third World|Third World]] from [[w:colonialism|colonialism]] and [[w:neo-colonialism|neo-colonialism]].&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'', (2003) p.201-7&lt;/ref&gt;  

And most of all Ayatollah Khomeini, the man who dominated the revolution itself. He preached that revolt, and especially martyrdom, against injustice and tyranny was part of Shia Islam,&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/w/wright-revolution.html?_r=1 The Last Great Revolution Turmoil and Transformation in Iran], by Robin WRIGHT.&lt;/ref&gt;  that Muslims should reject the influence of both Soviet and American superpowers in Iran with the slogan &quot;not Eastern, nor Western - Islamic Republican&quot; ([[Persian language|Persian]]: نه شرقی نه غربی جمهوری اسلامی)  

Even more importantly he developed the ideology of ''velayat-e faqih,'' that Muslims, in fact everyone, required &quot;guardianship,&quot; in the form of rule or supervision by the leading Islamic jurist or jurists -- such as Khomeini himself.&lt;ref&gt;Dabashi, ''Theology of Discontent'' (1993), p.419, 443&lt;/ref&gt;  Rule by Islamic jurists would protect Islam from innovation and deviation by following traditional [[w:sharia|sharia]] law exclusively, and in so doing would prevent poverty, injustice, and the &quot;plundering&quot; of Muslim land by foreign unbelievers.&lt;ref&gt;Khomeini; Algar, ''Islam and Revolution,'' p.52, 54, 80&lt;/ref&gt;

Establishing and obeying this Islamic government was so important it was &quot;actually an expression of obedience to God,&quot; ultimately &quot;more necessary even than prayer and fasting&quot; for Islam because without it true Islam will not survive. &lt;ref&gt;See: [[w:Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)#Importance_of_Islamic_Government|Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)#Importance_of_Islamic_Government]]&lt;/ref&gt; It was a universal principle, not one confined to Iran. All the world needed and deserved just government, i.e. true Islamic government. &lt;ref&gt; [http://almashriq.hiof.no/lebanon/300/320/324/324.2/hizballah/warn2/shiism.html#khomeinism khomeinism] &lt;/ref&gt;

This revolutionary vision of theocratic government was in stark contrast to that of other revolutionaries - traditionalist Shia clerics, Iran's democratic secularists and Islamic leftists. Consequently, prior to the overthrow of the Shah, the revolution's ideology was known for its &quot;imprecision&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian ''Iran''(1982), p.478-9&lt;/ref&gt; or &quot;vague character,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Amuzegar, ''Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution'' (1991), p.10&lt;/ref&gt; with the specific character of velayat-e faqih/theocratic waiting to be made public when the time was right.&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran'' (1997) p.29-32&lt;/ref&gt; Khomeini believed the opposition to velayat-e faqih/theocratic government by the other revolutionaries was the result of propaganda campaign by foreign imperialists eager to prevent Islam from putting a stop to their plundering. This propaganda was so insidious it had penetrated even Islamic seminaries and made it necessary to &quot;observe the principles of [[w:taqiyya|taqiyya]]&quot; (i.e. dissimulation of the truth in defense of Islam), when talking about (or not talking about) Islamic government.
&lt;ref&gt;See: [[w:Hokumat-e Islami : Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)#Why_Islamic_Government_has_not_been_established|Hokumat-e Islami : Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)#Why_Islamic_Government_has_not_been_established]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Khomeini and Algar, ''Islam and Revolution'' (1981), p.34&lt;/ref&gt;

In the end, the revolutionary ideology prevailed. Khoemini and his core supporters worked determinedly to establish a government led by Islamic clerics, and opposition from the different factions was defeated, sometimes violently.  (see below: Khomeini takes power, [[w:Iranian Revolution#Consolidation_of_power_by_Khomeini|Consolidation of power by Khomeini]] and Opposition to the revolution)

==Background of the revolution==
===Pahlavi dynasty and its secular, anti-clerical policies===
Following the [[w:Iranian Constitutional Revolution|Iranian Constitutional Revolution]] of 1906, [[w:Iranian Constitution of 1906|Iran's first constitution]] came into effect, approved by the [[w:Majlis of Iran|Majlis]]. The constitution established a special place for [[w:Twelver|Twelver]] [[w:Shi'a|Shi'a]] [[Islam]]. It declared [[Islam]] the [[w:official religion|official religion]] of Iran, specified that the Shi'a clergy were to determine whether laws passed in the majlis  were  &quot;comfortable to the principles of Islam&quot;, and that of committee of the clergy were to approve all laws, and required the Shah to promote the [[w:Twelver|Twelver]] [[w:Shi'a|Shi'a]] [[Islam]], and adhere to its principles. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Iran_const_1906.doc&lt;/ref&gt; (See: [[w:Iranian Constitution of 1906#The supplementary fundamental laws of October 7, 1907|Supplementary Fundamental Laws]])

However, after the rise of [[w:Pahlavi dynasty|the Pahlavi]] dynasty, [[w:Reza Shah|Reza Pahlavi]], like his contemporary [[w:Atatürk|Atatürk]], tried to secularize and westernize Iran. He marginalized the Shi'a clergy, and put an end to Islamic laws and tried unveiling women. Reza Pahlavi tried to secularize Iran by ignoring the religious constitution. By the mid-1930s, Reza Shah's  style of rule had caused intense dissatisfaction to the [[w:Shi'a Islam|Shi'a]] [[w:Shi'a clergy|clergy]] throughout Iran, thus creating a gap between religious institutions and the government.&lt;ref&gt;Rajaee, Farhang, ''[http://webstorage1.mcpa.virginia.edu/library/mc/forums/published/americanvalues13.pdf Islamic Values and World View: Farhang Khomeyni on Man, the State and International Politics, Volume XIII]'' (PDF), University Press of America. {{ISBN|0-8191-3578-X}}&lt;/ref&gt; He banned traditional Iranian dress for both men and women, in favour of western dress.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kap&quot;&gt;[[w:Ryszard Kapuściński|Kapuściński, Ryszard]]. ''[[w:Shah of Shahs|Shah of Shahs]].'' Translated from Polish by William R. Brand and Katarzyna Mroczkowska-Brand. New York: Vintage International, 1992.&lt;/ref&gt; Women who resisted this compulsory unveiling had their [[w:chador|chador]]s forcibly removed and torn. He dealt harshly with opposition: troops were sent to massacre protesters at mosques and [[w:nomad|nomad]]s who refused to settle. Both liberal and religious newspapers were closed and many imprisoned.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kap&quot;/&gt; 

===1940s: The Shah comes to power===
[[w:Shah|Shah]] [[w:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] came to power in 1941 after the deposing of his father, [[w:Reza Shah|Reza Shah]], by an invasion of allied British and Soviet troops in 1941.  [[w:Reza Shah|Reza Shah]], a military man, had been known for his determination to modernize Iran and his hostility to the clerical class (''[[w:ulema|ulema]]''). Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi held power until the 1979 revolution with a brief interruption in 1953; when he had faced an attempted revolution. In that year he briefly fled the country after a power-struggle had emerged between himself and his [[w:Prime Minister|Prime Minister]] [[w:Mohammad Mossadegh|Mohammad Mossadegh]], who had [[w:nationalize|nationalize]]d the country's [[w:oil fields|oil fields]] and  sought control of the armed forces.  Mossadegh had been voted into power through a democratic election.  Through a military coup d'etat aided by a [[w:CIA|CIA]] and [[w:MI6|MI6]] [[w:covert operation|covert operation]], [[w:codename|codename]]d [[w:Operation Ajax|Operation Ajax]], Mossadegh was overthrown and  arrested and the Shah returned to the throne.  Iranian sentiment has remembered this undermining of Iranian democratic process as a chief complaint against the United States and Britain. 

Like his father, Shah Pahlavi vainly sought to modernize and &quot;westernize&quot; a country severely underdeveloped by his own politics. As R. Kapuchinsky has authoritatively stated, these attempts were daunted by the lack of education of Iran's labor force and big gaps in technical and industrial facilities. He retained close relationships with the [[w:United States|United States]] and several other western countries, and was frequently recognized by the American presidential administrations for his policies and steadfast opposition to [[Communism]]. Opposition to his government came from leftist, nationalist and religious groups who criticized it for violating the Iranian constitution, [[w:political corruption|political corruption]], and the savage political oppression of the [[w:SAVAK|SAVAK]] (secret police).    Of ultimate importance to the opposition were the religious figures of the ''[[w:Ulema|Ulema]],'' or [[w:clergy|clergy]], who had shown themselves to be a vocal political voice in Iran with the 19th century [[w:Tobacco Protests|Tobacco Protests]] against a concession to a foreign interest. The clergy had a significant influence on the majority of Iranians who tended to be the religious, traditional and alienated from any process of Westernization.

===1960s: Rise of Ayatollah Khomeini===
{{TODO| See if Wikipedia Image:Imam Khomeini - has exiled.jpg Ayatollah Khomeini is needed and move it to Commons or Wikibook}} 

Khomeini, the future leader of the Iranian revolution was declared as a [[w:marja|marja]], by the [[w:Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom|Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom]] in 1963, following the death of Grand Ayatollah [[w:Seyyed Husayn Borujerdi|Seyyed Husayn Borujerdi]]. He also came to political prominence that year leading opposition to the Shah and his program of reforms known as the [[w:White Revolution|White Revolution]]. Khomeini attacked the Shah's program — breaking up property owned by some Shi’a clergy, [[w:universal suffrage|universal suffrage]] (voting rights for women), changes in the election laws that allowed [[w:election|election]] of [[w:religious minorities|religious minorities]] to office, and changes in the [[w:civil code|civil code]] which granted women legal equality in marital issues — declaring that the Shah had &quot;embarked on the destruction of Islam in Iran.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Nehzat'' by Ruhani vol. 1 p. 195, quoted in Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Following Khomeini's public denunciation of the Shah as a &quot;wretched miserable man&quot; and arrest on [[w:June 5|June 5]], [[w:1963|1963]], three days of major riots erupted throughout Iran with police using deadly force to quell it.  The Pahlavi government said 86 killed in the rioting; Khomeini supporters stated at least 15,000 killed;&lt;ref&gt;''Islam and Revolution'', p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt; while some say that post-revolutionary reports from police files indicate more than 380 were killed.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 112.&lt;/ref&gt;  Khomeini was kept under house arrest for 8 months and released. He continued to agitate against the Shah on issues including the [[w:Shah|Shah]]'s close cooperation with [[Israel]] and especially the Shah's &quot;capitulations&quot; of extending diplomatic immunity to American military personnel.  In November 1964 Khomeini was re-arrested and sent into exile where he remained for 14 years until  the revolution.

A period of &quot;disaffected calm&quot; followed.&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' 1980, p. 69.&lt;/ref&gt; Dissent was suppressed by [[w:SAVAK|SAVAK]] security service but the budding Islamic revival began to undermine the idea of Westernization as progress that was the basis of the Shah's secular regime.  Jala Al-e Ahmad's idea of ''[[w:Gharbzadegi|Gharbzadegi]]'' (the plague of Western culture), [[w:Ali Shariati|Ali Shariati]]'s leftist interpretation of Islam, and Morteza Morahhari's popularized retellings of the Shia faith, all spread and gained listeners, readers and supporters.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mackay 1996 215,64-5&quot;&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1996) pp. 215, 264–5.&lt;/ref&gt;  Most importantly, Khomeini developed and propagated his theory that Islam requires an Islamic government by ''wilayat al-faqih,'' i.e. rule by the leading Islamic jurist. In a series of lectures in early 1970, later published as a book (''[[w:Hokumat-e Islami : Velayat-e faqih (book by Khomeini)|Hokumat-e Islami, Velayat-e faqih]]'', or ''Islamic government, Guardianship of the jurist'' in English), Khomeini argued that Islam requires obedience to [[w:sharia|sharia]] law alone, and this in turn requires that the leading Islamic jurist or jurists must not only guide Muslims but run the government.
 
While Khomeini did not talk about this concept in interviews and talks with outsiders, the book was widely distributed in religious circles, especially among Khomeini's students (''talabeh''), ex-students (clerics), and [[w:small business|small business]] leaders. This group also began to develop what would become a powerful and efficient network of opposition&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985), p. 196.&lt;/ref&gt; inside Iran, employing mosque sermons, smuggled cassette speeches by Khomeini, and other means.  Added to this religious opposition were more modernist students and guerrilla groups&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), p. 213.&lt;/ref&gt; who admired Khomeini's leadership though they were to clash with and be suppressed by his movement after the revolution.

===1970s: Pre-revolutionary conditions and events inside Iran===

Several events in the 1970s set the stage for the 1979 revolution:

In October 1971, the [[w:2,500 year celebration of Iran's monarchy|2,500th anniversary of the founding of the Persian Empire]] was held at the site of [[w:Persepolis|Persepolis]].  Only foreign dignitaries were invited to the three-day party whose extravagances included over one ton of [[w:caviar|caviar]], and preparation by some two hundred chefs flown in from [[w:Paris|Paris]]. Cost was officially $40 million but estimated to be more in the range of $100–120 million.&lt;ref&gt;Hiro, Dilip. Iran Under the Ayatollahs. London: Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul. 1985. p. 57.&lt;/ref&gt;  Meanwhile, the provinces of Baluchistan and Sistan, and even Fars where the celebrations were held, were suffering from drought. &quot;As the foreigners reveled on drink forbidden by Islam, Iranians were not only excluded from the festivities, some were starving.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Wright, ''Last'' (2000), p. 220.&lt;/ref&gt; 

By late 1974 the oil boom had begun to produce not &quot;the Great Civilization&quot; promised by the Shah, but an &quot;alarming&quot; increase in inflation and waste and an &quot;accelerating gap&quot; between the rich and poor, the city and the country.&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980) p. 94.&lt;/ref&gt; Nationalistic Iranians were angered by the tens of thousand of skilled foreign workers who came to Iran, many of them to help operate the already unpopular and expensive American high-tech military equipment that the Shah had spent hundreds of millions of dollars on. 

The next year the ''[[w:Rastakhiz|Rastakhiz]]'' party was created. It became not only the only party Iranians could belong to, but one the &quot;whole adult population&quot; was required to belong and pay dues to.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 174.&lt;/ref&gt; Attempts by this party to take a populist stand with &quot;anti-profiteering&quot; campaigns fining and jailing merchants, proved not only economically harmful but also politically counterproductive. Inflation was replaced by a black market and declining business activity. Merchants were angered and alienated.&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1976, the Shah's government angered pious Iranian Muslims by changing the first year of the Iranian solar calendar from the Islamic ''hijri'' to the ascension to the throne by [[w:Cyrus the Great|Cyrus the Great]]. &quot;Iran jumped overnight from the Muslim year 1355 to the royalist year 2535.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), p. 444.&lt;/ref&gt; The same year the Shah declared economic austerity measures to dampen inflation and waste.  The resulting unemployment disproportionately affected the thousands of recent poor and unskilled migrants to the cities. Culturally and religiously conservative and already disposed to view the Shah's secularism and Westernization as &quot;alien and wicked&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 163.&lt;/ref&gt; many of these same people went on to form the core of revolution's demonstrators and &quot;martyrs&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), p. 226.&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1977 a new American President, [[w:Jimmy Carter|Jimmy Carter]], was inaugurated.  In hopes of making post-Vietnam American power and foreign policy more benevolent, he created a special Office of Human Rights which sent the Shah a &quot;polite reminder&quot; of the importance of political rights and freedom.  The Shah responded by granting amnesty to 357 political prisoners in February, and allowing Red Cross to visit prisons, beginning what is said to be 'a trend of liberalization by the Shah'. Through the late spring, summer and autumn liberal opposition formed organizations and issued open letters denouncing the regime.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), pp. 501–3.&lt;/ref&gt; Later that year a dissent group (the Writers' Association) gathered without the customary police break-up and arrests, starting a new era of political action by the Shah's opponents.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), pp. 183–4.&lt;/ref&gt;  

That year also saw the death of the very popular and influential modernist Islamist leader [[w:Ali Shariati|Ali Shariati]], allegedly at the hands of SAVAK, removing a potential revolutionary rival to Khomeini. Finally, in October Khomeini's son Mostafa died. Though the cause appeared to be a heart attack, anti-Shah groups blamed SAVAK poisoning and proclaimed him a 'martyr.'  A subsequent memorial service for Mostafa in Tehran put Khomeini back in the spotlight and began the process of building Khomeini into the leading opponent of the Shah.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), pp. 184–5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Taheri 1985 182-3&quot;&gt;Taheri, ''Spirit'' (1985), pp. 182–3.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Oppositions groups and organizations===
Opposition groups under the Shah tended to fall into three major categories: [[w:constitutionalism|constitutionalist]], [[w:Marxist|Marxist]], and [[w:Islamist|Islamist]].

Constitutionalists, including [[w:National Front of Iran|National Front of Iran]], wanted to revive [[w:constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchy]] including free elections. Without elections or outlets for peaceful political activity though, they had lost their relevance and had little following.

Marxists groups were illegal and heavily suppressed by [[w:SAVAK|SAVAK]] internal security apparatus. They included the [[w:Tudeh Party of Iran|Tudeh Party of Iran]]; the [[w:Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas|Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas]] (OIPFG) and the breakaway [[w:Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas|Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas]] (IPFG), two armed organizations; and some minor groups.&lt;ref name = &quot;Process&quot;&gt;[http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0304-2421(199606)25%3A3%3C349%3AICAATR%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9 &quot;Ideology, Culture, and Ambiguity: The Revolutionary Process in Iran&quot;], ''Theory and Society'', Vol. 25, No. 3 (Jun., 1996), pp. 349–88.&lt;/ref&gt;  Their aim was to defeat the Pahlavi regime by assassination and guerilla war. Although they played an important part in the revolution, they never developed a large base of support.  

Islamists were divided into several groups.  The [[w:Freedom Movement of Iran|Freedom Movement of Iran]] was formed by religious members of the [[w:National Front of Iran|National Front of Iran]]. It also was a constitutional group and wanted to use lawful political methods against the Shah. This movement comprised [[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Bazargan]] and [[w:Taleqani|Taleqani]]. The [[w:People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin of Iran]] was a quasi-Marxist armed organization that opposed the influence of the clergy and later fought the Islamic government.  Individual writers and speakers like Ali Shariati and Morteza Morahhari did important work outside of these parties and groups. 

Amongst the close followers of Ayatollah Khomeini, there were some minor armed Islamist groups which joined together after the revolution in the [[w:Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization|Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution Organization]].  The [[w:Islamic Coalition Party|Coalition of Islamic Societies]] was founded by religious bazaaris&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p.80&lt;/ref&gt; (traditional merchants).  The [[w:Combatant Clergy Association|Combatant Clergy Association]]  comprised [[w:Motahhari|Motahhari]], [[w:Beheshti|Beheshti]], [[w:Bahonar|Bahonar]], [[w:Rafsanjani|Rafsanjani]] and Mofatteh who later became the major governors of Islamic Republic. They used a cultural approach to fight the Shah.

Because of internal repression, opposition groups abroad, like the Confederation of Iranian students, the foreign branch of [[w:Freedom Movement of Iran|Freedom Movement of Iran]] and the Islamic association of students, were important to the revolution.

==1978: Outbreak of the Revolution==
The early visible opposition by liberals was based in the urban [[w:middle class|middle class]], a section of the population that was fairly secular and wanted the Shah to adhere to the [[w:Iranian Constitution of 1906|Iranian Constitution of 1906]], not a republic ruled by Islamic clerics.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran Between'' (1980), pp. 502–3.&lt;/ref&gt; Prominent in it was [[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan]] and his liberal, moderate Islamic group [[w:Freedom Movement of Iran|Freedom Movement of Iran]], and the more secular [[w:National Front of Iran|National Front]]. 

The clergy were divided, some allying with the liberal secularists, and others with the Marxists and Communists. Khomeini, who was in exile in [[w:Iraq|Iraq]], worked to unite clerical and secular, liberal and radical opposition under his leadership&lt;ref&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1996), p. 276.&lt;/ref&gt; by avoiding specifics — at least in public — that might divide the factions.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran Between'' (1980), pp. 478–9&lt;/ref&gt;

The various anti-Shah groups operated from outside Iran, mostly in London, [[w:Paris|Paris]], Iraq, and [[Turkey]]. Speeches by the leaders of these groups were placed on [[w:audio cassette|audio cassette]]s to be smuggled into Iran.

===The first major demonstration===
The first of the major demonstrations against the Shah led by Islamic groups came in January 1978. Angry students and religious leaders in the city of [[w:Qom|Qom]] demonstrated against a [[w:libel|libel]]ous story attacking Khomeini run in the official press.  The army was sent in, dispersing the demonstrations and killing several students (two according to the government, 70 according to the opposition).&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), p. 505.&lt;/ref&gt;  

According to the Shi'ite customs, [[w:memorial|memorial]] services are held forty days after a person's death. In mosques across the nation, calls were made to honour the dead students. Thus on [[w:February 18|February 18]] groups in a number of cities marched to honour the fallen and protest against the rule of the Shah. This time, violence erupted in [[w:Tabriz|Tabriz]], and over a hundred demonstrators were killed. The cycle repeated itself, and on [[w:March 29|March 29]], a new round of protests began across the nation.  Luxury hotels, cinemas, banks, government offices, and other symbols of the Shah regime were destroyed; again security forces intervened, killing many. On [[w:May 10|May 10]] the same occurred.

===Ayatollah Shariatmadari joins the opposition===
In May, government commandos burst into the home of Ayatollah Kazem Shariatmadari, a leading cleric and political moderate, and shot dead one of his followers right in front of him.  Shariatmadari abandoned his quietist stance and joined the opposition to the Shah.&lt;ref name = &quot;Mackey 1996 279&quot;&gt;Mackey, ''Iranians'' (1996) p. 279.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The Shah attempted to appease protestors by dampening inflation, making appeals to the moderate clergy, and by firing his head of SAVAK and promising free elections the next June.&lt;ref&gt;Harney, ''The Priest'' (1998), p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt; But the anti-inflationary cutbacks in spending led to layoffs — particularly among young, unskilled workers living in city slums. By summer 1978, these workers, often from traditional rural backgrounds, joined the street protests in massive numbers. Other workers went on strike and by November the economy was crippled by shutdowns.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), pp. 510, 512, 513.&lt;/ref&gt;

===The Shah approaches the United States===
[[Image:The Shah with Atherton, Sullivan, Vance, Carter and Brzezinski, 1977.jpg|right|thumb|300px|The Iranian Shah meeting with [[w:Alfred Atherton|Alfred Atherton]], [[w:William H. Sullivan|William Sullivan]], [[w:Cyrus Vance|Cyrus Vance]], [[w:Jimmy Carter|President Carter]], and [[w:Zbigniew Brzezinski|Zbigniew Brzezinski]], 1977.]]

Facing a [[w:revolution|revolution]], the Shah appealed to the United States for support. Because of its history and strategic location, Iran was important to the [[w:Foreign relations of the United States|United States]]. It was a pro-American country sharing a long border with America's cold war rival, the [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]], and the largest, most powerful country in the oil-rich Persian Gulf. But the Pahlavi regime had also recently garnered unfavorable publicity in the West for its human rights record.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), p. 498–9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The Carter administration followed &quot;no clear policy&quot; on Iran.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), p. 235.&lt;/ref&gt;  The U.S. ambassador to Iran, [[w:William H. Sullivan|William H. Sullivan]], recalls that the [[w:U.S. National Security Advisor|U.S. National Security Advisor]] [[w:Zbigniew Brzezinski|Zbigniew Brzezinski]] “repeatedly assured Pahlavi that the U.S. backed him fully.&quot; President Carter arguably failed at following up on those assurances. On [[w:November 4|November 4]], [[w:1978|1978]], Brzezinski called the Shah to tell him that the United States would &quot;back him to the hilt.&quot;  At the same time, certain high-level officials in the [[w:State Department|State Department]] believed the revolution was unstoppable.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), pp. 235–6.&lt;/ref&gt; After visiting the Shah in summer of 1978, Secretary of the Treasury Blumenthal complained of the Shah's emotional collapse, reporting, &quot;You've got a zombie out there.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Shawcross, ''The Shah's Last Ride'' (1988), p. 21.&lt;/ref&gt;  Brzezinski and [[w:U.S. Secretary of Energy|Energy Secretary]] [[w:James Schlesinger|James Schlesinger]] ([[w:U.S. Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]] under [[w:Gerald Ford|Ford]]) were adamant in their assurances that the Shah would receive military support. Brzezinski still advocated a U.S. military intervention to stabilize Iran even when the Shah's position was believed to be untenable. President Carter could not decide how to stabilize the situation; he was certainly against another coup. Initially, there appeared to be support for a peaceful transfer of power, however this option evaporated when [[w:Ayatollah Khomeini|Khomeini]] and his followers swept through the country, taking power on [[w:February 12|February 12]], [[w:1979|1979]]. Many Iranians believe the lack of intervention and sometime sympathy for the revolution by high-level American officials indicate the U.S. &quot;was responsible for Khomeini's victory.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), p. 235.&lt;/ref&gt; A more extreme position asserts that the Shah's overthrow was the result of a &quot;sinister plot to topple a nationalist, progressive, and independent-minded monarch.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Amuzegar, Jahangir, ''Dynamics of Iranian Revolution: The Pahlavis' Triumph and Tragedy'' SUNY Press, (1991) p.4, 21, 87&lt;/ref&gt;

===Abadan arson attack===
As violence continued, over 400 people died in the Cinema Rex Fire arson attack in August in Abadan. Although movie theaters had been a common target of Islamist demonstrators&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''Spirit'' (1985) p. 220.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;In a recent book by Hossein Boroojerdi, called &quot;Islamic Revolution and its roots&quot;, he claims that Cinema Rex was set on fire using chemical material provided by his team operating under the supervision of &quot;Hey'at-haye Mo'talefe (هیأتهای مؤتلفه)&quot;, an influential alliance of religious groups who were among the first and most powerful supporters of Ayatollah Khomeini.&lt;/ref&gt; such was the distrust of the regime and effectiveness of its enemies' communication skills that the public believed SAVAK had set the fire in an attempt to frame the opposition.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 187.&lt;/ref&gt; The next day 10,000 relatives and sympathizers gathered for a mass funeral and march shouting, ‘burn the Shah’, and ‘the Shah is the guilty one.’&lt;ref&gt;W. Branigin, ‘Abadan Mood Turns Sharply against the Shah,’ ''Washington Post'', 26, August 1978&lt;/ref&gt;

===Black Friday===
By September, the nation was rapidly destabilizing, with major protests becoming a regular occurrence. The Shah introduced [[w:martial law|martial law]], and banned all demonstrations.  A massive protest broke out in Tehran, in what became known as [[w:Black Friday (1978)|Black Friday]].

The clerical leadership spread rumours that &quot;thousands have been massacred by Zionist troops.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''The Spirit of Allah'' (1985), p. 223.&lt;/ref&gt; The troops were actually ethnic Kurds who had been fired on, and the number killed not 15,000 but more like 700,&lt;ref&gt;Ayatollah Shariatmadari, quoted in Taheri, ''Spirit'' (1985), p. 309.&lt;/ref&gt; but in the meantime the appearance of government brutality alienated much of the rest of the Iranian people and the Shah's allies abroad.  A [[w:general strike|general strike]] in October resulted in the paralysis of the economy, with vital industries being shut down, &quot;sealing the Shah's fate&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 189.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ayatollah Khomeini in Paris===
[[Image:Imam in Paris.jpg|thumb|250px|Ayatollah Khomeini at Neauphle-leChateau surrounded by journalists]]
Shah decided to seek the deportation of Ayatollah Khomeini from [[w:Iraq|Iraq]] and on [[w:September 24|September 24]], [[w:1978|1978]], Iraqi regime sieged the house of Khomeini in [[w:Najaf|Najaf]]. He was informed that his continued residence in Iraq was contingent on his abandoning political activity, a condition he rejected. On [[w:October 3|October 3]], he left Iraq for [[w:Kuwait|Kuwait]], but was refused entry at the border. Finally [[w:October 6|October 6]] Ayatollah Khomeini embarked for [[w:Paris|Paris]]. On [[w:October 10|October 10]] he took up residence in the suburb of [[w:Neauphle-le-Château|Neauphle-le-Château]] in a house that had been rented for him by Iranian exiles in [[w:France|France]]. From now on the journalists from across the world made their way to France, and the image and the words of the Ayatollah Khomeini soon became a daily feature in the world's media.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/rkhomeini/ayatollah_khomeini.php]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Muharram protests===
On [[w:December 2|December 2]], during the Islamic month of [[w:Muharram|Muharram]], over two million people filled the streets of Tehran's [[w:Azadi Square|Azadi Square]] (then Shahyad Square), to demand the removal of the Shah and return of Khomeini.&lt;ref&gt;Abrahamian, Iran: Between Two Revolutions (1982), pp. 521–2.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Victory of revolution and fall of monarchy ==
===The Shah leaves===  
[[Image:Mass demonstration in Iran, date unknown.jpg|thumbnail|250px|Mass demonstration in Tehran]]
On [[w:January 16|January 16]], [[w:1979|1979]] the Shah and the empress left Iran at the demand of prime minister Dr. [[w:Shapour Bakhtiar|Shapour Bakhtiar]] (a long time opposition leader himself) and to scenes of spontaneous joy and the destruction &quot;within hours of almost every sign of the Pahlavi dynasty.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''Spirit'' (1985), p. 240.&lt;/ref&gt;  Bakhtiar dissolved SAVAK, freed political prisoners, ordered the army to allow mass demonstrations, promised free elections and invited Khomeinists and other revolutionaries into a government of &quot;national unity&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/fulldisplay.pl?SID=20060809809631347&amp;UID=&amp;CID=50504&amp;auth=&amp;code=TVN&amp;RC=56102&amp;Row=59  &quot;Demonstrations allowed&quot;], ABC Evening News for Monday, January 15, 1979.&lt;/ref&gt; After stalling for a few days he allowed [[w:Ayatollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Khomeini]] to return to Iran, asking him to create a Vatican-like state in [[w:Qom|Qom]] and called upon the opposition to help preserve the constitution.

===Khomeini's return and fall of the monarchy===
[[File:Imam Khomeini in Mehrabad.jpg|thumbnail|250px|left|Arrival of [[Ayatollah]] [[w:Khomeini|Khomeini]]  on Feb 1st.]]

On [[w:February 1|February 1]] [[w:1979|1979]] [[w:Ayatollah Khomeini|Ayatollah Khomeini]] returned to Tehran to rapturous greeting by several million Iranians. Khomeini had flown back to Iran in a chartered Air France Jumbo Jet.&lt;ref name = &quot;The Khomeini Era Begins&quot;&gt;[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,920102-2,00.html]&lt;/ref&gt; Not only the undisputed leader of the revolution,&lt;ref&gt;Taheri, ''Spirit'' (1985), p. 146.&lt;/ref&gt; he had now become what some called a &quot;semi-divine&quot; figure, greeted as he descended from his airplane with cries of ‘Khomeini, O Imam, we salute you, peace be upon you.’&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 200.&lt;/ref&gt;  Crowds were now known to chant &quot;Islam, Islam, Khomeini, We Will Follow You,&quot; and even &quot;Khomeini for King.&quot;&lt;ref name = &quot;Foucault Dreaming&quot;&gt;[http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/007863.html What Are the Iranians Dreaming About?] by Michel Foucault, Chicago: University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

On the day of his arrival Khomeini made clear his fierce rejection of Bakhtiar's regime in a speech promising ‘I shall kick their teeth in.’  He appointed his own competing interim prime minister [[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan]] on February 4, `with the support of the nation’ and demanding ‘since I have appointed him, he must be obeyed.’ It was ‘God's government,’ he warned, disobedience against which was a ‘revolt against God.’&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 204.&lt;/ref&gt;  As Khomeini's movement gained momentum, soldiers began to defect to his side. On February 9 about 10 P.M. a fight broke out between loyal [[w:Immortal Guards|Immortal Guards]] and pro-Khomeini rebel [[w:Homafaran|Homafaran]] of Iran Air Force.  Khomeini declaring jihad on loyal soldiers who did not surrender.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), pp. 205–6.&lt;/ref&gt; Revolutionaries and rebel soldiers gained the upper hand and began to take over police stations and military installations, distributing arms to the public. The final collapse of the provisional non-Islamist government came at 2 p.m. February 11 when the Supreme Military Council declared itself &quot;neutral in the current political disputes… in order to prevent further disorder and bloodshed.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 206.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Abrahamian 1982 529&quot;&gt;Abrahamian, ''Iran'' (1982), p. 529.&lt;/ref&gt;  TV and Radio stations, palaces of [[w:Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi dynasty]] and government buildings were then occupied by revolutionaries.

This period, from February 1 to 11, known as the &quot;Decade of Fajr,&quot; is celebrated every year in Iran.&lt;ref name = &quot;Adnki&quot;&gt;[http://www.adnki.com/index_2Level_English.php?cat=Politics&amp;loid=8.0.382348486&amp;par=0  Adnki].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/meast/9901/31/iran.20th/  Iran 20th], 1999-01-31, CNN World.&lt;/ref&gt;  February 11 is &quot;Islamic Revolution's Victory Day&quot;, a national holiday with state sponsored demonstrations in every city.&lt;ref name = &quot;RFERL&quot;&gt;[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticleprint/2004/02/ad344479-c0e6-40f7-8276-f687f4475187.html  RFERL].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2004/02/11/iran_anniversary040211.html  Iran Anniversary], 2004-02-11, CBC World.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Revolutionary organizations===
====Revolutionary Council====
The &quot;Revolutionary Council&quot; was formed by Khomeini to manage the revolution on [[w:12 January|12 January]] of 1979, shortly before he returned to Iran. Its existence was kept a secret during the early, less secure time of the revolution. [[w:Rafsanjani|Rafsanjani]] says Ayatollah Khomeini chose [[w:Beheshti|Beheshti]], [[w:Motahhari|Motahhari]], [[w:Rafsanjani|Rafsanjani]], [[w:Bahonar|Bahonar]] and [[w:Musavi Ardabili|Musavi Ardabili]] as members. These invited others to serve: [[w:Bazargan|Bazargan]], [[w:Taleqani|Taleqani]], [[w:Khamenei|Khamenei]], [[w:Banisadr|Banisadr]], [[w:Mahdavi Kani|Mahdavi Kani]], [[w:Yadollah Sahabi|Yadollah Sahabi]], Katirayee, Ahmad Sadr Haj Seyed Javadi, Qarani and Ali Asqr Masoodi.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.npc-rt.ir/eventlist-fa-1385-10-22.html]&lt;/ref&gt; This council suggested [[w:Mahdi Bazargan|Mahdi Bazargan]] as the prime minister of the temporary government of Khomeini, and he accepted it.&lt;ref name = &quot;Khomeini&quot;&gt;[http://www.irdc.ir/article.asp?id=822 چرا و چگونه بازرگان به نخست وزیری رسید؟] The commandment of Ayatollah Khomeini for Bazargan and his sermon on February 5.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the revolution took power, the council became a legislative body issuing decrees until the formation of first parliament{{Fact|date=February 2007}} on [[w:12 August|12 August]] [[w:1980|1980]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Iran.htm  Iran], World Statesmen.&lt;/ref&gt; The laws passed by this council were recognized as legitimate in the Islamic republic of Iran.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}

====The Provisional Revolutionary Government====
[[Image:Mehdi Bazargan.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Iranian prime minister [[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan]] was an advocate of democracy and civil rights. He also opposed the [[w:Iran's cultural revolution|cultural revolution]] and US embassy takeover.]]
The Provisional Revolutionary Government or &quot;Interim Government of Iran&quot; (1979–1980) was the first government established in [[w:Iran|Iran]] following the overthrow of the monarchy. It was formed by order of Ayatollah Khomeini on [[w:February 4|February 4]], [[w:1979|1979]], while [[w:Shapour Bakhtiar|Shapour Bakhtiar]] (the [[w:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah]]'s last Prime Minister) was still claiming power.&lt;ref name = &quot;Khomeini&quot; /&gt;

Ayatollah Khomeini appointed [[w:Bazargan|Bazargan]] as the prime minister of &quot;The Provisional Revolutionary Government&quot; on [[w:February 4|February 4]] [[w:1979|1979]]. According to his commandment:&lt;ref&gt;جناب‌ آقای‌ مهندس‌ بازرگان‌
بنا به‌ پیشنهاد شورای‌ انقلاب‌، برحَسَب‌ حق‌ّ شرعی‌ و حق‌ّ قانونی‌ ناشی‌ از آرای‌اكثریت‌ قاطع‌ قریب‌ به‌ اتّفاِق ملت‌ ایران‌ كه‌ طی‌ اجتماعات‌ عظیم‌ و تظاهرات‌وسیع‌ و متعدد در سراسر ایران‌ نسبت‌ به‌ رهبری‌ جنبش‌ ابراز شده‌ است‌ و به‌موجب‌ اعتمادی‌ كه‌ به‌ ایمان‌ راسخ‌ شما به‌ مكتب‌ مقدس‌ اسلام‌ و اطلاعی‌ كه‌ ازسوابقتان‌ در مبارزات‌ اسلامی‌ و ملی‌ دارم‌، جناب‌عالی‌ را بدون‌ در نظر گرفتن‌روابط‌ حزبی‌ و بستگی‌ به‌ گروهی‌ خاص‌ مأمور تشكیل‌ دولت‌ موقت‌ می‌نمایم‌ تاترتیب‌ اداره‌ی‌ امور مملكت‌ و خصوصاً انجام‌ رفراندوم‌ و رجوع‌ به‌ آرای‌ عمومی‌ملت‌ درباره‌ی‌ تغییر نظام‌ سیاسی‌ كشور به‌ جمهوری‌ اسلامی‌ و تشكیل‌ مجلس‌مؤسسان‌ از منتخبین‌ مردم‌ جهت‌ تصویب‌ قانون‌ اساسی‌ نظام‌ جدید و انتخاب‌مجلس‌ نمایندگان‌ ملّت‌ بر طبق‌ قانون‌ اساسی‌ جدید را بدهید. مقتضی‌ است‌ كه‌اعضای‌ دولت‌ موقت‌ را هر چه‌ زودتر با توجه‌ به‌ شرایطی‌ كه‌ مشخص‌ نموده‌ام‌تعیین‌ و معرفی‌ نمایید.
كارمندان‌ دولت‌ و ارتش‌ و افراد ملت‌ با دولت‌ موقت‌ شما همكاری‌ كامل‌ نموده‌و رعایت‌ انضباط‌ را برای‌ وصول‌ به‌ اهداف‌ مقدس‌ انقلاب‌ و سامان‌ یافتن‌ اموركشور خواهند نمود.
موفقیت‌ شما و دولت‌ موقت‌ را در این‌ مرحله‌ی‌ حساس‌ تاریخی‌ از خداوندمتعال‌ مسئلت‌ می‌نمایم‌.روح‌الله الموسوی‌ الخمینی

[http://www.irdc.ir/article.asp?id=822 چرا و چگونه بازرگان به نخست وزیری رسید؟] The commandment of Ayatollah Khomeini for Bazargan and his sermon on February 5.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Mr. Engineer Bazargan, Based on the proposal of the [[w:Iranian revolution#Revolutionary Council|Revolutionary Council]], in accordance with the [[w:sharia|sharia]] based rights and legal rights which are both originated from the decisive and closely unanimous votes of Iranian nation for leadership of the movement, which in turn has been expressed in the vast gatherings and wide and numerous demonstrations throughout Iran and by virtue of my trust on your firm belief in the holy tenets of [[Islam]] ... I appoint you the authority to establish the interim government ... for the formation of a temporary government to arrange the affairs of the country and especially a national referendum vote about turning the country into an [[w:Islamic republic|Islamic republic]], ...  All public offices, the army, and citizens shall furnish their utmost cooperation with your interim government so as to attain the high and holy goals of this Islamic revolution and to restore order and function to the affairs of the nation. I pray to God for the success of you and your interim government at this sensitive juncture of our nation's history.’’ [[w:Khomeini|Ruhollah Al-Musavi al-Khomeini]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Elaborating further on his decree, Khomeini made it clear Iranians were commanded to obey Bazargan and that this was a religious duty. 

&lt;blockquote&gt;As a man who, though the guardianship [''Velayat''] that I have from the holy lawgiver [the Prophet], I hereby pronounce Bazargan as the Ruler, and since I have appointed him, he must be obeyed. The nation must obey him. This is not an ordinary government. It is a government based on the ''[[w:sharia|sharia]]''. Opposing this government means opposing the ''sharia'' of Islam ... Revolt against God's government is a revolt against God. Revolt against God is [[w:blasphemy|blasphemy]].&lt;ref&gt;Khomeini, ''Sahifeh-ye Nur'', vol.5, p.31, translated by Baqer Moin in ''Khomeini'' (2000), p.204&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan]] introduced his 7-member cabinet on [[w:February 14|February 14]], [[w:1979|1979]],{{Fact|date=February 2007}} three days after victory day when the army announced its neutrality in conflicts between Khomeini's and Bakhtiar's supporters. Bakhtiar resigned on the same day, [[w:February 11|February 11]].

The PRG is often described as &quot;subordinate&quot; to the Revolutionary Council, and having had difficulties reigning in the numerous komiteh which were competing with its authority&lt;ref&gt;Arjomand, ''Turban for the Crown,'' (1988) p.135)&lt;/ref&gt; 

Prime Minister Bazargan resigned and his government fell after American Embassy officials were taken hostage on [[w:November 4|November 4]], [[w:1979|1979]]. Power then passed into the hands of the Revolutionary Council.  Bazargan had been a supporter of the original revolutionary draft constitution rather than theocracy by Islamic jurist, and his resignation was received by Khomeini without complaint, saying &quot;Mr. Bazargan  ... was a little tired and preferred to stay on the sidelines for a while.&quot;  Khomeini later described his appointment of Bazargan as a &quot;mistake.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,''(2000), p.222&lt;/ref&gt;

====The Committees of Islamic Revolution====
{{Cleanup|date=March 2007}}

The first &quot;komitehs&quot; (from the French ''comité''), or committees, &quot;sprang up everywhere&quot; as autonomous organizations in late 1978. Organized in mosques, schools and workplaces, they mobilized people, organized strikes and demonstrations, and distributed scarce commodities. After February 12th, many of the 300,000 rifles and sub-machine guns seized from military arsenals&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, ''Reign of the Ayatollahs,'' (1984), p.56&lt;/ref&gt; ended up with the komitehs who confiscated property and arrested those they believed to be counter-revolutionaries. In Tehran alone there were 1500 committees. Inevitably there was conflict between the komitehs and the other sources of authority, particularly the Provisional Government.&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, ''Reign of the Ayatollahs,'' (1984), p.57&lt;/ref&gt;  

To deal with this, on February 12th, the committees of the Islamic revolution were charged with gathering weapons, organizing the armed revolutionaries, and generally fighting anarchy in the wake of the collapse of the police and weakness of the army. Khomeini put Ayatollah [[w:Mahdavi Kani|Mahdavi Kani]] in charge of the komiteh.&lt;ref&gt;Arjomand, ''Turban for the Crown'' (1988) p.135&lt;/ref&gt; They also served as &quot;the eyes and ears&quot; of the new regime, and are credited by critics with &quot;many arbitrary arrests, executions and confiscations of property&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000) p.211&lt;/ref&gt; In the summer of 1979, the komitehs were purged to eradicate the influence of the leftist guerilla movements that had infiltrated them.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000) p.211&lt;/ref&gt; In 1991 they were merged with the conventional police in a new organisation known as the ''Niruha-ye Entezami'' (Forces of Order).&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi ''The Constitution of Iran'' (1997), p.152&lt;/ref&gt;

====Islamic Republic Party====
The Islamic republic party was started by Khomeini lieutenant Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini [[w:Beheshti|Beheshti]] and the Coalition of Islamic Societies within a few days of the Khomeini's arrival in Iran. It was made up of the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution (OMIR), merchants of the bazaar and &quot;a large segment of the politically active clergy.&quot; It &quot;operated on every level of society, from government offices to almost all city quarters...&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p.210-1&lt;/ref&gt; and worked to establish theocratic government by [[w:velayat-e faqih|velayat-e faqih]] in Iran outmaneuvering opponents and wielding power on the street through the Hezbollah. 

The party achieved a large majority in the first parliament but clashed with first president, [[w:Abolhassan Banisadr|Banisadr]], who was not a member of the party. Banisadr supporters were suppressed and Banisadr impeached and removed from office [[w:June 21|June 21]], [[w:1981|1981]]. A campaign of terror against the IRP followed, mounted by the guerrilla group MEK.  On the 28 of June, [[w:1981|1981]], a bombing of the office of the [[w:Islamic Republic Party|Islamic Republic Party]] by [[w:People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin of Iran]] resulted in the death of around 70 high-ranking officials, cabinet members and members of parliament, including [[w:Mohammad Beheshti|Mohammad Beheshti]], the secretary-general of the party and head of the Islamic Party's judicial system. [[w:Mohammad Javad Bahonar|Mohammad Javad Bahonar]] then became the secretary-general of the party, but was in turn assassinated on [[w:September 2|September 2]]. Because of these events and other assassinations the Islamic Party was weakened in 1981. It was dissolved in 1987.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p.210-1&lt;/ref&gt;

====Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps====
The Revolutionary Guard or ''Pasdaran-e Enqelab'', was established by a decree issued by Khomeini on [[w:May 5|May 5]] [[w:1979|1979]] &quot;to protect the revolution from destructive forces and counter-revolutionaries,`&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'', (2003), p.211-2&lt;/ref&gt; i.e. as a counterweight both to the armed groups of the left, and to the Iranian military, which had been part of the Shah's power base. 6,000 persons were initially enlisted and trained,&lt;ref&gt;Baskhash, ''Reign of the Ayatollahs'', (1984) p.63&lt;/ref&gt; but the guard eventually grew into &quot;a full-scale&quot; military force &quot;with air force and navy branches&quot;. Its work involves both conventional military duties, helping Islamic forces abroad, such as Hezbollah in Lebanon, and internal security, such as the suppression of narcotics trafficking, riots by the discontented, and unIslamic behavior by members of the public.&lt;ref&gt;Mackey, ''Iranians'' (1996), p.371&lt;/ref&gt; It has been described as &quot;without a doubt the strongest institution of the revolution&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran'', (1997) p.151&lt;/ref&gt;

====Oppressed Mobilization====
&quot;Oppressed mobilization&quot; or ''Baseej-e Mostaz'afin'' was founded at the command of Khomeini in 1980, to be organized by the Revolutionary Guard.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/iran/basij.htm&lt;/ref&gt;  Its purpose was to mobilize volunteers of many skills -- doctors, engineers, but primarily to mobilize those too old or young&lt;ref&gt;http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/iran/basij.htm&lt;/ref&gt; to serve in other bodies. Baseej (also Basij) often provided security, and helped police and the army. Baseej were also used to attack opposition demonstrators and ransack opposition newspaper offices, who were believed to be enemies of the revolution..&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran,'' (2003) p.275&lt;/ref&gt;

====Hezbollah====
The Hezbollah or Party of God, were the &quot;strong-arm thugs&quot; who attacked demonstrators and offices of newspapers critical of Khomeini, and later a wider variety of activities found to be undesirable for &quot;moral&quot; or &quot;cultural&quot; reasons.&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran,'' (1987)p.153&lt;/ref&gt;  Hezbollah is/was not a tightly structured independent organisation but more a movement of loosely bound groups usually centered around a mosque.&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran,'' (1987)p.153&lt;/ref&gt; Although in the early days of the revolution Khomeinists -- those in the Islamic Republican Party -- denied connection to Hezbollah, maintaining its attacks were the spontaneous will of the people over which the government had no control, in fact Hezbollah was supervised by &quot;a young protegee of Khomeini,&quot; Hojjat al-Islam Hadi Ghaffari.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p.211&lt;/ref&gt;

====Jihad of Construction====
Jihad of construction, or ''Jahad-e Sazandegi,'' began as a movement of &quot;volunteers to help with the 1979 harvest&quot;, but soon took on a &quot;broader, more official role&quot; in the countryside. It is involved with &quot;road building, piped water, electrification, clinics, schools, and irrigation canals.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), p.286&lt;/ref&gt; It also provides &quot;extension services, seeds, loans,&quot; etc. to small farmers&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, Reign of the Ayatollahs,'' (1984) p.202&lt;/ref&gt; Finally it was merged with agriculture ministry in 2001 to form the Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.maj.ir/English/Main/Default.asp The Ministry of Jihad-e Agriculture]&lt;/ref&gt;

==The Islamic republic==
===Khomeini takes power===
There was great jubilation in Iran at the ousting of the Shah, but the glue that stuck together the dozens of religious, [[w:liberal|liberal]], [[w:secularist|secularist]], [[w:Marxist|Marxist]], and [[w:Communist|Communist]], revolutionary factions—opposition to the Shah—was now gone. Each of the many groups vying for influence had different interpretations of the broad goals of the revolution: an end to tyranny, more Islamic and less American and Western influence, more social justice and less inequality.

Khomeini had &quot;overwhelming ideological, political and organizational hegemony,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Azar Tabari, ‘Mystifications of the Past and Illusions of the Future,’ in ''The Iranian Revolution and the Islamic Republic: Proceedings of a Conference,'' ed. Nikki R. Keddie and Eric Hooglund (Washington DC: Middle East Institute, 1982) pp. 101–24.&lt;/ref&gt;  but this was in large part because his non-theocratic allies believed he had neither the interest in nor ability to rule,&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran'' (1997), p.93-4&lt;/ref&gt; and intended to be more a spiritual guide than a power holder.  Khomeini was in his mid-70s, had never held public office, been out of Iran for more than a decade, and had told questioners things like &quot;the religious dignitaries do not want to rule,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.iranian.com/Opinion/2003/August/Khomeini/  Democracy? I meant theocracy]&quot;,  by Dr. Jalal Matini, translation &amp; introduction by Farhad Mafie, August 5, 2003, ''The Iranian''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Gems&quot;&gt;[http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/khomeini_promises_kept.html#Islamic_Clerics  Islamic Clerics], [http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/khomeini_promises_kept.html  Khomeini Promises Kept], [http://gemsofislam.tripod.com./  Gems of Islamism].&lt;/ref&gt; 

There is some dispute over whether &quot;what began as an authentic and anti-dictatorial popular revolution based on a broad coalition of all anti-Shah forces was soon transformed into an Islamic fundamentalist power-grab&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Zabih, Sepehr  ''Iran Since the Revolution'' 
Johns Hopkins Press, 1982, p.2 &lt;/ref&gt; after the return of Khomeini, or whether the non-theocratic groups played a role in the early days of the revolution, but did not seriously challenge Khomeini's movement in popular support.&lt;ref&gt;For example, Islamic Republic Party and allied forces controlled approximately 80% of the seats on the Assembly of Experts of Constitution. (see: Bakhash, ''Reign of the Ayatollahs'' (1983) p.78-82) An impressive margin even allowing for electral manipulation&lt;/ref&gt;
Whichever was the case, Khomeini's forces prevailed, eliminating with skillful timing both adversaries and unwanted allies from power&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000), p. 203.&lt;/ref&gt; and implemented his ''wilayat al-faqih'' design for an Islamic Republic led by himself as [[w:Supreme Leader|Supreme Leader]].&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran '' (1997), pp. 24–32.&lt;/ref&gt;

In the first year of revolution there were two centers of power: the Provisional Revolutionary Government, and the revolutionary organizations. 
Foundation of revolutionary organizations and councils was begun by leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini. These official and popular organizations managed revolutionary situation and established new Islamic state.

===Establishment of Islamic republic government===
====Referendum of 12 Farvardin====
On March 30 and 31 (Farvardin 10, 11) Iranians voted on whether Iran should become an &quot;Islamic Republic,&quot; . On Farvardin 12 a 98.2% vote in favor was announced, with Khomeini declaring the result a victory of &quot;the oppressed ... over the arrogant.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.irib.com/Special/Farvardin/12Farvardin/html/en/12_farvardin.htm]&lt;/ref&gt;  Several secularist and communist groups boycotted the vote but turnout was very high. The opposition claims Islamic Republic not being defined.

====Assembly of Experts of Constitution====
The seventy-three-member Assembly of Experts for Constitution was elected in the summer of 1979 to write a new constitution for the [[w:Islamic Republic|Islamic Republic]]. The Assembly was originally conceived of as a way expediting the draft constitution which Khomeini supporters had started working when Khomeini was still in exile, but which leftists found too conservative and wanted to make major changes to. Ironically, it was the Assembly that made major changes, instituting principles of theocracy by velayat-e faqih, adding on a faqih [[w:Supreme Leader|Supreme Leader]], and increasing the power and clerical character of the [[w:Council of Guardians|Council of Guardians]] which could veto un-Islamic legislation. The new constitution was opposed by some clerics, including Ayatollah Shariatmadari, and secularists who urged a boycott. It was approved by referendum on December 2 and 3, 1979, by over 98 percent of the vote.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolution/revolution_and_iran_after1979_2.php]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Post-revolutionary Parties and movements===
====Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line====
[[w:Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line|Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line]] was a group of student supporters of Khomeini that occupied the U.S. embassy in Tehran on [[w:4 November|4 November]] [[w:1979|1979]] after the ex-Shah of Iran was admitted to the United States for cancer treatment. Although the students later said they did not expect to occupy the embassy for long, their action received official support and triggered the [[w:Iran hostage crisis|Iran hostage crisis]] where 52 American diplomats were held hostage for 444 days. (see below)

==Consolidation of power by Khomeini==
The Khomeini-appointed Prime Minister [[w:Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan]] supported the establishment of a reformist, democratic parliamentary government.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, p. 203&lt;/ref&gt; Operating separately were the Revolutionary Council made up of Khomeini and his clerical supporters, the [[w:Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps|Revolutionary Guards]], revolutionary tribunals, and at the local level revolutionary cells turned local committees (''komitehs'').&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), pp. 241–2.&lt;/ref&gt; While the moderate Bazargan and his Provisional Revolutionary Government (temporarily) reassured the Westernized middle class, it became apparent they did not have power over the &quot;Khomeinist&quot; revolutionary bodies, particularly the Revolutionary Council and later the Islamic Revolutionary Party.  Inevitably the overlapping authority of the Revolutionary Council (which had the power to pass laws) and Revolutionary government was a source of conflict,&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003) p.245&lt;/ref&gt; despite the fact that both had been approved by and/or put in place by Khomeini. 

In June, the Freedom Movement released its draft constitution; it referred to Iran as an Islamic Republic and included a Guardian Council to veto unIslamic legislation, but had no  guardian jurist ruler.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, p. 217.&lt;/ref&gt; The constitution was sent for review to the newly-elected [[w:Assembly of Experts for Constitution|Assembly of Experts for the Constitution]] which was dominated by allies of Khomeini. Despite the fact that Khomeini had originally declared it ‘correct’,&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''The Constitution of Iran,'' 1997, p. 22–3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Gems&quot; /&gt; Khomeini (and the assembly) rejected the constitution, Khomeini declaring that the new government should be based &quot;100% on Islam.&quot;    
    
A new constitution drawn up by the [[w:Assembly of Experts for Constitution|Assembly of Experts for the Constitution]] created a powerful post of [[w:Supreme Leader|Supreme Leader]] for Khomeini, [http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-info/Government/constitution-8.html] who was in charge of the military and security services, and appointed several top government and judicial officials. A less powerful [[w:President of Iran|president]] was to be elected every four years.  Another theocratic body, the [[w:Council of Guardians|Council of Guardians]]) was given veto power over candidates for president, parliament, and the body that elected the Supreme Leader (the [[w:Assembly of Experts|Assembly of Experts]]) as well as laws passed by the legislature.

===Hostage Crisis===
In October 1979 the United States admitted the exiled and ailing Shah into the country for cancer treatment. There was an immediate outcry in Iran with both Khomeini and leftist groups demanding the Shah's return to Iran for trial and execution.  Revolutionaries were reminded of [[w:Operation Ajax|Operation Ajax]], 26 years earlier when the Shah fled abroad while American CIA and British intelligence organized a [[w:coup d'état|coup d'état]] to overthrow his nationalist opponent.

Youthful supporters of Khomeini, calling themselves [[w:Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line|Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line]] invaded the embassy compound and took 52 American hostages at the American embassy, in what became known as the [[w:Iran hostage crisis|Iran hostage crisis]]. Khomeini supported the hostage-taking not only out of his enmity for the ex-Shah but to advance the cause of theocratic government and outflank his opponents, or as he told his future President, &quot;This action has many benefits. ... This has united our people. Our opponents do not dare act against us. We can put the constitution to the people's vote without difficulty, and carry out presidential and parliamentary elections.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' (2000), p.228&lt;/ref&gt; The anti-theocratic liberals who opposed keeping the hostages split from anti-theocratic leftist guerilla organizations who supported it. 

Attempts to extradite the Shah for execution were unsuccessful.  The Shah left America for [[w:Egypt|Egypt]], where he had been given exile by Pres. [[w:Anwar Sadat|Anwar Sadat]], and where he died less than a year after the hostage taking. This, however, did not end the crisis which switched focus to the American embassy being a &quot;nest of spies&quot;.  Embassy documents were released by [[w:Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line|Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line]] showing moderates had met with U.S. officials, although similar evidence of high ranking Islamists having also done so did not see the light of day.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' (2000), p.248-9&lt;/ref&gt; 

While the final settlement that released the hostages &quot;did not meet any of Iran's original demands&quot; and was considered &quot;almost wholly favorable to the United States&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran,'' (2003), p.252&lt;/ref&gt; the crisis did succeed in radicalizing the revolution and further weakening Iranian moderates.  Among the moderate causualties of the hostage crisis was Prime Minister Bazargan who resigned in November unable to enforce the government's order to release the hostages.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003), p.249&lt;/ref&gt;  Another legacy was the weakening of the Iranian economy from [[w:Sanctions against Iran|economic sanctions]] placed on Iran by America which are still in place.&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, ''Reign of the Ayatollahs'', (1984), p.236&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Brumberg, Daniel ''Reinventing Khomeini, university of Chicago Press, (2001), p.118&lt;/ref&gt;

==Opposition to the revolution==
===Iranian dissent and its suppression===
{{POV|date=December 2007}}

The first to be executed by revolutionary leadership were members of the old regime: senior generals, and a couple of months later over 200 of the Shah's senior civilian officials&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, p. 208.&lt;/ref&gt; as punishment and to eliminate the danger of coup d’État. Brief trials lacking defense attorneys, juries, transparency or opportunity for the accused to defend themselves&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, ''The Reign of the Ayatollahs'' (1984), p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; were held by revolutionary judges such as [[w:Sadegh Khalkhali|Sadegh Khalkhali]], the ''[[w:Sharia|Sharia]]'' judge.  Among those executed was [[w:Amir Abbas Hoveida|Amir Abbas Hoveida]], former Prime Minister of Iran.  Those who escaped Iran were not immune. A decade later, another former Prime Minister, Dr. [[w:Shapour Bakhtiar|Shapour Bakhtiar]], was assassinated in Paris, one of at least 63 Iranians abroad killed or wounded since the Shah was overthrown,&lt;ref&gt;Mackay, ''Iranians,'' 1996, p. 373.&lt;/ref&gt; although these attacks are thought to have stopped after the early 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran,'' (2003), p.268&lt;/ref&gt;

Communist guerrillas and federalist parties revolted in some regions comprising [[w:Khuzistan|Khuzistan]], [[w:Kurdistan|Kurdistan]] and [[w:Gonbad-e Qabus|Gonbad-e Qabus]] which resulted in fighting among them and revolutionary forces. These revolts began in April and lasted for several months or years depending on the region.

By early March revolutionaries hoping for a government based on [[w:liberal democracy|liberal democracy]] were given a taste of disappointments to come when Khomeini announced &quot;Do not use this term, ‘democratic.’ That is the Western style.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, Shaul, ''The Reign of the Ayatollahs'', p. 73.&lt;/ref&gt; In mid August several dozen newspapers and magazines opposing Khomeini's idea of Islamic government — theocratic rule by jurists or ''velayat-e faqih'' — were shut down.&lt;ref name = &quot;Schrirazi 1997 51&quot;&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran'' (1997) p. 51.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Moin 2000 129-20&quot;&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, pp. 219–20.&lt;/ref&gt; Khomeini angrily denounced protests against the press closings, saying &quot;we thought we were dealing with human beings. It is evident we are not.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, p. 219.&lt;/ref&gt; Half a year later the moderate opposition Muslim People's Republican Party was suppressed with many of the aides of its elderly figurehead, the Grand Ayatollah Shari'atmadari, put under house arrest.&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini,'' 2000, p. 232.&lt;/ref&gt; In March 1980 the &quot;[[w:Iran's Cultural Revolution of 1980-1987|Cultural Revolution]]&quot; began.  Universities, a leftist bastion, were closed for two years to purge them of opponents to theocratic rule. In July the state bureaucracy began the dismissal of 20,000 teachers and nearly 8,000 military officers deemed too &quot;Westernized&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Arjomand, Said Amir, ''Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran,'' Oxford University Press, 1988 p. 144.&lt;/ref&gt;

Khomeini sometimes used ''takfir'' (declaring someone guilty of [[w:Apostasy in Islam|apostasy]], a capital crime) to deal with his opponents. When leaders of the National Front party called for a demonstration in mid-1981 against a new law on ''qesas,'' or traditional Islamic retaliation for a crime, Khomeini threatened its leaders with the death penalty for apostasy &quot;if they did not repent.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, Asghar, ''The Constitution of Iran,'' Tauris 1997, p. 127.&lt;/ref&gt;

One of the last organized opponents of theocratic rule was the [[w:People's Mujahedin of Iran|People's Mujahedin of Iran]], a guerrilla group that unlike most of the opposition was armed and accustomed to using violence.  In February 1980 concentrated attacks by ''hezbollahi'' toughs began on the meeting places, bookstores, newsstands of Mujahideen and other leftists&lt;ref&gt;Bakhash, ''The Reign of the Ayatollahs'' (1984) p. 123.&lt;/ref&gt; driving the left underground.  People's Mujahideen retaliated with a campaign of bombing assassination including the killing of 72 at the Islamic Republican Party headquarters on [[w:June 28|June 28]], [[w:1981|1981]]&lt;ref&gt;Moin, ''Khomeini'' (2000) pp. 241–2.&lt;/ref&gt; President [[w:Mohammad Ali Rajai|Mohammad Ali Rajai]] and Prime Minister [[w:Mohammad Javad Bahonar|Mohammad Javad Bahonar]] were also assassinated that year.&lt;ref name = &quot;HRW&quot;&gt;[http://hrw.org/backgrounder/mena/iran0505/2.htm  Iran] Backgrounder, [http://hrw.org/  HRW].&lt;/ref&gt;

===Neighboring regimes and the Iran-Iraq War===
The Islamic Republic positioned itself as a revolutionary beacon under the slogan &quot;neither East nor West&quot; (i.e. follow neither Soviet nor American/West European models), and called for the overthrow of  capitalism, American influence, and social injustice in the Middle East and the rest of the world.  Revolutionary leaders in Iran gave and sought support from non-Islamic as well as Islamic Third World causes — e.g. the [[w:PLO|PLO]], [[w:Sandinistas|Sandinistas]] in [[w:Nicaragua|Nicaragua]], Irish [[w:Real IRA|IRA]] and anti-[[w:apartheid|apartheid]] struggle in [[w:South Africa|South Africa]] — even to the point of favoring non-Muslim revolutionaries over more conservative Islamic causes such as the neighboring Afghan Mujahideen.&lt;ref&gt;Roy, ''Failure of Political Islam'' (1994), p. 175.&lt;/ref&gt;

In its region, Iranian Islamic revolutionaries called specifically for the overthrow of monarchies and their replacement with Islamic republics, much to the alarm of its smaller Sunni-run Arab neighbors [[w:Iraq|Iraq]], [[w:Kuwait|Kuwait]], [[w:Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]] and the [[w:Persian Gulf States|Persian Gulf States]]. Most of these countries were monarchies and all had sizable [[w:Shi'a|Shi'a]] populations - including a majority population in Iraq and Bahrain.   In 1980, Iraq whose government was Sunni Muslim and Arab nationalist, invaded Iran in an attempt to seize the oil-rich predominantly Arab province of Khuzistan and destroy the revolution in its infancy.   Thus began the eight year [[w:Iran-Iraq War|Iran-Iraq War]], one of the most destructive and bloody wars of the 20th century. 

A combination of fierce patriot resistance by Iranians and military incompetence by Iraqi forces soon stalled the Iraqi advance and by early 1982 Iran regained almost all the territory lost to the invasion.  The invasion rallied Iranians behind the new regime, and past differences were largely abandoned in the face of the external threat.  The war also became an opportunity for the regime to crush its remaining opponents, mostly the [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet]]-backed leftist groups, dishing out harsh treatment, including torture and imprisonment. 

Realizing its mistake, the Iraqis offered Iran a truce. Khomeini rejected it, announcing the only condition for peace was that &quot;the regime in Baghdad must fall and must be replaced by an Islamic Republic.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Wright, ''In the Name of God'' (1989), p. 126.&lt;/ref&gt;  The war continued for another six years with hundreds of thousands of lives lost and great destruction from air attacks.  While in the end the revolutionaries failed to expand the Islamic revolution into Iraq, they did solidify their control of Iran.&lt;ref name = &quot;Gems Expansion&quot;&gt;[http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/khomeini_promises_kept.html#Victory  Expansion of the Islamic Revolution and the War with Iraq], [http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/  Gems of Islamism].&lt;/ref&gt;

==Post-revolutionary impact==
===International===
Internationally, the initial impact of the Islamic revolution was immense.  
In the non-Muslim world it has changed the image of Islam, generating much interest in the politics and spirituality of Islam.&lt;ref&gt;Shawcross, William, ''The Shah's Last Ride'' (1988), p. 110.&lt;/ref&gt;  In the Mideast and Muslim world, particularly in its early years, it triggered enormous enthusiasm and redoubled opposition to western intervention and influence.  Islamist insurgents rose in Saudi Arabia (the 1979 week-long [[w:Grand Mosque Seizure|takeover of the Grand Mosque]]), Egypt (the 1981 machine-gunning of the Egyptian President [[w:Anwar Al Sadat#Assassination|Sadat]]), Syria (the Muslim Brotherhood rebellion in [[w:Hama massacre|Hama]]), and Lebanon (the 1983 bombing of the [[w:April 1983 United States Embassy bombing|American Embassy]] and French and [[w:1983 Beirut barracks bombing|American peace-keeping troops]]).&lt;ref name = &quot;Kramer&quot;&gt;[http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/FundamentalistPower.htm  Fundamentalist Power], Martin Kramer.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Although ultimately these rebellions did not succeed, other activities have had more long term impact. The Ayatollah Khomeini's 1989 fatwa calling for the killing of [[w:Salman Rushdie|Salman Rushdie]] for his allegedly blasphemous book [[w:The Satanic Verses controversy|The Satanic Verses]], demonstrated that even citizens of a foreign country living in that country were not safe from the long arm of the Islamic revolution.  The Islamic revolutionary government itself is credited with financing and helping create such groups as the powerful [[w:Hezbollah|Hezbollah]] in Lebanon, the [[w:Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq|Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq]] and the [[w:United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan|United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan]].  In Lebanon, Iran's generous financing of [[w:Hezbollah|Hezbollah]] helped establish that group as a major political and military power which fought against Israeli occupation and its proxy [[w:South Lebanon Army|South Lebanon Army]], and expanded Shia Islam's influence.&lt;ref&gt;Harik, Judith Palmer, ''Hezbollah, the Changing Face of Terrorism'' (2004), 40&lt;/ref&gt; Hezbollah's dependence on Iran for military and financial aid is heavily debated, and the Israel-Hezbollah 2006 War provided an eye-opening for the world of Hezbollah weapons said to be Iranian imports.&lt;ref name = &quot;WP&quot;&gt;[[w:Military and economic aid in the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict#Military aid from Iran  Military Aid from Iran|Military and economic aid in the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict#Military aid from Iran  Military Aid from Iran]], 2006 Israel-Lebanon Conflict, Wikipedia.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Global Security&quot;&gt;[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/hizballah.htm  Hizballah], [http://globalsecurity.org./  Global Security].&lt;/ref&gt;

The revolution has won praise from some Muslim leaders. Hamas Palestinian Prime Minister [[w:Ismail Haniyeh|Ismail Haniyeh]]:

&lt;blockquote&gt;You are also continuing the same path that was initiated by Imam Khomeini, since you have always supported the Palestinian people, and I hope that we will meet each other at the [[w:Al-Aqsa Mosque|Al-Aqsa Mosque]] in the near future.&lt;ref name = &quot;Khamenei&quot;&gt;[http://www.khamenei.ir/EN/News/detail.jsp?id=20061210A  Khamenei].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Others have been less complementary. Scholars have argued the devastating Iran-Iraq &quot;mortally wounded ... the ideal of spreading the Islamic revolution,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'' (2003) p.241&lt;/ref&gt; or that Iran has lost &quot;its place as a great regional power,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Roy, ''Failure of Political Islam'' (1994), p. 193.&lt;/ref&gt; because the ideology of the revolution prevents Iran from following a &quot;nationalist, pragmatic&quot; foreign policy. Others say the only country outside Iran the revolution has had a &quot;measure of lasting influence&quot; is in Lebanon.&lt;ref&gt;Nasr, Vali, ''The Shia Revival'' Norton, (2006), p.141&lt;/ref&gt; 

Iranians have also complained of the international impact on individual citizens. As one complained to an Iranian-American journalist: &quot;What has come of us. Our currency is worthless. Those backward Arabs go to Europe with rials, and we can barely visit Turkey with our worthless tomans!&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Molavi, Afshin, ''The Soul of Iran'', Norton, (2005), p.18&lt;/ref&gt;

====Energy Crisis====
[[Image:Top Oil Producing Countries.png|thumb|Graph of Top Oil Producing Counties, showing drop in Iran's Production &lt;ref&gt; http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/pdf/pages/sec11_10.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;]]

The revolution shattered the Iranian oil sector and the loss of output led to the [[w:1979 energy crisis|1979 international energy crisis]].

===Domestic===
{{POV|date=December 2007}}

Internally, some goals of the revolutionary — broadening education and health care for the poor, and particularly [[w:Islamic Cultural Revolution|governmental promotion of Islam]], and the elimination of [[w:secularism|secularism]] and [[w:Culture of the United States|American]] [[w:Americanization (foreign culture and media)|influence]] in government — have met with unqualified successes; others — such as greater [[w:Freedom (political)|political freedom]], governmental [[w:Political corruption|honesty]] and [[w:Good governance|efficiency]], [[w:Economic egalitarianism|economic equality]] and [[w:self-sufficiency|self-sufficiency]], and even popular religious devotion&lt;ref&gt;Roy, ''Failure of Political Islam'' (1994), p. 199.&lt;/ref&gt; — have not.&lt;ref&gt;[http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/khomeini_promises_kept.html  Khomeini Promises Kept], [http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com./  Gems of Islamism].&lt;/ref&gt; Overall, however, dissatisfaction is widespread.  

====Human development====
One of the highlights of the revolution has been an increase in literacy. Although the Shah's regime had created a popular and successful Literacy Corps and also worked to raise literacy rates,&lt;ref&gt;''Iran, the Essential Guide to a Country on the Brink'', Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006, p.212&lt;/ref&gt; the Islamic Republic based its educational reforms on Islamic principles. A few months after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, a decree was issued by Ayatollah Khomeini to establish the Literacy Movement Organization (LMO), with the primary objective of providing literacy courses for the illiterate population through a vast mobilization program.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www2.unesco.org/wef/countryreports/iran/rapport_1.html Iran], the [[w:UNESCO|UNESCO]] EFA 2000 Assessment: Country Reports.&lt;/ref&gt; Designed especially for those who never learned to read and write, the program is credited with much of the country's success in reducing illiteracy from 52.5 per cent in 1976 to just 24 per cent, at the last count in 2002.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.accu.or.jp/litdbase/policy/irn/index.htm National Literacy Policies, Islamic Republic of Iran]&lt;/ref&gt; The movement has established over 2,000 community learning centers across the country, employed some 55,000 instructors, distributed 300 easy-to-read books and manuals, and provided literacy classes to a million people, men as well as women.&lt;ref name = &quot;UNGEI&quot;&gt;[http://www.ungei.org/infobycountry/iran_550.html  Adult education offers new opportunities and options to Iranian women], UNGEI.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unfpa.org/news/news.cfm?ID=756&amp;Language=1 Adult education offers new opportunities and options to Iranian women], UNFPA.&lt;/ref&gt;

In the field of health, maternal and infant mortality rates have been slashed.&lt;ref&gt;Howard, Jane. ''Inside Iran: Women's Lives'', Mage publishers, 2002, p.89&lt;/ref&gt; Population growth was encouraged for the first nine years of the revolution,&lt;ref&gt;for an example of Islamist distrust of family planning see: [http://www.allaahuakbar.net/gay/world_population_control_promote.htm]&lt;/ref&gt; but in 1988 youth unemployment concerns prompted the government to do &quot;an amazing U-turn&quot; and Iran now has &quot;one of the world's most effective&quot; family planning programs.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie, Modern Iran (2003) p.287-8&lt;/ref&gt; Overall, Iran's Human development Index rating has climbed significantly from 0.569 in 1980 to 0.732 in 2002, on par with neighbour Turkey. &lt;ref&gt;[http://globalis.gvu.unu.edu/indicator_detail.cfm?country=IR&amp;indicatorid=15 Iran:  Human Development Index]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://globalis.gvu.unu.edu/indicator_detail.cfm?country=TR&amp;indicatorid=15 Turkey:  Human Development Index]&lt;/ref&gt; 

====Political freedom====
Iran has elected governmental bodies at the national, provincial and local levels for which all males and females from the age of 15 on up may vote.  (See [[w:Politics and Government of Iran|Politics and Government of Iran]]) Although these bodies are subordinate to theocracy — which has veto power over who can run for parliament (or [[w:Islamic Consultative Assembly|Islamic Consultative Assembly]]) and whether its bills can become law — they have more power than equivalent organs under the Shah's regime.  
Four of the 290 parliamentary seats are allocated for the minority Christian (3 seats), Jewish (1 seat) and Zoroastrian (1 seat) communities in rough proportion with their population&lt;ref name = &quot;Constitution&quot;&gt;[http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-info/Government/constitution-6-1.html  Constitution], [http://iranoline.com./  Iran Online].&lt;/ref&gt; — giving at least token acknowledgment of individual or minority rights.&lt;ref name = &quot;Great Revolution&quot;&gt;WRIGHT, [http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/w/wright-revolution.html The Last Great Revolution], NY Times Books.&lt;/ref&gt; Khomeini met with the [[w:Persian Jews|Jewish community]] upon his return from exile in [[w:Paris|Paris]] and issued a [[w:fatwa|fatwa]] decreeing that the Jews were to be protected. Similar edicts also protect Iran's tiny Christian minority.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.sephardicstudies.org/iran.html]&lt;/ref&gt;

====Religious minorities====
On the other hand, religious minorities in Iran complain of discrimination, particularly the members of the [[Bahá'í Faith]], which has been declared heretical. More than 200 Bahá'ís have been executed or killed, hundreds more have been imprisoned, and tens of thousands have been deprived of jobs, pensions, businesses, and educational opportunities. All national Bahá'í administrative structures have been banned by the government, and holy places, shrines and cemeteries have been confiscated, vandalized, or destroyed. In March 2006, a United Nations report informed the world that Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamene’i has instructed a number of government agencies, including the revolutionary guard and the police force, to 'collect any and all information about members of the Bahá'í Faith'.&lt;ref name = &quot;ACL&quot;&gt;[http://www.adl.org/NR/exeres/6D76431B-A665-4CE0-9AF7-4CF07D733D31.htm  ADL Says Iranian Attempt to Monitor Bahais Sets 'Dangerous Precedent'], [http://www.adl.org/  ADL].&lt;/ref&gt;  

====Political repression==== 
Political repression has been a major complaint against the Islamic Republic.  Grumbling once done about the tyranny and corruption of the Shah and his court is now directed against &quot;the Mullahs.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Shirley, ''Know Thine Enemy'' (1997)&lt;/ref&gt; Fear of SAVAK has been replaced by fear of Revolutionary Guards, and other religious revolutionary enforcers.&lt;ref&gt;Schirazi, ''Constitution of Iran,'' 1997, p. 153.&lt;/ref&gt;  Violations of [[w:human rights|human rights]] by the theocratic regime is said by some to be worse than during the monarchy,&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.benadorassociates.com/article/17253  Ganji: Iran's Boris YELTSIN],&quot; by Amir Taheri, ''Arab News'' [[w:July 25|July 25]], [[w:2005|2005]]&lt;/ref&gt; and in any case extremely grave.&lt;ref name = &quot;HRW&quot;&gt;[http://hrw.org/backgrounder/mena/iran1205/index.htm  Backgrounder], [http://hrw.org./  HRW].&lt;/ref&gt;  [[w:Torture|Torture]], the imprisoning of dissidents, and the murder of prominent critics is commonplace. 
Censorship is handled by the Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance, without whose official permission, &quot;no books or magazines are published, no audiotapes are distributed, no movies are shown and no cultural organization is established.&quot;&lt;ref&gt; Naghmeh Zarbafian in ''My Sister, Guard Your Veil, My Brother, Guard Your Eyes'' (2006), (p.63)&lt;/ref&gt;

====Women====
The impact on women of the revolution has been particularly mixed. One of the striking features of the revolution was the large scale participation of women — from traditional backgrounds — in demonstrations.&lt;ref&gt;Graham ''Iran'' (1980) p. 227.&lt;/ref&gt;  Some of this liberating effect has continued. Female university enrollment has risen steadily,  reaching 66% in 2003.&lt;ref&gt;Keddie,''Modern Iran'' (2003) p.286&lt;/ref&gt;  There are large numbers of women in the civil service and higher education, one example being the 14 women who were elected to the [[w:Islamic Consultative Assembly|Islamic Consultative Assembly]] in 1996.  On the other hand, the Islamic revolution is ideologically committed to inequality for women in inheritance and other areas of [[w:Human rights in Iran#The civil code|the civil code]]; and especially committed to segregation of the sexes. Many places, from &quot;schoolrooms to ski slopes to public buses&quot;, are strictly segregated.  Females caught by revolutionary officials in a mixed-sex situation can be subject to virginity tests.&lt;ref&gt;Wright, ''The Last Great Revolution,'' (2000), p.136.&lt;/ref&gt;
&quot;Bad hijab&quot; ― exposure of any part of the body other than hands and face — is subject to punishment of up to 70 lashes or 60 days imprisonment.&lt;ref&gt;Wright, ''The Last Great Revolution'' (2000), p.136.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://switch5.castup.net/frames/20041020_MemriTV_Popup/video_480x360.asp?ai=214&amp;ar=1445wmv&amp;ak=null] Video: `Iranian Police Enforces &quot;Islamic Dress Code&quot; on Women in the Streets of Tehran,` April 15, 2007&lt;/ref&gt;

====Economy====
Iran's economy has not prospered. Dependence on petroleum exports is still strong. &lt;ref&gt;Keddie, ''Modern Iran'', (2003), p.271.&lt;/ref&gt;  Per capita income, which fluctuates with the price of oil, has fallen by one estimate to as low as 1/4 of what it was during the Shah's era &lt;ref&gt;Low reached in 1995, from: Mackey, ''Iranians'', 1996, p. 366.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;According to World Bank figures, which take 1974 as 100, per capita GDP went from a high of 115 in 1976 to a low of 60 in 1988, the year war with Iraq ended ...&quot; (Keddie, ''Modern Iran'', 2003, p.274) 
 &lt;/ref&gt; and is still less than it was before the revolution.  Unemployment among Iran's population of young has steadily risen as job creation has failed to keep up,&lt;ref name = &quot;Economist 2004-12-09&quot;&gt;&quot;Still failing, still defiant&quot;, ''Economist'', December 9, 2004.&lt;/ref&gt; a high level of corruption being blamed in part.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Iran: Bribery and Kickbacks Persists Despite Anti-Corruption Drive.&quot; ''Global Information Network,'' July 15, 2004 p. 1.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Economist 2004-12-09&quot; /&gt; 

''Gharbzadegi'' (&quot;westoxification&quot;) or western cultural influence stubbornly remains, brought by music recordings, videos, and satellite dishes.&lt;ref name = &quot;Cultural Gems&quot;&gt;[http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/khomeini_promises_kept.html#Cultural  Culture], Khomeini Promises Kept, [http://gemsofislamism.tripod.com/  Gems of Islamism].&lt;/ref&gt;  One post-revolutionary opinion poll found 61% of students in Tehran chose &quot;Western artists&quot; as their role models with only 17% choosing &quot;Iran's officials.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;‘Political Inclinations of the Youth and Students,’ ''Asr-e Ma,'' n.13, 19 April 1995 in Brumberg, ''Reinventing Khomeini'' (2001), pp. 189–90.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | author=Afshar, Haleh, ed. | title=Iran: A Revolution in Turmoil | location=Albany | publisher=SUNY Press | year=1985 | id={{ISBN|0-333-36947-5}}}}
* {{cite book | author=Barthel, Günter, ed. | title=Iran: From Monarchy to Republic | location=Berlin | publisher=Akademie-Verlag | year=1983 | id=&lt;!— ISBN ?? —&gt;}}
* {{cite book | author=Daniel, Elton L. | title=The History of Iran | location=Westport, CT | publisher=Greenwood Press | year=2000 | id={{ISBN|0-313-30731-8}}}}
* {{cite book | author=Esposito, John L., ed. | title=The Iranian Revolution: Its Global Impact | location=Miami | publisher=Florida International University Press | year=1990 | id={{ISBN|0-8130-0998-7}}}}
* {{cite book | author=Harris, David | title=The Crisis: The President, the Prophet, and the Shah — 1979 and the Coming of Militant Islam | publisher=New York &amp; Boston: Little, Brown | year=2004 | id={{ISBN|0-316-32394-2}}}}
* {{cite book | author=Hiro, Dilip | title=Holy Wars: The Rise of Islamic Fundamentalism | location=New York | publisher=Routledge | year=1989 | id={{ISBN|0-415-90208-8}}}} (Chapter 6: Iran: Revolutionary Fundamentalism in Power.)
* [[w:Ryszard Kapuściński|Kapuściński, Ryszard]]. ''[[w:Shah of Shahs|Shah of Shahs]].'' Translated from Polish by William R. Brand and Katarzyna Mroczkowska-Brand.  New York: Vintage International, 1992.
* [[w:Charles Kurzman|Kurzman, Charles]]. ''The Unthinkable Revolution.''  Cambridge, MA &amp; London: Harvard University Press, 2004.
* Ladjevardi, Habib (editor), ''Memoirs of Shapour Bakhtiar'', Harvard University Press, 1996.
* Legum, Colin, et al., eds. ''Middle East Contemporary Survey: Volume III, 1978–79.'' New York: Holmes &amp; Meier Publishers, 1980.  + *Legum, Colin, et al., eds. ''Middle East Conte  
* [[w:Abbas Milani|Milani, Abbas]], ''The Persian Sphinx: Amir Abbas Hoveyda and the Riddle of the Iranian Revolution'', Mage Publishers, 2000, {{ISBN|0-934211-61-2}}.   
* Munson, Henry, Jr. ''Islam and Revolution in the Middle East.'' New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.   
* Nafisi, Azar. &quot;Reading Lolita in Tehran.&quot; New York: Random House, 2003.    
* [[w:Ali Reza Nobari|Nobari, Ali Reza]], ed. ''Iran Erupts: Independence: News and Analysis of the Iranian National Movement.'' Stanford: Iran-America Documentation Group, 1978. 
* Nomani, Farhad &amp; Sohrab Behdad, ''Class and Labor in Iran; Did the Revolution Matter?''  Syracuse University Press. 2006. {{ISBN|0-8156-3094-8}}
* [[w:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza]], ''Response to History'', Stein &amp; Day Pub, 1980, {{ISBN|0-8128-2755-4}}.   
* Rahnema, Saeed &amp; Sohrab Behdad, eds. ''Iran After the Revolution: Crisis of an Islamic State.'' London: [[w:I.B. Tauris|I.B. Tauris]], 1995.    
* Sick, Gary. ''All Fall Down: America's Tragic Encounter with Iran.'' New York: Penguin Books, 1986.   
* [[w:William Shawcross|Shawcross, William]], ''The Shah's last ride: The death of an ally'', Touchstone, 1989, {{ISBN|0-671-68745-X}}.   
* Smith, Frank E. ''[http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch29ir.html The Iranian Revolution.]'' 1998.   
* Society for Iranian Studies, ''Iranian Revolution in Perspective.'' Special volume of Iranian Studies, 1980.  Volume 13, nos. 1–4.   
* [[w:Time magazine|Time magazine]], [[w:January 7|January 7]], [[w:1980|1980]]. ''Man of the Year'' (Ayatollah Khomeini).
* U.S. Department of State, ''American Foreign Policy Basic Documents, 1977–1980.'' Washington, DC: GPO, 1983.  JX 1417 A56 1977–80 REF - 67 pages on Iran.

* Yapp, M.E. ''The Near East Since the First World War: A History to 1995.'' London: Longman, 1996.  Chapter 13: Iran, 1960–1989.
* Freddy Eytan &quot; France and the Iranian Revolution&quot; ''[http://www.brusselsjournal.com/node/1857]''

==References and notes==   
{{Reflist|2}}
  
===Bibliography=== 
*{{cite book |author=Amuzgar, Jahangir |title=The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution: The Pahlavis' Triumph and Tragedy: 31. |publisher=SUNY Press|year=1991}} 
*{{cite book |author=Arjomand, Said Amir |title=Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran |publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1988}}      
*{{cite book |author=Abrahamian, Ervand |title=Iran between two revolutions|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1982}}      
*{{cite book |author=Benard, Cheryl and Khalilzad, Zalmay |title=&quot;The Government of God&quot; — Iran's Islamic Republic
|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1984}}   
*{{cite book |author=Graham, Robert|title=Iran, the Illusion of Power |publisher=St. Martin's Press |year=1980}}   
*{{cite book |author=Harney, Desmond|title=The priest and the king: an eyewitness account of the Iranian revolution
|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=1998}}   
*{{cite book |author=Harris, David|title=The Crisis: the President, the Prophet, and the Shah — 1979 and the Coming of  Militant Islam |publisher=Little, Brown|year=2004}}   
*{{cite book |author=Hoveyda, Fereydoun|title=The Shah and the Ayatollah: Iranian mythology and Islamic revolution |publisher=Praeger|year=2003}}   
*{{cite book |author=Kapuscinski, Ryszard |title=Shah of Shahs |publisher=Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich |year=1985}}   
*{{cite book |author=Keddie, Nikki |title=Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution |publisher=Yale University Press|year=2003}} 
*{{cite book |author=Kepel, Gilles |title=The Trail of Political Islam |publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2002}}   
*{{cite book |author=Mackey, Sandra |title=The Iranians: Persia, Islam and the Soul of a Nation |publisher=Dutton |year=1996}}   
*{{cite book |author=Miller, Judith|title=God Has Ninety Nine Names |publisher=Simon &amp; Schuster |year=1996}}   
*{{cite book |author=Moin, Baqer |title=Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah |publisher=Thomas Dunne Books |year=2000}}  
*{{cite book |author=Roy, Olivier |title=The Failure of Political Islam | translated by Carol Volk | publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1994}}    
*{{cite book |author=Ruthven, Malise|title=Islam in the World|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2000}}   
*{{cite book |author=Schirazi, Asghar |title=The Constitution of Iran |publisher=Tauris |year=1997}}   
*{{cite book |author=Shirley, Edward|title=Know Thine Enemy |publisher= Farra|year=1997}}    
*{{cite book |author=Taheri, Amir|title=The Spirit of Allah |publisher=Adler &amp; Adler |year=1985}}   
*{{cite book |author=Wright, Robin |title=The Last Great Revolution: Turmoil And Transformation In Iran |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf: Distributed by Random House |year=2000}}   
*{{cite book |author=Zabih, Sepehr|title=''Iran Since the Revolution |publisher=Johns Hopkins Press |year=1982}}
*{{cite book |author=Zanganeh, Lila Azam (editor) |title=My Sister, Guard Your Veil, My Brother, Guard Your Eyes : Uncensored Iranian Voices |publisher=Beacon Press| year=2006}}</text>
      <sha1>bihwpn1fartaht076xnoycjzait1v6l</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Inorganic Chemistry/Chemical Bonding/Introduction</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>151721</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448970</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:14:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>catagorization &gt; categorization</comment>
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      <text bytes="17128" sha1="78w5yu8anttw2tsh0tt14kcca3ky09v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:HCL.png|thumb|300px|A simple representation of the structure of bonded HydrogenChloride(HCL) Molecule]]
There are 118 elements, known so far, in the world of Chemistry. All these elements combine with each other, under certain conditions, to give rise to compound particles called molecules or simply  compounds. The process of formation of these compounds, by combination of two or more atoms of the same or different elements to form molecules, is known as '''Chemical Bonding'''. The result of this phenomenon is called a '''Chemical Bond'''. Throughout Inorganic Chemistry, the term ''bond'' may be presumed to be synonymous with ''force''. Hence, a Chemical Bond is defined as the strong force of attraction which can hold a group of two or more atomic species   together. The atomic species, here, can be referred to, more or less, the atom itself. A single bond binds two atoms, though multiple bonds may exist between two atoms. A Chemical Bond is defined as the force of attraction which can hold a group of two or more atoms together. A single bond binds two atoms. More comprehensively, a Chemical Bond can also be defined as a force of attraction which holds together a group of two or more different types of atom in such a way that one chemical bond gives rise to a diatomic unit which is itself the new molecule or is a part of the newly formed species called a molecule or a compound. For example, in a water molecule, where the oxygen atom is bonded with two hydrogen atoms, the O-H bond acts as a unit(water molecule has two such units). Hence, a chemical bond is the force which results in such a unit. Units like these, similar or dissimilar, will combine with each other, accordingly, again with the help of the chemical bonds, to give rise to a compound. The properties of this compound generally differ from those of the individual elements involved in bonding.

All elements combine with each other, according to the way their properties permit them to bond, by means of these chemical bonds giving rise to more than 7 million known compounds. This is the same as the way in which a few letters of the alphabet of a language are arranged in different patterns to give rise to innumerable words and in turn form many sentences. Just as grammar gives the rules which govern the formation of the words and sentences in the language, there are also conditions which govern the formation of chemical bonds between different elements. These conditions, for each type of bond, will be discussed in detail in further topics. But after knowing what a chemical bond means, we have to explain the basic factor for chemical bonding: ''Why does Chemical Bonding occur?''  What might be the reason that the atoms combine with each other by means of chemical bonds? Another question which arises is that when the atoms are neutral in their ground state, what is the agent which is responsible for the force, called the bond, between them? In other words: ''How does the chemical bond occur?''  The last fundamental question is: ''How can the changed properties of the compound be determined by observing the bond formed?'' These three are the fundamental questions of chemical bonding. Listing them again:
* ''Why does Chemical Bonding occur?''
* ''How does the chemical bond occur?''
* ''How can the changed properties of the compound be determined by observing the bond formed?''

==Valency==

Before attempting to answer each of the above questions, we have to get to know an important characteristic feature of atoms. And this feature is called ''Valency'' or ''Valence''. Though this concept evolved in the 18th Centaury, the first theory of valency was put forward by Edward Frankland in 1852. The word Valency is derived from a Latin word '''Valencia''' which means capacity. This implies that it is the combining capacity of the atoms. Therefore, Valency of an element was defined as the number of Hydrogen or Chlorine atoms with which an atom of that element combines, to form a compound. The valencies of H and Cl were concluded as one. For example, since Oxygen combines with two Hydrogen atoms to form a water molecule, the valency of Oxygen was stated two. But this way of evaluating valency gave variable and fractional valencies. The valencies of Nitrogen in the compounds NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; , N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;  and N&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;H were 3, 2 and 1/3 respectively. Hence this would add more confusion and therefore, the definition of valency was concluded as the number of chemical bonds the atom of an element can form in a molecule or compound. But even this gave variable valencies, not addressing the confusion. But after the discovery of a negetively charged elementary particle called electron, the theory of valency was finely innovated. This theory is called Electronic Theory Of Valency. It states the fact, which we now know, that electrons are responsible for the chemical bonding. According to this theory, valency is the number of electrons present in the outermost energy shell of the atom. This energy shell is called valency shell. The theory, in detail, shall be discussed after addressing the first fundamental question of chemical bonding.

==Causes of Bonding==
Chemical Bonding, as discussed earlier, is some interactions between a group of two or more atoms of similar or dissimilar elements. But we have to amicably agree that this doesn’t happen just for the sake of formation of compounds. The formation of these Compounds is purely unintentional and their use by man is, to the same rate, incidental. The reason for these interactions is quiet natural.

===Overall decrease in energy===
Every system in the universe has a tendency to stay in the lowest energy form. This is unanimously an axiom. Since an atom is also a natural system, even it has a tendency of acquiring the state of possessing the lowest ''potential energy''. It is only under this condition that the atoms combine together. This means that the fundamental reason for the bonding of atoms is that they loose their stored potential energy by forming bonds. This is the only reason for chemical combination. Now we have to understand ''how does the energy, stored in the atoms, decrease due to formation of chemical bond?'' This needs some knowledge in the Work-Energy Theorem. According to this theorem, the work done on a system is equal to the change in the Kinetic Energy of the same system. 
{{PSG/eq|&lt;math&gt;W = \Delta\mathrm{KE} - (1)\ &lt;/math&gt;}}
We also know that Work is equal to product of Force and displacement, provided that both the these vectors are in same direction. Or we can also say that Work is the dot product of Force and Displacement vectors.
{{PSG/eq|&lt;math&gt;W = \vec{F}\cdot\vec{d} - (2)&lt;/math&gt;}}
Equations (1) and (2) imply that the product of force and displacement is equal to change in kinetic energy of the system.
{{PSG/eq|&lt;math&gt;\vec{F}\cdot\vec{d} = \Delta\mathrm{KE}&lt;/math&gt;}}
But according to the Law of Conservation of Energy, positive change in kinetic energy is equal to negative change in potential energy.
{{PSG/eq|&lt;math&gt;\Delta\mathrm{KE}= -\Delta\mathrm{PE}&lt;/math&gt;}}

[[File:Attraction.png|thumb|350px|A pictorial representation of the forces which come into play during the interaction.]]
Hence, as the dot product of force an displacement increases, the potential energy decreases. And this rule explains the interactions between the atoms. For example, If two atoms come close together, three types of attractive and repulsive forces come into play. They are:
# The force of attraction between the electrons(of both the atoms) and the nuclei of both the atoms.
# The force of repulsion between the nuclei of both the atoms.
# The force of repulsion between the electrons.
For the atoms to combine force of attraction should be more than force of repulsion.
If the resultant of the work done in these three forces is positive, then there is a decrease in the amount of stored potential energy of the atoms. As a result, both the atoms prefer to go on interacting with each other as long as no external agent interferes this interaction. If the work done in the above three forces is negative, then there is less possibility of bond formation. Remember that the decrease in energy results in just interaction between the atoms and this interaction cannot be justified as a bond because these interaction easily fall prey to external disturbances. Hence they are not much stable. A bond is something which holds the atoms more strongly, to give rise to a compound which is more stable. It should, as well, be noted that the ultimate reason for bonding of atoms is always decrease in energy.

===Attainment of stable configuration===
As said above, the atoms combine with each other ''only'' when there is a decrease in  stored potential energy. And a factor which contributes to the amount of this stored energy, in an atom, is its electronic configuration. In 1916, world famous chemists Gilbert N. Lewis and Walther Kossel, independently, found that the atoms of elements belonging to the last group of the periodic table, the Noble gases, have ''minimum'' amount of potential energy, under ordinary conditions. This was found to be due to the electronic configuration of their outermost energy shell or ''valency shell''. In that case, they need not bond with any other atoms, implying that they are chemically ''inert''. So any other atom, irrespective of its atomic number, whose valence shell has a configuration of the outermost shells of these Inert Gases, is said to have minimum energy and hence more stable. This is called Octet Rule. Except Helium, all the other Inert Gases’ outermost shells have a configuration of ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, np&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;. Helium’s outermost shell’s configuration is just ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. However, since the valency shell of Helium has no p-orbital, 2 electrons in outermost shell is acceptable to stability. It is only in case of absence of p-orbital that this applies. Therefore, the atoms whose outermost shells have a configuration of ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, np&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; or ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;(in special cases) are stable. The reasons for their stability in this state is too early to discuss. So, in this level, we have to assume it as an axiom. 

Hence, the atoms always tend to attain this configuration of Noble Gases. They do this by interacting with other atom(s) and by forming bond with them. The mechanism of this bond forming answers the second fundamental question of chemical bonding. It shall be well explained after we learn about theElectronic Theory of Valency. By this, we understand that the arrangement of electrons in the atoms is responsible for chemical bonding. Hence, electrons are indirectly responsible for chemical bonding. It should be noted that octet rule is not always followed. There are some exceptions which are explained in ''Faliure of Octet Rule''.

==Electronic Theory of Valency==
The Electronic Theory of Valency was the theory which gave valency, a uniqueness. It actually evolved due to the discovery of electron. Since it is a theory which relates valency with electrons, it is called Electronic Theory of Valency. This theory was developed by Gilbert N. Lewis and Walther Kossel. As we know, they found that Noble Gases are inert due to the configuration of their outermost energy shell. They have 8 electrons in their outermost shell, with exception to Helium.  This implies that the number of electrons in the outermost shell is related to the stability of the atom. In other words, the electrons are themselves responsible for chemical bonding. Hence this theory was developed. This theory also explains how, actually, are the bonds  formed. The main points of this theory are:
# Valency means the number of electrons in the outermost energy shell of the given atom. This outermost shell is called Valency Shell.
# The elements which have ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, np&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; or just ns&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;(in special cases) as the configuration of their valency shell are chemically inert, under ordinary conditions. They have minimum stored energy and need not form any bond. These are called Noble Gases.
# The atoms which does not have the said valency configuration are not much stable. They always tend to attain the configuration of the Noble Gases, i.e. have 8 electrons in the valency shell, and attain stability.
# The above said valency configuration can be attained by interacting with other atom(s). These interactions are of two types:
## Gaining or loosing electrons in such a way that at the end, both the atoms have 8 valence electrons.
## Sharing of the electrons between the atoms. (Note: Electrons are shared in pairs only)

This  gaining or loosing or sharing of electrons, by an atom, are interactions which result in attractions between the atoms. Therefore, these interactions can be stated as bonds. The interaction which involves gaining or loosing of electrons is called ''Electrovalent Bond'' and the one in which sharing is done is called ''Covalent Bond''. A comprehensive categorization of these types of bonds shall be discussed in the next section. Now, the Electronic Theory of Valency can be concluded as: ''The union of two or more atoms occurs in such a way that the electrons are rearranged(either by transfer or sharing of electrons), so as, for both of them, to attain Noble Gas configuration of minimum stored energy.''

==Formation of a Chemical Bond==
Now that we know that electrons are responsible for chemical bonding, we will be able to answer the second question.  A chemical bond is formed by the interactions, between two atoms, which involve rearrangement of electrons in the interacting atoms. This rearrangement may be due to either transfer of electrons or sharing of electrons. These rearrangements result in forces which hold the interacting atoms, together. These forces are called bonds. There are many types of bonds. First, we will learn about the basic three types of bonds. Of these, two are nearly alike. They are:

;Electrovalent Bond:
This is the bond formed due to transfer of electron(s) form one atom to another. This transfer results in formation of opposite charges on the atoms. These charged atoms(called ions) attract each other, forming the bond.

;Covalent Bond:
In this bond the interacting atoms share electron pair(s).  But  both the atoms should contribute equal number of electrons in such a way that both of them attain octet configuration.

;Co-ordinate Bond:
This is like a covalent bond.  However, here the shared electron pair is contributed by only one atom.  In other words, one atom contributes two electrons while the other contributes none, for sharing.

Apart from these, another type of bond is the '''Metallic bond'''.  In this a metal shares its electrons among all the atoms. We will learn about all these types of bonding, in detail, in the following chapters.  We will introduce more theories of chemical bonding in due course.

==Lewis Symbols==
[[File:Lewisstr.gif|thumb|Lewis Dot Structures of some elements]]
The Lewis Symbols, olso known as Lewis Dot Structures, are the structures which represent an atom of any given element. They are named after Gilbert N. Lewis, who introduced them in his 1916 article ''The Atom and the Molecule''.  These structures are extensively used to represent symbolically the valency (number of electrons in the outermost shell) of a given atom. These symbols basically give us an idea of the number of unpaired electons in the valency shell of the atom. They are represented by the symbol of the element, surrounded by either ''dots'' or ''crosses''. The maximum number of dots for any element is taken as 8, because the valency of an atom cannot exceed 8. For writing these structures for an atom, we primarily need to know the exact electronic configuration of the given atom. Then we have to count the number of electrons in the outermost shell/valency shell of the atom. This number of electrons in the outermost orbit gives the valency of the atom. This many dots or crosses are placed around the symbol of the elemente.

For example, Chlorine has 7 electrons in its outermost shell. That means its valency is 7. Then the Lewis symbol of Chlorine is represented by putting 7 dots or crosses around its symbol(Cl), as shown in the adjacent figure. In this way we find that Cl has an unpaired electron. We can similarly draw Lewis structures for atoms of any element. Lewis Structures can also be drawn for the atoms which are bonded. These aspects will be discussed in a separate chapter.

==Third Question?==
The third question of chemical bonding is:''How does the nature of bond determine the properties of the compound formed?'' The answer to this question mainly depends on the type of bond between atoms. Hence, we can in detail understand the characteristics of compounds, depending upon the type of bond involved in its formation. However, there are properties of compounds which are not explained by the bond type. In order to explain them, many more theories of chemical bonding were proposed. We would ledifarn them in due course.

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== Parrot Compiler Tools ==

{{Wikipedia|Python 3000}}

The first section of this book covered some of the basics of the Parrot platform, and the various features that Parrot provides for use with other high level languages. It is important to notice that Parrot provides more features and capabilities than most individual languages require. This is because Parrot aims to be a platform to support multiple high-level dynamic programming languages, each of which have diverse feature sets. Some of the most recent versions of these programming languages, such as Perl 6 and Python 3000 have very interesting feature sets planned that cannot be supported well by any other existing interpreter or virtual machine platform.

PIR and Parrot programming so far has been relatively low-level, but the goal of Parrot is to support high-level languages. To facilitate this goal, Parrot provides tools that compiler-designers can use to quickly and easily create the advanced language features that next-generation languages like Python 3000 and Perl 6 need. These are, collectively, known as the '''Parrot Compiler Tools''' (PCT). The PCT are a set of tools that people can use to quickly and easily implement new programming languages on the Parrot platform. We will talk about them in this chapter and some of the following chapters too.

=== Parsing and Compiling: How Parrot Works ===

Parrot is designed to be a highly modular system. This means that many components can be interchanged as needed. Some of these changes need to be specified at compile time, but others can be performed at runtime. 

Inputting a program to Parrot goes through multiple steps. Here is a brief overview of these:
;Parser and Lexer: The first stage to Parrot is the Parser and Lexer (Lexer is short for &quot;Lexical Analyzer&quot;). We will discuss the operations of these components in more detail later in this chapter, and in future chapters. The parser and lexer read input code in PIR or PASM and convert it into a data representation called an '''abstract syntax tree''' (AST). An AST is a way to represent program instructions in a way that is very easy for a computer to work with.
;Compiler: The compiler unit converts information in the AST into Parrot Bytecode format. Bytecode is a set of instructions in binary machine language. From here, Parrot can execute the bytecode directly, or it can save the bytecode to disk and execute it later. 
;Optimizer: The optimizer takes the generated bytecode and attempts to make it smaller, faster, and more efficient. Bytecode that has been properly optimized will typically execute faster than non-optimized bytecode.
;JIT Compiler: Short for &quot;Just In Time&quot;, the JIT compiler attempts to convert Parrot bytecode into native machine code. This will typically bring large speed increases, but is highly platform-dependent and does not yet work on any systems.
;Interpreter: Once a program has been converted into bytecode, that bytecode is loaded into the interpreter where it is executed.

This is just a very brief overview of these components, we will discuss them in more detail in later chapters. It is worth nothing here, however, that many of these components are modular and can be swapped out if you would like to use a different one. For instance, if you already have a parser written for a particular language, instead of having to rewrite the parser using PCT, you can load your existing parser into Parrot. Of course, you will probably need to make modifications to ensure that your custom parser outputs a proper AST, but that's a small price to pay to avoid having to completely rewrite your language parser from the ground up.

== PCT Design Process ==

PCT includes a number of tools and design steps necessary to create a compiler for a new programming language. Here is a brief look at some of the steps required to create a new compiler:

#Create a language shell
#Create a Grammar file
#Create a grammar actions file
#Create necessary classes, built-in functions, and PMCs
#Create the driver program 

Once you have your compiler, you can use it to run programs written in your high-level language. Here are some steps involved in running your compiler:

#Compile your grammar into a Parrot Abstract Syntax Tree (PAST)
#Compile the PAST into a Parrot Optimized Syntax Tree (POST)
#Compile the POST into Parrot Bytecode (PBC) or PIR
#Run the PBC or PIR on Parrot

This should give you a rough idea of what needs to be done to create a compiler, and how a compiler operates. We'll elaborate on each of these steps in this chapter and the next few chapters in this section.

== Creating a Language Shell ==

A new language shell has a number of components. There are the grammar and action files that we've mentioned, but you also need a driver program to create the HLLCompiler object and start the compilation. Also, if you want to have any built-in functions or classes, you will need to write them. To simplify the whole process, you will want to have a makefile to handle all the build steps for writing your language.

Luckily, there is a tool available to simplify this process, &lt;code&gt;mk_language_shell.pl&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;code&gt;mk_language_shell.pl&lt;/code&gt; is a Perl 5 program that creates all the necessary files for creating a new language compiler, and fills those files with some helpful default code. It is located, from the Parrot root folder in the &lt;code&gt;tools/dev/&lt;/code&gt; folder. To run this program from your shell, go to the Parrot root folder and type:

 tools/dev/mk_language_shell.pl &lt;LANGUAGE_NAME&gt; &lt;PATH&gt;

Here, &lt;code&gt;&lt;LANGUAGE_NAME&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is the name of your new language, and &lt;code&gt;&lt;PATH&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is the directory where you want it to be stored. By convention, all language projects are stored in the &lt;code&gt;languages/&lt;/code&gt; directory. Using this directory makes it more easy for other build tools to find it.

For example, if we wanted to create a new language called &quot;mylanguage&quot;, we could write

 tools/dev/mk_language_shell.pl mylanguage languages/mylanguage

This will create all the necessary files, including a makefile for your language project. Notice that many of these default files, including the makefile, will need to be edited or modified as time goes on. You may want to, as practice, open the makefile and see how things are being built. If you've never seen a makefile before, this is your opportunity to learn about what they are and how they work.

== Grammars and Actions ==

{{SideBox|'''Note:''' PGE actually is ''the Perl 6 grammar engine''. The Perl 6 compiler calls PGE to handle grammar rules in Perl 6 source code.}}

Grammars, typically files with a &quot;.pg&quot; file extension, are compiled using the Parrot Grammar Engine (PGE). PGE is an implementation of the Perl 6 rules engine for Parrot. PGE uses a Recursive Descent parser, although certain components such as expressions can be parsed using a bottom-up parser for efficiency. If you have read the book on [[Compiler Construction]] this should make some sense to you. If not, the details about the parser are not particularly important at this point. 

Unfortunately, there is a little bit of terminology that we need to cover before we can go any further into this. People who are familiar with grammars and parsers can skip this section. Everybody else should try to read through it because it's valuable and pertinent information.

A tool called a '''lexical analyzer''' reads the input file and converts chunks of text into things called &quot;tokens&quot;. Tokens are then arranged into particular patterns called &quot;rules&quot; by the parser. When a rule is successfully applied to a set of input tokens, the rule is said to &quot;match&quot; the input. Think of a token as a word in a sentence. Alone, a single word might not have much meaning. But if you put multiple words together into a sentence, the intended meaning becomes clear. A parser takes a group of tokens together and tries to form them into a &quot;sentence&quot;, or a known pattern. If a valid pattern of tokens is found, the parser succeeds. 

At each step of the parsing process, the parser receives a token from the lexical analyzer. If the parser has enough tokens to make a valid pattern, it succeeds. If it doesn't have enough information to form a valid pattern, it requests the next token and tries again. Large patterns are divided up into smaller patterns. Tokens are combined together into small patterns, and small patterns are combined together into larger tokens. Eventually, the whole code file is reduced to a single pattern and the parser exits. 

At each step the parser may optionally perform an action using information in the token. The parser will associate particular actions with different token types. The action performed on an open-parenthesis token is not going to be the same as the action performed on a close-parenthesis token. In the case of PGE, actions are functions, typically written in PIR or NQP, that create a PAST node. PAST nodes are stored into a large tree that represents the input. This is called the parse tree. When the parser reaches its final match and succeeds, the parse tree is passed to the next stages of the toolkit for processing and eventual conversion into Parrot bytecode.

{{info|The process of parsing and all the necessary theory involved is very complex, and is beyond the scope of this book. However, if you would like more information, there are links in the section titled '''Resources''' at the bottom of this page.}}

Implementing a new language on Parrot, as we mentioned earlier, is broken into a number of parts:

*Write a grammar file using Perl 6 Grammar rules
*Write a grammar actions file using NQP
*Write a driver program in PIR
*Write built-in functions, classes, and PMCs, using PIR (or C, for the PMCs)

Once you create your language shell, all of these files will be produced for you. All you need to do is fill in your grammar and actions into the necessary files, write the rest of the necessary built-in code, and you should have a working compiler. Once you have modified these files to do what you need them to, there is an additional optional step that you should take:

*Write a series of test modules to verify that your language operates properly.

We will discuss testing and test harnesses later. We will discuss writing parsers and action files in the next few chapters.

== The Driver Program ==

The driver program, which is the main entry point to your compiler has a number of tasks to perform. The first and most important job for your driver program is to create a compiler object for the high-level language in question, and pass the command-line arguments to that compiler object. The compiler object is an HLLCompiler object, and the HLLCompiler class contains all the necessary methods for parsing command-line arguments and initializing the compiler. For more information about the HLLCompiler class, see the [[Parrot Virtual Machine/HLLCompiler Class|Appendix]].

A driver program has a number of tasks. Here they are, in no particular order:
#Specify a &lt;code&gt;:main&lt;/code&gt; function, which starts the program
#Create an HLLCompiler object for the given High-Level Language(HLL)
#Specify any additional details to the HLLCompiler object, to change the operation of the compiler prior to the parsing stage.
#Include the necessary libraries of classes and built-in functions that the language needs to operate. For most language, this will include at least one library loading routine capable of loading additional libraries into Parrot for use with the HLL and programs written in it.
#Declare any global variables that will be used with the parser, or will be used by HLL programs.

In addition to these, there may be other tasks which the language designer might wish to perform inside the main driver program.

== Getting Help ==

When you are writing your new language compiler, there are a number of places that you can go to get help. The Parrot repository contains all the current Parrot documentation, in POD format. Perl 5 programmers will be familiar with POD, but other users might not be. POD is a simple documentation format that is treated like multi-line comments in Perl code. Special programs like pod2html can be used to convert POD files into other file types for presentation, such as HTML.

There are many languages in the &lt;code&gt;languages/&lt;/code&gt; directory. If you are trying to implement a particular feature for your language, chances are good that you can find an existing example of how another language has implemented that feature. One excellent tool to use, especially when you are constructing PAST node trees, or writing functions in PIR is the &lt;code&gt;--target=&lt;/code&gt; directive to Parrot. This directive lets you specify an output dump format. For instance, if you go to the &lt;code&gt;languages/perl6/&lt;/code&gt; directory, you can type the following

 ../../parrot perl6.pbc --target=pir

This command will output the PIR of any Perl 6 instructions that you type in. These options work for Parrot, so all the languages will use them, not just Perl 6. Here are some of the other targets you may want to try:

* pir: prints out the result PIR from the code 
* pasm: Prints out the result PASM code
* past: Prints out the past node tree that is generated from the code
* parse: prints out a parse tree of the code

Try all these, and see what kinds of results you get using different languages.

If you have looked for help in the POD documentation and in the existing code examples, it might be time to find a real human to ask. Parrot developers and enthusiasts congregate in the [irc://irc.perl.org/parrot #parrot] (irc.perl.org) chatroom. Perl 6 developers and enthusiasts congregate in the [irc://irc.freenode.net/perl6 #perl6] (freenode) chatroom. 

Other resources and methods of contact are available at http://www.parrotcode.org/resources.html

== Resources ==

*http://www.parrotcode.org/docs/compiler_faq.html

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{{Subject|Computer Science}}
  

''Return to [[IB Computer Science]]''

=Further System Fundamentals=
==Processor configuration==

===Instruction Register===
An '''Instruction Register''' is the part of a CPUs control unit (as seen below) that stores an instruction. The bits of the instruction register are decoded by a microprogram that controls the computer.

===Accumulator===
An '''Accumulator''' is a register within the ALU (as seen below). It temporarily stores the data from an arithmetical or logical operation, and then writes it to main memory or to another, non-accumulator CPU register (depending on what it is told to do).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Irvine |first= Kip R. |title= Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computers |year= 2007 |edition= 5th edition |publisher=Pearson Prentice Hall |id={{ISBN|0-13-238310-1}} |pages=pp. 633, 622}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Program Counter===
A '''Program Counter''' is a register located in the CPU (as seen below). It is used to hold the address of the next instruction to be fetched from the immediate access memory for execution by the computer.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title= Hutchinson Encyclopaedia |publisher=Helicon Publishing LTD 2008.}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Magnetic Disk Storage==

The most common physical device for storing files is the '''magnetic disk'''. A magnetic disk has one or more ''platters'' in the form of disks, covered with magnetic media. ''Hard disk'' platters are made of rigid metal, while ''floppy disks'' are made of more flexible plastic. Each platter on the magnetic disk has two working ''surfaces''. Older hard disk drives would sometimes not use the very top or bottom surface of a stack of platters because they were more likely to be damaged.

The surface of a platter is organized as a number of round rings, called ''tracks''. The group of tracks immediately above one another (as seen in the diagram below) is called a cylinder. 

Furthermore, each track is divided into ''sectors''. The information held in one sector, a ''block'', is the unit of transfer between the disk and primary memory (normally 4K bytes or so). The operating system determines where the blocks for each file are placed.

The data on a magnetic disk is read by read-write ''heads''. The standard configuration (as seen below) uses one head per surface, each on a separate ''arm'', and controlled by a common ''arm assembly'' which moves all heads simultaneously from one cylinder to another.

The rate at which data can be transferred from the disk to the computer is composed of 3 different steps:

{| border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Seek time
| The time to move the heads to the right track.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Latency (rotational delay)
| The time waiting for the sector to come round to the head.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Block transfer time
| Time it takes to actually transfer the data.
|}


All these times are of the order of tens of milliseconds. The seek time and latency time vary, depending on where the required block is relative to the current position of the heads. It's useful to put all the blocks of a file on one track, to minimize seek times and latencies in accessing the file. Likewise, for a larger file, it's a good idea to have it all on the same cylinder (a set of corresponding tracks on different platters). There are many other placement tricks (such as placing heavily used files on the middle tracks so that the average seek time is reduced). However, since files are of varying sizes, and can change size dynamically, it's not usually possible to place the blocks optimally. &lt;ref name=&quot;Magnetic disk storage&quot;&gt;Magnetic disk storage[http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot; Mass-Storage Structure&quot;&gt; Mass-Storage Structure[http://www.cs.uic.edu/~i385/CourseNotes/12_MassStorage.html]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Headline text ==

==Operating systems and utilities==
==Further network fundamentals==
==Computer/peripheral communication==

===Handshaking===
The definition of handshaking is described as when one computer is establishing a connection between the other computer or any other device that wants to connect to the computer. The handshake can be brought down into steps such as it will verify the connection, the speed and the authorization of the computer that it is trying to connect to. Example: When a modem connects to another modem, the dialling is the handshake between them. Modem handshakes can be muted by going to the control panel. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Handshaking.&quot; &lt;http://www.mrhope.com/jargon/h/handshak.htm&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Handshaking.&quot; &lt;http://webster.cs.ucr.edu/AoA/Windows/HTML/IOa3.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Port===
The port connection is commonly found behind the back of the computer it usually resembles a plug-in. Hardware ports allows it to access to external devices. Such as USB, printers, mouse. 

When referring to the internet or the network, a network port is a location where the information is sent. A more commonly used port is the http which is port 80. Which is commonly known as the Virtual Port.

A common way to manage a transfer is to provide a status in bits, which will be sent to a secondary input port. An example would be, a one in a single bit can tell the CPU that the printer is ready to take in more data. If a zero appears it would tell the CPU that the printer is busy therefore the CPU should not send any new data just yet. Another example would be if one bit in a different port could tell the CPU that a keystroke is hit and it is available at the data port. If the zero is shown it means that there was no keyboard stroke. 

[[Image:Portprinter.gif]]  ''An image of a printer port''

===Virtual Port===
A virtual port is an emulation of the serial port. The port can be created by a software which will enable extra ports in the system. A virtual port can be given any name (COM1337, VSP11, etc). There can be an unlimited number of virtual ports in your PC. The more ports the less computer performance it has. 

Virtual ports copy all hardware serial port functionality, including Baud rate, Data bits, Parity bits, Stop bits, etc. They control the data flow, copying all signal lines (DTR/DSR/CTS/RTS/DCD/RI) and customizing pinout. A common virtual port is Bluetooth.  A virtual port can be useful if there are less physical ports on the computer. Another use of a virtual port is to communicate with other serial devices via the internet or LAN and act as if they were connected together. Such examples can be found in applications such as Hamachi and Garena.
Links: [www.garena.com], [www.hamachi.com] &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Virtual Port.&quot; &lt;www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/VCP.htm&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Buffer===
A buffer is a part of the memory used to hold temporarily data while it is moved from one place to another. The data is stored in a buffer which will then be received from an input device such as a keyboard to an output device such as a printer. When a data is moving between processes in a computer a buffer is also used. This can be related to buffers in telecommunication. Buffers can be found in a hardware or software but it is mostly implemented in software. If the data that is being transferred has a different rate at which it is received and processed, then the buffers are typically used in a scenario such as this.  Buffers are in a combination with the I/O to hardware, such examples are the disk drives, sending and receiving data from one place to another, or playing sound on a speaker.

====Buffer and the Cache====
Some cache acts like a buffer. But it is not exactly the same, a cache operates on the premise that the same datum (plural for data) will be read from multiple times. The purpose of a cache is to reduce accesses to slower storage. A Cache is an abstraction layer meaning that it is a way of hiding the details of a particular set of functionality. Such as the OSI 7 Layer Model.
[[Image:Osi-model-7-layers.png]] '' A OSI 7 Layer Model'' 

===Data Transfer===

Computers always need to transfer data with other external devices (Input/Output devices). There are two different ways for transferring the data between computer memory and external devices:

====PIO====

''PIO'' ('''P'''rogrammed '''I'''/'''O''') is a method in which processor keeps on reading or writing on a memory unit (8-bits, 16-bits or 32-bits, depending on the device interface) until the data transferring is completed. Obviously this method consumes a large amount of processor cycles.
There are several different speeds of PIO, knows as programmed I/O modes, or more commonly, PIO modes. Table below shows five different PIO modes:

{| border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot; |PIO Mode
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot; |Cycle Time (nanoseconds)
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot; |Maximum Transfer Rate (MB/s)
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot; |Defining Standard
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Mode 1
| 600
| 3.3
| ATA
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Mode 2
| 383
| 5.2
| ATA
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Mode 3
| 240
| 8.3
| ATA
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Mode 4
| 180
| 11.1
| ATA-2
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |Mode 5
| 120
| 16.7
| ATA-2
|-
|}
&lt;br&gt;
PIO was the only method for transferring the data between devices and IDE/ATA hard disks through the mid 90s.
Three lower-speed modes (Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 3) were defined as part of the original ATA standards document; two more (Mode 4, Mode 5) were added as part of ATA-2 (as well as part of several unofficial standards.)&lt;ref name=&quot;Programmed I/O (PIO) Modes&quot;&gt;PIO[http://www.pcguide.com/ref/hdd/if/ide/modes_PIO.htm]&lt;/ref&gt;

====Direct Access Memory====

''DAM'' ('''D'''irect '''A'''ccess '''M'''emory) is a capability that allows the data on an external attached device (such as a Disk Drive) to be sent directly to the computer's memory on the motherboard. In DMA method the system issues an I/O command to the device, initiate a DMA transaction and then place the process in a waiting queue and the processor will be free afterwards to do other transmissions or execute codes. The DMA controller will inform the system when its current operation has been completed by issuing an interrupt signal. Although the data is still transferred 1 memory unit at a time from the device, the transfer to main memory now circumvents the CPU because the DMA controller can directly access the memory unit.&lt;ref name=&quot;The 8237 DMA Controller&quot;&gt;The 8237 DMA Controller[http://www.cs.sun.ac.za/~lraitt/doc_8237.html]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote width=80%; style=&quot;background:#f4f4ff; border: 1px solid #999; border-right-width: 2px; padding: 0.2em&quot;&gt;
&lt;big&gt;Let's go more in depth!&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

As it was mentioned in DMA method the processor is not involved during the whole transmission; but it only initiates the transmission and after that the data can be transferred directly from or to the main memory. But how do the CPU do that?&lt;br&gt;
To initiate a transmission the processor should load three different values into three different registers in the DMA controller. These values are:&lt;br&gt;
     1- identity of the source device&lt;br&gt;
     2- the location in memory where the data transfer begins&lt;br&gt;
     3- the number of bytes to be transferred&lt;br&gt;
The DMA controller then collaborates with the IO unit using the control lines on the bus to perform the handshaking protocol for managing the data transfer. When the transfer is complete, the DMA notifies the CPU via an interrupt. With the DMA, data does not pass through the CPU registers, but directly along the bus from source to destination.&lt;ref name=&quot;Computer Architecture&quot;&gt;DMA – Direct Memory Access[http://www.academic.marist.edu/~jzbv/architecture/CMSC%20415.htm]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====Direct Access Memory====
Direct memory access also known as DMA is a feature of modern computers. Within certain computers the hardware subsystems has its access system memory which is used for reading and/or writing independently of the central processing unit(CPU). Many systems use DMA, such example could include disk drive controllers, graphics cards, network cards, and sound cards. Computers that have DMA can transfer data from devices with less CPU overhead than computers without a DMA channel. 

Without the DMA the CPU would be fully occupied for the entire duration of the read and write operation and it would not be able to do any other work. The DMA can start transfer, operate programs, and receive and interrupt from the DMA controller. Which can be useful to real-time computing.

&lt;blockquote width=80%; style=&quot;background:#ef967e; border: 1px solid #999; border-right-width: 2px; padding: 0.2em&quot;&gt;
&lt;big&gt;Vote!&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
Can you please vote and tell us which definition for &quot;Direct Access Memory&quot; is more clear to you? You can respond in the discussion section.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Polling and Interrupts==

One of the duties of the processor in the computers is to manage the devices and programs and since there are many devices connected to the processor and also so many programs (those are running on the OS) the processor needs to be able to figure out what should it do in each moment. Two different ways of doing this are ''Polling'' and using ''Interrupts''.

===Polling===

'''Polling''' is a method in which the processor checks every single device's current status in a loop and looking for data. When new data is available on one of devices it can then read the data and process the incoming bytes.&lt;br&gt;
However this method can work to manage the devices and programs, there are some big problems with it. First, the processor would always be busy with checking all the devices and programs instead of processing data and executing some useful codes. Second, in this method it is very likely that some of arriving bytes are lost when the rate of transfer data is too high.&lt;ref name=&quot;SunSite&quot;&gt;Sunsite  [http://web.archive.org/web/19990429091637/http://sunsite.nus.sg/LDP/LDP/tlk/node86.html]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Interrupts===

An '''Interrupt''' is a signal from a device attached to the computer or a program that is sent to the OS (Operating System) and causes it to stop and figure out what to do next. Interrupts initiated by hardwares are called ''Hardware Interrupts'' while the interrupts that have been made by programs are called ''Software Interrupts'', ''traps'' or ''exceptions''. An average PC supports 16 hardware interrupts and 256 software interrupts. Each type of exception (Software Interrupt) is associated with a routine that takes control when an interrupt occurs. This routine is called ''Interrupt Handler''.&lt;br&gt;
An Actual interrupt that is sent to the processor is called an '''IRQ''' (Interrupt Request). Each IRQ is a binary code that differs from other interrupts and the processor uses these binary codes to distinct different interrupts. However these interrupts may be different for each device and processor but they usually follow a standard. The typical Hardware Interrupts have been shown in the table below&lt;ref name=&quot;Broadband&quot;&gt;BroadBand  [http://www.dslreports.com/faq/1585]&lt;/ref&gt;:


{| border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;70%&quot;
|-
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; |IRQ Number
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; |Binary code
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;20%&quot; |Typical Use
! bgcolor=&quot;#E0E0E0&quot; width=&quot;60%&quot; |Description
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 0
| 00000000
| System timer
| This interrupt is reserved for the internal system timer. It is never available to peripherals or other devices.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 1
| 00000001
| KeyBoard
| This interrupt is reserved for the keyboard controller. Even on devices without a keyboard, this interrupt is exclusively for keyboard input.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 2
| 00000010
| Cascade interrupt for IRQs 8-15
| This interrupt cascades the second interrupt controller to the first.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 3
| 00000011
| Second serial port (COM2)
| The interrupt for the second serial port and often the default interrupt for the fourth serial port (COM4).
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 4
| 00000100
| First serial port (COM1)
| This interrupt is normally used for the first serial port. On devices that do not use a PS/2 mouse, this interrupt is almost always used by the serial mouse. This is also the default interrupt for the third serial port (COM3).
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 5
| 00000101
| Sound card
| This interrupt is the first choice that most sound cards make when looking for an IRQ setting.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 6
| 00000101
| Floppy disk controller
| This interrupt is reserved for the floppy disk controller.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 7
| 00000110
| First parallel port
| This interrupt is normally reserved for the use of the printer. If a printer is not being used, this interrupt can be used for other devices that use parallel ports.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 8
| 00000111
| Real-time clock
| This interrupt is reserved for the system's real-time clock timer and can not be used for any other purpose.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 9
| 00001001
| Free
| This interrupt is typically left open on devices for the use of peripherals.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 10
| 00001010
| Free
| This interrupt is typically left open on devices for the use of peripherals.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 11
| 00001011
| Free
| This interrupt is typically left open on devices for the use of peripherals.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 12
| 00001100
| PS/2 mouse
| This interrupt is reserved for the PS/2 mouse on machines that use one. If a PS/2 mouse is not used, the interrupt can be used for other peripherals, such as network card.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 13
| 00001101
| Floating point unit/coprocessor
| This interrupt is reserved for the integrated floating point unit. It is never available to peripherals or other devices as it is used exclusively for internal signaling.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 14
| 00001110
| Primary IDE channel
| This interrupt is reserved for use by the primary IDE controller. On systems that do not use IDE devices, the IRQ can be used for another purpose.
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! bgcolor=&quot;#F0F0F0&quot; |IRQ 15
| 00001111
| Secondary IDE channel
| This interrupt is reserved for use by the secondary IDE controller.
|-
|}
&lt;br&gt;

When one of the Input or Output devices sends an interrupt to the CPU, before the processor catches it, that IRQ goes through a chip called '''PIC''' (Programmable Interrupt Controller). The PIC selects an IRQ from the highest priority device to pass to the CPU and if the processor is ready to accept that IRQ, the PIC sends it to the CPU. The processor has a flag that illustrates whether or not it is ready to accept IRQs. If the CPU catches the request (because as it was mentioned it can also ignore a request) it temporary stops what it is currently doing and executes the proper code related to that request. When the ISR is completed, the CPU returns to the program it was executing and resumes its previous task.&lt;ref name=&quot;Interrupts&quot;&gt;Interrupt Control[http://www.xgc.com/manuals/m1750-ada/m1750/x1076.html]&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Image:IRQ.jpg|550px|center|Interrupt Requests]]

&lt;blockquote width=80%; style=&quot;background:#f4f4ff; border: 1px solid #999; border-right-width: 2px; padding: 0.2em&quot;&gt;
'''How to find out your PC IRQs?'''&lt;br&gt;
''Windows''&lt;br&gt;
In order to find the IRQs of your devices in windows, open the device manager (you can either right click on MyComputer -Or Computer
in Windows Vista- and then click on properties. Then Click on the Device manager. Or simply search for device  manager in your 
computer). Right click on any device and in the form that is opened go to the Resources tab and look at the binary code in fromt of
IRQ.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''Linux''&lt;br&gt;
For most distributions this will work:&lt;br&gt;
   # dmesg | grep irq
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

{| align=center cellspacing=10 class=PrettyTextBox style=&quot;background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); -moz-border-radius: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;&quot;
| '''Comparison between polling and interrupt systems'''
|-
| As it was mentioned, in the polling systems the processor should check the status of all of the devices (and programs those are running on the OS) in a loop to see what should it do next; while in a system which uses interrupts, the processor does not need to keep checking all of the devices and programs, but every device sends a signal to the processor whenever it needs. Obviously in the first method the CPU is always busy with checking the devices and therefore it has less power to execute useful codes and process data. another disadvantage with this method is that a device or program which wants to interact with processor should wait until the processor finishes the loop and turn to that specific device or program. while in interrupt systems, the client sends a signal (i.e. a byte) and informs the processor. as the result the speed of communication between clients and the processor will speed up in the systems those are using interrupts.
|-
|}

===Serial and Parallel Transmission===
Data are transmitted through a communications medium, they are either sent in serial or in parallel transmission. Most of the owners of microcomputers know that their computers are equipped with serial and parallel ports. In which it will enable the computer to transmit both serial and parallel signals. 

In both of the series, the bytes that are sent are sent along a medium. For example if it would send “SYAMIL”, it would sent the “S” first, then “Y” then “A” and so on this goes for serial. As for parallel transmission, they are sent separately, the parallel paths correspond to each bit of a byte so that all of the bits would arrive simultaneously. 

Since parallel is more efficient then serial, it would need more wiring and extra bit paths, besides that it is more expensive than serial. Devices that are located near each other usually will use a serial transmission. For example, a parallel transmission computer would send a word document to a printer that it is connected to. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Serial and Parallel Transmission.&quot; &lt;http://www.blurtit.com/q511025.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Parallel and Serial Transmission.gif]]

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}</text>
      <sha1>h7198g4r3ruyuy8zw4u1nj8nw7hlpcf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>IB Computer Science/Science Systems Life Cycle and Software Development/Systems Life Cycle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>154708</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448980</id>
      <parentid>4107489</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:43:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448980</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5929" sha1="naizemiygjya617rp79iwpt9y5y2kgi" xml:space="preserve">==Systems Life Cycle==

===System Life Cycle Stages===

The systems life cycle can be broken down into five stages: Analysis, Design, Implementation, Operation, and Maintenance. 

#'''Analysis''' - The system analyst meets with the users to determine exactly what the user wants, and undertake feasibility studies (whether it is possible for the designers to meet the user's expectations).  
#'''Design''' - In this stage, the programmers design a solution to the user's problem. This can be the most time-consuming part of the cycle, since there are many choices that need to be made. A decision must be made on the types of software, hardware and on the algorithms that are going to be used.    
#'''Implementation''' - The construction (development) of the system; the system is developed based on the design laid out in the previous stage.
#'''Operation''' - Also known as installation, or system launch. The system can be installed as a direct changeover, as a phased introduction, or as a parallel running.
#'''Maintenance''' - Bugs and/or flaws might arise with time, thus, the system will need to be fixed and updated. However, fixing one bug may lead to another bug being created.

===Importance Of Collecting Data===
Gathering data is essential in the analysis stage because you can gain clear insight into the problem. If the problem cannot be identified correctly, a poor solution is guaranteed to follow.

===Methods Of Data Collection===

{| border=&quot;1&quot;
|+ 
! Method !! Advantages !! Disadvantages
|-
! Interview 
| Detailed data, can change questions during process (not like questionnaire)
| Time-consuming, problems classifying/quantifying data
|-
! Questionnaire
| Can reach a lot of people, quickly (compared to interview/observation). Numerical analysis possible.
| Questions may be mis-interpreted. People may not respond at all or may do only some questions.
|-
! Document Search
| The data required for the system can be identified accurately.
| Documents may be lacking, out-of-date etc (interview could discover this).
|-
! Literature Search
| Can find descriptions/problems of previous implementations (saves work).
| Problem may not be described (or in detail). Again, working without experienced users.
|-
! Observation
| Observations are independent of user bias (unlike interview/questionnaire).
| Time consuming and observer can affect process: Hawthorne Effect.
|}

===Production of Requirement Specification===
A requirement specification contains what the system will be able to do and how it will be done. This should include:
*The costs of building, testing and running the system (including both hardware and software)
*Estimated time till completion
*List of hardware and software tools needed
*Description of hardware and software functions
*Performance of the system
*List of personnel and allocated tasks

===Feasibility Report===
A feasibility report can be produced during the analysis, design stage, or both. It should include:
*Cost
*Expected benefits
*Time period
*Potential difficulties

===Alternative Solutions===
There are a number of different ways a problem can be solved, with or without using a computer. One consideration you must take into account is the input and output of the solutions. The software itself could be one of three types:
*'''General Application Software''' - This is the least expensive solution but may not include all the features that the user requires. A typical example would be an office package.
*'''Specific Applications Packages''' - These are typically more expensive than general application software and provide a greater number of features. These programs tend to have been written specifically for business.
*'''Tailor Made Software''' - This is the most expensive option but can be customized to do exactly what the customer requires as it is written from scratch.

===Methods Of Testing Systems===
Systems usually go through several stages of testing. Alpha testing is the first stage in which asmall group of qualified individuals examine an early version of the program. Beta testing is when the program is fully featured an released to a wider audience for testing. 

Test data is also used to make sure the program outputs the expected data. We can test the program with:
*'''Normal Data''' - Data that is expected to be entered into the program. Including data at the limits of what is expected. 
*'''Extreme Data''' - This will be outside the normal limits of the program, simulating what happens if a user enters incorrect data by mistake.
*'''Abnormal Data''' - Data that is not expected, for example a string instead of an integer value.

===Methods Of Implementing New Systems===
A new system can be implemented in one of the following three ways:
*'''Parallel Running''' - This is when both new and old systems are run together. This confirms that they both produce the same outputs and if any faults occur they can be fixed with no up-time lost. Staff can be trained without fear of losing data, yet there may be twice as much work to do.
*'''Phased Introduction''' - Parts of the system are implemented at different times, each part is then tested and confirmed, this means it will take much longer to implement.
*'''Direct Changeover''' - Also known as a ''Big Bang'', the old system is immediately replaced by the new one. Users need to be trained before the new system is implemented and there is a risk that it will not work correctly.

===Importance Of Maintaining Systems===
Proper maintenance of a system is essential; clear documentation to begin with helps this progress as programmers will not need to work hard to understand design decision if they are explained in documentation. This reduces the cost of maintenance. Periodic reviews and performance reviews use the same data collection techniques as seen in the analysis sections and indicate whether further improvements or modifications are needed.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>naizemiygjya617rp79iwpt9y5y2kgi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Issues in Digital Technology in Education/Computers in the Early Childhood Classroom</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>159025</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4449001</id>
      <parentid>3843731</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:26:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>regex typo fixing (via JWB)</comment>
      <origin>4449001</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12374" sha1="anaeabprnbgwihrhnke9921wwnim1jq" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|The formatting needs to be fixed}}
==The Integration of Computers in the Early Childhood Classroom==

Early childhood is a time of significant discovery and development in all realms of life. Beginning with their cognitive worlds, and stretching as far as their physical and emotional worlds, children are growing and advancing at an exponential rate. At this age, children begin to increase their communication skills and acquire language rapidly. All of this emergent knowledge is gained through their senses during the exploration of their environment. This is readily evident as “children ... are gaining control of their bodies and making things happen in a fascinating world of possibilities”&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot;&gt;Haugland, S. W. (1999). What role should technology play in young children's learning? Young Children, 55(1), pp. 26 – 31.&lt;/ref&gt;. The design of their learning environments greatly impacts their education. Although development occurs at a different pace for each individual child, the sooner they are exposed to a stimulating learning environment and given the necessary tools to learn, the more successful they will become.

Early Childhood Programs serve as facilitating environments for early learning through many avenues. In addition to the introduction and development of literacy and numeracy skills and a strong emphasis on the molding and honing of fine and gross motor skills, interaction and socialization are also key components to a successful Early Childhood Program. With so much going on in the Early Childhood Classroom, it makes one wonder where computers and computer games fit into this mix.

Over the past few decades we have seen an immense shift in the use of technology, computers in particular. Computers and computer games are ever evolving and simultaneously changing the world we live in. In our current fast-paced culture, computers have inevitably crossed the threshold of business and entered even the classrooms of the youngest children. Our educational landscape has thus become a digital one and children are exposed to computers at an earlier age than ever before. With this tremendous shift, how can computers and computer games be effectively integrated into the classroom? What can educators do to ensure that computers and computer games exert a positive impact and influence on the acquisition of fundamental skills in early education? Which games are best designed to assist children in their learning? Or, on the flipside, should computers be avoided altogether?

Some researchers have argued against the use of computers and computer games for young children claiming that “computers simply do not match their learning style” since children “learn through their bodies: their eyes, ears, mouths, hands, and legs”&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot; /&gt;. Although, there is truth in this statement, it is important “to realize that using computers with young children is a process of exploration and discovery”&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot; /&gt;. Computers should not be relied upon as the sole means of learning for children; they are not meant to replace experiential and hands-on learning. It is crucial for parents and educators alike to implement a balanced use of computers in the lives of young children. Computers and computer games should therefore be used in combination with traditional learning and exploration of the child’s natural and surrounding environment, and they should equally enhance and support their early learning.

In a 1992 study, Haugland uncovered that “three and four-year-old children who use computers with supporting activities that reinforce the major objectives of the programs have significantly greater developmental gains when compared to children without computer experiences in similar classrooms – gains in intelligence...non-verbal skills, structural knowledge, long-term memory, manual dexterity, verbal skills, problem solving, abstraction, and conceptual skills”&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot; /&gt;.

Despite the opinions of the critics, “there is an increasing consensus that computer games should be taken seriously as both learning and assessment tools” (Puttnam, 2006). Children thrive when they are actively engaged in fun and meaningful activities.
This is why play occupies a central role in the early learning environment. “Creative play supports the foundation of later lateral thinking and a creative approach to scientific and cultural concepts”&lt;ref name=&quot;Long-Breipohl&quot;&gt;Long-Breipohl, R. (2004). Computers in early childhood education. A jump start for the future. byronchild/Kindred, 9.&lt;/ref&gt;. Learning through play occurs with exposure to activities in the real and natural world. This in turn promotes intellectual development and early mathematical skills.

Similarly, when children play computer games they are provided with genuine experiences for learning. Computers possess the power to “encourage debate, adaptation, analysis, and celebration. Their increasing presence in homes, classrooms, and public cultural institutions is testament to how they have become enmeshed in the fabric of the nation’s cultural identity”&lt;ref name=&quot;Heppell&quot;&gt;Ellis, H., Heppell, S., Kirriemuir, J., Krotoski, A. &amp; McFarlane, A. (2006). Unlimited learning. Computer and video games in the learning landscape. Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association.&lt;/ref&gt;. Most early childhood educators would agree that “children three and four years of age are developmentally ready to explore computers and they see the computer center as a valuable activity center for learning”&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot; /&gt;.

According to Papert, “it is not easy to implement a totally new tool for learning. For computers to be used successfully, teachers must be open to learning” (Papert as cited by Haugland, 1999&lt;ref name=&quot;Haugland&quot; /&gt;). What then, is the teacher’s role in the implementation and introduction of computers and computer games in early childhood? Teachers play an integral role in provoking interest and increasing student’s computer-based knowledge. This may be new ground for some educators who feel as though they are being forced to rethink or alter their longstanding pedagogies. Nonetheless, teachers are required to reinforce the constructive use of computers and computer games in the early childhood setting. Educators should model and instruct the appropriate use of computers and games, they should monitor a child’s progress, and finally, they should assist students in extracting the most from each game to ensure that there has been a gain in their knowledge and skill. Computer games should not substitute the ability to think critically. It is vital to teach our students critical thinking skills and use the computer for what it essentially is, a tool.

That being said, computer games serve a multitude of purposes in early learning, and are effective in the sense that they are able to “cut across traditional subject boundaries as a practical and useful tool”&lt;ref name=&quot;Davis&quot;&gt;Davis, B., &amp; Shade, D.(1994). Integrate, don't isolate! Computers in the early childhood curriculum. ERIC Digest 376991. www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/integrate.computers.html&lt;/ref&gt;. Computer games should not serve as a stand-in for traditional learning or experiences in the real world. Computer games in the early childhood classroom need to extend across and integrate various skills such as language, mathematics, and science. “Only when computers are integrated into the curriculum as a vital element for instruction and are applied to real problems for a real purpose, will children gain the most valuable computer skill – the ability to use computers as natural tools for learning”&lt;ref name=&quot;Davis&quot; /&gt;.

“Our students will learn from video games”&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaffer&quot;&gt;Shaffer, D., Squire, K., Halverson, R., &amp; Gee, J. (2004). Video games and the future of learning. University of Wisconsin-Madison and Academic Advanced Distributed Learning Co-Laboratory. http://www.academiccolab.org/resources/gappspaper1.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;. In order for computer games to be effective, they need to be interactive and engaging. They should be “personally meaningful, experiential, age-appropriate, social, and epistemological all at the same time”&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaffer&quot; /&gt;.
Many early childhood computer games use popular-culture icons to prompt interest in their games. This is useful for children, as they are able to connect to the characters and learn through the narrative of the game being played. Computer games for early learners should take into account the variety of learning styles and preferences that exist. Additionally, they should make the players feel like “active agents”&lt;ref name=&quot;Gee&quot;&gt;Gee, J. (2005). Learning by design: good video games as learning machines. Learning, 2 (1), 5-16. http://www.wwwords.co.uk/pdf/viewpdf.asp?j=elea&amp;vol=2&amp;issue=1&amp;year=2005&amp;article=2_Gee_ELEA_2_1_web&amp;id=68.67.239.126&lt;/ref&gt;. Being an active agent means that the child would have control in their learning and in the outcome of events in the games being played.

Computer games are most valuable when they allow children to practice and apply the principles they have already learned in a new and meaningful context. This is readily evident as “they require engagement with complex decisions – exploring the effects of different choices and a multiplicity of variables” (Heppell, 2006).

It is essential that the games being used in the early childhood setting are developmentally appropriate.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bredekamp&quot;&gt;Bredekamp, S., &amp; Copple, C. (Eds). (1997). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood programs. (Revised Edition). Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children.&lt;/ref&gt; Computer games such as Reader Rabbit&lt;ref group=&quot;software&quot;&gt;Reader Rabbit, The Learning Company, http://www.learningcompany.com/&lt;/ref&gt; and A to Zap&lt;ref group=&quot;software&quot;&gt;A to Zap. Sunburst Technology, http://store.sunburst.com/&lt;/ref&gt; rely on the user’s literacy skills to advance from one level to the next, while mathematical programs like Monster Numbers&lt;ref group=&quot;software&quot;&gt;Monster Numbers, Kaboose, http://funschool.kaboose.com/&lt;/ref&gt; take the user on a numerical journey across themes and concepts covered in the curriculum. Computer games possess the potential to attract even the most reluctant learner since they allow students to take risks while having fun and playing. “Computer games also offer safe situations in which to explore solutions to unique problems”&lt;ref name=&quot;Heppell&quot; /&gt;. The feedback and results while playing these games are instant and provide the child with a certain amount of control. Children thrive at games when they can master a challenge by problem solving and then advance to progressively harder skills while having fun. This creates profoundly useful methods and strategies for the internalization of fundamental skills; “video games....create new social and cultural worlds; worlds that help people learn by integrating thinking, social interaction, and technology, all in service of doing things they care about”&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaffer&quot; /&gt;.

In summary, education is being transformed. Computers have revolutionized the way that adults and children learn. “Education and games are literally starting to speak the same language”&lt;ref name=&quot;Heppell&quot; /&gt;. Computers have made their way into the early childhood classroom and are here to stay. As such, it is vital that children are playing developmentally appropriate games and that these games are being used to support and enhance their regular development. Computer games present more powerful ways to learn in the information and technology age, hence “the next challenge for game and school designers alike is to understand how to shape learning in terms of games, and how to integrate games and game-based learning environments into the predominant arena for learning: school”&lt;ref name=&quot;Shaffer&quot; /&gt;. Ultimately, computer games in early childhood serve the purpose of offering a fun new way to learn. It is the responsibility of the educator in the early childhood classroom to ensure that computer games are being used as tools to contextualize and augment fundamental skills and to supplement and initiate new ways of thinking.

==References==
&lt;references /&gt;

==Software==
&lt;references group=&quot;software&quot; /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Optimizing C++/General optimization techniques/Sorting</title>
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      <text bytes="5968" sha1="m94jlawqgqd7akj49od6waddpzkyy5c" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Optimizing C++}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

The C++ Standard Template Library (STL) provides the template function &lt;code&gt;sort&lt;/code&gt; that implements a [[:w:Comparison sort|comparison sort]] algorithm. Because &lt;code&gt;sort&lt;/code&gt; is templatized, it can be used for various types of sequences holding any type of key, as long as the keys are comparable (implement the &lt; operator). A good compiler can generate code optimized for the various kinds of sequence/key combinations.

The reference implementation of the STL uses the [[:w:Introsort|introsort]] algorithm (since the 2000 release; the GNU C++ library uses the reference implementation). This algorithm is a very fast combination of [[:w:Quicksort|quicksort]] and [[:w:Heapsort|heapsort]] with a specially designed selection algorithm.

The &lt;code&gt;sort&lt;/code&gt; template function is not guaranteed to be [[:w:Stable sort|stable]]. When a stable sort is required, use the &lt;code&gt;stable_sort&lt;/code&gt; template function instead.

This section suggests alternatives to the &lt;code&gt;sort&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;stable_sort&lt;/code&gt; template functions that may be faster in specific cases.

== Sorting with small ranges of keys ==

'''To sort a data set according an integer key having a small range, use the [[Algorithm implementation/Sorting/Counting sort#C++|''counting sort'']] algorithm.'''

The ''counting sort'' algorithm has O(N+M) complexity, where N is the number of elements to sort and M is the range of the sort keys, that is the difference between the highest key and the lowest key.
In case N elements are to be sorted whose key is an integer number belonging to an interval containing no more than two times N values (i.e when &lt;code&gt;M &lt;= 2 * N&lt;/code&gt; holds), this algorithm may be quite faster than &lt;code&gt;sort&lt;/code&gt;.
In some cases it is faster even with larger ranges.

This algorithm may be used also for a partial ordering; for example, if the keys are integers between zero and one billion, you can still sort them using only the most significant byte, so to get an order for which the formula &lt;math&gt;a_n &lt; a_{n + 1} + 256*256*256 &lt;/math&gt; holds.

=== Example: sorting 8-bit integers ===
Say you want to sort an array of arbitrary &lt;code&gt;unsigned char&lt;/code&gt; elements. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;climits&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; defines constant limits for integer and char types for a specific implementation. CHAR_BIT is the number of bits in a &lt;code&gt;char&lt;/code&gt; object. ISO C++ requires CHAR_BIT to be 8 or greater. An &lt;code&gt;unsigned char&lt;/code&gt; may have a value in the range between 0 and UCHAR_MAX. ISO C++ requires UCHAR_MAX to be 255 (2^8-1) or greater.

Note: &lt;code&gt;unsigned char&lt;/code&gt; must be used because &lt;code&gt;char&lt;/code&gt; can be signed or unsigned depending on the implementation.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;cpp&quot;&gt;
#include &lt;climits&gt;

void count_sort(unsigned char *a, unsigned char *const end)
{
	unsigned char freq[UCHAR_MAX+1] = {0};
	unsigned char *p, c;
	
	for (p = a; p &lt; end; ++p) {
		freq[*p] += 1;
	}
	for (c = 0, p = a; c &lt; UCHAR_MAX; ++c) {
		while (freq[c]-- &gt; 0) {
			*p++ = c;
		}
	}
	while (freq[c]-- &gt; 0) {
		*p++ = c;
	}
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The &lt;code&gt;counting_sort&lt;/code&gt; function implements the [[:w:Pigeonhole sort|pigeonhole sort]] algorithm. It takes a pointer to the first element of the input array and a pointer that points ''one element beyond'' the end of the array. Why? Because we don't have to stop here.

We can generalize &lt;code&gt;counting_sort&lt;/code&gt; to a template function that also works for &lt;code&gt;string&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;vector&lt;unsigned char&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and other sequence types, without loss of efficiency. When doing so, we need to work with iterators rather than pointers.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;cpp&quot;&gt;
#include &lt;iterator&gt;
#include &lt;limits&gt;

template &lt;typename iterator&gt;
void counting_sort(iterator const &amp;begin, iterator const &amp;end)
{
	typedef std::iterator_traits&lt;iterator&gt;::value_type T;
	T max = std::numeric_limits&lt;T&gt;::max();
	T freq[max+1] = {0};
	iterator it;
	T c;

	for (it = begin; it &lt; end; ++it) {
		freq[*it] += 1;
	}
	for (c = 0, it = begin; c &lt; max; ++c)
		while (freq[c]-- &gt; 0) {
			*it++ = c;
		}
	}
	while (freq[c]-- &gt; 0) {
		*it++ = c;
	}
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Partial sorting ==

=== Partitioning ===

'''If you have to split a sequence according a criterion, use a partitioning algorithm, instead of a sorting one.'''

In STL there is the &lt;code&gt;std::partition&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, that is faster than the &lt;code&gt;std::sort&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, as it has O(N) complexity, instead of O(N log(N)).

=== Stable partitioning and sorting ===

'''If you have to partition or sort a sequence for which equivalent entities may be swapped, don't use a stable algorithm.'''

In STL there is the &lt;code&gt;std::stable_partition&lt;/code&gt; partitioning algorithm, that is slightly slower than the &lt;code&gt;std::partition&lt;/code&gt; algorithm; and there is the &lt;code&gt;std::stable_sort&lt;/code&gt; sorting algorithm, that is slightly slower than the &lt;code&gt;std::sort&lt;/code&gt; algorithm.

=== Order partitioning ===

'''If you have to pick out the first N elements from a sequence, or the N&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; element in a sequence, use an order partitioning algorithm, instead of a sorting one.'''

In STL there is the &lt;code&gt;std::nth_element&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, that, although slightly slower than the &lt;code&gt;std::stable_partition&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, is quite much faster than the &lt;code&gt;std::sort&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, as it has O(N) complexity, instead of O(N log(N)).

=== Sorting only the first N elements ===

'''If you have to sort the first N elements of a much longer sequence, use an order statistic algorithm, instead of a sorting one.'''

In STL there are the &lt;code&gt;std::partial_sort&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;std::partial_sort_copy&lt;/code&gt; algorithms, that, although slower than the &lt;code&gt;std::nth_element&lt;/code&gt; algorithm, are so much faster than the &lt;code&gt;std::sort&lt;/code&gt; algorithm as the partial sequence to sort is shorter than the whole sequence.

[[it:Ottimizzare C++/Tecniche generali di ottimizzazione/Ordinamento]]</text>
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    <title>Permaculture Design/How to/Planting Calendars/Dunedin New Zealand</title>
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      <text bytes="2110" sha1="m97lr9n6goq13zhmvium6i6mv9tv99q" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup|Needs stylistic cleanup.}}
Planting Plan for the Dunedin Coastal Area:

= January =

Brassicas ~ Broccoli, Cauliflower, Kale, Cabbage, Kohl rabi ~ last planting of seeds. All salad types. Winter Japanese radish, European radish endive &amp; Raddichio. Carrots for a July harvest

= February =

Chinese cabbage, tall pak tsoi, daikon radish, mescalun, Chinese mustard, last planting of fennel &amp; rocket.

Spinach, Turnip, Onion for winter standing. Winter lettuce ~ cos, Webbs wonderful ,Imperial (for under cloches later)

= March =

Parsley. Last silverbeet. Plant green manure crops.

Mescalun, rocket winter radish, turnips, raddichio, lettuce, carrots

= Late April =

Sow “greenfeast” peas in well drained soil

Broad beans – long pods best

= May =

Broad beans

= June =

Sprout seed potatoes inside. Later garlic, shallots, jerusalem artichokes.

= July =

Mustard &amp; cress, mescalun (small warm spot or under cloche on windowsill) plant lettuce, parsley, silverbeet seeds in trays indoors. Garlic &amp; shallots late July.

= August =

Cabbage, broccoli, peas, broad beans. Early potatoes under mulch. More lettuce. Small early planting of zucchini.

Small sowing outside of carrots, radish, early turnips, mescalun, corn salad, silverbeet, spinach. Other outside sowings of onions, leeks, parsnips, celery

Garlic &amp; shallots still OK.

= September =

Peas, broad beans, spinach, silver beet, carrots, radish. turnip, potatoes, broccoli, cauli, fennel.

Spring onions, lettuce, zucchini, brussel sprouts, celery cucumber.

= Late September =

Beetroot, French beans, scarlet runner beans, kohl rabi, salsify

= October =

Last chance for parsnips.

Sweet corn, celery, coriander, all salad types, turnips, carrots, broccoli, cauli, potatoes, parsley, yams, late spuds. Autumn sowings for brussel sprouts, silver beet, swede &amp; fennel.

= November =

All salad types, late sweet corn, carrots etc.

Broccoli, cabbage, cauli, kale, NZ spinach, leek seedlings outside.

= December =

Peas. All salad types. Carrots, broccoli, cabbage, cauli, kale,

French beans, turnips. Parsley &amp; spinach. Kohlrabi</text>
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    <title>Work and Life in the Mobile Society/Technology/Standards</title>
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      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
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      <text bytes="6070" sha1="i298zxf7m4m162cepizm8mhan9dgmna" xml:space="preserve">{{hiddenh3|What are the standards for mobile technology?}}

When Motorola and Bell operated the first commercial mobile telephone service MTS in the US in 1946, nobody had expected that the mobile technology would boom so rapidly during the past 60 years. Nowadays, people would rather carry one simple fancy device during travel, such as iPhone, for talking, web surfing, business meeting, and mobile working than carrying a laptop, a PDA, a phone, and a pager.

What happened in the mobile society? The key technology improvement is the communication standard. Mobile technology has experienced five generations since it was first introduced. The overall trend of the technical standard is to make it faster, have more bandwidth, and to be more unified. 

==Historical Development==
'''Pre cellular system''' is the predecessor to the first generation of cellular telephones, hence it is sometimes referred to as 0G. Technologies used in pre cellular systems included the Push to Talk (PTT or manual), Mobile Telephone System (MTS), Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), and Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS) systems.

'''First generation''' system was first introduced in US during 1980’s. It was implemented through analog signal and was considered as luxury goods for seldom people at that time.  The standards of 1G includes NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), TACS (Total Access Communications System), C-450, Radiocom 2000, and RTMI. Theses standards were launched and used by different countries in Europe and North American. In Asia, the most advanced standards were launched in Japan, such as TZ-801, TZ-802, TZ-803, and JTACS standard.

'''Second generation''' standard was first commercially launched on GSM by Radiolinja in Finland in 1991. It was the first digitally encrypted standard, and was significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far greater mobile phone penetration levels. Furthermore, 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages. 2G technologies can be divided into TDMA-based and CDMA-based standards depending on the type of multiplexing used. The main TDMA-based 2G standards include GSM, mainly in Europe; PDC, exclusively in Japan; and iDEN, proprietary network used in North American. The CDMA-based standard IS-95, used in the Americas and parts of Asia. 

'''Second and half generation''' mobile system is a standard between 2G and 3G mobile technology. It improves from circuit switched domain to packet switched domain. It is not necessarily faster than 2G because bundling of timeslots is used for circuit switched data services (HSCSD) as well. The 2G standard includes GPRS,  HSCSD, and WiDEN.

'''2.75 generation''' mobile technology, usually known as Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), or IMT Single Carrier (IMT-SC), is an extension of GSM standard. It allows improved data transmission rates by switching to more sophisticated methods of coding, within existing GSM timeslots. It is very close to the 3G technology. 

'''Third generation''' technology has been discussed for many years. It is first introduced by ITU (International Telecommunication Union) in 1985 and was first launched in 2001. 3G standard enable wider range of more advanced services with greater network capacity through improved spectral efficiency. Services include wide-area wireless voice telephony, audio and video signals all in a mobile environment. The data transmission rate in 3G is up to 14.4Mbit/s on the downlink and 5.8Mbit/s on the uplink. The most accepted standards of 3G are W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA. 

'''Three and half generation''' refers to the mobile standard of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). It provides variable spreading factor and fast power control. Instead, it delivers the improved downlink performance using adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), fast packet scheduling at the base station, and fast retransmissions from the base station, known as hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ).

'''3.75 generation''' extended the mobile technology from 3.5G by improving the High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). It allows up-link speeds up to 5.76Mbps. HSUPA uses a packet scheduler, but operates on a request-grant principle where the users request a permission to send data and the scheduler decides when and how many users will be allowed to do so. However, HSUPA also allows a self-initiated transmission mode from the users, denoted non-scheduled mode. The non-scheduled mode can, for example, be used for VoIP services which can provides the very short delay time and constant bandwidth requirement.

The '''fourth generation''' mobile technology is supposed to provide such a comprehensive solution with higher data rates than any of the previous generations. Although there is no formal definition for 4G yet, the objectives of 4G is quite clear. It includes a fully IP-based integrated system, so that it can support up to 100Mbps and 1Gbps speeds as ADLS network, for both indoors and outdoors, stable and highly mobile environment. Many companies have launched their pre-4G standards such as WiMAX, Flash-OFDM, 3GPP Long Term Evolution, UMB, and IEEE 802.20. 

== References ==
* Prathima Agrawal and Cormac J. Sreenan, “Get Wireless: A Mobile Technology Spectrum”, IEEE   IT Pro, July 1999
* Yu Cheng; Hai Jiang; Weihua Zhuang; Zhisheng Niu; Chuang Lin, “Efficient resource allocation for China's 3G/4G wireless networks”, IEEE Communiations Magazine, Vol. 43,  no. 1, Page(s):76 – 83, Jan. 2005 
* https://styx.uwaterloo.ca/~jscouria/GSM/gsmreport.html, accessed on Oct 30, 2008
* Lyn Maddock, C. Chean, “Telecommunications Technical Standard”, available online [http://www.fedlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/LegislativeInstrument1.nsf/0/365C6D0D2D53F545CA2570EE001599EF/$file/Telecom+AS+ACIF+S042+3+2005.pdf], accessed on Oct 30, 2008
* Alberto Leon-Garcia, “Communication Networks: Fundamental Concepts and Key Architectures”, McGraw-Hill, 2004

{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>Structural Biochemistry/Lipids/Fluid Mosaic Model</title>
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      <text bytes="7550" sha1="0uth1laec5iyejuj39eflzf1n73ovos" xml:space="preserve">== Fluid Mosaic Model ==
The fluid mosaic model is used to describe the interactions of lipids and proteins in biological membranes.  This model essentially proclaims the concept of lateral diffusion, stating that proteins can freely move about within a membrane and that such membranes are considered to effectively be two-dimensional.  The fluid mosaic model of biological membranes are always fluctuating and adjusting.
In 1972, the fluid mosaic model was introduced by S. Jonathan Singer and Garth Nicholson.&lt;ref name=&quot;References-Lehninger&quot;&gt;Nelson, David L, Michael M. Cox. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry ''Fourth Edition''. New York: W.H. Freeman, and Company 2005.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fluid mosaic model of membranes states that membrane components are free to diffuse in the plane of the membrane. Some of the membrane proteins are restricted to specific regions of the membrane by interactions with cytoskeletal proteins. Also, although many phospholipids and membrane proteins can move laterally within a leaflet, they do not flip-flop from one leaflet of the bilayer to the other. Flip-flop of the phospholipids is very rare. The inner and the outer leaflets of the membrane may be made up of different phospholipids. Membrane fluidity refers to the movement of membrane phospholipids within the plane of the membrane. A decrease in fluidity is associated with decreased transport rates. The length of the fatty acid side chains also affects fluidity. The phospholipids with long hydrocarbon chains have increased hydrophobic interactions with neighboring lipids and thus decreased membrane fluidity. [Microbiology]

Some organisms can alter membrane fluidity in response to temperature stress by changing the length and degree of saturation of fatty acids present in membrane phospholipids. Cholesterol also influence membrane fluidity. The effects of cholesterol on membrane fluidity are complicated and depend on factors such as the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane. The cholesterol also prevents packing of saturated fatty acids, thus increasing fluidity. 

Proposed by S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicholson in 1972, the fluid mosaic model provides a reasonable structure and image of the biological membranes in general. One of the most important features of this model is the idea that the phospholipid bilayer is fluid. The phospholipid molecule are free to move laterally. Relative to the lateral movement of the phospholipid molecules, there is very little exchange between the two halves of the bilayer. This minimal exchange, or flip flop action, allows asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. This asymmetry is an important feature of membranes. Membrane surfaces exhibit asymmetry. In other words, they have different characteristics on the two sides. These structural differences support the functional differences of the inner and outer sides of the membrane. For example, one of the most important functions of the outer surface of the membrane lies in its interaction and communication with other cells. This is often achieved by sugar molecules almost exclusively found on the outer surface that acts as distinguishing markers for the cell. The interior, on the other hand, serves different functions, and therefore has a different composition. In this model, the membrane is a mosaic of proteins embedded in a fluid phospholipid bilayer. The hydrophilic portions of the phospholipid and proteins are maximally exposed to aqueous interface. This feature ensures membrane stability. The fluidity of the molecule is affected by several factors. These include the type of lipid found in the membrane and the degree of unsaturation in the [[Structural Biochemistry/Lipids/Fatty Acids|fatty acid]] chains of [[Structural Biochemistry/Lipids/Membrane Lipids|membrane lipids]]. The presence of a ''cis'' double bond introduces a kink into the fatty acid chain, which affects the packing of the phospholipid bilayer. The kink prevents the phospholipid molecules from being packed together too tightly, and thus contributes to the [[Structural Biochemistry/Lipids/Membrane Fluidity|membrane fluidity]]. It is important to understand that in this model, both the membrane lipids and the embedded proteins are free to move. They may be mobile or fluid.

==Proof of Fluidity==
The fluid mosaic model obviously states that the lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell is fluid, flexible and always moving. In order to prove that an iconic experiment was done by taking a cell and saturating the lipid bilayer with fluorescence. After the cell was completed saturated with a green fluorescense, the cell was bleached in a single spot in the cell membrane. This created a very white spot among the green fluorescence coated cell membrane. After a short while, the bleach spot began to diminish in color and before you knew it, the area seem to be recoated with green fluorescence. The phenomenon behind this was the aspect of the cell membrane diffusing the bleached hydrophilic heads amongst the rest of the cell membrane. This diffusion allowed for the white bleach to diminish in color by being substituted by green fluorescenced hydrophilic heads. There was found to be two types of diffusion in the cell membrane, lateral diffusion and transverse diffusion. Lateral diffusion is the switching of positions in a side by side manner without any sort of flipping. This is the fastest mode of diffusion found in the cell. the second diffusion method transverse diffusion, is the flipping of the phospholipid heads to either side of the cell membrane. This method of diffusion however is less likely and happens significantly slower than lateral diffusion. 

[[Image:Fluid mosaic model.jpg]]

== History &amp; Development ==

Singer's studies of membranes started in the 1950s when scientists noticed that many water-soluble proteins (like those in cells) were also able to dissolve in nonpolar, nonaqueous solvents and that proteins adopted different shapes in hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic environments. Many proteins are found in environments also high in lipid content, and this prompted Singer to look into the relationship between proteins and lipid membranes.

Before Singer and Nicolson's fluid mosaic model of membranes, a triple-layered membrane model was proposed, the Davson-Danielli-Roberston (DDR) model. This model proposed a triple-layered membrane, with a lipid layer between two flat protein layers. However, when studied with respect to energetics of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions, this model is not feasible. Due to hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between amino acid residues of a protein, Singer therefore proposed that membrane proteins would assume folded conformations, not remain in a flat layer like the DDR model proposed. Also in contrast to the DDR model, Singer also proposed that logically and for maximum stability membrane proteins would not be separated from the lipid bilayer but rather incorporated as part of the membrane. &lt;ref name=&quot;References&quot;&gt;Martin, Laura. The Fluid Mosaic Model of the Cell Membrane - The Mosaic. Connexions. 15 Oct. 2007 &lt;http://cnx.org/content/m15255/1.2/&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; These conclusions all came together in the fluid mosaic model, where the phospholipid bilayer is a fluid matrix and both lipids and proteins are capable of lateral and rotational movement (see [[Structural Biochemistry/Lipids/Membrane Fluidity|membrane fluidity]]).

== References ==
&lt;references/&gt;

{{BookCat}}

Slonczewski, Joan L. Microbiology &quot;An Evolving Science.&quot; Second Edition.</text>
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    <title>Science Fiction Literature</title>
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      <text bytes="6559" sha1="606siydaraip5cw3bu2sloxs8m7a6ez" xml:space="preserve">[[File:War of the Worlds original cover bw.jpg|250px|thumb|alt=War of the Worlds original cover|[[s:War of the Worlds|War of the Worlds]] original cover]]
This is an introduction to the genre of science fiction, its history, its place in literature, and its current practice. We will define the genre, mention many of the sub-genres, and provide an overview of the history of science fiction.

We will focus especially on the authors whose work staked out the territory, those who have become masters in the field, and we will work to cover authors who are currently writing in the genre and expanding its frontiers today.

Throughout, please bear in mind that many works are written in more than one sub-genre at a time, so the lines can be blurry. For example, an author writing for young adults can also be writing in the Lost Worlds genre too.

There is a large quantity of good science fiction being written by authors in languages other than English. With the exception of [[s:Author:Jules Verne|Jules Verne]], most English speakers would be challenged to name even one of these other authors.

Since this is intended as textbook, we will include discussion questions, and suggest exercises to help the student and teacher, master the material. We will also include suggestions for further reading.

== Table of Contents ==
[[File:Pluck and Luck Dime Novel Pulp Magazine- The Search for King Solomon's Mines.jpg|200px|thumb|alt=Pluck and Luck Dime Novel Pulp Magazine- The Search for King Solomon's Mines|Pluck and Luck Dime Novel Pulp Magazine- [[s:King Solomon's Mines|The Search for King Solomon's Mines]]]]
*[[/Introduction and Historical Overview/]]
*The History of Science Fiction
**The Early Stories
**Penny Dreadfuls, Dime Novels, and the rise of the Pulps
**The Death of the Pulps
**The Triumph of Science Fiction
[[File:VergesseneW.jpg|200px|thumb|alt=The Lost World by Conan Doyle|[[s:The Lost World|The Lost World]] by Conan Doyle]]
[[File:TheLandThatTimeForgot.png|200px|thumb|alt=The Land That Time Forgot by Edgar Rice Burroughs|The Land That Time Forgot by Rice Burroughs]]
*Sub-genres of Science Fiction (Titles are examples only). Entries [in square brackets] represent well known film/TV adaptations.
*#Adventure ([Ready Player One]/Two, Rendezvous With Rama)
*##[[/Lost Worlds/]] (Cadwal Chronicles, Dragonriders of Pern, Pax / Astra) 
*##Military SF (Berserkers, Ender Wiggins [Ender's Game], Hammers Slammers, Honor Harrington, Northworld, The Forever War)
*##Soldiers of Fortune (John Grimes, Matador)
*##New Frontiers (Cluster, the Ship series)
*##Planetary Exploration and Colonization (Engines of God, Gaea, the Grand Tour, the Mars Trilogy, [The Martian], Artemis, The Martian Chronicles)
*##Space Opera ([Dune] series, [Foundation] series, Lensmen series, Vorkosigan Saga, A Fire Upon The Deep, Revelation Space series, Gateway)
*##New Space Opera (The Culture series, Xeelee, Viriconium, The Night's Dawn trilogy, The Gap series, Leviathan Wakes+ [The Expanse], The Collapsing Empire)
*#[[/Aliens|Alien Beings]]
*##First Contact ([Contact], Childhood's End, Skylark series, Slaughterhouse-Five)
*##Alien Societies (Cheela, Mission Earth, Helliconia)
*##Interspecies Relations (Saga of the Exiles, Sector General, Way Station, The Mote in God's Eye, Skylark series, [The Man Who Fell to Earth])
*##Alien Invasion and Occupation (Colonization series, Dahak, [The War of The Worlds], Footfall, The Color Out of Space, Battlefield Earth, The Day of The Triffids) 
*#Anthropology / Sociology (Neanderthal Parallax Trilogy, Doomsday Book)
*#Alternate History (Guns of the South, Worldwar/Colonization series)
*#Bleak Futures and Dystopias
*##Ecological Disasters (Earth Abides, Battle Circle, Jenny Casey trilogy, Jerry Cornelius, Obernewtyn Chronicles, Termination Shock)
*##Nuclear / Post-Apocolypse (A Canticle for Leibowitz, Xenogenesis, Endworld, [The Postman], Lucifer's Hammer, SeveNeveS, The Road, [World War Z], [I am Legend])
*##Dystopian ([1984], Fahrenheit 451, Brave New World, [The Children of Men], [The Handmaid's Tale], [The Hunger Games] series, [A Clockwork Orange], A Scanner Darkly)
*#Hard Science (Spiderworld, Project Hail Mary, [The Andromeda Strain], Blindsight, The Terminal Man)
*#Technology (Chobits, Legacy of the Aldenata, Instrumentality, [iRobot], Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? [Blade Runner/2049], [Jurassic Park])
*#Science Fantasy ([[s:Author:Edgar Rice Burroughs#John Carter|John Carter of Mars]] [John Carter], Jules Verne’s stories, [His Dark Materials] series, Frankenstein, Out of The Silent Planet)
*#Humor (Stainless Steel Rat, [Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy], Old Man's War series, Flatland)
*#Love and Romance (Tower and the Hive, [The Time Traveller's Wife])
*#Mystery and Detectives (Elijah Bailey, Greg Mandel, In Death, Ukiah Oregon, [Altered Carbon], [Sphere], The Caves of Steel, The Sirens of Titan, The Demolished Man)
*#Social Criticism (Transmetropolitan, The Lathe of Heaven, Stranger in a Strange Land, The Chrysalids, The Moon is a Harsh Mistress)
*##Sex and Gender Roles (Uglies, The Left Hand of Darkness, Time Enough for Love)
*##Political ([The Man in the High Castle], [Starship Troopers])
*##Religion (Left Behind, Hyperion Cantos, Anathem)
*#Species Evolution (Amber series, Beggars trilogy, Wildcards, The Uplift War)
*#Cyberpunk (Neuromancer, Snow Crash, The Stars My Destination, The Diamond Age)
*#World Versions (Eon, Ilium)
*#Young Adult / Children's (Witch World, Ember, early Heinlein, [A Wrinkle in Time], [Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children], [The Maze Runner] series, [Holes], Extraordinary Adventures of the Athena Club)
*#Short Stories (Story of Your Life [Arrival], The [Minority Report], The Sentinel [2001: A Space Odyssey], We Can Remember It for Your Wholesale [Total Recall])
*#Graphic Novels ([Watchmen])
*National and World Literatures
*#Soviet / Russian
*#French
*##[Planet of the Apes] (Pierre Boulle)
*##The Mysterious Island (Jules Verne)
*#Scandinavian
*#Japanese
*##[Battle Royale] (Koushun Takami)
*##[Godzilla] (Shigeru Kayama)
*#German
*#East European
*##[Solaris] (Stanislaw Lem, Poland)
*#Spanish speaking
*#China
*##Remembrance of Earth's Past [3 Body Problem] (Liu Cixin)
*#Other World SF literature
*Venues for Publication of Science Fiction Literature and Future Trends
*#Professional Magazines and Publishers
*#Fanzines and Amateur Publications
*Recognition and Awards
*#Hugo Award
*#Nebula Award
*#Locus Award
*#Robert A. Heinlein Award{{Shelves|Science fiction literature}}
{{Alphabetical|S}}
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    <title>Foundations of Education and Instructional Assessment/Curriculum/Controversy</title>
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      <text bytes="14703" sha1="mamg0mge3pyyiktcdlqw5jkh10hybd3" xml:space="preserve">== Who Decides What is Taught? ==

'''TABLE of CONTENT'''

'''1) Food for Thought - Introduction'''

'''2) Local, or National? - Should curricula be set locally, or by national boards?'''

'''3) Who Determines Content? - Who decides what is available to be taught?'''

'''4) School: A Social Evolution Context - The Ever-Changing School.'''

'''5) Commentary: This Author's Take on the Issue of Nationally-Set Curricula'''

'''6) Works Cited'''

'''7) Test Section'''

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;&quot;Good schools, like good societies and good families, celebrate and cherish diversity.&quot;&lt;/span&gt;'''
—'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;Deborah Meier&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'''

'''Food For Thought'''

A school’s core curriculum should not be shaped without forethought. What do our students need to know today? What will they need to know tomorrow? What about their unique and individual lives determines what they need to know? Finally, wrapping all of these issues into the question at hand, who decides what is taught?

*Consider the following questions, and develop your own opinion. 
Must a student’s socioeconomic-driven factors and personal needs be considered in order to form a proper educational plan? 
Must each of us learn the same content nationwide in order to reach a proper level of education?
 
'''Local, or National?'''

Throughout the history of American education, a student’s need for the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic has been obvious and a concentration of the accepted curriculum. But, our national curriculum was not always nationally shaped. In the past, before America's school system operated under national oversight, teachers traveled from town to town and worked on a freelance basis for a few weeks. Without oversight, the teacher taught as he/she saw fit.

Modern strides in science have made staples of classes focused on branches of biology, computer science and advanced mathematics, especially for students thinking of attending a university and going into fields requiring further academically-advanced skill sets. Elective studies, often geared towards the arts, have a tendency to receive funding based on availability, rather than out of necessity. &quot;Funding for the visual arts, music, theater and dance are losing ground across the country due to a ballooning deficit and legislation that caters to standardized testing...Compliance with the No Child Left Behind Act, which makes teaching to standardized testing regulatory, is being cited by some in the education field as the main reason why arts funding is on the chopping block as the first sacrifice to be made (Harbaugh).&quot; So, we recognize nationally that there are basic classes needing to be taught, and that others are not always necessary in order to lead a successful life. These cut classes have been classified as optional when funding runs low, and when well-intentioned acts, such as No Child Left Behind, place emphasis on instilling the fundamentals of modern education. In turn, national philosophies are not able to always satisfy local and personal needs, therefore curriculum should be drafted with some insight.

One study determined that nationally-controlled educational systems have teachers who are “more likely to teach the same mathematics curriculum as teachers in educational systems with local control (Stevenson/Baker, 1).&quot; This, as we’ve examined, means that we seem to have a national understanding regarding the importance of core education. The study goes on to show a disparity, stating that, “when the control of curricular issues is at the national level, the amount of the mathematics curriculum that is taught is generally not related to the characteristics of the teachers of the students, whereas in educational systems with local control, it is related to teachers’ and students’ characteristics (Stevenson/Baker, 1).&quot; Locally controlled bodies draft culturally-influenced curricula, while still teaching alongside national regulations. This is an important factor when considering the amount of authority that should be placed on national boards, versus local decision making boards.

Is it better to have a broad-reaching math (or any other field of study) education plan, or is it better to have a plan geared towards the needs of particular communities and states? A state that makes much of its money off of nuclear engineering, or the manufacturing of battleships, could require a workforce with higher math skills than a part of the country graduating future farmers.

That said, Even if higher levels of math (as an example) weren’t required in all states, or areas of a state, every level of math education should still be made available to any student desiring the content. This can be provided through distance-education means, like internet broadcasts. A national board may not have the foresight to dedicate particular classes to areas of the country with varying educational needs, and certain districts may simply not have the funds to hire teachers for less-than-popular class choices; today’s ever-cheaper communication advances can help fill in any gaps.

'''Who determines content?'''

Who decides what is taught? &quot;In the U.S., each state, with the individual school districts, establishes the curricula taught. Each state, however, builds its curriculum with great participation of national academic subject groups selected by the United States Department of Education (Wikipedia).&quot; It’s a team effort, but the debate involves determining which body should have the heaviest hand in the final decision making process, regarding what should be offered.

In one experiment of ways to govern a school system (the Denver Curriculum Program), teachers were given the duty of helping to recreate the school system’s curriculum. The outcome was that “Teacher participation resulted in a teaching staff increasingly alert to its problems. The program of curriculum revision had stimulated and motivated professional study and had been most effective in creating the desire for the assistance of constructive supervision. Teacher participation had also resulted in the emergence of leadership. It placed a premium on the initiative of the individual teacher (Peltier, 215).&quot; Teachers were able to step up and take the reigns of their schools. This might not be possible everywhere, depending on the collective ambitions of individual teaching staffs, but here is an example of how local decision making works, and can benefit an area. As a bonus, the teachers' involvement boosted the confidence of the local school structure in its own capabilities.

Another part of the debate should mention the creation of textbooks. Regardless of the decisions as to what is taught, and where, eventually the curriculum will revolve around the content that is held in textbooks. Textbooks are not written by high-school teachers, for high-school teachers. Textbooks are penned by “college professors, many of whom have never spent a day as a teacher in the schools for which they are attempting to write texts (Borgeson, 181).&quot; This isn’t to say that college professors should not be writing the textbooks, since many high-school teachers likely don’t have adequate training to complete the process of creating a textbook. This issue is simply brought up to point out a gap between those who decide what content is available, and those actually teaching and learning in a live classroom setting. It wouldn’t be possible for each school district to write its own text books, but that doesn’t nullify the disparity.

'''School: a Social Evolution Context'''

The American educational system continuously evolves, and is composed of variously influenced tentacles. Historically, as the leading groups within society adapted the curriculum to meet their group-related needs, “similar social groups continued to benefit and, likewise, other social groups were disadvantaged (Goodson, 74).&quot; Only by adapting naturally-evolving curricular needs, based upon what is right for societal and local needs, will America’s system of education benefit the many and help the needy rise to individual potential.
With the world evolving in so many ways, so must education. The economy of America is changing everyday. The international trade market affects the country in many ways.   Trade is very important to the growth of the country, representing 25 percent of the country’s gross domestic product. (Source)Trade in services once was a large export but for the past seven years service imports have grown faster than service exports (source).  Most industries face international competition causing for companies to look for the lowest-cost work they can work to cut cost. With all these things going on in the economy in America, the government must take a look into evolving educations. For most students and schools this means that high school is not the end of education like it was over 30 years ago. Times are changing and thirty years ago you could get a job without any education after high school. With the job competition on the rise it will be more important for students to go to college in turn changing the outlook on high school across the nation. So what high school students were doing 30 years ago, will that be good for the economy? Should it stay the same?

This is possible on a national level, on a local level, or through a combination of both. Which would you prefer? Who should decide what is taught, to whom?

'''Independence in thought - COMMENTARY'''

Schools are created for society, by selected members of society. The simple fact that the decision making bodies are “selected” is reason enough to require that their decisions are grounded in objectivity, while allowing for classes relevant to particular areas of the country with unique needs. Hopefully those in the position of decision makers are world wise and understanding that cultures can change so much from one area of a city and state to the next.

It comes to light that curricula should not be set in stone. As culture and society changes, changes in curricula are necessary. America may be a unified jigsaw, but each citizen doesn’t necessarily need, or want, to learn the same as every other. Students should certainly receive and learn non-optional core material, but students nationwide will not benefit by learning through an educational plan drafted entirely as though all people are exactly the same, everywhere. We are all people, true enough, but it's known that culture plays a powerful role in shaping what people value, and don't, in education. We should allow for cultural and personal variation as much as we can afford to, while continuing to reinforce universal education needs.

It seems an obvious step that each district should be self-motivated and granted the right to determine its own curriculum, at least in part. How can a man in a California computer-science funded locality determine what is best learned by a man in a West Virginian mining community? The answer is that he really can’t. He may be able to set a theoretical basis for what all people need know, but he’ll never be able to properly dictate what is entirely appropriate for outliers determined by cultural and socioeconomic variation. We may share a larger national border, but we shouldn’t expect that a national educational edict be followed, unless it also considers personal and local-based social requirements.

'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;&quot;The fact that an opinion has been widely held is no evidence that it is not utterly absurd.&quot;&lt;/span&gt;'''
—'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;Bertrand Russell&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'''

________________________________________________________________________

'''WORKS CITED:'''

Borgeson, F C. &quot;School Curriculum and Contemporary Life.&quot; Journal of Educational Psychology 3 (1929): 181-185. JSTOR.

Goodson, Ivor F. &quot;On Curriculum Form: Notes Toward a Theory of Curriculum.&quot; Sociology of Education 65 (1992): 66-75. JSTOR.

Harbaugh, Steven. &quot;High Schools Face Major Arts Funding Cuts.&quot; KentNewsNet. 1 Jan. 2005. &lt;http://media.www.kentnewsnet.com/media/storage/paper867/news/2005/02/01/News/High-Schools.Face.
Major.Arts.Funding.Cuts-1515708.shtml&gt;.

Lewis, Anne C. (2005, May).&quot;High School and Changing Economy&quot;. Tech Directions (64),10-15, Retrieved April 18, 2008, From Education Full Text database

Peltier, Gary L. &quot;State Control of the Curriculum and Classroom Instruction.&quot; History of Education Quarterly 7 (1967): 209-219. JSTOR.

Stevenson, David L., and David P. Baker. &quot;State Control of the Curriculum and Classroom Instruction.&quot; Sociology of Education 64 (1991), 1-10. JSTOR.

Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia &lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curricula&gt;.

________________________________________________________________________

'''TEST SECTION'''

''''MULTIPLE CHOICE – CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER FOR EACH'''

1) Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank:

Historically, three topics that have always held a necessary place in educational curricula are Reading, Writing, and _______
a) Home Economics
b) Art
c) Drama
d) Arithmetic
e) Physical Education

2) Choose the answer that best fills the blank, according to the text:

Nationally-controlled educational systems have teachers who are “_______ likely to teach the same mathematics curriculum as teachers in educational systems with local control.”
a) less
b) just as
c) more

3) Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank:

Most High School textbooks are written by _______ educators.
a) Elementary School
b) Middle School
c) High School
d) College

4) Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank:

The board, out of the list below, which takes part in setting curricula nationally, is the ___________.
a) Department of Education
b) Department of Curricula
c) Department of Childhood Development
d) Department of Schooling
e) Department of Thought

5) Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank, based on the text:

Teacher participation results in the emergence of ______ roles.
a) Parental
b) Peer
c) Social
d) Interpersonal
e) Leadership

''**MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER KEY: 1)D;2)B;3)D;4)A;5)E**''

'''ESSAY TOPIC:''' 
Working from your readings and personal experiences, write a short essay explaining how you think curricula should be drafted. Should national boards draft a country-wide curriculum that is based on nationally-accepted norms considering the content students are taught, or should local education bodies have the option of drafting culture-specific curricula, operating in conjunction with core subjects?

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Tres Leches Cake II</title>
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      <text bytes="2204" sha1="3saf7raib77jw4isoi5aq7ih4vzcenu" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Cake recipes
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{recipe}}
{{see also|Cookbook:Tres Leches Cake I}}
'''Tres leches cake''' is a popular Latin American [[Cookbook:Dessert|dessert]] using 3 types of milk.

==Ingredients==
*1 box of white [[Cookbook:Cake Mix|cake mix]], preferably with pudding in the mix
*1 can of [[Cookbook:Sweetened Condensed Milk|sweetened condensed milk]]
*1 can of [[Cookbook:Evaporated milk|evaporated milk]]
*1 cup of heavy whipping [[Cookbook:Cream|cream]] or [[Cookbook:Half and Half|half and half]]
*1 container of [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|cool whip]]

== Procedure ==

# Prepare cake mix as directed on the package. Transfer to a greased [[Cookbook:Baking Dish|baking dish]] or [[Cookbook:Cake Pan|cake pan]], and bake per the directions.
# While the cake is baking, combine the sweetened condensed milk, evaporated milk, and heaving whipping cream to make the milk mixture. Mix well.
# When the cake is finished baking, remove from the oven and poke holes all over the top of the cake with a fork.
# Pour all of the milk mixture on top of the cake.
# Cover the cake, and refrigerate it for 8 hours or overnight.
# Immediately before serving, spread cake with cool whip or as guests prefer.

== Notes, tips, and variations ==

* Regular cake frosting is an option, although the cake becomes very sweet. [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|Cool whip]] is found to add just the right touch of sweetness.
* You can also prepare 2 cakes. After soaking with the milk mixture, add your choice of filling on top of the first cake layer. Then, place the second cake layer on top and soak with milk mixture—this can be a very messy process, so take care to prevent milk from seeping out of the cake sides and bottom. Frost or spread with cool whip as normal.
* Liqueur can be added to the milk mixture for flavoring.

[[Category:Cake recipes]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Mexican recipes]]
[[Category:Baking recipes]]
[[Category:Cake mix recipes]]
[[Category:Sweetened condensed milk recipes]]
[[Category:Evaporated milk recipes]]
[[Category:Heavy cream recipes]]
[[Category:Half and half recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp</title>
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      <text bytes="181823" sha1="23fcx3sojal710f5cz6herupswbqrtb" xml:space="preserve">'''Definitions '''

Order is not only alphabetical but also by topic so use find (Ctrl-f)


See also
* [[Pictures_of_Julia_and_Mandelbrot_Sets/Terminology|Pictures_of_Julia_and_Mandelbrot_Sets - Terminology]]
* [https://mrob.com/pub/mu-index.html Index of Mu-Ency from Robert Munafo's home pages on HostMDS   © 1996-2020 Robert P. Munafo.]
* [https://persianney.com/fractal/fractalNotes.pdf fractalNotes by  perianney]
* [[:Category:Book:Fractals|Category: Book Fractals , something like index of pages]]

=Address=


  &quot;Internal addresses encode kneading sequences in human-readable form, when extended to angled internal addresses they distinguish hyperbolic components in a concise and meaningful way. The algorithms are mostly based on Dierk Schleicher's paper Internal Addresses Of The Mandelbrot Set And Galois Groups Of Polynomials (version of February 5, 2008) http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9411238v2.&quot; Claude Heiland-Allen&lt;ref&gt;[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/ruff-0.2/docs/Fractal-RUFF-Mandelbrot-Address.html haskell package: ruff-0.2by 	Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
Wakes near the period 1 continent in the Mandelbrot set.png|Parameter plane with internal rays (green) used for creating internal addresses
Julia set for f(z) = z^2+0.355534 -0.337292*i.png|&lt;math&gt;1 \xrightarrow{4/5} 5 \xrightarrow{1/17} 85 &lt;/math&gt;
Julia set for f(z) = z^2+ c c = -0.051707765779845 +0.683880135777732*i.png|&lt;math&gt;1 \xrightarrow{1/3} 3 \xrightarrow{1/7} 21 \xrightarrow{1/13} 273 &lt;/math&gt;
Parabolic Julia set from period 3 thru internal angle 1 over 3.png|&lt;math&gt;1 \xrightarrow{1/3} 3 \xrightarrow{1/3} 9 &lt;/math&gt;
Parabolic julia set c = -1.125 + 0.21650635094611*i.png|&lt;math&gt;1 \xrightarrow{1/2} 2 \xrightarrow{1/3}  6&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;


types
* finite / infinite
* accessible/non-accessible
* on the parameter plane / on th edynamic plane
* simple/ angled
* for Crossed Renormalizations&lt;ref&gt;[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39195588.pdf On the Locus of Crossed Renormalization (Problems on complex dynamical systems) by Riedl, Johannes; Schleicher, Dierk]&lt;/ref&gt;


==Internal==
* the internal address of a hyperbolic component A  lists the periods of certain components that are “on the way” from the main cardioid to hyperbolic component A&lt;ref&gt;[http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm164/fm16413.pdf Trees of visible components in the Mandelbrot set by Virpi K a u k o]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Internal addresses describe the combinatorial structure of the Mandelbrot set.&lt;ref&gt;[http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/35776/1/WRAP_THESIS_Sharland_2010.pdf Rational Maps with Clustering and the Mating of Polynomials by Thomas Joseph Sharland]&lt;/ref&gt; It is one of the Analytical Naming Systems&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/analyticalnamingsystem.html analytical naming system From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2020.  ]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/3672339/naming-bulbs-on-the-mandelbrot-set math.stackexchange question: naming-bulbs-on-the-mandelbrot-set]&lt;/ref&gt;
* the ancestral route of a hyperbolic component is the ordered sequence of all its ancestors


  &lt;math&gt; 1 \quad \xrightarrow \quad\  3 \quad \xrightarrow \quad\  6&lt;/math&gt;

Internal address: 
* is not constant within hyperbolic component. Example: internal address of -1 is 1-&gt;2 and internal address of 0.9999 is 1&lt;ref&gt;Topics from One-Dimensional Dynamics by Karen M. Brucks,Henk Bruin. page 265 exercise 14.2.12&lt;/ref&gt;
* of hyperbolic component is defined as a internal address of it's center
* In an internal address, the numbers (period) must be increasing by definition.


The internal address is describing a kneading sequence by increasing periods.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mndynamics.com/papers/goettingen11.pdf Combinatorics, external rays, and twisted polynomials. by Wolf Jung]&lt;/ref&gt;
These correspond to hyperbolic components in M, where the kneading sequence is changing.
Example: 
* AABA∗ is obtained by changing A → AAB → AABA∗ , so the internal address is 1-3-5. Conversely, the internal address 1-3-5 gives A → AAB → AABA∗ .


===angled===

Angled internal address is an extension of internal address.  The angled internal address of the end of a finite chain of child bulbs &lt;math&gt;p_j/q_j, j \in 1, 2, \ldots, k&lt;/math&gt; would be:

&lt;math&gt;1 \xrightarrow{p_1/q_1} q_1 \xrightarrow{p_2/q_2} q_1 q_2  \ldots \xrightarrow{p_k/q_k} \prod_{j=1}^k q_j&lt;/math&gt;

Examples: 

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Mandelbrot set - subwake * 1 4over5-5 1over17-85.png|&lt;math&gt; 1\quad \xrightarrow{4/5}\ 5\quad \xrightarrow{1/17}\ 85 \quad&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

* &lt;math&gt; 1 \quad \xrightarrow{1/3}\  3 \quad \xrightarrow{1/2}\  6\quad&lt;/math&gt;  describes period 6 component which is a satelite of period 3 component.
* [https://mathr.co.uk/web/m-artists.html Mandelbrot Artists by Claude Heiland-Allen]

Elements
* period of hyperbolic componnet
* angle of internal ray

One can see the adress as:
* sequence of hyperbolic components
* path inside Mandelbrot set

Path inside Mandelbrot set:
* start with center of period 1 ( nucleus)
* internal ray with angle n/m
* root point n/m  ( bond)
* internal angle 
* center with given period
* ...

===Problems===
Infinite [http://Fractals/Mathematics/sequences sequences]: 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/island_t#1-3-4-5|islands]] 
* infinite sequence of bifurcations

=Angle=

==Types of angle ==
[[File:Principle branch of arg on Riemann.png|thumbnail|right|Principal branch or complex number argument]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! 
! external angle
! internal angle
! plain angle
|-
|parameter plane
| &lt;math&gt; arg(\Phi_M(c))  \,&lt;/math&gt;
| &lt;math&gt; arg(\rho_n(c)) \,&lt;/math&gt;
| &lt;math&gt; arg(c) \, &lt;/math&gt;
|-
|dynamic plane
| &lt;math&gt; arg(\Phi_c(z)) \,&lt;/math&gt;
| 
| &lt;math&gt; arg(z) \,&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|}

where:
* &lt;math&gt;\rho_n(c)&lt;/math&gt; is a [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier map|multiplier map]]
* &lt;math&gt; \Phi(c) \,&lt;/math&gt; is a [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/boettcher|Boettcher function]]

=== external ===
The external angle is a angle of 
* point of set's exterior 
* the boundary. 

It is: 
* the same on all points on [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#External ray|the external ray]]. It is important for proving connectedness of the Mandelbrot set.
* a proper fraction
* an approximation of directional derivative

===internal===
The internal angle&lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/internalangle.html muency  - internal angle (the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2016.)]&lt;/ref&gt; is an angle of point of component's interior
* it is a rational number and proper fraction measured in turns (see [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Multiplier_map|multiplier map]])
* it is  the same for all point on [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Internal ray|the internal ray]] 
* in a contact point (root point) it agrees with [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Rotation number|the rotation number]]
* root point has internal angle 0 (inside child component)
* &quot;The internal angles start at 0, at the cusp, and increase counterclockwise. &quot; Robert Munafo&lt;ref&gt;[https://mrob.com/pub/muency/internalangle.html internal angle from the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2017]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\alpha = \frac{p}{q} \in \mathbb{Q}&lt;/math&gt;

Internal angle 
* of the wake 
** root point
** angles of the wake = angles of parameter rays that land on the root point
*** angles of dynamic rays that land on the alpha fixed point
*** angles of dynamic rays that land on the critical point and critical value
** angles of principal Misiurewicz point


See also
* [https://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/binarysearchforinternalang.html binary search for internal angle . From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2022.     Mu-ency index]

===plain===
The plain angle is an angle of complex point = its argument&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Arg (mathematics)|argument of complex number]]&lt;/ref&gt;

===bearing angle in CSS===
By convention, when an angle denotes a direction in CSS, it is typically interpreted as a bearing angle, where:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.w3.org/TR/css-values-4/#angle-value w3.org docs: CSS and angle-value]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 0deg is &quot;up&quot; or &quot;north&quot; on the screen
* and larger angles are more clockwise (so 90deg is &quot;right&quot; or &quot;east&quot;)


==Units==
* turns
* degrees
* radians

==Number types==
Angle (for example, external angle in turns) can be used in different [[Fractals/Mathematics/Numbers#Number_types|number types]]

Examples:

the external arguments of the rays landing at z = −0.15255 + 1.03294i are:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2013/105283/ref/ A Method to Solve the Limitations in Drawing External Rays of the Mandelbrot Set M. Romera, G. Pastor, A. B. Orue, A. Martin, M.-F. Danca, and F. Montoya]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;math&gt;(\theta^- _{20} , \theta^+_{20} ) = (0.\overline{00110011001100110100}, 0.\overline{00110011001101000011})&lt;/math&gt;

where:

&lt;math&gt;\theta^- _{20}  = 0.\overline{00110011001100110100}_2 = 0.\overline{20000095367522590181913549340772}_{10} = \frac{209716}{1048575} = \frac{209716}{2^{20}-1}&lt;/math&gt;

=Bifurcation=
* Numerical Bifurcation Analysis of Maps
**  MatCont&lt;ref&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/matcont/?source=typ_redirect Matcont - is a Matlab software project for the numerical continuation and bifurcation study of continuous and discrete parameterized dynamical systems. Leaders of the project are Willy Govaerts (Gent,B) and Yuri A. Kuznetsov (Utrecht,NL).]&lt;/ref&gt;
=Coordinate=
[[Fractals/Computer_graphic_techniques/2D/coordinate|Coordinate]]: 
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Fatou coordinate|Fatou coordinate]] for [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/petal|every repelling and attracting petal]] (linearization of function near parabolic fixed point)
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/boettcher|Boettcher]]
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Koenigs coordinate|Koenigs]]


    &quot;The coordinates are the current location, measured on the x-y-z axis. The gradient is a direction to move from our current location&quot; Sadid Hasan&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.quora.com/What-is-%E2%80%98gradient%E2%80%99 quora: What-is-gradient?]&lt;/ref&gt;

=Curves=

Types:
* topology: 
** closed versus open
** simple versus not simple ( complex)
** infinite, finite at one end ( ray), finite at both ends ( segment) 
** self-intersections, crossing, singularities
* other properities: 
** invariant
** critical

Points of the curve:
* regular
* singular: A point on the curve at which the curve behaves in an extraordinary manner is called a singular point.
** Points of inflexion
** Multiple points( n-tuple points):&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.statisticshowto.com/double-points-math/ statistics how to: double-points]&lt;/ref&gt; A point on the curve through which more than one branches of curve
*** double : &quot;A double point is a point on a curve where two branches of the curve intersect; in other words, it’s a point traced twice when a curve is traversed.&quot;
*** Triple point: A point on the curve through which three branches of curve pass 


Description&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.onemathematicalcat.org/Math/Geometry_obj/area_perimeter.htm geometry by Dr. Carol JVF Burns]&lt;/ref&gt;
* plane curve =  it lies in a plane.
* closed = it starts and ends at the same place.
* simple  = it never crosses itself. only regular points


See
* [[Fractals/curves|Fractals curves]]

==closed ==
Closed curves are curves whose ends are joined. Closed curves do not have end points. 
* '''Simple Closed Curve''': A connected curve that does not cross itself and ends at the same point where it begins. It divides the plane into exactly two regions (Jordan curve theorem). Examples of simple closed curves are ellipse, circle and polygons.&lt;ref&gt;[http://math.tutorvista.com/geometry/curve.html What is a Curve   ? ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''Complex Closed Curve''' (not simple = non-simple) It divides the plane into more than two regions.  Example:  Lemniscates.

&quot;non-self-intersecting continuous closed curve in plane&quot; = &quot;image of a continuous injective function from the circle to the plane&quot;
===Circle===

====Inner circle ====
==== Unit circle  ====

Unit circle &lt;math&gt;\partial D\,&lt;/math&gt; is a boundary of unit disk&lt;ref&gt;[[w:unit circle|Unit circle in Wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
 
&lt;math&gt;\partial D = \left\{ w: abs(w)=1  \right \}&lt;/math&gt;

where coordinates of &lt;math&gt;w\,&lt;/math&gt; point of unit circle in exponential form are:

&lt;math&gt;w = e^{i*t}\,&lt;/math&gt;

==Critical curves==
Diagrams of critical polynomials are called '''critical curves'''.&lt;ref&gt;The Road to Chaos is Filled with Polynomial Curves
by Richard D. Neidinger and R. John Annen III. American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 103, No. 8, October 1996, pp. 640-653&lt;/ref&gt;

These curves create skeleton of [[Fractals/Iterations of real numbers/r iterations|bifurcation diagram]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book
  | last = Hao
  | first = Bailin
  | authorlink =   Bailin Hao
  | coauthors =
  | title = Elementary Symbolic Dynamics and Chaos in Dissipative Systems
  | publisher = [[World Scientific]]
  | year = 1989
  | location =
  | pages =
  | url = http://power.itp.ac.cn/~hao/
  | doi =
  | id =
  | isbn =9971-5-0682-3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; (the dark lines&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iec.csic.es/~gerardo/publica/Romera96b.pdf M. Romera, G. Pastor and F. Montoya, &quot;Misiurewicz points in one-dimensional quadratic maps&quot;, Physica A, 232 (1996), 517-535. Preprint]&lt;/ref&gt;)

==dendrit==
* a locally connected branched curve
* &quot;Complex 1-variable polynomials with connected Julia sets and only repelling periodic points are called dendritic.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.08825.pdf LAMINATIONAL MODELS FOR SOME SPACES OF POLYNOMIALS OF ARBITRARY DEGREE by ALEXANDER BLOKH, LEX OVERSTEEGEN, ROSS PTACEK, AND VLADLEN TIMORIN]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;a dendrite is a locally connected continuum that does not contain Jordan curves.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313157241_Models_for_spaces_of_dendritic_polynomials Models_for_spaces_of_dendritic_polynomials by ALEXANDER BLOKH, LEX OVERSTEEGEN, ROSS PTACEK,AND VLADLEN TIMORIN]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;a locally connected continuum without subsets homeomorphic to a circle&quot;
* connected with no interior
*  locally connected, uniquely arcwise connected, compact metric space

See also: 
* Misiurewicz point on the parameter plane
* Dendrite Modeling: Modeling dendrites, including trees, lightning, river systems, and all manner of branching structures, has been frequently undertaken in computer graphics. We propose a new dendritic modeling framework using path planning as the basic operation&lt;ref&gt;[https://people.scs.carleton.ca/~mould/papers/den.pdf MODELING DENDRITIC SHAPES Using Path Planning by  Ling Xu, David Mould]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Procedural Branching Texture&lt;ref&gt;[https://blenderartists.org/t/procedural-branching-texture/1334075 procedural-branching-texture in blender by LordoftheFleas]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Escape lines==
Escape line = boundary of escape time's level sets 

&quot;If the escape radius is equal to 2  the contour lines have a contact point (c= -2) and cannot be considered as equipotential lines&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260453188_Escape_lines_versus_equipotential_lines_in_the_Mnadelbrot_set Escape lines versus equipotential lines in the Mnadelbrot set by  M. Romera, Pastor G,  D. de la Guía,  Montoya]&lt;/ref&gt;
==geodesic==
In geometry, a geodesic is a curve representing in some sense the shortest path (arc) between two points in a surface&lt;ref&gt;[https://timhutton.github.io/PseudosphereGeodesics/ Pseudosphere Geodesics by Tim Hutton]&lt;/ref&gt;
==Integral==
* integral curve is a parameterized curve, whose tangent vectors agree with the vectors from this vector field.  In physics, integral curves for an electric field or magnetic field are known as field lines.

==Invariant==

Types:
* topological 
* shift invariants

examples: 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#dynamical|curve is invariant for the map]] f (evolution function)  if images of every point from the curve stay on that curve&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222450165_The_Computation_of_Invariant_Circles_of_Maps  The Computation of Invariant Circles of Maps  Article in Physica D Nonlinear Phenomena 16(2):243-251 · June 1985 DOI: 10.1016/0167-2789(85)90061-2  1st I.G. Kevrekidis]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.zora.uzh.ch/63930/1/Dissertation_Marty.pdf A Newton-Raphson method for numerically constructing invariant curves Marty, Wolfgang]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238832042_Numerical_Approximation_of_Rough_Invariant_Curves_of_Planar_Maps Numerical Approximation of Rough Invariant Curves of Planar Maps  Article in SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing 25(1) · September 2003 DOI: 10.1137/S106482750241373X  K. D. Edoh and  Jens Lorenz]&lt;/ref&gt;
* curve is invariant for a system of ordinary differential equations&lt;ref&gt;[http://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/0908077 SIAM J. Sci. and Stat. Comput., 8(6), 951–962. (12 pages) A New Algorithm for the Numerical Approximation of an Invariant Curve Published online: 14 July 2006 Keywords invariant manifold, polygonal approximation AMS Subject Headings 65L99, 65H10, 34C40 Publication Data ISSN (print): 0196-5204 ISSN (online): 2168-3417 Publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics M. van Veldhuizen]&lt;/ref&gt;


&quot;Quasi-invariant curves are used in the study of hedgehog dynamics&quot; RICARDO PEREZ-MARCO&lt;ref&gt;[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01710692/document ON QUASI-INVARIANT CURVES by RICARDO PEREZ-MARCO]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples:
* field lines
** external ray
** internal ray

==Isocurves==
Isocurve = level curve = curve which consist of points which have the same value (level) of parameter / variable
===Equipotential lines ===

Equipotential lines = Isocurves of complex potential

&quot;If the escape radius is greater than 2 the contour lines are equipotential lines&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260453188_Escape_lines_versus_equipotential_lines_in_the_Mnadelbrot_set Escape lines versus equipotential lines in the Mnadelbrot set by  M. Romera, Pastor G,  D. de la Guía,  Montoya]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples
* [https://www.desmos.com/calculator/m7oc1p6cys?lang=pl desmos examples: isovalues by Fabrice]

==Jordan curve==
[[Image:Jordan curve theorem.svg|thumb|200px|Illustration of the Jordan curve theorem. The Jordan curve (drawn in black) divides the plane into an &quot;inside&quot; region (light blue) and an &quot;outside&quot; region (pink).]]

Jordan curve = a simple [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#closed|closed curve]] that divides the plane into an &quot;interior&quot; region bounded by the curve and an &quot;exterior&quot; region containing all of the nearby and far away exterior points&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Jordan curve theorem|Wikipedia: Jordan curve theorem]]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Lamination==

Lamination of the unit disk is a closed collection of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Leaf|chords]] in the unit disc, which can intersect only in an endpoint of each on the boundary circle&lt;ref&gt;[http://atlas-conferences.com/cgi-bin/abstract/cbaj-28 Modeling Julia Sets with Laminations: An Alternative Definition by Debra Mimbs]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://atlas-conferences.com/c/a/w/y/03.htm Laminations of the unit disk with irrational rotation gaps by John C. Mayer]&lt;/ref&gt;

It is a model of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Mandelbrot set/lavaurs|Mandelbrot]] or [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/jlamination|Julia set]].

A lamination, L, is a union of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Leaf|leaves]] and the unit circle which satisfies:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.liv.ac.uk/~maryrees/homepagepapers/exallthesis-final.pdf Rational maps represented by both rabbit and aeroplane matings Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Freddie R. Exall July 2010]&lt;/ref&gt;
* leaves do not cross (although they may share endpoints) and
* L is a closed set.


&quot;The pattern of rays landing together can be described by a lamination of the disk. As θ is varied, the diameter defined by θ/2 and (θ +1)/2 is moving and disconnecting or reconnecting chords. &quot; Wolf Jung &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1401.4792.pdf Core entropy and biaccessibility of quadratic polynomials by Wolf Jung]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Leaf==
'''  Chords = leaves = arcs   '''

A leaf on the unit disc is a path connecting two points on the unit circle.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.liv.ac.uk/~maryrees/homepagepapers/exallthesis-final.pdf Rational maps represented by both rabbit and aeroplane matings Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Freddie R. Exall July 2010]&lt;/ref&gt;


&quot;In Thurston’s fundamental preprint, the two characteristic rays and their common landing point are the “'''minor leaf'''” of a “lamination”&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9711213 Rational Parameter Rays of the Mandelbrot Set by Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Level curve ==

LCM = Level Curve Method = method for drawing level curves


Examples: 
* equipotential line (the same potential)
* external ray (the same external angle)
* boundary of level set (see Level Set Method = LSM)

==Open curve==
Curve which is not closed. Examples: line, ray.

==Path==
* Path in geometry is a curve

==Ray==
Rays are:
* invariant curves
* dynamic or parameter
* external, internal or extended

===Extended===

&quot;We prolong an external ray R θ supporting a Fatou component U (ω) up to its center ω through an internal ray and call the resulting set the extended ray E θ with argument θ.&quot; Alfredo Poirier&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.impan.pl/pl/wydawnictwa/czasopisma-i-serie-wydawnicze/fundamenta-mathematicae/all/203/2/88585/critical-portraits-for-postcritically-finite-polynomials Critical portraits for postcritically finite polynomials by Alfredo Poirier]&lt;/ref&gt;

===External ray===

The closure of an external ray is called a closed ray. If ray lands, then the closure of the ray is the union of the external ray and its landing point.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.acadsci.fi/mathematica/Vol31/petracov.pdf NON-ACCESSIBLE CRITICAL POINTS OF CERTAIN RATIONAL FUNCTIONS WITH CREMER POINTS by Lia Petracovici]&lt;/ref&gt;


   &quot;A ray R is said to land or converge, if the accumulation set &lt;math&gt;\bar{R} - R&lt;/math&gt; is a singleton subset of J.  The conjecture that the Mandelbrot set is locally connected is equivalent to the continuous landing of all external rays.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.m-hikari.com/ijcms-password2007/5-8-2007/zirehIJCMS5-8-2007.pdf Convergence of external rays in parameter spaces of symmetric polynomials by Ahmad Zireh. Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences, Vol. 2, 2007, no. 6, 291 - 296]&lt;/ref&gt;

where: 
* &lt;math&gt;\bar{R}&lt;/math&gt; is a closure of &lt;math&gt;R&lt;/math&gt; = the bar is taken to mean the closure rather than the complex conjugate
* MLC = Mandelbrot Local connectivity Conjecture:  M is locally connected&lt;ref&gt;[http://Https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.09869 A survey on MLC, Rigidity and related topics by Anna Miriam Benini]&lt;/ref&gt;
* singelton set is a set with exactly one element

  &quot;If the MLC were proved true, the theorem of Caratheodory would give us an extension of the Riemann map &lt;math&gt;\Phi : D \to Int(M)&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;math&gt;S 1&lt;/math&gt;, giving a conformal equivalence of M with D. Given the fractal nature of M, this would be a very surprising result.&lt;ref&gt;[http://Https://www.math.toronto.edu/mkoster/notes/Mandelbrot.pdf Local Connectivity of the Mandelbrot Set. by Matt Koster December 4, 2019]&lt;/ref&gt;


A '''dynamic periodic ray pair''' &lt;math&gt;P_c(\vartheta , \vartheta' )&lt;/math&gt; is called '''characteristic''' if it separates the critical value from all rays &lt;math&gt;R_c(2^k\vartheta )&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;R_c(2^k\vartheta' )&lt;/math&gt; for all k ≥ 1 (except of course from those on the ray pair &lt;math&gt;P_c(\vartheta , \vartheta' )&lt;/math&gt; itself). 

Every cycle of periodic ray pairs has a unique characteristic ray pair with angles in [[:w:Union_(set_theory)|the union]] &lt;math&gt;\bigcup_{k \ge 0} \{2^k\vartheta , 2^k\vartheta' \}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Symbolic dynamics of quadratic polynomials. Preprint (2002) page 96&lt;/ref&gt;

For '''non-periodic rays''', we allow a characteristic ray pair to contain the critical value: a ray pair &lt;math&gt;P_c(\vartheta , \vartheta' )&lt;/math&gt; is '''characteristic''' if &lt;math&gt;\mathbb C \setminus P_c(\vartheta , \vartheta' )&lt;/math&gt; consists of two components &lt;math&gt;X0, X1&lt;/math&gt; so that
* &lt;math&gt;\overline  X&lt;/math&gt; contains all rays Rc(2kϑ) and Rc(2kϑ0) for k ≥ 1 
* and &lt;math&gt; \overline X1&lt;/math&gt; contains the critical value

===Internal ray===


Definition: 
* &quot;The internal rays are the preimages of the radial segments under the coordinate with  componenet center corresponding to 0.&quot; Alfredo Poirier&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.impan.pl/pl/wydawnictwa/czasopisma-i-serie-wydawnicze/fundamenta-mathematicae/all/203/2/88585/critical-portraits-for-postcritically-finite-polynomials Critical portraits for postcritically finite polynomials by Alfredo Poirier]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The internal rays of U are the images of radial lines under the Riemann maps.&lt;ref&gt;[https://e.math.cornell.edu/people/belk/projects/YuanLiu.pdf Graph Replacement Systems for Julia Sets of Quadratic Polynomials by Yuan J. Liu]&lt;/ref&gt;

Internal rays are:
* dynamic (on dynamic plane, inside filled Julia set)
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Mandelbrot_set_interior#Internal_rays||parameter]] (on parameter plane, inside Mandelbrot set) usuning [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Multiplier_map|multiplier map]]

====dynamic====
&lt;gallery&gt;
Dynamic_internal_and_external_rays.svg |Dynamic internal (blue segment) and external (red ray) rays
&lt;/gallery&gt;

For a parameter c with superattracting orbit: for every [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Components_of_dynamical_plane|Fatou component]] &lt;math&gt; \mathit{U}&lt;/math&gt; of filled julia set&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Filled_Julia_set|wikipedia: Filled_Julia_set]]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;math&gt;K_c&lt;/math&gt; there is:
* a unique periodic or pre-periodic point &lt;math&gt;z_{\mathit{U}} &lt;/math&gt; of the super-attracting orbit 
* a [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Riemann_map|Riemann map]] that maps:&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.6729 Rational Parameter Rays of The Multibrot Sets by Dominik Eberlein, Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;

component to unit disc:

:&lt;math&gt;\varphi_{\mathit{U}} : \mathit{U} \to \mathbb{D} &lt;/math&gt;


and point &lt;math&gt;z_{\mathit{U}}&lt;/math&gt; to the origin:

:&lt;math&gt; \varphi_{\mathit{U}}(z_{ \mathit{U}}) = 0 &lt;/math&gt;

The point &lt;math&gt; z_{\mathit{U}}&lt;/math&gt; is called the '''center of component'''  &lt;math&gt; \mathit{U}&lt;/math&gt;.

For any angle &lt;math&gt;\vartheta  \in  \mathbb R/\mathbb Z&lt;/math&gt;  the pre-image of the radial segment of the unit disc

:&lt;math&gt;\varphi^{-1}_{\mathit{U}}(r^{2\pi\vartheta}) : r \in [0,1] &lt;/math&gt; 

is called an '''internal ray''' of component  &lt;math&gt; \mathit{U}&lt;/math&gt; with well-defined landing point.

where:
* &lt;math&gt;\mathbb R/\mathbb Z &lt;/math&gt; is [[:w:Quotient_group#Sums_of_integers_and_real_numbers|The quotient group R/Z ]]


See also:
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Hubbard_tree|Hubbard tree]]


===== intertwined=====

The internal rays are the curves that connects endpoints of external rays to the origin (the only pole) by winding in the specific way through the Julia set. Unlike the external rays the internal rays allways cross other internal rays, usually at multiple points, hence they are interwined&lt;ref&gt;[https://eudml.org/doc/283146 Robert L. Devaney. &quot;Intertwined internal rays in Julia sets of rational maps.&quot; Fundamenta Mathematicae 206.1 (2009): 139-159. &lt;http://eudml.org/doc/283146&gt;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

====parameter====

&lt;gallery&gt;
Mandelbrot set - multiplier map.png|
Mandel ie 1 3.jpg|alt=Mandelbrot set for with external and internal rays|Uniformization of the interior of Mandelbrot set components using multiplier map: internal rays, internal coordinate
Iray.png|Method of computing internal ray using explicit equation
Wakes near the period 3 island in the Mandelbrot set.png|Wakes near the period 3 island in the Mandelbrot set, internal angles and rays (green) and external angles and rays (red)

&lt;/gallery&gt;


====Escape route====

Escape route is a path inside Mandelbrot set.


Escape route 1/2 &lt;ref&gt;Plotting the Escape: An Animation of Parabolic Bifurcations in the Mandelbrot Set by Anne M. Burns. Mathematics Magazine Vol. 75, No. 2 (Apr., 2002), pp. 104-116 &lt;/ref&gt;
* is  part of the real slice of the mandelbrot set) 
* part of the real line x=0

Steps: 
* start from center of period 1
* go along internal ray 1/2 to root point of period 2 component
* go along internal ray 0 to the center of period 2 component
* go along internal ray 1/2 to root point of period 4 component
* ...
&lt;gallery caption=&quot;escape routes&quot;&gt;
Escape route one half.png|1/2
Escape route one third.svg|1/3
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Spider===

A spider S is a collection of disjoint simple curves called legs &lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0611177 Iterated Monodromy Groups of Quadratic Polynomials, I Laurent Bartholdi, Volodymyr V. Nekrashevych]&lt;/ref&gt; (extended rays = external + internal ray)  in the complex plane connecting each of the post-critical points to infinity &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.units.muohio.edu/sumsri/sumj/2011/fp_alg.pdf GROWTH OF GROUPS DEFINED BY AUTOMATA: ASHLEY S. DOUGHERTY, LYDIA R. KINDELIN, AARON M. REAVES, ANDREW J. WALKER, AND NATHANIEL F. ZAKAHI]&lt;/ref&gt;

See:
* [[Fractals/Mathematics/group#Spider algorithm|spider algorithm]] 
* [[Fractals/spider|spider program]]

==Spine ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Rabbit Julia set with spine.svg|Rabbit Julia set with spine
Basilica Julia set with spine.svg|Basilica Julia set with spine

&lt;/gallery&gt;
In the  case of complex_quadratic_polynomial &lt;math&gt;f_c(z)=z^2 + c&lt;/math&gt; the spine &lt;math&gt;S_c\,&lt;/math&gt; of the filled Julia set &lt;math&gt;\ K \,&lt;/math&gt; is defined as [[Arc (projective geometry)|arc]]  between &lt;math&gt;\beta\,&lt;/math&gt;[[Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings|-fixed point]] and &lt;!-- its preimage --&gt; &lt;math&gt;-\beta\,&lt;/math&gt;,

&lt;math&gt;S_c = \left [ - \beta , \beta  \right ]\,&lt;/math&gt;

with such properties:
*spine lies inside &lt;math&gt;\ K \,&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.rochester.edu/u/faculty/doug/oldcourses/215s98/lecture10.html Douglas C. Ravenel: External angles in the Mandelbrot set: the work of Douady and Hubbard. University of Rochester] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208022215/http://www.math.rochester.edu/u/faculty/doug/oldcourses/215s98/lecture10.html |date=2012-02-08 }}&lt;/ref&gt; This makes sense when &lt;math&gt;K\,&lt;/math&gt; is connected and full &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.emis.de/journals/EM/expmath/volumes/13/13.1/Milnor.pdf  John Milnor: Pasting Together Julia Sets: A Worked Out Example of Mating. Experimental Mathematics Volume 13 (2004)]&lt;/ref&gt;
* spine is invariant under 180 degree rotation,
* spine is a finite topological tree,
*Critical point &lt;math&gt; z_{cr} = 0  \,&lt;/math&gt; always belongs to the spine.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9801148 Saaed Zakeri: Biaccessiblility in quadratic Julia sets I: The locally-connected case]&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;math&gt;\beta\,&lt;/math&gt;[[Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings|-fixed point]] is a landing point of external ray  of angle zero &lt;math&gt;\mathcal{R}^K  _0&lt;/math&gt;,
*&lt;math&gt;-\beta\,&lt;/math&gt; is landing point of [[external ray]]   &lt;math&gt;\mathcal{R}^K  _{1/2}&lt;/math&gt;.

Algorithms for constructing the spine:
*detailed version is described by A. Douady&lt;ref&gt;[http://www-personal.umich.edu/~kochsc/douady.pdf A. Douady, “Algorithms for computing angles in the Mandelbrot set,” in Chaotic Dynamics and Fractals, M. Barnsley and S. G. Demko, Eds., vol. 2 of Notes and Reports in Mathematics in Science and Engineering, pp. 155–168, Academic Press, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 1986.]&lt;/ref&gt;
*Simplified version of algorithm:
**connect &lt;math&gt;- \beta\,&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt; \beta\,&lt;/math&gt; within &lt;math&gt;K\,&lt;/math&gt; by an arc,
**when &lt;math&gt;K\,&lt;/math&gt; has empty interior then arc is unique,
**otherwise take the shortest way that contains &lt;math&gt;0&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521547666 K M. Brucks, H Bruin: Topics from One-Dimensional Dynamics Series: London Mathematical Society Student Texts (No. 62) page 257]&lt;/ref&gt;

Curve &lt;math&gt;R\,&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;math&gt;R\   \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \  R_{1/2}\ \cup\  S_c\  \cup \ R_0 \,&lt;/math&gt;

[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#paritition|divides dynamical plane]] into two components.


Computing external angle for c from centers of hyperbolic components and Misiurewicz points: 

  The spine of K is the arc from beta to minus beta. Mark 0 each time C is above the spine and 1 each time it is below. You obtain the expansion in base 2 of the external argument theta of z by C. This simply comes from the two following facts:  
  *  0 &lt; theta &lt; 1/2 if access to z is above the spine,   1/2 &lt; theta &lt; 1 if it is below
  * function f doubles the external arguments with respect to K, as well as the potential, since  [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Riemann_map|Riemman map]] (Booettcher map) conjugates f to &lt;math&gt;z \to z^2&lt;/math&gt;.
  Note that if c and z are real, the tree reduces to the segment [beta',beta] of the real line, and the sequence of 0 and 1 obtained is just the kneading sequence studied by Milnor and Thurston (except for convention: they use 1 and -1). 
  This sequence appears now as the binary expansion of a number which has a geometrical interpretation. &quot; A. Douady


Relation between spine and major leaf of the [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/jlamination|lamination]]

==Vein==

&quot;A vein in the Mandelbrot set is a continuous, injective arc inside in the Mandelbrot set&quot;

&quot;The principal vein &lt;math&gt;v_{p/q}&lt;/math&gt; is the vein joining &lt;math&gt;c_{p/q}&lt;/math&gt; to the main cardioid&quot; (Entropy, dimension and combinatorial moduli for one-dimensional dynamical systems. A dissertation by Giulio Tiozzo)

= Discriminant=

In algebra, the discriminant of a polynomial is a polynomial function of its coefficients, which allows deducing some properties of the roots without computing them.

=Distance=
[[File:Distance Function.webm|thumb|Distance Function]]

See also: 
* metric &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Usngvpiv%20LI The applications of non-euclidean distance | Metric Spaces by  Zach Star]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Algorithm 
** Distance Estimation Method 
*** [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Julia_set#DEM.2FJ|DEM/J]] 
*** [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/demm|DEM/M]]
** [[Fractals/Mathematics/Vector_field#SDF|SDF = Signed Distance Function]]
* distance fields
** EDT Euclidean Distance Transform
** SEDT = squared Euclidean distance transform. Algorithms  generating distance fields from boolean fields:&lt;ref&gt;[https://prideout.net/blog/distance%20fields/ distance fields by Philip Rideout]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://cs.brown.edu/people/pfelzens/dt/ Distance Transforms of Sampled Functions by Pedro Felipe Felzenszwalb]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://dsp.stackexchange.com/questions/227/fastest-algorithm-for-distance-transform dsp.stackexchange question: fastest-algorithm-for-distance-transform]&lt;/ref&gt;
*** Marching Parabolas, a linear-time CPU-amenable algorithm.
*** Min Erosion, a simple-to-implement GPU-amenable algorithm.

=Dynamics=
* symbolic&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mittag-leffler.se/sites/default/files/IML-0102-07.pdf Symbolic Dynamics of Quadratic Polynomials by H. Bruin and D. Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://web.pdx.edu/~veerman/symbolic1.pdf Symbolic Dynamics and Rotation Numbers  J. J. P. Veerman  Phys. 13A, 1986, 543-576. ]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://web.pdx.edu/~veerman/symbolic2.pdf Symbolic Dynamics of Order-Preserving Orbits  J. J. P. Veerman  Phys. 29D, 1987, 191-201. ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* complex &lt;ref&gt;[http://analysis.math.uni-kiel.de/bergweiler/bilder/bilder.html  Walter Bergweiler: A gallery of complex dynamics pictures.]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.07113 Around the boundary of complex dynamics by Roland K. W. Roeder]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Arithmetic
* combinatorial
* local/global
* discrete/continous
* parabolic/hyperbolic/eliptic 

Examples:
* discrete local complex parabolic dynamics

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ evolution of dynamics along escape route 0 ( parabolic implosion); Im(c) = 0
|-
! parameter c!! location of c!!              Julia set !! interior !! type of critical orbit dynamics !! critical point !! fixed points!! stability of alfa
|-
| c = 0 || center, interior||            connected = Circle Julia set|| exist || superattracting || attracted to alfa fixed point || fixed critical point equal to alfa fixed point, alfa is superattracting, beta is repelling|| r = 0
|-
| 0&lt;c&lt;1/4 || internal ray 0, interior|| connected || exist ||attracting || attracted to alfa fixed point || alfa is attracting, beta is repelling || 0 &lt; r &lt; 1.0
|-
| c = 1/4  || cusp, boundary ||        connected = cauliflower|| exist|| parabolic || attracted to alfa fixed point || alfa fixed point equal to beta fixed point, both are parabolic || r = 1
|-
| c&gt;1/4 || external ray 0, exterior|| disconnected  = imploded cauliflower||disappears || repelling ||repelling to infinity || both finite fixed points are repelling || r &gt; 1
|}


==symbolic==
&quot;Symbolic dynamics encodes: &lt;ref&gt;[http://power.itp.ac.cn/~hao/ESDCDS-hao.pdf Freely downloadable book Elementary Symbolic Dynamics and Chaos in Dissipative Systems by Bailin HAO, World Scientific, 1989, by kind permission of the publisher.]&lt;/ref&gt;
* a dynamical system &lt;math&gt;f : X \to X&lt;/math&gt; by [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Shift map|a shift ma]]p on a space of sequences over finite alphabet using Markov partition of the space &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt;
* the points of space &lt;math&gt;X&lt;/math&gt; by their [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Itinerary|itineraries]] with respect to the partition &quot; ([http://www.math.tamu.edu/~nekrash/ Volodymyr Nekrashevych] - [http://www.math.tamu.edu/~nekrash/Preprints/filling.pdf Symbolic dynamics and self-similar groups])

=entropy=
* image entropy &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.astro.cornell.edu/research/projects/compression/entropy.html Image entropy by Dave O'Brien]&lt;/ref&gt;

=equation=

==differential==
differential equations
* exact analytic solutions.
* approximated solution 
** use perturbation theory to approximate the solutions

=Field=
Field is a region in space where each and every point is associated with a value. 

The field types according to the value type:  
* scalar field
** Distance field – Some mapping &lt;math&gt;R^n \to R &lt;/math&gt;, where for any given input the output is the distance to the nearest surface (where the field value is 0).&lt;ref&gt;[https://cglearn.eu/pub/advanced-computer-graphics/fractal-rendering fractal-rendering from cglearn]&lt;/ref&gt;
* vector field, for example gradient field

=Function=
types:
* by application
** map = iterated map
** mappings = transformation of the plane 
* by function type
** polynomial


==  Derivative ==
* Derivative of [[Fractals/Mathematics/Derivative|Iterated function (map)]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathoverflow.net/questions/20688/whats-a-natural-candidate-for-an-analytic-function-that-interpolates-the-tower/43003 mathoverflow question: whats-a-natural-candidate-for-an-analytic-function-that-interpolates-the-tower/43003]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://hoyleanalytics.org/2017/05/20/faa-di-bruno-and-derivatives-of-an-iterated-function/comment-page-1/ Faa di Bruno and derivatives of an iterated function ON MAY 20, 2017 BY DCHOYLE]&lt;/ref&gt;
* of the function f with respect to (wrt) variable 
* following the derivative&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.univ-toulouse.fr/~cheritat/wiki-draw/index.php/Mandelbrot_set#Following_the_derivative A Cheritat wiki: Mandelbrot_set - Following_the_derivative]&lt;/ref&gt;


===angular===
Angular derivative &lt;ref&gt;[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-0887-7%205 Shapiro, J.H. (1993). The Angular Derivative. In: Composition Operators. Universitext: Tracts in Mathematics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0887-7_5]&lt;/ref&gt;
===The Schwarzian Derivative===
The Schwarzian Derivative &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.toronto.edu/burbulla/lecturenotes335/Chapter11.pdf MAT335H1F Lecture Notes by  Burbulla (Chapter 11, 12 and 13)]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;[https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/logm/wp-content/uploads/sites/464/2018/01/Schwarzian-Derivative-Poster.pdf Schwarzian-Derivative-Poster ]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.purdue.edu/~eremenko/dvi/schwarz.pdf Schwarzian derivatives of rational functions by Alex Eremenko]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ams.org/notices/200901/tx090100034p.pdf What is ... Schwarzian Derivative? (Notices of AMS Jan 2009),]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Wirtinger derivatives===


===gradient===
the gradient is the generalization of the derivative for the multivariable functions&lt;ref&gt;[https://betterexplained.com/articles/vector-calculus-understanding-the-gradient/ betterexplained: vector-calculus-understanding-the-gradient]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.khanacademy.org/math/multivariable-calculus/multivariable-derivatives/partial-derivative-and-gradient-articles/a/the-gradient khan academy: the-gradient]&lt;/ref&gt;

definitions:
* (field): Gradient field is the vector field with gradient vector   
* (function): The gradient of a scalar-valued multivariable function &lt;math&gt;f(x, y)&lt;/math&gt;  is a vector-valued function denoted &lt;math&gt;\nabla f &lt;/math&gt; 
* (vector): The gradient of the function f at the point (x,y) is defined as the unique vector (result of gradient function) representing the maximum rate of increase of a scalar function (length of the vector) and the direction of this maximal rate (angle of the vector). Such vector is given by the partial derivatives with respect to each of the independent variables&lt;ref&gt;[http://adl.stanford.edu/aa222/Lecture_Notes_files/AA222-Lecture3.pdf Gradient-Based Optimization by Jason Hicken,  Prof. Juan Alonso, and Prof. Charbel Farhat]&lt;/ref&gt;
* (operator): Del or nabla  is an gradient operator =  a vector differential operator 


&lt;gallery&gt;
Gradient field.png|Gradient 2D field with gradient vectors
Gradient of potential.svg|one gradient vector (red)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

Notations: 

&lt;math&gt; \nabla f(x,y) = [\frac{\partial f}{\partial x},   \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}] = \begin{bmatrix} \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} \\   \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}\end{bmatrix} = \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} \mathbf{i} + \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} \mathbf{j}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\operatorname{grad}f = \nabla f&lt;/math&gt;


See also
* Gradient Descent Algorithm&lt;ref&gt;[https://towardsdatascience.com/gradient-descent-algorithm-and-its-variants-10f652806a3 gradient-descent-algorithm-and-its-variants by Imad Dabbura]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cs.ubc.ca/~ascher/papers/doas1.pdf The chaotic nature of faster gradient descent methods by  Kees van den Doel and Uri Ascher]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Gradient Ascent Algorithm
* image gradient

===Jacobian===
The Jacobian is the generalization of the gradient for vector-valued functions of several variables


===multiplier===

 The multiplier of a fixed point α is the derivative A′(α) calculated in any local chart around α&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.stonybrook.edu/~mlyubich/book.pdf Conformal Geometry and Dynamics of Quadratic Polynomials, vol I-II Mikhail Lyubich, page 61 ]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Germ==

Germ &lt;ref&gt;[[w:Germ (mathematics)|Germ in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt; of the function f in the neighborhood of point z is a set of the functions g which are indistinguishable in that  neighborhood

:&lt;math&gt;[f]_z = \{g : g \sim_z f\}.&lt;/math&gt;

See:
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/parabolic#parabolic germ|parabolic germ]]
* the linearization of a germ&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/0801.2844  Linearization of germs: regular dependence on the multiplier by Carlo Carminati, Stefano Marmi]&lt;/ref&gt;

==map==

* differences between map and the function &lt;ref&gt;[http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/95741/is-there-any-difference-between-mapping-and-function math.stackexchange question: is-there-any-difference-between-mapping-and-function]&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''Iterated function  = map'''&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Iterated function|Iterated function (map) in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* an  evolution function&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Dynamical system (definition)|evolution function]]&lt;/ref&gt; of the discrete nonlinear dynamical system&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Dynamical system|the discrete nonlinear dynamical system]]&lt;/ref&gt;

: &lt;math&gt;z_{n+1} = f(z_n)  \,&lt;/math&gt;

is called map &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt;, examples:
* [[Fractals#Rational_maps|rational maps]]
** [[Fractals/The_Newton-Raphson_fractal|Newton maps]]
** [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/qpolynomials|complex quadratic map]]: &lt;math&gt;f_c : z \to z^2 + c. \,&lt;/math&gt;
* [[Fractals#exponential_families|exponential maps]]
* [[Fractals#trigonometric_families|trigonometric maps]]
* landing map: &quot; A theorem of Caratheodory states that if &lt;math&gt;K \subset \mathbb C&lt;/math&gt; is a full compact and locally connected set, then external rays land and the '''landing map''' &lt;math&gt;\ell: \mathbb R / \mathbb Z \to \partial K&lt;/math&gt; is continuous.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/3846359/why-is-local-connectivity-important-for-polynomial-julia-sets math.stackexchange question: why-is-local-connectivity-important-for-polynomial-julia-sets]&lt;/ref&gt;

==types or names==

===Brjuno===
* Brjuno function

Links:
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHcbvNSwlDM Quelle est la régularité de la fonction de Brjuno ?]

===harmonic===
An harmonic or spherical function is a:
* &quot;set of orthogonal functions all of whose curvatures are changing at the same rate.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://lymcanada.org/58/ riemann-for-anti-dummies by the LaRouche Youth Movement in Canada]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;harmonic functions relate two sets of different curves such that the rate of change of their respective curvatures is always equal. &quot; and they are orthogonal
* &quot;One set of curves of the harmonic function expressed the pathways of minimal change in the potential for action, while the other, orthogonal curves expressed the pathways of maximum change in the potential for action.&quot;
*  &quot;a pair of harmonic conjugate functions, u and v. They satisfy the [[:w:Cauchy–Riemann_equations|Cauchy-Riemann equation]]s. Geometrically, this implies that the contour lines of u and v intersect at right angles&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.chebfun.org/docs/guide/guide16.html chebfun docs]&lt;/ref&gt;

Geometric examples:
* &quot; A set of concentric circles and radial lines comprises an harmonic function because both the circles and the radial lines intersect orthogonally and both have constant curvature.&quot;
* &quot;a set of orthogonal ellipses and hyperbolas.&quot;

How to find harmonic conjugate function ? &lt;ref&gt;[http://mathfaculty.fullerton.edu/mathews/c2003/harmonicfunction/HarmonicFunctionMod.1/HarmonicFunctionMod.13.html HarmonicFunction by (c) 2011 John H. Mathews, Russell W. Howell]&lt;/ref&gt;

===meromorphic===
meromorphic maps: Those with NO FINITE, NON-ATTRACTING FIXED POINTS&lt;ref&gt;[http://wwwf.imperial.ac.uk/~dcheragh/PPAD/slides/Fagella.pdf Connectivity of Julia sets of Newton maps: A unified approach by K. Baranski N. Fagella X. Jarque B. Karpinska]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Polynomial===
====Critical ====

Critical polynomial:

&lt;math&gt;Q_n = f_c^n(z_{cr}) = f_c^n(0) \,&lt;/math&gt;

so

&lt;math&gt;Q_1 = f_c^1(0) = c \,&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Q_2 = f_c^2(0) = c^2 + c \,&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;Q_3 = f_c^3(0) = (c^2 + c)^2 + c \,&lt;/math&gt;

These polynomials are used for finding:
* centers of period n Mandelbrot set components. Centers are roots of n-th critical polynomials &lt;math&gt;centers = \{ c : f_c^n(z_{cr}) = 0 \}\,&lt;/math&gt; (points where [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Critical curves|critical curve]] Qn croses x axis)
* Misiurewicz points &lt;math&gt;M_{n,k} = \{ c : f_c^k(z_{cr}) = f_c^{k+n}(z_{cr}) \}\,&lt;/math&gt;

====post-critically finite====
a post-critically finite polynomial =  all critical points have finite orbit


===Resurgent ===

&quot;resurgent functions display at each of their singular
points a behaviour closely related to their behaviour at
the origin. Loosely speaking, these functions resurrect,
or surge up - in a slightly different guise, as it were - at
their singularities&quot;

J. Écalle, 1980&lt;ref&gt;[http://dunne.physics.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/911/2016/03/dunne_amherst_2016_resurgence.pdf A Beginners’ Guide to Resurgence and Trans-series in Quantum Theories Gerald Dunne]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.10441 A Primer on Resurgent Transseries and Their Asymptotics by Inês Aniceto, Gökçe Başar, Ricardo Schiappa]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1EfcbAZ4xI Universality of Resurgence in Quantization Theories - video]&lt;/ref&gt;


===transformation===
In mathematics, a '''transformation''' is a function ''f'', usually with some geometrical underpinning, that maps a set ''X'' to itself, i.e. {{nowrap|''f'' : ''X'' → ''X''}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author1=Olexandr Ganyushkin|author2=Volodymyr Mazorchuk|title=Classical Finite Transformation Semigroups: An Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/classicalfinitet00gany_719|url-access=limited|year=2008|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-1-84800-281-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/classicalfinitet00gany_719/page/n73 1]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Grillet1995&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Pierre A. Grillet|title=Semigroups: An Introduction to the Structure Theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yM544W1N2UUC&amp;pg=PA2|year=1995|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8247-9662-4|page=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|authors=Wilkinson, Leland &amp; Graham|title=The Grammar of Graphics|publisher=Springer|year=2005|isbn=978-0-387-24544-7|page=29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NRyGnjeNKJIC&amp;pg=PA29|edition=2nd}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples include:
* linear transformations of vector spaces
* geometric transformations
** projective transformations
** affine transformations
*** rotations
*** reflections 
*** translations&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/transformations.html|title=Transformations|website=www.mathsisfun.com|access-date=2019-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.basic-mathematics.com/transformations-in-math.html|title=Types of Transformations in Math|website=Basic-mathematics.com|access-date=2019-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;


====coordinate transformations====
There are often many different possible coordinate systems for describing geometrical figures. The relationship between different systems is described by ''coordinate transformations'', which give formulas for the coordinates in one system in terms of the coordinates in another system. For example, in the plane, if Cartesian coordinates (''x'',&amp;nbsp;''y'') and polar coordinates (''r'',&amp;nbsp;''θ'') have the same origin, and the polar axis is the positive ''x'' axis, then the coordinate transformation from polar to Cartesian coordinates is given by ''x''&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;''r''&amp;nbsp;cos''θ'' and ''y''&amp;nbsp;=&amp;nbsp;''r''&amp;nbsp;sin''θ''.

With every bijection from the space to itself two coordinate transformations can be associated:
* Such that the new coordinates of the image of each point are the same as the old coordinates of the original point (the formulas for the mapping are the inverse of those for the coordinate transformation)
* Such that the old coordinates of the image of each point are the same as the new coordinates of the original point (the formulas for the mapping are the same as those for the coordinate transformation)

For example, in 1D, if the mapping is a translation of 3 to the right, the first moves the origin from 0 to 3, so that the coordinate of each point becomes 3 less, while the second moves the origin from 0 to −3, so that the coordinate of each point becomes 3 more.

===Yoccoz’s function===

=glitches=
[[File:Interior of the Cauliflower Julia set.png|thumb|Interior of the Cauliflower Julia set. .The black structure around fixed point and it's preimages is a numerical error (glitch) }}]]
Definition:
* Incorrect ([[Fractals/Image_noise|noisy]]) parts of renders&lt;ref&gt;[http://dinkydauset.deviantart.com/journal/Perturbation-for-the-Mandelbrot-set-450766847 dinkydauset at deviantar: Perturbation-for-the-Mandelbrot-set-450766847]&lt;/ref&gt; using perturbation technique
* pixels which dynamics differ significantly from the dynamics of the reference pixel&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2552605/selecting-reference-orbit-for-fractal-rendering-with-perturbation-theory math.stackexchange question: selecting-reference-orbit-for-fractal-rendering-with-perturbation-theory]&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;These can be detected and corrected by using a more appropriate reference.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2694546/coloring-the-mandelbrot-set-using-iterated-points?rq=1 math.stackexchange question: coloring-the-mandelbrot-set-using-iterated-points?]&lt;/ref&gt;


Examples:
* [[Fractals/Image_noise#glitches|glitches in perturbation method]]

=graf=
== Dessin d'enfant==
* [[:w:Dessin d'enfant|Wikipedia article: Dessin d'enfant]]
* [[:commons:Category:Dessins d'enfants (mathematics)]]

See also:
* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40598-015-0036-0 Polynomials Invertible in k-Radicals by  Y. Burda, A. Khovanskii]

==Tree==
* tree is a simply connected graph 


See also:
* [https://fractalforums.org/fractal-mathematics-and-new-theories/28/functional-graph-of-modular-arithmetic/4752 fractalforums.org: functional-graph-of-modular-arithmetic]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYUJCUwnvwY&amp;t=2194s Oleg Ivrii (Tel Aviv University), &quot;Shapes of trees&quot;]
===Farey tree===

Farey tree = [[Fractals/Mathematics/sequences#Farey sequence|Farey sequence]] as a tree
===Hubbard tree ===
* a simplified, combinatorial model of the Julia set (MARY WILKERSON)
* &quot;Hubbard trees are finite planar trees, equipped with self-maps, which classify postcritically finite polynomials as holomorphic dynamical systems on the complex plane.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9905170 Dessins d’enfants and Hubbard trees by Kevin M. Pilgrim]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot; Hubbard trees are invariant trees connecting the points of the critical orbits of post-critically finite polynomials. Douady and Hubbard showed in the Orsay Notes that they encode all combinatorial properties of the Julia sets. For quadratic polynomials, one can describe the dynamics as a subshift on two symbols, and itinerary of the critical value is called the kneading sequence.&quot; Henk Bruin and Dierk Schleicher&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/0801.4662 Admissibility of kneading sequences and structure of Hubbard trees for quadratic polynomials by Henk Bruin, Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;
* the Hubbard tree is the convex hull of the critical orbits within the filled Julia set, i.e., the complement of the basion of infinity

===Rooted tree ===
[[:w:Tree (graph theory)|rooted tree]] of preimages:

:&lt;math&gt;T_f := \bigsqcup_{n\ge 0}f^{-n}(t),&lt;/math&gt;

where a vertex &lt;math&gt;z\in f^{-n}(t)&lt;/math&gt; is connected by an edge with &lt;math&gt;f(z)\in f^{-(n-1)}(t)&lt;/math&gt;.

=Iteration=

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/q-iterations|Iteration]]

=Magnitude =
* magnitude of the point (complex number in 2D case) = it's distance from the origin&lt;ref&gt;[[:wikipedia:Magnitude_(mathematics)|wikipedia: Magnitude in mathematics]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* radius is the absolute value of complex number (compare to arguments or angle)

=Map=
[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#map|description]]

==types==
* The map f is '''hyperbolic''' if every critical orbit converges to a periodic orbit.&lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.2668 Hyperbolic Components by John Milnor]&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Complex quadratic map ===

====Forms====

=====c form: z^2+c=====
[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/qpolynomials|quadratic map]]&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Complex quadratic polynomial|Complex quadratic map in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* math notation: &lt;math&gt;f_c(z)=z^2+c\,&lt;/math&gt; 
* Maxima CAS function:
 f(z,c):=z*z+c;

&lt;pre&gt;
(%i1) z:zx+zy*%i;
(%o1) %i*zy+zx
(%i2) c:cx+cy*%i;
(%o2) %i*cy+cx
(%i3) f:z^2+c;
(%o3) (%i*zy+zx)^2+%i*cy+cx
(%i4) realpart(f);
(%o4) -zy^2+zx^2+cx
(%i5) imagpart(f);
(%o5) 2*zx*zy+cy
&lt;/pre&gt;

'''Iterated quadratic map'''

* math notation

:&lt;math&gt; \ f^{(0)} _c (z) =   z = z_0&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt; \ f^{(1)} _c (z) =   f_c(z) = z_1&lt;/math&gt;
...
:&lt;math&gt; \ f^{(p)} _c (z) =   f_c(f^{(p-1)} _c (z))&lt;/math&gt; 
or with subscripts:
:&lt;math&gt; \ z_p =  f^{(p)} _c (z_0) &lt;/math&gt;

* Maxima CAS function:

 fn(p, z, c) :=
   if p=0 then z
   elseif p=1 then f(z,c)
   else f(fn(p-1, z, c),c);

 zp:fn(p, z, c);

=====lambda form: z^2+m*z=====

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/qpolynomials#z.5E2 .2B m.2Az|More description]] 
Maxima CAS code (here m not lambda is used):
&lt;pre&gt;
(%i2) z:zx+zy*%i;
(%o2) %i*zy+zx
(%i3) m:mx+my*%i;
(%o3) %i*my+mx
(%i4) f:m*z+z^2;
(%o4) (%i*zy+zx)^2+(%i*my+mx)*(%i*zy+zx)
(%i5) realpart(f);
(%o5) -zy^2-my*zy+zx^2+mx*zx
(%i6) imagpart(f);
(%o6) 2*zx*zy+mx*zy+my*zx
&lt;/pre&gt;

===== Switching between forms =====
Start from: 
* internal [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Angle|angle]] &lt;math&gt;\theta = \frac {p}{q} &lt;/math&gt;
* internal radius r

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier|Multiplier]] of fixed point:

:&lt;math&gt;\lambda = r e^{2 \pi \theta i} &lt;/math&gt;

When one wants change  from lambda to c:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ams.org/jams/2001-14-01/S0894-0347-00-00348-9/S0894-0347-00-00348-9.pdf Michael Yampolsky, Saeed Zakeri: Mating Siegel quadratic polynomials. ]&lt;/ref&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;c = c(\lambda) = \frac {\lambda}{2} \left(1 - \frac {\lambda}{2}\right) = \frac {\lambda}{2} - \frac {\lambda^2}{4} &lt;/math&gt;

or from c to lambda:

:&lt;math&gt;\lambda = \lambda(c) = 1 \pm  \sqrt{1- 4 c}&lt;/math&gt;

Example values:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; !! r !! c !! fixed point alfa &lt;math&gt;z_c &lt;/math&gt; !! &lt;math&gt;\lambda &lt;/math&gt; !! fixed point &lt;math&gt;z_{\lambda} &lt;/math&gt;
|-
| 1/1 || 1.0 || 0.25 || 0.5 || 1.0 || 0
|-
| 1/2 ||1.0 || -0.75 || -0.5 || -1.0 || 0 
|-
| 1/3 || 1.0 ||0.64951905283833*i-0.125 || 0.43301270189222*i-0.25 || 0.86602540378444*i-0.5 || 0
|-
| 1/4 || 1.0 ||0.5*i+0.25 || 0.5*i || i || 0
|-
| 1/5 || 1.0 ||0.32858194507446*i+0.35676274578121 || 0.47552825814758*i+0.15450849718747 || 0.95105651629515*i+0.30901699437495 || 0
|-
| 1/6 || 1.0 ||0.21650635094611*i+0.375 || 0.43301270189222*i+0.25 || 0.86602540378444*i+0.5 || 0
|-
| 1/7 || 1.0 ||0.14718376318856*i+0.36737513441845 || 0.39091574123401*i+0.31174490092937 || 0.78183148246803*i+0.62348980185873 || 0
|-
| 1/8 || 1.0 ||0.10355339059327*i+0.35355339059327 || 0.35355339059327*i+0.35355339059327 || 0.70710678118655*i+0.70710678118655 || 0
|-
| 1/9 || 1.0 ||0.075191866590218*i+0.33961017714276 || 0.32139380484327*i+0.38302222155949 || 0.64278760968654*i+0.76604444311898 || 0
|-
| 1/10 || 1.0 ||0.056128497072448*i+0.32725424859374 || 0.29389262614624*i+0.40450849718747 || 0.58778525229247*i+0.80901699437495 ||
|}

One can easily compute parameter c as a point c inside main cardioid of Mandelbrot set:

&lt;math&gt; c = c_x + c_y*i &lt;/math&gt;

of period 1 hyperbolic component (main cardioid) for given [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Angle|internal angle]] (rotation number) t using this c / [[C++ Programming|cpp]] code by Wolf Jung&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mndynamics.com/indexp.html Mandel: software for real and complex dynamics by Wolf Jung]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;c&quot;&gt;
 double InternalAngleInTurns;
 double InternalRadius;
 double t = InternalAngleInTurns *2*M_PI; // from turns to radians
 double R2 = InternalRadius * InternalRadius;
 double Cx, Cy; /* C = Cx+Cy*i */
 // main cardioid
 Cx = (cos(t)*InternalRadius)/2-(cos(2*t)*R2)/4; 
 Cy = (sin(t)*InternalRadius)/2-(sin(2*t)*R2)/4; 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

or this [[Maxima|Maxima CAS]] code: 
&lt;pre&gt;
 
/* conformal map  from circle to cardioid (boundary
 of period 1 component of Mandelbrot set */
F(w):=w/2-w*w/4;

/* 
circle D={w:abs(w)=1 } where w=l(t,r) 
t is angle in turns ; 1 turn = 360 degree = 2*Pi radians 
r is a radius 
*/
ToCircle(t,r):=r*%e^(%i*t*2*%pi);

GiveC(angle,radius):=
(
 [w],
 /* point of  unit circle   w:l(internalAngle,internalRadius); */
 w:ToCircle(angle,radius),  /* point of circle */
 float(rectform(F(w)))    /* point on boundary of period 1 component of Mandelbrot set */
)$

compile(all)$

/* ---------- global constants &amp; var ---------------------------*/
Numerator :1;
DenominatorMax :10;
InternalRadius:1;

/* --------- main -------------- */
for Denominator:1 thru DenominatorMax step 1 do
(
 InternalAngle: Numerator/Denominator,
 c: GiveC(InternalAngle,InternalRadius),
 display(Denominator),
 display(c),
  /* compute fixed point */
 alfa:float(rectform((1-sqrt(1-4*c))/2)), /* alfa fixed point */
 display(alfa)
 )$

&lt;/pre&gt;

===Circle map===

Circle map &lt;ref&gt;[http://divisbyzero.com/2009/06/18/three-cool-facts-about-rotations-of-the-circle/ three-cool-facts-about-rotations-of-the-circle by David Richeson]&lt;/ref&gt;
* irrational rotation&lt;ref&gt;[http://divisbyzero.com/2010/09/08/irrational-rotations-of-the-circle-and-benfords-law/ irrational-rotations-of-the-circle-and-benfords-law by David Richeson]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Caratheodory semiconjugacy ===

&quot;The map &lt;math&gt;\gamma :  \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z} \to J_c&lt;/math&gt;  is called the Caratheodory semiconjugacy, with the associated identity 

 &lt;math&gt;\gamma(2*t) = f_c(\gamma(t))&lt;/math&gt; 

in the degree 2 case. This identity allows us to easily track forward iteration of external rays and their landing points in &lt;math&gt;J_c&lt;/math&gt; by doubling the angle of their associated external rays modulo 1.&quot; Mary Wilkerson&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.07111 Subdivision rule constructions on critically preperiodic quadratic matings by  Mary Wilkerson]&lt;/ref&gt;

where
* &lt;math&gt; \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z} &lt;/math&gt; is the real numbers modulo the integers group ( quotient group )&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Quotient_group|Quotient group ]]&lt;/ref&gt; which is isomorphic to the circle group&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Circle_group|Circle group in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;  
** the group of complex numbers of absolute value 1 under multiplication
** or correspondingly, the group of rotations in 2D about the origin, that is, the special orthogonal group &lt;math&gt;\mbox{SO}(2)&lt;/math&gt;
* a  dyadic rational number &lt;math&gt;\theta \in S^1=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}&lt;/math&gt;
An isomorphism is given by &lt;math&gt;f(a+\Z) = \exp(2\pi ia)&lt;/math&gt; (see Euler's identity).

=== Doubling map ===

[[Fractals/Mathematics/doubling|Angle doubling map]] 

: &lt;math&gt;T(x) = (2 x) \bmod 1&lt;/math&gt;

=== Feigenbaum map===
* &quot;the Feigenbaum map F is a solution of Cvitanovic-Feigenbaum equation&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.stonybrook.edu/~artem/FeigMeas.pdf The measure of the Feigenbaum Julia set by Artem Dudko and Scott Sutherland]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Feigenbaum quadratic polynomials (= [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Feigenbaum|Feigenbaum point of parameter plane]])  , i.e., infinitely renormalizable polynomials of bounded type.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.02107 MLC at Feigenbaum points by Dzmitry Dudko, Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;

===First return map===

* definition &lt;ref&gt;[[w:Poincaré map|Poincaré map]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbnFQJPwZoI Intro to Poincare map (Poincaré), the first return map. This map helps us determine the stability of a limit cycle using the eigenvalues (Floquet multipliers) associated with the map.]

&quot;In contrast to a phase portrait, the return map is a discrete description of the underlying dynamics. .... A return map (plot) is generated by plotting one return value of the time series against the previous one &quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/31/3/332.full.pdf General principles of chaotic dynamics by P.B. Persson, C.D. Wagner]&lt;/ref&gt;

&quot;If x is a periodic point of period p for f and U is a neighborhood of x, the composition  &lt;math&gt;f^{\circ p}\,&lt;/math&gt;  maps U to another neighborhood V of x. This locally defined map is the return map for x.&quot;  (W P Thurston: On the geometry and dynamics of Iterated rational maps)

&quot;The first return map S → S is the map defined by sending each x0 ∈ S to the point of S where the orbit of x0 under the system first returns to S.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.maths.qmul.ac.uk/~sb/cf_chapter1.pdf Continuous time and discrete time dynamical systems by Shaun Bullett]&lt;/ref&gt;

&quot;way to obtain a discrete time system from a continuous time system, called the method of Poincar´e sections Poincar´e sections take us from: continuous time dynamical systems on (n + 1)-dimensional spaces to discrete time dynamical systems on n-dimensional spaces&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.maths.qmul.ac.uk/~sb/cf_chapter1.pdf Continuous time and discrete time dynamical systems by Shaun Bullett]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== postcritically finite ===
postcritically finite: maps whose critical orbits are all periodic or preperiodic&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ams.org/journals/jams/2009-22-01/S0894-0347-08-00609-7/S0894-0347-08-00609-7.pdf EXPONENTIAL THURSTON MAPS AND LIMITS OF QUADRATIC DIFFERENTIALS by JOHN HUBBARD, DIERK SCHLEICHER, AND MITSUHIRO SHISHIKURA]&lt;/ref&gt;

   &quot; In the theory of iterated rational maps, the easiest maps to understand are postcritically finite: maps whose critical orbits are all periodic or preperiodic. These maps are also the most important maps for understanding the combinatorial structure of parameter spaces of rational maps. &quot;

A postcritically finite quadratic polynomial fc(z) = z^2+c may be:&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.04177 The Thurston Algorithm for quadratic matings by Wolf Jung]&lt;/ref&gt;
* periodic of satellite type
* periodic of primitive type
* critically preperiodic (Misiurewicz type)

Examples are given by:
* the Basilica Q(z) = z^2 − 1
* the Kokopelli
* P(z) = z^2 + i (dendrite)

====Critically preperiodic polynomials====
*  the critical point of fc is strictly preperiodic 
* parameter c is from Thurston-Misiurewicz points–values on the boundary of the Mandelbrot set = Misiurewicz point
* Julia set is dendrite

===Multiplier map===
[[File:Mandelbrot set - multiplier map.png|thumb|right|Mandelbrot set - multiplier map]]
[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Mandelbrot_set_interior#internal_coordinate_and_multiplier_map|Multiplier map]] &lt;math&gt; \lambda &lt;/math&gt; associated with hyperbolic component &lt;math&gt;\Eta&lt;/math&gt;  
* gives an explicit uniformization of hyperbolic component &lt;math&gt;\Eta&lt;/math&gt; by the unit disk &lt;math&gt;\mathbb{D} &lt;/math&gt;:
* it is (d-1) to one function. Where d is a degree of iterated function
&lt;math&gt; \lambda_p : \Eta \to \mathbb{D} &lt;/math&gt;

In other words it maps hyperbolic component  H to unit disk D.

It maps point c from parameter plane to point b from reference plane:

&lt;math&gt; \lambda_p (c) = b &lt;/math&gt;

where: 
* c is a point in the parameter plane
* b is a point in the reference plane. It is also internal coordinate
*  &lt;math&gt; \lambda&lt;/math&gt;  is a multiplier map

Multiplier map is a conformal isomorphism.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.sunysb.edu/~mlyubich/book.pdf Conformal Geometry and Dynamics of Quadratic Polynomials Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;

It can be computed using:
* [[Fractals/Mathematics/Newton method#internal coordinate|Newton method: internal_coordinate by Claude Heiland-Allen]]
* [[Fractals/mandelbrot-numerics#m-interior| m-interior function ]]
* [http://Fractals/Mathematics/Derivative#First_derivative_wrt_z First derivative wrt z]

Approximation
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOxs1vLgQ_M Mapping a polar grid onto the Mandelbrot Set on iteration at a time.by Maths town]

===Quadratic like maps===
quadratic like maps  is nothing but complexification of the concept of unimodal map&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhwPuOei0rI YouTube: Mikhail Lyubich:  Story of the Feigenbaum point.  Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques]&lt;/ref&gt;


===Riemann map===
Riemann mapping theorem&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Riemann_mapping_theorem|wikipedia: Riemann mapping theorem]]&lt;/ref&gt; says that every simply connected subset U of the complex number plane  can be mapped to the open unit disk D

&lt;math&gt; f : U \to D &lt;/math&gt;

where: 
* D is a unit disk  &lt;math&gt;D = \{z\in \mathbf{C} : |z| &lt; 1\}.&lt;/math&gt;
* f is Riemann map (function). It is 1to-1 function
* U is subset of complex plane

&lt;gallery&gt;
Mandelbrot set - multiplier map.png|Multiplier map
Douady Rabbit Julia set with modified binary decomposition.png|BDM
Basilica Julia set, level curves of escape and attraction time, external rays.png|MBDM
Julia set c = -1.05204872 DLD.png|DLD
Basilica Julia set - Stripe Average Coloring.png|SAC
Basilica 9alg.png| zeros of qn algorithm
&lt;/gallery&gt;

Examples (approximations of Riemann mapping): 
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier map|multiplier map]] on the parameter plane
* binary decomposition
* Böttcher coordinates 
** on the parameter plane the Riemann map for the complement of the Mandelbrot set 
** on dynamic plane&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1201.4225.pdf A THOMPSON GROUP FOR THE BASILICA by JAMES BELK AND BRADLEY FORREST]&lt;/ref&gt;
*** for the Fatou component containing a superattracting fixed point for a rational map&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/43796/explicit-riemann-mappings math stackexchange question: explicit-riemann-mappings]&lt;/ref&gt;
*** a Riemann map for the complement of the filled Julia set of a quadratic polynomial with connected Julia: &quot;The Riemann map for the central component for the Basilica was drawn in essentially the same way, except that instead of starting with points on a big circle, I started with sample points on a circle of small radius (e.g. 0.00001) around the origin.&quot; Jim Belk
* [[Fractals/mandel#algorithm_9_:_zeros_of_qn(c)|zeros of qn algorithm]]


function:
* explicit formula (only in simple cases)
* numerical approximation (in most of the cases)&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathoverflow.net/questions/191529/complex-function-for-mapping-a-circle-to-a-superellipse mathoverflow question: complex-function-for-mapping-a-circle-to-a-superellipse]&lt;/ref&gt;
** Zipper 
*** https://code.google.com/archive/p/zipper/
*** https://sites.math.washington.edu/~marshall/zipper.html
**&quot; Thurston and others have done some beautiful work involving approximating arbitrary Riemann maps using circle packings.  See Circle Packing: A Mathematical Tale by Stephenson.&quot;
**&quot; To some extent, constructing a Riemann map is simply a matter of constructing a harmonic function on a given domain (as well as the associated harmonic conjugate), subject to certain boundary conditions.  The solution to such problems is a huge topic of research in the study of PDE's, although the connection with Riemann maps is rarely mentioned.&quot; Jim Belk&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/43796/explicit-riemann-mappings math.stackexchange question: explicit-riemann-mappings]&lt;/ref&gt;

PDE's approach to construct a Riemann map explicitly on a given domain D 
*First, translate the domain so that it contains the origin.  
* Next, use a numerical method to construct a harmonic function F satisfying
  &lt;math&gt; F(z) \;=\; -\log |z| &lt;/math&gt;
for all &lt;math&gt;z\in\partial D&lt;/math&gt;, and let

  &lt;math&gt;R(z) = |z|e^{F(z)}&lt;/math&gt;

Then 
* &lt;math&gt;R(0) = 0&lt;/math&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;R|_{\partial D} \equiv 1&lt;/math&gt;
* and &lt;math&gt;\log R&lt;/math&gt; is harmonic

so:
* R is the  radial component (i.e. modulus) of a Riemann map on D. 
* The angular component can now be determined by the fact that its level curves are perpendicular to the level curves of R, and have equal angular spacing near the origin.&quot;


 &quot;Using the Riemann mapping BM we can define the parameter external rays and equipotentials as the preimages of the straight rays going to ∞ and round circles centered at 0. This gives us two orthogonal foliations in the complement of the Mandelbrot set.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9503215 Dynamics of quadratic polynomials, I: Combinatorics and geometry of the Yoccoz puzzle by Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;


See 
* [[:commons:Category:Riemann mapping|Commons: Category:Riemann mapping]]
* A Riemann map on the central component&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1201.4225.pdf A THOMPSON GROUP FOR THE BASILICA by JAMES BELK AND BRADLEY FORREST]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Some internal rays of the Basilica&lt;ref&gt;[https://e.math.cornell.edu/people/belk/projects/YuanLiu.pdf Graph Replacement Systems for Julia Sets of Quadratic Polynomials by Yuan J. Liu]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The Bottcher Map B gives rise to internal angles in each bubble&lt;ref&gt;[https://e.math.cornell.edu/people/belk/projects/JasperWeinrichBurd.pdf A Thompson-Like Group for the Bubble Bath Julia Set by Jasper Weinrich-Burd]ref&lt;/ref&gt;

===Rotation map===

      &quot;If a is rational, then every point is periodic. If a is irrational, then every point has a dense orbit.&quot; David Richeson&lt;ref&gt;[https://divisbyzero.com/2009/06/18/three-cool-facts-about-rotations-of-the-circle/ three-cool-facts-about-rotations-of-the-circle by David Richeson]&lt;/ref&gt;


====rational ====
Rotation map   &lt;math&gt;R&lt;/math&gt; describes counterclockwise rotation of point &lt;math&gt; \theta&lt;/math&gt; thru   &lt;math&gt; \frac{p}{q}&lt;/math&gt; turns on the unit circle:

  &lt;math&gt; R_{\frac{p}{q}}(\theta) = \theta + \frac{p}{q}  &lt;/math&gt;

It is used for computing:
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Itinerary|itinerary]]

&lt;gallery caption=&quot;rotation maps &quot;&gt;
File:Rotation with rational angle 3 over 7.svg
File:Rotation with rational angle 13 over 34.svg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

====irrational====
* [http://images.math.cnrs.fr/Tourner-en-rond-avec-une-rotation.html?lang=fr ROTATE IN A CIRCLE WITH A ROTATION  by  Sylvie Ruette (in fr.)]
* [[:w:Irrational rotation|Wikipedia: Irrational rotation]]

===Shift map===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Shift Left and Shift Arithmetic Left.svg
&lt;/gallery&gt;


names: 
* bit shift map (because it shifts the bit) = if the value of an iterate is written in binary notation, the next iterate is obtained by shifting the binary point one bit to the right, and if the bit to the left of the new binary point is a &quot;one&quot;, replacing it with a zero. 
* 2x mod 1 map (because it is math description of its action)

Shift map (one-sided binary left shift) acts on one-sided infinite sequence of binary numbers by

  &lt;math&gt; \sigma(b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots) = (b_2, b_3, b_4, \ldots)&lt;/math&gt;

It just drops first digit of the sequence.

   &lt;math&gt; \sigma^2(S) = \sigma(\sigma(S))&lt;/math&gt;

   &lt;math&gt;\sigma^k(b_1 b_2 \ldots) = b_{k+1} b_{k+2} \ldots&lt;/math&gt;

If we treat sequence as a binary fraction:

  &lt;math&gt; x = 0.b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots&lt;/math&gt;

then shift map = the dyadic transformation = dyadic map = bit shift map= 2x &amp;nbsp;mod&amp;nbsp;1 map =  Bernoulli map = doubling map = sawtooth map

  &lt;math&gt; \sigma(x) = 2 x \bmod 1&lt;/math&gt;

and &quot;shifting N places left is the same as multiplying by 2 to the power N (written as 2N)&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xcprod.com/titan/XCSB-DOC/binary_shift_left.html binary_shift_left ]&lt;/ref&gt;
([[C Programming/Simple math#shift left|operator &lt;&lt;]])

In Haskell:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=haskell&gt;
 shift k = genericTake q . genericDrop k . cycle  -- shift map
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

See also:
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/p misiurewicz|How to compute external angles of principal Misiurewicz points of wakes?]]
* [https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/106722/1/WRAP%20Theses%20Penrose%201990.pdf On quotients of the shift associated with dendrite Julia sets of quadratic polynomials by Christopher Penrose Published 1990]
* [https://marksmath.org/classes/Fall2017ChaosAndFractals/chaos_and_fractals/subsection-sequence_space.html subsection-sequence_space by Mark McClure]
===Dehn twist===

Dehn twist&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Dehn_twist|Dehn_twist in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;

=Number=

==complex number==
* numerical value: x+y*i
* vector from origin to point (x,y)
* point (x,y) od 2D Cartesion plain 
==constant==
===Fegenbaum constant===
* first (delta)&lt;ref&gt;[http://keithbriggs.info/feigenbaum.html Feigenbaum constants]&lt;/ref&gt;
* second (alpha)


How to compute:
* [http://keithbriggs.info/documents/how-to-calc.pdf Keith Briggs: How to calculate ]
* [https://github.com/hendricson/FeigenbaumScaling octave program by Anton Hendricson]
* [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21911467/how-to-calculate-the-feigenbaum-constant-via-matlab python program by cdlane]
* [https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Feigenbaum_constant_calculation  Rosettacode]
* [https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.02357 An efficient method for the computation of the Feigenbaum constants to high precision by Andrea Molteni (Submitted on 7 Feb 2016)]
==degree==
It hase many meanings:&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Degree|Degree in Wikipedia (disambiguation page)]]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* unit of the angle
* degree of a function
** polynomial
** rational function&lt;ref&gt;[https://fractalforums.org/fractal-mathematics-and-new-theories/28/definitions-of-degree-of-rational-function/3904 fractalforums.org: definitions-of-degree-of-rational-function]&lt;/ref&gt;
== Multiplier  ==

The multiplier of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Periodic point|periodic z-point]]:&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings|Multiplier at wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://users.math.yale.edu/public_html/People/frame/Fractals/MandelSet/MandelCombinatorics/IntAng/IntAng.html Internal angles and multipliers from Fractal Geometry  Yale University Michael Frame, Benoit Mandelbrot (1924-2010), and Nial Neger September 3, 2017]&lt;/ref&gt;
* is a complex number
* &quot;The value of &lt;math&gt;(f^p)^\prime&lt;/math&gt; is the same at any point in the orbit of a: it is called the multiplier of the cycle.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.univ-toulouse.fr/~cheritat/wiki-draw/index.php/Mandelbrot_set#Following_the_derivative A Cheritat wiki-draw: Mandelbrot_set#Following_the_derivative]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The multiplier is invariant under [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Topological_conjugacy|conjugacy]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://scholarpedia.org/article/Siegel%20disks/Linearization scholarpedia: Siegel disks Linearization]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Linearizability depends on the multiplier


Math notation:

&lt;math&gt;\lambda_c(z) = \frac{df_c^{(p)}(z)}{dz}\,&lt;/math&gt;

Maxima CAS function for computing multiplier of periodic cycle:

 m(p):=diff(fn(p,z,c),z,1);

where p is a period. It takes period as an input, not z point.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! period !! &lt;math&gt;f^p(z) \,&lt;/math&gt; !! &lt;math&gt;\lambda_c(z) \,&lt;/math&gt;
|-
| 1 || &lt;math&gt;z^2 + c \,&lt;/math&gt;  || &lt;math&gt;2z \,&lt;/math&gt; 
|-
| 2 || &lt;math&gt;z^4 + 2cz^2 + c^2 + c&lt;/math&gt; || &lt;math&gt;4z^3 + 4cz&lt;/math&gt;
|-
| 3 || &lt;math&gt;z^8 + 4cz^6 + 6c^2z^4 + 2cz^4 + 4c^3z^2 + 4c^2z^2 + c^4 + 2c^3 + c^2 + c&lt;/math&gt; || &lt;math&gt;8z^7 + 24cz^5 + 24c^2z^3 + 8cz^3 + 8c^3z + 8c^2z&lt;/math&gt;
|}


It is used to:
* compute stability index of periodic orbit (periodic point) = &lt;math&gt;|\lambda| = r &lt;/math&gt;  (where r is a n internal radius)
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier map|multiplier map]]


&quot;The multiplier of a fixed point gives information about its stability (the behaviour of nearby orbits)&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.stonybrook.edu/~dimitriosnt/caft2018/slides/Fagella.pdf Periodic cycles and singular values of entire transcendental functions by Anna Miriam Benini and Nuria Fagella]&lt;/ref&gt;


See also:
* [http://Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Multiplier_map multiplier map]
* Buff, Xavier. “VIRTUALLY REPELLING FIXED POINTS.” Publicacions Matemàtiques, vol. 47, no. 1, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003, pp. 195–209, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43736773.

==Rotation number==
The rotation number&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Rotation number|Wikipedia: Rotation number]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/rotationnumber.html rotation number From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2016]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Rotation_theory scholarpedia: Rotation_theory]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://math.bu.edu/DYSYS/FRACGEOM2/node4.html#SECTION00040000000000000000  The Fractal Geometry of the Mandelbrot Set  II. How to Count and How to Add  Robert L. Devaney]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://dsweb.siam.org/Education/an-introduction-to-rotation-theory  An Introduction to Rotation Theory Prize winner, DSWeb Student Competition, 2007 By Christian Kue]&lt;/ref&gt;
of the disk (component) attached to the main cardioid of the Mandelbrot set is a proper, positive rational number p/q in lowest terms where:  
* q is a period of attached disk (child period) = the period of the attractive cycles of the Julia sets in the attached disk
* p describes fc action on the cycle: fc turns clockwise around z0 jumping, in each iteration, p points of the cycle &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dma.fi.upm.es/docencia/MasterCACI/2012-2013/SistemasComplejos/  Complex systems simulation Curso 2012-2013 by     Antonio Giraldo   and  María Asunción Sastre]&lt;/ref&gt;

Features: 
* in a contact point (root point)  it agrees with [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Rotation number|the internal angle]]  
* the rotation numbers are ordered clockwise along the boundary of the componant
* &quot; For parameters c in the p/q-limb, the filled Julia set Kc has q components at the fixed point αc . These are permuted cyclically by the quadratic polynomial fc(z), going p steps counterclockwise &quot; Wolf Jung

==Winding number==
* of the map (iterated function)&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MapWindingNumber.html Weisstein, Eric W. &quot;Map Winding Number.&quot; From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MapWindingNumber.html]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Rotation_number|Wikipedia: Rotation number]]&lt;/ref&gt;
** &quot;the winding number of the dynamic ray at angle a around the critical value, which is defined as follows: denoting the point on the dynamic a-ray at potential t greater or equal to zero by zt and decreasing t from +infinity to 0, the winding number is the total change of arg(zt - c) (divided by 2*Pi so as to count in full turns). Provided that the critical value is not on the dynamic ray or at its landing point, the winding number is well-defined and finite and depends continuously on the parameter. &quot; DIERK SCHLEICHER &lt;ref&gt;[http://dynamics.user.jacobs-university.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/DouadyPaper2015_red.pdf RATIONAL PARAMETER RAYS OF THE MANDELBROT SET by Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;
** &quot;the winding number of the dynamic ray at angle ϑ around the critical value, which is defined as follows: denoting the point on the dynamic ϑ-ray at potential t ≥ 0 by zt and decreasing t from +∞ to 0, the winding number is the total change of arg(zt − c) (divided by 2π so as to count in full turns). Provided that the critical value is not on the dynamic ray or at its landing point, the winding number is well-defined and finite and depends continuously on the parameter. When the parameter c moves in a small circle around c0 and if the winding number is defined all the time, then it must change by an integer corresponding to the multiplicity of c as a root of z(c) − c. However, when the parameter returns back to where it started, the winding number must be restored to what it was before. This requires a discontinuity of the winding number, so there are parameters arbitrarily close to c0 for which the critical value is on the dynamic ray at angle ϑ, and c0 is a limit point of the parameter ray at angle ϑ. Since this parameter ray lands, it lands at c0.&quot;

* of the curve &lt;ref&gt;https://plus.maths.org/content/winding-numbers-topography-and-topology-ii&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/empet/Math/blob/master/Winding-Number.ipynb Winding-Number by empet]&lt;/ref&gt;
** the winding number of a curve is the number of complete rotations, in the counterclockwise sense, of the curve around the point(0, 0).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089812211300669X Finding the number of roots of a polynomial in a plane region using the winding number by Juan Luis García Zapataa, Juan Carlos Díaz Martín]&lt;/ref&gt;
** w(γ, x) = number of times curve γ winds round point x. The winding number is signed: + for counterclockwise, − for clockwise.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.stat.washington.edu/mmp/geometry/reading-group17/html/145Notes2015.pdf MATH 145: SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES by VIN DE SILVA] &lt;/ref&gt;


Computing winding number of the curve (which is not crossing the origin) using:
* numerical integration
* computational geometry

The discrete winding number = winding number of polygon approximating curve

=Orbit=
Orbit is a [[Fractals/Mathematics/sequences|sequence]] of points&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Orbit_(dynamics)|Wikipedia: Orbit (dynamics)]]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* phase space trajectories of dynamical systems
* The orbit of periodic point is finite and it is called a cycle.
 
==Backward==
==Critical ==
[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/critical_orbit|Critical orbit]] is forward orbit of a critical point.

==Forward==

==Homoclinic / heteroclinic==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Homoclinic.svg|homoclinic orbit
File:Heteroclinic orbit in pendulum phaseportrait.png|Heteroclinic orbit
&lt;/gallery&gt;


==Inverse==
Inverse = Backward


==periodic==

==skipped==
* set containing first n iterations of initial point without initial point and its k iterations 
* number of elements = n - k 

&lt;math&gt;\mathcal O _{n,k} (z) =  \{z_{n-k}, z_{n-k+1}, \ldots z_n\}&lt;/math&gt;

It is used in the average colorings 

==truncated==
* set containing initial point and first n iterations of initial point
* number of elements = n+1 

&lt;math&gt;\mathcal O _n (z) = \{z, f(z), \ldots f^n(z)\} = \{z_0, z_1, \ldots z_n\}&lt;/math&gt;

=Parameter=

Parameter 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Points|point]] of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Parameter_plane|the parameter plane]] &quot; is '''[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Renormalization|renormalizable]]''' if restriction of some of its iterate gives a polinomial-like map of the same or lower degree. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/MSet/Fagella2.html Ouadratic-like maps and Renormalization by Nuria Fagella]&lt;/ref&gt;
* parameter of the function

=Period=

Period of point &lt;math&gt;z_0&lt;/math&gt; under the iterarted function f is the smallest positive integer value  p for which this equality 
 &lt;math&gt; f^p(z_0) = z_0 &lt;/math&gt;
holds is the period&lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/period.html Peiod From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2015.]&lt;/ref&gt; of the orbit.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Periodic_orbit#Periodic_Orbit_for_a_Map scholarpedia: Periodic Orbit for a Map]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;math&gt; z_0 &lt;/math&gt; is a point of periodic orbit (limit cycle) &lt;math&gt;\{z_0, \dots , z_{p-1} \}&lt;/math&gt;.

More is [[Fractals/Mathematics/Period|here]]

=Plane=
Planes &lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Complex quadratic polynomial#Planes|Wikipedia: Complex quadratic polynomial - Planes]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Douady’s principle: “sow in dynamical plane and reap in parameter space”.


==2-sphere==

In topology:  two-dimensional sphere = 2-sphere = the two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional ball&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:N-sphere|N-sphere in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Geometrically, the set of extended complex numbers is referred to as the Riemann sphere or extended complex plane.

==partition==
Examples:

* Markow partition
* Yoccoz puzzle
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_4|critical portrait]]
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Lamination|lamination]]

=== critical portrait partition ===

A [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_4|critical portrait]] naturally induces partitions: Df , If , and Pf of the closed unit disk D, the unit circle T, and the plane C, respectively;

===Kneading partition of the dynamic plane ===
In case of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#postcritically_finite|critically preperiodic polynomials]] the partition of the dynamic plane used in the definition of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#kneading_sequence|the kneading sequence]].

Partition is formed by the dynamic rays at angles:
*  t/2 
* (t + 1)/2
which land together at [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_3|the critical point]]. 

Angle t is angle which lands on [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_3|the critical value]]:

: &lt;math&gt; z = c &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 4.svg| t = 1/4 preperiod = 2 period = 1
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 6.svg| t = 1/6 preperiod = 1  and  period = 2
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 9 56.svg| t = 9/56  preperiod = 3  and  period = 3


&lt;/gallery&gt;


[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/dynamic_external_rays#How_to_find_angle_of_the_external_ray_that_land_on_the_critical_values_z=_c_?|How to find angle of the dynamic external ray that land on the critical value z = c ?]]

===Spine partition of the dynamic plane ===
Curve &lt;math&gt;R\,&lt;/math&gt;:

&lt;math&gt;R\   \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \  R_{1/2}\ \cup\  S_c\  \cup \ R_0 \,&lt;/math&gt;

where:
* R is an dynamic external ray 
* S is [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Spine|the spine of Julia set]]
* the angles 0 and 1/2 are landing at the fixed point &lt;math&gt;\beta_c&lt;/math&gt; and at its preimage &lt;math&gt;- \beta_c&lt;/math&gt;

divides dynamical plane into two components.

&lt;gallery&gt;
Rabbit Julia set with spine.svg|Plane paritition in case of Rabbit Julia set 
Basilica Julia set with spine.svg|Plane paritition in case of Basilica Julia set 

&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== crossing/noncrossing===

noncrossing: 
&quot;A partition of a (finite) set is just a subdivision of the set into disjoint subsets. If the set is represented as points on a line (or around the edge of a disc), we can represent the partition with lines connecting the dots. The lines usually have lots of crossings. When the partition diagram has no crossing lines, it is called a non-crossing partition. ... They have a lot of beautiful algebraic structure, and are related to lots of old enumeration problems. More recently (and importantly), they turn out to be a crucial tool in understanding how the eigenvalues of large random matrices behave.&quot;  Todd Kemp (UCSD)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.ucsd.edu/~alina/oldcourses/2010/196/index.html UC San Diego : MATH 196/296: Student Colloquium]&lt;/ref&gt;


Key words:
* Enumerative combinatorics

==types==
* '''slit plane''' = plane with the slit deleted&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1970039/entire-function-with-image-contained-in-slit-plane-is-constant math.stackexchange question: entire-function-with-image-contained-in-slit-plane-is-constant]&lt;/ref&gt;: Let S be the &quot;slit plane&quot; &lt;math&gt;S = \mathbb{C} - \{t \in \mathbb{R} : t \leq 0\}&lt;/math&gt;
* [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Chessboard.html chessboard] or checkerboards
===types in case of discrete dynamical system===
====Dynamic plane or phase space====
* z-plane for fc(z)= z^2 + c
* z-plane for fm(z)= z^2 + m*z

====Parameter plane====
See:&lt;ref&gt;[http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/julia/altplane.html Alternate Parameter Planes by David E. Joyce]&lt;/ref&gt;

Types of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Parameter plane|the parameter plane]]: 
* c-plane (standard plane) 
* exponential plane (map) &lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/exponentialmap.html mu-ency: exponential map by R Munafo]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathr.co.uk/blog/2010-12-06_exponential_mapping_and_openmp.html Exponential mapping and OpenMP by Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;
* flatten' the cardiod (unroll) &lt;ref&gt;[http://linas.org/art-gallery/self/self.html Linas  Vepstas :  Self Similar?]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tommer.ca/show/01/ the flattened cardioid of a Mandelbrot by Tom Rathborne]&lt;/ref&gt;  =  &quot;A region along the cardioid is continuously blown up and stretched out, so that the respective segment of the cardioid becomes a line segment. ..&quot; (Figure 4.22 on pages 204-205 of The Science Of Fractal Images)&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathr.co.uk/blog/2013-12-16_stretching_cusps.html Stretching cusps by Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;
* transformations &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stochastic.com/mandels.xhtml Twisted Mandelbrot Sets by Eric C. Hill]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Mandel2.jmb.jpg| c-plane
File:Mandel2i.jmb.jpg|inverted c plane = 1/c plane
File:Unrolled main cardioid of Mandelbrot set for periods 8-14.png|unrolled
&lt;/gallery&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Juliasetsdkpicthist2.jpg|lambda plane
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Points=

==Band-merging  ==
the band-merging points are Misiurewicz points&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/MSet/ScalingZ.htm|Period doubling bifurcations on complex plane by E Demidov]&lt;/ref&gt;
==Biaccessible ==

* If there exist two distinct external rays landing at point we say that it is a biaccessible point.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~kyodo/kokyuroku/.../pdf/1586-10.pdf On biaccessible points in the Julia set of the family z(a+z^{d})  by Mitsuhiko Imada ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* We call p biaccessible if it is accessible through at least two distinct external rays&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9801149v1 On biaccessible points in the Julia set of a Cremer quadratic polynomial by Dierk Schleicher, Saeed Zakeri]&lt;/ref&gt;

==blowup point==

blowup point = parameter for which the critical orbits map to ∞, so the Julia set is the entire sphere &lt;ref&gt;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12346-015-0169-5 Campbell, J.T., Collins, J.T. Blowup Points and Baby Mandelbrot Sets for a Family of Singularly Perturbed Rational Maps. Qual. Theory Dyn. Syst. 16, 31–52 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-015-0169-5]&lt;/ref&gt;

==branched==

A point in the complex plane &lt;math&gt;\mathbb{C}&lt;/math&gt; is branched, if 
* it is in the Julia set 
* and is the landing point of more than two rays.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.05931 Criterion for rays landing together by  Jinsong Zeng]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Buried==
&quot; a point of the Julia set is buried if it is not in the boundary of any Fatou component.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://topology.nipissingu.ca/summertop2013/slides/ctds/Mayer.pdf Topological Variety of Buried Points by  Clinton P. Curry, Logan C. Hoehn, and John C. Mayer]&lt;/ref&gt;

polynomials do not have buried points

some rational Julia sets have (Residual Julia Set = Buried Points)

==Center==

===Nucleus or center of hyperbolic component ===
A '''center''' of a [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Hyperbolic component of Mandelbrot set|hyperbolic component]] H  is a parameter  &lt;math&gt; c_0 \in H\,&lt;/math&gt; (or point of parameter plane)  such that
* the corresponding periodic orbit has [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier|multiplier]]= 0.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~lrempe/workshops/liv_jan_08/surgery1.pdf Surgery in Complex Dynamics by Carsten Lunde Petersen, online paper]&lt;/ref&gt;
* it has a superstable periodic orbit


Synonyms: 
* Nucleus of a Mu-Atom &lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/nucleus.html Nucleus - From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2015. ]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Mandelbrot set/centers|How to find center/s ?]]

===Center of Siegel Disc===
Center of Siegel disc is a irrationally indifferent periodic point.

Mane's theorem:

&quot;... appart from its center, a Siegel disk cannot contain any periodic point, critical point, nor any iterated preimage of a critical or periodic point. On the other hand it can contain an iterated image of a critical point.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.univ-toulouse.fr/~cheritat/Exposes/Rome.pdf Siegel disks by Xavier Buff and Arnaud Ch ́ritat e Univ. Toulouse Roma, April 2009]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Critical  ==
'''A critical point'''&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Critical point (mathematics)|Wikipedia: Critical point (mathematics)]]&lt;/ref&gt; of &lt;math&gt;f_c\,&lt;/math&gt; is a point &lt;math&gt; z_{cr} \,&lt;/math&gt; in the dynamical plane such that the [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Derivative|derivative]] vanishes ( is equal to zero):

: &lt;math&gt;f_c'(z_{cr}) = 0. \,&lt;/math&gt;

'''A critical value '''is an image of critical point

===complex quadratic polynomial===

For [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Forms|the complex quadratic polynomial in the c form]]

: &lt;math&gt;f_c'(z) = \frac{d}{dz}f_c(z) = 2z &lt;/math&gt;

implies

: &lt;math&gt; z_{cr} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;

we see that the only (finite) critical point of &lt;math&gt;f_c \,&lt;/math&gt; is the point &lt;math&gt; z_{cr} = 0\,&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;math&gt;z_0&lt;/math&gt; is an initial point for Mandelbrot set iteration.&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathesim.degruyter.de/jws_en/show_simulation.php?id=1052&amp;type=RoessMa&amp;lang=en Java program by Dieter Röß showing result of changing initial point of Mandelbrot iterations]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Cut ==
[[Image:Cut-point.svg|right|thumb|The &quot;neck&quot; of this eight-like figure is a cut-point.]]
[[File:Lamination of basilica Julia set.png|right|thumb|Cut points in the San Marco Basilica Julia set. Biaccessible  points = landing points for 2 external rays]]
'''Cut point''' k of set S is a point for which set S-k is dissconected (consist of 2 or more sets).&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Cut-point|Cut point in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
This name is used in a topology.

Examples:
* root points of Mandelbrot set
* Misiurewicz points of boundary of Mandelbrot set
* cut points of Julia sets (in case of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/siegel|Siegel disc]] critical point is a cut point)

These points are landing points of 2 or more external rays.

Point which is a landing point of 2 external rays is called '''biaccessible'''

'''Cut ray''' is a ray which converges to landing point of another ray.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www-gat.univ-lille1.fr/~roesch/Newt.pdf On local connectivity for the Julia set of rational maps: Newton’s famous example By P. Roesch]&lt;/ref&gt;
Cut rays can be used to construct '''puzzles'''.

'''Cut angle''' is an angle of cut ray.

==fixed  ==
names
* [[:w:fixed point (mathematics)| fixed point]]
* invariant = The number of fixed points of a dynamical system is invariant under many mathematical operations.
* fixpoint
* Periodic point when period = 1
* steady state of dynamical system
* stable behaviour
* equilibrium point = fixed point of DE
* [[:w:Hyperbolic equilibrium point]] ''p''  of ''f'', such that (''Df'')&lt;sub&gt;''p''&lt;/sub&gt; has no [[:w:Eigenvalues and eigenvectors|eigenvalue]] with [[:w:absolute value]] 1. In this case, Λ = {''p''}
* In the study of [[dynamical system]]s, a '''hyperbolic equilibrium point''' or '''hyperbolic fixed point''' is a [[fixed point (mathematics)|fixed point]] that does not have any [[center manifold]]s. Near a [[hyperbolic function|hyperbolic]] point the orbits of a two-dimensional, [[Hamiltonian mechanics|non-dissipative]] system resemble hyperbolas.  This fails to hold in general.  [[Steven Strogatz|Strogatz]] notes that &quot;hyperbolic is an unfortunate name—it sounds like it should mean '[[:w:saddle point|saddle point]]'—but it has become standard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Strogatz |first=Steven |title=Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos |year=2001 |publisher=Westview Press |isbn=0-7382-0453-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/nonlineardynamic00stro }}&lt;/ref&gt; Several properties hold about a neighborhood of a hyperbolic point, notably&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Ott |first=Edward |title=Chaos in Dynamical Systems |url=https://archive.org/details/chaosindynamical0000otte |url-access=registration |year=1994 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-43799-7 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
Fixed Points.gif|types of fixed points
Hopfbifurcation.png|1a) stable fixpoint 1b) instable fixpoint, stable limit cycle 1c) phase space dynamics. Subcritical Hopf bifurcation: 2a) stable fixpoint, unstable limit cycle 2b) instable fixpoint 2c) phase space dynamics. \omega determines the angular dynamics and therefore the direction of winding for the trajectories.


&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Feigenbaum ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Mandelbrot zoom.gif|Zoom toward Feigenbaum point
Feigenbaum_attractor.png|The Feigenbaum point (red arrow) is limit of the bifurcation point 
Feigenbaum Julia set.png|Julia set for the Feigenbaum point
&lt;/gallery&gt;

The Feigenbaum Point&lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/feigenbaumpoint.html muency: feigenbaum point]&lt;/ref&gt; is a: 
* point c of parameter plane 
* is the limit of the period doubling cascade of bifurcations =  the limit of the sequence of real period doubling parameters
* the accumulation point of the period-doubling cascade in the real-valued x^2+c mapping
* an infinitely renormalizable parameter of bounded type
* boundary point between chaotic (-2 &lt; c  &lt; MF)  and periodic region (MF&lt; c &lt; 1/4)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iec.csic.es/~gerardo/publica/Pastor07.pdf On Periodic and Chaotic Regions in the Mandelbrot Set by  G. Pastor, M. Romera, G. Álvarez, D. Arroyo and F. Montoya]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;math&gt;MF^{(n)} (\tfrac{p}{q}) = c &lt;/math&gt;

Generalized Feigenbaum points are: 
* the limit of the period-q cascade of bifurcations
* landing points of parameter ray or rays with irrational angles 
Examples: 
* &lt;math&gt;MF^{(0)} = MF^{(1)} (\tfrac{1}{2}) = c = -1.401155 &lt;/math&gt;  
* -.1528+1.0397i)

The Mandelbrot set is conjectured to be self- similar around generalized Feigenbaum points&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.faqs.org/faqs/fractal-faq/section-6.html fractal-faq : section 6]&lt;/ref&gt; when the magnification increases by 4.6692 (the Feigenbaum Constant) and period is doubled each time&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/MSet/Anim/Feigenbaum.htm Period doubling and Feigenbaum's scaling be E Demidov]&lt;/ref&gt;

:{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! ''n''
! Period = 2^n
! Bifurcation parameter = ''c&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;''
! Ratio &lt;math&gt;= \dfrac{c_{n-1}-c_{n-2}}{c_n-c_{n-1}} &lt;/math&gt;
|-
| 1
|| 2
|| -0.75
|| N/A
|-
| 2
|| 4
|| -1.25
|| N/A
|-
| 3
|| 8
|| -1.3680989
|| 4.2337
|-
| 4
|| 16
|| -1.3940462
|| 4.5515
|-
| 5
|| 32
|| -1.3996312
|| 4.6458
|-
| 6
|| 64
|| -1.4008287
|| 4.6639
|-
| 7
|| 128
|| -1.4010853
|| 4.6682
|-
| 8
|| 256
|| -1.4011402
|| 4.6689
|-
|9
||512
||-1.401151982029
||
|-
|10
||1024
||-1.401154502237
||
|-
|infinity
||
|| -1.4011551890 ... 
||
|}

Bifurcation parameter is a root point of period = 2^n component. This series converges to the Feigenbaum point c = −1.401155

The ratio in the last column converges to [[:w:Feigenbaum_constants#The_first_constant|the first Feigenbaum constant]].

&quot; a &quot;Feigenbaum point&quot; (an infinitely renormalizable parameter of bounded type, such as the famous Feigenbaum value which is the limit of the period-2 cascade of bifurcations), then Milnor's hairiness conjecture, proved by Lyubich, states that rescalings of the Mandelbrot set converge to the entire complex plane. So there is certainly a lot of thickness near such a point, although again this may not be what you are looking for. It may also prove computationally intensive to produce accurate pictures near such points, because the usual algorithms will end up doing the maximum number of iterations for almost all points in the picture.&quot; Lasse Rempe-Gillen&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathoverflow.net/questions/32444/is-there-a-way-to-find-regions-of-depth-in-the-mandelbrot-set-other-than-simply?rq=1 mathoverflow question: is-there-a-way-to-find-regions-of-depth-in-the-mandelbrot-set-other-than-simply?rq=1]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Fibonacci ==

Fibonacci point&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/mandelbrot-and-julia-set/fibonacci-and-the-mandelbrot-set/ Fractalforums: fibonacci-and-the-mandelbrot-set]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9606218 Parameter scaling for the Fibonacci point by  Leroy Wenstrom]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9201291 The Fibonacci unimodal map by   Mikhail Lyubich, John W. Milnor]&lt;/ref&gt;
==germ==
* Catastrophe theory analyzes degenerate [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_3|critical points]] of the potential function — points where not just the first derivative, but one or more higher derivatives of the potential function are also zero. These are called the '''germs of the catastrophe geometries'''. The degeneracy of these critical points can be unfolded by expanding the potential function as a Taylor series in small perturbations of the parameters.
* In mathematics, the notion of '''a germ of an object in/on a topological space''' is an equivalence class of that object and others of the same kind that captures their shared local properties. In particular, the objects in question are mostly functions (or maps) and subsets. In specific implementations of this idea, the functions or subsets in question will have some property, such as being analytic or smooth, but in general this is not needed (the functions in question need not even be continuous); it is however necessary that the space on/in which the object is defined is a topological space, in order that the word local has some meaning.The name is derived from cereal germ in a continuation of the sheaf metaphor, as a germ is (locally) the &quot;heart&quot; of a function, as it is for a grain.

==infinity==
The point at infinity &lt;ref&gt;[w:Point at infinity|Point at infinity in wikipedia]&lt;/ref&gt;&quot; is a superattracting fixed point, but more importantly its immediate basin of attraction - that is, the component of the basin containing the fixed point itself - is completely invariant (invariant under forward and backwards iteration). This is the case for all polynomials (of degree at least two), and is one of the reasons that studying polynomials is easier than studying general rational maps (where e.g. the Julia set - where the dynamics is chaotic - may in fact be the whole Riemann sphere). The basin of infinity supports foliations into &quot;external rays&quot; and &quot;equipotentials&quot;, and this allows one to study the Julia set. This idea was introduced by Douady and Hubbard, and is the basis of the famous &quot;Yoccoz puzzle&quot;.&quot; Lasse Rempe-Gillen&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathoverflow.net/questions/44415/attractive-basins-and-loops-in-julia-sets Mathoverflow question: Attractive Basins and Loops in Julia Sets]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Mandelbrot set at Fibonacci point.png|thumb|Mandelbrot set at Fibonacci point]]

==Misiurewicz  ==
[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/misiurewicz|Misiurewicz point]]&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Misiurewicz point|Wikipedia: Misiurewicz point]]&lt;/ref&gt; = &quot; parameters where the critical orbit is pre-periodic.

==Myrberg-Feigenbaum ==
MF = the Myrberg-Feigenbaum point is the different name for [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Feigenbaum|the Feigenbaum Point]].

==node==
* branch point of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#shrub|the shrub]] 
* type of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/misiurewicz|the Misiurewicz point]]

==Parabolic point ==

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/parabolic|parabolic points]]: this occurs when two singular points coalesce in a double singular point (parabolic point)&lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.07120 The bifurcation diagram of cubic polynomial vector fields on CP1 by  Christiane Rousseau]&lt;/ref&gt;


&quot;the characteristic parabolic point (i.e. the parabolic periodic point on the boundary of the critical value Fatou component) of fc&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308744518_A_rigidity_result_for_some_parabolic_germs A rigidity result for some parabolic germs by Luna Lomonaco, Sabyasachi Mukherjee]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Periodic ==

Point z has [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Period|period]] p under f if:

:&lt;math&gt; z : \ f^{p} (z) =   z &lt;/math&gt;

In other words point is [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/periodic points|periodic]]

See also:
* fixed point
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/periodic points#How to compute stability of given periodic point .3F|stability of periodic point]]
** attracting
** repelling
** indifferent
* multiplier of periodic cycle

==Pinching ==
&quot;'''Pinching points'''  are found as the common landing points of external rays, with exactly one ray landing between two 
consecutive branches. They are used to cut M or K into well-defined components, and to build topological models for these sets in a combinatorial way. &quot; (definition from Wolf Jung program Mandel)


other names
* pinch points
* cut points

See for examples:
* period 2 = Mandel, demo 2 page 3.
* period 3 = Mandel, demo 2 page 5 &lt;ref&gt;http://www.mndynamics.com/indexp.html| program Mandel by Wolf Jung, demo 2 page 3&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pool==

&quot;A point in the dendrite is called a pool if it is the landing point for two external rays, both of whose angles are of the form

&lt;math&gt;\frac{k}{ 12* 2^n}&lt;/math&gt;

for some k, n ∈ N, where k ≡ 1 mod 6.

...

central pool  ... it is geometrically the center of the dendrite; a one half rotation around this point maps the dendrite to itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://faculty.bard.edu/belk/projects/WillSmith.pdf Thompson-Like Groups for Dendrite Julia Sets by Will Smith]&lt;/ref&gt;

== post-critical ==

A post-critical point is a point 
 &lt;math&gt; z = f(f(f( ... (z_{cr})))) &lt;/math&gt;
where &lt;math&gt;z_{cr}&lt;/math&gt; is a critical point.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.units.muohio.edu/sumsri/sumj/2011/fp_alg.pdf GROWTH OF GROUPS DEFINED BY AUTOMATA : ASHLEY S. DOUGHERTY, LYDIA R. KINDELIN, AARON M. REAVES, ANDREW J. WALKER, AND NATHANIEL F. ZAKAHI]&lt;/ref&gt;


See also:
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#post-critical_2|post-critical set]]

==precritical ==
precritical points, i.e., the preimages of the critical point

==reference point==
Reference point of the image:
* its orbit (reference orbit) is computed with arbitrary precision and saved
* orbits of the other points of the image (no-reference points) are computed from reference orbit using standard precision (with hardware floating point numbers) = faster than using arbitrary precision   

==renormalizable ==
[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Points|point]] of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Parameter_plane|the parameter plane]] &quot; is '''[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Renormalization|renormalizable]]''' if restriction of some of its iterate gives a polinomial-like map of the same or lower degree. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/MSet/Fagella2.html Ouadratic-like maps and Renormalization by Nuria Fagella]&lt;/ref&gt;
===infinitely renormalizable ===
&quot; a [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Feigenbaum|&quot;Feigenbaum point&quot;]] (an infinitely renormalizable parameter of bounded type, such as the famous Feigenbaum value which is the limit of the period-2 cascade of bifurcations), then Milnor's hairiness conjecture, proved by Lyubich, states that rescalings of the Mandelbrot set converge to the entire complex plane. So there is certainly a lot of thickness near such a point, although again this may not be what you are looking for. It may also prove computationally intensive to produce accurate pictures near such points, because the usual algorithms will end up doing the maximum number of iterations for almost all points in the picture.&quot; Lasse Rempe-Gillen&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathoverflow.net/questions/32444/is-there-a-way-to-find-regions-of-depth-in-the-mandelbrot-set-other-than-simply?rq=1 mathoverflow question: is-there-a-way-to-find-regions-of-depth-in-the-mandelbrot-set-other-than-simply?rq=1]&lt;/ref&gt;
===IMMEDIATE RENORMALIZATION ===
&quot; A cubic polynomial P with a non-repelling fixed point b is said to be immediately renormalizable if there exists a (connected) quadratic-like invariant filled Julia set K∗ such that b ∈ K∗ . In that case exactly one critical point of P does not belong to K∗.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.10325v1 Immediate renormalization of complex polynomials by Alexander Blokh, Lex Oversteegen, Vladlen Timorin]&lt;/ref&gt;

==repelling==

===Virtually repelling ===
virtually repelling fixed points&lt;ref&gt;[https://eudml.org/doc/41482 Buff, Xavier. &quot;Virtually repelling fixed point..&quot; Publicacions Matemàtiques 47.1 (2003): 195-209. &lt;http://eudml.org/doc/41482&gt;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==root or bond==
The root point of the hyperbolic component of the Mandelbrot set:
* A point where two mu-atoms meet
* has a rotational number 0 
* it is a biaccessible point (landing point of 2 external rays)

Names:
* bond &lt;ref&gt;[https://mrob.com/pub/muency/bond.html Bond the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2018.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==singular==
the singular points of a dynamical system

In complex analysis there are four classes of singularities:

* Isolated singularities: Suppose the function ''f'' is not defined at ''a'', although it does have values defined on ''U'' \ {''a''}.
** The point ''a'' is a removable singularity of ''f'' if there exists a holomorphic function ''g'' defined on all of ''U'' such that ''f''(''z'') = ''g''(''z'') for all ''z'' in ''U'' \ {''a''}. The function ''g'' is a continuous replacement for the function ''f''. 
** The point ''a'' is a pole  or non-essential singularity of ''f''  if there exists a holomorphic function ''g'' defined on ''U'' with ''g''(''a'') nonzero, and a natural number ''n'' such that ''f''(''z'') = ''g''(''z'') / (''z'' &amp;minus; ''a'')&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt; for all ''z'' in ''U'' \ {''a''}. The least such number ''n'' is called the ''order of the pole''. The derivative at a non-essential singularity itself has a non-essential singularity, with ''n'' increased by 1 (except if ''n'' is 0 so that the singularity is removable).
** The point ''a'' is an essential singularity of ''f'' if it is neither a removable singularity nor a pole. The point ''a'' is an essential singularity if and only if the Laurent series has infinitely many powers of negative degree.
* Branch points are generally the result of a multi-valued function, such as &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{z}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;\log(z)&lt;/math&gt; being defined within a certain limited domain so that the function can be made single-valued within the domain. The cut is a line or curve excluded from the domain to introduce a technical separation between discontinuous values of the function. When the cut is genuinely required, the function will have distinctly different values on each side of the branch cut. The shape of the branch cut is a matter of choice, however, it must connect two different branch points (like &lt;math&gt;z=0&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;z=\infty&lt;/math&gt; for &lt;math&gt;\log(z)&lt;/math&gt;) which are fixed in place.

==tip==
* from Mu-Ency: &quot;the point in a primary filament that has the simplest external angle; this is the point that you get by appending FS[(1/2B1)] an infinite number of times to the primary filament's name.&quot; This is also the &quot;limit&quot; of the ... series.
* Misurewicz point

&lt;gallery&gt;
MIS1.jpg| tip of the main antenna (1/2 wake) &lt;math&gt; c =M_{1,1}&lt;/math&gt;
One arm spiral - part of Mandelbrot set.png
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==triple==

&quot;A point in the dendrite is called a triple point if its removal separates the dendrite into three connected components. Such a point is the landing point for three external rays, whose angles all have of the form 

&lt;math&gt;\frac{k}{7 *2^n}&lt;/math&gt;

for some k, n ∈ N, where k is congruent to 1, 2 or 4, mod 7.&quot; Will Smith in Thompson-Like Groups for Dendrite Julia
Sets

==wandering==

A point is called wandering if its forward orbit under the iteration of f is infinite.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.05931 Criterion for rays landing together by  Jinsong Zeng]&lt;/ref&gt;


There is no wandering branched point for any quadratic polynomial. However, this is not true in general. Blokh and Oversteegen constructed cubic polynomials whose Julia sets contain wandering branched points;&lt;ref&gt;A. Blokh and L. Oversteegen, Wandering gaps for weakly hyperbolic polynomials. Complex Dynamics: Families and Friends. Ed. D.Schleicher A.K.Peters, Wellesley, MA, 2008,139-168.&lt;/ref&gt;

=Portrait=

==orbit portrait==
===types===
There are two types of orbit portraits: primitive and satellite.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Orbit portrait|Wikipedia: Orbit portrait]]&lt;/ref&gt; If  
&lt;math&gt;v&lt;/math&gt; is the valence of an orbit portrait &lt;math&gt;\mathcal P&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;r&lt;/math&gt; is the recurrent ray period, then these two types may be characterized as follows:
* Primitive orbit portraits have &lt;math&gt;r = 1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;v = 2&lt;/math&gt;.  Every ray in the portrait is mapped to itself by &lt;math&gt;f^n&lt;/math&gt;.  Each &lt;math&gt;A_j&lt;/math&gt; is a pair of angles, each in a distinct orbit of the doubling map.  In this case, &lt;math&gt;r_{\mathcal P}&lt;/math&gt; is the base point of a baby Mandelbrot set in parameter space.
* Satellite (non-primitive) orbit portraits have &lt;math&gt;r = v \ge 2&lt;/math&gt;.  In this case, all of the angles make up a single orbit under the doubling map.  Additionally,  &lt;math&gt;r_{\mathcal P}&lt;/math&gt; is the base point of a parabolic bifurcation in parameter space.

====Critical====
[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_2|Critical orbit]] portrait = portrait of the critical orbit

: ... for the polynomial &lt;math&gt;z \to z^2 + i&lt;/math&gt; we may note the critical orbit portrait:


:&lt;math&gt;0 \to i \to -1 + i \to -i \to -1 + i&lt;/math&gt;


for this map, or we may double the angles of external rays and record the locations of landing points in order to observe the same behavior.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aimsciences.org/article/doi/10.3934/dcdss.2019151?viewType=html THURSTON’S ALGORITHM AND RATIONAL MAPS FROM QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL MATINGS by  Mary Wilkerson]&lt;/ref&gt;


critical portrait:
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/jlamination#Orbit_portraits|orbit portrait of critical point z = 0]] = portrait of forward orbit of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_3|critical point]]
* a collection of subsets of the unit circle &lt;math&gt;\mathbb{T}&lt;/math&gt; 
* paritition of the unit circle and the dynamic plane. The partition is formed by the dynamic rays at angles &lt;math&gt;\theta/2&lt;/math&gt;  and &lt;math&gt;(\theta + 1)/2&lt;/math&gt;, which land together at the critical point. The ray for angle &lt;math&gt;\theta&lt;/math&gt; is landing at the critical value &lt;math&gt; z = c &lt;/math&gt;
* collection of angles of rays landing  on the critical point &lt;math&gt;z = 0&lt;/math&gt;

[[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/misiurewicz#angle|Examples]]:
* for &lt;math&gt;c = \gamma_M(1/4) = -0.228155493653962+1.115142508039937i = M_{2,1}&lt;/math&gt; critical portrait is (1/8, 7/12)
* for &lt;math&gt;c = \gamma_M(1/6) = M_{1,6} = i&lt;/math&gt; critical portrait is (1/12, 7/12)

&lt;gallery &gt;
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 4.svg| 1/4
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 6.svg| 1/6
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 9 56.svg|9/56
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 129 over 16256.svg| 129/16256
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Precision=
Precision of:
* data type used for computation. Measured in bits (width of significant (fraction) = number of binary digits) or in decimal digits
* input values 
* result (number of significant figures)

See:
* [[Fractals/Mathematics/Numerical#Precision|Numerical Precision]]: &quot; Precision is the number of digits in a number. Scale is the number of digits to the right of the decimal point in a number. For example, the number 123.45 has a precision of 5 and a scale of 2.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2377174/how-do-i-interpret-precision-and-scale-of-a-number-in-a-database stackoverflow question: how-do-i-interpret-precision-and-scale-of-a-number-in-a-database]&lt;/ref&gt;
* error &lt;ref&gt;[http://fredrikj.net/blog/2016/03/taking-the-error-out-of-the-error-function/ taking-the-error-out-of-the-error-function by Fredrik Johansson]&lt;/ref&gt;
= Principle=
== Douady’s principle == 
Douady’s principle: “sow in dynamical plane and reap in parameter space”.

=Problem=
==small divisor problem==
Types
* One-Dimensional Small Divisor Problems&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0009232 An Introduction To Small Divisors by S. Marmi]&lt;/ref&gt; (On Holomorphic Germs and Circle Diffeomorphisms) 
* linearization problem in complex dimension one dynamical systems: &quot;Given a fixed point of a differentiable map, seen as a discrete dynamical system, the linearization problem is the question whether or not the map is locally conjugated to its linear approximation at the fixed point. Since the dynamics of linear maps on finite dimensional real and complex vector spaces is completely understood, the dynamics of a map on a finite dimensional phase space near a linearizable fixed point is tractable.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://scholarpedia.org/article/Siegel%20disks/Linearization scholarpedia: Siegel disks Linearization]&lt;/ref&gt;

Where it can be found:
* stability in mechanics, particularly in celestial mechanics
* relations between the growth of the entries in the continued fraction expansion of t and the behaviour of f around z=0 under iteration.

See:
* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Siegel_disks/Linearization Linearization in scholarpedia]

=Processes or transformations and phenomenona =

==Aliasing and antialiasing==
* aliasing&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.overclockersclub.com/reviews/serious_statistics_aliasing/ serious_statistics_aliasing by GuestJim]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Conjugation==

===Topological conjugacy ===

two functions are said to be '''topologically conjugate'''  if there exists a homeomorphism that will conjugate the one into the other. Topological conjugacy also known as topological equivalence&lt;ref&gt;Arnold V. I. Geometric Methods in the Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations (Springer, 2020) [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4612-1037-5]&lt;/ref&gt; is important in the study of iterated functions and more generally dynamical systems, since, if the dynamics of one iterative function can be determined, then that for a topologically conjugate function follows trivially.

To illustrate this directly: suppose that &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;g&lt;/math&gt; are iterated functions, and there exists a homeomorphism &lt;math&gt;h&lt;/math&gt; such that 
:&lt;math&gt;g = h^{-1} \circ f \circ h,&lt;/math&gt;
so that &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;g&lt;/math&gt; are topologically conjugate. Then one must have 
:&lt;math&gt;g^n = h^{-1} \circ f^n \circ h,&lt;/math&gt;
and so the iterated systems are topologically conjugate as well. Here, &lt;math&gt;\circ&lt;/math&gt; denotes function composition.
[[Image:Commutative square.svg|right|150px]]

Commutative square diagram  
*  a collection of maps 
* square diagram that commutes = all map compositions starting from the same set A and ending with the same set D give the same result 


Examples
* The logistic map and the tent map are topologically conjugate.&lt;ref name=Alli97&gt;{{cite book|author=Alligood, K. T., Sauer, T., and Yorke, J.A. |title=Chaos: An Introduction to Dynamical Systems|year=1997|publisher=Springer|isbn=0-387-94677-2|pages=114–124}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* The logistic map of unit height and the Bernoulli map are topologically conjugate.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}
* For certain values in the parameter space, the Hénon map when restricted to its Julia set is topologically conjugate or semi-conjugate to the shift map on the space of two-sided sequences in two symbols.&lt;ref name=Devan79&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Devaney |first1=R. |last2=Nitecki |first2=Z. |date=1979 |title=Shift automorphisms in the Hénon mapping |url=https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.cmp/1103905161 |journal=Comm. Math. Phys. |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=137–146 |access-date=2 September 2016 |doi=10.1007/bf01221362|bibcode=1979CMaPh..67..137D |s2cid=121479458 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Contraction and dilatation==
*the contraction z → z/2 
*the dilatation z → 2z.
==convolution==
In the digital image processing&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Digital_image_processing|Digital_image_processing in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;: image convolution
Convolution is used to 
* extract certain features from an input image, like edge


Image convolutions by dimensions of the kernel array: 
* 1D
** LIC
* 2D 
** Gaussian blur (Gaussian smoothing)
** Sobel filter


See also
* feature detection (Feature extraction)
** edge detection
** Ridge detection
** Motion detection
** Blob detection

== differentiation ==
Method of computing the derivative of a mathematical function 

types:
* symbolic differentiation
* Automatic Differentiation (AD)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.autodiff.org autodiff.org]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* numeric differentiation &lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Numerical_differentiation|Wikipedia: Numerical_differentiation]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.it.uom.gr/teaching/linearalgebra/NumericalRecipiesInC/c5-7.pdf Numerical Recipies In C : 5.7 Numerical Derivatives]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38854363/is-there-any-standard-way-to-calculate-the-numerical-gradient stackoverflow question: is-there-any-standard-way-to-calculate-the-numerical-gradient]&lt;/ref&gt; = the method of finite differences&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Finite difference|Wikipedia: Finite difference]]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Discretizations==
* discretization&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:discretization|Wikipedia: discretization]]&lt;/ref&gt; and its reverse &lt;ref&gt;[http://mathinsight.org/from_discrete_to_continuous_dynamical_systems mathinsight: from_discrete_to_continuous_dynamical_systems]&lt;/ref&gt;
* discretize/homogenize in the DDG (Discrete Differential Geometry)


Discretization is the process of transferring continuous functions, models, variables, and equations into discrete counterparts.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0898122197000096 J.M. Hyman, M. Shashkov, Natural discretizations for the divergence, gradient, and curl on logically rectangular grids, Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications, Volume 33, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 81-104, ISSN 0898-1221, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-1221(97)00009-6. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0898122197000096) Abstract: This is the first in series of papers creating a discrete analog of vector analysis on logically rectangular, nonorthogonal, nonsmooth grids. We introduce notations for 2-D logically rectangular grids, describe both cell-valued and nodal discretizations for scalar functions, and construct the natural discretizations of vector fields, using the vector components normal and tangential to the cell boundaries. We then define natural discrete analogs of the divergence, gradient, and curl operators based on coordinate invariant definitions and interpret these formulas in terms of curvilinear coordinates, such as length of elements of coordinate lines, areas of elements of coordinate surfaces, and elementary volumes. We introduce the discrete volume integral of scalar functions, the discrete surface integral, and a discrete analog of the line integral and prove discrete versions of the main theorems relating these objects. These theorems include the following: the discrete analog of relationship div A→ = 0 if and only if A→ = curl B→; curl A→ = 0 if and only if A→ = grad ϕ; if A→ = grad ϕ, then the line integral does not depend on path; and if the line integral of a vector function is equal to zero for any closed path, then this vector is the gradient of a scalar function. Last, we define the discrete operators DIV, GRAD, and CURL in terms of primitive differencing operators (based on forward and backward differences) and primitive metric operators (related to multiplications of discrete functions by length of edges, areas of surfaces, and volumes of 3-D cells). These formulations elucidate the structure of the discrete operators and are useful when investigating the relationships between operators and their adjoints. Keywords: Finite-difference; Logically-rectangular grids; Discrete vector analysis]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples:
* Cartesian coordinate system ( regular grid ) of continous space
==distorsion==
* distorsion&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.filterforge.com/filters/category45-page1.html filterforge  filters: distorsion]&lt;/ref&gt;  of the plane = [[Fractals/Computer_graphic_techniques/2D/transformation|plane transformation]]
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Mandelbrot_set/mset_distortion|distortion of Mandelbrot set island]]

==Implosion and explosion==
[[File:Explosion and implosion.svg|thumbnail|right|Explosion (above) and implosion (below)]]
Implosion is:
* the process of sudden change of quality fuatures of the object, like collapsing (or being squeezed in) 
* the opposite of explosion

Example: 
* parabolic implosion in complex dynamics (&lt;math&gt;\bold{C}&lt;/math&gt;) 
**  when filled Julia for complex quadratic polynomial set looses all its interior (when c goes from 0 along internal ray 0 thru parabolic point c=1/4 and along external ray 0 =  when c goes from interior, crosses the boundary to the exterior of Mandelbrot set)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mndynamics.com/vids/implosion.mp4  Airplane primitive parabolic implosion by Wolf Jung]&lt;/ref&gt;
** &quot; We can see that &lt;math&gt;J_{\frac{1}{4}+.0005}&lt;/math&gt; looks somewhat like &lt;math&gt;J_{\frac{1}{4}}&lt;/math&gt; from the &quot;outside&quot;, but on the &quot;inside&quot; there are curlicues; pairs of them are vaguely reminiscent of &quot;butterflies&quot;. As t→0, these butterflies persist and remain uniformly large. We think of t as representing time, which decreases to 0. The fact that they suddenly disappear for t=0 is the phenomenon called &quot;implosion&quot;. Or, if we think of time starting at t=0, then the instantaneous appearance of large &quot;butterflies&quot; for t&gt;0 may be thought of as &quot;explosion&quot;. &quot;
**  the Julia set implodes when under small perturbations (epsilon)  near parabolic parameter (like c = 1/4)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Parabolic-Implosion-Peters-Vivas/3c8f2e6fa0299dd4b970192f471089dfc4824d3c?sort=relevance&amp;citedPapersSort=relevance&amp;citedPapersLimit=10&amp;citedPapersOffset=20 Parabolic Implosion by Han Peters, L. Vivas Published 2020]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Semi-parabolic implosion in &lt;math&gt;\bold{C}^2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.stonybrook.edu/~ebedford/SemiParabolicImplosion.html SemiParabolicImplosion by Eric Bedford]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery caption = &quot; Implosion: from circle thru cauliflower to imploded cauliflower&quot;&gt;
Julia-Set z2+c 0 0.png
Julia z2+0,25.png
Demj6.png
&lt;/gallery&gt;


Explosion is a:
* sudden change of quality features of the object in an extreme manner,
* the opposite of implosion

Example: in exponential dynamics when λ&gt; 1/e, the Julia set of &lt;math&gt;E_{\lambda}(z) = \lambda e^z&lt;/math&gt; is the entire plane.&lt;ref&gt;[http://dmle.cindoc.csic.es/pdf/PUBLICACIONSMATEMATIQUES_1999_43_01_02.pdf CANTOR BOUQUETS, EXPLOSIONS, AND KNASTER CONTINUA: DYNAMICS OF COMPLEX EXPONENTIALS by  Robert L. Devaney Publicacions Matematiques, Vol 43 (1999), 27–54.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==integrating ==
* integrating along some vector field means finding a solution curve. Example: finding extrrernal ray using Runge-Kutta method for numerical integration&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fractalforums.com/programming/smooth-external-angle-of-mandelbrot-set/msg80682/#msg80682 fractalforums.com: smooth-external-angle-of-mandelbrot-set]&lt;/ref&gt;


==Linearization==
* changing from non-linear to linear
* &quot; ... turn  the perturbated linear map &lt;math&gt;f :  \lambda z + z^2 \mapsto \lambda z &lt;/math&gt; into the exactly linear map &lt;math&gt;y \mapsto \lambda y &lt;/math&gt; (it linearizes &lt;math&gt;f&lt;/math&gt;)&quot; Jean-Christophe Yoccoz&lt;ref&gt;Jean-Christophe Yoccoz Small Divisors: Number Theory in Dynamical Systems, page 46&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[:w:Linearization|linearization in english wikipedia]]
* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Siegel_disks/Linearization Linearization in scholarpedia]
*  &quot;System is linearizable at the origin if and only if there exists a change of coordinates which linearizes the system, that is, all the coefficients of the normal form vanish.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82274000.pdf Integrability and Linearizability of the Lotka^Volterra System with a Saddle Point with Rational Hyperbolicity Ratio by  Simon Gravel and Pierre Thibault]&lt;/ref&gt; 
[[File:Linearisierung mit inverser funktion.png|thumb|right|Linearization with inverse function]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUjXjquUqYQ&amp;t=13s Systèmes dynamiques linéaires 1 : introduction, systèmes dynamiques linéaires à temps discret by Emmanuel Risler]

Examples:
* Parabolic Linearization

===Linearisation Theorems===
Dynamics of f near a fixed or periodic point&lt;ref&gt;[https://webspace.maths.qmul.ac.uk/s.r.bullett/LTCCcourse/Holodyn2013notes%20week2.pdf Shaun Bullett:  Holomorphic Dynamics and Hyperbolic Geometry (LTCC Feb-March 2013) notes]&lt;/ref&gt;

In the neighbourhood of a fixed point, which we take to be 0, 

:&lt;math&gt;f(z) = \lambda z+{O}(z^2 )&lt;/math&gt; 

(Taylor series with big O notation), where &lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt; is [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Multiplier_2|the multiplier at the fixed point]]. We say that f is linearisable if there is a neighbourhood U on which f is conjugate to &lt;math&gt;z \to \lambda z&lt;/math&gt; (by a complex analytic conjugacy).

Examples:
* Koenigs’ Linearization Theorem 1884
* Boettcher 1904

==Mating==
Mating &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.7934 On The Notions of Mating by Carsten Lunde Petersen, Daniel Meyer]&lt;/ref&gt;


==Moebius Transformation==
* [[Fractals/moebius|Moebius transformation]]

==Monodromy==


Types&lt;ref&gt;[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-54663-2%205 Book: Linear Differential Equations in the Complex Domain by Yoshishige Haraoka]&lt;/ref&gt;
* the local monodromy, which describes the change of the fundamental system of solutions caused by the analytic continuation along a loop encircling a regular singular point. 
* the (global) monodromy, which describes the changes caused by global analytic continuations

==Normalization==
Normalize
* normalize = transformation to the model&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781402019289 Normal Forms, Bifurcations and Finiteness Problems in Differential Equations by  Yulij Ilyashenko, Christiane Rousseau, Gert Sabidussi]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot; normalize this vector so it has modulus one &quot; A Cheritat
* move fixed point to the origin (z = 0) 
* mapping the range of variable to standard range
** [0.0, 1.0]
** [0,255], like rgb values
* converting closed curve to unit circle
* converting closed curves to concentric circles with center at the origin&lt;ref&gt;[https://towardsdatascience.com/gradient-descent-algorithm-and-its-variants-10f652806a3 towardsdatascience: gradient-descent-algorithm-and-its-variants]&lt;/ref&gt;

See also:
* uniformization
* renormalization

==Parametrization==
* Parametrization is the process of finding parametric equations of a curve&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1251457/what-is-parameterization/1251525#1251525 math.stackexchange question: what-is-parameterization]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Perturbation==
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Mandelbrot_set/mandelbrot#Perturbation_theory|Perturbation technque]] for fast rendering the deep zoom images of the Mandelbrot set&lt;ref&gt;[http://dinkydauset.deviantart.com/journal/Perturbation-for-the-Mandelbrot-set-450766847 Perturbation for the Mandelbrot set by DinkydauSet, Apr 28, 2014, 3:46:13 PM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* perturbation of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/parabolic|parabolic point]] &lt;ref&gt;[http://num.math.uni-goettingen.de/~summer/cheritat.pdf PARABOLIC IMPLOSION A MINI-COURSE ARNAUD CHERITAT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* use perturbation theory to approximate the solutions of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#differential|the differential equations]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Perturbation%20theory%20(dynamical%20systems) scholarpedia article: Perturbation theory (dynamical systems)]&lt;/ref&gt;
* perturbation of point x: &lt;math&gt; x \to x + \epsilon &lt;/math&gt; where epsilon is absolute value of approximation error&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Approximation_error|wikipedia: Approximation error]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* adding some small value ( epsilon denoted by [[Help:Formulas|Greek letter]]  &lt;math&gt; \epsilon &lt;/math&gt;) to the constant value to see how function changes near hard to analyze values

==Renormalization==
* logistic map renormalization&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Logistic_map#Renormalization_estimate|Logistic map: Renormalizationestimate in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#renormalizable|renormalization of the point]]
* [[Fractals/mandel#Demo_5:_renormalization|Demo 5: renormalization from program mandel]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgjP6NTWUbo Mitsuhiro Shishikura: Renormalization in complex dynamics]

&quot;to any quadratic map f we can associate a canonical sequence of periods p1 &lt; p2 &lt;... for which f is renormalizable. 

Depending on whether the sequence is:
* empty
* finite
* infinite
the map f is called respectively:
* non-renormalizable
* at most finitely renormalizable
* infinitely renormalizable&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://smf4.emath.fr/Publications/Gazette/2007/113/smf_gazette_113_45-50.pdf Baby Mandelbrot sets, Renormalization and MLC Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;


&quot;Sectorial renormalizations are useful in the nonlinearizable situation. &quot; Ricardo Pérez-Marco&lt;ref&gt;[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01710692/document ON QUASI-INVARIANT CURVES by Ricardo Pérez-Marco]&lt;/ref&gt;


 The self-similarity is a result of something called &quot;renormalization&quot; (which as far as I know is not related to the concept with the same name in quantum field theory). Jim Belk&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathoverflow.net/questions/347884/fine-structure-of-bifurcation-diagram-of-logistic-family mathoverflow question: fine-structure-of-bifurcation-diagram-of-logistic-family]&lt;/ref&gt;


Examples: 
* Near parabolic renormalization for unicritical holomorphic maps&lt;ref&gt;[http://Near%20parabolic%20renormalization%20for%20unicritical%20holomorphic%20maps Near Parabolic Renormalization for Unicritical Holomorphic Maps by Arnaud Chéritat. Arnold Mathematical Journal https://doi.org/10.1007/s40598-020-00172-6]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [https://www.complexityexplorer.org/courses/67-introduction-to-renormalization how theories change as we move to more or less detailed descriptions is known as renormalization. ] by Simon DeDeo

==Separation==
* &quot;the double fixed point 0 of &lt;math&gt;f_{\epsilon}&lt;/math&gt; usually splits into two fixed points. ... These points separate at some speed&quot; ( PARABOLIC IMPLOSION. A MINI-COURSE by ARNAUD CHERITAT )

==Surgery==
* surgery in differential topology &lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Surgery theory|wikipedioa: Surgery theory]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* regluing &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mccme.ru/~timorin/publ/RegPresentation.pdf Regluing of rational functions by Vladlen Timorin]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Circle-surgery.svg|Surgery on the circle
File:Sphere-surgery1.png|Surgery on the sphere
&lt;/gallery&gt;

Links:
* http://mathoverflow.net/questions/tagged/surgery-theory

==Tuning==
* definition
** M-set and Julia set&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/tuning.html Tuning  From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2014.]&lt;/ref&gt;
** external angles

examples of external angles tuning&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathr.co.uk/web/m-tuning.html Online tuning in the Mandelbrot set by Claude Heiland-Allen	]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/subwake|subwake]]
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/island t|island]]


&quot;tuning is a procedure to replace the bounded superattracting Fatou components with the copies of a filled Julia set of another polynomial and respect some combinatorial properties. Douady-Hubbard proved any quadratic polynomial which has a periodic critical point can be tuned with any quadratic polynomials in the Mandelbrot set M.&quot; YIMIN WANG&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00732 Primitive tuning for non-hyperbolic polynomials by Yimin Wang 2021]&lt;/ref&gt;

Types
* PRIMITIVE TUNING

==Uniformization==
 Uniformization of 
* Hyperbolic Components of Mandelbrot set to the unit disc = [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Multiplier_map|multiplier map]]
* basin of superattractive fixed point -  Bottcher map (The Bottcher uniformization theorem)

==Vectorisation==

= property or feature =

==behavior==
* local behavior is the behavior of a complex analytic function near some point (fixed, periodic) = Local theory of periodic orbits = local dynamics
* global behavior

==chaos==
Universal routes to chaotic behavior (routes into chaos, deterministic chaos)
* period doubling route to chaos
* the Pomeau-Manneville scenario
* the Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario,

==Density==
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322256853_High_Density_Nodes_in_the_Chaotic_Region_of_1D_Discrete_Maps  High Density Nodes in the Chaotic Region of 1D Discrete Maps by George Livadiotis  January 2018Entropy 20(1):24 DOI: 10.3390/e20010024, LicenseCC BY 4.0]

===density of the image===
[[Fractals/Computer_graphic_techniques/2D/algorithms#dense_image|Dense image]]&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Dense_set|Wikipedia: dense set]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathoverflow.net/questions/187842/is-there-an-almost-dense-set-of-quadratic-polynomials-which-is-not-in-the-inte/254533#254533 mathoverflow question: is-there-an-almost-dense-set-of-quadratic-polynomials-which-is-not-in-the-inte/254533#254533]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/programming/dense-image/ fractalforums: dense-image]&lt;/ref&gt;
* downsaling with gamma correction&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.univ-toulouse.fr/~cheritat/wiki-draw/index.php/Mandelbrot_set A Cheritat wiki: see image showing gamma-correct downscale of dense part of Mandelbropt set ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* path finding&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/mandelbrot-and-julia-set/pathfinding-in-the-mandelbrot-set/  fractal forums: pathfinding-in-the-mandelbrot-set/]&lt;/ref&gt;
* supersampling: &quot;ots of detail but fractal fades away as you get more accurate, as n increases in nxn supersampling&quot; TGlad

==Hyperbolic/parabolic/eliptic==

The meaning of the terms &quot;elliptic, hyperbolic, parabolic&quot; in different disciplines in mathematics&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.quora.com/Where-is-the-best-summary-on-the-meaning-of-the-terms-elliptic-hyperbolic-parabolic-as-used-in-different-disciplines-in-mathematics quora: Where-is-the-best-summary-on-the-meaning-of-the-terms-elliptic-hyperbolic-parabolic-as-used-in-different-disciplines-in-mathematics]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[:w:Partial_differential_equation|PDE (Linear Second Order PDE’s in two Independent Variables)]]: 
* [[Fractals/moebius|Moebius transformations]]: &lt;ref&gt;[https://mathr.co.uk/web/moebius-transformation.html moebius-transformation by Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathr.co.uk/blog/2015-02-06_interpolating_moebius_transformations.html 2015-02-06_interpolating_moebius_transformations by Claude Heiland-Allen	]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Discrete local complex dynamics 
* Conic section 
* Quadratic form
* Probability distributions.

==Invariant==

sth is invariant with respect to the transformation = non modified, steady

Topological methods for the analysis of dynamical systems

Invariants type 
* metric invariants
* dynamical invariants,
* topological invariants.

===dynamical===
Dynamical invariants = invariants of the dynamical system 
* periodic points
** fixed point
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Invariant|invariant curve]]
** periodic ray
*** external: [https://arxiv.org/abs/1504.05463 fixed curves near fixed point]
*** internal

Dynamical Invariants Derived from Recurrence Plots&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.recurrence-plot.tk/invariants.php N. Marwan, M. C. Romano, M. Thiel, J. Kurths: Recurrence Plots for the Analysis of Complex Systems, Physics Reports, 438(5-6), 237-329, 2007.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Orientation==
* A compass rose: Notice that the convention for measuring angles is different to the convention we used in the unit circle definition of the trigonometric functions. 
** Firstly 0o is North, rather than the x axis. 
** Secondly the direction in which angles increase is clockwise rather than counter-clockwise.
* Unit circle :
** the direction in which angles increase is counter-clockwise
** angle zero  is the x axis direction
* Cartesian coordinate system&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2656595/direction-of-x-axis-with-respect-to-y-axis-in-cartesian-coordinate-system math.stackexchange  question: direction-of-x-axis-with-respect-to-y-axis-in-cartesian-coordinate-system]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
Compass rose.png
Unit circle angles.svg
Unitycircle-complex.gif
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== smooth==
smooth = changing without visible (noticeable) edges

use:
* smooth gradient

similar:
* continuous

compare:
* discrete

==Stability==
* stability of quasiperiodic motion  under small perturbation. In the celestial mechanics dynamics of 3 bodies around sun is described by the system of differential equations. In such case it &quot;becomes fantastically complicated and remains largely mysterious even today.&quot; See KAM = Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theorem and small divisor problem
* stability of the fixed point under small perturbation
* there is equivalence (for |f′(0)| ≤ 1) of stability (a topological notion) and linearizability (an analytical notion)


Compare with:
* [[:w:Shadowing_lemma|shadowing lemma]]
* Sensitive dependence on initial conditions - [[:w:Butterfly_effect|Butterfly effect]]

=Radius=

== Radius of complex number==
The absolute value or modulus or magnitude or radius of a complex number 

==Conformal radius==

Conformal radius of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/siegel|Siegel Disk]] &lt;ref&gt;[[w:Conformal radius|Wikipedia: Conformal radius]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Siegel_disks/Quadratic_Siegel_disks scholarpedia: Quadratic Siegel disks]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Escape radius (ER) ==

Escape radius (ER) or bailout value  is a radius of circle centered at origin (z=0). This set is used as a target set in the bailout test ([[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Julia set#Basin of attraction to infinity .3D exterior of filled-in Julia set and The Divergence Scheme .3D Escape Time Method .28 ETM .29|escape time method = ETM]])

===Minimal===

Minimal Escape Radius should be grater or equal to 2:
 &lt;math&gt; ER  =  max ( 2 , |c| )\,&lt;/math&gt;

Better estimation is:&lt;ref&gt;Julia Sets of Complex Polynomials and Their Implementation on the Computer by Christoph Martin Stroh&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/mandelbrot-and-julia-set/bounding-circle-of-julia-sets/ fractalforums: bounding circle of julia sets by knighty]&lt;/ref&gt;

 &lt;math&gt;ER = \frac{1}{2} +\sqrt{\frac{1}{4} + |c| }&lt;/math&gt;

===crossing===

'''How to choose parameters for which level curves cross critical point (and its preimages)?''' Choose escape radius equal to n=th iteration of critical value. 


&lt;gallery caption = &quot;level curves cross at critical point&quot;&gt;
Time escape Julia set from coordinate (0.285, 0).jpg| not cross 
Imploded cauliflower LSM.png| cross
Interior of the Cauliflower Julia set.png | cross
&lt;/gallery&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;c&quot;&gt;
// find such ER for LSM/J that level curves croses critical point and it's preimages
double GiveER(int i_Max){

	complex double z= 0.0; // critical point
	int i;
	 ; // critical point escapes very fast here. Higher valus gives infinity
	for (i=0; i&lt; i_Max; ++i ){
		z=z*z +c; 
	 
	 }
	 
	 return cabs(z);
	
	
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


Another way:  choose the parameter c such that it is on an escape line, then the critical value will be on an escape line as well.

==Inner radius==
Inner radius of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/siegel|Siegel Disc]]  
* radius of inner circle, where inner circle with center at fixed point is the biggest circle inside Siegel Disc.
* minimal distance between center of Siel Disc and critical orbit

==Internal radius ==

Internal radius is a:
* absolute value of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier|multiplier]] &lt;math&gt;r = |\lambda|  &lt;/math&gt;


See also: the N-2 rule&lt;ref&gt;[http://users.math.yale.edu/public_html/People/frame/Fractals/MandelSet/MandelCombinatorics/N2Scaling/N2Scaling.html The Mandelbrot Set and Julia Sets  Combinatorics in the Mandelbrot Set - The 1/n2 rule, and deviations from it]&lt;/ref&gt;

=Sequences=

A [[Fractals/Mathematics/sequences|sequence]] is an ordered list of objects (or events).&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Sequence|Wikipedia: Sequence]]&lt;/ref&gt;

A series is the sum of the terms of a sequence of numbers.&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Series (mathematics)|Wikipedia: series]]&lt;/ref&gt; Some times these names are not used as in above definitions.


==Itinerary==
&lt;math&gt;S(x)&lt;/math&gt; is an itinerary of point x under the map f relative to the paritirtion.

It is a right-infinite sequence of zeros and ones &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.math.pmf.unizg.hr/~sonja/StructureNR.pdf Structure of Inverse Limit Spaces of Tent Maps with Nonrecurrent Critical Points by Brian Raines and Sonja Stimac]&lt;/ref&gt;

  &lt;math&gt; S(x) = s_1s_2s_3...s_n&lt;/math&gt;

where

Examples: 
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/wake|internal angle and wake]]

For [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Rotation map|rotation map]] &lt;math&gt;R_{p/q}&lt;/math&gt; and invariant interval &lt;math&gt;I&lt;/math&gt; (circle):

 &lt;math&gt; I = (0,1] &lt;/math&gt;

one can compute &lt;math&gt; x_c&lt;/math&gt;:

  &lt;math&gt; x_c = 1 - \frac{p}{q}&lt;/math&gt;

and split interval into 2 subintervals (lower circle partition): 
 
 &lt;math&gt; I_0 =(0,x_c]&lt;/math&gt;
 
 &lt;math&gt; I_1 =(x_c, 1]&lt;/math&gt;

then compute s according to it's relation with critical point:

&lt;math&gt; s_n = \begin{cases}
0 : x_n &lt; x_c \\
1 : x_n &gt; x_c
\end{cases}

&lt;/math&gt;

Itinerary can be converted&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cns.gatech.edu/~predrag/papers/henonNonl.pdf Bifurcation structures in maps of Henon type by  Kai T Hansen and Predrag Cvitanovic]&lt;/ref&gt; to point &lt;math&gt;x \in [0, 1]&lt;/math&gt;

 &lt;math&gt; \gamma(S_n) = 0.s_1s_2s_3...s_n = \sum_{n=0}^{n-1}\frac{s_n}{2^n} = x_n&lt;/math&gt;


=== itinerary with respect to a critical portrait ===

==kneading sequence==

* &quot;the kneading sequence of an external angle ϑ (here ϑ = 1/6) is defined as the itinerary of the orbit of ϑ under angle doubling, where the itinerary is taken with respect to the partition formed by the angles ϑ/2, and (ϑ + 1)/2 &quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~bruin/talks/Biac_talk.pdf Hausdorff dimension of biaccessible angles of quadratic Julia sets and of the Mandelbrot set by Henk Bruin and Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The itinerary ν = ν1ν2ν3 . . . of the critical value is called the kneading sequence.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~bruin/papers/bs_admis.pdf ADMISSIBILITY OF KNEADING SEQUENCES AND STRUCTURE OF HUBBARD TREES FOR QUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS by HENK BRUIN AND DIERK SCHLEICHER]&lt;/ref&gt; One can start from the critical point but neglect the initial symbol. Such sequence is computed with [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Hubbard_tree|the Hubbard tree]]


&lt;gallery caption = &quot;Paritition of dynamic plane related with kneading sequence&quot;&gt;
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 4.svg| 1/4
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 1 6.svg| 1/6 preperiod = 1  and  period = 2
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 9 56.svg|9/56 preperiod = 3  and  period = 3
Paritition of dynamic plane of quadratic polynomial for 129 over 16256.svg| 129/16256
&lt;/gallery&gt;

See also:
* [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Kneading_theory kneading theory]
* [[:w:Milnor–Thurston_kneading_theory|Milnor–Thurston_kneading_theory in wikipedia]]
* combinatorial dynamics

==Thue–Morse sequence==

Thue–Morse sequence
* how to compute it&lt;ref&gt;[https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Thue-Morse rosetta code: Thue-Morse]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Orbit==
[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Orbit|Orbit]] can be:
* forward = [[Fractals/Mathematics/sequences|sequence]] of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Points|points]]
* backward (inverse) 
** tree in case of multivalued function
** sequence

=Series=

A series is the sum of the terms of a sequence of numbers.&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Series (mathematics)|Wikipedia: series]]&lt;/ref&gt; Some times these names are not used as in above definitions.

==Taylor==
* Taylor series and Mandelbrot set&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.quora.com/Why-is-the-Mandelbrot-set-a-fractal quora: Why-is-the-Mandelbrot-set-a-fractal? Answer by Anders Kaseorg]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The Existence and Uniqueness of the Taylor Series of Iterated Functions &lt;ref&gt;[http://tetration.org/IF.pdf The Existence and Uniqueness of the Taylor Series of Iterated Functions by Daniel Geisler]&lt;/ref&gt;

=Set=

==Attracting set==
Informal definition: 
   &quot;an attracting set for a dynamical system is a closed subset A of its phase space such that for &quot;many&quot; choices of initial point the system will evolve towards A .&quot; John W Milnor&lt;ref&gt;[http://scholarpedia.org/article/Attractor scholarpedia.org: Attractor]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Continuum==

definition&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Continuum (set theory)|Wikipedia: Continuum in set theory]]&lt;/ref&gt;


==Band==

===chaotic band===
{{multiple image
|perrow = 1  
| total_width = 800 
| image_style = border:none; 
| align = middle
|header = Chaotic bands from B0 to B10
|image1 = Mandelbrot set - real slice chotic band 0.png
|image2 = Mandelbrot set - real slice chotic band 1.png
|image3 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_2.png
|image4 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_3.png
|image5 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_4.png
|image6 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_5.png
|image7 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_6.png
|image8 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_7.png
|image9 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_8.png
|image10 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_9.png
|image11 = Mandelbrot_set_-_real_slice_chotic_band_10.png
}}


period-&lt;math&gt;2^n&lt;/math&gt; chaotic band &lt;math&gt;B_n&lt;/math&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.tic.itefi.csic.es/gerardo/publica/Pastor97a.pdf Harmonic structure of one-dimensional quadratic maps by G. Pastor, M. Romera, and F. Montoya]&lt;/ref&gt;
* is between [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/misiurewicz#primary_separator|Misiurewicz points (primary separators)]] &lt;math&gt;m_{n}&lt;/math&gt; and  &lt;math&gt;m_{n+1}&lt;/math&gt;
* it's biggest midget has period &lt;math&gt;3*2^n&lt;/math&gt;
* contains Sharkovsky subsequence: sequence of [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Islands|islands]] for periods: &lt;math&gt;(2k+1)\cdot2^n&lt;/math&gt; for k = 1, 2, ..... (in the increasing order = increasing from left to right). These are first appearance of hyperbolic components with such period in Sharkowsky ordering
* is on n-place in [[Fractals/Mathematics/sequences#Sharkovsky_ordering|Sharkowsky ordering]]


:&lt;math&gt;m_{n}  \prec B_n \prec m_{n+1}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;m_{n}  \prec (2k+1)\cdot2^n  \prec m_{n+1}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;m_{n}  \prec (2+1)\cdot2^n \prec (4+1)\cdot2^n  \prec (6+1)\cdot2^n \prec ...  \prec m_{n+1}&lt;/math&gt;


:&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{cccccccc}
3 &amp; 5 &amp; 7 &amp; 9 &amp; 11 &amp; \ldots &amp; (2n+1)\cdot2^{0} &amp; \ldots\\
3\cdot2 &amp; 5\cdot2 &amp; 7\cdot2 &amp; 9\cdot2 &amp; 11\cdot2 &amp; \ldots &amp; (2n+1)\cdot2^{1} &amp; \ldots\\
3\cdot2^{2} &amp; 5\cdot2^{2} &amp; 7\cdot2^{2} &amp; 9\cdot2^{2} &amp; 11\cdot2^{2} &amp; \ldots &amp; (2n+1)\cdot2^{2} &amp; \ldots\\
3\cdot2^{3} &amp; 5\cdot2^{3} &amp; 7\cdot2^{3} &amp; 9\cdot2^{3} &amp; 11\cdot2^{3} &amp; \ldots &amp; (2n+1)\cdot2^{3} &amp; \ldots\\
\vdots \\
MF
 \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
 
 
=== Dwell bands===

&quot;Dwell bands are regions where the integer iteration count is constant, when the iteration count decreases (increases) by 1 then you have passed a dwell band going outwards (inwards). &quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/animations-showcase-(rate-my-short-animation)/binary-decomposition-and-external-angles/ fractalforums: binary-decomposition-and-external-angles by Claude]&lt;/ref&gt;
Other names:
* level sets of integer escape time

==Basin==


Basin can consist of
* one component, like basin of infinity
*

===of attraction===
definitions:
* An attractor's basin of attraction is the region of the phase space, over which iterations are defined, such that any point (any initial condition) in that region will asymptotically be iterated into the attractor
* The collection of all points whose iterates under f converge to the attractor &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2014/539707/ Alicia Cordero, Fazlollah Soleymani, Juan R. Torregrosa, Stanford Shateyi, &quot;Basins of Attraction for Various Steffensen-Type Methods&quot;, Journal of Applied Mathematics, vol. 2014, Article ID 539707, 17 pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/539707]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
Diagram of attractor and basin.svg

&lt;/gallery&gt;

====immediate basin of attraction ====
the component of the basin containing the periodic point itself 

Examples
* basin of infinity (whole basin = one component)


&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;A_{f}(\infty) \ \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \ \{ z \in \mathbb{C} : f^{(k)} (z) \to \infty\ as\ k \to \infty \}. &lt;/math&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
Julia immediate basin 1 3.png|1/3
Julia set for f(z) = z*z + 0.375436405964687 +0.248215970457786*I.png| 3/17
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Component==
=== connected component (blob) in the image ===


===Components of parameter plane===
Names:
* mu-atom&lt;ref&gt;[https://mrob.com/pub/muency/muatom.html mu-atom From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2018.  ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* ball
* bud
* bulb
* decoration: &quot;A decoration of the Mandelbrot set M is a part of M cut off by two external rays landing at some tip of a satellite copy of M attached to the main cardioid.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609046 A priori bounds for some infinitely renormalizable quadratics: II. Decorations by Jeremy Kahn, Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* lake 
* lakelet.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/muatom.html Mu-atom From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2013. ]&lt;/ref&gt;


====filament====
from [https://mrob.com/pub/muency/filament.html Mu-Ency]: &quot;Any contiguous subset of the Mandelbrot Set which consists of the infinitely convoluted and branching structures that connect the island mu-molecules to each other.&quot;

Some colloquial names for filaments: 
* antenna
** main antenna
* spike
* spoke.

  &quot;A filament consists of a) minibrots and b) limit points of sequences of those minibrots. The latter include Misiurewicz points (rational external angles, one for filament termini and two or more for interior points such as multi-armed spiral centers) and other points (with irrational external angles).
  My intuition says if you zoom to a succession of smaller minis along a filament, if this is done in a pattern for infinitely long you tend to a Misiurewicz point, and if it's done randomly for infinitely long you tend to an irrational point. But I have no proof of this. 
  Other noninterior points on filaments mostly belong to individual minibrots: cardioid cusps (two rational external angles, odd denominator) and minibrot-filament branch tips (Misiurewicz points, two rational external angles, even denominator). 
  There is one last point: the exact base of the filament where it attaches to something (minibrot or main set). This point has irrational external angles. The Feigenbaum point at the base of the spike is one of these.&quot; pauldelbrot&lt;ref&gt;[https://fractalforums.org/fractal-mathematics-and-new-theories/28/re-how-thick-are-the-filaments/720/msg3643 fractalforums.org: how-thick-are-the-filaments]&lt;/ref&gt;

====Islands====
Names: 
* mini Mandelbrot set 
* 'baby'-Mandelbrot set 
* island mu-molecules = embedded copy of the Mandelbrot Set&lt;ref&gt;[http://mrob.com/pub/muency/islandmumolecule.html Island Mu-Molecule  by Robert P. Munafo, 2012 Aug 18. ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bug
* Island
* Mandelbrotie
* Midget

List of islands: 
* http://mrob.com/pub/mu-data/largest-islands.txt
* http://mrob.com/pub/muency/largestislands.html
* http://www.math.cornell.edu/~rperez/Documents/maximals.pdf
* http://fraktal.republika.pl/mset_external_ray_mini.html
* http://mathr.co.uk/mandelbrot/feature-database.csv.bz2 (a database of all islands up to period 16, found by tracing external rays): period, islandhood, angled internal address, lower external angle numerator, denominator, upper numerator, denominator, orientation, size, centre realpart, imagpart


features of island
* period
* symbolic sequence
* angled internal address
* lower and upper external angle of rays landing on it's root 
* center ( 
* root
* orientation
* size
* distortion
* tip (Misiurewicz point, 
** c value
** period and preperiod
** lower and upper external angle of rays landing on it

====Primitive and satellite====
&quot;Hyperbolic components come in two kinds, primitive and satellite, depending on the local properties of their roots.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9411238 Internal addresses in the Mandelbrot set and Galois groups of polynomials  by Dierk Schleicher, page 31]&lt;/ref&gt;
* primitive =non-satellite = island
** the root of component is not on the boundary of another component = &quot;it was born from another hyperbolic component by the period increasing bifurcation&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dance-net.org/files/events/rtns2008/materiales/notes_lyubich.pdf notes by Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt; 
** ones that have a cusp likes the main cardioid, when the little Julia sets are disjoint &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.math.stonybrook.edu/jackfest/Talks/Lomanaco.pdf Satellite copies of the Mandelbrot set by  Luna Lomonaco]&lt;/ref&gt;
* satellite 
**  ones that don't have a cusp&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathoverflow.net/questions/165335/precise-location-of-the-mandelbrot-bulb-attachment-to-the-main-cardioid/165449#165449 mathoverflow: precise-location-of-the-mandelbrot-bulb-attachment-to-the-main-cardioid]&lt;/ref&gt; 
** it's root is on the boundary of another hyperbolic component &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.math.qc.edu/~zakeri/papers/mbiacc_new.pdf ON BIACCESSIBLE POINTS OF THE MANDELBROT SET by  SAEED ZAKERI]&lt;/ref&gt; 
** when the little Julia sets touch at their β-fixed point

====primare ====

====Child (Descendant) and the parent (ancestor)====
* ancestor of hyperbolic component
* descendant of hyperbolic component = child &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/child.html Child From the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2013.]&lt;/ref&gt;

====Hyperbolic component of Mandelbrot set====
[[File:Mandelbrot set Components.jpg|right|thumb|Boundaries of hyperbolic components of Mandelbrot set]]
Domain is an [[w:open set|open]] [[w:connected space|connected]] subset of a complex plane.

&quot;A '''hyperbolic component''' H of Mandelbrot set is a maximal domain (of parameter plane) on which &lt;math&gt;f_c\,&lt;/math&gt; has an attracting periodic orbit.

A '''center''' of a H is a parameter  &lt;math&gt; c_0 \in H\,&lt;/math&gt; (or [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Center of hyperbolic component|point]] of parameter plane)  such that the corresponding periodic orbit has [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Multiplier|multiplier]]= 0.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~lrempe/workshops/liv_jan_08/surgery1.pdf Surgery in Complex Dynamics by Carsten Lunde Petersen, online paper]&lt;/ref&gt;

A hyperbolic component is narrow  if it contains no component of equal or lesser period  in its wake &lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/math/9411238 Internal addresses in the Mandelbrot set and irreducibility of polynomials by Dierk Schleicher]&lt;/ref&gt;

features of hyperbolic component
* period
* islandhood (shape = cardiod or circle)
* angled internal address
* lower and upper external angle of rays landing on it's root 
* center ( 
* root
* orientation
* size


Abreviations:
* LAHCs = the last appearance HCs  placed in the chaotic region

====Limb====
*  The part of the Mandelbrot set contained in the wake together with the root &lt;math&gt;c_H&lt;/math&gt; is called the limb &lt;math&gt;L_H&lt;/math&gt; of the Mandelbrot set originated at H (hyperbolic component of the Mandelbrot set)&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9503215 Dynamics of quadratic polynomials, I: Combinatorics and geometry of the Yoccoz puzzle by Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Limb and hyperbolic Julia set for rotation number 13 over 34.png|right|thumbnail|13/34 limb and wake on the left image]]
'''p/q-limb''' is a part of Mandelbrot set contained inside [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Wake|p/q-wake]]

For every rational number &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{p}{q}&lt;/math&gt;, where ''p'' and ''q'' are relatively prime, a hyperbolic component of period ''q'' bifurcates from the main cardioid. The part of the Mandelbrot set connected to the main cardioid at this bifurcation point is called the '''''p''/''q''-limb'''. Computer experiments suggest that the diameter of the limb tends to zero like &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{1}{q^2}&lt;/math&gt;. The best current estimate known is the Yoccoz-inequality, which states that the size tends to zero like &lt;math&gt;\tfrac{1}{q}&lt;/math&gt;.

A period-''q'' limb will have ''q''&amp;nbsp;−&amp;nbsp;1 &quot;antennae&quot; at the top of its limb. We can thus determine the period of a given bulb by counting these antennas.

In an attempt to demonstrate that the thickness of the ''p''/''q''-limb is zero, David Boll carried out a computer experiment in 1991, where he computed the number of iterations required for the series to converge for z = &lt;math&gt;-\tfrac{3}{4} + i\epsilon&lt;/math&gt; (&lt;math&gt;-\tfrac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; being the location thereof). As the series doesn't converge for the exact value of z = &lt;math&gt;-\tfrac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt;, the number of iterations required increases with a small ε. It turns out that multiplying the value of ε with the number of iterations required yields an approximation of π that becomes better for smaller ε. For example, for ε = 0.0000001 the number of iterations is 31415928 and the product is 3.1415928.&lt;ref&gt;Gary William Flake, ''The Computational Beauty of Nature'', 1998. p. 125. {{ISBN|978-0-262-56127-3}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Types:&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9503215 Dynamics of quadratic polynomials, I: Combinatorics and geometry of the Yoccoz puzzle by Mikhail Lyubich]&lt;/ref&gt;
* The limbs attached to the main cardioid are called primary. 
* Let H be a hyperbolic component attached to the main cardioid. The limbs attached to such a component are called secondary
* We refer to a truncated limb if we remove from it a neighborhood of its root


As n tends to infinity the limbs converge to a '''limiting elephant'''. See [[Fractals/mandel#page_10|demo 2 page 10 from program Mandel by Wolf Jung]]

====molecule====
* The main molecule is the union of all hyperbolic components attached to the main cardioid through a chain of finitely many components.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.08446 Counting Hyperbolic Components in the Main Molecule by Schinella D'Souza]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* island mu-molecule =  island mu-unit &lt;ref&gt;[https://mrob.com/pub/muency/island.html the Mandelbrot Set Glossary and Encyclopedia, by Robert Munafo, (c) 1987-2018]&lt;/ref&gt;

====shrub====
* &quot;what emerges from Myrrberg-Feigenbaum point is what we denominate a shrub due to its shape&quot; M Romera
* filament, 
* chaotic part of the p/q limb: &quot;The chaotic region is made up of an infinity of hyperbolic components mounted on an infinity of shrub branches in each one of the infinity shrubs of the family.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/39503126%20Shrubs%20in%20the%20Mandelbrot%20Set%20Ordering Romera, Miguel &amp; Pastor, Gerardo &amp; Alvarez, Gonzalo &amp; Vitini, Fausto. (2003). Shrubs in the Mandelbrot Set Ordering. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos. 13. 10.1142/S0218127403007941. ]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples
* main antenna is a shrub of &lt;math&gt;F_{1/2}&lt;/math&gt; family


'''representative of a branch''' is the smallest period hyperboloic componenet in the branch

====spokes====

&quot;Colloquial term for a filament, specifically one of the &quot;arms&quot; radiating from a branch point.&quot; - from [https://mrob.com/pub/muency/spoke.html Mu-Ency]

====Wake====
[[File:Wakes of Mandelbrot Set to Period 10.jpg|thumbnail|right|Wakes of Mandelbrot Set to Period 10]]
[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/wake|'''p/q-wake''']] is the region of parameter plane  enclosed by two external rays landing on the same root point on the boundary of main cardioid (period 1 hyperbolic component).

Angles of the external rays that land on the root point one can find by:
* [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/wake|Combinatorial algorithm = Devaney's method]]
* [[Fractals/book#angles|book program by Claude Heiland-Allen]]
* [[Fractals/mandel#Wake|wake function from program Mandel by Wolf Jung]]

'''p/q-Subwake of W''' is a wake of a p/q-satellite component of W

[[File:Mandel ie 1 3.jpg|thumb|right|Wake 1/3 (bounded by 2 external rays) and internal ray 1/3]]

wake is named after:
* rotation number p/q (as above) 
* angles of external rays landing in it's root point: &quot;If two M-rays &lt;math&gt;R_M(\theta \pm)&lt;/math&gt; land at the same point &lt;math&gt;c_0&lt;/math&gt; we denote by wake &lt;math&gt;(\theta \pm)&lt;/math&gt; the component of &lt;math&gt;\mathbb{C} \setminus R_M(\theta +)  \cup R_M(\theta -) \cup \{c_0\}&lt;/math&gt; which does not contain 0.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://math.univ-angers.fr/~tanlei/papers/root.pdf Local properties of the Mandelbrot set at parabolic points by  Tan Lei]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Components of dynamical plane ===
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Fatou_set#components|Fatou set components]]
* components of interior of Julia sets

&lt;gallery&gt;
Julia set for f(z) = z*z -0.6978381951224250+0.2793041341013660 ( components and attracting cycle).png|superattracting 
Fatou componenets 3.png|parabolic
Quadratic Golden Mean Siegel Disc IIM Animated.gif|Inverse iteration of Siegel disc component 
&lt;/gallery&gt;
In case of [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/siegel|Siegel dis]]c critical orbit is a boundary of component containing Siegel Disc.


For a quadratic polynomial with a parabolic orbit, the unique Fatou component&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Classification_of_Fatou_components|wikipedia: Classification_of_Fatou_components]]&lt;/ref&gt; containing the critical value will be called the '''characteristic Fatou component'''; (Dierk Schleicher in Rational Parameter Rays of the Mandelbrot Set)

  &quot;for rational maps (iterating maps of the form f(x)=p(x)/q(x) where p,q are polynomials) result in 1, 2 or infinitely many components.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/25645/quasiconformal-automorphism-groups-of-julia-sets math.stackexchange question: quasiconformal-automorphism-groups-of-julia-sets]&lt;/ref&gt;


See also:
* interior and exterior of filled Julia set for polynomials
* immediate basin of attraction

==Domain==
Domain in mathematical analysis it is an open connected set

===Jordan domain ===
&quot;A Jordan domain&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Carathéodory's theorem (conformal mapping)|Wikipedia: Carathéodory's theorem (conformal mapping)]]&lt;/ref&gt; J is the homeomorphic image of a closed disk in E2. The image of the boundary circle is a Jordan curve, which by the Jordan Curve Theorem separates the plane into two open domains, one bounded,
the other not, such that the curve is the boundary of each.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0512622 The intrinsic geometry of a Jordan domain  by Richard L. Bishop]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples:
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/petal|Petal of the Leau-Fatou flower]]


===Canonical domain ===
* One of the simply-connected Riemann surfaces&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253718760%20Incorporating%20topography%20into%20crustal-scale%20wave-equation%20imaging%20through%20conformal%20mapping Incorporating topography into crustal-scale wave-equation imaging through conformal mapping by Jeffrey Shraggec and  Paul Sava]&lt;/ref&gt; 
* characterized by rectangular grid

==Flower==
[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/parabolic#Flower|Lea-Fatu flower]]

==Interval==

a partition of an interval into subintervals
* Markov partition&lt;ref&gt;[http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1075581/definition-of-markov-partition/1075936 math.stackexchange question: definition-of-markov-partition]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Invariant==
sth is invariant if it does't change under transformation

&quot;A subset S of the domain Ω is an invariant set for the system (7.1) if the orbit through a point of S remains in S for all t ∈ R. If the orbit remains in S for t &gt; 0, then S will be said to be positively invariant. Related definitions of sets that are negatively invariant, or locally invariant, can easily be given&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://people.cs.uchicago.edu/~lebovitz/Eodesbook/ds.pdf Norman Lebovitz: Textbook for Mathematics 27300]&lt;/ref&gt;

Examples: 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Invariant_3|invariant set]]
* invariant point = fixed point
* invariant cycle = periodic point
* invariant curve
** invariant circle 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/petal|petal]] = invariant planar set

==Julia set==

===Feigenbaum Julia set===
Julia set for Feigenbaum parameter c

 Successive zooms lead to a Julia set which grows more and more hairs. (Similarly, the Mandelbrot set gains more decorations while limiting on the Feigenbaum point.)
 This leads to the natural question: Does the Julia set of the Feigenbaum quadratic polynomial have positive or zero measure?
 If zero, is its Hausdorff dimension less than 2?&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.impan.pl/konferencje/bcc/2018/18-juliasets/bedlewo%20sutherland.pdf On the Measure of the Feigenbaum Julia Set Scott Sutherland Stony Brook University Joint work with Artem Dudko, IMPAN Bedlewo, Poland 22 March 2018]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Level set==
* a level set of a real-valued function f&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Level set|Wikipedia: Level set]]&lt;/ref&gt; (see also dwell band) 
* Level set methods (LSM)
** [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/Julia_set#Integer_escape_time_.3D_Level_Sets_of_the_Basin_of_Attraction_of_Infinity_.3D_Level_Sets_Method.3D_LSM.2FJ|on the dynamic plane]]
** 

in case of:
* dynamic plane
* integer escape time 
* [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Exterior_of_circle|target set: exterior of the circle]] (used in the escaping test)
===attracting case ===
On the dynamic plane level set is defined: 

&lt;math&gt;L_n= \{z_0 : abs(z_{n-1}) &lt; ER &lt;  abs(z_n) \} \,&lt;/math&gt;

Boundaries of level sets (lemniscates) are

  &lt;math&gt;B_n= \{z_0: abs(z_{n-1}) = ER  \} \,&lt;/math&gt;   


On the parameter plane 

&lt;math&gt;B_n= \{c: \operatorname{abs}(z_n)=ER  \} \,&lt;/math&gt;   

where   
* &lt;math&gt;ER\,&lt;/math&gt; is Escape Radius, bailout value,  radius of circle which is used to measure if orbit of &lt;math&gt;z_0\,&lt;/math&gt;  is bounded; it is integer number
* &lt;math&gt;z, c\,&lt;/math&gt; are complex numbers (points of 2-D planes)
* &lt;math&gt;z\,&lt;/math&gt; is point of dynamical plane (z-plane)
* &lt;math&gt;c \,&lt;/math&gt; is point of parameter plane (c-plane)
* &lt;math&gt;c = x + y*i \,&lt;/math&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;z_{n+1}=f_c(z_n)\,&lt;/math&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;f_c(z) = z^2 + c\,&lt;/math&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;z_{0}= 0 \,&lt;/math&gt; [[w:Complex_quadratic_polynomial| critical point]] of &lt;math&gt;f_c\,&lt;/math&gt;

Then:

&lt;math&gt;B_1=\{c: \operatorname{abs}(c)=ER \} = \{(x+y*i) : \operatorname{sqrt}(x^2 +y^2) =ER \}\,&lt;/math&gt; 
  
&lt;math&gt;B_2=\{c: \operatorname{abs}(c^2 + c)=ER \}= \{(x+y*i) : \operatorname{sqrt}((-y^2+x^2+x)^2+(2*x*y+y)^2)=ER \}\,&lt;/math&gt; 

&lt;math&gt;B_3=\{c: \operatorname{abs}((c^2 + c)^2 + c)=ER \} 

= \{(x+y*i) :\operatorname{sqrt}((y^4-6*x^2*y^2-6*x*y^2-y^2+x^4+2*x^3+x^2+x)^2+(-4*x*y^3-2*y^3+4*x^3*y+6*x^2*y+2*x*y+y)^2)=ER \} \,&lt;/math&gt;

...

&lt;math&gt;B_1\,&lt;/math&gt; is a [[w:circle| circle]],

&lt;math&gt;B_2\,&lt;/math&gt; is an [[w:Cassini oval| Cassini oval]],

&lt;math&gt;B_3\,&lt;/math&gt; is a  pear curve&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PearCurve.html Weisstein, Eric W. &quot;Pear Curve.&quot; From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PearCurve.html ]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.2dcurves.com/higher/higherm.html Mandelbrot lemniscate at 2DCurves by Jan Wassenaar]&lt;/ref&gt;.

These curves tend to boundary of Mandelbrot set as ''n'' goes to infinity.
* If ER &lt; 2 they are inside Mandelbrot set&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Polynomial_lemniscate| Polynomial_lemniscate]]&lt;/ref&gt;.  
* If ER = 2 curves meet together (have common point) c = −2. Thus they can't be equipotential lines.
* If ER ≥ 2 they are outside of Mandelbrot set. They can also be drawn using Level Curves Method.
* If ER &gt;&gt; 2 they approximate equipotential lines (level curves of real potential, see CPM/M).


&lt;gallery caption= &quot;LSM/M&gt;
Lemniscates5.png| lemniscates of Mandelbrot set
File:LCMM.jpg|LCM/J; ER=1000
File:Mandelbrot Leminiscates 2.png| LCM/J but better algorithm, ER = 2
File:Mandel lsm bw.jpg| LSM/J B&amp;W;  ER = 1000
File:MANDEL30.png|LSM/J colour (probably made with Fractint); ER = 2
&lt;/gallery&gt;
===parabolic case ===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Parabolic orbits insidse upper main chessboard box for f(z) = z^2 +0.25.svg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

:&lt;math&gt; \left | z_n - z_f \right | = d &lt;/math&gt;

Where:
* d is a diameter of circle 
** through 2 points: &lt;math&gt;z_n&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;z_f &lt;/math&gt;
** radius r is half of diameter: &lt;math&gt;r = d/2&lt;/math&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;z_n = f^{p*n}(z_{cr})&lt;/math&gt; is n*p iteration of critical point
* fixed point of p iteration of f function &lt;math&gt;z_f: z_f = f^p(z_f)&lt;/math&gt;
* p is a period of the cycle

==Locus==
===Cantor===
The Cantor locus is the unique hyperbolic component, in the moduli space of quadratic rational maps rat2, consisting of maps with totally disconnected Julia sets &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.03798.pdf Limits of Polynomial-like Quadratic Rational Maps III: The Cantor Locus by Eva Uhre]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Connectedness ===
In one-dimensional complex dynamics, the connectedness locus is a subset of the parameter space of rational functions, which consists of those parameters for which the corresponding Julia set is connected.
the Mandelbrot set is a subset of the complex plane that may be characterized as the connectedness locus of a family of polynomial maps.


===Shift===

The shift locus of complex polynomials of degree d ≥ 2 is a collection of polynomials that every critical point escapes to infinity under iterations of itself. The reason we call it a shift polynomial is the following theorem.

The most famous and the simplest one is the exterior of Mandelbrot set, C −M, which is the shift locus of quadratic polynomials S2.&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04218 Monodromy through bifurcation locus of the Mandelbrot set by Hyungryul Baik, Juhun Baik 2023]&lt;/ref&gt;

See also
* monodromy

==Planar set==

a non-separating planar set is a set whose complement in the plane is connected.&lt;ref&gt;[http://people.cas.uab.edu/~ablokh/solar_final.pdf A. Blokh, X. Buff, A. Cheritat, L. Oversteegen The solar Julia sets of basic quadratic Cremer polynomials, Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems, 30 (2010), #1, 51-65]&lt;/ref&gt;


==postsingular ==

&quot;The postsingular set P(f) of a meromorphic function f is the closure of the union of forward iterates of the singular set S(f):&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04581 Prescribing the Postsingular Dynamics of Meromorphic Functions by Christopher J. Bishop, Kirill Lazebnik]&lt;/ref&gt;
  

&lt;math&gt;\overline{\cup^{\infty}_{n=0}  f^n(S(f))}&lt;/math&gt;

===post-critical ===
*  the iterates of the critical set
* &quot;For a rational map of the Riemann sphere f, the post-critical set PC(f) is defined as closure of orbits of all [[Fractals/Iterations_in_the_complex_plane/def_cqp#Critical_3|critical points]] of f. It is proved by Lyubich [Ly83b] that the post-critical set of a rational map is the measure theoretic attractor of points in the Julia set of that map. That is, for every neighborhood of the post-critical set, orbit of almost every point in the Julia set eventually stays in that neighborhood&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://wwwf.imperial.ac.uk/~dcheragh/Research/thesis.pdf Dynamics of complex unicritical polynomials. A Dissertation Presented by Davoud Cheraghi]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;The postcritical set P(f) of a rational map f is the smallest forward invariant subset of that contains the critical values of f.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www-personal.umich.edu/~kochsc/postcritical.pdf On the postcritical set of a rational map by Laura G. DeMarco, Sarah C. Koch and Curtis T. McMullen]&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;The analysis of the post-critical set plays a central role in the dynamics of rational maps, mainly because of the following two properties: 
** the set of attracting cycles is always finite for rational maps f 
** every attracting cycle attracts the orbit of a critical point of f.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.02365 Dynamics of hyperbolic correspondences by Carlos Siqueira]&lt;/ref&gt;

==region==
* Shell-Thron region&lt;ref&gt;[http://math.eretrandre.org/hyperops_wiki/index.php?title=Shell-Thron_region Hyperoperations Wiki: Shell-Thron_region]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sepal==

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/parabolic#Sepal|Sepal]]


==Singular set==

&quot;The singular set S(f) of a meromorphic function f : C → Cˆ is the collection of values w at which one can not define all branches of the inverse f −1 in any neighborhood of w. If f is rational, then S(f) coincides with the collection of critical values of f. If f is transcendental
meromorphic, f −1 may also fail to be defined in a neighborhood of an asymptotic value&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04581 Prescribing the Postsingular Dynamics of Meromorphic Functions by Christopher J. Bishop, Kirill Lazebnik]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Target set==
[[Fractals/target set|Target set]] 
* trap for forward orbit 
* it is a set which captures any orbit tending to fixed / [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Periodic point|periodic point]]

==Trap==

Trap is another name of [[Fractals/target set|the target set]]

=Test=

==Bailout test or escaping test==
[[File:Filled.jpg|right|thumb|Two sets after bailout test: escaping white and non-escaping black]]
[[File:DistanceToFixed.svg|right|thumb|Distance to fixed point for various types of dynamics]]

It is used to check if point z on [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Julia set|dynamical plane]] is escaping to infinity or not.&lt;ref&gt;[http://richardrosenman.com/shop/fractus/ Fractus doc by  Richard Rosenman]&lt;/ref&gt; It allows to find 2 sets: 
* escaping points (it should be also the whole basing of attraction to infinity)&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Escaping set|Wikipedia: Escaping set]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* not escaping points (it should be the complement of basing of attraction to infinity)

In practice for given IterationMax and Escape Radius:
* some pixels from set of not escaping points may contain points that escape after more iterations then IterationMax (increase IterMax)
* some pixels from escaping set may contain points from thin filaments not choosed by maping from integer to world  (use DEM)

If &lt;math&gt;z_n&lt;/math&gt; is in [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/def cqp#Target set|the target set]] &lt;math&gt;T\,&lt;/math&gt; then &lt;math&gt;z_0&lt;/math&gt; is escaping to infinity (bailouts) after n [[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/q-iterations|forward iterations]] (steps).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nahee.com/spanky/www/fractint/bailout.html fractint doc: bailout]&lt;/ref&gt;

The '''output''' of test can be:
* boolean (yes/no)
* integer:  integer number (value of the last iteration)

Types of bailout test:
* [[Fractals/fractalzoomer#Bailout_Conditions|in Fractalzoom]]
* [http://fraktal.republika.pl/bailout.html other description]
* [https://fractalforums.org/kalles-fraktaler/15/additionnal-bailout-variations-on-kalles-fraktaler/3505/msg21142#msg21142 kf] - p-norm with weights
==Criterion==
criterion = an algorithm which will always give an answer

==Attraction test==

=Theorem=
* The Douady-Hubbard '''landing theorem''' for periodic external rays of polynomial dynamics: 
** &quot;for a complex polynomial f with bounded postcritical set, every periodic external ray lands at a repelling or parabolic periodic point, and conversely every repelling or parabolic point is the landing point of at least one periodic external ray.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.10780 A landing theorem for entire functions with bounded post-singular sets by Anna Miriam Benini, Lasse Rempe-Gillen]&lt;/ref&gt;
** Let f be a polynomial whose postcritical set P(f) is bounded. Then every periodic ray of f lands at a repelling or parabolic periodic point, and conversely every repelling or parabolic periodic point of f is the landing 
point of at least one periodic dynamic ray, and at most finitely may dynamic rays, all of which are periodic with the same period.

* The Douady-Hubbard '''Strumienianin Theorem'''  says that each polynomial-like map g with connected Julia set is hybrid to a unique polynomial up to an affine conjugacy. To determine the straightening uniquely, it is convenient to introduce an external marking for g&lt;ref&gt;[https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00732 Primitive tuning for non-hyperbolic polynomials by Yimin Wang]&lt;/ref&gt;

=References=

&lt;references/&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>23fcx3sojal710f5cz6herupswbqrtb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Haskell/Solutions/Monad transformers</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>189357</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448909</id>
      <parentid>3679047</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T20:47:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abelar</username>
        <id>3427285</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Correct instance MonadTrans declaration.</comment>
      <origin>4448909</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2487" sha1="gf5i1eu5s9k8ukrb883gfmsrylxbqxk" xml:space="preserve">{{Haskell solution}}

== Lifting ==

1.

&lt;code&gt;liftM&lt;/code&gt; can be defined in terms of the &lt;code&gt;Monad&lt;/code&gt; methods, &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;(&gt;&gt;=)&lt;/code&gt;. These are not enough for defining &lt;code&gt;lift&lt;/code&gt;, as how a value in the inner monad should be with the base monad and the transformer depends on what the transformer is like. In particular, the differences between the types wrapped by the transformers, as illustrated in the [[Haskell/Monad_transformers#A_plethora_of_transformers|A plethora of transformers]] section, make a generic implementation impossible.

2.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;haskell&quot;&gt;
newtype IdentityT m a = IdentityT { runIdentityT :: m a }

instance Monad m =&gt; Monad (IdentityT m) where
    return x = IdentityT (return x)
    (IdentityT m) &gt;&gt;= k = IdentityT $ m &gt;&gt;= runIdentityT . k

instance MonadTrans IdentityT where
    lift = IdentityT
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

== Implementing transformers ==

1.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;haskell&quot;&gt;
state :: MonadState s m =&gt; (s -&gt; (a, s)) -&gt; m a
state f = do
    s &lt;- get
    let (x, s') = f s
    put s'
    return x
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

2.

They are not equivalent. Specialising the type of &lt;code&gt;runMaybeT&lt;/code&gt; to work with &lt;code&gt;MaybeT (State s)&lt;/code&gt;, we get:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;haskell&quot;&gt;
-- runMaybeT :: MaybeT m a -&gt; m (Maybe a)
MaybeT (State s) a -&gt; State s (Maybe a)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Doing the same for &lt;code&gt;runStateT&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;StateT s Maybe&lt;/code&gt;, we obtain:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;haskell&quot;&gt;
-- runStateT :: StateT s m a -&gt; s -&gt; m (a, s)
StateT s Maybe a -&gt; s -&gt; Maybe (a, s)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In the first case, we get a &lt;code&gt;State&lt;/code&gt; computation that returns a &lt;code&gt;Maybe a&lt;/code&gt;. In the second, we get a function which, from an initial state of type &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt;, might give back a result and a new state ''or not'', as the result type is &lt;code&gt;Maybe (a, s)&lt;/code&gt;. A &lt;code&gt;Nothing&lt;/code&gt; amidst a &lt;code&gt;MaybeT (State s)&lt;/code&gt; destroys merely the returned result, while in a &lt;code&gt;StateT s Maybe&lt;/code&gt; it destroys the final state as well. This comparison can illustrate some general remarks:

* In general, the order in which monads are stacked matters.
* When a composed monad is unwrapped, the effect of the inner monad has priority over the one of the base monad.
* Failure-handling layers such as &lt;code&gt;MaybeT&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ExceptT&lt;/code&gt; usually go on the top of transformer stacks, so that the effects of the other involved monads are preserved in case of failure.</text>
      <sha1>gf5i1eu5s9k8ukrb883gfmsrylxbqxk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Iranian History/The Later Ghaznavids and the Seljuqs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>191027</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4449007</id>
      <parentid>3834175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:29:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rebelion  &gt;  rebellion</comment>
      <origin>4449007</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6205" sha1="6bzmuru0fmwtd2jqxt1vyn1apmwlu0v" xml:space="preserve">== The Later Ghaznavids ==
=== Masud I ===

Mahmud's son Masud succeeded him on the former's death in 1030. After a shiort civil war, he stabilized himself.  He ruled for a decade during which he witnessed the empire fall apart. In 1037, the capital Ghazni was plundered by the Seljuks. In 1039, the Seljuks launched another raid into Ghaznavid territory. Masud I faced them at Dandanaqan near Merv and suffered a crushing defeat. The western territories of the Ghaznavid Empire, inclouding most of Iran, were thus lost to the Ghaznavids. Following this defeat, Masud I's brother Mohammad rebelled and overthrew Masud I capturing the throne. However, his rule lasted only a few months and Masud I recovered the throne. However, a second uprising in 1041 proved more successful and Masud I was captured and killed

=== Mawdud === 

Soon after his accession, Mawdud launched a campaign to recover the lands lost to the Seljuqs but failed. In 1043, there was a rebellion by Rajput chiefs who laid siege to Lahore, albeit unsuccessfully. While Mwdud consolidated Ghaznavid hold over Afghanistan, most of the conquests in Iran, India and Central Asia were lost to the Ghaznavids. Mawdud died in 1050 and was successded by Masud II. 

=== Later rulers ===

When Masud III died in 1115, a civil war followed. The Seljuqs, seeing their chance, aided one prince against the other. The victorious candidate Shirzad ascended the throne as a vassal of the Seljuqs. During the twelfth century, the Ghurids of Western Afghanistan rapidly rose in power and influence and formed an independent state of their own. In 1151, the Ghurid king, Alauddin Hussain invaded and captured Ghazni. The Ghaznavids shifted their capital to Lahore and ruled till 1186 when their last stronghold Lahore fell to the Ghurid king, Muhammad Ghori. With the capture of Lahore, the rule of the Ghaznavids came to an end.

== The Seljuqs ==

The Seljuqs were a branch of the Oghuz Turks of Central Asia who converted to Islam and settled in the province of Khorasan in Northern Iran in the 10th century AD. They inherited their name from their semi-legendary ancestor Seljuk or Seljuq who lived in latter half of the 10th century AD and the first half of the 11th century.

=== Toghrul I ===

Toghrul I was the first king of the Seljuqs who established an independent Seljuq state in the 11th century AD. He was a grandson of the legendary Seljuq. He fought his first war against the Ghaznavids on behalf of the Karakhanids in 1025 but was defeated by Mahmud Ghaznavi. After Mahmud's death, Toghrul I invaded Ghazni and broke off the whole western part of the Ghaznavid Empire after inflicting a crushing defeat on the Ghaznavid ruler Masud I at the Battle of Dandanaqan in 1040. Following the successful conquest of Iran from the Ghaznavids, Toghrul I established the Seljuk Empire  with its capital at Ray. Between 1040 and 1044, he consolidated his hold on Khorasan and installed Chagri as the Seljuq Governor of Khwarezm. Between 1054 and 1058, he fought the Byzantine Empire and the Fatimids of Anatolia. In 1060, he successfully took Baghdad from the Fatimids on behalf of the Abbasid Caliph. Toghrul died in Ray in 1063. As he did not leave behind any children, he was succeeded by his nephew Alp Arsalan who ascended the throne after vqnuishing another nephew Suleiman.

=== Alp Arsalan ===

Alp Arsalan was one of the greatest rulers of the Seljuq dynasty. He converted to Islam at an early age and took the name of Muhammad bin Daud Chaghri. 

In his early years, Alp Arsalan served as the Governor of Khorasan. When his predecessor Toghrul I died in 1060, he captured the throne after defeating his opponents Suleiman and Kutalmish. He was ably assisted by Nizam-ul-Mulk regarded as one of the greatest statesmen of the time. Soon after his accession he took the fortress of Caesarea Mazaca and conquered Armenia and Georgia. 

In 1068, Arsalan invaded the Byzantine Empire and took the Emperor Romanus IV captive. According to an interesting conversation between Alp Arsalan and Romanus IV, Romanus IV told the Seljuq Emperor that he would have killed him or exhibited him had victory been with the Byzantines. In response to this answer, Arsalan let Romanus IV free in order to exhibit his magnanimity.

Alp Arsalan was assassinated by a prisoner in 1072 and was succeeded by his son Malik Shah I.

=== Malik Shah I ===

Jalal-al-Dawlah Malik Shah ruled the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092. He consolidated the conquests made by his father and great-uncle. He inflicted successive defeats on the Byzantines and drove them out of Anatolia. He also fought incessant wars against the Fatimids of Egypt and established his supremacy over Syria. Between 1078 and 1084, Suleyman, the son of Kutalmish tried to establish himself as the independent ruler of Anatolia and crowned himself Sultan of Rum. However, he was defeated and killed by Malik Shah I in 1086. His son Kilij Arsalan I was taken prisoner.

After the death of Malik Shah I, Kilij Arsalan I established himself as the Sultan of Rum and his sons Barkiyaruq established himself as the independent ruler of Iraq, Muhammad I, of Baghdad, and Ahmed Sanjar, of Khorasan, while Nasir ad Din Mahmud  or Mahmud I ruled over Persia. However, Mahmud I's rule lasted for a short time. He died in 1094 and was succeeded by his son Barkyaruq. Barkyaruq participated in the First Crusade against the Franks. He died in 1105.

=== Ahmed Sanjar ===

Barkiyaruq was succeeded by Malik Shah II and Mehmed I who held the throne for short periods of time. During this period, Ahmed Sanjar, son of Malik Shah I and a brother of Mahmud I, Malik Shah II and Mehmed I and the ruler of Khorasan, held more power. He succeeded Mehmed I as sultan on the latter's death in 1118 and ruled till 1153. He was considerably successful in campaigns against the Assassins of Alamut which ended with a peace treaty. However, he suffered crushing defeats at the hands of Kara Khitans in the Battle of Qatwan in 1141 and the Oghuz Turks in 1153. While the first battle resulted in the loss of all Seljuk territories to the east of the river Syr Darya, the second brought an end to the Seljuk Empire.

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&lt;center&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;FF00FF&quot; face=&quot;LUCIDA&quot;&gt;
{{big/top}}
Effective SChools

Chapter FAQ's

Susan Stone
{{big/end}}
&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/center&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

== Learning Targets ==

The student(s) will be able to discuss and analyze the characteristics associated with an effective school as demonstrated through the performances of students, teachers, and administrators.

== Introducation ==

As we enter the world of education in the twenty first century, schools today are faced with many challenges.  These challenges are all encompassing.  They include effective teaching, safe and orderly environment, classroom management, planning and instruction, and the overall professionalism and attitude of people in a school building.  Today's schools are a reflection of the community that they serve.  With the laboring economy that effects us all, the work that has to be accomplished to create an effective school is more difficult than ever in the history of education.

&lt;table WIDTH=&quot;90%&quot; ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #FF8040;
border: solid 10px #FFBDBD; padding: 1em;&quot; valign=center&gt;

&lt;center&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#800517&quot; face=&quot;LUCIDA&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&quot;The finest gift we can give our children is our heartfelt belief that they can succeed.&quot;  -Lawrence W. Lezotte&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

== Chapter FAQ's ==
&lt;big&gt;Q: What are effective schools?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  Lawrence, Lezotte, &amp; McKee (2002) states that &quot;Effective Schools are schools that can, in measured student achievement terms, demonstrate the joint presence of quality and equity.  Effective Schools demonstrate high overall levels of achievement and no gaps in the distribution of that achievement across major subsets of the student population&quot; (p.&amp;nbsp;15). In order to establish an effective school atmosphere there must be a collaborative working environment between school personnel, parents and the community.  A safe school environment is mandatory, and all academic initiatives must ensure student participation.

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.3.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.3.2

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is a Mentor?&lt;/big&gt;

A: A mentor is someone a student can look up to and role model after.  A mentor is someone who is a trusted counselor or teacher and/or an influential senior and supporter (Mentoring, 2009).  Teachers and students can benefit from having a mentor assigned to work with them on a regular basis. In Virginia, schools are required to have mentoring programs for new teachers to assist with classroom instruction, planning, classroom management, discipline procedures, and the overwhelming amount of paperwork required.  New teachers were leaving the profession after just a few years in the classroom. Effective schools are able to maintain their professional teaching staffs.  Teacher longevity in the classroom is essential for student success.

Many effective schools also provide student mentors.  Teachers work with targeted at-risk students who have continually performed poorly in the classroom, have a poor attendance record, or display signs of possibly dropping out of school.

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.1.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.1.2

&lt;big&gt;Q: What are Effective Teachers?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  Wong &amp; Wong (1999) state that &quot;An effective teacher has three characteristics defined as having positive expectations for student success, is an extremely good classroom manager, and knows how to design lessons for student mastery&quot; (pg. 64).  These three characteristics associated with an effective teacher are considered extremely important and must be put into place before an effective classroom can be achieved.  An effective teacher is able to establish a good working relationship with the students in his/her classroom.  This sound working relationship is essential.  Once this relationship is established, a teacher can expand the curriculum and provide a learning environment that allows students to grow to their fullest potential.

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is a Safe and Orderly Environment?&lt;/big&gt;

A: The Student Wellbeing Branch (2006) states that safe schools are effective schools.  Safe schools include a definition of bullying, an anti-bullying policy, and strategies for schools and parents on prevention and management. Students need to be educated in a safe haven.  Without this, learning will not take place.  Parents, students, teachers and administrators must work together to establish sensible and workable guidelines and daily procedures.  All teachers must buy into the process and be consistent.  There should be few rules, but many procedures for students to follow.

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is Classroom Management?&lt;/big&gt;

A: Effective schools have teachers who are effective with their classroom management skills.  Classroom management is the ability of a teacher to organize everyday tasks, lessons, and assignment in such a way that students are actively engaged throughout the class period.  Wong, H., &amp; Wong, R., (1999) states that &quot;classroom management refers to all of the things that a teacher does to organize students, space, time, and materials so that instruction in content and student learning can take place&quot;(p.&amp;nbsp;26). Teachers in an effective school understand what must take place in the classroom in order for students to learn.  Classroom management defines how well a teacher is organized.  This includes easy transitioning from one activity to another, a variety of teaching activities, differentiation of instruction, student involvement in the lesson, and the lesson organize that the students are the active learners in the classroom.

&lt;big&gt;Q: How to have effective planning?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  In effective schools everyone, including all professonal and classified staff members, have to develop a plan.  Those who do not plan find the school will have many behavior problems, off-tasked students, and general chaos (Breaux, 2003).   In order for a teacher to be plan effectively, the understanding of the student data is essential.  Once teachers and administrators understand and use the student data they will be able to plan for academic strengths and weaknesses of the class.  Data should be broken down into many categories to truly comprehend what is happening in a school.  This means teachers and administrators should look at test scores, attendance records of specific ethnic groups and student gender. This knowledge will give school personnel the ability to effectively plan their lessons and provide quality teaching strategies in the classroom.

&lt;big&gt;Q: Is attitude everything?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  Attitude is everything!! In effective schools all building level personnel must have the attitude that all students will learn and be successful.  Breauz (2003) &quot;Students should be treated with dignity while teachers carry themselves as a professional at all times and be the most enthusiastic person in the classroom&quot; (p.&amp;nbsp;7).  No school can be effective if the teachers and administrators do not possess the attitude that all students will be successful.  No program, no lesson, no learning activity will be effective without the presence of a good attitude.

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.5.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.5.2

&lt;big&gt;Q: How the community is affected?&lt;/big&gt;

A: Good school and community relations are an essential need to establish an effective school environment.  Teachers and students must feel the support of their community.  Dunlap &amp; Alva (1999) discuss &quot;Why is parent involvement so highly valued? Research shows that a correlate of increased levels of parent involvement is an increase in student achievement (Epstein, 1995; Flaxman &amp; Inger, 1992; Hickman, Greenwood, &amp; Miller, 1995), as well as improved student attendance and reduced dropout rates (Berger, 1991; Greenwood &amp; Hickman, 1991). These are desirable outcomes from an &quot;educentric&quot; perspective, however they fall short of fully addressing the National Educational Goal to &quot;increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children&quot; (p.&amp;nbsp;1).  Community involvement is needed when talking about effective schools.  It behooves school personnel to involve their community in their academic world.  Schools should understand the academic needs of the community and incorporate programs that will allow students to either continue with their education or enter the world of work.  When students graduate and have nothing to look towards in their immediate future, then there is a lack of communication taking place between the two entitites.

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.4.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.4.2

== Multiple Choice Questions ==

&lt;big&gt;1. Which of the following are not one of the three effective characteristics of effective teachers in effective schools?&lt;/big&gt;

A)Time Management

B)Student Success

C)Classroom Management

D)Design Lessons

&lt;big&gt;2. This is the ability of a teacher to organize everyday tasks, lessons, and assignment in such a way that students are actively engaged throughout the class period.&lt;/big&gt;

A) Mentoring

B) Classrooom Management

C) Effective Teaching

D) Effective Planning

&lt;big&gt;3. What is the result if effective school methods are not in place?&lt;/big&gt;

A) All students will fail

B) There would be a lack of order, classroom management, and safety

C) Parents would be highly involved in all school events

D) No child left behind sanctions would be implemented

&lt;big&gt;4. In what ways do the state of Virginia measure effective schools?&lt;/big&gt;

A) High Graduation rates

B) High attendance rates

C) Through norm and criterion-referenced test results

D) All of the above

Answers: 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D

== References ==

Breauz, A. (2003). 101 &quot;ANSWERS&quot; for New Teachers and Their Mentors. New York: Eye On Education.

Lezotte, L., &amp; McKee, K. (2002). Assembly Required: A Continuous School Improvement System. Michigan:

Effective School Products.

Wong, H.&amp; Wong, R. (1998). The First Days of School. California: Wong Publications.

Department of Education and Training. (2006). Safe Schools are Effective Schools: A Resource for 
        
Developing Safe and Supportive Schools Environments. Victoria: S.R. Frankland pty Ltd.

Dunlap, C. &amp; Alva, A. (1999). Redefining School and Community Relations: Teacher's Perceptions of Parents

as Participants and Stakeholders. Retrieved June 7, 2009, from

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3960/is_199910/ai_n8860320/

Dictionary Online. (2009). Retrieved June 7, 2009, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mentor.

Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Chapter_FAQ

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border: solid 1px #FFBDBD; padding: 1em;&quot; valign=top&gt;

&lt;center&gt;If someone's user name appears below, this peer review has already been &quot;claimed&quot; or completed. Please select another peer review slot or article.


'''This article has been reviewed by:''' &lt;font color=#FF0000&gt; [[User:Alucy001|Alucy001]] ([[User talk:Alucy001|talk]])&lt;/font&gt; 00:08, 10 June 2009 (UTC)
To evaluate this peer review, click on the Discussion tab above.

&lt;/center&gt;

&lt;center&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#FF00FF&quot;&gt;'''PEER REVIEW TEMPLATE'''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
*Use this template for your peer reviews.&lt;/center&gt;


'''DIRECTIONS:'''

*You are required to complete TWO (2) peer reviews.
*Please '''take your time''' and provide effective, helpful feedback. &lt;font color=#0066CC&gt;'''Plan to spend 1.5 to 2 hours per review'''!&lt;/font color&gt;
*Each peer review is worth 50 points and will be &quot;graded&quot; by the article's author. (Click on Discussion to see the rubric the author will use to grade your peer review.)
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*Starting the DAY AFTER the peer reviews are due, you may complete ADDITIONAL peer reviews for EXTRA CREDIT (25 points each). You MAY NOT complete any Extra Credit Reviews until that time.

---

==&lt;CENTER&gt;'''Part 1 - Article Components'''&lt;/center&gt;==

=== Learning Target(s) ===

Answer the following questions regarding the learning targets:

*Is/are the stated learning targets actual learning targets i.e. they state what the reader should know or be able to do after reading the article? Yes
*Is/are the learning target(s) specific? Yes
*Is/are they appropriate and reasonable? (Are they too easy or too difficult for ECI 301 students?) They are reasonable.
*Is/are they observable? (You wouldn't have to look inside the readers head to know if they met this target.) Yes, they are observable. 
*Does the article provide adequate information for readers to achieve these targets? Yes

Please make a comment about the learning target(s). If you answered &quot;No&quot; to any of the questions above, please explain how the author can improve them.

Comment:
I think that the learning target is effective because it describes what the student will be able to do by the end of the Chapter. It may only be one learning target, but I think that it is enough because it covers the entire section adequately.

----

=== Grammar and Mechanics Review ===

*Please either paste the entire body of the article here or any sections that you feel need to be revised. 
*To do this:
**go back to the module page for the article
**select &quot;edit this page&quot;
**highlight all the text, hit control &quot;c&quot; (or &quot;copy&quot; from the edit menu)
**navigate back to your peer review page
**click edit this page and paste the text into this window (use control &quot;v&quot; or paste from the edit menu)
**You may want to have Wikibooks open in two windows/tabs to make this process easier.
*Type your comments in ALL CAPITALS or in &lt;font color=&quot;#FF00FF&quot;&gt; another color &lt;/font&gt; so the author can easily find them.

&lt;table WIDTH=&quot;90%&quot; ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #0000A0;
border: solid 10px #FFBDBD; padding: 1em;&quot; valign=center&gt;

&lt;center&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;FF00FF&quot; face=&quot;LUCIDA&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;Effective SChools

Chapter FAQ's

Susan Stone&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;


== Learning Targets ==

The student(s) will be able to discuss and analyze the characteristics associated with an effective school as demonstrated through the performances of students, teachers, and administrators.


== Introducation == (MISSPELLING: INTRODUCTION)

As we enter the world of education in the twenty first century schools(I THINK IT SHOULD READ &quot;AS WE ENTER THE WORLD OF EDUCATION IN THE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY, SCHOOLS ARE FACED WITH MANY CHALLENGES.) today are faced with many challenges.  These challenges are all encompassing.  They include effective teaching, safe and orderly environment, classroom management, planning and instruction, and the overall professionalism and attitude of people in a school building.  Today's schools are a reflection of the community that they serve.  With the laboring economy that effects us all (MAYBE THERE SHOULD BE A COMMA HERE?) the work that has to be accomplished to create an effective school is more difficult than ever in the history of education.

&lt;table WIDTH=&quot;90%&quot; ALIGN=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #FF8040;
border: solid 10px #FFBDBD; padding: 1em;&quot; valign=center&gt;

&lt;center&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#800517&quot; face=&quot;LUCIDA&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&quot;The finest gift we can give our children is our heartfelt belief that they can succeed.&quot;  -Lawrence W. Lezotte&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

== Chapter FAQ's ==
&lt;big&gt;Q: What are effective schools?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  &quot;Effective Schools are schools that can, in measured student achievement terms, demonstrate the joint presence of quality and equity.  Effective Schools demonstrate high overall levels of achievement and no gaps in the distribution of that achievement across major subsets of the student population&quot; (Lawrence, Lezotte, &amp; McKee,(2002). (I DONT THINK THAT THIS IS CORRECT APA FORMAT FOR A QUOTATION. THERE SHOULD BE A PAGE # OR PARAGRAPH #)

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.3.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.3.2

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is a Mentor?&lt;/big&gt;

A: A mentor is someone a student can look up to and role model after.(MAYBE IT COULD BE WORDED &quot;..CAN LOOK UP TO AS A ROLE MODEL)  I (A) mentor is someone who is a trusted counselor or teacher and/or an influential senior and supporter (M SHOULD BE CAPITALIZED IN MENTORING)(mentoring, 2009).

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.1.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.1.2

&lt;big&gt;Q: What are Effective Teachers?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  &quot;An effective teacher has three characteristics defines as having positive expectations for student success, is an extremely good classroom manager, and knows how to design lessons for student mastery&quot; (Wong, H., &amp; Wong, R., 1998).  These three characteristics associated with an effective teacher are considered extremely important and must be put into place before an effective classroom can be achieved (Wong &amp; Wong, 1999). (CHECK APA FORMAT FOR QUOTATION)

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is a Safe and Orderly Environment?&lt;/big&gt;

A: The Student Wellbeing Branch (2006) states that safe schools are effective schools.  Safe schools include a (MAYBE IT COULD READ: SAFE SCHOOLS HAVE AN ESTABLISHED DEFINITION OF BULLYING??) definition of bullying, an anti-bullying policy, and strategies for schools and parents on prevention and management.

&lt;big&gt;Q: What is Classroom Management?&lt;/big&gt;

A: Effective schools have teachers who are effective with their classroom management skills.  Classroom management is the ability of a teacher to organize everyday tasks, lessons, and assignment in such a way that students are actively engaged throughout the class period. (CHECK APA FORMAT FOR IN-TEXT CITATIONS. USE ONLY LAST NAME, NOT INITIALS) Wong, H., &amp; Wong, R., states that &quot;classroom management refers to all of the things that a teacher does to organize students, space, time, and materials so that instruction in content and student learning can take place&quot;(1999). (CHECK APA FORMAT FOR QUOTE, PAGE NUMBER, ETC?)

&lt;big&gt;Q: How to have effective planning?&lt;/big&gt; (THIS IS NOT A QUESTION, NEEDS TO BE RE-WORDED)

A:  In effective schools everyone include (SHOULD BE INCLUDING) all professonal and classified staff members have to develop a plan.  Those who do not plan find the school will have many behavior problems, off-tasked (OFF TASK) students, and general caious(SP=CHAOS)(Breaux, 2003).

&lt;big&gt;Q: Is attitude everything?&lt;/big&gt;

A:  Attitude is everything!!  In effective schools(COMMA?) all building level personel(SP?) must have the attitude that all students will learn and be successfully(SUCCESSFUL).  &quot;Studnets should be treated with dignity while teachers carry themselves as a professional at all times and be the most enthusiastic person in the classroom&quot; (Breauz, 2003). (APA FORMAT FOR IN-TEXT QUOTE?)

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.5.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.5.2


&lt;big&gt;Q: How the community is affected?&lt;/big&gt;

A: Good school and community relations are an essential need (MAYBE IT SHOULD READ &quot;...COMMUNITY RELATIONS ARE ESSENTIAL TO ESTABLISH..&quot;) to establish an effective school environement.  Teachers and students must feel the support of their community.  &quot;Why is parent involvement so highly valued? (SHOULD THIS BE A NEW QUESTION HEADING?) Research shows that a correlate of increased levels of parent involvement is an increase in student achievement (REWORD?) (Epstein, 1995; Flaxman &amp; Inger, 1992; Hickman, Greenwood, &amp; Miller, 1995), as well as improved student attendance and reduced dropout rates (Berger, 1991; Greenwood &amp; Hickman, 1991). (CHECK APA FORMAT, I THINK YOU SITE THE AUTHORS AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE?) These are desirable outcomes from an &quot;educentric&quot; perspective, however they fall short of fully addressing the National Educational Goal to &quot;increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children&quot; (APA QUOTE FORMAT?) (Dunlap &amp; Alva(COMMA) 1999).

For more information please refer to the following links:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.4.1

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Foundations_and_Assessment_of_Education/Edition_1/Foundations_Table_of_Contents/Chapter_9/Content_Articles/9.4.2

== Multiple Choice Questions ==

&lt;big&gt;1. Which of the following are not one of the three effective characteristics of effective teachers in effective schools?&lt;/big&gt; (TAKE OUT ONE THE OF THE &quot;EFFECTIVE&quot;)

A)Time Management

B)Student Success

C)Classroom Management

D)Design Lessons

&lt;big&gt;2. This is the ability of a teacher to organize everyday tasks, lessons, and assignment in such a way that students are actively engaged throughout the class period.&lt;/big&gt;

A) Mentoring

B) Classrooom Management

C) Effective Teaching

D) Effective Planning
 
&lt;big&gt;3. What is the result if effective school methods are not in place?&lt;/big&gt; (COULD READ: WHAT IS THE RESULT OF EFFECTIVE SCHOOL METHODS NOT BEING IN PLACE??)

A) All students will fail

B) There would be a lack of order, classroom management, and safety

C) Parents would be highly involved in all school events

D) No child left behind sanctions would be implemented

&lt;big&gt;4. In what ways do (DOES) the state of Virginia measure effective schools?&lt;/big&gt;

A) High Graduation rates

B) High attendance rates

C) Through norm and criterion-referenced test results

D) All of the above

Answers: 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D

== References ==

1Breauz, A. (2003). 101 &quot;ANSWERS&quot; for New Teachers and Their Mentors. New York: Eye On Education.

2Lezotte, L., &amp; McKee, K. (2002). Assembly Required: A Continuous School Improvement System. Michigan:

Effective School Products.

3Wong, H.&amp; Wong, R. (1998). The First Days of School. California: Wong Publications.

4Department of Education and Training. (2006). Safe Schools are Effective Schools: A Resource for 
        
Developing Safe and Supportive Schools Environments. Victoria: S.R. Frankland pty Ltd.

5Dunlap, C. &amp; Alva, A. (1999). Redefining School and Community Relations: Teacher's Perceptions of Parents

as Participants and Stakeholders. Retrieved June 7, 2009, from

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3960/is_199910/ai_n8860320/

6Dictionary Online. (2009). Retrieved June 7, 2009, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mentor.

CHECK APA FORMAT FOR ALL, EX: 
Breauz, A. (2003). 101 answers for new teachers and their mentors. (Not all words should be captilized, etc.)

----

=== Sources ===

For each source listed in the &quot;References&quot; section of the article, name the type of source (scholarly or popular) and the perspective it provides (research, expert opinion from educator, popular news source, parent organization, personal contact, etc.)
#. 1. popular news, but I am unsure. I do not see a journal, volume #, etc. (however, this may be a apa format issue)
#. 2. most likely scholarly, but I am still unsure because I do not see a journal #, etc. that you normally find in peer-review articles. 
#. 3. scholarly, not sure
#. 4. scholarly, research
#. 5. scholarly, but needs better reference
#. 6. scholarly, definition
#.
 
List the range of publication years for all sources, e.g. 1998-2006: 1998-2009
Answer the following questions about the sources used in the article:

#Did the author CITE at least 5 sources? Yes and use at least 2 scholarly sources? Yes, but it is hard to tell because I believe there are some APA format issues (no journal name, volume #, page #s, etc.)
#Are the citations in APA format? No, they need to be re-checked
##''Here are two examples of citations in APA format, one for a paraphrase and one for a quotation:''
###Constructing a title is both a science and an art, but on one fact all of the experts agree: the title must contain a colon '''(Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, &amp; Starr, 2007)'''.
###Unfortunately impoverished children are often attending “low-performing schools staffed by ill-equipped teachers” '''(Murnane, 2007, p.&amp;nbsp;34)'''.
#Are all the sources listed in APA format in a Reference list labeled &quot;References&quot;? No, they need to be re-checked
##''Here is an example of a reference written in APA format:''
###'''Bailey, J., &amp; Barnum, P. (2001). The colon and its rise to prominence in the American circus. ''Journal of American Punctuation, 34''(5), 2-3.'''
#Taken together do the 5 sources represent a good balance of potential references for this topic? Yes, if the APA format is fixed. 
#Does the author consider potential bias in the sources? Unsure
#Are most of the sources current (less than 5 years old)? 4 out of 6 are current

Please make a comment about the sources. If you answered &quot;No&quot; to any of the questions above, please explain how the author can improve.

Comment:

The author needs to re-check APA format for the journal articles to find journal name, volume number and page number. Also in-text citations and quotations should be checked.

----

=== Multiple Choice Questions ===

#What does each question assess: knowledge or reasoning (application of knowledge)?
##Question 1 KNOWLEDGE
##Question 2 KNOWLEDGE
##Question 3 APPLICATION
##Question 4 I AM NOT SURE HOW THE STUDENT WOULD FIND THE ANSWER TO THIS QUESTION. IT SEEMS TO BE A KNOWLEDGE QUESTION BUT THE ANSWER IS NOT INT HE TEXT?

Answer the following questions about the multiple-choice questions.

#Are there 4 multiple-choice questions? YES
#Do they each have four answer choices (A-D)? YES
#Is there a single correct (not opinion-based) answer for each question? YES
#Do the questions assess the learning target? YES, EXCEPT FOR 4
#Are the questions appropriate and reasonable (not too easy and not too difficult)? RE-CHECK #4
#Are the foils (the response options that are NOT the answer) reasonable i.e. they are not very obviously incorrect answers? YES
#Are the response options listed in alphabetical order? YES
#Are correct answers provided and listed BELOW all the questions? YES

Please make a comment about the multiple-choice questions. If you answered &quot;No&quot; to any of the questions above, please explain how the author can improve the question/s.


Comment:

QUESTION #4 SHOULD BE RECHECKED. I DO NOT BELIEVE THE ANSWER IN WITHIN THE TEXT, BUT I ALSO DON'T THINK THAT IT IS AN APPLICATION QUESTION.

==&lt;center&gt;'''Part 2 - Ratings'''&lt;/center&gt;==

'''LIST''' and '''EXPLAIN''' your rating for each of the four criteria.

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Importance:  
:I rated this article 4 for importance because...I felt that it was a very important article, but perhaps it needed some more substance from the articles.

&lt;li&gt;Interest: 
:I rated this article 4 on interest because...I felt that there were a lot of quotations and could have been more new ideas or paraphrasing. However, it was very neat and attractive and spaced out very nicely. 
 
&lt;li&gt;Credibility: 
:I rated this article 3 for credibility because...As mentioned early, the APA format needs work and contains errors


&lt;li&gt;Writing skill:  
:I rated this article 4 on writing because... The multiple choice question #4 needs work and the paper needs to be proofread again to get rid of spelling/gramatical errors. 
&lt;/ul&gt;


'''HIGHLIGHT SPECIFIC POINTS IN THE RUBRIC''' that apply to the article.
 
To do this: Highlight sections with the cursor and use the BOLD icon above '''OR''' type &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; (3 apostrophes) before and after the text you want to make bold

===''Wiki Article Rubric'' ===


&lt;table border=&quot;2&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;criteria&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;2&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;1&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;How '''important''' was the information presented on this topic to you as a teacher education student?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Covers key ideas crucial  for future teachers to know
&lt;li&gt;Based on researched information.
&lt;li&gt;'''Highly relevant to current educational practice''' (*this description may be less applicable for some topics such as history of education) 
&lt;li&gt;Provides an excellent overview of the topic including relevant research, educational practice, laws and litigation. Includes in-depth discussion of at least a few selected key issues.
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;'''Includes ideas relevant to future teachers'''
&lt;li&gt;'''Mostly based on researched information'''.
&lt;li&gt;'''Applicable to today’s schools'''
&lt;li&gt;Provides a good general overview with relevant information and discussion of a few key ideas
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A couple useful points; some irrelevant  information  
&lt;li&gt;
About half of the information is the author’s opinion.
&lt;li&gt;
Some out-dated information; may not reflect current practice
&lt;li&gt;
Good information is included but the paper yields a partial /incomplete understanding of the topic or key issues
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; One useful point
&lt;li&gt;A few facts but mostly the author’s opinion.
&lt;li&gt;Most of the information is irrelevant in today’s schools.
&lt;li&gt;Focused on unimportant subtopics OR overly general with few specifics. Important information is missing.
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Information is not relevant to future teachers.
&lt;li&gt;Information is entirely the author’s opinion.
&lt;li&gt;The information is obsolete.
&lt;li&gt;Only irrelevant details or common knowledge. Lacks any substantive information.  
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;criteria&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;2&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;1&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;How '''interesting''' was the article to read?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sidebar includes new information that was motivating to read/view
&lt;li&gt;Visuals (headings, colors, fonts, pictures, etc.) enhance the article by making it easier or more inviting to read
&lt;li&gt;Multiple perspectives are considered and discussed 
&lt;li&gt;Mostly new information/ideas 
&lt;li&gt;Insightful interpretation &amp; analysis are evident throughout the article; a clearly stated conclusion synthesizes all of the material presented.
&lt;li&gt;Points are clearly made and elaborated on with compelling examples.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sidebar includes new information that enhances understanding of the topic
&lt;li&gt;Visuals add to the article
&lt;li&gt;At least two perspectives were presented
&lt;li&gt;'''About half of the information/ideas are new'''&lt;li&gt;Interpretation and analysis is provided for 3-4 points in the article; a reasonable conclusion based on this information is stated
&lt;li&gt;Some good points are made and explained.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sidebar includes new information related to the topic.
&lt;li&gt;Visuals are included but have minimal effect
&lt;li&gt;One interesting or new perspective is presented
&lt;li&gt;A couple (2-3) new ideas or pieces of information
&lt;li&gt;Interpretation/ analysis is included for a few (1-2) individual sections, but there is not a conclusion that synthesizes the information presented. 
&lt;li&gt;Points are made but may not always be adequately supported or explained.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sidebar repeats what is already in the article
&lt;li&gt;Visuals are somewhat distracting or not included 
&lt;li&gt;Only the “typical” view or one biased perspective is presented.
&lt;li&gt;One new idea or bit of information
&lt;li&gt;Information presented with minimal analysis or interpretation; no conclusion or the conclusion is not based on the information presented
&lt;li&gt;At least one clear point is made and supported.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;No side bar included.
&lt;li&gt;Visuals are offensive and completely detract from the content 
&lt;li&gt;No perspective is acknowledged.
&lt;li&gt;Nothing new.
&lt;li&gt;No analysis or interpretation included
&lt;li&gt;No clear points are made or points appear pasted from other sources without any explanation.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;criteria&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;2&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;1&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;How '''credible''' do you think the information is?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Required sources are properly cited and included in a reference list in APA format.
&lt;li&gt;Information from diverse sources representing multiple perspectives is included. Several reputable and current sources are cited. The author acknowledges potential bias in sources where appropriate.
&lt;li&gt;Author clearly identifies his own ideas, biases and opinions 
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Required sources are included; a couple of formatting errors 
&lt;li&gt;Information from a variety of sources is included. Most sources are reasonably reputable; bias is acknowledged in others.
&lt;li&gt;It is clear when the author is presenting his own opinion; he doesn’t try to pass if off as fact.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;'''Required sources are included; APA format is not used or has many errors'''.
&lt;li&gt;A variety of sources is listed but the information primarily reflects a single viewpoint. Sources are reasonable.
&lt;li&gt;The author occasionally (1-2 times) states his own opinion as fact.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Only 4 sources are cited/listed in the references or only 1 scholarly source was used 
&lt;li&gt;Sources lack diversity OR information from divergent sources is only superficially mentioned. Some sources are untrustworthy or biased and not acknowledged as such.
&lt;li&gt;Author routinely (3-4 times) states her opinion as fact, ignores own biases.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Missing two or more sources OR sources used but not cited or listed.
&lt;li&gt;All sources and information reflect a single viewpoint. Most sources are untrustworthy or biased and not acknowledged as such.
&lt;li&gt;The entire article is biased and opinion-based without acknowledgment of this perspective.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th&gt;criteria&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;2&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th&gt;1&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;How well do you think this article was '''written'''?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Multiple-choice questions (2 application &amp; 2 knowledge)  align with the learning targets, assess key points, and are written according to guidelines (see R4)
&lt;li&gt;Specific, appropriate and observable learning targets are stated; the content is clearly organized to help the reader achieve these goals 
&lt;li&gt;Captures and maintains attention throughout
&lt;li&gt;All or almost all of the cited information is introduced, elaborated on and explained
&lt;li&gt;Writing is organized, easy to read, and contains few to no mechanical errors. 
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Multiple-choice questions (2 application &amp; 2 knowledge)  align with the learning targets, and assess key points.   
&lt;li&gt;Specific and reasonable learning targets are stated; the content aligns with these goals 
&lt;li&gt;'''Captures attention initially and periodically throughout''' &lt;li&gt;Most of the cited information is discussed or explained.
&lt;li&gt;The article flowed pretty well and there were just a few mechanical errors.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Multiple-choice questions (2 application &amp; 2 knowledge) assess key points
&lt;li&gt;'''Reasonable learning targets are stated; the content relates to these goals'''&lt;li&gt;Parts of the article capture attention
&lt;li&gt;About half of the cited information is discussed
&lt;li&gt;'''A few areas were hard to follow, confusing or oddly organized. There were a few distracting errors.'''
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;4 multiple-choice questions are included.
&lt;li&gt;Learning targets generally related to the content are stated
&lt;li&gt;At least one part of the article is interesting
&lt;li&gt;Information is “pasted” together with minimal explanation.
&lt;li&gt;Organization was difficult to follow, sentences were awkward and/or there were several distracting errors.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;

&lt;td&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Questions are missing or not multiple-choice.
&lt;li&gt;Learning target is missing or unrelated to content or is/are not actual learning targets
&lt;li&gt;Nothing in the article grabs the reader’s attention
&lt;li&gt;Article is entirely “pasted” together from other sources.
&lt;li&gt;Poor organization, sentence structure and/or grammatical errors made it very difficult to understand the content.
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

==&lt;center&gt;'''Part 3 - &quot;2+2&quot;'''&lt;/center&gt;==

List TWO compliments and TWO suggestions about the article &lt;u&gt;content&lt;/u&gt;
*Hints: 
**Focus on the work, not the person
**&lt;u&gt;Describe&lt;/u&gt; &quot;There is...&quot;, &quot;I see..&quot; rather than &lt;u&gt;judge&lt;/u&gt; &quot;You didn't...&quot;

Compliments
&lt;ol&gt; I liked the introduction to the article, I thought that it grabbed the readers attention. 
&lt;li&gt;.It is very neat and attractive and well-organized.

&lt;/ol&gt;
Suggestions
&lt;ol&gt; I think that you just need to go back and proofread for erros. 
&lt;li&gt;.Recheck the APA format, there were several APA erros. APA is tricky sometimes, and I find myself having to check and re-check everytime I use it!


&lt;/ol&gt;
Overall, I think the article just needs a some proofreading and a some editing. Good flow, good organization, and a very attractive paper!

You can make compliments and suggestions that relate to specific areas of the paper or to the paper in general. I suggest a mixture of both. Focus on what's most important. Of course, you can also include more than two suggestions and more than two compliments. The goal is to help the author improve his/her article.

&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1h4hrpvwmy0pz67r2iwxdixmvsfbxqf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Informatics Practices for Class XI (CBSE)/Programming fundamentals</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>198173</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448839</id>
      <parentid>3678009</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:58:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448839</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23108" sha1="t32f25a5gq81ek813wvx9bmhh5vnpzk" xml:space="preserve">'''Note:''' Based on the [[Java Programming/Java Overview|Java Overview chapter]] of the [[Java Programming|Java Programming book]].

Before Java emerged as a programming language, C++ was the dominant player in the trade. The primary goals that the [[Java Programming/History|developers of Java]] faced was to create a language that could tackle most of the things that C++ offered while getting rid of some of the more tedious tasks that came with the earlier languages.

The new features and upgrades included into Java changed the face of programming environment and gave a new definition to [[Object Oriented Programming]]. But unlike its predecessors, Java needed to be bundled with standard functionality and be independent of the host platform. This is further explained in this section.

The primary goals in the creation of the Java language:
* It is simple.
* It is object-oriented.
* It is independent of the host platform 
* It contains language facilities and libraries for networking.
* It is designed to execute code from remote sources securely.
The Java language introduces some new features that did not exist in other languages like C and C++. 

The introduction of those features are the subject of this page.

==Earlier programming languages==
Computer hardware went through a performance and price revolution in the 1980s and 1990s. Better, faster hardware was available at lesser price and the demand for big and complex software exponentially increased. To accommodate the demand, new development technologies were invented.

The C language developed in 1972 by [[w:Dennis Ritchie|Dennis Ritchie]] had taken a decade to become the most popular language amongst programmers. But, with time programmers found that programming in C became tedious with its structural syntax. &lt;ref&gt;Structural syntax is a linear way of writing code. A program is interpreted usually at the first line of the program's code until it reaches the end. One can not hook a later part of the program to an earlier one. The flow follows a linear top-to-bottom approach.&lt;/ref&gt; Although, people attempted solving this problem, it would be later that a new development philosophy was introduced, one named ''Object-Oriented Programming'' (''OOP'' in short). With OOP, a person may write a certain code which may be reused later without rewriting the code over and over again. In 1979, [[w:Bjarne Stroustrup|Bjarne Stroustrup]] developed [[w:C++|C++]], an enhancement to the C language with included OOP fundamentals and features.

===Platform dependence and zero-modularity===
However, over time, people began to realize the problems with the architecture of the language. For one, the language produced different results/output for different platforms. C/C++ applications only adhered to platforms they were targeting and would not work on others. A certain program built for a certain platform would only target that specific platform or hardware. This close-knitted integration with the hardware posed greater vulnerability risks.
[[Image:C_cplusplus_compilation_process.svg|center]]
Note here that when a certain code is compiled into an executable format. The executable can not be changed dynamically. It would need to be recompiled from the changed code for the changes to be reflected in the finished executable. '''Modularity''' (dividing code into modules) is evidently ''not'' present in Java's predecessors. If instead of a single executable, the output application was in the form of modules, one can easily change a single module and review changes in the application, but rather in C/C++, a slight change in code required the whole application to be recompiled.

===Unsafe code===
With the high-level of control built into the language to manipulate hardware, a programmer could access almost any resource, either hardware or software on the system. This was to be one of the languages' strong points, but this very flexibility led to confusion and complex programming practices. Memory leaks became a regular nuisance in instances where the programmers had to manually attempt at using the system's memory resources.

Now memory resources or buffers have a peculiar way of working. Once a buffer is filled with data, it needs to be cleaned up after there is no use for its content. If a programmer forgets to clean it in his/her code, the memory is easily overloaded. Programming in C/C++ languages became tedious and unsafe because of these very quirks and programs built in the languages were prone to memory leakages and sudden system crashes, sometimes even harming the hardware itself.

===Non-standardization and complexity===
C++ was built atop the C language and as a result different ways doing the same thing became evident in the language. For instance, creating an object could be done in three different ways in C++. Furthermore, the language did not come with a standard library bundled with its compilers and rather relied on resources created by other programmers with code which rarely fit together.

===Networking capabilities===
However powerful, the predecessors of Java lacked a standard feature to network with other computers, and usually relied on the platforms intricate networking capabilities. With almost all network protocols being standardized, the creators of Java technology wanted this to be a flagship feature of the language while keeping true to the spirit of earlier advances made towards standardizing [[w:Remote procedure call|Remote Procedure Call]]. Another feature that the Java team focused on was its integration in the World Wide Web and the Internet.

===Agenda for the new language===
Keeping all of the above in mind, the developers of Java created a list of features tackling these problems. In their opinion, Java should&amp;nbsp;...

* ..&amp;nbsp;be simple and gather tested fundamentals and features from the earlier languages in it,
* ..&amp;nbsp;have standard sets of APIs with basic and advanced features bundled with the language,
* ..&amp;nbsp;get rid of concepts requiring direct manipulation of hardware (in this case, memory) to make the language safe,
* ..&amp;nbsp;be platform independent and may written for every platform once (giving birth to the [[w:Write once, run anywhere|WORA]] idiom),
* ..&amp;nbsp;be able to manipulate network programming out-of-the-box,
* ..&amp;nbsp;be embeddable in web browsers, and&amp;nbsp;...
* ..&amp;nbsp;have the ability for a single program to multi-task and do multiple things at the same time.
* Simple syntax, simple features. Those features that could be abused, by a programmer, were not added to the language. Those are:
** Operator overloading
** Multiple inheritance
** Memory allocation (use of automatic garbage collection)
** Friend classes (access an other object private members)
** Force exception handling (programmer must handle exception or declare that the user must handle it, someone must handle it)
** Automatic initializations (to give consistent behavior)
** Restrictions of explicit type casting (related to memory management)
* Platform Independence (run everywhere concept)
** Compile to intermediate byte code that executed by a Java Virtual Machine
* Network programming
** Be able to download code from remote server and execute that code during runtime
** Creates of the Applet concept (Applets can run in the client browser program)
* Built in thread, multitasking capabilities to the language
** Ease of multitasking (other languages needed third party libraries to do that)
* Platform independent Graphical User Interface (GUI)
** AWT (Contains widgets that most Operating system supports)
** Swing (Added later)

Java was released in 1995, the time when the Internet started became available to the public. The promise of Java was in the client browser-side. The Java code would be downloaded and executed as Java applets in the client browser program.

Then the focus was moved to the server side. Java extensions were added to the JDK, it is called J2EE:
* Servlet execution - (Alternative to CGI programs)
* JSP, Java Server Pages - (Embed Java Code in HTML)
* EJB - (Distributed object execution)

== Dynamic class loading ==
In conventional languages like C and C++, all code had to be compiled and linked to one executable program, before execution. In Java, classes are compiled as needed. If a class is not needed during an execution phase, that class is not even compiled into byte code.

This feature comes in handy especially in network programming when we do not know, beforehand, what code will be executed. A running program could load classes from the file system or from a remote server.

Also this feature makes it possible that a Java program could in theory alter their own code during execution, to do some self learning behavior. It would be more realistic to image however, that a Java program which generate Java code, before execution, then that code would be executed. With some feedback mechanism, next time the generated code could differ, thus it could improve in time.

== Automatic memory garbage collection ==

In conventional languages like C and C++, the programmer has to make sure that all memory that was allocated are freed. Freeing memory is particularly important in servers, since it has to run without stopping for days. If a piece of memory is not freed after use, and the server just keeps allocating memory, that memory leak can take down the server.

In Java, freeing up memory is taken out from the programmers hand. The Java Virtual Machine keeps track all of the used memory. When the memory is not used any more, it is automatically freed up. A separate task is running at the background by the JVM, freeing up unreferenced, unused memory. That task is called the &quot;Garbage Collector&quot;.

The &quot;Garbage Collector&quot; is always running. This automatic memory garbage collection feature makes it easy to write robust server side programs in Java. The only thing the programmer has to watch for is the speed of object creation. If the application is creating objects faster than the &quot;Garbage Collector&quot; can free them, then that can cause memory problems. Depending on how the JVM is configured, the application either can run out of memory by throwing the &lt;code&gt;NotEnoughMemoryException&lt;/code&gt;, or can halt to give time for the &quot;Garbage Collector&quot; to do its job.

== Error handling ==

''For more info. see:'' [[Java Programming/Exceptions]]

The old way of error handling was to let each function return an error code then let the caller check what was returned. The problem with this method was that if the return code was full of error-checking codes, this got in the way of the original one that was doing the actual work, which in turn did not make it very readable. 

The new way of error handling is when functions/methods do not return error codes. When there is an error an exception is thrown. The exceptions can be handled by the {{java:catch}} keyword at the end of a {{java:try}} block.  This way, the code that is doing the actual work does not need to be mangled with error checking codes, thus making the code more readable. This new way of error handling is called Exception handling.

Exception handling was also added to C++. However, there are two differences between Java and C++ Exception handling.
* In Java, the exception that is thrown is a Java object like any other object in Java. It only has to implement &lt;code&gt;Throwable&lt;/code&gt; interface.
* The compiler checks whether an exception was caught or not. The compiler gives an error if a there is no catch block for a thrown exception.

== Platform independence ==
Platform independence means that programs written in the Java language must run similarly on diverse hardware. One should be able to write a program once and run it anywhere. This is achieved by compiling Java language code &quot;halfway&quot; to bytecode--simplified virtual machine instructions that conform to a set standard. The code is then run on a [[w:Java virtual machine|Java virtual machine]], a program written in native code on the host hardware that translates generic Java bytecode into usable code on the hardware. Further, standardized libraries are provided to allow access to features of the host machines (such as graphics and networking) in unified ways. The Java language also includes support for multi-threaded programs--a necessity for many networking applications.

The first implementations of the language used an interpreted virtual machine to achieve portability, and many implementations still do. These implementations produce programs that run more slowly than the fully-compiled programs created by the typical C++ compiler and some later Java language compilers, so the language suffered a reputation for producing slow programs. More recent implementations of the Java VM produce programs that run much faster, using multiple techniques.

The first of these is to simply compile directly into native code like a more traditional compiler, skipping bytecode entirely. This achieves great performance, but at the expense of portability. This is not really used any more. 

Another technique, the ''just-in-time'' compiler or &quot;JIT&quot;, compiles the Java bytecode into native code at the time the program is run, and keep the compiled code to be used again and again.  More sophisticated VMs even use ''dynamic recompilation'', in which the VM can analyze the behavior of the running program and selectively recompile and optimize critical parts of the program.  Both of these techniques allow the program to take advantage of the speed of native code without losing portability.

Portability is a technically difficult goal to achieve, and Java's success at that goal is a matter of some controversy.  Although it is indeed possible to write programs for the Java platform that behave consistently across many host platforms, the large number of available platforms with small errors or inconsistencies led some to parody Sun's &quot;Write once, run anywhere&quot; slogan as &quot;Write once, debug everywhere&quot;.  

Platform independent Java is, however, very successful with server side applications, such as web services, servlets, or Enterprise Java Beans.

Java also made progress on the client side, first it had [[w:Abstract Window Toolkit|Abstract Window Toolkit(AWT)]], then [[w:Swing (Java)|Swing]], and the most recent client side library is the [[w:Standard Widget Toolkit|Standard Widget Toolkit(SWT)]].
It is interesting to see how they tried to handle the two opposing consuming forces. Those are :

; Efficient, fast code; port to most popular hardware (write once, test anywhere) : Use the underlying native subroutine to create a GUI component. This approach was taken by [[w:Abstract Window Toolkit|AWT]], and [[w:Standard Widget Toolkit|SWT]].

; Portability to any hardware where JVM ported(write once, run anywhere) : To achieve this to the latter, the Java toolkit should not rely on the underlying native user interface. [[w:Swing (Java)|Swing]] took this approach.

It is interesting to see how the approach was switched back and forth. AWT - Swing - SWT.

== Secure execution of remote code ==
The Java platform was one of the first systems to provide wide support for the execution of code from remote sources. The Java language was designed with [[w:Network computing|network computing]] in mind. 

An applet could run within a user's browser, executing code downloaded from a remote HTTP server. The remote code runs in a highly restricted &quot;sandbox&quot;, which protects the user from misbehaving or malicious code; publishers could apply for a certificate that they could use to digitally sign applets as &quot;safe&quot;, giving them permission to break out of the sandbox and access the local file system and network, presumably under user control.

== Object orientation ==
[[Object Oriented Programming|Object orientation]] (&quot;OO&quot;), refers to a method of programming and language technique. The main idea of OO is to design software around the &quot;things&quot; (i.e. objects) it manipulates, rather than the actions it performs. 

As the hardware of the computer advanced, it brought about the need to create better software techniques to be able to create ever increasing complex applications. 
The intent is to make large software projects easier to manage, thus improving quality and reducing the number of failed projects.
Object oriented solution is the latest software technique.

; Assembly languages : Software techniques started with the assembly languages, that was close to machine instruction and was easy to convert executable code. Each hardware had its own assembly language. Assembly language contains low level instructions like move data from memory to hardware registers, do arithmetic operations, and move data back to memory. Programmers had to know the detailed architecture of the computer in order to write programs.

; Procedural languages : After the assembly languages, high level languages were developed. Here the language compiler is used to convert the high level program to machine instructions, freeing up the programmers the burden of knowing the computer hardware architecture. To promote the re-use of code, and to minimize the use of GOTO instruction, &quot;procedural&quot; techniques were introduced. This simplified the creation and maintenance of software control flow, but they left out the organization of data. It became a nightmare to debug and maintain programs having many global variables.  Global variables contain data that can be modified anywhere in the application.

; Object oriented languages : In OO languages, data is taken seriously with information hiding. Procedures were replaced by Objects. Objects contain data as well as control flow. Our thinking has to shift from procedures to interaction between objects.

== Evaluation ==
''''''In most people's opinions, Java technology delivers reasonably well on all''' these goals. The language is not, however, without drawbacks.''' 
Java tends to be more high-level than similar languages (such as C++), which means that the Java language lacks features such as hardware-specific data types, low-level pointers to arbitrary memory addresses, or programming methods like operator overloading. Although these features are frequently abused or misused by programmers, they are also powerful tools. However, Java technology includes Java Native Interface (JNI), a way to call native code from Java language code. With JNI, it is still possible to use some of these features.

Some programmers also complain about its lack of multiple inheritance, a powerful feature of several object-oriented languages, among others C++. The Java language separates inheritance of type and implementation, allowing inheritance of multiple type definitions through interfaces, but only single inheritance of type implementation via class hierarchies. This allows most of the benefits of multiple inheritance while avoiding many of its dangers. In addition, through the use of concrete classes, abstract classes, as well as interfaces, a Java language programmer has the option of choosing full, partial, or zero implementation for the object type he defines, thus ensuring maximum flexibility in application design.

There are some who believe that for certain projects, object orientation makes work harder instead of easier. This particular complaint is not unique to the Java language but applies to other object-oriented languages as well.

== Note for C programmers ==

Tools exist to aid the migration of existing projects from C to Java. In general, automated translator tools fall into one of two distinct kinds:
* One kind converts C code to Java byte code. It is basically a compiler that creates byte code. It has the same steps as any other C compiler. See also [[w:C to Java Virtual Machine compilers|C to Java JVM compilers]].
* The other kind translates C code to Java source code. This type is more complicated and uses various syntax rules to create readable Java source code. This option is best for those who want to move their C code to Java and stay in Java. [example needed]

===Invoking C programs from Java applications===

You can use Runtime.exec  method to invoke a program from within a running Java application. Runtime.exec also allows you to perform operations related to the program, such as control the program's standard input and output, wait until it completes execution, and get its exit status. 

Here's a simple C application that illustrates these features. This C program will be called from Java: 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C&quot;&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;

int main() {
    printf(&quot;testing\n&quot;);
    return 0;
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

This application writes a string &quot;testing&quot; to standard output, and then terminates with an exit status of 0. 
To execute this simple program within a Java application, compile the C application: 
 $ cc test.c -o test

Then invoke the C program using this Java code: 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Java&quot;&gt;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ExecDemo 
{
    static public String[] runCommand(String cmd) throws IOException 
    {
        // --- set up list to capture command output lines ---
        ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

        // --- start command running
        Process proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);

        // --- get command's output stream and
        // put a buffered reader input stream on it ---
        InputStream istr = proc.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(istr));

        // --- read output lines from command
        String str;
        while ((str = br.readLine()) != null)
            list.add(str);

        // wait for command to terminate
        try {
            proc.waitFor();
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.err.println(&quot;process was interrupted&quot;);
        }

        // check its exit value
        if (proc.exitValue() != 0)
            System.err.println(&quot;exit value was non-zero&quot;);

        // close stream
        br.close();

        // return list of strings to caller
        return (String[])list.toArray(new String[0]);
    }

    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
        try {

            // run a command
            String outlist[] = runCommand(&quot;test&quot;);

            // display its output
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; outlist.length; i++)
                System.out.println(outlist[i]);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            System.err.println(e);
        }
    }
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The demo calls a method runCommand to actually run the program. 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Java&quot;&gt;
 String outlist[] = runCommand(&quot;test&quot;);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

This method hooks an input stream to the program's output stream, so that it can read the program's output, and save it into a list of strings.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Java&quot;&gt; 
 InputStream istr = proc.getInputStream();
 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(istr));  
                
 String str;
 while ((str = br.readLine()) != null)
     list.add(str);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>t32f25a5gq81ek813wvx9bmhh5vnpzk</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Oreo Pie</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>199327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448959</id>
      <parentid>4447132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:47:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448959</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1222" sha1="9lmkkqxlc9y4z6dqxjbeqq1vihg7qb9" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Pie and tart recipes
| Yield = 3 ea. 9-inch pies
| Difficulty = 1
}}

{{recipe}}

==Ingredients==
*½ [[Cookbook:Gallon|gallon]] (1.9 [[Cookbook:Liter|litres]]) [[Cookbook:Ice Cream|ice cream]] (usually vanilla)
*12 [[Cookbook:Ounce|ounces]] (340 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]]) [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|Cool Whip]]
*1 package Oreo [[Cookbook:Sandwich Cookie|sandwich cookies]]
*3 [[Cookbook:Crumb Crust|crumb crusts]] (preferably Graham cracker or chocolate)

==Procedure==
#Begin by softening the ice cream enough to spread.
#Mix the softened ice cream with the Cool Whip.
#Crumble the Oreos. This can be done by putting the Oreos into a plastic bag and crushing them with a [[Cookbook:Rolling Pin|rolling pin]].
#Mix the Oreos into the ice cream mixture.
#Spread the mixture evenly into the 3 pie crusts.
#Freeze for at least 2 hours.

[[Category:Recipes using ice cream]]
[[Category:Cookie recipes]]
[[Category:Pie and tart recipes]]
[[Category:Frozen recipes]]
[[Category:Frozen dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Chocolate recipes]]
[[Category:Crumb crust recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>9lmkkqxlc9y4z6dqxjbeqq1vihg7qb9</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Iguana</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>201068</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448927</id>
      <parentid>4352037</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T02:49:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>flesh out</comment>
      <origin>4448927</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2995" sha1="1hymcbrw9lgesn9k2to52pacytp9g6t" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Ingredient summary
| Image = [[File:Iguana V.jpg|300px]]
| Category = Meat and poultry
}}

{{ingredient}}

'''Iguanas''' are a type of lizard sometimes eaten for meat.

== Characteristics ==
The animal musculature is varied, with most of the meat lying in the legs and tail.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Grimm |first=Beca |date=2015-04-12 |title=Florida's Best Iguana Meat Chef Makes Tasty Iguana Carnitas Tacos |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/we-spoke-to-the-best-iguana-meat-chef-in-florida-235/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=VICE |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Marty-Jimenez |first=Brenda |date=2018-08-22 |title=Iguana Recipe Ideas-Keep Food Safety in Mind |url=https://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/browardco/2018/08/22/iguana-recipe-ideas-keep-food-safety-in-mind/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=UF/IFAS Extension Broward County |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The meat itself is dark red to purple, with little fat or flavor.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-09-01 |title=What to Do With Puerto Rico’s Invasive Iguanas? Eat Them |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/what-to-do-with-puerto-ricos-invasive-iguanas-eat-them |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=Culture |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=DeLuca |first=Alex |title=Chicken of the Trees: The Ultimate Guide to Catching and Cooking an Iguana |url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/the-ultimate-guide-to-cooking-an-iguana-13825120 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=Miami New Times |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The texture is somewhat akin to chicken;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; some describe it as tough,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; while others say the opposite.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The meat has a reputation for smelling strongly when cooking.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Selection and storage ==
Evaluate and store iguana meat like other fresh meat. Gutting extends the shelf life. They may be frozen.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

== Preparation ==
The general recommendation for whole iguana is to remove the head and entrails before cooking.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; The skin is removed before or after cooking.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Larger iguanas (≥4 ft / 1.2 m) may have enough meat to debone and divide into cuts.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Smaller iguanas are better cooked whole before picking off all the meat.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Due to the risk of salmonella, treat iguana meat like that of chicken in terms of food safety and handling.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Use ==
Iguanas are eaten in regions where they are endemic, and some authorities are encouraging the practice in areas where iguanas have become invasive species such as Florida and Puerto Rico.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; The meat can be cooked by either wet- or dry-heat methods,&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; including stewing and frying; try adapting methods used for chicken.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The immature eggs may also be eaten.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Recipes ==
&lt;categorytree mode=&quot;all&quot;&gt;Iguana recipes&lt;/categorytree&gt;

== References ==
[[Category:Meats]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A Beginner's Guide to MS Windows Optimization</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>210363</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448809</id>
      <parentid>4421845</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:45:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>slower then  &gt;  slower than</comment>
      <origin>4448809</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45392" sha1="jcsyjxa1r5imd2aujxco5jpyshhveac" xml:space="preserve">{{Split}}{{TOCright}}
'''Purpose of the guide:'''
Fast and comprehensive tips, how to speed up your PC with MS Windows. Its written for normal (non-geek) people, so the geeks don't have to help them do the same thing over and over and over and over again.

'''Why should I read this?:'''
Have you noticed that your PC is working much slower than it used to? I mean MUCH slower? That you have time to make dinner before some programs start? There may be a solution for this problem not involving purchases of a new PC, or spending money on support, or buying programs (possibly buying more RAM memory). Try to read through the whole guide and try to understand it, most of the words/terms that you don't understand can easily be found Googleing or on Wikipedia.

'''Why did I write this?:'''
Well, the reasons are many, but the main one being to help people with the common problem of slow computers. I tried to write this as easy as possible, keeping the text usable for the normal PC user. The text contains my own points of view, mainly to help people on the right track, so please don't delete them.

One more thing before we start, as a normal user you should know that the PC is a very complex electronic device, and you may be required to read other articles to fully understand this guide. If you are using a PC you need to know what a processor (CPU) and hard drive (HDD) is, I am sorry. Having a driver's license you most probably know what the engine does in the car, and what wheels are responsible for, without knowing more complex structures. Its the same in the PC, just the basics.
And remember, this is just a guide, every PC is different, I will just try to give you the tools, and the rest is up to you, and all you do is on your own risk. So please, don't skip Step 1.

== Step 1: Backup!! - Keeping the life vest on ==

Always always have a backup of your valuable data (pictures, documents, videos, music etc.) on a separate medium (CD, DVD, USB drive, external hard drive). If you don't, then do this. And yes, it has to be external, don't just copy it over to another partition, cause if you format the disk or drop it to the floor, you may lose the data anyway. And data recovery is expensive.

The easiest way to do backup, in my opinion, is to create a separate folder on the desktop, and then copy everything you want to keep over there. So you have everything in one folder. Its easier to check if you didn't miss anything this way. Then copy the folder over to the external medium. Nowadays the USB drives are very cheap and easy to use. Before you go and buy one, check how big the backup folder is. You do this by right clicking on the folder and choosing properties. Then get a Usb that is 30-40% bigger.

E.g., if the backup folder is 3500 MB (3,5GB), don't buy the 4GB one, cause it may not be enough, go for the 8GB or even better, the 16GB, so you have more space for future. If you have a lot of big files, like movies, consider buying an external hard drive. They are not cheap, but come in handy when your PC crashes. 
In my opinion, the most important data, that you should check, and double check, and triple check (yes very important) is: 
Pictures, documents, passwords and electronic certificates. If lost and data recovery fails, it's hard to get them from other sources. Movies/music/games can always be downloaded/bought.

About passwords, write them down on a paper, or make a text file and put it on your backup. Don't keep it on the PC. If you are afraid of someone reading it, consider using  an encryption program, a very good one is [http://www.FreeOTFE.org/ FreeOTFE], or [http://www.truecrypt.org Truecrypt], which are open source and free. Remember to keep your backup up to date! Do regular backups. And if you want to be extra safe keep the backup in a safe outside your house, e.g. in a bank.

'''Summary:''' Backup all your important data to an external medium, e.g. an usb drive. And keep it up to date. Especially pictures, documents, passwords, electronic certificates, music, movies.

== Step 2: Hardware identification - Looking in the dark ==

The first thing to do is to identify what kind of PC you have. A laptop or stationary. If its a laptop, write down the model number, e.g. Lenovo IdeaPad Y530, or Samsung N120 or whatever you have. Usually you can find it somewhere written on the laptop.

If you have non custom assembled stationary PC, e.g. DELL, HP, ACER, ASUS etc. You will have to find the model number too. If it is a custom assembled, e.g. a friend put it together, or a shop did, then keep reading.

Next you have to write down the specifications of the PC. That is the different PC parts (hardware). This may be tricky if you are a beginner. There are specific programs you can use for this purpose.

&lt;big&gt;'''The PC consists of:'''&lt;/big&gt;

'''Processor (CPU)''', it is the brain of the PC. The engine. There are two major CPU brands '''INTEL''' and '''AMD'''. To see what kind of CPU you have, go to:

 In Windows XP:
 (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System)

 In Windows Vista/7
 (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;System)

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/JADAhAacl

Here we can see that my CPU is a Intel Core 2 6400 2.13&amp;nbsp;GHz
Intel is the company, Core 2 6400 is the model, and the speed (clock frequency). 2.13&amp;nbsp;GHz is 2130&amp;nbsp;MHz.

'''RAM memory (RAM)''', is the fast short term memory. It is used by the CPU to access a lot of data very fast. Usually, data is read from the hard drive to the RAM, then it is used by the CPU. And then, if necessary saved back to the hard drive. The thing is that once you switch off the PC the RAM memory is cleared. So hard drives are used to save data when the power is off.

The problem here is that many programs are not memory efficient and stuff the RAM full. And when the RAM gets full, the PC redirects the RAM traffic to the hard drive. This is the very often slowdown we can see when RAM gets full, because hard drive is MUCH slower than RAM memory.

So e.g., you switch on the PC, and you have some programs that auto start, they are placed in the RAM. And if they take up the whole RAM space, the PC starts to write the RAM data to the hard drive, and the PC starts to think and think, and this is when it takes 5 min to start e.g. Word.

So a slow PC is not only the result of slow CPU, it is a more complex issue.
RAM space is measured in bytes. 1GB is 1000MB, on the picture above we can see that I have 2GB of RAM.

'''Hard drive (HDD)''', is the “permanent” memory, it is measured in bytes (MB or GB) 1000MB is 1GB. To compare: one “old floppy” is 1,44MB, one CD is usually 650-700MB, one DVD is 4,7GB (dual layer is 8,5GB). 
Usually, the more MB/GB the better.

HDD is the bottle neck in file transfer, because it is relatively slow. And it is, I would say, the most delicate component. If you drop the laptop, usually the first thing to break is the HDD. The HDD is also a tear and wear component, meaning it needs to be replaced once every couple of years. It depends how much you use the PC, but sometime its 5–10 years, sometime 20 years. 
So for all of you relieving your aggression on your laptops because they act inappropriately (are slow), please stop doing that, it may work on humans, but doesn't work on laptops. What can happen is irreversible damage to the HDD.

One final note about hard drives. Everyone knows that the hard drive &quot;is&quot; C: under Windows. But this is not correct. One hard drive can, but doesn't have to, be divided into smaller parts, called partitions. If you go to (start-&gt;Computer), you should see something like this:

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/IaDapAACl

Here we can see that we have C: and D:, looking at the icons, C: is a hard drives and D: is a DVD. So nothing special. But if you see something like this:

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/jADAfaACL

Here we see C:, D:, F:, Y: and Z:. 
Looking at the icons, C:, Y:, Z: are HDD, D: and F: are DVDs.

So in this situation, we have 1 HDD with 3 partitions or 2 HDD or 3 HDD. To differentiate, we have to open (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;Administrative Tools-&gt;PC Management-&gt;Disk Management).

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/iaDAOaaCl

Here we can see Disk 0, which is the primary hard drive, is divided into 2 parts (partitions), one is C: 48,83GB and the other is Y: 323.78GB.

The second hard drive is not divided and is assigned Z: 931.51 GB. 
The reason why we do like this will be discussed later.

'''Graphic card (GFX/GPU)''', is responsible for generating the picture on the screen. It is like a CPU but specialized only on graphics. There are many different graphic cards, for different purposes, in different price ranges. But there is some kind of artificial border we can divide them into.

*''Simple cheap ('''low end''')'' ones only used for non graphic demanding applications like surfing the web, MSN/ICQ, email, Office etc. They are often used in cheap laptops.
*''Average performing ('''middle end''')'' with a higher price then low end. Used for the same as low end, plus PC games on average graphic settings and other average graphic demanding applications. Most stationary PCs of non-power users have either a “high low end” card or a “middle end” graphic card.
*''High performing ('''high end''')'', those cards are insanely expensive and use a lot of electricity. They are only for power users, gamers and other people that know how to use them. One such card can be as expensive as rest of the PC together.

For non gamers and normal users, the graphic card doesn't really matter. What is important to know is the model name of the graphic card, so correct drivers may be installed. There are 3 big players on the graphic market:

*'''nVidia''' with its '''GeForce'''
*'''ATI/AMD''' with its '''Radeon'''
*'''Intel''' that produces some on board (motherboard) GPUs.

To check the graphic card go to (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;System-&gt;Device Manager-&gt;Display Adapters)
This program is very useful, it shows you everything that you have in the PC, and reports if a hardware is not correctly installed/functioning.

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/JadAGAaCL

Here we can see that my graphic card is a nVidia GeForce 7300GS, it is a low end card.

'''Motherboard (Mainboard, MB)''', is a big unit where all the components are attached to. It's like a skeleton in the body, responsible for keeping everything in on place. And provide the proper communication between the other components. The easiest way to check the model name of the motherboard is to download a free program called CPU-Z. This program will also show you the detailed information about your CPU and RAM.

 Please see: http://bayimg.com/jADAEAacl

The most important information here is model name and bios version. So we have an Asustek (ASUS) P5B-VM with bios version 0901.

'''Summary:''' Use the  Device Manager and CPU-Z to identify your hardware and write them down on a paper. Not on the PC. What you have to know before you proceed is: PC Model, CPU, RAM, HDD, GFX and MB. My system would look like this:

 Custom assembled PC
 Intel Core 2 6400 2.13&amp;nbsp;GHz
 2GB RAM
 400 GB + 1TB (1000GB) HDD (I have 2 hard drives and 3 partitions)
 nVidia GeForce 7300GS
 Asus P5B-VM bios version 0901

This is the basic description of your PC. This is what you tell people when they ask what kind of PC you have. Not like “its a pink one, with a flower on it, it has some connections in the back and it says HP on it.” No, those 6 lines is what you are supposed to say.

== Step 3: Assessment - Live or Die ==

Earlier users had to make a tough decision, either stay with a 8 year old operating system (Windows XP) or switch to the resource hungry Windows Vista making the PC slow. Or they could also try a Linux Distribution, like Ubuntu. I have stopped trying to convince people to it. Mainly because of people's untreatable fear for new things. But I still advise it as an alternative for old PCs. There are a lot of other guides about Linux and Linux vs Windows, Google them if you are interested. So back to the topic.

Now that Windows 7 has arrived, and it got good reviews. I am recommending it. So either go for Linux or W7.

The official requirements for W7 are 1Ghz CPU, 16GB HDD, 1GB RAM and DX9 GFX. This is not too precise data, there are a lot of PCs out there, that do fulfill this, but would run very slow.

So lets take a closer look on the requirements.

*1GB of RAM. I would recommend 2GB. Just to be safe from RAM to disk slowdowns. Ram is very cheap now, especially the DDR1 and DDR2 type, which is found in majority of “almost new” PCs today. To check what type you have use the CPU-Z program.
*CPU over 1&amp;nbsp;GHz (this value doesn't say much, but if your PC was bought after 2004, you should be able to run W7.
*16GB HDD. The system itself uses around 10GB so 16GB is really the minimum. You need some hard drive space, first for the operating system, and then for your programs and other files. So a minimum of around 40 GB would do.

So let say you have a laptop from 2005, with a 1,6Ghz CPU, and 60GB hard drive and 1,5GB RAM. And this is OK. But most laptops from 2005 wont have 1,5 GB RAM, they will have 256MB or 512MB. So what now? Well you have 3 options.

#Don't spend anything and install the operating system that the PC came with (probably Windows XP).
#Don't spend anything and Install a Linux Distribution, see Windows vs Linux
#Buy some RAM and install W7.

To buy RAM may be tricky, there are a lot of different kinds. So what I would recommend is to take the PC to a local (small) specialized PC store, and ask them to install 2 GB of RAM memory. This shouldn't cost more than 150 USD (2009) for DDR1 and 60 USD (2009) for DDR2. If you have some more cash to spend, go for 4GB (newer PC).

If you choose option 1 or 3, continue reading. If you go for Linux, I should congratulate you being free from Microsoft's enslavement, and continue reading your Linux guide of choice.

'''Summary:''' W7 is a great operative system, and I believe it will be the next Windows XP, it is here to stay for many years. 
If you have a PC able to run it then go for it. 
Remember if it doesn't satisfy you, you can always go back to the old operating system. And don't forget to buy some RAM, so you have at least 2GB. Even if you plan to run Windows XP.

== Step 4 Preparing - To format or not to format ==

OK so you have a PC that is slow, and you have read so much boring text about the PCs, and its still slow. So WTF? Yes I know, but we had to cover that boring theory. Now lets get to some practical stuff. Preparation for destruction. There are two schools of managing the slow PC problem. Stay and play or kill 'em all.

*Stay and play: Basically you install more RAM memory, delete the unnecessary programs, run antivirus, and install resource efficient programs. This method is safer, less time consuming (mostly) and less complex. If you choose this, go to (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;Programs-&gt;Programs and Features) and start deleting everything you don't need. And what don't you need? Well, I don't know, that's why its better to choose the other option. But if you don't want to wipe everything, jump to step 6.
*Kill 'em all: You make a backup, antivirus scan it and wipe the disk. Then you install a fresh version of Windows with the latest service pack (SP). This method has more risks. 
**The biggest one being that you might delete something you forgot to backup. 
**And the second one is that you may get stuck in the process of installing the operating system, and may have to call for help. But remember, the only damage that you may cause is easily reversible. Formatting the disk and installing new operating system will not cause any permanent damage to the hardware. Just don't forget about the backup.
**And really, its not that difficult to install Windows, just press “next” if you are uncertain.
**On the positive side, this is the best method of optimization, and the only way to be sure to get rid of all the viruses, trojans, ad ware and other nasty stuff that may parasite your PC . And this is the method I recommend strongly. Its not that hard, really. Just follow the guide and you will be fine.

Preparing for a format may be quite boring, but it's important to do it correctly. Just follow those steps.

*Do backup! On external medium. Check and double check.
*Prepare the installation CD/DVDs
**If you want to try W7, borrow the DVD from a friend or get it from a torrent site. You don't have to activate it, just install and try and see how well it works on your PC. If you like it, go and buy it. If not, install back your old operating system. 
**If you are installing your old system, write down the activation serial number, its usually on a Microsoft sticker somewhere on the PC.
**Its good to install Windows with the latest service pack. As for today, Windows XP has service pack 3, Vista has service pack 2. And W7 doesn't have one yet. 
**If you want an updated operating system DVD with latest service pack, visit ones again a friend or a torrent site, or other places that you may know. 
**If you use a old DVD without the latest service pack, you will have to install them later anyway, and it is very time consuming. So do try to get an updated version. You can also slipstream a service pack(Windows XP only). Google it if you are interested.
**One important thing here, don't install Windows XP with no service pack or with service pack 1. Those versions don't have a build in firewall. Meaning your computer will be exposed to the internet without and protection. Its like having unprotected sex with an unknown person, stupid stupid idea. A firewall protects you from a virus type called worms, they infect your computer, when you are connected to the internet. And the most important thing, you don't have to do anything, you will not even notice anything. Like a STD. Once you are in (connected), you are fu**ed.
**One more thing, when you are installing Windows from a CD/DVD you got with the computer, or if you are installing it from a recovery program, remember, very often, if not always, you will get a lot of crap programs installed too. This is a way of the PC manufacturers to earn money, so this is another reason to get a clean OEM CD/DVD. 
**To get a clean OEM CD/DVD with the chosen operating system, go ask around your friends, ask the geeks (they will know) or go to a computer store and ask what you have to do to get a clean Windows OEM CD/DVD. 
**Or you can download it, but this option is often a violation of the copyright, but hey if you have illegal copies of movies and music, cause I guess most of you have, so I guess you won't mind. But don't get me wrong, I buy my software, I believe that if a program is good, it should be bought.
*Download drivers
**If you have a laptop or non custom assembled PC, go to the web site of the manufacturer and download the latest drivers for your PC. E.g., if you have a HP, go to hp.com and go to support, and write in your model number there. Then the web site should show you the way. This step is good to do. It may be hard to find the drivers on the website, but try to find them, especially the network drivers, in case a fresh Windows install won't find the proper ones. Windows 7 has a lot of drivers build in, and it found all mine that were important. But just in case, download them.
**If you have a  custom assembled PC, go to the website of the motherboard manufacturer, in my case Asus (Asus.com) and download the drivers from there, especially the network drivers.
**If you find a BIOS update, you can download it too. But remember, updating your bios may damage your hardware, so if you don't know what you are doing, don't update the bios. Or ask someone for help.
**If you don't find any drivers, you can always hope for the best and install Window anyway. And if that fails you can always go back to your old installation (old installation CD or recovery).
**And don't use the drivers you got on a CD with the computer, they are usually old. Download the newest once from the website. And in case you can't find the drivers, and Windows doesn't work without them, then maybe consider using old drivers. Remember, most computer crashes are caused by old/bad drivers.

To help you on the way, a small explanation about torrents. To use bit torrent technology, you first need a program do download stuff with, called a bit torrent client. A good one is [http://www.utorrent.com uTorrent]. Don't use the Azureus/Vuze, its slow and resource hungry. 
Download uTorrent and install it. Its for free and a virus free program.
Now you need a place to download torrent files from, a torrent file is a small file containing instructions for the bit torrent client how and where from to download the files you want to get. A place like this is called a tracker. A good one is [http://www.thepiratebay.org The Pirate Bay].
So for example, you want to download Ubuntu, or any other operating system. Ubuntu is open source and fully legal to download. First install uTorrent. Then visit thepiratebay.org, mark the “application” box and “search titles only” box and search for Ubuntu. 
Here we see the results. On the top of the page, we can see 7 columns.

*'''Type:''' It is the category of the file, for Ubuntu its “Applications &gt; UNIX”. Yes Linux is an UNIX like system.
*'''Name:''' Its the name of the file with a short description.
*'''Uploaded:''' the date when the torrent file was uploaded.
*Next column is nameless, its a fast link to download the file.
*'''Size:''' Size of the file.
*'''SE:''' Seeders, its the estimated amount of people that have the complete file.
*'''LE:''' Leechers, its the estimated amount of people that is downloading the file.

Now to download the Ubuntu file, we want to download it from the best source, with the highest number of Seeders, if a file has 0 or 1 seeders, it may be very difficult to download it, especially if the file is big.

So we click on the SE to sort the result my the number of Seeders.

And now we click on the file we want to download. And click “download this torrent”. Download it to the desktop, it will be easy to find it then.

Now double click on the torrent file you downloaded, to open it in uTorrent. The program will ask you where you want to save the big Ubuntu file, just put it on the desktop too, its easier that way.

And now we have to wait until the file finishes. It may take some time, but read further so you know what has to be done.

Most files that you download, that contain an operating system, are stored in an .iso file, e.g. Ubuntu.iso. 
An iso file is like a .zip file. It acts like a container for other files. So what you should get once the download is finished, is ONE big file. Called something.iso. If its many .rar files, you need to unpack them with [http://www.7-zip.org 7zip]. But let's assume it's one big .iso file.

Now once download is finished, we have to copy (burn) this .iso file to a DVD (or CD if the file is small enough). To do this we need to use a CD/DVD recording program. A good and free one is [http://www.imgburn.com Imgburn], NERO is good too, but it's big, slow and expensive.

To be able to record CD/DVDs you need a blank CD/DVD  and a CD/DVD burner. Nowadays everyone has one, and if you don't, copy the file over to an usb drive and visit your friend. Imgburn will tell you if it can find a CD/DVD burner.

So, to burn the CD/DVD, just download Imgburn, install, click write Image file to disk. Choose the file we downloaded, and click on the icon on the bottom left corner, the one with a disk with an arrow to the CD. And the program will start recording. When the program is done, we have a fresh CD/DVD with the operating system of our choice.

'''Summary:''' OK, so we have done the backup, we checked its compete. And we checked it again. We have a clean OEM CD/DVD with Windows on it, and we checked its with the latest service pack (SP3 for XP, SP2 for Vista). And we have all the drivers from the website on an usb drive. OK, next step.

== Step 5: Installing Windows - Total Annihilation ==

Before you wake up your blood thirsty destructive side, check that you have done your backup, I know I am repeating myself on this topic, but formatting the disk till erase all data on the drive. Check that you have a serial key for Windows, and check that you have the newest drivers for Windows.

Before we can install a new operating system, we need to check one option in the BIOS. We need to check that CD/DVD is booting (starting) before the HDD. It may sound complicated, but its really easy. To enter BIOS, we need to restart the PC
The first couple of seconds when the PC is booting you may see a message like “To enter BIOS press F2”. You have to press that key before Windows starts. It is usually the F1, F2, F12 or the DEL key. If unsure, press all of them when the computer is starting.

In the BIOS you move around in the menus using the arrow keys. Don't worry, if you don't save any settings you won't break anything, if unsure, press the power button and start all over again. In the BIOS you need to find something that is called Boot Order or Boot device priority. Look around in the menus. If you find it, make sure that the CD/DVD is listed before the HDD. Don't forget to save the settings. If unsure read the manual, if you don't have one, download one from the manufacturers website.

Here is an old but good YouTube clip about BIOS: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc1t3c5Yke8

Because there are millions of guides about installing Windows. I am not going to reinvent the wheel again, so here are some good ones. Just follow them.

Just one more thing, the partitions, you will have to choose if you want to install Windows on the whole disk, or to split the disk into partitions. The easiest is to install Windows on one disk with one partition. And if you don't want to complicate things, do that.

But if you e.g. create 2 partitions, e.g. C: and Z:, you can install Windows on C: and then use Z: for all your files. And then when you will have to install/format the disk again, you can only format C: and leave Z: alone. This will save you a lot of time. The choice is yours.

If you choose to do 2 or more partitions, just remember to do the C: at least 20-30GB big, I would recommend 40GB (40 000 MB).

One final note from me, there are 2 versions of each of the operating system, a 32 bit version, called x86 and a 64 bit version called x64. The 64 bit version is only for computers with 4 GB RAM or more. Don't install 64 bit system on 2 GB, it's a waste of memory. 
I know, I have it. But it was purely experimental.

'''Windows 7:'''
*Those guides are for an earlier testing version of Windows 7, so it may look a little bit different, but the installation process should be the same. The installation process of Vista is similar to W7 so just follow them.
*A good guide with pictures: http://www.techtalkz.com/windows-7/514412-windows-7-installation-guide-tutorial.html
*Microsofts Official W7 RC installation guide: http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/get/installation-instructions.aspx

'''Windows XP:'''
*Microsoft's official guide: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/setup/winxp/install.mspx

If you have any problems or questions, Google them, most of them are answered somewhere. Or use a tech forum to ask, or ask friends.

'''Summary:''' Install the operating system of chose.

== Step 6: Configuration - The beginning ==

So we are done installing Windows, we can see the desktop, so we are done? No, this is just the beginning. This is where the fun part starts.

The first thing we should do is to see if we have an internet connection. Just start a browser, e.g. Internet Explorer (IE). If it does work, we are lucky. If it doesn't work, well, complications.

To start diagnosing the internet connection problem, we need to look closer how you connect to the internet. There are three main ways to connect to internet.

#If you have a router home and you connect to the internet using either the wireless connection or the Ethernet (wire) connection. Then the problem probably involves the drivers.
#If you use an usb modem (xDSL) you need to install the drivers for it, and then log on using the user name and password. If you don't remember the password, look through the internet papers home, it should be somewhere there. Together with the CD for the modem.
#You use an old modem to connect to internet. First thing, consider getting normal broadband, 56k modems are out of fashion. Next thing, find your internet papers and follow the instructions there. It involves entering a phone number, a username and password.

Option 2 and 3 involves finding the papers, if you don't have them, call support, its usually free of charge, but you will probably be placed in a phone cue.

If it is option 1, then you have to install the network drivers, the ones you downloaded, if you don't have them, you will be stranded. Call a friend. This problem often appears in fresh installations of Windows XP. But has been solved in majority in W7. So one again, W7 is good for you.

So let assume the internet works. The next thing you should do, before anything else is to start Windows Update, and update your Windows. It can be found here: (Start-&gt;Windows Update).
If you are using XP, go here: http://update.microsoft.com

This is important in two ways:
#Some drivers may be installed through MS Update
#Some security flaws may be fixed, so you are more resistant to some viruses (worms). Always keep your Windows installation up to date.

After the update, check if you have the latest service pack, go to (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Security-&gt;System) there you will find, name of the operating system, and the service pack installed. See the picture above in Step 2.

If your Windows doesn't have the latest service pack, please install it, just keep updating your PC with Microsoft Update, and it will update it. Be patient , it may take a while.

Next is to check with drivers are missing. Go to (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;System-&gt;Device Manager). There you will have a list, the drivers that are missing will have an exclamation mark .

Like this: 
http://www.geckoandfly.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/find_search_download_windows_xp_missing_drivers_free_software_vista_how.jpg

Here we have a typical situation in XP where the drivers for graphic card, motherboard and network/modem are missing.

http://img160.imageshack.us/i/37862200yz2.jpg/#q=missing%20drivers

Here we are missing drivers for a sound card.

I guess you get the idea.
If you don't know what drivers are missing, try the different components in the PC. E.g. if the internet works, probably the network card is working. Test both the wireless and wire network card. If they both work, its OK. If the sound works, well then the sound chip is OK. And so on. Try everything.

'''Remember:''' Don't install old drivers from the CD you get with the hardware. Go to the website of the manufacturer and download new once. Don't be lazy, it will make your system more stable. As an example, have you ever written something on the computer, for couple of hours, and when you where done you pressed print and the damn PC crashed? And you didn't save? Well, happened to me too. There are four things you can learn from this.

* Update your Windows regularly
* Update your programs regularly
* Use only new drivers
* Save before printing

The most important drivers install/update are:

*Motherboard: Check the manufacturer's web page and download the newest ones. Its important. I have seen computers crashing in very odd ways with bad motherboard drivers. Of what I know W7 installs most motherboard drivers through MS Update.
*Network card: Important too, if the internet is working try MS Update, if it fails check the PC/motherboards manufacturers web page.
*Sound: the same as Network card.
*Bluetooth: the same as Network card
*Webcam: the same as Network card
*Graphic card: this one is special. If Windows do find your GFX, its still recommended to update the drivers. Mainly because you can gain more performance. It's a little bit trickier to update the GFX. Remember, I wrote that there are 3 player on GFX market, nVidia, ATI/AMD and Intel. If you have an Intel card, don't update, its enough with the Windows Update.
**Nvidia: If you have a nVidia GeForce GFX, go to http://www.nvidia.com and download and update your graphics card.
**ATI/AMD: If you have an ATI Radeon, go to http://www.ati.com and download and update your graphics card.
**Remember: if you are a gamer, and play new games, keep an eye out for new drivers. Often updating GFX drivers will increase the performance in the games. Sometime even dramatically. Don't be lazy, update GFX drivers often. They are released once every 1–2 months.
**If you have a laptop, it may be impossible to install the official drivers. What you can do is to modify them with a program, that will enable you to update the drivers.
***For laptop users with a nVidia card: http://www.driverheaven.net/nvmodtool.php
***For laptop users with an ATI card: http://www.driverheaven.net/modtool.php
***Just read the instructions, its not too hard.

One more thing here, if you divide your hard drive into 2 or more partitions, you have to format the other ones to be able to see them. Go to: (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;Administrative Tools-&gt;PC Management-&gt;Disk Management).
Here right click on the unallocated partition of the disk, and select new simple volume. Follow the instructions.

'''Summary:''' After the install, update Windows with MS Update, install all the missing drivers. And don't forget about GFX drivers.

== Step 7: Programs - Ini Mini Maini Mo ==

OK, so its been a long road, and I hope most of you will come to this point cause its very crucial in this guide.

A program is an application, that performs a certain task, most of you know that. What most of you don't know is that there are a lot...a LOT of programs that can perform the same tasks. In a better or worse way, but the same.

There are two camps here:
*Either using big, resource hungry, slow and often expensive programs. Like Nero, MS Office, Photoshop, MSN, Norton Antivirus (most anti virus programs).
*Using less expensive, often free software, that is smaller, faster and sometimes more secure.

A lot of people don't know this, but there is actually at least one free, legally free, alternative program for every commercial program.

One thing I should say here, is that the big and expensive programs often have more features and functions. But you should know, that most people (99.9%) won't ever use those extra functions anyway. So its up to you what you want to use.

Here in this table, I will list all my favorite programs, with the links, short description, and its commercial alternatives. I have chosen these programs mainly because I use them myself and I think they are the best ones. All of them are free of charge and fully legal to download.

One important thing, because all of those programs are free (open source or freeware), some of them may want to install some ads on the PC. Making it slower, and possibly more insecure. So during the install, choose the custom install, and unmark any box saying, install Google toolbar, or ask toolbar. Don't install these useless programs. Just an advise.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
  |+ 
|-
  ! Name of the Program
  ! Short Description
  ! Commercial Alternative
  ! Other Free Alternatives 
|-
  | [http://www.OpenOffice.org OpenOffice]
  | Good and complete office suite. Small tip, don't install all modules, I usually deselect everything except Writer, Impress and Calc, I don't need the rest of them.
  | MS Office
  | Abiword
|-
  | [http://www.mozilla.com Firefox]
  | Good web browser with many plugins, my favorites are [https://addons.mozilla.org/pl/firefox/addon/1865 AdBlock Plus] and [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/201 DownThemAll]
  |Internet Explorer
  |Opera and Chrome
|-
  | [http://free.avg.com/ AVG Free]/[https://www.avast.com/en-in/index Avast]/ [https://antivirus.comodo.com/ Comodo]
  | Good and Free Anti Virus software
  | Norton Anti Virus
  | ClamWin, Avast, Avira Antivir
|-
  | [http://smplayer.sourceforge.net SMPlayer]
  | Video Media Player
  | Windows Media Player
  | Media Player Classic, VLC
|-
  | [http://www.foobar2000.org foobar2000]
  | Audio Media Player
  | Windows Media Player
  | WinAmp is not what it used to be...
|-
  | [http://www.GIMP.org GIMP]
  | Photo Editing Program
  | Photoshop
  | paint.net, Photoscape, mtpaint
|-
  | [http://www.miranda-im.org/ Miranda]
  | Low Weight Multiprotocol Instant Messenger Program
  | MSN, ICQ
  | Pidgin
|-
  | [http://www.7-zip.org/ 7zip]
  | File compression tool
  | WinRaR
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.ghisler.com/ Total Commander]
  | Superb file manager
  | Windows Explorer
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.imgburn.com ImgBurn]
  | CD/DVD recording software
  | NERO
  | CDBurnerXP
|-
  | [http://www.simplisoftware.com/Public/index.php?request=HdTach HdTach]/[http://www.hdtune.com/ HdTune]
  | HDD benchbarks and diagnostics
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.utorrent.com uTorrent]
  | Bit Torrent client
  | Vuze
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.ccleaner.com/ CCleaner]
  | software to &quot;clean up&quot;.
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.daemon-tools.cc/ DaemonTools]
  | Tool to mount CD/DVD images in Windows
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.foxitsoftware.com/ FoxitReader]
  | Fast .pdf Program
  | Acrobat Reader
  | sumatrapdf
|-
  | [http://www.dirms.com/ DirMS]
  | Good defragmentation program
  | Windows Defrag
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.FreeOTFE.org FreeOTFE]
  | Encryption program
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.truecrypt.org TrueCrypt]
  | Encryption program
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.cpuid.com/cpuz.php CPU-Z]
  | System Tool
  | -
  | SIW
|-
  | [http://hcidesign.com/memtest/ MemTest]
  | RAM memory checking program
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://www.driverheaven.net/modtool/ ATI mobility modder]/[http://www.driverheaven.net/nvmodtool.php nVidia mobility modder]
  | Tools to install new drivers on laptops
  | -
  | -
|-
  | [http://jdownloader.org/ jDownloader]
  | Tools to download from e.g. rapidshare.com more effectively
  | -
  | -
|}

Other programs that you may want to install after a fresh install are:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
  |+ 
|-
  ! Name of the Program
  ! Short Description
|-
  | [http://www.Skype.com Skype]
  | Internet telephone program
|-
  | [http://download.live.com/messenger MSN Messenger] 
  | If you don't like miranda or pidgin
|-
  | [http://www.java.com/en/download/manual.jsp JRE]
  | Java runtime, necessary for some websites and programs to work properly
|-
  | [http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/ Flash Player]
  | For website, e.g. youtube
|-
  | [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=2da43d38-db71-4c1b-bc6a-9b6652cd92a3&amp;DisplayLang=en DirectX runtime]
  | Newest directx libraries, important for gamers
|}

One more thing, remember, a lot of PC settings can be changed from the control panel, look around there, and customize your PC in your own way.

'''Summary:''' Install the programs you need. Avoid the big, resource hungry programs, they will slow down the computer.

== Step 8: Windows optimization - Removing the crap ==

This step involve increasing the performance of your PC. There are a lot of program suits claiming to improve the general performance in a magical way. Don't be fooled, most of them don't work.

The first thing we should do, is to:

*Remove all programs we don't use from the PC. If you just formatted your PC, you don't have to do this. 
*Install all the programs you are going to use. Don't forget to unmark the ads during the installation process. Follow step 7.
*Now, start CCleaner. CCleaner is a small and a very good program used to get rid of stuff like temporary files and auto start programs. 
**In the program select Cleaner tab, press “analyze” and then “Run Cleaner”. Now all the temporary files are cleared.
**Next select the Registry tab, then “scan for issues” and then “fix selected issues”. Press no to “you want a backup of those files”, and then “fix all selected issues”.
**Next select tools and startup. Here you will have a list of everything that is auto starting, meaning starting when you start your PC. Some of it is important, some is not. That's why you should disable the stuff you are uncertain of and not delete. Google the .exe file to see what they do. But generally, disabling the anti virus program, drivers for e.g. Sound card and GFX is not to recommend.
**The reason for disabling programs to autostart is to save RAM memory. And in this way both speed up the startup of the computer, and avoid getting RAM full.

To see how much RAM your PC is using, press Alt+Ctrl+Del buttons simultaneously, and then “start Windows task manager”.
Then select the performance tab. Here you can see how much ram is used, and how much CPU is used.

Usually, if you don't do anything with the PC, and you don't have any programs running, The CPU activity should be round 0-5%. If its fluctuating up to 60-90% then you have something running on your PC that shouldn't be running, like viruses or ad ware. Solution? Step 5.

In the processes tab, you can see which program uses the most RAM memory and CPU.

Another way of disabling a program to auto start is to open up the program in question, go to its setting menu, and unmark the box saying start on system startup. This can be done in majority of programs, e.g. MSN and Skype.

The best way to see which programs auto start, is to reboot the PC and then check the Windows task manager. You can also see which programs opened up in the lower right corner in Windows.

There is one more important thing I would like to cover. It is the Windows graphical performance properties. Sound scary, but what it means is that you can choose either:

* Having a nice looking Windows installation, with nice animations and transparencies (Vista and W7), but the trade off is slower performance
* Disable all or some of this eye candy and increase system performance.

The decision is yours to make. You can access those setting here: (start-&gt;Control Panel-&gt;System and Maintenance-&gt;System-&gt;Advanced System Settings-&gt;Settings for performance)

Here you can choose specific options, or just go for all or nothing.

The last thing I want to share is: When you download something, whether its programs, or BIOS or firmware or anything. ALWAYS get it from official sources. This way, you reduce the chance installing viruses and damaging your hardware.

'''Summary:''' Remove all the unnecessary programs, install everything you need, run CCleaner, remove as much as possible from the auto start. And then adjust your Windows graphical performance properties.

=== Non essential files ===

The following files are non-essential and can be removed:

* C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer - This directory can be removed from systems using an alternative browser
* C:\Program Files\MSN Gaming Zone - This directory can be removed
* C:\Program Files\Online Services - This directory can be removed
* C:\Program Files\Outlook Express - This directory can be removed on systems that do not use Microsoft Outlook Express
* C:\Program Files\microsoft frontpage - This directory can be removed
* C:\windows\iexplore.exe - This file is an internet explorer executable and can be removed from systems using an alternative browser
* C:\windows\system32\dllcache\iexplore.exe - This backup internet explorer executable can be removed from systems using an alternative browser
* C:\windows\system32\webcheck.dll - Component installed as part of Internet Explorer upgrade. Slows computer down. May be used by ActiveDesktop and Aignes Web Watcher and old stock ticker programs.
* C:\windows\system32\webcheck.dll - Component installed as part of Internet Explorer upgrade. Slows computer down. May be used by ActiveDesktop and Aignes Web Watcher and old stock ticker programs.

== Step 9: For the pros - Gambling your life away ==

If you want to be more professional, there are some other things you can do. But remember, all of them can damage your hardware, permanently, no format will help.

*Updating your bios: can increase your overall performance, stability, and compatibility. Its best to do the bios update before installing a new operative system. Look for the new bios updates on the motherboard/your pc manufacturer web page.
*Updating graphic card firmware: you can download the newest firmware (like bios for GFX) to increase the GFX performance, usually this involves setting a higher memory clock speed on the GFX. Download this from your GFX manufacturer web page.
*Updating CD/DVD: updating the firmware in the optical drive may increase the burning speed as well as medium compatibility, get it from your manufacturer's web page.
*Overclocking: by increasing the Front Side Bus (FSB) you increase the CPU clock, with increases the CPU performance. You can also overclock your RAM memory and your GFX. There are a lot of guides how to do this. Use Google.

{{Shelves|Microsoft Windows}}
{{Alphabetical|B}}
{{status|25%}}
{{Booklet}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>General Astronomy/The Water Cycle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>213097</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448971</id>
      <parentid>3651676</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:16:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>lighter then &gt; lighter than</comment>
      <origin>4448971</origin>
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      <text bytes="579" sha1="sediksldd9h07wasg6o1lkpwwkwv2am" xml:space="preserve">All of the water in the world keeps getting reused and reused. Why? Water molecules can be made into three forms: gas (steam), liquid, and solid (ice). The water cycle turns water into all three of these forms.

==the Cycle==

===Part 1: Up===
Water starts in the oceans. The oceans contain tons of water, and there is more water than land on the Earth's surface. With all this water in the same place, the water turns to steam, or ''evaporates''. And since steam is lighter than liquid, it goes up.

===Part 2: Together Again===
Now in the sky, the water condenses.

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Organic Business Guide/Starting from the market</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>219573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448984</id>
      <parentid>3850193</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
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      <text bytes="33205" sha1="qsvonvutw40sz86afi0mkgfcppv8nkj" xml:space="preserve">== Starting from the market ==
In the past there have been too many supply driven organic production initiatives. Many times production has taken place, only to find there is not yet a market, or that there is strong competition from cheaper suppliers. It is important that any new venture is demand driven. This chapter is an introduction to that demand, the market.

== What is the organic market? ==
The main organic markets are in the US and the European Union; the Japanese market is much smaller. Emerging economies like India and China are big exporters, but as yet are small consumers of organic products. Brazil and South Africa have better developed local markets for organic products, especially in their cities. However, these countries import very little; the consumption is mainly based on local production. Whereas the US and European Union are big producers, they are also big importers of organic products. Some of these products need to come from tropical countries, like coffee, tea and tropical fruits. But most organic imports are due to the fact that increase in national production is not sufficient to match market growth. In most European countries and in the US, the number of organic farms is presently not growing very much. Especially European farmers find it difficult to compete with imports. This is a chance for developing country producers. 


'''Market trends'''&lt;br&gt;
In 2007, approximately 1.2 m organic farms cultivated 32.2 m ha organically managed land worldwide&lt;ref&gt;The World of Organic Agriculture 2009, http://orgprints.org/15575/3/willer-kilcher-2009-1-26.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;.  The global market volume for organic food &amp; drink sales that year is estimated at 46 billion US$&lt;ref&gt;Organic Monitor: http://www.organicmonitor.com&lt;/ref&gt;.  The market has tripled in value over eight years. In 2009 there is only a limited slowing down of growth due to the global recession. Some companies have suffered but structural long-term growth is expected to continue spurred on by the interest in more sustainable production.
The volume of organic imports from developing countries is growing steadily. This is true for the big commodities like coffee, cocoa, cotton, tea and cereals, but also for fruits and fruit juices, vegetables, oil seeds and aromatic plants. With large retailers expanding their organic product lines, another important tendency is the demand for larger volumes per supplier (see box).

{{TextBox|'''Meeting the big demand'''&lt;br&gt;One year, a number of aspiring fruit drying operators from two African countries came back from Biofach excited about the high demand they had encountered for dried pineapple. They all tried to keep to themselves where the buyer came from but after a while it turned out to be one single German importer. Each individual drier produced only a fraction of the 10 tons per month that the German buyer wanted. Nevertheless, all of them wanted to be the supplier for this client, and they all wanted to buy the product from the others at a low price. This went on for two years without resolution. In the third year, a food processing company from another country announced that they are going to switch from canned pineapple to dried pineapple because they had found a solid buyer for a good quantity. It turned out that they too had spoken with the same German importer whose demand had still not been filled. If the fruit drying operators had pooled their output together, they might have been able to reach the required volume.}}

Market demand for products in conversion to organic production is rather limited. Most clients clearly prefer organic products to in-conversion products. In-conversion fresh produce is more marketable than storable products or ingredients destined for the processing industry. Products which are in short supply in full organic quality are sometimes sourced in in-conversion quality, albeit with a lower price-premium.


'''Market channels'''&lt;br&gt;
Organic products are sold in various types of outlets: in supermarkets, in specialised shops, in open markets, in direct deliveries to clients, and on farms. The market is supplied by a myriad of importers, wholesalers, processors, packers and distributors. The tendency is that an increasing share of organic food is marketed through supermarkets. You can make a distinction between organic retailers who only work with organic products, and companies that have organic products alongside conventional products.

There are now organic versions of most food products. A supermarket like Tesco in the UK has above 1,000 organic product items; Coop in Switzerland has around 2,000, including textiles. The most popular of these amongst consumers are the fresh foods, like fruits and vegetables, bread and dairy. There is also a wide variety of processed foods. Processing is almost always done where the market is. The food processing industry may therefore be another interesting market channel for your business.
When you start in organics, you will start at the bottom of the market. You will probably do business with companies that buy all kinds of products. They in their turn sell to wholesalers or processors. In time you might be able to move up into the supply chain, selling directly to processors or retailers. Also a processor is usually interested in cutting out the importer, but only when convinced that you are a reliable supplier of good, consistent quality produce in the required quantities.


'''What price can you expect?'''&lt;br&gt;
When prospecting for markets, most businesses are looking for attractive prices. However, doing business is much more than achieving the best possible price. In the organic sector, and certainly in the Fair Trade sector, you need to have a wider perspective (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Starting_from_the_market#Building_on_your_competitive_advantages|&quot;Building on your competitive advantages&quot;]]). What the market means for you depends to a large extent on who your buyer is. Looking for a market means finding the buyer(s) that fit you, and the other way around. Buyer and seller should fit together.

Generally speaking, prices for organic products relate to world market prices. Market prices for organic products fluctuate with the change in supply and demand. There is no fixed organic premium in the market. On average, you can expect a 5-15% organic premium for storable produce, and 10-25% organic premium for fresh produce. At times of oversupply it can come close to zero, while at times of shortage or for speciality products it can be as high as 50%. On the other hand, price setting for value added, or semi-manufactured products is not affected very much by international prices; it is dominated by the specific organic market. The general tendency is for the organic premiums to go down. Remember, the organic premium often includes the quality premium. This is what you get when selling the product - what you pay to the farmer is a different issue (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Organising_producers_for_the_market#Handling_pricing.2C_premiums_and_payments_for_farmers|&quot;Handling pricing, premiums and payments for farmers&quot;]]).


'''Relevance of the Fair Trade market'''&lt;br&gt;
With a turnover of 2.9 billion Euro in 2008, the market for Fair Trade products is approx. 10 times smaller than for organic products. However, growth of this market segment has been faster than in organics. Only a limited number of products are currently available as Fair Trade, whereas nearly every food product nowadays has an organic version. About 30-40 % of all Fair Trade products are also certified organic. The Fair Trade organic market is a subset of the organic one, i.e. the Fair Trade certification is usually added to an existing organic product. The big difference is the guaranteed minimum price in Fair Trade. While Fair Trade certification usually improves your market position, the minimum price may also limit your market, as the product becomes more expensive.

Usually, only a part of the production from Fair Trade certified producers can be sold under Fair Trade conditions. The remaining is sold in the conventional market. If your production is certified organic, you are normally able to sell most of your product as organic, as long as the quality is fine.

As an organic supplier you have to realise that most of your consumers expect you to be also somewhat Fair Trade. As a result many of the buyers of organic products also want them to be certified Fair Trade. If your organic buyers indicate that they want Fair Trade, make sure that they know what it means (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Organic_production_and_Fair_Trade#What_is_Fair_Trade.3F|&quot;What is Fair Trade?&quot;]]), and that they are ready to pay the minimum price plus a Fair Trade premium. In general it is advisable to follow Fair Trade principles within your business, and use that in your negotiations with your buyers, whether you get formally certified or not. Working towards Fair Trade already makes your business more attractive to farmers as well as to clients.

== Clients first! ==
There are two types of clients: your buyers and the final consumers. In your discussions with your buyers you will talk about the consumers and about what they want. It is thus important that you know some basics about the people that are going to buy your product, or a processed product that contains your ingredient&lt;ref&gt;For information on organic consumer profiles in North America, see http://www.ota.com/organic/mt/consumer.html&lt;/ref&gt;.
 
In the business, the buyers represent the consumers. They are supposed to know their markets, the consumers, and they will claim to do so. It is very difficult to argue with buyers whether or not they have their facts right. It is best to accept that demand dictates the market. So when your buyer says that the market wants a different variety or different packaging, don’t argue. When they say that consumers want lighter coloured dried pineapple, don’t argue. It is different for products that are blended. The market for coffee does not change that much, and there is little to change from your side as long as the quality is good. In the field of processed and retail packed products it is prudent to expect changes in demand about every year.


'''Knowing your market'''&lt;br&gt;
There are various sources of information on organic markets that will provide you with an overview (see [[Organic_Business_Guide/Annexes#Useful_references_and_websites|Annex &quot;Markets and marketing&quot;]]). It is also a good idea to visit online supermarket stores that sell organic products, and screen newspaper pages in target markets for articles on organic consumption. Despite all this publicly available information you may still find it quite difficult to understand what is in it for you. The overall organic market for dried fruits may be growing for example, but does it mean that you, with your specific product, quality, volumes and the price you can offer, are able to capture a share of this growing market? By carefully considering the products and services you can deliver, you can get a feeling for your potential in the market. It is very difficult to find good, real information without having a product and being in the market.


'''From markets to products'''&lt;br&gt;

[[Image:Product-portofolio.png‎|thumb|right|400px|Figure 5: Steps to identify the right product portfolio for your business.]]
Maybe you do not yet have a clearly defined product, or you are thinking of ways to diversify your product portfolio. You may have a range of options that you theoretically could produce, but you are not sure what would be the best option. In this situation you should start by checking which organic products are in demand, and then consider technical feasibility, profitability and competitiveness (Figure 5).

Out of the products which you could produce from a technical point of view (climatic conditions, farming system, know-how), for which of these does an organic market exist that offers both interesting prices and has good future prospects? Even if a demand exists for certain products, can you meet the market requirements for quality, volumes, timing of the supply (especially for fresh produce) and packaging (in case of processed or retail packed products)?

Once you have identified products that fulfil all these criteria, check whether their production would be profitable for you and for the involved farmers, considering realistic production costs and prices (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Planning_and_managing_your_business#Financial_planning_and_management|&quot;Financial planning and management&quot;]]). In order to be able to sell your product in the end, you need to be able to compete with others who offer the same product. Can you compete on price, on quality, or on another type of added value (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Starting_from_the_market#Building_on_your_competitive_advantages|&quot;Building on your competitive advantages&quot;]])? Are you ready to offer discount prices or other contract terms that are attractive for buyers? Suitable methods to systematically conduct value chain and market feasibility studies before engaging in production are the Rapid Market Appraisal.&lt;ref&gt;Helvetas, 2004. Clients First! A Rapid Market Appraisal Tool Kit.
http://www.helvetas.org/wEnglish/competencies/documented_experiences/doc_resources.asp?navid=16&lt;/ref&gt; and the Participatory Market Chain Approach&lt;ref&gt;Bernet, Thomas (ed.), 2006. Participatory Market Chain Approach. http://www.papandina.org/fileadmin/PMCA/User-Guide.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; This approach is particularly suited in situations where local and regional markets are targeted, or produce is sold to local exporters.


{{TextBox|'''From markets to products - Nepal organic coffee'''&lt;br&gt;
The organic and Fair Trade coffee market is highly competitive, with the coffee on offer exceeding the actual demand. Nepali producers, with their comparatively high production costs and small volumes are not able to compete in the general organic or Fair Trade coffee market. However, there is an increasing demand for single-origin speciality coffees. Buyers have already indicated interest in high-altitude shade grown Arabica coffee from Nepal, and small volumes have been sold to Europe and Japan.

With the image of a beautiful country and pristine environment, particularly well-known for its famous Himalaya mountain ranges, Nepal offers interesting options from a promotional perspective. The organic coffee producer organisations in Nepal therefore decided to focus on the speciality coffee market, with adequate quality management and branding. As it will take some time to increase production volumes to a level where they will be of interest to the larger brands offering speciality coffees, the initial focus is on specialized organic or Fair Trade shops. The producer organisations make sure that only coffee of top quality is exported, while the second grade is marketed in Nepali supermarkets, targeting upper-class consumers and expatriates.

As the rising awareness of the health benefits of organic food has induced momentum in organic vegetable production in Nepal, the coffee producer organisation could make use of a new market opportunity: they are planning to promote organic fertiliser based on coffee husks - a by-product of their coffee processing activities. In this way, the producer organisation hopes to be able to gain additional revenue. This would enable them to cover part of the overhead costs through the sales of the fertiliser, so that they are more flexible in coffee price negotiations.}}

== Matching supply and demand == 
Too many projects have been set up where it was not at all clear that there would be a demand for the products. It is, however, very difficult to be sure of demand when you do not have much to show. Nevertheless it is important to get a feel of the potential market, for example, by interviewing a number of traders during a trade show. At this stage it is very important to be realistic about your predictions of when and what quantity of production will become available. You should maintain those contacts, for example by sending them half yearly updates on your progress, or samples before the certified product becomes available. You can send a conventional sample as long as it is of the quality that you expect to be produced in the future in the organic project. Your questions in that situation could be: &quot;What do you think of the quality of the sample, what would you be willing to pay for this kind of product and what kind of volumes are you thinking about?&quot;

At the same time it is important that you have realistic data on your own production, in terms of farmers who are willing to participate, the acreage they have, the normal yield, and their sales in the last few years. In many cases, farmers, extension agents, authorities and everybody else tends to be over optimistic. If there is one thing potential buyers are very tired of, it is wrong estimates. The recommendation is that you start small (but still big enough to fill a container), plan conservatively, and take limited risks. Once this is successful and you know the market better, then expand (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Planning_and_managing_your_business#Developing_the_business_step_by_step|&quot;Developing the business step by step&quot;]]). 

'''Adapting to the demand'''&lt;br&gt;
While you may not be too sure about your offer, demand is not stable either. Organic markets are as prone to the typical &quot;pig cycles&quot; of mismatching supply and demand, as markets for conventional agricultural commodities are. Forget about one market for all your produce, in which you sell the same volume of the same product every year. It is better to be prepared for demand that could stagnate but could also increase. You may want to do a certain volume on fixed contracts and another part ‘as the market develops’. For this you will need different type of buyers, and different products you can rely on. You may have long term relationships with some buyers, with fixed purchase and sales contracts. For the remaining part of the production you can try to find new clients, or sell in the open market. Of the first part you need to be certain, with the second part you can speculate to some extent.

In many internationally traded commodities demand never seems to match supply (see box in chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Moving_up#Scaling_up|&quot;Scaling up organic cotton production in West-Africa&quot;]]). It is obvious that when supply is low, prices are high, and vice versa. Particularly in smaller but growing markets, the relation of supply and demand may change rapidly. Prices may be high one year, but when another major producing country starts to harvest, then the prices drop sharply. There are a number of ways to build up a buffer:
* Build strong relationships with different types of buyers that cater to different retail markets and processing industries
* Sell your product in different countries on two different continents
* Sell part of your product right after harvest but have the facility to store part for six months
* Always have a fall back market for your products in local and regional markets
* Grade your products and use the different qualities for different market channels (e.g. first grade fruits for fresh export, second grade for drying, remaining for juice)
* Find a market for by-products (e.g. for cotton seeds, cactus leaves)
* Diversify your production (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Planning_and_managing_your_business#Developing_the_business_step_by_step|&quot;Developing the business step by step&quot;]])

== Relevance of local and regional markets ==
[[Image:Folie05.jpg‎|thumb|right|400px|Figure 6: Characteristics of local, regional and global markets for organic products.]]There are differences between local rural markets, regional urban markets (in the same or in neighbouring countries) and global markets for organic products (Figure 6). In the rural markets of most developing countries, organic products do not fetch a price premium, but quality sells. These markets are especially relevant to organic farmers who sell part of their rotation crops locally. Urban regional markets in some countries offer the potential of good prices for organic products, particularly for fresh produce of high quality. For many developing countries, export markets still provide the most promising opportunity for obtaining a reasonably high price. However, requirements in terms of logistics, quality management and formal certification are also the highest here. In addition, you need to be able to compete with other countries that produce the same product. A pure export focus with only one product is therefore risky. In many cases it is a better strategy to sell different products in different markets (local, regional and global ones).

Companies involved in export often do not, or do not like to operate in local or regional markets. The local market is often a different range of products from the export market. Sometimes there is an overlap though, like in the case of mangos in Mali, where dried mangos are going for export (some to the local market, see box), first-grade fresh mangos are mainly sold in regional markets (some are exported), and the remainder goes for juice sold in regional urban markets. In Uganda, pineapples can be exported fresh or dried to Europe, while some truckloads of fresh pineapples are sold to the juice market in Kenya. For honey producers in Tanzania it turned out to be more profitable to sell to the Kenyan market rather then to export to Europe.


{{TextBox|'''Promoting dried organic mangos in Mali'''&lt;br&gt;
&quot;Here in Mali, we are producing organic and conventional mangos. Part of the organic mango  is dried for export. For this, we need to ensure that only organic mangos enter the drying process. Initially, we only produced dried mango chips, but then some buyers expressed interest in discs, which are more difficult to cut. Today, we offer both types of dried mangos, so that the client has the choice.

We also started to promote dried mangos in the local market so that our own people can benefit from this healthy product, and also to reduce dependency on exports. However, people were not used to consuming dried mangos, so we first needed to make the product known. At different occasions we offered people product samples to taste, and most people were surprised about how good it tasted. However, they usually found the price too high. We had to explain to them that several mangos are needed to prepare dried mangos for one package. Only after having understood this, customers accepted the price and bought the product. To introduce a new product, you really need to make efforts to sensitize consumers.&quot;}}


'''Characteristics of local and regional markets'''&lt;br&gt;
 In each country there are a limited number of consumers willing to pay more for organic products, mainly because of health reasons but also taste. The local market for organic products is often based on interest from middle to upper class people, and expatriates. These local markets typically start with products such as fruit and vegetables. With some promotional activities to raise consumer awareness, this type of market can grown significantly.

In India, for example, organic pulses and cereals fetch a better price in local markets because consumers value the quality and taste. In Laos, a traditional aromatic rice variety produced by the organic farmers of a specific region has successfully been introduced in urban markets. In Zambia, organic farmers sell part of their produce in local farmers' markets or to urban supermarkets, while in Uganda box schemes have been organised that supply individual households. In many cities in low and middle income countries, organic farmers’ markets have been established. Typical examples are the &quot;Eco Ferias&quot; in Latin America&lt;ref&gt;E.g. http://www.agrosolidaria.org&lt;/ref&gt;. Different producers come together to market their (organic) produce directly to consumers. This is especially suitable if you have a variety of products, but of smaller volumes.

There are many more successful examples of developing local markets for organic products&lt;ref&gt;IFOAM, 2004. Developing Local Marketing Initiatives. A Guide for Small and Medium Enterprises: http://shop.ifoam.org/bookstore/product_info.php?cPath=64_22&amp;products_id=452&lt;/ref&gt;. With increasing consumer awareness and rising incomes, the potential of local and regional markets for organic products is clearly increasing. Organic businesses should therefore think early about how to capture this opportunity&lt;ref&gt;Although based on experience from Europe, the &quot;Guide to successful organic marketing initiatives&quot; provides useful guidance on how producer organisations can develop local and regional markets. https://www.fibl-shop.org/shop/show.php?sprache=EN&amp;art=1338.&lt;/ref&gt;
  
Whereas your initial interest may be in exports of one specific product, it is important to assist the farmers with marketing their other crops as well. This is especially true in the case of annual crops grown in rotation with the main crop. It is also a way of keeping the money turning over, the trucks rolling and your staff busy. Some traders of conventional agricultural produce offer attractive conditions to organised groups of organic farmers, as they appreciate the extension and quality control system and that logistics are already organised.

For processed products it is almost a must to try them on the local market and compete with imports before launching them in the export market. If you want to use the local market as a stepping stone towards exports you can target local supermarket chains. Their requirements are often similar to those of the export market. They usually want some sort of formal certification or labelling. Another demanding customer is the hospitality industry: restaurants and hotels. They are also strict on quality, delivery and reliability of supply.

{{TextBox|'''How to gain a market share in a conventional market'''&lt;br&gt;
The onion market in Burkina Faso is dominated by imported conventional onion from the EU. This is the case although onions are produced locally, using organic methods (not certified yet). The locally produced onions have a competitive disadvantage in that they are more expensive than the cheap onions imported from the EU. In this situation, the following options seem promising in order to gain a share for the organically produced onions in the local market:
* promote organic products among urban consumers and shops
* distinguish the product from conventional onion through packaging and labelling
* emphasize the advantages of the organic local onion (taste, shelf life, benefit for farmers)
* in order to penetrate the market, sell at a competitive price for the start-up period
* look for another new market segment (i.e. differentiate), e.g. dried onion
(Result of a group discussion in an organic value chain workshop)}}

{{BookCat}}

== Building on your competitive advantages ==
Even if the market demand for a certain product is growing, you can not take it for granted that you will secure your share in this market. Competition between different producers and different countries supplying organic products is increasing. It is therefore a good exercise to regularly evaluate how you compare with your competitors. You should not only consider the product and the price, but also what it is like for the buyer doing business with you.


'''What could your competitive advantage be?'''&lt;br&gt;
Do you have a unique product that no-one else has? Suppliers often think overly positively about their own product but it is quite rare that someone has something really unique. Nevertheless, there are ways to stand out from your competitors. Your competitive advantage could for example be:
* Clear and reliable product specification: Do you actually know your product, have you analysed it; did you ask your buyers for their analyses? Do you have a formal product specification? Have you asked your buyers for your competitors’ specifications? 
* Reliable and consistent quality: Is your product of consistently good quality? Even the fact that you might check your product yourself for aflatoxin, microorganisms or oil content can be seen as a good company attribute!
* Additional certifications: You can express your awareness around quality issues by exploring what extra certification or quality management systems may help you in developing your business. Would the buyer like you to use the ISO, GAP or HACCP system? Ask them.
* Flexibility in volumes: Are you willing to supply 200 kg to try? Can you supply one container less, or two containers more at short notice? Can you supply larger volumes next year?
* Logistics: How fast can you deliver? Can you rely on the container line you use and ensure that there are no delays in the port? Can you deliver during a period when a major competitor can not? Do you have good storage facilities and can you ship throughout the year?
* The story behind the product: Can you prove that your production has a positive social and environmental impact (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Moving_up#Having_an_impact|&quot;Having an impact&quot;]])? Can you provide suitable information and visual material about your production?


'''Competing on price?'''&lt;br&gt;
You should be sceptical about a low price being your main competitive advantage. Organic trade is not about the lowest price, and both buyers and sellers should be wary if the other party talks only about low prices. Discussion should be about remunerative prices, i.e. a price that you deserve but also allows other stakeholders of the value chain to make some money. If you are able to defend your calculations, then use this as a tool to demonstrate the minimum price required (see chapter [[Organic_Business_Guide/Planning_and_managing_your_business#Financial_planning_and_management|&quot;Financial planning and management&quot;]]). Most businesses do not want to disclose their cost structure, but what is there to worry about confidentiality? You make a much better impression by being able to show your calculations and then ‘on the spot’ adjust the farm gate prices if there is a change in exchange rate, or a smaller or bigger order.


{{TextBox|'''It's not only about price'''&lt;br&gt;
&quot;Price is only one aspect when deciding whether or not to buy from a specific supplier. Volumes for sale and availability of the product are of course important as well. The next thing then is the question of whether the supplier is able to handle the export bureaucracy and paper work, and the necessary logistics. Can the supplier ensure that the product is properly packed and shipped, or does he rely on sub-contractors? Having proper quality management in production, processing and exporting is key. Quality specifications indicated in the technical sheets need to be taken very seriously - they are binding. 
Probably the most important aspect, however, is the service provided by the supplier. Do I get precise and honest answers without delay? Can I rely on the promises of the supplier, and does he tell me when something I asked for is not feasible? If problems come up, does he work with me to find a solution?&quot;

                                                         ''Peter Lendi, importer of organic spices, herbs and oil seeds''}}


Nevertheless, price is an important aspect in any commercial transaction. If your prices are considerably higher than those of competitors, you will find it difficult to find a buyer. Some countries benefit from free trade agreements or preferential treatment conditions with importing countries&lt;ref&gt;E.g. the EU's Generalised System of Preferences, 
http://ec.europa.eu/trade/wider-agenda/development/generalised-system-of-preferences and the US' African Growth and Opportunity Act, http://www.agoa.gov&lt;/ref&gt;. This can be an important factor in competing with other producing countries.


{{TextBox|'''Summary of recommendations'''
* Inform yourself about the requirements and trends in different markets, including the expectations of the final consumer.
* Plan your business based on realistic price expectations - in the long term, you should be able to run it with a 10-15% organic premium.
* Before entering into production, check whether you can meet market requirements (quality, volumes, packaging, logistics) and whether you can compete with others while still making a profit.
* Get in touch with the market at an early stage; check quality requirements based on samples of your products.
* Be realistic with your plans; start small, get into the market, expand step by step.
* Diversify your markets and think of a fall back market in order to cope with fluctuations in market demand.
* Arrange for marketing of part of your production in local and regional markets, and help farmers to sell their rotation crops locally.
* Develop your competitive advantage beyond offering an attractive price. Focus on quality, flexibility, service and a unique story.}}

== Footnotes ==
&lt;references /&gt;

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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>OpenClinica User Manual/CreatingANewCRF</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>223393</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448908</id>
      <parentid>3714797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T20:31:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kaltenmeyer</username>
        <id>715252</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Creating a new CRF */ ce</comment>
      <origin>4448908</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2283" sha1="kwlasv521hxf4dexb5t1bl1q8u9ee6w" xml:space="preserve">== Creating a new CRF ==
=== Download the CRF Template ===
Log in to OpenClinica as a Study Director and click on &quot;Tasks&quot;. 
Select item &quot;CRFs&quot; in section &quot;Administration&quot; from the list.&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:TaskMenuCRF.jpg|none|Taskmenu]]
&lt;br&gt;
The next screen &quot;Administer Case Report Forms (CRFs)&quot; will appear. Click on &quot;Blank CRF Template&quot;.
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:AdministerCRFsBlank.jpg|none|Blank CRF Template]]
&lt;br&gt;
By clicking this link the download of an Excel sheet is started which can be used to define the elements of the CRF.
Save this file to your computer, open it with MSExcel and save it under a new name.
In the new form we will write the address. 
&lt;br&gt;

=== OpenClinica-ID (OID) ===
In this section we will not elaborate on how you create sections, items or validations for your CRF. But at this point it may be useful to know how OpenClinica handles names.
Every object in OpenClinica has a unique OpenClinica-ID or OID. When you have edited the blank CRF template to start a CRF for let's say the intake of your study, rename your file to 'Intake.xls'. Type this name in cell A2 of tab CRF. The first four characters of the name of your file will be used to construct the OID. &lt;br&gt;
[[Image:CRFXLTabCRF.jpg|none|XL sheet]]
&lt;br&gt;

=== Upload the new CRF ===
Make sure you've saved your excelsheet and switch back to OpenClinica. Now you will be able to upload your file (instructions below) and the CRF will be added to your list. The OID for intake.xls for example will be something like &quot;F_INTA_5348&quot; and is displayed in column &quot;VERSION_OID&quot;. The name you typed in cell A2 will appear in &quot;CRF Name&quot; which is the first column on the left.
Click on &quot;Create a new CRF&quot; in the &quot;Administer Case Report Forms (CRFs)&quot; screen. 
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:CreateNewCRF.jpg|none|Create new CRF]]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The &quot;Create a New Case Report Form (CRF) screen will appear, click &quot;Browse&quot;, browse to your Excelsheet and select it.
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:UploadCRF.jpg|none|Upload the new CRF]]
&lt;br&gt;
=== Check the CRF ===
Then click on &quot;Preview CRF Version&quot;. If errors were found they will be displayed in orange at the top of the result page. Open your excelfile, correct all errors and restart creating the new CRF. If no errors are found you can add your new CRF to your list of available CRFs.


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  <page>
    <title>DarkBASIC Programming/Number Crunching</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>228678</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448842</id>
      <parentid>2368179</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:02:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>easier then &gt; easier than</comment>
      <origin>4448842</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2082" sha1="jt7k925ji96l3lvnvwql8089i23etpq" xml:space="preserve">===&lt;center&gt;Day 9 Cont'd&lt;/center&gt;===
 
This lesson is all but one day long. When it's done, we'll move on 
to 2d don't expect mario or pong yet first thing we'll be doing is 
learning string manipulation, in about a day or so then we'll move on 
to images and whatnot. Who likes math? Not me, that's why we'll be 
getting DarkBASIC to do math for us. It'll be easier than using 
a calculator you won't even have to think about it.

Typical Math Operators

&lt;pre&gt;
+ is Increment of a value
= is equal to
- is decrement of a value
÷ is the division symbol. (ALT + 246 to create the ASCII symbol for division)

X multipying
&lt;/pre&gt;

Okay, first of all by increment I mean increasing a value by 
whatever and vice versia with decrement as you decrease values. 

Typical Programming Operators

&lt;pre&gt;
+ still addition
= is equal to
- is subtraction
/ is division
* is Multiplication
&lt; is less than
&gt; is greater than
&lt;&gt; is not equal to
&lt;= is less than or equal to
&gt;= is greater than or equal to
:= is assigned the value of...
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember the above like you remember Christmas or you'll have 
problems doing math in programming! I can go on with more operators 
but it's not needed in a simple language like DarkBASIC as most of 
the math is taken care of by easier commands like wrapvalue.

This example may be easy but here it is

&lt;pre&gt;
`Math Example
`By Dbtutor

a = 1+2
b = 3-7
c = 9/3
d = 10*2

Print a
Print b
Print c
Print d
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Most people have already known what was going to happen 
and what was going on. 

Here's some easy stuff!

&lt;pre&gt;
`Few math examples

a = 67

hexofa$ = hex$(a) ` hex$ returns value of 'a' as a hexdecimal string.
binaryofa$ = bin$(a) ` bin$ returns value of 'a' as a binary string.

b = 3

c = sqr(b)

inc d
dec e

Print a
Print hexofa$
Print binaryofa$
Print b
Print c
Print d
Print e
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Why you'd need these above commands is beyond me, you only 
need them in rare situations, for more examples of math in 
DarkBASIC consult the DarkBASIC editor's command reference under math.
For now it's over with...

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    <title>DarkBASIC Programming/Original single-page version</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>228683</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448845</id>
      <parentid>4383763</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:03:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>easier then &gt; easier than</comment>
      <origin>4448845</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="74033" sha1="7xbko8r5gl7weesw9w9u5yw4cbtctdc" xml:space="preserve">== Table of contents ==

Some lessons may be incomplete or not done at all. If you feel you're up to it contribute!!
:::::* [[#Foreword|Foreword]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 1 - Introduction to Programming|Lesson 1 - Introduction to Programming]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 2 - The Hello World Tradition|Lesson 2 - The Hello World Tradition]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 3 - Fundamentals of DarkBASIC|Lesson 3 - Fundamentals of DarkBASIC]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 4 - Number Crunching|Lesson 4 - Number Crunching]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 5 - Loops|Lesson 5 - Loops]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 6 - File Control &amp; Data|Lesson 6 - File Control &amp; Data]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 7 - 2D Game Programming Pt 1|Lesson 7 - 2D Game Programming Pt 1]]
:::::* [[#Lesson 8 - 2D Game Programming Pt 2|Lesson 8 - 2d Game Programming Pt 2]]
:::::* [[#Final Words By Dbtutor|Final Words By Dbtutor]]
:::::* [[#Reference A - Good Programming Habits|Reference A - Good Programming Habits]]
:::::* [[#Reference B - Game Design Books &amp; Sites|Reference B - Game Design Books &amp; Sites]]

:::::* [[/Original single-page version|Original single-page version (for reference during rearrangements)]]

----

==&lt;center&gt;Foreword&lt;/center&gt;==
First of all, thanks for checking out this book on DarkBASIC. It's the first WikiBook on the subject of DarkBASIC Programming. Not everyone can program, 
but in the information age I believe that it's necessary for everyone to 
gain the skills to use different types of technology. Especially, 
computers and programming. Today and for the next 30 days you'll learn 
a lot about DarkBASIC Programming and a lot about what you can accomplish 
using a computer. DarkBASIC is all about making DirectX do your 
evil bidding and your domination of the world of computer game programming. 
I hope you read and contribute to this book, as well as rant 
because then I can fix stuff others will insult. I hope you enjoy!

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 1 - Introduction to Programming&lt;/center&gt;==

In this tutorial I'm going to assume you have no prior programming experience, 
or else you wouldn't be reading this book. You would pick up the manual, 
compare it to C++, and program in DarkBASIC easily. First of all not to 
scare you but game programming is not easy and secondly you are not going to 
make a &lt;insert copycat blockbuster game here&gt; killer or clone or whatever 
in DarkBASIC for a long time. I'm also going to assume you have v1.0 of the &quot;classic&quot; or non-pro edition of DarkBASIC or else with another version you'll have 
some problems running this code unfortunately. Programming is not a 
new concept, and there are many hundreds of languages 
such as DarkBASIC out there, one such programming language comparable 
to DarkBASIC is BlitzBASIC, and you may have heard of Visual Basic.

== So what is programming?  ==

This isn't a stupid question. Programming is not just making applications for Windows, or talking a language your computer understands. Programming is input, process, and output. If you take computer sciences, chances are you'll be doing program outlines, but right now you're a hobbyist programmer so let's keep it simple. Not all of us know VC++ or Pascal. DarkBASIC is game oriented. You can make applications in it, but it's harder.  There are no message boxes in the version we'll be using. But DarkBASIC is easy and fun, especially for beginner's and junior programmers. Instead of having to write 1000+ lines of code to put a 2d character on screen you'll write one, instead of writing a massive program to make a cube spin you'll write a simple and human readable one in 20 or less lines. If you have no patience, take it slow and easy and don't move on until you understand it all or else you'll be bald by the time you finish this wikibook. I will say this: this book is a work in progress. I'll be finished as soon as possible so, bare with me please. Programming is simply entering lines of code that once compiled, or is run, tells the computer to follow out a task until it's done. What's involved is input, or you programming; processing or computing; and finally output, what you get to see. 
[[Image:Input-process-output.JPG]]

'''Figure 1.1'''(This is the Model of Input, Process and Output.)
'''So you know:''' A coder is another word for a programmer.

All programs follow the above method, since every program is (1) certainly programmed, (2) is certainly compiled, and (3) certainly displays results. Now, just what is code then? Code is the recipe for your program. Computers won't do a task wrong. You'll do the task 
wrong. To keep your program from doing things that could harm computers, the compiler(or program that checks to see if the program works) runs the program and generates syntax errors (if there's something wrong). These syntax errors, tell you that you made a mistake and you must fix it before you can see your program(in most cases). So, computers don't make mistakes.

There are many sorts of errors also! The most common is called ''' a syntax error '''. A syntax error are mistakes in your program's code. A programming language like a written language is incorrect if it contains things that are gibberish. Like in English, asdfjdj is not a word, it's gibberish. Just like in DarkBASIC, print is a command, where as printf is not. Another kind of error is called a run-time error, this is when your program compiles but you don't get the results you want. Such as if your writing is sloppy, the word &quot;hello&quot; may look like jello and the person will get the wrong information from it. Run-time errors are things that aren't suppose to happen, like when in your favorite video game, when a character can sometimes walk through a wall, or the program crashing when this happens.

The process of fixing your mistakes is called debugging. You'll get familiar with this; half your time or more will be spent doing debugging. So as much as possible, save, compile, debug, and run. It'll save you lots of anger, and stress. Finally remember this: with computers, the language goes through assembly or getting put into binary, and sent back to your programming language. If the binary pattern is correct, then you have no syntax errors. Remember, 0s are off or false, and 1s are on or true. Remember when I said assembly above?

Well, here's how it works. First off, you compile or check syntax, then the code you entered passes through what's called machine language or assembly (its name changes depending on what its doing when it's compiling its assembler). Then it becomes pure binary (which is not human readable but meant for computers; they cannot understand anything other than 0s and 1s). Then it is sent back to the compiler where if the binary matches what's correct, it gets executed. If it doesn't, you get a syntax error and must debug. Now, don't quote me on that but that's basically what happens. So now you're ready to begin programming in DarkBASIC and will know what I talk about.

One more thing: DarkBASIC is not case sensitive.  If you don't know what this means, it means that DarkBASIC does not distinguish between upper-case letters and lower-case ones.

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 2 - The Hello World Tradition&lt;/center&gt;==

Alrighty, you came back. Good, let's hope you have played around with the DarkBASIC editor. Before you find out what the hello world tradition is (older programmers don't spoil it for them!), I think I should tell you something. The DarkBASIC editor is not very windows friendly, so make sure you download an IDE you like and then link it to the DarkBASIC.

'''So you know:''' an IDE is an integrated development environment. It allows programming to be easier for professionals and beginners alike. For now, don't worry what an IDE is too much, you're only beginning after all.

Okay, now then time to get to the tradition.

''Code''

&lt;pre&gt;

Print &quot;Hello World!&quot;
Print &quot;This is Dbtutor's wikibook on DarkBASIC Programming!!&quot;

&lt;/pre&gt;

''End of Code''

Copy and paste this source code into the IDE or editor (whichever) and run it. What you get is the easiest program you'll ever write in DarkBASIC. The hello world example is proud tradition of beginning programmers, so let's carry it on. Hello World Program puts the text hello world on the screen. But what are the quotation marks for? The quotation marks are used to show what you want to put on the screen. Otherwise, it would look like one big command.

'''Your Assignment:'''

Replace Hello World with any text you want

First of all, I hope you completed the assignment above.  In case you haven't, or had problems with this program I'll show you how. Okay, let's say you want to print a couple of things and you need it spaced for readability. Remember I said that print, prints the things inside the quotes? Well they're called strings, now strings are characters that you can change and manipulate. With no string to technically print, you'll just get a blank space. Now for all on one line you use a semi-colon(;). Experiment with these two methods above until you understand them. In DarkBASIC, your program already ends on its own doesn't it?

But, it's good practice if you use the command &quot;end&quot; where your program needs to quit. So after the print commands in hello world, insert the command &quot;end&quot;. Now, go to file and build EXE, save the EXE in whatever folder you want and run it. Technically it should just be a flash so quick you cannot see it. That's where you need some sort of waiting system, or input just to let you see the results. So delete the exe and open up DarkBASIC again, in our hello world before the end command insert a wait key. What a wait key does is allow the famous press of any key for the program to end, so rebuild the exe of this program and now run it. The program isn't very windows friendly is it? At the top of the program put in these commands:

''Code''

&lt;pre&gt;

Set window on
Set window layout 1,1,1
Set Window title &quot;Hello World - A Friendly Greeting From DarkBASIC&quot;
Set window position 100,200
Set window size 640,480

&lt;/pre&gt;

''End of Code ''

Now run the hello world program, see what happens? We now have a nice little window friendly environment. But hey, if you're on a different computer with different settings you'll miss some of the text, and what on earth are all those numbers for anyways? Okay the numbers are the X coordinates and the Y coordinates in case you didn't do math in school X is horizontal and Y is vertical. In case, you don't know what those words are X runs left and right or across, and Y runs up and down. So X &amp; Y are 2 axes so we have 2 dimensions, when we get to 3d expect to get dimensional for a paragraph or two. Now then for our last part of the day, let's find out how to change the position of where our text goes.

''Code''

&lt;pre&gt;

Set cursor 1,50

&lt;/pre&gt;

''End of Code''

----

Insert this piece of code above, right above the first Print statement. Our program is long now and we may also forget what some of the things above do. Welcome to comments, the Rem command lets you make notes, anything after Rem is ignored. You should always comment your code, so that others can understand it, and so you can know what you where thinking when you coded it and why you coded it the way you did. Remember, comment heavily!!

'''So you know:''' Rem is short for Remark, and if I haven't told you yet BASIC stands for Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.

Here's what your program should look like in the end, roughly:

'''Hello World Program Results'''

&lt;pre&gt;

Rem Setup the window
Set window on 
Set window layout 1,1,1
Set window title &quot;Hello World Program&quot;
Set window position 100,200
Set window size 640,480

Rem put the first line of text 50 pixels down
Set cursor 1,50
Print &quot;Hello World!&quot;
Print &quot;A friendly greeting from DarkBASIC!&quot;

Rem wait for the press of any key
Wait key
Rem then end
End

&lt;/pre&gt;

'''End of the Program'''

----

Before we go here's a quiz:

----

:'''In DarkBASIC Strings Start With a:'''
:A)#
:B)*
:C)'
:D)&quot;

:'''And they end with a:'''
:A)%
:B)^
:C)&amp;
:D)&quot;

:'''BASIC stands for:'''
:A)Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
:B)Bears Are Purposely Stealing International Cookies
:C)Beginner's Alphanumeric String Informed Code
:D)Beginning All Inserted Symbolic Intel Coding

:'''In 2d there are 2 axis which are they:'''
:A)U &amp; V
:B)X &amp; Y
:C)U &amp; V(in textures), X &amp; Y also
:D)Z &amp; U

:'''Rem can make comments for how many lines:'''
:A)1 or More
:B)1 or less
:C)Single Line
:D)Double Line

'''Okay Here Are the Answers, no cheating!'''
:1 &amp; 2 is obviously D.
:3 is A.
:4 If you said anything but Z &amp; U you should be on the right track but C is the best answer while
:B can be considered the most correct one.
:5 is C.

====Assignment====
Experiment with the IDE and the DarkBASIC window commands.
Comment the hello world program when done.
Make a program that contains only comments.
Look up IDE on wikipedia.
Look around the DarkBASIC website(http://www.thegamecreators.com).

                                == End of Lesson ==

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 3 - Fundamentals of DarkBASIC&lt;/center&gt;==

Well, we're almost at the end of your first week  
experiencing DarkBASIC programming or at least this book! Okay, 
the fundamentals are all about logic, developing programs, design, 
setting outlooks and the building blocks. This is not application 
oriented, it's more game oriented as DarkBASIC is for game programming. 
You'll find out about conditions, variables, logic and more. Remember, 
awhile ago when I brought up 0s and 1s, well a better way of looking at 
them is TRUE and FALSE. DarkBASIC is simple, so there are no boolean operators 
or are there? Let's say you declare a variable called, oh, let's say A. For 
now A = 0 until we say A = 1, there's another value called B and it's equal 
to 1. If we had C = 1 when A or B is true or if C = 1 when A and B equal true, 
but what if neither of these values are true? Then we'd have to use 
another value and our program quickly looks like this:

:if A or B = 1
:C = 1
:else
:D = 1
:endif

That's logic, that's conditions, that's the if/endif command. Now I 
didn't indent above which I should have so anytime you use if/endif I 
want you to indent for the statements used okay? If you copied / pasted 
the above snippet in DarkBASIC and compiled it, you'd get no errors but 
if you'd ran this program you'd just get nothing. Why? They're just values 
and there is really no output to the screen involved, so let's change 
this program a bit.

'''Simple Conditional Statements Program'''

&lt;pre&gt;

Rem we can also use a ` to comment quickly I will do that
Rem from now on!

`Declare some variables
a = 1
b = 0

`The conditional statement
if a or b = 1
   c = 1
else
   d = 1
endif

if c = 1 then Print &quot;Condition C is Met&quot;
if d = 1 then Print &quot;Condition D is Met&quot;
wait key
end

&lt;/pre&gt;

As you saw I used variables above, in case you didn't know variables 
are a way of storing data which can change. As you saw above if I changed 
the OR operator to a AND b = 1 then we'd have a whole new ball game on our 
hands. But let's sidetrack a little, if you wanted to remove the text on the 
screen you have to use this command &quot;cls&quot; which means clear screen. You can also change the
transparency value of cls by simply putting a value ranging from 
0 to 255 after the cls command. And I'll show you in a few lessons on how you can change the 
screen color to whatever you wish! You may be wondering about variables 
in DarkBASIC there are roughly three data types

&lt;pre&gt;
Rem Clear the Screen
cls
Rem String Data
&quot;Wikibooks rock!&quot;
&quot;My name is John Smith&quot;
&quot;Look I'm a string!&quot;
Rem the number below is a real number or a floating point decimal
35.5555
Rem the number below that is an integer number
12345
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

There you are! For, good practice at the start of all your programs 
put cls, in other languages until you clear the screen you have text on 
the screen. For example, in pascal unless you clear the screen you get the
same text leftover from your last modification. Indenting is also important 
but we'll get to that later. So why comment or indent? In team efforts or 
open source projects it makes your program more human readable, also it's 
easier to read and locate, plus you'll need to remember what's happening 
when you come back to your project later on and you might forget. Back to variables, 
you can name variables whatever you want but make sure they're not 
to long and they briefly describe what it does or used for.

Here are some variable examples

&lt;pre&gt;
string$ = &quot;Hey I'm a string and I love it!&quot;
float# = 333.445
integer = -11111
&lt;/pre&gt;

So why are there symbols in front of the variables? This shows what 
kind of variable we're dealing with, a $ is a string? A real or float 
is a #, in some languages there is no symbol in front of the values which 
can be a bit confusing. So again this makes it more human readable. So when designing software make sure it's source code is human readable! Get into good habits in programming like indenting - it'll save you and others time. 
For now, clear your mind and come back again tomorrow.

Alright it's time for some input other than press any key. Wouldn't you like 
to make your own game like Mad Libs? I'm trying to make one now in Visual C++, well in DarkBASIC you have to use the Input command. The input command needs a prompt(optional) and then a variable to store the input taken in. 
So what would this look like?

&lt;pre&gt;

Remstart
Input Example
By Dbtutor
Yes you can have groups of comments
Remend

Input &quot;Insert Name Here &quot;,name$
Print name$;&quot; is your name&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember semi-colons? Well they can also separate your string 
from a variable(even if it is another string strange eh?). You can also 
have input as just a variable input so it would look like this.

&lt;pre&gt;
Input a$
&lt;/pre&gt;

Oh yes you can use floats and integers also using input! Above where 
I use a comma you can also use a semi-colon if you prefer. Remstart means everything after it is a comment so beware, it will make everything 
a comment until you use the Remend command. What if you're database 
programming in DarkBasic(not a good practice use Visual Basic instead I advise!) and you have a hundred clients that need to be stored in variables? 
You can use the Dim command!

&lt;pre&gt;
Dim arrayname(arrayvalue,arrayvalue2(optional),arrayvalue3(optional)
arrayname(arrayvalue) = value
&lt;/pre&gt;

Let me show a more indepth example, and you can still use 
strings, integers and floats as long as you follow the 
rules(remember which symbol if any goes in front!).

A good dim statement

&lt;pre&gt;
dim list$(10)
list$(0) = &quot;Milk&quot;
list$(1) = &quot;Bread&quot;
list$(2) = &quot;Whatever&quot;
Etc...
&lt;/pre&gt;

A bad dim statement

&lt;pre&gt;
dim list$(10)
list$(1) = &quot;Whatever&quot;
list$(11) = &quot;This is a no no - you can't exceed the array declared value!&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt;

Hopefully you've been using these methods now, if not go 
review everything and put them into practice.

'''Your Assignment'''

Write a Mad Libs game

Quiz is coming up! For now write that Mad Libs game and 
take it easy for awhile.

Before we start here's a quiz! Told ya!

                                 ''Quiz #2''

'''Which of these strings of text is a correct string?'''
:A)&quot;Me&quot;
:B)#noIam#
:C)&quot;I am
:D)123456

'''The Input Command Does What?'''
:A)Accepts user input and stores it into a variable for later retrieving.
:B)Lets the user type in a string to be used later.
:C)Prints out text on the screen.
:D)None of the above.

'''It is good programming practice to?'''
:A)Not indent but comment heavily.
:B)Comment heavily.
:C)Comment when notes are needed, indent when needed, and use the cls command.
:D)Indent heavily.

'''DarkBASIC is oriented to what?'''
:A)Database Programming.
:B)Application programming.
:C)Game Programming.
:D)Web programming.

'''Why is it a good habit to make your program human readable?'''
:A)So that others can understand your program and you yourself can too.
:B)It's not.
:C)For open source projects.
:D)A + B.

'''In the case of A = 1 And B = 0, what will C equal if A or B is true?'''
:A)2
:B)0
:C)1
:D)N/A
----
'''#6 Corrected by: Cody C Oebel'''

Note: if A = 1, and B = 0,Without knowing the expression for what
C will equal if A =1, and B = 0 tell's nothing of what C should equal . 
I Corrected answer for # 6 which should be D, or N/A.
----
'''Quiz Answers Cheating Won't Help You Be a Better Programmer'''

1 is A

2 is A

3 is C

4 is C

5 is A

6 is C  note: Correct answer is D, or N/A

Edited by: Cody C Oebel
Correct answer for 6 is N/A , or D

Okay, nice job if you didn't cheat and got a good mark or else try 
again until you do so. Let's take some time now to learn about game design 
a tad. Okay, let's take Donkey Kong Country it's a great graphical game and 
it's very fun. But some say that it has bad game design, in a sense it does 
you collect things that have no real value, does nothing special for the player. Let's look at Super Mario Bros.

You collect coins to give the player an extra life and a higher score, 
you collect green mushrooms to also get a quick extra life, your main attack 
is jumping and you must avoid falling off the platforms, there is lots for 
the player to discover on their own, you finally collect big mushrooms to be stronger and if your lucky a flower to get a sort of hippy firepower. 
That's a good outlook when designing a platform game, it's alright to 
loosely base design on other successful games but don't outright 
copycat it.

Now let's look at some Apogee games, Biomenace for example is like 
mario only more matured you have a gun but the basis for a good platformer 
is there. The game is based around the new advantage for the player as your 
gun is your survival. In space invaders, you do not collect things but 
it's a classic survival game, the arcade basis is survive as long as 
possible, get the highest score, with limited resources and powerups 
to temporarily allow prolonged survival through the hard parts. Let's look 
at an RPG, for example Final Fantasy is about your character 
growing and learning, it also has focus on the story.

There are no real levels as you build your character until he's the ultimate 
in the universe and then defeat the main baddy, so really it's you the man. 
Focus on the main area of your game and build around it, I have done this for awhile and generally my games are liked. Do not make the game too hard, and if you find it fun after millions of test phases it's good. If you the 
designer feel any lukewarmness around any part of the game, change it until 
you feel happy. try to imagine what a total stranger will feel! Design is as important 
as making it work, without design how will you create a game? You have nothing 
to go on except making it up as you go. Remember, before all else is gameplay, then multimedia, then story and finally test your game and put it all together. Play games to see what makes them fun!

Now, let's look at some operators. These are things that help us use math and logic in
Dark Basic, they should be straightforward.

'''Operators'''

&lt;pre&gt;
&gt; is Greater Than
&lt; is Less Than
&gt;= is Greater than or equal to
&lt;= is Less than or equal to
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now let's apply the above to condition statements.

&lt;pre&gt;
`10 = 9 is not 1 it's 0 
`So no text will be printed
if 10 = 9 then print &quot;That'll never happen&quot;
`But 10 is greater then or equal to itself
if 10 &gt;= 10 then Print &quot;This will always happen&quot;
`10 is greater then 8 
if 10 &gt; 8 then Print &quot;10 is bigger then 8 no doubt&quot;  
Etc.
&lt;/pre&gt;

In number crunching we'll see square roots and all the math commands in DarkBASIC but for now we'll just deal with the rnd command.

Here's the Syntax:

&lt;pre&gt;
variable = rnd(value)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Unfortunately rnd runs from 0 to the set range value, I do not know 
how to change it I'm afraid but if you need help consider asking a 
question on the DarkBASIC forums: [http://www.thegamecreators.com  The Game Creators]. This link takes you to the homepage of DarkBASIC I 
have no username on the forum but did before, but since everyone was too 
eager to cut each other's throats I stopped visiting. Follow the rules to 
a tee or they'll bury you, and make sure you know what you're posting 
and expect the worst. Sorry, for scaring you but sometimes it's the truth 
I've had lots of feelings hurt and been angered at the sheer cruelness of 
the users before. Now then let's make a guessing game!!

----
Note from a reader: You can get around this problem by simply using &quot;value&quot;
as one less than the highest number you want to get to, and then adding 1,
for example, if I want to generate a random number from 1 to 6 (like a
standard 6-sided dice):

variable = rnd(5) + 1

We use the value of 5 because that is one less than 6 (the number that we want).
This will generate a number from 0 to 5, and then add one, creating a number
from 1 to 6. Hope this helps, and I would have asked before adding this, but I
didn't see your contact info anywhere.

----

&lt;pre&gt;
`Guessing Game Example
`By Dbtutor

cls

`Ask the users for their name
Input &quot;Enter your name before you play! &quot;;name$
wait key
cls

`Create a random number let's change the range a bit
value = rnd(9)
if value = 0 then value = 1
if value = 1 then value = 2
if value = 2 then value = 3
if value = 3 then value = 4
if value = 4 then value = 5
if value = 5 then value = 6
if value = 6 then value = 7
if value = 7 then value = 8
if value = 8 then value = 9
if value = 9 then value = 10

gosub guess

`Take a guess!
guess:
Input &quot;Take a guess &quot;;name$;&quot;! &quot;;guess
gosub checkguess

`Check the guess
checkguess:
if guess &gt; value
  wrong = wrong+1
  Print &quot;Sorry too high!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess &lt; value
  wrong=wrong+1
  Print &quot;Too low!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess = value then gosub win

`You won!
win:
cls
Print &quot;You rock you've won the game!&quot;
Print &quot;You were wrong &quot;;wrong;&quot; times&quot;
Print &quot;Your guess was &quot;;guess
Print &quot;Press Any Key&quot;
wait key
cls
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Wowzers! You started off programming hello world and now you've made 
a guessing game! Keep up the good work, if you're brave enough to show off 
your program at the newcomer's corner at the DarkBASIC forums. Now what 
does gosub do? Gosub stands for Go Subroutine, it's just a shorter geekier 
way of saying it. You need to have a label to jump too, and the label must be declared like so.

----
Note from another reader: I have noticed that if you write the following line
&lt;pre&gt;
value = rnd(9)
if value = 0 then value = 1
if value = 1 then value = 2
if value = 2 then value = 3
if value = 3 then value = 4
if value = 4 then value = 5
if value = 5 then value = 6
if value = 6 then value = 7
if value = 7 then value = 8
if value = 8 then value = 9
if value = 9 then value = 10
&lt;/pre&gt;
The game will choose a number, and then increase it until it reaches 10. All you have to do is to press 10 when you're asked for the number and you won. To correct the problem, write the program as this:
&lt;pre&gt;
`Guessing Game Example
`By Dbtutor
`modified by Huruba Dumitru Alin

cls

`Ask the users for their name
Input &quot;Enter your name before you play! &quot;;name$
wait key
cls

`Create a random number let's change the range a bit
value = rnd(9)
if value = 0 then value = 1

gosub guess

`Take a guess!
guess:
Input &quot;Take a guess &quot;;name$;&quot;! &quot;;guess
gosub checkguess

`Check the guess
checkguess:
if guess &gt; value
  wrong = wrong+1
  Print &quot;Sorry too high!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess &lt; value
  wrong=wrong+1
  Print &quot;Too low!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess = value then gosub win

`You won!
win:
cls
Print &quot;You rock you've won the game!&quot;
Print &quot;You were wrong &quot;;wrong;&quot; times&quot;
Print &quot;Your guess was &quot;;guess
Print &quot;Press Any Key&quot;
wait key
cls
end
&lt;/pre&gt;
Now the game will only choose a number from 1 to 9, all you have to do next is to quess it.
----
Note from another reader: I found that there is an easier way to do the correction above.
Dbtutor wanted a number one through ten and your correction only brought the number through 1 to 9.
Also because of the way you wrote this, the probability of getting a 1 is higher 
now than getting any other number. An easier way to fix this is like this...
&lt;pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
`Guessing Game Example
`By Dbtutor
`modified by Huruba Dumitru Alin

cls

`Ask the users for their name
Input &quot;Enter your name before you play! &quot;;name$
wait key
cls

`To solve the 0 being a value problem just add 1 instead 
value = rnd(9)+1
`the value down here is now no longer needed making the program less sloppier
`executes the command better now.

gosub guess

`Take a guess!
guess:
Input &quot;Take a guess &quot;;name$;&quot;! &quot;;guess
gosub checkguess

`Check the guess
checkguess:
if guess &gt; value
  wrong = wrong+1
  Print &quot;Sorry too high!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess &lt; value
  wrong=wrong+1
  Print &quot;Too low!&quot;
  wait key
  cls
  gosub guess
endif

if guess = value then gosub win

`You won!
win:
cls
Print &quot;You rock you've won the game!&quot;
Print &quot;You were wrong &quot;;wrong;&quot; times&quot;
Print &quot;Your guess was &quot;;guess
Print &quot;Press Any Key&quot;
wait key
cls
end
&lt;/pre&gt;
This is a much easier way to take 0 out of the options of random numbers
while not affecting your probability at all. In the future, if you need a 
random number then use

&lt;pre&gt;
value = rnd(x)+1 
'with x being one less than you want to go to, I hope that helped.
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
gosub mylabel

mylabel:
&lt;/pre&gt;

There you are, experiment a bit with labels to see what they can do. 
You can return to the last label you leaped to by using the return 
command.

'''Assignment'''

Show off your work at the forums(optional)!

Make the hints more precise.

Give a limited number of lives.

Okay that's a day, go take a nap or something lol! :D

I think I said the lesson would end with Day 7, I was wrong. Now let's 
learn about functions. Functions are used to make your own commands that 
are absent from DarkBASIC. They are also used to perform functions isn't 
it obvious. DarkBASIC has no object oriented programming or OOP so you can 
use functions to substitute if you are a very decent programmer. 
So how do you use a function?

----
Note from reader: DarkBASIC Professional supports OOP with user defined
types and with pointers.
----
Here's a Simple Function:

&lt;pre&gt;
hello_world(1)
wait key
end

function hello_world(1)
  Print &quot;Hello World&quot;
endfunction
&lt;/pre&gt;

First of all the brackets denote the parameter list, functions go at 
the end of your program and if your program runs into a function 
declaration beware! You can use exitfunction to exit a function easily. 
The best way to use functions is by creating a library with your own commands/procedures.
The above function, as the line number as a parameter. You can make your own, output
command using functions too.

function output(x,y,msg$)
   set cursor x,y
   print msg$
endfunction

Using this you can in a sense use Object Oriented Programming, if your a more advanced user.

Example of a Library in DarkBASIC

&lt;pre&gt;
`Basic Function Example

#include &quot;myfunctionlib.dba&quot;
x = 100
y = 10
hello_world(x,y)

`Now we have our own command!

Rem #####################################################################################

`Note the example below was not included in the above program it was in a different file named my
`functionlib.dba
`A little function library

function hello_world(x,y)
set cursor x,y
Print &quot;Hello World&quot;
endfunction
&lt;/pre&gt;

The #include command in VC++ works like so:

&lt;pre&gt;
#include &lt;iostream.h&gt;
using namespace std;
Etc.
&lt;/pre&gt;

In DarkBASIC a library works similarly but not exactly like the 
C++ example. Now you've learned what a function is and does!

Assignment:

Use functions and libraries to make a Mad Libs game.
Make your own command, like one for adding and so on.

This will probably be the last day in the life of lesson 3. We have 
been doing most of the time application and software programming. But 
soon enough we will write a game per day starting with Pong going to 
BreakOut and more. Unfortunately we won't write a Role Playing Game, for 
development of a role playing game takes months and roughly 5,000 or so
lines of code including tools we need to create.

The Design Process of Software Is Like So

&lt;pre&gt;
The Software I want to Develop Is
It's Main Purpose Is
Problems That Need to be Solved
Etc.
&lt;/pre&gt;

In fact there's a method that involves a series of pictures 
that I cannot recall and another method similar to the one above. 
I hope you learned something about DarkBASIC programming during the 
course of Lesson 3. Day 9 will continue in the next lesson...

                              == End of Lesson ==

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 4 - Number Crunching&lt;/center&gt;==

===&lt;center&gt;Day 9 Cont'd&lt;/center&gt;===

This lesson is all but one day long. When it's done, we'll move on 
to 2d don't expect mario or pong yet first thing we'll be doing is 
learning string manipulation, in about a day or so then we'll move on 
to images and whatnot. Who likes math? Not me, that's why we'll be 
getting DarkBASIC to do math for us. It'll be easier than using 
a calculator you won't even have to think about it.

Typical Math Operators

&lt;pre&gt;
+ is Increment of a value
= is equal to
- is decrement of a value
÷ is the division symbol. (ALT + 246 to create the ASCII symbol for division)

X multipying
&lt;/pre&gt;

Okay, first of all by increment I mean increasing a value by 
whatever and vice versia with decrement as you decrease values.

Typical Programming Operators

&lt;pre&gt;
+ still addition
= is equal to
- is subtraction
/ is division
* is Multiplication
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember the above like you remember Christmas or you'll have 
problems doing math in programming! I can go on with more operators 
but it's not needed in a simple language like DarkBASIC as most of 
the math is taken care of by easier commands like wrapvalue.

This example may be easy but here it is

&lt;pre&gt;
`Math Example
`By Dbtutor

a = 1+2
b = 3-7
c = 9/3
d = 10*2

Print a
Print b
Print c
Print d
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Most people have already known what was going to happen 
and what was going on.

Here's some easy stuff!

&lt;pre&gt;
`Few math examples

a = 67

hexofa$ = hex$(a) ` hex$ returns value of 'a' as a hexdecimal string.
binaryofa$ = bin$(a) ` bin$ returns value of 'a' as a binary string.

b = 3

c = sqr(b)

inc d
dec e

Print a
Print hexofa$
Print binaryofa$
Print b
Print c
Print d
Print e
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Why you'd need these above commands is beyond me, you only 
need them in rare situations, for more examples of math in 
DarkBASIC consult the DarkBASIC editor's command reference under math.
For now it's over with...

                             ==End of Lesson==

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 5 - Loops&lt;/center&gt;==

===&lt;center&gt;Day 10&lt;/center&gt;===

Trust me loops are useful, they do tedious tasks and they're easy to work with.

Take for example a lottery program

&lt;pre&gt;
Dim lottery(100)
lottery(1) = 1
lottery(2) = 2
lottery(3) = 3
lottery(4) = 4
etc...
Print Lottery(1)
Print lottery(2)
Print Lottery(3)
etc...
&lt;/pre&gt;

The above way is for squares, and people without loop knowledge.

Done with a loop
&lt;pre&gt;
`Let's image the dim command above is down here
for a = 1 to 100
     Print lottery(a)
next a
&lt;/pre&gt;
----
Note from reader: You can't print &quot;lottery(a)&quot; as it does not exist, instead write this:                                                    
                                                                
dim lottery(100)
for a = 1 to 100
print a
next a
wait key
----

Using loops remember to indent it makes the program more 
human readable for others. With loops we can finally have more 
advanced input, input without variables, well some variables. Let's 
look at some loops then.

Repeat/Until

&lt;pre&gt;
Repeat
   `what the loop does here
until conditionmet
&lt;/pre&gt;

While/Endwhile

&lt;pre&gt;
While conditionmet
   `What the loop does
endwhile
&lt;/pre&gt;

Do/Loop

&lt;pre&gt;
do
    `task here
loop
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember the only way to exit a loop is by quitting which is a no|no, 
the exit command which is the best way, or a gosub command. In some loops, 
the loop ends once a condition is met, and in others after a task is done 
it exits. If you paid attention you should know what I'm talking about. 
Day's over go eat, sleep, take a walk, whatever come back tomorrow!

===&lt;center&gt;Day 11&lt;/center&gt;===

This is the advanced input section, if we want a system key we 
can easily use commands like spacekey(), etc. Go have a look at them, 
they are the easiest to understand, find out how to disable them from being 
able to be pressed in DarkBASIC also while you are there. For other keys 
there's two ways basically scancode(value) which is different per country's keyboard, a Spanish keyboard is different then a British one, and you have to find a value! Or you can use ASCII values, which has a humorous pronunciation(it's pronounced ass key :P). Find out what ASCII stands for at Wikipedia, just type it in the search box and there you go. You can find Wikipedia at [http://www.wikipedia.org CLICK HERE TO GO TO WIKIPEDIA] in case your just curious because I forget I believe it's American Standard Character 
Something Something. We will be using the ASCII because it's the same for every computer 
and no need to use numeric values.

Example:

&lt;pre&gt;
`Loops are needed for input BTW
do
   if inkey$() = &quot;charhere&quot; then exit
loop
&lt;/pre&gt;

Here's a key example

&lt;pre&gt;
do
  if inkey$() = &quot;a&quot; then print &quot;Lowercase A&quot;
  if inkey$() = &quot;A&quot; then Print &quot;Uppercase A&quot;
loop
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember A is different from a when using inkey$(). Now the lesson's 
over with, for an assignment find out what ASCII stands for and experiment
with the inkey$().

                              == End of Lesson ==

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 6 - File Control &amp; Data&lt;/center&gt;==

===&lt;center&gt;Day 12&lt;/center&gt;===

Day 12 already, you're progressing towards a great career in programming 
DarkBASIC and programming in general! Lots of people have trouble writing 
files in DarkBASIC, and some have problems with Data types and more. This 
lesson will take a lot of time to cover, I'm going to say 5 days for you and 
about 2 weeks for me to write them. Hopefully, I'll get them done before but 
if not well you just have to wait for me or another to contribute. Today, 
we'll learn how to save a file.

Take for example this scenario

&lt;pre&gt;
text$ = &quot;Hey guess what open me up in notepad and see what happens!&quot;
set dir &quot;C:/&quot;
if file exist(&quot;openmeupfast.txt&quot;) = 1  
   delete file &quot;openmeupfast.txt&quot;
endif
open to write 1,&quot;openmeupfast.txt&quot;
write string 1,text$
close file 1
open to read 1,&quot;openmeupfast.txt&quot;
read string 1,newtext$
Print newtext$
close file 1
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

What a mouth full! In machine language it takes several thousand lines 
to do this same exact thing crazy or what! As you found out, the code 
above creates a string variable, moves the directory we'll be working in 
to c drive, if the file exist deletes it(or else we cannot overwrite it as 
it already exists), writes the file, closes it, opens it to read the contents, uses a new string to contain the line of text, then Prints it and finally you have to press any key before it ends. Now that's great! But remember 
the extension? You can change it to create your own files. You can also write 
various things such as: bytes, characters, and so on. To see more of what 
you can write view the command reference under the DarkBASIC help file. We'll just be using string for now and later byte.

This example will generate a syntax error and I'll tell you why now

&lt;pre&gt;
a = 1
delete file &quot;wrong.txt&quot;
open to write 1,&quot;wrong.txt&quot;
write string 1,a
&lt;/pre&gt;

Remember numbers are not strings, to make a number a string we can do the following:

&lt;pre&gt;
a = 1
a$ = str$(a)
b = val(a$)
&lt;/pre&gt;

The command str$ changes a number into a value, and the command val 
changes a string into a value. There are many other odd things you can 
do with strings as well which you can see under the DarkBASIC help file 
command reference of strings. See some examples and change them around a bit.

Here's a useless kinda piece of software for strings

&lt;pre&gt;
`Crazy Strings
`By Dbtutor

cls
message$ = &quot;Hello World!&quot;
Print &quot;ASC() returns the ASCII number of the first letter in the str&quot;
Print asc(message$)
Print &quot;Len counts how many characters in a string&quot;
Print len(message$)
Print &quot;Mid gets the middle write characters of a string&quot;
midval = 3
Print mid$(message$,midval)
Print &quot;Here's the binary of the number 678&quot;
Print bin$(678)
Print &quot;Here's the hex of that number&quot;
Print hex$(678)
Print &quot;There are many more ways of destroying strings&quot;
Print &quot;Much are useless, but take a gander at them&quot;
wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

As you saw above manuiplating strings is easy but pretty much useless. 
In some situations they are useful like a file manager tool which 
we'll be making very soon along with some other file stuff. In the 2d 
tutorial's final part we'll use files to make a very simple tool 
very much like ZZT or MegaZeux. There's lots to cover so bear with me! 
On day 13 we'll be learning more ways of writing files, remember byte? 
Well you can use it to write a value to a file. I used txt has my 
extension, try using .dat, .ini, etc. You can even make one up! Using write, 
you can also write word or an integer value, a long or long integer value, 
and even a float. Why I don't know.

Good Example of Writing A File:

&lt;pre&gt;
a = 1
b$ = str$(a)
if file exist(&quot;a&quot;) = 1 then delete file &quot;a&quot;
open to write &quot;a&quot;,1
write string 1,b$
close file 1
if file exist(&quot;a&quot;) = 1 then readit = 1
if readit = 1
   open to read 1,&quot;a&quot;
   read string 1,c$
   d = val(c$)
   Print d
   Print &quot;Same thing! Use val and str! Their better!&quot;
   wait key
   end
endif
&lt;/pre&gt;

'''Note: from Cody Oebel'''

the above code fails to work properly, and will not compile and run.

I found the If file exist(&quot;a&quot;) = 1 ...  the = 1 is ambiguous, and is not needed.

below is my version of this code snippet

&lt;pre&gt;
`Edit by Cody C Oebel:
 
 g = 11
 set dir &quot;c:/&quot;
 b$ = str$(g)
 if file exist(&quot;a.txt&quot;) then delete file &quot;a.txt&quot;
 open to write 1, &quot;a.txt&quot;
 write string 1, b$
 close file 1
 if file exist (&quot;a.txt&quot;)
 open to read 1, &quot;a.txt&quot;
 read string 1, z$
 d = val(z$)
 print d
 print &quot;This should work now, and is smaller amount of code&quot;
 wait key
 endif
 end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now, see what I mean? Later we'll be using current directories and 
file branching statements to make a simple file browser. Very simple! 
Write byte is sometimes used for example in tilemappers and so on but the 
standard is write string because it's simple. Remember keep it 
simple stupid!

Let's write an array
&lt;pre&gt;
dim a$(10)
a$(1) = &quot;jsdakjlakljldsaf&quot;
a$(2) = &quot;ashjajasjhsjks&quot;

save array a$(10),&quot;array.ini&quot;

load array a$(10),&quot;array.ini&quot;

for a = 1 to 10
  Print a$(a)
next a

wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;
'''NOTE: Again this code above did not work: By Cody Oebel'''

Here is my working version for other readers to see the minor mistakes.

Also note at the bottom of the compiler it shows you the format

for save array, and load array e.g. Filename, array.

I also added the variable stringname filename$ to contain &quot;array.ini&quot;

&lt;pre&gt;
dim a$(10)
filename$ = &quot;array.ini&quot;
a$(1) = &quot;jsdakjlakljldsaf&quot;
a$(2) = &quot;ashjajasjhsjks&quot;
set dir &quot;c:/&quot;
save array filename$, a$(10)

load array filename$, a$(10)

for a = 1 to 10
  Print a$(a)
next a

wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now we can save big ole arrays, database programming anyone? 
Remember our guessing game? Go back and fix it up a bit so that you 
can include this newly learned code in it. You've learned a lot about 
files so far. Perpare for directories on Day 13!

===&lt;center&gt;Day 13&lt;/center&gt;===

Day 13 arrived and we're only two days away from the half way point. 
That's great news, as soon as you can be a master programmer in 
DarkBASIC the better! Well, really DarkBASIC takes awhile to master, not 
to scare you but I'm not a master programmer either. If you know somebody with 
a good game it's usually not that they're the best programmer but 
just a great game maker. Some DarkBASIC users have gone on to make 
commercial games such as: Dumbo &amp; Cool, Star Wraith, etc. DarkBASIC 
is great for games and team efforts. Not so for applications as you'll 
find out today.

Here's a simple file manager

&lt;pre&gt;
Input &quot;Set directory to: &quot;;direct$
set dir direct$
&lt;/pre&gt;

You don't get to see files do you? We can easily view files and 
whatever using some simple commands. Remember some are tedious, but 
when in use with loops! Now this is a file manager, you change dirs, 
view files, and whatnot, it's not a professional tool, it's showing you 
the ropes. But before we do it's time to have a look at a better 
file manager.

&lt;pre&gt;
`Simple File Manager
`By Dbtutor

`Get the directory to use
setdirect$ = get dir$()

`Set the directory to the current directory
set dir setdirect$

`Current amount of items
items = 10

find first
Print get file name$(1)

for a = 2 to items
  find next
  Print get file name$(a)
next a

Wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Wow, that's cool and all but there's no user input and no file 
manipulation dus this program is file system viewer. Just like 
windows explorer! Really nowadays writing a file manager is pretty 
much useless especially if it's ugly. But file managers in your program 
in DarkBASIC allows better productivity then in typing in the file 
name or directory and whatnot. We're not going back to the DOS days 
God forbid type in a command and hope it works! Remember I said tedious? 
Well there is a much better way to write the following program above. Don't 
worry we'll be writing a file manager later! Before I show you a more 
productive way.

Follow these instructions:

&lt;pre&gt;
Go to http://www.computechtenerife.com/
Register as a user.
Click on Dark Basic Support and then Downloads
Scroll down and find the function libraries
Click on the Db file selector
Download and extract the files for usage later
&lt;/pre&gt;

Okay now that's done we can see a better way of doing things in 
the file system viewer world. We're only a few blocks away from 
the file manager.

&lt;pre&gt;
`Simple File Viewer
`By Dbtutor

set dir &quot;C:\&quot;

Perform checklist for files
for a = 1 to checklist quantity()
  Print checklist string$(a)
next a

Wait key
end
&lt;/pre&gt;

See how many lines less we have? There is other perform checklist for 
things such as directories and devices. Go have a look and change 
perform checklist for files command with a few of them.

Now remember that file manager library you downloaded, if you 
haven't guessed we'll be modding some of the code inside the include 
file(not the function library) to make our own modded file manager. Remember 
the library is copyright to a DarkBASIC user known as TDK_MAN one of the 
best DarkBASIC programmers out there besides you(just flattering) I'm sure 
you could beat him at his game after 30 years. Just kidding if your reading 
this TDK no offense. He's made lots of DarkBASIC programs including MatEdit 
which we'll be using later on in the 3d chapters along with a 3d modeller and whatnot.

Here's the Source Code

&lt;pre&gt;
`Thanks TDK For the Library Off your Site!
Rem Fileselector Function Demo - Copyright TDK_Man May 2003
Rem Modded Version By Dbtutor
gosub filemanager
filemanager:
#Include &quot;FileSelect.dba&quot;

Set Display Mode 800,600,16
Cls
Sync On

Rem Required DIM Statements At The Beginning Of Your Program
Dim Files$(1000,2): Dim Drv$(26): Dim Temp$(1000,2): Dim GotDrives(1)
Dim Path$(1): Dim Filename$(1): Dim SliderHeight(1): Dim FileOffset(1)

Title$=&quot;Load File&quot;: Rem Text to appear at top of fileselector
Filter$=&quot;*.*&quot;: Rem 3 char filter extension (Eg: 'TXT') or *.* for all files
CurDir$=&quot;C:\Program Files\Dark Basic Software&quot;: Rem Starting Directory

Rem Function Call
Selected=Fileselect(CurDir$,Title$,Filter$)
Rem On return Selected=1 if OK clicked and 0 if Cancel clicked

CLS
If Selected=1: Rem OK Was Clicked
  Print &quot;Selected Filename: &quot;;Filename$(0)
  Print &quot;Selected Path: &quot;;Path$(0)
  `Modded Code here
  Print &quot;Press Any Key to Manage File&quot;
  wait key
  myfile$ = filename$(0)
  mydir$ = path$(0)
  gosub managefile
Else: Rem Cancel Was Clicked
  Print &quot;Cancel Button Chosen&quot;
Endif

`All Original Code Below
`By Dbtutor
managefile:
set dir mydir$
getext$ = left$(myfile$,4)
if getext$ = &quot;.bmp&quot; or &quot;.jpg&quot; then gosub view_bmp
if getext$ = &quot;.mid&quot; or &quot;.wav&quot; then gosub view_audio

view_bmp:
Load image myfile$,1
paste image 1,1,1
set cursor 1,400
wait key
cls
gosub filemanager

view_audio:
load music myfile$,1
play music 1
wait key
cls
gosub filemanager
&lt;/pre&gt;

There you are a easy file manager thanks to other peoples function 
libraries! You can find lots on TDK's site(http://www.matedit.com/db.htm). 
Along with tutorials for functions and more. That's all for Day 13, there 
was no quiz for awhile so expect a lot of quizzes later on. I couldn't 
find anything worth quizzing you on. There will be lotsa data going on 
in Day 14.

===&lt;center&gt;Day 14&lt;/center&gt;===

We already know what variables are, but you haven't used data 
statements yet. Data statements work very easily, you just put 
data, space and then put all the types of data.

Examples of Data

&lt;pre&gt;
data &quot;strings&quot;,12,5.6,&quot;and integers and floats tooooooooooooooooo!!!!!!!&quot;
data 12
data &quot;string me&quot;
data 5.50
&lt;/pre&gt;

You can have lots of data types in one statement as long as you 
separate them with commas. That's useful but how can we read the data? 
Well we can use read.

&lt;pre&gt;
`Read Example
data 4
read var1
Print var1
&lt;/pre&gt;

You can use restore to reset the data pointer you'll see what I'm 
talking about later. It's good practice to use different labels to 
store different data.

&lt;pre&gt;
`Big Data Example
gosub datastored

datastored:
data 1234
data 12
data 1
data 4
data 56 
gosub readdata

readdata:
read var1
read var2
read var3
read var4
read var5

print var1
Print var2
Print var3
print var4
Print var5
&lt;/pre&gt;

First it stores data then reads it, you can do this backwards 
if you want. Whichever way you read and store data it works. Now we're
into games, no explaining(well some) just pure games programming. 
We'll program a game a day woohoo let's go now!

                      ==End of Lesson==

----

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 7 - 2D Game Programming Pt 1&lt;/center&gt;==
===&lt;center&gt;Day 15&lt;/center&gt;===

The half way point, finally after all that coding and reading and days. 
This chapter we'll be making a text adventure using more text commands 
you'll now learn. Plus you'll learn how to clear the screen in various 
colors, and oh boy you're gonna enjoy this lesson.

You probably thought, my God does the text always have to be white!

&lt;pre&gt;
`NOPE
ink rgb(0,255,0),1
Print &quot;OMG FINALLY COLOR!&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt;

There you are! I'm a Canadian but I still spell color as color instead 
of colour. What's the RGB for? It stands for Red, Green, Blue, look 
at your monitor with a lens you'll see lots of those pixels in those 
colors. The rgb must be separated by brackets and then a comma for the transparentcy value. The transparentcy ranges from 0 to 255. RGB values 
range from 0 to 255 also.

Here's Some Colors to Remember

&lt;pre&gt;
255,0,0 - red
0,255,0 - green
255,255,0 - yellow
0,0,255 - blue
0,255,255 - cyan
255,255,255 - white
0,0,0 - black
255,0,255 - pink
192,192,192 - light grey
&lt;/pre&gt;

To see more have a look in paint, view the rgbs values and fool 
around that's the way I found out, so you should find out too. Using 
these above values you should be able to make nice colors. The lower the 
value the darker, the higher the lighter.

Now after that you want a better way to Print right?

&lt;pre&gt;
text x,y,string$
&lt;/pre&gt;

When using text, you need to use + instead of a semi-colon to 
separate variables. All values must be a string, remember to convert a
value to a string use the str$ command as seen in Lesson 6.

The Right Way

&lt;pre&gt;
a = 1
text 1,100,&quot;This is no syntax error &quot;+str$(a)
&lt;/pre&gt;

The Wrong Way

&lt;pre&gt;
a = 1
text 1,100,&quot;This is a syntax error you won't see this text until you fix &quot;+a
&lt;/pre&gt;

We can change the font easily

&lt;pre&gt;
set text font fontnameasstring$
&lt;/pre&gt;

We can make our text opaque easily too or allow us to write over
other text values

&lt;pre&gt;
set text opaque
&lt;/pre&gt;

Here's style changes

&lt;pre&gt;
set text bold
set text italic
set text bolditalic
&lt;/pre&gt;

Here's how to change the size

&lt;pre&gt;
set text size integernumber
&lt;/pre&gt;

Okay here's all those in a program

&lt;pre&gt;
set text font &quot;Times New Roman&quot;
set text size 30
set text bold
text 1,100,&quot;Hey&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt;

You assignment is to fool around with text values and 
colors, come back tomorrow

===&lt;center&gt;Day 16&lt;/center&gt;===

Okay, now we've learned lots about changing text values it's 
time to write your own text adventure. We'll call it 
&quot;Dungeons of Doom&quot;, it'll have the player to escape the 
dank dungeons of a castle using numerous data commands 
and whatnot.

First let's do an outline:

[[Image:outline6ql.th.jpg]]

Now we have an outline let's write a simple story:

Evil Elves have captured you in their prison, now you must escape 
the Dungeon of Doom. Beware some turns lead to doom, others lead 
to a way out.

There is only two ways to die in our game, since it's more like 
a maze anyways.

Now Let's Do Some Data For It:

&lt;pre&gt;
`Dungeons of Doom
`By Dbtutor

`Room
dim room1$(10)
dim room2$(10)
dim room3$(10)
dim room4$(10)
dim room5$(10)
dim room6$(10)
dim room7$(10)
dim room8$(10)
dim room9$(10)
dim room10$(10)
dim room11$(10)
dim room12$(10)

rem -----------------
gosub startgame

startgame:
cls
gosub start
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room1$(a)
next a

do
   if inkey$() = &quot;l&quot; then gosub room1_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;r&quot; then gosub room2_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;u&quot; then gosub room3_b
loop

room1_b:
cls
gosub room1
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room2$(a)
next a
wait key
end

room2_b:
cls
gosub room2
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room3$(a)
next a
wait key
end

room3_b:
cls
gosub room3
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room4$(a)
next a

do
   if inkey$() = &quot;l&quot; then gosub room4_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;r&quot; then gosub room5_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;d&quot; then gosub startgame
   if inkey$() = &quot;u&quot; then gosub room6_b
loop

room4_b:
cls
gosub room4
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room5$(a)
next a
wait key
end

room5_b:
cls
gosub room5
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room6$(a)
next a

do
   if inkey$() = &quot;b&quot; then gosub room3_b
loop

room6_b:
cls
gosub room6
for a = 1 to 10
   Print room7$(a)
next a

do
   if inkey$() = &quot;l&quot; then gosub room7_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;r&quot; then gosub room8_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;d&quot; then gosub room3_b
   if inkey$() = &quot;u&quot; then gosub wingame
loop

room7_b:
cls
gosub room7
for a = 1 to 10
   print room8$(a)
next a
do
   if inkey$() = &quot;b&quot; then gosub room6_b
loop

room8_b:
cls
gosub room8
for a = 1 to 10
   print room9$(a)
next a

do
   if inkey$() = &quot;b&quot; then gosub room6_b
loop

wingame:
cls
gosub win
for a = 1 to 10
   print room10$(a)
next a
wait key
end

`Data Statements
start:
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Starting Area&quot;
data &quot;The cell door swings open, the guard lies dead in a pool of blood&quot;
data &quot;A large gash does through his neck, clutching your dagger you&quot;
data &quot;Have a decision to make.&quot;
Data &quot;You can Go - L&gt;eft, R&gt;ight, or U&gt;p&quot;

for a = 1 to 5
   read room1$(a)
next a

return

room1:
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 1&quot;
data &quot;You look around the corner and leap out at a guard&quot;
data &quot;Sticking a sharp spear in the air your gored by it&quot;
data &quot;Through the heart you die instantly and never escape&quot;
data &quot;The Dungeons of Doom.....&quot;
data &quot;Press Any Key&quot;

for a = 1 to 6
   read room2$(a)
next a

return

room2:
`Right of start
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 2&quot;
data &quot;As you reach the room, you notice the walls close in!&quot;
data &quot;You are squished between the walls&quot;
data &quot;The End - Press Any Key&quot;
for a = 1 to 4
   read room3$(a)
next a

return

room3:
`North of the start point
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 3&quot;
data &quot;This room is a room that leads all ways...&quot;
data &quot;U&gt;p, L&gt;eft, R&gt;ight or D&gt;own&quot;
for a = 1 to 3
   read room4$(a)
next a

return

room4:
`Left of Up one from start point
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 4&quot;
data &quot;You run into a monstrous troll, who proceeds to bash you&quot;
data &quot;Over the head with a club, waking up inside a pie&quot;
data &quot;You are instantly eaten by a horde of trolls&quot;
data &quot;The End - Press Any Key&quot;

for a = 1 to 5
   read room5$(a)
next a

return

room5:
`Right of the room4
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 5&quot;
data &quot;You run into a dead end, you must go out the way you came&quot;
data &quot;B&gt;ack&quot;

for a = 1 to 3
   read room6$(a)
next a

return

room6:
`North of Room
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 6&quot;
data &quot;This room is a dank one, to the north you feel cold air a way out?&quot;
data &quot;U&gt;p, L&gt;eft, R&gt;ight, or D&gt;own&quot;

for a = 1 to 3
   read room7$(a)
next a

return

room7:
`Left of the room 6
data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 7&quot;
data &quot;Dead End Go Back&quot;
data &quot;B&gt;ack&quot;

for a = 1 to 3
   read room8$(a)
next a

return

room8:
`Right of Room 6
Data &quot;Dungeons of Doom - Room 8&quot;
data &quot;Dead End Go Back&quot;
data &quot;B&gt;ack&quot;
for a = 1 to 3
   read room9$(a)
next a

return

win:
Data &quot;You Won&quot;
Data &quot;Escaping to the Forest, now you need to find a town!&quot;
data &quot;Press Any Key&quot;

for a = 1 to 3
   read room10$(a)
next a

return

&lt;/pre&gt;

This game is complete, all things should work if not feel 
free to email me at: thenerd2468@hotmail.com

Now then your assignment to show you know what's going on is to go 
back and add in comments describing what's happening in each. The final 
part in your assignment is to edit all the code and data statements to 
make a sequel, add rooms, and more. No this game is not a text role 
playing game, we'll make a text role playing game in the next lesson. I 
think tomorrow your gonna have a break-out of game programming.

===&lt;center&gt;Day 17&lt;/center&gt;===

Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy! We're going to make a Pong game today, a BreakOut 
game today, and your going to learn about images, sprites and more! Okay, 
so how can we load multimedia in DarkBASIC? Remember in the file manager 
program we had some confusing formats of files in there. One thing I 
didn't add was animations unfortunately.

Multimedia Example:

&lt;pre&gt;
`Image
`Supports bmps and jpgs only
id = 1
string$ = &quot;myimage.bmp&quot;
load image string$,id
x = 1
y = 1
paste image id,x,y

`Music
`Sound works the same way, only instead the word music is replaced with the word `sound
`Supports are: wav, mp3, and midi
musid = 1
musstring$ = &quot;mymusic.mid&quot;
load music musstring$,musid
play music musid
stop music musid
loop music musid

`Animation
`Supports gif, avi, may support other formats
animid = 1
animstring$ = &quot;myanimation.gif&quot;
load animation animstring$,animid
play animation animid

`Bitmap
`Works same as image only supports bitmaps, you can load only 32
bmpid = 1
bmp$ = &quot;mybmp.bmp&quot;
load bitmap bmp$
`This pastes the bitmap, but the id can be used to create bitmaps at certain `locations 
`see bmps under the command reference for those details

end
&lt;/pre&gt;

Go look at some more examples of multimedia in DarkBASIC, some more 
are 3dsound, and you can play music off your cd too. We'll be using 
some more examples of multimedia in DarkBASIC in later chapters for 
now we'll be focusing on the said above in the example.

Your main question may be what is a sprite? A sprite is a 
2d character that is used in games. Basically a sprite is a 
image that does more, in DarkBASIC sprites are the lifeblood 
of the system.

Sprite Works Like

&lt;pre&gt;
sprite spriteid,x,y,imageid
&lt;/pre&gt;

You cannot use load bitmap and use that as an image for your sprite, 
you can only use images loaded by the load image command.

Before you did not manipulate the x,y cords of a image in DarkBASIC 
well that's about to change. Before we start, if we leave the computer 
to take care of our game's framerate then our game will run slow and 
differently on different paced computers. Use sync on, to turn the 
framerate over too you and away from the computer. Every time the 
sync command is used the screen is updated constantly. Use 
the sync rate command, to set the rate the frame refreshes, 
mostly 30 is good for 3d games in DarkBASIC, and 40 for 2d games 
is also good too, but use 30 to make sure. There are a 
few commands in darkbasic that draws crude graphics, the commands 
we'll use are: line(line startingx,toendingx,startingly,toendingy), 
circle(x,y,radius), and dot(dot x,y). They draw these graphics in 
the default ink, if the ink is not set it'll use cyan as a default. 
There are more commands that draw different basic 2d shapes, but 
we won't be using them. If your curious go check them out 
under BASIC2d under the DarkBASIC command reference.

Here's an example of you being able to move a circle
&lt;pre&gt;
`Moving Circle
`By Dbtutor

`Hide the mouse
hide mouse

`Setup sync rate
sync on
sync rate 30

`Make the screen grey
cls rgb(192,192,192)

`Select an ink color for us, make it all transparent
ink rgb(0,155,0),0

`Draw the circle at cordinates provided
xpos = 100
ypos = 200
circle xpos,ypos,10

`Start the main loop
do
   `Clean up mess left over, and re-draw circle
   cls rgb(192,192,192)
   circle xpos,ypos,10

   `User control
   if upkey() = 1 then ypos = ypos - 7
   if downkey() = 1 then ypos = ypos + 7
   if rightkey() = 1 then xpos = xpos + 7
   if leftkey() = 1 then xpos = xpos - 7
   `Allow no leaving the screen
   if xpos &gt; 600 then xpos = xpos - 7
   if xpos &lt; 1 then xpos = xpos + 7
   if ypos &gt; 400 then ypos = ypos - 7
   if ypos &lt; 1 then ypos = ypos + 7
   `Refresh the screen
   sync
loop
   
&lt;/pre&gt;

Wow that worked out great eh? Let's get some sleep for now.

===&lt;center&gt;Day 18&lt;/center&gt;===

Before we start I'd just like to thank everybody for visiting 
this wikibook, taking time to read it and for knowing when I google 
&quot;DarkBASIC Programming&quot; I see my book on the first page. That's a great 
feeling! I hope you learn something, I'll try and get this book done very 
soon but I've been very busy with learning new things and my schoolwork. 
I've been learning Assembly, C++, Pascal, &amp; Visual Basic I'm also 
considering buying a console building kit &quot;The XGameStation&quot; by 
Mr Lamothe or as you may know him Andre' Lamothe or Lord Necron. 
He's one my biggest inspirations for programming besides 
Lee Bamber(the visionary behind DarkBASIC). Okay let's start with the 
pong game, I must say it's been a challenge writing this pong game, 
I've had lots of bugs with it. You must use your own images, 
only the source code is included.

'''Understanding the Material'''
Before I go ahead with the Pong game there is some things that I 
must, nay, need to explain to you. First, of all you need to 
understand what a &quot;sprite&quot; is, yes I know I mentioned it but not has 
in depth as I need to now, again that was just a basic example. Basically, 
put a sprite is nothing but an active image that allows more manipulation
then standard bitmaps. In our terms, speaking a sprite is in most cases 
nothing but a 2d character. We can do more with sprites in DarkBASIC 
then we can simply using just plain images.

You already know how to setup a sprite. But you do not know how to 
delete sprites, how to detect collision with sprites, and have not used 
them very much yet. The syntax of deleting a sprite is simple: delete 
sprite spriteid. The sprite obviously must exist if not you'll get a 
runtime error stating that the &quot;bob&quot; or sprite does not exist. The same 
works for collisions with sprites: the precise and best way is by using 
this command sprite collision(spriteid1,spriteid2). Again they must exist 
has I stated, and you must have two, again I'm stating the obvious but 
there are pretty dumb people out there.

The other way works the same thing except it's not has precise and 
goes like this: sprite hit(spriteid1,spriteid2). Easy! What may not be 
so easy after reading the code below is what the random numbers are for. 
These random numbers simply put are so that the computer generates a 
number from 0 to 1 in which direction the ball should go. They are for 
both X axis and Y axis and you should know what those are already.

The Pong Game -

if you don't understand 
the material review 
previous lessons
or consult the DarkBASIC help files.

&lt;pre&gt;
`Pong example code
`By Dbtutor
`You must use your own multimedia!

sync on
sync rate 40
hide mouse

`Load the images
load image &quot;paddle1.bmp&quot;,1
load image &quot;paddle2.bmp&quot;,2
load image &quot;ball.bmp&quot;,3

` Load the music
load music &quot;Dodge This.mid&quot;,1

` Load the sound
load sound &quot;thump.wav&quot;,1

` Play the music 
play music 1

` Start the main game loop
` Setup some variables first
oneypos = 1
onexpos = 1
twoypos = 1
twoxpos = 620
bally = 150
ballx = 150
movey = rnd(1)
movex = rnd(1)
onegoal = 0
twogoal = 0

do

 `Display Scores &amp; Whatnot
 set text opaque
 text 1,1,&quot;Goals: &quot;+str$(onegoal)
 text 585,1,&quot;Goals: &quot;+str$(twogoal)

 `Player Control for 1
 if upkey() = 1 then oneypos = oneypos - 7
 if downkey() = 1 then oneypos = oneypos + 7
 if oneypos &lt; 1 then oneypos = oneypos + 7
 if oneypos &gt; 432 then oneypos = oneypos - 7

 `The paddle sprite
 sprite 1,onexpos,oneypos,1

 `Player 2 Paddle
 if inkey$() = &quot;w&quot; then twoypos = twoypos - 7
 if inkey$() = &quot;s&quot; then twoypos = twoypos + 7
 sprite 2,twoxpos,twoypos,2
 if twoypos &lt; 1 then twoypos = twoypos + 7
 if twoypos &gt; 432 then twoypos = twoypos - 7

 `The Ball
 if movey = 1 then bally = bally + 5
 if movey = 0 then bally = bally - 5
 if movex = 1 then ballx = ballx + 5
 if movex = 0 then ballx = ballx - 5
 sprite 3,ballx,bally,3

 `Collision Detection
 if sprite hit(1,3) = 1 then movex = 1:play sound 1
 if sprite hit(2,3) = 1 then movex = 0:play sound 1
 if ballx &lt; 1 then movex = 1:twogoal = twogoal + 1:play sound 1
 if ballx &gt; 620 then movex = 0:onegoal = onegoal + 1:play sound 1
 if bally &lt; 1 then movey = 1:play sound 1
 if bally &gt; 432 then movey = 0:play sound 1

 `Wins
 if onegoal = 10
 text 100,150,&quot;Player 1 Has Won!&quot;
 wait 300
 end
 endif

 if twogoal = 10
 text 100,150,&quot;Player 2 Has Won!&quot;
 wait 300
 end
 endif

 `Refresh the screen
 sync

loop
&lt;/pre&gt;

Okay there you are Pong in all it's glory. Now it's time for a prolonged Quiz.

== Quiz ==

'''1''' In Game Design What Is A 2d Character Called?
:A) Mario
:B) Chara
:C) Clip Art
:D) Sprite

'''2''' True or False: 30 is a good sync rate for games on any computer
:T)rue
:F)alse

'''3''' Which is the best way to manually setup framerate in a computer game
:A)Set the sync on, set it to an average rate such as 30, &amp; use sync to refresh when need
:B)Let the computer handle it all
:C)Set the sync rate to 0
:D)Simply turn on sync

'''4''' You can declare data statements how?
:A)Data datatype
:B)dat datatype
:C)godarkbasic data datatype
:D)data.db datatype

'''5''' What kinds of data does data statements hold?
:A)Strings Only
:B)Arrays
:C)Strings, Integers, &amp; Reals(floating point decimals or floats)
:D)Integers

'''6''' In our text adventure you had to escape:
:A)Castles
:B)Prison
:C)Forest
:D)A Dungeon

Okay now, for the answers, if you cheat your on your own after
you have this book completed so don't be a wimp and take the
coward's way out.

Answers:
#1 - Sprite
#2 - True
#3 - A
#4 - A
#5 - C
#6 - D

Finally we need to end this long hard-coding day, for another awaits with many new coding prosperties.

==&lt;center&gt;End of Lesson&lt;/center&gt;==

==&lt;center&gt;Lesson 8 - 2d Game Programming Pt 2&lt;/center&gt;==

===&lt;center&gt;Day 19&lt;/center&gt;===

 Okay, so we've made Pong the next step is to make a Break-Out game. Just giving you,
the source code of the game would prove you didn't code the pong game by yourself.
So what I'm going to do is let you program your own break-out game, and I will give some
guided examples. After this quick break-out game exercise I will be discussing multimedia!

Collisions

''if sprite collision(paddle,ball) = 1 then bouncball = 1''

Possible Solutions to Make the Ball Bounce :S

-Setup a variable called ballmovex, set it's value to random 1 or 0.
-if the ball strikes 0 make it move left, and in the case of 1 right
-do the same thing with a variable called ballmovey, except in this
-case moving up or down.

Possible Solutions of Setting Up Blocks

-Setup an array which holds the x positions of your bricks, and the 
y positions of your bricks. Then one for if the brick has been struck,
so if the brick has been struck it will equal 1 or true and then have
conditional statements(if and thens) for the action to break the brick.

''if if sprite collision(paddle,brickhit(bricknum)) = 1 then destroybrick = 1''

if destroybrick = 1

  brickx(bricknum) = -1
  bricky(bricknum) = -1

endif

Something to Remember:
   Remember you need a do loop to accept advanced input such as inkey$(), returnkey(), etc.

I've given lots of suggestions as to how to complete the Break-Out game, hopefully this 
will go down nice and easy without heartburn. If you have a case of &quot;what thes&quot; then 
I suggest you visit the codebase on the official DarkBASIC home page: http://www.thegamecreators.com, it has everything a DarkBASIC coder shall need.

 '''Multimedia In DarkBASIC - Audio'''
Not many people can say that they hate music, in fact most people love hearing ambient
music in games, I know I do! Above, I used some strange commands, play sound, play music,
load music, play music. Well, DarkBASIC has three audio supports, MP3, Wave, and Midi.
Loading music is very simple, and sound works the same way. So I'm going to give you a
code example, you bring the sounds, I'll bring the code!

'''Code Example for Audio:'''
 Rem Audio Example
 `Load audio
 load sound &quot;mysound.wav&quot;,1
 load music &quot;mymusic.mid&quot;,1
 `Play audio once
 play sound 1
 `Loop music
 loop music 1
 `wait key
 wait key
 stop music 1
 loop sound 1

So what are the numbers at the end? Remember in images, well this number is a numeric ID 
given. Remember the location of your audio, and extension!

 '''Multimedia in DarkBASIC - Animations'''
This will probably be the last multimedia entry, unless someone does one on dlls, 
I won't be, since I have an older version of DarkBASIC.

Animations at this point in time do not include those such as mario walking, however
they do include those such as animated GIFs(Graphic Interchange Format), and
AVIs(Audio Video Interleave). So far I believe there are two formats for
animation .gif, and .avi please tell me so if otherwise. Animations can
be useful for game over screens and maybe even some Mortal Kombat style
finishers!!

'''Code Sample'''
 load animation &quot;animation1.avi&quot;,1
 play animation 1
 wait key
 stop animation 1
 load animation &quot;animation2.gif&quot;,2
 play animation 2
 loop animation 2

'''-PLEASE HELP FINISH THIS BOOK, CONTRIBUTE IN ANY WAY POSSIBLE PLEASE!-'''

________________________________________________________________

This is about 2D Games.  This Wiki helped me become the programmer I am today.  No, I am not DBTutor, but I will contribute.  I am IRON 
PROGRAMMER!!  Talk to me on the DarkBASIC Forums if you have a question.

I challenge YOU to create a 2D Melee Game.  These are simple.  Here is an example:
&lt;pre&gt;
''cls rgb(150,150,150)

load image &quot;Sumostein.bmp&quot;, 1
sprite 1, sprite1xpos, sprite1ypos, 1

sprite1xpos = 300
sprite1ypos = 300

load image &quot;Sumocula.bmp&quot;, 2
sprite 2, sprite2xpos, sprite2ypos, 2

load image &quot;Sumocula Punch.bmp&quot;, 3
sprite 3, sprite2xpos, sprite2ypos, 3
hide sprite 3

load image &quot;Sumostein Punch.bmp&quot;, 4
sprite 4, sprite1xpos, sprite1ypos, 4
hide sprite 4

sprite2xpos = 300
sprite2ypos = 300

playeronelives = 3
playertwolives = 3

mainloop:
do
  cls rgb(150,150,150)
  sprite 1, sprite1xpos, sprite1ypos, 1
  sprite 2, sprite2xpos, sprite2ypos, 2
  sprite 3, sprite2xpos, sprite2ypos, 3
  sprite 4, sprite1xpos, sprite1ypos, 4
  hide sprite 3 
  if upkey() = 1 then sprite1ypos = sprite1ypos -5
  if downkey() = 1 then sprite1ypos = sprite1ypos +5
  if leftkey() = 1 then sprite1xpos = sprite1xpos -5
  if rightkey() = 1 then sprite1xpos = sprite1xpos +5
  if controlkey() = 1 then gosub sumosteinpunch
  if inkey$() = &quot;w&quot; then sprite2ypos = sprite2ypos -5
  if inkey$() = &quot;s&quot; then sprite2ypos = sprite2ypos +5
  if inkey$() = &quot;a&quot; then sprite2xpos = sprite2xpos -5
  if inkey$() = &quot;d&quot; then sprite2xpos = sprite2xpos +5
  if inkey$() = &quot;x&quot; then gosub sumoculapunch
  if spacekey() = 1 then end
  if sprite1xpos =&lt;0 then sprite1xpos = sprite1xpos +5
  if sprite1xpos =&gt;550 then sprite1xpos = sprite1xpos -5
  if sprite1ypos =&lt;0 then sprite1ypos = sprite1ypos +5
  if sprite1ypos =&gt;350 then sprite1ypos = sprite1ypos -5
  if sprite2xpos =&lt;0 then sprite2xpos = sprite2xpos +5
  if sprite2xpos =&gt;550 then sprite2xpos = sprite2xpos -5
  if sprite2ypos =&lt;0 then sprite2ypos = sprite2ypos +5
  if sprite2ypos =&gt;350 then sprite2ypos = sprite2ypos -5
loop

sumoculapunch:
hide sprite 2
show sprite 3
wait 250
if sprite collision(3, 1) = 1
  playeronelives = playeronelives -1
  if playeronelives = 0
  delete sprite 1
  end
endif
endif
hide sprite 3
show sprite 2
gosub mainloop

sumosteinpunch:
hide sprite 1
show sprite 4
wait 250
if sprite collision(4, 2) = 1
  playertwolives = playertwolives -1
  if playertwolives = 0
  delete sprite 2 
  end
endif
endif
hide sprite 4
show sprite 1
gosub mainloop''
&lt;/pre&gt;
That is a simple format for a multiplayer melee game in 2D.  Notice
I have cleverly not supplied the media!  Hahahahahaaaa!  Now get programming!

{{Subjects|BASIC programming language}}
{{alphabetical|D}}

===&lt;center&gt;Day 20&lt;/center&gt;===
-&gt;&gt;3d Programming&lt;&lt;-
Tadadada! (I'm not DBtutor, nor IRONPROGRAMMER, i'm gluon, you can find me on the DexOS forums)&lt;br&gt;
First Example&lt;br&gt;
A controlable cube:
&lt;pre&gt;
SYNC RATE 60

MAKE OBJECT CUBE 1,1
DO
    if leftkey()=1 then YROTATE OBJECT 1,OBJECT ANGLE Y(1)-2
    if rightkey()=1 then YROTATE OBJECT 1,OBJECT ANGLE Y(1)+2
    if upkey()=1 then XROTATE OBJECT 1,OBJECT ANGLE X(1)-2
    if downkey()=1 then XROTATE OBJECT 1,OBJECT ANGLE X(1)+2
    SYNC
LOOP
END
&lt;/pre&gt;
Instead of MAKE OBJECT CUBE we can say SPHERE,etc.&lt;br&gt;
A textured object:
&lt;pre&gt;
sync on
hide mouse
make object cube 1,20
load image &quot;car.jpg&quot;,1
texture object 1,1,1
do
sync
loop
&lt;/pre&gt;
Moving an object
&lt;pre&gt;
Sync on
sync rate 40
hide mouse  
make object cube 1,10  
do
   if rightkey()=1 then y=wrapvalue(y+1)
   if leftkey()=1 then y=wrapvalue(y-1)
   if upkey()=1 then move object 1,1
   if downkey()=1 then move object 1,-1
   yrotate object 1,y
   sync
loop
&lt;/pre&gt;

[[ca:DarkBASIC Professional]]</text>
      <sha1>7xbko8r5gl7weesw9w9u5yw4cbtctdc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Watergate Salad</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>234048</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448960</id>
      <parentid>4448309</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:48:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448960</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="968" sha1="sf5m42ma3ke0iur1pbnmoeqymfoiuzy" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Dessert recipes
| Difficulty = 1
| Image = [[File:Watergate salad new.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Recipe}}

==Ingredients==
* 2 cans crushed [[Cookbook:Pineapple|pineapple]] with juice
* 4 packages instant pistachio pudding mix
* 2 small cans of mandarin oranges, drained
* 2 [[Cookbook:Cup|cups]] mini-[[Cookbook:Marshmallow|marshmallows]]
* 1 large tub [[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|whipped cream]] or [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|Cool Whip]]

==Procedure==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot;&gt;
File:Watergate salad 2.jpg|1. Combine the crushed pineapple and juice with the pudding mix in a large mixing bowl.
File:Watergate salad 3.jpg|2. Stir in the marshmallows and mandarin oranges.
File:Watergate salad 4.jpg|3. Fold in whipped cream, and refrigerate overnight.
&lt;/gallery&gt;
[[category:Dessert recipes]]
[[category:Pineapple recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using whipped cream]]
[[category:Marshmallow recipes]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>sf5m42ma3ke0iur1pbnmoeqymfoiuzy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aros/Platforms/x86 Complete System HCL</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>237398</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448785</id>
      <parentid>4448613</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T13:09:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4448785</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="440893" sha1="s9f8kshk9j4svdzxavd1gu56no1mi5g" xml:space="preserve">=== Recommended hardware ===

While the following sections will give you a good overview of compatibility of AROS with a large number of hardware, this first section will list hardware that is recommended for use with 32-bit versions of AROS.

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

If in future decision will be made to drop any of the recommended hardware from the list (for example due to it no longer being available for purchase), such hardware will move to list of legacy supported systems and will have an indicated end of life date so that users have time to switch to other hardware.

==== Laptops ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ACER Aspire One ZG5 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || {{Yes|ATHEROS}}  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Dell Latitude D520 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|BCM4400}} || {{No|}}  || {{Yes|Atheros AR5BXB63}} || * select Intel Core 2 64-bit version, not Celeron 32-bit version &lt;br/&gt; * replace WiFi card to get wireless working&lt;br/&gt; * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot 
|-
|}

==== Desktop Systems ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Fujitsu Futro S720 || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE || NOT APPLICABLE || * no 2D/3D acceleration&lt;br/&gt; * use USB ports at back
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770T UD3/UD3P || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
| ASUS M2N68-AM SE2 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|NVIDIA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|NVNET}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * connecting a disk via SATA connector is not supported at this time &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add 'noioapic' to grub command line in order to boot &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
|}

==== Legacy supported hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |EOL
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| iMica || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || 2026-12-31 || * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770 UD3 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || 2026-12-31 || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
|}

=== Laptops ===

The following hardware has been tested with native x86 AROS and any issues have been noted. If you have encountered differently (i.e. problems, incompatibilities, faults, niggles, annoyances, environment, errors, review of setup etc) please update this information. Alternatively, an hosted OS (windows or linux) of AROS would give better results. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


* 2006/2007 Dell Latitude D-series laptops - business class machines, good support in Aros, easy to replace wifi card 
* 2006 some [https://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/laptops-and-netbooks/toshiba-satellite-pro-a200-28550/review Satellite Pro A200] 
* 2008 For the tiny carry anywhere, the early run of Acer Aspire netbooks 


Please bear in mind that AROS has only a few hardware driver developers, whilst Linux counts in the tens and Windows in the hundreds. 
 So consequently, be aware that driver support on native is now a decade behind linux, MacOS(TM) and Windows(TM). 

Rough estimate from taking a random laptop notebook what you can expect from a Native install of AROS 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Date 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Overall 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx VESA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx 2D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx 3D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Before 2002 || Poor to OK || VESA 90% || 2D 10% || {{N/A}} || Audio 10% || 40% || Wired 70% || 2% || Max RAM 512MB 
|-
| 2002-2005 || OK || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 30% || 70% || Wired 50% || 4% || Max RAM 1GB 
|-
| 2005-2010 || Good || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 60% || 80% || Wired 30% || 10% || Max RAM 2 / 4GB 
|-
| 2011-2014 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 20% || 60% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 8GB / 16GB 
|-
| 2015-2017 || Poor || VESA 98% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 32GB 
|-
| 2018-202x || Poor || VESA 95% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 10% || 0% || Max RAM 64GB Ryzen 
|-
|}


3D tests now conducted with apps found in Demos/AROS/Mesa and run at default size (may need to View As -&gt; Show All to see them. 

 Any laptop with Windows 7(TM) 64bit or higher install, the bios and hard drive set in uefi/gpt mode (install of AROS incompatible) 

Most vendor suppliers get OEM (original equipment manufacturers) to make their laptops. These brand name companies purchase their laptops from an 
*80% ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) such as Quanta, Compal, Wistron, Inventec, Foxconn (Hon Hai), Flextronics and Asus (now Pegatron) 
*20% MiTAC, FIC, Arima, Uniwill, ECS, Tonfang Origin and Clevo (remaining 20%). 


====Acer/Gateway/Emachines====

Company founded under the name of Multitech in Taiwan in 1976, renamed to Acer or Acer Group in 1987

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Packard Bell 
Aspire 
Extensa 
TimeLine
Travelmate 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Travelmate 505 506 507 508 Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P2 Celeron 466Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neo Magic Magic Graph 128XD (NM2160)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Crystal CS}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 minimal support but no audio etc - 506T, 506DX, 507T, 507DX, 508T 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 340 342 343 345 347 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ALi M1621 with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber 9525 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1969 Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ALi OHCI USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;a few have Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 32bit - 340T, 341T, 342T, 342TV, 343TV, 345T, 347TV 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 350 351 352 353 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber Blade DSTN/Ai1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ali5451}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 1.1 Ali M5237 OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Acer InviLink IEEE 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit very limited support but no support for PCMCIA O2 Micro OZ6933 - 350T, 351TEV, 352TEV, 353TEV 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 610 series 611 612 613 614 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;815 P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 82815 cgc || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 pro || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit - 610TXVi 610T 611TXV 612TX 613TXC 
|-
| Aspire 3003LM || SIS AMD 3000 1.8GHz || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SIS AGP M760GX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 SIS codec}} || 3 USB 2.0 || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One 54g}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 sempron 
|-
| Travelmate 2310 Series ZL6 || Intel Celeron M 360 1.4GHz with SiS 661MX || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SiS Mirage M661MX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|SIS SI7012 AC97 with realtek ALC203 codec speakers only}} ||  || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{N/A|LM version has pci card slot but no antenna}} || Icaros 2.1.1 || 2004 32bit - No USB boot option but boot from DVD - reports of wifi losing connection (isolate/remove the metallic grounding foil ends of the antennas) - 2312LM_L - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3000 3002LMi 3500 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD CPU W-with SIS M760 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SIS 760 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;SIS 900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4318 swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3050 5020 5050 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Single and Turion MK-36 Dual and RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - RS482M Xpress 1100 or RS485M Xpress 1150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC883 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5006G or Broadcom BCM 4318 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit MK36 gets very hot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2410 2420 2430 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel Mobile 915GMS 910GML || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 ICH6 with ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL-8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005GS || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 2428AWXMi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3610 - WISTRON MORAR 3614WLMI || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=644066&amp;postcount=13 AC97]}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139 8139C+}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5001X+, AR5BMB5 or Broadcom 4318}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit with good support [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=6205188#post6205188 wifi issues] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2480 series 2483 WXMi (HannStar J MV4 94V) 2483NWXCi Aspire 3680, 3690 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML i943 with Celeron 430 1.77GHz - 14.1&quot; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D openGL 1.x - Tunnel 181 gearbox 104 scores}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC883 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038 yukon sky2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 5k AR5005G AR5BMB5 mini pci}} suspect laptop hardware issues || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Works well shame about the internet options - noisy fan - poor battery life - no boot option for TI based mass storage sd card - Max 2GB memory - LCD Inverter Board IV12090/T-LF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2490 series 2492WXMi || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 945 2D and 3D tunnel 164 gearbox 105}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5005GS suspect hardware issue}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 15inch screen - strange curved up at ends keyboard style - overall plastic construction - Atheros AR5005G(s) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gateway ML6227B MA7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz with 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM 2D and 3D tunnel 169 gearbox 132}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDA Intel with STAC9250 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|8187L but swap ath5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 ultrabrite widescreen - Wifi Switch on side Fn/F2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5630-6796 6288 BL50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5200 T5500 Intel® Core™2 Duo T7200 T7400 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® GMA 950 with S-Video out}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945abg swap for Atheros 5K}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny AROS || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 - 64bit 39.1 cm (15.4&quot; 1280 x 800) - 2 DDR2-SDRAM slots max 4GB - green mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5633WMLI BL51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5500 with Intel® 945PM/GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia Go 7300}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64 bit dual core2 - 15.4 WXGA screen - ddr2 max 4gb - OrbiCam no support - ENE chipset SD card - blue mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 9410 9420 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core Duo with 945PM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D NVIDIA GeForce Go 7300 - 128 MB VRAM G72M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 8111 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG but could swap with atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 17in TFT 1,440 x 900 WXGA+ - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eMachines E510 series KAL10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M 560 2.13Ghz with PM965  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel x3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5906M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G AR5BXB63 bios issue??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit very budget machine with InsydeH20 bios and F10 boot menu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ACER Aspire 5920 5920G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa Core 2 Duo T7300 T7500 later T9300 with GM965 and PM965(G) Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for X3100M or 8600M GS (rev a1) 9500M GT 256MB vram (G) but some AMD/ATI RV635 M86 HD 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with realtek alc888 codec ICH8}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG 4965 or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood test iso 2023-01 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit boot with 'noacpi' or 'noioapic' - 15.4in 1280 x 800 pixels 16:10 - BMW Designworks ‘Gemstone’ design - over 3.0kg with options for 8-cell or 6-cell batteries - 2 SODIMM DDR2 667MT/s max 4GB - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Extensa 5630Z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T6600 with Intel GL40 Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 4500M HD (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|Broadcom BCM 5764M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{No|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Acer A0521 Ao721 || Athlon II Neo K125 + AMD M880G || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4225 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Conexant}} || {{Maybe}}|| {{no|AR8152 l1c}} || {{no|AR9285 ath9k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || 64bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5250 series 5253 BZ400 BZ602 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA 2D for AMD HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio for codec Conexant CX20584}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR5B97}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5 V5-121 V5121 AO725 One 725 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-70 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA for AMD 6290G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5-122P MS2377 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;C70 with M55, AMD A4-1250 or A6 1450 up to 1.4Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8210 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;FCH USB EHCI OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 but LAN/VGA Combo Port Cable (AK.LAVGCA.001) or MiniCP port to Acer Converter Cable (Mini CP to VGA/LAN/USB) (NP.OTH11.00C) needed}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 26w battery internal, extension possible - 11.6in 1366 x 768 ips touchscreen - 7mm hd ssd - 2gb ddr3l soldered with 1 slot free max 4GB - bios hacking needed for virtualisation - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell EasyNote TE69 TE69KB 522 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow E1-2500, E2-3800 2c2t Dual or A4-5000 4c4t Quad both soldered BGA769 (FT3) on Hudson-2 FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Use IDE mode}} setting AHCI to IDE mode - boots if UEFI set to Legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D for ATI Radeon 8120 8240, 8320 8330 or 8280}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD Azalia HD Audio with ALC282 codec but not HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Bios, Boot, set Boot mode to Legacy, nothing from USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8171 AR8175 or Broadcom BCM57780}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9565 0x1969 0x10a1}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon and AROS One 1.6 usb || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 15.6in washed out screen big netbook - Boots with noacpi after using F2 to enter EFI firmware and f12 boot device - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 16Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASPIRE ES1-523 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD E1-7010, A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC 233 or CX20752 HD AUDIO CODEC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek PCIe GBE Family or Atheros AR8151 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8187 or 8812BU}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 2 ddr3l slots - keyboard connected to top case - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L8400-K Medion MD9467 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel desktop 850MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Savage MX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS allegro 1988}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L2000 L2400 L2D Series Medion 9675 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 4 mobile || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use vesa sis630 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|sis7018}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;sis900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x51R X51RL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Duo T2250 T2330 with RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|boots and detects}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL-8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5006EG AR5111 ath5k AzureWave AW-GE780 - could be ATI Chipset}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2, deadwood 2021,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 15.4 WXGA - 19v barrel - ESC boot select - F2 bios - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus R2H Ultra Mobile PC UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron 900Mhz 910GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4fOrqyj3g boots] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A3 series A3F Ergo Ensis 211 RM || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P-M 1.6GHz to Core Duo with 950 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC655 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100CL 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z33  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 2915ABG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Z33A Z33AE N5M N5A 
|-
| Z70A Z70V Z70Va M6A z7000 z7000a || i915 + ICH6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|mobile 915GML}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ICH6 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001}} || {{no|Intel PRO 2200BG Fn / F2}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2005 32bit 
|-
| [http://www.progweb.com/en/2010/09/linux-sur-un-portable-asus-a6jm/ A6jm] A6JC || 945GM || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia GeForce Go 7600 G70}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8111 8168B}} || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || Icaros  1.2.4 || 2006 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;F3Jc || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;G72M Quadro NVS 110M, GeForce Go 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;D audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X50GL F5GL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5800 with 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2d - Nvidia 8200M G84 runs hot}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio MCP79 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5B91 AW-NE77}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit not much support no display with nouveau - 19v barrel 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS G50 &amp; G51 series G50V G50Vt G51V G51VX G51J G51Jx G50VT X1 X5 ROG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD64 with MCP71 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia GeForce 9800M GS (G94M) up to GT200 [GeForce GTX 260M] (G92M) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros L1C atl1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICaros  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit not all GPUs are failing but a much higher % failing early, 8x00 and 9x00 G84, G86, G92, G94, and G96 series chips dying - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M50V M50 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P8400 or T9400 with Intel PM45 ICH9 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|BIOS set to compatibility IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 9600M GS or 9650M GT || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC663 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5100 or Atheros AR928X}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 15.40 inch 16:10, 1680 x 1050 glossy - the &quot;Infusion&quot; design - heavy 3kg - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series F9 F9E F9dc F9f F9j F9s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC660 playback}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|works}}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 }}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel 3495 not working}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.41 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - small form factor sub notebook, compact 
|-
| P52F SO006X || i3-370M || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia G92 [GeForce 9800 GT] (2D)}} || {{no|Intel HD Audio}} || {{yes|2 USB2.0}} || {{no|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 (l1e)}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
* X53U MB Ver K53U or K52U Asus K53U MB Ver K53U
* A53U XT2 X53B MB ver: K53BY (compal) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow atom like speed E-350 (2011), E-450 (2011) on AMD M780G, much slower C50 (2012), C60 on the AMD A50M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi 6310M, 6320M later 6250M or 6290M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with alc269 codec Altec Lansing® Speakers}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height ar9285 cannot swap with ar5000 mini pci-e as smaller card required}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 and AROS One 1.6 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 5200 or 7800 mAh battery covers ASUS K53S K53E X54C X53S K84L X53SV X54HR K53F X53U laptops - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus K53T, Asus A53Z X53Z
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3305M on AMD M780G, A6-3420M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 6520G, 7670M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - Altec Lansing® Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X55U X401U X501U 1225B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow C60, C70 or E1 1200 E2 1800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6290G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ram soldered -  11.6&quot; display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X102BA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Llano E1 1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ide bios setting}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8180 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit -10.1” Touchscreen - special asus 45w ac adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A43TA A53TA K53TA XE2 A73T || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3300M, A6 3400M (laptop chip) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon HD 6520G Integrated + HD 6470M (1GB GDDR3)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;K55N, K75DE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 4400M A8 4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 7640G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC codec none through ATi Trinity HDMI || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 17.3-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X452EA X552EA F552E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for AMD ATI Sun XT Radeon HD 8330 8670A 8670M 8690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD FCH Azalia rev 02 with ALC898 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{{Yes|Realtek RTL8111 8168 8411}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit kabini trinity E1 2100 or A4 5000M A8 4500M A10 4600M 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555Y - keyboard from Asus X555B X555D X555L X555S X555U X555Y X555LA fits? silver-colored plastic || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7210 A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-coloured plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS X555Q || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Bristol Ridge A10-9600P 7th Gen, A12-9720p || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R5 + Radeon™ R6 M435DX Dual Graphics with VRAM GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8821AE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - FHD 15.6 1920x1080 - 37W battery internal - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509ba  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 16Gb - 19VDC 2.37A Max 45W 4.0mm x 1.35mm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509DA M509DJ M509DL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 3 3200U, AMD® Ryzen™ 5 3500U 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD Vega 5 8 or nvidia MX230 MX250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - Transparent Silver Slate Grey - 4 or 8g soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 8g - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== Dell ====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Studio 
Inspiron 
Vostro 
XPS
Alienware  
Precision 
Latitude 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude CP 233GT, CPi d233xt d266xt D300XT a366xt, CPt S400GT S500GT S550GT S600GT S700ST, CPt C333GT C400GT || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Neo magic Magic Media 2160 2360 256ZX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|crystal pnp 4237b or magic media 256zx sound nm2360}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit Low-Density 16-chip 144p 144-pin 32Mx64 3.3V SODIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude CPx H450GT H500GT H Series, CPt V433GT V466GT V600, Inspiron 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX with Pentium 3M (CPx) or Celeron (CPt) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use Vesa - ATi Rage Pro Mobility M1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1978 Maestro 2E Canyon 3D}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|1 slot 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit - 3 pin PA-6 PA6 power adapter plug - CDROM DVD Cxxx family media bay accessories untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C500 C600 (Quanta TM6) Inspiron 4000 7500, CPx J Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440BX ZX/DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage 128Pro Mobility M3 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ES1983S Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A|some models had mini pci e100}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|a few came with internal antenna wiring}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;square 3 pin charger PA9 PA-9 - C/Dock II untested - C/Port untested - Parallel to Floppy cable untested - CPx J600GT J650GT J700GT J750GT J800GT J850GT 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C510 C610 Insprion 4100 PP01L 2600 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i830 and 1GHz+ P3-M ||  &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA - ATI Radeon Mobility M6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 CS4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|3Com Etherlink}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|internal antenna wiring for an Atheros mini pci card}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor build quality - hard to find in good working order 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 830 CGC}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 Crystal 4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|3Com 3c905C TX/TX-M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Slim for the time - no media bays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C640 (Quanta TM8) C840 Inspiron 8k2 8200 i8200 precision m50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M with 845EP || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA if ATi - use nouveau if 64mb Nvidia Gforce 4 440 Go  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS4205 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;3com 905c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;C640 had one fan so was noisy and hot - C840 had 2 fans and ran slightly cooler but fan noise louder
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Latitude D400 || P-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 ide}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|VESA only}} || {{yes|AC97 Audio playback only}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || {{maybe|PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{no|BCM4318 AirForce one 54g replace with atheros 5k mini pci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit might boot from USB stick but won't boot from USB-DVD - no sd card slot - power plug style - 
|-
| Latitude D500 / D505 PP10L, Inspiron 510m 
|| 855GME 
* revA00
* revA03
* revA06
| {{yes|IDE but needs the Dell adapter}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with IDT STAC 9750 codec playback head phones only}} || {{maybe| }} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 but exchange with atheros g in panel on laptop bottom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || 2003 - 14 / 15 inch XGA 4:3 screen - plastic build - no sd card slot - boots from bay optical drive - not powering on/off with ac adapter is a [http://www.geekzone.co.nz/forums.asp?forumid=37&amp;topicid=30585 mobo fault of PC13 SMT 1206 ceramic cap hot] suggest [http://www.die4laser.com/D505fix/ 0.1uF 50V instead] - pc2700 333Mhz ram 1Gb max - 
|-
| Latitude D505 (some) || VIA VT8237 VX700 || {{yes|IDE}} ||  || {{partial|VESA 2d on ATI RV350 Radeon 9550}} || {{no|VIA AC97 with  codec}} || {{maybe|VIA USB glitchy}} || {{yes|VIA VT6102 Rhine-II}} || {{no|Intel 2200g Calexico2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2003 32bit little support - diagnostics pressing holding the Fn key, press the Power ON button (battery removed). Check the LEDs pattern - cmos battery behind flap in laptop battery slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA SIS}}  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 SIS with AD1981B codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|SIS 900 but}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/my-time-with-icaros-desktop-and-what-i-am-doing-as-a-dev-contributor-also-some-other-shit/113358 aremis using it]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1100 PP07L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;845 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 845G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC'97 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 8500 5150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4 855GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia 5200 Go - VESA if intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|MCP AC97 with SigmaTel 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4306 rev 02 use Atheros Mini PCI}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit P4 runs well but hot 
|-
| Latitude X300 PP04S small, slim and light case 
|| 855GME 
* revA00 Intel ULV 1.2 Ghz
* revA01 Intel ULV 1.4Ghz 
| {{yes|IDE internal and will boot cd/dvd through dock PR04S}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with STAC 97xx codec but no audio out of the dock}} || {{maybe|works but dock usb ports and usb DVD PD01S not detected}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5705M gigabit}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 later intel - replace with atheros in the underside}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || 2004 12.1&quot; 1024 x 768 - 19.5v PA-10 or PA-12 dell - ACPI works but bad s3 ram suspend sleep - no sd card boot - 1Gb max sodimm ddr 2700 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) PP05L - 600m 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 
* reva00
* revA01 
* revA02 
* revA03 
* revA04 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATI Radeon RV250 Mobility FireGL 9000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 -  STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2100 or Broadcom BCM4306 - swap for Atheros panel in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1 and 2.1.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14inch using pc2100 memory with Caps light blinking is usually a memory error - Dell D505 D600 power up pressing the case docking port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only vidia NV28 GeForce4 Ti 4200 Go 5200 Go 5650 Go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 - STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306 mini pci - swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14&quot; - solder joints on the bios chip (press down f7/f8 keys) - RAM clean with eraser - memory cover plate maybe apply some pressure - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 (Compal LA-1901) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - trackpoint type pointing device - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 15inch 39cm
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1200 2200 PP10S Latitude 110L m350 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA900 (2D and 3D openGL 1.x) Gearbox 56}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|BroadCom BCM4318 - swap for Atheros mini PCI in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 single core 32bit 14&quot; 4:3 1024 768 XGA screen - heavy 6 lbs - PA16 barrel 19V 3.16A AC adapter - battery life 4cell 29WHr lasts 2 hours - 256mb soldered with 1 ddr pc2100 sodimm 1gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1300 business B130 home PP21L Latitude 120L B120 by Compal - Inspiron 630m || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M360 1.4GHz, M370 1.50 GHz, M380 1.73GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D openGL 1.x tunnel 172 gearbox 70}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|works but waiting boot fail with AROS One usb version}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|intel 2200 or BCM4318 swap for Atheros mini pci underside - one antenna lead for main wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit single core - 14.1″ XGA 4:3 or 15.4&quot; WXGA wide 1280 x 800 matte - ddr2 sodimm ram 2gb max - PA-16 19v psu tip 7.4mm * 5mm - f10 boot select f1 f2 bios 
|-
| Latitude X1 PP05S || PP-M GMA915 rev A00 1.1GHz non-pae || {{yes|ide 1.8in zif/ce under keyboard}} || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|Vesa for Intel 915GM}} || {{yes|AC97 6.6 playback only with STAC codec}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0 but partial boot to blank screen}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard palm rest - disassembly of all laptop}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd iso image virtualbox'd onto usb, Aros One 1.5 and 1.8 usb (2022) || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - sd slot not bootable - 256mb soldered to board and 1 sodimm max 1GB ddr2 under keyboard - F12 bios boot F2 - pa-17 pa17 19v octagonal psu port 
|-
| Latitude D410 PP06S 
*rev A00 
*A01, A02 
*A03 
|| GMA915 1.6GHz Pentium® M 730, 1.7GHz, 750 1.86GHz &amp; 760 2.0GHz, 770 2.13GHz || {{yes|caddy and adapter needed 2.5&quot; - remove hdd and write}} || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|Intel 915GM 2D and 3D OpenGL 1.3 tunnel 170 and gearbox 75}} || {{yes|AC97 playback only with STAC 9751 codec}} || {{maybe|works but will not boot from USB-DVD or AROS One 1.5 usb version}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2915ABG or later 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4, 2.1.1 and AROS One 1.5 usb,  || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - no sd card slot - PR06S dock base 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D510 (Quanta DM1) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM socket 479 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 STAC 975x}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG swap Atheros mini pci in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 14.1&quot; 32bit single core Intel Celeron M 1.6GHz Pentium M 730 1.73Ghz - squarish 3:2 - issues with 3rd party battery 4 quick flashes of red led with 1 final green 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) PP11L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;910GML 915GM with mobile 1.6 to 2.26ghz 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A07 1.73Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D tunnel 174 gearbox 74}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 speaker head phones playback only with stac codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2200BG or Broadcom mini pci under keyboard, swap wifi card for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - one dimm slot under keyboard and other in underside 2GB 533Mhz 667Mhz DDR2 max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) 0C4717 REV A05, 0K3879 REV.A00 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 no radeon 2d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci use Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - 19.5v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D810 (Quanta ) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 RV370 M22 later x600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 stereo playback only idt 9751 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0 but no boot from usb on 1.5}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, aros one 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 15.4&quot; F12 one time boot menu - 19.5v 90w psu ideal - battery not same as later dx20 ones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Studio XPS M1210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia G72M 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92xx || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 - swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspirion E1705 9200 9300 9400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 6800, ati X300 or nVidia 7900GS gpu 3d corrupt || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 increasing vertical lines issues]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1501 PP23LA Latitude 131L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD on ATI RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - ATI 1150 (x300) RS482M Mobility Radeon Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with stac 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom bcm 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bcm4311 replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit 15.4 inch Matt 16:10, 1280x800 pixel, WXGA TFT Display - first Dell AMD machine - Sempron 1.8GHz Turion MK-36 or X2 1.6Ghz TL-50 or TL-56 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6000 6400, E1505 PP20L, 9300, 9200 PP14L 
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with PM 1.73Ghz, T2050 or T2060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d - Ati 9700, x1300 RV515 M52, x1400 or nvidia go 7300 on mxm board}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio IDT 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|usb boot }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 3945 - swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1, AROS One 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit but - 15.4 inch glossy - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots - broadcom bcm92045 bluetooth detected but no support - 19.5v dell psu socket - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6400 (Quanta FM1)
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo  
*A08 Core2 Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with BGA479 (socket M) T2050 1.6Ghz, T2060 1.60Ghz, T2080 1.73Ghz much later T5500 1.66Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with IDT 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;deadwood 2019-04-16 iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4&quot; glossy - sd card - front multimedia keys - dvd rw - generic dell keyboard - coin cr2032 bios battery under keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 640m PP19L XPS M140 e1405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo T2050, T2300 Duo 1.83GHz T2400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or Broadcom 43xx, swap for Atheros 5k - Wireless Internet ON or OFF press the Function key + F2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit - 12.1 LCD CCFL WXGA 1280x800 up to 14.1 inch 16:10 1440x900 pixel, WXGA+ UltraSharp - supports also SSE3 on duos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M65 M90 XPS M1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM with T2600 T2700 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro FX 350M 1600M 1500M G71 on par with the Go7900 GS to GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5752 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4311 BCM4328 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 17&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen manufactured by AU Optronics poor viewing angles, unevenly lit, light leakage 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D420 (Compal LA-3071P) PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 
* revA00 Solo 1.2Ghz ULV U1400
* revA01 Duo 1.06Ghz u2500
* revA02 Duo 1.2Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|ZIF/CE 1.8&quot; slow under battery, ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - 2D and 3D opengl tunnel 138 gearbox 103}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92xx playback speakers head phones only)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 and external usb optical drive works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 mini pcie - swap Atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros Desktop 1.4 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit only - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 - PR09S dock base rev02 DVD-RW usb boots - 1GB DDR2 2Rx16 max in base panel - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D520 PP17L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
* 64bit rev A01, A02 945GM Core2 Duo 1.83Ghz to 2.3Ghz 
* 32bit rev A00, A01 940GML Solo later Duo T2400  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || {{Yes|bios sata set to ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 series 2D and OpenGL1 3D tunnel 210 gearbox 153 teapot 27}} || {{Yes|HD audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || {{Yes|Boots and detects USB2.0}} || {{Yes|Broadcom 4400}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4312 BCM4321 Dell 1390 / 1490 mini pcie - easy to replace with atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4 and 2.2 and AROS One usb 1.8 and grub boot add 'noacpi' || 2006 mostly 64bit 4:3 aspect ratio 14.1 (XGA 1024x768) or later 15 inches (XGA+ 1400 by 1050) - F2 enter bios F12 choose boot - 19.5v dell tip pa-12 charger - bios battery socketed - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 (Compal LA-2792) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 
* rev A00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* rev A0x all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D tunnel gearbox opengl1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 mini pcie swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS Xenon || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit AROS capable with later revisions - 14&quot; 1280 x 800 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i945
* revA00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* revA01 all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300, 7600 NVS 110M G72 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{dunno}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1440x900 screen - LA-2792P Rev.2.0 - DT785 UC218 Fan/ Heatsink (64bit) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM6) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* rev A00 
* rev A01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D tunnel 195 - 100? gearbox 156}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with STAC 9200 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 replace with mini pcie atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 widescreen 15 inch 1280 x 800 matte -  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia NVS 110M 120M G72}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio STAC 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;15.4 1650x1050 WXGA or WSXGA+ or 1920x1200 WUXGA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude D531 15&quot; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Turion X2 TL56 or TL60 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATi xpress X1270}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with IDT codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 57xx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Dell Wireless 1390, 1505 or BCM4311 mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - no trackpoint - fails and goes wrong often - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D430 PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Core2 Duo C2D U7500 1.06GHz U7600 1.2GHz U7700 1.33GHz 
* rev A00 
* rev A01  
* rev A02 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;ZIF PATA IDE 1.8inch under battery and ribbon cable - slow use USB instead || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|945GML 2D and 3D opengl 1.x 171 tunnel 105 gearbox}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|STAC 92xx HD Audio speaker and ear phone - mono speaker}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 4965 AGN or 3945 ABG mini pci-e underside with Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit capable - sd card not supported - 19.5v PA12 power adapter - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 matte - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|nVidia Quadro NVS 135M 2D 3d glitches G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] cool air intake from underneath needed with pa-10 or pa-3e 90w psu required - standard 4:3 ratio aspect screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 (Compal LA-3301P) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 T7250 2.0Ghz T7300 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA X3100 (2D only, no external monitor)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio STAC 9205 but speaker and head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with pci-e Atheros 5k under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - F12 to choose boot option - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - 4400mah 48Wh battery lasts 2 hours - 6600mah 73Wh lasts just over 3 hours 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 
* revA00 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] GPU heatpad, no copper 
* revA01 0DT785 heatsink 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA as nVidia NVS 135M 3d corrupts 0.7 tunnel 0.25 gearbox G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM with Core2 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GM965 crestline 2d and 3d tunnel 115}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|replace with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 15 inch 1280 x 900 but updating the LCD to WXGA or WSXGA+ could be better - 2 ddr2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ICH8, Core2 DUO T7800 @ 2.60GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Intel ICH8M Serial ATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro NVS 140M G86 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Wireless 4965AGN swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.&quot; - FN,F2 or FN,F8 or FN,F12 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1330  M1530  M1730 - WISTRON Hawke || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Intel 965 with either Nvidia 8400M 8600M 8700M or 8800GT G84 G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio STAC 9228 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Marvell 88E8040 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Did not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2300 M4300 M6300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA nVidia Quadro FX 360M (8400GS) 3600M 3500M 2500M G86 to G92}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG 4965 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1310 1510 (Compal LA-4592P) 1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo T7600 or Celeron 540 GMA965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC268 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 4965 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Celeron 540 added 64 bit support (doubling transistor count) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 (Compal LA-4671P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 or Dell Wireless 1397}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 up to 17 inch with 13.3 inch WXGA Anti-Glare matt or glossy LED Display (1280 x 800) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvdia 9300m to 9600M GS G96 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 15.4” screen Vostro 1520 with excessive heat buildup on the left hand side palm rest 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2400 M4400 M6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA 2d for nVidia Quadro FX 770M G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1525 PP29L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo or Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit much later 64bit 15.4&quot; 1200 x 800 - 19.5v dell psu -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1545 PP41L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4500MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD71B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 15.6&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo U9400 U9300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;64gig ssd with ribbon cable || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GM45 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 71B7X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; NEC uPD720202 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82567LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4322 or Intel’s 5100 or 5300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64 - 12.1in 1,280 x 800 poor color accuracy magnesium alloy body - easily replaced keyboard - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - Microdia cam - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E5400 E5500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio but no sound}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM5761e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P9400 2.4GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 4500 MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HDxxx || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82567LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 5300 AGN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 13.3&quot; WXGA - sd card Broadcom BCM5880 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lattitude E6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo P9500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M HD 2D with NVIDIA QUADRO NVS 160M G98}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with IDT 92HD71 codec or later 92HDM61}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4312 or Intel 5300 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 early ones problems with the keyboard ribbon cable connector, trackpoints were not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latittude E4310 E5410 ATG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 5 series Intel Core i5 560M 1st gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA HD 5700 mhd || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with IDT 92HDxx Codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82577LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 too small 30x30 to swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64Bit clarkdale codename CPUs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E6410 E6510 E6310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i7 620M i7 820QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|NVidia NVS 3100M GT218 2D but 3D through external monitor}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio IDT 92HD81}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel 6200AGN or Link 6300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5030 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;rev A01 AMD V120, V140 rev A0? V160 M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA RS880M Radeon HD 4225, 4250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC269q codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - DDR3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1546 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4330M 530v || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 91HD81 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8103EL-GR || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6&quot; - alps touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS 15 15Z L501X L502X 17 17Z L701X L702X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i7 840QM to i7 2630QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 3000 with Nvidia 555, 525M, 540M, 555M or 435M 420M GF108M optimus || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit first models not Sandybridge but later are - 17.3-inch 1600 × 900 to 15.6-inch - not many working now 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E6420 E6520 ATG semi ruggized XFR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;sandy bridge i5 2520M 2540M or duo I7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;set to Bios UEFI mode AHCI || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD 3000 with optional fermi Nvidia NVS 4200M GF119}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio no playback - IDT 92HD90 BXX codec or HDMI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit very little total support - fan exhausts a lot of hot air when cpu taxed - VGA if Bios ATA set and Vesa only with Bios ACHI set - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5040 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow amd E450, later C50 or C60 with A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;non efi sata in IDE mode but base plastic difficult to remove for access || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6250 or 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8105E VB 10/100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285 no space for swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.1.1 and AROS USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 15INCH 1388 X 768 - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - under removable keyboard via 4 top spring loaded catches is 1 ddr3l sodimm max 8gb and wifi - 
|-
| Latitude e6230 E6330 E6430 || i3 3320M 3350M 2.8 GHz i5 3360M i7 3520M || {{N/A}} || {{partial|non RAID mode}} || {{partial|Intel HD 4000 (VESA only)}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{partial|Intel USB 3.0 (USB 1.1 2.0 only)}} || {{No|Intel 82579LM Gigabit}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014 09-27 || 2013 64bit Ivy Bridge - 12.5-inch 13.3-inch 14-inch screen - not great support, better under hosted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15 3521 5521 5721, Vostro 3555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 i7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4000 or Radeon 8730M or 7670M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC850 ??  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8105E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros or Dell 1703 1704 1705}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit Panther Point Ivy Bridge Intel(R) 7 Series Mobile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15‑3541 15‑3542 P40F001 P40F002 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1 2100 6010 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Inspiron 15 5565 5567 AMD versions || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9200u A9-9400 A12-9700P Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R5 R8 GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - there are i-intel versions - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 3505 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204, Cirrus Logic CS8409 (CS42L42 and SN005825)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8106E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64-bit - 15.6 - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;|-
|}

====Fujitsu-Siemens====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest)
&lt;pre &gt;
Amilo 
Esprimo 
Lifebook 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu [http://www.labri.fr/perso/fleury/index.php?page=bug_transmeta FMV-Biblo Loox S73A (Japan P1100) LifeBook P1120 Biblo Loox T93C (Japan P2120) P2020] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Transmeta Crusoe CPU TM5600 633MHz with Ali M1535 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Rage Mobility M with 4MB SDRAM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Ali M1535 + STAC9723 Codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 only || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1999 32bit 10&quot; 1280 x 600 matte LCD - QuickPoint IV mouse - metal chassis with palm rest plastic - 15GB 2.5 inch drive and SR 8175 8X DVD-ROM drive -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7000 S7010 S7010D S2020 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.6 or 1.7GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Intel 855}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|AC97 with STAC 9751T or 9767 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros, Broadcom or Intel 2200BG - FN,F10}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;14.1 inch with minimal support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook e8010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 855GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 STAC9767 or ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom NetXtreme BCM5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.1 inch
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5000 ST5010 ST5011 ST5012 ST5020 ST5021 ST5022 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.0GHz P-M and later 1.1GHz on Intel 855GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5788 tg3 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 16V 3.75A with wacom serial pen interface - indoor Screen transmissive 10.1 and later 12.1 XGA TFT - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Pro V2010  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA CN400 PM880 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|S3 unichrome use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 VT8237 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rhine 6102 6103 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RaLink RT2500 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boot mount - unknown bootstrap error then crashes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Li 1705 CN896 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with VIA P4M900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA VT8237 HD Audio  with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;VT82xx 62xx || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|VIA Rhine}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;random freezes
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Esprimo Mobile V5535 Skt mPGA 478MN 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE and EIDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{maybe|IDE mode with SIS 5513}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{maybe|SiS 771 / 671 (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HD Audio SIS968 SIS966 SI7012 with ALC268 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{no|USB 1.1 and 2.0 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|SiS 191 gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros AR5001 mini pci express}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.5 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 20v barrel - f2 setup f12 multi boot - random freezing short time after booting - chipset SIS 671MX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo SI 1520 1521p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Pro 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some support but Set Bios option ATA Control Mode to Compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7020 S7020D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Pentium M 740 1.73MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC260 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5751M Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG or Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5030 ST5031 ST5032 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1 to 1.2GHx Pentium M with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - 200 pin ddr2 ram 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5110 ST5111 ST5112 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 1.2GHz Core Duo and Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with STAC9228 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 ABG or optional atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;either 32 or 64 bit - charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - SigmaTel® touchscreen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E8110 S7110 E8210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC262 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8055 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit Core Duo 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || CHIPSET || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook PH521 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-350 E-450 1.65GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 6310M 6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 802.11 bgn}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 11.6 inch 1366x768 pixels - DDR3 1066MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====HP Compaq====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
Presario 
Pavilion 
Omnibook 
ProBook
Armada
Elitebook
&lt;/pre &gt;


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c00 series Compaq Presario  [http://users.utu.fi/sjsepp/linuxcompaqarmada100s.html Armada 100S made by Mitac], 1247 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-II with PE133 MVP-4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - Trident Blade3D AGP sp16953 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA ac'97 audio [rev20] with AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|usual VIA issues [rev10]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 192MB max - PCcard Texas PC1211 no support - 1200 XL1 1200-XL1xx, XL101, XL103 XL105 XL106 XL109 XL110 XL111 XL116  XL118 XL119 XL125 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c01 series Armada 110, Evo N150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with VIA PLE133 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Trident Cyber Blade i1 chipset || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 686 rev20 82xxx 686a || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82557 Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;max 192mb sodimm 100Mhz 133Mhz ram memory - 1200-XL405A 12XL405A XL502A 12XL502A 1600XL 
|-
| Armada M300 M700 E500 || 440BX || {{Yes| }} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ATI Rage LT M1 Mobility (VESA only)}} || {{no|AC97 ESS Maestro 2E M2E ES1987 sound}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{No|[http://perho.org/stuff/m300/index_en.html Intel PRO 100+ Mini PCI]}} || {{N/A}} || Aspire OS 2012, Nightly 30-01 2013 and 04-05 2013 || a little support via F10 bios options and Fn+F11 reset CMOS with 64mb ram already on board
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel BX 600Mhz GC model 256mb or AMD GD 500Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - S3 Inc. 86C270 294 Savage IX-MV (rev 11) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Allegro 1 (rev 12)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel 82371AB PIIX4 USB (rev 01) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit no cardbus pcmcia support - no audio from Polk Audio Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82830 ICH3 P3-M 750MHz 800Mhz 900MHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - CGC 830MG}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|only one 1.1 port}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|e100 82557}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.51 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Boots USB Stick via Plop boot floppy - Memory for GF 256-512mb, GS up 1GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1000 TC-1000 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA NV11 [GeForce2 Go] (rev b2) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA AC97 Audio (rev 50) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OHCI NEC USB 2.0 (rev 02) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82551 QM (rev 10) || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atmel at76c506 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Transmeta LongRun (rev 03)  with VT82C686 - Texas Instruments TI PCI1520 PC card Cardbus 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq R3000 ZV5000 (Compal LA-1851) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nForce 3 with AMD CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia  NV17 [GeForce4 420 Go 32M]  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Realtek RTL8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4303 BCM4306 or Atheros bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some laptops, especially HPs have a setting to automatically disable wireless if a wired connection is detected 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq [http://www.walterswebsite.us/drivers.htm Presario 700 series] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VT8363 VT8365 [Apollo Pro KT133 KM133] || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VT8636A (S3 Savage TwisterK) (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA AC97 [rev50] with AD1886 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|VIA UHCI USB 1.1 [rev1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RealTek RTL8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor consumer grade level construction - jbl audio pro speakers - no support for cardbus pcmcia TI PCI1410 - 700A EA LA UK US Z 701AP EA BR FR 701Z 702US 703US AP JP audio sp18895 Sp19472 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| N400c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Rage Mobility 128 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Maestro 3 allegro 1}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| N410c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Radeon Mobility M7 LW 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| Evo N600c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{No|ESS ES1968 Maestro 2}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Evo N610c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel ICH AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| N800c || P4 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || P4M CPU can get very warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NX7010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI mobility 7500 or 9000 Radeon 9200 64MB (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ADI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci (1.1) and ehci (2.0)}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200b bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Preasrio V5000 (Compal LA-2771) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 3000+ or Turion ML with SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati RS480M Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 ATI with Conexant CX 20468 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8100 8101L 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bcm4318 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit single core machine V5001 V5002 V5002EA V5003 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1100 TC-1100 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia Geforce4 Go || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|BCM 4400}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros wlan W400 W500 or ? bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC6000 NC8000 NW8000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM with Pentium M 1.5 1.6 1.8GHz 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;max 160 GB for NW 8000 || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Ati RV350 mobility 9600 M10 Fire GL T2 ISV use VESA 2D as no laptop display}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel AC97 with ADI codec playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|mini pci Atheros 5212 BG W400 W500 or Intel - all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 based [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=41916&amp;forum=47 works] - Firewire TI TSB43AB22/A - 8 pound 2.5 kg travel weight - an SD slot as well as two PC Card slots - 15-inch UXGA screen (1,600 x 1,200) or 15&quot; SXGA+ (1400 x 1050) (4:3 ratio)  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq NC6110 NX6110 NC6120 NC6220 NC4200 NC8200 TC4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 915GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D GMA 900}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 with ADI AD1981B playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|440x or BCM 5705M or 5751M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel IPW 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Sonoma based - Wifi with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB one - (INVENTEC ASPEN UMA MV) (INVENTEC ASPEN DIS PV) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq C500 CTO aka HP G7000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek ALC262 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM 4311 bios locked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 91B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel PRO 100 VE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32 bit only - Mosfet FDS6679 common cause of shorts giving no power to the tip. To reset adapter, unplug from AC (mains) and wait 15-30 sec. Then plug in again - 
|-
| Presario F700 series, HP G6000 f730us F750 F750us F755US F756NR F765em || AMD Turion Mono MK-36 2.0Ghz NForce 560m or Twin X2 TK-55 with nForce 610m MCP67 || {{N/A| }} || {{Yes|but needs special sata adapt bit and caddy}} || {{Yes|GF Go 7000m 2D and 3D 640x350 to 1280x800 - ball solder issues due to poor cooling}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{Maybe|uhci and ehci boots}} || {{No|Nvidia }} || {{Yes|Atheros AR5007 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.3.1 and Aros One 1.6 USB || 2006 64bit - f9 boot device f10 bios setup - random freezes after a minutes use means internal ventilation maintenance needed each year essential - No sd card and overall limited phoenix bios options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Presario v6604au v6608au V3500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA MCP67M with AMD Athlon64 X2 TK 55 amd 1.8ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce Go 7150M 630i or C67 630M MCP67 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia or Realtek 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4311 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers - ball solder issues - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario v6610 v6615eo v6620us || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Turion 64 X2 mobile TK-55 / 1.8 GHz to athlon 64x2 @ 2.4ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|geforce 7150 or 7300m 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD HD Audio with IDT codec stereo playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 OHCI EHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 -  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=40956&amp;forum=48 works well]  - 1 x ExpressCard/54 - SD Card slot - AO4407 test voltage of the Drain side (pins 5-8) with AC adapter and no battery, see 0 volts, connect the battery you should have 10-14v - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;v6630em v6642em || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630M with AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 6150M or 7150M  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 in 1280 x 800 ( WXGA ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM Core Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D issues and no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio AD1981HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 - replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB g - 
* 32bit Core Duo T2400 
* 64bit Core 2 Duo T5600 T7600 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NV NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo + 945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Radeon x1300M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ADI1981 low volume}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 Harmon Kardon speakers
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6320 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 
* 32bit Core Duo 1.83GHz T2400 
* 64bit Core2 Duo 1.83GHz T5600 
 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950 2D with a little 3D tunnel 213}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with AD1981HD codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5788}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if applying hacked wifi bios RISKY!! else use USB - 14.1&quot; or 15 inch XGA 1024x768 - noisy cpu fan for core2 - trackpad rhs acts as window scroller - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP NC4400 TC4400 Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo with 82945 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios F.07 limits to 100GB 120GB}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|2D and 3D 282 tunnel and gearbox 150}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ADI 1981HD codec via ear phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or BCM 4306 - Whitelist BIOS F.0C needed but risky}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64 bit possible with Core2 - TI SD card reader non bootable - wacom serial digitiser pen not working - 
* 32bit 1.86GHz core duo 
* 64bit 2Ghz T7200, 2.16Ghz Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33GHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion DV2000 CTO || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950, X3100, Nvidia 8400M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Conexant CX 20549 Venice || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia MCP51 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 4311 or Intel 3945 4965 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006  Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario C700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5007 AR5001 AR242x}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq 2510p 6510b 6710b 6910b || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 965GM GL960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|  || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X3100 some 2d but slow software 3d only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio ADI AD1981 HD low volume on head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566 or Broadcom BCM 5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG or 4965ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon 2014 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;no sd card boot support - F9 to choose boot option - [http://forums.mydigitallife.info/threads/7681-This-is-no-request-thread!-HP-COMPAQ-bioses-how-to-modify-the-bios/page111?p=333358#post333358 whitelist removal (risky) bios block for wifi card swap] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ40 CQ41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BC4310 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ35 CQ36 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Compal LA-4743P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq CQ42 CQ43 CQ45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Coxenant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8191SE, Realtek 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; (Quanta AX1) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ50 CQ56 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia MCP78S || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Geforce 8200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;nVidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;nvidia MCP77 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR928X bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 [http://donovan6000.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/insyde-bios-modding-wifi-and-wwan-whitelists.html bios modding risky] MCP72XE MCP72P MCP78U MCP78S 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion dv4 dv4z(AMD), dv5 (dv5z AMD), dv7 (dv7z AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QL-60, QL-62 (AMD Turion 64 X2) RM-70, RM-72, ZM-80, ZM-84, (AMD Turion II) M520 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 3200 3450 4530 4550 4650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit - 14.1&quot; dv4, dv5 features a 15.4&quot; and the HP Pavilion dv7 a 17&quot; display
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ57z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATi HD 6310 wrestler}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101 RTL8102 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT5390}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP CQ58z 103SA E5K15EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD Dual-Core E1-1500 APU with A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon HD 7310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 10/100 BASE-T}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 39.6 cm (15.6&quot;) HD BrightView LED-backlit (1366 x 768)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 635 DM1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-300, E-450 later E2-1800 on SB7x0 SB8x0 SB9x0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;ATI non efi SATA AHCI - IDE mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D - AMD HD6310, 6320 to HD7340}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC270A GR but not Wrestler HDMI Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 driver covers Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 - f9 f10 - external battery - 2 stacked ddr3l sodimm slots max 16Gb under one base plate - removable keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP G6 2000-2b10NR 2000-2d10SX 2000-2d80NR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-2000 E2-3000M on A50M (soldered) A4-3305A on A60M (socket) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6620G, 6520G, 6480G, 6380G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 100 1000 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 39.6-cm (15.6-in) HD LED BrightView (1366×768) - 1 or 2 ddr3l max 8G - 19VDC 3.42A Max 65W Tip 7.4mm x 5.0mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6465B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3310MX or A6-3410MX with A60M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6480G or 6520G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|IDT 92HD81B1X}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 6205 or broadcom 4313 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 13-inch or 14-inch runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6475b, Probook 4445s 4545s, HP Pavilion 15-b115sa, [https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c04015674#AbT6 HP mt41 Mobile Thin Client PC] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4 4300M, A6 4400M 4455M or A8 4500M with AMD A70M A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420 7520G 7640G 7660G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with idt or realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8151FH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205 or Broadcom BCM 43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit 15.6-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 455 G1 F2P93UT#ABA, 645 G1, Envy 15-j151ea G7V80EA, Envy m6-1310sa (E4R01EA#ABU) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Quad A4-4300M A8-4500M A10-4600M A4-5150M A6-5350M 2.9Ghz A10-5750M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420G 7520G 7640G 7660G 8350G 8450G or 8550G, 8650G, 8750G }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio IDT 92HD91 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14in and 15in 1366 x 768 - external battery - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - 19.5v / 4.62A psu runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 245 G4, 255 G1, 255 G2, 455 G2, 255 G3, 255 G4 80CB, 255 G5 82F6, 355 G2, HP Pavilion 15-p038na 15-g092sa 15-p091sa 15-G094S 15-p144na 15-p142na, 15-Af156sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD A4-5000 A6-5200, E2-6110, E1-6010 E2-2000, E1-2100 E2-3800, A4-6210 A6-6310 A8-6410, E2-7110, A6-7310 A8-7410 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC3201-GR || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8102E or Atheros 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6-inch (1366 x 768) - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - small 31Whr or 41Whr external battery covers 240 G4, 245 G4, 250 G4, 255 G4, 256 G4, 14G, 15G - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 g2, Probook 445 G2, Probook 245 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8600 A8-8700 a10- || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I219V 100/1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in and 15.6-inch HD (1366 x 768) or FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16GB - internal battery - hp ac psu tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G2, 745 G2, 755 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd Quad A6-7050B A8-7150B 1.9GHz A10-7350B || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R4 R5 Radeon R6 with DP and vga}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT 92HD91}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 PCIe GBE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom or Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch, 14&quot; or 15.6in (all 1366 x 768) - 19.5V 65w 45W AC adapter - internal pull up tab battery under base which slides off - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G3, 745 G3, 755 G3, 725 G4, 745 G4, 755 G4, HP mt43 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd A8-8600B, A10-8700B, A12-8800B to Quad A8 Pro 9600B to A10 9800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R5 R6 R7 with DP and vga but screen is low res, dull colours, and blurry}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5762 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BE-VB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5-inch (1366 x 768) to 14&quot; and 15.6in - 2 sodimm ddr3 - 19.5V 45W AC slim 4.5mm hp adapter - randomly shuts down and the noisy fans constantly on - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G3, 655 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8th Gen A10-8730B, A8-9600B (4c4t) A6-8530B (2c2t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111HSH || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G4, Probook 455 G5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-9600P APU, A9-9410, A6-9210 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4, R5 or R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;realtek or intel Wireless-AC 7265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220, 9125 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV or RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 31Whr external battery covers HP 240 G6, 245 G6, 246 G6, 250 G6, 255 G6, HP 14-BS, HP 14-BW, HP 15-BS - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ProBook 245 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range all dual cores - AMD A6-9225 APU, AMD A4-9125 APU, AMD PRO A6-8350B APU, AMD PRO A4-5350B APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R4 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - many variants - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Pavilion 15z bw0xxx, 15-bw024na 15-ba506na, 15-bw060na 15-DB0521SA, HP Envy x360 15-ar052sa 2 in 1,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9420 2c 2t, A10-9620p 4c4t 9700p 7th Gen Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p - internal battery - 19.5V 2.31A hp plug - 1 DDR4-1866 SDRAM sodimm slot - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 725 G5, 735 G5, 745 G5, 755 G5, Probook 455 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata or NVMe and/or 2.5in sata if detachable ribbon cable present || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8 i.e. GCN 5 with VCN 1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek or rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in up to 1080p - internal battery - 1 (smaller laptops) or 2 ddr4 sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - probook case extra screws under 2 rubber strips - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - esc bios setup f9 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Envy x360 15-bq150sa, Envy x360 covertible 13 13-ag0xxx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek, none on 13in}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 13 or 15.6in 1080p - hp barrel or usb-c on 13in - ddr4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-cm, 15-bw0, HP 15-db0043na, HP 15-db0996na, HP 15-db0997na, 17-ca0007na, 17-ca1, ProBook 645 G4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2200U (2c 4t) 2500U (4c 8t) with AMD Carrizo FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 and 1 2.5in on some larger models || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 and later Vega 3 or 7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3227 and ATI HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 USB boot drive stuck on kitty's eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL 8723DE 8821 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 2kg - screen is dim 14in, 15.6in or 17.3&quot; 1366 x 768, later 1080p - 65W 19.5V ac adapter - internal 3-cell 41 Wh Li-ion battery does not last long - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - no DVD-Writer - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c06955717 ProBook 245 g8], HP 255 G7, HP14-dk0599sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range mostly dual cores - AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c 2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c 2t), Pro 3145U APU to 3200U (2c 4t) and 3500U (4c 8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 NVMe 2280 but usually no 2.5in mountings || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 but no usb-c}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - many lesser variants - plastic build - 14in / 15.6in dim panel TN Full HD - one heatpipe for cpu - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 735 G6 5VA23AV, Elitebook 745 G6, 255 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 5-3500U Ryzen 3-3300U AMD Ryzen 3-3250U AMD Athlon® Gold 3150U AMD Athlon Silver 3050U AMD 3020e || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|m.2 2280 nvme in legacy - hp sure start and secure boot disabled but still issues with gpt installs}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 8, 5 or 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 type-A port boots stick partially to kitty eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 realtek RTL8111E or 8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek or intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|Icaros 2.3 onto USB and AROS One 1.8 and 2.0 USB}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 1366x768 to 1920x1080 - 2 3200MHz DDR4 sodimms - 19.5V 2.31A or 20V 2.25 45W 4.5X3.0MM hp - esc bios setup, f9 boot device select - low travel keyboard - poor battery life - plastic hooked base with retained screws - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Envy x360 13 laptop and 13 and 15.6' 2 in 1 convertible || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R5 4500U with carrizo FCH51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek wifi 6 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 13.3in or 15.6in IPS 1080p - ram soldered - touch pen not supplied - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 4300U 5 4500U 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata and 1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl169 realtek rtl8111ep || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek RTL8822CE or intel AC 9260 or Wi-Fi 6 AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 inch 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - smart 45w 65w hp usbc ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 745 G7, 845 G7, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5, PRO 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit -  Bang &amp; Olufsen speakers - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G8, HP 245 G9 Laptop || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 5425U, 5 5500U 5625U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6 or 8 hdmi 1.4B}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 1GBe}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822CE or Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14&quot; to 15.6in 1366 x 768 to 1080p poor gamut - 45 or 65w hp psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16GB - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 645 g7, 835 G8, 845 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5650U, R7 Pro 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1Gbe on 645 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 13.3&quot; or 14&quot; 1080p - poor screens low nits and srgb score - 845 gets hot poor cooling - slim round ac -  keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Dev One || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R7 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 internal sodimm slots - hp barrel ac - good repairability - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 845 g9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;aMD 6000 series 6850u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 680m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB4 thunderbolt type}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit aluminum case - 14in 1080p to 2140p 16:10 poor screen again - 2 internal ddr5 sodimm slots - usb-c ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====IBM/Lenovo====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
iSeries
Edge 
Ideapad
Thinkpad - good cases and construction but electronic internals same as anyone else 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 390X 390E (2626) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic MM2200 with C400 P2-266 to P3 500MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|256AV or ESS Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 600x || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neomagic NM2360 MagicMedia 256ZX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Crystal CS4297A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit a little support - earlier 600 and 600e were Pentium 2 based 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X20 (2662-32U) X21 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440 BX ZX DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 with Cirrus Logic Crystal cs4281}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;no mini pci intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T20 (2647) T21 (26) T22 || 440BX || {{Maybe| }} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|Savage IX-MV (VESA only)}} || {{no|Cirrus Logic CS 4614/22/ 24/30}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || a little support - no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A21e (2628, 2655) A22e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440MX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati rage mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 Cs4299 CS4229}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 
|-
| Thinkpad T23 (2647) || i810 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Super Savage IX/C SDR (VESA only)}} || {{maybe|AC'97 CS4299}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel ICH3 PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Realtek RTL8180L others with bios hacking risky}} || || 2003 32bit with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X22 X23 X24 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi Mobility M6 LY || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 CS4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Actiontec Harris Semi Intersil Prism 2.5 (X23 and X24 only) || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;with slice Ultrabase X2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A30 A30p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon M6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS 4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 ve || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A31 A31p R31 R32 T30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7500 or FireGL || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 Intel with AD1881A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes| Intel Pro 100 ve}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Android-Ecosystem-Developers/AROS-An-operation-system-inside-Android/td-p/1441741 Icaros 1.5.2] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Also tested with Icaros 2.0.3. 
|-
| Thinkpad X30 (2673) X31 (2884-xx2) X31t || i830 || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only Radeon M6 Mobility}} || {{yes|AC97 - AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{no|Cisco Aironet or Intel 2915 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 1.4 || sound bit distorted 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R50e R51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 855M use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;intel AC97 with AD1981B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - 
|-
| IBM Thinkpad T40 (2373) T41 T41p (2379) T42 T42p T43 T43p || Intel 8xx || {{partial|PIO}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI mobility 7500 9000 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 playback}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{no|e1000}} || {{Maybe|Intel 2200bg bios locked but possible AR5BMB-44 AR5212 FRU 39T0081 mini PCI}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2004 32bit 16v IBM plug - Centrino Needs ATA=nodma option - issues with the inner chip of the SMT BGA graphics chip 
|-
| Thinkpad X32 || i855 || {{yes|40, 60 or 80GB 2.5&quot; PATA HDD}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only ATI Mobility Radeon 7000 with 16MB}} || {{maybe| Intel AC'97 Audio with a AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Intel 1000}} || {{no|Intel 2200 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 2.1 || 2004 32bit - 12.1&quot; TFT display with 1024x768 resolution; 256 or 512MB PC2700 memory standard (2GB max) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X40 X40t by Quanta || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel 800 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel but most atheros with bios hacking - difficult though}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit last IBM design 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X41 (IBM) MT 1864 1865 2525 2526 2527 2528 x41t (Lenovo) MT 1866 1867 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with single core 1.5 1.6 and tablet 1.2GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel or MiniPCI Wi-Fi Atheros AR5BMB FRU 39T0081 but ordinary atheros 54meg needs risky bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - amongst first Lenovo design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 (most 18xx) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1870 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATi 200m  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|ATI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T60 T60P 
* 64bit - 6 or 8 is 16:10 on T60/p, eg. 8742-CTO 15.4&quot; 
* 32bit - 1 and 2 are 14&quot;, 15&quot; 4:3, like 2007-YM3 or 1952-CTO 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;*any* T60/p will take a Core 2 Duo CPU with newer BIOS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA (2D) with &quot;p&quot; graphics card (ATi V5200 or V5250) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel ipw3945 ABG but atheros with Middleton's or Zender BIOS hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X60 x60s x60t tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1981 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 ABG or fru 39T5578 Atheros 5K AR5BXB6 ar5007eg with bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Icaros 1.4 || 2006 32bit - perhaps needs a zendered bios update but risky 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R60 R60e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 950 with optional radeon x1300 x1400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with 1981HD codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 3945 or atheros fru 39T5578 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T61 T61p without Middleton's or Zender BIOS || Core 2 Duo CPU T7300 T8300 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || Intel GMA (2D), NVS 140m or Quadro FX 570M () || {{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || {{No|Intel but atheros with bios hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.6 || 2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X61 x61s X61T Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3100 (2D) slow 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1984 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;82566DM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|Atheros AR5212 (some revisions use Intel WLAN runs very hot) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2007 64bit possible &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit ultrabook running very hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R61 R61i || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5787M || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|Geforce 7300 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2007 64bit 3D graphics parts are supported but buggy.
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 / V200 || GM965 ICH9-M with Intel Mobile Core 2 Duo T5450 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|X3100 (2D)}} || {{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269VB or CX20549}} || {{yes| }} || {{no|BCM5906M}} || {{no|Intel 3965 / 4965AGN bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4.1 2.1 || bits of laptop works 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Merom SL7100 1.2GHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 4965 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;13.3&quot; TFT 1440x900 (WXGA+) with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X301 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Penryn SU9400 Su9600 with GM45 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch micro SATA (uSATA) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X4500}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5xxx WiFi link 5100, 5150, 5300 and 5350 (WiMAX) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 WXGA+ (1440×900) LED backlight display -  2774 or 4057 Alps and 2776 Synaptics touchpad - optical bay interface is Legacy IDE (PATA) - Addonics ADMS18SA, Lycom ST-170m 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge 11″ AMD K325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for ATI HD4200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{{{maybe|}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|8192CE (Realtek 8176) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X100e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Neo Single-Core (MV-40) and dual cores || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|2.5in tray in ide mode in bios}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa ATI HD3200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with CX20582 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek r8192se bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 11.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v 65W round barrel - enter f1 setup f11 diagnostics f12 boot list - runs very warm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL400 SL500 || Intel  || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|IDE mode}} || {{Maybe|Nvidia 9400M}} || {{Maybe|ALC269}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{Maybe|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} ||  || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL410 SL510 || 965  || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA X4500M (some 2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC269 codec - speaker and ear phones}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{yes|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} || [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=645774&amp;postcount=28 Icaros 1.3] || SL-410 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400 ODM Wistron || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d - optional switchable Nvidia or ATi HD3470 untested}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Codec CX20561 (T400)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 20v lenovo plug - non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VSEA for Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with CX20585}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T500 T510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for switchable Intel / AMD  HD 3640}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|Intel HD Audio with a CX20561 (t500) and CX20585 (T510) codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Lenovo branded unit Atheros AR5007EG AR5BHB63 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X200 ODM Wistron [http://itgen.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/installing-arch-linux-on-lenovo.html X200s] and x200t tablet model without [http://fsfe.soup.io/post/590865884/the-unconventionals-blog-English-Flashing-Libreboot-on Risky flash of the Libreboot BIOS] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM45 GS45 with slow Celeron, SU or faster SL Core 2 Duos CPUs || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe||Intel GMA 4500 MHD 2D but slow software 3D tunnel 10 gearbox 8 tests}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD Audio with Conexant CX20561 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{{Yes|USB 2.0 USB SD card reads and writes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82567LM Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Pro 5100 5150 5300 5350 AGN due to whitelist prevention bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 12.1&quot; CCFL (webcam version) or LED backlit (no webcam). no support for 54mm express cards or Authentec 2810 fingerprint reader - thinkpoint only no trackpad - thinklight - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T410 T410s T410si || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;qm57 with i5 m || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use vesa Intel 5700MHD (Ironlake) core processor igp with optional Nvidia Quadro NVS 3100M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio Conexant CX20585 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82577lm gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel n 6200 or Atheros AR9280 AR5BHB92 half size minipcie detected bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 xmas || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit battery life much lower with Nvidia graphics version - no support firewire ricoh r5c832 - ricoh sd card - series 5 3400  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X201 X201s x201t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM57 Core i3 370m, i5 M520 2.4GHz or i7 620LM 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d on Intel GMA HD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD with [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=94.0 Conexant 20585] codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 X201 arrandale power consumption limits battery life to 3-4 hours for 48Whr though to 6 on 72Whr - 12.5&quot; WXGA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T420 type 4180 4236 t420s  T520 4239 L520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 2540, 2520 or i7 2860QM 2620 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 136 x 768 - Intel HD 3000 with optional NVS 4200M Nvidia optimus or Radeon HD 565v }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only with Conexant CX20672 codec - AHI 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 1x1, Intel Ultimate-N 6205 6250 2x2 6300 3x3 all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit add noacpi to grub boot options - screen 1600x900 or 1366x768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 3000 with nvidia quadro 1000m 2000m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel Hd with CX 20585 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579 Lm}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000s}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;optimus issues with Nvidia Intel hybrids unless bumblebee switching - 15.6&quot; TFT display with 1366x768 (HD), 1600x900 (HD+) or 1920x1080 (FHD) resolution with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X220 x220t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM67 express, dual i5 2520M or i7 dual 2620M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D 1024 x 768 for Intel HD Graphics 3000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD playback with Conexant 20672 codec ear phones and speaker - AHI 6.27 6.34}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 Wi-Fi bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3, Aros One USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit possible - uses slimmer 7 mm storage sata devices - NEC USB 3.0 on i7's no support - unwanted trackpad gestures when palm rests on it - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X120e, x121e Quanta FL8A DAFL8AMB8D0 Rev D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 with slow AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;yes || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATI 0x9802}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI SBx00 Azalia HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8169 RTL8111  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 0x0576 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 11.6 inch screen - 1 inch think - chiclet keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S205 G575 G585 E325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-350 later E-450 with A75 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit removeable and plug in battery - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S206 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E300 1.3GHZ Dual || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with CX20672 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 11.6&quot; and integrated battery - Conexant® 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo x130e or x131e edu || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 or E-450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon HD 6310 or 6320 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio Realtek ALC269VC / ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB 30 and USB 20}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 RTL8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE or Broadcom BCM43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit rubber edged bumper for K12 education market - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T430 t430i T530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ivy bridge i5 3320 3230m on Intel QM77 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1366 x 768 for Intel HD 4000 with optional Nvidia 5400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 aka ALC269VC codec playback ear head phones - HDA 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2 ports and usb2.0 devices thru usb 3.0 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Atheros AR9285 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit fan noise and chiclet keyboard, synaptics trackpad - HD+ 1600x900 screen or normal 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad L430 L530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC269VC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 rtl810x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 6205 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit alps trackpad - vkeyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000 with Nvidia GK107GLM Quadro K2000M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 ALC269VC codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82579LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ricoh sdxc slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X230 x230t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel QM67 express i5 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with ALC269 aka ALC3202}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 12.2 in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T440 t440s t440p T540 L440 L540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel haswell 8 series Core i3 to i7  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA - Intel 4600 or Nvidia}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek ALC3232 alc269 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.0 and 2 usb 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 14 and 15&quot; models with glitchy trackpad and no physical buttons - IPS options available - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X240 x240t ultrabook TN (20AL0081GE), HD IPS display without touch (20AL007NGE) and touch (20AL0076GE) but all 65% sRGB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;haswell i7-4600U i5 4200U 4210U 4300U i3-4100U - two batteries, one internal 3cell 45N1110 (45N1111) or 45N1112 (FRU 45N1113) and external 3 / 6cell  45N1126 (FRU 45N1127) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in 7mm sata (torq t7), m.2 2242 in WWAN slot (m and b key NGFF Sata) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4400 for vga or mini-dp}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086 0x0a0c 0x9c20 with Realtek ALC3232 aka ALC292 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel® 82577LM Gigabit (Hanksville) }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel 7260n I218-V or I218-LM bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 12.2in 1366 x 768 or 1080p - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - no keyboard spill drainage and removal of all components to replace - lenovo rectangle pwr ac - TPM 1.2 - Bluetooth 4.0 no support - large touchpad with integrated but no physical buttons - bottom panel loosening 8 retained screws - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T450 T450s t450p T550 L550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i5 4300U i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5500U 5600U soldered || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 5500 5600 with optional nvidia 940M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD Audio with ALC3232 codec Realtek ALC3232 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wireless AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14&quot; 1366 x 768, 1600 x 900 or IPS 1920x1080 - Broadwell - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad x250 x250t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|2.5in 7mm or m.2 2242 sata (m and b key)}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek ALC3232 codec / Intel HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|up to 3 USB 3.0 partly boots from usb but stops waiting for usb}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I218 extension port}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 1366 x 768, 1920 × 1080 12.5&quot; screen - Fn and F1 for setup bios - F12 boot options - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Conexant CX20751-21Z codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111gus}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Wireless-N 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 1376 x 786 - plastic construction - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E135 E335 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd dual E-300, E2-1800 or E2-2000 slow atom like A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|SATA 3.0Gb/s 2.5&quot; wide 7mm high}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA radeon 6310 or 7340 vga or hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb3, 1 powered usb2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111f}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek WLAN whitelist bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6 inch to 13.3in 1366x768 - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic case - external battery - 20v 65w lenovo barrel ac - 2 ddr3 sodimm 8Gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x140e E145 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1 2500 dual or A4 5000 apu quad BGA769 (FT3) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8260 or 8330}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek ALC269VC aka ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111F or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE 11b/g/n  or FRU Intel version}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6&quot; 1366x768, non-glare and Broadcom bluetooth - education student market rugged model - both CPUs soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E525 E535 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3420M A8-3500M later A8-4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6620G later 7640G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB2 but not usb3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 matt - 65W 20v lenovo round psu - thick desktop replacement - ThinkPad Edge E520 E520S E525 E530 E545 E535 E530C Laptop Keyboard swap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E545 
* key cap swap with E440 E531 E540 L440 L450 T431S T440S T440P T540 
* Keyboard swap L540 T540p W540 Edge E531 E540 W541 T550 W550S L560 P50S T560 04Y2426 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Socket FS1r2 A6-5350M (2c2t) or A8-4500M, A8-5550M, A10-5750M (4c4t) with A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5 inch 7mm 9.5mm bios config, sata into compatibility and security, secure boot disabled || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 7640G, 8450G, 8550G, 8650G Northern Islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VOID 6.3 for HDAudio Conexant CX20590 Analog, CX20671 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|boots pen drives but USB3 no}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 1GbE 8111F}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM43142 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 matt heavy desktop replacement - 20v 65w 90w round lenovo plug psu - 2 DDR3 SODIMM slots stacked up to 16GB Max - external 6 Cell Li-Ion Battery 48Wh - removable mini sata DVD burner - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery in wifi area jp1202 - noacpi grub2
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo G505s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8 5550M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 8550M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 15D 20334 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 5200, e1 2100,  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8169 rtl810x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k whitelist for wifi swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo B50-45, G50-45 80E3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 (2c), A6-6400 (2c), AMD A8 (4c), AMD A4-6300 (2c), AMD E2-6200 (2c), AMD E1-6050 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E455 E555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7000 A8-7100 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - 2 DDR3L slots max 16G - no TPM - keyboard swap - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z40-75 Z50-75 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-7300 4c 4t || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R6 6CUs}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - heavy - external battery - slim box lenovo ac - dvdrw - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;lenovo yoga 510-14ast 8059,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-9210 A9-9410 and Intel Xeon E3-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 45w 20v round barrel 4.0 * 1.7mm fits Yoga 310 510 520 710 - Harman Audio - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;V110-15AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v lenovo slim box ac - keyboard repair / swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E465 E565 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8500P 8600P A8-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 to 1080p IPS - Polycarbonate, ABS Plastic shell casing - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*ThinkPad A275 12in (1 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) 
*Thinkpad A475 14in (2 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) - both internal (main) and external (secondary) battery 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-8730B A10-9700B 2.500Ghz later A12-8830B A12-9800B (all 4c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Sata3 port for 7mm 2.5in ssd hdd but only after setup in other machines - WWAN slot cannot use M.2 2242 sata with M and B key}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5 or R7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi with ALC3268 codec - VOID even with QUERY / QUERYD added}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 bios startup set to legacy, starts to boot pendrives but stops, usb mouse not detected}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV, shell pinging google.com works but apps like OWB start when copied to RAM: and run from there}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE WLAN whitelist locked cannot swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|AROSOne USB 1.8 with noacpi added to grub2 line then waiting for bootable media (kitty eyes)}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 12 or 14in 1366 x 768 poor screen - 45W or 65w lenovo rectangle ac adapter - F1 enter bios and F12 boot order - 6 retained screws and snap on base - secure boot disabled - keyboard swap not easy - 2100 error message no solution except using only efi/gpt bios option - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo LAPTOP V145-15AST Ideapad V145 81mt, Ideapad 310, Ideapad 320-15ABR, 330-14AST 330-15AST 330-17AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V330-14ARR 81B1, Ideapad 330s 15ARR,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8 GCN5 with VCN1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE but not on 330s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - battery internal about 30whr - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E485 E585 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2300U R5 2500U R7 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 - USB-C 20V 2.25A or 3.25A charger - 1ddr4 sodimm slot - internal battery only - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A285 A485 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata port and m.2 sata ngff port || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - usb-c charging - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - internal and external battery - watch for bios setting [https://github.com/PSPReverse/PSPTool AMD PSP Platform Security Processor Key] - WWAN whitelist - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga 530-14ARR 81H9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E15 Gen 2 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 15.6in - TPM 2.0 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad C340-13AP1, IdeaPad S340-14API C340-14API || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 3200U, R5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 13in convertible - 14&quot; laptop - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V14-ADA, V15-ADA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3150U, 3250U, Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - internal battery - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E495, Lenovo V155 81V5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 3200U r5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3 or 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek or Qualcomm || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - ddr4 soldered with 1 dimm slot - 20v small round ac jack - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad L340 81LW001CUS PC IdeaPad S540-14API  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8822BE AC (1×1)}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T295 T495 T495s X395 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC328 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111EP not on slim T495s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in 1366 x 768 to FHD 1080p - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb soldered with 1 ddr4 slot on T495 only - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad T14, Lenovo L14 Gen 1 AMD,   || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U 1.7GHz, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - universal USB-C charger - 14&quot; 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen1 AMD version || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 4450U, 5 4650U or 7 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One drive, up to 512GB M.2 2242 SSD or 1TB M.2 2280 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA Radeon}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111EPV, mini RJ-45 to RJ-45 via optional ThinkPad Ethernet Extension Adapter Gen 2 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek Wi-Fi 6 RTL8852AE,  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 13.3&quot; HD 1366x768 to 1080p - USB-C psu - Memory soldered to systemboard, no slots, dual-channel DDR4-3200 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 5 14ARE05 (81YM) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 4300U 4500u 4700u on AMD Promontory/Bixby FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x M.2 2242 slot and 1x M.2 2280 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6 hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel ax200 wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 14in and 15.6 inch mid srgb display - usb-c psu - ram soldered non-upgrade - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 5 81X2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R5 4500u, R7 4800U, R3 5300 R5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek ac wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit abs plastic case 14in convertible 1080p touch low nits - 65w usb-c psu ac - possible wacom esr note taking pen supplied - ram soldered DDR4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Samsung====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-Q1 Q1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron-M 353 ULV 600Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1.8&quot; SFF HDD 20 / 60 GB }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D opengl1 tunnel 95 gearbox 68}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec - head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Yes|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit old style tablet UltraMobile PC UMPC - Wacom serial resistive pen or finger no support - 1 sodimm ddr2 max 1Gb - LCD 7&quot; WVGA (800 x 480) - CompactFlash port Type II - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP Q1U Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Q1F NP-Q1-F000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel A100 600 / A110 Stealey 800 MHz CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D and 3D opengl1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 1986}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 1024×600 - sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP P500 family P500Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Ati x1250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| Audio with  codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8039 yukon}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit possible - 15.4 tft display - cheap plastic okay build - 19v propriety end - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R505 R510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R520 R522 R610H R620 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Mobile Core i3 Intel PM45 82801M ICH9-M|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4650 (RV730)  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC272  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 88E8057 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR5007EG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit possible 
|-
| NP-R530 ||  || {{N/A}} || {{partial|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Marvell}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung R730 17.3 Essential Notebook NP-R730-JA02UK, NP-R730-JA01SE, R730-JT06 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM55 Dual Core T4300 i3-370M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4500MHD and GeForce G 310M with 1 VGA, 1 HDMI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio ALC??? codec Realtek}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell Yukon 88E8059 PCI-E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom, Intel or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods ISO 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit - 17.3in HD 1280 x 720 pixels low contrast or some 1600x900 - 2 DDR3 sodimm slots - 2.84 kg 6.26 lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Samsung-305U1A-A01DE-Subnotebook.68246.0.html Series 3 Samsung 305u1a] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Zacate E350 or E450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC ACL 269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4313 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-RV415 NP-RV515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 or E450 plus A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 6470 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series 5 NP535U3C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4455M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow - 13.3in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;series 3 NP355V5C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4400M, A8-4500M, A10-4600M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;7640M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.4in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung ATIV Book 9 Lite NP905S3G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-1450 quad 1GHz Temash atom like || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;128gb || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8250 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek rtl8169 but only with mini LAN AA-AE2N12B Ethernet Adapter RJ45 dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9565 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 13.3 TN glossy 1366 x 768 200nits 60% srgb - plastic case - 26W battery built in with 4hr life - 19V 2.1A 3.0*1.0mm psu - 1 ddr3l slot max 4gb - 720p webcam - mini hdmi out - 1w speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of Build Quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Equium 
Satellite (Pro) 
Libretto 
Portege
Tecra
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Tecra 8100 8200 9000 || 440BX || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Savage MX 3D (VESA only)}} || {{no|Yamaha DS-XG ymf744 ymf-754}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{N/A}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.5 || little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra 9100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;810 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|S3 Savage IX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ymf754}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;eeee pro100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PSU Adapter For Toshiba Tecra 9000 9100 A1 A10 A11 A3 A3X A4 A5 A7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M9 R10 S1 series 75 Watt 15V 5A
|-
| [http://tuxmobil.org/toshiba_sp4600.html Satellite Pro 4600] || i810 || IDE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Trident Cyber Blade XP (VESA only)}} || {{no|YAMAHA DS-XG AC97 ymf754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel e100}} || {{no|Agere (internal PCMCIA)}} || || little support 
|-
| Satellite 2805 S603 || Intel 815 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|nVidia GeForce2 Go}} || {{no|Yamaha Corp YMF 754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100}} || {{dunno}} || || little support
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A10 S167 S1291 - A15 A20 A25 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GM or Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 2100, Agere or Atheros PA3399U 1MPC minipci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a few models came with antenna leads 
|-
| Satellite [http://eu.computers.toshiba-europe.com/innovation/jsp/SUPPORTSECTION/discontinuedProductPage.do?service=EU&amp;com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&amp;PRODUCT_ID=76230 A30-714] || P4-M / 82845 i845 || {{yes|82801}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|RTL8139}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || nice laptop, drawbacks: heavy, really hot (P4-3.06 GHz!!) - A30 (EU) A33 (Australian) A35 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A40 A45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - A40 S161 A40-S1611 A40-2701, A45-S120 A45-S1201 S130 S1301 S1501  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a50 A55 a60-s156 Equium A60 PSA67E A65 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A70 A75-S206 A80 A85-S107 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron-M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| Toshiba Satellite Pro M30 || intel 855 || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma option}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100 VE}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.5 || nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Portege M300 - M200 tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855GM with 1.2GHz Pentium M 753 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d only - tablet with nvidia 5200 go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra M2 M2-S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855P Pentium-M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nvidia fx go5200 32mb or 64mb agp || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Pro || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - PSU 15V 5A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L20 267 (PSL2YE PSL2XE) PSL25E L30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 370 1.4 1.5GHz, 1.73Ghz with RC410M SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati x200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-490297-start-0.html ALC861]}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Boots usb sticks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8139 Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros mini-pci should work maybe not working with ATi chipset or need to swap??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 14&quot; pioneer dvd-rw - 19v 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L30 PSL30E L33 PSL33E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 or ATi RC410 x200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 AD1981B or HD Audio ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;L30 PSL30L 101 PSL33E 113 115 134 00M019 - 
|-
| Satellite Pro M40 313 psm44e || AMD with Ati || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|}} || {{maybe|atheros askey ar5bmb5 mini pci}} || || 2005 32bit - nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L40 PSL40E PSL40L, PSL43E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with  U7700 1.3GHz ULV || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only -  - 12X 13G 139 14B 143 15J 19O  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L45 PSL40U S7409 S2416 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Celeron M 440 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia G72M Quadro NVS 110M GeForce Go 7300 / Ati (PSAA3E)|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC861 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A110 159 (PSAB0), Equium A110 (PSAB2E), Satellite A110 233 (PSAB6),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8136 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 PSAC0 PSAC1 PSAC1E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo GMA 950 to T2300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 or AC97 AD1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt;UHCI EHCI  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros Ar5001 or Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15V 4A charger - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo ATi RS480 + SB450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - ATI RC410 Radeon Xpress 200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OCHI UHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Atheros Ar5001 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15v 5a proprietary charger needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite A130 PSAD6U || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;ST1311 s1311 ST1312 S2276 S2386  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A135 S2686 (Compal LA 3391P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;S2246 S2346 S2256 S4477 S4666 S4827  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A200 PSAE1E (Inventec MW10M) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M with 945GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio ALC862}}|| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000 - FN,F5 or FN,F8 or switch}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Excellent 32 bit support! - Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz or Pentium® Core Duo T2130 1.86 GHz - make sure that your WLAN card is enabled, do this using the hardware switch and FN+F8 key combination 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; A210, Satellite A215 AMD (Inventec 10A) S5808 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati with SB690 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA HD2600 Mobility M76}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC268 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;A215-S7422 A215-S7472 A215-S4697 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62036 A215 S4757] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati X1200 with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra A10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel WiFi Link 5100}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L35 - L40 PSL48E - L45 S7423 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GL960 with Intel Celeron || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|X3100 some 2D but software 3d tunnel 9 gearbox 4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC660 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|REALTEK 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8187b replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1,73Ghz  M 520 or M 540 or Dual T2310 (1.46 GHz)  T2330 (1.6 GHz) - 14H 14N 15B 17H 17K 17R 17S 18Z - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a300 - inventec potomac 10s pt10s A300D 21H || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio - Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite L300D-224 PSLC8E PSLC9E, l305 (inventec ps10s) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD M780 with Turion RM70 or QL-64 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Radeon 3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC268}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros G XB63L or Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros Dekstop Live 2.3 AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Wireless-handler crashing when using Atheros-Wireless-Card
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l300-1bw PSLBDE-005005AR, L300-148 PSLB0E, l300-20D PSLB8E-06Q007EN, l300-294 L300-23L PSLB9E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel GM45 + PGA478 socket Celeron 900, Pentium T1600, T2390, T3400 (Socket P) to Core2 Duo T6400 T6670 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{unk|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{unk|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Intel gma 4500M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC???}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{unk|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{unk|rtl8169 Realtek 810xE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64-bit  - new unfamiliar Bios called insyde H20 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l350d || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon (tm) X2 QL-60 + RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8187b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L450 12 13 14 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron, 2.1GHz with AMD RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3200 (based on HD 2400) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8172 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;12X 13P 13X 14V PSLY6E00C006EN 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L450 (Compal LA-5821P) 179 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel celeron 900 2.20 Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 4500m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101 /2 /6E PCI Express Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RTL8191 SEvB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;39.6cm (15.6”) Toshiba TruBrite® HD TFT High Brightness display with 16:9 aspect ratio internal resolution 1366 x 768 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L755D (E-350) L750D (E-450) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6310 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro SP C640 C660D-15X (PSC1YE) C670D- () || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6310G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC259 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 zacate 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite C660D-19X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;r8169 rtl8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188 8192ce rtl8192ce  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;C70D-A C75D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HA Audio CX20751 11Z || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8162 alx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8188e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite Pro C40D-A C50D-A C55D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E1 2100 or faster A4 5000 kabini || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC269Q || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8162}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188EE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite S50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-5745M (4c4t), A8-5545M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8550M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 2.38kg and 24mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite C50DT-B-107 PSCN6E M50DT-A-210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 A6-5200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R3 R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 15.6 Inch Touchscreen 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L50D-C-13G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P 6th Gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sharp formerly 80% Toshiba Computers || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;dynabook formerly 20% Toshiba PC, Satellite Pro C40D C50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel i? or AMD Ryzen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in and 15.6in - ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Misc====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Time 500 Packard Bell EasyOne 1450 1550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-3 500Mhz + VIA MVP4 vt82c686a || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|Issues}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 3058 with wolfson  codec WM9703 WM9704 WM9707 WM9708 or WM9717}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 3038 2 ports USB 1.1 untested || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit grub runs but stalls around [PCI] Everything OK 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX201/FX202 FX210/FX215 FX401/FX402 FX404/FX405 972M, FX501/FX502 FX504/FX505, FX601/FX602, FX604/FX605 FXA53(US), FX701/FX702, FX704/FX705, FX801/FX802 FX804/FX805 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;[http://gaugusch.at/vaio/ FX] [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/FX210/ Sony Yahoo Group] VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|UHCI [rev 1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive from Plop Boot Loader floppy (no bios USB boot). Can freeze coz hardware issue or a ram slot problem - no support for iLink firewire VT8363/8365 pci - vt82c686b 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX100 R505LE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i815 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA Intel 82815 CGC || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel ICH AC97 with ADI AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PCG-FX105 FX105K PCG-FX108 FX108K PCG-FX109 FX109K FX200 FX203/FX203K FX205 FX205K FX209 FX209K FX220 [http://juljas.net/linux/vaiofx240/ FX240] FX250 FX270 FX290 FX301 FX302 FX340 FX370 FX390 FX403 FX503 FX950
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Sony [http://www.trustedreviews.com/laptops/review/2004/06/03/Sony-VAIO-VGN-X505VP-Ultra-Slim-Notebook/p1 VAIO VGN X505VP] || Pentium M ULV and Intel 855GM || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Intel 855 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{N/A}} || || 2004 32bit - 0.38 inches at its thinnest point - first laptop to feature a &quot;chiclet&quot; keyboard resemble Chiclets gum - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Z505LE Z505JE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Rage Mobility M1 AGP mach64 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;no Yamaha DS-XG PCI YMF744 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 8255x based PCI e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-18 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma for i915}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SigmaTel}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel swap for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' D02 test || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-29 CF-30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SigmaTel || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139C || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Microstar PR210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi RS690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio through speaker / head phones but not hdmi}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR242x AR542x aw-ge780 mini pci-e || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - ENE PCI based SD card with no bios boot option 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advent 7106 EAA-88 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.7GHz with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D tunnel 187 gearbox 67}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 Intel ICH6 with Conexant Cx20468 31 codec playback head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG Fn/F2 replaced with atheros mini pci in small base panel - startup errors in wireless manager}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; cheap rubbish sadly - fan noise through audio channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Motion Computing LE1600 PC Slate || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 SigmaTel STAC9758 9759  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 serial Wacom digitiser not usb
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-51 CF-P1 CF-T5 CF-Y2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio VGN UX1XN UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo U1500 1.33GHz with 945GM chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1.8 inch ZIF || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945GMS || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 8036 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit only - 4.5 inch screen ultra mobile PC 
|-
| Sony Vaio VGN SR29VN || Intel ICH9 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy}} || {{partial|ATI HD 3400 (VESA only)}} || {{partial|HD Audio (too quiet)}} || {{yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 8040}} || {{no|Intel 5100}} || Icaros 1.5 || 2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse XM Class DELL WYSE Xn0m LAPTOP || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD T-G56N 1.6 1.65Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;decased 2.5in ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only AMD 6320}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|EHCI 2.0 with NEC uPD720200 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek rtl8169 8111E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 93xx}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 14&quot; - 2 ddr3l slots max 16gb - 19v coax barrel plug psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D KPL-W00 Honor Magicbook 2018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 14inch 1080p - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Pura 14 AVITA-PURAR3, AVITA-PURAR5 Hong Kong tech giant Nexstgo || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 3200U, R5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 (R3) 7 (R5) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 1,920 x 1,080 14in IPS but dim 194cd/m² and 59.4% of the sRGB colour gamut - 1 ddr4l sodimm slot - keyboard issues keyboard repair swap requires removal of all - components - flexible plastic build - 3 hr battery internal - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Liber V 3200U Ryzen 5 3500U, Avita Admiror 14 R7 3700U (UK only) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - better build but same 3 hr battery - 14&quot; 1080p screen IPS 80% sRGB gamut - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D 15 14 AMD KPR-WX9 Honor Magicbook WAQ9AHNR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U 4700U 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel or Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 2020 budget model - f6.5 recessed webcam - internal 42W later 56W battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xiaomi Redmibook 16 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 4700U with FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD 3 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon RX Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE wifi || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit metal 16.1 IPS 99% srgb 240 nits - 46whr battery - no webcam - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Netbook=== 

[[#top|...to the top]]

* One of the better options if re-partitioning of the hard disk is not suitable or wanted is to go with AROS hosted i.e. run a small linux distro and host AROS on top. AROS can exist on a Windows(TM) install as well. See here for more information [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=779.0 Linux hosted] and [ Windows hosted] with downloads here [http://aros.sourceforge.net/download.php AROS download page] 
* installation needs an USB optical drive or an USB pen drive (see below) 
*  PC with CD or DVD to install to a USB pendrive for boot purposes on a netbook 
* SD card sometimes can [ boot] like Dell 2100,  EeePC 1001P, ASUS EeePC 900, acer aspire one d150, MSI Wind U100, 

[http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/Audio-Codec-Comparison-Table/520 Audio Codecs] 


====Acer Packard Bell Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Aspire One AOA110 (A110) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D and 3D) tunnel 99 and gearbox 84 score}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel A13-045N2A 19V2.37A 45W 5.5x1.7mm - 
|-
| Aspire One AOA150 (A150) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D with tunnel 99 and gearbox 84.1 result}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD150 D150 (Compal LA-4781P), AOD110 D110 (ssd) || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HDAudio with alc272}}] || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 l1e}} || {{Maybe|AR5007EG AR5BXB63 works but Broadcom BCM4312 has no support}} || Icaros Desktop 1.3 || 2008 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD250 D250 emachines em250 || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|alc272 HD Audio}}  || {{Yes}} || {{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|BCM4312 or Atheros AR5B95}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2009 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire AO532H (Compal LA-5651p) 533H Pineview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k}} || [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=5968 Tested AspireOS June 2011] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM350 NAV51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with N450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with   codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Single core 64bit - 160GB HDD 1GB RAM 10.1&quot; LED backlit screen and  Webcam - 3 cell li-ion battery for 3 hours usage - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM355 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit support possible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One 533 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D 0x8086 0xa011}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ALC272 codec ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v1.1 1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 and AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - f2 setup - 10.1inch 1024 x 768 - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD255 AOD255e AOD260 AOHAPPY (Compal LA-6221P) || N570 and Nm10 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|SATA}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 3150}} || Audio || USB || {{No|Atheros AR8152 V1.1 (1lc)}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || || a little support 
|-
| Aspire One 522 AO522 (Compal LA-7072p) || 1GHz dual C50 or C60 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (ATI 9804) or 6290 || ATI SB CX20584 HD Audio || USB || Atheros 8152 v2.0 l1c || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros ath9k}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AAOD270 Aspire One D270 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 Cedarview || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D on Intel GMA 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169 RTL8101E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 but swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit atom - ddr2 so-dimm 2gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO532G (Compal LA-6091p) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One D257 (Quanta ZE6) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire One 722 AO722 P1VE6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C60 with SB900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| use VESA Ati 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec but no Wrestler HDMI output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO721 (Wistron SJV10-NL) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AO751 AO751H (Quanta ZA3) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC272X || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Atheros l1e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .SE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC|| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S2 NAV50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel X3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot M/A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.2GHz Athlon L110 + RS690E || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy mode? || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD ATI Radeon Xpress X1270 (VESA only) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ATI SBx00 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 700 701 2G 4G 8G Surf || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 2D and 3D tunnel 68 gearbox 43 on 701 800x480}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Yes| }} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] || NB 2013 and 2.1.1 (best) and 2.1.2 || Power supplies fail due to bad caps issue 9.5V 2.5A - 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 701SD || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{No|RTL8187SE swap with Atheros 5k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll.  
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 900 || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D, 3D in some models)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio]}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Maybe|depends on chipset}} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] but not RaLink || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll. 900's may need BIOS upgrade to boot usb optical drives. 3D available in some and not all model revisions 
|-
| eeePC 900A || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (3D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Atheros L1e [1969 1026]}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR242x}} || Nightly Build 2012 05-25 ||
|-
| eeePC 901 1000 || 945GM || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros L1E (AR8121 AR8113 AR8114)}} || {{No|RaLink Device 2860 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Icaros 1.4 ||
|-
| eeePC Seashell 1000HA 1000HE 1008 1005HA || N280 + Intel GMA950 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{Maybe|Realtek but not Atheros AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Aspire OS 1.6 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eeePC 1001ha || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Attansic Atheros AR8132 l1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT3090 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| eeePC 1001P T101MT 1005PX 1005PE 1015PE Pineview || NM10 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || {{No|Atheros AR8132 (l1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR928x 802.11n}} || Icaros 1.3.3 ||
|-
| EeePC 1015B 1215B || single C30 or dual C50 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{partial|AMD 6250 (VESA only)}} || ATI SBx00 HD Audio || USB || {{No|AR8152 v2.0 atl1c}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 [14e4 4727]}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare X101CH Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 6300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare 1025CE 1225CE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2800 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Inspiron 910 Mini 9 PP39S || GMA945 || {{Maybe|STEC P1850 revC 0X422G 16GB IDE PATA 1.8in ZIF SSD very slow}} || {{N/A| }} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D opengl1}} || {{yes|ALC268 HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2 boots and works}} || {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8102E}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4310 and 4312 swap with atheros 5k}} || tested with ICAROS 1.3 but later do not fully boot up || 2009 32bit - 9inch 1024x600 screen - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 1gig 2rx16 - 19v 1.58a - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 10 1010 PP19S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z520 Z530 Intel US15W Poulsbo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel GMA 500 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or BCM4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 10.10 inch 16:9, 1366 x 768 glossy - 28whr or 56wHr battery options - 
|-
| [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks#Dell%20Mini%2010v%20(Inspiron%201011) Mini 10v 1011] [http://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/InspironMini10v ] || Intel 950 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ide legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}}  || HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8102E 8103E}} || {{no|Dell 1397 Wireless}} || || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 1018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio head phones only - speaker and micro phone do not work}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8188CE or AR928X}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 
|-
| Latitude 2100 || Intel Atom N270 N280 1.60Ghz GMA 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|set to IDE in bios as ahci not working || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D with tunnel 98 and gearbox 84)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC272 codec}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5764M}} || {{No|Intel 5100 or BCM4322 DW 1510 half height mini pcie use small Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS 1.8, Icaros 2.1.1 and AROS One USB 2.4 || 2009 32bit ddr2 sodimm max 2G - [https://sites.google.com/site/arosaspireone/about-aspire-one Webcam and card reader not working] lcd cable over hinge an issue - f12 bios and boot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 2110 2120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N470 1.83Ghz, N455 1.6Ghz, N550 1.5Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|ATA mode in bios not ahci}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 3150 2D only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit ddr2 sodimm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| HP Mini 2133 || VIA C7-M P4M900 / 8237 VX700 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|VIA Chrome 9 HC (VESA only)}} || VT1708/A HD Audio || USB || {{no|Broadcom Corp NetXtreme BCM5788}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312}} || ||
|-
| HP mini 1000 Mi 2140 ks145ut || N270 + 945GM || {{N/A}} || SATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and opengl1 3d)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio (playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || 2011 32Bit - unable to change wifi card 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Mini 700 702 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT 92HD75B (111d:7608, only playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom hard locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Compaq HP Mini 110 110-3112sa || 945GM Express || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio IDT STAC 92xx}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Atheros}} || {{no|Broadcom hard blocked Fn+F12}} || || 2011 32bit - unable to change wifi 
|-
| HP Mini 200 210 || 945GM NM10 Express || {{N/A}} || SATA || Intel GMA 950 || HD Audio || USB || RTL8101E RTL8102E || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard locked}} || ||
|-
| HP Mini 311 DM1 (Quanta FP7) || N280 + ION LE || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia Geforce ION || HD Audio || USB || eth || {{No|hard locked}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Lenovo Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| IdeaPad S9 S9e(3G) S10 S10e(3G) || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 or SigmaTel HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Broadcom NetLink BCM5906M}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || little support 
|-
| IdeaPad S12 ||  N270 + Nvidia ION LE MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || ALC269 HD Audio || USB || Broadcom || Intel hard blocked || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| S10-2 || 945GME and N280 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| S10-3 || NM410 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{no|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Atheros 9285 or Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad 100S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z36xxx Z37xxx Series SoC || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel SST Audio Device (WDM) || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BS hard blocked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Samsung Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=616910&amp;topic_id=33755&amp;forum=28#616910 NC10] || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|SigmaTel HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{maybe|rtl8169 works but not Marvell 88E8040 sky2}} || {{yes|AR5007EG}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2009 32bit - Nano silver on keyboard and lcd ribbon cable over hinge issues 
|-
| [http://www.sammywiki.com/wiki/Samsung_NC20 NC20] || VIA VX800 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{maybe|VIA Chrome9 (VESA only)}} || ALC272 GR (VT1708A) HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{yes|Atheros AR5001}} || || 2009 32bit - little support 
|-
| N110 N120 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC272 HD Audio or ALC6628}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Realtek rtl8187}} || || 2009 32bit - some support - Namuga 1.3M Webcam none
|-
| N130 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{yes|SATA in IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and opengl 1.x 99.5 tunnel 99 gearbox}} || {{yes|Intel HD with ALC272 ALC269 codec playback}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL 8169.device - 8101e 8102e}} || {{no|rtl 8192se rtl8187 too small an area to swap for atheros 5k}} || || 2009 32bit - 10.x inch 1024 x 600 - Namuga 1.3M Webcam - front slide power on and f2 setup bios - keyboard 17.7mm Pitch is made with Silver Nano (Anti-Bacterial) tech - small touchpad - 1 ddr2 2rx16 sodimm slot 2G max - 44Wh
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Go NP-N310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit - N280 version changed specs 
|-
| N510 || N270 euro N280 uk + ION MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || HD Audio || USB || Marvell 88E8040 || Realtek 8192E || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Axx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC269 codec A9M22Q2 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| NF210 Pineview || n455 or n550 + N10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA 3150 (needs retesting, VESA works)}} || {{yes|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || Wireless || || 2011 64bit - some support 
|-
| NP N145 Plus || n450 + NM10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || {{yes|Realtek HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || || 2010 some support but often the trackpad does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NS310 NP-NS310-A03UK || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N570 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use Vesa 2d }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 810xe }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|bcm4313 }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom N570 or 1.5 GHz Intel Atom N550 dual core processor, 1 DDR3 sodimm slot memory, a 250GB hard drive, and a 10.1 inch, 1024 x 600 pixel 10.1&quot; W7St - 2300mAh short life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Samsung_N150 N150] NB30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MN10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 or Realtek 8192E}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.kruedewagen.de/wiki/index.php/Samsung_N220 N210 N220] N230 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Pxx Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000g}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NB100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini NB200 series NB205 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + GSE945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 300 series NB305 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 500 series NB505 NB520 NB550-10v || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8176 RTL 8188CE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| [http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Toshiba-NB550D-AMD-Fusion-Netbook.46551.0.html Mini NB550D 10G] 108 (c30) 109 (c50) || C50 + M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (VESA only) || HD Audio || USB || Realtek 8111e rtl8169 || Atheros 9k || || 2011 64bit Realtek SD card reader 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Cammy's A1600 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes}} || {{no|JMC 250/260}} || Wireless || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Mini Ui 3520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;good 
|-
| Guillemot Hercules eCafe EC-900 H60G-IA], Mitac MiStation and Pioneer Computers Dreambook Light U11 IL1 || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RAlink RT2860}} || || Slowly gaining support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E2 24 48 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;IDE legacy mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pineview Intel (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros l1c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| MSI Wind U90/U100 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio ALC888s (playback only?)}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RaLink RT2860 RT2700E or rtl8187se (u100x)}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Advent 4211 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || Intel GMA950 (2D) || ALC HD Audio || USB || rtl8169 || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || || MSI U100 clone
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;MSI U100 clone 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Vaio VGN-P11Z
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Partial|Intel (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{no|Atheros AR928X}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 2.0.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Rarely boots!
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony VPC-W11S1E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 with 945GSE
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8132}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with 5k}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 10.1&quot; 1366 x 768 glossy - 3hr battery life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Archos 10 Netbook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom with ICH7 NM10 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{No }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Wind U135 DX MS-N014 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only accelerated}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ALC662 rev 1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR 9K}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;needs noacpi notls added to grub boot line to start up 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

===Desktop Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Most Intel Atom and equivalent AMD Fusion CPUs / APUs are faster than Intel P3s but still some way short of P4 or Dual Core performance. 


====Acer====
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.acer.com/ac/en/ID/content/support-product/486;-; Veriton X270 VTX270] Intel Core 2 Duo ED7400C or Pentium dual-core UD7600C with 630i 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d Nvidia 7100 VGA and HDMI connections}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|  with realtek codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 rear and 5 front}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit capable but would not fully boot, DHCP address timeout too short and failed often. Put in a third party NIC, worked - 1 PCI Express x16 slot and a free PCI x1 slot - internal thin long psu with 12pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Imedia S1710 with Intel Dual Core E5200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{Yes|SATA/AHCI}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|Native IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia nForce 7100}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|NVIDIA MCP73 Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 14-09-2023, AROS One 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 2009 64-bit - Boot over USB not working on front - 2 DDR2 dual channel max 8GB - DEL for entering Bios - F12 for boot menu - Bus weird, could be reason for Ethernet issue 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo AR1600, R1600 AR3600, R3600 Packard Bell iMax Mini, ACER Veriton N260G N270G slim nettop subcompact 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9300M - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with alc662 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB boot usb2 stick issues and slower with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit  Intel Atom 230 N280 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - very often boot stuck around ehciInit - DEL setup F12 boot options - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v special barrel size 5.5mm/1.7mm psu - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - atheros 5k AR5BXB63 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo AR3610 R3610 3610 Atom 330 nettop subcompact dual core 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9400M LE MCP79MX - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek alc662 rev1 alc662-hd later ALC885 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB with 1% chance boot with usb2 sticks, more issues with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8211CL MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.5, 1.6 and 2.4 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - boot often stuck around ehciInit, SATA, etc try ATA=off, non usb hub  keyboard,  - DEL bios setup, F12 BBS POPUP/drive boot - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v barrel psu with smaller inner pin size 5.5mm/1.7mm - replace wifi RT3090 ver c (linux) with atheros 5k - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;REVO AR3700 R3700 3700 Atom D525 dual core - ACER Veriton N282G 
*one long beep followed by two short, bios damaged 
*looping one long two short, a video card fault 
*two short beeps... CMOS damaged 
*got one long and one short beep... board error?
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE ready in Bios}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia ION2 GT218 ION vga fine '''but''' hdmi fussy over display used - nouveau 2d &amp; 3d gearbox 404 tunnel 292 teapot 48}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDA Intel with Realtek ALC662 rev1 codec, head phones only but nothing from NVidia HDMI}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® NM10 Express (NM10 is basically an ICH7 with a die shrink and IDE removed) USB boots usb, installs usb, accesses ok}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111g}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one USB 1.5 and 1.6 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - early 2 ddr2 sodimm slots but later 2 ddr3 sodimm slots 1Rx8 max 4GB - 19v barrel psu thinner pin - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - ACPI Suspend Mode = S1, S3 (STR), S4 - Power on PCIe 
* Known Acer issue, Boot into bios, set bios to UEFI and reboot, set bios back to defaults and reboot, blank display, repair with reflash of 8 pin Winbond W25Q socketed bios chip with ch341a using 2011/09/19 P01.B0L, 2011/05/09 P01.A4, 2011/05/03 P01.A3L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2 amiboot.rom - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo 70 (RL70) with or without dvdrw 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6320 or 6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio ALC662-VCO-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2, 1.1 Hudson D1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD E450 1.65GHz - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 
|-
|}

====Asus====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EEEbox B202
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel Azalia HDaudio with Realtek ALC662 or ALC888-GR CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 or JM250 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;internal 3 types of wifi chipset not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Precision 340
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1 (UHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|3Com}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 2400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 82845GL Brookdale G/GE (VESA 640x480 by 16)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk|AC97 with ADI codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 440x 4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?p=832495 Icaros 1.4]
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Graphics chipset is capable of higher resolution.
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 4600
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 (use rear black port)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 170L
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX260
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX270
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX280
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{maybe|Intel GMA (only VESA tested)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Broadcom}}
| Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX520
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|Intel GMA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 745
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|HD Audio (no volume control)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{partial|Only keyboard mouse (legacy mode)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 755
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Around 25 second delay in booting from USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 990
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|non-RAID mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel HD (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|ordinary boot gives VGA mode only - VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio (Analog Devices ID 194a)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire Xenon 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Vx0 (V90 V30), Vx0L (V10L V90L), Vx0LE (V30LE V90LE) from VIA C7 800GHz to Eden 1.2GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for S3 UniChrome Pro}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 VIA VT8233A with ?? codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 back and 1 front USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|early models work but later VT6102-3 do not}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2  
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 to 2009 32bit - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm DDR 333MHz SO-DIMM later DDR2 - early V90s do seem to have a reliability problem - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.poppedinmyhead.com/2021/01/wyse-cx0-thin-client-notes-experiences.html Dell Wyse Cx0] C00LE, C10LE, C30LE, C50LE, C90LE, C90LE7, C90LEW VIA C7 Eden 1GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d VX855 VX875 Chrome 9}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|some VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with ?? codec work}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 outside 2 inside USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 to 2013 32bit - [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=815.0 boots and works] - 12V 2.5A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm ddr2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell RxxL Rx0L thin client 
*R00L	Cloud PC of Wyse WSM 
*R10L	Wyse Thin OS 
*R50L	Suse Linux Enterprise 
*R90L	Win XP Embedded 
*R90LW  Win Embedded Standard 2009 
*R90L7  Win Embedded Standard 7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128Mb IDE or 1GB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA Hyperdisk}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 690E RS690M Radeon Xpress 1200 1250 1270
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Sempron™ 210U SMG210UOAX3DVE 1.5GHz SB600, up to 4GB single slot 240-pin DDR2 DIMM, 19v barrel psu, DEL key bios - Late 2012 2 data sockets added but only CN18 be used with two white sockets (CN13 &amp; CN15) can used to power the SATA device &quot;4-pin Micro JST 1.25mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 390 sff small form factor - mt mini tower desktop - dt full desktop
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit dual i3 2xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - add nvidia gf218 gfx - error code 3 mobo or cpu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 3010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 57XX}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 7010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Intel 825xx}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx Q77 - kettle iec plug psu cable - add pci-e ethernet and nvidia gf218 gfx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5010 thin client ThinOS D class (D10D D00D D00DX, Dx0D), PCoIP (D10DP) or D90D7, 5040 
*username: Administrator, admin, [blank] 
*password: Fireport, DellCCCvdi, rappot, Wyse#123, Administrator, administrator, r@p8p0r+
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode may need 30cm ext cable as small area for half-slim sata ssd - decased new ssd??}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d 1400x1050 HD6250E IGP by using DVI to hdmi cable and 1 display port, no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD 6.34 audio chipset detected but codec alc269 working from one case speaker -  none if v6.29 used}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|most 5010 have 4 USB 2.0 but D90Q7 has 2 USB3 instead}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8168 8169 - rev 1.?? 8111? - rev 1.91 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow AMD G-T44R 1.2Ghz later G-T48E 1.4Ghz Dual Bobcat Brazos BGA413 - Del for BIOS - p key to select boot with noacpi - single DDR3 sodimm slot max 4Gb, (8Gb hynix 2rx8 ddr3l)? (remove small board to upgrade) - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; small 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - PA16 19v barrel psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 7010 thin client (Z class Zx0D) black case 
*2011 Zx0 Z90D7 2GF/2GR
*2013 Z10D 
*2014 Z50D 2GF/2GR 
*2012 Cisco VXC 6000 CVXC-6215-K9 white 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Bios set Sata mode to IDE mode and grub boot add 'noacpi' for half slim sata2 ssd or/with 50cm sata ext cable}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d HD6310 6320 Terascale 2 through DVI and DP 1.1a - no 3d support r600 and no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio 6.34 detected but ALC269VB codec works on one case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0 works but NEC 720200 3.0 not detected but sometimes works like 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111e 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 and Aros One 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow cores AMD G-t52R 1.5GHz later G-T56N 1.65 GHz Dual with A50M FCH - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - 2 desktop DIMM slots max 16GB - miniPCIe CN14 no msata ssd support in bios - PA-16 19v external psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - 2 40cm SMA female WiFi Antenna to IPEX IPX u.fl Ufl Cable pigtail needed - does not like uefi boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 7020 Thin Client 
* 2013 Quad-core AMD GX-420CA 2.0 GHz (25W) - 
* 2018 Zx0Q Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz (15W) with Quad display 3dp and 1dvi 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only for AMD Radeon HD8400E radeonsi (dual display) or AMD Radeon HD 8330E IGP with AMD Radeon E6240 Seymour E6460 (quad display), no hdmi ports}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit quad eKabini Jaguar cores - two SODIMM sockets layered in centre of mobo DDR3L RAM - Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm ac psu 9mm plug is too short but 14mm length is fine - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Dx0Q (5020) D90Q8 NJXG4 AMD G-Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 8330E GCN 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; with Realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz - 2 layered near edge of mobo 204-pin DDR3L SODIMM (bottom one tricky to insert) - 19v Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5060 N07D thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE bios mode for sata2 port}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d - AMD R5E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands thru dp1 with an hdmi adapter no output thru dp2 - no hdmi dvi ports}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC231 codec head phones only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111h}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit quad GX-424CC 19.5v external psu - CN-0Y62H1 mobo with 2 layered ddr3l 16Gb max sodimm slots at edge of mobo, bottom 0 one blocking - passive no fan so quiet - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 3040 (N10D) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 4c4t Intel Cherry Trail x5 Z-8350 (1.44 GHz Quad) - two versions, one is 5V-3A, the other is 12V-2A - 2 GB DDR3L 1600 MHz, 8 GB or 16 GB eMMC flash chip, all soldered down - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Fujitsu Siemens====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Scenic [http://uk.ts.fujitsu.com/rl/servicesupport/techsupport/ProfessionalPC/Scenic/ScenicE/ScenicE.htm E600] (compact desktop)
| 
| 
| {{partial|VESA only}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| 
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| {{dunno}}
| Nice small, silent PC with good AROS support.
|-
| Scenic T i845
| {{dunno}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{dunno|Intel AC97}}
| {{dunno|UHCI}}
| {{dunno|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| AROS does not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S200 S210 S220 and later S300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| compactflash CF card max ??}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 315PRO PCI/AGP }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 via }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|via uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|via VT6102 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - TR5670 Rev 1.4 mother with Transmeta TM5800 cpu - pci socket - single SODIMM socket for DDR memory PC2700S max 512MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| but swap with compactflash CF card already with AROS installed}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS741CX }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 SiS7018}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|sis uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz gets hot - SiS 963L / SiS 741CX chipset - 12V 4.2A 4-pin (DP-003-R) psu - single SODIMM socket for DDR PC2700S max 1G - large case 246 x 48 x 177cms torx screws - pci socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;FUJITSU Futro S700 and S900 Thin Client (based on mini-ITX motherboard D3003-A12, D3003-C1 lesser variant of [https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/Futro/s900/TechNotes_V3.1_Mini-ITX_D3003-S.pdf D3003-S]) 
*G-T56N 1.65GHz
*G-T40N 1.00GHz
*G-T44R 1.20GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata data socket but mSata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6320, HD 6250, HD 6290 dvi or displayport (DP runs higher) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|two USB2 front sockets and four on the rear}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit AMD slow atom-like and fanless - 20V 2A psu 5.5mm/2.1mm coax (S900) - mSATA 1GB-16GB - 2 DDR3L SODIMM sockets max 8GB tricky to run 1333 MHz on the Futro S900 - proprietary X2 PCI-e - 1 PCI socket but need a right-angle adaptor - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo p420 e85 desktop case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or old Geforce in pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16 pin special psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo E420 e85+ SFF case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or low profile pci-e card 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16ish pin special psu - hd under front metal bracket, take front cover off first with 3 tabs - 3 slim pci-e slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S520 AMD dual 1.0Ghz codenamed &quot;Steppe Eagle&quot;
* GX-210HA @ 1.0GHz
* GX-212ZC @ 1.2GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4G or 16G flash memory is soldered to the board
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 8210E (GX210HA) or AMD Radeon R1E (GX212ZC)
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 smaller than ITX 160mm x 160mm Fujitsu D3314-A11 - 19V - 20V 2A. I used a 19V 3.4A PSU standard 5.5mm/2.1mm coax plug - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Futro S720 ThinClient D3313-B13 D3313-F
*2014 64bit AMD GX-217GA 1.65GHz VFY:S0720P8009FR VFY:S0720P8008DE VFY:S0720P4009GB
*2015 64bit AMD GX-222GC 2.20GHz VFY:S0720P702BDE VFY:S0720P702BFR 
 all begin VFY:S0720P and end two digit country code
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Yes|up to 2 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata was running very well on AHCI and IDE-Mode and 2242 mSata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for AMD Radeon HD 8280E GCN2 IGP later R5E GCN3 IGP}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working, external audio speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0 but not front 2 USB 3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit slow atom like cores so fanless - 1 ddr3 Sodimm slot max 8Gb - 19V-20V 2A 5.5mm/2.5mm coax - D3313-B13 stripped down Mini-ITX mobo D3313-S1/-S2/-S3 (eKabini) D3313-S4/-S5/-S6 - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S920 D3313-E	D3313-G
*2016 AMD GX-222GC SOC 2.20GHz Dual 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-424CC 2.40 GHz Quad
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|2242 mSata and 1 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata possible}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|use VESA for Radeon R5E GCN2 or GCN3 IGP}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0, front 2 USB 3.1 downgradable to 2.0 in BIOS setting}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AROS One USB 2.4
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 so dimm slot with max of 8 GB - 19v barrel psu 5.5mm 2.5mm - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - propetary X2 connector with official raizer to X1 connector - almost silent background noise, not affecting sound quality in any way
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S9011 Thin Client VFY:S9011THU1EIN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario 7360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Working}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 via}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq EP Series 6400/10
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|ISA}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Evo D510
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX2000 MT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel Extreme 2 (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|detects AC97 but no support for ADI AD1888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|OHCI/EHCI }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82526EZ e1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.51
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boots ok but no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX 2200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|OHCI/EHCI issues }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; d230
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (speaker and headphones only, no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion a220n || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|VESA 1024x768 on nVidia GF4 MX with 64MB shared video ram}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC650 AC'97 comp.}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8201BL 10/100 LAN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.5|| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit athlon xp 2600+ Socket 462 / Socket A - 2 dimm ddr pc2700 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t500 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|FX5200 (2D; 3D with older driver)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 ICH4 ALC658D}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8101L 8139}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2012-09-22
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DC7700
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ICH8}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|82566DM e1000e}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2013-??-??
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Some support at low cost 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP dc 7600 CMT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ACL 260}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO/1000 GT}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series t5500 t5510 t5515 PC538A or PC542A t5700 t5710 Transmeta Crusoe Code Morphing TM 5400 5600 800Mhz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128mb to 512MB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7000M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|Issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA Rhine 2
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - ddr max 1GB - F10 setup - all t51xx and some t55xx units will not include a SODIMM slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series CN700 
*HSTNC-002L-TC	t5135, t5530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d 128Mb Via S3 1600 x 1200 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit t5135 appears identical to the t5530 except the CPU VIA Esther 400 MHz - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 3.33A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5720, t5725 HSTNC-001L-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d SiS741GX 2048 x 1536 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SiS SiS7012 AC'97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 8d)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz socketed - RAM 512MB or 1GB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB - 12V psu - sis DDMA support - custom 1.13 BIOS - pci low profile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series VX800 HSTNC-004-TC t5145, t5540, t5545, t5630 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio VIA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit (rev 82)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit   - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 4.16A Coax: 5.5mm/2.1mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5730w HSTNC-003-TC t5730 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a|ATA 44pin DOM Flash}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d ATI Radeon X1250 2048 x 1536 no 3D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|6 x USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5707M tg3 10/100/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit AMD Sempron 2100+ 1GHz - 1 slot of ddr2 sodimm (Max 2GB) - 12V 4.16A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - F10  enter bios F12 boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HSTNC-005-TC gt7720, gt7725 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d AMD RS780G HD 3200 - 2560 x 1600 DVI-D &amp; DVI-H
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Turion Dual Core CPU 2.3GHz - 1 DDR2 200-pin SODIMM - 19V 4.16A Coax 7.4mm/5.0mm (gt7725) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5740 Thin Client HSTNC-006-TC t5740, t5745, st5742 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Intel CL40 VGA and DisplayPort connectors}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with IDT codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly build and Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit Atom N280 - F10 on power up to get into the BIOS screens. F12 brings up the boot options - hp 19V one with a coax connector, outer diameter 4.8mm with inner to be 1.7mm to 1.4mm - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 3gb due to 32bit - 1 pci-e slot completely non standard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series HSTNC-012-TC VIA Nano u3500 VX900 
*t5550 512MB/1GB Windows CE6 R3
*t5565 1GB/1GB HP ThinPro
*t5570 2GB/1GB WES 2009 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 GPU Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 9170 VT1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit - 1 sodimm - 19V 3.42A supply connector standard yellow-tip coax plug 4.8mm/1.8mm &quot;Standard HP Compaq DC Power Plug 4.8mm x 1.5mm / 1.7mm Yellow Tip Connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t510 Via Eden X2 U4200 HSTNC-012-TC shares features with t5570e, t5565z 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2G ATA Flash DOM
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;one 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for Chrome9 VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 gfx}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|6 USB2 }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit - one slot ddr3 sodimm max 4GB - 19V 3.42A Coax 4.8mm/1.8mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T610 Thin Client and thicker PLUS version 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 6320 1 dp port 1 dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;two USB2 on the front, two USB2 and two USB 3 ports on the rear 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit AMD G-T56N A55E - 2 204-pin DDR3 1600MHz SODIMMs PC3-12800 under motherboard via removable panel - 19.5V 3A Coax male 7.4mm/5.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T420 Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8180 dvi vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 front 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD Embedded G-Series GX-209JA SOC (1 GHz, 2 cores) 1GHz - soldered in place 2GB DDR3 - smaller than usual 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - usb stick internal for storage - E15 BBR - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t520 TPC-W016 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 mounting holes for 2242 and 2260 SSDs SATA (not NVME) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 2017 64 bit AMD GX-212JC 1.2Ghz (2 core) - 1 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM - 19.5V 3.33A 7.4mm Coax with central pin 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t620 TPC-I004-TC and t620 PLUS (PRO wider version) TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;single M.2 2242 socket sata only most models, mSATA socket removed end of 2014, 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8280E graphics 8330E Sea Islands GCN2 IGP - 2 dp ports no dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 front, 2 back, 2 inside 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD G-Series GX-217GA 2 core APU 1.65GHz, AMD GX-415GA - 2 DDR3L SODIMMs side by side - mSATA ssd and M.2 SSD are M1.6 screws, M2.0 screws used on most SSDs - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 sata ssd up to 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;1 USB3.1, 1 usb-c front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD GX-215JJ (2 core) 1.5GHz - 1 204-pin DDR4 SODIMM - smaller 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T730 Wider &quot;Thin&quot; Client TPC-I018-TC Pixar - no display and fans blowing full speed caused by '''disabling internal gpu in bios''' flash L43_0116.bin onto smc MX25L6473F (3.3V 8-PIN SOP (200mil) SPI 25xx) ([https://www.badcaps.net/forum/troubleshooting-hardware-devices-and-electronics-theory/troubleshooting-desktop-motherboards-graphics-cards-and-pc-peripherals/bios-schematic-requests/96303-hp-t730-password-locked-bios in the rom rcvry socket under a delicate thin narrow surface flap]) with ch341a alike switchable from 5v, 3.3v to 1.8v 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|Set bios to IDE and not AHCI - add noacpi to end of grub line - 1 M.2 SATA slot (Key B+M) up to 2280 with T8 torx secure stub}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon R7 GCN 2 UVD4.2 Sea Islands with 4 dp outs '''but too easy bricking''' if swapping with 1 PCIe 3.0 x8 slot 30W slim factor low profile 8400gs gt210 nvs295 nvs310 gt1030}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDaudio 6.34 realtek alc221 codec thru case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|'''Works''' for 4 USB2 in the back with 2 in the front but '''not''' for 2 USB3 ports on front and 1 more internal (not bootable)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG set up first in Prefs/Network}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2 USB with added noacpi grub boot 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit RX-427BB With 2 DDR3L notebook RAM sodimm stacked slots max 32GB - '''Larger''' 20cm/8&quot; high 3.5ltr case noisy fan TPM 1.2 - esc/F9 boot selector F10 enter bios - 2 serial and 1 parallel old ports - Key E Wireless - PCIe slot (x16 physical, x8 electrical - 19.5 4.36A 85w standard HP 7.4mm black-ring-tip power plug, red flashing power button, wrong psu or bad MotherBoard MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t630 Thin Client TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|2 Sata M.2, sata0 up to 2280 (1tb max), sata1 2242 (64gb max), both T8 torx secure stubs}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon AMD Wani R7E with 2 displayport 1.2 sockets - no dvi / hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 VOID for controller 0x1022 0x157a and not detected ALC255 codec x10ec x0255 aka ALC3234, pins 0x17 as LFE and 0x1b as int speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2 2 front and 2 rear but not 2 front USB3 and 1 inside}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111H}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 3rd Generation AMD Embedded G-Series SoC GX-420GI quad core 2Ghz - 2 DDR4 SODIMMs side by side speed 1866Mhz limit - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - can be easily bricked, might reflash bios with M40 SP149736 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - esc f1 f9 f10 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Elite 7200 7300 8200 8300 SFF with kettle IEC psu cable 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE ata legacy only in BIOS}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;i pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|8200 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel or Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit dual core - add pci-e rtl8169 ethernet card and pci-e gf210 nvidia low height - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Pro 6305 Small Form Factor SFF AMD A75 chipset (FCH 6 SATA 6 Gb/s, 4 USB 3.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 7000 iGPU series 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD ALC221 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 5761 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit AMD Quad A10-5800B with Radeon HD 7660D Graphics (3.8 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 100 W), AMD A8-5500B with Radeon HD 7560D Graphics (3.2 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD Dual A6-5400B with Radeon HD 7540D Graphics (3.6 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD A4-5300B with Radeon HD 7480D Graphics (3.4 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G1 - SFF
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA with Radeon R7 GCN1 or 8x70}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD audio with Realtek ALC221 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD A10-8850B, 3.9 GHz AMD Quad-Core A10 PRO-7850B,  
AMD A10-8750B, 3.6 GHz
AMD A10-7800B 3.57GHz, A10 PRO-6800B 
AMD A8-8650B, 3.2 GHz
AMD A8-7600B, 3.1 GHz
AMD A6-8550B, 3.7 GHz
AMD A6-8350B, 3.5 GHz, Dual A6 PRO – 7400B, 
AMD A4-7300B, 3.8 GHz - T15 security torx psu with 6pin PWR 200W connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G2, 705 G3 Mini PC USFF thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in and m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5762 GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AM4 socket with 35W TDP A10-8770E (4c), AMD PRO A6-8570E (2c), AMD Pro A6-9500E, or AMD PRO A10-9700E on AMD B300 FCH - ddr4 sodimm slots - 77 x 175 x 34mm (6.97 x 6.89 x 1.34in) 1L and about 3lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G4 Mini 1ltr USFF AMD Ryzen 3 2200G (4c t) or 5 2400G (4c t)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and 2.5in sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru DP1.2 port 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant  codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit Am4 socket - 2 sodimm 16GB max - 19.5v hp socket ext psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G4 35w, Elitedesk 705 G4 65w, HP Prodesk 405 G4 35W USFF - AMD Athlon PRO 200GE (2c 4t), 2200GE (4c t) or 2400GE (4c t) on AMD B350 FCH, Elitedesk 705 G5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and older models 2.5in sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3, 8 or 11 with 2 dp1.2 ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Conexant CX20632 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111EPH 1Gbe or Realtek RTL8111F 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - realtek wifi 8821 or 8822 - up to 1 ddr4 dimm slots - 12v up to 180w ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitedesk 806 G6, Prodesk 405 G6 3400GE Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Ryzen 3 PRO 3200GE 3150GE (4c 4t), AMD Athlon Silver PRO 3125GE (2c 4t) on AMD PRO 565 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x NVMe or 1x SATA + 1x NVMe, but not all three drives at the same time without serious modding of hd caddie || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega with DP1.4 port || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t540 1ddr4 slot, t640 2 DDR4 SDRAM sodimm SO-DIMM 260-pin non-ECC max 32gb thin client USFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVM Express (NVMe) 2230 or 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 VGA, DisplayPort 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 gen1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek Realtek RTL8111HSH or RTL8111E PH-CG 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit ryzen r1000 series Ryzen Embedded R1305G 1.5 GHz, R1505G dual (2c 4t) 2.0Ghz or R1606G ?.?Ghz (2c4t) - Realtek RTL8852AE wifi - 45W psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t740 SFF Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2, one is sata and other nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 DisplayPort or + optional pci-e 30W Radeon E9173
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E PH-CG 1Gbe
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - Ryzen Embedded V1756B 3.25Ghz quad - 90W 19.5V 4.62A psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - sodimm DDR4 max 64Gb - slightly noisy fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 805 G6 Mini 4750GE (8t 16t), Prodesk 405 G6 Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (6c 12t) or Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (4c 8t) on AMD PRO 565
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in carrier and 2 slots m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 with DP1.4 and HDMI flex io2 output options 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb a - gen 2 10gig and gen 1 5gig ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit AMD Ryzen 4000 SBC unlocked - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - wifi6 - 90W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Lenovo====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Nettop IdeaCentre Q150 (40812HU) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 10/100
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D510 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M625q Tiny (1L)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Stoney Radeon R2, R3 or R4 and later R5 with 2 dp ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  ALC233-VB2-CG codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3 usb3.1 Gen 1 and 3 usb2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit all dual cores - e2-9000e or a4-9120e later A9-9420e - heatsink covers 70% area covers wifi - 65w or 135w lenovo rectangle ac - 1 ddr4 2666MHz slot max 8gb - tpm 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 1 AMD A6 A8 A10-9700E 9770E (2c2t) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 2 Ryzen 5 PRO 2400GE 4C 8T 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - f1 enter setup, esc device boot - fixed 1.8v ch341a needed to reflash 1.8v bios if no boot SOP8 DIP8 Winbond W25Q64, MXIC MX25U1635, MX25U6435 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCenter M75n nano Ryzen3 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre M75q M75q-1 Tiny 1ltr TMM AMD Ryzen 5 PRO Quad 3500 Pro 3400GE (4c 8t) 11a5 soe400, 3200GE (2c 4t) zen1+ 11a4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVMe 2280 1Tb max - untested 2.5inch}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB3 Gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 65w 20v 3.25A to 135W rectangle psu - 2 sodimm ddr4 sodimm max 32GB locked 2666MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre Ryzen 7 PRO Tiny 1ltr Gen 2 AMD 4000 series 4650GE (6c12t) 4750GE (8c16t) 4350G (4c8t) Zen2 - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVme}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit vendor locked - 20v psu - 2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcenter M75q-2 Gen2 refresh 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GigE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5650GE (6c12t) 5750GE (8c16t) - vendor/PSB can lock your AMD CPU - f12 boot devices
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Impart impact Media Group IQ Box mini Digital Signage with MB896 mini itx 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 915 gme 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; via audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 1 ddr2 slot - pentium m 1.73GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac_mini_cd_1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel MacMini1,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/186749 Sigmatel Stac 9221] [https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-wear-5.1.1_r0.6/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c codec][https://alsa-devel.alsa-project.narkive.com/Yt20W6cE/sigmatel-stac9221-mux-amp-out-0x02-microphone-not-working mic]}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit possible 1.83 GHz Intel “Core Duo” (T2400) - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - maybe hack with a 2,1 firmware - max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only with c key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac-mini-core-2-duo-1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel Mac Mini2,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 Sigmatel Stac 9221 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 2.0/ Icaros (latest beta)
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - hacked with a 2,1 firmware and replaced the cpu for T7600 2.33 Ghz C2D and max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only via c key 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 5,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 1.83GHz 17&quot; T5600 MA710LL || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 with 64Mb || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 17.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1440x900 - polycarbonate 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 6,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 2.16 2.33 24&quot; only T7400 T7600 aka MA456LL/A A1200 (EMC 2111) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300GT with 128 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM PCI Express or GeForce 7600GT with 256Mb mini dvi, vga || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 24.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1920 x 1200 - polycarbonate plastic case iMacs of this generation are the most difficult iMacs to service due to their front bezel design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona TC3200 (), TC3x41 (P3VB-VXL), TC3xx1 (6VLE-VXL0), TC43xx (Gigabyte C7V7VX) thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC'97 Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100B 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 2006 32bit VIA CPUs, 1 DIMM slot, internal psu, 
*TC3200, VIA Samuel 2 533Mhz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3541, VIA C3 Nehamiah 800MHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3641, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3841, VIA Samuel 2 800MHz, DIMM PC2100 
*TC3931, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC2100	
*TC4321, VIA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT402, Clientron U700, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Optiplex FX170 D05U thin client, 10Zig 56xx range 5602, 5616v, 5617v, 5672v, Clientron U800, Devon IT TC5, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|GMA 950 dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 ddr2 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport - ps2 keyboard socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT-616V or Chip PC Technologies EX-PC (model number XPD4741)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit N270 on NM10 with ICH7 - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 4a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix GS-A21S-RH (rev. 1.0) SFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|X3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC883-GR codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DC}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit Intel GME965 chipset with Intel ICH8M - 2 DDR2 Dimm slots - GA-6KIEH2-RH Rev.1.x mini ITX Case 213mm(D) x 64mm(W) x 234mm(H) - custom psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona MD+24 MD27 MD54 MD64 MD76 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA Chrome 9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit VIA X2 U4200 - 12v-19v barrel psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock ION 330 330Pro HT-BD, Foxconn NT-330i, Zotac ION F (IONITX mini itx), 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ION geforce 9400}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit slow atom cpu - 2.5L 8&quot; by 8&quot; plastic case - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - external 19v 65W 3.42A Plug 5.5mm X 2.5mm  - little whiny fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC261}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT V2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC251}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 65 W AC, DC 19V~3.42A, 19.3L x 14.8w x 2.2H cm (1l), weight 530g, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nouveau ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.jetwaycomputer.com/JBC600C99352W.html Jetway JBC600C99352W] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|C-Media CM108AH}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111DL 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D525 - DDR3 - 12v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn nT-A3550 A3500 AMD A45 Chipset DDR3 Nettop Barebones - White
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 back and 2 USB3 front 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD Dual-core E350 1.6GHz CPU - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus EeeBox PC EB1021 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-350 SFF or E-450 with A50M - 2 ddr3l so-dimm - 40W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xi3 Piston PC Athlon64 X2 3400e (X5A), AMD R-464L quad (X7A) Z3RO NUC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD mobility HD3650 to radeon HD 7660G 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 3 USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8161}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 - 2 sodimm 8GB max - 19v 3.3a round - Titan105 bios update - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-450 with A45M -  ddr3l so-dimm - 65W ac - Wireless is Realtek 8191SU WiFi (802.11n) or AzureWave (802.11bgn) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung Syncmaster Thin Client Display TC-W Series 24&quot; LF24 TOWHBFM/EN TC220W LED LF22TOW HBDN/EN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8gb SSD || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| VESA mode only Radeon HD 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Thin Client C-50 AMD® 1000 MHz and no wireless 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advantech TPC-2140 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56E 1.65Ghz up to SSE3, BGA413 soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab FIT-PC3 fitPC3 USFF PC AMD G-T56N || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON HD 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC888 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64 - 12v 3a - 2x sodimm DDR3 max 4GB - wifi rtl8188ce 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig 6872 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56N up to SSE3 BGA413 (FT1) soldered - DDR3l single channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7800q thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit AMD GX-424CC (Quad Core) 2.4GHz BGA769 (FT3b) SSE4 and AVX - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*Itona VXL MZE12 AMD a4-5000 thin client 
*VXL Itona LQ27 LQ+27 LQ44 LQ+44 LQ49 LQ+49 LQ50 LQ+50 LQ64 LQ+64 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati 8330 vga hdmi dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit quad BGA769 (FT3) soldered - 2 stacked sodimm ddr3 middle of mobo - 2 m.2 sata slots - 1 sata short cable half size space - limited 1ltr 8in case no fan - 19v hp style psu connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5212 21.5&quot; AIO Thin Client W11B 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 out from DP or vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit slow atom like dual core AMD G-T48E 1.4 GHz - dell type round ac needed 90W 19.5V 4.62A - 21 inch 1080p screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LG 24CK560N-3A 24' All-in-One Thin Client Monitor, 27CN650N-6N 27CN650W-AC 27', 34CN650W-AC 34', 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Prairie Falcon GX-212JJ 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab fit-PC4 fitPC4 4x 2Ghz AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64 - 2x DDR4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL Hedgehog M340C UD3 thin client 
*2016 V1.0 AMD GX-412HC 1.2GHz-1.6GHz Radeon R3E, normal bios DEL for Bios or F12 boot selector 
*2018 AMD GX-424CC 2.4GHz, Radeon R5E, UEFI hit DEL and choose boot or SCU icon 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SATA half slim version '''limited space''' with msata slot on earlier 2016 models
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Radeon R3E later R5E dvi dp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with codec ?? (412) and  Realtek ALC662-VD0-GR (424), both case speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;amd usb3 boot usb2 with bios &quot;disable usb&quot; entry 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111 (412) and (424)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One x86 USB 1.5, 1.8 and 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 20cm/8&quot; high case - 1 DDR3L sodimm slot max 8Gb 1600MHz - external '''12V 3A''' supply with 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - IDE like interface under base stand is for legacy addon ports RS232 parallel etc - capacitive touch power on - case opening 3 stages, remove stand and narrow black plastic strip from the back, top cover slides off to the back and lifts off - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD3 M350C (UEFI issues) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™ R R1505G Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C AMD Ryzen V1605B Thin Client
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 AMD Ryzen™ Embedded V1605B 2 – 3.6 GHz (Quad-Core) - 12v 5A psu - up to 16GB RAM DDR4 - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix Barebone Mini PC BSRE-1605
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EliteGroup LIFA Q3 Plus 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen Embedded V1000, V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM Deskmini UM250 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle DA320 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 R5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual realtek 1GbE 8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit AMD 2200G 2400G - Robust metal 1.3-liter case - A320 chipset DDR4 - 19V 6.32A DC PSU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T-Bao MN25 Mini PC 2500U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Unk|Intel NVMe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA Radeon Vega 8}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek PCIe 1GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum DeskMini UM300 3300U, UM350 DMAF5 3550H, UM370 3750H  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER3 GTR4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 3 or 10 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RJ45 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 3200u or 3750h 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER4 GTR5
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;cant boot from installed SSDs unless its an M.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 or 2 Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 4700U or 5900HX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI PRO DP20Z 5M Mini PC - AMD Ryzen 5 5300G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;R3 3200G Vega 8 - R5 3400G Vega 11 - Ryzen 5 5600G Vega 7 - Athlon 3000G
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM450 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - Ryzen 4500U - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix 
GB-BRR7-4800 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR7-4700 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR5-4500 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR3-4300 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN50 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN51-S1 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega thru dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 19v or 19.5v 90w psu round barrel - 32gb ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum Bessstar Tech EliteMini B550 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 x 2.5in and 2 nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|4 usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 8125 2.5GbE}}  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit AMD 4700G 5700G desktop cpu - 19v 120w round barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A300 and later X300 Mini itx with Desktop AM4 socket 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - choose your own AMD APU GE 35w based - DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 4x4 BOX-5800U Zen 3-based AMD Ryzen 7 5800U 15W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 slot gen 3 and sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 GbE and 1 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - WiFi 6E - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton S500+ Gaming Mini PC - Morefine S500+ 5900HX Mini PC - Minisforum UM590 Ryzen AMD Zen3 Ryzen 9 5900HX 7 5800H 45W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 1 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru HDMI 2.0, DP 1.4, and USB type-C 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 realtek rtl 8111h and 1 8125 2.5GbE bg-cg}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 sodimm ddr4 3200MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chuwi RzBox 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 vga, dp, hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|usb-c usb2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual gigabit 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit amd 5800h 4800h - 90w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC SER5, Trigkey AZW S5, Asus PN52, ZHI BEN MX-JB560, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe3 M.2 2280 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 6 with 1 or 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5500U 5560u 5600U to PRO 5600H 5800H - 19v 3.42W 65W psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NIPOGI Kamrui ACEMAGICIAN AM06PRO Dual LAN Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 5 5500U or 5600U/5625U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE ports 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - plastic build - 90w usb-c power - loud at 25W setting - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton FU02 Fanless Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U 5600U 5800U 8 Core 16 Threads
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 3.0 with 2 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x 1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - fanless with copper cube from cpu to metal sheet which gets warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xuu XR1 Lite (5300u 4c 8t) PRO 5400U   MAX 5600U  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe 2242 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 6
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 quiet fan - very small case no expansions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM UM690 Venus Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie4 nvme 2280 and 1 sata3 2.5in 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|1 USB4 and 2 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C16T - 2 ddr5 sodimmm - 19v ???W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR6 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M RDNA2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5GbE or intel i225}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit Ryzen 9 6900HX Zen3+ and a 2gb Radeon 680m 12CU ddr5 sodimm - 19v 120w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PN53, Geekom AS 6, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie gen4 nvme and ata 2.5in
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi and 1 dp
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|2 usb-c, 2 USB2.1 and 3 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C 16T - 2 slots ddr5 sodimmm (64Gb max) - 19v 120W - 4 retained base screws beware ribbon cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Micro Computer (HK) Tech Ltd MinisForum UM773 Lite, GMKtec K2 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe PCIe4.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RDNA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - AMD Zen 3+ (8c 16t) Ryzen 7 7735HS, 7840HS and AMD Ryzen 9 7845HX - 120w ac adapter - ddr5 sodimm 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.asrockind.com/en-gb/4x4 ASrock 4x4 SBC] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata or nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega or 680M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 or USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE or intel 2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR7 SER7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4 nvme 2280 up to 2Tb
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M RDNA3 GPU output on hdmi and dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1 or 2 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit AMD Phoenix APUs Zen 4 CPU Ryzen 7 7840HS or 9 7940HS (8c 16t) - 19v 5.26A 120w psu - del dios setup f7 choose boot - 2 thunderbolt-type usb-c on back - up to 64gb via 2 ddr5 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Server Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

====IBM====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;xSeries 206m
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI RN50b (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0 (UHCI/EHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014-09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Motherboard===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* Late 2002, USB2.0 added and slightly better AROS sound support (AC97) appeared 
* 2002-2005 and still, to a limited extent, ongoing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague bad capacitors] 
* Late 2003, ATX PSUs moved from 5V to 12v rails (extra 4pin on motherboard for CPU) 


* Late 2005, PCI Express replaced AGP and HDAudio replaced AC97 
* Late 2007, ATX PSUs added extra 12V PCI-E connectors and 4+4pin for CPUs 
* Late 2010, USB3.0 appears on motherboards or needing a PCI-E motherboard slot 

* Late 2014 Hardware USB2 removed from USB3 chipsets 


====AMD====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 7 (1997/1999)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1997 VT82C586B (QFP-208) is the first from VIA with DDMA
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 VT82C686 has close to excellent DDMA support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;SiS 5581/5582
SiS 5591/5595
SiS 530 /5595
SiS 600/5595
SiS 620/5595
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket A 462 (2001/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2217921/ABIT-NF7-S-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Abit NF7-S] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SIL 3112A  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97 (Nvidia APU)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201LB  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Realtek RTL8801B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7NF2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce2 ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMedia CMI 9761A AC'97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8201 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S8X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 746FX 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97 cmedia}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S41GX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 741GX + DDR 333
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|onboard sis does not work with vga or vesa but AGP 8x works}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SIS 7012}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS 900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works ok
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.asus.com ASUS A7N8X] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Silicon Image Sil 3112A
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ehci USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;first total support for AROS in 2004/5 - damocles and M Schulz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar M7NCD
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chaintech 7NJS Ultra Zenith
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Promise PDC 20376  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|CMI8738}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty NF2 Ultra
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|via ac97 VT1616}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8139C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ECS N2U400-A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Cmedia 9379A AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|VIA VT6103L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA7N400L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.gigabyte.lv/products/page/mb/ga-8siml Gigabyte 8SIML] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 650
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8100L LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Matsonic [http://www.elhvb.com/mobokive/archive/matsonic/manual/index.html Manuals] MS83708E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS730 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|SiS 5513}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|sis 305 no support use VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|sis7018}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|SiS 7001 USB 1.1 only}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SIS900}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=bph07585&amp;lc=en&amp;dlc=en&amp;cc=us&amp;dest_page=softwareCategory&amp;os=228&amp;tool=softwareCategory&amp;query=Pavilion%20742n&amp;product=89232 MSI MS-6367 HP 722n 742n (Mambo) (2001/2)] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nforce 220D (2001/2) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce2 AGP works 2D nouveau only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 ADI 1885 no volume control on Units 0-3}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB1.1 ports AMD based - front 2 ports iffy}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|nForce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested 20th Aug 2012 NB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 [http://us.msi.com/index.php?func=proddesc&amp;maincat_no=1&amp;prod_no=546/ Delta ILSR] Delta-L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 Delta2-LSR Platinum  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 ALC655}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2204281/Soltek-SL-75MRN-L-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Soltek 75FRN-L] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8201BL}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.3dvelocity.com/reviews/mach4nf2ultra/mach4.htm XFX Pine Mach4 nForce2 Ultra 400] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|3 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports VIA VT6240}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A7V266 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;via KT266A + 8233 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{no|issues}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with AD1980 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 8233 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6103 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 issues with booting 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A7V8X-X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|agp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with ADI AD1980 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA 8235}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|Realtek 10/100}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not booting for Socket A for AMD Barton/Thoroughbred/Athlon XP/Athlon/Duron 2.25+ GHz CPU - 3 x DDR DIMM Sockets Max. 3 GB - 
|-
|}


=====Socket 754 (2004/5)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit NF8-V2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB (2004/5)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot x8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 ac97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;a little support but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar CK8 K8HNA Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;VT6420 thru ide legacy only 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 ALC655}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.extremeoverclocking.com/reviews/motherboards/Chaintech_ZNF3-150_3.html Chaintech ZNF3-150 Zenith] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|Sli3114 SATA via IDE emul}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA Envy24PT (VT1720) + VT1616}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom GbE 5788}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very little support needs PCI cards but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty UT nF3 250GB 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250gb
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports nForce3 and 2 Marvell SATA PHY}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC850}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;CK8S - Winfast NF3 250K8AA works and Marvell 88E1111 does not work
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 some support but no Firewire VIA VT6307
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8N
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI43AB23 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte K8NNXP
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata sil3512 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTl8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI STB82AA2 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8NSNXP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SiI 3512 CT128 Sata Sil3515
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvel 88E8001}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K8N Neo-FIS2R 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nVIDIA NF3-250Gb 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek 7.1 AC'97 ALC850 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E1111}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://techreport.com/articles.x/5748/1 Shuttle AN50R] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF3-150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sil 3112 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC650 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia nF3 (10/100) Intel 82540EM Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Foxconn WinFast K8S755A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SiS755 + SiS964 (DDR333) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Socket 939 (2005)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-LA GeForce 6150 LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Geforce 6150 (MCP51) + nForce 430 (PC-3200)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|two ATA 133}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|four 3.0GB/s SATAII ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;built in or PCI-E x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC883 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201CL 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-SLI Premium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVidia 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|PCIe slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce LAN but not Marvell}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI nF4 Ultra-D LanParty - Diamond Flower International sold to BenQ group 2010 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF4 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA 2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Gigabit Ethernet, PCIe by Vitesse VSC8201 PHY nee Cicada 8201, PCI by Marvel 88E8001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit - Four 184-pin DDR Dual-Channel Slots - 1 pci on Ultra, 2 pci on sli, 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8V E SE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T890 +VT8237R CHIPSET ATX AMD Motherboard with Athlon 64 X2 / Athlon 64 FX / Athlon 64 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe}} AC97 driver using Realtek ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} USB 2.0 only 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No}} Marvell 88E8053 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good base but needs additional PCI cards added for better support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A8V Deluxe (2004) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T800 Pro (DDR400)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;Promise 20378 2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 SATA2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA VT8233A 8235 8237 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;needs extra PCI cards
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock 939Dual-SATA2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali Uli M1695 PCIe with M1567 AGP 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 Sata with JMicron JMB360 chip 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e and 1 agp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8201CL PHY ULi 10/100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;64bit pci-e and agp combo on board - 4 ddr slots - 
|}


=====Socket AM2 (2006/8) and AM2+ (2007-2010) =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M61PME-S2 (rev. 2.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 6100 / nForce 430 chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Realtek ALC662 Audio Codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N61-AR mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE via vga or 1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Nvidia
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit - 1 pci - 2 ddr2 dimm slots non-eec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus m2n68-am se2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nvidia 630a 630/a MCP68SE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports MCP61 chipset is SATA over IDE, not SATA over AHCI and reports subsystem as 0x1 IDE, not 0x6 SATA 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nvidia 7025 2d and 3d thru vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|hd audio with realtek alc662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce chipset RTL 8201CP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Phenom IIX2, Athlon 64 LE X2, Sempron, and Phenom FX processors - ddr2 667Mhz ram max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM2+ / AM2 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M3A32-MVP Deluxe
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 790FX RD790 + SB600 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88SE6121 SATA II}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio ADI® AD1988}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8056}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASROCK N68-S N68C-S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD based nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|slimline DVD drive works}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GF 7025 use vesa}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for VIA 1708S VT1705}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|echi usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201EL / 8201CL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 unbuffered 1066Mhz ddr2 ram - N68C-S may need noacpi added to grub boot line to disable pci temporarily to run as it cannot get to [PCI] Everything OK - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N68-AM Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 64, Sempron, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon 64 FX with nvidia 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;no vga, pci-e slot only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with ALC662 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8211CL Gigabit LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;adding &quot;noacpi noapic noioapic&quot; to the GRUB options - Dual channel DDR2 1066, 800, 667 MHz  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68M-S2 (1.0) S2P (2.3) S2L GA-M68SM-S2 (1.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025,  vga (s2 and s2p), dvi (s2l) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC883 (S2), ALC888B (S2P), ALC662 (S2L), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8201CL (S2), 8211CL (S2P), 8211BL (S2L), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit possible with AMD AM2+ CPU on AM2 motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0(5200MHz) to HT1.0(2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M2N68-VM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a (MCP68PVNT) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia GeForce ® 7050PV hdmi, dvi and vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio VIA 1708B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8211C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - ddr2 800Mhz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM3 White socket (2010/11)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA74GM-S2 GA-MA74GM-S2H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;740g with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|bios IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 2100 and pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 (r1.x),ALC888b (r2.0), ALC888B (rev4.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111C later 8111D
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 23.4cm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.vesalia.de/e_aresone2011.htm Aresone 2011]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;760g 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|no Radeon HD3000 driver yet&lt;br&gt;vesa driver works&lt;br&gt;and add PCIe card}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support - 4 DDR3 memory sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn A76ML-K 3.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760g rev3.0
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|4 in IDE mode }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 1.0 to 1.4) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|4 sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8168 rtl8111c/d}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 2.0 2.1)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM3 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A785TD-M PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;785G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|ide legacy}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4200 - use vesa}} or pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support with 1366 ddr3 ram - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M4A88T-I Deluxe ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G with AMD SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Three SATA 3Gbps
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4350 GPU with HDMI and DVI or One 16x PCI-Express 2.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB 2, 2 x USB 3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8112L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 SODIMM DDR3 slots max 8GB
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A88T-M Version E5907 E5826 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 4250 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek rtl8169 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte 890GPA-UD3H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890GX together with SB850
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use pci-e nvidia 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe - ALC892 rev. 1.0, ALC892 rev 2.1, ALC889 rev. 3.1 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well overall 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-890FXA-UD7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX with SB850 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 2.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|AMD USB2 but limited with NEC D720200F1 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111D 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - XL-ATX Form Factor 32.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 890GXM-G65 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;890GX + SB750
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI 4290 built-in (vesa)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 DD GR}} HD Audio crackles 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock N68-VS3 FX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA® VT1705 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek PHY RTL8201EL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x DDR3 DIMM slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GF615M-P35 MS-7597
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC888S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|freezes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8211CL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.3), ACL887 (3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit possible, AMD AM3 CPU on this motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0 (5200MT/s) to HT1.0 (2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.x 2.x), ALC889 (3.0), ALC888B/889 (3.1),  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4N78 PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 8300  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 xUltraDMA 133/100 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce® 8 series GPU with 1 PCIe 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA1708S 8 -Channel  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;12 USB 2.0 ports (8 ports at mid-board, 4 ports at back panel)  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x DIMM, Max. 16 GB, DDR2 1200(O.C.)/1066*/800/667 ECC,Non-ECC,Un-buffered Memory - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 9.6 inch ( 30.5 cm x 24.4 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket AM3+ Black socket (2012/15)=====

*095W FX-6300 FD6300WMHKBOX (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320E 8core Black Editions FD832EWMHKBOX  FX-8370E  (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*125W FX-6310 (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320 FX-8350 FX-8370 (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*220W 990FX mobos with FX-9000 FX-9370 FX-9590 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M5A78L-M LX3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G with SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887, V? ALC892 codecs 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros 8161/8171 add realtek 8111? pci-e card}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - uATX Form Factor 9.6  inch x 7.4  inch ( 24.4  cm x 18.8  cm ) - 2 x DIMM, Max. 16GB, DDR3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|6 SATA2 ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GT240 and a nv7900gs, both pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 (r3.1), ALC??? (rev. 4.0), ALC887 (r5.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8111E (r3.1), Atheros (rev4.0), Atheros (r5.x) }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 offers very poor control over its EFI vs. BIOS booting partition features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-USB3 (r3.0), (r4.1 Blue board), (r5.0 dark board), (rev6 dark mobo)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Bios IDE mode for SATA2 on early ones}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD3000, pci-e GT240 and a nv7900gs 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC??? (r3.0), ALC887 (r4.1), VIA VT2021 (r5.0), Realtek® ALC892 codec (rev6) }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not VIA® VL805 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 4 x DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 760GM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATI 760G plus SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 Use Vesa 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|P33 VT1705; P34, P21 and P23 (FX) MS7641 v3.0 ALC887,  E51 ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;P23 issues with audio ALC887 crackles thru earphones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigayte GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 3.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with Realtek ALC888/892 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111d/e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 890FX Deluxe5 Extreme3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX + AMD SB850 or SB950 (Extreme3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111E rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A97 R2.0 EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 and SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Asmedia SATA Controller 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;n/a
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (LE), ALC887 (Regular), ALC892 (EVO) codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 and 2 Asmedia USB3.0 Controller 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111F 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC??? (rev. 1.0/1.1), ALC887 (rev1.2), VIA VT2021 codec (rev 1.3 1.4 and rev3.0) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not Etron EJ168 chip (USB3)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 8111E (all revisions), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit - ATX Form Factor 30.5cm x 22.4cm - 4 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 970 Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;970FX SB950
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1150 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 usb2 with 2 USB3 VIA VL806 Chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Killer E2205 Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A99X EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;990X - RD980 with SB920 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 pci-e gen ?
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-990XA-UD3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 990 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 1.x, 3.0, 3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 not 2 x Etron EJ168 chips for USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8169 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====AMD Fusion (2011/14)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| 1.2GHz single Bobcat Fusion C30 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| IDE
| SATA
| AMD 6250 
| Audio
| USB
| Ethernet
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| Asus E35M1-M PRO uATX
| 1.6GHz 18W AMD Fusion E-350 dual core + Hudson M1
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC887 VD2 
| USB
| RTL8111E 
| EFI bios [http://www.anandtech.com/show/4023/the-brazos-performance-preview-amd-e350-benchmarked] 
|-
| Asus E35M1-I Deluxe miniITX
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC892 
| USB
| Realtek 8111E 
| no support for Atheros AR5008 on a Mini PCI-E
|-
| ASRock E350M1 / USB3 (also version with USB3.0 added) 
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA - 4 SATA3 
| {{Maybe|AMD 6310 - use vesa with hdmi and dvi}} 
| {{Yes|Audio ALC892 playback but no HDMI output}} 
| USB - 4 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 
| {{Yes|rtl8169 for Realtek 8111E 8411 ethernet chipset}}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N-USB3 mini-ITX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Hudson M1 FCH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; plus HDMI, DVI 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 NEC USB3.0 with 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N Win8 V1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 FCH A45 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Use VESA - AMD 6310 plus HDMI, DVI}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC887 playback through headphones but not thru hdmi}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 USB2.0 needs more testing}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8168B}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well but need to test with sata hard disk 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI E350IA-E45 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;e-350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;no support 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata3 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 6310 gpu 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 through NEC 720200 chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-M PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E450 APU with Hudson M1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-I Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E-450 together 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM1 (2011/13)=====

On board Graphic on CPU - HD6410D, HD6530D, HD6550D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS F1A55-M LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with AMD A55 FCH (Hudson D2)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s port(s), blue Support Raid 0, 1, 10, JBOD 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 2.0 slot or Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 6000 in Llano APU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 Audio CODEC  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 A- Series/E2- Series APUs up to 4 cores - 2 x DIMM, Max. 32GB, DDR3 2250(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 White Socket (2012/13)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A75 A85X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 Plus Black socket (2013/15)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A88X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM1 FS1b socket (2014/1x)=====

5350 4 core Jaguar cores 2GHz with Integrated AMD Radeon R Series Graphics in the APU Kabini [Radeon HD 8400] 

Later Beema APU with 2/4 core Puma (slightly updated Jaguar) cores, GCN graphics and a compute capable Radeon core, along with a brand new AMD security processor and FT3 BGA packaging (probably best avoided for long term survival).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AM1I-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek® ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111GR 8168 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1M 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;BGA FT3 AM1x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM4 FM3 Summit Ridge Zen Zen+ (2016/22)=====

Jim Keller’s group designed x86 Zen CPU - new and covering the same AM4 platform/socket for desktop 

Zen will also shift from Bulldozer’s Clustered Multithreading (CMT) to Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT, aka Intel’s Hyperthreading). CMT is the basis for Bulldozer’s unusual combination of multiple integer cores sharing a single FPU within a module, so the move to SMT is a more “traditional” design for improving resource usage

Trusted Platform Module, or fTPM, that Windows 11 requires. Ryzen processors using a firmware TPM are causing stutters, even when doing mundane tasks. To enable TPM 2.0 on your AMD system please follow the steps below.
&lt;pre&gt;
    Power on system and press DEL or F2 to get into the BIOS.
    Navigate to Advanced\CPU Configuration.
    Enable AMD fTPM switch.
    Press F10 to save changes.
&lt;/pre&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VI Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 (1x16 or 2x8) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SupremeFX audio features an S1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel I211 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 7 1800X 1700X 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar X370gtn Itx Am4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Dragon LAN RTL8118AS 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-AX370 K7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with 2 x Realtek® ALC1220 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 intel and 1 E2500 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  4 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Xpower Gaming Titanium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;8-channel Realtek 1220 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;ASMedia® ASM2142 and amd cpu 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 x Intel® I211AT Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Prime B350 Plus ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 5 1600x 1600 1500X 1400 - 4 x DIMM Max 64GB, DDR4 up to 2666MHz ECC and non-ECC Memory - ATX 12 inch x 9.35 inch ( 30.5 cm x 23.7 cm )  - 2 pci 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME B350M-A/CSM Micro ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 3 1300x 1200 1100 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Pro4 AB350 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe 3.0 x16, 4 PCIe 2.0 x1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock AB350 Gaming-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B350 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B350 Tomahawk Arctic Mortar 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCIe 3.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;white and grey colours - 2 pci-e and 2 pci slots - m.2 in middle - atx 12 in by 9.6 in and matx versions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue M-ATX B350M-TI 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B350I-Plus ITX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A320M-ITX MINI ITX Rev1.0 Rev2 Rev2.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME A320M-C R2.0 rev1.1 A320M-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 A/B300 SFF 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek ALC887 alc897 CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.1 gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 3rd/2nd/1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ / 2nd and 1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ with Radeon™ Vega 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A320M-A PRO MicroATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A320  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG X399 Zenith Extreme  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X399 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; supremefx s1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Threadripper 1950X 1920X 1900X TR4 skt 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Fatality X470 Gaming K4 mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Fatal1ty X470 Gaming-ITXac AMD AM4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS ROG STRIX X470-I GAMING AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B450-I Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;high VRM temps - raven ridge 14nm+ like 2200G 2400G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B450 Gaming K4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; alc892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 4 ddr4 slots - low VRM thermals 3900x 3950x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B450 I Aorus Pro Wifi 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme pcie3 with 4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very high vrm temps 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B450i Gaming ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 - none nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64 2nd 3rd AMD - 2 ddr4 dimm slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b450 tomahawk max 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; b450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek® ALC892 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 Pro Carbon 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450-A PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450I GAMING Plus AC ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 - 2nd and 3rd gen AMD - 2 ddr4 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B450M M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock X570 PHANTOM GAMING-ITX/TB3 Mini ITX AM4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X570  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VIII Dark Hero
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X570 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; SupremeFX7.1 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I211-AT and Realtek® RTL8125-CG 2.5G LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix X570-I Gaming Mini ITX AM4 Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG X570 Gaming Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix B550-i AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue Jingyue B550i Gaming itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;3 with 1 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio alc
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit max of Ryzen 5500 (c t), 5600, 5600g (6c12t) - 2 ddr4 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock B550 PHANTOM GAMING ITX/AX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 2.5G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B550M-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek ALC887/897 Audio Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Gigabit LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG STRIX B550-A GAMING
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe Gen4 x4 &amp; SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  supremefx S1220A
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I225-V 2.5Gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte AMD B550I AORUS PRO AX Mini-ITX rev 1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme pci-e3 with 4 sata3
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  2 x DDR4 DIMM sockets  1Rx8/2Rx8/1Rx16 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 DP and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-C 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit- finer tuning than A520's - AMD Ryzen 5000 Series/ 3rd Gen Ryzen and 3rd Gen Ryzen with Radeon Graphics CPU - Dual Channel ECC/ Non-ECC Unbuffered DDR4, 4 DIMMs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550M DS3H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8118 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit - 4 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG B550 GAMING PLUS ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Processors - 4 dimm ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MAG B550 TOMAHAWK ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (up to Type 22110) and 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280)
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 with dp and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 1 x USB 3.1 Type-C and 1 x USB 3.1 Type-A
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8125B and Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 4 Dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue A520M-H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; old bios with random issues with APU ryzens - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520M S2H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up - 2 ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520I AC mITX mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up 5600G (6c12t) or 5700G (8c16t) - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A520M-A PRO mATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Desktop and AMD Ryzen 4000 G-Series CPU 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===== (Socket AM5 LGA1718 Zen4 2022/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Steel Legend 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 64Gb @ 6000Mhz or 128GB @ 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock TaiChi
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 with Thunderbolt 4 equivalent 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek killer E3000 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 7950x3d 120W, 7900 7800 7600 90W 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B650E-I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  - better sound with an actual AMP, PCIe 5, USB-C display outs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B650M WIFI M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b650i mini itx
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023   - front panel connectors at the back of the board - dead rear nvme slot and a drained CMOS battery as the CMOS button being pressed during shipping - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M Zen4
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen5 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen6 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===== (Zen? AM? 203x/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


====Intel====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 370 (2000/2)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel D815EEA 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;866Mhz P3 and i815 chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia AGPx8 6200LE added}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 USB1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested AspireOS 1.7, simple basic board with useful 5 PCI slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket 478 (2002/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=zh-CN&amp;u=http://detail.zol.com.cn/motherboard/index46381.shtml&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3Dc.865pe.l%2Bmotherboard%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3DsZB%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official Colorful Technology C.865PE-L Silver Fighter Warrior V2.3] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865PE
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|tested with CDROM}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AGP slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALC650 AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 1.1 and 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8100 8139}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Still testing with NB (Nightly Build) May 2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865P
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 800}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865GC 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 865 Extreme Graphics 2}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA775 s775 (2005/8)=====

an industry standard DDR2 module could in theory contain fallback JEDEC, intel XMP and AMD EPP configuration data 

Intel PC CL5 ram modules but an &quot;AMD&quot; CL5 ram module the BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) but can recognize the CL5 timing info in the JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an AMD PC CL6 ram modules but an &quot;INTEL&quot; CL6 ram module the BIOS cannot read the INTEL XMP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL6 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an INTEL PC needs CL6 ram modules but have an &quot;AMD&quot; CL4 ram module. INTEL BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL4 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS recognizes module timings as incompatible an refuses to boot.  

entirely separate issue if the RAM module timing specs are incompatible.(i.e. CL4 RAM in a &quot;CL6 only&quot; PC) 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit AG8 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8110S-32 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 32bit - Firewire TI 4200R7T no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 915 Neo2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMI 9880L HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcomm BCM5751 PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6306 no 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5GC P5GC-MX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945GC Lakeport-GC + ICH7R northbridge
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 3.0 Gbit/s ports  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe 1.1 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|atheros L2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 32bit - 3 pci slots - 4 x 240-pin DIMM Sockets max. 4GB DDR2 667/533 non-ECC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn PC45CM-SA 45CM-S 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|pcie 1.0 slot with gma950 integrated}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with aLC883 codec playback}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|realtek 8139 8100sc}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 dimm slots 667mhz max 4gb - can be found in Advent desktops - 2 pci-e and 2 pci - core 2 duo only e6xxx - Micro ATX (9.6” x 8.8”) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-81945GM MFY-RH
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® 945GM Express with ICH7M-DH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA950 VGA15 and PCI-e 1.0 slot}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC880 codec playback only rear port}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO1000PL 82573L Gigabit Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 MoDT term “Mobile on DeskTop.”, low TDP CPUs to work on desktop form-factor motherboards. mATX Micro ATX 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 2 DDR2 dimm 1.8v slots with 4Gb max - will not boot if PCI2 slot occupied - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-945 GCM S2C
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|8101E Rtl 8169 (1.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA945-GCM S2L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCi-E slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with ALC662 codec 2/4/5.1-channel (1.x)}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111c 8169 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM 4GB DDR2 memory max - 2 PCI-e and 2 PCI - Micro ATX form factor; 24.4cm x 19.3cm  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo-F rev 1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC662 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo2-F rev 1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P31-DS3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI Express x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111B 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DDR2 800Mhz up to 4Gb 4 x 240 pin - 3 PCI - ATX 12.0&quot; x 8.3&quot; - 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL-AM /PS 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 1.1 with integrated Intel® GMA 3100 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT1708B with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8102EL 100/10 LAN with Realtek RTL8111C Gigabit LAN  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 2 GB DDR2 Non-ECC,Un-buffered DIMMs with 2 PCI - Intel Graphics Media Accelerator - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL/EPU 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pci-e 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169 Realtek 8111C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested - 4 240-pin DIMM, Max. 4 GB - 4 pci-e and 3 pci - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 8.2 inch ( 30.5 cm x 20.8 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G31M ES2L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 plus ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3100 2d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC883 (1.x), ALC883/888B (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL8111C (1.x), Atheros 8131 (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces DRAM capacity to 4GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r1.0  G31M-GS
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{partial|rtl8169 RTL8111DL 8169 (for -GS) RTL8102EL (for -S)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig AMI bios MicroATX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8111DL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig MicroATX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/reseller/apac/eng/products/desktop/bdb/dg31pr/feature/index.htm Intel DG31PR] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG31 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|3100 but can use PCIe 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111B Rtl 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel G33 Express Chipset with ich9 southbridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3100 powervr tile based 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - embedded on Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual-Core CPUS with Integrated GPU Intel GMA 3100 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P5G41T-M LX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH8 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X4500 some 2d only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros L1c AR8131}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces maximum supported memory ddr3 from 16 to 8GB 2 dimm slots non-EEC - demotes the PCIe controller mode from revision 2.0 (5.0GT/s) to revision 1.1 (2.5GT/s
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VT1708S (1.3), ALC887-VD2 (1.4), ALC887 (2.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros AR8151 l1c (1.x 2.x), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2PT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (1.0), VIA (2.0), ALC887 (2.1)
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111E (1.x), Atheros AR8151 l1c (2.1), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 Port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA X4500 2d only and pci-e 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888B}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports + headers
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111 D/E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P41T D3P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7 with Intel Core 2 Duo (E6xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 889/892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111C or D/E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel DG41AN Classic 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG41 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888S ALC888VC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock P5B-DE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P965 + ICH8 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|works ide legacy}}
|&lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|with PCI-E 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio via VT1708S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5B SE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 intel 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well except ethernet 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5W DH Deluxe P5WDG2 WS PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;975X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC882 AND LATER ADI 1988B 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8052 88E8053}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI TSB43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IP35 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 Express + ICH9R  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;two RTL8110SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB43 AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P35 Neo F FL MS-7630 rev 1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel P35 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC888
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base model of this range of P35 mobos 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-P35-DS3
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 and ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889A codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111B
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-EP35-DS3 (rev. 2.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® P35 + ICH9 Chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|4 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Realtek ALC889A codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes | }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111B}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IX38 Quad GT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; HD Audio ALC888 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8110SC 8169SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB 43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte X38-DQ6
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;twin 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-EP45 DS3 (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 or ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s (SATAII0, SATAII1, SATAII2, SATAII3, SATAII4, SATAII5)  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E v2.0 x16 slots support splitting its 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes across two cards at x8 transfers 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888  or ALC889A codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111C chips (10/100 /1000 Mbit)  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets non-EEC 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P45 Platinum (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G45 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;adds Intel’s GMA X4500HD graphics engine to P45 Express features 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G43 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;removes HD video acceleration from the G45’s features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5E Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X48 with ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ADI 1988B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell 88E8001 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte GA-X48 DQ6 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X48 plus ICH9R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TSB43AB23 no - ICH9 pairs with Intel’s 3-series (X38, P35, etc.) chipsets, in addition to the X48 Express, but excluding the G35 Express 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte EP43-DS3L  and Gigabyte GA-EP43-UD3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P43 with ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s connectors 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCI Express x16 slot PCI Express 2.0 standard
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets - 4 pcie x1 - 2 pci - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 21.0cm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 73-pvm-s2h rev.1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 7100 nForce 630i 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|3 ports SATA2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d GeForce 7100 (vga /hdmi/dvi), 1 PCIe x16 Slot }} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC889A MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|7 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL 8211B MCP73}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Not, tested with Icaros Desktop 2.0.3 MCP73 is a single chip solution in three different versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nvidia 7150 630i 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel based nForce 630i (MCP73)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--GFX--&gt;GF 7150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO ALC883}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ohci echi}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;being tested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; the MCP73PV or the GeForce 7050/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73S or the GeForce7025/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73V or the GeForce 7025/nForce 610i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Atom SOC (2008/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945CLF 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N230 single core 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA945}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}} Skt 441
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works very well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.clusteruk.com iMica D945GCKF2 mobo]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N330 Dual Core
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;wip
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945GSEJT + Morex T1610 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom 230 with 945GSE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA900 vga but issues with DVI output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;small size, runs off 12V 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AT3N7A-I  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom N330 Nvidia ION
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|3 ports legacy IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|nouveau  cube  cube 2 45  quake 3 }}  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with VIA 1708S codec playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 device}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAiJpvu73iw&lt;/ref&gt; good but can freeze randomly at times 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D410PT 45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D410 and NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA3150}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 or ALC66x odd clicks}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D510 and NM10 + GMA3150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B or ALC66x 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111DL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-D525TUD (rev. 1.0 1.2 1.5)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D525 NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N|A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;gma 3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 8g - Mini-ITX Form Factor; 17.0cm x 17.0cm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1366 (2009/10)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P6T DELUXE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x58 + ICH10 and Intel 1st gen. (Nehalem/Lynnfield) Core i7 (8xx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 (r2.0) slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ADI AD2000B HD Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8056 Gigabit}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6308 no
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;gigabyte ex58 ds 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; x58 + ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111D rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1156 (2010)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire M3910
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALCxxx playback}} ALC888B (Rev1.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111D}} (Rev 1.x) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested but no support for WLAN Realtek 8188su 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H55M-E33 v1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E7636 M7636 H55 chipset so older i3/i5/i7 system
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC889}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|PCI-E Realtek 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P7P55D
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe | via codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe |rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111B/C  RTL8112L }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1155 H2 (2010/13)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P8H61-I LX R2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 - up to ivybridge cpus - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H61-I/RM/SI mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 up to i3-2010 - OEM board from an RM machine but not ivybridge as the Asus BIOS isn't compatible with these, 0909 hacked one might work - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus p8h61-i lx r2.0/rm/si mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;h61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with VIA codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 sandy and ivy - oem from rm machine 2 x 240-Pin DDR3 DIMM sockets max DDR3 1333MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;‎Bewinner 63q9c7omvs V301 ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata with nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8106E 100M Network Card 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar H61 H61MHV2 H61MHV3 Ver. 7.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with Intel Pentium G 2xxx series CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC662 later ALC897
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61M-D2-B3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + Sandybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61MA-D3V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe No Realtek ALC887 (Rev 2.0) ALC887 (Rev2.1) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H61M-S2PV 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with 2400k 2500k 2600k 2700k 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (rev 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rtl811E (1.0) 8151 (2.0) Rtl8111F (2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Micro ATX Form Factor; 24.4cm x 20cm with 2 pci-e and 2 pci - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel Classic Series DH61CR Desktop 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61M-P20 (G3) MS-7788 
*retail MSI board 
*OEM Advent, etc 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|four SATAII ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCI Express gen3 (retail) gen2 (oem) x16 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8105E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 slots - 22.6cm(L) x 17.3cm(W) M-ATX Form Factor - BIOS - [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=6009#post_6007 works well], 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61I-E35 (B3) MS-7677 Ver.1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=5861#post_5861 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H67-M
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H67 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8Z68-V LX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Intel 2nd generation (Sandy Bridge) Core i7 (2xxx) CPU and possibly ivybridgev
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Intel HD with ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - EFI bios - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Z68AP-D3 (B3) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H 1.0 1.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit i5 3550 7 3770 - 4 DDR3 slots - 2 full pci-e 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z77 D3H with i3 3225 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1150 H3 (2013/2016)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H87N-WIFI mITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H87 and Intel 4th generation (Haswell) Core i5 (4xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Atheros 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81M-C H81M-P-SI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 (4xxx) CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x3g 2x6g
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio alc887 vd
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111gr
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;skt 1150 - 2 ddr3 max 16g - mini atx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD4000 igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit intel 4th gen mini itx - external dc brick with 19v rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 ddr3 laptop sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN chip 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit up to i7 4790K - 2 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H81M-D3V (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata2 2 sata3 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|intel and VIA® VL805}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 Realtek }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z87-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t i5 4c4t CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-Z87X-UD3H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 Express 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek® ALC898 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA H97M D3H r1.0 r1.1 with i3 4360 or 4370 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z97 A with i7 4790K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;750, 960, 970 and 980 nvidia GTX cards 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan ethernet 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z97X UD3H rev1.0 1.1 1.2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with i5 4690K 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC1150
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GAMING 5 Z97 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS Q87M-E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Q87 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1151 Socket H4 (2015/2018)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Skylake CPUs have TPM 2.0 imbedded 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110 Plus H110M-A/DP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with 6th Gen Core and 7th with bios update 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sunrise Point-H SATA [AHCI mode] [8086 a102] 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Skylake Integrated HD Graphics use PIC-E slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC887 Audio CODEC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI [8086: a12f] no usb2.0 fallback 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111GR or 8111H RTL8111 8168 8411}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;ATX with 3 pci-e and 2 DDR4 slots - uatx version smaller - turn off TLSF as it was causing AHI driver to corrupt. Turned off ACPI for errors but works fine once booted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H110M-R M-ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit 6th Gen Skylake Core™ i7/Core™ 6950X i7-6970HQ i7-6700K 4c8t hyperthreading, i5/Core™ i5-6600K 4c4t i3/Pentium® / Celeron® - 2 DDR4 DIMMS Max 32GB 2133MHz - 1 full pci-e and 2 pci-e 1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Intel/Realtek GbE languard 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 - mini itx 12v / 19v laptop type rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - no pci-e slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H110M-S2H MATX Rev1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 (USB 3.1 Gen 1) ports with 4 us2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Msi H110M-PRO-VH 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek® ALC887 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6th gen intel -  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H170 Pro Gaming
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Asmedia USB3.1/3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Z170A TOMAHAWK 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sara, 1 x 2280 Key M(PCIe Gen3 x4/SATA), 1 x 2230 Key E(Wi-Fi) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit up to i7 7700k - 2 DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GIGABYTE GA-B250M-DS3H HD3P D3H D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B250 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 coffee lake intel 8th gen
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Kaby Lake X Intel 7th Gen 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Z390 with Kaby Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Q370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; H370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B360M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Rampage 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x299 with  i9
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  - up to 24 to 44 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 
| &lt;!--Chipset--X299 &gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1200 (2020/2022)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H510M-A PRO (MS-7D22)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Comet Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit-  up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME H410M-E
Asrock H470M-HDV/M.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Rocket Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1700 (2023/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Alder Lake / Raptor Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 2022 64bit - QoS work to 2 level cpus, P down to E cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Meteor Lake / Arrow Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 2024 64bit 10nm - 3 level cpus, Low Power Island (SOC tile) to E onto P cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Lunar lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 64bit 7nm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===Chromebooks===

For most (EOL) Chromebooks, the recommended UEFI path forward is to:

*put the device into Developer Mode
*disable firmware write protection
*flash MrChromebox's UEFI Full ROM firmware
*install ChromeOS Flex, Linux, etc


See [https://mrchromebox.tech/#home MrChrome], [https://mrchromebox.tech MrChrome] and the [https://www.reddit.com/r/chrultrabook/ chrultrabook subreddit] for more info


ChromeOS has several different boot modes, which are important to understand in the context of modifying your device to run an alternate OS:

*Normal/Verified Boot Mode
        Can only boot Google-signed ChromeOS images
        Full verification of firmware and OS kernel
        No root access to the system, no ability to run Linux or boot other OSes
        Automatically enters Recovery Mode if any step of Verified Boot fails
        Default / out-of-the-box setting for all ChromeOS devices
*Recovery Mode
        User presented with Recovery Mode boot screen (white screen with 'ChromeOS is missing or damaged' text)
        Boots only USB/SD with signed Google recovery image
        Automatically entered when Verified Boot Mode fails
        Can be manually invoked:
        On Chromebooks, via keystroke: [ESC+Refresh+Power]
        On Chromeboxes, by pressing a physical recovery button at power-on
        On Convertibles/Tablets, by pressing/holding the Power, Vol+, and Vol- buttons for 10s and then releasing
        Allows for transition from Verified Boot Mode to Developer Mode
        On Chromebooks/Chromeboxes, via keystroke: [CTRL+D]
        On Convertibles/Tablets, via button press: Vol+/Vol- simultaneously
        Booting recovery media on USB/SD will completely repartition/reformat internal storage and reload ChromeOS (as well as some RW firmware components)

Note: The ChromeOS recovery process does not reset the firmware boot flags (GBB Flags), so if those are changed from the default, they will still need to be reset for factory default post-recovery.

*Developer Mode
        &quot;Jailbreak&quot; mode built-in to every ChromeOS device
        Loosened security restrictions, allows root/shell access, ability to run Linux via crouton
        Verified Boot (signature checking) disabled by default, but can be re-enabled
        Enabled via [CTRL+D] on the Recovery Mode boot screen
        Boots to the developer mode boot screen (white screen with 'OS verification is off' text), from which the user can select via keystroke where to boot:
&lt;pre&gt;
           ChromeOS (in developer mode) on internal storage ( [CTRL+D] )
           ChromeOS/ChromiumOS on USB ( [CTRL+U] )
           Legacy Boot Mode ( [CTRL+L] )
&lt;/pre&gt;
Boot screen displays the ChromeOS device/board name in the hardware ID string (eg, PANTHER F5U-C92, which is useful to know in the context of device recovery, firmware support, or in determining what steps are required to install a given alternate OS on the device.

*Legacy Boot Mode
        Unsupported (by Google) method for booting alternate OSes (Linux, Windows) via the SeaBIOS firmware payload / RW_LEGACY firmware region
        Accessed via [CTRL+L] on the developer mode boot screen
        Requires explicit enabling in Developer Mode via command line: sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 (installing RW_LEGACY firmware via the Firmware Utility Script will set this for you)
        Not all ChromeOS devices are capable out of the box, most require a RW_LEGACY firmware update first
        Boots to the (black) SeaBIOS splash screen; if multiple boot devices are available, a prompt to show the boot menu will be displayed.

Note: If you hear two beeps after pressing [CTRL+L], then either your device doesn't have a valid Legacy Boot Mode / RW_LEGACY firmware installed, or legacy boot capability has not been been enabled via crossystem.

Using the [https://mrchromebox.tech/#fwscript ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script] to update your device's RW_LEGACY firmware region will address both of these issues, as it not only provides an updated, fully functional RW_LEGACY firmware, but also sets the required boot flag.


https://www.howtogeek.com/278953/how-to-install-windows-on-a-chromebook/

Chromebooks don’t officially support other OSs. You normally can’t even install as Chromebooks ship with a special type of BIOS designed for Chrome OS. But there are ways to install, if you’re willing to get your hands dirty and potentially ruin everything 


[https://mrchromebox.tech/#devices Firmware Compatibility] 


Most older Chromebooks need the write-protect screw removed in order to install MrChromebox's firmware that allows you to install other operating systems. Most newer Chromebooks don't work in the same way as there is no write-protect screw on them. 

[https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility Here is the list of hardware that the GalliumOS supports and information on getting Gallium OS on to those devices]


Development on GalliumOS has been discontinued, and for most users, GalliumOS is not the best option for running Linux due to lack of hardware support or a kernel that's out of date and lacking important security fixes.


Meet Eupnea and Depthboot, the successors to Galliumos and Breath [https://eupnea-linux.github.io This is the bleeding edge] 


With that said, the HP Chromebook 11 11A G8 EE is not listed as being supported at this time. 
this is a educational version and if it does not belong to you and belongs to a school district 
STOP NOW! We suspend students that decide to mess with a school district Chromebook that was loaned to them.


Very rough guide to '''total''' (i.e. all cores / threads) processor performance (AROS usually uses only the one core) 

&lt;pre&gt;

063000    AMD Ryzen 9 7900X (AM5 170W)
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5950X
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X3D 
055000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (AM4 105W),   AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (105W),   
050000    AMD Ryzen 9 PRO 7940HS (FP8 65W)
048000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, 
047000    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 7840HS (FP7 65W), AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme (top TDP)
045000    AMD Ryzen 9 6900HX, Intel Core i7-12800H
044000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700G (AM4 ), AMD Ryzen 9 6900HS, 
043000    Intel Core i5-13500H, AMD Ryzen 5 5600X3D (AM4 95W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 5750GE (AM4 35W)
042000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700GE (AM4 35W),    
041500    AMD Ryzen 9 5900HS, Intel Core i7-12700T,    
041000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (FP6 45W), AMD Ryzen 5 5600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 7640U,    
040000    AMD Ryzen 7 6800U, Intel Core i5-12490F, Intel Core i5-12500E,   
039000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800HS (FP6 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 8500G, 


037000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600H, AMD Ryzen 3 7736U, 
036000    AMD Ryzen 5 3600X (95W), AMD Ryzen 5 5500 (AM4 65W), 
035000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600U, Intel Core i5-11400F, AMD Ryzen 5 5600H,  
034000    AMD Ryzen 7 7730U, AMD Ryzen 5 8540U, AMD Ryzen 4800H, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650GE,  
033000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800U (FP6 8c16t 25W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800HS, AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750GE, 
032500    AMD Ryzen 7 2700X, AMD Ryzen 5 5600GE (AM4 35W), 
032000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G (AM4 45W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800U, AMD Ryzen 7 5825U (FP6 8c16t 15W),
031500    AMD Ryzen 7 5700U (FP6 25W 8c16t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 5 4500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3600 (65W), 
029000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 1700X (AM4 95W), 
028500    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U, AMD Ryzen 7 1700 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 2700 (65W), 
028000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650U, AMD Ryzen 5 4400G, AMD Ryzen 5 5560U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen3),     
027000    AMD R5 5600U (FP6 25W 6c12t), AMD Ryzen 5 5625U (FP6 15W 6c12t Zen3), 
026000    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 5350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500X (AM4 95W), 
025000    AMD Ryzen 5 5500U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 3 5300GE, AMD Ryzen 7 4700U (FP6 25W 8c8t),  
024000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650U, AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (95W), AMD Ryzen V3C18I (? 15W), 
023000    AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (FP6 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 4600U (FP6 25W 6c12t),
022800    AMD Ryzen 3 5400U, Intel Core i5-11300H, 


022000    AMD Ryzen 5 4500U (FP6 25W 6c6t), AMD Ryzen 3 5450U 5425U, 
021500    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 3 4300G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4200GE,   
019500    Intel Core i5-1135G7,   AMD Ryzen 5 5500H,     
018500    AMD Ryzen 5 3400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 2500X
018000    AMD Ryzen 5 3400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8400,  AMD Ryzen 5 1500X (AM4 65W),  
017500    AMD Ryzen 3 5300U (FP6 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i7-6700K, 
016600    AMD Athlon Gold PRO 4150GE, Intel Core i7-6700,  
016500    AMD Ryzen 7 3750H,    AMD Ryzen Embedded V1756B (FP5 45W),    
016000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3550H, 
015000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8500T, AMD Ryzen 2700U, AMD Ryzen 5 3550U,
014000    AMD Ryzen 5 3500U (FP5 15W 4c8t),   AMD Ryzen 3 4300U,   AMD Ryzen 3 3200G (AM4 65W),    
013500    AMD Ryzen 3 2200G,    AMD Ryzen 3 3200GE (AM4 45W),    AMD Ryzen 3 1300X (65W), 
013000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U (FP4 25W),   AMD Ryzen Embedded V1605B (FP5 25W),    
012500    AMD Ryzen 5 2500U (FP5 25W 4c8t),     


012300    Intel Core i7-8565U,    Intel Core i5-8350U,  Intel Core i7-8700,   
012000    AMD Ryzen 3 2200GE,  AMD Ryzen 3 1200 (65W),   AMD Ryzen 3 1200,   
011500    AMD Ryzen 3 3300U,    
010500    AMD Ryzen 3 2300U (FP5 25W 4c4t),    Intel Alderlake ULX N100 (BGA-1264 6W) / N95 (? 15W),    
010300    Intel Core i7-3630QM,   Intel Core i5-6600T,     
010200    Intel Core i5-6440HQ,   Intel Core i7-3610QM,     
010000    AMD FX-8320E Eight-Core (AM3+ 125W),   Intel Core i5-7500T,   Intel Core i5-4690, 
008700    AMD FX-6130 Six-Core (AM3+ 90W),     Intel Core i5-7400T,     
008600    Intel Core i5-6500T,  AMD Athlon 300GE (AM4, 35W),   
008200    Intel Core i5-2500K,  AMD Ryzen R1606G (FP5 15W),  AMD FX-6300 6Core (AM3 65W),   
008100    Intel Celeron N5105 (FCBGA1338, 15W),   Intel Core i5-4590T,   


008150    AMD Athlon Gold 3150U,    Intel Celeron N5095 (FCBGA1338 15W),   
007600    AMD Ryzen R1505G (FP5, 15W),    AMD Ryzen 3 3200U,     AMD Ryzen 3 3250U 
007200    AMD Ryzen 3 2200U (FP5 25W 2c4t),     Intel Core i3-7100T,      
006900    Intel Core i7-6600U,  
006500    Intel Core i7-6500U,     
006200    Intel Core i5-7200U,   
006100    Intel Core i5-6300U,   
006060    Intel Core i5-5257U,   AMD A10-6800B APU,      Intel Core i5-4570T,      
006000    Intel Core i5-6200U,   Intel Core i3-7130U,     
005900    AMD Athlon Silver 3050U,   Intel Xeon X5550,   Intel Core i5-4300M,    
005800    Intel Celeron J4125 (FCBGA1090 15W),   Intel Core i5-3470T,     
005600    Intel Core i5-3360M,    Intel Core i7-3520M,    


005400    AMD PRO A12-9800B 7th Gen APU SoC (FP4 15W), AMD FX-4300 4c, 
005200    AMD PRO A10-8770E,   AMD A10-9700E,   AMD PRO A10-9700B (FP4 15W),   Intel Core i3-4130T,     
005100    AMD RX-427BB (FP3 15W),   AMD A10-9620P,    AMD A12-9720P,    Intel Core i5-5350U,   
005100    AMD A8-5500 (FM2 65W),  AMD A10 PRO-7800B APU    Intel Pentium Silver N5000,    
005100    Intel Core i3-7100U (FCBGA1356 15W),    Intel Core i7-5500U,      Intel Core i3-6100U,     
005000    Intel Core i5-5300U,    Intel Core i5-3320M,     
004900    Intel Core i5-4300U,    Intel Core i5-5200U,     Intel Core i3-4100M,     
004860    Intel Core i7-2620M,    Intel Core i7-2640M,     
004650    Intel Core i5-2520M,    Intel Core i5-3210M,     
004600    AMD PRO A8-9600B,   AMD PRO A12-8830B,  AMD PRO A10-8730B,   AMD A12-9700P,   
004400    AMD A10-8700P A8-8600P,    Intel Core i5-4200U,    Intel Core i5-2540M,   
004000    Intel Core i5-2430M,    AMD PRO A8-8600B
003850    Intel Core i5-2410M,  Intel Core i3-2120 (LGA1155 65W),    
003800    AMD A10-4600M APU,  AMD A10 PRO-7350B APU,   AMD A10-5750M APU,   
003600    AMD A8-6500T APU    AMD A8-7410 APU,   AMD PRO A6-8550B    AMD A8-5550M APU     


003500    AMD GX-424CC SOC (FT3b 25W),   Intel Core i3-4000M,     
003400    AMD A10-7300 APU,    AMD A6-7310 APU,      AMD A8-6410,     AMD A10-5745M APU    
003350    Intel Pentium G2020,   Intel Core i3-3120M,   AMD R-464L APU, 
003300    AMD GX-420CA SOC (FT3 BGA769 25W),    AMD A6-9500E
003200    AMD A6-6310 APU,   AMD A6-6400B APU,    AMD A6-8570E   AMD A8-4500M APU  AMD A6-7400K APU
003000    AMD A8-7150B,     AMD A9-9410 / A9-9425,     AMD A6-8500B (FP4 15W),   AMD A8-7100,    
002900    AMD PRO A6-8530B,   AMD A6-8500P,   AMD A8-3500M APU,  Intel Core i3-2120T,     
002700    AMD Embedded GX-420GI (FP4 15W),   AMD PRO A6-9500B,   AMD GX-415GA, AMD A4-6210 APU, 


002600    AMD A6-9225,   AMD A8-4555M APU,   
002500    AMD A4-5000 APU (FT3 15W),    AMD A6-9220,   AMD A6-3420M APU,  
002450    Intel Celeron 2950M,   Intel Pentium N3700,    Intel Core i3-2350M,     
002400    Intel Celeron N3150,   Intel Core i3-2330M,     
002300    Intel Celeron N3350,   AMD A4-9120,   AMD A4-9125,    Intel Core i3-2310M,
002200    AMD A9-9420e,  AMD A6-5350M APU,  AMD A6 Micro-6500T APU,   AMD E2-6110 APU,   AMD A6-9210, 
002000    AMD GX-412HC,   AMD A4-4300M APU,  AMD A6 PRO-7050B APU,   AMD A6-4400M APU,   AMD A6-7000,    
001925    Intel Core2 Duo E6700,   Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965,   
001750    Intel Core i3-2365M 2375M,    AMD A4-9120C,   Intel Core2 Duo T8300,    AMD E2-3800,   
001600    AMD GX-222GC (BGA769 FT3b 15W),   AMD A4-9120e,  AMD Embedded GX-215JJ,    AMD A4-4355M APU,
001550    Intel Core2 Duo SL9400 T7600 T6600,   AMD E2-3200    AMD A6-9220e 


001500    AMD GX-218GL SOC,    AMD A6-4455M,   AMD A4-5150M APU,   
001400    AMD GX-217GA SOC,
001300    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-64 TL-62,    Intel Core2 Duo T7300,    Intel Core2 Duo T5600,  
001250    AMD GX-412TC SOC,    AMD A4-3320M APU,    AMD Athlon 64 X2 QL-66,     Intel Core2 Duo T7200
001200    AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-57,     AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-60 RM-74,   AMD E1-2500 APU
001150    Intel Core2 Duo T5550,      Intel Core2 Duo L7500 @ 1.60GHz    AMD E2-3000M APU,  
001100    Intel Core2 Duo T5300,      AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800,    Intel Core2 Duo E4300,    
001050    AMD E1-6010 APU
001050    AMD Athlon 64 FX-57,   AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-55,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-52
001000    Intel Core2 Duo T5500,    Intel Core2 Duo L7300,    Intel Core2 Duo SU9400,    
000950    AMD G-T56N,     AMD Athlon 64 3100+,     AMD E2-2000 APU,      
000950    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-50,     AMD E1-2200 APU,     Intel Celeron U3400,     
000925    AMD TurionX2 Dual Core Mobile RM-72,    AMD Sempron 140
000920    Intel Celeron SU2300,     Intel Core2 Duo T5200,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-56
000890    AMD E2-1800 APU,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58


000880    AMD G-T56E,       AMD G-T48E
000860    AMD E-450 APU,    AMD E-350 APU,     AMD Athlon LE-1620     
000820    AMD A4-1250 APU,    AMD Athlon LE-1600
000810    AMD E1-2100 APU,    Intel Core Duo T2500,      
000810    Intel Atom D510,     Intel Core2 Duo U7500,     
000800    AMD Geode NX 2400+,    AMD Turion 64 Mobile ML-42
000760    AMD V140,    AMD E1-1200 APU,    AMD Athlon 64 3300+
000730    Intel Core Duo T2400,   AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-38,    AMD Sempron 3600+,  
000700    Intel Core2 Duo U7600 U7700,    AMD Sempron LE-1200,    AMD V120 
000680    AMD GX-212JC SOC,    AMD E-300 APU,    AMD A4-1200 APU  

  
000670    AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-36 ML-37 ML-40,  Mobile AMD Sempron 3800+
000640    Intel Atom N2600,    Intel Atom N570,     Mobile AMD Athlon 64 3200+
000640    Intel Core Duo T2300,     Intel Core Duo T2050,     
000630    VIA Eden X2 U4200,    AMD Sempron LE-1100,  AMD Sempron 3100+ 3600+, 
000620    AMD C-70 APU,     Intel Atom 330,     AMD G-T40N
000610    Intel Core2 Duo U7300,    AMD Athlon II Neo K125 K145,    
000600    Intel Atom N550,    Intel Pentium 4,   AMD Athlon 64 2800+,   
000580    AMD C-60,   AMD G-T40E,AMD Sempron LE-1250
000530    AMD C-50,    Intel Celeron M 723,     AMD Sempron 210U, 
000490    AMD GX-210JA SOC,    ARM Cortex-A53 4 Core 1000 MHz


000470    Mobile AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile AMD Athlon XP-M 2200+, 
000460    AMD Athlon XP 2500+,      AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile Intel Pentium 4,     
000440    Intel Atom D425,    Intel Atom N470,     
000410    Intel Pentium M,     Intel Celeron M,    AMD Sempron 2300+
000400    Intel Atom N450,   AMD Sempron 2400+
000360    Intel Atom D410,   AMD G-T52R,    AMD C-30,    AMD Sempron 2200+ 
000350    Intel Atom N455,   Intel Atom N280,    Intel Atom N270,     

&lt;/pre&gt;


==References==

{{reflist}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>s9f8kshk9j4svdzxavd1gu56no1mi5g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448859</id>
      <parentid>4448785</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:24:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4448859</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="441034" sha1="oukoy1fk3zcwnk1ory8o8gaqsgj72g5" xml:space="preserve">=== Recommended hardware ===

While the following sections will give you a good overview of compatibility of AROS with a large number of hardware, this first section will list hardware that is recommended for use with 32-bit versions of AROS.

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

If in future decision will be made to drop any of the recommended hardware from the list (for example due to it no longer being available for purchase), such hardware will move to list of legacy supported systems and will have an indicated end of life date so that users have time to switch to other hardware.

==== Laptops ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ACER Aspire One ZG5 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || {{Yes|ATHEROS}}  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Dell Latitude D520 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|BCM4400}} || {{No|}}  || {{Yes|Atheros AR5BXB63}} || * select Intel Core 2 64-bit version, not Celeron 32-bit version &lt;br/&gt; * replace WiFi card to get wireless working&lt;br/&gt; * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot 
|-
|}

==== Desktop Systems ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Fujitsu Futro S720 || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE || NOT APPLICABLE || * no 2D/3D acceleration&lt;br/&gt; * use USB ports at back
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770T UD3/UD3P || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
| ASUS M2N68-AM SE2 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|NVIDIA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|NVNET}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * connecting a disk via SATA connector is not supported at this time &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add 'noioapic' to grub command line in order to boot &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
|}

==== Legacy supported hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |EOL
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| iMica || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || 2026-12-31 || * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770 UD3 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || 2026-12-31 || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
|}

=== Laptops ===

The following hardware has been tested with native x86 AROS and any issues have been noted. If you have encountered differently (i.e. problems, incompatibilities, faults, niggles, annoyances, environment, errors, review of setup etc) please update this information. Alternatively, an hosted OS (windows or linux) of AROS would give better results. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


* 2006/2007 Dell Latitude D-series laptops - business class machines, good support in Aros, easy to replace wifi card 
* 2006 some [https://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/laptops-and-netbooks/toshiba-satellite-pro-a200-28550/review Satellite Pro A200] 
* 2008 For the tiny carry anywhere, the early run of Acer Aspire netbooks 


Please bear in mind that AROS has only a few hardware driver developers, whilst Linux counts in the tens and Windows in the hundreds. 
 So consequently, be aware that driver support on native is now a decade behind linux, MacOS(TM) and Windows(TM). 

Rough estimate from taking a random laptop notebook what you can expect from a Native install of AROS 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Date 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Overall 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx VESA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx 2D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx 3D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Before 2002 || Poor to OK || VESA 90% || 2D 10% || {{N/A}} || Audio 10% || 40% || Wired 70% || 2% || Max RAM 512MB 
|-
| 2002-2005 || OK || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 30% || 70% || Wired 50% || 4% || Max RAM 1GB 
|-
| 2005-2010 || Good || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 60% || 80% || Wired 30% || 10% || Max RAM 2 / 4GB 
|-
| 2011-2014 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 20% || 60% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 8GB / 16GB 
|-
| 2015-2017 || Poor || VESA 98% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 32GB 
|-
| 2018-202x || Poor || VESA 95% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 10% || 0% || Max RAM 64GB Ryzen 
|-
|}


3D tests now conducted with apps found in Demos/AROS/Mesa and run at default size (may need to View As -&gt; Show All to see them. 

 Any laptop with Windows 7(TM) 64bit or higher install, the bios and hard drive set in uefi/gpt mode (install of AROS incompatible) 

Most vendor suppliers get OEM (original equipment manufacturers) to make their laptops. These brand name companies purchase their laptops from an 
*80% ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) such as Quanta, Compal, Wistron, Inventec, Foxconn (Hon Hai), Flextronics and Asus (now Pegatron) 
*20% MiTAC, FIC, Arima, Uniwill, ECS, Tonfang Origin and Clevo (remaining 20%). 


====Acer/Gateway/Emachines====

Company founded under the name of Multitech in Taiwan in 1976, renamed to Acer or Acer Group in 1987

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Packard Bell 
Aspire 
Extensa 
TimeLine
Travelmate 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Travelmate 505 506 507 508 Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P2 Celeron 466Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neo Magic Magic Graph 128XD (NM2160)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Crystal CS}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 minimal support but no audio etc - 506T, 506DX, 507T, 507DX, 508T 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 340 342 343 345 347 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ALi M1621 with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber 9525 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1969 Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ALi OHCI USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;a few have Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 32bit - 340T, 341T, 342T, 342TV, 343TV, 345T, 347TV 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 350 351 352 353 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber Blade DSTN/Ai1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ali5451}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 1.1 Ali M5237 OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Acer InviLink IEEE 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit very limited support but no support for PCMCIA O2 Micro OZ6933 - 350T, 351TEV, 352TEV, 353TEV 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 610 series 611 612 613 614 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;815 P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 82815 cgc || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 pro || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit - 610TXVi 610T 611TXV 612TX 613TXC 
|-
| Aspire 3003LM || SIS AMD 3000 1.8GHz || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SIS AGP M760GX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 SIS codec}} || 3 USB 2.0 || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One 54g}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 sempron 
|-
| Travelmate 2310 Series ZL6 || Intel Celeron M 360 1.4GHz with SiS 661MX || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SiS Mirage M661MX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|SIS SI7012 AC97 with realtek ALC203 codec speakers only}} ||  || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{N/A|LM version has pci card slot but no antenna}} || Icaros 2.1.1 || 2004 32bit - No USB boot option but boot from DVD - reports of wifi losing connection (isolate/remove the metallic grounding foil ends of the antennas) - 2312LM_L - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3000 3002LMi 3500 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD CPU W-with SIS M760 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SIS 760 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;SIS 900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4318 swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3050 5020 5050 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Single and Turion MK-36 Dual and RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - RS482M Xpress 1100 or RS485M Xpress 1150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC883 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5006G or Broadcom BCM 4318 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit MK36 gets very hot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2410 2420 2430 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel Mobile 915GMS 910GML || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 ICH6 with ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL-8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005GS || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 2428AWXMi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3610 - WISTRON MORAR 3614WLMI || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=644066&amp;postcount=13 AC97]}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139 8139C+}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5001X+, AR5BMB5 or Broadcom 4318}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit with good support [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=6205188#post6205188 wifi issues] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2480 series 2483 WXMi (HannStar J MV4 94V) 2483NWXCi Aspire 3680, 3690 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML i943 with Celeron 430 1.77GHz - 14.1&quot; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D openGL 1.x - Tunnel 181 gearbox 104 scores}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC883 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038 yukon sky2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 5k AR5005G AR5BMB5 mini pci}} suspect laptop hardware issues || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Works well shame about the internet options - noisy fan - poor battery life - no boot option for TI based mass storage sd card - Max 2GB memory - LCD Inverter Board IV12090/T-LF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2490 series 2492WXMi || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 945 2D and 3D tunnel 164 gearbox 105}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5005GS suspect hardware issue}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 15inch screen - strange curved up at ends keyboard style - overall plastic construction - Atheros AR5005G(s) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gateway ML6227B MA7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz with 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM 2D and 3D tunnel 169 gearbox 132}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDA Intel with STAC9250 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|8187L but swap ath5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 ultrabrite widescreen - Wifi Switch on side Fn/F2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5630-6796 6288 BL50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5200 T5500 Intel® Core™2 Duo T7200 T7400 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® GMA 950 with S-Video out}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945abg swap for Atheros 5K}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny AROS || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 - 64bit 39.1 cm (15.4&quot; 1280 x 800) - 2 DDR2-SDRAM slots max 4GB - green mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5633WMLI BL51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5500 with Intel® 945PM/GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia Go 7300}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64 bit dual core2 - 15.4 WXGA screen - ddr2 max 4gb - OrbiCam no support - ENE chipset SD card - blue mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 9410 9420 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core Duo with 945PM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D NVIDIA GeForce Go 7300 - 128 MB VRAM G72M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 8111 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG but could swap with atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 17in TFT 1,440 x 900 WXGA+ - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eMachines E510 series KAL10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M 560 2.13Ghz with PM965  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel x3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5906M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G AR5BXB63 bios issue??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit very budget machine with InsydeH20 bios and F10 boot menu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ACER Aspire 5920 5920G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa Core 2 Duo T7300 T7500 later T9300 with GM965 and PM965(G) Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for X3100M or 8600M GS (rev a1) 9500M GT 256MB vram (G) but some AMD/ATI RV635 M86 HD 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with realtek alc888 codec ICH8}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG 4965 or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood test iso 2023-01 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit boot with 'noacpi' or 'noioapic' - 15.4in 1280 x 800 pixels 16:10 - BMW Designworks ‘Gemstone’ design - over 3.0kg with options for 8-cell or 6-cell batteries - 2 SODIMM DDR2 667MT/s max 4GB - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Extensa 5630Z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T6600 with Intel GL40 Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 4500M HD (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|Broadcom BCM 5764M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{No|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Acer A0521 Ao721 || Athlon II Neo K125 + AMD M880G || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4225 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Conexant}} || {{Maybe}}|| {{no|AR8152 l1c}} || {{no|AR9285 ath9k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || 64bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5250 series 5253 BZ400 BZ602 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA 2D for AMD HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio for codec Conexant CX20584}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR5B97}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5 V5-121 V5121 AO725 One 725 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-70 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA for AMD 6290G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5-122P MS2377 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;C70 with M55, AMD A4-1250 or A6 1450 up to 1.4Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8210 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;FCH USB EHCI OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 but LAN/VGA Combo Port Cable (AK.LAVGCA.001) or MiniCP port to Acer Converter Cable (Mini CP to VGA/LAN/USB) (NP.OTH11.00C) needed}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 26w battery internal, extension possible - 11.6in 1366 x 768 ips touchscreen - 7mm hd ssd - 2gb ddr3l soldered with 1 slot free max 4GB - bios hacking needed for virtualisation - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell EasyNote TE69 TE69KB 522 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow E1-2500, E2-3800 2c2t Dual or A4-5000 4c4t Quad both soldered BGA769 (FT3) on Hudson-2 FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Use IDE mode}} setting AHCI to IDE mode - boots if UEFI set to Legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D for ATI Radeon 8120 8240, 8320 8330 or 8280}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD Azalia HD Audio with ALC282 codec but not HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Bios, Boot, set Boot mode to Legacy, nothing from USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8171 AR8175 or Broadcom BCM57780}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9565 0x1969 0x10a1}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon and AROS One 1.6 usb || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 15.6in washed out screen big netbook - Boots with noacpi after using F2 to enter EFI firmware and f12 boot device - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 16Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASPIRE ES1-523 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD E1-7010, A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC 233 or CX20752 HD AUDIO CODEC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek PCIe GBE Family or Atheros AR8151 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8187 or 8812BU}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 2 ddr3l slots - keyboard connected to top case - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L8400-K Medion MD9467 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel desktop 850MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Savage MX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS allegro 1988}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L2000 L2400 L2D Series Medion 9675 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 4 mobile || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use vesa sis630 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|sis7018}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;sis900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x51R X51RL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Duo T2250 T2330 with RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|boots and detects}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL-8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5006EG AR5111 ath5k AzureWave AW-GE780 - could be ATI Chipset}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2, deadwood 2021,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 15.4 WXGA - 19v barrel - ESC boot select - F2 bios - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus R2H Ultra Mobile PC UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron 900Mhz 910GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4fOrqyj3g boots] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A3 series A3F Ergo Ensis 211 RM || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P-M 1.6GHz to Core Duo with 950 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC655 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100CL 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z33  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 2915ABG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Z33A Z33AE N5M N5A 
|-
| Z70A Z70V Z70Va M6A z7000 z7000a || i915 + ICH6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|mobile 915GML}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ICH6 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001}} || {{no|Intel PRO 2200BG Fn / F2}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2005 32bit 
|-
| [http://www.progweb.com/en/2010/09/linux-sur-un-portable-asus-a6jm/ A6jm] A6JC || 945GM || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia GeForce Go 7600 G70}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8111 8168B}} || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || Icaros  1.2.4 || 2006 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;F3Jc || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;G72M Quadro NVS 110M, GeForce Go 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;D audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X50GL F5GL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5800 with 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2d - Nvidia 8200M G84 runs hot}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio MCP79 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5B91 AW-NE77}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit not much support no display with nouveau - 19v barrel 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS G50 &amp; G51 series G50V G50Vt G51V G51VX G51J G51Jx G50VT X1 X5 ROG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD64 with MCP71 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia GeForce 9800M GS (G94M) up to GT200 [GeForce GTX 260M] (G92M) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros L1C atl1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICaros  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit not all GPUs are failing but a much higher % failing early, 8x00 and 9x00 G84, G86, G92, G94, and G96 series chips dying - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M50V M50 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P8400 or T9400 with Intel PM45 ICH9 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|BIOS set to compatibility IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 9600M GS or 9650M GT || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC663 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5100 or Atheros AR928X}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 15.40 inch 16:10, 1680 x 1050 glossy - the &quot;Infusion&quot; design - heavy 3kg - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series F9 F9E F9dc F9f F9j F9s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC660 playback}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|works}}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 }}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel 3495 not working}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.41 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - small form factor sub notebook, compact 
|-
| P52F SO006X || i3-370M || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia G92 [GeForce 9800 GT] (2D)}} || {{no|Intel HD Audio}} || {{yes|2 USB2.0}} || {{no|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 (l1e)}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
* X53U MB Ver K53U or K52U Asus K53U MB Ver K53U
* A53U XT2 X53B MB ver: K53BY (compal) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow atom like speed E-350 (2011), E-450 (2011) on AMD M780G, much slower C50 (2012), C60 on the AMD A50M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi 6310M, 6320M later 6250M or 6290M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with alc269 codec Altec Lansing® Speakers}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height ar9285 cannot swap with ar5000 mini pci-e as smaller card required}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 and AROS One 1.6 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 5200 or 7800 mAh battery covers ASUS K53S K53E X54C X53S K84L X53SV X54HR K53F X53U laptops - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus K53T, Asus A53Z X53Z
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3305M on AMD M780G, A6-3420M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 6520G, 7670M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - Altec Lansing® Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X55U X401U X501U 1225B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow C60, C70 or E1 1200 E2 1800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6290G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ram soldered -  11.6&quot; display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X102BA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Llano E1 1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ide bios setting}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8180 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit -10.1” Touchscreen - special asus 45w ac adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A43TA A53TA K53TA XE2 A73T || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3300M, A6 3400M (laptop chip) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon HD 6520G Integrated + HD 6470M (1GB GDDR3)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;K55N, K75DE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 4400M A8 4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 7640G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC codec none through ATi Trinity HDMI || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 17.3-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X452EA X552EA F552E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for AMD ATI Sun XT Radeon HD 8330 8670A 8670M 8690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD FCH Azalia rev 02 with ALC898 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{{Yes|Realtek RTL8111 8168 8411}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit kabini trinity E1 2100 or A4 5000M A8 4500M A10 4600M 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555Y - keyboard from Asus X555B X555D X555L X555S X555U X555Y X555LA fits? silver-colored plastic || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7210 A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-coloured plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS X555Q || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Bristol Ridge A10-9600P 7th Gen, A12-9720p || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R5 + Radeon™ R6 M435DX Dual Graphics with VRAM GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8821AE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - FHD 15.6 1920x1080 - 37W battery internal - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509ba  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 16Gb - 19VDC 2.37A Max 45W 4.0mm x 1.35mm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509DA M509DJ M509DL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 3 3200U, AMD® Ryzen™ 5 3500U 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD Vega 5 8 or nvidia MX230 MX250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - Transparent Silver Slate Grey - 4 or 8g soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 8g - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== Dell ====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Studio 
Inspiron 
Vostro 
XPS
Alienware  
Precision 
Latitude 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude CP 233GT, CPi d233xt d266xt D300XT a366xt, CPt S400GT S500GT S550GT S600GT S700ST, CPt C333GT C400GT || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Neo magic Magic Media 2160 2360 256ZX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|crystal pnp 4237b or magic media 256zx sound nm2360}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit Low-Density 16-chip 144p 144-pin 32Mx64 3.3V SODIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude CPx H450GT H500GT H Series, CPt V433GT V466GT V600, Inspiron 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX with Pentium 3M (CPx) or Celeron (CPt) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use Vesa - ATi Rage Pro Mobility M1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1978 Maestro 2E Canyon 3D}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|1 slot 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit - 3 pin PA-6 PA6 power adapter plug - CDROM DVD Cxxx family media bay accessories untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C500 C600 (Quanta TM6) Inspiron 4000 7500, CPx J Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440BX ZX/DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage 128Pro Mobility M3 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ES1983S Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A|some models had mini pci e100}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|a few came with internal antenna wiring}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;square 3 pin charger PA9 PA-9 - C/Dock II untested - C/Port untested - Parallel to Floppy cable untested - CPx J600GT J650GT J700GT J750GT J800GT J850GT 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C510 C610 Insprion 4100 PP01L 2600 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i830 and 1GHz+ P3-M ||  &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA - ATI Radeon Mobility M6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 CS4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|3Com Etherlink}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|internal antenna wiring for an Atheros mini pci card}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor build quality - hard to find in good working order 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 830 CGC}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 Crystal 4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|3Com 3c905C TX/TX-M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Slim for the time - no media bays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C640 (Quanta TM8) C840 Inspiron 8k2 8200 i8200 precision m50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M with 845EP || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA if ATi - use nouveau if 64mb Nvidia Gforce 4 440 Go  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS4205 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;3com 905c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;C640 had one fan so was noisy and hot - C840 had 2 fans and ran slightly cooler but fan noise louder
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Latitude D400 || P-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 ide}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|VESA only}} || {{yes|AC97 Audio playback only}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || {{maybe|PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{no|BCM4318 AirForce one 54g replace with atheros 5k mini pci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit might boot from USB stick but won't boot from USB-DVD - no sd card slot - power plug style - 
|-
| Latitude D500 / D505 PP10L, Inspiron 510m 
|| 855GME 
* revA00
* revA03
* revA06
| {{yes|IDE but needs the Dell adapter}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with IDT STAC 9750 codec playback head phones only}} || {{maybe| }} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 but exchange with atheros g in panel on laptop bottom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || 2003 - 14 / 15 inch XGA 4:3 screen - plastic build - no sd card slot - boots from bay optical drive - not powering on/off with ac adapter is a [http://www.geekzone.co.nz/forums.asp?forumid=37&amp;topicid=30585 mobo fault of PC13 SMT 1206 ceramic cap hot] suggest [http://www.die4laser.com/D505fix/ 0.1uF 50V instead] - pc2700 333Mhz ram 1Gb max - 
|-
| Latitude D505 (some) || VIA VT8237 VX700 || {{yes|IDE}} ||  || {{partial|VESA 2d on ATI RV350 Radeon 9550}} || {{no|VIA AC97 with  codec}} || {{maybe|VIA USB glitchy}} || {{yes|VIA VT6102 Rhine-II}} || {{no|Intel 2200g Calexico2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2003 32bit little support - diagnostics pressing holding the Fn key, press the Power ON button (battery removed). Check the LEDs pattern - cmos battery behind flap in laptop battery slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA SIS}}  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 SIS with AD1981B codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|SIS 900 but}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/my-time-with-icaros-desktop-and-what-i-am-doing-as-a-dev-contributor-also-some-other-shit/113358 aremis using it]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1100 PP07L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;845 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 845G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC'97 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 8500 5150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4 855GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia 5200 Go - VESA if intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|MCP AC97 with SigmaTel 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4306 rev 02 use Atheros Mini PCI}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit P4 runs well but hot 
|-
| Latitude X300 PP04S small, slim and light case 
|| 855GME 
* revA00 Intel ULV 1.2 Ghz
* revA01 Intel ULV 1.4Ghz 
| {{yes|IDE internal and will boot cd/dvd through dock PR04S}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with STAC 97xx codec but no audio out of the dock}} || {{maybe|works but dock usb ports and usb DVD PD01S not detected}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5705M gigabit}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 later intel - replace with atheros in the underside}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || 2004 12.1&quot; 1024 x 768 - 19.5v PA-10 or PA-12 dell - ACPI works but bad s3 ram suspend sleep - no sd card boot - 1Gb max sodimm ddr 2700 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) PP05L - 600m 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 
* reva00
* revA01 
* revA02 
* revA03 
* revA04 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATI Radeon RV250 Mobility FireGL 9000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 -  STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2100 or Broadcom BCM4306 - swap for Atheros panel in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1 and 2.1.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14inch using pc2100 memory with Caps light blinking is usually a memory error - Dell D505 D600 power up pressing the case docking port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only vidia NV28 GeForce4 Ti 4200 Go 5200 Go 5650 Go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 - STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306 mini pci - swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14&quot; - solder joints on the bios chip (press down f7/f8 keys) - RAM clean with eraser - memory cover plate maybe apply some pressure - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 (Compal LA-1901) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - trackpoint type pointing device - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 15inch 39cm
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1200 2200 PP10S Latitude 110L m350 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA900 (2D and 3D openGL 1.x) Gearbox 56}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|BroadCom BCM4318 - swap for Atheros mini PCI in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 single core 32bit 14&quot; 4:3 1024 768 XGA screen - heavy 6 lbs - PA16 barrel 19V 3.16A AC adapter - battery life 4cell 29WHr lasts 2 hours - 256mb soldered with 1 ddr pc2100 sodimm 1gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1300 business B130 home PP21L Latitude 120L B120 by Compal - Inspiron 630m || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M360 1.4GHz, M370 1.50 GHz, M380 1.73GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D openGL 1.x tunnel 172 gearbox 70}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|works but waiting boot fail with AROS One usb version}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|intel 2200 or BCM4318 swap for Atheros mini pci underside - one antenna lead for main wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit single core - 14.1″ XGA 4:3 or 15.4&quot; WXGA wide 1280 x 800 matte - ddr2 sodimm ram 2gb max - PA-16 19v psu tip 7.4mm * 5mm - f10 boot select f1 f2 bios 
|-
| Latitude X1 PP05S || PP-M GMA915 rev A00 1.1GHz non-pae || {{yes|ide 1.8in zif/ce under keyboard}} || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|Vesa for Intel 915GM}} || {{yes|AC97 6.6 playback only with STAC codec}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0 but partial boot to blank screen}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard palm rest - disassembly of all laptop}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd iso image virtualbox'd onto usb, Aros One 1.5 and 1.8 usb (2022) || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - sd slot not bootable - 256mb soldered to board and 1 sodimm max 1GB ddr2 under keyboard - F12 bios boot F2 - pa-17 pa17 19v octagonal psu port 
|-
| Latitude D410 PP06S 
*rev A00 
*A01, A02 
*A03 
|| GMA915 1.6GHz Pentium® M 730, 1.7GHz, 750 1.86GHz &amp; 760 2.0GHz, 770 2.13GHz || {{yes|caddy and adapter needed 2.5&quot; - remove hdd and write}} || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|Intel 915GM 2D and 3D OpenGL 1.3 tunnel 170 and gearbox 75}} || {{yes|AC97 playback only with STAC 9751 codec}} || {{maybe|works but will not boot from USB-DVD or AROS One 1.5 usb version}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2915ABG or later 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4, 2.1.1 and AROS One 1.5 usb,  || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - no sd card slot - PR06S dock base 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D510 (Quanta DM1) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM socket 479 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 STAC 975x}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG swap Atheros mini pci in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 14.1&quot; 32bit single core Intel Celeron M 1.6GHz Pentium M 730 1.73Ghz - squarish 3:2 - issues with 3rd party battery 4 quick flashes of red led with 1 final green 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) PP11L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;910GML 915GM with mobile 1.6 to 2.26ghz 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A07 1.73Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D tunnel 174 gearbox 74}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 speaker head phones playback only with stac codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2200BG or Broadcom mini pci under keyboard, swap wifi card for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - one dimm slot under keyboard and other in underside 2GB 533Mhz 667Mhz DDR2 max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) 0C4717 REV A05, 0K3879 REV.A00 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 no radeon 2d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci use Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - 19.5v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D810 (Quanta ) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 RV370 M22 later x600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 stereo playback only idt 9751 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0 but no boot from usb on 1.5}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, aros one 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 15.4&quot; F12 one time boot menu - 19.5v 90w psu ideal - battery not same as later dx20 ones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Studio XPS M1210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia G72M 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92xx || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 - swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspirion E1705 9200 9300 9400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 6800, ati X300 or nVidia 7900GS gpu 3d corrupt || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 increasing vertical lines issues]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1501 PP23LA Latitude 131L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD on ATI RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - ATI 1150 (x300) RS482M Mobility Radeon Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with stac 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom bcm 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bcm4311 replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit 15.4 inch Matt 16:10, 1280x800 pixel, WXGA TFT Display - first Dell AMD machine - Sempron 1.8GHz Turion MK-36 or X2 1.6Ghz TL-50 or TL-56 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6000 6400, E1505 PP20L, 9300, 9200 PP14L 
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with PM 1.73Ghz, T2050 or T2060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d - Ati 9700, x1300 RV515 M52, x1400 or nvidia go 7300 on mxm board}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio IDT 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|usb boot }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 3945 - swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1, AROS One 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit but - 15.4 inch glossy - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots - broadcom bcm92045 bluetooth detected but no support - 19.5v dell psu socket - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6400 (Quanta FM1)
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo  
*A08 Core2 Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with BGA479 (socket M) T2050 1.6Ghz, T2060 1.60Ghz, T2080 1.73Ghz much later T5500 1.66Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with IDT 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;deadwood 2019-04-16 iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4&quot; glossy - sd card - front multimedia keys - dvd rw - generic dell keyboard - coin cr2032 bios battery under keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 640m PP19L XPS M140 e1405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo T2050, T2300 Duo 1.83GHz T2400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or Broadcom 43xx, swap for Atheros 5k - Wireless Internet ON or OFF press the Function key + F2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit - 12.1 LCD CCFL WXGA 1280x800 up to 14.1 inch 16:10 1440x900 pixel, WXGA+ UltraSharp - supports also SSE3 on duos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M65 M90 XPS M1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM with T2600 T2700 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro FX 350M 1600M 1500M G71 on par with the Go7900 GS to GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5752 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4311 BCM4328 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 17&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen manufactured by AU Optronics poor viewing angles, unevenly lit, light leakage 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D420 (Compal LA-3071P) PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 
* revA00 Solo 1.2Ghz ULV U1400
* revA01 Duo 1.06Ghz u2500
* revA02 Duo 1.2Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|ZIF/CE 1.8&quot; slow under battery, ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - 2D and 3D opengl tunnel 138 gearbox 103}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92xx playback speakers head phones only)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 and external usb optical drive works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 mini pcie - swap Atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros Desktop 1.4 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit only - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 - PR09S dock base rev02 DVD-RW usb boots - 1GB DDR2 2Rx16 max in base panel - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D520 PP17L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
* 64bit rev A01, A02 945GM Core2 Duo 1.83Ghz to 2.3Ghz 
* 32bit rev A00, A01 940GML Solo later Duo T2400  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || {{Yes|bios sata set to ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 series 2D and OpenGL1 3D tunnel 210 gearbox 153 teapot 27}} || {{Yes|HD audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || {{Yes|Boots and detects USB2.0}} || {{Yes|Broadcom 4400}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4312 BCM4321 Dell 1390 / 1490 mini pcie - easy to replace with atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4 and 2.2 and AROS One usb 1.8 and grub boot add 'noacpi' || 2006 mostly 64bit 4:3 aspect ratio 14.1 (XGA 1024x768) or later 15 inches (XGA+ 1400 by 1050) - F2 enter bios F12 choose boot - 19.5v dell tip pa-12 charger - bios battery socketed - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 (Compal LA-2792) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 
* rev A00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* rev A0x all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D tunnel gearbox opengl1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 mini pcie swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS Xenon || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit AROS capable with later revisions - 14&quot; 1280 x 800 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i945
* revA00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* revA01 all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300, 7600 NVS 110M G72 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{dunno}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1440x900 screen - LA-2792P Rev.2.0 - DT785 UC218 Fan/ Heatsink (64bit) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM6) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* rev A00 
* rev A01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D tunnel 195 - 100? gearbox 156}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with STAC 9200 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 replace with mini pcie atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 widescreen 15 inch 1280 x 800 matte -  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia NVS 110M 120M G72}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio STAC 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;15.4 1650x1050 WXGA or WSXGA+ or 1920x1200 WUXGA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude D531 15&quot; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Turion X2 TL56 or TL60 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATi xpress X1270}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with IDT codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 57xx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Dell Wireless 1390, 1505 or BCM4311 mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - no trackpoint - fails and goes wrong often - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D430 PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Core2 Duo C2D U7500 1.06GHz U7600 1.2GHz U7700 1.33GHz 
* rev A00 
* rev A01  
* rev A02 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;ZIF PATA IDE 1.8inch under battery and ribbon cable - slow use USB instead || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|945GML 2D and 3D opengl 1.x 171 tunnel 105 gearbox}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|STAC 92xx HD Audio speaker and ear phone - mono speaker}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 4965 AGN or 3945 ABG mini pci-e underside with Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit capable - sd card not supported - 19.5v PA12 power adapter - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 matte - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|nVidia Quadro NVS 135M 2D 3d glitches G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] cool air intake from underneath needed with pa-10 or pa-3e 90w psu required - standard 4:3 ratio aspect screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 (Compal LA-3301P) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 T7250 2.0Ghz T7300 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA X3100 (2D only, no external monitor)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio STAC 9205 but speaker and head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with pci-e Atheros 5k under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - F12 to choose boot option - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - 4400mah 48Wh battery lasts 2 hours - 6600mah 73Wh lasts just over 3 hours 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 
* revA00 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] GPU heatpad, no copper 
* revA01 0DT785 heatsink 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA as nVidia NVS 135M 3d corrupts 0.7 tunnel 0.25 gearbox G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM with Core2 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GM965 crestline 2d and 3d tunnel 115}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|replace with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 15 inch 1280 x 900 but updating the LCD to WXGA or WSXGA+ could be better - 2 ddr2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ICH8, Core2 DUO T7800 @ 2.60GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Intel ICH8M Serial ATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro NVS 140M G86 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Wireless 4965AGN swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.&quot; - FN,F2 or FN,F8 or FN,F12 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1330  M1530  M1730 - WISTRON Hawke || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Intel 965 with either Nvidia 8400M 8600M 8700M or 8800GT G84 G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio STAC 9228 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Marvell 88E8040 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Did not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2300 M4300 M6300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA nVidia Quadro FX 360M (8400GS) 3600M 3500M 2500M G86 to G92}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG 4965 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1310 1510 (Compal LA-4592P) 1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo T7600 or Celeron 540 GMA965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC268 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 4965 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Celeron 540 added 64 bit support (doubling transistor count) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 (Compal LA-4671P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 or Dell Wireless 1397}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 up to 17 inch with 13.3 inch WXGA Anti-Glare matt or glossy LED Display (1280 x 800) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvdia 9300m to 9600M GS G96 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 15.4” screen Vostro 1520 with excessive heat buildup on the left hand side palm rest 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2400 M4400 M6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA 2d for nVidia Quadro FX 770M G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1525 PP29L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo or Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit much later 64bit 15.4&quot; 1200 x 800 - 19.5v dell psu -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1545 PP41L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4500MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD71B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 15.6&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo U9400 U9300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;64gig ssd with ribbon cable || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GM45 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 71B7X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; NEC uPD720202 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82567LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4322 or Intel’s 5100 or 5300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64 - 12.1in 1,280 x 800 poor color accuracy magnesium alloy body - easily replaced keyboard - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - Microdia cam - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E5400 E5500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio but no sound}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM5761e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P9400 2.4GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 4500 MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HDxxx || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82567LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 5300 AGN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 13.3&quot; WXGA - sd card Broadcom BCM5880 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lattitude E6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo P9500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M HD 2D with NVIDIA QUADRO NVS 160M G98}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with IDT 92HD71 codec or later 92HDM61}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4312 or Intel 5300 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 early ones problems with the keyboard ribbon cable connector, trackpoints were not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latittude E4310 E5410 ATG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 5 series Intel Core i5 560M 1st gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA HD 5700 mhd || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with IDT 92HDxx Codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82577LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 too small 30x30 to swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64Bit clarkdale codename CPUs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E6410 E6510 E6310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i7 620M i7 820QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|NVidia NVS 3100M GT218 2D but 3D through external monitor}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio IDT 92HD81}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel 6200AGN or Link 6300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5030 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;rev A01 AMD V120, V140 rev A0? V160 M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA RS880M Radeon HD 4225, 4250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC269q codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - DDR3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1546 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4330M 530v || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 91HD81 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8103EL-GR || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6&quot; - alps touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS 15 15Z L501X L502X 17 17Z L701X L702X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i7 840QM to i7 2630QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 3000 with Nvidia 555, 525M, 540M, 555M or 435M 420M GF108M optimus || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit first models not Sandybridge but later are - 17.3-inch 1600 × 900 to 15.6-inch - not many working now 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E6420 E6520 ATG semi ruggized XFR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;sandy bridge i5 2520M 2540M or duo I7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;set to Bios UEFI mode AHCI || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD 3000 with optional fermi Nvidia NVS 4200M GF119}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio no playback - IDT 92HD90 BXX codec or HDMI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit very little total support - fan exhausts a lot of hot air when cpu taxed - VGA if Bios ATA set and Vesa only with Bios ACHI set - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5040 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow amd E450, later C50 or C60 with A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;non efi sata in IDE mode but base plastic difficult to remove for access || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6250 or 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8105E VB 10/100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285 no space for swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.1.1 and AROS USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 15INCH 1388 X 768 - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - under removable keyboard via 4 top spring loaded catches is 1 ddr3l sodimm max 8gb and wifi - 
|-
| Latitude e6230 E6330 E6430 || i3 3320M 3350M 2.8 GHz i5 3360M i7 3520M || {{N/A}} || {{partial|non RAID mode}} || {{partial|Intel HD 4000 (VESA only)}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{partial|Intel USB 3.0 (USB 1.1 2.0 only)}} || {{No|Intel 82579LM Gigabit}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014 09-27 || 2013 64bit Ivy Bridge - 12.5-inch 13.3-inch 14-inch screen - not great support, better under hosted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15 3521 5521 5721, Vostro 3555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 i7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4000 or Radeon 8730M or 7670M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC850 ??  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8105E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros or Dell 1703 1704 1705}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit Panther Point Ivy Bridge Intel(R) 7 Series Mobile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15‑3541 15‑3542 P40F001 P40F002 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1 2100 6010 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Inspiron 15 5565 5567 AMD versions || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9200u A9-9400 A12-9700P Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R5 R8 GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - there are i-intel versions - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 3505 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204, Cirrus Logic CS8409 (CS42L42 and SN005825)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8106E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64-bit - 15.6 - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;|-
|}

====Fujitsu-Siemens====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest)
&lt;pre &gt;
Amilo 
Esprimo 
Lifebook 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu [http://www.labri.fr/perso/fleury/index.php?page=bug_transmeta FMV-Biblo Loox S73A (Japan P1100) LifeBook P1120 Biblo Loox T93C (Japan P2120) P2020] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Transmeta Crusoe CPU TM5600 633MHz with Ali M1535 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Rage Mobility M with 4MB SDRAM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Ali M1535 + STAC9723 Codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 only || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1999 32bit 10&quot; 1280 x 600 matte LCD - QuickPoint IV mouse - metal chassis with palm rest plastic - 15GB 2.5 inch drive and SR 8175 8X DVD-ROM drive -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7000 S7010 S7010D S2020 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.6 or 1.7GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Intel 855}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|AC97 with STAC 9751T or 9767 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros, Broadcom or Intel 2200BG - FN,F10}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;14.1 inch with minimal support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook e8010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 855GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 STAC9767 or ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom NetXtreme BCM5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.1 inch
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5000 ST5010 ST5011 ST5012 ST5020 ST5021 ST5022 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.0GHz P-M and later 1.1GHz on Intel 855GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5788 tg3 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 16V 3.75A with wacom serial pen interface - indoor Screen transmissive 10.1 and later 12.1 XGA TFT - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Pro V2010  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA CN400 PM880 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|S3 unichrome use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 VT8237 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rhine 6102 6103 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RaLink RT2500 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boot mount - unknown bootstrap error then crashes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Li 1705 CN896 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with VIA P4M900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA VT8237 HD Audio  with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;VT82xx 62xx || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|VIA Rhine}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;random freezes
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Esprimo Mobile V5535 Skt mPGA 478MN 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE and EIDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{maybe|IDE mode with SIS 5513}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{maybe|SiS 771 / 671 (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HD Audio SIS968 SIS966 SI7012 with ALC268 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{no|USB 1.1 and 2.0 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|SiS 191 gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros AR5001 mini pci express}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.5 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 20v barrel - f2 setup f12 multi boot - random freezing short time after booting - chipset SIS 671MX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo SI 1520 1521p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Pro 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some support but Set Bios option ATA Control Mode to Compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7020 S7020D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Pentium M 740 1.73MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC260 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5751M Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG or Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5030 ST5031 ST5032 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1 to 1.2GHx Pentium M with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - 200 pin ddr2 ram 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5110 ST5111 ST5112 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 1.2GHz Core Duo and Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with STAC9228 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 ABG or optional atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;either 32 or 64 bit - charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - SigmaTel® touchscreen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E8110 S7110 E8210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC262 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8055 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit Core Duo 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || CHIPSET || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook PH521 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-350 E-450 1.65GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 6310M 6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 802.11 bgn}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 11.6 inch 1366x768 pixels - DDR3 1066MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====HP Compaq====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
Presario 
Pavilion 
Omnibook 
ProBook
Armada
Elitebook
&lt;/pre &gt;


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c00 series Compaq Presario  [http://users.utu.fi/sjsepp/linuxcompaqarmada100s.html Armada 100S made by Mitac], 1247 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-II with PE133 MVP-4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - Trident Blade3D AGP sp16953 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA ac'97 audio [rev20] with AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|usual VIA issues [rev10]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 192MB max - PCcard Texas PC1211 no support - 1200 XL1 1200-XL1xx, XL101, XL103 XL105 XL106 XL109 XL110 XL111 XL116  XL118 XL119 XL125 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c01 series Armada 110, Evo N150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with VIA PLE133 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Trident Cyber Blade i1 chipset || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 686 rev20 82xxx 686a || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82557 Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;max 192mb sodimm 100Mhz 133Mhz ram memory - 1200-XL405A 12XL405A XL502A 12XL502A 1600XL 
|-
| Armada M300 M700 E500 || 440BX || {{Yes| }} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ATI Rage LT M1 Mobility (VESA only)}} || {{no|AC97 ESS Maestro 2E M2E ES1987 sound}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{No|[http://perho.org/stuff/m300/index_en.html Intel PRO 100+ Mini PCI]}} || {{N/A}} || Aspire OS 2012, Nightly 30-01 2013 and 04-05 2013 || a little support via F10 bios options and Fn+F11 reset CMOS with 64mb ram already on board
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel BX 600Mhz GC model 256mb or AMD GD 500Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - S3 Inc. 86C270 294 Savage IX-MV (rev 11) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Allegro 1 (rev 12)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel 82371AB PIIX4 USB (rev 01) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit no cardbus pcmcia support - no audio from Polk Audio Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82830 ICH3 P3-M 750MHz 800Mhz 900MHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - CGC 830MG}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|only one 1.1 port}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|e100 82557}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.51 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Boots USB Stick via Plop boot floppy - Memory for GF 256-512mb, GS up 1GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1000 TC-1000 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA NV11 [GeForce2 Go] (rev b2) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA AC97 Audio (rev 50) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OHCI NEC USB 2.0 (rev 02) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82551 QM (rev 10) || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atmel at76c506 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Transmeta LongRun (rev 03)  with VT82C686 - Texas Instruments TI PCI1520 PC card Cardbus 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq R3000 ZV5000 (Compal LA-1851) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nForce 3 with AMD CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia  NV17 [GeForce4 420 Go 32M]  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Realtek RTL8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4303 BCM4306 or Atheros bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some laptops, especially HPs have a setting to automatically disable wireless if a wired connection is detected 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq [http://www.walterswebsite.us/drivers.htm Presario 700 series] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VT8363 VT8365 [Apollo Pro KT133 KM133] || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VT8636A (S3 Savage TwisterK) (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA AC97 [rev50] with AD1886 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|VIA UHCI USB 1.1 [rev1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RealTek RTL8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor consumer grade level construction - jbl audio pro speakers - no support for cardbus pcmcia TI PCI1410 - 700A EA LA UK US Z 701AP EA BR FR 701Z 702US 703US AP JP audio sp18895 Sp19472 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| N400c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Rage Mobility 128 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Maestro 3 allegro 1}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| N410c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Radeon Mobility M7 LW 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| Evo N600c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{No|ESS ES1968 Maestro 2}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Evo N610c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel ICH AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| N800c || P4 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || P4M CPU can get very warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NX7010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI mobility 7500 or 9000 Radeon 9200 64MB (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ADI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci (1.1) and ehci (2.0)}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200b bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Preasrio V5000 (Compal LA-2771) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 3000+ or Turion ML with SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati RS480M Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 ATI with Conexant CX 20468 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8100 8101L 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bcm4318 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit single core machine V5001 V5002 V5002EA V5003 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1100 TC-1100 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia Geforce4 Go || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|BCM 4400}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros wlan W400 W500 or ? bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC6000 NC8000 NW8000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM with Pentium M 1.5 1.6 1.8GHz 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;max 160 GB for NW 8000 || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Ati RV350 mobility 9600 M10 Fire GL T2 ISV use VESA 2D as no laptop display}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel AC97 with ADI codec playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|mini pci Atheros 5212 BG W400 W500 or Intel - all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 based [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=41916&amp;forum=47 works] - Firewire TI TSB43AB22/A - 8 pound 2.5 kg travel weight - an SD slot as well as two PC Card slots - 15-inch UXGA screen (1,600 x 1,200) or 15&quot; SXGA+ (1400 x 1050) (4:3 ratio)  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq NC6110 NX6110 NC6120 NC6220 NC4200 NC8200 TC4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 915GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D GMA 900}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 with ADI AD1981B playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|440x or BCM 5705M or 5751M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel IPW 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Sonoma based - Wifi with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB one - (INVENTEC ASPEN UMA MV) (INVENTEC ASPEN DIS PV) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq C500 CTO aka HP G7000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek ALC262 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM 4311 bios locked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 91B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel PRO 100 VE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32 bit only - Mosfet FDS6679 common cause of shorts giving no power to the tip. To reset adapter, unplug from AC (mains) and wait 15-30 sec. Then plug in again - 
|-
| Presario F700 series, HP G6000 f730us F750 F750us F755US F756NR F765em || AMD Turion Mono MK-36 2.0Ghz NForce 560m or Twin X2 TK-55 with nForce 610m MCP67 || {{N/A| }} || {{Yes|but needs special sata adapt bit and caddy}} || {{Yes|GF Go 7000m 2D and 3D 640x350 to 1280x800 - ball solder issues due to poor cooling}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{Maybe|uhci and ehci boots}} || {{No|Nvidia }} || {{Yes|Atheros AR5007 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.3.1 and Aros One 1.6 USB || 2006 64bit - f9 boot device f10 bios setup - random freezes after a minutes use means internal ventilation maintenance needed each year essential - No sd card and overall limited phoenix bios options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Presario v6604au v6608au V3500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA MCP67M with AMD Athlon64 X2 TK 55 amd 1.8ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce Go 7150M 630i or C67 630M MCP67 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia or Realtek 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4311 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers - ball solder issues - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario v6610 v6615eo v6620us || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Turion 64 X2 mobile TK-55 / 1.8 GHz to athlon 64x2 @ 2.4ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|geforce 7150 or 7300m 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD HD Audio with IDT codec stereo playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 OHCI EHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 -  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=40956&amp;forum=48 works well]  - 1 x ExpressCard/54 - SD Card slot - AO4407 test voltage of the Drain side (pins 5-8) with AC adapter and no battery, see 0 volts, connect the battery you should have 10-14v - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;v6630em v6642em || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630M with AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 6150M or 7150M  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 in 1280 x 800 ( WXGA ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM Core Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D issues and no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio AD1981HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 - replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB g - 
* 32bit Core Duo T2400 
* 64bit Core 2 Duo T5600 T7600 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NV NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo + 945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Radeon x1300M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ADI1981 low volume}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 Harmon Kardon speakers
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6320 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 
* 32bit Core Duo 1.83GHz T2400 
* 64bit Core2 Duo 1.83GHz T5600 
 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950 2D with a little 3D tunnel 213}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with AD1981HD codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5788}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if applying hacked wifi bios RISKY!! else use USB - 14.1&quot; or 15 inch XGA 1024x768 - noisy cpu fan for core2 - trackpad rhs acts as window scroller - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP NC4400 TC4400 Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo with 82945 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios F.07 limits to 100GB 120GB}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|2D and 3D 282 tunnel and gearbox 150}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ADI 1981HD codec via ear phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or BCM 4306 - Whitelist BIOS F.0C needed but risky}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64 bit possible with Core2 - TI SD card reader non bootable - wacom serial digitiser pen not working - 
* 32bit 1.86GHz core duo 
* 64bit 2Ghz T7200, 2.16Ghz Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33GHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion DV2000 CTO || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950, X3100, Nvidia 8400M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Conexant CX 20549 Venice || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia MCP51 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 4311 or Intel 3945 4965 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006  Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario C700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5007 AR5001 AR242x}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq 2510p 6510b 6710b 6910b || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 965GM GL960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|  || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X3100 some 2d but slow software 3d only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio ADI AD1981 HD low volume on head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566 or Broadcom BCM 5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG or 4965ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon 2014 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;no sd card boot support - F9 to choose boot option - [http://forums.mydigitallife.info/threads/7681-This-is-no-request-thread!-HP-COMPAQ-bioses-how-to-modify-the-bios/page111?p=333358#post333358 whitelist removal (risky) bios block for wifi card swap] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ40 CQ41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BC4310 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ35 CQ36 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Compal LA-4743P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq CQ42 CQ43 CQ45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Coxenant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8191SE, Realtek 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; (Quanta AX1) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ50 CQ56 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia MCP78S || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Geforce 8200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;nVidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;nvidia MCP77 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR928X bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 [http://donovan6000.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/insyde-bios-modding-wifi-and-wwan-whitelists.html bios modding risky] MCP72XE MCP72P MCP78U MCP78S 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion dv4 dv4z(AMD), dv5 (dv5z AMD), dv7 (dv7z AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QL-60, QL-62 (AMD Turion 64 X2) RM-70, RM-72, ZM-80, ZM-84, (AMD Turion II) M520 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 3200 3450 4530 4550 4650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit - 14.1&quot; dv4, dv5 features a 15.4&quot; and the HP Pavilion dv7 a 17&quot; display
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ57z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATi HD 6310 wrestler}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101 RTL8102 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT5390}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP CQ58z 103SA E5K15EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD Dual-Core E1-1500 APU with A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon HD 7310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 10/100 BASE-T}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 39.6 cm (15.6&quot;) HD BrightView LED-backlit (1366 x 768)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 635 DM1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-300, E-450 later E2-1800 on SB7x0 SB8x0 SB9x0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;ATI non efi SATA AHCI - IDE mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D - AMD HD6310, 6320 to HD7340}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC270A GR but not Wrestler HDMI Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 driver covers Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 - f9 f10 - external battery - 2 stacked ddr3l sodimm slots max 16Gb under one base plate - removable keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP G6 2000-2b10NR 2000-2d10SX 2000-2d80NR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-2000 E2-3000M on A50M (soldered) A4-3305A on A60M (socket) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6620G, 6520G, 6480G, 6380G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 100 1000 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 39.6-cm (15.6-in) HD LED BrightView (1366×768) - 1 or 2 ddr3l max 8G - 19VDC 3.42A Max 65W Tip 7.4mm x 5.0mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6465B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3310MX or A6-3410MX with A60M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6480G or 6520G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|IDT 92HD81B1X}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 6205 or broadcom 4313 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 13-inch or 14-inch runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6475b, Probook 4445s 4545s, HP Pavilion 15-b115sa, [https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c04015674#AbT6 HP mt41 Mobile Thin Client PC] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4 4300M, A6 4400M 4455M or A8 4500M with AMD A70M A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420 7520G 7640G 7660G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with idt or realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8151FH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205 or Broadcom BCM 43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit 15.6-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 455 G1 F2P93UT#ABA, 645 G1, Envy 15-j151ea G7V80EA, Envy m6-1310sa (E4R01EA#ABU) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Quad A4-4300M A8-4500M A10-4600M A4-5150M A6-5350M 2.9Ghz A10-5750M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420G 7520G 7640G 7660G 8350G 8450G or 8550G, 8650G, 8750G }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio IDT 92HD91 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14in and 15in 1366 x 768 - external battery - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - 19.5v / 4.62A psu runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 245 G4, 255 G1, 255 G2, 455 G2, 255 G3, 255 G4 80CB, 255 G5 82F6, 355 G2, HP Pavilion 15-p038na 15-g092sa 15-p091sa 15-G094S 15-p144na 15-p142na, 15-Af156sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD A4-5000 A6-5200, E2-6110, E1-6010 E2-2000, E1-2100 E2-3800, A4-6210 A6-6310 A8-6410, E2-7110, A6-7310 A8-7410 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC3201-GR || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8102E or Atheros 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6-inch (1366 x 768) - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - small 31Whr or 41Whr external battery covers 240 G4, 245 G4, 250 G4, 255 G4, 256 G4, 14G, 15G - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 g2, Probook 445 G2, Probook 245 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8600 A8-8700 a10- || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I219V 100/1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in and 15.6-inch HD (1366 x 768) or FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16GB - internal battery - hp ac psu tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G2, 745 G2, 755 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd Quad A6-7050B A8-7150B 1.9GHz A10-7350B || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R4 R5 Radeon R6 with DP and vga}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT 92HD91}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 PCIe GBE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom or Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch, 14&quot; or 15.6in (all 1366 x 768) - 19.5V 65w 45W AC adapter - internal pull up tab battery under base which slides off - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G3, 745 G3, 755 G3, 725 G4, 745 G4, 755 G4, HP mt43 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd A8-8600B, A10-8700B, A12-8800B to Quad A8 Pro 9600B to A10 9800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R5 R6 R7 with DP and vga but screen is low res, dull colours, and blurry}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5762 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BE-VB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5-inch (1366 x 768) to 14&quot; and 15.6in - 2 sodimm ddr3 - 19.5V 45W AC slim 4.5mm hp adapter - randomly shuts down and the noisy fans constantly on - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G3, 655 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8th Gen A10-8730B, A8-9600B (4c4t) A6-8530B (2c2t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111HSH || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G4, Probook 455 G5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-9600P APU, A9-9410, A6-9210 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4, R5 or R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;realtek or intel Wireless-AC 7265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220, 9125 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV or RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 31Whr external battery covers HP 240 G6, 245 G6, 246 G6, 250 G6, 255 G6, HP 14-BS, HP 14-BW, HP 15-BS - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ProBook 245 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range all dual cores - AMD A6-9225 APU, AMD A4-9125 APU, AMD PRO A6-8350B APU, AMD PRO A4-5350B APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R4 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - many variants - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Pavilion 15z bw0xxx, 15-bw024na 15-ba506na, 15-bw060na 15-DB0521SA, HP Envy x360 15-ar052sa 2 in 1,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9420 2c 2t, A10-9620p 4c4t 9700p 7th Gen Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p - internal battery - 19.5V 2.31A hp plug - 1 DDR4-1866 SDRAM sodimm slot - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 725 G5, 735 G5, 745 G5, 755 G5, Probook 455 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata or NVMe and/or 2.5in sata if detachable ribbon cable present || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8 i.e. GCN 5 with VCN 1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek or rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in up to 1080p - internal battery - 1 (smaller laptops) or 2 ddr4 sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - probook case extra screws under 2 rubber strips - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - esc bios setup f9 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Envy x360 15-bq150sa, Envy x360 covertible 13 13-ag0xxx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek, none on 13in}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 13 or 15.6in 1080p - hp barrel or usb-c on 13in - ddr4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-cm, 15-bw0, HP 15-db0043na, HP 15-db0996na, HP 15-db0997na, 17-ca0007na, 17-ca1, ProBook 645 G4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2200U (2c 4t) 2500U (4c 8t) with AMD Carrizo FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 and 1 2.5in on some larger models || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 and later Vega 3 or 7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3227 and ATI HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 USB boot drive stuck on kitty's eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL 8723DE 8821 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 2kg - screen is dim 14in, 15.6in or 17.3&quot; 1366 x 768, later 1080p - 65W 19.5V ac adapter - internal 3-cell 41 Wh Li-ion battery does not last long - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - no DVD-Writer - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c06955717 ProBook 245 g8], HP 255 G7, HP14-dk0599sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range mostly dual cores - AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c 2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c 2t), Pro 3145U APU to 3200U (2c 4t) and 3500U (4c 8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 NVMe 2280 but usually no 2.5in mountings || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 but no usb-c}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - many lesser variants - plastic build - 14in / 15.6in dim panel TN Full HD - one heatpipe for cpu - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 735 G6 5VA23AV, Elitebook 745 G6, 255 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 5-3500U Ryzen 3-3300U AMD Ryzen 3-3250U AMD Athlon® Gold 3150U AMD Athlon Silver 3050U AMD 3020e || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|m.2 2280 nvme in legacy - hp sure start and secure boot disabled but still issues with gpt installs}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 8, 5 or 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 type-A port boots stick partially to kitty eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 realtek RTL8111E or 8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek or intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|Icaros 2.3 onto USB and AROS One 1.8 and 2.0 USB}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 1366x768 to 1920x1080 - 2 3200MHz DDR4 sodimms - 19.5V 2.31A or 20V 2.25 45W 4.5X3.0MM hp - esc bios setup, f9 boot device select - low travel keyboard - poor battery life - plastic hooked base with retained screws - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Envy x360 13 laptop and 13 and 15.6' 2 in 1 convertible || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R5 4500U with carrizo FCH51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek wifi 6 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 13.3in or 15.6in IPS 1080p - ram soldered - touch pen not supplied - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 4300U 5 4500U 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata and 1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl169 realtek rtl8111ep || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek RTL8822CE or intel AC 9260 or Wi-Fi 6 AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 inch 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - smart 45w 65w hp usbc ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 745 G7, 845 G7, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5, PRO 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit -  Bang &amp; Olufsen speakers - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G8, HP 245 G9 Laptop || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 5425U, 5 5500U 5625U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6 or 8 hdmi 1.4B}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 1GBe}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822CE or Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14&quot; to 15.6in 1366 x 768 to 1080p poor gamut - 45 or 65w hp psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16GB - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 645 g7, 835 G8, 845 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5650U, R7 Pro 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1Gbe on 645 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 13.3&quot; or 14&quot; 1080p - poor screens low nits and srgb score - 845 gets hot poor cooling - slim round ac -  keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Dev One || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R7 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 internal sodimm slots - hp barrel ac - good repairability - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 845 g9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;aMD 6000 series 6850u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 680m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB4 thunderbolt type}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit aluminum case - 14in 1080p to 2140p 16:10 poor screen again - 2 internal ddr5 sodimm slots - usb-c ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====IBM/Lenovo====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
iSeries
Edge 
Ideapad
Thinkpad - good cases and construction but electronic internals same as anyone else 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 390X 390E (2626) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic MM2200 with C400 P2-266 to P3 500MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|256AV or ESS Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 600x || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neomagic NM2360 MagicMedia 256ZX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Crystal CS4297A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit a little support - earlier 600 and 600e were Pentium 2 based 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X20 (2662-32U) X21 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440 BX ZX DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 with Cirrus Logic Crystal cs4281}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;no mini pci intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T20 (2647) T21 (26) T22 || 440BX || {{Maybe| }} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|Savage IX-MV (VESA only)}} || {{no|Cirrus Logic CS 4614/22/ 24/30}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || a little support - no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A21e (2628, 2655) A22e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440MX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati rage mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 Cs4299 CS4229}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 
|-
| Thinkpad T23 (2647) || i810 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Super Savage IX/C SDR (VESA only)}} || {{maybe|AC'97 CS4299}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel ICH3 PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Realtek RTL8180L others with bios hacking risky}} || || 2003 32bit with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X22 X23 X24 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi Mobility M6 LY || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 CS4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Actiontec Harris Semi Intersil Prism 2.5 (X23 and X24 only) || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;with slice Ultrabase X2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A30 A30p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon M6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS 4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 ve || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A31 A31p R31 R32 T30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7500 or FireGL || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 Intel with AD1881A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes| Intel Pro 100 ve}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Android-Ecosystem-Developers/AROS-An-operation-system-inside-Android/td-p/1441741 Icaros 1.5.2] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Also tested with Icaros 2.0.3. 
|-
| Thinkpad X30 (2673) X31 (2884-xx2) X31t || i830 || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only Radeon M6 Mobility}} || {{yes|AC97 - AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{no|Cisco Aironet or Intel 2915 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 1.4 || sound bit distorted 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R50e R51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 855M use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;intel AC97 with AD1981B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - 
|-
| IBM Thinkpad T40 (2373) T41 T41p (2379) T42 T42p T43 T43p || Intel 8xx || {{partial|PIO}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI mobility 7500 9000 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 playback}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{no|e1000}} || {{Maybe|Intel 2200bg bios locked but possible AR5BMB-44 AR5212 FRU 39T0081 mini PCI}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2004 32bit 16v IBM plug - Centrino Needs ATA=nodma option - issues with the inner chip of the SMT BGA graphics chip 
|-
| Thinkpad X32 || i855 || {{yes|40, 60 or 80GB 2.5&quot; PATA HDD}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only ATI Mobility Radeon 7000 with 16MB}} || {{maybe| Intel AC'97 Audio with a AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Intel 1000}} || {{no|Intel 2200 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 2.1 || 2004 32bit - 12.1&quot; TFT display with 1024x768 resolution; 256 or 512MB PC2700 memory standard (2GB max) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X40 X40t by Quanta || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel 800 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel but most atheros with bios hacking - difficult though}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit last IBM design 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X41 (IBM) MT 1864 1865 2525 2526 2527 2528 x41t (Lenovo) MT 1866 1867 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with single core 1.5 1.6 and tablet 1.2GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel or MiniPCI Wi-Fi Atheros AR5BMB FRU 39T0081 but ordinary atheros 54meg needs risky bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - amongst first Lenovo design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 (most 18xx) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1870 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATi 200m  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|ATI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T60 T60P 
* 64bit - 6 or 8 is 16:10 on T60/p, eg. 8742-CTO 15.4&quot; 
* 32bit - 1 and 2 are 14&quot;, 15&quot; 4:3, like 2007-YM3 or 1952-CTO 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;*any* T60/p will take a Core 2 Duo CPU with newer BIOS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA (2D) with &quot;p&quot; graphics card (ATi V5200 or V5250) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel ipw3945 ABG but atheros with Middleton's or Zender BIOS hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X60 x60s x60t tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1981 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 ABG or fru 39T5578 Atheros 5K AR5BXB6 ar5007eg with bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Icaros 1.4 || 2006 32bit - perhaps needs a zendered bios update but risky 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R60 R60e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 950 with optional radeon x1300 x1400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with 1981HD codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 3945 or atheros fru 39T5578 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T61 T61p without Middleton's or Zender BIOS || Core 2 Duo CPU T7300 T8300 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || Intel GMA (2D), NVS 140m or Quadro FX 570M () || {{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || {{No|Intel but atheros with bios hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.6 || 2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X61 x61s X61T Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3100 (2D) slow 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1984 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;82566DM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|Atheros AR5212 (some revisions use Intel WLAN runs very hot) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2007 64bit possible &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit ultrabook running very hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R61 R61i || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5787M || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|Geforce 7300 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2007 64bit 3D graphics parts are supported but buggy.
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 / V200 || GM965 ICH9-M with Intel Mobile Core 2 Duo T5450 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|X3100 (2D)}} || {{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269VB or CX20549}} || {{yes| }} || {{no|BCM5906M}} || {{no|Intel 3965 / 4965AGN bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4.1 2.1 || bits of laptop works 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Merom SL7100 1.2GHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 4965 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;13.3&quot; TFT 1440x900 (WXGA+) with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X301 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Penryn SU9400 Su9600 with GM45 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch micro SATA (uSATA) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X4500}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5xxx WiFi link 5100, 5150, 5300 and 5350 (WiMAX) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 WXGA+ (1440×900) LED backlight display -  2774 or 4057 Alps and 2776 Synaptics touchpad - optical bay interface is Legacy IDE (PATA) - Addonics ADMS18SA, Lycom ST-170m 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge 11″ AMD K325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for ATI HD4200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{{{maybe|}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|8192CE (Realtek 8176) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X100e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Neo Single-Core (MV-40) and dual cores || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|2.5in tray in ide mode in bios}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa ATI HD3200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with CX20582 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek r8192se bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 11.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v 65W round barrel - enter f1 setup f11 diagnostics f12 boot list - runs very warm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL400 SL500 || Intel  || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|IDE mode}} || {{Maybe|Nvidia 9400M}} || {{Maybe|ALC269}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{Maybe|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} ||  || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL410 SL510 || 965  || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA X4500M (some 2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC269 codec - speaker and ear phones}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{yes|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} || [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=645774&amp;postcount=28 Icaros 1.3] || SL-410 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400 ODM Wistron || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d - optional switchable Nvidia or ATi HD3470 untested}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Codec CX20561 (T400)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 20v lenovo plug - non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VSEA for Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with CX20585}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T500 T510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for switchable Intel / AMD  HD 3640}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|Intel HD Audio with a CX20561 (t500) and CX20585 (T510) codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Lenovo branded unit Atheros AR5007EG AR5BHB63 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X200 ODM Wistron [http://itgen.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/installing-arch-linux-on-lenovo.html X200s] and x200t tablet model without [http://fsfe.soup.io/post/590865884/the-unconventionals-blog-English-Flashing-Libreboot-on Risky flash of the Libreboot BIOS] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM45 GS45 with slow Celeron, SU or faster SL Core 2 Duos CPUs || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe||Intel GMA 4500 MHD 2D but slow software 3D tunnel 10 gearbox 8 tests}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD Audio with Conexant CX20561 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{{Yes|USB 2.0 USB SD card reads and writes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82567LM Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Pro 5100 5150 5300 5350 AGN due to whitelist prevention bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 12.1&quot; CCFL (webcam version) or LED backlit (no webcam). no support for 54mm express cards or Authentec 2810 fingerprint reader - thinkpoint only no trackpad - thinklight - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T410 T410s T410si || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;qm57 with i5 m || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use vesa Intel 5700MHD (Ironlake) core processor igp with optional Nvidia Quadro NVS 3100M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio Conexant CX20585 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82577lm gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel n 6200 or Atheros AR9280 AR5BHB92 half size minipcie detected bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 xmas || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit battery life much lower with Nvidia graphics version - no support firewire ricoh r5c832 - ricoh sd card - series 5 3400  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X201 X201s x201t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM57 Core i3 370m, i5 M520 2.4GHz or i7 620LM 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d on Intel GMA HD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD with [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=94.0 Conexant 20585] codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 X201 arrandale power consumption limits battery life to 3-4 hours for 48Whr though to 6 on 72Whr - 12.5&quot; WXGA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T420 type 4180 4236 t420s  T520 4239 L520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 2540, 2520 or i7 2860QM 2620 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 136 x 768 - Intel HD 3000 with optional NVS 4200M Nvidia optimus or Radeon HD 565v }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only with Conexant CX20672 codec - AHI 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 1x1, Intel Ultimate-N 6205 6250 2x2 6300 3x3 all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit add noacpi to grub boot options - screen 1600x900 or 1366x768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 3000 with nvidia quadro 1000m 2000m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel Hd with CX 20585 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579 Lm}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000s}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;optimus issues with Nvidia Intel hybrids unless bumblebee switching - 15.6&quot; TFT display with 1366x768 (HD), 1600x900 (HD+) or 1920x1080 (FHD) resolution with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X220 x220t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM67 express, dual i5 2520M or i7 dual 2620M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D 1024 x 768 for Intel HD Graphics 3000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD playback with Conexant 20672 codec ear phones and speaker - AHI 6.27 6.34}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 Wi-Fi bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3, Aros One USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit possible - uses slimmer 7 mm storage sata devices - NEC USB 3.0 on i7's no support - unwanted trackpad gestures when palm rests on it - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X120e, x121e Quanta FL8A DAFL8AMB8D0 Rev D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 with slow AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;yes || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATI 0x9802}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI SBx00 Azalia HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8169 RTL8111  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 0x0576 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 11.6 inch screen - 1 inch think - chiclet keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S205 G575 G585 E325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-350 later E-450 with A75 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit removeable and plug in battery - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S206 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E300 1.3GHZ Dual || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with CX20672 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 11.6&quot; and integrated battery - Conexant® 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo x130e or x131e edu || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 or E-450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon HD 6310 or 6320 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio Realtek ALC269VC / ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB 30 and USB 20}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 RTL8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE or Broadcom BCM43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit rubber edged bumper for K12 education market - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T430 t430i T530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ivy bridge i5 3320 3230m on Intel QM77 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1366 x 768 for Intel HD 4000 with optional Nvidia 5400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 aka ALC269VC codec playback ear head phones - HDA 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2 ports and usb2.0 devices thru usb 3.0 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Atheros AR9285 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit fan noise and chiclet keyboard, synaptics trackpad - HD+ 1600x900 screen or normal 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad L430 L530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC269VC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 rtl810x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 6205 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit alps trackpad - vkeyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000 with Nvidia GK107GLM Quadro K2000M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 ALC269VC codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82579LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ricoh sdxc slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X230 x230t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel QM67 express i5 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with ALC269 aka ALC3202}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 12.2 in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T440 t440s t440p T540 L440 L540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel haswell 8 series Core i3 to i7  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA - Intel 4600 or Nvidia}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek ALC3232 alc269 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.0 and 2 usb 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 14 and 15&quot; models with glitchy trackpad and no physical buttons - IPS options available - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X240 x240t ultrabook TN (20AL0081GE), HD IPS display without touch (20AL007NGE) and touch (20AL0076GE) but all 65% sRGB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;haswell i7-4600U i5 4200U 4210U 4300U i3-4100U - two batteries, one internal 3cell 45N1110 (45N1111) or 45N1112 (FRU 45N1113) and external 3 / 6cell  45N1126 (FRU 45N1127) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in 7mm sata (torq t7), m.2 2242 in WWAN slot (m and b key NGFF Sata) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4400 for vga or mini-dp}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086 0x0a0c 0x9c20 with Realtek ALC3232 aka ALC292 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel® 82577LM Gigabit (Hanksville) }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel 7260n I218-V or I218-LM bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 12.2in 1366 x 768 or 1080p - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - no keyboard spill drainage and removal of all components to replace - lenovo rectangle pwr ac - TPM 1.2 - Bluetooth 4.0 no support - large touchpad with integrated but no physical buttons - bottom panel loosening 8 retained screws - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T450 T450s t450p T550 L550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i5 4300U i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5500U 5600U soldered || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 5500 5600 with optional nvidia 940M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD Audio with ALC3232 codec Realtek ALC3232 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wireless AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14&quot; 1366 x 768, 1600 x 900 or IPS 1920x1080 - Broadwell - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad x250 x250t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|2.5in 7mm or m.2 2242 sata (m and b key)}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek ALC3232 codec / Intel HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|up to 3 USB 3.0 partly boots from usb but stops waiting for usb}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I218 extension port}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 1366 x 768, 1920 × 1080 12.5&quot; screen - Fn and F1 for setup bios - F12 boot options - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Conexant CX20751-21Z codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111gus}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Wireless-N 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 1376 x 786 - plastic construction - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E135 E335 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd dual E-300, E2-1800 or E2-2000 slow atom like A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|SATA 3.0Gb/s 2.5&quot; wide 7mm high}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA radeon 6310 or 7340 vga or hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb3, 1 powered usb2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111f}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek WLAN whitelist bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6 inch to 13.3in 1366x768 - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic case - external battery - 20v 65w lenovo barrel ac - 2 ddr3 sodimm 8Gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x140e E145 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1 2500 dual or A4 5000 apu quad BGA769 (FT3) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8260 or 8330}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek ALC269VC aka ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111F or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE 11b/g/n  or FRU Intel version}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6&quot; 1366x768, non-glare and Broadcom bluetooth - education student market rugged model - both CPUs soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E525 E535 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3420M A8-3500M later A8-4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6620G later 7640G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB2 but not usb3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 matt - 65W 20v lenovo round psu - thick desktop replacement - ThinkPad Edge E520 E520S E525 E530 E545 E535 E530C Laptop Keyboard swap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E545 
* key cap swap with E440 E531 E540 L440 L450 T431S T440S T440P T540 
* Keyboard swap L540 T540p W540 Edge E531 E540 W541 T550 W550S L560 P50S T560 04Y2426 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Socket FS1r2 A6-5350M (2c2t) or A8-4500M, A8-5550M, A10-5750M (4c4t) with A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5 inch 7mm 9.5mm bios config, sata into compatibility and security, secure boot disabled || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 7640G, 8450G, 8550G, 8650G Northern Islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VOID 6.3 for HDAudio Conexant CX20590 Analog, CX20671 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|boots pen drives but USB3 no}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 1GbE 8111F}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM43142 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 matt heavy desktop replacement - 20v 65w 90w round lenovo plug psu - 2 DDR3 SODIMM slots stacked up to 16GB Max - external 6 Cell Li-Ion Battery 48Wh - removable mini sata DVD burner - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery in wifi area jp1202 - noacpi grub2
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo G505s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8 5550M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 8550M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 15D 20334 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 5200, e1 2100,  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8169 rtl810x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k whitelist for wifi swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo B50-45, G50-45 80E3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 (2c), A6-6400 (2c), AMD A8 (4c), AMD A4-6300 (2c), AMD E2-6200 (2c), AMD E1-6050 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E455 E555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7000 A8-7100 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - 2 DDR3L slots max 16G - no TPM - keyboard swap - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z40-75 Z50-75 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-7300 4c 4t || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R6 6CUs}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - heavy - external battery - slim box lenovo ac - dvdrw - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;lenovo yoga 510-14ast 8059,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-9210 A9-9410 and Intel Xeon E3-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 45w 20v round barrel 4.0 * 1.7mm fits Yoga 310 510 520 710 - Harman Audio - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;V110-15AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v lenovo slim box ac - keyboard repair / swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E465 E565 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8500P 8600P A8-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 to 1080p IPS - Polycarbonate, ABS Plastic shell casing - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*ThinkPad A275 12in (1 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) 
*Thinkpad A475 14in (2 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) - both internal (main) and external (secondary) battery 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-8730B A10-9700B 2.500Ghz later A12-8830B A12-9800B (all 4c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Sata3 port for 7mm 2.5in ssd hdd but only after setup in other machines - WWAN slot cannot use M.2 2242 sata with M and B key}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5 or R7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi with ALC3268 codec - VOID even with QUERY / QUERYD added}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 bios startup set to legacy, starts to boot pendrives but stops, usb mouse not detected}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV, shell pinging google.com works but apps like OWB start when copied to RAM: and run from there}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE WLAN whitelist locked cannot swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|AROSOne USB 1.8 with noacpi added to grub2 line then waiting for bootable media (kitty eyes)}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 12 or 14in 1366 x 768 poor screen - 45W or 65w lenovo rectangle ac adapter - F1 enter bios and F12 boot order - 6 retained screws and snap on base - secure boot disabled - keyboard swap not easy - 2100 error message no solution except using only efi/gpt bios option - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo LAPTOP V145-15AST Ideapad V145 81mt, Ideapad 310, Ideapad 320-15ABR, 330-14AST 330-15AST 330-17AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V330-14ARR 81B1, Ideapad 330s 15ARR,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8 GCN5 with VCN1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE but not on 330s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - battery internal about 30whr - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E485 E585 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2300U R5 2500U R7 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 - USB-C 20V 2.25A or 3.25A charger - 1ddr4 sodimm slot - internal battery only - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A285 A485 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata port and m.2 sata ngff port || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - usb-c charging - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - internal and external battery - watch for bios setting [https://github.com/PSPReverse/PSPTool AMD PSP Platform Security Processor Key] - WWAN whitelist - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga 530-14ARR 81H9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E15 Gen 2 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 15.6in - TPM 2.0 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad C340-13AP1, IdeaPad S340-14API C340-14API || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 3200U, R5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 13in convertible - 14&quot; laptop - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V14-ADA, V15-ADA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3150U, 3250U, Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - internal battery - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E495, Lenovo V155 81V5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 3200U r5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3 or 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek or Qualcomm || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - ddr4 soldered with 1 dimm slot - 20v small round ac jack - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad L340 81LW001CUS PC IdeaPad S540-14API  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8822BE AC (1×1)}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T295 T495 T495s X395 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC328 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111EP not on slim T495s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in 1366 x 768 to FHD 1080p - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb soldered with 1 ddr4 slot on T495 only - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad T14, Lenovo L14 Gen 1 AMD,   || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U 1.7GHz, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - universal USB-C charger - 14&quot; 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen1 AMD version || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 4450U, 5 4650U or 7 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One drive, up to 512GB M.2 2242 SSD or 1TB M.2 2280 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA Radeon}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111EPV, mini RJ-45 to RJ-45 via optional ThinkPad Ethernet Extension Adapter Gen 2 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek Wi-Fi 6 RTL8852AE,  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 13.3&quot; HD 1366x768 to 1080p - USB-C psu - Memory soldered to systemboard, no slots, dual-channel DDR4-3200 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 5 14ARE05 (81YM) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 4300U 4500u 4700u on AMD Promontory/Bixby FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x M.2 2242 slot and 1x M.2 2280 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6 hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel ax200 wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 14in and 15.6 inch mid srgb display - usb-c psu - ram soldered non-upgrade - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 5 81X2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R5 4500u, R7 4800U, R3 5300 R5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek ac wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit abs plastic case 14in convertible 1080p touch low nits - 65w usb-c psu ac - possible wacom esr note taking pen supplied - ram soldered DDR4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Samsung====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-Q1 Q1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron-M 353 ULV 600Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1.8&quot; SFF HDD 20 / 60 GB }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D opengl1 tunnel 95 gearbox 68}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec - head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Yes|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit old style tablet UltraMobile PC UMPC - Wacom serial resistive pen or finger no support - 1 sodimm ddr2 max 1Gb - LCD 7&quot; WVGA (800 x 480) - CompactFlash port Type II - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP Q1U Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Q1F NP-Q1-F000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel A100 600 / A110 Stealey 800 MHz CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D and 3D opengl1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 1986}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 1024×600 - sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP P500 family P500Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Ati x1250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| Audio with  codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8039 yukon}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit possible - 15.4 tft display - cheap plastic okay build - 19v propriety end - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R505 R510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R520 R522 R610H R620 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Mobile Core i3 Intel PM45 82801M ICH9-M|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4650 (RV730)  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC272  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 88E8057 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR5007EG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit possible 
|-
| NP-R530 ||  || {{N/A}} || {{partial|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Marvell}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung R730 17.3 Essential Notebook NP-R730-JA02UK, NP-R730-JA01SE, R730-JT06 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM55 Dual Core T4300 i3-370M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4500MHD and GeForce G 310M with 1 VGA, 1 HDMI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio ALC??? codec Realtek}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell Yukon 88E8059 PCI-E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom, Intel or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods ISO 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit - 17.3in HD 1280 x 720 pixels low contrast or some 1600x900 - 2 DDR3 sodimm slots - 2.84 kg 6.26 lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Samsung-305U1A-A01DE-Subnotebook.68246.0.html Series 3 Samsung 305u1a] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Zacate E350 or E450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC ACL 269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4313 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-RV415 NP-RV515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 or E450 plus A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 6470 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series 5 NP535U3C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4455M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow - 13.3in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;series 3 NP355V5C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4400M, A8-4500M, A10-4600M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;7640M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.4in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung ATIV Book 9 Lite NP905S3G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-1450 quad 1GHz Temash atom like || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;128gb || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8250 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek rtl8169 but only with mini LAN AA-AE2N12B Ethernet Adapter RJ45 dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9565 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 13.3 TN glossy 1366 x 768 200nits 60% srgb - plastic case - 26W battery built in with 4hr life - 19V 2.1A 3.0*1.0mm psu - 1 ddr3l slot max 4gb - 720p webcam - mini hdmi out - 1w speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of Build Quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Equium 
Satellite (Pro) 
Libretto 
Portege
Tecra
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Tecra 8100 8200 9000 || 440BX || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Savage MX 3D (VESA only)}} || {{no|Yamaha DS-XG ymf744 ymf-754}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{N/A}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.5 || little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra 9100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;810 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|S3 Savage IX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ymf754}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;eeee pro100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PSU Adapter For Toshiba Tecra 9000 9100 A1 A10 A11 A3 A3X A4 A5 A7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M9 R10 S1 series 75 Watt 15V 5A
|-
| [http://tuxmobil.org/toshiba_sp4600.html Satellite Pro 4600] || i810 || IDE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Trident Cyber Blade XP (VESA only)}} || {{no|YAMAHA DS-XG AC97 ymf754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel e100}} || {{no|Agere (internal PCMCIA)}} || || little support 
|-
| Satellite 2805 S603 || Intel 815 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|nVidia GeForce2 Go}} || {{no|Yamaha Corp YMF 754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100}} || {{dunno}} || || little support
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A10 S167 S1291 - A15 A20 A25 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GM or Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 2100, Agere or Atheros PA3399U 1MPC minipci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a few models came with antenna leads 
|-
| Satellite [http://eu.computers.toshiba-europe.com/innovation/jsp/SUPPORTSECTION/discontinuedProductPage.do?service=EU&amp;com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&amp;PRODUCT_ID=76230 A30-714] || P4-M / 82845 i845 || {{yes|82801}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|RTL8139}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || nice laptop, drawbacks: heavy, really hot (P4-3.06 GHz!!) - A30 (EU) A33 (Australian) A35 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A40 A45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - A40 S161 A40-S1611 A40-2701, A45-S120 A45-S1201 S130 S1301 S1501  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a50 A55 a60-s156 Equium A60 PSA67E A65 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A70 A75-S206 A80 A85-S107 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron-M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| Toshiba Satellite Pro M30 || intel 855 || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma option}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100 VE}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.5 || nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Portege M300 - M200 tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855GM with 1.2GHz Pentium M 753 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d only - tablet with nvidia 5200 go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra M2 M2-S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855P Pentium-M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nvidia fx go5200 32mb or 64mb agp || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Pro || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - PSU 15V 5A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L20 267 (PSL2YE PSL2XE) PSL25E L30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 370 1.4 1.5GHz, 1.73Ghz with RC410M SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati x200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-490297-start-0.html ALC861]}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Boots usb sticks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8139 Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros mini-pci should work maybe not working with ATi chipset or need to swap??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 14&quot; pioneer dvd-rw - 19v 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L30 PSL30E L33 PSL33E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 or ATi RC410 x200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 AD1981B or HD Audio ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;L30 PSL30L 101 PSL33E 113 115 134 00M019 - 
|-
| Satellite Pro M40 313 psm44e || AMD with Ati || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|}} || {{maybe|atheros askey ar5bmb5 mini pci}} || || 2005 32bit - nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L40 PSL40E PSL40L, PSL43E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with  U7700 1.3GHz ULV || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only -  - 12X 13G 139 14B 143 15J 19O  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L45 PSL40U S7409 S2416 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Celeron M 440 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia G72M Quadro NVS 110M GeForce Go 7300 / Ati (PSAA3E)|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC861 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A110 159 (PSAB0), Equium A110 (PSAB2E), Satellite A110 233 (PSAB6),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8136 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 PSAC0 PSAC1 PSAC1E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo GMA 950 to T2300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 or AC97 AD1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt;UHCI EHCI  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros Ar5001 or Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15V 4A charger - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo ATi RS480 + SB450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - ATI RC410 Radeon Xpress 200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OCHI UHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Atheros Ar5001 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15v 5a proprietary charger needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite A130 PSAD6U || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;ST1311 s1311 ST1312 S2276 S2386  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A135 S2686 (Compal LA 3391P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;S2246 S2346 S2256 S4477 S4666 S4827  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A200 PSAE1E (Inventec MW10M) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M with 945GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio ALC862}}|| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000 - FN,F5 or FN,F8 or switch}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Excellent 32 bit support! - Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz or Pentium® Core Duo T2130 1.86 GHz - make sure that your WLAN card is enabled, do this using the hardware switch and FN+F8 key combination 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; A210, Satellite A215 AMD (Inventec 10A) S5808 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati with SB690 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA HD2600 Mobility M76}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC268 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;A215-S7422 A215-S7472 A215-S4697 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62036 A215 S4757] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati X1200 with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra A10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel WiFi Link 5100}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L35 - L40 PSL48E - L45 S7423 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GL960 with Intel Celeron || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|X3100 some 2D but software 3d tunnel 9 gearbox 4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC660 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|REALTEK 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8187b replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1,73Ghz  M 520 or M 540 or Dual T2310 (1.46 GHz)  T2330 (1.6 GHz) - 14H 14N 15B 17H 17K 17R 17S 18Z - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a300 - inventec potomac 10s pt10s A300D 21H || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio - Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite L300D-224 PSLC8E PSLC9E, l305 (inventec ps10s) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD M780 with Turion RM70 or QL-64 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Radeon 3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC268}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros G XB63L or Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros Dekstop Live 2.3 AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Wireless-handler crashing when using Atheros-Wireless-Card
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l300-1bw PSLBDE-005005AR, L300-148 PSLB0E, l300-20D PSLB8E-06Q007EN, l300-294 L300-23L PSLB9E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel GM45 + PGA478 socket Celeron 900, Pentium T1600, T2390, T3400 (Socket P) to Core2 Duo T6400 T6670 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{unk|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{unk|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Intel gma 4500M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC???}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{unk|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{unk|rtl8169 Realtek 810xE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64-bit  - new unfamiliar Bios called insyde H20 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l350d || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon (tm) X2 QL-60 + RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8187b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L450 12 13 14 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron, 2.1GHz with AMD RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3200 (based on HD 2400) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8172 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;12X 13P 13X 14V PSLY6E00C006EN 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L450 (Compal LA-5821P) 179 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel celeron 900 2.20 Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 4500m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101 /2 /6E PCI Express Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RTL8191 SEvB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;39.6cm (15.6”) Toshiba TruBrite® HD TFT High Brightness display with 16:9 aspect ratio internal resolution 1366 x 768 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L755D (E-350) L750D (E-450) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6310 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro SP C640 C660D-15X (PSC1YE) C670D- () || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6310G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC259 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 zacate 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite C660D-19X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;r8169 rtl8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188 8192ce rtl8192ce  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;C70D-A C75D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HA Audio CX20751 11Z || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8162 alx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8188e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite Pro C40D-A C50D-A C55D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E1 2100 or faster A4 5000 kabini || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC269Q || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8162}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188EE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite S50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-5745M (4c4t), A8-5545M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8550M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 2.38kg and 24mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite C50DT-B-107 PSCN6E M50DT-A-210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 A6-5200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R3 R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 15.6 Inch Touchscreen 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L50D-C-13G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P 6th Gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sharp formerly 80% Toshiba Computers || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;dynabook formerly 20% Toshiba PC, Satellite Pro C40D C50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel i? or AMD Ryzen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in and 15.6in - ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Misc====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Time 500 Packard Bell EasyOne 1450 1550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-3 500Mhz + VIA MVP4 vt82c686a || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|Issues}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 3058 with wolfson  codec WM9703 WM9704 WM9707 WM9708 or WM9717}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 3038 2 ports USB 1.1 untested || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit grub runs but stalls around [PCI] Everything OK 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX201/FX202 FX210/FX215 FX401/FX402 FX404/FX405 972M, FX501/FX502 FX504/FX505, FX601/FX602, FX604/FX605 FXA53(US), FX701/FX702, FX704/FX705, FX801/FX802 FX804/FX805 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;[http://gaugusch.at/vaio/ FX] [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/FX210/ Sony Yahoo Group] VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|UHCI [rev 1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive from Plop Boot Loader floppy (no bios USB boot). Can freeze coz hardware issue or a ram slot problem - no support for iLink firewire VT8363/8365 pci - vt82c686b 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX100 R505LE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i815 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA Intel 82815 CGC || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel ICH AC97 with ADI AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PCG-FX105 FX105K PCG-FX108 FX108K PCG-FX109 FX109K FX200 FX203/FX203K FX205 FX205K FX209 FX209K FX220 [http://juljas.net/linux/vaiofx240/ FX240] FX250 FX270 FX290 FX301 FX302 FX340 FX370 FX390 FX403 FX503 FX950
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Sony [http://www.trustedreviews.com/laptops/review/2004/06/03/Sony-VAIO-VGN-X505VP-Ultra-Slim-Notebook/p1 VAIO VGN X505VP] || Pentium M ULV and Intel 855GM || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Intel 855 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{N/A}} || || 2004 32bit - 0.38 inches at its thinnest point - first laptop to feature a &quot;chiclet&quot; keyboard resemble Chiclets gum - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Z505LE Z505JE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Rage Mobility M1 AGP mach64 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;no Yamaha DS-XG PCI YMF744 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 8255x based PCI e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-18 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma for i915}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SigmaTel}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel swap for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' D02 test || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-29 CF-30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SigmaTel || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139C || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Microstar PR210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi RS690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio through speaker / head phones but not hdmi}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR242x AR542x aw-ge780 mini pci-e || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - ENE PCI based SD card with no bios boot option 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advent 7106 EAA-88 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.7GHz with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D tunnel 187 gearbox 67}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 Intel ICH6 with Conexant Cx20468 31 codec playback head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG Fn/F2 replaced with atheros mini pci in small base panel - startup errors in wireless manager}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; cheap rubbish sadly - fan noise through audio channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Motion Computing LE1600 PC Slate || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 SigmaTel STAC9758 9759  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 serial Wacom digitiser not usb
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-51 CF-P1 CF-T5 CF-Y2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio VGN UX1XN UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo U1500 1.33GHz with 945GM chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1.8 inch ZIF || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945GMS || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 8036 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit only - 4.5 inch screen ultra mobile PC 
|-
| Sony Vaio VGN SR29VN || Intel ICH9 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy}} || {{partial|ATI HD 3400 (VESA only)}} || {{partial|HD Audio (too quiet)}} || {{yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 8040}} || {{no|Intel 5100}} || Icaros 1.5 || 2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse XM Class DELL WYSE Xn0m LAPTOP || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD T-G56N 1.6 1.65Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;decased 2.5in ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only AMD 6320}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|EHCI 2.0 with NEC uPD720200 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek rtl8169 8111E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 93xx}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 14&quot; - 2 ddr3l slots max 16gb - 19v coax barrel plug psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D KPL-W00 Honor Magicbook 2018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 14inch 1080p - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Pura 14 AVITA-PURAR3, AVITA-PURAR5 Hong Kong tech giant Nexstgo || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 3200U, R5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 (R3) 7 (R5) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 1,920 x 1,080 14in IPS but dim 194cd/m² and 59.4% of the sRGB colour gamut - 1 ddr4l sodimm slot - keyboard issues keyboard repair swap requires removal of all - components - flexible plastic build - 3 hr battery internal - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Liber V 3200U Ryzen 5 3500U, Avita Admiror 14 R7 3700U (UK only) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - better build but same 3 hr battery - 14&quot; 1080p screen IPS 80% sRGB gamut - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D 15 14 AMD KPR-WX9 Honor Magicbook WAQ9AHNR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U 4700U 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel or Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 2020 budget model - f6.5 recessed webcam - internal 42W later 56W battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xiaomi Redmibook 16 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 4700U with FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD 3 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon RX Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE wifi || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit metal 16.1 IPS 99% srgb 240 nits - 46whr battery - no webcam - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Netbook=== 

[[#top|...to the top]]

* One of the better options if re-partitioning of the hard disk is not suitable or wanted is to go with AROS hosted i.e. run a small linux distro and host AROS on top. AROS can exist on a Windows(TM) install as well. See here for more information [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=779.0 Linux hosted] and [ Windows hosted] with downloads here [http://aros.sourceforge.net/download.php AROS download page] 
* installation needs an USB optical drive or an USB pen drive (see below) 
*  PC with CD or DVD to install to a USB pendrive for boot purposes on a netbook 
* SD card sometimes can [ boot] like Dell 2100,  EeePC 1001P, ASUS EeePC 900, acer aspire one d150, MSI Wind U100, 

[http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/Audio-Codec-Comparison-Table/520 Audio Codecs] 


====Acer Packard Bell Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Aspire One AOA110 (A110) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D and 3D) tunnel 99 and gearbox 84 score}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel A13-045N2A 19V2.37A 45W 5.5x1.7mm - 
|-
| Aspire One AOA150 (A150) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D with tunnel 99 and gearbox 84.1 result}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD150 D150 (Compal LA-4781P), AOD110 D110 (ssd) || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HDAudio with alc272}}] || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 l1e}} || {{Maybe|AR5007EG AR5BXB63 works but Broadcom BCM4312 has no support}} || Icaros Desktop 1.3 || 2008 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD250 D250 emachines em250 || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|alc272 HD Audio}}  || {{Yes}} || {{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|BCM4312 or Atheros AR5B95}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2009 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire AO532H (Compal LA-5651p) 533H Pineview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k}} || [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=5968 Tested AspireOS June 2011] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM350 NAV51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with N450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with   codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Single core 64bit - 160GB HDD 1GB RAM 10.1&quot; LED backlit screen and  Webcam - 3 cell li-ion battery for 3 hours usage - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM355 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit support possible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One 533 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D 0x8086 0xa011}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ALC272 codec ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v1.1 1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 and AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - f2 setup - 10.1inch 1024 x 768 - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD255 AOD255e AOD260 AOHAPPY (Compal LA-6221P) || N570 and Nm10 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|SATA}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 3150}} || Audio || USB || {{No|Atheros AR8152 V1.1 (1lc)}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || || a little support 
|-
| Aspire One 522 AO522 (Compal LA-7072p) || 1GHz dual C50 or C60 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (ATI 9804) or 6290 || ATI SB CX20584 HD Audio || USB || Atheros 8152 v2.0 l1c || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros ath9k}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AAOD270 Aspire One D270 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 Cedarview || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D on Intel GMA 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169 RTL8101E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 but swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit atom - ddr2 so-dimm 2gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO532G (Compal LA-6091p) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One D257 (Quanta ZE6) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire One 722 AO722 P1VE6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C60 with SB900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| use VESA Ati 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec but no Wrestler HDMI output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO721 (Wistron SJV10-NL) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AO751 AO751H (Quanta ZA3) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC272X || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Atheros l1e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .SE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC|| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S2 NAV50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel X3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot M/A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.2GHz Athlon L110 + RS690E || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy mode? || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD ATI Radeon Xpress X1270 (VESA only) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ATI SBx00 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 700 701 2G 4G 8G Surf || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 2D and 3D tunnel 68 gearbox 43 on 701 800x480}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Yes| }} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] || NB 2013 and 2.1.1 (best) and 2.1.2 || Power supplies fail due to bad caps issue 9.5V 2.5A - 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 701SD || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{No|RTL8187SE swap with Atheros 5k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll.  
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 900 || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D, 3D in some models)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio]}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Maybe|depends on chipset}} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] but not RaLink || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll. 900's may need BIOS upgrade to boot usb optical drives. 3D available in some and not all model revisions 
|-
| eeePC 900A || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (3D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Atheros L1e [1969 1026]}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR242x}} || Nightly Build 2012 05-25 ||
|-
| eeePC 901 1000 || 945GM || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros L1E (AR8121 AR8113 AR8114)}} || {{No|RaLink Device 2860 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Icaros 1.4 ||
|-
| eeePC Seashell 1000HA 1000HE 1008 1005HA || N280 + Intel GMA950 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{Maybe|Realtek but not Atheros AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Aspire OS 1.6 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eeePC 1001ha || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Attansic Atheros AR8132 l1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT3090 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| eeePC 1001P T101MT 1005PX 1005PE 1015PE Pineview || NM10 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || {{No|Atheros AR8132 (l1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR928x 802.11n}} || Icaros 1.3.3 ||
|-
| EeePC 1015B 1215B || single C30 or dual C50 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{partial|AMD 6250 (VESA only)}} || ATI SBx00 HD Audio || USB || {{No|AR8152 v2.0 atl1c}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 [14e4 4727]}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare X101CH Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 6300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare 1025CE 1225CE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2800 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Inspiron 910 Mini 9 PP39S || GMA945 || {{Maybe|STEC P1850 revC 0X422G 16GB IDE PATA 1.8in ZIF SSD very slow}} || {{N/A| }} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D opengl1}} || {{yes|ALC268 HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2 boots and works}} || {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8102E}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4310 and 4312 swap with atheros 5k bx32}} || tested with ICAROS 1.3 but Icaros 2.3, AROS One 2.6 and Tiny AROS do not fully boot up pci issues || 2009 32bit - 9inch 1024x600 screen - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 1gig 2rx16 - 19v 1.58a - 0 boot select - cr2032 battery under laptop base cover, while mem 2GB max under base flap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 10 1010 PP19S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z520 Z530 Intel US15W Poulsbo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel GMA 500 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or BCM4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 10.10 inch 16:9, 1366 x 768 glossy - 28whr or 56wHr battery options - 
|-
| [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks#Dell%20Mini%2010v%20(Inspiron%201011) Mini 10v 1011] [http://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/InspironMini10v ] || Intel 950 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ide legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}}  || HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8102E 8103E}} || {{no|Dell 1397 Wireless}} || || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 1018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio head phones only - speaker and micro phone do not work}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8188CE or AR928X}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 
|-
| Latitude 2100 || Intel Atom N270 N280 1.60Ghz GMA 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|set to IDE in bios as ahci not working || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D with tunnel 98 and gearbox 84)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC272 codec}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5764M}} || {{No|Intel 5100 or BCM4322 DW 1510 half height mini pcie use small Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS 1.8, Icaros 2.1.1 and AROS One USB 2.4 || 2009 32bit ddr2 sodimm max 2G - [https://sites.google.com/site/arosaspireone/about-aspire-one Webcam and card reader not working] lcd cable over hinge an issue - f12 bios and boot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 2110 2120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N470 1.83Ghz, N455 1.6Ghz, N550 1.5Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|ATA mode in bios not ahci}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 3150 2D only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit ddr2 sodimm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| HP Mini 2133 || VIA C7-M P4M900 / 8237 VX700 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|VIA Chrome 9 HC (VESA only)}} || VT1708/A HD Audio || USB || {{no|Broadcom Corp NetXtreme BCM5788}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312}} || ||
|-
| HP mini 1000 Mi 2140 ks145ut || N270 + 945GM || {{N/A}} || SATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and opengl1 3d)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio (playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || 2011 32Bit - unable to change wifi card 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Mini 700 702 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT 92HD75B (111d:7608, only playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom hard locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Compaq HP Mini 110 110-3112sa || 945GM Express || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio IDT STAC 92xx}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Atheros}} || {{no|Broadcom hard blocked Fn+F12}} || || 2011 32bit - unable to change wifi 
|-
| HP Mini 200 210 || 945GM NM10 Express || {{N/A}} || SATA || Intel GMA 950 || HD Audio || USB || RTL8101E RTL8102E || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard locked}} || ||
|-
| HP Mini 311 DM1 (Quanta FP7) || N280 + ION LE || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia Geforce ION || HD Audio || USB || eth || {{No|hard locked}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Lenovo Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| IdeaPad S9 S9e(3G) S10 S10e(3G) || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 or SigmaTel HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Broadcom NetLink BCM5906M}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || little support 
|-
| IdeaPad S12 ||  N270 + Nvidia ION LE MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || ALC269 HD Audio || USB || Broadcom || Intel hard blocked || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| S10-2 || 945GME and N280 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| S10-3 || NM410 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{no|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Atheros 9285 or Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad 100S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z36xxx Z37xxx Series SoC || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel SST Audio Device (WDM) || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BS hard blocked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Samsung Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=616910&amp;topic_id=33755&amp;forum=28#616910 NC10] || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|SigmaTel HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{maybe|rtl8169 works but not Marvell 88E8040 sky2}} || {{yes|AR5007EG}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2009 32bit - Nano silver on keyboard and lcd ribbon cable over hinge issues 
|-
| [http://www.sammywiki.com/wiki/Samsung_NC20 NC20] || VIA VX800 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{maybe|VIA Chrome9 (VESA only)}} || ALC272 GR (VT1708A) HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{yes|Atheros AR5001}} || || 2009 32bit - little support 
|-
| N110 N120 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC272 HD Audio or ALC6628}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Realtek rtl8187}} || || 2009 32bit - some support - Namuga 1.3M Webcam none
|-
| N130 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{yes|SATA in IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and opengl 1.x 99.5 tunnel 99 gearbox}} || {{yes|Intel HD with ALC272 ALC269 codec playback}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL 8169.device - 8101e 8102e}} || {{no|rtl 8192se rtl8187 too small an area to swap for atheros 5k}} || || 2009 32bit - 10.x inch 1024 x 600 - Namuga 1.3M Webcam - front slide power on and f2 setup bios - keyboard 17.7mm Pitch is made with Silver Nano (Anti-Bacterial) tech - small touchpad - 1 ddr2 2rx16 sodimm slot 2G max - 44Wh
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Go NP-N310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit - N280 version changed specs 
|-
| N510 || N270 euro N280 uk + ION MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || HD Audio || USB || Marvell 88E8040 || Realtek 8192E || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Axx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC269 codec A9M22Q2 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| NF210 Pineview || n455 or n550 + N10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA 3150 (needs retesting, VESA works)}} || {{yes|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || Wireless || || 2011 64bit - some support 
|-
| NP N145 Plus || n450 + NM10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || {{yes|Realtek HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || || 2010 some support but often the trackpad does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NS310 NP-NS310-A03UK || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N570 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use Vesa 2d }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 810xe }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|bcm4313 }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom N570 or 1.5 GHz Intel Atom N550 dual core processor, 1 DDR3 sodimm slot memory, a 250GB hard drive, and a 10.1 inch, 1024 x 600 pixel 10.1&quot; W7St - 2300mAh short life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Samsung_N150 N150] NB30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MN10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 or Realtek 8192E}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.kruedewagen.de/wiki/index.php/Samsung_N220 N210 N220] N230 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Pxx Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000g}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NB100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini NB200 series NB205 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + GSE945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 300 series NB305 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 500 series NB505 NB520 NB550-10v || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8176 RTL 8188CE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| [http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Toshiba-NB550D-AMD-Fusion-Netbook.46551.0.html Mini NB550D 10G] 108 (c30) 109 (c50) || C50 + M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (VESA only) || HD Audio || USB || Realtek 8111e rtl8169 || Atheros 9k || || 2011 64bit Realtek SD card reader 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Cammy's A1600 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes}} || {{no|JMC 250/260}} || Wireless || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Mini Ui 3520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;good 
|-
| Guillemot Hercules eCafe EC-900 H60G-IA], Mitac MiStation and Pioneer Computers Dreambook Light U11 IL1 || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RAlink RT2860}} || || Slowly gaining support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E2 24 48 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;IDE legacy mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pineview Intel (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros l1c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| MSI Wind U90/U100 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio ALC888s (playback only?)}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RaLink RT2860 RT2700E or rtl8187se (u100x)}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Advent 4211 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || Intel GMA950 (2D) || ALC HD Audio || USB || rtl8169 || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || || MSI U100 clone
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;MSI U100 clone 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Vaio VGN-P11Z
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Partial|Intel (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{no|Atheros AR928X}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 2.0.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Rarely boots!
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony VPC-W11S1E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 with 945GSE
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8132}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with 5k}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 10.1&quot; 1366 x 768 glossy - 3hr battery life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Archos 10 Netbook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom with ICH7 NM10 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{No }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Wind U135 DX MS-N014 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only accelerated}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ALC662 rev 1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR 9K}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;needs noacpi notls added to grub boot line to start up 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

===Desktop Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Most Intel Atom and equivalent AMD Fusion CPUs / APUs are faster than Intel P3s but still some way short of P4 or Dual Core performance. 


====Acer====
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.acer.com/ac/en/ID/content/support-product/486;-; Veriton X270 VTX270] Intel Core 2 Duo ED7400C or Pentium dual-core UD7600C with 630i 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d Nvidia 7100 VGA and HDMI connections}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|  with realtek codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 rear and 5 front}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit capable but would not fully boot, DHCP address timeout too short and failed often. Put in a third party NIC, worked - 1 PCI Express x16 slot and a free PCI x1 slot - internal thin long psu with 12pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Imedia S1710 with Intel Dual Core E5200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{Yes|SATA/AHCI}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|Native IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia nForce 7100}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|NVIDIA MCP73 Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 14-09-2023, AROS One 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 2009 64-bit - Boot over USB not working on front - 2 DDR2 dual channel max 8GB - DEL for entering Bios - F12 for boot menu - Bus weird, could be reason for Ethernet issue 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo AR1600, R1600 AR3600, R3600 Packard Bell iMax Mini, ACER Veriton N260G N270G slim nettop subcompact 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9300M - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with alc662 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB boot usb2 stick issues and slower with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit  Intel Atom 230 N280 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - very often boot stuck around ehciInit - DEL setup F12 boot options - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v special barrel size 5.5mm/1.7mm psu - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - atheros 5k AR5BXB63 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo AR3610 R3610 3610 Atom 330 nettop subcompact dual core 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9400M LE MCP79MX - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek alc662 rev1 alc662-hd later ALC885 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB with 1% chance boot with usb2 sticks, more issues with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8211CL MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.5, 1.6 and 2.4 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - boot often stuck around ehciInit, SATA, etc try ATA=off, non usb hub  keyboard,  - DEL bios setup, F12 BBS POPUP/drive boot - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v barrel psu with smaller inner pin size 5.5mm/1.7mm - replace wifi RT3090 ver c (linux) with atheros 5k - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;REVO AR3700 R3700 3700 Atom D525 dual core - ACER Veriton N282G 
*one long beep followed by two short, bios damaged 
*looping one long two short, a video card fault 
*two short beeps... CMOS damaged 
*got one long and one short beep... board error?
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE ready in Bios}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia ION2 GT218 ION vga fine '''but''' hdmi fussy over display used - nouveau 2d &amp; 3d gearbox 404 tunnel 292 teapot 48}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDA Intel with Realtek ALC662 rev1 codec, head phones only but nothing from NVidia HDMI}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® NM10 Express (NM10 is basically an ICH7 with a die shrink and IDE removed) USB boots usb, installs usb, accesses ok}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111g}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one USB 1.5 and 1.6 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - early 2 ddr2 sodimm slots but later 2 ddr3 sodimm slots 1Rx8 max 4GB - 19v barrel psu thinner pin - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - ACPI Suspend Mode = S1, S3 (STR), S4 - Power on PCIe 
* Known Acer issue, Boot into bios, set bios to UEFI and reboot, set bios back to defaults and reboot, blank display, repair with reflash of 8 pin Winbond W25Q socketed bios chip with ch341a using 2011/09/19 P01.B0L, 2011/05/09 P01.A4, 2011/05/03 P01.A3L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2 amiboot.rom - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo 70 (RL70) with or without dvdrw 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6320 or 6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio ALC662-VCO-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2, 1.1 Hudson D1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD E450 1.65GHz - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 
|-
|}

====Asus====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EEEbox B202
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel Azalia HDaudio with Realtek ALC662 or ALC888-GR CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 or JM250 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;internal 3 types of wifi chipset not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Precision 340
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1 (UHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|3Com}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 2400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 82845GL Brookdale G/GE (VESA 640x480 by 16)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk|AC97 with ADI codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 440x 4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?p=832495 Icaros 1.4]
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Graphics chipset is capable of higher resolution.
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 4600
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 (use rear black port)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 170L
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX260
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX270
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX280
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{maybe|Intel GMA (only VESA tested)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Broadcom}}
| Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX520
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|Intel GMA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 745
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|HD Audio (no volume control)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{partial|Only keyboard mouse (legacy mode)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 755
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Around 25 second delay in booting from USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 990
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|non-RAID mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel HD (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|ordinary boot gives VGA mode only - VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio (Analog Devices ID 194a)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire Xenon 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Vx0 (V90 V30), Vx0L (V10L V90L), Vx0LE (V30LE V90LE) from VIA C7 800GHz to Eden 1.2GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for S3 UniChrome Pro}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 VIA VT8233A with ?? codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 back and 1 front USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|early models work but later VT6102-3 do not}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2  
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 to 2009 32bit - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm DDR 333MHz SO-DIMM later DDR2 - early V90s do seem to have a reliability problem - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.poppedinmyhead.com/2021/01/wyse-cx0-thin-client-notes-experiences.html Dell Wyse Cx0] C00LE, C10LE, C30LE, C50LE, C90LE, C90LE7, C90LEW VIA C7 Eden 1GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d VX855 VX875 Chrome 9}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|some VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with ?? codec work}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 outside 2 inside USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 to 2013 32bit - [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=815.0 boots and works] - 12V 2.5A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm ddr2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell RxxL Rx0L thin client 
*R00L	Cloud PC of Wyse WSM 
*R10L	Wyse Thin OS 
*R50L	Suse Linux Enterprise 
*R90L	Win XP Embedded 
*R90LW  Win Embedded Standard 2009 
*R90L7  Win Embedded Standard 7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128Mb IDE or 1GB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA Hyperdisk}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 690E RS690M Radeon Xpress 1200 1250 1270
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Sempron™ 210U SMG210UOAX3DVE 1.5GHz SB600, up to 4GB single slot 240-pin DDR2 DIMM, 19v barrel psu, DEL key bios - Late 2012 2 data sockets added but only CN18 be used with two white sockets (CN13 &amp; CN15) can used to power the SATA device &quot;4-pin Micro JST 1.25mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 390 sff small form factor - mt mini tower desktop - dt full desktop
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit dual i3 2xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - add nvidia gf218 gfx - error code 3 mobo or cpu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 3010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 57XX}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 7010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Intel 825xx}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx Q77 - kettle iec plug psu cable - add pci-e ethernet and nvidia gf218 gfx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5010 thin client ThinOS D class (D10D D00D D00DX, Dx0D), PCoIP (D10DP) or D90D7, 5040 
*username: Administrator, admin, [blank] 
*password: Fireport, DellCCCvdi, rappot, Wyse#123, Administrator, administrator, r@p8p0r+
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode may need 30cm ext cable as small area for half-slim sata ssd - decased new ssd??}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d 1400x1050 HD6250E IGP by using DVI to hdmi cable and 1 display port, no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD 6.34 audio chipset detected but codec alc269 working from one case speaker -  none if v6.29 used}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|most 5010 have 4 USB 2.0 but D90Q7 has 2 USB3 instead}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8168 8169 - rev 1.?? 8111? - rev 1.91 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow AMD G-T44R 1.2Ghz later G-T48E 1.4Ghz Dual Bobcat Brazos BGA413 - Del for BIOS - p key to select boot with noacpi - single DDR3 sodimm slot max 4Gb, (8Gb hynix 2rx8 ddr3l)? (remove small board to upgrade) - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; small 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - PA16 19v barrel psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 7010 thin client (Z class Zx0D) black case 
*2011 Zx0 Z90D7 2GF/2GR
*2013 Z10D 
*2014 Z50D 2GF/2GR 
*2012 Cisco VXC 6000 CVXC-6215-K9 white 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Bios set Sata mode to IDE mode and grub boot add 'noacpi' for half slim sata2 ssd or/with 50cm sata ext cable}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d HD6310 6320 Terascale 2 through DVI and DP 1.1a - no 3d support r600 and no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio 6.34 detected but ALC269VB codec works on one case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0 works but NEC 720200 3.0 not detected but sometimes works like 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111e 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 and Aros One 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow cores AMD G-t52R 1.5GHz later G-T56N 1.65 GHz Dual with A50M FCH - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - 2 desktop DIMM slots max 16GB - miniPCIe CN14 no msata ssd support in bios - PA-16 19v external psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - 2 40cm SMA female WiFi Antenna to IPEX IPX u.fl Ufl Cable pigtail needed - does not like uefi boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 7020 Thin Client 
* 2013 Quad-core AMD GX-420CA 2.0 GHz (25W) - 
* 2018 Zx0Q Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz (15W) with Quad display 3dp and 1dvi 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only for AMD Radeon HD8400E radeonsi (dual display) or AMD Radeon HD 8330E IGP with AMD Radeon E6240 Seymour E6460 (quad display), no hdmi ports}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit quad eKabini Jaguar cores - two SODIMM sockets layered in centre of mobo DDR3L RAM - Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm ac psu 9mm plug is too short but 14mm length is fine - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Dx0Q (5020) D90Q8 NJXG4 AMD G-Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 8330E GCN 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; with Realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz - 2 layered near edge of mobo 204-pin DDR3L SODIMM (bottom one tricky to insert) - 19v Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5060 N07D thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE bios mode for sata2 port}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d - AMD R5E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands thru dp1 with an hdmi adapter no output thru dp2 - no hdmi dvi ports}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC231 codec head phones only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111h}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit quad GX-424CC 19.5v external psu - CN-0Y62H1 mobo with 2 layered ddr3l 16Gb max sodimm slots at edge of mobo, bottom 0 one blocking - passive no fan so quiet - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 3040 (N10D) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 4c4t Intel Cherry Trail x5 Z-8350 (1.44 GHz Quad) - two versions, one is 5V-3A, the other is 12V-2A - 2 GB DDR3L 1600 MHz, 8 GB or 16 GB eMMC flash chip, all soldered down - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Fujitsu Siemens====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Scenic [http://uk.ts.fujitsu.com/rl/servicesupport/techsupport/ProfessionalPC/Scenic/ScenicE/ScenicE.htm E600] (compact desktop)
| 
| 
| {{partial|VESA only}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| 
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| {{dunno}}
| Nice small, silent PC with good AROS support.
|-
| Scenic T i845
| {{dunno}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{dunno|Intel AC97}}
| {{dunno|UHCI}}
| {{dunno|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| AROS does not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S200 S210 S220 and later S300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| compactflash CF card max ??}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 315PRO PCI/AGP }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 via }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|via uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|via VT6102 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - TR5670 Rev 1.4 mother with Transmeta TM5800 cpu - pci socket - single SODIMM socket for DDR memory PC2700S max 512MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| but swap with compactflash CF card already with AROS installed}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS741CX }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 SiS7018}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|sis uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz gets hot - SiS 963L / SiS 741CX chipset - 12V 4.2A 4-pin (DP-003-R) psu - single SODIMM socket for DDR PC2700S max 1G - large case 246 x 48 x 177cms torx screws - pci socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;FUJITSU Futro S700 and S900 Thin Client (based on mini-ITX motherboard D3003-A12, D3003-C1 lesser variant of [https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/Futro/s900/TechNotes_V3.1_Mini-ITX_D3003-S.pdf D3003-S]) 
*G-T56N 1.65GHz
*G-T40N 1.00GHz
*G-T44R 1.20GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata data socket but mSata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6320, HD 6250, HD 6290 dvi or displayport (DP runs higher) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|two USB2 front sockets and four on the rear}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit AMD slow atom-like and fanless - 20V 2A psu 5.5mm/2.1mm coax (S900) - mSATA 1GB-16GB - 2 DDR3L SODIMM sockets max 8GB tricky to run 1333 MHz on the Futro S900 - proprietary X2 PCI-e - 1 PCI socket but need a right-angle adaptor - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo p420 e85 desktop case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or old Geforce in pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16 pin special psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo E420 e85+ SFF case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or low profile pci-e card 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16ish pin special psu - hd under front metal bracket, take front cover off first with 3 tabs - 3 slim pci-e slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S520 AMD dual 1.0Ghz codenamed &quot;Steppe Eagle&quot;
* GX-210HA @ 1.0GHz
* GX-212ZC @ 1.2GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4G or 16G flash memory is soldered to the board
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 8210E (GX210HA) or AMD Radeon R1E (GX212ZC)
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 smaller than ITX 160mm x 160mm Fujitsu D3314-A11 - 19V - 20V 2A. I used a 19V 3.4A PSU standard 5.5mm/2.1mm coax plug - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Futro S720 ThinClient D3313-B13 D3313-F
*2014 64bit AMD GX-217GA 1.65GHz VFY:S0720P8009FR VFY:S0720P8008DE VFY:S0720P4009GB
*2015 64bit AMD GX-222GC 2.20GHz VFY:S0720P702BDE VFY:S0720P702BFR 
 all begin VFY:S0720P and end two digit country code
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Yes|up to 2 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata was running very well on AHCI and IDE-Mode and 2242 mSata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for AMD Radeon HD 8280E GCN2 IGP later R5E GCN3 IGP}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working, external audio speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0 but not front 2 USB 3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit slow atom like cores so fanless - 1 ddr3 Sodimm slot max 8Gb - 19V-20V 2A 5.5mm/2.5mm coax - D3313-B13 stripped down Mini-ITX mobo D3313-S1/-S2/-S3 (eKabini) D3313-S4/-S5/-S6 - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S920 D3313-E	D3313-G
*2016 AMD GX-222GC SOC 2.20GHz Dual 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-424CC 2.40 GHz Quad
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|2242 mSata and 1 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata possible}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|use VESA for Radeon R5E GCN2 or GCN3 IGP}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0, front 2 USB 3.1 downgradable to 2.0 in BIOS setting}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AROS One USB 2.4
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 so dimm slot with max of 8 GB - 19v barrel psu 5.5mm 2.5mm - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - propetary X2 connector with official raizer to X1 connector - almost silent background noise, not affecting sound quality in any way
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S9011 Thin Client VFY:S9011THU1EIN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario 7360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Working}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 via}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq EP Series 6400/10
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|ISA}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Evo D510
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX2000 MT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel Extreme 2 (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|detects AC97 but no support for ADI AD1888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|OHCI/EHCI }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82526EZ e1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.51
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boots ok but no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX 2200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|OHCI/EHCI issues }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; d230
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (speaker and headphones only, no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion a220n || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|VESA 1024x768 on nVidia GF4 MX with 64MB shared video ram}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC650 AC'97 comp.}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8201BL 10/100 LAN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.5|| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit athlon xp 2600+ Socket 462 / Socket A - 2 dimm ddr pc2700 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t500 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|FX5200 (2D; 3D with older driver)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 ICH4 ALC658D}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8101L 8139}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2012-09-22
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DC7700
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ICH8}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|82566DM e1000e}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2013-??-??
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Some support at low cost 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP dc 7600 CMT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ACL 260}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO/1000 GT}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series t5500 t5510 t5515 PC538A or PC542A t5700 t5710 Transmeta Crusoe Code Morphing TM 5400 5600 800Mhz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128mb to 512MB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7000M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|Issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA Rhine 2
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - ddr max 1GB - F10 setup - all t51xx and some t55xx units will not include a SODIMM slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series CN700 
*HSTNC-002L-TC	t5135, t5530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d 128Mb Via S3 1600 x 1200 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit t5135 appears identical to the t5530 except the CPU VIA Esther 400 MHz - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 3.33A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5720, t5725 HSTNC-001L-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d SiS741GX 2048 x 1536 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SiS SiS7012 AC'97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 8d)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz socketed - RAM 512MB or 1GB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB - 12V psu - sis DDMA support - custom 1.13 BIOS - pci low profile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series VX800 HSTNC-004-TC t5145, t5540, t5545, t5630 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio VIA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit (rev 82)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit   - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 4.16A Coax: 5.5mm/2.1mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5730w HSTNC-003-TC t5730 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a|ATA 44pin DOM Flash}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d ATI Radeon X1250 2048 x 1536 no 3D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|6 x USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5707M tg3 10/100/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit AMD Sempron 2100+ 1GHz - 1 slot of ddr2 sodimm (Max 2GB) - 12V 4.16A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - F10  enter bios F12 boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HSTNC-005-TC gt7720, gt7725 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d AMD RS780G HD 3200 - 2560 x 1600 DVI-D &amp; DVI-H
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Turion Dual Core CPU 2.3GHz - 1 DDR2 200-pin SODIMM - 19V 4.16A Coax 7.4mm/5.0mm (gt7725) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5740 Thin Client HSTNC-006-TC t5740, t5745, st5742 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Intel CL40 VGA and DisplayPort connectors}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with IDT codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly build and Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit Atom N280 - F10 on power up to get into the BIOS screens. F12 brings up the boot options - hp 19V one with a coax connector, outer diameter 4.8mm with inner to be 1.7mm to 1.4mm - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 3gb due to 32bit - 1 pci-e slot completely non standard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series HSTNC-012-TC VIA Nano u3500 VX900 
*t5550 512MB/1GB Windows CE6 R3
*t5565 1GB/1GB HP ThinPro
*t5570 2GB/1GB WES 2009 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 GPU Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 9170 VT1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit - 1 sodimm - 19V 3.42A supply connector standard yellow-tip coax plug 4.8mm/1.8mm &quot;Standard HP Compaq DC Power Plug 4.8mm x 1.5mm / 1.7mm Yellow Tip Connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t510 Via Eden X2 U4200 HSTNC-012-TC shares features with t5570e, t5565z 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2G ATA Flash DOM
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;one 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for Chrome9 VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 gfx}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|6 USB2 }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit - one slot ddr3 sodimm max 4GB - 19V 3.42A Coax 4.8mm/1.8mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T610 Thin Client and thicker PLUS version 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 6320 1 dp port 1 dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;two USB2 on the front, two USB2 and two USB 3 ports on the rear 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit AMD G-T56N A55E - 2 204-pin DDR3 1600MHz SODIMMs PC3-12800 under motherboard via removable panel - 19.5V 3A Coax male 7.4mm/5.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T420 Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8180 dvi vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 front 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD Embedded G-Series GX-209JA SOC (1 GHz, 2 cores) 1GHz - soldered in place 2GB DDR3 - smaller than usual 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - usb stick internal for storage - E15 BBR - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t520 TPC-W016 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 mounting holes for 2242 and 2260 SSDs SATA (not NVME) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 2017 64 bit AMD GX-212JC 1.2Ghz (2 core) - 1 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM - 19.5V 3.33A 7.4mm Coax with central pin 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t620 TPC-I004-TC and t620 PLUS (PRO wider version) TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;single M.2 2242 socket sata only most models, mSATA socket removed end of 2014, 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8280E graphics 8330E Sea Islands GCN2 IGP - 2 dp ports no dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 front, 2 back, 2 inside 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD G-Series GX-217GA 2 core APU 1.65GHz, AMD GX-415GA - 2 DDR3L SODIMMs side by side - mSATA ssd and M.2 SSD are M1.6 screws, M2.0 screws used on most SSDs - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 sata ssd up to 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;1 USB3.1, 1 usb-c front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD GX-215JJ (2 core) 1.5GHz - 1 204-pin DDR4 SODIMM - smaller 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T730 Wider &quot;Thin&quot; Client TPC-I018-TC Pixar - no display and fans blowing full speed caused by '''disabling internal gpu in bios''' flash L43_0116.bin onto smc MX25L6473F (3.3V 8-PIN SOP (200mil) SPI 25xx) ([https://www.badcaps.net/forum/troubleshooting-hardware-devices-and-electronics-theory/troubleshooting-desktop-motherboards-graphics-cards-and-pc-peripherals/bios-schematic-requests/96303-hp-t730-password-locked-bios in the rom rcvry socket under a delicate thin narrow surface flap]) with ch341a alike switchable from 5v, 3.3v to 1.8v 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|Set bios to IDE and not AHCI - add noacpi to end of grub line - 1 M.2 SATA slot (Key B+M) up to 2280 with T8 torx secure stub}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon R7 GCN 2 UVD4.2 Sea Islands with 4 dp outs '''but too easy bricking''' if swapping with 1 PCIe 3.0 x8 slot 30W slim factor low profile 8400gs gt210 nvs295 nvs310 gt1030}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDaudio 6.34 realtek alc221 codec thru case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|'''Works''' for 4 USB2 in the back with 2 in the front but '''not''' for 2 USB3 ports on front and 1 more internal (not bootable)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG set up first in Prefs/Network}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2 USB with added noacpi grub boot 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit RX-427BB With 2 DDR3L notebook RAM sodimm stacked slots max 32GB - '''Larger''' 20cm/8&quot; high 3.5ltr case noisy fan TPM 1.2 - esc/F9 boot selector F10 enter bios - 2 serial and 1 parallel old ports - Key E Wireless - PCIe slot (x16 physical, x8 electrical - 19.5 4.36A 85w standard HP 7.4mm black-ring-tip power plug, red flashing power button, wrong psu or bad MotherBoard MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t630 Thin Client TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|2 Sata M.2, sata0 up to 2280 (1tb max), sata1 2242 (64gb max), both T8 torx secure stubs}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon AMD Wani R7E with 2 displayport 1.2 sockets - no dvi / hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 VOID for controller 0x1022 0x157a and not detected ALC255 codec x10ec x0255 aka ALC3234, pins 0x17 as LFE and 0x1b as int speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2 2 front and 2 rear but not 2 front USB3 and 1 inside}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111H}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 3rd Generation AMD Embedded G-Series SoC GX-420GI quad core 2Ghz - 2 DDR4 SODIMMs side by side speed 1866Mhz limit - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - can be easily bricked, might reflash bios with M40 SP149736 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - esc f1 f9 f10 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Elite 7200 7300 8200 8300 SFF with kettle IEC psu cable 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE ata legacy only in BIOS}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;i pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|8200 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel or Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit dual core - add pci-e rtl8169 ethernet card and pci-e gf210 nvidia low height - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Pro 6305 Small Form Factor SFF AMD A75 chipset (FCH 6 SATA 6 Gb/s, 4 USB 3.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 7000 iGPU series 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD ALC221 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 5761 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit AMD Quad A10-5800B with Radeon HD 7660D Graphics (3.8 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 100 W), AMD A8-5500B with Radeon HD 7560D Graphics (3.2 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD Dual A6-5400B with Radeon HD 7540D Graphics (3.6 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD A4-5300B with Radeon HD 7480D Graphics (3.4 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G1 - SFF
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA with Radeon R7 GCN1 or 8x70}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD audio with Realtek ALC221 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD A10-8850B, 3.9 GHz AMD Quad-Core A10 PRO-7850B,  
AMD A10-8750B, 3.6 GHz
AMD A10-7800B 3.57GHz, A10 PRO-6800B 
AMD A8-8650B, 3.2 GHz
AMD A8-7600B, 3.1 GHz
AMD A6-8550B, 3.7 GHz
AMD A6-8350B, 3.5 GHz, Dual A6 PRO – 7400B, 
AMD A4-7300B, 3.8 GHz - T15 security torx psu with 6pin PWR 200W connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G2, 705 G3 Mini PC USFF thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in and m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5762 GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AM4 socket with 35W TDP A10-8770E (4c), AMD PRO A6-8570E (2c), AMD Pro A6-9500E, or AMD PRO A10-9700E on AMD B300 FCH - ddr4 sodimm slots - 77 x 175 x 34mm (6.97 x 6.89 x 1.34in) 1L and about 3lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G4 Mini 1ltr USFF AMD Ryzen 3 2200G (4c t) or 5 2400G (4c t)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and 2.5in sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru DP1.2 port 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant  codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit Am4 socket - 2 sodimm 16GB max - 19.5v hp socket ext psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G4 35w, Elitedesk 705 G4 65w, HP Prodesk 405 G4 35W USFF - AMD Athlon PRO 200GE (2c 4t), 2200GE (4c t) or 2400GE (4c t) on AMD B350 FCH, Elitedesk 705 G5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and older models 2.5in sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3, 8 or 11 with 2 dp1.2 ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Conexant CX20632 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111EPH 1Gbe or Realtek RTL8111F 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - realtek wifi 8821 or 8822 - up to 1 ddr4 dimm slots - 12v up to 180w ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitedesk 806 G6, Prodesk 405 G6 3400GE Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Ryzen 3 PRO 3200GE 3150GE (4c 4t), AMD Athlon Silver PRO 3125GE (2c 4t) on AMD PRO 565 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x NVMe or 1x SATA + 1x NVMe, but not all three drives at the same time without serious modding of hd caddie || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega with DP1.4 port || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t540 1ddr4 slot, t640 2 DDR4 SDRAM sodimm SO-DIMM 260-pin non-ECC max 32gb thin client USFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVM Express (NVMe) 2230 or 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 VGA, DisplayPort 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 gen1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek Realtek RTL8111HSH or RTL8111E PH-CG 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit ryzen r1000 series Ryzen Embedded R1305G 1.5 GHz, R1505G dual (2c 4t) 2.0Ghz or R1606G ?.?Ghz (2c4t) - Realtek RTL8852AE wifi - 45W psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t740 SFF Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2, one is sata and other nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 DisplayPort or + optional pci-e 30W Radeon E9173
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E PH-CG 1Gbe
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - Ryzen Embedded V1756B 3.25Ghz quad - 90W 19.5V 4.62A psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - sodimm DDR4 max 64Gb - slightly noisy fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 805 G6 Mini 4750GE (8t 16t), Prodesk 405 G6 Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (6c 12t) or Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (4c 8t) on AMD PRO 565
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in carrier and 2 slots m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 with DP1.4 and HDMI flex io2 output options 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb a - gen 2 10gig and gen 1 5gig ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit AMD Ryzen 4000 SBC unlocked - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - wifi6 - 90W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Lenovo====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Nettop IdeaCentre Q150 (40812HU) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 10/100
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D510 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M625q Tiny (1L)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Stoney Radeon R2, R3 or R4 and later R5 with 2 dp ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  ALC233-VB2-CG codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3 usb3.1 Gen 1 and 3 usb2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit all dual cores - e2-9000e or a4-9120e later A9-9420e - heatsink covers 70% area covers wifi - 65w or 135w lenovo rectangle ac - 1 ddr4 2666MHz slot max 8gb - tpm 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 1 AMD A6 A8 A10-9700E 9770E (2c2t) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 2 Ryzen 5 PRO 2400GE 4C 8T 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - f1 enter setup, esc device boot - fixed 1.8v ch341a needed to reflash 1.8v bios if no boot SOP8 DIP8 Winbond W25Q64, MXIC MX25U1635, MX25U6435 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCenter M75n nano Ryzen3 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre M75q M75q-1 Tiny 1ltr TMM AMD Ryzen 5 PRO Quad 3500 Pro 3400GE (4c 8t) 11a5 soe400, 3200GE (2c 4t) zen1+ 11a4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVMe 2280 1Tb max - untested 2.5inch}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB3 Gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 65w 20v 3.25A to 135W rectangle psu - 2 sodimm ddr4 sodimm max 32GB locked 2666MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre Ryzen 7 PRO Tiny 1ltr Gen 2 AMD 4000 series 4650GE (6c12t) 4750GE (8c16t) 4350G (4c8t) Zen2 - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVme}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit vendor locked - 20v psu - 2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcenter M75q-2 Gen2 refresh 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GigE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5650GE (6c12t) 5750GE (8c16t) - vendor/PSB can lock your AMD CPU - f12 boot devices
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Impart impact Media Group IQ Box mini Digital Signage with MB896 mini itx 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 915 gme 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; via audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 1 ddr2 slot - pentium m 1.73GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac_mini_cd_1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel MacMini1,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/186749 Sigmatel Stac 9221] [https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-wear-5.1.1_r0.6/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c codec][https://alsa-devel.alsa-project.narkive.com/Yt20W6cE/sigmatel-stac9221-mux-amp-out-0x02-microphone-not-working mic]}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit possible 1.83 GHz Intel “Core Duo” (T2400) - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - maybe hack with a 2,1 firmware - max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only with c key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac-mini-core-2-duo-1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel Mac Mini2,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 Sigmatel Stac 9221 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 2.0/ Icaros (latest beta)
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - hacked with a 2,1 firmware and replaced the cpu for T7600 2.33 Ghz C2D and max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only via c key 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 5,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 1.83GHz 17&quot; T5600 MA710LL || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 with 64Mb || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 17.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1440x900 - polycarbonate 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 6,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 2.16 2.33 24&quot; only T7400 T7600 aka MA456LL/A A1200 (EMC 2111) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300GT with 128 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM PCI Express or GeForce 7600GT with 256Mb mini dvi, vga || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 24.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1920 x 1200 - polycarbonate plastic case iMacs of this generation are the most difficult iMacs to service due to their front bezel design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona TC3200 (), TC3x41 (P3VB-VXL), TC3xx1 (6VLE-VXL0), TC43xx (Gigabyte C7V7VX) thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC'97 Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100B 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 2006 32bit VIA CPUs, 1 DIMM slot, internal psu, 
*TC3200, VIA Samuel 2 533Mhz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3541, VIA C3 Nehamiah 800MHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3641, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3841, VIA Samuel 2 800MHz, DIMM PC2100 
*TC3931, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC2100	
*TC4321, VIA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT402, Clientron U700, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Optiplex FX170 D05U thin client, 10Zig 56xx range 5602, 5616v, 5617v, 5672v, Clientron U800, Devon IT TC5, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|GMA 950 dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 ddr2 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport - ps2 keyboard socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT-616V or Chip PC Technologies EX-PC (model number XPD4741)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit N270 on NM10 with ICH7 - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 4a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix GS-A21S-RH (rev. 1.0) SFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|X3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC883-GR codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DC}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit Intel GME965 chipset with Intel ICH8M - 2 DDR2 Dimm slots - GA-6KIEH2-RH Rev.1.x mini ITX Case 213mm(D) x 64mm(W) x 234mm(H) - custom psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona MD+24 MD27 MD54 MD64 MD76 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA Chrome 9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit VIA X2 U4200 - 12v-19v barrel psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock ION 330 330Pro HT-BD, Foxconn NT-330i, Zotac ION F (IONITX mini itx), 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ION geforce 9400}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit slow atom cpu - 2.5L 8&quot; by 8&quot; plastic case - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - external 19v 65W 3.42A Plug 5.5mm X 2.5mm  - little whiny fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC261}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT V2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC251}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 65 W AC, DC 19V~3.42A, 19.3L x 14.8w x 2.2H cm (1l), weight 530g, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nouveau ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.jetwaycomputer.com/JBC600C99352W.html Jetway JBC600C99352W] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|C-Media CM108AH}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111DL 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D525 - DDR3 - 12v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn nT-A3550 A3500 AMD A45 Chipset DDR3 Nettop Barebones - White
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 back and 2 USB3 front 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD Dual-core E350 1.6GHz CPU - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus EeeBox PC EB1021 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-350 SFF or E-450 with A50M - 2 ddr3l so-dimm - 40W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xi3 Piston PC Athlon64 X2 3400e (X5A), AMD R-464L quad (X7A) Z3RO NUC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD mobility HD3650 to radeon HD 7660G 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 3 USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8161}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 - 2 sodimm 8GB max - 19v 3.3a round - Titan105 bios update - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-450 with A45M -  ddr3l so-dimm - 65W ac - Wireless is Realtek 8191SU WiFi (802.11n) or AzureWave (802.11bgn) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung Syncmaster Thin Client Display TC-W Series 24&quot; LF24 TOWHBFM/EN TC220W LED LF22TOW HBDN/EN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8gb SSD || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| VESA mode only Radeon HD 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Thin Client C-50 AMD® 1000 MHz and no wireless 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advantech TPC-2140 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56E 1.65Ghz up to SSE3, BGA413 soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab FIT-PC3 fitPC3 USFF PC AMD G-T56N || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON HD 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC888 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64 - 12v 3a - 2x sodimm DDR3 max 4GB - wifi rtl8188ce 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig 6872 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56N up to SSE3 BGA413 (FT1) soldered - DDR3l single channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7800q thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit AMD GX-424CC (Quad Core) 2.4GHz BGA769 (FT3b) SSE4 and AVX - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*Itona VXL MZE12 AMD a4-5000 thin client 
*VXL Itona LQ27 LQ+27 LQ44 LQ+44 LQ49 LQ+49 LQ50 LQ+50 LQ64 LQ+64 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati 8330 vga hdmi dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit quad BGA769 (FT3) soldered - 2 stacked sodimm ddr3 middle of mobo - 2 m.2 sata slots - 1 sata short cable half size space - limited 1ltr 8in case no fan - 19v hp style psu connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5212 21.5&quot; AIO Thin Client W11B 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 out from DP or vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit slow atom like dual core AMD G-T48E 1.4 GHz - dell type round ac needed 90W 19.5V 4.62A - 21 inch 1080p screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LG 24CK560N-3A 24' All-in-One Thin Client Monitor, 27CN650N-6N 27CN650W-AC 27', 34CN650W-AC 34', 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Prairie Falcon GX-212JJ 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab fit-PC4 fitPC4 4x 2Ghz AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64 - 2x DDR4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL Hedgehog M340C UD3 thin client 
*2016 V1.0 AMD GX-412HC 1.2GHz-1.6GHz Radeon R3E, normal bios DEL for Bios or F12 boot selector 
*2018 AMD GX-424CC 2.4GHz, Radeon R5E, UEFI hit DEL and choose boot or SCU icon 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SATA half slim version '''limited space''' with msata slot on earlier 2016 models
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Radeon R3E later R5E dvi dp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with codec ?? (412) and  Realtek ALC662-VD0-GR (424), both case speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;amd usb3 boot usb2 with bios &quot;disable usb&quot; entry 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111 (412) and (424)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One x86 USB 1.5, 1.8 and 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 20cm/8&quot; high case - 1 DDR3L sodimm slot max 8Gb 1600MHz - external '''12V 3A''' supply with 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - IDE like interface under base stand is for legacy addon ports RS232 parallel etc - capacitive touch power on - case opening 3 stages, remove stand and narrow black plastic strip from the back, top cover slides off to the back and lifts off - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD3 M350C (UEFI issues) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™ R R1505G Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C AMD Ryzen V1605B Thin Client
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 AMD Ryzen™ Embedded V1605B 2 – 3.6 GHz (Quad-Core) - 12v 5A psu - up to 16GB RAM DDR4 - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix Barebone Mini PC BSRE-1605
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EliteGroup LIFA Q3 Plus 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen Embedded V1000, V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM Deskmini UM250 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle DA320 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 R5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual realtek 1GbE 8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit AMD 2200G 2400G - Robust metal 1.3-liter case - A320 chipset DDR4 - 19V 6.32A DC PSU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T-Bao MN25 Mini PC 2500U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Unk|Intel NVMe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA Radeon Vega 8}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek PCIe 1GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum DeskMini UM300 3300U, UM350 DMAF5 3550H, UM370 3750H  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER3 GTR4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 3 or 10 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RJ45 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 3200u or 3750h 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER4 GTR5
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;cant boot from installed SSDs unless its an M.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 or 2 Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 4700U or 5900HX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI PRO DP20Z 5M Mini PC - AMD Ryzen 5 5300G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;R3 3200G Vega 8 - R5 3400G Vega 11 - Ryzen 5 5600G Vega 7 - Athlon 3000G
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM450 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - Ryzen 4500U - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix 
GB-BRR7-4800 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR7-4700 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR5-4500 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR3-4300 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN50 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN51-S1 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega thru dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 19v or 19.5v 90w psu round barrel - 32gb ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum Bessstar Tech EliteMini B550 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 x 2.5in and 2 nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|4 usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 8125 2.5GbE}}  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit AMD 4700G 5700G desktop cpu - 19v 120w round barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A300 and later X300 Mini itx with Desktop AM4 socket 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - choose your own AMD APU GE 35w based - DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 4x4 BOX-5800U Zen 3-based AMD Ryzen 7 5800U 15W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 slot gen 3 and sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 GbE and 1 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - WiFi 6E - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton S500+ Gaming Mini PC - Morefine S500+ 5900HX Mini PC - Minisforum UM590 Ryzen AMD Zen3 Ryzen 9 5900HX 7 5800H 45W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 1 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru HDMI 2.0, DP 1.4, and USB type-C 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 realtek rtl 8111h and 1 8125 2.5GbE bg-cg}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 sodimm ddr4 3200MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chuwi RzBox 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 vga, dp, hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|usb-c usb2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual gigabit 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit amd 5800h 4800h - 90w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC SER5, Trigkey AZW S5, Asus PN52, ZHI BEN MX-JB560, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe3 M.2 2280 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 6 with 1 or 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5500U 5560u 5600U to PRO 5600H 5800H - 19v 3.42W 65W psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NIPOGI Kamrui ACEMAGICIAN AM06PRO Dual LAN Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 5 5500U or 5600U/5625U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE ports 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - plastic build - 90w usb-c power - loud at 25W setting - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton FU02 Fanless Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U 5600U 5800U 8 Core 16 Threads
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 3.0 with 2 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x 1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - fanless with copper cube from cpu to metal sheet which gets warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xuu XR1 Lite (5300u 4c 8t) PRO 5400U   MAX 5600U  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe 2242 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 6
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 quiet fan - very small case no expansions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM UM690 Venus Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie4 nvme 2280 and 1 sata3 2.5in 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|1 USB4 and 2 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C16T - 2 ddr5 sodimmm - 19v ???W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR6 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M RDNA2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5GbE or intel i225}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit Ryzen 9 6900HX Zen3+ and a 2gb Radeon 680m 12CU ddr5 sodimm - 19v 120w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PN53, Geekom AS 6, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie gen4 nvme and ata 2.5in
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi and 1 dp
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|2 usb-c, 2 USB2.1 and 3 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C 16T - 2 slots ddr5 sodimmm (64Gb max) - 19v 120W - 4 retained base screws beware ribbon cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Micro Computer (HK) Tech Ltd MinisForum UM773 Lite, GMKtec K2 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe PCIe4.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RDNA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - AMD Zen 3+ (8c 16t) Ryzen 7 7735HS, 7840HS and AMD Ryzen 9 7845HX - 120w ac adapter - ddr5 sodimm 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.asrockind.com/en-gb/4x4 ASrock 4x4 SBC] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata or nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega or 680M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 or USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE or intel 2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR7 SER7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4 nvme 2280 up to 2Tb
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M RDNA3 GPU output on hdmi and dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1 or 2 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit AMD Phoenix APUs Zen 4 CPU Ryzen 7 7840HS or 9 7940HS (8c 16t) - 19v 5.26A 120w psu - del dios setup f7 choose boot - 2 thunderbolt-type usb-c on back - up to 64gb via 2 ddr5 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Server Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

====IBM====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;xSeries 206m
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI RN50b (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0 (UHCI/EHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014-09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Motherboard===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* Late 2002, USB2.0 added and slightly better AROS sound support (AC97) appeared 
* 2002-2005 and still, to a limited extent, ongoing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague bad capacitors] 
* Late 2003, ATX PSUs moved from 5V to 12v rails (extra 4pin on motherboard for CPU) 


* Late 2005, PCI Express replaced AGP and HDAudio replaced AC97 
* Late 2007, ATX PSUs added extra 12V PCI-E connectors and 4+4pin for CPUs 
* Late 2010, USB3.0 appears on motherboards or needing a PCI-E motherboard slot 

* Late 2014 Hardware USB2 removed from USB3 chipsets 


====AMD====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 7 (1997/1999)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1997 VT82C586B (QFP-208) is the first from VIA with DDMA
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 VT82C686 has close to excellent DDMA support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;SiS 5581/5582
SiS 5591/5595
SiS 530 /5595
SiS 600/5595
SiS 620/5595
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket A 462 (2001/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2217921/ABIT-NF7-S-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Abit NF7-S] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SIL 3112A  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97 (Nvidia APU)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201LB  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Realtek RTL8801B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7NF2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce2 ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMedia CMI 9761A AC'97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8201 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S8X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 746FX 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97 cmedia}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S41GX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 741GX + DDR 333
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|onboard sis does not work with vga or vesa but AGP 8x works}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SIS 7012}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS 900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works ok
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.asus.com ASUS A7N8X] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Silicon Image Sil 3112A
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ehci USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;first total support for AROS in 2004/5 - damocles and M Schulz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar M7NCD
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chaintech 7NJS Ultra Zenith
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Promise PDC 20376  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|CMI8738}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty NF2 Ultra
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|via ac97 VT1616}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8139C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ECS N2U400-A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Cmedia 9379A AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|VIA VT6103L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA7N400L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.gigabyte.lv/products/page/mb/ga-8siml Gigabyte 8SIML] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 650
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8100L LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Matsonic [http://www.elhvb.com/mobokive/archive/matsonic/manual/index.html Manuals] MS83708E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS730 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|SiS 5513}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|sis 305 no support use VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|sis7018}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|SiS 7001 USB 1.1 only}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SIS900}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=bph07585&amp;lc=en&amp;dlc=en&amp;cc=us&amp;dest_page=softwareCategory&amp;os=228&amp;tool=softwareCategory&amp;query=Pavilion%20742n&amp;product=89232 MSI MS-6367 HP 722n 742n (Mambo) (2001/2)] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nforce 220D (2001/2) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce2 AGP works 2D nouveau only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 ADI 1885 no volume control on Units 0-3}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB1.1 ports AMD based - front 2 ports iffy}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|nForce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested 20th Aug 2012 NB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 [http://us.msi.com/index.php?func=proddesc&amp;maincat_no=1&amp;prod_no=546/ Delta ILSR] Delta-L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 Delta2-LSR Platinum  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 ALC655}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2204281/Soltek-SL-75MRN-L-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Soltek 75FRN-L] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8201BL}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.3dvelocity.com/reviews/mach4nf2ultra/mach4.htm XFX Pine Mach4 nForce2 Ultra 400] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|3 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports VIA VT6240}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A7V266 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;via KT266A + 8233 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{no|issues}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with AD1980 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 8233 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6103 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 issues with booting 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A7V8X-X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|agp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with ADI AD1980 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA 8235}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|Realtek 10/100}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not booting for Socket A for AMD Barton/Thoroughbred/Athlon XP/Athlon/Duron 2.25+ GHz CPU - 3 x DDR DIMM Sockets Max. 3 GB - 
|-
|}


=====Socket 754 (2004/5)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit NF8-V2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB (2004/5)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot x8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 ac97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;a little support but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar CK8 K8HNA Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;VT6420 thru ide legacy only 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 ALC655}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.extremeoverclocking.com/reviews/motherboards/Chaintech_ZNF3-150_3.html Chaintech ZNF3-150 Zenith] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|Sli3114 SATA via IDE emul}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA Envy24PT (VT1720) + VT1616}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom GbE 5788}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very little support needs PCI cards but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty UT nF3 250GB 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250gb
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports nForce3 and 2 Marvell SATA PHY}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC850}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;CK8S - Winfast NF3 250K8AA works and Marvell 88E1111 does not work
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 some support but no Firewire VIA VT6307
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8N
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI43AB23 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte K8NNXP
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata sil3512 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTl8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI STB82AA2 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8NSNXP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SiI 3512 CT128 Sata Sil3515
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvel 88E8001}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K8N Neo-FIS2R 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nVIDIA NF3-250Gb 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek 7.1 AC'97 ALC850 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E1111}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://techreport.com/articles.x/5748/1 Shuttle AN50R] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF3-150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sil 3112 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC650 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia nF3 (10/100) Intel 82540EM Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Foxconn WinFast K8S755A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SiS755 + SiS964 (DDR333) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Socket 939 (2005)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-LA GeForce 6150 LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Geforce 6150 (MCP51) + nForce 430 (PC-3200)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|two ATA 133}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|four 3.0GB/s SATAII ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;built in or PCI-E x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC883 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201CL 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-SLI Premium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVidia 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|PCIe slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce LAN but not Marvell}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI nF4 Ultra-D LanParty - Diamond Flower International sold to BenQ group 2010 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF4 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA 2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Gigabit Ethernet, PCIe by Vitesse VSC8201 PHY nee Cicada 8201, PCI by Marvel 88E8001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit - Four 184-pin DDR Dual-Channel Slots - 1 pci on Ultra, 2 pci on sli, 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8V E SE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T890 +VT8237R CHIPSET ATX AMD Motherboard with Athlon 64 X2 / Athlon 64 FX / Athlon 64 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe}} AC97 driver using Realtek ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} USB 2.0 only 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No}} Marvell 88E8053 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good base but needs additional PCI cards added for better support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A8V Deluxe (2004) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T800 Pro (DDR400)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;Promise 20378 2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 SATA2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA VT8233A 8235 8237 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;needs extra PCI cards
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock 939Dual-SATA2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali Uli M1695 PCIe with M1567 AGP 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 Sata with JMicron JMB360 chip 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e and 1 agp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8201CL PHY ULi 10/100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;64bit pci-e and agp combo on board - 4 ddr slots - 
|}


=====Socket AM2 (2006/8) and AM2+ (2007-2010) =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M61PME-S2 (rev. 2.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 6100 / nForce 430 chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Realtek ALC662 Audio Codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N61-AR mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE via vga or 1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Nvidia
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit - 1 pci - 2 ddr2 dimm slots non-eec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus m2n68-am se2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nvidia 630a 630/a MCP68SE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports MCP61 chipset is SATA over IDE, not SATA over AHCI and reports subsystem as 0x1 IDE, not 0x6 SATA 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nvidia 7025 2d and 3d thru vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|hd audio with realtek alc662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce chipset RTL 8201CP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Phenom IIX2, Athlon 64 LE X2, Sempron, and Phenom FX processors - ddr2 667Mhz ram max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM2+ / AM2 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M3A32-MVP Deluxe
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 790FX RD790 + SB600 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88SE6121 SATA II}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio ADI® AD1988}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8056}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASROCK N68-S N68C-S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD based nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|slimline DVD drive works}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GF 7025 use vesa}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for VIA 1708S VT1705}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|echi usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201EL / 8201CL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 unbuffered 1066Mhz ddr2 ram - N68C-S may need noacpi added to grub boot line to disable pci temporarily to run as it cannot get to [PCI] Everything OK - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N68-AM Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 64, Sempron, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon 64 FX with nvidia 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;no vga, pci-e slot only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with ALC662 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8211CL Gigabit LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;adding &quot;noacpi noapic noioapic&quot; to the GRUB options - Dual channel DDR2 1066, 800, 667 MHz  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68M-S2 (1.0) S2P (2.3) S2L GA-M68SM-S2 (1.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025,  vga (s2 and s2p), dvi (s2l) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC883 (S2), ALC888B (S2P), ALC662 (S2L), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8201CL (S2), 8211CL (S2P), 8211BL (S2L), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit possible with AMD AM2+ CPU on AM2 motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0(5200MHz) to HT1.0(2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M2N68-VM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a (MCP68PVNT) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia GeForce ® 7050PV hdmi, dvi and vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio VIA 1708B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8211C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - ddr2 800Mhz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM3 White socket (2010/11)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA74GM-S2 GA-MA74GM-S2H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;740g with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|bios IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 2100 and pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 (r1.x),ALC888b (r2.0), ALC888B (rev4.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111C later 8111D
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 23.4cm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.vesalia.de/e_aresone2011.htm Aresone 2011]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;760g 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|no Radeon HD3000 driver yet&lt;br&gt;vesa driver works&lt;br&gt;and add PCIe card}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support - 4 DDR3 memory sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn A76ML-K 3.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760g rev3.0
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|4 in IDE mode }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 1.0 to 1.4) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|4 sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8168 rtl8111c/d}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 2.0 2.1)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM3 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A785TD-M PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;785G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|ide legacy}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4200 - use vesa}} or pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support with 1366 ddr3 ram - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M4A88T-I Deluxe ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G with AMD SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Three SATA 3Gbps
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4350 GPU with HDMI and DVI or One 16x PCI-Express 2.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB 2, 2 x USB 3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8112L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 SODIMM DDR3 slots max 8GB
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A88T-M Version E5907 E5826 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 4250 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek rtl8169 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte 890GPA-UD3H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890GX together with SB850
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use pci-e nvidia 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe - ALC892 rev. 1.0, ALC892 rev 2.1, ALC889 rev. 3.1 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well overall 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-890FXA-UD7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX with SB850 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 2.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|AMD USB2 but limited with NEC D720200F1 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111D 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - XL-ATX Form Factor 32.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 890GXM-G65 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;890GX + SB750
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI 4290 built-in (vesa)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 DD GR}} HD Audio crackles 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock N68-VS3 FX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA® VT1705 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek PHY RTL8201EL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x DDR3 DIMM slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GF615M-P35 MS-7597
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC888S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|freezes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8211CL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.3), ACL887 (3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit possible, AMD AM3 CPU on this motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0 (5200MT/s) to HT1.0 (2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.x 2.x), ALC889 (3.0), ALC888B/889 (3.1),  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4N78 PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 8300  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 xUltraDMA 133/100 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce® 8 series GPU with 1 PCIe 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA1708S 8 -Channel  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;12 USB 2.0 ports (8 ports at mid-board, 4 ports at back panel)  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x DIMM, Max. 16 GB, DDR2 1200(O.C.)/1066*/800/667 ECC,Non-ECC,Un-buffered Memory - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 9.6 inch ( 30.5 cm x 24.4 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket AM3+ Black socket (2012/15)=====

*095W FX-6300 FD6300WMHKBOX (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320E 8core Black Editions FD832EWMHKBOX  FX-8370E  (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*125W FX-6310 (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320 FX-8350 FX-8370 (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*220W 990FX mobos with FX-9000 FX-9370 FX-9590 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M5A78L-M LX3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G with SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887, V? ALC892 codecs 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros 8161/8171 add realtek 8111? pci-e card}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - uATX Form Factor 9.6  inch x 7.4  inch ( 24.4  cm x 18.8  cm ) - 2 x DIMM, Max. 16GB, DDR3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|6 SATA2 ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GT240 and a nv7900gs, both pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 (r3.1), ALC??? (rev. 4.0), ALC887 (r5.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8111E (r3.1), Atheros (rev4.0), Atheros (r5.x) }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 offers very poor control over its EFI vs. BIOS booting partition features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-USB3 (r3.0), (r4.1 Blue board), (r5.0 dark board), (rev6 dark mobo)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Bios IDE mode for SATA2 on early ones}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD3000, pci-e GT240 and a nv7900gs 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC??? (r3.0), ALC887 (r4.1), VIA VT2021 (r5.0), Realtek® ALC892 codec (rev6) }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not VIA® VL805 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 4 x DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 760GM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATI 760G plus SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 Use Vesa 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|P33 VT1705; P34, P21 and P23 (FX) MS7641 v3.0 ALC887,  E51 ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;P23 issues with audio ALC887 crackles thru earphones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigayte GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 3.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with Realtek ALC888/892 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111d/e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 890FX Deluxe5 Extreme3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX + AMD SB850 or SB950 (Extreme3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111E rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A97 R2.0 EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 and SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Asmedia SATA Controller 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;n/a
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (LE), ALC887 (Regular), ALC892 (EVO) codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 and 2 Asmedia USB3.0 Controller 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111F 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC??? (rev. 1.0/1.1), ALC887 (rev1.2), VIA VT2021 codec (rev 1.3 1.4 and rev3.0) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not Etron EJ168 chip (USB3)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 8111E (all revisions), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit - ATX Form Factor 30.5cm x 22.4cm - 4 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 970 Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;970FX SB950
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1150 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 usb2 with 2 USB3 VIA VL806 Chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Killer E2205 Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A99X EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;990X - RD980 with SB920 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 pci-e gen ?
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-990XA-UD3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 990 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 1.x, 3.0, 3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 not 2 x Etron EJ168 chips for USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8169 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====AMD Fusion (2011/14)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| 1.2GHz single Bobcat Fusion C30 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| IDE
| SATA
| AMD 6250 
| Audio
| USB
| Ethernet
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| Asus E35M1-M PRO uATX
| 1.6GHz 18W AMD Fusion E-350 dual core + Hudson M1
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC887 VD2 
| USB
| RTL8111E 
| EFI bios [http://www.anandtech.com/show/4023/the-brazos-performance-preview-amd-e350-benchmarked] 
|-
| Asus E35M1-I Deluxe miniITX
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC892 
| USB
| Realtek 8111E 
| no support for Atheros AR5008 on a Mini PCI-E
|-
| ASRock E350M1 / USB3 (also version with USB3.0 added) 
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA - 4 SATA3 
| {{Maybe|AMD 6310 - use vesa with hdmi and dvi}} 
| {{Yes|Audio ALC892 playback but no HDMI output}} 
| USB - 4 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 
| {{Yes|rtl8169 for Realtek 8111E 8411 ethernet chipset}}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N-USB3 mini-ITX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Hudson M1 FCH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; plus HDMI, DVI 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 NEC USB3.0 with 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N Win8 V1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 FCH A45 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Use VESA - AMD 6310 plus HDMI, DVI}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC887 playback through headphones but not thru hdmi}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 USB2.0 needs more testing}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8168B}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well but need to test with sata hard disk 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI E350IA-E45 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;e-350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;no support 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata3 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 6310 gpu 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 through NEC 720200 chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-M PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E450 APU with Hudson M1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-I Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E-450 together 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM1 (2011/13)=====

On board Graphic on CPU - HD6410D, HD6530D, HD6550D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS F1A55-M LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with AMD A55 FCH (Hudson D2)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s port(s), blue Support Raid 0, 1, 10, JBOD 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 2.0 slot or Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 6000 in Llano APU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 Audio CODEC  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 A- Series/E2- Series APUs up to 4 cores - 2 x DIMM, Max. 32GB, DDR3 2250(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 White Socket (2012/13)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A75 A85X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 Plus Black socket (2013/15)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A88X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM1 FS1b socket (2014/1x)=====

5350 4 core Jaguar cores 2GHz with Integrated AMD Radeon R Series Graphics in the APU Kabini [Radeon HD 8400] 

Later Beema APU with 2/4 core Puma (slightly updated Jaguar) cores, GCN graphics and a compute capable Radeon core, along with a brand new AMD security processor and FT3 BGA packaging (probably best avoided for long term survival).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AM1I-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek® ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111GR 8168 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1M 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;BGA FT3 AM1x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM4 FM3 Summit Ridge Zen Zen+ (2016/22)=====

Jim Keller’s group designed x86 Zen CPU - new and covering the same AM4 platform/socket for desktop 

Zen will also shift from Bulldozer’s Clustered Multithreading (CMT) to Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT, aka Intel’s Hyperthreading). CMT is the basis for Bulldozer’s unusual combination of multiple integer cores sharing a single FPU within a module, so the move to SMT is a more “traditional” design for improving resource usage

Trusted Platform Module, or fTPM, that Windows 11 requires. Ryzen processors using a firmware TPM are causing stutters, even when doing mundane tasks. To enable TPM 2.0 on your AMD system please follow the steps below.
&lt;pre&gt;
    Power on system and press DEL or F2 to get into the BIOS.
    Navigate to Advanced\CPU Configuration.
    Enable AMD fTPM switch.
    Press F10 to save changes.
&lt;/pre&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VI Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 (1x16 or 2x8) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SupremeFX audio features an S1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel I211 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 7 1800X 1700X 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar X370gtn Itx Am4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Dragon LAN RTL8118AS 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-AX370 K7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with 2 x Realtek® ALC1220 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 intel and 1 E2500 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  4 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Xpower Gaming Titanium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;8-channel Realtek 1220 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;ASMedia® ASM2142 and amd cpu 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 x Intel® I211AT Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Prime B350 Plus ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 5 1600x 1600 1500X 1400 - 4 x DIMM Max 64GB, DDR4 up to 2666MHz ECC and non-ECC Memory - ATX 12 inch x 9.35 inch ( 30.5 cm x 23.7 cm )  - 2 pci 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME B350M-A/CSM Micro ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 3 1300x 1200 1100 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Pro4 AB350 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe 3.0 x16, 4 PCIe 2.0 x1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock AB350 Gaming-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B350 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B350 Tomahawk Arctic Mortar 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCIe 3.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;white and grey colours - 2 pci-e and 2 pci slots - m.2 in middle - atx 12 in by 9.6 in and matx versions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue M-ATX B350M-TI 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B350I-Plus ITX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A320M-ITX MINI ITX Rev1.0 Rev2 Rev2.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME A320M-C R2.0 rev1.1 A320M-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 A/B300 SFF 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek ALC887 alc897 CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.1 gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 3rd/2nd/1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ / 2nd and 1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ with Radeon™ Vega 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A320M-A PRO MicroATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A320  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG X399 Zenith Extreme  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X399 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; supremefx s1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Threadripper 1950X 1920X 1900X TR4 skt 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Fatality X470 Gaming K4 mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Fatal1ty X470 Gaming-ITXac AMD AM4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS ROG STRIX X470-I GAMING AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B450-I Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;high VRM temps - raven ridge 14nm+ like 2200G 2400G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B450 Gaming K4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; alc892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 4 ddr4 slots - low VRM thermals 3900x 3950x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B450 I Aorus Pro Wifi 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme pcie3 with 4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very high vrm temps 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B450i Gaming ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 - none nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64 2nd 3rd AMD - 2 ddr4 dimm slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b450 tomahawk max 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; b450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek® ALC892 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 Pro Carbon 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450-A PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450I GAMING Plus AC ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 - 2nd and 3rd gen AMD - 2 ddr4 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B450M M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock X570 PHANTOM GAMING-ITX/TB3 Mini ITX AM4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X570  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VIII Dark Hero
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X570 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; SupremeFX7.1 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I211-AT and Realtek® RTL8125-CG 2.5G LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix X570-I Gaming Mini ITX AM4 Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG X570 Gaming Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix B550-i AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue Jingyue B550i Gaming itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;3 with 1 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio alc
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit max of Ryzen 5500 (c t), 5600, 5600g (6c12t) - 2 ddr4 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock B550 PHANTOM GAMING ITX/AX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 2.5G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B550M-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek ALC887/897 Audio Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Gigabit LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG STRIX B550-A GAMING
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe Gen4 x4 &amp; SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  supremefx S1220A
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I225-V 2.5Gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte AMD B550I AORUS PRO AX Mini-ITX rev 1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme pci-e3 with 4 sata3
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  2 x DDR4 DIMM sockets  1Rx8/2Rx8/1Rx16 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 DP and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-C 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit- finer tuning than A520's - AMD Ryzen 5000 Series/ 3rd Gen Ryzen and 3rd Gen Ryzen with Radeon Graphics CPU - Dual Channel ECC/ Non-ECC Unbuffered DDR4, 4 DIMMs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550M DS3H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8118 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit - 4 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG B550 GAMING PLUS ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Processors - 4 dimm ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MAG B550 TOMAHAWK ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (up to Type 22110) and 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280)
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 with dp and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 1 x USB 3.1 Type-C and 1 x USB 3.1 Type-A
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8125B and Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 4 Dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue A520M-H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; old bios with random issues with APU ryzens - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520M S2H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up - 2 ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520I AC mITX mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up 5600G (6c12t) or 5700G (8c16t) - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A520M-A PRO mATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Desktop and AMD Ryzen 4000 G-Series CPU 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===== (Socket AM5 LGA1718 Zen4 2022/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Steel Legend 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 64Gb @ 6000Mhz or 128GB @ 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock TaiChi
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 with Thunderbolt 4 equivalent 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek killer E3000 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 7950x3d 120W, 7900 7800 7600 90W 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B650E-I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  - better sound with an actual AMP, PCIe 5, USB-C display outs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B650M WIFI M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b650i mini itx
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023   - front panel connectors at the back of the board - dead rear nvme slot and a drained CMOS battery as the CMOS button being pressed during shipping - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M Zen4
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen5 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen6 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===== (Zen? AM? 203x/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


====Intel====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 370 (2000/2)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel D815EEA 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;866Mhz P3 and i815 chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia AGPx8 6200LE added}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 USB1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested AspireOS 1.7, simple basic board with useful 5 PCI slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket 478 (2002/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=zh-CN&amp;u=http://detail.zol.com.cn/motherboard/index46381.shtml&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3Dc.865pe.l%2Bmotherboard%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3DsZB%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official Colorful Technology C.865PE-L Silver Fighter Warrior V2.3] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865PE
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|tested with CDROM}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AGP slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALC650 AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 1.1 and 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8100 8139}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Still testing with NB (Nightly Build) May 2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865P
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 800}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865GC 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 865 Extreme Graphics 2}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA775 s775 (2005/8)=====

an industry standard DDR2 module could in theory contain fallback JEDEC, intel XMP and AMD EPP configuration data 

Intel PC CL5 ram modules but an &quot;AMD&quot; CL5 ram module the BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) but can recognize the CL5 timing info in the JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an AMD PC CL6 ram modules but an &quot;INTEL&quot; CL6 ram module the BIOS cannot read the INTEL XMP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL6 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an INTEL PC needs CL6 ram modules but have an &quot;AMD&quot; CL4 ram module. INTEL BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL4 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS recognizes module timings as incompatible an refuses to boot.  

entirely separate issue if the RAM module timing specs are incompatible.(i.e. CL4 RAM in a &quot;CL6 only&quot; PC) 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit AG8 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8110S-32 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 32bit - Firewire TI 4200R7T no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 915 Neo2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMI 9880L HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcomm BCM5751 PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6306 no 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5GC P5GC-MX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945GC Lakeport-GC + ICH7R northbridge
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 3.0 Gbit/s ports  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe 1.1 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|atheros L2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 32bit - 3 pci slots - 4 x 240-pin DIMM Sockets max. 4GB DDR2 667/533 non-ECC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn PC45CM-SA 45CM-S 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|pcie 1.0 slot with gma950 integrated}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with aLC883 codec playback}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|realtek 8139 8100sc}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 dimm slots 667mhz max 4gb - can be found in Advent desktops - 2 pci-e and 2 pci - core 2 duo only e6xxx - Micro ATX (9.6” x 8.8”) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-81945GM MFY-RH
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® 945GM Express with ICH7M-DH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA950 VGA15 and PCI-e 1.0 slot}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC880 codec playback only rear port}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO1000PL 82573L Gigabit Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 MoDT term “Mobile on DeskTop.”, low TDP CPUs to work on desktop form-factor motherboards. mATX Micro ATX 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 2 DDR2 dimm 1.8v slots with 4Gb max - will not boot if PCI2 slot occupied - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-945 GCM S2C
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|8101E Rtl 8169 (1.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA945-GCM S2L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCi-E slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with ALC662 codec 2/4/5.1-channel (1.x)}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111c 8169 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM 4GB DDR2 memory max - 2 PCI-e and 2 PCI - Micro ATX form factor; 24.4cm x 19.3cm  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo-F rev 1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC662 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo2-F rev 1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P31-DS3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI Express x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111B 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DDR2 800Mhz up to 4Gb 4 x 240 pin - 3 PCI - ATX 12.0&quot; x 8.3&quot; - 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL-AM /PS 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 1.1 with integrated Intel® GMA 3100 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT1708B with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8102EL 100/10 LAN with Realtek RTL8111C Gigabit LAN  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 2 GB DDR2 Non-ECC,Un-buffered DIMMs with 2 PCI - Intel Graphics Media Accelerator - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL/EPU 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pci-e 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169 Realtek 8111C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested - 4 240-pin DIMM, Max. 4 GB - 4 pci-e and 3 pci - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 8.2 inch ( 30.5 cm x 20.8 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G31M ES2L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 plus ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3100 2d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC883 (1.x), ALC883/888B (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL8111C (1.x), Atheros 8131 (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces DRAM capacity to 4GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r1.0  G31M-GS
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{partial|rtl8169 RTL8111DL 8169 (for -GS) RTL8102EL (for -S)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig AMI bios MicroATX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8111DL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig MicroATX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/reseller/apac/eng/products/desktop/bdb/dg31pr/feature/index.htm Intel DG31PR] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG31 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|3100 but can use PCIe 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111B Rtl 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel G33 Express Chipset with ich9 southbridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3100 powervr tile based 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - embedded on Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual-Core CPUS with Integrated GPU Intel GMA 3100 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P5G41T-M LX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH8 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X4500 some 2d only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros L1c AR8131}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces maximum supported memory ddr3 from 16 to 8GB 2 dimm slots non-EEC - demotes the PCIe controller mode from revision 2.0 (5.0GT/s) to revision 1.1 (2.5GT/s
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VT1708S (1.3), ALC887-VD2 (1.4), ALC887 (2.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros AR8151 l1c (1.x 2.x), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2PT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (1.0), VIA (2.0), ALC887 (2.1)
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111E (1.x), Atheros AR8151 l1c (2.1), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 Port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA X4500 2d only and pci-e 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888B}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports + headers
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111 D/E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P41T D3P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7 with Intel Core 2 Duo (E6xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 889/892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111C or D/E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel DG41AN Classic 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG41 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888S ALC888VC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock P5B-DE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P965 + ICH8 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|works ide legacy}}
|&lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|with PCI-E 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio via VT1708S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5B SE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 intel 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well except ethernet 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5W DH Deluxe P5WDG2 WS PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;975X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC882 AND LATER ADI 1988B 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8052 88E8053}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI TSB43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IP35 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 Express + ICH9R  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;two RTL8110SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB43 AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P35 Neo F FL MS-7630 rev 1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel P35 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC888
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base model of this range of P35 mobos 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-P35-DS3
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 and ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889A codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111B
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-EP35-DS3 (rev. 2.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® P35 + ICH9 Chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|4 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Realtek ALC889A codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes | }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111B}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IX38 Quad GT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; HD Audio ALC888 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8110SC 8169SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB 43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte X38-DQ6
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;twin 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-EP45 DS3 (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 or ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s (SATAII0, SATAII1, SATAII2, SATAII3, SATAII4, SATAII5)  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E v2.0 x16 slots support splitting its 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes across two cards at x8 transfers 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888  or ALC889A codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111C chips (10/100 /1000 Mbit)  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets non-EEC 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P45 Platinum (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G45 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;adds Intel’s GMA X4500HD graphics engine to P45 Express features 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G43 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;removes HD video acceleration from the G45’s features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5E Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X48 with ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ADI 1988B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell 88E8001 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte GA-X48 DQ6 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X48 plus ICH9R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TSB43AB23 no - ICH9 pairs with Intel’s 3-series (X38, P35, etc.) chipsets, in addition to the X48 Express, but excluding the G35 Express 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte EP43-DS3L  and Gigabyte GA-EP43-UD3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P43 with ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s connectors 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCI Express x16 slot PCI Express 2.0 standard
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets - 4 pcie x1 - 2 pci - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 21.0cm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 73-pvm-s2h rev.1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 7100 nForce 630i 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|3 ports SATA2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d GeForce 7100 (vga /hdmi/dvi), 1 PCIe x16 Slot }} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC889A MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|7 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL 8211B MCP73}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Not, tested with Icaros Desktop 2.0.3 MCP73 is a single chip solution in three different versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nvidia 7150 630i 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel based nForce 630i (MCP73)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--GFX--&gt;GF 7150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO ALC883}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ohci echi}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;being tested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; the MCP73PV or the GeForce 7050/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73S or the GeForce7025/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73V or the GeForce 7025/nForce 610i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Atom SOC (2008/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945CLF 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N230 single core 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA945}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}} Skt 441
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works very well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.clusteruk.com iMica D945GCKF2 mobo]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N330 Dual Core
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;wip
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945GSEJT + Morex T1610 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom 230 with 945GSE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA900 vga but issues with DVI output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;small size, runs off 12V 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AT3N7A-I  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom N330 Nvidia ION
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|3 ports legacy IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|nouveau  cube  cube 2 45  quake 3 }}  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with VIA 1708S codec playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 device}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAiJpvu73iw&lt;/ref&gt; good but can freeze randomly at times 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D410PT 45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D410 and NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA3150}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 or ALC66x odd clicks}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D510 and NM10 + GMA3150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B or ALC66x 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111DL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-D525TUD (rev. 1.0 1.2 1.5)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D525 NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N|A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;gma 3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 8g - Mini-ITX Form Factor; 17.0cm x 17.0cm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1366 (2009/10)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P6T DELUXE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x58 + ICH10 and Intel 1st gen. (Nehalem/Lynnfield) Core i7 (8xx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 (r2.0) slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ADI AD2000B HD Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8056 Gigabit}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6308 no
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;gigabyte ex58 ds 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; x58 + ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111D rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1156 (2010)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire M3910
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALCxxx playback}} ALC888B (Rev1.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111D}} (Rev 1.x) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested but no support for WLAN Realtek 8188su 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H55M-E33 v1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E7636 M7636 H55 chipset so older i3/i5/i7 system
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC889}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|PCI-E Realtek 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P7P55D
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe | via codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe |rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111B/C  RTL8112L }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1155 H2 (2010/13)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P8H61-I LX R2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 - up to ivybridge cpus - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H61-I/RM/SI mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 up to i3-2010 - OEM board from an RM machine but not ivybridge as the Asus BIOS isn't compatible with these, 0909 hacked one might work - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus p8h61-i lx r2.0/rm/si mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;h61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with VIA codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 sandy and ivy - oem from rm machine 2 x 240-Pin DDR3 DIMM sockets max DDR3 1333MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;‎Bewinner 63q9c7omvs V301 ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata with nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8106E 100M Network Card 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar H61 H61MHV2 H61MHV3 Ver. 7.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with Intel Pentium G 2xxx series CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC662 later ALC897
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61M-D2-B3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + Sandybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61MA-D3V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe No Realtek ALC887 (Rev 2.0) ALC887 (Rev2.1) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H61M-S2PV 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with 2400k 2500k 2600k 2700k 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (rev 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rtl811E (1.0) 8151 (2.0) Rtl8111F (2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Micro ATX Form Factor; 24.4cm x 20cm with 2 pci-e and 2 pci - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel Classic Series DH61CR Desktop 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61M-P20 (G3) MS-7788 
*retail MSI board 
*OEM Advent, etc 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|four SATAII ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCI Express gen3 (retail) gen2 (oem) x16 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8105E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 slots - 22.6cm(L) x 17.3cm(W) M-ATX Form Factor - BIOS - [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=6009#post_6007 works well], 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61I-E35 (B3) MS-7677 Ver.1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=5861#post_5861 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H67-M
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H67 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8Z68-V LX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Intel 2nd generation (Sandy Bridge) Core i7 (2xxx) CPU and possibly ivybridgev
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Intel HD with ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - EFI bios - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Z68AP-D3 (B3) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H 1.0 1.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit i5 3550 7 3770 - 4 DDR3 slots - 2 full pci-e 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z77 D3H with i3 3225 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1150 H3 (2013/2016)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H87N-WIFI mITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H87 and Intel 4th generation (Haswell) Core i5 (4xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Atheros 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81M-C H81M-P-SI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 (4xxx) CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x3g 2x6g
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio alc887 vd
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111gr
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;skt 1150 - 2 ddr3 max 16g - mini atx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD4000 igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit intel 4th gen mini itx - external dc brick with 19v rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 ddr3 laptop sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN chip 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit up to i7 4790K - 2 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H81M-D3V (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata2 2 sata3 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|intel and VIA® VL805}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 Realtek }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z87-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t i5 4c4t CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-Z87X-UD3H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 Express 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek® ALC898 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA H97M D3H r1.0 r1.1 with i3 4360 or 4370 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z97 A with i7 4790K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;750, 960, 970 and 980 nvidia GTX cards 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan ethernet 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z97X UD3H rev1.0 1.1 1.2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with i5 4690K 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC1150
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GAMING 5 Z97 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS Q87M-E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Q87 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1151 Socket H4 (2015/2018)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Skylake CPUs have TPM 2.0 imbedded 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110 Plus H110M-A/DP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with 6th Gen Core and 7th with bios update 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sunrise Point-H SATA [AHCI mode] [8086 a102] 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Skylake Integrated HD Graphics use PIC-E slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC887 Audio CODEC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI [8086: a12f] no usb2.0 fallback 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111GR or 8111H RTL8111 8168 8411}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;ATX with 3 pci-e and 2 DDR4 slots - uatx version smaller - turn off TLSF as it was causing AHI driver to corrupt. Turned off ACPI for errors but works fine once booted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H110M-R M-ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit 6th Gen Skylake Core™ i7/Core™ 6950X i7-6970HQ i7-6700K 4c8t hyperthreading, i5/Core™ i5-6600K 4c4t i3/Pentium® / Celeron® - 2 DDR4 DIMMS Max 32GB 2133MHz - 1 full pci-e and 2 pci-e 1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Intel/Realtek GbE languard 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 - mini itx 12v / 19v laptop type rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - no pci-e slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H110M-S2H MATX Rev1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 (USB 3.1 Gen 1) ports with 4 us2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Msi H110M-PRO-VH 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek® ALC887 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6th gen intel -  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H170 Pro Gaming
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Asmedia USB3.1/3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Z170A TOMAHAWK 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sara, 1 x 2280 Key M(PCIe Gen3 x4/SATA), 1 x 2230 Key E(Wi-Fi) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit up to i7 7700k - 2 DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GIGABYTE GA-B250M-DS3H HD3P D3H D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B250 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 coffee lake intel 8th gen
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Kaby Lake X Intel 7th Gen 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Z390 with Kaby Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Q370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; H370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B360M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Rampage 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x299 with  i9
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  - up to 24 to 44 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 
| &lt;!--Chipset--X299 &gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1200 (2020/2022)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H510M-A PRO (MS-7D22)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Comet Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit-  up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME H410M-E
Asrock H470M-HDV/M.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Rocket Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1700 (2023/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Alder Lake / Raptor Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 2022 64bit - QoS work to 2 level cpus, P down to E cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Meteor Lake / Arrow Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 2024 64bit 10nm - 3 level cpus, Low Power Island (SOC tile) to E onto P cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Lunar lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 64bit 7nm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===Chromebooks===

For most (EOL) Chromebooks, the recommended UEFI path forward is to:

*put the device into Developer Mode
*disable firmware write protection
*flash MrChromebox's UEFI Full ROM firmware
*install ChromeOS Flex, Linux, etc


See [https://mrchromebox.tech/#home MrChrome], [https://mrchromebox.tech MrChrome] and the [https://www.reddit.com/r/chrultrabook/ chrultrabook subreddit] for more info


ChromeOS has several different boot modes, which are important to understand in the context of modifying your device to run an alternate OS:

*Normal/Verified Boot Mode
        Can only boot Google-signed ChromeOS images
        Full verification of firmware and OS kernel
        No root access to the system, no ability to run Linux or boot other OSes
        Automatically enters Recovery Mode if any step of Verified Boot fails
        Default / out-of-the-box setting for all ChromeOS devices
*Recovery Mode
        User presented with Recovery Mode boot screen (white screen with 'ChromeOS is missing or damaged' text)
        Boots only USB/SD with signed Google recovery image
        Automatically entered when Verified Boot Mode fails
        Can be manually invoked:
        On Chromebooks, via keystroke: [ESC+Refresh+Power]
        On Chromeboxes, by pressing a physical recovery button at power-on
        On Convertibles/Tablets, by pressing/holding the Power, Vol+, and Vol- buttons for 10s and then releasing
        Allows for transition from Verified Boot Mode to Developer Mode
        On Chromebooks/Chromeboxes, via keystroke: [CTRL+D]
        On Convertibles/Tablets, via button press: Vol+/Vol- simultaneously
        Booting recovery media on USB/SD will completely repartition/reformat internal storage and reload ChromeOS (as well as some RW firmware components)

Note: The ChromeOS recovery process does not reset the firmware boot flags (GBB Flags), so if those are changed from the default, they will still need to be reset for factory default post-recovery.

*Developer Mode
        &quot;Jailbreak&quot; mode built-in to every ChromeOS device
        Loosened security restrictions, allows root/shell access, ability to run Linux via crouton
        Verified Boot (signature checking) disabled by default, but can be re-enabled
        Enabled via [CTRL+D] on the Recovery Mode boot screen
        Boots to the developer mode boot screen (white screen with 'OS verification is off' text), from which the user can select via keystroke where to boot:
&lt;pre&gt;
           ChromeOS (in developer mode) on internal storage ( [CTRL+D] )
           ChromeOS/ChromiumOS on USB ( [CTRL+U] )
           Legacy Boot Mode ( [CTRL+L] )
&lt;/pre&gt;
Boot screen displays the ChromeOS device/board name in the hardware ID string (eg, PANTHER F5U-C92, which is useful to know in the context of device recovery, firmware support, or in determining what steps are required to install a given alternate OS on the device.

*Legacy Boot Mode
        Unsupported (by Google) method for booting alternate OSes (Linux, Windows) via the SeaBIOS firmware payload / RW_LEGACY firmware region
        Accessed via [CTRL+L] on the developer mode boot screen
        Requires explicit enabling in Developer Mode via command line: sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 (installing RW_LEGACY firmware via the Firmware Utility Script will set this for you)
        Not all ChromeOS devices are capable out of the box, most require a RW_LEGACY firmware update first
        Boots to the (black) SeaBIOS splash screen; if multiple boot devices are available, a prompt to show the boot menu will be displayed.

Note: If you hear two beeps after pressing [CTRL+L], then either your device doesn't have a valid Legacy Boot Mode / RW_LEGACY firmware installed, or legacy boot capability has not been been enabled via crossystem.

Using the [https://mrchromebox.tech/#fwscript ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script] to update your device's RW_LEGACY firmware region will address both of these issues, as it not only provides an updated, fully functional RW_LEGACY firmware, but also sets the required boot flag.


https://www.howtogeek.com/278953/how-to-install-windows-on-a-chromebook/

Chromebooks don’t officially support other OSs. You normally can’t even install as Chromebooks ship with a special type of BIOS designed for Chrome OS. But there are ways to install, if you’re willing to get your hands dirty and potentially ruin everything 


[https://mrchromebox.tech/#devices Firmware Compatibility] 


Most older Chromebooks need the write-protect screw removed in order to install MrChromebox's firmware that allows you to install other operating systems. Most newer Chromebooks don't work in the same way as there is no write-protect screw on them. 

[https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility Here is the list of hardware that the GalliumOS supports and information on getting Gallium OS on to those devices]


Development on GalliumOS has been discontinued, and for most users, GalliumOS is not the best option for running Linux due to lack of hardware support or a kernel that's out of date and lacking important security fixes.


Meet Eupnea and Depthboot, the successors to Galliumos and Breath [https://eupnea-linux.github.io This is the bleeding edge] 


With that said, the HP Chromebook 11 11A G8 EE is not listed as being supported at this time. 
this is a educational version and if it does not belong to you and belongs to a school district 
STOP NOW! We suspend students that decide to mess with a school district Chromebook that was loaned to them.


Very rough guide to '''total''' (i.e. all cores / threads) processor performance (AROS usually uses only the one core) 

&lt;pre&gt;

063000    AMD Ryzen 9 7900X (AM5 170W)
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5950X
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X3D 
055000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (AM4 105W),   AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (105W),   
050000    AMD Ryzen 9 PRO 7940HS (FP8 65W)
048000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, 
047000    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 7840HS (FP7 65W), AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme (top TDP)
045000    AMD Ryzen 9 6900HX, Intel Core i7-12800H
044000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700G (AM4 ), AMD Ryzen 9 6900HS, 
043000    Intel Core i5-13500H, AMD Ryzen 5 5600X3D (AM4 95W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 5750GE (AM4 35W)
042000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700GE (AM4 35W),    
041500    AMD Ryzen 9 5900HS, Intel Core i7-12700T,    
041000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (FP6 45W), AMD Ryzen 5 5600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 7640U,    
040000    AMD Ryzen 7 6800U, Intel Core i5-12490F, Intel Core i5-12500E,   
039000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800HS (FP6 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 8500G, 


037000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600H, AMD Ryzen 3 7736U, 
036000    AMD Ryzen 5 3600X (95W), AMD Ryzen 5 5500 (AM4 65W), 
035000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600U, Intel Core i5-11400F, AMD Ryzen 5 5600H,  
034000    AMD Ryzen 7 7730U, AMD Ryzen 5 8540U, AMD Ryzen 4800H, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650GE,  
033000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800U (FP6 8c16t 25W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800HS, AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750GE, 
032500    AMD Ryzen 7 2700X, AMD Ryzen 5 5600GE (AM4 35W), 
032000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G (AM4 45W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800U, AMD Ryzen 7 5825U (FP6 8c16t 15W),
031500    AMD Ryzen 7 5700U (FP6 25W 8c16t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 5 4500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3600 (65W), 
029000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 1700X (AM4 95W), 
028500    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U, AMD Ryzen 7 1700 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 2700 (65W), 
028000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650U, AMD Ryzen 5 4400G, AMD Ryzen 5 5560U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen3),     
027000    AMD R5 5600U (FP6 25W 6c12t), AMD Ryzen 5 5625U (FP6 15W 6c12t Zen3), 
026000    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 5350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500X (AM4 95W), 
025000    AMD Ryzen 5 5500U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 3 5300GE, AMD Ryzen 7 4700U (FP6 25W 8c8t),  
024000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650U, AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (95W), AMD Ryzen V3C18I (? 15W), 
023000    AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (FP6 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 4600U (FP6 25W 6c12t),
022800    AMD Ryzen 3 5400U, Intel Core i5-11300H, 


022000    AMD Ryzen 5 4500U (FP6 25W 6c6t), AMD Ryzen 3 5450U 5425U, 
021500    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 3 4300G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4200GE,   
019500    Intel Core i5-1135G7,   AMD Ryzen 5 5500H,     
018500    AMD Ryzen 5 3400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 2500X
018000    AMD Ryzen 5 3400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8400,  AMD Ryzen 5 1500X (AM4 65W),  
017500    AMD Ryzen 3 5300U (FP6 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i7-6700K, 
016600    AMD Athlon Gold PRO 4150GE, Intel Core i7-6700,  
016500    AMD Ryzen 7 3750H,    AMD Ryzen Embedded V1756B (FP5 45W),    
016000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3550H, 
015000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8500T, AMD Ryzen 2700U, AMD Ryzen 5 3550U,
014000    AMD Ryzen 5 3500U (FP5 15W 4c8t),   AMD Ryzen 3 4300U,   AMD Ryzen 3 3200G (AM4 65W),    
013500    AMD Ryzen 3 2200G,    AMD Ryzen 3 3200GE (AM4 45W),    AMD Ryzen 3 1300X (65W), 
013000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U (FP4 25W),   AMD Ryzen Embedded V1605B (FP5 25W),    
012500    AMD Ryzen 5 2500U (FP5 25W 4c8t),     


012300    Intel Core i7-8565U,    Intel Core i5-8350U,  Intel Core i7-8700,   
012000    AMD Ryzen 3 2200GE,  AMD Ryzen 3 1200 (65W),   AMD Ryzen 3 1200,   
011500    AMD Ryzen 3 3300U,    
010500    AMD Ryzen 3 2300U (FP5 25W 4c4t),    Intel Alderlake ULX N100 (BGA-1264 6W) / N95 (? 15W),    
010300    Intel Core i7-3630QM,   Intel Core i5-6600T,     
010200    Intel Core i5-6440HQ,   Intel Core i7-3610QM,     
010000    AMD FX-8320E Eight-Core (AM3+ 125W),   Intel Core i5-7500T,   Intel Core i5-4690, 
008700    AMD FX-6130 Six-Core (AM3+ 90W),     Intel Core i5-7400T,     
008600    Intel Core i5-6500T,  AMD Athlon 300GE (AM4, 35W),   
008200    Intel Core i5-2500K,  AMD Ryzen R1606G (FP5 15W),  AMD FX-6300 6Core (AM3 65W),   
008100    Intel Celeron N5105 (FCBGA1338, 15W),   Intel Core i5-4590T,   


008150    AMD Athlon Gold 3150U,    Intel Celeron N5095 (FCBGA1338 15W),   
007600    AMD Ryzen R1505G (FP5, 15W),    AMD Ryzen 3 3200U,     AMD Ryzen 3 3250U 
007200    AMD Ryzen 3 2200U (FP5 25W 2c4t),     Intel Core i3-7100T,      
006900    Intel Core i7-6600U,  
006500    Intel Core i7-6500U,     
006200    Intel Core i5-7200U,   
006100    Intel Core i5-6300U,   
006060    Intel Core i5-5257U,   AMD A10-6800B APU,      Intel Core i5-4570T,      
006000    Intel Core i5-6200U,   Intel Core i3-7130U,     
005900    AMD Athlon Silver 3050U,   Intel Xeon X5550,   Intel Core i5-4300M,    
005800    Intel Celeron J4125 (FCBGA1090 15W),   Intel Core i5-3470T,     
005600    Intel Core i5-3360M,    Intel Core i7-3520M,    


005400    AMD PRO A12-9800B 7th Gen APU SoC (FP4 15W), AMD FX-4300 4c, 
005200    AMD PRO A10-8770E,   AMD A10-9700E,   AMD PRO A10-9700B (FP4 15W),   Intel Core i3-4130T,     
005100    AMD RX-427BB (FP3 15W),   AMD A10-9620P,    AMD A12-9720P,    Intel Core i5-5350U,   
005100    AMD A8-5500 (FM2 65W),  AMD A10 PRO-7800B APU    Intel Pentium Silver N5000,    
005100    Intel Core i3-7100U (FCBGA1356 15W),    Intel Core i7-5500U,      Intel Core i3-6100U,     
005000    Intel Core i5-5300U,    Intel Core i5-3320M,     
004900    Intel Core i5-4300U,    Intel Core i5-5200U,     Intel Core i3-4100M,     
004860    Intel Core i7-2620M,    Intel Core i7-2640M,     
004650    Intel Core i5-2520M,    Intel Core i5-3210M,     
004600    AMD PRO A8-9600B,   AMD PRO A12-8830B,  AMD PRO A10-8730B,   AMD A12-9700P,   
004400    AMD A10-8700P A8-8600P,    Intel Core i5-4200U,    Intel Core i5-2540M,   
004000    Intel Core i5-2430M,    AMD PRO A8-8600B
003850    Intel Core i5-2410M,  Intel Core i3-2120 (LGA1155 65W),    
003800    AMD A10-4600M APU,  AMD A10 PRO-7350B APU,   AMD A10-5750M APU,   
003600    AMD A8-6500T APU    AMD A8-7410 APU,   AMD PRO A6-8550B    AMD A8-5550M APU     


003500    AMD GX-424CC SOC (FT3b 25W),   Intel Core i3-4000M,     
003400    AMD A10-7300 APU,    AMD A6-7310 APU,      AMD A8-6410,     AMD A10-5745M APU    
003350    Intel Pentium G2020,   Intel Core i3-3120M,   AMD R-464L APU, 
003300    AMD GX-420CA SOC (FT3 BGA769 25W),    AMD A6-9500E
003200    AMD A6-6310 APU,   AMD A6-6400B APU,    AMD A6-8570E   AMD A8-4500M APU  AMD A6-7400K APU
003000    AMD A8-7150B,     AMD A9-9410 / A9-9425,     AMD A6-8500B (FP4 15W),   AMD A8-7100,    
002900    AMD PRO A6-8530B,   AMD A6-8500P,   AMD A8-3500M APU,  Intel Core i3-2120T,     
002700    AMD Embedded GX-420GI (FP4 15W),   AMD PRO A6-9500B,   AMD GX-415GA, AMD A4-6210 APU, 


002600    AMD A6-9225,   AMD A8-4555M APU,   
002500    AMD A4-5000 APU (FT3 15W),    AMD A6-9220,   AMD A6-3420M APU,  
002450    Intel Celeron 2950M,   Intel Pentium N3700,    Intel Core i3-2350M,     
002400    Intel Celeron N3150,   Intel Core i3-2330M,     
002300    Intel Celeron N3350,   AMD A4-9120,   AMD A4-9125,    Intel Core i3-2310M,
002200    AMD A9-9420e,  AMD A6-5350M APU,  AMD A6 Micro-6500T APU,   AMD E2-6110 APU,   AMD A6-9210, 
002000    AMD GX-412HC,   AMD A4-4300M APU,  AMD A6 PRO-7050B APU,   AMD A6-4400M APU,   AMD A6-7000,    
001925    Intel Core2 Duo E6700,   Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965,   
001750    Intel Core i3-2365M 2375M,    AMD A4-9120C,   Intel Core2 Duo T8300,    AMD E2-3800,   
001600    AMD GX-222GC (BGA769 FT3b 15W),   AMD A4-9120e,  AMD Embedded GX-215JJ,    AMD A4-4355M APU,
001550    Intel Core2 Duo SL9400 T7600 T6600,   AMD E2-3200    AMD A6-9220e 


001500    AMD GX-218GL SOC,    AMD A6-4455M,   AMD A4-5150M APU,   
001400    AMD GX-217GA SOC,
001300    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-64 TL-62,    Intel Core2 Duo T7300,    Intel Core2 Duo T5600,  
001250    AMD GX-412TC SOC,    AMD A4-3320M APU,    AMD Athlon 64 X2 QL-66,     Intel Core2 Duo T7200
001200    AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-57,     AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-60 RM-74,   AMD E1-2500 APU
001150    Intel Core2 Duo T5550,      Intel Core2 Duo L7500 @ 1.60GHz    AMD E2-3000M APU,  
001100    Intel Core2 Duo T5300,      AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800,    Intel Core2 Duo E4300,    
001050    AMD E1-6010 APU
001050    AMD Athlon 64 FX-57,   AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-55,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-52
001000    Intel Core2 Duo T5500,    Intel Core2 Duo L7300,    Intel Core2 Duo SU9400,    
000950    AMD G-T56N,     AMD Athlon 64 3100+,     AMD E2-2000 APU,      
000950    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-50,     AMD E1-2200 APU,     Intel Celeron U3400,     
000925    AMD TurionX2 Dual Core Mobile RM-72,    AMD Sempron 140
000920    Intel Celeron SU2300,     Intel Core2 Duo T5200,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-56
000890    AMD E2-1800 APU,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58


000880    AMD G-T56E,       AMD G-T48E
000860    AMD E-450 APU,    AMD E-350 APU,     AMD Athlon LE-1620     
000820    AMD A4-1250 APU,    AMD Athlon LE-1600
000810    AMD E1-2100 APU,    Intel Core Duo T2500,      
000810    Intel Atom D510,     Intel Core2 Duo U7500,     
000800    AMD Geode NX 2400+,    AMD Turion 64 Mobile ML-42
000760    AMD V140,    AMD E1-1200 APU,    AMD Athlon 64 3300+
000730    Intel Core Duo T2400,   AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-38,    AMD Sempron 3600+,  
000700    Intel Core2 Duo U7600 U7700,    AMD Sempron LE-1200,    AMD V120 
000680    AMD GX-212JC SOC,    AMD E-300 APU,    AMD A4-1200 APU  

  
000670    AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-36 ML-37 ML-40,  Mobile AMD Sempron 3800+
000640    Intel Atom N2600,    Intel Atom N570,     Mobile AMD Athlon 64 3200+
000640    Intel Core Duo T2300,     Intel Core Duo T2050,     
000630    VIA Eden X2 U4200,    AMD Sempron LE-1100,  AMD Sempron 3100+ 3600+, 
000620    AMD C-70 APU,     Intel Atom 330,     AMD G-T40N
000610    Intel Core2 Duo U7300,    AMD Athlon II Neo K125 K145,    
000600    Intel Atom N550,    Intel Pentium 4,   AMD Athlon 64 2800+,   
000580    AMD C-60,   AMD G-T40E,AMD Sempron LE-1250
000530    AMD C-50,    Intel Celeron M 723,     AMD Sempron 210U, 
000490    AMD GX-210JA SOC,    ARM Cortex-A53 4 Core 1000 MHz


000470    Mobile AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile AMD Athlon XP-M 2200+, 
000460    AMD Athlon XP 2500+,      AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile Intel Pentium 4,     
000440    Intel Atom D425,    Intel Atom N470,     
000410    Intel Pentium M,     Intel Celeron M,    AMD Sempron 2300+
000400    Intel Atom N450,   AMD Sempron 2400+
000360    Intel Atom D410,   AMD G-T52R,    AMD C-30,    AMD Sempron 2200+ 
000350    Intel Atom N455,   Intel Atom N280,    Intel Atom N270,     

&lt;/pre&gt;


==References==

{{reflist}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
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      <text bytes="441055" sha1="bubfppfvg2jpwny5459kthjau8s4lh8" xml:space="preserve">=== Recommended hardware ===

While the following sections will give you a good overview of compatibility of AROS with a large number of hardware, this first section will list hardware that is recommended for use with 32-bit versions of AROS.

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

If in future decision will be made to drop any of the recommended hardware from the list (for example due to it no longer being available for purchase), such hardware will move to list of legacy supported systems and will have an indicated end of life date so that users have time to switch to other hardware.

==== Laptops ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ACER Aspire One ZG5 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || {{Yes|ATHEROS}}  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Dell Latitude D520 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|BCM4400}} || {{No|}}  || {{Yes|Atheros AR5BXB63}} || * select Intel Core 2 64-bit version, not Celeron 32-bit version &lt;br/&gt; * replace WiFi card to get wireless working&lt;br/&gt; * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot 
|-
|}

==== Desktop Systems ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Fujitsu Futro S720 || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE || NOT APPLICABLE || * no 2D/3D acceleration&lt;br/&gt; * use USB ports at back
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770T UD3/UD3P || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
| ASUS M2N68-AM SE2 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|NVIDIA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|NVNET}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * connecting a disk via SATA connector is not supported at this time &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add 'noioapic' to grub command line in order to boot &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
|}

==== Legacy supported hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |EOL
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| iMica || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || 2026-12-31 || * add 'noacpi' to grub command line in order to boot
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770 UD3 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || 2026-12-31 || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
|}

=== Laptops ===

The following hardware has been tested with native x86 AROS and any issues have been noted. If you have encountered differently (i.e. problems, incompatibilities, faults, niggles, annoyances, environment, errors, review of setup etc) please update this information. Alternatively, an hosted OS (windows or linux) of AROS would give better results. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


* 2006/2007 Dell Latitude D-series laptops - business class machines, good support in Aros, easy to replace wifi card 
* 2006 some [https://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/laptops-and-netbooks/toshiba-satellite-pro-a200-28550/review Satellite Pro A200] 
* 2008 For the tiny carry anywhere, the early run of Acer Aspire netbooks 


Please bear in mind that AROS has only a few hardware driver developers, whilst Linux counts in the tens and Windows in the hundreds. 
 So consequently, be aware that driver support on native is now a decade behind linux, MacOS(TM) and Windows(TM). 

Rough estimate from taking a random laptop notebook what you can expect from a Native install of AROS 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Date 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Overall 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx VESA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx 2D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx 3D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Before 2002 || Poor to OK || VESA 90% || 2D 10% || {{N/A}} || Audio 10% || 40% || Wired 70% || 2% || Max RAM 512MB 
|-
| 2002-2005 || OK || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 30% || 70% || Wired 50% || 4% || Max RAM 1GB 
|-
| 2005-2010 || Good || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 60% || 80% || Wired 30% || 10% || Max RAM 2 / 4GB 
|-
| 2011-2014 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 20% || 60% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 8GB / 16GB 
|-
| 2015-2017 || Poor || VESA 98% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 20% || 0% || Max RAM 32GB 
|-
| 2018-202x || Poor || VESA 95% || 2D 0% || 3D 0% || Audio 0% || 0% || Wired 10% || 0% || Max RAM 64GB Ryzen 
|-
|}


3D tests now conducted with apps found in Demos/AROS/Mesa and run at default size (may need to View As -&gt; Show All to see them. 

 Any laptop with Windows 7(TM) 64bit or higher install, the bios and hard drive set in uefi/gpt mode (install of AROS incompatible) 

Most vendor suppliers get OEM (original equipment manufacturers) to make their laptops. These brand name companies purchase their laptops from an 
*80% ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) such as Quanta, Compal, Wistron, Inventec, Foxconn (Hon Hai), Flextronics and Asus (now Pegatron) 
*20% MiTAC, FIC, Arima, Uniwill, ECS, Tonfang Origin and Clevo (remaining 20%). 


====Acer/Gateway/Emachines====

Company founded under the name of Multitech in Taiwan in 1976, renamed to Acer or Acer Group in 1987

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Packard Bell 
Aspire 
Extensa 
TimeLine
Travelmate 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Travelmate 505 506 507 508 Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P2 Celeron 466Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neo Magic Magic Graph 128XD (NM2160)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Crystal CS}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 minimal support but no audio etc - 506T, 506DX, 507T, 507DX, 508T 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 340 342 343 345 347 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ALi M1621 with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber 9525 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1969 Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ALi OHCI USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;a few have Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 32bit - 340T, 341T, 342T, 342TV, 343TV, 345T, 347TV 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 350 351 352 353 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber Blade DSTN/Ai1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ali5451}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 1.1 Ali M5237 OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Acer InviLink IEEE 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit very limited support but no support for PCMCIA O2 Micro OZ6933 - 350T, 351TEV, 352TEV, 353TEV 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 610 series 611 612 613 614 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;815 P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 82815 cgc || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 pro || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit - 610TXVi 610T 611TXV 612TX 613TXC 
|-
| Aspire 3003LM || SIS AMD 3000 1.8GHz || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SIS AGP M760GX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 SIS codec}} || 3 USB 2.0 || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One 54g}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 sempron 
|-
| Travelmate 2310 Series ZL6 || Intel Celeron M 360 1.4GHz with SiS 661MX || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SiS Mirage M661MX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|SIS SI7012 AC97 with realtek ALC203 codec speakers only}} ||  || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{N/A|LM version has pci card slot but no antenna}} || Icaros 2.1.1 || 2004 32bit - No USB boot option but boot from DVD - reports of wifi losing connection (isolate/remove the metallic grounding foil ends of the antennas) - 2312LM_L - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3000 3002LMi 3500 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD CPU W-with SIS M760 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SIS 760 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;SIS 900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4318 swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3050 5020 5050 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Single and Turion MK-36 Dual and RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - RS482M Xpress 1100 or RS485M Xpress 1150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC883 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5006G or Broadcom BCM 4318 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit MK36 gets very hot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2410 2420 2430 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel Mobile 915GMS 910GML || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 ICH6 with ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL-8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005GS || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 2428AWXMi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3610 - WISTRON MORAR 3614WLMI || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=644066&amp;postcount=13 AC97]}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139 8139C+}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5001X+, AR5BMB5 or Broadcom 4318}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit with good support [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=6205188#post6205188 wifi issues] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2480 series 2483 WXMi (HannStar J MV4 94V) 2483NWXCi Aspire 3680, 3690 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML i943 with Celeron 430 1.77GHz - 14.1&quot; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D openGL 1.x - Tunnel 181 gearbox 104 scores}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC883 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038 yukon sky2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 5k AR5005G AR5BMB5 mini pci}} suspect laptop hardware issues || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Works well shame about the internet options - noisy fan - poor battery life - no boot option for TI based mass storage sd card - Max 2GB memory - LCD Inverter Board IV12090/T-LF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2490 series 2492WXMi || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 945 2D and 3D tunnel 164 gearbox 105}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5005GS suspect hardware issue}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 15inch screen - strange curved up at ends keyboard style - overall plastic construction - Atheros AR5005G(s) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gateway ML6227B MA7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz with 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM 2D and 3D tunnel 169 gearbox 132}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDA Intel with STAC9250 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|8187L but swap ath5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 ultrabrite widescreen - Wifi Switch on side Fn/F2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5630-6796 6288 BL50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5200 T5500 Intel® Core™2 Duo T7200 T7400 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® GMA 950 with S-Video out}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945abg swap for Atheros 5K}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny AROS || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 - 64bit 39.1 cm (15.4&quot; 1280 x 800) - 2 DDR2-SDRAM slots max 4GB - green mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5633WMLI BL51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5500 with Intel® 945PM/GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia Go 7300}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64 bit dual core2 - 15.4 WXGA screen - ddr2 max 4gb - OrbiCam no support - ENE chipset SD card - blue mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 9410 9420 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core Duo with 945PM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D NVIDIA GeForce Go 7300 - 128 MB VRAM G72M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 8111 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG but could swap with atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 17in TFT 1,440 x 900 WXGA+ - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eMachines E510 series KAL10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M 560 2.13Ghz with PM965  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel x3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5906M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G AR5BXB63 bios issue??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit very budget machine with InsydeH20 bios and F10 boot menu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ACER Aspire 5920 5920G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa Core 2 Duo T7300 T7500 later T9300 with GM965 and PM965(G) Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for X3100M or 8600M GS (rev a1) 9500M GT 256MB vram (G) but some AMD/ATI RV635 M86 HD 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with realtek alc888 codec ICH8}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG 4965 or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood test iso 2023-01 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit boot with 'noacpi' or 'noioapic' - 15.4in 1280 x 800 pixels 16:10 - BMW Designworks ‘Gemstone’ design - over 3.0kg with options for 8-cell or 6-cell batteries - 2 SODIMM DDR2 667MT/s max 4GB - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Extensa 5630Z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T6600 with Intel GL40 Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 4500M HD (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|Broadcom BCM 5764M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{No|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Acer A0521 Ao721 || Athlon II Neo K125 + AMD M880G || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4225 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Conexant}} || {{Maybe}}|| {{no|AR8152 l1c}} || {{no|AR9285 ath9k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || 64bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5250 series 5253 BZ400 BZ602 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA 2D for AMD HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio for codec Conexant CX20584}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR5B97}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5 V5-121 V5121 AO725 One 725 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-70 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA for AMD 6290G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5-122P MS2377 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;C70 with M55, AMD A4-1250 or A6 1450 up to 1.4Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8210 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;FCH USB EHCI OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 but LAN/VGA Combo Port Cable (AK.LAVGCA.001) or MiniCP port to Acer Converter Cable (Mini CP to VGA/LAN/USB) (NP.OTH11.00C) needed}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 26w battery internal, extension possible - 11.6in 1366 x 768 ips touchscreen - 7mm hd ssd - 2gb ddr3l soldered with 1 slot free max 4GB - bios hacking needed for virtualisation - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell EasyNote TE69 TE69KB 522 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow E1-2500, E2-3800 2c2t Dual or A4-5000 4c4t Quad both soldered BGA769 (FT3) on Hudson-2 FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Use IDE mode}} setting AHCI to IDE mode - boots if UEFI set to Legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D for ATI Radeon 8120 8240, 8320 8330 or 8280}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD Azalia HD Audio with ALC282 codec but not HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Bios, Boot, set Boot mode to Legacy, nothing from USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8171 AR8175 or Broadcom BCM57780}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9565 0x1969 0x10a1}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon and AROS One 1.6 usb || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 15.6in washed out screen big netbook - Boots with noacpi after using F2 to enter EFI firmware and f12 boot device - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 16Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASPIRE ES1-523 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD E1-7010, A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC 233 or CX20752 HD AUDIO CODEC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek PCIe GBE Family or Atheros AR8151 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8187 or 8812BU}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 2 ddr3l slots - keyboard connected to top case - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L8400-K Medion MD9467 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel desktop 850MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Savage MX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS allegro 1988}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L2000 L2400 L2D Series Medion 9675 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 4 mobile || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use vesa sis630 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|sis7018}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;sis900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x51R X51RL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Duo T2250 T2330 with RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|boots and detects}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL-8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5006EG AR5111 ath5k AzureWave AW-GE780 - could be ATI Chipset}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2, deadwood 2021,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 15.4 WXGA - 19v barrel - ESC boot select - F2 bios - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus R2H Ultra Mobile PC UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron 900Mhz 910GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4fOrqyj3g boots] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A3 series A3F Ergo Ensis 211 RM || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P-M 1.6GHz to Core Duo with 950 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC655 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100CL 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z33  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 2915ABG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Z33A Z33AE N5M N5A 
|-
| Z70A Z70V Z70Va M6A z7000 z7000a || i915 + ICH6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|mobile 915GML}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ICH6 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001}} || {{no|Intel PRO 2200BG Fn / F2}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2005 32bit 
|-
| [http://www.progweb.com/en/2010/09/linux-sur-un-portable-asus-a6jm/ A6jm] A6JC || 945GM || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia GeForce Go 7600 G70}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8111 8168B}} || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || Icaros  1.2.4 || 2006 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;F3Jc || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;G72M Quadro NVS 110M, GeForce Go 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;D audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X50GL F5GL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5800 with 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2d - Nvidia 8200M G84 runs hot}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio MCP79 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5B91 AW-NE77}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit not much support no display with nouveau - 19v barrel 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS G50 &amp; G51 series G50V G50Vt G51V G51VX G51J G51Jx G50VT X1 X5 ROG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD64 with MCP71 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia GeForce 9800M GS (G94M) up to GT200 [GeForce GTX 260M] (G92M) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros L1C atl1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICaros  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit not all GPUs are failing but a much higher % failing early, 8x00 and 9x00 G84, G86, G92, G94, and G96 series chips dying - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M50V M50 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P8400 or T9400 with Intel PM45 ICH9 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|BIOS set to compatibility IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 9600M GS or 9650M GT || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC663 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5100 or Atheros AR928X}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 15.40 inch 16:10, 1680 x 1050 glossy - the &quot;Infusion&quot; design - heavy 3kg - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series F9 F9E F9dc F9f F9j F9s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC660 playback}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|works}}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 }}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel 3495 not working}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.41 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - small form factor sub notebook, compact 
|-
| P52F SO006X || i3-370M || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia G92 [GeForce 9800 GT] (2D)}} || {{no|Intel HD Audio}} || {{yes|2 USB2.0}} || {{no|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 (l1e)}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
* X53U MB Ver K53U or K52U Asus K53U MB Ver K53U
* A53U XT2 X53B MB ver: K53BY (compal) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow atom like speed E-350 (2011), E-450 (2011) on AMD M780G, much slower C50 (2012), C60 on the AMD A50M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi 6310M, 6320M later 6250M or 6290M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with alc269 codec Altec Lansing® Speakers}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height ar9285 cannot swap with ar5000 mini pci-e as smaller card required}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 and AROS One 1.6 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 5200 or 7800 mAh battery covers ASUS K53S K53E X54C X53S K84L X53SV X54HR K53F X53U laptops - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus K53T, Asus A53Z X53Z
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3305M on AMD M780G, A6-3420M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 6520G, 7670M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - Altec Lansing® Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X55U X401U X501U 1225B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow C60, C70 or E1 1200 E2 1800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6290G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ram soldered -  11.6&quot; display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X102BA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Llano E1 1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ide bios setting}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8180 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit -10.1” Touchscreen - special asus 45w ac adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A43TA A53TA K53TA XE2 A73T || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3300M, A6 3400M (laptop chip) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon HD 6520G Integrated + HD 6470M (1GB GDDR3)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;K55N, K75DE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 4400M A8 4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 7640G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC codec none through ATi Trinity HDMI || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9485 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 17.3-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X452EA X552EA F552E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for AMD ATI Sun XT Radeon HD 8330 8670A 8670M 8690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD FCH Azalia rev 02 with ALC898 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{{Yes|Realtek RTL8111 8168 8411}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit kabini trinity E1 2100 or A4 5000M A8 4500M A10 4600M 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555Y - keyboard from Asus X555B X555D X555L X555S X555U X555Y X555LA fits? silver-colored plastic || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7210 A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-coloured plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS X555Q || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Bristol Ridge A10-9600P 7th Gen, A12-9720p || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R5 + Radeon™ R6 M435DX Dual Graphics with VRAM GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8821AE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - FHD 15.6 1920x1080 - 37W battery internal - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - internal battery - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509ba  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 16Gb - 19VDC 2.37A Max 45W 4.0mm x 1.35mm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509DA M509DJ M509DL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 3 3200U, AMD® Ryzen™ 5 3500U 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for AMD Vega 5 8 or nvidia MX230 MX250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - Transparent Silver Slate Grey - 4 or 8g soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 8g - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== Dell ====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Studio 
Inspiron 
Vostro 
XPS
Alienware  
Precision 
Latitude 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude CP 233GT, CPi d233xt d266xt D300XT a366xt, CPt S400GT S500GT S550GT S600GT S700ST, CPt C333GT C400GT || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Neo magic Magic Media 2160 2360 256ZX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|crystal pnp 4237b or magic media 256zx sound nm2360}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit Low-Density 16-chip 144p 144-pin 32Mx64 3.3V SODIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude CPx H450GT H500GT H Series, CPt V433GT V466GT V600, Inspiron 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX with Pentium 3M (CPx) or Celeron (CPt) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use Vesa - ATi Rage Pro Mobility M1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1978 Maestro 2E Canyon 3D}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|1 slot 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit - 3 pin PA-6 PA6 power adapter plug - CDROM DVD Cxxx family media bay accessories untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C500 C600 (Quanta TM6) Inspiron 4000 7500, CPx J Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440BX ZX/DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage 128Pro Mobility M3 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ES1983S Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A|some models had mini pci e100}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|a few came with internal antenna wiring}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;square 3 pin charger PA9 PA-9 - C/Dock II untested - C/Port untested - Parallel to Floppy cable untested - CPx J600GT J650GT J700GT J750GT J800GT J850GT 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C510 C610 Insprion 4100 PP01L 2600 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i830 and 1GHz+ P3-M ||  &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA - ATI Radeon Mobility M6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 CS4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|3Com Etherlink}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|internal antenna wiring for an Atheros mini pci card}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor build quality - hard to find in good working order 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 830 CGC}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 Crystal 4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|3Com 3c905C TX/TX-M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Slim for the time - no media bays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C640 (Quanta TM8) C840 Inspiron 8k2 8200 i8200 precision m50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M with 845EP || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA if ATi - use nouveau if 64mb Nvidia Gforce 4 440 Go  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS4205 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;3com 905c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;C640 had one fan so was noisy and hot - C840 had 2 fans and ran slightly cooler but fan noise louder
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Latitude D400 || P-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 ide}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|VESA only}} || {{yes|AC97 Audio playback only}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || {{maybe|PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{no|BCM4318 AirForce one 54g replace with atheros 5k mini pci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit might boot from USB stick but won't boot from USB-DVD - no sd card slot - power plug style - 
|-
| Latitude D500 / D505 PP10L, Inspiron 510m 
|| 855GME 
* revA00
* revA03
* revA06
| {{yes|IDE but needs the Dell adapter}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with IDT STAC 9750 codec playback head phones only}} || {{maybe| }} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 but exchange with atheros g in panel on laptop bottom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || 2003 - 14 / 15 inch XGA 4:3 screen - plastic build - no sd card slot - boots from bay optical drive - not powering on/off with ac adapter is a [http://www.geekzone.co.nz/forums.asp?forumid=37&amp;topicid=30585 mobo fault of PC13 SMT 1206 ceramic cap hot] suggest [http://www.die4laser.com/D505fix/ 0.1uF 50V instead] - pc2700 333Mhz ram 1Gb max - 
|-
| Latitude D505 (some) || VIA VT8237 VX700 || {{yes|IDE}} ||  || {{partial|VESA 2d on ATI RV350 Radeon 9550}} || {{no|VIA AC97 with  codec}} || {{maybe|VIA USB glitchy}} || {{yes|VIA VT6102 Rhine-II}} || {{no|Intel 2200g Calexico2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2003 32bit little support - diagnostics pressing holding the Fn key, press the Power ON button (battery removed). Check the LEDs pattern - cmos battery behind flap in laptop battery slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA SIS}}  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 SIS with AD1981B codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|SIS 900 but}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/my-time-with-icaros-desktop-and-what-i-am-doing-as-a-dev-contributor-also-some-other-shit/113358 aremis using it]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1100 PP07L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;845 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 845G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC'97 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 8500 5150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4 855GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia 5200 Go - VESA if intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|MCP AC97 with SigmaTel 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4306 rev 02 use Atheros Mini PCI}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit P4 runs well but hot 
|-
| Latitude X300 PP04S small, slim and light case 
|| 855GME 
* revA00 Intel ULV 1.2 Ghz
* revA01 Intel ULV 1.4Ghz 
| {{yes|IDE internal and will boot cd/dvd through dock PR04S}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with STAC 97xx codec but no audio out of the dock}} || {{maybe|works but dock usb ports and usb DVD PD01S not detected}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5705M gigabit}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 later intel - replace with atheros in the underside}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || 2004 12.1&quot; 1024 x 768 - 19.5v PA-10 or PA-12 dell - ACPI works but bad s3 ram suspend sleep - no sd card boot - 1Gb max sodimm ddr 2700 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) PP05L - 600m 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 
* reva00
* revA01 
* revA02 
* revA03 
* revA04 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATI Radeon RV250 Mobility FireGL 9000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 -  STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2100 or Broadcom BCM4306 - swap for Atheros panel in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1 and 2.1.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14inch using pc2100 memory with Caps light blinking is usually a memory error - Dell D505 D600 power up pressing the case docking port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only vidia NV28 GeForce4 Ti 4200 Go 5200 Go 5650 Go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 - STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306 mini pci - swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14&quot; - solder joints on the bios chip (press down f7/f8 keys) - RAM clean with eraser - memory cover plate maybe apply some pressure - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 (Compal LA-1901) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - trackpoint type pointing device - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 15inch 39cm
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1200 2200 PP10S Latitude 110L m350 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA900 (2D and 3D openGL 1.x) Gearbox 56}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|BroadCom BCM4318 - swap for Atheros mini PCI in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 single core 32bit 14&quot; 4:3 1024 768 XGA screen - heavy 6 lbs - PA16 barrel 19V 3.16A AC adapter - battery life 4cell 29WHr lasts 2 hours - 256mb soldered with 1 ddr pc2100 sodimm 1gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1300 business B130 home PP21L Latitude 120L B120 by Compal - Inspiron 630m || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M360 1.4GHz, M370 1.50 GHz, M380 1.73GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D openGL 1.x tunnel 172 gearbox 70}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|works but waiting boot fail with AROS One usb version}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|intel 2200 or BCM4318 swap for Atheros mini pci underside - one antenna lead for main wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2, AROS One 1.6 usb,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit single core - 14.1″ XGA 4:3 or 15.4&quot; WXGA wide 1280 x 800 matte - ddr2 sodimm ram 2gb max - PA-16 19v psu tip 7.4mm * 5mm - f10 boot select f1 f2 bios 
|-
| Latitude X1 PP05S || PP-M GMA915 rev A00 1.1GHz non-pae || {{yes|ide 1.8in zif/ce under keyboard}} || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|Vesa for Intel 915GM}} || {{yes|AC97 6.6 playback only with STAC codec}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0 but partial boot to blank screen}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard palm rest - disassembly of all laptop}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd iso image virtualbox'd onto usb, Aros One 1.5 and 1.8 usb (2022) || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - sd slot not bootable - 256mb soldered to board and 1 sodimm max 1GB ddr2 under keyboard - F12 bios boot F2 - pa-17 pa17 19v octagonal psu port 
|-
| Latitude D410 PP06S 
*rev A00 
*A01, A02 
*A03 
|| GMA915 1.6GHz Pentium® M 730, 1.7GHz, 750 1.86GHz &amp; 760 2.0GHz, 770 2.13GHz || {{yes|caddy and adapter needed 2.5&quot; - remove hdd and write}} || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|Intel 915GM 2D and 3D OpenGL 1.3 tunnel 170 and gearbox 75}} || {{yes|AC97 playback only with STAC 9751 codec}} || {{maybe|works but will not boot from USB-DVD or AROS One 1.5 usb version}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2915ABG or later 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4, 2.1.1 and AROS One 1.5 usb,  || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - no sd card slot - PR06S dock base 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D510 (Quanta DM1) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM socket 479 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 STAC 975x}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG swap Atheros mini pci in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 14.1&quot; 32bit single core Intel Celeron M 1.6GHz Pentium M 730 1.73Ghz - squarish 3:2 - issues with 3rd party battery 4 quick flashes of red led with 1 final green 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) PP11L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;910GML 915GM with mobile 1.6 to 2.26ghz 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A07 1.73Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D tunnel 174 gearbox 74}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 speaker head phones playback only with stac codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2200BG or Broadcom mini pci under keyboard, swap wifi card for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - one dimm slot under keyboard and other in underside 2GB 533Mhz 667Mhz DDR2 max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) 0C4717 REV A05, 0K3879 REV.A00 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 no radeon 2d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci use Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - 19.5v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D810 (Quanta ) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 RV370 M22 later x600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 stereo playback only idt 9751 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0 but no boot from usb on 1.5}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1, aros one 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 15.4&quot; F12 one time boot menu - 19.5v 90w psu ideal - battery not same as later dx20 ones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Studio XPS M1210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia G72M 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92xx || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 - swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspirion E1705 9200 9300 9400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 6800, ati X300 or nVidia 7900GS gpu 3d corrupt || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 increasing vertical lines issues]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1501 PP23LA Latitude 131L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD on ATI RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - ATI 1150 (x300) RS482M Mobility Radeon Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with stac 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom bcm 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bcm4311 replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit 15.4 inch Matt 16:10, 1280x800 pixel, WXGA TFT Display - first Dell AMD machine - Sempron 1.8GHz Turion MK-36 or X2 1.6Ghz TL-50 or TL-56 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6000 6400, E1505 PP20L, 9300, 9200 PP14L 
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with PM 1.73Ghz, T2050 or T2060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d - Ati 9700, x1300 RV515 M52, x1400 or nvidia go 7300 on mxm board}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio IDT 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|usb boot }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 3945 - swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1, AROS One 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit but - 15.4 inch glossy - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots - broadcom bcm92045 bluetooth detected but no support - 19.5v dell psu socket - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6400 (Quanta FM1)
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo  
*A08 Core2 Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with BGA479 (socket M) T2050 1.6Ghz, T2060 1.60Ghz, T2080 1.73Ghz much later T5500 1.66Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with IDT 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;deadwood 2019-04-16 iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4&quot; glossy - sd card - front multimedia keys - dvd rw - generic dell keyboard - coin cr2032 bios battery under keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 640m PP19L XPS M140 e1405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo T2050, T2300 Duo 1.83GHz T2400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or Broadcom 43xx, swap for Atheros 5k - Wireless Internet ON or OFF press the Function key + F2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit - 12.1 LCD CCFL WXGA 1280x800 up to 14.1 inch 16:10 1440x900 pixel, WXGA+ UltraSharp - supports also SSE3 on duos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M65 M90 XPS M1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM with T2600 T2700 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro FX 350M 1600M 1500M G71 on par with the Go7900 GS to GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5752 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4311 BCM4328 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 17&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen manufactured by AU Optronics poor viewing angles, unevenly lit, light leakage 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D420 (Compal LA-3071P) PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 
* revA00 Solo 1.2Ghz ULV U1400
* revA01 Duo 1.06Ghz u2500
* revA02 Duo 1.2Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|ZIF/CE 1.8&quot; slow under battery, ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - 2D and 3D opengl tunnel 138 gearbox 103}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92xx playback speakers head phones only)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 and external usb optical drive works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 mini pcie - swap Atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros Desktop 1.4 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit only - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 - PR09S dock base rev02 DVD-RW usb boots - 1GB DDR2 2Rx16 max in base panel - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D520 PP17L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
* 64bit rev A01, A02 945GM Core2 Duo 1.83Ghz to 2.3Ghz 
* 32bit rev A00, A01 940GML Solo later Duo T2400  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || {{Yes|bios sata set to ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 series 2D and OpenGL1 3D tunnel 210 gearbox 153 teapot 27}} || {{Yes|HD audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || {{Yes|Boots and detects USB2.0}} || {{Yes|Broadcom 4400}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4312 BCM4321 Dell 1390 / 1490 mini pcie - easy to replace with atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4 and 2.2 and AROS One usb 1.8 and grub boot add 'noacpi' || 2006 mostly 64bit 4:3 aspect ratio 14.1 (XGA 1024x768) or later 15 inches (XGA+ 1400 by 1050) - F2 enter bios F12 choose boot - 19.5v dell tip pa-12 charger - bios battery socketed - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 (Compal LA-2792) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 
* rev A00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* rev A0x all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D tunnel gearbox opengl1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 mini pcie swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS Xenon || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit AROS capable with later revisions - 14&quot; 1280 x 800 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i945
* revA00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* revA01 all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300, 7600 NVS 110M G72 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{dunno}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1440x900 screen - LA-2792P Rev.2.0 - DT785 UC218 Fan/ Heatsink (64bit) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM6) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* rev A00 
* rev A01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D tunnel 195 - 100? gearbox 156}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with STAC 9200 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 replace with mini pcie atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 widescreen 15 inch 1280 x 800 matte -  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia NVS 110M 120M G72}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio STAC 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;15.4 1650x1050 WXGA or WSXGA+ or 1920x1200 WUXGA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude D531 15&quot; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Turion X2 TL56 or TL60 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATi xpress X1270}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with IDT codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 57xx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Dell Wireless 1390, 1505 or BCM4311 mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - no trackpoint - fails and goes wrong often - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D430 PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Core2 Duo C2D U7500 1.06GHz U7600 1.2GHz U7700 1.33GHz 
* rev A00 
* rev A01  
* rev A02 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;ZIF PATA IDE 1.8inch under battery and ribbon cable - slow use USB instead || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|945GML 2D and 3D opengl 1.x 171 tunnel 105 gearbox}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|STAC 92xx HD Audio speaker and ear phone - mono speaker}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 4965 AGN or 3945 ABG mini pci-e underside with Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit capable - sd card not supported - 19.5v PA12 power adapter - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 matte - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|nVidia Quadro NVS 135M 2D 3d glitches G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] cool air intake from underneath needed with pa-10 or pa-3e 90w psu required - standard 4:3 ratio aspect screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 (Compal LA-3301P) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 T7250 2.0Ghz T7300 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA X3100 (2D only, no external monitor)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio STAC 9205 but speaker and head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with pci-e Atheros 5k under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - F12 to choose boot option - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - 4400mah 48Wh battery lasts 2 hours - 6600mah 73Wh lasts just over 3 hours 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 
* revA00 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 ] GPU heatpad, no copper 
* revA01 0DT785 heatsink 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA as nVidia NVS 135M 3d corrupts 0.7 tunnel 0.25 gearbox G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM with Core2 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GM965 crestline 2d and 3d tunnel 115}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|replace with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 15 inch 1280 x 900 but updating the LCD to WXGA or WSXGA+ could be better - 2 ddr2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ICH8, Core2 DUO T7800 @ 2.60GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Intel ICH8M Serial ATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro NVS 140M G86 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Wireless 4965AGN swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.&quot; - FN,F2 or FN,F8 or FN,F12 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1330  M1530  M1730 - WISTRON Hawke || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Intel 965 with either Nvidia 8400M 8600M 8700M or 8800GT G84 G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio STAC 9228 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Marvell 88E8040 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Did not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2300 M4300 M6300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA nVidia Quadro FX 360M (8400GS) 3600M 3500M 2500M G86 to G92}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG 4965 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1310 1510 (Compal LA-4592P) 1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo T7600 or Celeron 540 GMA965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC268 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 4965 swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit Celeron 540 added 64 bit support (doubling transistor count) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 (Compal LA-4671P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 or Dell Wireless 1397}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 up to 17 inch with 13.3 inch WXGA Anti-Glare matt or glossy LED Display (1280 x 800) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 1320 1520 (Compal LA-4592P) 1720 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvdia 9300m to 9600M GS G96 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC268 or IDT 92HD8X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 15.4” screen Vostro 1520 with excessive heat buildup on the left hand side palm rest 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Precision M2400 M4400 M6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA 2d for nVidia Quadro FX 770M G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205  head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 14&quot;  15.6&quot;  17&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1525 PP29L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo or Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit much later 64bit 15.4&quot; 1200 x 800 - 19.5v dell psu -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1545 PP41L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4500MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD71B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 15.6&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo U9400 U9300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;64gig ssd with ribbon cable || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GM45 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 71B7X codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; NEC uPD720202 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82567LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4322 or Intel’s 5100 or 5300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64 - 12.1in 1,280 x 800 poor color accuracy magnesium alloy body - easily replaced keyboard - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - Microdia cam - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E5400 E5500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio but no sound}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM5761e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E4300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P9400 2.4GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 4500 MHD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HDxxx || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82567LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 5300 AGN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 13.3&quot; WXGA - sd card Broadcom BCM5880 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lattitude E6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo P9500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M HD 2D with NVIDIA QUADRO NVS 160M G98}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with IDT 92HD71 codec or later 92HDM61}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM4312 or Intel 5300 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 early ones problems with the keyboard ribbon cable connector, trackpoints were not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latittude E4310 E5410 ATG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 5 series Intel Core i5 560M 1st gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA HD 5700 mhd || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with IDT 92HDxx Codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82577LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 too small 30x30 to swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64Bit clarkdale codename CPUs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E6410 E6510 E6310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i7 620M i7 820QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|NVidia NVS 3100M GT218 2D but 3D through external monitor}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio IDT 92HD81}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel 6200AGN or Link 6300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5030 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;rev A01 AMD V120, V140 rev A0? V160 M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA RS880M Radeon HD 4225, 4250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC269q codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - DDR3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1546 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4330M 530v || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 91HD81 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8103EL-GR || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6&quot; - alps touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS 15 15Z L501X L502X 17 17Z L701X L702X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i7 840QM to i7 2630QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 3000 with Nvidia 555, 525M, 540M, 555M or 435M 420M GF108M optimus || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit first models not Sandybridge but later are - 17.3-inch 1600 × 900 to 15.6-inch - not many working now 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E6420 E6520 ATG semi ruggized XFR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;sandy bridge i5 2520M 2540M or duo I7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;set to Bios UEFI mode AHCI || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD 3000 with optional fermi Nvidia NVS 4200M GF119}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio no playback - IDT 92HD90 BXX codec or HDMI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit very little total support - fan exhausts a lot of hot air when cpu taxed - VGA if Bios ATA set and Vesa only with Bios ACHI set - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5040 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow amd E450, later C50 or C60 with A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;non efi sata in IDE mode but base plastic difficult to remove for access || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6250 or 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8105E VB 10/100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285 no space for swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.1.1 and AROS USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 15INCH 1388 X 768 - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - under removable keyboard via 4 top spring loaded catches is 1 ddr3l sodimm max 8gb and wifi - 
|-
| Latitude e6230 E6330 E6430 || i3 3320M 3350M 2.8 GHz i5 3360M i7 3520M || {{N/A}} || {{partial|non RAID mode}} || {{partial|Intel HD 4000 (VESA only)}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{partial|Intel USB 3.0 (USB 1.1 2.0 only)}} || {{No|Intel 82579LM Gigabit}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014 09-27 || 2013 64bit Ivy Bridge - 12.5-inch 13.3-inch 14-inch screen - not great support, better under hosted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15 3521 5521 5721, Vostro 3555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 i7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4000 or Radeon 8730M or 7670M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC850 ??  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8105E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros or Dell 1703 1704 1705}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit Panther Point Ivy Bridge Intel(R) 7 Series Mobile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15‑3541 15‑3542 P40F001 P40F002 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1 2100 6010 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Inspiron 15 5565 5567 AMD versions || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9200u A9-9400 A12-9700P Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R5 R8 GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - there are i-intel versions - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 3505 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204, Cirrus Logic CS8409 (CS42L42 and SN005825)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8106E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64-bit - 15.6 - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;|-
|}

====Fujitsu-Siemens====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest)
&lt;pre &gt;
Amilo 
Esprimo 
Lifebook 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu [http://www.labri.fr/perso/fleury/index.php?page=bug_transmeta FMV-Biblo Loox S73A (Japan P1100) LifeBook P1120 Biblo Loox T93C (Japan P2120) P2020] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Transmeta Crusoe CPU TM5600 633MHz with Ali M1535 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Rage Mobility M with 4MB SDRAM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Ali M1535 + STAC9723 Codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 only || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1999 32bit 10&quot; 1280 x 600 matte LCD - QuickPoint IV mouse - metal chassis with palm rest plastic - 15GB 2.5 inch drive and SR 8175 8X DVD-ROM drive -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7000 S7010 S7010D S2020 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.6 or 1.7GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Intel 855}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|AC97 with STAC 9751T or 9767 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros, Broadcom or Intel 2200BG - FN,F10}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;14.1 inch with minimal support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook e8010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 855GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 STAC9767 or ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom NetXtreme BCM5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.1 inch
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5000 ST5010 ST5011 ST5012 ST5020 ST5021 ST5022 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.0GHz P-M and later 1.1GHz on Intel 855GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5788 tg3 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 16V 3.75A with wacom serial pen interface - indoor Screen transmissive 10.1 and later 12.1 XGA TFT - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Pro V2010  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA CN400 PM880 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|S3 unichrome use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 VT8237 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rhine 6102 6103 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RaLink RT2500 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boot mount - unknown bootstrap error then crashes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Li 1705 CN896 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with VIA P4M900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA VT8237 HD Audio  with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;VT82xx 62xx || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|VIA Rhine}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;random freezes
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Esprimo Mobile V5535 Skt mPGA 478MN 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE and EIDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{maybe|IDE mode with SIS 5513}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{maybe|SiS 771 / 671 (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HD Audio SIS968 SIS966 SI7012 with ALC268 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{no|USB 1.1 and 2.0 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|SiS 191 gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros AR5001 mini pci express}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.5 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 20v barrel - f2 setup f12 multi boot - random freezing short time after booting - chipset SIS 671MX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo SI 1520 1521p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Pro 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some support but Set Bios option ATA Control Mode to Compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7020 S7020D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Pentium M 740 1.73MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC260 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5751M Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG or Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5030 ST5031 ST5032 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1 to 1.2GHx Pentium M with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - 200 pin ddr2 ram 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5110 ST5111 ST5112 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 1.2GHz Core Duo and Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with STAC9228 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 ABG or optional atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;either 32 or 64 bit - charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - SigmaTel® touchscreen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E8110 S7110 E8210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC262 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8055 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit Core Duo 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || CHIPSET || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook PH521 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-350 E-450 1.65GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 6310M 6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 802.11 bgn}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 11.6 inch 1366x768 pixels - DDR3 1066MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====HP Compaq====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
Presario 
Pavilion 
Omnibook 
ProBook
Armada
Elitebook
&lt;/pre &gt;


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c00 series Compaq Presario  [http://users.utu.fi/sjsepp/linuxcompaqarmada100s.html Armada 100S made by Mitac], 1247 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-II with PE133 MVP-4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - Trident Blade3D AGP sp16953 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA ac'97 audio [rev20] with AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|usual VIA issues [rev10]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 192MB max - PCcard Texas PC1211 no support - 1200 XL1 1200-XL1xx, XL101, XL103 XL105 XL106 XL109 XL110 XL111 XL116  XL118 XL119 XL125 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c01 series Armada 110, Evo N150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with VIA PLE133 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Trident Cyber Blade i1 chipset || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 686 rev20 82xxx 686a || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82557 Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;max 192mb sodimm 100Mhz 133Mhz ram memory - 1200-XL405A 12XL405A XL502A 12XL502A 1600XL 
|-
| Armada M300 M700 E500 || 440BX || {{Yes| }} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ATI Rage LT M1 Mobility (VESA only)}} || {{no|AC97 ESS Maestro 2E M2E ES1987 sound}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{No|[http://perho.org/stuff/m300/index_en.html Intel PRO 100+ Mini PCI]}} || {{N/A}} || Aspire OS 2012, Nightly 30-01 2013 and 04-05 2013 || a little support via F10 bios options and Fn+F11 reset CMOS with 64mb ram already on board
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel BX 600Mhz GC model 256mb or AMD GD 500Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - S3 Inc. 86C270 294 Savage IX-MV (rev 11) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Allegro 1 (rev 12)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel 82371AB PIIX4 USB (rev 01) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit no cardbus pcmcia support - no audio from Polk Audio Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82830 ICH3 P3-M 750MHz 800Mhz 900MHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - CGC 830MG}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|only one 1.1 port}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|e100 82557}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.51 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Boots USB Stick via Plop boot floppy - Memory for GF 256-512mb, GS up 1GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1000 TC-1000 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA NV11 [GeForce2 Go] (rev b2) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA AC97 Audio (rev 50) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OHCI NEC USB 2.0 (rev 02) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82551 QM (rev 10) || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atmel at76c506 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Transmeta LongRun (rev 03)  with VT82C686 - Texas Instruments TI PCI1520 PC card Cardbus 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq R3000 ZV5000 (Compal LA-1851) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nForce 3 with AMD CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia  NV17 [GeForce4 420 Go 32M]  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Realtek RTL8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4303 BCM4306 or Atheros bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Some laptops, especially HPs have a setting to automatically disable wireless if a wired connection is detected 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq [http://www.walterswebsite.us/drivers.htm Presario 700 series] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VT8363 VT8365 [Apollo Pro KT133 KM133] || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VT8636A (S3 Savage TwisterK) (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA AC97 [rev50] with AD1886 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|VIA UHCI USB 1.1 [rev1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RealTek RTL8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor consumer grade level construction - jbl audio pro speakers - no support for cardbus pcmcia TI PCI1410 - 700A EA LA UK US Z 701AP EA BR FR 701Z 702US 703US AP JP audio sp18895 Sp19472 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| N400c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Rage Mobility 128 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Maestro 3 allegro 1}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| N410c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Radeon Mobility M7 LW 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| Evo N600c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{No|ESS ES1968 Maestro 2}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Evo N610c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel ICH AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| N800c || P4 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || P4M CPU can get very warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NX7010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI mobility 7500 or 9000 Radeon 9200 64MB (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ADI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci (1.1) and ehci (2.0)}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200b bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Preasrio V5000 (Compal LA-2771) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 3000+ or Turion ML with SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati RS480M Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 ATI with Conexant CX 20468 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8100 8101L 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bcm4318 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit single core machine V5001 V5002 V5002EA V5003 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1100 TC-1100 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia Geforce4 Go || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|BCM 4400}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros wlan W400 W500 or ? bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC6000 NC8000 NW8000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM with Pentium M 1.5 1.6 1.8GHz 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;max 160 GB for NW 8000 || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Ati RV350 mobility 9600 M10 Fire GL T2 ISV use VESA 2D as no laptop display}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel AC97 with ADI codec playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|mini pci Atheros 5212 BG W400 W500 or Intel - all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 based [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=41916&amp;forum=47 works] - Firewire TI TSB43AB22/A - 8 pound 2.5 kg travel weight - an SD slot as well as two PC Card slots - 15-inch UXGA screen (1,600 x 1,200) or 15&quot; SXGA+ (1400 x 1050) (4:3 ratio)  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq NC6110 NX6110 NC6120 NC6220 NC4200 NC8200 TC4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 915GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D GMA 900}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 with ADI AD1981B playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|440x or BCM 5705M or 5751M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel IPW 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Sonoma based - Wifi with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB one - (INVENTEC ASPEN UMA MV) (INVENTEC ASPEN DIS PV) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq C500 CTO aka HP G7000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek ALC262 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM 4311 bios locked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 91B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel PRO 100 VE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32 bit only - Mosfet FDS6679 common cause of shorts giving no power to the tip. To reset adapter, unplug from AC (mains) and wait 15-30 sec. Then plug in again - 
|-
| Presario F700 series, HP G6000 f730us F750 F750us F755US F756NR F765em || AMD Turion Mono MK-36 2.0Ghz NForce 560m or Twin X2 TK-55 with nForce 610m MCP67 || {{N/A| }} || {{Yes|but needs special sata adapt bit and caddy}} || {{Yes|GF Go 7000m 2D and 3D 640x350 to 1280x800 - ball solder issues due to poor cooling}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{Maybe|uhci and ehci boots}} || {{No|Nvidia }} || {{Yes|Atheros AR5007 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.3.1 and Aros One 1.6 USB || 2006 64bit - f9 boot device f10 bios setup - random freezes after a minutes use means internal ventilation maintenance needed each year essential - No sd card and overall limited phoenix bios options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Presario v6604au v6608au V3500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA MCP67M with AMD Athlon64 X2 TK 55 amd 1.8ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce Go 7150M 630i or C67 630M MCP67 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia or Realtek 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4311 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers - ball solder issues - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario v6610 v6615eo v6620us || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Turion 64 X2 mobile TK-55 / 1.8 GHz to athlon 64x2 @ 2.4ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|geforce 7150 or 7300m 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD HD Audio with IDT codec stereo playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 OHCI EHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 -  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=40956&amp;forum=48 works well]  - 1 x ExpressCard/54 - SD Card slot - AO4407 test voltage of the Drain side (pins 5-8) with AC adapter and no battery, see 0 volts, connect the battery you should have 10-14v - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;v6630em v6642em || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630M with AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 6150M or 7150M  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15.4 in 1280 x 800 ( WXGA ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM Core Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D issues and no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio AD1981HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 - replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB g - 
* 32bit Core Duo T2400 
* 64bit Core 2 Duo T5600 T7600 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NV NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo + 945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Radeon x1300M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ADI1981 low volume}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 Harmon Kardon speakers
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6320 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 
* 32bit Core Duo 1.83GHz T2400 
* 64bit Core2 Duo 1.83GHz T5600 
 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950 2D with a little 3D tunnel 213}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with AD1981HD codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5788}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if applying hacked wifi bios RISKY!! else use USB - 14.1&quot; or 15 inch XGA 1024x768 - noisy cpu fan for core2 - trackpad rhs acts as window scroller - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP NC4400 TC4400 Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo with 82945 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios F.07 limits to 100GB 120GB}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|2D and 3D 282 tunnel and gearbox 150}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ADI 1981HD codec via ear phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or BCM 4306 - Whitelist BIOS F.0C needed but risky}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64 bit possible with Core2 - TI SD card reader non bootable - wacom serial digitiser pen not working - 
* 32bit 1.86GHz core duo 
* 64bit 2Ghz T7200, 2.16Ghz Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33GHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion DV2000 CTO || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950, X3100, Nvidia 8400M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Conexant CX 20549 Venice || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia MCP51 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 4311 or Intel 3945 4965 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006  Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario C700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5007 AR5001 AR242x}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq 2510p 6510b 6710b 6910b || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 965GM GL960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|  || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X3100 some 2d but slow software 3d only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio ADI AD1981 HD low volume on head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566 or Broadcom BCM 5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG or 4965ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon 2014 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;no sd card boot support - F9 to choose boot option - [http://forums.mydigitallife.info/threads/7681-This-is-no-request-thread!-HP-COMPAQ-bioses-how-to-modify-the-bios/page111?p=333358#post333358 whitelist removal (risky) bios block for wifi card swap] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ40 CQ41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BC4310 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ35 CQ36 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Compal LA-4743P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq CQ42 CQ43 CQ45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Coxenant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8191SE, Realtek 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; (Quanta AX1) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ50 CQ56 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia MCP78S || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Geforce 8200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;nVidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;nvidia MCP77 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR928X bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 [http://donovan6000.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/insyde-bios-modding-wifi-and-wwan-whitelists.html bios modding risky] MCP72XE MCP72P MCP78U MCP78S 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion dv4 dv4z(AMD), dv5 (dv5z AMD), dv7 (dv7z AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QL-60, QL-62 (AMD Turion 64 X2) RM-70, RM-72, ZM-80, ZM-84, (AMD Turion II) M520 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 3200 3450 4530 4550 4650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit - 14.1&quot; dv4, dv5 features a 15.4&quot; and the HP Pavilion dv7 a 17&quot; display
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ57z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATi HD 6310 wrestler}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101 RTL8102 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT5390}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP CQ58z 103SA E5K15EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD Dual-Core E1-1500 APU with A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon HD 7310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 10/100 BASE-T}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 39.6 cm (15.6&quot;) HD BrightView LED-backlit (1366 x 768)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 635 DM1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-300, E-450 later E2-1800 on SB7x0 SB8x0 SB9x0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;ATI non efi SATA AHCI - IDE mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D - AMD HD6310, 6320 to HD7340}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC270A GR but not Wrestler HDMI Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 driver covers Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 - f9 f10 - external battery - 2 stacked ddr3l sodimm slots max 16Gb under one base plate - removable keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP G6 2000-2b10NR 2000-2d10SX 2000-2d80NR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-2000 E2-3000M on A50M (soldered) A4-3305A on A60M (socket) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6620G, 6520G, 6480G, 6380G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 100 1000 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 39.6-cm (15.6-in) HD LED BrightView (1366×768) - 1 or 2 ddr3l max 8G - 19VDC 3.42A Max 65W Tip 7.4mm x 5.0mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6465B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3310MX or A6-3410MX with A60M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6480G or 6520G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|IDT 92HD81B1X}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 6205 or broadcom 4313 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit 13-inch or 14-inch runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6475b, Probook 4445s 4545s, HP Pavilion 15-b115sa, [https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c04015674#AbT6 HP mt41 Mobile Thin Client PC] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4 4300M, A6 4400M 4455M or A8 4500M with AMD A70M A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420 7520G 7640G 7660G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with idt or realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8151FH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205 or Broadcom BCM 43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit 15.6-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 455 G1 F2P93UT#ABA, 645 G1, Envy 15-j151ea G7V80EA, Envy m6-1310sa (E4R01EA#ABU) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Quad A4-4300M A8-4500M A10-4600M A4-5150M A6-5350M 2.9Ghz A10-5750M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420G 7520G 7640G 7660G 8350G 8450G or 8550G, 8650G, 8750G }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio IDT 92HD91 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14in and 15in 1366 x 768 - external battery - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - 19.5v / 4.62A psu runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 245 G4, 255 G1, 255 G2, 455 G2, 255 G3, 255 G4 80CB, 255 G5 82F6, 355 G2, HP Pavilion 15-p038na 15-g092sa 15-p091sa 15-G094S 15-p144na 15-p142na, 15-Af156sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD A4-5000 A6-5200, E2-6110, E1-6010 E2-2000, E1-2100 E2-3800, A4-6210 A6-6310 A8-6410, E2-7110, A6-7310 A8-7410 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC3201-GR || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8102E or Atheros 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6-inch (1366 x 768) - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - small 31Whr or 41Whr external battery covers 240 G4, 245 G4, 250 G4, 255 G4, 256 G4, 14G, 15G - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 g2, Probook 445 G2, Probook 245 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8600 A8-8700 a10- || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I219V 100/1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in and 15.6-inch HD (1366 x 768) or FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16GB - internal battery - hp ac psu tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G2, 745 G2, 755 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd Quad A6-7050B A8-7150B 1.9GHz A10-7350B || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R4 R5 Radeon R6 with DP and vga}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT 92HD91}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 PCIe GBE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom or Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch, 14&quot; or 15.6in (all 1366 x 768) - 19.5V 65w 45W AC adapter - internal pull up tab battery under base which slides off - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G3, 745 G3, 755 G3, 725 G4, 745 G4, 755 G4, HP mt43 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd A8-8600B, A10-8700B, A12-8800B to Quad A8 Pro 9600B to A10 9800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R5 R6 R7 with DP and vga but screen is low res, dull colours, and blurry}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5762 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BE-VB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5-inch (1366 x 768) to 14&quot; and 15.6in - 2 sodimm ddr3 - 19.5V 45W AC slim 4.5mm hp adapter - randomly shuts down and the noisy fans constantly on - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G3, 655 G3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8th Gen A10-8730B, A8-9600B (4c4t) A6-8530B (2c2t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111HSH || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G4, Probook 455 G5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-9600P APU, A9-9410, A6-9210 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4, R5 or R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;realtek or intel Wireless-AC 7265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220, 9125 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV or RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 31Whr external battery covers HP 240 G6, 245 G6, 246 G6, 250 G6, 255 G6, HP 14-BS, HP 14-BW, HP 15-BS - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ProBook 245 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range all dual cores - AMD A6-9225 APU, AMD A4-9125 APU, AMD PRO A6-8350B APU, AMD PRO A4-5350B APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R4 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - many variants - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Pavilion 15z bw0xxx, 15-bw024na 15-ba506na, 15-bw060na 15-DB0521SA, HP Envy x360 15-ar052sa 2 in 1,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9420 2c 2t, A10-9620p 4c4t 9700p 7th Gen Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p - internal battery - 19.5V 2.31A hp plug - 1 DDR4-1866 SDRAM sodimm slot - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 725 G5, 735 G5, 745 G5, 755 G5, Probook 455 G6, 255 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata or NVMe and/or 2.5in sata if detachable ribbon cable present || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8 i.e. GCN 5 with VCN 1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek or rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in up to 1080p - internal battery - 1 (smaller laptops) or 2 ddr4 sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - probook case extra screws under 2 rubber strips - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - esc bios setup f9 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Envy x360 15-bq150sa, Envy x360 covertible 13 13-ag0xxx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek, none on 13in}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 13 or 15.6in 1080p - hp barrel or usb-c on 13in - ddr4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-cm, 15-bw0, HP 15-db0043na, HP 15-db0996na, HP 15-db0997na, 17-ca0007na, 17-ca1, ProBook 645 G4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2200U (2c 4t) 2500U (4c 8t) with AMD Carrizo FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 and 1 2.5in on some larger models || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 and later Vega 3 or 7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3227 and ATI HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 USB boot drive stuck on kitty's eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL 8723DE 8821 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 2kg - screen is dim 14in, 15.6in or 17.3&quot; 1366 x 768, later 1080p - 65W 19.5V ac adapter - internal 3-cell 41 Wh Li-ion battery does not last long - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - no DVD-Writer - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c06955717 ProBook 245 g8], HP 255 G7, HP14-dk0599sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Range mostly dual cores - AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c 2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c 2t), Pro 3145U APU to 3200U (2c 4t) and 3500U (4c 8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 NVMe 2280 but usually no 2.5in mountings || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 but no usb-c}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - many lesser variants - plastic build - 14in / 15.6in dim panel TN Full HD - one heatpipe for cpu - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 735 G6 5VA23AV, Elitebook 745 G6, 255 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 5-3500U Ryzen 3-3300U AMD Ryzen 3-3250U AMD Athlon® Gold 3150U AMD Athlon Silver 3050U AMD 3020e || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|m.2 2280 nvme in legacy - hp sure start and secure boot disabled but still issues with gpt installs}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 8, 5 or 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3 type-A port boots stick partially to kitty eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 realtek RTL8111E or 8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek or intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|Icaros 2.3 onto USB and AROS One 1.8 and 2.0 USB}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 1366x768 to 1920x1080 - 2 3200MHz DDR4 sodimms - 19.5V 2.31A or 20V 2.25 45W 4.5X3.0MM hp - esc bios setup, f9 boot device select - low travel keyboard - poor battery life - plastic hooked base with retained screws - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Envy x360 13 laptop and 13 and 15.6' 2 in 1 convertible || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R5 4500U with carrizo FCH51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek wifi 6 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 13.3in or 15.6in IPS 1080p - ram soldered - touch pen not supplied - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 4300U 5 4500U 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata and 1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl169 realtek rtl8111ep || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek RTL8822CE or intel AC 9260 or Wi-Fi 6 AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 inch 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - smart 45w 65w hp usbc ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 745 G7, 845 G7, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5, PRO 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit -  Bang &amp; Olufsen speakers - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G8, HP 245 G9 Laptop || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 5425U, 5 5500U 5625U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6 or 8 hdmi 1.4B}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 1GBe}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822CE or Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14&quot; to 15.6in 1366 x 768 to 1080p poor gamut - 45 or 65w hp psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16GB - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 645 g7, 835 G8, 845 g8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5650U, R7 Pro 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1Gbe on 645 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 13.3&quot; or 14&quot; 1080p - poor screens low nits and srgb score - 845 gets hot poor cooling - slim round ac -  keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Dev One || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R7 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 internal sodimm slots - hp barrel ac - good repairability - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 845 g9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;aMD 6000 series 6850u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 680m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB4 thunderbolt type}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Qualcomm Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit aluminum case - 14in 1080p to 2140p 16:10 poor screen again - 2 internal ddr5 sodimm slots - usb-c ac - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====IBM/Lenovo====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
iSeries
Edge 
Ideapad
Thinkpad - good cases and construction but electronic internals same as anyone else 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 390X 390E (2626) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic MM2200 with C400 P2-266 to P3 500MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|256AV or ESS Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 600x || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neomagic NM2360 MagicMedia 256ZX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Crystal CS4297A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit a little support - earlier 600 and 600e were Pentium 2 based 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X20 (2662-32U) X21 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440 BX ZX DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 with Cirrus Logic Crystal cs4281}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;no mini pci intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T20 (2647) T21 (26) T22 || 440BX || {{Maybe| }} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|Savage IX-MV (VESA only)}} || {{no|Cirrus Logic CS 4614/22/ 24/30}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || a little support - no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A21e (2628, 2655) A22e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440MX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati rage mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 Cs4299 CS4229}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 
|-
| Thinkpad T23 (2647) || i810 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Super Savage IX/C SDR (VESA only)}} || {{maybe|AC'97 CS4299}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel ICH3 PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Realtek RTL8180L others with bios hacking risky}} || || 2003 32bit with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X22 X23 X24 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi Mobility M6 LY || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 CS4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Actiontec Harris Semi Intersil Prism 2.5 (X23 and X24 only) || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;with slice Ultrabase X2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A30 A30p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon M6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS 4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 ve || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A31 A31p R31 R32 T30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7500 or FireGL || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 Intel with AD1881A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes| Intel Pro 100 ve}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Android-Ecosystem-Developers/AROS-An-operation-system-inside-Android/td-p/1441741 Icaros 1.5.2] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Also tested with Icaros 2.0.3. 
|-
| Thinkpad X30 (2673) X31 (2884-xx2) X31t || i830 || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only Radeon M6 Mobility}} || {{yes|AC97 - AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{no|Cisco Aironet or Intel 2915 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 1.4 || sound bit distorted 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R50e R51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 855M use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;intel AC97 with AD1981B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - 
|-
| IBM Thinkpad T40 (2373) T41 T41p (2379) T42 T42p T43 T43p || Intel 8xx || {{partial|PIO}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI mobility 7500 9000 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 playback}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{no|e1000}} || {{Maybe|Intel 2200bg bios locked but possible AR5BMB-44 AR5212 FRU 39T0081 mini PCI}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2004 32bit 16v IBM plug - Centrino Needs ATA=nodma option - issues with the inner chip of the SMT BGA graphics chip 
|-
| Thinkpad X32 || i855 || {{yes|40, 60 or 80GB 2.5&quot; PATA HDD}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only ATI Mobility Radeon 7000 with 16MB}} || {{maybe| Intel AC'97 Audio with a AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Intel 1000}} || {{no|Intel 2200 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 2.1 || 2004 32bit - 12.1&quot; TFT display with 1024x768 resolution; 256 or 512MB PC2700 memory standard (2GB max) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X40 X40t by Quanta || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel 800 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel but most atheros with bios hacking - difficult though}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit last IBM design 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X41 (IBM) MT 1864 1865 2525 2526 2527 2528 x41t (Lenovo) MT 1866 1867 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with single core 1.5 1.6 and tablet 1.2GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel or MiniPCI Wi-Fi Atheros AR5BMB FRU 39T0081 but ordinary atheros 54meg needs risky bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - amongst first Lenovo design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 (most 18xx) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1870 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATi 200m  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|ATI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T60 T60P 
* 64bit - 6 or 8 is 16:10 on T60/p, eg. 8742-CTO 15.4&quot; 
* 32bit - 1 and 2 are 14&quot;, 15&quot; 4:3, like 2007-YM3 or 1952-CTO 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;*any* T60/p will take a Core 2 Duo CPU with newer BIOS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA (2D) with &quot;p&quot; graphics card (ATi V5200 or V5250) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel ipw3945 ABG but atheros with Middleton's or Zender BIOS hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X60 x60s x60t tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1981 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 ABG or fru 39T5578 Atheros 5K AR5BXB6 ar5007eg with bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Icaros 1.4 || 2006 32bit - perhaps needs a zendered bios update but risky 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R60 R60e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 950 with optional radeon x1300 x1400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with 1981HD codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 3945 or atheros fru 39T5578 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Thinkpad T61 T61p without Middleton's or Zender BIOS || Core 2 Duo CPU T7300 T8300 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || Intel GMA (2D), NVS 140m or Quadro FX 570M () || {{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || {{No|Intel but atheros with bios hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.6 || 2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X61 x61s X61T Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3100 (2D) slow 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1984 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;82566DM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|Atheros AR5212 (some revisions use Intel WLAN runs very hot) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2007 64bit possible &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit ultrabook running very hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R61 R61i || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5787M || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|Geforce 7300 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2007 64bit 3D graphics parts are supported but buggy.
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 / V200 || GM965 ICH9-M with Intel Mobile Core 2 Duo T5450 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|X3100 (2D)}} || {{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269VB or CX20549}} || {{yes| }} || {{no|BCM5906M}} || {{no|Intel 3965 / 4965AGN bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4.1 2.1 || bits of laptop works 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Merom SL7100 1.2GHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 4965 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;13.3&quot; TFT 1440x900 (WXGA+) with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X301 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Penryn SU9400 Su9600 with GM45 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch micro SATA (uSATA) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X4500}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5xxx WiFi link 5100, 5150, 5300 and 5350 (WiMAX) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 WXGA+ (1440×900) LED backlight display -  2774 or 4057 Alps and 2776 Synaptics touchpad - optical bay interface is Legacy IDE (PATA) - Addonics ADMS18SA, Lycom ST-170m 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge 11″ AMD K325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for ATI HD4200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{{{maybe|}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|8192CE (Realtek 8176) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X100e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Neo Single-Core (MV-40) and dual cores || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|2.5in tray in ide mode in bios}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa ATI HD3200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with CX20582 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek r8192se bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 11.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v 65W round barrel - enter f1 setup f11 diagnostics f12 boot list - runs very warm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL400 SL500 || Intel  || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|IDE mode}} || {{Maybe|Nvidia 9400M}} || {{Maybe|ALC269}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{Maybe|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} ||  || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL410 SL510 || 965  || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA X4500M (some 2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC269 codec - speaker and ear phones}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{yes|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} || [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=645774&amp;postcount=28 Icaros 1.3] || SL-410 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400 ODM Wistron || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d - optional switchable Nvidia or ATi HD3470 untested}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Codec CX20561 (T400)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 20v lenovo plug - non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VSEA for Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with CX20585}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T500 T510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for switchable Intel / AMD  HD 3640}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|Intel HD Audio with a CX20561 (t500) and CX20585 (T510) codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Lenovo branded unit Atheros AR5007EG AR5BHB63 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X200 ODM Wistron [http://itgen.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/installing-arch-linux-on-lenovo.html X200s] and x200t tablet model without [http://fsfe.soup.io/post/590865884/the-unconventionals-blog-English-Flashing-Libreboot-on Risky flash of the Libreboot BIOS] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM45 GS45 with slow Celeron, SU or faster SL Core 2 Duos CPUs || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe||Intel GMA 4500 MHD 2D but slow software 3D tunnel 10 gearbox 8 tests}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD Audio with Conexant CX20561 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{{Yes|USB 2.0 USB SD card reads and writes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82567LM Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Pro 5100 5150 5300 5350 AGN due to whitelist prevention bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 12.1&quot; CCFL (webcam version) or LED backlit (no webcam). no support for 54mm express cards or Authentec 2810 fingerprint reader - thinkpoint only no trackpad - thinklight - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T410 T410s T410si || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;qm57 with i5 m || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use vesa Intel 5700MHD (Ironlake) core processor igp with optional Nvidia Quadro NVS 3100M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio Conexant CX20585 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82577lm gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel n 6200 or Atheros AR9280 AR5BHB92 half size minipcie detected bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 xmas || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit battery life much lower with Nvidia graphics version - no support firewire ricoh r5c832 - ricoh sd card - series 5 3400  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X201 X201s x201t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM57 Core i3 370m, i5 M520 2.4GHz or i7 620LM 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d on Intel GMA HD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD with [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=94.0 Conexant 20585] codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 X201 arrandale power consumption limits battery life to 3-4 hours for 48Whr though to 6 on 72Whr - 12.5&quot; WXGA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T420 type 4180 4236 t420s  T520 4239 L520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 2540, 2520 or i7 2860QM 2620 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 136 x 768 - Intel HD 3000 with optional NVS 4200M Nvidia optimus or Radeon HD 565v }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only with Conexant CX20672 codec - AHI 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 1x1, Intel Ultimate-N 6205 6250 2x2 6300 3x3 all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit add noacpi to grub boot options - screen 1600x900 or 1366x768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 3000 with nvidia quadro 1000m 2000m}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel Hd with CX 20585 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579 Lm}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000s}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;optimus issues with Nvidia Intel hybrids unless bumblebee switching - 15.6&quot; TFT display with 1366x768 (HD), 1600x900 (HD+) or 1920x1080 (FHD) resolution with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X220 x220t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM67 express, dual i5 2520M or i7 dual 2620M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D 1024 x 768 for Intel HD Graphics 3000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD playback with Conexant 20672 codec ear phones and speaker - AHI 6.27 6.34}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 Wi-Fi bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3, Aros One USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit possible - uses slimmer 7 mm storage sata devices - NEC USB 3.0 on i7's no support - unwanted trackpad gestures when palm rests on it - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X120e, x121e Quanta FL8A DAFL8AMB8D0 Rev D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 with slow AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;yes || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATI 0x9802}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI SBx00 Azalia HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8169 RTL8111  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 0x0576 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 11.6 inch screen - 1 inch think - chiclet keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S205 G575 G585 E325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-350 later E-450 with A75 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit removeable and plug in battery - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S206 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E300 1.3GHZ Dual || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with CX20672 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 11.6&quot; and integrated battery - Conexant® 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo x130e or x131e edu || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 or E-450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon HD 6310 or 6320 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio Realtek ALC269VC / ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB 30 and USB 20}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 RTL8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE or Broadcom BCM43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit rubber edged bumper for K12 education market - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T430 t430i T530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ivy bridge i5 3320 3230m on Intel QM77 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1366 x 768 for Intel HD 4000 with optional Nvidia 5400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 aka ALC269VC codec playback ear head phones - HDA 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2 ports and usb2.0 devices thru usb 3.0 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Atheros AR9285 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit fan noise and chiclet keyboard, synaptics trackpad - HD+ 1600x900 screen or normal 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad L430 L530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC269VC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 rtl810x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 6205 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit alps trackpad - vkeyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM series 7 chipset i5 3210M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 4000 with Nvidia GK107GLM Quadro K2000M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 ALC269VC codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82579LM || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - ricoh sdxc slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X230 x230t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel QM67 express i5 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with ALC269 aka ALC3202}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 12.2 in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T440 t440s t440p T540 L440 L540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel haswell 8 series Core i3 to i7  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA - Intel 4600 or Nvidia}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek ALC3232 alc269 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.0 and 2 usb 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 14 and 15&quot; models with glitchy trackpad and no physical buttons - IPS options available - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X240 x240t ultrabook TN (20AL0081GE), HD IPS display without touch (20AL007NGE) and touch (20AL0076GE) but all 65% sRGB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;haswell i7-4600U i5 4200U 4210U 4300U i3-4100U - two batteries, one internal 3cell 45N1110 (45N1111) or 45N1112 (FRU 45N1113) and external 3 / 6cell  45N1126 (FRU 45N1127) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in 7mm sata (torq t7), m.2 2242 in WWAN slot (m and b key NGFF Sata) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4400 for vga or mini-dp}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086 0x0a0c 0x9c20 with Realtek ALC3232 aka ALC292 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel® 82577LM Gigabit (Hanksville) }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel 7260n I218-V or I218-LM bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 12.2in 1366 x 768 or 1080p - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - no keyboard spill drainage and removal of all components to replace - lenovo rectangle pwr ac - TPM 1.2 - Bluetooth 4.0 no support - large touchpad with integrated but no physical buttons - bottom panel loosening 8 retained screws - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T450 T450s t450p T550 L550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i5 4300U i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5500U 5600U soldered || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 5500 5600 with optional nvidia 940M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD Audio with ALC3232 codec Realtek ALC3232 0x10ec 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wireless AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 14&quot; 1366 x 768, 1600 x 900 or IPS 1920x1080 - Broadwell - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad x250 x250t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 5010U i5 5200U 5300U i7 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|2.5in 7mm or m.2 2242 sata (m and b key)}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek ALC3232 codec / Intel HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|up to 3 USB 3.0 partly boots from usb but stops waiting for usb}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I218 extension port}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7265 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 1366 x 768, 1920 × 1080 12.5&quot; screen - Fn and F1 for setup bios - F12 boot options - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Conexant CX20751-21Z codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111gus}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Wireless-N 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 1376 x 786 - plastic construction - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E135 E335 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd dual E-300, E2-1800 or E2-2000 slow atom like A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|SATA 3.0Gb/s 2.5&quot; wide 7mm high}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA radeon 6310 or 7340 vga or hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb3, 1 powered usb2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111f}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek WLAN whitelist bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6 inch to 13.3in 1366x768 - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic case - external battery - 20v 65w lenovo barrel ac - 2 ddr3 sodimm 8Gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x140e E145 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1 2500 dual or A4 5000 apu quad BGA769 (FT3) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8260 or 8330}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek ALC269VC aka ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111F or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE 11b/g/n  or FRU Intel version}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 11.6&quot; 1366x768, non-glare and Broadcom bluetooth - education student market rugged model - both CPUs soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E525 E535 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3420M A8-3500M later A8-4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6620G later 7640G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB2 but not usb3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1368 x 768 matt - 65W 20v lenovo round psu - thick desktop replacement - ThinkPad Edge E520 E520S E525 E530 E545 E535 E530C Laptop Keyboard swap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E545 
* key cap swap with E440 E531 E540 L440 L450 T431S T440S T440P T540 
* Keyboard swap L540 T540p W540 Edge E531 E540 W541 T550 W550S L560 P50S T560 04Y2426 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Socket FS1r2 A6-5350M (2c2t) or A8-4500M, A8-5550M, A10-5750M (4c4t) with A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5 inch 7mm 9.5mm bios config, sata into compatibility and security, secure boot disabled || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 7640G, 8450G, 8550G, 8650G Northern Islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VOID 6.3 for HDAudio Conexant CX20590 Analog, CX20671 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|boots pen drives but USB3 no}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 1GbE 8111F}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM43142 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 matt heavy desktop replacement - 20v 65w 90w round lenovo plug psu - 2 DDR3 SODIMM slots stacked up to 16GB Max - external 6 Cell Li-Ion Battery 48Wh - removable mini sata DVD burner - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery in wifi area jp1202 - noacpi grub2
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo G505s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8 5550M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 8550M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 15D 20334 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 5200, e1 2100,  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8169 rtl810x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k whitelist for wifi swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo B50-45, G50-45 80E3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 (2c), A6-6400 (2c), AMD A8 (4c), AMD A4-6300 (2c), AMD E2-6200 (2c), AMD E1-6050 (2c) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E455 E555 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7000 A8-7100 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - 2 DDR3L slots max 16G - no TPM - keyboard swap - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z40-75 Z50-75 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-7300 4c 4t || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R6 6CUs}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - heavy - external battery - slim box lenovo ac - dvdrw - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;lenovo yoga 510-14ast 8059,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-9210 A9-9410 and Intel Xeon E3-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 45w 20v round barrel 4.0 * 1.7mm fits Yoga 310 510 520 710 - Harman Audio - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;V110-15AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v lenovo slim box ac - keyboard repair / swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E465 E565 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-8500P 8600P A8-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6&quot; 1366 x 768 to 1080p IPS - Polycarbonate, ABS Plastic shell casing - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*ThinkPad A275 12in (1 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) 
*Thinkpad A475 14in (2 ddr4 2666MHz sodimm) - both internal (main) and external (secondary) battery 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-8730B A10-9700B 2.500Ghz later A12-8830B A12-9800B (all 4c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Sata3 port for 7mm 2.5in ssd hdd but only after setup in other machines - WWAN slot cannot use M.2 2242 sata with M and B key}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5 or R7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi with ALC3268 codec - VOID even with QUERY / QUERYD added}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 bios startup set to legacy, starts to boot pendrives but stops, usb mouse not detected}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV, shell pinging google.com works but apps like OWB start when copied to RAM: and run from there}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE WLAN whitelist locked cannot swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{No|AROSOne USB 1.8 with noacpi added to grub2 line then waiting for bootable media (kitty eyes)}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 12 or 14in 1366 x 768 poor screen - 45W or 65w lenovo rectangle ac adapter - F1 enter bios and F12 boot order - 6 retained screws and snap on base - secure boot disabled - keyboard swap not easy - 2100 error message no solution except using only efi/gpt bios option - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo LAPTOP V145-15AST Ideapad V145 81mt, Ideapad 310, Ideapad 320-15ABR, 330-14AST 330-15AST 330-17AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 15.6&quot; - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V330-14ARR 81B1, Ideapad 330s 15ARR,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8 GCN5 with VCN1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE but not on 330s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - battery internal about 30whr - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E485 E585 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 2300U R5 2500U R7 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 - USB-C 20V 2.25A or 3.25A charger - 1ddr4 sodimm slot - internal battery only - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A285 A485 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata port and m.2 sata ngff port || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - usb-c charging - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - internal and external battery - watch for bios setting [https://github.com/PSPReverse/PSPTool AMD PSP Platform Security Processor Key] - WWAN whitelist - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga 530-14ARR 81H9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E15 Gen 2 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 15.6in - TPM 2.0 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad C340-13AP1, IdeaPad S340-14API C340-14API || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;R3 3200U, R5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 13in convertible - 14&quot; laptop - 4GB soldered - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V14-ADA, V15-ADA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3150U, 3250U, Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in - internal battery - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad E495, Lenovo V155 81V5,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 3200U r5 3500U, R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3 or 6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek or Qualcomm || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 1080p - ddr4 soldered with 1 dimm slot - 20v small round ac jack - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad L340 81LW001CUS PC IdeaPad S540-14API  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8822BE AC (1×1)}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T295 T495 T495s X395 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC328 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111EP not on slim T495s}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in 1366 x 768 to FHD 1080p - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb soldered with 1 ddr4 slot on T495 only - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad T14, Lenovo L14 Gen 1 AMD,   || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U 1.7GHz, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R5 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - universal USB-C charger - 14&quot; 1080p - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen1 AMD version || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 4450U, 5 4650U or 7 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One drive, up to 512GB M.2 2242 SSD or 1TB M.2 2280 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA Radeon}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111EPV, mini RJ-45 to RJ-45 via optional ThinkPad Ethernet Extension Adapter Gen 2 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek Wi-Fi 6 RTL8852AE,  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 13.3&quot; HD 1366x768 to 1080p - USB-C psu - Memory soldered to systemboard, no slots, dual-channel DDR4-3200 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 5 14ARE05 (81YM) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 4300U 4500u 4700u on AMD Promontory/Bixby FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x M.2 2242 slot and 1x M.2 2280 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6 hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel ax200 wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 14in and 15.6 inch mid srgb display - usb-c psu - ram soldered non-upgrade - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 5 81X2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R5 4500u, R7 4800U, R3 5300 R5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek ac wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit abs plastic case 14in convertible 1080p touch low nits - 65w usb-c psu ac - possible wacom esr note taking pen supplied - ram soldered DDR4 - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480 7040 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Samsung====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-Q1 Q1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron-M 353 ULV 600Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1.8&quot; SFF HDD 20 / 60 GB }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D opengl1 tunnel 95 gearbox 68}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec - head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Yes|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit old style tablet UltraMobile PC UMPC - Wacom serial resistive pen or finger no support - 1 sodimm ddr2 max 1Gb - LCD 7&quot; WVGA (800 x 480) - CompactFlash port Type II - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP Q1U Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Q1F NP-Q1-F000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel A100 600 / A110 Stealey 800 MHz CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D and 3D opengl1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 1986}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 1024×600 - sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP P500 family P500Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Ati x1250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| Audio with  codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8039 yukon}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit possible - 15.4 tft display - cheap plastic okay build - 19v propriety end - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R505 R510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R520 R522 R610H R620 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Mobile Core i3 Intel PM45 82801M ICH9-M|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4650 (RV730)  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC272  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 88E8057 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR5007EG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit possible 
|-
| NP-R530 ||  || {{N/A}} || {{partial|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Marvell}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung R730 17.3 Essential Notebook NP-R730-JA02UK, NP-R730-JA01SE, R730-JT06 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM55 Dual Core T4300 i3-370M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4500MHD and GeForce G 310M with 1 VGA, 1 HDMI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio ALC??? codec Realtek}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell Yukon 88E8059 PCI-E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom, Intel or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods ISO 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit - 17.3in HD 1280 x 720 pixels low contrast or some 1600x900 - 2 DDR3 sodimm slots - 2.84 kg 6.26 lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Samsung-305U1A-A01DE-Subnotebook.68246.0.html Series 3 Samsung 305u1a] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Zacate E350 or E450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC ACL 269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4313 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-RV415 NP-RV515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 or E450 plus A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 6470 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111 8168B || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series 5 NP535U3C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4455M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow - 13.3in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;series 3 NP355V5C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4400M, A8-4500M, A10-4600M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;7640M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.4in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung ATIV Book 9 Lite NP905S3G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-1450 quad 1GHz Temash atom like || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;128gb || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8250 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek rtl8169 but only with mini LAN AA-AE2N12B Ethernet Adapter RJ45 dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9565 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 13.3 TN glossy 1366 x 768 200nits 60% srgb - plastic case - 26W battery built in with 4hr life - 19V 2.1A 3.0*1.0mm psu - 1 ddr3l slot max 4gb - 720p webcam - mini hdmi out - 1w speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of Build Quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Equium 
Satellite (Pro) 
Libretto 
Portege
Tecra
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Tecra 8100 8200 9000 || 440BX || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Savage MX 3D (VESA only)}} || {{no|Yamaha DS-XG ymf744 ymf-754}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{N/A}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.5 || little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra 9100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;810 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|S3 Savage IX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ymf754}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;eeee pro100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PSU Adapter For Toshiba Tecra 9000 9100 A1 A10 A11 A3 A3X A4 A5 A7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M9 R10 S1 series 75 Watt 15V 5A
|-
| [http://tuxmobil.org/toshiba_sp4600.html Satellite Pro 4600] || i810 || IDE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Trident Cyber Blade XP (VESA only)}} || {{no|YAMAHA DS-XG AC97 ymf754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel e100}} || {{no|Agere (internal PCMCIA)}} || || little support 
|-
| Satellite 2805 S603 || Intel 815 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|nVidia GeForce2 Go}} || {{no|Yamaha Corp YMF 754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100}} || {{dunno}} || || little support
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A10 S167 S1291 - A15 A20 A25 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GM or Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 2100, Agere or Atheros PA3399U 1MPC minipci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a few models came with antenna leads 
|-
| Satellite [http://eu.computers.toshiba-europe.com/innovation/jsp/SUPPORTSECTION/discontinuedProductPage.do?service=EU&amp;com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&amp;PRODUCT_ID=76230 A30-714] || P4-M / 82845 i845 || {{yes|82801}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|RTL8139}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || nice laptop, drawbacks: heavy, really hot (P4-3.06 GHz!!) - A30 (EU) A33 (Australian) A35 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A40 A45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - A40 S161 A40-S1611 A40-2701, A45-S120 A45-S1201 S130 S1301 S1501  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a50 A55 a60-s156 Equium A60 PSA67E A65 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A70 A75-S206 A80 A85-S107 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron-M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| Toshiba Satellite Pro M30 || intel 855 || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma option}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100 VE}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.5 || nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Portege M300 - M200 tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855GM with 1.2GHz Pentium M 753 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d only - tablet with nvidia 5200 go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra M2 M2-S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855P Pentium-M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nvidia fx go5200 32mb or 64mb agp || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Pro || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - PSU 15V 5A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L20 267 (PSL2YE PSL2XE) PSL25E L30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 370 1.4 1.5GHz, 1.73Ghz with RC410M SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati x200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-490297-start-0.html ALC861]}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Boots usb sticks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8139 Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros mini-pci should work maybe not working with ATi chipset or need to swap??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 14&quot; pioneer dvd-rw - 19v 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L30 PSL30E L33 PSL33E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 or ATi RC410 x200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 AD1981B or HD Audio ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;L30 PSL30L 101 PSL33E 113 115 134 00M019 - 
|-
| Satellite Pro M40 313 psm44e || AMD with Ati || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|}} || {{maybe|atheros askey ar5bmb5 mini pci}} || || 2005 32bit - nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L40 PSL40E PSL40L, PSL43E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with  U7700 1.3GHz ULV || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only -  - 12X 13G 139 14B 143 15J 19O  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L45 PSL40U S7409 S2416 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Celeron M 440 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia G72M Quadro NVS 110M GeForce Go 7300 / Ati (PSAA3E)|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC861 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A110 159 (PSAB0), Equium A110 (PSAB2E), Satellite A110 233 (PSAB6),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8136 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 PSAC0 PSAC1 PSAC1E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo GMA 950 to T2300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 or AC97 AD1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt;UHCI EHCI  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros Ar5001 or Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15V 4A charger - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo ATi RS480 + SB450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - ATI RC410 Radeon Xpress 200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OCHI UHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Atheros Ar5001 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15v 5a proprietary charger needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite A130 PSAD6U || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;ST1311 s1311 ST1312 S2276 S2386  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A135 S2686 (Compal LA 3391P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;S2246 S2346 S2256 S4477 S4666 S4827  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A200 PSAE1E (Inventec MW10M) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M with 945GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio ALC862}}|| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000 - FN,F5 or FN,F8 or switch}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Excellent 32 bit support! - Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz or Pentium® Core Duo T2130 1.86 GHz - make sure that your WLAN card is enabled, do this using the hardware switch and FN+F8 key combination 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; A210, Satellite A215 AMD (Inventec 10A) S5808 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati with SB690 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA HD2600 Mobility M76}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC268 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;A215-S7422 A215-S7472 A215-S4697 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62036 A215 S4757] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati X1200 with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra A10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel WiFi Link 5100}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L35 - L40 PSL48E - L45 S7423 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GL960 with Intel Celeron || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|X3100 some 2D but software 3d tunnel 9 gearbox 4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC660 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|REALTEK 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8187b replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1,73Ghz  M 520 or M 540 or Dual T2310 (1.46 GHz)  T2330 (1.6 GHz) - 14H 14N 15B 17H 17K 17R 17S 18Z - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a300 - inventec potomac 10s pt10s A300D 21H || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio - Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite L300D-224 PSLC8E PSLC9E, l305 (inventec ps10s) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD M780 with Turion RM70 or QL-64 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Radeon 3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC268}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros G XB63L or Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros Dekstop Live 2.3 AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Wireless-handler crashing when using Atheros-Wireless-Card
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l300-1bw PSLBDE-005005AR, L300-148 PSLB0E, l300-20D PSLB8E-06Q007EN, l300-294 L300-23L PSLB9E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel GM45 + PGA478 socket Celeron 900, Pentium T1600, T2390, T3400 (Socket P) to Core2 Duo T6400 T6670 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{unk|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{unk|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Intel gma 4500M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC???}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{unk|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{unk|rtl8169 Realtek 810xE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64-bit  - new unfamiliar Bios called insyde H20 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l350d || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon (tm) X2 QL-60 + RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8187b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L450 12 13 14 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron, 2.1GHz with AMD RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3200 (based on HD 2400) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8172 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;12X 13P 13X 14V PSLY6E00C006EN 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L450 (Compal LA-5821P) 179 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel celeron 900 2.20 Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 4500m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101 /2 /6E PCI Express Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RTL8191 SEvB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;39.6cm (15.6”) Toshiba TruBrite® HD TFT High Brightness display with 16:9 aspect ratio internal resolution 1366 x 768 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L755D (E-350) L750D (E-450) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6310 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro SP C640 C660D-15X (PSC1YE) C670D- () || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6310G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC259 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 zacate 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite C660D-19X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;r8169 rtl8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188 8192ce rtl8192ce  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;C70D-A C75D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HA Audio CX20751 11Z || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8162 alx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8188e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite Pro C40D-A C50D-A C55D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E1 2100 or faster A4 5000 kabini || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;8330 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC269Q || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8162}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188EE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite S50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-5745M (4c4t), A8-5545M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8550M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6in 2.38kg and 24mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite C50DT-B-107 PSCN6E M50DT-A-210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A8-6410 A6-5200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R3 R5 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;REaltek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8188E || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 15.6 Inch Touchscreen 1366 x 768 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L50D-C-13G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P 6th Gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sharp formerly 80% Toshiba Computers || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;dynabook formerly 20% Toshiba PC, Satellite Pro C40D C50D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel i? or AMD Ryzen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in and 15.6in - ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Misc====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Time 500 Packard Bell EasyOne 1450 1550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-3 500Mhz + VIA MVP4 vt82c686a || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|Issues}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 3058 with wolfson  codec WM9703 WM9704 WM9707 WM9708 or WM9717}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 3038 2 ports USB 1.1 untested || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit grub runs but stalls around [PCI] Everything OK 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX201/FX202 FX210/FX215 FX401/FX402 FX404/FX405 972M, FX501/FX502 FX504/FX505, FX601/FX602, FX604/FX605 FXA53(US), FX701/FX702, FX704/FX705, FX801/FX802 FX804/FX805 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;[http://gaugusch.at/vaio/ FX] [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/FX210/ Sony Yahoo Group] VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|UHCI [rev 1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive from Plop Boot Loader floppy (no bios USB boot). Can freeze coz hardware issue or a ram slot problem - no support for iLink firewire VT8363/8365 pci - vt82c686b 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX100 R505LE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i815 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA Intel 82815 CGC || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel ICH AC97 with ADI AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PCG-FX105 FX105K PCG-FX108 FX108K PCG-FX109 FX109K FX200 FX203/FX203K FX205 FX205K FX209 FX209K FX220 [http://juljas.net/linux/vaiofx240/ FX240] FX250 FX270 FX290 FX301 FX302 FX340 FX370 FX390 FX403 FX503 FX950
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Sony [http://www.trustedreviews.com/laptops/review/2004/06/03/Sony-VAIO-VGN-X505VP-Ultra-Slim-Notebook/p1 VAIO VGN X505VP] || Pentium M ULV and Intel 855GM || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Intel 855 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{N/A}} || || 2004 32bit - 0.38 inches at its thinnest point - first laptop to feature a &quot;chiclet&quot; keyboard resemble Chiclets gum - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Z505LE Z505JE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Rage Mobility M1 AGP mach64 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;no Yamaha DS-XG PCI YMF744 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 8255x based PCI e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-18 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma for i915}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SigmaTel}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel swap for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' D02 test || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-29 CF-30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SigmaTel || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139C || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Microstar PR210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi RS690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio through speaker / head phones but not hdmi}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR242x AR542x aw-ge780 mini pci-e || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - ENE PCI based SD card with no bios boot option 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advent 7106 EAA-88 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.7GHz with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D tunnel 187 gearbox 67}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 Intel ICH6 with Conexant Cx20468 31 codec playback head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG Fn/F2 replaced with atheros mini pci in small base panel - startup errors in wireless manager}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; cheap rubbish sadly - fan noise through audio channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Motion Computing LE1600 PC Slate || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 SigmaTel STAC9758 9759  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 serial Wacom digitiser not usb
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-51 CF-P1 CF-T5 CF-Y2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio VGN UX1XN UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo U1500 1.33GHz with 945GM chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1.8 inch ZIF || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945GMS || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 8036 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit only - 4.5 inch screen ultra mobile PC 
|-
| Sony Vaio VGN SR29VN || Intel ICH9 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy}} || {{partial|ATI HD 3400 (VESA only)}} || {{partial|HD Audio (too quiet)}} || {{yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 8040}} || {{no|Intel 5100}} || Icaros 1.5 || 2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse XM Class DELL WYSE Xn0m LAPTOP || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD T-G56N 1.6 1.65Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;decased 2.5in ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only AMD 6320}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|EHCI 2.0 with NEC uPD720200 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek rtl8169 8111E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 93xx}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 1366 x 768 14&quot; - 2 ddr3l slots max 16gb - 19v coax barrel plug psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D KPL-W00 Honor Magicbook 2018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 14inch 1080p - internal battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Pura 14 AVITA-PURAR3, AVITA-PURAR5 Hong Kong tech giant Nexstgo || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 3200U, R5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 (R3) 7 (R5) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 1,920 x 1,080 14in IPS but dim 194cd/m² and 59.4% of the sRGB colour gamut - 1 ddr4l sodimm slot - keyboard issues keyboard repair swap requires removal of all - components - flexible plastic build - 3 hr battery internal - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Avita Liber V 3200U Ryzen 5 3500U, Avita Admiror 14 R7 3700U (UK only) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - better build but same 3 hr battery - 14&quot; 1080p screen IPS 80% sRGB gamut - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huawei Matebook D 15 14 AMD KPR-WX9 Honor Magicbook WAQ9AHNR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 3500U 4700U 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AMD Vega 8 use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel or Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 2020 budget model - f6.5 recessed webcam - internal 42W later 56W battery - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xiaomi Redmibook 16 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 4700U with FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD 3 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon RX Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|3.1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8821CE wifi || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit metal 16.1 IPS 99% srgb 240 nits - 46whr battery - no webcam - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Netbook=== 

[[#top|...to the top]]

* One of the better options if re-partitioning of the hard disk is not suitable or wanted is to go with AROS hosted i.e. run a small linux distro and host AROS on top. AROS can exist on a Windows(TM) install as well. See here for more information [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=779.0 Linux hosted] and [ Windows hosted] with downloads here [http://aros.sourceforge.net/download.php AROS download page] 
* installation needs an USB optical drive or an USB pen drive (see below) 
*  PC with CD or DVD to install to a USB pendrive for boot purposes on a netbook 
* SD card sometimes can [ boot] like Dell 2100,  EeePC 1001P, ASUS EeePC 900, acer aspire one d150, MSI Wind U100, 

[http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/Audio-Codec-Comparison-Table/520 Audio Codecs] 


====Acer Packard Bell Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Aspire One AOA110 (A110) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D and 3D) tunnel 99 and gearbox 84 score}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel A13-045N2A 19V2.37A 45W 5.5x1.7mm - 
|-
| Aspire One AOA150 (A150) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D with tunnel 99 and gearbox 84.1 result}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{Yes|RTL8101E - rtl8169}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || AspireOS 1.8 || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD150 D150 (Compal LA-4781P), AOD110 D110 (ssd) || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HDAudio with alc272}}] || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 l1e}} || {{Maybe|AR5007EG AR5BXB63 works but Broadcom BCM4312 has no support}} || Icaros Desktop 1.3 || 2008 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD250 D250 emachines em250 || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|alc272 HD Audio}}  || {{Yes}} || {{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|BCM4312 or Atheros AR5B95}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2009 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire AO532H (Compal LA-5651p) 533H Pineview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k}} || [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=5968 Tested AspireOS June 2011] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM350 NAV51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with N450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with   codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Single core 64bit - 160GB HDD 1GB RAM 10.1&quot; LED backlit screen and  Webcam - 3 cell li-ion battery for 3 hours usage - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM355 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit support possible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One 533 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D 0x8086 0xa011}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ALC272 codec ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v1.1 1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 and AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - f2 setup - 10.1inch 1024 x 768 - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD255 AOD255e AOD260 AOHAPPY (Compal LA-6221P) || N570 and Nm10 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|SATA}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 3150}} || Audio || USB || {{No|Atheros AR8152 V1.1 (1lc)}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || || a little support 
|-
| Aspire One 522 AO522 (Compal LA-7072p) || 1GHz dual C50 or C60 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (ATI 9804) or 6290 || ATI SB CX20584 HD Audio || USB || Atheros 8152 v2.0 l1c || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros ath9k}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AAOD270 Aspire One D270 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 Cedarview || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D on Intel GMA 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169 RTL8101E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 but swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit atom - ddr2 so-dimm 2gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO532G (Compal LA-6091p) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One D257 (Quanta ZE6) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire One 722 AO722 P1VE6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C60 with SB900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| use VESA Ati 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec but no Wrestler HDMI output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO721 (Wistron SJV10-NL) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AO751 AO751H (Quanta ZA3) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC272X || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Atheros l1e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .SE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC|| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S2 NAV50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel X3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot M/A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.2GHz Athlon L110 + RS690E || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy mode? || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD ATI Radeon Xpress X1270 (VESA only) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ATI SBx00 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 700 701 2G 4G 8G Surf || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 2D and 3D tunnel 68 gearbox 43 on 701 800x480}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Yes| }} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] || NB 2013 and 2.1.1 (best) and 2.1.2 || Power supplies fail due to bad caps issue 9.5V 2.5A - 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 701SD || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{No|RTL8187SE swap with Atheros 5k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll.  
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 900 || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D, 3D in some models)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio]}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Maybe|depends on chipset}} [http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Internal_Upgrades AR5007EG] (AR2425) - [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=32391&amp;forum=28&amp;start=20&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583583 works] but not RaLink || AspireOS 1.7 || Boot issues] but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll. 900's may need BIOS upgrade to boot usb optical drives. 3D available in some and not all model revisions 
|-
| eeePC 900A || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (3D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Atheros L1e [1969 1026]}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR242x}} || Nightly Build 2012 05-25 ||
|-
| eeePC 901 1000 || 945GM || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros L1E (AR8121 AR8113 AR8114)}} || {{No|RaLink Device 2860 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Icaros 1.4 ||
|-
| eeePC Seashell 1000HA 1000HE 1008 1005HA || N280 + Intel GMA950 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{Maybe|Realtek but not Atheros AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with Atheros 5k}} || Aspire OS 1.6 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eeePC 1001ha || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Attansic Atheros AR8132 l1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT3090 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| eeePC 1001P T101MT 1005PX 1005PE 1015PE Pineview || NM10 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || {{No|Atheros AR8132 (l1c)}} || {{No|Atheros AR928x 802.11n}} || Icaros 1.3.3 ||
|-
| EeePC 1015B 1215B || single C30 or dual C50 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{partial|AMD 6250 (VESA only)}} || ATI SBx00 HD Audio || USB || {{No|AR8152 v2.0 atl1c}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 [14e4 4727]}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare X101CH Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 6300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare 1025CE 1225CE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2800 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Inspiron 910 Mini 9 PP39S || GMA945 || {{Maybe|STEC P1850 revC 0X422G 16GB IDE PATA 1.8in ZIF SSD very slow}} || {{N/A| }} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D opengl1}} || {{yes|ALC268 HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2 boots and works}} || {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8102E}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4310 and 4312 swap with atheros 5k bx32}} || tested with ICAROS 1.3 but Icaros 2.3 (pci issues), AROS One 2.6 and Tiny AROS (digiclock startup) do not fully boot up || 2009 32bit - 9inch 1024x600 screen - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 2gig - 19v 1.58a - 0 boot disk select - cr2032 battery under laptop base cover, while mem 2GB max under base flap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 10 1010 PP19S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z520 Z530 Intel US15W Poulsbo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel GMA 500 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or BCM4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 10.10 inch 16:9, 1366 x 768 glossy - 28whr or 56wHr battery options - 
|-
| [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks#Dell%20Mini%2010v%20(Inspiron%201011) Mini 10v 1011] [http://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/InspironMini10v ] || Intel 950 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ide legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}}  || HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8102E 8103E}} || {{no|Dell 1397 Wireless}} || || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 1018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio head phones only - speaker and micro phone do not work}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8188CE or AR928X}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 
|-
| Latitude 2100 || Intel Atom N270 N280 1.60Ghz GMA 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|set to IDE in bios as ahci not working || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D with tunnel 98 and gearbox 84)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC272 codec}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5764M}} || {{No|Intel 5100 or BCM4322 DW 1510 half height mini pcie use small Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS 1.8, Icaros 2.1.1 and AROS One USB 2.4 || 2009 32bit ddr2 sodimm max 2G - [https://sites.google.com/site/arosaspireone/about-aspire-one Webcam and card reader not working] lcd cable over hinge an issue - f12 bios and boot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 2110 2120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N470 1.83Ghz, N455 1.6Ghz, N550 1.5Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|ATA mode in bios not ahci}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 3150 2D only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit ddr2 sodimm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| HP Mini 2133 || VIA C7-M P4M900 / 8237 VX700 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|VIA Chrome 9 HC (VESA only)}} || VT1708/A HD Audio || USB || {{no|Broadcom Corp NetXtreme BCM5788}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312}} || ||
|-
| HP mini 1000 Mi 2140 ks145ut || N270 + 945GM || {{N/A}} || SATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and opengl1 3d)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio (playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || 2011 32Bit - unable to change wifi card 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Mini 700 702 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT 92HD75B (111d:7608, only playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom hard locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Compaq HP Mini 110 110-3112sa || 945GM Express || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio IDT STAC 92xx}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Atheros}} || {{no|Broadcom hard blocked Fn+F12}} || || 2011 32bit - unable to change wifi 
|-
| HP Mini 200 210 || 945GM NM10 Express || {{N/A}} || SATA || Intel GMA 950 || HD Audio || USB || RTL8101E RTL8102E || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard locked}} || ||
|-
| HP Mini 311 DM1 (Quanta FP7) || N280 + ION LE || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia Geforce ION || HD Audio || USB || eth || {{No|hard locked}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Lenovo Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| IdeaPad S9 S9e(3G) S10 S10e(3G) || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 or SigmaTel HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Broadcom NetLink BCM5906M}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || || little support 
|-
| IdeaPad S12 ||  N270 + Nvidia ION LE MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || ALC269 HD Audio || USB || Broadcom || Intel hard blocked || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| S10-2 || 945GME and N280 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{no|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| S10-3 || NM410 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{no|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Atheros 9285 or Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad 100S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z36xxx Z37xxx Series SoC || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel SST Audio Device (WDM) || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek RTL8723BS hard blocked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Samsung Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=616910&amp;topic_id=33755&amp;forum=28#616910 NC10] || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|SigmaTel HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{maybe|rtl8169 works but not Marvell 88E8040 sky2}} || {{yes|AR5007EG}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2009 32bit - Nano silver on keyboard and lcd ribbon cable over hinge issues 
|-
| [http://www.sammywiki.com/wiki/Samsung_NC20 NC20] || VIA VX800 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{maybe|VIA Chrome9 (VESA only)}} || ALC272 GR (VT1708A) HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{yes|Atheros AR5001}} || || 2009 32bit - little support 
|-
| N110 N120 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC272 HD Audio or ALC6628}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Realtek rtl8187}} || || 2009 32bit - some support - Namuga 1.3M Webcam none
|-
| N130 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{yes|SATA in IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and opengl 1.x 99.5 tunnel 99 gearbox}} || {{yes|Intel HD with ALC272 ALC269 codec playback}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL 8169.device - 8101e 8102e}} || {{no|rtl 8192se rtl8187 too small an area to swap for atheros 5k}} || || 2009 32bit - 10.x inch 1024 x 600 - Namuga 1.3M Webcam - front slide power on and f2 setup bios - keyboard 17.7mm Pitch is made with Silver Nano (Anti-Bacterial) tech - small touchpad - 1 ddr2 2rx16 sodimm slot 2G max - 44Wh
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Go NP-N310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit - N280 version changed specs 
|-
| N510 || N270 euro N280 uk + ION MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || HD Audio || USB || Marvell 88E8040 || Realtek 8192E || || Does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Axx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC269 codec A9M22Q2 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| NF210 Pineview || n455 or n550 + N10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA 3150 (needs retesting, VESA works)}} || {{yes|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || Wireless || || 2011 64bit - some support 
|-
| NP N145 Plus || n450 + NM10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || {{yes|Realtek HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Atheros AR9285}} || || 2010 some support but often the trackpad does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NS310 NP-NS310-A03UK || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N570 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use Vesa 2d }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 810xe }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|bcm4313 }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom N570 or 1.5 GHz Intel Atom N550 dual core processor, 1 DDR3 sodimm slot memory, a 250GB hard drive, and a 10.1 inch, 1024 x 600 pixel 10.1&quot; W7St - 2300mAh short life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Samsung_N150 N150] NB30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MN10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 or Realtek 8192E}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.kruedewagen.de/wiki/index.php/Samsung_N220 N210 N220] N230 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a little 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Pxx Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000g}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NB100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini NB200 series NB205 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + GSE945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 300 series NB305 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 500 series NB505 NB520 NB550-10v || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8176 RTL 8188CE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| [http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Toshiba-NB550D-AMD-Fusion-Netbook.46551.0.html Mini NB550D 10G] 108 (c30) 109 (c50) || C50 + M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (VESA only) || HD Audio || USB || Realtek 8111e rtl8169 || Atheros 9k || || 2011 64bit Realtek SD card reader 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Cammy's A1600 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes}} || {{no|JMC 250/260}} || Wireless || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Mini Ui 3520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;good 
|-
| Guillemot Hercules eCafe EC-900 H60G-IA], Mitac MiStation and Pioneer Computers Dreambook Light U11 IL1 || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RAlink RT2860}} || || Slowly gaining support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E2 24 48 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;IDE legacy mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pineview Intel (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros l1c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR9285 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| MSI Wind U90/U100 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio ALC888s (playback only?)}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RaLink RT2860 RT2700E or rtl8187se (u100x)}} || Icaros 1.3 ||
|-
| Advent 4211 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || Intel GMA950 (2D) || ALC HD Audio || USB || rtl8169 || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || || MSI U100 clone
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;MSI U100 clone 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Vaio VGN-P11Z
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Partial|Intel (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{no|Atheros AR928X}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 2.0.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Rarely boots!
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony VPC-W11S1E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 with 945GSE
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8132}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR9285 swap with 5k}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 10.1&quot; 1366 x 768 glossy - 3hr battery life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Archos 10 Netbook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom with ICH7 NM10 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{No }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Wind U135 DX MS-N014 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only accelerated}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ALC662 rev 1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR 9K}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;needs noacpi notls added to grub boot line to start up 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

===Desktop Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Most Intel Atom and equivalent AMD Fusion CPUs / APUs are faster than Intel P3s but still some way short of P4 or Dual Core performance. 


====Acer====
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.acer.com/ac/en/ID/content/support-product/486;-; Veriton X270 VTX270] Intel Core 2 Duo ED7400C or Pentium dual-core UD7600C with 630i 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d Nvidia 7100 VGA and HDMI connections}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|  with realtek codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 rear and 5 front}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit capable but would not fully boot, DHCP address timeout too short and failed often. Put in a third party NIC, worked - 1 PCI Express x16 slot and a free PCI x1 slot - internal thin long psu with 12pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Imedia S1710 with Intel Dual Core E5200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{Yes|SATA/AHCI}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|Native IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia nForce 7100}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|NVIDIA MCP73 Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 14-09-2023, AROS One 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 2009 64-bit - Boot over USB not working on front - 2 DDR2 dual channel max 8GB - DEL for entering Bios - F12 for boot menu - Bus weird, could be reason for Ethernet issue 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo AR1600, R1600 AR3600, R3600 Packard Bell iMax Mini, ACER Veriton N260G N270G slim nettop subcompact 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9300M - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with alc662 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB boot usb2 stick issues and slower with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit  Intel Atom 230 N280 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - very often boot stuck around ehciInit - DEL setup F12 boot options - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v special barrel size 5.5mm/1.7mm psu - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - atheros 5k AR5BXB63 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo AR3610 R3610 3610 Atom 330 nettop subcompact dual core 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9400M LE MCP79MX - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek alc662 rev1 alc662-hd later ALC885 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB with 1% chance boot with usb2 sticks, more issues with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8211CL MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.5, 1.6 and 2.4 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - boot often stuck around ehciInit, SATA, etc try ATA=off, non usb hub  keyboard,  - DEL bios setup, F12 BBS POPUP/drive boot - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v barrel psu with smaller inner pin size 5.5mm/1.7mm - replace wifi RT3090 ver c (linux) with atheros 5k - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;REVO AR3700 R3700 3700 Atom D525 dual core - ACER Veriton N282G 
*one long beep followed by two short, bios damaged 
*looping one long two short, a video card fault 
*two short beeps... CMOS damaged 
*got one long and one short beep... board error?
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE ready in Bios}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia ION2 GT218 ION vga fine '''but''' hdmi fussy over display used - nouveau 2d &amp; 3d gearbox 404 tunnel 292 teapot 48}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDA Intel with Realtek ALC662 rev1 codec, head phones only but nothing from NVidia HDMI}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® NM10 Express (NM10 is basically an ICH7 with a die shrink and IDE removed) USB boots usb, installs usb, accesses ok}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111g}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one USB 1.5 and 1.6 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - early 2 ddr2 sodimm slots but later 2 ddr3 sodimm slots 1Rx8 max 4GB - 19v barrel psu thinner pin - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - ACPI Suspend Mode = S1, S3 (STR), S4 - Power on PCIe 
* Known Acer issue, Boot into bios, set bios to UEFI and reboot, set bios back to defaults and reboot, blank display, repair with reflash of 8 pin Winbond W25Q socketed bios chip with ch341a using 2011/09/19 P01.B0L, 2011/05/09 P01.A4, 2011/05/03 P01.A3L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2L, 2010/12/27 P01.A2 amiboot.rom - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo 70 (RL70) with or without dvdrw 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6320 or 6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio ALC662-VCO-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2, 1.1 Hudson D1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD E450 1.65GHz - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 
|-
|}

====Asus====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EEEbox B202
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel Azalia HDaudio with Realtek ALC662 or ALC888-GR CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 or JM250 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;internal 3 types of wifi chipset not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Precision 340
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1 (UHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|3Com}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 2400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 82845GL Brookdale G/GE (VESA 640x480 by 16)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk|AC97 with ADI codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 440x 4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?p=832495 Icaros 1.4]
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Graphics chipset is capable of higher resolution.
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 4600
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 (use rear black port)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 170L
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX260
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX270
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX280
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{maybe|Intel GMA (only VESA tested)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Broadcom}}
| Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX520
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|Intel GMA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 745
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|HD Audio (no volume control)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{partial|Only keyboard mouse (legacy mode)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 755
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Around 25 second delay in booting from USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 990
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|non-RAID mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel HD (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|ordinary boot gives VGA mode only - VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio (Analog Devices ID 194a)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire Xenon 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Vx0 (V90 V30), Vx0L (V10L V90L), Vx0LE (V30LE V90LE) from VIA C7 800GHz to Eden 1.2GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for S3 UniChrome Pro}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 VIA VT8233A with ?? codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 back and 1 front USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|early models work but later VT6102-3 do not}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2  
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 to 2009 32bit - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm DDR 333MHz SO-DIMM later DDR2 - early V90s do seem to have a reliability problem - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.poppedinmyhead.com/2021/01/wyse-cx0-thin-client-notes-experiences.html Dell Wyse Cx0] C00LE, C10LE, C30LE, C50LE, C90LE, C90LE7, C90LEW VIA C7 Eden 1GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d VX855 VX875 Chrome 9}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|some VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with ?? codec work}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 outside 2 inside USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 to 2013 32bit - [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=815.0 boots and works] - 12V 2.5A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm ddr2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell RxxL Rx0L thin client 
*R00L	Cloud PC of Wyse WSM 
*R10L	Wyse Thin OS 
*R50L	Suse Linux Enterprise 
*R90L	Win XP Embedded 
*R90LW  Win Embedded Standard 2009 
*R90L7  Win Embedded Standard 7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128Mb IDE or 1GB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA Hyperdisk}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 690E RS690M Radeon Xpress 1200 1250 1270
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Sempron™ 210U SMG210UOAX3DVE 1.5GHz SB600, up to 4GB single slot 240-pin DDR2 DIMM, 19v barrel psu, DEL key bios - Late 2012 2 data sockets added but only CN18 be used with two white sockets (CN13 &amp; CN15) can used to power the SATA device &quot;4-pin Micro JST 1.25mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 390 sff small form factor - mt mini tower desktop - dt full desktop
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit dual i3 2xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - add nvidia gf218 gfx - error code 3 mobo or cpu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 3010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 57XX}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 7010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Intel 825xx}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx Q77 - kettle iec plug psu cable - add pci-e ethernet and nvidia gf218 gfx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5010 thin client ThinOS D class (D10D D00D D00DX, Dx0D), PCoIP (D10DP) or D90D7, 5040 
*username: Administrator, admin, [blank] 
*password: Fireport, DellCCCvdi, rappot, Wyse#123, Administrator, administrator, r@p8p0r+
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode may need 30cm ext cable as small area for half-slim sata ssd - decased new ssd??}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d 1400x1050 HD6250E IGP by using DVI to hdmi cable and 1 display port, no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD 6.34 audio chipset detected but codec alc269 working from one case speaker -  none if v6.29 used}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|most 5010 have 4 USB 2.0 but D90Q7 has 2 USB3 instead}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8168 8169 - rev 1.?? 8111? - rev 1.91 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow AMD G-T44R 1.2Ghz later G-T48E 1.4Ghz Dual Bobcat Brazos BGA413 - Del for BIOS - p key to select boot with noacpi - single DDR3 sodimm slot max 4Gb, (8Gb hynix 2rx8 ddr3l)? (remove small board to upgrade) - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; small 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - PA16 19v barrel psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 7010 thin client (Z class Zx0D) black case 
*2011 Zx0 Z90D7 2GF/2GR
*2013 Z10D 
*2014 Z50D 2GF/2GR 
*2012 Cisco VXC 6000 CVXC-6215-K9 white 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Bios set Sata mode to IDE mode and grub boot add 'noacpi' for half slim sata2 ssd or/with 50cm sata ext cable}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d HD6310 6320 Terascale 2 through DVI and DP 1.1a - no 3d support r600 and no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio 6.34 detected but ALC269VB codec works on one case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0 works but NEC 720200 3.0 not detected but sometimes works like 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111e 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 and Aros One 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit slow cores AMD G-t52R 1.5GHz later G-T56N 1.65 GHz Dual with A50M FCH - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - 2 desktop DIMM slots max 16GB - miniPCIe CN14 no msata ssd support in bios - PA-16 19v external psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - 2 40cm SMA female WiFi Antenna to IPEX IPX u.fl Ufl Cable pigtail needed - does not like uefi boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 7020 Thin Client 
* 2013 Quad-core AMD GX-420CA 2.0 GHz (25W) - 
* 2018 Zx0Q Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz (15W) with Quad display 3dp and 1dvi 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only for AMD Radeon HD8400E radeonsi (dual display) or AMD Radeon HD 8330E IGP with AMD Radeon E6240 Seymour E6460 (quad display), no hdmi ports}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit quad eKabini Jaguar cores - two SODIMM sockets layered in centre of mobo DDR3L RAM - Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm ac psu 9mm plug is too short but 14mm length is fine - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Dx0Q (5020) D90Q8 NJXG4 AMD G-Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 8330E GCN 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; with Realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz - 2 layered near edge of mobo 204-pin DDR3L SODIMM (bottom one tricky to insert) - 19v Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5060 N07D thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE bios mode for sata2 port}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d - AMD R5E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands thru dp1 with an hdmi adapter no output thru dp2 - no hdmi dvi ports}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC231 codec head phones only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111h}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit quad GX-424CC 19.5v external psu - CN-0Y62H1 mobo with 2 layered ddr3l 16Gb max sodimm slots at edge of mobo, bottom 0 one blocking - passive no fan so quiet - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 3040 (N10D) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 4c4t Intel Cherry Trail x5 Z-8350 (1.44 GHz Quad) - two versions, one is 5V-3A, the other is 12V-2A - 2 GB DDR3L 1600 MHz, 8 GB or 16 GB eMMC flash chip, all soldered down - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Fujitsu Siemens====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Scenic [http://uk.ts.fujitsu.com/rl/servicesupport/techsupport/ProfessionalPC/Scenic/ScenicE/ScenicE.htm E600] (compact desktop)
| 
| 
| {{partial|VESA only}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| 
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| {{dunno}}
| Nice small, silent PC with good AROS support.
|-
| Scenic T i845
| {{dunno}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{dunno|Intel AC97}}
| {{dunno|UHCI}}
| {{dunno|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| AROS does not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S200 S210 S220 and later S300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| compactflash CF card max ??}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 315PRO PCI/AGP }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 via }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|via uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|via VT6102 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - TR5670 Rev 1.4 mother with Transmeta TM5800 cpu - pci socket - single SODIMM socket for DDR memory PC2700S max 512MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| but swap with compactflash CF card already with AROS installed}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS741CX }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 SiS7018}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|sis uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz gets hot - SiS 963L / SiS 741CX chipset - 12V 4.2A 4-pin (DP-003-R) psu - single SODIMM socket for DDR PC2700S max 1G - large case 246 x 48 x 177cms torx screws - pci socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;FUJITSU Futro S700 and S900 Thin Client (based on mini-ITX motherboard D3003-A12, D3003-C1 lesser variant of [https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/Futro/s900/TechNotes_V3.1_Mini-ITX_D3003-S.pdf D3003-S]) 
*G-T56N 1.65GHz
*G-T40N 1.00GHz
*G-T44R 1.20GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata data socket but mSata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6320, HD 6250, HD 6290 dvi or displayport (DP runs higher) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|two USB2 front sockets and four on the rear}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit AMD slow atom-like and fanless - 20V 2A psu 5.5mm/2.1mm coax (S900) - mSATA 1GB-16GB - 2 DDR3L SODIMM sockets max 8GB tricky to run 1333 MHz on the Futro S900 - proprietary X2 PCI-e - 1 PCI socket but need a right-angle adaptor - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo p420 e85 desktop case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or old Geforce in pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16 pin special psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo E420 e85+ SFF case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or low profile pci-e card 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16ish pin special psu - hd under front metal bracket, take front cover off first with 3 tabs - 3 slim pci-e slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S520 AMD dual 1.0Ghz codenamed &quot;Steppe Eagle&quot;
* GX-210HA @ 1.0GHz
* GX-212ZC @ 1.2GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4G or 16G flash memory is soldered to the board
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 8210E (GX210HA) or AMD Radeon R1E (GX212ZC)
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 smaller than ITX 160mm x 160mm Fujitsu D3314-A11 - 19V - 20V 2A. I used a 19V 3.4A PSU standard 5.5mm/2.1mm coax plug - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Futro S720 ThinClient D3313-B13 D3313-F
*2014 64bit AMD GX-217GA 1.65GHz VFY:S0720P8009FR VFY:S0720P8008DE VFY:S0720P4009GB
*2015 64bit AMD GX-222GC 2.20GHz VFY:S0720P702BDE VFY:S0720P702BFR 
 all begin VFY:S0720P and end two digit country code
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Yes|up to 2 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata was running very well on AHCI and IDE-Mode and 2242 mSata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for AMD Radeon HD 8280E GCN2 IGP later R5E GCN3 IGP}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working, external audio speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0 but not front 2 USB 3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit slow atom like cores so fanless - 1 ddr3 Sodimm slot max 8Gb - 19V-20V 2A 5.5mm/2.5mm coax - D3313-B13 stripped down Mini-ITX mobo D3313-S1/-S2/-S3 (eKabini) D3313-S4/-S5/-S6 - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S920 D3313-E	D3313-G
*2016 AMD GX-222GC SOC 2.20GHz Dual 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-424CC 2.40 GHz Quad
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|2242 mSata and 1 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata possible}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|use VESA for Radeon R5E GCN2 or GCN3 IGP}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio partially working}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0, front 2 USB 3.1 downgradable to 2.0 in BIOS setting}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AROS One USB 2.4
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 so dimm slot with max of 8 GB - 19v barrel psu 5.5mm 2.5mm - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe socket for wireless card - propetary X2 connector with official raizer to X1 connector - almost silent background noise, not affecting sound quality in any way
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S9011 Thin Client VFY:S9011THU1EIN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario 7360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Working}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 via}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq EP Series 6400/10
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|ISA}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Evo D510
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX2000 MT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel Extreme 2 (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|detects AC97 but no support for ADI AD1888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|OHCI/EHCI }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82526EZ e1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.51
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boots ok but no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX 2200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|OHCI/EHCI issues }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; d230
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (speaker and headphones only, no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion a220n || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|VESA 1024x768 on nVidia GF4 MX with 64MB shared video ram}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC650 AC'97 comp.}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8201BL 10/100 LAN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.5|| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit athlon xp 2600+ Socket 462 / Socket A - 2 dimm ddr pc2700 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t500 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|FX5200 (2D; 3D with older driver)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 ICH4 ALC658D}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8101L 8139}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2012-09-22
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DC7700
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ICH8}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|82566DM e1000e}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2013-??-??
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Some support at low cost 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP dc 7600 CMT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ACL 260}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO/1000 GT}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series t5500 t5510 t5515 PC538A or PC542A t5700 t5710 Transmeta Crusoe Code Morphing TM 5400 5600 800Mhz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128mb to 512MB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7000M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|Issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA Rhine 2
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - ddr max 1GB - F10 setup - all t51xx and some t55xx units will not include a SODIMM slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series CN700 
*HSTNC-002L-TC	t5135, t5530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d 128Mb Via S3 1600 x 1200 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit t5135 appears identical to the t5530 except the CPU VIA Esther 400 MHz - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 3.33A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5720, t5725 HSTNC-001L-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d SiS741GX 2048 x 1536 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SiS SiS7012 AC'97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 8d)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz socketed - RAM 512MB or 1GB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB - 12V psu - sis DDMA support - custom 1.13 BIOS - pci low profile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series VX800 HSTNC-004-TC t5145, t5540, t5545, t5630 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio VIA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit (rev 82)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit   - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 4.16A Coax: 5.5mm/2.1mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5730w HSTNC-003-TC t5730 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a|ATA 44pin DOM Flash}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d ATI Radeon X1250 2048 x 1536 no 3D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|6 x USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5707M tg3 10/100/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit AMD Sempron 2100+ 1GHz - 1 slot of ddr2 sodimm (Max 2GB) - 12V 4.16A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - F10  enter bios F12 boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HSTNC-005-TC gt7720, gt7725 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d AMD RS780G HD 3200 - 2560 x 1600 DVI-D &amp; DVI-H
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Turion Dual Core CPU 2.3GHz - 1 DDR2 200-pin SODIMM - 19V 4.16A Coax 7.4mm/5.0mm (gt7725) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5740 Thin Client HSTNC-006-TC t5740, t5745, st5742 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Intel CL40 VGA and DisplayPort connectors}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with IDT codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly build and Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit Atom N280 - F10 on power up to get into the BIOS screens. F12 brings up the boot options - hp 19V one with a coax connector, outer diameter 4.8mm with inner to be 1.7mm to 1.4mm - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 3gb due to 32bit - 1 pci-e slot completely non standard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series HSTNC-012-TC VIA Nano u3500 VX900 
*t5550 512MB/1GB Windows CE6 R3
*t5565 1GB/1GB HP ThinPro
*t5570 2GB/1GB WES 2009 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 GPU Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 9170 VT1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit - 1 sodimm - 19V 3.42A supply connector standard yellow-tip coax plug 4.8mm/1.8mm &quot;Standard HP Compaq DC Power Plug 4.8mm x 1.5mm / 1.7mm Yellow Tip Connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t510 Via Eden X2 U4200 HSTNC-012-TC shares features with t5570e, t5565z 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2G ATA Flash DOM
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;one 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for Chrome9 VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 gfx}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|6 USB2 }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit - one slot ddr3 sodimm max 4GB - 19V 3.42A Coax 4.8mm/1.8mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T610 Thin Client and thicker PLUS version 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 6320 1 dp port 1 dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;two USB2 on the front, two USB2 and two USB 3 ports on the rear 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit AMD G-T56N A55E - 2 204-pin DDR3 1600MHz SODIMMs PC3-12800 under motherboard via removable panel - 19.5V 3A Coax male 7.4mm/5.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T420 Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8180 dvi vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 front 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD Embedded G-Series GX-209JA SOC (1 GHz, 2 cores) 1GHz - soldered in place 2GB DDR3 - smaller than usual 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - usb stick internal for storage - E15 BBR - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t520 TPC-W016 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 mounting holes for 2242 and 2260 SSDs SATA (not NVME) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 2017 64 bit AMD GX-212JC 1.2Ghz (2 core) - 1 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM - 19.5V 3.33A 7.4mm Coax with central pin 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t620 TPC-I004-TC and t620 PLUS (PRO wider version) TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;single M.2 2242 socket sata only most models, mSATA socket removed end of 2014, 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8280E graphics 8330E Sea Islands GCN2 IGP - 2 dp ports no dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 front, 2 back, 2 inside 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD G-Series GX-217GA 2 core APU 1.65GHz, AMD GX-415GA - 2 DDR3L SODIMMs side by side - mSATA ssd and M.2 SSD are M1.6 screws, M2.0 screws used on most SSDs - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 sata ssd up to 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;1 USB3.1, 1 usb-c front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit AMD GX-215JJ (2 core) 1.5GHz - 1 204-pin DDR4 SODIMM - smaller 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T730 Wider &quot;Thin&quot; Client TPC-I018-TC Pixar - no display and fans blowing full speed caused by '''disabling internal gpu in bios''' flash L43_0116.bin onto smc MX25L6473F (3.3V 8-PIN SOP (200mil) SPI 25xx) ([https://www.badcaps.net/forum/troubleshooting-hardware-devices-and-electronics-theory/troubleshooting-desktop-motherboards-graphics-cards-and-pc-peripherals/bios-schematic-requests/96303-hp-t730-password-locked-bios in the rom rcvry socket under a delicate thin narrow surface flap]) with ch341a alike switchable from 5v, 3.3v to 1.8v 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|Set bios to IDE and not AHCI - add noacpi to end of grub line - 1 M.2 SATA slot (Key B+M) up to 2280 with T8 torx secure stub}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon R7 GCN 2 UVD4.2 Sea Islands with 4 dp outs '''but too easy bricking''' if swapping with 1 PCIe 3.0 x8 slot 30W slim factor low profile 8400gs gt210 nvs295 nvs310 gt1030}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDaudio 6.34 realtek alc221 codec thru case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|'''Works''' for 4 USB2 in the back with 2 in the front but '''not''' for 2 USB3 ports on front and 1 more internal (not bootable)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG set up first in Prefs/Network}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2 USB with added noacpi grub boot 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit RX-427BB With 2 DDR3L notebook RAM sodimm stacked slots max 32GB - '''Larger''' 20cm/8&quot; high 3.5ltr case noisy fan TPM 1.2 - esc/F9 boot selector F10 enter bios - 2 serial and 1 parallel old ports - Key E Wireless - PCIe slot (x16 physical, x8 electrical - 19.5 4.36A 85w standard HP 7.4mm black-ring-tip power plug, red flashing power button, wrong psu or bad MotherBoard MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t630 Thin Client TPC-I020-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|2 Sata M.2, sata0 up to 2280 (1tb max), sata1 2242 (64gb max), both T8 torx secure stubs}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon AMD Wani R7E with 2 displayport 1.2 sockets - no dvi / hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 VOID for controller 0x1022 0x157a and not detected ALC255 codec x10ec x0255 aka ALC3234, pins 0x17 as LFE and 0x1b as int speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2 2 front and 2 rear but not 2 front USB3 and 1 inside}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111H}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 3rd Generation AMD Embedded G-Series SoC GX-420GI quad core 2Ghz - 2 DDR4 SODIMMs side by side speed 1866Mhz limit - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - can be easily bricked, might reflash bios with M40 SP149736 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - esc f1 f9 f10 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Elite 7200 7300 8200 8300 SFF with kettle IEC psu cable 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE ata legacy only in BIOS}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;i pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|8200 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel or Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit dual core - add pci-e rtl8169 ethernet card and pci-e gf210 nvidia low height - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Pro 6305 Small Form Factor SFF AMD A75 chipset (FCH 6 SATA 6 Gb/s, 4 USB 3.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 7000 iGPU series 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD ALC221 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 5761 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit AMD Quad A10-5800B with Radeon HD 7660D Graphics (3.8 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 100 W), AMD A8-5500B with Radeon HD 7560D Graphics (3.2 GHz, 4MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD Dual A6-5400B with Radeon HD 7540D Graphics (3.6 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W), 
AMD A4-5300B with Radeon HD 7480D Graphics (3.4 GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 65 W)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G1 - SFF
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA with Radeon R7 GCN1 or 8x70}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD audio with Realtek ALC221 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AMD A10-8850B, 3.9 GHz AMD Quad-Core A10 PRO-7850B,  
AMD A10-8750B, 3.6 GHz
AMD A10-7800B 3.57GHz, A10 PRO-6800B 
AMD A8-8650B, 3.2 GHz
AMD A8-7600B, 3.1 GHz
AMD A6-8550B, 3.7 GHz
AMD A6-8350B, 3.5 GHz, Dual A6 PRO – 7400B, 
AMD A4-7300B, 3.8 GHz - T15 security torx psu with 6pin PWR 200W connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G2, 705 G3 Mini PC USFF thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in and m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5762 GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AM4 socket with 35W TDP A10-8770E (4c), AMD PRO A6-8570E (2c), AMD Pro A6-9500E, or AMD PRO A10-9700E on AMD B300 FCH - ddr4 sodimm slots - 77 x 175 x 34mm (6.97 x 6.89 x 1.34in) 1L and about 3lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G4 Mini 1ltr USFF AMD Ryzen 3 2200G (4c t) or 5 2400G (4c t)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and 2.5in sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru DP1.2 port 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant  codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit Am4 socket - 2 sodimm 16GB max - 19.5v hp socket ext psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G4 35w, Elitedesk 705 G4 65w, HP Prodesk 405 G4 35W USFF - AMD Athlon PRO 200GE (2c 4t), 2200GE (4c t) or 2400GE (4c t) on AMD B350 FCH, Elitedesk 705 G5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and older models 2.5in sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3, 8 or 11 with 2 dp1.2 ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Conexant CX20632 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111EPH 1Gbe or Realtek RTL8111F 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - realtek wifi 8821 or 8822 - up to 1 ddr4 dimm slots - 12v up to 180w ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitedesk 806 G6, Prodesk 405 G6 3400GE Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Ryzen 3 PRO 3200GE 3150GE (4c 4t), AMD Athlon Silver PRO 3125GE (2c 4t) on AMD PRO 565 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x NVMe or 1x SATA + 1x NVMe, but not all three drives at the same time without serious modding of hd caddie || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega with DP1.4 port || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t540 1ddr4 slot, t640 2 DDR4 SDRAM sodimm SO-DIMM 260-pin non-ECC max 32gb thin client USFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVM Express (NVMe) 2230 or 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 VGA, DisplayPort 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 gen1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek Realtek RTL8111HSH or RTL8111E PH-CG 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit ryzen r1000 series Ryzen Embedded R1305G 1.5 GHz, R1505G dual (2c 4t) 2.0Ghz or R1606G ?.?Ghz (2c4t) - Realtek RTL8852AE wifi - 45W psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t740 SFF Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2, one is sata and other nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 DisplayPort or + optional pci-e 30W Radeon E9173
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E PH-CG 1Gbe
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - Ryzen Embedded V1756B 3.25Ghz quad - 90W 19.5V 4.62A psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - sodimm DDR4 max 64Gb - slightly noisy fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 805 G6 Mini 4750GE (8t 16t), Prodesk 405 G6 Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (6c 12t) or Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (4c 8t) on AMD PRO 565
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in carrier and 2 slots m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 with DP1.4 and HDMI flex io2 output options 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb a - gen 2 10gig and gen 1 5gig ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit AMD Ryzen 4000 SBC unlocked - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - wifi6 - 90W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Lenovo====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Nettop IdeaCentre Q150 (40812HU) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 10/100
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D510 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M625q Tiny (1L)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Stoney Radeon R2, R3 or R4 and later R5 with 2 dp ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  ALC233-VB2-CG codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3 usb3.1 Gen 1 and 3 usb2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit all dual cores - e2-9000e or a4-9120e later A9-9420e - heatsink covers 70% area covers wifi - 65w or 135w lenovo rectangle ac - 1 ddr4 2666MHz slot max 8gb - tpm 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 1 AMD A6 A8 A10-9700E 9770E (2c2t) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 2 Ryzen 5 PRO 2400GE 4C 8T 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - f1 enter setup, esc device boot - fixed 1.8v ch341a needed to reflash 1.8v bios if no boot SOP8 DIP8 Winbond W25Q64, MXIC MX25U1635, MX25U6435 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCenter M75n nano Ryzen3 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre M75q M75q-1 Tiny 1ltr TMM AMD Ryzen 5 PRO Quad 3500 Pro 3400GE (4c 8t) 11a5 soe400, 3200GE (2c 4t) zen1+ 11a4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVMe 2280 1Tb max - untested 2.5inch}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB3 Gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 65w 20v 3.25A to 135W rectangle psu - 2 sodimm ddr4 sodimm max 32GB locked 2666MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre Ryzen 7 PRO Tiny 1ltr Gen 2 AMD 4000 series 4650GE (6c12t) 4750GE (8c16t) 4350G (4c8t) Zen2 - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVme}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit vendor locked - 20v psu - 2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcenter M75q-2 Gen2 refresh 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GigE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5650GE (6c12t) 5750GE (8c16t) - vendor/PSB can lock your AMD CPU - f12 boot devices
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Impart impact Media Group IQ Box mini Digital Signage with MB896 mini itx 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 915 gme 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; via audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 1 ddr2 slot - pentium m 1.73GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac_mini_cd_1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel MacMini1,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/186749 Sigmatel Stac 9221] [https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-wear-5.1.1_r0.6/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c codec][https://alsa-devel.alsa-project.narkive.com/Yt20W6cE/sigmatel-stac9221-mux-amp-out-0x02-microphone-not-working mic]}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit possible 1.83 GHz Intel “Core Duo” (T2400) - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - maybe hack with a 2,1 firmware - max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only with c key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac-mini-core-2-duo-1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel Mac Mini2,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 Sigmatel Stac 9221 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 2.0/ Icaros (latest beta)
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - hacked with a 2,1 firmware and replaced the cpu for T7600 2.33 Ghz C2D and max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only via c key 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 5,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 1.83GHz 17&quot; T5600 MA710LL || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 with 64Mb || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 17.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1440x900 - polycarbonate 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 6,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 2.16 2.33 24&quot; only T7400 T7600 aka MA456LL/A A1200 (EMC 2111) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300GT with 128 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM PCI Express or GeForce 7600GT with 256Mb mini dvi, vga || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 24.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1920 x 1200 - polycarbonate plastic case iMacs of this generation are the most difficult iMacs to service due to their front bezel design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona TC3200 (), TC3x41 (P3VB-VXL), TC3xx1 (6VLE-VXL0), TC43xx (Gigabyte C7V7VX) thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC'97 Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100B 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 2006 32bit VIA CPUs, 1 DIMM slot, internal psu, 
*TC3200, VIA Samuel 2 533Mhz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3541, VIA C3 Nehamiah 800MHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3641, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC133 
*TC3841, VIA Samuel 2 800MHz, DIMM PC2100 
*TC3931, VIA C3 Nehamiah 1GHz, DIMM PC2100	
*TC4321, VIA 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT402, Clientron U700, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Optiplex FX170 D05U thin client, 10Zig 56xx range 5602, 5616v, 5617v, 5672v, Clientron U800, Devon IT TC5, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|GMA 950 dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 ddr2 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport - ps2 keyboard socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT-616V or Chip PC Technologies EX-PC (model number XPD4741)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit N270 on NM10 with ICH7 - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 4a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix GS-A21S-RH (rev. 1.0) SFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|X3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC883-GR codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DC}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit Intel GME965 chipset with Intel ICH8M - 2 DDR2 Dimm slots - GA-6KIEH2-RH Rev.1.x mini ITX Case 213mm(D) x 64mm(W) x 234mm(H) - custom psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona MD+24 MD27 MD54 MD64 MD76 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA Chrome 9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit VIA X2 U4200 - 12v-19v barrel psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock ION 330 330Pro HT-BD, Foxconn NT-330i, Zotac ION F (IONITX mini itx), 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ION geforce 9400}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit slow atom cpu - 2.5L 8&quot; by 8&quot; plastic case - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - external 19v 65W 3.42A Plug 5.5mm X 2.5mm  - little whiny fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC261}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT V2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC251}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 65 W AC, DC 19V~3.42A, 19.3L x 14.8w x 2.2H cm (1l), weight 530g, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nouveau ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.jetwaycomputer.com/JBC600C99352W.html Jetway JBC600C99352W] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|C-Media CM108AH}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111DL 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D525 - DDR3 - 12v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn nT-A3550 A3500 AMD A45 Chipset DDR3 Nettop Barebones - White
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 back and 2 USB3 front 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit AMD Dual-core E350 1.6GHz CPU - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus EeeBox PC EB1021 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-350 SFF or E-450 with A50M - 2 ddr3l so-dimm - 40W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xi3 Piston PC Athlon64 X2 3400e (X5A), AMD R-464L quad (X7A) Z3RO NUC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD mobility HD3650 to radeon HD 7660G 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 3 USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8161}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 - 2 sodimm 8GB max - 19v 3.3a round - Titan105 bios update - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-450 with A45M -  ddr3l so-dimm - 65W ac - Wireless is Realtek 8191SU WiFi (802.11n) or AzureWave (802.11bgn) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung Syncmaster Thin Client Display TC-W Series 24&quot; LF24 TOWHBFM/EN TC220W LED LF22TOW HBDN/EN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8gb SSD || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| VESA mode only Radeon HD 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Thin Client C-50 AMD® 1000 MHz and no wireless 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advantech TPC-2140 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56E 1.65Ghz up to SSE3, BGA413 soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab FIT-PC3 fitPC3 USFF PC AMD G-T56N || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON HD 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC888 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64 - 12v 3a - 2x sodimm DDR3 max 4GB - wifi rtl8188ce 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig 6872 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit atom-like G-T56N up to SSE3 BGA413 (FT1) soldered - DDR3l single channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7800q thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit AMD GX-424CC (Quad Core) 2.4GHz BGA769 (FT3b) SSE4 and AVX - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*Itona VXL MZE12 AMD a4-5000 thin client 
*VXL Itona LQ27 LQ+27 LQ44 LQ+44 LQ49 LQ+49 LQ50 LQ+50 LQ64 LQ+64 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati 8330 vga hdmi dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit quad BGA769 (FT3) soldered - 2 stacked sodimm ddr3 middle of mobo - 2 m.2 sata slots - 1 sata short cable half size space - limited 1ltr 8in case no fan - 19v hp style psu connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5212 21.5&quot; AIO Thin Client W11B 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 out from DP or vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit slow atom like dual core AMD G-T48E 1.4 GHz - dell type round ac needed 90W 19.5V 4.62A - 21 inch 1080p screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LG 24CK560N-3A 24' All-in-One Thin Client Monitor, 27CN650N-6N 27CN650W-AC 27', 34CN650W-AC 34', 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Prairie Falcon GX-212JJ 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab fit-PC4 fitPC4 4x 2Ghz AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64 - 2x DDR4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL Hedgehog M340C UD3 thin client 
*2016 V1.0 AMD GX-412HC 1.2GHz-1.6GHz Radeon R3E, normal bios DEL for Bios or F12 boot selector 
*2018 AMD GX-424CC 2.4GHz, Radeon R5E, UEFI hit DEL and choose boot or SCU icon 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SATA half slim version '''limited space''' with msata slot on earlier 2016 models
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Radeon R3E later R5E dvi dp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with codec ?? (412) and  Realtek ALC662-VD0-GR (424), both case speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;amd usb3 boot usb2 with bios &quot;disable usb&quot; entry 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111 (412) and (424)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One x86 USB 1.5, 1.8 and 2.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 20cm/8&quot; high case - 1 DDR3L sodimm slot max 8Gb 1600MHz - external '''12V 3A''' supply with 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - IDE like interface under base stand is for legacy addon ports RS232 parallel etc - capacitive touch power on - case opening 3 stages, remove stand and narrow black plastic strip from the back, top cover slides off to the back and lifts off - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD3 M350C (UEFI issues) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™ R R1505G Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C AMD Ryzen V1605B Thin Client
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 AMD Ryzen™ Embedded V1605B 2 – 3.6 GHz (Quad-Core) - 12v 5A psu - up to 16GB RAM DDR4 - locked down components and very limited expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix Barebone Mini PC BSRE-1605
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EliteGroup LIFA Q3 Plus 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen Embedded V1000, V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM Deskmini UM250 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle DA320 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 R5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual realtek 1GbE 8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit AMD 2200G 2400G - Robust metal 1.3-liter case - A320 chipset DDR4 - 19V 6.32A DC PSU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T-Bao MN25 Mini PC 2500U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Unk|Intel NVMe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA Radeon Vega 8}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek PCIe 1GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum DeskMini UM300 3300U, UM350 DMAF5 3550H, UM370 3750H  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER3 GTR4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 3 or 10 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RJ45 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 3200u or 3750h 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER4 GTR5
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;cant boot from installed SSDs unless its an M.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 or 2 Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 4700U or 5900HX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI PRO DP20Z 5M Mini PC - AMD Ryzen 5 5300G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;R3 3200G Vega 8 - R5 3400G Vega 11 - Ryzen 5 5600G Vega 7 - Athlon 3000G
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM450 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - Ryzen 4500U - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix 
GB-BRR7-4800 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR7-4700 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR5-4500 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR3-4300 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN50 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN51-S1 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega thru dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 19v or 19.5v 90w psu round barrel - 32gb ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum Bessstar Tech EliteMini B550 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 x 2.5in and 2 nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|4 usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 8125 2.5GbE}}  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit AMD 4700G 5700G desktop cpu - 19v 120w round barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A300 and later X300 Mini itx with Desktop AM4 socket 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - choose your own AMD APU GE 35w based - DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 4x4 BOX-5800U Zen 3-based AMD Ryzen 7 5800U 15W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 slot gen 3 and sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 GbE and 1 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - WiFi 6E - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton S500+ Gaming Mini PC - Morefine S500+ 5900HX Mini PC - Minisforum UM590 Ryzen AMD Zen3 Ryzen 9 5900HX 7 5800H 45W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 1 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru HDMI 2.0, DP 1.4, and USB type-C 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 realtek rtl 8111h and 1 8125 2.5GbE bg-cg}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 sodimm ddr4 3200MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chuwi RzBox 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 vga, dp, hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|usb-c usb2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual gigabit 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit amd 5800h 4800h - 90w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC SER5, Trigkey AZW S5, Asus PN52, ZHI BEN MX-JB560, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe3 M.2 2280 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 6 with 1 or 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5500U 5560u 5600U to PRO 5600H 5800H - 19v 3.42W 65W psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NIPOGI Kamrui ACEMAGICIAN AM06PRO Dual LAN Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 5 5500U or 5600U/5625U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE ports 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - plastic build - 90w usb-c power - loud at 25W setting - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton FU02 Fanless Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U 5600U 5800U 8 Core 16 Threads
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 3.0 with 2 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x 1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - fanless with copper cube from cpu to metal sheet which gets warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xuu XR1 Lite (5300u 4c 8t) PRO 5400U   MAX 5600U  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe 2242 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 6
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 quiet fan - very small case no expansions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM UM690 Venus Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie4 nvme 2280 and 1 sata3 2.5in 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|1 USB4 and 2 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C16T - 2 ddr5 sodimmm - 19v ???W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR6 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M RDNA2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5GbE or intel i225}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit Ryzen 9 6900HX Zen3+ and a 2gb Radeon 680m 12CU ddr5 sodimm - 19v 120w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PN53, Geekom AS 6, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie gen4 nvme and ata 2.5in
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi and 1 dp
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|2 usb-c, 2 USB2.1 and 3 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C 16T - 2 slots ddr5 sodimmm (64Gb max) - 19v 120W - 4 retained base screws beware ribbon cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Micro Computer (HK) Tech Ltd MinisForum UM773 Lite, GMKtec K2 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe PCIe4.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RDNA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - AMD Zen 3+ (8c 16t) Ryzen 7 7735HS, 7840HS and AMD Ryzen 9 7845HX - 120w ac adapter - ddr5 sodimm 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.asrockind.com/en-gb/4x4 ASrock 4x4 SBC] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata or nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega or 680M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 or USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE or intel 2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR7 SER7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4 nvme 2280 up to 2Tb
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M RDNA3 GPU output on hdmi and dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1 or 2 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit AMD Phoenix APUs Zen 4 CPU Ryzen 7 7840HS or 9 7940HS (8c 16t) - 19v 5.26A 120w psu - del dios setup f7 choose boot - 2 thunderbolt-type usb-c on back - up to 64gb via 2 ddr5 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Server Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

====IBM====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;xSeries 206m
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI RN50b (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0 (UHCI/EHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014-09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Motherboard===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* Late 2002, USB2.0 added and slightly better AROS sound support (AC97) appeared 
* 2002-2005 and still, to a limited extent, ongoing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague bad capacitors] 
* Late 2003, ATX PSUs moved from 5V to 12v rails (extra 4pin on motherboard for CPU) 


* Late 2005, PCI Express replaced AGP and HDAudio replaced AC97 
* Late 2007, ATX PSUs added extra 12V PCI-E connectors and 4+4pin for CPUs 
* Late 2010, USB3.0 appears on motherboards or needing a PCI-E motherboard slot 

* Late 2014 Hardware USB2 removed from USB3 chipsets 


====AMD====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 7 (1997/1999)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1997 VT82C586B (QFP-208) is the first from VIA with DDMA
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 VT82C686 has close to excellent DDMA support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;SiS 5581/5582
SiS 5591/5595
SiS 530 /5595
SiS 600/5595
SiS 620/5595
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket A 462 (2001/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2217921/ABIT-NF7-S-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Abit NF7-S] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SIL 3112A  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97 (Nvidia APU)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201LB  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Realtek RTL8801B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7NF2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce2 ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMedia CMI 9761A AC'97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8201 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S8X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 746FX 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97 cmedia}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S41GX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 741GX + DDR 333
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|onboard sis does not work with vga or vesa but AGP 8x works}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SIS 7012}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS 900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works ok
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.asus.com ASUS A7N8X] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Silicon Image Sil 3112A
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ehci USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;first total support for AROS in 2004/5 - damocles and M Schulz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar M7NCD
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chaintech 7NJS Ultra Zenith
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Promise PDC 20376  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|CMI8738}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty NF2 Ultra
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|via ac97 VT1616}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8139C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ECS N2U400-A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Cmedia 9379A AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|VIA VT6103L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA7N400L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.gigabyte.lv/products/page/mb/ga-8siml Gigabyte 8SIML] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 650
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8100L LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Matsonic [http://www.elhvb.com/mobokive/archive/matsonic/manual/index.html Manuals] MS83708E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS730 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|SiS 5513}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|sis 305 no support use VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|sis7018}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|SiS 7001 USB 1.1 only}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SIS900}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=bph07585&amp;lc=en&amp;dlc=en&amp;cc=us&amp;dest_page=softwareCategory&amp;os=228&amp;tool=softwareCategory&amp;query=Pavilion%20742n&amp;product=89232 MSI MS-6367 HP 722n 742n (Mambo) (2001/2)] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nforce 220D (2001/2) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce2 AGP works 2D nouveau only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 ADI 1885 no volume control on Units 0-3}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB1.1 ports AMD based - front 2 ports iffy}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|nForce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested 20th Aug 2012 NB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 [http://us.msi.com/index.php?func=proddesc&amp;maincat_no=1&amp;prod_no=546/ Delta ILSR] Delta-L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 Delta2-LSR Platinum  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 ALC655}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2204281/Soltek-SL-75MRN-L-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Soltek 75FRN-L] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8201BL}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.3dvelocity.com/reviews/mach4nf2ultra/mach4.htm XFX Pine Mach4 nForce2 Ultra 400] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|3 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports VIA VT6240}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A7V266 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;via KT266A + 8233 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{no|issues}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with AD1980 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 8233 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6103 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 issues with booting 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A7V8X-X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|agp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with ADI AD1980 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA 8235}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|Realtek 10/100}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not booting for Socket A for AMD Barton/Thoroughbred/Athlon XP/Athlon/Duron 2.25+ GHz CPU - 3 x DDR DIMM Sockets Max. 3 GB - 
|-
|}


=====Socket 754 (2004/5)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit NF8-V2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB (2004/5)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot x8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 ac97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;a little support but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar CK8 K8HNA Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;VT6420 thru ide legacy only 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 ALC655}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.extremeoverclocking.com/reviews/motherboards/Chaintech_ZNF3-150_3.html Chaintech ZNF3-150 Zenith] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|Sli3114 SATA via IDE emul}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA Envy24PT (VT1720) + VT1616}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom GbE 5788}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very little support needs PCI cards but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty UT nF3 250GB 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250gb
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports nForce3 and 2 Marvell SATA PHY}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC850}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;CK8S - Winfast NF3 250K8AA works and Marvell 88E1111 does not work
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 some support but no Firewire VIA VT6307
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8N
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI43AB23 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte K8NNXP
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata sil3512 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTl8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI STB82AA2 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8NSNXP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SiI 3512 CT128 Sata Sil3515
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvel 88E8001}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K8N Neo-FIS2R 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nVIDIA NF3-250Gb 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek 7.1 AC'97 ALC850 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E1111}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://techreport.com/articles.x/5748/1 Shuttle AN50R] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF3-150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sil 3112 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC650 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia nF3 (10/100) Intel 82540EM Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Foxconn WinFast K8S755A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SiS755 + SiS964 (DDR333) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Socket 939 (2005)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-LA GeForce 6150 LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Geforce 6150 (MCP51) + nForce 430 (PC-3200)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|two ATA 133}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|four 3.0GB/s SATAII ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;built in or PCI-E x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC883 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201CL 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-SLI Premium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVidia 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|PCIe slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce LAN but not Marvell}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI nF4 Ultra-D LanParty - Diamond Flower International sold to BenQ group 2010 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF4 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA 2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Gigabit Ethernet, PCIe by Vitesse VSC8201 PHY nee Cicada 8201, PCI by Marvel 88E8001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit - Four 184-pin DDR Dual-Channel Slots - 1 pci on Ultra, 2 pci on sli, 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8V E SE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T890 +VT8237R CHIPSET ATX AMD Motherboard with Athlon 64 X2 / Athlon 64 FX / Athlon 64 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe}} AC97 driver using Realtek ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} USB 2.0 only 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No}} Marvell 88E8053 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good base but needs additional PCI cards added for better support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A8V Deluxe (2004) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T800 Pro (DDR400)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;Promise 20378 2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 SATA2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA VT8233A 8235 8237 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;needs extra PCI cards
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock 939Dual-SATA2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali Uli M1695 PCIe with M1567 AGP 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 Sata with JMicron JMB360 chip 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e and 1 agp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8201CL PHY ULi 10/100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;64bit pci-e and agp combo on board - 4 ddr slots - 
|}


=====Socket AM2 (2006/8) and AM2+ (2007-2010) =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M61PME-S2 (rev. 2.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 6100 / nForce 430 chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Realtek ALC662 Audio Codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N61-AR mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE via vga or 1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Nvidia
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit - 1 pci - 2 ddr2 dimm slots non-eec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus m2n68-am se2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nvidia 630a 630/a MCP68SE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports MCP61 chipset is SATA over IDE, not SATA over AHCI and reports subsystem as 0x1 IDE, not 0x6 SATA 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nvidia 7025 2d and 3d thru vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|hd audio with realtek alc662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce chipset RTL 8201CP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Phenom IIX2, Athlon 64 LE X2, Sempron, and Phenom FX processors - ddr2 667Mhz ram max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM2+ / AM2 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M3A32-MVP Deluxe
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 790FX RD790 + SB600 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88SE6121 SATA II}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio ADI® AD1988}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8056}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASROCK N68-S N68C-S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD based nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|slimline DVD drive works}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GF 7025 use vesa}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for VIA 1708S VT1705}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|echi usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201EL / 8201CL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 unbuffered 1066Mhz ddr2 ram - N68C-S may need noacpi added to grub boot line to disable pci temporarily to run as it cannot get to [PCI] Everything OK - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N68-AM Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 64, Sempron, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon 64 FX with nvidia 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;no vga, pci-e slot only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with ALC662 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8211CL Gigabit LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;adding &quot;noacpi noapic noioapic&quot; to the GRUB options - Dual channel DDR2 1066, 800, 667 MHz  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68M-S2 (1.0) S2P (2.3) S2L GA-M68SM-S2 (1.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025,  vga (s2 and s2p), dvi (s2l) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC883 (S2), ALC888B (S2P), ALC662 (S2L), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8201CL (S2), 8211CL (S2P), 8211BL (S2L), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit possible with AMD AM2+ CPU on AM2 motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0(5200MHz) to HT1.0(2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M2N68-VM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a (MCP68PVNT) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia GeForce ® 7050PV hdmi, dvi and vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio VIA 1708B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8211C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - ddr2 800Mhz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM3 White socket (2010/11)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA74GM-S2 GA-MA74GM-S2H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;740g with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|bios IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 2100 and pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 (r1.x),ALC888b (r2.0), ALC888B (rev4.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111C later 8111D
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 23.4cm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.vesalia.de/e_aresone2011.htm Aresone 2011]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;760g 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|no Radeon HD3000 driver yet&lt;br&gt;vesa driver works&lt;br&gt;and add PCIe card}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support - 4 DDR3 memory sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn A76ML-K 3.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760g rev3.0
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|4 in IDE mode }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 1.0 to 1.4) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|4 sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8168 rtl8111c/d}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 2.0 2.1)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM3 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A785TD-M PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;785G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|ide legacy}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4200 - use vesa}} or pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support with 1366 ddr3 ram - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M4A88T-I Deluxe ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G with AMD SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Three SATA 3Gbps
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4350 GPU with HDMI and DVI or One 16x PCI-Express 2.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB 2, 2 x USB 3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8112L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 SODIMM DDR3 slots max 8GB
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A88T-M Version E5907 E5826 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 4250 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek rtl8169 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte 890GPA-UD3H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890GX together with SB850
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use pci-e nvidia 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe - ALC892 rev. 1.0, ALC892 rev 2.1, ALC889 rev. 3.1 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well overall 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-890FXA-UD7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX with SB850 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 2.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|AMD USB2 but limited with NEC D720200F1 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111D 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - XL-ATX Form Factor 32.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 890GXM-G65 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;890GX + SB750
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI 4290 built-in (vesa)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 DD GR}} HD Audio crackles 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock N68-VS3 FX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA® VT1705 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek PHY RTL8201EL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x DDR3 DIMM slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GF615M-P35 MS-7597
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC888S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|freezes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8211CL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.3), ACL887 (3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit possible, AMD AM3 CPU on this motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0 (5200MT/s) to HT1.0 (2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.x 2.x), ALC889 (3.0), ALC888B/889 (3.1),  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4N78 PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 8300  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 xUltraDMA 133/100 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce® 8 series GPU with 1 PCIe 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA1708S 8 -Channel  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;12 USB 2.0 ports (8 ports at mid-board, 4 ports at back panel)  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x DIMM, Max. 16 GB, DDR2 1200(O.C.)/1066*/800/667 ECC,Non-ECC,Un-buffered Memory - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 9.6 inch ( 30.5 cm x 24.4 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket AM3+ Black socket (2012/15)=====

*095W FX-6300 FD6300WMHKBOX (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320E 8core Black Editions FD832EWMHKBOX  FX-8370E  (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*125W FX-6310 (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320 FX-8350 FX-8370 (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*220W 990FX mobos with FX-9000 FX-9370 FX-9590 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M5A78L-M LX3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G with SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887, V? ALC892 codecs 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros 8161/8171 add realtek 8111? pci-e card}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - uATX Form Factor 9.6  inch x 7.4  inch ( 24.4  cm x 18.8  cm ) - 2 x DIMM, Max. 16GB, DDR3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|6 SATA2 ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GT240 and a nv7900gs, both pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 (r3.1), ALC??? (rev. 4.0), ALC887 (r5.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8111E (r3.1), Atheros (rev4.0), Atheros (r5.x) }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 offers very poor control over its EFI vs. BIOS booting partition features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-USB3 (r3.0), (r4.1 Blue board), (r5.0 dark board), (rev6 dark mobo)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Bios IDE mode for SATA2 on early ones}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD3000, pci-e GT240 and a nv7900gs 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC??? (r3.0), ALC887 (r4.1), VIA VT2021 (r5.0), Realtek® ALC892 codec (rev6) }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not VIA® VL805 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 4 x DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 760GM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATI 760G plus SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 Use Vesa 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|P33 VT1705; P34, P21 and P23 (FX) MS7641 v3.0 ALC887,  E51 ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;P23 issues with audio ALC887 crackles thru earphones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigayte GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 3.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with Realtek ALC888/892 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111d/e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 890FX Deluxe5 Extreme3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX + AMD SB850 or SB950 (Extreme3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111E rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A97 R2.0 EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 and SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Asmedia SATA Controller 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;n/a
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (LE), ALC887 (Regular), ALC892 (EVO) codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 and 2 Asmedia USB3.0 Controller 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111F 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC??? (rev. 1.0/1.1), ALC887 (rev1.2), VIA VT2021 codec (rev 1.3 1.4 and rev3.0) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not Etron EJ168 chip (USB3)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 8111E (all revisions), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit - ATX Form Factor 30.5cm x 22.4cm - 4 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 970 Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;970FX SB950
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1150 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 usb2 with 2 USB3 VIA VL806 Chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Killer E2205 Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A99X EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;990X - RD980 with SB920 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 pci-e gen ?
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-990XA-UD3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 990 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 1.x, 3.0, 3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 not 2 x Etron EJ168 chips for USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8169 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====AMD Fusion (2011/14)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| 1.2GHz single Bobcat Fusion C30 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| IDE
| SATA
| AMD 6250 
| Audio
| USB
| Ethernet
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| Asus E35M1-M PRO uATX
| 1.6GHz 18W AMD Fusion E-350 dual core + Hudson M1
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC887 VD2 
| USB
| RTL8111E 
| EFI bios [http://www.anandtech.com/show/4023/the-brazos-performance-preview-amd-e350-benchmarked] 
|-
| Asus E35M1-I Deluxe miniITX
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC892 
| USB
| Realtek 8111E 
| no support for Atheros AR5008 on a Mini PCI-E
|-
| ASRock E350M1 / USB3 (also version with USB3.0 added) 
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA - 4 SATA3 
| {{Maybe|AMD 6310 - use vesa with hdmi and dvi}} 
| {{Yes|Audio ALC892 playback but no HDMI output}} 
| USB - 4 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 
| {{Yes|rtl8169 for Realtek 8111E 8411 ethernet chipset}}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N-USB3 mini-ITX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Hudson M1 FCH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; plus HDMI, DVI 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 NEC USB3.0 with 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N Win8 V1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 FCH A45 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Use VESA - AMD 6310 plus HDMI, DVI}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC887 playback through headphones but not thru hdmi}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 USB2.0 needs more testing}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8168B}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well but need to test with sata hard disk 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI E350IA-E45 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;e-350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;no support 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata3 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 6310 gpu 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 through NEC 720200 chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-M PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E450 APU with Hudson M1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-I Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E-450 together 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM1 (2011/13)=====

On board Graphic on CPU - HD6410D, HD6530D, HD6550D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS F1A55-M LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with AMD A55 FCH (Hudson D2)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s port(s), blue Support Raid 0, 1, 10, JBOD 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 2.0 slot or Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 6000 in Llano APU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 Audio CODEC  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 A- Series/E2- Series APUs up to 4 cores - 2 x DIMM, Max. 32GB, DDR3 2250(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 White Socket (2012/13)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A75 A85X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 Plus Black socket (2013/15)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A88X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM1 FS1b socket (2014/1x)=====

5350 4 core Jaguar cores 2GHz with Integrated AMD Radeon R Series Graphics in the APU Kabini [Radeon HD 8400] 

Later Beema APU with 2/4 core Puma (slightly updated Jaguar) cores, GCN graphics and a compute capable Radeon core, along with a brand new AMD security processor and FT3 BGA packaging (probably best avoided for long term survival).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AM1I-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek® ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111GR 8168 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1M 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;BGA FT3 AM1x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM4 FM3 Summit Ridge Zen Zen+ (2016/22)=====

Jim Keller’s group designed x86 Zen CPU - new and covering the same AM4 platform/socket for desktop 

Zen will also shift from Bulldozer’s Clustered Multithreading (CMT) to Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT, aka Intel’s Hyperthreading). CMT is the basis for Bulldozer’s unusual combination of multiple integer cores sharing a single FPU within a module, so the move to SMT is a more “traditional” design for improving resource usage

Trusted Platform Module, or fTPM, that Windows 11 requires. Ryzen processors using a firmware TPM are causing stutters, even when doing mundane tasks. To enable TPM 2.0 on your AMD system please follow the steps below.
&lt;pre&gt;
    Power on system and press DEL or F2 to get into the BIOS.
    Navigate to Advanced\CPU Configuration.
    Enable AMD fTPM switch.
    Press F10 to save changes.
&lt;/pre&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VI Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 (1x16 or 2x8) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SupremeFX audio features an S1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel I211 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 7 1800X 1700X 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar X370gtn Itx Am4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Dragon LAN RTL8118AS 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-AX370 K7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with 2 x Realtek® ALC1220 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 intel and 1 E2500 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  4 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Xpower Gaming Titanium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;8-channel Realtek 1220 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;ASMedia® ASM2142 and amd cpu 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 x Intel® I211AT Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Prime B350 Plus ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 5 1600x 1600 1500X 1400 - 4 x DIMM Max 64GB, DDR4 up to 2666MHz ECC and non-ECC Memory - ATX 12 inch x 9.35 inch ( 30.5 cm x 23.7 cm )  - 2 pci 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME B350M-A/CSM Micro ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 3 1300x 1200 1100 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Pro4 AB350 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe 3.0 x16, 4 PCIe 2.0 x1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock AB350 Gaming-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B350 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B350 Tomahawk Arctic Mortar 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCIe 3.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;white and grey colours - 2 pci-e and 2 pci slots - m.2 in middle - atx 12 in by 9.6 in and matx versions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue M-ATX B350M-TI 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B350I-Plus ITX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A320M-ITX MINI ITX Rev1.0 Rev2 Rev2.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME A320M-C R2.0 rev1.1 A320M-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 A/B300 SFF 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek ALC887 alc897 CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.1 gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 3rd/2nd/1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ / 2nd and 1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ with Radeon™ Vega 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A320M-A PRO MicroATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A320  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG X399 Zenith Extreme  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X399 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; supremefx s1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Threadripper 1950X 1920X 1900X TR4 skt 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Fatality X470 Gaming K4 mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Fatal1ty X470 Gaming-ITXac AMD AM4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS ROG STRIX X470-I GAMING AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B450-I Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;high VRM temps - raven ridge 14nm+ like 2200G 2400G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B450 Gaming K4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; alc892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 4 ddr4 slots - low VRM thermals 3900x 3950x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B450 I Aorus Pro Wifi 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme pcie3 with 4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very high vrm temps 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B450i Gaming ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 - none nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64 2nd 3rd AMD - 2 ddr4 dimm slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b450 tomahawk max 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; b450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek® ALC892 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 Pro Carbon 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450-A PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450I GAMING Plus AC ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 - 2nd and 3rd gen AMD - 2 ddr4 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B450M M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock X570 PHANTOM GAMING-ITX/TB3 Mini ITX AM4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X570  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VIII Dark Hero
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X570 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; SupremeFX7.1 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I211-AT and Realtek® RTL8125-CG 2.5G LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix X570-I Gaming Mini ITX AM4 Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG X570 Gaming Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix B550-i AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue Jingyue B550i Gaming itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;3 with 1 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio alc
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit max of Ryzen 5500 (c t), 5600, 5600g (6c12t) - 2 ddr4 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock B550 PHANTOM GAMING ITX/AX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 2.5G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B550M-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek ALC887/897 Audio Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Gigabit LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG STRIX B550-A GAMING
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe Gen4 x4 &amp; SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  supremefx S1220A
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I225-V 2.5Gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte AMD B550I AORUS PRO AX Mini-ITX rev 1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme pci-e3 with 4 sata3
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  2 x DDR4 DIMM sockets  1Rx8/2Rx8/1Rx16 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 DP and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-C 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit- finer tuning than A520's - AMD Ryzen 5000 Series/ 3rd Gen Ryzen and 3rd Gen Ryzen with Radeon Graphics CPU - Dual Channel ECC/ Non-ECC Unbuffered DDR4, 4 DIMMs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550M DS3H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8118 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit - 4 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG B550 GAMING PLUS ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Processors - 4 dimm ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MAG B550 TOMAHAWK ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (up to Type 22110) and 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280)
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 with dp and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 1 x USB 3.1 Type-C and 1 x USB 3.1 Type-A
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8125B and Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 4 Dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue A520M-H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; old bios with random issues with APU ryzens - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520M S2H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up - 2 ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520I AC mITX mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up 5600G (6c12t) or 5700G (8c16t) - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A520M-A PRO mATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Desktop and AMD Ryzen 4000 G-Series CPU 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===== (Socket AM5 LGA1718 Zen4 2022/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Steel Legend 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 64Gb @ 6000Mhz or 128GB @ 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock TaiChi
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 with Thunderbolt 4 equivalent 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek killer E3000 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 7950x3d 120W, 7900 7800 7600 90W 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B650E-I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  - better sound with an actual AMP, PCIe 5, USB-C display outs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B650M WIFI M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b650i mini itx
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023   - front panel connectors at the back of the board - dead rear nvme slot and a drained CMOS battery as the CMOS button being pressed during shipping - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M Zen4
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen5 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen6 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===== (Zen? AM? 203x/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


====Intel====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 370 (2000/2)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel D815EEA 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;866Mhz P3 and i815 chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia AGPx8 6200LE added}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 USB1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested AspireOS 1.7, simple basic board with useful 5 PCI slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket 478 (2002/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=zh-CN&amp;u=http://detail.zol.com.cn/motherboard/index46381.shtml&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3Dc.865pe.l%2Bmotherboard%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3DsZB%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official Colorful Technology C.865PE-L Silver Fighter Warrior V2.3] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865PE
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|tested with CDROM}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AGP slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALC650 AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 1.1 and 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8100 8139}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Still testing with NB (Nightly Build) May 2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865P
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 800}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865GC 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 865 Extreme Graphics 2}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA775 s775 (2005/8)=====

an industry standard DDR2 module could in theory contain fallback JEDEC, intel XMP and AMD EPP configuration data 

Intel PC CL5 ram modules but an &quot;AMD&quot; CL5 ram module the BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) but can recognize the CL5 timing info in the JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an AMD PC CL6 ram modules but an &quot;INTEL&quot; CL6 ram module the BIOS cannot read the INTEL XMP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL6 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an INTEL PC needs CL6 ram modules but have an &quot;AMD&quot; CL4 ram module. INTEL BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL4 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS recognizes module timings as incompatible an refuses to boot.  

entirely separate issue if the RAM module timing specs are incompatible.(i.e. CL4 RAM in a &quot;CL6 only&quot; PC) 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit AG8 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8110S-32 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 32bit - Firewire TI 4200R7T no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 915 Neo2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMI 9880L HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcomm BCM5751 PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6306 no 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5GC P5GC-MX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945GC Lakeport-GC + ICH7R northbridge
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 3.0 Gbit/s ports  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe 1.1 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|atheros L2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 32bit - 3 pci slots - 4 x 240-pin DIMM Sockets max. 4GB DDR2 667/533 non-ECC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn PC45CM-SA 45CM-S 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|pcie 1.0 slot with gma950 integrated}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with aLC883 codec playback}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|realtek 8139 8100sc}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 dimm slots 667mhz max 4gb - can be found in Advent desktops - 2 pci-e and 2 pci - core 2 duo only e6xxx - Micro ATX (9.6” x 8.8”) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-81945GM MFY-RH
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® 945GM Express with ICH7M-DH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA950 VGA15 and PCI-e 1.0 slot}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC880 codec playback only rear port}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO1000PL 82573L Gigabit Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 MoDT term “Mobile on DeskTop.”, low TDP CPUs to work on desktop form-factor motherboards. mATX Micro ATX 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 2 DDR2 dimm 1.8v slots with 4Gb max - will not boot if PCI2 slot occupied - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-945 GCM S2C
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|8101E Rtl 8169 (1.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA945-GCM S2L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCi-E slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with ALC662 codec 2/4/5.1-channel (1.x)}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111c 8169 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM 4GB DDR2 memory max - 2 PCI-e and 2 PCI - Micro ATX form factor; 24.4cm x 19.3cm  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo-F rev 1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC662 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo2-F rev 1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P31-DS3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI Express x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111B 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DDR2 800Mhz up to 4Gb 4 x 240 pin - 3 PCI - ATX 12.0&quot; x 8.3&quot; - 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL-AM /PS 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 1.1 with integrated Intel® GMA 3100 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT1708B with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8102EL 100/10 LAN with Realtek RTL8111C Gigabit LAN  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 2 GB DDR2 Non-ECC,Un-buffered DIMMs with 2 PCI - Intel Graphics Media Accelerator - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL/EPU 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pci-e 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169 Realtek 8111C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested - 4 240-pin DIMM, Max. 4 GB - 4 pci-e and 3 pci - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 8.2 inch ( 30.5 cm x 20.8 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G31M ES2L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 plus ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3100 2d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC883 (1.x), ALC883/888B (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL8111C (1.x), Atheros 8131 (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces DRAM capacity to 4GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r1.0  G31M-GS
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{partial|rtl8169 RTL8111DL 8169 (for -GS) RTL8102EL (for -S)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig AMI bios MicroATX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8111DL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig MicroATX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/reseller/apac/eng/products/desktop/bdb/dg31pr/feature/index.htm Intel DG31PR] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG31 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|3100 but can use PCIe 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111B Rtl 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel G33 Express Chipset with ich9 southbridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3100 powervr tile based 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - embedded on Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual-Core CPUS with Integrated GPU Intel GMA 3100 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P5G41T-M LX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH8 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X4500 some 2d only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros L1c AR8131}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces maximum supported memory ddr3 from 16 to 8GB 2 dimm slots non-EEC - demotes the PCIe controller mode from revision 2.0 (5.0GT/s) to revision 1.1 (2.5GT/s
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VT1708S (1.3), ALC887-VD2 (1.4), ALC887 (2.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros AR8151 l1c (1.x 2.x), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2PT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (1.0), VIA (2.0), ALC887 (2.1)
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111E (1.x), Atheros AR8151 l1c (2.1), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 Port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA X4500 2d only and pci-e 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888B}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports + headers
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111 D/E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P41T D3P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7 with Intel Core 2 Duo (E6xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 889/892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111C or D/E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel DG41AN Classic 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG41 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888S ALC888VC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock P5B-DE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P965 + ICH8 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|works ide legacy}}
|&lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|with PCI-E 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio via VT1708S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5B SE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 intel 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well except ethernet 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5W DH Deluxe P5WDG2 WS PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;975X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC882 AND LATER ADI 1988B 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8052 88E8053}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI TSB43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IP35 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 Express + ICH9R  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;two RTL8110SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB43 AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P35 Neo F FL MS-7630 rev 1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel P35 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC888
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base model of this range of P35 mobos 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-P35-DS3
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 and ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889A codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111B
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-EP35-DS3 (rev. 2.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® P35 + ICH9 Chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|4 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Realtek ALC889A codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes | }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111B}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IX38 Quad GT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; HD Audio ALC888 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8110SC 8169SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB 43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte X38-DQ6
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;twin 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-EP45 DS3 (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 or ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s (SATAII0, SATAII1, SATAII2, SATAII3, SATAII4, SATAII5)  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E v2.0 x16 slots support splitting its 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes across two cards at x8 transfers 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888  or ALC889A codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111C chips (10/100 /1000 Mbit)  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets non-EEC 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P45 Platinum (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G45 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;adds Intel’s GMA X4500HD graphics engine to P45 Express features 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G43 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;removes HD video acceleration from the G45’s features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5E Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X48 with ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ADI 1988B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell 88E8001 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte GA-X48 DQ6 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X48 plus ICH9R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TSB43AB23 no - ICH9 pairs with Intel’s 3-series (X38, P35, etc.) chipsets, in addition to the X48 Express, but excluding the G35 Express 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte EP43-DS3L  and Gigabyte GA-EP43-UD3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P43 with ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s connectors 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCI Express x16 slot PCI Express 2.0 standard
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets - 4 pcie x1 - 2 pci - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 21.0cm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 73-pvm-s2h rev.1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 7100 nForce 630i 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|3 ports SATA2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d GeForce 7100 (vga /hdmi/dvi), 1 PCIe x16 Slot }} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC889A MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|7 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL 8211B MCP73}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Not, tested with Icaros Desktop 2.0.3 MCP73 is a single chip solution in three different versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nvidia 7150 630i 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel based nForce 630i (MCP73)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--GFX--&gt;GF 7150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO ALC883}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ohci echi}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;being tested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; the MCP73PV or the GeForce 7050/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73S or the GeForce7025/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73V or the GeForce 7025/nForce 610i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Atom SOC (2008/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945CLF 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N230 single core 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA945}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}} Skt 441
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works very well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.clusteruk.com iMica D945GCKF2 mobo]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N330 Dual Core
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;wip
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945GSEJT + Morex T1610 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom 230 with 945GSE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA900 vga but issues with DVI output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;small size, runs off 12V 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AT3N7A-I  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom N330 Nvidia ION
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|3 ports legacy IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|nouveau  cube  cube 2 45  quake 3 }}  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with VIA 1708S codec playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 device}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAiJpvu73iw&lt;/ref&gt; good but can freeze randomly at times 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D410PT 45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D410 and NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA3150}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 or ALC66x odd clicks}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D510 and NM10 + GMA3150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B or ALC66x 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111DL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-D525TUD (rev. 1.0 1.2 1.5)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D525 NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N|A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;gma 3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 8g - Mini-ITX Form Factor; 17.0cm x 17.0cm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1366 (2009/10)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P6T DELUXE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x58 + ICH10 and Intel 1st gen. (Nehalem/Lynnfield) Core i7 (8xx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 (r2.0) slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ADI AD2000B HD Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8056 Gigabit}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6308 no
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;gigabyte ex58 ds 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; x58 + ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111D rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1156 (2010)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire M3910
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALCxxx playback}} ALC888B (Rev1.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111D}} (Rev 1.x) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested but no support for WLAN Realtek 8188su 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H55M-E33 v1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E7636 M7636 H55 chipset so older i3/i5/i7 system
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC889}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|PCI-E Realtek 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P7P55D
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe | via codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe |rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111B/C  RTL8112L }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1155 H2 (2010/13)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P8H61-I LX R2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 - up to ivybridge cpus - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H61-I/RM/SI mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 up to i3-2010 - OEM board from an RM machine but not ivybridge as the Asus BIOS isn't compatible with these, 0909 hacked one might work - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus p8h61-i lx r2.0/rm/si mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;h61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with VIA codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 sandy and ivy - oem from rm machine 2 x 240-Pin DDR3 DIMM sockets max DDR3 1333MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;‎Bewinner 63q9c7omvs V301 ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata with nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8106E 100M Network Card 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar H61 H61MHV2 H61MHV3 Ver. 7.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with Intel Pentium G 2xxx series CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC662 later ALC897
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61M-D2-B3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + Sandybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61MA-D3V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe No Realtek ALC887 (Rev 2.0) ALC887 (Rev2.1) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H61M-S2PV 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with 2400k 2500k 2600k 2700k 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (rev 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rtl811E (1.0) 8151 (2.0) Rtl8111F (2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Micro ATX Form Factor; 24.4cm x 20cm with 2 pci-e and 2 pci - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel Classic Series DH61CR Desktop 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61M-P20 (G3) MS-7788 
*retail MSI board 
*OEM Advent, etc 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|four SATAII ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCI Express gen3 (retail) gen2 (oem) x16 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8105E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 slots - 22.6cm(L) x 17.3cm(W) M-ATX Form Factor - BIOS - [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=6009#post_6007 works well], 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61I-E35 (B3) MS-7677 Ver.1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=5861#post_5861 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H67-M
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H67 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8Z68-V LX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Intel 2nd generation (Sandy Bridge) Core i7 (2xxx) CPU and possibly ivybridgev
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Intel HD with ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - EFI bios - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Z68AP-D3 (B3) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H 1.0 1.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit i5 3550 7 3770 - 4 DDR3 slots - 2 full pci-e 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z77 D3H with i3 3225 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1150 H3 (2013/2016)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H87N-WIFI mITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H87 and Intel 4th generation (Haswell) Core i5 (4xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Atheros 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81M-C H81M-P-SI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 (4xxx) CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x3g 2x6g
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio alc887 vd
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111gr
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;skt 1150 - 2 ddr3 max 16g - mini atx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD4000 igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit intel 4th gen mini itx - external dc brick with 19v rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 ddr3 laptop sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN chip 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit up to i7 4790K - 2 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H81M-D3V (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata2 2 sata3 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|intel and VIA® VL805}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 Realtek }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z87-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t i5 4c4t CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-Z87X-UD3H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 Express 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek® ALC898 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA H97M D3H r1.0 r1.1 with i3 4360 or 4370 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z97 A with i7 4790K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;750, 960, 970 and 980 nvidia GTX cards 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan ethernet 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z97X UD3H rev1.0 1.1 1.2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with i5 4690K 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC1150
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GAMING 5 Z97 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS Q87M-E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Q87 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1151 Socket H4 (2015/2018)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Skylake CPUs have TPM 2.0 imbedded 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110 Plus H110M-A/DP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with 6th Gen Core and 7th with bios update 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sunrise Point-H SATA [AHCI mode] [8086 a102] 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Skylake Integrated HD Graphics use PIC-E slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC887 Audio CODEC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI [8086: a12f] no usb2.0 fallback 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111GR or 8111H RTL8111 8168 8411}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;ATX with 3 pci-e and 2 DDR4 slots - uatx version smaller - turn off TLSF as it was causing AHI driver to corrupt. Turned off ACPI for errors but works fine once booted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H110M-R M-ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit 6th Gen Skylake Core™ i7/Core™ 6950X i7-6970HQ i7-6700K 4c8t hyperthreading, i5/Core™ i5-6600K 4c4t i3/Pentium® / Celeron® - 2 DDR4 DIMMS Max 32GB 2133MHz - 1 full pci-e and 2 pci-e 1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Intel/Realtek GbE languard 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 - mini itx 12v / 19v laptop type rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - no pci-e slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H110M-S2H MATX Rev1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 (USB 3.1 Gen 1) ports with 4 us2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Msi H110M-PRO-VH 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek® ALC887 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6th gen intel -  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H170 Pro Gaming
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Asmedia USB3.1/3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Z170A TOMAHAWK 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sara, 1 x 2280 Key M(PCIe Gen3 x4/SATA), 1 x 2230 Key E(Wi-Fi) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit up to i7 7700k - 2 DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GIGABYTE GA-B250M-DS3H HD3P D3H D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B250 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 coffee lake intel 8th gen
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Kaby Lake X Intel 7th Gen 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Z390 with Kaby Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Q370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; H370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B360M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Rampage 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x299 with  i9
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  - up to 24 to 44 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 
| &lt;!--Chipset--X299 &gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1200 (2020/2022)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H510M-A PRO (MS-7D22)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Comet Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit-  up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME H410M-E
Asrock H470M-HDV/M.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Rocket Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1700 (2023/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Alder Lake / Raptor Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 2022 64bit - QoS work to 2 level cpus, P down to E cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Meteor Lake / Arrow Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 2024 64bit 10nm - 3 level cpus, Low Power Island (SOC tile) to E onto P cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Lunar lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 64bit 7nm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===Chromebooks===

For most (EOL) Chromebooks, the recommended UEFI path forward is to:

*put the device into Developer Mode
*disable firmware write protection
*flash MrChromebox's UEFI Full ROM firmware
*install ChromeOS Flex, Linux, etc


See [https://mrchromebox.tech/#home MrChrome], [https://mrchromebox.tech MrChrome] and the [https://www.reddit.com/r/chrultrabook/ chrultrabook subreddit] for more info


ChromeOS has several different boot modes, which are important to understand in the context of modifying your device to run an alternate OS:

*Normal/Verified Boot Mode
        Can only boot Google-signed ChromeOS images
        Full verification of firmware and OS kernel
        No root access to the system, no ability to run Linux or boot other OSes
        Automatically enters Recovery Mode if any step of Verified Boot fails
        Default / out-of-the-box setting for all ChromeOS devices
*Recovery Mode
        User presented with Recovery Mode boot screen (white screen with 'ChromeOS is missing or damaged' text)
        Boots only USB/SD with signed Google recovery image
        Automatically entered when Verified Boot Mode fails
        Can be manually invoked:
        On Chromebooks, via keystroke: [ESC+Refresh+Power]
        On Chromeboxes, by pressing a physical recovery button at power-on
        On Convertibles/Tablets, by pressing/holding the Power, Vol+, and Vol- buttons for 10s and then releasing
        Allows for transition from Verified Boot Mode to Developer Mode
        On Chromebooks/Chromeboxes, via keystroke: [CTRL+D]
        On Convertibles/Tablets, via button press: Vol+/Vol- simultaneously
        Booting recovery media on USB/SD will completely repartition/reformat internal storage and reload ChromeOS (as well as some RW firmware components)

Note: The ChromeOS recovery process does not reset the firmware boot flags (GBB Flags), so if those are changed from the default, they will still need to be reset for factory default post-recovery.

*Developer Mode
        &quot;Jailbreak&quot; mode built-in to every ChromeOS device
        Loosened security restrictions, allows root/shell access, ability to run Linux via crouton
        Verified Boot (signature checking) disabled by default, but can be re-enabled
        Enabled via [CTRL+D] on the Recovery Mode boot screen
        Boots to the developer mode boot screen (white screen with 'OS verification is off' text), from which the user can select via keystroke where to boot:
&lt;pre&gt;
           ChromeOS (in developer mode) on internal storage ( [CTRL+D] )
           ChromeOS/ChromiumOS on USB ( [CTRL+U] )
           Legacy Boot Mode ( [CTRL+L] )
&lt;/pre&gt;
Boot screen displays the ChromeOS device/board name in the hardware ID string (eg, PANTHER F5U-C92, which is useful to know in the context of device recovery, firmware support, or in determining what steps are required to install a given alternate OS on the device.

*Legacy Boot Mode
        Unsupported (by Google) method for booting alternate OSes (Linux, Windows) via the SeaBIOS firmware payload / RW_LEGACY firmware region
        Accessed via [CTRL+L] on the developer mode boot screen
        Requires explicit enabling in Developer Mode via command line: sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 (installing RW_LEGACY firmware via the Firmware Utility Script will set this for you)
        Not all ChromeOS devices are capable out of the box, most require a RW_LEGACY firmware update first
        Boots to the (black) SeaBIOS splash screen; if multiple boot devices are available, a prompt to show the boot menu will be displayed.

Note: If you hear two beeps after pressing [CTRL+L], then either your device doesn't have a valid Legacy Boot Mode / RW_LEGACY firmware installed, or legacy boot capability has not been been enabled via crossystem.

Using the [https://mrchromebox.tech/#fwscript ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script] to update your device's RW_LEGACY firmware region will address both of these issues, as it not only provides an updated, fully functional RW_LEGACY firmware, but also sets the required boot flag.


https://www.howtogeek.com/278953/how-to-install-windows-on-a-chromebook/

Chromebooks don’t officially support other OSs. You normally can’t even install as Chromebooks ship with a special type of BIOS designed for Chrome OS. But there are ways to install, if you’re willing to get your hands dirty and potentially ruin everything 


[https://mrchromebox.tech/#devices Firmware Compatibility] 


Most older Chromebooks need the write-protect screw removed in order to install MrChromebox's firmware that allows you to install other operating systems. Most newer Chromebooks don't work in the same way as there is no write-protect screw on them. 

[https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility Here is the list of hardware that the GalliumOS supports and information on getting Gallium OS on to those devices]


Development on GalliumOS has been discontinued, and for most users, GalliumOS is not the best option for running Linux due to lack of hardware support or a kernel that's out of date and lacking important security fixes.


Meet Eupnea and Depthboot, the successors to Galliumos and Breath [https://eupnea-linux.github.io This is the bleeding edge] 


With that said, the HP Chromebook 11 11A G8 EE is not listed as being supported at this time. 
this is a educational version and if it does not belong to you and belongs to a school district 
STOP NOW! We suspend students that decide to mess with a school district Chromebook that was loaned to them.


Very rough guide to '''total''' (i.e. all cores / threads) processor performance (AROS usually uses only the one core) 

&lt;pre&gt;

063000    AMD Ryzen 9 7900X (AM5 170W)
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5950X
060000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X3D 
055000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (AM4 105W),   AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (105W),   
050000    AMD Ryzen 9 PRO 7940HS (FP8 65W)
048000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, 
047000    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 7840HS (FP7 65W), AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme (top TDP)
045000    AMD Ryzen 9 6900HX, Intel Core i7-12800H
044000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700G (AM4 ), AMD Ryzen 9 6900HS, 
043000    Intel Core i5-13500H, AMD Ryzen 5 5600X3D (AM4 95W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 5750GE (AM4 35W)
042000    AMD Ryzen 7 5700GE (AM4 35W),    
041500    AMD Ryzen 9 5900HS, Intel Core i7-12700T,    
041000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (FP6 45W), AMD Ryzen 5 5600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 7640U,    
040000    AMD Ryzen 7 6800U, Intel Core i5-12490F, Intel Core i5-12500E,   
039000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800HS (FP6 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 8500G, 


037000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600H, AMD Ryzen 3 7736U, 
036000    AMD Ryzen 5 3600X (95W), AMD Ryzen 5 5500 (AM4 65W), 
035000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600U, Intel Core i5-11400F, AMD Ryzen 5 5600H,  
034000    AMD Ryzen 7 7730U, AMD Ryzen 5 8540U, AMD Ryzen 4800H, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650GE,  
033000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800U (FP6 8c16t 25W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800HS, AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750GE, 
032500    AMD Ryzen 7 2700X, AMD Ryzen 5 5600GE (AM4 35W), 
032000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G (AM4 45W), AMD Ryzen 7 4800U, AMD Ryzen 7 5825U (FP6 8c16t 15W),
031500    AMD Ryzen 7 5700U (FP6 25W 8c16t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 5 4500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3600 (65W), 
029000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 1700X (AM4 95W), 
028500    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U, AMD Ryzen 7 1700 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 2700 (65W), 
028000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650U, AMD Ryzen 5 4400G, AMD Ryzen 5 5560U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen3),     
027000    AMD R5 5600U (FP6 25W 6c12t), AMD Ryzen 5 5625U (FP6 15W 6c12t Zen3), 
026000    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 5350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500X (AM4 95W), 
025000    AMD Ryzen 5 5500U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen2), AMD Ryzen 3 5300GE, AMD Ryzen 7 4700U (FP6 25W 8c8t),  
024000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650U, AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (95W), AMD Ryzen V3C18I (? 15W), 
023000    AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (FP6 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 4600U (FP6 25W 6c12t),
022800    AMD Ryzen 3 5400U, Intel Core i5-11300H, 


022000    AMD Ryzen 5 4500U (FP6 25W 6c6t), AMD Ryzen 3 5450U 5425U, 
021500    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 3 4300G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4200GE,   
019500    Intel Core i5-1135G7,   AMD Ryzen 5 5500H,     
018500    AMD Ryzen 5 3400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 2500X
018000    AMD Ryzen 5 3400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8400,  AMD Ryzen 5 1500X (AM4 65W),  
017500    AMD Ryzen 3 5300U (FP6 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i7-6700K, 
016600    AMD Athlon Gold PRO 4150GE, Intel Core i7-6700,  
016500    AMD Ryzen 7 3750H,    AMD Ryzen Embedded V1756B (FP5 45W),    
016000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3550H, 
015000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400GE (AM4 35W),  Intel Core i5-8500T, AMD Ryzen 2700U, AMD Ryzen 5 3550U,
014000    AMD Ryzen 5 3500U (FP5 15W 4c8t),   AMD Ryzen 3 4300U,   AMD Ryzen 3 3200G (AM4 65W),    
013500    AMD Ryzen 3 2200G,    AMD Ryzen 3 3200GE (AM4 45W),    AMD Ryzen 3 1300X (65W), 
013000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U (FP4 25W),   AMD Ryzen Embedded V1605B (FP5 25W),    
012500    AMD Ryzen 5 2500U (FP5 25W 4c8t),     


012300    Intel Core i7-8565U,    Intel Core i5-8350U,  Intel Core i7-8700,   
012000    AMD Ryzen 3 2200GE,  AMD Ryzen 3 1200 (65W),   AMD Ryzen 3 1200,   
011500    AMD Ryzen 3 3300U,    
010500    AMD Ryzen 3 2300U (FP5 25W 4c4t),    Intel Alderlake ULX N100 (BGA-1264 6W) / N95 (? 15W),    
010300    Intel Core i7-3630QM,   Intel Core i5-6600T,     
010200    Intel Core i5-6440HQ,   Intel Core i7-3610QM,     
010000    AMD FX-8320E Eight-Core (AM3+ 125W),   Intel Core i5-7500T,   Intel Core i5-4690, 
008700    AMD FX-6130 Six-Core (AM3+ 90W),     Intel Core i5-7400T,     
008600    Intel Core i5-6500T,  AMD Athlon 300GE (AM4, 35W),   
008200    Intel Core i5-2500K,  AMD Ryzen R1606G (FP5 15W),  AMD FX-6300 6Core (AM3 65W),   
008100    Intel Celeron N5105 (FCBGA1338, 15W),   Intel Core i5-4590T,   


008150    AMD Athlon Gold 3150U,    Intel Celeron N5095 (FCBGA1338 15W),   
007600    AMD Ryzen R1505G (FP5, 15W),    AMD Ryzen 3 3200U,     AMD Ryzen 3 3250U 
007200    AMD Ryzen 3 2200U (FP5 25W 2c4t),     Intel Core i3-7100T,      
006900    Intel Core i7-6600U,  
006500    Intel Core i7-6500U,     
006200    Intel Core i5-7200U,   
006100    Intel Core i5-6300U,   
006060    Intel Core i5-5257U,   AMD A10-6800B APU,      Intel Core i5-4570T,      
006000    Intel Core i5-6200U,   Intel Core i3-7130U,     
005900    AMD Athlon Silver 3050U,   Intel Xeon X5550,   Intel Core i5-4300M,    
005800    Intel Celeron J4125 (FCBGA1090 15W),   Intel Core i5-3470T,     
005600    Intel Core i5-3360M,    Intel Core i7-3520M,    


005400    AMD PRO A12-9800B 7th Gen APU SoC (FP4 15W), AMD FX-4300 4c, 
005200    AMD PRO A10-8770E,   AMD A10-9700E,   AMD PRO A10-9700B (FP4 15W),   Intel Core i3-4130T,     
005100    AMD RX-427BB (FP3 15W),   AMD A10-9620P,    AMD A12-9720P,    Intel Core i5-5350U,   
005100    AMD A8-5500 (FM2 65W),  AMD A10 PRO-7800B APU    Intel Pentium Silver N5000,    
005100    Intel Core i3-7100U (FCBGA1356 15W),    Intel Core i7-5500U,      Intel Core i3-6100U,     
005000    Intel Core i5-5300U,    Intel Core i5-3320M,     
004900    Intel Core i5-4300U,    Intel Core i5-5200U,     Intel Core i3-4100M,     
004860    Intel Core i7-2620M,    Intel Core i7-2640M,     
004650    Intel Core i5-2520M,    Intel Core i5-3210M,     
004600    AMD PRO A8-9600B,   AMD PRO A12-8830B,  AMD PRO A10-8730B,   AMD A12-9700P,   
004400    AMD A10-8700P A8-8600P,    Intel Core i5-4200U,    Intel Core i5-2540M,   
004000    Intel Core i5-2430M,    AMD PRO A8-8600B
003850    Intel Core i5-2410M,  Intel Core i3-2120 (LGA1155 65W),    
003800    AMD A10-4600M APU,  AMD A10 PRO-7350B APU,   AMD A10-5750M APU,   
003600    AMD A8-6500T APU    AMD A8-7410 APU,   AMD PRO A6-8550B    AMD A8-5550M APU     


003500    AMD GX-424CC SOC (FT3b 25W),   Intel Core i3-4000M,     
003400    AMD A10-7300 APU,    AMD A6-7310 APU,      AMD A8-6410,     AMD A10-5745M APU    
003350    Intel Pentium G2020,   Intel Core i3-3120M,   AMD R-464L APU, 
003300    AMD GX-420CA SOC (FT3 BGA769 25W),    AMD A6-9500E
003200    AMD A6-6310 APU,   AMD A6-6400B APU,    AMD A6-8570E   AMD A8-4500M APU  AMD A6-7400K APU
003000    AMD A8-7150B,     AMD A9-9410 / A9-9425,     AMD A6-8500B (FP4 15W),   AMD A8-7100,    
002900    AMD PRO A6-8530B,   AMD A6-8500P,   AMD A8-3500M APU,  Intel Core i3-2120T,     
002700    AMD Embedded GX-420GI (FP4 15W),   AMD PRO A6-9500B,   AMD GX-415GA, AMD A4-6210 APU, 


002600    AMD A6-9225,   AMD A8-4555M APU,   
002500    AMD A4-5000 APU (FT3 15W),    AMD A6-9220,   AMD A6-3420M APU,  
002450    Intel Celeron 2950M,   Intel Pentium N3700,    Intel Core i3-2350M,     
002400    Intel Celeron N3150,   Intel Core i3-2330M,     
002300    Intel Celeron N3350,   AMD A4-9120,   AMD A4-9125,    Intel Core i3-2310M,
002200    AMD A9-9420e,  AMD A6-5350M APU,  AMD A6 Micro-6500T APU,   AMD E2-6110 APU,   AMD A6-9210, 
002000    AMD GX-412HC,   AMD A4-4300M APU,  AMD A6 PRO-7050B APU,   AMD A6-4400M APU,   AMD A6-7000,    
001925    Intel Core2 Duo E6700,   Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965,   
001750    Intel Core i3-2365M 2375M,    AMD A4-9120C,   Intel Core2 Duo T8300,    AMD E2-3800,   
001600    AMD GX-222GC (BGA769 FT3b 15W),   AMD A4-9120e,  AMD Embedded GX-215JJ,    AMD A4-4355M APU,
001550    Intel Core2 Duo SL9400 T7600 T6600,   AMD E2-3200    AMD A6-9220e 


001500    AMD GX-218GL SOC,    AMD A6-4455M,   AMD A4-5150M APU,   
001400    AMD GX-217GA SOC,
001300    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-64 TL-62,    Intel Core2 Duo T7300,    Intel Core2 Duo T5600,  
001250    AMD GX-412TC SOC,    AMD A4-3320M APU,    AMD Athlon 64 X2 QL-66,     Intel Core2 Duo T7200
001200    AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-57,     AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-60 RM-74,   AMD E1-2500 APU
001150    Intel Core2 Duo T5550,      Intel Core2 Duo L7500 @ 1.60GHz    AMD E2-3000M APU,  
001100    Intel Core2 Duo T5300,      AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800,    Intel Core2 Duo E4300,    
001050    AMD E1-6010 APU
001050    AMD Athlon 64 FX-57,   AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-55,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-52
001000    Intel Core2 Duo T5500,    Intel Core2 Duo L7300,    Intel Core2 Duo SU9400,    
000950    AMD G-T56N,     AMD Athlon 64 3100+,     AMD E2-2000 APU,      
000950    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-50,     AMD E1-2200 APU,     Intel Celeron U3400,     
000925    AMD TurionX2 Dual Core Mobile RM-72,    AMD Sempron 140
000920    Intel Celeron SU2300,     Intel Core2 Duo T5200,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-56
000890    AMD E2-1800 APU,    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58


000880    AMD G-T56E,       AMD G-T48E
000860    AMD E-450 APU,    AMD E-350 APU,     AMD Athlon LE-1620     
000820    AMD A4-1250 APU,    AMD Athlon LE-1600
000810    AMD E1-2100 APU,    Intel Core Duo T2500,      
000810    Intel Atom D510,     Intel Core2 Duo U7500,     
000800    AMD Geode NX 2400+,    AMD Turion 64 Mobile ML-42
000760    AMD V140,    AMD E1-1200 APU,    AMD Athlon 64 3300+
000730    Intel Core Duo T2400,   AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-38,    AMD Sempron 3600+,  
000700    Intel Core2 Duo U7600 U7700,    AMD Sempron LE-1200,    AMD V120 
000680    AMD GX-212JC SOC,    AMD E-300 APU,    AMD A4-1200 APU  

  
000670    AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-36 ML-37 ML-40,  Mobile AMD Sempron 3800+
000640    Intel Atom N2600,    Intel Atom N570,     Mobile AMD Athlon 64 3200+
000640    Intel Core Duo T2300,     Intel Core Duo T2050,     
000630    VIA Eden X2 U4200,    AMD Sempron LE-1100,  AMD Sempron 3100+ 3600+, 
000620    AMD C-70 APU,     Intel Atom 330,     AMD G-T40N
000610    Intel Core2 Duo U7300,    AMD Athlon II Neo K125 K145,    
000600    Intel Atom N550,    Intel Pentium 4,   AMD Athlon 64 2800+,   
000580    AMD C-60,   AMD G-T40E,AMD Sempron LE-1250
000530    AMD C-50,    Intel Celeron M 723,     AMD Sempron 210U, 
000490    AMD GX-210JA SOC,    ARM Cortex-A53 4 Core 1000 MHz


000470    Mobile AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile AMD Athlon XP-M 2200+, 
000460    AMD Athlon XP 2500+,      AMD Sempron 3500+,    Mobile Intel Pentium 4,     
000440    Intel Atom D425,    Intel Atom N470,     
000410    Intel Pentium M,     Intel Celeron M,    AMD Sempron 2300+
000400    Intel Atom N450,   AMD Sempron 2400+
000360    Intel Atom D410,   AMD G-T52R,    AMD C-30,    AMD Sempron 2200+ 
000350    Intel Atom N455,   Intel Atom N280,    Intel Atom N270,     

&lt;/pre&gt;


==References==

{{reflist}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>bubfppfvg2jpwny5459kthjau8s4lh8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pharmacology/Anticoagulants</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4449005</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:28:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>regex typo fixing (via JWB)</comment>
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      <text bytes="5256" sha1="ijwoiu4uz6hyij0olcjqfv6s3dt6iem" xml:space="preserve">{{cleanup}}

Anticoagulants are agents used to prevent, postpone, delay or stop blood from clotting. Anticoagulants are classified based on site of use or administration and sources.

1. Site of use: Anticoagulants have variability in the site of applications.

(a) invitro experiments: Some anticoagulants used for experiments carried out outside the body e.g. heparin, sodium citrate etc.

(b)invivo experiments:  Some are used for experiments carried out inside the body e.g. heparin, warfarin, streptokinase etc.

While some can be used for both invitro and invivo experiments.

2. Sources: Anticoagulants can be obtained naturally or derived synthetically. Example of naturally obtained anticoagulant is heparin while synthetically derived are warfarin, sodium citrate etc.

Anticoagulants are usually
administered to patients with
myocardial infarction, venous
thrombosis, peripheral arterial
emboli and pulmonary emboli.
They have been used to prevent
transient ischemic attacks and to
reduce the risk of recurrent
myocardial infarction.

== Process of clotting ==
The circulatory system has to
be self-sealing, otherwise continued
blood loss from even the smallest
injury would be life-threatening.
Normally, all but the most
catastrophic bleeding is rapidly
stopped, a process known as
hemostasis. This process occurs
through a progression of several
steps.
Hemostasis is a combination
of events that occur due to physical
and chemical forces. The initial steps
lead to a reduction in the blood flow
due to the formation of a cellular
plug. The later steps utilize chemical
energy to form a blood clot,
medically known as thrombus.
The Physical Process

The aggregating platelets and
the damaged tissue initiate the
biochemical process of blood
clotting or coagulation, the body's
major defense against blood loss.
Mechanism of
clotting
A blood clot forms as a result
of concerted action of some 20
different substances, most of which
are plasma glycoproteins (Table).
Coagulation
Factors
Factor Name
Plasma
half-life
(h)
I Fibrinogen 72 - 96
II Prothrombin 60
III Tissue Factor or
thromboplastin --
IV Ca++ --
V Proaccelerin 15
VII Proconvertin 5
VIII Antihemophilic A
factor 10
IX
Antihemophilic B
factor or
Christmas factor
25
X Stuart or Stuart-
Prower factor 40
XI
Plasma
thomboplastin
antecedent
45-65
XII Hageman factor,
contact factor 60
XIII Fibrin stabilizing
factor 150
Prekallikrein
factor --
High-molecular-
weight kininogen 156
The phenomenon of blood
coagulation is traditionally
distinguished into two pathways.
These pathways are the
intrinsic and the
extrinsic pathways (Figure
below). The intrinsic pathway is
defined as a cascade that utilizes
only factors that are soluble in the
plasma, whereas the extrinsic
pathway consists of some factors
that are insoluble in the plasma, e.g.,
membrane-bound factors (factor
VII). However, the boundary
differentiating these two is
becoming more and more blurred.


The characteristic feature of the coagulation pathway is that upon
activation the individual glycoprotein
serves as an enzyme to convert the
zymogen form of the succeeding
glycoprotein to its protease form
only in the presence of Ca+2 cations
and on an appropriate phospholipid
membrane. The activated forms of
the glycoproteins are identified by
symbol 'a'.
Both the intrinsic and the
extrinsic coagulation pathways
proceed through a common
pathway by forming activated factor
X. Prothrombin is cleaved at two
sites by factor Xa  to yied thrombin
(To see a structure of thrombin
molecule click here). Ten g-
carboxyglutamic acid residues are
located on the N-terminal end of the
prothrombin molecule. Vitamin K is
required in the liver biosynthesis of
the prothrombin g-carboxyglutamic
groups by participating in the
carboxylation of the g-carbon of
glutamic acid. These carboxy
groups are required for binding
calcium to prothrombin, which
induce a conformation change in
prothrombin enabling it to bindi to
co-factors on the phospholipid
surfaces during its conversion to
thrombin by factor Xa, factor V, and
platelet phospholipids in the
presence of calcium.


Thrombin, in turn, cleaves fibrinogen. Fibrinogen comprises
2-3% of plasma protein. Thrombin
specifically cleaves the Arg-X (X is
mostly Gly) peptide bond in
fibrinogen to form soluble fibrin
monomers. These monomers
spontaneously aggregate to form a
polymeric structure called &quot;soft
clot&quot;. This polymer is rapidly
converted to a more stable &quot;hard
clot&quot; by the covalent cross-linking of
neighboring fibrin molecules in a
reaction catalyzed by fibrin-
stabilizing factor (FSF or XIIIa).
Types of
Anticoagulants
The multilevel cascade of blood
clotting system permits enormous
amplification of its triggering signals.
Moving down the extrinsic pathway,
for example, proconvertin (VII),
Stuart factor (X), prothrombin, and
fibrinogen are present in plasma in
concentrations of &lt;1, 8, 150, and
~4000 mg.mL-1, respectively. Thus
a small signal is very quickly
amplified to bring about effective
hemostatic control.

On the other hand, clotting
must be very strictly regulated
because even one inappropriate clot
can have fatal consequences.
Indeed, blood clots are the leading
cause of strokes and heart attack,
the two major causes of human
death.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ijwoiu4uz6hyij0olcjqfv6s3dt6iem</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/Great Britain</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>241836</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448772</id>
      <parentid>4448708</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:09:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
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      <text bytes="117425" sha1="jx1a0rqntduk3fwszanmkwgvg48ro69" xml:space="preserve">=Great Britain=
{{font/top|size=3}}
* Franking machines were first authorised on 23 August 1922.
* The stamps are mostly printed in red. A few early types have town marks in black. Modern digital stamps are often found in blue rather than red.
* Meters manufacturers in Great Britain:
:: Automatic Stamp Selling Machines (aka Wilkinson)
:: Neopost (Roneo Neopost, Roneo Vickers)
:: Setright Registers
:: T.I.M. (Ticket Issuing Machines)
:: Universal Postal Frankers
:: Westinghouse-Garrard

The stamps are grouped according to the monogram of the reigning monarch and also according to appearance and use.
* Machines for private use
:: A - No monogram, circular frank with squares in corners
:: B - Upright rectangle with simulated perforation border, monogram of George V
:: C - As B but monogram of Edward VII
:: D - As B but monogram of George VI
:: E - As B but monogram of Elizabeth II
:: F - Frameless frank with crown at top and floral emblems at sides
:: G - Frameless frank with large crown at top right and column of horizontal lines at left
:: H - Rectangular frame with crown and top and with vertical text outside frame lines at left and right
:: I - Rectangular frame with bar codes at sides
:: J - Mailmark&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt; stamps: &quot;Delivered by Royal Mail&quot; at left, 2D barcode in center, mail class in rectangle at right

* Machines for special uses
:: PO - Post office window machine stamps
:: PD - Post office stamps used for postage due
:: PP - Post office stamps used for parcel post
:: PV - Special stamp for public vending machines
:: MM - Special stamps for Military use
:: RP - Special stamps for railway parcel post
&lt;br&gt;
* Until approximately the 1940s, if a mailer used more than one postage meter, the licence numbers were given a letter prefix, “A” for the second machine, “B” for the third and so forth. 

* Prefix letter “X” indicates the meter is a relief or loan machine that was lent to a mailer while his meter was being services or repaired. “X” varieties are scarce.

* For specialised information about the meter stamps of Great Britain, see “GB Meter Franking ⎯ History with a Future” by Jack Peach, serialised in Gibbons Stamp Monthly, May-Dec 2001.
* See also dependencies of Great Britain “GUERNESY”, JERSEY” and “ISLE OF MAN”.

{{font/end}}

----


=={{font|color=blue|GROUP A: Circular frank with blocks (squares) in all four corners}}==
{{font/top|size=3|color=blue}}
* The corner blocks contain the denomination which is also spelled out in the upper half of the circle.
* A horizontal bar through the centre of the frank contains &quot;GREAT (licence number) BRITAIN&quot;.
* Five variations of the centre bar exist, as pictured.
{{font/end}}


[[File: Great Britain stamp type A bar variations.jpg|centre|700px]]
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A1.jpg|400px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design A 1d centred.jpg|400px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design A 2 5d.jpg|400px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design A 1d left.jpg|400px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A1. Pitney Bowes Models &quot;M&quot; &amp; &quot;C&quot;''' (FV-1), 1922.
: Frank with wavy lines at sides. 
: Centre bar A, square ends and circular centre.
: Frank size excluding wavy lines is 25 x 25mm. 
: Licence number with or without “A” prefix. 
: Licence number varies in size from small san-serif to large with serifs.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1½
: Values: {{space|4}} 2½ 
: Values: {{space|4}} 1, 2, 3½, 4½ {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']

:: '''a'''. Provisional stamp blank in upper semicircle. Values: 1, 2½ {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
::: '''i'''. {{space|4}} 1d {{space|6}} L.No. 10, 69
::: '''ii'''. {{space|3}} 2½d {{space|3}} L.No. 12, 20, 49, 58, 69, 75
:: '''b'''. As '''a''', 1d value with space at right of the ‘1’, made from altering a 1½d die {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
::: '''i'''. {{space|4}} 1d {{space|6}} L.No. 12, 19, 20, 23, 48, 58
:: '''c'''. With slogan in red printed separately on the front, usually at lower left {{space|3}}[$100]
:: '''d'''. With slogan in color other than red printed on the front (''shown'') {{space|3}}[$150]
:: '''e'''. With slogan in any color printed on the back {{space|3}}[$150]

: '''NOTE:''' Authorised for use on 23rd August 1922. First use on 5th September 1922 by the Prudential Assurance Co., Ltd. (L# 1).
|}
&lt;br&gt;

----
'''A2. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.”''' (Pre-production model) (FV-5). 
* ''Frank without wavy lines at the sides. Centre bar B (round ends and open at top and with semicircle at bottom).'' 
* ''Top portion of frank does not touch centre bar. Frank 25 x 25mm. Licence number 1 only, except for A2D.''
* ''The pre-production &quot;NZ&quot; model was a modification of New Zealand's Automatic Franking Machine Model &quot;D&quot; meter ({{font|size=2|see New Zealand Type B2}}) which UPF had purchased the rights to use. The Model D was able to print a frank only, no town mark. The Type A2 sub-types (A through D) reflect UPF's experiments with adding a town mark by use of a separate printer. To get both the frank and the town mark (with or without slogan) the mail had to be fed through the mailing machine twice, once through the frank printer and then through the town mark printer.''
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A2A.jpg|660px]]

'''A2A. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.”''' (Pre-production model) (FV-5), 18 October 1922.
: Black TM: three text lines within five wavy lines printed at a variable distance to the left of the frank.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½ {{space|4}} [''Rare'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 3 {{space|4}} [''Very rare'']
: The 1/- value is assumed to exist but has not yet been seen postally used.
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain Type A2B1.jpg|755px]]
[[File:Great Britain Type A2B2.jpg|755px]]

'''A2B. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.”''' (Pre-production model) (FV-5). 
: Black TM: three text lines and slogan within six wavy lines. 
: Values: {{space|4}} 1, 1½
: Values: {{space|4}} 1/- {{space|4}} [Add $50]
: The ½d and 3d values are assumed to exist but has not yet been seen postally used.

:: '''a'''. With slogan “Stop stamping” / “TRY FRANKING” {{space|4}} [$150]
:: '''b'''. With slogan “Don’t Use Stamps” / “TRY FRANKING” {{space|4}} [$200]
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain Type A2C.jpg|785px]]

'''A2C. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.”''' (Pre-production model) (FV-5).
: Red TM: Single circle within six wavy lines 40mm long. {{space|4}} [$300]
: Value: {{space|4}} 1½ 

:: '''a'''. With slogan “Don’t Use Stamps” / “GET A FRANKER”.
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A2Da.jpg|363px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A2D. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.”''' (Pre-production model) (FV-5).
: TM 45mm across comprising 3 text lines within 7 wavy lines, without slogan.
:: '''a'''.  Printed by letterpress, not a franking machine {{space|4}} [''Rare'']
::: TM black
::: Licence number 57
::: Value:      1½
::: Examples are dated 17 JUN 22
|}
{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A2Db.jpg|363px|left]]
 
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
:: '''b'''. Appears to be a demonstration machine {{space|4}} [''Very rare'']
::: TM red
::: Licence number blank
::: Value:      1½
::: The value die has differences from the letterpress version, for example the value figures are not cut by the outer circle of the frank.
::: One Specimen known, dated 4 JUL 22
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A3.jpg|750px]]

'''A3. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.” ''' (FV-6), 1923.  {{space|4}} [$200]
: Very similar to Type A2 but the frank is narrower, 22mm wide.
: This is the first machine that allowed the frank and town mark to print together in a single pass. 
: TM: SC in six wavy lines, with slogan (as Type A2C), in red. 
: Date in one line.
: Licence numbers 1 and 17 known
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½, 3
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
'''A4. Universal Postal Frankers “N.Z.” ''' (FV-6), 1923. Centre bar C, bottom line straight across. Frank size 22 x 25mm.

[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4A1.jpg|left|400px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4a.jpg|right|700px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4A2.jpg|left|400px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4Ac.jpg|right|700px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''A4A'''. Red or black TM: text in two or three lines amidst six wavy lines. 
: Values: ½, 1½, 2½ 
: Values: {{space|4}} 1 {{space|4}} [''Scarce'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 3, 4½, 5½, 6, 1/- {{space|4}} [''Very scarce'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 2, 3½, 4, 9 {{space|4}} [''Rare'']
: Value: {{space|5}} 4/- {{space|4}} [$100]

:: '''a'''. Centre bar with break at bottom (appears to be caused by damage)
:: '''b'''. With postage meter promotional slogan (as found with Type A2C, or &quot;Note the frank and ask about it&quot;) {{space|3}}[Add $50]
:: '''c'''. Relief machine. Licence number with “X” prefix {{space|4}} [Add $25]


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:475px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A4B.jpg|454px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A4B'''. Black TM: text in two or three lines between single wavy lines at top and bottom {{space|3}}[$200]
: Licence number 1, LONDON S.W.1. only.
: This design was created from type A4A by removing the wavy lines from either side of the townmark.
: Values seen: {{space|4}} ½, 1 {{space|4}} [''Rare'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4C.jpg|left|335px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A4C'''. TM: small single circle, in black.
: Licence number 1, LEICESTER only.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½ {{space|4}} [''Very scarce'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 3, 3½, 6, 1/- {{space|4}} [''Rare'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4DA.jpg|left|410px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4DB.jpg|left|410px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A4D'''. TM with Wembley Exhibition lion within seven horizontal lines. 
: Licence numbers 1, 12, X3, and X12 only.
: Large date figures.
: Licence number 1 is the only one known used on actual mail. The others are all found (so far) only as specimens.
:: '''A'''. Licence number 1 with black town mark (13 June to 16 September 1924) {{space|3}}[$250]
:: '''B'''. Licence number 1 with red town mark (17 September to 1 November 1924) {{space|3}}[$250]
:: '''C'''. Licence number 12, X3, or X12 {{space|3}}[Extremely rare. Meter 12 is known at present by a single example, X3 by three examples. Several impressions of X12 are known but all are in Royal Mail archives.]
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½
: Values: {{space|4}} 2½, 6 {{space|3}}[Add $25]
: Values: {{space|4}} 1/- {{space|3}}[Add $50]

: '''NOTES''':
:: 1) The Exhibition was open from 23 April to 1 November 1924 and again from 9 May to 31 October 1925. The dates given for '''A''' and '''B''' span the known examples. It is possible earlier dates will be found for '''A'''. It also seems likely the machine was not in use during the second, 1925, session.

:: 2) All the known examples of X3 and X12 are demonstration specimens dating from the period between the two sessions when the Exhibition was closed.

:: 3) See also Type A7.1.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type A4E.jpg|left|365px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A4E'''. TM: DC, BIC or SC, in red.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1½, 2½ {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 1, 2, 3, 6, 1/- {{space|3}}[''Very scarce'']

:: '''a'''. TM: BIC
:: '''b'''. TM: SC
:: '''c'''. TM: “EFFICIENCY/ EXHIBITION”, Licence number “X13” {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A5A.jpg|left|400px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A6B.jpg|left|410px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A5. Universal Postal Frankers Model &quot;HS&quot;''' and '''&quot;EHS&quot; ''' (FV-1), 1923. 
: Eight machines known postally used. &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/UPF Model &quot;HS&quot; &amp; &quot;EHS&quot;/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:: '''A'''. Value die with gap between top and bottom halves, centre bars C, D and E.
:: '''B'''. Value die with top and bottom halves joined by double arcs, centre bar D.
: TM: SC within seven wavy lines. Date in two lines. 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½ 
:: '''a'''. Printed in black (error) {{space|3}}[''Only one example known, value uncertain'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{{font|color = green| ''The design previously catalogued as Type A6 is now listed as Type A5B.''}}

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A7.jpg|left|400px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A7. Universal Postal Frankers “Special Midget” ''' (FV-3), 1924. {{space|3}}[$100]
: Frank style same as Types A4 and A5.
: Small date figures.
: TM: DC in six wavy lines, 45mm across. 
: Licence number 5 only.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½

:: '''a'''. With slogan “Stamp Your LETTERS/ THIS WAY”. Licence number 15, found only on proofs.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4DC.jpg|left|410px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A7.1. Universal Postal Frankers &quot;Special Midget&quot;''' (LV-3). {{space|3}}[''Extremely rare'']
: Wembley Exhibition town mark as with A4D but from different meter model.
: Small date figures rather than large as with Type A4D.
: Licence number 2A only.
: Values: {{space|4}} 1½ seen (½ and 1 may exist)

: '''NOTE''': It is possible this machine was not used to frank actual mail. Only two examples are presently known to exist, both from demonstrations.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A8 + A8a.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A8b + A8.jpg|left|380px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A8. Universal Postal Frankers “Midget” ''' (FV-3), 1926. 
: Centre bar C. 
: Normally with top of frank joined to centre bar with single arcs at sides. Exceptions are '''a''' and '''b''' below. 
: Licence number with “M” prefix.
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½ 
: Values: {{space|4}} 2, 3, 4, 4½, 6, 9, 1/- {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']

:: '''a'''. Top of frank does not touch centre bar {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:: '''b'''. Top of frank joins centre bar with double arcs {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']

: ''Upper image shows normal A8 plus A8a. Lower image shows A8b plus normal A8.''
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A9A Semi-circle Wide.jpg|324px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type A9A Semi-circle Narrow.jpg|324px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type A9Aa.jpg|324px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A9A. Neopost''' (FV-1), 1925. 
: 40mm between centres of town mark and frank
: Centre bar D, open at both top and bottom. 
: Top of frank joins centre bar with double arcs.
: Licence number with “N” below, except on variety '''a'''.
: Two varieties of die exist:
:{|
|- 
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''i.'''
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: Lower semi-circle with wide spacing, small loops at top and bottom of frank
|}
:{|
|- 
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''ii.'''
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: Lower semi-circle with narrow spacing, large loops at top and bottom of frank
|}
: TM: BIC
: Values listed below have been seen on either Type A9A and/or A9B:
:: ½, 1½, 2½
:: 1, 2, 3, 6 {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:: 4, 4½, 9 {{space|3}}[''Very scarce'']
:: 3½ {{space|3}}[''Rare'']

:: '''a'''. Licence number “99” reversed by engraving the number into a solid rectangle (this is the first Neopost meter stamp). {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
:: '''b'''. Town mark below the frank rather than at left - modified machine for use on newspaper wrappers {{space|3}}[''Rare''] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/Neopost Newspaper Machines/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:: '''c'''. Trial machine.  M# with &quot;X&quot; prefix and townmark with &quot;T.N.M.&quot; (Trial Neopost Machine) at the bottom. &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/A9TNM/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type A9B Semi-circle Wide.jpg|338px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type A9B Semi-circle Narrow.jpg|338px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''A9B. Neopost''' (FV-4), 1925. 
: As Type A9A, but 48mm between centres of town mark and frank
: Centre bar D, open at both top and bottom. 
: Top of frank joins centre bar with double arcs. 
: Licence number with “N” below.
: Two varieties of die exist, both of which may be fitted to the same machine:
:{|
|- 
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''i.'''
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: Lower semi-circle with wide spacing, small loops at top and bottom of frank
|}
:{|
|- 
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''ii.'''
|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: Lower semi-circle with narrow spacing, large loops at top and bottom of frank
|}
: TM: BIC
: Values listed below have been seen on either Type A9A and/or A9B:
:: ½, 1½, 2½
:: 1, 2, 3, 6 {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:: 4, 4½, 9 {{space|3}}[''Very scarce'']
:: 3½ {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP B: Upright rectangle with simulated perforation outer frame containing monogram of King George V (GvR)}}==
{{font/top|size=3|color=blue}}
* “GREAT BRITAIN” in ribbon at top
* “POST” and “PAID” in ribbons at lower corners above the prefix and licence number.
* Center of frank surrounded by oval of petal-like shapes.
{{font/end}}
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B1A.jpg|left|385px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B1B.jpg|left|415px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B1C.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B1. Universal Postal Frankers “NZ” ''' (FV-6), 1927. 
: “NZ” at bottom left, Licence number at bottom right.
:: '''A'''. TM DC, BIC or nil 
:: '''B'''. TM two or three lines between six wavy lines 
:: '''C'''. TM SC {{space|3}}[''Uncommon'']
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 6, 9, 1/- 

:: '''a'''. Relief machine. Licence number with “X” prefix {{space|3}} [''Uncommon'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B2A.jpg|left|400px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B2B.jpg|left|380px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B2. Universal Postal Frankers “Special Midget” ''' (FV-3). {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: “M” prefix at bottom left. Frank 22 x 25mm. Licence number 5 only.
:: '''A'''. TM: DC between six wavy lines, 45mm wide
:: '''B'''. TM: BIC between six wavy lines, 35mm wide
: Value seen: {{space|4}} 1½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B3.jpg|left|415px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B3. Universal Postal Frankers “HS” ''' (FV-1). {{space|3}}[$100]
: M# blank at bottom left. &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/UPF Model &quot;HS&quot; &amp; &quot;EHS&quot;/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
: TM: SC in seven wavy lines
: Values seen: {{space|4}} ½, 2½ 
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B4A.jpg|left|370px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B4B.jpg|left|380px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B4. Universal Postal Frankers “Midget” ''' (FV-2, 3, 5). 
: As B2 but TM DC or BIC. 
: With “M” at bottom left, serif or sanserif.
:: '''A'''. Frank 20 x 24/25 mm
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1½ 
::: Values: {{space|4}} 2, 2½, 6 

:: '''B'''. Frank 22 x 25 mm
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 6, 9, 1/- 
::: Values: {{space|4}} 5, 8, 1/3, 2/6, 5/-

:: '''a'''. “M” at bottom right instead of bottom left 
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B5A.jpg|left|320px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B5.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B5 smaller TM.jpg|left|137px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B5. Neopost''' (FV-1, 4). 
: With “N” at bottom left. Bottom frame line continuous. 
: Double straight frame lines inside faux perforation outer line either double or single line. (The inner frame lines are close together and often appear as one line.)
:: '''A'''. FV-1 machine, 40mm between centers of town mark and frank
:: '''B'''. FV-4 machine, 48mm between centers of town mark and frank
: TM: BIC, large (23.5mm) or small (21mm) diameter
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½

:: '''a'''. TM below frank 
:: '''b'''. TM at right of frank {{space|3}}[''Uncommon''] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/Neopost Newspaper Machines/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:: '''c'''. Trial machine. Licence number with “X” prefix
:: '''d'''. TM: DC (&quot;LEYLAND PRESTON LANCS.&quot; # A1 seen)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B6A.jpg|left|356px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B6.jpg|left|356px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_B6bb.jpg|left|160px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B6. Neopost &quot;2-V, 3-V, 2-VS, 3-VS, 6-VS&quot;''' (1927 for the 2- and 3-values, 1930 for the 6-VS).
: As Type B5 but 43mm between the centers of the town mark and the frank. 
: Double or single straight frame line/s inside faux perforation outer border.
:: '''A'''. Bottom frame line continuous (models 2-V and 3-V)
:: '''B'''. Bottom frame line with two small breaks below the sides of the value figure (models 2-VS, 3-VS and 6-VS)
: TM: BIC, large only (23.5mm in diameter)
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 9, 1/-, 1/3, 2/-

:: '''a'''. TM at right of frank instead of left {{space|3}}[''Uncommon''] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''' [[/Neopost Newspaper Machines/|Click here for further information]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
:: '''b'''. TM blank at bottom

: '''NOTE''': Several of the values are scarce and worth a premium to some collectors.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type B7A.jpg|341px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type B7B.jpg|262px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design B 1d.jpg|330px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design B 2 5 no D.jpg|332px|left]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design B 2 5d raised.jpg|332px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B7. Pitney Bowes Models &quot;M&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot;''' (FV-1). 
: Crown and GvR in center. 
: Licence number “PB” can be at either left or right. 
: Spacing between TM and frank wide (17mm) or narrow (3mm).
: TM: DC
:: '''A'''. Models &quot;M&quot; &amp; &quot;C&quot;
::: Wide spacing, 17mm.
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 4, 4½, 5½
:: '''B'''. &quot;Models &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot;
::: Narrow spacing, 3mm 
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½

:: '''a'''. Type B7A with slogan applied separately in red, usually on the back of the cover {{space|3}} [$100]
:: '''b'''. Type B7A with slogan applied separately in violet or green {{space|3}} [$200]
:: '''c'''. TM: SC 
:: '''d'''. Provisional stamp. Values 1, 2½.
::: '''i'''. {{space|4}} 1&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; {{space|6}} L.No. 3, 14, 26, 30, 31, 53, 54, 59, 67, 107, 123, 147, 159
::: '''ii'''. {{space|3}} 2½ {{space|6}} L.No. 60
::: '''ii'''. {{space|3}} 2½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; {{space|3}} L.No. 50 (L.No. blank as Variety '''e''').
:: '''e'''. Without licence number, &quot;PB&quot; at left, blank at right

: [[File:Great Britain Type B1 GWR Slogan.jpg|688px|left]]
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B8.jpg|left|384px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B8. Pitney Bowes “Model H” ''' (FV-5). 
: With “H” at bottom left.
: Spacing between TM and frank very wide, 27mm. 
: Value figures variable in height.
: TM: BIC or SC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 5½, 6, 9, 1/- 
: Values: {{space|4}} 7, 10 {{space|3}}[''Uncommon'']

:: '''a'''. Provisional stamp. Value 1½. Value figures large as per Design D. (H57 only)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B9A.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B9B.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B9. Universal Postal Frankers “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1932.
: Value in center, crown and monogram at bottom. 
: With “U” at bottom left.
:: '''A'''. Single line outer frame, 26mm wide
:: '''B'''. Double line outer frame, 25mm wide
: TM: DC, BIC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0/-½ {{space|4}}  0/0½ {{space|4}}  =½d
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type B10.jpg|left|390px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B10. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: Value in center, crown and monogram at bottom. 
: Normally with “P” at bottom left.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 4½, 6

:: '''a'''.  “PB” at bottom left, PB2 only
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP C: Identical to Group B except with monogram of King Edward VIII (Ev&lt;font size=2&gt;III&lt;/font&gt;R)&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type C1.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C1. Universal Postal Frankers “Midget” ''' (FV-2, 3, 5), 1936. 
: With “M” at bottom left.
: TM: BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 6, 9, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:image needed.jpg|left|170px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C2. Neopost''' (FV-1, 4).
: With “N” at bottom left. Bottom frame line continuous.
:: '''A'''. FV-1 machine, 40mm between centers of town mark and frank
:: '''B'''. FV-4 machine, 48mm between centers of town mark and frank
: TM: BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type C2.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type C3.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C3. Neopost''' (LV-2, 3, 6). 
: As Type C2 but 43mm between the centers of the town mark and the frank. 
:: '''A'''. Bottom frame line continuous (models 2-V and 3-V)
:: '''B'''. Bottom frame line with two small breaks below the sides of the value figure (models 2-VS, 3-VS and 6-VS)
: TM: DC, BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 9, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type C4.jpg|267px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C4. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;MS&quot; ''' (FV-1). 
: With “PB” at bottom left. 
: Licence number PB57 only.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type C5.jpg|left|355px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C5. Universal Postal Frankers “Multi-Value&quot;''' (MV). 
: With “U” at bottom left.
: TM: DC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0 {{space|4}} 0/-½ {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =/0½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type C6.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''C6. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: With “P” at bottom left.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 4½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP D: Identical to Groups B and C except with monogram of King George VI (GviR)&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D1.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D1. Universal Postal Frankers “Midget” ''' (FV-2, 3, 5), 1937. 
: With “M” at bottom left.
: TM: DC, BIC, SC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 6½, 7, 7½, 8, 8½, 9, 10, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: image needed.jpg|left|170px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D2. Neopost''' (FV-1, 4).
: With “N” at bottom left. Bottom frame line continuous.
:: '''A'''. FV-1 machine, 40mm between centers of town mark and frank
:: '''B'''. FV-4 machine, 48mm between centers of town mark and frank
: TM: BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2½
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D3.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D3. Neopost ''' (LV-6). 
: As Type D2 but 43mm between the centers of the town mark and the frank. 
: Frank 23mm or 25mm wide. 
:: '''A'''. Bottom frame line continuous (''not shown'')
:: '''B'''. Bottom frame line with two small breaks below the sides of the value figure
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 6½, 7, 8, 8½, 9, 10, 11, 1/-, 1/1, 1/2, 1/3,1/6, 2/-, 2/6, 3/-, 4/-
: Values: {{space|4}} 5/-, 10/- {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']

:: '''a'''. Military stamp. TM “A.R.C.A.P.O. 413 / US ARMY” {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D4.jpg|left|384px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D4. Pitney Bowes “Model H” ''' (FV-5). 
: Frank 21 x 24mm or 23 x 25mm. 
: With “H” at bottom left. 
: Wide spacing between TM and frank.
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4½, 5½, 6, 9
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D5A.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D5B.jpg|left|290px]]
[[File:PB Provisional - Design D 1d 57.jpg|262px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D5. Pitney Bowes Models &quot;M&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot; ''' (FV-1). 
: Frank with nine or ten petals at each side. 
: Double or single line bottom frame line. 
: With “PB” at bottom left. 
:: '''A'''. Models &quot;M&quot; &amp; &quot;C&quot;
::: Wide spacing between TM and frank
:: '''B'''. Models &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot;
::: Narrow spacing
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 5½, 6½ 

:: '''a'''. Without licence number, blank at right {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:: '''b'''. TM: SC (PB50) {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:: '''c'''. Provisional stamp. 1&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; value with space at right of the ‘1’, made from altering a 1½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; die
::: '''i'''. {{space|4}} 1&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; {{space|6}} L.No. 57, 81, 100, 134, 135
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D6.jpg|left|355px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D6. Universal Postal Frankers “Multi-Value” ''' (MV). 
: With “U, UA, UB… UF” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0/1½ {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =/0½ {{space|4}} =½D

:: '''a'''. Used by His Majesty’s Foreign Service, with “F.S.” at bottom of TM
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D7.jpg|left|380px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D7. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: With “P” at bottom left. 
: “POST PAID” in small panels above Licence number and prefix. 
: Small frank, 22 x 25 mm.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 6
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D8.jpg|left|396px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D8. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: As with Type D7, “P” at bottom left. 
: “POST PAID” in arc above postage value. 
: Frank larger than Type D7, 26-27 x 28-30 mm.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5½, 6, 6½

:: '''a'''. Without licence number, blank at bottom right
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D9.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D9. Universal Postal Frankers “NZ” ''' (FV-6). 
: With “NZ” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 4, 6, 1/- {{space|3}}[''Uncommon'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 4½, 8, 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D10.jpg|left|415px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D10. Universal Postal Frankers “Simplex” ''' (LV-13). 
: Similar to other Group D types except the central area is circular rather than oval. 
: “POST” and “PAID” near top above value. 
: With “S, SA, SB…” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½ to 6 in ½d increments
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File: Great Britain stamp type D11.jpg|left|335px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''D11. Neopost “Frankmaster” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: With “NA” at bottom left. 
: Licence number 156 only known.
: TM: BIC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} =0/=(½)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP E: Identical to Groups B, C and D except with monogram of Queen Elizabeth II (EiiR)&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E1.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E1. Universal Postal Frankers “Midget” ''' (FV-2, 3, 5), 1953. 
: With “M” at bottom left.
: TM: BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 6, 8, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E2.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E2. Neopost ''' (LV-6). 
: Bottom frame line broken in two spots near the center. 
: Frank 23mm or 25mm wide. 
: With “N” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 6½, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 1/-, 1/1, 1/3, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/9, 2/-, 2/6, 3/-, 5/-, 7/6, 10/-, 20/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E3A.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E3B.jpg|left|290px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E3. Pitney Bowes Models &quot;M&quot;, &quot;C&quot;, &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot; ''' (FV-1). 
: Spacing wide or narrow. 
: With “PB” at bottom left.
:: '''A'''. Models &quot;M&quot; &amp; &quot;C&quot;
::: Wide spacing
:: '''B'''. Models &quot;MS&quot; &amp; &quot;CS&quot;
::: Narrow spacing
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} 1½, 2, 2½, 3
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E4.jpg|left|385px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E4. Universal Postal Frankers “NZ” ''' (FV-6). 
: With “NZ” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5½, 6, 8, 9, 1/- {{space|3}}[''Uncommon'']
: Values: {{space|4}} 1/4, 1/8 {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E5.jpg|left|355px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E5. Universal Postal Frankers “Multi-Value” ''' (MV). 
: With “U, UA, UB…” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0/1½ {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =/0½ {{space|4}} =½d

:: '''a. Post Office Official Mail''', with &quot;F.S.&quot; at bottom of the town mark
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E6.jpg|left|380px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E6. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6).
: With “P”, “PA” or &quot;PC&quot; at bottom left.
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5½, 6, 9, 1/-, 1/3, 1/6, 2/6 
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E7.jpg|left|410px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E7. Universal Postal Frankers “Simplex” ''' (LV-13,-24). 
: With “S, SA, SB…” at bottom left.
: TM: DC or BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} ½&lt;font size=1&gt;D&lt;/font&gt; to 2/1, in ½ or 1&lt;font size=1&gt;D&lt;/font&gt; increments
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E8.jpg|left|340px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E8. Neopost “Frankmaster” ''' (MV). 
: With &quot;NA, NB, NC...&quot; at bottom left.
: Distance between town mark and frank is variable.
: TM: DC or BIC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} =0/=(½) {{space|4}} =0/0(½)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type E9.jpg|left|370px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''E9. Universal Postal Frankers “Automax” ''' (MV). 
: With “A, AB, AC…” at bottom left.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0/0(½){{space|4}}  =/0(½)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP F: Horizontal frank with no outer frame line}}==
{{font/top|size=3}}
* Floral emblems at the sides, crown and “POST PAID” at top
* &quot;GREAT BRITAIN&quot; in ribbon at bottom above Licence number.
{{font/end}}
&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type F1.jpg|356px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F1. Neopost''' (LV-6, 8), 1959. 
: Licence number with “N” prefix.
: TM: BIC 
: Values: {{space|4}} 1½, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 5, 5½, 6, 7½, 9, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F2.jpg|left|425px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F2. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: Licence number with “P, PA, PC” prefix.
: TM: DC 
: Values: {{space|4}} 2, 2½, 3, 4, 4½, 6, 7, 9
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F3.jpg|left|427px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_F3B.jpg|left|427px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F3. Pitney Bowes “Simplex” ''' (LV-13, LV-25). 
:: '''A. Simplex &quot;Junior&quot; (LV-13):'''
::: Licence number “S1” to “S1000”, “SA1” to “SA1000” and “SB1” to “SB609”.
::: TM: DC, relatively small, with small single line date
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; to 6½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; in ½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; increments
:: '''B. Simplex &quot;Major&quot; (LV-25):'''
::: Licence number “SX1” to “SX1000”, “SY1” to “SY1000”, “SZ1” to “SZ1000”, then “SW-”, “SU-”, “ST-”, “SS-”, etc. downwards (omitting “SO” and “SQ”). 
::: “SV1” onwards were for &quot;Junior&quot; models rebuilt to the &quot;Major&quot; model capacity, but there were few of these.
::: TM: DC, relatively small, with small single line date
::: Values: {{space|4}} ½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; to 1/0½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; in ½&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; increments, or 1&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; to 2/1 in 1&lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt; increments

: '''NOTE''': Value figures known both in serif font, variable thickness font (at top), and in plain font (at bottom).
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F4.jpg|left|390px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F4. Universal Postal Frankers “Multi-Value” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “U, UA, UB…” prefix.
: TM: DC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0/0(½){{space|4}} =/0(½)
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F5.jpg|left|374px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F5. Pitney Bowes “Automax” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “AA, AB, AC…” prefix.
: Value figures always and only in plain font.
: TM: DC 
: V/F: {{space|4}} =0/0= {{space|4}} =0/0
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F6.jpg|left|390px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F6. Roneo Neopost “Frankmaster” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “NA, NB, NC…” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} =0/0= {{space|4}} =0/0
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F7.jpg|left|320px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F7. Roneo Neopost “205” ''' (MV). 
: Small frank. 
: Licence number with “J” prefix.
: TM: BIC
: V/F: {{space|4}} [[File:MeterCat solid 5-point star.jpg|12px]]’ 0 –
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_F8.jpg|left|340px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F8. Roneo Neopost “105” ''' (LV-10). 
: Licence number with “N” prefix, as with Type F1, but with letter suffix. (F1 has no letter suffix.)
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} 2½, 3, 3½, 4, 4½, 5, 6, 7½, 9, 1/- 
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F9.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F9. Pitney Bowes “5000” '''series (MV), 1963. 
: Wide low design. 
: Licence number with “P.B.” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋ 0/0 =
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F10.jpg|left|320px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F10. Pitney Bowes “RT” ''' (MV). 
: Smaller frank than Type F8. 
: Licence number with “RT” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0 / 0= 
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type F11.jpg|left|340px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''F11. Roneo Neopost “605” ''' ('''Postalia “P3” ''') (MV), 1966. 
: Licence number with “TN” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋≋0 {{space|4}} ≋≋.0 {{space|4}} ≋0/0
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP G: Horizontal frank, &quot;GREAT BRITAIN&quot; and large crown at top}}==
{{font/top|size=3}}
* Column of horizontal lines at left
* &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; small at bottom
{{font/end}}
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:430px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type G1A.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type G1B.jpg|left|360px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''G1. Hasler “F88” ''' (MV), 1967. 
: Licence number with “fml” prefix below column of horizontal lines or below “POSTAGE PAID”.
:: '''A'''. Meter number below column of lines
:: '''B'''. Meter number below &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot;
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00/0 [[File:MeterCat 8-point starburst.jpg|12px]]
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP H: Rectangular frank with vertical &quot;GREAT BRITAIN&quot; at left and vertical &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; at right}}==
{{font/top|size=3}}
'''NOTES''':
* The frank dimensions shown in the descriptions are from the outside of &quot;GREAT BRITAIN&quot; to outside of &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; and from the top to bottom frame lines. The Licence number may extend below the bottom frame line in some cases.
* Most stamps of this group (and some in earlier groups) have meter/licence number suffixes as well as prefixes. The suffixes are a means of extending the range of numbers available. They can also symbolize information such as the year the meter was deployed.
{{font/end}}
&lt;br&gt;
----
===={{font|color=blue|Sub-group HA: Stamps from meters with mechanical (solid) die printing mechanism}}====
----
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA1.jpg|left|545px]]

'''HA1. Neopost “105” ''' (LV-6, 8, -10), 1968. 
: Licence number with “N” or “NA”, “NB”, “NC” etc. prefix.
: TM: BIC
: Values: {{space|4}} 1½ up in ½ step increments

'''NOTE''': Through acquisition Neopost postage meters became products of Roneo, Roneo Vickers, Roneo Alcatel and Neopost Alcatel. For the sake of simplicity this catalogue uses ‘Neopost’ for all of them.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA2A.jpg|left|300px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA2B.jpg|left|300px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA2.  Neopost “205” and &quot;2205&quot; ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “J”, “JA”, “JB”… , &quot;P&quot;, or &quot;2N&quot; prefix.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Tall date figures (&quot;205&quot;)
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Short date figures (&quot;2205&quot;) {{space|3}}(This was previously catalogued as Type HA18.)
: TM: BIC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½){{space|4}} 0– {{space|4}} 00(½) {{space|4}} 00– {{space|4}} 000

:::::::::::::::: '''a'''. With slogan in color other than red


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA3.jpg|left|400px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA3. Neopost “305” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “N–“, “NA–“, “NB–“, “NC–“… also “PX–“ prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00(½) {{space|4}} 000(½)


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA4A.jpg|left|340px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA4B.jpg|left|380px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA4. Neopost “405/505” ''' (MV). 
: Frank wider than tall. 
: Licence number with “R”, “RD”, “RH”, “RM”, “RN”, “RR” or “RV” prefix. 
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Frank 27-28 x 21-22 mm
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Frank 31 x 23-24 mm
: TM: BIC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½) {{space|4}} 00(½){{space|4}} 000(½){{space|4}} 0000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA5.jpg|left|320px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA5. Neopost “605” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “TN” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½){{space|4}} {{font|size=4|≋}}00 {{space|4}} {{font|size=4|≋}}'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 000

'''NOTE''': This stamp with “RN” prefix is a specimen.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA6.jpg|left|400px]]

'''HA6. Pitney Bowes Model &quot;CV&quot; ''' (LV-6). 
: Licence number with “PB C” prefix followed by 3-digit number and “A”.
:::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Small TM, 1-line date
:::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Large TM, 2-line date
: TM: DC
Values seen: {{space|4}} 2½, 3, 3½, 4½, 5


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA7.jpg|left|490px]]

'''HA7. Pitney Bowes “Simplex” ''' (LV-25). 
: Licence number with “P.B.S” prefix.
: Frank variable in size from about 23 to 26 mm wide.
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½ to 12½ in ½ increments


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA8.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA8. Pitney Bowes “Automax” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “P.B.A” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½){{space|4}} 00(½){{space|4}} =00(½)


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA9A.jpg|left|310px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA9 TMs.jpg|left|250px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA9. Pitney Bowes “RF” ''' or''' “RT” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “P.B.R” prefix.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Large DC TM, ~21 mm with 4 mm spacing between rings.
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Small DC TM, 19 mm with 2½ mm between rings.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½) {{space|4}} 00(½)


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA10A.jpg|left|340px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA10B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA10. Pitney Bowes “5000” ''' series (MV). 
: Value figures are below level of date figures.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Narrow frank. Licence number prefix “P.B.”, “P.B.C”, “P.B.H”, &quot;P.B.J&quot;, “P.B.K”, “P.B.M”, “P.B.N” or “P.B.T”
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Wide frank. Licence number prefix &quot;P.B.E&quot; or &quot;P.B.V&quot; {{space|3}}(''This was previously catalogued as Type HA20.'')
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½){{space|4}} 00(½) {{space|4}}  000 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00&lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt; {{space|4}} 000&lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA11.jpg|left|365px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA11. Hasler “F22” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “fml” or “FML” prefix.
: TM: DC, date with stop centered after the year figures
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00(½)


&lt;font color=green&gt;&lt;font size=3&gt;'''''NOTE''': Type HA12 in the previous version of this catalogue is now catalogued as Type HA10A.''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA13.jpg|left|340px]]

'''HA13. Pitney Bowes “6300” '''series (MV), 1970. 
: Licence number with “P.B.” prefix plus 4-digit number and letter, or with “P.B. D” or “P.B. L” prefix and a 3-digit number and letter. 
: Date and value figures are on same level.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0(½) {{space|4}} 00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00&lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt; {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000

'''NOTE''': See Type HA24 for a similar stamp.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA14.jpg|left|345px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA14. Friden &quot;PM4&quot; ''' (MV).
: Licence number with “G” prefix.
: TM: SC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00(½)


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA15.jpg|left|240px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA15. Friden “9222” ''' (MV), 1970. 
: Very narrow frank. 
: Licence number with “G” prefix.
: TM: SC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00(½)


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA16A1.jpg|left|362px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA16. Hasler “F66” ''' (MV), 1973. 
: Licence number with “HAS” and &quot;HGB&quot; prefixes.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Licence number breaks bottom frame line 
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Licence number above complete bottom frame line
: TM: DC, without stop after year.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00(½)

'''NOTE''': Type HA16 closely resembles Type HA11 which has a stop centered after the year figures in the date. Type HA16 has no such stop.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA17.jpg|left|410px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA17. Neopost “105-2” ''' (LV), 1973. 
: Licence number with “W” prefix.
: TM: DC
: Values: {{space|4}} ½ to 10½ in ½ intervals


&lt;font size=3&gt;&lt;font color=green&gt;'''''NOTE''': Type HA18 in the previous version of this catalogue is now catalogued as Type HA2B.''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA19.jpg|left|370px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA19. Hasler “Mailmaster” ''' (MV), 1978. 
: Licence number with “HB, HF, HM, HT” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000(½){{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00&lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt; {{space|4}} 000&lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt; {{space|4}} 0000


&lt;font size=3&gt;&lt;font color=green&gt;'''''NOTE''': Type HA20 in the previous version of this catalogue is now catalogued as Type HA10B.''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA21.jpg|left|352px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA21a.jpg|right|590px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA21. Pitney Bowes “6900” '''series (MV), 1986. 
: Licence number with “PBF or PBG” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000

:: '''a. Self-service vending machine stamp''', with boxed slogan titled “SMART MAIL TRIAL”. Printed in green {{space|3}}[$250]
:: '''b'''. With slogan in color other than red


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA22.jpg|left|350px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA22. Pitney Bowes “A900” ''' and ''' “B900” ''' series (MV), 1991. 
: Licence number with “PBC”, “PBW”, or “PB9” prefix followed by 4 or 5-digit number.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA23.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA23. Pitney Bowes “Paragon” ''' (MV), 1992.
: Licence number with “PBP” or “PBQ” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA24.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA24. Pitney Bowes “6600” ''' (MV), 1993. 
: Similar to Type HA13 but frank is taller than wide.
: Licence number with “PBB” prefix. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA25A.jpg|left|340px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA25B.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA25. Frama “E3/E4” ''' (MV), 1982. 
: Licence number with “MMC”, later “FSC” prefix. 
: Value figures tall and thick. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000 {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00(½)

'''NOTE''': See Types HA33, HB8, HB9 and HB10 for other stamps with “FSC” prefix.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA26.jpg|left|370px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA26. Neopost “Electronic” '''series (MV), 1983. 
: Licence number with “1NE, 2NE, 5NE, 6NE, 7NE, 8NE” prefix.
: TM: DC with widely spaced date figures
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00– {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;0.00 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA27.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA27. Neopost “SM78/SM94” ''' (MV). 
: Licence number with “3NE” prefix above broken bottom line. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA28.jpg|left|350px]]

'''HA28. Neopost “9000” ''' (MV), 1988.
: Licence number with “9NE” prefix above broken bottom line. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000

'''NOTE''': See Types HA36 and HB2a for stamp with same prefix.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA30A.jpg|left|340px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA30B.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''HA29. Francotyp “A9000” ''' (MV), 1969. 
: Licence number with “EGS” or “AC.A” prefix breaks bottom frame line. 
: Licence number and prefix variable in size from small to quite large. 
: Value figures large and thick. 
: Date figures widely spaced.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00 {{space|4}} 00(½) {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;00– {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA29.jpg|left|330px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA30. Postalia “P3” ''' (MV), 1983. 
: Licence number with “ENV” prefix. 
: The bottom frame line is complete
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;'''.'''00


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA31.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA31. Postalia “MS5” ''' (MV), 1984. 
: Licence number with “EMD” prefix. 
: The bottom frame line is complete.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000 {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;0'''.'''00


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA32.jpg|left|350px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA32. Francotyp-Postalia “EFS3000” ''' (MV), 1986. 
: Licence number with “EFS” prefix. 
: The bottom frame line is complete.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000 {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA33.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA33. Frama “EPS” ''' (MV), 1994. 
: Licence number with “FSC” prefix. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00

'''NOTE''': See Types HA25, HB8, HB9 and HB10 for other stamps with “FSC” prefix.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA34.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA34. ASCOM Hasler “Smile” ''' (MV), 1995. 
: Licence number with “HS” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;font size=4&gt;≋&lt;/font&gt;000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA35.jpg|left|350px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA35. SECAP “Alpha” '''and ''' “Minipost” ''' (MV), 1996. 
: Licence number with “ASA” or “ASM” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HA36.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''HA36. Neopost “SM75/SM85” ''' (MV), 1998. 
: Licence number with 9NE 5” prefix. 
: Bottom frame line is complete. 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000


----

----

===={{font|color=blue|Sub-group HB: Stamps from digital meters}}====
----
&lt;br&gt;

 [[File:Great Britain stamp type HB1.jpg|left|360px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB1. Ascom Hasler &quot;InteliPost&quot;'''.
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;A&quot; prefix breaks bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: With block of alpha-numeric characters in three lines at lower left of TM. (''See also Type HB6'')
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:GB Zero Value - Frama.jpg|286px|left]]


:::::::::::::::::: &lt;font color=blue&gt;'''HB2.0. Frama''' ''Zero-value impressions''&lt;/font&gt;
:::::::::::::::::: Frama machines may show a line through the value if a zero-value impression is printed.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB2point1 FSC3.jpg|left|295px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB2.1. Frama “Sensonic 2000” ''' (thermal), 1999. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “FSC2” or &quot;FSC3&quot; prefix above bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: Printed in red or blue.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00

:::::::::::::::::: '''NOTE''': See Types HA25, HA33, HB2.2 and HB2.3 for other stamps with “FSC” prefix.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB2point2 FSC7.jpg|left|310px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB2.2. Frama “Mailspirit” '''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “FSC7” prefix breaks bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

:::::::::::::::::: '''NOTE''': See Types HA25, HA33, HB2.1, and HB2.3 for other stamps with “FSC” prefix.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB10.jpg|left|320px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB2.3. Frama “OfficeMail” '''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Very similar to Type HB2.1 but the frank and town mark are slightly larger. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “FSC9” prefix above bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

:::::::::::::::::: '''NOTE''': See Types HA25, HB2.1, and HB2.2 for other stamps with “FSC” prefix.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB10point1.jpg|left|330px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_FB2p4B.jpg|right|340px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB2.4. Frama “Matrix F2/F4/F6” '''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Very similar to Type HB2.3 but the value figures are wider. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “F1” prefix above bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: Printed in red or blue.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Value figures wide, with stop: {{space|4}} 0000
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Value figures narrow, without stop: {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB3point1A.jpg|left|300px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB11.jpg|left|294px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB3.1. Francotyp-Postalia “T1000/T1000S” ''' (thermal), 1992. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “T” prefix above bottom frame.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Wide spacing between numbers in value figures (T1000S)
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Narrow spacing in value figures (T1000)
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in blue
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB12.jpg|left|365px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB3.2. Francotyp-Postalia “JetMail”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Single column of vertical numbers reading up at left of TM. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “FJ” prefix above bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB15.jpg|left|330px]]
[[File:FM2116257 0-39 Loughborough 2015-08-13 HB3.3 MyMail.jpg|left|320px]]
[[File:FU3114589 0-52 Bedford 2015-06-01 HB3.3 Francotyp-Postalia ULTIMAIL.jpg|left|320px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB3.3. Francotyp-Postalia &quot;Centormail&quot;, “MyMail”, &quot;Ultimail&quot; '''and ''' “Optimail”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Similar to Type HB3.2 but the frank is taller and the date figures are slightly more widely spaced. 
:::::::::::::::::: The vertical numbers at left of the TM are shorter than with Type HB3.2.
:::::::::::::::::: Found in blue as well as red.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Centormail: “FC” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. MyMail: “FM” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. Ultimail: “FU” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. Optimail: “F04” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. PostBase: &quot;FP&quot; prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC, nil
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. As B, but with &quot;0FM” prefix
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point1.jpg|left|295px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.1. Neopost “SM22/26”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Very narrow spacing between TM and frank.
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “4NE” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: Printed in red only.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000
&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point2A N1050018a.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:N1166608 2-57 Leicester 2016-04-08 HB4.2 Neopost.jpg|left|280px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.2. Neopost “IS-330/ 350&quot;''' and '''&quot;IJ25” ''' series, 2000. 
:::::::::::::::::: Printed in red by ink-jet method. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “N105/ 110/ 112-118” prefix breaking bottom frame line. (The N111 series was not used.)
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. IS-330 series: L# with N105 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. IJ25 series: L# with N110/ 112/ 113/  114 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. IS-350 series: L# with N115/ 116/ 117/ 118 prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC, SC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in blue by mistake, L# N1153662
::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Error: Used commercially with town mark &quot;NEOPOST SPECIMEN&quot;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point3A 9NE90001a.jpg|left|330px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point3D.jpg|left|330px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.3. Neopost “IJ65/ 75/ 80/ 90/ 110”''', 2000. 
:::::::::::::::::: Similar to Type HAxxx but value figures slightly wider.
:::::::::::::::::: Date as “00–00–00” or &quot;00.00.00&quot;. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “N120/124” prefix 
:::::::::::::::::: Without bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: Printed in red or blue.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Pre-production IJ65: one meter only, licence number 9NE90001
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. IJ65/ 75 series: L# with N120 prefix, date figures as 00-00-00 (with dashes)
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. As '''B''' but date figures as 00.00.00 (with stops)
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. IJ80/ 90/ 110 series: L# with N125 prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Licence number in N124 or N129 series can be from any of the HB4.3 models.
&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point4A.jpg|left|318px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point4C.jpg|right|318px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point4B.jpg|left|318px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point4D.jpg|right|318px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point4E.jpg|left|318px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.4. Neopost “IJ65/ 75/ 80/ 90/ 110”''', 2000. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number breaks bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: Printed only in red.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. IJ35/45 series: L# with N130/ 131 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. IJ40/50 series: L# with N135 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. IS-460 series: L# with N137 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. IS-420 series: L# with N138 prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. IS-440 series: L# with N139 prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point5A.jpg|left|318px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point5B.jpg|left|318px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.5. Neopost &quot;IS-240/ 280/ 480&quot;'''.
:::::::::::::::::: Without bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: Value figures widely spaced.
:::::::::::::::::: Very small date figures slightly above the level of the value figures.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. IS-480 series: L# with N30 prefix (red or blue)
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. S-240/280 series: L# with N33 prefix (red or blue)
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4point6.jpg|left|318px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB4.6. Neopost “IS-5000/ 6000”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Bottom frame line complete.
:::::::::::::::::: Very small date figures.
:::::::::::::::::: Date and value figures are on the same level 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “N50” prefix breaks bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: Printed only in blue.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;


[[File:GB Zero Value - Pitney Bowes.jpg|333px|left]]

:::::::::::::::::: &lt;font color=blue&gt;'''HB5.0. Pitney Bowes''' ''Zero-value impressions''&lt;/font&gt;
:::::::::::::::::: When a zero-value impression is printed on a Pitney Bowes machine, the normal design is replaced by horizontal bars with &quot;INVALID VALUE&quot; at the top.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB4.jpg|left|355px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.1. Pitney Bowes “PostPerfect”''', 1995. 
:::::::::::::::::: Small frank with two columns of stacked numbers left of TM. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “PB7” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


 [[File:Great Britain stamp type HB5.jpg|left|360px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.2. Pitney Bowes “PersonalPost”''', 1998. 
:::::::::::::::::: Short frank printed by ink jet method which leaves telltale horizontal tracks within the frank. 
:::::::::::::::::: Two columns of stacked numbers left of TM. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “PB2” or &quot;PB4&quot; prefix breaks bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000 {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB5point3A.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB5point3D.jpg|right|370px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB5point3B.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:PB338812 0250 Ammanford 2015-11-02 HB5.3.jpg|right|335px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB6.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:PB343570 0480 Londonderry 2014-05-13 HB5.3.jpg|right|340px]]
[[File:PB358847 0112 West Kilbride 2015-08-05 HB5.3.jpg|right|340px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.3. Pitney Bowes “DM200/ 250”''', '''“DM225/ 300”''', '''“DM100i/150i/ 110i”''', '''&quot;DM400C/ 450C/ 475C&quot;''' , and '''&quot;DM50/ 55&quot;''', 2000. 
:::::::::::::::::: Two columns of stacked numbers left of TM. 
:::::::::::::::::: Stamps from these models are identical in appearance except for Licence number prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number prefix breaks bottom frame line.
:::::::::::::::::: Known printed in blue as well as red.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. DM200/ 250 (and possibly DM300C): “PB30/ 31/ 37&quot;
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. DM225/ 300: “PB37” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. DM100i/ 110i/ 150i: “PB8” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. DM50/ 55: &quot;PB0&quot; prefix, later &quot;PB33/ 34/ 35...&quot;
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. DM400C/ 450C/ 475C: &quot;PB6&quot; prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000

:::::::::::::::::: '''NOTES''':
:::::::::::::::::: * Meter model names and prefixes change somewhat frequently. The correspondences shown for HB5.3 are educated guesses.
:::::::::::::::::: * See also Type HB5.5.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type HB7.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:PB520800 0655 London 2014-02-12 Special Delivery HB5-4.jpg|right|350px]]
[[File:Postage Meter 2L 0-40 PB551006 2016-06-10.jpg|right|350px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.4. Pitney Bowes “DM-400/ -500”''', later ''' &quot;Connect+ 1000&quot;'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Very similar to Type HB5.3 but with only one column of stacked numbers left of the TM.
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with “PB50”, “PB52” or &quot;PB550/ 551&quot; prefix breaks bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB15_actual.jpg|left|715px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.5. Pitney Bowes “Connect+ FC” ''', later '''&quot;Connect+ 2000&quot;'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Identical to type HB5.3 except the machine is capable of printing slogans and other data in multiple colors completely across the top of an envelope.
:::::::::::::::::: Two columns of alpha-numeric characters left of the town mark.
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;PB555/ 556/ 557&quot; prefix breaks bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB5point6A.jpg|left|350px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB5point6B.jpg|left|350px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB5.6. Pitney Bowes “DM160i/ 220i”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Very similar to Type HB5.3 but the value figures are more widely spaced with zeros that are more squarish than oval.
:::::::::::::::::: Meter prefixes PB16 and PB8 seen.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB14A.jpg|left|385px]]
[[File:Great_Britain_stamp_type_HB14C.jpg|left|385px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''HB6. Secap / Pitney Bowes “DP-200/ -400”'''. 
:::::::::::::::::: Small frank and short date figures. 
:::::::::::::::::: Licence number breaks bottom frame line. 
:::::::::::::::::: With block of alpha-numeric characters in three lines at lower left of TM (found also on Type HB1).
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Secap DP200: “ST22” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Secap DP400: “ST42” prefix
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. Pitney Bowes: “PB1&quot; prefix
:::::::::::::::::: TM: DC
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP I: Frank with vertical bar codes at sides}}==
{{font/top|size=3}}
* “Royal Mail” at top, licence number at bottom. 
* Without crown, &quot;GREAT BRITAIN&quot; and &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot;.
* The country name, changed to “United Kingdom”, is in the town mark.
{{font/end}}
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type I1.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I1.1. Pitney Bowes “A900” '''series (MV), 1996. 
: Licence number with “PBC” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I1point2.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I1.2. Pitney Bowes “6900” series ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Very scarce'']
: Licence number with “PBG” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I1point3.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I1.3. Pitney Bowes “PostPerfect” ''' (digital). {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Licence number with “PB7” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I2.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I2.1. Hasler “Mailmaster” ''' (MV).
: Licence number with “AH3” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I2point2.jpeg|left|370px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I2.2. Hasler “Mailmaster (104/224)” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Very scarce'']
: Licence number with “AH1” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋00≋


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I3point1.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I3.1. Neopost “5450/5460” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Licence number with “NE5” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I3point2.jpg|left|355px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I3.2. Neopost “EFM7/4000” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Licence number with “NE6” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I3point3.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I3.3. Neopost “8050/8060” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Licence number with “NE8” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I4point1.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I4.1. Francotyp-Postalia “MS5” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Licence number with “FPM” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I5.jpg|left|380px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I4.2. Francotyp-Postalia “T1000” or &quot;EFS&quot;??? ''' (digital). {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Licence number with “FPE” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type I5point1.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''I5.1. Frama “EPS” ''' (MV). {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Licence number with “FAE” prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00


----

----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP J: Mailmark&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt; stamps: &quot;Delivered by Royal Mail&quot; at left, 2D barcode at center, mail class rectangle at right}}==
{{font/top|size=3|color=blue}}
* Mailmark is a trademark of Royal Mail. The Mailmark stamps are replacements for Group HB.
* Format:
** At left: Cross-shaped ''crown''+&quot;'''Royal Mail'''&quot; logo with &quot;'''Delivered by'''&quot; above it on domestic mail, without it on international mail
** At center: date as 00-00-00 above the value figures and licence number above the 2D barcode. International mail has &quot;'''UK'''&quot; above the date.
** At right: an upright rectangle containing the mail class often, but not always, with the weight at bottom
* The stamps do not include a town mark.
* The stamps are nearly identical and can be identified most easily by the licence number prefix. Because of their identical nature, not all stamp types are illustrated.
* Classes of mail seen so far:
** '''1''' / Letter
** '''2''' / Letter 
** '''1''' / L Letter / (weight)
** '''2''' / L Letter / (weight)
** '''1''' / Small Parcel 
** '''2''' / Small Parcel 
** '''1''' / Medium Parcel 
** '''2''' / Medium Parcel 
** '''1''' / Advanced
** '''2''' / Advanced
** '''2''' / Advanced Letter
** '''A''' / Europe
** '''ITS''' / ROW1, ROW2 or ROW3 {{space|3}}[''ITS = International Tracked and Signed, ROW = Rest Of World.'')
** the hour of the day  (''for Special Delivery'') 
** (blank) / Surcharge Payment
** (blank) / Zero Test (''identifies a non-postage stamp'') 
{{font/end}}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File: Great Britain stamp type J1point1.jpg|left|420px]]
[[File:Postage Meter 2SP 2-57 PB2013754 2016-06-08.jpg|right|390px]]
[[File:Postage Meter 2MP 4-47 PB173882 2016-04-19.jpg|left|400px]]
&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J1.1. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM160i/220i&quot; ''' (digital), 2014. 
::::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Licence number with &quot;PB16/17&quot; prefix. Found in red as well as blue.
::::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Licence number with &quot;PB20&quot; prefix. Seven digits in licensce number.
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00

::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red


[[File: Great Britain stamp type J1point2.jpeg|left|430px]]
[[File: United Kingdom stamp type J1point2 UK.jpg|left|430px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J1.2. Pitney Bowes &quot;Connect+&quot; ''' (digital), 2014. 
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;PB55&quot; or &quot;PB66&quot; prefix.
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00

:::::::::::::::::::: '''NOTE''': The Connect+ model is capable of printing a multi-color slogan across the entire length of the envelope.


[[File: Great Britain stamp type J2point1.jpeg|left|430px]]
&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J2.1. Frama &quot;Matrix F12...&quot; ''' (digital), 2014.
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;FR2&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00


[[File: Great Britain stamp type J3point1.jpeg|left|430px]]
&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J3.1. Neopost &quot;IS-240/280&quot; ''' (digital), 2014.
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;NE6&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00

::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red


[[File: Great Britain stamp type J3point2.jpg|left|420px]]
[[File:NE8002592 0-51 1st Class Letter 2015-08-13 J3.2 Neopost 2.jpg|right|380px]]
[[File: Great Britain stamp type J3p2 ITS.jpeg|left|420px]]
[[File:Postage Meter 2SP 2-57 NE8011863 2016-08-16.jpg|right|380px]]
&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J3.2. Neopost &quot;IS-480&quot; ''' (digital), 2014.
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;NE8&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00

::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red


[[File:Great Britain stamp type J3point3.jpg|left|400px]]
&lt;br&gt;
::::::::::::::::::::'''J3.3. Neopost &quot;IS-5000/6000&quot; ''' (digital), 2014.
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;NE9&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00


[[File:FP6112257 0-78 1st Class Large Letter 2015-06-01 J4.1 Francotyp-Postalia 2.jpg|left|380px]]
&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J4.1. Francotyp-Postalia &quot;PostBase Qi3/4/6/9&quot; ''' (digital), 2014.
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;FP611&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:Great Britain Type J4 2.jpg|362px|left]]
:::::::::::::::::::: '''J4.2. Francotyp-Postalia''' (Unknown, possibly '''&quot;PostBase Office&quot;''' or '''&quot;PostBase Vision&quot;''' series) (digital).
:::::::::::::::::::: Licence number with &quot;FP911&quot; prefix. 
:::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} ₤0'''.'''00


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP PC: Digital stamps from PC/internet systems&lt;/font&gt;==
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC1.jpg|left|350px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC2.jpg|left|343px]]


'''PC1. Royal Mail “SmartStamp” ''', 15 January 2004. 
: Square 2D barcode at left with value figures and identification code above and the ‘POST BY’ date below. 
: At center is a large negative letter indicating the class of mail/ “ROYAL MAIL”/ and a postage paid statement. 
: At right are two vertical bars of uneven widths (a mail class barcode).
: Mail classes:
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “1” (1st class mail)
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “2” (2nd class mail)
:::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. “A” (international airmail) (‘Par Avion’ after the postage paid statement.)
:::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. “SU” (international surface mail)
:::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. “Royal Mail / '''special'''delivery”) (This appears in a large box replacing the middle box and bars at right.)
:::::::::::::::::: '''F'''. “SP” (vertical) (standard parcel)
:::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC1Bbb.jpg|right|360px]]


:: '''a'''. For use in Wales, with &quot;POST/ BRENHINOL&quot; replacing &quot;ROYAL MAIL&quot;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC1cc.jpg|right|660px]]
:: '''b'''. &quot;POST BY THE END OF&quot; instead of &quot;POST BY&quot;
:: '''c'''. Without value figures. The weight (or weight/service) appears where the value figures normally are. (''Possibly this is a format used by bulk mailers.'') 
:: '''d'''. “ROYAL MAIL”/ the postage paid statement/ “SmartStamp.co.uk”. 
:: '''e'''. “ROYAL MAIL”/ service/ and the postage paid statement.
:: '''f'''. With &quot;Signed For&quot; postal direction added below the frank. Examples: &quot;Signed For 1st Class&quot;, &quot;Int Signed For Small Packets&quot;
:: '''g'''. Value figures and date small
:: '''h'''. 2nd class stamp with 1st class barcode (''larger bar at right'')


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC1fgh.jpg|1000px]]


'''NOTE''': The SmartStamp on-line postage program was overhauled in August 2006. The update allowed users to add slogans in color. Some minor changes appeared in the frank but they are not consistent. For example, “POST BY” is often larger but is also found in the earlier, small size. The value figures and inscriptions can also vary in size. The frank may be slightly smaller than the first version although this may be due to printer variables rather than software changes. 


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC2 actual.jpg|left|400px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''PC2. Royal Mail “SmartStamp” ''', 2004. {{space|3}}[Appears to be rare]
: As Type PC1 but the mail class indicator is positive and &quot;ROYAL MAIL&quot; is negative at the bottom.
: Due to the early date (March 2004) this may be an early experimental or test design.
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC3.jpg|left|530px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''PC3. Royal Mail “Click &amp; Drop” ''' (digital), 2017.
: Click &amp; Drop is an online system that allows anyone to print postage at home without having to register beforehand. The only requirement is that the franked mail must be dropped at a post office or specially designated post box.
: The service offers postage labels for both parcels and letters. Shown here is the top of a large label which was used on a parcel. It is very likely that the labels for letters are smaller and in a different format.
: The parcel stamp has the Royal Mail logo at top right and the service indicator at top left. Below this is a band containing the weight, the service indicator repeated, and the value figures. In the bottom section are a 2D barcode field and a tracking barcode. 
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00


[[File:Great Britain Type PC4.jpg|475px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type PC4B.jpg|485px|right]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:::::::::::::::::::::: '''PC4. Royal Mail “Click &amp; Drop” ''' (digital).
:::::::::::::::::::::: Similar to type PC3 but with data rearranged.
:::::::::::::::::::::: The parcel stamp has the Royal Mail logo at top right and the service indicator at top left. 
:::::::::::::::::::::: Under this is a band containing the service type, parcel type and weight.  The next section contains a 2D barcode field and a tracking barcode. 
:::::::::::::::::::::: Below this are the recipient and sender's addresses ''(greyed out and labelled in the examples illustrated)''
::::::::::::::::::::::: &quot;'''A'''&quot;. With &quot;Postage Paid GB&quot; below Royal Mail logo at upper right, and with the postage cost and latest mailing date in the lower panel of the stamp.
::::::::::::::::::::::: &quot;'''B'''&quot;. For Royal Mail account holders, with &quot;Postage on Account GB&quot; below Royal Mail logo at upper right, no value shown, and with customer data in the lower panel of the stamp.
:::::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
::::::::::::::::::::::: Note: Two versions of the Royal Mail logo exist:
&lt;br&gt;
::::::::::::::::::::::::: [[File:Great Britain Type PC4Ba closeup.jpg|150px]] {{space|4}} {{space|4}} [[File:Great Britain Type PC4Bb closeup.jpg|150px]]
&lt;br&gt;


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP PO: Stamps generated by Post Office counter (window) machines&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;
{{font/top|size=3|color=blue}}
Type PO impressions include a service indicator code. Not all the codes were used on all types. Many did not come into use until after PO1 was retired, and several became obsolete before PO2 was inaugurated. The following is a list of all codes seen or reported:

:* &quot;1ST&quot; (2002) or “1st” (2003) (letter mail weighing up to 60 grams)
:* &quot;1af&quot; (&quot;1st&quot; in Welsh)
:* &quot;1PK&quot; (1st class packet)
:* &quot;1L&quot; (large letter or packet weighing up to 60 grams)
:* &quot;1LL&quot; (replaced &quot;1L&quot; in 2003) 
:* &quot;1LG&quot; (replaced &quot;1LL&quot; in 2006) 
:* &quot;2ND&quot; (2002) or “2nd” (2003) (letter mail weighing more than 60 grams)
:* &quot;2il&quot; (&quot;2nd&quot; in Welsh)
:* &quot;2L&quot; (large letter or packet weighing more than 60 grams)
:* &quot;2LL&quot; (replaced &quot;2L&quot; in 2003) 
:* &quot;2LG&quot; (replaced &quot;2LL&quot; in 2006) 
:* &quot;2PK&quot; (2nd class packet)
:* “A” (airmail)
:* “AX” (overseas insured mail)
:* &quot;AAX&quot; (replaced &quot;AX&quot;)
:* &quot;FP&quot; (Fully Paid, found on reposted underpaid airmail)
:* &quot;IT&quot;. (International Tracking)
:* &quot;ITS&quot; (International Tracking &amp; Signature)
:* &quot;MOR&quot; (Mail order return)
:* “PF” (“parcel force worldwide”, replaced by “PE&quot; and &quot;PS” in July 2002) {{space|3}}[Rare (''see NOTE below'')]
:* &quot;PE&quot; (International economy parcel)
:* &quot;PS&quot; (International standard parcel)
:* &quot;RPR&quot; (Packet post return)
:* &quot;RSF&quot; (Recorded, signed for)
:* “P” (parcel post, replaced by &quot;SP&quot; in 2005)
:* “SP” (standard parcel)
:* “S” (surface letter mail weighing over ten grams, replaced by &quot;SU&quot;)
:* “SU” (international surface mail)
:* “SD” (special delivery)


:* &quot;B&quot; (2002) (British Forces mail)
:* &quot;1B&quot; (British Forces mail, letter mail weighing up to 60 grams)
:* &quot;2B&quot; (British Forces mail, letter mail weighing more than 60 grams)
:* &quot;BL&quot; (British Forces mail, large letter or packet weighing more than 60 grams)
:* &quot;BLL&quot; (replaced &quot;BL&quot; in 2003)
:* &quot;BLG&quot; (replaced &quot;BLL&quot; in 2006)
:* &quot;BF&quot; (British Forces parcel)
:* &quot;BPK&quot; (British Forces packet)
:* &quot;FF&quot; (British Forces freepost)


'''NOTE''': &quot;PF&quot; is probably not the only code that is rarely found.

{{font/end}}
&lt;br&gt;

----
&lt;font color=blue&gt;&lt;font size=4&gt;Label Types&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label A1.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Label A''' 
: Plain white self-adhesive label with rounded corners with die-cut anti-peel slits.

:: '''a'''. Label without anti-peel slits (used during experimental period, February to April 2002).
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label B1.jpg|300px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label B2.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Label B''' 
: Gold label showing large portrait of Queen Elizabeth II with die-cut anti-peel pattern.

:: '''B1'''. With simulated perforations.
:: '''B2'''. With straight edges and rounded corners.  Light version printed by De La Rue (2011-2012), darker version printed by Walsall (2012-2015).
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label C1 Temp.jpg|300px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label C2.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Label C''' 
: Predominantly white label with portrait of Queen Elizabeth II at upper right and &quot;'''·'''SINGLE USE ONLY'''·'''&quot; in concentric quarter circles at bottom right.

:: '''C1'''. Beige.
:: '''C2'''. Grey.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label D Temp.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Label D''' 
: Similar to Label C but smaller portrait and without &quot;'''·'''SINGLE USE ONLY'''·'''&quot;.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Label E Temp.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Label E''' 
: Similar to Label C but with portrait of King Charles III.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----
&lt;font color=blue&gt;&lt;font size=4&gt;Anti-peel Slit Types&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Cutout 1.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Anti-peel Slit Type 1''' 
: Used with Label A.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Cutout 2.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Anti-peel Slit Type 2''' 
: Used with Label B1.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Cutout 3.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Anti-peel Slit Type 3''' 
: Used with Label B2.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Cutout 4.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Anti-peel Slit Type 4''' 
: Used with Label B2.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PO Cutout 5.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''Anti-peel Slit Type 5''' 
: Used with Labels C, D and E.
|}
&lt;br&gt;

----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Type PO1A.jpg|300px|left]]
[[File:Type PO1B.jpg|300px|left]]
[[File:Type PO1 Wales.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''PO1. &quot;Horizon&quot;''' software, '''&quot;Wincor-Nixdorf&quot;''' printer (digital), 14 February 2002. 
: Large service indicator code at top between horizontal bars. 
: Between two horizontal lines:
::* &quot;Royal Mail&quot;
::* &quot;POSTAGE PAID UK&quot;
::* Date, value figures, Post Office postcode (date normally as DD/MM/YY, but also known as DD-MM-YY)
::* Post Office ID at left, coded data at right in the form #-########-#
:: '''A'''. Inscriptions short and thick (original software)
:: '''B'''. Inscriptions taller and thinner (replaced A starting in 2003)

: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00

:: '''a'''.	For use in Wales, with &quot;Post Brenhinol/TALWYD Y POST DG&quot; (or &quot;Talwyd Y Post DG&quot;) added below &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot;
:: '''b'''.	As '''a''' but misspelled as &quot;Post Brenhino&quot;

: '''NOTE''': First day covers are rare because the first day of use was not announced publicly.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Type PO2.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''PO2. &quot;Horizon&quot;''' software, '''&quot;Wincor-Nixdorf&quot;''' printer  (digital), 29 September 2011.
: As PO1 but smaller, with &quot;'''.'''&quot; plus lowercase letter (service code) after &quot;Royal Mail&quot; and a number (tax rate) added after &quot;POSTAGE PAID UK&quot; 
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Type PO3.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''PO3. &quot;Horizon&quot;''' software, '''&quot;Wincor-Nixdorf&quot;''' printer (digital), 2015.
: Left justified at top left:
::* Service indicator between two horizontal lines
::* Value figures and weight
::* Destination (not always shown)
::* Post Office branch number, date
::* Transaction number (Session ID), VAT code, horizontal line
::* Payment Reference Number with &quot;PRN:&quot; prefix

: 2D barcode at lower left, service type (&quot;L&quot; - Letter, &quot;S&quot; - Special Delivery) or mail class (&quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot;) at lower right.
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Type PO4.jpg|300px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''PO4. &quot;Horizon&quot;''' software, '''NCR &quot;Post &amp; Go&quot;''' printer (digital), 2016.
: Left justified at top left:
::* Service indicator
::* date + underline
::* weight and value figures and horizontal line
::* Payment Reference Number with &quot;PRN&quot; prefix and horizontal line

: At right of the 2D bar code field between two horizontal lines:
::* Code
::* Post Office branch number
::* VAT code
::* Service type or mail class
::* Vertical code in format ##-####

: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP PD: Special stamps used for Postage Due&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;br&gt;
 [[File:Great Britain stamp type PD1.jpg|left|620px]]

'''PD1. Pitney Bowes “5000” ''' (MV), 1991. {{space|3}}[$250]
: Simple square frank with crown at top. 
: Double circle TM with POSTAGE DUE at bottom. 
: Special slogan SURCHARGE POSTAGE DUE. 
: One example known printed in black on green tape 
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PD2.jpg|left|620px]]

'''PD2. Neopost “Electronic” ''' (MV), 1994. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Nearly square frank with TO PAY at top. 
: With or without special slogan “(town name) SURCHARGE DUTY”.
: Printed in green 
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000 


----
=={{font|color=blue|GROUP PP: Special stamps used for Parcel Post}}==
{{font|color=blue|'''NOTE''': Catalogue values are for loose tapes.}}
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP1.jpg|left|340px]]
[[File:Great Britain Type PP1 v.jpg|363px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP1. Ticket-Issue Machines (T.I.M.) ''' (LV-12), 1947. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Produced by two experimental machines:
:: '''A'''. Used at Romford, Essex, from 28 April 1947 to 24 Sep 1948, but withdrawn between 21 Jan 1948 and 15 Mar 1948.
:: '''B'''. Used at Cambridge from 28 April 1947 to 28 Sep 1948, but probably withdrawn for a similar period to the machine at Romford.
: Boxed “PARCEL POST” vertical at left.
: Values: {{space|4}} 6d to 1/5 in 1d increments
:: '''a'''. One example of Type PP1B is known with the boxed &quot;PARCEL POST&quot; printed in black, spaced at a larger than normal distance to the left.  This should not be possible based on the design of the machine, so may be a trial with a manually-applied 'PARCEL POST' marking.
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP2.jpg|left|317px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP2. Westinghouse-Garrard Ticket Machines Ltd. ''' (MV), 1947. 
: From an experimental machine used between Dec 1947 and Nov 1948 at Cambridge and between Feb 1949 and Aug 1950 at Birmingham. 
: Printed in red on white labels.
:: '''A'''. With “S D” below “POSTAGE” (Cambridge) {{space|3}}[$100]
:: '''B'''. With “PAID” below “POSTAGE” (Birmingham) {{space|3}}[$150]
: Values: {{space|4}} 1d to 9/11½ in ½d increments
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP3.jpg|left|340px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP3. T.I.M. ''' (LV-12), 1948. 
: As Type PP1 but “PARCEL POST / PAID” in the box at left, and the crown above value figures is smaller.
: Values: {{space|4}} 9d to 3/3 in 1d increments
: '''NOTE''': Specimens exist. They are printed on pink paper instead of white but otherwise look the same {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain Type PP4 Birmingham.jpg|311px|left]]
[[File:Great Britain Type PP4 Leith.jpg|311px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP4. Universal Postal Frankers “Simplex” ''' (LV-25), 1950. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Two machines modified to print on labels:
:: '''A'''. Used at Romford and Birmingham from 25 IX 50 to 24 X 51.
::: TM: DC at right of frank with two solid circles to the right of the TM.
:: '''B'''. Used at Aberdeen and Harrogate from 21 I 52.
::: TM: DC at right of frank with two solid circles to the right of the TM.
::: The Aberdeen machine is known used to at least 1957.
::: The Harrogate machine was subsequently transferred to Leith.
:: '''C'''. Used at Leith from 14 II 55. 
::: TM: DC at right of frank with two solid five-pointed stars to the right of the TM.
::: The illustration at left shows reduced spacing between the value die and the TM - this is not normal and may have been caused by slippage.
: Values: {{space|4}} 1d to 2/1 in 1d increments, although values below 9d are not thought to have been used.
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP5.jpg|left|340px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP5. T.I.M. ''' (LV-12), 1951. {{space|3}}[$50 for verified used example, $20 for unused example]
: Special design used at Festival of Britain exhibition in London between May and September 1951. 
: Similar to Type PP3 but slightly wider and with center section closed at left. 
: Festival of Britain logo in box at left.
: Values: {{space|4}} 9d to 3/3 in 1d increments 
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP6.jpg|left|275px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP6. Setright Registers Ltd. ''' (LV-22), 1951. {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: From two experimental machines used in Birmingham and Cambridge to about 1958. 
: Design similar to Type PP3 but smaller and without straight inner line in value box. 
: Boxed “PARCEL POST / PAID” vertical at left 
: Values: {{space|4}} 9d to 2/6 in 1d increments 
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP7.jpg|left|320px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP7. Setright Registers Ltd. ''' (MV), 1958. {{space|3}}[$150]
: Large Crown at top of value box, and without monogram of monarch at bottom.
: With boxed “POSTAGE / PAID” vertical at left. 
: Larger than Type PP6. 
: From a trial machine used from Sep 1958 to late 1959. 
: Values: {{space|4}} 1d to 19/11 in 1d increments. Postage values below 1/ are preceded by “=”.
|}
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PP8.jpg|left|335px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
: '''PP8. Setright Registers Ltd. ''' (MV), 1959. 
: As Type PP7 but with boxed “PARCEL POST / PAID” at left.
: Values: {{space|4}} 1d to 19/11 in 1d increments. Postage values below 1/ are preceded by “=”.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP RP: Special stamps for Railway Parcel Post}}==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP1.jpg|left|500px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP1. National Cash Register Company Ltd. “900” ''' (MV), 1925. {{space|3}}[$100]
: Used by the London and North Eastern Railway at Ipswich between 1933 and 1934. 
: Purple impression on orange labels. 
: Center line printed through a ribbon includes operator’s ID letter, amount paid, sequence number and date.
:::::::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. With “PARCEL STAMP” at top (as pictured). {{space|4}} V/F: -0 0-
:::::::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. With “Parcel Stamp Label” at top. {{space|4}} V/F: -0'''.'''0 o/R


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP2.jpg|left|308px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP2.jpeg|right|315px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP2. National Cash Register “1900” ''' (MV), 1933. {{space|3}}[$100]
: Used by the London and North Eastern Railway at Kings Cross, Liverpool Street, and Newcastle. 
: Purple impression on gray green label. 
: Center line printed through a ribbon includes clerks ID number, amount paid, rate, and sequence number.
: V/F: {{space|4}} –0•0


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP3.jpg|left|318px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP3. Westinghouse-Garrard Ticket Machines Ltd. ''' (MV), 1947. {{space|3}}[$100]
: From an experimental machine used in 1947 and 1948 at various stations including Harrow, Brighton, Luton, Kings Cross and Slough. 
: Upright rectangle with outer frame line.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0 0 – (double lined numbers) 


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP4.jpg|left|332px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP4. National Cash Register “1900” ''' (MV), 1948. {{space|3}}[$100]
: Tall stamp used by the London and North Eastern Railway at Kings Cross. 
: Purple impression on green labels. 
: Center line as Type RP2
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0•0


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP5.jpeg|left|300px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP5. National Cash Register “100” ''' (MV), 1948. {{space|3}}[$100]
: Plain stamp with station name in center and date-rate line at bottom. 
: Used by the London and North Eastern Railway at Kings Cross and Liverpool. 
: Purple impression on white with very pale green or pale blue underprinting (“British Railways” diagonally). 
: Bottom line printed through a ribbon shows date, sequence number, and amount paid. 
: V/F: {{space|4}} 0•0


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP6.jpg|left|470px]]

'''RP6. T.I.M. ''' (MV), 1951. {{space|3}}[$100]
: From an experimental machine used between 1951 and 1952 at Brighton, Southern Region.
: Frank has straight-line frame lines segmented into several boxes.
: The top of the frank is open at the top above the station name.
: Shown vertically at left outside the frame at left are BRITISH RAILWAYS / S REGION / BRIGHTON.
: Purple impression on white paper straight at top and bottom, serrated at the sides. 
: V/F: {{space|4}} (0)0/(0)0 &lt;sup&gt;D&lt;/sup&gt;


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP7.jpg|left|420px]]

'''RP7. T.I.M. ''' (MV), 1950. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
: Similar to RP6, this stamp was used when no cash was involved at time of dispatch.
: Station name vertical at left.
: Without a value line. 
: Purple impression on white label.
&lt;br&gt;
: '''NOTE''': The &quot;COND. NO.&quot; box at right usually contains a number. Less often are found a dash or &quot;NON / ISSUE&quot;.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP7point1.jpg|left|450px]]

'''RP7.1. T.I.M. ''' (MV), 1936. {{space|3}}[$200]
: As Types RP6 and RP7 but the outer frame line is unbroken across the top.
: Station name vertical at left, L.N.E.R. / IPSWICH.
: The top center segment contains only the parcel stamp number, without the station name.
: Red impression on tan label.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 1/- [[File:MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]]seen. {{space|3}}(''possibly similar to the V/F for RP6'')

'''NOTES''': Type RP7.1 preceded Types RP6 and RP7 by nearly 15 years. L.N.E.R. stands for London and North Eastern Railway.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type RP8.jpg|left|326px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''RP8. Westinghouse-Garrard Ticket Machines Ltd. ''' (MV), 1953. {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: Town line boxed in center with value line above and serial number and date below. 
: Purple impression on cream paper. 
: Separation by two long slits at top and bottom.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 00 00 (0)0


----

=={{font|color=blue|GROUP MM: Special stamp used for Military mail}}==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Great Britain stamp type MM1.jpg|left|280px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''MM1. Neopost''' (LV). {{space|3}}[$300]
: Stamp used by British forces in East Africa during World War Two. 
: This was a Ceylon stamp converted from normal use by removal of “CEYLON” from the upper panel. 
: Not known used with attached town mark.
: Found with double circle hand stamp “E.A. / A.P.O. 58” 
: Value seen: {{space|4}} 20 cents


----

==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP PV: Special stamps generated by public, self-service vending machines&lt;/font&gt;==
&lt;font size=3 color=blue&gt;'''NOTE''': See also Type HA21a for a vending machine stamp.&lt;/font&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:Britain PV1.jpg|left|150px]]

'''PV1. Wilkinson (Automatic Stamp Selling Machines) ''' (FV-1), 1912. 
: Circular stamp with “POSTAGE PAID” and crown below value figure. 
: Used from 25 January to 31 August at G.P.O. London E.C.
::::::::: '''A'''. First day cover {{space|3}}[$125]
::::::::: '''B'''. Printed in red, used on any day other than 25 January {{space|3}}[$175]
::::::::: '''C'''. Printed in maroon or red-brown (found sporadically in late February, consistently in later months) {{space|3}}[$200]
::::::::: '''D'''. Last day cover {{space|3}}[$300]
::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1d

'''NOTE''': The Wilkinson machine was promoted in the philatelic press of the day, and several stamp collectors made a point of getting examples on the first day of use. Use of the machine tailed off rapidly thereafter. It was finally removed from service because of lack of use.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV1point1.jpg|left|350px]]

'''PV1.1. Samkyung Hitech &quot;Weigh and Pay” ''' (digital), 25 March 2004. {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
: The stamp is similar to Post Office stamp Type PO1 but the printed design is nearly square rather than tall like PO1.
: The bottom line is in a much smaller font than with PO1.
: Several services were available. Those verified are as follows:
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “1st” (letter mail weighing up to 60 grams)
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “2nd” (letter mail weighing more than 60 grams)
:::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. “A” (international air mail)
:::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. &quot;SU&quot; (international surface mail)
:::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. &quot;HM&quot; (special rate for mail to British military overseas)
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0.00

'''NOTES''':
:::::::::::::::::: * Three machines were trialed in Alfreton, Broadgate (London), and Luton.
:::::::::::::::::: * They were withdrawn from service after eight months of use, on 20 October, due to slow and awkward operation.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV2.jpg|left|300px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV2point1.jpg|right|290px]]

'''PV2. Pitney Bowes and Fujitsu “Post &amp; Go” ''' (digital), 29 January 2007. 
: The stamp is nearly identical to Post Office stamp Type PO1 and is most easily identified by the lengthier alpha-numeric code at lower right which has the form of ##X####X-######-##. (or PAG-######-#)???
: A full range of services was probably available but only these two are verified:
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “1st” (letter mail weighing up to 60 grams)
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “2nd” (letter mail weighing more than 60 grams)
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00

'''NOTE''': Two kiosks were tested in Birmingham starting on the date indicated. Soon after other kiosks were installed in Birmingham and Belfast and at other locations even later.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV3 A.jpg|left|375px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV3 B.jpg|left|395px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''PV3. Wincor Nixdorf &quot;Post &amp; Go&quot; ''' (digital), 8 October 2008.
: Horizontal label with service indicator at top center above &quot;Royal Mail&quot;
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Label with smooth edges, replaced by ''' B''' starting in January 2009
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Label with simulated perforations at top and bottom
: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00

'''NOTE''': These machines also produced dateless stamps that could be used anytime and anywhere. Such stamps show the Machin profile portrait of the Queen or color illustrations. They are not catalogued here.


[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV3.jpg|left|425px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV4B 1st.png|left|425px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PV4aa.jpg|right|440px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type PC1 label.jpg|left|375px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''PV4. Wincor Nixdorf &quot;Post &amp; Go” ''' (digital), 7 May 2010.
: Similar in design to Type PC1 but without the square digital bar code at left.
: Both &quot;1st&quot; and &quot;2nd&quot; stamps are found and have different bar configurations at the right.
: With or without service indicator added below the value figures.
: The stamps are printed on self-adhesive labels with security field at far left.
::::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Prototype design printed on label with straight edges and rounded corners and security field that does not touch the left edge of the label, in use for a couple days only at the London 2010 Festival of Stamps exhibition.  {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
::::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Standard design printed on label with simulated perforations at top and bottom. The security field varies in density, is wider and touches the edge of the label.
::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} £0'''.'''00

::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. With characters but no date under &quot;Post By&quot; (The font is larger than normal, and the &quot;2&quot; and bars are smaller than normal.)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----
==&lt;font color=blue&gt;GROUP ESY: Essays&lt;/font&gt;==
* Meter stamp '''essays''' are experimental designs that were either abandoned or changed in some way before being approved for use. Experimental designs that reach field testing or production intact are known as pre-production proofs.
* Meter stamp essays are almost universally rare with some being unique and others unknown in collectors' hands.
* It is likely that more essays were created than are listed here. Most may be lost forever as meter companies went out of business, with their records eventually being lost or destroyed. Others may still exist in company archives or in the memorabilia of active and former employees.
* Meter stamp '''proofs''' are identical to approved, issued stamps. Those generated before the stamp design was released are technically essays but are categorised as '''pre-production proofs''' and are not included in the ESY Group. Collectors should be aware of them however, since they are generally quite rare and have significance.
----
&lt;br&gt;

----
====Sub-group ESY-ASM: Automatic Stamping Machine Co. / Automatic Franking Machine Co. (New Zealand)====
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-A 1.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-A 2.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-A 3.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-A 4.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-A 5.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-A-A. Moss &quot;Model A&quot;''' (FV5), 1909.
: Demonstration dies with various images or text advertising the benefits of franking machines.
: This machine was demonstrated to the Post Office by Mr. Hislop, secretary to Sir Joseph Ward (then Postmaster General of New Zealand), on 16th August 1909.
:: '''a.''' One 'escaped' example bearing the 'King's Head' design is known to have been used on live mail on 26th August 1909.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-LONDON 0 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-LONDON 1d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-LONDON 3d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-LONDON 6d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-B-LONDON 12d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-B-A. Moss &quot;Model B&quot;''' (FV5), probably pre-1916.
: Design as per '''New Zealand Type B1A''', but with town name &quot;LONDON&quot;.
: M# 1-2		
: Values: ½d, 1d, 3d, 6d, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-A 0d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-A 0d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-A 0d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-A 0d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-A 0d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-A. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1919.
: Design as per '''New Zealand Type B2''', except that the word &quot;PAID&quot; above the M# and the value in words below the M# are replaced by dashes.  With town name &quot;ANYWHERE&quot; at bottom of dies.
: This machine was demonstrated to the Post Office on 8th March 1919 by Miss A. Saunders, secretary to Sir Joseph Ward (the Minister of Finance for New Zealand).  It had been sent to London on 4th December 1918 for demonstration by Sir Joseph at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919.
: M# 2		
: Values: 0d, 0d, 0d, 0d, 0d
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-B 0 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-B 1d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-B 1 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-B 6d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-B 12d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-B. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1921.
: Design as per '''New Zealand Type B2''', but with town name &quot;LONDON&quot; at bottom of dies.
: Four machines, being part of a shipment of six machines sent to London on 4th February 1921, the remaining two of which were for demonstration in the United States.
: M# 1-4		
: Values: ½d, 1d, 1½d, 6d, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 0 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-C 1d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-C 1 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-C 6d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-C 12d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-C. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1921.
: Value-dependent designs with different town names and M#.
: Submitted to the Post Office on 8th August 1921 and trial conducted on 12th November 1921.
: Values: ½d, 1d, 1½d, 6d, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-C 0 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 1d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 1 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 2d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 3d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 6d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D 12d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-D1. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1921.
: Revised value-dependent designs with different town names and M#.
: Submitted to the Post Office on 2nd December 1921.
: Values: ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d, 3d, 6d, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D2.jpg|390px|left]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-D2. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1922.
: As per Type '''ESY-ASM-D-D1''' but with M#1.
: Examples of the 1½d and 1/- values are known cancelled by a black &quot;MAR.28.22. / CHELSEA SW3&quot; cancellation essay
: A set of all five values is known cancelled by a black &quot;APL.26 22 / CHELSEA S.W.3&quot; cancellation essay (note the difference in date and townname format).  This was possibly the machine demonstrated by R. Leonard, Esq., at the meeting of the City of London Philatelic Society on that date.
: Values: ½d, 1d, 1½d, 6d, 1/-
: '''NOTE:''' Image at left has been reduced in size.
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D3 0 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D3 1d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D3 1 5d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D3 2d.jpg|128px]]
[[File:GB-ESY-ASM-D-D3 12d.jpg|128px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-ASM-D-E. Moss &quot;Model D&quot;''' (FV5), 1922.
: Simplified designs showing the value and M# only.
: The Post Office Archives contain example of the individual values cancelled by a black &quot;APL 26.22 / CHELSEA. SW3.&quot; cancellation essay.  The date and townname format is again different, and this machine may be another contender for the machine demonstrated by R. Leonard, Esq. (see Type ESY-ASM-D-D2).
: M#1
: Values: ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d, 1/-
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

====Sub-group ESY-PB: Pitney Bowes====
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-PB-R-A.jpg|300px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-PB-R-A. Pitney Bowes &quot;Model R&quot;''' (MV), 1960.
: Proposal for Design F die design. 
: GREAT BRITAIN at top, crown and rose above M# &quot;PB99999&quot; at left of value.
: TM: SC &quot;LONDON / W.C.2&quot; dated 14 XI '60
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋ 0/0 =
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-PB-R-B.jpg|322px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-PB-R-B. Pitney Bowes &quot;Model R&quot;''' (MV), 1960.
: Proposal for Design F die design.  
: GREAT BRITAIN curved below crown.  M# with &quot;PB&lt;font size=1&gt;NO&lt;/font&gt;.&quot; prefix at left of value, &quot;99999&quot; at right of value.
:: '''a.''' TM: SC &quot;LONDON / W.C.2&quot; dated 14 XI '60
:: '''b.''' TM: SC &quot;CITY / STATE&quot; dated 17 VIII '61
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋000
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-PB-R-C.jpg|322px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-PB-R-C. Pitney Bowes &quot;Model R&quot;''' (MV), 1961.
: Proposal for Design F die design. 
: Similar to Type '''ESY-PB-R-B''' but with pre-decimal value.
: TM: SC &quot;PITNEY-BOWES / SPECIMEN&quot; dated 14 XI '60
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋ 0/0 =
|}
&lt;br&gt;


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-PB-R-D.jpg|363px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-PB-R-D. Pitney Bowes &quot;Model R&quot;''' (MV).
: Proposal for Design F die design. 
: Similar to Type '''ESY-PB-R-C''' but with horizontal lines above and below value die.
: TM: DC &quot;PITNEY-BOWES / SPECIMEN&quot; without date
: V/F: {{space|4}} ≋ 0/0 =
|}
&lt;br&gt;


----

====Sub-group ESY-UPF: Universal Postal Frankers Ltd.====
----
&lt;br&gt;


----
====Sub-group ESY-JNK: Jenkins &amp; Burghard====
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-JNK-FV-A.jpg|400px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-JNK-FV-A. Jenkins &amp; Burghard''' (FV5), 1924.
: Trial machine, not accepted by Post Office. 
: V/F: ½, 1
|}


----

====Sub-group ESY-NEO: Neopost====
----
&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-LF-A.jpg|116px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LF-A. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for &quot;LATE FEE&quot; die to permit mail to be franked after normal business hours then accepted by the Post Office the following day. This frank would have been impressed in addition to the normal postage.
: Standard Design A die, but with &quot;Great Britain&quot; and M# replaced by large boxed &quot;LATE FEE&quot;.  
: V/F: 2
: Supplied by the engravers, Zang &amp; Co. Ltd., to Neopost between 1st October and 31st December 1925.
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-A.jpg|302px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-A. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: &quot;POST PAID&quot; at top, value repeated at left and right at bottom.
: M# &quot;N1&quot; breaks oval below royal cypher.
: V/F: 1½
: Supplied by the engravers, Arthur Tremayne Ltd., to Neopost on 20th November 1926 with the M# unengraved.
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-B.jpg|102px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-B. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: &quot;POST PAID&quot; at top, value repeated at left and right at bottom.
: Large royal cypher without crown.
: Solid box for M# breaks oval below royal cypher.
: Not known with TM.
: V/F: 1½
: Supplied by the engravers, Arthur Tremayne Ltd., to Neopost on 20th November 1926.
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-C.jpg|103px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-C. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: Crown above smaller royal cypher, petal-like patterns on either side replaced by a more open design.
: M# &quot;N1&quot; breaks oval below royal cypher.
: Not known with TM.
: V/F: 1½
: Supplied by the engravers, Arthur Tremayne Ltd., to Neopost on 20th November 1926.
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-D.jpg|293px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-D. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: &quot;POST PAID&quot; at bottom above value figures.
: M# &quot;N1&quot; in oval below royal cypher.
: V/F: 1½
: Supplied by the engravers, Arthur Tremayne Ltd., to Neopost on 11th December 1926.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-E.jpg|283px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-E. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: Value shown only once, in a box below the royal cypher.
: M# &quot;N12&quot; only.  The authorities objected to the small size of the M#.
: V/F: 1½
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-F2.jpg|288px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-F. Neopost''' (FV1), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines, but fitted to a FV1 machine.
: Similar to Type '''ESY-NEO-LV-E''', but the box surrounding the value has been removed.
: M# blank.
: V/F: 1½
: '''NOTE'''. Black and white scan - original would have  been printed in red.
|}


{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:400px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:GB-ESY-NEO-FV-B-G.jpg|310px|right]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''ESY-NEO-LV-G. Neopost''' (LV2), 1926.
: Proposal for Design B die design for use with the new Neopost Limited Value machines.
: Similar to Type '''ESY-NEO-LV-F''', with the addition of the M# in a larger font than used in Type ESY-NEO-LV-E.
: This is the design that was finally adopted as Design B, but M# with &quot;N&quot; at right instead of at left.
: M# 10N only.
: V/F: 1½
|}


----

====Sub-group ESY-FTP: Francotyp====
----
&lt;br&gt;


----
----
&lt;center&gt;&lt;font size=3&gt;&lt;font color=green&gt;Return to main catalogue&lt;/font&gt; &amp;rArr;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[../]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/center&gt;


&lt;center&gt;&lt;font size=3&gt;&lt;font color=green&gt;Return to top&lt;/font&gt; &amp;rArr;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;u&gt;[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/International_Postage_Meter_Stamp_Catalog/Great_Britain Great_Britain]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/center&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>jx1a0rqntduk3fwszanmkwgvg48ro69</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Micronations/Micronational war</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>246956</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448779</id>
      <parentid>4357118</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:25:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>more important then &gt; more important than</comment>
      <origin>4448779</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2590" sha1="fr4h6ahnzzl9qgrdhjdzsobkg66u0e0" xml:space="preserve">==War against another nation==

===Declaring war===
Micronations can declare war on other micronations just like other countries. However recognized counties (called macronations by the micronation community) typically will not recognize it as a real war. As such they may arrest anyone who participants in the war if the war turns violent.  

===Prosecuting the war===
====Mock War====
Micronations usually fight war jokingly.

Some also fight in non lethal ways such as paintball or airsoft. This allows micronations to fight without wasting human capital, or evoking a police response from host macronations.
====Real War====
{{Warning|Fighting a real war will almost certainly lead to the arrest of everyone involved as a best case scenario. This section explains why real war between micronations is so rare.}}

There are good reasons why micronations almost never fight serious wars. First and foremost, there is rarely a good reason to fight, as micronations rarely share disputed borders or contest resources. Secondly a real war is logistically difficult, and poses great expense on a host nation, both in human lives and materially. Micronations typically have little human capital relative to most conflicts, so conserving it is even more important than it is for macronations. Additionally, micronations rarely share borders, so even traveling to other micronations can be difficult.

If the two micronations would actually fight with weapons, the actual recognized countries nearby might declare the individuals participating in micronational war as violent criminals, and this would lead to police action. With many micronations, the arrest and potential imprisonment of involved micronation citizens would either lead to significant or total depopulation.

The scale of micronational war does lead to some significant differences from macronational war. 

In some cases, such as during the [[/Molossian-Mustachistani War/|Molossian-Mustachistani War]], surrounding recognized countries instead remained neutral.

===Ending the war===
Micronations most commonly end wars with peace treaties, declaring peace between the two nations. However some do end in one side surrendering.

==List of already occurred wars==
*[[/Francian-Gustavian Civil War/]]
*[[/Molossian-Mustachistani War/]]
*[[/Molossian-East German War/]]
*[[/First Conch-American War/]]
*[[/Second Conch-American War/]]
*[[/Sealand War of Independence/]]
*[[/Achenbach Rebellion/]]
*[[/Conch Civil War/]]
*[[/Emerian-American War/]]
*[[/Cyclldian-Spero War/]]
*Svobodan-Savvatkan Wars of 2022 and 2023
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>fr4h6ahnzzl9qgrdhjdzsobkg66u0e0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lentis/Children and Cell Phones</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>260433</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448901</id>
      <parentid>4447281</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:34:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>199.111.224.135</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added to cell phones and brain damage, citing more recent studies and the causes behind the fears. Furthermore, I discussed more on cyberbullying and mental health. I also talked about different groups at play, such as parent organizations, social media platforms, parental monitoring programs, and medical &amp; mental health organizations.</comment>
      <origin>4448901</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="25270" sha1="6hmntsq8vajzyko5rh6mqitkacq3d77" xml:space="preserve">
== Introduction ==
[[File:2007Computex e21Forum-MartinCooper.jpg|thumb|Martin Cooper]]
Cell phones may have started out as a gadget for adults, but they have now become a necessary item for the entire family. In 2004, 45% of children younger than 18 years old owned a phone; but by 2010, that percentage rose to 75%{{ref|children with phones|[1]}}. Today, children as young as seven years old are more likely to own a cell phone than a book{{ref|phonebook|[2]}}. This dramatic increase in cell phone use by children raises a whole new set of concerns.

==='''History'''===
On April 3, 1973, [[w: Martin Cooper (inventor)| Martin Cooper]], a manager for Motorola, made the first cellular phone call from the streets of NYC to his rivals at [[w: Bell Labs| Bell Labs]]. The phone he used was a prototype of the [[w: Motorola DynaTAC| Motorola DynaTAC]], which was 9 inches tall, weighed 2 1/2 lbs, contained 30 circuit boards, had 35 minutes of talk time, and required 10 hours to fully recharge{{ref|wired|[3]}}. 

In the thirty-eight years since that first call, there has been a dramatic evolution of the cell phone. Since the first commercial release of cell phones in the early 80s{{ref|pcworld|[4]}}, phones have become smaller, more affordable, and more capable. While cell phones and their growing capabilities have many benefits, their use also carries some risk.

== Social Connection vs. Social Isolation==

==='''Social Connection'''===

Each new cell phone model is released with an intended use in mind. These purposes include basic communication (texting or calling), pictures or videos, calendar applications, and Internet connection. The most recent cell phone application is the [[w:Siri (software)|iPhone 4 Siri]] in which a user cannot only communicate with others, but can also communicate with his or her phone by talking directly to it.

Because most adults did not grow up using cell phones, they use this technology as a means for communication. But when cell phones are put into the hands of children, the use can quickly extend beyond those originally intended.

====''Adolescent Theories''====

E. Elkind proposed adolescent egocentrism, a psychological theory about the social interactions of adolescents.{{ref|Egocentrism|[5]}} During this developmental stage, adolescents are known to be self-conscious and have extremely low self esteem, and therefore, have a need to feel included, accepted by peers, and connected. The feeling of belonging that many teenagers strive for has been found in the security of a cell phone. Cell phones give children the ability to bond with others, form a private social life, overcome feelings of awkwardness by communicating indirectly, and therefore, it provides a symbol of acceptance that most teenagers struggle to find.{{ref|Acceptance|[6]}} While walking down a sidewalk full of strangers, a cell phone is often seen as a social lifeline to many teenagers in today’s [[w:Social isolation|socially isolated]] society.{{ref|Lifeline|[7]}}

==== Warped Perception of Aging ====
Social media addiction has significantly influenced children who have grown up with constant access to cell phones and is suspected to be creating a warped perception of aging. Social media platforms often expose young users to trends and behaviors, especially beauty and fashion-related, that are intended for older teenagers and adults&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Goldstein |first=Thalia R. |last2=Bloom |first2=Paul |date=2015-04-01 |title=Characterizing characters: How children make sense of realistic acting |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0885201414000677 |journal=Cognitive Development |series=SI Cognizing the Unreal |volume=34 |pages=39–50 |doi=10.1016/j.cogdev.2014.12.001 |issn=0885-2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;. This creates an environment where children feel pressured to mature prematurely&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Reid Chassiakos |first=Yolanda (Linda) |last2=Radesky |first2=Jenny |last3=Christakis |first3=Dimitri |last4=Moreno |first4=Megan A. |last5=Cross |first5=Corinn |last6=COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA |last7=Hill |first7=David |last8=Ameenuddin |first8=Nusheen |last9=Hutchinson |first9=Jeffrey |last10=Levine |first10=Alanna |last11=Boyd |first11=Rhea |last12=Mendelson |first12=Robert |last13=Swanson |first13=Wendy Sue |date=2016-11-01 |title=Children and Adolescents and Digital Media |url=https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/138/5/e20162593/60349/Children-and-Adolescents-and-Digital-Media?autologincheck=redirected |journal=Pediatrics |volume=138 |issue=5 |pages=e20162593 |doi=10.1542/peds.2016-2593 |issn=0031-4005}}&lt;/ref&gt;. This absorption in age-inappropriate content accelerates the process of &quot;growing up too fast,&quot; leaving children vulnerable to unrealistic expectations and challenges beyond their developmental stage.

==='''Social Isolation'''===

Although cell phones have fulfilled the need for children to be connected, overuse of this technology can result in social alienation. Because children have the ability to be in constant contact with people from different cities, states, and even countries, they can involuntarily alienate themselves from their current, social surroundings. 
[[File:Cell_phones.jpg|thumb|Social Isolation Caused By Cell Phone Usage]]

====''Social Development Alterations''====

The overuse of cell phones by children can stunt their social development by not allowing for the development of skills such as the ability to:
* Summarize: Because texting allows children time to think before they respond, the ability to express opinions in a clear and concise manner is harmed.{{ref|Lifeline|[7]}}
* Read social cues: Cell phone dependent children often isolate themselves in social situations and therefore never develop the ability to read social cues, which is detrimental to future educational or professional environments. 
* Be aware of social surroundings: For example, children crossing a street while using a cell phone are less likely to look both ways, and are therefore 43% more likely to be struck by a passing car.{{ref|Pedestrian|[8]}}

====''Cell Phone Dependency''====

{{disputed|date=December 2013}}

The availability of cell phones to children creates a cause for a childhood addiction. Cell phone dependency is characterized by extreme [[w:Extraversion and introversion|extraversion]], [[w:Neuroticism|neuroticism]], and low [[w:Self-esteem|self-esteem]].{{ref|Egocentrism|[5]}} Today, an extraverted personality is a positive attribute, but when it is extreme, a person has an obsessive need to be with or in communication with a person at all times. Teenagers already have a stereotypically low self-esteem, so those that are dependent on a cell phone for communication will have greater difficulty overcoming this barrier. {{ref|Lifeline|[7]}}

== Parents' Control v.s. Children's Independence==

Cell phones produce the conflicting results of giving parents more control and giving children more independence. While the appeal of cell phones includes child safety, cell phones can often be dangerous to own.

==='''Cell Phone's Enable Parental Control'''===
[[File:Treo 650 TomTom Navigator.jpg|thumb|Cell Phone GPS Tracking Capability]]

Parents may feel that their child is safer carrying a phone. Cell phones give parents peace of mind since it provides instant connectivity. Parents can contact their children to determine their whereabouts and activities. Especially for children far away from home or with divorced parents, the cell phone allows parents to stay involved in their child's life. 

A phone can be used to teach children responsibility. They will learn to care for their phone, avoid losing it, and stay within their plan limits. At a young age they will learn about budgets and social etiquette. 

Parents often use cell phones as a means to discipline their children. Sixty-two percent of parents take phones away as punishment, and 52% of parents limit the time of day their children may use their phone {{ref|ParentalControl|[9]}}. Parents can also give their children boundaries such as to call them whenever they change locations. The rules parents establish regarding cell phones may improve a child's behavior.

In a 2009 survey, 64% of parents look at the contents of their child’s phone, and 48% of parents use phones to monitor their child's location {{ref|ParentalControl|[9]}}. There are many pieces of software available that parents can buy to monitor their child’s cell phone activity such as [http://www.iwondersurf.com/ iWonder Surf] and [http://www.webwatchernow.com/mobile-phone-monitoring-software/?refID=lnkshr&amp;siteID=sYZWWQeqRbc-QYTmWClve2.394h2xhLdWQ Webwatcher Mobile]. To activate and view activity, a parent has to secretly install the software on their child’s phone and log onto their online account. They can view [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System GPS] location, text messages, and call information. Parents can even disable web access during school hours.

==='''Cell Phones Enable Children's Independence'''===

Frequently cell phones have the opposite result of giving children more freedom, which can expose them to serious risks. With instant connectivity possible, children today are more likely to be able to leave home. The cell phone also enables children to lie about where they are and what they are doing. 

By having more independence, children may be more vulnerable to certain dangers such as sexting. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexting Sexting] is the sending of sexually explicit messages or photographs between phones. [[w:Vanessa Hudgens|Vanessa Hudgens]] and [[w:Miley Cyrus|Miley Cyrus]] are examples of young celebrity role models who had nude text messages leaked to the public. Sexting is becoming increasing popular among middle school and high school students. The coming of age mistakes and immaturity are becoming even more visible with cell phone technology. Over 15% of 12-17 year olds claim they have received nude photos from text messages {{ref|Sexting Statistic|[10]}}.
These actions can lead to serious consequences such as embarrassment, misdemeanors, felonies, and even child pornography charges. 

Cells allow a new way for children to be bullied. Over 1 in 5 teens have been cyber-bullied{{ref|Cyber-bully Statistic|[11]}}. Cyber-bullying can lead to low self-esteem, depression, suicide, violence and school failure. 

Cell phone usage has strong impacts on cyberbullying and mental health in children. Spending too much time on screens can prevent children from taking mental breaks, reflecting, and engaging fully with their surroundings, while also reducing opportunities for face-to-face social connections.  A 2022 survey by the Pew Research Center found that almost half of U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 (roughly 46%) have experienced cyberbullying &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Vogels |first=Emily A. |date=2022-12-15 |title=Teens and Cyberbullying 2022 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2022/12/15/teens-and-cyberbullying-2022/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;. In young people, phone addiction is strongly linked to depression in young people &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Wu W, Chen Y, Shi X, Lv H, Bai R, Guo Z, Yu L, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen Y, Zeng Y |title=The Mobile Phone Addiction and Depression Among High School Students: The Roles of Cyberbullying Victimization, Perpetration, and Gender. |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9095501/ |journal=National Library of Medicine}}&lt;/ref&gt;. The ABCD study links increased screen time in children to impaired social skills, mental health issues, behavioral challenges, and sleep disturbances &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hmidan |first=Amira |last2=Seguin |first2=Diane |last3=Duerden |first3=Emma G. |date=2023-07-10 |title=Media screen time use and mental health in school aged children during the pandemic |url=https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-023-01240-0 |journal=BMC Psychology |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=202 |doi=10.1186/s40359-023-01240-0 |issn=2050-7283 |pmc=PMC10332035 |pmid=37430372}}&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Social media platforms such as Meta have AI and 24/7 monitoring teams to proactively detect and remove bullying posts. TikTok and X also have in-app reporting tools &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Johnston |first=Windsor |date=August 3, 2024 |title=A historic new law would protect kids online and hold tech companies accountable |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/08/02/nx-s1-5057818/kids-online-safety-act-cyberbullying-children-internet-social-media |url-status=https://www.npr.org/2024/08/02/nx-s1-5057818/kids-online-safety-act-cyberbullying-children-internet-social-media |archive-url=https://www.npr.org/2024/08/02/nx-s1-5057818/kids-online-safety-act-cyberbullying-children-internet-social-media |website=NPR}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Pro-forma safety rules are being integrated into social media platforms and monitoring services, establishing automatic standards like age verification and content filtering to enhance child safety online. These rules aim to create a baseline level of protection while offering parents more control over their children's digital interactions. However, some measures by social media platforms can be seen as more about compliance rather than a genuine concern for user safety. The Parents for Safe Online Spaces is an organization of families who lost their children due to social media-related incidents. The parents advocated for the Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA), which aims to protect children online on social media platforms &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Companies such as Bark.us and Kaspersky Safe Kids offer parental monitoring programs, which help children remain safe in a digital world &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 10, 2024 |title=How to prevent cyberbullying using parental monitoring apps |url=https://www.safesearchkids.com/how-to-prevent-cyberbullying-using-parental-monitoring-apps/ |url-status=live |archive-date=https://www.safesearchkids.com/how-to-prevent-cyberbullying-using-parental-monitoring-apps/ |access-date=https://www.safesearchkids.com/how-to-prevent-cyberbullying-using-parental-monitoring-apps/ |website=Safe Search Kids}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Medical and mental health organizations like the American Psychological Association (APA) and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), which highlight the links between cyberbullying, screen time, and mental health issues in youth. 

Cell phones also open up children to communication with predators. Predators not only target children through texting, but also through webcams, the internet, and social networking sites available on many phones. Over 1 in 7 children have been propositioned online for sex from a predator {{ref|Predator Statistic|[12]}}.

== Helpful in Emergency vs. Health Emergency ==

==='''Helpful in Emergency'''===
Cell phones are extremely convenient in emergencies. In most situations in which emergency help is needed, people can now pull out their cell phones to dial 911 or access information quickly. In large-scale emergencies, parents can contact their children to assure they are safe, and schools can send alerts to the entire student body{{ref|Babay|[13]}}. This is an overwhelmingly positive benefit to the widespread use of mobile phones. In these cases, it could be argued that cell phones ''save'' lives. However, some would say the negative health side effects outweigh the benefits of being able to make an emergency call.

==='''Health Emergency'''===
[[File: Tumor BrainstemGlioma2.JPG|thumb|right|MRI of child with brainstem tumor.]]
Cell phones are known to generate [[w:electromagnetic field|electromagnetic fields]] (EMFs). This is how they communicate with cell towers and why we can communicate almost everywhere. The problem is that phones emit these electromagnetic waves in all directions, including into our bodies. A 1996 study explored the [[w:Specific absorption rate|Specific Absorption Rate]] (SAR), the rate of energy absorption, in models of a human adult brain, a 10 year old brain, and a 5 year old brain during cell phone use. Their study showed notably higher SAR's in a 10 year old than an adult, and even higher SAR's in a 5 year old. These results prove that EMFs penetrate deeper into children’s brains than adults’ brains{{ref|Gandhi|[14]}} and contribute to the idea that cell phones may be more harmful to children than to adults. This increased susceptibility to EMF penetration is attributed to the fact that children have smaller brains and softer brain tissue than adults.{{ref|Chalfen|[15]}} 

In response to the fears that cell phones are causing [[w: brain tumor|brain cancer]], many researchers have tried to determine whether cell phones (or the electromagnetic radiation they emit) are actually ''causing'' brain cancer. In the first study focusing specifically on children{{ref|Boice|[16]}}, Aydin et al. looked specifically at children with brain cancer. The group looked at 352 children (7-19 years old) from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland that had been diagnosed with a brain tumor between 2004 and 2008. Their cell phone usage times were estimated based on interviews and examination of their phone records. Despite fears, they found no evidence tying regular cell phone use to a higher risk of cancer in children{{ref|Aydin|[17]}}. 

These conclusions regarding cell phones and brain cancer need to be qualified. Due to the recent increased use of cell phones, especially among children{{ref|Pew|[18]}}, it is not yet possible to evaluate their long term impact on health. Unfortunately, experts estimate that symptoms may not  appear until 15 to 35 years after initial use{{ref|Pitt|[19]}}; therefore, it would be difficult, if not impossible, to prove causation at this time{{ref|German|[20]}}.

Early fears about brain cancer arose because older, bulkier mobile phones were held directly against the head for long periods during voice calls. This raised concerns that the non-ionizing radiation emitted by these phones could potentially harm the brain and increase cancer risk. As technology evolved, voice calls have sharply declined, replaced by options such as texting and hand-free options. A comprehensive analysis of 63 studies by the World Health Organization (WHO) found no evidence linking cell phone use to an increased risk of brain cancer &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Avenue |first=677 Huntington |last2=Boston |last3=Ma 02115 |date=2024-09-11 |title=Cell phones don’t cause brain cancer: study |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/cell-phones-dont-cause-brain-cancer-study/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=News |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;. The studies have found that phone radiation does not increase cancer risks, or brain cancer, due to its low-level and non-ionizing nature &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. Harvard's Dr. Timothy Rebbeck emphasizes that non-ionizing radiation is fundamentally different from harmful ionizing radiation, such as X-rays &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;.

==='''Society's Reaction'''===
Some groups, such as the International Parenting Association, take this qualification to the extreme and insist that cell phones will harm children and should ''never'' be used{{ref|Parenting|[21]}}. Others would site more definitive research supporting the contrary, such as a paper from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute that states: “there is no known biologically plausible mechanism by which non-ionizing radio waves of low energy can disrupt DNA and lead to cancer” {{ref|Boice|[16]}}.

We can't currently prove causation, but we also can't prove non-effect. With no definitive support for either side and the possibility of years before such support arrives, we must ask ourselves and important question: Should we deprive ourselves (and our children) from the benefits of cell phones because of potential risks to our health?

== The Generalizable Lesson ==

Cell phones were initially created to socially connect our society, improve safety, and be helpful in health emergency situations. But with these benefits have come consequences, especially for the growing number of children with cell phones. Some consequences include cell phone dependency, vulnerability to dangerous people, and potentially harmful radiation. This case can be broadened to more generalizable lessons. As seen from the examples above, technology may be created with certain ''intended'' purposes, but those purposes can change and evolve once the technology is put into the hands of a user. Furthermore, while there may be many benefits associated with a new technology, there may also be unforeseen consequences of its widespread use.

==References==

#{{note|children with phones}} McEntegart, J. (2010, January 20). ''One third of 11-year-olds have cell phones''. Retrieved from http://www.tomsguide.com/us/U.S.-Cell-Phones-Children-Kids,news-5603.html 
#{{note|wired}} Alfred, R. (2008, April 03). April 3, 1973: ''Motorola calls AT&amp;T. By cell''. Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/04/dayintech_0403
#{{note|pcworld}} Edwards, B. (2009, October 04). ''Evolution of the cell phone''. Retrieved from http://www.pcworld.com/article/173033/evolution_of_the_cell_phone.html
#{{note|phonebook}} Paton, G. (2010, May 26). ''Children 'more likely to own a mobile phone than a book'''. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationnews/7763811/Children-more-likely-to-own-a-mobile-phone-than-a-book.html
#{{note|Egocentrism}} Hakoama, M., &amp; Hakoyama, S. (2011). ''The impact of cell phone use on social networking and development among college students.'' The American Association of Behavioral and Social Sciences Journal, 15, 1-20. Retrieved from http://aabss.org/Journal2011/05HakoamaFinal.pdf
#{{note|Acceptance}} ChildAlert. (2011, November). ''Technology: Mobile phones''. Retrieved from http://www.childalert.co.uk/article.php?articles_id=429 
#{{note|Lifeline}} Fox, K. (2001). ''Evolution, alienation, and gossip''. Retrieved from http://www.sirc.org/publik/gossip.shtml 
#{{note|Pedestrian}} Blank, C. (2011, August 11). ''Harmful effects of cell phones on kids''. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/218837-harmful-effects-of-cell-phones-on-kids/ 
#{{note|ParentalControl}} Questionland. (2009, April 1). ''Should you give a tween a cell phone?'' [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://blog.questionland.com/should-you-give-a-tween-a-cell-phone. (2011, December 5). 
#{{note|Sexting Statistic}} Lenhart, A. (2009, December 15). ''Teens and sexting''. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2009/Teens-and-Sexting.aspx 
#{{note|Cyber-bully Statistic}} Lenhart, A., Ling, R., Campbell, S., Purcell, K. (2010, April 20). ''Teens and mobile phones''. Retrieved from http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/Teens-and-Mobile-Phones/Chapter-5/The-cell-phone-has-become-a-new-venue-for-harassment-and-bullying-of-teens.aspx 
#{{note|Predator Statistic}} Thomson, A. (2008, November 23). ''Parent alert- sexual predators can be accessing mobile phones''. Retrieved from http://www.adoptionarticlesdirectory.com/Article/Parent-Alert---Sexual-Predators-Can-Be-Accessing-Mobile-Phones/28995
#{{note|Babay}} Babay, E. (2011, September 03). Colleges upgrade emergency-alert systems. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved from http://washingtonexaminer.com/local/2011/09/colleges-regionwide-upgrade-emergency-alert-systems
#{{note|Gandhi}} Gandhi, O. P., Lazzi, G., &amp; Furse, C. M. (1996). Electromagnetic absorption in the human head and neck for mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 mHz. ''IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques'', 44(10), 1884 - 1897. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
#{{note|Chalfen}} Chalfen, R. (2010). Children, cell phones, and health. In I. Berson &amp; M. Berson (Eds.), ''High-tech tots: childhood in a digital world'' Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing, Inc.
#{{note|Boice}} Boice, J. D., &amp; Tarone, R. E. (2011). Cell phone, cancer, and children. ''Journal of the National Cancer Institute'', 103(16), 1211-1213. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org
#{{note|Adyin}} Aydin, D., Feychting, M., Schüz, J., et al. (2011). Mobile phone use and brain tumors in children and adolescents: a multicenter case-control study. ''Journal of the National Cancer Institute'', 103(16), 1264-1276. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org
#{{note|Pew}} Lenhart, A., Ling, R., Campbell, S., &amp; Purcell, K. (2010). Teens and mobile phones. Pew Internet and American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org
#{{note|Pitt}} ''The Case for Precaution in the Use of Cell Phones: Advice from University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Based on Advice from an International Expert Panel'' [PDF Document]. (2008). http://www.upci.upmc.edu/news/pdf/The-Case-for-Precaution-in-Cell-Phone-Use.pdf
#{{note|German}} Wiedemann, P., &amp; Schütz, H. (2011). Children's health and RF EMF exposure. views from a risk assessment and risk communication perspective. ''Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift'', 161(9), 226-232. Springer Americas.
#{{note|Parenting}} International Parenting Association. Children endangered by cell phone radiation. (2011). ''Childhood Genius Internet Magazine'', Retrieved from http://www.internationalparentingassociation.org/BrainDevelopment/cellphones.html

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    <title>An Introduction to Weblogs/Utilizing Blog Creation Tools</title>
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== Using blog creation tools efficiently and effectively ==
You should be aware of the wide variety of blog creation tools available, the differences between them, and where they can be obtained. A list of some top free blogging platforms can be found at [https://bloggerspassion.com/free-blogging-sites BloggersPassion: List Of 10 Free Blogging Platforms For Creating Blogs], along with pros and cons of using each of these platforms.

Providers featured on this list include:

*'''Blogger.com''': http://www.blogger.com/
*'''WordPress''': http://wordpress.com/ and http://wordpress.org/
*'''LiveJournal''': http://www.livejournal.com/
*'''Tumblr''': http://www.tumblr.com/


== Blogger.com ==
There are two ways of creating your own weblog: on your own website, if you already have one, or by hosting your weblog with a specialised provider.

The advantage of the first solution is that you have total control over the weblog and the software used, but it is significantly more complicated, as you need to download the software and install and configure it.

The advantage of the second method is that you don't have to worry about anything: you only need to create an account with the service provider and write the content of your weblog.

For our first weblog, we'll stick with the easy way. After creating the weblog we'll take a look at how you can personalise the design.

Let’s look at how we can create a weblog. In just a few minutes we'll create a weblog in Blogger.com, a popular American service provider, owned by Google.

Start your browser and enter http://www.blogger.com in the address bar. &lt;!-- You’ll see the following screen: --&gt;  &lt;!-- Commenting out these images as they've been deleted --&gt;
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig221.png|thumb|100px|left|Blogger Home Page]] --&gt; &lt;!-- from commons, and I'll do my best to keep this page as intact and as sensible as possible --&gt; 

The home page allows you to create a new account or begin a session, so we'll start by creating a new account.
{{-}}

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig222.png|thumb|100px|left|Create a Blog]]  [[Image:fig 223.png|thumb|100px|left|Creating an account in Blogger.com]] --&gt;
Click on '''Create your blog now''' to open the '''Create an account page''': 

{{-}}
----

===ACTIVITY 2.1===
[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]

Enter the following data on this page:

* User name
* Enter a Password
* Retype Password
* Display name (for signing the articles you write)
* Email Address

Make sure that you pick a user name and a display name (these can be the same if you like) that does not allow you to be personally identified, e.g.: use something like BloggerBill rather than William McDonald.

Once you've entered this data, tick the box '''Accept the Terms of Service''' and click on '''Continue'''.

----
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 224.png|thumb|100px|right|Title and address of weblog]] --&gt;

Next, you'll see a page headed '''Name your Blog''':

You must give the blog a title and enter the URL (web address), which is made up of '''anything_you_like.blogspot.com'''. Let’s call ours '''Weblog Example One''' and use the URL http://www.weblogex1.blogspot.com. 

{{-}}
----

[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]
'''ACTIVITY 2.2'''

Enter the title and URL for your weblog. (You'll need to choose a different URL.)
{{-}}
----

A weblog consists of a number of web pages. Just like a “normal” website, we must save these pages onto an Internet server so that other users can access them.

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 225.png|100px|thumb|left|Advanced Blog Setup Page]] --&gt;
By default, Blogger will host your weblog on the Blogger server. This is a free service, but advertising will appear on each page. You can upgrade to a service which does not display advertising on payment of a small annual fee.

You can also choose to host your site at another location by clicking on Advanced Blog setup. This will open another page where you can enter the configuration details for the other server.

At the moment, we’re not going to do this, so if you've opened the Advanced Blog Setup, go back to the previous page and click '''Continue'''.

The final stage is the choice of a '''design template''' for your weblog pages. This is simply a case of selecting one from those shown. 

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 226.png|100px|thumb|right|Choosing a template]] --&gt;
You can easily change the template, or replace it with another of your own design. You can look at the various templates by clicking on the View icon. To select a template simply click on the check box next to its name. For the moment, let’s choose the right-hand one, '''Minima'''.
{{-}}
----

[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]
'''ACTIVITY 2.3'''

Take a look at the available templates and choose the one you want to use for your weblog. (You can choose a different one if you like, but remember that if you do your weblog will look different from the examples in these notes.)

Click on '''Continue''' and within a few seconds a window will appear saying:

'''Your blog has been created!'''

Now click on '''Start Posting''' to publish your first article.

----

'''Publishing your first article'''

The terms '''article''' and '''entry''' are used interchangeably to refer to the posts to a weblog.

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 227.png|100px|thumb|right|The administration page]] --&gt;
We’ve already created our weblog and we’re now at the administration page, the control panel of the weblog. Notice that there are a number of distinct tabs.

We are currently on the '''Posting''' tab and the '''Create''' button is active. Within this tab you'll see a large field entitled '''Post''', and just above it, a field entitled '''Title'''.
{{-}}

----
[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]
'''ACTIVITY 2.4'''

Write “My First Entry” in the Title field and “Hello World” in the Post field. Now click Preview, at the top right of the Post field. Within a few seconds Blogger will show you the article as it will appear in the weblog.

----

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 228.png|100px|thumb|right|The Preview screen]] --&gt;

Check the text. If there are any errors, you can correct them by clicking on Hide Preview. If the text is correct, click on the '''Publish Post''' button and Blogger will publish the weblog. Alter a few seconds Blogger will confirm that the article has been published successfully:
{{-}}
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 229.png|100px|thumb|left|Confirmation screen]] [[Image:fig 2210.png|100px|thumb|right|The weblog in operation]] --&gt;

Click on '''View Blog (in a new window)''' to see the result: 

{{-}}
We’ve finished creating our first weblog and publishing our first article in only a few minutes. If you want, you can give the address of your weblog to your friends, so that they can visit it, but maybe you should wait until you've made a few improvements. Let’s look first at changing the template.

To change the template of your weblog, click first on the '''Template tab''', then click on '''Pick New'''. This will open a template selection page similar to the one we saw when we created the weblog.

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2211.png|100px|thumb|left|Template selection page]] --&gt;

Pick a template from the list and click '''View''' to obtain a preview. If you're happy, click '''Use This Template''' to select it. Now click '''Republish''' to modify the pages you've already published.

{{-}}
'''Opening and closing a session'''


That's us finished for the moment, so click '''Sign Out''' at the top right of the administration panel to disconnect and return to the Blogger.com home page. You should always exit from the administration panel in this way, especially if you are share a computer with other users. If you don't sign out, any other user can make changes to your weblog, without knowing your password.

The next time you connect, you'll need to enter the user name and password that you chose when you signed up for your account. Whatever you do, don't forget these!


&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2213.png|100px|thumb|left|Signing in]] --&gt;


Enter your user name and password in the fields at the top right hand of the page and click on Sign in:

===The Blogger user interface===

As we’ve already seen, it's relatively simple to create a weblog using Blogger. Were going to look now at what further options are available for configuring our site. We'll start by taking a closer look at text entry.

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2214.png|100px|thumb|right|Text formatting icons]] --&gt;


Click on the name of your weblog. If you look at the of the Post field, you'll see a pair of drop-down lists, followed by a number of small icons.

If you click on the downward-pointing arrow at the right of the font drop-down list, you'll see a list of available fonts.
 
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2215.png|100px|thumb|left|Available fonts]] [[Image:fig 2216.png|100px|thumb|right|Available text sizes]] --&gt;

Highlight a piece of text and click on the appropriate item to change it to the selected font.

Similarly, if you click on the downward-pointing arrow at the right of the text size drop-down list, you'll see a list of available sizes.
Highlight a piece of text and click on the appropriate item to change it to the selected size.

You can also apply effects to text by using the '''b''' (bold) or ''i'' (italic) icons. Simply highlight a piece of text with the mouse and click the desired icon. 

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2217.png|100px|thumb|left|Examples of text formatting]] --&gt;

Here's an example of some text with the various types of formatting applied.

There are several other icons which can be used to apply formatting to text:

{{-}}
{| style=&quot;width:40%; height:100px&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| [[Image:icon1.png|50px]]
| This icon is used to apply colours to text.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot; 
| [[Image:1964 vector.svg|50px]]
| This icon is used to insert links to other websites. We'll look at this in more detail in a moment.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
|
| This icon is known as the blockquote function and is used to indent a highlighted section of text, perhaps to indicate that it's a quotation.
|}

The next group of icons are used to align or justify text:

{| style=&quot;width:40%; height:100px&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| [[Image:icon4.png|50px]]
| This icon is used to left-align text, i.e.: place it hard against the left-hand side of the page.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot; 
| [[Image:icon5.png|50px]]
| This icon is used to centre text, i.e.: place it in the middle of the page.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| [[Image:icon6.png|50px]]
| This icon is used to right-align text, i.e.: place it hard against the right-hand side of the page.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| [[Image:icon7.png|50px]]
| This icon is used to fully justify text, i.e.: place it hard against both sides of the page.
|}


We mentioned earlier that the globe icon could be used to create links to websites. This is very straightforward:

# Select the text that you want the reader to click on to open the link.
# Click the globe icon.
# Enter the address of the website you want to link to in the dialogue box and click '''Accept'''.  

The necessary code is inserted immediately. You can see the result by clicking on Preview.

----

===ACTIVITY 2.5===
[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]

Experiment with these icons until you're familiar with what they do.

----
 
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2218.png|100px|thumb|left|Formatting text]] [[Image:fig 2219.png|100px|thumb|right|reviewing formatted text]] --&gt; 

Click '''Preview''' to get an idea of what the final result will look like.

Many other effects can be applied to text, but in order to use these you would need to learn HTML.

===Date and time===

Blogger also allows you to configure the appearance of the date and time.
In the lower part of the editing page you'll see the words '''More post options ... '''
If you click here, a panel appears.
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2220.png|100px|thumb|left|More post options ]] --&gt; 

The date and time of publication appears on every article published by Blogger. The '''Change Time &amp; Date''' function lets you change the details displayed. For example, you can backdate an article; this can be useful if you are wanting to include articles from an older weblog and keep the original dates.

===Comments===

Reader comments are an important feature of weblogs, but you can decide whether or not you want to allow readers to add comments to your articles. If you decide not to allow these, readers won't be able to click the link, or you can use the '''No &amp; Hide''' option to remove the comment facility completely.

===Drafts===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2221.png|100px|thumb|right|Edit Posts ]] --&gt;

In the bottom part of the editing window, next to the '''Publish Post''' button, you'll see another button labelled '''Save as Draft'''. If you don't want to publish your article immediately you can click on this button and the article will be saved in a list of articles which you can access from the '''Posting | Edit Posts''' tab.
 
The articles are shown in date order, with the most recent at the top of the list. Notice that the article you've just saved has the word “Draft” against it. You can click the Edit button to change it prior to publishing it.

===Weblog configuration===

We’ve already seen some options for configuring your weblog.  We'll take a systematic look now at a number of others. You can access a number of configuration panels from the Settings tab:

====The Basic panel (top half)====
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2222a.png|100px|thumb|left|The Basic panel (Top Half) ]] --&gt;
 
In this panel you can specify the '''Title''' and '''Description''' of your weblog. The third option '''Add your Blog to our listings?''' lets you specify whether or not your weblog will be public. Public weblogs appear in Blogger.com’s listing of weblogs. The final option, '''Show quick editing on your Blog''' lets you edit posts from your Blog with a single click.

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2222b.png|100px|thumb|left|The Basic panel (Bottom Half) ]] --&gt;

The bottom half of the Basic panel asks if you want to '''Show Email Post links?'''.
This allows visitors to your weblog to mail copies of posts to their friends with minimum effort. The next option, '''Show Compose Mode for all your blogs'''? is a Global Option which applies to all your weblogs. It allows you to add an additional wysiwyg (what you see is what you get) editor which lets you edit posts in a form closer to how they'll finally appear. The '''Save Settings''' button allows you to save any changes you have made on this panel, while the Delete This Blog button removes the weblog completely.

----

===ACTIVITY 2.6===
[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]

Experiment with settings in this panel until you're confident that you know what they all do. (We don't recommend experimenting with the Delete button unless you really want to get rid of your weblog!) 

----

===The Publishing panel===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2223.png|100px|thumb|right|The Publishing panel ]] --&gt;

Here you can define which server will host your weblog and specify whether you want to notify updates to '''Weblogs.com'''. In this case, the weblog is hosted by '''Blogspot.com''', but you can change it to be hosted on your own ISP (Internet Service Provider) if you have webspace there. 


If you choose '''Yes''' in the '''Notify Weblogs.com''' option, each new change to your weblog will be notified to '''Weblogs.com''', a weblog update notification service. Again, the '''Save Settings''' button lets you save any changes you have made on this panel.

----

===ACTIVITY 2.7===
&lt;!-- [[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]] --&gt;

Use the Notify Weblogs.com setting in this panel to tell weblogs.com about your blog.

----

'''The Formatting panel''' &lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2224.png|100px|thumb|right|The Formatting Panel]] --&gt;

The options in this panel allow various aspects of the weblog to be controlled:

{{-}}
{| style=&quot;width:50%; height:100px&quot; border=&quot;1&quot;
|- style=&quot;;height:50px&quot;;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Option'''
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Meaning'''
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot; 
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Show'''
| Specifies how many days or posts will be shown on the home page of the weblog.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Date Header Format'''
| The format of the date shown for every entry.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Archive Index Date Format'''
| Format of the date for archived articles.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Timestamp Format'''
| The format of the time, i.e.: am/pm or 24 hours.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Time Zone'''
| By default this shows the Los Angeles time zone. Choose your own time zone from the pull-down list.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Date Language'''
| Selects the language in which the date will be displayed if you've chosen to display the names of the days and months.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Encoding'''
| Lets you chose the encoding to be used for the web page, similar to '''View|Encoding''' in Internet Explorer. Only useful if you are writing in a non-European language
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Convert Line Breaks'''
| If you're publishing HTML code which contains line breaks, choose No, otherwise don't change this option. Click Yes to convert carriage returns (the '''Enter''' key) in HTML pages to a new paragraph &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Show Title Field'''
| Allows a title to be shown for each article. If you choose Yes you must add the code for this option to the template.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Show Link Field'''
| Allows an address field to be included in each entry. If you choose '''Yes''' you must add the code for this option to the template.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Enable Float Alignment'''
| Allows you to add HTML tags to control the positioning of text and images.
|- style=&quot;height:50px&quot;
| bgcolor=#efefef|'''Post Template'''
| If you want load the same text or HTML code to each article that you publish, you can write it here and it will be added automatically.
|}

----

===ACTIVITY 2.8===
[[Image:A Cap Digital.svg|50px]]

Experiment with settings in this panel until you're confident that you know what they all do. (We don't recommend experimenting with the settings the involve HTML code unless you are familiar with HTML.) 

----


'''The Comments panel'''
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2225.png|100px|thumb|left|The Comments panel ]] --&gt;

This panel allows you to configure the way that reader comments operate. You can chose to '''Show''' or '''Hide Backlinks'''. You can also chose to '''Show''' or '''Hide''' comments. You can also choose who has the right to comment. This can be '''Anyone''', or it can be restricted to subscribers to '''Blogger.com''', or to members of the weblog (see the '''Members''' panel below).

The '''Default for posts''' field is used to specify whether new posts should allow comments ('''New posts have comments''') or not ('''New posts do not have comments''').

'''Comment Timestamp format''' allows you to choose the format of the timestamp, i.e.: am/pm or 24 hours.

'''Show comments in a popup window?'''

This allows comments to be shown in a new window, rather than the main blog window.

'''Show word verification for comments?'''

If you choose &quot;yes&quot; for this setting, then people leaving comments on your blog will be required to complete a word verification step, similar to the one presented when you create a blog. This prevents automated systems from adding comments to your blog, since it takes a human being to read the word and pass this step.

A test of this nature is often referred to as a '''captcha''' ('''C'''ompletely '''A'''utomated '''P'''ublic '''Turing''' test to tell '''C'''omputers and '''H'''umans '''A'''part). If you want more information about this, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captcha   

'''Enable comment moderation?'''

This lets you read comments and decide whether or not to accept them for display.

'''Show profile images on comments?'''

You can also specify a '''Comment Notification Address''' if you want to receive an email notification every time someone posts a comment on an article.

====The Archiving panel====
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2226.png|100px|thumb|right|The Atchiving panel ]] --&gt;

Older articles (those whose age has exceeded that specified in the Show option of the Formatting panel) are stored in the Archives, a separate area of the weblog. You can specify how often articles should be archived in the Archive Frequency field. The default frequency is '''Monthly''' and the other options are '''Daily, Weekly''' and '''No Archive'''.

The frequency should depend on the amount of activity on the weblog - there's no point in archiving daily if you only update the weblog once a fortnight.

The '''Enable Post Pages?''' option allows each article to be archived as a separate web page.

===The Site Feed panel===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2227.png|100px|thumb|left|The Site Feed panel ]] --&gt;


This panel allows you to specify whether or not your blog can be syndicated, allowing readers to access it by means of a newsfeed aggregator. This topic is discussed at length later in the course. You can specify whether or not you want to publish a site feed and whether full content should be syndicated, or simply a short extract. You can also specify a '''Site Feed URL'''. We'll discuss site feeds in greater detail in Section 3 of these notes.

===The Email panel=== 
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2228.png|100px|thumb|right|The Email panel ]] --&gt;

If you want to let your friends know when you add an article to your weblog, you can enter their email addresses in the '''BlogSend Address''' field and they'll receive an e-mail every time you add an article.

===The Members panel===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2229.png|100px|thumb|left|The Members panel ]] --&gt;

You can use this panel to invite your friends or colleagues to participate in your weblog by clicking on '''Add Team Member'''. To invite new members, simply enter their email addresses and, if you wish, a welcome message.  The names of members will only appear on the site once they've accepted your invitation. You'll be notified by email when this happens.

Note that only the administrator can modify the configuration of a weblog. The other members can only add articles. There is no limit to the number of members in a team.


===Managing articles===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2230.png|100px|thumb|right|Editing posts ]] --&gt;


You can amend articles, or delete them from your weblog by clicking on the Posting tab and selecting '''Edit Posts''':

This displays a list of articles, you can choose to edit an article by clicking on '''Edit''', or to delete it by clicking on '''Delete'''.  If you choose to delete an article, you'll be asked to confirm this before it is deleted. The same screen allows you to choose the number and type of articles to be displayed, or to show only articles which contain a specific search term.

 
===Creating links===

Let’s look a bit more at the creation of links by producing a couple of fictitious blogs. The first one belongs to Jane and can be found at:

&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2231.png|100px|thumb|left|Jane’s Blog ]] --&gt;
http://janesfirstblog.blogspot.com 
 
The second blog belongs to Andy and can be found at:

http://andyslastblog.blogspot.com/

{{-}}
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2233.png|100px|thumb|right|Recently Updated Blogs ]] --&gt;
Shortly after creating his weblog, Andy notices that Jane's weblog has been mentioned in the '''Recently updated''' section of the Blogger Dashboard page.

Andy clicks on the link to Jane’s blog and he likes what he sees there, so he decides to put in a link in his own blog by highlighting the name of the weblog and clicking on the link icon. 

===Editing the link section===
&lt;!-- [[Image:fig 2234.png|100px|thumb|left|Inserting a Link ]] --&gt;

Many of the default templates provided by Blogger (including those chosen by Andy and Jane) have a link section in them already. You can edit this by using a little HTML. Log in to your blog and click on the Template tab. This will display the HTML code for the template. Scroll through the code until you see something like this in the sidebar section:

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;sidebar-title&quot;&gt;Links&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://news.google.com/&quot;&gt;Google News&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://EDITME&quot;&gt;Edit-Me&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://EDITME&quot;&gt;Edit-Me&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt; 
&lt;/pre&gt;

As you can see, there are a few links in there already. You can edit or delete these and add as many more as you like. If you are using a template which doesn't have a links section, you can copy the code above and paste it into your template. The best place to put it is in the sidebar, next to the archives or previous posts list.

You can add a link simply by pasting its URL in place of &lt;code&gt;&quot;http://EDITME&quot;&lt;/code&gt; in the above example, or by replacing one of the default links included in your template. Then change the '''&quot;Edit-Me&quot;''' text to say whatever you want to appear, save your changes and republish your weblog.

The HTML for a basic link looks like this: 

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://URL&quot;&gt;TEXT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

Anyone looking at your weblog will see the word or words you have as the '''TEXT'''. This will be highlighted, and if it is clicked on, the browser window will go to the address specified by the URL.

You can also create a link that your readers can use to email you. Simply replace &lt;code&gt;http://&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;mailto:&lt;/code&gt; and insert your email address in place of the URL, e.g.:

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:myaddress@example.com&quot;&gt;Email me!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;

If you want to link to another webpage and have it open in a new browser window, just add &lt;code&gt;target=&quot;_blank&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to the tag. This tells the browser to open a new blank window for the link. The link would look like this: 

&lt;pre&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://URL&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;TEXT&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cz9wbgoztbjj6u1x55cyclu08783g9i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Social Web/Teaching</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>266659</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448782</id>
      <parentid>3956640</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:26:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>more important then &gt; more important than</comment>
      <origin>4448782</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="32126" sha1="i5xkztj3uuijn2cacp6l10q1nrsnx02" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
= Teaching and Learning =
As we have seen already in the first class, the revolution that is currently under way is not only restricted to the net, but is also entering the class room.  Let's see how teaching and learning are affected by the social web and its technologies.

==Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences==
Each person is different, even in the way how to learn things best.
The educational psychologists have discovered this already in the 70s and developed a concept with different learning styles.&lt;ref name=&quot;r18&quot;&gt;Learning Styles, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_styles&lt;/ref&gt; In total there are over 80 learning styles which are all a bit different.

Well-known models are:

===Neil Fleming's VAK/VARK model===

Fleming distinguished four basic types of learners:

* Visual learners (learning by seeing)
* Auditory learners (learning by hearing)
* Reading- or writing-preference learners (learning by processing text)
* Kinesthetic learners (learning by doing, by motion)

===David Kolb's model===

* '''Convergers''' are characterized by abstract conceptualization and active experimentation. They are good at making practical applications of ideas and using deductive reasoning to solve problems.

* '''Divergers''' tend toward concrete experience and reflective observation. They are imaginative and are good at coming up with ideas and seeing things from different perspectives.

* '''Assimilators''' are characterized by abstract conceptualization and reflective observation. They are capable of creating theoretical models by means of inductive reasoning.

* '''Accommodators''' use concrete experience and active experimentation. They are good at actively engaging with the world and actually doing things instead of merely reading about and studying them.

===Honey and Mumford's model===

* Activists: Having an experience
* Reflectors: Reviewing the experience
* Theorists: Concluding from the experience
* Pragmatists: Planning the next steps

===Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences===

Gardner's theory &lt;ref name=&quot;r19&quot;&gt;Theory of multiple intelligences, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frames_Of_Mind:_The_Theory_of_Multiple_Intelligences&lt;/ref&gt; has evolved out of the conviction that traditional intelligence tests are not sufficient to identify and promote skills. 

Initially he distinguishes between seven intelligences:

* '''Logical-mathematical''': People who are able to recognize abstract patterns, to think scientifically and have the ability to perform complex calculations. 

* '''Spatial''': People possessing a spatial judgment and be able to visualize with the mind's eye.

* '''Linguistic''': People who are usually good at reading, writing, telling and memorizing. Those people learn foreign languages very easily as they have high verbal memory and recall, and an ability to understand and manipulate syntax and structure.

* '''Bodily-kinesthetic''': The core elements of the bodily-kinesthetic intelligence are in control of one's physical movements and the ability to handle objects skillfully.

* '''Musical''': People who have a sensitivity to sounds, rhythms and music.

* '''Interpersonal''': Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand others. In other words, the people who have a high degree of interpersonal intelligence and a sensitivity to foreign moods, feelings, motivations and an ability to distinguish cooperation.

* '''Intrapersonal''': People who are able to reflect about themselves and identify their strengths and weaknesses. Philosophical and critical thinking is common with this intelligence.

===How to reach different types of learners?===

When you see how many different types of learners there are, it quickly becomes clear that the traditional teaching methods can only reach a fraction of the students. At this point the Web 2.0 offers many more possibilities. Students have the opportunity to actively shape content and get involved.
A short summary which tool for which learning type suits best can be found under.&lt;ref name=&quot;r17&quot;&gt;Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies, http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Web_2.0_and_Emerging_Learning_Technologies/Web_2.0_Learning_Styles&lt;/ref&gt;

== Khan Academy ==
The way teaching is done in schools and universities is all wrong. ;-)  When a teacher gives a class or lecture he or she is actually doing a broadcast.  The students are supposed to be quiet and listen.  However, this is not using any of the group dynamics, group learning that could be leveraged here.  On the opposite side, homework and assignments are done at home, when the students are alone and have no help available when they might need it.  Thus it should be exactly the opposite way round, do the homework in class, and watch the lectures at home.  This is what Mr. Khan &lt;ref name=&quot;r1&quot;&gt;Kahn Academy, http://www.khanacademy.org/&lt;/ref&gt; is telling us, and it seems Bill Gates agrees with him.

=== Activity ===
Watch the following video on TED: ’Salman Khan: Let’s use video to reinvent education’ (www.ted.com/talks/salman_khan_let_s_use_video_to_reinvent_education.html).

Please discuss the video, and write about what you think of it in your blog.
 
== Open Source Learning ==

=== Connexions ===

Connexions is a dynamic digital educational ecosystem consisting of an educational content repository and a content management system optimized for the delivery of educational content.&lt;ref name=&quot;r10&quot;&gt;Connexions Website, http://www.cnx.org/&lt;/ref&gt;

The content is structured as a standalone modules, so that others can easily use the tools provided by the platform to combine them into collections and context, specific to a certain class. These custom collections are specially designed to meet the needs of their students.

This is the advantage of Connexions to another creative-commons platform - &quot;frictionless remixing&quot;.
Another great thing about this side it, that it can be used as pdf, as online library, books can be orders in a printed form and by cutting the middle man - publishing, they cost less.

Everything is published under the creative commons licence. 
A global community of authors continuously converts and adapts information in the Connexions repository. Connexions promotes communication between content creators and provides various means of collaboration through author feedback and shared Work Areas. Collaboration helps knowledge grow more quickly, advancing the possibilities for new ideas from which we all benefit.&lt;ref name=&quot;r9&quot;&gt;Richard Baraniuk on Open Source Learning, http://www.ted.com/talks/richard_baraniuk_on_open_source_learning.html&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Udacity ===

Udacity&lt;ref name=&quot;r15&quot;&gt;Udacity Official Website, http://www.udacity.com/&lt;/ref&gt; is a private online academy which makes it possible to attend free lectures and tests. So far, all the course topics are in computer science and programming. The good thing is that the lectures are not just filmed, but the students are always asked questions about the recently explained, to which they can then enter the solution directly on the screen. Depending on whether the answer was right or wrong, the video goes further then. If there is a wrong answer for example, then it is explained how you get to the correct solution.

In addition, there is a discussion forum where you can ask questions about courses, or get advice from other students.

The courses are spread over 7 weeks and end with a final exam that extends over the thematic content of the whole course. In Germany students can pass the exams at a real university in some cases and get a very regular confirmation.

The founders of Udacity, Sebastian Thrun, and David Evans wanted to democratize higher 
education with their online portal and provide education for all, regardless of race, wealth, age and gender.

Udacity now is financed through sponsorship and working with people from academia and countless volunteers.&lt;ref name=&quot;r16&quot;&gt;Interview in german with the founder of Udacity, http://www.zeit.de/studium/uni-leben/2012-01/udacity-thrun&lt;/ref&gt;

== Podcasts ==
Not only Feynman's lectures are now available online, but many, many more.   As it turns out iTunes, YouTube and others has an incredible number of free high quality lectures available.

On iTunes you find podcasts for children, but also lectures from universities:
* Wissen macht Ah!, itunes.apple.com/de/podcast/wissen-macht-ah!-zum-mitnehmen/id211720164
* Grundlagen digitaler Medien, K-U. Barthel, itunes.apple.com/de/podcast/grundlagen-digitaler-medien/id252560499#

Stanford, MIT and others have channels on YoutTube with their course offerings:
* Stanford, http://www.youtube.com/user/StanfordUniversity/featured
* MIT, http://www.youtube.com/user/MIT

There are search engines specialized to listing / finding open course ware:
* Academic Earth: Online courses from the world's top scholars, http://academicearth.org/
* Coursera, https://www.coursera.org/saas/auth/welcome
* OCWSearch, http://www.ocwsearch.com/

But not only courses are offered, but also research seminars, as for instance
* Human-Computer Interaction Seminar (2009–2010), http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=F4A01617834A0FB6

Finally, as we have seen already, also conferences become available to the public, as for instance is TED:
* TED, http://www.ted.com/

Another new thing is Udacity, coming out of Stanford.  They believe university-level education can be both high quality and low cost. Using the economics of the Internet, they have connected some of the greatest teachers to hundreds of thousands of students all over the world:
* Udacity, http://www.udacity.com/ (also at http://www.golem.de/1201/89251.html)
 
== Moodle ==
Many schools have Moodle &lt;ref name=&quot;r8&quot;&gt;Moodle, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moodle&lt;/ref&gt; as a Course Management System.  Its typical features are [9]
* Assignment submission
* Discussion forum
* Files download
* Grading
* Moodle instant messages
* Online calendar
* Online news and announcement (College and course level)
* Online quiz
* Wiki

== Web Conferences with Adobe Connect ==
Adobe Connect &lt;ref name=&quot;r2&quot;&gt;Adobe Connect, www.adobe.com/products/adobeconnect.html&lt;/ref&gt; is a web conferencing tool that uses Flash and runs in a browser.  It is relatively straightforward to use and has an excellent audio and video quality, especially in conferencing mode.  Alternatives are Skype, but conferences have a very poor quality last time I tried.

=== Activity for Participants ===
Watch the video ’Attending a meeting’ (tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/attending-a-meeting/) to get an idea on how to use Adobe Connect as a participant.  Help can be found here https://www.vc.dfn.de/webkonferenzen.html.

=== Activity for Presenters ===
* Overview of all tutorials: http://tv.adobe.com/show/learn-adobe-connect-8/
* Creating a meeting: tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/creating-a-meeting/
* Recording a meeting: tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/recording-a-meeting/
* Sharing screens and applications tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/sharing-screens-and-applications/
* Sharing PowerPoint presentations: tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/sharing-powerpoint-presentations/
* Using VoIP audio: tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/using-voip-audio/
* Sharing Flash content: tv.adobe.com/watch/learn-adobe-connect-8/sharing-flash-content/

For public universities in Germany, the DFN (Deutsche Forschungsnetz) (https://webconf.vc.dfn.de) provides accounts to be used for online classes.

== Gamification of Teaching ==
Today, students are expected to pay attention and learn in an environment that is completely foreign to them. In their personal time they are active participants with the information they consume; whether it be video games or working on their Facebook profile, students spend their free time contributing to, and feeling engaged by, a larger system. Yet in the classroom setting, the majority of teachers will still expect students to sit there and listen attentively, occasionally answering a question after quietly raising their hand.&lt;ref name=&quot;r11&quot;&gt;The gamified classroom, http://gamification.co/2011/09/28/the-gamified-classroom/&lt;/ref&gt;

Gamification, if handled properly, could be what is needed to make the classrooms more supportive of creativity while still teaching traditional academics.

=== What is gamification? ===
Gamification is the concept of applying game-design thinking to non-game applications to make them more fun and engaging.&lt;ref name=&quot;r12&quot;&gt;What is Gamification, http://gamification.org/wiki/Gamification_Wiki:About&lt;/ref&gt;
There are two ways games can be included in training regardless of whether they are instructor led or computer based
* Gamifing the course(s) or parts thereof
* Creating a game for the course(s) or parts thereof

Depending on how much game like features are required, one or more of the following can be done.&lt;ref name=&quot;r13&quot;&gt;Gamification Wiki, http://gamification.org/education/&lt;/ref&gt;
* Add points to tasks that need to be completed
* Define badges/rewards to be given out after a criteria is met
* Create a Leader board to show top performers
* Define levels to repeat tasks or to perform harder tasks
* Earning of badges can be tied to unlocking higher levels

Instead of only getting grades students get experience or points. At a later time they can use this points to &quot;buy items&quot; - for example &quot;one free pass at a wrong question&quot;. Applying the multiplayer principle from games - a group of people work for a common goal, students are not competing against each other, but helping - because if one person gets the &quot;high score&quot; on the exam, they all get a &quot;goodie&quot;...

Mr. Pai &lt;ref name=&quot;r13&quot;&gt;Mr. Pai's class on youtube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSJ5LwAXxLk&lt;/ref&gt; is an elementary school teacher. For his 3rd graders in math and reading he has created a website, where he posts links to easy and fun games, related to his class. The games are online games, that the kids play against kids from other countries. He is tracing the progress of every student and grouping them to help each other learn faster. This way kids learn multiplying, fractures and other math problems using fun games with names like - Flower Power. In only four months Mr. Pai's class went from being bellow 3rd grade average to above 4rd grade average.

== Coursera ==

Three IVY League colleges - University of Pennsylvania, Stanford, Princeton and the University of Michigan gather in the online platform Coursera and offer courses from world-class professors, that are free and open to use from everyone. 

This site isn't like your average library of videos about interesting topics, it is actually a course, you can sign in to do, with professors from top universities. The course videos are not long lectures, that have been recorded, but are short video segments, which are easy to process, without losing concentration.

When you join a Coursera class, you'll also join a global community of thousands of students learning alongside you. At any time, you'll be able to ask questions, make suggestions, and get feedback on course topics from both peers and experts in the field. This community using the site organizes study-groups, discussion boards etc., and it is really easy to ask any class related question any time of the day.

And since this is an online class, they may even be the possibility of getting credits at your university for those courses - &quot;Some students who are currently enrolled at other universities have been able to get credit for taking these courses at their own university (sometimes as individual research units). If you are a currently enrolled student, you might want to check with your university to see if this is an option.&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;r14&quot;&gt;Corsera Online, https://www.coursera.org/&lt;/ref&gt;


=== E-learning ===

E-learning is the big buzz word used in the context of teaching and learning in the Web 2.0 era.  It has received a lot of hype, but if you look at it critically, it has failed the expectations, mostly.  Because it fails to focus on the social aspects of learning. 

Most of us are social beings, with the exception of a few hermits. That means everything we do, we like to do in groups.  And at least since the days of Plato &lt;ref name=&quot;r4&quot;&gt;Platonic Academy, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_Academy&lt;/ref&gt; teaching and learning was a social activity, where teachers and students meet at a given time in a given place to learn about a certain subject.

However, E-learning does have its little niche. It does solve the problem of two scarce resources:
* good teachers
* time

The Nobel laureate Richard Feynman was said to be one of the best teachers.  Unfortunately, only very few students at Caltech had the luck of attending his lectures live.  Fortunately for us, they have been recorded and made available,&lt;ref name=&quot;r5&quot;&gt;Richard Feynman Lectures, http://research.microsoft.com/apps/tools/tuva/&lt;/ref&gt; hence now everybody can listen to the best physics teacher.

In today's information society is to convey knowledge of paramount importance. 
E-learning acquired in addition to traditional teaching and learning opportunities a growing influence. This applies not only to the university context. In economic terms, the e-learning market in Germany point to strong gains. For example, increased the total revenue from e-learning industry, according to survey by the MMB Institute for Media and Competence Research in 2007 to around 139 million euros, representing an increase of about 15 percent compared to last year. Overall, e-learning is on everyone's lips. But what means e-learning at all?

===Definition of e-learning===

The literature contains different definitions of this term. The following should be understood as e-learning teaching and learning through various electronic media.    
For e-learning are found to be synonymous terms include: on-line learning (online learning), distance learning, multimedia learning, computer-aided learning, computer-based training, Open and Distance Learning.
Since the definition of e-learning has not yet been covered a widely accepted definition, they tried e-learning to be described by different facets. Multimedia, Multicodalität, multimodality and interactivity.

===E-learning and related technology===

E-learning can be based on very different technologies and are implemented in different educational scenarios. Are often discussed the following options:

==Web-based training and computer applications==
The term CBT (Computer Based Training) is the work of learning programs (educational software), the learner can be used flexibly in time and space, and where learners are not in direct contact with the teachers and other learners. These programs can include educational multimedia content (e.g. animations or video documents) and are usually distributed on CD-ROM or DVD. In CBTis a form of e-learning, where the self-study is more important than communication, if any, takes place in an asynchronous manner. CBT has been around since the 80s. For older computer-assisted learning systems, there are also a variety of other names. For example,. are the CAT (English: Computer Aided Teaching), CAI (Computer Aided Instruction and Computer Assisted Instruction) and many more. The basic building block of network-based learning opportunities is the so-called WBT (Web Based Training) - a development of the CBT. These learning units are not distributed on a disk, but accessed by a web server online via the Internet or an intranet. The embedding into the network provides a variety of advanced methods of communication and interaction of the learner with the teacher / tutor and other learners. Thus, mail, news, chats and discussion forums associated with the WBT and audio and video signals are streamed live. A further development of the WBT towards a more communicative use the learning platform. It supports different types of communication, such as Chat and forums, so as to encourage the users of the learning platform for direct exchange and application of the learned (e.g., Babbel (software)).

==Simulations==

Simulations are models, which depict important features of the real world trying to get students through free or targeted experimentation or observation of knowledge on structural or functional properties of the original convey. Complicated issues and processes of reality can thus be simplified and reduced to the essentials are presented, especially when real experiments are too expensive or too dangerous.

==Video conference / distance education==
The videoconferencing creates virtual classrooms by geographically distributed students and lecturers can communicate with each other. To be known as distance education version of the e-learning is mainly characterized by the transmission of image and sound. It allows for the classroom teaching similar communication between teachers and learners who can rely on verbal statements as well as to gestures and facial expressions. The distance education is limited by the relatively high technical requirements. With increasing bandwidth of Internet connections new technology eVideo formats develop.

==Learning Management Systems==
As a learning platform (English Learning Management System, LMS) systems are known that can support the on-line and / or classroom courses to complete (or parts of) the work flow of the event management of accounting processes, teaching and learning processes to the resources administration.

==Learning Content Management Systems==

The purpose of an LCMS (Learning Content Management System) is to create, reuse, locate, finishing and delivery of learning content. The content is often kept in a central repository in the form of 'reusable' learning objects (RLOs). Objects can be referenced by several different courses, so that in case of a one-time adjustment only change needed to bring all incarnations up to date. The LCMS has (as opposed to authoring tools) via a user management that allows different people and groups to assign certain rights so that, for example, for subject-matter experts, media designers, project administrators have different access functions defined / can be realized.
A multi-user functionality allows you to manage concurrent access, so that it can not happen that two users can simultaneously carry (contradictory) changes to the same object. Furthermore, LCMS have usually have a version control that allows to track changes made.
One of the most important tasks of an LCMS is to support reusable learning objects (RLOs). The goal is to prevent unwanted redundancies and conflicting information widely.

==Content catalogs==

Content catalogs support the exchange of learning objects - from complete courses to raw materials. Provider can specify range conditions. Requests are documented and, if charged. These catalogs are often very specific to a particular grade (in this case higher education) are aligned. 

==Digital Learning Games==

The concept of educational video game refers to games that are in a hard-and software-based virtual environment and place the desirable to encourage learning. Digital learning games are typically used in education and training system. They are indeed, as entertainment-oriented computer game &quot;fun&quot; too, is their primary goal, however, the acquisition of knowledge and skills.


===Forms of e-learning===

==Virtual Education==

Virtual teaching called teaching that is conducted primarily through the Internet and does not include significant amounts of classroom teaching. The spectrum of presentation forms of virtual teaching include webinars, web-supported textbook courses, hypertext courses (e.g. text books, multimedia, animations and exercises), video-based courses (e.g. lectures, including slides) or audio-based courses and podcasts. Since virtual teaching as opposed to classroom teaching and &quot;blended learning&quot; is little opportunity for direct interaction, teachers and students often use to communicate electronic media such as chat rooms, discussion boards, voice mail or e-mail or special platforms. Virtual Education plays a growing role in the context of the introduction of further fine-line master's degree programs at many universities.

==Blended Learning==

If the benefits of classroom events are linked with those of e-learning, it is called blended Clearing. Blended learning combines both forms of learning in an54 common curriculum. Blended learning is used, in particular, if in addition to pure knowledge and the practical implementation is to be trained (e.g. in health and safety).

==Content sharing==

There are now websites that allow you to exchange learning units. Such initiatives exist as a commercial or free offers. An example of a commercial initiative is UNIDOG.DE - here are monetary incentives for the preparation of teaching content set. This should increase the quality of the published notes, flashcards or summaries. As a typical example of a non-commercial forum for example can the Student Council Forum for Business Engineering at the University of Duisburg-Essen used (Wiing-DU). Even with such local initiatives, often shows a high demand, as documented by traffic-Wiing show you as an example.

==Learning Communities==

Groups have the same goals and / or professional interests, to build an information and communication system is a common knowledge base. Each member of this learning community can contribute their own knowledge and thus the knowledge basis of common learning processes and adapted.

==Computer-Supported Cooperative Learning==

Computer-Supported Cooperative Learning (CSCL) describes approaches to learning, which is supported collaborative learning through the use of computer-based information and communication systems.

==Web-Based Collaboration==

The term Web Based Collaboration describes the cooperation of a learning task of a group of people over the Internet.

==Virtual Classroom==
The Virtual Classroom is used the Internet as a communication medium to connect geographically separated students and teachers together. The virtual classroom allows thus a synchronous form of learning. An extreme form of the distance learning is Tele-Teaching.

==Whiteboard==
A whiteboard is like a blackboard or a flip chart. Users have the ability to create a network to share and view sketches. These are both Zeichen-/Mal- and text tools at your disposal.

==Business TV==

Business TV is a precisely tailored to the television audience. Business TV is a very effective way to stimulate a group (employees, suppliers and customers) to learn.

==Microlearning==
When it comes to micro-learning learning in many small learning units and short steps, often through web or mobile phone.

==Modular process visualization content within the e-Learning==

This is a visual representation of teaching units with the aim of a cognitive process - which can lead to new knowledge - prepare step by step in film, image, text and sound.

==3-D infrastructure platforms==

Increasingly, 3D infrastructure platforms such as Second Life and Twinity gain in importance for e-learning applications. Due to the nature of these virtual worlds experience a very high degree of immersion is achieved. This is intended to a correspondingly higher learning efficiency, because games are growing together and learning. Through simulated worlds of experience you can now immerse themselves in these situations and experience. A high level of immersion (virtual reality) is achieved, inter alia, if the user enters a strong identification with their avatar and the user feels as part of the world. Thus, the term is extended by the concept of Action Learning e-Learning action. Another significant advantage of the networking team in virtual worlds is to see where teams need to interact seamlessly, for example, in actions by the police, fire and rescue services, etc. The parties may now log in from anywhere in the world and regularly in scenarios a virtual world through play. In particular orientation training can be conducted in more frequent and regular intervals, which can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of such operations. The foreign language learning, according to an employee of Linden Lab, the most common form of education in Second Life.


===Advantages and disadvantages of e-learning===

Some advantages of e-learning are so obvious: The overcoming of geographical boundaries and time-and location-independent learning is enabled. Thus, the e-learning ensures that content is delivered to date and complete. The learner can be divided his time freely and develop their own learning pace. He can access it from anywhere - whether from home or from work. It eliminates the transportation cost for tuition.

But a well-known proverb says: &quot;Where is light, there is shadow.&quot; E-learning also has to contend with disadvantages. First, it requires the learner to an even higher degree of self-discipline and personal responsibility than in the case face learning. There it is because of the class structures and the roles of student / teacher there are strong liabilities.  In addition there are for example complaints about the lack of presence effect &quot;that critical, intersubjectively-established cognitive and communication routines on non-and para-verbal signals are processed, are not available.


== Critical Look ==
At this stage let us take a critical look at our own class.  Are the tools really helping us to learn?  Are we not just wasting time?  Is it because we have this beautiful golden hammer, that everything we see looks like a nail to us?

=== Activity ===
Start a class discussion.  List all the tools you have been using and tell us what you think helped you and what is just a waste of your time.  Thinking of Mr. Khan’s talk, what might be more effective.  Would you prefer a classical lecture (one-to-many) type scenario?

 
== Assignments ==
=== Ex.1: Evaluation: MeinProf.de (RateMyProfessor) ===
Please go to the website MeinProf.de and register if you have not done so.  Then look for this course and rate it.

=== Ex.2: Evaluation: GoogleDocs ===
The evaluation for this course will be done with GoogleDocs.  Follow this URL to fill out the evaluation from for this course.  Note that the questionnaire is anonymous.

=== Ex.3: Adobe Connect ===
Schedule a meeting time that is suitable to most of the class using Doodle.&lt;ref name=&quot;r3&quot;&gt;Doodle, http://doodle.com/&lt;/ref&gt;  Also from your instructor get the URL to connect to  for the web conference.  Attend the virtual class and explore the possibilities.  Talk about your experience and how you feel about virtual classes in your blog.
 
=== Ex.4: Stanford’s ’Introduction to Computer Science’ ===
Take a look at the Stanford course ’introduction to computer science | programming methodology’  (see.stanford.edu/see/courseinfo.aspx?coll=824a47e1-135f-4508-a5aa-866adcae1111).  Watch a few of the videos and be amazed how Mehran Sahami mesmerizes his students.

=== Ex.5: Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern ===
The ’Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern’ &lt;ref name=&quot;r7&quot;&gt;Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern , http://www.vhb.org/&lt;/ref&gt; is the possibility for any registered college or university student in Bavaria to take online courses and get credit for it.  If you have not done so, take a look at their website, and look for classes that might interest you.  List those courses in your blog.

=== Ex.6: Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies (optional) ===
Take a look at the wikibook ’Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies’ started by Curt Bonk.&lt;ref name=&quot;r6&quot;&gt;Web 2.0 and Emerging Learning Technologies, en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Web_2.0_and_Emerging_Learning_Technologies&lt;/ref&gt;  It discusses many aspects related to learning with the technologies.  


&lt;noinclude&gt; 

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[http://www.elearning-psychologie.de/elearning_multimedia.html E-Learning]&lt;br /&gt;
[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-Learning Wikipedia on E-Learning]

 [[../Gaming|&lt; previous]]                                                                              [[../Corporations|next &gt;]]

{{BookCat}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>i5xkztj3uuijn2cacp6l10q1nrsnx02</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fractals/Computer graphic techniques/2D/optimisation</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>266975</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448822</id>
      <parentid>4300428</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:51:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17927" sha1="smf1g0btgnl3e9zvnbwba2wjcjybdwy" xml:space="preserve">  &quot;Your current attempt runs in about O(N^2). So even if you had enough memory, it won't finish in your lifetime.&quot; Alexander Yee&lt;ref&gt;[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13313933/what-is-the-fastest-way-to-calculate-e-to-2-trillion-digits stackoverflow question: what-is-the-fastest-way-to-calculate-e-to-2-trillion-digits]&lt;/ref&gt;

    &quot;'''premature optimization is the root of all evil'''&quot; - Donald Knuth in paper &quot;Structured Programming With Go To Statements&quot;

            &quot;'''good algorithms beat optimized code'''&quot; Bruce Dawson ( Fractal extreme )

=Software optimisation=
* Profiling code 
* benchmarking &lt;ref&gt;[https://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/ The Computer Language  Benchmarks Game ]&lt;/ref&gt;
=How to ask about optimisation ?=
* &quot;If you've actually profiled the code, have specific snippets so that everyone can run the same code to see its performance, and you have this library published somewhere where it can be seen (GitHub, Bitbucket, etc.), then I don't necessarily see a problem with it going on Code Review. Including the results from your profiler of choice with identified bottlenecks would go a long way towards keeping it on-topic.
* If you're just starting the code but have profiled a small amount of code that exhibits the aberrant performance, then asking it on Stack Overflow would be acceptable. Including the results from your profiler of choice with identified bottlenecks would go a long way towards keeping it on-topic.
* If you're asking for people to just help you optimize the code, don't ask it anywhere. Getting a code dump and being asked to find the performance bottleneck is only something I do professionally, not on my free time.&quot; (Makoto)&lt;ref&gt;[http://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/286557/is-it-okay-to-ask-code-optimization-help?cb=1 Stack overflow meta : Is it okay to ask code optimization help?]&lt;/ref&gt;

See also : code review&lt;ref&gt;[http://codereview.stackexchange.com/ stack exchanfge : codereview ]&lt;/ref&gt;
==Inner loop==
* inner loop in wikipedia &lt;ref&gt;[[w:Inner loop|Inner loop in wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt;
==Optimisation of numerical computations ==

===number type===
* double is faster than float
* &quot;In my tests (with perturbation) in Fraktaler-3, x87 long double is about 4.2x slower than double on AMD 2700X CPU.  floatexp (float + int32) on AMD RX 580 GPU is about 2.3x faster than x87 long double on AMD 2700X CPU, so depending on hardware there might not be any point to x87 long double...&quot;[https://fractalforums.org/noobs-corner/76/from-java-to-cplusplus/5100/msg37304 fractalforums.org: from-java-to-cplusplus]


===Distance===
* [[Algorithms/Distance approximations|Distance approximation]]
* Koebe 1/4 theorem&lt;ref&gt;[http://mathr.co.uk/blog/2014-11-22_adaptive_supersampling_using_distance_estimate.html Adaptive super-sampling using distance estimate by Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;


===Decomposition===
* quadtree decomposition

 &quot;I did a web-based quad-tree Mandelbrot once.&lt;ref&gt;[https://mathr.co.uk/blog/2010-10-30%20distance%20estimation.html Distance estimation by Claude Heiland-Allen]&lt;/ref&gt;  I labelled the quadrants (eg a,b,c,d) the tile files were in directories (something like a.png b.png a/a.png a/b.png a/c/a/b.png), along with an sqlite database that said which tiles  were boring (all same colour), along with their period (0 for 100% exterior, 1 for 100% inside the main cardioid, 2 for 100% inside the main circle, etc).  The client was really simple, just a web page with tile paths; the server  would do a redirect to the relevant boring tile 0.png 1.png 2.png etc if any parent of the tile was boring, otherwise it'd try to serve the tile.png.  Meanwhile there was another process that just generated the tiles and populated the database.  I can't remember if I made 404 tile not found errors bump the priority of the tile for the renderer, but maybe.
 
 Eventually i abandoned the project because recalculating from scratch is typically faster and more flexible for shallow zooms, and for deep zooms the storage is prohibitive.&quot; Claude Heiland-Allen &lt;ref&gt;[https://fractalforums.org/programming/11/creating-super-resolution-fractal-images-really-fast-with-quad-trees/4916/msg35728 fractalforums.org:  creating-super-resolution-fractal-images-really-fast-with-quad-trees]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Symmetry==

===Mirror symmetry===

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Mandelbrot set#Speed improvements - optimisation|Parameter plane and the Mandelbrot set]] is symmetric with respect to the x-axis in the plane :&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Reflection symmetry|wikipedia : Reflection symmetry]]&lt;/ref&gt;

 colour(x,y) = colour(x,-y)

Here is a C code that shows how to divide symmetric image (with axis in the middle of its height) into 3 parts :
* axis of symmetry 
* 2 symmetric parts : above and below axis

 &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=c&gt;
// fill array using mirror symmetry of image 
// uses global var :  ...
int FillArray(unsigned char data[] )
{
   
 unsigned char Color; // gray from 0 to 255

// draw axis of symmetry
iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry; 
for(ix=ixMin;ix&lt;=ixMax;++ix) PlotPoint(ix, iy, GiveColor(ix, iy));

// draw symmetric parts : above and below axis 
for(iyAbove = iyAboveMin; iyAbove&lt;=iyAboveMax; ++iyAbove) 
  for(ix=ixMin; ix&lt;=ixMax; ++ix)

  { // above axis compute color and save it to the array
    iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry + iyAbove;
    Color = GiveColor(ix, iy);
    PlotPoint(ix, iy, Color ); 
    // below the axis only copy Color the same as above without computing it 
    PlotPoint(ix, iyAxisOfSymmetry - iyAbove , Color ); 
   }   
 return 0;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

See also Pascal code ( Delphi) for general case &lt;ref&gt;[http://fraktal.republika.pl/mapping.html Mirror symmetry around x axis at fraktal.republika.pl]&lt;/ref&gt;
===Rotational symmetry===

[[Fractals/Iterations in the complex plane/Julia set#Optimisation|Dynamical plane and the Julia set]] have rotational symmetry. It can be used to speed up computing :

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=c&gt;
// fill array using symmetry of image 
// uses global var :  ...
int FillArraySymmetric(unsigned char data[] )
{
   
 unsigned char Color; // gray from 0 to 255

printf(&quot;axis of symmetry \n&quot;); 
iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry;

for(ix=ixMin;ix&lt;=ixMax;++ix) PlotPoint(ix, iy, GiveColor(ix, iy));

// above and below axis 
for(iyAbove = iyAboveMin; iyAbove&lt;=iyAboveMax; ++iyAbove) 
  {printf(&quot; %d from %d\n&quot;, iyAbove, iyAboveMax); //info 
  for(ix=ixMin; ix&lt;=ixMax; ++ix)

  { // above axis compute color and save it to the array
    iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry + iyAbove;
    Color = GiveColor(ix, iy);
    PlotPoint(ix, iy, Color ); 
    // below the axis only copy Color the same as above without computing it 
    PlotPoint(ixMax-ix, iyAxisOfSymmetry - iyAbove , Color ); 
   } 
}  
 return 0;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==Complex numbers==

Computations without explicit definition of complex numbers or without complex type are usually faster.

==Parallel computing==

In Mandelbrot and Julia sets each point/pixel is calculated independently, so it can be easly divided into an smaller tasks and carried out simultaneously.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Embarrassingly parallel problem|embarrassingly parallel problem]]&lt;/ref&gt;

Types of parallel computing : Wikipedia description&lt;ref&gt;[[w:Parallel computers#Classes of parallel computers|wikipedia : Parallel_computers - Classes_of_parallel_computers]]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Multi-core (computing) 
** Parallella and OpenCl&lt;ref&gt;[http://forums.parallella.org/viewtopic.php?f=18&amp;t=42 Mandelbrot using OpenCl and Parallella]&lt;/ref&gt;
** Intel MIC&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Intel MIC|wikipedia : Intel MIC]]&lt;/ref&gt;
** MPI &lt;ref&gt;[http://omarflorez.info/index.php?id=parallel-mandelbrot-set parallel mandelbrot set (C Code with Message Passing Interface (MPI) library) by Omar U. Florez ]&lt;/ref&gt;
** OpenMP&lt;ref&gt;[http://bisqwit.iki.fi/story/howto/openmp/#ExampleCalculatingTheMandelbrotFractalInParallel Guide into OpenMP: Easy multithreading programming for C++ by Joel Yliluoma]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2011/01/04/graduate-intern-at-intel-parallel-mandelbrot/ Parallel Mandelbrot with OpenMP by dcfrogle]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://claudiusmaximus.goto10.org/cm/2010-12-06_exponential_mapping_and_openmp.html claudiusmaximus  : exponential mapping and openmp]&lt;/ref&gt;
* General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU):
** OpenCl&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/110685/Part-1-OpenCL-Portable-Parallelism  Part 1: OpenCL™ – Portable Parallelism By manythreads]&lt;/ref&gt;
** CUDA&lt;ref&gt;[http://blogs.mathworks.com/loren/2011/07/18/a-mandelbrot-set-on-the-gpu/ A Mandelbrot Set on the GPU in Matlab by Loren Shure]&lt;/ref&gt;
**WebGl &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chromeexperiments.com/detail/progressive-julia-fractal/?f=webgl progressive-julia-fractal using webgl by Felix Woitzel]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://glsl.heroku.com glsl sandbox at heroku.com]&lt;/ref&gt;

===Vectorisation===

====C====

* gcc vector extension &lt;ref&gt;[http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Vector-Extensions.html gcc  : Vector Extensions]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://ds9a.nl/gcc-simd/example.html  First code example using gcc vector support by bert hubert]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://ejrh.wordpress.com/2011/10/13/mandelbrot-calculation-using-simd/ Mandelbrot calculation using SIMD by EJRH Edmund Horner]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/u32/performance.php?test=mandelbrot The Computer Language Benchmarks Game]&lt;/ref&gt;
* Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions&lt;ref&gt;[http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/introduction-to-intel-advanced-vector-extensions/ Intel Advanced Vector Extensions]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hortont.com/blog/icc-and-mandelbrot/ ICC and Mandelbrot by Tim Horton]&lt;/ref&gt;
====c++====
* [https://gitlab.com/libeigen/eigen/-/tree/master/demos/mandelbrot Mandelbrot in Eigen] - Explicit vectorization 
====R====
[[File:Mandelbrot Creation Animation (800x600).gif|right|thumb|This image is made with use of  vectorised code. Its creation time is very short.]]
Vectorisation &lt;ref&gt;[[w:Vectorization (parallel computing)|Vectorization (parallel computing)]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mathworks.com/support/tech-notes/1100/1109.html Matlab - Code Vectorization Guide ]&lt;/ref&gt;

Here is R code of above image with comments:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cerebralmastication.com/2009/02/mandelbrot-set-in-r/ mandelbrot set in r by J.D. Long]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;pre&gt;
## based on the R code by Jarek Tuszynski
## http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mandelbrot_Creation_Animation_%28800x600%29.gif

iMax=20; # number of frames and iterations

## world coordinate ( float )
cxmin = -2.2;
cxmax = 1.0;
cymax = 1.2;
cymin = -1.2;

## screen coordinate ( integer)

dx=800; dy=600 ;           # define grid size

## sequences of  values = rows and columns
cxseq = seq(cxmin, cxmax, length.out=dx);
cyseq = seq(cymin, cymax, length.out=dy);
## sequences of  values = rows * columns
cxrseq = rep(cxseq, each = dy);
cyrseq = rep(cyseq,  dx);
C = complex( real=cxrseq, imag = cyrseq); # complex vector
C = matrix(C,dy,dx)       # convert from vector to matrix
# Now C is a matrix of c points coordinates (cx,cy)

# allocate memory for all the frames
F = array(0, dim = c(dy,dx,iMax)) # dy*dx*iMax array filled with zeros

Z = 0                     # initialize Z to zero
for (i in 1:iMax)         # perform iMax iterations
{
  Z = Z^2+C               # iteration; uses n point to compute n+1 point
  
  F[,,i]  = exp(-abs(Z))              # an omitted index is used to represent an entire column or row
     # store magnitude of the complex number, scale it using an exponential function to emphasize fine detail, 
}

# color and save F array to the file 
library(caTools)          # load library with write.gif function
# mapped to color palette jetColors . Dark red is a very low number, dark blue is a very high number
jetColors = colorRampPalette(c(&quot;#00007F&quot;, &quot;blue&quot;, &quot;#007FFF&quot;, &quot;cyan&quot;, &quot;#7FFF7F&quot;, &quot;yellow&quot;, &quot;#FF7F00&quot;, &quot;red&quot;, &quot;#7F0000&quot;))
write.gif(F, &quot;Mandelbrot.gif&quot;, col=jetColors, delay=100, transparent=0)

&lt;/pre&gt;

===Multicore  ===
[[File:Parabolic Julia set for internal angle 1 over 5.png|thumbnail|right|Image and src code using OpenMP and symmetry]]
&quot;I always create as many worker threads as I have cores. More than that and your system spends too much time task switching&quot; - Duncan C&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com /programming/what-is-the-general-approach-to-threading-for-2d-plotting/ Fractal forums discussion : What is the general approach to threading for 2d plotting]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fractalforums.com/general-discussion/most-powerful-computer-possible-for-a-reasonable-price/?PHPSESSID=7db41da33f499eb25ef85f46866438f2 fractalforums discussion : most-powerful-computer-possible-for-a-reasonable-price/?PHPSESSID=7db41da33f499eb25ef85f46866438f2]&lt;/ref&gt;

Using OpenMP :

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=c&gt;
// fill array using symmetry of image 
// uses global var :  ...
int FillArraySymmetric(unsigned char data[] )
{
   
 unsigned char Color; // gray from 0 to 255

printf(&quot;axis of symmetry \n&quot;); 
iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry; 
#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) private(ix,Color) shared(ixMin,ixMax, iyAxisOfSymmetry)
for(ix=ixMin;ix&lt;=ixMax;++ix) PlotPoint(ix, iy, GiveColor(ix, iy));

/*
The use of ‘shared(variable, variable2) specifies that these variables should be shared among all the threads.
The use of ‘private(variable, variable2)’ specifies that these variables should have a separate instance in each thread.
*/

#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) private(iyAbove,ix,iy,Color) shared(iyAboveMin, iyAboveMax,ixMin,ixMax, iyAxisOfSymmetry)

// above and below axis 
for(iyAbove = iyAboveMin; iyAbove&lt;=iyAboveMax; ++iyAbove) 
  {printf(&quot; %d from %d\n&quot;, iyAbove, iyAboveMax); //info 
  for(ix=ixMin; ix&lt;=ixMax; ++ix)

  { // above axis compute color and save it to the array
    iy = iyAxisOfSymmetry + iyAbove;
    Color = GiveColor(ix, iy);
    PlotPoint(ix, iy, Color ); 
    // below the axis only copy Color the same as above without computing it 
    PlotPoint(ixMax-ix, iyAxisOfSymmetry - iyAbove , Color ); 
   } 
}  
 return 0;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Cell====

&quot;The Sony PlayStation 3 is one of the cheapest parallel computers available on the consumer market.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mia.uni-saarland.de/Research/SC_Hardware.shtml Algorithms for Specific Hardware -Mathematical Image Analysis Group  Saarland University, Germany]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://web.mac.com/sfj/Jenks_Parallel_Programming_Blog/Blog/Entries/2007/4/5_Linux_on_PS3.html Jenks Parallel Programming Blog]&lt;/ref&gt;

====GPGPU====

* CUDA 
**:[http://www.yellowdoglinux.com/ydl_cuda/ Yellow Dog Linux for CUDA]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/pa-linuxps3-1/ Programming high-performance applications on the Cell BE processor, Part 1: An introduction to Linux on the PLAYSTATION 3]&lt;/ref&gt;
** par4all&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.par4all.org/ par4all]&lt;/ref&gt;
*OpenCl
* [[GLSL Programming|GLSL]] - [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5593274/tools-for-glsl-editing/5593678#5593678 Tools for GLSL editing]
** [http://syntopia.github.io/Fragmentarium/ Fragmentarium] : playground for working with GPU (GLSL) based pixel graphics built in C++, OpenGL/GLSL, and Qt 4.
** [http://www.kickjs.org/example/shader_editor/shader_editor.html shader editor] using [http://www.kickjs.org/ kickjs]
** [http://glsl.heroku.com/ GLSL Sandbox] by Ricardo Cabello Miguel using [http://mrdoob.github.io/three.js/ three.js] 
** [http://jsfiddle.net/ jsfiddle] and [http://jsfiddle.net/z9EmN/ example] 
** WebGl : GLSL thru html. It is a 3D graphics API for JavaScript based on the OpenGL ES 2.0 API, that developers can use to create fully 3D web apps. 
*** [https://www.shadertoy.com/ shadertoy by Inigo Quilez, Pol Jeremias] :  a browser based Fragment Shader editor for 2D effects with it.
**** [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19449590/webgl-glsl-how-does-a-shadertoy-work how does a shadertoy work ?]
*** [http://www.chromeexperiments.com/webgl/  Chrome Experiments]
*** [http://webglplayground.net/ WebGL playground ] - new is not working  !!
*** examples :
**** [http://www.brainjam.ca/stackoverflow/webglspiral.html brainjam - webgl spiral]
**** [http://www.ibiblio.org/e-notes/webgl/webgl.htm webgl examples by Evgeny Demidov]
**** [http://hvidtfeldts.net/WebGL/webgl.html|WebGl example] by [http://blog.hvidtfeldts.net/ Hvidtfeldt Christensen] 
Canvas : [http://caniuse.com/#search=canvas list of supporting browsers]

==Effects==

Effects on 2 core CPU ( with 1 thread per core ) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Method !! time [minutes] !! relative speed
|-
|  CPU &amp; no optimisation|| 80|| 1
|-
| CPU &amp; symmetry || 39 || 2
|-
| CPU &amp; symmetry &amp; OpenMP  || 24|| 3
|- 
|GPU || ? ( to  do )
|}

GPU should be:
*  62 time faster than CPU &lt;ref&gt;[http://davibu.interfree.it/opencl/mandelgpu/mandelGPU.html MandelCPU vs MandelGPU  Written by David Bucciarelli]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 760 times faster &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mathworks.com/help/distcomp/examples/illustrating-three-approaches-to-gpu-computing-the-mandelbrot-set.html?requestedDomain=www.mathworks.com mathworks : llustrating-three-approaches-to-gpu-computing-the-mandelbrot-set]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Fractals/perturbation|Perturbation algorithm]] with series approximation (  100 times faster on zoom levels around e100! ) &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chillheimer.de/kallesfraktaler/  Kalles Fraktaler 2 by Bernard Geiger]&lt;/ref&gt;

 
Using WinXP Intel 2.9&amp;nbsp;GHz CPU (1 CPU used) with a GTX 480 GPU I get the following using 1000x1000 plot with 1000 max iterations :&lt;ref&gt;[http://wiki.tiker.net/PyCuda/Examples/Mandelbrot   Mandelbrot calculate using GPU, Serial numpy and faster numpy    Use to show the speed difference between CPU and GPU calculations by Ian Ozsvald ianozsvald.com July 2010]&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! type !! time !! description
|-
| gpu || 0.07s || gpu is a pure CUDA solution on the GPU
|-
| gpuarray || 3.4s || gpuarray uses a numpy-like CUDA wrapper in Python on the GPU
|-
| numpy || 43.4s || numpy is a pure Numpy (C-based) solution on the CPU
|-
| python (serial) || 1605.6s || python is a pure Python solution on the CPU with numpy arrays
|}

=References=
{{reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>smf1g0btgnl3e9zvnbwba2wjcjybdwy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Space Transport and Engineering Methods/Electric Propulsion</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>267110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448835</id>
      <parentid>4413072</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:57:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
      <origin>4448835</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="44909" sha1="9kpepook8y3kywxxxrkoeldohvybcuq" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:left;font-size:100%;background:#d0f0f0;line-height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;6&quot; face=Garamond&gt;Section 4.11: Phase 5 - Planetary System Development (continued)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;}}

{{TOC right}}
{{font/top|size=&quot;4&quot;|face=Garamond}}

&amp;emsp;Phase 5 in general covers the larger Solar System bodies besides Earth, the moons and rings which many have, and the orbital regions where their gravity dominates over the Sun's.  The large gravity wells around these planets require extra transport systems and energy to navigate.  Sunlight is blocked sometimes in closer orbits, at night on surfaces, and always below the surface.  Some of the planets and moons have atmospheres and trapped radiation belts, and all the larger ones have significant surface gravity.  All of these conditions are different enough from the orbital regions in Phase 4 to need design changes.  So we assign development of the larger bodies to a new major phase.  The various planets and their surrounding regions are also different from each other, so Phase 5 is divided into five parts.  They are in approximate order of difficulty and start times, and tend to start after the respective orbital regions where each body is located.  They operate in parallel with all the other phases once started.

&amp;emsp;The first two parts, Phase 5A: Lunar Development and Phase 5B: Mars Development, cover the easiest to reach bodies from Earth.  Concepts for these regions are developed enough we devoted two previous sections of this book to them - 4.9 and 4.10.  Concepts for the remaining three are less developed and presented below.  Phase 5C covers the hot planets Venus and Mercury and their surroundings. 5D covers Jupiter and the varied bodies and difficult environment around it.  Lastly, Phase 5E treats the outer three Gas Giants, and the objects and cold environments around them.  The Mars region requires slightly more velocity to reach than Venus, but Venus has a much deeper gravity well and no moons.  So it is harder to reach anything useful at Venus, and conditions are much worse, so we place it and Mercury after Mars in our sequence.  The Moon and all the major planets in Phase 5 have been visited by spacecraft, sometimes many of them, so we have reasonably detailed knowledge about them.


==&lt;font size=&quot;5&quot; face=Garamond&gt;'''Phase 5C - Venus and Mercury Development'''&lt;/font&gt;==
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;This phase includes development of the two major planets which are closer to the Sun than Earth, and orbits around them with semi-major axes less than 600,000 km for Venus and 100,000 km for Mercury.  These are distances to which reasonably stable orbits are possible against the Sun's influence.  '''[[w:Venus|Venus]]''' and '''[[w:Mercury_(planet)|Mercury]]''' have both been seen since ancient times, although it was not until the '''[[w:Copernican_Revolution|Copernican Revolution]]''' that they were understood to orbit the Sun.  They are more difficult to reach than Mars.  Added to this are the high temperatures for both, and high pressures for Venus.  They combine to place this phase after 5B Mars Development in start time.  It also comes after Phase 4C Inner Interplanetary Development, since you must travel through that region to reach the inner planets. 

&amp;emsp;The similarity in size and orbit to Earth made Venus popular in '''[[w:Venus_in_fiction|Fiction]]''' until the literally hellish temperatures and lack of water were confirmed in the 1960's.  Primary interest then shifted to Mars as the next most earth-like planet.  Mercury has also received some'''[[w:Mercury_in_fiction|Attention in Fiction]]''', but less popular interest because it was known to be too hot and too small to be like Earth.  In contrast, our program considers all of the Solar System's resources to be useful, limited only by the difficulty in accessing them. 

 
===Region Features===
&amp;emsp; 

&amp;emsp;Venus is the brightest planet as seen from Earth.  It's orbit is nearly circular at 0.723 ± 0.005 AU, coming closer to Earth than any other major planet.  Since 1961, a total of '''[[w:List_of_missions_to_Venus|43 Spacecraft Missions]]''' have attempted to reach Venus in some way, with 27 considered at least partly successful.  It is 18.5% lower in mass and 5% smaller in radius, making it a near-cousin of Earth in overall size.  However the atmosphere has a reference pressure 90.8 times higher than Earth, of which 96.5% is carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen, and some trace gases.  Combined with 90% higher solar flux, this results in an extreme '''[[w:Greenhouse_effect|Greenhouse Effect]]''', raising surface temperature to 737 K (462 C).  This is nearly hot enough to visibly glow red hot if you could survive the surface conditions to see it.  The black-body temperature in sunlit orbits is 468 K (195 C), 75 degrees warmer than for Earth.  Objects of other colors are similarly warmer.  Surface gravity is 8.87 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, or 9.55% lower than Earth.  While surface conditions are hostile, moderate pressures of 0.5 times Earth and temperatures around 27 C exist at 55 km altitude.  These can be reached by tall or floating structures.  

&amp;emsp;Mercury orbits closer to the Sun and is therefore harder to reach from Earth.  Only '''[[w:Exploration_of_Mercury|Two Spacecraft Missions]]''' have visited it so far, with a third planned to launch in late 2018.  It is only 5.5% of Earth's mass and 38% in radius, making it the smallest inner planet.  The orbit is significantly eccentric, varying from 0.307 to 0.467 AU from the Sun.  The axis is very nearly perpendicular to the orbit plane, so some polar craters can have permanently shadowed areas.  The surprising result is despite being close to the Sun, these parts of Mercury can be as cold as 100K (-173 C).  Conversely, the subsolar point at perihelion can reach 700 K.  Since Mercury has nearly no atmosphere, heat is more easily radiated to space.  So the highest temperatures are slightly less than Venus, despite being closer to the Sun.  Sunlit orbital temperatures range from 575 to 710 K (302-437 C) for black bodies, and are lower for other color objects.  Mercury's surface gravity is 3.7 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, the same as Mars despite being considerably smaller.  This is because it is 33% denser, making it the second densest planet after Earth. 

&amp;emsp;Direct transfer orbits from Earth to Venus and Mercury need about 2.5 and 7.5 km/s insertion velocities.  These can be lowered by gravity assists.  Escape velocities are 10.36 and 4.25 km/s from their surfaces and 1.041 and 0.664 km/s from the outer edge of their regions.  Orbital velocities are 29.3% lower in each case.  Orbit velocity from the surface of Venus is a theoretical number, since the thick atmosphere would impede direct launch.  Orbit periods in the region range from 90 minutes to 59 days around Venus, and 85 minutes to 15.5 days around Mercury, depending on orbit size.  Travel times from Earth by direct transfer orbits are 4.8 and 3.5 months respectively.  Gravity assisted trajectories need less propulsion, but take longer.  Round-trip communications times from Earth vary from 4.3 to 30 minutes for Venus, and 9 to 25 minutes for Mercury.  Communication times within their regions are less than 8 and 1.3 seconds respectively.  

&amp;emsp;Both Venus and Mercury rotate slowly, taking -243.02 and 58.65 days with respect to the stars.  Venus is negative because it rotates opposite the orbit direction, unlike Earth.  Their solar days are 116.75 and 176 Earth days, respectively.  The low equatorial rotation velocity makes a negligible difference in taking off or landing on these planets.  The lack of atmosphere and long solar night on Mercury produces large temperature swings.  Venus' thick atmosphere has impeded some observations, but topography has been mapped by radar from orbit.  We know less about global surface composition, but landed instruments indicate at least two types of basalt are present, and radar mapping indicates extensive '''[[w:Volcanology_of_Venus|Volcanic Activity]]'''.  '''[[w:Geology_of_Mercury|Mercury's Geology]]''' is influenced by a large iron core, volcanism, and extensive impact features.  The surface has a primary composition of 40% Oxygen, 25% Silicon, 11% Magnesium, 6% Aluminum, 4% each Calcium and Iron, and 2% Sulfur, with some variability by location.  This makes it more similar to the Earth's mantle than our crust. 

  
===Development Projects===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;The inner planets present some difficulties in reaching them, and from local conditions, but they have an advantage in large amounts of energy for production and other activities.  This comes from 1.9 times Earth's solar flux at Venus, and 4.6-10.6 times at Mercury.  To see how much an advantage this is, it takes 7 to 12 km/s velocity change to travel from near Earth to the Venus and Mercury orbital regions.  High efficiency electric propulsion will use 0.15-0.27 kg of propellant/kg cargo without gravity assists, using 263-474 MJ/kg of solar array energy.  If the cargo is also solar arrays, or equivalent thermal power generation, they will produce an additional 13.75 and 91.5 MJ/kg/day in added energy output, and repay the extra energy to get them there in 19 and 5.2 days respectively.  Space system lifetimes are nominally 15 years, so energy-intensive processes highly favor going closer to the Sun.  When added to the material resources of these planets, we have enough reason to consider development.


:'''Orbital Development'''


&amp;emsp;Near-term development of Venus and Mercury would begin in orbit by delivery of ready equipment and supplies from previous phases, and bootstrapping further growth using starter sets of production equipment.  Solar energy is available 60-100% of the time in orbit, and intensity is high, so it should enable rapid growth.  Materials would initially come from asteroids in the Inner Interplanetary region, then supplemented with mining Venus' atmosphere and the polar regions of Mercury.  Long-term development includes rotovator-type spaceports to make surface access easier, and building sunshields to terraform the planets below.


&amp;emsp;'''Orbital Production''' - Since Venus and Mercury appear to have no natural moons, we would like to use nearby asteroids as a resource for orbital development.  There are a relatively small number of known asteroids near the orbits of those planets (the two inner circles on a '''[https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/plot/Inner2.gif Plot]''' by the Minor Planet Center).  It is not clear if this is from low scattering efficiency and short residence time for asteroids starting from more distant orbits, or the difficulty in spotting small objects in the Sun's direction when looking at their partly unlit sides.  If nearby asteroids are insufficient, or the wrong composition, materials can be imported from better-supplied interplanetary areas with the help of planetary gravity assists.  Venus' atmosphere is a ready source of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, assuming scoop-mining from orbit is developed.  Mercury is small enough to directly throw bulk material to orbit, and the polar regions have tolerable natural temperatures.  Equipment that needs to operate at Earth-like temperatures can be protected by sun-shields when local conditions are too hot.


&amp;emsp;'''Orbital Habitats''' - Habitats with artificial gravity and sufficient thermal and radiation shielding can be built in previous regions which are more developed, and transported to orbit around Venus and Mercury.  This transport can be gradual, with modifications made as the conditions change, and supplies extracted as needed en-route.  This approach can enable substantial occupancy from the start.  Most of their design should be unchanged from previous orbital phases.


&amp;emsp;'''Orbital Transport''' - Orbital transport requirements include destinations within each orbital region, access of the planets below, and trade between the two planets and with elsewhere.  The early needs can be met by extending Inner Interplanetary transport that was already operating.  Later systems would be based in the local orbital regions.  The previous systems would include solar-electric propulsion and planetary gravity assists.  Solid materials are easier to extract from Mercury, and atmospheric gases from Venus.  So trade is likely between those planets.

&amp;emsp;Increased gravity as you get closer to the Sun implies more energy is needed to change orbits and reach Venus and Mercury.  Solar flux increases faster than velocity changes, and this introduces the possibility of solar sails as effective transport method in the inner regions.  For example, reflected sunlight provides 15.5 Newtons/km^2 at Venus, and a 1 micron Magnesium-Aluminum sail material would mass 2400 kg/km^2.  This generates 558 m/s/day acceleration for the bare sail.  This is reduced by the remaining structure and cargo mass, and angling the sail to control thrust direction.  This acceleration is comparable to that for electric propulsion including solar array mass near Earth.  The advantage of solar sails is they do not consume propellant.  Their disadvantage in the outer Solar System is low solar intensity makes them very slow.  Electric propulsion is also quite viable closer to the Sun, and a combined system is possible to take advantage of the reduced propellant from the sail and wider thrust angles from the electric engine.  In the long term, rotovator-type orbiting spaceports can assist with reaching the surface or escaping from Mercury and Venus, once enough traffic exists to justify their construction.


&amp;emsp;'''Orbital Services''' - [TBD]


:'''Surface Development'''


&amp;emsp;Near-term development of the inner planet's surfaces is impeded by their generally hostile conditions.  The exceptions are the polar areas of Mercury, and high altitudes in Venus' atmosphere, where conditions are more moderate.  For full development, some level of terraforming is desirable, as discussed below.  Higher latitudes on Mercury get less sunlight per area as a function of Sun angle, and terrain features or artificial reflectors can provide protected areas that are cooler.  Either floating structures, or ones supported by towers, can reach moderate conditions at higher altitudes over Venus.  It is not obvious which will be more practical, or if surface development on Venus should wait until some level of terraforming is accomplished.  In the long term, if the surface conditions can be made more tolerable, primarily with sunshades, then large scale access to the surface would encourage development there.  The combination of larger sources of raw materials plus continuous high energy available from orbit would make them attractive locations, at least for industry.


===Concept Details===
&amp;emsp;

:'''Terraforming Venus and Mercury'''


&amp;emsp;Venus and Mercury are mostly too hot, and Venus has too much atmospheric pressure, to use their surfaces in their natural state.  A long-term project would be to modify these conditions to make them more Earth-like, a process known as '''[[w:Terraforming|Terraforming]]'''.  '''[[w:Terraforming_of_Venus|Terraforming Venus]]''' has been considered by various means.  Our approach assumes that asteroid and Lunar mining in previous phases becomes well developed.  Material extracted from these sources is turned into many orbiting sunshades, which block most or all of the sunlight reaching the planets now.  The shades would be in medium orbits around the planet and be facing the Sun while crossing in front of it.  The remainder of their orbit they orient themselves so as to counteract the light pressure which would otherwise push them out of the desired orbit.  To do this effectively they may need to be reflective on at least one side.  Early sunshades can simply block the Sun, but later ones can incorporate solar collectors and other equipment to make use of the available energy.  

&amp;emsp;The minimum mass to totally block the Sun can be estimated by the cross section of Venus and assuming 1 micron thick shades. This would only require 0.115 km&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; of material.  Due to the shades being in orbit more than this is needed in practice, so we can use 1 km&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; as a more reasonable estimate for that planet.  The largest metallic asteroid in the Main belt has 6 million times this volume, so there is more than enough material available for such a project.  Mercury has only 16% of Venus' cross section, and needs correspondingly less reflector area, but the solar intensity is much higher trying to dislodge them.  So it is not clear what the relative difficulty will be.  Since Mercury has no atmosphere, sunshades installed on the surface may be a better approach.

&amp;emsp;Blocking the Sun for Venus would allow the atmosphere and surface to cool.  A cooler atmosphere has a shorter '''[[w:Scale_height|Scale Height]]''', over which pressure changes by a factor of ''e''.  Therefore high altitude terrain, like '''[[w:Ishtar_Terra|Ishtar Terra]]''' will preferentially see lower pressures and temperatures.  Construction of towers on these high points would additionally lower pressure and temperature, making them the earliest places to occupy, with expansion to other areas as conditions improve.  Some minerals, like '''[[w:Peridotite|Peridotite]]''', can capture carbon dioxide, which makes up 96.5% of Venus' atmosphere.  If such minerals exist on or near the surface of the planet, natural or accelerated capture may lower pressures further.  Landers on Venus have detected basaltic-type surface compositions, so the right types of minerals may be present.  Much further work on the '''[[w:Geology_of_Venus|Geology of Venus]]''' is needed before the feasibility of carbon capture is determined.

&amp;emsp;At first, more shading or entirely blocking the Sun would accelerate cooling the planet.  Afterwards, the level of shade can be adjusted to maintain desirable temperatures.  Mining the atmosphere from orbit using scoops can begin long before the planet cools.  Since the atmosphere is nearly 0.01% of the entire mass of Venus, this mining it is unlikely to make a significant difference in the terraforming process.  Even so, the carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen extracted this way have lots of uses.  The shades can start out as simple reflectors, but as the orbital region develops, they can be gradually replaced by solar collectors and habitats.


==&lt;font size=&quot;5&quot; face=Garamond&gt;'''Phase 5D - Jupiter System Development'''&lt;/font&gt;==
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;'''[[w:Jupiter|Jupiter]]''' is one of the wanderers of the night sky known from ancient times.  The discovery in 1610 of four moons going around it, rather than Earth, helped establish the modern '''[[w:Heliocentrism|Heliocentric]]''' (Sun-centered) model of the Solar System.  Today we recognize Jupiter as the most massive planet in the Solar System, 317.8 times Earth, with 0.066 more in the moons and ring system.  This is 2.5 times the mass of all the other known planets combined.  Effectively it is a miniature solar system of its own. Included in the Phase 5D region is the planet, 69 '''[[w:Moons_of_Jupiter|Known Moons]]''', a thin '''[[w:Rings_of_Jupiter|Ring System]]''' among the four innermost moons, and orbits with semi-major axes within 20 million km of Jupiter.  The outer irregular satellites orbit farther than this, but we also include them as part of the Jupiter System.  

&amp;emsp;This phase follows 5C: Venus and Mercury because it is more difficult in several ways.  Jupiter orbits 5.2 times farther from the Sun than Earth.  With the addition of navigating its gravity well, more total propulsion is needed to reach its resources.  At the same time, solar flux is much weaker, and parts of the region have high radiation levels.  The phase also follows 4D: Main Belt and Trojan, because Jupiter is at the outer edge of that region and sits between the Trojan clusters which lead and follow it.  So it is a small step from the Trojans to developing the outermost Jupiter moons.  For previous planets like Mars we divided development into orbital and surface projects.  For Jupiter, we divide it into three parts.  The Outer System includes the irregular satellites and orbits larger than 2 million km.  The Inner System includes the four large moons, four smaller inner ones, the rings, and orbits closer than 2 million km.  Finally comes Jupiter itself, but that development would be far in the future due to extreme difficulty in reaching it.


===Region Features===
&amp;emsp;

:'''Jupiter'''


&amp;emsp;Jupiter's orbit ranges from 4.95 to 5.46 AU from the Sun, with a period of 11.86 years.  Travel from Earth by direct transfer orbit nominally takes 2.73 years.  It has been observed by astronomers since the invention of the telescope, and '''[[w:Exploration_of_Jupiter|Visited or Orbited]]''' by 9 spacecraft, including one currently active, and one atmospheric probe.  It is a '''[[w:Gas_giant|Gas Giant]]''' with approximately the same overall composition as the Sun, and therefore does not have a well-defined surface.  The radius to the visible clouds is 71,492 km at the equator and 69,911 at the poles, giving it a total surface area 121.9 times the Earth.  The difference in radius is due to the rapid rotation period of 9.925 hours, and that it is mostly not a solid body.  The '''[[w:Atmosphere_of_Jupiter|Upper Atmosphere]]''' is about 90% hydrogen, 10% helium, 0.3% methane, and small amounts of ammonia and other trace gases.  Temperatures are 112 K (-161 C) at the 10 kPa level and 165 K (-108 C) at the 100 kPa level (about 1 Earth atmosphere).  Conditions reach 2.5 MPa pressure and 430 K (157 C) temperature at a depth of 132 km below the 100 kPa level, which is where the Galileo probe stopped transmitting.  Therefore there is a level where temperature and pressure are not too different from Earth, but getting and surviving there would be very difficult.

&amp;emsp;Solar flux at Jupiter varies from 4.1 to 3.35% of that at 1 AU, with an additional 0.2% variation across the orbital region.  Black body temperature in the region averages about 173 K (-100 C).  Escape velocity from low orbit is 59.5 km/s and orbit is 42 km/s.  Since the equator rotates at 12.6 km/s, the required velocity to reach orbit or enter the atmosphere is 29.4 km/s.  This large difference between orbit and the atmosphere makes accessing the planet itself very difficult.  Round-trip communications time from Earth varies from 1.06 to 1.85 hours.


:'''Inner System'''


&amp;emsp;The inner system extends from the lowest stable orbits to ones with semi-major axes of 2 million km.  Orbit periods range from 2.97 hours to 18.28 days.  It includes the four large '''[[w:Galilean_moons|Galiean Moons]]''' (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto), which orbit 0.422, 0.671, 1.07, and 1.88 million km from Jupiter in nearly circular orbits.  The first three have 4:2:1 resonant orbit periods.  Four smaller moons have orbits between 127,000 and 222,000 km in radius, with a thin ring system among them.  Their depth in Jupiter's gravity well makes access difficult.

&amp;emsp;The large moons range from about half to twice Earth's Moon in mass.  This is enough to be useful for gravity assists, making travel within the Jupiter System easier.  They are 90-150% of the Moon's diameter, with a combined surface area of 232.8 million km^2, or 1.56 times the land area of Earth.  All four are tidally locked to Jupiter, so their days are equal to their orbit periods of 1.77, 3.55, 7.15, and 16.7 Earth days.  To reach them unassisted from beyond the Jupiter System takes 3.4-7.15 km/s of velocity change.  Their escape velocities range from 2.0-2.75 km/s, and surface gravity from 1.23-1.8 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (12.5-18.4% of Earth).  The Galiean moons are large enough to have stable orbit regions around each, but have negligible atmospheres.  This makes transport to and from their surfaces easier.

&amp;emsp;Io's surface is composed of silicates, sulfur, and sulfur dioxide.  Tidal heating makes it the most volcanically active body in the Solar System.  Europa is covered in water ice with a probable water ocean underneath.  Ganymede's surface is about 2/3 areas with high water ice content, and 1/3 darker areas with clays and organic material.  Callisto has 25-50% water ice on the surface, with hydrated silicates, carbon and sulfur dioxides, and possibly ammonia and organic compounds detected.  Surface temperatures of the large moons range from 70-165K, except for volcanic hot spots on Io, and vary mostly by latitude and how close they are to Jupiter, and how much reflected light they get on the near side.


:'''Outer System'''


&amp;emsp;The outer system includes orbits from 2-20 million km in semi-major axes, and 61 known irregular moons.  They have much higher inclinations and eccentricities than the inner satellites.  Only eight are more than 10 km in diameter, with the remainder being smaller.  The last two were discovered in 2016 and 2017, so it is likely there are more which are less than 3 km in size to be discovered. 51 of the irregular moons have orbits 20-28.57 million km in size.  This is beyond the orbital region we defined for the Jupiter System, but since they are bound to the planet we include them as part of it.  Escape velocity from the edge of the region is about 3.5 km/s.  Total mass is over 8,000 trillion tons, mostly from '''[[w:Himalia_(moon)|Himalia]]''', the largest outer moon.  Total available solar energy in the outer system is 63 billion TW, or 3 billion times civilization's current energy use.

&amp;emsp;By size, the largest feature of the Jupiter System is the '''[[w:Magnetosphere_of_Jupiter|Magentosphere]]''', a cavity in the solar wind created by the planet's strong magnetic field.  It extends up to 7 million km towards the Sun, and as far as Saturn's orbit in the other direction.  It is filled with highly conductive plasma and contains complex current flows driven by the rotation of the planet's magnetic field with the planet.  The magnetosphere traps high energy particles in a belt concentrated between 280,000 and 775,000 km from Jupiter's center.  Without shielding, radiation levels are high enough to damage electronics and are lethal to people.  This is in addition to the normal solar and galactic radiation present in the Solar System.


===Development Projects===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;We expect development of the Jupiter system to start from the outer edge, and work inwards.  Moving closer requires increasing transport energy, and later dealing with very high radiation levels.  So it makes sense to start with the outer orbits and moons that are easier to reach.  Resupply and support stations can be set up there to prepare for later development of the inner system.  The outer areas of Jupiter are also easier to reach from the Main Belt &amp; Trojan areas, which would have previously started development.  Equipment and starting supplies can be delivered from these already developed regions.  

&amp;emsp;Together the Galilean moons are over 60% of Mars' mass, and 130 times that of the Main Belt and Trojan region.  They differ considerably from each other and from sources in previous phases.  The vast and varied source of materials makes eventual development of the inner system worthwhile.  It is complicated by high radiation levels and added velocity required as you get closer to Jupiter.  The added work required will delay their development until sufficient needs exist.  Jupiter itself is much harder to reach than the bodies orbiting it, so any direct uses besides gravity assists is deferred until much later.


:'''Outer System'''


&amp;emsp;All of the outer system moons have irregular orbits, are somewhat smaller than the Jupiter Trojans, and their spectra show similarity to some asteroid types.  So it is likely they started as captured asteroids.  Later collisions fragmented those asteroids to create the current groups with related orbits.  The irregular moons have the same average distance from the Sun as the Jupiter Trojans.  So reaching them and starting to use their resources should be an extension of previous work in Phase 4D, using the same designs.  Although solar energy is weak in this region (3.15-4.3% of the 1 AU intensity), lightweight reflectors should be able to concentrate it to usable levels.  Going from the surface of '''[[w:Himalia_(moon)|Himalia]]''', the largest outer moon, to orbit around it should only take 50-60 m/s, and the remaining moons will need less velocity.  So mining and delivery to processing plants should be easy.  The Main Belt and Trojan region has much more total material and energy resources than the outer Jupiter System.  So the likely reason to develop this area is a step towards the much larger resources of the inner moons.


:'''Inner System'''


&amp;emsp;The inner Jovian system has very high natural radiation levels from trapped particle belts.  Early development would therefore depend on bulk and active shielding, and remote control from more distant orbits that have lower radiation levels.  The unprotected radiation levels affect electronics as well as living things, and would be rapidly lethal to people.  We don't know if there is a practical way to permanently change the radiation levels in the long term, due to the strength and size of Jupiter's magnetic field. 

&amp;emsp;'''Production''' - Growth of local production would likely follow the usual path of mining first, then seed factories to bootstrap other industries.  The smaller outer moons can be an early source of propellants and supplies to support growth, with local sources developed over time.  Orbit velocity for Ganymede, the largest moon, is 1,938 m/s, and it is less for the other major moons.  An electric catapult can therefore throw cargo directly into orbit for processing in full sunlight, or transport to other destinations.  Water is widely available for propellant throughout the system.  Rocky and metallic materials may need to be imported from the surrounding regions, depending on the composition of the moons.  Large reflectors would be a desirable early product to generate power and heat.

&amp;emsp;'''Habitation''' - Because of the high radiation levels close to Jupiter, we expect most of the habitation in the region to be located farther out.  When people are needed, they can occupy heavily shielded habitats and do as much as possible by remote control.

&amp;emsp;'''Transport''' - Transport from previously developed regions would include a mix of electric propulsion, spaceport acceleration, and gravity assists.  People and the items they use would travel in shielded habitat modules.  High thrust propulsion would be needed for early landings on the large moons, while later transport can use spaceport structures.  

&amp;emsp;'''Services''' - Early services include science, exploration, and communications.  Later service industries are [TBD].


:'''Jupiter'''


&amp;emsp;We don't anticipate much development of Jupiter itself in the near or mid-term.  The very high velocity difference from orbit to the atmosphere requires over five times as much energy as escaping the Solar System from Earth's orbit.  There are also much easier sources of the gases in Jupiter's atmosphere in the outer Gas Giants and cold regions of Phase 4F.  We will keep this heading as a place-holder for the long-term future, and as a spur to finding new concepts.


==&lt;font size=&quot;5&quot; face=Garamond&gt;'''Phase 5E - Outer Gas Giant Development'''&lt;/font&gt;==
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;This phase includes development of the outer three giant planets: '''[[w:Saturn|Saturn]]''', '''[[w:Uranus|Uranus]]''', and '''[[w:Neptune|Neptune]]''' (SU&amp;N).  It also includes 103 known moons, a number of which are large, and three ring systems, one of which is famously prominent.  There are likely to be more moons that are currently too small and dim to be found.  Finally, the phase includes orbits with semi-major axes up to 20, 12, and 12 million km around the three planets.  Some of the moons orbit farther than these distances, but we include them in the phase because they orbit their respective planets.  Saturn is easily visible to the naked eye, and has been known since ancient times.  Uranus is marginally visible without equipment, and Neptune is about six times too dim, so they were only identified as planets in 1781 and 1846.  Saturn has been visited four times by spacecraft, including deploying a lander to its largest moon, Titan.  Uranus and Neptune have only been flown past once each, by the '''[[w:Voyager_2|Voyager 2]]''' spacecraft.  Due to their distance and only a single brief visit each, our knowledge of these planetary systems is less complete than for Saturn.

&amp;emsp;Phase 5E starts after 5D Jupiter System for several reasons.  The farther planets need more transport energy to reach, but at the same time solar energy is weaker for propulsion and other needs.  Travel times are significantly longer, a number of years by most methods, and temperatures are very cold.  It also starts after 4E Outer Interplanetary because these planets are located within that larger region, which must be crossed to reach them.


===Region Features===
&amp;emsp;

:'''Saturn'''

&amp;emsp;Saturn's orbit ranges from 9.04 to 10.12 AU from the Sun, with a period of 29.46 years.  It is 95.16 times Earth's mass, with an equatorial radius of 60,268 km, and a polar one of 58,232 km, making it the most flattened major planet.  Like Jupiter, it is a gas giant, and does not have a well defined surface.  Instead the size is measured where atmospheric pressure equals Earth at sea-level.  The upper atmosphere is about 96.3% hydrogen, 3.25% helium, 0.45% methane, and trace amounts of ammonia and other gases.  Temperatures range from 84 K (-189 C) at the 10 kPa level to 134 K at the 100 kPa level, and 270-330 K (-3 to 57 C) at the 1-2 MPa levels.  There is a complicated set of cloud layers with different compositions at these heights.  Gravity varies significantly from 12.06 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; at the poles to 9.04 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; at the equator, due to the flattened shape and rapid rotation of the planet every 10.55 hours.  These values are approximately equal to Earth's (9.81), but there is no easy way to support yourself in the atmosphere to experience it.  The planet is tilted 26.7 degrees to its orbit.  Solar flux in the Saturn region is 0.95-1.26% of the 1 AU intensity, except when blocked by the planet, moons, rings, or Titan's atmosphere.  Total available solar energy averages 18.6 billion TW in the region.

&amp;emsp;Saturn has a complex system of 62 known '''[[w:Moons_of_Saturn|Moons]]''' and multiple '''[[w:Rings_of_Saturn|Rings]]'''.  The total system mass is about 1.4 x 10&lt;sup&gt;23&lt;/sup&gt; kg, or 1.9 times Earth's Moon.  Seven of the moons are large enough to have become round by self-gravity.  The largest, '''[[w:Titan_(moon)|Titan]]''', holds over 96% of the mass orbiting Saturn, with an atmosphere containing 95% nitrogen and 5% methane at a pressure of 147 kPa, about 45% higher than Earth.  The moons can be grouped into the inner '''Regular Moons''', which have low inclinations and are closer than 1.5 million km in semi-major axis, and the outer '''Irregular Moons''' that are more than 3 million km from the planet and have higher inclinations and more eccentric orbits.  The larger moons are generally covered in water-ice, and Titan also has hydrocarbon lakes with methane and ethane.  The rings are 99.9% water ice.

&amp;emsp;Titan has an orbit period of 15.945 days and is tidally locked to Saturn, so the day is the same length.  It requires 2.3 km/s to match orbit from outside the Saturn system, and escape velocity is 2.64 km/s.  Surface gravity is 1.35 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;.  Total surface area is 83 million km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, or 56% of Earth's land.  Surface temperature is 94K (-179 C).


:'''Uranus'''

&amp;emsp;Uranus travels between 18.33 and 20.11 AU from the Sun, with a period of 84.02 years.  It has 15.91 times the Earth's mass, with a radius of 25,559 km at the equator and 25,362 km at the poles.  Uranus is an '''[[w:Ice_giant|Ice Giant]]''', which is mainly composed of elements heavier than helium.  It still has a thick atmosphere of lighter elements, the upper layers being 83% hydrogen, 15% helium, 2.3% methane, and traces of other compounds.  Temperature at the 100 kPa level is 76 K (-197 C), rising to about 330 K (57 C) at the 10 MPa level, which is 300 km lower.  There are multiple cloud layers in between.  Nominal surface gravity is 8.69 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, with about 0.25 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; reduction at the equator from its -17.24 hour rotation period.  The period is negative because Uranus is tilted 98 degrees to its orbit.  Solar flux in the Uranus region is 0.245-0.30% of the 1 AU value when not blocked.  Total available solar energy averages 1.67 billion TW in the region.

&amp;emsp;Uranus has 27 known '''[[w:Moons_of_Uranus|Moons]]''' plus a set of narrow '''[[w:Rings_of_Uranus|Rings]]'''.  The five major moons orbit from 129,000 to 583,000 km from the planet. They are 470 to 1575 km in diameter, with a combined mass of 9.1 x 10&lt;sup&gt;21&lt;/sup&gt; kg, or 12.4% of Earth's Moon.  Water ice has been detected on all five moons, and carbon dioxide or carbonate minerals on some of them.


:'''Neptune''' 

&amp;emsp;Neptune's orbit is quite circular, staying between 29.81 and 30.33 AU from the Sun.  It takes 164.8 years to complete an orbit, so it only completed one orbit since discovery in 2011.  It is slightly more massive than Uranus, at 17.15 times Earth, and nearly the same size, with radii of 24,764 km at the equator and 24,341 at the poles.  Like Uranus, it is an ice giant, with the bulk of its mass being elements heavier than helium, but with a thick atmosphere containing nearly 80% hydrogen, 19% helium, 1.5% methane, and trace gases.  The atmosphere at the 100 kPa level is 72K (-201 C), reaching 273 K (0 C) at the 5 MPa depth.  Nominal surface gravity is 11.15 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, decreasing about 0.29 m/s&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; at the equator from the 16.1 hour rotation period.  The planet is tilted 28.3 degrees to its orbit.  Solar flux in the Neptune region is nearly constant at 0.108-0.113% of the 1 AU value, except when blocked by something.  Total available solar energy averages  679 million TW in the region.

&amp;emsp;Neptune has 14 known '''[[w:Moons_of_Neptune|Moons]]''' and five '''[[w:Rings_of_Neptune|Rings]]'''.  Only one moon, '''[[w:Triton_(moon)|Triton]]''' is large enough to be spherical, at 2702 km diameter and 2.14 x 10&lt;sup&gt;22&lt;/sup&gt; kg mass (29% of Earth's Moon).  The remaining moons are only 0.4% of Triton's mass combined.  Triton is thought to be a captured Kuiper Belt object because of its retrograde orbit.  It is larger and more massive than Pluto, a Kuiper Belt object whose orbit crosses that of Neptune.  Triton has a thin nitrogen atmosphere, and the surface appears to be ~55% solid nitrogen, ~25% water ice, and ~15% carbon dioxide ice.  It currently orbits 355,000 km from Neptune with a period of -5.877 days.  Since it is tidally locked, this is also the day length.  Reaching Triton's orbit from outside the region requires 1.8 km/s velocity change, and escape velocity from the surface is 1.455 km/s.  Surface temperature is only 38 K (-235 C), 


===Development Projects===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;None of the giant plants have accessible solid surfaces, and their atmospheres are mostly hydrogen, making floating systems difficult.  They also require high velocities to reach or take off from.  So any development of the planets themselves would be very limited.  The majority of development would then use the many moons and rings for materials, and either orbital or surface locations in the three systems.  Development would likely start as an extension of Phases 4E and 5D, as Jupiter and the inner Centaurs become developed enough to be staging points for sending equipment and supplies to the farther planets.  It would then work inwards around each planet in succession.  As with other phases, early development would focus on extracting materials to be used in more developed regions.  This phase involves large distances and relatively difficult environments, so a significant amount of research and development will be needed before it can start.  Prior development in multiple preceding phases should allow enough time and experience for that to happen.


:'''Production'''

&amp;emsp;Due to low solar flux, either large, lightweight reflectors would be needed to bring it to useful levels, or alternate energy sources like nuclear.  Orbit velocity around Titan is 1.86 km/s, making gas mining particularly easy.  The difference between orbit and equatorial rotation velocities for SU&amp;N are 15.2, 12.5, and 13.9 km/s.  This is possibly low enough for mining their atmospheres from orbit. 

&amp;emsp;Helium-3 has been proposed as a low radiation fusion fuel.  Fusion in general has not yet been solved, and the He-3 - He-3 reaction is harder than the Deuterium-Tritium one that is the main target of research.  If the technical issues are overcome and a need develops, Uranus and Neptune have the highest ore concentrations of Helium in their atmospheres, and thus the He-3 isotope.  At the same time, fusion reactors would be available to make trips to these planets in reasonable time.  Such uses are far enough in the future that technology is likely to change dramatically in unexpected directions.  So it is too early to make plans for projects like this, but we can note the possibility for long-term development. 


:'''Habitation'''

&amp;emsp;All three of the outer giants have magnetic fields which create trapped high energy particle belts.  They are weaker than those around Jupiter, but likely still a hazard to unprotected people and electronics.  Since Jupiter is a worse case, designs should already be available from the previous phase, but more work is needed to understand the severity in different parts of the respective outer regions.  Even outside the radiation belts, some solar and cosmic radiation is present generally throughout the Solar System, requiring a moderate level of protection.


:'''Transport'''

&amp;emsp;Direct transfer ΔV departing from Earth's orbit to the SU&amp;N regions are 10.3, 11.3, and 11.7 km/s, the latter not far from Solar System escape at 12.3 km/s.  To match interplanetary orbit with the regions when arriving requires 5.45, 4.65, and 4.05 km/s.  Orbit velocities at the edges of the regions are 1.377, 0.695, and 0.755 km/s, and low orbits around the planets are at 25.0, 15.0, and 16.5 km/s.  So destinations within the region require a variable additional ΔV.  Reaching the regions from Earth can use planetary gravity assists, and all three of outer giants and their larger moons have enough mass to help at arrival and later orbit changes.  The larger moons can probably support stable enough orbits for orbiting spaceports, which can lower the velocity to get to and from the surface.

&amp;emsp;Low orbit periods for SU&amp;N are 250, 180, and 155 minutes, and are 2.89, 3.44, and 3.16 years at the edge of their regions.  Transit time between points in the region will vary beyond these limits depending on the transport methods used, and needs for orbit phasing and inclination changes.  Direct transfer orbits from Earth will take 6, 16, and 30 years to reach the regions.  These value are high enough that for people and equipment you would want to do something useful during the trip, or use faster transport systems.  For bulk cargo you might use slower but more efficient routes with gravity assists.

&amp;emsp;The power source for outer system transport is still to be determined.  Nuclear fuel has an energy content of ~80 TeraJoules/kg, while solar panels near Earth produce around 80 GigaJoules/kg.  The relative output then depends on the conversion efficiency of nuclear reactor fuel energy to useful output, and the mass ratio of the reactor system to the fuel load.  Fissionable elements are relatively rare compared to silicon used for solar panels or aluminum/magnesium used for concentrating reflectors.  So for large-scale energy demands, the solar sources have better material supply.  However, in distant regions where sunlight is weak, nuclear approaches may have the advantage.  Although reactors emit harmful radiation, most parts of the Solar System are filled with harmful radiation anyway.  The same shielding that protects people and equipment can do it from both sources. 


:'''Services'''

&amp;emsp;Early services are likely to include science, exploration, and communications. Later service industries are [TBD].  Round-trip communications times from Earth to the SU&amp;N regions are 2.19-3.12, 4.78-5.87, and 7.96-8.71 hours.  If communications are to be maintained when Earth is in opposition, a relay link will be needed, which slightly increases the maximum time.


{{font/end}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>9kpepook8y3kywxxxrkoeldohvybcuq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>DirectX/10.0/Direct3D/Bump Mapping</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>274448</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448983</id>
      <parentid>3445205</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:44:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448983</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="44617" sha1="oyvxd1da7o5q60cti6fr6n0h2ug5oo8" xml:space="preserve">This tutorial will cover how to perform bump mapping in DirectX 11 using HLSL and C++. 
The code in this tutorial is based on the code in the previous tutorials.

The proper terminology for the bump mapping technique we use is called normal mapping. 
The reason being is that we use a special texture called a normal map which is essentially a look up table for surface normals. 
Each pixel in this normal map indicates the light direction for the corresponding pixel on the texture color map.

For example take the following color map:

A normal map for the above texture would look like the following:

Using the normal map with the current light direction for each pixel would then produce the following bump mapped texture:

As you can see the effect is very realistic and the cost of producing it using bump mapping is far less expensive
than rendering a high polygon surface to get the same result.

To create a normal map you usually need someone to produce a 3D model of the surface and then use a tool to convert that 3D model into
a normal map.  There are also certain tools that will work with 2D textures to produce a somewhat decent normal map but it is obviously not
as accurate as the 3D model version would be.

The tools that create normal maps take the x, y, z coordinates and translate them to red, green, blue pixels 
with the intensity of each color indicating the angle of the normal they represent.
The normal of our polygon surface is still calculated the same way as before.  
However the two other normals we need to calculate require the vertex and texture coordinates for that polygon surface.  
These two normals are called the tangent and binormal.
The diagram below shows the direction of each normal:

The normal is still pointing straight out towards the viewer.  
The tangent and binormal however run across the surface of the polygon with the tangent going along the x-axis and the binormal going along the y-axis.
These two normals then directly translate to the tu and tv texture coordinates of the normal map with the texture U coordinate mapping to the tangent
and the texture V coordinate mapping to the binormal.

We will need to do some precalculation to determine the binormal and tangent vector using the normal and texture coordinates.
Also note that you should never do this inside the shader as it is fairly expensive with all the floating point math involved,
I instead use a function in my C++ code that you will see to do this during the model loading.
Also if you are looking to use this effect on a large number of high polygon models 
it may be best to precalculate these different normals and store them in your model format.
Once we  have precalculated the tangent and binormal we can use this equation to determine the bump normal at any pixel using the normal map:
 &lt;pre&gt;	bumpNormal = normal + bumpMap.x * tangent + bumpMap.y * binormal;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Once we have the normal for that pixel we can then calculate against the light direction and multiply by the color value of the pixel from the color texture
to get our final result.
== Framework == 

The frame work for this tutorial looks like the following.  The only new class is the BumpMapShaderClass.

We will start the tutorial by looking at the bump map HLSL shader code:
== Bumpmap.vs == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: bumpmap.vs
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


/////////////
// GLOBALS //
/////////////
cbuffer MatrixBuffer
{
    matrix worldMatrix;
    matrix viewMatrix;
    matrix projectionMatrix;
};
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Both the VertexInputType and PixelInputType now have a tangent and binormal vector for bump map calculations.
 &lt;pre&gt;//////////////
// TYPEDEFS //
//////////////
struct VertexInputType
{
    float4 position : POSITION;
    float2 tex : TEXCOORD0;
    float3 normal : NORMAL;
    float3 tangent : TANGENT;
    float3 binormal : BINORMAL;
};

struct PixelInputType
{
    float4 position : SV_POSITION;
    float2 tex : TEXCOORD0;
    float3 normal : NORMAL;
    float3 tangent : TANGENT;
    float3 binormal : BINORMAL;
};


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Vertex Shader
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
PixelInputType BumpMapVertexShader(VertexInputType input)
{
    PixelInputType output;
    

    // Change the position vector to be 4 units for proper matrix calculations.
    input.position.w = 1.0f;

    // Calculate the position of the vertex against the world, view, and projection matrices.
    output.position = mul(input.position, worldMatrix);
    output.position = mul(output.position, viewMatrix);
    output.position = mul(output.position, projectionMatrix);
    
    // Store the texture coordinates for the pixel shader.
    output.tex = input.tex;
    
    // Calculate the normal vector against the world matrix only and then normalize the final value.
    output.normal = mul(input.normal, (float3x3)worldMatrix);
    output.normal = normalize(output.normal);
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Both the input tangent and binormal are calculated against the world matrix and then normalized the same as the input normal vector.
 &lt;pre&gt;    // Calculate the tangent vector against the world matrix only and then normalize the final value.
    output.tangent = mul(input.tangent, (float3x3)worldMatrix);
    output.tangent = normalize(output.tangent);

    // Calculate the binormal vector against the world matrix only and then normalize the final value.
    output.binormal = mul(input.binormal, (float3x3)worldMatrix);
    output.binormal = normalize(output.binormal);

    return output;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Bumpmap.ps == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: bumpmap.ps
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


/////////////
// GLOBALS //
/////////////
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The bump map shader requires two textures. The first texture in the array is the color texture. The second texture is the normal map.
 &lt;pre&gt;Texture2D shaderTextures[2];
SamplerState SampleType;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Just like most light shaders the direction and color of the light is required for lighting calculations.
 &lt;pre&gt;cbuffer LightBuffer
{
    float4 diffuseColor;
    float3 lightDirection;
};


//////////////
// TYPEDEFS //
//////////////
struct PixelInputType
{
    float4 position : SV_POSITION;
    float2 tex : TEXCOORD0;
    float3 normal : NORMAL;
    float3 tangent : TANGENT;
    float3 binormal : BINORMAL;
};
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The pixel shader works as we described above with a couple additional lines of code. 
First we sample the pixel from the color texture and the normal map.
We then multiply the normal map value by two and then subtract one to move it into the -1.0 to +1.0 float range.
We have to do this because the sampled value that is presented to us in the 0.0 to +1.0 texture range which only 
covers half the range we need for bump map normal calculations.
After that we then calculate the bump normal which uses the equation we described earlier.
This bump normal is normalized and then used to determine the light intensity at this pixel by doing a dot product with the light direction.
Once we have the light intensity at this pixel the bump mapping is now done.
We use the light intensity with the light color and texture color to get the final pixel color.
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Pixel Shader
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
float4 BumpMapPixelShader(PixelInputType input) : SV_TARGET
{
    float4 textureColor;
    float4 bumpMap;
    float3 bumpNormal;
    float3 lightDir;
    float lightIntensity;
    float4 color;


    // Sample the texture pixel at this location.
    textureColor = shaderTextures[0].Sample(SampleType, input.tex);
	
    // Sample the pixel in the bump map.
    bumpMap = shaderTextures[1].Sample(SampleType, input.tex);

    // Expand the range of the normal value from (0, +1) to (-1, +1).
    bumpMap = (bumpMap * 2.0f) - 1.0f;

    // Calculate the normal from the data in the bump map.
    bumpNormal = input.normal + bumpMap.x * input.tangent + bumpMap.y * input.binormal;
	
    // Normalize the resulting bump normal.
    bumpNormal = normalize(bumpNormal);

    // Invert the light direction for calculations.
    lightDir = -lightDirection;

    // Calculate the amount of light on this pixel based on the bump map normal value.
    lightIntensity = saturate(dot(bumpNormal, lightDir));

    // Determine the final diffuse color based on the diffuse color and the amount of light intensity.
    color = saturate(diffuseColor * lightIntensity);

    // Combine the final bump light color with the texture color.
    color = color * textureColor;
	
    return color;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Bumpmapshaderclass.h == 

The BumpMapShaderClass is just a modified version of the shader classes from the previous tutorials.
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: bumpmapshaderclass.h
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _BUMPMAPSHADERCLASS_H_
#define _BUMPMAPSHADERCLASS_H_


//////////////
// INCLUDES //
//////////////
#include &amp;lt;d3d11.h&amp;gt;
#include &amp;lt;d3dx10math.h&amp;gt;
#include &amp;lt;d3dx11async.h&amp;gt;
#include &amp;lt;fstream&amp;gt;
using namespace std;


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Class name: BumpMapShaderClass
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class BumpMapShaderClass
{
private:
	struct MatrixBufferType
	{
		D3DXMATRIX world;
		D3DXMATRIX view;
		D3DXMATRIX projection;
	};

	struct LightBufferType
	{
		D3DXVECTOR4 diffuseColor;
		D3DXVECTOR3 lightDirection;
		float padding;
	};

public:
	BumpMapShaderClass();
	BumpMapShaderClass(const BumpMapShaderClass&amp;);
	~BumpMapShaderClass();

	bool Initialize(ID3D11Device*, HWND);
	void Shutdown();
	bool Render(ID3D11DeviceContext*, int, D3DXMATRIX, D3DXMATRIX, D3DXMATRIX, ID3D11ShaderResourceView**, D3DXVECTOR3, 
		    D3DXVECTOR4);

private:
	bool InitializeShader(ID3D11Device*, HWND, WCHAR*, WCHAR*);
	void ShutdownShader();
	void OutputShaderErrorMessage(ID3D10Blob*, HWND, WCHAR*);

	bool SetShaderParameters(ID3D11DeviceContext*, D3DXMATRIX, D3DXMATRIX, D3DXMATRIX, ID3D11ShaderResourceView**, D3DXVECTOR3, 
				 D3DXVECTOR4);
	void RenderShader(ID3D11DeviceContext*, int);

private:
	ID3D11VertexShader* m_vertexShader;
	ID3D11PixelShader* m_pixelShader;
	ID3D11InputLayout* m_layout;
	ID3D11Buffer* m_matrixBuffer;
	ID3D11SamplerState* m_sampleState;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The bump map shader will require a constant buffer to interface with the light direction and light color.
 &lt;pre&gt;	ID3D11Buffer* m_lightBuffer;
};

#endif
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Bumpmapshaderclass.cpp == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: bumpmapshaderclass.cpp
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include &quot;bumpmapshaderclass.h&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The class constructor initializes the pointers to null.
 &lt;pre&gt;BumpMapShaderClass::BumpMapShaderClass()
{
	m_vertexShader = 0;
	m_pixelShader = 0;
	m_layout = 0;
	m_matrixBuffer = 0;
	m_sampleState = 0;
	m_lightBuffer = 0;
}


BumpMapShaderClass::BumpMapShaderClass(const BumpMapShaderClass&amp; other)
{
}


BumpMapShaderClass::~BumpMapShaderClass()
{
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The Initialize function will call the shader to load the bump map HLSL files.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool BumpMapShaderClass::Initialize(ID3D11Device* device, HWND hwnd)
{
	bool result;


	// Initialize the vertex and pixel shaders.
	result = InitializeShader(device, hwnd, L&quot;../Engine/bumpmap.vs&quot;, L&quot;../Engine/bumpmap.ps&quot;);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Shutdown releases the shader effect.
 &lt;pre&gt;void BumpMapShaderClass::Shutdown()
{
	// Shutdown the vertex and pixel shaders as well as the related objects.
	ShutdownShader();

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The Render function sets the shader parameters first and then renders the model using the bump map shader.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool BumpMapShaderClass::Render(ID3D11DeviceContext* deviceContext, int indexCount, D3DXMATRIX worldMatrix, D3DXMATRIX viewMatrix, 
				D3DXMATRIX projectionMatrix, ID3D11ShaderResourceView** textureArray, D3DXVECTOR3 lightDirection,
				D3DXVECTOR4 diffuseColor)
{
	bool result;


	// Set the shader parameters that it will use for rendering.
	result = SetShaderParameters(deviceContext, worldMatrix, viewMatrix, projectionMatrix, textureArray, lightDirection, 
				     diffuseColor);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Now render the prepared buffers with the shader.
	RenderShader(deviceContext, indexCount);

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

InitializeShader sets up the bump map shader.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool BumpMapShaderClass::InitializeShader(ID3D11Device* device, HWND hwnd, WCHAR* vsFilename, WCHAR* psFilename)
{
	HRESULT result;
	ID3D10Blob* errorMessage;
	ID3D10Blob* vertexShaderBuffer;
	ID3D10Blob* pixelShaderBuffer;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The polygon layout is now set to five elements to accommodate the tangent and binormal.
 &lt;pre&gt;	D3D11_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC polygonLayout[5];
	unsigned int numElements;
	D3D11_BUFFER_DESC matrixBufferDesc;
	D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC samplerDesc;
	D3D11_BUFFER_DESC lightBufferDesc;


	// Initialize the pointers this function will use to null.
	errorMessage = 0;
	vertexShaderBuffer = 0;
	pixelShaderBuffer = 0;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The bump map vertex shader is loaded here.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Compile the vertex shader code.
	result = D3DX11CompileFromFile(vsFilename, NULL, NULL, &quot;BumpMapVertexShader&quot;, &quot;vs_5_0&quot;, D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS, 
				       0, NULL, &amp;vertexShaderBuffer, &amp;errorMessage, NULL);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		// If the shader failed to compile it should have writen something to the error message.
		if(errorMessage)
		{
			OutputShaderErrorMessage(errorMessage, hwnd, vsFilename);
		}
		// If there was  nothing in the error message then it simply could not find the shader file itself.
		else
		{
			MessageBox(hwnd, vsFilename, L&quot;Missing Shader File&quot;, MB_OK);
		}

		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The bump map pixel shader is loaded here.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Compile the pixel shader code.
	result = D3DX11CompileFromFile(psFilename, NULL, NULL, &quot;BumpMapPixelShader&quot;, &quot;ps_5_0&quot;, D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS, 
				       0, NULL, &amp;pixelShaderBuffer, &amp;errorMessage, NULL);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		// If the shader failed to compile it should have writen something to the error message.
		if(errorMessage)
		{
			OutputShaderErrorMessage(errorMessage, hwnd, psFilename);
		}
		// If there was  nothing in the error message then it simply could not find the file itself.
		else
		{
			MessageBox(hwnd, psFilename, L&quot;Missing Shader File&quot;, MB_OK);
		}

		return false;
	}

	// Create the vertex shader from the buffer.
	result = device-&gt;CreateVertexShader(vertexShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferPointer(), vertexShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferSize(), NULL, 
					    &amp;m_vertexShader);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Create the vertex shader from the buffer.
	result = device-&gt;CreatePixelShader(pixelShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferPointer(), pixelShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferSize(), NULL, 
					   &amp;m_pixelShader);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Create the vertex input layout description.
	// This setup needs to match the VertexType stucture in the ModelClass and in the shader.
	polygonLayout[0].SemanticName = &quot;POSITION&quot;;
	polygonLayout[0].SemanticIndex = 0;
	polygonLayout[0].Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT;
	polygonLayout[0].InputSlot = 0;
	polygonLayout[0].AlignedByteOffset = 0;
	polygonLayout[0].InputSlotClass = D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA;
	polygonLayout[0].InstanceDataStepRate = 0;

	polygonLayout[1].SemanticName = &quot;TEXCOORD&quot;;
	polygonLayout[1].SemanticIndex = 0;
	polygonLayout[1].Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32_FLOAT;
	polygonLayout[1].InputSlot = 0;
	polygonLayout[1].AlignedByteOffset = D3D11_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT;
	polygonLayout[1].InputSlotClass = D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA;
	polygonLayout[1].InstanceDataStepRate = 0;

	polygonLayout[2].SemanticName = &quot;NORMAL&quot;;
	polygonLayout[2].SemanticIndex = 0;
	polygonLayout[2].Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT;
	polygonLayout[2].InputSlot = 0;
	polygonLayout[2].AlignedByteOffset = D3D11_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT;
	polygonLayout[2].InputSlotClass = D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA;
	polygonLayout[2].InstanceDataStepRate = 0;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The layout now includes a tangent and binormal element which are setup the same as the normal element with the exception of the semantic name.
 &lt;pre&gt;	polygonLayout[3].SemanticName = &quot;TANGENT&quot;;
	polygonLayout[3].SemanticIndex = 0;
	polygonLayout[3].Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT;
	polygonLayout[3].InputSlot = 0;
	polygonLayout[3].AlignedByteOffset = D3D11_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT;
	polygonLayout[3].InputSlotClass = D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA;
	polygonLayout[3].InstanceDataStepRate = 0;

	polygonLayout[4].SemanticName = &quot;BINORMAL&quot;;
	polygonLayout[4].SemanticIndex = 0;
	polygonLayout[4].Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT;
	polygonLayout[4].InputSlot = 0;
	polygonLayout[4].AlignedByteOffset = D3D11_APPEND_ALIGNED_ELEMENT;
	polygonLayout[4].InputSlotClass = D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA;
	polygonLayout[4].InstanceDataStepRate = 0;

	// Get a count of the elements in the layout.
	numElements = sizeof(polygonLayout) / sizeof(polygonLayout[0]);

	// Create the vertex input layout.
	result = device-&gt;CreateInputLayout(polygonLayout, numElements, vertexShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferPointer(), 
					   vertexShaderBuffer-&gt;GetBufferSize(), &amp;m_layout);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Release the vertex shader buffer and pixel shader buffer since they are no longer needed.
	vertexShaderBuffer-&gt;Release();
	vertexShaderBuffer = 0;

	pixelShaderBuffer-&gt;Release();
	pixelShaderBuffer = 0;

	// Setup the description of the matrix dynamic constant buffer that is in the vertex shader.
	matrixBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;
	matrixBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(MatrixBufferType);
	matrixBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER;
	matrixBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;
	matrixBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
	matrixBufferDesc.StructureByteStride = 0;

	// Create the matrix constant buffer pointer so we can access the vertex shader constant buffer from within this class.
	result = device-&gt;CreateBuffer(&amp;matrixBufferDesc, NULL, &amp;m_matrixBuffer);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Create a texture sampler state description.
	samplerDesc.Filter = D3D11_FILTER_MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR;
	samplerDesc.AddressU = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;
	samplerDesc.AddressV = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;
	samplerDesc.AddressW = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_WRAP;
	samplerDesc.MipLODBias = 0.0f;
	samplerDesc.MaxAnisotropy = 1;
	samplerDesc.ComparisonFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_ALWAYS;
	samplerDesc.BorderColor[0] = 0;
	samplerDesc.BorderColor[1] = 0;
	samplerDesc.BorderColor[2] = 0;
	samplerDesc.BorderColor[3] = 0;
	samplerDesc.MinLOD = 0;
	samplerDesc.MaxLOD = D3D11_FLOAT32_MAX;

	// Create the texture sampler state.
	result = device-&gt;CreateSamplerState(&amp;samplerDesc, &amp;m_sampleState);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The light constant buffer is setup here.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Setup the description of the light dynamic constant buffer that is in the pixel shader.
	lightBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC;
	lightBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(LightBufferType);
	lightBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_CONSTANT_BUFFER;
	lightBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;
	lightBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
	lightBufferDesc.StructureByteStride = 0;

	// Create the constant buffer pointer so we can access the vertex shader constant buffer from within this class.
	result = device-&gt;CreateBuffer(&amp;lightBufferDesc, NULL, &amp;m_lightBuffer);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The ShutdownShader function releases all the pointers that were setup in the InitializeShader function.
 &lt;pre&gt;void BumpMapShaderClass::ShutdownShader()
{
	// Release the light constant buffer.
	if(m_lightBuffer)
	{
		m_lightBuffer-&gt;Release();
		m_lightBuffer = 0;
	}

	// Release the sampler state.
	if(m_sampleState)
	{
		m_sampleState-&gt;Release();
		m_sampleState = 0;
	}

	// Release the matrix constant buffer.
	if(m_matrixBuffer)
	{
		m_matrixBuffer-&gt;Release();
		m_matrixBuffer = 0;
	}

	// Release the layout.
	if(m_layout)
	{
		m_layout-&gt;Release();
		m_layout = 0;
	}

	// Release the pixel shader.
	if(m_pixelShader)
	{
		m_pixelShader-&gt;Release();
		m_pixelShader = 0;
	}

	// Release the vertex shader.
	if(m_vertexShader)
	{
		m_vertexShader-&gt;Release();
		m_vertexShader = 0;
	}

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

OutputShaderErrorMessage writes out errors to a text file if the HLSL shader file won't compile properly.
 &lt;pre&gt;void BumpMapShaderClass::OutputShaderErrorMessage(ID3D10Blob* errorMessage, HWND hwnd, WCHAR* shaderFilename)
{
	char* compileErrors;
	unsigned long bufferSize, i;
	ofstream fout;


	// Get a pointer to the error message text buffer.
	compileErrors = (char*)(errorMessage-&gt;GetBufferPointer());

	// Get the length of the message.
	bufferSize = errorMessage-&gt;GetBufferSize();

	// Open a file to write the error message to.
	fout.open(&quot;shader-error.txt&quot;);

	// Write out the error message.
	for(i=0; i&amp;lt;bufferSize; i++)
	{
		fout Release();
	errorMessage = 0;

	// Pop a message up on the screen to notify the user to check the text file for compile errors.
	MessageBox(hwnd, L&quot;Error compiling shader.  Check shader-error.txt for message.&quot;, shaderFilename, MB_OK);

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The SetShaderParameters function sets the shader parameters before rendering occurs.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool BumpMapShaderClass::SetShaderParameters(ID3D11DeviceContext* deviceContext, D3DXMATRIX worldMatrix, 
					     D3DXMATRIX viewMatrix, D3DXMATRIX projectionMatrix, 
					     ID3D11ShaderResourceView** textureArray, D3DXVECTOR3 lightDirection, 
					     D3DXVECTOR4 diffuseColor)
{
	HRESULT result;
	D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mappedResource;
	MatrixBufferType* dataPtr;
	unsigned int bufferNumber;
	LightBufferType* dataPtr2;


	// Transpose the matrices to prepare them for the shader.
	D3DXMatrixTranspose(&amp;worldMatrix, &amp;worldMatrix);
	D3DXMatrixTranspose(&amp;viewMatrix, &amp;viewMatrix);
	D3DXMatrixTranspose(&amp;projectionMatrix, &amp;projectionMatrix);

	// Lock the matrix constant buffer so it can be written to.
	result = deviceContext-&gt;Map(m_matrixBuffer, 0, D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, 0, &amp;mappedResource);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Get a pointer to the data in the constant buffer.
	dataPtr = (MatrixBufferType*)mappedResource.pData;

	// Copy the matrices into the constant buffer.
	dataPtr-&gt;world = worldMatrix;
	dataPtr-&gt;view = viewMatrix;
	dataPtr-&gt;projection = projectionMatrix;

	// Unlock the matrix constant buffer.
	deviceContext-&gt;Unmap(m_matrixBuffer, 0);

	// Set the position of the matrix constant buffer in the vertex shader.
	bufferNumber = 0;

	// Now set the matrix constant buffer in the vertex shader with the updated values.
	deviceContext-&gt;VSSetConstantBuffers(bufferNumber, 1, &amp;m_matrixBuffer);
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The texture array is set here, it contains two textures. 
The first texture is the color texture and the second texture is the normal map.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Set shader texture array resource in the pixel shader.
	deviceContext-&gt;PSSetShaderResources(0, 2, textureArray);
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The light buffer in the pixel shader is then set with the diffuse light color and light direction.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Lock the light constant buffer so it can be written to.
	result = deviceContext-&gt;Map(m_lightBuffer, 0, D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, 0, &amp;mappedResource);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Get a pointer to the data in the constant buffer.
	dataPtr2 = (LightBufferType*)mappedResource.pData;

	// Copy the lighting variables into the constant buffer.
	dataPtr2-&gt;diffuseColor = diffuseColor;
	dataPtr2-&gt;lightDirection = lightDirection;

	// Unlock the constant buffer.
	deviceContext-&gt;Unmap(m_lightBuffer, 0);

	// Set the position of the light constant buffer in the pixel shader.
	bufferNumber = 0;

	// Finally set the light constant buffer in the pixel shader with the updated values.
	deviceContext-&gt;PSSetConstantBuffers(bufferNumber, 1, &amp;m_lightBuffer);

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

RenderShader draws the model using the bump map shader.
 &lt;pre&gt;void BumpMapShaderClass::RenderShader(ID3D11DeviceContext* deviceContext, int indexCount)
{
	// Set the vertex input layout.
	deviceContext-&gt;IASetInputLayout(m_layout);

	// Set the vertex and pixel shaders that will be used to render this triangle.
	deviceContext-&gt;VSSetShader(m_vertexShader, NULL, 0);
	deviceContext-&gt;PSSetShader(m_pixelShader, NULL, 0);

	// Set the sampler state in the pixel shader.
	deviceContext-&gt;PSSetSamplers(0, 1, &amp;m_sampleState);

	// Render the triangles.
	deviceContext-&gt;DrawIndexed(indexCount, 0, 0);

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Modelclass.h == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: modelclass.h
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _MODELCLASS_H_
#define _MODELCLASS_H_


//////////////
// INCLUDES //
//////////////
#include &amp;lt;d3d11.h&amp;gt;
#include &amp;lt;d3dx10math.h&amp;gt;
#include &amp;lt;fstream&amp;gt;
using namespace std;


///////////////////////
// MY CLASS INCLUDES //
///////////////////////
#include &quot;texturearrayclass.h&quot;


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Class name: ModelClass
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class ModelClass
{
private:
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The VertexType structure has been changed to now have a tangent and binormal vector.
 &lt;pre&gt;	struct VertexType
	{
		D3DXVECTOR3 position;
		D3DXVECTOR2 texture;
		D3DXVECTOR3 normal;
		D3DXVECTOR3 tangent;
		D3DXVECTOR3 binormal;
	};
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The ModelType structure has also been changed to have a tangent and binormal vector.
 &lt;pre&gt;	struct ModelType
	{
		float x, y, z;
		float tu, tv;
		float nx, ny, nz;
		float tx, ty, tz;
		float bx, by, bz;
	};
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The following two structures will be used for calculating the tangent and binormal.
 &lt;pre&gt;	struct TempVertexType
	{
		float x, y, z;
		float tu, tv;
		float nx, ny, nz;
	};

	struct VectorType
	{
		float x, y, z;
	};

public:
	ModelClass();
	ModelClass(const ModelClass&amp;);
	~ModelClass();

	bool Initialize(ID3D11Device*, char*, WCHAR*, WCHAR*);
	void Shutdown();
	void Render(ID3D11DeviceContext*);

	int GetIndexCount();
	ID3D11ShaderResourceView** GetTextureArray();

private:
	bool InitializeBuffers(ID3D11Device*);
	void ShutdownBuffers();
	void RenderBuffers(ID3D11DeviceContext*);

	bool LoadTextures(ID3D11Device*, WCHAR*, WCHAR*);
	void ReleaseTextures();

	bool LoadModel(char*);
	void ReleaseModel();
&lt;/pre&gt; 

We have three new functions for calculating the tangent and binormal vectors for the model.
 &lt;pre&gt;	void CalculateModelVectors();
	void CalculateTangentBinormal(TempVertexType, TempVertexType, TempVertexType, VectorType&amp;, VectorType&amp;);
	void CalculateNormal(VectorType, VectorType, VectorType&amp;);

private:
	ID3D11Buffer *m_vertexBuffer, *m_indexBuffer;
	int m_vertexCount, m_indexCount;
	ModelType* m_model;
	TextureArrayClass* m_TextureArray;
};

#endif
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Modelclass.cpp == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: modelclass.cpp
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include &quot;modelclass.h&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The Initialize function now takes in two texture filenames. 
The first texture filename is for the color texture. 
The second texture filename is for the normal map that will be used to create the bump effect.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool ModelClass::Initialize(ID3D11Device* device, char* modelFilename, WCHAR* textureFilename1, WCHAR* textureFilename2)
{
	bool result;


	// Load in the model data,
	result = LoadModel(modelFilename);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

After the model data has been loaded we now call the new CalculateModelVectors function to calculate the tangent and binormal. 
It also recalculates the normal vector.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Calculate the normal, tangent, and binormal vectors for the model.
	CalculateModelVectors();

	// Initialize the vertex and index buffers.
	result = InitializeBuffers(device);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The two textures for the model are loaded here. 
The first is the color texture and the second is the normal map.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Load the textures for this model.
	result = LoadTextures(device, textureFilename1, textureFilename2);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}


bool ModelClass::InitializeBuffers(ID3D11Device* device)
{
	VertexType* vertices;
	unsigned long* indices;
	D3D11_BUFFER_DESC vertexBufferDesc, indexBufferDesc;
	D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vertexData, indexData;
	HRESULT result;
	int i;


	// Create the vertex array.
	vertices = new VertexType[m_vertexCount];
	if(!vertices)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Create the index array.
	indices = new unsigned long[m_indexCount];
	if(!indices)
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The InitializeBuffers function has changed at this point where the vertex array is loaded with data from the ModelType array. 
The ModelType array now has tangent and binormal values for the model so they need to be copied into the vertex array which 
will then be copied into the vertex buffer.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Load the vertex array and index array with data.
	for(i=0; i&amp;lt;m_vertexCount; i++)
	{
		vertices[i].position = D3DXVECTOR3(m_model[i].x, m_model[i].y, m_model[i].z);
		vertices[i].texture = D3DXVECTOR2(m_model[i].tu, m_model[i].tv);
		vertices[i].normal = D3DXVECTOR3(m_model[i].nx, m_model[i].ny, m_model[i].nz);
		vertices[i].tangent = D3DXVECTOR3(m_model[i].tx, m_model[i].ty, m_model[i].tz);
		vertices[i].binormal = D3DXVECTOR3(m_model[i].bx, m_model[i].by, m_model[i].bz);

		indices[i] = i;
	}

	// Set up the description of the static vertex buffer.
	vertexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;
	vertexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(VertexType) * m_vertexCount;
	vertexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER;
	vertexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;
	vertexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
	vertexBufferDesc.StructureByteStride = 0;

	// Give the subresource structure a pointer to the vertex data.
	vertexData.pSysMem = vertices;
	vertexData.SysMemPitch = 0;
	vertexData.SysMemSlicePitch = 0;

	// Now create the vertex buffer.
	result = device-&gt;CreateBuffer(&amp;vertexBufferDesc, &amp;vertexData, &amp;m_vertexBuffer);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Set up the description of the static index buffer.
	indexBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;
	indexBufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(unsigned long) * m_indexCount;
	indexBufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER;
	indexBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;
	indexBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;
	indexBufferDesc.StructureByteStride = 0;

	// Give the subresource structure a pointer to the index data.
	indexData.pSysMem = indices;
	indexData.SysMemPitch = 0;
	indexData.SysMemSlicePitch = 0;

	// Create the index buffer.
	result = device-&gt;CreateBuffer(&amp;indexBufferDesc, &amp;indexData, &amp;m_indexBuffer);
	if(FAILED(result))
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Release the arrays now that the vertex and index buffers have been created and loaded.
	delete [] vertices;
	vertices = 0;

	delete [] indices;
	indices = 0;

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

LoadTextures now creates a vertex array and then loads the color texture and normal map into the two element texture array.
 &lt;pre&gt;bool ModelClass::LoadTextures(ID3D11Device* device, WCHAR* filename1, WCHAR* filename2)
{
	bool result;


	// Create the texture array object.
	m_TextureArray = new TextureArrayClass;
	if(!m_TextureArray)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Initialize the texture array object.
	result = m_TextureArray-&gt;Initialize(device, filename1, filename2);
	if(!result)
	{
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

CalculateModelVectors generates the tangent and binormal for the model as well as a recalculated normal vector. 
To start it calculates how many faces (triangles) are in the model. 
Then for each of those triangles it gets the three vertices and uses that to calculate the tangent, binormal, and normal. 
After calculating those three normal vectors it then saves them back into the model structure.
 &lt;pre&gt;void ModelClass::CalculateModelVectors()
{
	int faceCount, i, index;
	TempVertexType vertex1, vertex2, vertex3;
	VectorType tangent, binormal, normal;


	// Calculate the number of faces in the model.
	faceCount = m_vertexCount / 3;

	// Initialize the index to the model data.
	index = 0;

	// Go through all the faces and calculate the tangent, binormal, and normal vectors.
	for(i=0; i&amp;lt;faceCount; i++)
	{
		// Get the three vertices for this face from the model.
		vertex1.x = m_model[index].x;
		vertex1.y = m_model[index].y;
		vertex1.z = m_model[index].z;
		vertex1.tu = m_model[index].tu;
		vertex1.tv = m_model[index].tv;
		vertex1.nx = m_model[index].nx;
		vertex1.ny = m_model[index].ny;
		vertex1.nz = m_model[index].nz;
		index++;

		vertex2.x = m_model[index].x;
		vertex2.y = m_model[index].y;
		vertex2.z = m_model[index].z;
		vertex2.tu = m_model[index].tu;
		vertex2.tv = m_model[index].tv;
		vertex2.nx = m_model[index].nx;
		vertex2.ny = m_model[index].ny;
		vertex2.nz = m_model[index].nz;
		index++;

		vertex3.x = m_model[index].x;
		vertex3.y = m_model[index].y;
		vertex3.z = m_model[index].z;
		vertex3.tu = m_model[index].tu;
		vertex3.tv = m_model[index].tv;
		vertex3.nx = m_model[index].nx;
		vertex3.ny = m_model[index].ny;
		vertex3.nz = m_model[index].nz;
		index++;

		// Calculate the tangent and binormal of that face.
		CalculateTangentBinormal(vertex1, vertex2, vertex3, tangent, binormal);

		// Calculate the new normal using the tangent and binormal.
		CalculateNormal(tangent, binormal, normal);

		// Store the normal, tangent, and binormal for this face back in the model structure.
		m_model[index-1].nx = normal.x;
		m_model[index-1].ny = normal.y;
		m_model[index-1].nz = normal.z;
		m_model[index-1].tx = tangent.x;
		m_model[index-1].ty = tangent.y;
		m_model[index-1].tz = tangent.z;
		m_model[index-1].bx = binormal.x;
		m_model[index-1].by = binormal.y;
		m_model[index-1].bz = binormal.z;

		m_model[index-2].nx = normal.x;
		m_model[index-2].ny = normal.y;
		m_model[index-2].nz = normal.z;
		m_model[index-2].tx = tangent.x;
		m_model[index-2].ty = tangent.y;
		m_model[index-2].tz = tangent.z;
		m_model[index-2].bx = binormal.x;
		m_model[index-2].by = binormal.y;
		m_model[index-2].bz = binormal.z;

		m_model[index-3].nx = normal.x;
		m_model[index-3].ny = normal.y;
		m_model[index-3].nz = normal.z;
		m_model[index-3].tx = tangent.x;
		m_model[index-3].ty = tangent.y;
		m_model[index-3].tz = tangent.z;
		m_model[index-3].bx = binormal.x;
		m_model[index-3].by = binormal.y;
		m_model[index-3].bz = binormal.z;
	}

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The CalculateTangentBinormal function takes in three vertices and then calculates and returns the tangent and binormal of those three vertices.
 &lt;pre&gt;void ModelClass::CalculateTangentBinormal(TempVertexType vertex1, TempVertexType vertex2, TempVertexType vertex3,
					  VectorType&amp; tangent, VectorType&amp; binormal)
{
	float vector1[3], vector2[3];
	float tuVector[2], tvVector[2];
	float den;
	float length;


	// Calculate the two vectors for this face.
	vector1[0] = vertex2.x - vertex1.x;
	vector1[1] = vertex2.y - vertex1.y;
	vector1[2] = vertex2.z - vertex1.z;

	vector2[0] = vertex3.x - vertex1.x;
	vector2[1] = vertex3.y - vertex1.y;
	vector2[2] = vertex3.z - vertex1.z;

	// Calculate the tu and tv texture space vectors.
	tuVector[0] = vertex2.tu - vertex1.tu;
	tvVector[0] = vertex2.tv - vertex1.tv;

	tuVector[1] = vertex3.tu - vertex1.tu;
	tvVector[1] = vertex3.tv - vertex1.tv;

	// Calculate the denominator of the tangent/binormal equation.
	den = 1.0f / (tuVector[0] * tvVector[1] - tuVector[1] * tvVector[0]);

	// Calculate the cross products and multiply by the coefficient to get the tangent and binormal.
	tangent.x = (tvVector[1] * vector1[0] - tvVector[0] * vector2[0]) * den;
	tangent.y = (tvVector[1] * vector1[1] - tvVector[0] * vector2[1]) * den;
	tangent.z = (tvVector[1] * vector1[2] - tvVector[0] * vector2[2]) * den;

	binormal.x = (tuVector[0] * vector2[0] - tuVector[1] * vector1[0]) * den;
	binormal.y = (tuVector[0] * vector2[1] - tuVector[1] * vector1[1]) * den;
	binormal.z = (tuVector[0] * vector2[2] - tuVector[1] * vector1[2]) * den;

	// Calculate the length of this normal.
	length = sqrt((tangent.x * tangent.x) + (tangent.y * tangent.y) + (tangent.z * tangent.z));
			
	// Normalize the normal and then store it
	tangent.x = tangent.x / length;
	tangent.y = tangent.y / length;
	tangent.z = tangent.z / length;

	// Calculate the length of this normal.
	length = sqrt((binormal.x * binormal.x) + (binormal.y * binormal.y) + (binormal.z * binormal.z));
			
	// Normalize the normal and then store it
	binormal.x = binormal.x / length;
	binormal.y = binormal.y / length;
	binormal.z = binormal.z / length;

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The CalculateNormal function takes in the tangent and binormal and then does a cross product to give back the normal vector.
 &lt;pre&gt;void ModelClass::CalculateNormal(VectorType tangent, VectorType binormal, VectorType&amp; normal)
{
	float length;


	// Calculate the cross product of the tangent and binormal which will give the normal vector.
	normal.x = (tangent.y * binormal.z) - (tangent.z * binormal.y);
	normal.y = (tangent.z * binormal.x) - (tangent.x * binormal.z);
	normal.z = (tangent.x * binormal.y) - (tangent.y * binormal.x);

	// Calculate the length of the normal.
	length = sqrt((normal.x * normal.x) + (normal.y * normal.y) + (normal.z * normal.z));

	// Normalize the normal.
	normal.x = normal.x / length;
	normal.y = normal.y / length;
	normal.z = normal.z / length;

	return;
}
&lt;/pre&gt;

== Graphicsclass.h == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: graphicsclass.h
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef _GRAPHICSCLASS_H_
#define _GRAPHICSCLASS_H_


/////////////
// GLOBALS //
/////////////
const bool FULL_SCREEN = true;
const bool VSYNC_ENABLED = true;
const float SCREEN_DEPTH = 1000.0f;
const float SCREEN_NEAR = 0.1f;


///////////////////////
// MY CLASS INCLUDES //
///////////////////////
#include &quot;d3dclass.h&quot;
#include &quot;cameraclass.h&quot;
#include &quot;modelclass.h&quot;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The new BumpMapShaderClass header file is included here in the GraphicsClass header.
 &lt;pre&gt;#include &quot;bumpmapshaderclass.h&quot;
#include &quot;lightclass.h&quot;


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Class name: GraphicsClass
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
class GraphicsClass
{
public:
	GraphicsClass();
	GraphicsClass(const GraphicsClass&amp;);
	~GraphicsClass();

	bool Initialize(int, int, HWND);
	void Shutdown();
	bool Frame();
	bool Render();

private:
	D3DClass* m_D3D;
	CameraClass* m_Camera;
	ModelClass* m_Model;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The new BumpMapShaderClass object is created here.
 &lt;pre&gt;	BumpMapShaderClass* m_BumpMapShader;
	LightClass* m_Light;
};

#endif
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Graphicsclass.cpp == 
 &lt;pre&gt;////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Filename: graphicsclass.cpp
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include &quot;graphicsclass.h&quot;


GraphicsClass::GraphicsClass()
{
	m_D3D = 0;
	m_Camera = 0;
	m_Model = 0;
&lt;/pre&gt; 

We initialize the BumpMapShaderClass object to null in the class constructor.
 &lt;pre&gt;	m_BumpMapShader = 0;
	m_Light = 0;
}


bool GraphicsClass::Initialize(int screenWidth, int screenHeight, HWND hwnd)
{
	bool result;
	D3DXMATRIX baseViewMatrix;

		
	// Create the Direct3D object.
	m_D3D = new D3DClass;
	if(!m_D3D)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Initialize the Direct3D object.
	result = m_D3D-&gt;Initialize(screenWidth, screenHeight, VSYNC_ENABLED, hwnd, FULL_SCREEN, SCREEN_DEPTH, SCREEN_NEAR);
	if(!result)
	{
		MessageBox(hwnd, L&quot;Could not initialize Direct3D&quot;, L&quot;Error&quot;, MB_OK);
		return false;
	}

	// Create the camera object.
	m_Camera = new CameraClass;
	if(!m_Camera)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Initialize a base view matrix with the camera for 2D user interface rendering.
	m_Camera-&gt;SetPosition(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
	m_Camera-&gt;Render();
	m_Camera-&gt;GetViewMatrix(baseViewMatrix);

	// Create the model object.
	m_Model = new ModelClass;
	if(!m_Model)
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The ModelClass object is initialized with the cube model, the stone01.dds color texture, and the bump01.dds normal map.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Initialize the model object.
	result = m_Model-&gt;Initialize(m_D3D-&gt;GetDevice(), &quot;../Engine/data/cube.txt&quot;, L&quot;../Engine/data/stone01.dds&quot;, 
				     L&quot;../Engine/data/bump01.dds&quot;);
	if(!result)
	{
		MessageBox(hwnd, L&quot;Could not initialize the model object.&quot;, L&quot;Error&quot;, MB_OK);
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Here we create and initialize the BumpMapShaderClass object.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Create the bump map shader object.
	m_BumpMapShader = new BumpMapShaderClass;
	if(!m_BumpMapShader)
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Initialize the bump map shader object.
	result = m_BumpMapShader-&gt;Initialize(m_D3D-&gt;GetDevice(), hwnd);
	if(!result)
	{
		MessageBox(hwnd, L&quot;Could not initialize the bump map shader object.&quot;, L&quot;Error&quot;, MB_OK);
		return false;
	}

	// Create the light object.
	m_Light = new LightClass;
	if(!m_Light)
	{
		return false;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The light color is set to white and the light direction is set down the positive Z axis.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Initialize the light object.
	m_Light-&gt;SetDiffuseColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
	m_Light-&gt;SetDirection(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);

	return true;
}


void GraphicsClass::Shutdown()
{
	// Release the light object.
	if(m_Light)
	{
		delete m_Light;
		m_Light = 0;
	}
&lt;/pre&gt; 

The new BumpMapShaderClass is released here in the Shutdown function.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Release the bump map shader object.
	if(m_BumpMapShader)
	{
		m_BumpMapShader-&gt;Shutdown();
		delete m_BumpMapShader;
		m_BumpMapShader = 0;
	}

	// Release the model object.
	if(m_Model)
	{
		m_Model-&gt;Shutdown();
		delete m_Model;
		m_Model = 0;
	}

	// Release the camera object.
	if(m_Camera)
	{
		delete m_Camera;
		m_Camera = 0;
	}

	// Release the D3D object.
	if(m_D3D)
	{
		m_D3D-&gt;Shutdown();
		delete m_D3D;
		m_D3D = 0;
	}

	return;
}


bool GraphicsClass::Render()
{
	D3DXMATRIX worldMatrix, viewMatrix, projectionMatrix, orthoMatrix;
	static float rotation = 0.0f;


	// Clear the buffers to begin the scene.
	m_D3D-&gt;BeginScene(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);

	// Generate the view matrix based on the camera's position.
	m_Camera-&gt;Render();

	// Get the world, view, projection, and ortho matrices from the camera and D3D objects.
	m_D3D-&gt;GetWorldMatrix(worldMatrix);
	m_Camera-&gt;GetViewMatrix(viewMatrix);
	m_D3D-&gt;GetProjectionMatrix(projectionMatrix);
	m_D3D-&gt;GetOrthoMatrix(orthoMatrix);
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Rotate the cube model each frame to show the effect.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Update the rotation variable each frame.
	rotation += (float)D3DX_PI * 0.0025f;
	if(rotation &gt; 360.0f)
	{
		rotation -= 360.0f;
	}

	// Rotate the world matrix by the rotation value.
	D3DXMatrixRotationY(&amp;worldMatrix, rotation);

	// Put the model vertex and index buffers on the graphics pipeline to prepare them for drawing.
	m_Model-&gt;Render(m_D3D-&gt;GetDeviceContext());
&lt;/pre&gt; 

Render the model using the bump map shader.
 &lt;pre&gt;	// Render the model using the bump map shader.
	m_BumpMapShader-&gt;Render(m_D3D-&gt;GetDeviceContext(), m_Model-&gt;GetIndexCount(), worldMatrix, viewMatrix, projectionMatrix,
				m_Model-&gt;GetTextureArray(), m_Light-&gt;GetDirection(), m_Light-&gt;GetDiffuseColor());

	// Present the rendered scene to the screen.
	m_D3D-&gt;EndScene();

	return true;
}
&lt;/pre&gt; 
== Summary == 

With the bump map shader you can create very detailed scenes that look 3D with just two 2D textures.
== To Do Exercises == 

1. Recompile and run the program. You should see a bump mapped rotating cube. Press escape to quit.

2. Change the bump map effect from 2.5 to something smaller (like 1.0) and larger (like 5.0) in the shader to see the change in the bump depth.

3. Comment out the color = color * textureColor; line in the pixel shader to see just the bump lighting effect.

4. Move the camera and light position around to see the effect from different angles.
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Development Cooperation Handbook/Cooperation and Communication/The relational content of communication</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279780</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448841</id>
      <parentid>2580105</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:01:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>easier then &gt; easier than</comment>
      <origin>4448841</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7324" sha1="eae9311pj6qklsdslx5nstpvvhf70jb" xml:space="preserve">
Communication always involves at least two persons (or two groups of persons) who, while talking about &quot;something&quot; also define their relationship and the reciprocal expectations.
Usually when the communication &quot;fails&quot; it is not because of disagreement about &quot;what&quot; the two are talking about, but rather because they do not agree on the relationship model proposed by the counterpart.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! The relational content of communication
|-
| [[File:The relational content of communication.jpg]]
|-
|&lt;small&gt;Every communication has the purpose of establishing a relationship. Relationships are basically of three orders: the equal (between friends) and hierarchical relationship on both sides: adult-child and child-adult. There are also relationships, for instance, between man and woman thatmove through all three orders of relationships in different phases and different moments.   Human relationships are established if both accept the identification of the degree of relationship proposed by the other. In our case, for instance, I’m the father and you’re the child- I’m teaching and you’re learning. We accept this. The moment one of the students reacts and the teacher perceives that he is refused as a teacher, there is tension between the two until, for instance, the teacher realises that in that particular subject matter it is the student who knows more. So, I accept the other as the teacher (for instance, when you put doubts on the hardware list). The elasticity or the capacity of persons to accept changes in the levels of the relationship at different points is extremely important for the relationship.  Even if we consider language to be different from communication, we must always consider the hierarchical relationship as an essential purpose of the fact of communicating. We communicate in order to establish the level of the relationship and only after we’ve established it. This again is a problem of [[Development Cooperation Handbook/Cooperation and Communication/Punctualization|punctualization]].&lt;/small&gt;
|}

When we communicate we also tell to to the counterpart how we portray our relationship: as superior, inferior or as equal. And the other does the same. We feel comfortable  if the counterpart con organization our interpretation (he/she acts as inferior while we proposed us as superior, etc.); we feel uncomfortable if the counterpart refuses our interpretation and proposes one that we think it is unacceptable ( (e-g- both the counterparts wants to be considered as reciprocally superior).

Another factor of uneasiness can be the modality of interpreting and otherwise established hierarchy:  the hierarchical order is established as functional to the achievement of specific objectives or is it expression of a natural superiority/inferiority amongst the persons?

In any case the reciprocal definition of roles is never static: the constant redefinition or reiteration of the relationship represent the axis upon which interpersonal communication moves.  Along with the processes of communication therefore, are constantly redefined the spheres of competence, the sectors where one is superiors to the other are better defined, it is better understood how much there are common stakes and common interests and how much interests are diverging or become effective.
So we can say that communication is the process through which social ties are established   and that there is no community (or society) without group identity: this identity is formed when communication achieves its objective 

The objective of communication is achieved when a group of &quot;I&quot;s accept to identify themselves as a &quot;we&quot; (with a common purpose and common stakes). 

For most of the time the communication about the relationship is not explicit.  Most of the time in communication is spent referring to to the &quot;objective&quot; world (beyond their relationship). So  reciprocal interpersonal intentions are clarified implicitly, by the way people communicates and relates to each other.
Only rarely messages refers explicitly to the human relationship. In fact to communicate about &quot;things&quot; is easier than communicating about &quot;relationships&quot;. In order to be explicit about the relationship one need a higher level of intimacy.

Technically to communicate about the relationship is considered a way of &quot;communicating about communication&quot; :   that is why it is defined as &quot;[[Development Cooperation Handbook/Cooperation and Communication/Meta-communication|meta-communication]] &quot;.
It is important to realize that in each human relationship we can find elements of solidarity and elements of  competition.  

In fact each indivisual is at the same time in a communion of interests with the other in the organization of the economical and cultural structure of the social system where she lives and work; and in competition with the others in the effort of getting for herself as many good things produced by this system. Along this dynamics various smaller social units are generated, that are also at the same time in solidarity and in competition amongst themsellves, and produce various forms of unions and alliances. Along this dynamic of simultaneus solidarity¾competition are formed varius levels of social aggregation.   

Technically we call competition the [[Development Cooperation Handbook/Communication and Knowledge Management/The relational content of communication/the social games#the zero sum game|zero sum]] and solidarity the [[Development Cooperation Handbook/Communication and Knowledge Management/The relational content of communication/the social games#the positive sum game|positive sum]] in [[Development Cooperation Handbook/Communication and Knowledge Management/The relational content of communication/the social games|social gaming]].

Communication is what allows us to manage the reciprocal conflict of interests maintaining the bound of solidarity for the achievement of the shared objectives.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! kind of relationship !! Logical Model !! Characteristics !! example
|-
| Competition || Zero sum game || Every advantage obtained on the one side corresponds to an equal disadvantage on the other side|| price fixing in a negotiation
|-
| Solidarity || Positive sum game || The player have a common interest at stake: they can be either both winner or both losers || the relationship physician-patient in the therapy
|}


Communication is never an objective in itself, but it is always a means to produce an effect, that according to the three modalities of human relationship that we identified can be 

*increase the power of the protagonist by generating persuasion in the target audience; 
*allow the counterpart to make informed choices by providing knowledge of facts and intentions; 
*educate so that the counterpart can extend her/his horizon of possible choices.


== See also ==

[[File:Ezra_Cornell's_first_book.jpg|15px]]  [[Development Cooperation Handbook/Cooperation and Communication/The relational content of communication/The relationship between power and authority|The relationship between &quot;power&quot; and &quot;authority&quot;]]  &lt;br&gt; 


[[File:600X WIKIPEDIA LOGO.svg|14px]] on Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Watzlawick Paul Watzlawick]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadership Leadership]


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  <page>
    <title>Lentis/The Social Psychology of YouTube</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>283125</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448780</id>
      <parentid>3831239</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:25:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>more important then &gt; more important than</comment>
      <origin>4448780</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18893" sha1="d5gicd1h8sf48mvkfc022r5dmkdbj4c" xml:space="preserve">Internet video is a powerful medium. YouTube’s video hosting services has been deemed influential, from popularizing Internet trends of many cultures, to distributed socially valuable video messages.  YouTube is becoming more important than ever. Over 800 million unique users visit YouTube each month with over 4 billion hours of video being watched each month.{{ref|stats}} The social group of YouTube advocates, known as ‘YouTubers’ represents these users across the world.
[[File:Logo YouTube (2005-2017).svg|thumb|x200px|YouTube provides a forum for people to connect, inform, and inspire others across the globe.{{ref|about}}]]

==Worldwide Forum of Social Media==
YouTube is becoming the worldwide forum for information. Exposing various cultures, news, politics, and users alike. Social interaction within social media outlets is becoming the norm. With YouTube being a global archive there are many inclusions of substance and content being at odds. Users do have the ability to post controversial material, although YouTube does have the right to it take down if deemed necessary.  YouTube does not promote these negative videos, but society does. Through YouTube’s viewing count and video subscribing options we see that any video has the possibility of ranking up to become popular. As more users watch and link to other social media outlets, a video can easily become a viral. These viral hits cause great attention and criticism from the mass media and the public. The Invisible Children Movement that the Kony 2012 campaign video was meant to promote led to a backlash against the maker. {{ref|kony}} Though, with criticism, there also comes support. With over 90 million views from users across the world, Invisible Children’s awareness led to triple profit. {{ref|profit}} The video resonated with people worldwide. With so much exposure, it has led society to question the actual intent of the organization. Many users asked &quot;Where did the money actually end up?&quot;
{{cquote|The truth about Invisible Children is that we are not an aid organization, and we don't intend to be. I think people think we're over there delivering shoes or food. But we are an advocacy and awareness organization. {{ref|IC}}|||Jedidiah Jenkins, Invisible Children's director of ideology|}}
What started out as a campaign video on YouTube gained the awareness of Kony and Invisible Children non-profit orangization.

===Search and Discovery===
According to a Pew Research Center study, 70% of YouTube's traffic is foreign as YouTube is available in over 48 countries and languages{{ref|pewstudy}}. Changing the language settings of YouTube only changes its interface. This indicates that with search and discovery YouTube use, most foreign videos are phased out unless they include English search-indexed key terms. Despite acting as a worldwide forum of content to multiple cultures, there are language barriers that separate viewership of content to a specific language-sharing audience.

==Piracy and YouTube==
A critical social group pertaining to YouTube is pirates. With the ability to share videos, people have uploaded numerous clips, including those that violate copyright laws. YouTube has been the center of controversies involving record, movie, and television companies. YouTube has been sued by Viacom for copyright infringement.{{ref|Viacom}} Social behavior and perceptions on piracy has influenced steps taken by companies to address this issue.

===Public Perception on Piracy===
In 2008, 22.9 percent of YouTube videos are identified by each respective submitter as &quot;music&quot;.{{ref|statistics}} It is relevant to analyze piracy of digital music because most YouTube videos are in the &quot;music&quot; category. A survey by Bonner and O'Higgins found that people who illegally download music and view it as immoral chose answers that do not reflect this belief.{{ref|music}} This contradiction can be explained by cognitive dissonance. People will try to justify their &quot;wrong&quot; behavior or morally disengage. They found that the more people listen to music, the more likely they are to illegally download music.

Wingrove, Korpas, and Weisz found that deterrence, personal morality, and obligation has more influence on stealing CD's than sharing and downloading music.{{ref|non-compliance}} This is because downloading music pose no risk in bodily harm, music is just duplicated and not &quot;stolen&quot;, less risk in getting caught, and is supported by some communities of the internet. 

===YouTube mp3 Controversy===
YouTube mp3 is a service website that converts audio from YouTube videos into an mp3 file that the user can download.{{ref|YouTube mp3[}}
On June 8, 2012 YouTube sent a letter to the creator of YouTube mp3, Philip Matesanz, informing him to discontinue his service.{{ref|letter}} YouTube believed Matesanz violated the YouTube Term Service, which prohibits downloading videos that do not have a &quot;download&quot; link. YouTube has also blocked his service. Matesanz formed an online petition to allow recordings of YouTube to be legalized.{{ref|recording}} He argued that recording YouTube is synonymous to recording public broadcast, which is legal. His petition has reached almost four million signatures.

This example shows that some approve downloading YouTube videos for personal use. Matesanz does not approve to distributing the mp3 files and infringing copyright, as mentioned in YouTube mp3 terms of service.{{ref|terms of use}} This act is seen as an act of piracy by some. This shows another type of &quot;pirates&quot; in play, i.e. those who do not believe their actions are wrong.

=== Corporate Response===
Corporations have tackled the piracy issue based on social behavior and perception on piracy. YouTube makes violators watch &quot;YouTube Copyright School&quot; and take a quiz afterwards.{{ref|school}} Users with repeated offense will have their account suspended. YouTube's first attempts to educate violators so they understand enough about copyright. This attempts to remove accidental violators. Only after repeated offense will YouTube punish offenders. 

NBC and CBS have taken another approach. They formed a deal with YouTube, where they would supply YouTube with promotional clips of their programs.{{ref|CBS}} In addition, CBS has the choice to take down infringing videos or run an ad for those videos. CBS would take a cut of the revenue. The National Music Publishers Association (NMPA) also has a similar deal with YouTube.{{ref|licensing}}

Vevo, which is a joint venture by Universal Music Group, Sony Music Group, and Abu Dhabi Media Company, along with EMI Music licensing their content to Vevo.{{ref|Vevo}}{{ref|EMI}} Vevo provides music videos, celebrity interviews, and behind-the-scenes to various websites, including YouTube.

All of these solution consider the social perception and behavior on YouTube. Because infringing videos were more easily accessible than original videos, corporations attempt to make original videos as easily accessible. Traditional solutions would not be as effective. Taking down videos is a poor strategy, because people will upload infringing videos, despite their morality. Enforcing copyright laws is not effective. Deterrence and obligation to obey the law did not influence illegally downloading music as much. Social behavior and perception changed how businesses profit.

==Bulletin Board for YouTubers==
YouTube is a bulletin board of socially valuable video messages - i.e weight loss initiative and free hugs campaign, as well as a outlet for socially negative videos - i.e The Stephen &quot;freak-out&quot; videos and cyber bullying. Social interaction is good and bad in that it allows users to communicate in a more convenient manner, but it can also detract from physical interaction outside. YouTube's structure of user-generated content has allowed for many avenues to be available for viewers.
===Education===
YouTube is home to a number of student projects, instructional videos and professional development clips. In addition to user-posted material, the site has partnerships with several colleges and universities, from the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Southern California system to Vanderbilt and Northwestern universities, which operate channels with full-length lectures and interactive Web sites for the schools. {{ref|shool}} YouTube EDU brings learners and educators together in a global video classroom. On YouTube EDU, you have access to a broad set of educational videos that range from academic lectures to inspirational speeches and everything in between. {{ref|edu}}
===Politics and YouTube===

Politicians whose success in campaigning is dependent on public awareness would love to cater to YouTube's large audience.{{ref|communication}}  And, Google, particularly has a published starter kit to manage a campaign offering essential tasks pertaining to YouTube{{ref|campaign}}. This includes arranging targeted ads geographically and demographically, which is particularly useful for focusing on battleground states in elections, and communication directly with voters. Personalized videos can be made that help voters feel relevant and help organize support

However, mismanagement of this new interface of social psychology can lead to political ruin. For example, in 2006 former Republican senator George Allen was caught on video saying a controversial remark and this video was uploaded to YouTube and became a viral hit. After leading the polls, he lost by a thin margin largely due to the bad press related to the video. The effect of the video cascaded to influence the loss of control of the Senate to the Democrats.{{ref|communication}} This vivid example demonstrates how popular personalities and politicians now an archive of accountability for any claims they make as YouTube provides indisputable video evidence.

==YouTube’s Ranking System==
Individuals gain popularity and recognition through YouTube's current rankings:
*Spotlight Videos
*Most Discussed
*Most Viewed
*Top Favorited
*Popular
*Most Responded
*Top Rated
Users are also encouraged to subscribe to their peers YouTube channel, with Youtube dividing each channel into the following maincategories: ''Music'', ''Comedy'', ''Film &amp; Entertainment'', ''Gaming'', ''Beauty &amp; Fashion'', ''From TV'', ''Automotive'', ''Animation'', ''Sports'', ''How-to &amp; DIY'', ''Top Blogs'', ''Tech'', ''Science &amp; Education'', ''Cooking &amp; Health'', ''Top YouTube Collections'', ''Causes &amp; Non-profits'', ''News &amp; Politics'', ''Lifestyle'', ''New &amp; Noteworthy'', and ''Best of YouTube''. {{ref|rank}}

===Related Videos and their Effect===
Steering away from the previous formula of multimedia experience with fixed length movie or television features. YouTube encourages users to engage in an interactive watching experience of viewing short related clips. These related videos are selected is based on automatic factors a user has no control over{{ref|controlrv}}. The algorithm behind the recommendation videos page puts particular emphasis on previous user activity, and the most recent update to YouTube saves cookie information and personalizes the tab according to viewing history whether or not you have an account.{{ref|recommend}} YouTube accumulates data on how users use its features to allow content providers to strategically plan to increase their videos’ popularity and advertise effectively.{{ref|benefit}}  

As related video recommendations are the main source of views for the majority of the views on YouTube. There is strong correlation between the view count and the average view count of the top referrer video. {{ref|videoviews}}This makes videos with higher view counts get priority and viral videos gain momentum helping YouTube maintain its popularity. Gangnam style, the current all-time most watched video that was published in July 15, 2012 and has reached over 860,000,000 million views in an unprecedented scale of under 133 days.{{ref|graph}}

=== YouTube Celebrities===
With a plethora of video content, YouTube has created many worldwide phenomena. These Internet sensations take advantage of YouTube’s “Most Viewed” ranking system, allowing your average YouTuber to become a star overnight. Many stars that careers first started on YouTube include: Justin Beiber, Rebecca Black, and Psy. These celebrities are endorsed by corporate sponsors, who pay for product placement in their clips or production of online ads. YouTube has even expanded its partnership program to users that generate over thousands of views on their channel. {{ref|partner}} These users are required to regularly upload original content.

==Conclusion==
Social factors do indeed affect what people tend to view on YouTube. With YouTube's ranking system and corporate inclusion, we see YouTubers of all backgrounds. The idea of a user-generated content has expanded societies way of socializing. Its vast library of content has forever changed the way we communicate and learn. We now live in a society where many can't imagine life without YouTube.
{{cquote|It's accessible and interactive … a very human way of connecting to others. {{ref|quote}}|||Loree Goffigon, a principal at global design company Gensle|}}


==References==
#{{note|about}}YouTube (2012) About. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/t/about_youtube
#{{note|stats}}YouTube (2012) Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/t/press_statistics
#{{note|kony}}L.A. NOW (October 8 2012) 'Kony 2012' makers launch new video aimed at African warlord. Retrieved from http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2012/10/kony-2012-video-african-warlord.html
#{{note|profit}}theguardian (March 8 2012) Child abductee featured in Kony 2012 defends film's maker against criticism. Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/mar/08/jacob-acaye-child-kony-2012?intcmp=122
#{{note|IC}}GOOD magazine (March 8 2012) 'There's a Rabid Hunger to Criticize': A 'Kony 2012' Creator Defends the Film. Retrieved from http://www.good.is/posts/a-kony-2012-creator-defends-the-film/
#{{note|pewstudy}}Journalism.org (July 16, 2012) YouTube &amp; News. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/analysis_report/youtube_news
#{{note|Viacom}}La Monica, P. R. (2007). Viacom sues ‘GooTube’ for $1 billion. CNNMoney. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2007/03/13/news/companies/youtube_viacom_reaction/index.htm
#{{note|statistics}}Cheng, X., Dale, C., &amp; Liu, J (2008). Statistics and social network of YouTube Videos. 16th International Workshop on Quality of Service 229-238. doi: 10.1109/IWQOS.2008.32
#{{note|music}}Bonner, S. &amp; O’Higgins, E. (2010). Music piracy: ethical perspectives. Management Decision 48(9) 1341-1354. doi: 10.1108/00251741011082099
#{{note|non-compliance}}Wingrove, T., Korpas, A. L., &amp; Weisz, V. (2011). Why were millions of people not obeying the law? motivational influences on non-compliance with the law in the case of music piracy. Psychology, Crime &amp; Law 17(3) 261-276. doi: 10.1080/10683160903179526
#{{note|YouTube mp3}}Matesanz, P. (n. d.). What is YouTube mp3. https://www.mp3converter.net/
#{{note|letter}}Matesanz, P. (2012). Situation update. Retrieved from https://www.mp3converter.net/situation-update
#{{note|recording}}Matesanz, P. (n. d.). @Youtube &amp; @GoogleDE : Allow third party recording tools for YouTube. Retrieved from http://www.change.org/petitions/youtube-googlede-allow-third-party-recording-tools-for-youtube-freedomonyoutube
#{{note|terms of use}}Matesanz, P. (n. d.). Terms of Use. Retrieved from https://www.mp3converter.net/impress
#{{note|school}}Bilton, N. (2011). YouTube sentences copyright offenders to school. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/14/youtube-sentences-copyright-offenders-to-school/
#{{note|CBS}}Donohue, S. (2006). CBS partners with YouTube. Multichannel. retrieved from http://www.multichannel.com/internet-video/cbs-partners-youtube/130037
#{{note|licensing}}Los Angeles Times (2011).YouTube inks licensing deal with music publishers, ending lawsuit. Los Angeles Times. retrieved from http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/entertainmentnewsbuzz/2011/08/youtube-signs-licenses-with-music-publishers-settling-lawsuit.html
#{{note|Vevo}}Shelter, B. (2009) Music industry companies opening video site. The New York Times. retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/08/business/media/08vevo.html?_r=0
#{{note|EMI}}Van Buskirk, E. (2009) EMI licenses content to Vevo in 11th-hour deal. Wired. retrieved from http://www.wired.com/business/2009/12/emi-licenses-content-to-vevo-in-eleventh-hour-deal/
#{{note|school}}Center For Digital Education (n. d.). Is Education Ready For YouTube? Retrieved from http://www.centerdigitaled.com/edtech/Is-Education-Ready-For-YouTube.html
#{{note|edu}}YouTube EDU (n. d.) YouTube Education. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/t/education
#{{note|communication}}Guerorguieva, V. (2008). Voters, Mypace, and Youtube: the impact of alternate communication channels on the 2006 election cycle and beyond. Social Science Computer Review 26 (2008): 288-293.
#{{note|campaign}}Google (n. d.) Google Political Toolkit. Retrieved from http://support.google.com/youtube/bin/answer.py?hl=en&amp;answer=92651
#{{note|communication}}Guerorguieva, V. (2008). Voters, Mypace, and Youtube: the impact of alternate communication channels on the 2006 election cycle and beyond. Social Science Computer Review 26 (2008): 288-293.
#{{note|rank}}YouTube (2012). Channels Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/channels
#{{note|controlrv}}YouTube (October 16, 2012). Controlling 'Related Videos'. Retrieved from http://support.google.com/youtube/bin/answer.py?hl=en&amp;answer=92651
#{{note|recommend}}Davidson, J., Liebald, B., Liu, J., Nandy, P., &amp; Vleet, T. (2010) The YouTube video recommendation system. ACM. Proceedings of the fourth ACM conference on Recommender systems.  Barcelona, SP: ACM. 
#{{note|popgrowth}}Figueiredo, F., Benevenuto, F., &amp; Almeida, J. (Ed.) (2011) The Tube over time: characterizing popularity growth of YouTube videos. ACM. Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining. Belo Horizonte, BR: ACM. 
#{{note|videoviews}}Zhou, R., Khemmarat, S., &amp; Gao, Lixin. (2010). The impact of YouTube system on video views. IMC '10. Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement. Melbourne, AU: ACM.
#{{note|graph}}Allocca, K. PSY passes Bieber; Gangnam Style new most-viewed video of all time.  Retrieved from http://www.youtube-trends.blogspot.com/2012/11/
#{{note|partner}}New Media Rockstars (April 17 2012) YouTube expands partnership program. Retrieved from http://newmediarockstars.com/2012/04/youtube-expands-partnership-program/
#{{note|quote}}Forbes (October 17 2007) YouTube Goes Corporate. Retrieved from http://archive.is/20130629080803/http://www.forbes.com/2007/10/16/youtube-video-work-tech-cx_ew_1017youtube.html

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>d5gicd1h8sf48mvkfc022r5dmkdbj4c</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Flora of New York/Astereae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>291780</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448868</id>
      <parentid>4448039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:55:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nonenmac</username>
        <id>6290</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Erigeron */</comment>
      <origin>4448868</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="158344" sha1="iuqnvczzqkfh0gyjt6qajm4oxzh8tw9" xml:space="preserve">{{../header
| this      = Asterales : Asteraceae : Asteroideae
| this-stxt = Astereae
| prev-link = Senecioneae, Calenduleae, Gnaphalieae
| next-link = Anthemideae, Inuleae, Helenieae
}}

{{../txt|The '''Astereae''' consist of the '''asters''', '''goldenrods''', and related plants. Recent nomenclatural changes have removed almost all of the North American asters from the ''Aster'' genus itself.  A general reference used here for this trib is John C. Semple's ''Astereae Lab'' website.&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/ John C. Semple (2015). ''Astereae Lab'' website. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.]&lt;/ref&gt;}}

{|class=wikitable width=&quot;1024px&quot; style=&quot;font-size:12px&quot;
!width=&quot;80px&quot;|Order
!width=&quot;80px&quot;|Family
!width=&quot;80px&quot;|Subfamily
!width=&quot;80px&quot;|Tribe
!width=&quot;80px&quot;|Subtribe
!width=&quot;370px&quot;|Genera
!width=&quot;15px&quot;|G
!width=&quot;15px&quot;|T
&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
|-style=&quot;border-top-style:solid; border-top-color:#bbbbbb; border-top-width:2px;&quot;
&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
!rowspan=11|[[Flora of New York/Asterales|Asterales]]
!rowspan=11|[[Flora of New York/Asteraceae|Asteraceae]]
!rowspan=11|[[Flora of New York/Asteroideae|Asteroideae]]
!rowspan=11|'''Astereae'''
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Bellidinae|Bellidinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Bellis|''Bellis'']] (English daisy, lawn daisy)
|           align=right|1
|           align=right|1
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Asterinae|Asterinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Callistephus|''Callistephus'']] (China aster)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Tripolium|''Tripolium'']] (sea aster)
|           align=right|2
|           align=right|2
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Baccharidinae|Baccharidinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Baccharis|''Baccharis'']] (baccharis)
|           align=right|1
|           align=right|1
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Ericamerioid genera|(unplaced)]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Ericamerioid genera|''Ericameria'']] (rabbitbrush)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Ericamerioid genera|''Ionactis'']] (aster)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Ericamerioid genera|''Oclemena'']] (aster)
|           align=right|3
|           align=right|5
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Solidagininae|Solidagininae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Sericocarpus|''Sericocarpus'']] (whitetop aster)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Euthamia|''Euthamia '']] (goldentop)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Oligoneuron|''Oligoneuron'']] (goldenrod)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Solidago|''Solidago'']] (goldenrod)
|           align=right|4
|           align=right|41
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Boltoniinae|Boltoniinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Boltoniinae|''Boltonia'']] (doll's daisy)
|           align=right|1
|           align=right|2
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Machaerantherinae|Machaerantherinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Machaerantherinae|''Machaeranthera, Dieteria'']] (tansy aster)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Machaerantherinae|''Grindelia'']] (gumweed)
|           align=right|3
|           align=right|6
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Doellingeria|''Doellingeria'']] (whitetop)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Symphyotrichum|''Symphyotrichum'']] (aster)
|           align=right|2
|           align=right|38
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Eurybioid genera|(unplaced)]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Unplaced Eurybioid genera|''Eurybia'']] (aster)
|           align=right|1
|           align=right|6
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Chrysopsidinae|Chrysopsidinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Chrysopsidinae|''Pityopsis'']] (silkgrass)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Chrysopsidinae|''Chrysopsis'']] (goldenaster)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Chrysopsidinae|''Heterotheca'']] (false goldenaster)
|           align=right|3
|           align=right|3
|-
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Chrysopsidinae|Chrysopsidinae]]
|           [[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Conyzinae|''Conyza'']] (horseweed)&lt;br&gt;&lt;!--
         --&gt;[[Flora of New York/Astereae#Subtribe Conyzinae|''Erigeron'']] (fleabane)
|           align=right|3
|           align=right|10
|}

==Subtribe Bellidinae==

===''Bellis''===

{{../txt
| img = Bellis perennis dsc00906.jpg
| cap = ''Bellis perennis'', English lawn daisy
|''Bellis'' contains about 15 Old-world species commonly known as '''daisies'''. Of these, only the '''lawn daisy''' is known to have naturalized to any extent in New York or the rest of North America.&lt;ref&gt;[http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&amp;taxon_id=103738 Luc Brouillet (2006) &quot;''Bellis.''&quot; ''Flora of North America'', Vol 20, Asteraceae. Oxford University Press. 30 Jun. 2006]&lt;/ref&gt; A number of cultivars have been developed for horticultural purposes, and it's also considered to be a common lawn weed.}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Bellidinae|Bellis|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Bellis|Daisy|851|1|BELLI|1|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Bellis perennis
| author  = L.
| sn0     = {{../sn| 1753|Bellis perennis|L.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|English daisy|2017 New York Flora Atlas / 2017 VASCAN accepted: FNA Ed. Comm., 2006b}}
{{../vn1|Lawn-daisy|2017 Flora Novae Angliae gobotany.newenglandwild.org}}
{{../vn1|Lawndaisy|2017 USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team}}
{{../vn1|Lawn daisy|2017 VASCAN:  Klinkenberg, 2010+}}
{{../vn1|European daisy|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| fr-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Pâquerette vivace|}}
{{../vn1|Pâquerette pérennante|}}
{{../vn1|Pâquerette|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = Eurasia
| from1   = Morocco
| status1 = Naturalized
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|323|X|Bellis perennis L. - English daisy, lawn daisy - Lawns and mowed grassy areas. It can be evenly scattered throughout lawns and create a dramatic display in early spring.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|BEPE2|XX|}}
| vascan  = 2925
| gobot   = bellis/perennis
| its-id  = 36826
| ars-id  = 6728
| fna-id  = 200023530
| tro-id  = 2700290
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Bellis%20perennis
| bbg-id  = 2938
| map     = 
| image1  = Bellis perennis twin Macro 1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

==Subtribe Asterinae==

===''Callistephus''===

{{../txt
| img = Callistephus chinensis (in a flowerbed) 03.jpg
| cap = ''Callistephus chinensis'', China aster
| The genus ''Callistephus'' contains the single species ''Callistephus chinensis'' or '''China aster'''. It is used horticulturally, with cultivars that vary widely in color from white, red, blue, and yellow, to shades in between. It only occasionally escapes cultivation.}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Asterinae|Callistephus|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Callistephus|China aster|782|1|CALLI8|1|author=Cass.
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Callistephus chinensis
| author  = (L.) Nees
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster chinensis|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1817|Callistemma hortense|Cass.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1825|Callistephus hortensis|(Cass.) Cass.}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1832|Callistephus chinensis|(L.) Nees}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1909|Callistemma chinense|(L.) Skeels}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = China aster
| en2     = Annual aster
| en3     = Chinese-aster
| fr1     = Reine marguerite
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = China
| status1 = Not naturalized
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Annual
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|247|Xnn|Schenectady only}}
| usda    = {{../usda|CACH25|X0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = callistephus/chinensis
| its-id  = 501140 
| ars-id  = 8581
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Callistephus%20chinensis
| map     =  
| image1  = Callistephus chinensis20170726 8792.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Tripolium''===

{{../txt
| img = Aster tripolium trim.jpg
| cap = ''Tripolium pannonicum'', '''sea aster'''
| The only ''Tripolium'' species found in New York is the Eurasian ''Tripolium pannonicum'' or '''sea aster'''. The only vouchered specimen was collected in Manhattan. It is not considered to have naturalized in the state.}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Asterinae|Tripolium|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Tripolium|Sea aster|187|1|||author=Nees
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Tripolium pannonicum
| author  = (Jacq.) Dobrocz.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster tripolium|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1832|Tripolium vulgare|Nees|info=nom. illeg.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1925|Aster tripolium|ssp=pannonicus|ssp-au=(Jacq.) Soó}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1962|Tripolium pannonicum|(Jacq.) Dobrocz.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Sea aster
| fr1     = Aster de Hongrie
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = Eurasia
| from1   = n. Africa
| status1 = Not naturalized
| wetland = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|231|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|TRPA26|X0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 565581
| ars-id  = 459980
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Tripolium%20pannonicum
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Tripolium pannonicum subsp. pannonicum sl7.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

==Subtribe Baccharidinae==

===''Baccharis''===

{{../txt
| img = Groundseltree Baccharis halimifolia fall pappus close.jpg
| cap = ''Baccharis halimifolia'',&lt;br&gt;groundsel tree
| The only species of ''Baccharis'' growing wild in New York is '''eastern baccharis''' or '''groundsel-tree''', a small tree or shrub, native to the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plain, and found in saline habitats from Nova Scotia to Mexico. This plant is considered to be weedy in the south and highly invasive in Australia, France, and Spain where it has been introduced.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/8164 Baccharis halimifolia (groundsel-bush), CABI Invasive Species Compendium, 21 Aug. 2015.]&lt;/ref&gt;}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Baccharidinae|Baccharis|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Baccharis|Baccharis|883|1|BACCH|1|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Baccharis halimifolia
| author  = L.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Baccharis halimifolia|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1836|B. halimifolia|var=angustior|var-au=DC.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Groundsel tree|}}
{{../vn1|Groundsel-tree|}}
{{../vn1|Groundseltree|}}
{{../vn1|Eastern baccharis|}}
{{../vn1|Sea myrtle|}}
{{../vn1|Consumption-weed|}}
{{../vn1|Eastern false willow|}}
{{../vn1|Saltbush|}}
{{../vn1|groundsel-bush|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| fr-vns  = Baccharis à feuilles d'arroche
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Tree, shrub
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|215|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|BAHA|N0|}}
| vascan  = 9769
| gobot   = baccharis/halimifolia
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 6232
| fna-id  = 250066181
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Baccharis%20halimifolia
| bbg-id  = 207
| map     =  
| image1  = Baccharis halimifolia 1120477.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

==Subtribe &quot;ericamerioid asters&quot;==

Unplaced '''&quot;Ericamerioid&quot;''' genera

===''Ionactis''===

{{../txt
|img=Ionactis linariifolia DG-07.jpg
|cap=''Ionactis linariifolia''
|Of the five '''''Ionactis''''' species, all except the eastern '''''Ionactis linariifolia''''' are native to western North America.
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|unplaced|Ionactis|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Ionactis|Aster|888|1||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Ionactis linariifolia
| au-abbr = (L.) Greene
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = Pittonia 3: 245. 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1753.''    Aster linariifolius         ''L. in Sp. Pl.:874
1821.''    Aster fragilis              ''Jacq. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot. 1:82, not validly publ.
1832.''    Diplostephium linariifolium ''(L.) Nees in Gen. Sp. Aster.:199
1834.''    Diplostephium linariifolius ''(L.) Hook.
1836.''    Diplopappus linariifolius   ''Lindl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 5:277
1836.''    Diplopappus rigidus         ''Lindl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 5:277
1897.'' '''Ionactis linariifolia'''    ''(L.) Greene
auct.''&amp;ensp;Ionactis linariifolius      ''(L.) Greene, orth. var.
1914.''    Aster linariifolius         ''var. ''victorinii ''Fernald
1923.''    Aster linariifolius         ''f. ''lateralis ''House in Bull. NYS Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244:15
1923.''    Aster linariifolius         ''f. ''monocephalus ''House in Bull. NYS Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244:14
1932.''    Aster linariifolius         ''f. ''leucactis ''Benke in Rhodora 34:12
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = '''Stiff-leaved aster'''&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Flax-leaved aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Flaxleaf whitetop aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Flaxleaf ankle-aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Flax-leaved ankle-aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Flax-leaved stiff aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Savory-leaf aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Savory-leaved aster&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;br&gt; Spruce aster
| fr-vns  = Aster à feuilles de linaire
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Heliophily: 8
| chro-no = 2n = 18
| ny-rank = S4, G5
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|398|20 counties|20 counties}}
| inatc   = {{../inat|144193-Ionactis-linariifolia|10 counties|10 counties}}
| gbifc   = {{../gbif|3119895|present in NY|present in New York State}}
| usda    = {{../usda|IOLI2|NN|as Ionactis linariifolius}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 128903-2
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 6151
| vascan  = 3254
| gobot   = ionactis/linariifolia
| its-id  = 780388 
| ars-id  = 434150
| fna-i1  = 250067004
| fna-i2  = Ionactis_linariifolia
| tro-id  = 2725987
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Ionactis linariifolia DG-08.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Oclemena''===

{{../txt
|img=Oclemena acuminata 157561010.jpg
|cap=''Oclemena acuminata''
|Accepted species of ''Oclemena'' are:&lt;ref&gt;[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10230-1 ''Oclemena'' Greene, International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants (2023)]&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Oclemena acuminata'' (Michx.) Greene
*''Oclemena nemoralis'' (Aiton) Greene
*''Oclemena × blakei'' (Porter) G.L.Nesom
*''Oclemena reticulata'' (Pursh) G.L.Nesom

&lt;ref&gt;[https://wildadirondacks.org/adirondack-wildflowers-whorled-wood-aster-oclemena-acuminata.html Wildflowers of the Adirondacks: Whorled Wood Aster (''Oclemena acuminata''), Wild Adirondacks (2024)]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|unplaced|Oclemena|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Oclemena|Aster|889|author=Greene (1903)
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Oclemena acuminata
| author  = (Michx.) Greene
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1783.''    Aster divaricatus        ''Lam. in Encycl. 1:305, nom. illeg.
1803.''    Aster acuminatus         ''Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:109
1836.''    Diplostephium acuminatum ''DC. in Prodr. 5:273
1840.''    Aster latifolius         ''Banks ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1:155
1903.'' '''Oclemena acuminata'''    ''(Michx.) Greenein Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1:4
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = '''Whorled wood aster''' &lt;br&gt; Whorled aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|462|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OCAC|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Oclemena/acuminata
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Curtis's botanical magazine (Plate 2707) (8609975259).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Oclemena nemoralis
| author  = (Aiton) Greene
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1768.''    Matricaria americana  ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.:n.°5
1789.''    Aster nemoralis       ''Aiton in Hort. Kew. 3:198
1803.''    Aster uniflorus       ''Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:110
1813.''    Aster ledifolius      ''Pursh in Fl. Amer. Sept. 2:544
1832.''    Galatella nemoralis   ''Nees in Gen. Sp. Aster.:173
1841.''    Aster greenii         ''Nees ex Torr. &amp; A.Gray in Fl. N. Amer. 2:158
1896.''    Eucephalus nemoralis  ''(Aiton) Greene in Pittonia 3:57
1903.'' '''Oclemena nemoralis''' ''(Aiton) Greene in Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1:5
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt; 
| en-vns  = '''Bog aster''' &lt;br&gt; Leafy bog aster
| fr-vns  = Aster des tourbières &lt;br&gt; Aster des bois
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Rare
| c-rank  = 9
| nwi1    = OBL
| nwi2    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = S3, G5
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|410|10 counties|Chenango, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, Lewis, Niagara, Rensselaer, St. Lawrence, Suffolk}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OCNE2|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 1131339-2
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 3314
| gobot   = Oclemena/nemoralis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Oclemena nemoralis, Pancake Bay PP.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Oclemena × blakei
| author  = (Porter) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| hp1     = Oclemena acuminata
| hp2     = Oclemena nemoralis
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster blakei|(Porter) House}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Blake's aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unranked
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = SNA, GNA
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|436|5 counties|Essex, Hamilton (1933, 1987), Herkimer, Rensselaer (1996), St. Lawrence (1998)}}
| inatc   = {{../inat|170890-Oclemena---blakei|No NY observations|No New York State observations}}
| gbifc   = {{../gbif|3099193|Hamilton, Herkimer|present in New York State}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OCBL|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Ericameria''===

{{../txt
|img=2014-07-19 15 00 42 Rabbitbrush blooming in Elko, Nevada.JPG
|cap=''Ericameria nauseosa''
|The approximately 37 species of genus ''Ericameria'' (goldenbushes) and their many varieties are all native to western North America.&lt;ref&gt;[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30019209-2 ''Ericameria'' Nutt. in International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants (2023).]&lt;/ref&gt; 

However, ''Ericameria nauseosa ''var. ''oreophila'' (identified as syn. ''Chrysothamnus pinifolius'') was one of many western plants contaminating grass seed planted on public land in Rochester, New York in 1909.&lt;ref&gt;.[https://newyork.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=421 ''Ericameria nauseosa'' var. ''oreophila''. Werier et al. (2024) in New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany.]&lt;/ref&gt; See [[../Plants of Monroe County|Plants of Monroe County]].
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|unplaced|Ericameria|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Ericameria|Goldenbush|569|1|Erica|1|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Ericameria nauseosa
| author  = (Pursh) G.L.Nesom &amp; G.I.Baird  
| var     = oreophila
| var-au  = (A. Nelson) G.L.Nesom &amp; G.I.Baird
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1900.''    Chrysothamnus oreophilus   ''A.Nelson
1902.''    Chrysothamnus consimilis   ''Greene
1902.''    Chrysothamnus pinifolius   ''Greene
1919.''    Chrysothamnus nauseosus    ''var. ''pinifolius''
1995.''    Ericameria nauseosa        ''var. ''oreophila ''(A.Nelson) G.L.Nesom &amp; G.I.Baird in Phytologia
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = Rubber rabbitbrush &lt;br&gt; Great Basin rabbitbrush
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = western N. America
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Impersistent
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|421|Monroe 1911|Monroe 1911}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERNAO|N0|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 983850-1
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 566635
| ars-id  = 459384
| fna-id  = 250068287
| tro-id  = 50216883
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = EricameriaNauseosa 8722.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

==Subtribe Solidagininae==

===''Sericocarpus''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Sericocarpus|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Sericocarpus|Whitetop aster|41|2|||author=Nees (1832)
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Sericocarpus asteroides
| author  = (L.) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1888|Sericocarpus asteroides|(L.) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Toothed whitetop aster 
| en2     = Toothed white-topped aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|439|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SEAS3|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Sericocarpus/asteroides
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Nymap.svg
| image1  = Sericocarpus asteroides 1120018.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Sericocarpus linifolius
| author  = (L.) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1888|Sericocarpus linifolius|(L.) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Narrowleaf whitetop aster
| en2     = Narrow-leaved aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|446|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SELI5|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Sericocarpus/linifolius
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Nymap.svg
| image1  = Sericocarpus linifolius - Narrowleaf Whitetop Aster 2.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Gutierrezia''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Gutierrezia|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Gutierrezia|Snakeweed|165|1||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Gutierrezia sarothrae
| author  = (Pursh) Britton &amp; Rusby 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Broom snakeweed
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Impersistent
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6999|Xm|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|GUSA2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Gutierrezia sarothrae 6.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Euthamia''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Euthamia|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Euthamia|Goldentop|1043|2|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Euthamia graminifolia
| author  = (L.) Nutt. 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../snl
|{{../sn|1753|Chrysocoma graminifolia|L.}}
|{{../sn|1767|Solidago lanceolata|L.}}
|{{../sn|1796|Solidago graminifolia|(L.) Salisb.}}
|{{../sn|1840|Euthamia graminifolia|(L.) Nutt.}}
|{{../sn|1918|Solidago nuttallii|(Greene) Bush}}
|{{../sn|1946|Solidago hirtipes|Fernald}}
|= {{../sn|1972|Eu. hirtipes|(Fernald) Sieren}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Common flat-topped-goldenrod
| en2     = Flat-topped fragrant goldenrod
| en3     = Flat-top goldentop
| en4     = Grass-leaved goldenrod
| en5     = Common grass-leaved goldenrod
| en6     = Fragrant goldenrod
| en7     = Narrow-leaved goldentop
| fr1     = Verge d'or à feuilles de graminée
| fr2     = Verge d'or graminifoliée
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 1
| nwi1    = FACW
| nwi2    = FAC
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|306|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUGR5|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3157
| gobot   = euthamia/graminifolia
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 242416546
| tro-id  = 2700768
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     = Euthamia graminifolia nymap.svg
| image1  = Euthamia graminifolia (USDA).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Euthamia caroliniana
| author  = (L.) Greene ex Porter &amp; Britton
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../snl
|{{../sn|1753|Erigeron carolinianus|L.}}
|{{../sn|1814|Solidago tenuifolia|Pursh}}
|{{../sn|1818|Euthamia tenuifolia|(Pursh) Nutt.}}
|{{../sn|1840|S. tenuifolia|var=glutinosa|var-au=Nutt.}}
|{{../sn|1840|S. tenuifolia|var=microcephala|var-au=Nutt.}}
|{{../sn|1894|Eu. caroliniana||(L.) Greene ex Porter &amp; Britton}}
|{{../sn|1818|Eu. tenuifolia|(Pursh) Greene}}
|{{../sn|1902|Eu. media|Greene}}
|{{../sn|1902|Eu. microcephala|Greene}}
|{{../sn|1902|Eu. remota|Greene}}
|{{../sn|1911|Eu. galetorum|Greene}}
|{{../sn|1921|S. tenuifolia|var=pycnocephala|var-au=Fernald}}
|{{../sn|1983|Eu. tenuifolia|var=pycnocephala|var-au=(Fernald) C.E.S. Taylor &amp; R.J. Taylor}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Slender flattop goldenrod
| en2     = Slender goldentop
| en3     = Grass-leaved goldenrod
| en4     = Coastal-plain goldentop
| en5     = {{../en|Coastal-plain|grass-leaved goldenrod}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| c-rank  = 4
| nwi1    = FAC
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|307|3-4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUCA26|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = euthamia/caroliniana
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250066764
| tro-id  = 50119710
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     = Euthamia caroliniana nymap.svg
| image1  = Euthamia caroliniana 1120106.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Solidago''===

{{../txt
|img=
|cap=
|&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.florafinder.com/Species/Solidago.php Flora Finder page for Solidago]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

====''Solidago'' sect. ''Ptarmicoidei''====

{{../txt
|img=Solidago ohioensis 5550679.jpg
|cap=''Solidago ohioensis''&lt;br&gt;Ohio goldenrod
|''Solidago'' sect. ''Ptarmicoidei'' has been segregated into genus ''{{fny-w|Oligoneuron}}'' by some authors.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&amp;taxon_id=316945 ''Flora of North America'' 163b. Solidago Linnaeus sect. Ptarmicoidei (House) Semple &amp; Gandhi, Sida. 21: 756. 2004.]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/goldenrods/classification-and-illustrations J.C. Semple (2015). &quot;Classification and illustrations of goldenrods.&quot; University of Waterloo, Astereae Lab. 23 Feb 2015.]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Ptarmicoidei|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Flat-topped goldenrod|565|4|sect=Ptarmicoidei|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago ptarmicoides
| author  = (Torr. &amp; A.Gray) B.Boivin
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../spa1|1818|Inula alba|Nutt.}}
|{{../spa1|1832|Doellingeria ptarmicoides|Nees}}
|{{../spa1|1841|Aster ptarmicoides|Torr. &amp; A.Gray}}
|{{../spa1|1910|Unamia alba|(Nutt.) Rydb.}}
|{{../spa1|1972|Solidago ptarmicoides|B.Boivin}}
|{{../spa1|1993|Oligoneuron album|(Nutt.) G.L.Nesom}}
|{{../spa1|1999|Solidago asteroides|Semple}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = {{../en|Upland white|flat-topped-goldenrod}}
| en2     = Prairie goldenrod
| en3     = Upland white goldenrod
| en4     = White flat-topped-goldenrod
| en5     = White sneezewort
| fr1     = Verge d'or faux-ptarmica
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Rare
| c-rank  = 9
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|272  |3 |Oligoneuron album (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OLAL2|NN|Oligoneuron album (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom}}
| vascan  = 3472      | Solidago ptarmicoides (Nees?) B.Boivin sensu FNA Ed. Comm., 2006b. 
| gobot   = oligoneuron/album
| its-id  = 36293     | Solidago ptarmicoides (Torr. &amp; A.Gray) B.Boivin
| ars-id  = 434015    | Solidago ptarmicoides (Torr. &amp; A.Gray) B.Boivin
| fna-id  = 242417294 | Solidago ptarmicoides (Torr. &amp; A.Gray) B.Boivin
| tro-id  = 2701334   | Solidago ptarmicoides (Torr. &amp; A.Gray) B.Boivin
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago ptarmicoides nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago ptarmicoides 5474315.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago ohioensis
| author  = Riddell
| sn0     = {{../sn|1835|Solidago ohioensis|Riddell}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1891|Aster ohioensis|Kuntze}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1942|Oligoneuron ohioense|G.N.Jones}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|auct|Solidago houghtonii|non=Torr. &amp; A.Gray}}
| en1     = Ohio goldenrod 
| en2     = Ohio flat-topped goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or d'Ohio
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nynhp   = 2&lt;ref&gt;{{../nynhp-ref|8817|Oligoneuron ohioense|Threatened|S2|G4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|242|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OLOH|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3468      | Solidago ohioensis Riddell sensu FNA Ed. Comm., 2006b.
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 36285     | Solidago ohioensis Riddell
| ars-id  = 416419    | Solidago ohioensis Riddell
| fna-id  = 250067561 | Solidago ohioensis Riddell
| tro-id  = 2703267   | Solidago ohioensis Riddell
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago ohioensis nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago ohioensis 5499400.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago rigida
| author  = L.
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Solidago rigida|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1808|Solidago grandiflora|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1891|Aster rigidus|(L.) Kuntze}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1903|Oligoneuron rigidum|(L.) Small}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1933|Oligoneuron grandiflorum|(Raf.) Small}}
| en1     = Stiff goldenrod
| en2     = Stiff flat-topped-goldenrod
| en3     = Stiff-leaved goldenrod
| en4     = Rigid goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or rigide
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| c-rank  = 3
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nynhp   = 2&lt;ref&gt;{{../nynhp-ref|8819|Oligoneuron rigidum ''var.'' rigidum|Threatened|S2|G5T5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|286|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OLRIR|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3479 | Solidago rigida ssp. rigida sensu FNA Ed. Comm., 2006b. 
| gobot   = oligoneuron/rigidum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 242417297 | Solidago rigida L.
| tro-id  = 2703273   | Solidago rigida L.
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago rigida var rigida nymap.svg
| image1  = Stiff goldenrod (6175852913).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago houghtonii
| author  = Torr. &amp; A.Gray ex A.Gray
| sn0     = {{../sn|1848|Solidago houghtonii|Torr. &amp; A.Gray}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1891|Aster houghtonii|Kuntze}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1993|Oligoneuron houghtonii|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Houghton's goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or de Houghton
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|263|1|Genesee only}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OLHO|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3450  | Solidago houghtonii Torr. &amp; Gray sensu FNA Ed. Comm.
| gobot   =       | not listed
| its-id  = 36267 | Solidago houghtonii Torr. &amp; A. Gray ex A. Gray
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 02703260 |
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago houghtonii nymap.svg
| note    = [http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=Q2J5 FWS]
| image1  = Solidago houghtonii 5498589.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Flat-topped goldenrod|565|X|sect=Ptarmicoidei|txt=(potential hybrids)
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago × krotkovii
| sp-disp = Solidago × krotkovii
| author  = B.Boivin
| hp1     = Solidago ohioensis
| hp2     = Solidago ptarmicoides
| sn0     = {{../sn|1967|Solidago × krotkovii|B.Boivin}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1993|Oligoneuron × krotkovii|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Krotkov's goldenrod
| en2     = {{../hybrid-of|ohio goldenrod|prairie goldenrod}}
| fr1     = Verge d'or de Krotkov
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unreported
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|0|0|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|OLKR|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3507
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 507634    | Oligoneuron X krotkovii (B. Boivin) G.L. Nesom
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250067561 | under parent Solidago ohioensis
| tro-id  = 50204000  | Solidago × krotkovii B. Boivin
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago × krotkovii nymap.svg
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

====''Solidago'' sect. ''Unilaterales''====

{{:Flora of New York/txt
|img=
|cap=
|''Solidago'' section ''Unilaterales'' was formerly treated as ''Solidago'' subsect. ''Triplinerviae'' of sect. ''Solidago''
}}

''Solidago canadensis'' ('''Canada goldenrod''') is said to be allelopathic to sugar maple (''Acer saccharum'') seedlings.

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Triplinerviae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago gigantea
| author  = Aiton
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1781|Solidago serotina|Aiton ''illeg.''}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1789|Solidago gigantea|Aiton}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1834|Solidago pitcheri|Nutt.}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1943|Solidago × leiophallax|Friesner}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1982|Solidago serotinoides|Á.&amp; D.Löve}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Swamp goldenrod
| en2     = Giant goldenrod
| en3     = Smooth goldenrod
| en4     = Late goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d’or géante 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 3
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|261|5|Solidago gigantea Aiton - swamp goldenrod - Swamps, wet forests, wet fields, and thickets. Solidago gigantea does best in saturated soils although it tolerates soils that are simply mesic, at least seasonally. It usually does not occur in dense stands.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOGI|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3448
| gobot   = Solidago/gigantea
| its-id  = 36259
| ars-id  = 104551
| fna-id  = 242417286
| tro-id  = 2701324
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Solidago+gigantea
| bna-id  = Solidago%20gigantea
| map     =  
| image1  = Solidago gigantea.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago altissima
| ssp     = altissima
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Solidago altissima|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1803|Solidago scabra|Muhl. ex Willd.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1842|Solidago canadensis|var1=scabra|Torr. &amp; A.Gray}}
| en1     = Tall goldenrod
| en2     = Late goldenrod
| en3     = Canada goldenrod
| en4     = Double goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or haute
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 1
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|408|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOAL6|NN|Solidago altissima L. }}
| vascan  = 12042 | var. altissima
| gobot   = solidago/altissima
| its-id  = 36228
| ars-id  = 34916
| fna-id  = 242414377
| tro-id  = 2701316
| nse-id  = Solidago+altissima+ssp.+altissima
| bna-id  = Solidago%20altissima
| ipn-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Solidago altissima1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago canadensis
| var     = canadensis
| en1     = Canada goldenrod
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|285|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOCAC3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3444
| gobot   = solidago/canadensis
| image1  = 20130803Solidago canadensis1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago canadensis
| var     = hargeri
| en1     = Harger's goldenrod
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|267|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOCAH|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3446
| gobot   = solidago/canadensis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Solidago canadensis (36296920640).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago × erskinei
| au-abbr = B. Boivin
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| hp1     = Solidago canadensis
| hp2     = Solidago sempervirens
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../sn|||}}
|{{../sn|||}}
|{{../sn|||}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Erskine's goldenrod
| en2     = {{../hybrid-of|Canada goldenrod|seaside goldenrod}}
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unranked
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|230|U|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOER3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

====''Solidago'' sect. ''Solidago''====

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Argutae''=====

{{../txt
|img=Solidago patula (4016671157).jpg
|cap=''Solidago patula''  Muhl. ex Willd.&lt;br&gt;rough-leaved goldenrod
|
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|Argutae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Argutae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago arguta
| var     = arguta
| author  = Aiton
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Solidago arguta|Aiton}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1891|Aster arguta|(Aiton) Kuntze}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1933|Solidago tarda|Mack. ex Small}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Atlantic goldenrod
| en2     = Cut-leaved goldenrod
| en3     = Sharp-leaved goldenrod
| en4     = Forest goldenrod
| en5     = Late goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or à dents pointues
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = FACU
| nwi2    = UPL
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|282|5|Solidago arguta Ait. var. arguta - 	cut-leaved goldenrod - Dry-mesic to mesic deciduous forests often along the edge of trails, forest edges, and occasionally roadsides. Mainly in shaded dryish situations.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOARA|NN|}}
| vascan  = 23416
| gobot   = solidago/arguta
| its-id  = 530436
| ars-id  = 413881
| fna-id  = 250068753
| tro-id  = 2726701
| ipn-id  = 240094-2
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago arguta.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago patula
| author  = Muhl. ex Willd.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Rough-leaved goldenrod
| en2     = Roundleaf goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or étalée
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 7
| wetland = OBL
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|271|5|Rich swamps, fens, seepage areas in forests, and marshes. Restricted to saturated or seasonally inundated soils. It does best in rich more open environments but also occurs in fairly well shaded swamps.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOPAP|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3470
| gobot   = solidago/patula
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = Solidago patula var patula NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago patula 2017-09-29 5944.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Glomeruliflorae''=====

Goldenrods of subsection ''Glomeruliflorae'' are primarily shade-dwelling plants that are found in and on the edges of forests.

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Glomeruliflorae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago caesia | var0 = caesia
| author  = L.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Solidago caesia|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1808|Solidago gracilis|Poir.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1814|Solidago axillaris|Pursh}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1836|Solidago lateriflora|Raf. ex DC. ''non'' L.}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1882|Solidago caesia|var=axillaris|A.Gray}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1882|Solidago caesia|var=paniculata|A.Gray}}
| sn6     = {{../sn|1891|Aster caesius|Kuntze}}
| sn7     = {{../sn|1921|Solidago caesia|fo=axillaris|House}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Blue-stemmed goldenrod
| en2     = Wreath goldenrod
| en3     = Axillary goldenrod
| en4     = Woodland goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or bleuâtre
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Sun, Part Shade
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|284|5|Forested slopes, forest edges, forested road banks, and shale talus in mesic to a little drier soils. Occurring almost entirely in shaded situations Solidago caesia can be quite abundant at a site although it usually does not occur in dense stands.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOCA4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3443
| gobot   = solidago/caesia
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 2717776
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago caesia var caesia NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago caesia SCA-7367.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago flexicaulis
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1||Solidago latifolia|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Zigzag goldenrod
| en2     = Zig-zag goldenrod
| en3     = Broad-leaved goldenrod
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = Sun, Part Shade, Shade
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|278|5|Solidago flexicaulis L. - zig-zag goldenrod, broad-leaved goldenrod - Rich mesic forests, forested road banks, edges of forests, and thickets. Prefers deep calcareous soils. Solidago flexicaulis is an understory herb of mesic forested environments. In the northern parts of NY it is more restricted to rich forests while in the southern parts of NY it grows in a wider variety of soils although still prefers the richer sites.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOFL2|NN|}}
| gbif    =
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| vascan  = 3447
| gobot   = solidago/flexicaulis
| inat    = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| fna-i1  = 
| fna-i2  = 
| tro-id  =
| nwg-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = SOFL2
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| fws-id  = 
| bug-id  = 
| image1  = Solidago flexicaulis SCA-7233.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago macrophylla
| sn1     = Solidago mensalis
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Large-leaved goldenrod
| en2     = Largeleaf goldenrod
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 9
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|259|4|Clearings and openings in forests of a northern affinity, forests and forest edges, and ledges. This is a northern plant occurring in our cooler and more northern areas it ascends to sub-alpine forests. It does particularly well in openings in forests but also grows well in undisturbed cool forested sites.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOMA4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3459
| gobot   = solidago/macrophylla
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago macrophylla 2.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago caesia × flexicaulis
| sp-disp = Solidago caesia × flexicaulis
| hp1     = Solidago caesia
| hp2     = Solidago flexicaulis
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = {{../hybrid-of|bluestem goldenrod|zigzag goldenrod}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unranked
| c-rank  = x
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|413|U|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Humiles''=====

''Solidago'' sect. ''Solidago'' subsect. ''Humiles''&lt;ref&gt;[http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&amp;taxon_id=316978 Theodore M. Barkley, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother ''Flora of North America.''Volume 20. Asteraceae (cont'd).]&lt;/ref&gt;

Semple and Peirson (2013) promoted the two rare New York varieties of '''Rand's goldenrod''' (''S. simplex'' vars. ''monticola/randii'' &amp; ''racemosa'') to species level.&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/goldenrods/classification-and-illustrations/solidago-simplex/var-monticola J.C. Semple &amp; J.A. Peirson (2013).  A revised nomenclature for the Solidago simplex complex (Asteraceae: Astereae).  ''Phytoneuron'' 2013-41. 1-5.]&lt;/ref&gt;

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Humiles|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago randii
| au-abbr = (Porter) Britton
| au-full = Nathaniel Lord Britton
| au-pub  = Manual of the Flora of the northern States and Canada 937. 1901.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../var1|1893|Solidago virgaurea|L.|randii|Porter}}
{{../spa1|1901|Solidago randii|(Porter) Britton}}
{{../var1|1908|Solidago randii|(Porter) Britton|monticola|(Porter) Fernald}}
{{../ssp1|1952|Solidago spathulata|DC.|randii|(Porter) Cronquist ex Gleason}}
{{../ssv1|1991|Solidago simplex|Kunth|randii|(Porter) G.S.Ringius|monticola|(Porter) G.S.Ringius|info=Phytologia 70(6):397}}
{{../var1|1991|Solidago simplex|Kunth|monticola|(Porter) G.S.Ringius|info=Phytologia 70(6):397 - under ssp. randii }}
{{../ssp1|1991|Solidago simplex|Kunth|randii|(Porter) G.S.Ringius|info=Phytologia 70(6):397}}
{{../ssv1|1991|Solidago simplex|Kunth|randii|(Porter) G.S Ringius|randii|(Porter) Kartesz &amp; Gandhi|info=Phytologia 71(1):61–62}}
{{../var1|1991|Solidago simplex|Kunth|randii|(Porter) Kartesz &amp; Gandhi|info=Phytologia 71(1):61–62 - under ssp. randii }}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Rand's goldenrod
| en2     = Mountain goldenrod
| en3     = Rand's mountain goldenrod
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| c-rank  = 9
| nynhp   = 2&lt;ref&gt;{{../nynhp-ref|8827|Solidago simplex var. monticola|Threatened|S2|G5T4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|405|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSIR3|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = solidago/simplex
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250068791 &lt;!-- Solidago simplex var. monticola (Porter) G. S. Ringius --&gt;
| tro-id  = 2725287
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago simplex simplex1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago racemosa
| au-abbr = Greene
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    =
{{../spa1|1897|Solidago racemosa|Greene}}
{{../ssv1|1952|S. spathulata|DC.|randii|(Porter) Gleason|racemosa|(Greene) Gleason|info=Phytologia 4(1):25}}
{{../var1|1952|S. spathulata|DC.|racemosa|(Greene) Gleason|info=Phytologia 4(1):25 - under ssp. randii}}
{{../ssv1|1991|S. simplex|Kunth|randii|(Porter) G.S.Ringius|racemosa|(Greene) G.S.Ringius|info=Phytologia 70(6):398}}
{{../var1|1991|S. simplex|Kunth|racemosa|(Greene) G.S.Ringius|info=Phytologia 70(6):398 under ssp. randii}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Riverbank goldenrod
| en2     = Racemose goldenrod
| en3     = Rand's riverbank goldenrod
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 10
| nynhp   = 1&lt;ref&gt;{{../nynhp-ref|8826|Solidago simplex var. racemosa|Endangered|S1|G5T3}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|404|1|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSIR2|NN|}}
| note    = [http://acris.nynhp.org/guide.php?id=8826 nynhp]
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 566820 &lt;!-- Solidago simplex var. racemosa (Greene) G.S.Ringius --&gt;
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250068794 &lt;!-- Solidago simplex var. racemosa (Greene) G.S.Ringius --&gt;
| tro-id  = 2725093
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago simplex01.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Humiles|txt=(excluded)
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago spathulata
| au-abbr = DC.
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    =
{{../sn|1836|Solidago spathulata|DC.}}
{{../sn|1840|Homopappus spathulatus|(DC.) Nutt.}}
{{../sn|1891|Aster candollei|Kuntze}}
{{../var1|1994|S. simplex||spathulata|(DC.) Cronquist}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Coast goldenrod
| en2     = Dune goldenrod
| en3     = Mt. Albert goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| of      = western U. S.
| status1 = Excluded
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|X|869|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSIS4|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 36307 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250067573
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  =
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Junceae''=====

As its name suggests, '''early goldenrod''' (''Solidago juncea'') is one of the first goldenrods to flower.  If flowers from July through September.

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Junceae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago juncea
| author  = Aiton
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Solidago juncea|Aiton}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1842|S. arguta|var=juncea|var-au=Torr. &amp; A. Gray}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1891|S. juncea|var=ramosa|var-au=Porter &amp; Britton}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1947|S. juncea|var=neobohemica|var-au=Fernald}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Early goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d’or jonciforme 
| fr2     = Solidage élancée
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nwi1    =
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|266|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOJU|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3451
| gobot   = solidago/juncea
| its-id  = 36270
| ars-id  = 449814
| fna-id  = 242417288
| tro-id  = 2701326
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = SOJU
| nse-id  = Solidago+juncea
| bna-id  = Solidago%20juncea
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago juncea.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Maritimae''=====

{{../txt
| img = Seaside Goldenrod - Flickr - treegrow (1).jpg
| cap = ''Solidago sempervirens'',&lt;br&gt;northern seaside goldenrod 
| Subsection ''Maritimae''}} 

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Maritimae}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago sempervirens
| au-abbr = L.
| au-full = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1753.'' '''Solidago sempervirens'''  ''L. in Sp. Pl.:878
1768.''    Solidago carnosa          ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.:n°20
1768.''    Solidago glabra           ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.:n.°22
1768.''    Solidago integerrima      ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.:n.°24
1837.''    Leioligo lithospermifolia ''(Willd.) Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 2:42
1837.''    Dasiorima limonifolia     ''Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 2:43
1844.''    Solidago azorica          ''Hochst. ex Seub. in Fl. Azor.:31
1891.''    Aster sempervirens        ''(L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1:318
1915.''    Solidago sempervirens     ''var. ''sempervirens''
1935.''    Solidago sempervirens     ''var. ''typica Fernald in Rhodora 37:448''
2003.''    Solidago sempervirens     ''ssp. ''sempervirens''
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = '''Seaside goldenrod'''
| en2     = Salt-marsh goldenrod
| en3     = Evergreen goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or toujours verte
| fr2     = Solidage toujours verte
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 4
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Heliophily: 9 - Sun 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = S4, G5-T5
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|192|5 counties|Solidago sempervirens L. - northern seaside goldenrod - Coastal dunes, edges of salt marshes, and other maritime habitats. It also occurs inland along large road sides and thickets near salt processing areas. It is spreading in these inland habitats.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSES|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 6424
| vascan  = 3486
| gobot   = solidago/sempervirens
| its-id  = 36226 
| ars-id  = 34925
| fna-i1  = 250067570
| fna-i2  = Solidago_sempervirens
| tro-id  = 2718017
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = SOSES
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Solidago%20sempervirens
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago sempervirens L. (ASTERACEAE), Flor de Cubres.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago uliginosa
| author  = Nutt.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1834|Solidago uliginosa|Nutt.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1842|S. terrae-novae|Torr. &amp; A. Gray}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1891|Aster uliginosus|(Nutt.) Kuntze}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1891|Aster terrae-novae|(Torr. &amp; A. Gray) Kuntze}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Bog goldenrod
| en2     = Northern bog goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or des marais
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| c-rank  = 8
| nwi1    = OBL
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|203|3-4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOUL|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3499
| gobot   = solidago/uliginosa
| its-id  = 36317
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250067581
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago uliginosa kz1.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Nemorales''=====
{{../txt
|img=Solidago Nemoralis , Goldenrod - panoramio.jpg
|cap=''Solidago Nemoralis''&lt;br&gt;gray goldenrod
|'''Gray goldenrod''' grows in thin poor soil, usually thriving in dry sites with very few competing herbaceous plants.
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Nemorales|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago nemoralis | var0 = nemoralis
| au-abbr = Aiton
| au-full = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Solidago nemoralis|Aiton}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|||}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|||}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Gray goldenrod
| en2     = Old-field goldenrod
| en3     = Field goldenrod
| en4     = Dyersweed goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or des bois
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 3
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|229|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SONEN|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3465
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 417569
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = Solidago nemoralis var nemoralis NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago nemoralis.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Squarrosae''=====

{{:Flora of New York/txt
|img=Solidago bicolor 3, White Goldenrod, Howard County, Md, Helen Lowe Metzman 2019-10-23-10.10.50 ZS PMax UDR (49642238357).jpg
|cap=''Solidago bicolor''
|'''''Solidago''''' subsection '''''Squarrosae''''' &lt;small&gt;A. Gray&lt;/small&gt;  includes 9 to 14 species, mostly native to central and eastern North America.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phytoneuron.net/2017Phytoneuron/18PhytoN-Solidagospeciosacomplex.pdf Semple, J.C., L. Tong, and Y.A. Chong. 2017. Multivariate studies of Solidago subsect. Squarrosae. I. The Solidago speciosa complex (Asteraceae: Astereae). Phytoneuron 2017-18: 1–23. Published 16 March 2017. ISSN 2153 733X]&lt;/ref&gt;
Proposed ''Solidago speciosa'' segregation:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.inaturalist.org/flags/501223 iNaturalist Flag for Taxon: ''Solidago speciosa'' (Showy Goldenrod)]&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Solidago speciosa'' (s.l.) → [S. speciosa (s.s.), S. jejunifolia, S. pallida]
*''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''speciosa'' → ''Solidago speciosa'' (s.s.), ''Solidago jejunifolia''
*''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''jejunifolia'' → ''Solidago jejunifolia''
*''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''pallida'' → ''Solidago pallida''
*''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''rigidiuscula'' → ''Solidago rigidiuscula''
*''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''erecta'' → ''Solidago erecta''
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Squarrosae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago bicolor
| au-abbr = 
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../sn|||}}
|{{../sn|||}}
|{{../sn|||}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Silverrod
| en2     = Silver-rod
| en3     = White goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|283|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOBI|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = solidago/bicolor
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago bicolor - White Goldenrod.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago squarrosa
| author  = Nutt.
| en1     = Stout goldenrod
| en2     = Ragged goldenrod
| en3     = Squarrose goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 7
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|194|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSQ|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = solidago/squarrosa
| its-id  = 36314
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago squarrosa upper inflorescence (cropped).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago hispida
| var     = hispida
| en1     = Hairy goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 7
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|262|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOHI|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago hispida 5474998.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago puberula
| var     = puberula
| en1     = Downy goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7040|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOPUP2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago puberula01.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago speciosa
| author  = Nutt.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../spa1||Solidago speciosa|Nutt.}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Showy goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 5
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|193|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOSPS4|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Showy goldenrod plant solidago speciosa.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|X|subsect=Squarrosae|txt=(excluded&amp;nbsp;taxa)|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago erecta
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../spa1||Solidago porteri|}}
|{{../var1||S. speciosa||erecta}}
|{{../sn|||}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Showy goldenrod
| en2     = Porter's goldenrod
| en3     = Slender goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| of      = eastern U.S.
| status1 = Excluded
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| usda    = {{../usda|SOER|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250067542
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago erecta drawing-1.png
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Venosae''=====
{{../txt
|img=Solidago rugosa 5475380.jpg
|cap=''Solidago rugosa''&lt;br&gt;wrinkle-leaved goldenrod
|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Venosae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago rugosa
| author  = Mill.
| var0    = rugosa
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1768. ''    Solidago pilosa     ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 9
1768. ''    Solidago virginiana ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 11
1768. '' '''Solidago rugosa'''  ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 25
1768. ''    Solidago recurvata  ''Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 28
1813. ''    Solidago villosa    ''Pursh in Fl. Amer. Sept. 2:537
1908. ''    Solidago rugosa     ''var. ''villosa ''Fernald in Rhodora 10:91
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = Common wrinkle-leaved goldenrod &lt;br&gt; Wrinkle-leaved goldenrod &lt;br&gt; Rough-stemmed goldenrod &lt;br&gt; Tall hairy goldenrod &lt;br&gt; Butterweed
| fr-vns  = Verge d'or rugueuse &lt;br&gt; Solidage rugueuse
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 1
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|406|5|}}
| inatc   = {{../inat|238581-Solidago-rugosa-rugosa|Most counties|}}
| gbifc   = {{../gbif||present in NY|present in New York State}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SORUR|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 291910-2
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = solidago/rugosa
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = Solidago rugosa var rugosa NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago rugosa 5475350.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago rugosa
| var0    = aspera
| var-au  = (Aiton) Fernald
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1789. ''    Solidago aspera    ''Aiton in Hort. Kew. 3:212
1913. ''    Solidago aspera    ''var. ''axillaris '' Farw. in Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci.
1915. '' '''Solidago rugosa''' ''var. ''aspera (Aiton) Fernald   in Rhodora 17:7
1947, ''    Solidago rugosa    ''ssp. ''aspera (Aiton) Cronquist in Rhodora 49:78
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Southern wrinkle-leaved goldenrod
| en2     = Southern wrinkleleaf goldenrod
| en3     = Southern wrinkled goldenrod
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|222|1|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SORUA|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 240471-2
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = Solidago rugosa var aspera NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago rugosa - Flickr - peganum.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago rugosa
| var0    = sphagnophila
| var-au  = C.Graves
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1904. '' '''Solidago rugosa'''  ''var. '' '''sphagnophila''' ''C.Graves in Rhodora 6:183
1915. ''    Solidago aestivalis ''E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42:561
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Swamp wrinkleleaf goldenrod
| en2     = Swamp roughstem goldenrod
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|402|Z|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = Solidago rugosa var sphagnophila NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Solidago rugosa.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago ulmifolia
| author  = Muhl. ex Willd. (1803)
| var     = ulmifolia
| en1     = Elmleaf goldenrod
| en2     = Elm-leaved goldenrod
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 7
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|197|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOULU2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3500
| gobot   = Solidago/ulmifolia
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago ulmifolia kz3.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago odora
| var     = odora
| en1     = Sweet goldenrod
| en2     = Anise-scented goldenrod
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|269|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOODO|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago odora UGA1120250.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago latissimifolia
| sn1     = {{../sn||Solidago edisoniana|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Solidago elliottii|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Solidago elliptica|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Solidago mirabilis|}}
| en1     = Elliott's goldenrod
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 6
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|280|1|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOLA4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Solidago latissimifolia01.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago × asperula
| hp1     = Solidago rugosa
| hp2     = Solidago sempervirens
| en1     = {{../hybrid-of|wrinkle-leaved goldenrod|seaside goldenrod}}
| status  = Native
| status1 = No recent reports
| c-rank  = X
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|186|Z?|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOAS2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     = 
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Solidago'' subsect. ''Multiradiatae''=====

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Solidagininae|Solidago||Solidago|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Solidago|Goldenrod|566|32|subsect=Multiradiatae|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Solidago leiocarpa
| author  = DC.
| sn0     = {{../sn|1824|Solidago virgaurea|var=alpina|Bigelow}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1836|Solidago leiocarpa|DC.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1908|Solidago cutleri|Fernald}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|auct|S. multiradiata|var=arctica|non Fernald}}
| en1     = Cutler's goldenrod
| en2     = Alpine goldenrod
| en3     = Cutler's alpine goldenrod
| en4     = New England goldenrod
| fr1     = Verge d'or de Cutler
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nynhp   = 2&lt;ref&gt;{{../nynhp-ref|37475|Solidago leiocarpa|Threatened|S2|G4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|264|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SOCU2|NN|as Solidago cutleri Fernald}}
| vascan  = 3453
| gobot   = solidago/leiocarpa
| its-id  = 780516
| ars-id  = | not listed
| fna-id  = 250067553
| tro-id  = 50085513
| nse-id  = Solidago+leiocarpa | as Solidago cutleri Fernald
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Solidago leiocarpa nymap.svg
| image1  = Solidago leiocarpa BB-1913.png
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

==Subtribe Boltoniinae==

===''Boltonia''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Boltoniinae|Boltonia|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Boltonia|Doll's daisy|667|2|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Boltonia asteroides
| author  = (L.) L'Hér.
| var     = asteroides
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = White doll's daisy
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|366|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|BOASA|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 526939
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Boltonia+asteroides
| bna-id  = Boltonia%20asteroides
| map     = 
| image1  = Boltonia asteroides NRCS-1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Boltonia asteroides
| var     = recognita
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = Boltonia recognita
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = White doll's daisy
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|476|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|BOASR|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Boltonia+asteroides
| bna-id  = Boltonia%20asteroides
| map     = 
| image1  = Boltoniaasteroides.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

==Subtribe Machaerantherinae==

The Machaerantherinae contains the '''tansyasters''' and '''gumweeds''', which are native to western North America, but several of their species have naturalized in New York State.

===''Xanthisma''===

The ''Xanthisma'' genus, known as '''sleepy-daisy'''.

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Machaerantherinae|Xanthisma|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Xanthisma|Sleepy-daisy|1197|1|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Xanthisma gracile 
| au-abbr = (Nutt.) D.R.Morgan &amp; R.L.Hartm.
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../sn|1848|Dieteria gracilis|Nutt.}}
|{{../sn|1849|Haplopappus gracilis|(Nutt.) A.Gray}}
|{{../sn|1894|Eriocarpum gracile|(Nutt.) Greene}}
|{{../sn|1904|Sideranthus gracilis|(Nutt.) A.Nelson}}
|{{../sn|1950|Machaeranthera gracilis||(Nutt.) Shinners}}
|{{../sn|1962|Haplopappus ravenii|R.C.Jacks.}}
|{{../sn|2003|Xanthisma gracile||(Nutt.) D.R.Morgan &amp; R.L.Hartm.}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Slender goldenweed
| en2     = Grass-leaved tansy-aster
| en3     = Annual Bristleweed
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = southwest U.S.
| from1   = northern Mexico
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Impersistent
| status3 = Not naturalized
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|432|Xm|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|MAGR10|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 452984
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50246951
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = MAGR10
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Xanthisma%20gracile
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

===''Machaeranthera''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Machaerantherinae|Machaeranthera|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Machaeranthera|Tansyaster|106|3|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Machaeranthera tanacetifolia
| author  = (Kunth) Nees
| en1     = Tansey-aster
| en2     = Tansey-leaved tansyaster
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Not naturalized
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7016|Xm|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|MATA2|NN|}}
| image1  = Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 001.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

===''Dieteria''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Machaerantherinae|Dieteria|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Dieteria|Tansyaster|106|1||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Dieteria canescens
| author  = (Pursh) Nutt.
| var     = canescens
| sn0     = {{../sn||Machaeranthera canescens|ssp1=canescens|}}
| en1     = Desert aster
| en2     = Hoary aster
| en3     = Hoary tansyaster
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Impersistent
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7015|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|MACAC3|NN|}}
| note    = [http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=780878 ITIS]
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Dieteria canescens var canescens 8.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

===''Grindelia''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Machaerantherinae|Grindelia|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Grindelia|Gumweed|546|3||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Grindelia hirsutula
| author  = Hook. &amp; Arn.
| en1     = Hairy gumweed
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Impersistent
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7185|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|GRHI|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Grindeliahirsutula.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Grindelia squarrosa
| author  = (Pursh) Dunal
| var     = serrulata
| en1     = Curlycup gumweed
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = Questionable&lt;ref&gt;The only  vouchered specimen of ''Grindelia squarrosa'' var. ''serrulata'' was found at Cornell University (Tompkins County) and turned out to be ''G. hirsutula''.&lt;/ref&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6997|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|GRSQS|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Grindelia squarrosa var serrulata 6.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Grindelia squarrosa
| author  = (Pursh) Dunal
| var     = squarrosa
| en1     = Curlycup gumweed
| en2     = Tarweed
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6998|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|GRSQS2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Grindelia/squarrosa
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Grindelia squarrosa var squarrosa NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Grindelia squarrosa 1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

==Subtribe Symphyotrichinae==

The {{fny-w|Symphyotrichinae}}...

===''Doellingeria''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Doellingeria|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Doellingeria|Whitetop|43|2|||author=Nees
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Doellingeria umbellata | var0 = umbellata
| author  = (Mill.) Nees
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn1     = Aster umbellatus ''Mill.''
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Parasol whitetop
| en2     = Tall flat-topped white aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 4
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Heliophily: 8 - Sun
| chro-no = 2n = 18
| ny-rank = S5, G5-T5
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|424|50 counties|50 counties}}
| inatc   = {{../inat|240361-Doellingeria-umbellata-umbellata|Orange County|Orange County}}
| gbifc   = {{../gbif||present in NY|present in New York State}}
| usda    = {{../usda|DOUMU|NN|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| col-id  = 
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| fsus    = 5950
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Doellingeria/umbellata
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-i2  = Doellingeria_umbellata_var._umbellata
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = DOUMU
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Doellingeria umbellata var umbellata NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Doellingeria umbellata kz5.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Doellingeria infirma
| author  = (Michx.) Greene
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1803|Aster infirmus|Michx.}}
{{../sp-1|1803|A. humilis|Willd.}}
{{../var1|1888|A. umbellatus|Mill.|humilis|(Willd.) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.}}
{{../sp-1|1896|D. infirma|(Michx.) Greene }}
{{../sp-1|1898|D. humilis|(Willd.) Britton|}}
{{../ssp1|1912|D. umbellata||humilis|(Willd.) W.Stone}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Cornel-leaf whitetop
| en2     = Cornel-leaved aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|Doellingeria|4|Doellingeria infirma (Michx.) Greene - cornel-leaved white aster - Oak-hickory forests and forests and woodlands of a southern affinity. Rocky or thin dry-mesic soils with a thin herbaceous layer. Not common at sites and often occurring in relatively thin small patches.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|DOIN2|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Doellingeria/infirma
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434088
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 2726519
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = DOIN2
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Doellingeria infirma NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Doellingeria infirma - Cornel Leaved Aster.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Doellingeria umbellata
| author  = (Mill.) Nees
| var     = pubens
| var-au  = (A.Gray) Britton
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../var1|1884|Aster umbellatus|Mill.|pubens|A.Gray}}
{{../var1|1898|D. umbellata|(Mill.) Nees|pubens|(A.Gray) Britton}}
{{../sp-1|1947|A. pubentior Cronquist}}
{{../ssp1|1982|D. umbellata|(Mill.) Nees|pubens| (A.Gray) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Parasol whitetop |}}
{{../vn1||}}
{{../vn1||}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| fr-vns  = 
{{../vn1||}}
{{../vn1||}}
{{../vn1||}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| status1 = Excluded
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|X|495|EXCLUDED}}
| usda    = {{../usda|DOUMP2|NN|north and west of NYS}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 461400
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50008560
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = DOUMP2
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Excluded nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Doellingeria sericocarpoides
| author  = Small
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../var1|1884|Aster umbellatus|Mill.|latifolius|A. Gray}}
{{../sp-1|1898|D. sericocarpoides|Small}}
{{../sp-1|1900|A. sericocarpoides||(Small) K.Schum.}}
{{../var1|1924|D. umbellata|(Mill.) Nees|latifolia|(A. Gray) House}}
{{../var1|1940|A. umbellatus|Mill.|brevisquamus|Fernald}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Southern whitetop
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| status1 = Excluded
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|X|581|EXCLUDED}}
| usda    = {{../usda|DOSE|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434059
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50008550
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| map     = Excluded nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

===''Symphyotrichum''===

{{:Flora of New York/txt
|Classification from FNA as summarized in [https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/asters/symphyotrichum/classification-symphyotrichum University of Waterloo, Astereae Lab website].

The genus ''Symphyotrichum'' ('''American Asters''') contains:
*Subg. ''Ascendentes'' (Allopolyploid Asters)
*Subg. ''Astropolium'' (Salt Marsh Asters)
*Subg. ''Chapmaniani'' (Savannah Asters)
*Subg. ''Symphyotrichum'' (Common American Asters)
*Subg. ''Virgulus'' (Virguloid Asters)
}}

====''Symphyotrichum'' subg. ''Symphyotrichum''====

{{:Flora of New York/txt
|Subgenus ''Symphyotrichum'' ('''Common American Asters''') contains sections: 
*Sect. ''Conyzopsis'' (Short-rayed Asters)
*Sect. ''Occidentales'' (Foliaceous Asters)
*Sect. ''Symphyotrichum'' (Bushy, Eastern, Heart-leaved, and Old Field Asters)
*Sect. ''Turbinelli'' (Prairie Asters)
}}

=====''Symphyotrichum'' sect. ''Symphyotrichum''=====

{{:Flora of New York/txt
|Section ''Symphyotrichum'' ('''Bushy, Eastern, Heart-leaved, and Old Field Asters''') contains subsections: 
*Subsect. ''Dumosi'' (Bushy Asters)
*Subsect. ''Heterophylli'' (Heart-leaf Panicled Asters)
*Subsect. ''Porteriani'' (Old Field Asters)
*Subsect. ''Symphyotrichum'' (Eastern American Asters)
}}

======''Symphyotrichum'' subsect. ''Heterophylli''======

{{../txt
|img=Aster lowrieanus 2017-05-07 0157.jpg
|cap=''Aster lowrieanus''&lt;br&gt;Lowrie’s aster
|Subsection '''''Heterophylli''''' &lt;small&gt;(Nees) Semple&lt;/small&gt; includes the '''heart-leaved panicled asters'''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/symphyotrichum-heterophylli John C. Semple (2018) &quot;''Symphyotrichum Heterophylli'' - Heart-Leaf Panicled Asters.&quot; ''Astereae Lab''. University of Waterloo, Ontario ]&lt;/ref&gt;}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Heterophylli|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Heart-leaved asters|890|35|subsect=Heterophylli
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum cordifolium
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster cordifolius|L.}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1803|A. sagittifolius|Wedem. ex Willd.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1894|A. lowrieanus|var=incisus|Porter}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1903|A. plumarius|E.S.Burgess}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1941|A. finkii|var=moratus|Shinners}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1995|S. sagittifolium|G.L.Nesom}}
| sn6     = {{../sn|1995|S. cordifolium|G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Heartleaf aster
| en2     = Heart-leaved aster
| en3     = Common blue wood aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|508|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYCO4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/cordifolium
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434202
| fna-id  = 250067634
| tro-id  = 50042346
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20cordifolium
| map     =  
| image1  = Symphyotrichum cordifolium BW-8261 (cropped).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum lowrieanum
| author  = (Porter) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../var1|1889|Aster cordifolius||laevigatus|Porter}}
{{../sp-1|1894|Aster lowrieanus|Porter}}
{{../ssp1|1980|Aster cordifolius||laevigatus|A.G.Jones}}
{{../sp-1|1995|S. lowrieanum|(Porter) G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Fall aster
| en2     = Lowrie's blue wood aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|409|4|Symphyotrichum lowrieanum (Porter) G. L. Nesom - fall aster - Dry rocky forested slopes, edges of forests, and occasionally fields. This species resembles S. cordifolium although it is distinct and is much less frequent than S. cordifolium. Symphyotrichum lowrieanum perhaps prefers more calcareous, drier, and more open habitats than S. cordifolium.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYLO2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/lowrieanum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 433875
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50042348
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20cordifolium
| map     =  
| image1  = Symphyotrichum lowrieanum BW-8233 (cropped).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum laeve
| author  = (L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve
| var0    = laeve
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = &lt;poem&gt;
1753. ''    Aster laevis            ''L. in Sp. Pl.: 876
1982. '' '''Symphyotrichum laeve''' ''(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve in Taxon 31:359
&lt;/poem&gt;
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Smooth blue aster 
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|467|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYLAL3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/laeve
| map     = Symphyotrichum laeve var laeve NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Aster laevis, jardín botánico de Tallinn, Estonia, 2012-08-13, DD 01.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum undulatum
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom 
| en1     = Wavy-leaved aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|449|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYUN|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/undulatum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum undulatum 233814653.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum urophyllum
| author  = (Lindl.) G.L.Nesom 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster hirtellus|Lindl.|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster urophyllus|Lindl.|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster sagittifolius|var=urophyllus|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Arrow-leaved aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|444|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYUR|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/urophyllum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum urophyllum 50180817.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum oolentangiense
| author  = (Riddell) G.L.Nesom 
| var     = oolentangiense
| en1     = Skyblue aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|437|1|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYOO|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/oolentangiense
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  =
| kew-id  =
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum oolentangiense imported from iNaturalist photo 52638885 on 25 June 2020.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum ciliolatum
| author  = (Lindl.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster ciliolatus|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster lindleyanus|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster maccallae|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster saundersii|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Aster subgeminatus|}}
| sn5     = {{../sn||Aster wilsonii|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Lindley's aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|464|1|Endangered}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYCI|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/ciliolatum
| image1  = Symphyotrichum ciliolatum 47091100.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum × schistosum 
| author  = (E.S.Steele) G.L.Nesom
| hp1     = Symphyotrichum cordifolium
| hp2     = Symphyotrichum laeve ''var.'' laeve
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1911|Aster schistosus|E.S.Steele}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1911|A. × schistosus|E.S.Steele}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1994|S. schistosum|G.L.Nesom}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1994|S. × schistosum|G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = {{../hybrid-of|Heartleaf aster|Smooth blue aster}}
| fr1     = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = 
| status1 = 
| nwi1    =
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|||}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

======''Symphyotrichum'' subsect. ''Dumosi''======

{{../txt
|img=Calico Asters 25 September 2012.jpg
|cap=''Symphyotrichum lateriflorum''
|The '''Dumosi asters''' (''Symphyotrichum'' subsect. ''Dumosi'') asters native to most of North America, Mexico and the northern West Indies.&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/asters/symphyotrichum/symphyotrichum-subsect-dumosi J.C. Semple (2015), ''Astereae Lab'' website, University of Waterloo. Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.]&lt;/ref&gt; There are about eight species (13 taxa overall) of this subsection that are native to New York State.

The USDA-NRCS Plants database list the four varieties of '''calico aster''' (''Symphyotrichum lateriflorum'') as present in New York. However, the ''New York Flora Atlas'', citing ''Flora of North America'' (Brouillet et al. 2006), does not attempt to break the species down into infraspecific taxa.
}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Dumosi|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|American aster|890|35|subsect=Dumosi
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum lateriflorum
| author  = (L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1753|Solidago lateriflora|L.}}
{{../sp-1|1783|Aster vimineus|Lam.}}
{{../sp-1|1829|A. horizontalis|Desf.|}}
{{../sp-1|1889|A. lateriflorus|(L.) Britton|}}
{{../var1|1895|A. lateriflorus|(L.) Britton|horizontalis|(Desf.) Farw.}}
{{../var1|1898|A. lateriflorus||pendulus||}}
{{../sp-1|1903|A. agrostifolius|Burgess}}
{{../var1|1928|A. lateriflorus|(L.) Britton|angustifolius|Wiegand}}
{{../var1|1928|A. lateriflorus|(L.) Britton|tenuipes|Wiegand}}
{{../sp-1|1944|A. acadiensis|Shinners}}
{{../sp-1|1982|Sy. lateriflorum|(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve}}
{{../var1|1995|Sy. lateriflorum|(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve|angustifolium|G.L.Nesom}}
{{../var1|1995|Sy. lateriflorum|(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve|tenuipes|G.L.Nesom}}
{{../var1|1995|Sy. lateriflorum|(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve|horizontale|(Desf.) G.L. Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Calico aster
| en2     = Calico American-aster 
| en3     = One-sided aster 
| en4     = Small white aster 
| en5     = White woodland aster
| en6     = Starved aster
| en7     = Slender-stalked calico aster
| fr1     = Aster latériflore 
| fr8     = Aster à pédoncule mince
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nwi1    = FAC
| nwi2    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|425|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYLA4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3555
| gobot   = symphyotrichum/lateriflorum
| its-id  = 522220
| ars-id  = 406894
| fna-id  = 250067657
| tro-id  = 2701360
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Symphyotrichum+lateriflorum
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20lateriflorum
| map     = Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var lateriflorum NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Symphyotrichum lateriflorum 104409742 (9x16).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
| author  = (Willd.) G.L.Nesom 
| var     = lanceolatum
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = {{../snl
|{{../sn| |Aster simplex|Willd.}}
}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = White panicle aster
| en2     = Lance-leaved Aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nwi1    = FACW
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|452|5|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom var. lanceolatum - lance-leaved aster}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYLAL4|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/lanceolatum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Symphyotrichum lanceolatum - Lance Leaf Aster.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
| author  = (Willd.) G.L.Nesom 
| var     = interior
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster interior|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster lanceolatus|ssp=interior|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster simplex|var=interior|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = White panicle aster
| en2     = Lance-leaved Aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| nwi1    = FACW
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|504|Z|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYLAI3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/lanceolatum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Астра ланцетная KR 03.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum dumosum
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster dumosus|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1995|S. dumosum|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Bushy aster
| en2     = Rice-button aster
| en3     = Short-stalk aster
| fr1     = Aster nain d'automne
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|450|3-4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYDU2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/dumosum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 406990
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum dumosum 100127283.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum ontarionis
| author  = (Wiegand) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1928|Aster ontarionis|Wiegand}}
{{../sp-1|1931|Aster pantotrichus|S.F.Blake}}
{{../sp-1|1995|Symphyotrichum ontarionis||(Wiegand) G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Bottomland aster|2021 Astereae Lab}}
{{../vn1|Ontario aster|2021 Astereae Lab}}
| fr-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Aster du lac Ontario|2021 Astereae Lab}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Bottomland aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|411|3|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/ontarionis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = Symphyotrichum ontarionis var ontarionis NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Symphyotrichum ontarionis 102149320.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum praealtum
| author  = (Poir.) G.L. Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1783|Aster salicifolius|Lam.}}
{{../sp-1|1841|Aster carneus|T.&amp; G.}}
{{../sp-1||S. praealtum|(Poir.) G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Willowleaf aster
| en2     = Willow-leaved aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6961|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPRP|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = symphyotrichum/praealtum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| note    = &lt;ref&gt;The ''New York Flora Atlas'' is not clear which of the two varieties of ''Symphyotrichum praealtum'' occur in NY&lt;/ref&gt;
| image1  = Symphyotrichum praealtum 99990240.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum racemosum
| author  = (Elliott) G.L.Nesom 
| en1     = Small white aster
| en2     = Smooth white&lt;br&gt;&amp;emsp; &amp;emsp; oldfield aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|427|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYRA5|NX|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = symphyotrichum/racemosum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum racemosum.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum tradescantii
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom 
| en1     = Shore aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6962|4-5|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = symphyotrichum/tradescantii
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| usda    = {{../usda|SYTR|NN|}}
| image1  = Symphyotrichum tradescantii inflorescence.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum boreale
| author  = (Torr. &amp; Gray) A.&amp; D. Löve
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster borealis|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster franklinianus|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster junceus|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster junciformis|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Aster laxifolius|var=borealis|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Boreal aster
| en2     = Northern bog aster
| en3     = Rush American-aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|463|2|Native, Threatened}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYBO2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = symphyotrichum/boreale
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Symphyotrichum boreale 50895561.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum boreale × lanceolatum
| sp-disp = S. boreale × lanceolatum
| hp1     = Symphyotrichum boreale
| hp2     = Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
| en1     = {{../hybrid-of|Boreal aster|Calico aster}}
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unranked
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|457|U|Monroe only 1918}}
| usda    = &lt;!-- not listed --&gt;
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

======''Symphyotrichum'' subsect. ''Porteriani''======

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Porteriani|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35||subsect=Porteriani
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum pilosum
| author  = (Willd.) Nesom
| var     = pilosum
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster ericoides|var=platyphyllus|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster ericoides|var=villosus|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster juniperinus|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster pilosus|var=pilosus|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Aster pilosus|var=platyphyllus|}}
| sn5     = {{../sn||Aster ramosissimus|}}
| sn6     = {{../sn||Aster villosus|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Frost-weed aster
| en2     = Hairy white old-field aster
| en3     = Awl American-aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|429|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPIP3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/pilosum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434280
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum pilosum var pilosum NRCS-1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum pilosum
| author  = (Willd.) Nesom
| var     = pringlei
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster ericoides|var=pringlei|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster faxonii|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster pilosus|var=demotus|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster pilosus|var=pringlei|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Aster polyphyllus|}}
| sn5     = {{../sn||Aster pringlei|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Pringle's aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|440|4?|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPIP2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum pilosum pringlei Tennessee (cropped).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table}}

======''Symphyotrichum'' subsect. ''Symphyotrichum''======

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|subsect=Symphyotrichum|890|35|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum prenanthoides
| author  = (Muhl. ex Willd.) G.L. Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster prenanthoides|Muhl. ex Willd.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Crookedstem aster
| en2     = Crooked-stemmed aster
| en3     = Zig-zag aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| wetland = FAC
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|441|5|Swamps, wet ditches, thickets, stream banks and gravel bars, and seepage areas. Usually in wet to wet-mesic soil or soils that are seasonally wet. Often with some amount of canopy cover although most robust in open sites.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPR6|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/prenanthoides
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum prenanthoides 115225096.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum puniceum
| author  = (L.) Á. Löve &amp; D. Löve
| var     = puniceum
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1753|Aster puniceus|L.}}
{{../sp-1|1951|Aster calderi|B.Boivin}}
{{../sp-1|1953|Aster scabricaulis|Shinners}}
{{../sp-1|1982|Symphyotrichum puniceum||(L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Purple-stemmed aster
| en2     = Swamp aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| wetland = OBL
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|428|5|Swamps, marshes, fens, wet thickets, stream banks, and ditches. A common aster of various wetland types and usually not too weedy.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPUP|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/puniceum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250068857
| tro-id  = 50112017
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Symphyotrichum puniceum iNat-13630849.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum firmum
| author  = (Nees) G.L. Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn|1818|Aster firmus|Nees}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1841|A. puniceus|var=firmus|Torr.&amp; A.Gray}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1884|A. puniceus|var=lucidulus|A.Gray}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1924|A. lucidulus|(A.Gray) Wiegand}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1984|A. puniceus|ssp=firmus|A.G.Jones}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1994|S. firmum|(Nees) G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Glossy-leaved aster
| en2     = Shining aster
| en3     = Smooth swamp aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7146|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPUP|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     = 
| cos     = Schuyler, Seneca, St.Lawrence, Tompkins
| image1  = Symphyotrichum firmum iNat-50995051 (3x4).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| var     = novi-belgii
| en1     = New York aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| wetland = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|414|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYNON|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii Aster novi-belgii HabitusInflorescences BotGardBln0906.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| var     = elodes
| var-au  = (Torr. &amp; A. Gray) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1||Aster elodes|Torr. &amp; A.Gray}}
{{../var1||S. novi-belgii|(L.) G.L.Nesom|elodes|(Torr. &amp; A. Gray) G.L. Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Narrow-leaved New York aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Unranked
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|7531|U|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYNOE|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Flowers ab1.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|subsect=Symphyotrichum|890|X|txt=(excluded&amp;nbsp;taxa)|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| var     = crenifolium
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1||Aster crenifolius|}}
{{../sp-1||Symphyotrichum crenifolium|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Newfoundland aster|USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| status1 = Excluded
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|X|588|EXCLUDED}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYNOC|0N|Quebec only}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii flowers and a bee.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum novi-belgii
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| var     = villicaule
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster gaspensis|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster johannensis|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster longifolius villicaulis|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Aster novi-belgii johannensis|}}
| sn4     = {{../sn||Aster novi-belgii villicaulis|}}
| sn5     = {{../sn||Aster tardiflorus vestitus|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Hairy New York aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = N. America native
| status1 = Excluded
| wetland = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|X|589|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYNOV|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

=====''Symphyotrichum'' sect. ''Conyzopsis''=====

The asters of sect. ''Conyzopsis'' are found in moist saline soils.[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/symphyotrichum-sect-conyzopsis]

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Symphyotrichum|Conyzopsis|
}}
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|||sect=Conyzopsis
}}
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum ciliatum 
| au-abbr = 
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster brachyactis|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Brachyactis angusta|}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Brachyactis ciliata|}}
| sn3     = {{../sn||Tripolium angustum|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Alkali American-aster
| en2     = Rayless alkali aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = western N. America
| status1 = N. America native
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|252|X|not native}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYCI2|NN|Native:L48,CAN,AK}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/ciliatum
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Symphyotrichum+ciliatum
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20ciliatum
| map     = 
| image1  = Symphyotrichum ciliatum drawing.png
}}
|}

====''Symphyotrichum'' subg. ''Virgulus''====
{{../txt
|img=Symphyotrichum novae-angliae Herisau 03.jpg
|cap=''Symphyotrichum novae-angliae''&lt;br&gt;New England aster
|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Virgulus|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Polyliguli
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster novae-angliae|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1995|S. novae-angliae|G.L.Nesom}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Virgulus × novae-angliae||Reveal &amp; Keener}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = New England aster
| en2     = New England American aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 1
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Part shade
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6960|5|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYNO2|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/novae-angliae
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = SYNO2
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| fws-id  = 
| bug-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Simplicius 006 Flower.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Ericoidei
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum ericoides
| var     = ericoides
| var-au  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster ericoides|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1994|S. ericoides|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = White heath aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 1
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|506|5|Native secure}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYERE|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Symphyotrichum/ericoides
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Aster ericoides HEATH ASTER (3204254495).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Ericoidei × Polyliguli
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum × amethystinum
| author  = (Nutt.) G. L. Nesom
| hp1     = S. ericoides (2n=10)
| hp2     = S. novae-angliae (2n=10)
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1840|Aster amethystinus|Nutt.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Lasallea × amethystina||Semple &amp; L.Brouillet}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Virgulus × amethystinus||Reveal &amp; Keener}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Amethyst aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|237|1?|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Ny hybrid.svg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Patentes
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum patens
| var-au  = (Aiton) G.L.Nesom
| var     = patens
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Aster patens|Aiton}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1995|S. patens|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Late purple aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|438|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPAP2|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Symphyotrichum patens - Late Purple Aster.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum phlogifolium
| author  = (Muhl. ex Willd.) G.L.Nesom 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1803|Aster phlogifolius|Muhl. ex Willd.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1832|Aster patens|var=phlogifolius|Nees}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1981|Virgulus patens|var1=phlogifolius|Reveal &amp; Keener}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1995|S. phlogifolium|G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = {{../en|Thin-leaved|late purple aster}}
| en2     = Thinleaf late purple aster
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Likely secure(?)
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|433|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYPH3|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434278
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50274272
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20phlogifolium
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Concolores
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum concolor
| var-au  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
| var     = concolor
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster concolor|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1924|Aster plumosus|Small}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1924|Aster simulatus|Small}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1980|Lasallea concolor|Semple &amp; Brouillet}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1981|Virgulus concolor|Reveal &amp; Keener}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1995|S. concolor|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Eastern silvery aster
| en2     = Eastern silver aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|465|1|Endangered}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYCO3|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434201
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 50112587
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Symphyotrichum concolor drawing 01.png
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|subg=Virgulus|sect=Grandiflori 
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum oblongifolium
| author  = (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn|1818|Aster oblongifolius|Nutt.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1980|Lasallea oblongifolia||Semple &amp; Brouillet}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1981|Virgulus oblongifolius||Reveal &amp; Keener}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1994|S. oblongifolium|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Oblong-leaved aster
| en2     = Aromatic aster
| en3     = Shale aster
| fr1     = 
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = N. America native
| status2 = No reports
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|0|0|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYOB|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 434268
| fna-id  = 250067664
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| nse-id  = Symphyotrichum+oblongifolium
| bna-id  = Symphyotrichum%20oblongifolium
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Aromatic aster (cropped).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

====''Symphyotrichum'' subg. ''Astropolium''====

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Symphyotrichinae|Symphyotrichum|Astropolium|
}}
{{../genus|Symphyotrichum|Aster|890|35|||subg=Astropolium
}}
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum tenuifolium
| var     = tenuifolium
| en1     = Perennial salt-marsh aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|448|3|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|SYTE6|N0|}}
| image1  = 
}}
{{../taxon
| species = Symphyotrichum subulatum
| var     = subulatum
| en1     = Eastern annual saltmarsh aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|214|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| image1  = Symphyotrichum subulatum NRCS-1.jpg
}}
{{../end table|Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium|
}}

==Subtribe &quot;eurybioid asters&quot;==

{{../txt|The unplaced '''&quot;eurybioid asters&quot;''' include the genera ''Oreostemma, Herrickia, Eurybia'', and ''Triniteurybia'', of which, only ''Eurybia'' contains species that are native to New York.}}

===''Eurybia''===

{{../txt|''Eurybia'' contains what Semple (2014) calls the &quot;Eurybian Asters.&quot; It is separated here according to Semple's morphologically based intra-generic classification. Of the New York native ''Eurybia'' species, those of sect. ''Eurybia'' (''Biotia'') have heart-shaped (cordate) basal leaves, while those of sect. ''Calliastrum'' have oblanceolate or obovate basal leaves.&lt;ref&gt;
[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/asters/eurybia J.C. Semple (2014), &quot;''Eurybia'', Eurybian Asters.&quot;  ''Asterceae Lab'' website. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 15 Feb. 2014]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/dkey/eurybia/#all &quot;''Eurybia'',&quot; ''Go Botany'' website. New England Wild Flower Society.]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&amp;taxon_id=112402 Luc Brouillet (2006), &quot;''Eurybia'' (Cassini) Cassini in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 16: 46. 1820.&quot; ''Flora of North America'', Vol. 20. Asteraceae.]&lt;/ref&gt;}}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|unplaced|Eurybia|Eurybia|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Eurybia|Wood aster|1035|3|subg=Eurybia|sect=Eurybia (Biotia)|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia macrophylla
| author  = (L.) Cass.
| sn0     = {{../sn|1763|Aster macrophyllus|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1825|Eurybia jussiei|Cass.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1825|Eurybia macrophylla|(L.) Cass.}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1836|Biotia latifolia|DC.}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1836|Biotia macrophylla|(L.) DC.}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1898|Aster multiformis|E.S.Burgess}}
| sn6     = {{../sn|1903|Aster riciniatus|E.S.Burgess}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Large-leaved aster
| en2     = Big-leaved aster
| en3     = Largeleaf wood aster
| en4     = Bigleaf wood aster
| fr1     = Aster à grandes feuilles
| fr2     = Aster à grandes feuille
| fr3     = Rétouane
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|466|5|Dry-mesic to mesic forests and woodlands. Eurybia macrophylla does particularly well on the edges of these habitats.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUMA27|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3149
| gobot   = eurybia/macrophylla
| its-id  = 513449
| ars-id  = 434126
| fna-id  = 250066753
| tro-id  = 50008725
| lbj-id  = EUMA27
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Eurybia macrophylla 5475392.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia divaricata
| author  = (L.) G.L.Nesom
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1753|Aster divaricatus|L.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1789|Aster corymbosus|Sol. ex Aiton}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1836|Biotia corymbosa|DC.}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1898|Aster tenebrosus|E.S.Burgess}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1903|Aster boykinii|E.S.Burgess}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1994|Eurybia divaricata|(L.) G.L.Nesom}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = White wood-aster
| en2     = Heart-leaved aster
| en3     = White heartleaf aster
| fr1     = Aster à rameaux étalés
| fr2     = Aster divariqué
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|507|5|Dry-mesic to mesic deciduous to mixed coniferous-deciduous forests and woodlands. It does very well on the edges of these habitats. Also on trail and woods road margins. This species is sometimes the dominant herbaceous species in forested habitats although it is not an aggressive plant.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUDI16|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3148
| gobot   = eurybia/divaricata
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 250048211
| tro-id  = 50008677
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = EUDI16
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| fws-id  = 
| bug-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Eurybia divaricata SCA-04310.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia schreberi
| author  = (Nees) Nees
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1818|Aster schreberi|Nees}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1832|Eurybia schreberi|(Nees) Nees}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1832|Eurybia glomerata|Nees}}
| sn3     = {{../sn|1836|Biotia glomerata|(Nees) DC.}}
| sn4     = {{../sn|1836|Biotia schreberi|(Nees) DC.}}
| sn5     = {{../sn|1955|Aster chasei|G.N.Jones}}
| sn6     = {{../sn|1969|Aster macrophyllus|var1=schreberi|(Nees) F.Seym.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Schreber's aster
| fr1     = Aster de Schreber
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|445|5|Eurybia schreberi (Nees) Nees - Schreber's aster - Dry-mesic to mesic forests and woodlands particularly on the edges of these habitats, non-weedy open road banks, and occasionally on stream banks.}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUSC5|NN|}}
| vascan  = 3154
| gobot   = eurybia/schreberi
| its-id  = 513458
| ars-id  = 434138
| fna-id  = 250066760
| tro-id  = 50008743
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Eurybia schreberi as Aster schreberi BB-1913.png|height1=120
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Eurybia|Inter-sectional hybrid aster|1035|1|subg=Eurybia|sect=Eurybia × Calliastrum|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia × herveyi
| author  = (A.Gray) G.L.Nesom
| hp1     = Eurybia macrophylla
| hp2     = Eurybia spectabilis
| en1     = Hervey's aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Very vulnerable
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|481|2?|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUHE9|N0|CT, MA, NJ, NY, RI only}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = eurybia/macrophylla
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Eurybia × herveyi BB-1913.png
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Eurybia|Aster|1035|2|subg=Eurybia|sect=Calliastrum|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia spectabilis
| author  = (Aiton) G.L.Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Aster spectabilis|Aiton|}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1995|Eurybia spectabilis|G.L.Nesom}}
| en1     = Eastern showy aster
| en2     = Purple wood-aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Threatened
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|447|2|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EUSP3|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = eurybia/spectabilis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Eurybia spectabilis kz2.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Eurybia radula
| author  = (Aiton) G.L.Nesom
| sn0     = {{../sn||Aster radula|Aiton}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Aster radula|var=strictus}}
| sn2     = {{../sn||Aster strictus|Pursh, non Poir.}}
| en1     = Rough-leaved aster
| en2     = Low rough aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = No recent reports
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|443|H|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|EURA10|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = eurybia/radula
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| image1  = Rough-leaved-Asters-c (21064973540).gif
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

==Subtribe Chrysopsidinae==

{{../txt|The Chrysopsidinae contains the '''golden-asters''' and '''camphor-weeds'''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://uwaterloo.ca/astereae-lab/research/goldenasters J.C. Semple (2013). &quot;The Goldenasters.&quot; ''Astereae Lab'' website. University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 30 Oct. 2013]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

===''Pityopsis''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Chrysopsidinae|Pityopsis|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Pityopsis|Silkgrass|174|1||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Pityopsis falcata
| author  = (Pursh) Nutt.
| sn1     = ''Chrysopsis falcata'' (Pursh) Elliott&lt;br&gt;
| sn2     = ''Heterotheca falcata'' (Pursh) V.L.Harms
| en1     = Sickleleaf silkgrass
| en2     = Sickle-leaved golden-aster
| en3     = Sickle-leaved silkgrass
| status  = Native
| status1 = Vulnerable
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|239|3?|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|PIFA|NX|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     =  nymap.svg
| image1  = Pityopsis falcata BB-1913.png
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

===''Chrysopsis''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Chrysopsidinae|Chrysopsis|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Chrysopsis|Golden aster|990|1|CHRYS7|1|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Chrysopsis mariana
| author  = (L.) Elliott
| en1     = Maryland goldenaster
| en2     = Maryland golden aster
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|393|4|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|CHMA14|N0|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Chrysopsis mariana - Maryland Golden Aster.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

===''Heterotheca''===

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Chrysopsidinae|Heterotheca|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Heterotheca|False golden aster|632|1||n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Heterotheca subaxillaris
| author  = (Lam.) Britton &amp; Rusby
| ssp     = latifolia
| ssp-au  = (Buckley) Semple
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1789|Inula subaxillaris|Lam.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1862|Heterotheca latifolia|Buckley}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|2004|Heterotheca subaxillaris|ssp1=latifolia|(Buckley) Semple}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = {{../en|Camphorweed}}
| en2     = {{../en|Camphorweed|golden-aster}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| status1 = US South native
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|487|X|}}
| usda    = {{../usda|HESU3|N0|Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britton &amp; Rusby}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 459389
| fna-id  = 250059792
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Heterotheca subaxillaris002.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

==Subtribe Conyzinae==

===''Erigeron''===

{{../txt
|img=
|cap=
|''Erigeron'' is here separated into the two informal groups: '''fleabanes''' and '''horseweeds'''.
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

====''Erigeron'' (fleabanes)====

{{../txt
|img=ハルジオン (216434861).jpeg
|cap=Erigeron philadelphicus&lt;br&gt;Philadelphia fleabane
|'''Fleabanes''' (''Erigeron'' spp.) have very narrow and numerous ray flowers that are white, pink, or light purple in color. When open, flower heads are flat with a yellow disk.&lt;ref&gt;Lawrence Newcomb (1977), &quot;Fleabanes,&quot; ''Newcomb's Wildflower Guide'', Little, Brown and Company, p. 382.&lt;/ref&gt;
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

{|class=wikitable style=&quot;font-size:12px; line-height:15px&quot; width=1024
!''Erigeron'' sp.
!Local name
!Flower head&lt;br&gt;diameter
!Ray floret&lt;br&gt;color
!Ray&lt;br&gt;count
!Stem hairs
!Stem leaves&lt;br&gt;width mm
!Ref
|-
|''E. strigosus''
|small daisy fleabane
|12-20 mm
|white or pink tinged
|40-100
|ascending (15°-45°)&lt;br&gt;spreading near base
|entire, 2.5-10
|&lt;ref&gt;''Erigeron strigosus'', Daisy/Prairie Fleabane, [https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/ds_fleabanex.htm Illinois Wildflowers] [https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/prairie-fleabane Minnesota Wildflowers]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''E. annuus''
|annual daisy fleabane
|12-20 mm
|white or pink tinged
|50-100
|spreading (45°-90°)
|toothed, 10-35
|&lt;ref&gt;''Erigeron annuus'', Annual Fleabane, [https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/weeds/plants/an_fleabane.htm Illinois Wildflowers] [https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/annual-fleabane  Minnesota Wildflowers]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''E. philadelphicus''
|Philadelphia fleabane
|12-25 mm
|pinkish or whitish
|100-400
|spreading (45°-90°)
|toothed, clasping&lt;br&gt;95 x 32 mm
|&lt;ref&gt;''Erigeron philadelphicus'', Philadelphia Fleabane, [https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/ph_fleabanex.htm Illinois Wildflowers] [https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/philadelphia-fleabane Minnesota Wildflowers]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''E. pulchellus''
|Robin’s plantain
|25-38 mm
|pale violet, pink, white
|50-100||erect to ascending
|toothless or obscure
|&lt;ref&gt;''Erigeron pulchellus'', Robin's Plantain, [https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/savanna/plants/robin_plantain.htm Illinois Wildflowers] [https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/robins-plantain Minnesota Wildflowers]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|colspan=8|{{reflist}}
|}

{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Conyzinae|Erigeron|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Erigeron|sect=Phalacroloma|Fleabane|604|7|ERIGE2|n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron strigosus
| au-abbr = Muhl. ex Willd.
| au-full = Gotthilf Heinrich Ernest Muhlenberg (1753-1815).
| au-pub  = Species Plantarum. Editio quarta 3(3):1956. 1803.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn|1803|Erigeron strigosus|Muhl. ex Willd.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn|1888|E. ramosus|(Walter) Britton, Sterns &amp; Poggenb.|info=nom. illeg.}}
| sn2     = {{../sn|1965|E. annuus|ssp=strigosus|ssp-au=(Muhl. ex Willd.) Wagenitz}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Small daisy fleabane
| en2     = Lesser daisy fleabane
| en3     = Prairie fleabane
| en4     = Beyrich's fleabane
| en5     = Rough fleabane
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Annual
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = Sun
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6989|5|Onon-Tomp-Oswe-Madi}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERST3|NN|}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = erigeron/strigosus
| inat    = 76942-Erigeron-strigosus
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 316666
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = ERST3
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| fws-id  = 
| bug-id  = 
| map     = Erigeron strigosus var strigosus NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Erigeron strigosus.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron annuus
| au-abbr = (L.) Pers.
| au-full = Christiaan Hendrik Persoon (1761-1836)
| au-pub  = Synopsis Plantarum 2:431. 1807.
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| sn0     = {{../sn||Erigeron annuus|(L.) Pers.}}
| sn1     = {{../sn||Stenactis annua|}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Annual daisy fleabane
| en2     = Annual fleabane
| en3     = White-topped fleabane
| en4     = Daisy fleabane
| en5     = Eastern daisy fleabane
| en6     = Sweet scabious
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Annual
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|353|5|Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Oswe}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERAN|N|Onon-Oswe-Madi-Onta}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = erigeron/annuus
| inat    = 76897-Erigeron-annuus
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Erigeron annuus flowers2.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Erigeron|sect=Quercifolium|Fleabane|604|7|ERIGE2|n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron philadelphicus
| author  = L.
| var0    = philadelphicus 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1753|Erigeron philadelphicus|L.}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Philadelphia fleabane
| en2     = Common fleabane
| en3     = Marsh fleabane
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 2
| nwi1    = FAC
| habit0  = Biennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6986|5|Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Oswe}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERPHP|N|Onon-Oswe-Madi-Onta}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Erigeron/philadelphicus
| inat    = 67820-Erigeron-philadelphicus
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 429467
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Erigeron philadelphicus var philadelphicus NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Erigeron philadelphicus IMG 0522.JPG
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron philadelphicus
| var     = provancheri
| author  = (Vict. &amp; J.Rousseau) B.Boivin
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1940|Erigeron provancheri|Vict. &amp; J. Rousseau}}
{{../var1|1962|Erigeron philadelphicus|L.|provancheri|(Vict. &amp; J.Rousseau) B.Boivin}}
{{../ssp1|1988|Erigeron philadelphicus|L.|provancheri|(Vict. &amp; J.Rousseau) J.K. Morton}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Provancher's fleabane
| en2     = Philadelphia fleabane
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 7
| nwi1    = FAC
| habit0  = Biennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6987|1|Dutchess (only)}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERPHP2|N|NY,VT,ON,QC (only)}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = Erigeron/philadelphicus
| inat    = 240556-Erigeron-philadelphicus-provancheri
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     =  
| image1  = Erigeron philadelphicus var provancheri iNat-155225521 (3x4).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Erigeron|sect=Pauciflori|Fleabane|604|7|ERIGE2|n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron pulchellus
| author  = Michx.
| var0    = pulchellus
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Robin's-plantain
| en2     = Blue hill daisy
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 7
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6988|5|Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Madi}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERPUP|N|Onon-Cayu-Madi-Chen}}
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = erigeron/pulchellus
| inat    = 59755-Erigeron-pulchellus-pulchellus
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Erigeron pulchellus var pulchellus NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Erigeron pulchellus.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Erigeron|sect=Linearifolii|Fleabane|604|7|ERIGE2|n|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron hyssopifolius
| en1     = Daisy fleabane
| en2     = Hyssop-leaved fleabane
| status  = Native
| status1 = Endangered
| c-rank  = 10
| nwi1    = FACW
| habit0  = Perennial
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|396|1|Hami-Esse}}
| usda    = {{../usda|ERHY5|N|Hami-Esse}}
| note    = [http://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fsm91_054134.pdf CA]
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = erigeron/hyssopifolius
| inat    = 162489-Erigeron-hyssopifolius
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = 
| image1  = Erigeron hyssopifolius (3x4).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

====''Erigeron'' (horseweeds)====

{{../txt
|img=Conyza canadensis - Flickr - aspidoscelis (1).jpg
|cap=''Erigeron canadensis''&lt;br&gt;horseweed
|In 1943 Cronquist moved '''horseweed''' or '''Canadian fleabane''' to the genus ''Conyza'', where some sources continue to place it.&lt;ref&gt;''Conyza canadensis'', Canadian Horseweed, [https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/canadian-horseweed Minnesota Wildflowers] [https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/weeds/plants/horseweed.htm Illinois Wildflowers]&lt;/ref&gt;
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../table|order=Asterales|Asteraceae|Asteroideae|Astereae|Conyzinae|Erigeron|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../genus|Erigeron|Horseweed|604|7|group=Conyza|
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron canadensis
| author  = L.
| var     = canadensis
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1753|Erigeron &quot;canadense&quot;|L.}}
{{../sp-1|1788|Senecio ciliatus|Walter}}
{{../sp-1|1837|Caenotus canadensis|(L.) Raf.}}
{{../sp-1|1869|Conyzella canadensis|(L.) Rupr.}}
{{../sp-1|1898|Leptilon canadense|(L.) Britton}}
{{../sp-1|1905|Aster canadensis|(L.) E.H.L.Krause}}
{{../sp-1|1943|Conyza canadensis|(L.) Cronquist}}
{{../sp-1|1946|Marsea canadensis|(L.) V.M.Badillo}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Common horseweed
| en2     = Canadian horseweed
| en3     = Canadian fleabane
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Secure
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Annual
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6978|5| }}
| usda    = {{../usda|COCAC3|N| }}
| wfo-id  = 0000015917
| vascan  = 3010
| gobot   = erigeron/canadensis
| inat    = 76907-Erigeron-canadensis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 104213
| fna-id  = 200023708 &lt;!-- as Conyza canadensis --&gt;
| tro-id  = 2700697
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Conyza canadensis var canadensis NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Kanadisches Berufkraut (2).jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron canadensis
| author  = L.
| var     = pusillus
| var-au  = (Nutt.) B.Boivin
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1818|Erigeron pusillus|Nutt.}}
{{../sp-1|1943|Conyza parva|Cronquist}}
{{../var1|1947|Conyza canadensis|L.|pusilla|(Nutt.) Cronquist }}
{{../var1|1972|Erigeron canadensis||pusillus|(Nutt.) B.Boivin}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en1     = Southern horseweed
| en2     = Canadian horseweed
| en3     = Dwarf horse-weed
| en4     = Dwarf Canadian horseweed
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Native
| status1 = Rare?
| c-rank  = 0
| nwi1    = FACU
| habit0  = Annual
| habit1  = Herb-forb
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|6979|2| }}
| usda    = {{../usda|COCAP3|N| }}
| vascan  = 3010
| gobot   = erigeron/canadensis
| inat    = 325496-Erigeron-canadensis-pusillus
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| tro-id  = 2709864
| nse-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| map     = Conyza canadensis var pusilla NY-dist-map.png
| image1  = Starr 080610-8237 Conyza canadensis var. pusilla.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../taxon
| species = Erigeron bonariensis
| au-abbr = L.
| au-full = 
| au-pub  = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| syns    = 
{{../sp-1|1753|Erigeron bonariensis|L.}}
{{../sp-1|1943|Conyza bonariense|(L.) Cronquist}}
{{../sp-1|1946|Marsea bonariensis|(L.) V.M.Badillo}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| en-vns  = 
{{../vn1|Flax-leaved horseweed|2012 iNaturalist}}
{{../vn1|Asthmaweed|2012 New York Natural Heritage Program}}
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| status  = Introduced
| from    = South America
| status1 = Highly invasive
| status2 = NYS Tier 1b&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nynhp.org/invasives/species-tiers-table/ New York State Invasive Species Tiers (2021).  Asthmaweed	(''Conyza bonariensis''): Ecological Rank: High, NY State Tier: 1b.]&lt;/ref&gt;
| imap    =
| ipa-us  = 
| griisus = 
| ny-tier = 1b
| c-rank  = 
| nwi1    = 
| habit0  = 
| habit1  = 
| light   = 
| chro-no = 
| ny-rank = 
| ns-rank = 
&lt;!-- ========= --&gt;
| nyfa    = {{../nyfa|||}}
| usda    = {{../usda|||}}
| gbif    = 3146717
| pow-id  = 
| wfo-id  = 
| vascan  = 
| gobot   = 
| inat    = 76904-Erigeron-bonariensis
| its-id  = 
| ars-id  = 
| fna-id  = 
| fna-i1  = 
| fna-i2  = 
| tro-id  =
| nwg-id  = 
| ipn-id  = 
| lbj-id  = 
| nse-id  = 
| bna-id  = 
| bbg-id  = 
| cpc-id  = 
| cab-id  = 
| eol-id  = 
| kew-id  = 
| red-id  = 
| mbg-id  = 
| adf-id  = 
| fed-id  = 
| fws-id  = 
| bug-id  = 
| map     = nymap.svg
| cos     = NYFA: &lt;abbr title=&quot;Not collected in NY&quot;&gt;0 counties&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;br&gt;iNat: &lt;abbr title=&quot;Queens&quot;&gt;1 county&lt;/abbr&gt;
| image1  = Conyza bonariensis.jpg
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;
{{../end table
}}&lt;!-- ================================================================================ --&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>iuqnvczzqkfh0gyjt6qajm4oxzh8tw9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Introduction to Computer Information Systems/Application Software</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>293152</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448986</id>
      <parentid>4437034</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:45:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>expensive then &gt; expensive than</comment>
      <origin>4448986</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="55509" sha1="tn710rr1mh2zfodjvh09zu2jbl3qqaq" xml:space="preserve">=Application Software Basics=
[[File:Logo of Google Drive.svg|thumb|Google Drive Logo]]
[[File:Office365RetailPack.JPG|thumb|Commercial Software-Microsoft Office]]
Application Software is a single or group of programs that allow access for specific tasks to be performed. Users of a computer should familiarize themselves with the variety of applications that are available. The purpose of computer applications is that it can greatly simplify a task for a user. Ways applications can help are to create and modify word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentations, along with graphics and multimedia.
&lt;ref&gt;http.//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software&lt;/ref&gt;

==Installed vs. Web-based==

[[File:Dropbox logo.svg|thumb|right|Dropbox is a web-based software]]
There are two different types of application software: installed software and web-based software. Installed software must first be installed to the computer before it can be used. When you purchase an installed software, the company can either send you a physical copy of the software, usually in the form of a CD, or you might also have the option of downloading the software from the companies webpage. Web-based software is software that remains on the internet which you can use at an on-demand basis. Web-based software is also referred to as Software as a Service or Cloudware. Some web-based softwares include Google Docs, Dropbox, Prezi, and many others.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The_Computer_Revolution/Software/Installed_vs.Web-Based_Software&lt;/ref&gt;

===Advantages and Disadvantages===

*Web-based Software (advantages)
#Global access
#Able to run regardless of what operating system the computer has
#Back-ups/Updates are managed
*Web-based (disadvantages)
#Higher chance of lost data
# Slower productivity
#More expensive overtime
*Installed Software (advantages)
#Data secured
#Internet not required
#More control
*Installed Software (disadvantages)
#Limited access
#Must be installed on each computer
#Possible large upfront costs

&lt;ref&gt;http://www.excellerate.com/products/check-in-system/checkin-features/web-based-vs-installed-software-pros-and-cons/&lt;/ref&gt;

==Creating Application Software==
With the ease of access to data, internet, and software becoming more popular on devices such as iPads, tablets, smartphones, etc. applications are not only being utilized, but first, they must be created. In order to simplify the process of creating and establishing an application, one must learn computer coding.
[[File:Typing computer screen reflection.jpg|thumb|left|You must learn to code in order to make applications]]
The two most popular software marketplaces as of right now are that of Apple’s App Store and Google’s Play Store. In order to create apps for the App Store, one must have a Mac computer to run the programming tools. One must then pay Apple to sign us as a developer in order to download those tools. The programming language used in those apps is called Objective-C. To create apps for the Play Store, one must have either a Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. The software development kit is free to download and you will need to know the programming language called Java.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/18/business/what-it-takes-to-be-an-app-developer.html&lt;/ref&gt;

==Software Ownership==
After an application software program is developed, the author has what is called ownership rights. These rights specify exactly how the program can and cannot be used. For example, ownership rights allow the author to decide on whether or not the program can be sold, shared, or distributed. The ownership rights vary depending on the type of software. Types of software include commercial, shareware, freeware, and public domain.&lt;ref&gt;Understanding Computers 14th Edition by Deborah Morley&lt;/ref&gt; Commercial software is software that is created and then sold for profit. For example, Microsoft Office Suite is commercial software. Shareware is another type of software that can make profit, however, shareware is initially free and then requests payment after a certain amount of time. For example, a computer game might have a ten day free trial, but after the trial is over the developer will ask for a payment. This payment would allow the gamer to play the computer game on a regular basis. Freeware is a type of software that is available for no charge by the developer. An example of freeware would be Internet Explorer and most other web browsers. Public domain software is similar to freeware, but should not be confused. While freeware is copyrighted, public domain software isn’t. Because public domain software isn’t copyrighted, people are able to copy, modify, and distribute the software.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.smhllaw.com/articles/?p=319&lt;/ref&gt;

=Software Suites=

[[File:Adobe Creative Suite icon.svg|left|100px|thumb|The logo for Adobe Creative Suite v6.0, one example of a software suite.]]

A '''software suite'', also known as application suite or productivity suite, is a group of related programs that interact together and are purchased together. The most well-known example is Microsoft Office, which includes Excel (spreadsheets), Word (documents), PowerPoint (slideshow), and Outlook (email). There are two primary benefits of software suites:

Enhanced Productivity
* It makes it easier for the user to work on multiple related projects at once. Someone can, for example, make a spreadsheet in Excel and then bring it into Word, keeping all of the formatting intact much more easily than if they used an unrelated spreadsheet program and text editing program. 
Saves Costs
* Purchasing the entire Office suite is much cheaper than purchasing Excel, Word, PowerPoint, and Outlook separately. However, a user may not need all of the programs in a given suite, so buying the entire suite when only one or two programs are needed is not an ideal purchase; If not all of the programs are needed, then it would be more prudent to individually purchase the programs which are needed.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-software-suites.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

=Word Processing=

===Constructing a Word Processing Script===

When constructing a word document there are a few things to keep in mind; character formatting, paragraph formatting, and page formatting. These three basic functions lay the foundation for most of the customization that is needed to create many word documents. 
*Character Formatting
Character formatting changes the appearance of individual characters and relates to the size, font, color, and overall style of the letters or numbers being used. Character formatting also involves underlining, italicizing, and making bold those characters being used. This is great for making a word stand out or for underlining book titles. 
*Paragraph Formatting
Paragraph formatting adjusts the spacing, alignment, and indentation of the paragraphs being formed. Spacing refers to the amount of lines left blank in between the lines being processed. A good example of this is double-spacing which is commonly used in an educational setting where a student has to write a paper for a specific instructor. Commonly double-spacing is used so that the instructor can make corrections to the document without having to mark over the actual words on the paper. Alignment refers to the way the paragraph is positioned in regards to the left and right margins. A left alignment is most commonly used when creating a word document and this setting aligns the words being formed to be flush with the left margin. A center alignment is usually used for titling a paper. 
*Page Formatting
Page formatting refers to the width of the margins, the size of the paper being used, and the orientation of the page. The standard margin is 1.25 inches on both the left and right but these can be customized to suit need and preference. The paper size options reflect what can be used in the printer, and the orientation indicates whether the document will use the traditional or landscape positioning on that paper. Traditional orientation is 8.5 inches wide by 11 inches tall whereas landscape is the exact opposite at 11 inches wide by 8.5 inches tall.&lt;ref&gt;http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~lrm22/technology/wpbasics/wpbasics.htm&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Abiword 2.8.2.png|AbiWord Word Processor
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Word Processing Tools===
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Id-card-template.svg|Business ID Template
&lt;/gallery&gt;
Some of the basic tools that are employed in word processing programs that help to make the application more user friendly are tables, graphics, and templates. These tools allow for minimal effort and excellent results when adding features like these to a word document. 
*Tables
Tables are used for organizing information and are composed of rows and columns in which data is placed. This is great for comparing and contrasting information as it's condensed and presented in a straight forward fashion. Tables can also be used for laying out entire documents, such as a resume, where information is sectioned off from one another. In this example, the entire report is formulated to a table instead of a small section as mentioned earlier. 
*Graphics
Graphics are pictures, drawings, clip art or other images that can be inserted into a document from other programs or stored data on the computer. This can better illustrate situations where a picture or image highlights a point better than text or a table. The graphics tools also allow the user to manipulate images that have been imported by changing their color, contrast, brightness, size, etc. The process of customizing these images in the word processor provides an easy and fast way to explain the topic at hand. 
*Templates
Another useful tool are Templates. These are preprogrammed arrangements of ideas and/or illustrations that are known to serve a purpose and are already organized for the user to interact with. Most often this means &quot;filling in the blanks&quot; and some common templates that should be recognized are resumes, business cards, identification cards, fax cover sheets, memos, invoices, and newsletters to name a few.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_(word_processing)&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Microsoft Office Word (2018–present).svg|thumb|120px|Microsoft Word 365 icon]]

Along with templates, some documents are required to look differently depending on the use; as a result of this we change the format of our documents.  Any change in format in a document is a change in the overall appearance.  Examples of formatting documents can range from MLA to APA format, requiring different sized margins, fonts, etc. In order to do this, Word has tabs that make navigating around your document easy and efficient.  Word includes a Help Center convenient for users to receive assistance whether it is live online help or offline. In this Help Center, tools such as where and how contents are organized are listed in a user-friendly manner.  While Word processing is simply creating, editing, saving, and printing, the creation and edition are made easy by Word for a variety of end results in the overall appearance of documents. In the time of typewriters, the “carriage return” was used when a line of text needed to move to the next line to continue. With present day Word, this is done automatically and is a process called Word Wrapping.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.aauwnc.org/04-05/convention/workshops/tech/typewriter.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;  Other tools that Word offers which were not available are the ability to contain various fonts, edit proportions, and spacing is also made more efficient.

=Spreadsheets=

==What is a Spreadsheet==

[[File:Poppit Spreadsheet.png|thumb|Poppit Spreadsheet]]
A spreadsheet is a group of values and other data organized into rows and columns similar to the ruled paper worksheets traditionally used by bookkeepers and accountants. The spreadsheet software is mandatory to create computerized spreadsheets. Microsoft Excel is a form of a spreadsheet. Spreadsheets can support keeping track of data, support in quickly formulating subtotals, populating visual graphs and charts and essentially is a working tool that can easily be shared. A worksheet is the single spreadsheet document. A workbook allows multiple worksheets to be saved together in a single spreadsheet file. Worksheets are divided into rows and columns. The intersection of a row is called a cell. One must enter content into the active cell, or current cell; it has a border around it to make it be easily identified. Data is entered directly into worksheet cells by clicking a cell to make it the active cell. Labels, constant values, formulas, and functions are the data that is entered into a cell. Before one enters a formula or function into a cell, one must begin with some type of mathematical symbol, usually the equal sign (=).&lt;ref&gt;http://ng.cengage.com/static/nb/ui/index.html?nbId=7345&amp;nbNodeId=1013914#!&amp;parentId=1013929&lt;/ref&gt; Spreadsheets are used to organize and calculate data. There is a maximum number of rows and columns in a spreadsheet which varies depending on the version of software you have.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.theiia.org/intAuditor/itaudit/archives/2006/january/the-role-of-spreadsheets-in-todays-corporate-climate/&lt;/ref&gt; It is essential to know how to use spreadsheets for school, work, sports, or anything that requires data! 

==Tables, Graphics, and Templates==

[[File:Database-excel.png|thumb|Table-Microsoft Excel]]

Tables, graphics, and templates are all available to a user with application software, such as Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and PowerPoint.  Tables are ways a user can organize data and information at their convenience.  According to Microsoft Word, there are now many different available options for users who are looking for various kinds of tables.  These different options include the following: the Graphic Grid, Insert Table, Draw Table, insert a new or existing Excel Spreadsheet table, and Quick Tables. The concept of using tables for data input is relatively simple.  In order for a user to insert a table, the user must first open Microsoft Word. Once they have done this, they must click the &quot;table&quot; button to customize the table to achieve their needs.  The overall format for a table consists of a large (or small) grid that can be altered by the amount of information the user has, ex. four columns five rows. Next, the user must insert the table into the word document by selecting &quot;insert table&quot; from the dropdown menu. Microsoft Excel contains pivot tables that are tables that include data from a spreadsheet with columns and rows that can be specifically selected. 
&lt;ref&gt;http://www.pcworld.com/article/2459947/how-to-create-and-customize-tables-in-microsoft-word.html&lt;/ref&gt;   
Graphics in Microsoft Word are pictures, or clip art that are able to be inserted into a Microsoft Word document, Excel Spreadsheet, PowerPoint slide, or any other Office application. the most common graphic used in Excel is graphs. You can create graphs based on data taken from your spreadsheet. Graphics are inserted into these Office Applications to enhance the information presented in a Word Document, Excel worksheet, or PowerPoint slide. A user can insert their own picture through their office documents; add clip art, shapes, SmartArt, screenshot, or Word Art.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.quepublishing.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1649256&lt;/ref&gt;
Templates are pre-constructed document layouts whose primary use is to assist a user in creating a specific type of document in a convenient amount of time. The different options of templates vary, but a few of the following are common ones used every day: agendas, brochures, calendars, flyers, fax covers, and many more.  Templates are used to save a user time, and confusion in creating their document.               
&lt;ref&gt;http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/templates/&lt;/ref&gt;

==How to use a Spreadsheet==

When using a spreadsheet application, the user can use various concepts to calculate the data entered into the cells. These different concepts are provided in the program. Some very common concepts are charts, functions, formulas, and cell references.

===Charts===
Charts can be created as their own objects or can be embedded in the worksheet itself.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreadsheet#Functions&lt;/ref&gt; This is helpful when users need to analyze data or represent changing data. Some of the forms of charts are: line charts, scatter charts, bar charts, Venn diagrams, and the list goes on and on. 

&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:Excel_chart.PNG|A chart generated using Excel.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Functions===

A function is a pre-programmed mathematical formula that allows the user to perform calculations based on the data entered. Functions under spreadsheets perform simple calculations by using certain values (called arguments). If users wish to create their own formulas, they can use Visual Basic to write the formulas, and input values into the newly written formulas, reporting the data into the worksheet. There are many different reasons for having functions in a spreadsheet. One is for arithmetic functions that work with numeric data. The second is to use the statistical functions of the analysis and averaging tools. This is useful for finding the average of the numbers in a row/column of a spreadsheet. The next function is date for handling and converting dates. This function can be used to put consecutive dates on a spreadsheet in order. The next function is the logical function, which is used to handle logical data. An example of logical data is the AND/OR function. If something needs to be marked as yes when it is above 5 and no when it is below 5, then this is a logical function. The last type of function is a financial function that deals with monetary data. They all must start with an equal sign, the name of the function, and the beginning and end of parentheses. A comma or semicolon is used as a separator in the function, depending on the setting in the spreadsheet, and depending on which one is used. An example is =SUM(A1:A4), a function that will find the sum of these cells. Some of the most common functions are SUM, AVERAGE, IF, COUNT, MAX, and MIN.

&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:Functions_in_Excel.PNG|A function being edited using VB in Excel.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Formulas===
A formula identifies the calculation needed to place the result in the cell it is contained within. This means a cell has two display components; the formula itself and the resulting value.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreadsheet#Functions&lt;/ref&gt; Typically, a formula consists of five expressions: value, references, arithmetic operations, relation operations, and functions. By using these expressions, formulas can help to make tables, solve math problems, calculate a mortgage, figure out accounting tasks, and many other business-related tasks that use to be done tediously on paper.&lt;ref&gt;http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/overview-of-formulas-HA102748997.aspx&lt;/ref&gt;

A formula always starts with an equals sign (=), followed by a constant, a function or a reference, then followed by an operator, and then followed by another constant, function or reference. A constant is a value that never changes; this includes numbers, dates, titles and other text input. References represent a certain cell, such as “A2”. An operator is usually a math symbol, such as “+” or “*” which tells the computer how to compute (add or multiply, respectively) the given constants or functions given in the formula. It is good to be careful that one knows the difference between a constant and a reference. If the constant “30” is input into cell A3, and the formula says “=30+2”, then if A3’s value changes, the expression of the formula will not change unless the formula itself changes. If one wishes to have a formula that returns the value of a cell, then the formula should read “=A3+2”. Another thing to note is that the operators will follow the basic “rules” of calculation. For example, the formula “=3+2*4” will add 3 to product of 2 and 4, rather than add 3 and 2, then multiply the sum times 4. (Parenthesis can be used to change the order: (3+2)*4 would add first, then multiply.) Operators are not always arithmetic, they can also be comparison, text concatenation, and reference operators. Comparison includes greater than, lesser than, greater than or equal to, and lesser than or equal to. To connect two values into one value, a text concatenation (the “and” sign i.e. “&amp;”) is used. The signs used as reference operators are the following: a colon is used to reference two cells and all the cells between them (i.e. B1:B10); a comma is used to combine multiple references into one reference (i.e. B1:B10,C1:C10); and a space is used as an intersection operator.&lt;ref&gt;http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/overview-of-formulas-HA102748997.aspx&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery&gt;
image:Spreadsheet_animation.gif|Using a formula in Excel.
File:SpreadsheetGraphics.png|Spreadsheet Graphics
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Cell Referencing===
Cell referencing refers to the ability to utilize a cell or range of cells in a spreadsheet  and is commonly used to create formulas to calculate data. Formulas can retrieve data from one cell in the worksheet, different areas of the worksheet, or different cells throughout an entire workbook. There are two ways of doing this: relative and absolute cell referencing. A relative cell reference will adjust as the formula is copied from another cell while an absolute will not adjust. An example of this would be &quot;=D2+F2&quot; which is row 2 to row 3 which will equal &quot;D3+F3&quot;. It is also important to note that a user can reference both the same sheet and other sheets in a book using this concept.

===Pivot Tables===
One the most powerful features available in the Microsoft Office spreadsheet program Excel, is pivot tables. Pivot tables allow you to manipulate large amounts of raw data.&lt;ref&gt;https://support.office.com/en-MY/Article/Create-a-PivotTable-to-analyze-worksheet-data-a9a84538-bfe9-40a9-a8e9-f99134456576&lt;/ref&gt; It makes it easy to analyze the data in different ways, with a simple click and drag. Vast quantities of data can be summarized in a variety of ways. Calculations can be performed by row or column. Data can be filtered or sorted automatically by any or all of the fields. Excel can even recommend a basic layout of a pivot table based on the type of data selected. A wizard is available to assist in the creation of the table. An important thing to remember when using pivot tables, is that any time the original data source is modified, the data must be refreshed in the pivot.[[File:Pivot_Table.jpg|thumb|Sample Pivot Table]]
 
Once the pivot table has been created and the data has been analyzed in a meaningful way, it can then be represented graphically using pivot charts. All the basic chart types available in Excel are available in the pivot chart menu. Much like the pivot tables they are built on, they can also be manipulated with ease. They can be filtered to display only the relevant information from the main data source. They can also be added to and refreshed very easily.

=Database=

A database is an organized collection of facts and information such as text and numbers, and often can hold still images, sounds and videos or film clips.&lt;ref&gt;http://www2.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/Databases.html&lt;/ref&gt;  It is organizing data in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of information. A database can also be referred to as an electronic filing system. For example, libraries, rather than have a file cabinet, provide access to academic databases for use in scholarly projects. Regular PC databases are organized by fields, records, tables, and files. A field (column) is a single piece of information like last name, address, phone number, and such. A record (row) is a one complete set of fields. A table is a collection of records. Lastly, a file is a collection of related tables.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/database.html&lt;/ref&gt; A database file is created first, then tables that can be created in either datasheet or design view.&lt;ref&gt;http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/access-help/create-tables-for-a-new-database-RZ101772997.aspx?section=3&lt;/ref&gt; There are different kinds of databases, such as active, cloud, deductive, distributed, graph, hypertext, etc. For example, in hypertext database, any object can be linked to another object; this is useful for organizing a lot of information. A DBMS is database management software that allows the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database
&lt;/ref&gt; Common database management software is Microsoft Access. Since many databases store confidential and important information, they require passwords and other security features in order to access the information.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.tech-faq.com/what-is-a-database.html&lt;/ref&gt;

===Queries and Reports===
[[File:Ponkan query.png|thumb|Query]]
Queries and reports are used to retrieve information from databases.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Query&lt;/ref&gt;  A query is almost like a search tool for the user of the database to find specific information like an item, number, name, etc.  Like other documents made, a query has to be made and saved as well, for users to be able to come back and search it again.  A query contains criteria that must be met for a record or row to be shown in the ending results of the specific query.  Queries can also be made to show multiple columns or rows at a single time, instead of just one row or column.  For example, a customer insists on buying a set of glasses for under $20 at Crate and Barrel.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crate_%26_Barrel&lt;/ref&gt;  The employee can then inquire “glasses under $20” and be able to tell the customer which kind to specifically look at.  A report is used when acquiring a formal output. This can be a company logo or graphic with a page column heading. These can be created with the “Report Wizard button” on the “Create tab” from the Ribbon. Reports are mostly used with database tables or queries. Databases can be used more efficiently for customers shopping via the Internet. Today, online shopping is the newest sensation. For example, a specific dress can be found on Lord and Taylor’s &lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor&lt;/ref&gt; website for women, prior to going to the store by typing in the search bar. Examples of popular databases used are Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and IBM DB2.&lt;ref&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Microsoft Office Access (2018-present).svg|thumb|120px|Microsoft Access 365 logo]]

===Deciding Which Database to Use===
How does one know which kind of database to use? To someone not familiar with this kind of thing, it could be a situation where one does not even know where to begin. Something one must first consider is what they will be using the database for. Database Managing Systems can be broken up into two categories; server databases or desktop databases. Desktop databases are typically geared toward a single user, whereas server databases must accommodate multi-users and large amounts of data. Some familiar types of Desktop DB are Microsoft Access, Fox Pro, File Manager, or Paradox.  Desktop DB’s are fit for storing less complex data and are less expensive than server DB’s, typically around one hundred dollars. They are also very user friendly and have web functionality that allows the user to publish data on the web. Server databases on the other hand are equipped to store and manage much larger amounts of data and allow for many users to have access to that data at the same time. Some popular Server DB’s are Microsoft SQL, Oracle or IBM DB2. Due to their complex functionality, these data bases are much more expensive, ranging in the thousands and up. Server DB’s are equipped with Application Programmer Interfaces (API’s) that allow for custom programming and applications. They are extremely powerful, being able to accommodate cluster servers and multiple high speed processors. They are also able to adapt well to the constant addition of users and data. After evaluating these two types of databases, one should have a better idea of which one will best suit their needs.&lt;ref&gt;http://databases.about.com/od/administration/a/choosing_a_db.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

===Database Protection===
[[File:DB2 Client Connections.png|thumb|DB2 Client Connections]]
The database is one of the most essential parts of a business process. The ability to access and to operate data is a necessary condition for the running company. Permanent data loss puts the business in serious danger. According to some researchers, about a half of the companies affected by disasters and major loss of corporate data, have not been able to continue their activities. There are few most common reasons for database destruction: equipment failures, physical impact on the hardware of the database, errors of authorized users, database or operating system bugs and errors in application programs, intentional acts unauthorized users or programs. The primary protection tools such the user’s identification, the granting of different rights of access to database objects e.g. reading, adding, deleting, and changing along with data and programs encryption can provide the acceptable security level. Note, that the security model, based on the basic mechanisms of authorization and authentication does not solve problems such as stolen user IDs and passwords or malicious actions of some users with the authority.
&lt;ref&gt;http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-top-ten-most-common-database-security-vulnerabilities/&lt;/ref&gt; It is important to understand best practices when ensuring database security. The first thing to do is to develop a plan, enforce a regulation, and adopt a checklist to use as the backbone of security standards. One should always report suspicious behavior immediately, to help minimize risk of attack. 

=Presentation Graphics=

===Intro to Presentation Software===

[[File:U.S. Navy Gunner's Mate 1st Class Joseph Hourieh, background, provides a slide show presentation to midshipmen in the small arms marksmanship trainer at Recruit Training Command at Naval Station Great Lakes 120810-N-CD297-132.jpg|thumb|U.S. Navy uses presentation graphics to educate]]

Everyone has different styles of learning. Some people are more visual learners meaning they prefer to learn through graphs and charts, while others are auditory learners meaning they prefer to learn through spoken presentations and lectures. Yet, no matter your learning style, there is one type of software that has been repeatedly proven to be a great method of sharing key information in an organized and relatively entertaining fashion. The successful software in question is presentation software.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.jiscdigitalmedia.ac.uk/guide/pedagogical-uses-of-presentation-software&lt;/ref&gt; Presentation software allows the user to create slides which they can piece together into a slideshow. It is a great way to organize and refine large amounts of information into the most important aspects because each slide has limited space and there is often time restraint when giving a presentation. Whether you're presenting information to a classroom or to a boardroom, the method of organizing information in a fluid manner remains the same. To add entertainment value, there are many variables within each example of software that can be manipulated, from text size and color to slide transitions and transition noises. Expert presentation software users can add photos and music to their presentations. Two of the most widely used examples of presentation software today are Microsoft Powerpoint and Prezi.

[[File:Irecosector ja.png|thumb|A chart of the 2002 Iranian Economy using Apple Keynote]] Presentation graphics is a type of software that allows users to create stylized audio and visual aids (sound effects, animation, etc.) typically for slideshows, reports, and public informational speeches. Presentation graphics incorporates tools for inserting various types of drawings, text and background schemes in a wide variety of fonts, colors, and patterns. Most systems can also import specific data from a spreadsheet application to generate customized charts and graphs. Presentation programs can be divided into two categories -- business graphics software and general multimedia authoring tools. Though some products are blended, the layout of business presentation software emphasizes fast learning and ease of use, while multimedia software offers a more sophisticated presentation that will likely require a higher level of technological understanding. Popular presentation software, such as Microsoft's Powerpoint or Apple's Keynote, may be purchased independently or as part of an office suite. Universally compatible products include Adobe Persuasion, Corel Presentations, Harvard Graphics, and Lotus Freelance Graphics. Free products include Google Slides, Prezi, PowToon, and Academic Presenter. All presentation platforms function similarly and provide nearly identical capabilities just with different visual layouts. Upon completion, the file(s) are usually saved to a computer, external storage device, or the cloud. During a presentation, users are able to view miniature images of slides on a device’s screen, and edit or direct their layout as they are simultaneously projected onto a larger screen or LCD projection panel for others to view. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is presentation software? – Definition from TechTarget |url=https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/presentation-software-presentation-graphics |access-date=2024-04-21 |website=WhatIs |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

powerpoint[[File:US Navy 040605-N-6633C-002 Commander Naval Reserve Force, Vice Adm. John G. Cotton, is silhouetted in front of a Powerpoint slide mapping out the Naval Reserve Force's future.jpg|thumb|US Navy 040605-N-6633C-002 Commander Naval Reserve Force, Vice Adm. John G. Cotton, is silhouetted in front of a Powerpoint slide mapping out the Naval Reserve Force's future]]

Powerpoint is a Microsoft Office software used to present information and work as a visual aide. Powerpoint makes it easy to organize and present information in a visually appealing way such as charts, pictures, tables, video clips, and sounds. The various designs and color themes that come are built in the software and are ready to use. The slides themselves come with several options of pre-loaded layouts, using features such as bullet points, pictures, captions, and titles. These are easy to drag and drop to make rearranging very easy.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.boundless.com/communications/preparing-and-using-visual-aids/using-powerpoint-and-alternatives-successfully/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-powerpoint/&lt;/ref&gt; The idea of a digital visual is to help a presenter engage their audience and display their ideas in a more simple form. This also helps the presenter engage their audience. One feature that comes in handy is the ability to print the slides so either the presenter or audience can be informed ahead of time of what to expect. Meaning, there is a preview feature that allows the user to already know what topic is coming next. Powerpoint also has a notes feature in which you can input notes you may need for your presentation. The notes feature also allows you to print out the notes page with the slide show on it which is known as notes view. You can also adjust the size of the slide on the notes view so that all of your notes fit on the page and looks presentable. If all of your notes do not fit on the notes page provided, it will spill over to the next page. If you know their is a lot of wording, you can make a duplicate slide and hide it in the presentation, so you will have more room for your notes! Teachers, employers, and computer users all over the world have now become accustomed to using Powerpoint as their “go-to” visual aide. The image on the right shows a presenter using a Powerpoint as a visual aide.

[[File:Slideshow.jpg|thumb|A PowerPoint Presentation slideshow is projected on a large screen for the audience.]]
The PowerPoint presentation graphics program provides the user with several assortment tools and operations for creating and editing slides. With those tools, one is able to add new or delete old slides that are previewed in the slide ''thumbnail tab area'', usually found on the left side of the screen. One is also able to switch to the ''slide outline tab'', which contains only the title and the main text included in the slide. If desired, using the Insert tab, the user can perform additional operations like exporting images, along with adding formatted tables, shapes, symbols, charts, and much more to better express their message. Additionally, to customize the PowerPoint to make it even more dynamic and presentable, text can be ''animated'', and a unique ''transition'' can be added to the slides. With animation, text can be set to appear in a specific way in the slide during a slide show. Tons of special effects are provided for the user, including animations to make the text to fly, dissolve, fly, float, or bounce in. Similarly, one is also able to apply special effects to specific slides to transition from one slide to another in a specific manner. 
Additionally, Microsoft PowerPoint allows recorded narration to be played back as the slideshow is being presented, along with speaker notes. Furthermore, most presentation graphics programs also allow the user to print those speaker notes for the targeted audience’s convenience. 
&lt;ref&gt;http://presentationsoft.about.com/od/powerpointtipsandfaqs/f/ppt_overview.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

===Inside Scoop on New Presentation Software===
[[File:Sample Prezi.png|thumb|Sample Prezi]]
There are hundreds of ways we present information on a daily basis. Whether it is through verbal speech, pamphlets, posters, commercials, flyers, power points, etc. we are constantly presenting information and being presented to. Technologically, there are still many ways to present information to an audience. The convenient part is that the user do not just have to use programs like PowerPoint and Microsoft Word. One does not even have to use products that cost money because there are several new and innovative free ways to present that will surely grab the attention of your audience.

Prezi is one of those free presentation methods. It is Internet based, and similar to PowerPoint. However, it is much more user friendly, as well as interactive. PowerPoint seems to have a set order you have to follow. It goes slide to slide in a single order. With Prezi, if you decide you want to go in a different order or go back to something 6 slides back you simply zoom out a little and click the slide you wanted to return to. Prezi slides are set in a &quot;path&quot; and as you present, the presentation will zoom in and out of each slide which are all present on one master screen. This is much different from PowerPoint's single slide screens. Prezi has the ability to integrate many different forms of information into your presentation. You can upload YouTube videos, PDFs, Excel spreadsheets, photos, music, and voice overs. You can also time your slides and have them move to the next one automatically like in PowerPoint. However, these things are input through a much simpler process. Instead of all the clicks you have to do in PowerPoint to insert things such as a YouTube video, Prezi has a button labeled &quot;Insert YouTube video&quot; and once you click it, it asks for the video URL. After you enter that, it automatically uploads it to your presentation. There you can resize it and place it wherever you would like. The ability to see where one idea came from and how it is physically moving to the next idea makes Prezi a much more innovative presentation method. It can be used for entertainment, educational work, teaching, and even in the business world. It comes with many templates as well at the ability to create your own presentation from scratch.

Prezi also offers many interesting things PowerPoint does not: it has the ability to share the presentation via email, collaborate on a presentation with multiple people, give several people access to the editing of a single presentation, and a free mobile app. The app is free and allows you to present, create, and edit presentations on the go with or without Internet. It is a very useful program and definitely something to check out! &lt;ref&gt;https://prezi.zendesk.com/forums&lt;/ref&gt;

=Graphics and Multimedia=

[[File:Paint shop pro shot 1.jpg|thumb|Paintshop]]
===Graphic Software===
[[File:CorelDRAW Graphics Suite X6 Logo.svg|thumb|CorelDRAW Graphics Suite X6 Logo]]
Graphic software has a variety of application programs and has a wide range of different uses. Graphics software uses photo editing programs that are used to manipulate pixels from images from pictures. A useful program would be Adobe Paint Shop, which can be used to edit, change, and alter pictures however you would like them to be. Another category for creating images would be vector images which are bit-mapped images created by a digital camera and is able to be altered and the images are able to re-scale to any size with no loss of detail. Also, each object in a given picture can be layered over another which allows an individual to take out one specific object if they do not like how it overlaps or covers another object in the picture. Graphs, tables, diagrams, charts, and images usually present the information on a drawing program. This makes drawing programs most appealing to small businesses trying to advertise their product in a larger variety by creating business cards, stylish logos, and more advertising methods. Also, marketing professionals use drawing programs to create intriguing web pages, corporate images, and other business-related necessities. Drawing programs are used by architects, shipbuilders, aerospace engineers, home-designers, prosthetic engineers, landscapers, and construction managers because of the scale-to-size and fixed-point accuracy of such programs. Other common features of a drawing software program are batch conversion, text-to-speech conversion, auto-indexing, layout retention, and the ability to print. Newer programs that are being created come with unique features like TWAIN, which can be used by a Macintosh to allow image hardware devices to communicate with image processing software. Popular drawing program software in use today is computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, MS Paint, and GNU image manipulation program (GIMP). All of these types of software can be used by the public or by businesses.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/industrial_engineering_software/imaging_graphics_software/drawing_software&lt;/ref&gt; As well as the programs, the graphics side of them is able to create images in 3-D modeling, as well as create animations which can be made through Photoshop. In able to add video or audio there is programs with multimedia content which the software is able to play and editing audio and video along with any editing. Overall, graphic software is really useful for personal, business and education purposes, whether it’s for creating a college or providing information with addition affect for the audience.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.explainingcomputers.com/software.html&lt;/ref&gt;

===Audio Capture and Editing Software===
Audio capture and audio editing software is used to create and edit audio files. There are many different programs associated with these two types of programs. Some programs are designed to extract audio from CDs (ripping software) while others capture sound through input devices like a microphone, a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone&lt;/ref&gt; Some programs are able to record sound and also edit that sound, or it can open a certain type of sound file, which enables the user to edit any piece in various ways. The extent to which the user can edit the sound depends on the complexity of the software. One program can only allow very basic functions like cutting and pasting while another program can add effects and modify every bit of the wavelength. This is an example of the distinction found between free programs and others deemed professional; however, that is not to say that just because a program is free it must be of a lower quality. Audacity is a free program that includes both audio capturing and editing elements.&lt;ref&gt;http://audacity.sourceforge.net/&lt;/ref&gt;

One professional audio editing program that does cost money is Pro Tools, created by Avid Technology.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro_Tools&lt;/ref&gt; This software works similar to a multi-track recorded and mixer, but has a wide array of digital features. One such feature that is commonly used in the software is MIDI, which stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI&lt;/ref&gt; A MIDI device can link up to sixteen channels of information that allows electronic instruments and computers to communicate with each other. Through MIDI input, digital sounds and samples can be inputted into Pro Tools and can then be mixed and edited to the desired output.

===Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software===
The widespread availability of digital cameras and now phones with built-in camera devices combined with the massive popularity of sites like YouTube has led many to use video editing programs. These programs enable the user to modify their clips extensively, and like audio capture and editing software there are both consumer and professional offerings. DVD authoring is a process that many video editing programs include. More specifically it oversees the layout of the DVD: what clips will be used and how they will be played along with customization of the menu. After authoring the DVD via the program the user must burn it to an actual DVD for playback. This can be done using utilities included by Windows or Mac or by dedicated software.

For large and expensive projects, editors need advanced software that has a multitude of features and can handle the scale of such projects. One professional video editing program is Final Cut Pro, created by Apple. This software has advanced tools and capabilities to edit and create videos and clips. The most recent version, Final Cut Pro X, has new features that make video editing easier and more efficient such as a new dynamic editing interface, new multichannel audio editing capabilities, more precise inline clipping tools, and a streamlined interface that helps to keep media organized. Professionals can use this software to create complex movies ready for the big screen.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.apple.com/final-cut-pro/what-is/&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Wikibrowse media player.png|thumb|A Media Player]]

A standard film-editing program on Mac is iMovie.  It is a standard free program, tailored toward light editing for simple movies.  Apple markets it as an editing program for home movies &lt;ref&gt;http://www.apple.com/mac/imovie/&lt;/ref&gt;.  It is a simple ti use system, in incorporates file from the Internet, iTunes, iPhoto, garage band, and other online and Mac programs.  While it is not at advanced as Final Cut Pro, it does do a good job editing movies.  Mac has also added and iOS compatible version of the program for use on its mobile devices.  This version is compatible with both the iPads, and iPhone product lines.  However, iMovie’s capabilities are limited, as mobile devices lack the memory and processing power for extend editing of projects.  Another feature built into iMovie is the ability to share directly to Internet websites.  These include Facebook, twitter, and YouTube.  In addition, there is a quick feature for emailing movies.  
Once edited movies are formatted and finalized, Apple runs its own video player known as QuickTime.  This is a standard program, similar to Windows Media Player, and is compatible with both Macs and PC’s.  Film editors like QuickTime as it is more reliable and has fewer bugs that Media Player, and it is less likely to corrupt video files.
[[File:QuickTime 7 Icon.png|thumb|QuickTime 7 Icon]

===Media Players===
Living in the technologically advanced country that we do now, it is relatively understandable to say that, at some point or in another life, we have all heard some form of music or audio played off of an electronic device. Today, for most of us, these devices are things such as CDs, radios, iPods, phones, DVDs, and many more. These are all things that would be considered media players. They were designed with the purpose of playing audio or videos in mind. Today, many of these players are free and are programs that most of us have probably used at some point or another (such as iTunes or Windows Media Player). One thing it is important to keep in mind when using these is that although illegally downloading things may be easy, it definitely does not make it right. It is essential that we all keep the copyright laws in mind when downloading any type of audio or video.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/m/mediplay.htm&lt;/ref&gt;


===Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web===
Today, it is rare to find a company that does not use some form of multimedia or graphics on their businesses web page. This is just one example of how important multimedia and graphics have become to the World Wide Web. Open up your browser and instantaneously you’ll see some form of graphics spread across the front page. Whether it’s a banner, GIF, logo, demonstration, or picture, I can pretty much guarantee you that it’s there. These graphics are nice because they easily add color and animation to the page, and make being there just a little bit more interesting for the user.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.billiondollargraphics.com/web.html&lt;/ref&gt;

===Other Types Of Application Software===
There are many types of application softwares. Every type of application software is made to serve a function or to help, for example software for business' or education. Desktop publishing refers to using a personal computer to manipulate text and images to create attractive documents as if they were created by a professional printer. Similar to this, personal publishing softwares are used to create documents for personal use, such as invitations, flyers, or calendars. Very common types of application software include education and entertainment. Entertainment software includes games, simulations, and other programs that provide amusement. Educational software can be found on personal computers, but a popular trend is to combine the hardware and software into a single product. For example, Leapfrog is well-known for their child look-alike laptops used for teaching.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_software&lt;/ref&gt; Software such as ''OneNote'' and ''Notebook'' are examples of note taking software. These softwares are generally used by students and business people to take notes during lectures or meetings. Because of this, note taking software normally supports typed and handwritten input. Engineers and architects make use of design software such as CAD (computer-aided design). CAD plays an important role in the design of finished products and other fields such as art, advertising, or law.

=Review=

==Key Terms==

;Application Software
:Software designed to carry out specific tasks &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software&lt;/ref&gt;

;Shareware
:Copyrighted software that is distributed on the honor system; consumers should either pay for it or uninstall it after the trial period for ethicality &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareware&lt;/ref&gt;

;Freeware
:Copyrighted software that may be used free of charge &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware&lt;/ref&gt;

;Public Domain Software
:Software that is not copyrighted and may be used without restriction &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain_software&lt;/ref&gt;

;Open Source Software
:Software programs made up of source code which is made available to the public. i.e. Wikibook &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software&lt;/ref&gt;

;Web-Based Software
:Software that is delivered on demand via the Web; also referred to as Software as Service (SaaS) or cloudware.

;Word Processing
: Using a computer and word processing software to create, edit, save, and print written documents, such as letters, contracts, and manuscripts &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_processing&lt;/ref&gt;

;Spreadsheet
:A document containing a group of values and other data organized into rows and columns; also called a worksheet in a spreadsheet program &lt;ref&gt;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spreadsheet&lt;/ref&gt;

;Database
:A collection of related data that is stored in a manner enabling information to be retrieved as needed; a collection of related tables &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database&lt;/ref&gt;

;Presentation graphics
:An image, such as a graph or drawn object, designed to visually enhance a presentation

;Graphics Software
:Application software used to create or modify images

;Ribbon
:One of the features found in the recent Microsoft Office applications that uses tabs to organize groups of related commands &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribbon_(computing)&lt;/ref&gt;

==Accessibility Software==

[[File:Screen color test GameboyColor Palette5 Orange Down-A.png|thumbnail|left]]
[[File:Screen color test GameboyColor Palette5 Orange Down-A.png|thumbnail|right]]
===Visual Aid Software===
There is software that enables a user to access software even if they have a disability of some type. The same software can simply allow a user to access programs on their computer without visual interferences. An example of this would be f.lux. F.lux is a program that removes the blue tint from a users screen in order to prevent headaches and the light interfering with circadian sleep rhythms &lt;ref&gt;Exposure to Room Light before Bedtime Suppresses Melatonin Onset and Shortens Melatonin Duration in Humans&lt;/ref&gt;. These applications are particularly useful when reading or writing word documents in a dark room.

==Review Questions==

1. A _____ is a collection of worksheets saved in a single spreadsheet file.

2. A _____ is a collection of related data that is stored in a manner enabling information to be retrieved as needed.

3. With a(n) _____ program, the source code for the program is made available to the public and so can be modified by others.

4. True or False. Changing the font size in a document is an example of a formatting operation.

5. A _____ is a collection of related fields in a database.  Also called a row.

6. Software that is not copyrighted and may be used without restriction is _____.

7. True or False. Software can be installed on both personal computers and servers.

8. The location at the intersection of a row and column on a worksheet into which data can be typed is a _____.

9. True or False. Microsoft Office is one example of a software suite.

10. Copyrighted software that is distributed on the honor system; consumer should either pay for it or uninstall it after the trial period is _____.

Answers

1. Workbook  2. Database  3. Open Source  4. True  5. Record  6. Public Domain Software  7. True  8. Cell  9. True  10. Shareware

=References=
{{reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>History of Western Theatre: 17th Century to Now/Latin American 21st</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>millenium &gt; millennium</comment>
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      <text bytes="2644" sha1="o7yge4pqbnysrdkx1alng3cfi4qru4q" xml:space="preserve">Latin American drama of the new millennium has been active. A work worthy fo note is&quot;.45'&quot; (.45 caliber, 2003) by Sergio Blanco (1971-?) from Uruguay.

==&quot;.45 caliber&quot;==
 
&quot;.45 caliber&quot;. Time: 2000s. Place: Uruguay. 

[[File:HK USP 45 surrounded by .45 caliber Hornady TAP (+P) jacketed hollow point rounds.jpg|thumb|Gun and .45 caliber bullets]]

Ulrich Richter, co-president of the oil company, Richter &amp; Havers, is angry that his business partner, Garret, has convinced the board of directors on reducing the price of oil without consulting him. Because of the danger Garret represents within the company, Ulrich convinces Nold Havers, the other co-president, and Nold's son, Kurt, of the need to have him murdered. He hires Basilio, an employee at his private firing range and secretly his bastard son but adopted by Jeremias, mainly responsible for preparing the firearms. Basilio succeeds in killing Garret and burying him without a trace. To consolidate power within their ranks, Ulrich forces his daughter, Elena, to marry Kurt. Ulrich's son, Evard, arrives for the wedding ceremony of his sister. Since being told he accidently shot his mother at the age of ten, when actually his father killed her at the firing range, Evard has lived aloof from business matters, to his father's disappointment. To his further grief, Evard wants to divulge he is Basilio's half-son, because the latter, unconscious of the incestuous relation, has been for several years Elena's lover. Unable to convince his son to desist, Ulrich hires Celio, another employee at the firing range, to murder him. A third employee, Fabio, informs Celio that Jeremias, whom all three employees hate, has accidently fallen down a flight of stairs and is seriously injured. Celio believes Fabio pushed him down, which the latter denies in great fear. Jealous at Kurt's happiness, Basilio murders Elena during the wedding ceremony and escapes with her dead body. When Evard catches up to Basilio, he gives up and hangs himself. On seeing Celio arrive, Evard immediately understands he is to be his father's next victim and submits himself to being shot to death. Ulrich and Nold decide to cede control of the company to Kurt. At the end of a business deal with a cardinal concerning a Renaissance painting from the Vatican, Ulrich starts feeling sick and begs him to absolve his sins during confession, but becomes anguished when the pardon comes too easily. He dies terrified at imagined flames about his person. To Fabio's disappointment, Celio, as the new boss, becomes a second Jeremias to him, a tyrant bitterly complaining about the quality of his work.

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    <title>Burmese Grammar Guide</title>
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&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Burmese Grammar Guide'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
''A comprehensive review of Burmese Grammar''
&lt;/div&gt;
[[File:Baganmyo.jpg|center|400px]]
__NOTOC__

==Table of Contents==
[[File:Flag of Myanmar.svg|center|200px]]

===Intro===
#SOV
#comparison with other major languages (English, Chinese/Japanese, SEA languages)
#importance of particles

===verbs===
#tenses
##present (-တယ်)
##past (-တယ်, -ခဲ့တယ်, -လိုက်, -လာ, -ထား)
##general future (-မယ်, -ခဲ့)
##intermediate future (-တော့မယ်)
##probable future event (-လိမ့်မည်)
#negative statement (မ-ဘူး)
#command (-ပါ, မ-နဲ့, -လိုက်, -တော့, -ဦး)
#progression (-နေ)
#completion (-ပြီ)
#pluralisation (-ကြ)
#change of state (-သွား)
#expressing modal verbs
##can (-ရ, -တတ်, -နိုင်)
##may/must (-ရ)
===nouns===
#numerical classifiers (such as ခု, ယောက်, ဦး)
#noun markers (အ-, -မှု, -ချက်, -ရေး, -စရာ, -ခြင်း, -နည်း)
# အ-[x]-အ-[y] forms
#understanding nominalisation and how it is used in Burmese
#plural markers (-များ, -တွေ)
===pronouns===
#demonstrative pronouns (ဒီ/ဒါ, ဤ, အဲဒီ/အဲဒါ, ဟို, ထို)
#personal pronouns
##formal
##informal
##pluralisation (-တို့)
#interrogatives
##what/which (ဘာ, ဘယ်ဟာ)
##when (ဘယ်တော့, ဘယ်အချိန်, ဘယ်တုန်းက)
##where (ဘယ်မှာ, ဘယ်နေရာ)
##why (ဘယ်ဖြစ်လို့, ဘာကြောင့်)
##How, Who (ဘယ်လို, ဘယ်သူ)
===adjectives===
#adjective markers (-သော, -သည့်, -မည့်, -တဲ့)
#reduplication
#adverbs
#adverb marker (-စွာ)
#adverbs forming through reduplication
===postpositions===
#of location (-မှာ, -ပေါ်, -အောက်, -ထဲ, -ပြင်)
#how to combine particles such as -မှာ, -ပေါ် and -ထဲ to mean things like 'about/on [this topic]'
#others (-ကို, -နဲ့, မ-ဘဲ[နဲ့], -အတွက်, -ပေမဲ့/-ပေမယ်)
===conjunctions===
#-ပြီး and all its variations
#-နှင့်, -လို့, -ဖို့, -အောင်
===sentence-level syntax===
#برنامج تشغيل كلsubject, object marker
#reported speech
#[[Burmese_Grammar_Guide/Emphasis_Particles|Emphasis Particles (-ပဲ, -လေ, -လေး, -တော့, ပေါ့)]]
#order of particles
#other final particles (such as -စေ, -မိ, -စို့)
##analysis of some complex sentences
===[[Burmese_Grammar_Guide/Comparison_Of_Formal_And_Colloquial_Speech|Comparison Of Formal And Colloquial Speech]]===
#Mapping Of Particles From Formal To Colloquial

===Vocabulary===
*[[/Numbers/]]
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      <text bytes="3009" sha1="2corid8m3tt9pbga7ds0s14m1pxvwg8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Burmese Grammar Guide'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
''A comprehensive review of Burmese Grammar''
&lt;/div&gt;
[[File:Baganmyo.jpg|center|400px]]
__NOTOC__

==Table of Contents==
[[File:Flag of Myanmar.svg|center|200px]]

===Intro===
#SOV
#comparison with other major languages (English, Chinese/Japanese, SEA languages)
#importance of particles

===verbs===
#tenses
##present (-တယ်)
##past (-တယ်, -ခဲ့တယ်, -လိုက်, -လာ, -ထား)
##general future (-မယ်, -ခဲ့)
##intermediate future (-တော့မယ်)
##probable future event (-လိမ့်မည်)
#negative statement (မ-ဘူး)
#command (-ပါ, မ-နဲ့, -လိုက်, -တော့, -ဦး)
#progression (-နေ)
#completion (-ပြီ)
#pluralisation (-ကြ)
#change of state (-သွား)
#expressing modal verbs
##can (-ရ, -တတ်, -နိုင်)
##may/must (-ရ)
===nouns===
#numerical classifiers (such as ခု, ယောက်, ဦး)
#noun markers (အ-, -မှု, -ချက်, -ရေး, -စရာ, -ခြင်း, -နည်း)
# အ-[x]-အ-[y] forms
#understanding nominalisation and how it is used in Burmese
#plural markers (-များ, -တွေ)
===pronouns===
#demonstrative pronouns (ဒီ/ဒါ, ဤ, အဲဒီ/အဲဒါ, ဟို, ထို)
#personal pronouns
##formal
##informal
##pluralisation (-တို့)
#interrogatives
##what/which (ဘာ, ဘယ်ဟာ)
##when (ဘယ်တော့, ဘယ်အချိန်, ဘယ်တုန်းက)
##where (ဘယ်မှာ, ဘယ်နေရာ)
##why (ဘယ်ဖြစ်လို့, ဘာကြောင့်)
##How, Who (ဘယ်လို, ဘယ်သူ)
===adjectives===
#adjective markers (-သော, -သည့်, -မည့်, -တဲ့)
#reduplication
#adverbs
#adverb marker (-စွာ)
#adverbs forming through reduplication
===postpositions===
#of location (-မှာ, -ပေါ်, -အောက်, -ထဲ, -ပြင်)
#how to combine particles such as -မှာ, -ပေါ် and -ထဲ to mean things like 'about/on [this topic]'
#others (-ကို, -နဲ့, မ-ဘဲ[နဲ့], -အတွက်, -ပေမဲ့/-ပေမယ်)
===conjunctions===
#-ပြီး and all its variations
#-နှင့်, -လို့, -ဖို့, -အောင်
===sentence-level syntax===
#subject, object marker
#reported speech
#[[Burmese_Grammar_Guide/Emphasis_Particles|Emphasis Particles (-ပဲ, -လေ, -လေး, -တော့, ပေါ့)]]
#order of particles
#other final particles (such as -စေ, -မိ, -စို့)
##analysis of some complex sentences
===[[Burmese_Grammar_Guide/Comparison_Of_Formal_And_Colloquial_Speech|Comparison Of Formal And Colloquial Speech]]===
#Mapping Of Particles From Formal To Colloquial

===Vocabulary===
*[[/Numbers/]]
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{{Shelves|Languages of Asia}}
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{{/Introduction/}}
&lt;center&gt;
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Young orang utan.JPG|An orangutan in Bohorok Orangutan Centre, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Indonesia|Indonesia]].
File:Buddha statue, Nha Trang.jpg|A Buddha statue in Nha Trang, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Vietnam|Vietnam]].
File:Rizal Monument on Rizal Day.jpg|right|thumb|Rizal Monument in the [[Wikijunior:Asia/Philippines|Philippines]].
File:Negombo Beach, Sri Lanka.jpg|The Negombo Beach in Negombo, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka]].
File:Manora Beach 1100641.JPG|A coastline in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Pakistan|Pakistan]].
File:Chinese Garden Bridge.jpg|A Chinese garden in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Singapore|Singapore]].
File:Dushanbe Presidential Palace 01.jpg|The presidential palace in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]
File:Little AraratDSC 3125.jpg|Little Ararat in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Turkey|Turkey]].
File:Beauty of Phewa lake, Pokhara.jpg|Scenery of Phewa Lake in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Nepal|Nepal]].
File:The Great Wall of China at Jinshanling-edit.jpg|The Great Wall of [[Wikijunior:Asia/China|China]] in the city of Jinshanling.
File:Insidemasjedolharam4.JPG|Masjid Al-Haram (or the Sacred Mosque) in Mecca, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]].
File:Saigon Trade Center 21112013.JPG|The Saigon Trade Center in Ho Chi Minh City, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Vietnam|Vietnam]].
File:Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque. Brunei.. (14406928611).jpg|Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Brunei|Brunei]]
File:A Famosa, remnant of the Portuguese fortress (12738512135).jpg|A Famosa, a remnant of the Portuguese fortress in Melaka, [[Wikijunior:Asia/Malaysia|Malaysia]].
File:Wat Arun BangkokImg 3941.jpg|Wat Arun temple in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Thailand|Thailand]].
File:基隆廟口 (482685229) (cropped).jpg|Miaokou Night Market in [[Wikijunior:Asia/Taiwan|Taiwan]]
&lt;/gallery&gt;
&lt;/center&gt;

== Countries ==
&lt;center&gt;
{{WikijuniorAsia}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto;&quot;

| style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:25%;&quot; |
{{color box|Lime|Western Asia}}
*[[/Armenia|Armenia]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Bahrain|Bahrain]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Cyprus|Cyprus]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Georgia|Georgia]] {{stage|50}}
*[[/Iran|Iran]] {{stage|50}}
*[[/Iraq|Iraq]] {{stage|25}}
*[[/Israel|Israel]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Jordan|Jordan]] {{stage|25}}
*[[/Kuwait|Kuwait]] {{stage|50}}
*[[/Lebanon|Lebanon]] {{stage|50}}
*[[/Oman|Oman]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Palestine|Palestine]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Qatar|Qatar]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Syria|Syria]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Turkey|Turkey]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Yemen|Yemen]] {{stage|75}}

 | style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:25%;&quot; |

{{color box|Blue|Northern Asia}}
*[[/Russia|Russia]] {{stage|100}}

{{color box|Magenta|Central Asia|White}}
*[[/Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]] {{stage|25}}
*[[/Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyzstan]] {{stage|25}}
*[[/Tajikistan|Tajikistan]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Turkmenistan|Turkmenistan]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]] {{stage|75}}

{{color box|Yellow|Eastern Asia}}
*[[/China|China]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Japan|Japan]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Mongolia|Mongolia]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/North Korea|North Korea]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/South Korea|South Korea]] {{stage|25}}
*[[/Taiwan|Taiwan]] {{stage|75}}

| style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:25%;&quot; |

{{color box|Red|Southern Asia|White}}
*[[/Afghanistan|Afghanistan]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Bhutan|Bhutan]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/India|India]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Maldives|Maldives]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Nepal|Nepal]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Pakistan|Pakistan]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka]] {{stage|100}}

| style=&quot;vertical-align:top; width:25%;&quot; |
{{color box|Orange|South East Asia}}
*[[/Brunei|Brunei]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Cambodia|Cambodia]] {{stage|50}}
*[[/Indonesia|Indonesia]] {{stage|100}} 
*[[/Laos|Laos]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Malaysia|Malaysia]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Myanmar|Myanmar]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Philippines|Philippines]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Singapore|Singapore]] {{stage|100}}
*[[/Thailand|Thailand]] {{stage|75}}
*[[/Timor-Leste|Timor-Leste]] {{Stage|50}}
*[[/Vietnam|Vietnam]] {{stage|75}}

|}


Click on the country's name to open the page
{{User:Encik Tekateki/Asia Interactive Maps v1}}
&lt;/center&gt;

== Authors/Contributors ==
*--[[User:Atcovi|atcovi]] ([[User talk:Atcovi|talk]]) 17:49, 22 February 2015 (UTC)
* --[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 17:51, 10 March 2015 (UTC)
*--[[User:Liam987|Liam987]] ([[User talk:Liam987|talk]]) 00:29, 13 March 2015 (UTC)
*--[[User:Hariboneagle927|Hariboneagle927]] ([[User talk:Hariboneagle927|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Hariboneagle927|contribs]]) 15:25, 14 February 2016 (UTC)
*--[[User:Qwerty number1|Qwerty number1]] ([[User talk:Qwerty number1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Qwerty number1|contribs]]) 03:10, 31 December 2018 (UTC)
*--[[User:Cohaf|Cohaf]] ([[User talk:Cohaf|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Cohaf|contribs]]) 02:38, 9 January 2019 (UTC)
*-- [[User:Encik Tekateki|Encik Tekateki]] ([[User talk:Encik Tekateki|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Encik Tekateki|contribs]]) 04:32, 23 August 2019 (UTC)
*-- [[User:Jay Bolero|Jay Bolero]] ([[User talk:Jay Bolero|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jay Bolero|contribs]]) 08:06, 17 January 2024 (UTC)

== See also ==
[[File:Asia (orthographic projection).svg|frameless|right]]
*[[Wikijunior:Asia/Quiz]]
*{{tlx|User book|Wikijunior:Asia}}
*[[w:Asia|Asia at Wikipedia]]
*[http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/as.htm World Atlas - Asia]
*[[Wikijunior:Africa]]
*[[Wikijunior:South America]]
*[[Wikijunior:North America]]
*[[Wikijunior:Europe]]
*[[Wikijunior:Countries A-Z]]

{{WikijuniorWorld}}
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=14.2 Energy systems=

==14.2.1 Anaerobic==
There are three main energy systems that occur in the human body in order for muscle cells to regenerate ATP during physical activity; anaerobic is one of them, and includes the lactic acid cycle. During this cycle glucose is broken down into pyruvate. The goal of this system is to produce ATP at a fast rate for high-intensity exercises; these exercises last anywhere from five seconds to two minutes (Whitney). Anaerobic translates to lack of oxygen. Examples of anaerobic exercises done during an anaerobic exercise test, by Dr. Henry Vandewalle, include force-velocity tests, vertical jump tests, staircase tests, and cycle ergometer tests. Maximal power was measured during this study to obtain information on anaerobic capacity. This fast power in muscles comes from muscle glycogen. During extreme activity intensity, the fuel source is ATP and creatine phosphate (CP); creatine phosphate becomes readily available through the phosphagen system (Whitney). If one were to do a 100-meter sprint, or swing a golf club or baseball bat, these would all be considered extreme activity intensity (Whitney). Extreme activity intensity does not last very long, only five to ten seconds. Very high activity on the other hand, requires ATP from carbohydrates, and not creatine phosphate. Examples of this activity contain a 400 meter sprint or a gymnastics routine; these high activity intensities last anywhere from twenty second to two minutes (Whitney). Overall, these exercises do not require oxygen to be supplied to the muscles, hence the definition of anaerobic-lack of oxygen. 
(edited by Postlethwaite)

Whitney, Eleanor Noss, and Sharon Rady Rolfes. &quot;MindTap - Cengage Learning.&quot; MindTap - Cengage Learning. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 July 2015. &lt;http://ng.cengage.com/static/nb/ui/index.html?nbId=157478&amp;nbNodeId=44014010&amp;deploymentId=4842767387588213997397576#!&amp;parentId=44014278&gt;.

Vandewalle, Henry, Dr, Gilbert Peeres, and Hugues Monod. &quot;Standard Anaerobic  Exercise Tests.&quot; - Springer. N.p., 1 July 1987. Web. 10 July 2015. &lt;http://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/00007256-198704040-00004#&gt;.

==14.2.2 CP-ATP==
During an average day of work done by the body, the majority of force in the muscles is supplied through the Aerobic system, especially through the Krebs Cycle. However, for higher intensity forces applied by the muscles a different kind of structure is used, which is the anaerobic system. This can be broken down into two sub groups, ATP production through Phosphocreatine (PC) breakdown and formation of ATP via Glycolysis.  The simplest and fastest way of producing ATP in the body is through the PC system, which forms ATP through the addition of PC to ADP to produce ATP and creatine by the enzyme creatine kinase.  (Artiole 2012) During the onset of exercise, on any intensity, ATP is used to create the energy for these force production of the muscles. The muscles then immediately begin the creation of more ATP, starting with the PC system, which is the quickest to respond to the loss and use of ATP by the muscles. However, it is a very short-lived cycle. Due to the fact that there is only a limited supply of Phosphocreatine in the muscles, it can only produce so much ATP before the store runs out. Once the muscles are out of PC they will move on to the next cycles, first starting with Glycolysis. This PC system will be regenerated though, through the reformation of PC during a period of exercise recovery. (Powers &amp; Howley, 2007) In athletics this system is needed for athletes who are competing at events which require a large amount of force production in a very short time span. Events such as a 100 meter dash, high jump, a max out for a weight lifter, and even  the sport of diving use almost 100% of the Anaerobic system to supply the ATP needed in the short time period to stress the muscles. (Baker 2010) Their event is done so quickly, the body can’t produce ATP fast enough through the other two systems, so it only uses ATP from the PC system. Because athletes are always looking for a way to be the best, one way to set you apart from the competition is adding more Phosphocreatine to the body in order to have a bigger supply in the muscles, which the PC system can draw from during the onset of exercise. By adding more you allow for a longer use of the PC system, allowing the muscles to be stronger and faster than with a limited supply. Phosphocreatine can be found in a variety of food sources, but the highest amount comes from red meat.

1. Powers, S., &amp; Howley, E. (2007). Exercise physiology: Theory and application to fitness and performance (6th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

2. Determining the Contribution of the Energy Systems During Exercise (Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE)
By: Artioli, Guilherme, Rômulo Bertuzzi, Hamilton Roschel, Sandro Mendes, Antonio Jr., and Emerson Franchini.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415169/

3. Interaction among Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Energy Systems during Intense Exercise (Interaction among Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Energy Systems during Intense Exercise)
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnme/2010/905612/

==14.2.3 Lactate==
The way in which lactic acid is broken down into energy helps to fuel our bodies to preform the necessary actions in our everyday lives. When we digest glucose, it is digested in our bodies through a process called glycolysis. Glycolysis is the basic metabolic breakdown of glucose to ATP, which provides our muscles energy. When this process is performed in an environment without oxygen, it produces lactate. (Whitney, E., &amp; Rolfes, S., 2013)

There are several specific steps in the chemical process to create lactate. It all starts when glucose is broken down by coenzymes into pyruvate and continues onto the electron transport chain. Since there is an absence of oxygen, the pyruvate will accept the extra hydrogen ions instead of proceeding on through the electron transport chain. Once the pyruvate accepts the hydrogen ions, it then becomes lactate. This process produces small amounts of ATP, but not as much as aerobic respiration creates. (Whitney, E., &amp; Rolfes, S., 2013) Anaerobic respiration is a less efficient way of producing energy, but it is faster then aerobic respiration. (Lactic Acid, 2015)

During intense, prolonged exercise, the muscles in our bodies need lots of energy. However, they become deprived of oxygen and build up with lactate as a result. This lactate cannot be broken down as quickly as it is being produced in our bodies. The small amount of ATP produced during this glycolysis temporarily provides the muscles with enough energy to continue their function until the oxygen levels return to normal. If this rigorous exercise continues, than the build-up of lactate can cause very sharp pains and muscle fatigue. Our muscle cells also become exposed to a low pH because the lactate is acidic. If the lactic acid is not removed from the muscles, than permanent muscle damage can occur. This is why an individual will start to breathe rapidly and heavily while participating in intensive exercise. It is our body’s natural response so it can provide enough oxygen to the muscles so lactate can be converted to aerobic respiration. (Anaerobic Pathways)

Another way in which lactate can be utilized is by circulating it from the muscles to the liver. The liver can transform this lactate back into glucose so that it can be used to refuel your muscles and glycolysis can occur again. This recycling process is called the Cori cycle, named after the scientist who first discovered it. The lactate must be transported to the liver because the muscles cells do not contain the necessary enzyme to initiate this process. (Whitney, E., &amp; Rolfes, S., 2013)

References

Anaerobic Pathways. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2015, from 	https://gln.dcccd.edu/Biology_Demo/Bio_Lesson08/Bio08-16_access.htm

Lactic acid. (2015). Retrieved December 1, 2015, from 	http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/podcast/CIIEcompounds/transcripts/lactic.asp

Whitney, E., &amp; Rolfes, S. (2013). Energy Metabolism. In Understanding Nutrition (14th 	ed., pp.&amp;nbsp;206–215). Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage Learning.

==14.2.4 Aerobic==

The aerobic energy system consists of aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. Muscles in the human body depend on this aerobic system in order to receive ATP for muscle contractions to occur. Aerobic means that oxygen is present. When we consume carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, they are continuously oxidized through glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and TCA in order to provide ATP to the body (Whitney). Aerobic energy systems are needed to supply oxygen to the muscles for long-distance efforts such as running, swimming, or cycling. These are all activities that could last anywhere from three to twenty or more minutes (Whitney). Unlike anaerobic exercises, ATP is not immediately available, and there is no creatine phosphate involved. ATP is received from carbohydrates or fats. Aerobic exercise has multiple health benefits. According to a research study on aerobic exercise, “aerobic exercise reduces blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive persons. An increase in aerobic activity should be considered an important component of lifestyle modification for prevention and treatment of high blood pressure (Whelton).” That being said, it is important for ones health to incorporate daily exercise for at least twenty minutes to an hour every day.

Whitney, Eleanor Noss, and Sharon Rady Rolfes. &quot;MindTap - Cengage Learning.&quot; MindTap - Cengage Learning. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 July 2015. &lt;http://ng.cengage.com/static/nb/ui/index.html?nbId=157478&amp;nbNodeId=44014010&amp;deploymentId=4842767387588213997397576#!&amp;parentId=44014278&gt;.

Whelton, Seamus P., Ashley Chin, MPH, MA, Xue Xin, MD, MS, and Jiang He, MD, PhD. &quot;Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure.&quot; Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure. N.p., 2 Apr. 2002. Web. 10 June 2015. &lt;http%3A%2F%2Fannals.org%2Farticle.aspx%3Farticleid%3D715201&gt;.

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== Links ==
[https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon Gitlab at ETHZ]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;!-- [http://cas.inf.ethz.ch/projects/a2/repository/show/trunk/ocp/Documentation Documentation at ETHZ] --&gt;

== Installing and Running A2 ==
[[w:Oberon_(operating_system)#A2|A2]] can be installed and used on a bare [[w:IBM_PC_compatible|PC]]. That includes desktop and laptop machines obsolete for commercial operating systems. A2 with the Oberon subsystem can also work in an [[w:ARM_architecture_family|ARM]], [[w:MS Windows|MS Windows]] or [[w:Unix-like|Unix-like]] system.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; &lt;!-- style=&quot;border-top: solid 2px&quot; --&gt; |  Tested Subsystem Instances
|-
! style=&quot;width: 15em&quot; | Host System
! style=&quot;width: 15em&quot; | Subsystem
! Notes
|-
| [https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases Debian 11] || [http://user.informatik.uni-bremen.de/fld/UnixAos/ UnixAOS rev.9779] || 
|-
| [https://www.debian.org/download Debian 12] || [[Oberon/A2#The_A2_Repositories|Repository A2]] || Keyboard input bug, [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/issues/141 Issue 141].  Retrieve and compile [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/-/project/23928/uploads/5b412cf39e8049b6bd2407670ce6599a/MyUnix.KbdMouse.Mod MyUnix.KbdMouse.Mod]. &lt;F12&gt; disables HotKeys to allow Oberon keyboard functionality. &lt;Backspace&gt; key remains inoperable; use mouse.
|}

== Installing and Running UnixAOS ==
The original instructions&lt;ref name=&quot;Git&quot;/&gt; for installing UnixAOS are in [http://user.informatik.uni-bremen.de/fld/UnixAos/Readme.txt http://user.informatik.uni-bremen.de/fld/UnixAos/Readme.txt].  Installation files are available from [http://user.informatik.uni-bremen.de/fld/UnixAos/ http://user.informatik.uni-bremen.de/fld/UnixAos/].
[[File:LinuxA2Gen32bit.rev.9527.png|thumb|The display of freshly installed LinuxAos Generic 32-bit, rev.9527.]]
 
The shell script installer assumes existence of a sys group in the host.  For systems lacking this group, the script is easily adapted. For example, the line,
 chgrp -R sys ${aosdir}
can be changed to this.
 chgrp -R bin ${aosdir}
The UnixAOS working directory can have an [[w:Ext2|ext2]] or [[w:File_Allocation_Table|FAT]] filesystem on a removable flash store.

===Releases Prior to 10272===
The default directory for the system is /usr/aos. By default, install.UnixAos installs start script /usr/bin/aos. The aos script adjusts the operating system environment before starting aos.{solaris,linux,darwin}. As noted in [http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~fld/UnixAos/Readme.txt Readme.txt], UnixAos can be started with these two commands.&lt;ref name=&quot;linePrefix&quot;/&gt;
 [[w:Cd_(command)|cd]] &lt;myWorkingDirectory&gt;
 aos
&lt;myWorkingDirectory&gt; must be replaced with a specific directory name.

===Release 10272===
The default directory for the system is /usr/local/A2 and the default start script is /usr/local/bin/a2. A2 can be started with these commands.
 [[w:Cd_(command)|cd]] &lt;myWorkingDirectory&gt;
 a2
As for earlier releases, &lt;myWorkingDirectory&gt; represents a specific directory name.

==User and Machine Specific Configuration of UnixAOS==
UnixAos is configured by [[Oberon/A2#Module_Sources,_Tools_and_Configuration_Texts|Configuration.XML]].  The Oberon subsystem is configured by [[Oberon/A2#Module_Sources,_Tools_and_Configuration_Texts|Oberon.Text]]; refer to the [[Oberon/ETH_Oberon#System_Configuration|ETH Oberon page]] and the original [[Oberon/ETH_Oberon/betadocu|betadocu]] page. [[File:WaylandWestonA2.jpg|thumb|440px|[[w:Firefox|Firefox]] and A2 with [[w:Weston_(software)|Weston and XWayland]] on a [[w:Debian|Debian]] 10 system with twin screens.]]

If the working directory is on a removable store, the [[Oberon/A2/myaos|myaos]] [[w:Shell script|script]] allows the storage device to be used in multiple machines with differing configurations. When the store is not already mounted, [[w:Fsck|e2fsck]] is applied as a precaution.&lt;ref name=&quot;filesystemCheck&quot;/&gt; In case the filesystem has been corrupted, e2fsck will usually complete repairs.  A reasonable location for the myaos script is the home directory of the user.  For each host, create in the working directory, files {{nowrap|Configuration.&lt;host&gt;.XML}}.  To use the Oberon subsystem, create {{nowrap|Oberon.&lt;host&gt;.Text}}. This can be done by copying the installed files and editing the copies.  For example, a host named blunder requires {{nowrap|Configuration.blunder.XML}} for A2 and {{nowrap|Oberon.blunder.Text}} for the Oberon subsystem.  The XML file contains ASCII text and can be edited with [[w:Geany|Geany]], [[w:Gedit|gedit]] or [[w:Mousepad|mousepad]] in Linux or with Edit &gt; Text in A2.  The installed Oberon.Text contains some binary information.&lt;ref name=&quot;Text&quot;/&gt; In ETH Oberon it would usually be edited with Edit or ET. Nevertheless plain text will also work. After storing Oberon.Text with ET.StoreChar, it can be edited with Mousepad or Gedit in Linux, with Notepad in MS Windows and with Atom in MacOS.  This can resolve the difficulty of a file name, {{nowrap|Oberon.&lt;Host&gt;.Text}}, exceeding the 32 character limit of the Oberon system.  myaos copies {{nowrap|Configuration.blunder.XML}} to {{nowrap|Configuration.XML}} and {{nowrap|Oberon.blunder.Text}} to {{nowrap|Oberon.Text}} before starting UnixAos.

==The A2 Repositories==
[[File:ETHZgitlabOberon.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of the home page for A2 in Gitlab at ETHZ.]]
The original repository for sources and executables for several platforms was [[w:Apache_Subversion|Apache Subversion]] (SVN) based. The contemporary [[w:Git|Git]] based [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon repository] began with files from SVN revision 10270. While the Git archive is current, the [[Oberon/SVN|notes for SVN]] remain available. 

The repository provides the latest version and allows ongoing updates. From the viewpoint of a user, the method is based upon a local copy of the repository. The local copy is created by cloning from [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon ETHZ]. WIthin the local copy, an A2 executable can be built for a targeted platform including a bare PC. Executables in subdirectories for Windows, Linux (Intel 32 and 64 bit) and ARM are available. The repository will occupy 0.5+&amp;#160;GB depending upon inclusion of executables.

A user not affiliated with ETHZ can obtain a [https://github.com/signup?source=login Github account]. Github [https://github.com/login login] will allow access to facilities including [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/issues Issues].

===Git in a Unix-like System===
[[File:Git operations.svg|thumb|Git operations. For details, follow the links in the text.]]
The [[w:Git|Wikipedia article]] provides a useful overview. [https://git-scm.com/doc Official documentation] is available as a [https://git-scm.com/docs Reference Manual], comprising manual pages, and the [https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2 Pro Git] book. [https://git-lfs.com/ git-lfs is documented] separately.

Each Linux has an installation procedure for Git with the various procedures [https://git-scm.com/download/linux summarized in the Git Web site]. Release specific information is also available. For Debian Linux, refer to the [https://wiki.debian.org/UsingGit UsingGit] wiki page. If apt is available these commands suffice.
 # apt install git
 # apt install git-lfs
The name of the repository directory is arbitrary. &quot;A2&quot; serves for this example. The ls command allows avoidance of name conflict.
 # ls -ld A2
 drwxr-xr-x 12 me mygroup 4096 Dec  5 09:22 A2
Create the local repository.
 # [https://git-scm.com/docs/git-clone git clone] https&amp;#58;//gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon.git A2
Update the local repository from the origin, main branch.
 # [https://git-scm.com/docs/git-pull git pull] origin main
In MS Windows check what you have.
 dir /ad *
In Linux check what you have.
 ls -d *
Output should be similar to this.
 AosVM  LanguageReport  Linux32  source  UnixAos  Win64
 ARM    license.txt     Linux64  tools   Win32    WinAos
Use git-lfs to track some zip archives.
 # cd A2
 # git lfs track &quot;Linux*.zip&quot;
 # git add .gitattributes
Check which large files are tracked.
 # git lfs track
 Listing tracked patterns
     ARM/ARM.A2/*.bin (ARM/ARM.A2/.gitattributes)
     Linux32.zip (.gitattributes)
     Linux64.zip (.gitattributes)
     LinuxARM.zip (.gitattributes)
     Win32.zip (.gitattributes)
     Win64.zip (.gitattributes)
     *.bin (.gitattributes)
     Linux*.zip (.gitattributes)
 Listing excluded patterns
Retrieve a specific archive file.
 # git lfs fetch Linux64.zip
 fetch: Fetching reference refs/heads/main
Verify existence of the zip archive.
 # ls -ld Linux64*
 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23712521 Dec  5 09:19 Linux64.zip
Unzip.
 # unzip Linux64
  Archive: Linux64.zip
     creating: Linux64/
     creating: Linux64/work/
    inflating: Linux64/oberon.ini
     creating: Linux64/bin/
    inflating: Linux64/Kernel.GofU
    inflating: Linux64/OpenTypeScan.SymU
    inflating: ...
Execute the start script.
 # Linux64/a2.sh
or
 # cd Linux64 ; ./a2.sh
[[File:LinuxA2Gen.32bit.rev.9799.jpg|thumb|LinuxA2 Generic 32 bit, rev.9799 started from the Git repository.]]

The content of a2.sh can be displayed by &quot;cat&amp;#160;a2.sh&quot; or with an editor. The script performs two actions. &quot;cd&amp;#160;`dirname&amp;#160;$0`&quot; changes to the directory where a2.sh resides; ~/A2/Linux64 for example. Then &quot;./oberon&amp;#160;run a2.txt&quot; executes Linux command &quot;oberon&quot; with arguments &quot;run&quot; and &quot;a2.txt&quot;. a2.txt contains A2 commands and can be displayed by cat and by an editor. The first command executes commands in oberon.ini including
 Files.SetWorkPath work~
In the installed system, work is empty. oberon.ini can be edited according to user preference.
 Files.SetWorkPath /home/me/myWorkingDirectory~

===Git in MS Windows===
Git is available directly from the [https://git-scm.com/download/win official Web site].

==Module Naming==
===Context and Aliasing===
In a source in A2, the distinction between the system and the Oberon subsystem is referred to as context. In Text of a source module, context is identified according to  [http://cas.inf.ethz.ch/projects/a2/repository/raw/trunk/LanguageReport/OberonLanguageReport.pdf Oberon (2019) Language Report], section &quot;5 Modules&quot;.
 Module := 'MODULE' [TemplateParameters] Identifier 'IN' Identifier ';' ...
Within the scope of a module, the name of an imported module can be [[wikt:aliased#Verb|aliased]] with this syntax also in the section referred to above. 
 Import = Identifier [':=' Identifier] ...
[[../A2/Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod|Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod]] illustrates context and aliasing.
 MODULE NetSystem IN Oberon;
 
 IMPORT S := SYSTEM, IP IN A2, DNS := DNS IN A2, TCP := TCP IN A2,  UDP := UDP IN A2, Texts, Oberon, Input, Fonts, Strings, Out;

===Target Systems and File Name Extensions===
Compilation, loading, linking and associated terminology is discussed in [https://people.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/pdfs/2011_UnifiedStaticDynamicLoading.pdf https://people.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/pdfs/2011_UnifiedStaticDynamicLoading.pdf]. As in all Oberon systems, the name of a file specifying a module can differ from the name of the module. These file name extensions are conventional in A2.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
|-
! Target System
! Generic&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Generic&quot; refers to applicability of the loader and linker to all target systems, independent of change in language and runtime system.&lt;/ref&gt; Object File Name Extension
! Symbol File Name Extension
|-
| Unix, x86, 32 bit
| .GofU
| .SymU
|-
| Unix, AMD64, 64 bit
| .GofUu
| .SymUu
|-
| Windows, x86, 32 bit
| .GofW
| .SymW
|-
| Windows, AMD64, 64 bit
| .GofWw
| .SymWw
|-
| ARM, 32 bit&lt;ref&gt;Allowing A2 on the [[w:Raspberry_Pi|Raspberry Pi]].&lt;/ref&gt;
| .GofA
| .SymA
|-
| ARM, 64 bit
| .GofAa
| .SymAa
|}

===Object and Symbol File Names===
Object and symbol file names contain the context  separated from the module name by a Minus-Sign. The Minus-Sign prevents use as a proper name in Oberon. Hence the object and symbol files for the Oberon System module are named Oberon-System.GofU and Oberon-System.SymU.

==Startup from the Repository==
With the A2 repository in place according to the instructions above, A2 can run.

Identify supported architectures.
 cd &lt;somewhere&gt;/A2/
In MS Windows.
 dir /ad *
In Linux.
 ls -d *
The output should be similar to this.
 AosVM  LanguageReport  Linux32  source  UnixAos  Win64
 ARM    license.txt     Linux64  tools   Win32    WinAos
Review the startup process. In MS Windows.
 dir /ad Win32/*
In Linux 64.
 ls -ld Linux64/*
[[File:LinuxA2Gen32bit.2022.10.31.png|thumb|The startup display of LinuxA2, Generic, 32 bit at 2022-10-31.]]
The file oberon must be executable. Execute start script. This for a 32 bit machine running MS Windows.
 ./Win32/a2.bat
For a 64 bit machine running Linux.
 ./Linux64/a2.sh
or
 cd Linux64 ; ./a2.sh
A window as at the right should appear.

==Working Directory==
oberon.ini contains A2 commands including
 Files.SetWorkPath work~
In the installed system, work is empty. Edit oberon.ini according preference of working directory. Eg.
 Files.SetWorkPath /home/me/myWorkingDirectory~

==User Level Applications==
Various documents and applications are available via the menu at the lower left of the A2 display. Note  Demos and Docu &gt; Program Demos. 

=== Secure Shell Console ===
In the target system, localhost or an external system, install a SSH server. This is one possibility.
 sudo apt install openssh-server
In the A2 menu invoke Tools &gt; Secure Shell. For Host specify &quot;localhost&quot; or &quot;127.0.0.1&quot; (without the quote marks) or the name or address of the external machine. Specify your user id. Click on Connect. Provide your password when prompted.

=== Email ===
A mail client using [[w:Internet_Message_Access_Protocol|IMAP]] is at Apps &gt; MailClient. The Oberon subsystem has Mail.Panel supporting [[w:Post_Office_Protocol|POP]], POP3 and [[w:Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol|SMTP]] with [[../ETH_Oberon#Email|description and instructions for ETH Oberon]] being applicable.

===Oberon Subsystem===
[[File:XO.A2.Oberon.jpg|thumb|The Oberon subsystem in UnixAos on an [[w:OLPC_XO#Release_history|XO-1.5]].]] &lt;!-- {{clear}} --&gt;
At the lower left of the A2 screen, menu Tools &gt; Oberon and Develop &gt; Oberon FullScreen allow interactive startup of an Oberon subsystem.

The subsystem can also be opened with a command or commands in the Autostart section of Configuration.XML.
In UnixAos, revision 4929, these lines in Configuration.XML.
 &amp;#60;Section name=&quot;Autostart&quot;&gt;
 &amp;#9;...
 &amp;#9;&amp;#60;Setting name=&quot;OberonDisplay&quot; value=&quot;OberonDisplay.Install Oberon 1100x704 0 74 ~&quot;/&gt;		
 &amp;#9;&amp;#60;Setting name=&quot;OberonStart&quot; value=&quot;Oberon.Call System.Init Oberon&quot;/&gt;
This in more recent revisions&lt;ref name=&quot;OberonStart&quot;/&gt;.
 &amp;#60;Section name=&quot;Autostart&quot;&gt; 
 &amp;#9;... 
 &amp;#9;&amp;#60;Setting name=&quot;Start an Oberon&quot; value=&quot;Oberon.Start Oberon 1100x704 0 74 ~&quot;/&gt; 
The dimensions, 1100x704, can be adjusted for satisfactory proportioning of text in a viewer. If the Oberon window is stretched, by grabbing the lower right corner with the mouse, the proportionality of text to viewer is preserved.

Mouse usage is unusual but efficient. Definitely worth the small effort to learn. A mouse with three buttons or two buttons and a wheel is almost essential. The &amp;#60;Esc&gt; key is used to interrupt a task. For example it can interrupt a long running FTP.GetFiles.  &amp;#60;F1&gt; sets the * marker.  &amp;#60;F2&gt; clears all marks. If a mouse button is pressed unintentionally, all mouse buttons pressed together before releasing any will have no effect. Comprehensive details of mouse and keyboard input and usage are in [[Oberon/ETH_Oberon/mouse|Mouse support]], [[Oberon/ETH_Oberon/Tutorial/Mouse|Mouse tutorial]] and [[Oberon/ETH_Oberon/keyboard|Keyboard support]] pages.

===Telnet Console in Oberon===
[[w:Telnet|Telnet]] is an insecure protocol but provides a host console within the Oberon sub-system. The [[../ETH_Oberon#Telnet_Console|instructions for ETH Oberon]] are applicable in the Oberon subsystem.

===News Reader in Oberon===
[[File:OberonNews.Tool.png|thumb|A screenshot of News.Tool.]]
As with mail servers, news servers now require authentication. Therefore revisions of the [[Oberon/A2/Oberon.News.Mod|NetSystem]] and [[Oberon/A2/Oberon.News.Mod|News]] modules are required to support authentication. Compile the revised modules. {{clear}}

==Text==
{{:Oberon/A2/TextType}}

==Module Sources, Tools and Configuration Texts==
A tiny sample of the approximately 2000 sources in A2.

A contemporary [[w:Firefox|Firefox]] browser attempts to infer &quot;Content type&quot; from the [[w:List_of_filename_extensions|name extension]]. By default Firefox infers wrongly that source file *.Mod contains &quot;Amiga SoundTracker audio&quot; and fails to open it. This difficulty is resolved by adjusting the &quot;Action&quot; Firefox associates with &quot;Content Type&quot;. Open [[w:hamburger menu|hamburger menu]] &gt; Settings &gt; General &gt; Applications. For &quot;Amiga SoundTracker audio&quot; choose an editor such as /usr/bin/mousepad or /usr/bin/gedit. Most sources in A2 have been converted to [[w:Plain_text|plain ASCII text]]; some remain as [[Oberon#Oberon_Text|Oberon Text]]. Gedit will open all of these. Mousepad and several other editors will not open Oberon Text. Content type &quot;plain text document&quot; should also be set to the chosen editor. With these adjustments Firefox should open most of the files in the repository.

In some contexts the user may fail to find a configuration of a browser to open files in the repository. In any case a browser should open the Wikibook copy.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
! [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/ ETHZ Repository] !! Wikibook&lt;ref name=&quot;WikiSource&quot;/&gt; !! Notes
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/BIOS.V24.Mod BIOS.V24.Mod]
| [[../A2/BIOS.V24.Mod/|BIOS.V24.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/BootManager.Asm BootManager.Asm]
| [[../A2/BootManager.Asm/|BootManager.Asm]]
| BootManager source written in Network Assembler by Andr&amp;#233; Fischer.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/BootManager.Mod BootManager.Mod]
| [[../A2/BootManager.Mod/|BootManager.Mod]]
| Module containing one command Split.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;code&gt;BootManager.Split BootManager.Bin&lt;/code&gt; is executed to divide BootManager.Bin into BootManagerMBR.Bin and BootManagerTail.Bin. For additional details, refer to the [[../A2/BootManager/|instructional document]] of Andr&amp;#233; Fischer.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/BootManager.Text BootManager.Text]
| [[../A2/BootManager/|BootManager]]
| Instructional document written by Andr&amp;#233; Fischer. In the repository and in MediaWiki representation.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/BootManager.Tool BootManager.Tool]
| [[../A2/BootManager.Tool/|BootManager.Tool]]
| Tool file summarizing the instructional document.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Configuration.Mod Oberon.Configuration.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| &lt;!-- [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Configuration.XML Configuration.XML] --&gt;
| [[../A2/Configuration.XML|Configuration.XML]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Desktops.Mod Oberon.Desktops.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Documents.Mod Oberon.Documents.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Documents.Mod|Oberon.Documents.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.ET.Mod Oberon.ET.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Files.Mod Oberon.Files.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Gadgets.Mod Oberon.Gadgets.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Gadgets.Mod|Oberon.Gadgets.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.HTML.Mod Oberon.HTML.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.HTML.Mod|Oberon.HTML.Mod]]
| Revisions for conformance to HTML5.
|-
| &amp;#160;
| [[Oberon/A2/Oberon.HTML.Tool|HTML.Tool]]
| No &quot;preview&quot; in the ETH Repository.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.HTMLDocs.Mod Oberon.HTMLDocs.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.HTMLDocs.Mod|Oberon.HTMLDocs.Mod]]
| InitEntities() expanded to support more characters.
&lt;!-- |-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Input.Mod Oberon.Input.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Input.Mod|Oberon.Input.Mod]]
| &amp;#160; --&gt;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.ISO9660Files.Mod Oberon.ISO9660Files.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.ISO9660Volumes.Mod Oberon.ISO9660Volumes.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.MIME.Mod Oberon.MIME.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.MIME.Mod|Oberon.MIME.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Mail.Mod Oberon.Mail.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Mail.Mod|Oberon.Mail.Mod]]
| Deviation from [[w:Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol|SMTP]] corrected. Wrap() added. Names of types revised. Show() revised. Calculation of cont.len corrected.&lt;!-- Bug in ReadResponse() corrected. Authentication added to OpenSMTP(). --&gt;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.MultiMail.Mod Oberon.MultiMail.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.MultiMail.Mod|Oberon.MultiMail.Mod]]
| &lt;!-- Authentication added to OpenSMTP(). --&gt;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.News.Mod Oberon.News.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.News.Mod|Oberon.News.Mod]]
| Authentication added to allow access to contemporary servers.
|-
| &amp;#160;
| [[../A2/Oberon.MediaWiki.Mod|Oberon.MediaWiki.Mod]]
| Not in A2 repository.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Objects.Mod Oberon.Objects.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Out.Mod Oberon.Out.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Out.Mod|Oberon.Out.Mod]]
| Allow delay of execution of Append, using a [[w:Bit_field|flag]] variable.
|-
| [[../A2/Oberon.Out1.Mod|Oberon.Out1.Mod]]
| Allow delay of execution of Append, using a procedure variable.
|-
| [[../A2/Oberon.OutStub.Mod|Oberon.OutStub.Mod]]
| [[../A2/Oberon.OutStub.Mod|Oberon.OutStub.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
|[https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/QuotedPrintable.Mod Oberon.QuotedPrintable.Mod]
|[[../A2/Oberon.QuotedPrintable.Mod|Oberon.QuotedPrintable.Mod]]
|Variant from LinuxA2 Gen. 32-bit, rev.9527.
|-
| &amp;#160;
| [[../A2/Oberon.RFC3986.Mod|Oberon.RFC3986.Mod]]
| Percent encoding and decoding of URL. Not in A2 repository.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Sort.Mod Oberon.Sort.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Sort.Mod|Oberon.Sort.Mod]]
| Better presentation of output.  Revisions incomplete.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Streams.Mod Oberon.Streams.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Strings.Mod Oberon.Strings.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.TFTPTool.Mod Oberon.TFTPTool.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.TFTPTool.Mod|Oberon.TFTPTool.Mod]]
| 
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.TextDocs.Mod Oberon.TextDocs.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.TextFrames.Mod Oberon.TextFrames.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.TextFrames.Mod|Oberon.TextFrames.Mod]]
| LOOPs removed.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.Texts.Mod Oberon.Texts.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Oberon.V24.Mod Oberon.V24.Mod]
| [[../A2/Oberon.V24.Mod|Oberon.V24.Mod]]
| &amp;#160;
|-
| &lt;span id=&quot;Oberon.Text&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;[https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Release.Oberon.Text Release.Oberon.Text]
| [[../A2/Oberon.Text|Oberon.Text]]
| Usually Oberon.Text is customized to a user.
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/TFTP.Mod TFTP.Mod]
| [[../A2/TFTP.Mod|TFTP.Mod]]
| 
|-
| [https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Unix.Machine.Mod Unix.Machine.Mod]
| &amp;#160;
| &amp;#160;
|-
| &lt;span id=&quot;Oberon.NetSystem&quot;&gt;[https://gitlab.inf.ethz.ch/felixf/oberon/-/blob/main/source/Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod]&lt;/span&gt;
| [[../A2/Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod|Unix.Oberon.NetSystem.Mod]]
| Terminology improved. Local procedures moved out of SetUser. RETURN usage updated. Flag &quot;ok&quot; eliminated. Flag &quot;verbose&quot; added to simplify password debugging. Numerous comments clarified.
|-
| &amp;#160;
| [[../A2/myaos|myaos]]
| Start script allowing use of a removable working store on multiple machines. Adaptable to requirements of user. Not in A2 repository.
|}

==Potential Developments==
* A [[w:Text-based_user_interface|TUI]] similar to ETH Oberon.
* Improved HTML support. Support for styling and tables, for example.
* [[w:Touchscreen|Touchscreen]] support.

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist|refs=
&lt;ref name=&quot;Git&quot;&gt;The Git repository, described subsequently, is a more recent method of installation and release tracking.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;linePrefix&quot;&gt;The command line prefix in a Unix-like system is user configurable and can be configured to the empty string. For simplicity, the prefix is omitted in most of the commands shown here.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;filesystemCheck&quot;&gt;A filesystem can become corrupted if not unmounted before the system is shut down. The directory can also be damaged by natural degradation of the storage media. If the filesystem is intact, the execution time for e2fsck is negligible.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;OberonStart&quot;&gt;The Oberon subsystem is invoked with MenuPage30.XML. The change from two commands to one is reported by &lt;code&gt;svn&amp;#160;diff&amp;#160;-r&amp;#160;5253:5254&amp;#160;.../MenuPage30.XML&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;.
&lt;ref name=&quot;WikiSource&quot;&gt;In some cases the Wikibook copy differs from the latest file in the ETHZ repository. For an exact comparison, use a file comparator; Diff.Do in Oberon, [[w:Comm|comm]] in Linux. Some sources have a discussion page. [[Talk:Oberon/A2/Oberon.Mail.Mod|Oberon.Mail.Mod discussion]] for example.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Text&quot;&gt;See [[Oberon/Text|Oberon/Text]].&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Machine Translation/History</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
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      <minor />
      <comment>millenium &gt; millennium</comment>
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      <text bytes="10856" sha1="smzd05487tc96tr5t29qrp1kbwhxwdp" xml:space="preserve">=Brief history of MT=

==The beginnings (1940s)==

===First computers===

The obvious prerequisite for MT are computers. They started to appear in 1940s though it depends on what one considers as a computer.

Generation zero computers: Z1&amp;ndash;3, Colossus, ABC, Mark I, Mark II. Then came first generation computers: ENIAC, MANIAC.

It is worth realizing that in 1947, RAM could store only 100 numbers and simple operation as summing &lt;math&gt;a + b&lt;/math&gt; took a fraction of a second.

===Information boom===

Roughly at the same time, the world started to produce and proadcast much more information than ever before. In 1922, regular BBC radio started to broadcast, in 1936 BBC TV followed.

===Early believes===

The view of translation was quite naive at that time. Some researchers{{Citation needed}} saw translation as a repeated activity, ideal to be executed by computers. Why not: computers were successfully exploited in breaking war ciphers, they seemed suitable to crack language too.

==The early boom (1950s)==

In 1950 Warren Weaver sent a memorandum to 200 addressees in which he outlined some problems of MT:

* polysemy (ambiguity) is a common phenomenon,
* intersection of logic and language,
* connection with cryptography and
* universal properties of languages.

His view can be seen in the famous quote{{Citation needed}}:
{{quote|When I look at an article in Russian, I say: This is really written in English, but it has been coded in some strange symbols. I will now proceed to decode.|Warren Weaver|source??}}

The early interest in MT was pursued at several institutions: University of London (Andrew D. Booth), MIT, University of Washington, University of California, Harvard etc.

In 1952, the first public conference was held at MIT, two years after the first showcase of a working MT system followed.

Among the first topics were
* morphologic and syntactic analysis,
* meaning and knowledge representation and
* creating and working with electronic dictionaries.

&lt;!-- Turing test: 
using language as humans do is a sufficient operational test for intelligence.
--&gt;

At that time, Alan Turing was focusing on artificial intelligence, but he was not involved in MT research.{{Citation needed}}

===Georgetown experiment===

The first working prototype of MT was publicly demonstrated in IBM, New York on January 1st, 1954. It was an example of using a computer for a non-numerical task.

The experiment showed translation of 60 sentences (probably carefully chosen) from Russian to English. The system contained a dictionary with 250 words and a rudimentary grammar with 6 rules.

Since the resulting translations were accurate, the demonstation provoked strong enthusiasm among researchers and gave rise to many projects in USA and SSSR.

Theoretical linguistics (Noam Chomsky) and artificial intelligence (Alan Turing) thrived.

{{TODO|connect paragraphs}}

But it became clear very soon that with increasing coverage of MT systems, their output quality suffered.

In 1950s, computers were used for generating art for the first time, love poems (1952){{Citation needed}}.

The first PhD thesis on MT was defended (1954), the Journal of Machine Translation started to be published (1954), the First International MT conference was held in Londong (1956), Noam Chomsky wrote his famous Syntactic Structures (1957), the first book about MT (an introduction) was published in Paris (1959).

Besides USA, MT was on radar in USSR, Japan.

==The disappointment (1960s)==

In 1959, he famous critic of MT Yehoshua Bar-Hillel wrote about unsatisfactory status of MT. He claimed that computers are not capable of resolving one important phenomenon in language: lexical ambiguity. He coined term ''fully automated high-quality translation'' (FAHQT) and claimed it to be unreachable.

His famous example where computers are supposed to struggle with is ''Little John was looking for his toy box. Finally, he found it. The boxwas in the pen. John was very happy.'' where ''pen'' is clearly used in a meaning different from the common meaning of the word. But for computers to disambiguate it, they would need to have knowledge of the world and that boxes are not usually inside a writing tools.

Probably connected to his and others' criticism, money supply for MT projects began to shrink.

MT in USSR was focused on translation of English scientific papers (abstracts) at that time.

In 1962, Association for MT was founded in USA. Around that time, Peter Toma, leaves Georgetown{{Citation needed}} to start developing AUTOTRAN to became later Systran, one of the most successful MT software in the following decades.

===ALPAC report===

What was lethal for MT research was so called ALPAC report (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) prepared in 1966 on behalf of U.S. National Academy of Science.

The committee prepared  analyses and evaluation of MT quality and usability and recommended to reduce expenditures for MT research to U.S. government{{Citation needed}}. It claimed that researched underestimaged the complexity of natural language understanding and subsequently, the report had profound negitive impact on MT field.

Despite, MT research was unaffected in Europe, USSR and Japan, but USA took 15 years after the drop in financial support to catch up with the rest of the world in the pursuit of MT.

===MT research in Canada===

At that time in Canada, at Université de Montréal, MT research hit a few successes. Researchers developed a few working prototypes of MT systems, namely TAUM-73, TAUM-METEO. These were the first systems to incorporate proper analysis of the source language and synthesis of the target language.

English-French (and French-English) pairs were the topic. One project TAUM Aviation focusing on translation of technical manuals were cancelled.{{Citation needed}}

Later, METEO system was used for weather forecast translation between 1981 and 2001. It was developed by John Chandiou.

===Systran===

At the end of 1960s, Systran, on of the oldest companies developing MT systems was founded. The software of the same name became very popular and was a basis for Yahoo Babelfish later. It was used also by Google until 2007.

It started as rule-based system but since 2010, Systran is a hybrid system incorporating also statistical methods.

==The renaissance (1970s and 1980s)==

The first Soviet MT: AMPAR for translation from English to Russian. Since 1976, Systran has been used as an official MT system at European Economic Community. Xerox started using Systran. A project proposes using Esperanto as interlingua but was turned down.

Rule-based systems using interlingua started to appear. In 1980, project Rosetta has started using logical formulae as interlingua.

First data-driven (example-based MT) has appeared. MT systems were good enough to generate a revenue and were commercionalized. Trados, the first companty to develop CAT tool was founded in Stuttgart in 1984. 
EU project EUROTRA has started.

To appreciate the context: in 1983, IBM introduces its 8-bit ASCII code and in 1987, Unicode project set out. Word Wide Web proposal saw the light of the day in 1989.

==The rise of SMT (1990s)==

IBM has contributed the world with another gem: stastical MT was born in early 1990s. SDL (current CAT market leader) was founded in UK in 1992 to later acquire Trados. Verbmobil project which gave born to some MT methods has been running between 1992 and 1999.

AltaVista's Babelfish logged 500,000 requests per day in 1997{{Citation needed}}. The first online commercial MT service iTranslator arose.

During this decade, rule-based systems still dominated the field.

==The new millennium==

Statistical methods took over the field and first hybrid systems started to appear. New translation pairs (languages) are added to repertoire of MT systems as new data are gathered and digitized.

NIST launches first round of MT system benchmarking in 2001.

EuroMatrix, a large scale EC funded project has started in2006 and Moses, highly successful (for being open source) statistical MT engine is born in a year later.

{{TODO|add a prognosis graph from that time}}

The computing power is steadily growing and Google is one of the leaders. For instance, using a new big-data technique MapReduce, researchers managed to sort trillion of 100 byte records on 4,000 computers and on 48,000 harddrives over just 6 hours. The computing power allows processing billions of words in blink of an eye and thanks to projects like Moses, MT became available to everyone.

{{TODO|new data structures, suffix arrays and trees}}

{{TODO|Google N-grams}}

At the same time, new parallel data are developed. There are special events (LREC) where new resources for languages from all over the world are regularly presented. Also under-resourced languages are treated and in general, MT quality improves slowly but steadily.

==2010 and beyond==

There are various interests in source and target languages. Under-resourced language are often neglected. In EU, the focus is on all official languages (English, Bulgarian, Czech, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, French, Irish, Italian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Hungarian, Maltese, German, Dutch, Polish, Portugese, Romanian, Greek, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish a Swedish). English speaking countries consider it as the main target language. Global markets and companies on the contrary want to bring their products to people around the world so the target languages are those of developed countries and the source language is usually English.

In some sense, some languages (and language pairs) are larger (usually better covered in digital media) than others. They also achieve better translation quality (English-to-Spanish, English-to-French).

Statistical methods are enriched with both linguistically-based techniques (syntax, semantics) and neural language models to achieve state-of-the-art results.

Google Translate is considered a gold standard.

Morphologically-rich language are usually harder to translate to.

English-to-XXX and XXX-to-English language pairs prevails heavily.

{{TODO:citations and more fluent text}}

Since 2015, statistical methods are slowly replaced by neural network techniques in on top of the leaderboard.

Machine translation is now available everywhere thanks to smartphones. It is used for ''gisting'', for instant translation of web pages (probably the most common use of MT{{Citation needed}}), to speed up human translation within CAT tools, cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), for instant messaging and other e-communication on mobile deviced, for translating speech-to-speech and even image-to-image.

{{TODO|Add examples}}

==Further reading on history of MT==

==Online resources==

* [http://statmt.org Statistical MT]
* [http://www.mt-archive.info/ MT Archive]

{{stub}}
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;Each answer is worth 0&amp;ndash;5 points.
'''11.''' Take two rational numbers &lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{c}{d}&lt;/math&gt; the product of those two numbers is &lt;math&gt;\frac{ac}{bd}&lt;/math&gt;, which is still rational (remember that a rational number is one that can be expressed as a ratio of two numbers). This is an example of the closure property for rational numbers.

'''13.''' &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{2}&lt;/math&gt; is irrational, however, &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2} = 2&lt;/math&gt; is an integer.

'''15.''' Consider two numbers &lt;math&gt;1+\sqrt{2}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;1-\sqrt{2}&lt;/math&gt; both of these numbers are irrational, however when you add them together, the irrational part &quot;cancels&quot; and you are left with a rational part. In other words, because you can always add a number and its negative to get 0 (which we consider to be rational), you can always get a rational number from an irrational number.

'''17.''' Because if &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; were irrational but &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{x}&lt;/math&gt; were equal to {{nowrap begin}}&lt;math&gt;a/b&lt;/math&gt;{{nowrap end}} for some integers &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;, then &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; would be equal to the rational number {{nowrap begin}}&lt;math&gt;a^2/b^2&lt;/math&gt;{{nowrap end}}, contradicting the fact that &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; is irrational.

'''19.''' The product of two rational numbers is rational (see the first challenge problem) similarly the sum of two rational numbers is also rational. If &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; is rational then &lt;math&gt;x+1&lt;/math&gt; is rational, then &lt;math&gt;x(x+1)&lt;/math&gt; must also be rational. Therefore, &lt;math&gt;x&lt;/math&gt; must be irrational.
;Add up the quiz points to the points from these answers to determine your final score.

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      <text bytes="1919" sha1="829b57lflo8emirhfc21st1j2wz6q2c" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-overlay&quot; heights=&quot;300px&quot;&gt;
File:ComputerProgrammer.jpg|{{Book title|{{BOOKNAME}}|}}
&lt;/gallery&gt;
Computer programming (often shortened to programming) is a process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. Programming involves activities such as analysis; developing understanding; generating algorithms; verifying the requirements of algorithms, including their correctness and resources consumption; and implementation (commonly referred to as coding) of algorithms in a target programming language.&lt;ref&gt;[[Wikipedia: Computer programming]]&lt;/ref&gt;

This book is a copy of Programming Fundamentals - A Modular Structured Approach, 2nd Edition, available free at &lt;nowiki&gt;http://press.rebus.community/programmingfundamentals&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Table of Contents ==
{{Book search}}
{{Print version}}
* [[/Preface/]]
** [[/Author Acknowledgements/]]
* [[/Introduction to Programming/]]
** [[/Systems Development Life Cycle/]]
** [[/Program Design/]]
** [[/Program Quality/]]
** [[/Pseudocode/]]
** [[/Flowcharts/]]
** [[/Software Testing/]]
** [[/Integrated Development Environment/]]
** [[/Version Control/]]
** [[/Input and Output/]]
** [[/Hello World/]]
** Code Examples
*** [[/Introduction Examples C++|C++]]
*** [[/Introduction Examples CSharp|C#]]
*** [[/Introduction Examples Java|Java]]
*** [[/Introduction Examples JavaScript|JavaScript]]
*** [[/Introduction Examples Python|Python]]
*** [[/Introduction Examples Swift|Swift]]
** [[/Practice: Introduction to Programming/]]
* [[/Data and Operators/]]
** [[/Constants and Variables/]]
** [[/Identifier Names/]]
** [[/Data Types/]]
*** [[/Integer Data Type/]]
*** [[/Floating-Point Data Type/]]
*** [[/String Data Type/]]
*** [[/Boolean Data Type/]]
*** [[/Nothing Data Type/]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{Shelves|Computer programming}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{alphabetical|P}}
{{Status|100%}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies</title>
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{{WikipediaCredit}}

{{CompactTOC8|side=yes}}

Thumbnail Radio Biographies sorted alphabetically by surname

'''Many of the stars of Australia's Radio Universe'''

'''Covering the full gamut from hypergiants to brown dwarfs'''

'''Each lit the way forward to broadcasting in Australia'''

=='''A'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Abbiss|Abbiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ABBISS''===

* [[/John Edwin Frederick Abbiss|Abbiss, John Edwin Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZJ-6H9] - 1907(Eng)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Balmoral, 1930; Morningside, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 581, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Evans Deakin shipyards) - Halcyon: p. 83, Abiss - Electoral Rolls: engineering draftsman (Morningside, 1936); draftsman (Coorparoo, 1937; Morningside, 1949-1977) 

===''ABBOTT''===

* [[/Reginald Nicholson Abbott|Abbott, Reginald Nicholson or Nicolson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FTG] - 1897(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VR Melbourne (Alphington, 1923-1927); 3ABB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 273, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Alphinton, 1925-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949); technician (Caulfield, 1954-1977)

* [[/Roy Edgar Abbott|Abbott, Roy Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6MT-CZX] - 1902(NSW)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 2YK Dorrigo (1930-1931); 2YK Telegraph Point (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 668, 1921; 2COCP 179, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Dorrigo, 1930; Telegraph Point, 1933-1937; Mittagong, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Kingsmill Abbott|Abbott, Thomas Kingsmill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHFH-4FH] - 1891(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Wingen (1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely military) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Graziers' Assoc NSW) - Comment: beware other contemporaneous TK Abbotts - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Muralla, 1913); grazier (Wollongong, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/209607 Obit]

===''ABRAHAMS''===

* [[/Frank Abrahams|Abrahams, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G836-Y6P] - 1903(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6089, 1966 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (St Kilda, 1925-1931); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1935-1936; Malvern, 1943-1967; Toorak, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of Louis Henry Abrahams

* [[/Louis Henry Abrahams|Abrahams, Louis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GJ-GZP] - 1889(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1; director (Victorian Radio Interests Ltd); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: potter (Brunswick, 1909); tobacconist (South Yarra, 1912-1921); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1924-1926); burner (Brunswick, 1937-1942) - Relationships: brother of 3FA Frank Abrahams

===''ACKERMAN''===

* [[/Joseph Adam Ackerman|Ackerman, Joseph Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZV-49L] - 1911(NSW)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 2ALG Sydney (Carlton, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2ALG Wentworthville (1950); 2ALG Sydney (Parramatta, 1954-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2229, 1938, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Paddington, 1932; Annandale, 1933-1936; Kogarah, 1937-1943; Carlton, 1949); clerk (Parramatta, 1954-1958); senior supervisor (Wentworthville, 1963; Epping, 1968-1972); retired (Sans Souci, 1977; Hurstville, 1980)

===''ACKLING''===

* [[/Harold Daniel Ackling|Ackling, Harold Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD5F-8RK] - 1892(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2PX Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 612, 1930, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Randwick, 1913); machinist (Bankstown, 1930-1980)

===''ACKLAND''===

* [[/Robert Gernand Ackland|Ackland, Robert Gernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCB4-3X8] - 1912(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AJJ Sydney (Cremorne, 1938; Drummoyne, 1939; Cremorne, 1946-1950); 2AJJ Colah (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2090, 1938, NSW; BOCP 148, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (2CR Radio Station, Cumnock, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Cremorne, NSW, 1949; Mt Colah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Stanley Frederick Gloucester Ackland|Ackland, Stanley Frederick Gloucester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5PB-C2Y] - 1904(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Prospect, 1923); 5SF Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1931; Linden Park, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 21, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Burnside, 1939-1943)

===''ACLAND''===

* [[/Bruce Acland|Acland, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1K-4M3] - 1920(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2AJR Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2085, 1938, NSW; COCP1 411, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Awards: Civilian Service Medal 1997 (1939-1945); King's Commendation for Brave Conduct 1943 (Darwin Civil Aerodrome during Japanese Air Raids) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Concord, NSW, 1943); airways engineer (Doomben, Qld, 1949-1972); surveyor (Paradise Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ADAMS''===

* [[/Alfred William Adams|Adams, Alfred William or William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZV-LDY] - 1908(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3VJ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1960; Mt Waverley, 1965; Scoresby, 1975); 3VJ Tootgarook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1955, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); leather worker (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1967); storeman (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972; Tootgarook, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/David Joseph Monk Adams|Adams, David Joseph Monk]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-ZHF] - 1919(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2AE Sydney (Wahroonga, 1934-1937; Turramurra, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Turramurra, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Turramurra, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Francis Alexander Adams|Adams, Francis Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2S2-RVF] - 1904(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ER Sydney (Carlingford, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 973, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank John Adams|Adams, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-29V] - 1880(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XO Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3XO Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 155, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; manager - Electoral Rolls: motor garage proprietor (Brighton, 1913); garage proprietor (Elsternwick, 1919-1921; Brighton, 1922-1924); manager (Brighton, 1925-1954); nil (Brighton, 1963-1968)

* [[/Lyal Kenneth Westgarth Adams|Adams, Lyal Kenneth Westgarth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBR5-24H] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1947); 2LA Wollongong (1948); 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1476, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943); police sergeant (Wollongong, NSW, 1949-1954); police inspector (Goulburn, NSW, 1958; Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Austinmer, NSW, 1963); retired (Wollongong, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Peter Harry Arthur Adams|Adams, Peter Harry Arthur &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3N-XMC] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Sydney (Cremorne, 1923-1924); 2JX Sydney (Cremorne, 1927; Manly, 1929; Cremorne, 1930; Gordon, 1931; Woolahra, 1933; Epping, 1933; Cremorne, 1935-1936; Thornleigh, 1937; Waverton, 1938-1939; Denistone, 1946-1947; Avalon Beach, 1948-1950); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1954-1961); 2JX Sydney (Pymble, 1965-1969); 2JX Nambucca Heads (1975); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 380, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, 1933); labourer (Epping, 1934); engineer (St Kilda, 1934); radio engineer (Thornleigh, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1943); engineer (Avalon Beach, 1949; Wentworth Falls, 1958); retired (Valla Beach, 1972-1977; Wentworth Falls, 1980)

===''ADAMSON''===

* [[/Lawrence Arthur Adamson|Adamson, Lawrence Arthur &quot;Dicky&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRD-JLJ] - 1860(Isle of Man)-1932(Vic) - Licences: XJDY Melbourne (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Wesley College, South Yarra, Vic, 1903-1906; Wesley College, Prahran, Vic, 1909-1931) - Links: [[w:Lawrence Adamson|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/adamson-lawrence-arthur-4971 ADB]

* [[/William Kenneth Adamson|Adamson, William Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MLXZ-HX5] - 1905(SA)-1982(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923-1924); 5WA Adelaide (Parkside, 1925-1927; Fullarton, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 135, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''ADEY''===

* [[/William Ross Adey|Adey, William Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZN-D6P] - 1922(SA)-2004(USA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (St Peters, 1947-1948); 3AJL Melbourne (Ashwood, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2259, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Burnside, SA, 1943)

===''AGER''===

* [[/John Henry Ager|Ager, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6S-9CN] - 1904(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2181, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio mechanic (Musgrave's) - Comment: possible suicide - Electoral Rolls: general carrier (Youanmi, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1943) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44810878 Trove]

===''AGNEW''===

* [[/Robert Gordon Carlisle Agnew|Agnew, Robert Gordon Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKK-D8Y] - 1904(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6RA Perth (Nedlands, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 721, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1925; Nedlands, WA, 1931-1972)

===''AINSLIE''===

* [[/Robert Inglis Ainslie|Ainslie, Robert Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM77-441] - 1909(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6CF Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1968; Crawley, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AITKIN''===

* [[/William Aitkin|Aitkin, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-Y7B] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XLA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Pay Corps, 1915-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WAs - Electoral Rolls: banker (Caulfield, Vic, 1922-1928; Brighton, Vic, 1928-1954); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963; Camden, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''AKED''===

* [[/Edward Louis John Aked|Aked, Edward Louis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTC-T4Z] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AEU Lismore (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEU East Ballina (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1763, 1936, NSW; BOCP 117, 1937; COCP2 898, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (P.O. Residence, Ballina, NSW, 1943); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1972); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1980)

===''AKEROYD''===

* [[/Arthur Gordon Akeroyd|Akeroyd, Arthur Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F2-JXL] - 1890(Vic)-1948(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Meteorologist, Forecasting and Statistical Division, Victoria) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1915); meteorologist (Northcote, 1921-1937); civil servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/akeroyd-arthur-gordon-9321 ADB]

* [[/R. Akeroyd|Akeroyd, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCX Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''ALDER''===

*[[/Oscar Edward Alder|Alder, Oscar Edward &quot;Ock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ2-D3P] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4JB Brisbane (Albion, 1928-1939, 1946-1948; Chermside, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 423, 1928, No. 47 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wool classer - Halcyon: p. 28, 84, 137 - Electoral Rolls: student (Albion, 1919); wool classer (Albion, 1925-1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); warehouse assistant (Chermside, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Lake Valentine Alder|Alder, William Lake Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCD-Q24] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Receive Melbourne (Chelsea, 1923); 3JE Melbourne (Chelsea, 1932-1933); 3JE Yarram (1937-1939); 3JE Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 882, 1932, Viv - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chelsea, Vic, 1928-1931); mechanic (Coleraine, Vic, 1934-1936); radiotrician (Yarram, Vic, 1937); electrician (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942); inspector (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''ALDERMAN''===

* [[/Valentine Zerbini Alderman|Alderman, Valentine Zerbini]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVL-F8N] - 1893(SA)-1919(SA) - Licences: XVC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALEXANDER''===

* [[/John Douglas Alexander|Alexander, John Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9D-WFZ] - 1906(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6DR Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1931); civil engineer (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); contractor engineer (Maylands, WA, 1949); farmer (Chidlow, WA, 1954-1963); engineer (Salter Point, WA, 1968; Manning, WA, 1972); retired (Mt Lawley, WA, 1977)

* [[/Peter Alfred Hunt Alexander|Alexander, Peter Alfred Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL5-PS9] - 1923(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2PA Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2402, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Carlingford, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Talbot Meredith Alexander|Alexander, Talbot Meredith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1FJ-MZN] - 1888(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4TM Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1931-1933); 4TM Townsville (North Ward, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 315, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kew, Vic, 1912-1914); wireless instructor (Melbourne City, 1925-1926); superintendent wireless (Glenferrie, Vic, 1926-1927); sales representative (City, Brisbane, 1928); business manager (North Ward, Qld, 1936-1937); instructor (Paddington, Qld, 1943); commercial traveller (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949; New Farm, 1954-1958); retired (Moorooka, 1968-1977)

===''ALLAN''===

* [[/Angus John Allan|Allan, Angus John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2C-YWF] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5UL Adelaide (Ovingham, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2013, 1937, SA; 1COCP 458, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ovingham, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/John Allan|Allan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-PFG] - 1905(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Chermside, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1938, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous JAs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALLARD''===

* [[/George Mason Allard|Allard, George Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HT-JMV] - 1866(Eng)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman of Directors (AWA); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Honours: knighted; K.B. - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Wahroonga, 1930-1937); accountant (Wahroonga, 1943-1949) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allard-sir-george-mason-4999 ADB] - TroveTag: &quot;George Mason Allard&quot;

===''ALLEN''===

* [[/Albert Edward Allen|Allen, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69B-SGR] - 1902(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: 7PA Hobart (New Town, 1933-1937; Moonah, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1171, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 7AL Thomas Arthur Allen - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (New Town, 1928-1936; Moonah, 1937-1954)

* [[/George Alexander Allen|Allen, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3H-DJK] - 1891(Sct)-1965(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 49, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Keith Allen|Allen, George Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-SLR] - 1897(Vic)-1962(Eng) - Licences: XJDT Melbourne (Coburg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Air Mechanic, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coburg, Vic, 1922-1925) 

* [[/Kenneth Douglas Allen|Allen, Kenneth Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N5-19J] - 1907(WA)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 2GX Sydney (West Ryde, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 648, 1930, NSW; 3COCP 4263, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Royal Australian Engineers, Lieutenant, 1940) - Education: BSc (Syd Uni, 1933) - Electoral Rolls: student (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935); director (Woolwich, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Woolwich, NSW, 1943); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1963-1972; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977; Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gidney Allen|Allen, Kenneth Gidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-PHQ] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3UH Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1965; Chadstone, 1969; Clayton, 1975; Chadstone, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 809, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); radio (Malvern, Vic, 1967; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Robert Kelvin Allen|Allen, Robert Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTK-TH9] - 1916(Qld)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 4PR Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1634, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 13 Squadron, Pilot Officer; Army, CMF, 1939-1946); (Halcyon, p. 177) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/allen-robert-kelvin-404945/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10308870 AWM Honour Roll]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/617992 VWMA]

* [[/Robert Newstead Osborne Allen|Allen, Robert Newstead Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-BXM] - 1908(India)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6CC Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1968); retired (Gosnells, WA, 1977; Armadale, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Arthur Allen|Allen, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SQ-9YN] - 1916(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7AL Hobart (New Town, 1936-1939, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne,1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1738, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 7PA Albert Edward Allen - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1943-1954); director (Lindisfarne, 1963-1972)

===''ALLINSON''===

* [[/Lancelot Thirlmier John Allinson|Allinson, Lancelot Thirlmier John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L81B-F4P] - 1896(NSW)-1961(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 804, 1924 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radiotelegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931; Como, WA, 1931; South Perth, WA, 1936-1943; Broome, WA, 1949-1954); telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1958)

===''ALLISON''===

* [[/Clifford Millbank Allison|Allison, Clifford Millbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4C-2WN] - 1901(SA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Receive Melbourne (North Carlton, 1922); 3AO Melbourne (North Carlton, 1937-1939); 3AZC Melbourne (Sandringham, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 717, 1922; 2COCP 229, 1930; 1COCP 56, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Carlton North, Vic, 1926-1937); constable (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''ALLSOP''===

* [[/Raymond Cottam Allsop|Allsop, Raymond Cottam &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJLT-SNJ] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XCA Sydney (Randwick, 1911-1914); 2YG Sydney (Randwick, 1924; Coogee 1924-1929; Roseville, 1930); 2AYG Sydney (Roseville, 1946-1947+); 2NA Sydney (Roseville, 1961); 2BL Sydney (Roseville, 1965-1969); Receive licence obo New Systems Telephones (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW); broadcaster (2BL, chief engineer); journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1920s); military (RAN Volunteer Reserve, Lieutenant; WW2 (RAN, Engineer Lieutenant); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 (obo Broadcasters Sydney Ltd; federal public servant (ABCB, member, 1953-1954) - Honours: Coronation Medal, 1937; OBE, 1971 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1930); engineer (Roseville, 1933; Gordon, 1937; Roseville, 1943); electronic engineer (Roseville, 1949); director (South Yarra, 1954); engineer (Roseville, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XCA-2YG-2AYG-2NA-2BL - Raymond Cottam Allsop&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allsop-raymond-cottam-ray-9344 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199001.pdf EA]

===''ALLWORTH''===

* [[/William Murray Allworth|Allworth, William Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZC-8KW] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1922); 2CT Receive Yamba (1923); 2OE Yass (1936-1939); 2OE Foster (1946); 2OE Yamba (1947); 2OE Maclean (1948-1950); 2OE Grafton (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1598, 1936, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Toronto, NSW, 1930; Swansea, NSW, 1932-1934; Yass, NSW, 1937); inspector of fisheries (Forster, NSW, 1943); fisheries inspector (Maclean, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''ALSOP''===

* [[/James Guest Alsop|Alsop, James Guest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WM-V9K] - 1904(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Sydney (Lakemba, 1932-1937); 2ACY Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 909, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CY amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2CY Canberra National service - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/John Russell Alsop|Alsop, John Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB3-WXQ] - 1906(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MI Melbourne (Kew, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 76, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Kew, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1958-1972)

===''ALTMAN''===

* [[/Louis Altman|Altman, Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCK-3PN] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Sydney (Bexley, 1931-1933; Lakemba, 1934-1939, 1946-1961; Pymble, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 851, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1949); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1963; Pymble, NSW, 1968)

===''AMBLER''===

* [[/Sydney Charles Ambler|Ambler, Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWD-Y9L] - 1892(NSW)-1956(WA) - Licences: XYAE Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 891, 1925; 2COCP 72, 1929; 1COCP 158, 1938 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (East Perth, WA, 1921; North Perth, WA, 1925); wireless telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1934-1943); radio telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1949); radio telephonist (Esperance, WA, 1954)

===''AMES''===

* [[/Clement Edgar Ames|Ames, Clement Edgar &quot;Clem&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDX-JF8] - 1889(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: XVG Adelaide (Torrensville, 1913-1914); 5AV Adelaide (Kent Town, 1923; Hindmarsh, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - Radio Activity: early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operator 5WI (1925) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Allenby Gardens, 1939-43) - TroveTag: &quot;XVG-5AV - Clement Edgar Ames&quot;

===''AMOR''===

* [[/Herbert Roy Amor|Amor, Herbert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQ6-6ZW] - 1910(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3LB Colac (1931-1933); 3LB Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3LB Marengo (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 844, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Colac, Vic, 1931); airman (Preston, Vic, 1937-1942; RAAF Darwin, NT, 1949); RAAF (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Marengo, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ANCHER''===

* [[/Norman Leslie Finion Ancher|Ancher, Norman Leslie Finion or Tinian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-MCQ] - 1910(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 5NA Adelaide (Mile End, 1937-1939); 2NH Sydney (Lindfield, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948-1954; Cremorne, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2057, 1937, SA; BOCP 476, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1934); sound engineer (West Maitland, NSW, 1936); engineer (Mile End, SA, 1939; Rose Park, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1972); technical officer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ANDERSON''===

* [[/Alexander Ronald Anderson|Anderson, Alexander Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-L6J] - 1914(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5GM Adelaide (Eastwood, 1936-1939, 1947; Payneham South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1700, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Eastwood, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Oswald Anderson|Anderson, Andrew Oswald &quot;Oswald&quot;, &quot;Andy&quot;, &quot;A.O.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-Z8L] - 1885(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, 1913); manager (Rose Bay, 1930; Vaucluse, 1934-1935) - Links: [https://ozvta.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/anderson-oswald-1062017.pdf Bio]

* [[/Eric William Alfred Anderson|Anderson, Eric William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WX-744] - 1908(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3KH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1928-1931; Glen Iris, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 424, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); engineer (Camberwell, 1943; Glen Iris, 1949-1968; Burwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Evan Anderson|Anderson, Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8K-87V] - 1902(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EA Port Welshpool (1937-1939); Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1880, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Abbotsford, Vic, 1925-1926); wireless mechanic (Meeniyan, Vic, 1928); fisherman (Port Welshpool, Vic, 1936-1943); inspector D.A.P. (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/F. W. Anderson|Anderson, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LE Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1922); 965 Sydney (Bondi, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frederic Brian Anderson|Anderson, Frederic Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YN-TYJ] - 1918(Eng)-2008(SA)90yo - Licences: 5FA Tanunda (1934-1939); 5FA Waikerie (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1351, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tanunda, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/G. R. Anderson|Anderson, G. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Gilberton, 1923); 5GA Adelaide (Highgate, 1931-1933; Myrtle Bank, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Shields Anderson|Anderson, James Shields]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSG-BYJ] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Preston, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2357, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1926-1931); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1934-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

* [[/John Francis Anderson|Anderson, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JJ-WFL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JA Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3JA Nullawarre (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 661, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Warrnambool, 1936; Nullawarre, 1937-1980)- Comment: Several contemporaneous JFAs

* [[/Keith Sydney Anderson|Anderson, Keith Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-8J9] - 1911(WA)-1944(Vic) - Licences: 6KS Perth (North Perth, 1935); 6KS Mt Magnet (1937); 6KS Perth (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1487, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd/1st Infantry Battalion, Private) - Electoral rolls: bank officer (Mt Magnet, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/618137 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1691738 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10295040 AWM]

* [[/Maurice Bernard Anderson|Anderson, Maurice Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3V-WL9] - 1908(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1923-1924); 5MA Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1925-1928); 3AMA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 103, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; fitter - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/Percy James Anderson|Anderson, Percy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WN-6Y7] - 1908(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PA Melbourne (Westgarth, 1928-1933; West Preston, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PA Dooen (1965-1969); 3PA Geelong (Wallington, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 428, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Westgarth, 1934); engineer (Preston, 1936-1963); technician (Horsham, 1967-1968); retired (Wallington, 1972-1980) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3JR Christopher James Rainbow

* [[/Robert Arthur Crosbie Anderson|Anderson, Robert Arthur Crosbie &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-GZN] - 1908(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3WY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 691, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Camberwell, 1931-1949; Glen Iris, 1954-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Alexander Anderson|Anderson, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9F-F36] - 1906(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Harwood Island (1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1113, 1928 (Spark); COCP2 93, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Harwood Island, NSW, 1932-1937); labourer (Chatsworth Island, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''ANDREWS''===

* [[/Alan Robert Andrews|Andrews, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQW-6GJ] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Erson Leonard Andrews|Andrews, Erson Leonard &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55V-CD8] - 1916(NSW)-2016(NSW)100yo - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1947; Fairfield West, 1948-1950); 2BO Goulburn (1954-1980+); 2BBO Mossy Point (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2251, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenelg, SA, 1939); medical detailer (Fairfield, NSW, 1949); chemist (Goulburn, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Goulburn, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Howard Lyell Andrews|Andrews, Howard Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WQ9-H6M] - 1900(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HY Murchison (1936-1939); 3HY Melbourne (East Kew, 1947-1948); 3HY Hamilton (1954-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1840, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Koo Wee Rup, Vic, 1924; Neerim South, Vic, 1928; Tatura, Vic, 1931; Murchison, Vic, 1936-1942; Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954; Hamilton, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''ANEAR''===

* [[/Francis George Anear|Anear, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XLK-9D6] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5LK Carrow (1929-1931); 9WZ Momote, Admiralty Islands (1954); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1955); 3AGF Melbourne (Laverton, 1960); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 556, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as Francis George Anear

===''ANGEL''===

* [[/Henry Benjamin Angel|Angel, Henry Benjamin &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWW-K4Y] - 1891(Eng)-1998(Qld, 106yo) - Licences: 4HA Brisbane (St Lucia, 1935-1939; Enoggera, 1946-1969; Lota, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1503, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW1, AIF Signals; WW2, AMF, Navy); business proprietor (radio service) - QSLs: Entire collection held by SLQ - Halcyon: p. 51, 60, 81, 163 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919; Toowong, Qld, 1919-1925); carrier (St Lucia, Qld, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Lota, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Anscombe|Anscombe, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TL-7LR] - 1888(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: turner &amp; fitter (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1913; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914); mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); manager (Box Hill, Vic, 1927-1943)

===''ANSELL''===

* [[/Lewis Charles Ansell|Ansell, Lewis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLZ-T41] - 1905(Eng)-1983(???) - Licences: 2TO Sydney (Woollahra, 1932-1937); 2TO Newcastle (Waratah, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 2BTO Newcastle (Waratah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1028, 1932, NSW; COCP2 427, 1933; COCP1 331, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval wireless operator (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1931); police trainee (Woollahra, NSW, 1932-1933); constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Waratah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ANSLOW''===

* [[/Arthur Zeathen Anslow|Anslow, Arthur Zeathen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSK-ZHF] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Balgowlah, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Manly, NSW, 1930-1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1972)

===''ANSTEY''===

* [[/David Howell Anstey|Anstey, David Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHB-B3C] - 1906(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4DM Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2237, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Coorparoo, Qld, 1934-1937); taxi driver (Buranda, Qld, 1943); manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''ANTHONY''===

* [[/Michael Henry Anthony|Anthony, Michael Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK3H-6B7] - 1894(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); telegraphist (Prahran, 1921-1924); clerk (Oakleigh, 1934); railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); telegraphist (Sandringham, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Major Anthony|Anthony, Reginald Major &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYN-YWG] - 1908(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5CM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1937; Medindie Gardens, 1938-1939; Prospect, 1946-1960; Somerton Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 324, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Wilfred Boykett Anthony - Electoral Rolls: Nil

* [[/Thomas Reginald Anthony|Anthony, Thomas Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51Y-JSK] - 1906(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2HR Sydney (Concord, 1935-1936); 2AEC Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 2TR Sydney (Burwood, 1946; Kogarah, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1484, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2HR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2HR Lochinvar? commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1932; Concord, NSW, 1933-1935); electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Wilfred Boykett Anthony|Anthony, Wilfred Boykett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYJ-3HZ] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil identified - amateur receive operator, WW2 - Relationships: Brother of Reginald Major Anthony - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Netherby, 1939-1941)

===''APPERLEY''===

* [[/George Apperley|Apperley, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNQ-5XG] - 1887(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 704, 1922; 1COCP 237, 1931 - NZ Gov. Telegraphs pre 1910; British Colonial Gov, 1910-1912; AWA (from 1913; Chief Marconi Wireless School 1914-1916; Works Manager 1916-1919; technical superintendent 1919-1923; OIC Beam Wireless 1924; Traffic Manager, Beam Wireless - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1922); manager (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1943); engineer (Manly, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;George Apperley&quot;

===''APPLETON''===

* [[/William Thomas Traill Appleton|Appleton, William Thomas Traill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVQ-RR8] - 1883(Vic)-1916(France) - Licences: XJQ Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: ship owner (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1916) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/275799 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ARCHER''===

* [[/Robert William Archer|Archer, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55M-G19] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2UD Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1517, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1943-1958); electrical engineer (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''ARCHIBALD''===

* [[/Ian Wilson Archibald|Archibald, Ian Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-9LC] - 1902(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Receive Tingha (1922); 2KU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1928-1939, 1946-1955; Sans Souci, 1956-1965; Noraville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 457, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 2393, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1933); engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1936-1954); chemist (Sans Souci, 1958-1963); retired (Noraville, 1968)

* [[/Leslie Kirkwood Archibald|Archibald, Leslie Kirkwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS53-BDL] - 1920(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2155, 1938, Vic; BOCP 230, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Footscray South, Vic, 1949); finisher (South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Moorabbin, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ARGAET''===

* [[/William Stanislaus Argaet|Argaet, William Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-8Z8] - 1894(NSW)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4KH Brisbane (Wynnum, 1931-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (Wynnum bus service) - Halcyon, p. 87, 127 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, 1925); bus proprietor (Wynnum, 1928-1949)

===''ARGOON''===

* [[/Archibald John Argoon|Argoon, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4V-JQG] - 1914(SA)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3IT Melbourne (Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1319, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burwood, Vic, 1936-1937); broadcast mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1968); audio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ARMATI''===

* [[/Rex Gordon Armati|Armati, Rex Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2S42-XKH] - 1899(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1921-1928); salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1936-1943); employment officer (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1954-1958; Kings Cross, 1963); shipping clerk (Surry Hills, 1968-1972)

===''ARMSTRONG''===

* [[/Edwin Howard Armstrong|Armstrong, Edwin Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5ZX-354] - 1890(USA)-1954(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - USA inventor of the superheterodyne receiver [https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Club-of-America/Legacies-of-Edwin-Howard-Armstong-1990-11-Radio-Club-of-America.pdf RCA 1990 Special Edition]

* [[/Stanley John Armstrong|Armstrong, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4V-K7Y] - 1910?(NSW)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4ZK Brisbane (Enoggera, 1932-1933); 4SA Brisbane (Enoggera, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1004, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Windsor, Qld, 1919); clerk (Enoggera, Qld, 1922-1968)

* [[/Thomas Armstrong|Armstrong, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Q-GGZ] - 1895(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 217, 1916; 1COCP 132, 1930 - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD) - senior federal public servant (Superintendent, Wireless Branch, NSW, PMGD), promoted to role upon retirement of William Tamillas Stephen Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;Thomas Armstrong&quot;

* [[/W. E. Armstrong|Armstrong, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WE Mt Sisa, Misima Island, Papua (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ARNOLD''===

* [[/Albert Sydney Arnold|Arnold, Albert Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M2W-ZG2] - 1882(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XAB Sydney (Ashfield, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1913-1954); company secretary (Hurlstone Park, 1958); retired (Hurlstone Park, 1963)

* [[/Clifton John Arnold|Arnold, Clifton John &quot;Clif&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8B-GTM] - 1915(Tas)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3AJA Stratford (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2550, 1945, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stratford, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Edwin Charles Arnold|Arnold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8QX-H7J] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Receive Tamworth (1922); 2BY Tamworth (1923-1925); 2BY Coolah (1925-1927); 2BY Sydney (Manly, 1928; Mona Vale, 1933-1936); 2AGW Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 226, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mona Vale, 1931-1934), clerk (Balgowlah Heights, 1943-1968)

* [[/Ernest Noel Arnold|Arnold, Ernest Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84H-8J6] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Albury (1923-1924); 2OJ Albury (1928-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 452, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albury, 1930-1937); fruit merchant (Albury, 1949-1977)

* [[/John Bowman Arnold|Arnold, John Bowman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN22-6GS] - 1899(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: XJCL Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 350, 1918 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924; Gardiner, Vic, 1926-1937; Vermont, Vic, 1942-1963; Kew, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Leslie Grahame Arnold|Arnold, Joseph Leslie Grahame &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L853-R3J] - 1912(Vic)-1991(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Launceston (City, 1934-1939; Invermay, 1946-1956; Mowbray, 1960-1969; City, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1263, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Launceston North, 1936-1954); mechanic (Mowbray, 1968)

* [[/William Henry Redvers Arnold|Arnold, William Henry Redvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J7-SZ1] - 1903(Eng)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Wembley, 1936-1937); 6BA Katanning (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1762, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1937); electrical fitter (Katanning, WA, 1943; Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); fitter (Scarborough, WA, 1954); electrician (Scarborough, WA, 1958); engineer (Floreat Park, WA, 1963); electrical contractor (West Perth, WA, 1968; South Perth, WA, 1972); electrician (Australind, WA, 1977)

===''ARTHUR''===

* [[/Charles James Glendon Arthur|Arthur, Charles James Glendon &quot;Glen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-T62] - 1915(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences 4GJ Dayboro (1935-1939); 4GJ Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1450, 1935, Qld; BOCP?; 2COCP 493, 1941; 1COCP 639, 1942 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 80 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, 1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, 1949-1980)

* [[/Roy William Arthur|Arthur, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-FBT] - 1906(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2ADO Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1743, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wollongong, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1958)

===''ASHBURY''===

* [[/A. W. C. Ashbury|Ashbury, A. W. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ASHBY''===

* [[/Maurice John Ashby|Ashby, Maurice John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-L1C] - 1901(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4DH Receive Dalby (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 899, 1925; 2COCP 94, 1930; 1COCP 281, 1932 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dalby, 1922); labourer (Greenslopes, 1925); salesman (Glebe, 1933; Northbridge, 1935-1936; Epping, 1937); radio telegraphist (New Farm, Qld, 1943); planning assistant (Haberfield, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949; Thornleigh, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''ASHE''===

* [[/Reginald Bartley Ashe|Ashe, Reginald Bartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4C2-8ZQ] - 1895(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: XLF Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 4th Australian Division Signals Company) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern East, Vic, 1922); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1925); insurance inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1926) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1587219 AWM - Military Cross]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10187003 AWM - Lieutenant]

===''ASHFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Henry Ashford|Ashford, Herbert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13X-1V4] - 1876(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 6CM Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: batteryman (Jolimont, WA, 1912-1913); civil servant (Bunbury, WA, 1916); mechanic (West Subiaco, WA, 1922-1931); telephone mechanic (Kenwick, WA, 1936); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1937; Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1937; Canley Vale, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''ASHLEY''===

* [[/George William Richard Ashley|Ashley, George William Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF96-CMZ] - 1919(Eng)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6GA Perth (Carlisle, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 6GA Kalgoorlie (1955-1956); 6GA Perth (Mt Yokine, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2094, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlisle, WA, 1943-1949); communications officer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

* [[/Percy Ashley|Ashley, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6JV-FSN] - 1888(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely Navy qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naval Depot, Williamstown, Vic, 1914-1917); telegraphist (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1922); RANR (Footscray, Vic, 1924); telegraphist (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1925); CPO instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1926-1927); instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1931; Prahran, Vic, 1935-1937); labourer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); nil (East Shelbourne, Vic, 1954; Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1963-1967)

===''ASHLIN''===

* [[/Eric Robert Ashlin|Ashlin, Eric Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSRF-44C] - 1910(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4EA Brisbane (Annerley, 1931-1933); 4EA Toowoomba (1937-1939); 4EA Coolangatta (1946-1947); 4EA Bilinga (1948-1975) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 873, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Rosentengels, radio service); military (WW2; signals officer) - Halcyon: p. 73, 127, 163 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1943; Bilinga, Qld, 1949-1963); TV technician (Bilinga, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ASMUS''===

* [[/Hermann Johann Christian Alexander Asmus|Asmus, Hermann Johann Christian Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3P-959] - 1889(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3ET Melbourne (Footscray, 1933-1939; Melbourne City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1084, 1933, Vic; 2COCP 254, 1939; 1COCP 281, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Tambo, Qld, 1913); not stated (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); nil (Footscray, Vic, 1928-1937)

===''ASMUSSEN''===

* [[/Donald Wills Asmussen|Asmussen, Donald Wills &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-65T] - 1932(Qld)-2023(Qld)90yo - Licences: 4ZJA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1965); 4FA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1507, 1963; AOCP 4367, 1965, Qld - amateur operator; JOTA participant 1960s - Comment: Mentor to SSD - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958-1972; Mt Gravatt East, Qld, 1977)

===''ASPLET''===

* [[/William Cecil Asplet|Asplet, William Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-RZP] - 1919(???)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ALT Sydney (Rockdale, 1939, 1946-1955; Bexley, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2258, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943-1954); telecommunications technician (Bexley, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ASTON''===

* [[/Ronald Horace Aston|Aston, Ronald Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCXN-B4V] - 1913(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2418, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Eastwood, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ATHELSTONE''===

* [[/G. N. Athelstone|Athelstone, G. N.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5NG Central Australia (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ATHERDEN''===

* [[/Francis Anthony Hugo Atherden|Atherden, Francis Anthony Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KQ-BGB] - 1913(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AEH Broken Hill (1936-1938); 2AEH Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Kyeemagh, 1948; Kogarah, 1950-1969); 2AEH Sussex Inlet (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1754, 1936, NSW; COCP3 N354, 1969 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Harcourt, NSW, 1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); radio technician (Kyeemagh, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Kogarah, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Sussex Inlet South, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ATKINS''===

* [[/Kenneth Joseph Atkins|Atkins, Kenneth Joseph &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXH-NW7] - 1912(Eng)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (Semaphore, 1932-1939; Woodville Park, 1946-1948; Eden Hills, 1954; Blackwood Park, 1955-1960; Campbelltown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 910, 1932, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 415, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Dept. Civil Aviation) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Semaphore, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Morton Atkins|Atkins, Leslie Morton &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCTV-T5T] - 1876(Vic)-1949(WA) - Licences: 4LA Townsville (1924-1926); 5LA Adelaide (Magill, 1926-1931; Tusmore, 1933; Erindale, 1937-1939); seems to have operated in Townsville as 4GD ca Nov 1924? - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (telegraphist, east-west overland telegraph, Eucla, 1910); engineer (PMGD, divisional engineer) - Halcyon: AOCP Townsville 1925, p. 88 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1903-1910; Victoria Park, 1912-1916); district engineer (Townsville, 1919-1925); engineer (Tusmore, 1939); retired (Lismore Base Hospital, NSW, 1943)

===''ATKINSON''===

* [[/John Marshall Atkinson|Atkinson, John Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89L-C6R] - 1906(Eng)-1999(ACT) - Licences: 2RZ Sydney (Mosman, 1927-1930; Carrs Park, 1931-1936; Glebe, 1937; Chippendale, 1938-1939); 4RZ Labrador (1955); 4RZ Gatton (1956-1960); 4RZ Southport (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 331, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); organiser (Darlinghurst, 1943); shopkeeper (Gatton, 1958-1963; Labrador, 1968); retired (Southport, 1972-1980)

* [[/Noel Whittaker Atkinson|Atkinson, Noel Whittaker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2XX-V88] - 1908(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4WK Brisbane (1929); 4NA Brisbane (1930-1935, Check); 4BT Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1946-1965+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 530, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio sales &amp; service); federal public servant (DCA) - Withdrawal: - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camp Hill, 1937-1977) - (Halcyon, p. 102)

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Atkinson|Atkinson, Reginald Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V5M-WJC] - 1895(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1928-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 412, 1928, No. 46 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1919); accountant (Rosewood, 1925); timber merchant (Yeronga, 1925; Thompson Estate, 1937-1949; Southport, 1958-1963)

* [[/Robert Henry Atkinson|Atkinson, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-2P3] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6WZ Perth (Victoria Park, 1936-1939); 6WZ Geraldton (1947-1955); 6WZ Albany (1956-1965); 6WZ Katanning (1969); 6WZ Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1804, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1937); radio announcer (Geraldton, WA, 1943); broadcast station manager (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Albany, WA, 1958-1968); radio announcer (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AUGUSTESEN''===

* [[/Gordon Gerald Augustesen|Augustesen, Gordon Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-LF9] - 1915(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4JN Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1932-1939); 4XQ Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1960; Kenmore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1046, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, radar technician); business proprietor (Telair) - Halcyon: p. 85, 127 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mitchelton, Qld, 1943); manager (Auchenflower, Qld, 1949; Dorrington, Qld, 1954-1963; Kenmore, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''AULD''===

* [[/John Redmond Auld|Auld, John Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYN4-8D8] - 1914(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1708, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1943)

===''AUSTIN''===

* [[/Emanuel Maxwell Austin|Austin, Emanuel Maxwell &quot;Mannie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-98K] - 1909(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2KZ Kurri Kurri (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 477, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clipper (Kurri Kurri, 1930-1980)

* [[/Henry Lashbrooke Austin|Austin, Henry Lashbrooke &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4V2-LDC] - 1902(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BN Adelaide (Norwood, 1923-1928); 5AW Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 101, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Victoria Park, SA, 1939; Rose Park, 1941-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;5BN-5AW - Henry Lashbrooke Austin&quot;

* [[/Selwood Charles Austin|Austin, Selwood Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TVV] - 1902(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6SA Perth (Victoria Park, 1927; South Perth, 1930-1956; Maida Vale, 1960-1969; Morley, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 625, 1921; 1COCP 134, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother-in-law of Stanley Hogg - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Perth, WA, 1931-1958); police officer (Maida Vale, WA, 1963-1968; Kalamunda, WA, 1972); retired (Morley, WA, 1977-1980)

===''AUSTWICK''===

* [[/Ernest Dalton Austwick|Austwick, Ernest Dalton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHG-8V7] - 1913(Eng)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NW Sydney (Kirribilli, 1934-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Rose Bay, 1939; Dover Heights, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 437, 1933; COCP1 342, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kirribilli, NSW, 1937); engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); tv mechanic (Earlwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''AVARD''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Avard|Avard, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-RRL] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 620, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 88, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Northcote, 1925-1937); public servant (Kew, 1943-1977)

===''AVERY''===

* [[/Keith George Avery|Avery, Keith George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT31-7VC] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AMS Sydney (Harbord, 1939); 4KG Brisbane (Hamilton, 1947-1948); 2KJ Uranquinty (1955); 3AJV Melbourne (City, 1956); 4KN Ipswich (Amberley, 1965); 4KG Townsville (1969); 4KG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1975); 4KG Townsville (Yacht Panku, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2333, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1096, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toombul, Qld, 1949); broadcasting technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954); RAAF (Dickson, ACT, 1963); RAAF (RAAF Base, Garbutt, Qld, 1968; RAAF Base, Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''AYLING''===

* [[/Russell Newberry Ayling|Ayling, Russell Newberry or Newbury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G96N-91L] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1616, 1936, NSW; BOCP 37, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Dubbo, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); broadcasting (Ermington, NSW, 1958-1963); advertising executive (Beecroft, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''AYRE''===

* [[/Denys Randall Ayre|Ayre, Denys Randall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6H5-H32] - 1920(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3KP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; Box Hill, 1948-1954; Malvern, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1786, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1949-1954); architect (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''AYRES''===

* [[/John Alfred Ayres|Ayres, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55X-F9K] - 1913(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2IN Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1937; Hurstville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1502, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1937; Waverley South, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949)

=='''B'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''BACKHOUSE''===

* [[/Samuel Burder Stewart Backhouse|Backhouse, Samuel Burder Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB6Z-H55] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1969-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2070, 1938, Vic; BOCP 149, 1938; TVOCP 168, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963-1967; Caulfield South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BACKLER''===

* [[/Eric Lincoln Backler|Backler, Eric Lincoln]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV8Q-6SK] - 1911(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5HK Kingston SE (1933-1939, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1093, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Kingston, SA, 1939)

===''BADENOCH''===

* [[/James Herbert Lionel Badenoch|Badenoch, James Herbert Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-3XK] - 1913(NSW)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5LB Adelaide (Trinity Gardens, 1932-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1012, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BADER''===

* [[/Henry Adolphus Frederick Bader|Bader, Henry Adolphus Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97M3-V5X] - 1866(Ger)-1928(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman, Trading Committee, Wireless Development Assoc (Perth); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WDA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (North Perth, 1913-1926)

===''BADGER''===

* [[/Albert Victor Badger|Badger, Albert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9RY-9X6] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2YT Receive Sydney (Rozelle, 1923-1924); 2AB Sydney (Rozelle, 1925-1926; North Sydney, 1927-1929; Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1931-1934; Leichhardt, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 202, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Hobart East, 1919); picture operator (Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1934; Lilyfield, 1937-1972; Leichhardt, 1977-1980)

===''BAGST''===

* [[/E. D. A. Bagst|Bagst, E. D. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5EB Adelaide (Woodville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: individual not yet identified, possibly Elizabeth D. Bagst nee Boyle who married Leslie Bagst at Newtown, NSW 1925, possible YL operator

===''BAIL''===

* [[/Frederick George Bail|Bail, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-328] - 1917(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3YS Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1844, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3ABA James Oliver Bail - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Box Hill, Vic, 1943-1968; Box Hill North, 1972-1977)

* [[/James Oliver Bail|Bail, James Oliver &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-V6V] - 1914(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3ABA Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 1, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3YS Frederick George Bail - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-54); builder (Box Hill, Vic, 1963; Canterbury, Vic, 1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BAILEY''===

* [[/George Bailey|Bailey, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKW-8PX] - 1882(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5GB Mt Gambier (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 79, 1915 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retired (Mt Gambier, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Edward Bailey| Bailey, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-XSN] - 1916(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AGI Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939); 2AEI Sydney (Bondi, 1950; Kogarah, 1954); 2AEI Narrandera (1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1896, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) – Comment: Another contemporaneous GEB - Electoral Rolls: apprenticed fitter (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943); aircraft surveyor (Narrandera, NSW, 1954);  director (Narrandera, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Jack Harry Bailey|Bailey, Jack Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KG85-LZ4] - 1912(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4JC Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1299, 1934, Qld; BOCP 1902, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical mechanic (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1954); teacher (Tarragindi, Qld, 1958-1963); college principal (Mackay, Qld, 1968); principal (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972; Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Howard Bailey|Bailey, Robert Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLM-1X6] - 1917(SA)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5NW Crystal Brook (1936-1939); 5NW Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1947-1948; Huddleston, 1954-1960); 5NW Crystal Brook (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1764, 1936, SA; BOCP 673, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BAILUE''===

* [[/Ivan Bailue|Bailue, Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-ZTW] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TN Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1937); 2AEL Sydney (Randwick, 1937); 2TN Sydney (Waverley, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Randwick, 1955-1961; Engadine, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1395, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Randwick, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949-1954; Randwick, NSW, 1958); mechanic (Engadine, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''BAIN''===

* [[/Henry Murdoch Bain|Bain, Henry Murdoch or Murdock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY9L-721] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Werribee, 1937-1939); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1947-1948); 3CC Ballarat (1954-1956); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 123, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1931); wireless operator (Werribee, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Essendon North, Vic, 1949); RAAF officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954); RAAF (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/John Leonard Bain|Bain, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4V-6SV] - 1891(Eng)-19??(NSW?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 109, 1915 - ship wireless officer (pre WW1, WW1); journalist (technical editor, Listener-In, -1934+); clubs (IRE USA); WW1 (1916-1919); Associate Editor, Popular Radio Weekly (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Popular Radio Weekly, Victoria) - Education: B.Sc.(London) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1925-1936); journalist (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10688424 AWM]

===''BAIRD''===

* [[/Thomas William Allan Baird|Baird, Thomas William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKG-JVD] - 1886(Qld)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Receive Brisbane (Bayswater, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (AIF, 11 Field Company Engineers, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (North Pine, Qld, 1908); labourer (Bayswater, Qld, 1912-1913); storeman (Torwood, Qld, 1916-1943)

* [[/W. Baird|Baird, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIG Sydney (Hurstville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''BAKER''===

* [[/Alfred William Baker|Baker, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HT-9KZ] - 1917(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5BQ Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2373, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Claude Baker|Baker, Andrew Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-RZ9] - 1897(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 144, 1915; 2COCP 193, 1930; 1COCP 303, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917; Rockhampton, 1919-1934)

* [[/Charles Whiteway Baker|Baker, Charles Whiteway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL93-HYP] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3VP Receive Bendigo (1923-1924); 3VP Bendigo (1925-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 156, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 451, 1942 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a &quot;listener&quot;); merchant - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bendigo, 1927-1931); merchant (Bendigo, 1934-1968; Kennington, 1972-1977)

* [[/Edwin Weldon Baker|Baker, Edwin Weldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWP-F1D] - 1895(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4CI Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 733, 1922 - amateur receiver - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Northgate, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ernest James Baker|Baker, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-K5B] - 1904(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2FP Receive Newcastle (Maryville, 1922-1923); 2FP Newcastle (Maryville, 1924-1928; Wickham, 1929; Hamilton, 1930-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 69, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, 1930-1972)

* [[/Herbert Edward Baker|Baker, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-245] - 1875(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Charleville (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; grazier - Halcyon: p. 81, 111 - Electoral Rolls: station manager (Charleville, 1903); grazier (Charleville, 1908-1943)

* [[/Harold Graham Baker|Baker, Harold Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZV-F8J] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3GB Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1436, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, Lieutenant Commander, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943); student (Auburn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Frederick Thomas Baker|Baker, John Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY6-8XY] - 1908(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (Northcote, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 325, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1936; Preston, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Sidney Charles Baker|Baker, Sydney or Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZSZ-J4H] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1922-1924), 3BK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1925-1933; Albert Park, 1937; South Melbourne, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Bonbeach, 1955-1969; Seaford, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 177, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (South Melbourne, 1937); optical mechanic (Carrum, 1963-1972); retired (Carrum, 1977)

* [[/Thomas Despard Baker|Baker, Thomas Despard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSD-1Z3] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3DK Boonoonar (1935-1939); 3DK Melbourne (Sunshine, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1570, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Boonoonar, Vic, 1937; Koo-wee-rup, Vic, 1942); process worker (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1963; Albion, Vic, 1967-1972; Sunshine, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Walter Ross Baker|Baker, Walter Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CY-D78] - 1905(SA)-1978(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''BALDERSON''===

* [[/Loris John Balderson|Balderson, Loris John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-1RW] - 1895(Vic)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; RAAF (Flying Officer, Technical Branch, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: officer, RAAF (Footscray, 1924); flying officer (Werribee, 1925); flight-lieutenant (Werribee, 1931) - Links: [https://www.crossandcockade.com/uploads/Balderson.pdf Bio]

===''BALDEY''===

* [[/Kelvin Coxall Baldey|Baldey, Kelvin Coxall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LG-KYB] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 811, 1931, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1943; Mackay, Qld, 1949; Maryborough, Qld, 1954); bank manager (Boonah, Qld, 1958; Bardon, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BALDOCK''===

* [[/Alexander Baldock|Baldock, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BF-KQ3] - 1915(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3XQ Melbourne (Preston, 1933-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1196, 1933, Vic; COCP2 517, 1941; COCP1 559, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1937-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

===''BALL''===

* [[/Cyril William Ball|Ball, Cyril William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q6-7YH] - 1910(Eng)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1938; Brighton-le-Sands, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 747, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1936); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1972; Monterrey, NSW, 1980)

===''BALLINGER''===

* [[/James William Ballinger|Ballinger, James William &quot;Jerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKS-Z98] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NK Camperdown (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 953, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Camperdown, Vic, 1931-1980)

===''BALSILLIE''===

* [[/John Graeme Balsillie|Balsillie, John Graeme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7MR-7MN] - 1885(Qld)-1924(USA) - radio business proprietor, senior federal public servant (PMGS, Commonwealth Wireless Expert), inventor, (Halcyon, not mentioned) - [https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/balsillie-john-graeme-5117 ADB]

===''BAMFIELD''===

* [[/Alfred George Bamfield|Bamfield, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM19-HNG] - 1892(NSW)-1918(NZL) - Licences: XQJ Corfield (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Halcyon: p. 3 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Muttaburra, Qld, 1913)

===''BANCROFT''===

* [[/Dawn Bancroft|Coleman nee Bancroft, Dawn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5NB-S5X] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author (&quot;Adventures of a Radio Technician: My 50 Years with Telecom and the ABC&quot; &quot;This book is dedicated first of all to my father, Stanley John Bancroft, whose story this is, and all those other unknown and unseen radio technicians working behind the scenes without whom Radio would not exist&quot; - Relationships: Daughter of Stanley John Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

* [[/Stanley John Bancroft|Ryan (biological) or Bancroft (fostered), Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3X-W6M] - 1909(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Broadcast technician (2CY); federal public servant (PMGD, ABC) - Relationships: Father of Dawn Coleman nee Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (St Peters, NSW, 1931; Tempe, NSW, 1933-1937); broadcast mechanic (Reid, ACT, 1943); broadcast technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954; Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1968; Lugarno, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

===''BANKS''===

* [[/Harold Edward William Banks|Banks, Harold Edward William &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S7-3BT] - 1911(NZL)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7HB Hobart (North Hobart, 1938-1939; Richmond, 1946-1956; Penna, 1960-1965; New Town, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (New Zealand?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hobart North, 1936-1937); council clerk (Richmond, 1943-1954)

* [[/Stanley William Banks|Banks, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX94-6DH] - 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2SB Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939); 2ASS Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1122, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937); builder (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BANNISTER''===

* [[/Claude Bannister|Bannister, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8V6-GPZ] - 1892(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCX Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914; Balaclava, Vic, 1914; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1915-1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1919); farmer (Lake Boga, Vic, 1919-1934); sales (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); postal employee (Mansfield, Vic, 1943; Benalla, Vic, 1949-1954); nil (Benalla, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Keith Bannister|Bannister, Henry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCV-X6D] - 1898(Fiji)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XACU - Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Hambledon, Qld, 1921); sugar chemist (Racecourse Mill, Mackay, Qld, 1925); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1963); nil (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XACU - Henry Keith Bannister&quot; - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2152700 WW1 Nominal Roll]

===''BANYER''===

* [[/Ingram Banyer|Banyer, Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9F95-CYX] - 1893(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: XVQ Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Blackwood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BARBER''===

* [[/Samuel George Barber|Barber, Samuel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-66B] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1933-1937; Woodville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1232, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Woodville, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM, Berri, SA, 1941; Glenelg, SA, 1943)

* [[/William Henry Barber|Barber, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY4N-QRD] - 1897(SA)-1965(WA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cumberland, 1923-1925); 5WH Adelaide (Cumberland, 1926-1931); 5WH Port Pirie (1933-1937); 6DX Kalgoorlie (1938-1939; 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 266, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1937-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;5WH - William Henry Barber&quot;

===''BARBIER''===

* [[/Edward Alphonse Barbier|Barbier, Edward Alphonse or Alphonse Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-5TW] - 1904(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: 5MD Adelaide (Stockdale Reserve, 1932-1939; City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 958, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARBOUR''===

* [[/Kenneth Heyward Barbour|Barbour, Kenneth Heyward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-1VZ] - 1905(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZI Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: AOCP 105, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARDIN''===

* [[/William Frederic Bardin|Bardin, William Frederic or Frederick &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;Old Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSS9-TG4] - 1899(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (North Carlton, 1923-1925); 4AB Townsville (1925-1927); 4AB Brisbane (Fairfield &amp; Yeronga, 1931-1933); 2ABZ Sydney (Ermington &amp; Dundas  1937-1939, 1946-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 615, 1921; 1COCP 58, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); coastal radio operator (AWA); state public servant (4QG); federal public servant (Halcyon, p. 63) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1922); radio engineer (Townsville, 1925; Buranda, 1926; Fairfield, 1928); engineer (Dundas, 1936-1943; Eastwood, 1949-1968)

===''BARKER''===

* [[/Rupert Morphew Barker|Barker, Rupert Morphew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGH-7LM] - 1890(Eng)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 5RM Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1933); 7RM Hobart (City, 1947-1948; Lenah Valley, 1949-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in England) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; broadcast engineer (sound) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1936; Hobart North, Tas, 1937; Hobart South, Tas, 1943); sound engineer (Hobart West, Tas, 1949); engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954; New Town, Tas, 1963)

* [[/William Henry Barker|Barker, William Henry (R.?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHGY-243] - 1905(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Concord, 1923-1924); 2BW Sydney (Concord, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 217, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Concord, 1930-1943) - Comment: beware several contemporaneous William Henry Barker's

===''BARLIN''===

* [[/George Kenneth Barlin|Barlin, George Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2VX-DP3] - 1916(NSW)-2016(ACT) - qualifications (BOCP 67, 1937), long term employee 2CA Canberra, manager TV network

===''BARLOW''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Barlow|Barlow, Albert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-6YM] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2IO Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Miranda, 1946-1948; Sutherland, 1950-1969); 2BLX Sydney (Sutherland, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1336, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937); tester (Miranda, NSW, 1943-1949); storekeeper (Sutherland, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Edward Barlow|Barlow, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-2FL] - 1895(NSW)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 2GQ Receive Armidale (1922); 2GQ Armidale (1922-1926); 2GQ Glen Innes (1927); 2GQ Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1928); 2GQ Canberra (1929); 2GQ Mudgee (1930-1931); 2GQ Sydney (Cammeray, 1933-1934; North Sydney, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4, 1924, No. 3 in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mudgee, 1930-1932; Cammeray, 1933-1935; Milsons Point, 1936; Mosman, 1937); divisional returning officer (Bathurst, 1943; Mosman, 1949-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2GQ - Edward Barlow&quot;

===''BARNES''===

* [[/Alfred Joseph Barnes|Barnes, Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-P6M] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Bondi North, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1975; Telopea, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1562, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1934-1954); engineer (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Telopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric Harold Barnes|Barnes, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXH-29C] - 1914(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3DQ Melbourne (Moreland, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 739, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Edward Barnes|Barnes, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-856] - 1912(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2OX Lismore (1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1343, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937); telegraphist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); audit inspector (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Thomas Walter Barnes|Barnes, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z6-PZ2] - 1910(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3TB Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1929-1933; Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; West Brunswick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 537, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 243,1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ascot Vale, 1931-1936); mechanic (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1942); electrical maintenance (West Brunswick, 1949-1980) - Comment: another contemporaneous Thomas Walter Barnes (1893-1925)

* [[/Thomas William Barnes|Barnes, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CH-CY5] - 1913(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ABI Sydney (Undercliffe, 1936-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1950); 2ABI Wollongong (Fairy Meadow, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1608, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1943); lecturer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949; Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Valentine Leo Barnes|Barnes, Valentine or Valentine Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBCN-85J] - 1893(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1913); Receive (Valve Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3QE Melbourne (Brighton East, 1960); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified ca 1912) - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1925; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1967; Brighton East, Vic, 1972)

===''BARNETT''===

* [[/Cobrey Morton Barnett|Barnett, Cobrey Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN77-CTM] - 1907(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3VD Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1956; West Melbourne, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2204, 1938, Vic; COCP3 1595, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Parkdale, Vic, 1937-1954)

* [[/Frederick Stanley Barnett|Barnett, Frederick Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN23-CSB] - 1890(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XJDN Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: sailmaker (Williamstown, Vic, 1912-1919); postal mechanic (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1963)

===''BARRACLOUGH''===

* [[/Francis Barraclough|Barraclough, Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KL-MNY] - 1903(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4GY Brisbane (Kedron, 1933-1935); 4GX Brisbane (Kedron, 1935-1939; 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1075, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2); radio service (Palings) - Halcyon: p. 81 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Kedron, 1937-1972)

===''BARRATT''===

* [[/William Gordon Barratt|Barratt, William Gordon &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2N7-Y2D] - 1912(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Geelong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2126, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Geelong, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BARRY''===

* [[/John Milton Waugh Barry|Barry, John Milton Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS8-KQL] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 745, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1942); architect (Essendon, Vic, 1949); farmer (Casterton, Vic, 1954); grazier (Casterton, Vic, 1963); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1967; Learmonth, Vic, 1967)

* [[/William Lawrence Barry|Barry, William Lawrence (BMD) or Lawrence William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MK6C-NBK] - 1905(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: storeman (South Brisbane, Qld, 1929); taxi driver (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''BARTHOLD''===

* [[/Godfrey Lewis Barthold|Barthold, Godfrey Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKR-JWZ] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GL Melbourne (Malvern, 1925-1927); 3BT Melbourne (Malvern, 1931-1939; Glen Iris, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 210, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3GL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3GL Geelong commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1931); radio manufacturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BARTHOLOMEW''===

* [[/Charles Percy Bartholomew|Bartholomew, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CZ-8YR] - 1861(Eng)-1942(NSW) - Licences: XBM Sydney (Mosman, 1911-1914); 2FO Receive Sydney (Kirribilli, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; company director (AWA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Milsons Point, 1930-1937) - Comment: famously charged and convicted of trading with the enemy during WW1 but only slapped on wrist (together with Ernest Thomas Fisk and Hugh Robert Denison) - TroveTag: &quot;XBM-2FO - Charles Percy Bartholomew&quot;

===''BARTON''===

* [[/Edward Gustavus Campbell Barton|Barton, Edward Gustavus Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ57-87Y] - 1857(Vic)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; scientist; business proprietor (Barton &amp; White) - Halcyon: not mentioned) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/barton-edward-gustavus-campbell-9445 ADB]

* [[/Graham Francis Barton|Barton, Graham Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5P-KYT] - 1918(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5BN Mt Gambier (1937-1939); 5BN Adelaide (Unley, 1947-1956; Malvern, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1993, 1937, SA; 1COCP 1709, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hyde Park, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Richard McRae Barton|Barton, Richard McRae &quot;Dick&quot;]] - 1940(???)-2021(Qld) - broadcast engineer, director engineering FACTS (1981-2001), ABU Engineering Award 2004, Fellow SMPTE, contributed to development DTV standards, chaired preparatory meeting to WRC 2000,  [https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/oth/0a/07/R0A070000420001PDFE.pdf ITU Tribute]

===''BARTRAM''===

* [[/Graeme Bartram|Bartram, Graeme]] - historian (early Aus wireless: 2011 &quot;John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer&quot;[https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf])

===''BASEBY''===

* [[/Cecil Herbert Baseby|Baseby, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CP-K8C] - 1898(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Kingswood, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2311, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kingswood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BASHAR''===

* [[/Ahmet Tahsin Bashar|Bashar, Ahmet Tahsin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-TGF] - 1922(Cyprus)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (North Sydney, 1937; Cammeray, 1955; Crows Nest, 1960; Crows Nest, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (West Sydney, NSW, 1949); textile worker (Surry Hills, NSW, 1954; Glenmore, NSW, 1958); clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1963-1972); assistant clerk (Paddington, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BASIL-COOKE''===

* Frank Basil-Cooke see Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;

===''BASSETT''===

* [[/Francis Rankin Bassett|Bassett, Francis Rankin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQZJ-28Y] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2FR Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1928; Arncliffe, 1929); 2FR Singleton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 194, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother John Bassett - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Singleton, New South Wales, 1943-1980)

* [[/John Bassett|Bassett, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8M2-8XN] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2VO Receive Stroud (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 914, 1926; AOCP 232, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 78, 1930; COCP1 346, 1933 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother Francis Rankin Bassett - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Bexley, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1977; Nashua, NSW, 1977)

===''BASTOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Campbell Bastow|Bastow, Geoffrey Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-L6B] - 1916(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2UB Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936; Paddington, 1937-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1327, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: production engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Wahroonga, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BATCHLER''===

* [[/Charles Victor Batchler|Batchler, Charles Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4NN-FXJ] - 1897(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: XZJ Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Uncle of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: shift engineer (Waddamana, 1922)

* [[/Jack Copeland Batchler|Batchler, Jack Copeland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCSK-D8F] - 1910(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1932-1939); 3AJB Melbourne (1947); 7JB Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1948-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 957, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: nephew of XZJ Charles Victor Batchler; husband of 7YL Joyce Isabel Batchler nee Crowder - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Nelson, 1943-1949); no occupation (Nelson, 1972)

* [[/Joyce Isabel Crowder|Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-PKG] - 1915(Tas)-2015(Tas) - Licences: 7YL Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 1627, 1936, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL - Relationships: Wife of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Nelson, 1943-1972) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''BATE''===

* [[/Arthur John Bate|Bate, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKQ-PYC] - 1917(WA)-2010(SA) - Licences: 5ZA Adelaide (Adelaide City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1891, 1937, SA; BOCP 1481, 1956; 1COCP 2049, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BATES''===

* [[/Jack Lister Bates|Bates, Jack Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGK-238] - 1912(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4UR Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1947; Lutwyche, 1948-1969; Toombul, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1430, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, QSL Manager); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; WW2 - Halcyon: p. 12, 99, 137, 141, 145 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1943); labourer (Lutwyche, Qld, 1949-1958; Wooloowin, Qld, 1968); cashier (Toombul, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''BATH''===

* [[/William Alonzo Bath|Bath, William Alonzo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4X-T2J] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4YK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Geebung, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2150, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1937-1954; Geebung, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BATT''===

* [[/Cecil Henry Batt|Batt, Cecil Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLJ-5SB] - 1904(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bothwell (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 434, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bothwell, 1928); labourer (Melton Mowbray, 1936-1937)

===''BATTLE''===

* [[/Edmund Thomas Battle|Battle, Edmund Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6C8-G32] - 1890(UK)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener) - Electoral Rolls: teamster (Dorrigo, 1913); dairy farmer (Malanda, 1919); sawmill manager (Tumoulin, 1931); sawmiller (Ravenshoe, 1936-1937); timber merchant (Paddington, 1943); sawmiller (Albion, 1949)

===''BATTYE''===

* [[/James Sykes Battye|Battye, James Sykes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V7W-HL5] - 1871(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - librarian; historian; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, special committee, Western Australian Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: librarian (Perth, 1910-1937); principal librarian (Perth, 1943-1949) - Links: [[w:James Battye|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/battye-james-sykes-5156 ADB]

===''BATY''===

* [[/Richard Baty|Baty, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-BZX] - 1913(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MH Adelaide (Brompton, 1931; Pennington, 1937; Challa Gardens, 1938-1939; Lockleys, 1954-1969; Henley Beach South, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 757, 1931, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 160, 1934; BOCP 242, 1939; 1COCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Franklin, SA, 1941-1943)

===''BAUER''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Bauer|Bauer, Alfred Thomas &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MSCM-QB1] - 1908(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4AT Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1933) &amp; Cairns? - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 333, 1927, No. 36 in Qld; CPRTelephony 1119, 1928; 1COCP 92, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); state public servant (4QG); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 67, 86, 111, 127, 130 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cairns, 1936; Camp Hill, 1937); radio tech (Camp Hill, 1943-1980)

===''BAXTER''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Baxter|Baxter, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62R-CKR] - 1900(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BX Geraldton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1989, 1937, WA; BOCP 381, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: station employee (Lyons River Station, Carnarvon, WA, 1925-1926); wood merchant (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast station operator (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Laurence Baxter|Baxter, Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9698-Y9J] - 1919(NSW)-2001(???) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Cremorne, 1946-1947); 2AMB Sydney (Cremorne, 1948-1961; Mosman, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2410, 1939, NSW; BOCP 437, 1942; COCP2 902, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Withdrawal: 2NB amateur callsign possibly withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2NB Broken Hill national service - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1958); radio technician (Mosman West, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Roy Baxter|Baxter, Sidney or Sydney Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWX9-XWV] - 1915(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FJ Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1935-1939; Coorparoo Heights, 1946-1947; Cribb Island, 1948-1950; Camp Hill, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1569, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); employment (Trittons, radio service); business proprietor (radio service) - Halcyon: p. 76, 137 - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Camp Hill, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cribb Island, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BEAMES''===

* [[/Kenneth Beames|Beames, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQJ-L17] - 1899(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: N754 Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IB Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; wireless operator (at WW1 enlistment 1917) - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 1st/4th Signals Troop, 1st Anzac Mounted Division, 1917-1919) - Awards: 1914/1915 Star Medal; British War Medal; Victory Medal - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (at WW1 enlistment); manufacturer (Five Dock, 1930-1958; Linden, 1963-1980)

===''BEAN''===

* [[/Leslie Percival Reed Bean|Bean, Leslie Percival Reed]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHWZ-6ZZ] - 1884(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925); 2LP Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1928; Artarmon, 1929-1936; Pymble, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD (Elec. Engineer, 1904-1919); L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co (founder 1920-1926); Stromberg-Carlson (founder, 1927-1933+); Council IREAust - Electoral Rolls: electrical instrument fitter (Ascot Vale, 1909); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912-1915; Artarmon, NSW, 1930); company director (Pymble, 1933-1943; Roseville, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Lindfield, 1958-1968)

===''BEANEY''===

* [[/William Spencer Beaney|Beaney, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-263] - 1916(SA)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 4BV Rockhampton (1954); 5WB Adelaide (Plympton, 1955-1956); 4BN Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1960; Hawthorne, 1965; Holland Park, 1969); 4BN Warana Beach (1980) - Qualifications: BOCP 32, 1936; COCP3 1637, 1953; AOCP 3398, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice radio engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1941-1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1963); manager (Holland Park, Qld, 1968-1972); clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1977); retired (Kawana Waters, Qld, 1980)

===''BEARD''===

* [[/Ernest Gordon Beard|Beard, Ernest Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2G-25R] - 1897(Eng)-1968(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 304, 1939 - broadcast engineer (United Distributors; 2KY; 2GB); inventor; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as consulting engineer, 2GB) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northbridge, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Northbridge, 1936-1937); wireless engineer (Willoughby, 1943-1949); engineer (Forestville, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_hersteller_detail.cfm?company_id=12500 radiomuseum.org]

* [[/Norman George Beard|Beard, Norman George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9G-GSZ] - 1902(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 3DR Receive Balnarring (1922-1923); 2PK Wentworthville (1930); 2ALJ Sydney (Prospect, 1939; Toongabbie, 1946-1954; Brookvale, 1955; Dee Why, 1956-1961); 2ALJ Terrigal (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 583, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; TVOCP 25, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1930; Balnarring, Vic, 1931; Prospect, NSW, 1933-1937); RAAF instructor (Ballarat, 1942); teacher (Toongabbie, 1949-1954; Brookvale, 1958); retired (Terrigal, 1963-1972; Wendouree, Vic, 1977; Caves Beach, 1980)

===''BEARUP''===

* [[/Herbert Andrew Bearup|Bearup, Herbert Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLJ-B1C] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: V740 Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922); 3GT Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern East, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, 1925-1928); farmer (Bentleigh, 1934-1949); engineer (Highett, 1963-1967; Moorabbin, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas William Bearup|Bearup, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J7R-T9D] - 1897(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 224, 1916 - studio manager 3LO (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as studio manager, 3LO, Victoria); WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield, 1924); radio engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''BEATSON''===

* [[/Robert John Beatson|Beatson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSJV-2D2] - 1909(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4BB Brisbane (Wilston, 1928); 4BB Maryborough (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 394, 1928, No. 44 in Qld; AOLCP 173, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator (WIAQ); broadcast engineer (4MB); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 68, 139, 141, 163, 164 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maryborough, 1931); radiotrician (Maryborough, 1937-1949); radio engineer (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''BEATTIE''===

* [[/Herbert Spencer Meurant Beattie|Beattie, Herbert Spencer Meurant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ65-KTL] - 1888(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3DV Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1914-1927); salesman (Thornleigh, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1934-1936); agent (Cabramatta, 1943); auctioneer (Ettalong, 1943); no occupation (Fairfield, NSW, 1954-1958; Flagstaff, NSW, 1963)

===''BECHERVAISE''===

* [[/William Philip Bechervaise|Bechervaise, William Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVNP-4HQ] - 1831(Eng)-1907(Vic) - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), employment (Victoria Posts and Telegraphs Department)

===''BECK''===

* [[/Alan Beavis Beck|Beck, Alan Beavis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR7-N8Q] - 1911(Vic)-1982(WA) - Licences: 5XW Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 370, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Shenton Park, WA, 1937; Myrtle Bank, SA, 1941-1943); research chemist (Subiaco, 1949-1980)

===''BECKETT''===

* [[/Oliver Charles Beckett|Beckett, Oliver Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDM6-PC6] - 1907(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2184, 1938, WA; COCP1 371, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bencubbin, WA, 1931; Beverley, WA, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Carnarvon, WA, 1943); senior communications officer (Redcliffe, WA, 1954-1958); communications instructor (Carlisle, WA, 1963; Rivervale, WA, 1968)

===''BEDFORD''===

* [[/Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, Robert Arthur Buddicom]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC5Q-1KX] - 1874(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: 5RB Kyancutta (1924-1939; 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kyancutta, 1939-1941); retired (Kyancutta, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/buddicom-robert-arthur-5417 ADB]

* [[/William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, William Rudolf Buddicom &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Y3-X4Z] - 1909(Eng)-1972(SA) - Licences: likely operator of 5RB Kyancutta - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 1893, 1954 - WW2 - Relationships: son of 5RB Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kyancutta, 1939-1943)

===''BEECH''===

* [[/Frederick Sidney Beech|Beech, Frederick Sidney or Sydney &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-6BC] - 1895(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4FB Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1930-1939; Norman Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 629, 1930, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; jeweller - Halcyon: p. 75, 76, 90 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Bulimba, 1917-1919; Coorparoo, 1919-1972; Norman Park, 1977)

===''BEER''===

* [[/James Albert Beer|Beer, James Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTF-7PP] - 1890(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923); 2CW Sydney (Ashfield, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 191916-17; Signals Training Unit, Egypt, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''BEGBIE''===

* [[/Richard Begbie|Begbie, Richard]] - historian (broadcasting), journalist, radio clubs (HRSA)

===''BEHRMANN''===

* [[/Anton Ewald Behrmann|Behrmann, Anton Ewald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGM-BBC] - 1907(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2BD Sydney (Kensington, 1932-1933; Pyrmont, 1934-1936; Cremorne, 1937-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1955; Petersham, 1956-1957; Waverley, 1958-1961; Ryde, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 954, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Chippendale, NSW, 1933); butcher (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936; Marrickville, NSW, 1943); aero engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949); motor mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1954; Petersham, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1968); mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BELJON''===

* [[/Robin Ernest Beljon|Beljon, Robin Ernest &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-VR3] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2RB Lithgow (1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 259, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lithgow, 1930-1934); turner (Lithgow, 1937-1943); foreman (Lithgow, 1949-1968); retired (Lithgow, 1972)

===''BELL''===

* [[/Allan Charles Bell|Bell, Allan Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14G-3LN] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Bexley North, 1946; Lewisham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2414, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1936); radio engineer (Canterbury, NSW, 1943; Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1954); hotel proprietor (Paddington, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell|Bell, Francis Wirgman Dillon &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7QW-CM4] - 1896(NZ)-1987(NZ) - ZL4AA Waihemo, amateur operator, first to 2 way QSO New Zealand to Australia (Apr 1923), South America, USA (Sep 1924), England (Oct 1924, G2SZ); WW1 (gunner, France &amp; Belgium till invalided 1917) - Relationships: Brother of Margaret Brenda Bell, first licensed female NZ amateur - TroveTag: &quot;ZL4AA - Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell&quot; - Links: [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://www.soundarchives.co.nz/collections/catalogue/catalogue-item?record_id=222015 Sound Archives]; [https://www.zl4aa.org.nz/frank-bell-trans-world-radio-contact/ NZART Otago]

* [[/H. G. Bell|Bell, H. G.]] - 19??-19?? - 4HG Brisbane (South Toowong = Taringa, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 321, 1927, No. 33 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 111 - Callsign: later to Harry Brown - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Dudley Jack Benham Bell|Bell, Dudley Jack Benham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSZ-BFN] - 1908(Vic)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 3SN Shepparton (1934-1939, 1947-1948); 9SN Port Moresby (1948, 1969); P29JB Boroko (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1362, 1934, Vic; COCP1 359, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Shepparton, Vic, 1931-1937)

* [[/James Bell|Bell, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRD1-SY2] - 1918(NSW)-1991(USA) - Licences: 2ABO Sydney (Dundas,1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1615, 1936, NSW; COCP2 601, 1942; COCP1 629, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie William Gordon Bell|Bell, Leslie William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-RQ5] - 1904(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4CY Receive Atherton (1923); 4LZ Jubilee Pocket (1969-1975); 4LZ Airlie Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4471, 1967, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Danbulla via Atherton, 1925-1928); farmer (Jubilee Pocket via Proserpine, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Brenda Dillon Bell|Bell, Margaret Brenda Dillon &quot;Brenda&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPV-MP4] - 1891(NZ)-1979(NZ) - Licences: ZL4AA Waihemo (ca 1920s &amp; 1930s) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; first licensed female NZ amateur - Relationships: Sister of ZL4AA Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell - Electoral Rolls: spinster (Waihemo, NZ, 1914-1922; Shag Valley Station, Waihemo, NZ, 1928-1949; Waihemo, NZ, 1954; Shag Valley Station, Palmerston, NZ, 1957-1975; Palmerston, NZ, 1978) - Links: [[Brenda_Bell|Wikipedia]]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/speech/71/bell-recalls-her-brother-frank-contacting-england-by-short-wave-radio Brenda's recollection of Frank's first UK contact]

* [[/Robert Leonard Bell|Bell, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-CD5] - 1902(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1889, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ironmoulder (Collingwood, Vic, 1926; Preston, Vic, 1928); moulder (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931); driver (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1954); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Jellicoe Bell|Bell, Ronald Jellicoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHB-SXS] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Melbourne (Hampton, 1936-1939); 3MB Melbourne (Hampton, 1947; Cheltenham, 1948-1969); 3MB Harkaway (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1694, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937-1942); insurance official (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Cheltenham, Vic, 1972); retired (Harkaway, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Victor Frank Bell|Bell, Victor Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-FZ7] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6KR Perth (Subiaco, 1932-1933); 6KR Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6KR Perth (Nedlands, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 907, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936); postal assistant (Leonora, WA, 1937); radio engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1937); telephone mechanic (Lamington, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1954)

* [[/Vincent Stephanus Bell|Bell, Vincent Stephanus &quot;Vince&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-W8G] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4VD Rockhampton (Rockhampton City, 1936-1937; Wandal, 1938-1939, 1946-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1496, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; employed electrical business - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1936); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937-1980)

* [[/William James Bell|Bell, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CL-T2Q] - 1905(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1939; Tempe, 1946-1950; Punchbowl, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1085, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tobacco worker (Campsie, NSW, 1930-1943; Tempe, NSW, 1949; Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BELSTEAD''===

* [[/Roy Lempriere Belstead|Belstead, Roy Lempriere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1GN-CQF] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4EI Townsville (1933-1939); 4RU Winton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1182, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 304, 1940; 1COCP 420, 1940; TVOCP 87, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, Townsville ARC); state public servant (Qld Railways); broadcast technician (2KY); business proprietor (Belstead Electronic Repairs, Winton) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hyde Park, Qld, 1931-1937); radio technician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943; Auburn, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1963; Auburn, NSW, 1972); retired (Winton, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BENNETT''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Bennett|Bennett, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNP-GFM] - 1889(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager 2GB Sydney; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 2GB, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Mosman, 1930-1931); director (Mosman, 1933; Vaucluse, 1936); inspector (Darling Point, 1943); investor (West Pennant Hills, 1949); retired (Vaucluse, 1954-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bennett-alfred-edward-5207 ADB]

* [[/Aubrey Vincent Bennett|Bennett, Aubrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT5F-KQV] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2VA Sydney (Concord, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1514, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1930-1935; Concord, NSW, 1937-1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Clarence Herbert Bennett|Bennett, Clarence Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS5-CLV] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 449, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1909-1963); retired (Brunswick, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Patrick Curtis Bennett|Bennett, Patrick Curtis &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQW-8JT] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3NC Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1934); 3NC Hamilton (1937); 3NC Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 3APB Shepparton (1947); 3PB Shepparton (1948); 3PB Melbourne (Doncaster, 1954-1960); 2AJB Sydney (Westmead, 1955-1960; Roseville, 1961-1969); 2AJB Terrigal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1009, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 195, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1936-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943; Nunawading, Vic, 1949); engineer (Doncaster, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Westmead, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1968; Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Jacob Bennett|Bennett, William John Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-BDS] - 1906(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Shepparton (1932-1933); 3DR Mooroopna (1937-1939); 3EJ Melbourne (Lilydale, 1948-1975; Chirnside Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 982, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1928-1936); nil (Mooroopna, Vic, 1942); radio dealer (Lilydale, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BENOIT''===

* [[/Maxwell Alfred William Benoit|Benoit, Maxwell Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HC-MQX] - 1919(Vic)-1943(Thailand) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2401, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1939-1943) - Awards: Military Medal (1942) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1684287 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/619809 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11033902 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''BENROSE''===

* [[/G. S. Benrose|Benrose or Penrose, G. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DH Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BENSON''===

* [[/David Alfred Benson|Benson, David Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD6-W4H] - 1915(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948); 6VB Laverton (1969); 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1975; Bullsbrook, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2374, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (South Perth, WA, 1937); operator (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); technician (El Sherana via Pine Creek, NT, 1963); geophysical technician (South Perth, WA, 1968-1972); farmer (Upper Swan, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Jack Benson|Benson, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRL7-ZX6] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIC Sydney (Concord, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1997, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs; Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1937)

===''BENT''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Wattis Bent|Bent, Arthur Francis Wattis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-5V7] - 1902(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3AF Geelong (1924-1939, 1946-1960); 3AF Torquay (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 199, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio dealer (Geelong, 1931-1954) - Electoral Rolls: turner (14 Coronation St, Geelong West, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Geelong, 1928-1954); radio serviceman (Torquay, 1963-1980)

===''BENTLEY''===

* [[/Frank Ernest Bentley|Bentley, Frank Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93F-NPZ] - 1902(India)-1973(SA) - Licences: 5MK Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1931-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 833, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BENTZEN''===

* [[/Ivan Louis Bentzen|Bentzen, Ivan Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4X-6P4] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4SS Brisbane (Newstead, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 964, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Bulimba, Qld, 1929); mechanic (Valley, Qld, 1936); carpenter (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1949); garage proprietor (Lutwyche, Qld, 1954); carpenter (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BENWELL''===

* [[/George Tasman Benwell|Benwell, George Tasman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSB-T8M] - 1914(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3KQ Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939; Elsternwick, 1947-1948; Ormond, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1906, 1937, Vic; COCP2 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Order of Australia (Community Service, 1996) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942); accountant (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BERGIN''===

* [[/John Thomas Bergin|Bergin, John Thomas &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGP-GNM] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5JB Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1364, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Max Wulfing Bergin|Bergin, Max Wulfing]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M1-DCN] - 1900(NSW)-1983(Cook Isls) - Licences: 2YP Receive West Maitland (1923); 2YP West Maitland (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BERRY''===

* [[/Arthur Ingham Berry|Berry, Arthur Ingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WB6-6F5] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1954; East Malvern, 1955-1956); 3CZ Warburton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 595, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); architect (Kew North, Vic, 1943-1954); farmer (Warburton, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Berry|Berry, Harold Alexander &quot;Huck&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G869-8R6] - 1906(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (City, 1923); Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5JU Adelaide (City, 1930-1931; Keswick, 1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Kilburn, 1946-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 666, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: polisher (Kilburn, 1943)

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Berry|Berry, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG2-X6J] - 1906(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5DB Adelaide (Norwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1315, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Robert Henry Berry|Berry, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G342-ZR6] - 18??(???)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XQC Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; electrical business proprietor - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Rockhampton, 1912-1925); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, 1928-1968)

* [[/Roy James Berry|Berry, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQN-X6X] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NY Grafton (1933-1939, 1946-1969); 2BQD Grafton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1159, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: body-builder (Grafton, NSW, 1932-1980)

* [[/William Clive Berry|Berry, William Clive &quot;Clive&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBT5-3L8] - 1912(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Knockrow via Bangalow (1931-1936); 2AGM Byron Bay (1938-1938, 1946-1955); 2AGM Lismore (1956-1957); 2AGM Mullumbimby (1958-1960); 2AGM Byron Bay (1961-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 30, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 302, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Knockrow, 1933-1936); woodworker (Byron Bay, 1943-1954); contractor (Ballina, 1958); no occupation (Mullumbimby, 1958); manager (Byron Bay, 1963)

* [[/William James Berry|Berry, William James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D1-B78] - 1890(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4WB Brisbane (Yeerongpilly, 1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1295, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; instrument repairer - Comment: Several contemporaneous William James Berry's in Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1958-1963); mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1972-1980) -

===''BERTRAM''===

* [[/William Louis Bertram|Bertram, William Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDBP-NGS] - 1901(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: V738 Receive Rushworth (1922); 3GR Receive Rushworth (1922); 2KR Sydney (Waverley, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 920, 1926; 2COCP 97, 1930; 1COCP 34, 1934 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Rushworth, 1922; Brunswick, 1924-1928); telegraphist (Brunswick, 1931-1942); telephonist (Brunswick, 1949-1963); retired (Frankston, 1967-1980)

===''BEST''===

* [[/George Bransdon Best|Best, George Bransdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VQ-241] - 1918(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2QC Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1292, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (university student at time of death 1942)

* [[/Robert William Best|Best, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-F7Z] - 1916(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2TY Newcastle (1935-1939); 2TY Lochinvar (1946-1954); 2TY Sydney (Rutherford, 1955-1956; Hunters Hill, 1957-1958; Gladesville, 1960; Boronia Park, 1961; Gladesville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1587, 1935, NSW; BOCP 262, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broadcasting Station, Lochinvar, NSW, 1943-1954); storekeeper (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Wallace George Haydn Best|Best, Wallace George Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSF-YDK] - 1901(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2ER Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2ER Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Nephew of 2EU Arthur Frederick Peters - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brisbane, Qld, 1926); manager (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1949; Bardon, Qld, 1954-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2ER - Wallace George Haydn Best&quot;

===''BESTED''===

* [[/Julius Phillip Bested|Bested, Julius Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ6V-YSQ] - 1907(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Rose Park, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Salisbury, 1937-1939); 5CS Peterborough (1947-1948); 5CS Adelaide (Richmond, 1954-1960; Cumberland Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1995, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Salisbury, SA, 1939-1941)

===''BESTMANN''===

* [[/Walter Barrett Bestmann|Bestmann, Walter Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCM-JTY] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4BE Gympie (1938-1939, 1947); 4LN Gympie (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2242, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical foreman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BEYER''===

* [[/Johann Hugo Louis Beyer|Beyer, Johann Hugo Louis &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-WX2] - 1894(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XJEK Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1916-1925); chemist (Caulfield, Vic, 1927; Beaumaris, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BIBBY''===

* [[/Frederick Cyril Bibby|Bibby, Frederick Cyril &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH58-5XF] - 1911(Tas)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3OL Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1939; Camberwell, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 681, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 38, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Camberwell, 1943-1968); operator (Camberwell, 1972-1980)

===''BICE''===

* [[/William Russel Bice|Bice, William Russel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF48-PHT] - 1895(Qld)-1925(WA) - Licences: 6BX Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Claremont, WA, 1919)

===''BIDGOOD''===

* [[/Archibald Erle Bidgood|Bidgood, Archibald Erle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29WT-B4Z] - 1909(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2ALL Sydney (Willoughby, 1939; Dee Why, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: COCP2 270, 1930; AOLCP 26, 1930; COCP1 79, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1936; Willoughby, NSW, 1937; Dee Why, NSW, 1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1954; Toowoomba, Qld, 1958); postmaster (Pialba, Qld, 1969; South Pine, Qld, 1972); retired (Withcott, Qld, 1980)

===''BIDMEAD''===

* [[/William Ernest Bidmead|Browne, William Ernest Bidmead]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZM-N3K] - 1894(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XEB Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914); 2SJ Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; citizen's militia (25th Signallers Co. Engineers, pre WW1); AIF (WW1, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1936); engineering fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1963) - TroveTage: &quot;XEB-2SJ - William Ernest Bidmead&quot;

===''BILLAN''===

* [[/Leo John Billan|Billan, Leo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-P87] - 1906(SA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3BR Briagolong (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1205, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Boisdale, Vic, 1931); nurseryman (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); gardener (Prahran, Vic, 1963)

===''BILLINGS''===

* [[/Hubert Douglas Billings|Billings, Hubert Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WC5-G7H] - 1894(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: XJP Melbourne (Brighton Beach, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1921; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); auditor (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BINNS''===

* [[/Albert Binns|Binns, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDD-5DL] - 1895(NSW)-1918(NSW) - Licences: XCY Sydney (Mosman, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 2IE-2BJ Cecil Binns - TroveTag: &quot;XCY - Albert Binns&quot;

* [[/Cecil Binns|Binns, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-XTD] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2IE Receive Sydney (Kogarah, 1922); 2BJ Sydney (Kogarah, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 46, 1924, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 79, 1932; COCP1 378, 1940 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1st Division Signals Coy (WW1, 1916+) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1936); radio technician (Carlingford, NSW, 1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943-1968) - Relationships: brother of XCY Albert Binns - TroveTag: &quot;2IE-2BJ - Cecil Binns&quot;

===''BIRD''===

* [[/Henry Scorer Bird|Bird, Henry Scorer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWH-FTC] - 1902(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Sunshine, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Sunshine, 1924-1927); Government employee (Camberwell, 1928-1963); nil (Ashwood, 1968-1972) - Comment: 3HB callsign passed to Sunshine Radio Club 1924-1927 (prominent amateur broadcaster)
* [[/Leslie James Bird|Bird, Leslie James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X2-N4N] - 1897(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Armidale, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armidale, 1930-1935; Wellington, 1937); civil servant (Homebush, 1943) 

===''BIRT''===

* [[/William Andrew Birt|Birt, William Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBK-336] - 1907(WA)-1936(WA) - Licences: 6CU Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (North Perth, WA, 1931)

===''BISCHOFF''===

* [[/William Edward Conrad Bischoff|Bischoff, William Edward Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YT-QB7] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2LZ Sydney (Crows Nest, 1930-1937); 2LZ Wentworth Falls (1938-1939, 1946-1969); 2AKM Wentworth Falls (Portable, 1939); 2LZ Sydney (Naremburn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 568, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 12, 1936; TVOCP, 346, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Naremburn, 1933-1937); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1943); radio technician (Wentworth Falls, 1949-1958); tele. engineer (Naremburn, 1963); engineer (Naremburn, 1972-1980)

===''BISHOP''===

* [[/Clarence Elijah Bishop|Bishop, Clarence Elijah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZ9-G7S] - 1896(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6DD Receive Albany (1923); 6DD Albany (1923-1924); 6DD Northam (1924); 6LL Katanning (1936-1939); 6LL Perth (Claremont, 1948-1954; East Victoria Park, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1746, 1936, WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albany, WA, 1922); accountant (Katanning, WA, 1925-1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1954; Victoria Park, WA, 1958-1968)

* [[/Frederick Edward Bishop|Bishop, Frederick Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS3-GZQ] - 1882(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2FB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Kirribilli, 1930-1931); grazier (Mullaley, Gunnedah, 1935-1949)

* [[/Maurice Glanville Bishop| Bishop, Maurice Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDP-SVD] - 1908(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931); bank officer (Middle Park, 1935); bank clerk (Bank of NSW Quarters, Ouyen, 1936-1937); bank officer (Hawthorn, 1942-1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Bishop|Bishop, Reginald &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDJ-D3V] - 1913(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - politician; trade union leader; in conjunction with Media Minister Doug McClelland, oversaw the introduction of FM radio into Australia - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/bishop-reginald-reg-32171 Obituaries Australia]

===''BLACK''===

* [[/F. C. Black|Black, F. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None identified to date - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 297, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: awaits identification, Port Lincoln, SA in 1926

* [[/Rex Cleugh Black|Black, Rex Cleugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJZ-WY5] - 1912(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Sydney (Rugby, 1933; Auburn, 1934-1935; Greenwich, 1936-1937); 2YA Trangie (1938); 2YA Sydney (Ashfield, 1939; Belmore, 1946; Campsie, 1947; Liverpool, 1948-1950); 2YA Gosford (1954-1961); 2YA Kingsgrove (1965); 2YA Springwood (1969-1975); 2YA Kooringal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1116, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Greenwich, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Campsie, NSW, 1943); school teacher (Liverpool, NSW, 1949); teacher (Gosford, NSW, 1958; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Hughes Black|Black, Robert Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-2YK] - 1917(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QZ Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1947; City CBD, 1954; Hunters Hill, 1955-1975; Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1229, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Innisfail, Qld, 1941-1943; Baukham Hills, NSW, 1954; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958-1972; Strathfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Hector Black|Black, William Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8J2-TCS] - 1912(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3WB Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939); 2WO Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 663, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); bacteriologist (Mosman, 1943-1963); biochemist (Darlinghurst, 1968-1972)

* [[/William Sidney Neil Black|Black, William Sidney Neil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVJ-2XT] - 1921(Vic)-1998(???) - Licences: 2AKJ Canberra (Kingston, 1938-1939); 3QX Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2151, 1938, ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Berwick, Vic, 1949); engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1958; Blacktown, NSW, 1963)

===''BLACKBURN''===

* [[/W. T. Blackburn|Blackburn, W. T.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Home Hill (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Searched William, Walter, Wilfred - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLACKMAN''===

* [[/Herbert Howbery Blackman|Blackman, Herbert Howbery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2M-65N] - 1886(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: XOE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913); 3PR Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3PR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1924-1925); 3HA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1927); 3HU Melbourne (Ashburton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 211, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1909); mechanic (East Malvern, 1913-1916); soldier (Royal Park, 1917-1919); electrician (East Malvern, 1922-1928); mechanic (Burwood, 1931-1968)

===''BLACKWELL''===

* [[/William Blackwell|Blackwell, William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAN Sydney (Camperdown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: furnaceman (Camperdown, NSW, 1913)

===''BLADES''===

* [[/Lorne Deborah Blades|Blades, Lorne Deborah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN18-HW3] - 1910(Qld)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1069, 1932, Qld - YL amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (N/A) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alfred Blades|Blades, Ronald Alfred &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCS-L77] - 1916(Qld)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 4RX Toowoomba (1936-1939); 2VP Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1947; Ashfield, 1948-1950; Dundas, 1954-1955); 2VP Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956); 2VP Sydney (Balgowlah, 1957-1969; Seaforth, 1975; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1775, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 615, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); broadcast technician (AWA) - Comment: Two Ronald Alfred Blades born in Qld 1916, 4RX 27/3/1916 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Dundas, NSW, 1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1977)

===''BLAIR''===

* [[/Keith Andrew William Blair|Blair, Keith Andrew William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK4S-ZXY] - 1911(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2DX Balranald (1930-1934); 2DX Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1937); 2DX Bega (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 699, 1930, Vic; BOCP 276, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Balranald, 1932-1935; Randwick, 1936-1937; Bega, 1937); bank officer (Queanbeyan, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Lewis Blair|Blair, Russell Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HH-8Y4] - 1916(WA)-2010(NZ) - Licences: 2AJE Cooranbong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Christchurch, 1941-1943; Selwyn, Canterbury, 1946); teacher (Auckland, 1954; Palmerston North, 1957-1960); company director (Palmerston North, 1963-1966); teacher (Palmerston North, 1972-1981); retired (Palmerston North, 1987-2008)

===''BLAKE''===

* [[/Robert Leslie Gilbert Blake|Blake, Robert Leslie Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L831-ZLW] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Castlemaine (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 484, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Castlemaine, Vic, 1912-1919); house furn. (Castlemaine, Vic, 1924-1949)

===''BLAKEMORE''===

* [[/Thomas Victor Blakemore|Blakemore, Thomas Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-V6J] - 1916(WA)-2011(WA)95yo - Licences: 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1947-1965); 6TB Narrogin (1969); 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2435, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Subiaco, WA, 1937; Bayswater, WA, 1943); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''BLANCH''===

* [[/Cecil Keith Blanch|Blanch, Cecil Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SR-WR5] - 1903(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2GI Woodford Leigh (1930-1961); 2GI Maclean (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 718, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932; Woodford Leigh, NSW, 1934-1958); radio serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1963-1968); serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1972); retired (Maclean, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BLANCHARD''===

* [[/George Edward Henry Blanchard|Blanchard, George Edward Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV2-B4S] - 1899(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Sydney (Newtown, 1922-1926; Hurlstone Park, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 195, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Earlwood, 1930-1980)

===''BLAND''===

* [[/William Joseph Bland|Bland, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-4RP] - 1902(India)-1955(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Alberton, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Alberton, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 765, 1923 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio manufacturer (Tusmore, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BLUE''===

* [[/Harry William Blue|Blue, Harry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXF-38K] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Liverpool, 1932-1933); 2YI Albury (1934-1936); 9KO Rabaul (1937); 2YI Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2YI Sydney (Kingsford, 1946; Auburn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1034, 1932, NSW; COCP3 43, 1936; COCP2 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); A.A.M.S. - Electoral Rolls: porter (Liverpool, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Albury, NSW, 1934-1935); wireless operator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio officer (Daceyville, NSW, 1943); despatch clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BLUNDEN''===

* [[/Godfrey Verge Blunden|Blunden, Godfrey Verge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNG-22L] - 1906(Vic)-1996(France) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Wireless Weekly (editor, 1930s) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (North Sydney, 1930; East Sydney, 1933-1936)

* [[/Leon Walter Blunden|Blunden, Leon Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KT-SMV] - 1914(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5BH Adelaide (Firle, 1935-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1535, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLYARD''===

* [[/Alfred Blyard|Blyard, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIH Nowra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (brother Walter Raleigh Blyard died Nowra, 1926)

===''BLYTH''===

* [[/Oscar Emerson Blyth|Blyth, Oscar Emerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTYQ-7WL] - 1912(Tas)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1806, 1936, Vic; COCP1 1204, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Collingwood, Vic, 1934); flyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943); printer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BOASE''===

* [[/Norman Robert Boase|Boase, Norman Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z8-QZS] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NI Melbourne (Malvern, 1947; Glenhuntly, 1948; Burwood, 1954-1955; Darling, 1956; Carlton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2295, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; bookkeeper (Warren, NSW, 1943); Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carlton, Vic, 1958)

===''BOAST''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Boast|Boast, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-3D4] - 1906(Eng)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1939); 3AX Lubeck (1946-1969); 3AX Melbourne (Frankston, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 404, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 55, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (3LK Lubeck, Vic, 1942-1968); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BOCK''===

* [[/Walter Alfred Bock|Bock, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTY-J6M] - 1886(NZ)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4KC Port Moresby (1937-1939); 9KC Port Moresby (1947-1955); 4KC Mareeba (1956); 4KC Caloundra (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely PNG) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Acton, ACT, 1943); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1959)

===''BODKIN''===

* [[/Harland Bernard Bodkin|Bodkin, Harland Bernard &quot;Harley&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGY-QQ7] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (St Peters, 1935-1938; Marrickville, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1447, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: power station assistant (Tempe, NSW, 1930; St Peters, NSW, 1933); electrician (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BOILEAU''===

* [[/John George Boileau|Boileau, John George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-HLQ] - 1893(SA)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4JT Port Moresby (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''BOLD''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Bold|Bold, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3N-JSF] - 1894(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6CA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 832, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922); meter tester (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); electrician (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1949); mains superintendent (South Fremantle, WA, 1954-1958)

===''BOLGER''===

* [[/Leonard Joseph Bolger|Bolger, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-VDD] - 1867(Irl)-1941(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Deputy Director of Navigation, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: master mariner (Williamstown, 1914-1917); public servant (Elsternwick, 1919); master mariner (Elsternwick, 1931-1937)

===''BOLLAS''===

* [[/George William Bollas|Bollas, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY4M-4XT] - 1915(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Licences: 3LA Melbourne (Footscray, 1935-1939); 3LA Yarraville (1948-1960); 3LA Melbourne (West Footscray, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1557, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Footscray, Vic, 1937-1942; Footscray West, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BOLTON''===

* [[/Milton Cedric Cardwell Bolton|Bolton, Milton Cedric Cardwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-1ML] - 1918(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6MB Perth (Subiaco, 1939, 1947-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2400, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1980)

===''BOND''===

* [[/Francis William Bond|Bond, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4Q-ZQ4] - 1917(Vic)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 3SQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939); 4SQ Willis Island (1947); 4AKG Rockhampton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1914, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968); radiocommunications (Rosebud, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Rupert Francis Bond|Bond, Rupert Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZHS-QB3] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rockhampton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1912-1937; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''BONGERS''===

* [[/Gysbert Sheldon Bongers|Bongers, Gysbert Sheldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7F9-DXK] - 1900(NSW)-1948(NSW) - Licences: N745 Receive Sydney (1922); 2HY Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1922); 2HY Sydney (Rockdale, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Rockdale, 1930-1935; Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1937); engineer (Woollahra, 1943)

===''BONNER''===

* [[/Alfred Coleman Bonner|Bonner, Alfred Coleman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MV14-MTM] - 1854(Tas)-1930(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Legana (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914-1922); no occupation (Legana, 1928)

===''BONNERUP''===

* [[/Peter Madsen Bonnerup|Bonnerup, Peter Madsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F5-RC8] - 1890(Tas?)-1976(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as patent attorney, WA) - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Nedlands, 1922; South Perth, 1925-1972) - Links: [https://www.carnamah.com.au/bio/peter-madsen-bonnerup Bio]

===''BONNINGTON''===

* [[/John Archibald Bonnington|Bonnington, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Y-1JP] - 1909(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931); 2AKB Sydney (Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 569, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3AirOCP 16, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, 1931); engineer (Woollahra, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); air pilot (Avalon Beach, 1949-1963)

===''BONWILL''===

* [[/Edward Warren Bonwill|Bonwill, Edward Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J35-NNV] - 1869(USA)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XBP Sydney (1912-1914); 2CA Receive Cowra (1922); 2CA Cowra (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Barellan, 1930; Cowra, 1934-1937; Lithgow, 1937-1943)

===''BORGEEST''===

* [[/William Frederic Borgeest|Borgeest, William Frederic or Frederick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WM-GHT] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1938); 3ZY Colac (1947); 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Glen Iris, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1908, 1937, Vic; BOCP 223, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, Tas, 1939); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Camberwell South, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''BORLAND''===

* [[/Alexander Borland|Borland, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJZ-JGT] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XFT Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1st Signals Squadron Wireless, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Concord, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''BOSHER''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Bosher|Bosher, Allan Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNNY-B75] - 1913(NZ)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (Greenwich, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1938-1939; Cammeray, 1946-1955; Crows Nest, 1956-1969; Cammeray, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 650, 1942; COCP1 677, 1943; (likely first qualified in NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1968); engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1972; Cammeray, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOTTEN''===

* [[/Herbert William Botten|Botten, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-8QJ] - 1895(SA)-1973(???) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930); radio manager (Darlinghurst, 1933-1936); manager (Darlinghurst, 1937-1958)

===''BOUCHARD''===

* [[/Victor John Reid Bouchard|Bouchard, Victor John Reid &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93B-52C] - 1897(Qld)-1936(Qld) - 4BY Receive Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur club administrator - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Auchenflower, 1921-1926); clerk (Buranda, 1928)

===''BOULTBEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Walker Boultbee|Boultbee, Kenneth Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMWB-1Q4] - 1905(Tas)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agent (Taringa, Qld, 1928-1958; Corinda, Qld, 1963-1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Broadbeach, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BOUNDY''===

* [[/George Henry Boundy|Boundy, George Henry]] - 1866(Vic)-1932(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), early wireless experimenter, radio clubs (WIQ), state public servant (P&amp;TQ, engineer), federal public servant (PMGD, engineer)

===''BOURKE''===

* [[/J. Bourke|Bourke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V734 Receive Yarck (1922); Receive 3GP Yarck (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOURNE''===

* [[/Francis Frederick Bourne|Bourne, Francis Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX55-9GM] - 1916(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5BU Adelaide (Unley, 1935-1939; Wayville, 1947; Malvern, 1948-1954; Blackwood, 1955-1965; Belair, 1969); 5BU Keith (1975); 5BU Naracoorte (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1593, 1935, SA; 2COCP 1282, 1953; 1COCP 1722, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BOWDEN''===

* [[/Eric James Germain Bowden|Bowden, Eric James Germain]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7T7-YC2] - 1894(Tas)-1984(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD Wireless Inspector, Hobart, 1920s &amp; 1930s; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as equipment engineer, PMGD, Tas) - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: junior assistant engineer (Hobart North, 1922); engineer (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Frank Prosser Bowden|Bowden, Frank Prosser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MP-G4L] - 1860(Tas)-1934(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, Tas PMGD, Federal PMGD - Relationships: father of Eric James Germain Bowden and John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1928)

* [[/John Gibson Bowden|Bowden, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJZ-V69] - 1906(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - employee of Medhurst Electrical - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of Eric James Germain Bowden - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1928); electrical mechanic (New Town, 1936-1937); engineer (Nelson, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Stanley Bowden|Bowden, Ronald Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQGS-F9R] - 1900(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albion, Qld, 1921); car driver (Wilston, Qld, 1934); car proprietor (Newmarket, Qld, 1936-1943); store keeper (Urangan, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Mundubbera, Qld, 1958-1963); retired (Urangan, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''BOWEN''===

* [[/Harold Keith Bowen|Bowen, Harold Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-7SZ] - 1913(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5KB Adelaide (Maylands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1049, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Tranmere, SA, 1943)

* [[/Joseph La Venture Bowen|Bowen, Joseph La Venture or Laventure]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPP-MLB] - 1917(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4LB Brisbane (Hamilton, 1935-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1445, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1958); public servant (Kedron, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Bowen|Bowen, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKWH-7MR] - 1915(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3VK Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937; Windsor, 1938-1939; Mont Albert, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1543, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coburg, Vic, 1937; St Kilda North, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1949)

===''BOWER''===

* [[/George Geoffrey Bower|Bower, George Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVM-BC5] - 1919(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1939; Collaroy, 1946-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1960; Collaroy, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1823, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Dee Why, NSW, 1954-1958; Collaroy, NSW, 1963-1968; Collaroy Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BOWICKE''===

* [[/S. J. Bowicke|Bowicke, S. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCI Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: W. Bowicke in Sands @ Paddington 1911

===''BOWIE''===

* [[/Luther Douglas Bowie|Bowie, Luther Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCT-J1V] - 1913(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3DU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1935-37); 3DU Portable Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1938); 3TC Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1937-1939); 3DU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1948-1969); 2DU Evans Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1518, 1935, Vic; BOCP 218, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1935-1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Evans Head, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOWLEY''===

* [[/Alfred Hobden Bowley|Bowley, Alfred Hobden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN48-MT1] - 1887(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1955; Hawthorn, 1956; Nunawading, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1460, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''BOWMAN''===

* [[/Hubert Nigel Bowman|Bowman, Hubert Nigel &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4PT-FY3] - 1908(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FM Adelaide (Payneham, 1932-1933; Royston Park, 1937; Payneham, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1956); 5FM Crystal Brook (1960); 5FM Bridgewater (1965-1980+); 5FN Portable (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 911, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 259, 1939; BOCP 282, 1940; 1COCP 354, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOYD''===

* [[/Albert Boyd|Boyd, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMM-KRM] - 1910?(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TE Sydney (Rozelle, 1935-1937); 2TE Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939; Charlestown, 1946-1954; Maryville, 1955-1957; Islington, 1958; Blacksmith, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Rozelle, NSW, 1934-1937; Charlestown, NSW, 1943-1954)

* [[/Gordon James Boyd|Boyd, Gordon James &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-Q7L] - 1912(???)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AML Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2308, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Brighton Le Sands, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/John a'Beckett Penleigh Boyd|Boyd, John a'Beckett Penleigh &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HD5-QST] - 1915(Vic)-1981(WA) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1904, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 806, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); pilot (Balwyn, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Chidlow, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman James Boyd|Boyd, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-VM7] - 1897(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XNO Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EL Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3EL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1924-1925; Caulfield, 1925-1927; Elwood, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 104, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer (3UZ, 1920s); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1924); manager (Caulfield, 1926-1928); engineer (Elsternwick, 1931-1937); electrician (St Kilda, 1949-1963); retired (Caulfield, 1967-1977)

===''BOYTON''===

* [[/Claude John Boyton|Boyton, Claude John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTPH-PH2] - 1902(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ALE Jugiong (1938-1939); 2ALE Sydney (Stanmore, 1947); 2ALI Cooma North (1954); 2ALI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1958; Bexley, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2195, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bethungra, NSW, 1930-1936); radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1937); sound operator (Hillston, NSW, 1937); electric motor operator (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Annandale, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1958; Bexley, NSW, 1958); engineer (Booker Bay, NSW, 1963); electronics technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRACKEN''===

* [[/Leonard Carl Bracken|Bracken, Leonard Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58V-LLQ] - 1910(Tas)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Stanmore, 1933-1934; Cremorne, 1935-1936); 2FF Sydney (Cremorne, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP1 54, 1947, NSW (likely prior RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Withdrawal: 2LF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2LF Young commercial service - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRADBURY''===

* [[/B. J. Bradbury|Bradbury, B. J.]] - abt 1887(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

===''BRADDOCK''===

* [[/Albert Braddock|Braddock, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-VRM] - 1890(Eng)-1916(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 14, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Esperance, WA, 1916)

* [[/George Stacey Braddock|Braddock, George Stacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-DGH] - 1913(Qld)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 2AGL Moree East (1937-1938); 3AGL Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1900, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936); wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); dry cleaner (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BRADFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Keith Bradford|Bradford, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-VC5] - 1912(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4KK Millmerran (1936-1939, 1947-1975); 4KK Drillham (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1750, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Millmerran, Qld, 1934-1937); farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1943-1954); radio dealer (Millmerran, Qld, 1958-1968); farmer (Drillham, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Richard Bradford|Bradford, John Richard]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief electrical engineer, Qld, PMGD)

===''BRADLEY''===

* [[/David Max Bradley|Bradley, David Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-FCT] - 1922(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2344, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Randell Bradley|Bradley, Frank Randell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G973-F7P] - 1884(SA)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3ZK Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1931); 2JB Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2, 1924, No. 1 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, Superintendant Telegraphs Vic, 1928; Deputy PMG Qld; NSW); historian (telegraphs) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Sandringham, Vic, 1914-1924; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1943); no occupation (Killara, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''BRAGG''===

* [[/William Henry Bragg|Bragg, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFQ-9N6] - 1862(Eng)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nile yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; academic (University of Adelaide, 1885-1908), physicist, chemist, mathematician, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his son William Lawrence Bragg, son-in-law of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:William Henry Bragg|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William Lawrence Bragg|Bragg, William Lawrence &quot;Lawrence&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXT-CLR] - 1890(SA)-1971(Eng) - participated as a youth in his father's wireless experiments, academic (University of Adelaide), physicist, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his father William Henry Bragg, grandson of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:Lawrence Bragg|Wikipedia]]

===''BRAIN''===

* [[/S. F. Brain|Brain, S. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: likely related XFR V. J. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/V. J. Brain|Brain, V. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFR Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: likely related 2ZD S. F. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRAMLEY''===

* [[/John Alfred Bramley|Bramley, John Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANCH''===

* [[/Lorayne Branch|Branch, Lorayne]] - Living - author (&quot;Henry Sutton, The Innovative Man&quot;); historian (Henry Sutton)

===''BRAND''===

* [[/Albert Onslow Brand| Brand, Albert Onslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-T44] - 1904(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIO The Entrance (1937-1939, 1946-1950); Toowoon Bay (1954-1961); Harrington (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2051, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (The Entrance, NSW, 1931; Orange, NSW, 1932; The Entrance, NSW, 1933-1949); electrical contractor (Toowoon Bay, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Harrington, NSW, 1968-1977; Maclean, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Jack Brand|Brand, Jack &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4V-QGJ] - 1910(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2ADX Sydney (Ryde, 1939); 2ADX Newcastle (Lorn, 1946-1950); 2ZN Braidwood (1954-1955); 2ZN Sydney (Belmore, 1956-1957; Rockdale, 1958; Homebush West, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2ZN Bourke (1969); 2ZN Hume Weir (1975); 2ZN Sydney (Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1827, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1933; Rozelle, 1934-1935; Ryde, NSW, 1936); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943); municipal engineer (Lorn, NSW, 1949); engineer (Braidwood, NSW, 1954)

===''BRANDON''===

* [[/Eric Frank Brandon|Brandon, Eric Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPK-2ZY] - 1907(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5FB Wilmington (1933-1939); 5FB Adelaide (Prospect, 1948); 5FA Oodnadatta (1965); 5FA Ramco (1969-1975); 5FA Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1145, 1933, SA; 2COCP 140, 1938; 1COCP 183, 1938; BOCP 201, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANFORD''===

* [[/Kenneth Harold Branford|Branford, Kenneth Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQM-5NC] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ABW Sydney (Bondi North, 1939); 2APB Coffs Harbour (1954-1956); 2APB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1957-1958; North Ryde, 1960-1975); 2APB Gosford (Point Clare, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 184, 1938; COCP1 583, 1942; TVOCP 206, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: police constable (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); communications officer (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1954; North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); technician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Point Clare, NSW, 1980)

===''BRANKS''===

* [[/Albert Mervyn Branks|Branks, Albert Mervyn &quot;Merv&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-88K] - 1906(NZ)-1978(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1920s to 1970s, DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tribute]

===''BRANSON''===

* [[/George Henry Branson|Branson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-CDW] - 1918(Wales)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2EJ Sydney (Mascot, 1934-1935; Concord, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1393, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943); manager (Greenwell Point, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''BRASCH''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Brasch|Brasch, Ernest Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-S98] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJL Melbourne (Hawksburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Munitions Workers Coy) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1922); motor engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1924; Swan Hill, Vic, 1925-1937); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''BREBNER''===

* [[/Walter John Alexander Brebner|Brebner, Walter John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGS-DR1] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Geelong (Belmont, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1172, 1933, Vic; BOCP 135, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Electrician, Wireless Mechanic, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belmont, Vic, 1937); radio announcer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); broadcaster (Geelong, Vic, 1949); radio dealer (Geelong West, Vic, 1954); manager (Belmont, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''BREDEN''===

* [[/Wynne Steere Breden|Breden, Wynne Steere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/979Z-1QH] - 1900(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Rx Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923); 2WS Newcastle (CBD, 1924-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; shipyard business - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, Vic, 1922-1924; Newcastle, NSW, 1930-1932); agent (Newcastle, NSW, 1935; Stockton, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1943-1958); company director (Toronto, NSW, 1968)

===''BREEN''===

* [[/James Henry Breen|Breen, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV4-826] - 1906(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Melbourne (Ripponlea, 1936-1939); 3UY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1774, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Camden, Vic, 1967; Elsternwick, Vic, 1977)

===''BREHAUT''===

* [[/Albert Leslie Brehaut|Brehaut, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTB-JTG] - 1905(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3SB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1082, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1926-1954)

===''BREMERMAN''===

* [[/Harold Frederick Bremerman|Bremerman, Harold Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-QWC] - 1903(Eng)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Aspley (1955-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1267, 1934, Qld; COCP (Eng) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (WIAQ, Life Member; Brisbane DX Club); employment (electrician, Courier Mail, Besley &amp; Pike, Mt. Olivett Hospital); pilot; UK Merchant Navy 1920s - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Albion, Qld, 1928); mechanic (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Aspley, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BREMNER''===

* [[/John Latta Bremner|Bremner, John Latta]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2024, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1967)

* [[/Thomas Bremner|Bremner, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-JT5] - 1919(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1936-1939); 3AKU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1948); 2ANV Sydney (Randwick, 1950-1958; Killara, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1649, 1936, Vic; BOCP 531, 1943; COCP2 872, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Woollahra East, NSW, 1949); accountant (Killara, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''BRENNAN''===

* [[/Allan James Brennan|Brennan, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TR-SNJ] - 1887(Vic)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 31, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Seven Hills, NSW, 1930); journalist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1933; East Sydney, NSW, 1934-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1958)

* [[/John Martin Brennan|Brennan, John Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKVN-2T1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ALQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1939, 1946-1956; Dee Why, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2269, 1939, NSW; TVOCP 344, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1933); electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Blacktown, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977) - Relationships: brother of 2ACE Loughlin Brennan

* [[/Leonard Laughton Brennan|Brennan, Leonard Laughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2Q-S5G] - 1916(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AMU Gosford (1939; 1946-1961); 2AMU Killarney Vale (1965-1975); 2AMU Mt Victoria (1980); 2LM Mt Victoria (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2332, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre proprietor (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1963); company director (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1968-1977); retired (Mt Victoria, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Loughlin Brennan|Brennan, Loughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ7X-3KV] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2ACE Leeton (1955-1957); 2ACE Wagga Wagga (1958-1961); 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1658, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1954); public servant (Wagga Wagga, 1958-1963; Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980) - Relationships: brother of 2ALQ John Martin Brennan

* [[/William Edward Brennan|Brennan, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-CVJ] - 1904(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Thornbury, 1931-1933; Murrumbeena, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1931); clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972); retired (Carnegie, Vic, 1977)

===''BREWER''===

* [[/Alfred Henry Brewer|Brewer, Alfred Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-MWL] - 1871(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHB Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914); 2CN Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Bondi, NSW, 1913; Bronte, NSW, 1930-1935; Ulladulla, NSW, 1937; Berry, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Phillip John Brewer|Brewer, Phillip or Philip John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-MNW] - 1900(WA)-1948(SA) - Licences: 5JA Adelaide (Parkside, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 269, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Parkside, 1939-1943)

===''BRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilmur James Mitchell Bridge|Bridge, Wilmur James Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-TYN] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3QV Benalla (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2211, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); engineer (Benalla, Vic, 1949)

===''BRIDGER''===

* [[/Thomas William Bridger|Bridger, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85V-2YT] - 1885(UK)-1941(NT) - Licences: 4AP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4AP Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; public servant; WW1 (2nd Aust Flying Squadron, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West Perth, 1914); consulting engineer (Auchenflower, 1925); poultry farmer (Geebung, 1928); engineer (Armadale, 1934-1937) - Directories: electrical engineer (Adelaide, 1915; Melbourne, 1917-1921; Brisbane, 1923-1927; Adelaide, 1930) 
===''BRIDGES''===

* [[/Frank John Claud Bridges|Bridges, Frank John Claud or Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHRF-XHR] - 1885(NZ)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 141, 1915; 2COCP 182, 1930; 1COCP 279, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Esperance, 1921-1949); retired (Esperance, 1958-1963)

===''BRIDGEWATER''===

* [[/Francis Henry Bridgewater|Bridgewater, Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58N-NQL] - 1906(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ZO Sydney (Moore Park, 1933-1939; CBD, 1947); 2ZI Broken Hill (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Surry Hills, NSW, 1930-1937; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1943); musician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); business manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BRIGDEN''===

* [[/Gordon Joseph Brigden|Brigden, Gordon Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-1M5] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ACJ Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1946-1950; St Ives, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2234, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); importer (Harbord, NSW, 1949; St Ives, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''BRIGGS''===

* [[/David Eastman Briggs|Briggs, David Eastman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3B-PKK] - 1913(Vic)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 3FU Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939, 1947-1960); 7RF Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1317, 1934, Vic; COCP2 803, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1954); retired (Albury, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Donald Robert Briggs|Briggs, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5B-1TN] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (Walkerville, 1935-1939; Henley Beach, 1947; South Plympton, 1954-19600; 5HB Adelaide (Morphett Vale, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1490, 1935, SA; 2COCP 413, 1941; BOCP 373, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939)

* [[/Percy Briggs|Briggs, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB28-PM5] - 1907(Qld)-1992(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2232, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1943); technician (South Perth, WA, 1949-1968; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''BRIGHT''===

* [[/William Henry Herbert Bright|Bright, William Henry Herbert &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQH-GSX] - 1898(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Spark; 4FA Toowoomba (1923); 4AA Toowoomba (1924-1925); 4WB Toowoomba (1925-1927); 4OO Toowoomba (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 123, 1925, No. 13 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: callsign 4AA withdrawn by PMGD for their use - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toowoomba, 1919-1943); clerk (Toowoomba, 1949); mechanic (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

===''BRIMBLE''===

* [[/Charles Campbell Brimble|Brimble, Charles Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5L-9GH] - 1915(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CB Adelaide (Somerton, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Somerton Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1446, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Somerton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BRIMS''===

* [[/Marcus John Gordon Brims|Brims, Marcus John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZWB-S11] - 1888(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XQA Mareeba (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; business proprietor (plywood &amp; veneer manufacture) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Mareeba, 1912-1913); foreman joiner (Milton, 1921); timber merchant (Milton, 1925-1931); plywood manufacturer (Annerley, 1937-1958); business manager (Annerley, 1963-1980)

===''BRINKMAN''===

* [[/Sydney James Ferdinand Brinkman|Brinkman or Brinckman, Sydney James Ferdinand &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS4-53R] - 1912(Tas)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Griffith, ACT (1935-1939); 2IS Coffs Harbour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1425, 1935, ACT; COCP1 403, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Griffith, ACT, 1935-1949; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRISTOW''===

* [[/John Morrison Bristow|Bristow, John Morrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPL-DLJ] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 243, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Neutral Bay, 1930-1935); manager (Gordon, 1937-1943); company manager (Pymble, 1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954-1980)

===''BRITT''===

* [[/Dudley Gordon Britt|Britt, Dudley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-D5B] - 1909(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2210, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''BROADFOOT''===

* [[/James Broadfoot|Broadfoot, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1C-TQ7] - 1920(Qld)-2012(NSW)92yo - Licences: 2AJD Sydney (Lindfield, 1938-1939, 1947-1961; Killara, 1965-1969; Gordon, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2095, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949); medical practitioner (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963; Killara, NSW, 1968; Gordon, NSW, 1972-1977; Glenorie, NSW, 1980)

===''BROADLEY''===

* [[/David Hadley Broadley| Broadley, David Hadley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JR-VDL] - 1917(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AFU Sydney (Undercliffe, 1937-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1961; Lugarno, 1965, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1892, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943-1958; Earlwood, NSW, 1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROCK''===

* [[/Hector Edward Earl Brock|Brock, Hector Edward Earl]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VQL-BTC] - 1902(Vic)-1962(SA) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924); 5DP Adelaide  (North Adelaide, 1924-1927; Malvern, 1927-1938); 5UZ Adelaide (Fullarton, 1954-1956; Nailsworth, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 25, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; University of Adelaide (Demonstrator &amp; Technical Assistant, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1924); no occupation (Malvern, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BROGAN''===

* [[/John Patrick Hugh Brogan|Brogan, John Patrick Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYH-BHN] - 1909(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CG Merbein (1933-1939); 3CG Melbourne (Elwood, 1947; Richmond, 1948; The Basin, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1094, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, Vic, 1931-1942); tramway employee (Richmond, Vic, 1949); tram driver (The Basin, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROINOWSKI''===

* [[/Leopold Thomas Broinowski|Broinowski, Leopold Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FR-SMR] - 1871(Vic)-1937(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Hobart Mercury, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1914-1937)

===''BROOK''===

* [[/William Laurence Brook|Brook, William Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K63Q-J18] - 1906(SA)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Dubbo (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2238, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Annandale, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Glenton, NSW, 1931); station hand (Murrumbidgerie, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1968);

===''BROOKE''===

* [[/Wilberforce Henry Liddon Brooke|Brooke, Wilberforce Henry Liddon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB61-69T] - 1891(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BR Terrigal (1930-1936); 2BR Dora Creek (1937-1939, 1946-1958); 2BR Paterson (1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 638, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (1917); WW1 (Wireless Training School, Moore Park, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Jerry's Plains, 1930; Terrigal, 1931-1937; Dora Creek, 1949-1958; Paterson, 1963-1968)

===''BROOKES''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Brookes|Brookes, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSJ-GV6] - 1911(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BA Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, 1938-1939; Wooloowin, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1641, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1954); waterside Worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1958)

* [[/W. D. Brookes|Brookes, W. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJBH Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BROOKS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Milton Brooks|Brooks, Albert Henry Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1Q-DVK] - 1901(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5KG Adelaide (Grange, 1933-1939; Croydon, 1946-1960+); 5AH Adelaide (Ridleton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1170, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Croydon, 1939); railway employee (Croydon, 1941-1943) - Relationships: likely related to 7JB John Vickery Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks

* [[/David Deane Brooks|Brooks, David Deane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58F-VVY] - 1912(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2NX Sydney (Kensington, 1933-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 431, 1933; COCP1 343, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Vaucluse, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Qantas Airways, Berrimah, NT, 1949); radio technician (Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Carnarvon, WA, 1968); technician (Nowra North, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Brooks|Brooks, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ8-BKF] - 1892(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XFM Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); 2EA Receive Barmedman (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1913); engineer (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930); electrician (West Wyalong, NSW, 1932-1937); teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); 

* [[/John Vickery Brooks|Brooks, John Vickery &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHXL-RK8] - 1905(SA)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 37, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; originally from Adelaide - Relationships: likely related to 5KG Albert Henry Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart South, 1928; Malvern, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROOME''===

* [[/Francis Montague Guido Broome|Broome, Francis Montague Guido]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK6-V7S] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2XJ Sydney (Croydon Park, 1932-1934); 2XJ The Entrance (1937-1939); 2XJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1947; Bankstown, 1948-1961); 2XJ McMasters Beach (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1026, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Croydon Park, NSW, 1931-1934; Haberfield, NSW, 1936; The Entrance, NSW, 1937-1943); electroplater (Bankstown, NSW, 1949); technician (Bankstown, NSW, 1954-1963); not available (Margate, Qld, 1969); retired (Clontarf, Qld, 1972; Scarborough, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Joseph Paul Broome|Broome, Joseph Paul &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW3P-756] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4PB Brisbane (Grange, 1938-1939, 1947; Moorooka, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2205, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949); radio mechanic (Moorooka, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BROOMHALL''===

* [[/Charles Alfred Broomhall|Broomhall, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7NZ-2SV] - 1891(Vic)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 729, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, 1916); mechanic (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925; Canning Bridge, 1931-1937; Applecross, 1943-1954); retired (Bickley, 1958-1963)

===''BROOMHEAD''===

* [[/Sydney Vernon Broomhead|Broomhead, Sydney Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CK-TGN] - 1912(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2UL Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1096, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Campsie, NSW, 1933-1936); clerk (Wollongong, NSW, 1937; North Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1954; Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BROWN (A-I)''===

* [[/Alan George Brown|Brown, Alan George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G849-43Y] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3CX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1937; Upper Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 446, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, 1931); public servant (Auburn, 1936-1937); RAAF (St Kilda North, 1943); civil servant (Auburn, 1949); clerk (Deepdene, 1954; Camberwell North, 1963-1968)

* [[/Alan Weymouth Brown|Brown, Alan Weymouth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSKH-1N5] - 1902(Tas)-1938(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Listeners' League, Hobart (assistant secretary); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Assistant Secretary, Listeners' League, Hobart, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Albert Telfer Brown|Brown, Albert Telfer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VT-YM1] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IU Sydney (Rozelle, 1934-1936; St Leonards, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1266, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Dubbo, NSW, 1934; St Leonards, NSW, 1937); clerk (North Wollstonecraft, 1949); auditor (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); public servant (Curtin, ACT, 1972); retired (Roseville, NSW, 1977; Valentine, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Alfred Brown|Brown, Alfred &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD9-157] - 1896(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939; Sandringham, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2020, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1972)

* [[/Alfred Louis Brown|Brown, Alfred Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQV-4SS] - 1885(Eng)-1971(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as general manager, 5CL, SA) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Claremont, WA, 1910); optician (Applecross, 1916-1917); director (Kew, Vic, 1926); engineer (Cottesloe, 1936-1937)

* [[/Arthur John Brown|Brown, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KP-9XJ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2IK Sydney (Earlwood, 1934-1939; Epping, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1251, 1934, NSW; BOCP 115, 1937; TVOCP 44, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Fitter (Earlwood, NSW, 1936-1937); Inspector (Meadowbank, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Bruce Kevin Brown|Brown, Bruce Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S4-CV1] - 1920(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 7QZ Launceston (1937-1939); 2AQZ Sydney (Meadowbank, 1954-1969; Annangrove, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1942, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 303, 1940; 1COCP 492, 1941; TVOCP 1014, 1968 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Meadowbank, 1943-1968); technician (Annangrove, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Clarence Roy Brown|Brown, Clarence Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - founder of 5KA Class B Adelaide; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 5KA, SA) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Clifford Walter Brown|Brown, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCV5-M8M] - 1906(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6CB Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 640, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Subiaco, 1931-1937); traveller (Nedlands, 1943-1963); business manager (Wembley, 1968); manager (Morley, 1972; Dianella, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ernest Charles Brown|Brown, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPG6-K19] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AJ Sydney (Tempe, 1932-1939, 1946-1969; Penshurst, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 912, 1932, NSW; COCP2 110, 1937; COCP1 295, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Wireless Telegraphy Officer, 1940-1945) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1968); public servant (Penshurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank Makepeace Brown|Brown, Frank Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H5-2M5] - 1911(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6FB Mullewa (1939, 1946-1948); 6FB Perth (Bassendean, 1954-1960; Doubleview, 1965-1969; Rossmoyne, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2375, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Northam, 1936; Bassendean, 1943); civil servant (Mullewa, 1949); telephone technician (Bassendean, 1954-1963); civil servant (Doubleview, 1968-1972); telephone technician (Rossmoyne, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Brown|Brown, George]] - 1875(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AHL Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1970, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous GBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Douglas Brown|Brown, George Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-JFD] - 1902(Qld)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Brisbane (Ascot, Qld, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: timber merchant (Hamilton, Qld, 1925-1928); director (Ascot, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/George Dundas Brown|Brown, George Dundas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMP-G4W] - 1898(NSW)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 304, 1917 (Marconi) - ship wireless operator?; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Probate: railway employee (1932) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1927; Toorak, Vic, 1931)

* [[/George Henry Bryden Brown|Brown, George Henry Bryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZK-XG1] - 1890(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2EB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 127, 1915 (Balsillie); COCP2 276, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Harry Percy Brown|Brown, Harry Percy &quot;Horsepower&quot;, &quot;Poo Bah&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R8-R1W] - 1878(Eng)-1967(NSW) - senior federal public servant (Director-General, Posts and Telegraphs); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Secretary, PMGD) - Links: [[w:Harry Brown (public servant)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/brown-sir-harry-percy-5384 ADB]; [https://telegramsaustralia.com/Forms/Special%20developments/People/Brown.html Telegrams Australia]

* [[/Hector Mervyn Brown|Brown, Hector Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9TY-HSC] - 1906(NSW)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5MB Adelaide (Torrensville, 1927-1928; Southwark, 1931-1933); 2YM Broken Hill (1937-1938); 5MB Adelaide (Southwark, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 345, 1927, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 402 1932; 1COCP 333, 1933) - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (2BH, 1937), PMGD SA (mechanic, retired 1940) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broken Hill, 1937), engineer (Thebarton, 1941-1943)

* [[/Henry Mathew Brown|Brown, Henry Mathew or Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GG-RY9] - 1910(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1931-1939); 4ZB Gracemere (1947-1948); 4ZB Brisbane (Chermside, 1954-1956; Northgate, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 768, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936); salesman (Northgate, Qld, 1941); technician (Radio 4RK, Gracemere, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Chermside, Qld, 1954); technician (Northgate, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Herbert George Brown|Brown, Herbert George &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BH-NGV] - 1887(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4BH Booval (1928-1930); 4HG Booval (1931); 4HG Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 4BH Brisbane (Graceville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 455, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (Ipswich); railways employee - Callsign: withdrawn for 4BH Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ipswich, Qld, 1925; Redbank, Qld, 1929)

* [[/Herbert Rufus Brown|Brown, Herbert Rufus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HL-T23] - 1894(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3NN Receive Yanac (1923); 3NN Yanac (1924-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 271, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Yanac, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ivan Leslie Brown|Brown, Ivan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ2-9CV] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1939, 1948-1950; Herne Bay, 1954-1958; Riverwood, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 797, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1949); public servant (Herne Bay, NSW, 1954; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Riverwood, NSW, 1972-1977); public servant (Riverwood, NSW, 1980)

===''BROWN (J-Z)''===

* [[/J. R. Brown|Brown, J. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Southport (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James McGladdery Brown|Brown, James McGladdery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW18-TCK] - 1882(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4BJ Aramac (1929-1933); 4BJ Rockhampton (1937); 4BJ Bundaberg (1947-1965) - Qualifications: AOCP 480, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Rockhampton, 1905); station master (Finch Hatton, 1913); labourer (Mackay, 1919);  motor car proprietor (Baralaba, Mt Morgan, 1925); guard (Aramac, 1928-1937); retired (Maryborough, 1954-1963; Ascot, 1963) - Relationships: father of Victor James Caldwell Brown, the likely actual amateur operator

* [[/John Henry Shadwell Brown|Brown, John Henry Shadwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-7M4] - 1897(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2JK Sydney (Botany, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 926, 1926; 1COCP 154, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Botany, 1930-1958)

* [[/Joseph Brown|Brown, Joseph &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQH2-YSM] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Hobart (Battery Point, 1934-1939; New Town, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1255, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 5, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (7ZL, Hobart TV); public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Battery Point, 1936-1937); civil servant (New Town, 1943-1972)

* [[/Kenneth Boyer Brown|Brown, Kenneth Boyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GV-GGN] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AKB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Gladesville, 1948-1960); 2AJJ Sydney (Gladesville, 1969); 2AJJ Nelson Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 133, 1937; COCP1 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fire alarm mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Leonard Austin Brown|Brown, Leonard Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX21-FFX] - 1915(Vic)-1957(SA) - Licences: 3OP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1931-1933); 5OP Adelaide (Eastwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 814, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Eastwood, SA, 1939; Unley Park, SA, 1941)

* [[/Maurice Alexander Brown|Brown, Maurice Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2J-3P9] - 1913(NSW)-1978(Eng) - Licences: 2OR Sydney (Epping, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Cheltenham, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1033, 1932, NSW; BOCP 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (MRB Camp, Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/P. J. Brown|Brown, P. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JB Sydney (Randwick, 1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ralph Andrew Watkin Brown|Brown, Ralph Andrew Watkin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZV-DLV] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GO Sydney (Cremorne, 1931-1933; Epping, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 823, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: proprietor (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Narrabeen, NSW, 1933)

* [[/Raymond Albert Brown|Brown, Raymond Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-YH6] - 1906(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IL Sydney (Ashfield, 1933-1935); 2IL Glenbrook (1936-1937); 2QN Sydney (Auburn, 1935); 2RB Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1960; Clontarf, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1236, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2QN amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2QN Deniliquin commercial service - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1932-1949); technician (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical manufacturer (Maroubra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Robert Brown|Brown, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart Central, 1919; Moonah, 1928); fitter (Hobart North, 1958)

* [[/Victor James Caldwell Brown|Brown, Victor James Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBKS-2T7] - 1907(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - Qualifications: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: wardsman (Aramac, 1928); guard (Aramac, 1930); baker (Rockhampton, 1936); radio mechanic (Barcaldine, 1943; Bundaberg, 1949-1963) - Relationships: son of James McGladdery Brown - note electoral roll addresses for Victor James precisely align with 4BJ addresses whereas those for James McGladdery do not

* [[/William Francis Brown|Brown, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-4DL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BB Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3BB Melbourne (Richmond, 1937); 9BB Wau, New Guinea (1938); 2ANP Sydney (Bundeena, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 704, 1930, Vic; COCP2 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: many contemporaneous WFBs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, Vic, 1937)

===''BROWNE''===

* [[/Brian Brandon Browne|Browne, Brian Brandon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2MJ-9C1] - 1908(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2UZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1933); 2UZ Goulburn (1934-1939); 2UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1954-1955); 1UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Goulburn, NSW, 1934-1943); engineer (Ainslie, ACT, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert John Vincent Browne|Browne, Robert John Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLZ-BY6] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4RB Brisbane (Toowong, 1925-1939; New Farm, 1946-1956; Dorrington, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 92, 1925, No. 10 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, 1936-1937); mechanic (Clevedon, 4QN, 1943); technician (New Farm, 1949-1954); teacher (Dorrington, 1958-1968)

===''BROWNBILL''===

* [[/William Albert Brownbill|Brownbill, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2V-81D] - 1919(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Geelong (1936-1939, 1947-1960); 3ABU Portable Geelong (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1707, 1936, Vic; BOCP 249, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BROWNHILL''===

* [[/William Brownhill|Brownhill, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4R-CSM] - 1924(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AWB Melbourne (East Preston, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2823, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Preston, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BROWNLEE''===

* [[/Thomas Denham Brownlee|Brownlee, Thomas Denham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-QKD] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1936; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1947-1950; Roseville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 859, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP3 6744, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1931); mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Woollahra, NSW, 1937); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963); engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROWNLESS''===

* [[/Sidney Frank Brownless|Brownless, Sidney Frank &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-M5S] - 1915(Eng)-1995(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); military (WW2, RAF, radar research); clubs &amp; societies (IREE); author (&quot;The Sharing of Television Channels&quot;, ABCB, 1973 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, 1954-1980)

===''BRUCE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7XP-MLH] - 1879(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XABR Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/George Thomas Bruce|Bruce, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLR-GQM] - 1914(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2GT Tumut (1932-1938); 2GT Sydney (Bexley, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1946-1955; Loftus, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 971, 1932, NSW; COCP2 282, 1939; COCP1 328, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tumut, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1954); civil servant (Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968); public servant (Loftus, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/George William Bruce|Bruce, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPX-XN9] - 1913(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5GB Adelaide (Prospect, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1925, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Robert Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR18-SKL] - 1900(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5BJ Adelaide (Glenelg, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 357, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert William Bruce|Bruce, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTC-Z1J] - 1899(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926-1928; East Malvern, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 283, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1926; Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1967)

* [[/Stanley Melbourne Bruce|Bruce, Stanley Melbourne &quot;S.M.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLB-86Z] - 1883(Vic)-1967(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (prime minister, 1923-1929) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Stanley_Bruce|Wikipedia]]

===''BRUMHEAD''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Brumhead|Brumhead, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17Y-P6T] - 1901(Eng)-1982(SA) - Licences: 3TV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939); 5TV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1947-1954; Heathpool, 1955-1969 - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 94, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (East Melbourne, Vic, 1925; Camberwell, Vic, 1926-1927); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943)

===''BRUNSDEN''===

* [[/Herbert Thomas Brunsden|Brunsden, Herbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NR-JJR] - 1909(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2BX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 649, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 258, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Leichhardt, 1930-1937) - Comment: Gone too soon

===''BRYCE''===

* [[/Ramsay Auld Bryce|Bryce, Ramsay Auld]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH9T-FL2] - 1914(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AB Ipswich (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4AB Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1954-1969); 4AC Portable Ipswich (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1935, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (North Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio serviceman (North Ipswich, Qld, 1943); theatre proprietor (Palm Beach, Qld, 1949); showman (Palm Beach, Qld, 1954-1958); projectionist (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BRYDEN-BROWN''===

* See Brown, especially George Henry Bryden-Brown

===''BRYSON''===

* [[/Royal William Bryson|Bryson, Royal William &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ9P-5KJ] - 1886(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJJ Melbourne (Richmond, 1913); 3JM Receive Melbourne (Kew, 1922-1923); 3JM Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 50, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, 1914-1916); electrical fitter (Kew, 1919-1937); electrician (Croydon, 1943-1954)

===''BUCHANAN''===

* [[/Cyril Buchanan|Buchanan, Cyril]] - 19??(Australia)-19??(???) - Licences: Tulagi, Solomon Islands (1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/n5664/html/ch03.xhtml ANU-Tulagi History]; [https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2019-09/apo-nid262811.pdf Tulagi, Pacific Outpost of British Empire] 

* [[/Douglas Ancelon Buchanan|Buchanan, Douglas Ancelon &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LJ-HLX] - 1913(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2ABT Yerrinbool (1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1596, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Yerrinbool, NSW, 1935-1937)

* [[/Norman Thomas Oswald Buchanan|Buchanan, Norman Thomas Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84K-B7C] - 1912(Qld)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Manly, 1928-1939); 2ANB Sydney (Bondi, 1948; Kingsford, 1950); 3AND Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1954; Rosanna, 1955-1956); 3BNU Maldon (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 466, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Manly, 1934-1935); sound engineer (Manly, 1936); engineer (North Sydney, 1943; Heidelberg, 1954-1963; Rosanna, 1968; Heidelberg, 1972; Rosanna, 1977); retired (Castlemaine, 1980)

===''BUCK''===

* [[/Albert Hector Buck|Buck, Albert Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-PC3] - 1905(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3TM Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1923); 3TM Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1924-1926; Glenferrie, 1927; East Preston, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1937); 3TM Terang (1938-1939); 3TM Shepparton (1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 138, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: father of 3ZMX &amp; 3AAD Edwin David Buck, don't confuse with Albert Thomas Buck (Qld) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenferrie, 1927-1928); mechanic (Glenferrie, 1931; Hawthorn, 1937); electrician (Terang, 1943)

* [[/Albert Thomas Buck|Buck, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Z9K-CXG] - 1892(Eng)-1973(Eng) - Licences: 4CW Receive Brisbane (Geebung, 1923); 4CW Brisbane (Geebung, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 281, 1926, No. 24 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Kedron, 1931-1934); wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, 1933) - don't confuse with 3TM Albert Hector Buck

* [[/Edwin David Buck|Buck, Edwin David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNC-4JQ] - 1929(Vic)-2010(Vic) - 3ZMX Melbourne (Thornbury, 1965-1969, 3AAD Melbourne (Thornbury, 1975-1980), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Vic), son of 3TM Albert Hector Buck

===''BUCKERFIELD''===

* [[/Sidney Roy Buckerfield|Buckerfield, Sidney Roy &quot;Buck&quot; &amp; &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGS-S7N] - 1904(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5DA Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5DA Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Evandale, 1928-1931; Knoxville, 1933-1939; St Morris, 1947-1948+); 5DA Crystal Brook (1954-1956); 5DA Adelaide (Brighton Gardens, 1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 32, 1924, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 163, 1938; 1COCP 1557, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (5DN, 5CK, 5DR, 5AN, 5ABCFM); public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Knoxville, 1939) - TroveTag: &quot;5DA - Sidney Roy Buckerfield&quot;

===''BUCKINGHAM''===

* [[/Cyril Hugo Buckingham|Buckingham, Cyril Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8L-NP8] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3QU Melbourne (Maidstone, 1947-1956; West Footscray, 1960; Albion, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2288, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1712, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954); mechanic (Footscray North, Vic, 1963); TV mechanic (Albion, Vic, 1967; Sunshine, Vic, 1972-1977); mechanic (Sunshine North, Vic, 1980)

===''BUCKIE''===

* [[/Alan Carson Buckie|Buckie, Alan Carson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-8QC] - 1909(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6AB Perth (Nedlands, 1936-1939; Claremont, 1947-1948; Dalkeith, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1682, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1963)

===''BUGG''===

* [[/Charles Robert Bugg|Bugg, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-Q8K] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 11, 1936, Vic -  - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Geelong, 1942)

===''BUILDER''===

* [[/Geoffrey Builder|Builder, Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM6S-FBL] - 1906(WA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - physicist; radio engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, 1931; physicist (Haberfield, 1935; Ashfield, 1937; Burwood, NSW, 1943-1958) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/builder-geoffrey-9617 ADB]

===''BULL''===

* [[/Francis George Bull|Bull, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB9W-CFP] - 1904(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4MA Brisbane (Fairfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1674, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Stones Corner, Qld, 1926-1928; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1934; Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); military forces (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Hans Bull|Bull, Frederick Hans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR14-174] - 1907(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AJM Sydney (Northbridge, 1938; Epping, 1939; Chatswood, 1946-1950; Pymble, 1954-1958; Killara, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965; St Ives, 1969); 2AJM Chittaway Point, 1975 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2088, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Sydenham, NSW, 1930); clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Lewisham, NSW, 1933); traveller (Northbridge, NSW, 1936-1937); accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1943); credit accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958); credit manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Herbert Phillip Bull|Bull, Herbert Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC9-M33] - 1921(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4HP Brisbane (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ET Brisbane (Virginia, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2247, 1938, Qld; BOCP 405, 1941; COCP1 636, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Manly, Qld, 1949-1954); pest exterminator (Ipswich, Qld, 1954); wood machinist (Virginia, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/J. F. Bull|Bull, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4FH Mackay (-1949-1967+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), associate member I.R.E. Aust.

===''BULLING''===

* [[/William John Bulling|Bulling, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Y9-S95] - 1914(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5KX Adelaide (Grange, 1935-1939; Kirkcaldy, 1947-1954; Kings Park, 1955-1975); 5KX Wasleys (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1527, 1935, SA; BOCP 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Kirkcaldy, 1939-1943)

===''BULLIVANT''===

* [[/William Norman Bullivant|Bullivant, William Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJK-X8B] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Receive Albury (1923-1924); 2WB Albury (1925-1930); 2WB West Wyalong (1931-1934); 2BC Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950; Bellevue Hill, 1954-1969; Kingsford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 167, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 319, 1940) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Jerilderee, NSW, 1930); postal clerk (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1954; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1972; Kingsford, NSW, 1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2PR-2WB - William Norman Bullivant&quot;

===''BULLOCK''===

* [[/Albert Frederick Wright Bullock|Bullock, Albert Frederick Wright &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4K-44G] - 1900(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ZX Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Camp Hill, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1109, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (East Brisbane, Qld, 1925); storeman (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BULMAN''===

* [[/Reginald Verne Bulman|Bulman, Reginald Verne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJWF-CY2] - 1912(Tas)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 7RL Stanley (1939, 1947-1955); 7RL Kings Meadows (1956); 7RL Stanley (1960); 7RL Gravelly Beach (1965-1969); 4YL Mt Isa (1975); 4YL Malanda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2345, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Legana, Tas, 1936-1937); soldier (Hobart, Tas, 1943); radio technician (Stanley, Tas, 1949-1954); technician (Moranbah, Qld, 1972; Ingham, Qld, 1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977); retired (Kureen via Malanda, Qld, 1980)

===''BUNN''===

* [[/Malcolm Keith Bunn|Bunn, Malcolm Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H61-NPY] - 1907(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1934-1939); 3LF Minyip (1947-1948); 3LF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1954; Kew, 1955-1960); 3SH Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1308, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1931); accountant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); storekeeper (Minyip, Vic, 1949); merchant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BUNTON''===

* [[/George Henry Bunton|Bunton, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGWV-YFR] - 1872(Eng)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Mosman, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Mosman, 1930-1954)

===''BURBIDGE''===

* [[/Philip Arthur Burbidge|Burbidge, Philip Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-7JL] - 1910(Eng)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1931); 2PB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 456, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Camberwell, 1934); manager (Bellevue Hill, 1943)

===''BURBURY''===

* [[/Eric Alfred Burbury|Burbury, Eric Alfred]] - 1894(Tas)-1976(NSW) - early wireless experimenter (Tasmania, unlicensed?), ship wireless operator (1910s), broadcast engineer (AWA, Koo-we-rup; 2FC, chief engineer), brother of Harry Keith Burbury
* [[/Harry Keith Burbury|Burbury, Harry Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - 1897(Tas)-1986(NSW) - engineer (PMGD), brother of Eric Alfred Burbury

===''BURCHELL''===

* [[/C. B. Burchell|Burchell, C. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADZ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURCHILL''===

* [[/Charles Burchill|Burchill, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-8PF] - 1894(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4EM Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1925; Surry Hills, NSW, 1930); fitter (Long Bay Camp, NSW, 1933; Surry Hills, NSW, 1934-1936; Harbord, NSW, 1937); watchman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''BURFORD''===

* [[/Walter Patrick Burford|Burford, Walter Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHM2-CD9] - 1912(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 5PB Naracoorte (1934-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1365, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BURGESS''===

* [[/George Thomas Burgess|Burgess, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W5-N95] - 1913(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5GC Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939; Henley Beach, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1233, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Henley, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas William Watkins Burgess|Burgess, Thomas William Watkins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDZP-X1R] - 1861(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: XDA Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Wagga Wagga, 1901-1903) - TroveTag: &quot;XDA - Thomas William Watkins Burgess&quot;

===''BURGHARD''===

* [[/Hermann August Bernhardt Burghard|Burghard, Hermann or Herman August Bernhardt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-7GW] - 1914(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 2ACL Deniliquin (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1536, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Gardiner, Vic, 1936); bank clerk (Deniliquin, NSW, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); m. vdr (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1969)

===''BURGOYNE''===

* [[/Francis James Burgoyne|Burgoyne, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-1VS] - 1876(Wales)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (VIY, 1913-?); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, South Townsville, 1919); postmaster (Concord, 1930); public servant (Homebush, 1930); postmaster (Homebush, 1933; Strathfield, 1935; Inverell, 1936; Bondi North, 1943)

===''BURING''===

* [[/Rudolph Buring|Buring, Rudolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51C-YVT] - 1906(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 7AX Receive Hobart (1922-1923); Receive Hobart (1923-1924); 7RB Hobart (1925-1933); 3RB Melbourne (Ballarat, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 102, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 166, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: university demonstrator (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Sale, 1936; Ballarat, 1936-1937); engineer (Kew, 1943-1972)

===''BURKE''===

* [[/Eric Keast Burke|Burke, Eric Keast]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S4N-N8X] - 1896(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XHO Sydney (Lindfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; signal corps (1916); WW1 (Light Motor Wireless, 1917; Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1918); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Killara, NSW, 1930-1968); manager (Killara, NSW, 1972) - Links: [[w:Eric Keast Burke|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/burke-eric-keast-9628 ADB]; [https://wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2016/20160818-1/index.php WIA]

* [[/Henry Edward Burke|Burke, Henry Edward &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VG-VX9] - 1906(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MN Sydney (Haberfield, 1934-1939); 2NM Sydney (Ashfield, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1269, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Haberfield, NSW, 1931-1937); traveller (Ashfield, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/R. Burke|Burke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (Elwood, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURKITT''===

* [[/Donald Burkitt|Burkitt, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GK-CXX] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3FP Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2417, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Warrandyte, Vic, 1928; Box Hill, Vic, 1931); bread carter (Doncaster, Vic, 1934-1943)

===''BURLEIGH''===

* [[/Maurice George Burleigh|Burleigh, Maurice George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-J6F] - 1912(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: 7MA Moorina (1938-1939, 1948); 7MA Launceston (1955-1960); 7JU Launceston (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2110, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Nelson, Tas, 1936); electrical engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1936); engineer (Power Station, Moorina, Tas, 1949; Marawaylee, Tas, 1954; Launceston, Tas, 1963)

===''BURMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Horatio Burman|Burman, Arthur Alfred Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-GDR] - 1903(Vic)-1936(Vic)32yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Richmond, 1923); 3CY  Melbourne (St Kilda, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1038, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Coburg, Vic, 1926); engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1928); talkie operator (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''BURMESTER''===

* [[/Otto Conrad Burmester|Burmester, Otto Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWN-7VX] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4OB Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1158, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 31, 1935; 1COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Toowong, Qld, 1943); PMG technician (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BURNETT''===

* [[/John Keith Burnett|Burnett, John Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-G9G] - 1898(SA)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 860, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 155, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Div. Signal Coy., 1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: book-keeper (West Perth, WA, 1921); farmer (Claverley via Norseman, WA, 1922-1925); clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1935); ledgerkeeper (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''BURNS''===

* [[/Claud Edward James Burns|Burns, Claud Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCLY-P7V] - 1893(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4ZY Kingaroy (1932-1939); 4ZY Innisfail (1946-1947); 4ZY Cairns (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 996, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: supervising technician (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''BURRAGE''===

* [[/John Allan Burrage|Burrage, John Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCW4-SLS] - 1916(Vic)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 3UW Melbourne (Deepdene, 1934-1937), 3UW (Shepparton, 1938-1939) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1322, 1934, Vic; BOCP 59, 1936; COCP1 291, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3SR); WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Shepparton, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/burrage-john-allan-400643/]

===''BURROWS''===

* [[/Alan Owen Burrows|Burrows, Alan Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNZG-V74] - 1901(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio correspondent (Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney Sun); proprietor Miss F. V. Wallace (Wireless Shop), 1927-1933; president Waverley Radio Club - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Waverley, 1930-1933) - Comment: Gone too soon

* [[/Ernest Walter Burrows|Burrows, Ernest Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-YQ8] - 1900(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DZ Geraldton (1924-1927); 2DZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 659, 1921; 1COCP 5, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technical assistant (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1949; Earlwood, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frederick Harold Burrows|Burrows, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-TKH] - 1894(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6BH Perth (Claremont, 1922-1924); 6BH Kalgoorlie (1925-1927); 6BF Perth (Beverley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 193, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgoorlie, 1916; Claremont, 1922; Kalgoorlie, 1925); headmaster (Beverley, 1937; Subiaco, 1943-1958); retired (Subiaco, 1963-1972)

* [[/John Charles Fry Burrows|Burrows, John Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKZ-LJ8] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJCD Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 251, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Kew, 1919-1931); representative (Bairnsdale, 1934); commercial (Kew, 1936-1937); superintendent (Caulfield, 1943-1954); manager (Toorak, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lindsay Thomas Burrows|Burrows, Lindsay Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT53-SNL] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3OB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1937; Essendon, 1938-1938; North Essendon, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 900, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTALL''===

* [[/James Evan Robert Burstall|Burstall, James Evan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W1-FCJ] - 1914(NSW)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2QR Sydney (Beecroft, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; West Pennant Hills, 1948-1955; Beecroft, 1956-1969); 2QR Swansea (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1166, 1933, NSW; COCP2 115, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Beecroft, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Swansea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTON''===

* [[/Leonard Raymond Burston|Burston, Leonard Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4B-NNB] - 1918(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3BV Wangaratta (1936-1939); 4BV Townsville (1947); 4LQ Amberley (1954); 2ALR Canberra (1955); 1ALR Canberra (1956); 3AZB Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960); 2AMG Sydney (French's Forest, 1965); 8AG Darwin (1969); 2BBV Blaxland (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1793, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (RAAF, Point Cook, Vic, 1942); RAAF (RAAF Station, Amberley, Qld, 1954; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); RAAF officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963); airman (RAAF, Darwin, NT, 1968); RAAF (Blaxland, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''BURTON''===

* [[/Arthur Reg Burton|Burton, Arthur Reg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-3HM] - 1899(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4FE Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1935-1936; City, 1937-1939; Highgate Hill, 1946-1948); 1FE Heard Island (1954-1955); 4FE Thursday Island (1955-1956); 4FE Normanton (1960); 4FE Labrador (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1563, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); broadcast technician; federal public servant (PMGD) - Relationships: Likely father of 4BM Arthur Henry Burton - Electoral Rolls: artist (Lutwyche, Qld, 1921); picture showman (Beenleigh, Qld, 1922-1926);  motor engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1931-1934; South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); diesel engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Fenton Burton|Burton, Ronald Fenton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-JK8] - 1918(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3IH Charlton (1936-1939); 3IH Melbourne (Essendon, 1948; Pascoe Vale, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1797, 1936, Vic; BOCP 361, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Glenroy, Vic, 1963-1967; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1972)

===''BUSCH''===

* [[/Reginald Talbot Busch|Busch, Reginald Talbot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ3-2P7] - 1907(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3LS Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1923); 3LS Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1939; North Essendon, 1946-1969; Strathmore, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 157, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 286, 1936; 1AOCP 3, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; research engineer (1942) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); research engineer (Essendon, 1942-1968); research (Strathmore, 1972-1977)

===''BUSH''===

* [[/Albert Melville Bush|Bush, Albert Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBB7-DFN] - 1893(Vic)-1964(Vic) - 3YY Bendigo (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 197, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental apprentice (Bendigo, 1914-1919); dentist (Bendigo, 1922-1963)

===''BUSHBY''===

* [[/Thomas Robert William Bushby|Bushby, Thomas Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2G5-KTN] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2TW Bulli (1927-1928); 2TW Sydney (Gladesville, 1929; Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1931-1933; Rose Bay, 1934; Bondi North, 1935-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 368, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 32, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1933); engineer (Rose Bay, 1934; Bellevue Hill, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1937; Kingsgrove, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Bexley, 1958-1963)

===''BUSHELL''===

* [[/Harold Bushell|Bushell, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKNT-PTQ] - 1917(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHG Sydney (Haberfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1961); 2AHG Sussex Inlet (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1969, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943-1958); technician (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BUTCHER''===

* [[/Eric William Butcher|Butcher, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-77S] - 1912(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4EB Brisbane (Lutwyche, 1931-1933; Kedron, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 871, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937); teacher (Grange, Qld, 1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''BUTLER''===

* [[/Alfred Lloyd Butler|Butler, Alfred Lloyd &quot;Lloyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLX-VQ7] - 1924(SA)-2024(SA)99yo - Licences: 5BR Adelaide (Prospect, 1947); 5BR Murray Bridge (1948-1960); 5BR Adelaide (Panorama, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2481, 1941; BOCP 475, 1942; AOCP1 49, 1947; TVOCP 244, 1960 - amateur operator; historian (SA amateur, SA broadcast) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/ldbutler/index.htm Personal Web Site];[https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/ QSL.NET]; [https://ahars.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/VALE-LLOYD-BUTLER.pdf AHARS Obit]; [https://www.wia.org.au/members/wiaawards/pubcomtechnical/ WIA Technical Award 2005]

* [[/Arthur Rogerson Butler|Butler, Arthur Rogerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H3X-61X] - 1889(NZ)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XADL Sydney (Belmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, CMF, 1915); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Belmore, NSW, 1913); real estate agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930-1933); estate agent (Gosford, NSW, 1934; Umina, NSW, 1936-1937; Ettalong Beach, NSW, 1949-1954; Orange Grove, NSW, 1958) - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified

* [[/Doug Butler|Butler, Doug]] -  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD, Telstra Broadcasting); historian (broadcast, Wikipedia) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/L. M. J. Butler|Butler, L. M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDC Singleton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

* [[/Richard Edmund Butler|Butler, Richard Edmund &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQX1-ZPZ] - 1926(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Senior federal public servant (PMGD), Deputy General Secretary ITU 1983-1989, Secretary General ITU 1983-1989 [https://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/ElectedOfficialBio.aspx?off=6]

* [[/William Fitzwalter Cotter Butler|Butler, William Fitzwalter Cotter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z96-6LL] - 1850(Qld)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XDD Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: house agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1913) - Comment: Likely experimenters one or more of his children - Links: [https://butlersutherland.wordpress.com/the-butler-family-from-cork/william-fitzwalter-butler-1850-1920/ Gene]

===''BUTLER-WOOD''===

* [[/Bertie Saywell Butler-Wood|Butler-Wood, Bertie Saywell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXJ2-18J] - 1894(NSW)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West End, Qld, 1919-1925); dentist (West End, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''BUTTERFIELD''===

* [[/George William Butterfield|Butterfield, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L77T-FCW] - 1903(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6GW Perth (South Perth, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 906, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Northam, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977)

===''BUTTERS''===

* [[/William Leslie Butters|Butters, William Leslie W.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2VQ7-BSV] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2WY Bermagui South (1928-1935); 2WY Sydney (Brooklyn, 1936-1938; Cronulla, 1939; Karuah, 1946-1947); 2WY Nambucca Heads (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 464, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Bermagui South, 1930; Brooklyn, 1936); clerk (Erskineville, 1943); retired (Nambucca Heads, 1949)

===''BUTTERWORTH''===

* [[/Cecil Butterworth|Butterworth, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLR-QDG] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Wallsend (1929-1930); 2BU Wallsend (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 540, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wallsend, 1936-1958); manufacturer (Wallsend, 1963-1972); engineer (Rankin Park, 1977-1980)

===''BUZACOTT''===

* [[/Albert Hardie Buzacott|Buzacott, Albert Hardie &quot;Hardie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7YK-QZ6] - 1914(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4UZ Toowoomba (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1242, 1934, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 260, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); radio operator (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Roma, Qld, 1949; Gympie, Qld, 1954-1972; Caloundra, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Norman Buzacott|Buzacott, Richard Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ82-8ZL] - 1909(WA)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3RB Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1926; Burwood, 1931; Camberwell, 1933); 2TD Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1936); 3TD Lubeck (1938-1939); 3TD Melbourne (Balwyn, 1946-1960); 3AUB Melbourne (Reservoir, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 298, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 61, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); broadcast engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1934-1935); engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1936); broadcast engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BYRNE''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Byrne|Byrne, Harold Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQX-32B] - 1884(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3UT Receive Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1923); 3HB Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1933); 3UB Melbourne (Brighton, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 183, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: railway employe (Seymour, Vic, 1909); telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1906; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1910); electrical engineer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1912-1914; Parkville, Vic, 1914-1919); engineer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1928); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''BYRNES''===

* [[/Ronald Byrnes|Byrnes, Ronald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OE Sydney (Crows Nest, 1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1143, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, several contemporaneous RBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''C'''==

===''CAGNEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cagney|Cagney, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-9HV] - 1909(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Rockhampton (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1386, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Palings, piano tuner); associate I.R.E. Aust - Electoral Rolls: musical instrument worker (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1980)

===''CAHILL''===

* [[/William Benjamin Vincent Cahill|Cahill, William Benjamin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP7K-GY5] - 1913(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VC Sydney (Rockdale, 1931-1939; Sutherland, 1946-1950; Sylvania, 1954; Sutherland, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 781, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Sutherland, NSW, 1943-1949; Sylnannia Heights, NSW, 1954; Sutherland, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CAIN''===

* [[/James Henry Cain|Cain, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKN2-48M] - 1866(Isle of Man)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a/g superintendent, Central Mission, Wesley Church, Melbourne, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Mooroopna, 1903; North Melbourne, 1909-1913; Carlton, 1914-1919; Glenferrie, 1921-1924; Auburn, 1924-1927; Kew, 1928-1937)

===''CALDECOTT''===

* [[/Henry William Spencer Caldecott|Caldecott, Henry William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-K3M] - 1908(Canada)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2SM Sydney (Manly, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928-1929; Manly, 1930-1931); 2DA Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 285, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 58, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Balgowlah, 1930-1968); engineer (Balgowlah, 1977-1980)- callsign 2SM withdrawn by PMGD for allocation to 2SM Sydney commercial broadcaster

===''CALDWELL''===

* [[/Aleck Stewart Caldwell|Caldwell, Aleck Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5SS-6BB] - 1903(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley North, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver -  Comment: During 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Donald Pavy Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Black Forest, SA, 1939); assistant (Erindale, SA, 1941-1943) 

* [[/Donald Pavy Caldwell|Caldwell, Donald Pavy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVC2-5NT] - 1907(SA)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 29, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: amateur broadcaster but never held licence in his name, during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Aleck Stewart Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Clapham, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frank David Caldwell|Caldwell, Frank David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FQ9] - 1907(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Bondi, 1930-1936; Concord, 1937; Bondi, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969); 2YF Katoomba (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 587, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 404, 1938; BOCP 186, 1938  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: employee Clyde Engineering Works (Burwood, 1930); mechanic (Bondi, 1936-1937; Waverley, 1949-1958; Bronte, 1963-1968)

* [[/Robert Ballantyne Caldwell|Caldwell, Robert Ballantyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2ZSH-LYB] - 1869(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: father of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell; brother of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: resident engineer (North Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Rupert Christian Caldwell|Caldwell, Rupert Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W3-897] - 1893(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1924); 2JO Sydney (Bondi Junction, 1928; Waverley, 1929-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1937; Bondi, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 415, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Waverley, 1930-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1936; Bondi Beach, 1937-1968); retired (Waverley, 1972; Bondi Beach, 1977; Malabar, 1980)

* [[/William Alexander Caldwell|Caldwell, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y4-P92] - 1881(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5DI Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: brother of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; uncle of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: nil (Glenelg, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CALETTI''===

* [[/Guido Caletti|Caletti, Guido &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-NV5] - 1900(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922; Newtown, 1922); 2CL Sydney (Newtown, 1923; Redfern, 1924; Annandale, 1924-1926; Punchbowl, 1927-1929; Penrose, 1930); 2AHV Sydney (Hurstville, 1938-1939, 1946-1950); licensed operator of 2ZF Newtown District Radio Club 1924 - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 649, 1921 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Punchbowl, 1930); mechanic (Bankstown, 1933); telephone mechanic (Hurstville, 1937-1949)

===''CALLABY''===

* [[/Clarence James Callaby|Callaby, Clarence James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBQ-38C] - 1910(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1934); 3BI Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 546, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Concord, 1933-1935); chemist (Croydon, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (West Ryde, 1943-1958); company director (St Ives, 1963-1968); director (St Ives, 1972-1977)

===''CALLAGHAN''===

* [[/Andrew Theodore Callaghan|Callaghan, Andrew Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7P4-H56] - 1896(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2NA Sydney (Coogee, 1931); 2NA Inverell (1933); 2NA Delungra (1933-1934); 2NA Sydney (Kensington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 733, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1 Australian Wireless Signal Co, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick East, NSW, 1930-1931); senior postal clerk (Inverell, NSW, 1932); postmaster (Delungra, NSW, 1933-1935; Coogee, NSW, 1937); public servant (Ainslie, ACT, 1943); manufacturer's representative (Longueville, NSW, 1949); representative (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Norman Callaghan|Callaghan, Leslie Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTN-LB3] - 1893(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 181, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 9, 1930 - radio telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); wireless engineer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1937); wireless inspector (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118882329 Trove Bio]

===''CALLANDER''===

* [[/Alexander Roy Callender|Callender, Alexander Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-L11] - 1914(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1947-1969; Murrumbeena, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2062, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972); admin officer (Carnegie, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CALLICK''===

* [[/Harold Victor Callick|Callick, Harold Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF4-P45] - 1898(Eng)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Herston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: surgical dresser (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1921-1925; Herston, Qld, 1937-1963; Alderley, Qld, 1943-1949; Herston, Qld, 1954-1958; Chermside, Qld, 1963); retired (Miami, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''CALLOW''===

* [[/Percival James Callow|Callow, Percival James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFB-TR6] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Albion, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Albion, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Glen Kedron, Qld, 1934; Kedron, Qld, 1936-1963); retired (Scarborough, Qld, 1968)

===''CALVERT''===

* [[/John Gibson Calvert|Calvert, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SQ-61Q] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2VT Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1509, 1935, NSW; COCP2 778, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Holbrook, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Sans Souci, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAMERON''===

* [[/A. R. Cameron|Cameron, A. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RC Adelaide (Leabrook, 1931-1938); 2AMK Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. Y. Cameron|Cameron, A. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman McIntyre Cameron|Cameron, Norman McIntyre]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ7-GNH] - 1906(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Casterton (1933-1939); 3NC Casterton (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1095, 1933, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Carapook, Vic, 1928-1954); farmer (Flagstaff Hill, Vic, 1963-1972); pastoral worker (Sandford, Vic, 1977); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Robert Milton Cameron|Cameron, Robert Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXL-HDJ] - 1907(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 3OT Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Malvern, 1924-1933); 2XV Sydney (Waverton, 1935; Cronulla, 1937-1939); 4CS Brisbane (Doomben, 1947; Archerfield, 1948); 3AC Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 112, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 87, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern East, 1931-1934); aeradio operator (Cooktown, 1943); surveyor (Prahran, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3OT-2XV-4CS-3AC - Robert Milton Cameron&quot;

===''CAMPBELL''===

* [[/Dallas Dwyer Campbell|Campbell, Dallas Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ32-236] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KU? Receive Ulmarra (1922-23); 2CU Ulmarra (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 5, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Ulmarra, NSW, 1932-1949); garage proprietor (Ulmarra, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Douglas Gilmore Campbell|Campbell, Douglas Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJBS-NDD] - 1888(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2JO Receive Kyogle (1922-1924); 2DG Kyogle (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 70, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bryan's Gap, NSW, 1913; Round Mountain, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1932; Limpinwood, NSW, 1933; Upper Crystal Creek, NSW, 1934-1937; Kyogle, NSW, 1949); Gardener (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1948); retired (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Frank Valentine Campbell|Campbell, Frank Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-CGN] - 1901(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4GC George Alfred Campbell - Electoral Rolls: wireless expert (South Brisbane, Qld, 1926); mechanic (Kedron, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Kedron, Qld, 1934-1954); electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Campbell|Campbell, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC4J-HG7] - 1849(Sct)-1930(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, South Yarra, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: director (Melbourne, 1903-1913; South Yarra, 1914-1919); chief executive (South Yarra, 1924-1928)

* [[/George Alfred Campbell|Campbell, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-C21] - 1894(Eng)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4GC Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1937-1939, 1947-1960); 4GC Mermaid Beach (1965-1975); 4GC Brisbane (Annerley, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2014, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Frank Valentine Campbell - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West End, Qld, 1925-1926; South Brisbane, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Annerley, Qld, 1968-1972; Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977)

* [[/James Campbell|Campbell, James]] - 1845(Sct)-1893(Vic) - proprietor of engineering business in Ballarat, politician in Victoria, Postmaster-General Victoria (Apr 1884 - Feb 1886)

* [[/John Alan Campbell|Campbell, John Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G2-9MW] - 1899(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDG Melbourne (Toorak, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Nagambie, Vic, 1924; &quot;Soho&quot;, Drysdale, Vic, 1928-1936) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/campbell-john-archibald-195 ADB]

* [[/Mervyn Richmond Campbell|Campbell, Mervyn Richmond &quot;Snow&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN43-2G2] - 1909(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MR Melbourne (Coburg, 1931-1939); 3MR Quambatook (1947); Clyde (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 857, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Air Force, POW) - Electoral Rolls: milker (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942); farmer (Clyde, Vic, 1949-1980) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qname=CAMPBELL&amp;qnum=9190 RAF Commands]

* [[/Neville Douglas Campbell|Campbell, Neville Douglas or Douglas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73C-WVG] - 1912(Tas)-2007(Tas) - Licences: 7NC Hobart (City, 1932-1939, 1946-1956; Sandy Bay, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 993, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (New Town, 1943; Sandy Bay, 1949-1958)

* [[/Robert Campbell|Campbell, Robert]] - 1917(???)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4RC Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1180, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, treasurer, QSL officer) - Comment: numerous contemporaneous RCs - Electoral Rolls: Nile yet identified

===''CANACOTT''===

* [[/George Webster Canacott|Canacott, George Webster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQF-G9B] - 1918(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ACM Sydney (Concord, 1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 168, 1938; COCP1 531, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: National Medal, 1977; Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry, 1977 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943); police constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1954; Concord, NSW, 1958); police sergeant (West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CANAVAN''===

* [[/John Canavan|Canavan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3D-L6T] - 1914(Eng)-2008(WA) - Licences: 6CN Perth (City, 1936-1939); 6ON Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1811, 1936, WA; BOCP 109, 1937; 1COCP 618, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1937; Maylands, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954; Port Hedland, WA, 1958; Bayswater, WA, 1963-1980)

===''CANNING''===

* [[/Frederick Gerald Canning|Canning, Frederick Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN36-NJ6] - 1900(Isle of Man)-1995(UK) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1931; Toorak, 1933-1937); 2AFW Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938; Greenwich, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 675, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Fitzroy, Vic, 1922-1924); constable (South Yarra, Vic, 1926-1928); radio engineer (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943); retired (Portsea, Vic, 1972-1977; Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''CANNON''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Cannon|Cannon, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3C-FHR] - 1899(Qld)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Cobden (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 852, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1943); clerk (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Holden Burtham Cannon|Cannon, Reginald Holden Burtham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HZY-K77] - 1920(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AMB Sydney (Lindfield, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2284, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1943; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; Brighton, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Ronald Fredrick Herrett Cannon|Cannon, Ronald Fredrick or Frederick Herrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7JW-T6L] - 1913(Tas)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7RC Wynyard (1932-1939); 3BRC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 946, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 97, 1937; 1COCP 473, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RAAFWR; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wynyard, 1936-1937); engineer (St Kilda, 1943); radio technician (Auburn, 1949; Hawthorn, 1954-1967); tv hirer (Hawthorn, 1968-1980)

===''CANSICK''===

* [[/Nathan Victor Charles Cansick|Cansick, Nathan Victor Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSJ-CXC] - 1907(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3VE Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3AK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 139, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1931); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937); physicist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''CANT''===

* [[/Alan Cant|Cant, Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGL-WCG] - 1899(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AIQ Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Dulwich Hill, 1946-1950; Hargrave Park, 1954; Padstow, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2003, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943-1949; Hargrave Park, NSW, 1954; Padstow, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAPE''===

* [[/Alfred Vincent Cape|Cape, Alfred Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L243-57P] - 1881(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XEH Grenfell (1912-1914); 2JU Receive Bathurst (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Tucklan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Leadville, NSW, 1932-1943); farmer (The Oaks, NSW, 1949-1954); no occupation (Campbelltown, NSW, 1958)

===''CAPSEY''===

* [[/Henry Capsey|Capsey, Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK9-N58] - 1906(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1936-1939; Forest Lodge, 1946-1948; Chester Hill, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1661, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: French polisher (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1937); radio (Annandale, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Glebe, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949-1968); radio trades (Chester Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CAREY''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Carey|Carey, Francis Joseph &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54V-PD3] - 1904(Qld)-1983(Qld) -  Licences: X?? Toowoomba (1911-1914); 4?? Toowoomba (1922-1923); 2AMI Sydney (Centennial Park, 1933-1939; North Sydney 1946-1954; Fairfield 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1152, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 122, 1938; COCP2 255, 1939 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio club member (QWI) - Halcyon: AOCP NSW 1925?? - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Parramatta North, NSW, 1936); wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1937); announcer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); engineer (Fairfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Thomas Carey|Carey, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y9-TZ8] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 19, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (St Kilda, 1913; West End, Townsville, 1919)

===''CARGILL''===

* [[/Norman Cargill|Cargill, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-S27] - 1917(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1480, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: press hand (Wentworthville, NSW, 1943-1954); radio mechanic (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Teleopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CARLYLE''===

* [[/Arthur Keith Hanham Carlyle|Carlyle, Arthur Keith Hanham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCM7-GD9] - 1909(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1939; East Preston, 1947-1948); - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 990, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Carlton North, Vic, 1931-1937); ironmonger (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''CARNAHAN''===

* [[/John Malcolm Carnahan|Carnahan, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4K-RZX] - 1915(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3BF Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939, 1947-1948; East Bentleigh, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1246, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1937-1949); supervisor (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''CARNE''===

* [[/Ronald Lewis Carne|Carne, Ronald Lewis &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-N3M] - 1910(Fiji)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4RP Hambledon Mill via Cairns (1935); 4RP Innisfail (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1186, 1933, Qld; 3COCP 429, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, 1936-1937); cane inspector (Sherwood, Qld, 1943); assistant cane inspector (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, Qld, 1949-1954); cane inspector (Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1954-1958); manager (Harwood Mill, Harwood Island, NSW, 1963; Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1968); retired (Bowen, Qld, 1972)

===''CARPENTER''===

* [[/Archibald John Carpenter|Carpenter, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPR-BJS] - 1900(WA)-1956(France) - Licences: No known licence - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 376, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Northam, WA, 1925-1936); instructor (South Perth, WA, 1943); firewood vendor (Whyalla, SA, 1948); teacher (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954)

* [[/Norman Dean Carpenter|Carpenter, Norman Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMS-CM8] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1933); 2RK Griffith (1935); 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1936); 2RK Murwillumbah (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 732, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 80, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CARRIE''===

* [[/F. Carrie|Carrie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Glanville, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CARROLL''===

* [[/Charles Michael Carroll|Carroll, Charles Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DK-LXW] - 1907(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CY Melbourne (Ormond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2038, 1937, Vic; COCP1 313, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Richmond North, Vic, 1931; Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1942); public servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Mount Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles William Joseph Carroll|Carroll, Charles William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-62J] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Sydney (Leichhardt, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 935, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 20, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934); radio inspector (Leichhardt, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

* [[/John McLaughlin Carroll|Carroll, John McLaughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DL-SZY] - 1910(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 3KF Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 961, 1932, Vic; COCP2 414, 1941; COCP1 1581, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Mordialloc, Vic, 1931-1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942); radio officer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); technician (Palmyra, WA, 1954-1963)

===''CARRUTHERS''===

* [[/Frederick Albert Carruthers|Carruthers, Frederick Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFR6-DNF] - 1905(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2PF Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923); 2PF Cowra (1933-1937); 2PF Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938-1939, 1946-1958); 2PF (Lismore, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1120, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moss Vale, NSW, 1930; Cowra, NSW, 1933-1936; Arncliffe, NSW, 1937-1958); stipendiary magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CARTER''===

* [[/Albert Edward Carter|Carter, Albert Edward &quot;Birdie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDL-5CB] - 1916(Qld)-2014(Qld) - Licences: 4LT Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 4LT Nanango (1954); 4LT Brisbane (Carina, 1955-1969); 4LT Sunshine Beach (1975); 4LT Tewantin (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2143, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); wholesale grocery (S. Hoffnung &amp; Co); WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AECs - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Nanango, Qld, 1954); departmental manager (Carina, Qld, 1958-1972); retired (Sunshine Beach, Qld, 1977; Tewantin, Qld, 1980))

* [[/Alfred Raymond Carter|Carter, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2W-TY5] - 1913(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AHH Sydney (Coogee, 1937-1938; Bondi, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1974, 1937, NSW; COCP2 672, 1942; COCP1 796, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943-1963); proprietor (Coogee, NSW, 1972); salesman (Ettalong, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Clarence Sydney William Carter|Carter, Clarence Sydney William]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5T1-TXL] - 1902(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Kensington, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Maylands, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 24, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glen Osmond, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Pell Carter|Carter, Frederick Pell or Peel (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-2BC] - 1899(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5GK Adelaide (Mile End, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 761, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service station proprietor (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Richard Carter|Carter, George Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYC-LC1] - 1909(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GC Camperdown (1933-1939); 3GC Melbourne (East Hawthorn, 1947-1956; Bulleen, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1098, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931; Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1936); salesman (Camperdown, Vic, 1937-1943); dental mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954); dental technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1972-1977) 

* [[/H. Carter|Carter, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Graceville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous HCs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Harry Raymond Carter|Carter, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G5-KJT] - 1911(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HC Armidale (1926-1927); 2HC Quirindi (1928-1939, 1946-1980+); 2BE Portable Quirindi (1933-1934); 2AI Portable Quirindi (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 286, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Quirindi, 1933-1980) - Callsign 2BE withdrawn by PMGD for 2BE Bega commercial

* [[/Walter Leslie Carter|Carter, Walter Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLK-3XG] - 1898(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2WL Sydney (Stanmore, 1925-1927; Punchbowl, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 450, 1919 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Campsie, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1933; Rose Bay, 1934-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''CARTY''===

* [[/Bruce Carty|Carty, Bruce]] - historian (broadcast, amateur broadcast), author &quot;Australian Radio History&quot;

===''CASE''===

* [[/Leslie Jonathan Case|Case, Leslie Jonathan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQN-W19] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMJ Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1939); 2MU Sydney (Unanderra, 1946-1955); 2MU Wollongong, 1955-1956); 2MU Sydney (Padstow, 1957; Beverley Hills, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 202, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1943); technician (Unanderra, NSW, 1954); salesman (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1977; Narwee, NSW, 1980)

===''CASS''===

* [[/Moses Henry Cass|Cass, Moses Henry &quot;Moss&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-NTP] - 1927(WA)-2022(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - doctor; driver for establishment of community radio and SBS Radio - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cass-moses-henry-moss-32316 Obituaries Australia]

===''CASSIDY''===

* [[/John Joseph Cassidy|Cassidy, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYZ-GYJ] - 1901(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3JC Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JJCs - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1934); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954)

===''CASTLE''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Castle|Castle, Clarence Henry &quot;Clarry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-7GR] - 1915(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5KL Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939); 5KL Darwin (1947-1948); 5KL Adelaide (Enfield Heights, 1954-1965; Enfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1209, 1933, SA; 2COCP 263, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CASWELL''===

* [[/Archibald Harold Caswell|Caswell, Archibald Harold &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-Y3X] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) -  Licences: 4CB Murgon (1934-1939); 4CB Maryborough (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1340, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (POW); business proprietor (garage) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954-1972); retired (Torquay, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CATFORD''===

* [[/Lester Evans Catford|Catford, Lester Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDD8-RCB] - 1911(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LC Gladstone (1931-1939, 1947); 5LC Adelaide (Malvern, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 789, 1931, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 357, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Lance Maynard Catford|Catford, Lance Maynard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQR-K2W] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5XL Clare (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2372, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: share farmer (Clare, SA, 1939)

===''CATHCART''===

* [[/Francis Cathcart|Cathcart, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK8-P99] - 1867(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XJDJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''CATT''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Catt|Catt, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JP-4LP] - 1905(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AD Sydney Five Dock, 1934); 2FU Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1297, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AD amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2AD Armidale commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1933); electrical engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935); installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); electrical installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1958); technical officer (Caringbah, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1977; Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

===''CAVANAGH''===

* [[/William Mortimer Cavanagh|Cavanagh, William Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-GPH] - 1908(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Warburton (1923-1924); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925); 2WC Sydney (Potts Point, 1928); 2WC Goulburn (1930); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Williamstown, 1937-1939); 2WC Wauchope (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 214, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 598, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Goulburn, NSW, 1930; St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934); radio dealer (Wauchope, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''CAVE''===

* [[/Norman Cave|Cave, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB7-G73] - 1898(Eng?)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1925-1926); operator of Wills &amp; Co Receive licence 1924 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 129, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF Wireless Operator); foundation member Tasmanian Gliding Club (instructor); returned to England 1931; likely Wing Commander RAF in WW2; possibly lost in SE Asia 1942 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWOOD''===

* [[/Greville Charles Cawood|Cawood, Greville Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXH-PPM] - 1903(NSW)-1994(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bellingen (1923); 2GC Ulong (1926); 2GC Dorrigo (1927-1928); 2ALC Sydney (Waverley, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWTHRON''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Cawthron|Cawthron, Edward Joseph &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBH-9SX] - 1908(NSW)-1964(SA) - Licences: 2JC Sydney (Concord, 1926-1933; Neutral Bay, 1931; Concord, 1933; Five Dock, 1933); 2VA Sydney (City, 1931); 2EJ Sydney (City, 1931); 5JC Adelaide (Kent Town, 1937-1939); 5JE Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954; Somerton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 308, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, 1943)

===''CECIL''===

* [[/Clyde Cecil|Cecil, Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN5-XYG] - 1898(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6AB Kalgoorlie (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 154, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener, Kalgoorlie) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Kalgoorlie, 1919); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, 1921-1925; Maylands, 1928-1937); metallurgist (Nedlands, 1943); physicist (Nedlands, 1949-1954); school principal (Triggs Island, 1958-1963)

===''CHADWICK''===

* [[/Richard Howel Chadwick|Chadwick, Richard Howel (Electoral Rolls) or Howell (BMD) &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3PQ-6HH] - 1896(NZ)-1955(Qld) - Licences: 4GU Brisbane (Wilston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1197, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (travelling salesman) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Zillmere, Qld, 1921); salesman (Wilston, Qld, 1925-1954)

===''CHAFFER''===

* [[/Edward Martin Chaffer|Chaffer, Edward Martin &quot;Martin&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1Z-B3P] - 1905(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1927); 6XF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1933); 2AEK Sydney (Potts Point, 1938); 3MH Hamilton (1947); 3MH Ballarat (1948); 3MH Swan Hill (1954); 3MH Melbourne (Preston, 1955-1956; Moonee Ponds, 1965-1969; Doncaster, 1975-1980) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 354, 1927, No. ?? in Vic; 3COCP 304, 1937; 2COCP 113, 1937; 1COCP 151, 1937 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIA Vic Essendon, treasurer, 1924), placed 2nd for best complete station Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1924; placed second for best complete station at Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1925; placed 10th in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926; broadcast engineer (3HA, 3BA, 3SH), Dept Civil Aviation 1930s, military (WW2, 1942+) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, 1942; Ballarat, 1949; Swan Hill, 1954; Preston, 1963); radio technician (Moonee Ponds, 1967-1968); retired (Doncaster, 1977-1980) - Relationships: father of 3AII Ken Chaffer

===''CHALLEN''===

* [[/Peter Robert Challen|Challen, Peter Robert]] - 1848(Eng)-1905(Vic) - early telephone, telephony &amp; wireless experimenter, employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Electrical Office &amp; Postmaster), radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), associate of Henry Walter Jenvey, William Philip Bechervaise &amp; George Smibert

===''CHALLENDER''===

* [[/Gerard Challender|Challender, Gerard &quot;Gerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CR-1DT] - 1910(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Merewether (1933); 2OF Sydney (Glebe, 1933; Broadmeadow, 1934); 2ZS Kempsey (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1076, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; high profile participation 1950 Kempsey floods; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Merewether, NSW, 1933; Broadmeadow, NSW, 1935; Homebush, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; West Kempsey, NSW, 1949);

===''CHALLENGER''===

* [[/George Reginald Challenger|Challenger, George Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3YQ-ZZB] - 1902(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Auburn, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;2GC - George Reginald Challenger&quot;

===''CHAMBERS''===

* [[/Francis Rupert Chambers|Chambers, Francis Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYY2-JKX] - 1898(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 247, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, 1924-1925); contractor (Geraldton, 1931; Mt Waverley, 1934-1936); linesman (Seaford, 1937; Frankston, 1942); technician (Frankston, 1949; Seaford, 1954); retired (Upwey, 1963; McRae, 1968)

* [[/Walter Alfred Chambers|Chambers, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3N6-VX1] - 1889(Qld)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 151, 1915; 2COCP 100, 1930; 1COCP 96, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Thursday Island, 1912-1913); radio telegraphist (Wyndham, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Subiaco, 1917); radio telegraphist (Esperance, 1921-1925); officer-in-charge (Geraldton, 1925); radio officer (Como, 1931-1934; Esperance, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Como, 1943-1968)

===''CHAMPION''===

* [[/Ellis Colin Clark Champion|Champion, Ellis Colin Clark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHH2-QXC] - 1916(Tas)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2CN Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938, 1946-1948); 2AVC Sydney (Ryde, 1955-1956; Pymble, 1957-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2113, 1938, NSW; BOCP 538, 1943; COCP2 779, 1943; COCP1 792, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Waverley, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Ryde, NSW, 1954); company director (Turramurra, NSW, 1968); director (Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CHANDLER''===

* [[/Alfred William Herbert Chandler|Chandler, Alfred William Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9L-WGV] - 1905(Vic)-2010(Vic)105yo - Licences: 3WH Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1931; Caulfield, 1933-1938); 3LC Melbourne (Malvern, 1956; Armadale, 1960; Glen Iris, 1965-1975; Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 874, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); merchant (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1968; Glen Iris, 1972-1977) - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/johnchandler/documents/My%20Baptist%20Forebares.pdf Full Radio Biography]

* [[/Edward James Chandler|Chandler, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSM-3P1] - 1910(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Townsville (1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2384, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belgian Gardens, Qld, 1931-1949); business manager (Rosslea Estate, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry George Chandler|Chandler, Henry George or George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9K-PF9] - 1909(Eng)-19??(Vic?) - Licences: 3AC Ballarat (1933); 3AC Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1142, 1929; 2COCP 158, 1938; BOCP 190, 1938; 1COCP 301, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1937); airman (Coburg West, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Beals Chandler|Chandler, John Beals]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HN-HXH] - 1887(Eng)-1962(Qld) - principal (4BC); proprietor (J. B. Chandler &amp; Co., 1913-1962); Lord Mayor Brisbane (1940-1952); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - don't confuse D. W. Chandler early wireless experimenter - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chandler-sir-john-beals-9724 ADB]

* [[/R. Chandler|Chandler, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Newtown, 1923); 2193 Sydney (Newtown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHANNON''===

* [[/H. D. Channon|Channon, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2BO Receive Inverell (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Lloyd Lister Channon|Channon, Lloyd Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD59-4NS] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Receive Manilla (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Elsmore, 1913); postal official (Raymond Terrace, 1930-1949)

===''CHAPMAN''===

* [[/Austin Chapman|Chapman, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYW-3F4] - 1864(NSW)-1926(NSW) - occupations (apprentice saddler, hotelier), politician (Postmaster-General, 1905-1907), oversight of Commonwealth Wireless Telegraphy conference Melbourne 1907 - Links: [[w:Austin Chapman|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chapman-sir-austin-5554 ADB]

* [[/Bruce Amundsen Chapman|Chapman, Bruce Amundsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-575] - 1912(WA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BA Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1958; St Ives, 1960-1969 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 696, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Chatswood, 1935-1937); clerk (Balgowlah, 1949-1958; St Ives, 1963-1968)

* [[/E. B. Chapman|Chapman, E. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank William Chapman (Qld)|Chapman, Frank William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC5-KB3] - 1898(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4XL Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939); 4ZFC Brisbane (Ekibin, 1965); 4TH Brisbane (Ekibin, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 785, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Salisbury, Qld, 1928); labourer (Yeronga, Qld, 1929-1937); waterside worker (Paddington, Qld, 1943-1949); PMG technician (Ekibin, Qld, 1954-1972)

* [[/Frank William Chapman (WA)|Chapman, Frank William (WA)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXD-TFK] - 1918(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CC Perth (Manning Park, 1954-1965; Bassendean, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3319, 1953, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Chidlow, WA, 1949); teacher (Manning Park, WA, 1954-1963); technical school principal (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1963); teacher (Bassendean, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1980)

* [[/Harrison Chapman|Chapman, Harrison &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-2C5] - 1909(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1922); 3GU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1929-1939, 1946-1965; Flinders, 1965-1975; Hawthorn, 1980+); 3AGU Portable Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1948-1956; Flinders, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 513, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1AOCP 32, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, 1931-1936); chemist (Geelong, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942; Ivanhoe, 1949-1954); chemical engineer (Ivanhoe, 1963); minister of religion (Flinders, 1968); clergyman (Flinders, 1972-1977)

* [[/Michael Nason Chapman|Chapman, Michael Nason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-JCB] - 1881(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XAAR Springwood (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1930-1937); no occupation (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1943) - Comment: Beware another contemporaneous Michael Nason Chapman in Sydney district

* [[/Owen George Chapman|Chapman, Owen George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YX-YLK] - 1904(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2OC Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 669, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wyong, 1930-1958)

* [[/Percival Carnew Lamont Chapman|Chapman, Percival Carnew Lamont &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-5M8] - 1911(Qld)-2008(Qld) - 4PC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1933); 4PC Babinda (1937-1939); 4PC Monto (1946-1975); 4PC Point Vernon (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1155, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); occupation (power house engineer/manager) - Relationships: father of Geoff Chapman 4CET - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1943; Monto, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Point Vernon, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Chapman|Chapman, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZ2X-8KG] - 1890(Tas)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 116, 1915; 1COCP 63, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal wireless operator; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1925); officer-in-charge (Radio Station Applecross, 1931-1954)

===''CHAPPELL''===

* [[/Lloyd Arthur Chappell|Chappell, Lloyd Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69G-SB9] - 1911(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7LC Ross (1936-1937); 7LC Winnaleah (1938-1939); 7LC Hobart (Kingston, 1947-1955; Sandy Bay, 1956-1975; Coles Bay, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1828, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 172, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ross, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Queenstown, 1943; Kingston, 1949-1958)

===''CHARLES''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Charles|Charles, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QC-V3V] - 1916(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5YQ Adelaide (North Unley, 1935-1939; Unley, 1947-1948; Ascot Park, 1954-1956; Hyde Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1443, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Unley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Gordon Bendall Charles|Charles, Gordon Bendall Hura?]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-G7Z] - 1911(NZ)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Coogee, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1258, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Coogee, NSW, 1932-1943); radio technician (Coogee, NSW, 1949-1963); liaison officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''CHARLESWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald Denison Charlesworth|Charlesworth, Reginald Denison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1M-CKJ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2CI Receive Sydney (Haberfield, 1922); 2CI Sydney (Haberfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: migrated to Fiji mid 1920s, returned to Australia mid 1930s - Electoral Rolls: factory manager (Summer Hill, 1933); engineer (Haberfield, 1935-1937); Lane Cove, 1943); radio engineer (Dee Why, 1949-1954); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1958-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2CI - Reginald Denison Charlesworth&quot;

===''CHARLTON''===

* [[/Noel Benson Charlton|Charlton, Noel Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCF9-CLT] - 1897(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: XII Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''CHARTERIS''===

* [[/Michael Charteris|Charteris, Michael]] - 4QS Ipswich &amp; Maryborough - amateur operator, historian (amateur)

===''CHATFIELD''===

* [[/Robert Greatham Chatfield|Chatfield, Robert Greatham &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK92-9L1] - 1900(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: ZL2AV Wellington (1925-1954+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 1925, No. ?? in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clubs (Wellington Amateur Radio Club 2WB, member and one time president) - Relationships: father of Don Chatfield ZL2SG - QSLs: substantial early portion (100+) of QSL collection survives - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wellington, 1922); salesman (Wellington, 1931-1954); retired (Wellington, 1963-1972)

===''CHATTERTON''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Chatterton|Chatterton, Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZWW-952] - 1902(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: 7AY Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hobart, 1925-1928)

===''CHAUVEL''===

* [[/Walter Temple Frank Chauvel|Chauvel, Walter Temple Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH5T-WNQ] - 1902(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Stanthorpe (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1925-1928); grazier (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1928-1943); radio engineer (Texas, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''CHEEL''===

* [[/Charles Reginald Cheel|Cheel, Charles Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N1J-PTC] - 1890(Vic)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5CR Adelaide (Maylands, 1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1278, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHEN''===

* [[/Paul Chen|Chen, Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDP-4H6] - 1913(China)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2063, 1937, Vic; BOCP 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHENNELL''===

* [[/Victor Chennell|Chennell, Victor &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBH-1XV] - 1907(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5JH Adelaide (Norwood, 1927-1933; Cowandilla, 1937-1939; North Adelaide, 1946-1956; Ascot Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 346, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer? (Goodwood Park, 1939)

===''CHESSELL''===

* [[/John Carl Chessell|Chessell, John Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2M1-9GS] - 1900(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 3JW Receive Melbourne (Surry Hills, 1922); 2LV Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1929-1934); 2YU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1935-1936; Ashfield, 1937-1939); 2AFL Sydney (Careel Bay, 1948-1950); 2ER Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1948-1950); 2BJC Sydney (Ashfield, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 517, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1921); electrician (Lewisham, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (The Esplanade, NSW, 1949; Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Ashfield, NSW, 1980)

===''CHESTERFIELD''===

* [[/John Henry Chesterfield|Chesterfield, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVH-3SK] - 1895(Vic)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Wayville, 1924-1926); 2ACQ Sydney (Strathfield, 1937-1939); 4HJ Brisbane (Cleveland, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 23, 1914; 1COCP 266, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1931-1935); department manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, 1936; Pymble, NSW, 1943; Cleveland, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''CHICK''===

* [[/Keith Ferdinand Chick|Chick, Keith Ferdinand or Ferdernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6P4-SHY] - 1907(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3FV Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2015, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Aspendale, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1934-1949); army (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954); army officer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Garth Chick|Chick, Leonard Garth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SW-7PJ] - 1918(Tas)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 7LG Launceston (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1973, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 227, 1939; 2COCP 550, 1941; 1COCP 1264, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Swan Point, 1944); aeradio operator (Lindisfarne, 1949); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954); draftsman (East Keilor, 1963-1968); surveyor (Forster, 1977-1980)

===''CHILTON''===

* [[/Frederick Oliver Chilton|Chilton, Frederick Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-XFL] - 1905(NSW)-2007(NSW)102yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Wahroonga, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 147, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receive operator; military (Brigadier); awards (Knighted) - Relationships: brother of 2RC Robert Ralph Chilton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943); civil servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Clareville Beach, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Frederick Oliver Chilton|Wikipedia]]

* [[/George Frederick Chilton|Chilton, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CR-41Q] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1924; Carlingford, 1925); 4GD Townsville (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 160, 1915; 1COCP 10, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal operator (VIG, VIB, VIS, VIT, Rockbank); wireless telegraphist (PMG); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917); federal public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1919-1921); radio stationmaster (South Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenferrie, 1927; Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1942); engineer (St Kilda, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert Ralph Chilton|Chilton, Robert Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-821] - 1907(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1925-1926); 2RC Gloucester (1927); 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1928-1939, 1946-1947; Roseville East, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 152, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist assistant (Wahroonga, 1933); chemist (Stanthorpe, 1954-1963; Sherwood, Qld, 1972) - Relationships: brother of Frederick Oliver Chilton

===''CHILVER''===

* [[/Gwenneth Mary Chilver|Chilver formerly Churchward nee Holland, Gwenneth Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-KH6] - 1923(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3US Leongatha (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3894, 1960, Vic - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3DI James Daniel Chilver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Leongatha South, Vic, 1954); home duties (Vermont, Vic, 1958; Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968) 

* [[/James Daniel Chilver|Chilver, James Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-V7Y] - 1913(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DI Tarwin (1936-1937); 3DI Leongatha (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1790, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Husband of 3US Gwenneth Mary Chilver - Electoral Rolls: farming (Tarwin, Vic, 1936-1937; Leongatha, 1943-1954); sales (Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''CHINERY''===

* [[/Jessie Camelia Chinery|Chinery or Chinnery, Jessie Camelia]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMP-6NZ] - 1915(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6JC Perth (Welshpool, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1866, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Welshpool, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''CHINNER''===

* [[/Harry Edward Chinner|Chinner, Harry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVJ7-SXT] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Sydney (Randwick, 1933-1939; Maroubra, 1946-1954; Kirrawee, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1081, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 142, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: contractor (East Maitland, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Randwick North, NSW, 1931-1937); foreman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1954); supervisor (Kirrawee, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CHIPPINDALL''===

* [[/Eric Kellett Chippindall|Chippindall, Eric Kellett &quot;Chippy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFCB-MNZ] - 1916(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939); 4XR Gympie (1946-1969); 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1940, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4SB, 4BU, 4LG, 4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1949); announcer-engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1954-1958); shopkeeper (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Chippindall|Chippindall, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTT-PJC] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3VU Melbourne (Coburg West, 1933-1939); 4VU Brisbane (Northgate, 1947-1948); 3VU Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1238, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1942; Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CHISHOLM''===

* [[/Graham St Clair Chisholm|Chisholm, Graham St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX47-TTR] - 1915(Qld)-2002(WA) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933); 3ACG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1948); 5PG Darwin (1955-1956); 1AB Canberra (Canberra City, 1960; Ainslie, 1965); 6IB Perth (Dalkeith, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1101, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 18, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (3SR, Shepparton, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1954); broadcaster (Reid, ACT, 1958; Ainslie, ACT, 1963; Dalkeith, WA, 1968-1972); manager (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

===''CHITHAM''===

* [[/William Norman Chitham|Chitham, William Norman &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-KJK] - 1912(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4UU Brisbane (Bulimba, 1933-1934; Fortitude Valley 1937-1939; Cannon Hill, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 913, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor, QSL officer); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cannon Hill, 1949-1963); buyer (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''CHOATE''===

* [[/Roger Sidney Choate|Choate, Roger Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQX-RW3] - 1913(Irl)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6RK Harvey (1930-1933); 6RK Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6RK Dardanup (1947); 6RK Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1956; Salters Point, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 714, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 42, 1936; 3AIR 1121, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Squadron Leader) - Awards: Military Division OBE [[w:1964_Birthday_Honours|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1937; Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Melville, WA, 1943); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); surveyor (Salters Point, WA, 1963-1968; Manning, WA, 1972-1977) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1513688 AWM] [https://www.ozatwar.com/raaf/shepherdshillradar.htm OzAtWar]

===''CHOULES''===

* [[/George Henry Choules|Choules, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK5-XZF] - 1902(Eng)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Homebush, 1937-1938; Enfield, 1939); 3AHB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East Malvern, 1954-1965; Blairgowrie, 1969; St Andrews, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1972; St Andrews, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CHOY''===

* [[/Howe Choy|Choy, Howe]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAG Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHRISMAS''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Chrismas|Chrismas, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YC-FC2] - 1892(NSW)-1950(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 250, 1916; 1COCP 31, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916); wireless operator (Wyndham, 1917; Applecross, 1925); radio telegraphist (Broome, 1931; Geraldton, 1936-1949)

===''CHUGG''===

* [[/Richard Chugg|Chugg, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q9V-D49] - 1858(Sct)-1925(Vic) - Licences: XOQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: art dealer (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915)

===''CHURN''===

* [[/George Churn|Churn, George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XG Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 897, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified; Surname may be misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CIALLELLA''===

* [[/Rebecca Michelle Ciallella|Ciallella, Rebecca Michelle]] - historian (broadcast); author - Links: [https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40783/  The Shaping of a Voice: The Early Years of 6WF]

===''CLAFFEY''===

* [[/Keighran James Claffey|Claffey, Keighran James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84R-LLP] - 1903(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Deniliquin (1928-1939); 2AK Picton (1946); 2AK Deniliquin (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 459, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarrandale, 1949; Deniliquin, 1954; Yarrandale, 1958-1963); retired (Deniliquin, 1977-1980)

===''CLARK''===

* [[/Allan Bernard Clark|Clark, Allan or Alan or Allen Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-VV3] - 1912(???)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ALO Martins Creek (1939); 2ALO Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1965; Wiley Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2257, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1935); fettler (Werris Creek, NSW, 1936; Hornsby, NSW, 1943; Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1968); rail examiner (Lakemba, NSW, 1972-1977); doorman (Lakemba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Francis Thomas Clark|Clark, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-CJH] - 1903(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3FC Rainbow (1928); 3FC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933; Elwood, 1937; St Kilda, 1938); 3FC Mildura (1946-1947); 3FC Ouyen (1948-1960); 3FC Geelong (Leopold, 1969; Clifton Springs, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 426, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Rainbow, 1925); postal clerk (Rainbow, 1928); clerk (St Kilda, 1931-1937); senior postal clerk (Red Cliffs, 1942); postmaster (Ouyen, 1949-1954); retired (Clifton Springs, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank P. R. Clark|Clark, Frank P. R.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFG-WRN] - 1900(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924); 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1925) - Qualifications: AOCP 122, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: gone too soon - Trovetag: &quot;2YF - Frank P. R. Clark&quot;

* [[/J. Clark|Clark or Clarke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Vaucluse, 1934; Dee Why, 1935; CBD, 1936-1939, 1947); 2DZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948); 2DZ Merewether (1950-1954); 2DZ Newcastle (Adamstown, 1955-1961; Beresfield, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leopold Francis Clark|Clark, Leopold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273Q-3D5] - 1902(Tas)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7CK Natone (1932-1939); 7CK Burnie (1946-1948); Deloraine (1954-1969); Lanena (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 989, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Natone, 1928-1936; Burnie, 1943-1949); grazier (Needles, 1954; Deloraine, 1963)

* [[/Raymond John Clark|Clark, Raymond John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWS-RGF] - 1910(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3VO Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2359, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fish merchant (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-1967)

===''CLARKE''===

* [[/Albert Irvin Keith Clarke|Clarke, Albert Irvin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1L-D6Z] - 1896(WA)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2IC Sydney (Earlwood, 1931-1939, 1946-1975; Narrabeen, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 729, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coach builder (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1972); retired (Narrabeen, NSW, 1977)

* [[/F. P. R. Clarke|Clarke, F. P. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Gunner Clarke|Clarke, Gunner]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFN Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Ross Clarke|Clarke, James Ross]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 962, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRCs - Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Percival Fraser Clarke|Clarke, Percival Fraser &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ3-4J2] - 1896(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4PY Ayr (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1781, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jarvisfield, Qld, 1919-1937; Aspley, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/R. Clarke|Clarke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Auburn, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Allan Clarke|Clarke, Reginald Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MC-GMQ] - 1919(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2213, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Warren Cecil Clarke|Clarke, Warren Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1G-MDD] - 1928(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ASM Sydney (Brookvale, 1947; Broadway, 1948-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1955; Brookvale, 1956-1961; Balgowlah, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2836, 1948, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Pyrmont, NSW, 1949); press photographer (Dee Why, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); photographer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Warren Ross Clarke|Clarke, Warren Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NT-LSN] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Mosman,1930-1933; Asquith, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: AOCP 650, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 6, 1934; 1COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Asquith, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1936); radio officer (Mosman, 1943); flight radio officer (Mosman, 1949-1954); clerk (Glenbrook, 1963); travel consultant (Glenbrook, 1972); clerk (Merrylands, 1972); planner (North Rocks, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Clarke|Clarke, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ2-1QS] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 32, 1930 - RANRS (temp Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: several contemporaneous WGCs - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Townsville, 1916); seaman (HMAS Encounter, Geelong, 1919); biograph operator (Langwarrin Military Camp, Vic, 1919); hotel manager (Naval Base Hotel, South Fremantle, 1931)

===''CLAY''===

* [[/Richard George Clay|Clay, Richard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZZ-LGN] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Northcote, 1929; Alphington, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 536, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Northcote, 1925-1927); welder (Northcote, 1928); electric welder (Alphington, 1931); welder (Richmond, 1936-1937; Alphington, 1942; Northcote, 1949); contractor (Traralgon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Henry Victor Clay|Clay, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-CN9] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Sydney (Maroubra, 1932-1933; Ryde, 1933-1934; Gladesville, 1935; Ryde, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 943, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 428, 1933; COCP1 509, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1933); constable (Ryde, NSW, 1934-1943); sawmiller (North Ryde, NSW, 1949); technician (Dural, NSW, 1958); radio technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1963; Oakville, NSW, 1968); grazier (Nabiac, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Iluka, NSW, 1980)

===''CLAYTON''===

* [[/Maisie Ian Jesson Clayton|Rawson nee Clayton, Maisie Ian Jesson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RT-25P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 488, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Artarmon, 1937); engineer (Kirribilli, 1949); radio engineer (Lane Cove, 1954-1963); engineer (Lane Cove, 1968-1972); home duties (Lane Cove, 1977-1980) - Lady:

* [[/Maurice Charles Clayton|Clayton, Maurice Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86J-HX3] - 1912(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1930-1931); 5ZC Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 596, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon (24yo)

* [[/Walter George Gladstone Clayton|Clayton, Walter George Gladstone &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3XN-J1N] - 1918(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4WG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4WG Brisbane (Windsor, 1946-1969); 4WG Townsville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1868, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF Signals); state public servant (Qld Railways, supervising tech. comms.) - Relationships: uncle of Maise Ian Jesson Rawson nee Clayton (Radio Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Windsor, 1954-1968); technician (Townsville, 1972-1980)

===''CLEBURNE''===

* [[/Eric William Cleburne|Cleburne, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-3WZ] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AII Sydney (Gordon, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1946-1950; Willoughby East, 1954-1958); 2BII Bermagui South (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2025, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gordon, NSW, 1935-1937); wireless operator (Gordon, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Willoughby, NSW, 1954-1958); manager (Croydon, Vic, 1958-1968); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CLEMENS''===

* [[/Henry Clemens|Clemens, Henry]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 970, 1932, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HCs; Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CLIFF''===

* [[/Harry Cliff|Cliff, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-WYZ] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HC Melbourne (Essendon, 1928-1948; Heidelberg, 1954-1975); 3HC Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 400, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Comment: pre 1928 is another Harry Cliff - Electoral Rolls: implement maker (Moonee Ponds, 1906); engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1928); clerk (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); company secretary (North Melbourne, 1943); director (Ivanhoe, 1954-1968; Heidelberg, 1972); retired (Point Lonsdale, 1977-1980)

===''CLIFFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Glendenning Clifford|Clifford, Herbert Glendenning]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTS-4CN] - 1882(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5BW Receive Renmark (1923); Receive Renmark (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Renmark, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CLINCH''===

* [[/Frederick Gladstone Clinch|Clinch, Frederick Gladstone &quot;Glad&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5P-TWM] - 1898(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6JR Greenough (1928-1933); 6FG Miling (1960); 6FG Perth (Doubleview, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 468, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 6CL Ian Harold Wilson Clinch - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Greenough, 1922-1943); garage proprietor (Miling, 1958); retired (Doubleview, 1963-1972)

* [[/Ian Harold Wilson Clinch|Clinch, Ian Harold Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQX-YS1] - 1926(WA)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6CL Miling (1960-1965); 6CL Dandaragan (1969); 6CL Rossmoyne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3596, 1957, WA - amateur operator, WW2 - Relationships: son of 6JR-6FG Frederick Gladstone Clinch - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leederville, 1949); manager (Miling, 1958-1963); radio technician (Dongara, 1968); technician (Rossmoyne, 1972-1980)

===''CLOSS''===

* [[/Alvin Theodore Closs|Closs, Alvin Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-HG7] - 1895(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: V750 Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922); 3GV Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Brighton, 1917); storekeeper (Olinda, 1924-1931); salesman (Olinda, 1934-1937); civil servant (Tunstall, 1943-1954); retired (Yarra Junction, 1963-1972)

===''CLOUGH''===

* [[/James Edward Clough|Clough, James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QV-KGG] - 1887(NSW)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 483, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918)  - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Sea Lake, Vic, 1912); telegraphist (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, Vic, 1915; Prahran, Vic, 1916-1917); postmaster (Sunshine, Vic, 1924-1927; Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''CLUNNE''===

* [[/Edward James Clunne|Clunne, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKD-4W1] - 1914(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2DK Sydney (Merrylands, 1932-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1060, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Occupation machinist in deceased estate file - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Granville, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''CLYNE''===

* [[/Alec Henry Clyne|Clyne, Alec Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YX-G45] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3VX Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; East Prahran, 1947-1948; Carnegie, 1954-1960); 3ACC Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1965; Glen Waverley, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1620, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3HZ Edgar Murray Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1963; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Edgar Murray Clyne|Clyne, Edgar Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QB-W1W] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923); 3HZ Shepparton (1935-1937); 3HZ Warragul (1938-1939, 1947); 3HZ Shepparton (19481965); 3HZ Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1558, 1935, Vic; BOCP 51, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VX-3ACC Alec Henry Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1931-1937; Warragul, Vic, 1942); manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''COADE''===

* [[/Ernest Coade|Coade, Ernest]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rutherglen, 1914); mechanic (Thursday Island, 1919)

===''COAKLEY''===

* [[/Thomas James Coakley|Coakley, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX24-W7T] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 5UK Adelaide (Unley, 1933-1939); 3IU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Essendon, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1105, 1933, No. ?? in SA, 3COCP 61, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: aero fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''COALTER''===

* [[/Martin Coalter|Coalter, Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSR-STB] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1, 1914 - ship wireless operator? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COATE''===

* [[/Edward Fordham Coate|Coate, Edward Fordham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-SQZ] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3AIP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1965-1969; Lower Templestowe, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 26, 1936; AOLCP 884, 1960; AOCP 4053, 1962, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''COATES''===

* [[/Alfred Melbourne Coates|Coates, Alfred Melbourne or Melbourne Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-MCZ] - 1884(???)-1964(Vic) - Licences: V757 Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922); 3GG Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (USA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1921-1937; Kalorama, 1943-1954)

===''COATH''===

* [[/Stanley Pascall Coath|Coath, Stanley Pascall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQB-4C4] - 1913(Vic)-2010(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (West Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1363, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''COBB''===

* [[/Victor Lindsay Cobb|Cobb, Victor Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB7Y-Q52] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1881, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1954; Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''COCHRANE''===

* [[/Athol Brien Cochrane|Cochrane, Athol Brien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKF-1FK] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAEK Sydney (Longueville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals Coy, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COCKS''===

* [[/Leonard Wilfred Sidney John Cocks|Cocks, Leonard Wilfred Sidney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP2-8K3] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2DF Sydney (Eastwood, 1933-1939; Arncliffe, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1224, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Arncliffe, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''COFFEY''===

* [[/Henry Freeman Coffey|Coffey, Henry Freeman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3QL-BR1] - 1885(Irl)-1934(NSW) - Licences: 4KY Brisbane (Doomben, 1925-1926; Hamilton, 1927); 2ZY Sydney (Willoughby, 1929; Maroubra, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 52, 1915; 1COCP 12, 1930 - Halycyon: AOCP Brisbane 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless operator (Marconi, White Star, Booth Steamship, Iquitos Steamship, Union Castle); RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal operator (CRS, PMGD, AWA); federal public servant - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Middle Park, Vic, 1919); engineer (Malvern East, 1922-1924); radiostation master (Thursday Island, 1925); wireless operator (Doomben, Qld, 1925-1928); engineer (Chatswood, 1930); wireless mechanic (Maroubra, 1930-1934)

===''COFFIN''===

* [[/Robert George Coffin|Coffin, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXT-CSG] - 1911(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3NU Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1960); 3ANU Mobile Aboard Vessel &quot;Carole G&quot; (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1767, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963)

===''COGHLAN''===

* [[/John Leo Coghlan|Coghlan, John Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV3-1F4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3ST Melbourne (St Kilda, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1777, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bunyip, Vic, 1931-1934); driver (St Kilda West, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''COHEN''===

* [[/Derrick Cohen|Cohen, Derek or Derrick Simeon &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCF-DR7] - 1914(Eng)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2YM Sydney (Dobroyd Point, 1932-1933; Kings Cross, 1933; Clovelly, 1934-1936); 4YM Brisbane (City, 1937-1939); 1YM Macquarie Island (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 238, 1930; AOCP 1011, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West End, Qld, 1943); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954); television producer (Chatswood, NSW, 1963; Little Wallaby Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Francis Cohen|Cohen, Ronald Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVV3-8HY] - 1912(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2TF Sydney (Beecroft, 1935-1937; Mosman, 1938; Pennant Hills, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1478, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Beecroft, NSW, 1933-1937); industrial chemist (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''COLE''===

* [[/Gordon Francis Cole|Cole, Gordon Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8C-FHT] - 1919(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Cronulla, 1935-1938; Caringbah, 1939; Miranda, 1946-1950; Beverly Hills, 1954-1965; West Pymble, 1969) - cc; Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1560, 1935, NSW; BOCP 106, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous GFC - Electoral Rolls: technician (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1968)

* [[/J. Cole|Cole, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBZ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: several JCs in Wollstonecraft area 1913 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Lionel Cole| Cole, Victor Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRRF-HC9] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ACS Sydney (Croydon, 1936-1939; Lakemba, 1946-1947); 2VL Sydney (Lakemba, 1948-1975); 2VL Sussex Inlet (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1681, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Botany, NSW, 1930-1935); toolmaker (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1980)

===''COLEBATCH''===

* [[/Ernest Vincent Colebatch|Colebatch, Ernest Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q2-974] - 1905(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5CG Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Belair, SA, 1939-1941)

===''COLES''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Coles|Coles, Arthur Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWWX-J2S] - 1902(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2746 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1930); motor mechanic (Wyangala Dam, NSW, 1931-1934); mechanic (Ungarie, NSW, 1937; Chullora, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Croydon Park, NSW, 1954-1963); supervisor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1968); retired (Douglas Park, NSW, 1972; Lumeah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLESTON''===

* [[/Stanley Russell Coleston|Coleston, Stanley Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-KQL] - 1913(Vic)-2012(Qld) - Licences: 3XK Melbourne (Middle Park, 1930-1931; Gardenvale, 1933; Glenhuntly, 1937-1939, 1946-1955); 9XK Port Moresby (1956-1960); 3AXK Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969); 4XA Brisbane (Geebung, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 688, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; DCA (Port Moresby, ca 1960) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Glenhuntly, 1936-1942; Caulfield East, 1949-1954); public servant (Mt Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Geebung, 1977-1980)

===''COLLARD''===

* [[/Cyril John Felton Collard|Collard, Cyril John Felton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97X9-6VY] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2CF Maitland West (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 362, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 540, 1941; BOCP 541, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lorn, 1930-1963); retired (North Maitland, 1968)

===''COLLETT''===

* [[/Major Edwin Collett|Collett, Major Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZ6-293] - 1907(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2XL Lisarow (1935-1936); 2RU Lisarow (1937); 2RU Gosford (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1505, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2XL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2XL Cooma commercial service - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Bilfin, NSW, 1930; Lisarow, NSW, 1932-1937); radio engineer (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1968); director (Gosford, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLLEY''===

* [[/James Graham Colley|Colley, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-M23] - 1906(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Seacliff, 1947); 3QZ Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947); 3QZ Traralgon, 1948-1980+); 3AQW Lakes Entrance (1960); 3AQZ Lakes Entrance (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2280, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1928; Yarram, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Quambatook, Vic, 1942); inspector (Traralgon, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Traralgon, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLLINGE''===

* [[/Christopher Herbert Collinge|Collinge, Christopher Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L242-4YT] - 1911(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2FQ Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Bexley North (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1849, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Bexley North, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''COLLINS''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Joseph Collins|Collins, Clarence Henry Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1Y1-GB1] - 1891(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5FC Adelaide (Marryatville, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1043, 1932, SA; BOCP 29, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Marryatville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Reuben James Collins|Collins, Reuben James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2F-6PX] - 1904(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3OI Melbourne (Croxton, 1936-1939; Preston, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1737, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1926-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1954)

* [[/Walter Collins|Collins, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-QL2] - 1910(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2AEI Wagga Wagga (1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1863, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Australian Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934; Southern Cross Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936; Exchange Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Edward Collins|Collins, William Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XYAH Perth (Cannington, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous WECs - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Cannington, WA, 1916; Victoria Park, WA, 1917); civil servant (Balkatta, WA, 1931-1937)

===''COLLIS''===

* [[/George Andrew Collis|Collis, George Andrew]] - 1869(Tas)-1926(Tas) - Receive Hobart, radio clubs (Tasmanian Radio Club, foundation member, 1922+), electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1921) - potential misidentification, George Arthur Collis, Radio Research Club, Hobart, witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927

* [[/Ralph Collis|Collis, Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-48N] - 1918(WA)-2013(WA)105yo - Licences: 6LY Perth (Bayswater, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1454, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bayswater, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); proprietor (Cadoux, WA, 1963; Tuart Hill, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Dianella, WA, 1972-1977); proprietor (Bedford, WA, 1980)

===''COLQUHOUN''===

* [[/Colin George Burrowes Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Colin George Burrowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-RLP] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XJAA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (South Yarra, Vic, 1919-1921); medical practitioner (Avoca, Vic, 1924-1931; Mornington, Vic, 1935; Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Ringwood, Vic, 1937); medical official (Croydon, Vic, 1943-1954); medical practitioner (Heathmont, Vic, 1958); nil (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Trevor Keith Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Trevor Keith]] - 1907(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 9TC Salamaua, New Guinea (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 935, 1926; COCP2 101, 1930; COCP1 33, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Medal of the Order of Australia, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (New Town, Tas, 1943); newsagent (Launceston, Tas, 1972); retired (Norwood, Tas, 1980)

===''COLTHEART''===

* [[/Clarence James Coltheart|Coltheart, Clarence James]] - 1885(Tas)-1962(Tas) - Licences: 7BF Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1913-1914; Queenstown, 1922-1954)

===''COLTHRUP''===

* [[/James Frederick Colthrup|Colthrup, James Frederick &quot;Frederick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBW8-J4Z] - 1908(Vic)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 3PL Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1368, 1934, Vic; COCP1 374, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, Wireless &amp; Gunnery School) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, 1931); engineer (Clifton Hill, 1937); airman (Clifton Hill, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/623876 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306064 AWM]; [https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140421275 Trove]

===''COLTON''===

* [[/George Musgrove Coward Colton|Colton, George Musgrove Coward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2G-R3C] - 1893(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922); 2UM Sydney (Stanmore, 1935-1939, 1947-1950; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 806, 1924 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical business (Annandale, NSW, 1932-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''COLVILLE''===

* [[/Sydney Victor Colville|Colville, Sydney Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WQ-S78] - 1894(Vic)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XQF Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913); 2FA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 2FA Sydney (CBD, 1923-1924; Drummoyne, 1923-1925); 2VH Sydney (Longueville, 1935; CBD 1936; Broadway, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless retail business proprietor (Colville Moore) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloongabba, 1917; Chelmer, 1919-1921); broker (Bowen Hills, 1922); manufacturer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1933); merchant (Lane Cove, 1935-1936); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1936-1937); company director (Glenbrook, 1943-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XQF-2FA-2VH - Sydney Victor Colville&quot;

===''COLVIN''===

* [[/Noel Denis Colvin|Colvin, Noel Denis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNBQ-MM5] - 1914(Vic)-2013(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3NJ Melbourne (Ringwood East, 1935-1939); 3AUT Melbourne (Box Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1448, 1935, Vic; COCP2 64, 1936; COCP1 152, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: airman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); Student (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); RAAF (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLYER''===

* [[/Eric Lionel Colyer|Colyer, Eric Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZH-47J] - 1915(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2EL Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Manly, 1934; Vaucluse, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937-1939); 3EQ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938); 3AEL Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947-1948); 2AED Sydney (Gordon, 1950-1960) (Vessel MY &quot;Tiki&quot;, 1955-1956); 2BEL Sydney (Gordon, 1969; Pymble, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1016, 1932, NSW; COCP3 2337, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Vaucluse, NSW, 1937); manager (Burwood, NSW, 1943; Malvern East, Vic, 1949); company director (Gordon, NSW, 1954-1968); director (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CONDON''===

* [[/Austin Sylvester Condon|Condon, Austin Sylvester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RG-K2K] - 1924(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5WO Laura (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3012, 1949, SA - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil [https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/obituaries-tributes-to-three-of-our-finest/news-story/845c3a27d81fd8a8f4bbe436503a9b1e Obit]

===''CONDER''===

* [[/Walter Tasman Conder|Conder, Walter Tasman &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CJ-DTS] - 1888(Tas)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as General Manager, BCA, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Launceston, 1914); soldier (Langwarrin Military Camp, 1918-1921; Melbourne, 1924); secretarial (Melbourne, 1925-1928); entrepreneur (Melbourne, 1931-1937); secretary (Melbourne, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/conder-walter-tasman-5747 ADB]

===''CONGDON''===

* [[/Bert Congdon|Congdon, Bert &quot;Bertie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VVJ-CMW] - 1891(Vic)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6BA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923-1924); 6BC Perth (Subiaco, 1927-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 382, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; civil servant - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, 1925-1958)

===''CONNELLY''===

* [[/Dermot Anthony Connelly|Connelly, Dermot Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L5-2VC] - 1903(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922); 3BU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925); 3ADK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Ivanhoe, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Caulfield, 1927-1936); Air Force officer (St Kilda, 1937); nil (Frankston, 1949); photographer (Ivanhoe, 1954-1963)

===''CONNON''===

* [[/George Wilson Connon|Connon, George Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-8Z2] - 1907(Sct)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5KJ Booleroo (1937-1939); 5KJ Yunta (1947); 5KJ Alice Springs (1948-1954); 5KJ Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1955-1956); 5KJ Port Lincoln (1960); 5KJ Berri (1965-1969); 5KJ Barmera (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1991, 1937, SA; 2COCP 336, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Millswood East, SA, 1939); bookkeeper (Port Augusta, SA, 1941-1948); radio technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1949-1954)

===''CONNOR''===

* [[/Emmett Bernard Connor|Connor, Emmett Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-L7Q] - 1913(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4CE Gindie (1936); 4OC Longreach (1956); 4OC Fernlees (1960); 4OC Brisbane (Aspley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1650, 1936, Qld; BOCP 280, 1940; 3COCP 5529, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: shearing shed hand (Gindie, Qld, 1936); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943-1949); business Manager (Cramsie, Longreach, Qld, 1954-1958); grazier (&quot;Ronnoc Downs&quot;, Fernlees, Qld, 1958-1963; Aspley, Qld, 1963-1977)

* [[/Laurance Kingsley Connor|Connor, Laurance or Laurence Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2GD-KPT] - 1907(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Belmore, 1925-1926); 2ALC Sydney (Lakemba, 1948; Cammeray, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 68, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 881, 1925; 2COCP 199, 1930; 1COCP 220, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937); radio teacher (Willoughby, NSW, 1943); communication officer (Liverpool, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Stephen James Connor|Connor, Stephen James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4J-FP4] - 1894(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 235, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1917); electrical engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1933); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1934; Strathfield, NSW, 1936-1963); retired (Lapstone, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Terence Connor|Connor, Terence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-3DV] - 1916(Tas)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 7CT Hobart (Rokeby, 1936-1939; City, 1946-1948); 7CT Huonville (1954-1960); 7CT Hobart (Bellerive, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1643, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: auto-electrician (New Town, 1943; Hobart North, 1949); manager (Huonville, 1949-1954); sales rep. (Bellerive, 1963-1977)

===''CONRAD''===

* [[/Raymond Ernest Conrad|Conrad, Raymond Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP2-VGS] - 1905(Tas)-1977(Tas) - Licences: 2TR Sydney (Bexley, 1930-1937; Rockdale, 1938-1939); 7TR Hobart (Derwent Park, 1947; Moonah, 1948-1956; Berriedale, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 651, 1930, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 308, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: battery fitter (Bexley, 1930); storeman (Bexley, 1931-1934); clerk (Bexley, 1935-1936; Rockdale, 1937); purchasing officer (Cameray, 1943); radio manufacturer (Moonah, 1949-1954); engineer (Hospital, Rosetta, 1963)

===''CONRY''===

* [[/William Henry Conry|Conry, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-HCR] - 1892(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 3OK Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1925); 3CO Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 260, 1916; 1COCP 44, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); RANRS; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD Vic) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1919; Armadale, 1921-1924); inspector (Brighton, 1925-1937); radio inspector (South Brisbane, 1943-1949); postal official (St Lucia, 1954-1958)

===''CONSTABLE''===

* [[/Hector Mantle Shaw Constable|Constable, Hector Mantle Shaw]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTS-Z5V] - 1910(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3FE Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947; Parkdale, 1948; Mont Albert, 1954; Mont Park, 1955-1956; Mont Albert, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1999, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Yarra Junction, Vic, 1931; Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1943); inspector (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954)

===''CONWAY''===

* [[/Mervyn Laurence Dean Conway|Conway, Mervyn Laurence Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MH-GHZ] - 1912(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7CL Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1960); 7CL Hobart (West Hobart, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1684, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Nelson, 1936); school teacher (Launceston East, 1937); teacher (Devonport, 1943; New Town, 1949-1958)

===''COOK''===

* [[/Ernest Byron Cook|Cook, Ernest or Ernest Byron &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M46M-M3J] - 1902(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Tresco (1926-1927); 3CK Kerang (1931); 3EC Swan Hill (1938-1939); 3EC Melbourne (Coburg, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 295, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Swan Hill, 1937-1942); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frank Leslie Cook|Cook, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-K3H] - 1914(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2FF Sydney (Dee Why, 1934-1936); 2GV Sydney (Dee Why, 1935-1936); 2AHW Sydney (Dee Why, 1938); 2ANC Sydney (Centennial Park, 1946-1947; Lidcombe, 1948; Auburn, 1950; Carlingford, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1355, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dee Why, NSW, 1934-1937); radio tester (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943); draftsman   (Lidcombe, NSW, 1949; Carlingford, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Raynham Harry Cook|Cook, Raynham Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCX-CRB] - 1902(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3OX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1932-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 951, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Victor Roy Percival Cook|Cook, Victor Roy Percival &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYJG-6C6] - 1899(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: XVN Adelaide (1913-1914); S099 Adelaide (1920s); 5AC Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1927; Rose Park, 1928-1931; Kilkenny, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Woodville, 1954-1975; Somerton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 94, 1925, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Kilkenny, 1939-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XVN-S099-5AC - Victor Roy Percival Cook&quot;

===''COOKE''===

* [[/Clarence Robert Cooke|Cooke, Clarence Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-3P6] - 1891(???)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CP Perth (Bayswater, 1932-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1068, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Mornington Mills, WA, 1914); locomotive driver (Mornington Mills, WA, 1921-1926); locomotive engine driver (Bayswater, WA, 1931-1968)

* [[/Clive J. Cooke|Cooke, Clive J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4CC Brisbane (Chermside, -1952+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld)

* [[/Frank Basil Cooke|Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7Q6-TN8] - 1892(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: XADW Sydney (1913-14); 2LI Sydney (1922-1924); 2XQ Receive Sydney (1923); 2DJ Sydney (Northbridge, 1924-1931; Mosman, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 39, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, vice-president 1923) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1930; salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1943); teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1949-1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XADW-2LI-2XQ-2DJ - Frank Basil Cooke&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Cooke|Cooke, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB8-V6L] - 1906(Eng)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Footscray, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 311, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: meter tester (Footscray, 1926-1949)

===''COOKSON''===

* [[/Arnold Cookson|Cookson, Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YD-87L] - 1889(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 201, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); no occupation (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Northbridge, 1949-1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Joseph George Cookson|Cookson, Joseph George &quot;George&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGCW-Z8N] - 1888(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 862, 1925; 2COCP 21, 1929; 1COCP 34, 1930 - RANRS (1919), AWA - Relationships: Father of Leonard Kenneth Cookson - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Crossover, Vic, 1912-1913; Bacchus Marsh, 1914-1915); mechanic (Alphington, 1917); engineer (Cooktown, 1919); radio engineer (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1935; Croydon, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

* [[/Leonard Kenneth Cookson|Cookson, Leonard Kenneth &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ8-JHV] - 1917(Vic)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - AWA - Relationships: Son of Joseph George Cookson - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Concord, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Croydon, 1943-1954; Glebe, 1958; Blacktown, 1963-1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

===''COOLING''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Cooling|Cooling, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVZL-GSC] - 1885(Qld)-1936(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Toowoomba (1924-1927) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 11, 1924, No. 3 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (Toowoomba, 1924), (Halcyon P. 4) - Comment: A tragic end to a productive life - TroveTag: &quot;4BN - Ernest Richard Cooling&quot; - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (Toowoomba, 1908); telegraphist (Bowen, 1912); postal assistant (Toowoomba, 1913-1930)

===''COOMBE''===

* [[/Geoffrey Saint Coombe|Coombe, Geoffrey Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-TXS] - 1913(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1931-1933); 2ML Broken Hill (1933); 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1937-1938; Croydon, 1947-1948; Brooklyn Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 756, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 5MR Jack Robert Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, 1941)

* [[/Jack Robert Saint Coombe|Coombe, Jack Robert Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-T3C] - 1910(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5MR Adelaide (Stirling West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2923, 1949, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5ML Geoffrey Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, SA, 1941); electrical mechanic (Mt Lofty, SA, 1943)

===''COOPER''===

* [[/Alfred Edwin Charles Cooper|Cooper, Alfred Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV9-9GK] - 1904(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2AL Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1926); 2UO Sydney (Northbridge, 1947-1950); 2AUO Sydney (Yacht Asgard, 1948-1960); 4AY Surfers Paradise (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 180, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 626, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fruit merchant (Ashfield, 1931); director (Northbridge, 1943-1958); company director (Clareville, 1963-1977)

* [[/Bertram David Cooper|Cooper, Bertram David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-HG1] - 1914(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3BC Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939, 1947-1955; Beaumaris, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2119, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: musician (Coburg, Vic, 1942-1949); soldier (Coburg, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1972); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Eric Cooper|Cooper, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1M-WC4] - 1925(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 870, 1960, Tas - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Evandale, 1949); radio technician (Evandale, 1954)

* [[/Ernest Edward Cooper|Cooper, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5F-RLJ] - 1905(Tas)-1951(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Launceston (Youngtown, 1926-1927); 7MC Launceston (City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 261, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 151, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: may be related to 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1975) Eric Cooper  - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Ulverstone, 1936; Launceston East, 1943; Launceston West, 1949) 

* [[/Frank Clarence Cooper|Cooper, Frank Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7Y-NGF] - 1915(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2ADU Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADU Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1946-1947; Potts Point, 1948-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1975); 2ADU Gold Coast (Florida Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1736, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937; Edgecliffe, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1958-1968; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972; Vaucluse, NSW, 1977); retired (Florida Gardens, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Harold More Cooper|Cooper, Harold More or Harold Moore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ58-SJP] - 1886(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923-1925); 5HG Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 257, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; submarine cable telegraphist; archaeologist; historian - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cooper-harold-more-9821 ADB]

* [[/Harry Frederick Cooper|Cooper, Harry Frederick or Frederic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNKH-CX4] - 1906(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5PC Port Augusta (1947-1954); 5PC Adelaide (Lockleys, 1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2249, 1939, SA; BOCO 544, 1943; COCP1 781, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ascot Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Neve Cooper|Cooper, Herbert Neve]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-Q46] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3QZ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1692, 1936, Vic; BOCP 137, 1937; 1COCP 1237, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (St Leonards, Tas, 1949); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1977)

* [[/James Herbert Cooper|Cooper, James Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVTJ-14B] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ZG Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1930-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 701, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1936-1943); broker (Mosman, NSW, 1949); stock and sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1968); sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1972); broker (St Ives, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ormond Erskine Cooper|Cooper, Ormond Erskine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDM-6JK] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2CP Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1112, 1933, NSW; COCP2 434, 1933; COCP1 337, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1935); radio worker (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1943-1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Raymond Arthur Cooper|Cooper, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDK-8RK] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6AO Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2350, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937); projectionist (Manning, WA, 1958-1980)

===''CORBIN''===

* [[/James Bentley Corbin|Corbin, James Bentley &quot;Boyce&quot; &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTJ-293] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (McMahons Point, 1932-1939; Eastlakes, 1946-1961); 2AYC Miranda (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 976, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Milsons Point, NSW, 1933-1937; Botany, NSW, 1943-1949; Mascot, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CORDINGLEY''===

* [[/Charles Harold Cordingley|Cordingley, Charles Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJK-SB4] - 1892(Eng)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ararat, 1913); electrical engineer (Flemington, 1915-1919); engineer (Ascot Vale, 1921-1954)

===''CORE''===

* [[/Herbert James Core|Core, Herbert James &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PF-R2Q] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4HC Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2012, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 392, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; formerly Sydney - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1929); assistant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949; Camp Hill, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''CORKILL''===

* [[/Arthur Basil Corkill|Corkill, Arthur Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYW3-57P] - 1898(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJCU Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Elsternwick, Vic, 1928; St Kilda, Vic, 1931; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1949; Kilsyth, Vic, 1954)

===''CORNELIUS''===

* [[/Eric Edward Cornelius|Cornelius, Eric Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7P-2MD] - 1916(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6EC Albany (1936-1939); 6EC Kalgoorlie (1947-1948); 6EC Wagin (1954-1955); 6EC Perth (Inglewood, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1635, 1936, WA; TVOCP 200, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Station 6WA, Wagin, 1949-1954; Inglewood, WA, 1958-1977)

===''CORNEY''===

* [[/Kenneth Cameron Corney|Corney, Kenneth Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-2MB] - 1899(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: V755 Receive Bairnsdale (1922); 3GY Receive Bairnsdale (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gogeldrie, NSW, 1949); grazier (Metung, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CORTHORN''===

* [[/Rex Sidney Oscar Corthorn|Corthorn, Rex Sidney Oscar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G28S-LLQ] - 1914(NSW)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 2VG Sydney (Greenwich, 1932-1939; Bexley, 1946; Northmead,1947-1960); 3VG Melbourne (Bulleen, 1965-2969); 3VG Mallacoota (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 985, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1943; Northmead, NSW, 1949-1958); retired (Mallacoota, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CORTIS-JONES''===

* [[/Beverley Cortis-Jones|Cortis-Jones, Beverley or Beverly &quot;Bev&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-KZ9] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NN Sydney (Roseville, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1586, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943); retired (Booragoon, WA, 1980)

===''COSH''===

* [[/Rhys Gilmour Cosh|Cosh, Rhys Gilmour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6J-4W8] - 1900(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 697, 1922 (Marconi) - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Croydon, SA, 1939-1943)

===''COSTA''===

* [[/Phillip James Costa|Costa, Phillip James &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGF-S1W] - 1914(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (shortwave) - QSLs: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Geelong, Vic, 1937-1968; Nerang, Qld, 1969; Florida Gardens, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''COSTELLO''===

* [[/Allan Daniel Costello|Costello, Allan Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4S-21X] - 1913(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YT Ballarat (1937-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1912, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mount Pleasant, Vic, 1934-1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1972); accountant (Mt Clear, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COSTELOW''===

* [[/Robert Costelow|Costelow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: despite the unusual location, individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COTTERILL''===

* [[/Harold Stanley Cotterill|Cotterill, Harold Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5D-84Y] - 1916(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1493, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1943) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, NSW, 1937); depot superintendant (Gunnedah, NSW, 1943)? - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10314147 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624339 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''COTTON''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNH3-P9L] - 1897(SA)-1973(SA) - Licences: XVS Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5HY Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1926-1928; Colonel Light Gardens, 1931; Kilburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 270, 1926, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA SA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Semaphore, 1939); clerk (Findon, 1943)

* [[/Arthur Tylney Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Tylney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7G8-SGG] - 1884(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive Spring Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kelvedon, 1914-1963)

* [[/Leith Simpson Cotton|Cotton, Leith Simpson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR2-12K] - 1905(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5LG Adelaide (Burnside, 1932-1933); 5LG Iron Knob (1937-1939); 5LG Adelaide (Clarence Gardens, 1946-1948; Parkholme, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1023, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Iron Knob, 1939-1941)

===''COTTRELL''===

* [[/Joseph William Morgan Cottrell|Cottrell, Joseph William Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-L1Y] - 1897(NSW)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 2ZF Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1923); 2ZN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1925; Coogee, 1926-1930; Maroubra Junction, 1931; Dundas, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Carlingford, 1948-1950); 2ADX Sydney (Dundas/Portable, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 367, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 1, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coogee, 1930); broadcaster (Dundas, 1933-1934); radio operator (Dundas, 1936-1943); technician (Carlingford, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZF-2ZN-2ADX - Joseph William Morgan Cottrell&quot;

===''COUCH''===

* [[/David Couch|Couch, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8H-BDV] - 1917(Vic)-2009(WA)92yo - Licences: 6WT Watermans Bay (1934, 1947); 6WT Perth (Wembley, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2513, 1934, WA; BOCP 577, 1944; TVOCP 47, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Watermans Bay, WA, 1949); technician (Wembley, WA, 1954-1980)

===''COUCHMAN''===

* [[/Clifford Clyde McGregor Couchman|Couchman, Clifford Clyde McGregor &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQLS-T4D] - 1907(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4KZ Kaimkillenbun (1930-1939); 4KZ Dalby (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 151, 1930; COCP 1st Class Marconi School (Halcyon) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Navy, wireless officer); broadcast technician (PMGD, 4QS); business proprietor (electrical &amp; radio, Dalby) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kaimkillenbun, 1930-1937); engineer (Dalby, 1943-1963); electrical engineer (Dalby, 1968)

===''COUGHLAN''===

* [[/Charles McKenzie Coughlan|Coughlan, Charles McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-9BN] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XCO Sydney (Concord, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenters; WW1 (AIF, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COULTER''===

* [[/Jack Maxwell Coulter|Coulter, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-MXK] - 1912(SA)-1985(???) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1937); 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939); 5JD Adelaide (Ashford, 1947-1948; Ackland Gardens, 1954-1960); 5JK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1712, 1936, SA; 2COCP 812, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); RAN (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943)

===''COUPER''===

* [[/Andrew Couper|Couper, Andrew &quot;Andy&quot; Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6R8-R1T] - 1893(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: XQM Mareeba (1914); 4BW Mareeba (1923-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 71, 1925, No. 5 in Qld - early wireless experimenter (1914 &amp; likely earlier unlicensed); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: iron moulder (Mareeba, 1913-1932); engineer (Mareeba, 1936-1958)

* [[/William Fraser Couper|Couper, William Fraser &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MP-S1G] - 1919(NZ)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Adelaide (Evandale, 1947; Royston Park, 1948); 5UZ Adelaide (Royston Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2250, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COURT''===

* [[/Charles Percy Court|Court, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-Q5T] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4CT Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bayswater, Qld, 1925-1936; Kedron, Qld, 1937-1958)

* [[/Thomas Palmer Court|Court, Thomas Palmer Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNF4-FD4] - 1895(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XNY Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3BO Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3TC Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 211, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic, secretary, 1919-1920+); employment (radio salesman, 1928; STC, chief design engineer, 1954); IRE Aust (president, 1950-1951) - Comment: Father also named TPC - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1925-1928); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1954; Mosman West, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''COUSENS''===

* [[/Harold Light Reynolds Cousens|Cousens, Harold Light Reynolds]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG9-3SK] - 1888(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N743 Receive Summer Hill (1922); 2HW Receive Summer Hill (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Tamworth, 1930-1963)

===''COUTTS''===

* [[/David Cecil Boyd Coutts|Coutts, David Cecil Boyd &quot;Boyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGY-1CL] - 1896(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJEC Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Camberwell, Vic, 1919-1924); teacher (Malvern East, Vic, 1925-1926; Malvern, Vic, 1928-1937; Mt Dandenong, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/Edwin Stuart Coutts|Coutts, Edwin Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-698] - 1893(Qld)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4BZ Receive Dalby (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Dalby, 1919-1937); garage proprietor (Dalby, 1943)

* [[/Mavis Ellen Coutts|Stafford nee Coutts, Mavis Ellen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSGT-MJH] - 1921(Vic)-2016(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2338, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 3XB Ivor Stafford - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Minyip, Vic, 1942); home duties (Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''COWAN''===

* [[/Christian Nesbit Cowan|Cowan, Christian Nesbit]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-6QW] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2PZ Aberdare (1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 613, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 486, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Aberdare, 1930-1963; Cessnock, 1968-1980)

* [[/James George Cowan|Cowan, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-RC3] - 1908(Sct)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ZC Adamstown (1934-1937); 2ZC Waratah (1938-1939, 1946-1975); 2ZC Merewether (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1294, 1934, NSW; AOLCP 272, 1936; COCP1 838, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waratah, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Adamstown, NSW, 1934-1937); nil (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1968); broadcast technician (Merewether, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''COWELL''===

* [[/George Cowell|Cowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKT-3GM] - 1897(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2SO Merewether (1932-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1057, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''COX''===

* [[/Allan Grafton Cox|Cox, Allan (birth) or Allen (census) Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWX-5XH] - 1892(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 120, 1915; 2COCP 103, 1930; 1COCP 347, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rockhampton, 1914; Pinkenba, 1916-1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1921-1922; South Yarra, 1926-1927); O.I.C. (Cooktown, 1925; Thursday Island, 1930); radio officer (Clayfield, 1934); O.I.C. (Townsville, 1936-1937); engineer (Rockbank, 1942); wireless officer (Kangaroo Point, 1943; Hendra, Qld, 1949-1958); radio officer (Hendra, 1963-1977)

* [[/Erle Harold Cox|Cox, Erle Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8Z-RG2] - 1903(Tas)-1989(ACT) - Licences: 3BD Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922); 3BD Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1933); 2EP Canberra (Forrest, 1934-1935); 2GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1946-1955); 1GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1956-1965; Mawson, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 245, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist, president Press Gallery, Parliament House 1953 - Awards: O.B.E. for contribution to journalism in Australia 1953 - Relationships: son of Erle Cox, science fiction author [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-erle-5799] - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Caulfield, 1931; Gardiner, 1936; Forrest, 1937; Red Hill, 1943-1968; Mawson, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;3BD-2EP-2GU-1GU - Erle Harold Cox&quot;

* [[/Harold Edward Cox|Cox, Harold Edward or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GQ-2RT] - 1892(Eng)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 6HE Geraldton (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 17, 1914; 1COCP 35, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, WA, 1916-1917; Geraldton, WA, 1922-1930); broadcast manager (Townsville, Qld, 1931-1937); manager (4WK, Warwick, Qld, 1943); representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); wireless representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/Phillip Deslandes Cox|Cox, Phillip Deslandes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G388-KRC] - 1909(NSW)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2IE Wallerawang (1935-1939); 2IE Sydney (Concord, 1946); 2IE Bathurst (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1551, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lithgow, NSW, 1933); clerk (Lidsdale, NSW, 1935-1937); fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1968); storekeeper (Nambour, Qld, 1969);  proprietor (Tanawha, Qld, 1972); retired (Caboolture, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''COXON''===

* [[/Robert Wooton Coxon|Coxon, Robert Wooton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-HVL] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6RW Northam (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 30, 1924, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer, NT Gov (Director of Mines, 1947); WW2 - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6AG Wally Coxon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cheltenham, SA, 1943); civil servant (Alice Springs, 1949-1954)

* [[/Walter Ernest Stanley Coxon|Coxon, Walter Ernest Stanley &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY8-JBS] - 1891(NSW)-1968(WA) - Licences: XYK Perth (Maylands, 1913); 6AG Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1925-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939; Bayswater, 1946-1947; Darlington, 1948-1960; Claremont, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 124, 1925, No. ?? in WA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (6WF) - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6RW Robert Wooton Coxon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Maylands, 1914); engineer (Maylands, 1925-1937); radio engineer (East Perth, 1943; Darlington, 1949-1958); retired (Claremont, 1963-1968) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199311.pdf EA0] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199404.pdf] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199405.pdf EA2]

===''COZINS''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Cozins|Cozins, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF78-6FW] - 1908(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1931-1933); 6AD Perth (Canning Bridge, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 742, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Corrogin, WA, 1936); marine collector (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); cook (West Perth, WA, 1949); storekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949-1954); clerical assistant (South Perth, WA, 1958); clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Kewdale, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CRAIG''===

* [[/Keith William Craig|Craig, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNB-7FD] - 1921(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AJV Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939); 2EP Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2102, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Stockton, 1943); fitter (Lambton, 1949; New Lambton, 1958-1980)

* [[/Walter Archibald Craig|Craig, Walter Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7X4] - 1907(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2XI Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2XI Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 220, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, 1930-1954)

===''CRAMOND''===

* [[/Warne Hutton Cramond|Cramond, Warne Hutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XQB-N2G] - 1898(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2KJ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 397, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, 1930-1949)

===''CRAN''===

* [[/Morris Rae Cran|Cran, Morris Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-B1J] - 1901(Qld)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 4KX Brisbane (West End, 1930-1939); 2MR Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947; Randwick, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 570, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, 1925-1937); accountant (Bondi, 1943); company secretary (Ranswick, 1954; Coogee, 1958)

===''CRANCH''===

* [[/Layman William Victor Cranch|Cranch, Layman William Victor &quot;Lay&quot;]] - 1910(Qld)-1993(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, radio engineer, journalist (editor, Australian Radio and Electronics, 1951), business (manager, Kingsley)

===''CRAW''===

* [[/Russell Bruce Cameron Craw|Craw, Russell Bruce Cameron &quot;Bruce&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF2Q-54Y] - 1901(Tas)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 7BC Burnie (1930-1933); 3BC Melbourne (1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 671, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Burnie, 1922; North Melbourne, 1924; Burnie, 1928); sales (Middle Park, Vic, 1935)

===''CRAWFORD''===

* [[/Cedric Thomas Crawford|Crawford, Cedric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-42L] - 1905(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (Burwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Burwood, 1930-1933); engineer (Captain's Flat, 1937-1943); mechanical engineer (Broken Hill South, 1954-1963); engineer (St Ives, 1968-1972)

* [[/John Murray Crawford|Crawford, John Murray]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief engineer PMGD, involved establishment of first ABC stations), don't confuse with William Tamillas Stephen Crawford

* [[/William Tamillas Stephen Crawford|Crawford, William Tamillas Stephen &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;W.T.S.C.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G738-35N] - 1880(Vic)-1962(NSW) - state public servant (P&amp;TD, Tas); senior federal public servant (PMGD, radio inspector); RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: don't confuse with John Murray Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;William Tamillas Stephen Crawford&quot;

===''CREAMER''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Creamer|Creamer, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XK-965] - 1903(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2UR Sydney (Glebe Point, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Orange, 1930-1932); electrical engineer (Brewarrina, 1933; Henty, 1934-1935; Grose Vale, 1937; Richmond, 1943-1968)

===''CREDLIN''===

* [[/Peter John Credlin|Credlin, Peter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-SH8] - 1938(Vic)-1984(NSW) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, 1954); engineer (Malvern, 1963; Lower Templestowe, 1967-1980)

===''CRERAR''===

* [[/Thomas Alexander Crerar|Crerar, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNXR-QCG] - 1874(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XJDV Hexham (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: agent (Horsham, Vic, 1903-1906); land &amp; finance agent (South Melbourne, Vic, 1906); stock &amp; station agent (Prahran, Vic, 1912-1913; Hexham, Vic, 1914-1922); farmer (Armadale, Vic, 1924; Steel's Creek, Vic, 1925-1931; St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Armadale, Vic, 1963)

===''CRESSWELL''===

* [[/Frank Gillespie Cresswell|Cresswell, Frank Gillespie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR45-Q56] - 1880(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GI Melbourne (East Kew, 1924-1925; Camberwell, 1926-1927); Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - federal public service (PMGD); military (Commonwealth Naval Militia, engineer sublieutenant); RANRS (Radio Commander, terminated Nov 1920) - not to be confused with William Rooke '''Creswell''' - Electoral Rolls: instrument fitter (Camberwell, 1903-1906); Engineer-Lieutenant RAN (Prahran, 1912); naval officer (St Kilda, 1914); lieutenant RAN (Hawthorn, 1915-1919); RAN (Kew, 1922-1924); commandant RAN (Frankston, 1928-1934); naval officer (Olivers Hill, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1943); retired (Somers, 1949; Mt Eliza, 1954; Frankston, 1963)

* [[/Harry Leslie Cresswell|Cresswell, Harry Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9456-49G] - 1917(Qld)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 4DL Brisbane (Coorparoo, Qld, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified, likely RAN - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Petty Officer Telegraphist, KIA, HMAS Yarra) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10293831 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1690529 Roll of Honour]

===''CRESWELL''===

* [[/William Rooke Creswell|Creswell, William Rooke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4L-WRS] - 1852(Gibraltar)-1933(Vic) - early wireless experimenter (Lytton, Moreton Island), military (RAN; Qld Maritime Defence Force, commandant; Commonwealth Naval Forces, commandant) - Generally considered the father of the RAN, not to be confused with Frank Gillespie '''Cresswell''' - Electoral Rolls: naval commandant (South Brisbane, 1903-1905); director (Toorak, 1909-1919) - Links: [[w:William Rooke Creswell|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/creswell-sir-william-rooke-5817 ADB] [https://www.navy.gov.au/biography/vice-admiral-sir-william-rooke-creswell RAN]

===''CRIBB''===

* [[/Dunmore Foote Cribb|Cribb, Dunmore Foote]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPP-YQH] - 1899(Qld)-1946(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 134, 1925, No. 15 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Indooroopilly, 1921-1943)

===''CRICHTON''===

* [[/Ernest George Crichton|Crichton, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CP-VCC] - 1887(NSW)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XADY Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley Robert Crichton|Crichton, Stanley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK76-MZH] - 1893(NZ)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KH East Maitland (1929-1935); 9OU Port Moresby (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 542, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 100, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (East Maitland, 1930-1935); wireless operator (Maclean, 1936); Radio 2NR (Lawrence, 1937); wireless operator (Ashfield, 1949); PMG technician (Ashfield, 1954-1963)

===''CRIDGE''===

* Cridge, Wilfred Edgar Launder - See Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge

===''CRISP''===

* [[/Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp|Crisp, Arthur Joseph Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VW-QKN] - 1906(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2MJ Sydney (Hurstville, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1939; St Peters, 1946; Marrickville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948; Cronulla, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Bankstown East, 1956; Bexley, 1957; Kurnell, 1958; Hurstville South, 1960; Gymea Bay, 1961; Umina, 1965; Tuggerawong, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1290, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2LX Henry Charles Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930); carter (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); labourer (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1943); fitter (Belmore, NSW, 1949; Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Sutherland, NSW, 1954; Bexley, NSW, 1958); retired (Umina, NSW, 1963; Tuggerawong, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Charles Crisp|Crisp, Henry Charles &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-5T2] - 1909(NSW)-1996(???) - Licences: 2LX Sydney (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933; Cronulla, 1934-1939, 1946); 2LX Ettalong (1947-1955); 2LX Woy Woy (1956-1961); 2LX Urunga (1965); 2LX Sydney (Cronulla, 1969; Gorokan, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 614, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2MJ Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Cronulla, 1934-1937); examiner (Bondi, 1943); no occupation (Ettalong, 1949); radio dealer (Ettalong, 1954-1963); motel proprietor (Urunga, 1968); manager (Sans Souci, 1972); retired (Cronulla, 1972; Gorokan, 1977-1980)

===''CROCKER''===

* [[/Claude Edward Crocker|Crocker, Claude Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8R6-RZW] - 1875(USA)-1929(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West Perth, 1922-1925)

* [[/Edward Baker Crocker|Crocker, Edward Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYHX-65B] - 1867(Wales)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2BB Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2BB Sydney (Marrickville, 1922-1930) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 95, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (1923) - Electoral Rolls: provision merchant (Marrickville, 1933-1937); retired (Marrickville, 1943-1949); no occupation (Earlwood, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2BB - Edward Baker Crocker&quot;

* [[/Philip Humphreys Crocker|Crocker, Philip Humphreys]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-K4T] - 1918(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939, 1946-1975; Kirribilli, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2409, 1939, NSW; COCP3 1208, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CROKE''===

* [[/Terence Leo Croke|Croke, Terence Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-742] - 1919(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Lithgow (1935-1938); 2TK Bathurst (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1470, 1935, NSW; COCP1 112, 1936; TVOCP 364, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1963); technical officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1977); retired (Mosman, NSW, 1980)

===''CROMBIE''===

* [[/John Melville Lewes Crombie|Crombie, John Melville Lewes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNX2-PJP] - 1898(NZ)-1935(Vic) - Licences: XOT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3EG Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Comment: migrated from NZ 1913?; passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1934)

===''CROME''===

* [[/Harry Keith Crome|Crome, Harry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTL-HF9] - 1908(Tas)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (New Town, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Hobart North, 1936-1954); linotype operator Melbourne (Alphington, 1963-1972)

===''CROMIE''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Cromie|Cromie, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z4-73H] - 1883(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager (Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 3UZ) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Maffra, 1903; Korumburra, 1905; East Melbourne, 1909; Maffra, 1912); engineer (East Melbourne, 1914); electrical engineer (Malvern, 1915-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, 1919; Caulfield, 1924-1927); electrical engineer (Melbourne East, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); engineer (Caulfield, 1934); director (Armadale, 1936-1949)

===''CROMPTON''===

* [[/Milton James Crompton|Crompton, Milton James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKF8-V2J] - 1919(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MN Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2360, 1939, Vic; BOCP 682, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949-1954; Brighton East, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CROOK''===

* [[/Percy Crook|Crook, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SV-2W8] - 1889(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XBD Coffs Harbour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1913); carpenter (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CROOKS''===

* [[/James Alexander Leonard Crooks|Crooks, James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK93-6HV] - 1890(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923-1925); 7BQ Launceston (1925-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 61, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (PMG) - Relationships: Father of 3AAC John Peter Crooks - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914; Launceston, 1919-1968); no occupation (Low Head, 1972)

* [[/John Peter Crooks|Crooks, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-Z2J] - 1921(Tas)-2013(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3AAC Colac (1960); 3AAC Bulleen (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2107, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BQ James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot; Crooks - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, 1949); engineer (East Geelong, 1954; Bulleen, 1963-1977)

===''CROPLEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cropley|Cropley, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-YVK] - 1893(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: N735 Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922); 2HT Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of Mervyn Eric Cropley - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Homebush, 1930-1933) 

* [[/Mervyn Eric Cropley|Cropley, Mervyn Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLG-MYS] - 1920(NSW)-1951(Aus) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 403, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 2HT Eric William Cropley - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Homebush, 1943); salesman (Blaxland, 1949)

===''CROSS''===

* [[/Francis James Cross|Cross, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVMN-ZWY] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2FX Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1933; CBD, 1933-1934); 2FX Sydney (Rockdale, 1935; Mascot, 1936-1939; Eastlakes, 1946); 2FX Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 914, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 429, 1933; COCP1 500, 1941; TVOCP 30, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); fitter (Hamilton, NSW, 1933); police trainee (Redfern, NSW, 1935); constable (Mascot, NSW, 1936-1943); shopkeeper (Lambton, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CROUCH''===

* [[/Cecil Stanley Crouch|Crouch, Cecil Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-ZL1] - 1889(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: XCC Sydney (Randwick, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor salesman (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1954); motor trader (North Sydney, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/Ernest Casimir Crouch|Crouch, Ernest Casimir &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-9JQ] - 1908(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2QJ Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1923); 2EC Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1939); 2EC Orange (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 16, 1924, No. 6 in NSW; COCP1 201, 1931; TVOCP 123, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; Mosman Radio Laboratories 1927 (proprietor?) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Orange, NSW, 1943-1968); TV engineer (Orange, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CROW''===

* [[/Reginald Keith Crow|Crow, Reginald Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPT-W7V] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 898, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); inspector (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1937-1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carnegie, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''CROWDER''===

* Crowder, Joyce Isabel see Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel

===''CROWLEY''===

* [[/Cornelius Crowley|Crowley, Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC44-R9T] - 1896(Qld)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Parkes (1934-1936); 2AED Broken Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1300, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930; Narrabri, NSW, 1931-1932); public supply engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1936); town clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''CROWTHER''===

* [[/Clifford Haigh Crowther|Crowther, Clifford Haigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3F-6SQ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJDQ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); pharmacist (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925; Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954); pharmacist (Brighton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Robert Calder Crowther|Crowther, Robert Calder &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M49C-V7C] - 1919(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2130, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Concord West, NSW, 1943); bank officer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); banker (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); grazier (Hoddles Creek, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CUFFE''===

* [[/Ian Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Ian Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-LXC] - 1913(NZ)-2015(Eng) - Licences: 2XC Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 987, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2AMA-2AM Lionel Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1943);

* [[/Lionel Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Lionel Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-2Z2] - 1910(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2AMA Sydney (Mosman, 1939) 2AM Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1955; St Ives, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2266, 1939, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: brother of 2XC Ian Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1934-1943); salesman (Tamaterau, NZ, 1972)

===''CULLERTON''===

* [[/Hugh Cullerton|Cullerton, Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKM-RHG] - 1910(Sct)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIY Sydney (Ramsgate, 1937-1938; Sans Souci, 1939); 2ZG Sydney (Sans Souci, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2007, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Carlton, NSW, 1934-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1936-1937; Sans Souci, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''CULLINAN''===

* [[/Christopher Albert Cullinan|Cullinan, Christopher Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF8-PWL] - 1906(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Receive Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1923); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924); 3DR Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924-1925); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1927-1931; Brunswick East, 1933); 7XW Launceston (1954-1955); 3AXU Colac (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 821, 1924 (Spark); AOLCP 143, 1934; COCP1 545, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Diggers Rest, Vic, 1928-1931; Mitchell, Vic, 1934); engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1936); journalist (Kew, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1943-1954; Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Colac, Vic, 1977)

===''CULLIVER''===

* [[/Francis Norman Seth Culliver|Culliver, Francis Norman Seth &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-SWD] - 1891(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3DP Receive Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1922); 3DP Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923-1925; Hawthorn, 1925-1927); 3UG Melbourne (Rye, 1948-1956); 3UG Queenscliff (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of Keith Norman Culliver &amp; Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1931-1954)

* [[/Ian Douglas Culliver|Culliver, Ian Douglas &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-WDM] - 1916?(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 655, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Keith Norman Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

* [[/Keith Norman Culliver|Culliver, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-753] - 1914(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 656, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

===''CUMMING''===

* [[/Maxwell Charles Cumming|Cumming, Maxwell Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-89K] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939; East Malvern, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1913, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963); exporter (Chadstone, Vic, 1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Humberstone Cumming|Cumming, William Humberstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLF-9FS] - 1903(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3BK Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Notting Hill, 1931); engineer (Cheltenham, 1931); contractor (Malvern, 1936-1949); engineer (Malvern, 1954)

===''CUMMINGS''===

* [[/Bruce Cummings|Cummings, Bruce]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1928, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''CUMMINS''===

* [[/Reginald Vincent Cummins|Cummins, Reginald Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-FLN] - 1911(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4VC Brisbane (Newmarket, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1939, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (East Ipswich, Qld, 1934-1937); public servant (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''CUMPSTON''===

* [[/Lennard Wesley Cumpston|Cumpston, Lennard Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVN-RV2] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 2AJZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1938); 3ZE Melbourne (St Kilda, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2028, 1937, NSW; BOCP 71, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); A. R. A. (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); army (Queenscliff, Vic, 1954); A.R.A. (Downer, ACT, 1963-1968); assurance representative (Miami Keys, Qld, 1972; Rio Vista, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CUNLIFFE''===

* [[/James August Cunliffe|Cunliffe, James August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KX-DQW] - 1904(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZO Melbourne (Croxton, 1930-1931; Preston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947); 3AZO Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1954; East Preston, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 597, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinet maker (Preston, 1927); electrician (Preston East, 1931-1942); cabinet maker (Preston East, 1949); carpenter (Preston East, 1963-1980)

===''CUNNINGHAM''===

* [[/Alan Francis Cunningham|Cunningham, Alan Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWB-Z74] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Altona, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2429, 1940, Vic; 2COCP 1265, 1953 - amateur operator; WW2; HMAN dockyard; DCA, New Guinea - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newport, Vic, 1934-1942); radio mechanic (Altona, Vic, 1949); PNG, 1950s?; technician (Redcliffe, Qld, 1963); fisherman (Second Beach, Cairns, Qld, 1968); technician (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1972); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Cunningham-12254 Wikitree]

* [[/Robert Hugh Cunningham|Cunningham, Robert Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-Z7M] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3ML Melbourne (Malvern, 1928-1937; Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Frankston, 1946-1947; Malvern, 1948-1980+); 3AMM Portable Melbourne (Malvern, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 463, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics retailer (R. H. Cunningham) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Malvern, Vic, 1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1936-1937); RAAF (Frankston, Vic, 1949); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980) - Links: [https://www.afr.com/companies/back-on-a-sound-footing-19890505-kakg2 AFR]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1508824 Bulletin]

===''CUREDALE''===

* [[/Albert John Curedale|Curedale, Albert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-S41] - 1914(Aus)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6AE Perth (City, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1385, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: presser (North Perth, WA, 1943-1949; West Perth, WA, 1954; Leederville, WA, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert Gordon Curedale|Curedale, Robert Gordon]] - 1906(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 837, 1924; 2COCP 369, 1931; 1COCP 141, 1937 -  - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1931); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (Croydon, NSW, 1943); farming (Watheroo, WA, 1949); geophysicist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968); retired (North Beach, WA, 1972; Maylands, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CURETON''===

* [[/John Poyner Cureton|Cureton, John Poyner &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L29Y-H1R] - 1905(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2AY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2AY Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1930); 2AU Sydney (Burwood, 1930-1933; Gordon, 1933-1934; Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2AU Little Hartley (1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 168, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AY callsign withdrawn by PMGD in 1930 and reallocated to new commercial 2AY Albury - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Burwood, 1930; Parkes, 1936); engineer (Burwood, 1943); grazier (Little Hartley, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2AY-2AU - John Poyner Cureton&quot;

===''CURLE''===

* [[/George Clarence Curle|Curle, George Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ25-DZZ] - 1914(NSW)-1941(Egypt) - Licences: 2AJB Sydney (Chullora, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1813, 1937, NSW; BOCP 310, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10305436 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624976 VWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=65995 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''CURLEWIS''===

* [[/Nigel Unwin Curlewis|Curlewis, Nigel Unwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMW-PM6] - 1912(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AHC Sydney (Killara, 1937-1939; Newport, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1964, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1935); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1937); company proprietor (Pymble, NSW, 1943); salesman (Narrabeen, NSW, 1949); advertising executive (Mosman, NSW, 1954); advertising director (Lindfield, NSW, 1958); advertising executive (Chatswood, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CURNOCK''===

* [[/Louis George John Curnock|Curnock, Louis George John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP72-HW8] - 1903(Canada)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Matraville, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 749, 1922 (Marconi); COCP2 84, 1930; COCP1 26, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Long Bay, NSW, 1930; Myilly Point, Darwin, 1934-1937);

===''CURNOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Ross Curnow|Curnow, Geoffrey Ross &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-2KN] - 1935(???)-2015(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (wireless &amp; broadcasting), &quot;The history of the development of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia to 1942, with especial reference to the Australian Broadcasting Commission : a political and administrative study&quot; - Relationships: Son-in-law of 2ST-2FW - Francis Prosser Woolacott - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Seaforth, NSW, 1963); lecturer (Dural, NSW, 1980)

===''CURRIE''===

* [[/Francis Benjamin John Currie|Currie, Francis Benjamin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8JP] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: None yet found - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 395, 1928, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: checker (Albert Park, Vic, 1936); storeman (Semaphore, 1939; Queensbury, 1941)

* [[/James Lawrence Currie|Currie, James Lawrence &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-9GW] - 1905(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Bundaberg (1936-1937); 4LC Proserpine (1938-1939); 4LC St George (1946-1956); 4LC Brisbane (Dutton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1631, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; power station engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, Qld, 1929; Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Blackhall, Qld, 1943; St George, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Caboolture, Qld, 1958)

===''CURTIS''===

* [[/H. Curtis|Curtis, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACZ Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Curtis|Curtis, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AI Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CUSACK''===

* [[/Leo Chanel Cusack|Cusack, Leo Chanel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YN-49P] - 1897(NSW)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Port Moresby (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 229, 1916; 1COCP 319, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maroubra, 1930); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1931-1936; Maroubra, 1943); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1949); radio operator (Darwin, 1949-1954); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1958-1963); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Sidney Claude Cusack|Cusack, Sidney or Sydney Claude or Claud]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW42-D16] - 1885(Eng)-1973(Canada) - Licences: 5CK Adelaide (Dulwich, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 5, 1914 (No. 5 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system) - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1916)

===''CUSHEN''===

* [[/Arthur Thomas Cushen|Cushen, Arthur Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQL-FP3] - 1920(NZ)-1997(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1930s to 1990s; DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club, DX Australia) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen/ Autobiography]; [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tributes]

===''CUSICK''===

* [[/John Albert Cusick|Cusick, John Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPF-J23] - 1916(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948; Sunshine, 1954-1955; Heathmont, 1956-1965; Vermont, 1969; Mooroolbark, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2137, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1947; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 
labourer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1937); driver (Richmond, Vic, 1942); mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); soldier (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1954); examiner (Heathmont, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''CUSITER''===

* [[/Robert William Macgregor Cusiter|Cusiter, Robert William Macgregor &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6H8-73C] - 1908(NSW)-1970(???) - Licences: 2RW Sydney (Lewisham, 1925-1926; Turramurra, 1927-1929; Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1931-1939, 1946-1955; Hornsby, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 203, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1930-1949; Hornsby, 1958-1968) - Comment: AWA, PMGD, WW2 (worked on defence electronics)

===''CUTHBERT''===

* [[/Henry Cuthbert|Cuthbert, Henry]] - 1829(Irl)-1907(Vic) - Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1877-Jul 1878; Mar 1880-Aug 1880)

===''CUTTS''===

* [[/Gregory Maxwell Cutts|Cutts, Gregory Maxwell &quot;Maxwell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBR-22Q] - 1903(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2GM Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 17, 1924, No. 7 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor (2ML, Mosman Radio Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, 1930-1937; Abbotsford, 1949); sales manager (North Ryde, 1954-1963); manager (Cheltenham, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2GM - Gregory Maxwell Cutts&quot;

=='''D'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''DAHL''===

* [[/Norman Luja Dahl|Dahl, Norman Luja]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L433-MY6] - 1888(NZ)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Wahroonga, 1933-1937); 4ND Ayr (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1079, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 249, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: consulting engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1935); teacher (Wahroonga, NSW, 1937); company director (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Oscar Sydney Dahl|Dahl, Oscar Sydney &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLWV-S5D] - 1904(NZ)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4KA Ayr (1933-1935); 7KA Hobart (1947); 4KA Ayr (1948); 9KA Lae (1969); 4VT Innisfail (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1151, 1933, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; surveyor - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Arapuni, NZ,  1928-1931); tramline engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1931-1936); engineer (Gordonvale, Qld, 1937); civil engineer (Fitzgerald, Tas, 1943; Ayr, Qld, 1949-1958); surveyor (Innisfail, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''DALBY''===

* [[/John Dalby|Dalby, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BI Adelaide (SA School of Mines, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Directories: lecturer (School of Mines, Adelaide, 1922-1934) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DALE''===

* [[/Basil Dale|Dale, Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DR-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-2017(NSW)102yo - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939; Penshurst, 1946-1947); 2AW Sydney (Mangerton, 1969; Vaucluse, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1400, 1934, NSW; COCP1 607, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Kogarah, NSW, 1943); accountant (Wollongong, NSW, 1963-1972); university lecturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Reginald Dale|Dale, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X8-Z22] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1948; Croydon, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 10, 1936; COCP2 93, 1937; TVOCP 370, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943); electrical technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1968); electronics (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972-1977); electrician (Panania, NSW, 1980); retired (Forster, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alfred Doubledee Dale|Dale, Thomas Alfred Doubledee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FG-BWL] - 1907(Tas)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3TD Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1931; Cheltenham, 1933); 4TD Rockhampton (1947-1948); 4TD Cooktown (1954-1956); 4TD Brisbane (Eight Mile Plains, 1960); 4TD Cairns (1965); 4TD Charleville, 1969-1975); 4TD Gold Coast (Labrador, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1140, 1929; COCP2 255, 1930; COCP1 293, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); air radio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949); senior communications officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1954); public servant (Annerley, Qld, 1958; Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1963); radio officer (Charleville, Qld, 1968-1972); retired (Jacobs Well, Qld, 1977; Labrador, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Clifford Dale|Dale, Thomas Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-3KS] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2QO Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1937; Balmoral, 1938; Kingsford, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1934); operator (Petersham, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Chatswood, NSW, 1954-1963; Millwood, NSW, 1968; Chatswood, NSW, 1972)

===''DALTON''===

* [[/Robert Martin Dalton|Dalton, Robert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-SH3] - 1897(Vic)-1949(Vic) - Licences: XLB Melbourne (Auburn, 1913); 3UI Mildura (1923-1925); 3UI Melbourne (Balaclava, 1925-1926; Caulfield, 1927; Camberwell, 1931-1933); 3UN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 158, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Mildura, 1919-1924); radio engineer (Hawthorn, 1926-1927); clerk (Camberwell, 1928); sales (Camberwell, 1931-1949)

===''DALZIEL''===

* [[/Kenneth Elston Dalziel|Dalziel, Kenneth Elston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-WH4] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Sale (1932-1933); 1SK Heard Island (1954); 3AOA Patterson Lakes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 983, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 109, 1933; 1COCP 92, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAAF Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1937); operator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); radio operator (Townsville, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1977; Patterson Lakes, Vic, 1980)

===''DAN''===

* [[/Alexander Morven Dan|Dan, Alexander Morven]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ6-4SJ] - 1916(NSW)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ABU Sydney (Potts Point, 1936-1938; Point Piper, 1939; Neutral Bay, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1954; Coogee, 1955; Bellevue Hill, 1956-1965; Darling Point, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1605, 1936, NSW; COCP3 4278, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (La Perouse, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1963); doctor (Darling Point, NSW, 1968-1972); medical practitioner (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.smh.com.au/national/kokoda-diggers-owed-a-lot-to-the-skill-of-dr-dan-20120816-24b84.html Obit]

===''DANE''===

* [[/John Edward Dane|Dane, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYF7-5RS] - 1868(Eng)-1928(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3JD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Hawthorn, 1908-1909); merchant (Auburn, 1912-1927)

===''DANGERFIELD''===

* [[/Horace Edgar Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Horace Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3H-85N] - 1895(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XMT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (A.I.F.) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, Vic, 1922); sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1924); warehouseman (Auburn, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1931; Auburn, Vic, 1936-1937); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Joseph Henry Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Joseph Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-22D] - 1911(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NF Townsville (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1686, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (radio electrical salesman) - Relationships: brother of 4NL Norman Gerard Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1937-1954); mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Airlie Beach, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Gerard Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Norman Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-5FD] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NL Ayr (1936-1939); 4ND Ayr (1956-1965); 4ND Brisbane (Sherwood, 1969-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1687, 1936, Qld; BOCP 1062, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Elphinstones); broadcast technician (4AY, ABC Townsville); business proprietor (radio) - Halcyon: AOCP at 16yo - Relationships: brother of 4NF Joseph Henry Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Ayr, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Ayr, Qld, 1954; Home Hill, Qld, 1958); clerk (Sherwood, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''DANIEL''===

* [[/Gordon William Henry Daniel|Daniel, Gordon William Henry or post WW2 William Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L43M-K5H] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3NX Warracknabeal (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1919, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1942); mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949-1977)

* [[/Louis Septimus Daniel|Daniel, Louis Septimus]] - 1834(Eng)-1909(Vic) - experimented with etheric force in mid 1870s, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society of Victoria, member), employment (Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs, concluding acting Secretary, 1897), linguist

===''DANKS''===

* [[/Francis Xavier Danks|Danks, Francis or Francis Xavier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCQ-815] - 1899(Sct)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4FD Rockhampton (1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2282, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, turner, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1972)

===''DARCH''===

* [[/Percy William Darch|Darch, Percy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC69-9XY] - 1895(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XADX Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1935); salesman (Penshurst, 1936-1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''D'ARCY''===

* [[/Norman Elsmore D'Arcy|D'Arcy, Norman Elsmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXQ-46F] - 1897(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XAAF Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Five Dock, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Wembley, WA, 1954; North Steyne, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1958); retired (Eastwood, NSW, 1963; Katoomba, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''DARK''===

* [[/Edward John Dark|Dark, Edward John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-PGR] - 1904(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ADQ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Canley Vale, 1950-1954; Narraweena, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1718, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bus-driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; Canley Vale, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Narraweena, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''DARLEY''===

* [[/Ernest John Darley|Darley, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4BX-9ZK] - 1898(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CJ Perth (South Perth, 1923-1930) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 243, 1916; 2COCP 835, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor importer (South Perth, 1925-1936); importer (Rockingham, 1943); technician (South Perth, 1954-1963)

===''DAVENPORT''===

* [[/Waldron Keith Davenport|Davenport, Waldron Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNNF-TQG] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1919); medical practitioner (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1928; Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Lower Plenty, Vic, 1943-1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''DAVEY''===

* [[/Harold Barrett Davey|Davey, Harold Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYY-FN4] - 1898(Tas)-1948(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Launceston, 1922); electrician (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/John Alfred Davey|Davey, John Alfred &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6X-FSF] - 1913(SA)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2YE Sydney (Glebe Point, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Homebush, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 19, 1934; 3COCP 1029, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Toxteth, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Anderton Davey|Davey, John Anderton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-3ZH] - 1909(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3AD Melbourne (Brighton, 1925-1926; Elsternwick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 66, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); importer (South Yarra, Vic, 1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949); director (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968); manufacturer's agent

* [[/Ralph William Davey|Davey, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGN-W9X] - 1916(SA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 5KD Adelaide (North Croydon, 1935-1939; Mile End, 1947; Blanchetown, 1948); 5DY Portable Adelaide (North Croydon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1481, 1935, SA; 1COCP 515, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Ridleyton North, SA, 1939; Whyalla, SA, 1941-1948); RAAF (Guildford, WA, 1958; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIDSON''===

* [[/E. R. Davidson|Davidson, E. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FP Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Frank James Davidson|Davidson, William Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSMG-5X6] - 1903(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 2FD Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 984, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 316, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1937); officer-in-charge radio station (Charleville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio technician (Charleville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Everton Park, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIES''===

* [[/Frederick Mostyn Davies|Davies, Frederick Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD1-DM7] - 1919(WA)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6FD Boulder (1939, 1947-1948); 6FD Bunbury (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2376, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); electrical inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1949-1963); inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gwilym Thomas Davies|Davies, Gwilym Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTKP-QHF] - 1901(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3GD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 634, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 286, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Preston, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Davies|Davies, Harold Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-9V9] - 1911(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2DB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1497, 1935, NSW; COCP3 249, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1937); police constable (Randwick North, NSW, 1943); manager (Hurstville, NSW, 1949); telephone technician (Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1958); technical instructor (Middle Cove, NSW, 1963; Roseville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Harold Elvin Davies|Davies, Harold Elvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-B9B] - 1912(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2BZ Newcastle (Tighe's Hill, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Lambton, 1954-1961; Charlestown, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1653, 1936, NSW; BOCP 179, 1938; COCP1 823, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Waratah, NSW, 1933-1934); radio mechanic (Tighes Hill, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Lambton, 1954-1963); teacher (Charlestown, NSW, 1968); Landlord (Palm Beach, Qld, 1969); teacher (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Henry Tempest Davies|Davies, Henry Tempest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G889-FX9] - 1900(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6HD Perth (Highgate Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 563, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Balkatta, 1921); police officer (Mundijong, 1943); sergeant (Victoria Park, 1949-1958; Lathlain Park, 1963-1977; Victoria Park, 1980)

* [[/Ivor James Davies|Davies, Ivor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-8PS] - 1912(Wales)-2005(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ID Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1623, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1954); radio technician (Mentone, Vic, 1967-1968); technician (Ashwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/James Braid Davies|Davies, James Braid &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQVD-BTH] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2JD Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1930; Croydon, 1931); 2JD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933); 2JD Quirindi (1934-1936); 2JD Cabarita (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 328, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Croydon, NSW, 1933-1934); draftsman (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954); engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958); mechanical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Cuthbert Davies|Davies, John Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-VJ7] - 1911(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (Middle Park, 1936-1937; Brighton, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1803, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1936); radio serviceman (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); inspector (Albert Park, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Lloyd Evan Davies|Davies, Lloyd Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHS-PRH] - 1909(NSW)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2QI Sydney (Vaucluse, 1936-1938); 2QI Wentworth Falls (1939); 5QI Adelaide (Brighton, 1947; Ashford, 1948; Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1761, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (1971); DSCM - Electoral Rolls: professor of music (Vaucluse, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110446544 OBE]

* [[/Reginald Raymond Clifford Davies|Davies, Reginald Raymond Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGM-73Y] - 1915(SA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 5LJ Adelaide (Goodwood Park, 1933-1939; Plympton, 1947-1948); 3AY Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1960; Heathmont, 1965-1969); 6BQ Perth (Bickley, 1975); 6BQ Denmark (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1138, 1933, SA; BOCP 121, 1937; 1COCP 534, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM Berri, SA, 1941); mechanic (Plympton, SA, 1941-1943); public servant (Prahran, Vic, 1954); retired (Bickley, WA, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas John Davies|Davies, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW36-KPN] - 1901(Wales)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ADS Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939); 2ADA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1947-1950; Fairfield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1747, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miller (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1943); factory manager (Toxteth, NSW, 1949)

===''DAVIS''===

* [[/C. E. Davis|Davis, C. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9DK Kavieng (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clive Eric Davis|Davis, Clive Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNX4-W2M] - 1931(Qld)-2023(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1326, 1953; TVOCP 1362, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast control operator (Manly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Gordon Samuel Davis|Davis, Gordon Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQJ-CX3] - 1909(NSW)-1989(Eng) - Licences: 2ACC Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (HMAS Albatross, East Sydney, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical mechanic (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Henry Hargan Davis|Davis, Henry Hargan or Hargon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT6C-6MB] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Strathfield, 1923-1924); 2HH Sydney (Strathfield, 1926-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 289, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Strathfield, 1930-1936); engineer (Strathfield, 1943) - Professor Henry Hargan Davis, BSc, BE (Syd), PhD (Camb), 1946-1973 (Emeritus Professor 1974) [https://docplayer.net/82920769-Engineering-education-the-university-of-adelaide.html]

* [[/James Davis|Davis, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2H-CG3] - 1916(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AFY Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Rose Bay, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1599, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Ross Raleigh Davis|Davis, Ross Raleigh &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ54-9Q4] - 1907(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2DS Receive Sydney (Vaucluse, 1920-1922); 2DS Sydney (Vaucluse, 1923-1929; Double Bay, 1930-1933; Rose Bay, 1933-1938; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 249, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 934, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: accompanied 2CM on the SS Tahiti; education (Sydney Technical College, Electrical Engineering Degree); employment (AWA, engineer, 1925-1973) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Double Bay, 1930; Rose Bay, 1933-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1958; Rose Bay, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2DS - Ross Raleigh Davis&quot;

===''DAVOREN''===

* [[/Patrick Joseph Davoren|Davoren, Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9V8-193] - 1917(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5KM Victor Harbour (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2231, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943)

===''DAWSON''===

* [[/Alfred Dawson|Dawson, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 559, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: stovemaker (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1930); storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1933) 

* [[/Donald Dawson|Dawson, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-KM5] - 1913(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2DD Tamworth (1935-1939); 2YU Tamworth (1948-1955); 4YU Mackay (1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1411, 1935, NSW; BOCP 169, 1938; COCP3 3209, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car trimmer (Tamworth, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (2TM Station, Duri, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Mt Bassett, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Richard Stanley Dawson|Dawson, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2NQ] - 1897(Vic)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XZP Hobart (1913-1914); 3DA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 282, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1919); electrical engineer (Melbourne, 1921-1924; Toorak, 1925-1926; South Yarra, 1927-1928); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1930; Mosman, 1931-1972; Roseville, NSW, 1977)

===''DAY''===

* [[/Clement Jackson Day|Day, Clement Jackson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXK-KXH] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GY Camperdown (1931-1933); 3GY Yarraville (1937-1939); 3GY Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1969); 3GY Geelong (Wallington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 748, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarraville, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Wallington, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Day|Day, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-5NB] - 1900(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939, 1946-1947; Drummoyne, 1948; Liverpool, 1954-1957; Yagoona, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1394, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Cabramatta, NSW, 1930; Kogarah, NSW, 1932-1936); technician (Liverpool, NSW, 1954); radio mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1968); mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Percival Edwin Day|Day, Percival Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS27-MCP] - 1913(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3PP Fiskville (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1119, 1933, Vic; COCP1 336, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cadet technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1936-1949); radio technician (Jannali, NSW, 1958-1968; Como, NSW, 1972; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ralph Framingham Day|Day, Ralph Framingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-YYT] - 1917(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3RD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1652, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/William Day|Day, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5V-BFB] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AKV Sydney (Normanhurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 164, 1938; COCP1 273, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Cammaray, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Kingsford, NSW, 1954; OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DEAMAN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Deaman|Deaman, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCQ-JYM] - 1913(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2ADH Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Guildford, 1946-1950); 2ADH Old Bar (1954); 2ADH Sydney (Liverpool, 1955-1957; Dundas, 1958-1969); 2ADH Callala Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1720, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: half tone etcher (Haberfield, NSW, 1934-1937); process engraver (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949); carpenter (Old Bar, NSW, 1954); half-tone etcher (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Callala Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''DEANE''===

* [[/Launston Alexander Deane|Deane, Launston Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-182] - 1909(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5LD Adelaide (Tusmore, 1933; Hazelwood Park, 1937-1939; Royston Park, 1947-1955; Hazelwood Park, 1956-1965; St Georges, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1090, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Philip Morris Deane|Deane, Philip Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4L7-PFP] - 1901(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZM Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1954; Cheltenham, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Dural, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Raymond Kyrle Deane|Deane, Raymond Kyrle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-HB1] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)93yo - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1728, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1941); clerk (Fullarton, SA, 1943)

===''DEARNESS''===

* [[/Harry Sinclair Dearness|Dearness, Harry Sinclair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCW-RRF] - 1921(Sct)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4KW Mackay (1939, 1947-1975); 4KW Brisbane (Strathpine, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2328, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (radio &amp; TV mechanic) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1949-1972; Strathpine, Qld, 1980)

===''DE BAVAY''===

* [[/Francis Jean Xavier de Bavay|de Bavay, Francis Jean or John Xavier ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFJ-D1R] - 1887(Vic)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 4FO Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Kew, Vic, 1909); brewer (West Perth, WA, 1916); chemist (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1921); manager (New Farm, Qld, 1925); master brewer (Cascades, Tas, 1928-1936); manager (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''DE CRESPIGNY''===

* [[/Philip Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Philip Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJG-QN9] - 1879(Vic)-1918(Palestine) - Licences: XPU Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: half brother of 3FM Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/370943 VWMA]; [https://anneyoungau.wordpress.com/2013/04/24/philip-champion-de-crespigny-1879-1918/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Royalieu Dana Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH7P-7SD] - 1905(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Brighton, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Elmhurst, 1936-1949); farmer (Cobden, 1954; South Ecklin, 1963-1980) - Relationships: half brother of XPU Philip Champion de Crespigny

===''DE CURE''===

* [[/John Edward Gerard de Cure|de Cure, John Edward Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVD6-DWD] - 1899(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1929-1933); 5KO Adelaide (Glenelg, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 2KO Sydney (Artarmon, 1957-1958); 5KO Adelaide (Fulham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 535, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 22, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, 1954); public servant (North Carlton, 1921-1924; Coburg, 1927-1934; Artarmon, NSW, 1958)

===''DEEGAN''===

* [[/Stanley Edward Deegan|Deegan, Stanley Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYK3-2V3] - 1893(Tas)-1944(Tas) - Licences: 7AK Hobart (St Virgil's College, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; public servant (State &amp; Federal, PMGD); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922); civil servant (Hobart, 1928-1936); postal official (Hobart, 1943)

===''DEER''===

* [[/Percival William Deer|Deer, Percival William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DJ-9ZF] - 1901(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5DR Adelaide (Seacliff, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 451, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brighton, 1939-1943)

===''DELBRIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Joseph Robert Delbridge|Delbridge, Reginald Joseph Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L439-HNM] - 1888(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4RJ Childers (1927); 4RJ Brisbane (Paddington, 1931-1933; Booval, 1937-1939); 4RJ Stanthorpe (1946-1948); 4RJ Brisbane (Northgate, 1954-1955; Toowong, 1956); 4RJ Burleigh Heads (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 383, 1927, No. 42 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), minister of religion - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Ingham, 1917-1919); minister (Kingaroy, 1925); clergyman (Ashgrove, 1943); minister (Stanthorpe, 1949); minister of religion (New Farm, 1954); Methodist Minister (Toowong, 1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963)

===''DELLIT''===

* [[/Samuel Stephen Dellit|Dellit, Samuel Stephen]] - Licences: VK4ZSS Brisbane, VK3 Melbourne, VK1DXA Canberra - Qualifications: AOLCP Q0078, 1971 - amateur operator, broadcast DXer, broadcast planning engineer, federal public servant, radio historian (aeradio, amateur, broadcast, coastal)

===''DELMAR''===

* [[/Edwin Chisholm Delmar|Delmar, Edwin Chisholm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KG-D8C] - 1906(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2XZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1934-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1252, 1934, NSW; COCP2 42, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless officer (New Farm, Qld, 1941-1943); radio officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''DEMPSEY''===

* [[/Walter McInnes Dempsey|Dempsey, Walter McInnes &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQN-B69] - 1910(Vic)-2010(Vic)100yo - Licences: 3WD Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1929-1931); 7WD Cambridge (1948); 3AZD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954); 3WD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1955-1969; Oak Park, 1975); 3WD Marong (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 515, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 41, 1931; 1COCP 217, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1936-1937); radio operator (Mentone, Vic, 1942); aeradio operator (Cambridge, Tas, 1949); public servant (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1954-1968; Oak Park, Vic, 1972); retired (Marong, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DENBY''===

* [[/Harry Roy Denby|Denby, Harry Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTS-LLS] - 1906(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4FR Receive Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923); 4AX Brisbane (Kedron, 1936-1939); 4AX Cairns (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1800, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937; Cairns, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''DENHOLM''===

* [[/Ivo Hart Denholm|Denholm or Denham, Ivo Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRT8-DHN] - 1909(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3UD Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1956; East Brighton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1657, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1931); clerk (Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1937; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1949; Coburg West, Vic, 1954); company director (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1968; Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''DENISON''===

* [[/Hugh Robert Denison|Denison or Dixson, Hugh Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-WTC] - 1865(NSW)-1940(Vic) - born Hugh Robert Dixson; businessman, parliamentarian, philanthropist; director of Australasian Wireless Co. then Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) - Links: [[w:Hugh Denison|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/denison-sir-hugh-robert-5955 ADB]

===''DENNEEN''===

* [[/Harold Roy Denneen|Denneen, Harold Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-6YG] - 1894(NSW)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (A/g Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928-1937)

===''DENNETT''===

* [[/Phillip Roy Dennett|Dennett, Phillip or Philip Roy or Ray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNX4-D9K] - 1897(SA)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 5IV Berri (1931-1938); 4IV Camooweal (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 799, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Morningside, Qld, 1943; West End, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Morningside, Qld, 1963-1977)

===''DENNIS''===

* [[/Gordon Walker Dennis|Dennis, Gordon Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G988-L7W] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3TF Melbourne (Footscray, 1937-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1948; Footscray, 1954-1956; West Yarraville, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2030, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Footscray North, 1931-1942); manager (Yarraville, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''DENT''===

* [[/Harold Fredrick Dent|Dent, Harold Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-6JN] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AHU Sydney (Rhodes, 1937-1938; Strathfield, 1939; Concord, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1975, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1936; Rhodes, NSW, 1937); electrician (Concord, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical engineer (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1963)

===''DERHAM''===

* [[/Frederick John Walcott Derham|Derham, Frederick John Walcott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-H9J] - 1900(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJR Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Werribee, Vic, 1937); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1943); director (Malvern, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Frederick Thomas Derham|Derham, Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6G1-7H6] - 1844(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victorian Postmaster-General (1886-1890) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/derham-frederick-thomas-3398 ADB]

===''DERRICK''===

* [[/V. M. Derrick|Derrick, V. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2VM Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DERRY''===

* [[/John Frederick Derry|Derry, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-MNQ] - 1909(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Harbord, 1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1259, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Manly, NSW, 1930); carpenter (Manly, NSW, 1931-1933); radio mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1935-1937; Chatswood, NSW, 1943); pastry cook (St Leonards, NSW, 1949); proprietor (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, NSW, 1958; North Sydney, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DEUTGEN''===

* [[/Carl Friedrich Alfons Deutgen|Deutgen, Carl Friedrich Alfons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-JC5] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: XJA Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937-1949); agent (Melbourne, Vic, 1954)

===''D'EVELYNES''===

* [[/Claude D'Evelynes|D'Evelynes, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF39-3D8] - 1916(WA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 6DC Harvey (1935-1939); 2TZ Sydney (Mona Vale, 1948; Clifton Gardens, 1954-1955); 9TZ Rugli via Lae (1956); 2TZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1488, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Harvey, WA, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Mona Vale, NSW, 1949; Mosman, NSW, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DEVITT''===

* [[/Raymond Lane Devitt|Devitt, Raymond Lane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB11-PTK] - 1905(Tas)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6DR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 990, 1928; 2COCP 287, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); manager (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEVLIN''===

* [[/Henry William Devlin|Devlin, Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X1T-L2C] - 1896(NSW)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XHD Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 360, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Applied AIF 1918, Unfit due eyesight); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1980) - Comment: Father also named Henry William Devlin (physician, Manly, NSW, 1913)

===''DEWAN''===

* [[/John Owen Dewan|Dewan, John Owen (Electoral Rolls) or Owen John (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-2D4] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6JK Perth (Maylands, 1930-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933; City, 1937; North Perth, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 715, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 3COCP 188, 1936; 2COCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Maylands, WA, 1931; North Perth, 1934-1937); teacher (East Perth, WA, 1943); trade instructor (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEWAR''===

* [[/Arthur Edward Dewar|Dewar, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-CSX] - 1888(Vic)-1974(WA) - Licences: XYE Kalgoorlie (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Perth, WA, 1910; Perth, WA, 1915); engine fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916-1917); fitter &amp; turner (Bunbury, WA, 1925); fitter (West Australian Gov Railways, Collie, WA, 1931; Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Maylands, WA, 1954-1968); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1972)

* [[/R. A. Dewar|Dewar, R. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CN Receive Perth (Bassenden, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DEXTER''===

* [[/John Henry Dexter|Dexter, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G428-3PS] - 1906(Eng)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Melbourne (Northcote, 1926-1927); 3VR Melbourne (Sandringham, 1938-1939; Black Rock, 1946-1956; Parkdale, 1960-1965; Mt Eliza, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 241, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1927); engineer (Preston, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); radio mechanic (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''DICK''===

* [[/F. Dick|Dick, F.]] - abt 1883(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Ian Robert Sherriff Dick|Dick, Ian Robert Sherriff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZX-YBG] - 1908(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1419, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Daglish, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1954); orderly (Wembley, WA, 1958-1972)

===''DICKSON''===

* [[/Eric John Dickson|Dickson, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFP-V91] - 1906(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AFM Sydney (Guildford, 1937-1939; Harris Park, 1946-1961; Fairlight, 1965; Guildford, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1850, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Guildford, NSW, 1930-1937); repair assessor (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); buyer (Guildford, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Francis Percy Dickson|Dickson, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWK-1X2] - 1912(Canada)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AFB Sydney (Acton, 1936-1937); 2AFB Bega (1938); 2AFB Sydney (Cheltenham, 1939); 2FB Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1948; Cronulla, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1824, 1936, NSW; BOCP 124, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949; Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DIDDAMS''===

* [[/Robert Harlin Flower Diddams|Diddams, Robert Harlin or Harland Flower]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZN-YJP] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Toowong, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925); printer (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); retired (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1968)

===''DILLON''===

* [[/Arthur Ernest Dillon|Dillon, Arthur Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot; &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85L-HH7] - 1902(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1922); 4CH Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, 1925); engineer (New Farm, 1929); electrical engineer (Atherton, 1931-1932); electrician (Greenslopes, 1943-1954; Mt Gravatt, 1958)

===''DIMMOCK''===

* [[/Berton Lawrence Dimmock|Dimmock, Berton Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55T-FDB] - 1915(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1473, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: valve maker (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); foreman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DINEEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey John Dineen|Dineen, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8L-9R6] - 1919(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7GD Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1588, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 6330, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Launceston, 1949-1968)

===''DIRCKS''===

* [[/Alexander Alfred Dircks|Dircks, Alexander Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-6GN] - 1858(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - senior federal public servant (PMGD, Electrical Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DITTON''===

* [[/Edward William Arthur Ditton|Ditton, Edward William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-383] - 1912(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Annandale, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 228, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kentville, NSW, 1934-1935); aviator (New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937); pilot (South Brisbane, Qld, 1941); airline pilot (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); pilot (Hackett, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''DIXON''===

* [[/Arthur Gurnhill Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Gurnhill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G826-18S] - 1896(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XZA Wynyard (1913-1914); 3JG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3AD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AVE Melbourne (Nunawading, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 462, 1919; 2COCP 160, 1930; 1COCP 271, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wynyard, 1919); wireless mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); technician (Auburn, 1936-1937); inspector (Surrey Hills, 1943-1963) - Probate: retired marine inspector (Melbourne, 1966)

* [[/Arthur Lionel Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82F-YX7] - 1897(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 236 Sydney (Burwood, 1920); 2BS Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2AD Sydney (Canterbury, 1929; Strathfield, 1930); 4AD Brisbane (Norman Park, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 202, 1916; 2COCP 288, 1930; 1COCP 170, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Concord, NSW, 1930; Norman Park, Qld, 1931-1943); RANVR (Kyeemagh, 1943); engineer (Waverton, 1949; Eastwood, 1954; Lidcombe North, 1958); managing director (Blakehurst, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Frederick Musgrave Dixon|Dixon, Charles Frederick Musgrave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L27B-XXY] - 1894(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2II Receive Cootamundra (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cootamundra, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Goulburn, 1943; Annandale, 1949-1954; Camperdown, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Malcolm Dixon|Dixon, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWD1-HXH] - 1922(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); education (Scots College, 1935-1939); military (WW2, AIF, 1942-1945) - Links: [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2008decGS/74.htm Obit]

* [[/Lionel Stanley Dixon|Dixon, Lionel Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PR-QD2] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 3TE Melbourne (Croydon, 1947-1948; Elwood, 1954-1980); 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2177, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Glenferrie, Vic, 1934-1937); builder (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954-1967; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZI Condong (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4GF Victoria Hills, Herbert River (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Hilton Dixon|Dixon, Reginald Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82N-FQV] - 1915(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2QD Albury (1933-1937); 2QD Armidale (1938-1939); 2QD Albury (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1216, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (Albury, 1972-1977)

===''DOBBYN''===

* [[/Joseph McMullen Dobbyn|Dobbyn, Joseph McMullen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY39-PBK] - 1892(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3DO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 214, 1916 (Marconi); CPRT 266, 1916 (Telefunken); COCP1 45, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1914-1919); mechanic (Alphington, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); public servant (Darling, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''DOBLE''===

* [[/Allan Mackenzie Doble|Doble, Allan Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MW-KGZ] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3ZM Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1931-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Hughesdale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 807, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); traveller (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1968); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DODDS''===

* [[/John Stokell Dodds|Dodds, Sir John Stokell Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYR-2KQ] - 1906(Tas)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 7DJ Hobart (City, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 208, 1935; AOCP 1851, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Town, 1936-1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954); electrical engineer (Wahroonga, 1958-1968); manager (St Ives, 1972)

* [[/John William Matthew Dodds|Dodds, John William Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NX-3CT] - 19??(???)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KK Kurri Kurri (1930-1939); 2AZD Newcastle (New Lambton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 644, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: miner (Kuri Kurri, 1930-1949; New Lambton, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leonard Henry Dodds|Dodds, Leonard Henry &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLVS-Z6R] - 1908(NSW)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 2LD Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1931; Gordon, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, 1935-1936; Chatswood, 1937-1939); 4GD Townsville (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, RAAF); radio clubs (Townsville ARC, life member); employment (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator RAN (Chatswood, NSW, 1937); wireless operator RAAF (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio mechanic (Cape Pallarenda, Qld, 1954-1958); PMG technician (Townsville, Qld, 1959-1963); technician (Gulliver, Qld, 1968-1969; Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977; Yabul, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald George Dodds|Dodds, Ronald George]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''DODDY''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Doddy|Doddy, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-HWS] - 1899(Tas)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WH Perth (Claremont, 1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1817, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1958)

===''DODSON''===

* [[/Charles Ralph Dodson|Dodson, Charles Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVP-5DQ] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJCO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Fairfield, Vic, 1914); shop assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1915); chemist's assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1916-1924); chemist (Preston, Vic, 1925-1954)

===''DOHERTY''===

* [[/Francis Hugh Doherty|Doherty, Francis Hugh &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHVX-8NH] - 1918(Vic)-2008(ACT) - Licences: 3XE Melbourne (Mentone, 1937-1939; Balwyn, 1947); 4XE Townsville (Hyde Park, 1948); 6XE Perth (Pearce, 1954-1955); 1XE Canberra (Narrabundah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1936, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (West Perth, WA, 1943; St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); RAAF Officer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Pearce, WA, 1954); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1958; Syndal, Vic, 1967; Narrabundah, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrabundah, ACT, 1980)

===''DOHRMANN''===

* [[/George Stanley Glenville Dohrmann|Dohrmann, George Stanley Glenville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-TB8] - 1902(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922); 3AM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1926); warehouseman (Burwood, Vic, 1931; Canterbury, 1937-1943); agriculturalist (Mt Dandenong, 1949-1954; Mooroolbark, 1968-1980)

===''DOIG''===

* [[/Norman Louis Doig|Doig, Norman Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSD-M17] - 1912(WA)-2014(WA)101yo - Licences: 6ND Carnamah (1937-1939); 6CB Perth (Floreat Park, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2061, 1937, WA; 3COCP 1505, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carnamah, WA, 1936-1937; Floreat Park, WA, 1943); telegraphist (City Beach, WA, 1949; Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley, WA, 1968-1972); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1977-1980)

===''DONNE''===

* [[/Charles Walter Donne|Donne, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FC7] - 1897(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: XLO Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 2YD Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925); 3YD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 271, 1916; 2COCP 87, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (St Kilda, 1919-1924); technician (St Kilda, 1925-1931); dealer (Armadale, 1934-1937); investor (Mornington, 1943); grazier (Dromana, 1949-1954); nil (Mornington, 1963-1972) - Migration: South Africa (1955-1962)

===''DOOK''===

* [[/Valentine Lawson Dook|Dook, Valentine Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7X1-NJH] - 1903(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KB Perth (Maylands, 1931-1933; Mt Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 754, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter's assistant (East Perth, WA, 1931); oil plant attendant (Leederville, WA, 1936-1937); control room operator (Leederville, WA, 1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); electrical foreman (Wembley, WA, 1958-1977)

===''DOOLAN''===

* [[/Martin Joseph Doolan|Doolan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9XM-JDB] - 1913(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3AKO Melbourne (Balcombe, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AKU Colac (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1869, 1937, Vic; BOCP 198, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wangaratta, Vic, 1934); permanent soldier (Military Camp, Balcombe, Vic, 1949); technician (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1963; St Kilda, Vic, 1968)

===''DORWARD''===

* [[/William Haxton Dorward|Dorward, William Haxton, Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-X62] - 1901(Vic)-1937(NSW) - Licences: 3CA Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922-1923); 3CA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Sandringham, 1924-1926); grazier (Moama, 1930; Fort Station, Barnes, 1935-1937)

===''DOUBIKIN''===

* [[/William Thomas Henry Doubikin|Doubikin, William Thomas Henry]] - 1890(Vic)-1927(Tas) - Licences: Hobart Receive 1920s, early wireless experimenter (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, Councillor, 1924), passed too soon
===''DOUDNEY''===

* [[/Herbert William Doudney|Doudney, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MQDH-R32] - 1873(Eng)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Receive Melbourne (Balaclava, 1922); 3EM Melbourne (Balaclava, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 63, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion (Holy Trinity Church) - Electoral Rolls: vicar (St Kilda, 1924-1942); nil (Caulfield, 1949-1954; Elsternwick, 1963)

===''DOUGAN''===

* [[/Donald Hunter Dougan|Dougan, Donald Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQ5-MR5] - 1902(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AMF Gulgong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 948, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gulgong, NSW, 1930-1980)

===''DOUGLAS''===

* [[/Gavin Cunningham Douglas|Douglas, Gavin Cunningham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99J-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3YK Melbourne (Bayswater, 1931-1939, 1947-1950+; Blackburn, 1954; Canterbury, 1955-1960+; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 743, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bayswater, 1935-1949); sales representative (Canterbury, 1963; Surrey Hills, 1968-1980)

* [[/Gordon Adye Douglas|Douglas, Gordon Adye]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVY-WLJ] - 1878(Tas)-1957(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Receive Gormanston (1923); Receive Gormanston (1923); 7GD Gormanston (1924-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 34, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Gormanston, 1914-1928); draughtsman (Queenstown, 1936); geological surveyor (Queenstown, 1937-1943); no occupation (Hobart South, 1949; Blackman's Bay, 1954)

* [[/Hugh Alexander McKay Douglas|Douglas, Hugh Alexander McKay &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV3Y-3W4] - 1889(Eng)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2HD (Class B) Newcastle (1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Class B broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a Listener) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Newcastle, 1913); vulcaniser (Hamilton, 1930-1935); manager (Newcastle, 1936-1937); engineer (Mayfield, 1943; Hamilton, 1949)

* [[/Raymond Lindsay Douglas|Douglas, Raymond Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G719-RQD] - 1918(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ON Tamworth (1935-1939); 2ON Kempsey (1946-1947); 2ON Dapto (1948); 2ON Dubbo (1950); 2ON Sydney (Epping, 1955); 2ON Gosford (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1506, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Dapto, NSW, 1949; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/William Gordon Douglas|Douglas, William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-ST4] - 1900(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GA Lavers Hill (1931-1933); 3GA Curdie Vale (1937-1939); 3GA Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 828, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1914-1948) - Electoral Rolls: schoolmaster (Rochester, Vic, 1921); student (Parkville, Vic, 1924; Caulfield, Vic, 1925); school teacher (Mepunga East, Vic, 1927; Lavers Hill, Vic, 1928-1934; Mernda, Vic, 1936; Curdie Vale, Vic, 1937); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''DOVEY''===

* [[/R. L. Dovey|Dovey, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, possibly typo in initials - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DOWDING''===

* [[/Philip Lorens Thomas Dowding|Dowding, Philip Lorena or Loreno or Lorens Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH8-Z6D] - 1901(Tas)-19??(Vic) - Licences: 7AC Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Moonah, 1922); electrician (St Kilda, 1926-1931; Prahran, 1934; Melbourne, 1937; St Kilda, 1943-1949); electrical foreman (Eildon, 1954)

===''DOWE''===

* [[/Richard Cory Dowe|Dowe, Richard Cory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-V1S] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Lindfield, 1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2403, 1939, NSW; BOCP 495, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Lindfield, NSW, 1943); clerk (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); bank officer (Gladesville, NSW, 1954-1968; North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DOWLING''===

* [[/Richard Patrick Dowling|Dowling, Richard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SMP-52S] - 1903(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3XD Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1934-1939, 1947-1960; Montmorency, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1359, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Fitzroy, Vic, 1925-1927); constable (Fitzroy South, Vic, 1931-1954); process worker (Montmorency, Vic, 1963)

===''DOWNIE''===

* [[/Frederick William Downie|Downie, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y2-LQ8] - 1879(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victoria Police (wireless department, senior constable); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo VPF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broadford, 1903); constable (North Carlton, 1909-1924); senior constable (Preston, 1927-1936)

===''DOWNING''===

* [[/Edward Frank Downing|Downing, Edward Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-KTX] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CL Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: law student (South Perth, WA, 1931-1934); solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1980)

* [[/William Evan Downing|Downing, William Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHV4-K46] - 1874(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3LQ Warrnambool (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: brassfounder (Warrnambool, 1912-1937)

* [[/William George Downing|Downing, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2WQ-56L] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GD Stanhope (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1697, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Stanhope, Vic, 1931); wireless expert (Girgarre, Vic, 1934; Stanhope, Vic, 1936-1967); radio expert (Stanhope, Vic, 1972); TV service (Stanhope, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DOYLE''===

* [[/Herbert Laurence Doyle|Doyle, Herbert Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VG-WVC] - 1894(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1931); 3CR Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Kooyong, 1937; Frankston, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 697, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: independent means (St Arnaud, 1924); grazier (Malvern East, 1925-1927); clerk (Malvern East, 1931-1937); home duties (Malvern, 1943)

===''DRAEGER''===

* [[/Herbert William Draeger|Draeger, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCZ-36G] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XAD Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; pre-WW1 (3 years Corps Aust Signallers); WW1 (applied AIF 1915, fit for home service); WW2 (CMF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Newtown, Vic, 1912; Paddington, NSW, 1913); fitter (Blackburn, Vic, 1912-1917); poulterer (Coburg, Vic, 1917-1919); grocer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1924-1936); driver (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); pensioner (Sandringham, Vic, 1958)

===''DRAKE''===

* [[/James George Drake|Drake, James George]] - 1850(Eng)-1941(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1880s &amp; 1890s), state politician (Qld MLA, 1880s &amp; 1890s), politician (Postmaster-General 1901-1903)

===''DRANEY''===

* [[/Walter Edward Draney|Draney, Walter Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KLP-VT7] - 1896(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milton, Qld, 1919; Greenslopes, Qld, 1921-1928; Tully, Qld, 1937; Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba West, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Drayton, Qld, 1980)

===''DRANSFIELD''===

* [[/Reginald Beaumont Dransfield|Dransfield, Reginald Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-4VK] - 1906(Tas)-1947(ACT) - Licences: 2ALD Bungendore (1938-1939); 2ALD Canberra (Acton, 1946; Kingston, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2233, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Moore College, Camperdown, NSW, 1930); deacon (North Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); clergyman (Adaminaby, NSW, 1933; Adelong, NSW, 1936; Lake Bathurst, NSW, 1937)

===''DREDGE''===

* [[/Leslie Laurence Dredge|Dredge, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-YQP] - 1895(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XPV Melbourne (South Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Preston, Vic, 1926-1931); confectioner (Preston, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (Abbotsford, Vic, 1942-1949; Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Preston, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''DREW''===

* [[/Alfred John Drew|Drew, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-1HH] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5LN Adelaide (Kensington, 1933-1939; Erindale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1078, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Erindale, SA, 1943)

* [[/Charles William Drew|Drew, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPS1-3BB] - 1900(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 249 Sydney (Waverley, 1920); 2CD Sydney (Randwick, 1929-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 500, 1919; COCP2 386, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''DRISCOLL''===

* [[/Albert Edmund Driscoll|Driscoll, Albert Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL75-71C] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2KN Quirindi (1933-1939); 2BI Quirindi (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1126, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Quirindi, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''DU FEU''===

* [[/Maurice Albert James Du Feu|Du Feu, Maurice Albert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3M-V9D] - 1917(WA)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 6DF Perth (Subiaco, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; West Perth, 1954-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1965); 6DU Perth (West Perth, 1948); 2BMD Sydney (Lindfield, 1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1875, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: company director (West Perth, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (West Perth, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Lindfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DUBOIS''===

* [[/Paul Louis Dubois|Dubois, Paul Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZQ-QN3] - 1918(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4UJ Brisbane (Rosalie, 1936-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1947; South Brisbane, 1948; Highgate Hill, 1954-1960; Bardon 1960); 4PL Brisbane (Bardon 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1677, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; senior public servant (PMGD, Telstra) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1943; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949); public servant (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1954-1958); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977); manager telecommunications (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''DUDMAN''===

* [[/William Henry George Dudman|Dudman, William Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWL-7KH] - 1915(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3VY Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rosanna, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1907, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1949-1963); radio technician (Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1968); sales manager (Rosanna, Vic, 1977); manager (Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''DUFF''===

* [[/David Hugh Bowen Duff|Duff, David Hugh Bowen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW6B-5QD] - 1909(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2EO Sydney (Stanmore, 1933-1934; Enmore, 1935-1936); 3EO Melbourne (Crib Point, 1937); 2EO Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938); 2EO Canberra (Belconnen, 1939); 2EO Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1011, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Newtown, NSW, 1935; Crib Point, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Naval Wireless Station, Belconnen, ACT, 1943); PMG employee (Hornsby, NSW, 1949); service engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Duff, William Vere Hobart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZC-JGP] - 1893(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DB Receive Melbourne (Malvern East, 1922); 3DB Melbourne (Malvern East, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Malvern East, 1914); engineer (Malvern East, 1919-1924; Glenferrie, 1931-1937; Toorak, 1943-1954; Harkaway, 1958-1968)

===''DUFFY''===

* [[/John Duffy|Duffy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-QKJ] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Sydney (Redfern, 1933; Woollahra, 1934; Rose Bay, 1935-1937); 4AQ Brisbane (Grange, 1938); 2AQ Sydney (Bondi, 1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, not yet identified; AOLCP 264, 1936; TVOCP 54, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous JDs, needs review - Electoral Rolls: manager (Woollahra, NSW, 1934); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Maurice Boyce Duffy|Duffy, Maurice Boyce &quot;Morrie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRYK-S76] - 1886(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/duffy-maurice-boyce-morrie-6030 ADB]

* [[/William Oswald Duffy|Duffy, William Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2Q2] - 1861(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: XZO Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Battery Point, 1914)

===''DUGGAN''===

* [[/Harry George Duggan|Duggan, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9H-8LW] - 1905(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XI Warrnambool (1930-1965); 3AXI Warrnambool (1965-1969); 3XI Garvoc (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 592, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Warrnambool, 1931-1954); engineer (Warrnambool, 1963-1968)

===''DUKES''===

* [[/Gordon William Dukes|Dukes, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RY-PGT] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2WD Sydney (Forest Lodge, 1930-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1956; Cremorne, 1957-1958; Lane Cove, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 571, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 139, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glebe, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, 1943-1949); engineer (Cremorne, 1954-1958); technician (Lane Cove, 1963-1980)

===''DUNCAN''===

* [[/John Caldwell Duncan|Duncan, John Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-R7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3VZ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2185, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: builder (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); contractor (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); builder (Balwyn, Vic, 1958-1967)

===''DUNDAS''===

* [[/Reginald Loftus Dundas|Dundas, Reginald Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-8LM] - 1915(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4DU Crawford, Kingaroy Line (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1990, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Theodore, Qld, 1937); labourer (Crawford, Kingaroy Line, Qld, 1949-1972); farmer (Torquay, Qld, 1977)

===''DUNLEAVY''===

* [[/Joseph Francis Dunleavy|Dunleavy, Joseph Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 508, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); electrical fitter (Melbourne, Vic, 1926; South Yarra, Vic, 1931); fitter (St Kilda, Vic, 1934)

===''DUNN''===

* [[/Deveron Colin Dunn|Dunn, Deveron Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDX6-2DP] - 1914(NZ)-2014(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2EG Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1420, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1937-1963); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1968); electronics technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Dunn|Dunn, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDXX-SDR] - 1908(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2AKS Sydney (Chatswood, 1938-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2194, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1932-1933; Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Richard Dunn|Dunn, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSN-T31] - 1898(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Receive Sydney (South Kensington, 1922); 2GU Sydney (South Kensington, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Kensington, 1930-1943); manager (Kingsford, 1958); retired (The Entrance, 1963-1980)

===''DUNSTAN''===

* [[/Walter John Dunstan|Dunstan, Walter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-Y3V] - 1904(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Receive Ballarat (1922); 3JR Ballarat (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 106, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: gone too soon - Relationships: brother of William Dunstan, Victoria Cross - Electoral Rolls: student (Ballarat East, 1927)

===''DUNSTONE''===

* [[/Arthur James Dunstone|Dunstone, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WW-2QQ] - 1920(Vic)-2019(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2412, 1939, Vic; COCP2 574, 1942; COCP1 601, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maldon, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''DURBER''===

* [[/Robert George Durber|Durber, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-CRT] - 1922(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6DG Merredin (1947-1948; 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2437, 1940, WA; BOCP 385, 1941 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcast technician (Northam, WA, 1943-1949); technician (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''DURBIN''===

* [[/Walter Albury Durbin|Durbin, Walter Albury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQS-F1D] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (active early 1930s to early 1990s) - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Willoughby, NSW, 1935-1963); manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DURBRIDGE''===

* [[/William Keep Durbridge|Durbridge, William Keep]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDN-Z4B] - 1908(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 4FS Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Innisfail, Qld, 1930); clerk (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1937); bookkeeper (Dundoo Station, Eulo, Qld, 1937); no occupation (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1972; Melbourne, Vic, 1977)

===''DUTHOIT''===

* [[/Albert George Duthoit|Duthoit, Albert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ94-V82] - 1901(Tas)-1970(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); labourer (Croydon North, 1931); no occupation (Armadale, 1931); engineer (Hobart South, 1936); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1935-1943); clerk (Ivanhoe, 1949; Oakleigh, 1954; Malvern, 1958); nil (Malvern, 1967-1968)

===''DUTTON''===

* [[/Thomas Henry Dutton|Dutton, Thomas Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJG1-LRN] - 1862(Eng)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: painter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1903-1905); commission agent (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1908-1909); printer (Valley, Qld, 1913); traveller (Teneriffe, Qld, 1915-1937)

===''DWYER''===

* [[/John Timothy Dwyer|Dwyer, John Timothy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-48T] - 1913(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Young (1932-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 945, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Young, NSW, 1934-1954)

===''DYE''===

* [[/Aubrey David Wilson Dye|Dye, Aubrey David Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVB-QPC] - 1886(Eng)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AW Sydney (Centennial Park, 1929-1958) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Centennial Park, NSW, 1930-1954)

===''DYER''===

* [[/Clarence Alfred Robert Dyer|Dyer, Clarence Alfred Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFFF-P78] - 1895(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3DY Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1931-1939; Middle Brighton, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 837, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1921-1922; Melbourne East, Vic, 1924; Northcote, Vic, 1926-1928; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1931-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949)

=='''E'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''EADIE''===

* [[/Norman William Eadie|Eadie, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBL7-X21] - 1915(WA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3UP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2219, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1980)

===''EAGLES''===

* [[/James Algernon Eagles|Eagles, James Algernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-S6T] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XIF Jiggi (1913-1914); 2AIA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: husband of 2AIA Muriel Margaret Eagles nee Boag - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Glebe, NSW, 1913); school teacher (Croydon Park, NSW, 1930); retired (Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1949)

* [[/Muriel Margaret Eagles|Eagles nee Boag, Muriel Margaret]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJM-CDT] - 1890(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIA Sydney (Miranda, 1957; Strathfield, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3562, 1956, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: wife of XIF-2AIA James Algernon Eagles - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Croydon, NSW, 1930; Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''EAGLING''===

* [[/Reginald William Eagling|Eagling, Reginald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWL-N2H] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AEY Taree (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEY Lightning Ridge (1980+); 2UG Portable Taree (1958-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1829, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taree, NSW, 1935-1936); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949); director (Taree, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Lightning Ridge, NSW, 1980)

===''EAKINS''===

* [[/Cyril Clarence Eakins|Eakins, Cyril Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-M4Z] - 1915(WA)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6CN Geraldton (1939, 1947-1948); 6CN Kellerberrin (1954-1965); 6CN Perth (Greenmount, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2388, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937); chemist (South Belmont, WA, 1943); pharmaceutical chemist (Geraldton, WA, 1949); chemist (Kellerberrin, WA, 1954-1963); pharmaceutical chemist (Greenmount, WA, 1968-1980)

===''EARLE''===

* [[/Frank Edwin Earle|Earle, Frank Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YV-B62] - 1900(SA)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 823, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5BD - Frank Edwin Earle&quot;

* [[/Robert Erasmus Earle|Earle, Robert Erasmus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLX-NC1] - 1894(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6LC Perth (Floreat Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: AOCP 4390, 1966, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Floreat Park, 1954-1977)

===''EARLY''===

* [[/John Henry Early|Early, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56P-939] - 1902(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Temora (1934-1938); 2KQ Cessnock (1939); 2KQ Toronto (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1384, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Temora, NSW, 1936-1937; Toronto, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''EAST''===

* [[/William Lawrence East|East, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZK-JMF] - 1914(???)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2AEG Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1937); 2AEG Newcastle (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1636, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Newington, NSW, 1936)

===''EASTER''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Easter|Easter, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2L-656] - 1914(SA)-1983(???) - Licences: 5RO Montieth (1933); 5RO Port Elliot (1937); 5RO Moonta (1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1111, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Moonta, SA, 1939-1947) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532330 VWM]

===''EASTERBROOK''===

* [[/Raymond Walter Easterbrook|Easterbrook, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN7-6JX] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3RM Melbourne (Clayton, 1931-1933; South Yarra, 1937-1939; Bentleigh, 1948; Box Hill North, 1954-1960; Frankston, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 804, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Caulfield East, 1934-1935); sales (South Yarra, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); medical detailer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); manager (Upwey, Vic, 1954); company director (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963); director (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''EASTON''===

* [[/Frederick William Spencer Easton|Easton, Frederick William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-7XD] - 1914(NSW)-1944(PNG) - Licences: 2BQ Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1935; Bellevue Hill, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 846, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Rose Bay, 1936-1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''EATON''===

* [[/Rupert Thomas Eaton|Eaton, Rupert Thomas or Thomas Rupert (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVR-DJH] - 1904(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6DO Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Claremont, WA, 1931); shop front fitter (Belmont, WA, 1937-1968); draftsman (Scarborough, WA, 1972); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

===''EBRALL''===

* [[/Herbert Novelle Ebrall|Ebrall, Herbert Novelle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7J-D63] - 1909(Eng)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 35, 1936 - broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor apprentice (Tuart Hill, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1936-1937); mine owner (Ruby Flat, Tas, 1943-1944); radio manager (Queenstown, Tas, 1949-1972)

===''EDE''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Ede|Ede, Charles Frederick or Friederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7D-PYL] - 1885(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Wellington Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1908; Albion, Qld, 1912-1921); assistant secretary (Manly, Qld, 1925-1963); retired (Wynnum North, 1968)

===''EDGAR''===

* [[/Douglas Waldene Edgar|Edgar, Douglas Waldene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XS-K4X] - 1895(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6DW New Norcia (1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 314, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gingin, 1922; New Norcia, 1925-1954); retired (Nedlands, 1958-1963)

* [[/John Matheson Edgar|Edgar, John Matheson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB42-K1G] - 1881(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Geelong (1923); 3YW Geelong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Training College, Carlton, 1903); state school teacher (Ballarat, 1909); teacher (Ballarat, 1913-1914; Geelong, 1917-1924; Essendon, 1925-1954)
* [[/Mervyn John Edgar|Edgar, Mervyn John or John Mervyn &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4W-647] - 1913(NSW)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4JE Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1302, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Radio Location Unit); radio retailing (Tracksons) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); salesman (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); shop assistant (Bulimba, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''EDGEBERG''===

* [[/H. Edgeberg|Edgeberg, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CX Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''EDGECOMBE''===

* [[/Gordon Henry Edgecombe|Edgecombe, Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZPN-WDD] - 1914(Sct)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1309, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: radio servicing (Gordon, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''EDGERTON''===

* [[/Arthur Francis James Edgerton|Edgerton, Arthur Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5D-2PT] - 1912(Vic)-2009(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 889, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1936-1937); steel melter (Kew, Vic, 1943); metallurgist (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''EDWARDS''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Edwards|Edwards, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3W-DSB] - 1900(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AC Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1930; Eastwood, 1931; Waverley, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 587, 1920 (Marconi); COCP1 224, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, NSW, 1933); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1936; Haberfield, NSW, 1937); manager (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); production manager (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Frederick Patrick Joseph Edwards|Edwards, Frederick Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSX-5YG] - 1918(WA)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6DN Merredin (1938-1939); 6DN Perth (West Perth, 1947-1965; Ardross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2127, 1938, WA; BOCP 278, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Merredin, WA, 1943); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1943-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1968); clerk (Ardross, WA, 1972-1980)

* [[/George James Edwards|Edwards, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WC-Z8S] - 1912(NSW)-1942(At sea, near Bermuda) - Licences: 2GE Maitland West (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1129, 1933, NSW; COCP2 124, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, 2nd radio operator) - Electoral Rolls: film operator (West Maitland, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/51703.html Uboat.net]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1430549 AWM Commemorative Roll] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/H. E. Edwards|Edwards, H. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Croydon, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert John Edwards|Edwards, Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF5-KP8] - 1894(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 802, 1923; 2COCP 18, 1929; 1COCP 208, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous HJEs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933); radio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1949); communication officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1954)

* [[/James Thomas Edwards|Edwards, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ78-6VC] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2AKE Rye Park (1938-1939, 1946-1957); 2AKE Sutton Forest (1958-1969); 2AKE Moss Vale (1975); 2AKE Bowral (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2147, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Rye Park, NSW, 1932-1949); grazier (Rye Park, NSW, 1958; Sutton Forest, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Moss Vale, NSW, 1977; Bowral, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Francis Edwards|Edwards, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTN-SRX] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1939, 1946-1956); 2AAE Sydney (Rydalmere, 1960-1965; Westmead, 1969; Toongabbie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1178, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Parramatta, NSW, 1933-1954); branch manager (Rydalmere, NSW, 1963); credit sales manager (Westmead, NSW, 1968); manager (Westmead, NSW, 1972); retired (Toongabbie, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Keith Thomas Edwards|Edwards, Keith Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXH-J3C] - 1914(SA)-1942(At Sea, Bay of Biscay) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 929, 1932, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant, Air Gunner, 10 Sqdrn, Coastal Command, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701819 Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/531927 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leonard Wentworth Edwards|Edwards, Leonard Wentworth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5K-KP2] - 1917(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 2AGT Sydney (Pymble, 1939, 1946); 7LE Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2301, 1939, NSW; COCP1 1624, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Nelson, Tas, 1949-1954; Hobart South, Tas, 1958; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Dale Edwards|Edwards, Raymond Dale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-QWC] - 1912(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3ADE Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2355, 1939, Vic; COCP2 689, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1954); engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Samuel Robert Wareham Edwards|Edwards, Samuel Robert Wareham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS3-P1T] - 1896(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (East Preston, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 741, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon (Motor cycle accident) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1921-1922; Albert Park, Vic, 1924); motor mechanic (Middle Park, Vic, 1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934)

* [[/Sydney Gordon Edwards|Edwards, Sydney Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-FJ2] - 1910(Scotland)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3SU Melbourne (Fitzroy North, 1935-1937; Elwood, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954; Canterbury, 1956; Middle Park, 1960; Forest Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1552, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Heidelberg, Vic, 1936-1937); airman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949); RAAF (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); airforce officer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Forest Hill, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''EGAN''===

* [[/Mavis Evelyn Egan|Fogg nee Egan, Mavis Evelyn or Evelene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-1JK] - 1900(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Stanley (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver (YL) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanley, 1928); home duties (Wynyard, 1936-1943; Smithton, 1949; Sale, Vic, 1954; Cohuna, 1963; Devonport, 1972)

* [[/Vincent Thomas Egan|Egan, Vincent Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVW-97N] - 1917(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AJI Tamworth (1937-1938); 2AJI Inverell (1939); 2AJI Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1947; Darlinghurst, 1948); 2AQA Manilla (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2039, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949; Manilla, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''EGGLETON''===

* [[/Eric Percy Eggleton|Eggleton, Eric Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTZ-5G9] - 1903(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DA Receive Toowoomba (1923-1924); 4DA Toowoomba (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 81, 1925, No. 9 in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (QATB) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Toowoomba, 1925-1926); ambulance bearer (Toowoomba, 1931); ambulance superintendent (Dayboro, 1936-1943; Charleville, 1949-1958; Stanthorpe, 1963); retired (Caloundra, 1968-1977)

===''EINSIEDEL''===

* [[/Ernest Louis Einsiedel|Einsiedel, Ernest or Ernst Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Z-TS1] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QE Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1947; Ormond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2278, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1936-1942); skin classer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977)

===''ELDER''===

* [[/James Alexander Mackenzie Elder|Elder, James Alexander Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W3-7FL] - 1869(Sct)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Awards: KBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Essendon, 1905); merchant (Moonee Ponds, 1908-1909); director (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/elder-sir-james-alexander-6099 ADB]

===''ELLERY''===

* [[/Robert Lewis John Ellery|Ellery, Robert Lewis John]] - 1827(Eng)-1908(Vic) - early telephone experimenter, Vic Government Astronomer

===''ELLIOTT''===

* [[/Albert Horace Elliott|Elliott, Albert Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB3-DYF] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XDR Sydney (Drummoyne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: newsagent (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); agent (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931); engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Robert Neville Elliott|Elliott, Robert Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-PPJ] - 1907(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DW Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); company manager (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954-1963); accountant (Brisbane, Qld, 1968); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972); accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Donovan Elliott|Elliott, Ronald Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G799-LTX] - 1910(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5RD Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1931-1933; Da Costa Park, 1937; Kirkcaldy, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 758, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939; Westbourne Park, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Murray Browse Elliott|Elliott, Thomas Murray Browse &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W8-947] - 1899(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4CM Brisbane (City, 1946-1969); operator of Valentine's 4CM licence 1925-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 72, 1925, No. 6 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; early television experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Fortitude Valley, 1921); salesman (Brisbane City, 1925-1931); sound engineer (Observatory, 1937-1943); company manager (City, 1949-1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968)

===''ELLIS''===

* [[/Clive Austin Ellis|Ellis, Clive Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-9HT] - 1912(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3LZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1930-1931; Caulfield, 1933-1939; Newport, 1946-1956; Moorabbin, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 598, 1930, No. ?? in Victoria - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1937; Newport, Vic, 1943-1954); valuer (Moorabbin, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Cyril Charles Henry Ellis|Ellis, Cyril Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCX-F99] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XMV Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1915; Canterbury, Vic, 1919; Burwood, Vic, 1924-1928); telephone mechanic (Ararat, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1977; Burwood, Vic, 1977)

* [[/John Osborne Ellis|Ellis, John Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-Q42] - 1910(Eng)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 522, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kimba, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Anthony Ellis|Ellis, Joseph Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGB7-BJG] - 1921(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2AIL Lismore (1937-1939); 2GL Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1948; Mascot, 1954-1960; Pennant Hills, 1961); 4AGL Nambour (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2040, 1937, NSW; COCP2 446, 1941; COCP1 578, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949); flight radio officer (Randwick East, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick East, NSW, 1958); navigator (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles Ellis|Ellis, Richard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBQ-SST] - 1903(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHR Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1972, 1937, NSW; BOCP 374, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''ELPHINSTONE''===

* [[/Lancelot Armstrong Elphinstone|Elphinstone, Lancelot Armstrong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56T-2FX] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2MK Thirroul (1934-1939); 2MK Cessnock (1946-1950); 2MK Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1954-1961; North Balgowlah, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1337, 1934, NSW; BOCP 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thirroul, NSW, 1936-1937); broadcast technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1958); newsagent (North Balgowlah, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''ELSBURY''===

* [[/Cyril Robert Elsbury|Elsbury (adopted) or Wilson Bowman (biological), Cyril Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMG-5CW] - 1897(Qld)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6JE Kalgoorlie (1934-1939); 6JE Fimiston (1947-1956); 6JE Nornalup (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1372, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1922); mine timekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1925-1943); assistant accountant (Fimiston, WA, 1949-1954); mine paymaster (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1958)

===''ELWORTHY''===

* [[/Colin Gregory Elworthy|Elworthy, Colin Gregory &quot;Col&quot;]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''EMBLING''===

* [[/Stewart Austin Embling|Embling, Stewart Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGH-YQM] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925); 3DC Melbourne (Toorak, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 236, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1943); assurance officer (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''EMENY''===

* [[/Thomas Francis Emeny|Emeny, Thomas Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHVF-QNN] - 1908(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3GQ Camperdown (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1006, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1943); engineer (Carrum, Vic, 1954)

===''EMERY''===

* [[/Leslie William Emery|Emeny, Leslie William &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQK7-QRN] - 1912(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3APE Melbourne (Hampton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1380, 1934, Vic? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Seaford, Vic, 1954); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1963; Brighton East, Vic, 1967-1968; Hampton, Vic, 1972)

===''EMMELHAINZ''===

* [[/Albert Edward Joseph Emmelhainz|Emmelhainz, Albert Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSCR-R96] - 1900(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2SR Sydney (Kensington, 1931-1933); 2SR Lake Illawarra (1935); 2SR Sydney (CBD, 1936-1937; Petersham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1933-1936; Petersham, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Dee Why, NSW, 1949)

===''ENDACOTT''===

* [[/Jack Morris Endacott|Endacott, Jack Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2X7-P38] - 1910(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EB Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1947-1948; West Brunswick, 1954-1960; Fawkner, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1956, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Brunswick West, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954; Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Skenes Creek, Vic, 1972; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1977)

===''ENTWISLE''===

* [[/Thomas James Entwisle|Entwisle, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFD-MNY] - 1884(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XLG Camperdown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908; Weerite, Vic, 1909); farm manager (Weerite, Vic, 1912-1913); secretary (Brighton Beach, Vic, 1914; East St Kilda, Vic 1916); military officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1919); farmer (Tresco, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''ERREY''===

* [[/Robert Owan Errey|Errey, Robert Owan or Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XN-QFZ] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 2PO Canberra (1946-1948); 2TD Camden (1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 265, 1935; AOCP 1843, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1936-1942); radio engineer (Mount Stromlo, ACT, 1949); civil servant (Camden, Vic, 1954-1958; Highton, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Highton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''EVA''===

* [[/Oswald Noel Eva|Eva, Oswald Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFST-HLS] - 1917(Qld)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3BON Shepparton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1927, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); projectionist (Williamstown, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954); theatre proprietor (Dunnolly, Vic, 1958); TV technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''EVANS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Hubert Evans|Evans, Albert Henry Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH8N-BFX] - 1894(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: XVD Adelaide (Mile End, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 255, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Woollahra, 1949)

* [[/Arthur Brodie David Evans|Evans, Arthur Brodie David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ7-PK9] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3VQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1965; Kalorama, 1969; Beaumaris, 1975); 3VQ Cowes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2001, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1967); managing director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1968); director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977); manager (Black Rock, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Griffith Benjamin Evans|Evans, Griffith Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-HL3] - 1877(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS - Electoral Rolls: naval telegraphist (Eden Vale, Vic, 1914-1915); telegraphist (Coburg, Vic, 1919); retired (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Brynmor Evans|Evans, John Brynmor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG2-BHR] - 1918(SA)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2318, 1939, SA; COCP2 450, 1941; COCP1 507, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306765 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703463 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532627 VMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Telynog Evans|Evans, John Telynog]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWM-XLK] - 1911(Wales)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Paxton (1931-1933); 2CX Paxton (1936-1939); 2CX Cessnock (1946); 2CX Nelson's Bay (1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 778, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1937); wireless operator (Toronto, NSW, 1943); fisherman (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Percy Evans|Evans, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84B-DKL] - 1894(Eng)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Kensington, 1928-1929; Randwick, 1930-1931); 3OZ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Boronia, 1948; North Ringwood, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 458, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Kensington, NSW, 1930); salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); manager (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Phillip Edward Evans|Evans, Phillip Edward]] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3VN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1935-1937; Smeaton, 1938-1939); 3VN Yallourn (1947-1965); 3VN Newborough (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1432, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Smeaton, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (YMCA, Clarendon, Vic, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); engineer (Yallourn, Vic, 1949-1967; Newborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/R. Evans|Evans, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Clovelly, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 265, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Evan Evans|Evans, Thomas Evan or Thomas Evian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-S1L] - 1904(NZ)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 3EV Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1927); 9EV Rabaul (1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 160, 1925, Vic; AOCP 2226, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; medical assistant; technical assistant; Civilian POW captured at Rabaul, died on board the &quot;Montevideo Maru&quot; when it was torpedoed and sunk en route from Rabaul to Hainan, where Thomas was destined for forced labour. Electoral Rolls: Not yet identified - Links: [https://montevideomaru.naa.gov.au/pows-internees/index.aspx?id=5349 NAA]; [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-30/world-war-ii-hell-ships-montevideo-rakuyo-maru/102263746 ABC]; [https://m.facebook.com/SilentworldFoundation/photos/a.6024859134229018/6024859087562356/ Facebook]; [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2011mayGS/60a.htm Scotch College]; [https://thelastcoastwatcher.wordpress.com/coastwatching-organization/civilian-casualties/ Last Coast Watcher]; [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17973567 Trove]; [https://montevideo-maru.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/18September10.pdf Montevideo Maru.Org] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Trevor Elliott Evans|Evans, Trevor Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-GRC] - 1903(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Receive Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1922-1924); 3RK Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1925-1933; Pascoe Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 159, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928); electrician (East Brunswick, 1931-1934); contractor (Coburg, Vic, 1936; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Trevor Frederick Evans|Evans, Trevor Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L292-N4L] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2NS Blayney (1925-1929); 2NS Bathurst (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 2ABJ Portable Bathurst (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 113, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 19, 1936; AOCP1 43, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio manager (Bathurst, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Bathurst, NSW, 1943-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2NS - Trevor Frederick Evans&quot;

===''EVERETT''===

* [[/Frederick Arthur Everett|Everett, Frederick Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D4-778] - 1911(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1408, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Dubbo, NSW, 1934-1937); teacher (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Orange, NSW, 1949-1958; Miranda, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''EVERY''===

* [[/George Edward Every|Every, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDSS-VT4] - 1894(Eng)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 7GE Hobart (1931); 3GE Queenscliff (1937-1939); 3GE Balcombe (1947-1948); 3GE Carrum (1954-1956); 3GE Bonbeach (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military instructor; WW1 (UK) - Electoral Rolls: silver mounter (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1919); soldier (Launceston, 1922; Hobart South, 1922); military instructor (Hobart South, 1928); soldier (Queenscliff, Vic, 1935-1937); military officer (Albury, NSW, 1943; Victoria Park, Qld, 1949); clerk (Frankston, 1949); accountant (Carrum, 1954)

===''EWART''===

* [[/Henry George Ewart|Ewart, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1C-CP3] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 887, 1932, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Irymple, Vic, 1928-1937); mechanic (Redcliffs, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''EWING''===

* [[/John Donaldson Ewing|Ewing, John Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8L-5K5] - 1904(???)-after1980(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 2AFI Sydney (North Sydney, 1936-1938; Dee Why, 1939, 1946-1956); 2UL Sydney (Dee Why, 1960; Burwood, 1961; Dee Why, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: CC; AOCP 1659, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Armidale, NSW, 1930); electrician (Camaray, NSW, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1937); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943-1954); electrical contractor (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1963); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas Thomson Ewing|Ewing, Thomas Thomson]] - 1856(NSW)-1920(NSW) - state politician (NSW MLA); federal politician (MHR, acting Postmaster-General)

===''EXTON''===

* [[/George Walter Exton|Exton, George Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QY-5XH] - 1882(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2CZ Lismore (1922-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast proprietor and engineer (2XN Lismore) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Saddlers Crossing, Qld)

=='''F'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''FABER''===

* [[/William John Thomas Faber|Faber, William John Thomas &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4W-7FV] - 1907(Eng)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4WF Ayr (1938-1939); 4WF Brisbane (Kedron, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2186, 1938, Qld; BOCP 144, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager Ayr Radio (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1949-1972)

===''FAGAN''===

* [[/William Reginald Joseph Fagan|Fagan, William Reginald Joseph &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLF3-QPM] - 1883(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Mandurama (1922); 2RJ Mandurama (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio station (director, 2SM) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mandurama, 1913-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;2RJ - William Reginald Joseph Fagan&quot;

===''FAIRHALL''===

* [[/Allen Fairhall|Fairhall, Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZB3-PKT] – 1909(NSW)-2006(NSW) – Licences: 2KB Newcastle (Hamilton, 1928–1929; New Lambton, 1930–1931; Cooks Hill, 1933–1934; City, 1935; Cooks Hill, 1937; City, 1938–1939; Hamilton, 1946–1961; City, 1965-1980+); 2AKL Paterson (1948–1958) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 391, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 23, 1930 – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor 2KO Newcastle; WW2 – Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Lambton, 1931–1932); manager (Newcastle, 1933–1949); primary producer (Trevallyn, 1954); M.H.R. (Newcastle, 1958); member of parliament (Newcastle, 1963–1968); manager (Newcastle, 1972–1980) - Links: [[w:Allen Fairhall|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/fairhall-sir-allen-366 Obituaries Australia]

===''FAIRWEATHER''===

* [[/Jack Cromwell Fairweather|Fairweather, Jack Cromwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-BZZ] - 1918(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2FV Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1938); 5FV Adelaide (St Peters, 1947; Kilkenny, 1948); 2AIF Broken Hill (1954-1955); 4FF Gold Coast (Labrador, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1491, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); builder (Southport, Qld, 1958-1968; Labrador, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''FALCONER''===

* [[/Charles Illman Falconer|Falconer, Charles Illman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZK9-PJ6] – 1885(Vic)-1962(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923–1924); 3CF Melbourne (East Malvern, 1925–1926; Canterbury, 1927; Surrey Hills, 1931–1939, 1946–1954); 2AUF Terrigal (1955–1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 204, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1909); mechanic (Fitzroy, Vic, 1914); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1915–1949); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1958–1963)

===''FALKENBERG''===

* [[/Brian Falkenberg|Falkenberg, Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WCW-6WS] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Byaduk (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1706, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Branxholme, Vic, 1935-1942; Byaduk, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Byaduk, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FALLOWFIELD''===

* [[/Elwyn Herbert Fallowfield|Fallowfield, Elwyn Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYHV-PWL] - 1917(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKI Taree (1938-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2182, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1943); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FALLS''===

* [[/Lyle Clifford Falls|Falls, Lyle Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLC-1VR] - 1899(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Caulfield, 1924-1925); instructor (Kew, 1926-1943)

===''FANKER''===

* [[/Eric Montague Fanker|Fanker, Eric Montague]] - 1907(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Sydney (Bondi, 1928-1929; Woollahra, 1930) as Fanker &amp; Hooker; 2HS Sydney (Woollahra, 1931-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1937; Kingsford, 1938; Kensington, 1939; Bellevue Hill, 1946-1961; Vaucluse, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1077, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Paddington, NSW, 1930-1933; Nithsdale, NSW, 1935; Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963)

===''FANNING''===

* Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred – see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred (Fanning)

===''FANSHAWE''===

* [[/Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Fanshawe, Arthur Dalrymple]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7D-QY6] – 1847(Eng)-1936(Eng) – Admiral of UK Fleet, Commander-in-Chief Australia Station – Links: [[w:Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Wikipedia]]

===''FARMER''===

* [[/Maxwell George Farmer|Farmer, Maxwell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG1-SHR] - 1916(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5GF Adelaide (Knoxville, 1933-1939; North Norwood, 1947-1948; Adelaide City, 1954-1956; Plympton, 1960-1980+); 5GY Portable Adelaide (Knoxville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1217, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Percival Moore Farmer|Farmer, Percival Moore &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-3K5] - 1888(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT12, 1914 - radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Beecroft, NSW, 1930-1943); engineer (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''FARRELL''===

* [[/John Howard Farrell|Farrell, John Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-CJT] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4WJ Brisbane Windsor, 1933-1939; Chermside, 1946-1948); 4WJ Quilpie (1954-1960); 4WJ Somerset Dam (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1103, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Chermside, 1943-1949; Quilpie, 1954-1958); superintendent (Somerset Dam, 1963-1972)

===''FAUL''===

* [[/Albert Harold Faul|Faul, Albert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTD-S74] – 1907(NSW)-1979(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923–1924); 3AH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926–1927) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 288, 1926, Vic – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) – Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1931–1934); lecturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bellevue Hill, Vic, 1936–1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); company director (Killara, NSW, 1949–1977)

===''FAULKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Faulkner|Faulkner, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-M7Z] - 1916(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3EE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1886, 1937, Vic; COCP2 806, 1944; COCP1 833, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1942); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); retailer (Burwood South, Vic, 1963-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FAULKS''===

* [[/Richard Wollas Faulks|Faulks, Richard Wollas &quot;Wol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCD3-BQ3] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2WF Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1931; Hurlstone Park, 1933; Canterbury, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 557, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator;, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Ashfield, NSW, 1930; Canterbury, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''FAULL''===

* [[/Albert Edwin Faull|Faull, Albert Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2TH-TH4] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EF Warracknabeal (1937-1939; 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1918, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''FAWKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Pascoe Robert Fawkner|Fawkner, Ernest Pascoe Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYB-YKW] - 1901(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: manager (Kings Meadows, 1928); furniture manufacturer (South Launceston, 1936)

===''FAYLE''===

* [[/Bernard John Fayle|Fayle, Bernard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SJ-7GF] - 1914(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3IW Melbourne (Burnley, 1936-1939, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1617, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1936-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954-1968; Nunawading, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FEENAGHTY''===

* [[/Leo Michael John Feenaghty|Feenaghty, Leo Michael John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYG2-RMT] - 1900(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4LJ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 291, 1926, No. 28 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator; state public servant - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, 1925-1931); assistant secretary (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); public servant (Highgate Hill, 1963); retired (Isle of Capri, 1972-1980)

===''FEENEY''===

* [[/Percy Gilbert Feeney|Feeney, Percy Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR8-DZG] - 1907(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2AKX Sydney (Mascot, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2187, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''FELDMAN''===

* [[/John Frederick Feldman|Feldman, John Frederick Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNZ-5DH] - 1905(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3QH Receive Geelong (South Geelong, 1923-1924); 3QH Geelong (South Geelong, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 140, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Geelong, Vic, 1928-1937); turner (Richmond, Vic, 1942); bricklayer (Newtown, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''FELL''===

* [[/Evan Frederick Fell|Fell, Evan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH4-FTW] - 1914(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1932-1939); 4EF Barcaldine (1946-1948); 4EF Mackay (1954-1955); 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1956; Bardon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 978, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 175, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (inspector); property developer - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1943); engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Mackay, Qld, 1954); public servant (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977)

===''FELLS''===

* [[/L. C. Fells|Fells, L. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FELTON''===

* [[/William Robert Felton|Felton, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M5-C2J] - 1897(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2RF Sydney (Petersham, 1927-1929; Belmore, 1930-1939, 1946-1956); 2RT? Sydney (Kogarah, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 366, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1914-1919, Desertion) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Belmore, 1930-1934); engineer (Belmore, 1936-1937); soldier (Belmore, 1943); radio technician (Belmore, 1949-1954)

===''FENTON''===

* [[/Arthur Stanley George Fenton|Fenton, Arthur Stanley George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-WK7] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 2VM Sydney (Artarmon, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1663, 1936, NSW; COCP2 214, 1939; COCP1 297, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1968); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FERGUSON''===

* [[/Bernard Malcolm Ferguson|Ferguson, Bernard Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZN-T43] - 1909(Vic)-2006(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3FN Nathalia (1935-1937); 3FN Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939; West Preston, 1947-1969; Glenroy, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1428, 1935, Vic; COCP1 737, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cressy, Vic, 1943); airman (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Glenroy, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Colin Angus Ferguson|Ferguson, Colin Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DH-9KM] - 1917(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5CJ Mt Gambier (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1994, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Cyril E. Ferguson|Ferguson, Cyril E.]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - commercial operator (1COCP 2, 1914, No. 2 in Aus) - coastal station operator?

* [[/Eric Birger Ferguson|Ferguson, Eric Birger or Berger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLW-KFJ] - 1907(NSW)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2BP Hazelbrook (1932-1935); 3BD Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947; East Melbourne, 1948); 3KF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1021, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Kandos, NSW, 1930); clerk (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1933-1937); technician (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/John Ferguson|Ferguson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FJ Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1934; Waverley, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2FJ Saratoga (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 915, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified (common surname &amp; only one given name) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FERRALL''===

* [[/Edgar Walter Cecil Ferrall|Ferrall, Edgar Walter Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMF-G97] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Launceston, 1919-1949); inspector (Kingston Beach, 1954)

===''FERRICKS''===

* [[/Michael Bernard Ferricks|Ferricks, Michael Bernard &quot;Bernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58X-S4X] - 1914(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4UW Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1471, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); chemist (Northgate, Qld, 1949-1977); retired (Cairns, Qld, 1980)

===''FERRIE''===

* [[/Ronald Joseph Ferrie|Ferrie, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-HW3] - 1909(Eng)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2CV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Paddington, 1938-1939; Lane Cove, 1946-1955; North Ryde, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 234, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Edgecliff, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1936; Glenmore, NSW, 1937); sound engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); retailer (Ryde, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FERRIS''===

* [[/Colin Thomas Ferris|Ferris, Colin Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2N-B25] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Ringtail (1960); 4TW Bundaberg (1965); 4TW Gladstone (1975); 4TW Brisbane (Taigum, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2246, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ringtail via Pomona, Qld, 1949-1958); boiler attendant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972); engine driver (Taigum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''FESSENDEN''===

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Fessenden|Fessenden, Reginald Aubrey &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZN4-DHN] - 1866(Canada)-1932(Bermuda) - Licences: Nil yet identified (International) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (International) - pioneer wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Biography/Fessenden-Builder-of-Tomorrow-Fessenden-1940.pdf Biographical Book]

===''FIEDLER''===

* [[/Leslie Victor Fiedler|Fiedler, Leslie Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHNW-3JZ] - 1906(SA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 5SL Adelaide (Woodville, 1927-1933), 5SL Moonta (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 353, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Henley, 1939-1943); theatre manager (Belmont, 1949); film exhibitor (Mt Lawley, 1958); company director (Mt Lawley, 1963-1968)

===''FIELD''===

* [[/Clifford John Field|Field, Clifford John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJL-RC2] - 1912(ACT)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KF Katoomba (1934-1937); 2KF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1410, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound operator (Katoomba, NSW, 1934-1935); operator (Leichhardt, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1972; Five Dock, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henry Lindsay Field|Field, John Henry Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRT7-KM3] - 1918(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AKF Warbreccan Station, Deniliquin (1938-1939, 1946-1980); 2AQF Fallonville Station, Deniliquin (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2163, 1938, NSW; COCP2 476, 1941; COCP1 527, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Warbreccan, NSW, 1943-1949; Fallonville, NSW, 1954-1963; Warbreccan, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ralph William Field|Field, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-Q5T] - 1915(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939; Ormond, 1946-1948); 3LJ Melbourne (Ormond, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 599, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Caulfield, Vic, 1937); machinist (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''FIETZ''===

* [[/Arthur Allan Fietz|Fietz, Arthur Allan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J6-TX1] - 1914(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2QE Albury (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1316, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); garage proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FILES''===

* [[/Jack Crawford Files|Files, Jack Crawford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-JWJ] - 1907(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4JF Brisbane (Buranda, 1932-1935; Coorparoo, 1936-1939; Buranda 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1055, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, QSL manager); journalist (Teleradio, WIA Notes); accountant - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1931-1934; Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943-1963)

===''FILMER''===

* [[/Le Roy Drowley Filmer|Filmer, Le Roy Drowley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNF-2Z7] - 1902(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Newcastle (Toronto, 1925-1930; Hamilton South, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 148, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1930); chemist (Hamilton, NSW, 1935-1937); metallurgist (Toronto, NSW, 1943); chemist (Speer's Point, NSW, 1949-1954); superintendant (Toronto North, NSW, 1963); retired (Toronto North, NSW, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2FT - Le Roy Drowley Filmer&quot;

===''FINCH''===

* [[/Alan Edward Finch|Finch, Alan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M4-987] - 1915(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 7CJ Launceston (Mowbray Heights, 1935-1939); 7CJ Hobart (New Town, 1946-1954); 7CJ Kelso (1955-1956); 3AEO Shepparton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1575, 191935, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (St Leonards, 1936-1937); mechanic (New Town, 1943-1954); public servant (Radio Australia, Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Shepparton, 1972)

===''FINLAYSON''===

* [[/Frank Finlayson|Finlayson, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDT-115] - 1911(???)-2002(NSW)90yo - Licences: 2ADG Sydney (Broadmeadow, 1936-1939); 2FC Wallsend (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1722, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''FINN''===

* [[/Leonard Warren Finn|Finn, Leonard Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2K-4P6] - 1914(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5SP Adelaide (Seaton Park, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1671, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Seaton Park, SA, 1939-1943)

===''FINNEY''===

* [[/William Finney|Finney, William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-W2H] - 1881(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AU Brisbane (Red Hill, 1923-1925); 4WF Brisbane (Red Hill, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 845, 1925; 2COCP 307, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Red Hill, 1903-1905); telegraphist (New Farm, 1908; Newmarket, 1909; Red Hill, 1913-1937; East Nundah, 1949; Wooloowin, 1954)

===''FINNIGAN''===

* [[/Henry Mildura Finnigan|Finnigan, Henry Mildura]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNK-2QT] - 1908(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3PX Mildura (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3PX St Arnaud (1954-1956); 3PW St Arnaud (1960); 3PX St Arnaud (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1618, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1937; Stawell, Vic, 1949); clerk (St Arnaud, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FIRMINGER''===

* [[/Ronald Mortimer Firminger|Firminger, Ronald Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWS-BLK] - 1889(???)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XJAQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3TL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur Receiver; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1919); stationer (East Malvern, Vic, 1924); nil (Sandringham, Vic, 1925); cafe proprietor (Belgrave, Vic, 1928-1936); confectioner (Warburton, Vic, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Albury, NSW, 1949)

===''FISHER''===

* [[/Alan Wilbur Fisher|Fisher, Alan Wilbur or Wilbur Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G21Q-K1W] - 1915(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969; Reservoir, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1644, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968; Reservoir, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Douglas Hugh Fisher|Fisher, Douglas Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD15-N13] - 1913(Vic)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7AB Launceston (1934-1939); 7AB Burnie (1946-1948); 7AB Devonport (1954-1955); 7AB Lenah Valley (1956); 7AB Zeehan (1960); 7AB Oatlands (1965-1969; 7AB Claremont (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1373, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 7ZEE Neville Grant Fisher - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1936); bank clerk (Launceston, 1937; Burnie, 1943-1949; Devonport, 1954)

===''FISK''===

* [[/Ernest Thomas Fisk|Fisk, Ernest Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS5-XLQ] - 1886(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EF Sydney (Lindfield, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualified) - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio operator; broadcast and radiocommunications business proprietor (AWA); operated prior to 1933 under various AWA callsigns; 2MC in 1928 was licensed to his residence at Vaucluse - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); director (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Gordon, NSW, 1934-1943); consultant (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2EF - Ernest Thomas Fisk&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fisk-sir-ernest-thomas-6177 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198906.pdf EA1]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198907.pdf EA2]

===''FITCHETT''===

* [[/John Campbell Fitchett|Fitchett, John Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-K7W] - 1900(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDM Melbourne (Balwyn, 1913-1914); 3BL Melbourne (Balwyn, 1922-1925; Brighton, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 609, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Too young); WW2 (Not applicable) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Brighton, Vic, 1928-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;XJDM-3BL - John Campbell Fitchett&quot;

===''FITTELL''===

*[[/Stephen Luther Fittell|Fittell, Stephen Luther &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCN9-KRT] - 1910(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JO Gympie (1929-1939); 4YF Gympie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 487, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 280, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; member radio club (WIAQ, Gympie ARC); commercial broadcaster (4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Gympie, 1937); radio dealer (Gympie, 1943-1980)

===''FITZALAN''===

* [[/Herbert Albini Lawrence Fitzalan|Fitzalan, Herbert Albini Lawrence &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1951(Qld) - 4HF Brisbane?, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, Halcyon (not mentioned)

===''FITZGERALD''===

* [[/Eric Francis Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84F-Z7H] - 1907(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2EA Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1928-1929; Burwood, 1930-1931; Pagewood, 1931; Abbotsford, 1931; Bellevue Hill, 1933-1937; Waverley, 1938-1939); 2AAO Sydney (Chatswood, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 467, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/Patrick Michael Anthony Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Patrick Michael Anthony &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G33Q-6K9] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PF Rockhampton (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1802, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930); public servant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1968); clerk (Corinda, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Emu Park, Qld, 1980)

===''FITZGIBBONS''===

* [[/Richard John Fitzgibbons|Fitzgibbons, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-QPG] - 1893(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4DV Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fitter (Maryborough, Qld, 1916-1919); engine fitter (Ascot, Qld, 1921-1968)

===''FITZMAURICE''===

* [[/James Simcoe Fitzmaurice|Fitzmaurice, James Simcoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-KCF] - 1861(Vic)-1934(SA) - Licences: XYB Perth (1913-1914); 5FT Adelaide (North Walkerville, 1923-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (State Engineer, WA &amp; SA); MIEE, AMIEE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1914-1916)

===''FITZPATRICK''===

* [[/William Patrick Fitzpatrick|Fitzpatrick, William Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH1P-T1B] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3WF Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 876, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1934-1942); radio engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968); PMG (Nunawading, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FITZSIMMONS''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Fitzsimmons|Fitzsimmons, Raymond Harold or Harold Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTZ-2N9] - 1917(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3FI Horsham (1947-1955); 3FI Shepparton (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1885, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FITZSIMONS''===

* [[/Hilary Blanchard Fitzsimons|Fitzsimons, Hilary Blanchard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-NMN] - 1918(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980+); 3ARZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2118, 1938, Vic; BOCP 332, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1943); technician (Auburn, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FLAHERTY''===

* [[/Gordon Thomas Holm Flaherty|Flaherty, Gordon Thomas Holm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Q2-C9T] - 1900(Vic)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CB Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: postman (South Brisbane, 1922); telephone mechanic (Buranda, 1925; Coorparoo, 1928); mechanic (Camp Hill, 1936; Beaudesert, 1937-1943); technician (Camp Hill, 1949-1963)

===''FLETCHER''===

* [[/Austin Fletcher|Fletcher, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKQ-2QR] - 1891(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 128, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Roebourne, 1913); radio operator (Esperance, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Roebourne, 1917-1918); telegraphist (Oakleigh, 1921)

* [[/R. I. Fletcher|Fletcher, R. I.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIJ Sydney (Woollahra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FLOOD''===

* [[/Arthur George Flood|Flood, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BF-HPG] - 1883(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 238, 1916; 2COCP 415, 1932; 1COCP 348, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIL Flinders Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Emita, Flinders Island, Tas, 1914-1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1925; Meeandah, Qld, 1928; Eagle Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Cooktown, Qld, 1943); retired (Cairns, 1954-1958; Eventide Home, Charters Towers, 1963)

* [[/John Spencer Flood|Flood, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23T-S71] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YS Sydney (Granville, 1937-1938); 2YS Newcastle (Waratah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 227, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balmain, NSW, 1933); constable (Harris Park, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943; Adamstown, NSW, 1949; Police Wireless Station, Waratah, NSW, 1949-1954; Lambton, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Francis Joseph Flood|Flood, Reginald Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-K1D] - 1913(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Penshurst, 1938-1939; Blakehurst, 1946-1961; Bexley, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1609, 1936, NSW; BOCP 439, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2EI Lindsay John Payne West - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1937; Penshurst, NSW, 1937; Blakehurst, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Bexley, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''FOGG''===

* [[/Hugh Lillico Fogg|Fogg, Hugh Lillico]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-KRZ] - 1900(Tas)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6HF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1939); 5HF Mt Barker (1947-1948); 3AHF Benalla (1954-1960); 6HF Perth (Inglewood, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 787, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1931); clerk (Maylands, WA, 1936); bank officer (Maylands, WA, 1943); manager (ANZ Bank, Benalla, Vic, 1954); retired (Inglewood, WA, 1963-1972)

===''FOLDI''===

* [[/John Rollo Foldi|Foldi, John Rollo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB2-FCV] - 1904(Sct)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 4KT Port Moresby, Papua (1933); 9KT Daru, Papua (1947-1948); 9KT Port Moresby, Papua (1954); 9KT Rabaul, New Guinea (1955-1960); 2BKT Sydney (Avalon, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (Civil), 1963 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Avalon, NSW, 1968)

===''FOLEY''===

* [[/Henry James Bartholomew Foley|Foley, Henry James Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QZ-5SV] - 1886(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Sydney (Randwick, 1911) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1913); merchant (Drummoyne, 1930-1954)

* [[/Joseph Patrick James Foley|Foley, Joseph Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYS1-719] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RQ Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1936); 2RQ Port Hacking (1937-1939); 2RQ Sydney (Erskineville, 1947-1950); 2RQ Blakehurst (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 955, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1930; Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1934; Port Hacking, NSW, 1937); electrical contractor (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943; Blakehurst, NSW, 1949-1963); contractor (Blakehurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FOLIE''===

* [[/Max Ulrich Francis Folie|Folie, Max Ulrich Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-Y7F] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3WZ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1933); 3GZ Mildura (1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 682, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Auburn, 1931); radio engineer (Mildura, 1934-1968)

===''FONTAINE''===

* [[/Louis Alfred Fontaine|Fontaine, Louis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-L2V] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XJB Melbourne (Prahran, 1913-1914); 3FQ Melbourne (Armadale, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1914, No. 3 in Aus and Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RANRS; coastal wireless operator (VIG, Port Moresby, 1915-1918); - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Wyndham, 1918; Geraldton, 1922; Thursday Island, 1934-1936); telegraphist (St Kilda, 1937); radio telegraphist (Malvern, 1942); electrician (Camberwell, 1949)

===''FOORD''===

* [[/Raymond Archibald Foord|Foord, Raymond Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K871-416] - 1909(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1819, 1936, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949))

* [[/Thomas Gellibrand Foord|Foord, Thomas Gellibrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBNV-H9G]  - 1890(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: XJEL Melbourne (Gardiner, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1919; Malvern East, Vic, 1921-1949); not stated (Dromana, Vic, 1954)

===''FOOT''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Samuel Foot|Foot, Ernest Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-H6B] - 1915(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3EH Melbourne (Balwyn, 1936-1939; West Brunswick, 1947-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+); 3AFY Melbourne (Rosebud, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1704, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); wool presser (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Boronia, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/George Foot|Foot, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BT-FVF] - 1878(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 36, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (South Yarra, 1915; St Kilda, 1916-1917); RAN (Balaclava, 1919); tobacconist (Sandringham, 1925); manager (Prahran, 1937); clerk (St Kilda, 1942); retired (Dandenong, 1949-1954)

===''FORD''===

* [[/Robert Ford|Ford, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4Y-WZ8] - 1916(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1928, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous RFs - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); agent (Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); valuer (Templestowe Lower, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FORECAST''===

* [[/Arthur Mark Llewllyn Forecast|Forecast, Arthur Mark Llewllyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HPS-H18] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1931; St Kilda, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; The Basin, 1954-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 279, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 141, 1934; BOCP 156, 1938; 1COCP 245, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Malvern, 1925-1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1931-1934); biograph operator (Caulfield East, 1937-1942; Glenhuntley, 1949); projectionist (The Basin, 1963-1972); retired (Ferntree Gully, 1977; Knoxfield, 1980)

===''FOREMAN''===

* [[/Edgar Graham Foreman|Foreman, Edgar Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD95-36X] - 1908(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4GF Ayr (1935-1939); 4GF Townsville (North Ward, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1577, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanton Hill, Qld, 1930); salesman (Ayr, Qld, 1934-1937); procurement specialist (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1954-1968); proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Richard Maynard Foreman|Foreman, Richard Maynard]] - 1915(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1937-1939); 2DKG Sydney (Vaucluse, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1870, 1937, Vic; BOCP 187, 1938; 2COCP 223, 1939; 1COCP 293, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1936-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1943; Cairns, Qld, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FORMAN''===

* [[/William Arthur David Forman|Forman, William Arthur David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPB-439] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 9WF Patrol Vessel Eros, Rabaul (1938); 9WF M. V. Erica, Lae (1947); 2WF Sydney (Manly, 1948; Beacon Hill, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 534, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: navigator (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1935); shipmaster (Manly, NSW, 1943-1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1949-1963; Brookvale, NSW, 1972)

===''FORREST''===

* [[/John Forrest|Forrest, John]] - 1847(WA)-1918(???) - state politician, senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1901, 17 days)

===''FORSHAW''===

* [[/Charles Joseph Forshaw|Forshaw, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-783] - 1895(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJDA Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914); V736 Receive Hamilton (1922); 3GQ Receive Hamilton (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Myrtleford, 1917); clerk (Oakleigh, 1924-1937; Gardiner, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949; Glenhuntly, 1954)

===''FORSTER''===

* [[/John Charles Forster|Forster, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHK-ZTZ] - 1901(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CI Receive Korbel (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Korbel, WA, 1925-1949; Scarborough, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Scarborough, WA, 1977)

* [[/Milton Melrose Forster|Forster, Milton Melrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY9W-2G8] - 1911(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1383, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 237, 1935; COCP2 117, 1937; COCP1 162, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/628398 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701807 AWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=72811 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''FORSYTH''===

* [[/Royce Arthur Forsyth|Forsyth, Royce Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1R-3S5] - 1917(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1637, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Launceston, 1943); teacher (Hobart North, 1944); schoolteacher (Bellerive, 1949-1972)

===''FORSYTHE''===

* [[/Leonard Edgar Forsythe|Forsythe, Leonard Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBY-MTR] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2BF Receive Sydney (Northbridge, 1922); 2BF Sydney (Northbridge, 1922-1929; Drummoyne, 1930-1933; Snapper Island, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 40, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: flagmaker (Northbridge, 1930-1949); department manager (Drummoyne, 1958); ship's chandler (Drummoyne, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BF - Leonard Edgar Forsythe&quot;

===''FORTESCUE''===

* [[/Charles Fortescue|Fortescue, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD8X-GQ7] - 1893(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Toowoomba (1922-1924); 4CF Toowoomba (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Army, CMF, Colonel); WW2; jeweller - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Toowoomba, 1913-1958); nil (Toowoomba, 1963-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;4GE-4CF - Charles Fortescue&quot;

===''FORWOOD''===

* [[/Walter Reginald Brendan Forwood|Forwood, Walter Reginald Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSN-3T8] - 1908(SA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Torrensville, 1923); 2XL Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931); 2BZ Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931; Mosman, 1933-1935) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 965, 1927 (Spark) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972)

===''FOSTER''===

* [[/Ernest John Foster|Foster, Ernest John &quot;Ernie&quot;]] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - 4BY Brisbane, amateur operator (no record of AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), broadcast engineer (4MB, 4BU), military (WW2, RAAF)

* [[/James Foster|Foster, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2Z-27G] - 1915(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5TX Adelaide (North Kensington, 1933-1939); 5LU Adelaide (Dulwich, 1947-1948; Oaklands, 1954-1965; Marion, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1140, 1933, SA; 1COCP 1046, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Frewville, SA, 1943)

* [[/Norman Cecil Foster|Foster, Norman Cecil &quot;Norm&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87W-KYM] - 1896(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XAF Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: solderer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937; Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1954); sheet metal worker (Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Quintin John Foster|Foster, Quintin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3VG-LQD] - 1915(Qld)-1998(Egypt) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2197, 1938, Qld; COCP1 1025, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1511464 AWM OBE 1967] - Electoral Rolls: mailman (Grantham, Qld, 1936-1937); warrant officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Lyneham, ACT, 1963; Macquarie, ACT, 1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10114802 AWM]

===''FOURRO''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Fourro|Fourro, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4D1-YRR] - 1906(NZ)-1978(ACT) - Licences: 2VF Corowa (1930-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 703, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 165, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Narrandera, 1930); telephone mechanic (Corowa, 1931-1935); wireless mechanic (Corowa, 1936); mechanic (Brighton-le-Sands, 1937); foreman mechanic (2CY Canberra, 1943-1954); supervising technician (2BA Bega, 1958-1963); technician (Merimbula, 1968-1972)

===''FOWLES''===

* [[/Gordon Malcolm Fowles|Fowles, Gordon Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H2-RC9] - 1911(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1931); 3AMF Melbourne (Wheeler's Hill, 1948-1960; Avonsleigh, 1965-1969); 3AMF Cowes (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 490, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Albert Park, 1943; Hamilton, 1949); farmer (Avonsleigh, 1968); retired (Cowes, 1972)

===''FOX''===

* [[/Arthur Fox|Fox, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4Y-WZQ] - 1908(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2KP Sydney (Rose Bay, 1931-1939, 1946-1954; Caringbah, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 794, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1954); electrical contractor (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/William George Fox|Fox, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BY-J5Z] - 1886(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 106, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Comment: several contemporaneous WG Fox; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FOXCROFT''===

* [[/Allan Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQS-K5P] - 1921(WA)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 6AF Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939); 3AE Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1859, 1937, WA; 1COCP 506, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Gordon Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-KQK] - 1917(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3UQ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1947; Northcote, 1948-1969); 3BNF Melbourne (Viewbank, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2277, 1939, Vic; COCP2 622, 1942; BOCP 623, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Nephew of 2AKG Norman Howard Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: assurance superintendent (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1968); proprietor (Heidelberg, Vic, 1972; Viewbank, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Howard Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJDK-6FY] - 1896(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 830, 1924; COCP2 203, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Uncle of 3UQ-3BNF Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); clerk (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1937; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''FRAME''===

* [[/Vivian Horace Frame|Frame, Vivian Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ1-4QT] - 1899(Qld)-1959(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Mareeba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman ( Brisbane City, Qld); public works officer (Mareeba, Qld, 1922); architect (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925-1928; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1937; Virginia, Qld, 1949-1954; Norman Park, Qld, 1958)

===''FRANCIS''===

* [[/John William Francis|Francis, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHW-WHZ] - 1907(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Broken Hill (1936-1939); 2OF Parkes (1946-1947); 2OF Doonside (1948-1956); 2OF Euchareena (1957-1961); 2BQH Sydney (Rockside, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1753, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1933-1934); mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); postmaster (Doonside, NSW, 1949-1958); no occupation (Molong, NSW, 1963)

===''FRANK''===

* [[/Kendall Thomas Frank|Frank, Kendall Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-TGZ] - 1904(WA)-1951(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 921, 1926; 2COCP 289, 1930; 1COCP 64, 1935 - ship wireless operator (AWA), coastal wireless operator, amateur operator?, broadcast engineer (4PM) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lakemba, 1943) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/frank-kendall-thomas-10236 ADB]

===''FRANKLIN''===

* [[/John Percival Franklin|Franklin, John Percival]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-1HZ] - 1922(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALP Sydney (North Sydney, 1939; Cammeray, 1946; North Sydney, 1947-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1958); 2ALP Umina (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2263, 1939, NSW; COCP3 3713, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949-1958); engineer (Umina, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''FRANZI''===

* [[/William Ronald Franzi|Franzi, William Ronald &quot;Bill&quot; (formerly Emilio Stefan)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG2-WYP] - 1909(Italy)-1994(SA) - Licences: 4FR Atherton (1938-1939); 5FR Adelaide (Da Costa Park, 1946-1965; Glenelg East, 1969-1975); 5VK American Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2192, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (IREE); military (RAAF); employment (radio technician); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FRASER''===

* [[/Albert Fraser|Fraser, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17H-PZW] - 1899(Sct)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3NG Redcliffs (1947-1948); 3NG Melbourne (Mentone, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2169, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: horticulturist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949); boilermaker (Mentone, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/James Douglas Fraser|Fraser, James Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NS-MQ3] - 1900(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Quirindi (1930-1935) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 637, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quirindi, 1930-1943); engineer (Picton, 1949-1954)

* [[/John Henry Fraser|Fraser, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WY-NZK] - 1915(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2AFJ Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938; North Sydney, 1939; Pymble, 1950; St Ives, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1821, 1936, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 84, 1936; COCP1 132, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (St Ives, NSW, 1977); farmer (Colo Heights, NSW, 1980)

* [[/H. Fraser|Fraser, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 2JC Tamworth (1924-1925), amateur operator (no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Henry George Fraser|Fraser, Henry George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 1001, 1932, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, at least two HGF engineers

* [[/Noel Roderick Fraser|Fraser, Noel Roderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTQ-LCK] - 1933(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (circa 1950) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (West Ryde, NSW, 1958); chemist (Turramurra South, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FRAZER''===

* [[/A. G. Frazer|Frazer, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914); 3PZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Edward Frazer|Frazer, Charles Edward &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6T-55R] - 1880(Vic)-1913(Vic) - politician (Postmaster-General, 1911-1913)

* [[/Charles John Frazer|Frazer, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVJK-8KJ] - 1882(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XIB Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Camperdown, 1903) - Comment: Identification needs to be checked

===''FREE''===

* [[/George Bertram Free|Free, George Bertram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR76-G3R] - 1907(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2IT Sydney (Willoughby, 1936-1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in R.A.N.) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); naval rating (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1943); insurance inspector (Canterbury, NSW, 1949; Belmore, NSW, 1949); taxi cab proprietor (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''FREEMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Freeman|Freeman, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZL-4F7] - 19??(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Burwood, 1929-1939; Ashfield, 1946-1958; Cheltenham, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 544, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: packer (Newtown, 1930-1931; East Sydney, 1933-1935); engineer (Burwood, 1936-1937; Ashfield, 1943-1958; Cheltenham, 1963-1968) - individual not fully identified

* [[/ John Eric Leslie Freeman|Freeman,  John Eric Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHJ-1CM] - 1905(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1576, 1935, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933-1937); mechanic (Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954; Hamilton, NSW, 1958)

* [[/L. Freeman|Freeman, L.]] - 18??-19?? - Licences: XQB Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FREESTONE''===

* [[/Leslie Roy Freestone|Freestone, Leslie Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-NB5] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Ballarat (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Ballarat, 1916-1920); commercial traveller (Ballarat, 1921-1936); traveller (Brighton, 1937-1954); nil (Geelong, 1977-1980)

===''FREMLIN''===

* [[/Kenneth Fremlin|Fremlin, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K69J-CHK] - 1899(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: XACQ Sydney (Newtown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 227, 1937 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1937; Control Station, Goulburn, NSW, 1943-1958); civil servant (Bundanoon, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''FRETTEN''===

* [[/O'Della Paul Fretten|Fretten, O'Della Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-BQH] - 1894(Eng)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 2RU Sydney (Concord, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 460, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930; Strathfield, 1933); foreman (Lane Cove, 1936-1937); public servant (St Kilda, 1943); cafe proprietor (Melbourne, 1949); sales manager (St Kilda, 1963); instructor (Brighton, 1967-1968); retired (Malvern East, 1972; Fitzroy North, 1977)

===''FREW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Samuel Vernon Frew|Frew, Geoffrey Samuel Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-ZC1] - 1909(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3PM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PL Melbourne (Brighton, 1960); 3JK Melbourne (Brighton, 1969); 3PM Melbourne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 402, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 66, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1933); manager (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1943; Brighton, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''FRIAR''===

* [[/Archibald Owen Friar|Friar, Archibald Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4LQ-LGV] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AO Ulmarra (1929-1931); 2AO Grafton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 504, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Ulmarra, 1930-1937); garage proprietor (South Grafton, 1943-1963)

===''FROGLEY''===

* [[/Gerard James Frogley|Frogley, Gerard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7K7-JNM] - 1902(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Richmond, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 240, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (East Melbourne, 1924); battery mechanic (Richmond, 1925-1931)

===''FROMHOLTZ''===

* [[/Cedric Atherton Fromholtz|Fromholtz, Cedric Atherton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM5F-P6W] - 1910(Qld)-1993(Tas) - Licences: 3UY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 843, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1937; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); cashier (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''FRY''===

* [[/Alfred Turner Fry|Fry, Alfred Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRX-2SL] - 1881(NSW)-1928(Vic) - Licences: 7BG Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Ballarat, 1917; Queenstown, Tas, 1919-1922; Sandringham, 1924-1927)

* [[/Reginald Hall Fry|Fry, Reginald Hall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-9WN] - 1891(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2KC Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2KC Sydney (Croydon, 1922-1929; Killara, 1930-1933); 2KC Parkes (1934); 2KC Goulburn (1935-1936); 2KC Wollongong (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 86, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1914-1919, Sapper, 2nd Signal Troop; Australian Flying Corps); apprentice (Railway Workshops) - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Gordon, 1930; Killara, 1933; Goulburn, 1935-1936; Wollongong, 1937; Killara, 1943-1968); engineer (Killara, 1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2KC - Reginald Hall Fry&quot;

===''FRYAR''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Luxton Fryar|Fryar, Charles Frederick Luxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-DX1] - 1909(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2NP Sydney (Gladesville, 1933-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1179, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''FRYER''===

* [[/Keith Norman Fryer|Fryer, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KH-TZ8] - 1906(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 2KF Sydney (Suspension Bridge, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 332, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1934; North Sydney, 1936; Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''FULCHER''===

* [[/J. Fulcher|Fulcher, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, (Halcyon, P. 4)

===''FULLER''===

* [[/Harold Sydney Fuller|Fuller, Harold Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-1WQ] - 1914(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HF Melbourne (Essendon, 1932-1939); 3HF Warrnambool (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 877, 1932, Vic; BOCP 96, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Hugh John Maesmore Fuller|Fuller, Hugh John Maesmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMX-2MS] - 1915(NSW)-2006(Eng) - Licences: 2VK Albury (1935-1939, 1947-1950 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 36, 1935; COCP1 63, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943)

===''FULTON''===

* [[/William Augustus Fulton|Fulton, William Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSC-N4P] - 1910(Vic)-1997(WA) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Canterbury, 1934-1939; Alphington, 1947; North Balwyn, 1948; Canterbury, 1954-1956); 6FX Perth (South Perth, 1960; Como, 1965-1969; Victoria Park, 1975; Menora, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1366, 1934, Vic; TVOCP 170, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); airman (Alphington, Vic, 1942); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); public servant (Como, WA, 1963-1968; Mt Lawley, Vic, 1972; Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980); retired (Menora, WA, 1980)

===''FURNEAUX''===

* [[/Edgar Frank Furneaux|Furneaux, Edgar Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQR-7DN] - 1912(Eng)-1991(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1307, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Waikerie, SA, 1939); mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943)

===''FURZE''===

* [[/John Alan Richard Furze|Furze, John Alan Richard, &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G584-NR6] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HF Sydney (Manly, 1933-1936; Seaforth, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Beecroft, 1948-1950; Killara, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 424, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Seaforth, NSW, 1936-1943); airline pilot (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); pilot (Killara, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''FUSSELL''===

* [[/Robert Maxwell Fussell|Fussell, Robert Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGT7-XVY] - 1910(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2SS Sydney (Naremburn, 1934-1936; Willoughby, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1260, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: packer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931; Naremburn, NSW, 1935); storeman (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); court keeper (Albury, NSW, 1943)

===''FYSH''===

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNP-534] - 1835(Eng)-1919(Tas) - state politician (MLC Tas, 1860s through 1890s; MHA Tas 1870s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1903-1904) - Relationships: grandfather of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YS-4ZR] - 1897(Tas)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7PF Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 128, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Launceston Radio Experimenters' Club, WIA Launceston); WW2 - Relationships: grandson of Philip Oakley Fysh, federal Postmaster-General 1903-1904 - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Launceston, 1922-1954)

=='''G'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''GABBERTAS''===

* [[/Jack Gabbertas|Gabbertas, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF9C-2W7] - 1915(Eng)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Maylands, 1936-1939; Mt Hawthorn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1810, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); mechanic (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1980)

===''GADSDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden|Gadsden, Stanley Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM38-WZ2] - 1887(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3SW Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 26, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil); radio clubs (WIA Vic, Chief of Council, 1926); placed 2nd in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Kew, 1908-1915); manufacturer (Kew, 1917-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3SW - Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden&quot;

===''GALBRAITH''===

* [[/Leslie Colin Campbell Galbraith|Galbraith, Leslie Colin Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLY1-L1H] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ABD Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Edgecliffe, 1939, 1946-1948); 2ABD Bega (1950); 2ABD Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1954-1965; Bayview, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1604, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1933); director (Paddington, NSW, 1949-1963); company director (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''GALL''===

* [[/William Leslie Gall|Gall, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W5C-H3P] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XADA Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1930-1937; Bexley, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''GALLE''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Galle|Galle, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-KXN] - 1912(SA)-2008(SA)96yo - Licences: 5QR Adelaide (Prospect, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Enfield, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 834, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Jabuk, SA, 1939-1941); schoolteacher (Tailem Bend, SA, 1943)

===''GAMBLE''===

* [[/William Ray Gamble|Gamble, William Ray &quot;Ray&quot;]] - 1928(NSW)-2011(NSW) - broadcast engineer (BOCP 961, 1948), station manager, radio network principal [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/vale-ray-gamble Radio Info]

===''GAMMIE''===

* [[/Andrew Victor Gammie|Gammie, Andrew Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKYV-85N] - 1909(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2VR Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 963, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1935; Randwick, NSW, 1937-1949); engineer (Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GAMON''===

* [[/George Arthur Gamon|Gamon, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZL1-2JD] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1925-1926; Middle Park, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 89, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922-1924); University (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); manager (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); engineer (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1972; Labrador, Qld, 1977)

===''GANNON''===

* [[/Gilbert Roscoe Gannon|Gannon, Gilbert Roscoe &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5P-T61] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XCF Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914); 2LD Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1913; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); public servant (Pymble, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''GARDINER''===

* [[/Ian Donald Russell Gardiner|Gardiner, Ian Donald Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZN-QWW] - 1915(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ABY Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1610, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (Manly, NSW, 1943; Helensburgh, NSW, 1954; Ryde, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vincent Gardiner|Gardiner, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2GJ-9QS] - 1893(Eng)-1971(WA?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 248, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - ship wireless operator, instructor Marconi School of Wireless, Sydney - Electoral Rolls: agent (Jolimont, Vic, 1925; Hawthorn, Vic, 1928); company manager (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930); manufacturer (Brisbane CBD, Qld, 1931; New Farm, Qld, 1934; Centennial Park, NSW, 1935; Mosman Park, WA, 1943; Greenmount, WA, 1954-1968) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118863733 Trove Bio]

===''GARDNER''===

* [[/John Kelvin Gardner|Gardner, John Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPDD-8K8] - 1913(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3NA Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947); 3NA Warrnambool (1948-1965); 3NA Melbourne (Middle Park, 1969-1975); 3NA Cannons Creek (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1132, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous JKG - Relationships: Son of 2AN Walter Everson Gardner - Electoral Rolls: student (Ormond College, Carlton South, Vic, 1936); medical practitioner (Royal Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 1937; Warrnambool, Vic, 1949-1967; Albert Park, Vic, 1968-1977); medical officer (Cannons Creek, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Walter Everson Gardner|Gardner, Walter Everson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYN-GGD] - 1873(USA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2AN Receive Broken Hill (1922); 2AN Broken Hill (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of 3NA John Kelvin Gardner - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''GARING''===

* [[/William Henry Garing|Garing, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WV-2YG] - 1910(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 431, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: cadet (Point Cook, 1931-1934); airman (Point Cook, 1937); RAAF officer (Townsville, 1943; Point Cook, Vic, 1958; Williamtown, NSW, 1958); executive director (Turramurra, 1968); director (Turramurra, 1980)

===''GARNER''===

* [[/Alan Raymond Garner|Garner, Alan Raymond]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician! (Frankston, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harold Hugh Garner|Garner, Harold Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G13B-LDW] - 1911(Eng)-2001(NT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2135, 1938, WA; BOCP 256, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1930-1946) - Awards: Member OBE (Civil), for Principal of the Adult Education Centre, Darwin, 1969) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Harvey, WA, 1936); miner (Norseman, WA, 1937); broadcaster (Minding, WA, 1943); examiner of patents (Barton, ACT, 1949; Ainslie, ACT, 1954); education (Darwin, 1963-1972); retired (Darwin, NT, 1977)

* [[/Walter Brendon Garner|Garner, Walter Brendon or Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-1PQ] - 1896(WA)-1986(WA) - Licences: XYV Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Nedlands, WA, 1931-1937); soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943; research officer (West Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1972; West Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

===''GARNETT''===

* [[/Brian Garnett|Garnett, Brian]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4AHN Currimundi, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld),

===''GARRAN''===

* [[/Richard Randolph Garran|Garran, Richard Randolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K822-L54] - 1903(Vic)-1991(ACT) - Licences: 3AW Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1924-1925); manager (Semaphore, SA, 1941; Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GARRETT''===

* [[/Horace Benjamin Walter Garrett|Garrett, Horace Benjamin Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-9SV] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (Box Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Box Hill, 1928-1934); radio mechanic (Box Hill, 1936); salesman (Box Hill, 1943-1977)

===''GARTH''===

* [[/Reginald Garth|Garth, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DX-47Z] - 1903(Eng)-1959(Tas) - Licences: 2VZ Sydney (Coogee, 1930; Clovelly, 1931-1933; Bankstown, 1934-1936); 4VZ Mackay (1937-1939); 3SF Melbourne (Preston, 1948; Seaford, 1954); 7RG Trevallyn, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 584, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933); mechanic (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1936); electrician (Slade Point, Qld, 1937-1943; Beaconsfield, Tas, 1958)

===''GATFIELD''===

* [[/Henry Alfred Gatfield|Gatfield, Henry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSD-7Q6] - 1887(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: XJEG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor expert (Geelong, Vic, 1909); automobile expert (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1919)

===''GAY''===

* [[/Augustus Holman Gay|Gay, Augustus Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PF-938] - 1902(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SM Warragul (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Warragul, 1927-1934); engineer (South Yarra, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Kew, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vivian James Gay|Gay, Vivian James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYT8-VJJ] - 1908(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 2VI Sydney (Chatswood, 1935-1939; North Sydney, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965); 2VI Burradoo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1510, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943); master printer (Lane Cove, 1949-1968); printer (Artarmon, 1972); retired (Burradoo, 1977-1980)

===''GAYLARD''===

* [[/George Samuel Arthur Gaylard|Gaylard, George Samuel Arthur or Arthur George Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQN-VRX] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: draper (Canterbury, Vic, 1922); merchant (Shepparton, Vic, 1925-1968)

===''GEAKE''===

* [[/Wilfred Vivian Geake|Geake, Wilfred Vivian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTF-H1J] - 1893(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5BR Receive Kooringa (1922); 5BR Receive (Murray Bridge, 1923); Receive Murray Bridge (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hillside, SA, 1939)

===''GEARY''===

* [[/Kermit Erwin Geary|Geary, Kermit Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMN-89Z] - 1917(USA)-2010(USA)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - listener (1930s to 2000s; MW, SW, FM, Utility) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (1000s) was donated to NRC by KEG, thence to AMP and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/mcall/name/kermit-geary-obituary?id=13033505 Obit &amp; Comments]; [https://nationalradioclub.org/QSLs/Geary/index.html NRC QSLs]

===''GEDDES''===

* [[/Frank Albert Geddes|Geddes, Frank Albert]] - 1901(NSW)-1922(NSW) - 2GC Sydney (Waverley, 1922, receive only), amateur operator (pre AOCP, no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), radio clubs (Waverley Radio Club), due to age licence held in name of father Francis G Geddes

===''GEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Harrie Gee|Gee, Kenneth Harrie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1W-42N] - 1919(Vic)-2014(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3IA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Blackburn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2152, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); draftsman (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Frederick Gee|Gee, Richard Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHPH-D8K] - 1911(Tas)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7RF Hobart (New Town, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2439, 1940, Tas - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, NCO or other, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical salesman (New Town, Tas, 1936-1972)

===''GEEVES''===

* [[/Philip Leslie Geeves|Geeves, Philip Leslie &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88C-Y8Y] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - radio broadcaster (VK2ME, 2CH, ABC); employment (AWA, 1937-1970s); journalist (SMH); historian (AWA, broadcasting); awards (OAM, 1980) - Electoral Rolls: radio executive (Bexley, 1949-1963); executive (Hurstville South, 1972-1980)

===''GEISEL''===

* [[/Elizabeth Aileen Geisel|Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK7-NJ4] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5YL Murray Bridge (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1788, 1936, SA; 2COCP 448, 1941; 1COCP 544, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''GELDARD''===

* [[/Horace Rendalls Geldard|Geldard, Horace Rendalls]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSP-ZB8] - 1901(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6GD Perth (Victoria Park, 1939, 1947-1948; Queens Park, 1954; Bayswater, 1955, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2327, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Spencers Brook, WA, 1925); linesman (East Perth, WA, 1925); fireman (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1949); turbine driver (Canning, WA, 1954; Bayswater, WA, 1958-1968)

===''GEORGE''===

* [[/Carl William George|George, Carl William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZJ-WMF] - 1878(???)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2UG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 853, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Heinrich Alfred August George|George, Heinrich Alfred August &quot;Henry&quot;, &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G387-XZ4] - 1899(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, 1919-1963)

* [[/Vernon Harold George|George, Vernon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN41-TZL] - 1897(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1931-1939, 1947-1960; Mt Martha, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 265, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Coburg, 1921-1928); clerk (Heidelberg, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''GEORGESON''===

* [[/James Georgeson|Georgeson, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS1-17Q] - 1897(Eng)-1976(Taiwan) - Licences: 5JD Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1938); 2AKU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1939; Granville, 1946-1947; Artarmon, 1948-1954; Lane Cove (1955); Artarmon (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1783, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1943); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1972)

===''GERAGHTY''===

*[[/James Anselm Geraghty|Geraghty, James Anselm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVD-VY9] - 1877(???)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CS Receive Townsville (1923); 4CS Townsville (1923-1924); 4CS Brisbane (Nudgee, 1924); 4CS Gympie (1924); 4CS Townsville (1925); 4CS Gympie (1925-1927); 2JG Wagga Wagga (1929); 7CB Launceston (1931); 4CB Brisbane (Nudgee, 1933); 4AC Bundaberg (1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 186, 1925, No. 17 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion and teacher (Christian Brothers) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ballarat, 1906; Gympie, 1909-1913; Dunedin, 1914-1916; South Brisbane, 1919-1925; Tamworth, 1930; Bundaberg, 1934; Ipswich, 1943; Albion, 1949; Gympie, 1954); retired (Boondall, 1958-1968)

===''GERARD''===

* [[/John Walter Gerard|Gerard, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYH3-PS2] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADN Coffs Harbour (1936-1939, 1946-1969); 2ADN Bonville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1755, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1954); theatre manager (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bonville, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GIBBENS''===

* [[/Arthur James Gibbens|Gibbens, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZB-CJS] - 1915(SA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2BT Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1934; Randwick, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1144, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 266, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Clovelly, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrical engineer (Watson, ACT, 1963-1977)

===''GIBBINGS''===

* [[/William Edgar Gibbings|Gibbings, William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W1-P9B] - 1913(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NH Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1937); 3NH Melbourne (Essendon, 1938); 2XN Sydney (Castle Hill, 1947-1955; Marrickville, 1956; Strathfield, 1957-1969; Homebush, 1980); 4WO Brisbane (Kedron, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1190, 1933, NSW; COCP1 113, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, Signals Division, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); company executive (Strathfield, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GIBBON''===

* [[/Thomas Foster Gibbon|Gibbon, Thomas Foster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G857-MWS] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJAV Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Kew, 1923); 3XZ Melbourne (Kew, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: student (Kew, 1919-1925); electrical engineer (Kew, 1928-1954); engineer (Kew, 1963)

===''GIBBONS''===

* [[/Eric Thomas Gibbons|Gibbons, Eric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWDC-S3M] - 1911(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3AGB Warracknabeal (1947-1948); 3AGB Swan Hill (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2209, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Oyen, Vic, 1935); manager (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949); theatre manager (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Frederick Gibbons|Gibbons, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XB-YRJ] - 1907(Wales)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 255, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Neutral Bay, 1930); clerk (Gordon, 1954-1968); director (Turramurra, 1972-1977)

===''GIBSON''===

* [[/E. G. Gibson|Gibson, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Ormiston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

*[[/Edgar McLean Gibson|Gibson, Edgar McLean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-SM5] - 1877(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1925), possibly held on behalf of son Leighton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs - Relationships: father of 4AN William Leighton Gibson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Toowoomba, 1908-1917; Greenslopes, 1922); engineer (Manly, 1936-1937; Hawthorne, 1943-1968)

*[[/George Holland Gibson|Gibson, George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MXPG-HB4] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: XQG Brisbane (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Fortitude Valley, 1915-1917); mechanic (Newmarket, 1919-1928; New Farm, 1937-1943); telephone technician (Bulimba, 1954-1977)

* [[/Percy Reginald Gibson|Gibson, Percy or Percival Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-GJ7] - 1914(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1936-1939; Yarraville, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1666, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); accountant (Kingsville, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/Richard Leslie Gibson|Gibson, Richard Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QNS-G8V] - 1900(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2GH Alstonville (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 578, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Alstonville, 1930-1949); retired (Alstonville, 1963-1968; Ballina, 1972)

* [[/William Gerrand Gibson|Gibson, William Gerrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJY-5G9] - 1869(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, Federal Postmaster-General 1923-1929- TroveTag: &quot;William Gerrand Gibson&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gibson-william-gerrand-6313 ADB]

*[[/William Leighton Gibson|Gibson, William Leighton &quot;Leighton&quot; &amp; &quot;Gibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-Q7S] - 1907(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: AOCP 73, 1925, No. 7 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN &quot;Bananalander&quot;); wireless business employee (Phillips Radio) - Relationships: son of 4AN Edgar McLean Gibson - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Manly, Qld, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1943); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949); business executive (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); regional representative (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GIDDINGS''===

* [[/Albert Hudson Giddings|Giddings or Whitney, Albert Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR4-PDP] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 5FI Adelaide (Nailsworth, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1556, 1935, SA; 1COCP 102, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: PMG employee (Sale, Vic, 1968); technician (Elwood, Vic, 1972); clerk (Hughs, ACT, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/612780 VWMA]

* [[/Albert William James Giddings|Giddings, Albert William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9711-NG3] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DG Stratford (1935-1939); 3DG Numurkah (1947-1948); 3DG Lancefield (1954-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1574, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster;; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Culgoa, Vic, 1931); bank clerk (Pakenham East, Vic, 1934); bank officer (Stratford, Vic, 1936-1937); warrant officer RAAF (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); bank official (Numurkah, Vic, 1949)

===''GILCHRIST''===

* [[/V. H. Gilchrist|Gilchrist, V. H. &quot;Gil&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9VG Slate Creek via Wau, New Guinea - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILDER''===

* [[/Donald George Gilder|Gilder, Donald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5F8-D2F] - 1915(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 2NV Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1939, 1948-1950); 3AHG Melbourne (Burwood, 1954-1965; Box Hill South, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2358, 1939, NSW; BOCP 455, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising representative (Coburg, Vic, 1937); salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); executive (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); manager (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILFILLAN''===

* [[/William Charles Kent Gilfillan|Gilfillan, William Charles Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-93Q] - 1869(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AM Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Manly, 1913); soldier (Manly, 1930-1935); no occupation (Redfern, 1937); manufacturer (Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''GILHOOLEY''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Forrest Gilhooley|Gilhooley, Joseph Aloysius Forrest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-L6N] - 1877(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, 1903; Hunters Hill, 1930-1935); traveller (Hunters Hill, 1937-1949)

===''GILL''===

* [[/Alan Stewart Gill|Gill, Alan Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH6B-JQ4] - 1907(NSW)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 7AS Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 191, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist &amp; engineer (Electrolytic Zinc Co) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Hobart Central, 1928; Sandy Bay, 1936-1949); chemist (Hobart South, 1954)

* [[/Alfred Wyatt McKenzie Gill|Gill, Alfred Wyatt McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBP-B8D] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Receive Sydney (Killara, 1923); 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Killara, 1933-1937; Wahroonga, 1949); soldier (Wahroonga, 1943); airline officer (Wahroonga, 1954-1958)

===''GILLANDERS''===

* [[/Bruce Charles Gillanders|Gillanders, Bruce Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-QZH] - 1915(NSW)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2XS Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1391, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, 1942-1955) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1936); A.M.F. (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1968); project officer (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILLETT''===

* [[/Clarence Rex Gregory Gillett|Gillett, Clarence Rex Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWJC-ZDW] - 1919(SA?)-2020(SA) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (All Wave All World DX Club, Australian DX Radio Club (SA Branch), South Australian DX Radio Club, Australian Radio DX Club, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia, New Zealand Radio DX League) - substantial portion (100+) of QSL collection survives (SSD, NFSA)

===''GILLHAM''===

* [[/Norman William Gillham|Gillham, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTT-M8V] - 1906(Tas)-1994(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923-1924); 7NW Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 176, 1925, Tas; CPRT 944, 1927 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sandy Bay, 1928); joiner (Queensborough, 1936-1937); builder (Nelson, 1943-1954)

* [[/Charles Alfred Gillham|Gillham, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJP-4NB] - 1888(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2427, 1940, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILLON''===

* [[/Peter Clifford Gillon|Gillon, Peter Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7M-X53] - 1895(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 99, 1915 - Coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Bondi, 1934); radio telegraphist (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1936; Cooktown, Qld, 1937; Townsville, 1943); telegraphist (Kensington, NSW, 1949-1954; Cremorne, 1958); radio operator (Cremorne, 1963-1968)

===''GILMOUR''===

* [[/Norman Stanley Gilmour|Gilmour, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-PVG] - 1890(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2ZU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1930; Potts Point, 1931; City, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 28, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: director (Neutral Bay, 1930); business manager (Darlinghurst, 1931); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1937; Mosman, 1943-1958)

===''GINBEY''===

* [[/Ian Haldane Ginbey|Ginbey, Ian Haldane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-73N] - 1913(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6IG Perth (Fremantle, 1938-1939; Bicton, 1947-1948; Attadale, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2084, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1936; Fremantle, WA, 1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943); salesman (Melville, WA, 1958)

===''GINGER''===

* [[/Ubitt Victor Ginger|Ginger, Ubitt Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5P-G76] - 1891(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923); 2LF Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1924; North Sydney, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; police officer - callsign 2LF to L. R. Filmer, Toronto from Sep 1925, Bracken from 1933 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Chatswood, 1930-1933); police constable (Marrickville, 1934); constable (Naremburn, 1936-1937)

===''GINN''===

* [[/Ernest George Ginn|Ginn, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZC-95C] - 1917(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Townsville (1936-1939; 1946-1948); 4GE Brisbane (Hendra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1749, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ), military (WW2, RAAF, AIF); employment (life insurance agent) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Townsville, Qld, 1943); shop assistant (Windsor, Qld, 1949); salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''GIVENS''===

* [[/L. James M. Givens|Givens, L. James M. &quot;James&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LX-7WR] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1923); 3EP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1924-1927); 3XY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 849, 1925; AOLCP 121, 1933 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Canterbury, 1931-1937; Camberwell, 1943); photographer (Delbridge, 1954)

===''GLASSCOCK''===

* [[/Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock|Glasscock, Albert Linster Kirkland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4B-2CF] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ZI Sydney (West Ryde, 1931-1933; Lane Cove, 1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2ZI Culburra (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 724, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 349, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2LC Norman Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Petersham, NSW, 1930; Meadowbank, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933); constable (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1958); no occupation (Culburra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Norman Glasscock|Glasscock, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1H-J4R] - 1904(NZ)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1938; Darlinghurst, 1939; Randwick, 1946-1948; Chatswood, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 8, 1934; COCP1 39, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2ZI Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: builder (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1935); constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''GLASSOP''===

* [[/Bruce Leslie Glassop|Glassop, Bruce Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-DMF] - 1914(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2BG Sydney (Epping, 1934-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1958; Ermington, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1293, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Dundas, NSW, 1954-1963)

*[[/Ronald John Glassop|Glassop, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBZX-P8N] - 1910(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 2RF Newcastle (City, 1934-1935; Blackhalls, 1936; Hamilton East, 1937); 4BG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 4BG Maryborough (1947-1969); 4BG North Tamborine (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1288, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; insurance assessor - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Newcastle, NSW, 1932-1935); clerk (Hamilton, NSW, 1937); insurance inspector (Clayfield, Qld, 1937); insurance secretary (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1972; Mt Tamborine, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''GLEESON''===

* [[/John Lacey Gleeson|Gleeson, John Lacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-TQ7] - 1910(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1936-1939; Coburg, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1780, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1934-1936; Carlton, Vic, 1937-1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968)

===''GLENIE''===

* [[/Eliot Albert Glenie|Glenie, Eliot Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-FYW] - 1915(SA)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; Moorabbin, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2214, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); toolmaker (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GLEW''===

* [[/Leslie George Glew|Glew, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDCH-HWX] - 1893(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LG Melbourne (Newport, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 222, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 65, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925); WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Comment: Another contemporaneous LGG - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newport, Vic, 1924-1967)

===''GLOVER''===

* [[/Alexander Frederick Glover|Glover, Alexander Frederick or Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-XZ6] - 1925(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3AFG Sale (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2705, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Sale, 1949); mechanic (Sale, 1954-1980)

* [[/Arthur James George Glover|Glover, Arthur James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2MT8-CZ8] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1928-1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3AG Warrnambool (1937-1939); 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1946-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 392, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 1129, 1928; 2COCP 153, 1930; 1COCP 29, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Box Hill, 1931); engineer (Box Hill, 1936); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1937); engineer (Canterbury, 1943; Box Hill, 1949-1954); automation engineer (Camberwell, 1963-1968); engineer (Camberwell, 1972-1977)

* [[/Maurice Glover|Glover, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-25R] - 1912(Vic)-2003(Tas) - Licences: 7MG Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 7MG Swansea (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2129, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nelson, 1943); no occupation (Swansea, 1949; Nelson, 1954)

* [[/Maxwell Arthur Glover|Glover, Maxwell Arthur &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-58X] - 1902(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3GB Receive Melbourne (Auburn, 1922); 3GB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: No record of AOCP; 3COCP 671, 1948 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Camberwell, 1924-1934); wool buyer (Toorak, 1935-1936; South Yarra, 1937); director (Malvern, 1949-1980)

===''GLUSKIE''===

* [[/C. R. Gluskie|Gluskie, C. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GODDARD''===

* [[/Harry George Goddard|Goddard, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXV4-1Q1] - 1904(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2GN Sydney (North Sydney, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3998, 1962, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); buyer (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1963) - Callsign: Possible withdrawal of callsign for 2GN Goulburn commercial

* [[/John Endacott Goddard|Goddard, John Endacott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBM-L27] - 1914(WA)-1943(Crete) - Licences: 6JG Perth (North Perth, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1427, 1935, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Fremantle, 1936) - Links:  [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/goddard-john-endacott-406692/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://anzac.site/greece/crete-operation-thesis-goddard/ Operation Thesis]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703409 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neville Mitford Goddard|Goddard, Neville Mitford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHRS-MNR] - 1898(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - journalist; patent attorney - Electoral Rolls:

===''GODDEN''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Godden|Godden, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HB-RFD] - 1906(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3TI Mildura (1937-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1915, 1937, Vic; BOCP 1273, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1942); radio mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''GODWIN''===

* [[/Sydney Borrett Godwin|Godwin, Sydney Borrett or Borritt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5Y-RM3] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XGP Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sergeant, 1st Aus Naval &amp; Military Ex Force, E Company, 1914-1915) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); warrant officer (Maitland East, NSW, 1932-1933); military instructor (Tamworth, NSW, 1934-1936)

===''GOEBY''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Goeby|Goeby, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ3-3Q1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3GV Melbourne (Glenroy, 1935-1939; North Melbourne, 1947-1948; Doncaster, 1954-1975); 4AAG Caloundra (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1458, 1935, Vic; COCP2 1290, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: presser (Glenroy, Vic, 1937-1942); mechanic (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); traffic assistant (Doncaster, Vic, 1954-1967); clerk (Doncaster, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1980)

===''GOFORD''===

* [[/Thomas William Goford|Goford, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZH-W3H] - 1898(Eng)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4MI Mount Isa (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1675, 1936, Qld; BOCP 387, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mt Isa, Qld, 1937); broadcasting technician (Goonellabah, NSW, 1943); DCA technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1954-1963)

===''GOLD''===

* [[/Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold|Gold, Clifford Henry Yarburgh or Yarborough &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19B-YYC] - 1906(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Brisbane (Hill End, 1926-1931); 4CG Toowoomba (1933-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 262, 1926, No. 21 in Qld; AOLCP 186, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (West End, 1928-1931); radio operator (Toowoomba, 1934); projectionist (Toowoomba, 1936-1963); radio technician (Balmoral, 1968-1977) - Relationships: nephew of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; also Doug &amp; Geoff

* [[/Douglas Edward Gold|Gold, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RL-XQB] - 1917(NSW)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 254, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Toowoomba, 1943-1949); assistant manager (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

* [[/Edward Edwin Gold|Gold, Edward Edwin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13Q-WZV] - 1894(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Toowoomba (1924-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: AOCP 7, 1924, No. 1 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; awarded Class B licence for 4GR Toowoomba; commercial broadcast station proprietor (4GR); Relationships: father of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; uncle of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, 1925-1958)

* [[/Geoffrey Kilvington Gold|Gold, Geoffrey Kilvington]] - 1943(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 2210, 1963; AOLCP 1608, 1964 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Douglas Edward Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcaster (Annerley, 1968)

===''GOLDBERG''===

* [[/Raymond Gershon Goldberg|Goldberg, Raymond Gershon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1NS-KNQ] - 1919(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2431, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For fighter &amp; bomber sorties in the western desert with 450 squadron RAAF, 1944 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOLDEN''===

* [[/Patrick John Golden|Golden, Patrick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFG-R49] - 1893(Ire)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4PG Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK) - ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Wynnum Heights, 1928-1931); radio dealer (Clayfield, 1936-1937); radio operator (Flying boat base, Karumba, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GOLDIE''===

* [[/Alexander Thomas Goldie|Goldie, Alexander Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-49P] - 1915(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TG Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1934-1938); 2TG Wellington (1939); 2TG Orange (1946-1948); 2TG Casino (1950); 2TG Bellingen (1954-1958); 2TG Sydney (Bardwell Park, 1960-1969; Lugarno, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1338, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Maryvale, NSW, 1936-1937; Orange, NSW, 1943; Mummulgum, NSW, 1949; Bellingen, NSW, 1954-1958); school teacher (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1963-1968); school principal (Lugarno, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GOLDSMITH''===

* [[/Frank Herbert Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Frank Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93SX-QL8] - 1895(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6FG Perth (Nedlands Park, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 377, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio journalist - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Perth, 1917); journalist (Bunbury, 1921-1922; Nedlands, 1925-1949; Roleystone, 1954-1958); retired (Rossmoyne, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gordon William Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWR-BKR] - 1914(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5HM Cowandilla (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1629, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GOLDSWORTHY''===

* [[/William John Goldsworthy|Goldsworthy, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4D7-C24] - 1910(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (Valley, 1934-1939); 4WA Rockhampton (1947-1948)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1341, 1934, Qld; 2COCP 1112, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Valley, Qld, 1934-1943); aeradio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

===''GOLLEY''===

* [[/Jasper Claude Golley|Golley, Jasper Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-S1F] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1937; Glengowrie, 1938-1939; Seacliff, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1522, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Glengowrie, SA, 1939-1941; Seacliff, SA, 1943)

===''GOOD''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Good|Good, Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS7-P78] - 1864(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Glenrowan (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Taminick, 1903); traveller (Taminick, 1909-1930)

===''GOODE''===

* [[/Arthur Russell Goode|Goode, Arthur Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHW-MYY] - 1889(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XLK Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD (telegraphist, Central Office, Melbourne, 1903-1921); Listener-In (journalist; editor); author several books - Relationships: grandfather of 3BDL Michael Goode - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Brunswick, Vic, 1912; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1915-1927); journalist (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937; Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1967)

* [[/Michael Goode|Goode, Michael]] - Licences: 3ZYY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1969+); 3BDL Melbourne - Qualifications: Not for publication - amateur operator; historian (amateur radio, 5 metres, QSL cards) - Relationships: Grandson of XLK Arthur Russell Goode - Electoral Rolls: Not for publication

* [[/William Alban Donald Goode|Goode, William Alban Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82P-7VB] - 1902(NSW)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 713, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOODWIN''===

* [[/Ernest Frederick William Goodwin|Goodwin, Ernest Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDJP-XMY] - 1893(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XNE Melbourne (Essendon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: driller (Essendon, Vic, 1914-1917); iron dealer (Abbotsford, Vic, 1922-1954)

===''GORDON''===

* [[/Donald Robert Gordon|Gordon, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-T6W] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2428, 1940, Vic; BOCP 690, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Melbourne West, Vic, 1934-1937; Melbourne, Vic, 1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''GORMAN''===

* [[/Clarence Arthur Gorman|Gorman, Clarence Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLZ-X8H] - 1895(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XCG Sydney (Oatley, 1913-1914); 2EC Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922); 2EC Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923-1925); 2CG Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1929); designated operator 2UI Illawarra Radio Club (Kogarah, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 222, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: NSW winner 1923 Trans-Pacific Tests - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Rockdale, 1930-1931; Kogarah, 1932-1943; Hargrave Park, 1949; Villawood, 1954-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCG-2EC-2CG - Clarence Arthur Gorman&quot;

===''GOSNELL''===

* [[/Ronald Mervyn Gosnell|Gosnell, Ronald Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6J1-RJR] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2PG Sydney (Haberfield, 1933-1937; North Bondi, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1114, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engraver (Haberfield, NSW, 1933-1937; Bondi, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''GOSTELOW''===

* [[/Alfred Victor Gostelow|Gostelow, Alfred Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVQ-PCX] - 1897(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Uralla, 1930-1936; Scone, 1937-1949; Terrigal, 1954-1968); retired (Terrigal, 1972)

===''GOTTING''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Benjamin Gotting|Gotting, Herbert Edward Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLY-HLD] - 1889(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N760 Receive Braemar (1922); 2ID Receive Braemar (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Braemar, 1930); electrician (Mittagong, 1936-1937); engineer (Mittagong, 1949-1963)

===''GOUGH''===

* [[/Leslie Albert Gough|Gough, Leslie Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-W3K] - 1919(Wales)-1982(Italy) - Licences: 3ZH Melbourne (Templestowe, 1947-1948; Warrandyte, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2156, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Templestowe, Vic, 1949); sales (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Neil Anthony James Gough|Gough, Neil Anthony James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G318-9NB] - 1908(NZ)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2NG Sydney (North Manly, 1932-1939; Queenscliffe, 1946; Gladesville, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 916, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1958); newspaper representative (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963; Elanora, NSW, 1968); representative (Elanora, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GOVAN''===

* [[/Walter Neville Govan|Govan, Walter Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XF-YDT] - 1905(Vic)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5WG Port Pirie (1934-1939); 5WG Crystal Brook (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1273, 1934, SA; BOCP 40, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lead burner (Port Pirie, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1943)

===''GOVER''===

* [[/Selwyn Harry James Gover|Gover, Selwyn Harry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-D2L] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Nundah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 789, 1923; 2COCP 43, 1929; 1COCP 249, 1939 - amateur receiver; ship wireless officer - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Annerley, Qld, 1925); marine radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''GOW''===

* [[/Gelston Stewart Gow|Gow, Gelston Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HP-61D] - 1895(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XBW Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2GG Sydney (City, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 411, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1943); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''GOWERS''===

* [[/Frederick William Deasey Gowers|Gowers, Frederick William Deasey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMM-J5C] - 1892(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XJI Seymour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 154, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (junior wireless officer Warialda); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1916); postal assistant (Alexandra, Vic, 1919-1921; Yarrawonga, Vic, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Sandringham, Vic, 1926-1937); postmaster (Mt Macedon, Vic, 1942-1949; Hampton, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GOWLETT''===

* [[/Frank Nelson James Gowlett|Gowlett, Frank Nelson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G619-PYV] - 1891(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 163, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Townsville, 1925); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1930-1931); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1934-1937; Cooktown, 1943-1949; Maroubra, 1949); radio officer (Maroubra, 1958-1963)

===''GOYDER''===

* [[/Cecil William Goyder|Goyder, Cecil William]] - about 1906(Eng)-1980(NJ, USA) - G2SZ England, amateur operator [http://www.clement-jones.com/ps03/ps03_313.html]

===''GOYEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael James Goyen|Goyen, Francis Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRT-VTQ] - 1905(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2UX Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939; Newtown, 1946; Waverley, 1947-1955; Randwick, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 731, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Epping, NSW, 1933-1937); soldier (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); secretary (Waverley, NSW, 1954); accountant (Bieler Park, NSW, 1958)

===''GRAF''===

* [[/Raymond George Graf|Graf, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYM3-JPC] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1934-1939; Newport, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1241, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1942); clerk (Newport, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Wye River, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''GRAHAM''===

* [[/Donald Ernest Graham|Graham, Donald Ernest &quot;Don&quot;]] - 1933(WA)-2012(WA) - 6HK Perth (Mount Hawthorn, 1954-1956; Wembley Downs, 1960-1980+) - amateur operator (AOCP 3162, 1951, No. ?? in WA) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC), DoC / DoTaC (WA State Broadcasting Engineer) - a good life, well lived [https://stephbg.livejournal.com/669733.html]

* [[/James Alexander Graham|Graham, James Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G979-6RF] - 1905(Sct)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4JQ Brisbane (Ekibin, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2058, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 510, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ekibin, Qld, 1937-1954)

* [[/Keith William Graham|Graham, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM5-B17] - 1920(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Croydon, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2115, 1938, NSW; BOCP 2194, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Blackhalls, NSW, 1943); university student (Ashfield, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968; Canterbury, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Denton Graham|Graham, William Denton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGS-KB5] - 1895(Tas)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RR Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2WG Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 227, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); process worker (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); iron worker (Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1968); machinist (Rockdale, NSW, 1977); retired (Liverpool, NSW, 1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2RR-2WG - William Denton Graham&quot;

* [[/William Thompson Graham|Graham, William Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR1-SL3] - 1902(Sct)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 7BV Receive St Mary's (1923); Receive St Mary's (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (St Mary's, 1925-1954);

===''GRANT''===

* [[/Allan Clyde Grant|Grant, Allan Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBK3-CGX] - 1914(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2141, 1938, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); airman (Preston, Vic, 1954; Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1972); technical officer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Grant|Grant, Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-TT9] - 1890(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Macksville (1923); 2KW Macksville (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 320, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Marr's Creek, NSW, 1913-1963); retired (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/Colin John Rawle Grant|Grant, Colin John Rawle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-BXF] - 1902(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4JG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 310, 1926, No. 32 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; accountant - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloowin, 1925-1934); security officer (Eagle Junction, 1936); auditor (West Nundah, 1937); retired (Southport, 1968-1980)

* [[/James Grant|Grant, James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DP Newcastle (Stockton, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 555, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stockton, NSW, 1930)

* [[/William Patrick Grant|Grant, William Patrick &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-YJC] - 1917(Ireland)-19??(Ireland) - Licences: 4WU Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1801, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 269, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; air controller (Shannon Airport) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRANTHAM''===

* [[/Sidney Richard Grantham|Grantham, Sidney Richard &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ6-B8S] - 1920(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4SG Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1946-1956); 4SG Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1960; Hendra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2083, 1938, Qld; 1COCP 927, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, IREE, RFDS council); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); federal public servant (DCA, Aeradio; PMGD/DoC, radio inspector); broadcast technician (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Yerongpilly, Qld, 1943); broadcast engineer (Harristown, Qld, 1949); engineer (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); radio inspector (Hendra, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GRANVILLE''===

* [[/Florence Violet Granville|Granville (nee) / Wallace / McKenzie, Florence Violet &quot;Violet&quot;, &quot;Mrs Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-ZWS] - 1890(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2GA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922-1924); Valve Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1923); 2GA Sydney (CBD, 1924; Greenwich, 1925-1939); 2FV Sydney (Sydney, 1946-1950; Circular Quay, 1954; Greenwich, 1955-1958); 2GA Sydney (Greenwich, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 109, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AIR3 847, 1946; COCP3 559, 1947 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; business proprietor; signals instructor - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1963; Greenwich, NSW, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2GA-2FV - Florence Violet Granville&quot; - Links: [[w:Florence_Violet_McKenzie|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mckenzie-florence-violet-15485 ADB]; [https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/mckenzie_violet Dictionary of Sydney]; [https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/hindsight/signals-currents-and-wires-the-untold-story-of/3287402 ABC]

===''GRAY''===

* [[/A. J. Gray|Gray, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. H. Gray|Gray, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9BA Bulolo, New Guinea (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Albert Howell Gray|Gray, Albert Howell &quot;Dave&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXM-J83] - 1907(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2IJ Receive Sydney (Killara, 1922); 2IJ Sydney (Killara, 1923-1939, 1946-1969; Whale Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 90, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Killara, 1930-1936); engineer (Killara, 1937-1968; Whale Beach, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2IJ-2AG-2APV - Albert Howell Gray&quot; Fix

* [[/Andrew Harold Gray|Gray, Andrew Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT1M-XMN] - 1903(Qld)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AG Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1938; Lane Cove, 1939); 2APV Sydney (McMahons Point, 1954; Strathfield, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1137, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 113, 1930; COCP1 54, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Oxley, Qld, 1925-1926); wireless operator (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1933; McMahons Point, NSW, 1936-1937); radio instructor (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Umina, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Frank Malcolm Gray|Gray, Frank Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBV-5XS] - 1910(SA)-2011(Qld)100yo - Licences: 5MU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1932-1933); 5SU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1937-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1017, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 5MU possibly withdrawn for 5MU Murray Bridge - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Toorak Gardens, 1939)

* [[/George Gray|Gray, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8W-1CD] - 1906(???)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2XG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1934; Pymble, 1935-1936; Turramurra, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 796, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Turramurra, NSW, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Henry Boulderson Gray|Gray, George Henry Boulderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTTN-WVM] - 1912(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JP Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1796, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1943); sound engineer (Ascot, Qld, 1949-1980)

* [[/Henry Ramsay Gray|Gray, Henry Ramsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWN-TND] - 1896(Sct)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AFA Teralba (1936-1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1833, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miner (Teralba, NSW, 1930-1949); serviceman (Teralba, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Teralba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Thompson Gray|Gray, John Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ2-RMT] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3TJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1457, 1935, Vic; COCP1 203, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1937); postal employee (Brunswick, Vic, 1949); teacher (Springvale North, Vic, 1968); mathematician (Brunswick, Vic, 1972; Box Hill South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alexander Gray|Gray, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLH-44L] - 1900(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KM Sydney (Manly, 1932-1934); 2KX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939, 1946-1958; Fairlight, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1029, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2KM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KM Kempsey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Manly, NSW, 1930); agent (Manly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Manly, 1937-1943); turner machinist (Manly, 1949-1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); machinist (Balgowlah, NSW, 1972; Fairlight, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRAYDON''===

* [[/John Frederick Graydon|Graydon, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2S-R8H] - 1909(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIS Sydney (Lindfield, 1937-1939; Pymble, 1947; Killara, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2008, 1937, NSW; TVOCP 475, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1931; Artarmon, NSW, 1934; Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (RAAF, Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); broadcast technician (Killara, NSW, 1949-1968); broadcast (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GREAM''===

* [[/Robert Lewis Campbell Gream|Gream, Robert Lewis Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFL-Y1J] - 1902(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AFP Casino South (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AFP Casino (1948-1950); 2AFP Byron Bay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1853, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Armidale, NSW, 1930; Casino, NSW, 1930-1943); no occupation (Casino, NSW, 1949; Byron Bay, NSW, 1954); electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GREEN''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Green|Green, Albert Ernest]] - 1869(Vic)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State &amp; Federal politician; Postmaster-General (1931-1932) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Albert Green (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Barrie Harbron Green|Green, Barrie Harbron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GW-P76] - 1917(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2IX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Waverton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1424, 1935, NSW; BOCP 564, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herman Rowland Green|Green, Herman Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-LGY] - 1915(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5OJ Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1679, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Green|Green, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Yeronga, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Kendale Lawrence Green|Green, Kendale Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4S-NZD] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3KG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1939; North Balwyn, 1947-1956; Montmorency, 1960; Greensborough, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 881, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 467, 1942  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1935-1937); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); sales (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); teacher (Canterbury, Vic, 1954; Montmorency, Vic, 1963-1967; Greensborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Aylmer Green|Green, Ronald Aylmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GH-Z5S] - 1910(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Sydney (Rockdale, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1568, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: university student (Rockdale, NSW, 1932-1933); medical practitioner (University of Sydney, King, NSW, 1935; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Walter William Green|Green, Walter William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-R87] - 1911(WA)-2012(WA) - Licences: 6WG Albany (1936-1937); 6WG Wiluna (1937-1939); 6WG Albany (1947-1960); 6WG Derby (1965); 6WG Norseman (1969); 6WG Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1676, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936); fitter (Albany, WA, 1958-1963); plant inspector (Norseman, WA, 1968); mechanic (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''GREENHALGH''===

* [[/John Thomas Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3X-4R8] - 1907(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ADF Sydney (Penrith, 1939, 1946-1947; St Marys, 1948-1950; Penrith, 1954-1965); 2ADF Eugowra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 230, 1932; AOCP 2397, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KG Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: drover (Granville, NSW, 1930-1934); carpenter (Eugowra, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1937); carpenter (Rooty Hill, NSW, 1949; Penrith, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Eugowra, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, Kenneth Neal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-NGD] - 1909(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2KG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1929-1930; Rooty Hill, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Mayfield West, 1934-1939; New Lambton, 1946-1956; Adamstown Heights, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 550, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 73, 1932; 1COCP 839, 1944; TVOCP 18, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Relationships: Brother of 2ADF John Thomas Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Hamilton, 1930); broadcasting engineer (2KO Sandgate, 1933); engineer (Mayfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (New Lambton, 1943-1954; Adamstown, 1958-1968; Adamstown Heights, 1977-1980)

===''GREENHAM''===

* [[/Arnold John Greenham|Greenham, Arnold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH9-QQS] - 1907(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4EE Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933); 4AG Gympie (1934); 4AG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1946-1948); 4AG Caloundra (1954-1956); 4AG Brisbane (Kallangur, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1040, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 807, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; bank employee (NAB) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Gympie, 1936; Innisfail, 1937; South Brisbane, 1943-1949); not stated (Caloundra, 1954-1958); retired (Kallangur, 1963-1972)

* [[/Desmond Albert Greenham|Greenham, Desmond Albert &quot;Des&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-Q4N] - 1922(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CO Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947-1948); 3CO Seymour (1954-1980+); 3ACO Portable Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1948); 3ACO Portable Seymour (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2416, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3VPG Margaret Sheila Greenham nee Burrows - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Sheila Greenham|Greenham, Margaret Sheila &quot;Peggy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7B3-H7V] - 1924(Eng)-2014(Qld)90yo - Licences: 3VPG Seymour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP V01083, 1980 - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Wife of 3CO-3ACO Desmond Albert Greenham - Electoral Rolls: telephoniste (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); home duties (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GREENHILL''===

* [[/George Alexander Greenhill|Greenhill, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3K-GWN] - 1904(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LE Brisbane (West End, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1348, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925); ceiling fixer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928); cleaner (West End, Qld, 1937; Archerfield, Qld, 1943); steward (Wilston, Qld, 1949); metal finisher (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); barman (Kirra, Qld, 1958); caretaker (Caloundra, Qld, 1963); cleaner (Woorim, Qld, 1968)

===''GREGORY''===

* [[/A. Gregory|Gregory, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAED Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, possibly Alyn Keith Gregory, bank officer, Bellevue Hill, 1930-1939

* [[/Augustus Francis Woodward Gregory|Gregory, Augustus Francis Woodward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LQ53-GB3] - 1898(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2254, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Pettys Hotel, Darling Harbour, NSW, 1930); aviator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1932; Nithsdale, NSW, 1933); F. C. O. (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1943); grazier (Tuross via Cooma, NSW, 1949-1968; Nimmitabel, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Clyde Francis Burnell Gregory|Gregory, Clyde Francis Burnell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-5MV] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Receive Emu Park (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1937); fisherman (Yeppoon, Qld, 1943-1949); taxi driver (Maryborough, Qld, 1958); taxi proprietor (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Harold Rigby Gregory|Gregory, Harold Rigby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2C9-CDX] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Receive Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1922); 2ED Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1930); inspector (Roseville, 1931-1936); insurance inspector (Roseville, 1937); manager (Newcastle, 1943-1954); insurance manager (Merewether, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert William Gregory|Gregory, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FW-QFJ] - 1907(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5GU Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1438, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kadina, SA, 1939); police officer (Lobethal, SA, 1941-1943)

===''GRENNAN''===

* [[/George Patrick Grennan|Grennan, George Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K5-774] - 1906(???)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2AHD Sydney (Paddington, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1250, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930-1935); accountant (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1943-1954); clerk (Centennial Park, NSW, 1958; Kensington, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''GREY''===

* See also GRAY

* [[/Albert Edward Grey|Grey, Albert Edward &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDK5-374] - 1897(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6BO Perth (Nedlands, 1925-1932); 6BO Carnarvon (1933); 6AA Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; RTCP 532, 1920, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP 35, 1934; TVOCP 278 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD); PMGD (postal assistant, Leederville,1919); WW1; RAAF (WW2, radar systems) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1925; Nedlands, 1925-1931); radio inspector (Nedlands, 1936-1972); retired (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

* [[/Elton Edward Grey|Grey, Elton Edward or Edward Elton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWPL-PQ5] - 1920(Qld)-1962(WA) - Licences: 4LX Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939); 6ZX Perth (West Perth, 1948); 6ZX Northam (1954-1955); 6ZX Perth (Leederville, 1956; Floreat Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1689, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943); bank clerk (West Perth, WA, 1949); bank officer (Wagin, WA, 1949; Northam, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958)

* [[/James Leonard Grey|Grey, James Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZV-ZY5] - 1915(Sct)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4LN Brisbane (Norman Park, 1937-1938); 2AKO Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939; Pymble, 1946-1961; St Ives, 1965-1969; Neutral Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 184, 1934; 2COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF); pilot (RQAC, QANTAS) - Electoral Rolls: aviator (Norman Park, Qld, 1936-1937); airline captain (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRIBBLE''===

* [[/Arthur James Gribble|Gribble, Arthur James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Comment: only one reference found, likely misspelling; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRIEVE''===

* [[/Ian Grieve|Grieve, Ian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcast); proprietor of Australian Old Time Radio website - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.australianotr.com.au/ OTR]

===''GRIFFIN''===

* [[/Ian Leslie Griffin|Griffin, Ian Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWJ-C4W] - 1921(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IJ Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947); 5IJ Adelaide (Magill, 1948); 7VS Cornwall (1955); 3VS Melbourne (Bayswater, 1956; Auburn, 1960; Box Hill, 1965; Reservoir, 1969; Burnley, 1975); 5VO Adelaide (Linden Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2173, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Coburg, Vic, 1954); salvation army officer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1958; The Basin, Vic, 1963); no occupation (Reservoir, Vic, 1967-1968); minister (Burnley, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas Neville Griffin|Griffin, Thomas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C4-RJ2] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2LQ Sydney (Hornsby, 1929-1936); 2AIR Sydney (Northbridge, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 505, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hornsby, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Artarmon, 1936; Willoughby, 1937; Hornsby, 1943-1949)

===''GRIFFEN-FOLEY''===

* [[/Bridget Griffen-Foley|Griffen-Foley, Bridget]] - historian (broadcasting) - Professor, Department of Media, Communications, Creative Arts, Language and Literature, Macquarie University - author &quot;Changing Stations: The Story of Australian Commercial Radio&quot; &amp; numerous professional articles

===''GRIFFITHS''===

* [[/Harry Thomas William Griffiths|Griffiths, Harry Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C3-C8Y] - 1910(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2FO Sydney (Five Dock, 1933-1938; North Strathfield, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1107, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: knitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1937); assistant (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949); supervisor (Concord, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leslie Arthur Griffiths|Griffiths, Leslie Arthur &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZK-81V] - 1909(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LZ Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1947-1956) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, signaller); cine assistant (Empire Theatre) - Halcyon: AOCP Toowoomba 1938 - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1931-1937); biograph projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); projectionist (Toowoomba West, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''GRIGG''===

* [[/Haydn Errol Grigg|Grigg, Haydn Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BV-N98] - 1899(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922); 2AS Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, 1935; Edgecliff, 1935-1949; Double Bay, 1954-1968)

===''GRIME''===

* [[/Stanley McKenzie Grime|Grime, Stanley McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXR-C9W] - 1888(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - assistant manager AWA - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169393111 Bio]

===''GRIMES''===

* [[/Benjamin Douglas Grimes|Grimes, Benjamin Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8B-D6J] - 1901(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Annerley, 1923-1924); 4BD Brisbane (Annerley, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 278, 1926, No. 23 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Tarragindi, 1925-1937); share dealer (New Farm, 1943); farmer (Cleveland, 1949-1958); retired (Corinda, 1968-1980)

===''GRIMMETT''===

* [[/Stanley Urbane Grimmett|Grimmett, Stanley Urbane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L447-3MW] - 1905(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Newcastle (Hamilton, 1930-1937); 2ZW Sydney (Bankstown, 1938-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1960; Vaucluse, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 667, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Hamilton, 1930-1937; Strathfield, 1949-1958); Vaucluse, 1963)

===''GRIMSLEY''===

* [[/Stephen William Grimsley|Grimsley, Stephen William &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHR-RBG] -  - Licences: 3ASG Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947-1948); 2VK Tweed Heads (1954-1961); 4VK Beechmont (1960-1969); 1VK Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1965-1969; Holt, 1980+)) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 407, 1941; 1AOCP 4, 1946, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); police constable (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Tweed Heads, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Observatory, Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1968); electrical engineer (Mawson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Holt, ACT, 1980)

===''GRIMWOOD''===

* [[/Percy Lucien Grimwood|Grimwood, Percy Lucien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2B2-BKH] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XIX Holbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Germanton/Holbrook, NSW, 1913); retired (Bundanoon, NSW, 1930-1943); farmer (Exeter, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''GRIVELL''===

* [[/John Grivell|Grivell, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC43-NGM] - 1901(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5BK Yorketown (1930-1933); 5BK Gladstone (1937); 5BK Crystal Brook (1938-1939); 5BK Gawler (1946-1947); 5BK Magill (1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 609, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, 1939-1941); telephone mechanic (Gawler, 1943)

===''GROGAN''===

* [[/Arnold William Grogan|Grogan, Arnold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-87B] - 1915(WA)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6EI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1936-1939; City, 1947); 6EI Carnarvon (1948); 6EI Perth (Leederville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1759, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); public servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1949); civil servant (Leederville, WA, 1954-1980)

===''GRONOW''===

* [[/William Rees Gronow|Gronow, William Rees]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVM-KFV] - 1908(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Receive Melbourne (City, 1922-1924); 3WG Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1925-1933; Malvern East, 1937; Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1948-1960; Brighton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 178, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1954); managing director (Brighton, Vic, 1963); director (Brighton, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''GROOM''===

* [[/Harry Pendleton Groom|Groom, Harry Pendleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-6LZ] - 1916(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1207, 1933, Tas; AOLCP 146, 1934; COCP2 10, 1934; COCP1 32, 1934 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); office assistant (Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GROSCH''===

* [[/Horace Grosch|Grosch, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D6-R29] - 1902(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1405, 1934, NSW; COCP3 229, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lineman (Tumut, NSW, 1930); electrician (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Grafton, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Corowa, NSW, 1949-1972)

===''GROVE''===

* [[/Henry Grove|Grove, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-97B] - 1897(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: N746 Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922); 2HZ Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 575, 1920 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Castle Hill, 1930); poultry farmer (Peakhurst, 1933-1949); retired (Burwood, 1963-1972)

===''GROVES''===

* [[/George William Groves|Groves, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY33-7RJ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1934-1937; Armadale, 1938-1939); 7XL Devonport (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1324, 1934, Vic; COCP2 811, 1944; COCP1 830, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Devonport, Tas, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Devonport, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''GROWDEN''===

* [[/George Norman Wills Growden|Growden, George Norman Wills &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9C6-15M] - 1913(Vic)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5YM Gladstone (1937-1939); 5YM Wedge Island via Port Lincoln (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1945, 1937, SA; BOCP 145, 1938; 2COCP 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943); wireless operator (RAAF Station, Pearce, WA, 1943)

===''GRUBB''===

* [[/Jack Bathurst Grubb|Grubb, Jack Bathurst]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVL-3QR] - 1919(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IZ Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1948); 4IZ Brisbane (Woody Point, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2283, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Red Hill South, Vic, 1949; Main Ridge, Vic, 1954); manager (Roches Hotel, Grafton, NSW, 1963); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Grubb|Grubb, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WK-K6N] - 1907(Qld)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 4DI Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1931); concrete labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1963); retired (Finch Hatton, 1968)

===''GRUMMITT''===

* [[/Gilbert Frederick Grummitt|Grummitt, Gilbert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-FFD] - 1906(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4BS Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1929-1933; Hamilton, 1937-1939; Bulimba, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 531, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Fortitude Valley, 1928-1934; Hamilton, 1936-1937); boilermaker (Bulimba, 1949-1958)

===''GRUNDY''===

* [[/Robert Hill Grundy|Grundy, Robert Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP7-F78] - 1915(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5BG Murray Bridge (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 5BG Crystal Brook (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2010, 1937, SA; BOCP 175, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GUE''===

* [[/John Gue|Gue, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DG-1CD] - 1918(NSW)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2GG Sydney (Waverley, 1934-1935; Charing Cross, 1936; Lindfield, 1937); 4DD Cloncurry (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1401, 1934, NSW; COCP2 516, 1941; COCP1 591, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1949; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949; Acacia Ridge, Qld, 1954-1958); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963; Bardon, Qld, 1963); operations officer (Bardon, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''GUEST''===

* [[/Edgar Leopold Gordon Guest|Guest, Edgar Leopold Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZD-7DL] - 1904(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Toorak, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1931); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); director (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''GUILDFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Guildford|Guildford, Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-5BG] - 19??(Eng)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4AP Brisbane (Herston, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Sandgate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1342, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, publicity officer) - Electoral Rolls: advertisement writer (West End, Qld, 1934); copy writer (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1949)

===''GUNDERSON''===

* [[/Thor Odin Gundersen|Gundersen (BDM) or Gunderson (Census), Thor Odin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHL8-F2W] - 1895(NZ)-1986(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 242, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Bondi, 1930-1931); radio officer (ss Fiona, 1943)

===''GUNN''===

* [[/Kenneth Campbell Gunn|Gunn, Kenneth Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-X18] - 1911(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LG Laidley (1932-1937); 4LD Laidley (1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 884, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Callsigns: 4LG likely withdrawn for 4LG Longreach - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Laidley, Qld, 1937-1972)

===''GUNTER''===

* [[/Norman Eliot Gunter|Gunter, Norman Eliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WR-5VB] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 3NG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 593, 1930, Vic; 2COCP 372, 1932; 1COCP 51, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (merchant navy, wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Caulfield, 1935; Hawthorn, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1428541 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GURNER''===

* [[/Reginald Carlisle Gurner|Gurner, Reginald Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8S8] - 1905(SA)-1975(SA) - 5CZ Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); 5RG Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923-1928; Linden Park Gardens, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 31, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Linden Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GURR''===

* [[/Alan Frederick Gurr|Gurr, Alan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-KJV] - 1904(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Geelong East (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geelong, 1926-1928; Belmont, 1931-1972)

* [[/George Henry Gurr|Gurr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L46K-DBB] - 1896(SA)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 5GO Adelaide (Parafield, 1933); 3QH Melbourne (Stanmore, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1142, 1933, SA; 3COCP 185, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Parkville, Vic, 1926); ground engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1928); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''GUTTERIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Frank Gutteridge|Gutteridge, Reginald Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNYP-KSN] - 1886(Tas)-1942(WA) - Licences: V759 Receive (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm manager (Marnoo, Vic, 1921); electrical engineer (Rupanyup, 1924-1927)

=='''H'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''HACKNEY''===

* [[/Allan John Hackney|Hackney, Allan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBGR-T3F] - 1912(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2LB Young (1932-1934); 2LB Cootamundra (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 917, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 153, 1934; COCP3 228, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Corrimal, NSW, 1949); engineering assistant (Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1963); grazier (Dungowan, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''HADLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Lionel Trimble Hadley|Hadley, Arthur Lionel Trimble &quot;Doc&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7ZX-G9Y] - 1900(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4AH Brisbane (Clifton Hill, 1930-1933; Dutton Park, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 636, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1, federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Taringa, 1921); salesman (Toowong, 1922-1925); motor assembler (Yeronga, 1929); radio mechanic (South Brisbane, 1937); technician (Annerley, 1949-1958); retired (Inala, 1958; Seven Hills, 1963)

* [[/C. Hadley|Hadley, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Mayfield, 1934); 2MT Wollongong (1946) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HADLOW''===

* [[/Martin Lindsay Hadlow|Hadlow, Martin Lindsay]] - 19??(???)-Living  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - radio clubs (NZDXRL, ARDXC, DXA); early wireless and broadcasting historian (Ph.D. Thesis) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ_411422/s40842756_phd_thesis.pdf?Wireless and Empire Ambition]

===''HAGARTY''===

* [[/Neville Douglas Hagarty|Hagarty, Neville Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G38J-GBJ] - 1907(Qld)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster (on 4WH); radio club participant; business proprietor; pilot; federal public servant (DCA) - Relationships: brother of 4WH William Edward Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: woodworker (Hospital Hill, 1930)

* [[/William Edward Hagarty|Hagarty, William Edward &quot;Edward / Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G384-TL3] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4WH Longreach (1925-1939); 4WH Townsville (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 172, 1925, No. 16 in Qld; 2COCP 271, 1939; 1COCP 309, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; engineer; postal employee (PMG); federal public servant (PMG) - Relationships: brother of Neville Douglas Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Longreach, 1930-1937); aeradio operator (Longreach, 1943); officer commanding aeradio station (Townsville, 1949-1954); communications officer (Townsville, 1958-1963; Mysterton, 1968)

===''HAI''===

* [[/Pham Nhu Hai|Hai, Pham Nhu &quot;Hai&quot;]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Director Broadcasting ITU-R - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

===''HAIGH''===

* [[/Bartin Robert Alfred Read Haigh|Haigh, Bartin Robert Alfred Read]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-J8B] - 1854(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: N752 Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2IA Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1930); poultry farmer (Seven Hills, 1933)

===''HAILSTONE''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Hailstone|Hailstone, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RX-HNS] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2HI Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1936); 2FQ Sydney (Seaforth, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1050, 1932, NSW; COCP2 28, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Mosman, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963; Seaforth, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''HAINES''===

* [[/Claude Lewis Harrison Haines|Haines, Claude Lewis Harrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-8F6] - 1906(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5CH Millicent (1933-1937); 3QM Geelong (Belmont, 1938-1939); 5CH Mt Gambier (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1118, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Belmont, Vic, 1937); engine driver (Mt Gambier, SA, 1941-1943)

===''HAINING''===

* [[/Robert James Haining|Haining, Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBG-N6D] - 1911(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AMQ Sydney (Manly, 1939; Annandale, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947; Auburn, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2319, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1935-1937); soldier (Manly, NSW, 1943); storeman &amp; packer (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1963); storeman (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAINSWORTH''===

* [[/Percy Taylor Hainsworth|Hainsworth, Percy Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-6DR] - 1902(???)-1965(SA) - Licences: 2PK Sydney (Haberfield, 1935-1936; Penrith, 1937-1938); 2AGK Sydney (Penrith, 1938-1939, Hurstville, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1935); electrical fitter (Croydon, NSW, 1936); electrical engineer (Penrith, NSW, 1937)

===''HALE''===

* [[/Carl William Millar Hale|Hale, Carl William Millar &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VR-TPL] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3GH Anglesea (1924-1931+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 120, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, 1924); architect (Hawthorn, 1958-1968; Malvern, 1977-1980)

* [[/Douglas Edgar Hale|Hale, Douglas Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKV4-QR2] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DE Buninyong (1936-1939); 3DE Traralgon (1947-1948); 3DE Morwell (1954-1956); 3DE Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1703, 1936, Vic; BOCP 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Buninyong, Vic, 1937); engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942; Traralgon, Vic, 1949; Morwell, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); consulting engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HALL''===

* [[/Charles Hall|Hall, Charles]] - 1910(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RR Melbourne (Thornbury, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1648, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous CHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey Aitken Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Aitken]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCGR-XKY] - 1901(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely utilised 5KN Point Cook licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 327, 1927, Vic; AIR2 2, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Malvern, Vic, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1967); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Geoffrey Lovett Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDB-ZD3] - 1895(Tas)-1972(Tas) - Licences: Receive Waddamanna (1923-1924); 7GH Waddamanna (1925-1931+); 7GH Hobart (1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 137, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 85, 1937 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); engineer (New Town, 1936-1949)

* [[/Graham George Hall|Hall, Graham George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HN-Z89] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Eng) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931; Hawthorn, 1933); 2AGH Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Strathfield, 1938-1939; Hurstville, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 482, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Abbotsford, 1937); engineer (Hurstville, 1949-1954; South Hurstville, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Allen Hall|Hall, Reginald Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 539, 1929, ??? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Hall|Hall, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3FH Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3FH Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Edward Hall|Hall, Victor Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DJ-ZMK] - 1915(NZ)-2019(Qld)103yo - Licences: 2AKL Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 139, 1938; AIR1 1, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: retired (Brackenridge, Qld, 1980)

* [[/William Hall|Hall, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB1-SF7] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIW Coonamble (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2068, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHs; Individual not fully identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Charles Hall|Hall, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG26-DY6] - 1912(NSW)-2018(NSW) - Licences: 2BH Abermain (1930-1933); 2XT Abermain (1934-1937); 2XT Kurri Kurri (1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2XT Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1950-1965; Toronto, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 643, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Abermain, 1935; Kurri Kurri, 1937-1943); hotel licensee (Newcastle, 1949-1963); retired (Toronto, 1972; Carey Bay, 1977-1980) - Withdrawal: 2BH amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2BH Broken Hill commercial service - Comment: Beware several contemporaneous WCH in Newcastle region

===''HALLAM''===

* [[/William Philpot Hallam|Hallam, William Philpot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MX-Y3J] - 1859(Tas)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XZH Hobart (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD Vic + Federal - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''HALLEY''===

* [[/Thomas William Alfred Halley|Halley, Thomas William Alfred &quot;Alfred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT56-1VP] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3BX Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1932-1939, 1947-1948); 4TI Gold Coast (Chevron Island, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 888, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); builder (Mentone, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); cattle breeder (South Kyneton, Vic, 1963-1967); builder (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Chevron Island, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''HALLIDAY''===

* [[/Eric Fred Halliday|Halliday, Eric Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC26-L5B] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5FW Adelaide (Hectorville, 1935-1939; South Payneham, 1947-1969; Magill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1494, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Crystal Brook, 1939)

===''HALLORAN''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Halloran|Halloran, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-PL7] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2XR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1929); 2XR Sydney (Mosman, 1930-1934; Chatswood, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Cronulla, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935); laboratory assistant (Chatswood, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1943; Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HALYDAY''===

* [[/James Guyler Halyday|Halyday, James Guyler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-PVH] - 1904(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 4HZ Gympie (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2287, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; Gympie ARC); military (WW2); employment (SEAQ linesman) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1943); lineman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HAM''===

* [[/George Wilton Ham|Ham, George Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-P28] - 1905(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1923); 4GW Brisbane (Northgate, 1930-1931; Coorparoo, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 572, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (Toombul RC); employment (Chandlers) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1937; St Lucia, 1943-1968); retired (Jamboree Heights, 1972-1980)

* [[/Guildford Ham|Ham, Guildford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67H-W9Y] - 1906(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 101, 1937 - radio technician - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (South Brisbane, 1928-1937); radio technician (South Brisbane, 1943; Bald Hills, 1943; Annerley, 1954); technician (Wavell Heights, 1958-1963)

* [[/Thomas Edward Ham|Ham, Thomas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88F-R3P] - 1921(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WX Brisbane (Chelmer, 1937-1939); 2AGA Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1947; Carlton, 1948-1950; Sylvannia Heights, 1954-1975); 4AGT Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2056, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sylvannia, 1954-1968); mechanic (Sylvannia, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Buderim, 1980)

===''HAMILTON''===

* [[/G. C. Hamilton|Hamilton, G. C. or C. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGH Sydney (Woollahra, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John William Ormsby Hamilton|Hamilton, John William Ormsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MG65-XRC] - 1869(Tas)-1944(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Australian representative of Pacific Radio Telegraph Co and Marconi Telegraph Co, promoted a scheme to link Aus/NZ/Pacific Islands (rejected by Aus Gov 1909), migrated to England to work for Marconi, donated Ormsby Hamilton Radio Prize in memory of his father Thomas Ormsby Hamilton - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

* [[/Joy Ruth Hamilton|Hamilton, Joy Ruth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB7J-Z3J] - 1924(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HJ Sydney (Croydon, NSW, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 199, 1947, NSW - amateur operator YL; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1963); trustee officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Lionel William Hanover Hamilton|Hamilton, Lionel William Hanover]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-LJG] - 1903(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1177, 1933, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Commonwealth Bank, Innisfail, Qld, 1925; Merthyr, Qld, 1928; Nambour, Qld, 1930-1934); bank officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1958)

===''HAMMER''===

* [[/William Charles Hammer|Hammer, William Charles &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPX-N2W] - 1915(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939, 1946-1975; Waverton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1571, 1935, NSW; AOLCP 267, 1935; COCP2 74, 1936; COCP1 893, 1945  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1949); public servant (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1963); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAMMOND''===

* [[/John Harold Hammond|Hammond, John Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HP-67H] - 1875(NSW)-1932(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: barrister-at-law (Ashfield, 1913); barrister (Killara, 1930-1932)

* [[/Herbert Bowes Hammond|Hammond, Herbert Bowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-2PK] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2NI Sydney (Chatswood, 1925; Epping, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928; Naremburn, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 64, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 895, 1925 12; 2COCP 318, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Naremburn, NSW, 1930); musician (Terrigal, NSW, 1932-1949); process worker (Meadow Bank, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Horace Arthur Hammond|Hammond, Horace Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-5ZP] - 1898(Eng)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6CH Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1922-1925; Swanbourne, WA, 1929-1931)

===''HANCOCK''===

* [[/G. A. Hancock|Hancock, C. A. or G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V748 Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922); 3GU Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/D'Arcy Maxwell Hancock|Hancock, D'Arcy Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCG4-L3Y] - 1910(SA)-2017(SA)107yo - Licences: 5RJ Kadina (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 5RJ Adelaide (Mitchell Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 356, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kadina, 1947)

* [[/Garnet Robert Lovedale Hancock|Hancock, Garnet Robert Lovedale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT22-2P2] - 1909(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Northcote, 1932, 1948-1969; Clifton Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1063, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Newmarket, Vic, 1931-1937); telegraphist (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Collingwood, Vic, 1949-1968; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAND''===

* [[/Frederick William Hand|Hand, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L89Y-XMP] - 1921(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3YH Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947); 7YH Georgetown (1954); 7YH Cascade (1955); 7YH Seven Mile Beach (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2289, 1939, Vic; BOCP 914, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); electrician (George Town, Tas, 1954); engineer (Seven Mile Beach, Tas, 1963); technician (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HANDEL''===

* [[/Keith Frederick Handel|Handel, Keith Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5TF-KYH] - 1913(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2IA Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939, 1946; Roseville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1413, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1943; Earlwood, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''HANDS''===

* [[/Douglas Anstruther Hands|Hands, Douglas Anstruther]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G361-FBG] - 1916(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ZV Sydney (Annandale, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1264, 1934, NSW; COCP2 119, 1937; COCP1 987, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Hands|Hands, Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKX7-GFQ] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Camperdown, 1934-1935; Annandale, 1936; Manly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1344, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annandale, NSW, 1935-1936); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); co-ordinating officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HANHAM''===

* [[/Frank Stewart Hanham|Hanham, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN42-933] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3BJ Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 839, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1934-1942); electrical mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1949); technician (Strathmore, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HANNAFORD''===

* [[/Bruce Hannaford|Hannaford, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9Q-BXV] - 1918(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 2ALR Maitland West (1939); 2ALR Katoomba (1946-1947); 2ALR Maitland (1948); 2ALR Cessnock (1950); 5DT Adelaide (Finchley Park, 1954; Reynella, 1955); 5DT Port Augusta (1956); 2XI Broken Hill (1958-1960); 5XI Adelaide (CBD, 1965); 5XI Peterborough (1969); 5XI Adelaide (Athelstone, 1975; Elizabeth Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2262, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 87, 1946; BOCP 789, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (West Maitland, NSW, 1943); farmer (Wallace Creek, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1958)

===''HANNAM''===

* [[/Harold William Hannam|Hannam, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G83F-J78] - 1913(NSW)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 2IR Sydney (Hurstville South, 1935-1937); 2IR Orange (1938-1939); Sydney (South Hurstville, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1472, 1935, Qld; BOCP 9, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Orange, 1943; Hurstville, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, 1949-1954; Moorabbin, 1963)

* [[/Walter Henry Hannam|Hannam, Walter Henry &quot;Wally&quot; &quot;Wal&quot;, &quot;Doc&quot;, &quot;Fatty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273W-H9T] - 1885(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XQI Stamford, Qld (1911-1914); 2YH Sydney (Balmain, 1924; Mosman, 1924-1933; Willoughby, 1934-1939); 2AXH Terrigal (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 27, 1924, No. 10 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, first secretary 1910); wireless operator Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1912-1914) - Relationships: don't confuse with father William Henry Hannam of Hannams Ltd, engineers &amp; sheet metal workers - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Walter Henry Hannam|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/biography/hannam_walter.php Bio1]; [https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/history/people/walter-hannam/ Bio2]

===''HANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Silvester Thomas Hanscombe|Hanscombe, Silvester Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNQ-8VR] - 1908(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Waverley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1949); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); mail officer (Peakhurst, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''HANSEN''===

* [[/Harold William Hansen|Hansen, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-45T] - 1914(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4FH Brisbane (Forest Hill, 1935-1939); 4SV Brisbane (Bulimba, 1948-1965; Carina, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1508, 1935, Qld; BOCP 1039, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, 1937, radio technician); state public servant (BCC, communications officer) - Relationships: father of Graham Hansen 4FV - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Forest Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); WT Operator (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Maryborough, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Carina, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''HARDGRAVE''===

* [[/Philip Hardgrave|Hardgrave, Philip &quot;Pop&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPF-XL5] - 1857(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4PH Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1150, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: oldest person in British Empire to obtain a full licence - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Wellington Point, 1916-1928)

===''HARDIE''===

* [[/Bruce Netherton Kilgour Hardie|Hardie, Bruce Netherton Kilgour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ95-FMJ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3YX Melbourne (Garden Vale, 1925-1933; City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 49, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WIA Vic - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1934; City, 1935-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1963) - Links: [https://aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=126495 AIF]

===''HARDING''===

* [[/Charles Henry Victor Harding|Harding, Charles Henry Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-5DW] - 1898(Irl)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6DG Receive Albany (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albany, WA, 1922-1925; Pingelly, WA, 1931-1954; South Perth, WA, 1958); retired (Como, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lewis George Herbert Harding|Harding, Lewis George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVN6-7KQ] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Footscray, 1934-1939; Box Hill, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1281, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963)

===''HARDINGE''===

* [[/Biron Elliot Hardinge|Hardinge, Biron Elliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8FG-YWQ] - 1912(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3TA Melbourne (Ormond, 1931); 3TA Horsham (1933-1939, 1947-1960); 3TA Healesville (1965-1975); 3ATA Portable Horsham (1947-1960); 3ATA Mobile Healesville (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 734, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1954; Healesville, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HARDISTY''===

* [[/David Charles Hardisty|Hardisty, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-C4W] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DH Perth (Victoria Park, 1926-1939; West Perth, 1946-1948; Applecross, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 273, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Victoria Park, 1931-1943); radio mechanic (Applecross, 1954-1980)

===''HARDMAN''===

* [[/Cecil Alfred Hardman|Hardman, Cecil Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZML-FK6] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KR Gunnedah (1931-1937); 2KR Woy Woy (1938-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 779, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Gunnedah, NSW, 1934-1936; Woy Woy, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HARDY''===

* [[/Walter Robert Hardy|Hardy, Walter Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD3F-GM7] - 1900(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Glebe, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 187, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1932-1933; Glebe, NSW, 1935); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1968); journalist (Carlton, NSW, 1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977)

===''HARKIN''===

* [[/Dennis James Harkin|Harkin, Denis or Dennis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G45Q-9PH] - 1903(SA)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YN Receive Melbourne (Prahran, 1923); 3KF Melbourne (Kensington, 1924-1925); 3YN Melbourne (Preston, 1924-1926); 4YN Bowen (1927); 3YN Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1931); 3YY Newport (1938); 6YN Pearce (1938); 3ADJ Melbourne (Prahran, 1946-1948; Middle Park, 1954-1956; Thornbury, 1960-1975); 4ADJ Maryborough (1980) - Qualifications: CPRT 782, 1923; 1COCP 280, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club participant (WIAQ); career military (RAAF); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1926; Brunswick, Vic, 1931; Newport, 1937); RAAF (Clifton Hill, 1942); technician (Prahran, 1949; Albert Park, 1954); radio technician (Thornbury, 1963-1972); nil (Maryborough, 1977-1980)

===''HARKNESS''===

* [[/Keith Lynn Harkness|Harkness, Keith Lynn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKYJ-DNT] - 1906(NSW)-1998(Norfolk Island) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Double Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1320, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1936); warehouseman salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1943); traveller (Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARLEN''===

* [[/John Edward Harlen|Harlen, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8MP-TWB] - 1884(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Sunnybank, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1908); fruit grower (Sunnybank, Qld, 1912-1949)

===''HARLEY''===

* [[/Gordon Nicoll Harley|Harley, Gordon Nicoll]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-41H] - 1901(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: &quot;4AR Unlicensed&quot; Ipswich (1926-1928); 4GH Ipswich (1928-1933); 4GH Didcott (1937-1939); 4GH Maryborough (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 385, 1928, No. 43 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio manufacture); employment (school teacher); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brassall, 1925); school teacher (Didcot, 1936-1943); teacher (Maryborough, 1949); school teacher (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''HARMAN''===

* [[/Henry Charles Harman|Harman, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHT-KP6] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2XH Kurri Kurri (1931-1935); 2GH Sydney (Raymond Terrace, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 861, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1934-1937); RAAF (Raymond Terrace, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARMER''===

* [[/George Harmer|Harmer, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRTY-KHZ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4XW Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1956; Coorparoo, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1301, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIAQ); telephone technician (PMGD); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''HARRANTH''===

* [[/Wolf Harranth|Harranth, Wolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBY-MY8] - 1941(Austria)-2021(Austria) - Licences: OE1WHC Austria - curator of Dokufunk, host of the world's largest collection of amateur radio and broadcast QSLs; amateur radio operator; broadcast announcer; historian (amateur radio, broadcasting); children's book author; translator - provided the core of the WIA QSL collection - Links: [[w:Wolf_Harranth|Wikipedia]]; [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/OE1WHC/ Ham Gallery]; [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/personalities/index.php?CID=12863&amp;ID=37418#A37418 Dokufunk Tributes]

===''HARRIS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Harris|Harris, Alfred Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY1-F4K] - 1900(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3CH Birchip (1926-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 303, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; class B licence?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous ACHs - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ouyen, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Birchip, Vic, 1925-1954; Power Station, Ouyen, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Harris|Harris, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G59V-NG6] - 1880(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XGR Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: tailor's cutter (North Sydney, NSW, 1913); tailor (Dee Why, NSW, 1930-1933); cutter (Manly, NSW, 1934-1935; Balgowlah, NSW, 1936-1943); tailor (Seaforth, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ross Clifford Harris|Harris, Ross Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y2-DZF] - 1917(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5FL Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1939; Malvern, 1947-1948; Hawthorn, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1651, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Valentine Harms Harris|Harris, Valentine Harms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PM-FDM] - 1909(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6NL Perth (Shenton Park, 1935-1939; Applecross,  1947-1969); 6NL Denmark (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1579, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 6YL Ruth Victoria Harris nee Longley - Electoral Rolls: garage employee (Subiaco, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); mechanic (Applecross, WA, 1949-1972)

===''HARRISON''===

* [[/Arthur Roberts Harrison|Harrison, Arthur Roberts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J7-YHJ] - 1909(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2DT Sydney (Stanmore, 1934-1939, 1948-1961; Concord West, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1326, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1958; Stanmore, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Haydn Harrison|Harrison, Maurice Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-KWV] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2OY Sydney (Paddington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 18, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Parkes, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); policeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); police sergeant (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Percival Lionel Carr Harrison|Harrison, Percival Lionel Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-VDC] - 1912(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6LH Perth (Claremont, 1937-1939; Armadale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1909, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); civil servant (Armadale, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Victor William Harrison|Harrison, Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSM-2BS] - 1911(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QD Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948; North Balwyn, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1949, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''HARRISS''===

* [[/Alfred George Harriss|Harriss, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8HN-THZ] - 1873(Eng)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator; radio clubs (Longreach Radio Club); business proprietor (Jackson &amp; Harriss) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Longreach, 1930) - Relationships: father of Dorothy Winnifred Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss

* [[/Dorothy Winnifred Harriss|Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGYC-3CP] - 1905(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4DH Longreach (1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 573, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); first YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: typist (Longreach, 1930); home duties (Longreach, 1936-1943; Warwick, 1949; Toowoomba, 1954-1977; Macgregor, 1980) - Relationships: daughter of Alfred George Harriss

* [[/Wilfred Lloyd Harriss|Harriss, Wilfred Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQ2-MS6] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ALF Sydney (Coogee, 1939, 1946-1960; Lugarno, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1285, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Coogee, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Coogee, NSW, 1958; Lugarno, NSW, 1963-1968; Falconbridge, NSW, 1972; Springwood, NSW, 1977)

===''HARRISSON''===

* [[/Charles Harrisson|Harrisson, Charles &quot;Snowy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-VK3] - 1908(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1933); 3CN Shepparton (1937-1939, 1948); 7CH Hobart (Moonah, 1954-1960); 7CH Burnie (1965); 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 348, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Charles Turnbull Harrisson, biologist in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1949); bank manager (Moonah, Tas, 1954)

===''HARSTON''===

* [[/Leslie William Harston|Harston, Leslie William or William Leslie &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQD-XVY] - 1897(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1932-1939, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 903, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (art shop) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Clayfield, Qld, 1921-1943); no occupation (Holland Park, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''HART''===

* [[/Augustus Samuel Hart|Hart, Augustus Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CMQ-4CP] - 1890(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 57, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Watchem, Vic, 1912; Glen Thompson, 1913); wireless engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Esperance, 1943); telegraphist (Darwin, 1949); wireless officer (Moonee Ponds, 1963-1968; Essendon, 1972)

* [[/James Claude Hoyte John Hart|Hart, James Claude Hoyte John &quot;Hoyte John&quot;, &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWC-W4C] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HO Sydney (Manly, 1928-1931; Roseville, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1975; Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 410, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 4622, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1933-1954; St Ives, 1958-1963); retired (St Ives, 1968-1977; Manly, 1980)

* [[/John William Hart|Hart, John William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2399, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman Victor Hart|Hart, Norman Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNK3-TXW] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4KO Booval (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 760, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIA, Ipswich RC); engineer - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Booval, 1932-1937); grocer (Booval, 1943-1949); radio technician (Booval, 1954-1972; East Ipswich, 1977-1980)

* [[/William James Hart|Hart, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-MW8] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ACA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1938); 2ACA Orange (1939); 2ACA Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1947); 2ACR Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 69, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Marrickville, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); public servant (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/William John Hart|Hart, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-CKN] - 1926(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2YQ Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 589, 1958; AOCP 3819, 1959; COCP3 4611, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HARTLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Hartley|Hartley, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP58-YDC] - 1911(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1939, 1946-1965; Greenacre, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1218, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1934-1937); welder (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Greenacre, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HARVEY''===

* [[/B. C. L. Harvey|Harvey, B. C. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAC Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Colin Geoffrey Harvey|Harvey, Colin Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC4-31J] - 1920(Vic)-2010(ACT) - Licences: 3UO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; East St Kilda, 1947-1956); 2AQU Glenbrook (1958-1961); 1AU Canberra (Hughes, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1695, 1936, Vic; BOCP 203, 1938; TVOCP 31, 1957; 1COCP N26, 1970 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, 1944) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGH - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Armadale, Vic, 1949);  RAAF (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958; Hughes, ACT, 1968-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1528008 AWM]

* [[/Edward Rossiter Harvey|Harvey, Edward Rossiter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBP-BK8] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6RG Perth (Scarborough, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4RK Surfers Paradise (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2041, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Leederville, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1943); newsagent (Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); shopkeeper (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1963); proprietor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Mermaid Waters, Qld, 1980)

* [[/James Harvey|Harvey, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WJW] - 1907(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Buranda, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ZJO Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2235, 1938, Qld; NAOCP Q3, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth Public Servant (Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Joseph Melville Harvey|Harvey, Joseph Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHSW-R2Z] - 1892(Tas)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CG Receive Donnybrook (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agriculturalist (Thomson's Brook, Donnybrook, WA, 1930-1963)

* [[/Manning Herbert Harvey|Harvey, Manning Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZGG-LFZ] - 1887(Tas)-1932(Tas) - Licences: XZC Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1914-1928)

===''HASELDINE''===

* [[/John Craig Haseldine|Haseldine, John Craig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTV-TNW] - 1918(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1947-1965; Pennington, 1969); 3QG Melbourne (Mulgrave, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2391, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: serviceman (Cheltenham, SA, 1939; Burleigh Estate, SA, 1941); electrician (Mulgrave, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HASKARD''===

* [[/Reginald Geoffrey Haskard|Haskard, Reginald Geoffrey &quot;Geoff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-S35] - 1906(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Jamestown, 1923-1924); 5RH Adelaide (Jamestown, 1927-1931; North Adelaide, 1933; Malvern, 1937-1939; Helmsdale, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1975; West Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 316, 1927, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1558, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retreader (Malvern, 1939-1941); wireless operator (Malvern, 1943)

===''HASSELBACH''===

* [[/Edward Hasselbach|Hasselbach, Edward or Eduard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZS2-GZH] - 1849(Germany)-1928(Vic) - Licences: XKN Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914; Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1928)

===''HATFIELD''===

* [[/Westrop Henry Hatfield|Hatfield, Westrop Henry &quot;West&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-VF5] - 1909(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''HATTAM''===

* [[/Fred Hattam|Hattam, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-QDL] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3HW Castlemaine (1929-1939); 3BAL Castlemaine (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 541, 1929, Vic; BOCP 410, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Castlemaine, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Castlemaine, 1954-1967); engineer (Castlemaine, 1968-1972)

===''HATTON''===

* [[/Donald Edsall Hatton|Hatton, Donald Edsall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB2-YHY] - 1925(NSW)-2009(Vic) - Licences: 2AI Sydney (Abbotsford, 1947-1954; Vaucluse, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 34, 1946, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton - Comment: Died with wife in 2009 Vic bushfires - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949-1954); scientist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963; Templestowe, Vic, 1967-1977) - Links: [http://royalcommission.vic.gov.au/getdoc/f95fb3fc-117e-46c7-b2cc-22ec17a5dd88/Transcript_VBRC_Day_117_04-Mar-2010-REDACTED.pdf Bushfire Royal Commission]

* [[/Harry Creighton Hatton|Hatton, Harry Creighton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH1R-8XB] - 1893(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Abbotsford, 1923); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) (1946 to 1955, licence held with son Kenneth Harry Hatton) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Gunner, 1915-1918, Gassed) - Relationships: Father of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton &amp; 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: Fitter &amp; turner with Warburton Franki (1915, Army enlistment); fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/Kenneth Harry Hatton|Hatton, Kenneth Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKML-N4T] - 1921(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1947; Epping, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1946-1955) (licence held with Harry Creighton Hatton); 2AGU Sydney (Pymble, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2104, 1938, NSW; COCP2 363, 1940; COCP1 451, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: airline radio officer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Pymble, NSW, 1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963); airline navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1968); navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAVYATT''===

* [[/Alaric Havyatt|Havyatt, Alaric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMK7-5XZ] - 1917(NZ)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AET Sydney (Double Bay, 1936-1938; Edgecliff, 1939, 1946-1947; Roseville, 1948-1958); 2AZQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1969; Woolwich, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1825, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); student (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1972-1977; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1980)

===''HAWKER''===

* [[/H. Hawker|Hawker, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XHH Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HAWKESWORTH''===

* [[/Norman John Hawkesworth|Hawkesworth, Norman John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CQ-CB8] - 1908(NSW)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Auburn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2361, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); labourer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936); waiter (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); radio wireman (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1968); radio worker (Auburn, Vic, 1972); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAWKINS''===

* [[/Henry William Albert Hawkins|Hawkins, Henry William Albert &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GF-3WX] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Cessnock (1932-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1073, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Cessnock, NSW, 1935-1972)

===''HAWORTH''===

* [[/William Haworth|Haworth, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G823-JT3] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences Q737 Receive Qld (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ironside Estate, 1917); mechanic (Taringa, 1921-1928); lineman (North Tmborine, 1931); electrical mechanic (Eagle Heights, 1936; Toowong, 1937); telephone mechanic (Bundaberg, 1943-1949); technician (Toowong, 1954-1972); retired (Caloundra, 1977-1980)

===''HAWSON''===

* [[/Thomas Edgar Cecil Hawson|Hawson, Thomas Edgar Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-ZV9] - 1916(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Ipswich (Woodend, 1937-1939; East Ipswich, 1947-1948); 4CH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1969; Salisbury, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2016, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: agent (Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (East Ipswich, Qld, 1949); storekeeper (Windsor, Qld, 1954; Yeronga, Qld, 1958; Salisbury, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''HAY''===

* [[/Patrick Walsh Hay|Hay, Patrick Walsh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-8Q9] - 1918(NSW)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 2ADW Sydney (Lidcombe, 1936-1938; Sefton, 1939); 4PH Toowoomba (1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1730, 1930, NSW; BOCP 639, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sefton, NSW, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Toowoomba North, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''HAYES''===

* [[/William Lyall Hayes|Hayes, William Lyall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-GGX] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AJL Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939; Chatswood, 1946-1954; Artarmon, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2082, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1954; Artarmon, NSW, 1958-1968); chemist (Artarmon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAYLES''===

* [[/Ernest Edward Hayles|Hayles, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQT-F9K] - 1911(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4HY Innisfail (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 2AHY Wollongong (1954-1958); 2AHY Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1960-1969; Roseville, 1975); 2AHY Alstonville (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2153, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1949; Wollongong, NSW, 1954); dental technician (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''HAYMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Hayman|Hayman, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ19-MCS] - 1888(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 26, 1914 - coastal wireless Operator (Broome, WA); radio telegraphist at WW1 enlistment; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Kaiapoi, NZ, 1911; Christchurch, NZ, 1919-1935; Fendleton, NZ, 1946-1949); retired (Fendalton, NZ, 1957; Papanui, NZ, 1972)

* [[/William George Inglis Hayman|Hayman, William George Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-CX1] - 1897(Eng)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BG Perth (Claremont, 1925); 6GH Perth (Claremont, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist; educator - Electoral Rolls: lecturer (Claremont, 1922-1929); engineer (Claremont, 1931-1954); civil servant (Claremont, 1958-1968) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hayman-william-george-12971 ADB]

===''HAYNES''===

* [[/Bruce Lot Henry Haynes|Haynes, Bruce Lot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC44-8M4] - 1898(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Armidale (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Armidale, 1930-1936); poultry farmer (West Pennant Hills, 1943-1958)

* [[/Thomas Ambrose John Haynes|Haynes, Thomas Ambrose John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSC5-WXM] - 1902(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5AY Adelaide (Black Forest Estate, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 835, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Black Forest, 1939-1943)

* [[/Walter Charles Henry Haynes|Haynes, Walter Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWS-2LW] - 1910(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2XH Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947); 2APH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1960; Oatley, 1961-1965; Sylvania Waters, 1969); 4APH Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2404, 1939, NSW; BOCP 569, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1963); tv technician (Sylvania, NSW, 1968); acting superintendent (Fern Tree Gully, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

===''HAZARD''===

* [[/Cleveland Tidcombe Hazard|Hazard, Cleveland Tidcombe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BS-QML] - 1897(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XNT Melbourne (Brighton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, 4th Field Artillery, medically discharged, multiple gunshot wounds, 1915-1918 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murrabit, Vic, 1919-1927); clerk (Glen Innes, NSW, 1930-1932); accountant (Merewether, NSW, 1933-1937); civil servant (Toxteth, NSW, 1943); public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HAZLETT''===

* [[/Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett|Hazlett, Royce Stanley Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXX4-F38] - 1932(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4ZRH Brisbane (Wellers Hill, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1159, 1961, Qld - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4EO Stanley Albert Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1963); electrical contractor (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1968-1972); contractor (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley Albert Hazlett|Hazlett, Stanley Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC33-RH7] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4EO Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 4ZRH Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1925-1928); buyer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''HEARPS''===

* Hearps, David Edward - See David Edward Vaughan (change of name)

===''HEATH''===

* [[/Allan Harry Heath|Heath, Allan Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y4-4DT] - 1914(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5ZX Adelaide (Prospect Park, 1934-1939; Highgate, 1947-1956; Brighton, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1369, 1934, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''HEATHERS''===

* [[/Cyril John Heathers|Heathers, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XN-NG9] - 1909(Eng)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2GZ Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1934); 2UA Sydney (Bankstown, 1935-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 615, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bankstown, 1930-1943); telephone engineer (Artarmon, 1949-1968); engineer (Artarmon, 1977-1980) - Comment: 2GZ callsign likely withdrawn by PMGD for 2GZ Orange commercial

===''HEAVEY''===

* [[/John Aloysius Heavey|Heavey, John Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS8F-RNN] - 1894(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2XK Sydney (Maroubra, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1916, NSW (Marconi); COCP1 40, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Wellington, NZ, 1919); wireless worker (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless industry (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); technician (OTC Radio Receiving Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''HEDLEY''===

* [[/Charles Hedley|Hedley, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54F-R7Z] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1933; Mayfield, 1935-1938); 2MT Wollongong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1174, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930-1934; Mayfield, NSW, 1935-1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1968; Mngrtn, 1977; Wollongong West, NSW, 1980)

===''HEEPS''===

* [[/Frank William Heeps|Heeps, Frank William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y3-MPG] - 1911(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3ADX Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2362, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Richmond South, Vic, 1934-1936); brass finisher (Richmond, Vic, 1937); metal worker (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HEHIR''===

* [[/William James Hehir|Hehir, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYYL-PY2] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3RE Melbourne (Kew, 1935-1939, 1947); 3RE Hamilton (1948-1980+); 3ARE Mobile/Portable Hamilton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1520, 1935, Vic; BOCP 150, 1938; AIR3 6, 1938; AIR2 8, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); pilot (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1949-1968); engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HEILBRONN''===

* [[/George Heilbronn|Heilbronn, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJHL-PW3] - 1894(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4GG Chinchilla (1929-1939); 4GG Yarraman (1946-1955); 4GG Crows Nest (1956); 4GG Millmerran (1960); 4GG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 565, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Qld Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fireman (Chinchilla, 1925-1937); locomotive driver (Yarraman, 1954); engine driver (Millmerran, 1943-1958); retired (Wynnum, 1963-1968)

===''HEIMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Heimann|Heimann or Heiman Von Koenigswerter, Theodore Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSZ-JXK] - 1910(SA)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TH Wagga Wagga (1935-1937); 2TH Sydney (Hurstone Park, 1938-1939); 2TH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2TH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1948-1950; Bondi, 1954-1969); 2TH Newcastle (Lorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optometrist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1931-1937); radio technician (Urana, NSW, 1949); secretary (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (North Maitland, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HEINE''===

* [[/John Frederick Heine|Heine, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VS-V1F] - 1908(Tas)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 7JK Hobart (City, 1927; Bellerive, 1931); 4JX Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1933; Ascot, 1935; Kangaroo Point, 1937; Mowbray Park, 1938-1939); 3JF Melbourne (Beaumaris) (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 355, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934; Norman Park, Qld, 1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); representative (Beaumaris, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HEINECKE''===

* [[/Heinrich Victor Heinecke|Heinecke, Heinrich Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJ7-SF9] - 1889(Vic)-1971(SA) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912); engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1914); electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1919; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1942)

===''HEINRICH''===

* [[/William Latimer Heinrich|Heinrich, William Latimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG5-S7Y] - 1917(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5HR Bute (1934-1939); 5HR Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1376, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmhand (Bute, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HEITSCH''===

* [[/Henry John Keith Heitsch|Heitsch, Henry John Keith or Heinrich Johann]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CV-QYP] - 1907(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 3HK Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1939, 1947-1975); 4AHK Scarness (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 516, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: piano fitter (Mitcham, 1931-1954); technician (Mitcham, 1963-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1980)

===''HELLAWELL''===

* [[/Francis Herbert Hellawell|Hellawell, Francis Herbert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK5G-478] - 1885(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio clubs (member, WIQ); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, 1913-1914; Coorparoo, 1919; East Annerley, 1925; Annerley, 1929-1934); clerk (Brisbane City, 1937); no occupation (Beachmere, 1943-1949; Annerley, 1954-1958)

===''HELLICAR''===

* [[/Geoffrey Charles Hellicar|Hellicar, Geoffrey Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWD-5M8] - 1916(???)-1932(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 928, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HELLYER''===

* [[/Leicester Henry Hellyer|Hellyer, Leicester Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFNW-BTC] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Rockdale, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 600, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Rockdale, 1930-1933; Manly, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936-1937; Willoughby, 1943; Artarmon, 1949-1963; Newport, 1968-1977)

===''HENDERSON''===

* [[/Frederick James Henderson|Henderson, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-XRX] - 1891(Eng)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 208, 1916 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/S. A. Henderson|Henderson, S. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JN Adelaide (Walkerville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HENLEY''===

* [[/Clarence Henley|Henley, Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQ9-Z2S] - 1887(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJCC Melbourne (Clayton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual is best fit but not fully identified (Licensed as CHH rather than CH) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1912-1913); farmer (Milawa, Vic, 1922); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1924-1937)

===''HENNESSEY''===

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] - 1896(Qld)-19?? - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcasters - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld

===''HENRIQUES''===

* [[/Frederick Lester Henriques|Henry, Frederick Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W1P-SBF] - 1883(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2FH Sydney (Hunter's Hill &amp; Motor Launch Amohine) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1936; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937-1943)

===''HENRY''===

* [[/Arthur Geddes Henry|Henry, Arthur Geddes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4QW-K9Z] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK Sydney (Sandringham, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 494, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Sandringham, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (San Souci, NSW, 1949-1963; Northbridge, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Clement John Henry|Henry, Clement John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6T-RPC] - 1905(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Uralla (1923); 2CH Uralla (1924-1929); 2UR Uralla (1930-1939); 2UR Blakehurst (1946); 2UR Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 85, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Withdrawal: 2CH callsign withdrawn in 1930 for 2CH Sydney - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Uralla, 1930-1937); electrical fitter (RAAF Richmond, 1943); technician (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954; Pymble, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Edwin Henry|Henry, John Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL6B-GD6] - 1868(Vic)-1933(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Receive Mt Alford via Boonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: baker (Gundy, NSW, 1913); farmer (Boonah, Qld, 1917-1921); storekeeper (Mt Alford, Qld, 1922-1926); baker (Dayboro, Qld, 1928; Wondai, Qld, 1931)

* [[/Raymond Cherrington Henry|Henry, Raymond Cherrington &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-C1Y] - 1894(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5CY Cook (1935-1939); 5RY Adelaide (Goodwood, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1421, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Son, also named RCH, passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles Henry|Henry, Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNW-VF7] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AGC Tamworth (1937-1939); 2GZ Griffith (1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1890, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Hanwood, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Griffith, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''HENTZE''===

* [[/Phillip Raoul Hentze|Hentze, Phillip Raoul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2C-9RP] - 1905(Germany)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Sydney (Killara, 1927-1928); 2RN Sydney (Manly, 1933; Darling Point, 1935-1936; Killara, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 326, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool buyer (Killara, NSW, 1930; Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Killara, NSW, 1937); Commonwealth wool appraiser (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943-1949); wool buyer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1963); director (Palm Beach, NSW, 1972); manager (Palm Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HENWOOD''===

* [[/Ralph Franklin Henwood|Henwood, Ralph Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89X-CF6] - 1912(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6RL Perth (North Perth, 1930-1933; Claremont, 1937); 6RL Northam (1946-1948); 2AXA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1960-1961); 6RL Perth (Claremont, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 720, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 2, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Claremont, 1936); radio operator (6AM) (Northam, 1937); radio technician (Northam, 1943-1949; Claremont, 1954); technician (Bellevue Hill, 1958; Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977)

===''HEPTON''===

* [[/William Dean Hepton|Hepton, William Dean &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRBB-VN5] - 1898(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4WD Brisbane (Milton, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 918, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, instructor 1932-1935) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1921; Milton, Qld, 1925-1963)

===''HERD''===

* [[/James Kinross Herd|Herd, James Kinross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-YSQ] - 1901(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JK Baccus Marsh (1924-1927); 3JK Wangaratta (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 3JK Mornington (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 36, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: surgeon dentist (Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1924-1928); dentist (Wangaratta, Vic, 1937-1954); dental surgeon (Frankston, Vic, 1963)

===''HERMAN''===

* [[/Leonard George Herman|Herman or Hermann, Leonard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2Q-LW1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3NF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1905, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HERMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Hermann|Hermann, Theodore Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1239, 1934, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HERSCHEL''===

* [[/Henry Victor Herschel|Herschel, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N6-76H] - 1902(Qld)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4UK Cairns (1929-1931); 4UK Toowoomba (1933); 4UK Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 564, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1925; Cairns, 1930; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937)- Comment: Passed too soon

===''HESKETH''===

* [[/John Hesketh|Hesketh, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2B-YFT] - 1868(Eng)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XJEB Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; senior state public servant (Qld electrical engineer); senior federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer); military (Royal Engineers, Eng; Qld Defence Force, lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1917) - Links: [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/John_Hesketh IEE Bio]; [http://www.consuleng.com.au/Early%20Automatic%20Telephony%20in%20Australia%20-%20Moynihan%201985.pdf Automatic Telephony]

===''HEWITT''===

* [[/Archibald John Hewitt|Hewitt, Archibald John &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DZ-TNY] - 1910(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939); 5XK Kingscote (1946-1948); 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1954; College Park, 1955-1956; Lucindale, 1960; Semaphore, 1965-1969; Ottaway, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 582, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Kingscote, 1939-1941)

* [[/Clarence Richard Hewitt|Hewitt, Clarence Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6D1-718] - 1900(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Brisbane (Rosalie, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1919); student (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1921-1926); moulder (Rosalie, Qld, 1928); carpenter (Rosalie, Qld, 1936-1943; Indooroopilly, Qld, 1949); hotel manager (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Colin Frederick Hewitt|Hewitt, Colin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-F2K] - 1928(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CT Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1948-1955; Blair Athol, 1956-1965; Prospect, 1969; Banksia Park, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2819, 1948, SA; BOCP 1344, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Hewitt|Hewitt, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-PMC] - 1909(Vic)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2074, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 10th Squadron, 1939-1941, passed flying battle, 2nd wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: postal (Caulfield East, Vic, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721780 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325082 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/796889 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Horace Thomas Hewitt|Hewitt, Horace Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MN6S-JBL] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PD Brisbane (Moorooka, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2377, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hodgson, Qld, 1925; Bowen, Qld, 1930); mechanic (Roma, Qld, 1936-1937); turner (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Thomas George Hewitt|Hewitt, Thomas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-PLM] - 1900(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 4TH Cairns (1937-1939); 2LH Lismore (1946-1961); 2ATG Lennox Head (1955-1961) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cairns, Qld, 1930-1943; Lismore, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''HEY''===

* [[/Eric Charles Hey|Hey, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-9NK] - 1916(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP N2736, 1987, NSW; AOCP N1874, 1988 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); student (Coogee, NSW, 1954-1958); dental surgeon (Coogee, NSW, 1968); dentist (Coogee, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/hey-eric-charles-16914 Obituaries Australia]

===''HIAM''===

* [[/Robert Charles Hiam|Hiam, Robert Charles &quot;Charles&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCT-14T] - 1888(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XLD Melbourne (Balaclava, 1913-1914); 3LW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1931; Caulfield North, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 174, 1915 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tailor (St Kilda, 1913-1928; Caulfield, 1931-1968); retired (Beaumaris, 1972-1980)

===''HIBBERT''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Hibbert|Hibbert, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R2-Y8N] - 1899(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Cootamundra (1929-1935) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 391, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ermington, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Gwendolyn near Budgewoi, NSW, 1972; Samarinda Point, NSW, 1980)

===''HICKS''===

* [[/Charles McCall Hicks|Hicks, Charles McCall &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-L88] - 1921(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1938-1939, 1946-1955; Whale Beach, 1956-1958); 2ADV Forster (1960-1965); 2ADV Sydney (Avalon, 1969; Palm Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2097, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1942); cutter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1949); director (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); company director (Forster, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Henry Joseph Hicks|Hicks, Henry Joseph &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QG-RRR] - 1913(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 1HH Macquarie Island (1955-1956); 4HG Willis Island (1963); 9HG Lae, New Guinea (1965-1969); 4HG Tolga (1975-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 2468, 1941, Qld; 1COCP 784, 1944 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: letterpress machinist (Cairns, 1936-1937); printer (Newtown, 1943); radio officer (Broome, 1963); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1972); retired (Tolga, 1977-1980) - Awards: BEM (1958, Officer in Charge, Radio Weather Reporting Station, Willis Islets)

===''HIGGINBOTHAM''===

* [[/Ronald William Higginbotham|Higginbotham, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5V-6KQ] - 1915(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (Ashburton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2149, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); linotyper (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Ashburton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HIGGINS''===

* [[/Charles Sherlock Higgins|Higgins, Charles Sherlock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WK-X4K] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Pendle Hill, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Wentworthville, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1160, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); research engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Gordon Conway Higgins|Higgins, John Gordon Conway &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD45-FKK] - 1884(NSW)-1963(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 29, 1914 - wireless telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, 1910-1912); radio engineer (Prahran, 1925-1927); manufacturer (St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); soldier (Caulfield, 1942); military duties (South Yarra, 1949); retired (Dromana, 1954; Sorrento, 1963)

* [[/Murray William Higgins|Higgins, Murray William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZV-LT8] - 1920(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5QM Adelaide (North Unley, 1947; Parkside, 1948; Harcourt Gardens, 1954; Panorama, 1965-1969); 5AQM Adelaide (Panorama, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2260, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1943)

===''HIGGS''===

* [[/Arthur John Higgs|Higgs, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBF-919] - 1904(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2GY Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1931-1939); 2GY Sydney (Bayview, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP N321, 1975, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1928); astronomer (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1931-1937); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); research officer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1949-1954); secretary (West Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bayview, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HILDER''===

* [[/Henry Edward Hilder|Hilder, Henry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVWH-4VK] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4HH Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1946-1948; Nudgee, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 69, 1946, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, Signals, 1940-1947); employment (Brisbane Fire Brigade, communications) - Halcyon: says AOCP Brisbane 1936 but no record - Electoral Rolls: storeman (East Brisbane, Qld, 1941-1949); fireman (Nudgee, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Hilder|Hilder, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF8-1PY] - 1902(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AFT Bourke (1937-1939); 2AFT Hillston (1946-1948); 2AFT Trida (1950-1961); 2AFT Quirindi (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1848, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Bourke, NSW, 1930); station manager (Fort Bourke Station, Bourke, 1936-1943; Hunthawang, Hillston, NSW, 1949); grazier (Cogie via Trida, NSW, 1954-1963; Fintona, Quirindi, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Quirindi, NSW, 1977)

===''HILDYARD''===

* [[/Athol David Hildyard|Hildyard, Athol David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-TBD] - 1919(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7DH Hobart (City, 1936-1939, 1948; Montagu Bay, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1735, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; 1AOCP 50, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Hobart South, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Montagu Bay, 1954)

===''HILL''===

* [[/Alfred Wyatt Hill|Hill, Alfred Wyatt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Y-5VM] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Stanley Hill|Hill, Arthur Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-FRC] - 1906(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6AH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1985, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Husband of 6MH Mary Lilian Hill nee - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wiluna, WA, 1931); engineer (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1949); business manager (Wiluna, WA, 1954-1963); retired (West Busselton, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frederick John Hill|Hill, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-1J5] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TY Kurri Kurri (1929-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 500, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Pelaw Main, 1930; Stanford Merthyr, 1934; Kurri Kurri, 1936-1937); winding driver (Kurri Kurri, 1968)

* [[/G. M. Hill|Hill, G. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9GM Rabaul (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Hunter Hill|Hill, Jack Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-18Y] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADT Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADT Sydney (Belmore, 1946); 2ADT Cessnock (1947-1954); 2ADT Inverell (1955-1965); 2ADT Port Macquarie (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1739, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1931-1933; Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943; Aberdare, NSW, 1949-1954; Inverell, NSW, 1958-1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Hill|Hill, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-7NX] - 1922(SA)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3AJN Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1956; Hawthorn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2367, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1954; Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1977; Kew, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Mary Lilian XXXX|Hill nee , Mary Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-JZY] - 1906(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6MH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6MH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1976, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 6AH Arthur Stanley Hill - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/R. F. Hill|Hill, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAU Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HILLHOUSE''===

* [[/James Reid Hillhouse|Hillhouse, James or James Reid]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-YZJ] - 1907(Sct)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4ZO Collinsville (1933-1939, 1947-1975); 4ZO Bowen (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1115, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coal miner (Collinsville, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Gladstone, Qld, 1977)

===''HILTON''===

* [[/William Edward Hilton|Hilton, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPR-P1K] - 1876(???)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XEQ Sydney (St Leonards, 1913-1914); 2BA Receive Sydney (Crows Nest, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Newtown, 1903); postmaster (Stockton, 1930-1932; Kurri Kurri, 1934-1936); retired (Long Jetty, 1943-1949)

===''HINE''===

* [[/Francis Thomas Hine|Hine, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBY-3SZ] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2QL Sydney (Campsie, 1935-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1434, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, 1930-1931; Temora, 1932-1935); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1936-1937; Concord, 1943); radio officer (Homebush, 1954-1958; Strathfield West, 1968; Homebush, 1977-1980)

===''HINTON''===

* [[/Wilfred Frank Hinton|Hinton, Wilfred Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VL7-X3G] - 1887(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XAAL Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 5th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, Private, Lieut, Captain, 1915-1917) - Relationships: brother of 2FI Receive Ronald Stewart Hinton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wagga Wagga, 1913) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2202474 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Ronald Stewart Hinton|Hinton, Ronald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-NJJ] - 1896(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 94, 1932, NSW - amateur receiver - Relationships: brother of XAAL Wilfred Frank Hinton - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1943); technician (Clareville, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1977)

===''HIPWELL''===

* [[/Ronald Anson Le Hunt Hipwell|Hipwell, Ronald Anson Le Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HJ-SMM] - 1902(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Swan Hill (1929-1933); 2ACD Broken Hill (1937-1939); 3ACD Melbourne (Dromana, 1955-1956); 5AJ Port Augusta (1960-1965); 3AEI Melbourne (Dromana, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 486, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 140, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1925); electrical engineer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1943); radio electrical fitter (Dromana, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Dromana, Vic, 1972)

===''HIRSCH''===

* [[/Jacob Alexander Hirsch|Hirsch or Deerson, Jacob or Jakob Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZX-RZ3] - 1896(Aus)-1979(Aus) - Licences: 2AE Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Oatley, 1930-1937); clerk (Canberra, 1949); no occupation (Pambula Beach, 1954-1972; Merimbula, 1977)

===''HITCHCOCK''===

* [[/Leith Fuller Hitchcock|Hitchcock, Leith Fuller]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWC-Y61] - 1897(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4LH Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1931-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bacteriologist (Wooloowin, 1921-1936); research officer (Wooloowin, 1943-1949)

===''HOAD''===

* [[/C. M. Hoad|Hoad, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 319, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Individual not yet identified

===''HOAR''===

* [[/John Cecil Hoar|Hoar, John Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVKW-HND] - 1900(Eng)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6OR Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1939; Mosman Park, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 786, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Barracks, Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931; East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, WA, 1949-1963)

===''HOARE''===

* [[/Peter Hoare|Hoare, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99K-6N4] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2PH Gosford (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 82, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Eastwood, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Girraween, NSW, 1936-1943); signalman (Harris Park, NSW, 1949; Fairfield, NSW, 1954; Auburn, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Pierce Mark Hoare|Hoare, Pierce Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G8-XMV] - 1895(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SL Lismore (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1227, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Cyclist Corps &amp; Machine Gun Co, 1916-1919); radio clubs (Richmond River Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1937); radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1958); no occupation (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOBART-DUFF''===

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Hobart-Duff, William Vere see Duff, William Vere Hobart]]

===''HOBBS''===

* [[/Ivor Melville Hobbs|Hobbs, Ivor Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8R-524] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 6DO Merredin (!938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2202, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine-driver (Merredin, WA, 1936-1943); ice manufacturer (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''HOBCROFT''===

* [[/Hurtle Horace Hobcroft|Hobcroft, Hurtle Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-G5T] - 1899(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5RE Adelaide (West Brunswick, 1928); 5RE Renmark (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 5RE Adelaide (Linden Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 420, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Relationships: Father of Rex Kelvin Hobcroft - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, 1925-1926; Brunswick West, 1928); horticulturalist (Renmark, 1939-1943)

===''HOBLER''===

* [[/Cecil Forde Hobler|Hobler, Cecil Forde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Q-TK9] - 1899(Qld)-1964(PNG) - Licences: 4HR Barcaldine (ca 1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: cousin of 4DO Harold Learmonth Hobler - Electoral Rolls: student (Rockhampton, Qld, 1921); solicitor (Barcaldine, Qld, 1925-1937) - TroveTag &quot;4HR - Cecil Forde Hobler&quot; 

* [[/Harold Learmonth Hobler|Hobler, Harold Learmonth &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKZ-8N1] - 1906(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 1217 Rockhampton (1921-1924); 4DO Receive Rockhampton (1923-1924); 4DO Rockhampton (1925-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 110, 1925, No. 12 in Qld; CPRT 1003, 1928 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, JOTA); business proprietor (picture theatre); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - QSLs: Remnant of QSL collection (250+) acquired ex Ebay by SSD &amp; donated to NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Cousin of Cecil Forde Hobler - Electoral Rolls: theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1930-1937); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1943); soldier (Bulimba, 1943); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1949); theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1958-1963); property owner (Rockhampton North, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;1217-4DO - Harold Learmonth Hobler&quot;

===''HOCKING''===

* [[/Edward John Hocking|Hocking, Edward John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK9-XC9] - 1898(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AIE Sydney (Hornsby, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2004, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hornsby, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Harry Hocking|Hocking, Harry or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-DZ4] - 1920(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AMG Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939); 2HH Sydney (Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2225, NSW; COCP2 661, 1942; COCP1 699, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Campsie, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HODDER''===

* [[/Clarence William Hodder|Hodder, Clarence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLK-ZRC] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5LY Adelaide (Parkside, 1934-1939, 1947; Bridgewater, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1354, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Hodder|Hodder, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD2L-6LY] - 1917(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Bondi North, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1437, 1935, NSW; AIR3 1010, 1947; BOCP 1078, 1949; COCP2 1204, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Bondi, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Ivan Reynall Hodder|Hodder, Ivan Reynall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX73-HKS] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RH Glenorchy (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 471, 1919 (Marconi); COCP1 417, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (applied 1AIF, 1918, discharged due to demob); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk at time of enlistment 1918; radio engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925); farmer (&quot;Eromanga&quot;, Glenorchy, Vic, 1931); aeradio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); examiner (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954; Deepdene, Vic, 1958-1963; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968); retired (Myrtleford, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODDINOTT''===

* [[/Francis William Hoddinott|Hoddinott, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4Q-3X7] - 1886(Vic)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Eagle Junction, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockville Estate, Toowoomba, Qld, 1908; Toowoomba, Qld, 1912; Sandgate, Qld, 1919; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1921-1943; West End, 1949); retired (Tamborine Mountain, Qld, 1958-1963; Hendra, Qld, 1968)

===''HODGE''===

* [[/Herbert Gibson Hodge|Hodge, Herbert Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYT-MZ8] - 1910(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1202, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1934-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1967); mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODGES''===

* [[/Ronald Albert Hodges|Hodges, Ronald Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDB-YFC] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3HO Melbourne (Merlynston, 1932-1937; Pascoe Vale South, 1938-1939, 1947-1975); 3HO Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 875, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tinsmith (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); winder (Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1977); retired (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Charles Hunting Hodges|Hodges, Wilfred Charles Hunting]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-P5X] - 1895(Vic)-1949(Qld) - Licences: XPS Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 639, 1921; 2COCP 7, 1929; 1COCP 122, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1925); radio (Malvern East, Vic, 1928); radio telegraphist (Sunshine, Vic, 1931); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); senior radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''HODGKINS''===

* [[/Ernest Paradine Hodgkins|Hodgkins, Ernest Paradine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGTW-ZBW] - 1899(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2EH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1934-1939); 2EH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2EH Avoca Beach (1948-1961); 2EH Narara (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1262, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930); teacher (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937; Avoca Beach, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Narara, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HODGKINSON''===

* [[/Francis Charles Hodgkinson|Hodgkinson, Francis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBM-J4S] - 1906(???)-1977(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: jeweller's assistant (Ulverstone, 1928-1949); watchmaker (Ulverstone, 1954)

===''HODSON''===

* [[/Victor Hodson|Hodson, Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-DV2] - 1890(SA)-1917(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 145, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HOE''===

* [[/Frederick Hoe|Hoe, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS4Q-CSG] - 1886(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer; business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Father of 4FO Fred Hoe - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fortitude Valley, Qld, 1913; Yeronga, Qld, 1916-1919); manager (Yeronga, Qld, 1921-1972)

* [[/Fred Hoe|Hoe, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G796-MWK] - 1913(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4FO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1933-1939; Annerley, 1946-1954) -  Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 53, 1931; AOCP 1188, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Edgar V. Hudson); business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Son of Frederick Hoe - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Yeronga, Qld, 1936-1937); general manager (Annerley, Qld, 1949); business manager (Salisbury, Qld, 1954); manager (Buranda, Qld, 1954-1963; Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968); company director (Holland Park West, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''HOGAN''===

* [[/Thomas David Hogan|Hogan, Thomas David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWC-ZSN] - 1913(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3HX Charlton (1935-1939); 3HX Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1960); 3HX Cottles Bridge (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1573, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Charlton, Vic, 1935-1936); journalist (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Dromana, Vic, 1958); manager (Cottles Bridge, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Martin Joseph Hogan|Hogan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMW-GZX] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KX Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 872, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Turramurra, NSW, 1930; North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1937); public servant (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1954); clerk (Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Thomas Kevin Hogan|Hogan, Thomas Kevin]] - 1914(WA)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2066, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Claremont, WA, 1936); junior observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1937); examiner of patents (Reid, ACT, 1943); research officer (Penshurst, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cooma, NSW, 1958); university director (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1963-1968); professor (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOGG''===

* [[/Stanley Hogg|Hogg, Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TCR] - 1908(Eng)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6SG Harvey (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1382, 1934, WA; BOCP 142, 1938; 2COCP 240, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: milk tester (Harvey, WA, 1930-1937); radio operator (AAMS Wireless Station, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949); aircraft engineer (Kewdale, WA, 1954-1968; Belmont, WA, 1972); retired (Coodanup, WA, 1977; Mandurah, WA, 1980)

===''HOLDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Timms Holden|Holden, Stanley Timms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBNZ-T2Y] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Kew, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2120, 1938, Vic; BOCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew North, Vic, 1949); civil servant (Kew North, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''HOLDER''===

* [[/Edward Gascoyne Holder|Holder, Edward Gascoyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X3-3KW] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: XJCA Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1922-1926); salesman (Auburn, Vic, 1926-1928); manager (Auburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); proprietor sports store (Camperdown, Vic, 1937); salesman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972); retired (Balwyn, Vic, 1977)

===''HOLLAND''===

* [[/Albert John Evan Holland|Holland, Albert John Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-VBH] - 1896(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 12, 1924, No. 3 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 3JH Frank Henry James Holland - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925; Essendon, 1926); engineer (Essendon, 1928-1931; Camberwell, 1936-1954); nil (Nunawading, 1963)

* [[/Charles Ernest Holland|Holland, Charles Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNGN-7DF] - 1891(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: XKZ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Troop) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CEH - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1919); mechanic (St Kilda West, Vic, 1921-1937; Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943); engineer (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1958); retired (St Kilda North, Vic, 1967) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/199059 VWMA]

* [[/Clive Holland|Holland, Clive &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-QQV] - 1918(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XC Maryborough (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2075, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical wireman (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio servicer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank Henry James Holland|Holland, Frank Henry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-S1W] - 1899(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 596, 1920 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well placed in Trans-Pacific Tests 1923 despite inferior equipment - Relationships: brother of 3JH Albert John Evan Holland - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925); boot repairer (Essendon, 1926-1928); labourer (North Essendon, 1931); boot repairer (Olinda, 1934-1943); postal clerk (Sandringham, 1949); clerk (Heidelberg, 1954-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;3JH - Frank Henry James Holland&quot;

* [[/Ronald Weymouth Holland|Holland, Ronald Weymouth &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJJ7-171] - 1914(SA)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4AQ Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2392, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); departmental manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HOLLOWAY''===

* [[/William Hart Holloway|Holloway, William Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-HRT] - 1876(Eng)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 20, 1914; 1COCP 41, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1909; Whitemark, Flinders Island, 1914-1919); wireless operator (Broome, 1918-1922); O.J.C. Radio (Camberwell, 1924-1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, 1928); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Emita, Flinders Island, 1936-1937); farmer (Lady Barron, 1943-1949)

===''HOLMAN''===

* [[/Charles William Russell Holman|Holman, Charles William Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD7-PZR] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6HM Perth (Wembley Park, 1939, 1947); 6HM Boulder (1948); 1HM Cocos Island (1954-1955); 6HM Narrogin (1955); 3AHX Melbourne (East Kew, 1956); 8AS Darwin (Fanny Bay, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2340, 1939, WA; BOCP 443, 1942; AOCP1 47, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: steel worker (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Brown Hill, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); observer (Fannie Bay, NT, 1958-1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); technician (Innaloo, WA, 1968-1980)

===''HOLMES''===

* [[/Douglas Edward Holmes|Holmes, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYQ-ML2] - 1906(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2MX Dubbo (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 981, 1932, NSW; BOCP 14, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Dubbo, NSW, 1930); salesman (Dubbo, NSW, 1932-1937); broadcasting engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943); manager radio station (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1949-1963); clerk (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Noel Arthur Holmes|Holmes, Noel Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB2-TRG] - 1893(NSW)-1966(Qld) - Licences: XEU Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Marconi operator, SS Benalla, 1914; WW1 (Army, 2nd Signals Troop, 1916; Air Flying Corps, 1917-1918, Awarded British War Medal); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); sales manager (Manly, NSW, 1930); poulterer (Mosman, NSW, 1932-1934); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); salesman (Dee Why, NSW, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); retired (Manly, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Victor Ashforth Holmes|Holmes, Victor Ashforth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRB-HB5] - 1899(Qld)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AKP Moree (1938-1939); 2AKP Newcastle (Maitland East, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2188, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Murrurundi, NSW, 1930; Quirindi, NSW, 1931); night officer (Minnimbah, NSW, 1934); railway employee (Glen Innes, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (East Maitland, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HOLSCHIER''===

* [[/Joseph Holschier|Holschier, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRBM-1XK] - 1917(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2AKA Moira (1938-1939); 3HM Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1947; Richmond, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2125, 1938, NSW; BOCP 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HOLST''===

* [[/Arnold Owen Holst|Holst, Arnold Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-ZPD] - 1898(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XPH Melbourne (Caulfield, 1913-1914); 3OH Melbourne (Toorak, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY); electrician - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: sharebroker (Camberwell, 1922-1934; Toorak, 1935-1972)

* [[/Hector James Holst|Holst, Hector James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-X23] - 1903(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1954) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, 1925-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3BY - Hector James Holst&quot;

* [[/Otto Holst|Holst, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-2M7] - 1906(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1955-1967) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 79, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY) - took over 3BY callsign after passing of brother Hector James Holst in 1954 - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Caulfield, 1928-1963)

===''HOLSTEN''===

* [[/Frank Dawson Holsten|Holsten, Frank Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV76-V7P] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)92yo - Licences: 5LK Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1947; Unley Park, 1948; Kings Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2166, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak Gardens, SA, 1939); RAAF (Unley Park, SA, 1941)

===''HOLT''===

* [[/Bernard Molineux Holt|Holt, Bernard Molineux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQR-MJP] - 1883(NZ)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president WIA WA; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA WA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1910-1914; Osborne, 1917-1954)

* [[/Reginald Allen Holt|Holt, Reginald Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3N-2Z9] - 1906(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2HW Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1936); 2HW Tahmoor (1937-1939); 2HW Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1961; Padstow, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 297, 1930; COCP1 169, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1935); wireless officer (Tahmoor, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1954); technician (Padstow, 1963-1972)

===''HOMBERG''===

* [[/S. G. Homberg|Homberg, S. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (Malvern, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HONNOR''===

* [[/John Morten Honnor|Honnor, John Morten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNV-ZM6] - 1900(SA)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 5AE Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 192, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1941); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); instructor (Hampton, 1949; Bentleigh, 1954-1980)

===''HOOBIN''===

* [[/Laurence William Hoobin|Hoobin, Laurence or Lawrence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1X7-VMG] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939; Oakleigh, 1947; Bentleigh, 1948; South Caulfield, 1954-1956); 3AQH Melbourne (Sassafras, 1956); 4VH Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1960); 3VH Melbourne (North Clayton, 1965); 6VH Perth (Applecross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1647, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Alphington, Vic, 1927); manager (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Clayton North, Vic, 1963); retired (Applecross, Vic, 1968)

===''HOOD''===

* [[/John George Hamilton Hood|Hood, John George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G772-RK8] - 1904(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3BP Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3BP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 182, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (East St Kilda, 1925-1931); draughtsman (Toorak, 1934-1937; Malvern, 1943-1967)

===''HOOK''===

* [[/George Charles Hook|Hook, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPYK-WW5] - 1895(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XADC Sydney (Kogarah, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Bombadier, 14th Field Artillery Brigade, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: checking officer (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1933); Commonwealth Public Servant (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934-1936; Cowra, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); stipendiary magistrate (Haberfield, NSW, 1949)

===''HOOKE''===

* [[/Lionel George Alfred Hooke|Hooke, Lionel George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NK-KDV] - 1895(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 3M? Melbourne - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 529, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, early wireless experimenter, ship wireless operator (Aurora, 1914, support Shackleton's expedition), radio clubs (IRE Aust), business (AWA, senior management), honours (knighted, 1937) - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927); business manager (Neutral Bay, 1933); manager (Killara, NSW, 1936-1972) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hooke-sir-lionel-george-alfred-10536 ADB]

===''HOOKER''===

* [[/Walter Theodore Hooker|Hooker, Walter Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1W-QB5] - 1901(St Kitts)-1949(Tas) - Licences: 7JH Hobart (New Town, 1933-1939); 7JH Waddamanna (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1161, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart North, 1922); electrical engineer (New Town, 1928); electrician (New Town, 1936); engineer (Waddamanna, 1937-1943)

===''HOOPER''===

* [[/Allan Wallbank Hooper|Hooper, Allan Wallbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8M-VJG] - 1898(SA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 432, 1919; 2COCP 8, 1929; 1COCP 127, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: unemployed (Manly, NSW, 1949); telegraphist (Little Bay, NSW, 1949; Yarra Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Charles Joseph Hooper|Hooper, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY1-9ZC] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AGB Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 98, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Concord, NSW, 1943); hotel proprietor (Australian Hotel, Yass, NSW, 1949-1958); public servant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Edgar Maxwell Hooper|Hooper, Edgar Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZV-CD1] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3MM Melbourne (Burwood, 1933; Auburn, 1937-1939); 3SX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 795, 1923; 2COCP 117, 1930; 1COCP 109, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Burwood, Vic, 1931); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1954); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Ronald George Hooper|Hooper, Ronald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94J2-QS5] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5NL Adelaide (Stepney, 1947-1948; Mile End, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2395, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HOPE''===

* [[/Donald Vinten Hope|Hope, Donald Vinten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XF-VBK] - 1922(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Armadale, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1955; Blackburn, 1956; Mt Waverley, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2430, 1940, Vic; BOCP 419, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Mitcham, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lyndsay Arthur Hope|Hope, Lyndsay Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYX-575] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Tas) - Licences: 7LA Launceston (1925-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 188, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; WW2; gave up experimental callsign for use by his Class B licence, 7LA Launceston - Relationships: brother of 7RS Ronald Springfield Hope - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Launceston, 1928); bank officer (Ulverstone, 1936); accountant (Scottsdale, 1949; Bridport, 1954-1972)

* [[/Ronald Springford Hope|Hope, Ronald Springford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCW-PDG] - 1909(Tas)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 7RS Launceston (1926-1927); 7RS Hobart (City, 1931; Sandy Bay, 1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 263, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 75, 1932; ROCP N1832, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (designed &amp; constructed transmission systems for 7HO Hobart &amp; 7UV Ulverstone); later employed by STC England - Relationships: brother of 7LA Lyndsay Arthur Hope - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Queensborough, Tas, 1936); not specified (Finchley, Eng, 1936-1938); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HOPKINS''===

* [[/Edward Alfred Hopkins|Hopkins, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM4D-3QJ] - 1902(Tas)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Receive Moonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 4858, 1964 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Moonah, 1928); engineer (Milson's Point, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1949-1954); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1958-1980)

===''HOPWOOD''===

* [[/Gordon John Hopwood|Hopwood, Gordon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ3-D5Q] - 1916(WA)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7GJ Hobart (Hobart CBD, 1938-1939, 1947; New Town, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2207, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart, Tas, 1943; New Town, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''HORAN''===

* [[/Kevin John Horan|Horan, Kevin John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-FTZ] - 1912(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5DQ Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1931; Unley, 1933); 2AJU Broken Hill (1938-1939); 5DQ Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1947-1960; Grange, 1965-1969); 3ZD Melbourne (Glen Waverley, 1975); 5IT Adelaide (Fulham, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 672, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Glen Waverley, 1972-1977)

===''HORBURY''===

* [[/Alfred Albert Frank Horbury|Horbury, Alfred Albert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L71C-N81] - 1895(Vic)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XLC Bendigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 464, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); engineer assistant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1921-1922); draftsman (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); assistant engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Woolwich, NSW, 1934-1935); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1954)

===''HORN''===

* [[/David Horn|Horn, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS41-9K4] - 1909(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Tara (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2021, 1937, Qld; BOCP 578, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Somerset Dam, Qld, 1936-1937; Baralba, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); medical practitioner (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Irvan James Horn|Horn, Irvan James or James Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-GB6] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JH Perth (City, 1928, 1937-1939); 3HX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 427, 1928, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 29, 1935; 1COCP, 127, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Perth, WA, 1936-1937); wireless officer (Subiaco, WA, 1943); electrical contractor (Subiaco, WA, 1949); contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrical contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1963); retired (West Perth, WA, 1977; Subiaco, WA, 1980)

===''HORNBLOWER''===

* [[/Olaf Hornblower|Hornblower, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3D-L4P] - 1914(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMT Sydney (Moore Park, 1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2329, 1939, NSW; BOCP 333, 1940; COCP1 612, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Surry Hills, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''HORNE''===

* [[/Cecil Thomas Horne|Horne, Cecil Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ13-4GK] - 1900(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2AIK Sydney (Matraville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AIK West Wyalong (1948); 2AIK Huskinson (1950); 2AIK Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2005, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gundaroo, NSW, 1930; Quaama, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; West Wyalong, NSW, 1949); school teacher (Huskisson, NSW, 1949); no occupation (North Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Gaius John Horne|Horne, Ronald Gains or Gaius John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-77P] - 1918(Qld)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AGR Maryborough (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2316, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HORROCKS''===

* [[/George Samuel Blake Horrocks|Horrocks, George Samuel Blake]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF94-19M] - 1911(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 6GS Harvey (1932-1939, 1947-1948); 6GS Wagin (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 919, 1932, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1154, 1950; TVOCP 61, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Harvey, WA, 1936-1949); radio technician (Mt Lawley, WA, 1954); technician (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963)

===''HOSKEN''===

* [[/Arthur John Dryden Hosken|Hosken, Arthur John Dryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6KH-BX8] - 1889(Eng)-1966(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 727, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Williamstown, 1914-1919); Amalgamated Wireless (Darwin, 1922)

* [[/Stanley Victor Hosken|Hosken, Stanley Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HWQ-MGG] - 1894(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MP Receive Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3MP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923-1924; Surrey Hills, 1925-1933; Broadmeadows, 1934-1939; St Albans, 1946-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1965; Mitcham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 6, 1924, No. 2 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3AR, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, 1919-1924); electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1925-1931); senior mechanic PMGD (3AR station, Broadmeadows, 1936-1937); civil servant (3AR Station, St Albans, 1942-1954); nil (Hawthorn, 1963-1967; Mitcham, 1968)

===''HOSKING''===

* [[/Aubrey Piere Hosking|Hosking, Aubrey Piere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYV-D7R] - 1891(South Africa)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 376, 1918; 1COCP 117, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Townsville, 1919); telegraphist (South Yarra, Vic, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Canterbury, Vic, 1924); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1926; Balwyn, Vic, 1928; Lindfield, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''HOSKINS''===

* [[/John Stark Hoskins|Hoskins, John Stark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61K-FZ3] - 1891(NZ)-1987(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 147, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Claremont, WA, 1929)

===''HOURIGAN''===

* [[/James Broderick Hourigan|Hourigan, James Broderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFH-5J8] - 1909(WA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 3SG Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939); 3SG Port Fairy (1947-1948); 8DA NT (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1771, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937-1943); radio employee (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''HOUSEMAN''===

* [[/Austin Alfred Houseman|Houseman, Austin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLS-1HJ] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Epping, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 423, 1933; COCP1 326, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937; Fiskville, Vic, 1949); technician (Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Bassendean, WA, 1954-1958); manager (Radio Park, Applecross, WA, 1963); station manager (OTC Station, Doonside, NSW, 1968); manager (Doonside, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Hbrts Is, NSW, 1980)

===''HOUSTON''===

* [[/Archibald John Houston|Houston, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-L9Y] - 1905(Vic)-1965(SA) - Licences: 3NX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 999, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1927-1937); electrical fitter (Brighton, Vic, 1942); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949)

===''HOWARD''===

* [[/Earl Stephen Howard|Howard, Earl Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMV-XQL] - 1895(Tas)-1938(Vic) - Licences: 7ET Hobart (Moonah, 1928-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 470, 1928, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922; Moonah, 1928-1936)

===''HOWDEN''===

* [[/John Maxwell Howden|Howden, John Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2L-7LN] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: 3ZCH Melbourne (Burwood, 1956; Box Hill 1960-1975); 3BQX Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+) -  Qualifications: AOLCP 187, 1956; AOCP V610, 1979 - amateur operator - Relationships: son of 3BQ Walter Francis Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Walter Francis Maxwell Howden|Howden, Walter Francis Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G43K-1TC] - 1899(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: No 19 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1920); V140 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1921); 3BQ Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3BQ Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1927; Canterbury, 1928-1939 &amp; 1946-1975+); 3ABQ Melbourne (portable, &quot;Canterbury&quot;, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: AOCP 114, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, first to QSO USA; first to QSO England, first on telegraphy, then telephony; journalist (Listener In); Bright Star Crystals 1930s-1950s; QSLs: substantial portion of QSL collection survives at NFSA (1800+) - Relationships: father of 3ZCH/3BQX John Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls: student (Box Hill, 1924-1927); wireless engineer (Ringwood, 1928); engineer (Camberwell, 1931-1954) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199611.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199612.pdf EA2] - TroveTag: &quot;19-V140-3BQ-3ABQ - Walter Francis Maxwell Howden&quot;

===''HOWE''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Howe|Howe, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HW-L7X] - 1919(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Pagewood, 1957-1958; Gordon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2411, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); chartered engineer (Pagewood, NSW, 1958); engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harry Wesley Howe|Howe, Harry Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDX-TBM] - 1901(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2ABF Sydney (Kensington, 1936-1938; Auburn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1715, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Kensington, NSW, 1936-1937; Auburn, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/John Joseph Howe|Howe, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD83-QNG] - 1886(Irl)-1949(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 117, 1915; 1COCP 15, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Pinkenba, Qld, 1919; Moonah, Tas, 1922; New Town, Tas, 1928-1943)

* [[/Raymond Raine Howe|Howe, Raymond Raine &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHH-KJN] - 1919(Qld)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 4RH Bundaberg (1936-1939); 2ARH Sydney (Vaucluse, 1946-1955; Epping, 1956-1960); 3YH Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP 1812, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; 3AIR 1009, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); military (RAAF, career, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949); RAAF officer (Campbell, ACT, 1963); RAAF (Syndal, Vic, 1967); RAAF officer (Dickson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrawallee, NSW, 1980)

===''HOWES''===

* [[/John Wesley Howes|Howes, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-684] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ABS Sydney (Bondi, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1948; Oatley, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1611, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 29, 1946; BOCP 805, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1972); technician (Oatley, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HOWIE''===

* [[/Colin Robert Howie|Howie, Colin Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSQ-F2H] - 1913(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1211, 1933, SA; COCP2 39, 1935; COCP1 66, 1935 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Mile End, SA, 1939); radio officer (Rose Park, SA, 1941); radio engineer (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1943); radio operator (Glenelg, SA, 1943)

===''HOWLETT''===

* [[/Arthur Montague Howlett|Howlett, Arthur Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPZ-NWZ] - 1882(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 130, 1915; 2COCP 253, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Esperance, 1916); warrant officer R.A.N.R.S. (Thursday Island, 1919); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1925-1931; Clayfield, Qld, 1936); wireless operator (Clayfield, 1943-1954); retired (Clayfield, Qld, 1958)

===''HOWLING''===

* [[/Robert John Henry Howling|Howling, Robert John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS9-BV7] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3DM Receive Melbourne (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2382, 1939, Vic - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram employee (Melbourne North, Vic, 1928-1937; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942-1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''HOY''===

* [[/Augustus James Hoy|Hoy, Augustus or Augustine James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8LR-265] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GJ Warrnambool (1931-1933); 3GJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Port Melbourne, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 577, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924-1934); signwriter (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1937; North Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Innaloo North, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1977)

===''HUBAND''===

* [[/Ronald William Huband|Huband, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-QBG] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2RV Werris Creek (1933-1939); 2RV Broken Hill (1947-1975); 2AYN Sydney (Blackwall, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1235, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Werris Creek, NSW, 1935-1936); clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Ettalong, NSW, 1963)

===''HUBSHER''===

* [[/Lassalle Paul Hubsher|Hubscher or Hubsher, Lassalle Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWF-8DP] - 1913(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4UL Brisbane (Bulimba, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1578, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; Evans Deakin engineering - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); draftsman (Annerley, 1943-1968)

===''HUDSON''===

* [[/William Henry Hudson|Hudson, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4BR-1P4] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XBO Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914); 2PO Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2AR Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1922-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 18, 1924, No. 8 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1963) - Comment: beware, several contemporaneous WHHs - TroveTag: &quot;XBO-2PO-2AR - William Henry Hudson&quot;

===''HUEY''===

* [[/Richard Meredyth Huey|Huey, Richard Meredyth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WP-Y1Z] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1931; Cronulla, 1933-1937); 3UE Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1938-1939); 2AHU Sydney (Sylvania, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 437, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Cronulla, 1935-1937); army officer (Melbourne, 1943); engineer (West Pennant Hills, 1949; Pennant Hills, 1954; Edgecliff, 1958-1963; Sylvania, 1977-1980); retired (Mittagong, 1980)

===''HUGGETT''===

* [[/Walter Gordon Huggett|Huggett, Walter Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP24-33Y] - 1911(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3QI Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2433, 1940, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boot trade (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1954); radio technician (Northcote, Vic, 1963); radio tradesman (Whitfield, Vic, 1968); technician (Whitfield, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HUGGINS''===

* [[/David Roy Huggins|Huggins, David Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDW3-LXL] - 1892(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: organ builder (Petersham, 1913); piano maker (Neutral Bay, 1930-1968); builder (Cremorne, 1972)

===''HUGHES''===

* [[/Allan Hughes|Hughes, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLG-GNT] - 1918(NSW)-2018(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2AGR Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1939, 1946; Beecroft, 1947-1948); 2AGR Katoomba (1950); 2AGR Sydney (Ryde, 1954-1955; Wahroonga, 1956-1975); 2AGR Batehaven (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1899, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Batehaven, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Cedric Stuart Castlereagh Hughes|Hughes, Cedric Stuart Castlereagh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHLK-6H7] - 1893(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJDU Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 281, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, Vic, 1914; Brighton, Vic, 1924; South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1949)

* [[/Clive Alan Hughes|Hughes, Clive Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MV-3XQ] - 1900(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3CA Ararat (1927); 3CA Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 343, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Williamstown, Vic, 1924-1928); schoolmaster (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1963)

* [[/Ernest Weston Hughes|Hughes, Ernest Weston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P7-W4Q] - 1906(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 3VB Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 955, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1935); electrical fitter (Darebin, Vic, 1936); electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942); grower (Burleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Chinderah, NSW, 1958-1963; Kingscliff, NSW, 1968) 

* [[/George Herbert Hughes|Hughes, George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-4JB] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4HU Brisbane (Windsor, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1929, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: store keeper (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1937); branch manager (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); technician (Tarragindi, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Laurence William Hughes|Hughes, Laurence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPD-YWM] - 1910(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2QP Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Bankstown East, 1955-1961; Greenacre, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1226, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Oatley, NSW, 1931); chauffeur (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937); radio technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954); instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1963; Bankstown, NSW, 1968)

* [[/William Clarence Hughes|Hughes, William Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5M8-134] - 1889(Vic)-1941(NSW) - Licences: XFX Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rozelle, NSW, 1913); marine engineer (Arncliffe, NSW, 1933-1937)

* [[/William Morris Hughes|Hughes, William Morris &quot;Billy&quot;, &quot;The Little Digger&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/942Q-6YT] - 1862(Eng)-1952(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Australian politician, Prime Minister of Australia (1915-1923), oversight of Wireless Regulations 1922, influential in direction of wireless generally throughout his political career as well as specific broadcasting services - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Billy Hughes|Wikipedia]]

===''HUGO''===

* [[/Ronald William Stuart Hugo|Hugo, Ronald William Stuart or Stewart (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-CLZ] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KW Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Floreat Park, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2081, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1934); salesman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1963); manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1968-1977)

===''HULL''===

* [[/Allan Galbraith Hull|Hull, Allan Galbraith &quot;Braith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-PTY] - 1905(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist (Wireless Weekly, editor; Radio and Hobbies, editor 1939; Australasian Radio World, editor 1940-1950) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; 3JU Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1931); journalist (Northbridge, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1935-1936); engineer (Rose Bay, 1937); manager (Malvern, 1942); journalist (Mornington, 1949); publisher (Sandringham, 1954); printer (Oakleigh, 1958-1963; Chadstone, 1967-1968; Glen Iris, 1972; Mt Waverley, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Atherley Hull|Hull, Frederick Atherley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5M-MT9] - 1906(NZL)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6FH Pingrup (1930-1931); 6FH Port Hedland (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 6FH Perth (Claremont, 1960-1975; Nedlands, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CRPT 1139, 1929; 2COCP 271, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Perth, 1929); radio operator (Port Hedland, 1937-1954); unemployed (Claremont, 1958); technical officer (Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 6RH Raymond Alfred Hull

* [[/George Maxwell Hull|Hull, George Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LQ-S44] - 1916(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZS Melbourne (Canterbury, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2307, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, 1943); proprietor (Canterbury, 1949-1980)

* [[/Raymond Alfred Hull|Hull, Raymond Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP1-BSL] - 1908(NZ)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6RH Pingrup (1929-1931); 6RH Perth (Wembley, 1937; Mt Hawthorn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 558, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 590, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, 1934); traveller (Subiaco, 1949); sales director (Victoria Park, 1958-1963) - Relationships: brother of 6FH Frederick Atherley Hull

* [[/Ross Amos Hull|Hull, Ross Amos]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-P5W] - 1902(Vic)-1938(USA) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic Kew, president, 1923); journalist (Wireless Weekly, technical editor; QST, technical editor) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Comment: Gone too soon - TroveTag: &quot;3JU-2JU - Ross Amos Hull&quot; - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198902.pdf EA]

* [[/William Howard Hull|Hull, William Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WJ-723] - 1891(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 3JU Ross Amos Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Cobungra, 1914-1915); engineer (Armadale, 1921; Brighton, 1922-1931; Caulfield, 1934-1949); retired (Beaconsfield Upper, 1954)

===''HULME''===

* [[/Edwin Cuthbert Hulme|Hulme, Edwin Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D7-RF9] - 1918(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Sydney (Kensington South, 1934-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Undercliffe, 1946; Earlwood, 1947-1955; Carrs Park, 1956-1965); 2OZ Bulli (1965); 2EN Sydney (Carrs Park, 1969); 2EN Half Moon Reach (1975); 2EN Sydney (Marrickville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1409, 1934, NSW; COCP3 N1406, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio design engineer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943); manufacturing engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Carrs Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUMBERG''===

* [[/Stanley Garfield Humberg|Humberg, Stanley Garfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-Q6K] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924); sales (Brighton, Vic, 1926-1963)

===''HUME''===

* [[/Ernest James Hume|Hume, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYR-TZM] - 1869(Vic)-1929(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; son of James Hill Hume, father of Ernest Jeremy Hume

* [[/Ernest Jeremy Hume|Hume, Ernest Jeremy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-727] - 1906(SA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - chief engineer 5DN - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Unley, 1939-1941; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963; Carnegie, 1968-1977) - Relationships: grandson of James Hill Hume, son of Ernest James Hume and Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy

* [[/Geoffrey Vincent Hume|Hume, Geoffrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQCL-NM1] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Cremorne, 1927-1930); 2AMD Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2VR Sydney (Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 365, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Neutral Bay, 1930-1936; Mosman, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942); clerk (Turramurra, 1949); technical assistant (Pymble, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Hill Hume|Hume, James Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-SLD] - 1822(??)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - alleged very early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: father of Ernest James Hume; father-in-law of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; grandfather of Ernest Jeremy Hume 

* [[/Stella Leonora Harriet Jeremy|Hume nee Jeremy, Stella Leonora Harriet]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-33D] - 1882(Vic)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil -  radio announcer (early 5DN) - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Ernest James Hume; daughter-in-law of James Hill Hume; mother of Ernest Jeremy Hume

===''HUMPHREY''===

SEE ALSO HUMPHREYS, HUMPHRY, HUMPHRIES

* [[/George Henry Humphrey|Humphrey, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRT-13V] - 1905(???)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKW Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1947; Epping, 1948-1950; Eastwood, 1954; Concord, 1955-1958; St Ives, 1960-1965); 2AKW Forster (1969); 2NO Narara (1975); 2NO Sydney (Castle Hill, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2189, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1943); traveller (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1963; Forster, NSW, 1968; Narara, NSW, 1972); engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HUMPHREYS''===

* [[/Raymond Edward William Humphreys|Humphreys, Raymond Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB97-VFJ] - 1912(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939; Prahran, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1969; Chadstone, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2031, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Warrnambool, Vic, 1934); labourer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); storeman (Armadale, Vic, 1943); sales (Malvern, Vic, 1949); traveller (Highett, Vic, 1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1967); sales (Chadstone, Vic, 1977)

===''HUMPHRIES''===

* [[/John Malcolm Campbell Humphries|Humphries, John Malcolm Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9F3-1VH] - 1886(NSW)-1934(NSW) - Licences: XADN Muswellbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Muswellbrook, NSW, 1913-1934)

===''HUMPHRY''===

* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] - See Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood 4JH
* [[/Jack Lawrence Humphry|Humphry, Jack Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7M] - 1889(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JK Poopoonbah via Giru (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1349, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Husband of 4JH Innis Jane Lovett Humphry nee Spotswood - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Hodel, Ayr, Qld, 1912-1937; Poopoonbah, 1949-1954)

===''HUNT''===

* [[/George Percy Hunt|Hunt, George Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9BL-46V] - 1912(NSW)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6QJ Perth (Fremantle, 1965; Mosman Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1249, 1934, NSW; COCP3 W1485, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Military), Army, For courage &amp; ability as POW in Malaya, 1947; OBE (Military), Army, 1965 - Electoral Rolls: military officer (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1935-1937); AMF (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); soldier (Fremantle, WA, 1963); retired (Mosman Park, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Chapman Hunt|Hunt, Henry Chapman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJ2-PF2] - 1912(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2290, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Wongan Hills, WA, 1949; Victoria Park, WA, 1954; Wembley, WA, 1963); shopkeeper (Geraldton, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Duncraig, WA, 1972-1977); retired (Bayswater, WA, 1980)

* [[/Joseph Alexander Hunt|Hunt, Joseph Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-9MM] - 1912(WA)-2002(WA) - Licences: 6JA Perth (Maylands, 1938-1939); 6JD Perth (Rockingham, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2112, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1936; Maylands, WA, 1937-1949); retired (Rockingham, WA, 1972)

===''HUNTER''===

* [[/Alexander Dunbar Hunter|Hunter, Alexander Dunbar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPD3-C81] - 1907(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2ACO Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1937; Bondi, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Maimuru, NSW, 1930); fruit merchant (North Ryde, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bondi, NSW, 1932); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Reginald Anthony Desmond Hunter|Hunter, Reginald Anthony Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6D-GHW] - 1918(WA)-1942(Indonesia)23yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2406, 1939, WA - amateur operator?; WW2 (RAAF, Wireless Operator/Air Gunner, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=83398 RAF Commands]; [https://aircrewremembered.com/sattler-geoffrey.html Aircrew Remembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''HUON''===

* [[/Hume Furlong Huon|Huon, Hume Furlong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY25-RBY] - 1915(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3FH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939); 3AFH Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1954-1956); 2AIH Sydney (Pymble, 1958-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1951, 1937, Vic; BOCP 188, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (St Kilda Central, Vic, 1936-1937); clerk (Balwyn, Vic, 1954); life assurance (Pymble, NSW, 1958; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HUPPATZ''===

* [[/William George Huppatz|Huppatz, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWTP-DF5] - 1900(Vic)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5GW Cowandilla (1931-1933); 5GW Naracoorte (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 801, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Naracoorte, SA, 1939); engineer (Cowandilla, 1941-1943)

===''HURLEY''===

* [[/August Leslie Joseph Hurley|Hurley, August Leslie Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQ3-FXP] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1311, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: TV technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HURLL''===

* [[/Norman James Hurll|Hurll, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXC-BFF] - 1904(NSW)-2003(Qld, 98yo) - Licences: 2BC Sydney (Killara, 1924-1930); 4NJ Tallebudgera Creek (1931-1935); 2HJ Sydney (Killara, 1935-1937; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2IN?/2DKH Sydney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 96, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, CMF, CINT), business proprietor (Gas Light Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Killara, 1930); merchant (Killara, 1936-1937); soldier (Strathfield, 1943); company manager (Burwood, 1949-1963); Managing Director (Killara, 1968); Director (Killara, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BC-4NJ-2HJ-2IN - Norman James Hurll&quot;

===''HURRY''===

* [[/Ronald Bruce Hurry|Hurry, Ronald Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-G1C] - 1911(South Africa)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 693, 1930, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster?, electrical engineer (per 1939 South Africa marriage certificate) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HUSBAND''===

* [[/Norman Errol Husband|Husband, Norman Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F7-N7B] - 1893(Qld)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XABY Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 4CV Receive Charters Towers (1923); 4CV Charters Towers (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Charters Towers, 1917-1922; Mackay, 1925-1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1949-1958)

===''HUTCHINGS''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings|Hutchings, Allan Thomas Edwards]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-2TM] - 1903(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HL Receive Callawadda (1922-1923); 3HL Callawadda (1924-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: son of 3HM Elizabeth Lilian Hutchings nee Edwards; brother of 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Callawadda, 1927-1972)

* [[/Elizabeth Lilian Edwards|Hutchings nee Edwards, Elizabeth Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-25T] - 1877(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 3HM Callawadda (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 509, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1926-1942) - Relationships: mother of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings and 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - First woman in Australia to hold an amateur licence under the AOCP regime - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1925-1942) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Marjorie Lilian Hutchings|Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB52-GSC] - 1912(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Callawadda (1932-1939; 1946-1948); 3HQ Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1030, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: daughter of 3HM Elizabeth Lillian Hutchings nee Edwards; sister of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Callawadda, 1934-1937); nurse (Alfred Hospital, Prahran, 1943); home duties (Callawadda, 1949; Bentleigh, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''HUTCHINS''===

* [[/Percy Clare Hutchins|Hutchins, Percy Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V4C-JR3] - 1912(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5PH Adelaide (Willaston, 1934, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1352, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Willaston, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HUTCHINSON''===

* [[/Charles Elwood Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Charles Elwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-S6J] - 1894(Vic)-1942(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 728, 1922; 2COCP 278, 1930; 1COCP 307, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Esperance, 1919); radio telegraphist (Darwin, NT, 1922); telegraphist (Esperance, 1925-1931); radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1936-1937; Alberton, SA, 1939; Yatala, SA, 1941)

* [[/Harold Keith Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Harold Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-JK1] - 1912(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZQ Melbourne (Flemington, 1932-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 948, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Newmarket, Vic, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1943; Footscray North, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (St Kilda, Vic, 1963); retired (Mentone, Vic, 1968; Mordialloc, Vic, 1972-1977; Doncaster, Vic, 1980; Sale, Vic, 1980)

===''HUTCHISON''===

* [[/Clive Douglas Hutchison|Hutchison, Clive Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BS-WQZ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YP Sydney (Penshurst, 1935-1937; Brighton-le-Sands, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1947; Rose Bay, 1947; Homebush, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1415, 1935, NSW; BOCP 49, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Hutchison|Hutchison, John Alexander &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPTK-TQS] - 1894(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIC Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 54th Battalion, Sergeant, 1914-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1934-1980)

* [[/John Victor Thomas Hutchison|Hutchison, John Victor Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89S-PY2] - 1907(NZ)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JH Sydney (Kirribilli, 1927-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Croydon, 1946-1955; Bardwell Park, 1956-1965; Castle Cove, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 374, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1010, 1928; COCP1 137, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Milson's Point, NSW, 1930-1937); laboratory assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); radio technician (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUTSON''===

* [[/James William Hutson|Hutson, James William &quot;William&quot;, &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-Z6J] - 1912(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Echuca (1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 635, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon; Another contemporaneous JWH

===''HUTTON''===

* [[/David Hutton|Hutton, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-JXG] - 1912(Sct)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Abermain (1929-1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 551, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abermain, 1934-1963; Klworth, 1972-1977); retired (Klworth, 1980)

* [[/Harry Vardon John Hutton|Hutton, Harry Vardon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-4VK] - 1913(NSW)-2003(ACT) - Licences: 2HV Inverell (1932-1939, 1946-1947); 2HV Duntroon (1948-1955); 1HV Duntroon (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1048, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Inverell, NSW, 1935-1949); soldier (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968); army (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968-1977); retired (Chifley, ACT, 1980)

===''HYLAND''===

* [[/Leonard Philip Hyland|Hyland, Leonard Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8N6-XLK] - 1903(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: 7LP Hobart (City, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1791, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 271, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hobart Central, 1928) - Comment: Passed on Duty; Gone too soon - Links: [https://www.themercury.com.au/news/tasmania/tasmania-fire-service-chief-chris-arnol-urges-everyone-to-reflect-on-the-selflessness-of-firefighters-in-the-pursuit-of-public-safety/news-story/59c6315bbf383ef9bb4e270d60cd9296 Mercury]

=='''I'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''IKIN''===

* [[/William George Ikin|Ikin, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWFZ-C37] - 1887(NSW)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 4SM Townsville (1925-1926); 4SM Brisbane (New Farm, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 201, 1925, No. 18 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (dealer licence); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Gladstone, 1913); engineer &amp; electrician (Barcaldine, 1914); manager (Strand Motors, Townsville, 1925); motor mechanic (Mt Garnet, 1937-1949; Cardwell, 1949); farmer (Mareeba, 1954-1972)

===''INCE''===

* [[/Frederick George Ince|Ince, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTL8-9RM] - 1912(Vic)-2013(Vic)101yo - Licences: 3FG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1939; Brighton, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1047, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); accountant (Brighton, Vic, 1963); bank manager (Brighton, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''INGLIS''===

* [[/Kenneth Stanley Inglis|Inglis, Kenneth Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HJ-KZK] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (ABC); &quot;This is the ABC&quot;; &quot;Whose ABC?&quot; - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Acton, ACT, 1963; O'Connor, ACT, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Ken Inglis|Wikipedia]]; [https://halloffame.melbournepressclub.com/article/ken-inglis Australian Media Hall of Fame]; [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1031461X.2018.1493961 Obit]

* [[/Sydney David Inglis|Inglis, Sydney David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7K-DBM] - 1913(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2SQ Sydney (Enmore, 1933; Stanmore, 1935-1939; Croydon, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1121, 1933, NSW; BOCP 16, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943); factory superintendent (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954); works manager (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Campbelltown, NSW, 1980)

===''INNES''===

* [[/D. D. Innes|Innes, D. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Glebe Point, 1933-1934 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRELAND''===

* [[/George Wilbert Ireland|Ireland, George Wilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9H-D62] - 1911(Vic)-2004(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3IG Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2052, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: orchard hand (Mitcham, Vic, 1934-1954); orchardist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963; Coldstream, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Leslie Keith Ireland|Ireland, Leslie Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMD-BPV] - 1908(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5KR Mt Gambier (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 950, 1927; AOLCP 60, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633509 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721431 AWM]; [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ireland-leslie-keith-47849/ AHM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''IRESON''===

* [[/Keith Benton Ireson|Ireson, Keith Benton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQS9-PWM] - 1925(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AIR Melbourne (Templestowe, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 875, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Relationships: Son of 3ZY-3AIR Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kyneton, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954; Templestowe, Vic, 1963); engineer (Gisborne, Vic, 1967; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson|Ireson, Melville Charles Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZT-ML6] - 1898(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Kyneton (1926-1933); 3AIR Kyneton (1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 305, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918) - Relationships: Father of 3AIR Keith Benton Ireson - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Maldon, Vic, 1919); telegraphist (Ballarat, Vic, 1925); postal employee (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''IRVINE''===

* [[/Charles John Irvine|Irvine, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9SW-PQ5] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1923); 3DF Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1439, 1935, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 3TU James Forbes Irvine - Electoral Rolls: forest officer (Daylesford, Vic, 1931; Mont Park, Vic, 1934; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934-1937; St Kilda West, Vic, 1943-1954); forester (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); forest entomologist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1968; Camberwell, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Forbes Irvine|Irvine, James Forbes &quot;Boots&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCM-WFG] - 1916(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 3TU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947; Auburn, 1948; Balwyn, 1954-1956; City, 1960); 2AXQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969; Castle Cove, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1537, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VH-3DF Charles John Irvine - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); analyst (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1972); retired (Canterbury, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Irvine|Irvine, William]] - 1907(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4IR Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1987, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WIs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRVING''===

* [[/Cyril Lawson Irving|Irving, Cyril Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-65R] - 1912(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4WL Brisbane (Annerley, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1199, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Godfrey George Howy Irving|Irving, Godfrey George Howy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT2H-SPK] - 1867(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XYR Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF Major-General) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Melbourne, Vic, 1905; West Perth, WA, 1914; Brisbane North, Qld, 1917); staff corps (Kew, Vic, 1921-1937)

===''ISLES''===

* [[/James William Clifford Isles|Isles, James William Clifford &quot;Clifford&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBVH-RV1] - 1894(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CC Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1922); 4CC Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (QWI); business proprietor (Isles Love &amp; Co, Allan &amp; Stark); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1915-1937); manager (Hamilton, 1943-1958); director (Hamilton, 1963)

===''ISRAEL''===

* [[/Morris Samuel Israel|Israel, Morris Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-CBC] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XMU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913); 3ZN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924; Malvern, 1925-1926; Burwood, 1927); 3ZN Geelong, 1931-1933; 3ZN Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 13, 1924, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 35, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcasting executive; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda, 1919-1924); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1926-1928); broadcasting engineer (Geelong, 1931); engineer (Geelong North, 1936; Camberwell, 1937-1963);

===''IVES''===

* [[/Cecil Albert Ives|Ives, Cecil Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-848] - 1916(SA)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 5AF Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1451, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ives-cecil-albert-300407/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''J'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''JACKSON''===

* [[/Alfred Cecil Jackson|Jackson, Alfred Cecil &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDLP-F65] - 1900(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4AJ Brisbane (Fairfield, 1931); 2BO Bangalow (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 620, 1921; 1COCP 67, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG, Brisbane Cmcls); state public servant (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Fairfield, Qld, 1928-1931); farmer (Possum Creek, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (Fairfield, Qld, 1943-1954); farmer (O'Possum Creek via Bangalow, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Alfred George Jackson|Jackson, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5P-2X1] - 1864(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: 4DG Receive Brisbane (Wynnum, Qld, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; radio clubs (WIQ, QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer - Relationships: father of Arthur Appleton Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1903-1913); electrician (Wynnum, Qld, 1914-1934)

* [[/Arthur Appleton Jackson|Jackson, Arthur Appleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY55-M8F] - 1891(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer; business proprietor; Relationships: son of Alfred George Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Wynnum, Qld, 1913-1914; Morningside, Qld, 1915-1919; Wynnum, Qld, 1919; South Brisbane, Qld, 1921-1968); retired (Hill End, Qld, 1972; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1977; Hopetoun Home, Oxley, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Charles Joseph Jackson| Jackson, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-PQT] - 1910(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 2AIV Carool (1937-1939); 3CU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; East Oakleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2053, 1937, NSW; BOCP 299, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Piggabeen, NSW, 1930-1934; Tweed Heads, NSW, 1935; Carool, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949);  radio engineer (Oakleigh East, Vic, 1963-1967; Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Peardon Jackson|Jackson, Harry Peardon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY2-PWW] - 1887(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AHZ Sydney (Church Point, 1938-1939; Coogee, 1946-1947; Church Point, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1919); no occupation (Church Point, NSW, 1934-1968)

* [[/James William Jackson|Jackson, James William &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7FH-JCW] - 1916(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Brisbane (Cribb Island, 1938-1939; 1946-1969; Lawnton, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2096, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); military (WW2,Northern Command Signals); farmer/electrician/radio &amp; TV serviceman - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cribb Island, Qld, 1937-1968); rubber worker (Lawnton, Qld 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond George Jackson|Jackson, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-YNR] - 1913(Eng)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3PU Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939; Canterbury, 1947-1948; Middle Brighton, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1699, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tester (Williamstown, Vic, 1936); laboratory assistant (Essendon, Vic, 1942; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1967); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1972); engineer (Heidelberg West, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Thomas William Jackson|Jackson, Thomas William]] - 1830(Eng)-1918(Vic) - Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria ca 1880, clubs &amp; societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, ca 1880)

* [[/William Leslie Jackson|Jackson, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH5-SJ7] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3XM Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939, 1947-1965; Carnegie, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1361, 1934, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925-1927; Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JACOBS''===

* [[/James William Samuel Jacobs|Jacobs, James William Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-SXG] - 1902(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923); 3YM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 784, 1923 (Marconi); COCP2 319, 1931; COCP1 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1980)

* [[/Sydney S. Jacobs|Jacobs, Sydney S. (Sasoon?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP6-2XB] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1225, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ship's steward (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931)?; traveller (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); soldier (Mosman, NSW, 1949); company director (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''JAMES''===

* [[/Arthur George James|James, Arthur George or George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-B9B] - 1911(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JV Macorna (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 777, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Macorna, Vic, 1934-1937; Carlton, Vic, 1943; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949); engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1968; Box Hill, Vic, 1972); director (Croydon, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Brian Russell James|James, Brian Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLV-GXV] - 1920(SA)-1944(Europe) - Licences: 5BL Adelaide (1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 2293, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 76 Squadron RAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325112 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://highgate-rsl.org.au/afcraaf-roll/james-brian-russell-417490/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Hector Keith James|James, Hector Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-WVL] - 1905(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2XA Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923); 2XA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Ashfield, 1934; Double Bay, 1935-1936; Coogee, 1937-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Summer Hill, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 183, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Summer Hill, 1930-1933), engineer (Edgecliff, 1936; Ashfield, 1949; Summer Hill, 1943-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2XA - Hector Keith James&quot;

* [[/Herbert Ronald James|James, Herbert Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-1SM] - 1904(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Birchip (1931-1933); 3LH Drouin (1938-1939); 7LH Western Junction (1947); 7LH Launceston (1948); 3AJJ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1954); 3AJJ Lubeck (1955-1956); 3AJJ Braeside (1960); 3AJJ Rupanyup (1965-1969); 3AJJ Nowa Nowa (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 813, 1931, Vic; BOCP 17, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, 1925); fitter &amp; turner (Merbein, 1928-1931); radio engineer (Merbein, 1936); technician (Western Junction, Tas, 1949); radio engineer (Deepdene, 1954); technician (Rupanyup, 1963-1968); retired (Nowa Nowa, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. James|James, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZE via Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Reynolds James|James, Thomas Reynolds]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, worked on original Melbourne-Williamstown telegraph line 1854, later in charge of Melbourne Telegraph Office, but transferred to inspectorial work in 1879 due to disorganisation, reinstated in 1880)

===''JAMIESON''===

* [[/Charles William Jamieson|Jamieson, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4SY-YNQ] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XJW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 3CJ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1926); 3XX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 130, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1921-1925); mechanic (Malvern, 1926-1968)

* [[/John Edward Jamieson|Jamieson, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-M43] - 1910(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6LA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1930-1933); 6LA Kalgoorlie (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 673, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1936-1937); salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1943); radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954)

===''JANSEN''===

* [[/Claude Harold Jansen|Jansen, Claud or Claude Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-9TN] - 1890(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: V751 Receive Yarrawonga (1922); 3GW Receive Yarrawonga (1922)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: printer (Yarrawonga, 1913-1922); linotype engineer (Yarrawonga, 1924-1931); printer (Shepparton, 1934-1937); linotype operator (Albury, 1937-1949); engineer (Albury, 1954-1968)

===''JARDINE''===

* [[/William Ronald Jardine|Jardine, William Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZC-T63] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PR Melbourne (Essendon, 1929-1933); 3PR Leongatha (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 533, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 108, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Craigieburn, 1934); dairy farmer (Leongatha, 1937-1954); salesman (Leongatha, 1963-1980)

===''JARMAN''===

* [[/Oswald Arthur Jarman|Jarman, Oswald Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-K6Y] - 1894(SA)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 162, 1915; 1COCP 37, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1921-1922); telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1928); supervisor (Bentley, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''JARVIS''===

* [[/Vincent Jack Edwin Jarvis|Jarvis, Vincent Jack Edwin &quot;Victor&quot;, &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2K-6FP] - 1912(WA)-1941(Libya) - Licences: 2VJ Orange (1930-1933); 2VJ Dubbo (1934); 2VJ Wellington (1935-1936); 2VJ Bathurst (1937); 2VJ Griffith (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 695, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 46, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (2VJ Wellington); broadcast engineer (2BS, 2RG); WW2 (RAAF, Rathmines Flying Boats Base, Palestine, Egypt, Libya) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wellington, 1936), radio engineer (Bathurst, 1937), wireless operator (Rathmines, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633817 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''JEBB''===

* [[/Thomas Keith Jebb|Jebb, Thomas Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MW78-HHC] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1861, 1937, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Creswick, Vic, 1919-1920); technical school teacher (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1922-1924); electrical engineer (Launceston West, Tas, 1928-1954)

===''JEFFES''===

* [[/Stephen Gregory Jeffes|Jeffes, Stephen Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5J-P7V] - 1888(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAE Sydney (Bankstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (5th Ambulance Brigade, 1916-1919); WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bankstown, NSW, 1913); farmer (Carool, NSW, 1934-1936); banana inspector (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937); civil servant (Macksville, NSW, 1943-1949); inspector (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''JEFFRYES''===

* [[/Sydney Harry Jeffryes|Jeffryes, Sydney Harry]] - 1884(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: X?? Brisbane - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; ship's wireless operator; member of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-1914 - Links:

===''JEFFS''===

* [[/Vincent Jeffs|Jeffs, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-4M8] - 1912?(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4VJ Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1933; City, 1934-1939, 1946; Gordon Park, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 753, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio cub (WIAQ, life member, lecturer, code instructor, field days, JOTA, conventions, operator 4WI); business proprietor (Jeffs Radio) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1934; New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1937); radio manufacturer (New Farm, Qld, 1943); salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1949); businessman (Gordon Park, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''JENKIN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Jenkin|Jenkin, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5NC-6HK] - 1911(Vic)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3CM Melbourne (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 965, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1937-1943); draftsman (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''JENKINS''===

* [[/Edward Harry Jenkins|Jenkins, Edward Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBQ8-YK2] - 1916(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939); 3QK Churchill Island (1947); 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1862, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Churchill Island, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''JENNER''===

* [[/John Henry Jenner|Jenner, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Y9-64Z] - 1877(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 7BM Receive Premaydena (1923); Receive Premaydena (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 2ABM John Ingoldsby Jenner - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Lindisfarne, 1914); orchardist (Koonya, 1919-1928); Xray technician (Double Bay, NSW, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935)

* [[/John Ingoldsby Jenner|Jenner, John Ingoldsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKY4-7S2] - 1904(Eng)-1980(???) - Licences: 2ABM Sydney (Maroubra, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1194, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BM John Henry Jenner - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Haberfield, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935); telephone engineer (Maroubra, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, 1943-1954; Revesby, 1968); retired (Turramurra, 1972); engineer (Revesby, 1980)

===''JENNISON''===

* [[/James Crosby Jennison|Jennison, James Crosby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRWZ-JB6] - 1923(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5JJ Adelaide (Black Forest, 1947; Enfield, 1954-1960); 1JN Canberra (Hughes, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2432, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For courage &amp; tenacity on two operational tours, 1945 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hughes, ACT, 1972-1980)

* [[/Joseph William Jennison|Jennison, Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS7-316] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 2JJ Mathoura (1928-1939); 2MX Mathoura (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 414, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 4th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Comment: Licences in the name of his father John William Jennison but most likely son was operator, father passed in 1942 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mathoura, NSW, 1930-1949; Echuca, Vic, 1954; Deniliquin, NSW, 1958); nil (Echuca, Vic, 1963)

===''JENSEN''===

* [[/Jens August Jensen|Jensen, Jens August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQM-1MX] - 1865(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Minister for Navy (1915-1917) - Comment: famously dismissed for corruption in respect of purchase of Shaw Wireless Works in 1916 - Electoral Rolls: licensed victualler (Beauty Point, Tas, 1914-1919); orchardist (Beauty Point, Tas, 1919-1922); no occupation (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936) - Links: [[w:Jens_Jensen_(politician)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/jensen-jens-august-6840 ADB]

* [[/Laurence Richard Hopkins Jensen|Jensen, Laurence or Lawrence Richard Hopkins &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-MJ1] - 1906(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: 7BL Receive West Devonport (1923); Receive West Devonport (1923-1924); 7LJ Launceston (1925-1939, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 78, 1925, Tas; BOCP 215, 1939; 1AOCP 9, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW@ (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (New Town, 1928); teacher (New Town, 1936-1972)

===''JENVEY''===

* [[/Henry Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, Henry Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QJ-7TS] - 1851(Eng)-1932(Vic) - Licences: AA Melbourne 1900; X?? Melbourne - early wireless experimenter, arguably his use of the identifier AA was the first use of an Australian callsign; arguably Australia's first amateur operator as the majority of his experiments were self-funded and in his own time - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - employment (Vic P &amp; T; PMGD) - Relationships: father of 3WW William Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, 1909); public servant (Caulfield East, 1919-1931)

* [[/William Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, William Walter &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QV-9GL] - 1904(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 3AY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927; Ormond, 1931-1938); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1939); 3AY Melbourne (Ormond, 1947); 2ZO Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1969); 2ZO Noosa Heads (1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 824, 1924; 1COCP 68, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of Henry Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1927); operator (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1972); nil (Nelligen, NSW, 1977; Noosa Heads, Qld, 1980)

===''JEPSON''===

* [[/Reginald Raymond Jepson|Jepson, Reginald Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-WX5] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2064, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1949); public servant (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1968; Highett, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JEREMY''===

* [[/John Jeremy|Jeremy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-GSZ] - 1897(NSW)-1957(ACT) - Licences: XFE Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1934-1943); bank manager (Deakin, ACT, 1949-1954)

===''JERRARD''===

* [[/Frederick Joseph Jerrard|Jerrard, Frederick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB43-BKT] - 1899(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4DR Receive Gayndah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Gayndah, 1921-1930); motor mechanic (Gayndah, 1936-1937); engineer (Indooroopilly, 1943-1963)

===''JESSOP''===

* [[/Patrick Ferman Jessop|Jessop, Patrick Ferman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QN-8HV] - 19??(Eng?)-19??(Qld?) - Licences: 4PJ Kamma (1925-1927); 4PJ Cairns (Hambledon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1(RFC) - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Edmonton, 1922-1930); weigh bridge clerk (Hambledon, 1936-1943)

===''JEWELL''===

* [[/Thomas John Jewell|Jewell, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYD-YH1] - 1905(WA)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6CA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1927); 6JJ Kalgoorlie (1930-1931); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 876, 1925; 1COCP 129, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1937); radio inspector (Victoria Park, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949); inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1954-1963)

===''JINKS''===

* [[/Edwin William Jinks|Jewell, Edwin William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPM6-6JD] - 1914(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HX Broken Hill (1931-1939); 2ADJ Broken Hill (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 830, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 202, 1938; COCP1 355, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1943); senior communications officer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963); public servant (Broken Hill, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Broken Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''JOHNSON''===

* [[/Andrew Keith Johnson|Johnson, Andrew Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54J-MQ2] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2NJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1969; Padstow, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1157, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Inconsistency death &amp; licensing dates needs further investigation - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1934); hospital attendant (Punchbowl, NSW, 1936-1968); retired (Padstow, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Arthur Johnson|Johnson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD7-X12] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4PX Brisbane (Hendra, 1938-1939; Ascot, 1946-1948; Hendra, 1954-1975), 4PX Buddina Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2093, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF, Signals) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AJs - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth public servant (Hendra, Qld, 1968) + others

* [[/Arthur Lester Johnson|Johnson, Arthur Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB87-RR1] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FL Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1960; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 53, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3XH-3JW Stanley William Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1954; Box Hill South, Vic, 1963); traffic policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968); policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Carl Francis Johnson|Johnson, Carl Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH8T-HSH] - 1899(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); 7AR Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 218, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: federal servant (West Hobart, 1922-1954)

* [[/Colin Wymess Johnson|Johnson, Colin Wymess or Wemyss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYF-8GK] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AJC Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939); 2YJ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1946-1955; CBD, 1956-1961; Merewether, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2080, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954); manager (Merewether, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Norman Johnson|Johnson, Edward Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM4W-MLQ] - 1886(Vic)-1960(USA) - Licences: Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3ZO Warrnambool (1923-1924); 3ZO Horsham (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, 1909); manager (Wonthaggi, 1914); draper (Newtown, 1917); traveller (Geelong, 1919)

* [[/H. B. Johnson|Johnson, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1926); 5HB Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 252, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - common surname, individual not yet identified

* [[/Ivo Uric Johnson|Johnson, Ivo Uric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VV-H8S] - 1903(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4KL Cairns (1933-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 813, 1924; 2COCP 668, 1942; 1COCP 655, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1936-1963) 

* [[/John Eric Johnson|Johnson, John Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PS-MYR] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936); 2AFZ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1492, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre employee (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1968)

* [[/Joseph Murray Johnson|Johnson, Joseph Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YM-M5N] - 1889(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 113, 1915; 1COCP 200, 1931 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Geraldton, 1915-1917); radio expert (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield, 1937); engineer (Longueville, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Turramurra, 1954-1963); retired (Strathfield, 1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1977; Wauchope/Yrrs, 1980)

* [[/Leonard Waring Johnson|Johnson, Leonard Waring]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG7-CK6] - 1916(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3YF Melbourne (Deepdene, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 968, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/S. Johnson|Johnson, S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Mudgee (1925-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley William Johnson|Johnson, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-D8W] - 1908(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Sale (1937-1939); 3JW Melbourne (Burwood, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1954, 1937, Vic; BOCP 654 or 64, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FL Arthur Lester Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1933); radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1936-1937); soldier (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); engineer (Balwyn North, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''JOHNSTON''===

* [[/George Daniel Johnston|Johnston, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQB-K36] - 1905(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1279, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Parkville, Vic, 1927-1931); engineer (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); draftsman (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/H. B. Johnston|Johnston, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Johnston|Johnston, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-39X] - 1908(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 3ST Benalla (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 819, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Benalla, Vic, 1936-1937); meteorologist (Newport, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Lane Cove, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Norman Brint Johnston|Johnston, Norman Brint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-K7F] - 1913(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6NJ Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1933; Subiaco, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 642, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Subiaco, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Maylands, 1943-1968; Mt Lawley, 1972-1977)

* [[/Robert Walter Johnston|Johnston, Robert Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDS-FHJ] - 1914(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LQ Brisbane (Petrie Terrace, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1270, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1936-1937); no occupation (Ingleburn, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1963)

* [[/William Carlyle Johnston|Johnston, William Carlyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P3-L4J] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Grafton (1935-1936); 2CJ Coffs Harbour (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2CJ Sawtell (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1479, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1936); mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1937-1943); radio engineer (Sawtell, NSW, 1949); joiner (Sawtell, NSW, 1954); carpenter (Sawtell, NSW, 1958-1968); radio mechanic (Sawtell, NSW, 1973-1977)

* [[/William David Johnston|Johnston, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-3RY] - 1909(Irl)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2YZ Sydney (Ryde, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Gladesville, 1950; Matraville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 616, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 323, 1931; 1COCP 398, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1943); radio engineer (Gladesville, NSW, 1949; Matraville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOHNSTONE''===

* [[/H. D. Johnstone|Johnstone, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JONASSON''===

* [[/Roy Peter Jonasson|Jonasson, Roy Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KPW-ZL1] - 1908(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4NG Alberton (1931-1933); 7NG Derwent Park (1937-1939); 3ND Castlemaine (1946-1969); 9NG, PNG; 4NE Brisbane (Kingston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 827, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, QRP Club, RAAF Wireless Reserve, Qld Listeners' League); employment (Qld State Electricity Commission) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Castlemaine, 1942-1972); retired (Kingston, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''JONES''===

* [[/Alfred Ernest Jones|Jones, Alfred Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61R-CTW] - 1894(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 241, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Comment: not all electoral roll entries identified, several contemporaneous AEJs; Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1917-1922)

* [[/David Owen Jones|Jones, David Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-HV6] - 1916(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3ED Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1937-1939, 1947; North Essendon, 1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1916, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942); draughtsman (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/David William Jones|Jones, David William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DJ Brisbane (Chelmer, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 683, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous DWJs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chelmer, 1925-1931); engineer (Holland Park, 1958)? 

* [[/Donald Atkinson Jones|Jones, Donald Atkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSN-327] - 1911(NSW)-2000(SA) - Licences: 2SF Wollongong (Austinmer, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 398, 1932; COCP1 147, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Austinmer, NSW, 1932-1937; Flinders Island, Tas, 1949)

* [[/George Edward Jones|Jones, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2F-D9R] - 1903(???)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); Crystal Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1923); 2GJ Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1934; Naremburn, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Bondi, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1053, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Zetland, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); motor driver (Bondi, 1943-1949) 

* [[/Harold Jones|Jones, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-RSJ] - 1906(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AGG Speers Point (1937-1938, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1926, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HJs - Electoral Rolls: shiftman (Boolaroo, NSW, 1937); bus conductor (Speers Point, NSW, 1943-1949)

* [[/Lancelot Cyril Jones|Jones, Lancelot Cyril &quot;Lance&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L3-2LS] - 1891(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: XVB Adelaide (Hawthorn, 1913-1914); 5BQ Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1923-1924); 5DN Adelaide (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; co-founder 5DN commercial Adelaide - Electoral Rolls: manager (Broadway Estate, 1939-1943)

* [[/Leslie Jones|Jones, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY84-XVZ] - 1909(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1482, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Paul Alfred Jones|Jones, Paul Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-CJT] - 1920(Tas)-2013(Tas)93yo - Licences: 7PJ King Island (Grassy, 1939, 1947-1948); 7PJ Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1954-1975; Hobart City, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2256, 1939, Tas; BOCP 579, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954); engineer (Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Edward Jones|Jones, Raymond Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL9R-FLM] - 1900(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3RJ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1928; Box Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 407, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Newmarket, 1921); public servant (Ascot Vale, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Box Hill, 1931-1943); supervisor (Box Hill, 1949-1963); retired (Box Hill, 1968-1980)

* [[/Robert Harold Jones|Jones, Robert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPF-BKS] - 1896(Wales)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AHF Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Canley Vale, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1960, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1931; Rockdale, NSW, 1933); engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1934); motor mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1935-1943); technician (Edensor Park, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Rothney Bray Jones|Jones, Rothney Bray &quot;Roth&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN43-9N4] - 1918(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3BG Bendigo (1936-1939, 1947); 3BG Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1948-1975; Abbotsford, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1696, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1967-1972; Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley William Jones|Jones, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-BPL] - 1917(Vic)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 3SF Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1953, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army, Signalman, 6 Division Signals) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1687469] - Comment: Another Stanley William Jones died in WW2, Flight Sergeant, 626 Squadron - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Vernon Marshall Jones|Jones, Vernon Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-5YM] - 1913(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3YE Colac (1947-1948); 3YE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1954-1960; Box Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2347, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: welder (Caulfield, Vic, 1935-1937); technical assistant (Colac, Vic, 1943); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-68; Box Hill North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Jones|Jones, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NB-Z8F] - 1914(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2PY Sydney (Marrickville, 1930-1933); 2RS Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1939); 2WP Sydney (Bexley, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 652, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 57, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of William Daniel Jones - Electoral Rolls: tramway employee (Sydenham, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1949-1972); telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980) - Comment: Another contemporaneous Walter Henry Jones in Sydney b.1915 m.Edith

* [[/William Daniel Jones|Jones, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGX-G5N] - 1910(Wales)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1614, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2PY-2RS-2WP Walter Henry Jones - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Sydenham, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1934); upholsterer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1935-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1963; Marrickville, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/W. R. Jones|Jones, W. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EK Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JORDAN''===

* [[/James Jordan|Jordan, James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-VNQ] - 1903(Sct)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4JJ Ipswich (1933); 4JJ Bundaberg (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1162, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); senior military (RAAF, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: striker (West Ipswich, Qld, 1932); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1934-1937)

* [[/Lawrence Jordan|Jordan, Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-N6K] - 1934(Vic)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Figtree (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1578, 1957; AOCP 3758, 1958, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Figtree, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Robert Jordan|Jordan, Robert]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 4, 1914, No. 4 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system - commercial operator; coastal station operator? - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Robert Frederick Jordan|Jordan, Robert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8TB-KWK] - 1898(Vic)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 3IL Gabo Island (1935-1939); 7IL Currie (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1529, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 24th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Relationships: Father of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan &amp; 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: returned soldier (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1919); plumber (Coburg, Vic, 1921-1928; Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1931; Cape Everard, Vic, 1934); lightkeeper (Gabo Island, Vic, 1936-1937; Cape Schanck, Vic, 1942; Currie, Tas, 1954); no occupation (Currie, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Robert Edward Jordan|Jordan, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-677] - 1929(Vic)-2008(Tas) - Licences: 3AKJ Melbourne (North Aspendale, 1965-1975); 7JR Currie (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1564, 1963; AOCP 4202, 1964, Vic - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); telephone technician (Carrum, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JOSCELYNE''===

* [[/Robert Alan Joscelyne|Joscelyne, Robert Alan &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4NC-8JD] - 1908(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AJO Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1938; Cheltenham, 1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2215, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); traveller (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1936-1937); agent (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); manager (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOUGHIN''===

* [[/E. G. Joughin|Joughin, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALI Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Maxwell Joughin|Joughin, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-1LR] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3BR Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1948; Pakenham, 1954); 3BR Tangambalanga (1955-1965); 4JU Buderim (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 152, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1937; Packenham East, Vic, 1954; Tangambalanga, Vic, 1963-1967); no occupation (Buderim, Qld, 1968); trundler (Buderim, Qld, 1972); labourer (Forest Glen, Qld, 1977)

===''JOYCE''===

* [[/Victor Stanley Joyce|Joyce, Victor Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9K8R-3RQ] - 1920(Eng)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEN Sydney (Five Dock, 1936-1939; Drummoyne, 1946; Collaroy, 1947-1955; Dee Why, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1709, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); photographer (Collaroy, NSW, 1949-1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''JUDD''===

* [[/Clarence Harvey Judd|Judd, Clarence Harvey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVF-9XS] - 1920(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5HQ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3374, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Oswald William Judd|Judd, Oswald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVX-X56] - 1896(SA)-1934(SA) - Licences: XVF Adelaide (North Norwood, 1913); Receive Adelaide (Payneham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JULSTEDT''===

* [[/E. Julstedt|Julstedt, E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4JD Daru, PNG (1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JUNK''===

* [[/Gerhardt Philip Junk|Junk, Gerhardt Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FL-3W8] - 1896(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XACX Sydney (Sans Souci, 1913-1914); 2AZ Receive Sydney (Sans Souci, 1922-1923); 2EY Sydney (Sans Souci, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, 1289, 1934, NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Sans Souci, NSW, 1930-1935); tram conductor (Sans Souci, NSW, 1937-1943)

=='''K'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''KANE''===

* [[/John Leslie Kane|Kane, John Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LT-K1L] - 1910(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4ZZ Toowoomba (1939, 1947-1954); 4ZZ Harlaxton (1955); 4ZZ Rockhampton (1956); 4ZZ Brisbane (Northgate, 1960; Lawnton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2335, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); senior state public servant (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Roma, Qld, 1931-1937); railway clerk (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954); QGR clerk (Northgate, Qld, 1958; Lawnton, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KARPPINEN''===

* [[/Karl Horace Karppinen|Karppinen, Karl Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J6-WST] - 1917(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2157, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KAUFMAN''===

* [[/Samuel Donald Kaufman|Kaufman, Samuel Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6X-937] - 1904(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SK Sydney (Belmore, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 448, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1980)

===''KAUPER''===

* [[/Henry Alexis Kauper|Kauper, Henry or Heinrich Alexis &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXZ-WYQ] - 1888(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: S643 Adelaide (1921-1922); 5BG Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923-1926; Tusmore, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 97, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; inventor - Electoral Rolls: chauffer (Willaura, Vic, 1910); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1931-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;S643-5BG - Henry Alexis Kauper&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kauper-henry-alexis-harry-6898 ADB]

===''KAYESS''===

* [[/Sydney Kayess|Kayess, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYG-NHD] - 1892(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Cooktown, 1917); engineer (Hendra, Qld, 1919); engine driver (Charleville, Qld, 1921); mechanic (Mossman, 1925); motor mechanic (Watchem, Vic, 1928); auto engineer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930); garage manager (New Lambton, NSW, 1930; Foveaux, NSW, 1933); engineer (Forest Lodge, NSW, 1935-1937); labourer (Darlinghurst, 1937; Glenmore, NSW, 1943); mechanical engineer trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); engineer (Manly North, NSW, 1958)

===''KEANE''===

* [[/John Patrick James Keane|Keane, John Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V5-P25] - 1903(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JN Cessnock (1930-1931); 2JN Sydney (Millers Point, 1931); 2JN Cessnock (1933-1936); 2JN Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939; McMahons Point, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 698, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Darling Harbour, 1930); clerk (Cessnock, 1931-1932; Newcastle, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1937; McMahons Point, 1943-1949; North Sydney, 1958-1963)

===''KEAST''===

* [[/Leslie John Keast|Keast, Leslie John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2QP-J6X] - 1886(SA)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Journalist (Wireless Weekly; shortwave editor, Australasian Radio World, 1940-1951; Radio &amp; Hobbies), professional monitor (OWI/VOA, WW2); silent era cinematographer - Electoral Rolls: licensed victuallar (Royal Hotel, Bowral, 1933-1934); ex-hotelkeeper (Coogee, 1935); clerk (Randwick North, 1936-1937); sales manager (Carlingford, 1943); organising secretary (Ermington, 1949-1958)

===''KEATING''===

* [[/Thomas Joseph Keating|Keating, Thomas Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVD-862] - 1902(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Mentone,1938-1939); 3KW Melbourne (Mentone, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2128, 1938, Vic; COCP1 512, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1931-1934; Mentone, Vic, 1936-1968)

===''KEDDIE''===

* [[/Phillip Robert Keddie|Keddie, Phillip Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-1T7] - 1921(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5KZ Adelaide (Woodville Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1882, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: AMF (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

===''KEILLOR''===

* [[/William Keillor|Keillor, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-YNZ] - 1902(???)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KW Geelong (West Geelong, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 895, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1928-1954); nil (Geelong West, Vic, 1963)

===''KEITH''===

* [[/Gordon Harold Keith|Keith, Gordon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCL-2BW] - 1919(Qld)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 4EK Brisbane (Hill End, 1947-1955); 5EK Adelaide (Clarence Park, 1956); 3AFK Melbourne (East Malvern, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2446, 1940, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Hill End, Qld, 1941-1954); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); A.R.A. (Narrabundah, ACT, 1963); farmer (Ingleside, Qld, 1968); public servant (Torrens, ACT, 1968-1980)

===''KELLS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Edward Kells|Kells, Alfred Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTMT-7D3] - 1900(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 2430 Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Moonee Ponds, 1921-1925); mechanic (Essendon, 1928-1954)

===''KELLY''===

* [[/Alexander Wainwright Kelly|Kelly, Alexander Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP6-G6V] - 1908(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Largs Bay (1923); Receive Largs Bay (1923); 5AW Lyndoch (1927-1939); 5XO Loxton (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 358, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur Broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: winemaker (Berri, 1939-1943)

* [[/Kenneth Melville Kelly|Kelly, Kenneth Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-LVP] - 1915(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3LL Melbourne (Carlton, 1937-1939); 7MF Maritime Mobile Auxiliary Ketch Matthew Flinders, Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1947); 7LL Hobart (CBD, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1965); 4MJ Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1969-1975); 2MJ Merimbula (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1854, 1937, Vic; COCP3 1236, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Queens College, Carlton, Vic, 1937); medical practitioner (Newtown, Tas, 1943-1958; Rio Vista, Qld, 1969-1972; Merimbula, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Patrick James Kelly|Kelly, Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CD-8LM] - 1909(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4KB Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954-1955; Camp Hill, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2393, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Comment: Several contemporaneous PJKs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Dutton Park, Qld, 1934-1937); civil servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949; Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ross Donaldson Kelly|Kelly, Ross Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7BG-2PR] - 1906(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5LW Adelaide (Unley, 1937-1939; Hazelwood Park, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2032, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assurance agent (Dulwich, 1941-1943)

===''KELSO''===

* [[/Andrew John Bruce Kelso|Kelso, Andrew John Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-8R3] - 1915(NSW)-2014(ACT)98yo - Licences: 2AGF Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938); 2WK Cooma (1955-1969); 8AC Nhulunbuy (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1683, 1936, NSW; BOCP 30, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Awards: OBE (1959, for services as radio officer, Snowy Mountains Authority) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943); wireless operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); orchardist (Valley Heights, Molong, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Cooma, NSW, 1958-1963); communications officer (Cooma, NSW, 1968); technical officer (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1972); radio technician (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1977-1980)

* [[/Graham Kelso|Kelso, Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXH-9DH] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EL Receive Brisbane (Nundah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1958); technician (Brisbane, Qld, 1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Thomas Kelso|Kelso, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HQX-4GF] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 979, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937); chemist (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1963)

===''KEMBLE''===

* [[/Frederick John Kemble|Kemble, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8WY] - 1915(SA)-1939(WA) - Licences: 6FJ Katanning (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1673, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith's striker (Katanning, WA, 1937)

===''KEMP''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Kemp|Kemp, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-PYS] - 1910(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4YA Yangan - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1466, 1935, Qld; BOCP 110, 1937; 2COCP 123, 1937; 1COCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Swanfels, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Joseph Edward Kemp|Kemp, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-NWV] - 1918(Tas)-1991(WA) - Licences: 7RZ Devonport (1937-1939); 7RZ Launceston (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1847, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Como, 1949); radio officer (Esperance, 1954-1958; Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

===''KEMPSTER''===

* [[/Frederick Kempster|Kempster, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVPC-NHM] - 1900(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: 5KM Darwin (1929-1931); 8KM Darwin (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 543, 1929, No. ?? in NT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Fullarton, 1934); supervisor (Fullarton, 1939-1943)

===''KEMPTON''===

* [[/Gordon Kempton|Kempton, Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSD-PJS] - 19??(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2CI Sydney (Kings Cross, 1935-1938); 2CI Newcastle (Merewether, 1939, 1946-1965); 2CI Sydney (Sylvania Waters, 1969); 2BCI Sydney (Kogarah, 1965); 4XX Brisbane (Yeronga, 1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1935; Merewether, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Yeronga, Qld, 1969-1972)

===''KENDERDINE''===

* [[/Clifford Walter Kenderdine|Kenderdine, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYR-H3J] - 1917(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WP Melbourne (Kew, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1203, 1933, Vic; BOCP 226, 1939; COCP1 380, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1943-1954); engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1967-1968); radio engineer (Lorne, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''KENNA''===

* [[/Vernon Francis Kenna|Kenna, Vernon Francis &quot;Vern&quot; / &quot;Marconi&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1D-4ZV] - 1908(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 4DE Receive Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1924); 4FK Brisbane (Hamilton, 1926-1939); 2JR Sydney (Middle Cove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 301, 1926, No. 29 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (PMGD); radiocommunications engineer; senior public servant (PMG, ABC2); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1954); engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1963; Killara, 1963; Middle Cove, 1968-1972; Willoughby, 1977-1980)

===''KENNEDY''===

* [[/Peter Kennedy|Kennedy, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKD-8Q7] - 1874(Vic)-1945(SA) - Licences: XYD Perth (City, 1913-1914); 6AM Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923-1927); 5AM Adelaide (City, 1928; Unley, 1931; New Parkside, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; senior federal public servant (PMG, concluding as Deputy Postmaster-General SA); WW1 - Awards: Imperial Service Order - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, 1903; Mt Lawley, 1910-1921); State Engineer (Maylands, 1925-1926); civil servant (New Parkside, 1939-1943)

* [[/M. Kennedy|Kennedy, M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EP Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 
* [[/Walter Donald Kennedy|Kennedy, Walter Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBRG-1WB] - 1869(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1926; Willoughby, 1927-1929); 2WK Helensburgh (1930-1933); 2WK Sydney (East Sydney, 1934); 2WK Wallerawang (1935); 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 121, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Murrumburrah, 1913; Helensburgh, 1930-1932); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); clerk in Holy Orders (Rockdale, 1936-1949)

===''KENNY''===

* [[/Edmund Francis Kenny|Kenny, Edmund Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MB-R3M] - 1903(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2EK Sydney (Lewisham, 1927-1928; Croydon, 1929; Ryde, 1930-1931; Granville, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2EK Wentworthville (1950-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 373, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1930); clerk (West Ryde, 1930-1933); engineer (Granville, 1935-1949); radio engineer (Wentworthville, 1954-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, 1972-1977)

* [[/Ferris Hope Kenny|Kenny, Ferris Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMQ-C17] - 1921(NSW)-2012(NSW) - Licences: 2AFK Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1834, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Earlwood, NSW, 1943-1958); accountant (Campsie, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''KEOGH''===

* [[/William George Keogh|Keogh, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJ4-H7G] - 19??(???)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ZA Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923; Stanmore, 1924-1925); licensed operator 2AG Grace Bros Broadway  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick North, 1943-1958)

===''KERBY''===

* [[/Edwin Thomas John Kerby|Kerby, Edwin Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM72-SFL] - 1888(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 7EK Ringarooma (1932-1939); 3KK Melbourne (Auburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 940, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (Major) - Awards: Military Star 1914-1915; British War Medal, Victory Medal; MBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Ballarat, 1909); restaurant keeper (Brunswick, 1914); electrical engineer (Richmond, 1914-1917); grazier (Ballarat, 1919); farmer (Linton, 1922); grazier (Fawkner, 1924-1925); engineer (St Kilda, 1943; Auburn, 1949-1968) - Links: [[w:Edwin Kerby|Wikipedia]]

===''KERKIN''===

* [[/Edward James Kerkin|Kerkin, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97PM-NZH] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939); 2ME Sydney (Epping, 1948-1958); 1ME Canberra (HMAS Harmon, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1388, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cycle builder (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); RAN (Epping, NSW, 1949-1963); naval officer (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1968); RAN (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''KERMOND''===

* [[/Leslie John Kermond|Kermond, Leslie John &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W7-Y88] - 1912(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Warrnambool (1928-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 417, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 182, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Warrnambool, 1936-1937); engineer (Swan Hill, 1942); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1949-1980)

===''KERNICK''===

* [[/Percy Edwin Kernick|Kernick, Percy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7S-JW1] - 1888(NSW)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6PK Perth (South Perth, 1927-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 378, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Sandstone/Mt Magnet, 1910); telegraphist (Brown Hill/Kalgoorlie, 1917; South Perth, 1925-1963)

===''KERR''===

* [[/Alfred Dixon Kerr|Kerr, Alfred Dixon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-ZKF] - 1910(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AL Ballarat (1926-1939, 1946-1960); 3JQ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 284, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 18, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, 1931-1968); retired (Hawthorn, 1977)

* [[/Allan Arthur Kerr|Kerr, Allan Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4S-W8R] - 1913(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2AFD Sydney (Thurgoona, 1936-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1826, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thurgoona, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Malvern, Vic, 1949); public servant (Malvern, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frank John Kerr|Kerr, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4H-5HB] - 1918(Eng)-2000(USA) - Licences: 3FK Melbourne (Canterbury, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1705, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio physicist (Cammeray, NSW, 1943; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); physicist (Turramurra, NSW, 1954-1963); radio astronomer (North Manly, NSW, 1963-1968) - Links: [[w:Frank John Kerr|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P001716b.htm EOAS]; [https://baas.aas.org/pub/frank-john-kerr-1918-2000/release/1 BAAS Biography]

* [[/Frederick Charles Kerr|Kerr, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HG-C7L] - 1921(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3AJK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2385, 1939, Vic; COCP2 1096, 1947; COCP1 1215, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Hilton Kerr|Kerr, Hilton &quot;Andy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J3-PB1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936; Darling Point, 1937-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1330, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Manly, NSW, 1930-1935); chauffeur (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Roy Kerr|Kerr, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-SBX] - 1917(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4DK Winton (1937-1939); 4DK Brisbane (Tingalpa, 1946-1951) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1941, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Relationships: brother of Vernon Lester Kerr 4LK - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Vernon Lester Kerr|Kerr, Vernon Lester &quot;Vern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-MCW] - 1912(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4LK Winton (1932-1933); 4LK Cloncurry (1937-1939, 1946-1948); 4LK Charters Towers (1954-1969); 4LK Charleville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 800, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; COCP 1941, amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, Soc Wireless Pioneers USA); employment (RFDS, technical officer / controller / announcer) - Relationships: brother of Roy Kerr 4DK - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1977); technician (Charleville, Qld, 1977)

===''KHAN''===

* [[/Kullandar Jallander Khan|Khan, Kullandar Jallander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX89-VLY] - 1916(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4QA Cairns (1937-1939, 1947); 4DC Cairns (1948-1960); 4DC Brisbane (New Farm, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1979, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 4QA may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 4QA Cairns - Electoral Rolls: picture theatre operater (Cairns, Qld, 1943); radio serviceman (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); tv technician (New Farm, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''KIDMAN''===

* [[/Charles Henry Arthur Kidman|Kidman, Charles Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5J3] - 1894(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 22, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1917); warehouse manager (Narabeen, NSW, 1930-1937); company representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); salesman (Harbord, NSW, 1949-1954); laboratory assistant (Harbord, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Ian McIvor Kidman|Kidman, Ian McIvor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD7Q-7N2] - 1915(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5JK Naracoorte (1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1163, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KIERNAN''===

* [[/Gerard Stanislaus Kiernan|Kiernan, Gerard Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXL-DG6] - 1923(Ireland)-2009(Aus) - Licences: 9GK Port Moresby (1960); 3ER Fiskville (1965); 2BGK Bringelly (1969-1975); 2BGK Moree (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (overseas?) - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: technical officer (Moree, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KIESINGER''===

* [[/Hans Kiesinger|Kiesinger, Hans]] - 19??(Switzerland?)-aft 2004(Qld) - Licences: HS1ALK, VK4/HE9RFF - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; broadcast listener - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified, lived Ghana (1950-1952); Thailand (1953-1979) &amp; Switzerland (1980-1994); may have returned to Switzerland prior to passing

===''KILBORN''===

* [[/Ernest Harrold Kilborn|Kilborn, Ernest Harrold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-Z4N] - 1908(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 883, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Not applicable) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''KILBY''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Kilby|Kilby, Raymond Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-9VD] - 1918(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7RK Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1461, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1568, 1957; 1COCP 1862, 1958; 2COCP T1, 1977 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Launceston, 1943-1972)

===''KILGARIFF''===

* [[/Joseph Kilgariff|Kilgariff, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-XBD] - 1886(NSW)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5JT Adelaide (Burnside, 1937-1939; Erindale, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1884, 1937, SA; 2COCP 325, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Boulder, WA, 1910-1912); builder (Alice Springs, NT, 1934; Burnside, SA, 1939); RAAF (Leabrook, SA, 1943)

===''KILPATRICK''===

* [[/James George Kilpatrick|Kilpatrick, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9F-HYX] - 1884(Eng)-1962(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State Engineer (PMGD, 1920s, 1930s); oversight of new 6WF 1932 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1916; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1917-1919); State engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1936); civil servant (West Perth, WA, 1937); electrical engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1954); retired (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''KILSBY''===

* [[/Keith Wilbur Kilsby|Kilsby, Keith Wilbur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCHP-4ZS] - 1912(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5PR Moorak (1933); 5PR Birdwood (1938); 5PR Wiltyerong via Murray Bridge (1947); 5PR Mingary via Murray Bridge (1948); 5PR Murray Bridge (1954); 5PR Adelaide (Payneham, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 419, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Birdwood, SA, 1939; Wiltyerong, SA, 1941-1943);

===''KIMPTON''===

* [[/Francis William Kimpton|Kimpton, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXZ-6PV] - 1897(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAAZ Grafton (1913-1914); 2BN Receive (1922-1924); 2BN Ballina (1925-1931); 2ABR Byron Bay (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 209, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1930-1932); clerk (Byron Bay, 1935-1936); shipping clerk (Byron Bay, NSW, 1937-1943); clerk (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1954; Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''KING''===

* [[/Charles Calvert King|King, Charles Calvert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQT-4R1] - 1885(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 105, 1915; 2COCP 155, 1930 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1914); warrant telegraphist (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1921-1925); music teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1930); musician (Clovelly, 1931; Rose Bay, 1932-1933); librarian (Woollahra, 1934); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935); Model Maker (Watson's Bay, 1936-1937)

* [[/Fred Esmond King|King, Fred Esmond (Electoral Rolls)  or Esmonde (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-81C] - 1896(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CQ Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Bulliwallah, Qld, 1919-1963)

* [[/Frederick Venn King|King, Frederick Venn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJHN-MV3] - 1888(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Cunnamulla (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1909); grazier (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1913-1921); not stated (Warrambah Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1925); grazier (Barrington Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1930-1954); retired (Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Norman Stanley King|King, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4V-4FT] - 1904(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2SZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1937; Neutral Bay, 1938; Cremorne, 1939); 2AEQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1954; Auburn, 1954-1955; North Sydney, 1956-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 866, 1931, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1937); tram employee (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); controllerman (Auburn, NSW, 1954)

===''KINGSLEY''===

* [[/John Kingsley|Kingsley, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7M-Q6R] - 1912(Aus)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACF Sydney (Artarmon, 1938-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1975; Sydney CBD, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2230, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1968); practitioner (Cremorne, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINGWELL''===

* [[/William Hercules Kingwell|Kingwell, William Hercules]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB)

===''KINNEAR''===

* [[/Henry Kinnear|Kinnear, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-9FV] - 1902(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3IO Receive Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1922); 3KN Melbourne (Brighton, 1932-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948; South Yarra, 19541960; Mt Eliza, 1965-1969); 3AKN Portable Melbourne (Toorak, 1948; South Yarra, 1954-1956); 4AVJ Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 944, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Prahran, Vic, 1924); manager (Prahran, Vic, 1925-1928); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937; South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1967-1968; Toorak, Vic, 1972); company director (Buderim, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''KINSCHER''===

* [[/Ernest Walter Dawes Kinscher|Kinscher, Ernest Walter Dawes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHP2-SLV] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2ADL Nyngan (1936-1937); 2ADL Parkes (!938); 2ADL Werris Creek (1939); 2ADL Sydney (Alexandria, 1946; Marrickville, 1947-1950; Lidcombe, 1954-1969; Baulkham Hills, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1729, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Bourke, NSW, 1936); railway employee (Nyngan, NSW, 1937; Bushman's Hill, Parkes, NSW, 1937); clerk (Alexandria, NSW, 1943; Petersham, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1968; Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINSELLA''===

* [[/Hector Thomas Kinsella|Kinsella, Hector Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-XN9] - 1912(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6HK Perth (Hollywood, 1930; East Perth, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 641, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (South Perth, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1943); pharmacist (Perth, 1949; Narrogin, 1954-1958; Applecross, 1963; Ardross, 1968-1972; Booragoon, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Wade Kinsella|Kinsella, Thomas Wade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8P2-TSG] - 1904(Vic)-2001(NSW)96yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Lubeck (1923); 3TK Lubeck (1924-1926); 3TK Rupanyup (1937-1939); 2FK Sydney (Rose Bay, 1946; Herne Bay, 1947; Sans Souci, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1992, 1937, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 532, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lubeck, 1927-1936); RAN (Sans Souci, 1949-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3AKW William Jennings Kinsella

* [[/William Jennings Kinsella|Kinsella, William Jennings]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PG-S8S] - 1914(Vic)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3AKW Lubeck (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 498, 1943; 2AOCP 55, 1946 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Magdala, Lubeck, 1936-1972; Lubeck, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3TK-2FK Thomas Wade Kinsella

===''KINZBRUNNER''===

* [[/Harry Charles Kinzbrunner|Kinzbrunner, Harry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-SZM] - 1903(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4HK Cloncurry (1929-1931); 4HK Mareeba (1933); 4HK Tully (1937-1939); 4HK Atherton (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 474, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), employment (Australian Inland Mission, QATB) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malanda, 1937); electrical engineer (Ashgrove, 1943); radio mechanic (Atherton, 1943); refrigeration &amp; electrical contractor (Atherton, 1949-1972); electrical contractor (Atherton, 1977-1980)

===''KIRBY''===

* [[/Donald Stewart Kirby|Kirby, Donald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRP7-SQW] - 1915(Eng)-2011(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ALX Orange (1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2268, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Ewan Russell Kirby|Kirby, Ewan Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4R1-4J7] - 1885(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: XZB Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; First set 1909 communicated with M. Harvey; employed Hydro-electric Dept - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1914-1919); engineer (Hobart West, 1922-1936)

* [[/Terence Patrick Kirby|Kirby, Terence Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZC-RYJ] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Kew, 1948-1955; Kilsyth, 1956; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2271, 1939, Vic; COCP1 440, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Centenary Medal, For service to the community through politics, 2001 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical contractor (Lower Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1958); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963); manager (Blackburn South, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''KIRKBY''===

* [[/Brian Kirkby|Kirkby, Brian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (early wireless experimenters, Edward Hope Kirkby, Archibald John Shaw), great grandson of Edward Hope Kirkby

* [[/Charles Edward Kirkby|Kirkby, Charles Edward]] - 1886(Vic)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of George Gill Kirkby

* [[/Edward Hope Kirkby|Kirkby, Edward Hope]] - 1853(At sea)-1915(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, father of George Gill Kirkby and Charles Edward Kirkby

* [[/George Gill Kirkby|Kirkby, George Gill]] - 1884(Vic)-1916(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of Charles Edward Kirkby

===''KIRKE''===

* [[/Basil Everald Wharton Kirke|Kirke, Basil Everald Wharton &quot;B.K.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6NX-FFQ] - 1893(NSW)-1958(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; chief studio announcer/Uncle &quot;Bas&quot; (2BL); manager, 6WF; manager 9PA (1946); manager (ABC, Victoria, 1936) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Subiaco, 1931; Perth, 1934-1936; Melbourne, 1937-1943; Perth, 1954) - Links: [[w:Basil_Kirke|Wikipedia]];[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kirke-basil-everald-wharton-10751 ADB]

===''KIRKLAND''===

* [[/John Booth Kirkland|Kirkland, John Booth]] - 1861(Vic)-1900(Vic) - Licences: - Qualifications: - early telephone experimenter, Melbourne, Geelong &amp; Ballarat

===''KIRKPATRICK''===

* [[/J. Kirkpatrick|Kirkpatrick, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DP Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KISSICK''===

* [[/Alfred Leslie Hawthorn Kissick|Kissick, Alfred Leslie Hawthorn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9D-7LL] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3KB Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1933; East Coburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1965); operator 3CR Coburg Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 141, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963);

===''KITTO''===

* [[/Thomas Collingwood Kitto|Kitto, Thomas Collingwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCKM-W8G] - 1903(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7?? Launceston (1928); 5JR Adelaide (Tusmore, 1931); 2JR Newcastle (1933); 2JS Newcastle (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 425, 1928, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 43, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Launceston, 1928); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1935; Ulverstone, Tas, 1937); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Prahran, 1949); retired (Deception Bay, 1972)

===''KLING''===

* [[/John Robert Kling|Kling, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQZ-B4W] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1928; South Camberwell, 1931; Hawthorn East, 1933; Hampton, 1937-1939); 3AJQ Melbourne (Seaford, 1954-1955; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1956; Frankston, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 403, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1933; Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1949); radio sound engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1954); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''KNAPTON''===

* [[/Carlo Patrick Knapton|Knapton, Carlo Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DQR-R5C] - 1879(Irl)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - wireless trader (WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as vice-president, Wireless Traders Assoc, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1914); lighting engineer (South Perth, 1921-1954) 

===''KNEIPP''===

* [[/James Henry Kneipp|Kneipp, James Henry &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5R-YBH] - 1875(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Morningside, Qld, 1905); railway employee (Morningside, Qld, 1908-1917; Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1958)

===''KNELL''===

* [[/Clive Thomas Burrows Knell|Knell, Clive Thomas Burrows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-S8S] - 1896(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XJDC Melbourne (Windsor, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Windsor, Vic, 1917-1919); farmer (Bunyip North, Vic, 1921-1924); student (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925-1926); clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1927); civil servant (Kew, Vic, 1928-1967) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1796935 AWM]

===''KNIGHT''===

* [[/John Knight|Knight, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVSF-KKZ] - 1916(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Sydney (Lakemba, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1500, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Lakemba, NSW, 1937)

* [[/Rupert Keith Knight|Knight, Rupert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-Z5W] - 1898(Qld)-1934(Qld) - Licences: 4RK Toowoomba (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1919); bank clerk (East Toowoomba, 1925-1926); not specified (East Toowoomba, 1928-1932)

===''KNOCK''===

* [[/Donald Brader Knock|Knock, Donald Brader &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWWR-L62] - 1898(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 1911 Manchester; G6XG London (1924-1926); 2NO Sydney (Cremorne, 1926-1927; Vaucluse, 1927; Kirribilli, 1928; Randwick, 1929); 6NK Wyndham (1930-1931); 2NU Portable Sydney 1935-1939; 5NO Portable Central Australia; 2NO Sydney (Waverley, 1946-1966) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 335, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2MO); radiocommunications engineer; journalist (Wireless Weekly, Radio in ANZ, Radio Monthly, Australian Radio News, Bulletin, Australasian Radio World); military (WW1 - Royal Naval Air Service, WW2 - AIF lieutenant-major) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, 1930); radio journalist (Waverley, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Waverley, 1935-1963)

===''KNOWLES''===

* [[/Henry Carlisle Maddison Knowles|Knowles, Henry Carlisle Maddison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Q8-642] - 1901(NSW)-1945(ACT) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 653, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Woolahra, 1933; Kingston, ACT, 1935-1943)

===''KNYVETT''===

* [[/Edmund Lawrence Knyvett|Knyvett, Edmund Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH1-RTC] - 1912(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1540, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: banker (Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1937); bank official (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1963); bank officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1972; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''KOETS''===

* [[/Carolus Gerbrandus Koets|Koets, Carolus or Charles Gerbrandus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBWB-3MQ] - 1890(Netherlands)-1982(Netherlands) - Licences: 2GK Bredalbane (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sydney CBD, 1934; Dunedoo, 1935; Newtown, NSW, 1936; Erskinville, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Lewisham, NSW, 1937); poultry farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1943); carpenter (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954; Enmore, NSW, 1958); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1958; Annandale, NSW, 1963; Redcliffe, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''KOGLIN''===

* [[/Merton Herman Koglin|Koglin, Merton Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6NG-SM2] - 1894(Tas)-1967(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1948-1955; Lindisfarne, 1956-1960; South Hobart, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2346, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Queenstown, Tas, 1919); joiner (Hobart, Tas, 1922; Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Forest Lodge, NSW, 1931; Toxteth, NSW, 1933-1934; Hobart, Tas, 1936-1943); carpenter (Hobart, Tas, 1949-1954; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1958; Hobart, Tas, 1963)

===''KOSSECK''===

* [[/Edwin Frederick Kosseck|Kosseck, Edwin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-VTG] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Geelong (Belmont, 1930-1933); 3AKE Geelong (Newport, 1947; Belmont, 1948-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 705, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Newport, Vic, 1943); gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''KRAEGEN''===

* [[/Carl W. J. Kraegen|Kraegen, Carl W. J. &quot;Charles&quot;]] - 1831?(Germany?)-1871(NT) - Licences: - Qualifications: - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, SA Posts &amp; Telegraphs), telegraph operator (Ballarat, Portland), developed an early system of explosive detonation by battery, tragically died of thirst during the construction of the Overland Telegraph

===''KRUGER''===

* [[/Francis Augustine Kruger|Kruger, Francis Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJZ-58H] - 1907(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Receive Charlton (1922-1923); 3HE Charlton (1924-1925); 3AI Charlton (1935-1939); 3AI Strathmore (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1541, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Charlton, 1928-1937); cinema operator (Charlton, 1942); executive (Essendon, 1949-1968; Strathmore, 1977-1980)

=='''L'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''LABY''===

* [[/Thomas Howell Laby|Laby, Thomas Howell]] - 1880(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - frequent lecturer on wireless topics to WIA Vic in the 1920s; education (BA Cambridge 1905, PhD Cambridge 1921); employment (University of Sydney, 1901-1904; Cavendish Laboratory, 1905; Professor Physics, Victoria University College, Wellington, 1909; Professor Natural Philosophy, University of Melbourne, 1915-1930+); Royal Society of Victoria (president, 1924)

===''LACK''===

* [[/Francis James Lack|Lack, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCQH-WJR] - 1876(NSW)-1949(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Sandgate, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Warwick, Qld, 1903; Tiaro, Qld, 1905-1906; Maryborough, Qld, 1908); fish agent (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1916); accountant (Sandgate, Qld, 1917-1949)

===''LAFFERTY''===

* [[/John Austral Lafferty|Lafferty, John Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-XGQ] - 1913(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 3JZ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1934-1937); 3JZ Yarram (1938-1939); 3JZ Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1969); 2OL Bermagui (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1284, 1934, Vic; BOCP 1672, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1935-1947) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1936); mechanic (Kyabram, Vic, 1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942-1972); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LAHEY''===

* [[/John Wesley Lahey|Lahey, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKRX-KPL] - 1850(Irl)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: sawmill proprietor (Clayfield, Qld, 1908-1909); sawmiller (Clayfield, Qld, 1913-1936)

===''LAIDLER''===

* [[/Thomas Laidler|Laidler, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1KG-31L] - 1904(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5TL Ceduna (1937-1939, 1947); 5TL Largs Bay (1948); 5TL Renmark (1954-1960); 5TL Adelaide (Glandore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1934, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Ceduna, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LAKE''===

* [[/Eric James Lake|Lake, Eric James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDFZ-CKK]- 1906(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4EL Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1946-1948); 4EL Clevedon (1954-1956); 4EL Townsville (Belgian Gardens, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 54, 1931; AOCP 966, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, instructor); broadcast technician (4QN); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943-1949; Townsville, Qld, 1954-1963);

===''LAKER''===

* [[/Frank John Federal Laker|Laker, Frank John Federal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1V2-P8Q] - 1899(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Deniliquin (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1925); clerk (Bondi, 1935-1937); accountant (North Rocks, 1954)

===''LALOR''===

* [[/Peter Fintan Lalor|Lalor, Peter Fintan]] - 1827(Irl)-1889(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Leader of the Eureka Stockade; Postmaster-General Victoria (Aug 1875-Oct 1875)

===''LAMB''===

* [[/A. D. Lamb|Lamb, A. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DK Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Joseph Wiseman Lamb|Lamb, James Joseph Wiseman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-49X] - 1876(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 119, 1915; 1COCP 264, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Relationships: father of Harry Spencer Lamb - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); radio station master (Townsville, Qld, 1921); wireless (Malvern, Vic, 1927);  superintendent (Toorak, Vic, 1928-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Harry Spencer Lamb|Lamb, Harry Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-SQY] - 1906(WA)-1984(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcaster - Relationships: son of James Joseph Wiseman Lamb - Electoral Rolls:

===''LAMBART''===

* [[/John Mark Lambart|Lambart, John Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-9DB] - 1902(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3WN Sea Lake (1934-1939); 3WN Ballarat (1947-1948); 3WN Sebastopol (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1283, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Ararat, Vic, 1924; Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1937; Soldiers Hill, Vic, 1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949; Sebastopol, Vic, 1954-1977)

===''LAMBERT''===

* [[/Francis Redmond Lambert|Lambert, Francis Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBP-N7Z] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Alphington, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 59, 1932; COCP2 397, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Alphington, Vic, 1934-1967; Fairfield, Vic, 1972); translator (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1977); clerk (Yallambie, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Frank Clayton Lambert|Lambert or Mason, Frank Clayton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-761] - 1908(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6FL Perth (South Perth, 1929-1931); 6FL Geraldton (1933); 6FL Perth (Wembley, 1937-1939; Subiaco, 1947); 3AFL Bairnsdale (1948); 6FL Perth (Claremont, 1954-1956; Bassendean, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 503, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: picture employee (South Perth, WA, 1931); projectionist (Albany, WA, 1934); sound projectionist (East Fremantle, WA, 1936); projectionist (Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Subiaco, WA, 1943-1949); dealer (Claremont, WA, 1954); radio dealer (Bassendean, WA, 1958-1980)

===''LAMPARD''===

* [[/Edward Geoffrey Lampard|Lampard, Edward Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD76-BTK] - 1897(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIQ Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Australian Flying Corps (WW1, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); mechanical engineer (Killara, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954; Stanwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Brighton le Sands, NSW, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIQ - Edward Geoffrey Lampard&quot;

===''LANCE''===

* [[/George Basil Lance|Lance, George Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G182-WVT] - 1920(Vic)-2015(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3DS Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2286, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); radio repairer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949); radio retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954-1968); retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1977); retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1980)

===''LANE''===

* [[/Cyril Herbert Dodson Lane|Lane, Cyril Herbert Dodson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWYS-VSB] - 1888(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XDM Sydney (1909-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: born Cyril Herbert Dodson - Relationships: brother-in-law of Charles Dansie Maclurcan - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/248422 VWMA] -  {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leslie Sydney Lane|Lane, Leslie Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9Y-FKC]- 1892(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XGE Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 2LL Sydney (Randwick, 1926-1928); 2LL Weethalle (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 699, 1946 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Weethalle, NSW, 1930-1943); electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949); charge hand (Abbotsford, NSW, 1954-1963);

* [[/Robert William Lane|Lane, Robert William &quot;Bobby&quot; or Tex Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSXW-HM7] - 1916(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[Tex_Morton|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/morton-tex-15027 ADB]

* [[/Ronald William Lane|Lane, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D2-RRV] - 1919(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (East Prahran, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2274, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Armadale. Vic, 1949-1967; Prahran, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''LANG''===

* [[/Henry Bryan Lang|Lang, Henry Bryan &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9B-4PP] - 1903(Vic)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6HL Perth (Claremont, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2098, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1925); radio mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1972)

===''LANGAN''===

* [[/Harold Francis Langan|Langan, Harold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX1-DJM] - 1905(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 40, 1931; AOCP 773, 1931, NSW; COCP2 412, 1932; COCP1 729, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Clovelly, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Clovelly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Waverley South, NSW, 1936; Randwick North, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Lavender Bay, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); radio operator (Kensington, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Buff Point via Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''LANGENSCHIED''===

* [[/Ernest Carl Hamilton Langenschied|Langenschied, Ernest Carl Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8Z-JMY] - 1895(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6EL Geraldton (1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2180, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bassendean, WA, 1931); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1936); kitchenhand (Bayswater, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Bassendean, WA, 1943)

===''LANGFIELD''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Langfield|Langfield, Harold Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-3D6] - 1893(Wales)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4CO Brisbane (Rosalie, 1935-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1572, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: club steward (Rosalie, Qld, 1934-1977; Paddington, Qld, 1980);

===''LANGFORD-SMITH''===

* [[/Fritz Langford-Smith|Langford-Smith, Fritz]] - 1904(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - electronics designer (AWA); author (Radiotron Designers Handbook); journalist (Radiotronics) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198908.pdf EA]

===''LANGHANS''===

* [[/Ron Langhans|Langhans, Ron]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcasting); author (First Twelve Months of Broadcasting)

===''LANGRIDGE''===

* [[/George David Langridge|Langridge, George David]] - 1829(Eng)-1891(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Postmaster-General Victoria in early 1880s

===''LAPTHORNE''===

* [[/Horace Charles Lapthorne|Lapthorne, Horace Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W8-STK] - 1900(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1924); 2HL Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1938; Lane Cove, 1939; Artarmon, 1948-1969); 2HL Noraville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 422, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943-1968); retired (Noraville, 1972)

===''LARSEN''===

* [[/Herbert Peter Christian Larsen|Larsen, Herbert Peter Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36L-GHQ] - 1901(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4JW Charters Towers(1928-1937); 4JW Cairns (1938-1939, 1947-1956); 4JW Charters Towers (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 439, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: brewery hand (Charters Towers, 1925-1936); engine driver (Cairns, 1943-1954; Charters Towers, 1958-1968)

===''LARSSON''===

* [[/Gustaf William Larsson|Larsson, Gustaf William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTD-55K] - 1902(Tas)-1992(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 92, 1932; AOCP 3275, 1952 - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hobart West, 1928-1936)

===''LATHWELL''===

* [[/Arthur George Couzens Lathwell|Lathwell, Arthur George Couzens]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH3-G9L] - 1911(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AL Bunbury (1935-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1467, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician's assistant (Bunbury, WA, 1936-1937); electrician (Bunbury, WA, 1943-1980)

===''LAUNDER-CRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge|Launder-Cridge, Wilfred Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-S5L] - 1899(Eng)-1960(Tas) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Brooklyn Park, 1928); 3QZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3UU Melbourne (Essendon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 200, 1930; 1COCP 120, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon North, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cambridge, Tas, 1943); OIC, DCA (Forrest, WA, 1958)

===''LAURENCE''===

* [[/John Henry Laurence|Laurence, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-YKV] - 1916(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MZ Adelaide (Malvern, 1933-1939); 3PF Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1948); 3PF Benalla (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1164, 1933, SA; 1COCP 118, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Ceduna, 1941-1943); farmer (Wellington, Benalla, 1949-1963; Benalla, 1967-1980)

===''LAURENSON''===

* [[/Sydney John Laurenson|Laurenson, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52L-GZL] - 1913(NSW)-1998(WA) - Licences: 2IS Sydney (Bexley, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 395, 1932; COCP1 291, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:  engineer (East Perth, WA, 1943); technician (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); manager (South Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Doubleview, WA, 1958-1963); radio officer (Doubleview, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Doubleview, WA, 1980)

===''LAURIE-RHODES''===

* [[/Melbourne Clive Laurie-Rhodes|Laurie-Rhodes, Melbourne Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-6K1] - 1915(Qld)-1997(NZ) - Licences: 4XU Brisbane (Hendra, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1353, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hendra, Qld, 1936-1937)

===''LAVER''===

* [[/Charles Poynton Laver|Laver, Charles Poynton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JBH-SNC] - 1882(Eng)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5CP Cape Borda (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Lightkeeper (Cape Borda, SA, 1939; Edithburgh, 1941-1951)

===''LAVINGTON''===

* [[/Frederick Morgan Eric Lavington|Lavington, Frederick Morgan Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJM-ZC9] - 1903(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 2ZC Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1923); 2ZC Sydney (Waverley, 1923; Bondi, 1924-1925; Mosman, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Manly, 1930); engineer (Strathfield, 1932; Ashfield West, 1935-1936); electrical engineer (Ashfield West, 1937); engineer (Kensington, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1972)

===''LAVRICK''===

* [[/Otto Arthur Lavrick|Lavrick, Otto Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4T-Z91] - 1878(???)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6AV Receive Perth (Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1917); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1937; Norseman, WA, 1943); retired (Maylands, WA, 1954)

===''LAWLESS''===

* [[/Frank Alexander Lawless|Lawless, Frank Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-XVF] - 1883(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XDT Sydney (Enmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Pioneer, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: tram-driver (Enmore, NSW 1913; West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2067936 Embarkation Roll]

===''LAWRIE''===

* [[/Kevan Alic Lawrie|Lawrie, Kevan Alec or Alic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRS-5YP] - 1915(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5AK Adelaide (Lockleys, 1936-1939; York, 1947-1948; Lockleys, 1954-1965; Brooklyn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1602, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lockleys, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LAW''===

* [[/F. W. Law|Law, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923); 6CZ Perth (Armadale, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''LAWS''===

* [[/David Andrew Laws|Laws, David Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-FW5] - 1909(Qld)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 829, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Commando) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taringa, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/635901] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Sidney Frank Henry Laws|Laws, Sidney Frank Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6ZT-GBH] - 1893(NZ)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 6, 1914, No. 6 in Aus and Vic - commercial operator; coastal station operator; manager 7ZL (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 7ZL) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Wireless Station, Townsville, 1915); farmer (Launching Place, 1918); electrical engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1919); engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1919-1924); manager (Launceston, 1928); company manager (Double Bay, NSW, 1930-1931)

===''LAWTON''===

* [[/Alexander Kyle Lawton|Lawton, Alexander Kyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-FWT] - 1889(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD), radio clubs (QWI, member), business (movie theatres, Amico), WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowoomba, 1913; Wynnum South, 1915-1916); manager (Windsor, 1919); engineer (Nundah, 1925-1928); manager (Townsville, 1936-1937; Nundah, 1943-1949); manufacturer's agent (Virginia, 1954-1958); company director (Ashfield, 1963); sales manager (Ashfield, 1968-1977)

===''LEADBITTER''===

* [[/James Henry Leadbitter|Leadbitter, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP1-3V1] - 1882(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Receive West Wyalong (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (Darlington, 1903); mechanic (West Wyalong, 1913); cycle mechanic (West Wyalong, 1930-1943)

===''LE CORNU''===

* [[/Oswald Charles Cornu|Le Cornu, Oswald Charles &quot;Blue&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99TF-H5V] - 1898(NSW)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 2GK Bellingen (1931-1933); 2GK Lismore (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 795, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, Howitzer Brigade, Signals School, 1916-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: car-driver (Bellingen, NSW, 1930-1932); electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1937); PMG Linesman (Casino, NSW, 1943); lineman (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1968)

===''LEAL''===

* [[/Athol Frederick James Leal|Leal, Athol Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Y-WXN] - 1914(SA)-2000(???) - Licences: 5LQ Adelaide (Magill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2310, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: improver (Magill, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LEANEY''===

* [[/William Gregory Leaney|Leaney, William Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-JF9] - 1895(SA)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923); 3XN Melbourne (Northcote, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Northcote, 1919-1954); driver (Coburg, 1963-1977); nil (Preston, 1980)

===''LEARMONTH''===

* [[/Lionel Pearson Learmonth|Learmonth, Lionel Pearson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNK-M9F] - 1890(Vic)-1934(At Sea) - Licences: 3PL Hamilton (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Drowned when Ketch was wrecked near New Years Island, Tasmania - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1912-1917); auctioneer (Hamilton, Vic, 1919-1931)

===''LEBER''===

* [[/David Leber|Leber, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-847] - 1905(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Richmond, 1929-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 481, 1929, Vic; COCP3 45, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1942); salesman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949)

===''LECKIE''===

* [[/Herbert Crockett Leckie|Leckie, Herbert Crockett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-QQN] - 1927(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 1170, 1947 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond Campbell Leckie|Leckie, Raymond Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2Q-ZZV] - 1904(Vic)-1987(ACT) - Licences: 3TU Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923); 3TU Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 215, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Sandringham, 1926); public servant (Braddon, 1935; Turner, 1943-1968); examiner of patents (Hughes, 1972); retired (Hughes, 1977-1980)

===''LEE''===

* [[/Francis Henry Samuel Lee|Lee, Francis Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LB-9NX] - 1892(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Bowral (1930); 4FI Kaparoko, Papua (1933); 2FL Glenbrook (1934); 2FL Sydney (Strathfield, 1935-1937); 4LF Misima, Papua (1938); 2LE Sydney (Brookly, 1946-1947; Dolans Bay, 1948-1950; Kogarah Bay, 1954-1955); 2LE Avoca Beach (1956-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 43, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Harris Park, NSW, 1913); storekeeper (Glenbrook, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Brooklyn, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Avoca Beach, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/George Lister Lee|Lee, George Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNC-NFY] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AGD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1937-1938; Birmingham Gardens, 1939, 1946-1958; Kahibah, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1893, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Birminham Gardens, NSW, 1943-1958); turner (Kahibah, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LEE-ARCHER''===

* [[/Evan Leslie Lee-Archer|Lee-Archer, Evan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2K-F3W] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931); 3LM Wonthaggi (1933); 3LM Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1937; Malvern East, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 534, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1933); radio engineer (Korumburra, Vic, 1934); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1935); mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937)

===''LEGGE''===

* [[/Arthur William Legge|Legge, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9MJS-QKM] - 1906(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ulverstone, 1928); no occupation (Hobart South, 1936); zinc worker (Hobart East, 1943); farmer (Cullenswood, 1949-1954)

===''LE GRAND''===

* [[/Sydney Walter Le Grand|Le Grand, Sydney Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQDD-D57] - 1902(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4LG Brisbane (Windsor, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 882, 1925; 2COCP 34, 1929; 1COCP 151, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Windsor, 1925-1926); operator (Woollahra, 1931-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1949; Bondi Junction, 1954-1968); retired (Banora Point, 1972-1977)

===''LELLIOTT''===

* [[/Harvey William Lelliott|Lelliott, Harvey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8D-LNT] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3ZG Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939; Sunshine, 1947-1956; McKinnon, 1960); 3ZG Ararat (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1769, 1936, Vic; TVOCP 571, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Sunshine, Vic, 1942-1954); public servant (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963); PMG technician (Ararat, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Lelliott|Lelliott, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-4PX] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3ZW Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1930-1939); 3AZW Melbourne (Boronia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 684, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 68, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Mont Albert, 1937); operator (Caulfield, 1942); public servant (Boronia, 1963-1980)

===''LEMMON''===

* [[/Charles Edward Lemmon|Lemmon, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-Z21] - 1885(Eng)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 95, 1915; 2COCP 120, 1930; 1COCP 71, 1930 - coastal wireless operator; WW2; RANRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1915); officer-in-charge Wireless Station (Rockhampton, 1916-1921); radio telegraphist (Applecross, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); wireless operator (Broome, 1937); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1943-1949); retired (Rivervale, 1954-1963)

===''LEMPRIERE''===

* [[/Charles Louis Lempriere|Lempriere, Charles Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Y-NPS] - 1857(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Vermont, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: surgeon (South Yarra, 1912-1919); medical practitioner (Vermont, 1924-1934)

===''LENDRUM''===

* [[/Alexander Lendrum|Lendrum, Alexander &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NZ-Y5Y] - 1887(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Sydney (Kensington, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1913); yardman (Toowoomba, 1921); constable (Kensington, 1930-1937)

===''LE NEVEZ''===

* [[/Arthur Le Nevez|Le Nevez, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C2-J6C] - 1913(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2LN Sydney (Annandale, 1933-1939); 2LN Lord Howe Island (1947-1954); 2LN Sydney (Bradfield Park, 1955; West Pymble, 1956-1980+); 2ABA Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1092, 1933, NSW; COCP1 85, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Annandale, NSW, 1934-1936); aeradio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Pymble, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''LENNON''===

* [[/Christopher James Lennon|Lennon, Christopher James &quot;Chris&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJL3-LZF] - 1889(Vic)-1932(Aus) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 4, 1929 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916-1917); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1925); telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1931)

===''LENON''===

* [[/Robert John Fitzmaurice Lenon|Lenon, Robert John Fitzmaurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WJ-1FK] - 1903(NSW)-1979(ACT) - Licences: 2TV Cowra (1935-1939); 2TV Canberra (Turner, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1515, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cowra, NSW, 1930-1937); joiner (Turner, ACT, 1949-1977)

===''LEONARD''===

* [[/Aubrey Benedict Leonard|Leonard, Aubrey Benedict]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-N4X] - 1896(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Receive Drouin (1922-1923); 3EN Drouin (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 244, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Drouin, 1922-1928); radio dealer (Drouin, 1931-1954); retired (Drouin, 1963-1967) 

* [[/John William Leonard|Leonard, John William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G494-BY4] - 1906(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (Black Rock, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 386, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Sandringham, 1931-1943); shopkeeper (Sandringham, 1949-1968)

* [[/Leslie Clarence Leonard|Leonard, Leslie Clarence &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH15-16Q] - 1902(Vic)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5LT Adelaide (Payneham, 1946-1947; Medindie, 1948); 5LT Port Lincoln (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2336, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pilot (The Terrace, SA, 1939)

* [[/Vincent Halpin Leonard|Leonard, Vincent Halpin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8S4-TXD] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Melbourne (?, 1938-1939; Kew, 1946-1956); 3PJ St Andrews (1960); 3PJ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2167, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1937; Kew, 1937-1954); public servant (St Andrews, 1958; Balwyn, 1963-1980)

===''LESLIE''===

* [[/Julian Leslie|Leslie, Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS98-211] - 1873(Vic)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 142, 1915; 1COCP 246, 1932 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, WA, 1910-1912; Applecross, WA, 1913); O.I.C. (Radio Telegraph Station, Broome, WA, 1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Thursday Island, 1925-1926); superintendent of wireless (Auburn, Vic, 1928); supervisor B.H. service (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''LESTER''===

* [[/Jack Lester|Lester, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5FQ-NQL] - 1902(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LR Renmark (1930-1937); 5LR Berri (1938-1939); 5LR Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1946-1947; Blackwood, 1954-1965); 5LR Victor Harbour (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 674, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 236, 1935; BOCP 369, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Berri, 1939-1943)

===''LETT''===

* [[/Frederick James Norman Lett|Lett, Frederick James Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-Y8D] - 1903(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923); 2WN Sydney (Annandale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Annandale, 1930-1936); publican (Sydney, 1937); hotelkeeper (Clifton Gardens Hotel, Mosman, 1943); Darlinghurst, 1949; Dulwich Hill, 1958; Marrickville, 1963); retired (Church Point, 1968)

===''LEUNIG''===

* [[/William Leslie Leunig|Leunig, William Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD25-HD2] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDR Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1914-1919; Maryborough, Vic, 1921; Murrumbeena, Vic, 1922-1927; Elsternwick, Vic, 1928); civil servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (Dingley, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''LEVENSPIEL''===

* [[/Pinkus Levenspiel|Levenspiel, Pinkus or Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JB-QSL] - 1904(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2TX Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 668, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wyong, NSW, 1936-1937); mechanic (Wyong, NSW, 1949-1963); motor dealer (Ourimbah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''LEVERETT''===

* [[/John Henry Leverett|Leverett, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV79-R7Q] - 1894(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 25, 1914; 1COCP 88, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, 1916); telegraphist (Ascot, Qld, 1921); wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1943); wireless inspector (Burwood, NSW, 1954)

===''LEVERRIER''===

* [[/Francis Hewitt Leverrier|Leverrier, Francis Hewitt &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBT-DP5] - 1863(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Waverley, 1911-1914, Licence No. 5) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; radio clubs (WIA, president, 1910) - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Vaucluse, 1930-1934, Kings Counsel) - Relationships: father of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier 

* [[/Frank Neville Leverrier|Leverrier, Frank Neville &quot;Boy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6RF-W2W] - 1904(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922-1923); 2BK Sydney (Vaucluse, 1924-1930); 2ADE Castle Cove (1969-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 169, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 931, 1926) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio work (Vaucluse, 1930); clerk (Vaucluse, 1933-1937); superintendent (Vaucluse, 1943-1949); public relations (Roseville, 1963-1968; Castle Cove, 1977) - Relationships: son of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier - TroveTag: &quot;2BK-2ADE - Frank Neville Leverrier&quot;

* [[/Henri Andre Leverrier|Leverrier, Henri Andre &quot;Henry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68N-18J] - 1882(NCL)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Gordon, 1911); XHL Sydney (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, Australian General Electric, Sydney)  - Relationships: nephew of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier; cousin of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Sydney, 1913); manager (Crows Nest, 1930-1937)

===''LEVINGS''===

* [[/Stanley Basil Levings|Levings, Stanley Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1P-ZYH] - 1912(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3NS Melbourne (Regent, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1794, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); fitter (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''LEVY''===

* [[/Lewis Joseph Levy|Levy, Lewis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFT-KSW] - 1902(Qld)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 1686 Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); area officer (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); agent (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Levy|Levy, Richard &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-Z38] - 1909(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 654, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Torrensville, 1943)

===''LEWINGTON''===

* [[/Roy Lewington|Lewington, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SN-BB4] - 1895(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XBX Sydney (Chatswood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Gunner, 7th B. A. Column) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; (apprentice electrical fitter for Coupland &amp; Waddell, Sydney at enlistment 1915) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/315726 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10241304 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''LEWIS''===

* [[/Charles Edward Cornelius Lewis|Lewis, Charles Edward Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPH-278] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NL Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 932, 1932, Vic; COCP1 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: factory employee (North Melbourne, Vic, 1936-1943); waterside worker (Ascot Vale East, Vic, 1954); electrical (Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Essendon North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Henry Garrett Lewis|Lewis, Henry Garrett &quot;Harry&quot;]] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Hobart (no record of licence identified as yet) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (reported experimenting from 1912); councillor WIA Tas in 1923; manager 3UZ 1924 - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/William John Lewis|Lewis, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYJ-BZQ] - 1908(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2YB Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1936; McMahons Point, 1937); 6YB Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939); 2YB Sydney (Haberfield, 1947-1950; Paddington, 1954-1969; Ryde, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 863, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WJLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified due to numbers

===''LEYDEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael Leyden|Leyden, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-FP5] - 1914(WA)-1998(Eng) - Licences: 2AGP Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1612, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

===''LIGHT''===

* [[/Cecil Eade Light|Light, Cecil Eade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-PKF] - 1913(NSW)-1985(Eng) - Licences: 2QM Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1183, 1933, NSW; COCP2 17, 1934; COCP1 137, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1927-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Coogee, NSW, 1934); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937)

===''LIGHTON''===

* [[/Robert Lighton|Lighton, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HJ-HD1] - 1869(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: 3CM Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1922-1924); 3RL Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 179, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toongabbie, 1903; Benalla, 1916); independent means (East St Kilda, 1928; Armadale, 1937)

===''LILLIE''===

* [[/Raymond Charles Beaumont Lillie|Lillie, Raymond Charles Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS6-5W2] - 1907(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2QG Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939; Randwick, 1946-1955; Seaforth, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 417, 1932; COCP1 315, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1933); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1935; Randwick North, NSW, 1943-1954; Seaforth, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''LINDEN''===

* [[/Edwin Linden|Linden, Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-PRV] - 1904(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4FT Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Murgon, Qld, 1925); mechanic (Wilston, Qld, 1928); storekeeper (Clayfield, Qld, 1936-1937); telephone mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Bowen, Qld, 1954); PMG technician (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''LINDNER''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Lindner|Lindner, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVX-787] - 1904(NSW)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4BX Receive Brisbane (Alderley) 1922 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wilston, 1928); motor mechanic (Maleny, 1934); mechanic (Windsor, 1936-1972); retired (Mt Samson, 1977)

===''LINDSAY''===


* [[/Donald Gordon Lindsay|Lindsay, Donald Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-126] - 1909(Vic)-1964(WA) - Licences: 2DY Sydney (Gordon, 1925-1936; Ashfield, 1937; Concord, 1938; Kogarah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 83, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Concord, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Maxwell Lindsay|Lindsay, Herbert Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3L-S78] - 1913(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4HD Nambour (1937-1939); 4HD Buderim (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2027, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); employment (company secretary) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1943); fruitgrower (Buderim, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Lindsay|Lindsay, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRN-YDH] - 1911(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2AKR Sydney (Annandale, 1938-1939; Lidcombe, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2193, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933); shop assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1934); mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/Patrick Charles Edward Lindsay|Lindsay, Patrick Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7R-8YZ] - 1896(Eng)-19??(Eng?) - Licences: 6PL Perth (West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 855, 1925; 2COCP 37, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (West Perth, WA, 1922; Balcatta, WA, 1925); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1934)

===''LING''===

* [[/Thomas James Ling|Ling, Thomas James &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWV-7Q7] - 1917(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1897, 1937, NSW; BOCP 68, 1937; TVOCP 1259, 1974 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; West Sydney, NSW, 1954-1958; Hyde Park, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Hyde Park, NSW, 1968; Concord, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''LINKLATER''===

* [[/Donald Charles Linklater|Linklater, Donald Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-Z44] - 1905(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 5DL Pinnaroo (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1521, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958)

===''LITCHFIELD''===

* [[/Ainslie Roland Litchfield|Litchfield, Ainslie Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3Z-FRP] - 1906(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RL Cooma (1925-1939); 2RL Sydney (Woollahra, 1947; Darling Point, 1948-1954; Rozelle, 1955-1958; Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 200, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF; RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Cooma, 1930-1937); film producer (Avalon Beach, 1958-1968)

* [[/Llma Newby Litchfield|Brooks nee Litchfield, Llma Newby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G2-YCR] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YG Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1516, 1935, NSW - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Temora, NSW, 1943); home duties (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Rangemore via Deniliquin, NSW, 1949-1963; Deniliquin, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LITHGOW''===

* [[/John Charles Lithgow|Lithgow, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-5TL] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Eng) - Licences: 7WJ Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1688, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Marine officer? 1950s-1960s, several sea trips

===''LITTLEFAIR''===

* [[/George Thomas Littlefair|Littlefair, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-4MT] - 1899(Eng)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YV Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936; Randwick, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1533, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1931); garage proprietor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); draftsman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''LITTLEJOHN''===

* [[/Arthur Sydney Littlejohn|Littlejohn, Arthur Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DW-VDD] - 1905(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939); 4LF Gunalda (1947); 2OU Sydney (Leichhardt, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 579, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LLEWELLYN''===

* [[/Alan Hugh Llewellyn|Llewellyn, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-6R5] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1939; Ryde, 1946-1965; Epping, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9320, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 269, 1935; TVOCP 68, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EE John Lewis Llewellyn - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Lewis Llewellyn|Llewellyn, John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVH-W5H] - 1907(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2EE Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935-1939; Mosman, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1519, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2AH Alan Hugh Llewellyn - Comment: Several contemporaneous JLLs including his father &amp; son - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''LLOYD''===

* [[/Henry Howard Lloyd|Lloyd, Henry Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST7-9LV] - 1904(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (College Town, 1923-1927); 5AG Adelaide (College Town, 1923); 5HL Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 57, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Beware another Henry Howard Lloyd [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDY-FS3] 1912-1981 in Adelaide, similar times - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Hughie Frederick Lloyd|Lloyd, Hughie or Hugh Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-Y95] - 1917(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5BC Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939); 5BC Berri (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1137, 1933, SA; BOCP 281, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5HD William Edward Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939)

* [[/Roger Barton Lloyd|Lloyd, Roger Barton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTSZ-4GK] - 1922(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2AMO Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939, 1946-1950; Kellyville, 1954-1961; Castle Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2317, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Kellyville, NSW, 1954-1958); loss assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Ernest George Lloyd|Lloyd, Walter Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY6-8SZ] - 1909(Eng)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AJF Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2103, 1938, NSW; COCP1 408, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Wickham, NSW, 1930; Islington, NSW, 1932; Stockton, NSW, 1933-1937); senior communications officer (Longreach, Qld, 1949)

* [[/William Edward Lloyd|Lloyd, William Edward &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGB-WR9] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5HD Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Cumberland, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1215, 1933, SA; 2COCP 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Brother of 5BC Hughie Frederick Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: nil (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LOCKHART''===

* [[/Leon Edward Lockhart|Lockhart, Leon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CJ-6GG] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LE Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939; Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 514, 1929, Vic; 1COCP 205, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elwood, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''LOESER''===

* [[/Hedley Edmond Loeser|Loeser, Hedley Edmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXL-RM6] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5LO Adelaide (Goodwood, 1936-1939; Col Light Gardens, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1748, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: display artist (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''LOFBERG''===

* [[/Oscar Edward Lofberg|Lofberg, Oscar Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMV-Z9X] - 1912(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946; Rockdale, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1504, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist's apprentice (Bexley, NSW, 1935-1943); pharmacist (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949)

===''LOGAN''===

* [[/Edward George Logan|Logan, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PQ-2L4] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1547, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Glenhuntly, Vic, 1942-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972)

===''LOMAX''===

* [[/Joseph Lomax|Lomax, Joseph]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EB Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1913-1914; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1916-1917; Coorparoo, Qld, 1921-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926)

===''LONDON''===

* [[/James William London|London, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTH-BBX] - 1916(NZ)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 2UP Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1087, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Colonel) - Awards: OBE; MID - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1943); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10686688 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1518040 Mentioned in Despatches]

===''LONERAGAN''===

* [[/William Harry Bailey Loneragan|Loneragan, William Harry Bailey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT9-5SC] - 1917(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2227, 1938, WA; BOCP 83, 1937) - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son-in-law of Charles Edward Lemmon - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); engineer (Station 6BY, Yornup, WA, 1954-1963); radio engineer (6AM, Northam, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Dawesville, WA, 1980)

===''LONG''===

* [[/Charles Richard Willard Long|Long, Charles Richard Willard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-BZK] - 1913(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3CL Melbourne (Frankston, 1932-1939, 1947-1975; Carrum Downs, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 892, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Frankston, Vic, 1934-1972); timber worker? (Carrum Downs, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Long|Long, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-ZT8] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1640, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Canterbury, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1968); electrical engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Timothy Joseph Long|Long, Timothy Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ19-Z9G] - 1884(Qld)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 140, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Comment: suicide after diagnosis terminal illness - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1908); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Townsville, 1921)

===''LONGLEY''===

* [[/Ruth Victoria Longley|Harris nee Longley, Ruth Victoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-5GJ] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6YL Perth (Shenton Park, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1808, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator; WW2 - Relationships: Wife of 6NL Valentine Harms Harris - Electoral Rolls: saleswoman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); home duties (Applecross, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Applecross, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''LONGMORE''===

* [[/Harold Longmore|Longmore, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY39-K2K] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3FD Shepparton (1934-1937); 3FD Lubeck (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1325, 1934, Vic; BOCP 7, 1936; COCP2 284, 1940; COCP1 324, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (3LK Lubeck); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936); radio technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1949); theatre proprietor (Tatura, Vic, 1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1980)

===''LONGSTAFF''===

* [[/Thomas Allen Hector Longstaff|Longstaff, Thomas Allen Hector &quot;Allen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQM-WF3] - 1896(SA)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XVR Adelaide (Alberton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 55, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: executive (Brighton, Vic, 1949)

===''LONGWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald John Longworth|Longworth, Reginald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KC-GZV] - 1910(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Greenwich, 1931-1933; Wollstonecraft, 1933-1938; St Leonards, 1939, 1947-1958; Forestville, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 791, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 25, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1933; Naremburn, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1936; North Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1937; Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954-1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963)

===''LONSDALE''===

* [[/Russell George Lonsdale|Lonsdale, Russell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWX-JNM] - 1909(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2AKY Lismore (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1195, 1933, NSW; COCP2 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: publisher (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Paddington, NSW, 1931; Waverley, NSW, 1933); wireless serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Waterfall Sanatorium, NSW, 1943)

===''LORD''===

* [[/Andrew Charles Lord|Lord, Andrew Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG9-J99] - 1920(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3BE Ballarat (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2212, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); shire secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1968); secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''LORDEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey Allan Lorden|Lorden, Geoffrey Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJB-2P8] - 1907(WA)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 6GL Perth (Perth, 1925-1926; West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 175, 1925, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 342, 1940; 1COCP 441, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1931); survey assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1936-1937); radio operator (Hotel Beadon, Onslow, 1943; Kalgoorlie, 1949); civil servant (Mitcham, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''LORENZEN''===

* [[/Lawrence Paul Lorenzen|Lorenzen, Lawrence Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC5-C5C] - 1909(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LP Emerald (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1357, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway cleaner (Emerald, Qld, 1936-1954); loco driver (Emerald, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''LOVE''===

* [[/Howard Kingsley Love|Love, Howard Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGQ-8S5] - 1895(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3BM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922-1931; Glen Iris, 1933), 3KU Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 230, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio clubs (WIA Vic); business proprietor (radio manufacturer) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Orong, 1919; Malvern East, 1921-1924; Gardiner, 1927-1933); manager (Gardiner, 1936-1937); engineer (Mt. Waverley, 1942) - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199407.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199408.pdf EA2]

* [[/James Peile Love|Love, James Peile &quot;Nim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7JF-83Z] - 1906(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JL Brisbane (Kedron, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 469, 1928, No. ?? in Qld (Halcyon AOCP 1930); 3COCP 5259, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF) - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Kedron, 1928-1943; Hawthorne, 1949-1980)

* [[/Leslie Gilmore Love|Love, Leslie Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52K-VQ8] - 1902(Wales)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2XE Sydney (Bondi North, 1934-1935); 2ABE Sydney (Randwick, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 307, 1930; COCP1 386, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor assembler (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1937); radio officer (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''LOVELESS''===

* [[/Max Lyndon Loveless|Loveless, Max Lyndon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX41-D28] - 1914(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: 7ML Hobart (Moonah, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2162, 1938, Tas; BOCP 341, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Moonah, Tas, 1936); mechanic (Hobart North, Tas, 1943); PMG Technician (Moonah, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''LOVERING''===

* [[/George Francis Lovering|Lovering, George Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZJ-XTJ] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Ashfield, 1931-1933); 2OO Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 867, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2GF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2GF Grafton commercial service - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958); no occupation (Narrabean North, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''LOVETT''===

* [[/Hubert Frank Lovett|Lovett, Hubert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHG1-DT2] - 1905(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7HL Hobart (1926-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 246, 1926, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Hobart North, 1928-1937); manager (Hobart South, 1949; Nelson, 1954) - Links: [https://info.scholarships.utas.edu.au/AwardDetails.aspx?AwardId=2813 UTAS Scholarship]

* [[/Percy Lovett|Lovett, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB5-M21] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2JP Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2210, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''LUBACH''===

* [[/Frederick John Lubach|Lubach, Frederick John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H7-VZD] - 1919(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4RF Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1947); Dalby (1948-1950); Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1954; Camp Hill, 1965-75; Loganlea, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1745, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 868, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, instructor, QSL manager); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); broadcast technician (4QS, Capalaba) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Dalby, Qld, 1949; Coorparoo, Qld, 1954; Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Loganlea, Qld, 1980)

===''LUCAS''===

* [[/Gillen Frederick Lucas|Lucas, Gillen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-Y7P] - 1894(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5LL Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1935-1939; Port Adelaide, 1947; Maylands, 1948; Trinity Gardens, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1589, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Kilkenny, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LUCKMAN''===

* [[/Charles Forsythe Arthur Luckman|Luckman, Charles Forsythe Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMF8-LS2] - 1901(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2JT Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2JT Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1926; Lakemba, 1927-1933; Croydon, 1934; Ashfield, 1935-1938; Croydon, 1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 41, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lift engineer (Lakemba, 1930-1933); electrician (Croydon, 1935-1943); electrical mechanic (Croydon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Thomas Stuart Luckman|Luckman, Thomas Stuart &quot;Stuart&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-8CD] - 1913(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4SL Brisbane (Kalinga, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 783, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, CMF, Signals Northern Command); occupation (hardware executive) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kalinga, 1936-1937); storeman (Hendra, 1943-1958); retired (Aspley, 1972-1977; Carseldine, 1980)

===''LUHRS''===

* [[/Victor Albert Luhrs|Luhrs, Victor Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZYN-VJJ] - 1888(Vic)-1964(SA) - Licences: V761 Receive Woori Yallock (1922); 3HB Receive Woori Yallock (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Torquon West, Nhill, 1909; Netherby, 1912-1914; Cavendish, 1916-1919; Woori Yallock, 1922-1924; Kalyan, SA, 1939); grazier (Tintinara, SA, 1941-1943)

===''LUM''===

* [[/Allan Douglas Lum|Lum, Allan Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92F-LX7] - 1913(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5AL Adelaide (Joslin, 1932-1939; Hyde Park, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 980, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 427, 1940; TVOCP 263, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gawler, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Hyde Park, SA, 1943)

===''LUMB''===

* [[/Lloyd John Lumb|Lumb, Lloyd John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84C-LF2] - 1907(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LL Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 471, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); postal electrician (Stanthorpe, 1943); technician (Ashgrove, 1949); engineer (Ashgrove, 1958-1972)

===''LUMBEWE''===

* [[/Edwyn William Lumbewe|Lumbewe or Chong, Edwyn William or Hin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-TGZ]- 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Randwick, 1931-1934); 2ZX Inverell (1935-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 858, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Inverell, NSW, 1937-1977)

===''LUMSDAINE''===

* [[/John Clarence Lumsdaine|Lumsdaine, John Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94RH-VVK] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ABQ Sydney (Willoughby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 19, 1934; COCP1 95, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Paddington, NSW, 1930); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1920); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934; Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1968)

===''LUNN''===

* [[/Harold Vincent Lunn|Lunn, Harold Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-4X5] - 1908(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 5HL Adelaide (Morphettville, 1935-1939); 2ANE Sydney (North Ryde) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1449, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Morphettville, SA, 1939-1943; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972); retired (North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LUSBY''===

* [[/Maurice MacIntosh Lusby|Lusby, Maurice MacIntosh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP54-JX7] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1219, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Randwick East, 1937; Coogee, NSW, 1937); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Eastwood, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1980; Picton, NSW, 1980)

===''LUXON''===

* [[/George Wilfred Luxon|Luxon, George Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YJ-XTL] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5RX Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1928-1939, 1946-1965; Torrens Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 450, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster late 1920s; WW2; WIA SA (several official duties) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mitcham, 1939-1943)

===''LYNCH''===

* [[/Edward James Lynch|Lynch, Edward James]] [[https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTWT-PVV]] - 1891(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XIP Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1913); journalist (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937; Hamilton, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Harold John Lynch|Lynch, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTD-VXL] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4HL Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1934-1939, 1946-1956; Slacks Creek, 1960-1975); 4HL Springbrook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1268, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); business proprietor (restaurants, picture theatres) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Albion, Qld, 1928); shopkeeper (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Valley, Qld, 1949); shopkeeper (St Lucia, Qld, 1954; Slacks Creek, Qld, 1958-1968); owner (Slacks Creek, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Springbrook, Qld, 1980)

===''LYONS''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Thomas Lyons|Lyons, Joseph Aloysius Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGY-XKB] - 1879(Tas)-1939(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - teacher; state politician; Premier of Tasmania; federal politician (Postmaster-General, Prime Minister of Australia); actively promoted development of broadcasting in Australia over two decades - Electoral Rolls:

=='''M'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''MABBITT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Matthew Mabbitt|Mabbitt, John Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FD5] - 1905(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Lake Boga (1930-1939); 3JG Lake Boga (1947-1948); 3JG Swan Hill (1954-1960); 3JG Melbourne (Templestowe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 588, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Lake Boga, Vic, 1928-1949); supervisor (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954); public servant (Templestowe, Vic, 1963)

===''MACBETH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macbeth|Macbeth, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Macbeth|Macbeth, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB93-7Q4] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JM Sydney (Redfern, 1931; Punchbowl, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 824, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Redfern, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1932-1934); mechanic (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1949); soldier (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1972)

===''MACDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macdonald|Macdonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Macdonald|Macdonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-WT8] - 1883(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 45, 1936 - senior federal public servant (Chief Engineer, Radiotelegraph Branch, PMGD, 1914); Lieutenant-Commander Telegraphist (RAN, in charge captured German Pacific Wireless); chief engineer 7EX; supervised erection 3AR, 5CL, 7ZL; early TV research  - Comment: Don't confuse with Don Macdonald AWA consultant - Electoral Rolls: Numerous contemporaneous DMcDs - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199505.pdf EA]

* [[/Llewellyn Macdonald|Macdonald, Llewellyn &quot;Lew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-73F] - 1908(Eng)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Newcastle (West Maitland, 1929-1934; Wickham, 1935-1936; Waratah, 1937; Mayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 478, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 69, 1936; BOCP 50, 1936; 1COCP 125, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (West Maitland, 1930; Wickham, 1936); joiner (Waratah, 1937; Charlestown, 1972)

===''MACFARLANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred - see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred

* [[/Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDYR-1QZ] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2RM Griffith (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 374, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1918) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Griffith, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''MACGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macgregor|Macgregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Thomas Macgregor|Macgregor, Howard Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-NNP] - 1920(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ZU Brisbane (Windsor, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2200, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Windsor, Qld, 1941-1949); assistant (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Alfred Macgregor|Macgregor, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-9K3] - 1896(NSW)-1954(PNG) - Licences: 9MC Kavieng, PNG (1937); 9MC Wewak, PNG (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 9MC Baiyer River (1954) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Blackhall, Qld, 1921-1925; Mildura, Vic, 1931-1934)

===''MACKAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackay|Mackay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Stewart Mackay|Mackay, Cedric Stewart or Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/973G-3Q2] - 1889(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XADF Coffs Harbour (1913-1914); 2GP Receive Urunga (1922); 2GP Urunga (1924-1931); 2GO Coffs Harbour (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 149, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Urunga, 1930); agent (Coffs Harbour, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ian Keith Mackay|Mackay, Ian Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JG-NHF] - 1907(NZ)-1985(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author; historian (broadcast, &quot;Broadcasting in New Zealand&quot; (1953), &quot;Broadcasting in Australia&quot; (1957), &quot;Broadcasting in Nigeria&quot; (1964), &quot;Broadcasting in Papua New Guinea&quot; (1976) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting executive (Lane Cove, 1954); executive (Killara, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Reay Mackay|Mackay, Ronald Reay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-Y6T] - 1905(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1922); 3MU Melbourne (Carlton, 1931-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil); principal (RMIT) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1963) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mackay-ronald-reay-10980 ADB]

===''MACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackel|Mackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Mackel|Mackel, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DJ-FP5] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2HG Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965; Hunters Hill, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1943); insurance inspector (Lane Cove, NSW, 1949-1954); insurance manager (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1963); manager (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''MACKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Harper Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Alexander Harper &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-MVZ] - 1892(Sct)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4GK Brisbane (Wynnum, 1930-1939; Bulimba, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 628, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Fire Service) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Brisbane City, 1916; Hamilton, 1919; Brisbane City, 1925); fire brigade officer (Wynnum, 1928-1936); newsagent (Bulimba, 1949); retired (Bulimba, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 4YL Florence Madeline Mackenzie and 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie

* [[/Arthur Alexander Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-796] - 1918(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4HJ Jericho (1937); 4HJ Brisbane (Wynnum, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1346, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Townsville, 1949); newsagent (Grange, 1954-1963); public servant (Townsville, 1972; Cleveland, 1972; Thornlands, 1977, Cleveland, 1980) - Relationships: son of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; brother of 4YL Florence Madeline Streamer nee Mackenzie

* [[/Florence Madeline Mackenzie|Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-B8C] - 1922(Qld)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 4YL Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; third YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Mitchelton, 1949; New Farm, 1954) - Relationships: daughter of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; sister of 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Harold Stuart Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Harold Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-VGN] - 1908(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AM Brisbane (Annerley, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 518, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 90, 1937; 1COCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1937); company manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Blackheath, 1958); unemployed (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968); technician (Burleigh Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MACKIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackie|Mackie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Ernest Mackie|Mackie, Alexander Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3R3-YFM] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3QA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Glen Waverley, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1545, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MACKINNON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Eric Wilton MacKinnon|MacKinnon, Colin Eric Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK45-QRQ] - 1941(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2KCM Sydney 1980s; 2DYM Sydney (1980-2004)- Qualifications: NAOCP N1793, 1981; AOLCP N1281, 1981; AOCP N1032, 1981, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (amateur radio; military radio; radar) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cronulla, 1968; Hurstville, 1977); retired (Glenhaven, 1980) - [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Colin_MacKinnon.htm Obit]
===''MACKINOLTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Clarence Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Hubert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRQ-T18] - 1897(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: XJED Korumburra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 158, 1915 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auburn, Vic, 1919-1922); customs officer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1924-1925; Mosman, Vic, 1930; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); civil servant (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); retired (Ringwood, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Mentone, Vic, 1977)

===''MACLARDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclardy|Maclardy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Foster St Clair Maclardy|Maclardy, William John Foster St Clair &quot;Will&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW66-BTD] - 1892(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Receive Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1922); 2HP Sydney (Cremorne, 1923; Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); journalist (Smith's Weekly, Wireless Weekly) - Comment: correct surname is St Clair Maclardy but rarely used - Relationships: son of William McIntyre St Clair Maclardy, one time Wireless Weekly proprietor - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933); taxi driver (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); soldier (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1949); commercial traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2HP - William John Foster St Clair Maclardy&quot;

===''MACLAREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclaren|Maclaren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles James Torrance Maclaren|Maclaren, Charles James Torrance]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-889] - 1889(Eng)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (South Yarra, 1933); 3MS South Ballarat (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1113, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Aus Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937); nil (Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/Donald Catto Maclaren|Maclaren, Donald Catto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-2R2] - 1909(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2DM Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1939); 2NN Narrabri (1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 655, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Haberfield, 1933-1936; Taree, 1937; Narrabri, 1949)

===''MACLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclean|Maclean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Dalziel Maclean|Maclean, John Dalziel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D4-PHK] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 2IM Leeton (1935-1937); 2IM Sydney (Ashbury, 1938-1939); 4IM Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1501, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''MACLURCAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Dansie Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Charles Dansie &quot;Mac&quot;, &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWR7-LJ3] - 1889(Qld)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XDM Sydney (CBD, 1909-1914) (Maclurcan &amp; Lane); 2CM Sydney (Strathfield, 1921-1939; Neutral Bay, 1946-1957); 2CY Sydney (Strathfield, 1923, briefly by administrative error); first licence issued under new 1922 radio regulations - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 98, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector; broadcast engineer; business proprietor (Maclurcan and Lane, 1909-19??, Maclurcan Engineering, Hotel Wentworth) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Darling Harbour, 1913); engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1934); hotel manager (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XDM-2CM - Charles Dansie Maclurcan&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maclurcan-hannah-13070 ADB] [[w:2CM|Wikipedia]] [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/who-was-radio-pioneer-charles-maclurcan/ radioinfo]

===''MACNAUGHTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Naughton Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Naughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPJ9-MPD] - 1911(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1934; Roseville, 1935-1939; Wahroonga, 1946-1948; Lindfield, 1950; Pymble, 1954-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1961; West Pymble, 1965-1969; Marsfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 904, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2ZVW-2BA - David Edwin Macnaughton - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937; Windsor, NSW, 1943); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949; Lindfield, NSW, 1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954; Mona Vale, NSW, 1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''MACPHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Duncan Macpherson|Macpherson, Alexander Duncan &quot;Sandy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29CF-Z3F] - 1899(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4MC Brisbane (Nundah, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Oakleigh, 1954; Chermside, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1271, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Toombul RC); Qld Lands (draughtsman) - Comment: Slow update for death in Electoral Rolls? - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1949; Oakleigh, Qld, 1954; Chermside, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MADDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney John Madden|Madden, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-WGL] - 1900(Sct)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MN Perth (City, 1930; North Perth, 1931; Maylands, 1933-1937; Wembley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 264, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1937-1943); supervisor (Wembley, WA, 1954)

===''MADDICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddick|Maddick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert William Maddick|Maddick, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLB-J2P] - 1890(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: XLX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EF Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3EF Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 161, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; perpetrator of the foul mouthed parrot incident - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Elsternwick, 1917); mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1954)

===''MADDICKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddicks|Maddicks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Thomas Maddicks|Maddicks, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJBP-PFV] - 1912(Vic)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 3UA Daylesford (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2228, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Daylesford, Vic, 1936-1977)

===''MADDISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddison|Maddison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Victor Maddison|Maddison, Ernest Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJ6-SWD] - 1907(Vic)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1935); 2WZ Sydney (Randwick, 1936; Normanhurst, 1937; Willoughby, 1938; Randwick, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1331, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls:

===''MAGEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magee|Magee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin William Michael Magee|Magee, Kevin William Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-51Z] - 1913(Vic)-1979(Vanuatu) - Licences: 5KM Adelaide (City, 1931-1933); 2UN Sydney (Paddington, 1936); 3UN Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937); 3KM Melbourne (Kew, 1947-1960; North Balwyn, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 874, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: staff cadet (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1936); military officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; Kew, Vic, 1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1949-1954); company director (Kew, Vic, 1963); director (Balwyn, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''MAGENNIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magennis|Magennis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Aubrey Magennis|Magennis, Alfred Ernest Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR7T-5RB] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2AFE Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1842, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MAGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maguire|Maguire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Maguire|Maguire, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SN-BKC] - 1921(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3IO Stratford (1938-1939; 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2216, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stratford, 1949-1977); grazier (Munro, 1980)

* [[/Ernest Norbert Maguire|Maguire, Ernest Norbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR4X-F61] - 1892(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KL Sydney (Lewisham, 1928-1930; Dulwich Hill, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 387, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Lewisham, 1930-1932); sergeant of police (Putney, 1943; Gladesville, 1949-1958); retired (Lake Illawarra South, 1963)

* [[/Sydney William Maguire|Maguire, Sydney William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDF-L85] - 1903(WA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2XY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; North Bondi, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 933, 1926; AOLCP 74, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Glenmore, 1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Maroubra North, 1943); inspector (Maroubra North, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1958)

===''MAHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maher|Maher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Anthony Maher|Maher, Francis Anthony &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKS3-6QD] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1932-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 941, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1936; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937; Coburg West, Vic, 1942-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mahon|Mahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Mahon|Mahon, Hugh]] - 1857(Ire)-1931(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1904)

===''MAIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stephen John Leith Mais|Mais, Stephen John Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-BTV] - 1898(WA)-1960(WA) - Licences: 6CQ Receive Perth (Chester Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: trainee (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); carpenter (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1958)
===''MAKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Makin|Makin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Makin|Makin, Bert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G26D-PZL] - 1888(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: XAEJ Sydney (Kogarah West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (West Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEJ - Bert Makin&quot;

* [[/George Makin|Makin, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97S3-JFZ] - 1914(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2198, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Relationships: Brother of 4OK John Makin (passed AOCP same day)  - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1936-1963); lightkeeper (Lighthouse, Sandy Cape, Qld, 1963; Fitzroy Island, Qld, 1968); tin miner (Mt Poverty, Qld, 1969)

* [[/John Makin|Makin, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6J-4KT] - 1906(Eng)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4OK Columboola (1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2199, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of George Makin (passed AOCP same day) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1930-1963); wardsman (Miles, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MALCOLM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Graham Malcolm|Malcolm, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8F-K5W] - 1949(Eng)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 3ZYK Melbourne (North Clayton, 1969; Mulgrave, 1975; Berwick, 1980); 1???; 2??? - Qualifications: AOLCP 2407, 1967 - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Communications Laboratory DoC (Director) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayton, Vic, 1972; Mulgrave, 1977; Berwick, 1980)
===''MALONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malone|Malone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Joseph Malone|Malone, James Joseph &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL8-8DP] - 1883(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 240, 1916 - employment (NSW P&amp;T, Telegraph Messenger; PMGD, Cadet Engineer, Controller Wireless; OTC, Manager); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayfield, Qld, 1917-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); chief inspector wireless (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); Deputy Director, Posts and Telegraphs (Indooroopilly, 1943); public servant (Lindfield, NSW, 1949-1963) - Links: [[w:James Joseph Malone|Wikipedia]];  [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_05_30#P.109_-_Commonwealth_Controller_of_Wireless|Bio]]

* [[/Laurence Edward Palek Malone|Malone, Laurence Edward Palek &quot;Edward&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY19-CCV] - 1915(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3LV Mologa (1937-1939); 3QE Maryborough (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1883, 1937, Vic; COCP1 197, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Maloga, Vic, 1937); engineer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MALONEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maloney|Maloney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kent Allen Maloney|Maloney, Kent Allen or Allen Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-9J4] - 1904(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2UC Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1936); 2UC Lismore (1937-1939); 2UC Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1328, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wanganui, NZ, 1925-1928; Waverley, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1935); radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936); radio serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Hastings, NZ, 1946-1960); radio technician (Hastings, NZ, 1963); retired (Hastings, NZ, 1969-1972) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1255758 VWMA]

===''MALPAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malpas|Malpas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth John Malpas|Malpas, Kenneth John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGC2-BNN] - 1909(SA)-1929(SA) - Licences: 5XG Kadina (1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 313, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''MANAHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manahan|Manahan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Gerald Manahan|Manahan, Frank Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-9MZ] - 1911(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 2AGN Murwillumbah (1937-1938); 4FG Brisbane (Annerley, 1947-1948; St Lucia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1901, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1941); company director (Annerley, Qld, 1949); director (St Lucia, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MANCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Roy Mancer|Mancer, Arthur Roy &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV8K-J7L] - 1892(NZ)-1968(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 110, ?; 1COCP 71, 1935 - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls:

===''MANGNALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Hartley Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert Hartley Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MD-3L2] - 1903(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3?? Melbourne (Carlton, 1927); 3HB Melbourne (Highett, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 350, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Carlton, Vic, 1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MANIFOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Charles Manifold|Manifold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXMR-BFZ] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1933; McKinnon, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 647, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Malvern, 1931-1934; Bentleigh, 1936-1980)

===''MANKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manks|Manks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Eli Manks|Manks, Thomas Eli]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCV-6JS] - 1914(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1619, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); pharmacist (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manley|Manley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Patrick Joseph Francis Manley|Manley, Patrick Joseph Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSL-LYV] - 1894(Vic)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1935-1939; Camperdown, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 614, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 381, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924); company manager (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931); company director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1934-1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Woollahra, NSW, 1963) 

* [[/William McGregor Manley|Manley, William McGregor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW6-J99] - 1903(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1931-1934; Parramatta, 1935-1936); 2XH Sydney (Gladesville, 1937-1938; Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 767, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1931); engineer (Lilyfield, NSW, 1933-1935; Parramatta, NSW, 1936)

===''MANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bruce Reginald Mann|Mann, Bruce Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1J7-H22] - 1906(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Quambatook (1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3BM Swan Hill (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1876, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 3CK James Barrett Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1931-1968; Swan Hill, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Edward Alexander Mann|Mann, Edward Alexander]] - 1874(SA)-1951(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Federal politician for WA; political commentator &quot;The Watchman&quot;; author &quot;Arrows in the Air: A Selection from Broadcasts by &quot;The Watchman&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Edward_Mann_(Australian_politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mann-edward-alexander-7472 ADB]

* [[/James Barrett Mann|Mann, James Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWHB-WTR] - 1875(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Receive Quambatook (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 3BM Bruce Reginald Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1908-1967)

* [[/John Edward Mann|Mann, John Edward &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JY-STV] - 1912(SA)-1941(off Libyan coast) - Licences: 5EM Semaphore (1934-1938); 3IE Westmere (1938); 3IE Ballarat (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1304, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, telegraphist) - Relationships: Son of Thomas William Mann - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1675471 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10278775 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} 

* [[/Sydney George Mann|Mann, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DP-V1C] - 1908(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3KY Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1931; Hampton, 1937-1939, 1946-1954; East Brighton, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 594, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Glenhuntly, 1931); mechanic (Sandringham, 1936-1937); shopkeeper (Woodend, 1942); mechanic (Hampton, 1949-1954); sales (Carnegie, 1963); salesman (St Kilda, 1967)

* [[/Thomas William Mann|Mann, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLZ-2S3] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 5EM-3IE John Edward Mann- Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manning|Manning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol John Roland Manning|Manning, Athol John Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69L-G2L] - 1916(Tas)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 7LR Devonport (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1367, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Devonport, 1949-1954) 

* [[/Clifton Joseph Manning|Manning, Clifton Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G893-WW6] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CJ Melbourne (Ringwood, 1927; Elwood, 1931-1937; Eltham, 1938-1939; Balwyn, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1960); 3CJ Orbost (1965); 3CJ Marlo (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 338, 1927, Vic; COCP1 877, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (St Kilda, 1931-1936; Canterbury, 1943; Templestowe, 1949; Sandringham, 1954-1963); farmer (Orbost, 1967-1968); retired (Marlo, 1972-1977; Lang Lang, 1980)

* [[/George William Manning|Manning, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVD4-VMS] - 1909(Vic)-2003(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3XJ Melbourne (Maribyrnong, 1934-1939; Richmond, 1947-1954; Parkdale, 1955-1965); 3XJ Birchip (1969); 3XJ Narraport (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1312, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maribyrnong, Vic, 1931-1937; Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954); public servant (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Noble Park, Vic, 1972); engineer (Narraport, Vic, 1977)

===''MANSFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. D. Mansfield|Mansfield, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZQ Burnie (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MANTLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Patrick Thomas Mantle|Mantle, Joseph Patrick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-DP9] - 1913(Qld)-1976(Fiji) - Licences: 4XF Brisbane (Ascot, 1933-1939); 4XF Townsville (Hermit Park, 1947-1948); 4XF Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1960); 3AEN Bendigo (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1146, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 1083, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ascot, Qld, 1936); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business manager (New Farm, Qld, 1954); manager (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); sales manager (Warwick, Qld, 1963); no occupation (Townsville, Qld, 1963); sales executive (Petersham, NSW, 1972)
===''MANUEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manuel|Manuel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Thomas Manuel|Manuel, Robert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5S-3R5] - 1910(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5RT Adelaide (Prospect, 1932-1939, 1947-1960; Beefacres, 1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1052, 1932, SA; BOCP 1310, 1953; 2COCP 1279, 1953; 1COCP 1688, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANWARING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manwaring|Manwaring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Leslie Manwaring|Manwaring, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQB-V26] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AJK Cootamundra (1938-1939, 1946-1950); 2QK Cootamundra (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2089, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1935-1937); timber merchant (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943-1954); nursery man (Cootamundra, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''MARCONI''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marconi|Marconi, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi|Marconi, Guglielmo Giovanni Maria]] - 1874(Italy)-1937(Italy) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Inventor, electrical engineer, entrepreneur, businessman; pioneer of long distance radio transmission, widely credited as the inventor of radio; shared 1909 Nobel prize for physics for contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy

===''MARCUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eugen Gerald Marcuse|Marcuse, Eugen Gerald &quot;Gerald&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9C3M-X1G] - 1886(Eng)-1961(Eng) - Licences: G2NM England - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer

===''MARKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marks|Marks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Hubert Marks|Marks, Edward Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMT9-YTF] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3VM Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1955; Sassafras, 1956-1960; East Malvern, 1965; Armadale, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1948, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: dental student (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936); dentist (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); dental surgeon (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); dentist (Malvern East, Vic, 1958-1968); grazier (Porcupine Ridge via Daylesford, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Sydney Marks|Marks, Joseph Sydney or Sydney Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQG4-X1G] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2GR Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio trader (Electricity House, Marks' Radio Company); electrician; police officer; sued by 2BL for non-payment of fees in 1924 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rose Bay, 1930-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2GR - Joseph Sydney Marks&quot;

===''MARLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric William Marley|Marley, Cedric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVF2-DJ4] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4CJ Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1938-1939; Graceville, 1947; Kalinga, 1948); 4CJ Rockhampton (1954-1956); 4CJ South Mackay (1960); 9CJ Port Moresby (1965); Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2079, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); broadcast technician (PMG, ABC); WW2 (RAN, telegraphist); federal public servant (PMG, ABC) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kalinga, Qld, 1949; Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); broadcast technician (Mackay, Qld, 1958; Bucasia, Mackay, Qld, 1958; Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''MARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marr|Marr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Clanan Marr|Marr, Charles William Clanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M8V-QQM] - 1880(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: MHR (Forrest, NSW, 1929); director (Crows Nest, NSW, 1933); company director (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1933-1935); director (Crows Nest, NSW,  1935); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1937-1943; Killara, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/John Neville Marr|Marr, John Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTY5-D27] - 1915(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1933-1939); 6AJ Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1948); 3AJB Melbourne (Carrum, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1198, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946; RAAF) - Awards: DFC, 1943 - Electoral Rolls: aircraftsman (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Pearee Aerodrome, WA, 1943-1949); RAAF (Deepdene, Vic, 1954; Dickson, ACT, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968; Dianella, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MARRIOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marriott|Marriott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald James Marriott|Marriott, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFC-GW3] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SI Melbourne (Toorak, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1778, 1936, Vic; COCP3 3782, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1935-1937); director &amp; supervisor (Toorak, Vic, 1943-1967); director (Toorak, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''MARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Burton Mars|Mars, Ernest Burton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VJ-GWR] - 1907(SA)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Unley, 1923-1924); 4EM Charleville (1930-1933); 2EM Dubbo (1934-1936); 4EM Charleville (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2GE Moree (1948); 4EM Emerald (1954-1955); 4EM Charleville (1956); 4EM Longreach (1960); 4EM Currumbin (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 686, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 23, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Dubbo, 1935); bank official (Charleville, 1937-1943; Wagga Wagga, 1949); bank clerk (Moree, 1949); bank manager (Commonwealth Bank Emerald, 1954; Commonwealth Bank, Charleville, 1958; Longreach, 1963); retired (Currumbin, 1968; Palm Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - established 4VL Charleville commercial

===''MARSDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Marsden|Marsden, Robert Cecil &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92N-W62] - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Sydney, 1909; 2JM Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922); 2JM Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1923-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1925-1926; Edgecliff, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, local NSW clubs) - Relationships: Father of 2VV-2FV Robert Morris Marsden - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Woolahra, 1930; Epping, 1930-1958); manager (Castlecrag, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2JM - Robert Cecil Marsden&quot;
* [[/Robert Morris Marsden|Marsden, Robert Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX1-VPG] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Kingsford, 1958-1969); 2FV Tuross Heads (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 226, 1956; AOCP 3627, 1957, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: Son of 2JM Robert Cecil Marsden - Electoral Rolls: taxi proprietor (Bondi Beach, 1949; Kingsford, 1958-1972); retired (Tuross Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MARSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Marsh|Marsh, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-QZ7] - 1890(Eng)-1943(WA) - Licences: 6DQ Receive West Pingelly (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Harrismith, WA, 1931); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1943)
* [[/Roy Edward William Marsh|Marsh, Roy Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF42-28N] - 1899(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CE Receive Perth (North Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (East Perth, WA, 1921; Maylands, WA, 1925-1926; East Midland, WA, 1931-1963)
* [[/Sydney Westport Marsh|Marsh, Sydney or Sidney Westport]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFLN-PKM] - 1889(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK West Wallsend (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ladysmith, 1913); fitter (West Wallsend, 1930-1937)

===''MARSHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marshall|Marshall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Francis Marshall|Marshall, Archie Francis &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37M-W83] - 1907(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4AF Clifton (1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 438, 1928, No. 48 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (blacksmith, fitter/turner) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Clifton, 1930-1980)

* [[/Herbert Anthony Marshall|Marshall, Herbert Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJR-P3P] - 1888(India)-1948(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Port Pirie, 1910; 2HM Armidale (1924-1926); 2HM Sydney (Bondi, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 115, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 48, 1931 - Comment: proud of his initials &quot;H.A.M.&quot;, early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Relationships: his daughter Denise Chalmers Marshall frequently on air over 2HM - TroveTag: &quot;2HM - Herbert Anthony Marshall&quot; - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1934-1943)

* [[/Mary Austine Marshall|Henry nee Marshall, Mary Austine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-GR6] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1930-1939, 1946-1956; East Malvern, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 619, 1930, Vic - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); no occupation (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/M. J. Marshall|Marshall, M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3NP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1938-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vaughan Edward Marshall|Marshall, Vaughan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86T-KNY] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3UK Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1933; Kew, 1937-1939, 1946-1969; Mt Eliza, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 603, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1936); tea specialist (Kew, Vic, 1937-1968); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''MARSLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marsland|Marsland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Bruce Marsland|Marsland, Benjamin Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-X47] - 1906(Qld)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 4DX Receive Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928); teller (Normanton, Qld, 1930); bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931; Malanda, Qld, 1932); no occupation (Annerley, Qld, 1943)

* [[/James Gilbert Marsland|Marsland, James Gilbert &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY2-JTB] - 1912(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3NY Cobden (1931); 3NY Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 774, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarendon, Vic, 1936; South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); bank clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''MARSTELLA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marstella|Marstella, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Arthur Marstella|Marstella, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCM-JRQ] - 1911(NSW)-2001(NSW)89yo - Licences: 2AEZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1936-1938); 2AEZ Gosford (Erina, 1946-1950; Gosford, 1954-1958); 2AEZ Lidcombe (1960-1969); 2AEZ Forster (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1830, 1936, NSW; BOCP 1132, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hamilton, NSW, 1933; New Lambton, NSW, 1935-1936); radio serviceman (Erina, NSW, 1949); technician (Gosford, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1977; Forster, NSW, 1980)

===''MARSTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marston|Marston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Thomas Marston|Marston, James Thomas &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKDX-19C] - 1920(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Belmont, 1948; Morningside, 1954); 4JA Toowoomba (1955-1956); 4JA Brisbane (Boondall, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2655, 1948, Qld - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); technician (Boondall, Qld, 1963-1972)
* [[/W. L. Marston|Marston, W. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MARTENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martens|Martens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred John Martens|Martens, Alfred John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QSF-SRH] - 1916(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5MA Clare (1947); 5MA Berri (1948); 5MA Renmark (1954-1965); 5MA Millswood (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2369, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clare, SA, 1941-1943)

===''MARTIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martin|Martin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Clive Martin|Martin, Bernard Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3K-1K5] - 1906(NSW)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Bankstown, 1923); Receive (Valve) Medlow Bath (1923); 2BM Sydney (Banksia, 1926; Bankstown, 1927; Bronte, 1928-1934; Potts Point, 1935-1936; Neutral Bay, 1938; Queenscliffe, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 883, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 11, 1929; COCP1 46, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Eric Harold Martin|Martin, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX2-MBB] - 1903(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZF Melbourne (Preston, 1931-1933; Richmond, 1937; Elwood, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 764, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1927; Preston, Vic, 1931); motor driver (Richmond, Vic, 1936); chauffeur (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942); fitter (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1954); public servant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963; Carnegie, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Eric Wilfred Martin|Martin, Eric Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z2-D33] - 1916(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Robinvale (1937); 2AHY Balranald (1938-1939); 3HN Bogong (1947-1956); 3APJ Mt Beauty (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1389, 1934; BOCP 353, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bogong, Vic, 1942-1954); superintendent (Mt Beauty, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Seaford South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/George Henry Martin|Martin, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX81-3CT] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FW Sydney (Waverley, 1932-1939); 2AFW Sydney (Waverley, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1010, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Waverley, NSW, 1930-1936); fitter (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/James Frederick Martin|Martin, James Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR6-MS6] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1927-1933); 3JM Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 340, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1936); traveller (North Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954-1963); sales director (Doncaster, Vic, 1967); sales (Noble Park, Vic, 1972)

* [[/James Lennox Alexander Martin|Martin, James Lennox Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTD-3TK] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3NT Melbourne (Dandenong, 1933-1939); 3AV Horsham (1948); 3AV Melbourne (Dandenong, 1954-1960); 3AV Horsham (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1201, 1933, Vic; COCP2 390, 1940; COCP1 470, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Dandenong, Vic, 1931-1934); mechanic (Dandenong, Vic, 1937-1949); radio mechanic (Horsham, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Michael Martin|Martin, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX79-GWZ] - 1886(Ireland)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 146, 1915; 1COCP 58, 1935 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Comment: several contemporaneous JMMs - Electoral Rolls: Ancestry 299 hits too be sifted

* [[/John Robert Martin|Martin, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWFG-HMM] - 1919(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4MX Cunnamulla (1937-1939); 4MX Toowoomba (1946-1954); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1955-1960); 4MX Julia Creek (1965-1969); 4MX Finch Hatton (1975); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1933, 1937, Qld; BOCP 147, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); business proprietor (radio service); Presbyterian minister - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Gaythorne, Qld, 1958; Kingaroy, Qld, 1963); missionary (Blackall, Qld, 1972; Gaythorne, Qld, 1972); minister of religion (Enoggera, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Martin|Martin, Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-PG7] - 1903(UK)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4KY Ipswich (1933-1939); 4KY Brisbane (Sandgate, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1110, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: carriage trimmer (Woodend, Qld, 1925-1937; Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Norman Rex Martin|Martin, Norman Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-JV4] - 1915(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1936; Enfield, 1937-1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1581, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Enfield, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943; Canterbury, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Bexley North, NSW, 1954-1968); managing director (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald William Martin|Martin, Ronald William &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPZ-46T] - 1917(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AHI Casino (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1981, 1937, NSW; BOCP 403, 1941; COCP2 789, 1944; COCP1 795, 1944; TVOCP 455, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Casino, NSW, 1949-1968); technician (Casino, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Silas Martin|Martin, Silas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMT-6WS] - 1874(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Perth, 1903-1906; East Perth, 1912-1914); mechanic (Rockhampton, 1917-1921); radio mechanic (Cooktown, 1925; Beam Wireless Station, Ballan, 1928-1943); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943)

* [[/T. S. Martin|Martin, T. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBE Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter J. Martin|Martin, Walter J.]] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 1, 1914, No. 1 in Aus and Vic, Marconi &amp; Telefunken - commercial operator; coastal station operator?

* [[/William Anthony Martin|Martin, William Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-KPZ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WM Hobart (West Hobart, 1929-1931); 7WM Gawler (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 497, 1929, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 70, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous William Anthony Martin's

===''MARTINSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martinsen|Martinsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sevrin Joseph William Martinsen|Martinsen, Sevrin Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SD-KJG] - 1905(Norway)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2351, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wycheproof, Vic, 1942)

===''MASHMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mashman|Mashman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Wilfred Mashman|Mashman, Lionel Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6K-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2OB Receive Sydney (Bexley, 1923-1924); 2OB Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 84, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MASON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mason|Mason, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Gordon Mason|Mason, Jeffrey Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWM-M3H] - 1912(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5VC Millicent (1947); 5VC Adelaide (Hectorville, 1954-1955; Pennington, 1956; Clarence Park, 1960; Holden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1275, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1942)

===''MASTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Masters|Masters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Harold Masters|Masters, Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPY] - 1875(Vic)-1951(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed); vice president WIA Launceston 1920s; later prominent architect - Relationships: brother of 7MM William Edward Masters - Electoral Rolls: architect (Launceston, 1928-1949)

* [[/Brian Jermyn Masters|Masters, Brian Jermyn &quot;Jermyn&quot;]] - 1891(Vic)-1950(NZ) - Licences: 3LM Receive Melbourne (Armadale, 1923); 3LM Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operated his station both individually and on behalf WIA Malvern

* [[/Herbert Victor Masters|Masters, Herbert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLLC-CV2] - 1883(NSW)-1918(France) - Licences: XHY Sydney (Stanmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, Lieutenant, 1st Anzac Wireless Section, Killed accidentally, 1914-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1647200 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Edward Masters|Masters, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPW] - 1873(Vic)-1952(Tas) - Licences: 7MM Hobart (Bellerive 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1066, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; solicitor - Relationships: brother of Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot; Masters - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Bellerive, 1914-1949) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27111852 Obituary]

===''MATCHETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kenneth Lyle Matchett|Matchett, John Kenneth Lyle &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1L-SCZ] - 1921(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3TL Melbourne (Box Hill, 1960; Templestowe, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3700, 1958, Vic - amateur operator, WW2, member Old Timer's Club - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949); teacher (Bayswater, 1954); lecturer (Templestowe, 1963-1980) - curator of the WIA QSL card collection for many years; personally acquired a large collection of Australian amateur QSL cards which were donated to the WIA collection on his passing, many thousands of QSLs provided by Wolf Harranth of Dokufunk on an exchange basis
===''MATHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mather|Mather, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart Mather|Mather, Alexander Stewart &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTL-WWC] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JZ Singleton (1929-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 479, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 89, 1932; TVOCP 273, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cordial manufacturer (Singleton, 1930-1968)

* [[/Walter Douglas Mather|Mather, Walter Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGZ-B5R] - 1919(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3WD Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947); 3WD Melbourne (Gardiner, 1948); 3AWD Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1960-1969); 4YM Surfers Paradise (1975); 4YM Bribie Island (1980); 2AF? Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1654, 1936, Vic; BOCP 170, 1938; COCP1 892, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); merchant (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1968); investor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977; Bribie Island, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matheson|Matheson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Raymond Matheson|Matheson, Charles Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZL-8KD] - 1915(NSW)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939); 3ATH Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947; Strathmore, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 438; COCP1 8, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954); technical officer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); boat proprietor (Narooma, NSW, 1963); proprietor (Main Beach, Qld, 1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHEWS''===

See also MATTHEWS

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathews|Mathews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Campion Mathews|Mathews, John Campion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-46V] - 1912(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3SY Geelong (Newtown, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+); 3JM Portable Geelong (Newtown, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 709, 1930, Vic; TVOCP 20, 1957; BOCP 261, 1988 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newtown, 1934-1968); operator (Newtown, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Mathews|Mathews, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82Z-KX2] - 1914(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4EE Rockhampton (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1414, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MATHIESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathieson|Mathieson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Hamilton Mathieson|Mathieson, Ian Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVR2-7RN] - 1911(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 3NR Melbourne (Werribee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 313, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Werribee, Vic, 1937-1942); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949-1954; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Blackheath, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MATTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matters|Matters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Warburton Matters|Matters, Leonard Warburton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJS-9QZ] - 1881(SA)-1951(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist; Boer War; acted on behalf West Radio Broadcasting Co, an applicant for the Perth sealed set licence ultimately awarded to Westralian Farmers (6WF) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Perth, WA, 1903-1906; Balkatta, WA, 1910; North Perth, WA, 1925) - TroveTag: &quot;Leonard Warburton Matters&quot; - Links: [[w:Leonard_Matters|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Wallace Lindsay Washington Matters|Matters, Wallace Lindsay Washington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBS-PB4] - 1906(Vic)-2004(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3WW Warrnambool (1934-1939); 3WW Melbourne (Footscray, 1947-1948; Box Hill North, 1954); 3MJ Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1956; Rosanna, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1374, 1934, Vic; COCP1 311, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Warrnambool, Vic, 1931); postal employee (Warrnambool, Vic, 1933-1937); postal clerk (Footscray, Vic, 1942); clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Heidelberg, Vic, 1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980)

===''MATTHEWS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matthews|Matthews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Leslie Matthews|Matthews, Alfred Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTX-LBR] - 1917(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3ZT Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947; Hughesdale, 1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2354, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1949); technician (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Box Hill North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Fred Thomas Matthews|Matthews, Fred or Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-22K] - 1904(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4FK Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); business proprietor (Matthews Fire Alarm Co) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Merthyr, 1925-1958); engineer (New Farm, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Leigh Inglis Matthews|Matthews, John Leigh Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKN-159] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJD Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Richmond, 1913-1919)

* [[/Kenneth Morgan Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-R2W] - 1911(SA)-2009(SA)98yo - Licences: 5GN Adelaide (Malvern, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1732, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/551921 VWMA]

* [[/Kenneth William Pitts Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth William Pitts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT36-MP8] - 1925(Eng)-2006(ACT) - Licences: 2WE Sydney (Artarmon, 1939, 1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2330, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Artarmon, NSW, 1949; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); printer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Royston Oliver Carr Matthews|Matthews, Royston Oliver Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQJ-VML] - 1889(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 21, 1914 - wireless operator AWA at 1914 enlistment; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Light Horse Brigade Signal Troop, 1914-1917; 2nd Squadron AFC, Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mercantile manager (Netherby, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/300087 VWM]; [https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=191405 AIF Project]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/REL36707 brief bio]

* [[/Vincent John Matthews|Matthews, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFW4-NM1] - 1888(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 6AQ Perth (Bayswater, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Stott's College (Principal, early 1920s) - Electoral Rolls: business college master (West Gildford, WA, 1910); manager (Guildford, WA, 1912; Bayswater, WA, 1916-1925); business manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1928); director (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1963)

* [[/Walter John Penrose Matthews|Matthews, Walter John Penrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5TS-HZN] - 1880(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5BS Receive Murray Bridge (1922); Receive Murray Bridge (1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: lifter SA Railways (Tailem Bend, SA, 1939-1943)

===''MAUGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mauger|Mauger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Mauger|Mauger, Samuel &quot;Sam&quot;]] - 1857(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - state politician; senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1908)

===''MAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maughan|Maughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Maughan|Maughan, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-BJW] - 1903(WA)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3HH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3HH Melbourne (Malvern, 1923-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 14, 1924, Vic; AOLCP 82, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, 1925-1954)

===''MAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Mawson|Mawson, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3H-42N] - 1882(Eng)-1958(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Head Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914) - Electoral Rolls: [[w:Douglas Mawson|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mawson-sir-douglas-7531 ADB]
* [[/Ernest Richard Mawson|Mawson, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2W9T-NJN] - 1861(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Campsie, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Parramatta, 1903); no occupation (Dee Why, 1930-1933; Harbord, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1943)

===''MAXWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maxwell|Maxwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. S. Maxwell|Maxwell, H. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAEE Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alston Maxwell|Maxwell, Ronald Alston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZRL-TRZ] - 1908(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 656, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Randwick, 1933; Liverpool, 1934-1935; Croydon, 1936-1937); clerk (Caringbah, 1949)

===''MAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert May|May, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank May|May, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-CXP] - 1878(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6FM Dwellingup (1929-1931); 6FM Gnowangerup (1933); 6FM Esperance (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 139, 1915; AOCP 560, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: stationmaster (Gnowangerup, WA, 1931; Esperance, WA, 1936-1937; Armadale, WA; 1943; Collie, WA, 1949)

===''MAYNARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maynard|Maynard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Stewart Maynard|Maynard, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGN4-3BJ] - 1911(NSW)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2JG Sydney (Croydon, 1931; Haberfield, 1933-1934; Croydon, 1935-1938; Ashfield, NSW, 1939); 9FM Popondetta (1969); 4RY Atherton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 150, 1930; COCP1 86, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; South Perth, WA, 1937); retired (Atherton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MAYGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mayger|Mayger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Hubert Mayger|Mayger, Neil Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F7-J2D] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); sales (Darlinghurst, 1937); salesman (East Sydney, 1937); Sales (Darlinghurst, 1943)

===''MAZURE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mazure|Mazure, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Thomas Mazure|Mazure, Frederick Thomas or Thomas Frederick &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-J2Y] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6MZ Jindong via Busselton (1939, 1948-1969); 6MZ Busselton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2398, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: settler (Group 53 via Busselton, WA, 1931-1963); farmer (Jondong, WA, 1968); retired (Busselton, WA, 1972-1980)

===''MCATEER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph McAteer|McAteer, Brother Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKT-JWB] - 1881(NZ)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Receive Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1923); 5AQ Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCAULEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McAuley|McAuley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Money McAuley|McAuley, William John Money &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKH-Z5Y] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1931); 3BCM Melbourne (Brighton, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 221, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: jackaroo (Nyngan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Womboota, Vic, 1937-1943)

===''MCBRIDE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBride|McBride, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander James McBride|McBride, Alexander James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXR-Z1G] - 1914(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4BR Brisbane (Wilston, 1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2320, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (radio repair) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Wilston, Qld, 1936-1980)

===''MCBURNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBurney|McBurney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Hope McBurney|McBurney, Douglas Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G66Y-BKV] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XHJ Sydney (Milsons Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1958); chartered engineer (Milsons Point, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MCCABE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Bernard McCabe|McCabe, William Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ1C-FN2] - 1864(Irl)-1938(WA) - Licences: 7AQ Clarence Point (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (St Kilda, Vic, 1912; Balaclava, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, 1915-1921; Caulfield, 1924); orchardist (Clarence Point, 1922-1928); civil engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1937)
===''MCCALMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCalman|McCalman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Colin McCalman|McCalman, Maxwell Colin &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-V77] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 142, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: musician (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MCCANDLISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCandlish|McCandlish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack McCandlish|McCandlish, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-TJC] - 1915(Eng)-1943(Ins) - Licences: 3HN Sea Lake (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1468, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Sergeant, Commando, 1943) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Sea Lake, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1685215 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/638249 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCCARTHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCarthy|McCarthy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard John McCarthy|McCarthy, Howard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-NHR] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1847-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2312, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Keith McCarthy|McCarthy, John Keith &quot;Keith / Macca&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G528-9XX] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 3FX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1932-1933); 2IM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1934); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935); 3FX Melbourne (Hampton, 1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939; City, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1954-1956); 9AR On board yacht Pandemonium (1969);  P29AR/MM On board yacht Pandemonium (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1036, 1932, Vic; COCP3 6578, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; state public servant (Vic Railways, telegraphist); military (RAAF, DFC, AFM, AE) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gardiner, Vic, 1928); no occupation (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); wireless mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935); aircraftsman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Templestowe, Vic, 1954; Broadbeach, Qld, 1963); retired (Currumbin Beach, Qld, 1968)

===''MCCARTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCartney|McCartney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm John Young McCartney|McCartney, Malcolm John Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8W-RB1] - 1911(Vic)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1954; St Kilda, 1955-1965; Hampton, 1969-1975); 4KV Cairns (Holloway Beach, 1975; Manunda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2353, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937); artist (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1954-1967; Hampton, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Cairns, Qld, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MCCLELLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis George Trotter McClelland|McClelland, Francis George Trotter &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ3D-X9M] - 1883(Vic)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XMC Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (East Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1916)

===''MCCONNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McConnell|McConnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCONNELL

* [[/James Ross McConnell|McConnell, James Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ7-9FK] - 1895(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XNU Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 303, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); traveller (Kew, Vic, 1922-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Helge McConnell|McConnell, John Helge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-VX3] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3RV Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948); 3RV Eildon (1954); 3RV Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1645, 1936, Vic; BOCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); radio engineer (Eildon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCCORMACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCormack|McCormack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCORMACK

* [[/William Henry Osborne McCormack|McCormack, William Henry Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFZS-FFS] - 1878(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XBH Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1913; Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1943)

===''MCCRACKEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCracken|McCracken, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin Gordon McCracken|McCracken or McCrackan, Colin Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT8-2HB] - 1892(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XJAZ Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Armadale, Vic, 1914-1916); builder (Malvern, Vic, 1916-1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954; Burwood, Vic, 1967-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972)

===''MCCREDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCredie|McCredie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric St Clair McCredie|McCredie, Eric St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBYJ-241] - 1903(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2EV Sydney (Burwood, 1932-1938; Arncliffe, 1939; Brighton-le-Sands, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 921, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of Roland Alexander McCredie - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); pharmaceutical chemist (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Roland Alexander McCredie|McCredie, Roland Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR9-4BL] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Campsie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EV Eric St Clair McCredie - Electoral Rolls: law student (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); solicitor (Burwood, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''MCCUBBIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCubbin|McCubbin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce Lorimer McCubbin|McCubbin, Bruce Lorimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYKR-99F] - 1916(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3SO Melbourne (Richmond, 1936-1939, 1947; Burwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1698, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, Aircraft Repair; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1937-1942); labourer's assistant? (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MCCULLAGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Austral McCullagh|McCullagh, Alexander Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNN-V7Y] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Home Hill, 1923); 2RR Sydney (Balgowlah, 1965-1969); 9NI Norfolk Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2977, 1959; AOLCP 754, 1959; AOCP 4229, 1964, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Sandgate, Qld, 1919); chemist (Inkerman Mill, Qld, 1922); engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930; Abbotsford, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1934-1936); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Green Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MCCULLOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, George Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-SVW] - 1907(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Receive Ballarat (1923-1924); 3GM Ballarat (1925-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 198, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1931-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;3XM-3GM - George Robert McCulloch&quot;

===''MCCUTCHEON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCutcheon|McCutcheon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. A. McCutcheon|McCutcheon, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OX Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCDERMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Westall McDermott|McDermott, James Westall &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-PY2] - 1913(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JM Brisbane (1930) &amp; Nambour (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 711, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4RM Robert Ernest McDermott; son of 4WP Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Nambour, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Robert Ernest McDermott|McDermott, Robert Ernest &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW8-QJ5]  - 1917(Qld)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 4RM Nambour (1938-1939); 4RM Brisbane (Ekibin, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2223, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); business proprietor (radio/TV retail, Ekibin) - Relationships: brother of James Westall McDermott; son of Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, 1943; Ekibin, 1949-1968); TV engineer (Tewantin, Qld, 1972-1980)
* [[/Westall Samuel McDermott|McDermott, Westall Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-2SQ] - 1889(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4WP Nambour (1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2087, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of James Westall McDermott &amp; Robert Ernest McDermott - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Hendon, Qld, 1916-1917; Sandgate, Qld, 1921; Glen Eagle, Qld, 1925-1928; Rosemount, Qld, 1934; Nambour, Qld, 1937-1958); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1963)

===''MCDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonald|McDonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONALD

* [[/Arthur Hunter McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGC-3C4] - 1913(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFC Grafton (1937-1938); 2AFC Lismore (1939); 2AFC Sydney (Maroubra, 1947-1950; Padstow, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: vulcanizer (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1937); fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1943); toolmaker (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Arthur Stephen McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36J-ZLJ] - 1891(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 700, 1922 - broadcast engineer (PMGD, RANRS, AWA); professional society administrator (IEA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1913; St Kilda, Vic, 1916-1924; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936); engineer (Edgecliff, 1943; Double Bay, 1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdonald-arthur-stephen-7333 ADB]; [https://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P001299b.htm Bright Sparks]

* [[/Colin McDonald|McDonald, Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-SCG] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Rockhampton (1935-1938); 2AKK Moree (1939); 4CD Rockhampton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1440, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1958); accountant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Donald McDonald|McDonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)?

* [[/Donald Munro McDonald|McDonald, Donald Munro]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RW-5DX] - 1883(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922); 3KS Melbourne (Yarraville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Yarraville, Vic, 1912-1913); labourer (Yarraville, Vic, 1914-1949); retired (Yarraville, Vic, 1954-1963) - Comment: Several contemporaneous DMMs

* [[/Dudley Carmichael McDonald|McDonald, Dudley Carmichael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1NF-KDY] - 1908(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3DM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Armadale, 1954-1956; Ascot Vale, 1960); 4MY Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 886, 1932, Vic; COCP2 438, 1941; COCP1 514, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1949); technician (Malvern West, Vic, 1954; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1963); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/G. A. McDonald|McDonald, G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DN Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John McDonald|McDonald, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-WJR] - 1894(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 137, 1915; CPRT 190, 1916 (replacement?) - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMcD - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; Ancestry.com 1000s of hits to be sifted

* [[/Robert Rupert McDonald|McDonald, Robert Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18T-ND3] - 1917(Vic)-2011(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3MD Melbourne (Merlynstone, 1947-1975); 3MD Harcourt (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2285, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Mitchell, Vic, 1942); nil (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1972-1977; Harcourt, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Neville McDonald|McDonald, Wilfred Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-DB1] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Parramatta, 1935-1936); 4ZT Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1937; New Farm, 1938-1939; Annerley, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1412, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Annerley, Qld, 1949); electrical engineer (Tennyson, Qld, 1954-1963); manager (Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MCDONELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonell|McDonell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MCDONNELL

* [[/Charles Joseph McDonell|McDonell, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5Q2-CYT] - 1893(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XABS Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 17th Battalion, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (3.5 years) at time of enlistment 1915; Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1650670 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCDONOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonough|McDonough, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONOUGH

* [[/Ernest Richard McDonough|McDonough, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQX-NXY] - 1875(Wales)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920) - Electoral Rolls: Royal Navy (Newport, Vic, 1914-1915); Royal Australian Navy (Yarraville, Vic, 1917-1919); hotel proprietor (West Maitland, 1930-1935); retired (Wickham, 1937)

===''MCDOWALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowall|McDowall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWALL

* [[/Valentine McDowall|McDowall, Valentine &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M14R-SPG] - 1881(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Receive Brisbane (1922); 4CM Brisbane (City, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radiographer; WW2 - 4CM operator primarily Thomas Murray Browse Elliott after about 1925 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Laidley, 1906-1914; Clayfield, 1919; Ascot, 1934-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdowall-valentine-7349 ADB]

===''MCDOWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowell|McDowell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWELL

* [[/George McDowell|McDowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWK-72Y] - 1907(Scotland)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GM Clarence River (1931); 2GM Richmond River (1933); 2GM Grafton (1933-1936); 2GM Sydney (Bankstown, 1937-1938); 2GM Inverell (1939); 2GM Sydney (Earlwood, 1946; Old Guildford, 1947-1955; Chester Hill, 1956-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 825, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: yardman (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932); radio serviceman (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1935); enamel worker (Bankstown, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/John Edward Daniel McDowell|McDowell, John Edward Daniel or John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX86-J52] - 1914(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Ascot, 1937-1939); 4CX Gladstone (1947-1965); 4CX Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1873, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Ascot, Qld, 1937); chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1943-1949); industrial chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1954-1963); chemistry instructor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''MCELREA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McElrea|McElrea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACELREA

* [[/William James McElrea|McElrea, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-M3C] - 1913(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UV Sydney (Daceyville, 1935-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1559, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Daceyville, NSW, 1937-1958)

===''MCELWEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Johnston McElwee|McElwee, George Johnston]] - 1879(Tas)-1981(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - involved with Launceston Radio Clubs searching for the roar

===''MCGARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lloyd Ignatius McGarry|McGarry, Lloyd Ignatius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GT-4PR] - 1919(NSW)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4XY Roma (1937-1939); 4XY Rockhampton (1947); 4XY Brisbane (Taringa, 1948; Coorparoo, 1954-1956); 2ALM Sydney (Lakemba, 1960-1965); 1AM Canberra (Macquarie, 1969-1975); 4ALL Brisbane (Kingston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1943, 1937, Qld; BOCP 139, 1937; 2COCP 607, 1942; 1COCP 1026, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4GR, 4ZR); military (RAAF, WW2, mobile wireless, post WW2 Naval Intelligence); federal public servant (PMGD); scientist (Ionospheric Prediction Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Deagon, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1958)

===''MCGAURAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGauran|McGauran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Duncan James Macfarlane McGauran|McGauran, Duncan James Macfarlane]] - 1849(NZ)-1889(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria, member; Society of Telegraph Engineers, London, member); employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs; WA Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendant Telegraphs; NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs), patents in Quadraplex Telegraphy, father of Duncan James McGauran (telegraphist, accountant, inventor of a telephone meter)

===''MCGEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Carney Mitchell McGee|McGee, Carney Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-9LF] - 1910(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 5LX Adelaide (Mile End, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 676, 1930, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 52, 1936; 1COCP 210, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (North Unley, SA, 1939); assistant radio inspector (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); radio inspector (Kensington, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Como, 1980)
===''MCGEOCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Samuel McGeoch|McGeoch, William Leslie Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVNY-SDX] - 1912(WA)-2007(WA) - Licences: 6WL Brookton (1935-1939, 1947-1956); 6WL Bunbury (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1442, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brookton, WA, 1936-1943); radio service (Brookton, WA, 1958); electrician (Carey Park, WA, 1968-1980)

===''MCGOWAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGowan|McGowan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Clarence Graham McGowan|McGowan, Robert Clarence Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYK3-KJF] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3GO Sale (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3GO Melbourne (Frankston, 1954-1956; Blackburn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1733, 1936, Vic; BOCP 138, 1937; TVOCP 178, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1943-1949); radio technician (Frankston, Vic, 1954); technician (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1972); technical officer (Blackburn, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Samuel Walker McGowan|McGowan, Samuel Walker]] - 1829(Irl)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Vic Posts and Telegraphs (Superintendent Telegraphs), successfully tendered for the first Australian electric telegraph 1854 (Melbourne to Williamstown) then appointed to the public service to operate and maintain it, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria)

* [[/William Eugene Charles McGowan|McGowan, William Eugene Charles]] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2MQ Sydney (Haberfield, 1932-1934); 2ABF Sydney (Five Dock, 1936); 2MQ Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Waverley, 1938; Bondi, 1939; Abbotsford, 1946; Concord West, 1947-1950; Rydalmere, 1954-1961; Epping, 1965; Turramurra, 1969; Wollstonecraft, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1031, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, NSW, 1932-1935); traveller (Five Dock, 1937); foreman (Five Dock, 1943); supervisor (Concord West, NSW, 1949); assistant superintendant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1954-1958); factory superintendent (Epping, NSW, 1963); manager (Turramurra South, NSW, 1968); superintendent (Turramurra South, NSW, 1972); manager (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1977)

===''MCGRANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrane|McGrane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Milton Clarence McGrane|McGrane, John Milton Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-B72] - 1911(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1015, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''MCGRATH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Philip McGrath|McGrath, Edward Philip &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW87-9K5] - 1906(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5MO Adelaide (Parkside, 1933-1939; West Mitcham, 1947-1965; Aldgate, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1175, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Parkside, SA, 1939)
* [[/Francis Thomas McGrath|McGrath, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-HRN] - 1891(Tas)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 87, 1915; 1COCP 45, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Moonah, Tas, 1919); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1922); engineer (Eagle Junction, 1925); telegraphist (South Yarra, 1926-1927); supervisor (Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1934; Camberwell, Vic, 1936)

===''MCGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGregor|McGregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Aenas McGregor|McGregor, Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WT] - 1865(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XJEA Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Father of 3ZE Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Armadale, 1919; Toorak, 1928-1936)

* [[/John Ferguson McGregor|McGregor, John Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-8KP] - 1898(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2MY Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1937; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 938, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Signal Sqdrn Engineers, 1917-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JFMs - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenmore, NSW, 1930-1931; Drummoyne, NSW, 1933; Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935; Paddington, NSW, 1937); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor|McGregor, Keith Wilfred Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WQ] - 1903(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZE Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1924; Toorak, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 52, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of XJEA Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toorak, 1925-1928)

* [[/Robert Ross McGregor|McGregor, Robert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCC-MQW] - 1917(NZ)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XZ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937); 3XZ Warragul (1938-1939); 3XZ Mooroopna (1947-1948); 3XZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1954-1975; Frankston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1937, Vic; BOCP 65, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mooroopna, Vic, 1949); technician (Mentone, Vic, 1954; Mordialloc, Vic, 1967); electronics (Frankston, Vic, 1977); engineer (Stawell, Vic, 1980)

===''MCGRIGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Ross McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCB-TMN] - 1911(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCGUIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuigan|McGuigan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allyn Joseph McGuigan|McGuigan, Allyn Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95X-QF6] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AEP Mudgee (1938-1939, 1946-1954); 2AEP Lismore (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 19, 1930; AOCP 2158, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1930); factory hand (Annandale South, NSW, 1931-1933); mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1936; Mudgee, NSW, 1937-1954); radio technician (Lismore, NSW, 1958-1963); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1980)

===''MCGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuire|McGuire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Patrick Holman McGuire|McGuire, Leo Patrick Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HK-B2T] - 1906(NSW)-2001(WA) - Licences: 3KM Myrtleford (1929-1937); 3KM Corryong (1938-1939); 6MG Manjimup (1947-1969); 6MG Perth (Thornlie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 488, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Wangaratta, Vic, 1928); picture proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1931); postal employee (Myrtleford, Vic, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Mt Magnet, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1949); radio mechanic (Manjimup, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MCHUGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Charles McHugh|McHugh, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-V5Z] - 1914(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KA or 6KD Perth (Guildford, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1766, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Guildford, WA, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Belmont, WA, 1949; North Perth, WA, 1954); mechanic (Cottesloe, WA, 1954; Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1972)

===''MCINTOSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Edgar McIntosh|McIntosh, Raymond Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P8-MW7] - 1897(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFA Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914); 2ZG Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1925); 2AFQ Sydney (CBD, 1948-1950; Rose Bay, 1954; Turramurra, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: CPRT 165, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP3 675, 1948 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Bulimba, Qld, 1928); sound engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943-1954); sound engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFA-2ZG-2AFQ - Raymond Edgar McIntosh&quot;
* [[/Stanley John James McIntosh|McIntosh, Stanley John James &quot;Stan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-C5P] - 1913(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4PK Ipswich (Woodend, 1931-1939); 4PK Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 730, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (workshop foreman); business proprietor (electrical engineering) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woodend, Qld, 1934-1937; Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''MCINTYRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McIntyre|McIntyre, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel George McIntyre|McIntyre, Daniel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTNG-PHV] - 1901(NZ?)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2VX Receive Sydney (Pymble, 1923); 2VX Sydney (Pymble, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1958); radio retailer (Pymble, 1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2VX - Daniel George McIntyre&quot;

* [[/Leslie Richard McIntyre|McIntyre, Leslie Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LN2V-BXN] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Melbourne (Altona, 1947; West Melbourne, 1948-1960; Clayton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2294, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1192, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Murtoa, Vic, 1936-1942); radio worker (Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCKAIL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Lancelot Martyn McKail|McKail, Henry Lancelot Martyn or Martin &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 1887(WA)-1944(WA) - Licences: 6BT Perth (City, 1923-1924); 6BU Perth (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgan River, WA, 1910; West Perth, WA, 1916-1917); science master (Crawley, WA, 1925-1937)

===''MCKELLAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKellar|McKellar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rudolph Warren McKellar|McKellar, Rudolph Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWNZ-17F] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJAT Melbourne (Toorak, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, enlisted, not called up for duty); WW2 (2AIF, Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1925); manager (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1968)

===''MCKENNA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenna|McKenna, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Mathew McKenna|McKenna, Archibald Mathew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G554-45L] - 1917(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2WB Sydney (Five Dock, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1512, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Yamba, NSW, 1980)

===''MCKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenzie|McKenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander John McKenzie|McKenzie, Alexander John]] - 1905(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Bruce Alexander McKenzie|McKenzie, Bruce Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH3-NBY] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3VF Melbourne (Preston, 1935-1939); 3VF Geelong (Drysdale, 1947-1948); 3VF Melbourne (Croydon, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1539, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943; Drysdale, Vic, 1949); radio mechanic (Croydon, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Cecil Roland McKenzie|McKenzie, Cecil Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-L7Q] - 1899(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Sydney (Watson's Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; electrical fitter apprentice (Warburton Franki, 1915-1917); WW1 (Private, 2nd Bat AIF, 1917-1920; gassed France 1918, invalided); WW2 (Staff Skipper, RANVR, 1944)- draftsman (-1930-1958) - Relationships: husband of 2GA-2FV Florence Violet Granville - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958)

* McKenzie, Florence Violet  (married name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/Kenneth Adam McKenzie|McKenzie, Kenneth Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-Y26] - 1914(Vic)-2014(Vic)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1877, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1977; Box Hill North, Vic, 1980)

===''MCKEONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKeone|McKeone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Charles McKeone|McKeone, James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6JC-Y1F] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3CV Melbourne (Essendon, 1935-1939); 3JY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1554, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newmarket, Vic, 1921-1925; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1927-1936); railway employee (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MCKEOWN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan McIllroy McKeown|McKeown, Allan McIllroy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69J-SFC] - 1904(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3YZ Melbourne (Alphington, 1924-1927); 3YZ Geelong (1931); 3YZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1933-1939, 1946-1969); 3YZ Ocean Grove (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 51, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 42, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1936-1954; Alphington, 1968); nil (Ocean Grove, 1972-1977)

===''MCKINLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Harold McKinley|McKinley, Norman Harold &quot;Shorty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWGP-TLC] - 1913(???)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 969, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Milton, Qld, 1949-1972); driver (Paddington, Qld, 1980)

===''MCLAUCHLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles David McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Charles David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYL6-PYY] - 1876(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 6BW Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923); 6BW Perth (Victoria Park, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1906; Perth, 1910-1916); telegraph engineer (Victoria Park, 1925); superintendent telegraphs (South Yarra, 1931; Camberwell, 1937-1943)

===''MCLAUGHLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLaughlin|McLaughlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* See also McLauchlan

* See also McLoughlin

* [[/William Reuben McLaughlin|McLaughlin, William Reuben]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMF-Q14] - 1904(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1932-1937); 2ML Taree (1938); 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1939; Mosman, 1946-1950); 3AMY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1965; Ringwood East, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1061, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943); proprietor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958); radio technician (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963); technician (Ringwood East, Vic, 1968)

===''MCLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLean|McLean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stewart Campbell McLean|McLean, Stewart Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86G-PMR] - 1910(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3GK Melbourne (Yarraville, 1930-1933; Brunswick, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; Caulfield, 1960); 3AIA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 601, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 65, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarraville, 1931-1936); nil (Elsternwick, 1954); engineer (Caulfield, 1958-1980)

===''MCLENNAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth McLennan|McLennan, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9H-B4N] - 1892(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 124, 1915; 2COCP 185, 1930; 1COCP 238, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous KMcLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCLEOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLeod|McLeod, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McLeod|McLeod, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMKJ-L25] - 1972(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4CF Receive Brisbane (Red Hill, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Red Hill, 1903-1905); pastrycook (Red Hill, 1908-1926; Mt Bruce, 1929-1943)

* [[/Gordon Stuart McLeod|McLeod, Gordon Stuart or Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-38Y] - 1912(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 3ZZ Geelong (West Geelong, 1930-1931; Newtown, 1933); 2RU Sydney (Kogarah, 1935; Enfield, 1936); 3ZZ Geelong (Crib Point, 1937; Wallington, 1938); 2ADC Sydney (Sans Souci, 1939; Hurstville, 1946-1947; Beverley Hills, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 707, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Crib Point, Vic, 1937); petty officer RAN (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); clerk (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Herbert Allan McLeod|McLeod, Herbert Allan &quot;Allan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLB-YFG] - 1915(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3YR Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1933); 3AHM Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1948; Aspendale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 994, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Richmond, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949); technical officer (Carrum, Vic, 1954-1968; Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman McLeod|McLeod, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86P-8F2] - 1901(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3NM Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 602, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Caulfield, 1937-1968)

* [[/Norman James McLeod|McLeod, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK7-SCW] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 2PM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Greenwich, 1935-1936; Artarmon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 939, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 172, 1938; AIR1 4, 1939; COCP1 261, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Pilot Officer, 10 Sqdn, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1936); electrical fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1716727 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=98021 RAF Commands]; [https://www.facebook.com/rafcommand/photos/this-well-worn-sunderland-iii-w4004z-coded-rb-z-of-no-10-squadron-raaf-has-just-/807939482876236/?locale=hi_IN&amp;paipv=0&amp;eav=Afb4brXKggt7tJAxg7ngyMVMHLg2UozgHsnnZvzuguk1v9yNpf8dTYamtXan_MOYRbo&amp;_rdr Photo of salvaged plane] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCLOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/E. C. McLoughlin|McLoughlin, E. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5KJ Port Lincoln (1928-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MCMAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMahon|McMahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Hanney McMahon|McMahon, Leo Hanney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD8-XQH] - 1914(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 4LM Brisbane (Toombul, 1933-1938); 2ALM Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1939); 2AC Sydney (Kingsford, 1946-1950; Randwick, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1104, 1933, Qld) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, AMC); occupation (doctor) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MCMANAMEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William McManamey|McManamey, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1ZX-29T] - 1895(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XIR Sydney (Milson's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1937); company executive (Killara, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Killara, NSW, 1968-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIR - William McManamey&quot;

===''MCMASTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/D. C. McMaster|McMaster, D. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IZ Receive Cassilis (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: 
* [[/John McMaster|McMaster, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls:

===''MCMATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMath|McMath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Joseph McMath|McMath, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KG-ZK2] - 1910(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3JJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1927-1939; South Melbourne, 1946-1960; Elwood, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 351, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968; Black Rock, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''MCMILLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMillan|McMillan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Chestnut McMillan|McMillan, Joseph Chestnut]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-8TG] - 1901(Sct)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 7BP Receive Hobart (City, 1923); 7BP Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1928)

===''MCMURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMurray|McMurray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McMurray|McMurray, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4W-BTZ] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AEV Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1820, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: section manager (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1958); assistant manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1958); manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Curng, NSW, 1980)

===''MCMURTRIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Adam McMurtrie|McMurtrie, Sydney Adam or Adam Sydney &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQM-DQW] - 1908(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4JR Booval (1929-1933); 2AFX Lismore (1937-1939); 4KT Gympie (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 491, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Gympie, 1936); radio salesman (Lismore, 1937); telephone mechanic (Gympie, 1943-1980)
===''MCNAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNair|McNair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James McNair|McNair, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6K-TB3] - 1891(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XPI Melbourne (Brunswick West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Brunswick, Vic, 1914-1922; St Kilda, Vic, 1924; Brunswick West, Vic, 1927-1977)

===''MCNALLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNally|McNally, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Cornelius McNally|McNally, Roy Cornelius or Cornelius Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF9-TLQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CE Berriwillock (1931-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 775, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Berriwillock, Vic, 1928-1977)

===''MCNALTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNalty|McNalty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph McNalty|McNalty, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXW-67M] - 1901(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DZ Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Mackay, Qld, 1930-1943); public servant (Fairfield, Qld, 1949); clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1954); telegraphist (St Lucia, Qld, 1958)

===''MCNAMARA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNamara|McNamara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sidney McNamara|McNamara, John Sidney or Sydney &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55R-7ZL] - 1915(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2EQ Sydney (Oatley, 1935-1937; Hornsby, 1938-1939; Randwick, 1946-1947; Oatley, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1483, 1935, NSW; BOCP 566, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1943); musician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Staunton McNamara|McNamara, Staunton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-VYS] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5ZH Blackwood (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2174, 1938, SA; BOCP 268, 1939; TVOCP 232, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''MCNICOL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNicol|McNicol, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Edgar McNicol|McNicol, Robert William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-6NN] - 1917(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4WM Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1680, 1936, Qld; BOCP 57, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Teneriffe, Qld, 1943); university lecturer (Tarragindi, Qld, 1954-1972)

===''MCNIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99V6-PW7] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1795, 1936, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: government employee (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1924; Echuca, Vic, 1927); telegraphist (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); salesman (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); postmaster (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963)

===''MCPHERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McPherson|McPherson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin John McPherson|McPherson, Colin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H3-CBF] - 1914(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2VO West Maitland (1933-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1134, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Maitland, NSW, 1936-1954); projectionist (Maitland East, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Colin Thomas McPherson|McPherson, Colin Thomas or Thomas Collins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-HST] - 1897(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3LU Melbourne (Footscray, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 523, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Field Artillery Brigade, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: student (Footscray, 1919); storeman (Footscray, 1922-1942)

* [[/Ewen Cameron McPherson|McPherson or Macpherson, Ewen or Ewen Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5MS-M88] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XABO Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 169, 1915 (Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator (Navy, pre-WW1); WW1 (Army, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Troop, Sapper-Corporal-Sergeant, 1916-1918, Invalided) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Clarenza, NSW, 1913); radio telegraphist (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Murdoch John McPherson|McPherson, Murdoch or Murdock John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/27D9-9TB] - 1904(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4MC Merinda (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 916, 1926; 2COCP 58, 1929; 1COCP 161, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Merinda, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1929); clerk (Mt Coolah, NSW, 1968)

===''MCTAGGART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McTaggart|McTaggart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Kenneth McTaggart|McTaggart, Frederick Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQT-DYW] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3NW Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939; Glen Iris, 1947-1948; South Camberwell, 1954-1956; Hawthorn East, 1960-1969); 3NW Woori Yallock (1975); 3NW Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+); 3ANW Portable Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947; South Camberwell, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1285, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954); scientist (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; St Kilda, Vic, 1972); retired (Box Hill, Vic, 1980)

===''MCVINISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McVinish|McVinish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Robertson McVinish|McVinish, James Robertson or Robertson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNR-BDH] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4MV Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2363, 1939, Qld; COCP2 1068, 1946; COCP1 1226, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); radio technician (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1972); technician (Sunnybank Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MEAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mead|Mead, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Mead|Mead, Jack]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-ZSH] - 1915(WA)-2009(WA) - Licences: 6LJ Perth (East Victoria Park, 1931-1939; Wembley, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 803, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 168, 1934; 1COCP 289, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Victoria Park, WA, 1937); mechanic (Wembley, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Jordan Arthur Mead|Mead, Jordan Arthur or Arthur Jordan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTJF-1KH] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1924); 2JA Sydney (Ashfield, 1925-1928); 2JA Byron Bay (1929-1930); 2AJA Sydney (Ashfield, 1946; Bexley, 1947-1957); 2JM Sydney (Bexley, 1958-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 212, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Byron Bay, NSW, 1930; Ashfield, NSW, 1931-1943); power technician (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1968); electrical field officer (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William James Mead|Mead, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZK-L78] - 1915(SA)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JM Adelaide (Walkerville, 1947-1948; Ferryden Park, 1954); 4BM Brisbane (Gumdale, 1955-1956; Mitchelton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2267, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Malvern, SA, 1943; Gumdale, Qld, 1958; Mitchelton, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''MEADOWS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Meadows|Meadows, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-ZRK] - 1907(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 4RM Mackay (1932-1939);  2ARM Sydney (Kirribilli, 1946-1948); 2IN Sydney (Rhodes, 1956-1958; Chiswick, 1960; Long Jetty, 1961; Killarney Vale, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 879, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (Pems Radio, Rockhampton); journalist (Minchens Electrical Weekly); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: reporter (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1932); radiotrician (Mackay, 1934-1937); wireless instructor (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); manager (Rhodes, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Five Dock, NSW, 1958; Killarney Vale, NSW, 1963)

===''MEDHURST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medhurst|Medhurst, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Edney Medhurst|Medhurst, Edgar Edney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-WFC] - 1902(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Eric Charles Medhurst|Medhurst, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-5RC] - 1915(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1947; Caringbah, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1350, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); charge hand (Yowie Bay, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frederick William Medhurst|Medhurst, Frederick William &quot;Pop&quot; (in latter years)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4GS-R6P] - 1868(Eng)-1969(Tas) 101yo - Licences: XZD Hobart (1913-1914); 7AH Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923); 7AH Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1924-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter from 1901; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (Medhurst &amp; Sons, 1920s) - Relationships: father of  Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst, all in the business and interested in radio

* [[/Harry Frederick Medhurst|Medhurst, Harry Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-QZV] - 1893(Tas)-1963(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Phillip Aubrey Medhurst|Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-DFX] - 1895(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Rowland Arthur Medhurst|Medhurst, Rowland Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-ZT4] - 1892(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, lecturing on wireless 1911, never licensed, likely utilised licence of XZD-7AH (father), son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst

===''MEDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medley|Medley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David John Medley|Medley, David John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-K4J] - 1919(Eng)-2010(USA)90yo - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939; Melbourne CBD, 1947; Carlton, 1948); 5AE Portable Darwin (1948); 3DL Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2116, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Melbourne University, Carlton, Vic, 1943); engineer (Civil Aviation, Darwin, NT, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954); teller? (Unanderra. NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MEDLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medlin|Medlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel James Clifford Medlin|Medlin, Noel James Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MB-743] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (ABCB); federal public servant (ABCB); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, 1943; St Kilda, 1949; Camberwell, 1954-1977); retired (Inverloch, 1980) - Comment: father of AM directional antennas in Australia

===''MENON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey John Menon|Menon, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-3CQ] - 1905(SA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 3OG Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3OG Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1927); 2OG Sydney (Haberfield, 1928; Croydon, 1929-1931); 3OG Melbourne (East Kew, 1933); 2OG Sydney (Northbridge, 1934-1935; Chatswood, 1936-1937; Longueville, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Pymble, 1950; West Pennant Hills, 1954-1965; Arcadia, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 209, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda West, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1934); radio engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Longueville, NSW, 1943); engineer (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954-1958; Arcadia, NSW, 1968)

===''MERCHIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie George Merchin|Merchin, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTLT-SSF] - 1917(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ML Richmond (1934-1939); 4MG Richmond (1948); 4MG Killarney (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1399, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Richmond, Qld, 1943-1949); motor mechanic (Killarney, Qld, 1954-1968; Rockhampton North, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MEREDITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement George Benger Meredith|Meredith, Clement George Benger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJD-6S6] - 1885(WA)-1959(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 15, 1914 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1916); officer-in-charge wireless (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917)
* [[/Llewellyn Lennon Meredith|Meredith, Llewellyn Lennon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8W-LV7] - 1885(Eng)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 246, 1916 - ship wireless officer, AWA (traffic manager) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Gone too soon - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_04_04#P.22_-_Obituary_-_Mr._L._L._Meredith|Obit]]
===''MESSENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Messenger|Messenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percival Albert Messenger|Messenger, Percival Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRP-BS1] - 1892(SA)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 5PM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 70, 1915 (Marconi); CPRT 152, 1915 (Balsillie) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manager (Randwick, NSW, 1936; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''MEYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyer|Meyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Cecil Meyer|Meyer, Frederick Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G254-32B] - 1914(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AGY Sydney (Annandale, 1937-1938); 2AGY Newcastle (Waratah, 1939; Newcastle, 1946-1950; North Lambton, 1954; Newcastle, 1955-1961; Highfields, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1910, 1937, NSW; COCP2 150, 1938; COCP1 555, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 
constable (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Waratah, NSW, 1943); police constable (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; North Lambton, NSW, 1954); shopkeeper (Newcastle, NSW, 1958); business proprietor (Highfields, NSW, 1963); cleaner (Newcastle, NSW, 1968); hospital employee (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MEYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyers|Meyers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Samuel Meyers|Meyers, Leo Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-485] - 1915(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946; Yagoona, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1397, 1934, NSW; AOCP1 7, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943); electrical mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Morris Henry Meyers|Meyers, Morris Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93NK-C56] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2VN Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1939, 1946-1948; Killara, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1477, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mosman, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1529423 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1681488 VWM]

===''MIATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arthur Miatt|Miatt, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJB-QNV] - 1890(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAR Sydney (Botany, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''MICHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Michell|Michell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hector Ernest Henderson Michell|Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNQ-T5H] - 1897(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3JP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3JP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1931; Elsternwick, 1933); 3JP Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AEM Hamilton (1960-1969); 3JX Hamilton (1975-1980+); operator of 3LR Elsternwick Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 162, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Army Veterinary Corps, Anzac Mounted Division, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Balaclava, 1919-1921); draftsman (Caulfield, 1922); land officer (Hamilton, 1936-1980)

===''MIDDLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Middleton|Middleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Middleton|Middleton, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSF-1MV] - 1901(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2SU Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1939); 2RE Sydney (CBD, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943); technician (Beresfield, NSW, 1954)

===''MIKKELSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mikkelsen|Mikkelsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Clein Mikkelsen|Middleton, Gordon Clein]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB47-NHW] - 1916(Vic)-2008(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3XV Melbourne (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1917, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: spring maker (Coburg, Vic, 1942); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Doncaster East, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MILBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Leslie Milburn|Milburn, Henry Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-8VJ] - 1890(Vic)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Home Hill (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowong, 1919); electrical engineer (Home Hill, 1922-1925; Stanthorpe, 1934-1949) - Halcyon: not mentioned?

===''MILES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gilbert Thomas Miles|Miles, Gilbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-X19] - 1904(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3II Receive Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1922); 3II Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1924-1925); 3KQ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1937); 7KQ Hobart (Bellerive, 1937-1939); 2KI Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1969; Campsie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1019, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 106, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1931); engineer (Elsternwick, 1936); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1972); engineer (Croydon, 1977-1980)
* [[/Harry Raymond Miles|Miles, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NJ-DQ2] - 1911(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1933); 6XL Wiluna (1937); 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 645, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wiluna Gold Mines, WA, 1936; Mt Beauty, Vic, 1954); poultry farmer (Balga, WA, 1958-1972); farmer (Wanneroo, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Eric Mill|Mill, William Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9779-JP8] - 1896(SA)-1980(WA) - Licences: XYAG Burbanks (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1919; Balkatta, WA, 1921-1922; North Perth, WA, 1925); electrical engineer (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; Maylands, WA, 1949-1968; Inglewood, WA, 1972-1980)
===''MILLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roydon Arthur Milledge|Milledge, Roydon Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMJY-3DW] - 1903(Vic)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 3WT Shepparton (1936-1937); 7WT Hobart (1938-1939); 7WT Ulverstone (1947-1948+); 7WT Hobart (1956-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1693, 1936, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; bank clerk 1931; Civil Engineer 1950s - Electoral Rolls: assistant engineer (State Savings Bank, Auburn, 1927); engineer (Glenhuntley, 1931-1934); civil engineer (Shepparton, 1936)

===''MILLEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millen|Millen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice see Joyce Alice Ward

* [[/John Dunlop Millen|Millen, John Dunlop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC9X-S4W] - 1877(Irl)-1941(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; senator - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Waratah, 1914-1919; Newstead, 1922-1937)

* [[/Dudley Robert Millen|Millen, Dudley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y9-9Z3] - 1908(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3EA Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922); 2DU Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1932-1936); 2LQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1051, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2DU amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2DU Dubbo commercial service - Relationships: Husband of 2MI Joyce Alice Millen nee - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1968); mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972)

===''MILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Miller|Miller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Howard Miller|Miller, Adrian Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-18L] - 1916(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Melbourne (Canterbury, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Glen Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2069, 1938, Vic; BOCP 428, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); accountant (Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Croydon, Vic, 1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Arthur Albert Case Miller|Miller, Arthur Albert Case]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNFH-2N1] - 1895(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XLP Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (AIF, AMTS) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); motor engineer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Gunnedah, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Charles Alexander Miller|Miller, Charles Alexander &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-YRR] - 1915(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4US Brisbane (New Farm, 1933-1936); 2ADE Casino (1935-1939, 1946-1961); 4QM Caloundra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1208, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Casino, 1943-1963); army officer (Ipswich, 1963); retired (Shelley Beach, 1968-1972; Caloundra, 1977-1980)

* [[/Charles Harcourt Miller|Miller, Charles Harcourt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-9QY] - 1921(Tas)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7CM Hobart (Bellerive, 1936-1939; Taroona, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1799, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Bellerive, 1943)

* [[/Francis George Miller|Miller, Francis George &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-LHT] - 1895(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BF Mt Gambier (1923-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 185, 1925, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 58, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; founder of commercial station 5MU Murray Bridge; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Murray Bridge, 1939-1943) [https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/FrankMiller.pdf Biography]

* [[/Frank Colin Miller|Miller, Frank Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9C-86L] - 1884(Eng)-1953(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 126, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engine operator (Radio Station, Roebourne, 1916-1917); station hand (Marron Station, 1918; Carnarvon, 1921; Mallina, 1922-1925); contractor (Roebourne, 1930-1936; Karratha Station, 1937); labourer (Roebourne, 1943); cook (Wittenoom Gorge, 1949)

* [[/H. Miller|Miller, H.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4EH Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1924); 2EH Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert Edward Miller|Miller, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-XMX] - 1899(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HE Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 932, 1926; 2COCP 329, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Campsie, 1930; Belmore, 1932-1943); miner (Glen Davis, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Miller|Miller, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-7LH] - 1897(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4CA Receive Brisbane (West End, 1922); 4HL Brisbane (Hill End, 1927) - Qualifications: CPRT 330, 1917; 2COCP 329, 1940; 1COCP 483, 1940s; BOCP 370, 1941 - ship wireless officer (RMS Bingera, 1920); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (J. B. Chandler, 1924; Overells, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (West End, 1921); salesman (West End, 1925); manager (Coorparoo, 1928); salesman (Coorparoo, 1937-1954); clerk (Camp Hill, 1958-1963)

* [[/Ivan Vinal Miller|Miller, Ivan Vinal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57T-58R] - 1911(NSW)-1972(Aus) - Licences: 2EG Quirindi (1933); 3EG Tallangatta (1937-1939); 3EG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1168, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Quirindi, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1933; Tallangatta, Vic, 1934-1942; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954)

===''MILLERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millerd|Millerd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gerald Frederick Millerd|Millerd, Gerald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-66L] - 1915(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3XT Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1630, 1936, Vic; BOCP 1295, 1953; TVOCP 26, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MILLIGAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stanley Hugh Milligan|Milligan, Stanley Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2CB1-L7Y] - 1901(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3AU Receive Geelong (1922-1923); 3AU Geelong (1924); 3AU Eaglehawk (1924-1926); 3AU Chilwell (1927-1931); 3AU Geelong (1937-1939); 3AU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947; Auburn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 125, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 164, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Eaglehawk, 1924-1926; Geelong West, 1924); radio mechanic (Chilwell, 1927-1931); watchman (Geelong West, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Hawthorn, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, 1954-1968); nil (Doncaster, 1972)
===''MILLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mills|Mills, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Griffiths John Mills|Mills, Griffiths John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CK Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Subiaco, WA, 1929-1931)

* [[/Leopold Benjamin Bertram Mills|Mills, Leopold Benjamin Bertram or Benjamin Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY8-4NL] - 1923(NSW)-2016(NSW)93yo - Licences: 2AJN Sydney (Port Hacking, 1938-1939); 2AJE Sydney (Point Piper, 1948; Strathfield, 1950; Caringbah, 1954-1961; Cronulla, 1965-1968; Dover Heights, 1975; Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2108, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1958); solicitor (Cronulla, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Norman Gibson Mills|Mills, Norman Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9415-SSS] - 1890(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 4NM Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Margate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, Qld, 1919); contractor (Moorooka, Qld, 1921-1954); retired (Margate, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Ralph Mervyn Mills|Mills, Ralph Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JD-GST] - 1909(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Balmain, 1930-1934; Canterbury, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 660, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Balmain, NSW, 1931-1937); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1977; West Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William John Mills|Mills, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB37-DBR] - 1911(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QB Maffra (1937); 3QB Moe (1938-1939); 3QB Newport (1947); 3QB Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1948-1969; Mentone, 1975; Carrum, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1846, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Maffra, Vic, 1936-1937; Army?, wife at Kyabram, Vic, 1942); bank officer (Mentone, Vic, 1949-1954; Mordialloc East, Vic, 1963-1968); manager (Mentone, Vic, 1977); retired (Carrum, Vic, 1980)

===''MILNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Brough Milne|Milne, Andrew Brough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KXN-QZV] - 1890(South Africa)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Dealer Mackay (1926-1927) - Qualifications: 3COCP 3492, 1961 - dealer licence - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Mackay, 1915-1943); mechanical engineer (North Mackay, 1949-1977)
* [[/John Collicott Milne|Milne, John Collicott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP34-518] - 1903(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7AG Gretna (1923-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 604, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gretna, 1928-1980)
===''MILNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milner|Milner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Milner|Milner, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7W-W4D] - 1908(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6GF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 788, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1931; North Beach, WA, 1936-1937); RAAF (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/James Milner|Milner, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXH-1DM] - 1901(Eng)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4AK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1923-1927; Ashgrove, 1931-1936); 4AU Brisbane (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 93, 1925, No. 11 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (prominent from Valley Theatre) - Withdrawal: 4AK amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 4AK Oakey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kelvin Grove, 1925-1926); electrical fitter (Ashgrove, 1928-1943)

===''MILTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milton|Milton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Willis Milton|Milton, Harry Willis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DSK-S68] - 1904(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2NM Mudgee (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1185, 1933, NSW; BOCP 244, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop keeper (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); electrician (Mudgee, NSW, 1935-1936); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Gulgong, NSW, 1949-1954); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958); retired (Mudgee, NSW, 1963-1968; Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''MINCHIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Minchin|Minchin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur W. Minchin|Minchin, Arthur W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4RO Cmcl); wireless retail business proprietor - seems in error, see William Allan Minchin 

* [[/William Allan Minchin|Minchin, William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV7Q-86C] - 1893(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 220, 1916; 2COCP 365, 1931; 1COCP 244, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer operator (Wyndham, 1917); farmer (Toodyay, 1925); radio engineer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943; Lismore, 1949-1954; Hunters Hill, 1958-1968); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1972)

===''MINEHAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Minehan|Minehan, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MINGAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mingay|Mingay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oswald Francis Mingay|Mingay, Oswald Francis &quot;Ossie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K45G-NZG] - 1895(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Turramurra, 1923-1926; Sydney, 1931-1933) -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; journalist; publisher; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Collaroy, 1930); managing editor (Pymble, 1930-1932); radio engineer (Lindfield, 1933-1934); publisher (Lindfield, 1937-1963; St Ives, 1963-1968) - Comment: licensed operator of 2WV Burgin Electric Co. (1923) - TroveTag: &quot;2XX - Oswald Francis Mingay&quot; - Links: [[w:Oswald Francis Mingay|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mingay-oswald-francis-ossie-11135 ADB]; [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Mingay.htm MacKinnon]

===''MINTO''===

* [[/Jack Carrick Minto|Minto, Jack or John Carrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW3-21W] - 1909(Thailand)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1594, 1935, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); manager (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MITCHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Theodore Mitchell|Mitchell, Alexander Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-CC2] - 1872(???)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Receive Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Red Hill, Qld, 1921; Torwood, Qld, 1922); electrical engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Wilston, Qld, 1928-1929; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1963)

* [[/Dudley McRae Mitchell|Mitchell, Dudley McRae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDX-6HD] - 1911(NSW)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 9DM Watut River, New Guinea (1938); 4NYN Labrador (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q559, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Tahmor, NSW, 1949); engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1949); clerk (Darra, Qld, 1963; Margate, Qld, 1963); plant operator (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1977)

* [[/Harold Benson Mitchell|Mitchell, Harold Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-QN7] - 1901(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3CZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Elwood, 1924-1927); manager (Caulfield, 1937); manufacturer (Caulfield, 1942); manager (Caulfield, 1949); merchant (St Kilda, 1949); manager (St Kilda, 1954)

* Mitchell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; - see Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; (frequent misspelling)

* [[/John Athol James Mitchell|Mitchell, John Athol James &quot;Athol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTHV-CY2] - 1913(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923); 2JA Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2JA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938); 2JA Albury (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1248, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937); manager (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Robert Stanley Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99W8-5H2] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AID Wagga Wagga (1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2011, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ronald James Mitchell|Mitchell, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV9-D28] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AGJ Sydney (Roseville, 1937-1939; Lindfield, 1946-1950); 4GQ Woombye (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1902, 1937, NSW; BOCP 238, 1939; COCP3 3562, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Camaray, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); farmer (Woombye, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Stanley John Mitchell|Mitchell, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-Q83] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Monaco) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 53, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toorak, 1912-1916; Brighton, 1919-1928); investor (Brighton, 1936-1937) financier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

* [[/William Thomas Seabrook Mitchell|Mitchell, William Thomas Seabrook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9J-XT7] - 1916(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3UM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2046, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Malvern East, Vic, 1937); soldier (Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''MOFFATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moffatt|Moffatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert David Gray Moffatt|Moffatt or Moffat or Gray, Robert David Gray &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8V-PM3] - 1911(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RD Mackay (1935-1939); 4RD Gracemere (1947-1948); 4RD Mackay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1549, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Herberton, Qld, 1936; Mackay, Qld, 1937); mechanic in broadcasting (Gracemere, Qld, 1949); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MOGINIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moginie|Moginie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Kuhler Moginie|Moginie, Campbell Kuhler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K7-NN4] - 1903(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 2CN Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934-1936; North Brighton, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1257, 1934, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Homebush, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1932); audit clerk  (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1933); clerk (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1935-1936; North Brighton, NSW, 1937); auditor (Bexley North, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949); accountant (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MONCUR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Phillip Moncur|Moncur, Leonard Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZL-M8N] - 1912(Vic)-1997(???) - Licences: 3LN Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 810, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''MONEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Dudley Money|Money, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JD-M9H] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3MY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1939; Upwey, 1946-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 205, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Camberwell, 1931-1934); engineer (Upwey, 1942-1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1967; East Bentleigh, 1972-1980)

===''MONKHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Isaac Monkhouse|Monkhouse, Walter Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8ZT-YPN] - 1887(NZL)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio clubs (QWI &amp; WIA Qld, president &amp; lecturer); senior state public servant (Qld Public Works Dept, State Electrical Engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as president WIA Qld)  - Electoral Rolls: telephone instructor (South Brisbane, 1919); engineer (Teneriffe, 1925; New Farm, 1928; Taringa, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Bardon, 1958-1963)
===''MONKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Brendan Monks|Monks, Alfred Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-444] - 1894(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AAB Melbourne (Diamond Creek, 1948; Northcote, 1954-1960; Preston, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 571, 1920; 2COCP 272, 1930; 1COCP 282, 1932 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1915) - Relationships: twin brother of 7BR Cyril Wilson Monks - Electoral Rolls: Western Electric engineer (East Sydney, 1930); licensee Railway Commercial Hotel (Albury, 1931-1932); radio telegraphist (Centennial Park, 1943); radio officer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, 1967-1972)
* [[/Cyril Wilson Monks|Monks, Cyril Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-96N] - 1894(Tas)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 7BR Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 225, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1919); WW2 - Relationships: twin brother of 3AAB Alfred Brendan Monks - Electoral Rolls: federal civil servant (Battery Point, 1928); public servant (Bellerive, 1936-1937); radio inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1943; Nedlands, 1949); retired (Frankston, 1972)
===''MONTEATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monteath|Monteath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Monteath|Monteath, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-C1X] - 1895(Vic)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 3VM Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1923-1924); 3KP Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 694, 1930, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Prahran, Vic, 1919; Elsternwick, Vic, 1921); mercer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); photographer (Glenmore, NSW, 1934-1935; Ashfield, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (Rockdale, NSW, 1943)

===''MONTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monty|Monty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Hector Urban Monty|Monty, Raymond Hector Urban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53F-BK9] - 1894(Italy)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XACC Sydney (Surry Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1st Signals Troop, 1914-1919, served Gallipoli); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1980)

===''MOODY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Percy Moody|Moody, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D9-KLG] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FM Cairns (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 967, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Rockhampton North, 1925-1926); accountant (Cairns, 1926-1949); radio dealer (Cairns, 1954-1980)
* [[/Gilbert Charles Moody|Moody, Gilbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF81-8QD] - 1914(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Spotswood, 1934-1939, 1947-1969); 4AK Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1306, 1934, Vic; BOCP, 1554, 1957; TVOCP 111, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: nil (Middle Park, Vic, 1936; Newport, Vic, 1937-1949); engineer (Newport, Vic, 1963-1968); broadcast officer (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MOORE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moore|Moore, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Ernest Moore|Moore, Albert Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KW6D-TMT] - 1916(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4VCM Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q728, 1980, Qld - amateur operator; prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer; clubs (All-Wave All-World DX Club; Shortwave League of Western Australia; Australian Radio DX Club; New Zealand Radio DX League; Southern Cross DX Club; DX Australia) - QSLs: portion (200+) of later QSL collection survives (ARDXC/NFSA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (New Farm, Qld, 1937-1968); trades assistant (New Farm, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Bruce Belgium Moore|Moore, Bruce Belgium or Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR67-J9T] - 1916(NSW)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 2ACN Bathurst (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1744, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous BMs - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1167098 VWM]

* [[/Edward Alfred Moore|Moore, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-7ZF] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2ABG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1523, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: poultry expert (Arncliffe, NSW, 1931-1933); radio technician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1934-1958) 

* [[/Eric Boughton Moore|Moore, Eric Boughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSK-T7X] - 1912(Vic)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 3QN Panton Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1957, 1937, Vic; COCP2 318, 1940; COCP1 342, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); officer in charge (DCA, Alstonville, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Dubbo, NSW, 1958-1968); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Coffs Harbour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric John Theodore Moore|Moore, Eric John Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD91-7LN] - 1894(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEM Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923); 2EM Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 161, 1915; 2COCP 237, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: UK merchant seaman medal - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bronte, 1934-1937)

* [[/Francis Leonard Moore|Moore, Francis Leonard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1924(NSW) - Licences: 2?? Sydney - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Archibald John Shaw, Maritime Wireless Co, United Distributors) - Comment: electrocuted while conducting wireless experiments

* [[/Grattan Leslie Moore|Moore, Grattan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZK-V1J] - 1916(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3ALJ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1935, 1954-1955; Malvern, 1956-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1453, 1935, Vic; COCP1 934, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); engineer (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963-1968; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972; Caulfield North, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Louis James Murphy Moore|Moore, Louis James Murphy &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L45W-GS4] - 1888(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3LO Receive Seymour (1923); 3LO Seymour (1924-1925); 3MS Seymour (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 85, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Clifton Hill, 1909); telegraphist (Collingwood, 1912-1914); wireless operator (Collingwood, 1917-1919); telegraphist (Elsternwick, 1922); clerk (Seymour, 1924-1931; Bentleigh, 1936-1949); guesthouse proprietor (Healesville, 1954); clerk (Oakleigh, 1963-1968) - Withdrawal: Likely 3LO callsign withdrawn for allocation to 3LO Melbourne Class A

* [[/Maxwell John Moore|Moore, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-S7J] - 1916(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2II Dubbo (1935-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1507, 1935, NSW; BOCP 63, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1954)

* [[/Milton Powell Moore|Moore, Milton Powell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTML-KJG] - 1915(WA)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2LI Sydney (Clovelly, 1938, 1947-1950); 2LI Darkes Forest (1954); 2LI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1961; La Perouse, 1965; Randwick, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2138, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Subiaco, WA, 1937); traveller (Randwick, NSW, 1949); ??? (Darkes Forest, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1958); teacher (La Perouse, NSW, 1963); technical teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1968); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William McInnes Moore|Moore, William McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4K-WXR] - 1911(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1935; Cremorne, 1936; Lindfield, 1937-1939); 2HZ Woollongong (1946); 2HZ Springwood (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 792, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foundry inspector (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936); Water Board Inspector (Gordon, NSW, 1937); engineer (Springwood, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Sibbald Moore|Moore, William Sibbald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDC-89C] - 1915(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1818, 1936, WA; COCP2 236, 1939; COCP1 431, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); draughtsman (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MOORHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Martin Moorhouse|Moorhouse or Moorehouse, Herbert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJPG-1HL] - 1899(Tas)-1990(WA) - Licences: 7HM Hobart (North Hobart, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart South, 1922); carpenter (New Town, 1928); carrier (Hobart North, 1936); motordriver (Queensborough, 1949)

===''MORAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moran|Moran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Donald Moran|Moran, Cyril Donald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast technician at 4QG under Qld Government; state public servant (4QG)

===''MORGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morgan|Morgan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Mowbray Morgan|Morgan, Donald Mowbray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP7-218] - 1907(NSW)-1988(Tas) - Licences: T749 Receive Glebe (1922); Receive Glebe (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Huonville, 1928-1972)

* [[/Ivor Morgan|Morgan, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRSY-S8G] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3DH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1933; Shepparton, 1937; East Malvern 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 605, 1930, Vic; BOCP 20, 1936; TVOCP, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936); broadcast engineer (3SR Shepparton, Vic, 1937); technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1943-1977) - Relationships: Father of 3ZFM Vincent Ivor Morgan

* [[/Reginald George Morgan|Morgan, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-D7H] - 1914(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6RM Perth (City, 1931); 2AJS Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939); 2ABM Sydney (Coogee, 1946-1950; Bankstown, 1954-1958; Greenacre, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 755, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1949);  electrical mechanic (Bankstown East, NSW, 1954); mechanic (Greenacre, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/William Albert Morgan|Morgan, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HVG-8PW] - 1899(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart West, 1922); electrical fitter (New Town, 1928-1937); fitter (New Town, 1943-1954); manager (Montrose, 1963)

===''MORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morley|Morley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry Morley|Morley Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXD-Z7X] - 1902(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Receive Watersleigh (1923); 2WU Watersleigh (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coogee, NSW, 1930); aviation engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1936); aircraft engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1949); company director (Randwick, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris|Morris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John William Morris|Morris, Albert John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-Y2J] - 1873(Tas)-1940(Tas) - Licences: 7BS Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Morris|Morris, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L84C-KPV] - 1876(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDS Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous AHMs - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1903); instrument fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1905-1909); mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1912-1916); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1919; Deepdene, Vic, 1922-1927; Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Cecil Ralph Newman Morris|Morris, Cecil Ralph Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MW-YGT] - 1906(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923); 4CN Brisbane (Rosalie, 1928); 4LW Brisbane (Rosalie, 1929-1933; Ashgrove, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 398, 1928, No. 45 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; technician (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Rosalie, 1928); postal mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1954); supervising technician (Rosalie, 1958-1968)

* [[/George William Morris|Morris, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V7-XWS] - 1911(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2VP Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1937; Naremburn, 1938); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1947; North Sydney, 1948-1950; Narrabeen North, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1291, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous GWMs - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1934); wireless service (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); bus driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; North Narrabeen, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Glynn Ian Elliott Morris|Morris, Glynn Ian Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XG-9TS] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1930-1939; Parkdale, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 621, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mordialloc, 1931-1937); mechanic (Mentone, 1943); official (Mentone, 1949-1968); secretary (Mentone, 1972-1980)

* [[/Jack Dudley Morris|Morris, Jack Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2R-NMZ] - 1914(Vic)-1944(At Sea) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933, pirate); 3DQ Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1244, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Major, mention in despatches) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Oakleigh, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/640516 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1509898 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Alexander Morris|Morris, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53X-F8D] - 1893(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAM Sydney (Haberfield, NSW, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance representative (North Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1937); insurance agent (Concord West, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/John Taylor Morris|Morris, John Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8C-9SP] - 1914(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6TX Perth (Mosman, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Subiaco, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2136, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Geraldton, WA, 1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles William Morris|Morris, Richard Charles William (BDM) or Charles Richard William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW7-56S] - 1922(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4MT Rockhampton (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3210, 1951, Qld; BOCP 1460, 1956 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, 1949); electrical fitter (Rockhampton, 1954-1963); radio technician/electrician (Rockhampton, 1968-1972); radio technician (Rockhampton, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald David Morris|Morris, Ronald David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX5W-S7Z] - 1904(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3AP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927); 3APM Melbourne (East Brighton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 151, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 919, 1926; BOCP 600, 1944 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, 1925-1931); radio (Brighton, 1936-1937); mechanic (Brighton, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949-1967; Brighton East, 1972-1977)

* [[/Sydney Paul Francis Morris|Morris, Sydney Paul Francis &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-MRP] - 1888(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prahran, Vic, 1909; Dandenong, 1912-1913); clerk &amp; telegraphist (Eltham, Vic, 1924); manager (East Bairnsdale, Vic, 1925-1928); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1931); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949)

* [[/William Belfort Morris|Morris, William Belfort]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X1-VYQ] - 1910(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6WM Perth (Hollywood, 1930-1937; Mt Lawley, 1938-1939); 6WM Kalgoorlie (1946-1954); 6WM Perth (Applecross, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 625, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hollywood, 1931-1937); newsagent (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954); representative (Applecross, 1958-1980)

* [[/William John Morris|Morris, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-917] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2378, 1938, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORRISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morrison|Morrison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Macdonald Morrison|Morrison, George Macdonald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52C-XR3] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2NZ Sydney (Mosman, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 741, 1922; COCP1 48, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1919; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); radio technician (Beam Station, Fiskville, Vic, 1942); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); supervisor (South Yarra, Vic, 1954); retired (Melbourne, Vic, 1963; Kings Cross, NSW, 1963; Brisbane, Qld, 1963; Spring Hill, Qld, 1972; Kings Cross, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon Cyril Tucker Morrison|Morrison, Gordon Cyril Tucker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-J6Z] - 1916(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6KN Geraldton (1935-1937); 6KN Perth (City, 1938-1939); 2AKN Sydney (Hernes Bay, 1947; Parramatta, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1935, WA; BOCP 89, 1937; 3COCP 1536, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geraldton, WA, 1937); radio employee (North Perth, WA, 1943); aircraft surveyor (Parramatta North, NSW, 1949; Balgowlah, NSW, 1954-1963); surveyor (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lionel Morrison|Morrison, Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDMZ-K6G] - 1906(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6LM Perth (Bayswater, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sandstone, WA, 1931); pipefitter (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1937); fitter (Wiluna, WA, 1943; Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''MORRIS-REES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alun Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Alun]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ73-FZB] - 1910(Wales)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2ACG Paxton (1937-1939); 2ACG Kingston (1948-1956); 2ACG Paxton (1960-1961); 2ACG Newcastle (Adamstown Heights, 1965-1975); 2ACG Sydney (Bondi, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1139, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1370, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1935); ambulance attendant (Paxton, NSW, 1937; Buladelah, NSW, 1937; Paxton, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1949-1954); public servant (Newcastle, NSW, 1958-1963); clerk (Adamstown Heights, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''MORRISSEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Brian Joseph Martindale Morrissey|Morrissey, Brian Joseph Martindale]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5AP Adelaide (Prospect, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1544, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''MORROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Caldwell Morrow|Morrow, Arthur Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQF-T2F] - 1912(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 335, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Red Hill, Qld, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1943); farmer (Paddington, Qld, 1949-1963)
===''MORSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Percy Morse|Morse, Noel Percy &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWRN-3QR] - 1914(Qld)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Cremorne, 1934-1935); 4LI Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937); 2AHS Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1402, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RNZAF, Pilot Officer) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Buranda, Qld, 1937; Clayfield, Qld, 1937) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=95585 RAF Commands]; [https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/war-memorial/online-cenotaph/record/C29996 Auckland Museum]; [http://aircrewremembered.com/morse-noel.html AirCrewRemembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MORTIMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mark Mortimer|Mortimer, Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7M-ZZ4] - 1887(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 107, 1915; 2COCP 48, 1929; 1COCP 89, 1930; BOCP 48, 1934?  - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917)  - Comment: numerous contemporaneous MMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morton|Morton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Evors Morton|Morton, Charles Evors]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ5-F3R] - 1888(Qld)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Homebush, 1925-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 170, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Applied AIF, rejected due deficient eyesight) - Electoral Rolls: selector (Hull River via Dunk Island, Qld, 1917-1925); public servant (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MOSES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alfred Joseph Moses|Moses, Charles Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6N1-YQC] - 1900(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - ABC (general manager) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Charles Moses|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/moses-sir-charles-joseph-15044 ADB]

===''MOSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moss|Moss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Myer Lee Moss|Moss, Alexander Myer Lee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZY-D3X] - 1911(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Clovelly, 1938-1939, 1946-1958; Rosebery, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1223, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound projectionist (Coogee, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1949); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1954; Mascot, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/George Arthur Moss|Moss, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-86Y] - 1903(WA)-2000(WA) - Licences: 6GM Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1926-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; Mt Pleasant, 1960-1965; Boya, 1969-1995+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 233, 1926, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 177, 1934; 1COCP 574, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: piano mechanic (Cottesloe Beach, 1925); wireless mechanic (North Perth, 1931-1958); lecturer (Mt Pleasant, 1963; Boya, 1968-1980) - [https://qsl.net/vk6zse/historic/p-vk6gm.html QSL.net]

* [[/Norman Pardew Moss|Moss, Norman Pardew or Pardeau]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYP-694] - 1896(NSW)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AEW Sydney (Concord West, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 211, 1939; COCP1 387, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1917, wireless operator naval transport at enlistment) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1937); radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Archerfield, Qld, 1949)

===''MOULD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mould|Mould, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Herbert Mould|Mould, Ronald Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-SXT] - 1921(Eng)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6FM Wyndham (1939, 1948); 6FM Perth (Mt Pleasant, 1954-1965; Waikiki, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2389, 1939, WA; COCP2 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954); DCA (Meekatharra, WA, 1958); communications (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1968); f.s.o. (Derby, WA, 1977); retired (Safety Bay, WA, 1980)

===''MOULE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Ernest Moule|Moule, Clifford Ernest &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-DFH] - 1912(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5CX Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1939; Plympton, 1946-1948; McLaren Vale, 1954; Lower Mitcham, 1955-1956; Westbourne Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 611, 1930, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1462, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Clarence Gardens, 1939-1941; Glandore West, 1943)

===''MOWLEM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mowlem|Mowlem, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Mowlem|Mowlem, Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9F-DHH] - 1878(???)-1950(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval employee (Toorak, 1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1925); engineer (Toorak, 1928); wireless (Malvern, 1931-1949)

===''MOYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moye|Moye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Samuel Moye|Moye, Alfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TX-B8S] - 1915(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2BW Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2BW Sydney (Marrickville, 1939); 2BW Wagga Wagga (1946-1958); 2BW Sydney (Potts Point, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1286, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice chemist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); chemist (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958); camera man (Cremorne, NSW, 1963)

===''MOYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moyle|Moyle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Murray Moyle|Moyle, John Murray &quot;Johnny&quot;, &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1H-LSG] - 1908(Vic)-1960(ACT) - Licences: 2JU Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939; CBD, 1946-1948; North Ryde, 1950-1958); 2AJU Sydney (Potts Point, 1946-1948; CBD, 1950-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 933, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1932+; Radio TV &amp; Hobbies, 1939-); education (Scotch College, 1923-1926), military (WW2, RAAF 1941-, Squadron Leader); broadcast (3DB, 1920s) - Callsign: 2JU previously Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); journalist (Ashfield, NSW, 1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198909.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198910.pdf EA2]

* [[/John Rex Moyle|Moyle, John Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XY-QM3] - 1903(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Batlow (1933); 2EZ Sydney (Killara, 1934); 3EZ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937); 2EZ Sydney (Gordon, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1950); 6EZ Safety Bay (1954-1960); 6EZ Embleton (1965-1969); 2OZ Sydney (Normanhurst, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1123, 1933, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 145, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Edgecliff, NSW, 1930); airman (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Safety Bay, WA, 1958; Embleton, WA, 1963-1968; East Perth, WA, 1972); retired (Normanhurst, NSW, 1977)

===''MUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mudie|Mudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Theodore Mudie|Mudie, Maxwell Theodore &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT81-HL4] - 1917(SA)-2012(NSW)95yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (MW + SW); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (100+) was donated to AMP by Max and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Uncle of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: prospector (Mt Alma, Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943); dairy hand (Wyong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Muir|Muir, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sibbald Allison Muir|Muir, John Sibbald Allison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRB3-1J6] - 1904(SA)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3QW Melbourne (Brighton, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 91, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; likely operator of 3NS dealer licence for Norris &amp; Skelly, Elizabeth St, Melbourne 1924 - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Brighton, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Malvern, 1928); wireless (Brighton, 1931); engineer (Brighton, 1935; Ringwood, 1936-1954); nil (Somers, 1963; Langwarrin, 1968-1977; Garfield, 1980)

* [[/Robert White Muir|Muir, Robert White]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K644-M2J] - 1904(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6RW Wagin (1933-1939); 6RW Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1184, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Albany, WA, 1925-1926); jeweller &amp; radio dealer (Wagin, WA, 1931); jeweller (Wagin, WA, 1936-1943); watchmaker (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MULLETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bertram James Mullett|Mullett, Bertram James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N19-B2N] - 1883(Eng)-1950(Vic) - Licences: XJX Melbourne (Upper Packenham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Migration: 1885 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gembrook South, Vic, 1909-1917); military clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1919-1922); public servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949)
* [[/Leslie Fred Mullett|Mullett, Leslie Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-BQD] - 1903(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5ZQ Adelaide (Highgate, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1065, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Highgate, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Barton, ACT, 1949)

===''MULLIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mulligan|Mulligan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Charles Mulligan|Mulligan, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2QS-X7W] - 1886(NZ)-1982(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 135, 1915; 2COCP 211, 1930; 1COCP 329, 1933 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917); wireless operator (Emita, Flinders Island, 1919-1928); OIC Radio Station (Darwin, 1934); radiologist (Ascot, 1936); OIC radio (Townsville, Qld, 1943); retired (Warrimoo, NSW, 1954-1958; Umina, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Henry Peter Anthony Mulligan|Mulligan, Henry Peter Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ7-X96] - 1919(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ABH Sydney (Kensington South, 1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1606, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUMFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mumford|Mumford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Glenorie Wallamba Mumford|Mumford, Glenorie Wallamba]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQG-WP6] - 1908(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ABX Girral (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1143, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 238, 1930; COCP1 288, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949; Orange, NSW, 1954); radio operator (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); radio officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1968); officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1980)

===''MUNRO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Munro|Munro, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Waugh Munro|Munro, Alexander Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-NXF] - 1908(Qld)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 2CX Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1933); 2ANV Wallsend (1947); 4JM Townsville (1954) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 336, 1931; COCP1 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Cairns, NSW, 1930); telegraphist (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless operator (Brampton Island, Qld, 1934); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1937); inspector (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio inspector (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958; Kingborough, Tas, 1963); retired (Southport, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Bruce Willson Munro|Munro, Bruce Willson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-CDJ] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4AL Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1927-1931; Bulimba, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 339, 1927, No. 35 in Qld; 2COCP 68, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; aeronautical experimenter; pilot; Qld Aero Club (Brisbane, honorary flying instructor, 1930s); Dept Civil Aviation (Brisbane, Assistant Plan Printer, 1956-1968) - Electoral Rolls: commercial pilot (Moorooka, 1943); flight checking officer (Townsville, 1943); pilot (West End, 1949-1963); commonwealth public servant (Wynnum, 1968-1972); retired (Wynnum, 1977-1980)

===''MURDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilmot Henry Murden|Murden, Wilmot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-7WC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7TY Launceston (1934-1937); 3TY Melbourne (West Preston, 1938-1939; Thornbury, 1947); 3TY Rapanyup (1948); 3TY Sale (1954-1955); 3TY Swan Hill (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1243, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1176, 1950; 1COCP 1610, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sale, 1954); radio engineer (3SH, Sale, 1963)
===''MURDOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murdoch|Murdoch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Fraser Murdoch|Murdoch, James Fraser &quot;Fraser&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GN6] - 1923(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Toowoomba (1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2383, 1939, Qld; COCP3 6415, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Empire Theater under Cliff Gold 4CG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); motor mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954); mechanic (Grange, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''MURFETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murfett|Murfett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Murfett|Murfett, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2Y9-GYY] - 1906(Vic)-1999(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NZ Terang (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1008, 1932, Vic; COCP2 421, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Terang, Vic, 1928-1937); clerk (Terang, Vic, 1943); carrier (Terang, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MURPHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murphy|Murphy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel Patrick Murphy|Murphy, Daniel Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-95V] - 1921(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2426, 1940, Vic; BOCP 490, 1943; COCP1 741, 1943 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/David James Murphy|Murphy, David James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVM-PLY] - 1912(Tas)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AHN Sydney (West Ryde, 1937, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1895, 1937, NSW; BOCP 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1980)

* [[/Harold James Murphy|Murphy, Harold James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD6Q-ZGP] - 1899(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Ilfracombe (1935-1937); 4HM Pomona (1938-1939); 4HM Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1532, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auchenflower, Qld, 1925; Milton, Qld, 1928); postal official (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1930); postmaster (Ilfracombe, Qld, 1936-1937); insurance agent (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943); postal official (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); public servant (Stafford, Qld, 1958)

===''MURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murray|Murray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Basil Wentworth Lathrop Murray|Murray, Basil Wentworth Lathrop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-PM8] - 1875(Vic)-1925(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager &amp; director Westralian Farmers Ltd; primary driver in establishment of 6WF Perth before his untimely death - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1903); insurance manager (West Perth, WA, 1910-1925); - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/murray-basil-lathrop-23136 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Frederick Alexander Murray|Murray, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-SZ7] - 1907(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2FM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1927; Mosman, 1928-1935; Cremorne, 1936-1939; Mosman, 1946-1947; Lindfield, 1948-1949; Carramar, 1950-1975); 2FM Blayney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 336, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1933); fitter (Mosman, NSW, 1934); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1949); draughtsman (Carramar, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Blayney, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John William Murray|Murray, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-32L] - 1905(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3JY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1930; Fitzroy, 1931-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Kew, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 396, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Elsternwick, 1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1934; Melbourne East, 1936); technician (St Kilda West, 1943-1949); projectionist (Kew, 1954-1980) - Comment: several contemporaneous John William Murray's in Melbourne, identification not certain

* [[/Kynaston Noel Lathrop Murray|Murray, Kynaston Noel Lathrop]] - 1838(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - clubs and societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, 1880s; Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, 1860s-1870s; Vic Railways Dept, 1880s-1890s)

* [[/Malcolm Imlay Murray|Murray, Malcolm Imlay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-684] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6MY Perth (City, 1930; South Perth, 1933-1939; Floreat Park, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 677, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Perth, 1931); radiotrician (South Perth, 1936; Floreat Park, 1943-1980)

* [[/Roy Thomas Murray|Murray, Roy Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5C1] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 24, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; draftsman &amp; wireless operator at enlistment 1916; WW1 (59th squadron AFC, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1916-1919); wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933; Meadowbank, NSW, 1935; Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); radio operator (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''MUSGRAVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrave|Musgrave, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Musgrave|Musgrave, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSP-H17] - 1917(NSW)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2NF Werris Creek (1934-1936); 2NF Sydney (Petersham, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1313, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/john-musgrave NSW War Memorial] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MUSGROVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrove|Musgrove, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Mandeville D'Oyly Musgrove|Musgrove, Mandeville D'Oyly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCWY-HZ4] - 1872(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast station proprietor (6ML &amp; others) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Claremont, WA, 1910-1936); manager (Palm Beach, WA, 1943) - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Stations/6ML_Perth|Wikibooks]]

===''MUSSO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musso|Musso, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Albert Maria Bellotti Musso|Musso, Louis Albert Maria Bellotti]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1G-PMQ] - 1913(NSW)-2003(NSW)90yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2203, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Penshurst, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MUSTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mustard|Mustard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Andrew Mustard|Mustard or Mustar, Ernest Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NJ5-2VZ] - 1893(Vic)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XJEJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Anzac Signals Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1919; Korumburra, Vic, 1919); RAAF (Point Cook, Laverton, Vic, 1924); aviator (Parkville, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutter|Mutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Mutter|Mutter, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZN-2QQ] - 1909(Sct)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (North Sydney, 1933); 2AJY Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1934)

===''MUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutton|Mutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Angus Keith Mutton|Mutton, Angus Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5F-BQM] - 1910(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5ZY Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1933; Tusmore, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1089, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Tusmore Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Mutton|Mutton, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC1Y-PP5] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2QT Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923-1925); 2QT Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 237, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Annandale, NSW, 1930-1937); communication engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1968); public servant (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Myers|Myers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Geoffrey Myers|Myers, John Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZW-XR5] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1936-1938); 2UA Sydney (Dee Why, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); company officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1954; Fairlight, 1958); sales manager (Dee Why, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Narraweena, NSW, 1977)

=='''N'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''NAIRN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Linley Beeton Nairn|Nairn, Arthur Linley Beeton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58V-M8X] - 1895(SA)-1978(NZ) - Licences: 2BI Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 373, 1918 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Hamilton, NZ, 1938); director (Days Bay, Wellington, NZ, 1946-1954)
===''NANCARROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ralph Stanley Nancarrow|Nancarrow, Ralph Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST3-XQ3] - 1904(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5PK Georgetown (1930-1933); 2PY Sydney (Mosman, 1935; Randwick, 1936-1939); 2ACN Sydney (Lane Cove, 1954-1961; North Ryde, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 719, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1963); fitter (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NANGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Nangle|Nangle, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-F31] - 1869(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MU Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2MU Sydney (Marrickville, 1923-1927; Observatory, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1920s Superintendent Technical Education NSW; hon. Government Astronomer NSW; Sydney University (Senate); Royal Society of NSW (president); Fellow Royal Astronomical Society; Fellow Federal Institute of Architects; author (astronomy, architecture) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Petersham, 1903); Government Astronomer (Observatory, 1930-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2MU - James Nangle&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nangle-james-7722 ADB]

===''NARROWAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Horace Narroway|Narroway, Frank Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF54-YF9] - 1899(Eng)-1965(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - council member WIA WA 1920s; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, WA, 1925-1931); insurance official (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1963);

===''NASH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nash|Nash, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Charles Nash|Nash, William Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDWX-LWF] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2WW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1934-1937); 4WN Cairns (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1329, 1934, Qld; 1COCP 138, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''NAVEAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Naveau|Naveau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Naveau|Naveau, Benjamin]] - 1936(ACT)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1883, 1960; TVOCP 450, 1962 - radio mechanic - Relationships: Son of Jabez William John Naveau - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jabez William John Naveau|Naveau, Jabez William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLZ-2JG] - 1903(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1074, 1932, NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of Benjamin Naveau - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Causeway, ACT, 1930); electrician (Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1943); shift electrician (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1963); no occupation (Ulladulla, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Ulladulla, NSW, 1972; Old Toongabbie, NSW, 1980)

===''NEALE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Drayton Neale|Neale, Eric Drayton Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88H-NWT] - 1907(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4EN Longreach (1934-1939); 4EN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1298, 1934, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist), radio club (WIAQ, QSL officer) - Relationships: father of 4?? Eric Drayton Neale Jnr - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1928; Longreach, 1936; Grange, 1937; Wooloowin, 1943-1963)

===''NEAVERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie Laurence Neaverson|Neaverson, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTM-HCD] - 1899(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: G5NX (Lakeside, Cumbria, 1922+); 4NV Brisbane (Holland Park, 1947-1956+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; associate member IRE (Britain); principal Anglo Austral Hearing Aid Dispensary - Electoral Rolls: surgical technician (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''NELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nell|Nell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Montague Nell|Nell, George Alfred Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87B-PP6] - 1900(Ceylon)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JQ Quirindi (1928-1929); 2JQ Canberra (1930); 2JQ Moruya (1931-1936); 2JQ Binda (1937-1939); 2JQ Crookwell (1946-1950); 2JQ Junee (1954-1965); 2JQ Goulburn (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 413, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Moruya, NSW, 1930-1934; Crookwell, NSW, 1936-1949; Junee, NSW, 1954-1968; Goulburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NELSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nelson|Nelson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Rupert Clifford Nelson|Nelson, Charles Rupert Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVDT-X22] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1960; Royal Park, 1965-1969); 3WC Bendigo (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2171, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Mental Hospital, Wendouree, Vic, 1931-1934; Mental Hospital, Ararat, Vic, 1936-1943); public servant (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); male nurse (Receiving House, Parkville, Vic, 1968); retired (White Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Yeates Nelson|Nelson, John Yeates]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G884-YDV] - 1851(Irl)-1932(NSW) - Licences: XAA Sydney (McMahon's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer (NSW)) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milson's Point, 1930-1931)

* [[/Samuel Simeon Nelson|Nelson, Samuel Simeon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JS-XRG] - 1908(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2SN Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937; Canterbury, 1938; Dulwich Hill, 1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1332, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KH William Peter Nelson - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lewisham, NSW, 1934); meter reader (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/William Peter Nelson|Nelson, William Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP9-WQS] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2KH Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1961; Taren Point, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1583, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2SN Samuel Simeon Nelson - Electoral Rolls: meter reader (Kensington, NSW, 1930; Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Taren Point, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NESTROM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nestrom|Nestrom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Louis Nestrom|Nestrom, Oliver Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-9H4] - 1912(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5RZ Adelaide (St Peters, 1936-1937; Joslin, 1938); 2ADJ Sydney (Homebush, 1939); 5RZ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1947; Glenelg, 1948; St Georges, 1954); 5RZ Port Augusta, 1955-1956); 5RZ Adelaide (Kurralta Park, 1960; Manningham, 1965-1969; St Peters, 1975); 5RZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP, 224, 1935; AOCP 1725, 1936, SA; BOCP 719, 1946; 2COCP 1178, 1949; 1COCP 1491, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Modbury, SA, 1939); fitter (Strathfield, NSW, 1943)

===''NETTLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nettleton|Nettleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Arthur Nettleton|Nettleton, Maurice Arthur ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9R-Y9M] - 1905(Wales)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 806, 1931, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 359, 1941  - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kew, Vic, 1926-1931); radio engineer (Emerald, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (West Ryde, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Dunkeld, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Dunkeld, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''NEVILLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Clifford Anderson Neville|Neville, Alfred Clifford Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH3-Z4D] - 1907(Eng)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ED Receive Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 5827, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hamilton, Qld, 1928); clerk (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1943); accountant (Hawthorne, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (East Brisbane, 1963-1980)

===''NEWBERRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald Mallord Newberry|Newberry, Archibald Mallord]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH51-SDW] - 1893(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AN Red Cliffs (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 606, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Red Cliffs, 1924-1931); radio dealer (Red Cliffs, 1934-1942); cycle dealer (Red Cliffs, 1949-1972)

===''NEWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert James Newell|Newell, Albert James &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1C-RGW] - 1910(Sct)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Mill Hill via Warwick (1936-1939); 4BN Brisbane (Archerfield, 1947-1948; Moorooka, 1954); 4AJ Brisbane (Moorooka, 1965; Yeronga, 1969; Ormiston, 1975); 4AJN Brisbane (Ormiston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1727, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 559, 1942; 1COCP 588, 1942; TVOCP 531, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA Aviation Radio Service - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Mill Hill, Qld, 1931-1943); radio technician (Moorooka, Qld, 1949-1968); television technician (Yeronga West, Qld, 1972); retired (Ormiston, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''NEWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newman|Newman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Newman|Newman, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJ9-YSK] - 1881(India)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 10, 1914; CPRT 90, 1915; 1COCP 49, 1930 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant, 1917-1920, terminated Nov 1920); WW1; WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AFNs - Electoral Rolls: traffic officer (Elsternwick, 1917-1919); assistant! (Malvern East, 1924-1931); piano tuner (St Kilda, 1931)

* [[/Sydney Moreton Newman|Newman, Sydney Moreton &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL41-PBM] - 1898(NSW)-1998(NSW)99yo - Licences: XPZ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914); 3MC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 655, 1921; 1COCP 90, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Turramurra, 1930-1958); retired (Wahroonga, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XPZ-3MC - Sydney Moreton Newman&quot; (68 tags) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199101.pdf EA]

* [[/William Harold Newman|Newman, William Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-4N5] - 1889(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2MK? Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922); 2MJ Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Railway Section, Lieut Hon. Major, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, Brigadier, CMF, died of illness) - Electoral Rolls: railway official (Artarmon, 1930-1934); secretary (Mosman, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285536 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682234 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''NEWPORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newport|Newport, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Ivan Newport|Newport, Thomas Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-RY9] - 1901(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946-1965; Freemans Reach, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1591, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Freemans Reach, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NEWTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newton|Newton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Newton|Newton, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-RBG] - 1921(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1960; Park Orchards, 1965-1975); 3DN Athlone (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2356, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1949-1954; Park Orchards, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Athlone, Vic, 1980)

===''NICHOLAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Rupert Nicholas|Nicholas, William Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD14-RFV] - 1913(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7WR Hobart (North Hobart, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 896, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 72, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart North, 1936; New Town, 1943-1954)
===''NICHOLLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Hartley Nicholls|Nicholls, Alan Hartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQR-VH9] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6KE Corrigin (1936-1937); 3NI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938-1939); 2NI Sydney (Manly, 1946; Cremorne, 1947-1954; Manly, 1955-1956); 2ANI Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1965); 4AL Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1965); 4NI Cairns (1975); 6NX Perth (South Guildford, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1814, 1936, WA; BOCP 219, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1949); shopkeeper (Wilston, Qld, 1958); electronic engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1963); engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1972-1977; South Guildford, WA, 1980)
* [[/Francis Edgar Nicholls|Nicholls, Francis Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1H-8KQ] - 1910(Vic)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7RY Devonport (1932-1933); 7RY Burnie (1937-1939); 7RY Hobart (New Town, 1946-1948; Lenah Valley, 1954-1955; New Town, 1960; Lenah Valley, 1965-1969; Midway Point, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 991, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Lenah Valley, 1943-1954)
* [[/William James Nicholls|Nicholls, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S3-26D] - 19??(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 780, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1963)
* [[/William John Matthew Nicholls|Nicholls, William John Matthew or William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WW-PDS] - 1908(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1928-1933); 7WX Launceston (1937-1939); 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1946-1965; East Malvern, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 419, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 343, 1931; 1COCP 309, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Williamstown, 1931-1936); RAAF (Williamstown, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, 1954-1963; Malvern East, 1968-1980)
* [[/William Vernon Nicholls|Nicholls, William Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ7S-B6T] - 1894(SA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJU Korumburra (1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Caulfield, Vic, 1919); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''NICHOLSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicholson|Nicholson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. G. Nicholson|Nicholson, H. G. &quot;Nick&quot;]] - 19??(USA?)-19??(USA?) - Licences: 4HN Port Moresby, Papua (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely USA) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; briefly operator of broadcast station PK6XX - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified) - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan090823.html Wavescan]

* [[/Keith Graham Nicholson|Nicholson, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHC-24W] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6DE Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (West Perth, WA, 1931); university student (West Perth, WA, 1949); solicitor (West Perth, WA, 1954; Cottesloe, WA, 1958; Perth, WA, 1963; West Perth, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Russell Malcolm Nicholson|Nicholson, Russell Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-7W4] - 1909(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 4KG Ilfracombe (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 529, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 48, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shearing contractor (Longreach, 1936); manager 4LG (Longreach, 1937); radio mechanic (Coolangatta, 1949-1972)

===''NICKSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nickson|Nickson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Francis Bennie Nickson|Nickson, Arthur Francis Bennie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-BZ6] - 1915(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3NB Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; Camberwell, 1947); 3LW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1955); 3NB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1956-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1711, 1936, Vic; AOCP1 39, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: physicist (Malvern, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1967)

===''NICOLL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicoll|Nicoll, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Nicoll|Nicoll, William]] - 1903(Canada)-19??(???) - Licences: 4CO Receive Brisbane (Upper Paddington, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 644, 1921 - amateur Receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bardon, 1925-1929)

===''NICOLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicolle|Nicolle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Hort Wilmot Nicolle|Nicolle, Horace Hort Wilmot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZS-MZF] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Strathfield, 1929-1933; Ryde, 1934); 2AJT Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Wollstonecraft, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 527, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist apprentice (Strathfield, NSW, 1930); pharmacist (Strathfield, NSW, 1933-1935); chemist (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''NIGHTINGALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Victor Charles John Nightingall|Nightingall, Victor Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXN-9SJ] - 1880(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: XKK Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1909-1919); tramway employee (Heidelberg, Vic, 1925-1943)

===''NILSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nilsen|Nilsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver John Nilsen|Nilsen, Oliver John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W4-W1G] - 1884(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3UZ Melbourne (1924-25) - Qualifications: Nil identified to date - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - 3UZ experimental callsign issued to Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co in 1923, operator N. J. Boyd; callsign withdrawn 1925 and reallocated to Nilsen's broadcast station which remains current as at 2021 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Fitzroy, 1909-1924; Chelsea, 1928-1931); contractor (Caulfield, 1934-1954); engineer (Elsternwick, 1972; Hawthorn, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nilsen-oliver-john-11244 ADB]

===''NIND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nind|Nind, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William George Nind|Nind, John William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1S-L35] - 1907(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JN Perth (Kalamunda, 1947-1948; Bayswater, 1954-1955; Morley Park, 1956; Swan View, 1960-1965; Greenmount, 1969; Darlington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2436, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1943); clerk (Kalamunda, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954); technician (Morley Park, WA, 1958; Swan View, WA, 1963; Greenmount, WA, 1968); retired (Darlington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''NISSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nissen|Nissen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Laurence Nissen|Nissen, Eric Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-ZLR] - 1905(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4XN Dalby (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 4XN Toowoomba (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 574, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, member); broadcast technician (4QS, 1939-1976); federal public servant (PMGD); Awards: Imperial Service Medal 1976 - Electoral Rolls: none specified (Dalby, 1928-1937); PMG technician (Dalby, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1977)

===''NIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Niven|Niven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Curteis Niven|Niven, John Curteis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNH-JQC] - 1919(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939); 2AON Sydney (Strathfield, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1772, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Homebush, NSW, 1972; Enfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''NIXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nixon|Nixon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edgar Nixon|Nixon, Arthur Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M2-SM5] - 1905(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Receive Melbourne (Windsor, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 361, 1927, Vic - amateur receiver; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); salesman (St Kilda West, Vic, 1931-1936); electrical fitter (Albert Park, Vic, 1943-1954)

===''NOLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolan|Nolan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Nolan|Nolan, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q3R-X84] - 1910(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1935-1937; Clayfield, 1938-1939; Stafford Heights, 1946-1948); 4MF Portable (1948); 9FN Port Moresby &amp; 9MF Portable (1954-1956); 4FN/T Gracemere (1960-1969); 4FN/T Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1975; Virginia, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1433, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, WIAQ); broadcast technician (9PA, 4RK); radio serviceman; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Francis William Nolan|Nolan, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-XPW] - 1897(NSW)-19?? - Licences: 4JU Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1929-1939, 1947-1956; Paddington, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43? &amp; 501, 1924 &amp; 1929, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio serviceman - Relationships: husband of 4LO Violet Elizabeth Nolan nee Hennessey - Comment: several genealogy sites have wrong data for FWN - Electoral Rolls: cartoonist (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1925);  radio mechanic (Brisbane, City, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1958)

* [[/Gordon Raymond Nolan|Nolan, Gordon Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-R8F] - 1919(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Crows Nest, 1939); 2AIZ Goulburn (1946-1954); 2AFO Sydney (Rydalmere, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2067, 1938, NSW; BOCP 307, 1940; AOCP1 36, 1946; TVOCP 363, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Pools Hill, Albury, NSW, 1943; Goulburn, NSW, 1949-1954); accountant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1958-1963; Ermington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Spencer Nolan|Nolan, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-KMV] - 1868(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XED Sydney (Double Bay, 1911-1914); 2JH Receive Sydney (Double Bay, 1922); 2JH Sydney (Double Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster; dentist and dental surgeon - Relationships: Father of 2YI Philip Spencer Nolan - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Woollahra, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;XED-2JH - John Spencer Nolan&quot;

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-DSX] - 1896(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld - Relationships: wife of 4JU Francis William Nolan - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1943); not stated (Eagle Heights, Qld, 1949); home duties (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1954); domestic (Spring Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Coolangatta, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Philip Spencer Nolan|Nolan, Philip Spencer &quot;Spencer,&quot; &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-ZWX] - 1897(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Double Bay, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 58, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; dentist - Relationships: Son of XED-2JH Lieut John Spencer Nolan - Comment: gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2YI - Philip Spencer Nolan&quot;

===''NOLTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolte|Nolte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Nolte|Nolte, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HG-DD4] - 1911(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3NO Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939); 2QO Sydney (Potts Point, 1948-1950; Bexley North, 1954-1975); 2QO Wamberal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 492, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 83, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1949; Bexley North, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Wamberal, NSW, 1980)

===''NORGATE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norgate|Norgate, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Norgate|Norgate, Albert William &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSN-4N1] - 1915(Vic)-2014(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3QT Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1946, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Williamstown, Vic, 1937-1980)

===''NORMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norman|Norman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Allan Norman|Norman, Douglas Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7RR-14T] - 1919(Eng)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3UC Melbourne (Preston, 1947-1948; East Camberwell, 1954-1960; Canterbury, 1965-1969; Box Hill North, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2178, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; ) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); architect (Preston, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980) 

* [[/William James Norman|Norman, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Q-ZRS] - 1899(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WJ Eddystone Point Lighthouse (1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: stoker (Longford, 1922); lightkeeper (Tasman Island, 1928; Eddystone Lighthouse, 1934; Maatauyker Island, 1936; Currie Harbour, King Island, 1937)

===''NORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norris|Norris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Anthony David Norris|Norris, Anthony David &quot;Tony&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Edgar Lewin Norris|Norris, Edgar Lewin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YH-3D4] - 1891(Qld)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Receive Toowoomba (1922); 4CK Toowoomba (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 80, 1925, No. 8 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Toowoomba RC); WW1 - Relationships: father of 4NO Edgar Thomas Norris - TroveTag: &quot;4CK - Edgar Lewin Norris&quot; - Electoral Rolls: optician (Rockhampton, 1913); optometrist (Wooloowin, 1919; Toowoomba, 1925-1954)

* [[/Edgar Thomas Norris|Norris, Edgar Thomas &quot;Tom&quot; &quot;Tommy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G855-G68] - 1930(Qld)-2019(Qld) - Licences: 4NO Toowoomba (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6945, 1967; AOLCP Q2, 1968; AOCP Q13, 1968, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4CK Edgar Lewin Norris - Electoral Rolls: charge hand (Toowoomba, 1954-1980)

===''NORTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert North|North, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William North|North, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZR-K5J] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABN Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1947; Concord West, 1948; Carlingford, 1950-1961; Dundas, 1965; Bexley, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 850, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); warehouse manager (Cremorne, NSW, 1943)

===''NORTHEAST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Northeast|Northeast, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Harry Northeast|Northeast, Laurence Harry &quot;Laurie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLM3-8NK] - 1908(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5LH Adelaide (Rosewater, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 315, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosewater, 1939-43)

===''NORVILLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norville|Norville, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Norville|Norville, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VP3] - 1902(SA)-1986(Netherlands) - Licences: 2WC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father &amp; a son both CHNs - Electoral Rolls: tester (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); radio engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1937); manufacturing engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1943)

===''NOTTAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottage|Nottage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Raymond Nottage|Nottage, William Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJW-969] - 1917(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MI Adelaide (Croydon, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Seacombe Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2243, 1938, SA; BOCP 706, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Croydon, SA, 1943)

===''NOTTINGHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottingham|Nottingham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Alfred James Nottingham|Nottingham, Herbert Alfred James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97H2-G1C] - 1902(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2HN Sydney (North Ryde, 1931-1939, 1946-1975 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 300, 1930; COCP1 168, 1931; AOLCP 36, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (North Ryde, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless engineer (North Ryde, NSW, 1934-1977)

===''NOURSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nourse|Nourse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Dudley Nourse|Nourse, John Charles Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3SY-1SB] - 1911(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Broken Hill (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 927, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1932-1968)

* [[/Brant Charles Addison Nourse|Nourse, Brant Charles Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WC-2WP] - 1919(NSW)-2013(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1223, 1951 -  - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Strathfield, NSW, 1943); labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1954); engineer (4LG Cramsie, NSW, 1963)

===''NUGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nugent|Nugent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent John Nugent|Nugent, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR5D-CC7] - 1920(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ALZ Sydney (Bexley, 1938-1939, 1948-1954); 2ALZ Tumut (1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2244, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1943); PMG Mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1949); PMG technician (Tumut, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Tumut, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NUNN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nunn|Nunn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Scovell Nunn|Nunn, Maxwell Scovell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGY-RYV] - 1906(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2NE Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1934; Waverley, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1937; Crows Nest, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1234, 1933, NSW; BOCP 561, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); sound engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''NUTLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutley|Nutley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dick Oswald Nutley|Nutley, Dick Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57V-MFM] - 1907(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 204, 1935; AOCP 2048, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Little Nymboida, NSW, 1930); radio apprentice (Sandgate, NSW, 1934-1935); millhand (Pilliga, NSW, 1943); timber worker (Grafton, NSW, 1949)

===''NUTMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutman|Nutman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Taylor Nutman|Nutman, James Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-3D4] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939; Hunters Hill, 1946-1947); 2AVN Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1585, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: survey draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); draftsman (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949); ?? (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954); clerk (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1968; Castle Cove, NSW, 1972); retired (Hlsvle, NSW, 1977-1980; Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''NUTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutt|Nutt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth William Nutt|Nutt, Kenneth William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GZ9] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4XD Townsville (1939, 1947-1954); 2ND Goulburn (1955); 4XD Cairns (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2364, 1939, Qld; COCP2 328, 1940; COCP1 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1954; Earlville, Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nye|Nye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Louis Nye|Nye, Walter Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNN-ZXC] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Brunswick West, 1947); 2XU Sydney (Cammeray, 1947; Haberfield, 1948-1950; Guildford, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1956; Naremburn, 1957-1965; Stanwell Park, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1691, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); produce merchant (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); accountant (Crows Nest, NSW, 1958-1963)

=='''O'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
==='''OAKES'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Andrew Oakes|Oakes, Walter Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-RBQ] - 1907(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 7BQ Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923); Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP N1088, 1971 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Manly, 1930); electrical fitter (Launceston, 1937); railway employee (New Town, 1943-1949); electrician (Lindfield, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, 1958); managing director (Roseville, 1963-1968); director (Roseville, 1972-1980)

==='''O'BRIEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Brien|O'Brien, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alonzo John O'Brien|O'Brien, Alonzo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYVS-K9T] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3FS Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1936-1939; Thornbury, 1947-1954; Lower Plenty, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1779, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: boot operative (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1936); boot trade (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937); bootmaker (Thornbury, Vic, 1949-1954); shoe maker (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Clare O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTS-7SJ] - 1904(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4NC Brisbane (Stafford, 1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2386, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kilcoy, 1928); telephone mechanic (Eagle Junction, 1936-1943); technician (Stafford, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Charles Raymond Heddington O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Raymond Heddington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-4CX] - 1913(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3QX Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 626, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1934-1936); electrical engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1954; Mount Waverley, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Matthew O'Brien|O'Brien, Matthew or Matthew Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-P35] - 1904(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4MM Brisbane (Toowong, 1926-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 234, 1926, No. 20 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, ARTL, WIAQ, president all); journalist (Teleradio, &quot;Vic Eddy&quot;); Dept Labour Exchange (administration) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Toowong, 1925-1936; Annerley, 1943-1977)

* [[/Norman Bruce O'Brien|O'Brien, Norman Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY7H-VPR] - 1912(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2OH Sydney (Coogee, 1932-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939); 2AZH Sydney (Randwick, 1948; Jannali, 1954-1975; Menai, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1072, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949); public servant (Jannali, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Blaxland, NSW, 1977; Menai, NSW, 1980)

==='''O'CONNOR'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Connor|O'Connor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Patrick O'Connor|O'Connor, Bernard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFVX-NDC] - 1918(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 9BP Lae, New Guinea (1948); 9BP Port Moresby, Papua (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2191, 1938, Qld; COCP2 1264, 1953; COCP1 1689, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician's labourer (Rosalie, Qld, 1943); technician (Shorncliff, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/John O'Connor|O'Connor, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-2V5] - 1916(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3OD Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1117, 1933, Vic; COCP2 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JOs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''O'DEA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dea|O'Dea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dea|O'Dea, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTP-7KL] - 1894(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AWS) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, 1912-1913; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1937); railways (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); railway employee (Footscray North, Vic, 1963-1977) - Links: [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911842/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-francis-patrick-odea/ AWS]

* [[/Jack Norman O'Dea|O'Dea, Jack Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4X-VXN] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Sydney (Kensington South, 1931-1936); 2FS Sydney (Summer Hill, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 798, 1931, NSW; AOLCP 229, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1935-1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1949-1980)

==='''ODGERS'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Fieldhouse Odgers|Odgers, Norman Fieldhouse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-CYK] - 1906(Qld)-1996(WA) - Licences: 4BO or 4BD Brisbane (Newmarket) &amp; Charters Towers (1924-1925); 4NK; 9NK Port Moresby (1946-1948); 6NF Perth (Applecross, 1954-1969; Bassendean, 1975-1980); 4CH - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 896, 1925; 2COCP 212, 1930; 1COCP 108, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; broadcast engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: senior technician (Applecross, 1954-1963); manager (Applecross, 1968); retired (Bassandean, 1972-1980)

==='''O'DONNELL'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Amos Leslie O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Amos Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NW-Q1P] - 1910(SA)-19??(NSW) - Licences: 6DX Perth (City, 1930-1933); 2AGE Sydney (Ashfield, 1938-1939); 2AOO Sydney (Caringbah, 1960; Mona Vale, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 639, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 515, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); education officer (No. 2 W.A.G.S., Parkes, NSW, 1943); engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Alfred O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Francis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-SH4] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3ZU Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 3ZU Warrnambool (1947-1948); 3ZU Euroa (1954); 3ZU Yarrawonga (1955-1965); 2BFD Griffith (1969); 2QC Dalmeny (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2000, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1937); mechanic (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942); technician (Warrnambool, Vic, 1949); telephone technician (Euroa, Vic, 1954); technician (Yarrawonga, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Dalmeny, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Myles O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Thomas Myles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2TN-XR9] - 1913(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OD Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Wahroonga, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 855, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: MBE (1979) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1934-1943); technical officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1980) - Links: [[w:1979_Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours_(Australia)|Wikipedia MBE]

==='''O'DWYER'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-XGD] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3OF Melbourne (Middle Park, 1932-1933; Gardenvale, 1937-1939; Hampton, 1947-1980+); 3AOF Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 880, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931-1936); manufacturer (Gardenvale, Vic, 1937); clothing manufacturer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Hampton, Vic, 1949-1968); manufacturer (Hampton, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''OFFEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Offen|Offen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ewart Gladstone Offen|Offen, Ewart Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZR3-NSW] - 1894(Vic)-1915(Vic) - Licences: XJDH Melbourne (Middle Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''OGLE'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ogle|Ogle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Victor Ogle|Ogle, George Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-LNX] - 1915(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1798, 1936, Vic; COCP2 604, 1942 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); designer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''O'HARA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Hara|O'Hara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Bernard O'Hara|O'Hara, John Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XM-Y9M] - 1902(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3OH Maryborough (1930-1939); 3OH Yallourn (1946-1948); 3AAO Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 607, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1924); instructor (Maryborough, Vic, 1928); teacher (Kew, Vic, 1934; Maryborough, Vic, 1937; Ballarat, Vic, 1937; Maryborough, Vic, 1943; Warrnambool, Vic, 1954; Maldon, Vic, 1963; Kyneton, Vic, 1967)

==='''OHRBOM'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Axel Ragnar Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Axel Ragnar &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-PWJ] - 1903(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3OC Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1928; Coburg, 1931-1939; Moreland, 1946-1948; Hartwell, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 421, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Coburg West, Vic, 1949); sharebroker (Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1977); retired (Burwood, Vic, 1977)

===''OLDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olof Lemuel Olden|Olden, Olof Lemuel]] - 1863(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Hobart 1920s, early wireless experimenter, no licence yet identified, amateur operator (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, President, 1924), military (Colonel, WW1), occupation (school master)
===''OLDFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Bernam Oldfield|Oldfield, Frederick Bernam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YP-9R2] - 1897(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (1924); 3FB Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1938); 2FE Sydney (Balmoral, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1240, 1934, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Brighton, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1935-1937); journalist (Mosman, NSW, 1943); A.M.F. (Mornington, 1954); tutor (Neutral Bay, 1958)
===''OLDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oldham|Oldham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Oldham|Oldham, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZFK-XBT] - 1902(Tas)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 7XA Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1923, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1936-1949) 

* [[/Fred Oldham|Oldham, Fred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, first president of Hobart Tramways Wireless Club 1905

===''OLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olds|Olds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Clarence Maxton Olds|Olds, Edgar Clarence Maxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFT6-93D] - 1913(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Broken Hill (1936-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1841, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1934-1943); mine worker (Broken Hill North, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1954); wireman (Broken Hill, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''O'LEARY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Leary|O'Leary, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher George Benjamin O'Leary|O'Leary, Christopher George Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-2QM] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AJP Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2BON Dubbo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2091, 1938, NSW; COCP2 417, 1941; COCP1 672, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); inspector (Kiama, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1954-1963); radio officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1968); radio staff (Dubbo, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Daniel Fraser O'Leary|O'Leary, Cornelius Daniel Fraser or Daniel Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN18-4BH] - 1893(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (Tusmore Gardens, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 495, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Unley, 1939-1941)

===''OLIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oliver|Oliver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dalley George Tryon Oliver|Oliver, Dalley George Tryon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-MMR] - 1888(NSW)-1959(NSW) - wireless experimenter (1924+) 2?? Gunedah, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1943; Keepit Dam, Tamworth, 1949-1954); retired (Condoblin, 1958) - Relationships: brother of 2MO Marcius John Alexander Oliver

* [[/James Greenwood Oliver|Oliver, James Greenwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZF-S79] - 1913(India)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7JO Latrobe (1939, 1947-1956); 7JO Hobart (New Town, 1960); 7JO Launceston (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2303, 1939, Tas; COCP2 1353, 1958; COCP1 1921, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, POW Japan) - Electoral Rolls: radio sales (Burnie, Tas, 1936); radio mechanic (Devonport, Tas, 1937); radio mechanic (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); orchardist (Latrobe, Tas, 1949); clerk (Latrobe, Tas, 1954); TV technician (Launceston, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Keith William Oliver|Oliver, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5Q-NV9] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GZ South Geelong (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 891, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 150, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924); mechanic (Geelong, Vic, 1925-1931); radio electrical engineer (Geelong, Vic, 1935-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1958-1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968; Boronia, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Marcius John Alexander Oliver|Oliver, Marcius John Alexander &quot;Marcus&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-M82] - 1875(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2MO Gunedah (1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 91, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio station proprietor (2MO, 1930-1939); military (air spotters, Port Macquarie) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1936; Port Macquarie, 1943) - Relationships: brother of Dalley George Tryon Oliver

===''OLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olle|Olle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Durrant Olle|Olle, John Durrant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HS-WSX] - 1910(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 2OZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1939, 1946; Pennant Hills, 1947-1948; Ashfield, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 553, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 321, 1931; 1COCP 197, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Ashfield, NSW, 1943); soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); public servant (Mornington, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''OLLIVIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Neil Frances Ollivier|Ollivier, Neil Frances]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQB-VPD] - 1916(WA)-1942(WA) - Licences: 6FO Perth (Hollywood, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1067, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''O'LOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Patrick Morgan O'Loughlin|O'Loughlin, Francis Patrick Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-Z3Q] - 1902(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4OL Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1347, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''OLSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsen|Olsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Vivian Olsen|Olsen, Frederick Vivian &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CP-4XJ] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3FO Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1929-1931; Hampton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 521, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hampton, 1936-1954; Brighton, 1963; Hampton, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Norman Frederick Olsen|Olsen, Norman Frederick or Frederick Norman (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-8JS] - 1901(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 516, 1920, NSW; 2COCP 59, 1929, NSW; 1COCP 252, 1932 - Nil yet identified - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hurlstone Park, 1934-1937); newsagent (Torwood, 1954-1958); no occupation (Lord Howe Island, 1963-1980)

* [[/Norman Peter Olsen|Olsen, Norman Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-444] - 1897(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2YK Newcastle (1924-1925); 2ZX Waratah (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waratah, 1930; Mayfield, 1932); public servant (Redfern, 1932-1933; Kogarah, 1934-1935; Wollongong, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1943-1949; Kogarah, 1949-1963); nil (Merewether, 1968-1980)
* [[/Olaf Olsen|Olsen, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QT-69T] - 1878(Norway)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Dalby 1922 (Receive) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Dalby, 1913-1943); engineer (Toowoomba, 1949; Redcliffe, 1954; Paddington, 1958-1963)

===''OLSSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsson|Olsson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Olsson|Olsson, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7P7-2XP] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: XIL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 16th Reinforcements, 1st Battalion, 1915-1917, Discharged after wounded) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1958); accountant (Turner, ACT, 1958-1963; Griffith, ACT, 1968); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

==='''O'MAY'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. W. O'May|O'May, J. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Derwent O'May|O'May, Robert Derwent &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNF-5NS] - 1903(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); 7OM Hobart (Bellerive, 1924-1927+; Sandy Bay, 1931+; Bellerive, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 74, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 508, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellerive, 1928-1954)

==='''OPPENHEIM'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver George Oppenheim|Oppenheim (before WW2) or Oliver (after WW2), Oliver George &quot;Ollie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSS-S7L] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3ZX Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939, 1954); 2AZX Sydney (Coogee, 1955-1961; Lugarno, 1965-1969; Strathfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 580, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); company executive (Coogee, NSW, 1958-1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968); importer (Strathfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''O'REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Joseph O'Reilly|O'Reilly, Maurice Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-VMC] - 1866(Irl)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XACI Bathurst (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St Stanilaus College, Bathurst, 1913); rector of college (St John's College, Camperdown, 1930-1933) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oreilly-maurice-joseph-7918 ADB] 
===''O'ROURKE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Sydney O'Rourke|O'Rourke, John Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJP-ZW4] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 4OR Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1937-1939); 4SO Brisbane (Margate Beach, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2042, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Norman Park, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Newmarket, Qld, 1949); engineer (Margate, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''ORR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orr|Orr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Murray Donald Orr|Orr, Murray Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-H29] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Vic) - Licences: 3OR Lake Meran (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 440, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1940-1941) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Lake Meran, 1924-1934) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/orr-murray-donald-1700/] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ORVAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orvad|Orvad, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederic Maurice Orvad|Orvad, Frederic or Frederick Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKS-1HH] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AHX Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Miranda, 1954-1965; Point Clare, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1977, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1000, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1936; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Miranda, NSW, 1954-1963); PMG technician (Point Clare, NSW, 1972)

===''OSBORNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osborne|Osborne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles George Osborne|Osborne, Charles George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBM-SJN] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3JL Melbourne (Hartwell, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1173, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGO, engineer, Glenferrie - Electoral Rolls: Camberwell, Vic, 1924; Hartwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1968); retired (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Jeffrey David Osborne|Osborne, Jeffrey David &quot;Jeff&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Louis Frederick George Osborne|Osborne, Louis Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GF-MGZ] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3DD Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DD Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1926); 3BMO Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gas fitter (Malvern East, 1922-1926); inspector (Carnegie, 1931-1977)

===''OSBURNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osburne|Osburne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Bolivar Laing Osburne|Osburne, George Bolivar Laing &quot;Laing&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFY2-F9W] - 1896(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XKJ Terang (1913-1914); 3BG Terang (1922-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 235, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comments: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: student (Terang, 1922-1931) - TroveTag:&quot;XKJ-3BG - George Bolivar Laing Osburne&quot; - Links: [https://westerndistrictfamilies.com/tag/laing/ Mother's bio]

===''O'SHANNASSY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Augustin O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, John Augustin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ9M-5S1] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2292, 1939, Vic; COCP1 314, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); chartered engineer (Donvale, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''O'SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Bernard Bartholomew O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Charles Bernard Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WX-1Z4] - 1914(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Sydney (Cronulla, 1939); 2VX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 47, 1935; COCP1 84, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Sutherland, NSW, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Sylvania, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Jeremiah Charles O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Jeremiah Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9B-8KX] - 1912(Qld)-1943(At sea, off Brisbane) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1947, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Corporal) - Electoral Rolls: none stated (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1937); clerk (Ingham, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285977 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682675 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/642095 VWMA]; [https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/92271-a.h.s.-centaur-memorial AHS Centaur Memorial]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/blog/the-sinking-of-the-centaur AHS Centaur] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''OSWALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oswald|Oswald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Geoffrey Oswald|Oswald, Allan or Allen Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJL-K71] - 1909(SA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2AEF Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939, 1946-1958; Carrs Park, 1960; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 237, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1972); mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''OTHEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles James Othen|Othen, Charles James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRHF-H8Y] - 1897(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: XVT Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5AS Receive Adelaide (1923); 5ON Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1954-1956; Eden Hills, 1960-1969; Blackwood, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3385, 1953, SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''O'TOOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ian O'Toole|O'Toole, Ian]] - Licences: 2ZIO Sydney (Adamstown Heights, 1969; North Rocks, 1975; Castle Hill, 1980) - amateur operator; historian (amateur, military communications); proprietor Kurrajong Radio Museum - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/archive/museum/ Kurrajong Radio Museum]

===''OTTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Otty|Otty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Shannon Otty|Otty, William Shannon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7J1] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZL Killingworth (1923-1931); 2ZL Toronto (1933-1975); 2ZL Fennell's Bay (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 219, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Toronto, 1937-1954); retired (Toronto, 1958-1980)

===''OUTTRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Outtrim|Outtrim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Outtrim|Outtrim, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFD4-7CM] - 1906(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1934-1939); 2EX Newnes Junction (1946-1948); 2EX Springwood (1950-1975); 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1333, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: porter (Richmond, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Milsons Point, NSW, 1943); assistant station Master (Newnes Junction, NSW, 1949; Springwood, NSW, 1954-1968); station master (Springwood, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Richmond, NSW, 1980)

===''OVERLACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Overlack|Overlack, Peter]] - early wireless historian [https://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval_Networks_Dominance_of_Comms_in_Maritime_Ops.pdf &quot;The Struggle for the Australian Airwaves: The Strategic Function of Radio for Germany in the Asia-Pacific Region before World War I&quot;]

===''OWEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Owen|Owen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Chester Owen|Owen, Chester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ3G-H47] - 1899(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923); 3ZM Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balaclava, 1921; St Kilda, 1922-1926); engineer (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); mechanic (Caulfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Echuca, 1943-1972)

* [[/Robert Howell Owen|Owen, Robert Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN15-PXN] - 1894(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XMB Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Melbourne West, 1914-1915; Northcote, Vic, 1919-1963)

* [[/Stanley Wainwright Owen|Owen, Stanley Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDV9-BP2] - 1912(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 6RX Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 2RX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1948-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 716, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 436, 1933; 1COCP 340, 1933; TVOCP 40, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1958); television engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1963-1968); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1972-1977; Artarmon, 1980)

===''OXENFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oxenford|Oxenford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Gilbert Oxenford|Oxenford, Laurence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J8-WFS] - 1911(Eng)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 2ACH Sydney (Ashfield, 1937; Lewisham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1968; Isle of Capri, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''OXENHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Justinian Oxenham|Oxenham, Justinian]] - 1860(Qld)-1932(Vic) - senior federal public servant (Secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)
===''OXLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Oxlade|Oxlade, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-H1C] - 1907(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4GO Brisbane (Newmarket, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 229, 1926, No. 19 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Chermside, 1937-1943; Maroochydore, 1954; Wavell Heights, 1958), contractor (Chermside, 1963-1980)

=='''P'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''PACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pace|Pace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Young Pace|Pace, Reginald Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-43F] - 1903(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Donald (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 268, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Donald, Vic, 1925-1937); wireless officer (Northcote, Vic, 1942; Thornbury, Vic, 1949); public servant (Preston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''PACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pacey|Pacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harman Pacey|Pacey, William Harman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95V-4BM] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Receive Adamstown (1923); 2WV Sydney (Abbotsford, 1934-1936; Lane Cove, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1, 1934; COCP1 144, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Lambton, NSW, 1930); police constable (Abbotsford, NSW, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); no occupation (Dangar Island, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''PADULA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Padula|Padula, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Vincenzo John Padula|Padula, Robert Vincenzo John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYR-3WC] - 1939(Vic)-Living - Licences: 3ZFU Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1718, 1939, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''PAECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paech|Paech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Leonard Paech|Paech, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6DL-76D] - 1920(SA)-1963(SA) - Licences: 5RL Adelaide (Underdale, 1936-1939, 1947-1948); 5LP Adelaide (Seacombe Gardens, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1626, 1936, SA; 2COCP 279, 1939; BOCP 371, 1941; 1COCP 810, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Page|Page, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Frank Dutton Page|Page, Benjamin Frank Dutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRJ-PBT] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3XG Birregurra (1937-1938); 3XG Kaniva (1947-1948); 3XG Melbourne (East Kew, 1954; Kilsyth, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 728, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931; Birregurra, Vic, 1935-1937); bank officer (Kaniva, Vic, 1949; Kew North, Vic, 1954; Kilsyth, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leslie Nevison Page|Page, Leslie Nevison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSBX-CRV] - 1920(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (New Farm, 1937-1939; Brisbane City, 1947); 2NB Sydney (Potts Point, 1954); 2LP Sydney (St Ives, 1955-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1931, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 2NB may have been withdrawn for 2NB Broken Hill - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ascot, Qld, 1928-1929) (too young for 1920 birth, must be a namesake); radio technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (St Ives, NSW, 1958); manager (St Ives, NSW, 1963); electronics engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1972)

===''PAGET''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Ernest Paget|Paget, Harold Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTK-ZBF] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Valley, Qld, 1925-1926); postal sorter (Ashgrove, Qld, 1928-1949); mail officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PAICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paice|Paice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Cameron Paice|Paice, Donald Cameron &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KD-2FT] - 1932(Vic)-2018(Vic) - Licences: 3ADP Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3055, 1950, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1954; Mt Waverley, 1963-1980) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 2AJ Valentine Keith Paice

* [[/Valentine Keith Paice|Paice, Valentine Keith &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K3-5T6] - 1904(NZ)-1977(???) - Licences: ZL1AJ (Z1AJ) 1925-1926; VQ1AJ (OO1AJ) Fanning Island (1926-1928); 2AJ (VK2AJ) Sydney 1929; OA4V Peru (1929) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Ashbury, NSW, 1930) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 3ADP Donald Cameron Paice

===''PALIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palin|Palin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Vyse Palin|Palin, Herbert Vyse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTH-FWR] - 1896(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Armadale, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1919; Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1926); expert (Malvern, Vic, 1931); motor mechanic (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1943; Orrong, Vic, 1954); engineer (West Rosebud, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''PALK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palk|Palk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Brian Arthur Broomfield Palk|Palk, Brian Arthur Broomfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1WL-SHX] - 1923(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5FQ Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; Marino, 1954-1956; Hawthorndene, 1960-1969; Mylor, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2420, 1939, SA; BOCP 465, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PALMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palmer|Palmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Thomas Palmer|Palmer, George Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2CR-RXJ] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Balwyn, Vic, 1931-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); bus proprietor (Yarraville, Vic, 1942; Footscray, Vic, 1949-1954); executive (Williamstown, Vic, 1963); drvr (Margate, Qld, 1972); travel executive (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Rio Vista, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman William Palmer|Palmer, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6M-JWB] - 1912(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2425, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1972); cashier (Victoria Point, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''PARADISE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Harry Elliker Paradise|Paradise, Eric Harry Elliker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3M-D75] - 1904(Qld)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Stones Corner, Qld, 1925-1937)
===''PARASIERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Isidore Percy Robert Parasiers|Parasiers, Isidore Percy Robert &quot;Robert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9Y-8B1] - 1902(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (City, 1932-1933; Glandore, 1937-1939); 6PS Perth (Inglewood, 1947); 5RF Adelaide (Glandore, 1948); 5RF Murray Bridge (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 952, 1932, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 283, 1936; BOCP 132, 1937; 2COCP 256, 1939; 1COCP 330, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Norman Paris|Paris, James Norman &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWR-B1W] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: &quot;WIA-L5006&quot; Adelaide (Prospect, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; prominent broadcast listener (1950s, 1960s); clubs (Australian DX Radio Club (SA); Southern Cross DX Club) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARISH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hugh Radcliffe Parish|Parish, Hugh Radcliffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCDL-Y23] - 1914(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7CP Launceston (1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1070, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 189, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, 1936-1937); manager (Winnaleah, 1943-1949); radio executive (Launceston, 1954)
===''PARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles William Park|Park, John Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-N4N] - 1904(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BB Perth (South Perth, 1924-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 794, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (South Perth, 1943-1949); radiographer (South Perth, 1958-1980)
===''PARKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parker|Parker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Bruce Parker|Parker, Eric Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LW15-WJT] - 1896(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XML Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces, Army 2nd AIF) - Electoral Rolls: architect (St Kilda East, 1917-1919); carpenter (St Kilda East, Vic, 1924-1927); agent (St Kilda East, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1943-1949); clerk (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Geoffrey John Parker|Parker, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRX2-5NG] - 1919(Eng)-2014(NSW) - Licences: 2AHO Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939; Ryde, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1984, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Ryde, NSW, 1949-1980) 

* [[/Henry Race Parker|Parker, Henry Race &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFY-PXZ] - 1876(???)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 1628 Sydney (Paddington, 1923) - cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: drainer (Paddington, 1936-1949)

* [[/Keith Cyril Parker|Parker, Keith Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDSK-X2P] - 1912(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5PA Port Pirie (1933); 5SO Port Elliot (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 348, 1931; 1COCP 213, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1949-1963; Bassendean, WA, 1968); manager (Cairns, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Kenneth Herbert Parker|Parker, Kenneth Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTM1-Q5G] - 1905(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6KP Meekatharra (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1192, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mining register (Meekatharra, WA, 1931-1937); resident magistrate (Cue, WA, 1943; Geraldton, WA, 1943); stipendary magistrate (Northam, WA, 1949); magistrate (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1963; Applecross, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Philip Selwyn Parker|Parker, Philip Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMZ-1XD] - 1903(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2CM Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1923, briefly then reverted to 2CY); 2CY Sydney (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1931; Pymble, NSW, 1943) - Identification: Not yet confidently identified

* [[/Ronald Alexander Parker|Parker, Ronald Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-6BM] - 1908(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1926); 3RA Bendigo (1927); 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939); 4PT Southport (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 213, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); secretary (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); retired (Southport, Qld, 1980)

===''PARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parr|Parr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John George Ashton Parr|Parr, John George Ashton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-22T] - 1908(NSW)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3OM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 646, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1949; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963; Melbourne City, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''PARRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parris|Parris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Charles Parris|Parris, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2FL-1L9] - 1912(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIH Dungog (1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2043, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stroud, NSW, 1935; Dungod, NSW, 1936-1937); radio serviceman (Dungog, NSW, 1943); telephone technician (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; Waratah, NSW, 1954)

* [[/John Edward Parris|Parris, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMP-68F] - 1899(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Deniliquin (1932-1938); 2DN Dungog (1938-1939); 2DN Deniliquin (1939); 2WM Parkes (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 905, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 15, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Tunstall, Vic, 1924-1925; Skipton, Vic, 1925-1926); steward (RS&amp;SILA Club, Deniliquin, NSW, 1930-1937); radio station manager (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alchorne Parry|Parry, Charles Alchorne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8J-BGL] - 1916(Qld)-2009(USA) - Licences: 4CP Gordonvale (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1441, 1935, Qld; BOCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Education: PhD - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cairns, Qld, 1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943)

===''PARSONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parsons|Parsons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Adin Bega Parsons|Parsons, Raymond Adin Bega]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L56Z-CNT] - 1906(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AIG Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2044, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Randwick, 1934-1963)

* [[/Warwick William Parsons|Parsons, Warwick William or William Warwick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2L4-5ZC]- 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PS Adelaide (City, 1933; Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rose Park, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1147, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

===''PARTRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Partridge|Partridge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Danvers Partridge|Partridge, Geoffrey Danvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDV-FL4] - 1914(NSW)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2VU Singleton (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1721, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Singleton, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1949-1977); retired (Singleton, NSW, 1980)

* [[/George James William Partridge|Partridge, George James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56F-BDB] - 1909(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GP Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1392, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1923-1946) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''PATERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paterson|Paterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Charles Paterson|Paterson, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRP6-JYW] - 1920(NSW)-2018(NSW)98yo - Licences: 2AHJ Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1971, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1954); television technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Paul Pryde Paterson|Paterson, Paul Pryde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-LPF] - 1915(WA)-1942(PNG) - Licences: 6PP Wiluna (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1961, 1937, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 24 Squadron, Flight Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/paterson-paul-pryde-260515/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Raymund Gordon Paterson|Paterson, Raymund or Raymond Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CH-7RX] - 1903(Vic)-1996(Canada) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 506, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenferrie, 1926-1928)

===''PATON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paton|Paton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Charles Ninion Paton|Paton, Clifford Charles Ninion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-G4Z] - 1917(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Sydney (North Wollstonecraft, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1607, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Wright Alexander Paton|Paton, James Wright Alexander &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V2-CD1] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2VQ Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1939; Avalon Beach, 1946-1947; Manly, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954; Manly, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1287, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RANVR, Sub-lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); company director (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1949); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); consultant (Manly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PATTERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Patterson|Patterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Patterson|Patterson, Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y1-GDH] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5XR Naracoorte (1933-1939); 5XR Peterborough (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1097, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, 1939); electrician (Quorn, 1941-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1909(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1947-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, WA, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/James Brown Patterson|Patterson, James Brown]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTW-WDY] - 1833(Eng)-1895(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, briefly Premier of Victoria (1893-1894), Postmaster-General Vic (July 1878 - March 1880) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Patterson|Patterson, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHV-CLN] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AFG Sydney (Waverley, 1936-1939; Woollahra, 1946-1950; Bondi Junction, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1756, 1936, NSW; BOCP 900, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Woollahra, NSW, 1949-1954); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Watsons Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); grazier (Bowral, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Walter Patterson|Patterson, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTB-83T] - 1906(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2AJW Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Killara, 1939; Roseville, 1946-1961; Avalon Beach, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2092, 1938, NSW; BOCP 1480, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mosman, NSW, 1930); radio technician (Mosman, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1934-1935); sales manager (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); sales engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1943-1954); TV engineer (Avalon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram &quot;Charles Ingram&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1946-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, 1958-1968)

===''PAUL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paul|Paul, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Anthony Paul|Paul, Leo Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQJ-C8P] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Receive Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1922-1923); 3LP Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1924-1937; Preston, 1938-1939); 3XO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1948-1960; Thornbury, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 15, 1924, No. 6 in Vic) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Fitzroy, 1927-1936)

===''PAXTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paxton|Paxton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest John Paxton|Paxton, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMM-WZY] - 1910(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AKD Sydney (Killara, 1938-1939; Lindfield East, 1946-1947; Killara, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2140, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930; Killara, NSW, 1933-1937); optometrist (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1972)

===''PAYNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payne|Payne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Tyndall Payne|Payne, Alfred Ernest Tyndall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBX3-LQN] - 1872(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3PP Melbourne (Toorak, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (?, Captain) - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Toorak, Vic, 1905-1937); stock breeder (&quot;Yarra View&quot;, Lilydale, Vic, 1943-1954)

* [[/George H. Payne|Payne, George H.]] - 19??(???)-1987(Qld) - 4NEV Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1946+, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, hon. secretary; WIAQ, president, assoc. members section)

* [[/John Payne|Payne, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSL-41Q] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IN Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1927; Kensington, 1928-1930)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: insurance department manager (Kensington, 1930-1931); secretary (Kensington, 1933)

* [[/Reginald Lewis Payne|Payne, Reginald Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG9-HFF] - 1898(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: 3RP Geelong (Newtown, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 225, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1919-1921); telegraphist (Newtown, 1922-1942) (check XJM R. Payne, Armadale for relationship)

===''PAYTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payter|Payter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph William Payter|Payter, Joseph William]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - early telephone experimenter in Melbourne, mechanic in Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs (one of James Smibert's &quot;Williamstown boys&quot;)

===''PEAKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peake|Peake, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Griffith Peake|Peake, John Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPBK-LL8] - 1896(NSW)-1966(USA) - Licences: XIT Sydney (Summer Hill, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 6th Rifles, Gunner, 1916-1920) - Electoral Rolls: chemical engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1932-1937; Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''PEARCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearce|Pearce, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Conjola Pearce|Pearce, Arthur Conjola]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2K-ZFR] - 1919(NSW)-2009(Tas) - Licences: 2AHB Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Five Dock, 1948-1950; Leichhardt, 1954-1958; Dee Why, 1960-1961; Church Point, 1965, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1968, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Leichhardt, NSW, 1954); clerk (Dee Why West, NSW, 1958; Church Point, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Ronald Pearce|Pearce, Edward Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3M-7YJ] - 1916(Vic)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6TP Perth (North Perth, 1936-1939, 1948; Mt Hawthorn, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1757, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Coolbinia, WA, 1980)

* [[/Henry Robert James Pearce|Pearce, Henry Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5X-NLN] - 1899(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1773, 1936, Vic; BOCP 484, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1977)

* [[/William Pearce|Pearce, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-MSY] - 1913(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Cessnock (1934-1939); 2CW Newcastle (Mayfield, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1296, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WPs - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cessnock, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Mayfield, NSW, 1943-1963); telecommunications technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1968); telephone technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''PEARN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Pearn|Pearn, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCKW-JRW] - 1896(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PN Adelaide (Sturt Park, 1934-1939; Wayville West, 1947-1948; Unley, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1378, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

===''PEARSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearson|Pearson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Pearson|Pearson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J5-YMZ] - 1910(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2KD Temora (1932-1939); 2KD Sydney (Belmore, 1946-1948; Herne Bay, 1950-1960; Riverwood, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 972, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Temora, NSW, 1934-1937); railway employee (Armidale, NSW, 1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954-1958; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Eric Harry Pearson|Pearson, Eric Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-9GQ] - 1917(NSW)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1613, 1936, Qld; COCP2 70, 1936; COCP1 110, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Normanton, Qld, 1941; Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); farmer (Karragarra Island, Qld, 1954); representative (Chelmer, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Ian Richman Pearson|Pearson, Ian Richman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-4LF] - 1908(Vic)-1972(Tas) - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (Berwick, 1929-1931); 7KB Burnie (1948-1965); 7KB Port Sorell (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 528, 1929, Vic; AOCP 2661, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Deer Park, Vic, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Burnie, Tas, 1949-1954)

* [[/Leonard Frank Pearson|Pearson, Leonard Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99VY-QVV] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3PI Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1660, 1936, Vic; COCP1 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Benalla, Vic, 1925); telegraphist (Williamstown, Vic, 1927; Preston, Vic, 1928-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''PECK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peck|Peck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Leslie Peck|Peck, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCL-QKN] - 1879(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XGJ Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PEDDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peddell|Peddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Peddell|Peddell, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-L1J] - 1906(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2MP Sydney (North Sydney, 1931); 2KN West Kempsey (1948); 2KN Sydney (Herne Bay, 1950-1954; Gymea Bay, 1955-1957); 2XO Sydney (Carlton, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 138, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Artarmon, NSW, 1930); radio telegraphist (Narrabeen, NSW, 1931; Mona Vale, NSW, 1933-1937); radio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1941); radio officer (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954); public servant (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1963; Archerfield, Qld, 1963; Carlton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pedding|Pedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Frederick Pedding|Pedding, William Frederick or Smith, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-KCC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WU Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2121, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PEELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peell|Peell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Peell|Peell, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3T-Q6W] - 1901(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922-1923); 2WJ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1928-1930; Maroubra, 1931-1939, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1950; Bringelly, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 593, 1920; COCP1 287, 1932 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); radio operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949-1954); manager (OTC Radio Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''PELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Pell|Pell, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLT-FXD] - 1892(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XJE Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 83, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Corp) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda East, Vic, 1917); electrical engineer (Glenferrie, Vic, 1919); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1937); district engineer (Essendon North, Vic, 1942); electrical engineer (Greensborough, Vic, 1949); nil (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/214472 VWMA]

===''PELLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pelling|Pelling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Frederick Law Pelling|Pelling, John Charles Frederick Law &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-176] - 1908(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6WO Moojebing (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1213, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Dumbleyung, WA, 1931); farmer (Moojebing, WA, 1936-1943; King River, WA, 1949-1968)

===''PEMBERTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pemberton|Pemberton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Thurston Pemberton|Pemberton, Stanley Thurston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YR-CR4] - 1911(Eng)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939; Ashbury, 1946-1948; Connells Point, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 848, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); draftsman (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1954-1963; Connells Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PEMBLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pembleton|Pembleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Edward Pembleton|Pembleton, Thomas Edward &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HP-JDF] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4ZL Rockhampton (1936-1939;1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1600, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943); turner (Rockhampton North, 1949-1980)

===''PENNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Penny|Penny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Langford Penny|Penny, William Langford &quot;Bill&quot; &quot;Uncle Bud&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZX-BSG] - 1906(Qld)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Sydney (Woolwich, 1933; Northbridge, 1934); 2GU Tamworth (1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 884, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 175, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930; Merewether, NSW, 1932; Kensington, NSW, 1932; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1935); radio dealer (Tamworth, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''PEPPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pepper|Pepper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ralph Campbell Pepper|Pepper, Ralph Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC93-1MN] - 1905(NSW)-1984(Qld) - Licences: N742 Receive Tamworth (1922); 2HV Receive Tamworth (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tamworth, 1930; Maroubra, 1931; Artarmon, 1934-1949; Newmarket, Qld, 1954-1972; Alderley, 1977-1980)

===''PEPPERCORN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Albert Edward or Edward Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWP-Y9W] - 1918(NSW)-2012(ACT)93yo - Licences: 2QJ Sydney (Bexley, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 5TP Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1960); 6GX Perth (Scarborough, 1965); 1AEP Canberra (Curtin, 1969-1975; Downer, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1765, 1936, NSW; BOCP 157, 1938; COCP1 789, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warialda, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1949); radio officer (Lawson, NSW, 1949); technician (Scarborough, WA, 1963); electronics technician (Curtin, ACT, 1968); technical officer (Curtin, ACT, 1972); technician (Downer, ACT, 1977-1980)

===''PERDRIAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perdriau|Perdriau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Carter Perdriau|Perdriau, Henry Carter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D9-L79] - 1895(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: XHC Sydney (1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: cousin of 2ZR William James Stanley Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: manager (Chatswood, 1930-1936; Roseville, 1943-1954)

* [[/William James Stanley Perdriau|Perdriau, William James Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTH6-8LS] - 1885(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923); 2ZR Sydney (Manly, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: cousin of XHC Henry Carter Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Manly, 1930-1943)

===''PERKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perkin|Perkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Perkin|Perkin, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2L-L3T] - 1900(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Rochester (1932-1939); 3EP Bendigo (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1024, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Rochester, Vic, 1922-1937); watchmaker (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''PEROOZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perooz|Perooz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Percy Perooz|Perooz, James Percy or Jumah Percy &quot;Khan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-966] - 1913(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2PE Bourke (1931-1939); 2PE Woy Woy (1946); 2PE Sydney (Epping, 1947-1948; Padstow, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 856, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 436, 1942; COCP1 624, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bourke, NSW, 1937); wireless mechanic (Epping, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980);

===''PERREY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Litchfield Perrey|Perrey, Alexander Litchfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZVM-9P9] - 1898(SA)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 5LP Strathalbyn (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 99, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PERRY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perry|Perry, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Walter Perry|Perry, Clement Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWM5-85V] - 1896(SA)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AMH Sydney (Penshurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2299, 1939, NSW; BOCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Reinforcements 3rd Battalion, 1915-1920, incl signals school; attended British School of Telegraphy, Clapham, 1919) - Electoral Rolls: drilling machinist (enlistment, 1915); telephone mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1935; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Station 2CR, Cumnock, NSW, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Manly, NSW, 1949; Station 2NR, Lawrence, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Grafton, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Umina, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Francis Cole Perry|Perry, Malcolm Francis Cole]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L679-XR2] - 1891(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XCP Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914); 2DG Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1930-1937); editor (Randwick, 1943-1949; Coogee, 1954-1958); counsellor (Hazelbrook, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCP-2DG - Malcolm Francis Cole Perry&quot;

* [[/Roy Edwin Perry|Perry, Roy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYP-NBP] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1939); 3OU Melbourne (Carnegie North, 1947-1954; Chadstone, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1204, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937; Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1968; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peters|Peters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Peters|Peters, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CZ-SK2] - 1897(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2EU Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2EU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1918) - Relationships: Uncle of 2ER Wallace George Haydn Best - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rose Bay, 1930-1933); carpenter (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1963); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles William Peters|Peters, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56G-DNM] - 19??(???)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2SV Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1935; Lindfield, 1936-1938; Roseville, 1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Ryde, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1390, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933; Lindfield, NSW, 1935); process worker (Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1943); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrician + Eva (Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Henry Zornig Peters|Peters, Henry Zornig &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4XX-HBC] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ZP Maryborough (1937-1939); 4ZP Sarina (1947-1956); 4ZP Cooroy (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1978, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Yerra via Maryborough, Qld, 1936-1937; Sarina, 1943); farmer (Cooroy, 1963-1980)

* [[/Keith Francis Peters|Peters, Keith Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-HNB] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3AKP Stawell (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2365, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Horsham, Vic, 1942); linesman (Stawell, Vic, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1963); television mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1968); TV serviceman (Stawell, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petersen|Petersen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Marzanti Petersen|Petersen, Thomas William Marzanti &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LX-VR8] - 1919(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4FY Brisbane (Cooparoo Heights, 1939, 1946-1947); 4YO Moreton Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2321, 1939, Qld; BOCP 1070, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Hills TV service); business proprietor (Advance Radio, Wynnum Radio Repairs) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949); mill worker (Bargara, Qld, 1954); no occupation (Wynnum, Qld, 1958-1972); technician (Wynnum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''PETERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peterson|Peterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Michael Peterson|Peterson, Adrian Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LN-L7Z] - 1931(SA)-Living - Licences: KA9YPQ; N9GWY - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president (Adventist World Radio); assembled one of the world's largest collections of broadcast QSL cards, now housed at NFSA; broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1940s through 2020s); historian (broadcast, amateur, utility) - Electoral Rolls: student (A. M. College, Cooranbong, NSW, 1954) - Relationships: Son of Frank Walter Peterson - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan.html Wavescan]; [https://radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-m-to-q/adrian-peterson/ NZRDXL Autobiography]

* [[/Frank Walter Peterson|Peterson, Frank Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJN5-8YB] - 1911(SA)-2011(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1920s though 1950s); early collector of broadcast QSLs 1920s &amp; 1930s - Comment: QSL collection survives as part of the Adrian Peterson QSL collection at NFSA - Relationships: Father of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Harold Franz Peterson|Peterson, Harold Franz]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-CV1] - 1888(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Sydney (Coogee, 1930-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 617, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Coogee, 1930-1958)

* [[/Rupert Clarence Peterson|Peterson, Rupert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-VJ3] - 1910(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 7AZ Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922-1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923-1924); 3PT Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 401, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 96, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949; Ivanhoe, 1954-1977); retired (Merimbula, 1980)

* [[/Walter Peterson|Peterson, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QP Melbourne (Toorak, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 689, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kew, 1925); telephone engineer (Kew, 1926-1928); engineer (Toorak, 1931-1937); secretary (Lilydale, 1943-1954); electrical instrument maker (Collingwood North, 1967-1968) - several contemporaneous WPs

* [[/Walter Martin Peterson|Peterson, Walter Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDRD-G6B] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6LW Perth (West Perth, 1937; East Perth, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; City, 1954-1956; City Beach, 1960-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1864, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Balcatta, WA, 1931-1936; North Perth, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1937-1943); radio engineer (East Perth, WA, 1949-1958); lecturer (City Beach, WA, 1963-1977)

===''PETITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petith|Petith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Raymond Frederick Petith|Petith, Joseph Raymond Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7XP-M1W] - 1905(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2PH Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1939; Auburn, 1946-1969; Guildford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 949, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Homebush, NSW, 1936); lead worker (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1963); varnish maker (Guildford, NSW, 1980)

===''PETRUCHENIA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valentine Vincent Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Valentine Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-PR1] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1948-1954); 2VS Sydney (Turramurra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 776, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942; Moonee Ponds, 1949-1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PETTITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pettitt|Pettitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Seymour Bevin Pettitt|Pettitt, Walter Seymour Bevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XW-VJY] - 1906(NZ)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2YD Sydney (Rhodes, 1933-1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1237, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1920+) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943; Concord, NSW, 1949)

===''PHELPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phelps|Phelps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Phelps|Phelps, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D5-97G] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DL Sydney (Canterbury, 1931-1939, 1946; Ashbury, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 769, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1935-1937; Ashfield, 1942; Ashbury, 1949-1963)

===''PHIBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phibbs|Phibbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Raymond Aloysius Phibbs|Phibbs, Arthur Raymond Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G551-F5Z] - 1914(NSW)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2EU Albury (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1456, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cordial maker (Albury, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''PHILBIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Thomas Philbin|Philbin, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKL-L7L] - 1889(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7FP Queenstown (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ulverstone, 1914); electrician (Queenstown, 1919-1937); electrical fitter (Queenstown, 1949-1954); to NSW 1940s
===''PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phillips|Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Albert Phillips|Phillips, Alan William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-LD4] - 1915(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5GX Adelaide (Somerton, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1601, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (St Leonards, SA, 1939; South Plympton, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/A. M. Phillips|Phillips, A. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDN Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Albert Maurice Phillips|Phillips, Albert Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-GGP] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5ZU Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1713, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Russell Phillips|Phillips, Charles Russell &quot;Russell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTB-DQ5] - 1914(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1874, 1937, Vic; COCP2 145, 1938; COCP1 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Mologa, Vic, 1936); wireless operator (Mologa, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Frederic John Mason Phillips|Phillips, Frederic or Frederick John Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L41M-2JH] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2ZQ Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1939, 1946-1958; Pymble, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1044, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1930); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1958; Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon George Phillips|Phillips, Gordon George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7V-TB1] - 1887(NSW)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 93, 1915; 1COCP 321, 1933 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Townsville, 1912-1919); radio telegraphist (Currie, King Island, 1922); telegraphist (South Townsville, 1925); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1937)

* [[/Harry Edward James Thomas Phillips|Phillips, Harry Edward James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZW-SXG] - 1896(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1933; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Merlynstone, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 532, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Newmarket, 1919); butcher (Emerald, 1922; Mitcham, 1924-1936; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1949)

* [[/James Graham Phillips|Phillips, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-8JC] - 1909(SA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 5BW Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1931; Somerton, 1933-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 256, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Somerton, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/606863 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Paul Clifton Phillips|Phillips, John Paul Clifton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4T-H9P] - 1904(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2PP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 915, 1926 (Spark); COCP2 41, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1954)

* [[/John Rich Phillips|Phillips or Rich-Phillips, John Rich]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-KMC] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CD Murraydale (1931-1939, 1947-1948); 3CD Lake Boga (1954-1956); 3CD Melbourne (Narre Warren, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 818, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murraydale, Vic, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel William Phillips|Phillips, Noel William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FX-877] - 1911(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4NP Ipswich (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1396, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Public Works Dept) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Ipswich, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Sydney John Phillips|Phillips, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2ZM-XQ6] - 1901(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1937) (Certainly a typo, see 2ADV Hicks) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 873, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 126, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Narrabeen, NSW, 1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); accountant (Summer Hill, NSW, 1943); company director (Artarmon, NSW, 1954)

* [[/William Hugo Charles Phillips|Phillips, William Hugo Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQHK-1F6] - 1892(Qld)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 11, 1914 - Radio Inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PHILLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Laurance Vincent Phillis|Phillis, Laurance Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5R-98V] - 1900(SA)-1953(SA) - Licences: 5LP Adelaide (South Payneham, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1136, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PHILPOT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Philpot|Philpot, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Hanmer Philpot|Philpot, Clarence Hanmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRM-C7S] - 1906(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Geelong (1923); 3CP Geelong (1924-1925); 3CP Warrnambool (1925-1926); 3KL Ararat (1927); 3KL Avoca (1931-1937); 3KL Horsham (1938-1939); 3KL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 381, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Derrinallum, 1928; Avoca, 1931-1936); postal (Elsternwick, 1942-1980)

* [[/Wesley Rex Philpot|Philpot, Wesley Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMN-Z1K] - 1919(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3EZ Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1948; Mont Park, 1954; Macleod, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2352, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1911, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kew, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Macleod, Vic, 1949-1963); communications officer (Plenty, Vic, 1968); public servant (Diamond Creek, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Nicholson?, Vic, 1980)

===''PHILPOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver Jones Philpott|Philpott, Oliver Jones]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LJ-52T] - 1869(???)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Sandringham, 1919); manager (Caulfield, 1921-1927)
===''PHIPPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phipps|Phipps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roger Sydney Phipps|Phipps, William Roger Sydney &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZX2-Z6G] - 1896(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6WP Perth (Subiaco, 1924-1927; Victoria Park, 1930-1933; South Perth, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 111, 1925, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 16, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Subiaco, 1921); electrical fitter (Subiaco, 1925); radio operator (Victoria Park, 1931; South Perth, 1936-1972)

===''PICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pick|Pick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. W. Pick|Pick, A. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Yowie Bay, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PICKERING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickering|Pickering, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Victor Pickering|Pickering, Arthur Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZC-R19] - 1896(Eng)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2KI Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, 2nd Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''PICKLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickles|Pickles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Jack Pickles|Pickles, Ernest Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2X-SBN] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QV Fennells Bay (1932-1939); 2AAR Kempsey (1950); 2AAR Coffs Harbour (1954); 2AAR Sydney (Kogarah, 1955-1960); 2YK Sydney (Manly, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1027, 1932, NSW; AOLCP 114, 1933; COCP2 243, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Fassifern, NSW, 1933-1943); communications officer (Kempsey, NSW, 1949; Sawtell, NSW, 1954; Kogarah, NSW, 1958-1963; Manly, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''PIEREMONT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pieremont|Pieremont, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Steinberg Pieremont|Pieremont, Neil Steinberg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL16-T7L] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NQ Sydney (Caringbah, 1935-1936; Cronulla, 1937; Port Hacking, 1938-1939; Watsons Bay, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948; Miranda, 1950-1955; Loftus Heights, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Enfield, NSW, 1932); wireless mechanic (Sutherland, NSW, 1932); radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Port Hacking, NSW, 1933-1934; Cronulla, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Gymea, NSW, 1954; Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968; Pearl Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PIGGOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Piggott|Piggott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Lawrence Piggott|Piggott, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMR-RFJ] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2WM Sydney (San Souci, 1934-1937; Kings Cross, 1938; CBD, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1403, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Otford, NSW, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1963); clerk (Cronulla, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PIKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pike|Pike, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Arthur Pike|Pike, John Herbert Arthur &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MT5R-K62] - 1890(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XJP Sydney (Arncliffe, 1911); XDY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); XDZ Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912); 2DF Receive Sydney (Epping, 1922-1924); 2JP Sydney (Epping, 1925-1929; Greenwich, 1930-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 130, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA (research, later draftsman) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Eastwood, NSW, 1913); draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XJP-XDY-XDZ-2DF-2JP - John Herbert Arthur Pike&quot;

* [[/Rodney Vernon Bailey Pike|Pike, Rodney Vernon Bailey or Bayly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55K-39B] - 1917(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ACU Wellington (1937-1939); 2ACU Cowra (1947); 2ACU Coonamble (1948-1957); 2ACU Urunga (1958-1961); 2ACU Coonamble (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 62, 1936; COCP1 134, 1937) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cowra, NSW, 1943); ice manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1949; Coonabarabran, NSW, 1954; Coonamble, NSW, 1958); manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PILGRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Roy Pilgrim|Pilgrim, Clarence Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXM-VJD] - 1893(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XAV Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (9th Reinforcements, Aust Flying Corps, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930-1936); lorry driver (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''PIMBLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pimblett|Pimblett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lewis George Pimblett|Pimblett, Lewis George &quot;Lou&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6Z-CRT] - 1893(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Riverina Wireless (experimental broadcast station VK2ZE ca 1924, later B class licence but never operated) amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1916-1919, Private, AIF); inventor - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic 1928-1931); manager (Mitchell, Vic, 1935-1936; Manly, NSW, 1936-1937; Harbord, NSW, 1943-1954; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.pittwateronlinenews.com/Lewis-George-Pimblett-Mona-Vale-Toymaker-Robotics.php Pittwater Online News]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1973432 Embarkation Roll]; [https://patents.google.com/patent/US2396433A/en Bubble Pipe Patent]

===''PINKNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pinkney|Pinkney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Clare Pinkney|Pinkney, Ronald Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLH-T77] - 1906(SA)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1007, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (Fitzroy, Vic, 1928); grocer (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''PINNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Chalker Pinnell|Pinnell, John Chalker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z5-P4G] - 1902(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923-1924); 2ZR Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1934; Ashfield, 1935-1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Earlwood, 1954-1961; Croydon, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 547, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1934; Ashfield, 1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1949); teacher (Earlwood, 1954-1963); retired (Ashfield, 1968; Mt Kuringai, 1980)

===''PINNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Robert Pinney|Pinney, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJB-WQR] - 1883(Vic)-1945(NSW) - 4CP Port Moresby (Konedobu, 1925-1927) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Light Horse, 2nd Lieutenant to Captain, 1914-1918) - Awards: Military Cross (1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PITCHFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitchford|Pitchford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stuart Frederick Pitchford|Pitchford, William Stuart Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5C-X48] - 1906(Eng)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (City, 1926-1933; Hyde Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 254, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Reade Park, 1939-1943)

===''PITMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitman|Pitman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Harold Pitman|Pitman, Douglas Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K2-TWD] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Wagga Wagga (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1254, 1934, NSW; BOCP 651, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor (Pitman Communications, Wagga Wagga) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935-1943); radio engineer (Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PITTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pittard|Pittard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred William Pittard|Pittard, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8T-4LW] - 1907(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6AP Perth (Nedlands, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2379, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: taxi driver (Fremantle, WA, 1931-1937); salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1958)

===''PITTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitts|Pitts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Graham Pitts|Pitts, Reginald Graham or Graham Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGB-56Y] - 1915(SA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 5GP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1934-1939); 5GP Alice Springs (1947); 5GE Port Augusta (1955-1975); 5GE Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1377, 1934, SA; 2COCP 189, 1938; 1COCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Torrensville, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Alice Springs, NT, 1949)

===''PLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Place|Place, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Place|Place, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SB-TG3] - 1891(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XAJ Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); telephone technician (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949)

===''PLANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plant|Plant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Plant|Plant, William John &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KN-X1L] - 1921(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AMM Newcastle (Junction, 1939; Hamilton, 1946-1947; Stockton, 1948-1956; Maitland, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2315, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Stockton, NSW, 1943-1954); fitter &amp; turner (Maitland, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''PLEMING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pleming|Pleming, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Henry Pleming|Pleming, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N58-46N] - 1917(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Springhurst (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2368, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: National Medal, 1989; Aus Fire Service Medal, 1995 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Springhurst, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''PLOWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plowman|Plowman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce McInnes Plowman|Plowman, Bruce McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-4K9] - 1919(Tas)-2018(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3QC Bendigo (1938-1939); 3QC Terang (1947-1948); 3QC Melbourne (Brighton, 1954); 3QC Wangaratta (1955-1980+); 3AQC Portable &amp; Mobile Terang (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2073, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Terang, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1954); manager (Wangaratta, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''POCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pocock|Pocock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Arthur Henry Pocock|Pocock, James Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-86Z] - 1919(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2413, 1939, NSW - amateur operator?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stockyard Creek via Copmanhurst, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Carrs Creek via Grafton, NSW, 1963); insurance agent (Lismore, NSW, 1968); agent (Lismore, NSW, 1972); salesman (Goonellabah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''POLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pole|Pole, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Edward Pole|Pole, Keith Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1C3-1H2] - 1922(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3IM Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947); 3UN Melbourne (Heathmont, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2366, 1939, Vic; BOCP 424, 1942; COCP2 575, 1942; COCP1 597, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); electrical engineer (Heathmont, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''POLLARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollard|Pollard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Pollard|Pollard, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCVD-W57] - 1892(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XCV Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied to enlist, 1917, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''POLLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollock|Pollock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Pollock|Pollock, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-R5H]- 1911(Eng)-1985(Sct) - Licences: 2XU Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1935; Normanhurst, 1936); 2XY Medlow Bath (1937); Kearsley (1938-1939); 2FU Sydney (Summer Hill, 1954-1961); 2FU Blaxland (1965-1969); 2FU Wentworth Falls (1975-1980); 2YQ Portable Sydney (Belmore, 1935); 2YQ Portable Stanford Merthyr (1936); 2YQ Sydney (Kearsley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 770, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 78, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Medlow Bath, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1954-1963); television engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1963); engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henderson Pollock|Pollock, John Henderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFM-9TQ] - 1895(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Moorooka, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Moorooka, Qld, 1922-1926); insurance manager (Townsville, Qld, 1928-1937); insurance agent (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''POLMEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Polmear|Polmear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Samuel Robert Polmear|Polmear, Oliver Samuel Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHPF-KGY] - 1906(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AEO Wagga Wagga (1937-1939); 2AEO Sydney (Campsie, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1860, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Albury, NSW, 1930; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1937; Campsie, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''PONSONBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Bessborough Ponsonby|Ponsonby, John Bessborough]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 466, 1919; 1COCP 50, 1930 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls:

===''POPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maitland Glen Pope|Pope, Maitland Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ4K-FN6] - 1884(WA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 122, 1915; 1COCP 153, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1906); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); civil servant (Hobart North, Tas, 1914); officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1919-1921); wireless expert (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1927-1931); supervisor (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''PORTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Glanville Porter|Porter, Leonard Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-765] - 1897(SA)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5MP Huddlestone (1938-1939; 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 966, 1927; 1COCP 73, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1924); wireless operator (5PI Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''POTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Potter|Potter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Frank Ernest Potter|Potter, Alfred Frank Ernest &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBGM-294] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2114, 1938, Vic; BOCP 191, 1938; TVOCP 16, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Newmarket, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); director (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1972); TV director (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/potter-alfred-frank-ernest-alf-32890 ADB]

* [[/Edward Thomas Potter|Potter, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-38V] - 1915(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6ZO Perth (East Fremantle, 1937-1939; Bicton, 1947-1965; Melville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1959, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (East Fremantle, WA, 1937-1943); contractor (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1958; Melville, 1963); builder (Melville, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/William Francis Potter|Potter, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G878-638] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2WP Helensburgh (1928-1939); 2WP Fairy Meadow (1948-1950); 2WP Charlestown (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 399, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 38, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Helensburgh, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1949); shiftman (Charlestown, NSW, 1954); electrical mechanic (Charlestown, NSW, 1958); railway employee (New Lambton, NSW, 1958)

===''POTTIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pottie|Pottie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Pottie|Pottie, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V3D-JFZ] - 1909(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HQ Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931; Hunters Hill, 1933-1938; Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 589, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1933; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''POULSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Poulsen|Poulsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valdemar Poulsen|Poulsen, Valdemar]] - 1869(Denmark)-1942(Denmark) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - inventor of a magnetic wire recorder, Poulsen arc transmitter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [[w:Valdemar Poulsen|Wikipedia]]; [https://ethw.org/Valdemar_Poulsen IEEE]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valdemar-Poulsen Britannica]

===''POWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powell|Powell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Powell|Powell, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-BHS] - 1902(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1935-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); piano tuner (Vaucluse, NSW, 1931-1963)

* [[/Harry Dalzell Powell|Powell, Harry Dalzell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HF-5J8] - 1900(Tas)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1135, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Town, Tas, 1943); inspector (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); accountant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''POWER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Power|Power, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Power|Power, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''POWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powers|Powers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Agar Thorburn Powers|Powers, Lionel Agar Thorburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-632] - 1909(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3PS Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3APS Casterton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1080, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Cowes, Vic, 1949; Casterton, Vic, 1954-1967); manager (Casterton, Vic, 1972)

===''PRATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pratt|Pratt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan James Pratt|Pratt, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKJ-RDP] - 1916(NSW)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 2AHE Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Oatley, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1980, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: despatch clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); broadcasting technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''PRENTICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prentice|Prentice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Theodore McLaren Prentice|Prentice, Edward Theodore McLaren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSQ4-LMG] - 1894(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LU Sydney (Lane Cove, 1930-1934; Carlingford, 1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 617, 1921; COCP2 265, 1930; COCP1 294, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1935-1943)

* [[/Thomas Ferguson Prentice|Prentice, Thomas Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZF4-8FR] - 1911(NSW)-????(Vic) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1931-1933; Malvern, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 842, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Father also TFP - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1949); electrical engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mildura, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''PRESCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prescott|Prescott, Prescott]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Prescott|Prescott, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTVS-CXH] - 1857(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 251 Sydney (Stanmore, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Clergyman (Newington College, Petersham, NSW, 1903-1932; Blackheath, NSW, 1933; Ashfield, NSW, 1935-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/prescott-charles-john-8105 ADB]

===''PRESDEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Presdee|Presdee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clarence Presdee|Presdee, Leslie Clarence &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK7H-RJQ] - 1897(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XAI Wollongong (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; applied to enlist AIF (WW1) but rejected on medical grounds - Electoral Rolls: law student (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); law clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1931-1933); clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lilyfield, NSW, 1943); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XAI - Leslie Clarence Presdee&quot;

===''PRESTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Arthur Campbell Preston|Preston, Thomas Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDV-FFD] - 1886(Tas)-1970(Tas) - Licences: 7BK Queenstown (1923-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 190, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Mount Lyell Co (electrical engineer, 1920s; chief engineer) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Queenstown, 1919-1954)

===''PRESTON-SMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Cedric Preston-Smith see Cedric Preston Smith

===''PRICE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Clarey Price|Price, John Clarey &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7GR-V19] - 1884(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4CE (Receive) 1922; 4FI or 4FJ Brisbane (Bardon, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); radio business proprietor (Wireless House); public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wooloowin, 1912-1913); public servant (Bardon Estate, 1919-1936; Bardon, 1943-1954)
* [[/Keith Ferguson Price|Price, Keith Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-TPD] - 1900(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4KF Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1937, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1926); engineering instructor (Camp Hill, Qld, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PRIDDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Priddle|Priddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Arthur Priddle|Priddle, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-PNF] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Bathurst (1929-1936); 2RA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Greenwich, 1946; Pymble, 1947-1965; Wahroonga, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 473, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Yass, 1935; Marrickville, 1936-1943; Lane Cove, 1943; Pymble, 1949-1963); engineer (Wahroonga, 1968)

===''PRIDEAUX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Charles Prideaux|Prideaux, Joseph Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-Y6H] - 1908(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4DS Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: musician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1943); hairdresser (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1968)
===''PRIDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pridham|Pridham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clifford Pridham|Pridham, Leslie Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK2-H6C] - 1916(SA)-2007(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2047, 1937, SA; BOCP 301, 1940; 1COCP 834, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Lockleys, SA, 1943)

===''PRIMMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Primmer|Primmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Henry Charles Primmer|Primmer, Richard Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP69-XMV] - 1887(Eng)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Receive Sydney (Gordon, 1923); 2RP Sydney (Gordon, 1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Gordon, NSW, 1913); cinematographer (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1935)

===''PRINCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prince|Prince, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Prince|Prince, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKT-ZLR] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5WK Adelaide (Walkerville, 1934-1939; Kurralta Park, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1358, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Queenstown, SA, 1941); fitter (Gracemere, SA, 1943); sheet metal worker (Broadview Gardens, SA, 1943)

===''PRINGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pringle|Pringle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Yeoman Pringle|Pringle, Albert Yeoman &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CN-S13] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3BT Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3MM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1927); wireless engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1954); radio engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1958-1968; Mont Albert, Vic, 1972)

===''PRIOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prior|Prior, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lancelot Sidney Prior|Prior, Lancelot Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-MXB] - 1913(WA)-1984(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely used the 6MO Watheroo Magnetic Observatory licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2239, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); geophysicist (Watheroo, WA, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Malvern, Vic, 1963; Braddon, ACT, 1968-1972; Claremont, WA, 1977-1980)

===''PRITCHARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albyrt Edward James Pritchard|Pritchard, Albyrt Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNL8-LC8] - 1897(Vic)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XNM Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914); 3DY Receive Melbourne (North Brunswick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 511, 1920 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1922); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1925-1928); garage proprietor (Tyabb, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); nil (Upwey, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Blacktown, NSW, 1963; Galston, NSW, 1968)
* [[/Athol Charles Joseph Pritchard|Pritchard, Athol Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLD-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3CP Melbourne (Kew, 1931-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 805, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); nil (Kew, Vic, 1943); builder (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1967; East Kew, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PROPOSCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilhelm Carl Lormann Proposch|Proposch, Wilhelm or William Carl Lormann or Forman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVN-TGW] - 1900(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4PL Chinchilla (1937-1939); 4PL Nanango (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1986, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wellborer (Maclargan via Jondaryan, Qld, 1925-1936); radio dealer (Chinchilla, Qld, 1937; Nanango, Qld, 1943-1968)

===''PROUT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prout|Prout, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Prout|Prout, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFH2-9VQ] - 1902(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CT Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1925-1931); fitter (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1949; Mt Claremont, WA, 1954-1972)

===''PROWSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prowse|Prowse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Richard Prowse|Prowse, Roy Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKVT-GKK] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1954; Bentleigh, 1960); 3XY Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1770, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Caulfield East, Vic, 1949-1954; Bentleigh South, Vic, 1963-1967; Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PRYOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pryor|Pryor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Arthur William Pryor|Pryor, Geoffrey Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9V-NC1] - 1918(NSW)-2004(???) - Licences: 2AMP Sydney (Croydon North, 1939; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2304, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); shipping officer (Croydon, NSW, 1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PRYZBILLA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Alfred Pryzibilla|Pryzibilla, Colin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKD-1SY] - 1910(SA)-2001(SA)91yo - Licences: 5XJ Adelaide (Parkside, 1935-1939, 19471960; Brooklyn Park, 1965-1969; Ascot Park, 1975; Plympton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1590, 1935, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pugh|Pugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Stuart Pugh|Pugh, Clifford Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KWJL-7G3] - 1897(Vic)-1966(USA) - Licences: XOI Melbourne (Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 604, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 14th Battalion) - Comment: Migrated to USA 1926 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Preston, Vic, 1921-1925)

* [[/Eric Gordon Pugh|Pugh, Eric Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYDY-PHY] - 1912(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ADK Kempsey (1936-1939); 2ADK Sydney (Concord West, 1946-1948; Ryde, 1950-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1740, 1936, NSW; BOCP 553, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1937); senior radio inspector (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''PURDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdie|Purdie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Robert Purdie|Purdie, Richard Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-JBS] - 1902(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Windsor, 1931; Richmond, 1933; Windsor, 1935-1939); 2ARP Sydney (Wentworthville, 1946-1947; Pendle Hill, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 334, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Richmond, Vic, 1926); wireless operator (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); airman (RAAF Station, Parkes, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Pendle Hill, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PURDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdon|Purdon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Commodore Vere Purdon|Purdon, Commodore Vere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ28-Y6B] - 1901(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1922); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1922; Hobart South, 1928; Bellerive, 1936-1954)

===''PURSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purssell|Purssell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Roger Purssell|Purssell, John Roger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV5-NND] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIN Sydney (Lakemba, 1937-1939; Bankstown West, 1946-1948; Lakemba, 1950-1969; Oyster Bay, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2009, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1937); steelworker (Bankstown, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1949-1968); technical officer (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1972); retired (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PURVIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purvis|Purvis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clive William Purvis|Purvis, Clive William &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD4-Y7K] - 1913(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3PC Melbourne (Armadale, 1937-1939, 1947; Elsternwick, 1948; Bentleigh, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1911, 1937, Vic; COCP2 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937); sales (Armadale, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

=='''Q'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''QUICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quick|Quick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Quick|Quick, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKWF-QQF] - 1852(Eng)-1932(Vic) - state politician (MLA Vic, 1880s &amp; 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1909-1910), oversight of 1909 Melbourne Wireless Telegraphy Conference - Links: [[w:John_Quick_(politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/quick-sir-john-8140 ADB]

* [[/Maurice Royal Quick|Quick, Maurice Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYHS-Z69] - 1915(???)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (West Preston, 1935-1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 4MQ Toowoomba (1947); 3RQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1948; Nunawading, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1542, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Preston, Vic, 1937); rigger (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1937-1943); RAAF (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); technical officer (Nunawading, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''QUILTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quilty|Quilty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Edward Quilty|Quilty, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR27-R35] - 1915(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2AHQ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1967, 1937, NSW; COCP1 312, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1943); typist (Bondi, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''QUIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quin|Quin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kenneth Quin|Quin, Alan Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-HZ3] - 1915(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3OY Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 902, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1968); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles Quin|Quin, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-TP8] - 1910(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CX Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937; Wembley, 1938-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 678, 1930, WA; AOLCP 178, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wembley Park, 1937); accountant (Swanbourne, 1963); retired (Swanbourne, 1972-1977)

* [[/Charles Cuffe Quin|Quin, Charles Cuffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQS-MKJ] - 1915(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 3WQ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1934-1939; Kew, 1947-1948); 2AWQ Sydney (Russell Lea, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1310, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); storeman (Kew, Vic, 1943-1949); manager (Summer Hill, NSW, 1954; Five Dock, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''QUINN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quinn|Quinn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Norman Quinn|Quinn, David Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQW-23H] - 1891(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 18, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915); supervisor (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1943)

===''QUODLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quodling|Quodling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Newton Quodling|Quodling, Harold Newton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGG-VBV] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YE Receive Sydney (Beecroft, 1923); 2QL Sydney (Beecroft, 1931-1933); 2AGA Sydney (Beecroft, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 818, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 128, 1930; COCP1 101, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio-telephone (Beecroft, NSW, 1932-1935); radio engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1943-1954); sales engineer (Epping, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Westmead, NSW, 1980)

=='''R'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''RADCLYFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Edward Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4K-ZT3] - 1907(South Africa)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADM Canberra (Ainslie, 1936-1939; Braddon, 1947-1955); 2AIX Canberra portable (Ainslie, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1758, 1936, ACT; COCP1 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Blackburn, Vic, 1931; Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1937); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958-1977);  retired (Mossy Point, NSW, 1980)

===''RADFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radford|Radford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Dynan Radford|Radford, Wilfred or William Dynan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/92MT-KNF] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 4WV Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); 4WW Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1624, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theological student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Toongabbie, NSW, 1954); priest (Marist College, Armidale, NSW, 1958; Toongabbie, NSW, 1963-1968; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RAEBEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Raebel|Raebel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Cook Raebel|Raebel, Leslie Cook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7N-HDX] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 3HI Melbourne (Elwood, 1947); 9HI Port Moresby (1948-1965); 4LC Mt Tamborine (1969); 6HX Mt Helena (1975); 6HX Australind (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2165, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (North Tamborine, Qld, 1969-1972); retired (Australind, WA, 1977-1980)

===''RAGLESS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Beaumont Ragless|Ragless, Gordon Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY3-58F] - 1909(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5GR Adelaide (St Marys, 1928-1939; Marion, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 434, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchard assistant (St Marys, 1939-1943)

===''RAINBOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rainbow|Rainbow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher James Rainbow|Rainbow, Christopher James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87K-BB5] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Melbourne (Preston, 1928-1954; West Preston, 1955-1969; Rosebud, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 406, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; partnership (Supreme Radio Co, Preston ?-1932); WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3PA Percy James Anderson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Preston, 1931-1942); traveller (Preston, 1949-1972; Rosebud, 1977); retired (Rosebud, 1980)

===''RAMAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ramage|Ramage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Erwin Ramage|Ramage, James Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF1D-5W9] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AHP Sydney (Abbotsford, 1937-1939); 2HK Sydney (Botany, 1946; Hornsby, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1966, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RAMSAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Charles Ramsay|Ramsay, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-4RT] - 1871(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Toowong, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hermit Park, Qld, 1903-1905; South Brisbane, Qld, 1912; West End, Qld, 1915-1919); accountant (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925; Waverley, NSW, 1930-1934); teacher (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1943)
* [[/Robert Ramsay|Ramsay, Robert ]] - 1842(Sct)-1882(Vic) - solicitor, Victorian politician, Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1874 - Aug 1875; Oct 1875 - May 1877)

===''RANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Randell|Randell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Burney Francis Henry Randell|Randell, Burney Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQM3-623] - 1906(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Laverton, 1935-1938); 2ALN Sydney (Windsor, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1538, 1935, Vic; COCP1 294, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936); airman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937; Kilaben Bay, NSW, 1943; South Perth, WA, 1949-1968)

* [[/Charles Otto Randell|Randell, Charles Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97TF-XLP] - 1880(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BK Innisfail (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster (callsign to 4BK Brisbane commercial 1930) - Comment: 4AC Leslie Waters employed by Randell Engineering - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Hambledon, 1903); chemist (Goondi, 1908); engineer (Innisfail, 1912-1913); mechanical engineer (Townsville, 1915); analytical chemist (Innisfail, 1919-1930); agent (Toowong, 1936); chemist (Brisbane, 1937); industrial chemist (North Sydney, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;4BK - Charles Otto Randell&quot;

===''RANKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rankin|Rankin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Ronald Rankin|Rankin, Kenneth Ronald &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RC-8FS] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3KR Kerang (1926-1939); 3KR Benalla (1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 242, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kerang, Vic, 1928-1937); manager (Benalla, Vic, 1949-1963) - Probate: Theatre Manager (Benalla, 1965)

* [[/Ronald John Rankin|Rankin, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYG2-Q3R] - 1917(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1632, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1943); RAAF Officer (Bradfield Park, NSW, 1949); RAAF (Yangoona, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Isle of Capri, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''RANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rann|Rann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George William Rann|Rann, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VMV] - 1908(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6KO Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1000, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Nedlands, WA, 1931); printer (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley, WA, 1937-1943; Leederville, WA, 1954-1958); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1963-1972)

===''RATCLIFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Herbert John Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, James Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-91H] - 1920(Tas)-1976(Tas) - Licences: 3RA Powelltown (1947); 7RA Hobart (Battery Point, 1948; Lindisfarne, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2305, 1939, Vic; BOCP 211, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Rose Bay, Tas, 1954)

===''RAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olaf Edwin Rawson|Rawson, Olaf Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JH-ZKX] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: XPL Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: tobacconist (Mansfield, Vic, 1921-1924); police constable (Middle Park, Vic, 1925-1926); constable (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); police constable (Alexandra, Vic, 1936-1937; Murtoa, Vic, 1942); constable (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''RAYNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rayner|Rayner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Rayner|Rayner, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQQ-2LK] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1928-1930; Belmore, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 384, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 425, 1933; 1COCP 335, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Annandale, NSW, 1930); constable (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1934); police constable (Belmore, NSW, 1937-1949)

* [[/Roy Hamilton Rayner|Rayner, Roy Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDX-4B9] - 1911(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2DO Yass (1932-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1020, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Yass, NSW, 1936-1943); leather trade (Yass, NSW, 1949-1963); depot attendant (Yass, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''READ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Earl Read|Read, Alfred Earl &quot;Earl&quot;]] - 1892(NZ)-1960(NZ) - journalist (editor NZ Radio Times to 1936; editor and proprietor, Australasian Radio World 1936-1940; manager, Australasian Radio World 1940+)
* [[/Allan William Read|Read, Allan William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1B-WF2] - 1913(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6LK Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933); 6LK Northam (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 735, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 163, 1934; 1COCP 83, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broadcasting Station, Northam, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1943-1958); public servant (Nollamara, WA, 1963-1980)
* [[/Edgar Henry William Read|Read, Edgar Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXQ-SCK] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Carlton, 1926; Brunswick, 1927-1931; East Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 274, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP, 350, 1931; 1COCP, 381, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1932; Camberwell, Vic, 1936); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cairns, Qld, 1941-1949); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1954); civil aviation officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Greensborough, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/Eric Vernon Read|Read, Eric Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJX7-LHY] - 1915(Tas)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 3AIR 987, 1947; 1AIR 23, 1947 - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF)  - Electoral Rolls: officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Graceville, Qld, 1941); Malvern, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); surveyor (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Sorrento, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Frederick Charles Read|Read, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Z-21P] - 1892(NSW)-1935(WA) - Licences: XYN Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: cable tester (Victoria Park, WA, 1914-1917); telephone mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1931)

===''READER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/d'Arcy Harold Reader|Reader, d'Arcy Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KX-8N8] - 1888(NZ)-1952(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 123, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1916-1917)

===''READING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Charles Reading|Reading, Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZW7-9DL] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Bangalow (1925-1929); 2LT Lismore (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrician, Reading Bros (proprietor &amp; electrical engineer, 1930-1939) - Callsign: 2RG callsign may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 2RG Griffith commercial - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bangalow, NSW, 1930-1937); electrical mechanic (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical fitter (Lismore, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Leonard William Reading|Reading, Leonard William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2LY-H23] - 1904(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6LR Northam (1933-1936); 3TQ Newport (1937); 6LR Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939; South Perth, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1200, 1933, Vic; 1COCP 384, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Northam, WA, 1925-1936; Newport, Vic, 1937); airman (South Perth, WA, 1943); supervisor (Karinup, WA, 1980)

===''REAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reay|Reay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Reay|Reay, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP4-Y5V] - 1866(Vic)-1923(Vic) - Licences: XOR Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Carlton, Vic, 1909; Brighton, Vic, 1912-1919); storeman (Fitzroy, Vic, 1921; Middle Park, Vic, 1921-1922)

===''REDDACLIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Arthur Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2BF-2S2] - 1918(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEX Sydney (Gladesville, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Eastwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1831, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1949); public servant (Eastwood, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''REDDROP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddrop|Reddrop, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James William Reddrop|Reddrop, James William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1T-SYY] - 1906(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Launceston (1934-1937); 3BN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 28, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: airman (Elsternwick, 1931; St Kilda, 1937); air force (Elsternwick, 1942-1954); air force officer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958); RAAF officer (Campbell, 1963); retired (Hackett, ACT, 1968); representative (Tbre Lake, 1972-1980)

===''REECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reece|Reece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Alfred Reece|Reece, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT71-X8H] - 1917(NSW)-1981(WA) - Licences: 2AMV Broken Hill (1939); 6JP Bibra Lake (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2343, 1939, NSW; BOCP 296, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: coppersmith (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943); farmer (Bibra Lake, WA, 1949-1980)

===''REED''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reed|Reed, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril John Reed|Reed, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-JL3] - 1914(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3IX Melbourne (Spotswood, 1938-1939; Footscray, 1947-1956; Essendon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2106, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Newport, Vic, 1936-1937; Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954; Essendon, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Donald William Reed|Reed, Donald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23K-8PZ] - 1912(NSW)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 2DR Sydney (Waitara, 1931-1939, 1946-1954); 2ADR Sydney (Waitara, 1958-1960); 2ADR Muswellbrook (1975); 2ADR Ulladulla (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 852, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 385, 1940; COCP1 467, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Waitara, NSW, 1934-1943); agent (Waitara, NSW, 1949-1954); buyer (Waitara, NSW, 1958); radio officer (Ulladulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Andrew Reed|Reed, Joseph Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-9N1] - 1905(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 950, 1932, NSW; COCP3 463, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1933); police constable (Bowral, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936); constable (Clovelly, NSW, 1937-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Joseph Griffiths Reed|Reed, Joseph Griffiths &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC6Y-GZZ] - 1897(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XABP Newcastle (1914); 2JR Sydney(Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Croydon, 1934-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 710, 1922; 1COCP 235, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABP-2JR - Joseph Griffiths Reed&quot;

===''REEDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Bennett Reedman|Reedman, Alfred Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLN-MVM] - 1896(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Norman Park, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919-1921; Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1980)

===''REES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Rees, Alun Morris - See Morris-Rees, Alun 
* [[/Richard Montague Elyder Rees|Rees, Richard Montague Elyder]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXW-S6Y] - 1901(Eng)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 2RE Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1927; Coogee, 1928-1930); 2WM Sydney (Enfield, 1931-1933); 2APW Albury (1946-1947); 3APW Darling (1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 296, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 959, 1927; 2COCP 283, 1930; BOCP 107, 1937; 1COCP 941, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1931-1937)
* [[/Roy Benjamin Rees|Rees, Roy Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQV-5S6] - 1894(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XLN Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1919-1924; Sydenham, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1930-1972)

===''REEVES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Herbert Reeves|Reeves, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-X92] - 1905(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CR Perth (Claremont, 1931-1933; Victoria Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 746, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Claremont, WA, 1931; Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1943; Wagin, WA, 1954; Fremantle, WA, 1958; East Fremantle, WA, 1963-1972)

===''REID''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reid|Reid, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Houston Reid|Reid, Alan Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PY-BH6] - 1910(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3UL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3HR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1933); 3AHR Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 275, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1931); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1967; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Gordon William Reid|Reid, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Y2-85X] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2FZ Temora (1932-1939); 2OW Temora (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 977, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Temora, NSW, 1930-1963); electrician (Temora, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/John Reid|Reid, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3G-PDG] - 1901(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BE Melbourne (Werribee, 1937); 6BE Perth (RAAF, Pearce, 1938); 3AJR Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 26, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRs - Electoral Rolls: retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Dwyer Reilly|Reilly, Edward or Edwin Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S5-67P] - 1913(Vic)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (Woodville, 1935-1939; Brooklyn Park, 1947-1975; Aldinga, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1524, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Woodville, SA, 1939-1943)
* [[/Eric Harold Reilly|Reilly, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L153-S1X] - 1905(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4ER Brisbane (Hill End, 1934-1937); 4ER Laidley (1938-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1339, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ, WICEN) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Hill End, Qld, 1934-1937); motor mechanic (Laidley, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''REIMANN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Alwin Reimann|Reimann, Albert Alwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4RD-V3K] - 1905(SA)-1946(SA) - Licences: 5JO Adelaide (Kent Town, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 453, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''REINARTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Leonard Reinartz|Reinartz, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94X7-XYL] - 1894(Ger)-1964(USA) - Licences: 1QP (1908-?); 1XAM; W3RB; K6BJ - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator - Comment: with Fred Schnell made first Trans-Atlantic 2 Way QSO with F8AB Leon Deloy - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/1QP/ Ham Gallery]

===''REINHOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Cyril Reinhold|Reinhold, Edwin Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHH4-WWR] - 1900(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: Q747 Receive Brisbane (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clayfield, 1925); motor mechanic (Gracefield, 1931-1949); soldier (Sherwood, 1954-1980)

===''RENNIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/F. Rennie|Rennie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HI Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/J. M. Rennie|Rennie, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QF Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/K. M. Rennie|Rennie, K. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AO Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''RENSHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Phillip Renshaw|Renshaw, Walter Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9KS-1LX] - 1891(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFP Sydney (Roseville, 1912-1914); 2DE Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 370, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator - amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIA NSW - 1912+, President, Federal President); professional clubs (IRE NSW - founding member); business (consulting engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Hon. Sec. WIA NSW) - Comment: late 1930s entangled in a NSW State Government corruption enquiry - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Roseville, 1936-1954; Ashfield, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFP-2DE - Walter Phillip Renshaw&quot;

===''RENWICK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Griffith Renwick|Renwick, Arthur Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-8XV] - 1902(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 292, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Roseville, 1930-1937); chemist (Drummoyne, 1943-1954); retail chemist (Strathfield, 1958-1963)

===''RETALLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Retallick|Retallick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Moncrieff Retallick|Retallick, James Moncrieff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKK3-QDW] - 1898(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Bellingen (1930-1939, 1946-1947); 2FE Portable Bellingen (1933-1939); 2XO Raleigh (1948-1955); 2XO Coffs Harbour (1956-1958); 2XO Urunga (1960-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 664, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Substation, Raleigh, 1949-1954); electrical mechanic (Urunga, 1963-1968)

===''REYNOLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reynolds|Reynolds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Pretoria Reynolds|Reynolds, Arthur Pretoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F6-6PX] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Oatley, 1931-1936); 2AP Parkes (1937); 2AP Albury (1938-1939); 2AP Sydney (Richmond, 1946-1960); 2AP Katoomba (1961-1965); 2AP Leura (1969); 2AP Blackheath (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 34, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Oatley, NSW, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1937; Richmond, NSW, 1943-1958; Leura, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Shipley, NSW, 1972)

* [[/George Daniel Reynolds|Reynolds, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9J-VBQ] - 1886(NZ)-1964(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 180, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1917; Cooktown, 1928); radio (Malvern, 1934-1937); wireless operator (New Farm, 1943); radio station manager (Townsville, 1949); retired (Malvern, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Patrick Reynolds|Reynolds, Reginald Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH3-V8S] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Temora (1931-1933); 2RH Leeton (1933); 2RH Wagga Wagga (1935-1938); 2RH Young (1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 211, 1931; AOLCP 52, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1958; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Randwick, NSW, 1968); technician (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald James Reynolds| Reynolds, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNH-BFX] - 1912(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2AFR Sydney (Granville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Westmead, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1855, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Granville, NSW, 1934-1937); telegraphist (Granville, NSW, 1943); postal employee (Westmead, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''REYNOLDSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Laurence Reynoldson|Reynoldson, Edmund Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QH-63N] - 1895(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XKB Strathmerton (1913-1914); 3FC Receive Melbourne (City, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 673, 1921 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 (Signal Engineers, 2nd Division); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Comment: Brother Leonard Mood Reynoldson killed at Bullecourt - Electoral Rolls: operator (Brighton, Vic, 1922); postmaster (St James, Echuca, Vic, 1924-1926; Hayfield, Vic, 1931-1954); nil (Ringwood East, Vic, 1963)

===''RHEUBEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Owen Rheuben|Rheuben, Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNYD-98M] - 1893(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XLL Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3UA Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: turner (South Melbourne, Vic, 1914); engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1927-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1963); retired (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''RHODES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Rhodes|Rhodes, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BS-QMC] - 1887?(???)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Kadina (1923); 5HR Kadina (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Needs more research - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quorn, 1939-1943; Grassmere, 1943)

===''RIBBETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas John Ribbett|Ribbett, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQQ-YRJ] - 1880(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RICH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Fry Rich|Rich, Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-YZ3] - 1873(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 4CR Fife Bay, Papua - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 4VX 2AJZ 9VX 2API Mackendrick Charles William Rich - Electoral Rolls: retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1949)
* [[/Mackendrick Charles William Rich|Rich, Mackendrick Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-5MB] - 1903(PNG)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 4VX Samarai, Papua (1938-1939); 2AJZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1946); 9VX Port Moresby (1947-1948); 2API Sydney (Manly Vale, 1954-1955; Balgowlah, 1956-1969; Manly Vale, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 4CR Charles Fry Rich - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Manly Vale, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Manly Vale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICHARDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/G. F. Richards|Richards, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (Moonah, 1923); 2237 Hobart (Moonah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/George Richards|Richards, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDM-JZ6] - 1888(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4XK Ipswich (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 575, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Silkstone, 1917-1932; Booval, 1936-1958)
* [[/Maurice Evans Richards|Richards, Maurice Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-KPB] - 1910(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5CY Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); 5MR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 369, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Likely a relation of 5WR Wilfred Mayo Richards - Electoral Rolls: welder (Millswood East, SA, 1943) 
* [[/Norman Henry Richards|Richards, Norman Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-NL1] - 1912(Eng)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 4NR Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1071, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1937); mechanic (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1943); refrigeration engineer (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1963-1968); retired (Glasshouse Mountains, Qld, 1972-1977; Tin Can Bay, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Victor John Richards|Richards, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-3HH] - 1916(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6JR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1894, 1937, WA; 2COCP 265, 1939; 1COCP 367, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Nedlands, WA, 1937); radio operator (Alice Springs, NT, 1943); machinery assistant (Wivenhoe, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Darlinghurst West, NSW, 1949; Charters Towers, Qld, 1949)); radio operator (Carlingford, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Blacktown, NSW, 1958); technician (Applecross, WA, 1958-1972); radio officer (Applecross, WA, 1977-1980)
* [[/Wilfred Mayo Richards|Richards, Wilfred Mayo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-6W4] - 1896(SA)-1948(SA) - 5WR Adelaide (Medindie Gardens, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 364, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - certainly a relation of 5MR Maurice Evans Richards

===''RICHARDSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richardson|Richardson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kennington Richardson|Richardson, Alan Kennington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRM-73L] - 1914(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5AR Adelaide (Everard Park, 1934-1939; City, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1277, 1934, SA; AOLCP 201, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Everard Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Charles Augustus Richardson|Richardson, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-45H] - 1905(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2PT Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 922, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1943); RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); salesman (St Kilda, Vic, 1954); sales (Toorak, Vic, 1954-1963); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Henry Richardson|Richardson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZG-11X] - 1919(Tas)-2003(???) - Licences: 7GR Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1980); 2NMF Sydney (Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2302, 1939, Tas; BOCP 293, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, Tas, 1943; Queenborough, Tas, 1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954-1963)  

* [[/Jasper Bede Richardson|Richardson, Jasper Bede]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-LTY] - 1907(WA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 6LX Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1933; Hollywood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 831, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Hollywood, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; East Fremantle, WA, 1949); mechanic (Bicton, WA, 1954-1968)

* [[/John Keith Richardson|Richardson, John Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QQ-76P] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Tas) - Licences: 4KR Barcaldine (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: overseer (&quot;Ashgrove&quot;, Gore, 1930-1932) - Trovetag: &quot;4KR - John Keith Richardson&quot;

* [[/Laurence Ross Nelson Richardson|Richardson, Laurence Ross Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-7RH] - 1914(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3LD Melbourne (Armadale, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 821, 1931, Vic; AOLCP 116, 1933; COCP2 258, 1939; COCP1 303, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1937); nil (Bayswater, Vic, 1949); technician (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert John Richardson|Richardson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYX6-FTT] - 1912(Vic)-2004(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Collingwood, 1936-1939; Cheltenham, 1947-1975); 3ZP Moe (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1785, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Collingwood, Vic, 1934-1937); machinist (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942; Heatherton, Vic, 1949-1967); PMG employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1977); retired (Moe, Vic, 1980)

===''RICHES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riches|Riches, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney James William Riches|Riches, Sydney James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RF-1ST] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 34, 1931; AOCP 1784, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1937); farmer (Larpent, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''RICH-PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rich-Phillips|Rich-Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE PHILLIPS, principally John Rich Phillips

===''RICHMOND''===

* [[/Cecil Harry Garbett Richmond|Richmond, Cecil Harry Garbett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTB-MV6] - 1910(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2059, 1937, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Awards: Imperial Service Medal (1970, Shipping Dept, clerical assistant) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Holland Park, Qld, 1943-1972); retired (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''RICHTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richter|Richter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Wilfred Richter|Richter, Roy Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCN-XHW] - 1920(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ADP Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939); 2ACR Sydney (Manly Vale, 1961; Belrose, 1965-1969); 2ACR Ellenboraugh via Wauchope (1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1741, 1936, NSW; COCP2 146, 1938; COCP1 194, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Manly, NSW, 1949; Collaroy, NSW, 1954); manager (Fairlight, NSW, 1958); engineer (Manly Vale, NSW, 1963); manufacturer (Belrose, NSW, 1972); grazier (Ellenboraugh, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICKABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rickaby|Rickaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lorimer Douglas Rickaby|Rickaby, Lorimer Douglas &quot;Rick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMR4-Z8W] - 1906(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4VR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Coopers Plains, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 485, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4VL, 4AK, 4BK); military (WW2, RAN); ship wireless officer; security officer (MSS) - Relationships: father of 4RX Brian ??? Rickaby; father-in-law of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949);  meter reader (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1958-1972) 

* [[/Brian ??? Rickaby|Rickaby, Brian ???]] - Licences: 4ZAP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1960); 4RX Brisbane (Salisbury, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: AOLCP; AOCP; BOCP; TVOCP - amateur operator; broadcast engineer (Qld State Broadcasting Office, P&amp;TD / DoC / DoTaC / ABA) - Relationships: son of 4VR Lorimer Douglas Rickaby; husband of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls:

===''RIDGWAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ridgway|Ridgway, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edwin Keith Ridgway|Ridgway, Edwin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVNZ-36N] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Leongatha (1934-1937); 2AGQ Henty (1938); 3IV Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1282, 1938, Vic; BOCP 519, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Ballarat West, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''RIETHMULLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64Z-XCL] - 1903(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4SK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 250, 1930; 1COCP 299, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jandowae, 1936); radio technician (Wellington, NSW, 1937; Moorooka, 1943); radio operator (Darlinghurst, 1949; Wahroonga, 1963-1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1972-1980)

===''RILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riley|Riley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Morton Russell Riley|Riley, Morton Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJJ7-62N] - 1911(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3TN Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1789, 1936, Vic; BOCP 507, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Hamilton, Vic, 1934-1954)

* [[/William Frederick Riley|Riley, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK87-JBH] - 1919(WA)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4FS Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2240, 1938, Qld; COCP1 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943; Moorooka, Qld, 1949); aircraft surveyor (Lane Cove, NSW, 1954; Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968; Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/William James Riley|Riley, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKCG-NHL] - 1907(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YX Sydney (Balmain, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Strathfield, 1954; Balmain, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1056, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Refer Ancestry.com for details of a difficult life - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balmain, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''RING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ring|Ring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Mostyn Ring|Ring, Keith Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB8-YR7] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5KH Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954; Eden Hills, 1955-1969); 5KH Williamstown (1975); 5KH Kapunda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 923, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Jamestown, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leo Ring|Ring, Thomas Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-D97] - 1893(Vic)-1945(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 233, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1916; Sandgate, 1921); clerical assistant (Bowen, Qld, 1925); postmaster (Texas, 1930-1937); retired (Hendra, Qld, 1943)

===''RINGROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ringrose|Ringrose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Ringrose|Ring, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPC-GSV] - 1900(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YR Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939); 2BSR Forster (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 421, 1919 (Marconi); COCP2 129, 1930; COCP1 193, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Epping, NSW, 1935-1949); radio technician (Eastwood, NSW, 1954); technician (OTC Doonside Rd, Blacktown, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''RIPPEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adolf Heinrich Gerhard Rippen|Rippen, Adolf Heinrich Gerhard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-QSB] - 1919(WA)-1941(Off coast of Kenya) - Licences: 6GR Perth (Fremantle, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1731, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, HMAS Sydney II, Telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fremantle, 1943) - Links: [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=478 HMAS Sydney II Memorial]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/644953 VWMA]; [http://www.streetwisemedia.com.au/unknown-sydney-sailor-named-after-80-years/ Streetwise] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''RIVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Ronald Rivers|Rivers, Edmund Ronald or Ronald Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJH-V2S] - 1901(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3ER Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1922-1923); 3ER Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 767, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RIX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rix|Rix, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry George Rix|Rix, Walter Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMQX-KZQ] - 1898(Qld)-1923(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Receive Brisbane (Bulimba, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (Valley, Qld, 1919-1921)

===''ROBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robb|Robb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Lindsay Robb|Robb, Walter Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-JBL] - 1917(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 3YR Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1947-1948; Essendon West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2122, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942); toolmaker (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); draftsman (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''ROBBINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Fellows Robbins|Robbins, Thomas Fellows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-2SL] - 1918(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5DK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1935-1937; Malvern, 1938-1939); 5AQ Leigh Creek (1954-1960); 5AQ Port Augusta (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1548, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Malvern, SA, 1941-1943)

===''ROBERTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roberts|Roberts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles D'Arcy Roberts|Roberts, Charles D'Arcy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-VBN] - 1909(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2JV Sydney (Greenwich, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 408, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1943) - Electoral rolls: clerk (Lane Cove, 1930-1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Edmund Charles Roberts|Roberts, Edmund Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1Q-WMS] - 1919(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1946; Punchbowl, 1947); 9QK Lae (1948); 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1954-1961); 2QN Lakemba (1969); 4QI Gladstone (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2279, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1882, 1960; TVOCP 310, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1958); technician (Bendigo, Vic, 1963); TV technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1963-1972); RAN (Nowra, NSW, 1972-1977); radio technician (Gladstone, Qld, 1977-1980); engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Harry Mayland Roberts|Roberts, Harry Mayland or Mayfield (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLH-KKF] - 1912(SA)-1979(SA) - Licences: 5MY Adelaide (Alberton East, 1931; Myrtle Bank, 1938-1939; Fullarton Estate, 1947-1954; Plympton, 1955-1965; North Plympton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 763, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Herbert Charles Roberts|Roberts, Herbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-122] - 1902(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3HR Sea Lake (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1669, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/J. C. A. Roberts|Roberts, J. C. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAY Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Identification: Not yet identified, despite three given names - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Michael Denis Roberts|Roberts, John Michael Denis or Dennis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89R-5VT] - 1917(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2ACK Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1939); 2JS Sydney (Campsie, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1656, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 8, 1946; COCP1 1119, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Keith McLeod Roberts|Roberts, Keith McLeod]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJS-1GN] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2109, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Nicholas William Roberts|Roberts, Nicholas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-XKV] - 1915(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5NR Adelaide (St Peters, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1228, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, age 21yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Noel Grafton Roberts|Roberts, Noel Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRD-CCL] - 1924(Eng)-2008(Eng) - Licences: 5NR Katherine (1947) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 589, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Tally Ho, Vic, 1967-1968; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Phillip Roberts|Roberts, Phillip]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZF Narrandera (1932-1935); 2AFF Wagga Wagga (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1014, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Narrandera, NSW, 1931-1932); storeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Richard George Crafter Roberts|Roberts, Richard George Crafter or Crofter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWFZ-Z24] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UU Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 750, 1922; 2COCP 430, 1933; 1COCP 505, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, 1933-1936; Lovetts Bay, 1943; Chatswood, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ronald Joseph Roberts|Roberts, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1S-97N] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1887, 1937, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Flexmore Roberts|Roberts, Russell Flexmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL4K-265] - 18??-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4PN Brisbane (West End, 1927-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 372, 1927, No. 41 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; television experimenter (4CM); broadcaster (4BC, manager) - Electoral Rolls: musical director (South Brisbane, 1919); musician (Coorparoo, 1934); manager (Yeronga, 1936-1937); alderman (Annerley, 1954)

* [[/V. Roberts|Roberts, V.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBERTSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robertson|Robertson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Robertson|Robertson, Albert Edward &quot;Robbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-G68] - 1908(???)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 3US Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2US Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1969; Chatswood, 1975; Castle Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1968); radio officer (Chatswood, NSW, 1972); retired (Castle Cove, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Gordon Hamilton Robertson|Robertson, Archibald Gordon Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62Y-5YZ] - 1906(South Africa)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2ALA Sydney (Undercliffe, 1938-1939; Enfield, 1946-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2196, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Toxteth, NSW, 1932-1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Glebe, NSW, 1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Crows Nest, NSW, 1954)

* [[/Brian Desmond Robertson|Robertson, Brian Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-W63] - 1921(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 1RD Macquarie Island (1950s); 5RD Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 998, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Sterling Robertson|Robertson, David Sterling]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-F7H] - 1920(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Mt Lofty, 1937-1939, 1948-1965); 1ATR Canberra (Deakin, 1956; Yarralumla, 1960); 5RN Adelaide (Stirling, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1944, 1937, SA; 2COCP 346, 1940; 1COCP 405, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 5YL-1YL Denise Alison Robertson nee Haslam - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, 1943)

* [[/Denise Alison Robertson|Robertson nee Haslam, Denise Alison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-JWG] - 1927(NSW)-2008(SA) - Licences: 1YL Canberra (Yarralumla, 1960-1965); 5YL Adelaide (Stirling, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3552, 1956, ACT - amateur operator; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 5RN-1ATR David Sterling Robertson - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robins|Robins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Francis Robins|Robins, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZKN-B51] - 1919(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947); 6RB Northam (1948); 6RB Perth (Joondanna, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2221, 1938, WA; COCP1 2032, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1949); postal officer (Joondanna, WA, 1954-1972); public servant (Joondanna, WA, 1977-1980)

===''ROBINSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robinson|Robinson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Robinson|Robinson, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1G8-ZJ2] - 1900(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Hunter's Hill, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 498/499, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical meter tester (Haberfield, 1933-1936) - Callsign: 2GR callsign previously held by Joseph Sydney Marks

* [[/Arthur Robinson|Robinson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-4PP] - 1926(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ABF Sale (1948-1956); 3ABF Melbourne (Croydon, 1960); 3ABF Traralgon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2710, 1948, Vic; TVOCP 184, 1959 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Croydon, 1963); PMG TV technician (Traralgon, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles John Robinson|Robinson, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJD-DC5] - 1908(Tas)-2004(???) - Licences: 7RC Launceston (1936-1937); 7KR Launceston (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1668, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carter (Launceston, 1936-1937); cordial maker (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/Harry Percival Robinson|Robinson, Harry Percival or Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-J96] - 1905(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5HN Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1947-1960; Windsor Gardens, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2168, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Port Adelaide, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Robinson|Robinson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7H-Q61] - 1895(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Receive Sydney (Ryde, 1922-1923); 2RN Receive Sydney (Concord, 1923); 4RN Brisbane (Kedron, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur broadcaster; Honorary Radio Inspector NSW; First director 4QG - Comment: several contemporaneous JWRs - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Merthyr, Qld, 1925-1926); radio engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1928); engineer (Herston, 1936-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2EN-2RN-4RN - John William Robinson&quot;

===''ROBSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Laudreux Robson|Robson, Colin Laudreux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYV-TL8] - 1916(WA)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6XI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1937-1939); 6XI Northam (1947-1948); 6XI Waterloo (1954-1960); 6XI bunbury (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 181, 1936; AOCP 2055, 1937, WA; BOCP 234, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (6AM Quarters, Northam, WA, 1949; 6TZ, Waterloo, WA, 1958-1963; Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

===''ROCHE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roche|Roche, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/L. Roche|Roche, L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROCKBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rockberg|Rockberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alec Rockberg|Rockberg, Alec]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW1-965] - 1907(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Sydney (CBD, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 771, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1943; Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1949; Five Dock, NSW, 1954-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ROCKWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Bruce Rockwell|Rockwell, Horace Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K882-BWV] - 1887(Tas)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XQH Brisbane (Wynnum) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; WW1; WW2; a founder of Wireless Institute of Queensland 1912 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1913; Wynnum, Qld, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Enoggera, Qld, 1919; Chelmer, Qld, 1925); electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1936-1937); soldier (Middle Head, NSW, 1943); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1949)

===''RODDA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodda|Rodda, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William David Rodda|Rodda, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WK-4JB] - 1907(WA)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WR Perth (Claremont, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 435, 1928, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1191, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Claremont, 1931-1936; Nedlands, 1937; Claremont, 1943); control operator (Nedlands, 1949-1954); technician (Perth, 1958)

===''RODGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodger|Rodger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm Alan Rodger|Rodger, Malcolm Alan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Y-LSY] - 1913(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3UI Tatura (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2334, 1939, Vic; BOCP 587, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kyabram, Vic, 1934; Tatura, Vic, 1935-1954)

===''RODWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodwell|Rodwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Rodwell|Rodwell, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWX8-VG7] - 1909(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Bowen Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1936-1937); grocer (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); company manager (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1968); bookseller (Aspley, Qld, 1972)

* [[/J. G. Rodwell|Rodwell, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 244 Sydney (North Sydney, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roger|Roger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herman Roger|Roger, John Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ3-315] - 1901(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (Moore Park, 1929); 2KV Newcastle (CBD, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 829, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone electrician (Lambton, NSW, 1930); telephone mechanic (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); no occupation (Earlwood, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Beresfield, NSW, 1949); broadcasting technician (Surry Hills, NSW, 1949); broadcasting engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1954); postal employee (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''ROGERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rogers|Rogers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Stanley Rogers|Rogers, Bernard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPV-L34] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FG Adelaide (Blackwood, 1934-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1948; Glandore, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1274, 1934, SA; 1COCP 907, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Edwardstown, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Edwin Rogers|Rogers, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-JXW] - 1904(Tas)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1937); 2AHN Sydney (Epping, 1938); 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948); 3TO Yallourn (1954-1965); 3TO Newborough (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1091, 1933, Vic; BOCP 1452, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Nedlands, WA, 1943); patrolman (Yallorn, Vic, 1949-1967); clerk (Newborough, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Lionel Cecil Rogers|Rogers, Lionel Cecil or Cecil Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBJJ-56H] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KF Receive Melbourne (Seddon, 1922); 3LI Melbourne (Seddon, 1937; Footscray, 1938-1939; Seddon, 1947-1948); 3ADQ Rockbank (1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 836, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 101, 1937; COCP1 474, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1926-1931); labourer (McMillans, Vic, 1935-1936); operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1936; Footscray South, Vic, 1937-1949); technician (wireless station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Richard Rogers|Rogers, Richard &quot;Ric&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZN-LHZ] - Living - Licences: 7RO Hobart (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (Amateur Radio Tas) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROHDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Campbell Rohde|Rohde, William Campbell &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76S-GRF] - 1907(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4RW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 493, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (YWCA Wireless Club); comms engineer (PMGD); broadcast engineer (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Red Hill, 1934-1943; Newmarket, 1949); postal engineer (Coorparoo, 1958-1980)

===''ROLLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rolls|Rolls, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Rolls|Rolls, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-V3F] - 1886(???)-1957(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Auburn, Vic, 1916-1919); naval officer (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1928-1949)

===''ROOKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rooks|Rooks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Rooks|Rooks, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FX-5F2] - 1904(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1937); 3DD Melbourne (Cribb Point, 1938); 6DD Perth (Redcliffe, 1947-1948); 4DD Townsville (1956-1969); 2BDD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 23, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Cribb Point, Vic, 1942); radio inspector (Sans Souci, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Redcliffe, WA, 1949); communications officer (Sans Souci, NSW, 1954); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1972; Sans Souci, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ROPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roper|Roper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thornton Graham Roper|Roper, Thornton Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HY-FH7] - 1898(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1954; Surrey Hills, 1955; East Malvern, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2370, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (at WW1 enlistment); turner &amp; fitter (Melbourne East, Vic, 1922-1924); turner (Oakleigh, Vic, 1925-1931); fruiterer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1934-1937); fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''ROSCOE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Thomas Roscoe|Roscoe, Geoffrey Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QR-GJY] - 1900(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Receive Condamine (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Condamine, Qld, 1925; Macknade, Qld, 1936-1937; Boonah, Qld, 1943); retired (St Lucia, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''ROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rose|Rose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Isaac Rose|Rose, Benjamin Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDQ-GPR] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3FR Receive Melbourne (South Oakleigh, 1922); 3TG Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 754, 1922 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1936); carrier (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); storeman (North Clayton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Englebert Rose|Rose, Henry Englebert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD1-TF3] - 1894(NSW)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 2LP Receive Warren (1922); 2HR Warren (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Dalby, Qld, 1913); station manager (Yanganbil, NSW, 1930); grazier (Warren, NSW, 1933); stock and station agent (Warren, NSW, 1935-1936; Annaby, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/Robert William (Qld) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-JJM] - 1911(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4RR Brisbane (1925); 4RQ Longreach (1930-1939, 1946-1948); 2AQR Wallsend (1956-1961); 2AQR Avoca (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 576, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; chemist - Comment: Another Robert William Rose b1923 BOCP 993 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, 1925); chemist (Longreach, 1936-1949; West Wallsend, 1958-1963; Avoca Beach, 1968)

* [[/Robert William (Vic) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Vic)]] - 1923(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 993, 1948; 3AIR 1790, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''ROSEBLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rex Kitchener Roseblade|Roseblade, Rex Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHF-YPM] - 1914(Vic)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 3QJ Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1939); 2RI Canberra (Barton, 1947); 3QJ Melbourne (Balcombe Camp, 1954-1955; Ashburton, 1956-1960); 1QJ Canberra (Narrabundah, 1965-1969; Campbell, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 930, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 152, 1938; 2COCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937-1943); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954; Narrabundah, ACT, 1963-1968; Campbell, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''ROSENSKJAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Rosenskjar|Rosenskjar, F.]] - 19??-19?? - 4?? Brisbane (Fairfield) (Operator 4BI), amateur operator, amateur broadcaster

===''ROSEVEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosevear|Rosevear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Donovan Rosevear|Rosevear, Ernest Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWL-VRK] - 1914(SA)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2405, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: panelbeater (Brighton, SA, 1939); press operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''ROSEWARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Paul Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Jeffrey Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-ZWP] - 1920(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5MN Snowtown (1947-1948); 5MN Kadina (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2313, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ross|Ross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander David Ross|Ross, Alexander David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68V-KFR] - 1883(Sct)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Professor of Mathematics &amp; Physics, University of Perth) - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Perth Club, 1916; West Perth, 1925-1954); retired (Albany, WA, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/ross-alexander-david-8270 ADB]; [[w:Alexander_David_Ross|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/201206204747/features/setting-standards-excellence/ UWA]; [https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1967QJRAS...8..297. Harvard Obit]

* [[/John Francis Ross|Ross, John Francis &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z1-TYT] - 1922(SA)-2021(NSW)98yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer (PMGD); journalist (editor, The Broadcaster); historian (broadcasting, Amateur Radio, radiocommunications); author (&quot;History of Radio in South Australia&quot;; &quot;Radio Broadcast Technology&quot;); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, &quot;For service to the media as a radio broadcasting engineer&quot;, 1989 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Waterstone Mansen Ross|Ross, Reginald Waterstone Mansen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RP-ZML] - 1907(South Africa)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 2IG Albury (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1429, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1934; Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); technical assistant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1958-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ROST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rost|Rost, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Rost|Rost, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2S-FXW] - 1887(Qld)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XBR Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913; Epping, NSW, 1930-1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943; West Ryde, 1949)

===''ROUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roudie|Roudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrea Roudie|Roudie, Andrea &quot;Andrew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNX-X16] - 1912(Greece)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3UJ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1933; Fairfield, 1937-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1948; Ringwood East, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1965; Vermont, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 878, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1963); engineer (Vermont, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ROUTLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Angus Routledge|Routledge, Robert Angus &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX2-BDP] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5RA Adelaide (Richmond, 1930-1931; Henley Beach, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 679, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Henley, 1939); radio technician (Henley, 1941); physics technician (Glenelg, 1943)

===''ROWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/R. L. Rowe|Rowe, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1928; McMahons Point, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 267, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''ROWLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowland|Rowland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Rowland|Rowland, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH14-G2J] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Ballarat (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 657, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Grovedale, 1924); storekeeper (Majorca, 1925-1927; Ballarat, 1931); radio dealer (Ballarat, 1936-1980) - Comment: Don't confuse 3ZGG/3AFS Robert George Rowlands

===''ROWLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMJ-HZT] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1915-1921); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1925-1937); mechanical engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1943-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''ROWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowles|Rowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Alfred Rowles|Rowles, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCL-YYT] - 1908(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2OS Sydney (Double Bay, 1931-1933; Bondi, 1933-1935); 3OS Melbourne (Armadale, 1947; East St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 849, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 422, 1933; COCP1 361, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bus conductor (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); radio (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1935); aeradio operator (Aeradio Station, Forrest, WA, 1943); control officer (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1958; Jordanville, Vic, 1967-1968; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROWLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowley|Rowley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Rowley|Rowley, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76R-9S5] - 1916(Vic)-1991(NZ) - Licences: 3QF Melbourne (Avonsleigh, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954; East Frankston, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2071, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1942); builder (Avonleigh, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roy|Roy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Beresford|Roy, Arthur Beresford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXWQ-QB1] - 1910(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2OP Sydney (Waverley, 1931-1939; Rose Bay, 1946-1947); 2OP New Lambton (1948); 2OP Sydney (Leichhardt, 1950; Strathfield, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 722, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Waverley, NSW, 1932-1937; New Lambton, NSW, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Arthur Richard Roy|Roy, Arthur Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKT-N5V] - 1916(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2ADR Sydney (Mascot, 1936-1939); 3ADR Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1956; Armadale, 1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1734, 191936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1937); St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Toorak, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Royle|Royle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Arthur Kirkcaldy Royle|Royle, William Arthur Kirkcaldy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ13-BBQ] - 1909(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Sydney (Edgecliff, 1927-1928); 2AWK Sydney (Darling Point, 1946-1950; Sandringham, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 318, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: underwriter (Edgecliff, 1936-1954); agent (Sandringham, 1958)

===''RUBAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruban|Ruban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Ruban|Ruban, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-DMS] - 1925(???)-2015(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Footscray North, 1963-1968); technician (Maidstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''RUCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruck|Ruck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Leonard Ruck|Ruck, Charles Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTVS-3DH] - 1894(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 315, 1917 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Malvern, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1933; Canterbury, Vic, 1934-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1963); retired (Camberwell, Vic, 1968)

===''RUDKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rudkin|Rudkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Rudkin|Rudkin, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQQ-3WC] - 1910(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2DG Newcastle (Stockton, 1935-1936; Abermain, 1937-1939; Maitland, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1418, 1935, NSW; BOCP 435, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wickham, NSW, 1932); dairy farmer (Stratford, NSW, 1933); carrier (Stockton, NSW, 1935; Abermain, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Abermain, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Maitland, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''RUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumble|Rumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Eric Rumble|Rumble, James Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G49Y-S8W] - 1917(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RU Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Wembley, 1954-1960; City Beach, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2222, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (Wembley, WA, 1954-1963); company director (City Beach, WA, 1968-1980)

===''RUMBOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumbold|Rumbold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Rumbold|Rumbold, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VKD-BSQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Bendigo (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 349, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bendigo, Vic, 1928); insurance agent (Kyneton, Vic, 1931; Shepparton, Vic, 1931; Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937); assistant superintendent (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1954); cabinet maker (Bendigo, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''RUSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruse|Ruse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Ruse|Ruse, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZMB-QWY] - 1891(Vic)-1987(WA)95yo - Licences: 6WK Perth (Perth City, 1930-1931; Osborne Park, 1933-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 627, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Osborne Park, 1916-1972); retired (Bunbury, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russack|Russack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Lancelot Russack|Russack, Harry Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZX-Q5L] - 1907(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 946, 1927; COCP2 81, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Croydon, NSW, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); agent (Surry Hills, NSW, 1958); company director (Greenwich, NSW, 1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963; Frenchs Forest, NSW, 1968);  retired (Stuarts Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russell|Russell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Cooper Russell|Russell, Albert Cooper &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-BQV] - 1916(WA)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 6AR Albany (1936-1937); 6AR Northam (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1670, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937); mechanic (New Town, Tas, 1943-1949); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Sans Souci, NSW, 1958; Double Bay, NSW, 1963; Kensington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Justice Russell|Russell, George Justice &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLY-QTV] - 1908(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2QA Tullamore (1932-1936); 2QA Nyngan (1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 960, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Tullamore, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Nyngan, NSW, 1937-1968); retired (Nyngan, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Albert Henry Russell|Russell, Ronald Albert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q8-Z2W] - 1912(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3EO Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2176, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cobug, Vic, 1934); constable (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936; Coburg, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''RUTHERFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Rutherford|Rutherford, Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLK-WGB]- 1871(NZ)-1937(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Ernest Rutherford|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1908/rutherford/biographical/ Nobel Prize]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Rutherford Britannica]

===''RUTLEDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutledge|Rutledge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Rutledge|Rutledge, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M441-T34] - 1904(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6DC Receive Perth (Highgate Hill, 1923); 6CR Perth (North Perth, 1960-1965, Applecross, 1969; Attadale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2496, 1942, WA; BOCP 547, 1944 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (North Perth, WA, 1925-1926); chemist (Dalwallinu, WA, 1934-1943); radio electrician (Maylands, WA, 1949-1954); pharmaceutical chemist (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1958-1963); pharmacist (Applecross, WA, 1968); chemist (Attadale, WA, 1972-1980)

===''RUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutter|Rutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Rutter|Rutter, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8B-67C] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2CB Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939; Hornsby, 1946-1980+); 2BCB Culburra (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1662, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RYAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ryan|Ryan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John Ryan|Ryan, Albert John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWH-V6X] - 1897(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LE Canberra (Kingston, 1930-1933); 2YN Canberra (Kingston, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 489, 1919; AOLCP 80, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 1918-1919); PMGD (junior mechanic NSW, 1917; clerk, 1919)  broadcast engineer; founder of 2CA Canberra commercial - Comment: several contemporaneous AJR's - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clement James Ryan|Ryan, Clement James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-2TB] - 1916(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3DZ Portland (1936-1937); 3DZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1948; Balaclava, 1954-1960; Glenhuntly, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1667, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1968); technical (Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Edward Ryan|Ryan, Cornelius Edward &quot;Con&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-84B] - 1907(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4ZS Brisbane (Oxley, 1938-1939, 1947); 4ZS Rockhampton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2190, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1943); cleaner (Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/George Edward Ryan|Ryan, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-RCC] - 1910(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Dutton Park, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1633, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telephone mechanic (PMGD) - Comment: several contemporaneous GERs - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1954); PMG Instructor (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); instructor (Taringa, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Michael James Ryan|Ryan, Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXQ-2MC] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (Merlynston, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2072, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous MJRs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter George Ryan|Ryan, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RR-ZQ1] - 1904(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2TI Sydney (Kensington South, 1935-1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1422, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: master butcher (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''RYMILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Campbell Rymill|Rymill, Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXVS-CTB] - 1907(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Riddoch Rymill|Rymill, Robert Riddoch]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5N-YC9] - 1904(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: V753 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GX Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ethnologist (South Yarra, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/535352 WW2]

=='''S'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''SAAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Saar|Saar, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ52-N3K] - 1889(???)-1956(WA) - Licences: 6CZ Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923); 6CZ Northam (1923-1925); 6KM Eucla (1926-1927); 6KM Geraldton (1933); 6KM Perth (Maylands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 264, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph lineman (North Perth, WA, 1915); postal electrician (Northam, WA, 1917); mechanic (Bunbury, WA, 1916-1917; Balkatta, WA, 1922; Eucla, WA, 1925-1926; North Perth, WA, 1928; Maylands, WA, 1931); postal electrician (Maylands, WA, 1936-1954)

===''SABAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saban|Saban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Saban|Saban, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT4-QQK] - 1895(Vic)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XMI Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914); 2BL Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (East Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933)

===''SABELBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Joseph Brentani Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Charles Joseph Brentani]] - 1869(Vic)-1935(Vic) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Licence possibly held for one of his sons - Electoral Rolls: physician (Violet Town, Vic, 1903-1906); medical practitioner (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''SAGAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Noel Sagar|Sagar, Eric Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-4J9] - 1896(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 5CM Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); 5CM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1924-1926); 4ES Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Halcyon: Not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: manager (Greenslopes, Qld, 1932); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1943-1949); orchardist (Kincumber, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SAINSBURY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Henry Sainsbury|Sainsbury, Rupert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L28X-5H3] - 1896(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1924-1936); 4YJ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1946-1954; Epping, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 54, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930); traveller (Hendra, 1936-1937); soldier (Norman Park, 1943); executive (Concord West, 1949-1954); commercial traveller (Epping, 1958-1968)
===''SAINTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Melville Sainty|Sainty, Clifford Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ61-1GZ] - 1907(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 2MS Warrawee (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 88, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Relationships: likely related to XAH Stanley James Sainty - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Turramurra, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Loganholme, Qld, 1949); builder (Turramurra, NSW, 1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Stanley James Sainty|Sainty, Stanley James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXW9-W9D] - 1898(NSW)-1951(Vic) - Licences: XAH Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1930); mechanical engineer (Tempe, NSW, 1931-1934); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAH - Stanley James Sainty&quot;

===''SALAMY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salamy|Salamy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Salamy|Salamy, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHH-VWR] - 1904(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AJ Receive Warrnambool (1922-1923); 3AJ Warrnambool (1924-1933); 3PS Warrnambool (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 35, 1924, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Warrnambool, 1924-1977)

===''SALLMANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sallmann|Sallmann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Herbert Sallmann|Sallmann or Sallman, Noel Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY1M-59M] - 1912(Vic)-2006(SA)94yo - Licences: 3UG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3AUG Merbein (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2023, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937); assistant manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); manager (Merbein, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Merbein, Vic, 1963-1980); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1980)

===''SALMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salmon|Salmon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Edward Francis Salmon|Salmon, James Edward Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3W-B19] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1934-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1321, 1934, Vic; BOCP 195, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); announcer (Caulfield, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Walter Edwin Salmon|Salmon, Walter Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQC-SWG] - 1902(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2SA Sydney (Naremburn, 1927-1929; Bondi North, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Kirrawee, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Kirrawee, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 298, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1934); police sergeant (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1943); police superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SAMPHIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard Luke Samphier|Samphier, Richard Luke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58L-DPC] - 1914(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6YZ Perth (City, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1938-1939; Carlisle, 1947-1955; Mt Lawley, 1956-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1717, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blind school worker (North Perth, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1943); Blind School employee (Carlisle, WA, 1949-1954; Mt Lawley, WA, 1958)
===''SAMPSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Walter Sampson|Sampson, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWX-3TB] - 1894(NSW)-1954(WA) - Licences: XYAF Boulder (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Boulder, WA, 1916-1922); electrical engineer (Claremont, WA, 1925-1954)

===''SANDEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Otto Sandel|Sandel, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4J-54J] - 1905(Qld)-1999(NSW) - 2UW Sydney (Manly, 1923; Kensington, 1923-1924; Northbridge, 1924-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1926-1927); 2HH Sydney (Woollahra, 1936-1939, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 270, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder B class 2UW Sydney &amp; 2UX Wagga Wagga - don't confuse Charles Albert Sandell of AAE fame - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Woolahra, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1933; Edgecliff, 1936-1937; Bondi Junction, 1943-1954; Bondi Beach, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2UW-2HH - Otto Sandel&quot;

===''SANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandell|Sandell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Albert Sandell|Sandell, Charles Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S2H-3J5] - 1886(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: ??? Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 155, 1915 -  early wireless experimenter; participant in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition; WW1; coastal wireless operator (VIE Esperance, VID Darwin, 1916) - Comment: don't confuse Otto Sandel of 2UW fame - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Radio Station, Esperance, WA, 1916); radio mechanic (Esperance, WA, 1922-1936); motor engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937-1949); retired (Esperance, WA, 1954-1977)

===''SANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sander|Sander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Sander|Sander, John Henry &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K6WF-H23] - 1906(WA)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MS Geraldton (1935-1937); 6MS Perth (Cannington, 1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1435, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wheelwright (Geraldton, WA, 1930); electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); telephone mechanic (South Perth, WA, 1937; Cannington, WA, 1943-1954)

===''SANDERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanders|Sanders, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Sanders|Sanders, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTP-ZYW] - 1910(Eng)-2007(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2AJG Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 13, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Waverley, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''SANDERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanderson|Sanderson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas George Sanderson|Sanderson, Douglas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WZJ-2K3] - 1924(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD); historian (broadcast); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Torwood, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Ashgrove, Qld, 1958-1968); engineer (Chermside, Qld, 1972; Windsor, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SANDFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandford|Sandford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Murray Sandford|Sandford, Samuel Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJV-XXG] - 1908(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3WJ Kyneton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 938, 1926 (Spark, Valve); COCP2 15, 1929; COCP1 276, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1937); radio (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1954); grazier (&quot;Maryvale&quot;, Kyneton, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''SANDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandham|Sandham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Keith Sandham|Sandham, James Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''SANDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sands|Sands, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roy Sands|Sands, William Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDQ-W31] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6BS Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947); 5BL Adelaide (Plympton, 1948-1960; Fullarton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2276, 1939, WA; AIR3 377, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1943)

===''SANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandy|Sandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Lionel Montague Sandy|Sandy, James Lionel Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFGG-54G] - 1885(NSW)-1917(France) - Licences: XBB Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Australian Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/322425 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1213369 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SANKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ewart Sankey|Sankey, Reginald Ewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCLB-ZSM] - 1908(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3XP Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1934-1939; Kilsyth, 1947-1954; Bayswater, 1955-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1318, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: springmaker (Canterbury, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1936-1943); agriculturalist (Kilsyth, Vic, 1949-1954; Bayswater North, Vic, 1963); retired (Boronia, Vic, 1968-1980)
===''SANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanson|Sanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. E. Sanson|Sanson, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCM Warrnambool (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SARGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sargent|Sargent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William George Holland Sargent|Sargent, William George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XF-NF9] - 1916(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3SC Camperdown (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1879, 1937, Vic; BOCP 762, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Camperdown, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Camperdown, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SAUNDERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Lewis Saunders|Saunders, Alfred Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-FMS] - 1909(SA)-2003(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923-1924); 5BX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1925-1939, 1946-1955; Plympton, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 223, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

===''SAW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saw|Saw, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick William Saw|Saw, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S9-JN3] - 1884(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923-1926; Victoria Park, 1927); 6DA Albany (1930-1931); 6DA Perth (Wanneroo, 1933; North Perth, 1937-1939); 6DA Northam (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 174, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Armadale, 1909); electrician (Beverley, 1916-1917; Armadale, 1921-1925; Albany, 1928-1931; Balkatta, 1936; Leederville, 1937; Kalgoorlie, 1937-1943); mechanic (North Perth, 1949); retired (Triggs Island, 1954)

* [[/Malcolm Henry Saw|Saw, Malcolm Henry ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCY-H9M] - 1921(WA)-1997(WA) - 6SM Perth (Doubleview, 1960-1980+), amateur operator (AOCP 3674, 1958, No. ?? in WA), WW2, engineer (Doubleview, 1972)

===''SAWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawers|Sawers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Victor Sawers|Sawers, Thomas Victor &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB45-1B9] - 1917(Vic)-2014(Qld)96yo - Licences: 3OG Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1930); 3AOG Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969; Strathmore, 1975); 3AOG Barmah (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1921, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Essendon, Vic, 1942); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1949); aircraft inspector (Essendon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1963-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972); retired (Barmah, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SAWFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawford|Sawford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Francis Sawford|Sawford, Leonard Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7J-2XK] - 1908(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5DH Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); 5LF Adelaide (Peterhead, 1925-1928; West Croydon, 1931; Largs, 1937-1939); 5YF Adelaide (Glen Osmond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 173, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; agent (Largs, 1939) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Largs, SA, 1939-1941)

===''SAWYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawyer|Sawyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Edward Charles Sawyer|Sawyer, Wilfred Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTRM-271] - 1895(Vic)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 3KJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1924-1926; Hurstbridge, 1927); 4KJ Thursday Island (1948-1956); 4KJ Rockhampton (1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 131, 1915 (Telefunken); COCP2 151, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: radio (Malvern, Vic, 1919); biograph operator (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1921; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1922); postal employee (Kew, Vic, 1925-1926); telegraphist (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); retired (Rockhampton, Qld, 1963)

===''SAXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saxon|Saxon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Maurice Saxon|Saxon, Kenneth Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-4VZ] - 1922(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Henrietta (1939, 1954-1975); 7AI Yolla (1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2300, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Henrietta, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''SCANLON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scanlon|Scanlon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Scanlon|Scanlon, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCJ3-TFZ] - 1895(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ALH Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2ALH Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2241, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taree, NSW, 1930-1937; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/William Lawrence Scanlon|Scanlon, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKG-3XR] - 1901(Tas)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1921-1923); 7AL Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (Medhursts, Hobart to 1924, Launceston from 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SCARFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scarff|Scarff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Scarff|Scarff, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM62-8NC] - 1914(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1690, 1936, Vic; BOCP 79, 1937; COCP1 219, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Killed in vehicle accident - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); tester (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1954)

===''SCETRINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scetrine|Scetrine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Scetrine|Scetrine, Bert or Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-YNX] - 1915(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 3BI Ballarat (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 7BI Scottsdale (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2123, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Civil), services to community, 1976 - Electoral Rolls: radio electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1937); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''SCHAUMLOFFEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Johann Ludwig Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Johann Ludwig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-WNC] - 1918(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 2JM Broken Hill (1939, 1946-1947); 5LS Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1948; Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 174, 1938; AOCP 2309, 1939, NSW; COCP2 370, 1940; COCP1 429, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943)

===''SCHELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harley Irwin Schell|Schell, Harley Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-PV8] - 1907(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7AW Receive West Burnie (1922); Receive West Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kelso, 1936-1972)
===''SCHLEICHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schleicher|Schleicher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Schleicher|Schleicher, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D4-5RS] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4KS Brisbane (Toowong, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Alderley, 1948-1965; Aspley, 1969-1975; McDowall, 1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2144, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); radio employee (Tracksons, manager service); business proprietor (Blue &amp; White Cabs comms) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Alderley, Qld, 1949-1963); radio engineer (Aspley, Qld, 1968-1972; McDowall, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SCHMIDT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ronald Frederick Schmidt|Schmidt, Ronald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88P-1B9] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LY Trafalgar (1930); 3LY Moe (1931); 3LY Sale (1933-1939, 1946-1948); 3LY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 567, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 69, 1932; 1COCP 72, 1936; TVOCP 75, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sale, 1934-1937); radio technician (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Camberwell, 1954-1980)

===''SCHNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schnell|Schnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fred H. Schnell|Schnell, Fred H.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZH-QK1] - 1890(USA)-1957(USA) - Licences: W1MO - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; third permanent employee of ARRL; seconded to US Navy for the fleet visit to Australia in 1925; supervised the construction of a powerful shortwave set on the battleship Seattle &amp; worked the set during the cruise making numerous international contacts - Links: [[Fred_Schnell|Wikipedia]]; [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4180204 IRE Special Issue Radio Pioneers (5)MB)]

===''SCHNITZERLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Francis Joseph Schnitzerling|Schnitzerling, Leonard Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G885-W43] - 1907(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Warwick (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2099, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, 1928-1968)

===''SCHOFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schofield|Schofield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Schofield|Schofield, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-69N] - 1874(Eng)-1971(WA)97yo - Licences: 6WS Perth (Peppermint Grove, 1935-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1463, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1919); broker (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1922-1968)

===''SCHOLTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scholtz|Scholtz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy James Scholtz|Scholtz, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73F-ZL5] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SI Sydney (Bondi, 1935; Woollahra, 1936; Wentworthville, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1938; Strathfield, 1939; Willoughby, 1947; Strathfield, 1948-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 32, 1935; COCP1 1519, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waverley, NSW, 1933); electrical contractor (Wentworthville, NSW, 1933-1934); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1935-1936); police constable (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Strathfield, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); police officer (Coogee, NSW, 1968; Saratoga, NSW, 1977); retired (Gosford, NSW, 1980)

===''SCHOLZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hans Scholz|Scholz, Hans &quot;Harold&quot; / &quot;Harry&quot; / &quot;Tibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-CV3] - 19??(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1931); 4HR Nambour (1933); 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937); 4HR Gladstone (1937-1939); 4HR Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 784, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; South Brisbane RC; Brisbane DX Club); broadcast technician (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, 1937); mechanic (Dalby, 1943); not stated (Morningside, 1949-1968)

===''SCHULTZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Nelson Schultz|Schultz, Leonard Nelson &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJY-QBF] - 1906(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1922); 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1930); 2ANM Sydney (Mosman, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 171, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 45, 1931; 3AIR 176, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (co-designed 2GB, 1926; involved 2CA, 4BH, 2MW, 5DN); professional associations (IRE: foundation member, vice-president, president); aviator (Royal Aero Club NSW, committee) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting engineer (Mosman, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, 1949-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2LO-2ANM - Leonard Nelson Schultz&quot;

===''SCHULTZE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schultze|Schultze, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Edwin Ludwig Schultze|Schultze, John Edwin Ludwig or John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTB-9FL] - 1906(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Receive Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1923-1924); 3JS Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1925-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 163, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1937-1954); supervisor (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''SCOTLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotland|Scotland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Henry Scotland|Scotland, Leonard Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKT-6ZL] - 1909(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABV Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947-1948; Randwick, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); bus conductor (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); driver (Randwick, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''SCOTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotney|Scotney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Roy Scotney|Scotney, Hubert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCV-KP5] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Auburn, 1931-1933; Leichhardt, 1934-1937; Dulwich Hill, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 868, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salvation army officer (Bulimba, Qld, 1925; Armidale, NSW, 1930; Auburn, NSW, 1933; Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1943; Marrickville, NSW, 1949-1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1968; Connells Point, NSW, 1972; Belfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scott|Scott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil John Scott|Scott, Alfred Cecil John &quot;Cecil&quot;, &quot;Cec&quot;, &quot;Scottie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M12J-9YK] - 1888(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Launceston (1923); 7CS Launceston (1925-1931); 7CS Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1933; Sandy Bay, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 56, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well-known for comic QSL cards - Electoral Rolls: bench clerk (Nelson, 1936; Hobart South, 1943-1954)

* [[/A. P. Scott|Scott, A. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJEE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ernest Kilburn Scott|Scott, Ernest Kilburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBDW-TBR] - 1868(Eng)-1941(Eng) - Came to Sydney in 1905 to organise electrical engineering department of University of Sydney, likely early wireless experimenter, promoted need for wireless telegraphy for Australia, returned to England ca 1910 - [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Ernest_Kilburn_Scott Graces Guide - Ernest Kilburn Scott]

* [[/Francis Ladner Scott|Scott, Francis Ladner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHK-DTF] - 1899(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4BO Thursday Island (1933); 2UH Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1936; Naremburn, 1937-1938; La Perouse, 1939 - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 419, 1918; 2COCP 360, 1931; 1COCP 33, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator; military (UK Merchant Navy post WW1) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1925); radio telegraphist (Pinkenba, Qld, 1929; Thursday Island, Qld, 1931; Randwick, NSW, 1935; Waverton, NSW, 1943; Wyndham, WA, 1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

* [[/George Archibald Scott|Scott, George Archibald &quot;Scotty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G682-TGN] - 1882(Eng)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 607, 1921; 1COCP 181, 1931 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); PMGD (radio inspector, WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as radio inspector, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, 1913-1914; Hendra, 1915-1917); radio inspector (Fremantle, 1925-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84253651 Bio]

* [[/George Clement Scott|Scott, George Clement or Clement George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FB-6R6] - 1903(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2206, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: forestry employee (Mundaring, WA, 1931); labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1968); director (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Herbert Godfrey Scott|Scott, Herbert Godfrey &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-JFJ] - 1902(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4HS Toowoomba (1931-1937); 4HS Brisbane (Albion, 1938-1939; 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 750, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1925-1936; Albion, 1943-1968)

* [[/Jack Bartlett Scott|Scott, Jack Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-FLR] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NR Sydney (Epping, 1930-1934); 2AJX Sydney (Cheltenham, 1938-1939; Epping, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 685, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Epping, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Carlingford, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/J. L. Scott|Scott, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2QW Receive Sydney (CBD, 1923); 2YM Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Keith Victor Scott|Scott, Keith Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-QZH] - 1911(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3SS Maffra (1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3SS Melbourne (Noble Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1857, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railways (Northcote, Vic, 1931); railway employee (Maffra, Vic, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Maffra, Vic, 1949-1954); retailer (Noble Park, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Maffra, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Robert Ochiltree Scott|Scott, Robert Ochiltree]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-5SX] - 1898(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 2RS Gundagai (1929-1931); 2RS Balranald (1933); 3OS Scotsburn (1937-1939); 3OS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 476, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Ballarat, 1920-1924); farmer (Murrayville, 1925-1927; Gundagai, 1930); mechanic (South Yarra, 1943; Melbourne, 1949)

* [[/Robert Townley Scott|Scott, Robert Townley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7YC-MBK] - 1841(Eng)-1922(Qld) - senior state public servant (secretary, Qld Post &amp; Telegraph Dept), senior federal public servant (secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)

* [[/W. F. Scott|Scott, W. F.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane (West End) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 334, 1927, No. 37 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: likely father of H. S. Scott who was reported youngest ever to pass AOCP at age 16 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter Dawson Scott|Scott, Walter Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6S-G96] - 1909(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6WD Northam (1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2423, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: night station-master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1937); assistant stationmaster (Mullewa, WA, 1943); railway employee (Northam, WA, 1949); WAGR (Northam, WA, 1954); stationmaster (Station House, Bridgetown, WA, 1958); railway officer (Merredin, WA, 1963); stationmaster (Collie, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Gwlp, WA, 1977; Mnra, WA, 1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Scott|Scott, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76Z-11G] - 1904(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923); 5HS Clare (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1888, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clare, SA, 1939); telephone mechanic (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943)

===''SCRIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scriven|Scriven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Allenby Scriven|Scriven, James Allenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4H-CM6] - 1918(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5SN Adelaide (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2142, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SEBIRE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Dudley Sebire|Sebire, Leon Dudley &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-QX5] - 1932(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3CF Melbourne (Wandin North, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 1319, 1955; 1COCP 1786, 1955 - amateur operator; director Telstra Broadcasting Branch - Relationships: son of 3MX Percival John Sebire - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wandin Yallock, 1954); engineer (Mordialloc, 1963-1980)  - Awards: Member Order of Australia &quot;For service to communications, particularly broadcasting&quot; (1991)
* [[/Percival John Sebire|Sebire, Percival John &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFD-Z2R] - 1904(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3MX Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 692, 1930, Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 3CF Leon Dudley Sebire - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1926; Bentleigh, 1928-1936; Cheltenham, 1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1980)

===''SEBLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William John Sebley|Sebley, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-7VL] - 1894(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4WS Ipswich (1931-1939, 1946-1948); Southport (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 736, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Ipswich, 1915; North Ipswich, 1919-1949; Southport, 1954-1968);

===''SECCOMBE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Louis Mervyn Seccombe|Seccombe, Louis Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PW-XWM] - 1895(Tas)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3KT Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922-1923); 3KT Melbourne (East Kew, 1924; Ascot Vale, 1924-1925; Hawksburn, 1926; East Malvern, 1927); 2KT Sydney (Rockdale, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 396, 1940 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1919); commercial traveller (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1924); radio engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); wireless operator (Longreach, Qld, 1943); communications officer (Hurstville, 1949-1963); - Comment: Surname sometimes misspelled Secombe
===''SEELIGSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Edward Seeligson|Seeligson, Nathaniel Edward &quot;Nattie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-7RF] - 1907(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 6DF Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West Perth, WA, 1931); journalist (Carlton South, Vic, 1936-1937); teacher (Foster, Vic, 1943; St Kilda, Vic, 1949); journalist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic,  1954)

===''SELBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George William Selby|Selby, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCTW-BMT] - 1858(Vic)-1949(Vic) - early wireless and X-ray experimenter
* [[/Robert Henry Selby|Selby, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N8-MDP] - 1904(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6CW Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Government employee (Subiaco, WA, 1928); tester (Redcliffe, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Applecross, WA, 1972-1980)

===''SELF''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Edward Self|Self, Thomas Edward]] - 1854(???)-19??(???) - b. 7 Jan 1854, Early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, demonstration before Royal Society 1898, beware another Thomas Edward Self (b. 9 Oct 1853) in Hobart at the same time
===''SELFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Giles Turner Selfe|Selfe, Harry Giles Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K24M-5XB] - 1894(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 157, 1915; 1COCP 51, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2; RANVR (commissioned telegraphist, 1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Geraldton, WA, 1918; Broome, WA, 1922; Leichhardt, NSW, 1933; Darling Harbour, NSW, 1934-1937)
===''SELLENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellenger|Sellenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Charles Sellenger|Sellenger, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VT-5GJ] - 1902(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2DC Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 700, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hurstville, 1930-1963)

===''SELLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellick|Sellick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Ronald Sellick|Sellick, Claude Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G32V-NX6] - 1913(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5RQ Adelaide (Prospect, 1947-1956; Woodville South, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2179, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Hyde Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Edward Sellick|Sellick, Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''SELMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold George Selman|Selman, Harold George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRM4-3S8] - 1907(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Geelong (1925); 3GN Chilwell (1926); 3GN Geelong (1927); 3GN Melbourne (West Coburg, 1931); 3GN Geelong (1933); 3CM Geelong (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 164, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coburg, Vic, 1931); radio dealer (Geelong, 1936-1954); fitter (Newcomb, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''SEMMENS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Segbert Cornwall Semmens|Semmens, George Segbert Cornwall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G744-HQ5] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJCY Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914); V756 Receive (1922); 3GZ Receive Buln Buln East (1922); 3GS Laver's Hill (1925-1926); 3GS Queenstown (1927); 3GS Moreland (1931); 3GS Foxhow (1933); Melbourne (Essendon (1937-1939); Glen Iris (1946-1960); Clematis, 1965-1975); 3AEN Melbourne (Clematis, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 216, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Coburg, 1928; Preston, 1931; Essendon, 1936); res. chemist (Glen Iris, 1943-1963); technical adviser (Clematis, 1968-1977)

===''SERLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serle|Serle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Serle|Serle, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-SC8] - 1910(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939; Elwood, 1946-1947); 3ARX Melbourne (Windsor, 1948-1956; Caulfield, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 443, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1934; Kew, Vic, 1936; Toorak, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942; Prahran, Vic, 1949; Caulfield South, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''SERPELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serpell|Serpell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Serpell|Serpell, Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CR-S4F] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3UV Melbourne (Canterbury, 1947; Camberwell, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2306, 1939, Vic; BOCP 189, 1938; COCP2 514, 1941; TVOCP 76, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968); technician (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SETFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Setford|Setford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Richard Setford|Setford, Howard Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-YN6] - 1911(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 836, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1934-1937); journalist (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); laminex specialist (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963); representative (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''SEWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sewell|Sewell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Kenneth Sewell|Sewell, Ian Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB51-5V1] - 1918(Eng)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3IK Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2154, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Sewell|Sewell, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4K-NDN] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CD Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931); manager (Leederville, WA, 1936-1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1954; Applecross, WA, 1963-1977); technical adviser (Applecross, WA, 1980)

* [[/Percy Lambert Holt Sewell|Sewell, Percy Lambert Holt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDM1-YB1] - 1900(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Receive Sydney (Paddington, 1922); 2CJ Sydney (Paddington, 1922-1925; Darlinghurst, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fire Station, Mittagong, 1930-1935; Mittagong, 1936-1937; Kempsey, 1943); installation inspector (Queanbeyan, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2CJ - Percy Lambert Holt Sewell&quot;

===''SEYLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Jakob Seyler|Seyler, Albert Jakob or Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-F5N] - 1913(Ger)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Luftwaffe); radar engineer; television researcher; PMGD Research Laboratories (Assistant Director General) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mt Waverley, 1963; Burwood, 1968); PMG (Croydon, 1972); assistant director (Emerald, 1977) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/seyler-albert-jakob-11660 ADB]

===''SHANNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shannon|Shannon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Henry Shannon|Shannon, Francis Henry &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT44-ZTB] - 1910(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4SN Allora (1938-1939); 4SN Tamborine (1946-1947); 4SN Minden (1948-1956); 4SN Ipswich (East Ipswich, 1960-1969; Ipswich CBD, 1975); 4SN Toowoomba (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2145, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC; WIA; Qld Listeners' League); journalist (AR, VK4 Notes) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Goomburra, Qld, 1936-1937; Meringandan, Qld, 1943); teacher (Minden, Qld, 1949-1954; East Ipswich, Qld, 1958-1968; Ipswich, Qld, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Hugh Martindale Shannon|Shannon, Hugh Martindale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FB-4K6] - 1898(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: XJDD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Air Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1977; Hampton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Vincent Joseph Shannon|Shannon, Vincent Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-PS4] - 1904(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1719, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Caboolture, Qld, 1925); postal clerk (Mitchell, Qld, 1928; Roma, Qld, 1930-1936; Bowen, Qld, 1937-1963); radio technician (Woody Point, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''SHARLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Bernard Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBX7-29B] - 1902(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 696, 1922 (Marconi); COCP1 20, 1930 - radio telegraphist, WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); Radio Technician (Killara, NSW, 1933; Warringah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Killara, NSW, 1954); engineer (Killara, NSW, 1958-1972)
* [[/Arthur Henry Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Henry &quot;Chilla&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-ZKS] - 1909(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4SD Brisbane (Boondall, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Ekibin, 1954); 4SD Cloncurry (1955); 4SD Brisbane (Wynnum North, 1956); 4SD Rockhampton (1960); 4SD Yeppoon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1807, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless operator); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Boondall, Qld, 1937-1943); Commonwealth officer (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954); communications officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1963; Yeppoon, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (Causeway via Yeppoon, Qld, 1980)

===''SHARP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Charles Sharp|Sharp, John James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-TZV] - 1897(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3KA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 591, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Prahran Gardens, 1919-1924; Caulfield, 1928-1972)

===''SHARPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Victor Sharpe|Sharpe, Frank Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMD2-GVZ] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4AZ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1924-1929; Ashgrove, 1930-1937; Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 4ZFS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1975); 4FV Brisbane (Clayfield, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 20, 1924, No. 4 in Qld; AOCP Q112, 1975 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (RSQ, WIAQ); military (AMF) - Awards: C.M.G.; O.B.E. - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Wooloowin, 1925-1929); director (Ashgrove, 1934-1937); soldier (Ashgrove, 1943); machinist (likely typo for merchant) (Clayfield, 1949); merchant (Clayfield, 1954-1980)

===''SHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald John Shaw|Shaw, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-ZDZ] - 1872(NSW)-1916(Vic) - XPO King Island (1911); X?? Sydney (Randwick), early wireless experimenter, proprietor Maritime Wireless Telegraph Co of Australasia (1910+) with Edward Hope Kirkby, technical specialist - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/shaw-archibald-john-8404 ADB] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199003.pdf EA]
* [[/J. G. Shaw|Shaw, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Chelmer, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw|Shaw, Raymond Herbert Preston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3J-J31] - 1901(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2LY Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922-1923); 2LY Sydney (Woolahra, 1924-1929; South Kensington, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 664, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kensington, 1930-1931; Vaucluse, 1932-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2LY - Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw&quot;
* [[/Sidney Alexander Shaw|Shaw, Sidney Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFJY-4NH] - 1882(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6AI Perth (East Guildford, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant station master (Woolgangee, WA, 1916-1917); railway officer (East Guildford, WA, 1925-1926); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1930-1931); station master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1943); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1972)

===''SHAWSMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Alan &quot;Smithy&quot; or Alan Shaw Smith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37T-B3Y] - 1917(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4SA Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1935-1939); 4SS Brisbane (West End, -1952-2010) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1582, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; historian (amateur); journalist; broadcast engineer (ABC2); public servant (ABC2) - Relationships: Father of 4JSS Steven Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Salisbury, Qld, 1943); radio mechanic (West End, Qld, 1949); builder (West End, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Steven Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Steven &quot;Steve&quot;]] - Licences: 4JSS Brisbane - Qualifications:  (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4SA-4SS Alan Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls:

===''SHEARER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Anderson Shearer|Shearer, Gordon Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5G-JW4] - 1907(Qld)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 4FU Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923-1924); 4GA Gayndah (1930); 4GA Mt Nebo (1931-1934); 4GA Cloncurry (Quamby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 447, 1928, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 95, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (school teacher); state public servant (Qld Dept Education); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Quamby, Qld, 1937; Westbrook, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1949); communications officer (Cloncurry, 1954); supervisor (Surrey Hills, 1963-1968); retired (Vermont, 1972-1980)
===''SHEARSTONE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vincent Leonard Shearstone|Shearstone, Vincent Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G895-CYJ] - 1916(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: BOCP 4, 1936 - WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Albury, 1937); radio announcer (Goulburn, 1943); radio electrician (Goulburn, 1949-1980)
===''SHELDRICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Cornwell Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Eric Cornwell &quot;Shel&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-X2X] - 1903(Eng)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7BH Receive Launceston (1923); 7BH Launceston (1924-1926); 7BT Launceston (1927); 7BM Launceston (1931-1939); 7DM Burnie (1948-1954); 7DN Stowport (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 60, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Launceston, 1928-1943)

===''SHELLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shelley|Shelley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Hamilton Shelley|Shelley, George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-2H4] - 1909(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2QF Sydney (Crows Nest, 1935-1937; Newport Beach, 1938-1939; Waverton, 1946-1948; Newport, 1950-1975); 2ABK Sydney (Newport Beach, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1469, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Newport Beach, NSW, 1936-1954); radio technician (Newport, NSW, 1958-1968; Newport Beach, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Max Robert Shelley|Shelley, Max Robert or Robert Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPR-K4X] - 1895(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XDG Sydney (Henley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 4th Battalion, Lieutenant, 1915-1917; Aust Flying Corps, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: decorator (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''SHELLSHEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shellshear|Shellshear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Guy Shellshear|Shellshear, Walter Guy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DZ-F7R] - 1887(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: XIN Walla (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cardiff, NSW, 1930-1932; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1969)

===''SHENFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shenfield|Shenfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Kennerley Shenfield|Shenfield, Clarence Kennerley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYG-GS1] - 1907(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Cobden (1933-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1206, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1968); casual worker (Cobden, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Cobden, Vic, 1980)

===''SHENTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Hilton Shenton|Shenton, Maurice Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67C-Q1B] - 1903(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Receive Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: irrigation ganger (Bald Hills, 1925); assistant stream gauger (North Ipswich, 1928); public servant (Annerley, 1937)
===''SHEPARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arundel Elmore Shepard|Shepard, Arundel Elmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8HX] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5DC Adelaide (Norwood, 1928-1930; Kent Town, 1931-1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Toorak East, 1946-1965; Heathpool, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 393, 1928, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 136, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPHERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shepherd|Shepherd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. A. Shepherd|Shepherd, H. A.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQD Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPPARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheppard|Sheppard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Horace Sheppard|Sheppard, William Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNTF-2R5] - 1911(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1933; Burwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 744, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: woolbuyer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); buyer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); woolbuyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''SHERIDAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheridan|Sheridan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Vincent Sheridan|Sheridan, Kevin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GT-CK3] - 1918(Qld)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2296, 1939, Qld; BOCP 344, 1940; COCP1 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, for Public Service to Science particularly in the Field of Radiophysics - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sandgate, Qld, 1941; Shorncliff, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1958); physicist (Rose Bay, NSW, 1963-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SHERLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherlock|Sherlock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Henry Sherlock|Sherlock, Keith Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-8S8] - 1916(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2TQ Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1937; Ermington, 1938-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946-1948); 2TQ Londonderry (!950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1655, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ermington, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Londonderry, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Ermington, NSW, 1958); instructor (Carlingford, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1968); technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977); retired (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1980)

===''SHERRIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherriff|Sherriff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest George Sherriff|Sherriff, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K877-WTX] - 1904(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4SU Brisbane (Fairfield, 1935-1937; Hawthorne, 1938-1939; Brisbane City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1464, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brisbane South, Qld, 1928); instructor of printing (Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''SHIEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 997, 1932, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shield|Shield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Wyndham Shield|Shield, John Wyndham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-L3G] - 1919(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6SX Perth (Nedlands, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2265, 1939, WA; COCP2 494, 1941; COCP1 550, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (University Hostel, Nedlands, WA, 1949); lecturer (Nedlands, WA, 1958-1980)

===''SHIELDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shields|Shields, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Edward Shields|Shields, Arthur James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCT-D5G] - 1894(Eng)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3GP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1939; North Balwyn, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 690, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (East Melbourne, 1925-1927; Malvern East, 1928; Camberwell, 1931-1933); auditor (Malvern East, 1934-1936); retired (Ringwood, 1943)

===''SHIPLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shipley|Shipley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Shipley|Shipley, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVG-LQF] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2WR Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1936; Vaucluse, 1937; Potts Point, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1947; Bondi Junction, 1948; Epping, 1950-1980+); 2QW Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 937, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Bondi, NSW, 1933); projectionist (Five Dock, NSW, 1934); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1935; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); radio &amp; electrical engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949-1968); radio electrician (Epping, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SHOEMAKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G828-7LL] - 1879(USA)-1932(USA) - American inventor and pioneer radio engineer, developer of Shoemaker wireless system, associated with Gehring companies, International Telegraph Construction Co (represented in Australia by John William Ormsby Hamilton, who promoted the Shoemaker system here), United Wireless Telegraph Co, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co of America, Mallory companies - Links: [[w:Harry Shoemaker|Wikipedia]]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0026.pdf PIRE1]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0027.pdf PIRE2]

===''SHOESMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoesmith|Shoesmith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Walter Shoesmith|Shoesmith, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9W-XM4] - 1923(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALY Sydney (Eastwood, 1939; Manly, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2273, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Manly, NSW, 1949); farmer (Upper Coopers Creek, NSW, 1954; Tascott, NSW, 1958-1963); surveyor (Corinda, Qld, 1969-1980)

===''SHORING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Samuel Shoring|Shoring, Thomas Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-NDG] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4SR Bundaberg (1937-1939; 4SR Brisbane (New Farm, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1872, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936-1937); salesman (Bundaberg, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (New Farm, Qld, 1954; Holland Park, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''SHORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Short|Short, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Alban Short|Short, Alfred Alban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTS-9QQ] - 1904(NSW)-1946(NT) - Licences: 2SH Newcastle (Lambton, 1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 280, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Lambton, 1930-1943)

* [[/Ormond Short|Short, Ormond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VHH-SGM] - 1901(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1928; Horsham, 1931-1972); engineer (Horsham, 1977)

* [[/Walter Short|Short, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AJ Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922); 2AJ Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924; Kirribilli, 1924; Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Note: several contemporaneous WSs, insufficient data to identify

* [[/William Newton Short|Short, William Newton &quot;Newt&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97J-HMM] - 1897(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ARA Sydney (Auburn, 1948-1954; Beacon Hill, 1955-1958; Auburn, 1960-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965); 2AOW Sydney (Auburn, 1957-1958) - Qualifications: AOCP 2829, 1948, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Ulmarra, 1930-1934); shopkeeper (Coraki, 1935-1936); munition worker (Mayfield, 1943); machinist (Auburn, 1949-1958); inspector (Beacon Hill, 1963)

===''SHORTELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Charles Shortell|Shortell, Raymond Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMQ-4HQ] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 3VB Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3RS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1933); 3RS Shepparton (1937-1939); 3ARF Geelong West (1948-1954); 3ARF Melbourne (Croydon, 1955-1960; Hawthorn, 1965-1975); 4ARS Gold Coast (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 77, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 171, 1934; TVOCP 332, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1925-1934); radio engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1942); manufacturer (Geelong North, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Croydon, Vic, 1954); TV technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972); retired (Chevron Island, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SHORTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eddy Wilbee Shorten|Shorten, Eddy Wilbee or Welbee or Wiebec &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWN4-MZM] - 1899(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4TS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 908, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor) - Comment: Middle name variable; Birth Welbee; Marriage Wiebec; Death Wilbe; AOCP Wilbee - Electoral Rolls:
===''SHORTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4HF Camooweal (1933-1939); 5SR Tennant Creek (1947-1948); 5SR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1954; New Hindmarsh, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1193, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHUTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shute|Shute, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Elliott Stewart Shute|Shute, Robert Elliott Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF5T-CJ5] - 1899(NSW)-1922(NSW) - Licences: XCE Sydney (Strathfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Field Artillery Reinforcements)  - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; (passed from rugby injury age 23yo

===''SIBLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sibly|Sibly, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5R-MH6] - 1897(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XYX Perth (North Perth, 1913-1914); 6AF Receive Perth (City, 1923); 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1923-1924; Inglewood, 1924); 2SB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 32, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) (recorded Sibley) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly; brother of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (North Perth, 1919-1922); manager (Albion, Qld, 1936; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); retired (Rose Bay, 1963-1972)

* [[/Clifton Archibald Sibly|Sibly, Clifton Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K41R-3JQ] - 1894(SA)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 225, 1915 - likely early wireless experimenter with brother Arthur's licence - Relationships: brother of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; uncle of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly - Electoral Rolls: farrier (North Perth, 1915-1937)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKF-F7R] - 1926(NSW)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 2ASY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1954; Kingsgrove, 1957-1965); 3AUV Melbourne (Eltham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 945, 1945; BOCP 1049, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; nephew of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Kingsgrove, 1958-1963); clerk (Eltham, Vic, 1968-1977; Queanbeyan, 1980)

===''SIDEBOTTOM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Geoffrey Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-KGH] - 1902(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: 7BB Receive Launceston (1922); Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of 7SK Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1928-1954) 
* [[/Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Maxwell Douglas Langford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-5QY] - 1922(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7SK Hobart (Newtown, 1948); 7SK Howrah (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2830, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Relationships: son of 7BB Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: sound engineer (New Town, 1949); mechanic (Bateau Bay, NSW, 1980)
===''SIDEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Longfield Sidey|Sidey, Robert Longfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-3P6] - 1874(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2CB James Douglas Kay Sidey - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Lindfield, 1930-1949)

* [[/James Douglas Kay Sidey|Sidey, James Douglas Kay or Douglas James Kay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-35P] - 1904(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Receive Sydney (Lindfield, 1922-1923); 2CB Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925); 2CB Boorowa (1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2ZY Robert Longfield Sidey - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Bethungra, 1943-1949); no occupation (Junee, 1954)

===''SIEVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest William Sievers|Sievers, Ernest William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNJD-8MJ] - 1901(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1165, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 9, 1934; 1COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Kelvin Grove, 1925); night officer (Oakey, 1930); railway night officer (Narangba, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Ascot, 1943; Clayfield, 1949-1958)
* [[/William Frederick Sievers|Sievers, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-NDS] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CB Receive Melbourne (East Richmond, 1922-1923); 3CB Melbourne (East Richmond &amp; South Yarra, 1924-1939, 1946-1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 165, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Richmond, 1931-1943); reader (South Yarra, 1949-1963); meter reader (Toorak, 1972-1980)

===''SIGAL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sigal|Sigal, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Louis Sigal|Sigal, Harold Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4R-XFJ] - 1908(SA)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Woollahra, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 253, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Militia, Signals, 1934-1937) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1931); electrician (Auburn North, NSW, 1933; Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943; Woolowin, Qld, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954; Kensington, NSW, 1958); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1963); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1968); retired (Vaulcuse, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SIGMONT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Sigmont|Sigmont, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD58-221] - 1883(NSW)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Auburn, Vic, 1917; Elsternwick, 1924-1937; Seaford, 1942);

===''SILBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Clive Silby|Silby, Arthur Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8B6-PSD] - 1894(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 (Australian Wireless Squadron) [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911865/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-embarkation-roll/] - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Exeter, 1939-1943)

===''SILVER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Leslie Silver|Silver, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94HC-LTV] - 1904(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4FL Brisbane (Morningside, 1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2086, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Morningside, Qld, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMONDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur George Simmonds|Simmonds, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DL-234] - 1906(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2GS Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1934); 2GS Murwillumbah (1935-1939); 4PG Bundaberg (1946-1948); 2APJ Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1955; Caringbah, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 590, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 207, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Arncliffe, 1933); gardner (Arncliffe, 1935); radio engineer (Murwillumbah, 1935-1937); technician (4BU Kalkie, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ernest John Simmonds|Simmonds, Ernest John]] - 19??(Eng)-19??(Eng) - G2OD Gerrard's Cross, Buckinghamshire, England, amateur operator, first to two way QSO Australia (Nov 1924, 3BQ)

===''SIMMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simmons|Simmons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Fisher Simmons|Simmons, Alexander Fisher]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HL-5MY] - 1906(WA)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3TQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1956; South Yarra, 1960; Bayswater, 1965-1969; Boronia, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2394, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Bayswater, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Trethowan Simmons|Simmons, Henry Trethowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4M3-BP4] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6KX Perth (Subiaco, 1925-1928; Mt Lawley, 1931-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; West Perth, 1954-1955; Mt Pleasant, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 181, 1925, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1121, 1928; 2COCP 295, 1930; 1COCP 257, 1932 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maylands, 1931), radio engineer (Nedlands, 1936; West Perth, 1949), engineer (Fremantle, 1958; Mt Pleasant, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Simmons|Simmons, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBM-SKH] - 1907(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3LJ Melbourne (Belgrave, 1926-1931; East Prahran, 1933); 3LJ Rheola (1937-1939); 3LV Trafalgar (1948); 3LV Cheltenham (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 304, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Womerah, Yarram Yarram, Vic, 1928; Toolangi, Yea, Vic, 1931; Armadale, Vic, 1934-1936; Rheola, Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937; Nanneela West, Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Cheltenham, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simms|Simms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Wilkinson Simms|Simms, Eric Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XZ-9RN] - 1906(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1931; Caulfield, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 360, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Malvern, Vic, 1931); buyer (Caulfield, Vic, 1934; Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simpson|Simpson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Rae Simpson|Simpson, Allan Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCWN-35S] - 1912(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ASO Kyogle (1950-1954); 2ASO Sydney (Cammeray, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3011, 1949, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Wauchope, NSW, 1936; Dungog, NSW, 1937); postal clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1943; Kyogle, NSW, 1949-1954); monitor (Cammeray, NSW, 1958-1963); radio monitor (North Sydney, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Arthur Wellesley Simpson|Simpson, Arthur Wellesley]] - 1899(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2ZJ Duri (1923-1926); 2ZJ Sydney (Five Dock, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 480, 1919 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1930-1936); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1937-1968)

* [[/Benjamin Simpson|Simpson, Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHH-BTH] - 1911(Sct)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: 3SM Melbourne (Richmond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Richmond, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1673948 AWM Roll of Honour]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=517 HMAS Sydney Virtual Memorial]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/rollcontent/517/517a.pdf Lorraine Simpson summary] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Charles William Arthur Simpson|Simpson, Charles William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMD-3Q3] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3IN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2022, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); technician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Edward Morris Simpson|Simpson, Edward Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJYV-NFF] - 1915(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ES Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1947; North Sydney, 1948-1961; Wahroonga, 1965; West Killara, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 772, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1943; North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1958); shipping officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1963; Killara, NSW, 1968); shipping (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Blythe Simpson|Simpson, Harry Blythe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-CZ3] - 1920(???)-2013(WA) - Licences: 6HS Perth (Leederville, 1937-1939; Mt Lawley, 1947-1948; Nedlands, 1954-1969; Lesmurdie, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2060, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Claremont, WA, 1949-1968); marketing manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1972); manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Simpson|Simpson, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8H-8N4] - 1873(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XACF Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Newtown, NSW, 1903; Randwick, NSW, 1913); grocer (Newington, NSW, 1930-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Robert Simpson|Simpson, Leslie Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-4VD] - 1901(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Ararat (1925-1933); 3SA Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 44, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922; Ararat, Vic, 1924-1943); mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Allen Simpson|Simpson, Robert Allen &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-FWT] - 1912(SA)-1996(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2314, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leigh Simpson|Simpson, Thomas Leigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBBW-8Q3] - 1895(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3II Dunkeld (1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2217, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Aust Flying Corps, 1915-1917; RAF, 1918); (WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer at WW1 enlistment (1915); grazier (Dunkeld, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''SIMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Sims|Sims, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MK-NXC] - 1907(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 344, 1927, No. 38 in Qld; 2COCP 16, 1934 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (RAAF Point Cook, 1931-1934); QANTAS air pilot (Brisbane, 1936-1937); public servant (Box Hill, 1963) - Comment: several contemporaneous Eric Charles Sims, need to sort electoral rolls

* [[/Ernest Leslie Arthur Sims|Sims, Ernest Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ6H-6PF] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (Preston, 1930-1933); 3ZA Apollo Bay (1937-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 622, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Preston, Vic, 1931; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1933-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SINCLAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinclair|Sinclair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bertram Sydney Charles Sinclair|Sinclair, Bertram Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M8W6-R4J] - 1906(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CY Receive Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1928; Buckland Hill, WA, 1931-1954; Kendenup, WA, 1958; Mt Barker, WA, 1963)

* [[/Laurence Ernest Sinclair|Sinclair, Laurence Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PJ-G15] - 1913(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1975; Gorokan, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1566, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Canterbury, NSW, 1935-1949); telegraphist (Homebush, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Gorokan, NSW, 1980)

===''SINFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinfield|Sinfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Albert Sinfield|Sinfield, Andrew Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9W-W9R] - 1913(NSW)-1962(SA) - Licences: 2TZ Cootamundra (1933); 2TZ Wagga Wagga (1933-1936); 2AKT Sydney (Concord, 1939; Croydon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1088, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1311, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ganmain, NSW, 1935; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935); soldier (Croydon, NSW, 1943); technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''SINGLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Claude Paul Singleton|Singleton, Claude Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4JR-4SV] - 1914(WA)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4UX Theodore (1936-1939); 4UX Bundaberg (1946-1947); 4UX Stanthorpe (1948); 4UX Atherton (1954-1955); 4UX Malanda (1956); 4UX Ayr (1960); 4UX Childers (1965); 4UX St George (1969); 4UX Gracemere (1975); 4UX Dalby (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1638, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4QW, 4QO, 4QW, 4RK, 4QS); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Theodore, Qld, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Yungaburra, Qld, 1954); public servant (Gracemere, Qld, 1972)

===''SIRL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sirl|Sirl, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence William Charles Sirl|Sirl, Clarence William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89J-9LJ] - 1913(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6XG Katanning (1938-1939; 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 3, 1936; AOCP 2132, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Katanning, 1937-1968)

===''SKENE-SMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Skene-Smith|Skene-Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Skene-Smith, Alexander Bond - See Alexander Bond Skene Smith

===''SLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Irwin Slade|Slade, Charles Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDN1-G28] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3PZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2172, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1954); medical practitioner (St Kilda, 1967-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)
* [[/Charles William Slade|Slade, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3R-28W] - 1893(Eng)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2SX Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1925 (as H. C. Slade); 1925-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; English PMG Certificate 1st class - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN, 1909-1924); Wireless Weekly (technical editor, 1925-1928); Daily Telegraph (radio &amp; technical editor, 1928-1929); Keogh Radio (engineer, 1929-1930); Croydon Radio (proprietor, 1930-1933+) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer, R.A.N. (Croydon, 1943-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2SX - Charles William Slade&quot;

===''SLATER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. F. Slater|Slater, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Sheffield (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Harold Ivan Slater|Slater, Harold Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDT3-7JP] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Kelso (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: pastoralist (Kelso, Tas, 1919); labourer (Maypole Hotel, New Town, Tas); no occupation (Middle Park, Vic, 1926); airman (Point Cook, Vic, 1927; Middle Park, 1931); traveller (Elsternwick, 1936-1968)
===''SLATTERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slattery|Slattery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Patrick Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-KHF] - 1866(Irl)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St John's College, Camperdown; St Vincent's, Ashfield, 1930) - Links: [[w:Joseph Patrick Slattery|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/slattery-joseph-patrick-8453 ADB]

* [[/Joseph Samuel Francis Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Samuel Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVN-SSF] - 1894(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 50, 1915; CPRT 167, 1915; 2COCP 324, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1916; Esperance, WA, 1916; RAN radio station, Geraldton, 1917); travelling salesman (Stanthorpe, 1928-1930); traveller (Tamworth, 1932-1933; Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1935); commercial traveller (New Farm, 1936; Hamilton, Qld, 1937; Fairfield, Qld, 1949; West Sydney, 1949-1954); radio officer (Mascot, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''SLAWSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slawson|Slawson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Thomas Slawson|Slawson, George Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW2-T4D] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFN Sydney (Harbord, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; Croydon, 1960-1961; Homebush, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1835, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father also GTS - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1943-1958); public servant (Croydon, NSW, 1963; Strathfield West, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SLIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slight|Slight, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Alexander Burrough Slight|Slight, Arthur Alexander Burrough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBLQ-X4J] - 1902(Eng)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2DA Receive Sydney (Parramatta, 1922); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Parramatta, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Windsor, 1931-1938; Richmond, 1939, 1946-1950); 3AZA Ballarat (1954); 2ZA Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); MBE 1941; OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Richmond, NSW, 1949); RAAF Officer (RAAF Ballarat Camp, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qnum=1747&amp;qname=SLIGHT RAF MBE]

===''SLUTZKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Eliot Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert Eliot &quot;Bob&quot; or &quot;Bobbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGSK-21C] - 1917(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1956; Balaclava, 1960-1975; East St Kilda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2159, 1938, Vic; COCP1 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Balaclava, Vic, 1949); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1954-1963; Balaclava, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''SMALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Small|Small, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Small|Small, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBR-5P7] - 1907(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2QS Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1231, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Thomas Augustus Small|Small, Thomas Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2YV-RNM] - 1901(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2WS Murwillumbah (1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1222, 1933, NSW; BOCP 235, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); commercial traveller (Bellingen, NSW, 1930); salesman (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943); furniture retailer (Eastwood, NSW, 1949); grazier (Lower Quipolly, NSW, 1958-1963); representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1972)

===''SMART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smart|Smart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Smart|Smart, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHD-TNH] - 1891(NZ)-1980(NZ) - Licences: 4SM Barcaldine (1936-1937); 4SM Paterson (1938-1939); 4SM Longreach (1946-1948); 4SM Cairns (Cairns City, 1954-1956; Freshwater, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1625, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boiler attendant (Dunevia Station, Blackhall, Qld, 1913); motor engineer (Aramac, Qld, 1916-1925; Barcaldine, 1928-1937); freeholder (Longreach, Qld, 1943); mechanic (Longreach, Qld, 1949); farmer (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (Freshwater, Qld, 1963-1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977)

===''SMELLIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ellis Henry Smellie|Smellie, Ellis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-FDM] - 1893(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 218, 1930; 1COCP 240, 1931 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Applecross, 1925; Geraldton, 1931; Broome, 1936); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); radio officer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954; Blackburn, 1963-1980)

===''SMIBERT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, George]] - 1840(Sct)-1899(Vic) - clubs (founding member Telegraph Electrical Society Vic), employment (Postal Department Vic, chief electrician), brother of James Smibert Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, James]] - 1836(Sct)-1912(Vic) - employment (Postal Department Vic, Deputy Postmaster-General, appointed following early passing of Samuel Walker McGowan), created a nepotism scandal by early promotion of brother and brother-in-law to the most senior positions in Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs in the early 1890s, likely reason for the positioning of Qld appointees at the top of the Federal PMGD in 1901; the brother of George Smibert Chief Electrician, Postal Dept Vic

===''SMITH (A-L)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Smith, Alan Shaw - See Alan Shawsmith (change of name)

* [[/A. C. Smith|Smith, A. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJDO Matlock (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Specific individual not identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Alexander Bond Skene Smith|Smith, Alexander Bond Skene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRDG-J7D] - 1893(Eng)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1930-1933); 2SS Sydney (Narrabeen, 1948); 2SS Lawson (1950-1956); 2SS Blackheath (1957-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 294, 1930; COCP1 196, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous Alexander Smiths - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lennex Lonsdale Smith|Smith, Arthur Lennex Lonsdale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QQY-B84] - 1908(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1936-1939; Fairfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1702, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Fairfield, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Arthur Carrington Smith|Smith, Arthur Carrington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKV-VL2] - 1902(Tas)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Receive Launceston (1923); 7AB Launceston (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 8, 1924, No. ?? in Tas; CPRT 930, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (operator 7BN Wills &amp; Co wannabe Class B); recording engineer (Cinesound Productions Ltd, Bondi, 1932); inventor of sound-on-film systems - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Launceston, 1928); recording engineer (Bronte, 1931-1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); recording engineer (Clovelly, 1943-1949; Waverley, 1963-1968); engineer (Waverley, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;7BN-7AB - Arthur Carrington Smith&quot;

* [[/Austen Cyril Smith|Smith, Austen Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6N-JKF] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2FS Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1925; Burwood, 1925; Maroubra, 1930-1933; Homebush, 1933; Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 75, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio agent - Electoral Rolls: radio agent (Burwood, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Burwood, 1958-1963); retired (Lower Hawkesbury, 1972-1980)

* [[/A. J. Smith|Smith, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Harris Park, 1927-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/C. Smith|Smith, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BA Receive Stanley (1922); Receive Stanley (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Cedric Preston Smith|Smith, Cedric Preston or Preston-Smith, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BB-X47] - 1907(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Cremorne, 1924-1925); 2QK Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Balgowlah, 1937; Lane Cove, 1938-1939); 3QG Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948); 3QG Ballarat (1954-1956); 2CD Sydney (Cremorne, 1958-1961; Palm Beach, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1212, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bank accountant (Binnaway, NSW, 1930); bank officer (Manly, NSW, 1932; Balgowlah, NSW, 1934-1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949); bank manager (Ballarat, Vic, 1954; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Palm Beach, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZZ-2QK-2CD - Cedric Preston Smith&quot;

* [[/Charles Frederick Smith|Smith, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3J-B3F] - 1904(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: No licence yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 418, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1112, 1928; 2COCP 44, 1929 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: Several contemporaneous Charles Frederick Smith's, not yet identified

* [[/Claude Sargent Smith|Smith, Claude Sargent or Sarjent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLW-9HG] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2AHK Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939); 2ANZ Sydney (Pymble, 1969); 2ANZ Grafton (1975); 2ANZ Sydney (West Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1962, 1937, NSW; COCP2 157, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: wood machinist (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949); clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1958; Pymble, NSW, 1963-1968; Grafton, NSW, 1972; Pymble, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Colin Hughes Smith|Smith, Colin Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YH-LLB] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PK Melbourne (East Kew, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 433, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 90, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/George Edwin Smith|Smith, George Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJ3-BVR] - 1916(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3YG Melbourne (Brighton, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1960; Blackburn South, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1792, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); observer (Brighton, Vic, 1954); public servant (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Blackburn South, Vic, 1967); retired (Lilydale, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Leonard Frederick Smith|Smith, George Leonard Frederick or Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZR-5Q7] - 1913(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3FR Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939; St Kilda, 1947-1948; Montmorency, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1768, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1942); sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (Montmorency, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Herbert Henry Baker Smith|Smith, Herbert Henry Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFN-H6R] - 19??(???)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4DP Receive Cairns (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cairns, Qld, 1925-1930)

* [[/J. H. Smith|Smith, J. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EA Receive Beenleigh (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Albert Malcolm Smith|Smith, John Albert Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L264-537] - 1911(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5JR Adelaide (St Peters, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1375, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Smith|Smith, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMGD-VTK] - 1914(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AEJ Baradine (1936-1939, 1947-1950); 2AEJ Sydney (Waverley, 1954-1955; Lakemba, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1760, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JWSs - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Keith Howard Smith|Smith, Keith Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCN-ZH8] - 1915(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1939, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2396, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: Public Service Medal, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: university student (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1941; Clayfield, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Leslie Smith|Smith, Leslie]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DD Sydney (Concord, 1931; Homebush, 1931; Concord, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 726, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly Leslie Smith killed in truck accident 1936; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITH (M-Z)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Jeffrey Smith|Smith, Noel Jeffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PM-2B8] - 1919(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1495, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Canowindra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/P. W. Smith|Smith, P. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EF Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Raymond Sydney Smith|Smith, Raymond Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L176-XYF] - 1914(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Kew, 1937-1938); 2AJQ Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1938; Sans Souci, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2006, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RSSs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937); RAN (Toorak, Vic, 1943); process worker (Homebush, NSW, 1958); driver (Granville, NSW, 1963); labourer (Granville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Reginald George Smith| Smith, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6T-TLM] - 1888(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ACR Sydney (Turramurra, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2054, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster – Comment: Several contemporaneous RGSs - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Turramurra, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Richard John Smith|Smith, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-14B] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIU Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939, 1946-1969); 2AIU Tweed Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2026, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1333, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1933-1963); radio technician? (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Cecil Smith|Smith, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G134-ZFJ] - 1916(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YQ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2117, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1073, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943-1949; Blackburn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Rowland Anthony Godfrey Smith|Smith or Godfrey-Smith, Rowland Anthony Godfrey &quot;Tony&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHYR-N91] - 1919(NSW)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 2AMN Sydney (Wahroonga, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2326, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son-in-Law of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Northbridge, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

* [[/Sidney Arthur Smith|Smith, Sidney or Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MH-VHS] - 1917(???)-2008(WA)91yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2100, 1938, WA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Subiaco, WA, 1943); civil engineer (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1958; Bedford, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Hugh Holland Smith|Smith, Sidney Hugh Holland]] - 1861(???)-1933(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, senior state public servant (Qld P&amp;T, Chief Mechanician), senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Mechanician, Qld), radio clubs (QWI, vice president), business proprietor (Telephone and Electrical Supplies Co)

* [[/Stuart Disney Paull Smith|Smith, Stuart (Birth) or Stewart (Electoral Rolls) Disney Paull or Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDB-8D8] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4LA Brisbane (Corinda, 1934-1939); 4LA Amberley (1946-1948); 4LA Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1303, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (RAAF, navigator); broadcast technician (4BC); Dept Education (O/C Radio) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Corinda, Qld, 1936-1949); radio technician (New Farm, Qld, 1949); maintenance officer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Sydney Smith|Smith, Sydney]] - 1856(NSW)-1934(NSW) - senior state politician (NSW MLA), senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1904-1905)

* [[/Victor Leslie Smith|Smith, Victor Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXQW-Q5S] - 1916(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (Collingwood, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2029, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Collingwood, Vic, 1937-1949)

* [[/Wilfred Smith|Smith, Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRQ-PQ1] - 1896(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 602, 1921; 2COCP 419, 1941; 1COCP 882, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/William Arthur Smith|Smith, William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-XL9] - 1906(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Wallaroo (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 526, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Glenunga, 1939-1943) - beware several contemporaneous William Arthur Smith's

* [[/William Glanville Clement Smith|Smith, William Glanville Clement]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS5-JM9] - 1914(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2IV Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1013, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF Radio Officer (Penrith, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Orchard Hills, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William Henry Smith|Smith, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2V-L4R] - 1911(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5SW Adelaide (Woodville, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 5ASW Adelaide (Woodville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1996, 1937, SA; BOCP 431, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHSs - Electoral Rolls: operator (Woodville, SA, 1939)

* [[/W. J. Smith|Smith, W. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: N758 Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922); 2IC Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITHERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Charles Smithers|Smithers, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z1-GQ1] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 552, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector of fisheries (Urunga, 1930); inspector (Burwood, 1930-1949)

===''SMYTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Walter Smyth|Smyth, Cedric Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1C-4MX] - 1916(WA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 7CD Devonport (1933-1939); 3ACH Melbourne (Doncaster East, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1133, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Doncaster East, 1954-1977)
* [[/Victor Loftus Smyth|Smyth, Victor Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-P8L] - 1905(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Receive Geelong (1923); 3PJ Geelong (1924); 3PJ Bendigo (1924-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 126, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Bendigo, 1928-1972)
===''SMYTHE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Cresswell Smythe|Smythe, Alan (BMD) or Allan (Electoral Rolls) Cresswell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JQ-V9V] - 1908(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5MF Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Hazlewood Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 658, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 135, 1933; BOCP 125, 1937; 1COCP 196, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SNADDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaddon|Snaddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Ernest Snaddon|Snaddon, John Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLF-B75] - 1920(Eng)-1944(Aegean Sea) - Licences: 3VE Melbourne (Malvern, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2322, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 459 Squadron, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/snaddon-john-ernest-409361/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SNAITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaith|Snaith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Leslie Snaith|Snaith, Samuel Leslie &quot;Leslie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-2S8] - 1901(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1930; Newport, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 166, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1924-1928; Newport, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''SNAPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snape|Snape, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fairlie Roger de Burgh Snape|Snape, Fairlie Roger de Burgh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-B1V] - 1900(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NU Receive Quirindi (1923); 4JK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 695, 1922; 2COCP 340, 1931; 1COCP 221, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Quirindi, 1930); wireless operator (Quirindi, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Killara, 1949-1968); engineer (Killara, 1980)

===''SNEDDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sneddon|Sneddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Neville Sneddon|Sneddon, Richard Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTS-SX7] - 1908(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Burwood, 1923); 2AKQ Sydney (Concord West, 1938-1939); 2WS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1946-1965); 2WS Wamberal (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2183, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937; Concord West, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''SNELLGROVE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William George Rayner Snellgrove|Snellgrove, William George Rayner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YC-Y4J] - 1879(SA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XCN Sydney (Willoughby, 1913-1914); 2DD Receive Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 242, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; merchant navy (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1913; Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1931; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1936); superintending engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XCN-2DD - William George Rayner Snellgrove&quot; - Links: [https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/6986877 IWM]

===''SNOOK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Charles Snook|Snook, Keith Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTG-Z2D] - 1908(Tas)-1946(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Hobart North, 1936); motor mechanic (Hobart Central, 1937)
===''SNOSWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snoswell|Snoswell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Raymond Snoswell|Snoswell, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NWH-MCT] - 1899(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5AD Adelaide (Exeter, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Largs, 1939-1943)

===''SOBELS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sobels|Sobels, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Dhorenwendt Sobels|Sobels, Max Dhorenwendt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNT-8Q5] - 1904(Vic)-1996(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Watervale, 1923); 2OT Sydney (Dee Why, 1932-1939; Lakemba, 1946); 2OT Broken Hill (1947-1950); 2OT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1954-1956); 2OT Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1957-1961); 2OT Goulburn (1965-1969); 5OT Adelaide (Holden Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 894, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 1358, 1954; TVOCP 28, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); teacher (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1958; Ashfield, NSW, 1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1963); retired (Goulburn, NSW, 1968)

===''SODEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander William Soden|Soden, Alexander William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-7M1] - 1909(Qld)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Annerley, 1930-1939; Yeerongpilly, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 634, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1943)
===''SOILLEUX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soilleux|Soilleux, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Garnet Argyle Soilleux|Soilleux, Garnet Argyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-XPN] - 1900(Vic)-1959(Eng) - Licences: XOG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 497, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Auburn, Vic, 1924); architect (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1937; Kew, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SOLOMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Solomon|Solomon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Charles Henry Solomon|Solomon, Cecil Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH6J-BQ1] - 1902(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Prahran, 1931-1933; South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 738, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Prahran, Vic, 1924-1936); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); soldier (Auburn, Vic, 1943); nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); radio technician (Carnegie, Vic, 1963)

===''SORAGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soraghan|Soraghan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald St James Soraghan|Soraghan, Donald St James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ8-7TC] - 1902(Ireland)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934); 2LH Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1939); 2PU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 233, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Kingscliff, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SOUMPROU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soumprou|Soumprou, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Emile Walter Soumprou|Soumprou, Emile Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZZF-SX7] - 1906(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3WK Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; North Fitzroy, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 511, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937); retired (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1942-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954)

===''SOUTHWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Southwell|Southwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Lindsay Southwell|Southwell, Clifford Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-FDF] - 1897(SA)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2SW Sydney (Cremorne, 1925-1926; Northbridge, 1927-1929; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 131, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Private); WW2 (Australian Army, colonel) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northbridge, NSW, 1930); manager (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1958); business executive (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Leslie William Douglas Southwell|Southwell, Leslie William Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WXT-S8L] - 1900(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3SL Seymour (1924-1939, 1946-1954); 3SL Melbourne (Montrose, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 250, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Seymour, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel Leslie Southwell|Southwell, Noel Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-ZJW] - 1919(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ZF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1565, 1935, NSW; 1COCP 149, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (1949) - Comment: QSL collection survives ARDXC/NFSA - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Spark|Spark, John]] - 1879(USA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Fremantle, 1917); civil servant (West Perth, 1921) - Comment: identification not certain
===''SPEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spedding|Spedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Thomas Spedding|Spedding, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ82-ZCM] - 1897(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 4DU Receive Brandon (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Brandon, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1932-1958)

===''SPEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Speer|Speer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Speer|Speer, John Francis &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYD4-LJN] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FF Corop (1936-1939); 3FF Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Thornbury, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1724, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3TS Thomas Patterson Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1942); machinist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); merchant (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); dealer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Patterson Speer|Speer, Thomas Patterson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDH-FVD] - 1907(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3TS Corop (1936-1939, 1947-1969); 3TS Flora Hill (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1815, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FF John Francis Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Flora Hill, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''SPENCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spence|Spence, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Keith Spence|Spence, Edward Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBYN-S3H] - 1908(Qld)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 4DT Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Union Bank, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930; Wellington, NSW, 1934); bank officer (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Rose Bay, NSW, 1937; Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Hugh David Spence| Spence, Hugh David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZB-X1K] - 1920(Tas)-1984(WA) - Licences: 7DS Longford (1938-1939, 1947-1965); 6FS Perth (Cottesloe, 1969; East Victoria Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2105, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Longford, Tas, 1943-1944); radio engineer (Longford, Tas, 1949-1963); radio technician (East Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Guthrie Spence|Spence, William Guthrie]] - 1846(Sco)-1926(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1914-1915)

===''SPENCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Derek David Spencer|Spencer, Derek David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSW-N55] - 1909(Eng)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 3DS Melbourne (Altona, 1934-1937); 6DS Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1280, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 157, 1934; 2COCP 55, 1936; 1COCP 111, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Ulverstone, Tas, 1954; Leven, Tas, 1963); farmer (Gawler, Tas, 1972)

===''SPERRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilfred John Sperring|Sperring, Wilfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVLY-JPK] - 1917(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6SP Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1920, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Victoria Park, WA, 1943); mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1949); radio engineer (Belmont, WA, 1954-1963)

===''SPICER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spicer|Spicer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Victor John Spicer|Spicer, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88M-KKY] - 1910(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1929-1931; East Malvern, 1933; North Fitzroy, 1937-1939, 1946-1948); 3BQV Melbourne (Hurstbridge, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 554, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, 1934); constable (Port Melbourne, 1936; Fitzroy, 1937-1954; Carlton South, 1967-1968); retired (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPITZKOWSKY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Royston Stanley Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Max Royston Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYD-23H] - 1904(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1926-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 302, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 134, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Hamilton, NSW, 1932-1972)

===''SPLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Splatt|Splatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Bartlett Splatt|Splatt, Alan Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-HBH] - 1912(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3BS Melbourne (Montmorency, 1934-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1370, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Briar Hill, Vic, 1935-1943)

===''SPOONER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spooner|Spooner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Spooner|Spooner, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ93-LSL] - 1918(WA)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1983, 1937, Vic; AIR3 1102, 1947; COCP1 1311, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 30 Squadron, DFC, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: air observer (Darwin, NT, 1943); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPOTSWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril Ernest Spotswood|Spotswood, Cyril Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-4GM] - 1897(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: Receive Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burnie, 1936-1943); fettler (Burnie, 1949-1954)
* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7C] - 1892(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Poopoonbah via Giru (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1356, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: second YL operator in Qld - Relationships: Wife of 4JK Jack Lawrence Humphry - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Ching Do Siding, Ayr, Qld, 1919-1936; Giru, Qld, 1937-1949; Poopoonbah, Qld, 1954; St Lucia, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SPRENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sprenger|Sprenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Ernest Sprenger|Sprenger, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQD-2CJ] - 1914(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ES Bundaberg (1932-1939); 4ES Brisbane (New Farm, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, 1955-1960; Rainworth, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 1064, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 165, 1938; 1COCP 530, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); state public servant (Qld Police, radio comms) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bundaberg, 1936-1937); police constable (New Farm, Qld, 1943-1949); sergeant police (Holland Park, Qld, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958); sub-inspector police (Rainworth, Qld, 1963-1968); police officer (Rainworth, Qld, 1972); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SPRING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spring|Spring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol Leeming Spring|Spring, Athol Leeming]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VS-DPM] - 1892(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: XHZ Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913-1972); retired (Bondi, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SPRINGETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Springett|Springett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Springett|Springett, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PV-RVB] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Exeter (1935-1937); 2OM Sydney (Willoughby, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1567, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1930-1932); wardsman (Exeter, NSW, 1934-1937); draughtsman (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''SPROULE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sproule|Sproule, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Laurence Sproule|Sproule, Archie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BK-5J7] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2IB Dubbo (1934-1935); 2IB Parkes (1936); 2IB Werris Creek (1937); 2IB Sydney (Punchbowl, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1398, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1935; Werris Creek, NSW, 1936); clerk (Werris Creek, NSW, 1943); telegraphist (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949; Oatley, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPURRIER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spurrier|Spurrier, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Charles Spurrier|Spurrier, Leonard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTY1-WZJ] - 1904(Wales)-1984(SA) - Licences: S382 Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1922); 5AL Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarence Park, 1939-1941; Eden Hills, 1943)

===''SQUELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squelch|Squelch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arbor Squelch|Squelch, Thomas Arbor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZRH-758] - 1892(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Bangalow (1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); ironmonger (Bangalow, NSW, 1932-1977)

===''SQUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squire|Squire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Leith Squire|Squire, Leslie Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HQ-59S] - 1918(NSW)-1963(???) - Licences: 2NL Thornton (1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2OL Portable Thornton (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1131, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 279, 1936; COCP2 80, 1936; BOCP 93, 1937; COCP1 231, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Maitland East, NSW, 1943; Thornton, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SQUIRES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squires|Squires, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Squires|Squires, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-3GW] - 1909(WA)-1972(???) - Licences: 6JS Perth (Cannington, 1929-1939; Como, 1946-1956; Nedlands, 1960; West Leederville, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 510, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cannington, 1931-1936); sales manager (Midland Junction, 1937; South Perth, 1943-1954); manager (Subiaco, 1963); business manager (West Kalamunda, 1968)

===''ST JOHN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert St John|St John, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Clive Bolingbroke St John|St John, Henry Clive Bolingbroke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTN-PV8] - 1895(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RX Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2RX Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1939); 2APN Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 258, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: reader (Rockdale, 1930-1936; Northbridge, 1943-1963)

===''STACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stacey|Stacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Keith Stacey|Stacey, Howard Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3TY-D8M] - 1907(NSW)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5XA Adelaide (Firle, 1934-1937; Knightsbridge, 1938-1939; Leabrook, 1947-1956; Glynde, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1360, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Burnside, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Roy Ernest Stacey|Stacey, Roy Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDT-PNR] - 1902(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RS Proserpine (1933-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1187, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: office assistant (Bauple, Qld, 1925); clerk (Proserpine, Qld, 1928-1972)

* [[/Roydon Stacey|Stacey, Roydon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK4-TLX] - 1908(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HY Sydney (Crows Nest, 1932-1937; Oatley, 1938-1939; Crows Nest, 1948; Oatley, 1950); 2QM Sydney (Epping, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 936, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1937); storekeeper (Oatley, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1968); supervising technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Seymour Stacey|Stacey, Seymour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR79-YXV] - 1893(Eng)-1960(ACT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 27, 1914 - telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: sorting clerk &amp; telegraphist (Keswick, Cumberland, Eng, 1911); electrical engineer (Griffith, ACT, 1928-1943); electrical contractor (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1958)

===''STACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Patrick Charles Stack|Stack, Robert Patrick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-Y2K] - 1904(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4TK Innisfail (1936-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1742, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Innisfail, Qld, 1930-1932); stationer (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1943)

===''STACKPOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Julian Stackpole|Stackpole, Peter Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-H8N] - 1947(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 3ZQS Melbourne (North Clayton, 1980+; 1RX Canberra, 1990s); Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 2203, 1966; AOCP N1856, 1988 - amateur operator; broadcast planning engineer (P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA, ACA) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Hampton, 1972); technical officer (Clayton, 1977-1980)
===''STAFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Staff|Staff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Leslie Staff|Staff, Raymond Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHPS-L3T] - 1904(Qld)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934); 2AMN Canberra (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1930); messenger (Mascot, NSW, 1933-1934; bank manager (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1934); messenger(Bondi, NSW, 1935; Mitchell, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Belconnen, ACT, 1943); car driver (Kingston, ACT, 1949); bookkeeper (Moruya, NSW, 1954-1958); storeman (Parramatta, NSW, 1963)

===''STAFFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stafford|Stafford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivor Stafford|Stafford, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-PHJ] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3XB Lallat North (1934-1939); 3XB Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1272, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3KS Mavis Ellen Stafford nee Coutts - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Prahran, Vic, 1934; Manya North, Vic, 1936; Lallat North, Vic, 1937-1942; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Hurst William Stafford|Stafford, John Hurst William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6P-XSJ] - 1901(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Receive Ipswich (Ebbw Vale, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ebbw Vale, 1925-1928; Booval, 1932-1949); engineer (East Ipswich, 1958-1963); retired (Mansfield, 1977-1980)

* Stafford, Mavis Ellen see Mavis Ellen Coutts

===''STALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stalker|Stalker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Clarence Stalker|Stalker, Dudley Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG3-TYC] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KJ Colac (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 995, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Colac, Vic, 1931-1937); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''STANFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Roy Stanfield|Stanfield, Clifford Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXR-9GG] - 1900(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: N744 Receive Newcastle (1922); 2HX Receive Newcastle (1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 383, 1918; 2COCP 136, 1930; 1COCP 140, 1930 - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, 1930; Maroubra, 1932-1968); retired (Blaxland, 1977-1980)
===''STANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanley|Stanley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. M. Stanley|Stanley, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JS Receive Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1922-1923); 2JS Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1924); Orange (1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 100, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; newsagent (Leura, late 1920s) - Identification: Not yet identified (possibly James Melville Stanley, electrician, Lockhart, 1930) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vincent Edward Stanley|Stanley, Vincent Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHDF-X7C] - 1896(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VS Sydney (Chatswood, 1926-1928; Carlingford, 1929-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 379, 1918; COCP2 26, 1929; COCP1 141, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1933-1954); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963; Rosebery, NSW, 1968)

===''STANSFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stansfield|Stansfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Galen Stansfield|Stansfield, Frederick Galen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHKB-QKP] - 1909(Eng)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1489, 1935, WA; COCP2 81, 1935; COCP1 223, 1939 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Second Radio Officer, MV Koolama) - Electoral Rolls: student (Nedlands, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/koolama.html Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STANTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanton|Stanton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Haberfield Stanton|Stanton, Keith Haberfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPR5-MHJ] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XFU Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3241, 1960 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 7th Brigade/6th Regiment, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1936); real estate (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); grazier (Reedy Creek, NSW, 1949; Kareeba, NSW, 1954-1958); real estate (Church Point, NSW, 1968)

===''STAPLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Stapleton|Stapleton, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-R9P] - 1915(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5KY Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1314, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cook, SA, 1941-1944)

===''STARKIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas William Starkie|Starkie, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBS-NCY] - 1906(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4NW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 306, 1926, No. 30 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Nundah, 1928-1937); warehouse assistant (Holland Park, 1943); manager (Wavell Heights, 1949); agent (Toowong, 1954-1958); manufacturer's agent (Kenmore, 1963); agent (Tennyson, 1968-1972); retired (The Gap, 1977; North Tamborine, 1980)

===''STARR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Starr|Starr, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-LC4] - 1916(Qld)-1940(off Qld coast) - Licences: 4FS Stanthorpe (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1930, 1937, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 23 Squadron, Aircraftsman Class 1) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Stanthorpe, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1719163 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Alwyn Starr|Starr, William Alwyn &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RK-F5D] - 1909(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6DB Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Pingelly, WA, 1931; Merredin, WA, 1936; Narrogin, WA, 1937; Bunbury, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1954; Daglish, WA, 1958; Cottesloe, WA, 1963; Mt Claremont, WA, 1968-1977; Swinburne, WA, 1977-1980)

===''STEANE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Ashcroft Steane|Steane, Geoffrey William Ashcroft]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCF-JWV] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 775, 1923; 2COCP 330, 1931 -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1949); television engineer (Double Bay, NSW, 1954); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1954)

===''STEELE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steele|Steele, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland Edward James Steele|Steele, Rowland Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-2ZM] - 1904(Tas)-1987(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hobart West, 1928); dairyman (West Hobart, 1937-1972)

===''STEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steer|Steer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Hurtle Steer|Steer, Albert Hurtle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKFN-K9D] - 1914(SA)-2010(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1787, 1936, SA; BOCP 713, 1946 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Army officer (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939); Salvation Army officer (Sterling, SA, 1941); welfare officer (RAAF Station, Nhill, Vic, 1942); salvation army officer (Stirling West, SA, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1687262 VWMA]

===''STEPHEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percy Goldsmith Stephen|Stephen, Percy Goldsmith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2J-HVR] - 1896(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAEL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914); 2ZB Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1925); 2PS Sydney (Balmain, 1926; Granville, 1927-1930; Lidcombe, 1931-1936; Croydon, 1937-1939; Five Dock, 1946-1958; Condell Park, 1960-1975) (Dealer licence in 1926 &amp; 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Section, Aus Naval &amp; Mil Exped Force, CPO) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Granville, 1930); electrician (Lakemba, 1930; Lidcombe, 1932-1936); electrical fitter (Five Dock, 1943-1958); fitter (Condell Park, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEL-2ZB-2PS - Percy Goldsmith Stephen&quot;

===''STEPHENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephens|Stephens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Nelson Stephens|Stephens, Arthur Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G941-3F1] - 1886(Eng)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1922); 4CG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923-1925); Operator of 4AE - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Carlton, Vic, 1912-1914); engineer (Wireless Station, Pinkenba, 1915-1919; Clayfield, 1925-1928); hotel keeper (Palm Beach Hotel, Elanora, 1932-1934; Grand Hotel, Southport, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Southport, 1949); secretary (Main Beach, 1954-1958; Southport East, 1963-1968)

* [[/Frank Richmond Stephens|Stephens, Frank Richmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-MLM] - 1897(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 452, 1919 - RANRS - Electoral Rolls:  naval reservist (New Farm, 1921); farm hand (Wamuran, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (New Farm, 1925-1937); radio mechanic (New Farm, Qld, 1943); agent (New Farm, Qld, 1949); caretaker (Brisbane, 1954-1958); retired (Bowen Hills, 1963; Coolangatta, 1968-1972)

* [[/Harry James Milne Stephens|Stephens, Harry James Milne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYC-KQH] - 1900(WA)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6ZZ Perth (South Perth, 1935-1939; Bassendean, 1947-1960; Eden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1530, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Albany, WA, 1925); railway employee (Katanning, WA, 1931-1936); storekeeper (Fremantle, WA, 1937); aircraftsman (Bassendean, WA, 1943-1963); railway employee (Eden Hill, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Lance Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lance Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9B-L57] - 1891(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Father of 2ZLS-2ACO Lindsay Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: electrical machinist (Burwood, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1935); electrical engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936-1977)

* [[/Lindsay Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lindsay Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPW-2NP] - 1923(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ZLS Wagga Wagga (1960); 2ACO Wagga Wagga (1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 640, 1959; AOCP 3948, 1961, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Lance Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: technician (Gordon, NSW, 1949); engineer (PMG Dept, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1963; Goonellabah, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Reginald Alva Claude Stephens|Stephens, Reginald Alva Claude ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYML-5QY] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Gympie (1948); 4RA Brisbane (Scarborough, 1954; Brighton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1531, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarram, Vic, 1936); public servant (Scarborough, Qld, 1949-1954); clerk (Brighton, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Thomas Stephens|Stephens, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-35G] - 1912(Vic)-1944(Sct) - Licences: 3GO Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - qualifications: cc; AOCP 489, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1944) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/stephens-thomas-418036/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Blacket Stephens|Stephens, Thomas Blacket or Blackett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9WG-Y5P] - 1902(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 309, 1926, No. 31 in Qld - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: articled law clerk (Annerley, 1925-1928); solicitor (Annerley, 1934; Fortitude Valley, 1936-1937; Clayfield, 1949-1968); retired (St Lucia, 1972-1980)

===''STEPHENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephenson|Stephenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Wilfred Stephenson|Stephenson, Charles Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-M7F] - 1905(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother); 2BWQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 282, 1926, No. 25 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, operator 4WN; WIAQ, operator 4AE); broadcast technician (4QG); business proprietor (cinema audio) - Relationships: brother of 4RG Harold John Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1932-1933); sound engineer (Capertee, NSW, 1936-1937); panel beater (Bourke, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Capertee, NSW, 1949-1954; Maroubra, NSW, 1958); autoelectrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Blacktown, NSW, 1980) 

* [[/Harold John Stephenson|Stephenson, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-9M3] - 1903(Qld)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 290, 1926, No. 27 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 4RG/2BWQ Charles Wilfred Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Wooloowin, Qld, 1925-1943); sheet metal worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); engineer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); aircraft mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''STER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ster|Ster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. W. Ster|Ster, R. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Preston, 1938-1939); 3AWG Barramunga (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STEVENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevens|Stevens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edgar F. Stevens|Stevens, Albert Edgar F. &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH4H-N2D] - 1894(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6BN Perth (North Perth, 1924-1927; South Perth, 1930-1939); nominated licensee for W732 WIA WA (1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 136, 1925, No. ?? in WA - Radio Activity: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917); phone mechanic (North Perth, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;6BN – Albert Edgar Stevens&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Stevens|Stevens, Frederick William]] - 1898-19?? - 4SP Brisbane, amateur operator (PRTC 788, 1923, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP, 1930, Qld), Coastal wireless operator; first chief engineer 4QG, state public servant (4QG), pilot (Qantas), federal public servant (DCA)

* [[/Herbert Newman Stevens|Stevens, Herbert Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYY-2NY] - 1911(???)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Balwyn, 1954-1965; South Blackburn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1191, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Auburn, Vic, 1936-1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1963; Blackburn South, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/James Thomas Stevens|Stevens, James Thomas or Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-91P] - 1914(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3ZK Swan Hill (1933-1939, 1947); 3ZK Beverford (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1106, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Swan Hill, Vic, 1936-1954); clerk (Beverford, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Edward Stevens|Stevens, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZMF] - 1908(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7OJ Deloraine (1931-1933); 3OJ Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 817, 1931, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1931; Burwood, 1937-1980)

===''STEVENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevenson|Stevenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Vincent Stevenson|Stevenson, Cecil Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1X-5KF] - 1878(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 815 Receive Sydney (Randwick); 2IY Sydney (Randwick, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder of 2UE B class - Relationships: Father of Murray Herman Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Randwick, NSW, 1930-1936); retired (Port Hacking, NSW, 1943-1954; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Murray Herman Stevenson|Stevenson, Murray Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1K-K6M] - 1905(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 46, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2IY-815-2IY Cecil Vincent Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Coogee, NSW, 1934); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937-1954); electrical engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STEWART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stewart|Stewart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart|Stewart, Alexander]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2XF Tumut (1931-1934); 2XF Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950); 2AXF Sydney (Balmain, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 865, 1931, No. ?? in NSW + others depending on identification - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Alexander Barnett Stewart|Stewart, Alexander Barnett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHBR-VND] - 1895(Sct)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4DD Receive Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Oondooroo, Qld, 1919); farmer (Palmwoods, Qld, 1921-1925); orderman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1928); truck driver (Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1936-1937); foreman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Donald Richardson Stewart|Stewart, Donald Richardson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CC-2MT] - 1902(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: V739 Receive Lorne (1922); 3GS Receive Lorne (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Lorne, 1925-1954); guest house proprietor (Lorne, 1967-1968); proprietor (Lorne, 1972-1980)

* [[/H. A. Stewart|Stewart, H. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAM Melbourne (Williamstowm, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Stewart|Stewart, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS7-R71] - 1896(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 234, 1916; 1COCP 318, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous HSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Stewart|Stewart, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DK Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. J. Stewart|Stewart, J. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XER Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Edgar Stewart|Stewart, John Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-3JC] - 1884(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2MR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1923-1929; Hamilton, 1930); 2MR Sydney (Chatswood, 1931); 4MR Brisbane (Nundah, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2MR Waratah (1954-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Commonwealth Electoral Commission (Chief Electoral Officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Arncliffe, 1913); District Returning Officer (Mayfield, 1930); Commonwealth Electoral Officer (Nundah, Qld, 1937-1949); retired (Waratah, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2MR-4MR - John Edgar Stewart&quot;

* [[/William Alfred Stewart|Stewart, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBZ-4XJ] - 1910(WA)-2020(WA)109yo - Licences: 6ST Perth (West Leederville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1958, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balkatta, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1937); salesman (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Leederville, WA, 1949); technician (Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley Park, WA, 1968; Floreat Park, WA, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://gerontology.fandom.com/wiki/William_Stewart Gerontology]

===''STICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stick|Stick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald James Stick|Stick, Reginald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69N-XLN] - 1898(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2BI Lismore (1935-1939); 2AMS Lismore (1950-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1431, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1963)

===''STICKLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stickland|Stickland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis James Stickland|Stickland, John Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJHW-ZKB] - 1885(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJS Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Auburn, Vic, 1909-1931); body builder (Auburn, 1936-1937)

===''STILLMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Harward Stillman|Stillman, Geoffrey Harward]] - 1895(Vic)-1984(WA) - Licences: XJAH Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Brighton, Vic, 1919-1931); engineer (Claremont, WA, 1936-1963); retired (Maylands, WA, 1968-1980)

===''STIPEK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stipek|Stipek, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Stipek|Stipek, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-XL1] - 1898(NSW)-1974(Florida, USA) - Licences: 7BE Receive St Helens (1923); Receive St Helens (1923); 7BE St Helens (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMG telegraph messenger, left PMGD 1920; first to log KGO in Tas - Comment: beware two other John Stipek's concurrently in Tas, 1920s - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (St Helens, 1919); clerk (St Helens, 1922)

===''STIRK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stirk|Stirk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick James Stirk|Stirk, Frederick James &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHR-T2Q] - 1915(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1934); 2ABC Sydney (Maroubra, 1936-1939, 1946-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 847, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 48, 1935; COCP1 1115, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1963); engineer (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''STITFOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitfold|Stitfold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Glen Stitfold|Stitfold, Ronald Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-MK2] - 1907(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6RS Perth (Carlisle, 1939, 1947-1955; Doubleview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2387, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Leonora, WA, 1931); bank official (Armadale, WA, 1936-1937; Carlisle, WA, 1943-1954); bank officer (Doubleview, WA, 1958-1980)

===''STITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitt|Stitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Hugh Reginald Stitt|Stitt, Walter Hugh Reginald &quot;Hughie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBX-L5G] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WH Forbes (1925-1969+); 2ARN Forster (1965-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 196, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2LM Leslie Maclean Wilson - Comment: His father also Walter Hugh Rankin Stitt and lived in same district - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1930); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1931); jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1932); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1934-1963); retired grazier (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''STOBIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stobie|Stobie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Claude Stobie|Stobie, Geoffrey Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY37-92H] - 1915(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3VW Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1934-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1323, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1937-1949)

===''STOCKALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold John Stockall|Stockall, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHN-GKD] - 1906(Eng)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DJ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936; Earlwood, NSW, 1937); motor driver (Eastwood, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Parramatta North, NSW, 1958-1963; North Ryde, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1972; Penrith, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOCKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur James Stocks|Stocks, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZF-B2F] - 1884(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJDI Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919); sales (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1919-1943; Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954)
* [[/Daniel Alan John Stocks|Stocks, Daniel Alan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-R5P] - 1897(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927; Surrey Hills, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 144, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Canterbury, Vic, 1921-1922); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1931)

===''STOCKTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Stockton|Stockton, Norman]] - 1904(WA)-1943(Germany) - 4NQ Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, press correspondent), journalist - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stone|Stone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Charles John Stone|Stone, Kenneth Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-4H4] - 1917(Qld)-2001(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2291, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Redfern, NSW, 1943); radio officer (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1963; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Robert Norman Stone|Stone, Robert Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGC-LPV] - 1918(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1628, 1936, Vic; BOCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''STOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stow|Stow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allen Frederick Stow|Stow, Allen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WR-7GG] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3AS Melbourne (North Carlton,1928-1931; North Fitzroy, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Northcote, 1948-1965); 3AFS Portable Melbourne (Northcote, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 441, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 94, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton North, 1931; Fitzroy North, 1934-1942); technician (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STOWAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stowar|Stowar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Stowar|Stowar, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-D1H] - 1920(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ACX Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Kingsgrove, 1948-1965; Burraneer Bay, 1969); 2AS Sydney (East Lindfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2236, 1938, NSW; AIR3 1587, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1963); superintendent (Cronulla, NSW, 1968); welding (Lindfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Alfred Stowe|Stowe, Harry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBJ-YTW] - 1892(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAS Sydney (Drummoyne, 1911-1914); 2CX Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922-1923); 2CX Sydney (Chatswood, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 19, 1924, No. 9 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, 1930-1958); retired (Frenchs Forest, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;XAS-2CX - Harry Alfred Stowe&quot;

===''STOYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Bickley Stoyle|Stoyle, Jack Bickley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM1Z-JWV] - 1881(India)-1966(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 91, 1915; 1COCP 55, 1930 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920); AWA CRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1917); radio station master (Darwin, 1922; Kilkenny, 1939-1943)

===''STRAFFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Michael Strafford|Strafford, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2K-LBX] - 1900(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5JS Adelaide (Stepney, 1936-1939; City, 1947-1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1710, 1936, SA; BOCP 514, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STRATFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leo Stephen Stratford|Stratford, Leo Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-HRX] - 1915(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4AE Goondiwindi (1936-1939); 4LS Goondiwindi (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1678, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1936-1949); radio dealer (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1954-1958); electrician (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1968); refrigeration mechanic (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1980)

===''STREAMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot; - See Florence Madeline Mackenzie 4YL
===''STREET''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Frederick Street|Street, Reginald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW5S-Z4L] - 1900(Tas)-1927(Tas) - Licences: 7BD Receive Hobart (1923); Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Hobart West, 1922)

===''STREETER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy William Streeter|Streeter, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-PW3] - 1917(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 3AWG Burramunga (1948-1956); 5SK Millicent (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2078, 1938, Vic; BOCP 52, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Colac, Vic, 1943); farmer (Barramunga, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STROHFELDT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt or Strofeldt, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-W9Z] - 1904(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4GS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1041, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: licensed for 5 years after passing - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Roma, 1926); telegraphist (Charleville, 1928-1930); Paddington, Qld, 1936-1937); assistant radio inspector (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943)

===''STROUD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stroud|Stroud, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas James John Stroud|Stroud, Thomas James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6PD-9P5] - 1905(Qld)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AMR Dubbo (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2325, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''STRUTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Arthur Lloyd Strutt|Strutt, George Arthur Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNY8-8MH] - 1893(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XJDX Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Elwood, Vic, 1914-1927); orchardist (Frankston, Vic, 1931); carrier (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); inspector (Blackburn, Vic, 1949); painter (Blackburn, Vic, 1954)

===''STUART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart|Stuart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Stuart|Stuart, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSH-RPC] - 1895(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Hobart, Tas, 1919); telegraphist (Hobart, 1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1928-1942); primary producer (Tarra Valley, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Alphonsus Valentine Stuart|Stuart, Joseph Alphonsus Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-RM8] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OO Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 52, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Albert Park, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1925-1963); retired (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Michael Aloysius Horatio Stuart|Stuart, Michael Aloysius Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-2D9] - 1891(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: 3MH Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1927); 3MH Rockbank (1931-1937); 5MS Adelaide (Rosewater, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 66, 1929; 1COCP 184, 1931; likely CRPT pre 1927 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Navy); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1925-1927); radio telegraphist (Beam Radio Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1937; Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Footscray North, Vic, 1949)

===''STUART-JONES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edward Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Arthur Edward]] - 1912(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1597, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STUBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stubbs|Stubbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Stubbs|Stubbs, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2RB-PL2] - 1896(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ZS Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1933-1934; Epping, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 369, 1918 (Marconi); COCP1 320, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1963)

===''STURDEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vernon Ashton Hobart Sturdee|Sturdee, Vernon Ashton Hobart]] - 1890(Vic)-1966(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, early wireless experimenter (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur radio club (member, WIQ)

===''SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sullivan|Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Patrick Sullivan|Sullivan, James Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-GXP] - 1905(Eng)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JK Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2272, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Rose Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John Sullivan|Sullivan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLGD-VK6] - 1906(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SR Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1925-1926); 3SR Yallourn (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 206, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); engineer (Staff Mess, Yallourn, Vic, 1931; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1936; Oakleigh, Vic, 1937; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Vincent Macleay Sullivan|Sullivan, Vincent Macleay &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTD3-DSV] - 1898(NSW)-1989(SA) - Licences: XAC Smithtown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sapper, Wireless Moore Park, Light Motor Wireless Section, Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Watervale, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SUMSION''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sumsion|Sumsion, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Walter Sumsion|Sumsion, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTM-KPG] - 1918(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1371, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CWS - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1972; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SUNTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Boyd Sunter|Sunter, Horace Boyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-56X] - 1899(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2LM Receive Sydney (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1922); 3BS Melbourne (Toorak, Vic, 1924-1925; St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1926); 2BS Sydney (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1927-1929; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 808, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); electrical instrument fitter (Kirribilli, NSW, 1949); guest house proprietor (Camden, NSW, 1954); retired (Kurmond, NSW, 1968; Springwood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SUTHERLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan James Sutherland|Sutherland, Alan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK6-94L] - 1916(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 5XB Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939, 1947-1948); 3AXB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1954-1965); 3KY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1592, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dunleath, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1977)
* [[/George Bremner Sutherland|Sutherland or Clyne, George Bremner &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVF-KQC] - 1893(Sct)-1981(SA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 295, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (Navy, 1911), journalist (Listening In Column, Perth Western Mail, 1924); late 1920s assistant chief engineer 6WF (to Wally Coxon) - Electoral Rolls: DCA (aeradio operator, from 1941); radio operator (Kalgoorlie, 1949); retired (North Perth, 1958)

===''SUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sutton|Sutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Ernest Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMFM-Z34] - 1882(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (early 1910s); utilised Henry Sutton's experimental licence - Relationships: son of XLM Henry Sutton - Electoral Rolls: music seller (Malvern, 1909-1913; Hawthorn, 1914-1915); engineer (Kew, 1922-1925); traveller (Camberwell, 1927); mechanic (Brunswick, 1928)

* [[/Arthur Fraser Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K23N-VYW] - 1888(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2EM Sydney (Darling Point, 1936-1937; Killara, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1832, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; pre-WW1 (Army, AVAC, 1910-1915); WW1 (Army, 5th Field Artillery, 1915-1919; Captain, Dental Corps) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ashfield, NSW, 1913; Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1936; Killara, NSW, 1937-1958); dental surgeon (St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); dental (St Ives, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Henry Sutton|Sutton, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD19-T7V] - 1855(Vic)-1912(Vic) - Licences: XLM Melbourne (Malvern, 1910-1912) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed from 1890s); numerous inventions, Australia's first wireless telephony experimenter (1906); invented several new types of telephones; early television experiments - Relationships: father of Arthur Ernest Sutton - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sutton-henry-4675 ADB] - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Jnr|Sutton, Joseph William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-HCJ] - 1874(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4CP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4EI Brisbane (City, 1923-1925) (In the name of the State Engineer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIQ, foundation member; QWI); electrical engineer; senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Engineer) - Relationships: son of Joseph William Sutton Snr - Electoral Rolls: electric engineer (Teneriffe, 1903); engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909); assistant (GPO, 1912-1919); electrical engineer (New Farm, 1921-1936); retired (Ascot, 1937)

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Snr|Sutton, Joseph William Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-W6T] - 1844(Eng)-1914(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - club (Royal Society Qld, president) - Relationships: father of Joseph William Sutton Jnr - Links: [[w:Joseph William Sutton|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909)

===''SWABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swaby|Swaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell John Swaby|Swaby, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY3N-SKH] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3DD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1934-1939); 4DA Dalby (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1379, 1934, Vic; COCP1 914, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Dalby, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Dalby, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SWAIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swain|Swain, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Tamsett Swain|Swain, Lionel Tamsett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL1J-TGY] - 1902(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CS Receive Newcastle (Hamilton, 1922); 2CS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1923-1927; Waratah, 1928-1939, 1946-1950; Charlestown, 1954-1961; Bolton Point, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 108, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Withdrawal: when 2CS Coffs Harbour commenced in early 1980s, policy had changed as to withdrawal of similar amateur callsigns - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Waratah, 1930-1954); engineer (Charlestown, 1958-1963); retired (Bolton Point, 1968-1980)

===''SWAINGER''===

* [[/Alfred John Swainger|Swainger, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J4-6QD] - 1920(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3IP Melbourne (Upper Ferntree Gully, 1947-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2224, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1949-1968; Ferntree Gully, 1972); engineer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SWANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swanson|Swanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Wilfred Swanson|Swanson, William Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF2-KMK] - 1909(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AFL Sydney (North Sydney, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1856, 1937, NSW; COCP2 109, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Pilot Station, Newcastle, NSW, 1930; Vaucluse, NSW, 1932-1935); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1937); marine radio officer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949)

===''SWANTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Howell Swanton|Swanton, Cedric Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G62M-Y9M] - 1899(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XOZ Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Kew, Vic, 1922-1928); medical practitioner (Merrylands, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1937-1949; Double Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''SWEENEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Moss Sweeney|Sweeney, Walter Moss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNZ7-YRD] - 1887(Eng)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3WS Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1924-1925; Elwood, 1925-1931; St Kilda, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 204, 1916 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Subiaco, 1916-1917); no occupation (Melbourne, 1919); wireless engineer (East Melbourne, 1921-1924); engineer (Elsternwick, 1925-1928); director (St Kilda, 1931-1963)

===''SWINBURNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Charles Richard Swinburne|Swinburne, Frank Charles Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDML-S1J] - 1901(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922-1923); 2AT Sydney (Manly, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 557, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1937; North Sydney, 1943))
===''SWINDELLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swindells|Swindells, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Willie Swindells|Swindells, Willie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L812-BTK] - 1890(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Richmond, Vic, 1913-1914; Parkdale, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Geelong, 1927; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1934)

===''SYDOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydow|Sydow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Frederick Sydow|Sydow, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2G9-B92] - 1912(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1932-1939); 3JX Hamilton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 974, 1932, Vic; BOCP 418, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''SYDSERFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydserff|Sydserff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harold Buchan Sydserff|Sydserff, William Harold Buchan &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNN-XS9] - 1907(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3XL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1931-1939; Burwood, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 808, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937); salesman (Burwood, Vic, 1942; Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968)

===''SYKES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sykes|Sykes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Sykes|Sykes, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT64-LFS] - 1886(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAQ Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Balgowlah, NSW, 1949)

===''SYMONDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Joseph Leo Symonds|Symonds, Nathaniel Joseph Leo &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ3-3QH] - 1908(WA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 6LS Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1925-1930; Bicton, 1947-1948); 6LX Perth (Kalamunda, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 207, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Cottesloe, 1931-1943); radio operator (Fremantle, 1949-1954); radio technician (Kalamunda, 1958-1980)

===''SYMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Symons|Symons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Lindsay Gordon Symons|Symons, John Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZ5-Q42] - 1913(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3JT Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939; East Hawthorn, 1946-1947; Burwood, 1948; South Melbourne, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 662, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); hotelkeeper (Malvern, Vic, 1954); engineer (Syndal, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Sydney George Symons|Symons, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WGW] - 1915(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4SY Townsville (1938-1939, 1948-1960); 4SY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2201, 191938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (Clayfield, Qld, 1963-1980)

=='''T'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''TACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tacey|Tacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Wheeler Tacey|Tacey, Douglas Wheeler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNB-8H7] - 1905(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 3DW Shepparton (1931-1939, 1948); 3DW Lilydale (1954); 5DW Adelaide (Frewville, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 841, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Castlemaine, Vic, 1926); cinematic operator (Shepparton, Vic, 1931); sound projectionist (Shepparton, Vic, 1934-1937); RAAF Instructor (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); manager (Woodend Theatre, Woodend, Vic, 1949); manager (Lilydale, Vic, 1954)

===''TALLENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tallent|Tallent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Daniel Tallent|Tallent, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9W-S23] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3TT Dean (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1952, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Dean, Vic, 1935-1980)

===''TANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tandy|Tandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Tandy|Tandy, Ronald &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-B29] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Colac (1931-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 816, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Colac, Vic, 1933-1968)

* [[/Roy Percival Tandy|Tandy, Roy Percival or Percival Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7J-54J] - 1908(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2220, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical mechanic (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Darling, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''TANNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tanner|Tanner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Sidney Charles Tanner|Tanner, Leslie Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L55H-KF4] - 1915(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2ABL Sydney (Canley Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1963, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/William Edward Tanner|Tanner, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Q3-FQS] - 1909(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7TE Launceston (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2380, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless dealer (Launceston, Tas, 1936-1937); RAN (Naval Depot, Hobart, Tas, 1943); mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1949); radio mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

===''TAPLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taplin|Taplin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. F. Taplin|Taplin, H. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2545 Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TAPP''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Ernest Tapp|Tapp, Charles Ernest or Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-BXV] - 1894(NSW)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 82, 1915 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: OIC Wireless Station (Thursday Island, Qld, 1915; South Yarra, Vic, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1942); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

===''TAPPER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Robert Tapper|Tapper, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZX-4T6] - 1910(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1929-1939); 6RJ Onslow (1946-1947); 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1948-1960); 2AO Wagga Wagga (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 538, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 1COCP 218, 1931; TVOCP 324, 1961 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Claremont, 1931-1943); operator (Claremont, 1949-1963); radio inspector (Wagga Wagga, 1968-1980)

===''TARBOTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Augustus Tarbotton|Tarbotton, Harry Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-87K] - 1902(Eng)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6HT Albany (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1672, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Albany, WA, 1925-1931); motor mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936-1954); radio service (Albany, WA, 1958)

===''TARLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred William Tarling|Tarling, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVH9-4RZ] - 1900(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Townsville (1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; (likely qualification ca 1920, British Merchant Navy; 1COCP 679, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coolbie, Ingham, Qld, 1930); wireless operator (Pimlico, Qld, 1931-1932); labourer (West End, Qld, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''TARRANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tarrant|Tarrant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Albert Tarrant|Tarrant, Ernest Albert Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8SB-Z68] - 1898(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Receive Narrabri (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Eulah Creek, 1930; Narrabri, 1943)

* [[/Horace Joseph Tarrant|Tarrant, Horace Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW3-T6Q] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 2AFH Sydney (Richmond, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1838, 1936, NSW; COCP2 132, 1937; COCP1 260, 1939; AIR1 3, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, NSW, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1943-1967; Balaclava, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Francis Tarrant|Tarrant, William Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5M-6JT] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2UF Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1054, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (Newcastle, 1930-1949)

===''TATHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Edward Tatham|Tatham, Sydney Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQT-52W] - 1896(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 2ST Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925; City, 1926-1928; Darling Point, 1929-1933; City, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 33, 1915; 1COCP 406, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (editor, Sea, Land and Air, 1922); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: instructor (St Kilda, 1919; South Yarra, 1919); merchant (Darling Point, 1930-1933; City, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, 1954); director (Balwyn, 1958-1972)
===''TAYLOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taylor|Taylor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Taylor|Taylor, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX56-JGX] - 1910(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AT Port Pirie (1934-1937); 5AT Adelaide (Solomontown, 1938-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1276, 1934, SA; BOCP 286, 1940; TVOCP 461, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marleston, SA, 1941; Edwardstown, SA, 1943)

* [[/Alexander Francis Taylor|Taylor, Alexander Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYMQ-GLC] - 1917(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1934-1939); 3AT Shepparton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1245, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); medical practitioner (Shepparton, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/B. A. Taylor|Taylor, B. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DF Receive Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Taylor|Taylor, Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XOU Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Melbourne, Vic, 1914)

* [[/Charles Farrow Taylor|Taylor, Charles Farrow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JT-K3L] - 1888(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 3ZD Melbourne (Kew, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AFC) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Heidelberg, Vic, 1922); electrical contractor (Kew, Vic, 1922-1924); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1937; Unley, SA, 1943) 

* [[/Donald Gordon Taylor|Taylor, Donald Gordon &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-N31] - 1907(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Forestville, 1923-1924); 5DX Adelaide (Forestville, 1926-1937; Black Forest, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 307, 1926, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 25, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: another DGT served in WW2 &amp; died on active service 1943 in NT - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Goodwood, 1939; Black Forest, 1941-1943) - Trovetag: &quot;5DX - Donald Gordon Taylor&quot;

* [[/Florence Mary Parsons|Taylor nee Parsons, Florence Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZX2-FZB] - 1879(Eng)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - publisher - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Sydney, 1936); journalist (Vaucluse, 1954); editor (Darlinghurst, 1958; Potts Point, 1963) - Relationships: wife of George Augustine Taylor - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-florence-mary-8754 ADB]

* [[/G. U. H. Taylor|Taylor, G. U. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Augustine Taylor|Taylor, George Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-JG7] - 1872(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Nil (always operated under military or other amateur licences) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; founder WIA NSW; founder Association for Development of Wireless in Australasia - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-george-augustine-8756 ADB]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/taylor-george-augustine-8756 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Harold Edward Taylor|Taylor, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP3-NMD] - 1896(Vic)-1918(Vic) - Licences: XJCZ Melbourne (Camberwell South, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Arthur Taylor|Taylor, Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF77-443] - 1907(Eng)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AT Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1042, 1932, WA; AOLCP 216, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1934); radio engineer (6KG, Parkeston, WA, 1937-1943; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1963); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Edward Jack Taylor|Taylor, Herbert Edward Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52W-53Q] - 1913(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Monteagle (1934); 2TC Monteagle (1935-1939, 1946-1955); 2TC Bundanoon (1956-1961); 2TC Sydney (Cronulla, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1459, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2TM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2TM Tamworth commercial service - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Monteagle, NSW, 1936-1954; Bundanoon, NSW, 1958); self employed (Gymea, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Cronulla, NSW, 1972); retired (Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Herbert James Taylor|Taylor, Herbert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNP1-WPP] - 1888(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XPO Warracknabeal (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: ledgerkeeper (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1914-1917); clerk (Camperdown, Vic, 1919); bookkeeper (Bendigo, Vic, 1921; Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1927); shopkeeper (Carlton, Vic, 1928); bookkeeper (Toorak, Vic, 1931); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); caretaker (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Leslie Harry Taylor|Taylor, Leslie Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-CD4] - 1898(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1723, 1936, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)   - Electoral Rolls: manager (Leichhardt, 1930-1933; Ashfield, 1935-1968); retired (Ashfield, 1977)

* [[/Norman Stanley Taylor|Taylor, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L66R-XLB] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Sct) - Licences: 3PX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931); 2BC Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1936; McMahons Point, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 469, 1919; COCP2, 275, 1939  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Comment: Another NST passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Milsons Point, NSW, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034201 AWM]; [https://www.cwgc.org/umbraco/surface/Pdf/WarDeadCertificate/?id=2964901 CWGC]; [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/36827.html Uboats]; [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/la-estancia.html Aus Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Thomas Taylor|Taylor, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2J-ZXD] - 1913(Vic)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6TT Perth (Rossmoyne, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1584, 1935, Vic; COCP3 919, 1950; COCP1 1599, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous WTTs - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Fremantle, WA, 1949; Spearwood, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1968); engineer (Riverton, WA, 1972); retired (Balga, WA, 1977)

===''TEECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Teece|Teece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Auburn Selwyn Teece|Teece, Cecil Auburn Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z37-JSS] - 1885(NSW)-1970(ACT) - Licences: V733 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GO Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 2AWM Canberra (Reid, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, 1909); examiner (Kew, 1910); civil servant (Kew, 1912; Hawthorn, 1914-1917); examiner of patents (Box Hill, 1919); civil servant (Toorak, 1922; Sandringham, 1924; St Kilda, 1928; East Melbourne, 1931; Reid, ACT, 1935-1937; Barton, 1943); public servant (Barton, 1949-1954); retired (Braddon, 1958-1968)

===''TEMBY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Temby|Temby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Kevin Temby|Temby, Francis Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-N7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3WR Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1871, 1937, Vic; BOCP 114, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963; Camberwell North, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Harold Moyle Temby|Temby, Harold Moyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCF-35M] - 1914(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2ZJ Broken Hill (1934-1939, 1947-1956); 5ZJ Adelaide (Brighton, 1960-1965; Hove, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1334, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1954)

===''TEMPLEMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeman|Templeman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Joseph Templeman|Templeman, George Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR73-RR6] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AFV Barmedman (1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1839, 1936, NSW; COCP2 268, 1939; COCP1 628, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Barmedman, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''TEMPLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeton|Templeton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Lander Templeton|Templeton, Gordon Lander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-VLH] - 1909(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3OW Coleraine (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 631, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Tahara Bridge, 1931-1937) - Relationships: Cousin of 3HG Neil Murray Templeton - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neil Murray Templeton|Templeton, Neil Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6SD-RDT] - 1911(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3HG Coleraine (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 632, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1934-1937); RAAF (Canterbury, 1943); grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1949-1963) - Relationships: Cousin of 3OW Gordon Lander Templeton

===''TERNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ternes|Ternes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry McDonald Ternes|Ternes, Henry McDonald &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L169-WP1] - 1910(Vic)-1940(PNG) - Licences: 3AV Melbourne (Carnegie, 1932-1933; Oakleigh, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 975, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Accidentally killed, apparently not on active service [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206829903] - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Oakleigh, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''THACKERAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thackeray|Thackeray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Makepeace Thackeray|Thackeray, Alan Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXQ-K1M] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2TA Young (1933-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1387, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Young, NSW, 1934-1968)

===''THEEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth Milton Theel|Theel, Kenneth Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD1Z-1Z9] - 1908(SA)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5CT Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5QP Adelaide (St Peters, 1927-1933; Clarence Park, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 322, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ledger keeper (Reade Park Gardens, SA, 1941-1943)

===''THOMAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomas|Thomas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. P. Thomas|Thomas, C. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YN Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1924; Annandale, 1924; Granville, 1924-1925); 4CP Willis Island (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Eric Thomas|Thomas, David Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8BC-N2Z] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ZL Ballarat East (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 890, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cleaner (Ballarat East, Vic, 1931-1936); railway employee (Ballarat East, Vic, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Sylvanus Thomas|Thomas, George Sylvanus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5QL-ZYS] - 1893(NSW)-1983(???) - Licences: XGV Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954-1958; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); fitter (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Kirk Raleigh Thomas|Thomas, Henry Kirk Raleigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-8LL] - 1902(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HT Sydney (Mosman, 1924; Neutral Bay, 1925-1933; Cremorne, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1, 1924, No. 1 in NSW and Australia - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948); broadcast engineer (2GB, assistant engineer, 1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1934; Mosman, NSW, 1934-1937); soldier (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Meadowbank, NSW, 1958; Ryde, NSW, 1968); engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1972); retired (Newrybar, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Thomas|Thomas, Herbert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DY Perth (CBD, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, salesman (Harris Scarfe, 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous HTs

* [[/Ivor Thomas|Thomas, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-Q3G] - 1897(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5IT Adelaide (Mitcham, 1929-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 496, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Kingswood Park, 1939-1943)

* [[/Josiah Thomas|Thomas, Josiah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSY-Y24] - 1863(Eng)-1933(NSW) - establishment radio station (2CH), state politician (NSW, MLA, 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR, Postmaster-General 1908-1909, 1910-1911) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/L. H. Thomas|Thomas, L. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DM Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Roland Henry Thomas|Thomas, Roland Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-7Z4] - 1911(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4LR Brisbane (Bulimba, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1058, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bulimba, 1934); radio technician (Bulimba, Qld, 1937-1972); proprietor (Manly West, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Roy Valentine Thomas|Thomas, Roy Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6H-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (Erskinville, 1925); 2RV Sydney (Bondi North, 1927-1930); 2TK Sydney (South Hurstville, 1947-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 62, 19??, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (North Bondi, NSW, 1930); no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1933); radio dealer (Bankstown, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''THOMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thompson|Thompson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil Thompson|Thompson, Alfred Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ1-VSP] - 1906(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AGV Sydney (Auburn, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1903, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Frederick Thompson|Thompson, Frederick]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HF Receive Sydney (East Balmain, 1922-1923); 2HF Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 47, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: several contemporaneous F. Thompson - TroveTag: &quot;2HF - Frederick Thompson&quot;

* [[/G. F. Thompson|Thompson, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TH Melbourne (Carnegie, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey George Thompson|Thompson, Geoffrey George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SP-DDD] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3GT Melbourne (Thornbury, 1928; Melbourne CBD, 1931; Thornbury, 1933-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 388, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Thornbury, Vic, 1934-1937; North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); cameraman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Thompson|Thompson, Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ59-621] - 1899(Vic)-1984(Aus) - Licences: XJBU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914); 3BW Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1937); electrician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Jefferis Thompson|Thompson, Jefferis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJY-VZG] - 1901(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XP Wyong (1933-1937); 2XP Sydney (Guildford, 1938); 2XP Lismore (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 694, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wyong Creek, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Epping, NSW, 1943); sawmiller (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1949); share farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1954-1958); farmer (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1963); retired (Natural Bridge, Qld, 1968)

* [[/John Kitchener Thompson|Thompson, John Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-2VH] - 1916(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Yarraville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2133, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3YM Sydney Arthur Thompson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Seaholme, Vic, 1942-1949); toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/John William Thompson|Thompson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWK-YD4] - 1918(WA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1939, 1948-1950; Dulwich Hill, 1954-1955; Stanmore, 1956-1957; Earlwood, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2323, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWTs - Electoral Rolls: company representative (Earlwood, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Neville Weston Fane Thompson|Thompson or Fane-Thompson, Leonard Neville Weston Fane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJKN-FJV] - 1899(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LT Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1933; Carrum, 1937-1939; Bonbeach, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 762, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Batallion Reinf, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clerk at time of enlistment, 1918; railway employee (Glenferrie, 1925; Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1934; Carrum, 1936-1954)

* [[/Maxwell Mannering Thompson|Thompson, Maxwell Mannering]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB43-7XL] - 1917(Vic)-2010(USA)93yo - Licences: 3VT Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3OO Melbourne (Parkdale, 1969-1975; Mt Eliza, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 272, 1935; AOCP 1922, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Ralph Noel Thompson|Thompson, Ralph Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-14T] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (East Brunswick, Vic, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1153, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carlton, Vic, 1942; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980) 

* [[/Ronald Roy Thompson|Thompson, Ronald Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY41-LJ4] - 1915(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1935-1937); 3UF Tatura (1938-1939); 3UF Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1550, 1935, Vic; COCP2 137, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Preston, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Stanley Gordon Thompson|Thompson, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLZ-S21] - 1906(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (North Brighton, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: expert (Brighton, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936); sales (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Thompson|Thompson, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2S-R6L] - 1913(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3YM Melbourne (Yarraville, 1936-1939; Glenroy, 1947-1954; West Essendon, 1955-1960; Essendon, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1776, 1936, Vic; COCP2 359, 1940; COCP1 448, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lilydale, Vic, 1935-1937); faller (Healesville, Vic, 1949); electrical fitter (Essendon North, Vic, 1954); foreman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''THOMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomson|Thomson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Thomson|Thomson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZND-ZPF] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Sunshine (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 145, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AWTs - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1931; Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1980)

* [[/Gordon Leonard Thomson|Thomson, Gordon Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG83-718] - 1904(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GT Sydney (Waverley, 1924-1926); 2AVT Sydney (Hurstville, 1969, 1980); operator of 2BV Waverley Radio Club - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3, 1924, No. 2 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Citizen's Military Forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1980) - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/home/waverley-amateur-radio-society-home-page/club-history/ WARC]

* [[/Henry Chatham Thomson|Thomson, Henry Chatham &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7DZ-6CN] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZE Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1462, 1935, Vic; AOCP1 10, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''THORBURN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVJ-9MS] - 1915(NSW)-1982(Eng) - Licences: 2AIP Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2017, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1949); radio tradesman (Hurstville, NSW, 1958)

===''THORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorley|Thorley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Thorley|Thorley, Roy &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-8GW] - 1912(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4RT Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1937; Annerley, 1938-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, president); business proprietor (mechanical engineering) - Comment: killed in automobile accident - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); engineer (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1963); contractor (Charters Towers, Qld, 1963)

===''THORNCROFT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorncroft|Thorncroft, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. Thorncroft|Thorncroft, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABM Sydney (Rookwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''THORNHILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornhill|Thornhill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Royal Thornhill|Thornhill, Leslie Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-YPB] - 1909(Qld)-1949?(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2341, 1939, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ayr, Qld, 1930-1936; Bundaberg, Qld, 1937); telegraphist (Wynnum, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/804492 VWM]

===''THORNLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornley|Thornley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Peter Edmund Thornley|Thornley, Peter Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP3-G4L] - 1920(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PE Camperdown (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1845, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1963; Chadstone, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''THORNTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornton|Thornton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey William Thornton|Thornton, Geoffrey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G94S-VKR] - 1917(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IP Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Avalon Beach, 1954; Cammeray, 1955-1975; Avalon Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1511, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous GWT - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cammeray, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Cammeray, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''THORPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorpe|Thorpe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Graham Thorpe|Thorpe, Thomas Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT97-XQP] - 1916(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AMC Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2QT Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1950; Castlecrag, 1954-1955; Mascot, 1956-1957); 2QT Mittagong (1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2264, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1937); dental surgeon (Mosman, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954; Mittagong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''THRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis William Thring|Thring, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XFG-ZY6] - 1882(NSW)-1936(Vic) - Film producer; founder 3XY Melbourne - Links: [[w:F. W. Thring|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/thring-francis-william-frank-19779 Obituaries Australia]

===''THROSSELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lancelot Ledsam Throssell|Throssell or Throssel, Lancelot Ledsam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHFL-59C] - 1902(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6LT Northam (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 248, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Northam, 1925-1931); civil servant (Northam, 1936-1937); clerk (Bruce Rock, 1943); bank officer (Kojonup, 1954; Innaloo, 1963-1972); retired (Osborne Park, 1980)

===''THUGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thuge|Thuge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Thuge|Thuge, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-F55] - 1917(Qld)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4NC Gladstone (1936-1937); 4NO Gladstone (1938-1939); 4NO Brisbane (Hendra, 1947); 2ANO Sydney (Stanmore, 1948-1950; Arncliffe, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1622, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Petersham, NSW, 1949; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1972)

===''THURSTAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thurstan|Thurstan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wyngate Thurstan|Thurstan, Arthur Wyngate]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVFV-XSS] - 1907(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AV Sydney (Penshurst, 1924-1929; Sandringham, 1930; Penshurst, 1931; West Kogarah, 1933-1934; Penshurst, 1935-1939; Beverley Hills, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 38, 1924, No ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); chief chemist (Lempriere &amp; Co) - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930; Penshurst, NSW, 1932; West Kogarah, NSW, 1933; Penshurst, NSW, 1935); metallurgist (Peakhurst, NSW, 1936-1972)

===''THYNNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thynne|Thynne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Joseph Thynne|Thynne, Andrew Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3H-T8K] - 1847(Irl)-1927(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1867, eventually Lieutenant-Colonel), profession (solicitor, Qld, 1873-1882), state politician (Qld MLC, Minister for Justice and Attorney General; Qld Postmaster-General, 1894-1897)

===''TIBBETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tibbett|Tibbett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Stephen Tibbett|Tibbett, Ernest Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQP-414] - 1915(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AEB Sydney (Waitara, 1936-1938); 2AEB Gunnedah (1947-1950); 2BCE Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1751, 1936, NSW; BOCP 248, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dairy hand (Canonbury Grove, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Waitara, NSW, 1937; Gunnedah, NSW, 1943-1953; Tamworth, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''TIERNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tierney|Tierney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent Edward Buckley Tierney|Tierney, Vincent Edward Buckley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZJ-GZK] - 1905(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AIT Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AVT Sydney (Guildford, 1948-1950; Edgecliff, 1954; Double Bay, 1955; Edgecliff, 1956-1958); 2OX Sydney (Edgecliff, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2018, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Edgecliff, NSW, 1935-1937); electrician (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949; Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972); retired (Kings Cross, NSW, 1977)

===''TILBROOK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clem David Lloyd Tilbrook|Tilbrook, Clem David Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-4PQ] - 1912(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5GL Adelaide (Brighton, 1933-1937; Camden, 1938-1939; Colonel Light Gardens, 1947-1965; Daw Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1210, 1933, SA; 2COCP 381, 1940; 1COCP 468, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camden, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Stewart Tiley|Tiley, Clement Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX94-584] - 1893(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XCT Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1937); school master (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954); educational (Mosman, NSW, 1958); teacher (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiller|Tiller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Eric Roy Tiller|Tiller, Walter Eric Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FZ-BXV] - 1893(NSW)-1945(SA) - Licences: 6CO Receive Perth (East Guildford, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mullewa, WA, 1916-1921); teacher (Exeter, SA, 1939-1941)

===''TILLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tillett|Tillett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Tillett|Tillett, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-J5K] - 1908(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 717, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (South Como, WA, 1931-1937); artist (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); departmental manager (South Perth, WA, 1958-1963)

===''TILNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tilney|Tilney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Edward Tilney|Tilney, Leslie Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPDS-4PK] - 1870(NSW)-1937(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 13, 1914 - early wireless experimenter (army); coastal wireless officer; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Applecross, WA, 1916-1917); soldier (Claremont, WA, 1917); commissioner (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1931); civil servant (Malvern, Vic, 1933-1936) - TroveTag: &quot;Leslie Edward Tilney&quot; (400+ tags) - Links: [https://www.anzac-biographies.com/2021/06/05/tilney-lieutenant-colonel-leslie-edward-dso-mid-vd/ Bio]

===''TILSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Howard Tilse|Tilse, Arthur Howarde &quot;Howard&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTK5-CS8] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4WO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939; South Brisbane, 1946-1948; Yeronga, 1954-1970) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 725, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 155, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Army Signals, RAAF); art dealer - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Yeronga, 1934-1937); RAAF wireless operator (West End, Townsville, 1943); radio operator (South Brisbane, 1949); art dealer (Yeronga, 1954-1972)
===''TIMMINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Timmins|Timmins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Timmins|Timmins, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-V4G] - 19??(???)-Living - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcast engineer (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA), senior federal public servant (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA) - Electoral Rolls: student (Yeronga, Qld, 1958); professional engineer (The Gap, Qld, 1968); engineer (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1972; Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Timmins|Timmins, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWM-CC9] - 1908(Qld)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKZ Sydney (Drummoyne, 1939); 2APY Stokers Siding (1954); 2APY Sydney (Lane Cove, 1955-1975; Gordon, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 11, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous FJT b.1888, d.1957 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1934); wireless operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1949); storekeeper (Stokers Siding, NSW, 1954; Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Gordon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TINKLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Tinkler|Tinkler, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF88-4GR] - 1915(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3ZV Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+); 3AZV Mobile Melbourne (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2019, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 960, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937); air force (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); manufacturer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949); engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TIPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Charles Tipping|Tipping, Edward Charles]] - 19??(???)-1968(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (WIQ, member, 1912), federal public servant (PMGD, clerk/accountant), military (Captain, Royal Engineers)
===''TIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiver|Tiver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. G. Tiver|Tiver, R. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Tanunda (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TOAKLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Toakley|Toakley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Tom Trippier Toakley|Toakley, Tom Trippier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW7-3DC] - 1896(Eng)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 2AFO Katoomba (1936-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1837, 1936, NSW; BOCP 530, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 5/56th Battalion, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''TODD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Todd|Todd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Hugh Todd|Todd, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-7SG] - 1919(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4HT Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937; Newmarket, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Red Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1639, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1954-1977) 

* [[/Charles Todd|Todd, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3X-PJ6] - 1826(Eng)-1910(SA) - senior state public servant (Government Electrician, Postmaster-General SA) - Links: [[w:Charles Todd (pioneer)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/todd-sir-charles-4727 ADB]

* [[/Lionel Victor Glen Todd|Todd, Lionel Victor Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5CG-Z68] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2CR Tamworth (1922-1935); 2LS Tamworth (1936-1938); 2LS Sydney (Denistone, 1939; West Ryde, 1957-1965; Denistone, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 132, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 282, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CR callsign withdrawn by PMG in 1935 for 2CR Orange (Blayney) ABC - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (West Tamworth, 1932-1937); assistant radio inspector (Eastwood, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2CR-2LS - Lionel Victor Glen Todd&quot;

* [[/Milton Buchanan Todd|Todd, Milton Buchanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-NQT] - 1892(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 63, 1915; 1COCP 81, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Thursday Island, 1916); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1930-1935); officer (Lewisham, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1937; Croydon, NSW, 1943; Townsville, 1949); senior radio officer (Townsville, 1954); radio officer (Kensington, NSW, 1958); retired (Blaxland, 1958)

* [[/Tom Arthur Todd|Todd, Tom Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD9C-7P5] - 1906(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2OT Receive Sydney (Eastwood, 1923); 2TT Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 984, 1928; 2COCP 50, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, 1930-1937); radio mechanic (Eastwood, 1943-1977)

===''TOMKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tomkins|Tomkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Sheppard Tomkins|Tomkins, Norman Sheppard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXZ-2LR] - 1907(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2NT Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1936; Northmead, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 435, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Redfern, NSW, 1932-1933; Parramatta, NSW, 1934-1935; Northmead, NSW, 1936-1949); police sergeant (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''TONGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Edward Tonge|Tonge, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-MNM] - 1895(Eng)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AR Brisbane (Taringa, 1933; Indooroopilly, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1149, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 54, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darra, 1931; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937); mechanic (Milton, 1943-1949); process worker (Indooroopilly, 1954)

===''TONGS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Melville Tongs|Tongs, Lawrence or Laurence Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9L-Y7N] - 1899(Tas)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 7BU Receive North Motton (1923); Receive North Motton (1923); 2ADB Finley (1937-1939); 7LT Devonport (1960-1969); 3ALV Melbourne (Parkville, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 687, 1922; 2COCP 421, 1941 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Finley, 1930-1935); radio dealer (1936-1949); farmer (Dandenong, 1954); radio technician (Devonport, 1972); retired (Parkville, 1977-1980)

===''TONKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Maxwell Tonkin|Tonkin, Arthur Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLL6-HT9] - 1915(WA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 6MZ Katanning (1935-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Salisbury, 1948); 5TI Clare (1975); 5MZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1525, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937) 

* [[/Stanley Gordon Tonkin|Tonkin, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DQ-2R1] - 1910(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2SG Albury (1929-1931); 2SG Sydney (Double Bay, 1933; Waverley, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, 1937); 2SG Goonellabah (1938-1939); 2SG Sydney (Epping, 1946-1955); 5SG Adelaide (Hampstead Gardens, 1956; Manningham, 1969; Glenunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 520, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 57, 1931; 2COCP 391, 1940; 1COCP 493, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Woolwich, 1932); engineer (Edgecliff, 1933); mechanic (Waverley, 1934); radio engineer (Newtown, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936; Goonellabah, 1937; Eastwood, 1943); radio technician (West Epping, 1949-1954)

===''TOPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Albert Topping|Topping, Francis Albert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJGB-HNS] - 1888(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XJAU Melbourne (Croxton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Wireless Signal School; 8th Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: coachmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1909); motor bodymaker (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1919; Preston, Vic, 1921-1968); motor builder (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C295830 AWM]

===''TORMEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tormey|Tormey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Tormey|Tormey, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-85X] - 1902(NSW)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 2ET Canberra (City, 1930-1934; Ainslie, 1935-1939, 1946-1955); 1ET Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 687, 1930, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Braddon, 1928-1930; Ainslie, 1935); bus driver (Ainslie, 1937); car driver (Ainslie, 1943-1980)

===''TORRINGTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Torrington|Torrington, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roger Noel Torrington|Torrington, Roger Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5B3-HQ2] - 1917(NSW)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Waverley, 1935-1936; Bondi, 1937-1939); 3TJ Melbourne (West Preston, 1947; Pascoe Vale South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1416, 1935, NSW; COCP2 185, 1938; COCP1 232, 1939; TVOCP 79, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon, Vic, 1942); technician (Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TOWNS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Towns|Towns, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Towns|Towns, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M754-H1R] - 1886(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 7, 1914 - ship wireless operator?; AWA employee; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1915-1917, discharged medically unfit - TB; 8th Division Signallers, Sergeant, 1915) - Comment: wireless operator AWA, 1915 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milsons Point, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Paddington, NSW, 1930); retired (Warringah, NSW, 1933)

===''TOWNSEND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Townsend|Townsend, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hewitt Jack Townsend|Townsend, Hewitt Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBMN-ZZ5] - 1920(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5HT Adelaide (Mile End, 1938-1939, 1947; North Glenelg, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2245, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mile End, SA, 1943)

===''TOZER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tozer|Tozer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Paul Joseph Tozer|Tozer, Paul Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-MDM] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3PN Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933; Elwood, 1937-1939); 3APT Melbourne (Tyabb , 1954-1955); 3AAQ Melbourne (Camberwell, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1156, 1933, Vic; COCP2 205, 1939; COCP1 370, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Melbourne, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937-1942); fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1949); orchardist (Tyabb, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963); postmaster (Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Henley Tozer|Tozer, Robert Henley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKM-CJ2] - 1909(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RT Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1931-1933; Alphington, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 749, 1931, Vic; BOCP 406, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield East,  Vic, 1931-1934); electrician (Alphington, Vic, 1936-1954); audiometerist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TRAEGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traeger|Traeger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Hermann Traeger|Traeger, Alfred Hermann or Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNJ-LRP] - 1895(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AX Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1926-1931; Corryton, 1933-1937; Marratville, 1938-1939); 8XT Portable Northern Territory (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 293, 1926, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; inventor (with 5BG) of the pedal wireless for the RFDS - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, 1930-1932); wireless engineer (Leabrook, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/traeger-alfred-hermann-8839 ADB]

===''TRAILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traill|Traill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland John Traill|Traill, Rowland John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2L3-Y4X] - 1909(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2XQ Quirindi (1933); 2XQ Maitland West (1934); 2XQ Walgett (1935); 2XQ Catherine Hill Bay (1936); 2XQ West Maitland (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2XQ Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1954-1965; Hamilton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1167, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Catherine Hill Bay, NSW, 1930-1943; West Maitland, NSW, 1949; Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendent (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''TRAYNOR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Philip Byron Traynor|Traynor, Philip Byron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-LCT] - 1900(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 224, 1925, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 353, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mile End, 1939); federal public servant (Glandore, 1941); inspector (Torrens Park, 1943)

===''TREBILCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric William Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Eric William]] - 1911(???)-1989(SA) - BERS195 (1933+), amateur listener

* [[/Richard Ernest Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Richard Ernest &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2NP-123] - 1880(Vic)-1976(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3TL Kerang (1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1381, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Captain, Military Cross, 1916-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Leopold, Vic, 1905; Kerang, Vic, 1909-1972) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10681660 AWM]; [https://gnet.tgc.vic.edu.au/wiki/TREBILCOCK-Richard-Ernest-MC-1880-1976.ashx Geelong College]; [https://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-38/t1-g-t3.html SLV]

===''TREDREA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Aloysius Trevithick Tredrea|Tredrea, Frederick Aloysius Trevithick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MC1W-M7C] - 1900(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6FT Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1929-1931; South Perth, 1933); 6FT Northam (1937); 6FT Perth (South Perth, 1938-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 512, 1929, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 156, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, 1925); radio operator (Northam, 1936); broadcast engineer (South Perth, 1937-1958)

===''TREGEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregear|Tregear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Tregear|Tregear, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8R-D9F] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XNH Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914); 3TR Melbourne (Hawthorn 1927); 3TX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1931-1938); 2TS Sydney (Artarmon, 1939); 3TX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Ashburton, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 62, 1935 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3TR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3TR Traralgon commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kensington, Vic, 1917-1922; Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); civil servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''TREGURTHA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Clinton Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Frank Clinton or Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G527-SRR] - 1911(Qld)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Sydney (Carlton, 1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; Kirribilli, 1938; Kogarah Bay, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 24, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RN &amp; RAN, Warrant Telegraphist, 1929-1949) - Electoral Rolls: Naval officer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C251801 AWM Autobiography]

===''TREHARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treharne|Treharne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne|Treharne, Elgar Dennis Llewellyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-X9R] - 1914(NSW)-1997(SA) - Licences: 2AFQ Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 3AFQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1947); 5ED Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1956; St Peters, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1852, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2BM-5QT Herbert Fredrind Treharne and brother of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/Herbert Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Herbert Fredrind &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F8-6ZN] - 1883(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 2BM Sydney (Burwood, 1947-1958); 5QT Adelaide (St Peters, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 140, 1947, NSW, age 60) - amateur operator - Relationships: Father of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne and 2AFQ-3AFQ-5ED Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1954); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2BM-5QT - Herbert Fredrind Treharne&quot;

* [[/Ross Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Ross Fredrind]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-DJD] - 1919(NSW)-1982(SA) - Licences: 2IQ Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1947); 5IQ Adelaide (Plympton, 1954-1955; Clearview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1513, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of Fred 2BM/5QT and brother of Elgar 2AFQ/5?? - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1943)

===''TRELIVING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Benjamin Victor Treliving|Treliving, Dudley Benjamin Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2D7-B6C] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923); 6DT Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 992, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Cottesloe, WA, 1936-1937); engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943)

===''TRELOAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treloar|Treloar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Treloar|Treloar, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMJ-379] - 1906(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JT Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1933; Melville, 1937; Beaconsfield, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 790, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1943); tally clerk (Bicton, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Herbert Ross Treloar|Treloar, William Herbert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-GHC] - 1922(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3ABC Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1947-1956); 2BPZ Sydney (Woollahra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2421, 1939, Vic; COCP1 433, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (The Righi, Vic, 1949-1954); flight service officer (Dover Heights, NSW, 1963); communications officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''TRESIDDER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Laurence Tresidder|Tresidder, William Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PT-SQ7] - 1904(WA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Bendigo (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Bendigo, 1927-1942); radio (Kangaroo Flat, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Bendigo, 1963-1980)

===''TREW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trew|Trew, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Stanley Trew|Trew, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCB6-GW4] - 1902(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6RS Harvey (1933-1937); 6RS Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1938-1939); 6RP Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1189, 1933, WA; 2COCP 382, 1940; 1COCP 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant postal department (York, WA, 1925); postal assistant (York, WA, 1926); postal employee (Harvey, WA, 1931-1937); postal clerk (Leederville, WA, 1937-1943); PMG (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); radio monitor (Joondanna Heights, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TREZISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trezise|Trezise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Trezise|Trezise, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXX-38H] - 1902(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AMX Broken Hill (1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2337, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''TRICKETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trickett|Trickett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Francis Trickett|Trickett, William James Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-784] - 1898(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 242 Sydney (Auburn, 1920) (recorded as DJ Trickett, likely typo); 2BT Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 15th Reinfs, 2nd Signal Troop, 1916; transferred Wireless Anzac Signal Sqdn 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937; Manly, NSW, 1943); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (North Sydney, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''TRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trim|Trim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Trim|Trim, Sydney (Electoral Rolls) or Sidney (BDM)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL7D-NLM] - 1880(Vic)-1960(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 179; 2COCP 178, 1930; 1COCP 105, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1913; West Perth, WA, 1913-1914); &quot;radio station&quot; (Wyndham, WA, 1914-1917); farmer (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Applecross, WA, 1937-1958)

===''TRIPP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tripp|Tripp, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Tripp|Tripp, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG7N-LLD] - 1881(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XEZ Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914); 2UC Receive Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923); 1492 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic &amp; blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1930); garage proprietor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''TROTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement Ford Trott|Trott, Clement Ford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGY-XPN] - 1907(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CS McLaren Vale (1928-1929); 5CF McLaren Vale (1930-1931); 5CF Willunga (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 454, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (McLaren Flat, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Troy|Troy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Rusel Troy|Troy, Thomas Rusel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKG-MKH] - 1898(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2SH Receive West Maitland (1923); 2SH West Maitland (1924-1925); 2TY West Maitland (1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 208, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postman (West Maitland, NSW, 1930-1949); postal officer (Maitland, NSW, 1954); postal clerk (Maitland, NSW, 1958)

===''TRUDGEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maxwell Wallis Trudgen|Trudgen, Maxwell Wallis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3H-XYH] - 1907(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (East Adelaide, 1926); 5HS Adelaide (Fullarton, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 247, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, 1939-1941); mechanical engineer (Sydney, 1943-1954); engineer (Little Bay, 1958-1968)
===''TRUMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Truman|Truman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Paul Truman|Truman, Raymond Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1V-P74] - 1914(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2KA Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1934); 2NV Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1935-1937; Killara, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 723, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: eg 2KA amateur callsign likely withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KA Katoomba commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1937); accountant (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1958; Killara, NSW, 1963); chartered accountant (Northbridge, NSW, 1968); accountant (Castle Cove, NSW, 1972-1977; Bayview, NSW, 1980)

===''TRUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trumble|Trumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Compson Trumble|Trumble, Hugh Compson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7F-JXP] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XMQ Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1916-1927); physician (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1928); medical practitioner (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); not stated (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/trumble-hugh-compson-11884 ADB]

===''TRUNFULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trunfull|Trunfull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Leonard Trunfull|Trunfull, Richard Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBL-K7B] - 1906(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6RT South Greenough (1932-1933); 6RT Peel Estate (1937); 6RT Roebourne (1938-1939); 6RT Dangin (1947-1948); 6RT Nungarin (1954); 6RT Narembeen (1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 924, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (South Greenough, WA, 1931; Baldavis, WA, 1936; Dangin, WA, 1943-1949; Nungarin, WA, 1954; Narembeen, WA, 1958)

===''TRYTHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trythall|Trythall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Munckton Trythall|Trythall, Geoffrey Munckton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5J-X88] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3DA Melbourne (Melbourne City, 1947; Caulfield, 1948; East Ivanhoe, 1954-1965; Brighton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2148, 1938, Vic; COCP3 5000, 1964 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954-1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TUMBRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Henry Tumbridge|Tumbridge, Stanley Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM12-M1C] - 1899(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4ST Ipswich (1932-1933); 4ST Stanthorpe (1937-1939); 4ST Broadwater, 1947-1948; 4ST Brisbane (Woody Point, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 986, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Woodend, Qld, 1921); teacher (Murgon, Qld, 1925); school teacher (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1936-1937; Broadwater, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Margate, Qld, 1949-1954; Woody Point, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''TUNNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tunny|Tunny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Terence Gilbert Tunny|Tunny, Terence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7VF-NWH] - 1900(Qld)-1952(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1499, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: night officer (Bundaberg, Qld, 1925-1937); acting station master (Laidley, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''TURNBULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Edward Turnbull|Turnbull, Norman Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TP-7K8] - 1900(WA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 6NO Narrogin (1928); 6NO Perth (City, 1930; Subiaco, 1931; Shenton Park, 1937-1939); 3AXX Melbourne (Armadale, 1954; Carrum, 1955; Parkdale, 1956; Cheltenham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 430, 1928, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1120, 1928; 1COCP 185, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Bunbury, 1922; Busselton, 1925; Narrogin, 1925; Subiaco, 1931); radio inspector (Subiaco, 1934-1936); civil servant (East Perth, 1937); engineer (Armadale, 1954); clerk (Sandringham, 1958); manager (Sandringham, 1963-1968; Cheltenham, 1972); retired (Cheltenham, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert William Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert William or Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1S-GP4]  - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RO Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1938; Northbridge, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 317, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''TURNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turner|Turner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Reginald Turner|Turner, Edward Arthur Reginald &quot;Rex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT9-JD5] - 1910(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CW Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1925); 5SA Adelaide (Leabrook, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 272, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butter maker (Gawler, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Alfred Turner|Turner, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-XZ9] - 1913(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Maryborough (1937-1939); 3GN Ararat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1998, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maryborough, Vic, 1937); cinematograph operator (Ararat, Vic, 1943-1967); cinema operator (Ararat, Vic, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Haswell Elliott Alfred Turner|Turner, Haswell Elliott Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQG-8TG] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Sydney (Mosman, 1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 127, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer, military - Comment: likely related to XACW E. Turner, Jnr

* [[/Leonard James Turner|Turner or Wolfe, Leonard James or Leslie Adolphus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTW2-TGX] - 1898(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AJB Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1947); 2AJB Muswellbrook (1948); 2AJB Coffs Harbour (1950); 2LR Kyogle (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2407, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Ralph Robinson Turner|Turner, Ralph Robinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2D-S51] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5TR Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1935-1937; Dulwich, 1938-1939; Linden Park, 1947-1969; Echunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1444, 1935, SA; BOCP 66, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dulwich, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Robert John Blackwell Turner|Turner, Robert John Blackwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62T-FP7] - 1884(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2RT Goulburn (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 55, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''TUSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tuson|Tuson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Tuson|Tuson, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SR-BQG] - 1895(Eng)-1978(???) - Licences: XAEG North Coast (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 65, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied 1915); started Coffs Harbour Scouts 1909 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (1915, application to enlist WW1); technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1936); technician (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1963; Woy Woy, NSW, 1968-1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977) - Links: [https://www.otva.com/newsltrarch/79APR.PDF OTVA Obit]

===''TUTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kerr Tutton|Tutton, John Kerr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-7X8] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 956, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''TWEEDLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/P. Tweedle|Tweedle, P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DM Receive Brisbane (Albion, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''TWYCROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Twycross|Twycross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Kemp Twycross|Twycross, James Kemp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDM-1WN] - 1892(Vic)-1959(WA) - Licences: XMJ Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1913-1914); 9AW Rabaul, NG (1937-1939); 6JT Boya (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 198, 1916; 2COCP 187, 1930; 1COCP 187, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1913; Abbotsford, Vic, 1914; Kew, Vic, 1914-1919); 1920s &amp; 1930s New Guinea; public servant (Boya, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TYAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Robert Wilson Tyas|Tyas, Norman Robert Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHC-SK6] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4TY Gracemere (1932-1934); 4TY Kingaroy (1935-1939); 4TY Brisbane (Manly, 1946-1948); 4TY Boonah (1954); 4TY Wallangarra (1955-1956); 4TY Warwick (1960); Brisbane (Manly, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1059, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); state public servant (state school principal) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Kingaroy, Qld, 1936-1943; Brookstead, Qld, 1949; Mt Alford, Qld, 1954); teacher (Wallangarra, Qld, 1958); school teacher (Warwick, Qld, 1963; Manly, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''TYMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tymms|Tymms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Tymms|Tymms, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-R2D] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 84, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Geraldton, 1922; Como, 1925); not stated (Broome, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Townsville, 1954)

===''TYRER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tyrer|Tyrer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Y. Tyrer|Tyrer, F. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGY Sydney (Toongabbie, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''U'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''UMBACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ricky Charles Umback|Umback, Ricky Charles]] - early wireless historian (Ph.D. Thesis, 2016, &quot;Constituting Australia's International Wireless Service: 1901-1922&quot;) [https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/142647/1/Umback%20Thesis%202018.pdf]
===''UNDERWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Henry Underwood|Underwood, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-1XZ] - 1875(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Newstead, Qld, 1913-1915; Clayfield, Qld, 1916-1943); no occupation (Albion, Qld, 1943; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949)

===''UNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Unger|Unger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Herbert Unger|Unger, Alan Herbert]] - Living - Licences: 2YRS Alectown (1980+) - Qualifications: BOCP; AOLCP - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 2UJ Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger|Unger, Herbert Wilhelm Carl or Herbert William Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3K-BNB] - 1910(Vic)-2012(NSW, 101yo) - Licences: 2UJ Alectown (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1108, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2YRS Alan Herbert Unger - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Alectown, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''UNWIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John James Unwin|Unwin, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-SKZ] - 1908(Eng)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CB Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937); engineer (North Perth, WA, 1943-1954); assistant manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1963); manager (Hopetoun, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Albany, WA, 1977-1980)

===''URQUHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. M. Urquhart|Urquhart, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAB Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Malcolm Stewart Urquhart|Urquhart, Malcolm Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXT-5C3] - 1905(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1925-1939); 6MU Merredin (1946-1960); 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 116, 1925, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 27, 1936; AOLCP 158, 1934; 2COCP 85, 1937; 1COCP 126, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clerk (1931); broadcast technician (6MD, 1958); WW2 (1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Cottesloe, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast technician (Merredin, WA, 1943-1963)

===''UTHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Arthvael Uther|Uther, Gordon Arthvael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CH-34J] - 1885(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XIK Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;XIK - Gordon Arthvael Uther&quot; - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/uther-gordon-arthvael-14573 Obit]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11035570 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''V'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''VALE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vale|Vale, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay Harold Vale|Vale, Lindsay Harold &quot;Tubby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-858] - 1916(Vic)-1977(SA) - Licences: 3MK Mildura (1937-1938); 2AER Wentworth (1937); 2ANN Tathra (1946); 2ANN (North Bega, 1947); 2ANN Yowie Bay (1950); 2MR Sydney (Miranda, 1948); 5NO Adelaide (Elizabeth, 1960); 5NO Gawler East (1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1247, 1934, Vic; BOCP 54, 1936; AOCP1 41, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943); electrician (North Bega, NSW, 1949); engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1954; Eldo Tracking Station, Gove, NT, 1968)

===''VALENTINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Valentine|Valentine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Keith Valentine|Valentine, Lionel Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZVK] - 1916(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7KV Hobart (Bellerive, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1148, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellerive, Tas, 1937; Acton, ACT, 1949); public servant (Hobart West, Tas, 1958)

===''VAN COUTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Robert Josephus Van Cooth|Van Cooth, John Robert Josephus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GN-6ZP] - 1908(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda West, 1931)

===''VARDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vardon|Vardon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Edwin Vardon|Vardon, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-VPR] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923-1924); 5OM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 329, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Malvern, 1941-1943)

===''VARNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Varnes|Varnes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Hollier Varnes|Varnes, Harold Hollier &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L25S-L4Y] - 1911(Eng)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1933); 2ABB Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2ABB Newcastle (1938); 4GW West Bundaberg (1954-1960); 4HY Toowoomba (1975); 4HY Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 210, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naremburn, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1937); radio operator (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949); communication officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1949; Bundaberg, Qld, 1958-1969); public servant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''VAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vaughan|Vaughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edward Vaughan|Vaughan (also known as Hearps, change of name), David Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-HG5] - 1901(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FY Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1975); 2ADY Sydney (Lakemba, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 665, 1930, NSW (Hearps); AOCP 1003, 1932, NSW (Vaughan) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1937); machinist (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''VEALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Pax Veall|Veall, Reginald Pax]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-GR6] - 1918(Vic)-1942(NT) - Licences: 3PV Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2050, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 274, 1939; 1COCP 375, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Wireless Officer, MV Neptuna) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet found - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/47368 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034385 AWM]; [http://www.ntlexhibit.nt.gov.au/exhibits/show/bod/roh/veall NTL Exhibition] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''VEARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Elwyn Thomas Vears|Vears, Elwyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHS1-C67] - 1901(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2BM Leura (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Strathfield, 1930-1937; Burwood, 1943-1958)

===''VERNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vernon|Vernon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Vernon|Vernon, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88V-18Z] - 1901(WA)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6KZ Albany (1930-1931); 6KZ Perth (Fremantle, 1933-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1947); 6KZ Perth (Guildford, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 566, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Forts, Albany, 1922-1931; Fremantle, 1936-1937; 9AAD, Guildford, 1949-1954); retired (Wagin, 1958; Morley, 1963)

===''VESPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vesper|Vesper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Vesper|Vesper, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPW-HSP] - 1913(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2PV Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1230, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1963)

===''VICKARY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Mervyn Vickary|Vickary, Reginald Mervyn &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-CLP] - 1909(NSW)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RV Cunnamulla (1930-1933); 4RV Warwick (1936-1939); 4VX Brisbane (Gordon Park, 1965; The Grange, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 702, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Cunnamulla, 1931); radio dealer (Warwick, 1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); shopkeeper (Toowoomba, 1949; Ekibin, 1954; Chermside, 1963; Grange, 1968-1972)
===''VICKERY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth James Vickery|Vickery, Kenneth James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQP-WMQ] - 1893(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 2RA Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Hurlstone Park, 1930-1933); electrician (West Ryde, 1935; Parkes, 1936; Uralla, 1943); farmer (North Richmond, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2RA - Kenneth James Vickery&quot;

===''VINCENT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Vincent|Vincent, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-7S8] - 1906(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DL Receive Kalgoorlie (1923-1924); 6VK Kalgoorlie (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 59, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1931-1937); manufacturer (South Perth, WA, 1949-1963; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''VINING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vining|Vining, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Edward Vining|Vining, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR1-NLT] - 1906(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4WE Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 277, 1926, No. 22 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Nundah, 1928-1931); motor driver (Mitchelton, 1934; Gaythorne, 1936); mechanic (Gayndah, 1943); telephone mechanic (Enoggera, 1949-1963); telephone technician (Enoggera, 1968-1977)

===''VINNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vinning|Vinning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Alfred Vinning|Vinning, Howard Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVF-SHD] - 1919(Vic)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 3VG Sale (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 9VG Lae, PNG (1960); 1VG Canberra (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2131, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Sale, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''VIPAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alton Frederick Vipan|Vipan, Alton Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCF-MTG] - 1890(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHV Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - ship wireless operator; early wireless experimenter; AWA (Koo-we-rup, 1922); merchant marine (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933; Bronte, NSW, 1934; Rose Bay, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1935-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XHV - Alton Frederick Vipan&quot;

===''VOIGT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Emil Robert Voigt|Voigt, Emil Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-VV2] - 1883(Eng)-1973(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - 2KY Sydney, broadcast station manager; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, NSW Labor wireless committee) - Relationships: father of Rion Osborne Voigt; grandfather of Robin Voigt - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Dee Why, 1930-1934); manager (Dee Why, 1935; Narrabeen, 1936)  - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/voigt-emil-robert-8930 ADB]; [[w:Emil_Voigt_(athlete)|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.radioheritage.com/story70/ RHF]
* [[/Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt|Voigt, Rion Osborne Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-L1V] - 1915(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - broadcast industry executive, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Narrabeen, 1937; Turramurra, 1963-1980) - Relationships: son of Emil Robert Voigt; father of Robin Voigt
* [[/Robin Voigt|Voigt, Robin]] - historian (Emil Robert Voigt; 2KY) - Relationships: grandson of Emil Robert Voigt; son of Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt
===''VOLKERTS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Volkerts|Volkerts, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYC-H1H] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAEF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Leichhardt, NSW, 1933-1937); electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEF - Arthur Ernest Volkerts&quot;

===''VOLKMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Henry Oxford Volkman|Volkman, Reginald Henry Oxford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4CV-7PH] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Grafton (1924-1925); 2RY Scone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Woollahra, 1930-1933)

===''VOWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vowles|Vowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rupert Taylor Vowles|Vowles, Rupert Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYT-FLF] - 1894(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIZ Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2AW Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2XZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 562, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Concord, 1930-1972)

===''VOYSEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Voysey|Voysey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Jack Voysey|Voysey, Albert Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFNX-XPC] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XW Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1938; Bankstown, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 942, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1972); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1977-1980)

=='''W'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''WACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wackel|Wackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Wackel|Wackel, John Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Surname likely misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WADDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddell|Waddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivon Edward Waddell|Waddell, Ivon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-H3S] - 1909(WA)-1943(Thailand/Singapore) - Licences: 6WX Albany (1929-1930); 6WX Katanning (1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 561, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Katanning, 1936; South Perth, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10298089 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WADDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddle|Waddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Esmond Matthew Waddle|Waddle, Esmond Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNR-JLR] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 2UU Nimbin (1932-1939); 4GZ Charters Towers (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 899, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Greenslopes, Qld, 1928-1934; Nimbin, NSW, 1934-1937); pharmacist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943-1949); pharmaceutical chemist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''WADDY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard William Mackie Waddy|Waddy, Richard William Mackie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB62-5RP] - 1848(SA)-1933(SA) - senior state public servant (SA Post &amp; Telegraphs Dept), senior federal public servant (Deputy Postmaster-General SA)
===''WADHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadham|Wadham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Wadham|Wadham, Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZC-SBQ] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5KW Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Helmsdale, 1928; Da Costa Park, 1931; Glenelg, 1933; Adelaide, 1937; Glenelg, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 23, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WIA SA (Councillor 1931; Hon. Treasurer, 1931); National Radio Corp (manager, 1938); Holdfast Bay Yacht Club (Vice-commodore, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Helmsdale, SA, 1939-1941; Da Costa Park, SA, 1943)

===''WADSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadsley|Wadsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Wadsley|Wadsley, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2F4-X3J] - 1916(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3YI Melbourne (Middle Park, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2324, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Albert Park, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''WAHL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Fripp Wahl|Wahl, Alan Fripp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMB-TD4] - 1918(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6JB Perth (Leederville, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Dianella, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2101, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Leederville, WA, 1943-1958); clerk (Dianella, WA, 1963-1980)
===''WAIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Harris Wain|Wain, Alexander Harris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6Z-W8G] - 1891(Vic)-1922(Vic) - Licences: XPG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1916; Brighton, Vic, 1917; Caulfield East, Vic, 1919; Wonthaggi, Vic, 1919); stationmaster (Tynong, Vic, 1921); clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1922)

===''WALCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walch|Walch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Crosby Walch|Walch, Alan Crosby or Crosby Alan or Crosby Allan (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQC7-GSS] - 1907(NSW)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7BI Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923-1925); 7CW Hobart (Bellerive, 1926-1927; Battery Point, 1931-1933; City, 1937; Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 231, 1926, Tas; BOCP 1, 1936; 1AOCP 16, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Hobart South, 1936-1954)

===''WALDOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waldock|Waldock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alexander Waldock|Waldock, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RY-7SD] - 1915(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2QU Lithgow (1935-1939); 2QU Sydney (Cremorne, 1946); 2QU Lithgow (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1423, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mine wheeler (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937); fitter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lithgow, NSW, 1949); electrical fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1954-1968); fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WALDRON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Gerard Waldron|Waldron, Francis Gerard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WALES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Howard James Wales|Wales, Howard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G9-VDK] - 1885(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XOA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: painter &amp; decorator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1908); collector (Elsternwick, Vic, 1909-1919); purser (Elsternwick, Vic, 1922-1931); collector (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1937)

===''WALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walker|Walker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Charles Walker|Walker, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFY-L2V] - 1898(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 699, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: newspaper carrier (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934-1937); carrier (Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1972)

* [[/Charles Welsh Walker|Walker, Charles Welsh &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFR-19W] - 1899(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4CU Receive Clifton (1923); 4CU Clifton (1924-1960); 4DQ Portable Clifton (1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 10, 1924, No. 2 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; motor mechanic; Walker's Radio Service (proprietor, 1930s-1950s) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Clifton, Qld, 1921-1958)

* [[/Frank Wellesley Walker|Walker, Frank Wellesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1M5-FN5] - 1917(Vic)-2008(Vic)90yo - Licences: 3AEV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 3EV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1955; Nunawading, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2170, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Charles Walker|Walker, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-W8Y] - 1919(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7XR Deloraine (1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2248, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Deloraine, Tas, 1949; Devonport, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Louis Edward Walker|Walker, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSWB-L81] - 1864(Eng)-1934(At Sea) - Oversight of the 1906 Bass Strait link for Marconi Wireless Telegraphy Co

* [[/Philip Billingsley Walker|Walker, Phillip Billingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MNF3-P9W] - 1840(Eng)-1900(NSW) - early wireless experimenter, employment (NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendent of Telegraphs, Chief Electrician) - Links: [[w:Philip Billingsley Walker|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Robert Rowan Walker|Walker, Robert Rowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKT4-FLG] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF); author &quot;The Magic Spark, 50 Years of Radio in Australia&quot; - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Coburg, Vic, 1937); advertising (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954); company director (Richmond, Vic, 1963-1968); director (Richmond, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/2119721 NLA Bio Cuttings]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/1214534 NLA Book Catalogue]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/History/The-Magic-Spark-1973-Walker.pdf WRH Magic Spark Scan]

* [[/Ronald Gregory Walker|Walker, Ronald Gregory &quot;Gregory&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRP-GC6] - 1907(NSW)-1929(At Sea) - Licences: 7BT Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; journalist (Hobart &quot;Mercury&quot;); film maker - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1928) - Links: [http://www.seafarersmemorial.org.au/memorials/walker_g.php Seafarer's Memorial]

* [[/William Spencer Walker|Walker, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCF4-R77] - 1911(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5WW Adelaide (Alberton, 1934-1939; West Croydon, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1305, 1934, SA; BOCP 444, 1942; TVOCP 274, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939); mechanic (West Croydon, SA, 1941-1943)

===''WALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wall|Wall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William Burgess Wall|Wall, John William Burgess]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBM8-6FB] - 1899(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3QS Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2036, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1980)

* [[/Joseph Hart Wall|Wall, Joseph Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-GH6] - 1904(South Africa)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JC Macksville (1934-1936); 2JC Narrabri (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1406, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental student (San Souci, NSW, 1930-1931); dental practitioner (Macksville, NSW, 1933-1936); dentist (Narrabri, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Narrabri, NSW, 1963); retired (Narrabri, NSW, 1968)

===''WALLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wallace|Wallace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. W. Wallace|Wallace, C. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CP Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot; - See Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;

* Wallace, Florence Violet  (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/John Gordon Wallace|Wallace, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CH-ZHY] - 1921(Vic)-2012(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3VV Bendigo (White Hills, 1947-1965; Kennington, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2331, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (White Hills, Vic, 1949; Bendigo, Vic, 1954); assistant (Bendigo, Vic, 1967); technician (Kennington, Vic, 1972); teacher (Crrke, Vic, 1980)

* [[/John Walter Wallace|Wallace, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJ5-KC9] - 1881(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2LG Goulburn (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balmain, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Ronald Ian Gordon Wallace|Wallace, Ronald Ian Gordon]] - 1910(???)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2IW Robertson (1934-1936); 2IW Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1937); 2IW Robertson (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wallace-sir-robert-strachan-8962 ADB]

* [[/W. H. Wallace|Wallace, W. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CS Receive Mundaring Weir (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WALLBRIDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alwyn Leonard Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Alwyn Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHR-K7V] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2UI Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1935-1939; Tighes Hill, 1946-1947; Nelson's Bay, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1561, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mayfield, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); fisherman (Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1949-1958; Fingal Bay, NSW, 1963-1977; Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1980)
* [[/Leslie Walter Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Leslie Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMT-HKZ] - 1910(Eng)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5UX Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1930-1937); 5UX Peterborough (1938-1939); 5UX Kadina (1947-1948); 5UX Cook (1954-1955); 5UX Saddleworth (1956); 5UX Hawker (1960); 8UX Alice Springs (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 712, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Peterborough, SA, 1939-1941; Rendelsham, SA, 1943; Alice Springs, NT, 1963)

===''WALLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles Wallis|Wallis, John Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JW Longford (1932-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 893, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnie, 1928; Longford, 1936-1937)
* Wallace, Florence Violet (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

===''WALSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walsh|Walsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Dunbar Walsh|Walsh, Harold Dunbar &quot;Cordite&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W3-CT7] - 1903(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4HW Brisbane (Hamilton, 1925-1931; Rocklea, 1946-1947)); 4WN Brisbane (Hamilton, 1927, dealer) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 133, 1925, No 14 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); solicitor; pilot - Comment: Tragic end to a productive life - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1925-1937); airline pilot (Moorooka, 1949)

* [[/John Dallas Walsh|Walsh, John Dallas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Y-B6X] - 1902(NSW)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6AT Receive Tutunup via Busselton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gooseberry Hill, WA, 1925; Ross Brook via Busselton, WA, 1925; South Cunderin, WA, 1931; Caron, WA, 1936-1937; Helena Valley, WA, 1943; Kellerberrin, WA, 1954); headmaster (Margaret River, WA, 1954); school teacher (Nannup, WA, 1958); teacher (Brunswick Junction, WA, 1963; Engadine, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''WALTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walter|Walter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Trevor Walter|Walter, Ernest Trevor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNZ-88T] - 1919(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 2AEE Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1954); 5EE Adelaide (Prospect, 1955-1956; Hampstead Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1898, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1943); technical officer (Burwood, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WALTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walters|Walters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Allan Walters|Walters, Charles Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-LBY] - 1910(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3CW Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; Heidelburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 524, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1931-1936; Heidelberg, 1937; Brunswick, 1942)

* [[/Gerald Wills Walters|Walters, Gerald (Wills or Willis or blank)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7Y-1HZ] - 1886(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 108, 1915; 2COCP 157, 1930; 1COCP 129, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Currie, King Island, Tas, 1919; Darwin, NT, 1922); radio telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1928); wireless officer (Radio Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1936-1937); wireless (Gladesville, NSW, 1943); wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Albert Walters|Walters, Joseph Albert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALW Inverell - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2275, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Laurence Gordon Walters|Walters, Laurence Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-DBC] - 1923(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 2ALW Sydney (North Bondi, 1947-1950); 2ALW Cowra (1950); 3CN Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1956-1965; Hawthorn, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 137, 1947, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Likely relation of 2ALW Joseph Albert Walters - Electoral Rolls: student (Bondi North, NSW, 1949); chemist (Moorabbin, Vic, 1963); fuel technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963); fuel technologist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''WALZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walz|Walz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edwyn Walz|Walz, Arthur Edwyn or Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM9T-LB3] - 1908(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4AW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939; Wavell Heights, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 287, 1926, No. 26 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; plumber; radio repair business - Relationships: son of Conrad August Walz - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Nundah, 1934-1943); radio engineer (Wavell Heights, 1949-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4AW - Arthur Edwyn Walz&quot;

* [[/Conrad August Walz|Walz, Conrad August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRGZ-QF3] - 1882(Qld)-1951(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), plumber, farmer, father of 4AW Arthur Edwyn Walz

===''WARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ward|Ward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold David Ward|Ward, Harold David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP9-ZM9] - 1918(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Clayton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1646, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1949); radio (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); radio trade (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Joyce Alice Ward|Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLQZ-JNW] - 1918(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: 2MI Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2595, 1948, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3EA-2DU-2LQ Dudley Robert Millen - Electoral Rolls: stenographer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Hornsby, NSW, 1980)

===''WARDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Arthur Warden|Warden, Herbert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMR-SQT] - 1886(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: XGQ Narrabri (1913-1914); 2BG Receive Mungindi (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Coogee, NSW, 1930); teacher (Lindfield, NSW, 1930; Radwick North, NSW, 1931-1933; Woollahra, 1935-1937); schoolteacher (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''WARDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardle|Wardle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney William Lumley Wardle|Wardle, Sidney William Lumley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-QFL] - 1911(Eng)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Woodford Leigh (1930-1935); 2OU Armidale (1936-1937); 2OU Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939); 5OU Adelaide (Lockleys, 1946-1954); 2DID Berridale (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 610, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Woodford Leigh, 1934-1935); technician (Bondi North, 1937; Woollahra, 1943); retired (Berridale, 1980)

===''WARDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardley|Wardley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Wardley|Wardley, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DL-SKV] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1947-1975; Elsternwick, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2270, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1158, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1972); technician (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977; Elsternwick, Vic, 1980)

===''WARING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Clarke Waring|Waring, Cecil Clarke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQW4-V9F] - 1904(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CU Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1924); 3YW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1929-1931; Canterbury, 1933; Kew, 1937); 3YW Rupanyup (1938-1939); 3YW Stawell (1946-1948); 3YW Warrnambool (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 549, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, 1925-1928; Kew, 1931-1937; Stawell, 1942-1949; Warrnambool, 1954-1977)

===''WARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warne|Warne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Leslie George Warne|Warne, Maurice Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSP-LHY] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Croydon, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 300, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Campsie, 1931-1934); radio mechanic (Campsie, 1936-1937); radio sales (Kogarah, 1943-1963); radio &amp; TV technician (Arncliffe, 1968)

===''WARNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warner|Warner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Albert Warner|Warner, Geoffrey Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-6NR] - 1914(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2CK Wyong (1930-1937); 2FB Wyong (1938-1939); 3ABW Fiskville (1947); 9GW Port Moresby (1948-1954); 2AVW Bringelly (1955-1958); 2CK Bringelly (1960-1969); 6EG Bassendean (1975); 2HJ Camden (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 710, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 60, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Rockbank, Vic, 1942); technician (OTC Bringelly, 1958-1963); manager (Bassendean, 1977; Camden South, 1980) - callsign may have been withdrawn for 2CK Cessnock commercial (later restored)

===''WARNOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warnock|Warnock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Bernard Warnock|Warnock, Neil Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ8-58G] - 1944(Vic)-2019(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WARREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warren|Warren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Cortlandt Warren|Warren, John Cortlandt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKY-KJS] - 1913(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2QX Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1937; Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1220, 1933, NSW; COCP1 577, 1942; TVOCP 473, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1937); sheet metal worker (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Lugarno, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Theodore Frederick Warren|Warren, Theodore Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WL-7Q2] - 1914(NSW)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1934); 2LY Griffith (1935); 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1936); 9LO Port Moresby (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1169, 1933, NSW; AOCP2 220, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1937); mechanic (PMGD, Chatswood, NSW, 1943); retired (Cooktown, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WATERHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/A. G. Waterhouse|Waterhouse, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XVV Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WATERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George James Waters|Waters, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X9-S46] - 1902(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3EX Receive Melbourne (Heathcote, 1922); 3XA Melbourne (East Prahran, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 608, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as yet - Comment: Passed too soon

* [[/James Alfred Waters|Waters, James Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JA Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1685, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Queensborough, 1936); teacher (Ringarooma, 1937); schoolteacher (Queensborough, 1943-1954)

* [[/Leslie Waters|Waters, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85N-TZB] - 1882(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Innisfail (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Randell Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Innisfail, 1919-1943); radio dealer (Innisfail, 1949) - Trovetag: &quot;4AC - Leslie Waters&quot;

* [[/Maurice Hamilton Harwood Waters|Waters, Maurice Hamilton Harwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSS-D6W] - 1918(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Camberwell, 1954-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2033, 1937, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1967-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WATERWORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lindsay Carmel Waterworth|Waterworth, Lindsay Carmel &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YY-6M6] - 1892(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Rockhampton (1935-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1526, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Charleville, Qld, 1921); telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1968)

===''WATKINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Paul Watkins|Watkins, Andrew Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-RHP] - 1914(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 6AW Perth (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1805, 1936, WA; BOCP 269, 1939; 1COCP 842, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Boulder, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954; Chullora, NSW, 1958-1963)
* [[/William Trevor Watkins|Watkins, William Trevor &quot;Trevor&quot;, &quot;Watty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKG-J4V] - 1899(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: T336 Hobart (1920-1921); 7AA Hobart (1922-1925); 7DX Hobart (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 107, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: PMGD withdrew 7AA callsign for their own use, electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1922), wireless expert (Medhurst &amp; Sons, Hobart, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (West Hobart, 1922-1928) - Comment: passed too soon

===''WATSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watson|Watson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. A. Watson|Watson, A. A.]] - bef1910(???)-aft1930(???) - Licences: 2UT Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 341, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: None as yet 

* [[/Albert Watson|Watson, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8L-VGM] - 1897(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 887, 1925 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922; Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1926; South Perth, WA, 1928-1958)

* [[/Douglas Mervyn Watson|Watson, Douglas Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MG-FPY] - 1920(Tas)-1989(Tas) - Licences: 7DW Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939; City, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1867, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Hobart South, 1949-1954); mechanic (Lindisfarne, 1972)

* [[/Eric Watson|Watson, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-9SL] - 1913(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2EP Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1938); 2EP Cessnock (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1564, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Cronulla, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leopold Watson|Watson, Herbert Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZP-JLK] - 1897(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Kiama (1929-1933); 2OL Unanderra (1935-1938); 2OL Woollongong (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 545, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Field Artillery, 1916-1919; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kiama, 1930); electrical engineer (Unanderra, 1934-1937; Heidelberg, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954); retired (Avalon Beach, 1968-1972; Mona Vale, 1977; Mosman, 1980) 

* [[/James David Watson|Watson, James David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F5-789] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3NQ Darlington via Camperdown (1930-1939); 2ANQ Albury (1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 633, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Beware another JDW, labourer, Geelong, 1930s - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Darlington, 1931-1943); radio technician (Albury, 1949-1954) 

* [[/John Watson|Watson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CR Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil, as yet, specific individual not yet identified

* [[/Lindsay Gordon Watson|Watson, Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZJ-8RB] - 1915(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EI Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3ALV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1954-1956; Altona, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2065, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1942); optometrist (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1954; Gladysdale, Vic, 1963; Altona, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Paul Robert Watson|Watson, Paul Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBB-X7P] - 1906(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3PY Warracknabeal (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1022, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1931); radio mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1936-1937); company director (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1942); public servant (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Samuel Wilfred Watson|Watson, Samuel Wilfred or Wilfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-LXP] - 1906(Eng)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6WW Perth (West Perth, 1930-1939, 1948-1969); 6WW Shoalwater Bay (1975); 6WW Cardup (1980) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 189, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1931-1972); retired (Shoalwater Bay, WA, 1977; Cardup, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas William Watson|Watson, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BZ-1Q7] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TL Lithgow (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: miner (Lithgow, NSW, 1930); radio dealer (Lithgow, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Bowral, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/William Watson|Watson, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP84-3DP] - 1902(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KE Kurri Kurri (1931-1937); 2KE Stanford Merthyr (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 864, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1930-1935; Stanford Merthyr, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Wesley Watson|Watson, William Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZH-LJJ] - 1918(NSW)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2YY Sydney (Annandale, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1716, 1936, NSW; COCP2 153, 1938; COCP1 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1943); radio telegraphist (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio officer (Moonah, Tas, 1954-1963; Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''WATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watt|Watt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Watt|Watt, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-4B7] - 1901(Sct)-1985(Tas) - Licences: 7BO Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923); Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prince of Wales Bay, 1922-1928); accountant (New Town, 1936-1949; Moonah, 1954)

* [[/Arthur William Watt|Watt, Arthur William]] -  19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster, journalist (Wireless Weekly)

* [[/Charles Russell Watt|Watt or Russell-Watt, Charles Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-JFH] - 1904(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2WT Tenterfield (1925-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 184, 1925, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tenterfield, NSW, 1930-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2WT - Charles Russell Watt&quot;

* [[/John Gordon Watt|Watt, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZH-PM8] - 1888(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XAEA Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (AIF, 7th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Croydon, NSW, 1913); sales manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''WATTERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. Watterson|Watterson, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BZ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WAUCHOPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wauchope|Wauchope, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Wylie Wauchope|Wauchope, Ronald Wylie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH6X-QJR] - 1914(SA)-1933(SA)19yo - Licences: 5WE Adelaide (Maylands, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1086, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, 19yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WAUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waugh|Waugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay William Francis Waugh|Waugh, Lindsay William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-VGR] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Undercliffe, 1935); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1936; Waitara, 1937; Burwood, 1938-1939; Birchgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1486, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Regiment, 1915, medically discharged) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); no occupation (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937); retired (Balmain, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Balmain, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Way|Way, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. Way|Way, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADD Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor James Way|Way, Victor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYR7-LNV] - 1893(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: XOL Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1916; Warrnambool, Vic, 1917-1918; Brunswick, Vic, 1919; Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927)

===''WEATHERLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry William Elsdon Weatherley|Weatherley, Harry William Elsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBF-1HC] - 1921(Vic)-2006(Vic) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (Australian Radio DX Club, New Zealand Radio DX League, New Zealand DX Radio Association, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia - Chief Editor, Ontario DX Club), ANARC DXer of the year - metallurgist (Auburn, 1949-1954); technician (Mount Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Mount Waverley, 1980)
* [[/Herb J. Weatherley|Weatherley, Herb J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4HW Clifton (-1951+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), callsign formerly Harold Dunbar Walsh
===''WEATHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Weatherson|Weatherson, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WEATHERSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Stewart Weatherston|Weatherston, William Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LZ-2KF] - 1905(WA)-1942(Sing) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, 1927); salesman (St Kilda, 1931; Forrest, ACT, 1935; Newtown, 1943!) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WEBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webb|Webb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Kenneth Webb|Webb, Eric Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC8-ZK5] - 1921(Vic)-2020(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3EX Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1858, 1937, Vic; BOCP 279, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1949); physicist (Mitcham, Vic, 1954-1963; Malvern, Vic, 1967; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Mostyn Thomas Webb|Webb, Mostyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-ZWB] - 1917(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2DP Sydney (Newtown, 1934-1935; Hurlstone Park, 1936-1939; Petersham, 1946-1950; Annandale, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1404, 1934, NSW; AIR3 934, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Petersham, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Annandale, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''WEBBER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Palmer Webber|Webber, Harold Palmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-9T1] - 1906(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PW Melbourne (Eltham, 1931-1937; Alphington, 1938-1939; Fairfield, 1947; Alphington, 1948; Caulfield, 1955-1969; Beaumaris, 1975-1980); 3DA Melbourne (Alphington, 1937); 3PV Portable St Kilda (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 812, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Eltham, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1954; St Kilda, Vic, 1954; Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''WEBSTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webster|Webster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank James Webster|Webster, Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF73-5KV] - 1908(Eng)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6FW Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1039, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1943); plasterer (Perth, WA, 1954-1963; Victoria Park, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Harold Charles Webster|Webster, Harold Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRM-31P] - 1876(Tas)-1923(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Launceston, 1914); clerk (Hobart North, 1922)

* [[/Walter Webster|Webster, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BW-FKF] - 1912(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Gladesville, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1417, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Gladesville, NSW, 1933-1935); public servant (Gladesville, NSW, 1936-1968)

* [[/William Webster|Webster, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJD-D94] - 1860(Eng)-1936(NSW) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1915-1920), played prominent part in the Postal Royal Commission

===''WEDDELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Austin Weddell|Weddell, James Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK9-SYF] - 1914(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5ZL Adelaide (Reade Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1595, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1943); RAAF (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); RAAF officer (Richmond, NSW, 1958); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1963); not stated (Red Hill, ACT, 1968-1972); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Arthur Weddell|Weddell, John Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKM-KVK] - 1926(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FT Brisbane (Zillmere, 1954-1960); 2ZM Glenbrook (1961); 4FT Brisbane (Sandgate North, 1965-1969); 2BFT Sydney (Clovelly, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3172, 1951, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1949; Zillmere, Qld, 1954-1958; Sandgate, Qld, 1963-1968); technician (Marrickville, NSW,  1972; Clovelly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WEDGEWOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wedgewood|Wedgewood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Donald Wedgewood|Wedgewood, William Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLV-GM8] - 1901(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: N741 Receive NSW - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 692, 1922; 2COCP 49, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: boarder (Sutton Coalfield, Eng, 1911); manufacturer (Glenmore, 1930-1936); aviator (Nedlands, WA, 1937); farmer (Moruya, 1949-1954); greenkeeper (Brisbane, 1958); public servant (Hornsby, 1963-1972)

===''WEEDEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weeden|Weeden, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ross Weeden|Weeden, Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYFG-CL8] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2PN Tumut (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 840, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tumut, NSW, 1936-1977)

===''WEEKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. L. Weeks|Weeks, H. L.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4CJ Receive Currumbin (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: - Identification: Not yet identified

===''WEISS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weiss|Weiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred George Weiss|Weiss, Wilfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-7NP] - 1912(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TV Sydney (Croydon Park, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2TV Ettalong Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 670, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lithgow, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Lithgow, 1943); silk screen craftsman (Croydon Park, 1949-1958); retired (Strathfield, 1963-1968; Ettalong Beach, 1972; Ettalong, 1977)

===''WELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welch|Welch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Welch|Welch, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDN-9GY] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ACW Sydney (Stanmore, 1936-1937; Hurstville, 1939); 3ACW Melbourne (Avenel, 1947-1948); 3ACW Mangalore (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1665, 1936, NSW; COCP1 410, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Annandale, NSW, 1936-1937; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Tennant Creek, NT, 1943); aeradio officer (Avenel, Vic, 1949-1954); communications officer (Herne Bay, NSW, 1958; Padstow, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Frank Welch|Welch, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQN-PL7] - 1893(Eng)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Manly, 1927-1929; North Sydney, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 359, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); retired (Manly, NSW, 1972; Miranda, NSW, 1977)

* [[/John Welch|Welch, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJPS-NPH] - 1873(???)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJCW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1913-1914); 3JS Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1913-1931); agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''WELDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weldon|Weldon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;


* [[/Neville Edwin Weldon|Weldon, Neville Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2HS-SZ6] - 1910(NSW)-1935(NG) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Mosman, 1931); 9NW Kokopo (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 793, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weller|Weller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Arthur Martin Weller|Weller, Cyril Arthur Martin &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-WXH] - 1903(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2160, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, Brisbane DX Club); power station engineer; education (ME, UQ) - Electoral Rolls: student (Windsor, 1925); engineer (Wilston, 1925-1928; Camp Hill, 1934-1943; Clayfield, 1949-1972; Albion, 1977)

===''WELLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Welling|Welling, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHB-KQZ] - 1898(Eng)-1960(SA) - Licences: 5TW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1937); 5TW Mt Gambier (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 179, 1930; 1COCP 81, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941); wireless technician (Mt Gambier, SA, 1943)

===''WELLINGTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Wellington|Wellington, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWJ5-M1V] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1127, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (emigrated to NZ 1937)
* [[/Stanley Hudson Wellington|Wellington, Stanley Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB84-47Y] - 1909(Tas)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7PK Hobart (New Town, 1932-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1002, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 117, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: representative (Caulfield, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1942); manager (Mosman, 1949-1980)

===''WELLMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wellman|Wellman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. Wellman|Wellman, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XNQ Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leo Joseph Wellman|Wellman, Leo Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SW-R9S] - 1898(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2PS Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 117, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 34th Battalion, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wellington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1937); technician (North Cronulla, NSW, 1943-1949; Engadine, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''WELLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan Augustus Wells|Wells, Allen (birth) or Allan Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHV-WVJ] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW; BOCP 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; army (citizen's military forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Corowa, NSW, 1943-1963)
* [[/Athol John Wells|Wells, Athol John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTB-XS9] - 1911(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Girral (1932-1936); 2FI Sydney (Waverley, 1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1013, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Girral, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF wireless operator (Townsville, Qld, 1941-1943); clerk (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); grocer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1954); salesman (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Ballina, NSW, 1977-1980)
* [[/George Leonard Douglas Wells|Wells, George Leonard Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC7-GQC] - 1906(Eng)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3TW Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1782, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hamilton, Vic, 1928-1931); manager (Hamilton, Vic, 1935-1980)
* [[/Harold Rowland Wells|Wells, Harold Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-1DM] - 1903(Eng)-1938(WA) - first chief announcer for 6WF Perth; then 6AM Northam; journalist - Comment: Passed too soon (age 35y) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast announcer (Maddington, WA, 1925); journalist (Maddington, WA, 1931); director (Subiaco, WA, 1937) - TroveTag: &quot;Harold Rowland Wells&quot;
* [[/Joseph Edward Wells|Wells, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2C3-5YM] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AME Sydney (Arncliffe, 1939; Bardwell Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2252, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Petersham, NSW, 1930); teacher (Annandale, NSW, 1931-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937; Bardwell Park, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''WELSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welsh|Welsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claud William Welsh|Welsh, Claude or Claud  William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPH-WS4] - 1914(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4CW Warwick (1937-1939); 4DK Mackay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1982, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, Qld, 1937-1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Warwick, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1958); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''WELZEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welzel|Welzel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kurt Paul Corlette Welzel|Welzel, Kurt Paul Corlette]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54Z-Q5P] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1938); 2ACF Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2GQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1130, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick North, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1954); carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''WERE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Waltham Were|Were, Robert Waltham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNWY-QQP] - 1907(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1923); 3DP Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1181, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934; Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''WERNER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan John Werner|Werner, Allan John or Alan John (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFC9-YX5] - 1907(WA)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CV Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Karnup, WA, 1931-1937); fitter (Kwinana Beach, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968)

===''WERRETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Errol Limbrick Werrett|Werrett, Errol Limbrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-FMH] - 1908(Tas)-1974(Eng) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hampshire (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Hampshire, 1936-1937); fitter (South Melbourne, 1943); engineer (Caulfield, 1949-1968; Balaclava, 1972)
===''WEST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert West|West, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay John Payne West|West, Lindsay John Payne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQM-MSP] - 1895(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2EI Parkes (1935-1939, 1946-1954); 2EI Sydney (Chatswood, 1955-1961; Manly, 1965); 2EI Duranbah (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1475, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, 12th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2BN Reginald Francis Joseph Flood - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Paddington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Parkes, NSW, 1930); radio &amp; musician (Parkes, NSW, 1931-1932); radio dealer (Parkes, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Manly, NSW, 1968; Parkes, NSW, 1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977; Duranbah, NSW, 1980)

===''WESTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weston|Weston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Frederick Shorter Weston|Weston, Cyril Frederick Shorter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVJ-FXY] - 1905(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 4EN Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kedron, 1928); Christian worker (Darlinghurst, 1934); grocer (Oatley, 1943); agriculturalist (Ourimbah, 1949); salesman (Paekhurst, 1963-1980); retired (Charmhaven, 1980)

* [[/G. J. Weston|Weston, G. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GJ Albury (1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly George James Weston following, but no connection yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George James Weston|Weston, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ3-Y8Q] - 1868(Eng)-1939(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 702, 1922 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant) - Comment: Several contemporaneous GJWs - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Albany, 1903); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1910-1912); civil servant (Wireless Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1913); sailor (Toorak, 1919); naval officer (Elsternwick, 1919); civil servant (Auburn, Vic, 1922); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1927); retired engineer (Upwey, 1931-1937)

* [[/Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston|Weston, Robert Marcus Hamilton &quot;Mark&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-KW6] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4XO Bundaberg (1938-1939); 2WE Sydney (Lidcombe, 1946-1947); 2AWE Sydney (Kingsford, 1955; Kensington, 1956-1957); 2AYK Sydney (Kensington, 1957; Kingsford, 1958-1961); 2CM Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2076, 1938, Qld; 2COCP 386, 1940; 1COCP 581, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; wireless officer (QANTAS) - Relationships: husband of 2MR Verle Lorraine Weston nee Key(s) - Electoral Rolls: marine wireless operator (Auchenflower, Qld, 1943); radio operator (Blakehurst, NSW, 1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1954-1963; Sans Souci, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Selwyn Henry Weston|Weston, Selwyn Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMT-N5R] - 1912(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AJH Sydney (Epping, 1938-1939); 2SY Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1958; Roseville, 1960-1965; Castlecrag, 1969; Killara, 1975; Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2077, 1938, NSW; COCP3 4518, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); bank clerk (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1958); company director (Roseville, NSW, 1963; Castlecrag, NSW, 1968); retired (Killara, NSW, 1977); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Verle Lorraine Keys|Weston nee Key(s), Verle Lorraine]] - 1934(???)-1985(NSW) - 2MR Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980), YL amateur operator (AOCP ???, 1964, No. ?? in Qld), wife of Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston 2CM

* [[/William Wood Weston|Weston or Wehrstedt, William Wood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPG-KBQ] - 1912(WA)-1953(WA) - Licences: 6MW Perth (Nedlands, 1935-1939; North Beach, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1465, 1935, WA; BOCP 596, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Further clarification of identification required - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); operator (Leederville, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968; Leederville, WA, 1972-1977)

===''WEYNTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Gordon Weynton|Weynton, Alexander Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-35K] - 1905(NSW)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Lindfield; 3XU Castlemaine (1933-1939, 1947); 3XU Wangaratta (1954); 3XU Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1955; Bonbeach, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc;  AOCP 1214, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1933; St Kilda West, Vic, 1936); company secretary (Castlemaine, Vic, 1937-1949; Wangaratta, Vic, 1954); auditor (Carrum, Vic, 1963)

===''WHALLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Percy Whalley|Whalley, Rupert Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGZ-CV3] - 1894(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JZ Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922); 3JZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1927); 3JZ Myrtleford (1937-1939); 3JZ Wangaratta (1946-1948); 3JZ Melbourne (Blackburn, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 238, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Sandringham, 1919-1925); farmer (Myrtleford, 1927-1942); tobacco grower (Wangaratta, 1949); foreman (Blackburn, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 3ZWZ Robert Kelvin Whalley

===''WHEELER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheeler|Wheeler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Ronald Wheeler|Wheeler, Adrian Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KD-MRC] - 1915(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Epping, 1934); 2VR Sydney (Epping, 1937; North Strathfield, 1938-1939); 2VR Broken Hill (1946-1950); 2VR Bathurst (1954-1958); 2VR Sydney (Castlecrag, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1256, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Concord, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949; Bathurst, NSW, 1954-1958; Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harry Winslow Wheeler|Wheeler, Harry Winslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBC-BYC] - 1910(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5FB Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1927-1928); 5HW Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 371, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF, DFC) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Eden Hills, SA, 1939-1943); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1968) 

* [[/Victor George Wheeler|Wheeler, Victor George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4Z-FGL] - 1897(Eng)-1976(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; coastal wireless operator; WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electric mechanic (Roebourne, 1917-1922); manager (Fremantle, 1925)

===''WHELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheller|Wheller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Wheller|Wheller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN84-K4D] - 1904(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EW Melbourne (Dandenong, 1934-1937; Camberwell, 1938-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1947-1948; Ascot Vale, 1954-1955; Keilor East, 1956-1960; Niddrie, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1261, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Nathalia, Vic, 1926); independent means (Dandenong, Vic, 1931); munition worker (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''WHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whire|Whire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. L. Whire|Whire, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JU Broken Hill (1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WHITAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITTAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitaker|Whitaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Thomas Whitaker|Whitaker, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKKW-5DB] - 1895(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Receive Sydney (Banksia, 1923); 2OI Sydney (Banksia, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockdale, 1930; Banksia, 1933-1934); builder (Banksia, 1937-1949); instructor (Mount Colah, 1954-1958)

===''WHITBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Roy Whitburn|Whitburn, Douglas Roy &quot;Doug&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-3JX] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5BY Adelaide (Toorak, 1927-1931; Fullarton, 1933-1939; Rosefield, 1946-1947; Fullarton, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 312, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosefield, 1943)
* [[/Robert Philip Whitburn|Whitburn, Robert Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBF-5XB] - 1896(NSW)-1991(NSW)94yo - Licences: XACJ Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913-1914); 2DK Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922); 2DK Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chairmaker (Leichhardt, 1930-1968); retired (West Ryde, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XACJ-2DK - Robert Philip Whitburn&quot;

===''WHITE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert White|White, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Matthews White|White, Alfred Matthews]] - 1894(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Receive Winton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tranby, Winton, 1915-1958); retired (Buderim, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Alfred Raymond White|White, Alfred Raymond &quot;Knocker&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2K-2FF] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 3AH Stawell (1932-1933); 3AH Mulcra via Murrayville (1937-1939); 3ARW Hamilton (1947); 4RP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1018, 1932, Vic; BOCP 61, 1936; COCP2 121, 1937; COCP1 1571, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Manya via Ouyen, Vic, 1935-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Charles Robert White|White, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-S5H] - 1911(SA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 5MX Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 802, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Edwin Harold White|White, Edwin Harold &quot;Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-QGH] - 1911(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1933-1939); 4EW Mackay (1946-1950); 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1954-1956); 5OW &amp; 8OW Darwin (1956-1963); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1963-1965); 4OW Mt Isa (1969); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1141, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 250, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, Fortress Signals); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Red Hill, 1934-1936); radio technician (Longreach, 1937); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1943; Mackay, 1949); communications officer (Archerfield, 1954); public servant (Red Hill, 1963; Mt Isa, 1968; Red Hill, 1972-1980)

* [[/Elwyn Boyce White|White, Elwyn Boyce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CB-6Y5] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HA Sydney (Vaucluse, 1933-1934; Greenwich, 1935-1938; Darling Point, 1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1958; Epping, 1961; Wollstonecraft, 1965); 2HA Shoal Bay (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1933; Greenwich, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); electrical radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); technician(Epping, NSW, 1958-1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); retired (Shoal Bay, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Frank Philip White|White, Frank Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-9NF] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 189, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Roy White|White, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4P-LVT] - 1911(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ABK Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Wahroonga, 1939; West Ryde, 1947-1954); 2AHW Sydney (West Ryde, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 5, 1934; 1COCP 12, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; beam wireless operator (AWA); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Ryde, 1933-1935); telegraphist (Roseville, 1936-1937; Ryde, 1943-1972; Glenorie, NSW, 1977); retired (Thornleigh, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Gilford James White|White, Gilford James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X6-XFV] - 1915(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (post 1981?) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP V00911, 1981; BOCP 100, 1937; AIR3 796, 1946 - WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: airline captain (Box Hill South, Vic, 1963; Burwood, Vic, 1968-1977); economist (Burwood, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Henry Benjamin Humphrey White|White, Henry Benjamin Humphrey &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDL-18H] - 1918(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3IR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1950, 1937, Vic; COCP2 631, 1942; COCP1 658, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); radio operator (Malvern, Vic, 1949); broadcast technician (Collie, WA, 1954)

* [[/J. L. White|White, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JL via Brass Valley (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Hugh William White|White, John Hugh William &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CN-76K] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 5MM Adelaide (Dunleath, 1947); 2UG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1948-1950); 2UG Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1955); 6UG Perth (Nedlands, 1956; Floreat Park, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2348, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wallaroo, SA, 1939); PMG engineer (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943); engineer (Hamilton, NSW, 1949; Maroubra, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Wembley, WA, 1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1977)

* [[/Norbert Leyburn White|White, Norbert Leyburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDK-7X1] - 1910(NSW)-1941(Hong Kong) - Licences: 9LW Rabaul, New Guinea (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [file:///C:/Users/samue/Downloads/Serjeant%20Norbert%20Leyburn%20White%20-%20CWGC%20Certificate.pdf CWGC] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Reginald Percy White|White, Reginald Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX8-3V6] - 1908(WA)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3RW Melbourne (Blackburn, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947; Hawthorn, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 740, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Blackburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Robert Keith White|White, Robert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ17-8VS] - 1896(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIW Bowral (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1918, discharged, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1933); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1972)

* [[/Ronald Langton White|White, Ronald Langton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWXY-FBB] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3QR Melbourne (Malvern, 1935-1939; St Kilda, 1947; West Hawthorn, 1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1960; Elsternwick, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1553, 1935, Vic; BOCP 159, 1938; AOCP1 19, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: announcer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); broadcaster (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); radio (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); tv officer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Sydney George White|White, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD5-CNV] - 1902(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MW Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937; Melbourne CBD, 1938-1939; West Parkville, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 739, 1922; COCP1 245, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Carlton South, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1943-1949); public servant (Parkville, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Vernon William White|White, Vernon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP4-RGP] - 1908(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 934, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931-1954; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''WHITELAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Roy Whitelaw|Whitelaw, Charles Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99WD-7NY] - 1891(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XMO Melbourne (Rosedale, 1913-1914); 3BH Melbourne (Mooroolbark, 1923-1925); 3BH Stawell (1925); 3BH Benalla (1925-1927); 3BH Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931); 3BH Woomelang (1933); 3BH Melbourne (Mornington 1937-1939); 3BH (Harrisfield, 1946-1947; Dandenong, 1948; Noble Park, 1954-1955; Boronia, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 87, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; fire brigade and railway stationmaster; WW1 (AFC, Wireless Operator, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Creswick, 1914); assistant stationmaster (Ravenswood, 1919); stationmaster (Mooroolbark, 1922-1924); railway employee (Timboon, 1925); stationmaster (Benalla, 1925-1927; Mitcham, 1931; Euroa, 1942; Harrisfield, 1949-1954)
===''WHITFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Roy Whitford|Whitford, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/977F-FGK] - 1890(SA)-1970(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - owner &amp; manager Whitford Broadcasting Network (6PM Perth, 6AM Northam, 6KG Kalgoorlie, 6GE Geraldton) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916); printer (Perth, WA, 1916); salesman (Perth, WA, 1925; Mayfield, SA, 1925); manager (Balkatta, WA, 1929-1931); businessman (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1954); director (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.radioheritage.net/Story151.asp RHF]

===''WHITING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ambrose Whiting|Whiting, Reginald Ambrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR6-XDQ] - 1911(SA)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Torrensville, 1932-1933); 3MZ Melbourne (East Preston, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 988, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (South Yarra, Vic, 1934; Essendon, Vic, 1937); fitter &amp; turner (Preston, Vic, 1942-1968); fitter (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WHITLAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitlam|Whitlam, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Gough Whitlam|Whitlam, Edward Gough &quot;Gough&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VH-8BJ] - 1916(Vic)-2014(NSW) - Prime Minister (1972-1975), WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, navigator &amp; bomb aimer, 1942-1945) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glebe, 1943); barrister (Cronulla, 1949; Cabramatta, 1958-1963; Red Hill, 1977; Double Bay, 1980) - executive oversight of the introduction of community radio in Australia - Links: [[w:Gough Whitlam|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/whitlam-edward-gough-18730 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Lewis Alfred John Whitlam|Whitlam, Lewis Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYY1-BBB] - 1904(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Brisbane City, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1968); engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WHITTAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whittaker|Whittaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis William Whittaker|Whittaker, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WG-QBS] - 1920(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6FK Perth (Inglewood, 1938-1939, 1947; Cannington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2146, 1938, WA; COCP2 543, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (East Perth, WA, 1943); communication officer (DCA, Wyndham, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Cannington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WHYTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whyte|Whyte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Kenneth Whyte|Whyte, Charles Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNV-R3R] - 1915(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1603, 1936, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Russell Whyte|Whyte, Francis Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM9-VZT] - 1918(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AKC Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939, 1946); 2VF Sydney (Campsie, 1948-1965; St Ives, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2139, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive cleaner (Campsie, NSW, 1943-1963); electrician (St Ives, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Harold Eugene Whyte|Whyte, Harold Eugene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-62D] - 1920(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2AHA Newcastle (Jesmond, 1937-1939; Mayfield, 1946-1948; Birmingham Gardens, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1965, 1937, NSW; BOCP 432, 1942; COCP1 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lambton, NSW, 1949; Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Rolland Jeffrey Whyte|Whyte, Rolland or Roland Jeffrey &quot;Jeff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK3-7XT] - 1908(SA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AHM Wentworth (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1988, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Wentworth, NSW, 1936-1968); grazier (Wentworth, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WIBURD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiburd|Wiburd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Wiburd|Wiburd, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1H2-21S] - 1912(NSW)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LP Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1947-1948; North Brighton, 1954-1956); 3LP Bairnsdale (1960); 3LP Yarram (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2390, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); manager (State Savings Bank, Lancefield, Vic, 1963)

===''WICKHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wickham|Wickham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Norman Wickham|Wickham, Arthur Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C5-KXL] - 1901(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2TP Sydney (Artarmon, 1933-1937; Lindfield, 1938; North Sydney, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 648, 1921 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WICKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. Wicks|Wicks, C.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQK Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WIDGERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Widgery|Widgery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ernest Widgery|Widgery, Stanley Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-YQ3] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3SE Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1701, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: nil (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); electrician (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''WIGNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wignell|Wignell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Houston Wignell|Wignell, Arthur Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-D1Y] - 1917(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ALK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1939; Petersham, 1946-1954; Marrickville, 1955-1958; Beverley Hills, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2253, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WILCOX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Samuel Joseph Wilcox|Wilcox, Samuel Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-6CC] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3KC Melbourne (Croxton, 1933-1937; Caulfield, 1938-1939; Kensington, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1083, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1949-1954); sheet metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1963-1968); metalworker (Kensington, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''WILDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril George Wildman|Wildman, Cyril George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMG3-GNP] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1931; Moreland, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; East Brunswick, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 624, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 422, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Melbourne, 1927; Fitzroy North, 1931; Coburg, 1934-1942); electrical engineer (Brunswick East, 1977-1980)

===''WILKEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Henry Wilken|Wilken, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6H-7TD] - 1893(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XPF Melbourne (Kilsyth, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 44, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Cottonvale, Qld, 1921-1922); manufacturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930; Colo Vale, NSW, 1934-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954); director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958)

===''WILKES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Wilkes|Wilkes, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ZJ-MY7] - 1882(Eng)-1936(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener; likely amateur receiver (1920s); Principal City Commercial College, Perth; member Wireless Development Assoc WA; attended wireless conference Sydney 1924; Craig &amp; Co Wireless Engineers - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1913-1931)

===''WILKIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Winstanley Wilkin|Wilkin, John Winstanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LX-1P7] - 1891(NZ)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1928; Osmond, 1931; Glen Osmond, 1933; North Walkerville, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; likely qualified in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Toorak, SA, 1939-1943)

===''WILKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wilkins|Wilkins, Arthur]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1927; East St Kilda, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 375, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW(?) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Several contemporaneous Arthur Wilkins, specific to be identified

* [[/Charles Joseph Wilkins|Wilkins, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRZ-3KS] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALB Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2208, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Manly, NSW, 1933-1936); electrical mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); dynamo attendant (Manly, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Robert Thomson Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert Thomson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KL-ZX4] - 19??(???)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2WQ Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936); 2WQ Werris Creek (1937-1939); 2WQ South Grafton (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1253, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1932-1934); electrician (South Grafton, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''WILKINSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Angus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Dudley Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-Q53] - 1919(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5WD Adelaide (Frewville, 1935-1939; College Park, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1455, 1935, SA; BOCP 182, 1938; 1COCP 284, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hawthorn, SA, 1941; Ballarat, Vic, 1942)
* [[/Frederick Gidley Hattam Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Frederick or Frederic Gidley Hattam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7N-YDF] - 1896(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XGG Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918, Gunner); bank clerk (1916) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); clerk (Young, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); bank clerk (Commercial Bank, Braidwood, NSW, 1936-1937); bank officer (Milton, NSW, 1943-1949; Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1980; Mooloolaba, Qld, 1980)
* [[/James Enoch Machell Augustus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, James Enoch Machell Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X59-KSR] - 1910(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 3PQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1931-1937; Fairfield, 1938-1939; Northcote, 1947-1956; Lalor, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 782, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937)

===''WILLIAMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williams|Williams, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Frederick Williams|Williams, Alan William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8H-KSX] - 1911(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939); 2AF Wagga Wagga (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 737, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 31, 1936; TVOCP 271, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937-1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Albert Edward Williams|Williams, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1930-1931); 5BO Adelaide (Ottaway, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 659, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - several contemporaneous AEWs in SA

* [[/Alex Elisha Williams|Williams, Alex Elisha]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JC-RN9] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3KT Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1062, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); school teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1968); teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Alfred Keith Williams|Williams, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-3SS] - 1905(WA)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6AW Collie (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 502, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: picture S. operator (Collie, 1930) 

* [[/Archdale Robert Leslie Williams|Williams, Archdale Robert Leslie &quot;Archie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L668-177] - 1895(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3WE Birchip (1932-1933); 3WE Omeo, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1005, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1914-1919); WW2, (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Seymour, Vic, 1921-1924); linotyper (Claremont, Vic, 1927-1928); linotype operator (Birchip, Vic, 1931); journalist (Omeo, Vic, 1936-1954)

* [[/Evan James Williams|Williams, Evan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1M6-MLM] - 1894(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2JW Sydney (Double Bay, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 810, 1924 (Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Aust Wireless Signals Squadron, 1917-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: freeholder (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Ernest Arthur Williams|Williams, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKNS-QYG] - 1888(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Receive Wollongong (1923); 2QY Wollongong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Wollongong, 1913, 1930-1958); retired (Wollongong, 1968)

* [[/Harold Parkyn Williams|Williams, Harold Parkyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CW-DGX] - 1881(Qld)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - first general manager of ABC - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/williams-harold-parkyn-9112 ADB]

* [[/John Banks Williams|Williams, John Banks]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZH-ZR5] - 1913(Vic)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ADI Sydney (Bondi North, 1937-1939); 2ADI Merimbula (1946-1948); 2ADI Bega (1950); 2AYW Bega (1957-1969); 2AYW Kiama (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 983, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bega, NSW, 1949-1954); radio technician (Bega, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Kiama, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/J. E. Williams|Williams, J. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DQ Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: many contemporaneous JEWs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Williams|Williams, John Henry Jnr &quot;Johnny&quot; &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP3D-8NG] - 1880(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Mackay (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 507, 1929, No ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: iron monger? (Mackay, 1925-1943) - established commercial broadcaster 4MK Mackay 1931

* [[/John Owen Williams|Williams, John Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWV-S18] - 1918(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3OU Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1937; Sandringham, 1938-1939); 3OQ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948); 3UO Melbourne (Sandringham, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1426, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bio-chemist (Prahran, Vic, 1943-1949); instrument maker (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Henry Williams|Williams, Joseph Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G178-LC7] - 1921(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939); 3NL Melbourne (Northcote, 1948; Mordialloc, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2134, 1938, Vic; BOCP 183, 1938) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: defence instructor (Northcote, Vic, 1949); teacher (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954-1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1968; Macleod, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Kenneth Jack Woodbine Williams|Williams, Kenneth Jack Woodbine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP6T-5JR] - 1912(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2XD Sydney (Bankstown, 1932-1936); 2XD Tamworth (1937-1939); 2XD Sydnet (Bankstown, 1946-1947; Eastwood, 1948-1950; West Ryde, 1954-1956; Galston, 1957-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1025, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1935; Tamworth, NSW, 1937); engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1954); farmer (Galston, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/L. L. Williams|Williams, L. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9WL Kela, Salamaua, New Guinea (1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie Samuel Barnes Williams|Williams, Leslie Samuel Barnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-X56] - 1896(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4LS Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1930-1933); 4LS Toogoolawah (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 630, 1930, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: naval signalman (Cape Moreton, 1917-1922); saddler (Indooroopilly, 1925-1931); boot repairer (Toogoolawah, 1934-1958); retired (Taringa, 1963-1972) 

* [[/Neville Gatenby Williams|Williams, Neville Gatenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX7-QBT] - 1919(Vic)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3PH Melbourne (Brighton, 1935-1939, 1947); 3PH Seymour (1948-1954); 7PH Launceston (1955-1956); 3PM Mildura (1965-1969); 4PH Magnetic Island (1975); 4PH Toorbul (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1555, 1935, Vic; COCP1 996, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949; Seymour, Vic, 1949); communications officer (Airport, Mildura, Vic, 1963-1968); shopkeeper (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972); retired (Arcadia, Qld, 1977; Currumbin, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald Armand Williams|Williams, Ronald Armand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYY5-2QC] - 1916(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3ZD Warragul (1937-1939, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2034, 1937, Vic; BOCP 646, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); manager (Warragul, Vic, 1949-1954); general manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1963) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1069349 VWMA]

* [[/Walter Neville Williams|Williams, Walter Neville &quot;Neville&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW6-G6P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Merrylands, 1947-1969); 2XV Sydney (Carlingford, 1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 107, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (long-time editor Electronics Australia) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Guildford, NSW, 1936); engineer (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1963; Granville West, NSW, 1968; Merrylands, NSW, 1972); editor (Beecroft, NSW, 1977; Carlingford, NSW, 1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199701.pdf EA]

===''WILLIAMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williamson|Williamson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Joseph Augustine Williamson|Williamson, Cecil Joseph Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K879-9HC] - 1925(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Yass (1929-1931); 2ALS Yass (1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 525, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Yass, 1930-1949); farmer (Trundle, 1949); mechanic (Orange, 1954-1972)

* [[/Edwin Keith David Williamson|Williamson, Edwin Keith David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBY9-Z1N] - 1910(Vic)-2005(WA) - Licences: 3IF Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1947-1956; Oakleigh, 1960-1969); 3IF Warneet (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2218, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1954); bank officer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Warneet, Vic, 1972; Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson|Williamson, Frederick Lerpiniere]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6L-GCH] - 1896(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5AH Receive Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922); 5AH Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922-1927; Collinswood, 1928, 1948-1955); also dealer licence 5BT Adelaide 1925-1926 for Kauper, Austin &amp; Williamson - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 22, 1924, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 284, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5AH - Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson&quot;

* [[/Hubert Gordon Williamson|Williamson, Hubert Gordon &quot;Rusty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7J-YQP] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3GW Rainbow (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 3GW Lalor (1965-1969); 3GW Melbourne (East Doncaster, 1975-1980); 3GH Rainbow (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 342, 1927, Vic; COCP1 593, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Rainbow, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Lalor, Vic, 1963-1967); technician (Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian - See Marjorie Lilian Hutchings

===''WILLIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Archibald Willis|Willis, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1H-6FR] - 1917(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2161, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: not stated (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1963; Annerley, Qls, 1968); retired (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1972)

* [[/Harold Oliver Willis|Willis, Harold Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-NLZ] - 1898(Vic)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6OW Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1931); 6AM Perth (South Fremantle, 1933); 6HW Perth (South Fremantle, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 675, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: baker (South Fremantle, 1925-1968)

===''WILLMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILMOTT

* [[/Thomas Robert Willmott|Willmott or Wilmot, Thomas Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD6-TB4] - 1886(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: XCL Sydney (Toongabbie, 1912-1914); 2BR Receive South Grafton (1922); 2ZO South Grafton (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 48, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Grafton South, 1930-1943)

===''WILLOUGHBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Lancelot Willoughby|Willoughby, Eric Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR88-Q5X] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BM Adelaide (Penrhyn, 1932-1939); 5GO Adelaide (Unley, 1948); 3FB Noojee (1954-1956); 3FB Neerim Junction (1960); 4EW Booval (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1035, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Penrhyn, SA, 1939-1943); farmer (Noojee, Vic, 1949-1954); PMG Linesman (Booval, Qld, 1963-1968); PMG (Booval, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WILMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILLMOTT

* [[/John Henry Wilmott|Wilmott, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQY-PTR] - 1914(WA)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 6JW Perth (Como, 1934-1939); 2AJX Sydney (Lindfield, 1975); 2AJX Bathurst (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1345, 1934, WA; 1COCP 170, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JHWs - Electoral Rolls: aircraft radio officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1958-1968); proprietor (Bathurst, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WILSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilson|Wilson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Wilson|Wilson, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DL Receive Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Wilson|Wilson, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-FSR] - 1904(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3JF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1935-1937; McKinnon, 1938-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1546, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1926-1936); printer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Darius Joseph Wilson|Wilson, Darius Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZR-GJ4] - 1901(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1929-1931; Lidcombe, 1933; Five Dock, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Warwick Farm, 1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 548, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Leichhardt, 1930; Five Dock, 1943-1949); no occupation (Five Dock, 1954); french polisher (Yagoona, 1954-1968); polisher (Yagoona, 1972-1977)

* [[/Donald Davidson Wilson|Wilson, Donald Davidson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4M-C67] - 1913(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AES Teralba (1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1822, 1936, NSW; BOCP 335, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Son is also DDW - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Speer's Point, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Teralba, NSW, 1943-1980)  

* [[/Henry George Wilson|Wilson, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5LY-R6P] - 1908(Eng)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2AGO Sydney (Greenwich, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2045, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HGWs - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Greenwich, NSW, 1954-1972)

* [[/Horace Benjamin Wilson|Wilson, Horace Benjamin &quot;Ben&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-71R] - 1911(WA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5WB Adelaide (Wayville, 1930-1937; Unley Park, 1938-1939); 2BP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1946-1948; West Ryde, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 586, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 161, 1934; 2COCP 33, 1935; 1COCP 72, 1935 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Unley Park, 1939); recording engineer (McMahons Point, 1949); business manager (West Ryde, 1954-1980)

* [[/J. H. or T. H. Wilson|Wilson, J. H. or T. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BV Perth (Claremont, 1922; Peppermint Grove, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Thomas Wilson|Wilson, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN47-4TR] - 1914(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3CU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3ACV Colac (1954-1955); 3ACV Carisbrook (1956); 3ACV Melbourne (St Albans, 1960; Mt Evelyn, 1965-1969); 3ACV Lubeck (1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1878, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JTWs - Electoral Rolls: nil (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); textile (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); textile worker (Camberwell, Vic, 1943 + Mary Ellen)

* [[/Leonard Gratton Wilson|Wilson, Leonard Gratton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQN8-3K6] - 1901(NSW)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6LG Perth (Inglewood, 1928; South Perth, 1930-1931; Como, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 429, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: vigneron (Caversham, 1925); police constable (South Perth, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); constable (Albany, 1943-1949); police constable (Como, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Maclean Wilson|Wilson, Leslie Maclean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRH5-9TL] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LM  Marsden (1924-1926); 2LM Sydney (Cremorne, 1927); 2LM Mudgee (1928-1936); 2LMW Mudgee (1937-1939); 2ALM Mudgee (1946-1950); 2ALM Port Macquarie (1954-1958); 2LM Port Macquarie (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 33, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mudgee, NSW, 1930-1954); no occupation (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Perry Allen Wilson|Wilson, Perry Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AT Receive Eumundi (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motordriver (Eumundi, Qld, 1925-1934); garage proprietor (Eumundi, Qld, 1936-1943)

* [[/Robert Scott Wilson|Wilson, Robert Scott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ3-98L] - 1898(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XKC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1926; Gardiner, Vic, 1927-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Victor William Wilson|Wilson, Robert Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWJ-J3L] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2AFS Moree (1936-1939); 2AFS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1947-1950); 2AFS Port Stephens (Williamtown, 1954-1955); 3SD Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1836, 1936, NSW; COCP1 1031, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RVWs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (East Sydney, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (East Moree, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Hamilton, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Vaughan Hislop Wilson|Wilson, Vaughan Hislop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-Z2B] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2ADZ Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1937; Harris Park, 1938); 2VW Sydney (Kingsford, 1947; Maroubra, 1948-1960; West Pymble, 1961-1965; Chittaway Point, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified NZ?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1958); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1963); technician (Chittaway Point, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Victor John Wilson|Wilson, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-NPY] - 1909(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923); 4VW Brisbane (Newstead, 1937-1939); 4VW Nambour (1960); 4VW Brisbane (Everton Park, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1100, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Newstead, Qld, 1931-1937; Nambour, Qld, 1958; Everton Park, Qld, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Warne Alfred George Wilson|Wilson, Warne Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKLN-Y39] - 1900(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Receive Ballarat (1923); 3RY Ballarat (1924-1925); 3WA Ballarat (1928-1939, 1946-1960); 3KV Ballarat (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 444, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 20, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Ballarat, 1924); radio engineer (Ballarat, 1927-1980)

* [[/Wilfred Elvyn Wilson|Wilson, Wilfred Elvyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-MB4] - 1880(Eng)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Receive Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1923); 2JI Sydney (Roseville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Roseville, 1930-1963)

* [[/William Thomas Wilson|Wilson, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-9FS] - 1921(Vic)-1997(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2381, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Winston Mons Wilson|Wilson, Winston Mons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N7K-8K4] - 1915(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (East Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1407, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Preston, Vic, 1937); farmer (Eltham, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Cohuna, Vic, 1949); bookkeeper (Cohuna, Vic, 1954)

===''WILTSHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur John Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRH7-W1X] - 1916(???)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AEM Lismore (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1752, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales assistant (Lismore, NSW, 1937); turner &amp; fitter (Adamstown, NSW, 1943); turner &amp; machinist (Toronto, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Ballina, NSW, 1954); manager (Goonellabah, NSW, 1958-1963; Gundarimba, NSW, 1968); agent (Ballina, NSW, 1972-1977); distributor (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''WINCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winch|Winch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roderick Mervin Winch|Winch, Roderick Mervin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-MMP] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2OA Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1937); 3OA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1938); 2OA Sydney (Parramatta, 1946-1961); 2AMY Sydney (Harris Park, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (possibly from RAN) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval rating (Parramatta, NSW, 1932; Harris Park, NSW, 1933-1937); radio dealer (Parramatta, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wing|Wing, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James John Wing|Wing, William James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDHH-WKW] - 1887(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 188, 1916; 2COCP 142, 1930; 1COCP 212, 1931 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (CPO, 1917-1918); AWA - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hotel Metropole, Thursday Island, Qld, 1914); wireless engineer operator (Radio Station, Applecross, WA, 1917); radiotelegraphist (Cooktown, 1921); business manager (Epping, 1930); sales manager (Epping, 1933-1936; Roseville, 1937; Chatswood, 1943-1949); manager (Melbourne, 1954)

===''WINKLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winkler|Winkler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Martin Herbert Rudolf Winkler|Winkler, Rev. Martin Herbert Rudolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HCP-JCV] - 1906(NZ)-1985(SA) - Licences: 2MP Wagga Wagga (1934-1939); 2MP Temora (1946-1948); 5MV Adelaide (Clapham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1335, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1932; Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1943; Barmedman, 1949) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/614919 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1241955 Photo]

===''WINTERFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton Winterford|Winterford, Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ML-FJH] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Canada?) - Licences: 4MF Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1931); 4MF Southport (1933); 4MF Sarina (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 363, 1927, No. 40 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Annerley, Qld, 1931); mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); electrician (Sarina, Qld, 1943); electrical contractor (Broadbeach, Qld, 1949)

===''WINTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winton|Winton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Winton|Winton, John Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-4ZG] - 1912(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3XR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1933; Surrey Hills, 1937-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Montrose, 1965; Wantirna South, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 959, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1937); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; North Croydon, Vic, 1954; Montrose, Vic, 1963-1968; Wantirna, Vic, 1972)

===''WIRSU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wirsu|Wirsu, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oiva Leslie Wirsu|Wirsu, Oiva Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14L-RGB] - 1919(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3ALW Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947); 2AMA Sydney (Kensington, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2415, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1954; Gordon, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''WISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wise|Wise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Wise|Wise, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDS-D87] - 1853(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (Postmaster-General, 1920-1921) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Sale, 1905-1949) - Links: [[w:George Wise (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William George Wise|Wise, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKG-RBN] - 1902(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2PW Sydney (Summer Hill, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1045, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical linesman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); lineman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''WISEMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William James Cleave Wiseman|Wiseman, William James Cleave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2M-ZP8] - 1906(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5WJ Port Lincoln (1931-1939); 5WJ Ceduna (1947-1948); 5WJ Adelaide (Parafield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 759, 1931, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 485, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Port Lincoln, SA, 1939-1941); aeradio operator (Ceduna, SA, 1943)

===''WISHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Turner Wishart|Wishart, William Turner &quot;Bill, Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ3-J9S] - 1900(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4WT Brisbane (Graceville, 1931-1939); 6TW Perth (Claremont/Floreat Park, 1946-1948); 4WX Brisbane (St Lucia, 1965-1969; Margate 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 870, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, federal councillor) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Red Hill, Qld, 1921); optical mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1925; Graceville, Qld, 1928-1937); audiometrist (Floreat Park, WA, 1949; Darlington, WA, 1949); retired (Wynnum North, Qld, 1972; Margate, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Witt|Witt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney Herbert Witt|Witt, Sidney Herbert &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-BDV] - 1892(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1914-1916); electrical engineer (Camberwell, 1922); engineer (Brighton, 1925-1943; Glen Iris, 1958-1968; Burwood, 1972)) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/witt-sidney-herbert-12059 ADB]; [http://www.coxhill.com/trlhistory/history/witt.htm Coxhill]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2355724 NLA]

* [[/Walter King Witt|Witt, Walter King]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCV-VWY] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XKW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (RAN Transport); WW2 (RANVR); Wireless Institute Victoria (vice president, 1914) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Williamstown, Vic, 1916-1917); X-ray operator (Northcote, Vic, 1919); traveller (Williamstown, Vic, 1922-1924); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1925-1927); sales (Williamstown, Vic, 1928-1968); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1972); importer (Williamstown, Vic, 1977) - Links: [https://www.wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2014/20141022-1/index.php WIA Amateur Radio 2014 11]

===''WOHLERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wohlers|Wohlers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Gibson Wohlers|Wohlers, Howard Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YB-FHW] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3YV Wangaratta (1947-1965); 3AYV Portable Wangaratta (1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2339, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wangaratta, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''WOLFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hamilton Bennett Wolfe|Wolfe, Hamilton Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H2-8K6] - 1886(Vic)-1956(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 193, 1916; 2COCP 242, 1930; 1COCP 213, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908-1912); wireless telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925-1926); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1936-1949); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1954)

===''WOLFENDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Wolfenden|Wolfenden, Peter]] - 3ZPA Strathmore (1965) - amateur operator, historian (amateur, amateur broadcasting), journalist (WIA's &quot;Amateur Radio&quot;)

===''WOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wood|Wood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Abner David Wood|Wood, Abner David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ7R-BJC] - 1910(Eng)-1976(SA) - Licences: 6AS Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1534, 1935, WA; BOCP 654, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/George Alfred Wood|Wood, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7Z-9F6] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2IZ Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1935; Woollahra, 1936-1939); 2AIX Sydney (Woollahra, 1948; Bondi Junction, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1125, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Waverley, NSW, 1933-1935); mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1937; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943-1949); telephone technician (Randwick North, NSW, 1954-1958; Hurstville South, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Hurstville South, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Henry Clarence Wood|Wood, James Henry Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H7-XN9] - 1901(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Receive Grafton (Crystal) (1923); 2ZM Grafton (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1128, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/James William Wood|Wood, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-B9P] - 1914(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2GG Albury (1946-1947); 2GG Herne Bay (1948-1950); 2GG Sydney (Bexley North, 1954-1961; Long Jetty, 1965-1969; Killarney Vale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2419, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 39, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWWs - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Percy Wood|Wood, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-2V1] - 1909(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RQ Ipswich (1927-1931); 4PW Ipswich (1933-1939); 2EPW Banora Point - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 359, 1927, No. 39 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN, AR); engineer (IREE) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Ipswich, 1931); radio dealer (Ipswich, 1937-1949; East Ipswich, 1954-1968); electrical dealer (Banora Point, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Eric Wood|Wood, Raymond Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LV-Y2C] - 1916(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2VB Sydney (South Kensington, 1935-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Epping, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1580, 1935, NSW; COCP2 195, 1939; COCP1 305, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Saint Huberts Island, NSW, 1980)

===''WOODHEAD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Edward Woodhead|Woodhead, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97Q-V5C] - 1904(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 6DI Receive Bridgetown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bridgetown, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Mortdale, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WOODLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodley|Woodley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Woodley|Woodley, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-CYY] - 1909(???)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6BY Perth (West Leederville, 1930-1931); 6DJ Perth (Carlisle, 1946-1948; Victoria Park, 1954-1956; Maniana, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 680, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Claremont, 1936-1937); mechanic (Victoria Park, 1943); radio mechanic (Carlisle, 1949; Victoria Park, 1954; Maniana, 1963-1980) - Callsign possibly withdrawn for commercial

===''WOODMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodman|Woodman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Woodman|Woodman, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V1B-S3D] - 1903(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1933); 2ZE Leeton (1933-1937); 2ZE Delegate (1938-1939, 1946-1947); 2ZE Hay (1948-1961); 2ZE Murrumburrah (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 925, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933); postal clerk (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); postmaster (Delegate, NSW, 1943; Hay, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Murrumburrah, NSW, 1968)

===''WOODWARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodward|Woodward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Woodward|Woodward, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZ7-DFF] - 1909(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YO Melbourne (Coburg, 1931; Moreland, 1933-1939; Malvern East, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 765, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/George Reginald Woodward|Woodward, George Reginald ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG18-CNZ] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2WO Sydney (Sutherland, 1932-1933); 2YT Sydney (Sutherland, 1934-1939); 2YT Bathurst (1946-1947); 2YT Rydal (1948); 2YT Sydney (Smithfield, 1950; Canley Vale, 1954-1957; Auburn, 1958; Smithfield, 1960; Canley Vale, 1961); 2YT Taree (1965-1975); 2YT Sydney (Gladesville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 901, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 718, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sutherland, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Kirkconnell, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Auburn North, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1958); radio technician (Lithgow, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Moree, NSW, 1963; Ryde, NSW, 1968); salesman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1972); retired (Punchbowl, NSW, 1977); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

===''WOOKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Lewis Wookey|Wookey, Geoffrey William Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3H-WNJ] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YJ Melbourne (Croydon, 1931-1933; Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980); 3AYJ Melbourne (Portable, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 838, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1968); instrument maker (East Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)
* [[/Robert Bruce Wookey|Wookey, Robert Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DP1-GVW] - 1907(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Geelong (1923-1924); 3RW Geelong (1925-1927); 3IC Geelong (1948-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 146, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cressy, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Queenscliff, Vic, 1931; Geelong, Vic, 1942-1972)

===''WOOLACOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woolacott|Woolacott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Prosser Woolacott|Woolacott, Francis Prosser &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFL-94T] - 1903(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2ST Receive Sydney (Drummoyne, 1923-1924); 2FW Sydney (Drummoyne, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 119, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father-in-law of Geoffrey Ross Curnow - Electoral Rolls: architect (Mosman, NSW, 1936); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); architect (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963)

===''WOOLLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woollett|Woollett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edgar Woollett|Woollett, David Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-HDP] - 1920(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZDE Sydney (Beverley Hills, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 202, 1956; AOCP 4292, 1965, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Beverley Hills, 1949-1972; Narwee, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Horace Woollett|Woollett, Norman Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD2-Z5M] - 1908(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Mosman, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 276, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936); public servant (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''WOOLLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Ronald Woolley|Woolley, Leon Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L214-JQH] - 1898(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4FW Ipswich (1931); 4FW Townsville (1933); 4FW Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 751, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, ATC); employment (school teacher) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Bell, Qld, 1919-1921; Newtown, Qld, 1925; Kia Ora, Townsville, 1931; Newtown, Qld 1934-1963)

===''WOOLNOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Stephen Woolnough|Woolnough, Archibald Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CG-9PK] - 1909(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3BW Portarlington (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 519, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: business proprietor (Portarlington, 1931-1980) 

* [[/Walter George Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K89F-ZSF] - 1876(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933), on behalf of son Walter Lyell Woolnough - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Nil - Relationships: father of 2GW Walter Lyell Woolnough - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Mt Lawley, WA, 1913); professor geology (University, WA, 1916-1917); geologist (Hotel Canberra, ACT, 1928); Commonwealth Geologist (Forrest, ACT, 1937); clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); public servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); no occupation (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Walter Lyell Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CJF-LS3] - 1906(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933-1936); 2GW Lithgow (1937-1939); 2GW Sydney (Gordon, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 153, 1925, No. ?? in NSW), amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: licence held by father Walter George Woolnough till 1933 - Relationships: son of Walter George Woolnough, holder of 2GW licence till 1933 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930); assistant engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937; Gordon, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''WOOSTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Meredith Wooster|Wooster, Horace Meredith &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Q-CGW] - 1909(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4VH Townsville (City, 1930-1939; Belgian Gardens, 1946-1948); 4VH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 623, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (Qld Railways, telegraphist; Qld Main Roads Dept); military (Army signals officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1931-1932; Norman Park, 1937; Townsville, 1943-1949; Yeronga, 1954-1980)

===''WORRALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worrall|Worrall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Albert Worrall|Worrall, Leonard Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTL5-L1L] - 1912(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2XM Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1934; Punchbowl, 1935-1936); 4XM Cairns (1937-1939); 4WL Brisbane (Stafford Heights, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1221, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1936; Cairns, Qld, 1937); bank clerk (Wynnum, Qld, 1943); clerk (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954-1963); bank manager (Tarragindi, Qld, 1968); manager (Stafford Heights, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WORSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worsley|Worsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Ansley Worsley|Worsley, Harold Ansley or Annesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L26G-17S] - 1905(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3EU Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2035, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1928); letter carrier (St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1968); messenger (Caulfield North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WORSWICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worswick|Robert Worswick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Victor Worswick|Worswick, Horace Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4T-NN4] - 1908(Eng)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 2VW Sydney (Concord West, 1931-1939); 3VI Melbourne (Ringwood, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954-1975; Mont Albert, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 727, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Concord, NSW, 1930-1937; Auburn, Vic, 1943; Ringwood, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''WORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Worth|Worth, Sydney or Sidney Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBH-5Z3] - 1905(WA)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6SW Perth (Rivervale, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 958, 1927; 2COCP 223, 1930; 1COCP 226, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1931); wireless operator (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1958)

===''WRAITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward James Crawford Wraith|Wraith, Edward James Crawford &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KV2C-11D] - 1862(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Early wireless experimenter

===''WRATTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mervyn James Wratten|Wratten, Mervyn James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-DV8] - 1918(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4MW Ipswich (Brassall, 1937-1939; North Ipswich, 1946-1947; Brassall, 1948-1980+); 4LX Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1932, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Ipswich ARC); military (WW2, CMF, AIF); employment (Cribb &amp; Foote, manager, radio section); business proprietor (Avon Theatre) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Brassall, Qld, 1943-1977; North Ipswich, Qld, 1980)

===''WRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wray|Wray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Milroy Percy Wray|Wray, Ronald Milroy Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-QYM] - 1909(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2WX Sydney (Hurstville, 1929-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 472, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hurstville, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1935-1937); biograph assistant (Hurstville, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''WREFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roger Norman Wreford|Wreford, Roger Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-N2X] - 1909(WA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2ADC Broken Hill (1936-1937); 5RW Adelaide (Blackwood, 1938-1939; Mitcham, 1947-1954; South Brighton, 1955-1960; Crafers, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1714, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5DW-6IW Arthur Franklin Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1936; Blackwood, SA, 1939; Mitcham, SA, 1941-1943)
* [[/Arthur Franklin Wreford|Wreford, Arthur Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3V1-92S] - 1898(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5DW Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1937-1939; Cumberland, 1947-1954); 6IW Perth (Armadale, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2037, 1937, SA; 2COCP 452, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Brother of 2ADC-5RW Roger Norman Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Kensington Gardens, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941; Cumberland, SA, 1943); civil servant (Gosnells, WA, 1954); technician (Armadale, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://discoveringanzacs.naa.gov.au/browse/person/133040 NAA]

===''WRIEDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Sjoberg Albert Wriede|Wriede, George Sjoberg Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKG2-VK8] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4DJ Receive Caboolture (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Cooroy, 1921; Miriam Vale, 1925-1958); retired (Gladstone, 1963)
===''WRIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wright|Wright, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Wright|Wright, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SS Receive Scarborough (1923); 2SS Scarborough (1924-1925); 2SS Coledale (1926-1933); 2SS Coolah (1933); 2SE Scarborough (1935-1936); 2SE Louth/Bourke (1937-1938); 2SE Walgett (1939); 2SE Willow Tree (1946); 2SE Stanmore (1947-1950); 2SE Sydney (Guildford, 1954-1961); 2SE Quirindi (1965) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 118, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous Albert Edward Wrights in NSW, needs specific data to identify - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2SS-2SE - Albert Edward Wright&quot;

* [[/Arthur Milford Wright|Wright, Arthur Milford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ9-JR6] - 1894(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XNF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914); 3CL Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1922); 2779 Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1915-1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1963)

* [[/A. W. H. Wright|Wright, A. W. H. &quot;Bill&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 5BW Adelaide, 3AAW, 4TU Garbutt (-1950+, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Collis Page Wright|Wright, Collis Page]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1P-P9L] - 1912(Tas)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7LZ Launceston (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1099, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Launceston, 1936-1937); salesman (Launceston, 1943); draper (Launceston, 1949-1968)

* [[/Eric John Wright|Wright, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-P2G] - 1904(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Brisbane (Annerley, 1936-1939; Windsor, 1947; Buranda, 1948; Annerley, 1954; Buranda, 1955-1956; Ekibin, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1816, 1936, Qld; 3COCP 1471, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1943; Annerley, Qld, 1949); waterside worker (Ekibin, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Harold Wright|Wright, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF95-LW1] - 1910(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6FR Perth (Buckland Hill, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, 1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1809, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Buckland Hill, WA, 1936; Mosman Park, WA, 1943-1963) 

* [[/Norman Hugh Wright|Wright, Norman Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G536-XM7] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XFQ Sydney (Mosman, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: shunter (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/William Wright|Wright, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WG-PLV] - 1893(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 323, 1927, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: driver (Terang, Vic, 1914-1963)

* [[/William Henry Hilsdon Wright|Wright, William Henry Hilsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVF-RKL] - 1905(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4FA Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Murrays Creek, 1930; Ballandean, 1937-1949); teacher (Toowoomba, 1954-1963)

===''WYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert John Hemingway Wyle|Wyle, Albert John Hemingway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3J-6L7] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6BW Perth (Shenton Park, 1937-1939; Nedlands, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1865, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1968); salesman (Dalkeith, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WYNNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Agar Wynne|Wynne, Agar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-6CN] - 1850(Eng)-1934(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1913-1914)
* [[/Alfred Percy Wynne|Wynne, Alfred Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L858-Q52] - 1885(Qld)-1966(Qld) - proprietor music business (Wynne's Music, Maryborough), proprietor broadcasting station (4MB Maryborough) - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Paddington, Qld, 1908; Mooloolah, Qld, 1909); commercial traveller (Mooloolah, Qld, 1912); piano tuner (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); salesman (Brisbane, Qld, 1916-1917; Mooloolah, Qld, 1919; Maryborough, Qld, 1919-1925); music store proprietor (Maryborough, Qld, 1928-1949); business manager (Maryborough, Qld, 1963)

=='''X'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

=='''Y'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''YATES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yates|Yates, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Gladstone Yates|Yates, Arthur Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZQ-6WH] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZP Inverell (1931-1936); 2ZP Sydney (Camperdown, 1937); 2ZP Inverell (1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 815, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943-1958); radio serviceman (Inverell, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gordon Yates|Yates, Kenneth Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-CJ3] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (Cottonville, 1939, 1947-1954; Westbourne Park, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2371, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Cottonville, SA, 1939-1943) 

* [[/Reginald Colin Yates|Yates, Reginald Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-QX6] - 1914(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 5RY Wyalla (1935-1937); 2AGZ Wollongong (1938-1939, 1947); 2AGZ Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950); 2AGZ Broken Hill (1954-1957); 2AGZ Newcastle (Hamilton, 1958-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1474, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1954); chartered electrical engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1958); professional engineer (Charlestown, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''YEATES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Melville Yeates|Yeates, Henry Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G698-PXG] - 1912(Tas)-1980(???) - Licences: 7HY Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1621, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical contractor (Launceston, 1949-1954); salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''YORSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Sutherland Yorston|Yorston, Ernest Sutherland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY8-46D] - 1909(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 299, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); sales (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); manufacturer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1963); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''YOUNG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Young|Young, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Arthur Young|Young, Alan Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CV7-R6T] - 1912(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YA Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; North Essendon, 1947-1948; Glenroy, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1924, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 237, 1939; 1COCP 349, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Monee Ponds, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1958-1963); textiler (Geelong, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Crawford Addison Young|Young, Crawford Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3C-DQT] - 1914(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6CY Perth (Fremantle, 1934-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1265, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943-1968)

* [[/Geoffrey Carl Young|Young, Geoffrey Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HD-8W5] - 1912(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2FN Newcastle (New Lambton, 1933; CBD, 1934-1936); 2FN Orange (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1124, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (New Lambton, NSW, 1934; Newcastle, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Orange, NSW, 1936-1937); manager (Newcastle, NSW, 1943-1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Horace Stewart Young|Young, Horace Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGH6-K25] - 1921(WA)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AMZ Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947; Dulwich Hill, 1948; Narwee, 1950-1961; Bexley, 1965-1975); 2AMZ Woy Woy (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2342, 1939, NSW; COCP2 1063, 1946; COCP1 1149, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); PMG employee (Narwee, NSW, 1949-1954); radio inspector (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1958-1963); public servant (Inaloo, WA, 1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968; Oakleigh South, Vic, 1972-1977); ?? (Woy Woy, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ian Neville Campbell Young|Young, Ian Neville Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-5G8] - 1917(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2OS Muswellbrook (1955-1958); 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1664, 1936, NSW; BOCP 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Thornton, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Ivan Harold Young|Young, Ivan Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L118-BVF] - 1910(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4YG Brisbane (Albion) (1930-1939); 4YH Brisbane (Mitchelton) (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 708, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 315, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio technician (Mission Control Station, Thursday Island) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Albion, 1931-1937); public servant (Newmarket, 1943; Mitchelton, 1949-1980)

* [[/James Lyle Young|Young, James Lyle &quot;Jim&quot;]] - 1897(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 2CH Receive Corowa (1922); 2JL Corowa (1926-1927); 2JL Coolamon (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 473, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless student (1918); WW1 (Applied, not called up) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1919); grazier (Coolamon, NSW, 1930-1937); farmer (East Doncaster, Vic, 1943)

* [[/James Wolstenholme Young|Young, James Wolstenholme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TQ-Z2R] - 1909(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Turramurra, 1925-1934; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2JY Katoomba (1946); 2JY Sydney (Mona Vale, 1947-1948; Willoughby, 1950-1961; Middle Cove, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 189, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: articled clerk (Turramurra, 1932-1934), solicitor (Roseville, 1937; Katoomba, 1943; Willoughby, 1954-1977)

* [[/John William Young|Young, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6RN-2XX] - 1906(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4JY Brisbane (Rosalie, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Rosalie, 1938; Coorparoo, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 752, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Rosalie, 1931); clerk (Sandgate, 1936); storeman (Rosalie, 1937; Coorparoo, 1943-1963); commercial traveller (Coorparoo, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Walter Young|Young, Kenneth Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ5-Y2S] - 1920(Vic)-2016(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3AKY Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1955; Elwood, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2424, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); grocer (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Laurence George Young|Young, Laurence George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH6-2J6] - 1908(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JN Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937; East Malvern, 1938-1939; Burwood, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1032, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Sandringham, Vic, 1934; Gardiner, Vic, 1937); fibro plasterer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); manufacturer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1954); builder (Springvale North, Vic, 1963-1968; Mulgrave, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Anderson Young|Young, William Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89P-B3K] - 1897(Sct)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (West End, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 330, 1927, No. 34 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boot employee (West End, 1925-1937); bootmaker (Ashgrove, 1943-1954)

===''YOUNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Younger|Younger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Younger|Younger or Yungherr (Electoral Rolls) or Jungherr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX1-ZV7] - 1900(Qld)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Pelaw Main (1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1102, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wheeler (Pelaw Main, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''YUILE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yuile|Yuile, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Henry Thomas Yuile|Yuile, Robert Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLQX-3DN] - 1907(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1946-1965; Baulkham Hills, 1969); 2HU Pretty Beach (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2408, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Granville, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); supervisor (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1968); retired (Pretty Beach, NSW, 1980)

=='''Z'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ZANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zander|Zander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Charles Andrew Zander|Zander, Albert Charles Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBP2-Z3F] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2175, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ZECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zech|Zech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Zech|Zech, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-YJG] - 1893(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XABQ Sydney (Annandale, 1912-1914); 2DL Sydney (Annandale, 1922, Receive); 2WZ Sydney (Annandale, 1925-1927; Ashfield, 1928-1930; Stanmore, 1933-1934); 2ACP Sydney (Enmore, 1937; Como, 1938); 2ACP Katoomba 1939 &amp; 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 424, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken); no record of AOCP - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1933-1934); casual worker (Katoomba, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Katoomba, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABQ-2DL-2WZ-2ACP - William James Zech&quot;

===''ZEUNERT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zeunert|Zeunert, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ivan Zeunert|Zeunert, Stanley Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVX-Q15] - 1921(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Hamilton (1938-1939); 3SZ Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1954; Glenroy, 1955-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2124, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer's assistant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1967; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

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{{CompactTOC8|side=yes}}

Thumbnail Radio Biographies sorted alphabetically by surname

'''Many of the stars of Australia's Radio Universe'''

'''Covering the full gamut from hypergiants to brown dwarfs'''

'''Each lit the way forward to broadcasting in Australia'''

=='''A'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Abbiss|Abbiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ABBISS''===

* [[/John Edwin Frederick Abbiss|Abbiss, John Edwin Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZJ-6H9] - 1907(Eng)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Balmoral, 1930; Morningside, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 581, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Evans Deakin shipyards) - Halcyon: p. 83, Abiss - Electoral Rolls: engineering draftsman (Morningside, 1936); draftsman (Coorparoo, 1937; Morningside, 1949-1977) 

===''ABBOTT''===

* [[/Reginald Nicholson Abbott|Abbott, Reginald Nicholson or Nicolson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FTG] - 1897(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VR Melbourne (Alphington, 1923-1927); 3ABB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 273, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Alphinton, 1925-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949); technician (Caulfield, 1954-1977)

* [[/Roy Edgar Abbott|Abbott, Roy Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6MT-CZX] - 1902(NSW)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 2YK Dorrigo (1930-1931); 2YK Telegraph Point (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 668, 1921; 2COCP 179, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Dorrigo, 1930; Telegraph Point, 1933-1937; Mittagong, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Kingsmill Abbott|Abbott, Thomas Kingsmill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHFH-4FH] - 1891(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Wingen (1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely military) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Graziers' Assoc NSW) - Comment: beware other contemporaneous TK Abbotts - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Muralla, 1913); grazier (Wollongong, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/209607 Obit]

===''ABRAHAMS''===

* [[/Frank Abrahams|Abrahams, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G836-Y6P] - 1903(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6089, 1966 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (St Kilda, 1925-1931); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1935-1936; Malvern, 1943-1967; Toorak, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of Louis Henry Abrahams

* [[/Louis Henry Abrahams|Abrahams, Louis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GJ-GZP] - 1889(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1; director (Victorian Radio Interests Ltd); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: potter (Brunswick, 1909); tobacconist (South Yarra, 1912-1921); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1924-1926); burner (Brunswick, 1937-1942) - Relationships: brother of 3FA Frank Abrahams

===''ACKERMAN''===

* [[/Joseph Adam Ackerman|Ackerman, Joseph Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZV-49L] - 1911(NSW)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 2ALG Sydney (Carlton, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2ALG Wentworthville (1950); 2ALG Sydney (Parramatta, 1954-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2229, 1938, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Paddington, 1932; Annandale, 1933-1936; Kogarah, 1937-1943; Carlton, 1949); clerk (Parramatta, 1954-1958); senior supervisor (Wentworthville, 1963; Epping, 1968-1972); retired (Sans Souci, 1977; Hurstville, 1980)

===''ACKLING''===

* [[/Harold Daniel Ackling|Ackling, Harold Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD5F-8RK] - 1892(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2PX Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 612, 1930, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Randwick, 1913); machinist (Bankstown, 1930-1980)

===''ACKLAND''===

* [[/Robert Gernand Ackland|Ackland, Robert Gernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCB4-3X8] - 1912(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AJJ Sydney (Cremorne, 1938; Drummoyne, 1939; Cremorne, 1946-1950); 2AJJ Colah (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2090, 1938, NSW; BOCP 148, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (2CR Radio Station, Cumnock, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Cremorne, NSW, 1949; Mt Colah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Stanley Frederick Gloucester Ackland|Ackland, Stanley Frederick Gloucester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5PB-C2Y] - 1904(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Prospect, 1923); 5SF Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1931; Linden Park, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 21, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Burnside, 1939-1943)

===''ACLAND''===

* [[/Bruce Acland|Acland, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1K-4M3] - 1920(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2AJR Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2085, 1938, NSW; COCP1 411, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Awards: Civilian Service Medal 1997 (1939-1945); King's Commendation for Brave Conduct 1943 (Darwin Civil Aerodrome during Japanese Air Raids) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Concord, NSW, 1943); airways engineer (Doomben, Qld, 1949-1972); surveyor (Paradise Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ADAMS''===

* [[/Alfred William Adams|Adams, Alfred William or William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZV-LDY] - 1908(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3VJ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1960; Mt Waverley, 1965; Scoresby, 1975); 3VJ Tootgarook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1955, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); leather worker (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1967); storeman (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972; Tootgarook, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/David Joseph Monk Adams|Adams, David Joseph Monk]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-ZHF] - 1919(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2AE Sydney (Wahroonga, 1934-1937; Turramurra, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Turramurra, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Turramurra, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Francis Alexander Adams|Adams, Francis Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2S2-RVF] - 1904(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ER Sydney (Carlingford, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 973, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank John Adams|Adams, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-29V] - 1880(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XO Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3XO Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 155, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; manager - Electoral Rolls: motor garage proprietor (Brighton, 1913); garage proprietor (Elsternwick, 1919-1921; Brighton, 1922-1924); manager (Brighton, 1925-1954); nil (Brighton, 1963-1968)

* [[/Lyal Kenneth Westgarth Adams|Adams, Lyal Kenneth Westgarth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBR5-24H] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1947); 2LA Wollongong (1948); 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1476, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943); police sergeant (Wollongong, NSW, 1949-1954); police inspector (Goulburn, NSW, 1958; Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Austinmer, NSW, 1963); retired (Wollongong, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Peter Harry Arthur Adams|Adams, Peter Harry Arthur &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3N-XMC] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Sydney (Cremorne, 1923-1924); 2JX Sydney (Cremorne, 1927; Manly, 1929; Cremorne, 1930; Gordon, 1931; Woolahra, 1933; Epping, 1933; Cremorne, 1935-1936; Thornleigh, 1937; Waverton, 1938-1939; Denistone, 1946-1947; Avalon Beach, 1948-1950); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1954-1961); 2JX Sydney (Pymble, 1965-1969); 2JX Nambucca Heads (1975); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 380, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, 1933); labourer (Epping, 1934); engineer (St Kilda, 1934); radio engineer (Thornleigh, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1943); engineer (Avalon Beach, 1949; Wentworth Falls, 1958); retired (Valla Beach, 1972-1977; Wentworth Falls, 1980)

===''ADAMSON''===

* [[/Lawrence Arthur Adamson|Adamson, Lawrence Arthur &quot;Dicky&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRD-JLJ] - 1860(Isle of Man)-1932(Vic) - Licences: XJDY Melbourne (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Wesley College, South Yarra, Vic, 1903-1906; Wesley College, Prahran, Vic, 1909-1931) - Links: [[w:Lawrence Adamson|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/adamson-lawrence-arthur-4971 ADB]

* [[/William Kenneth Adamson|Adamson, William Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MLXZ-HX5] - 1905(SA)-1982(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923-1924); 5WA Adelaide (Parkside, 1925-1927; Fullarton, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 135, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''ADEY''===

* [[/William Ross Adey|Adey, William Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZN-D6P] - 1922(SA)-2004(USA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (St Peters, 1947-1948); 3AJL Melbourne (Ashwood, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2259, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Burnside, SA, 1943)

===''AGER''===

* [[/John Henry Ager|Ager, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6S-9CN] - 1904(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2181, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio mechanic (Musgrave's) - Comment: possible suicide - Electoral Rolls: general carrier (Youanmi, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1943) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44810878 Trove]

===''AGNEW''===

* [[/Robert Gordon Carlisle Agnew|Agnew, Robert Gordon Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKK-D8Y] - 1904(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6RA Perth (Nedlands, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 721, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1925; Nedlands, WA, 1931-1972)

===''AINSLIE''===

* [[/Robert Inglis Ainslie|Ainslie, Robert Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM77-441] - 1909(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6CF Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1968; Crawley, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AITKIN''===

* [[/William Aitkin|Aitkin, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-Y7B] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XLA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Pay Corps, 1915-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WAs - Electoral Rolls: banker (Caulfield, Vic, 1922-1928; Brighton, Vic, 1928-1954); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963; Camden, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''AKED''===

* [[/Edward Louis John Aked|Aked, Edward Louis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTC-T4Z] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AEU Lismore (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEU East Ballina (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1763, 1936, NSW; BOCP 117, 1937; COCP2 898, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (P.O. Residence, Ballina, NSW, 1943); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1972); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1980)

===''AKEROYD''===

* [[/Arthur Gordon Akeroyd|Akeroyd, Arthur Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F2-JXL] - 1890(Vic)-1948(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Meteorologist, Forecasting and Statistical Division, Victoria) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1915); meteorologist (Northcote, 1921-1937); civil servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/akeroyd-arthur-gordon-9321 ADB]

* [[/R. Akeroyd|Akeroyd, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCX Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''ALDER''===

*[[/Oscar Edward Alder|Alder, Oscar Edward &quot;Ock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ2-D3P] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4JB Brisbane (Albion, 1928-1939, 1946-1948; Chermside, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 423, 1928, No. 47 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wool classer - Halcyon: p. 28, 84, 137 - Electoral Rolls: student (Albion, 1919); wool classer (Albion, 1925-1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); warehouse assistant (Chermside, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Lake Valentine Alder|Alder, William Lake Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCD-Q24] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Receive Melbourne (Chelsea, 1923); 3JE Melbourne (Chelsea, 1932-1933); 3JE Yarram (1937-1939); 3JE Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 882, 1932, Viv - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chelsea, Vic, 1928-1931); mechanic (Coleraine, Vic, 1934-1936); radiotrician (Yarram, Vic, 1937); electrician (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942); inspector (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''ALDERMAN''===

* [[/Valentine Zerbini Alderman|Alderman, Valentine Zerbini]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVL-F8N] - 1893(SA)-1919(SA) - Licences: XVC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALEXANDER''===

* [[/John Douglas Alexander|Alexander, John Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9D-WFZ] - 1906(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6DR Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1931); civil engineer (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); contractor engineer (Maylands, WA, 1949); farmer (Chidlow, WA, 1954-1963); engineer (Salter Point, WA, 1968; Manning, WA, 1972); retired (Mt Lawley, WA, 1977)

* [[/Peter Alfred Hunt Alexander|Alexander, Peter Alfred Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL5-PS9] - 1923(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2PA Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2402, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Carlingford, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Talbot Meredith Alexander|Alexander, Talbot Meredith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1FJ-MZN] - 1888(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4TM Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1931-1933); 4TM Townsville (North Ward, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 315, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kew, Vic, 1912-1914); wireless instructor (Melbourne City, 1925-1926); superintendent wireless (Glenferrie, Vic, 1926-1927); sales representative (City, Brisbane, 1928); business manager (North Ward, Qld, 1936-1937); instructor (Paddington, Qld, 1943); commercial traveller (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949; New Farm, 1954-1958); retired (Moorooka, 1968-1977)

===''ALLAN''===

* [[/Angus John Allan|Allan, Angus John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2C-YWF] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5UL Adelaide (Ovingham, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2013, 1937, SA; 1COCP 458, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ovingham, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/John Allan|Allan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-PFG] - 1905(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Chermside, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1938, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous JAs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALLARD''===

* [[/George Mason Allard|Allard, George Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HT-JMV] - 1866(Eng)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman of Directors (AWA); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Honours: knighted; K.B. - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Wahroonga, 1930-1937); accountant (Wahroonga, 1943-1949) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allard-sir-george-mason-4999 ADB] - TroveTag: &quot;George Mason Allard&quot;

===''ALLEN''===

* [[/Albert Edward Allen|Allen, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69B-SGR] - 1902(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: 7PA Hobart (New Town, 1933-1937; Moonah, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1171, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 7AL Thomas Arthur Allen - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (New Town, 1928-1936; Moonah, 1937-1954)

* [[/George Alexander Allen|Allen, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3H-DJK] - 1891(Sct)-1965(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 49, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Keith Allen|Allen, George Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-SLR] - 1897(Vic)-1962(Eng) - Licences: XJDT Melbourne (Coburg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Air Mechanic, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coburg, Vic, 1922-1925) 

* [[/Kenneth Douglas Allen|Allen, Kenneth Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N5-19J] - 1907(WA)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 2GX Sydney (West Ryde, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 648, 1930, NSW; 3COCP 4263, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Royal Australian Engineers, Lieutenant, 1940) - Education: BSc (Syd Uni, 1933) - Electoral Rolls: student (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935); director (Woolwich, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Woolwich, NSW, 1943); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1963-1972; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977; Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gidney Allen|Allen, Kenneth Gidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-PHQ] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3UH Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1965; Chadstone, 1969; Clayton, 1975; Chadstone, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 809, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); radio (Malvern, Vic, 1967; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Robert Kelvin Allen|Allen, Robert Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTK-TH9] - 1916(Qld)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 4PR Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1634, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 13 Squadron, Pilot Officer; Army, CMF, 1939-1946); (Halcyon, p. 177) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/allen-robert-kelvin-404945/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10308870 AWM Honour Roll]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/617992 VWMA]

* [[/Robert Newstead Osborne Allen|Allen, Robert Newstead Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-BXM] - 1908(India)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6CC Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1968); retired (Gosnells, WA, 1977; Armadale, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Arthur Allen|Allen, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SQ-9YN] - 1916(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7AL Hobart (New Town, 1936-1939, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne,1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1738, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 7PA Albert Edward Allen - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1943-1954); director (Lindisfarne, 1963-1972)

===''ALLINSON''===

* [[/Lancelot Thirlmier John Allinson|Allinson, Lancelot Thirlmier John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L81B-F4P] - 1896(NSW)-1961(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 804, 1924 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radiotelegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931; Como, WA, 1931; South Perth, WA, 1936-1943; Broome, WA, 1949-1954); telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1958)

===''ALLISON''===

* [[/Clifford Millbank Allison|Allison, Clifford Millbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4C-2WN] - 1901(SA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Receive Melbourne (North Carlton, 1922); 3AO Melbourne (North Carlton, 1937-1939); 3AZC Melbourne (Sandringham, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 717, 1922; 2COCP 229, 1930; 1COCP 56, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Carlton North, Vic, 1926-1937); constable (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''ALLSOP''===

* [[/Raymond Cottam Allsop|Allsop, Raymond Cottam &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJLT-SNJ] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XCA Sydney (Randwick, 1911-1914); 2YG Sydney (Randwick, 1924; Coogee 1924-1929; Roseville, 1930); 2AYG Sydney (Roseville, 1946-1947+); 2NA Sydney (Roseville, 1961); 2BL Sydney (Roseville, 1965-1969); Receive licence obo New Systems Telephones (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW); broadcaster (2BL, chief engineer); journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1920s); military (RAN Volunteer Reserve, Lieutenant; WW2 (RAN, Engineer Lieutenant); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 (obo Broadcasters Sydney Ltd; federal public servant (ABCB, member, 1953-1954) - Honours: Coronation Medal, 1937; OBE, 1971 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1930); engineer (Roseville, 1933; Gordon, 1937; Roseville, 1943); electronic engineer (Roseville, 1949); director (South Yarra, 1954); engineer (Roseville, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XCA-2YG-2AYG-2NA-2BL - Raymond Cottam Allsop&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allsop-raymond-cottam-ray-9344 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199001.pdf EA]

===''ALLWORTH''===

* [[/William Murray Allworth|Allworth, William Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZC-8KW] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1922); 2CT Receive Yamba (1923); 2OE Yass (1936-1939); 2OE Foster (1946); 2OE Yamba (1947); 2OE Maclean (1948-1950); 2OE Grafton (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1598, 1936, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Toronto, NSW, 1930; Swansea, NSW, 1932-1934; Yass, NSW, 1937); inspector of fisheries (Forster, NSW, 1943); fisheries inspector (Maclean, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''ALSOP''===

* [[/James Guest Alsop|Alsop, James Guest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WM-V9K] - 1904(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Sydney (Lakemba, 1932-1937); 2ACY Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 909, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CY amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2CY Canberra National service - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/John Russell Alsop|Alsop, John Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB3-WXQ] - 1906(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MI Melbourne (Kew, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 76, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Kew, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1958-1972)

===''ALTMAN''===

* [[/Louis Altman|Altman, Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCK-3PN] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Sydney (Bexley, 1931-1933; Lakemba, 1934-1939, 1946-1961; Pymble, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 851, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1949); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1963; Pymble, NSW, 1968)

===''AMBLER''===

* [[/Sydney Charles Ambler|Ambler, Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWD-Y9L] - 1892(NSW)-1956(WA) - Licences: XYAE Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 891, 1925; 2COCP 72, 1929; 1COCP 158, 1938 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (East Perth, WA, 1921; North Perth, WA, 1925); wireless telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1934-1943); radio telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1949); radio telephonist (Esperance, WA, 1954)

===''AMES''===

* [[/Clement Edgar Ames|Ames, Clement Edgar &quot;Clem&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDX-JF8] - 1889(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: XVG Adelaide (Torrensville, 1913-1914); 5AV Adelaide (Kent Town, 1923; Hindmarsh, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - Radio Activity: early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operator 5WI (1925) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Allenby Gardens, 1939-43) - TroveTag: &quot;XVG-5AV - Clement Edgar Ames&quot;

===''AMOR''===

* [[/Herbert Roy Amor|Amor, Herbert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQ6-6ZW] - 1910(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3LB Colac (1931-1933); 3LB Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3LB Marengo (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 844, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Colac, Vic, 1931); airman (Preston, Vic, 1937-1942; RAAF Darwin, NT, 1949); RAAF (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Marengo, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ANCHER''===

* [[/Norman Leslie Finion Ancher|Ancher, Norman Leslie Finion or Tinian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-MCQ] - 1910(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 5NA Adelaide (Mile End, 1937-1939); 2NH Sydney (Lindfield, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948-1954; Cremorne, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2057, 1937, SA; BOCP 476, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1934); sound engineer (West Maitland, NSW, 1936); engineer (Mile End, SA, 1939; Rose Park, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1972); technical officer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ANDERSON''===

* [[/Alexander Ronald Anderson|Anderson, Alexander Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-L6J] - 1914(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5GM Adelaide (Eastwood, 1936-1939, 1947; Payneham South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1700, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Eastwood, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Oswald Anderson|Anderson, Andrew Oswald &quot;Oswald&quot;, &quot;Andy&quot;, &quot;A.O.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-Z8L] - 1885(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, 1913); manager (Rose Bay, 1930; Vaucluse, 1934-1935) - Links: [https://ozvta.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/anderson-oswald-1062017.pdf Bio]

* [[/Eric William Alfred Anderson|Anderson, Eric William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WX-744] - 1908(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3KH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1928-1931; Glen Iris, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 424, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); engineer (Camberwell, 1943; Glen Iris, 1949-1968; Burwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Evan Anderson|Anderson, Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8K-87V] - 1902(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EA Port Welshpool (1937-1939); Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1880, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Abbotsford, Vic, 1925-1926); wireless mechanic (Meeniyan, Vic, 1928); fisherman (Port Welshpool, Vic, 1936-1943); inspector D.A.P. (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/F. W. Anderson|Anderson, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LE Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1922); 965 Sydney (Bondi, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frederic Brian Anderson|Anderson, Frederic Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YN-TYJ] - 1918(Eng)-2008(SA)90yo - Licences: 5FA Tanunda (1934-1939); 5FA Waikerie (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1351, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tanunda, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/G. R. Anderson|Anderson, G. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Gilberton, 1923); 5GA Adelaide (Highgate, 1931-1933; Myrtle Bank, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Shields Anderson|Anderson, James Shields]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSG-BYJ] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Preston, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2357, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1926-1931); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1934-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

* [[/John Francis Anderson|Anderson, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JJ-WFL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JA Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3JA Nullawarre (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 661, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Warrnambool, 1936; Nullawarre, 1937-1980)- Comment: Several contemporaneous JFAs

* [[/Keith Sydney Anderson|Anderson, Keith Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-8J9] - 1911(WA)-1944(Vic) - Licences: 6KS Perth (North Perth, 1935); 6KS Mt Magnet (1937); 6KS Perth (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1487, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd/1st Infantry Battalion, Private) - Electoral rolls: bank officer (Mt Magnet, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/618137 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1691738 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10295040 AWM]

* [[/Maurice Bernard Anderson|Anderson, Maurice Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3V-WL9] - 1908(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1923-1924); 5MA Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1925-1928); 3AMA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 103, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; fitter - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/Percy James Anderson|Anderson, Percy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WN-6Y7] - 1908(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PA Melbourne (Westgarth, 1928-1933; West Preston, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PA Dooen (1965-1969); 3PA Geelong (Wallington, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 428, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Westgarth, 1934); engineer (Preston, 1936-1963); technician (Horsham, 1967-1968); retired (Wallington, 1972-1980) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3JR Christopher James Rainbow

* [[/Robert Arthur Crosbie Anderson|Anderson, Robert Arthur Crosbie &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-GZN] - 1908(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3WY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 691, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Camberwell, 1931-1949; Glen Iris, 1954-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Alexander Anderson|Anderson, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9F-F36] - 1906(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Harwood Island (1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1113, 1928 (Spark); COCP2 93, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Harwood Island, NSW, 1932-1937); labourer (Chatsworth Island, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''ANDREWS''===

* [[/Alan Robert Andrews|Andrews, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQW-6GJ] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Erson Leonard Andrews|Andrews, Erson Leonard &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55V-CD8] - 1916(NSW)-2016(NSW)100yo - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1947; Fairfield West, 1948-1950); 2BO Goulburn (1954-1980+); 2BBO Mossy Point (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2251, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenelg, SA, 1939); medical detailer (Fairfield, NSW, 1949); chemist (Goulburn, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Goulburn, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Howard Lyell Andrews|Andrews, Howard Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WQ9-H6M] - 1900(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HY Murchison (1936-1939); 3HY Melbourne (East Kew, 1947-1948); 3HY Hamilton (1954-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1840, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Koo Wee Rup, Vic, 1924; Neerim South, Vic, 1928; Tatura, Vic, 1931; Murchison, Vic, 1936-1942; Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954; Hamilton, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''ANEAR''===

* [[/Francis George Anear|Anear, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XLK-9D6] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5LK Carrow (1929-1931); 9WZ Momote, Admiralty Islands (1954); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1955); 3AGF Melbourne (Laverton, 1960); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 556, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as Francis George Anear

===''ANGEL''===

* [[/Henry Benjamin Angel|Angel, Henry Benjamin &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWW-K4Y] - 1891(Eng)-1998(Qld, 106yo) - Licences: 4HA Brisbane (St Lucia, 1935-1939; Enoggera, 1946-1969; Lota, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1503, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW1, AIF Signals; WW2, AMF, Navy); business proprietor (radio service) - QSLs: Entire collection held by SLQ - Halcyon: p. 51, 60, 81, 163 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919; Toowong, Qld, 1919-1925); carrier (St Lucia, Qld, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Lota, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Anscombe|Anscombe, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TL-7LR] - 1888(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: turner &amp; fitter (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1913; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914); mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); manager (Box Hill, Vic, 1927-1943)

===''ANSELL''===

* [[/Lewis Charles Ansell|Ansell, Lewis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLZ-T41] - 1905(Eng)-1983(???) - Licences: 2TO Sydney (Woollahra, 1932-1937); 2TO Newcastle (Waratah, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 2BTO Newcastle (Waratah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1028, 1932, NSW; COCP2 427, 1933; COCP1 331, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval wireless operator (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1931); police trainee (Woollahra, NSW, 1932-1933); constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Waratah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ANSLOW''===

* [[/Arthur Zeathen Anslow|Anslow, Arthur Zeathen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSK-ZHF] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Balgowlah, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Manly, NSW, 1930-1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1972)

===''ANSTEY''===

* [[/David Howell Anstey|Anstey, David Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHB-B3C] - 1906(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4DM Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2237, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Coorparoo, Qld, 1934-1937); taxi driver (Buranda, Qld, 1943); manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''ANTHONY''===

* [[/Michael Henry Anthony|Anthony, Michael Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK3H-6B7] - 1894(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); telegraphist (Prahran, 1921-1924); clerk (Oakleigh, 1934); railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); telegraphist (Sandringham, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Major Anthony|Anthony, Reginald Major &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYN-YWG] - 1908(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5CM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1937; Medindie Gardens, 1938-1939; Prospect, 1946-1960; Somerton Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 324, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Wilfred Boykett Anthony - Electoral Rolls: Nil

* [[/Thomas Reginald Anthony|Anthony, Thomas Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51Y-JSK] - 1906(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2HR Sydney (Concord, 1935-1936); 2AEC Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 2TR Sydney (Burwood, 1946; Kogarah, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1484, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2HR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2HR Lochinvar? commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1932; Concord, NSW, 1933-1935); electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Wilfred Boykett Anthony|Anthony, Wilfred Boykett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYJ-3HZ] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil identified - amateur receive operator, WW2 - Relationships: Brother of Reginald Major Anthony - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Netherby, 1939-1941)

===''APPERLEY''===

* [[/George Apperley|Apperley, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNQ-5XG] - 1887(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 704, 1922; 1COCP 237, 1931 - NZ Gov. Telegraphs pre 1910; British Colonial Gov, 1910-1912; AWA (from 1913; Chief Marconi Wireless School 1914-1916; Works Manager 1916-1919; technical superintendent 1919-1923; OIC Beam Wireless 1924; Traffic Manager, Beam Wireless - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1922); manager (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1943); engineer (Manly, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;George Apperley&quot;

===''APPLETON''===

* [[/William Thomas Traill Appleton|Appleton, William Thomas Traill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVQ-RR8] - 1883(Vic)-1916(France) - Licences: XJQ Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: ship owner (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1916) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/275799 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ARCHER''===

* [[/Robert William Archer|Archer, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55M-G19] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2UD Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1517, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1943-1958); electrical engineer (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''ARCHIBALD''===

* [[/Ian Wilson Archibald|Archibald, Ian Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-9LC] - 1902(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Receive Tingha (1922); 2KU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1928-1939, 1946-1955; Sans Souci, 1956-1965; Noraville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 457, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 2393, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1933); engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1936-1954); chemist (Sans Souci, 1958-1963); retired (Noraville, 1968)

* [[/Leslie Kirkwood Archibald|Archibald, Leslie Kirkwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS53-BDL] - 1920(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2155, 1938, Vic; BOCP 230, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Footscray South, Vic, 1949); finisher (South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Moorabbin, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ARGAET''===

* [[/William Stanislaus Argaet|Argaet, William Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-8Z8] - 1894(NSW)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4KH Brisbane (Wynnum, 1931-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (Wynnum bus service) - Halcyon, p. 87, 127 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, 1925); bus proprietor (Wynnum, 1928-1949)

===''ARGOON''===

* [[/Archibald John Argoon|Argoon, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4V-JQG] - 1914(SA)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3IT Melbourne (Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1319, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burwood, Vic, 1936-1937); broadcast mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1968); audio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ARMATI''===

* [[/Rex Gordon Armati|Armati, Rex Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2S42-XKH] - 1899(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1921-1928); salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1936-1943); employment officer (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1954-1958; Kings Cross, 1963); shipping clerk (Surry Hills, 1968-1972)

===''ARMSTRONG''===

* [[/Edwin Howard Armstrong|Armstrong, Edwin Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5ZX-354] - 1890(USA)-1954(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - USA inventor of the superheterodyne receiver [https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Club-of-America/Legacies-of-Edwin-Howard-Armstong-1990-11-Radio-Club-of-America.pdf RCA 1990 Special Edition]

* [[/Stanley John Armstrong|Armstrong, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4V-K7Y] - 1910?(NSW)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4ZK Brisbane (Enoggera, 1932-1933); 4SA Brisbane (Enoggera, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1004, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Windsor, Qld, 1919); clerk (Enoggera, Qld, 1922-1968)

* [[/Thomas Armstrong|Armstrong, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Q-GGZ] - 1895(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 217, 1916; 1COCP 132, 1930 - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD) - senior federal public servant (Superintendent, Wireless Branch, NSW, PMGD), promoted to role upon retirement of William Tamillas Stephen Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;Thomas Armstrong&quot;

* [[/W. E. Armstrong|Armstrong, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WE Mt Sisa, Misima Island, Papua (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ARNOLD''===

* [[/Albert Sydney Arnold|Arnold, Albert Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M2W-ZG2] - 1882(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XAB Sydney (Ashfield, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1913-1954); company secretary (Hurlstone Park, 1958); retired (Hurlstone Park, 1963)

* [[/Clifton John Arnold|Arnold, Clifton John &quot;Clif&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8B-GTM] - 1915(Tas)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3AJA Stratford (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2550, 1945, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stratford, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Edwin Charles Arnold|Arnold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8QX-H7J] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Receive Tamworth (1922); 2BY Tamworth (1923-1925); 2BY Coolah (1925-1927); 2BY Sydney (Manly, 1928; Mona Vale, 1933-1936); 2AGW Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 226, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mona Vale, 1931-1934), clerk (Balgowlah Heights, 1943-1968)

* [[/Ernest Noel Arnold|Arnold, Ernest Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84H-8J6] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Albury (1923-1924); 2OJ Albury (1928-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 452, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albury, 1930-1937); fruit merchant (Albury, 1949-1977)

* [[/John Bowman Arnold|Arnold, John Bowman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN22-6GS] - 1899(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: XJCL Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 350, 1918 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924; Gardiner, Vic, 1926-1937; Vermont, Vic, 1942-1963; Kew, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Leslie Grahame Arnold|Arnold, Joseph Leslie Grahame &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L853-R3J] - 1912(Vic)-1991(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Launceston (City, 1934-1939; Invermay, 1946-1956; Mowbray, 1960-1969; City, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1263, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Launceston North, 1936-1954); mechanic (Mowbray, 1968)

* [[/William Henry Redvers Arnold|Arnold, William Henry Redvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J7-SZ1] - 1903(Eng)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Wembley, 1936-1937); 6BA Katanning (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1762, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1937); electrical fitter (Katanning, WA, 1943; Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); fitter (Scarborough, WA, 1954); electrician (Scarborough, WA, 1958); engineer (Floreat Park, WA, 1963); electrical contractor (West Perth, WA, 1968; South Perth, WA, 1972); electrician (Australind, WA, 1977)

===''ARTHUR''===

* [[/Charles James Glendon Arthur|Arthur, Charles James Glendon &quot;Glen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-T62] - 1915(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences 4GJ Dayboro (1935-1939); 4GJ Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1450, 1935, Qld; BOCP?; 2COCP 493, 1941; 1COCP 639, 1942 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 80 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, 1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, 1949-1980)

* [[/Roy William Arthur|Arthur, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-FBT] - 1906(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2ADO Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1743, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wollongong, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1958)

===''ASHBURY''===

* [[/A. W. C. Ashbury|Ashbury, A. W. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ASHBY''===

* [[/Maurice John Ashby|Ashby, Maurice John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-L1C] - 1901(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4DH Receive Dalby (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 899, 1925; 2COCP 94, 1930; 1COCP 281, 1932 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dalby, 1922); labourer (Greenslopes, 1925); salesman (Glebe, 1933; Northbridge, 1935-1936; Epping, 1937); radio telegraphist (New Farm, Qld, 1943); planning assistant (Haberfield, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949; Thornleigh, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''ASHE''===

* [[/Reginald Bartley Ashe|Ashe, Reginald Bartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4C2-8ZQ] - 1895(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: XLF Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 4th Australian Division Signals Company) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern East, Vic, 1922); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1925); insurance inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1926) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1587219 AWM - Military Cross]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10187003 AWM - Lieutenant]

===''ASHFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Henry Ashford|Ashford, Herbert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13X-1V4] - 1876(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 6CM Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: batteryman (Jolimont, WA, 1912-1913); civil servant (Bunbury, WA, 1916); mechanic (West Subiaco, WA, 1922-1931); telephone mechanic (Kenwick, WA, 1936); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1937; Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1937; Canley Vale, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''ASHLEY''===

* [[/George William Richard Ashley|Ashley, George William Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF96-CMZ] - 1919(Eng)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6GA Perth (Carlisle, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 6GA Kalgoorlie (1955-1956); 6GA Perth (Mt Yokine, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2094, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlisle, WA, 1943-1949); communications officer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

* [[/Percy Ashley|Ashley, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6JV-FSN] - 1888(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely Navy qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naval Depot, Williamstown, Vic, 1914-1917); telegraphist (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1922); RANR (Footscray, Vic, 1924); telegraphist (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1925); CPO instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1926-1927); instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1931; Prahran, Vic, 1935-1937); labourer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); nil (East Shelbourne, Vic, 1954; Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1963-1967)

===''ASHLIN''===

* [[/Eric Robert Ashlin|Ashlin, Eric Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSRF-44C] - 1910(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4EA Brisbane (Annerley, 1931-1933); 4EA Toowoomba (1937-1939); 4EA Coolangatta (1946-1947); 4EA Bilinga (1948-1975) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 873, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Rosentengels, radio service); military (WW2; signals officer) - Halcyon: p. 73, 127, 163 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1943; Bilinga, Qld, 1949-1963); TV technician (Bilinga, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ASMUS''===

* [[/Hermann Johann Christian Alexander Asmus|Asmus, Hermann Johann Christian Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3P-959] - 1889(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3ET Melbourne (Footscray, 1933-1939; Melbourne City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1084, 1933, Vic; 2COCP 254, 1939; 1COCP 281, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Tambo, Qld, 1913); not stated (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); nil (Footscray, Vic, 1928-1937)

===''ASMUSSEN''===

* [[/Donald Wills Asmussen|Asmussen, Donald Wills &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-65T] - 1932(Qld)-2023(Qld)90yo - Licences: 4ZJA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1965); 4FA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1507, 1963; AOCP 4367, 1965, Qld - amateur operator; JOTA participant 1960s - Comment: Mentor to SSD - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958-1972; Mt Gravatt East, Qld, 1977)

===''ASPLET''===

* [[/William Cecil Asplet|Asplet, William Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-RZP] - 1919(???)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ALT Sydney (Rockdale, 1939, 1946-1955; Bexley, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2258, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943-1954); telecommunications technician (Bexley, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ASTON''===

* [[/Ronald Horace Aston|Aston, Ronald Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCXN-B4V] - 1913(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2418, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Eastwood, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ATHELSTONE''===

* [[/G. N. Athelstone|Athelstone, G. N.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5NG Central Australia (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ATHERDEN''===

* [[/Francis Anthony Hugo Atherden|Atherden, Francis Anthony Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KQ-BGB] - 1913(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AEH Broken Hill (1936-1938); 2AEH Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Kyeemagh, 1948; Kogarah, 1950-1969); 2AEH Sussex Inlet (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1754, 1936, NSW; COCP3 N354, 1969 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Harcourt, NSW, 1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); radio technician (Kyeemagh, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Kogarah, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Sussex Inlet South, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ATKINS''===

* [[/Kenneth Joseph Atkins|Atkins, Kenneth Joseph &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXH-NW7] - 1912(Eng)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (Semaphore, 1932-1939; Woodville Park, 1946-1948; Eden Hills, 1954; Blackwood Park, 1955-1960; Campbelltown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 910, 1932, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 415, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Dept. Civil Aviation) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Semaphore, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Morton Atkins|Atkins, Leslie Morton &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCTV-T5T] - 1876(Vic)-1949(WA) - Licences: 4LA Townsville (1924-1926); 5LA Adelaide (Magill, 1926-1931; Tusmore, 1933; Erindale, 1937-1939); seems to have operated in Townsville as 4GD ca Nov 1924? - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (telegraphist, east-west overland telegraph, Eucla, 1910); engineer (PMGD, divisional engineer) - Halcyon: AOCP Townsville 1925, p. 88 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1903-1910; Victoria Park, 1912-1916); district engineer (Townsville, 1919-1925); engineer (Tusmore, 1939); retired (Lismore Base Hospital, NSW, 1943)

===''ATKINSON''===

* [[/John Marshall Atkinson|Atkinson, John Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89L-C6R] - 1906(Eng)-1999(ACT) - Licences: 2RZ Sydney (Mosman, 1927-1930; Carrs Park, 1931-1936; Glebe, 1937; Chippendale, 1938-1939); 4RZ Labrador (1955); 4RZ Gatton (1956-1960); 4RZ Southport (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 331, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); organiser (Darlinghurst, 1943); shopkeeper (Gatton, 1958-1963; Labrador, 1968); retired (Southport, 1972-1980)

* [[/Noel Whittaker Atkinson|Atkinson, Noel Whittaker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2XX-V88] - 1908(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4WK Brisbane (1929); 4NA Brisbane (1930-1935, Check); 4BT Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1946-1965+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 530, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio sales &amp; service); federal public servant (DCA) - Withdrawal: - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camp Hill, 1937-1977) - (Halcyon, p. 102)

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Atkinson|Atkinson, Reginald Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V5M-WJC] - 1895(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1928-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 412, 1928, No. 46 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1919); accountant (Rosewood, 1925); timber merchant (Yeronga, 1925; Thompson Estate, 1937-1949; Southport, 1958-1963)

* [[/Robert Henry Atkinson|Atkinson, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-2P3] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6WZ Perth (Victoria Park, 1936-1939); 6WZ Geraldton (1947-1955); 6WZ Albany (1956-1965); 6WZ Katanning (1969); 6WZ Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1804, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1937); radio announcer (Geraldton, WA, 1943); broadcast station manager (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Albany, WA, 1958-1968); radio announcer (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AUGUSTESEN''===

* [[/Gordon Gerald Augustesen|Augustesen, Gordon Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-LF9] - 1915(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4JN Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1932-1939); 4XQ Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1960; Kenmore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1046, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, radar technician); business proprietor (Telair) - Halcyon: p. 85, 127 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mitchelton, Qld, 1943); manager (Auchenflower, Qld, 1949; Dorrington, Qld, 1954-1963; Kenmore, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''AULD''===

* [[/John Redmond Auld|Auld, John Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYN4-8D8] - 1914(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1708, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1943)

===''AUSTIN''===

* [[/Emanuel Maxwell Austin|Austin, Emanuel Maxwell &quot;Mannie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-98K] - 1909(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2KZ Kurri Kurri (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 477, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clipper (Kurri Kurri, 1930-1980)

* [[/Henry Lashbrooke Austin|Austin, Henry Lashbrooke &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4V2-LDC] - 1902(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BN Adelaide (Norwood, 1923-1928); 5AW Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 101, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Victoria Park, SA, 1939; Rose Park, 1941-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;5BN-5AW - Henry Lashbrooke Austin&quot;

* [[/Selwood Charles Austin|Austin, Selwood Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TVV] - 1902(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6SA Perth (Victoria Park, 1927; South Perth, 1930-1956; Maida Vale, 1960-1969; Morley, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 625, 1921; 1COCP 134, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother-in-law of Stanley Hogg - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Perth, WA, 1931-1958); police officer (Maida Vale, WA, 1963-1968; Kalamunda, WA, 1972); retired (Morley, WA, 1977-1980)

===''AUSTWICK''===

* [[/Ernest Dalton Austwick|Austwick, Ernest Dalton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHG-8V7] - 1913(Eng)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NW Sydney (Kirribilli, 1934-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Rose Bay, 1939; Dover Heights, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 437, 1933; COCP1 342, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kirribilli, NSW, 1937); engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); tv mechanic (Earlwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''AVARD''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Avard|Avard, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-RRL] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 620, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 88, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Northcote, 1925-1937); public servant (Kew, 1943-1977)

===''AVERY''===

* [[/Keith George Avery|Avery, Keith George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT31-7VC] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AMS Sydney (Harbord, 1939); 4KG Brisbane (Hamilton, 1947-1948); 2KJ Uranquinty (1955); 3AJV Melbourne (City, 1956); 4KN Ipswich (Amberley, 1965); 4KG Townsville (1969); 4KG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1975); 4KG Townsville (Yacht Panku, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2333, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1096, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toombul, Qld, 1949); broadcasting technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954); RAAF (Dickson, ACT, 1963); RAAF (RAAF Base, Garbutt, Qld, 1968; RAAF Base, Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''AYLING''===

* [[/Russell Newberry Ayling|Ayling, Russell Newberry or Newbury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G96N-91L] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1616, 1936, NSW; BOCP 37, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Dubbo, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); broadcasting (Ermington, NSW, 1958-1963); advertising executive (Beecroft, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''AYRE''===

* [[/Denys Randall Ayre|Ayre, Denys Randall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6H5-H32] - 1920(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3KP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; Box Hill, 1948-1954; Malvern, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1786, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1949-1954); architect (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''AYRES''===

* [[/John Alfred Ayres|Ayres, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55X-F9K] - 1913(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2IN Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1937; Hurstville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1502, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1937; Waverley South, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949)

=='''B'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''BACKHOUSE''===

* [[/Samuel Burder Stewart Backhouse|Backhouse, Samuel Burder Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB6Z-H55] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1969-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2070, 1938, Vic; BOCP 149, 1938; TVOCP 168, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963-1967; Caulfield South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BACKLER''===

* [[/Eric Lincoln Backler|Backler, Eric Lincoln]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV8Q-6SK] - 1911(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5HK Kingston SE (1933-1939, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1093, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Kingston, SA, 1939)

===''BADENOCH''===

* [[/James Herbert Lionel Badenoch|Badenoch, James Herbert Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-3XK] - 1913(NSW)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5LB Adelaide (Trinity Gardens, 1932-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1012, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BADER''===

* [[/Henry Adolphus Frederick Bader|Bader, Henry Adolphus Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97M3-V5X] - 1866(Ger)-1928(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman, Trading Committee, Wireless Development Assoc (Perth); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WDA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (North Perth, 1913-1926)

===''BADGER''===

* [[/Albert Victor Badger|Badger, Albert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9RY-9X6] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2YT Receive Sydney (Rozelle, 1923-1924); 2AB Sydney (Rozelle, 1925-1926; North Sydney, 1927-1929; Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1931-1934; Leichhardt, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 202, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Hobart East, 1919); picture operator (Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1934; Lilyfield, 1937-1972; Leichhardt, 1977-1980)

===''BAGST''===

* [[/E. D. A. Bagst|Bagst, E. D. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5EB Adelaide (Woodville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: individual not yet identified, possibly Elizabeth D. Bagst nee Boyle who married Leslie Bagst at Newtown, NSW 1925, possible YL operator

===''BAIL''===

* [[/Frederick George Bail|Bail, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-328] - 1917(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3YS Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1844, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3ABA James Oliver Bail - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Box Hill, Vic, 1943-1968; Box Hill North, 1972-1977)

* [[/James Oliver Bail|Bail, James Oliver &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-V6V] - 1914(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3ABA Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 1, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3YS Frederick George Bail - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-54); builder (Box Hill, Vic, 1963; Canterbury, Vic, 1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BAILEY''===

* [[/George Bailey|Bailey, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKW-8PX] - 1882(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5GB Mt Gambier (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 79, 1915 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retired (Mt Gambier, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Edward Bailey| Bailey, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-XSN] - 1916(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AGI Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939); 2AEI Sydney (Bondi, 1950; Kogarah, 1954); 2AEI Narrandera (1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1896, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) – Comment: Another contemporaneous GEB - Electoral Rolls: apprenticed fitter (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943); aircraft surveyor (Narrandera, NSW, 1954);  director (Narrandera, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Jack Harry Bailey|Bailey, Jack Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KG85-LZ4] - 1912(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4JC Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1299, 1934, Qld; BOCP 1902, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical mechanic (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1954); teacher (Tarragindi, Qld, 1958-1963); college principal (Mackay, Qld, 1968); principal (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972; Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Howard Bailey|Bailey, Robert Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLM-1X6] - 1917(SA)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5NW Crystal Brook (1936-1939); 5NW Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1947-1948; Huddleston, 1954-1960); 5NW Crystal Brook (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1764, 1936, SA; BOCP 673, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BAILUE''===

* [[/Ivan Bailue|Bailue, Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-ZTW] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TN Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1937); 2AEL Sydney (Randwick, 1937); 2TN Sydney (Waverley, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Randwick, 1955-1961; Engadine, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1395, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Randwick, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949-1954; Randwick, NSW, 1958); mechanic (Engadine, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''BAIN''===

* [[/Henry Murdoch Bain|Bain, Henry Murdoch or Murdock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY9L-721] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Werribee, 1937-1939); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1947-1948); 3CC Ballarat (1954-1956); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 123, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1931); wireless operator (Werribee, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Essendon North, Vic, 1949); RAAF officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954); RAAF (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/John Leonard Bain|Bain, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4V-6SV] - 1891(Eng)-19??(NSW?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 109, 1915 - ship wireless officer (pre WW1, WW1); journalist (technical editor, Listener-In, -1934+); clubs (IRE USA); WW1 (1916-1919); Associate Editor, Popular Radio Weekly (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Popular Radio Weekly, Victoria) - Education: B.Sc.(London) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1925-1936); journalist (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10688424 AWM]

===''BAIRD''===

* [[/Thomas William Allan Baird|Baird, Thomas William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKG-JVD] - 1886(Qld)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Receive Brisbane (Bayswater, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (AIF, 11 Field Company Engineers, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (North Pine, Qld, 1908); labourer (Bayswater, Qld, 1912-1913); storeman (Torwood, Qld, 1916-1943)

* [[/W. Baird|Baird, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIG Sydney (Hurstville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''BAKER''===

* [[/Alfred William Baker|Baker, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HT-9KZ] - 1917(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5BQ Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2373, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Claude Baker|Baker, Andrew Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-RZ9] - 1897(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 144, 1915; 2COCP 193, 1930; 1COCP 303, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917; Rockhampton, 1919-1934)

* [[/Charles Whiteway Baker|Baker, Charles Whiteway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL93-HYP] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3VP Receive Bendigo (1923-1924); 3VP Bendigo (1925-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 156, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 451, 1942 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a &quot;listener&quot;); merchant - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bendigo, 1927-1931); merchant (Bendigo, 1934-1968; Kennington, 1972-1977)

* [[/Edwin Weldon Baker|Baker, Edwin Weldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWP-F1D] - 1895(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4CI Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 733, 1922 - amateur receiver - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Northgate, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ernest James Baker|Baker, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-K5B] - 1904(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2FP Receive Newcastle (Maryville, 1922-1923); 2FP Newcastle (Maryville, 1924-1928; Wickham, 1929; Hamilton, 1930-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 69, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, 1930-1972)

* [[/Herbert Edward Baker|Baker, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-245] - 1875(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Charleville (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; grazier - Halcyon: p. 81, 111 - Electoral Rolls: station manager (Charleville, 1903); grazier (Charleville, 1908-1943)

* [[/Harold Graham Baker|Baker, Harold Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZV-F8J] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3GB Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1436, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, Lieutenant Commander, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943); student (Auburn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Frederick Thomas Baker|Baker, John Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY6-8XY] - 1908(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (Northcote, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 325, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1936; Preston, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Sidney Charles Baker|Baker, Sydney or Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZSZ-J4H] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1922-1924), 3BK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1925-1933; Albert Park, 1937; South Melbourne, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Bonbeach, 1955-1969; Seaford, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 177, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (South Melbourne, 1937); optical mechanic (Carrum, 1963-1972); retired (Carrum, 1977)

* [[/Thomas Despard Baker|Baker, Thomas Despard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSD-1Z3] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3DK Boonoonar (1935-1939); 3DK Melbourne (Sunshine, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1570, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Boonoonar, Vic, 1937; Koo-wee-rup, Vic, 1942); process worker (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1963; Albion, Vic, 1967-1972; Sunshine, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Walter Ross Baker|Baker, Walter Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CY-D78] - 1905(SA)-1978(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''BALDERSON''===

* [[/Loris John Balderson|Balderson, Loris John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-1RW] - 1895(Vic)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; RAAF (Flying Officer, Technical Branch, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: officer, RAAF (Footscray, 1924); flying officer (Werribee, 1925); flight-lieutenant (Werribee, 1931) - Links: [https://www.crossandcockade.com/uploads/Balderson.pdf Bio]

===''BALDEY''===

* [[/Kelvin Coxall Baldey|Baldey, Kelvin Coxall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LG-KYB] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 811, 1931, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1943; Mackay, Qld, 1949; Maryborough, Qld, 1954); bank manager (Boonah, Qld, 1958; Bardon, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BALDOCK''===

* [[/Alexander Baldock|Baldock, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BF-KQ3] - 1915(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3XQ Melbourne (Preston, 1933-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1196, 1933, Vic; COCP2 517, 1941; COCP1 559, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1937-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

===''BALL''===

* [[/Cyril William Ball|Ball, Cyril William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q6-7YH] - 1910(Eng)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1938; Brighton-le-Sands, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 747, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1936); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1972; Monterrey, NSW, 1980)

===''BALLINGER''===

* [[/James William Ballinger|Ballinger, James William &quot;Jerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKS-Z98] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NK Camperdown (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 953, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Camperdown, Vic, 1931-1980)

===''BALSILLIE''===

* [[/John Graeme Balsillie|Balsillie, John Graeme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7MR-7MN] - 1885(Qld)-1924(USA) - radio business proprietor, senior federal public servant (PMGS, Commonwealth Wireless Expert), inventor, (Halcyon, not mentioned) - [https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/balsillie-john-graeme-5117 ADB]

===''BAMFIELD''===

* [[/Alfred George Bamfield|Bamfield, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM19-HNG] - 1892(NSW)-1918(NZL) - Licences: XQJ Corfield (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Halcyon: p. 3 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Muttaburra, Qld, 1913)

===''BANCROFT''===

* [[/Dawn Bancroft|Coleman nee Bancroft, Dawn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5NB-S5X] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author (&quot;Adventures of a Radio Technician: My 50 Years with Telecom and the ABC&quot; &quot;This book is dedicated first of all to my father, Stanley John Bancroft, whose story this is, and all those other unknown and unseen radio technicians working behind the scenes without whom Radio would not exist&quot; - Relationships: Daughter of Stanley John Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

* [[/Stanley John Bancroft|Ryan (biological) or Bancroft (fostered), Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3X-W6M] - 1909(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Broadcast technician (2CY); federal public servant (PMGD, ABC) - Relationships: Father of Dawn Coleman nee Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (St Peters, NSW, 1931; Tempe, NSW, 1933-1937); broadcast mechanic (Reid, ACT, 1943); broadcast technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954; Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1968; Lugarno, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

===''BANKS''===

* [[/Harold Edward William Banks|Banks, Harold Edward William &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S7-3BT] - 1911(NZL)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7HB Hobart (North Hobart, 1938-1939; Richmond, 1946-1956; Penna, 1960-1965; New Town, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (New Zealand?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hobart North, 1936-1937); council clerk (Richmond, 1943-1954)

* [[/Stanley William Banks|Banks, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX94-6DH] - 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2SB Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939); 2ASS Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1122, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937); builder (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BANNISTER''===

* [[/Claude Bannister|Bannister, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8V6-GPZ] - 1892(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCX Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914; Balaclava, Vic, 1914; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1915-1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1919); farmer (Lake Boga, Vic, 1919-1934); sales (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); postal employee (Mansfield, Vic, 1943; Benalla, Vic, 1949-1954); nil (Benalla, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Keith Bannister|Bannister, Henry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCV-X6D] - 1898(Fiji)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XACU - Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Hambledon, Qld, 1921); sugar chemist (Racecourse Mill, Mackay, Qld, 1925); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1963); nil (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XACU - Henry Keith Bannister&quot; - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2152700 WW1 Nominal Roll]

===''BANYER''===

* [[/Ingram Banyer|Banyer, Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9F95-CYX] - 1893(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: XVQ Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Blackwood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BARBER''===

* [[/Samuel George Barber|Barber, Samuel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-66B] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1933-1937; Woodville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1232, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Woodville, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM, Berri, SA, 1941; Glenelg, SA, 1943)

* [[/William Henry Barber|Barber, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY4N-QRD] - 1897(SA)-1965(WA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cumberland, 1923-1925); 5WH Adelaide (Cumberland, 1926-1931); 5WH Port Pirie (1933-1937); 6DX Kalgoorlie (1938-1939; 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 266, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1937-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;5WH - William Henry Barber&quot;

===''BARBIER''===

* [[/Edward Alphonse Barbier|Barbier, Edward Alphonse or Alphonse Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-5TW] - 1904(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: 5MD Adelaide (Stockdale Reserve, 1932-1939; City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 958, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARBOUR''===

* [[/Kenneth Heyward Barbour|Barbour, Kenneth Heyward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-1VZ] - 1905(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZI Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: AOCP 105, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARDIN''===

* [[/William Frederic Bardin|Bardin, William Frederic or Frederick &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;Old Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSS9-TG4] - 1899(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (North Carlton, 1923-1925); 4AB Townsville (1925-1927); 4AB Brisbane (Fairfield &amp; Yeronga, 1931-1933); 2ABZ Sydney (Ermington &amp; Dundas  1937-1939, 1946-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 615, 1921; 1COCP 58, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); coastal radio operator (AWA); state public servant (4QG); federal public servant (Halcyon, p. 63) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1922); radio engineer (Townsville, 1925; Buranda, 1926; Fairfield, 1928); engineer (Dundas, 1936-1943; Eastwood, 1949-1968)

===''BARKER''===

* [[/Rupert Morphew Barker|Barker, Rupert Morphew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGH-7LM] - 1890(Eng)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 5RM Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1933); 7RM Hobart (City, 1947-1948; Lenah Valley, 1949-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in England) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; broadcast engineer (sound) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1936; Hobart North, Tas, 1937; Hobart South, Tas, 1943); sound engineer (Hobart West, Tas, 1949); engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954; New Town, Tas, 1963)

* [[/William Henry Barker|Barker, William Henry (R.?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHGY-243] - 1905(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Concord, 1923-1924); 2BW Sydney (Concord, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 217, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Concord, 1930-1943) - Comment: beware several contemporaneous William Henry Barker's

===''BARLIN''===

* [[/George Kenneth Barlin|Barlin, George Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2VX-DP3] - 1916(NSW)-2016(ACT) - qualifications (BOCP 67, 1937), long term employee 2CA Canberra, manager TV network

===''BARLOW''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Barlow|Barlow, Albert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-6YM] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2IO Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Miranda, 1946-1948; Sutherland, 1950-1969); 2BLX Sydney (Sutherland, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1336, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937); tester (Miranda, NSW, 1943-1949); storekeeper (Sutherland, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Edward Barlow|Barlow, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-2FL] - 1895(NSW)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 2GQ Receive Armidale (1922); 2GQ Armidale (1922-1926); 2GQ Glen Innes (1927); 2GQ Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1928); 2GQ Canberra (1929); 2GQ Mudgee (1930-1931); 2GQ Sydney (Cammeray, 1933-1934; North Sydney, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4, 1924, No. 3 in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mudgee, 1930-1932; Cammeray, 1933-1935; Milsons Point, 1936; Mosman, 1937); divisional returning officer (Bathurst, 1943; Mosman, 1949-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2GQ - Edward Barlow&quot;

===''BARNES''===

* [[/Alfred Joseph Barnes|Barnes, Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-P6M] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Bondi North, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1975; Telopea, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1562, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1934-1954); engineer (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Telopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric Harold Barnes|Barnes, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXH-29C] - 1914(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3DQ Melbourne (Moreland, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 739, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Edward Barnes|Barnes, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-856] - 1912(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2OX Lismore (1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1343, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937); telegraphist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); audit inspector (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Thomas Walter Barnes|Barnes, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z6-PZ2] - 1910(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3TB Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1929-1933; Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; West Brunswick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 537, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 243,1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ascot Vale, 1931-1936); mechanic (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1942); electrical maintenance (West Brunswick, 1949-1980) - Comment: another contemporaneous Thomas Walter Barnes (1893-1925)

* [[/Thomas William Barnes|Barnes, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CH-CY5] - 1913(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ABI Sydney (Undercliffe, 1936-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1950); 2ABI Wollongong (Fairy Meadow, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1608, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1943); lecturer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949; Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Valentine Leo Barnes|Barnes, Valentine or Valentine Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBCN-85J] - 1893(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1913); Receive (Valve Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3QE Melbourne (Brighton East, 1960); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified ca 1912) - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1925; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1967; Brighton East, Vic, 1972)

===''BARNETT''===

* [[/Cobrey Morton Barnett|Barnett, Cobrey Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN77-CTM] - 1907(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3VD Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1956; West Melbourne, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2204, 1938, Vic; COCP3 1595, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Parkdale, Vic, 1937-1954)

* [[/Frederick Stanley Barnett|Barnett, Frederick Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN23-CSB] - 1890(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XJDN Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: sailmaker (Williamstown, Vic, 1912-1919); postal mechanic (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1963)

===''BARRACLOUGH''===

* [[/Francis Barraclough|Barraclough, Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KL-MNY] - 1903(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4GY Brisbane (Kedron, 1933-1935); 4GX Brisbane (Kedron, 1935-1939; 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1075, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2); radio service (Palings) - Halcyon: p. 81 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Kedron, 1937-1972)

===''BARRATT''===

* [[/William Gordon Barratt|Barratt, William Gordon &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2N7-Y2D] - 1912(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Geelong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2126, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Geelong, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BARRY''===

* [[/John Milton Waugh Barry|Barry, John Milton Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS8-KQL] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 745, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1942); architect (Essendon, Vic, 1949); farmer (Casterton, Vic, 1954); grazier (Casterton, Vic, 1963); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1967; Learmonth, Vic, 1967)

* [[/William Lawrence Barry|Barry, William Lawrence (BMD) or Lawrence William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MK6C-NBK] - 1905(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: storeman (South Brisbane, Qld, 1929); taxi driver (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''BARTHOLD''===

* [[/Godfrey Lewis Barthold|Barthold, Godfrey Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKR-JWZ] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GL Melbourne (Malvern, 1925-1927); 3BT Melbourne (Malvern, 1931-1939; Glen Iris, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 210, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3GL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3GL Geelong commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1931); radio manufacturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BARTHOLOMEW''===

* [[/Charles Percy Bartholomew|Bartholomew, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CZ-8YR] - 1861(Eng)-1942(NSW) - Licences: XBM Sydney (Mosman, 1911-1914); 2FO Receive Sydney (Kirribilli, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; company director (AWA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Milsons Point, 1930-1937) - Comment: famously charged and convicted of trading with the enemy during WW1 but only slapped on wrist (together with Ernest Thomas Fisk and Hugh Robert Denison) - TroveTag: &quot;XBM-2FO - Charles Percy Bartholomew&quot;

===''BARTON''===

* [[/Edward Gustavus Campbell Barton|Barton, Edward Gustavus Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ57-87Y] - 1857(Vic)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; scientist; business proprietor (Barton &amp; White) - Halcyon: not mentioned) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/barton-edward-gustavus-campbell-9445 ADB]

* [[/Graham Francis Barton|Barton, Graham Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5P-KYT] - 1918(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5BN Mt Gambier (1937-1939); 5BN Adelaide (Unley, 1947-1956; Malvern, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1993, 1937, SA; 1COCP 1709, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hyde Park, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Richard McRae Barton|Barton, Richard McRae &quot;Dick&quot;]] - 1940(???)-2021(Qld) - broadcast engineer, director engineering FACTS (1981-2001), ABU Engineering Award 2004, Fellow SMPTE, contributed to development DTV standards, chaired preparatory meeting to WRC 2000,  [https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/oth/0a/07/R0A070000420001PDFE.pdf ITU Tribute]

===''BARTRAM''===

* [[/Graeme Bartram|Bartram, Graeme]] - historian (early Aus wireless: 2011 &quot;John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer&quot;[https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf])

===''BASEBY''===

* [[/Cecil Herbert Baseby|Baseby, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CP-K8C] - 1898(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Kingswood, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2311, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kingswood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BASHAR''===

* [[/Ahmet Tahsin Bashar|Bashar, Ahmet Tahsin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-TGF] - 1922(Cyprus)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (North Sydney, 1937; Cammeray, 1955; Crows Nest, 1960; Crows Nest, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (West Sydney, NSW, 1949); textile worker (Surry Hills, NSW, 1954; Glenmore, NSW, 1958); clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1963-1972); assistant clerk (Paddington, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BASIL-COOKE''===

* Frank Basil-Cooke see Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;

===''BASSETT''===

* [[/Francis Rankin Bassett|Bassett, Francis Rankin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQZJ-28Y] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2FR Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1928; Arncliffe, 1929); 2FR Singleton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 194, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother John Bassett - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Singleton, New South Wales, 1943-1980)

* [[/John Bassett|Bassett, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8M2-8XN] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2VO Receive Stroud (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 914, 1926; AOCP 232, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 78, 1930; COCP1 346, 1933 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother Francis Rankin Bassett - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Bexley, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1977; Nashua, NSW, 1977)

===''BASTOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Campbell Bastow|Bastow, Geoffrey Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-L6B] - 1916(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2UB Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936; Paddington, 1937-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1327, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: production engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Wahroonga, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BATCHLER''===

* [[/Charles Victor Batchler|Batchler, Charles Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4NN-FXJ] - 1897(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: XZJ Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Uncle of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: shift engineer (Waddamana, 1922)

* [[/Jack Copeland Batchler|Batchler, Jack Copeland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCSK-D8F] - 1910(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1932-1939); 3AJB Melbourne (1947); 7JB Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1948-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 957, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: nephew of XZJ Charles Victor Batchler; husband of 7YL Joyce Isabel Batchler nee Crowder - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Nelson, 1943-1949); no occupation (Nelson, 1972)

* [[/Joyce Isabel Crowder|Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-PKG] - 1915(Tas)-2015(Tas) - Licences: 7YL Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 1627, 1936, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL - Relationships: Wife of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Nelson, 1943-1972) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''BATE''===

* [[/Arthur John Bate|Bate, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKQ-PYC] - 1917(WA)-2010(SA) - Licences: 5ZA Adelaide (Adelaide City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1891, 1937, SA; BOCP 1481, 1956; 1COCP 2049, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BATES''===

* [[/Jack Lister Bates|Bates, Jack Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGK-238] - 1912(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4UR Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1947; Lutwyche, 1948-1969; Toombul, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1430, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, QSL Manager); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; WW2 - Halcyon: p. 12, 99, 137, 141, 145 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1943); labourer (Lutwyche, Qld, 1949-1958; Wooloowin, Qld, 1968); cashier (Toombul, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''BATH''===

* [[/William Alonzo Bath|Bath, William Alonzo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4X-T2J] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4YK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Geebung, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2150, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1937-1954; Geebung, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BATT''===

* [[/Cecil Henry Batt|Batt, Cecil Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLJ-5SB] - 1904(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bothwell (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 434, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bothwell, 1928); labourer (Melton Mowbray, 1936-1937)

===''BATTLE''===

* [[/Edmund Thomas Battle|Battle, Edmund Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6C8-G32] - 1890(UK)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener) - Electoral Rolls: teamster (Dorrigo, 1913); dairy farmer (Malanda, 1919); sawmill manager (Tumoulin, 1931); sawmiller (Ravenshoe, 1936-1937); timber merchant (Paddington, 1943); sawmiller (Albion, 1949)

===''BATTYE''===

* [[/James Sykes Battye|Battye, James Sykes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V7W-HL5] - 1871(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - librarian; historian; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, special committee, Western Australian Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: librarian (Perth, 1910-1937); principal librarian (Perth, 1943-1949) - Links: [[w:James Battye|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/battye-james-sykes-5156 ADB]

===''BATY''===

* [[/Richard Baty|Baty, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-BZX] - 1913(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MH Adelaide (Brompton, 1931; Pennington, 1937; Challa Gardens, 1938-1939; Lockleys, 1954-1969; Henley Beach South, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 757, 1931, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 160, 1934; BOCP 242, 1939; 1COCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Franklin, SA, 1941-1943)

===''BAUER''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Bauer|Bauer, Alfred Thomas &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MSCM-QB1] - 1908(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4AT Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1933) &amp; Cairns? - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 333, 1927, No. 36 in Qld; CPRTelephony 1119, 1928; 1COCP 92, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); state public servant (4QG); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 67, 86, 111, 127, 130 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cairns, 1936; Camp Hill, 1937); radio tech (Camp Hill, 1943-1980)

===''BAXTER''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Baxter|Baxter, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62R-CKR] - 1900(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BX Geraldton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1989, 1937, WA; BOCP 381, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: station employee (Lyons River Station, Carnarvon, WA, 1925-1926); wood merchant (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast station operator (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Laurence Baxter|Baxter, Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9698-Y9J] - 1919(NSW)-2001(???) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Cremorne, 1946-1947); 2AMB Sydney (Cremorne, 1948-1961; Mosman, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2410, 1939, NSW; BOCP 437, 1942; COCP2 902, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Withdrawal: 2NB amateur callsign possibly withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2NB Broken Hill national service - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1958); radio technician (Mosman West, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Roy Baxter|Baxter, Sidney or Sydney Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWX9-XWV] - 1915(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FJ Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1935-1939; Coorparoo Heights, 1946-1947; Cribb Island, 1948-1950; Camp Hill, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1569, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); employment (Trittons, radio service); business proprietor (radio service) - Halcyon: p. 76, 137 - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Camp Hill, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cribb Island, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BEAMES''===

* [[/Kenneth Beames|Beames, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQJ-L17] - 1899(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: N754 Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IB Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; wireless operator (at WW1 enlistment 1917) - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 1st/4th Signals Troop, 1st Anzac Mounted Division, 1917-1919) - Awards: 1914/1915 Star Medal; British War Medal; Victory Medal - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (at WW1 enlistment); manufacturer (Five Dock, 1930-1958; Linden, 1963-1980)

===''BEAN''===

* [[/Leslie Percival Reed Bean|Bean, Leslie Percival Reed]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHWZ-6ZZ] - 1884(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925); 2LP Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1928; Artarmon, 1929-1936; Pymble, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD (Elec. Engineer, 1904-1919); L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co (founder 1920-1926); Stromberg-Carlson (founder, 1927-1933+); Council IREAust - Electoral Rolls: electrical instrument fitter (Ascot Vale, 1909); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912-1915; Artarmon, NSW, 1930); company director (Pymble, 1933-1943; Roseville, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Lindfield, 1958-1968)

===''BEANEY''===

* [[/William Spencer Beaney|Beaney, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-263] - 1916(SA)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 4BV Rockhampton (1954); 5WB Adelaide (Plympton, 1955-1956); 4BN Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1960; Hawthorne, 1965; Holland Park, 1969); 4BN Warana Beach (1980) - Qualifications: BOCP 32, 1936; COCP3 1637, 1953; AOCP 3398, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice radio engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1941-1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1963); manager (Holland Park, Qld, 1968-1972); clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1977); retired (Kawana Waters, Qld, 1980)

===''BEARD''===

* [[/Ernest Gordon Beard|Beard, Ernest Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2G-25R] - 1897(Eng)-1968(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 304, 1939 - broadcast engineer (United Distributors; 2KY; 2GB); inventor; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as consulting engineer, 2GB) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northbridge, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Northbridge, 1936-1937); wireless engineer (Willoughby, 1943-1949); engineer (Forestville, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_hersteller_detail.cfm?company_id=12500 radiomuseum.org]

* [[/Norman George Beard|Beard, Norman George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9G-GSZ] - 1902(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 3DR Receive Balnarring (1922-1923); 2PK Wentworthville (1930); 2ALJ Sydney (Prospect, 1939; Toongabbie, 1946-1954; Brookvale, 1955; Dee Why, 1956-1961); 2ALJ Terrigal (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 583, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; TVOCP 25, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1930; Balnarring, Vic, 1931; Prospect, NSW, 1933-1937); RAAF instructor (Ballarat, 1942); teacher (Toongabbie, 1949-1954; Brookvale, 1958); retired (Terrigal, 1963-1972; Wendouree, Vic, 1977; Caves Beach, 1980)

===''BEARUP''===

* [[/Herbert Andrew Bearup|Bearup, Herbert Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLJ-B1C] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: V740 Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922); 3GT Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern East, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, 1925-1928); farmer (Bentleigh, 1934-1949); engineer (Highett, 1963-1967; Moorabbin, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas William Bearup|Bearup, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J7R-T9D] - 1897(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 224, 1916 - studio manager 3LO (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as studio manager, 3LO, Victoria); WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield, 1924); radio engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''BEATSON''===

* [[/Robert John Beatson|Beatson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSJV-2D2] - 1909(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4BB Brisbane (Wilston, 1928); 4BB Maryborough (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 394, 1928, No. 44 in Qld; AOLCP 173, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator (WIAQ); broadcast engineer (4MB); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 68, 139, 141, 163, 164 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maryborough, 1931); radiotrician (Maryborough, 1937-1949); radio engineer (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''BEATTIE''===

* [[/Herbert Spencer Meurant Beattie|Beattie, Herbert Spencer Meurant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ65-KTL] - 1888(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3DV Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1914-1927); salesman (Thornleigh, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1934-1936); agent (Cabramatta, 1943); auctioneer (Ettalong, 1943); no occupation (Fairfield, NSW, 1954-1958; Flagstaff, NSW, 1963)

===''BECHERVAISE''===

* [[/William Philip Bechervaise|Bechervaise, William Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVNP-4HQ] - 1831(Eng)-1907(Vic) - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), employment (Victoria Posts and Telegraphs Department)

===''BECK''===

* [[/Alan Beavis Beck|Beck, Alan Beavis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR7-N8Q] - 1911(Vic)-1982(WA) - Licences: 5XW Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 370, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Shenton Park, WA, 1937; Myrtle Bank, SA, 1941-1943); research chemist (Subiaco, 1949-1980)

===''BECKETT''===

* [[/Oliver Charles Beckett|Beckett, Oliver Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDM6-PC6] - 1907(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2184, 1938, WA; COCP1 371, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bencubbin, WA, 1931; Beverley, WA, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Carnarvon, WA, 1943); senior communications officer (Redcliffe, WA, 1954-1958); communications instructor (Carlisle, WA, 1963; Rivervale, WA, 1968)

===''BEDFORD''===

* [[/Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, Robert Arthur Buddicom]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC5Q-1KX] - 1874(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: 5RB Kyancutta (1924-1939; 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kyancutta, 1939-1941); retired (Kyancutta, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/buddicom-robert-arthur-5417 ADB]

* [[/William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, William Rudolf Buddicom &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Y3-X4Z] - 1909(Eng)-1972(SA) - Licences: likely operator of 5RB Kyancutta - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 1893, 1954 - WW2 - Relationships: son of 5RB Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kyancutta, 1939-1943)

===''BEECH''===

* [[/Frederick Sidney Beech|Beech, Frederick Sidney or Sydney &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-6BC] - 1895(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4FB Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1930-1939; Norman Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 629, 1930, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; jeweller - Halcyon: p. 75, 76, 90 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Bulimba, 1917-1919; Coorparoo, 1919-1972; Norman Park, 1977)

===''BEER''===

* [[/James Albert Beer|Beer, James Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTF-7PP] - 1890(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923); 2CW Sydney (Ashfield, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 191916-17; Signals Training Unit, Egypt, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''BEGBIE''===

* [[/Richard Begbie|Begbie, Richard]] - historian (broadcasting), journalist, radio clubs (HRSA)

===''BEHRMANN''===

* [[/Anton Ewald Behrmann|Behrmann, Anton Ewald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGM-BBC] - 1907(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2BD Sydney (Kensington, 1932-1933; Pyrmont, 1934-1936; Cremorne, 1937-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1955; Petersham, 1956-1957; Waverley, 1958-1961; Ryde, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 954, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Chippendale, NSW, 1933); butcher (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936; Marrickville, NSW, 1943); aero engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949); motor mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1954; Petersham, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1968); mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BELJON''===

* [[/Robin Ernest Beljon|Beljon, Robin Ernest &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-VR3] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2RB Lithgow (1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 259, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lithgow, 1930-1934); turner (Lithgow, 1937-1943); foreman (Lithgow, 1949-1968); retired (Lithgow, 1972)

===''BELL''===

* [[/Allan Charles Bell|Bell, Allan Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14G-3LN] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Bexley North, 1946; Lewisham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2414, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1936); radio engineer (Canterbury, NSW, 1943; Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1954); hotel proprietor (Paddington, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell|Bell, Francis Wirgman Dillon &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7QW-CM4] - 1896(NZ)-1987(NZ) - ZL4AA Waihemo, amateur operator, first to 2 way QSO New Zealand to Australia (Apr 1923), South America, USA (Sep 1924), England (Oct 1924, G2SZ); WW1 (gunner, France &amp; Belgium till invalided 1917) - Relationships: Brother of Margaret Brenda Bell, first licensed female NZ amateur - TroveTag: &quot;ZL4AA - Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell&quot; - Links: [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://www.soundarchives.co.nz/collections/catalogue/catalogue-item?record_id=222015 Sound Archives]; [https://www.zl4aa.org.nz/frank-bell-trans-world-radio-contact/ NZART Otago]

* [[/H. G. Bell|Bell, H. G.]] - 19??-19?? - 4HG Brisbane (South Toowong = Taringa, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 321, 1927, No. 33 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 111 - Callsign: later to Harry Brown - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Dudley Jack Benham Bell|Bell, Dudley Jack Benham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSZ-BFN] - 1908(Vic)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 3SN Shepparton (1934-1939, 1947-1948); 9SN Port Moresby (1948, 1969); P29JB Boroko (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1362, 1934, Vic; COCP1 359, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Shepparton, Vic, 1931-1937)

* [[/James Bell|Bell, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRD1-SY2] - 1918(NSW)-1991(USA) - Licences: 2ABO Sydney (Dundas,1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1615, 1936, NSW; COCP2 601, 1942; COCP1 629, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie William Gordon Bell|Bell, Leslie William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-RQ5] - 1904(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4CY Receive Atherton (1923); 4LZ Jubilee Pocket (1969-1975); 4LZ Airlie Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4471, 1967, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Danbulla via Atherton, 1925-1928); farmer (Jubilee Pocket via Proserpine, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Brenda Dillon Bell|Bell, Margaret Brenda Dillon &quot;Brenda&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPV-MP4] - 1891(NZ)-1979(NZ) - Licences: ZL4AA Waihemo (ca 1920s &amp; 1930s) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; first licensed female NZ amateur - Relationships: Sister of ZL4AA Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell - Electoral Rolls: spinster (Waihemo, NZ, 1914-1922; Shag Valley Station, Waihemo, NZ, 1928-1949; Waihemo, NZ, 1954; Shag Valley Station, Palmerston, NZ, 1957-1975; Palmerston, NZ, 1978) - Links: [[Brenda_Bell|Wikipedia]]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/speech/71/bell-recalls-her-brother-frank-contacting-england-by-short-wave-radio Brenda's recollection of Frank's first UK contact]

* [[/Robert Leonard Bell|Bell, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-CD5] - 1902(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1889, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ironmoulder (Collingwood, Vic, 1926; Preston, Vic, 1928); moulder (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931); driver (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1954); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Jellicoe Bell|Bell, Ronald Jellicoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHB-SXS] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Melbourne (Hampton, 1936-1939); 3MB Melbourne (Hampton, 1947; Cheltenham, 1948-1969); 3MB Harkaway (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1694, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937-1942); insurance official (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Cheltenham, Vic, 1972); retired (Harkaway, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Victor Frank Bell|Bell, Victor Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-FZ7] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6KR Perth (Subiaco, 1932-1933); 6KR Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6KR Perth (Nedlands, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 907, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936); postal assistant (Leonora, WA, 1937); radio engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1937); telephone mechanic (Lamington, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1954)

* [[/Vincent Stephanus Bell|Bell, Vincent Stephanus &quot;Vince&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-W8G] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4VD Rockhampton (Rockhampton City, 1936-1937; Wandal, 1938-1939, 1946-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1496, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; employed electrical business - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1936); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937-1980)

* [[/William James Bell|Bell, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CL-T2Q] - 1905(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1939; Tempe, 1946-1950; Punchbowl, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1085, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tobacco worker (Campsie, NSW, 1930-1943; Tempe, NSW, 1949; Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BELSTEAD''===

* [[/Roy Lempriere Belstead|Belstead, Roy Lempriere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1GN-CQF] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4EI Townsville (1933-1939); 4RU Winton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1182, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 304, 1940; 1COCP 420, 1940; TVOCP 87, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, Townsville ARC); state public servant (Qld Railways); broadcast technician (2KY); business proprietor (Belstead Electronic Repairs, Winton) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hyde Park, Qld, 1931-1937); radio technician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943; Auburn, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1963; Auburn, NSW, 1972); retired (Winton, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BENNETT''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Bennett|Bennett, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNP-GFM] - 1889(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager 2GB Sydney; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 2GB, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Mosman, 1930-1931); director (Mosman, 1933; Vaucluse, 1936); inspector (Darling Point, 1943); investor (West Pennant Hills, 1949); retired (Vaucluse, 1954-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bennett-alfred-edward-5207 ADB]

* [[/Aubrey Vincent Bennett|Bennett, Aubrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT5F-KQV] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2VA Sydney (Concord, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1514, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1930-1935; Concord, NSW, 1937-1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Clarence Herbert Bennett|Bennett, Clarence Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS5-CLV] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 449, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1909-1963); retired (Brunswick, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Patrick Curtis Bennett|Bennett, Patrick Curtis &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQW-8JT] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3NC Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1934); 3NC Hamilton (1937); 3NC Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 3APB Shepparton (1947); 3PB Shepparton (1948); 3PB Melbourne (Doncaster, 1954-1960); 2AJB Sydney (Westmead, 1955-1960; Roseville, 1961-1969); 2AJB Terrigal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1009, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 195, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1936-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943; Nunawading, Vic, 1949); engineer (Doncaster, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Westmead, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1968; Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Jacob Bennett|Bennett, William John Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-BDS] - 1906(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Shepparton (1932-1933); 3DR Mooroopna (1937-1939); 3EJ Melbourne (Lilydale, 1948-1975; Chirnside Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 982, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1928-1936); nil (Mooroopna, Vic, 1942); radio dealer (Lilydale, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BENOIT''===

* [[/Maxwell Alfred William Benoit|Benoit, Maxwell Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HC-MQX] - 1919(Vic)-1943(Thailand) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2401, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1939-1943) - Awards: Military Medal (1942) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1684287 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/619809 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11033902 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''BENROSE''===

* [[/G. S. Benrose|Benrose or Penrose, G. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DH Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BENSON''===

* [[/David Alfred Benson|Benson, David Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD6-W4H] - 1915(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948); 6VB Laverton (1969); 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1975; Bullsbrook, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2374, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (South Perth, WA, 1937); operator (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); technician (El Sherana via Pine Creek, NT, 1963); geophysical technician (South Perth, WA, 1968-1972); farmer (Upper Swan, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Jack Benson|Benson, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRL7-ZX6] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIC Sydney (Concord, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1997, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs; Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1937)

===''BENT''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Wattis Bent|Bent, Arthur Francis Wattis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-5V7] - 1902(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3AF Geelong (1924-1939, 1946-1960); 3AF Torquay (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 199, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio dealer (Geelong, 1931-1954) - Electoral Rolls: turner (14 Coronation St, Geelong West, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Geelong, 1928-1954); radio serviceman (Torquay, 1963-1980)

===''BENTLEY''===

* [[/Frank Ernest Bentley|Bentley, Frank Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93F-NPZ] - 1902(India)-1973(SA) - Licences: 5MK Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1931-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 833, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BENTZEN''===

* [[/Ivan Louis Bentzen|Bentzen, Ivan Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4X-6P4] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4SS Brisbane (Newstead, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 964, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Bulimba, Qld, 1929); mechanic (Valley, Qld, 1936); carpenter (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1949); garage proprietor (Lutwyche, Qld, 1954); carpenter (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BENWELL''===

* [[/George Tasman Benwell|Benwell, George Tasman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSB-T8M] - 1914(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3KQ Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939; Elsternwick, 1947-1948; Ormond, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1906, 1937, Vic; COCP2 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Order of Australia (Community Service, 1996) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942); accountant (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BERGIN''===

* [[/John Thomas Bergin|Bergin, John Thomas &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGP-GNM] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5JB Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1364, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Max Wulfing Bergin|Bergin, Max Wulfing]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M1-DCN] - 1900(NSW)-1983(Cook Isls) - Licences: 2YP Receive West Maitland (1923); 2YP West Maitland (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BERRY''===

* [[/Arthur Ingham Berry|Berry, Arthur Ingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WB6-6F5] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1954; East Malvern, 1955-1956); 3CZ Warburton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 595, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); architect (Kew North, Vic, 1943-1954); farmer (Warburton, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Berry|Berry, Harold Alexander &quot;Huck&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G869-8R6] - 1906(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (City, 1923); Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5JU Adelaide (City, 1930-1931; Keswick, 1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Kilburn, 1946-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 666, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: polisher (Kilburn, 1943)

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Berry|Berry, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG2-X6J] - 1906(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5DB Adelaide (Norwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1315, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Robert Henry Berry|Berry, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G342-ZR6] - 18??(???)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XQC Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; electrical business proprietor - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Rockhampton, 1912-1925); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, 1928-1968)

* [[/Roy James Berry|Berry, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQN-X6X] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NY Grafton (1933-1939, 1946-1969); 2BQD Grafton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1159, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: body-builder (Grafton, NSW, 1932-1980)

* [[/William Clive Berry|Berry, William Clive &quot;Clive&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBT5-3L8] - 1912(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Knockrow via Bangalow (1931-1936); 2AGM Byron Bay (1938-1938, 1946-1955); 2AGM Lismore (1956-1957); 2AGM Mullumbimby (1958-1960); 2AGM Byron Bay (1961-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 30, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 302, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Knockrow, 1933-1936); woodworker (Byron Bay, 1943-1954); contractor (Ballina, 1958); no occupation (Mullumbimby, 1958); manager (Byron Bay, 1963)

* [[/William James Berry|Berry, William James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D1-B78] - 1890(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4WB Brisbane (Yeerongpilly, 1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1295, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; instrument repairer - Comment: Several contemporaneous William James Berry's in Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1958-1963); mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1972-1980) -

===''BERTRAM''===

* [[/William Louis Bertram|Bertram, William Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDBP-NGS] - 1901(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: V738 Receive Rushworth (1922); 3GR Receive Rushworth (1922); 2KR Sydney (Waverley, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 920, 1926; 2COCP 97, 1930; 1COCP 34, 1934 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Rushworth, 1922; Brunswick, 1924-1928); telegraphist (Brunswick, 1931-1942); telephonist (Brunswick, 1949-1963); retired (Frankston, 1967-1980)

===''BEST''===

* [[/George Bransdon Best|Best, George Bransdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VQ-241] - 1918(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2QC Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1292, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (university student at time of death 1942)

* [[/Robert William Best|Best, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-F7Z] - 1916(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2TY Newcastle (1935-1939); 2TY Lochinvar (1946-1954); 2TY Sydney (Rutherford, 1955-1956; Hunters Hill, 1957-1958; Gladesville, 1960; Boronia Park, 1961; Gladesville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1587, 1935, NSW; BOCP 262, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broadcasting Station, Lochinvar, NSW, 1943-1954); storekeeper (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Wallace George Haydn Best|Best, Wallace George Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSF-YDK] - 1901(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2ER Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2ER Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Nephew of 2EU Arthur Frederick Peters - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brisbane, Qld, 1926); manager (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1949; Bardon, Qld, 1954-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2ER - Wallace George Haydn Best&quot;

===''BESTED''===

* [[/Julius Phillip Bested|Bested, Julius Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ6V-YSQ] - 1907(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Rose Park, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Salisbury, 1937-1939); 5CS Peterborough (1947-1948); 5CS Adelaide (Richmond, 1954-1960; Cumberland Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1995, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Salisbury, SA, 1939-1941)

===''BESTMANN''===

* [[/Walter Barrett Bestmann|Bestmann, Walter Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCM-JTY] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4BE Gympie (1938-1939, 1947); 4LN Gympie (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2242, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical foreman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BEYER''===

* [[/Johann Hugo Louis Beyer|Beyer, Johann Hugo Louis &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-WX2] - 1894(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XJEK Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1916-1925); chemist (Caulfield, Vic, 1927; Beaumaris, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BIBBY''===

* [[/Frederick Cyril Bibby|Bibby, Frederick Cyril &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH58-5XF] - 1911(Tas)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3OL Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1939; Camberwell, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 681, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 38, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Camberwell, 1943-1968); operator (Camberwell, 1972-1980)

===''BICE''===

* [[/William Russel Bice|Bice, William Russel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF48-PHT] - 1895(Qld)-1925(WA) - Licences: 6BX Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Claremont, WA, 1919)

===''BIDGOOD''===

* [[/Archibald Erle Bidgood|Bidgood, Archibald Erle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29WT-B4Z] - 1909(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2ALL Sydney (Willoughby, 1939; Dee Why, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: COCP2 270, 1930; AOLCP 26, 1930; COCP1 79, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1936; Willoughby, NSW, 1937; Dee Why, NSW, 1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1954; Toowoomba, Qld, 1958); postmaster (Pialba, Qld, 1969; South Pine, Qld, 1972); retired (Withcott, Qld, 1980)

===''BIDMEAD''===

* [[/William Ernest Bidmead|Browne, William Ernest Bidmead]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZM-N3K] - 1894(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XEB Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914); 2SJ Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; citizen's militia (25th Signallers Co. Engineers, pre WW1); AIF (WW1, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1936); engineering fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1963) - TroveTage: &quot;XEB-2SJ - William Ernest Bidmead&quot;

===''BILLAN''===

* [[/Leo John Billan|Billan, Leo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-P87] - 1906(SA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3BR Briagolong (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1205, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Boisdale, Vic, 1931); nurseryman (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); gardener (Prahran, Vic, 1963)

===''BILLINGS''===

* [[/Hubert Douglas Billings|Billings, Hubert Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WC5-G7H] - 1894(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: XJP Melbourne (Brighton Beach, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1921; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); auditor (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BINNS''===

* [[/Albert Binns|Binns, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDD-5DL] - 1895(NSW)-1918(NSW) - Licences: XCY Sydney (Mosman, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 2IE-2BJ Cecil Binns - TroveTag: &quot;XCY - Albert Binns&quot;

* [[/Cecil Binns|Binns, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-XTD] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2IE Receive Sydney (Kogarah, 1922); 2BJ Sydney (Kogarah, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 46, 1924, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 79, 1932; COCP1 378, 1940 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1st Division Signals Coy (WW1, 1916+) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1936); radio technician (Carlingford, NSW, 1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943-1968) - Relationships: brother of XCY Albert Binns - TroveTag: &quot;2IE-2BJ - Cecil Binns&quot;

===''BIRD''===

* [[/Henry Scorer Bird|Bird, Henry Scorer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWH-FTC] - 1902(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Sunshine, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Sunshine, 1924-1927); Government employee (Camberwell, 1928-1963); nil (Ashwood, 1968-1972) - Comment: 3HB callsign passed to Sunshine Radio Club 1924-1927 (prominent amateur broadcaster)
* [[/Leslie James Bird|Bird, Leslie James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X2-N4N] - 1897(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Armidale, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armidale, 1930-1935; Wellington, 1937); civil servant (Homebush, 1943) 

===''BIRT''===

* [[/William Andrew Birt|Birt, William Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBK-336] - 1907(WA)-1936(WA) - Licences: 6CU Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (North Perth, WA, 1931)

===''BISCHOFF''===

* [[/William Edward Conrad Bischoff|Bischoff, William Edward Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YT-QB7] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2LZ Sydney (Crows Nest, 1930-1937); 2LZ Wentworth Falls (1938-1939, 1946-1969); 2AKM Wentworth Falls (Portable, 1939); 2LZ Sydney (Naremburn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 568, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 12, 1936; TVOCP, 346, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Naremburn, 1933-1937); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1943); radio technician (Wentworth Falls, 1949-1958); tele. engineer (Naremburn, 1963); engineer (Naremburn, 1972-1980)

===''BISHOP''===

* [[/Clarence Elijah Bishop|Bishop, Clarence Elijah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZ9-G7S] - 1896(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6DD Receive Albany (1923); 6DD Albany (1923-1924); 6DD Northam (1924); 6LL Katanning (1936-1939); 6LL Perth (Claremont, 1948-1954; East Victoria Park, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1746, 1936, WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albany, WA, 1922); accountant (Katanning, WA, 1925-1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1954; Victoria Park, WA, 1958-1968)

* [[/Frederick Edward Bishop|Bishop, Frederick Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS3-GZQ] - 1882(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2FB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Kirribilli, 1930-1931); grazier (Mullaley, Gunnedah, 1935-1949)

* [[/Maurice Glanville Bishop| Bishop, Maurice Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDP-SVD] - 1908(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931); bank officer (Middle Park, 1935); bank clerk (Bank of NSW Quarters, Ouyen, 1936-1937); bank officer (Hawthorn, 1942-1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Bishop|Bishop, Reginald &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDJ-D3V] - 1913(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - politician; trade union leader; in conjunction with Media Minister Doug McClelland, oversaw the introduction of FM radio into Australia - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/bishop-reginald-reg-32171 Obituaries Australia]

===''BLACK''===

* [[/F. C. Black|Black, F. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None identified to date - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 297, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: awaits identification, Port Lincoln, SA in 1926

* [[/Rex Cleugh Black|Black, Rex Cleugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJZ-WY5] - 1912(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Sydney (Rugby, 1933; Auburn, 1934-1935; Greenwich, 1936-1937); 2YA Trangie (1938); 2YA Sydney (Ashfield, 1939; Belmore, 1946; Campsie, 1947; Liverpool, 1948-1950); 2YA Gosford (1954-1961); 2YA Kingsgrove (1965); 2YA Springwood (1969-1975); 2YA Kooringal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1116, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Greenwich, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Campsie, NSW, 1943); school teacher (Liverpool, NSW, 1949); teacher (Gosford, NSW, 1958; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Hughes Black|Black, Robert Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-2YK] - 1917(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QZ Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1947; City CBD, 1954; Hunters Hill, 1955-1975; Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1229, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Innisfail, Qld, 1941-1943; Baukham Hills, NSW, 1954; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958-1972; Strathfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Hector Black|Black, William Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8J2-TCS] - 1912(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3WB Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939); 2WO Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 663, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); bacteriologist (Mosman, 1943-1963); biochemist (Darlinghurst, 1968-1972)

* [[/William Sidney Neil Black|Black, William Sidney Neil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVJ-2XT] - 1921(Vic)-1998(???) - Licences: 2AKJ Canberra (Kingston, 1938-1939); 3QX Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2151, 1938, ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Berwick, Vic, 1949); engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1958; Blacktown, NSW, 1963)

===''BLACKBURN''===

* [[/W. T. Blackburn|Blackburn, W. T.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Home Hill (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Searched William, Walter, Wilfred - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLACKMAN''===

* [[/Herbert Howbery Blackman|Blackman, Herbert Howbery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2M-65N] - 1886(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: XOE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913); 3PR Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3PR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1924-1925); 3HA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1927); 3HU Melbourne (Ashburton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 211, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1909); mechanic (East Malvern, 1913-1916); soldier (Royal Park, 1917-1919); electrician (East Malvern, 1922-1928); mechanic (Burwood, 1931-1968)

===''BLACKWELL''===

* [[/William Blackwell|Blackwell, William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAN Sydney (Camperdown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: furnaceman (Camperdown, NSW, 1913)

===''BLADES''===

* [[/Lorne Deborah Blades|Blades, Lorne Deborah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN18-HW3] - 1910(Qld)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1069, 1932, Qld - YL amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (N/A) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alfred Blades|Blades, Ronald Alfred &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCS-L77] - 1916(Qld)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 4RX Toowoomba (1936-1939); 2VP Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1947; Ashfield, 1948-1950; Dundas, 1954-1955); 2VP Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956); 2VP Sydney (Balgowlah, 1957-1969; Seaforth, 1975; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1775, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 615, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); broadcast technician (AWA) - Comment: Two Ronald Alfred Blades born in Qld 1916, 4RX 27/3/1916 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Dundas, NSW, 1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1977)

===''BLAIR''===

* [[/Keith Andrew William Blair|Blair, Keith Andrew William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK4S-ZXY] - 1911(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2DX Balranald (1930-1934); 2DX Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1937); 2DX Bega (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 699, 1930, Vic; BOCP 276, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Balranald, 1932-1935; Randwick, 1936-1937; Bega, 1937); bank officer (Queanbeyan, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Lewis Blair|Blair, Russell Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HH-8Y4] - 1916(WA)-2010(NZ) - Licences: 2AJE Cooranbong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Christchurch, 1941-1943; Selwyn, Canterbury, 1946); teacher (Auckland, 1954; Palmerston North, 1957-1960); company director (Palmerston North, 1963-1966); teacher (Palmerston North, 1972-1981); retired (Palmerston North, 1987-2008)

===''BLAKE''===

* [[/Robert Leslie Gilbert Blake|Blake, Robert Leslie Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L831-ZLW] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Castlemaine (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 484, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Castlemaine, Vic, 1912-1919); house furn. (Castlemaine, Vic, 1924-1949)

===''BLAKEMORE''===

* [[/Thomas Victor Blakemore|Blakemore, Thomas Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-V6J] - 1916(WA)-2011(WA)95yo - Licences: 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1947-1965); 6TB Narrogin (1969); 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2435, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Subiaco, WA, 1937; Bayswater, WA, 1943); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''BLANCH''===

* [[/Cecil Keith Blanch|Blanch, Cecil Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SR-WR5] - 1903(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2GI Woodford Leigh (1930-1961); 2GI Maclean (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 718, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932; Woodford Leigh, NSW, 1934-1958); radio serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1963-1968); serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1972); retired (Maclean, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BLANCHARD''===

* [[/George Edward Henry Blanchard|Blanchard, George Edward Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV2-B4S] - 1899(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Sydney (Newtown, 1922-1926; Hurlstone Park, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 195, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Earlwood, 1930-1980)

===''BLAND''===

* [[/William Joseph Bland|Bland, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-4RP] - 1902(India)-1955(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Alberton, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Alberton, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 765, 1923 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio manufacturer (Tusmore, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BLUE''===

* [[/Harry William Blue|Blue, Harry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXF-38K] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Liverpool, 1932-1933); 2YI Albury (1934-1936); 9KO Rabaul (1937); 2YI Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2YI Sydney (Kingsford, 1946; Auburn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1034, 1932, NSW; COCP3 43, 1936; COCP2 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); A.A.M.S. - Electoral Rolls: porter (Liverpool, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Albury, NSW, 1934-1935); wireless operator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio officer (Daceyville, NSW, 1943); despatch clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BLUNDEN''===

* [[/Godfrey Verge Blunden|Blunden, Godfrey Verge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNG-22L] - 1906(Vic)-1996(France) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Wireless Weekly (editor, 1930s) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (North Sydney, 1930; East Sydney, 1933-1936)

* [[/Leon Walter Blunden|Blunden, Leon Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KT-SMV] - 1914(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5BH Adelaide (Firle, 1935-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1535, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLYARD''===

* [[/Alfred Blyard|Blyard, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIH Nowra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (brother Walter Raleigh Blyard died Nowra, 1926)

===''BLYTH''===

* [[/Oscar Emerson Blyth|Blyth, Oscar Emerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTYQ-7WL] - 1912(Tas)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1806, 1936, Vic; COCP1 1204, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Collingwood, Vic, 1934); flyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943); printer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BOASE''===

* [[/Norman Robert Boase|Boase, Norman Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z8-QZS] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NI Melbourne (Malvern, 1947; Glenhuntly, 1948; Burwood, 1954-1955; Darling, 1956; Carlton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2295, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; bookkeeper (Warren, NSW, 1943); Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carlton, Vic, 1958)

===''BOAST''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Boast|Boast, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-3D4] - 1906(Eng)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1939); 3AX Lubeck (1946-1969); 3AX Melbourne (Frankston, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 404, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 55, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (3LK Lubeck, Vic, 1942-1968); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BOCK''===

* [[/Walter Alfred Bock|Bock, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTY-J6M] - 1886(NZ)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4KC Port Moresby (1937-1939); 9KC Port Moresby (1947-1955); 4KC Mareeba (1956); 4KC Caloundra (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely PNG) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Acton, ACT, 1943); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1959)

===''BODKIN''===

* [[/Harland Bernard Bodkin|Bodkin, Harland Bernard &quot;Harley&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGY-QQ7] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (St Peters, 1935-1938; Marrickville, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1447, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: power station assistant (Tempe, NSW, 1930; St Peters, NSW, 1933); electrician (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BOILEAU''===

* [[/John George Boileau|Boileau, John George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-HLQ] - 1893(SA)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4JT Port Moresby (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''BOLD''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Bold|Bold, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3N-JSF] - 1894(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6CA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 832, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922); meter tester (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); electrician (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1949); mains superintendent (South Fremantle, WA, 1954-1958)

===''BOLGER''===

* [[/Leonard Joseph Bolger|Bolger, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-VDD] - 1867(Irl)-1941(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Deputy Director of Navigation, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: master mariner (Williamstown, 1914-1917); public servant (Elsternwick, 1919); master mariner (Elsternwick, 1931-1937)

===''BOLLAS''===

* [[/George William Bollas|Bollas, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY4M-4XT] - 1915(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Licences: 3LA Melbourne (Footscray, 1935-1939); 3LA Yarraville (1948-1960); 3LA Melbourne (West Footscray, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1557, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Footscray, Vic, 1937-1942; Footscray West, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BOLTON''===

* [[/Milton Cedric Cardwell Bolton|Bolton, Milton Cedric Cardwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-1ML] - 1918(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6MB Perth (Subiaco, 1939, 1947-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2400, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1980)

===''BOND''===

* [[/Francis William Bond|Bond, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4Q-ZQ4] - 1917(Vic)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 3SQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939); 4SQ Willis Island (1947); 4AKG Rockhampton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1914, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968); radiocommunications (Rosebud, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Rupert Francis Bond|Bond, Rupert Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZHS-QB3] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rockhampton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1912-1937; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''BONGERS''===

* [[/Gysbert Sheldon Bongers|Bongers, Gysbert Sheldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7F9-DXK] - 1900(NSW)-1948(NSW) - Licences: N745 Receive Sydney (1922); 2HY Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1922); 2HY Sydney (Rockdale, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Rockdale, 1930-1935; Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1937); engineer (Woollahra, 1943)

===''BONNER''===

* [[/Alfred Coleman Bonner|Bonner, Alfred Coleman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MV14-MTM] - 1854(Tas)-1930(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Legana (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914-1922); no occupation (Legana, 1928)

===''BONNERUP''===

* [[/Peter Madsen Bonnerup|Bonnerup, Peter Madsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F5-RC8] - 1890(Tas?)-1976(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as patent attorney, WA) - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Nedlands, 1922; South Perth, 1925-1972) - Links: [https://www.carnamah.com.au/bio/peter-madsen-bonnerup Bio]

===''BONNINGTON''===

* [[/John Archibald Bonnington|Bonnington, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Y-1JP] - 1909(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931); 2AKB Sydney (Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 569, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3AirOCP 16, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, 1931); engineer (Woollahra, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); air pilot (Avalon Beach, 1949-1963)

===''BONWILL''===

* [[/Edward Warren Bonwill|Bonwill, Edward Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J35-NNV] - 1869(USA)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XBP Sydney (1912-1914); 2CA Receive Cowra (1922); 2CA Cowra (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Barellan, 1930; Cowra, 1934-1937; Lithgow, 1937-1943)

===''BORGEEST''===

* [[/William Frederic Borgeest|Borgeest, William Frederic or Frederick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WM-GHT] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1938); 3ZY Colac (1947); 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Glen Iris, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1908, 1937, Vic; BOCP 223, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, Tas, 1939); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Camberwell South, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''BORLAND''===

* [[/Alexander Borland|Borland, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJZ-JGT] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XFT Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1st Signals Squadron Wireless, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Concord, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''BOSHER''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Bosher|Bosher, Allan Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNNY-B75] - 1913(NZ)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (Greenwich, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1938-1939; Cammeray, 1946-1955; Crows Nest, 1956-1969; Cammeray, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 650, 1942; COCP1 677, 1943; (likely first qualified in NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1968); engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1972; Cammeray, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOTTEN''===

* [[/Herbert William Botten|Botten, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-8QJ] - 1895(SA)-1973(???) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930); radio manager (Darlinghurst, 1933-1936); manager (Darlinghurst, 1937-1958)

===''BOUCHARD''===

* [[/Victor John Reid Bouchard|Bouchard, Victor John Reid &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93B-52C] - 1897(Qld)-1936(Qld) - 4BY Receive Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur club administrator - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Auchenflower, 1921-1926); clerk (Buranda, 1928)

===''BOULTBEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Walker Boultbee|Boultbee, Kenneth Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMWB-1Q4] - 1905(Tas)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agent (Taringa, Qld, 1928-1958; Corinda, Qld, 1963-1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Broadbeach, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BOUNDY''===

* [[/George Henry Boundy|Boundy, George Henry]] - 1866(Vic)-1932(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), early wireless experimenter, radio clubs (WIQ), state public servant (P&amp;TQ, engineer), federal public servant (PMGD, engineer)

===''BOURKE''===

* [[/J. Bourke|Bourke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V734 Receive Yarck (1922); Receive 3GP Yarck (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOURNE''===

* [[/Francis Frederick Bourne|Bourne, Francis Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX55-9GM] - 1916(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5BU Adelaide (Unley, 1935-1939; Wayville, 1947; Malvern, 1948-1954; Blackwood, 1955-1965; Belair, 1969); 5BU Keith (1975); 5BU Naracoorte (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1593, 1935, SA; 2COCP 1282, 1953; 1COCP 1722, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BOWDEN''===

* [[/Eric James Germain Bowden|Bowden, Eric James Germain]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7T7-YC2] - 1894(Tas)-1984(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD Wireless Inspector, Hobart, 1920s &amp; 1930s; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as equipment engineer, PMGD, Tas) - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: junior assistant engineer (Hobart North, 1922); engineer (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Frank Prosser Bowden|Bowden, Frank Prosser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MP-G4L] - 1860(Tas)-1934(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, Tas PMGD, Federal PMGD - Relationships: father of Eric James Germain Bowden and John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1928)

* [[/John Gibson Bowden|Bowden, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJZ-V69] - 1906(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - employee of Medhurst Electrical - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of Eric James Germain Bowden - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1928); electrical mechanic (New Town, 1936-1937); engineer (Nelson, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Stanley Bowden|Bowden, Ronald Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQGS-F9R] - 1900(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albion, Qld, 1921); car driver (Wilston, Qld, 1934); car proprietor (Newmarket, Qld, 1936-1943); store keeper (Urangan, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Mundubbera, Qld, 1958-1963); retired (Urangan, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''BOWEN''===

* [[/Harold Keith Bowen|Bowen, Harold Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-7SZ] - 1913(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5KB Adelaide (Maylands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1049, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Tranmere, SA, 1943)

* [[/Joseph La Venture Bowen|Bowen, Joseph La Venture or Laventure]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPP-MLB] - 1917(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4LB Brisbane (Hamilton, 1935-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1445, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1958); public servant (Kedron, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Bowen|Bowen, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKWH-7MR] - 1915(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3VK Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937; Windsor, 1938-1939; Mont Albert, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1543, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coburg, Vic, 1937; St Kilda North, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1949)

===''BOWER''===

* [[/George Geoffrey Bower|Bower, George Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVM-BC5] - 1919(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1939; Collaroy, 1946-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1960; Collaroy, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1823, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Dee Why, NSW, 1954-1958; Collaroy, NSW, 1963-1968; Collaroy Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BOWICKE''===

* [[/S. J. Bowicke|Bowicke, S. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCI Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: W. Bowicke in Sands @ Paddington 1911

===''BOWIE''===

* [[/Luther Douglas Bowie|Bowie, Luther Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCT-J1V] - 1913(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3DU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1935-37); 3DU Portable Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1938); 3TC Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1937-1939); 3DU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1948-1969); 2DU Evans Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1518, 1935, Vic; BOCP 218, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1935-1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Evans Head, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOWLEY''===

* [[/Alfred Hobden Bowley|Bowley, Alfred Hobden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN48-MT1] - 1887(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1955; Hawthorn, 1956; Nunawading, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1460, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''BOWMAN''===

* [[/Hubert Nigel Bowman|Bowman, Hubert Nigel &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4PT-FY3] - 1908(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FM Adelaide (Payneham, 1932-1933; Royston Park, 1937; Payneham, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1956); 5FM Crystal Brook (1960); 5FM Bridgewater (1965-1980+); 5FN Portable (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 911, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 259, 1939; BOCP 282, 1940; 1COCP 354, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOYD''===

* [[/Albert Boyd|Boyd, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMM-KRM] - 1910?(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TE Sydney (Rozelle, 1935-1937); 2TE Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939; Charlestown, 1946-1954; Maryville, 1955-1957; Islington, 1958; Blacksmith, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Rozelle, NSW, 1934-1937; Charlestown, NSW, 1943-1954)

* [[/Gordon James Boyd|Boyd, Gordon James &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-Q7L] - 1912(???)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AML Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2308, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Brighton Le Sands, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/John a'Beckett Penleigh Boyd|Boyd, John a'Beckett Penleigh &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HD5-QST] - 1915(Vic)-1981(WA) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1904, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 806, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); pilot (Balwyn, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Chidlow, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman James Boyd|Boyd, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-VM7] - 1897(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XNO Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EL Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3EL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1924-1925; Caulfield, 1925-1927; Elwood, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 104, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer (3UZ, 1920s); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1924); manager (Caulfield, 1926-1928); engineer (Elsternwick, 1931-1937); electrician (St Kilda, 1949-1963); retired (Caulfield, 1967-1977)

===''BOYTON''===

* [[/Claude John Boyton|Boyton, Claude John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTPH-PH2] - 1902(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ALE Jugiong (1938-1939); 2ALE Sydney (Stanmore, 1947); 2ALI Cooma North (1954); 2ALI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1958; Bexley, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2195, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bethungra, NSW, 1930-1936); radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1937); sound operator (Hillston, NSW, 1937); electric motor operator (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Annandale, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1958; Bexley, NSW, 1958); engineer (Booker Bay, NSW, 1963); electronics technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRACKEN''===

* [[/Leonard Carl Bracken|Bracken, Leonard Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58V-LLQ] - 1910(Tas)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Stanmore, 1933-1934; Cremorne, 1935-1936); 2FF Sydney (Cremorne, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP1 54, 1947, NSW (likely prior RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Withdrawal: 2LF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2LF Young commercial service - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRADBURY''===

* [[/B. J. Bradbury|Bradbury, B. J.]] - abt 1887(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

===''BRADDOCK''===

* [[/Albert Braddock|Braddock, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-VRM] - 1890(Eng)-1916(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 14, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Esperance, WA, 1916)

* [[/George Stacey Braddock|Braddock, George Stacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-DGH] - 1913(Qld)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 2AGL Moree East (1937-1938); 3AGL Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1900, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936); wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); dry cleaner (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BRADFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Keith Bradford|Bradford, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-VC5] - 1912(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4KK Millmerran (1936-1939, 1947-1975); 4KK Drillham (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1750, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Millmerran, Qld, 1934-1937); farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1943-1954); radio dealer (Millmerran, Qld, 1958-1968); farmer (Drillham, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Richard Bradford|Bradford, John Richard]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief electrical engineer, Qld, PMGD)

===''BRADLEY''===

* [[/David Max Bradley|Bradley, David Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-FCT] - 1922(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2344, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Randell Bradley|Bradley, Frank Randell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G973-F7P] - 1884(SA)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3ZK Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1931); 2JB Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2, 1924, No. 1 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, Superintendant Telegraphs Vic, 1928; Deputy PMG Qld; NSW); historian (telegraphs) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Sandringham, Vic, 1914-1924; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1943); no occupation (Killara, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''BRAGG''===

* [[/William Henry Bragg|Bragg, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFQ-9N6] - 1862(Eng)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nile yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; academic (University of Adelaide, 1885-1908), physicist, chemist, mathematician, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his son William Lawrence Bragg, son-in-law of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:William Henry Bragg|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William Lawrence Bragg|Bragg, William Lawrence &quot;Lawrence&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXT-CLR] - 1890(SA)-1971(Eng) - participated as a youth in his father's wireless experiments, academic (University of Adelaide), physicist, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his father William Henry Bragg, grandson of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:Lawrence Bragg|Wikipedia]]

===''BRAIN''===

* [[/S. F. Brain|Brain, S. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: likely related XFR V. J. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/V. J. Brain|Brain, V. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFR Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: likely related 2ZD S. F. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRAMLEY''===

* [[/John Alfred Bramley|Bramley, John Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANCH''===

* [[/Lorayne Branch|Branch, Lorayne]] - Living - author (&quot;Henry Sutton, The Innovative Man&quot;); historian (Henry Sutton)

===''BRAND''===

* [[/Albert Onslow Brand| Brand, Albert Onslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-T44] - 1904(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIO The Entrance (1937-1939, 1946-1950); Toowoon Bay (1954-1961); Harrington (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2051, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (The Entrance, NSW, 1931; Orange, NSW, 1932; The Entrance, NSW, 1933-1949); electrical contractor (Toowoon Bay, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Harrington, NSW, 1968-1977; Maclean, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Jack Brand|Brand, Jack &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4V-QGJ] - 1910(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2ADX Sydney (Ryde, 1939); 2ADX Newcastle (Lorn, 1946-1950); 2ZN Braidwood (1954-1955); 2ZN Sydney (Belmore, 1956-1957; Rockdale, 1958; Homebush West, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2ZN Bourke (1969); 2ZN Hume Weir (1975); 2ZN Sydney (Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1827, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1933; Rozelle, 1934-1935; Ryde, NSW, 1936); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943); municipal engineer (Lorn, NSW, 1949); engineer (Braidwood, NSW, 1954)

===''BRANDON''===

* [[/Eric Frank Brandon|Brandon, Eric Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPK-2ZY] - 1907(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5FB Wilmington (1933-1939); 5FB Adelaide (Prospect, 1948); 5FA Oodnadatta (1965); 5FA Ramco (1969-1975); 5FA Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1145, 1933, SA; 2COCP 140, 1938; 1COCP 183, 1938; BOCP 201, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANFORD''===

* [[/Kenneth Harold Branford|Branford, Kenneth Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQM-5NC] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ABW Sydney (Bondi North, 1939); 2APB Coffs Harbour (1954-1956); 2APB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1957-1958; North Ryde, 1960-1975); 2APB Gosford (Point Clare, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 184, 1938; COCP1 583, 1942; TVOCP 206, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: police constable (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); communications officer (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1954; North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); technician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Point Clare, NSW, 1980)

===''BRANKS''===

* [[/Albert Mervyn Branks|Branks, Albert Mervyn &quot;Merv&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-88K] - 1906(NZ)-1978(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1920s to 1970s, DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tribute]

===''BRANSON''===

* [[/George Henry Branson|Branson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-CDW] - 1918(Wales)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2EJ Sydney (Mascot, 1934-1935; Concord, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1393, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943); manager (Greenwell Point, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''BRASCH''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Brasch|Brasch, Ernest Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-S98] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJL Melbourne (Hawksburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Munitions Workers Coy) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1922); motor engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1924; Swan Hill, Vic, 1925-1937); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''BREBNER''===

* [[/Walter John Alexander Brebner|Brebner, Walter John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGS-DR1] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Geelong (Belmont, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1172, 1933, Vic; BOCP 135, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Electrician, Wireless Mechanic, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belmont, Vic, 1937); radio announcer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); broadcaster (Geelong, Vic, 1949); radio dealer (Geelong West, Vic, 1954); manager (Belmont, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''BREDEN''===

* [[/Wynne Steere Breden|Breden, Wynne Steere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/979Z-1QH] - 1900(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Rx Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923); 2WS Newcastle (CBD, 1924-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; shipyard business - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, Vic, 1922-1924; Newcastle, NSW, 1930-1932); agent (Newcastle, NSW, 1935; Stockton, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1943-1958); company director (Toronto, NSW, 1968)

===''BREEN''===

* [[/James Henry Breen|Breen, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV4-826] - 1906(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Melbourne (Ripponlea, 1936-1939); 3UY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1774, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Camden, Vic, 1967; Elsternwick, Vic, 1977)

===''BREHAUT''===

* [[/Albert Leslie Brehaut|Brehaut, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTB-JTG] - 1905(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3SB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1082, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1926-1954)

===''BREMERMAN''===

* [[/Harold Frederick Bremerman|Bremerman, Harold Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-QWC] - 1903(Eng)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Aspley (1955-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1267, 1934, Qld; COCP (Eng) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (WIAQ, Life Member; Brisbane DX Club); employment (electrician, Courier Mail, Besley &amp; Pike, Mt. Olivett Hospital); pilot; UK Merchant Navy 1920s - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Albion, Qld, 1928); mechanic (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Aspley, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BREMNER''===

* [[/John Latta Bremner|Bremner, John Latta]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2024, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1967)

* [[/Thomas Bremner|Bremner, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-JT5] - 1919(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1936-1939); 3AKU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1948); 2ANV Sydney (Randwick, 1950-1958; Killara, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1649, 1936, Vic; BOCP 531, 1943; COCP2 872, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Woollahra East, NSW, 1949); accountant (Killara, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''BRENNAN''===

* [[/Allan James Brennan|Brennan, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TR-SNJ] - 1887(Vic)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 31, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Seven Hills, NSW, 1930); journalist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1933; East Sydney, NSW, 1934-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1958)

* [[/John Martin Brennan|Brennan, John Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKVN-2T1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ALQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1939, 1946-1956; Dee Why, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2269, 1939, NSW; TVOCP 344, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1933); electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Blacktown, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977) - Relationships: brother of 2ACE Loughlin Brennan

* [[/Leonard Laughton Brennan|Brennan, Leonard Laughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2Q-S5G] - 1916(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AMU Gosford (1939; 1946-1961); 2AMU Killarney Vale (1965-1975); 2AMU Mt Victoria (1980); 2LM Mt Victoria (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2332, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre proprietor (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1963); company director (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1968-1977); retired (Mt Victoria, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Loughlin Brennan|Brennan, Loughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ7X-3KV] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2ACE Leeton (1955-1957); 2ACE Wagga Wagga (1958-1961); 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1658, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1954); public servant (Wagga Wagga, 1958-1963; Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980) - Relationships: brother of 2ALQ John Martin Brennan

* [[/William Edward Brennan|Brennan, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-CVJ] - 1904(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Thornbury, 1931-1933; Murrumbeena, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1931); clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972); retired (Carnegie, Vic, 1977)

===''BREWER''===

* [[/Alfred Henry Brewer|Brewer, Alfred Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-MWL] - 1871(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHB Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914); 2CN Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Bondi, NSW, 1913; Bronte, NSW, 1930-1935; Ulladulla, NSW, 1937; Berry, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Phillip John Brewer|Brewer, Phillip or Philip John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-MNW] - 1900(WA)-1948(SA) - Licences: 5JA Adelaide (Parkside, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 269, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Parkside, 1939-1943)

===''BRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilmur James Mitchell Bridge|Bridge, Wilmur James Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-TYN] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3QV Benalla (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2211, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); engineer (Benalla, Vic, 1949)

===''BRIDGER''===

* [[/Thomas William Bridger|Bridger, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85V-2YT] - 1885(UK)-1941(NT) - Licences: 4AP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4AP Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; public servant; WW1 (2nd Aust Flying Squadron, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West Perth, 1914); consulting engineer (Auchenflower, 1925); poultry farmer (Geebung, 1928); engineer (Armadale, 1934-1937) - Directories: electrical engineer (Adelaide, 1915; Melbourne, 1917-1921; Brisbane, 1923-1927; Adelaide, 1930) 
===''BRIDGES''===

* [[/Frank John Claud Bridges|Bridges, Frank John Claud or Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHRF-XHR] - 1885(NZ)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 141, 1915; 2COCP 182, 1930; 1COCP 279, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Esperance, 1921-1949); retired (Esperance, 1958-1963)

===''BRIDGEWATER''===

* [[/Francis Henry Bridgewater|Bridgewater, Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58N-NQL] - 1906(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ZO Sydney (Moore Park, 1933-1939; CBD, 1947); 2ZI Broken Hill (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Surry Hills, NSW, 1930-1937; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1943); musician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); business manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BRIGDEN''===

* [[/Gordon Joseph Brigden|Brigden, Gordon Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-1M5] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ACJ Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1946-1950; St Ives, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2234, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); importer (Harbord, NSW, 1949; St Ives, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''BRIGGS''===

* [[/David Eastman Briggs|Briggs, David Eastman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3B-PKK] - 1913(Vic)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 3FU Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939, 1947-1960); 7RF Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1317, 1934, Vic; COCP2 803, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1954); retired (Albury, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Donald Robert Briggs|Briggs, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5B-1TN] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (Walkerville, 1935-1939; Henley Beach, 1947; South Plympton, 1954-19600; 5HB Adelaide (Morphett Vale, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1490, 1935, SA; 2COCP 413, 1941; BOCP 373, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939)

* [[/Percy Briggs|Briggs, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB28-PM5] - 1907(Qld)-1992(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2232, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1943); technician (South Perth, WA, 1949-1968; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''BRIGHT''===

* [[/William Henry Herbert Bright|Bright, William Henry Herbert &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQH-GSX] - 1898(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Spark; 4FA Toowoomba (1923); 4AA Toowoomba (1924-1925); 4WB Toowoomba (1925-1927); 4OO Toowoomba (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 123, 1925, No. 13 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: callsign 4AA withdrawn by PMGD for their use - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toowoomba, 1919-1943); clerk (Toowoomba, 1949); mechanic (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

===''BRIMBLE''===

* [[/Charles Campbell Brimble|Brimble, Charles Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5L-9GH] - 1915(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CB Adelaide (Somerton, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Somerton Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1446, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Somerton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BRIMS''===

* [[/Marcus John Gordon Brims|Brims, Marcus John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZWB-S11] - 1888(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XQA Mareeba (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; business proprietor (plywood &amp; veneer manufacture) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Mareeba, 1912-1913); foreman joiner (Milton, 1921); timber merchant (Milton, 1925-1931); plywood manufacturer (Annerley, 1937-1958); business manager (Annerley, 1963-1980)

===''BRINKMAN''===

* [[/Sydney James Ferdinand Brinkman|Brinkman or Brinckman, Sydney James Ferdinand &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS4-53R] - 1912(Tas)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Griffith, ACT (1935-1939); 2IS Coffs Harbour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1425, 1935, ACT; COCP1 403, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Griffith, ACT, 1935-1949; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRISTOW''===

* [[/John Morrison Bristow|Bristow, John Morrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPL-DLJ] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 243, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Neutral Bay, 1930-1935); manager (Gordon, 1937-1943); company manager (Pymble, 1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954-1980)

===''BRITT''===

* [[/Dudley Gordon Britt|Britt, Dudley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-D5B] - 1909(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2210, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''BROADFOOT''===

* [[/James Broadfoot|Broadfoot, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1C-TQ7] - 1920(Qld)-2012(NSW)92yo - Licences: 2AJD Sydney (Lindfield, 1938-1939, 1947-1961; Killara, 1965-1969; Gordon, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2095, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949); medical practitioner (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963; Killara, NSW, 1968; Gordon, NSW, 1972-1977; Glenorie, NSW, 1980)

===''BROADLEY''===

* [[/David Hadley Broadley| Broadley, David Hadley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JR-VDL] - 1917(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AFU Sydney (Undercliffe, 1937-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1961; Lugarno, 1965, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1892, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943-1958; Earlwood, NSW, 1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROCK''===

* [[/Hector Edward Earl Brock|Brock, Hector Edward Earl]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VQL-BTC] - 1902(Vic)-1962(SA) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924); 5DP Adelaide  (North Adelaide, 1924-1927; Malvern, 1927-1938); 5UZ Adelaide (Fullarton, 1954-1956; Nailsworth, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 25, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; University of Adelaide (Demonstrator &amp; Technical Assistant, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1924); no occupation (Malvern, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BROGAN''===

* [[/John Patrick Hugh Brogan|Brogan, John Patrick Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYH-BHN] - 1909(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CG Merbein (1933-1939); 3CG Melbourne (Elwood, 1947; Richmond, 1948; The Basin, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1094, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, Vic, 1931-1942); tramway employee (Richmond, Vic, 1949); tram driver (The Basin, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROINOWSKI''===

* [[/Leopold Thomas Broinowski|Broinowski, Leopold Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FR-SMR] - 1871(Vic)-1937(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Hobart Mercury, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1914-1937)

===''BROOK''===

* [[/William Laurence Brook|Brook, William Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K63Q-J18] - 1906(SA)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Dubbo (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2238, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Annandale, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Glenton, NSW, 1931); station hand (Murrumbidgerie, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1968);

===''BROOKE''===

* [[/Wilberforce Henry Liddon Brooke|Brooke, Wilberforce Henry Liddon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB61-69T] - 1891(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BR Terrigal (1930-1936); 2BR Dora Creek (1937-1939, 1946-1958); 2BR Paterson (1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 638, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (1917); WW1 (Wireless Training School, Moore Park, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Jerry's Plains, 1930; Terrigal, 1931-1937; Dora Creek, 1949-1958; Paterson, 1963-1968)

===''BROOKES''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Brookes|Brookes, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSJ-GV6] - 1911(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BA Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, 1938-1939; Wooloowin, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1641, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1954); waterside Worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1958)

* [[/W. D. Brookes|Brookes, W. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJBH Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BROOKS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Milton Brooks|Brooks, Albert Henry Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1Q-DVK] - 1901(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5KG Adelaide (Grange, 1933-1939; Croydon, 1946-1960+); 5AH Adelaide (Ridleton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1170, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Croydon, 1939); railway employee (Croydon, 1941-1943) - Relationships: likely related to 7JB John Vickery Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks

* [[/David Deane Brooks|Brooks, David Deane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58F-VVY] - 1912(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2NX Sydney (Kensington, 1933-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 431, 1933; COCP1 343, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Vaucluse, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Qantas Airways, Berrimah, NT, 1949); radio technician (Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Carnarvon, WA, 1968); technician (Nowra North, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Brooks|Brooks, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ8-BKF] - 1892(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XFM Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); 2EA Receive Barmedman (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1913); engineer (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930); electrician (West Wyalong, NSW, 1932-1937); teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); 

* [[/John Vickery Brooks|Brooks, John Vickery &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHXL-RK8] - 1905(SA)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 37, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; originally from Adelaide - Relationships: likely related to 5KG Albert Henry Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart South, 1928; Malvern, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROOME''===

* [[/Francis Montague Guido Broome|Broome, Francis Montague Guido]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK6-V7S] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2XJ Sydney (Croydon Park, 1932-1934); 2XJ The Entrance (1937-1939); 2XJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1947; Bankstown, 1948-1961); 2XJ McMasters Beach (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1026, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Croydon Park, NSW, 1931-1934; Haberfield, NSW, 1936; The Entrance, NSW, 1937-1943); electroplater (Bankstown, NSW, 1949); technician (Bankstown, NSW, 1954-1963); not available (Margate, Qld, 1969); retired (Clontarf, Qld, 1972; Scarborough, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Joseph Paul Broome|Broome, Joseph Paul &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW3P-756] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4PB Brisbane (Grange, 1938-1939, 1947; Moorooka, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2205, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949); radio mechanic (Moorooka, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BROOMHALL''===

* [[/Charles Alfred Broomhall|Broomhall, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7NZ-2SV] - 1891(Vic)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 729, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, 1916); mechanic (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925; Canning Bridge, 1931-1937; Applecross, 1943-1954); retired (Bickley, 1958-1963)

===''BROOMHEAD''===

* [[/Sydney Vernon Broomhead|Broomhead, Sydney Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CK-TGN] - 1912(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2UL Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1096, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Campsie, NSW, 1933-1936); clerk (Wollongong, NSW, 1937; North Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1954; Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BROWN (A-I)''===

* [[/Alan George Brown|Brown, Alan George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G849-43Y] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3CX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1937; Upper Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 446, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, 1931); public servant (Auburn, 1936-1937); RAAF (St Kilda North, 1943); civil servant (Auburn, 1949); clerk (Deepdene, 1954; Camberwell North, 1963-1968)

* [[/Alan Weymouth Brown|Brown, Alan Weymouth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSKH-1N5] - 1902(Tas)-1938(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Listeners' League, Hobart (assistant secretary); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Assistant Secretary, Listeners' League, Hobart, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Albert Telfer Brown|Brown, Albert Telfer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VT-YM1] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IU Sydney (Rozelle, 1934-1936; St Leonards, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1266, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Dubbo, NSW, 1934; St Leonards, NSW, 1937); clerk (North Wollstonecraft, 1949); auditor (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); public servant (Curtin, ACT, 1972); retired (Roseville, NSW, 1977; Valentine, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Alfred Brown|Brown, Alfred &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD9-157] - 1896(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939; Sandringham, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2020, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1972)

* [[/Alfred Louis Brown|Brown, Alfred Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQV-4SS] - 1885(Eng)-1971(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as general manager, 5CL, SA) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Claremont, WA, 1910); optician (Applecross, 1916-1917); director (Kew, Vic, 1926); engineer (Cottesloe, 1936-1937)

* [[/Arthur John Brown|Brown, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KP-9XJ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2IK Sydney (Earlwood, 1934-1939; Epping, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1251, 1934, NSW; BOCP 115, 1937; TVOCP 44, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Fitter (Earlwood, NSW, 1936-1937); Inspector (Meadowbank, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Bruce Kevin Brown|Brown, Bruce Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S4-CV1] - 1920(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 7QZ Launceston (1937-1939); 2AQZ Sydney (Meadowbank, 1954-1969; Annangrove, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1942, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 303, 1940; 1COCP 492, 1941; TVOCP 1014, 1968 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Meadowbank, 1943-1968); technician (Annangrove, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Clarence Roy Brown|Brown, Clarence Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - founder of 5KA Class B Adelaide; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 5KA, SA) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Clifford Walter Brown|Brown, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCV5-M8M] - 1906(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6CB Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 640, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Subiaco, 1931-1937); traveller (Nedlands, 1943-1963); business manager (Wembley, 1968); manager (Morley, 1972; Dianella, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ernest Charles Brown|Brown, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPG6-K19] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AJ Sydney (Tempe, 1932-1939, 1946-1969; Penshurst, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 912, 1932, NSW; COCP2 110, 1937; COCP1 295, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Wireless Telegraphy Officer, 1940-1945) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1968); public servant (Penshurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank Makepeace Brown|Brown, Frank Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H5-2M5] - 1911(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6FB Mullewa (1939, 1946-1948); 6FB Perth (Bassendean, 1954-1960; Doubleview, 1965-1969; Rossmoyne, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2375, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Northam, 1936; Bassendean, 1943); civil servant (Mullewa, 1949); telephone technician (Bassendean, 1954-1963); civil servant (Doubleview, 1968-1972); telephone technician (Rossmoyne, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Brown|Brown, George]] - 1875(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AHL Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1970, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous GBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Douglas Brown|Brown, George Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-JFD] - 1902(Qld)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Brisbane (Ascot, Qld, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: timber merchant (Hamilton, Qld, 1925-1928); director (Ascot, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/George Dundas Brown|Brown, George Dundas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMP-G4W] - 1898(NSW)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 304, 1917 (Marconi) - ship wireless operator?; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Probate: railway employee (1932) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1927; Toorak, Vic, 1931)

* [[/George Henry Bryden Brown|Brown, George Henry Bryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZK-XG1] - 1890(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2EB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 127, 1915 (Balsillie); COCP2 276, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Harry Percy Brown|Brown, Harry Percy &quot;Horsepower&quot;, &quot;Poo Bah&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R8-R1W] - 1878(Eng)-1967(NSW) - senior federal public servant (Director-General, Posts and Telegraphs); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Secretary, PMGD) - Links: [[w:Harry Brown (public servant)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/brown-sir-harry-percy-5384 ADB]; [https://telegramsaustralia.com/Forms/Special%20developments/People/Brown.html Telegrams Australia]

* [[/Hector Mervyn Brown|Brown, Hector Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9TY-HSC] - 1906(NSW)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5MB Adelaide (Torrensville, 1927-1928; Southwark, 1931-1933); 2YM Broken Hill (1937-1938); 5MB Adelaide (Southwark, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 345, 1927, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 402 1932; 1COCP 333, 1933) - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (2BH, 1937), PMGD SA (mechanic, retired 1940) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broken Hill, 1937), engineer (Thebarton, 1941-1943)

* [[/Henry Mathew Brown|Brown, Henry Mathew or Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GG-RY9] - 1910(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1931-1939); 4ZB Gracemere (1947-1948); 4ZB Brisbane (Chermside, 1954-1956; Northgate, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 768, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936); salesman (Northgate, Qld, 1941); technician (Radio 4RK, Gracemere, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Chermside, Qld, 1954); technician (Northgate, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Herbert George Brown|Brown, Herbert George &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BH-NGV] - 1887(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4BH Booval (1928-1930); 4HG Booval (1931); 4HG Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 4BH Brisbane (Graceville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 455, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (Ipswich); railways employee - Callsign: withdrawn for 4BH Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ipswich, Qld, 1925; Redbank, Qld, 1929)

* [[/Herbert Rufus Brown|Brown, Herbert Rufus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HL-T23] - 1894(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3NN Receive Yanac (1923); 3NN Yanac (1924-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 271, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Yanac, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ivan Leslie Brown|Brown, Ivan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ2-9CV] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1939, 1948-1950; Herne Bay, 1954-1958; Riverwood, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 797, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1949); public servant (Herne Bay, NSW, 1954; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Riverwood, NSW, 1972-1977); public servant (Riverwood, NSW, 1980)

===''BROWN (J-Z)''===

* [[/J. R. Brown|Brown, J. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Southport (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James McGladdery Brown|Brown, James McGladdery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW18-TCK] - 1882(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4BJ Aramac (1929-1933); 4BJ Rockhampton (1937); 4BJ Bundaberg (1947-1965) - Qualifications: AOCP 480, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Rockhampton, 1905); station master (Finch Hatton, 1913); labourer (Mackay, 1919);  motor car proprietor (Baralaba, Mt Morgan, 1925); guard (Aramac, 1928-1937); retired (Maryborough, 1954-1963; Ascot, 1963) - Relationships: father of Victor James Caldwell Brown, the likely actual amateur operator

* [[/John Henry Shadwell Brown|Brown, John Henry Shadwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-7M4] - 1897(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2JK Sydney (Botany, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 926, 1926; 1COCP 154, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Botany, 1930-1958)

* [[/Joseph Brown|Brown, Joseph &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQH2-YSM] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Hobart (Battery Point, 1934-1939; New Town, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1255, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 5, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (7ZL, Hobart TV); public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Battery Point, 1936-1937); civil servant (New Town, 1943-1972)

* [[/Kenneth Boyer Brown|Brown, Kenneth Boyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GV-GGN] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AKB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Gladesville, 1948-1960); 2AJJ Sydney (Gladesville, 1969); 2AJJ Nelson Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 133, 1937; COCP1 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fire alarm mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Leonard Austin Brown|Brown, Leonard Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX21-FFX] - 1915(Vic)-1957(SA) - Licences: 3OP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1931-1933); 5OP Adelaide (Eastwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 814, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Eastwood, SA, 1939; Unley Park, SA, 1941)

* [[/Maurice Alexander Brown|Brown, Maurice Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2J-3P9] - 1913(NSW)-1978(Eng) - Licences: 2OR Sydney (Epping, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Cheltenham, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1033, 1932, NSW; BOCP 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (MRB Camp, Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/P. J. Brown|Brown, P. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JB Sydney (Randwick, 1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ralph Andrew Watkin Brown|Brown, Ralph Andrew Watkin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZV-DLV] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GO Sydney (Cremorne, 1931-1933; Epping, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 823, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: proprietor (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Narrabeen, NSW, 1933)

* [[/Raymond Albert Brown|Brown, Raymond Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-YH6] - 1906(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IL Sydney (Ashfield, 1933-1935); 2IL Glenbrook (1936-1937); 2QN Sydney (Auburn, 1935); 2RB Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1960; Clontarf, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1236, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2QN amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2QN Deniliquin commercial service - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1932-1949); technician (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical manufacturer (Maroubra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Robert Brown|Brown, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart Central, 1919; Moonah, 1928); fitter (Hobart North, 1958)

* [[/Victor James Caldwell Brown|Brown, Victor James Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBKS-2T7] - 1907(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - Qualifications: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: wardsman (Aramac, 1928); guard (Aramac, 1930); baker (Rockhampton, 1936); radio mechanic (Barcaldine, 1943; Bundaberg, 1949-1963) - Relationships: son of James McGladdery Brown - note electoral roll addresses for Victor James precisely align with 4BJ addresses whereas those for James McGladdery do not

* [[/William Francis Brown|Brown, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-4DL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BB Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3BB Melbourne (Richmond, 1937); 9BB Wau, New Guinea (1938); 2ANP Sydney (Bundeena, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 704, 1930, Vic; COCP2 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: many contemporaneous WFBs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, Vic, 1937)

===''BROWNE''===

* [[/Brian Brandon Browne|Browne, Brian Brandon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2MJ-9C1] - 1908(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2UZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1933); 2UZ Goulburn (1934-1939); 2UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1954-1955); 1UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Goulburn, NSW, 1934-1943); engineer (Ainslie, ACT, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert John Vincent Browne|Browne, Robert John Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLZ-BY6] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4RB Brisbane (Toowong, 1925-1939; New Farm, 1946-1956; Dorrington, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 92, 1925, No. 10 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, 1936-1937); mechanic (Clevedon, 4QN, 1943); technician (New Farm, 1949-1954); teacher (Dorrington, 1958-1968)

===''BROWNBILL''===

* [[/William Albert Brownbill|Brownbill, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2V-81D] - 1919(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Geelong (1936-1939, 1947-1960); 3ABU Portable Geelong (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1707, 1936, Vic; BOCP 249, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BROWNHILL''===

* [[/William Brownhill|Brownhill, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4R-CSM] - 1924(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AWB Melbourne (East Preston, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2823, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Preston, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BROWNLEE''===

* [[/Thomas Denham Brownlee|Brownlee, Thomas Denham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-QKD] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1936; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1947-1950; Roseville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 859, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP3 6744, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1931); mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Woollahra, NSW, 1937); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963); engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROWNLESS''===

* [[/Sidney Frank Brownless|Brownless, Sidney Frank &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-M5S] - 1915(Eng)-1995(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); military (WW2, RAF, radar research); clubs &amp; societies (IREE); author (&quot;The Sharing of Television Channels&quot;, ABCB, 1973 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, 1954-1980)

===''BRUCE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7XP-MLH] - 1879(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XABR Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/George Thomas Bruce|Bruce, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLR-GQM] - 1914(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2GT Tumut (1932-1938); 2GT Sydney (Bexley, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1946-1955; Loftus, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 971, 1932, NSW; COCP2 282, 1939; COCP1 328, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tumut, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1954); civil servant (Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968); public servant (Loftus, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/George William Bruce|Bruce, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPX-XN9] - 1913(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5GB Adelaide (Prospect, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1925, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Robert Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR18-SKL] - 1900(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5BJ Adelaide (Glenelg, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 357, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert William Bruce|Bruce, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTC-Z1J] - 1899(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926-1928; East Malvern, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 283, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1926; Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1967)

* [[/Stanley Melbourne Bruce|Bruce, Stanley Melbourne &quot;S.M.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLB-86Z] - 1883(Vic)-1967(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (prime minister, 1923-1929) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Stanley_Bruce|Wikipedia]]

===''BRUMHEAD''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Brumhead|Brumhead, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17Y-P6T] - 1901(Eng)-1982(SA) - Licences: 3TV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939); 5TV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1947-1954; Heathpool, 1955-1969 - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 94, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (East Melbourne, Vic, 1925; Camberwell, Vic, 1926-1927); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943)

===''BRUNSDEN''===

* [[/Herbert Thomas Brunsden|Brunsden, Herbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NR-JJR] - 1909(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2BX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 649, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 258, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Leichhardt, 1930-1937) - Comment: Gone too soon

===''BRYCE''===

* [[/Ramsay Auld Bryce|Bryce, Ramsay Auld]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH9T-FL2] - 1914(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AB Ipswich (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4AB Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1954-1969); 4AC Portable Ipswich (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1935, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (North Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio serviceman (North Ipswich, Qld, 1943); theatre proprietor (Palm Beach, Qld, 1949); showman (Palm Beach, Qld, 1954-1958); projectionist (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BRYDEN-BROWN''===

* See Brown, especially George Henry Bryden-Brown

===''BRYSON''===

* [[/Royal William Bryson|Bryson, Royal William &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ9P-5KJ] - 1886(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJJ Melbourne (Richmond, 1913); 3JM Receive Melbourne (Kew, 1922-1923); 3JM Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 50, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, 1914-1916); electrical fitter (Kew, 1919-1937); electrician (Croydon, 1943-1954)

===''BUCHANAN''===

* [[/Cyril Buchanan|Buchanan, Cyril]] - 19??(Australia)-19??(???) - Licences: Tulagi, Solomon Islands (1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/n5664/html/ch03.xhtml ANU-Tulagi History]; [https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2019-09/apo-nid262811.pdf Tulagi, Pacific Outpost of British Empire] 

* [[/Douglas Ancelon Buchanan|Buchanan, Douglas Ancelon &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LJ-HLX] - 1913(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2ABT Yerrinbool (1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1596, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Yerrinbool, NSW, 1935-1937)

* [[/Norman Thomas Oswald Buchanan|Buchanan, Norman Thomas Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84K-B7C] - 1912(Qld)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Manly, 1928-1939); 2ANB Sydney (Bondi, 1948; Kingsford, 1950); 3AND Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1954; Rosanna, 1955-1956); 3BNU Maldon (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 466, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Manly, 1934-1935); sound engineer (Manly, 1936); engineer (North Sydney, 1943; Heidelberg, 1954-1963; Rosanna, 1968; Heidelberg, 1972; Rosanna, 1977); retired (Castlemaine, 1980)

===''BUCK''===

* [[/Albert Hector Buck|Buck, Albert Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-PC3] - 1905(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3TM Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1923); 3TM Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1924-1926; Glenferrie, 1927; East Preston, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1937); 3TM Terang (1938-1939); 3TM Shepparton (1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 138, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: father of 3ZMX &amp; 3AAD Edwin David Buck, don't confuse with Albert Thomas Buck (Qld) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenferrie, 1927-1928); mechanic (Glenferrie, 1931; Hawthorn, 1937); electrician (Terang, 1943)

* [[/Albert Thomas Buck|Buck, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Z9K-CXG] - 1892(Eng)-1973(Eng) - Licences: 4CW Receive Brisbane (Geebung, 1923); 4CW Brisbane (Geebung, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 281, 1926, No. 24 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Kedron, 1931-1934); wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, 1933) - don't confuse with 3TM Albert Hector Buck

* [[/Edwin David Buck|Buck, Edwin David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNC-4JQ] - 1929(Vic)-2010(Vic) - 3ZMX Melbourne (Thornbury, 1965-1969, 3AAD Melbourne (Thornbury, 1975-1980), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Vic), son of 3TM Albert Hector Buck

===''BUCKERFIELD''===

* [[/Sidney Roy Buckerfield|Buckerfield, Sidney Roy &quot;Buck&quot; &amp; &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGS-S7N] - 1904(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5DA Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5DA Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Evandale, 1928-1931; Knoxville, 1933-1939; St Morris, 1947-1948+); 5DA Crystal Brook (1954-1956); 5DA Adelaide (Brighton Gardens, 1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 32, 1924, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 163, 1938; 1COCP 1557, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (5DN, 5CK, 5DR, 5AN, 5ABCFM); public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Knoxville, 1939) - TroveTag: &quot;5DA - Sidney Roy Buckerfield&quot;

===''BUCKINGHAM''===

* [[/Cyril Hugo Buckingham|Buckingham, Cyril Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8L-NP8] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3QU Melbourne (Maidstone, 1947-1956; West Footscray, 1960; Albion, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2288, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1712, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954); mechanic (Footscray North, Vic, 1963); TV mechanic (Albion, Vic, 1967; Sunshine, Vic, 1972-1977); mechanic (Sunshine North, Vic, 1980)

===''BUCKIE''===

* [[/Alan Carson Buckie|Buckie, Alan Carson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-8QC] - 1909(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6AB Perth (Nedlands, 1936-1939; Claremont, 1947-1948; Dalkeith, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1682, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1963)

===''BUGG''===

* [[/Charles Robert Bugg|Bugg, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-Q8K] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 11, 1936, Vic -  - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Geelong, 1942)

===''BUILDER''===

* [[/Geoffrey Builder|Builder, Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM6S-FBL] - 1906(WA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - physicist; radio engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, 1931; physicist (Haberfield, 1935; Ashfield, 1937; Burwood, NSW, 1943-1958) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/builder-geoffrey-9617 ADB]

===''BULL''===

* [[/Francis George Bull|Bull, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB9W-CFP] - 1904(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4MA Brisbane (Fairfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1674, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Stones Corner, Qld, 1926-1928; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1934; Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); military forces (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Hans Bull|Bull, Frederick Hans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR14-174] - 1907(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AJM Sydney (Northbridge, 1938; Epping, 1939; Chatswood, 1946-1950; Pymble, 1954-1958; Killara, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965; St Ives, 1969); 2AJM Chittaway Point, 1975 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2088, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Sydenham, NSW, 1930); clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Lewisham, NSW, 1933); traveller (Northbridge, NSW, 1936-1937); accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1943); credit accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958); credit manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Herbert Phillip Bull|Bull, Herbert Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC9-M33] - 1921(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4HP Brisbane (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ET Brisbane (Virginia, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2247, 1938, Qld; BOCP 405, 1941; COCP1 636, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Manly, Qld, 1949-1954); pest exterminator (Ipswich, Qld, 1954); wood machinist (Virginia, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/J. F. Bull|Bull, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4FH Mackay (-1949-1967+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), associate member I.R.E. Aust.

===''BULLING''===

* [[/William John Bulling|Bulling, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Y9-S95] - 1914(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5KX Adelaide (Grange, 1935-1939; Kirkcaldy, 1947-1954; Kings Park, 1955-1975); 5KX Wasleys (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1527, 1935, SA; BOCP 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Kirkcaldy, 1939-1943)

===''BULLIVANT''===

* [[/William Norman Bullivant|Bullivant, William Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJK-X8B] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Receive Albury (1923-1924); 2WB Albury (1925-1930); 2WB West Wyalong (1931-1934); 2BC Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950; Bellevue Hill, 1954-1969; Kingsford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 167, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 319, 1940) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Jerilderee, NSW, 1930); postal clerk (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1954; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1972; Kingsford, NSW, 1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2PR-2WB - William Norman Bullivant&quot;

===''BULLOCK''===

* [[/Albert Frederick Wright Bullock|Bullock, Albert Frederick Wright &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4K-44G] - 1900(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ZX Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Camp Hill, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1109, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (East Brisbane, Qld, 1925); storeman (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BULMAN''===

* [[/Reginald Verne Bulman|Bulman, Reginald Verne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJWF-CY2] - 1912(Tas)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 7RL Stanley (1939, 1947-1955); 7RL Kings Meadows (1956); 7RL Stanley (1960); 7RL Gravelly Beach (1965-1969); 4YL Mt Isa (1975); 4YL Malanda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2345, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Legana, Tas, 1936-1937); soldier (Hobart, Tas, 1943); radio technician (Stanley, Tas, 1949-1954); technician (Moranbah, Qld, 1972; Ingham, Qld, 1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977); retired (Kureen via Malanda, Qld, 1980)

===''BUNN''===

* [[/Malcolm Keith Bunn|Bunn, Malcolm Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H61-NPY] - 1907(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1934-1939); 3LF Minyip (1947-1948); 3LF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1954; Kew, 1955-1960); 3SH Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1308, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1931); accountant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); storekeeper (Minyip, Vic, 1949); merchant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BUNTON''===

* [[/George Henry Bunton|Bunton, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGWV-YFR] - 1872(Eng)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Mosman, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Mosman, 1930-1954)

===''BURBIDGE''===

* [[/Philip Arthur Burbidge|Burbidge, Philip Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-7JL] - 1910(Eng)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1931); 2PB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 456, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Camberwell, 1934); manager (Bellevue Hill, 1943)

===''BURBURY''===

* [[/Eric Alfred Burbury|Burbury, Eric Alfred]] - 1894(Tas)-1976(NSW) - early wireless experimenter (Tasmania, unlicensed?), ship wireless operator (1910s), broadcast engineer (AWA, Koo-we-rup; 2FC, chief engineer), brother of Harry Keith Burbury
* [[/Harry Keith Burbury|Burbury, Harry Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - 1897(Tas)-1986(NSW) - engineer (PMGD), brother of Eric Alfred Burbury

===''BURCHELL''===

* [[/C. B. Burchell|Burchell, C. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADZ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURCHILL''===

* [[/Charles Burchill|Burchill, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-8PF] - 1894(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4EM Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1925; Surry Hills, NSW, 1930); fitter (Long Bay Camp, NSW, 1933; Surry Hills, NSW, 1934-1936; Harbord, NSW, 1937); watchman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''BURFORD''===

* [[/Walter Patrick Burford|Burford, Walter Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHM2-CD9] - 1912(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 5PB Naracoorte (1934-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1365, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BURGESS''===

* [[/George Thomas Burgess|Burgess, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W5-N95] - 1913(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5GC Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939; Henley Beach, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1233, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Henley, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas William Watkins Burgess|Burgess, Thomas William Watkins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDZP-X1R] - 1861(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: XDA Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Wagga Wagga, 1901-1903) - TroveTag: &quot;XDA - Thomas William Watkins Burgess&quot;

===''BURGHARD''===

* [[/Hermann August Bernhardt Burghard|Burghard, Hermann or Herman August Bernhardt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-7GW] - 1914(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 2ACL Deniliquin (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1536, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Gardiner, Vic, 1936); bank clerk (Deniliquin, NSW, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); m. vdr (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1969)

===''BURGOYNE''===

* [[/Francis James Burgoyne|Burgoyne, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-1VS] - 1876(Wales)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (VIY, 1913-?); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, South Townsville, 1919); postmaster (Concord, 1930); public servant (Homebush, 1930); postmaster (Homebush, 1933; Strathfield, 1935; Inverell, 1936; Bondi North, 1943)

===''BURING''===

* [[/Rudolph Buring|Buring, Rudolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51C-YVT] - 1906(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 7AX Receive Hobart (1922-1923); Receive Hobart (1923-1924); 7RB Hobart (1925-1933); 3RB Melbourne (Ballarat, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 102, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 166, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: university demonstrator (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Sale, 1936; Ballarat, 1936-1937); engineer (Kew, 1943-1972)

===''BURKE''===

* [[/Eric Keast Burke|Burke, Eric Keast]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S4N-N8X] - 1896(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XHO Sydney (Lindfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; signal corps (1916); WW1 (Light Motor Wireless, 1917; Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1918); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Killara, NSW, 1930-1968); manager (Killara, NSW, 1972) - Links: [[w:Eric Keast Burke|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/burke-eric-keast-9628 ADB]; [https://wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2016/20160818-1/index.php WIA]

* [[/Henry Edward Burke|Burke, Henry Edward &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VG-VX9] - 1906(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MN Sydney (Haberfield, 1934-1939); 2NM Sydney (Ashfield, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1269, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Haberfield, NSW, 1931-1937); traveller (Ashfield, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/R. Burke|Burke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (Elwood, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURKITT''===

* [[/Donald Burkitt|Burkitt, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GK-CXX] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3FP Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2417, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Warrandyte, Vic, 1928; Box Hill, Vic, 1931); bread carter (Doncaster, Vic, 1934-1943)

===''BURLEIGH''===

* [[/Maurice George Burleigh|Burleigh, Maurice George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-J6F] - 1912(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: 7MA Moorina (1938-1939, 1948); 7MA Launceston (1955-1960); 7JU Launceston (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2110, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Nelson, Tas, 1936); electrical engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1936); engineer (Power Station, Moorina, Tas, 1949; Marawaylee, Tas, 1954; Launceston, Tas, 1963)

===''BURMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Horatio Burman|Burman, Arthur Alfred Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-GDR] - 1903(Vic)-1936(Vic)32yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Richmond, 1923); 3CY  Melbourne (St Kilda, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1038, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Coburg, Vic, 1926); engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1928); talkie operator (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''BURMESTER''===

* [[/Otto Conrad Burmester|Burmester, Otto Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWN-7VX] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4OB Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1158, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 31, 1935; 1COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Toowong, Qld, 1943); PMG technician (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BURNETT''===

* [[/John Keith Burnett|Burnett, John Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-G9G] - 1898(SA)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 860, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 155, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Div. Signal Coy., 1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: book-keeper (West Perth, WA, 1921); farmer (Claverley via Norseman, WA, 1922-1925); clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1935); ledgerkeeper (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''BURNS''===

* [[/Claud Edward James Burns|Burns, Claud Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCLY-P7V] - 1893(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4ZY Kingaroy (1932-1939); 4ZY Innisfail (1946-1947); 4ZY Cairns (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 996, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: supervising technician (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''BURRAGE''===

* [[/John Allan Burrage|Burrage, John Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCW4-SLS] - 1916(Vic)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 3UW Melbourne (Deepdene, 1934-1937), 3UW (Shepparton, 1938-1939) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1322, 1934, Vic; BOCP 59, 1936; COCP1 291, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3SR); WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Shepparton, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/burrage-john-allan-400643/]

===''BURROWS''===

* [[/Alan Owen Burrows|Burrows, Alan Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNZG-V74] - 1901(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio correspondent (Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney Sun); proprietor Miss F. V. Wallace (Wireless Shop), 1927-1933; president Waverley Radio Club - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Waverley, 1930-1933) - Comment: Gone too soon

* [[/Ernest Walter Burrows|Burrows, Ernest Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-YQ8] - 1900(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DZ Geraldton (1924-1927); 2DZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 659, 1921; 1COCP 5, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technical assistant (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1949; Earlwood, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frederick Harold Burrows|Burrows, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-TKH] - 1894(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6BH Perth (Claremont, 1922-1924); 6BH Kalgoorlie (1925-1927); 6BF Perth (Beverley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 193, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgoorlie, 1916; Claremont, 1922; Kalgoorlie, 1925); headmaster (Beverley, 1937; Subiaco, 1943-1958); retired (Subiaco, 1963-1972)

* [[/John Charles Fry Burrows|Burrows, John Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKZ-LJ8] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJCD Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 251, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Kew, 1919-1931); representative (Bairnsdale, 1934); commercial (Kew, 1936-1937); superintendent (Caulfield, 1943-1954); manager (Toorak, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lindsay Thomas Burrows|Burrows, Lindsay Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT53-SNL] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3OB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1937; Essendon, 1938-1938; North Essendon, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 900, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTALL''===

* [[/James Evan Robert Burstall|Burstall, James Evan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W1-FCJ] - 1914(NSW)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2QR Sydney (Beecroft, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; West Pennant Hills, 1948-1955; Beecroft, 1956-1969); 2QR Swansea (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1166, 1933, NSW; COCP2 115, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Beecroft, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Swansea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTON''===

* [[/Leonard Raymond Burston|Burston, Leonard Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4B-NNB] - 1918(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3BV Wangaratta (1936-1939); 4BV Townsville (1947); 4LQ Amberley (1954); 2ALR Canberra (1955); 1ALR Canberra (1956); 3AZB Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960); 2AMG Sydney (French's Forest, 1965); 8AG Darwin (1969); 2BBV Blaxland (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1793, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (RAAF, Point Cook, Vic, 1942); RAAF (RAAF Station, Amberley, Qld, 1954; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); RAAF officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963); airman (RAAF, Darwin, NT, 1968); RAAF (Blaxland, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''BURTON''===

* [[/Arthur Reg Burton|Burton, Arthur Reg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-3HM] - 1899(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4FE Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1935-1936; City, 1937-1939; Highgate Hill, 1946-1948); 1FE Heard Island (1954-1955); 4FE Thursday Island (1955-1956); 4FE Normanton (1960); 4FE Labrador (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1563, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); broadcast technician; federal public servant (PMGD) - Relationships: Likely father of 4BM Arthur Henry Burton - Electoral Rolls: artist (Lutwyche, Qld, 1921); picture showman (Beenleigh, Qld, 1922-1926);  motor engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1931-1934; South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); diesel engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Fenton Burton|Burton, Ronald Fenton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-JK8] - 1918(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3IH Charlton (1936-1939); 3IH Melbourne (Essendon, 1948; Pascoe Vale, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1797, 1936, Vic; BOCP 361, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Glenroy, Vic, 1963-1967; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1972)

===''BUSCH''===

* [[/Reginald Talbot Busch|Busch, Reginald Talbot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ3-2P7] - 1907(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3LS Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1923); 3LS Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1939; North Essendon, 1946-1969; Strathmore, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 157, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 286, 1936; 1AOCP 3, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; research engineer (1942) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); research engineer (Essendon, 1942-1968); research (Strathmore, 1972-1977)

===''BUSH''===

* [[/Albert Melville Bush|Bush, Albert Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBB7-DFN] - 1893(Vic)-1964(Vic) - 3YY Bendigo (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 197, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental apprentice (Bendigo, 1914-1919); dentist (Bendigo, 1922-1963)

===''BUSHBY''===

* [[/Thomas Robert William Bushby|Bushby, Thomas Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2G5-KTN] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2TW Bulli (1927-1928); 2TW Sydney (Gladesville, 1929; Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1931-1933; Rose Bay, 1934; Bondi North, 1935-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 368, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 32, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1933); engineer (Rose Bay, 1934; Bellevue Hill, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1937; Kingsgrove, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Bexley, 1958-1963)

===''BUSHELL''===

* [[/Harold Bushell|Bushell, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKNT-PTQ] - 1917(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHG Sydney (Haberfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1961); 2AHG Sussex Inlet (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1969, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943-1958); technician (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BUTCHER''===

* [[/Eric William Butcher|Butcher, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-77S] - 1912(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4EB Brisbane (Lutwyche, 1931-1933; Kedron, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 871, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937); teacher (Grange, Qld, 1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''BUTLER''===

* [[/Alfred Lloyd Butler|Butler, Alfred Lloyd &quot;Lloyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLX-VQ7] - 1924(SA)-2024(SA)99yo - Licences: 5BR Adelaide (Prospect, 1947); 5BR Murray Bridge (1948-1960); 5BR Adelaide (Panorama, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2481, 1941; BOCP 475, 1942; AOCP1 49, 1947; TVOCP 244, 1960 - amateur operator; historian (SA amateur, SA broadcast) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/ldbutler/index.htm Personal Web Site];[https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/ QSL.NET]; [https://ahars.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/VALE-LLOYD-BUTLER.pdf AHARS Obit]; [https://www.wia.org.au/members/wiaawards/pubcomtechnical/ WIA Technical Award 2005]

* [[/Arthur Rogerson Butler|Butler, Arthur Rogerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H3X-61X] - 1889(NZ)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XADL Sydney (Belmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, CMF, 1915); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Belmore, NSW, 1913); real estate agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930-1933); estate agent (Gosford, NSW, 1934; Umina, NSW, 1936-1937; Ettalong Beach, NSW, 1949-1954; Orange Grove, NSW, 1958) - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified

* [[/Doug Butler|Butler, Doug]] -  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD, Telstra Broadcasting); historian (broadcast, Wikipedia) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/L. M. J. Butler|Butler, L. M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDC Singleton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

* [[/Richard Edmund Butler|Butler, Richard Edmund &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQX1-ZPZ] - 1926(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Senior federal public servant (PMGD), Deputy General Secretary ITU 1983-1989, Secretary General ITU 1983-1989 [https://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/ElectedOfficialBio.aspx?off=6]

* [[/William Fitzwalter Cotter Butler|Butler, William Fitzwalter Cotter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z96-6LL] - 1850(Qld)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XDD Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: house agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1913) - Comment: Likely experimenters one or more of his children - Links: [https://butlersutherland.wordpress.com/the-butler-family-from-cork/william-fitzwalter-butler-1850-1920/ Gene]

===''BUTLER-WOOD''===

* [[/Bertie Saywell Butler-Wood|Butler-Wood, Bertie Saywell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXJ2-18J] - 1894(NSW)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West End, Qld, 1919-1925); dentist (West End, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''BUTTERFIELD''===

* [[/George William Butterfield|Butterfield, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L77T-FCW] - 1903(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6GW Perth (South Perth, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 906, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Northam, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977)

===''BUTTERS''===

* [[/William Leslie Butters|Butters, William Leslie W.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2VQ7-BSV] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2WY Bermagui South (1928-1935); 2WY Sydney (Brooklyn, 1936-1938; Cronulla, 1939; Karuah, 1946-1947); 2WY Nambucca Heads (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 464, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Bermagui South, 1930; Brooklyn, 1936); clerk (Erskineville, 1943); retired (Nambucca Heads, 1949)

===''BUTTERWORTH''===

* [[/Cecil Butterworth|Butterworth, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLR-QDG] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Wallsend (1929-1930); 2BU Wallsend (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 540, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wallsend, 1936-1958); manufacturer (Wallsend, 1963-1972); engineer (Rankin Park, 1977-1980)

===''BUZACOTT''===

* [[/Albert Hardie Buzacott|Buzacott, Albert Hardie &quot;Hardie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7YK-QZ6] - 1914(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4UZ Toowoomba (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1242, 1934, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 260, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); radio operator (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Roma, Qld, 1949; Gympie, Qld, 1954-1972; Caloundra, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Norman Buzacott|Buzacott, Richard Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ82-8ZL] - 1909(WA)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3RB Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1926; Burwood, 1931; Camberwell, 1933); 2TD Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1936); 3TD Lubeck (1938-1939); 3TD Melbourne (Balwyn, 1946-1960); 3AUB Melbourne (Reservoir, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 298, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 61, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); broadcast engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1934-1935); engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1936); broadcast engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BYRNE''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Byrne|Byrne, Harold Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQX-32B] - 1884(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3UT Receive Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1923); 3HB Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1933); 3UB Melbourne (Brighton, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 183, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: railway employe (Seymour, Vic, 1909); telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1906; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1910); electrical engineer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1912-1914; Parkville, Vic, 1914-1919); engineer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1928); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''BYRNES''===

* [[/Ronald Byrnes|Byrnes, Ronald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OE Sydney (Crows Nest, 1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1143, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, several contemporaneous RBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''C'''==

===''CAGNEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cagney|Cagney, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-9HV] - 1909(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Rockhampton (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1386, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Palings, piano tuner); associate I.R.E. Aust - Electoral Rolls: musical instrument worker (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1980)

===''CAHILL''===

* [[/William Benjamin Vincent Cahill|Cahill, William Benjamin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP7K-GY5] - 1913(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VC Sydney (Rockdale, 1931-1939; Sutherland, 1946-1950; Sylvania, 1954; Sutherland, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 781, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Sutherland, NSW, 1943-1949; Sylnannia Heights, NSW, 1954; Sutherland, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CAIN''===

* [[/James Henry Cain|Cain, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKN2-48M] - 1866(Isle of Man)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a/g superintendent, Central Mission, Wesley Church, Melbourne, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Mooroopna, 1903; North Melbourne, 1909-1913; Carlton, 1914-1919; Glenferrie, 1921-1924; Auburn, 1924-1927; Kew, 1928-1937)

===''CALDECOTT''===

* [[/Henry William Spencer Caldecott|Caldecott, Henry William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-K3M] - 1908(Canada)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2SM Sydney (Manly, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928-1929; Manly, 1930-1931); 2DA Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 285, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 58, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Balgowlah, 1930-1968); engineer (Balgowlah, 1977-1980)- callsign 2SM withdrawn by PMGD for allocation to 2SM Sydney commercial broadcaster

===''CALDWELL''===

* [[/Aleck Stewart Caldwell|Caldwell, Aleck Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5SS-6BB] - 1903(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley North, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver -  Comment: During 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Donald Pavy Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Black Forest, SA, 1939); assistant (Erindale, SA, 1941-1943) 

* [[/Donald Pavy Caldwell|Caldwell, Donald Pavy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVC2-5NT] - 1907(SA)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 29, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: amateur broadcaster but never held licence in his name, during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Aleck Stewart Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Clapham, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frank David Caldwell|Caldwell, Frank David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FQ9] - 1907(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Bondi, 1930-1936; Concord, 1937; Bondi, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969); 2YF Katoomba (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 587, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 404, 1938; BOCP 186, 1938  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: employee Clyde Engineering Works (Burwood, 1930); mechanic (Bondi, 1936-1937; Waverley, 1949-1958; Bronte, 1963-1968)

* [[/Robert Ballantyne Caldwell|Caldwell, Robert Ballantyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2ZSH-LYB] - 1869(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: father of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell; brother of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: resident engineer (North Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Rupert Christian Caldwell|Caldwell, Rupert Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W3-897] - 1893(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1924); 2JO Sydney (Bondi Junction, 1928; Waverley, 1929-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1937; Bondi, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 415, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Waverley, 1930-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1936; Bondi Beach, 1937-1968); retired (Waverley, 1972; Bondi Beach, 1977; Malabar, 1980)

* [[/William Alexander Caldwell|Caldwell, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y4-P92] - 1881(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5DI Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: brother of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; uncle of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: nil (Glenelg, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CALETTI''===

* [[/Guido Caletti|Caletti, Guido &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-NV5] - 1900(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922; Newtown, 1922); 2CL Sydney (Newtown, 1923; Redfern, 1924; Annandale, 1924-1926; Punchbowl, 1927-1929; Penrose, 1930); 2AHV Sydney (Hurstville, 1938-1939, 1946-1950); licensed operator of 2ZF Newtown District Radio Club 1924 - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 649, 1921 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Punchbowl, 1930); mechanic (Bankstown, 1933); telephone mechanic (Hurstville, 1937-1949)

===''CALLABY''===

* [[/Clarence James Callaby|Callaby, Clarence James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBQ-38C] - 1910(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1934); 3BI Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 546, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Concord, 1933-1935); chemist (Croydon, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (West Ryde, 1943-1958); company director (St Ives, 1963-1968); director (St Ives, 1972-1977)

===''CALLAGHAN''===

* [[/Andrew Theodore Callaghan|Callaghan, Andrew Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7P4-H56] - 1896(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2NA Sydney (Coogee, 1931); 2NA Inverell (1933); 2NA Delungra (1933-1934); 2NA Sydney (Kensington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 733, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1 Australian Wireless Signal Co, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick East, NSW, 1930-1931); senior postal clerk (Inverell, NSW, 1932); postmaster (Delungra, NSW, 1933-1935; Coogee, NSW, 1937); public servant (Ainslie, ACT, 1943); manufacturer's representative (Longueville, NSW, 1949); representative (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Norman Callaghan|Callaghan, Leslie Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTN-LB3] - 1893(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 181, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 9, 1930 - radio telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); wireless engineer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1937); wireless inspector (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118882329 Trove Bio]

===''CALLANDER''===

* [[/Alexander Roy Callender|Callender, Alexander Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-L11] - 1914(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1947-1969; Murrumbeena, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2062, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972); admin officer (Carnegie, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CALLICK''===

* [[/Harold Victor Callick|Callick, Harold Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF4-P45] - 1898(Eng)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Herston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: surgical dresser (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1921-1925; Herston, Qld, 1937-1963; Alderley, Qld, 1943-1949; Herston, Qld, 1954-1958; Chermside, Qld, 1963); retired (Miami, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''CALLOW''===

* [[/Percival James Callow|Callow, Percival James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFB-TR6] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Albion, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Albion, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Glen Kedron, Qld, 1934; Kedron, Qld, 1936-1963); retired (Scarborough, Qld, 1968)

===''CALVERT''===

* [[/John Gibson Calvert|Calvert, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SQ-61Q] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2VT Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1509, 1935, NSW; COCP2 778, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Holbrook, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Sans Souci, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAMERON''===

* [[/A. R. Cameron|Cameron, A. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RC Adelaide (Leabrook, 1931-1938); 2AMK Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. Y. Cameron|Cameron, A. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman McIntyre Cameron|Cameron, Norman McIntyre]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ7-GNH] - 1906(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Casterton (1933-1939); 3NC Casterton (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1095, 1933, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Carapook, Vic, 1928-1954); farmer (Flagstaff Hill, Vic, 1963-1972); pastoral worker (Sandford, Vic, 1977); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Robert Milton Cameron|Cameron, Robert Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXL-HDJ] - 1907(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 3OT Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Malvern, 1924-1933); 2XV Sydney (Waverton, 1935; Cronulla, 1937-1939); 4CS Brisbane (Doomben, 1947; Archerfield, 1948); 3AC Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 112, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 87, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern East, 1931-1934); aeradio operator (Cooktown, 1943); surveyor (Prahran, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3OT-2XV-4CS-3AC - Robert Milton Cameron&quot;

===''CAMPBELL''===

* [[/Dallas Dwyer Campbell|Campbell, Dallas Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ32-236] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KU? Receive Ulmarra (1922-23); 2CU Ulmarra (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 5, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Ulmarra, NSW, 1932-1949); garage proprietor (Ulmarra, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Douglas Gilmore Campbell|Campbell, Douglas Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJBS-NDD] - 1888(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2JO Receive Kyogle (1922-1924); 2DG Kyogle (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 70, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bryan's Gap, NSW, 1913; Round Mountain, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1932; Limpinwood, NSW, 1933; Upper Crystal Creek, NSW, 1934-1937; Kyogle, NSW, 1949); Gardener (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1948); retired (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Frank Valentine Campbell|Campbell, Frank Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-CGN] - 1901(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4GC George Alfred Campbell - Electoral Rolls: wireless expert (South Brisbane, Qld, 1926); mechanic (Kedron, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Kedron, Qld, 1934-1954); electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Campbell|Campbell, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC4J-HG7] - 1849(Sct)-1930(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, South Yarra, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: director (Melbourne, 1903-1913; South Yarra, 1914-1919); chief executive (South Yarra, 1924-1928)

* [[/George Alfred Campbell|Campbell, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-C21] - 1894(Eng)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4GC Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1937-1939, 1947-1960); 4GC Mermaid Beach (1965-1975); 4GC Brisbane (Annerley, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2014, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Frank Valentine Campbell - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West End, Qld, 1925-1926; South Brisbane, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Annerley, Qld, 1968-1972; Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977)

* [[/James Campbell|Campbell, James]] - 1845(Sct)-1893(Vic) - proprietor of engineering business in Ballarat, politician in Victoria, Postmaster-General Victoria (Apr 1884 - Feb 1886)

* [[/John Alan Campbell|Campbell, John Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G2-9MW] - 1899(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDG Melbourne (Toorak, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Nagambie, Vic, 1924; &quot;Soho&quot;, Drysdale, Vic, 1928-1936) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/campbell-john-archibald-195 ADB]

* [[/Mervyn Richmond Campbell|Campbell, Mervyn Richmond &quot;Snow&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN43-2G2] - 1909(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MR Melbourne (Coburg, 1931-1939); 3MR Quambatook (1947); Clyde (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 857, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Air Force, POW) - Electoral Rolls: milker (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942); farmer (Clyde, Vic, 1949-1980) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qname=CAMPBELL&amp;qnum=9190 RAF Commands]

* [[/Neville Douglas Campbell|Campbell, Neville Douglas or Douglas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73C-WVG] - 1912(Tas)-2007(Tas) - Licences: 7NC Hobart (City, 1932-1939, 1946-1956; Sandy Bay, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 993, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (New Town, 1943; Sandy Bay, 1949-1958)

* [[/Robert Campbell|Campbell, Robert]] - 1917(???)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4RC Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1180, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, treasurer, QSL officer) - Comment: numerous contemporaneous RCs - Electoral Rolls: Nile yet identified

===''CANACOTT''===

* [[/George Webster Canacott|Canacott, George Webster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQF-G9B] - 1918(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ACM Sydney (Concord, 1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 168, 1938; COCP1 531, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: National Medal, 1977; Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry, 1977 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943); police constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1954; Concord, NSW, 1958); police sergeant (West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CANAVAN''===

* [[/John Canavan|Canavan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3D-L6T] - 1914(Eng)-2008(WA) - Licences: 6CN Perth (City, 1936-1939); 6ON Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1811, 1936, WA; BOCP 109, 1937; 1COCP 618, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1937; Maylands, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954; Port Hedland, WA, 1958; Bayswater, WA, 1963-1980)

===''CANNING''===

* [[/Frederick Gerald Canning|Canning, Frederick Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN36-NJ6] - 1900(Isle of Man)-1995(UK) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1931; Toorak, 1933-1937); 2AFW Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938; Greenwich, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 675, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Fitzroy, Vic, 1922-1924); constable (South Yarra, Vic, 1926-1928); radio engineer (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943); retired (Portsea, Vic, 1972-1977; Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''CANNON''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Cannon|Cannon, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3C-FHR] - 1899(Qld)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Cobden (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 852, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1943); clerk (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Holden Burtham Cannon|Cannon, Reginald Holden Burtham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HZY-K77] - 1920(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AMB Sydney (Lindfield, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2284, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1943; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; Brighton, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Ronald Fredrick Herrett Cannon|Cannon, Ronald Fredrick or Frederick Herrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7JW-T6L] - 1913(Tas)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7RC Wynyard (1932-1939); 3BRC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 946, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 97, 1937; 1COCP 473, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RAAFWR; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wynyard, 1936-1937); engineer (St Kilda, 1943); radio technician (Auburn, 1949; Hawthorn, 1954-1967); tv hirer (Hawthorn, 1968-1980)

===''CANSICK''===

* [[/Nathan Victor Charles Cansick|Cansick, Nathan Victor Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSJ-CXC] - 1907(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3VE Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3AK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 139, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1931); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937); physicist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''CANT''===

* [[/Alan Cant|Cant, Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGL-WCG] - 1899(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AIQ Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Dulwich Hill, 1946-1950; Hargrave Park, 1954; Padstow, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2003, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943-1949; Hargrave Park, NSW, 1954; Padstow, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAPE''===

* [[/Alfred Vincent Cape|Cape, Alfred Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L243-57P] - 1881(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XEH Grenfell (1912-1914); 2JU Receive Bathurst (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Tucklan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Leadville, NSW, 1932-1943); farmer (The Oaks, NSW, 1949-1954); no occupation (Campbelltown, NSW, 1958)

===''CAPSEY''===

* [[/Henry Capsey|Capsey, Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK9-N58] - 1906(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1936-1939; Forest Lodge, 1946-1948; Chester Hill, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1661, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: French polisher (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1937); radio (Annandale, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Glebe, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949-1968); radio trades (Chester Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CAREY''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Carey|Carey, Francis Joseph &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54V-PD3] - 1904(Qld)-1983(Qld) -  Licences: X?? Toowoomba (1911-1914); 4?? Toowoomba (1922-1923); 2AMI Sydney (Centennial Park, 1933-1939; North Sydney 1946-1954; Fairfield 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1152, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 122, 1938; COCP2 255, 1939 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio club member (QWI) - Halcyon: AOCP NSW 1925?? - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Parramatta North, NSW, 1936); wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1937); announcer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); engineer (Fairfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Thomas Carey|Carey, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y9-TZ8] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 19, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (St Kilda, 1913; West End, Townsville, 1919)

===''CARGILL''===

* [[/Norman Cargill|Cargill, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-S27] - 1917(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1480, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: press hand (Wentworthville, NSW, 1943-1954); radio mechanic (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Teleopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CARLYLE''===

* [[/Arthur Keith Hanham Carlyle|Carlyle, Arthur Keith Hanham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCM7-GD9] - 1909(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1939; East Preston, 1947-1948); - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 990, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Carlton North, Vic, 1931-1937); ironmonger (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''CARNAHAN''===

* [[/John Malcolm Carnahan|Carnahan, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4K-RZX] - 1915(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3BF Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939, 1947-1948; East Bentleigh, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1246, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1937-1949); supervisor (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''CARNE''===

* [[/Ronald Lewis Carne|Carne, Ronald Lewis &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-N3M] - 1910(Fiji)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4RP Hambledon Mill via Cairns (1935); 4RP Innisfail (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1186, 1933, Qld; 3COCP 429, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, 1936-1937); cane inspector (Sherwood, Qld, 1943); assistant cane inspector (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, Qld, 1949-1954); cane inspector (Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1954-1958); manager (Harwood Mill, Harwood Island, NSW, 1963; Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1968); retired (Bowen, Qld, 1972)

===''CARPENTER''===

* [[/Archibald John Carpenter|Carpenter, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPR-BJS] - 1900(WA)-1956(France) - Licences: No known licence - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 376, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Northam, WA, 1925-1936); instructor (South Perth, WA, 1943); firewood vendor (Whyalla, SA, 1948); teacher (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954)

* [[/Norman Dean Carpenter|Carpenter, Norman Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMS-CM8] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1933); 2RK Griffith (1935); 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1936); 2RK Murwillumbah (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 732, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 80, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CARRIE''===

* [[/F. Carrie|Carrie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Glanville, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CARROLL''===

* [[/Charles Michael Carroll|Carroll, Charles Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DK-LXW] - 1907(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CY Melbourne (Ormond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2038, 1937, Vic; COCP1 313, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Richmond North, Vic, 1931; Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1942); public servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Mount Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles William Joseph Carroll|Carroll, Charles William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-62J] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Sydney (Leichhardt, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 935, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 20, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934); radio inspector (Leichhardt, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

* [[/John McLaughlin Carroll|Carroll, John McLaughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DL-SZY] - 1910(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 3KF Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 961, 1932, Vic; COCP2 414, 1941; COCP1 1581, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Mordialloc, Vic, 1931-1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942); radio officer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); technician (Palmyra, WA, 1954-1963)

===''CARRUTHERS''===

* [[/Frederick Albert Carruthers|Carruthers, Frederick Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFR6-DNF] - 1905(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2PF Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923); 2PF Cowra (1933-1937); 2PF Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938-1939, 1946-1958); 2PF (Lismore, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1120, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moss Vale, NSW, 1930; Cowra, NSW, 1933-1936; Arncliffe, NSW, 1937-1958); stipendiary magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CARTER''===

* [[/Albert Edward Carter|Carter, Albert Edward &quot;Birdie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDL-5CB] - 1916(Qld)-2014(Qld) - Licences: 4LT Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 4LT Nanango (1954); 4LT Brisbane (Carina, 1955-1969); 4LT Sunshine Beach (1975); 4LT Tewantin (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2143, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); wholesale grocery (S. Hoffnung &amp; Co); WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AECs - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Nanango, Qld, 1954); departmental manager (Carina, Qld, 1958-1972); retired (Sunshine Beach, Qld, 1977; Tewantin, Qld, 1980))

* [[/Alfred Raymond Carter|Carter, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2W-TY5] - 1913(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AHH Sydney (Coogee, 1937-1938; Bondi, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1974, 1937, NSW; COCP2 672, 1942; COCP1 796, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943-1963); proprietor (Coogee, NSW, 1972); salesman (Ettalong, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Clarence Sydney William Carter|Carter, Clarence Sydney William]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5T1-TXL] - 1902(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Kensington, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Maylands, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 24, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glen Osmond, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Pell Carter|Carter, Frederick Pell or Peel (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-2BC] - 1899(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5GK Adelaide (Mile End, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 761, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service station proprietor (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Richard Carter|Carter, George Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYC-LC1] - 1909(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GC Camperdown (1933-1939); 3GC Melbourne (East Hawthorn, 1947-1956; Bulleen, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1098, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931; Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1936); salesman (Camperdown, Vic, 1937-1943); dental mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954); dental technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1972-1977) 

* [[/H. Carter|Carter, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Graceville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous HCs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Harry Raymond Carter|Carter, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G5-KJT] - 1911(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HC Armidale (1926-1927); 2HC Quirindi (1928-1939, 1946-1980+); 2BE Portable Quirindi (1933-1934); 2AI Portable Quirindi (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 286, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Quirindi, 1933-1980) - Callsign 2BE withdrawn by PMGD for 2BE Bega commercial

* [[/Walter Leslie Carter|Carter, Walter Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLK-3XG] - 1898(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2WL Sydney (Stanmore, 1925-1927; Punchbowl, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 450, 1919 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Campsie, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1933; Rose Bay, 1934-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''CARTY''===

* [[/Bruce Carty|Carty, Bruce]] - historian (broadcast, amateur broadcast), author &quot;Australian Radio History&quot;

===''CASE''===

* [[/Leslie Jonathan Case|Case, Leslie Jonathan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQN-W19] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMJ Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1939); 2MU Sydney (Unanderra, 1946-1955); 2MU Wollongong, 1955-1956); 2MU Sydney (Padstow, 1957; Beverley Hills, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 202, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1943); technician (Unanderra, NSW, 1954); salesman (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1977; Narwee, NSW, 1980)

===''CASS''===

* [[/Moses Henry Cass|Cass, Moses Henry &quot;Moss&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-NTP] - 1927(WA)-2022(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - doctor; driver for establishment of community radio and SBS Radio - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cass-moses-henry-moss-32316 Obituaries Australia]

===''CASSIDY''===

* [[/John Joseph Cassidy|Cassidy, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYZ-GYJ] - 1901(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3JC Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JJCs - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1934); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954)

===''CASTLE''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Castle|Castle, Clarence Henry &quot;Clarry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-7GR] - 1915(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5KL Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939); 5KL Darwin (1947-1948); 5KL Adelaide (Enfield Heights, 1954-1965; Enfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1209, 1933, SA; 2COCP 263, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CASWELL''===

* [[/Archibald Harold Caswell|Caswell, Archibald Harold &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-Y3X] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) -  Licences: 4CB Murgon (1934-1939); 4CB Maryborough (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1340, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (POW); business proprietor (garage) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954-1972); retired (Torquay, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CATFORD''===

* [[/Lester Evans Catford|Catford, Lester Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDD8-RCB] - 1911(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LC Gladstone (1931-1939, 1947); 5LC Adelaide (Malvern, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 789, 1931, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 357, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Lance Maynard Catford|Catford, Lance Maynard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQR-K2W] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5XL Clare (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2372, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: share farmer (Clare, SA, 1939)

===''CATHCART''===

* [[/Francis Cathcart|Cathcart, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK8-P99] - 1867(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XJDJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''CATT''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Catt|Catt, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JP-4LP] - 1905(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AD Sydney Five Dock, 1934); 2FU Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1297, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AD amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2AD Armidale commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1933); electrical engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935); installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); electrical installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1958); technical officer (Caringbah, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1977; Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

===''CAVANAGH''===

* [[/William Mortimer Cavanagh|Cavanagh, William Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-GPH] - 1908(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Warburton (1923-1924); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925); 2WC Sydney (Potts Point, 1928); 2WC Goulburn (1930); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Williamstown, 1937-1939); 2WC Wauchope (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 214, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 598, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Goulburn, NSW, 1930; St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934); radio dealer (Wauchope, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''CAVE''===

* [[/Norman Cave|Cave, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB7-G73] - 1898(Eng?)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1925-1926); operator of Wills &amp; Co Receive licence 1924 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 129, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF Wireless Operator); foundation member Tasmanian Gliding Club (instructor); returned to England 1931; likely Wing Commander RAF in WW2; possibly lost in SE Asia 1942 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWOOD''===

* [[/Greville Charles Cawood|Cawood, Greville Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXH-PPM] - 1903(NSW)-1994(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bellingen (1923); 2GC Ulong (1926); 2GC Dorrigo (1927-1928); 2ALC Sydney (Waverley, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWTHRON''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Cawthron|Cawthron, Edward Joseph &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBH-9SX] - 1908(NSW)-1964(SA) - Licences: 2JC Sydney (Concord, 1926-1933; Neutral Bay, 1931; Concord, 1933; Five Dock, 1933); 2VA Sydney (City, 1931); 2EJ Sydney (City, 1931); 5JC Adelaide (Kent Town, 1937-1939); 5JE Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954; Somerton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 308, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, 1943)

===''CECIL''===

* [[/Clyde Cecil|Cecil, Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN5-XYG] - 1898(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6AB Kalgoorlie (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 154, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener, Kalgoorlie) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Kalgoorlie, 1919); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, 1921-1925; Maylands, 1928-1937); metallurgist (Nedlands, 1943); physicist (Nedlands, 1949-1954); school principal (Triggs Island, 1958-1963)

===''CHADWICK''===

* [[/Richard Howel Chadwick|Chadwick, Richard Howel (Electoral Rolls) or Howell (BMD) &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3PQ-6HH] - 1896(NZ)-1955(Qld) - Licences: 4GU Brisbane (Wilston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1197, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (travelling salesman) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Zillmere, Qld, 1921); salesman (Wilston, Qld, 1925-1954)

===''CHAFFER''===

* [[/Edward Martin Chaffer|Chaffer, Edward Martin &quot;Martin&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1Z-B3P] - 1905(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1927); 6XF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1933); 2AEK Sydney (Potts Point, 1938); 3MH Hamilton (1947); 3MH Ballarat (1948); 3MH Swan Hill (1954); 3MH Melbourne (Preston, 1955-1956; Moonee Ponds, 1965-1969; Doncaster, 1975-1980) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 354, 1927, No. ?? in Vic; 3COCP 304, 1937; 2COCP 113, 1937; 1COCP 151, 1937 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIA Vic Essendon, treasurer, 1924), placed 2nd for best complete station Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1924; placed second for best complete station at Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1925; placed 10th in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926; broadcast engineer (3HA, 3BA, 3SH), Dept Civil Aviation 1930s, military (WW2, 1942+) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, 1942; Ballarat, 1949; Swan Hill, 1954; Preston, 1963); radio technician (Moonee Ponds, 1967-1968); retired (Doncaster, 1977-1980) - Relationships: father of 3AII Ken Chaffer

===''CHALLEN''===

* [[/Peter Robert Challen|Challen, Peter Robert]] - 1848(Eng)-1905(Vic) - early telephone, telephony &amp; wireless experimenter, employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Electrical Office &amp; Postmaster), radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), associate of Henry Walter Jenvey, William Philip Bechervaise &amp; George Smibert

===''CHALLENDER''===

* [[/Gerard Challender|Challender, Gerard &quot;Gerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CR-1DT] - 1910(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Merewether (1933); 2OF Sydney (Glebe, 1933; Broadmeadow, 1934); 2ZS Kempsey (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1076, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; high profile participation 1950 Kempsey floods; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Merewether, NSW, 1933; Broadmeadow, NSW, 1935; Homebush, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; West Kempsey, NSW, 1949);

===''CHALLENGER''===

* [[/George Reginald Challenger|Challenger, George Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3YQ-ZZB] - 1902(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Auburn, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;2GC - George Reginald Challenger&quot;

===''CHAMBERS''===

* [[/Francis Rupert Chambers|Chambers, Francis Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYY2-JKX] - 1898(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 247, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, 1924-1925); contractor (Geraldton, 1931; Mt Waverley, 1934-1936); linesman (Seaford, 1937; Frankston, 1942); technician (Frankston, 1949; Seaford, 1954); retired (Upwey, 1963; McRae, 1968)

* [[/Walter Alfred Chambers|Chambers, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3N6-VX1] - 1889(Qld)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 151, 1915; 2COCP 100, 1930; 1COCP 96, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Thursday Island, 1912-1913); radio telegraphist (Wyndham, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Subiaco, 1917); radio telegraphist (Esperance, 1921-1925); officer-in-charge (Geraldton, 1925); radio officer (Como, 1931-1934; Esperance, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Como, 1943-1968)

===''CHAMPION''===

* [[/Ellis Colin Clark Champion|Champion, Ellis Colin Clark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHH2-QXC] - 1916(Tas)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2CN Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938, 1946-1948); 2AVC Sydney (Ryde, 1955-1956; Pymble, 1957-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2113, 1938, NSW; BOCP 538, 1943; COCP2 779, 1943; COCP1 792, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Waverley, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Ryde, NSW, 1954); company director (Turramurra, NSW, 1968); director (Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CHANDLER''===

* [[/Alfred William Herbert Chandler|Chandler, Alfred William Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9L-WGV] - 1905(Vic)-2010(Vic)105yo - Licences: 3WH Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1931; Caulfield, 1933-1938); 3LC Melbourne (Malvern, 1956; Armadale, 1960; Glen Iris, 1965-1975; Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 874, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); merchant (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1968; Glen Iris, 1972-1977) - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/johnchandler/documents/My%20Baptist%20Forebares.pdf Full Radio Biography]

* [[/Edward James Chandler|Chandler, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSM-3P1] - 1910(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Townsville (1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2384, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belgian Gardens, Qld, 1931-1949); business manager (Rosslea Estate, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry George Chandler|Chandler, Henry George or George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9K-PF9] - 1909(Eng)-19??(Vic?) - Licences: 3AC Ballarat (1933); 3AC Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1142, 1929; 2COCP 158, 1938; BOCP 190, 1938; 1COCP 301, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1937); airman (Coburg West, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Beals Chandler|Chandler, John Beals]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HN-HXH] - 1887(Eng)-1962(Qld) - principal (4BC); proprietor (J. B. Chandler &amp; Co., 1913-1962); Lord Mayor Brisbane (1940-1952); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - don't confuse D. W. Chandler early wireless experimenter - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chandler-sir-john-beals-9724 ADB]

* [[/R. Chandler|Chandler, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Newtown, 1923); 2193 Sydney (Newtown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHANNON''===

* [[/H. D. Channon|Channon, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2BO Receive Inverell (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Lloyd Lister Channon|Channon, Lloyd Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD59-4NS] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Receive Manilla (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Elsmore, 1913); postal official (Raymond Terrace, 1930-1949)

===''CHAPMAN''===

* [[/Austin Chapman|Chapman, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYW-3F4] - 1864(NSW)-1926(NSW) - occupations (apprentice saddler, hotelier), politician (Postmaster-General, 1905-1907), oversight of Commonwealth Wireless Telegraphy conference Melbourne 1907 - Links: [[w:Austin Chapman|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chapman-sir-austin-5554 ADB]

* [[/Bruce Amundsen Chapman|Chapman, Bruce Amundsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-575] - 1912(WA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BA Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1958; St Ives, 1960-1969 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 696, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Chatswood, 1935-1937); clerk (Balgowlah, 1949-1958; St Ives, 1963-1968)

* [[/E. B. Chapman|Chapman, E. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank William Chapman (Qld)|Chapman, Frank William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC5-KB3] - 1898(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4XL Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939); 4ZFC Brisbane (Ekibin, 1965); 4TH Brisbane (Ekibin, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 785, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Salisbury, Qld, 1928); labourer (Yeronga, Qld, 1929-1937); waterside worker (Paddington, Qld, 1943-1949); PMG technician (Ekibin, Qld, 1954-1972)

* [[/Frank William Chapman (WA)|Chapman, Frank William (WA)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXD-TFK] - 1918(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CC Perth (Manning Park, 1954-1965; Bassendean, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3319, 1953, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Chidlow, WA, 1949); teacher (Manning Park, WA, 1954-1963); technical school principal (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1963); teacher (Bassendean, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1980)

* [[/Harrison Chapman|Chapman, Harrison &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-2C5] - 1909(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1922); 3GU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1929-1939, 1946-1965; Flinders, 1965-1975; Hawthorn, 1980+); 3AGU Portable Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1948-1956; Flinders, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 513, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1AOCP 32, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, 1931-1936); chemist (Geelong, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942; Ivanhoe, 1949-1954); chemical engineer (Ivanhoe, 1963); minister of religion (Flinders, 1968); clergyman (Flinders, 1972-1977)

* [[/Michael Nason Chapman|Chapman, Michael Nason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-JCB] - 1881(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XAAR Springwood (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1930-1937); no occupation (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1943) - Comment: Beware another contemporaneous Michael Nason Chapman in Sydney district

* [[/Owen George Chapman|Chapman, Owen George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YX-YLK] - 1904(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2OC Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 669, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wyong, 1930-1958)

* [[/Percival Carnew Lamont Chapman|Chapman, Percival Carnew Lamont &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-5M8] - 1911(Qld)-2008(Qld) - 4PC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1933); 4PC Babinda (1937-1939); 4PC Monto (1946-1975); 4PC Point Vernon (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1155, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); occupation (power house engineer/manager) - Relationships: father of Geoff Chapman 4CET - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1943; Monto, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Point Vernon, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Chapman|Chapman, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZ2X-8KG] - 1890(Tas)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 116, 1915; 1COCP 63, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal wireless operator; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1925); officer-in-charge (Radio Station Applecross, 1931-1954)

===''CHAPPELL''===

* [[/Lloyd Arthur Chappell|Chappell, Lloyd Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69G-SB9] - 1911(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7LC Ross (1936-1937); 7LC Winnaleah (1938-1939); 7LC Hobart (Kingston, 1947-1955; Sandy Bay, 1956-1975; Coles Bay, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1828, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 172, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ross, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Queenstown, 1943; Kingston, 1949-1958)

===''CHARLES''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Charles|Charles, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QC-V3V] - 1916(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5YQ Adelaide (North Unley, 1935-1939; Unley, 1947-1948; Ascot Park, 1954-1956; Hyde Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1443, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Unley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Gordon Bendall Charles|Charles, Gordon Bendall Hura?]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-G7Z] - 1911(NZ)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Coogee, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1258, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Coogee, NSW, 1932-1943); radio technician (Coogee, NSW, 1949-1963); liaison officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''CHARLESWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald Denison Charlesworth|Charlesworth, Reginald Denison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1M-CKJ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2CI Receive Sydney (Haberfield, 1922); 2CI Sydney (Haberfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: migrated to Fiji mid 1920s, returned to Australia mid 1930s - Electoral Rolls: factory manager (Summer Hill, 1933); engineer (Haberfield, 1935-1937); Lane Cove, 1943); radio engineer (Dee Why, 1949-1954); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1958-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2CI - Reginald Denison Charlesworth&quot;

===''CHARLTON''===

* [[/Noel Benson Charlton|Charlton, Noel Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCF9-CLT] - 1897(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: XII Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''CHARTERIS''===

* [[/Michael Charteris|Charteris, Michael]] - 4QS Ipswich &amp; Maryborough - amateur operator, historian (amateur)

===''CHATFIELD''===

* [[/Robert Greatham Chatfield|Chatfield, Robert Greatham &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK92-9L1] - 1900(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: ZL2AV Wellington (1925-1954+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 1925, No. ?? in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clubs (Wellington Amateur Radio Club 2WB, member and one time president) - Relationships: father of Don Chatfield ZL2SG - QSLs: substantial early portion (100+) of QSL collection survives - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wellington, 1922); salesman (Wellington, 1931-1954); retired (Wellington, 1963-1972)

===''CHATTERTON''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Chatterton|Chatterton, Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZWW-952] - 1902(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: 7AY Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hobart, 1925-1928)

===''CHAUVEL''===

* [[/Walter Temple Frank Chauvel|Chauvel, Walter Temple Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH5T-WNQ] - 1902(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Stanthorpe (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1925-1928); grazier (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1928-1943); radio engineer (Texas, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''CHEEL''===

* [[/Charles Reginald Cheel|Cheel, Charles Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N1J-PTC] - 1890(Vic)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5CR Adelaide (Maylands, 1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1278, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHEN''===

* [[/Paul Chen|Chen, Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDP-4H6] - 1913(China)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2063, 1937, Vic; BOCP 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHENNELL''===

* [[/Victor Chennell|Chennell, Victor &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBH-1XV] - 1907(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5JH Adelaide (Norwood, 1927-1933; Cowandilla, 1937-1939; North Adelaide, 1946-1956; Ascot Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 346, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer? (Goodwood Park, 1939)

===''CHESSELL''===

* [[/John Carl Chessell|Chessell, John Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2M1-9GS] - 1900(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 3JW Receive Melbourne (Surry Hills, 1922); 2LV Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1929-1934); 2YU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1935-1936; Ashfield, 1937-1939); 2AFL Sydney (Careel Bay, 1948-1950); 2ER Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1948-1950); 2BJC Sydney (Ashfield, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 517, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1921); electrician (Lewisham, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (The Esplanade, NSW, 1949; Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Ashfield, NSW, 1980)

===''CHESTERFIELD''===

* [[/John Henry Chesterfield|Chesterfield, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVH-3SK] - 1895(Vic)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Wayville, 1924-1926); 2ACQ Sydney (Strathfield, 1937-1939); 4HJ Brisbane (Cleveland, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 23, 1914; 1COCP 266, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1931-1935); department manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, 1936; Pymble, NSW, 1943; Cleveland, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''CHICK''===

* [[/Keith Ferdinand Chick|Chick, Keith Ferdinand or Ferdernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6P4-SHY] - 1907(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3FV Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2015, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Aspendale, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1934-1949); army (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954); army officer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Garth Chick|Chick, Leonard Garth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SW-7PJ] - 1918(Tas)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 7LG Launceston (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1973, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 227, 1939; 2COCP 550, 1941; 1COCP 1264, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Swan Point, 1944); aeradio operator (Lindisfarne, 1949); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954); draftsman (East Keilor, 1963-1968); surveyor (Forster, 1977-1980)

===''CHILTON''===

* [[/Frederick Oliver Chilton|Chilton, Frederick Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-XFL] - 1905(NSW)-2007(NSW)102yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Wahroonga, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 147, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receive operator; military (Brigadier); awards (Knighted) - Relationships: brother of 2RC Robert Ralph Chilton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943); civil servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Clareville Beach, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Frederick Oliver Chilton|Wikipedia]]

* [[/George Frederick Chilton|Chilton, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CR-41Q] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1924; Carlingford, 1925); 4GD Townsville (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 160, 1915; 1COCP 10, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal operator (VIG, VIB, VIS, VIT, Rockbank); wireless telegraphist (PMG); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917); federal public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1919-1921); radio stationmaster (South Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenferrie, 1927; Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1942); engineer (St Kilda, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert Ralph Chilton|Chilton, Robert Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-821] - 1907(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1925-1926); 2RC Gloucester (1927); 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1928-1939, 1946-1947; Roseville East, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 152, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist assistant (Wahroonga, 1933); chemist (Stanthorpe, 1954-1963; Sherwood, Qld, 1972) - Relationships: brother of Frederick Oliver Chilton

===''CHILVER''===

* [[/Gwenneth Mary Chilver|Chilver formerly Churchward nee Holland, Gwenneth Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-KH6] - 1923(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3US Leongatha (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3894, 1960, Vic - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3DI James Daniel Chilver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Leongatha South, Vic, 1954); home duties (Vermont, Vic, 1958; Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968) 

* [[/James Daniel Chilver|Chilver, James Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-V7Y] - 1913(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DI Tarwin (1936-1937); 3DI Leongatha (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1790, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Husband of 3US Gwenneth Mary Chilver - Electoral Rolls: farming (Tarwin, Vic, 1936-1937; Leongatha, 1943-1954); sales (Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''CHINERY''===

* [[/Jessie Camelia Chinery|Chinery or Chinnery, Jessie Camelia]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMP-6NZ] - 1915(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6JC Perth (Welshpool, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1866, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Welshpool, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''CHINNER''===

* [[/Harry Edward Chinner|Chinner, Harry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVJ7-SXT] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Sydney (Randwick, 1933-1939; Maroubra, 1946-1954; Kirrawee, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1081, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 142, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: contractor (East Maitland, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Randwick North, NSW, 1931-1937); foreman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1954); supervisor (Kirrawee, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CHIPPINDALL''===

* [[/Eric Kellett Chippindall|Chippindall, Eric Kellett &quot;Chippy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFCB-MNZ] - 1916(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939); 4XR Gympie (1946-1969); 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1940, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4SB, 4BU, 4LG, 4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1949); announcer-engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1954-1958); shopkeeper (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Chippindall|Chippindall, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTT-PJC] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3VU Melbourne (Coburg West, 1933-1939); 4VU Brisbane (Northgate, 1947-1948); 3VU Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1238, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1942; Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CHISHOLM''===

* [[/Graham St Clair Chisholm|Chisholm, Graham St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX47-TTR] - 1915(Qld)-2002(WA) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933); 3ACG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1948); 5PG Darwin (1955-1956); 1AB Canberra (Canberra City, 1960; Ainslie, 1965); 6IB Perth (Dalkeith, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1101, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 18, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (3SR, Shepparton, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1954); broadcaster (Reid, ACT, 1958; Ainslie, ACT, 1963; Dalkeith, WA, 1968-1972); manager (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

===''CHITHAM''===

* [[/William Norman Chitham|Chitham, William Norman &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-KJK] - 1912(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4UU Brisbane (Bulimba, 1933-1934; Fortitude Valley 1937-1939; Cannon Hill, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 913, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor, QSL officer); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cannon Hill, 1949-1963); buyer (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''CHOATE''===

* [[/Roger Sidney Choate|Choate, Roger Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQX-RW3] - 1913(Irl)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6RK Harvey (1930-1933); 6RK Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6RK Dardanup (1947); 6RK Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1956; Salters Point, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 714, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 42, 1936; 3AIR 1121, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Squadron Leader) - Awards: Military Division OBE [[w:1964_Birthday_Honours|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1937; Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Melville, WA, 1943); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); surveyor (Salters Point, WA, 1963-1968; Manning, WA, 1972-1977) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1513688 AWM] [https://www.ozatwar.com/raaf/shepherdshillradar.htm OzAtWar]

===''CHOULES''===

* [[/George Henry Choules|Choules, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK5-XZF] - 1902(Eng)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Homebush, 1937-1938; Enfield, 1939); 3AHB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East Malvern, 1954-1965; Blairgowrie, 1969; St Andrews, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1972; St Andrews, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CHOY''===

* [[/Howe Choy|Choy, Howe]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAG Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHRISMAS''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Chrismas|Chrismas, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YC-FC2] - 1892(NSW)-1950(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 250, 1916; 1COCP 31, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916); wireless operator (Wyndham, 1917; Applecross, 1925); radio telegraphist (Broome, 1931; Geraldton, 1936-1949)

===''CHUGG''===

* [[/Richard Chugg|Chugg, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q9V-D49] - 1858(Sct)-1925(Vic) - Licences: XOQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: art dealer (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915)

===''CHURN''===

* [[/George Churn|Churn, George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XG Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 897, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified; Surname may be misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CIALLELLA''===

* [[/Rebecca Michelle Ciallella|Ciallella, Rebecca Michelle]] - historian (broadcast); author - Links: [https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40783/  The Shaping of a Voice: The Early Years of 6WF]

===''CLAFFEY''===

* [[/Keighran James Claffey|Claffey, Keighran James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84R-LLP] - 1903(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Deniliquin (1928-1939); 2AK Picton (1946); 2AK Deniliquin (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 459, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarrandale, 1949; Deniliquin, 1954; Yarrandale, 1958-1963); retired (Deniliquin, 1977-1980)

===''CLARK''===

* [[/Allan Bernard Clark|Clark, Allan or Alan or Allen Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-VV3] - 1912(???)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ALO Martins Creek (1939); 2ALO Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1965; Wiley Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2257, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1935); fettler (Werris Creek, NSW, 1936; Hornsby, NSW, 1943; Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1968); rail examiner (Lakemba, NSW, 1972-1977); doorman (Lakemba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Francis Thomas Clark|Clark, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-CJH] - 1903(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3FC Rainbow (1928); 3FC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933; Elwood, 1937; St Kilda, 1938); 3FC Mildura (1946-1947); 3FC Ouyen (1948-1960); 3FC Geelong (Leopold, 1969; Clifton Springs, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 426, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Rainbow, 1925); postal clerk (Rainbow, 1928); clerk (St Kilda, 1931-1937); senior postal clerk (Red Cliffs, 1942); postmaster (Ouyen, 1949-1954); retired (Clifton Springs, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank P. R. Clark|Clark, Frank P. R.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFG-WRN] - 1900(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924); 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1925) - Qualifications: AOCP 122, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: gone too soon - Trovetag: &quot;2YF - Frank P. R. Clark&quot;

* [[/J. Clark|Clark or Clarke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Vaucluse, 1934; Dee Why, 1935; CBD, 1936-1939, 1947); 2DZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948); 2DZ Merewether (1950-1954); 2DZ Newcastle (Adamstown, 1955-1961; Beresfield, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leopold Francis Clark|Clark, Leopold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273Q-3D5] - 1902(Tas)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7CK Natone (1932-1939); 7CK Burnie (1946-1948); Deloraine (1954-1969); Lanena (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 989, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Natone, 1928-1936; Burnie, 1943-1949); grazier (Needles, 1954; Deloraine, 1963)

* [[/Raymond John Clark|Clark, Raymond John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWS-RGF] - 1910(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3VO Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2359, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fish merchant (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-1967)

===''CLARKE''===

* [[/Albert Irvin Keith Clarke|Clarke, Albert Irvin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1L-D6Z] - 1896(WA)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2IC Sydney (Earlwood, 1931-1939, 1946-1975; Narrabeen, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 729, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coach builder (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1972); retired (Narrabeen, NSW, 1977)

* [[/F. P. R. Clarke|Clarke, F. P. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Gunner Clarke|Clarke, Gunner]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFN Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Ross Clarke|Clarke, James Ross]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 962, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRCs - Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Percival Fraser Clarke|Clarke, Percival Fraser &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ3-4J2] - 1896(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4PY Ayr (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1781, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jarvisfield, Qld, 1919-1937; Aspley, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/R. Clarke|Clarke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Auburn, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Allan Clarke|Clarke, Reginald Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MC-GMQ] - 1919(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2213, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Warren Cecil Clarke|Clarke, Warren Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1G-MDD] - 1928(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ASM Sydney (Brookvale, 1947; Broadway, 1948-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1955; Brookvale, 1956-1961; Balgowlah, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2836, 1948, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Pyrmont, NSW, 1949); press photographer (Dee Why, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); photographer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Warren Ross Clarke|Clarke, Warren Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NT-LSN] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Mosman,1930-1933; Asquith, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: AOCP 650, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 6, 1934; 1COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Asquith, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1936); radio officer (Mosman, 1943); flight radio officer (Mosman, 1949-1954); clerk (Glenbrook, 1963); travel consultant (Glenbrook, 1972); clerk (Merrylands, 1972); planner (North Rocks, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Clarke|Clarke, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ2-1QS] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 32, 1930 - RANRS (temp Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: several contemporaneous WGCs - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Townsville, 1916); seaman (HMAS Encounter, Geelong, 1919); biograph operator (Langwarrin Military Camp, Vic, 1919); hotel manager (Naval Base Hotel, South Fremantle, 1931)

===''CLAY''===

* [[/Richard George Clay|Clay, Richard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZZ-LGN] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Northcote, 1929; Alphington, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 536, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Northcote, 1925-1927); welder (Northcote, 1928); electric welder (Alphington, 1931); welder (Richmond, 1936-1937; Alphington, 1942; Northcote, 1949); contractor (Traralgon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Henry Victor Clay|Clay, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-CN9] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Sydney (Maroubra, 1932-1933; Ryde, 1933-1934; Gladesville, 1935; Ryde, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 943, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 428, 1933; COCP1 509, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1933); constable (Ryde, NSW, 1934-1943); sawmiller (North Ryde, NSW, 1949); technician (Dural, NSW, 1958); radio technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1963; Oakville, NSW, 1968); grazier (Nabiac, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Iluka, NSW, 1980)

===''CLAYTON''===

* [[/Maisie Ian Jesson Clayton|Rawson nee Clayton, Maisie Ian Jesson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RT-25P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 488, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Artarmon, 1937); engineer (Kirribilli, 1949); radio engineer (Lane Cove, 1954-1963); engineer (Lane Cove, 1968-1972); home duties (Lane Cove, 1977-1980) - Lady:

* [[/Maurice Charles Clayton|Clayton, Maurice Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86J-HX3] - 1912(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1930-1931); 5ZC Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 596, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon (24yo)

* [[/Walter George Gladstone Clayton|Clayton, Walter George Gladstone &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3XN-J1N] - 1918(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4WG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4WG Brisbane (Windsor, 1946-1969); 4WG Townsville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1868, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF Signals); state public servant (Qld Railways, supervising tech. comms.) - Relationships: uncle of Maise Ian Jesson Rawson nee Clayton (Radio Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Windsor, 1954-1968); technician (Townsville, 1972-1980)

===''CLEBURNE''===

* [[/Eric William Cleburne|Cleburne, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-3WZ] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AII Sydney (Gordon, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1946-1950; Willoughby East, 1954-1958); 2BII Bermagui South (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2025, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gordon, NSW, 1935-1937); wireless operator (Gordon, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Willoughby, NSW, 1954-1958); manager (Croydon, Vic, 1958-1968); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CLEMENS''===

* [[/Henry Clemens|Clemens, Henry]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 970, 1932, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HCs; Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CLIFF''===

* [[/Harry Cliff|Cliff, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-WYZ] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HC Melbourne (Essendon, 1928-1948; Heidelberg, 1954-1975); 3HC Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 400, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Comment: pre 1928 is another Harry Cliff - Electoral Rolls: implement maker (Moonee Ponds, 1906); engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1928); clerk (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); company secretary (North Melbourne, 1943); director (Ivanhoe, 1954-1968; Heidelberg, 1972); retired (Point Lonsdale, 1977-1980)

===''CLIFFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Glendenning Clifford|Clifford, Herbert Glendenning]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTS-4CN] - 1882(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5BW Receive Renmark (1923); Receive Renmark (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Renmark, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CLINCH''===

* [[/Frederick Gladstone Clinch|Clinch, Frederick Gladstone &quot;Glad&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5P-TWM] - 1898(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6JR Greenough (1928-1933); 6FG Miling (1960); 6FG Perth (Doubleview, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 468, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 6CL Ian Harold Wilson Clinch - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Greenough, 1922-1943); garage proprietor (Miling, 1958); retired (Doubleview, 1963-1972)

* [[/Ian Harold Wilson Clinch|Clinch, Ian Harold Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQX-YS1] - 1926(WA)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6CL Miling (1960-1965); 6CL Dandaragan (1969); 6CL Rossmoyne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3596, 1957, WA - amateur operator, WW2 - Relationships: son of 6JR-6FG Frederick Gladstone Clinch - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leederville, 1949); manager (Miling, 1958-1963); radio technician (Dongara, 1968); technician (Rossmoyne, 1972-1980)

===''CLOSS''===

* [[/Alvin Theodore Closs|Closs, Alvin Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-HG7] - 1895(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: V750 Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922); 3GV Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Brighton, 1917); storekeeper (Olinda, 1924-1931); salesman (Olinda, 1934-1937); civil servant (Tunstall, 1943-1954); retired (Yarra Junction, 1963-1972)

===''CLOUGH''===

* [[/James Edward Clough|Clough, James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QV-KGG] - 1887(NSW)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 483, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918)  - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Sea Lake, Vic, 1912); telegraphist (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, Vic, 1915; Prahran, Vic, 1916-1917); postmaster (Sunshine, Vic, 1924-1927; Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''CLUNNE''===

* [[/Edward James Clunne|Clunne, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKD-4W1] - 1914(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2DK Sydney (Merrylands, 1932-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1060, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Occupation machinist in deceased estate file - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Granville, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''CLYNE''===

* [[/Alec Henry Clyne|Clyne, Alec Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YX-G45] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3VX Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; East Prahran, 1947-1948; Carnegie, 1954-1960); 3ACC Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1965; Glen Waverley, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1620, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3HZ Edgar Murray Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1963; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Edgar Murray Clyne|Clyne, Edgar Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QB-W1W] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923); 3HZ Shepparton (1935-1937); 3HZ Warragul (1938-1939, 1947); 3HZ Shepparton (19481965); 3HZ Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1558, 1935, Vic; BOCP 51, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VX-3ACC Alec Henry Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1931-1937; Warragul, Vic, 1942); manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''COADE''===

* [[/Ernest Coade|Coade, Ernest]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rutherglen, 1914); mechanic (Thursday Island, 1919)

===''COAKLEY''===

* [[/Thomas James Coakley|Coakley, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX24-W7T] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 5UK Adelaide (Unley, 1933-1939); 3IU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Essendon, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1105, 1933, No. ?? in SA, 3COCP 61, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: aero fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''COALTER''===

* [[/Martin Coalter|Coalter, Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSR-STB] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1, 1914 - ship wireless operator? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COATE''===

* [[/Edward Fordham Coate|Coate, Edward Fordham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-SQZ] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3AIP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1965-1969; Lower Templestowe, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 26, 1936; AOLCP 884, 1960; AOCP 4053, 1962, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''COATES''===

* [[/Alfred Melbourne Coates|Coates, Alfred Melbourne or Melbourne Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-MCZ] - 1884(???)-1964(Vic) - Licences: V757 Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922); 3GG Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (USA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1921-1937; Kalorama, 1943-1954)

===''COATH''===

* [[/Stanley Pascall Coath|Coath, Stanley Pascall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQB-4C4] - 1913(Vic)-2010(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (West Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1363, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''COBB''===

* [[/Victor Lindsay Cobb|Cobb, Victor Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB7Y-Q52] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1881, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1954; Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''COCHRANE''===

* [[/Athol Brien Cochrane|Cochrane, Athol Brien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKF-1FK] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAEK Sydney (Longueville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals Coy, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COCKS''===

* [[/Leonard Wilfred Sidney John Cocks|Cocks, Leonard Wilfred Sidney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP2-8K3] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2DF Sydney (Eastwood, 1933-1939; Arncliffe, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1224, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Arncliffe, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''COFFEY''===

* [[/Henry Freeman Coffey|Coffey, Henry Freeman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3QL-BR1] - 1885(Irl)-1934(NSW) - Licences: 4KY Brisbane (Doomben, 1925-1926; Hamilton, 1927); 2ZY Sydney (Willoughby, 1929; Maroubra, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 52, 1915; 1COCP 12, 1930 - Halycyon: AOCP Brisbane 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless operator (Marconi, White Star, Booth Steamship, Iquitos Steamship, Union Castle); RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal operator (CRS, PMGD, AWA); federal public servant - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Middle Park, Vic, 1919); engineer (Malvern East, 1922-1924); radiostation master (Thursday Island, 1925); wireless operator (Doomben, Qld, 1925-1928); engineer (Chatswood, 1930); wireless mechanic (Maroubra, 1930-1934)

===''COFFIN''===

* [[/Robert George Coffin|Coffin, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXT-CSG] - 1911(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3NU Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1960); 3ANU Mobile Aboard Vessel &quot;Carole G&quot; (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1767, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963)

===''COGHLAN''===

* [[/John Leo Coghlan|Coghlan, John Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV3-1F4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3ST Melbourne (St Kilda, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1777, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bunyip, Vic, 1931-1934); driver (St Kilda West, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''COHEN''===

* [[/Derrick Cohen|Cohen, Derek or Derrick Simeon &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCF-DR7] - 1914(Eng)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2YM Sydney (Dobroyd Point, 1932-1933; Kings Cross, 1933; Clovelly, 1934-1936); 4YM Brisbane (City, 1937-1939); 1YM Macquarie Island (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 238, 1930; AOCP 1011, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West End, Qld, 1943); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954); television producer (Chatswood, NSW, 1963; Little Wallaby Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Francis Cohen|Cohen, Ronald Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVV3-8HY] - 1912(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2TF Sydney (Beecroft, 1935-1937; Mosman, 1938; Pennant Hills, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1478, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Beecroft, NSW, 1933-1937); industrial chemist (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''COLE''===

* [[/Gordon Francis Cole|Cole, Gordon Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8C-FHT] - 1919(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Cronulla, 1935-1938; Caringbah, 1939; Miranda, 1946-1950; Beverly Hills, 1954-1965; West Pymble, 1969) - cc; Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1560, 1935, NSW; BOCP 106, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous GFC - Electoral Rolls: technician (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1968)

* [[/J. Cole|Cole, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBZ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: several JCs in Wollstonecraft area 1913 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Lionel Cole| Cole, Victor Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRRF-HC9] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ACS Sydney (Croydon, 1936-1939; Lakemba, 1946-1947); 2VL Sydney (Lakemba, 1948-1975); 2VL Sussex Inlet (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1681, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Botany, NSW, 1930-1935); toolmaker (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1980)

===''COLEBATCH''===

* [[/Ernest Vincent Colebatch|Colebatch, Ernest Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q2-974] - 1905(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5CG Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Belair, SA, 1939-1941)

===''COLES''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Coles|Coles, Arthur Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWWX-J2S] - 1902(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2746 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1930); motor mechanic (Wyangala Dam, NSW, 1931-1934); mechanic (Ungarie, NSW, 1937; Chullora, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Croydon Park, NSW, 1954-1963); supervisor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1968); retired (Douglas Park, NSW, 1972; Lumeah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLESTON''===

* [[/Stanley Russell Coleston|Coleston, Stanley Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-KQL] - 1913(Vic)-2012(Qld) - Licences: 3XK Melbourne (Middle Park, 1930-1931; Gardenvale, 1933; Glenhuntly, 1937-1939, 1946-1955); 9XK Port Moresby (1956-1960); 3AXK Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969); 4XA Brisbane (Geebung, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 688, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; DCA (Port Moresby, ca 1960) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Glenhuntly, 1936-1942; Caulfield East, 1949-1954); public servant (Mt Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Geebung, 1977-1980)

===''COLLARD''===

* [[/Cyril John Felton Collard|Collard, Cyril John Felton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97X9-6VY] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2CF Maitland West (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 362, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 540, 1941; BOCP 541, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lorn, 1930-1963); retired (North Maitland, 1968)

===''COLLETT''===

* [[/Major Edwin Collett|Collett, Major Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZ6-293] - 1907(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2XL Lisarow (1935-1936); 2RU Lisarow (1937); 2RU Gosford (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1505, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2XL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2XL Cooma commercial service - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Bilfin, NSW, 1930; Lisarow, NSW, 1932-1937); radio engineer (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1968); director (Gosford, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLLEY''===

* [[/James Graham Colley|Colley, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-M23] - 1906(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Seacliff, 1947); 3QZ Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947); 3QZ Traralgon, 1948-1980+); 3AQW Lakes Entrance (1960); 3AQZ Lakes Entrance (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2280, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1928; Yarram, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Quambatook, Vic, 1942); inspector (Traralgon, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Traralgon, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLLINGE''===

* [[/Christopher Herbert Collinge|Collinge, Christopher Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L242-4YT] - 1911(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2FQ Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Bexley North (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1849, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Bexley North, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''COLLINS''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Joseph Collins|Collins, Clarence Henry Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1Y1-GB1] - 1891(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5FC Adelaide (Marryatville, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1043, 1932, SA; BOCP 29, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Marryatville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Reuben James Collins|Collins, Reuben James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2F-6PX] - 1904(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3OI Melbourne (Croxton, 1936-1939; Preston, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1737, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1926-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1954)

* [[/Walter Collins|Collins, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-QL2] - 1910(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2AEI Wagga Wagga (1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1863, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Australian Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934; Southern Cross Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936; Exchange Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Edward Collins|Collins, William Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XYAH Perth (Cannington, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous WECs - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Cannington, WA, 1916; Victoria Park, WA, 1917); civil servant (Balkatta, WA, 1931-1937)

===''COLLIS''===

* [[/George Andrew Collis|Collis, George Andrew]] - 1869(Tas)-1926(Tas) - Receive Hobart, radio clubs (Tasmanian Radio Club, foundation member, 1922+), electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1921) - potential misidentification, George Arthur Collis, Radio Research Club, Hobart, witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927

* [[/Ralph Collis|Collis, Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-48N] - 1918(WA)-2013(WA)105yo - Licences: 6LY Perth (Bayswater, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1454, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bayswater, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); proprietor (Cadoux, WA, 1963; Tuart Hill, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Dianella, WA, 1972-1977); proprietor (Bedford, WA, 1980)

===''COLQUHOUN''===

* [[/Colin George Burrowes Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Colin George Burrowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-RLP] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XJAA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (South Yarra, Vic, 1919-1921); medical practitioner (Avoca, Vic, 1924-1931; Mornington, Vic, 1935; Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Ringwood, Vic, 1937); medical official (Croydon, Vic, 1943-1954); medical practitioner (Heathmont, Vic, 1958); nil (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Trevor Keith Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Trevor Keith]] - 1907(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 9TC Salamaua, New Guinea (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 935, 1926; COCP2 101, 1930; COCP1 33, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Medal of the Order of Australia, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (New Town, Tas, 1943); newsagent (Launceston, Tas, 1972); retired (Norwood, Tas, 1980)

===''COLTHEART''===

* [[/Clarence James Coltheart|Coltheart, Clarence James]] - 1885(Tas)-1962(Tas) - Licences: 7BF Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1913-1914; Queenstown, 1922-1954)

===''COLTHRUP''===

* [[/James Frederick Colthrup|Colthrup, James Frederick &quot;Frederick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBW8-J4Z] - 1908(Vic)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 3PL Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1368, 1934, Vic; COCP1 374, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, Wireless &amp; Gunnery School) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, 1931); engineer (Clifton Hill, 1937); airman (Clifton Hill, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/623876 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306064 AWM]; [https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140421275 Trove]

===''COLTON''===

* [[/George Musgrove Coward Colton|Colton, George Musgrove Coward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2G-R3C] - 1893(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922); 2UM Sydney (Stanmore, 1935-1939, 1947-1950; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 806, 1924 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical business (Annandale, NSW, 1932-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''COLVILLE''===

* [[/Sydney Victor Colville|Colville, Sydney Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WQ-S78] - 1894(Vic)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XQF Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913); 2FA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 2FA Sydney (CBD, 1923-1924; Drummoyne, 1923-1925); 2VH Sydney (Longueville, 1935; CBD 1936; Broadway, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless retail business proprietor (Colville Moore) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloongabba, 1917; Chelmer, 1919-1921); broker (Bowen Hills, 1922); manufacturer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1933); merchant (Lane Cove, 1935-1936); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1936-1937); company director (Glenbrook, 1943-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XQF-2FA-2VH - Sydney Victor Colville&quot;

===''COLVIN''===

* [[/Noel Denis Colvin|Colvin, Noel Denis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNBQ-MM5] - 1914(Vic)-2013(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3NJ Melbourne (Ringwood East, 1935-1939); 3AUT Melbourne (Box Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1448, 1935, Vic; COCP2 64, 1936; COCP1 152, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: airman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); Student (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); RAAF (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLYER''===

* [[/Eric Lionel Colyer|Colyer, Eric Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZH-47J] - 1915(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2EL Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Manly, 1934; Vaucluse, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937-1939); 3EQ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938); 3AEL Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947-1948); 2AED Sydney (Gordon, 1950-1960) (Vessel MY &quot;Tiki&quot;, 1955-1956); 2BEL Sydney (Gordon, 1969; Pymble, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1016, 1932, NSW; COCP3 2337, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Vaucluse, NSW, 1937); manager (Burwood, NSW, 1943; Malvern East, Vic, 1949); company director (Gordon, NSW, 1954-1968); director (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CONDON''===

* [[/Austin Sylvester Condon|Condon, Austin Sylvester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RG-K2K] - 1924(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5WO Laura (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3012, 1949, SA - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil [https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/obituaries-tributes-to-three-of-our-finest/news-story/845c3a27d81fd8a8f4bbe436503a9b1e Obit]

===''CONDER''===

* [[/Walter Tasman Conder|Conder, Walter Tasman &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CJ-DTS] - 1888(Tas)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as General Manager, BCA, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Launceston, 1914); soldier (Langwarrin Military Camp, 1918-1921; Melbourne, 1924); secretarial (Melbourne, 1925-1928); entrepreneur (Melbourne, 1931-1937); secretary (Melbourne, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/conder-walter-tasman-5747 ADB]

===''CONGDON''===

* [[/Bert Congdon|Congdon, Bert &quot;Bertie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VVJ-CMW] - 1891(Vic)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6BA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923-1924); 6BC Perth (Subiaco, 1927-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 382, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; civil servant - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, 1925-1958)

===''CONNELLY''===

* [[/Dermot Anthony Connelly|Connelly, Dermot Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L5-2VC] - 1903(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922); 3BU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925); 3ADK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Ivanhoe, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Caulfield, 1927-1936); Air Force officer (St Kilda, 1937); nil (Frankston, 1949); photographer (Ivanhoe, 1954-1963)

===''CONNON''===

* [[/George Wilson Connon|Connon, George Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-8Z2] - 1907(Sct)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5KJ Booleroo (1937-1939); 5KJ Yunta (1947); 5KJ Alice Springs (1948-1954); 5KJ Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1955-1956); 5KJ Port Lincoln (1960); 5KJ Berri (1965-1969); 5KJ Barmera (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1991, 1937, SA; 2COCP 336, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Millswood East, SA, 1939); bookkeeper (Port Augusta, SA, 1941-1948); radio technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1949-1954)

===''CONNOR''===

* [[/Emmett Bernard Connor|Connor, Emmett Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-L7Q] - 1913(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4CE Gindie (1936); 4OC Longreach (1956); 4OC Fernlees (1960); 4OC Brisbane (Aspley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1650, 1936, Qld; BOCP 280, 1940; 3COCP 5529, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: shearing shed hand (Gindie, Qld, 1936); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943-1949); business Manager (Cramsie, Longreach, Qld, 1954-1958); grazier (&quot;Ronnoc Downs&quot;, Fernlees, Qld, 1958-1963; Aspley, Qld, 1963-1977)

* [[/Laurance Kingsley Connor|Connor, Laurance or Laurence Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2GD-KPT] - 1907(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Belmore, 1925-1926); 2ALC Sydney (Lakemba, 1948; Cammeray, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 68, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 881, 1925; 2COCP 199, 1930; 1COCP 220, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937); radio teacher (Willoughby, NSW, 1943); communication officer (Liverpool, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Stephen James Connor|Connor, Stephen James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4J-FP4] - 1894(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 235, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1917); electrical engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1933); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1934; Strathfield, NSW, 1936-1963); retired (Lapstone, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Terence Connor|Connor, Terence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-3DV] - 1916(Tas)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 7CT Hobart (Rokeby, 1936-1939; City, 1946-1948); 7CT Huonville (1954-1960); 7CT Hobart (Bellerive, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1643, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: auto-electrician (New Town, 1943; Hobart North, 1949); manager (Huonville, 1949-1954); sales rep. (Bellerive, 1963-1977)

===''CONRAD''===

* [[/Raymond Ernest Conrad|Conrad, Raymond Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP2-VGS] - 1905(Tas)-1977(Tas) - Licences: 2TR Sydney (Bexley, 1930-1937; Rockdale, 1938-1939); 7TR Hobart (Derwent Park, 1947; Moonah, 1948-1956; Berriedale, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 651, 1930, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 308, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: battery fitter (Bexley, 1930); storeman (Bexley, 1931-1934); clerk (Bexley, 1935-1936; Rockdale, 1937); purchasing officer (Cameray, 1943); radio manufacturer (Moonah, 1949-1954); engineer (Hospital, Rosetta, 1963)

===''CONRY''===

* [[/William Henry Conry|Conry, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-HCR] - 1892(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 3OK Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1925); 3CO Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 260, 1916; 1COCP 44, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); RANRS; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD Vic) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1919; Armadale, 1921-1924); inspector (Brighton, 1925-1937); radio inspector (South Brisbane, 1943-1949); postal official (St Lucia, 1954-1958)

===''CONSTABLE''===

* [[/Hector Mantle Shaw Constable|Constable, Hector Mantle Shaw]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTS-Z5V] - 1910(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3FE Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947; Parkdale, 1948; Mont Albert, 1954; Mont Park, 1955-1956; Mont Albert, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1999, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Yarra Junction, Vic, 1931; Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1943); inspector (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954)

===''CONWAY''===

* [[/Mervyn Laurence Dean Conway|Conway, Mervyn Laurence Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MH-GHZ] - 1912(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7CL Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1960); 7CL Hobart (West Hobart, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1684, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Nelson, 1936); school teacher (Launceston East, 1937); teacher (Devonport, 1943; New Town, 1949-1958)

===''COOK''===

* [[/Ernest Byron Cook|Cook, Ernest or Ernest Byron &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M46M-M3J] - 1902(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Tresco (1926-1927); 3CK Kerang (1931); 3EC Swan Hill (1938-1939); 3EC Melbourne (Coburg, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 295, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Swan Hill, 1937-1942); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frank Leslie Cook|Cook, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-K3H] - 1914(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2FF Sydney (Dee Why, 1934-1936); 2GV Sydney (Dee Why, 1935-1936); 2AHW Sydney (Dee Why, 1938); 2ANC Sydney (Centennial Park, 1946-1947; Lidcombe, 1948; Auburn, 1950; Carlingford, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1355, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dee Why, NSW, 1934-1937); radio tester (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943); draftsman   (Lidcombe, NSW, 1949; Carlingford, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Raynham Harry Cook|Cook, Raynham Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCX-CRB] - 1902(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3OX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1932-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 951, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Victor Roy Percival Cook|Cook, Victor Roy Percival &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYJG-6C6] - 1899(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: XVN Adelaide (1913-1914); S099 Adelaide (1920s); 5AC Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1927; Rose Park, 1928-1931; Kilkenny, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Woodville, 1954-1975; Somerton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 94, 1925, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Kilkenny, 1939-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XVN-S099-5AC - Victor Roy Percival Cook&quot;

===''COOKE''===

* [[/Clarence Robert Cooke|Cooke, Clarence Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-3P6] - 1891(???)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CP Perth (Bayswater, 1932-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1068, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Mornington Mills, WA, 1914); locomotive driver (Mornington Mills, WA, 1921-1926); locomotive engine driver (Bayswater, WA, 1931-1968)

* [[/Clive J. Cooke|Cooke, Clive J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4CC Brisbane (Chermside, -1952+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld)

* [[/Frank Basil Cooke|Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7Q6-TN8] - 1892(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: XADW Sydney (1913-14); 2LI Sydney (1922-1924); 2XQ Receive Sydney (1923); 2DJ Sydney (Northbridge, 1924-1931; Mosman, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 39, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, vice-president 1923) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1930; salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1943); teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1949-1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XADW-2LI-2XQ-2DJ - Frank Basil Cooke&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Cooke|Cooke, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB8-V6L] - 1906(Eng)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Footscray, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 311, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: meter tester (Footscray, 1926-1949)

===''COOKSON''===

* [[/Arnold Cookson|Cookson, Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YD-87L] - 1889(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 201, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); no occupation (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Northbridge, 1949-1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Joseph George Cookson|Cookson, Joseph George &quot;George&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGCW-Z8N] - 1888(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 862, 1925; 2COCP 21, 1929; 1COCP 34, 1930 - RANRS (1919), AWA - Relationships: Father of Leonard Kenneth Cookson - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Crossover, Vic, 1912-1913; Bacchus Marsh, 1914-1915); mechanic (Alphington, 1917); engineer (Cooktown, 1919); radio engineer (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1935; Croydon, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

* [[/Leonard Kenneth Cookson|Cookson, Leonard Kenneth &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ8-JHV] - 1917(Vic)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - AWA - Relationships: Son of Joseph George Cookson - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Concord, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Croydon, 1943-1954; Glebe, 1958; Blacktown, 1963-1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

===''COOLING''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Cooling|Cooling, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVZL-GSC] - 1885(Qld)-1936(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Toowoomba (1924-1927) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 11, 1924, No. 3 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (Toowoomba, 1924), (Halcyon P. 4) - Comment: A tragic end to a productive life - TroveTag: &quot;4BN - Ernest Richard Cooling&quot; - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (Toowoomba, 1908); telegraphist (Bowen, 1912); postal assistant (Toowoomba, 1913-1930)

===''COOMBE''===

* [[/Geoffrey Saint Coombe|Coombe, Geoffrey Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-TXS] - 1913(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1931-1933); 2ML Broken Hill (1933); 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1937-1938; Croydon, 1947-1948; Brooklyn Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 756, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 5MR Jack Robert Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, 1941)

* [[/Jack Robert Saint Coombe|Coombe, Jack Robert Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-T3C] - 1910(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5MR Adelaide (Stirling West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2923, 1949, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5ML Geoffrey Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, SA, 1941); electrical mechanic (Mt Lofty, SA, 1943)

===''COOPER''===

* [[/Alfred Edwin Charles Cooper|Cooper, Alfred Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV9-9GK] - 1904(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2AL Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1926); 2UO Sydney (Northbridge, 1947-1950); 2AUO Sydney (Yacht Asgard, 1948-1960); 4AY Surfers Paradise (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 180, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 626, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fruit merchant (Ashfield, 1931); director (Northbridge, 1943-1958); company director (Clareville, 1963-1977)

* [[/Bertram David Cooper|Cooper, Bertram David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-HG1] - 1914(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3BC Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939, 1947-1955; Beaumaris, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2119, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: musician (Coburg, Vic, 1942-1949); soldier (Coburg, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1972); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Eric Cooper|Cooper, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1M-WC4] - 1925(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 870, 1960, Tas - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Evandale, 1949); radio technician (Evandale, 1954)

* [[/Ernest Edward Cooper|Cooper, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5F-RLJ] - 1905(Tas)-1951(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Launceston (Youngtown, 1926-1927); 7MC Launceston (City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 261, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 151, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: may be related to 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1975) Eric Cooper  - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Ulverstone, 1936; Launceston East, 1943; Launceston West, 1949) 

* [[/Frank Clarence Cooper|Cooper, Frank Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7Y-NGF] - 1915(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2ADU Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADU Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1946-1947; Potts Point, 1948-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1975); 2ADU Gold Coast (Florida Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1736, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937; Edgecliffe, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1958-1968; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972; Vaucluse, NSW, 1977); retired (Florida Gardens, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Harold More Cooper|Cooper, Harold More or Harold Moore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ58-SJP] - 1886(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923-1925); 5HG Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 257, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; submarine cable telegraphist; archaeologist; historian - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cooper-harold-more-9821 ADB]

* [[/Harry Frederick Cooper|Cooper, Harry Frederick or Frederic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNKH-CX4] - 1906(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5PC Port Augusta (1947-1954); 5PC Adelaide (Lockleys, 1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2249, 1939, SA; BOCO 544, 1943; COCP1 781, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ascot Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Neve Cooper|Cooper, Herbert Neve]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-Q46] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3QZ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1692, 1936, Vic; BOCP 137, 1937; 1COCP 1237, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (St Leonards, Tas, 1949); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1977)

* [[/James Herbert Cooper|Cooper, James Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVTJ-14B] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ZG Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1930-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 701, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1936-1943); broker (Mosman, NSW, 1949); stock and sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1968); sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1972); broker (St Ives, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ormond Erskine Cooper|Cooper, Ormond Erskine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDM-6JK] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2CP Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1112, 1933, NSW; COCP2 434, 1933; COCP1 337, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1935); radio worker (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1943-1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Raymond Arthur Cooper|Cooper, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDK-8RK] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6AO Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2350, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937); projectionist (Manning, WA, 1958-1980)

===''CORBIN''===

* [[/James Bentley Corbin|Corbin, James Bentley &quot;Boyce&quot; &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTJ-293] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (McMahons Point, 1932-1939; Eastlakes, 1946-1961); 2AYC Miranda (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 976, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Milsons Point, NSW, 1933-1937; Botany, NSW, 1943-1949; Mascot, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CORDINGLEY''===

* [[/Charles Harold Cordingley|Cordingley, Charles Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJK-SB4] - 1892(Eng)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ararat, 1913); electrical engineer (Flemington, 1915-1919); engineer (Ascot Vale, 1921-1954)

===''CORE''===

* [[/Herbert James Core|Core, Herbert James &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PF-R2Q] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4HC Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2012, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 392, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; formerly Sydney - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1929); assistant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949; Camp Hill, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''CORKILL''===

* [[/Arthur Basil Corkill|Corkill, Arthur Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYW3-57P] - 1898(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJCU Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Elsternwick, Vic, 1928; St Kilda, Vic, 1931; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1949; Kilsyth, Vic, 1954)

===''CORNELIUS''===

* [[/Eric Edward Cornelius|Cornelius, Eric Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7P-2MD] - 1916(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6EC Albany (1936-1939); 6EC Kalgoorlie (1947-1948); 6EC Wagin (1954-1955); 6EC Perth (Inglewood, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1635, 1936, WA; TVOCP 200, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Station 6WA, Wagin, 1949-1954; Inglewood, WA, 1958-1977)

===''CORNEY''===

* [[/Kenneth Cameron Corney|Corney, Kenneth Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-2MB] - 1899(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: V755 Receive Bairnsdale (1922); 3GY Receive Bairnsdale (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gogeldrie, NSW, 1949); grazier (Metung, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CORTHORN''===

* [[/Rex Sidney Oscar Corthorn|Corthorn, Rex Sidney Oscar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G28S-LLQ] - 1914(NSW)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 2VG Sydney (Greenwich, 1932-1939; Bexley, 1946; Northmead,1947-1960); 3VG Melbourne (Bulleen, 1965-2969); 3VG Mallacoota (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 985, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1943; Northmead, NSW, 1949-1958); retired (Mallacoota, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CORTIS-JONES''===

* [[/Beverley Cortis-Jones|Cortis-Jones, Beverley or Beverly &quot;Bev&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-KZ9] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NN Sydney (Roseville, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1586, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943); retired (Booragoon, WA, 1980)

===''COSH''===

* [[/Rhys Gilmour Cosh|Cosh, Rhys Gilmour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6J-4W8] - 1900(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 697, 1922 (Marconi) - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Croydon, SA, 1939-1943)

===''COSTA''===

* [[/Phillip James Costa|Costa, Phillip James &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGF-S1W] - 1914(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (shortwave) - QSLs: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Geelong, Vic, 1937-1968; Nerang, Qld, 1969; Florida Gardens, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''COSTELLO''===

* [[/Allan Daniel Costello|Costello, Allan Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4S-21X] - 1913(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YT Ballarat (1937-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1912, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mount Pleasant, Vic, 1934-1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1972); accountant (Mt Clear, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COSTELOW''===

* [[/Robert Costelow|Costelow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: despite the unusual location, individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COTTERILL''===

* [[/Harold Stanley Cotterill|Cotterill, Harold Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5D-84Y] - 1916(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1493, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1943) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, NSW, 1937); depot superintendant (Gunnedah, NSW, 1943)? - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10314147 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624339 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''COTTON''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNH3-P9L] - 1897(SA)-1973(SA) - Licences: XVS Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5HY Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1926-1928; Colonel Light Gardens, 1931; Kilburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 270, 1926, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA SA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Semaphore, 1939); clerk (Findon, 1943)

* [[/Arthur Tylney Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Tylney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7G8-SGG] - 1884(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive Spring Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kelvedon, 1914-1963)

* [[/Leith Simpson Cotton|Cotton, Leith Simpson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR2-12K] - 1905(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5LG Adelaide (Burnside, 1932-1933); 5LG Iron Knob (1937-1939); 5LG Adelaide (Clarence Gardens, 1946-1948; Parkholme, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1023, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Iron Knob, 1939-1941)

===''COTTRELL''===

* [[/Joseph William Morgan Cottrell|Cottrell, Joseph William Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-L1Y] - 1897(NSW)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 2ZF Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1923); 2ZN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1925; Coogee, 1926-1930; Maroubra Junction, 1931; Dundas, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Carlingford, 1948-1950); 2ADX Sydney (Dundas/Portable, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 367, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 1, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coogee, 1930); broadcaster (Dundas, 1933-1934); radio operator (Dundas, 1936-1943); technician (Carlingford, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZF-2ZN-2ADX - Joseph William Morgan Cottrell&quot;

===''COUCH''===

* [[/David Couch|Couch, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8H-BDV] - 1917(Vic)-2009(WA)92yo - Licences: 6WT Watermans Bay (1934, 1947); 6WT Perth (Wembley, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2513, 1934, WA; BOCP 577, 1944; TVOCP 47, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Watermans Bay, WA, 1949); technician (Wembley, WA, 1954-1980)

===''COUCHMAN''===

* [[/Clifford Clyde McGregor Couchman|Couchman, Clifford Clyde McGregor &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQLS-T4D] - 1907(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4KZ Kaimkillenbun (1930-1939); 4KZ Dalby (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 151, 1930; COCP 1st Class Marconi School (Halcyon) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Navy, wireless officer); broadcast technician (PMGD, 4QS); business proprietor (electrical &amp; radio, Dalby) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kaimkillenbun, 1930-1937); engineer (Dalby, 1943-1963); electrical engineer (Dalby, 1968)

===''COUGHLAN''===

* [[/Charles McKenzie Coughlan|Coughlan, Charles McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-9BN] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XCO Sydney (Concord, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenters; WW1 (AIF, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COULTER''===

* [[/Jack Maxwell Coulter|Coulter, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-MXK] - 1912(SA)-1985(???) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1937); 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939); 5JD Adelaide (Ashford, 1947-1948; Ackland Gardens, 1954-1960); 5JK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1712, 1936, SA; 2COCP 812, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); RAN (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943)

===''COUPER''===

* [[/Andrew Couper|Couper, Andrew &quot;Andy&quot; Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6R8-R1T] - 1893(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: XQM Mareeba (1914); 4BW Mareeba (1923-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 71, 1925, No. 5 in Qld - early wireless experimenter (1914 &amp; likely earlier unlicensed); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: iron moulder (Mareeba, 1913-1932); engineer (Mareeba, 1936-1958)

* [[/William Fraser Couper|Couper, William Fraser &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MP-S1G] - 1919(NZ)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Adelaide (Evandale, 1947; Royston Park, 1948); 5UZ Adelaide (Royston Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2250, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COURT''===

* [[/Charles Percy Court|Court, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-Q5T] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4CT Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bayswater, Qld, 1925-1936; Kedron, Qld, 1937-1958)

* [[/Thomas Palmer Court|Court, Thomas Palmer Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNF4-FD4] - 1895(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XNY Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3BO Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3TC Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 211, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic, secretary, 1919-1920+); employment (radio salesman, 1928; STC, chief design engineer, 1954); IRE Aust (president, 1950-1951) - Comment: Father also named TPC - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1925-1928); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1954; Mosman West, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''COUSENS''===

* [[/Harold Light Reynolds Cousens|Cousens, Harold Light Reynolds]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG9-3SK] - 1888(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N743 Receive Summer Hill (1922); 2HW Receive Summer Hill (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Tamworth, 1930-1963)

===''COUTTS''===

* [[/David Cecil Boyd Coutts|Coutts, David Cecil Boyd &quot;Boyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGY-1CL] - 1896(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJEC Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Camberwell, Vic, 1919-1924); teacher (Malvern East, Vic, 1925-1926; Malvern, Vic, 1928-1937; Mt Dandenong, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/Edwin Stuart Coutts|Coutts, Edwin Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-698] - 1893(Qld)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4BZ Receive Dalby (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Dalby, 1919-1937); garage proprietor (Dalby, 1943)

* [[/Mavis Ellen Coutts|Stafford nee Coutts, Mavis Ellen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSGT-MJH] - 1921(Vic)-2016(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2338, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 3XB Ivor Stafford - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Minyip, Vic, 1942); home duties (Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''COWAN''===

* [[/Christian Nesbit Cowan|Cowan, Christian Nesbit]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-6QW] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2PZ Aberdare (1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 613, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 486, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Aberdare, 1930-1963; Cessnock, 1968-1980)

* [[/James George Cowan|Cowan, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-RC3] - 1908(Sct)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ZC Adamstown (1934-1937); 2ZC Waratah (1938-1939, 1946-1975); 2ZC Merewether (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1294, 1934, NSW; AOLCP 272, 1936; COCP1 838, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waratah, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Adamstown, NSW, 1934-1937); nil (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1968); broadcast technician (Merewether, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''COWELL''===

* [[/George Cowell|Cowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKT-3GM] - 1897(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2SO Merewether (1932-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1057, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''COX''===

* [[/Allan Grafton Cox|Cox, Allan (birth) or Allen (census) Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWX-5XH] - 1892(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 120, 1915; 2COCP 103, 1930; 1COCP 347, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rockhampton, 1914; Pinkenba, 1916-1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1921-1922; South Yarra, 1926-1927); O.I.C. (Cooktown, 1925; Thursday Island, 1930); radio officer (Clayfield, 1934); O.I.C. (Townsville, 1936-1937); engineer (Rockbank, 1942); wireless officer (Kangaroo Point, 1943; Hendra, Qld, 1949-1958); radio officer (Hendra, 1963-1977)

* [[/Erle Harold Cox|Cox, Erle Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8Z-RG2] - 1903(Tas)-1989(ACT) - Licences: 3BD Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922); 3BD Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1933); 2EP Canberra (Forrest, 1934-1935); 2GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1946-1955); 1GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1956-1965; Mawson, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 245, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist, president Press Gallery, Parliament House 1953 - Awards: O.B.E. for contribution to journalism in Australia 1953 - Relationships: son of Erle Cox, science fiction author [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-erle-5799] - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Caulfield, 1931; Gardiner, 1936; Forrest, 1937; Red Hill, 1943-1968; Mawson, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;3BD-2EP-2GU-1GU - Erle Harold Cox&quot;

* [[/Harold Edward Cox|Cox, Harold Edward or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GQ-2RT] - 1892(Eng)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 6HE Geraldton (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 17, 1914; 1COCP 35, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, WA, 1916-1917; Geraldton, WA, 1922-1930); broadcast manager (Townsville, Qld, 1931-1937); manager (4WK, Warwick, Qld, 1943); representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); wireless representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/Phillip Deslandes Cox|Cox, Phillip Deslandes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G388-KRC] - 1909(NSW)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2IE Wallerawang (1935-1939); 2IE Sydney (Concord, 1946); 2IE Bathurst (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1551, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lithgow, NSW, 1933); clerk (Lidsdale, NSW, 1935-1937); fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1968); storekeeper (Nambour, Qld, 1969);  proprietor (Tanawha, Qld, 1972); retired (Caboolture, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''COXON''===

* [[/Robert Wooton Coxon|Coxon, Robert Wooton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-HVL] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6RW Northam (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 30, 1924, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer, NT Gov (Director of Mines, 1947); WW2 - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6AG Wally Coxon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cheltenham, SA, 1943); civil servant (Alice Springs, 1949-1954)

* [[/Walter Ernest Stanley Coxon|Coxon, Walter Ernest Stanley &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY8-JBS] - 1891(NSW)-1968(WA) - Licences: XYK Perth (Maylands, 1913); 6AG Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1925-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939; Bayswater, 1946-1947; Darlington, 1948-1960; Claremont, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 124, 1925, No. ?? in WA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (6WF) - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6RW Robert Wooton Coxon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Maylands, 1914); engineer (Maylands, 1925-1937); radio engineer (East Perth, 1943; Darlington, 1949-1958); retired (Claremont, 1963-1968) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199311.pdf EA0] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199404.pdf] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199405.pdf EA2]

===''COZINS''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Cozins|Cozins, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF78-6FW] - 1908(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1931-1933); 6AD Perth (Canning Bridge, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 742, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Corrogin, WA, 1936); marine collector (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); cook (West Perth, WA, 1949); storekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949-1954); clerical assistant (South Perth, WA, 1958); clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Kewdale, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CRAIG''===

* [[/Keith William Craig|Craig, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNB-7FD] - 1921(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AJV Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939); 2EP Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2102, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Stockton, 1943); fitter (Lambton, 1949; New Lambton, 1958-1980)

* [[/Walter Archibald Craig|Craig, Walter Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7X4] - 1907(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2XI Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2XI Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 220, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, 1930-1954)

===''CRAMOND''===

* [[/Warne Hutton Cramond|Cramond, Warne Hutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XQB-N2G] - 1898(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2KJ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 397, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, 1930-1949)

===''CRAN''===

* [[/Morris Rae Cran|Cran, Morris Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-B1J] - 1901(Qld)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 4KX Brisbane (West End, 1930-1939); 2MR Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947; Randwick, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 570, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, 1925-1937); accountant (Bondi, 1943); company secretary (Ranswick, 1954; Coogee, 1958)

===''CRANCH''===

* [[/Layman William Victor Cranch|Cranch, Layman William Victor &quot;Lay&quot;]] - 1910(Qld)-1993(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, radio engineer, journalist (editor, Australian Radio and Electronics, 1951), business (manager, Kingsley)

===''CRAW''===

* [[/Russell Bruce Cameron Craw|Craw, Russell Bruce Cameron &quot;Bruce&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF2Q-54Y] - 1901(Tas)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 7BC Burnie (1930-1933); 3BC Melbourne (1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 671, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Burnie, 1922; North Melbourne, 1924; Burnie, 1928); sales (Middle Park, Vic, 1935)

===''CRAWFORD''===

* [[/Cedric Thomas Crawford|Crawford, Cedric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-42L] - 1905(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (Burwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Burwood, 1930-1933); engineer (Captain's Flat, 1937-1943); mechanical engineer (Broken Hill South, 1954-1963); engineer (St Ives, 1968-1972)

* [[/John Murray Crawford|Crawford, John Murray]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief engineer PMGD, involved establishment of first ABC stations), don't confuse with William Tamillas Stephen Crawford

* [[/William Tamillas Stephen Crawford|Crawford, William Tamillas Stephen &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;W.T.S.C.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G738-35N] - 1880(Vic)-1962(NSW) - state public servant (P&amp;TD, Tas); senior federal public servant (PMGD, radio inspector); RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: don't confuse with John Murray Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;William Tamillas Stephen Crawford&quot;

===''CREAMER''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Creamer|Creamer, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XK-965] - 1903(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2UR Sydney (Glebe Point, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Orange, 1930-1932); electrical engineer (Brewarrina, 1933; Henty, 1934-1935; Grose Vale, 1937; Richmond, 1943-1968)

===''CREDLIN''===

* [[/Peter John Credlin|Credlin, Peter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-SH8] - 1938(Vic)-1984(NSW) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, 1954); engineer (Malvern, 1963; Lower Templestowe, 1967-1980)

===''CRERAR''===

* [[/Thomas Alexander Crerar|Crerar, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNXR-QCG] - 1874(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XJDV Hexham (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: agent (Horsham, Vic, 1903-1906); land &amp; finance agent (South Melbourne, Vic, 1906); stock &amp; station agent (Prahran, Vic, 1912-1913; Hexham, Vic, 1914-1922); farmer (Armadale, Vic, 1924; Steel's Creek, Vic, 1925-1931; St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Armadale, Vic, 1963)

===''CRESSWELL''===

* [[/Frank Gillespie Cresswell|Cresswell, Frank Gillespie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR45-Q56] - 1880(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GI Melbourne (East Kew, 1924-1925; Camberwell, 1926-1927); Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - federal public service (PMGD); military (Commonwealth Naval Militia, engineer sublieutenant); RANRS (Radio Commander, terminated Nov 1920) - not to be confused with William Rooke '''Creswell''' - Electoral Rolls: instrument fitter (Camberwell, 1903-1906); Engineer-Lieutenant RAN (Prahran, 1912); naval officer (St Kilda, 1914); lieutenant RAN (Hawthorn, 1915-1919); RAN (Kew, 1922-1924); commandant RAN (Frankston, 1928-1934); naval officer (Olivers Hill, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1943); retired (Somers, 1949; Mt Eliza, 1954; Frankston, 1963)

* [[/Harry Leslie Cresswell|Cresswell, Harry Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9456-49G] - 1917(Qld)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 4DL Brisbane (Coorparoo, Qld, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified, likely RAN - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Petty Officer Telegraphist, KIA, HMAS Yarra) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10293831 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1690529 Roll of Honour]

===''CRESWELL''===

* [[/William Rooke Creswell|Creswell, William Rooke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4L-WRS] - 1852(Gibraltar)-1933(Vic) - early wireless experimenter (Lytton, Moreton Island), military (RAN; Qld Maritime Defence Force, commandant; Commonwealth Naval Forces, commandant) - Generally considered the father of the RAN, not to be confused with Frank Gillespie '''Cresswell''' - Electoral Rolls: naval commandant (South Brisbane, 1903-1905); director (Toorak, 1909-1919) - Links: [[w:William Rooke Creswell|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/creswell-sir-william-rooke-5817 ADB] [https://www.navy.gov.au/biography/vice-admiral-sir-william-rooke-creswell RAN]

===''CRIBB''===

* [[/Dunmore Foote Cribb|Cribb, Dunmore Foote]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPP-YQH] - 1899(Qld)-1946(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 134, 1925, No. 15 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Indooroopilly, 1921-1943)

===''CRICHTON''===

* [[/Ernest George Crichton|Crichton, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CP-VCC] - 1887(NSW)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XADY Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley Robert Crichton|Crichton, Stanley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK76-MZH] - 1893(NZ)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KH East Maitland (1929-1935); 9OU Port Moresby (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 542, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 100, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (East Maitland, 1930-1935); wireless operator (Maclean, 1936); Radio 2NR (Lawrence, 1937); wireless operator (Ashfield, 1949); PMG technician (Ashfield, 1954-1963)

===''CRIDGE''===

* Cridge, Wilfred Edgar Launder - See Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge

===''CRISP''===

* [[/Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp|Crisp, Arthur Joseph Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VW-QKN] - 1906(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2MJ Sydney (Hurstville, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1939; St Peters, 1946; Marrickville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948; Cronulla, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Bankstown East, 1956; Bexley, 1957; Kurnell, 1958; Hurstville South, 1960; Gymea Bay, 1961; Umina, 1965; Tuggerawong, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1290, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2LX Henry Charles Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930); carter (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); labourer (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1943); fitter (Belmore, NSW, 1949; Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Sutherland, NSW, 1954; Bexley, NSW, 1958); retired (Umina, NSW, 1963; Tuggerawong, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Charles Crisp|Crisp, Henry Charles &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-5T2] - 1909(NSW)-1996(???) - Licences: 2LX Sydney (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933; Cronulla, 1934-1939, 1946); 2LX Ettalong (1947-1955); 2LX Woy Woy (1956-1961); 2LX Urunga (1965); 2LX Sydney (Cronulla, 1969; Gorokan, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 614, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2MJ Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Cronulla, 1934-1937); examiner (Bondi, 1943); no occupation (Ettalong, 1949); radio dealer (Ettalong, 1954-1963); motel proprietor (Urunga, 1968); manager (Sans Souci, 1972); retired (Cronulla, 1972; Gorokan, 1977-1980)

===''CROCKER''===

* [[/Claude Edward Crocker|Crocker, Claude Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8R6-RZW] - 1875(USA)-1929(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West Perth, 1922-1925)

* [[/Edward Baker Crocker|Crocker, Edward Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYHX-65B] - 1867(Wales)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2BB Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2BB Sydney (Marrickville, 1922-1930) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 95, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (1923) - Electoral Rolls: provision merchant (Marrickville, 1933-1937); retired (Marrickville, 1943-1949); no occupation (Earlwood, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2BB - Edward Baker Crocker&quot;

* [[/Philip Humphreys Crocker|Crocker, Philip Humphreys]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-K4T] - 1918(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939, 1946-1975; Kirribilli, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2409, 1939, NSW; COCP3 1208, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CROKE''===

* [[/Terence Leo Croke|Croke, Terence Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-742] - 1919(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Lithgow (1935-1938); 2TK Bathurst (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1470, 1935, NSW; COCP1 112, 1936; TVOCP 364, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1963); technical officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1977); retired (Mosman, NSW, 1980)

===''CROMBIE''===

* [[/John Melville Lewes Crombie|Crombie, John Melville Lewes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNX2-PJP] - 1898(NZ)-1935(Vic) - Licences: XOT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3EG Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Comment: migrated from NZ 1913?; passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1934)

===''CROME''===

* [[/Harry Keith Crome|Crome, Harry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTL-HF9] - 1908(Tas)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (New Town, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Hobart North, 1936-1954); linotype operator Melbourne (Alphington, 1963-1972)

===''CROMIE''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Cromie|Cromie, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z4-73H] - 1883(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager (Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 3UZ) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Maffra, 1903; Korumburra, 1905; East Melbourne, 1909; Maffra, 1912); engineer (East Melbourne, 1914); electrical engineer (Malvern, 1915-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, 1919; Caulfield, 1924-1927); electrical engineer (Melbourne East, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); engineer (Caulfield, 1934); director (Armadale, 1936-1949)

===''CROMPTON''===

* [[/Milton James Crompton|Crompton, Milton James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKF8-V2J] - 1919(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MN Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2360, 1939, Vic; BOCP 682, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949-1954; Brighton East, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CROOK''===

* [[/Percy Crook|Crook, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SV-2W8] - 1889(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XBD Coffs Harbour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1913); carpenter (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CROOKS''===

* [[/James Alexander Leonard Crooks|Crooks, James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK93-6HV] - 1890(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923-1925); 7BQ Launceston (1925-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 61, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (PMG) - Relationships: Father of 3AAC John Peter Crooks - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914; Launceston, 1919-1968); no occupation (Low Head, 1972)

* [[/John Peter Crooks|Crooks, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-Z2J] - 1921(Tas)-2013(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3AAC Colac (1960); 3AAC Bulleen (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2107, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BQ James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot; Crooks - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, 1949); engineer (East Geelong, 1954; Bulleen, 1963-1977)

===''CROPLEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cropley|Cropley, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-YVK] - 1893(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: N735 Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922); 2HT Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of Mervyn Eric Cropley - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Homebush, 1930-1933) 

* [[/Mervyn Eric Cropley|Cropley, Mervyn Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLG-MYS] - 1920(NSW)-1951(Aus) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 403, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 2HT Eric William Cropley - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Homebush, 1943); salesman (Blaxland, 1949)

===''CROSS''===

* [[/Francis James Cross|Cross, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVMN-ZWY] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2FX Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1933; CBD, 1933-1934); 2FX Sydney (Rockdale, 1935; Mascot, 1936-1939; Eastlakes, 1946); 2FX Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 914, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 429, 1933; COCP1 500, 1941; TVOCP 30, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); fitter (Hamilton, NSW, 1933); police trainee (Redfern, NSW, 1935); constable (Mascot, NSW, 1936-1943); shopkeeper (Lambton, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CROUCH''===

* [[/Cecil Stanley Crouch|Crouch, Cecil Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-ZL1] - 1889(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: XCC Sydney (Randwick, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor salesman (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1954); motor trader (North Sydney, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/Ernest Casimir Crouch|Crouch, Ernest Casimir &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-9JQ] - 1908(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2QJ Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1923); 2EC Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1939); 2EC Orange (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 16, 1924, No. 6 in NSW; COCP1 201, 1931; TVOCP 123, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; Mosman Radio Laboratories 1927 (proprietor?) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Orange, NSW, 1943-1968); TV engineer (Orange, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CROW''===

* [[/Reginald Keith Crow|Crow, Reginald Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPT-W7V] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 898, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); inspector (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1937-1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carnegie, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''CROWDER''===

* Crowder, Joyce Isabel see Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel

===''CROWLEY''===

* [[/Cornelius Crowley|Crowley, Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC44-R9T] - 1896(Qld)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Parkes (1934-1936); 2AED Broken Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1300, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930; Narrabri, NSW, 1931-1932); public supply engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1936); town clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''CROWTHER''===

* [[/Clifford Haigh Crowther|Crowther, Clifford Haigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3F-6SQ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJDQ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); pharmacist (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925; Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954); pharmacist (Brighton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Robert Calder Crowther|Crowther, Robert Calder &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M49C-V7C] - 1919(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2130, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Concord West, NSW, 1943); bank officer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); banker (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); grazier (Hoddles Creek, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CUFFE''===

* [[/Ian Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Ian Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-LXC] - 1913(NZ)-2015(Eng) - Licences: 2XC Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 987, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2AMA-2AM Lionel Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1943);

* [[/Lionel Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Lionel Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-2Z2] - 1910(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2AMA Sydney (Mosman, 1939) 2AM Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1955; St Ives, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2266, 1939, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: brother of 2XC Ian Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1934-1943); salesman (Tamaterau, NZ, 1972)

===''CULLERTON''===

* [[/Hugh Cullerton|Cullerton, Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKM-RHG] - 1910(Sct)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIY Sydney (Ramsgate, 1937-1938; Sans Souci, 1939); 2ZG Sydney (Sans Souci, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2007, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Carlton, NSW, 1934-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1936-1937; Sans Souci, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''CULLINAN''===

* [[/Christopher Albert Cullinan|Cullinan, Christopher Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF8-PWL] - 1906(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Receive Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1923); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924); 3DR Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924-1925); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1927-1931; Brunswick East, 1933); 7XW Launceston (1954-1955); 3AXU Colac (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 821, 1924 (Spark); AOLCP 143, 1934; COCP1 545, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Diggers Rest, Vic, 1928-1931; Mitchell, Vic, 1934); engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1936); journalist (Kew, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1943-1954; Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Colac, Vic, 1977)

===''CULLIVER''===

* [[/Francis Norman Seth Culliver|Culliver, Francis Norman Seth &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-SWD] - 1891(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3DP Receive Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1922); 3DP Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923-1925; Hawthorn, 1925-1927); 3UG Melbourne (Rye, 1948-1956); 3UG Queenscliff (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of Keith Norman Culliver &amp; Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1931-1954)

* [[/Ian Douglas Culliver|Culliver, Ian Douglas &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-WDM] - 1916?(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 655, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Keith Norman Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

* [[/Keith Norman Culliver|Culliver, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-753] - 1914(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 656, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

===''CUMMING''===

* [[/Maxwell Charles Cumming|Cumming, Maxwell Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-89K] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939; East Malvern, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1913, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963); exporter (Chadstone, Vic, 1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Humberstone Cumming|Cumming, William Humberstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLF-9FS] - 1903(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3BK Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Notting Hill, 1931); engineer (Cheltenham, 1931); contractor (Malvern, 1936-1949); engineer (Malvern, 1954)

===''CUMMINGS''===

* [[/Bruce Cummings|Cummings, Bruce]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1928, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''CUMMINS''===

* [[/Reginald Vincent Cummins|Cummins, Reginald Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-FLN] - 1911(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4VC Brisbane (Newmarket, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1939, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (East Ipswich, Qld, 1934-1937); public servant (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''CUMPSTON''===

* [[/Lennard Wesley Cumpston|Cumpston, Lennard Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVN-RV2] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 2AJZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1938); 3ZE Melbourne (St Kilda, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2028, 1937, NSW; BOCP 71, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); A. R. A. (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); army (Queenscliff, Vic, 1954); A.R.A. (Downer, ACT, 1963-1968); assurance representative (Miami Keys, Qld, 1972; Rio Vista, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CUNLIFFE''===

* [[/James August Cunliffe|Cunliffe, James August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KX-DQW] - 1904(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZO Melbourne (Croxton, 1930-1931; Preston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947); 3AZO Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1954; East Preston, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 597, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinet maker (Preston, 1927); electrician (Preston East, 1931-1942); cabinet maker (Preston East, 1949); carpenter (Preston East, 1963-1980)

===''CUNNINGHAM''===

* [[/Alan Francis Cunningham|Cunningham, Alan Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWB-Z74] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Altona, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2429, 1940, Vic; 2COCP 1265, 1953 - amateur operator; WW2; HMAN dockyard; DCA, New Guinea - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newport, Vic, 1934-1942); radio mechanic (Altona, Vic, 1949); PNG, 1950s?; technician (Redcliffe, Qld, 1963); fisherman (Second Beach, Cairns, Qld, 1968); technician (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1972); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Cunningham-12254 Wikitree]

* [[/Robert Hugh Cunningham|Cunningham, Robert Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-Z7M] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3ML Melbourne (Malvern, 1928-1937; Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Frankston, 1946-1947; Malvern, 1948-1980+); 3AMM Portable Melbourne (Malvern, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 463, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics retailer (R. H. Cunningham) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Malvern, Vic, 1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1936-1937); RAAF (Frankston, Vic, 1949); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980) - Links: [https://www.afr.com/companies/back-on-a-sound-footing-19890505-kakg2 AFR]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1508824 Bulletin]

===''CUREDALE''===

* [[/Albert John Curedale|Curedale, Albert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-S41] - 1914(Aus)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6AE Perth (City, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1385, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: presser (North Perth, WA, 1943-1949; West Perth, WA, 1954; Leederville, WA, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert Gordon Curedale|Curedale, Robert Gordon]] - 1906(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 837, 1924; 2COCP 369, 1931; 1COCP 141, 1937 -  - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1931); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (Croydon, NSW, 1943); farming (Watheroo, WA, 1949); geophysicist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968); retired (North Beach, WA, 1972; Maylands, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CURETON''===

* [[/John Poyner Cureton|Cureton, John Poyner &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L29Y-H1R] - 1905(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2AY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2AY Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1930); 2AU Sydney (Burwood, 1930-1933; Gordon, 1933-1934; Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2AU Little Hartley (1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 168, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AY callsign withdrawn by PMGD in 1930 and reallocated to new commercial 2AY Albury - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Burwood, 1930; Parkes, 1936); engineer (Burwood, 1943); grazier (Little Hartley, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2AY-2AU - John Poyner Cureton&quot;

===''CURLE''===

* [[/George Clarence Curle|Curle, George Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ25-DZZ] - 1914(NSW)-1941(Egypt) - Licences: 2AJB Sydney (Chullora, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1813, 1937, NSW; BOCP 310, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10305436 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624976 VWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=65995 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''CURLEWIS''===

* [[/Nigel Unwin Curlewis|Curlewis, Nigel Unwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMW-PM6] - 1912(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AHC Sydney (Killara, 1937-1939; Newport, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1964, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1935); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1937); company proprietor (Pymble, NSW, 1943); salesman (Narrabeen, NSW, 1949); advertising executive (Mosman, NSW, 1954); advertising director (Lindfield, NSW, 1958); advertising executive (Chatswood, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CURNOCK''===

* [[/Louis George John Curnock|Curnock, Louis George John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP72-HW8] - 1903(Canada)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Matraville, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 749, 1922 (Marconi); COCP2 84, 1930; COCP1 26, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Long Bay, NSW, 1930; Myilly Point, Darwin, 1934-1937);

===''CURNOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Ross Curnow|Curnow, Geoffrey Ross &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-2KN] - 1935(???)-2015(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (wireless &amp; broadcasting), &quot;The history of the development of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia to 1942, with especial reference to the Australian Broadcasting Commission : a political and administrative study&quot; - Relationships: Son-in-law of 2ST-2FW - Francis Prosser Woolacott - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Seaforth, NSW, 1963); lecturer (Dural, NSW, 1980)

===''CURRIE''===

* [[/Francis Benjamin John Currie|Currie, Francis Benjamin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8JP] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: None yet found - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 395, 1928, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: checker (Albert Park, Vic, 1936); storeman (Semaphore, 1939; Queensbury, 1941)

* [[/James Lawrence Currie|Currie, James Lawrence &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-9GW] - 1905(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Bundaberg (1936-1937); 4LC Proserpine (1938-1939); 4LC St George (1946-1956); 4LC Brisbane (Dutton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1631, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; power station engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, Qld, 1929; Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Blackhall, Qld, 1943; St George, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Caboolture, Qld, 1958)

===''CURTIS''===

* [[/H. Curtis|Curtis, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACZ Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Curtis|Curtis, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AI Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CUSACK''===

* [[/Leo Chanel Cusack|Cusack, Leo Chanel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YN-49P] - 1897(NSW)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Port Moresby (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 229, 1916; 1COCP 319, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maroubra, 1930); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1931-1936; Maroubra, 1943); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1949); radio operator (Darwin, 1949-1954); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1958-1963); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Sidney Claude Cusack|Cusack, Sidney or Sydney Claude or Claud]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW42-D16] - 1885(Eng)-1973(Canada) - Licences: 5CK Adelaide (Dulwich, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 5, 1914 (No. 5 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system) - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1916)

===''CUSHEN''===

* [[/Arthur Thomas Cushen|Cushen, Arthur Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQL-FP3] - 1920(NZ)-1997(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1930s to 1990s; DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club, DX Australia) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen/ Autobiography]; [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tributes]

===''CUSICK''===

* [[/John Albert Cusick|Cusick, John Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPF-J23] - 1916(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948; Sunshine, 1954-1955; Heathmont, 1956-1965; Vermont, 1969; Mooroolbark, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2137, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1947; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 
labourer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1937); driver (Richmond, Vic, 1942); mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); soldier (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1954); examiner (Heathmont, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''CUSITER''===

* [[/Robert William Macgregor Cusiter|Cusiter, Robert William Macgregor &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6H8-73C] - 1908(NSW)-1970(???) - Licences: 2RW Sydney (Lewisham, 1925-1926; Turramurra, 1927-1929; Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1931-1939, 1946-1955; Hornsby, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 203, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1930-1949; Hornsby, 1958-1968) - Comment: AWA, PMGD, WW2 (worked on defence electronics)

===''CUTHBERT''===

* [[/Henry Cuthbert|Cuthbert, Henry]] - 1829(Irl)-1907(Vic) - Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1877-Jul 1878; Mar 1880-Aug 1880)

===''CUTTS''===

* [[/Gregory Maxwell Cutts|Cutts, Gregory Maxwell &quot;Maxwell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBR-22Q] - 1903(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2GM Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 17, 1924, No. 7 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor (2ML, Mosman Radio Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, 1930-1937; Abbotsford, 1949); sales manager (North Ryde, 1954-1963); manager (Cheltenham, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2GM - Gregory Maxwell Cutts&quot;

=='''D'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''DAHL''===

* [[/Norman Luja Dahl|Dahl, Norman Luja]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L433-MY6] - 1888(NZ)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Wahroonga, 1933-1937); 4ND Ayr (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1079, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 249, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: consulting engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1935); teacher (Wahroonga, NSW, 1937); company director (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Oscar Sydney Dahl|Dahl, Oscar Sydney &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLWV-S5D] - 1904(NZ)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4KA Ayr (1933-1935); 7KA Hobart (1947); 4KA Ayr (1948); 9KA Lae (1969); 4VT Innisfail (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1151, 1933, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; surveyor - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Arapuni, NZ,  1928-1931); tramline engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1931-1936); engineer (Gordonvale, Qld, 1937); civil engineer (Fitzgerald, Tas, 1943; Ayr, Qld, 1949-1958); surveyor (Innisfail, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''DALBY''===

* [[/John Dalby|Dalby, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BI Adelaide (SA School of Mines, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Directories: lecturer (School of Mines, Adelaide, 1922-1934) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DALE''===

* [[/Basil Dale|Dale, Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DR-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-2017(NSW)102yo - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939; Penshurst, 1946-1947); 2AW Sydney (Mangerton, 1969; Vaucluse, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1400, 1934, NSW; COCP1 607, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Kogarah, NSW, 1943); accountant (Wollongong, NSW, 1963-1972); university lecturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Reginald Dale|Dale, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X8-Z22] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1948; Croydon, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 10, 1936; COCP2 93, 1937; TVOCP 370, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943); electrical technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1968); electronics (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972-1977); electrician (Panania, NSW, 1980); retired (Forster, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alfred Doubledee Dale|Dale, Thomas Alfred Doubledee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FG-BWL] - 1907(Tas)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3TD Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1931; Cheltenham, 1933); 4TD Rockhampton (1947-1948); 4TD Cooktown (1954-1956); 4TD Brisbane (Eight Mile Plains, 1960); 4TD Cairns (1965); 4TD Charleville, 1969-1975); 4TD Gold Coast (Labrador, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1140, 1929; COCP2 255, 1930; COCP1 293, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); air radio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949); senior communications officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1954); public servant (Annerley, Qld, 1958; Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1963); radio officer (Charleville, Qld, 1968-1972); retired (Jacobs Well, Qld, 1977; Labrador, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Clifford Dale|Dale, Thomas Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-3KS] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2QO Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1937; Balmoral, 1938; Kingsford, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1934); operator (Petersham, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Chatswood, NSW, 1954-1963; Millwood, NSW, 1968; Chatswood, NSW, 1972)

===''DALTON''===

* [[/Robert Martin Dalton|Dalton, Robert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-SH3] - 1897(Vic)-1949(Vic) - Licences: XLB Melbourne (Auburn, 1913); 3UI Mildura (1923-1925); 3UI Melbourne (Balaclava, 1925-1926; Caulfield, 1927; Camberwell, 1931-1933); 3UN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 158, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Mildura, 1919-1924); radio engineer (Hawthorn, 1926-1927); clerk (Camberwell, 1928); sales (Camberwell, 1931-1949)

===''DALZIEL''===

* [[/Kenneth Elston Dalziel|Dalziel, Kenneth Elston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-WH4] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Sale (1932-1933); 1SK Heard Island (1954); 3AOA Patterson Lakes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 983, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 109, 1933; 1COCP 92, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAAF Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1937); operator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); radio operator (Townsville, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1977; Patterson Lakes, Vic, 1980)

===''DAN''===

* [[/Alexander Morven Dan|Dan, Alexander Morven]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ6-4SJ] - 1916(NSW)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ABU Sydney (Potts Point, 1936-1938; Point Piper, 1939; Neutral Bay, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1954; Coogee, 1955; Bellevue Hill, 1956-1965; Darling Point, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1605, 1936, NSW; COCP3 4278, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (La Perouse, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1963); doctor (Darling Point, NSW, 1968-1972); medical practitioner (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.smh.com.au/national/kokoda-diggers-owed-a-lot-to-the-skill-of-dr-dan-20120816-24b84.html Obit]

===''DANE''===

* [[/John Edward Dane|Dane, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYF7-5RS] - 1868(Eng)-1928(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3JD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Hawthorn, 1908-1909); merchant (Auburn, 1912-1927)

===''DANGERFIELD''===

* [[/Horace Edgar Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Horace Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3H-85N] - 1895(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XMT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (A.I.F.) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, Vic, 1922); sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1924); warehouseman (Auburn, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1931; Auburn, Vic, 1936-1937); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Joseph Henry Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Joseph Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-22D] - 1911(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NF Townsville (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1686, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (radio electrical salesman) - Relationships: brother of 4NL Norman Gerard Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1937-1954); mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Airlie Beach, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Gerard Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Norman Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-5FD] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NL Ayr (1936-1939); 4ND Ayr (1956-1965); 4ND Brisbane (Sherwood, 1969-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1687, 1936, Qld; BOCP 1062, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Elphinstones); broadcast technician (4AY, ABC Townsville); business proprietor (radio) - Halcyon: AOCP at 16yo - Relationships: brother of 4NF Joseph Henry Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Ayr, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Ayr, Qld, 1954; Home Hill, Qld, 1958); clerk (Sherwood, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''DANIEL''===

* [[/Gordon William Henry Daniel|Daniel, Gordon William Henry or post WW2 William Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L43M-K5H] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3NX Warracknabeal (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1919, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1942); mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949-1977)

* [[/Louis Septimus Daniel|Daniel, Louis Septimus]] - 1834(Eng)-1909(Vic) - experimented with etheric force in mid 1870s, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society of Victoria, member), employment (Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs, concluding acting Secretary, 1897), linguist

===''DANKS''===

* [[/Francis Xavier Danks|Danks, Francis or Francis Xavier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCQ-815] - 1899(Sct)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4FD Rockhampton (1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2282, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, turner, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1972)

===''DARCH''===

* [[/Percy William Darch|Darch, Percy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC69-9XY] - 1895(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XADX Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1935); salesman (Penshurst, 1936-1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''D'ARCY''===

* [[/Norman Elsmore D'Arcy|D'Arcy, Norman Elsmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXQ-46F] - 1897(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XAAF Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Five Dock, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Wembley, WA, 1954; North Steyne, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1958); retired (Eastwood, NSW, 1963; Katoomba, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''DARK''===

* [[/Edward John Dark|Dark, Edward John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-PGR] - 1904(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ADQ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Canley Vale, 1950-1954; Narraweena, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1718, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bus-driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; Canley Vale, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Narraweena, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''DARLEY''===

* [[/Ernest John Darley|Darley, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4BX-9ZK] - 1898(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CJ Perth (South Perth, 1923-1930) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 243, 1916; 2COCP 835, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor importer (South Perth, 1925-1936); importer (Rockingham, 1943); technician (South Perth, 1954-1963)

===''DAVENPORT''===

* [[/Waldron Keith Davenport|Davenport, Waldron Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNNF-TQG] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1919); medical practitioner (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1928; Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Lower Plenty, Vic, 1943-1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''DAVEY''===

* [[/Harold Barrett Davey|Davey, Harold Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYY-FN4] - 1898(Tas)-1948(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Launceston, 1922); electrician (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/John Alfred Davey|Davey, John Alfred &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6X-FSF] - 1913(SA)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2YE Sydney (Glebe Point, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Homebush, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 19, 1934; 3COCP 1029, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Toxteth, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Anderton Davey|Davey, John Anderton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-3ZH] - 1909(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3AD Melbourne (Brighton, 1925-1926; Elsternwick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 66, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); importer (South Yarra, Vic, 1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949); director (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968); manufacturer's agent

* [[/Ralph William Davey|Davey, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGN-W9X] - 1916(SA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 5KD Adelaide (North Croydon, 1935-1939; Mile End, 1947; Blanchetown, 1948); 5DY Portable Adelaide (North Croydon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1481, 1935, SA; 1COCP 515, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Ridleyton North, SA, 1939; Whyalla, SA, 1941-1948); RAAF (Guildford, WA, 1958; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIDSON''===

* [[/E. R. Davidson|Davidson, E. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FP Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Frank James Davidson|Davidson, William Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSMG-5X6] - 1903(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 2FD Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 984, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 316, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1937); officer-in-charge radio station (Charleville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio technician (Charleville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Everton Park, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIES''===

* [[/Frederick Mostyn Davies|Davies, Frederick Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD1-DM7] - 1919(WA)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6FD Boulder (1939, 1947-1948); 6FD Bunbury (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2376, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); electrical inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1949-1963); inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gwilym Thomas Davies|Davies, Gwilym Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTKP-QHF] - 1901(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3GD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 634, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 286, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Preston, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Davies|Davies, Harold Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-9V9] - 1911(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2DB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1497, 1935, NSW; COCP3 249, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1937); police constable (Randwick North, NSW, 1943); manager (Hurstville, NSW, 1949); telephone technician (Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1958); technical instructor (Middle Cove, NSW, 1963; Roseville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Harold Elvin Davies|Davies, Harold Elvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-B9B] - 1912(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2BZ Newcastle (Tighe's Hill, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Lambton, 1954-1961; Charlestown, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1653, 1936, NSW; BOCP 179, 1938; COCP1 823, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Waratah, NSW, 1933-1934); radio mechanic (Tighes Hill, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Lambton, 1954-1963); teacher (Charlestown, NSW, 1968); Landlord (Palm Beach, Qld, 1969); teacher (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Henry Tempest Davies|Davies, Henry Tempest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G889-FX9] - 1900(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6HD Perth (Highgate Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 563, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Balkatta, 1921); police officer (Mundijong, 1943); sergeant (Victoria Park, 1949-1958; Lathlain Park, 1963-1977; Victoria Park, 1980)

* [[/Ivor James Davies|Davies, Ivor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-8PS] - 1912(Wales)-2005(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ID Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1623, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1954); radio technician (Mentone, Vic, 1967-1968); technician (Ashwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/James Braid Davies|Davies, James Braid &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQVD-BTH] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2JD Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1930; Croydon, 1931); 2JD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933); 2JD Quirindi (1934-1936); 2JD Cabarita (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 328, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Croydon, NSW, 1933-1934); draftsman (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954); engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958); mechanical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Cuthbert Davies|Davies, John Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-VJ7] - 1911(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (Middle Park, 1936-1937; Brighton, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1803, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1936); radio serviceman (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); inspector (Albert Park, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Lloyd Evan Davies|Davies, Lloyd Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHS-PRH] - 1909(NSW)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2QI Sydney (Vaucluse, 1936-1938); 2QI Wentworth Falls (1939); 5QI Adelaide (Brighton, 1947; Ashford, 1948; Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1761, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (1971); DSCM - Electoral Rolls: professor of music (Vaucluse, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110446544 OBE]

* [[/Reginald Raymond Clifford Davies|Davies, Reginald Raymond Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGM-73Y] - 1915(SA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 5LJ Adelaide (Goodwood Park, 1933-1939; Plympton, 1947-1948); 3AY Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1960; Heathmont, 1965-1969); 6BQ Perth (Bickley, 1975); 6BQ Denmark (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1138, 1933, SA; BOCP 121, 1937; 1COCP 534, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM Berri, SA, 1941); mechanic (Plympton, SA, 1941-1943); public servant (Prahran, Vic, 1954); retired (Bickley, WA, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas John Davies|Davies, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW36-KPN] - 1901(Wales)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ADS Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939); 2ADA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1947-1950; Fairfield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1747, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miller (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1943); factory manager (Toxteth, NSW, 1949)

===''DAVIS''===

* [[/C. E. Davis|Davis, C. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9DK Kavieng (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clive Eric Davis|Davis, Clive Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNX4-W2M] - 1931(Qld)-2023(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1326, 1953; TVOCP 1362, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast control operator (Manly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Gordon Samuel Davis|Davis, Gordon Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQJ-CX3] - 1909(NSW)-1989(Eng) - Licences: 2ACC Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (HMAS Albatross, East Sydney, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical mechanic (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Henry Hargan Davis|Davis, Henry Hargan or Hargon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT6C-6MB] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Strathfield, 1923-1924); 2HH Sydney (Strathfield, 1926-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 289, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Strathfield, 1930-1936); engineer (Strathfield, 1943) - Professor Henry Hargan Davis, BSc, BE (Syd), PhD (Camb), 1946-1973 (Emeritus Professor 1974) [https://docplayer.net/82920769-Engineering-education-the-university-of-adelaide.html]

* [[/James Davis|Davis, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2H-CG3] - 1916(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AFY Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Rose Bay, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1599, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Ross Raleigh Davis|Davis, Ross Raleigh &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ54-9Q4] - 1907(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2DS Receive Sydney (Vaucluse, 1920-1922); 2DS Sydney (Vaucluse, 1923-1929; Double Bay, 1930-1933; Rose Bay, 1933-1938; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 249, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 934, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: accompanied 2CM on the SS Tahiti; education (Sydney Technical College, Electrical Engineering Degree); employment (AWA, engineer, 1925-1973) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Double Bay, 1930; Rose Bay, 1933-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1958; Rose Bay, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2DS - Ross Raleigh Davis&quot;

===''DAVOREN''===

* [[/Patrick Joseph Davoren|Davoren, Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9V8-193] - 1917(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5KM Victor Harbour (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2231, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943)

===''DAWSON''===

* [[/Alfred Dawson|Dawson, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 559, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: stovemaker (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1930); storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1933) 

* [[/Donald Dawson|Dawson, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-KM5] - 1913(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2DD Tamworth (1935-1939); 2YU Tamworth (1948-1955); 4YU Mackay (1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1411, 1935, NSW; BOCP 169, 1938; COCP3 3209, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car trimmer (Tamworth, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (2TM Station, Duri, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Mt Bassett, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Richard Stanley Dawson|Dawson, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2NQ] - 1897(Vic)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XZP Hobart (1913-1914); 3DA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 282, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1919); electrical engineer (Melbourne, 1921-1924; Toorak, 1925-1926; South Yarra, 1927-1928); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1930; Mosman, 1931-1972; Roseville, NSW, 1977)

===''DAY''===

* [[/Clement Jackson Day|Day, Clement Jackson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXK-KXH] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GY Camperdown (1931-1933); 3GY Yarraville (1937-1939); 3GY Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1969); 3GY Geelong (Wallington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 748, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarraville, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Wallington, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Day|Day, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-5NB] - 1900(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939, 1946-1947; Drummoyne, 1948; Liverpool, 1954-1957; Yagoona, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1394, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Cabramatta, NSW, 1930; Kogarah, NSW, 1932-1936); technician (Liverpool, NSW, 1954); radio mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1968); mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Percival Edwin Day|Day, Percival Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS27-MCP] - 1913(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3PP Fiskville (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1119, 1933, Vic; COCP1 336, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cadet technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1936-1949); radio technician (Jannali, NSW, 1958-1968; Como, NSW, 1972; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ralph Framingham Day|Day, Ralph Framingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-YYT] - 1917(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3RD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1652, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/William Day|Day, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5V-BFB] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AKV Sydney (Normanhurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 164, 1938; COCP1 273, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Cammaray, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Kingsford, NSW, 1954; OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DEAMAN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Deaman|Deaman, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCQ-JYM] - 1913(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2ADH Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Guildford, 1946-1950); 2ADH Old Bar (1954); 2ADH Sydney (Liverpool, 1955-1957; Dundas, 1958-1969); 2ADH Callala Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1720, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: half tone etcher (Haberfield, NSW, 1934-1937); process engraver (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949); carpenter (Old Bar, NSW, 1954); half-tone etcher (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Callala Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''DEANE''===

* [[/Launston Alexander Deane|Deane, Launston Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-182] - 1909(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5LD Adelaide (Tusmore, 1933; Hazelwood Park, 1937-1939; Royston Park, 1947-1955; Hazelwood Park, 1956-1965; St Georges, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1090, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Philip Morris Deane|Deane, Philip Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4L7-PFP] - 1901(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZM Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1954; Cheltenham, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Dural, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Raymond Kyrle Deane|Deane, Raymond Kyrle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-HB1] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)93yo - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1728, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1941); clerk (Fullarton, SA, 1943)

===''DEARNESS''===

* [[/Harry Sinclair Dearness|Dearness, Harry Sinclair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCW-RRF] - 1921(Sct)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4KW Mackay (1939, 1947-1975); 4KW Brisbane (Strathpine, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2328, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (radio &amp; TV mechanic) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1949-1972; Strathpine, Qld, 1980)

===''DE BAVAY''===

* [[/Francis Jean Xavier de Bavay|de Bavay, Francis Jean or John Xavier ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFJ-D1R] - 1887(Vic)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 4FO Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Kew, Vic, 1909); brewer (West Perth, WA, 1916); chemist (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1921); manager (New Farm, Qld, 1925); master brewer (Cascades, Tas, 1928-1936); manager (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''DE CRESPIGNY''===

* [[/Philip Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Philip Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJG-QN9] - 1879(Vic)-1918(Palestine) - Licences: XPU Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: half brother of 3FM Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/370943 VWMA]; [https://anneyoungau.wordpress.com/2013/04/24/philip-champion-de-crespigny-1879-1918/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Royalieu Dana Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH7P-7SD] - 1905(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Brighton, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Elmhurst, 1936-1949); farmer (Cobden, 1954; South Ecklin, 1963-1980) - Relationships: half brother of XPU Philip Champion de Crespigny

===''DE CURE''===

* [[/John Edward Gerard de Cure|de Cure, John Edward Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVD6-DWD] - 1899(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1929-1933); 5KO Adelaide (Glenelg, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 2KO Sydney (Artarmon, 1957-1958); 5KO Adelaide (Fulham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 535, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 22, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, 1954); public servant (North Carlton, 1921-1924; Coburg, 1927-1934; Artarmon, NSW, 1958)

===''DEEGAN''===

* [[/Stanley Edward Deegan|Deegan, Stanley Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYK3-2V3] - 1893(Tas)-1944(Tas) - Licences: 7AK Hobart (St Virgil's College, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; public servant (State &amp; Federal, PMGD); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922); civil servant (Hobart, 1928-1936); postal official (Hobart, 1943)

===''DEER''===

* [[/Percival William Deer|Deer, Percival William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DJ-9ZF] - 1901(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5DR Adelaide (Seacliff, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 451, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brighton, 1939-1943)

===''DELBRIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Joseph Robert Delbridge|Delbridge, Reginald Joseph Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L439-HNM] - 1888(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4RJ Childers (1927); 4RJ Brisbane (Paddington, 1931-1933; Booval, 1937-1939); 4RJ Stanthorpe (1946-1948); 4RJ Brisbane (Northgate, 1954-1955; Toowong, 1956); 4RJ Burleigh Heads (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 383, 1927, No. 42 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), minister of religion - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Ingham, 1917-1919); minister (Kingaroy, 1925); clergyman (Ashgrove, 1943); minister (Stanthorpe, 1949); minister of religion (New Farm, 1954); Methodist Minister (Toowong, 1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963)

===''DELLIT''===

* [[/Samuel Stephen Dellit|Dellit, Samuel Stephen]] - Licences: VK4ZSS Brisbane, VK3 Melbourne, VK1DXA Canberra - Qualifications: AOLCP Q0078, 1971 - amateur operator, broadcast DXer, broadcast planning engineer, federal public servant, radio historian (aeradio, amateur, broadcast, coastal)

===''DELMAR''===

* [[/Edwin Chisholm Delmar|Delmar, Edwin Chisholm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KG-D8C] - 1906(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2XZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1934-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1252, 1934, NSW; COCP2 42, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless officer (New Farm, Qld, 1941-1943); radio officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''DEMPSEY''===

* [[/Walter McInnes Dempsey|Dempsey, Walter McInnes &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQN-B69] - 1910(Vic)-2010(Vic)100yo - Licences: 3WD Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1929-1931); 7WD Cambridge (1948); 3AZD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954); 3WD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1955-1969; Oak Park, 1975); 3WD Marong (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 515, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 41, 1931; 1COCP 217, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1936-1937); radio operator (Mentone, Vic, 1942); aeradio operator (Cambridge, Tas, 1949); public servant (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1954-1968; Oak Park, Vic, 1972); retired (Marong, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DENBY''===

* [[/Harry Roy Denby|Denby, Harry Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTS-LLS] - 1906(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4FR Receive Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923); 4AX Brisbane (Kedron, 1936-1939); 4AX Cairns (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1800, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937; Cairns, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''DENHOLM''===

* [[/Ivo Hart Denholm|Denholm or Denham, Ivo Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRT8-DHN] - 1909(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3UD Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1956; East Brighton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1657, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1931); clerk (Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1937; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1949; Coburg West, Vic, 1954); company director (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1968; Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''DENISON''===

* [[/Hugh Robert Denison|Denison or Dixson, Hugh Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-WTC] - 1865(NSW)-1940(Vic) - born Hugh Robert Dixson; businessman, parliamentarian, philanthropist; director of Australasian Wireless Co. then Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) - Links: [[w:Hugh Denison|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/denison-sir-hugh-robert-5955 ADB]

===''DENNEEN''===

* [[/Harold Roy Denneen|Denneen, Harold Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-6YG] - 1894(NSW)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (A/g Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928-1937)

===''DENNETT''===

* [[/Phillip Roy Dennett|Dennett, Phillip or Philip Roy or Ray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNX4-D9K] - 1897(SA)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 5IV Berri (1931-1938); 4IV Camooweal (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 799, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Morningside, Qld, 1943; West End, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Morningside, Qld, 1963-1977)

===''DENNIS''===

* [[/Gordon Walker Dennis|Dennis, Gordon Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G988-L7W] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3TF Melbourne (Footscray, 1937-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1948; Footscray, 1954-1956; West Yarraville, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2030, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Footscray North, 1931-1942); manager (Yarraville, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''DENT''===

* [[/Harold Fredrick Dent|Dent, Harold Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-6JN] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AHU Sydney (Rhodes, 1937-1938; Strathfield, 1939; Concord, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1975, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1936; Rhodes, NSW, 1937); electrician (Concord, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical engineer (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1963)

===''DERHAM''===

* [[/Frederick John Walcott Derham|Derham, Frederick John Walcott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-H9J] - 1900(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJR Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Werribee, Vic, 1937); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1943); director (Malvern, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Frederick Thomas Derham|Derham, Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6G1-7H6] - 1844(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victorian Postmaster-General (1886-1890) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/derham-frederick-thomas-3398 ADB]

===''DERRICK''===

* [[/V. M. Derrick|Derrick, V. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2VM Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DERRY''===

* [[/John Frederick Derry|Derry, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-MNQ] - 1909(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Harbord, 1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1259, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Manly, NSW, 1930); carpenter (Manly, NSW, 1931-1933); radio mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1935-1937; Chatswood, NSW, 1943); pastry cook (St Leonards, NSW, 1949); proprietor (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, NSW, 1958; North Sydney, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DEUTGEN''===

* [[/Carl Friedrich Alfons Deutgen|Deutgen, Carl Friedrich Alfons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-JC5] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: XJA Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937-1949); agent (Melbourne, Vic, 1954)

===''D'EVELYNES''===

* [[/Claude D'Evelynes|D'Evelynes, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF39-3D8] - 1916(WA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 6DC Harvey (1935-1939); 2TZ Sydney (Mona Vale, 1948; Clifton Gardens, 1954-1955); 9TZ Rugli via Lae (1956); 2TZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1488, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Harvey, WA, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Mona Vale, NSW, 1949; Mosman, NSW, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DEVITT''===

* [[/Raymond Lane Devitt|Devitt, Raymond Lane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB11-PTK] - 1905(Tas)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6DR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 990, 1928; 2COCP 287, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); manager (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEVLIN''===

* [[/Henry William Devlin|Devlin, Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X1T-L2C] - 1896(NSW)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XHD Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 360, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Applied AIF 1918, Unfit due eyesight); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1980) - Comment: Father also named Henry William Devlin (physician, Manly, NSW, 1913)

===''DEWAN''===

* [[/John Owen Dewan|Dewan, John Owen (Electoral Rolls) or Owen John (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-2D4] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6JK Perth (Maylands, 1930-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933; City, 1937; North Perth, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 715, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 3COCP 188, 1936; 2COCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Maylands, WA, 1931; North Perth, 1934-1937); teacher (East Perth, WA, 1943); trade instructor (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEWAR''===

* [[/Arthur Edward Dewar|Dewar, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-CSX] - 1888(Vic)-1974(WA) - Licences: XYE Kalgoorlie (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Perth, WA, 1910; Perth, WA, 1915); engine fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916-1917); fitter &amp; turner (Bunbury, WA, 1925); fitter (West Australian Gov Railways, Collie, WA, 1931; Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Maylands, WA, 1954-1968); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1972)

* [[/R. A. Dewar|Dewar, R. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CN Receive Perth (Bassenden, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DEXTER''===

* [[/John Henry Dexter|Dexter, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G428-3PS] - 1906(Eng)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Melbourne (Northcote, 1926-1927); 3VR Melbourne (Sandringham, 1938-1939; Black Rock, 1946-1956; Parkdale, 1960-1965; Mt Eliza, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 241, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1927); engineer (Preston, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); radio mechanic (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''DICK''===

* [[/F. Dick|Dick, F.]] - abt 1883(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Ian Robert Sherriff Dick|Dick, Ian Robert Sherriff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZX-YBG] - 1908(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1419, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Daglish, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1954); orderly (Wembley, WA, 1958-1972)

===''DICKSON''===

* [[/Eric John Dickson|Dickson, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFP-V91] - 1906(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AFM Sydney (Guildford, 1937-1939; Harris Park, 1946-1961; Fairlight, 1965; Guildford, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1850, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Guildford, NSW, 1930-1937); repair assessor (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); buyer (Guildford, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Francis Percy Dickson|Dickson, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWK-1X2] - 1912(Canada)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AFB Sydney (Acton, 1936-1937); 2AFB Bega (1938); 2AFB Sydney (Cheltenham, 1939); 2FB Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1948; Cronulla, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1824, 1936, NSW; BOCP 124, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949; Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DIDDAMS''===

* [[/Robert Harlin Flower Diddams|Diddams, Robert Harlin or Harland Flower]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZN-YJP] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Toowong, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925); printer (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); retired (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1968)

===''DILLON''===

* [[/Arthur Ernest Dillon|Dillon, Arthur Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot; &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85L-HH7] - 1902(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1922); 4CH Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, 1925); engineer (New Farm, 1929); electrical engineer (Atherton, 1931-1932); electrician (Greenslopes, 1943-1954; Mt Gravatt, 1958)

===''DIMMOCK''===

* [[/Berton Lawrence Dimmock|Dimmock, Berton Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55T-FDB] - 1915(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1473, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: valve maker (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); foreman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DINEEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey John Dineen|Dineen, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8L-9R6] - 1919(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7GD Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1588, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 6330, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Launceston, 1949-1968)

===''DIRCKS''===

* [[/Alexander Alfred Dircks|Dircks, Alexander Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-6GN] - 1858(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - senior federal public servant (PMGD, Electrical Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DITTON''===

* [[/Edward William Arthur Ditton|Ditton, Edward William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-383] - 1912(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Annandale, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 228, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kentville, NSW, 1934-1935); aviator (New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937); pilot (South Brisbane, Qld, 1941); airline pilot (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); pilot (Hackett, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''DIXON''===

* [[/Arthur Gurnhill Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Gurnhill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G826-18S] - 1896(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XZA Wynyard (1913-1914); 3JG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3AD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AVE Melbourne (Nunawading, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 462, 1919; 2COCP 160, 1930; 1COCP 271, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wynyard, 1919); wireless mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); technician (Auburn, 1936-1937); inspector (Surrey Hills, 1943-1963) - Probate: retired marine inspector (Melbourne, 1966)

* [[/Arthur Lionel Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82F-YX7] - 1897(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 236 Sydney (Burwood, 1920); 2BS Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2AD Sydney (Canterbury, 1929; Strathfield, 1930); 4AD Brisbane (Norman Park, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 202, 1916; 2COCP 288, 1930; 1COCP 170, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Concord, NSW, 1930; Norman Park, Qld, 1931-1943); RANVR (Kyeemagh, 1943); engineer (Waverton, 1949; Eastwood, 1954; Lidcombe North, 1958); managing director (Blakehurst, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Frederick Musgrave Dixon|Dixon, Charles Frederick Musgrave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L27B-XXY] - 1894(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2II Receive Cootamundra (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cootamundra, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Goulburn, 1943; Annandale, 1949-1954; Camperdown, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Malcolm Dixon|Dixon, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWD1-HXH] - 1922(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); education (Scots College, 1935-1939); military (WW2, AIF, 1942-1945) - Links: [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2008decGS/74.htm Obit]

* [[/Lionel Stanley Dixon|Dixon, Lionel Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PR-QD2] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 3TE Melbourne (Croydon, 1947-1948; Elwood, 1954-1980); 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2177, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Glenferrie, Vic, 1934-1937); builder (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954-1967; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZI Condong (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4GF Victoria Hills, Herbert River (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Hilton Dixon|Dixon, Reginald Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82N-FQV] - 1915(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2QD Albury (1933-1937); 2QD Armidale (1938-1939); 2QD Albury (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1216, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (Albury, 1972-1977)

===''DOBBYN''===

* [[/Joseph McMullen Dobbyn|Dobbyn, Joseph McMullen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY39-PBK] - 1892(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3DO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 214, 1916 (Marconi); CPRT 266, 1916 (Telefunken); COCP1 45, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1914-1919); mechanic (Alphington, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); public servant (Darling, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''DOBLE''===

* [[/Allan Mackenzie Doble|Doble, Allan Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MW-KGZ] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3ZM Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1931-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Hughesdale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 807, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); traveller (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1968); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DODDS''===

* [[/John Stokell Dodds|Dodds, Sir John Stokell Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYR-2KQ] - 1906(Tas)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 7DJ Hobart (City, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 208, 1935; AOCP 1851, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Town, 1936-1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954); electrical engineer (Wahroonga, 1958-1968); manager (St Ives, 1972)

* [[/John William Matthew Dodds|Dodds, John William Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NX-3CT] - 19??(???)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KK Kurri Kurri (1930-1939); 2AZD Newcastle (New Lambton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 644, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: miner (Kuri Kurri, 1930-1949; New Lambton, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leonard Henry Dodds|Dodds, Leonard Henry &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLVS-Z6R] - 1908(NSW)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 2LD Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1931; Gordon, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, 1935-1936; Chatswood, 1937-1939); 4GD Townsville (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, RAAF); radio clubs (Townsville ARC, life member); employment (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator RAN (Chatswood, NSW, 1937); wireless operator RAAF (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio mechanic (Cape Pallarenda, Qld, 1954-1958); PMG technician (Townsville, Qld, 1959-1963); technician (Gulliver, Qld, 1968-1969; Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977; Yabul, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald George Dodds|Dodds, Ronald George]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''DODDY''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Doddy|Doddy, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-HWS] - 1899(Tas)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WH Perth (Claremont, 1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1817, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1958)

===''DODSON''===

* [[/Charles Ralph Dodson|Dodson, Charles Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVP-5DQ] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJCO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Fairfield, Vic, 1914); shop assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1915); chemist's assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1916-1924); chemist (Preston, Vic, 1925-1954)

===''DOHERTY''===

* [[/Francis Hugh Doherty|Doherty, Francis Hugh &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHVX-8NH] - 1918(Vic)-2008(ACT) - Licences: 3XE Melbourne (Mentone, 1937-1939; Balwyn, 1947); 4XE Townsville (Hyde Park, 1948); 6XE Perth (Pearce, 1954-1955); 1XE Canberra (Narrabundah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1936, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (West Perth, WA, 1943; St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); RAAF Officer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Pearce, WA, 1954); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1958; Syndal, Vic, 1967; Narrabundah, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrabundah, ACT, 1980)

===''DOHRMANN''===

* [[/George Stanley Glenville Dohrmann|Dohrmann, George Stanley Glenville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-TB8] - 1902(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922); 3AM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1926); warehouseman (Burwood, Vic, 1931; Canterbury, 1937-1943); agriculturalist (Mt Dandenong, 1949-1954; Mooroolbark, 1968-1980)

===''DOIG''===

* [[/Norman Louis Doig|Doig, Norman Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSD-M17] - 1912(WA)-2014(WA)101yo - Licences: 6ND Carnamah (1937-1939); 6CB Perth (Floreat Park, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2061, 1937, WA; 3COCP 1505, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carnamah, WA, 1936-1937; Floreat Park, WA, 1943); telegraphist (City Beach, WA, 1949; Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley, WA, 1968-1972); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1977-1980)

===''DONNE''===

* [[/Charles Walter Donne|Donne, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FC7] - 1897(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: XLO Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 2YD Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925); 3YD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 271, 1916; 2COCP 87, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (St Kilda, 1919-1924); technician (St Kilda, 1925-1931); dealer (Armadale, 1934-1937); investor (Mornington, 1943); grazier (Dromana, 1949-1954); nil (Mornington, 1963-1972) - Migration: South Africa (1955-1962)

===''DOOK''===

* [[/Valentine Lawson Dook|Dook, Valentine Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7X1-NJH] - 1903(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KB Perth (Maylands, 1931-1933; Mt Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 754, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter's assistant (East Perth, WA, 1931); oil plant attendant (Leederville, WA, 1936-1937); control room operator (Leederville, WA, 1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); electrical foreman (Wembley, WA, 1958-1977)

===''DOOLAN''===

* [[/Martin Joseph Doolan|Doolan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9XM-JDB] - 1913(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3AKO Melbourne (Balcombe, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AKU Colac (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1869, 1937, Vic; BOCP 198, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wangaratta, Vic, 1934); permanent soldier (Military Camp, Balcombe, Vic, 1949); technician (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1963; St Kilda, Vic, 1968)

===''DORWARD''===

* [[/William Haxton Dorward|Dorward, William Haxton, Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-X62] - 1901(Vic)-1937(NSW) - Licences: 3CA Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922-1923); 3CA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Sandringham, 1924-1926); grazier (Moama, 1930; Fort Station, Barnes, 1935-1937)

===''DOUBIKIN''===

* [[/William Thomas Henry Doubikin|Doubikin, William Thomas Henry]] - 1890(Vic)-1927(Tas) - Licences: Hobart Receive 1920s, early wireless experimenter (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, Councillor, 1924), passed too soon
===''DOUDNEY''===

* [[/Herbert William Doudney|Doudney, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MQDH-R32] - 1873(Eng)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Receive Melbourne (Balaclava, 1922); 3EM Melbourne (Balaclava, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 63, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion (Holy Trinity Church) - Electoral Rolls: vicar (St Kilda, 1924-1942); nil (Caulfield, 1949-1954; Elsternwick, 1963)

===''DOUGAN''===

* [[/Donald Hunter Dougan|Dougan, Donald Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQ5-MR5] - 1902(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AMF Gulgong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 948, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gulgong, NSW, 1930-1980)

===''DOUGLAS''===

* [[/Gavin Cunningham Douglas|Douglas, Gavin Cunningham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99J-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3YK Melbourne (Bayswater, 1931-1939, 1947-1950+; Blackburn, 1954; Canterbury, 1955-1960+; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 743, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bayswater, 1935-1949); sales representative (Canterbury, 1963; Surrey Hills, 1968-1980)

* [[/Gordon Adye Douglas|Douglas, Gordon Adye]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVY-WLJ] - 1878(Tas)-1957(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Receive Gormanston (1923); Receive Gormanston (1923); 7GD Gormanston (1924-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 34, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Gormanston, 1914-1928); draughtsman (Queenstown, 1936); geological surveyor (Queenstown, 1937-1943); no occupation (Hobart South, 1949; Blackman's Bay, 1954)

* [[/Hugh Alexander McKay Douglas|Douglas, Hugh Alexander McKay &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV3Y-3W4] - 1889(Eng)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2HD (Class B) Newcastle (1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Class B broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a Listener) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Newcastle, 1913); vulcaniser (Hamilton, 1930-1935); manager (Newcastle, 1936-1937); engineer (Mayfield, 1943; Hamilton, 1949)

* [[/Raymond Lindsay Douglas|Douglas, Raymond Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G719-RQD] - 1918(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ON Tamworth (1935-1939); 2ON Kempsey (1946-1947); 2ON Dapto (1948); 2ON Dubbo (1950); 2ON Sydney (Epping, 1955); 2ON Gosford (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1506, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Dapto, NSW, 1949; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/William Gordon Douglas|Douglas, William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-ST4] - 1900(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GA Lavers Hill (1931-1933); 3GA Curdie Vale (1937-1939); 3GA Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 828, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1914-1948) - Electoral Rolls: schoolmaster (Rochester, Vic, 1921); student (Parkville, Vic, 1924; Caulfield, Vic, 1925); school teacher (Mepunga East, Vic, 1927; Lavers Hill, Vic, 1928-1934; Mernda, Vic, 1936; Curdie Vale, Vic, 1937); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''DOVEY''===

* [[/R. L. Dovey|Dovey, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, possibly typo in initials - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DOWDING''===

* [[/Philip Lorens Thomas Dowding|Dowding, Philip Lorena or Loreno or Lorens Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH8-Z6D] - 1901(Tas)-19??(Vic) - Licences: 7AC Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Moonah, 1922); electrician (St Kilda, 1926-1931; Prahran, 1934; Melbourne, 1937; St Kilda, 1943-1949); electrical foreman (Eildon, 1954)

===''DOWE''===

* [[/Richard Cory Dowe|Dowe, Richard Cory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-V1S] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Lindfield, 1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2403, 1939, NSW; BOCP 495, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Lindfield, NSW, 1943); clerk (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); bank officer (Gladesville, NSW, 1954-1968; North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DOWLING''===

* [[/Richard Patrick Dowling|Dowling, Richard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SMP-52S] - 1903(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3XD Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1934-1939, 1947-1960; Montmorency, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1359, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Fitzroy, Vic, 1925-1927); constable (Fitzroy South, Vic, 1931-1954); process worker (Montmorency, Vic, 1963)

===''DOWNIE''===

* [[/Frederick William Downie|Downie, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y2-LQ8] - 1879(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victoria Police (wireless department, senior constable); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo VPF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broadford, 1903); constable (North Carlton, 1909-1924); senior constable (Preston, 1927-1936)

===''DOWNING''===

* [[/Edward Frank Downing|Downing, Edward Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-KTX] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CL Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: law student (South Perth, WA, 1931-1934); solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1980)

* [[/William Evan Downing|Downing, William Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHV4-K46] - 1874(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3LQ Warrnambool (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: brassfounder (Warrnambool, 1912-1937)

* [[/William George Downing|Downing, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2WQ-56L] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GD Stanhope (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1697, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Stanhope, Vic, 1931); wireless expert (Girgarre, Vic, 1934; Stanhope, Vic, 1936-1967); radio expert (Stanhope, Vic, 1972); TV service (Stanhope, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DOYLE''===

* [[/Herbert Laurence Doyle|Doyle, Herbert Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VG-WVC] - 1894(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1931); 3CR Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Kooyong, 1937; Frankston, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 697, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: independent means (St Arnaud, 1924); grazier (Malvern East, 1925-1927); clerk (Malvern East, 1931-1937); home duties (Malvern, 1943)

===''DRAEGER''===

* [[/Herbert William Draeger|Draeger, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCZ-36G] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XAD Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; pre-WW1 (3 years Corps Aust Signallers); WW1 (applied AIF 1915, fit for home service); WW2 (CMF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Newtown, Vic, 1912; Paddington, NSW, 1913); fitter (Blackburn, Vic, 1912-1917); poulterer (Coburg, Vic, 1917-1919); grocer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1924-1936); driver (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); pensioner (Sandringham, Vic, 1958)

===''DRAKE''===

* [[/James George Drake|Drake, James George]] - 1850(Eng)-1941(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1880s &amp; 1890s), state politician (Qld MLA, 1880s &amp; 1890s), politician (Postmaster-General 1901-1903)

===''DRANEY''===

* [[/Walter Edward Draney|Draney, Walter Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KLP-VT7] - 1896(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milton, Qld, 1919; Greenslopes, Qld, 1921-1928; Tully, Qld, 1937; Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba West, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Drayton, Qld, 1980)

===''DRANSFIELD''===

* [[/Reginald Beaumont Dransfield|Dransfield, Reginald Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-4VK] - 1906(Tas)-1947(ACT) - Licences: 2ALD Bungendore (1938-1939); 2ALD Canberra (Acton, 1946; Kingston, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2233, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Moore College, Camperdown, NSW, 1930); deacon (North Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); clergyman (Adaminaby, NSW, 1933; Adelong, NSW, 1936; Lake Bathurst, NSW, 1937)

===''DREDGE''===

* [[/Leslie Laurence Dredge|Dredge, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-YQP] - 1895(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XPV Melbourne (South Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Preston, Vic, 1926-1931); confectioner (Preston, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (Abbotsford, Vic, 1942-1949; Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Preston, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''DREW''===

* [[/Alfred John Drew|Drew, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-1HH] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5LN Adelaide (Kensington, 1933-1939; Erindale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1078, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Erindale, SA, 1943)

* [[/Charles William Drew|Drew, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPS1-3BB] - 1900(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 249 Sydney (Waverley, 1920); 2CD Sydney (Randwick, 1929-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 500, 1919; COCP2 386, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''DRISCOLL''===

* [[/Albert Edmund Driscoll|Driscoll, Albert Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL75-71C] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2KN Quirindi (1933-1939); 2BI Quirindi (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1126, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Quirindi, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''DU FEU''===

* [[/Maurice Albert James Du Feu|Du Feu, Maurice Albert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3M-V9D] - 1917(WA)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 6DF Perth (Subiaco, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; West Perth, 1954-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1965); 6DU Perth (West Perth, 1948); 2BMD Sydney (Lindfield, 1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1875, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: company director (West Perth, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (West Perth, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Lindfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DUBOIS''===

* [[/Paul Louis Dubois|Dubois, Paul Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZQ-QN3] - 1918(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4UJ Brisbane (Rosalie, 1936-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1947; South Brisbane, 1948; Highgate Hill, 1954-1960; Bardon 1960); 4PL Brisbane (Bardon 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1677, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; senior public servant (PMGD, Telstra) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1943; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949); public servant (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1954-1958); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977); manager telecommunications (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''DUDMAN''===

* [[/William Henry George Dudman|Dudman, William Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWL-7KH] - 1915(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3VY Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rosanna, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1907, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1949-1963); radio technician (Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1968); sales manager (Rosanna, Vic, 1977); manager (Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''DUFF''===

* [[/David Hugh Bowen Duff|Duff, David Hugh Bowen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW6B-5QD] - 1909(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2EO Sydney (Stanmore, 1933-1934; Enmore, 1935-1936); 3EO Melbourne (Crib Point, 1937); 2EO Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938); 2EO Canberra (Belconnen, 1939); 2EO Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1011, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Newtown, NSW, 1935; Crib Point, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Naval Wireless Station, Belconnen, ACT, 1943); PMG employee (Hornsby, NSW, 1949); service engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Duff, William Vere Hobart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZC-JGP] - 1893(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DB Receive Melbourne (Malvern East, 1922); 3DB Melbourne (Malvern East, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Malvern East, 1914); engineer (Malvern East, 1919-1924; Glenferrie, 1931-1937; Toorak, 1943-1954; Harkaway, 1958-1968)

===''DUFFY''===

* [[/John Duffy|Duffy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-QKJ] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Sydney (Redfern, 1933; Woollahra, 1934; Rose Bay, 1935-1937); 4AQ Brisbane (Grange, 1938); 2AQ Sydney (Bondi, 1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, not yet identified; AOLCP 264, 1936; TVOCP 54, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous JDs, needs review - Electoral Rolls: manager (Woollahra, NSW, 1934); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Maurice Boyce Duffy|Duffy, Maurice Boyce &quot;Morrie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRYK-S76] - 1886(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/duffy-maurice-boyce-morrie-6030 ADB]

* [[/William Oswald Duffy|Duffy, William Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2Q2] - 1861(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: XZO Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Battery Point, 1914)

===''DUGGAN''===

* [[/Harry George Duggan|Duggan, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9H-8LW] - 1905(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XI Warrnambool (1930-1965); 3AXI Warrnambool (1965-1969); 3XI Garvoc (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 592, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Warrnambool, 1931-1954); engineer (Warrnambool, 1963-1968)

===''DUKES''===

* [[/Gordon William Dukes|Dukes, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RY-PGT] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2WD Sydney (Forest Lodge, 1930-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1956; Cremorne, 1957-1958; Lane Cove, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 571, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 139, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glebe, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, 1943-1949); engineer (Cremorne, 1954-1958); technician (Lane Cove, 1963-1980)

===''DUNCAN''===

* [[/John Caldwell Duncan|Duncan, John Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-R7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3VZ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2185, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: builder (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); contractor (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); builder (Balwyn, Vic, 1958-1967)

===''DUNDAS''===

* [[/Reginald Loftus Dundas|Dundas, Reginald Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-8LM] - 1915(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4DU Crawford, Kingaroy Line (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1990, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Theodore, Qld, 1937); labourer (Crawford, Kingaroy Line, Qld, 1949-1972); farmer (Torquay, Qld, 1977)

===''DUNLEAVY''===

* [[/Joseph Francis Dunleavy|Dunleavy, Joseph Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 508, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); electrical fitter (Melbourne, Vic, 1926; South Yarra, Vic, 1931); fitter (St Kilda, Vic, 1934)

===''DUNN''===

* [[/Deveron Colin Dunn|Dunn, Deveron Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDX6-2DP] - 1914(NZ)-2014(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2EG Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1420, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1937-1963); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1968); electronics technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Dunn|Dunn, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDXX-SDR] - 1908(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2AKS Sydney (Chatswood, 1938-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2194, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1932-1933; Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Richard Dunn|Dunn, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSN-T31] - 1898(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Receive Sydney (South Kensington, 1922); 2GU Sydney (South Kensington, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Kensington, 1930-1943); manager (Kingsford, 1958); retired (The Entrance, 1963-1980)

===''DUNSTAN''===

* [[/Walter John Dunstan|Dunstan, Walter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-Y3V] - 1904(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Receive Ballarat (1922); 3JR Ballarat (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 106, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: gone too soon - Relationships: brother of William Dunstan, Victoria Cross - Electoral Rolls: student (Ballarat East, 1927)

===''DUNSTONE''===

* [[/Arthur James Dunstone|Dunstone, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WW-2QQ] - 1920(Vic)-2019(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2412, 1939, Vic; COCP2 574, 1942; COCP1 601, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maldon, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''DURBER''===

* [[/Robert George Durber|Durber, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-CRT] - 1922(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6DG Merredin (1947-1948; 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2437, 1940, WA; BOCP 385, 1941 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcast technician (Northam, WA, 1943-1949); technician (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''DURBIN''===

* [[/Walter Albury Durbin|Durbin, Walter Albury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQS-F1D] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (active early 1930s to early 1990s) - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Willoughby, NSW, 1935-1963); manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DURBRIDGE''===

* [[/William Keep Durbridge|Durbridge, William Keep]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDN-Z4B] - 1908(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 4FS Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Innisfail, Qld, 1930); clerk (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1937); bookkeeper (Dundoo Station, Eulo, Qld, 1937); no occupation (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1972; Melbourne, Vic, 1977)

===''DUTHOIT''===

* [[/Albert George Duthoit|Duthoit, Albert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ94-V82] - 1901(Tas)-1970(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); labourer (Croydon North, 1931); no occupation (Armadale, 1931); engineer (Hobart South, 1936); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1935-1943); clerk (Ivanhoe, 1949; Oakleigh, 1954; Malvern, 1958); nil (Malvern, 1967-1968)

===''DUTTON''===

* [[/Thomas Henry Dutton|Dutton, Thomas Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJG1-LRN] - 1862(Eng)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: painter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1903-1905); commission agent (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1908-1909); printer (Valley, Qld, 1913); traveller (Teneriffe, Qld, 1915-1937)

===''DWYER''===

* [[/John Timothy Dwyer|Dwyer, John Timothy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-48T] - 1913(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Young (1932-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 945, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Young, NSW, 1934-1954)

===''DYE''===

* [[/Aubrey David Wilson Dye|Dye, Aubrey David Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVB-QPC] - 1886(Eng)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AW Sydney (Centennial Park, 1929-1958) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Centennial Park, NSW, 1930-1954)

===''DYER''===

* [[/Clarence Alfred Robert Dyer|Dyer, Clarence Alfred Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFFF-P78] - 1895(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3DY Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1931-1939; Middle Brighton, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 837, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1921-1922; Melbourne East, Vic, 1924; Northcote, Vic, 1926-1928; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1931-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949)

=='''E'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''EADIE''===

* [[/Norman William Eadie|Eadie, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBL7-X21] - 1915(WA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3UP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2219, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1980)

===''EAGLES''===

* [[/James Algernon Eagles|Eagles, James Algernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-S6T] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XIF Jiggi (1913-1914); 2AIA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: husband of 2AIA Muriel Margaret Eagles nee Boag - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Glebe, NSW, 1913); school teacher (Croydon Park, NSW, 1930); retired (Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1949)

* [[/Muriel Margaret Eagles|Eagles nee Boag, Muriel Margaret]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJM-CDT] - 1890(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIA Sydney (Miranda, 1957; Strathfield, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3562, 1956, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: wife of XIF-2AIA James Algernon Eagles - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Croydon, NSW, 1930; Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''EAGLING''===

* [[/Reginald William Eagling|Eagling, Reginald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWL-N2H] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AEY Taree (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEY Lightning Ridge (1980+); 2UG Portable Taree (1958-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1829, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taree, NSW, 1935-1936); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949); director (Taree, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Lightning Ridge, NSW, 1980)

===''EAKINS''===

* [[/Cyril Clarence Eakins|Eakins, Cyril Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-M4Z] - 1915(WA)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6CN Geraldton (1939, 1947-1948); 6CN Kellerberrin (1954-1965); 6CN Perth (Greenmount, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2388, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937); chemist (South Belmont, WA, 1943); pharmaceutical chemist (Geraldton, WA, 1949); chemist (Kellerberrin, WA, 1954-1963); pharmaceutical chemist (Greenmount, WA, 1968-1980)

===''EARLE''===

* [[/Frank Edwin Earle|Earle, Frank Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YV-B62] - 1900(SA)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 823, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5BD - Frank Edwin Earle&quot;

* [[/Robert Erasmus Earle|Earle, Robert Erasmus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLX-NC1] - 1894(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6LC Perth (Floreat Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: AOCP 4390, 1966, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Floreat Park, 1954-1977)

===''EARLY''===

* [[/John Henry Early|Early, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56P-939] - 1902(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Temora (1934-1938); 2KQ Cessnock (1939); 2KQ Toronto (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1384, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Temora, NSW, 1936-1937; Toronto, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''EAST''===

* [[/William Lawrence East|East, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZK-JMF] - 1914(???)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2AEG Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1937); 2AEG Newcastle (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1636, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Newington, NSW, 1936)

===''EASTER''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Easter|Easter, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2L-656] - 1914(SA)-1983(???) - Licences: 5RO Montieth (1933); 5RO Port Elliot (1937); 5RO Moonta (1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1111, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Moonta, SA, 1939-1947) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532330 VWM]

===''EASTERBROOK''===

* [[/Raymond Walter Easterbrook|Easterbrook, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN7-6JX] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3RM Melbourne (Clayton, 1931-1933; South Yarra, 1937-1939; Bentleigh, 1948; Box Hill North, 1954-1960; Frankston, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 804, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Caulfield East, 1934-1935); sales (South Yarra, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); medical detailer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); manager (Upwey, Vic, 1954); company director (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963); director (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''EASTON''===

* [[/Frederick William Spencer Easton|Easton, Frederick William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-7XD] - 1914(NSW)-1944(PNG) - Licences: 2BQ Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1935; Bellevue Hill, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 846, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Rose Bay, 1936-1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''EATON''===

* [[/Rupert Thomas Eaton|Eaton, Rupert Thomas or Thomas Rupert (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVR-DJH] - 1904(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6DO Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Claremont, WA, 1931); shop front fitter (Belmont, WA, 1937-1968); draftsman (Scarborough, WA, 1972); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

===''EBRALL''===

* [[/Herbert Novelle Ebrall|Ebrall, Herbert Novelle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7J-D63] - 1909(Eng)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 35, 1936 - broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor apprentice (Tuart Hill, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1936-1937); mine owner (Ruby Flat, Tas, 1943-1944); radio manager (Queenstown, Tas, 1949-1972)

===''EDE''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Ede|Ede, Charles Frederick or Friederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7D-PYL] - 1885(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Wellington Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1908; Albion, Qld, 1912-1921); assistant secretary (Manly, Qld, 1925-1963); retired (Wynnum North, 1968)

===''EDGAR''===

* [[/Douglas Waldene Edgar|Edgar, Douglas Waldene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XS-K4X] - 1895(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6DW New Norcia (1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 314, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gingin, 1922; New Norcia, 1925-1954); retired (Nedlands, 1958-1963)

* [[/John Matheson Edgar|Edgar, John Matheson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB42-K1G] - 1881(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Geelong (1923); 3YW Geelong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Training College, Carlton, 1903); state school teacher (Ballarat, 1909); teacher (Ballarat, 1913-1914; Geelong, 1917-1924; Essendon, 1925-1954)
* [[/Mervyn John Edgar|Edgar, Mervyn John or John Mervyn &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4W-647] - 1913(NSW)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4JE Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1302, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Radio Location Unit); radio retailing (Tracksons) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); salesman (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); shop assistant (Bulimba, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''EDGEBERG''===

* [[/H. Edgeberg|Edgeberg, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CX Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''EDGECOMBE''===

* [[/Gordon Henry Edgecombe|Edgecombe, Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZPN-WDD] - 1914(Sct)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1309, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: radio servicing (Gordon, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''EDGERTON''===

* [[/Arthur Francis James Edgerton|Edgerton, Arthur Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5D-2PT] - 1912(Vic)-2009(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 889, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1936-1937); steel melter (Kew, Vic, 1943); metallurgist (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''EDWARDS''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Edwards|Edwards, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3W-DSB] - 1900(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AC Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1930; Eastwood, 1931; Waverley, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 587, 1920 (Marconi); COCP1 224, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, NSW, 1933); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1936; Haberfield, NSW, 1937); manager (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); production manager (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Frederick Patrick Joseph Edwards|Edwards, Frederick Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSX-5YG] - 1918(WA)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6DN Merredin (1938-1939); 6DN Perth (West Perth, 1947-1965; Ardross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2127, 1938, WA; BOCP 278, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Merredin, WA, 1943); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1943-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1968); clerk (Ardross, WA, 1972-1980)

* [[/George James Edwards|Edwards, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WC-Z8S] - 1912(NSW)-1942(At sea, near Bermuda) - Licences: 2GE Maitland West (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1129, 1933, NSW; COCP2 124, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, 2nd radio operator) - Electoral Rolls: film operator (West Maitland, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/51703.html Uboat.net]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1430549 AWM Commemorative Roll] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/H. E. Edwards|Edwards, H. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Croydon, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert John Edwards|Edwards, Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF5-KP8] - 1894(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 802, 1923; 2COCP 18, 1929; 1COCP 208, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous HJEs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933); radio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1949); communication officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1954)

* [[/James Thomas Edwards|Edwards, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ78-6VC] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2AKE Rye Park (1938-1939, 1946-1957); 2AKE Sutton Forest (1958-1969); 2AKE Moss Vale (1975); 2AKE Bowral (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2147, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Rye Park, NSW, 1932-1949); grazier (Rye Park, NSW, 1958; Sutton Forest, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Moss Vale, NSW, 1977; Bowral, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Francis Edwards|Edwards, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTN-SRX] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1939, 1946-1956); 2AAE Sydney (Rydalmere, 1960-1965; Westmead, 1969; Toongabbie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1178, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Parramatta, NSW, 1933-1954); branch manager (Rydalmere, NSW, 1963); credit sales manager (Westmead, NSW, 1968); manager (Westmead, NSW, 1972); retired (Toongabbie, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Keith Thomas Edwards|Edwards, Keith Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXH-J3C] - 1914(SA)-1942(At Sea, Bay of Biscay) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 929, 1932, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant, Air Gunner, 10 Sqdrn, Coastal Command, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701819 Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/531927 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leonard Wentworth Edwards|Edwards, Leonard Wentworth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5K-KP2] - 1917(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 2AGT Sydney (Pymble, 1939, 1946); 7LE Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2301, 1939, NSW; COCP1 1624, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Nelson, Tas, 1949-1954; Hobart South, Tas, 1958; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Dale Edwards|Edwards, Raymond Dale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-QWC] - 1912(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3ADE Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2355, 1939, Vic; COCP2 689, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1954); engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Samuel Robert Wareham Edwards|Edwards, Samuel Robert Wareham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS3-P1T] - 1896(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (East Preston, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 741, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon (Motor cycle accident) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1921-1922; Albert Park, Vic, 1924); motor mechanic (Middle Park, Vic, 1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934)

* [[/Sydney Gordon Edwards|Edwards, Sydney Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-FJ2] - 1910(Scotland)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3SU Melbourne (Fitzroy North, 1935-1937; Elwood, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954; Canterbury, 1956; Middle Park, 1960; Forest Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1552, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Heidelberg, Vic, 1936-1937); airman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949); RAAF (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); airforce officer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Forest Hill, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''EGAN''===

* [[/Mavis Evelyn Egan|Fogg nee Egan, Mavis Evelyn or Evelene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-1JK] - 1900(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Stanley (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver (YL) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanley, 1928); home duties (Wynyard, 1936-1943; Smithton, 1949; Sale, Vic, 1954; Cohuna, 1963; Devonport, 1972)

* [[/Vincent Thomas Egan|Egan, Vincent Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVW-97N] - 1917(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AJI Tamworth (1937-1938); 2AJI Inverell (1939); 2AJI Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1947; Darlinghurst, 1948); 2AQA Manilla (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2039, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949; Manilla, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''EGGLETON''===

* [[/Eric Percy Eggleton|Eggleton, Eric Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTZ-5G9] - 1903(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DA Receive Toowoomba (1923-1924); 4DA Toowoomba (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 81, 1925, No. 9 in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (QATB) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Toowoomba, 1925-1926); ambulance bearer (Toowoomba, 1931); ambulance superintendent (Dayboro, 1936-1943; Charleville, 1949-1958; Stanthorpe, 1963); retired (Caloundra, 1968-1977)

===''EINSIEDEL''===

* [[/Ernest Louis Einsiedel|Einsiedel, Ernest or Ernst Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Z-TS1] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QE Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1947; Ormond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2278, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1936-1942); skin classer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977)

===''ELDER''===

* [[/James Alexander Mackenzie Elder|Elder, James Alexander Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W3-7FL] - 1869(Sct)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Awards: KBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Essendon, 1905); merchant (Moonee Ponds, 1908-1909); director (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/elder-sir-james-alexander-6099 ADB]

===''ELLERY''===

* [[/Robert Lewis John Ellery|Ellery, Robert Lewis John]] - 1827(Eng)-1908(Vic) - early telephone experimenter, Vic Government Astronomer

===''ELLIOTT''===

* [[/Albert Horace Elliott|Elliott, Albert Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB3-DYF] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XDR Sydney (Drummoyne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: newsagent (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); agent (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931); engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Robert Neville Elliott|Elliott, Robert Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-PPJ] - 1907(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DW Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); company manager (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954-1963); accountant (Brisbane, Qld, 1968); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972); accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Donovan Elliott|Elliott, Ronald Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G799-LTX] - 1910(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5RD Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1931-1933; Da Costa Park, 1937; Kirkcaldy, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 758, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939; Westbourne Park, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Murray Browse Elliott|Elliott, Thomas Murray Browse &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W8-947] - 1899(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4CM Brisbane (City, 1946-1969); operator of Valentine's 4CM licence 1925-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 72, 1925, No. 6 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; early television experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Fortitude Valley, 1921); salesman (Brisbane City, 1925-1931); sound engineer (Observatory, 1937-1943); company manager (City, 1949-1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968)

===''ELLIS''===

* [[/Clive Austin Ellis|Ellis, Clive Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-9HT] - 1912(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3LZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1930-1931; Caulfield, 1933-1939; Newport, 1946-1956; Moorabbin, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 598, 1930, No. ?? in Victoria - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1937; Newport, Vic, 1943-1954); valuer (Moorabbin, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Cyril Charles Henry Ellis|Ellis, Cyril Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCX-F99] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XMV Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1915; Canterbury, Vic, 1919; Burwood, Vic, 1924-1928); telephone mechanic (Ararat, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1977; Burwood, Vic, 1977)

* [[/John Osborne Ellis|Ellis, John Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-Q42] - 1910(Eng)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 522, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kimba, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Anthony Ellis|Ellis, Joseph Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGB7-BJG] - 1921(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2AIL Lismore (1937-1939); 2GL Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1948; Mascot, 1954-1960; Pennant Hills, 1961); 4AGL Nambour (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2040, 1937, NSW; COCP2 446, 1941; COCP1 578, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949); flight radio officer (Randwick East, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick East, NSW, 1958); navigator (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles Ellis|Ellis, Richard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBQ-SST] - 1903(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHR Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1972, 1937, NSW; BOCP 374, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''ELPHINSTONE''===

* [[/Lancelot Armstrong Elphinstone|Elphinstone, Lancelot Armstrong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56T-2FX] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2MK Thirroul (1934-1939); 2MK Cessnock (1946-1950); 2MK Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1954-1961; North Balgowlah, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1337, 1934, NSW; BOCP 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thirroul, NSW, 1936-1937); broadcast technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1958); newsagent (North Balgowlah, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''ELSBURY''===

* [[/Cyril Robert Elsbury|Elsbury (adopted) or Wilson Bowman (biological), Cyril Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMG-5CW] - 1897(Qld)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6JE Kalgoorlie (1934-1939); 6JE Fimiston (1947-1956); 6JE Nornalup (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1372, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1922); mine timekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1925-1943); assistant accountant (Fimiston, WA, 1949-1954); mine paymaster (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1958)

===''ELWORTHY''===

* [[/Colin Gregory Elworthy|Elworthy, Colin Gregory &quot;Col&quot;]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''EMBLING''===

* [[/Stewart Austin Embling|Embling, Stewart Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGH-YQM] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925); 3DC Melbourne (Toorak, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 236, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1943); assurance officer (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''EMENY''===

* [[/Thomas Francis Emeny|Emeny, Thomas Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHVF-QNN] - 1908(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3GQ Camperdown (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1006, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1943); engineer (Carrum, Vic, 1954)

===''EMERY''===

* [[/Leslie William Emery|Emeny, Leslie William &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQK7-QRN] - 1912(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3APE Melbourne (Hampton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1380, 1934, Vic? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Seaford, Vic, 1954); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1963; Brighton East, Vic, 1967-1968; Hampton, Vic, 1972)

===''EMMELHAINZ''===

* [[/Albert Edward Joseph Emmelhainz|Emmelhainz, Albert Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSCR-R96] - 1900(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2SR Sydney (Kensington, 1931-1933); 2SR Lake Illawarra (1935); 2SR Sydney (CBD, 1936-1937; Petersham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1933-1936; Petersham, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Dee Why, NSW, 1949)

===''ENDACOTT''===

* [[/Jack Morris Endacott|Endacott, Jack Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2X7-P38] - 1910(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EB Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1947-1948; West Brunswick, 1954-1960; Fawkner, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1956, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Brunswick West, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954; Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Skenes Creek, Vic, 1972; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1977)

===''ENTWISLE''===

* [[/Thomas James Entwisle|Entwisle, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFD-MNY] - 1884(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XLG Camperdown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908; Weerite, Vic, 1909); farm manager (Weerite, Vic, 1912-1913); secretary (Brighton Beach, Vic, 1914; East St Kilda, Vic 1916); military officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1919); farmer (Tresco, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''ERREY''===

* [[/Robert Owan Errey|Errey, Robert Owan or Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XN-QFZ] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 2PO Canberra (1946-1948); 2TD Camden (1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 265, 1935; AOCP 1843, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1936-1942); radio engineer (Mount Stromlo, ACT, 1949); civil servant (Camden, Vic, 1954-1958; Highton, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Highton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''EVA''===

* [[/Oswald Noel Eva|Eva, Oswald Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFST-HLS] - 1917(Qld)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3BON Shepparton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1927, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); projectionist (Williamstown, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954); theatre proprietor (Dunnolly, Vic, 1958); TV technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''EVANS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Hubert Evans|Evans, Albert Henry Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH8N-BFX] - 1894(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: XVD Adelaide (Mile End, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 255, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Woollahra, 1949)

* [[/Arthur Brodie David Evans|Evans, Arthur Brodie David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ7-PK9] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3VQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1965; Kalorama, 1969; Beaumaris, 1975); 3VQ Cowes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2001, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1967); managing director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1968); director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977); manager (Black Rock, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Griffith Benjamin Evans|Evans, Griffith Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-HL3] - 1877(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS - Electoral Rolls: naval telegraphist (Eden Vale, Vic, 1914-1915); telegraphist (Coburg, Vic, 1919); retired (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Brynmor Evans|Evans, John Brynmor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG2-BHR] - 1918(SA)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2318, 1939, SA; COCP2 450, 1941; COCP1 507, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306765 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703463 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532627 VMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Telynog Evans|Evans, John Telynog]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWM-XLK] - 1911(Wales)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Paxton (1931-1933); 2CX Paxton (1936-1939); 2CX Cessnock (1946); 2CX Nelson's Bay (1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 778, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1937); wireless operator (Toronto, NSW, 1943); fisherman (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Percy Evans|Evans, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84B-DKL] - 1894(Eng)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Kensington, 1928-1929; Randwick, 1930-1931); 3OZ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Boronia, 1948; North Ringwood, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 458, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Kensington, NSW, 1930); salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); manager (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Phillip Edward Evans|Evans, Phillip Edward]] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3VN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1935-1937; Smeaton, 1938-1939); 3VN Yallourn (1947-1965); 3VN Newborough (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1432, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Smeaton, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (YMCA, Clarendon, Vic, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); engineer (Yallourn, Vic, 1949-1967; Newborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/R. Evans|Evans, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Clovelly, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 265, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Evan Evans|Evans, Thomas Evan or Thomas Evian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-S1L] - 1904(NZ)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 3EV Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1927); 9EV Rabaul (1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 160, 1925, Vic; AOCP 2226, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; medical assistant; technical assistant; Civilian POW captured at Rabaul, died on board the &quot;Montevideo Maru&quot; when it was torpedoed and sunk en route from Rabaul to Hainan, where Thomas was destined for forced labour. Electoral Rolls: Not yet identified - Links: [https://montevideomaru.naa.gov.au/pows-internees/index.aspx?id=5349 NAA]; [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-30/world-war-ii-hell-ships-montevideo-rakuyo-maru/102263746 ABC]; [https://m.facebook.com/SilentworldFoundation/photos/a.6024859134229018/6024859087562356/ Facebook]; [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2011mayGS/60a.htm Scotch College]; [https://thelastcoastwatcher.wordpress.com/coastwatching-organization/civilian-casualties/ Last Coast Watcher]; [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17973567 Trove]; [https://montevideo-maru.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/18September10.pdf Montevideo Maru.Org] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Trevor Elliott Evans|Evans, Trevor Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-GRC] - 1903(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Receive Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1922-1924); 3RK Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1925-1933; Pascoe Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 159, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928); electrician (East Brunswick, 1931-1934); contractor (Coburg, Vic, 1936; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Trevor Frederick Evans|Evans, Trevor Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L292-N4L] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2NS Blayney (1925-1929); 2NS Bathurst (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 2ABJ Portable Bathurst (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 113, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 19, 1936; AOCP1 43, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio manager (Bathurst, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Bathurst, NSW, 1943-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2NS - Trevor Frederick Evans&quot;

===''EVERETT''===

* [[/Frederick Arthur Everett|Everett, Frederick Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D4-778] - 1911(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1408, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Dubbo, NSW, 1934-1937); teacher (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Orange, NSW, 1949-1958; Miranda, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''EVERY''===

* [[/George Edward Every|Every, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDSS-VT4] - 1894(Eng)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 7GE Hobart (1931); 3GE Queenscliff (1937-1939); 3GE Balcombe (1947-1948); 3GE Carrum (1954-1956); 3GE Bonbeach (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military instructor; WW1 (UK) - Electoral Rolls: silver mounter (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1919); soldier (Launceston, 1922; Hobart South, 1922); military instructor (Hobart South, 1928); soldier (Queenscliff, Vic, 1935-1937); military officer (Albury, NSW, 1943; Victoria Park, Qld, 1949); clerk (Frankston, 1949); accountant (Carrum, 1954)

===''EWART''===

* [[/Henry George Ewart|Ewart, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1C-CP3] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 887, 1932, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Irymple, Vic, 1928-1937); mechanic (Redcliffs, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''EWING''===

* [[/John Donaldson Ewing|Ewing, John Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8L-5K5] - 1904(???)-after1980(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 2AFI Sydney (North Sydney, 1936-1938; Dee Why, 1939, 1946-1956); 2UL Sydney (Dee Why, 1960; Burwood, 1961; Dee Why, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: CC; AOCP 1659, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Armidale, NSW, 1930); electrician (Camaray, NSW, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1937); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943-1954); electrical contractor (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1963); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas Thomson Ewing|Ewing, Thomas Thomson]] - 1856(NSW)-1920(NSW) - state politician (NSW MLA); federal politician (MHR, acting Postmaster-General)

===''EXTON''===

* [[/George Walter Exton|Exton, George Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QY-5XH] - 1882(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2CZ Lismore (1922-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast proprietor and engineer (2XN Lismore) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Saddlers Crossing, Qld)

=='''F'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''FABER''===

* [[/William John Thomas Faber|Faber, William John Thomas &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4W-7FV] - 1907(Eng)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4WF Ayr (1938-1939); 4WF Brisbane (Kedron, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2186, 1938, Qld; BOCP 144, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager Ayr Radio (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1949-1972)

===''FAGAN''===

* [[/William Reginald Joseph Fagan|Fagan, William Reginald Joseph &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLF3-QPM] - 1883(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Mandurama (1922); 2RJ Mandurama (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio station (director, 2SM) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mandurama, 1913-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;2RJ - William Reginald Joseph Fagan&quot;

===''FAIRHALL''===

* [[/Allen Fairhall|Fairhall, Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZB3-PKT] – 1909(NSW)-2006(NSW) – Licences: 2KB Newcastle (Hamilton, 1928–1929; New Lambton, 1930–1931; Cooks Hill, 1933–1934; City, 1935; Cooks Hill, 1937; City, 1938–1939; Hamilton, 1946–1961; City, 1965-1980+); 2AKL Paterson (1948–1958) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 391, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 23, 1930 – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor 2KO Newcastle; WW2 – Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Lambton, 1931–1932); manager (Newcastle, 1933–1949); primary producer (Trevallyn, 1954); M.H.R. (Newcastle, 1958); member of parliament (Newcastle, 1963–1968); manager (Newcastle, 1972–1980) - Links: [[w:Allen Fairhall|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/fairhall-sir-allen-366 Obituaries Australia]

===''FAIRWEATHER''===

* [[/Jack Cromwell Fairweather|Fairweather, Jack Cromwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-BZZ] - 1918(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2FV Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1938); 5FV Adelaide (St Peters, 1947; Kilkenny, 1948); 2AIF Broken Hill (1954-1955); 4FF Gold Coast (Labrador, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1491, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); builder (Southport, Qld, 1958-1968; Labrador, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''FALCONER''===

* [[/Charles Illman Falconer|Falconer, Charles Illman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZK9-PJ6] – 1885(Vic)-1962(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923–1924); 3CF Melbourne (East Malvern, 1925–1926; Canterbury, 1927; Surrey Hills, 1931–1939, 1946–1954); 2AUF Terrigal (1955–1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 204, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1909); mechanic (Fitzroy, Vic, 1914); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1915–1949); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1958–1963)

===''FALKENBERG''===

* [[/Brian Falkenberg|Falkenberg, Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WCW-6WS] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Byaduk (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1706, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Branxholme, Vic, 1935-1942; Byaduk, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Byaduk, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FALLOWFIELD''===

* [[/Elwyn Herbert Fallowfield|Fallowfield, Elwyn Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYHV-PWL] - 1917(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKI Taree (1938-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2182, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1943); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FALLS''===

* [[/Lyle Clifford Falls|Falls, Lyle Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLC-1VR] - 1899(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Caulfield, 1924-1925); instructor (Kew, 1926-1943)

===''FANKER''===

* [[/Eric Montague Fanker|Fanker, Eric Montague]] - 1907(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Sydney (Bondi, 1928-1929; Woollahra, 1930) as Fanker &amp; Hooker; 2HS Sydney (Woollahra, 1931-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1937; Kingsford, 1938; Kensington, 1939; Bellevue Hill, 1946-1961; Vaucluse, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1077, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Paddington, NSW, 1930-1933; Nithsdale, NSW, 1935; Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963)

===''FANNING''===

* Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred – see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred (Fanning)

===''FANSHAWE''===

* [[/Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Fanshawe, Arthur Dalrymple]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7D-QY6] – 1847(Eng)-1936(Eng) – Admiral of UK Fleet, Commander-in-Chief Australia Station – Links: [[w:Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Wikipedia]]

===''FARMER''===

* [[/Maxwell George Farmer|Farmer, Maxwell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG1-SHR] - 1916(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5GF Adelaide (Knoxville, 1933-1939; North Norwood, 1947-1948; Adelaide City, 1954-1956; Plympton, 1960-1980+); 5GY Portable Adelaide (Knoxville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1217, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Percival Moore Farmer|Farmer, Percival Moore &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-3K5] - 1888(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT12, 1914 - radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Beecroft, NSW, 1930-1943); engineer (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''FARRELL''===

* [[/John Howard Farrell|Farrell, John Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-CJT] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4WJ Brisbane Windsor, 1933-1939; Chermside, 1946-1948); 4WJ Quilpie (1954-1960); 4WJ Somerset Dam (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1103, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Chermside, 1943-1949; Quilpie, 1954-1958); superintendent (Somerset Dam, 1963-1972)

===''FAUL''===

* [[/Albert Harold Faul|Faul, Albert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTD-S74] – 1907(NSW)-1979(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923–1924); 3AH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926–1927) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 288, 1926, Vic – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) – Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1931–1934); lecturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bellevue Hill, Vic, 1936–1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); company director (Killara, NSW, 1949–1977)

===''FAULKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Faulkner|Faulkner, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-M7Z] - 1916(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3EE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1886, 1937, Vic; COCP2 806, 1944; COCP1 833, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1942); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); retailer (Burwood South, Vic, 1963-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FAULKS''===

* [[/Richard Wollas Faulks|Faulks, Richard Wollas &quot;Wol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCD3-BQ3] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2WF Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1931; Hurlstone Park, 1933; Canterbury, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 557, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator;, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Ashfield, NSW, 1930; Canterbury, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''FAULL''===

* [[/Albert Edwin Faull|Faull, Albert Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2TH-TH4] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EF Warracknabeal (1937-1939; 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1918, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''FAWKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Pascoe Robert Fawkner|Fawkner, Ernest Pascoe Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYB-YKW] - 1901(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: manager (Kings Meadows, 1928); furniture manufacturer (South Launceston, 1936)

===''FAYLE''===

* [[/Bernard John Fayle|Fayle, Bernard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SJ-7GF] - 1914(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3IW Melbourne (Burnley, 1936-1939, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1617, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1936-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954-1968; Nunawading, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FEENAGHTY''===

* [[/Leo Michael John Feenaghty|Feenaghty, Leo Michael John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYG2-RMT] - 1900(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4LJ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 291, 1926, No. 28 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator; state public servant - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, 1925-1931); assistant secretary (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); public servant (Highgate Hill, 1963); retired (Isle of Capri, 1972-1980)

===''FEENEY''===

* [[/Percy Gilbert Feeney|Feeney, Percy Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR8-DZG] - 1907(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2AKX Sydney (Mascot, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2187, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''FELDMAN''===

* [[/John Frederick Feldman|Feldman, John Frederick Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNZ-5DH] - 1905(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3QH Receive Geelong (South Geelong, 1923-1924); 3QH Geelong (South Geelong, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 140, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Geelong, Vic, 1928-1937); turner (Richmond, Vic, 1942); bricklayer (Newtown, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''FELL''===

* [[/Evan Frederick Fell|Fell, Evan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH4-FTW] - 1914(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1932-1939); 4EF Barcaldine (1946-1948); 4EF Mackay (1954-1955); 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1956; Bardon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 978, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 175, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (inspector); property developer - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1943); engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Mackay, Qld, 1954); public servant (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977)

===''FELLS''===

* [[/L. C. Fells|Fells, L. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FELTON''===

* [[/William Robert Felton|Felton, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M5-C2J] - 1897(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2RF Sydney (Petersham, 1927-1929; Belmore, 1930-1939, 1946-1956); 2RT? Sydney (Kogarah, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 366, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1914-1919, Desertion) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Belmore, 1930-1934); engineer (Belmore, 1936-1937); soldier (Belmore, 1943); radio technician (Belmore, 1949-1954)

===''FENTON''===

* [[/Arthur Stanley George Fenton|Fenton, Arthur Stanley George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-WK7] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 2VM Sydney (Artarmon, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1663, 1936, NSW; COCP2 214, 1939; COCP1 297, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1968); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FERGUSON''===

* [[/Bernard Malcolm Ferguson|Ferguson, Bernard Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZN-T43] - 1909(Vic)-2006(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3FN Nathalia (1935-1937); 3FN Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939; West Preston, 1947-1969; Glenroy, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1428, 1935, Vic; COCP1 737, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cressy, Vic, 1943); airman (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Glenroy, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Colin Angus Ferguson|Ferguson, Colin Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DH-9KM] - 1917(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5CJ Mt Gambier (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1994, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Cyril E. Ferguson|Ferguson, Cyril E.]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - commercial operator (1COCP 2, 1914, No. 2 in Aus) - coastal station operator?

* [[/Eric Birger Ferguson|Ferguson, Eric Birger or Berger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLW-KFJ] - 1907(NSW)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2BP Hazelbrook (1932-1935); 3BD Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947; East Melbourne, 1948); 3KF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1021, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Kandos, NSW, 1930); clerk (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1933-1937); technician (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/John Ferguson|Ferguson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FJ Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1934; Waverley, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2FJ Saratoga (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 915, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified (common surname &amp; only one given name) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FERRALL''===

* [[/Edgar Walter Cecil Ferrall|Ferrall, Edgar Walter Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMF-G97] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Launceston, 1919-1949); inspector (Kingston Beach, 1954)

===''FERRICKS''===

* [[/Michael Bernard Ferricks|Ferricks, Michael Bernard &quot;Bernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58X-S4X] - 1914(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4UW Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1471, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); chemist (Northgate, Qld, 1949-1977); retired (Cairns, Qld, 1980)

===''FERRIE''===

* [[/Ronald Joseph Ferrie|Ferrie, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-HW3] - 1909(Eng)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2CV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Paddington, 1938-1939; Lane Cove, 1946-1955; North Ryde, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 234, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Edgecliff, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1936; Glenmore, NSW, 1937); sound engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); retailer (Ryde, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FERRIS''===

* [[/Colin Thomas Ferris|Ferris, Colin Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2N-B25] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Ringtail (1960); 4TW Bundaberg (1965); 4TW Gladstone (1975); 4TW Brisbane (Taigum, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2246, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ringtail via Pomona, Qld, 1949-1958); boiler attendant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972); engine driver (Taigum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''FESSENDEN''===

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Fessenden|Fessenden, Reginald Aubrey &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZN4-DHN] - 1866(Canada)-1932(Bermuda) - Licences: Nil yet identified (International) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (International) - pioneer wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Biography/Fessenden-Builder-of-Tomorrow-Fessenden-1940.pdf Biographical Book]

===''FIEDLER''===

* [[/Leslie Victor Fiedler|Fiedler, Leslie Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHNW-3JZ] - 1906(SA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 5SL Adelaide (Woodville, 1927-1933), 5SL Moonta (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 353, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Henley, 1939-1943); theatre manager (Belmont, 1949); film exhibitor (Mt Lawley, 1958); company director (Mt Lawley, 1963-1968)

===''FIELD''===

* [[/Clifford John Field|Field, Clifford John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJL-RC2] - 1912(ACT)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KF Katoomba (1934-1937); 2KF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1410, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound operator (Katoomba, NSW, 1934-1935); operator (Leichhardt, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1972; Five Dock, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henry Lindsay Field|Field, John Henry Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRT7-KM3] - 1918(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AKF Warbreccan Station, Deniliquin (1938-1939, 1946-1980); 2AQF Fallonville Station, Deniliquin (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2163, 1938, NSW; COCP2 476, 1941; COCP1 527, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Warbreccan, NSW, 1943-1949; Fallonville, NSW, 1954-1963; Warbreccan, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ralph William Field|Field, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-Q5T] - 1915(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939; Ormond, 1946-1948); 3LJ Melbourne (Ormond, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 599, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Caulfield, Vic, 1937); machinist (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''FIETZ''===

* [[/Arthur Allan Fietz|Fietz, Arthur Allan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J6-TX1] - 1914(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2QE Albury (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1316, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); garage proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FILES''===

* [[/Jack Crawford Files|Files, Jack Crawford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-JWJ] - 1907(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4JF Brisbane (Buranda, 1932-1935; Coorparoo, 1936-1939; Buranda 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1055, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, QSL manager); journalist (Teleradio, WIA Notes); accountant - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1931-1934; Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943-1963)

===''FILMER''===

* [[/Le Roy Drowley Filmer|Filmer, Le Roy Drowley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNF-2Z7] - 1902(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Newcastle (Toronto, 1925-1930; Hamilton South, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 148, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1930); chemist (Hamilton, NSW, 1935-1937); metallurgist (Toronto, NSW, 1943); chemist (Speer's Point, NSW, 1949-1954); superintendant (Toronto North, NSW, 1963); retired (Toronto North, NSW, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2FT - Le Roy Drowley Filmer&quot;

===''FINCH''===

* [[/Alan Edward Finch|Finch, Alan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M4-987] - 1915(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 7CJ Launceston (Mowbray Heights, 1935-1939); 7CJ Hobart (New Town, 1946-1954); 7CJ Kelso (1955-1956); 3AEO Shepparton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1575, 191935, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (St Leonards, 1936-1937); mechanic (New Town, 1943-1954); public servant (Radio Australia, Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Shepparton, 1972)

===''FINLAYSON''===

* [[/Frank Finlayson|Finlayson, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDT-115] - 1911(???)-2002(NSW)90yo - Licences: 2ADG Sydney (Broadmeadow, 1936-1939); 2FC Wallsend (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1722, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''FINN''===

* [[/Leonard Warren Finn|Finn, Leonard Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2K-4P6] - 1914(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5SP Adelaide (Seaton Park, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1671, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Seaton Park, SA, 1939-1943)

===''FINNEY''===

* [[/William Finney|Finney, William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-W2H] - 1881(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AU Brisbane (Red Hill, 1923-1925); 4WF Brisbane (Red Hill, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 845, 1925; 2COCP 307, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Red Hill, 1903-1905); telegraphist (New Farm, 1908; Newmarket, 1909; Red Hill, 1913-1937; East Nundah, 1949; Wooloowin, 1954)

===''FINNIGAN''===

* [[/Henry Mildura Finnigan|Finnigan, Henry Mildura]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNK-2QT] - 1908(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3PX Mildura (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3PX St Arnaud (1954-1956); 3PW St Arnaud (1960); 3PX St Arnaud (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1618, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1937; Stawell, Vic, 1949); clerk (St Arnaud, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FIRMINGER''===

* [[/Ronald Mortimer Firminger|Firminger, Ronald Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWS-BLK] - 1889(???)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XJAQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3TL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur Receiver; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1919); stationer (East Malvern, Vic, 1924); nil (Sandringham, Vic, 1925); cafe proprietor (Belgrave, Vic, 1928-1936); confectioner (Warburton, Vic, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Albury, NSW, 1949)

===''FISHER''===

* [[/Alan Wilbur Fisher|Fisher, Alan Wilbur or Wilbur Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G21Q-K1W] - 1915(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969; Reservoir, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1644, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968; Reservoir, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Douglas Hugh Fisher|Fisher, Douglas Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD15-N13] - 1913(Vic)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7AB Launceston (1934-1939); 7AB Burnie (1946-1948); 7AB Devonport (1954-1955); 7AB Lenah Valley (1956); 7AB Zeehan (1960); 7AB Oatlands (1965-1969; 7AB Claremont (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1373, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 7ZEE Neville Grant Fisher - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1936); bank clerk (Launceston, 1937; Burnie, 1943-1949; Devonport, 1954)

===''FISK''===

* [[/Ernest Thomas Fisk|Fisk, Ernest Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS5-XLQ] - 1886(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EF Sydney (Lindfield, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualified) - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio operator; broadcast and radiocommunications business proprietor (AWA); operated prior to 1933 under various AWA callsigns; 2MC in 1928 was licensed to his residence at Vaucluse - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); director (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Gordon, NSW, 1934-1943); consultant (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2EF - Ernest Thomas Fisk&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fisk-sir-ernest-thomas-6177 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198906.pdf EA1]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198907.pdf EA2]

===''FITCHETT''===

* [[/John Campbell Fitchett|Fitchett, John Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-K7W] - 1900(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDM Melbourne (Balwyn, 1913-1914); 3BL Melbourne (Balwyn, 1922-1925; Brighton, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 609, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Too young); WW2 (Not applicable) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Brighton, Vic, 1928-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;XJDM-3BL - John Campbell Fitchett&quot;

===''FITTELL''===

*[[/Stephen Luther Fittell|Fittell, Stephen Luther &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCN9-KRT] - 1910(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JO Gympie (1929-1939); 4YF Gympie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 487, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 280, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; member radio club (WIAQ, Gympie ARC); commercial broadcaster (4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Gympie, 1937); radio dealer (Gympie, 1943-1980)

===''FITZALAN''===

* [[/Herbert Albini Lawrence Fitzalan|Fitzalan, Herbert Albini Lawrence &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1951(Qld) - 4HF Brisbane?, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, Halcyon (not mentioned)

===''FITZGERALD''===

* [[/Eric Francis Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84F-Z7H] - 1907(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2EA Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1928-1929; Burwood, 1930-1931; Pagewood, 1931; Abbotsford, 1931; Bellevue Hill, 1933-1937; Waverley, 1938-1939); 2AAO Sydney (Chatswood, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 467, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/Patrick Michael Anthony Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Patrick Michael Anthony &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G33Q-6K9] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PF Rockhampton (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1802, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930); public servant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1968); clerk (Corinda, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Emu Park, Qld, 1980)

===''FITZGIBBONS''===

* [[/Richard John Fitzgibbons|Fitzgibbons, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-QPG] - 1893(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4DV Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fitter (Maryborough, Qld, 1916-1919); engine fitter (Ascot, Qld, 1921-1968)

===''FITZMAURICE''===

* [[/James Simcoe Fitzmaurice|Fitzmaurice, James Simcoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-KCF] - 1861(Vic)-1934(SA) - Licences: XYB Perth (1913-1914); 5FT Adelaide (North Walkerville, 1923-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (State Engineer, WA &amp; SA); MIEE, AMIEE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1914-1916)

===''FITZPATRICK''===

* [[/William Patrick Fitzpatrick|Fitzpatrick, William Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH1P-T1B] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3WF Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 876, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1934-1942); radio engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968); PMG (Nunawading, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FITZSIMMONS''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Fitzsimmons|Fitzsimmons, Raymond Harold or Harold Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTZ-2N9] - 1917(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3FI Horsham (1947-1955); 3FI Shepparton (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1885, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FITZSIMONS''===

* [[/Hilary Blanchard Fitzsimons|Fitzsimons, Hilary Blanchard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-NMN] - 1918(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980+); 3ARZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2118, 1938, Vic; BOCP 332, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1943); technician (Auburn, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FLAHERTY''===

* [[/Gordon Thomas Holm Flaherty|Flaherty, Gordon Thomas Holm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Q2-C9T] - 1900(Vic)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CB Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: postman (South Brisbane, 1922); telephone mechanic (Buranda, 1925; Coorparoo, 1928); mechanic (Camp Hill, 1936; Beaudesert, 1937-1943); technician (Camp Hill, 1949-1963)

===''FLETCHER''===

* [[/Austin Fletcher|Fletcher, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKQ-2QR] - 1891(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 128, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Roebourne, 1913); radio operator (Esperance, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Roebourne, 1917-1918); telegraphist (Oakleigh, 1921)

* [[/R. I. Fletcher|Fletcher, R. I.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIJ Sydney (Woollahra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FLOOD''===

* [[/Arthur George Flood|Flood, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BF-HPG] - 1883(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 238, 1916; 2COCP 415, 1932; 1COCP 348, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIL Flinders Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Emita, Flinders Island, Tas, 1914-1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1925; Meeandah, Qld, 1928; Eagle Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Cooktown, Qld, 1943); retired (Cairns, 1954-1958; Eventide Home, Charters Towers, 1963)

* [[/John Spencer Flood|Flood, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23T-S71] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YS Sydney (Granville, 1937-1938); 2YS Newcastle (Waratah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 227, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balmain, NSW, 1933); constable (Harris Park, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943; Adamstown, NSW, 1949; Police Wireless Station, Waratah, NSW, 1949-1954; Lambton, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Francis Joseph Flood|Flood, Reginald Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-K1D] - 1913(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Penshurst, 1938-1939; Blakehurst, 1946-1961; Bexley, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1609, 1936, NSW; BOCP 439, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2EI Lindsay John Payne West - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1937; Penshurst, NSW, 1937; Blakehurst, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Bexley, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''FOGG''===

* [[/Hugh Lillico Fogg|Fogg, Hugh Lillico]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-KRZ] - 1900(Tas)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6HF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1939); 5HF Mt Barker (1947-1948); 3AHF Benalla (1954-1960); 6HF Perth (Inglewood, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 787, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1931); clerk (Maylands, WA, 1936); bank officer (Maylands, WA, 1943); manager (ANZ Bank, Benalla, Vic, 1954); retired (Inglewood, WA, 1963-1972)

===''FOLDI''===

* [[/John Rollo Foldi|Foldi, John Rollo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB2-FCV] - 1904(Sct)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 4KT Port Moresby, Papua (1933); 9KT Daru, Papua (1947-1948); 9KT Port Moresby, Papua (1954); 9KT Rabaul, New Guinea (1955-1960); 2BKT Sydney (Avalon, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (Civil), 1963 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Avalon, NSW, 1968)

===''FOLEY''===

* [[/Henry James Bartholomew Foley|Foley, Henry James Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QZ-5SV] - 1886(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Sydney (Randwick, 1911) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1913); merchant (Drummoyne, 1930-1954)

* [[/Joseph Patrick James Foley|Foley, Joseph Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYS1-719] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RQ Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1936); 2RQ Port Hacking (1937-1939); 2RQ Sydney (Erskineville, 1947-1950); 2RQ Blakehurst (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 955, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1930; Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1934; Port Hacking, NSW, 1937); electrical contractor (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943; Blakehurst, NSW, 1949-1963); contractor (Blakehurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FOLIE''===

* [[/Max Ulrich Francis Folie|Folie, Max Ulrich Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-Y7F] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3WZ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1933); 3GZ Mildura (1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 682, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Auburn, 1931); radio engineer (Mildura, 1934-1968)

===''FONTAINE''===

* [[/Louis Alfred Fontaine|Fontaine, Louis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-L2V] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XJB Melbourne (Prahran, 1913-1914); 3FQ Melbourne (Armadale, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1914, No. 3 in Aus and Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RANRS; coastal wireless operator (VIG, Port Moresby, 1915-1918); - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Wyndham, 1918; Geraldton, 1922; Thursday Island, 1934-1936); telegraphist (St Kilda, 1937); radio telegraphist (Malvern, 1942); electrician (Camberwell, 1949)

===''FOORD''===

* [[/Raymond Archibald Foord|Foord, Raymond Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K871-416] - 1909(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1819, 1936, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949))

* [[/Thomas Gellibrand Foord|Foord, Thomas Gellibrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBNV-H9G]  - 1890(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: XJEL Melbourne (Gardiner, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1919; Malvern East, Vic, 1921-1949); not stated (Dromana, Vic, 1954)

===''FOOT''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Samuel Foot|Foot, Ernest Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-H6B] - 1915(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3EH Melbourne (Balwyn, 1936-1939; West Brunswick, 1947-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+); 3AFY Melbourne (Rosebud, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1704, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); wool presser (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Boronia, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/George Foot|Foot, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BT-FVF] - 1878(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 36, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (South Yarra, 1915; St Kilda, 1916-1917); RAN (Balaclava, 1919); tobacconist (Sandringham, 1925); manager (Prahran, 1937); clerk (St Kilda, 1942); retired (Dandenong, 1949-1954)

===''FORD''===

* [[/Robert Ford|Ford, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4Y-WZ8] - 1916(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1928, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous RFs - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); agent (Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); valuer (Templestowe Lower, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FORECAST''===

* [[/Arthur Mark Llewllyn Forecast|Forecast, Arthur Mark Llewllyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HPS-H18] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1931; St Kilda, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; The Basin, 1954-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 279, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 141, 1934; BOCP 156, 1938; 1COCP 245, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Malvern, 1925-1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1931-1934); biograph operator (Caulfield East, 1937-1942; Glenhuntley, 1949); projectionist (The Basin, 1963-1972); retired (Ferntree Gully, 1977; Knoxfield, 1980)

===''FOREMAN''===

* [[/Edgar Graham Foreman|Foreman, Edgar Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD95-36X] - 1908(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4GF Ayr (1935-1939); 4GF Townsville (North Ward, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1577, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanton Hill, Qld, 1930); salesman (Ayr, Qld, 1934-1937); procurement specialist (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1954-1968); proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Richard Maynard Foreman|Foreman, Richard Maynard]] - 1915(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1937-1939); 2DKG Sydney (Vaucluse, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1870, 1937, Vic; BOCP 187, 1938; 2COCP 223, 1939; 1COCP 293, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1936-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1943; Cairns, Qld, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FORMAN''===

* [[/William Arthur David Forman|Forman, William Arthur David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPB-439] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 9WF Patrol Vessel Eros, Rabaul (1938); 9WF M. V. Erica, Lae (1947); 2WF Sydney (Manly, 1948; Beacon Hill, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 534, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: navigator (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1935); shipmaster (Manly, NSW, 1943-1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1949-1963; Brookvale, NSW, 1972)

===''FORREST''===

* [[/John Forrest|Forrest, John]] - 1847(WA)-1918(???) - state politician, senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1901, 17 days)

===''FORSHAW''===

* [[/Charles Joseph Forshaw|Forshaw, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-783] - 1895(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJDA Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914); V736 Receive Hamilton (1922); 3GQ Receive Hamilton (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Myrtleford, 1917); clerk (Oakleigh, 1924-1937; Gardiner, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949; Glenhuntly, 1954)

===''FORSTER''===

* [[/John Charles Forster|Forster, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHK-ZTZ] - 1901(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CI Receive Korbel (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Korbel, WA, 1925-1949; Scarborough, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Scarborough, WA, 1977)

* [[/Milton Melrose Forster|Forster, Milton Melrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY9W-2G8] - 1911(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1383, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 237, 1935; COCP2 117, 1937; COCP1 162, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/628398 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701807 AWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=72811 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''FORSYTH''===

* [[/Royce Arthur Forsyth|Forsyth, Royce Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1R-3S5] - 1917(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1637, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Launceston, 1943); teacher (Hobart North, 1944); schoolteacher (Bellerive, 1949-1972)

===''FORSYTHE''===

* [[/Leonard Edgar Forsythe|Forsythe, Leonard Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBY-MTR] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2BF Receive Sydney (Northbridge, 1922); 2BF Sydney (Northbridge, 1922-1929; Drummoyne, 1930-1933; Snapper Island, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 40, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: flagmaker (Northbridge, 1930-1949); department manager (Drummoyne, 1958); ship's chandler (Drummoyne, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BF - Leonard Edgar Forsythe&quot;

===''FORTESCUE''===

* [[/Charles Fortescue|Fortescue, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD8X-GQ7] - 1893(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Toowoomba (1922-1924); 4CF Toowoomba (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Army, CMF, Colonel); WW2; jeweller - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Toowoomba, 1913-1958); nil (Toowoomba, 1963-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;4GE-4CF - Charles Fortescue&quot;

===''FORWOOD''===

* [[/Walter Reginald Brendan Forwood|Forwood, Walter Reginald Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSN-3T8] - 1908(SA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Torrensville, 1923); 2XL Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931); 2BZ Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931; Mosman, 1933-1935) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 965, 1927 (Spark) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972)

===''FOSTER''===

* [[/Ernest John Foster|Foster, Ernest John &quot;Ernie&quot;]] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - 4BY Brisbane, amateur operator (no record of AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), broadcast engineer (4MB, 4BU), military (WW2, RAAF)

* [[/James Foster|Foster, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2Z-27G] - 1915(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5TX Adelaide (North Kensington, 1933-1939); 5LU Adelaide (Dulwich, 1947-1948; Oaklands, 1954-1965; Marion, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1140, 1933, SA; 1COCP 1046, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Frewville, SA, 1943)

* [[/Norman Cecil Foster|Foster, Norman Cecil &quot;Norm&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87W-KYM] - 1896(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XAF Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: solderer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937; Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1954); sheet metal worker (Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Quintin John Foster|Foster, Quintin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3VG-LQD] - 1915(Qld)-1998(Egypt) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2197, 1938, Qld; COCP1 1025, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1511464 AWM OBE 1967] - Electoral Rolls: mailman (Grantham, Qld, 1936-1937); warrant officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Lyneham, ACT, 1963; Macquarie, ACT, 1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10114802 AWM]

===''FOURRO''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Fourro|Fourro, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4D1-YRR] - 1906(NZ)-1978(ACT) - Licences: 2VF Corowa (1930-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 703, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 165, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Narrandera, 1930); telephone mechanic (Corowa, 1931-1935); wireless mechanic (Corowa, 1936); mechanic (Brighton-le-Sands, 1937); foreman mechanic (2CY Canberra, 1943-1954); supervising technician (2BA Bega, 1958-1963); technician (Merimbula, 1968-1972)

===''FOWLES''===

* [[/Gordon Malcolm Fowles|Fowles, Gordon Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H2-RC9] - 1911(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1931); 3AMF Melbourne (Wheeler's Hill, 1948-1960; Avonsleigh, 1965-1969); 3AMF Cowes (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 490, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Albert Park, 1943; Hamilton, 1949); farmer (Avonsleigh, 1968); retired (Cowes, 1972)

===''FOX''===

* [[/Arthur Fox|Fox, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4Y-WZQ] - 1908(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2KP Sydney (Rose Bay, 1931-1939, 1946-1954; Caringbah, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 794, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1954); electrical contractor (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/William George Fox|Fox, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BY-J5Z] - 1886(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 106, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Comment: several contemporaneous WG Fox; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FOXCROFT''===

* [[/Allan Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQS-K5P] - 1921(WA)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 6AF Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939); 3AE Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1859, 1937, WA; 1COCP 506, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Gordon Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-KQK] - 1917(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3UQ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1947; Northcote, 1948-1969); 3BNF Melbourne (Viewbank, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2277, 1939, Vic; COCP2 622, 1942; BOCP 623, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Nephew of 2AKG Norman Howard Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: assurance superintendent (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1968); proprietor (Heidelberg, Vic, 1972; Viewbank, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Howard Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJDK-6FY] - 1896(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 830, 1924; COCP2 203, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Uncle of 3UQ-3BNF Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); clerk (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1937; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''FRAME''===

* [[/Vivian Horace Frame|Frame, Vivian Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ1-4QT] - 1899(Qld)-1959(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Mareeba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman ( Brisbane City, Qld); public works officer (Mareeba, Qld, 1922); architect (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925-1928; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1937; Virginia, Qld, 1949-1954; Norman Park, Qld, 1958)

===''FRANCIS''===

* [[/John William Francis|Francis, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHW-WHZ] - 1907(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Broken Hill (1936-1939); 2OF Parkes (1946-1947); 2OF Doonside (1948-1956); 2OF Euchareena (1957-1961); 2BQH Sydney (Rockside, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1753, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1933-1934); mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); postmaster (Doonside, NSW, 1949-1958); no occupation (Molong, NSW, 1963)

===''FRANK''===

* [[/Kendall Thomas Frank|Frank, Kendall Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-TGZ] - 1904(WA)-1951(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 921, 1926; 2COCP 289, 1930; 1COCP 64, 1935 - ship wireless operator (AWA), coastal wireless operator, amateur operator?, broadcast engineer (4PM) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lakemba, 1943) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/frank-kendall-thomas-10236 ADB]

===''FRANKLIN''===

* [[/John Percival Franklin|Franklin, John Percival]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-1HZ] - 1922(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALP Sydney (North Sydney, 1939; Cammeray, 1946; North Sydney, 1947-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1958); 2ALP Umina (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2263, 1939, NSW; COCP3 3713, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949-1958); engineer (Umina, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''FRANZI''===

* [[/William Ronald Franzi|Franzi, William Ronald &quot;Bill&quot; (formerly Emilio Stefan)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG2-WYP] - 1909(Italy)-1994(SA) - Licences: 4FR Atherton (1938-1939); 5FR Adelaide (Da Costa Park, 1946-1965; Glenelg East, 1969-1975); 5VK American Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2192, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (IREE); military (RAAF); employment (radio technician); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FRASER''===

* [[/Albert Fraser|Fraser, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17H-PZW] - 1899(Sct)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3NG Redcliffs (1947-1948); 3NG Melbourne (Mentone, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2169, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: horticulturist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949); boilermaker (Mentone, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/James Douglas Fraser|Fraser, James Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NS-MQ3] - 1900(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Quirindi (1930-1935) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 637, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quirindi, 1930-1943); engineer (Picton, 1949-1954)

* [[/John Henry Fraser|Fraser, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WY-NZK] - 1915(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2AFJ Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938; North Sydney, 1939; Pymble, 1950; St Ives, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1821, 1936, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 84, 1936; COCP1 132, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (St Ives, NSW, 1977); farmer (Colo Heights, NSW, 1980)

* [[/H. Fraser|Fraser, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 2JC Tamworth (1924-1925), amateur operator (no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Henry George Fraser|Fraser, Henry George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 1001, 1932, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, at least two HGF engineers

* [[/Noel Roderick Fraser|Fraser, Noel Roderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTQ-LCK] - 1933(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (circa 1950) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (West Ryde, NSW, 1958); chemist (Turramurra South, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FRAZER''===

* [[/A. G. Frazer|Frazer, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914); 3PZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Edward Frazer|Frazer, Charles Edward &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6T-55R] - 1880(Vic)-1913(Vic) - politician (Postmaster-General, 1911-1913)

* [[/Charles John Frazer|Frazer, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVJK-8KJ] - 1882(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XIB Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Camperdown, 1903) - Comment: Identification needs to be checked

===''FREE''===

* [[/George Bertram Free|Free, George Bertram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR76-G3R] - 1907(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2IT Sydney (Willoughby, 1936-1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in R.A.N.) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); naval rating (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1943); insurance inspector (Canterbury, NSW, 1949; Belmore, NSW, 1949); taxi cab proprietor (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''FREEMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Freeman|Freeman, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZL-4F7] - 19??(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Burwood, 1929-1939; Ashfield, 1946-1958; Cheltenham, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 544, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: packer (Newtown, 1930-1931; East Sydney, 1933-1935); engineer (Burwood, 1936-1937; Ashfield, 1943-1958; Cheltenham, 1963-1968) - individual not fully identified

* [[/ John Eric Leslie Freeman|Freeman,  John Eric Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHJ-1CM] - 1905(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1576, 1935, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933-1937); mechanic (Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954; Hamilton, NSW, 1958)

* [[/L. Freeman|Freeman, L.]] - 18??-19?? - Licences: XQB Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FREESTONE''===

* [[/Leslie Roy Freestone|Freestone, Leslie Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-NB5] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Ballarat (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Ballarat, 1916-1920); commercial traveller (Ballarat, 1921-1936); traveller (Brighton, 1937-1954); nil (Geelong, 1977-1980)

===''FREMLIN''===

* [[/Kenneth Fremlin|Fremlin, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K69J-CHK] - 1899(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: XACQ Sydney (Newtown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 227, 1937 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1937; Control Station, Goulburn, NSW, 1943-1958); civil servant (Bundanoon, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''FRETTEN''===

* [[/O'Della Paul Fretten|Fretten, O'Della Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-BQH] - 1894(Eng)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 2RU Sydney (Concord, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 460, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930; Strathfield, 1933); foreman (Lane Cove, 1936-1937); public servant (St Kilda, 1943); cafe proprietor (Melbourne, 1949); sales manager (St Kilda, 1963); instructor (Brighton, 1967-1968); retired (Malvern East, 1972; Fitzroy North, 1977)

===''FREW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Samuel Vernon Frew|Frew, Geoffrey Samuel Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-ZC1] - 1909(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3PM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PL Melbourne (Brighton, 1960); 3JK Melbourne (Brighton, 1969); 3PM Melbourne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 402, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 66, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1933); manager (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1943; Brighton, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''FRIAR''===

* [[/Archibald Owen Friar|Friar, Archibald Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4LQ-LGV] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AO Ulmarra (1929-1931); 2AO Grafton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 504, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Ulmarra, 1930-1937); garage proprietor (South Grafton, 1943-1963)

===''FROGLEY''===

* [[/Gerard James Frogley|Frogley, Gerard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7K7-JNM] - 1902(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Richmond, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 240, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (East Melbourne, 1924); battery mechanic (Richmond, 1925-1931)

===''FROMHOLTZ''===

* [[/Cedric Atherton Fromholtz|Fromholtz, Cedric Atherton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM5F-P6W] - 1910(Qld)-1993(Tas) - Licences: 3UY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 843, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1937; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); cashier (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''FRY''===

* [[/Alfred Turner Fry|Fry, Alfred Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRX-2SL] - 1881(NSW)-1928(Vic) - Licences: 7BG Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Ballarat, 1917; Queenstown, Tas, 1919-1922; Sandringham, 1924-1927)

* [[/Reginald Hall Fry|Fry, Reginald Hall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-9WN] - 1891(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2KC Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2KC Sydney (Croydon, 1922-1929; Killara, 1930-1933); 2KC Parkes (1934); 2KC Goulburn (1935-1936); 2KC Wollongong (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 86, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1914-1919, Sapper, 2nd Signal Troop; Australian Flying Corps); apprentice (Railway Workshops) - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Gordon, 1930; Killara, 1933; Goulburn, 1935-1936; Wollongong, 1937; Killara, 1943-1968); engineer (Killara, 1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2KC - Reginald Hall Fry&quot;

===''FRYAR''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Luxton Fryar|Fryar, Charles Frederick Luxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-DX1] - 1909(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2NP Sydney (Gladesville, 1933-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1179, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''FRYER''===

* [[/Keith Norman Fryer|Fryer, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KH-TZ8] - 1906(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 2KF Sydney (Suspension Bridge, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 332, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1934; North Sydney, 1936; Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''FULCHER''===

* [[/J. Fulcher|Fulcher, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, (Halcyon, P. 4)

===''FULLER''===

* [[/Harold Sydney Fuller|Fuller, Harold Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-1WQ] - 1914(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HF Melbourne (Essendon, 1932-1939); 3HF Warrnambool (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 877, 1932, Vic; BOCP 96, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Hugh John Maesmore Fuller|Fuller, Hugh John Maesmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMX-2MS] - 1915(NSW)-2006(Eng) - Licences: 2VK Albury (1935-1939, 1947-1950 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 36, 1935; COCP1 63, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943)

===''FULTON''===

* [[/William Augustus Fulton|Fulton, William Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSC-N4P] - 1910(Vic)-1997(WA) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Canterbury, 1934-1939; Alphington, 1947; North Balwyn, 1948; Canterbury, 1954-1956); 6FX Perth (South Perth, 1960; Como, 1965-1969; Victoria Park, 1975; Menora, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1366, 1934, Vic; TVOCP 170, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); airman (Alphington, Vic, 1942); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); public servant (Como, WA, 1963-1968; Mt Lawley, Vic, 1972; Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980); retired (Menora, WA, 1980)

===''FURNEAUX''===

* [[/Edgar Frank Furneaux|Furneaux, Edgar Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQR-7DN] - 1912(Eng)-1991(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1307, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Waikerie, SA, 1939); mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943)

===''FURZE''===

* [[/John Alan Richard Furze|Furze, John Alan Richard, &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G584-NR6] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HF Sydney (Manly, 1933-1936; Seaforth, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Beecroft, 1948-1950; Killara, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 424, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Seaforth, NSW, 1936-1943); airline pilot (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); pilot (Killara, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''FUSSELL''===

* [[/Robert Maxwell Fussell|Fussell, Robert Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGT7-XVY] - 1910(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2SS Sydney (Naremburn, 1934-1936; Willoughby, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1260, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: packer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931; Naremburn, NSW, 1935); storeman (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); court keeper (Albury, NSW, 1943)

===''FYSH''===

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNP-534] - 1835(Eng)-1919(Tas) - state politician (MLC Tas, 1860s through 1890s; MHA Tas 1870s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1903-1904) - Relationships: grandfather of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YS-4ZR] - 1897(Tas)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7PF Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 128, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Launceston Radio Experimenters' Club, WIA Launceston); WW2 - Relationships: grandson of Philip Oakley Fysh, federal Postmaster-General 1903-1904 - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Launceston, 1922-1954)

=='''G'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''GABBERTAS''===

* [[/Jack Gabbertas|Gabbertas, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF9C-2W7] - 1915(Eng)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Maylands, 1936-1939; Mt Hawthorn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1810, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); mechanic (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1980)

===''GADSDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden|Gadsden, Stanley Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM38-WZ2] - 1887(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3SW Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 26, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil); radio clubs (WIA Vic, Chief of Council, 1926); placed 2nd in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Kew, 1908-1915); manufacturer (Kew, 1917-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3SW - Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden&quot;

===''GALBRAITH''===

* [[/Leslie Colin Campbell Galbraith|Galbraith, Leslie Colin Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLY1-L1H] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ABD Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Edgecliffe, 1939, 1946-1948); 2ABD Bega (1950); 2ABD Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1954-1965; Bayview, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1604, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1933); director (Paddington, NSW, 1949-1963); company director (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''GALL''===

* [[/William Leslie Gall|Gall, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W5C-H3P] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XADA Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1930-1937; Bexley, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''GALLE''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Galle|Galle, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-KXN] - 1912(SA)-2008(SA)96yo - Licences: 5QR Adelaide (Prospect, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Enfield, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 834, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Jabuk, SA, 1939-1941); schoolteacher (Tailem Bend, SA, 1943)

===''GAMBLE''===

* [[/William Ray Gamble|Gamble, William Ray &quot;Ray&quot;]] - 1928(NSW)-2011(NSW) - broadcast engineer (BOCP 961, 1948), station manager, radio network principal [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/vale-ray-gamble Radio Info]

===''GAMMIE''===

* [[/Andrew Victor Gammie|Gammie, Andrew Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKYV-85N] - 1909(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2VR Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 963, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1935; Randwick, NSW, 1937-1949); engineer (Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GAMON''===

* [[/George Arthur Gamon|Gamon, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZL1-2JD] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1925-1926; Middle Park, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 89, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922-1924); University (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); manager (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); engineer (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1972; Labrador, Qld, 1977)

===''GANNON''===

* [[/Gilbert Roscoe Gannon|Gannon, Gilbert Roscoe &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5P-T61] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XCF Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914); 2LD Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1913; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); public servant (Pymble, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''GARDINER''===

* [[/Ian Donald Russell Gardiner|Gardiner, Ian Donald Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZN-QWW] - 1915(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ABY Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1610, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (Manly, NSW, 1943; Helensburgh, NSW, 1954; Ryde, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vincent Gardiner|Gardiner, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2GJ-9QS] - 1893(Eng)-1971(WA?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 248, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - ship wireless operator, instructor Marconi School of Wireless, Sydney - Electoral Rolls: agent (Jolimont, Vic, 1925; Hawthorn, Vic, 1928); company manager (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930); manufacturer (Brisbane CBD, Qld, 1931; New Farm, Qld, 1934; Centennial Park, NSW, 1935; Mosman Park, WA, 1943; Greenmount, WA, 1954-1968) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118863733 Trove Bio]

===''GARDNER''===

* [[/John Kelvin Gardner|Gardner, John Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPDD-8K8] - 1913(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3NA Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947); 3NA Warrnambool (1948-1965); 3NA Melbourne (Middle Park, 1969-1975); 3NA Cannons Creek (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1132, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous JKG - Relationships: Son of 2AN Walter Everson Gardner - Electoral Rolls: student (Ormond College, Carlton South, Vic, 1936); medical practitioner (Royal Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 1937; Warrnambool, Vic, 1949-1967; Albert Park, Vic, 1968-1977); medical officer (Cannons Creek, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Walter Everson Gardner|Gardner, Walter Everson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYN-GGD] - 1873(USA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2AN Receive Broken Hill (1922); 2AN Broken Hill (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of 3NA John Kelvin Gardner - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''GARING''===

* [[/William Henry Garing|Garing, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WV-2YG] - 1910(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 431, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: cadet (Point Cook, 1931-1934); airman (Point Cook, 1937); RAAF officer (Townsville, 1943; Point Cook, Vic, 1958; Williamtown, NSW, 1958); executive director (Turramurra, 1968); director (Turramurra, 1980)

===''GARNER''===

* [[/Alan Raymond Garner|Garner, Alan Raymond]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician! (Frankston, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harold Hugh Garner|Garner, Harold Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G13B-LDW] - 1911(Eng)-2001(NT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2135, 1938, WA; BOCP 256, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1930-1946) - Awards: Member OBE (Civil), for Principal of the Adult Education Centre, Darwin, 1969) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Harvey, WA, 1936); miner (Norseman, WA, 1937); broadcaster (Minding, WA, 1943); examiner of patents (Barton, ACT, 1949; Ainslie, ACT, 1954); education (Darwin, 1963-1972); retired (Darwin, NT, 1977)

* [[/Walter Brendon Garner|Garner, Walter Brendon or Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-1PQ] - 1896(WA)-1986(WA) - Licences: XYV Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Nedlands, WA, 1931-1937); soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943; research officer (West Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1972; West Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

===''GARNETT''===

* [[/Brian Garnett|Garnett, Brian]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4AHN Currimundi, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld),

===''GARRAN''===

* [[/Richard Randolph Garran|Garran, Richard Randolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K822-L54] - 1903(Vic)-1991(ACT) - Licences: 3AW Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1924-1925); manager (Semaphore, SA, 1941; Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GARRETT''===

* [[/Horace Benjamin Walter Garrett|Garrett, Horace Benjamin Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-9SV] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (Box Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Box Hill, 1928-1934); radio mechanic (Box Hill, 1936); salesman (Box Hill, 1943-1977)

===''GARTH''===

* [[/Reginald Garth|Garth, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DX-47Z] - 1903(Eng)-1959(Tas) - Licences: 2VZ Sydney (Coogee, 1930; Clovelly, 1931-1933; Bankstown, 1934-1936); 4VZ Mackay (1937-1939); 3SF Melbourne (Preston, 1948; Seaford, 1954); 7RG Trevallyn, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 584, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933); mechanic (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1936); electrician (Slade Point, Qld, 1937-1943; Beaconsfield, Tas, 1958)

===''GATFIELD''===

* [[/Henry Alfred Gatfield|Gatfield, Henry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSD-7Q6] - 1887(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: XJEG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor expert (Geelong, Vic, 1909); automobile expert (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1919)

===''GAY''===

* [[/Augustus Holman Gay|Gay, Augustus Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PF-938] - 1902(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SM Warragul (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Warragul, 1927-1934); engineer (South Yarra, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Kew, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vivian James Gay|Gay, Vivian James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYT8-VJJ] - 1908(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 2VI Sydney (Chatswood, 1935-1939; North Sydney, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965); 2VI Burradoo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1510, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943); master printer (Lane Cove, 1949-1968); printer (Artarmon, 1972); retired (Burradoo, 1977-1980)

===''GAYLARD''===

* [[/George Samuel Arthur Gaylard|Gaylard, George Samuel Arthur or Arthur George Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQN-VRX] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: draper (Canterbury, Vic, 1922); merchant (Shepparton, Vic, 1925-1968)

===''GEAKE''===

* [[/Wilfred Vivian Geake|Geake, Wilfred Vivian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTF-H1J] - 1893(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5BR Receive Kooringa (1922); 5BR Receive (Murray Bridge, 1923); Receive Murray Bridge (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hillside, SA, 1939)

===''GEARY''===

* [[/Kermit Erwin Geary|Geary, Kermit Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMN-89Z] - 1917(USA)-2010(USA)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - listener (1930s to 2000s; MW, SW, FM, Utility) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (1000s) was donated to NRC by KEG, thence to AMP and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/mcall/name/kermit-geary-obituary?id=13033505 Obit &amp; Comments]; [https://nationalradioclub.org/QSLs/Geary/index.html NRC QSLs]

===''GEDDES''===

* [[/Frank Albert Geddes|Geddes, Frank Albert]] - 1901(NSW)-1922(NSW) - 2GC Sydney (Waverley, 1922, receive only), amateur operator (pre AOCP, no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), radio clubs (Waverley Radio Club), due to age licence held in name of father Francis G Geddes

===''GEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Harrie Gee|Gee, Kenneth Harrie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1W-42N] - 1919(Vic)-2014(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3IA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Blackburn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2152, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); draftsman (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Frederick Gee|Gee, Richard Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHPH-D8K] - 1911(Tas)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7RF Hobart (New Town, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2439, 1940, Tas - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, NCO or other, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical salesman (New Town, Tas, 1936-1972)

===''GEEVES''===

* [[/Philip Leslie Geeves|Geeves, Philip Leslie &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88C-Y8Y] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - radio broadcaster (VK2ME, 2CH, ABC); employment (AWA, 1937-1970s); journalist (SMH); historian (AWA, broadcasting); awards (OAM, 1980) - Electoral Rolls: radio executive (Bexley, 1949-1963); executive (Hurstville South, 1972-1980)

===''GEISEL''===

* [[/Elizabeth Aileen Geisel|Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK7-NJ4] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5YL Murray Bridge (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1788, 1936, SA; 2COCP 448, 1941; 1COCP 544, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''GELDARD''===

* [[/Horace Rendalls Geldard|Geldard, Horace Rendalls]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSP-ZB8] - 1901(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6GD Perth (Victoria Park, 1939, 1947-1948; Queens Park, 1954; Bayswater, 1955, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2327, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Spencers Brook, WA, 1925); linesman (East Perth, WA, 1925); fireman (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1949); turbine driver (Canning, WA, 1954; Bayswater, WA, 1958-1968)

===''GEORGE''===

* [[/Carl William George|George, Carl William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZJ-WMF] - 1878(???)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2UG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 853, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Heinrich Alfred August George|George, Heinrich Alfred August &quot;Henry&quot;, &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G387-XZ4] - 1899(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, 1919-1963)

* [[/Vernon Harold George|George, Vernon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN41-TZL] - 1897(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1931-1939, 1947-1960; Mt Martha, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 265, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Coburg, 1921-1928); clerk (Heidelberg, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''GEORGESON''===

* [[/James Georgeson|Georgeson, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS1-17Q] - 1897(Eng)-1976(Taiwan) - Licences: 5JD Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1938); 2AKU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1939; Granville, 1946-1947; Artarmon, 1948-1954; Lane Cove (1955); Artarmon (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1783, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1943); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1972)

===''GERAGHTY''===

*[[/James Anselm Geraghty|Geraghty, James Anselm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVD-VY9] - 1877(???)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CS Receive Townsville (1923); 4CS Townsville (1923-1924); 4CS Brisbane (Nudgee, 1924); 4CS Gympie (1924); 4CS Townsville (1925); 4CS Gympie (1925-1927); 2JG Wagga Wagga (1929); 7CB Launceston (1931); 4CB Brisbane (Nudgee, 1933); 4AC Bundaberg (1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 186, 1925, No. 17 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion and teacher (Christian Brothers) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ballarat, 1906; Gympie, 1909-1913; Dunedin, 1914-1916; South Brisbane, 1919-1925; Tamworth, 1930; Bundaberg, 1934; Ipswich, 1943; Albion, 1949; Gympie, 1954); retired (Boondall, 1958-1968)

===''GERARD''===

* [[/John Walter Gerard|Gerard, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYH3-PS2] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADN Coffs Harbour (1936-1939, 1946-1969); 2ADN Bonville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1755, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1954); theatre manager (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bonville, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GIBBENS''===

* [[/Arthur James Gibbens|Gibbens, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZB-CJS] - 1915(SA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2BT Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1934; Randwick, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1144, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 266, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Clovelly, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrical engineer (Watson, ACT, 1963-1977)

===''GIBBINGS''===

* [[/William Edgar Gibbings|Gibbings, William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W1-P9B] - 1913(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NH Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1937); 3NH Melbourne (Essendon, 1938); 2XN Sydney (Castle Hill, 1947-1955; Marrickville, 1956; Strathfield, 1957-1969; Homebush, 1980); 4WO Brisbane (Kedron, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1190, 1933, NSW; COCP1 113, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, Signals Division, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); company executive (Strathfield, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GIBBON''===

* [[/Thomas Foster Gibbon|Gibbon, Thomas Foster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G857-MWS] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJAV Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Kew, 1923); 3XZ Melbourne (Kew, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: student (Kew, 1919-1925); electrical engineer (Kew, 1928-1954); engineer (Kew, 1963)

===''GIBBONS''===

* [[/Eric Thomas Gibbons|Gibbons, Eric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWDC-S3M] - 1911(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3AGB Warracknabeal (1947-1948); 3AGB Swan Hill (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2209, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Oyen, Vic, 1935); manager (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949); theatre manager (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Frederick Gibbons|Gibbons, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XB-YRJ] - 1907(Wales)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 255, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Neutral Bay, 1930); clerk (Gordon, 1954-1968); director (Turramurra, 1972-1977)

===''GIBSON''===

* [[/E. G. Gibson|Gibson, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Ormiston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

*[[/Edgar McLean Gibson|Gibson, Edgar McLean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-SM5] - 1877(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1925), possibly held on behalf of son Leighton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs - Relationships: father of 4AN William Leighton Gibson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Toowoomba, 1908-1917; Greenslopes, 1922); engineer (Manly, 1936-1937; Hawthorne, 1943-1968)

*[[/George Holland Gibson|Gibson, George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MXPG-HB4] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: XQG Brisbane (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Fortitude Valley, 1915-1917); mechanic (Newmarket, 1919-1928; New Farm, 1937-1943); telephone technician (Bulimba, 1954-1977)

* [[/Percy Reginald Gibson|Gibson, Percy or Percival Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-GJ7] - 1914(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1936-1939; Yarraville, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1666, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); accountant (Kingsville, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/Richard Leslie Gibson|Gibson, Richard Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QNS-G8V] - 1900(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2GH Alstonville (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 578, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Alstonville, 1930-1949); retired (Alstonville, 1963-1968; Ballina, 1972)

* [[/William Gerrand Gibson|Gibson, William Gerrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJY-5G9] - 1869(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, Federal Postmaster-General 1923-1929- TroveTag: &quot;William Gerrand Gibson&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gibson-william-gerrand-6313 ADB]

*[[/William Leighton Gibson|Gibson, William Leighton &quot;Leighton&quot; &amp; &quot;Gibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-Q7S] - 1907(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: AOCP 73, 1925, No. 7 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN &quot;Bananalander&quot;); wireless business employee (Phillips Radio) - Relationships: son of 4AN Edgar McLean Gibson - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Manly, Qld, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1943); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949); business executive (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); regional representative (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GIDDINGS''===

* [[/Albert Hudson Giddings|Giddings or Whitney, Albert Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR4-PDP] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 5FI Adelaide (Nailsworth, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1556, 1935, SA; 1COCP 102, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: PMG employee (Sale, Vic, 1968); technician (Elwood, Vic, 1972); clerk (Hughs, ACT, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/612780 VWMA]

* [[/Albert William James Giddings|Giddings, Albert William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9711-NG3] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DG Stratford (1935-1939); 3DG Numurkah (1947-1948); 3DG Lancefield (1954-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1574, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster;; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Culgoa, Vic, 1931); bank clerk (Pakenham East, Vic, 1934); bank officer (Stratford, Vic, 1936-1937); warrant officer RAAF (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); bank official (Numurkah, Vic, 1949)

===''GILCHRIST''===

* [[/V. H. Gilchrist|Gilchrist, V. H. &quot;Gil&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9VG Slate Creek via Wau, New Guinea - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILDER''===

* [[/Donald George Gilder|Gilder, Donald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5F8-D2F] - 1915(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 2NV Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1939, 1948-1950); 3AHG Melbourne (Burwood, 1954-1965; Box Hill South, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2358, 1939, NSW; BOCP 455, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising representative (Coburg, Vic, 1937); salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); executive (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); manager (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILFILLAN''===

* [[/William Charles Kent Gilfillan|Gilfillan, William Charles Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-93Q] - 1869(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AM Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Manly, 1913); soldier (Manly, 1930-1935); no occupation (Redfern, 1937); manufacturer (Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''GILHOOLEY''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Forrest Gilhooley|Gilhooley, Joseph Aloysius Forrest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-L6N] - 1877(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, 1903; Hunters Hill, 1930-1935); traveller (Hunters Hill, 1937-1949)

===''GILL''===

* [[/Alan Stewart Gill|Gill, Alan Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH6B-JQ4] - 1907(NSW)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 7AS Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 191, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist &amp; engineer (Electrolytic Zinc Co) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Hobart Central, 1928; Sandy Bay, 1936-1949); chemist (Hobart South, 1954)

* [[/Alfred Wyatt McKenzie Gill|Gill, Alfred Wyatt McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBP-B8D] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Receive Sydney (Killara, 1923); 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Killara, 1933-1937; Wahroonga, 1949); soldier (Wahroonga, 1943); airline officer (Wahroonga, 1954-1958)

===''GILLANDERS''===

* [[/Bruce Charles Gillanders|Gillanders, Bruce Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-QZH] - 1915(NSW)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2XS Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1391, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, 1942-1955) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1936); A.M.F. (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1968); project officer (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILLETT''===

* [[/Clarence Rex Gregory Gillett|Gillett, Clarence Rex Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWJC-ZDW] - 1919(SA?)-2020(SA) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (All Wave All World DX Club, Australian DX Radio Club (SA Branch), South Australian DX Radio Club, Australian Radio DX Club, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia, New Zealand Radio DX League) - substantial portion (100+) of QSL collection survives (SSD, NFSA)

===''GILLHAM''===

* [[/Norman William Gillham|Gillham, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTT-M8V] - 1906(Tas)-1994(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923-1924); 7NW Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 176, 1925, Tas; CPRT 944, 1927 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sandy Bay, 1928); joiner (Queensborough, 1936-1937); builder (Nelson, 1943-1954)

* [[/Charles Alfred Gillham|Gillham, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJP-4NB] - 1888(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2427, 1940, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILLON''===

* [[/Peter Clifford Gillon|Gillon, Peter Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7M-X53] - 1895(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 99, 1915 - Coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Bondi, 1934); radio telegraphist (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1936; Cooktown, Qld, 1937; Townsville, 1943); telegraphist (Kensington, NSW, 1949-1954; Cremorne, 1958); radio operator (Cremorne, 1963-1968)

===''GILMOUR''===

* [[/Norman Stanley Gilmour|Gilmour, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-PVG] - 1890(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2ZU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1930; Potts Point, 1931; City, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 28, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: director (Neutral Bay, 1930); business manager (Darlinghurst, 1931); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1937; Mosman, 1943-1958)

===''GINBEY''===

* [[/Ian Haldane Ginbey|Ginbey, Ian Haldane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-73N] - 1913(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6IG Perth (Fremantle, 1938-1939; Bicton, 1947-1948; Attadale, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2084, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1936; Fremantle, WA, 1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943); salesman (Melville, WA, 1958)

===''GINGER''===

* [[/Ubitt Victor Ginger|Ginger, Ubitt Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5P-G76] - 1891(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923); 2LF Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1924; North Sydney, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; police officer - callsign 2LF to L. R. Filmer, Toronto from Sep 1925, Bracken from 1933 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Chatswood, 1930-1933); police constable (Marrickville, 1934); constable (Naremburn, 1936-1937)

===''GINN''===

* [[/Ernest George Ginn|Ginn, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZC-95C] - 1917(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Townsville (1936-1939; 1946-1948); 4GE Brisbane (Hendra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1749, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ), military (WW2, RAAF, AIF); employment (life insurance agent) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Townsville, Qld, 1943); shop assistant (Windsor, Qld, 1949); salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''GIVENS''===

* [[/L. James M. Givens|Givens, L. James M. &quot;James&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LX-7WR] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1923); 3EP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1924-1927); 3XY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 849, 1925; AOLCP 121, 1933 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Canterbury, 1931-1937; Camberwell, 1943); photographer (Delbridge, 1954)

===''GLASSCOCK''===

* [[/Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock|Glasscock, Albert Linster Kirkland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4B-2CF] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ZI Sydney (West Ryde, 1931-1933; Lane Cove, 1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2ZI Culburra (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 724, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 349, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2LC Norman Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Petersham, NSW, 1930; Meadowbank, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933); constable (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1958); no occupation (Culburra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Norman Glasscock|Glasscock, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1H-J4R] - 1904(NZ)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1938; Darlinghurst, 1939; Randwick, 1946-1948; Chatswood, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 8, 1934; COCP1 39, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2ZI Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: builder (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1935); constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''GLASSOP''===

* [[/Bruce Leslie Glassop|Glassop, Bruce Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-DMF] - 1914(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2BG Sydney (Epping, 1934-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1958; Ermington, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1293, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Dundas, NSW, 1954-1963)

*[[/Ronald John Glassop|Glassop, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBZX-P8N] - 1910(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 2RF Newcastle (City, 1934-1935; Blackhalls, 1936; Hamilton East, 1937); 4BG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 4BG Maryborough (1947-1969); 4BG North Tamborine (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1288, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; insurance assessor - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Newcastle, NSW, 1932-1935); clerk (Hamilton, NSW, 1937); insurance inspector (Clayfield, Qld, 1937); insurance secretary (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1972; Mt Tamborine, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''GLEESON''===

* [[/John Lacey Gleeson|Gleeson, John Lacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-TQ7] - 1910(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1936-1939; Coburg, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1780, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1934-1936; Carlton, Vic, 1937-1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968)

===''GLENIE''===

* [[/Eliot Albert Glenie|Glenie, Eliot Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-FYW] - 1915(SA)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; Moorabbin, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2214, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); toolmaker (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GLEW''===

* [[/Leslie George Glew|Glew, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDCH-HWX] - 1893(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LG Melbourne (Newport, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 222, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 65, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925); WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Comment: Another contemporaneous LGG - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newport, Vic, 1924-1967)

===''GLOVER''===

* [[/Alexander Frederick Glover|Glover, Alexander Frederick or Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-XZ6] - 1925(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3AFG Sale (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2705, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Sale, 1949); mechanic (Sale, 1954-1980)

* [[/Arthur James George Glover|Glover, Arthur James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2MT8-CZ8] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1928-1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3AG Warrnambool (1937-1939); 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1946-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 392, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 1129, 1928; 2COCP 153, 1930; 1COCP 29, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Box Hill, 1931); engineer (Box Hill, 1936); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1937); engineer (Canterbury, 1943; Box Hill, 1949-1954); automation engineer (Camberwell, 1963-1968); engineer (Camberwell, 1972-1977)

* [[/Maurice Glover|Glover, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-25R] - 1912(Vic)-2003(Tas) - Licences: 7MG Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 7MG Swansea (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2129, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nelson, 1943); no occupation (Swansea, 1949; Nelson, 1954)

* [[/Maxwell Arthur Glover|Glover, Maxwell Arthur &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-58X] - 1902(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3GB Receive Melbourne (Auburn, 1922); 3GB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: No record of AOCP; 3COCP 671, 1948 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Camberwell, 1924-1934); wool buyer (Toorak, 1935-1936; South Yarra, 1937); director (Malvern, 1949-1980)

===''GLUSKIE''===

* [[/C. R. Gluskie|Gluskie, C. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GODDARD''===

* [[/Harry George Goddard|Goddard, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXV4-1Q1] - 1904(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2GN Sydney (North Sydney, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3998, 1962, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); buyer (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1963) - Callsign: Possible withdrawal of callsign for 2GN Goulburn commercial

* [[/John Endacott Goddard|Goddard, John Endacott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBM-L27] - 1914(WA)-1943(Crete) - Licences: 6JG Perth (North Perth, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1427, 1935, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Fremantle, 1936) - Links:  [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/goddard-john-endacott-406692/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://anzac.site/greece/crete-operation-thesis-goddard/ Operation Thesis]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703409 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neville Mitford Goddard|Goddard, Neville Mitford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHRS-MNR] - 1898(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - journalist; patent attorney - Electoral Rolls:

===''GODDEN''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Godden|Godden, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HB-RFD] - 1906(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3TI Mildura (1937-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1915, 1937, Vic; BOCP 1273, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1942); radio mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''GODWIN''===

* [[/Sydney Borrett Godwin|Godwin, Sydney Borrett or Borritt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5Y-RM3] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XGP Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sergeant, 1st Aus Naval &amp; Military Ex Force, E Company, 1914-1915) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); warrant officer (Maitland East, NSW, 1932-1933); military instructor (Tamworth, NSW, 1934-1936)

===''GOEBY''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Goeby|Goeby, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ3-3Q1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3GV Melbourne (Glenroy, 1935-1939; North Melbourne, 1947-1948; Doncaster, 1954-1975); 4AAG Caloundra (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1458, 1935, Vic; COCP2 1290, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: presser (Glenroy, Vic, 1937-1942); mechanic (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); traffic assistant (Doncaster, Vic, 1954-1967); clerk (Doncaster, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1980)

===''GOFORD''===

* [[/Thomas William Goford|Goford, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZH-W3H] - 1898(Eng)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4MI Mount Isa (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1675, 1936, Qld; BOCP 387, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mt Isa, Qld, 1937); broadcasting technician (Goonellabah, NSW, 1943); DCA technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1954-1963)

===''GOLD''===

* [[/Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold|Gold, Clifford Henry Yarburgh or Yarborough &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19B-YYC] - 1906(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Brisbane (Hill End, 1926-1931); 4CG Toowoomba (1933-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 262, 1926, No. 21 in Qld; AOLCP 186, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (West End, 1928-1931); radio operator (Toowoomba, 1934); projectionist (Toowoomba, 1936-1963); radio technician (Balmoral, 1968-1977) - Relationships: nephew of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; also Doug &amp; Geoff

* [[/Douglas Edward Gold|Gold, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RL-XQB] - 1917(NSW)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 254, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Toowoomba, 1943-1949); assistant manager (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

* [[/Edward Edwin Gold|Gold, Edward Edwin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13Q-WZV] - 1894(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Toowoomba (1924-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: AOCP 7, 1924, No. 1 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; awarded Class B licence for 4GR Toowoomba; commercial broadcast station proprietor (4GR); Relationships: father of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; uncle of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, 1925-1958)

* [[/Geoffrey Kilvington Gold|Gold, Geoffrey Kilvington]] - 1943(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 2210, 1963; AOLCP 1608, 1964 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Douglas Edward Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcaster (Annerley, 1968)

===''GOLDBERG''===

* [[/Raymond Gershon Goldberg|Goldberg, Raymond Gershon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1NS-KNQ] - 1919(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2431, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For fighter &amp; bomber sorties in the western desert with 450 squadron RAAF, 1944 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOLDEN''===

* [[/Patrick John Golden|Golden, Patrick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFG-R49] - 1893(Ire)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4PG Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK) - ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Wynnum Heights, 1928-1931); radio dealer (Clayfield, 1936-1937); radio operator (Flying boat base, Karumba, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GOLDIE''===

* [[/Alexander Thomas Goldie|Goldie, Alexander Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-49P] - 1915(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TG Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1934-1938); 2TG Wellington (1939); 2TG Orange (1946-1948); 2TG Casino (1950); 2TG Bellingen (1954-1958); 2TG Sydney (Bardwell Park, 1960-1969; Lugarno, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1338, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Maryvale, NSW, 1936-1937; Orange, NSW, 1943; Mummulgum, NSW, 1949; Bellingen, NSW, 1954-1958); school teacher (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1963-1968); school principal (Lugarno, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GOLDSMITH''===

* [[/Frank Herbert Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Frank Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93SX-QL8] - 1895(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6FG Perth (Nedlands Park, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 377, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio journalist - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Perth, 1917); journalist (Bunbury, 1921-1922; Nedlands, 1925-1949; Roleystone, 1954-1958); retired (Rossmoyne, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gordon William Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWR-BKR] - 1914(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5HM Cowandilla (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1629, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GOLDSWORTHY''===

* [[/William John Goldsworthy|Goldsworthy, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4D7-C24] - 1910(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (Valley, 1934-1939); 4WA Rockhampton (1947-1948)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1341, 1934, Qld; 2COCP 1112, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Valley, Qld, 1934-1943); aeradio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

===''GOLLEY''===

* [[/Jasper Claude Golley|Golley, Jasper Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-S1F] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1937; Glengowrie, 1938-1939; Seacliff, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1522, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Glengowrie, SA, 1939-1941; Seacliff, SA, 1943)

===''GOOD''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Good|Good, Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS7-P78] - 1864(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Glenrowan (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Taminick, 1903); traveller (Taminick, 1909-1930)

===''GOODE''===

* [[/Arthur Russell Goode|Goode, Arthur Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHW-MYY] - 1889(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XLK Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD (telegraphist, Central Office, Melbourne, 1903-1921); Listener-In (journalist; editor); author several books - Relationships: grandfather of 3BDL Michael Goode - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Brunswick, Vic, 1912; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1915-1927); journalist (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937; Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1967)

* [[/Michael Goode|Goode, Michael]] - Licences: 3ZYY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1969+); 3BDL Melbourne - Qualifications: Not for publication - amateur operator; historian (amateur radio, 5 metres, QSL cards) - Relationships: Grandson of XLK Arthur Russell Goode - Electoral Rolls: Not for publication

* [[/William Alban Donald Goode|Goode, William Alban Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82P-7VB] - 1902(NSW)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 713, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOODWIN''===

* [[/Ernest Frederick William Goodwin|Goodwin, Ernest Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDJP-XMY] - 1893(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XNE Melbourne (Essendon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: driller (Essendon, Vic, 1914-1917); iron dealer (Abbotsford, Vic, 1922-1954)

===''GORDON''===

* [[/Donald Robert Gordon|Gordon, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-T6W] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2428, 1940, Vic; BOCP 690, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Melbourne West, Vic, 1934-1937; Melbourne, Vic, 1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''GORMAN''===

* [[/Clarence Arthur Gorman|Gorman, Clarence Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLZ-X8H] - 1895(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XCG Sydney (Oatley, 1913-1914); 2EC Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922); 2EC Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923-1925); 2CG Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1929); designated operator 2UI Illawarra Radio Club (Kogarah, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 222, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: NSW winner 1923 Trans-Pacific Tests - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Rockdale, 1930-1931; Kogarah, 1932-1943; Hargrave Park, 1949; Villawood, 1954-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCG-2EC-2CG - Clarence Arthur Gorman&quot;

===''GOSNELL''===

* [[/Ronald Mervyn Gosnell|Gosnell, Ronald Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6J1-RJR] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2PG Sydney (Haberfield, 1933-1937; North Bondi, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1114, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engraver (Haberfield, NSW, 1933-1937; Bondi, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''GOSTELOW''===

* [[/Alfred Victor Gostelow|Gostelow, Alfred Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVQ-PCX] - 1897(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Uralla, 1930-1936; Scone, 1937-1949; Terrigal, 1954-1968); retired (Terrigal, 1972)

===''GOTTING''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Benjamin Gotting|Gotting, Herbert Edward Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLY-HLD] - 1889(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N760 Receive Braemar (1922); 2ID Receive Braemar (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Braemar, 1930); electrician (Mittagong, 1936-1937); engineer (Mittagong, 1949-1963)

===''GOUGH''===

* [[/Leslie Albert Gough|Gough, Leslie Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-W3K] - 1919(Wales)-1982(Italy) - Licences: 3ZH Melbourne (Templestowe, 1947-1948; Warrandyte, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2156, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Templestowe, Vic, 1949); sales (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Neil Anthony James Gough|Gough, Neil Anthony James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G318-9NB] - 1908(NZ)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2NG Sydney (North Manly, 1932-1939; Queenscliffe, 1946; Gladesville, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 916, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1958); newspaper representative (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963; Elanora, NSW, 1968); representative (Elanora, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GOVAN''===

* [[/Walter Neville Govan|Govan, Walter Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XF-YDT] - 1905(Vic)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5WG Port Pirie (1934-1939); 5WG Crystal Brook (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1273, 1934, SA; BOCP 40, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lead burner (Port Pirie, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1943)

===''GOVER''===

* [[/Selwyn Harry James Gover|Gover, Selwyn Harry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-D2L] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Nundah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 789, 1923; 2COCP 43, 1929; 1COCP 249, 1939 - amateur receiver; ship wireless officer - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Annerley, Qld, 1925); marine radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''GOW''===

* [[/Gelston Stewart Gow|Gow, Gelston Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HP-61D] - 1895(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XBW Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2GG Sydney (City, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 411, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1943); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''GOWERS''===

* [[/Frederick William Deasey Gowers|Gowers, Frederick William Deasey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMM-J5C] - 1892(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XJI Seymour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 154, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (junior wireless officer Warialda); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1916); postal assistant (Alexandra, Vic, 1919-1921; Yarrawonga, Vic, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Sandringham, Vic, 1926-1937); postmaster (Mt Macedon, Vic, 1942-1949; Hampton, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GOWLETT''===

* [[/Frank Nelson James Gowlett|Gowlett, Frank Nelson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G619-PYV] - 1891(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 163, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Townsville, 1925); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1930-1931); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1934-1937; Cooktown, 1943-1949; Maroubra, 1949); radio officer (Maroubra, 1958-1963)

===''GOYDER''===

* [[/Cecil William Goyder|Goyder, Cecil William]] - about 1906(Eng)-1980(NJ, USA) - G2SZ England, amateur operator [http://www.clement-jones.com/ps03/ps03_313.html]

===''GOYEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael James Goyen|Goyen, Francis Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRT-VTQ] - 1905(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2UX Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939; Newtown, 1946; Waverley, 1947-1955; Randwick, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 731, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Epping, NSW, 1933-1937); soldier (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); secretary (Waverley, NSW, 1954); accountant (Bieler Park, NSW, 1958)

===''GRAF''===

* [[/Raymond George Graf|Graf, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYM3-JPC] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1934-1939; Newport, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1241, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1942); clerk (Newport, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Wye River, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''GRAHAM''===

* [[/Donald Ernest Graham|Graham, Donald Ernest &quot;Don&quot;]] - 1933(WA)-2012(WA) - 6HK Perth (Mount Hawthorn, 1954-1956; Wembley Downs, 1960-1980+) - amateur operator (AOCP 3162, 1951, No. ?? in WA) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC), DoC / DoTaC (WA State Broadcasting Engineer) - a good life, well lived [https://stephbg.livejournal.com/669733.html]

* [[/James Alexander Graham|Graham, James Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G979-6RF] - 1905(Sct)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4JQ Brisbane (Ekibin, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2058, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 510, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ekibin, Qld, 1937-1954)

* [[/Keith William Graham|Graham, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM5-B17] - 1920(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Croydon, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2115, 1938, NSW; BOCP 2194, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Blackhalls, NSW, 1943); university student (Ashfield, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968; Canterbury, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Denton Graham|Graham, William Denton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGS-KB5] - 1895(Tas)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RR Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2WG Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 227, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); process worker (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); iron worker (Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1968); machinist (Rockdale, NSW, 1977); retired (Liverpool, NSW, 1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2RR-2WG - William Denton Graham&quot;

* [[/William Thompson Graham|Graham, William Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR1-SL3] - 1902(Sct)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 7BV Receive St Mary's (1923); Receive St Mary's (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (St Mary's, 1925-1954);

===''GRANT''===

* [[/Allan Clyde Grant|Grant, Allan Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBK3-CGX] - 1914(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2141, 1938, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); airman (Preston, Vic, 1954; Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1972); technical officer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Grant|Grant, Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-TT9] - 1890(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Macksville (1923); 2KW Macksville (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 320, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Marr's Creek, NSW, 1913-1963); retired (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/Colin John Rawle Grant|Grant, Colin John Rawle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-BXF] - 1902(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4JG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 310, 1926, No. 32 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; accountant - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloowin, 1925-1934); security officer (Eagle Junction, 1936); auditor (West Nundah, 1937); retired (Southport, 1968-1980)

* [[/James Grant|Grant, James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DP Newcastle (Stockton, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 555, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stockton, NSW, 1930)

* [[/William Patrick Grant|Grant, William Patrick &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-YJC] - 1917(Ireland)-19??(Ireland) - Licences: 4WU Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1801, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 269, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; air controller (Shannon Airport) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRANTHAM''===

* [[/Sidney Richard Grantham|Grantham, Sidney Richard &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ6-B8S] - 1920(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4SG Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1946-1956); 4SG Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1960; Hendra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2083, 1938, Qld; 1COCP 927, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, IREE, RFDS council); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); federal public servant (DCA, Aeradio; PMGD/DoC, radio inspector); broadcast technician (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Yerongpilly, Qld, 1943); broadcast engineer (Harristown, Qld, 1949); engineer (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); radio inspector (Hendra, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GRANVILLE''===

* [[/Florence Violet Granville|Granville (nee) / Wallace / McKenzie, Florence Violet &quot;Violet&quot;, &quot;Mrs Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-ZWS] - 1890(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2GA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922-1924); Valve Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1923); 2GA Sydney (CBD, 1924; Greenwich, 1925-1939); 2FV Sydney (Sydney, 1946-1950; Circular Quay, 1954; Greenwich, 1955-1958); 2GA Sydney (Greenwich, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 109, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AIR3 847, 1946; COCP3 559, 1947 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; business proprietor; signals instructor - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1963; Greenwich, NSW, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2GA-2FV - Florence Violet Granville&quot; - Links: [[w:Florence_Violet_McKenzie|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mckenzie-florence-violet-15485 ADB]; [https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/mckenzie_violet Dictionary of Sydney]; [https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/hindsight/signals-currents-and-wires-the-untold-story-of/3287402 ABC]

===''GRAY''===

* [[/A. J. Gray|Gray, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. H. Gray|Gray, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9BA Bulolo, New Guinea (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Albert Howell Gray|Gray, Albert Howell &quot;Dave&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXM-J83] - 1907(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2IJ Receive Sydney (Killara, 1922); 2IJ Sydney (Killara, 1923-1939, 1946-1969; Whale Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 90, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Killara, 1930-1936); engineer (Killara, 1937-1968; Whale Beach, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2IJ-2AG-2APV - Albert Howell Gray&quot; Fix

* [[/Andrew Harold Gray|Gray, Andrew Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT1M-XMN] - 1903(Qld)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AG Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1938; Lane Cove, 1939); 2APV Sydney (McMahons Point, 1954; Strathfield, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1137, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 113, 1930; COCP1 54, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Oxley, Qld, 1925-1926); wireless operator (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1933; McMahons Point, NSW, 1936-1937); radio instructor (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Umina, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Frank Malcolm Gray|Gray, Frank Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBV-5XS] - 1910(SA)-2011(Qld)100yo - Licences: 5MU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1932-1933); 5SU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1937-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1017, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 5MU possibly withdrawn for 5MU Murray Bridge - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Toorak Gardens, 1939)

* [[/George Gray|Gray, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8W-1CD] - 1906(???)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2XG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1934; Pymble, 1935-1936; Turramurra, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 796, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Turramurra, NSW, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Henry Boulderson Gray|Gray, George Henry Boulderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTTN-WVM] - 1912(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JP Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1796, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1943); sound engineer (Ascot, Qld, 1949-1980)

* [[/Henry Ramsay Gray|Gray, Henry Ramsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWN-TND] - 1896(Sct)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AFA Teralba (1936-1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1833, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miner (Teralba, NSW, 1930-1949); serviceman (Teralba, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Teralba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Thompson Gray|Gray, John Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ2-RMT] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3TJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1457, 1935, Vic; COCP1 203, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1937); postal employee (Brunswick, Vic, 1949); teacher (Springvale North, Vic, 1968); mathematician (Brunswick, Vic, 1972; Box Hill South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alexander Gray|Gray, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLH-44L] - 1900(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KM Sydney (Manly, 1932-1934); 2KX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939, 1946-1958; Fairlight, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1029, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2KM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KM Kempsey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Manly, NSW, 1930); agent (Manly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Manly, 1937-1943); turner machinist (Manly, 1949-1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); machinist (Balgowlah, NSW, 1972; Fairlight, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRAYDON''===

* [[/John Frederick Graydon|Graydon, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2S-R8H] - 1909(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIS Sydney (Lindfield, 1937-1939; Pymble, 1947; Killara, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2008, 1937, NSW; TVOCP 475, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1931; Artarmon, NSW, 1934; Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (RAAF, Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); broadcast technician (Killara, NSW, 1949-1968); broadcast (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GREAM''===

* [[/Robert Lewis Campbell Gream|Gream, Robert Lewis Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFL-Y1J] - 1902(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AFP Casino South (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AFP Casino (1948-1950); 2AFP Byron Bay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1853, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Armidale, NSW, 1930; Casino, NSW, 1930-1943); no occupation (Casino, NSW, 1949; Byron Bay, NSW, 1954); electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GREEN''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Green|Green, Albert Ernest]] - 1869(Vic)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State &amp; Federal politician; Postmaster-General (1931-1932) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Albert Green (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Barrie Harbron Green|Green, Barrie Harbron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GW-P76] - 1917(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2IX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Waverton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1424, 1935, NSW; BOCP 564, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herman Rowland Green|Green, Herman Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-LGY] - 1915(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5OJ Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1679, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Green|Green, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Yeronga, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Kendale Lawrence Green|Green, Kendale Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4S-NZD] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3KG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1939; North Balwyn, 1947-1956; Montmorency, 1960; Greensborough, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 881, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 467, 1942  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1935-1937); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); sales (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); teacher (Canterbury, Vic, 1954; Montmorency, Vic, 1963-1967; Greensborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Aylmer Green|Green, Ronald Aylmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GH-Z5S] - 1910(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Sydney (Rockdale, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1568, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: university student (Rockdale, NSW, 1932-1933); medical practitioner (University of Sydney, King, NSW, 1935; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Walter William Green|Green, Walter William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-R87] - 1911(WA)-2012(WA) - Licences: 6WG Albany (1936-1937); 6WG Wiluna (1937-1939); 6WG Albany (1947-1960); 6WG Derby (1965); 6WG Norseman (1969); 6WG Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1676, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936); fitter (Albany, WA, 1958-1963); plant inspector (Norseman, WA, 1968); mechanic (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''GREENHALGH''===

* [[/John Thomas Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3X-4R8] - 1907(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ADF Sydney (Penrith, 1939, 1946-1947; St Marys, 1948-1950; Penrith, 1954-1965); 2ADF Eugowra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 230, 1932; AOCP 2397, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KG Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: drover (Granville, NSW, 1930-1934); carpenter (Eugowra, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1937); carpenter (Rooty Hill, NSW, 1949; Penrith, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Eugowra, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, Kenneth Neal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-NGD] - 1909(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2KG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1929-1930; Rooty Hill, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Mayfield West, 1934-1939; New Lambton, 1946-1956; Adamstown Heights, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 550, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 73, 1932; 1COCP 839, 1944; TVOCP 18, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Relationships: Brother of 2ADF John Thomas Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Hamilton, 1930); broadcasting engineer (2KO Sandgate, 1933); engineer (Mayfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (New Lambton, 1943-1954; Adamstown, 1958-1968; Adamstown Heights, 1977-1980)

===''GREENHAM''===

* [[/Arnold John Greenham|Greenham, Arnold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH9-QQS] - 1907(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4EE Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933); 4AG Gympie (1934); 4AG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1946-1948); 4AG Caloundra (1954-1956); 4AG Brisbane (Kallangur, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1040, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 807, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; bank employee (NAB) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Gympie, 1936; Innisfail, 1937; South Brisbane, 1943-1949); not stated (Caloundra, 1954-1958); retired (Kallangur, 1963-1972)

* [[/Desmond Albert Greenham|Greenham, Desmond Albert &quot;Des&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-Q4N] - 1922(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CO Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947-1948); 3CO Seymour (1954-1980+); 3ACO Portable Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1948); 3ACO Portable Seymour (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2416, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3VPG Margaret Sheila Greenham nee Burrows - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Sheila Greenham|Greenham, Margaret Sheila &quot;Peggy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7B3-H7V] - 1924(Eng)-2014(Qld)90yo - Licences: 3VPG Seymour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP V01083, 1980 - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Wife of 3CO-3ACO Desmond Albert Greenham - Electoral Rolls: telephoniste (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); home duties (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GREENHILL''===

* [[/George Alexander Greenhill|Greenhill, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3K-GWN] - 1904(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LE Brisbane (West End, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1348, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925); ceiling fixer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928); cleaner (West End, Qld, 1937; Archerfield, Qld, 1943); steward (Wilston, Qld, 1949); metal finisher (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); barman (Kirra, Qld, 1958); caretaker (Caloundra, Qld, 1963); cleaner (Woorim, Qld, 1968)

===''GREGORY''===

* [[/A. Gregory|Gregory, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAED Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, possibly Alyn Keith Gregory, bank officer, Bellevue Hill, 1930-1939

* [[/Augustus Francis Woodward Gregory|Gregory, Augustus Francis Woodward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LQ53-GB3] - 1898(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2254, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Pettys Hotel, Darling Harbour, NSW, 1930); aviator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1932; Nithsdale, NSW, 1933); F. C. O. (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1943); grazier (Tuross via Cooma, NSW, 1949-1968; Nimmitabel, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Clyde Francis Burnell Gregory|Gregory, Clyde Francis Burnell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-5MV] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Receive Emu Park (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1937); fisherman (Yeppoon, Qld, 1943-1949); taxi driver (Maryborough, Qld, 1958); taxi proprietor (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Harold Rigby Gregory|Gregory, Harold Rigby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2C9-CDX] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Receive Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1922); 2ED Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1930); inspector (Roseville, 1931-1936); insurance inspector (Roseville, 1937); manager (Newcastle, 1943-1954); insurance manager (Merewether, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert William Gregory|Gregory, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FW-QFJ] - 1907(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5GU Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1438, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kadina, SA, 1939); police officer (Lobethal, SA, 1941-1943)

===''GRENNAN''===

* [[/George Patrick Grennan|Grennan, George Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K5-774] - 1906(???)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2AHD Sydney (Paddington, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1250, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930-1935); accountant (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1943-1954); clerk (Centennial Park, NSW, 1958; Kensington, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''GREY''===

* See also GRAY

* [[/Albert Edward Grey|Grey, Albert Edward &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDK5-374] - 1897(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6BO Perth (Nedlands, 1925-1932); 6BO Carnarvon (1933); 6AA Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; RTCP 532, 1920, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP 35, 1934; TVOCP 278 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD); PMGD (postal assistant, Leederville,1919); WW1; RAAF (WW2, radar systems) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1925; Nedlands, 1925-1931); radio inspector (Nedlands, 1936-1972); retired (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

* [[/Elton Edward Grey|Grey, Elton Edward or Edward Elton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWPL-PQ5] - 1920(Qld)-1962(WA) - Licences: 4LX Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939); 6ZX Perth (West Perth, 1948); 6ZX Northam (1954-1955); 6ZX Perth (Leederville, 1956; Floreat Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1689, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943); bank clerk (West Perth, WA, 1949); bank officer (Wagin, WA, 1949; Northam, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958)

* [[/James Leonard Grey|Grey, James Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZV-ZY5] - 1915(Sct)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4LN Brisbane (Norman Park, 1937-1938); 2AKO Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939; Pymble, 1946-1961; St Ives, 1965-1969; Neutral Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 184, 1934; 2COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF); pilot (RQAC, QANTAS) - Electoral Rolls: aviator (Norman Park, Qld, 1936-1937); airline captain (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRIBBLE''===

* [[/Arthur James Gribble|Gribble, Arthur James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Comment: only one reference found, likely misspelling; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRIEVE''===

* [[/Ian Grieve|Grieve, Ian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcast); proprietor of Australian Old Time Radio website - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.australianotr.com.au/ OTR]

===''GRIFFIN''===

* [[/Ian Leslie Griffin|Griffin, Ian Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWJ-C4W] - 1921(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IJ Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947); 5IJ Adelaide (Magill, 1948); 7VS Cornwall (1955); 3VS Melbourne (Bayswater, 1956; Auburn, 1960; Box Hill, 1965; Reservoir, 1969; Burnley, 1975); 5VO Adelaide (Linden Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2173, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Coburg, Vic, 1954); salvation army officer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1958; The Basin, Vic, 1963); no occupation (Reservoir, Vic, 1967-1968); minister (Burnley, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas Neville Griffin|Griffin, Thomas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C4-RJ2] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2LQ Sydney (Hornsby, 1929-1936); 2AIR Sydney (Northbridge, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 505, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hornsby, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Artarmon, 1936; Willoughby, 1937; Hornsby, 1943-1949)

===''GRIFFEN-FOLEY''===

* [[/Bridget Griffen-Foley|Griffen-Foley, Bridget]] - historian (broadcasting) - Professor, Department of Media, Communications, Creative Arts, Language and Literature, Macquarie University - author &quot;Changing Stations: The Story of Australian Commercial Radio&quot; &amp; numerous professional articles

===''GRIFFITHS''===

* [[/Harry Thomas William Griffiths|Griffiths, Harry Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C3-C8Y] - 1910(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2FO Sydney (Five Dock, 1933-1938; North Strathfield, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1107, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: knitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1937); assistant (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949); supervisor (Concord, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leslie Arthur Griffiths|Griffiths, Leslie Arthur &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZK-81V] - 1909(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LZ Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1947-1956) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, signaller); cine assistant (Empire Theatre) - Halcyon: AOCP Toowoomba 1938 - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1931-1937); biograph projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); projectionist (Toowoomba West, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''GRIGG''===

* [[/Haydn Errol Grigg|Grigg, Haydn Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BV-N98] - 1899(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922); 2AS Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, 1935; Edgecliff, 1935-1949; Double Bay, 1954-1968)

===''GRIME''===

* [[/Stanley McKenzie Grime|Grime, Stanley McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXR-C9W] - 1888(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - assistant manager AWA - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169393111 Bio]

===''GRIMES''===

* [[/Benjamin Douglas Grimes|Grimes, Benjamin Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8B-D6J] - 1901(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Annerley, 1923-1924); 4BD Brisbane (Annerley, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 278, 1926, No. 23 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Tarragindi, 1925-1937); share dealer (New Farm, 1943); farmer (Cleveland, 1949-1958); retired (Corinda, 1968-1980)

===''GRIMMETT''===

* [[/Stanley Urbane Grimmett|Grimmett, Stanley Urbane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L447-3MW] - 1905(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Newcastle (Hamilton, 1930-1937); 2ZW Sydney (Bankstown, 1938-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1960; Vaucluse, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 667, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Hamilton, 1930-1937; Strathfield, 1949-1958); Vaucluse, 1963)

===''GRIMSLEY''===

* [[/Stephen William Grimsley|Grimsley, Stephen William &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHR-RBG] -  - Licences: 3ASG Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947-1948); 2VK Tweed Heads (1954-1961); 4VK Beechmont (1960-1969); 1VK Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1965-1969; Holt, 1980+)) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 407, 1941; 1AOCP 4, 1946, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); police constable (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Tweed Heads, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Observatory, Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1968); electrical engineer (Mawson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Holt, ACT, 1980)

===''GRIMWOOD''===

* [[/Percy Lucien Grimwood|Grimwood, Percy Lucien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2B2-BKH] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XIX Holbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Germanton/Holbrook, NSW, 1913); retired (Bundanoon, NSW, 1930-1943); farmer (Exeter, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''GRIVELL''===

* [[/John Grivell|Grivell, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC43-NGM] - 1901(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5BK Yorketown (1930-1933); 5BK Gladstone (1937); 5BK Crystal Brook (1938-1939); 5BK Gawler (1946-1947); 5BK Magill (1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 609, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, 1939-1941); telephone mechanic (Gawler, 1943)

===''GROGAN''===

* [[/Arnold William Grogan|Grogan, Arnold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-87B] - 1915(WA)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6EI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1936-1939; City, 1947); 6EI Carnarvon (1948); 6EI Perth (Leederville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1759, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); public servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1949); civil servant (Leederville, WA, 1954-1980)

===''GRONOW''===

* [[/William Rees Gronow|Gronow, William Rees]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVM-KFV] - 1908(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Receive Melbourne (City, 1922-1924); 3WG Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1925-1933; Malvern East, 1937; Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1948-1960; Brighton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 178, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1954); managing director (Brighton, Vic, 1963); director (Brighton, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''GROOM''===

* [[/Harry Pendleton Groom|Groom, Harry Pendleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-6LZ] - 1916(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1207, 1933, Tas; AOLCP 146, 1934; COCP2 10, 1934; COCP1 32, 1934 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); office assistant (Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GROSCH''===

* [[/Horace Grosch|Grosch, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D6-R29] - 1902(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1405, 1934, NSW; COCP3 229, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lineman (Tumut, NSW, 1930); electrician (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Grafton, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Corowa, NSW, 1949-1972)

===''GROVE''===

* [[/Henry Grove|Grove, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-97B] - 1897(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: N746 Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922); 2HZ Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 575, 1920 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Castle Hill, 1930); poultry farmer (Peakhurst, 1933-1949); retired (Burwood, 1963-1972)

===''GROVES''===

* [[/George William Groves|Groves, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY33-7RJ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1934-1937; Armadale, 1938-1939); 7XL Devonport (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1324, 1934, Vic; COCP2 811, 1944; COCP1 830, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Devonport, Tas, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Devonport, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''GROWDEN''===

* [[/George Norman Wills Growden|Growden, George Norman Wills &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9C6-15M] - 1913(Vic)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5YM Gladstone (1937-1939); 5YM Wedge Island via Port Lincoln (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1945, 1937, SA; BOCP 145, 1938; 2COCP 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943); wireless operator (RAAF Station, Pearce, WA, 1943)

===''GRUBB''===

* [[/Jack Bathurst Grubb|Grubb, Jack Bathurst]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVL-3QR] - 1919(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IZ Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1948); 4IZ Brisbane (Woody Point, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2283, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Red Hill South, Vic, 1949; Main Ridge, Vic, 1954); manager (Roches Hotel, Grafton, NSW, 1963); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Grubb|Grubb, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WK-K6N] - 1907(Qld)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 4DI Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1931); concrete labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1963); retired (Finch Hatton, 1968)

===''GRUMMITT''===

* [[/Gilbert Frederick Grummitt|Grummitt, Gilbert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-FFD] - 1906(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4BS Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1929-1933; Hamilton, 1937-1939; Bulimba, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 531, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Fortitude Valley, 1928-1934; Hamilton, 1936-1937); boilermaker (Bulimba, 1949-1958)

===''GRUNDY''===

* [[/Robert Hill Grundy|Grundy, Robert Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP7-F78] - 1915(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5BG Murray Bridge (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 5BG Crystal Brook (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2010, 1937, SA; BOCP 175, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GUE''===

* [[/John Gue|Gue, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DG-1CD] - 1918(NSW)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2GG Sydney (Waverley, 1934-1935; Charing Cross, 1936; Lindfield, 1937); 4DD Cloncurry (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1401, 1934, NSW; COCP2 516, 1941; COCP1 591, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1949; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949; Acacia Ridge, Qld, 1954-1958); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963; Bardon, Qld, 1963); operations officer (Bardon, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''GUEST''===

* [[/Edgar Leopold Gordon Guest|Guest, Edgar Leopold Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZD-7DL] - 1904(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Toorak, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1931); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); director (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''GUILDFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Guildford|Guildford, Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-5BG] - 19??(Eng)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4AP Brisbane (Herston, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Sandgate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1342, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, publicity officer) - Electoral Rolls: advertisement writer (West End, Qld, 1934); copy writer (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1949)

===''GUNDERSON''===

* [[/Thor Odin Gundersen|Gundersen (BDM) or Gunderson (Census), Thor Odin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHL8-F2W] - 1895(NZ)-1986(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 242, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Bondi, 1930-1931); radio officer (ss Fiona, 1943)

===''GUNN''===

* [[/Kenneth Campbell Gunn|Gunn, Kenneth Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-X18] - 1911(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LG Laidley (1932-1937); 4LD Laidley (1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 884, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Callsigns: 4LG likely withdrawn for 4LG Longreach - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Laidley, Qld, 1937-1972)

===''GUNTER''===

* [[/Norman Eliot Gunter|Gunter, Norman Eliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WR-5VB] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 3NG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 593, 1930, Vic; 2COCP 372, 1932; 1COCP 51, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (merchant navy, wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Caulfield, 1935; Hawthorn, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1428541 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GURNER''===

* [[/Reginald Carlisle Gurner|Gurner, Reginald Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8S8] - 1905(SA)-1975(SA) - 5CZ Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); 5RG Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923-1928; Linden Park Gardens, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 31, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Linden Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GURR''===

* [[/Alan Frederick Gurr|Gurr, Alan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-KJV] - 1904(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Geelong East (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geelong, 1926-1928; Belmont, 1931-1972)

* [[/George Henry Gurr|Gurr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L46K-DBB] - 1896(SA)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 5GO Adelaide (Parafield, 1933); 3QH Melbourne (Stanmore, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1142, 1933, SA; 3COCP 185, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Parkville, Vic, 1926); ground engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1928); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''GUTTERIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Frank Gutteridge|Gutteridge, Reginald Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNYP-KSN] - 1886(Tas)-1942(WA) - Licences: V759 Receive (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm manager (Marnoo, Vic, 1921); electrical engineer (Rupanyup, 1924-1927)

=='''H'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''HACKNEY''===

* [[/Allan John Hackney|Hackney, Allan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBGR-T3F] - 1912(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2LB Young (1932-1934); 2LB Cootamundra (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 917, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 153, 1934; COCP3 228, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Corrimal, NSW, 1949); engineering assistant (Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1963); grazier (Dungowan, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''HADLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Lionel Trimble Hadley|Hadley, Arthur Lionel Trimble &quot;Doc&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7ZX-G9Y] - 1900(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4AH Brisbane (Clifton Hill, 1930-1933; Dutton Park, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 636, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1, federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Taringa, 1921); salesman (Toowong, 1922-1925); motor assembler (Yeronga, 1929); radio mechanic (South Brisbane, 1937); technician (Annerley, 1949-1958); retired (Inala, 1958; Seven Hills, 1963)

* [[/C. Hadley|Hadley, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Mayfield, 1934); 2MT Wollongong (1946) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HADLOW''===

* [[/Martin Lindsay Hadlow|Hadlow, Martin Lindsay]] - 19??(???)-Living  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - radio clubs (NZDXRL, ARDXC, DXA); early wireless and broadcasting historian (Ph.D. Thesis) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ_411422/s40842756_phd_thesis.pdf?Wireless and Empire Ambition]

===''HAGARTY''===

* [[/Neville Douglas Hagarty|Hagarty, Neville Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G38J-GBJ] - 1907(Qld)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster (on 4WH); radio club participant; business proprietor; pilot; federal public servant (DCA) - Relationships: brother of 4WH William Edward Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: woodworker (Hospital Hill, 1930)

* [[/William Edward Hagarty|Hagarty, William Edward &quot;Edward / Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G384-TL3] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4WH Longreach (1925-1939); 4WH Townsville (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 172, 1925, No. 16 in Qld; 2COCP 271, 1939; 1COCP 309, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; engineer; postal employee (PMG); federal public servant (PMG) - Relationships: brother of Neville Douglas Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Longreach, 1930-1937); aeradio operator (Longreach, 1943); officer commanding aeradio station (Townsville, 1949-1954); communications officer (Townsville, 1958-1963; Mysterton, 1968)

===''HAI''===

* [[/Pham Nhu Hai|Hai, Pham Nhu &quot;Hai&quot;]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Director Broadcasting ITU-R - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

===''HAIGH''===

* [[/Bartin Robert Alfred Read Haigh|Haigh, Bartin Robert Alfred Read]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-J8B] - 1854(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: N752 Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2IA Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1930); poultry farmer (Seven Hills, 1933)

===''HAILSTONE''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Hailstone|Hailstone, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RX-HNS] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2HI Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1936); 2FQ Sydney (Seaforth, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1050, 1932, NSW; COCP2 28, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Mosman, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963; Seaforth, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''HAINES''===

* [[/Claude Lewis Harrison Haines|Haines, Claude Lewis Harrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-8F6] - 1906(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5CH Millicent (1933-1937); 3QM Geelong (Belmont, 1938-1939); 5CH Mt Gambier (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1118, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Belmont, Vic, 1937); engine driver (Mt Gambier, SA, 1941-1943)

===''HAINING''===

* [[/Robert James Haining|Haining, Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBG-N6D] - 1911(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AMQ Sydney (Manly, 1939; Annandale, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947; Auburn, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2319, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1935-1937); soldier (Manly, NSW, 1943); storeman &amp; packer (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1963); storeman (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAINSWORTH''===

* [[/Percy Taylor Hainsworth|Hainsworth, Percy Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-6DR] - 1902(???)-1965(SA) - Licences: 2PK Sydney (Haberfield, 1935-1936; Penrith, 1937-1938); 2AGK Sydney (Penrith, 1938-1939, Hurstville, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1935); electrical fitter (Croydon, NSW, 1936); electrical engineer (Penrith, NSW, 1937)

===''HALE''===

* [[/Carl William Millar Hale|Hale, Carl William Millar &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VR-TPL] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3GH Anglesea (1924-1931+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 120, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, 1924); architect (Hawthorn, 1958-1968; Malvern, 1977-1980)

* [[/Douglas Edgar Hale|Hale, Douglas Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKV4-QR2] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DE Buninyong (1936-1939); 3DE Traralgon (1947-1948); 3DE Morwell (1954-1956); 3DE Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1703, 1936, Vic; BOCP 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Buninyong, Vic, 1937); engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942; Traralgon, Vic, 1949; Morwell, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); consulting engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HALL''===

* [[/Charles Hall|Hall, Charles]] - 1910(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RR Melbourne (Thornbury, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1648, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous CHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey Aitken Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Aitken]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCGR-XKY] - 1901(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely utilised 5KN Point Cook licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 327, 1927, Vic; AIR2 2, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Malvern, Vic, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1967); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Geoffrey Lovett Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDB-ZD3] - 1895(Tas)-1972(Tas) - Licences: Receive Waddamanna (1923-1924); 7GH Waddamanna (1925-1931+); 7GH Hobart (1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 137, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 85, 1937 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); engineer (New Town, 1936-1949)

* [[/Graham George Hall|Hall, Graham George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HN-Z89] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Eng) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931; Hawthorn, 1933); 2AGH Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Strathfield, 1938-1939; Hurstville, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 482, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Abbotsford, 1937); engineer (Hurstville, 1949-1954; South Hurstville, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Allen Hall|Hall, Reginald Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 539, 1929, ??? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Hall|Hall, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3FH Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3FH Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Edward Hall|Hall, Victor Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DJ-ZMK] - 1915(NZ)-2019(Qld)103yo - Licences: 2AKL Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 139, 1938; AIR1 1, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: retired (Brackenridge, Qld, 1980)

* [[/William Hall|Hall, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB1-SF7] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIW Coonamble (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2068, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHs; Individual not fully identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Charles Hall|Hall, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG26-DY6] - 1912(NSW)-2018(NSW) - Licences: 2BH Abermain (1930-1933); 2XT Abermain (1934-1937); 2XT Kurri Kurri (1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2XT Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1950-1965; Toronto, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 643, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Abermain, 1935; Kurri Kurri, 1937-1943); hotel licensee (Newcastle, 1949-1963); retired (Toronto, 1972; Carey Bay, 1977-1980) - Withdrawal: 2BH amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2BH Broken Hill commercial service - Comment: Beware several contemporaneous WCH in Newcastle region

===''HALLAM''===

* [[/William Philpot Hallam|Hallam, William Philpot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MX-Y3J] - 1859(Tas)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XZH Hobart (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD Vic + Federal - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''HALLEY''===

* [[/Thomas William Alfred Halley|Halley, Thomas William Alfred &quot;Alfred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT56-1VP] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3BX Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1932-1939, 1947-1948); 4TI Gold Coast (Chevron Island, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 888, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); builder (Mentone, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); cattle breeder (South Kyneton, Vic, 1963-1967); builder (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Chevron Island, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''HALLIDAY''===

* [[/Eric Fred Halliday|Halliday, Eric Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC26-L5B] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5FW Adelaide (Hectorville, 1935-1939; South Payneham, 1947-1969; Magill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1494, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Crystal Brook, 1939)

===''HALLORAN''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Halloran|Halloran, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-PL7] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2XR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1929); 2XR Sydney (Mosman, 1930-1934; Chatswood, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Cronulla, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935); laboratory assistant (Chatswood, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1943; Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HALYDAY''===

* [[/James Guyler Halyday|Halyday, James Guyler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-PVH] - 1904(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 4HZ Gympie (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2287, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; Gympie ARC); military (WW2); employment (SEAQ linesman) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1943); lineman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HAM''===

* [[/George Wilton Ham|Ham, George Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-P28] - 1905(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1923); 4GW Brisbane (Northgate, 1930-1931; Coorparoo, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 572, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (Toombul RC); employment (Chandlers) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1937; St Lucia, 1943-1968); retired (Jamboree Heights, 1972-1980)

* [[/Guildford Ham|Ham, Guildford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67H-W9Y] - 1906(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 101, 1937 - radio technician - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (South Brisbane, 1928-1937); radio technician (South Brisbane, 1943; Bald Hills, 1943; Annerley, 1954); technician (Wavell Heights, 1958-1963)

* [[/Thomas Edward Ham|Ham, Thomas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88F-R3P] - 1921(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WX Brisbane (Chelmer, 1937-1939); 2AGA Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1947; Carlton, 1948-1950; Sylvannia Heights, 1954-1975); 4AGT Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2056, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sylvannia, 1954-1968); mechanic (Sylvannia, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Buderim, 1980)

===''HAMILTON''===

* [[/G. C. Hamilton|Hamilton, G. C. or C. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGH Sydney (Woollahra, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John William Ormsby Hamilton|Hamilton, John William Ormsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MG65-XRC] - 1869(Tas)-1944(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Australian representative of Pacific Radio Telegraph Co and Marconi Telegraph Co, promoted a scheme to link Aus/NZ/Pacific Islands (rejected by Aus Gov 1909), migrated to England to work for Marconi, donated Ormsby Hamilton Radio Prize in memory of his father Thomas Ormsby Hamilton - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

* [[/Joy Ruth Hamilton|Hamilton, Joy Ruth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB7J-Z3J] - 1924(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HJ Sydney (Croydon, NSW, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 199, 1947, NSW - amateur operator YL; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1963); trustee officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Lionel William Hanover Hamilton|Hamilton, Lionel William Hanover]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-LJG] - 1903(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1177, 1933, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Commonwealth Bank, Innisfail, Qld, 1925; Merthyr, Qld, 1928; Nambour, Qld, 1930-1934); bank officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1958)

===''HAMMER''===

* [[/William Charles Hammer|Hammer, William Charles &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPX-N2W] - 1915(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939, 1946-1975; Waverton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1571, 1935, NSW; AOLCP 267, 1935; COCP2 74, 1936; COCP1 893, 1945  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1949); public servant (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1963); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAMMOND''===

* [[/John Harold Hammond|Hammond, John Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HP-67H] - 1875(NSW)-1932(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: barrister-at-law (Ashfield, 1913); barrister (Killara, 1930-1932)

* [[/Herbert Bowes Hammond|Hammond, Herbert Bowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-2PK] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2NI Sydney (Chatswood, 1925; Epping, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928; Naremburn, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 64, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 895, 1925 12; 2COCP 318, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Naremburn, NSW, 1930); musician (Terrigal, NSW, 1932-1949); process worker (Meadow Bank, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Horace Arthur Hammond|Hammond, Horace Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-5ZP] - 1898(Eng)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6CH Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1922-1925; Swanbourne, WA, 1929-1931)

===''HANCOCK''===

* [[/G. A. Hancock|Hancock, C. A. or G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V748 Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922); 3GU Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/D'Arcy Maxwell Hancock|Hancock, D'Arcy Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCG4-L3Y] - 1910(SA)-2017(SA)107yo - Licences: 5RJ Kadina (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 5RJ Adelaide (Mitchell Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 356, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kadina, 1947)

* [[/Garnet Robert Lovedale Hancock|Hancock, Garnet Robert Lovedale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT22-2P2] - 1909(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Northcote, 1932, 1948-1969; Clifton Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1063, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Newmarket, Vic, 1931-1937); telegraphist (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Collingwood, Vic, 1949-1968; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAND''===

* [[/Frederick William Hand|Hand, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L89Y-XMP] - 1921(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3YH Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947); 7YH Georgetown (1954); 7YH Cascade (1955); 7YH Seven Mile Beach (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2289, 1939, Vic; BOCP 914, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); electrician (George Town, Tas, 1954); engineer (Seven Mile Beach, Tas, 1963); technician (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HANDEL''===

* [[/Keith Frederick Handel|Handel, Keith Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5TF-KYH] - 1913(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2IA Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939, 1946; Roseville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1413, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1943; Earlwood, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''HANDS''===

* [[/Douglas Anstruther Hands|Hands, Douglas Anstruther]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G361-FBG] - 1916(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ZV Sydney (Annandale, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1264, 1934, NSW; COCP2 119, 1937; COCP1 987, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Hands|Hands, Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKX7-GFQ] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Camperdown, 1934-1935; Annandale, 1936; Manly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1344, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annandale, NSW, 1935-1936); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); co-ordinating officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HANHAM''===

* [[/Frank Stewart Hanham|Hanham, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN42-933] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3BJ Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 839, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1934-1942); electrical mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1949); technician (Strathmore, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HANNAFORD''===

* [[/Bruce Hannaford|Hannaford, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9Q-BXV] - 1918(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 2ALR Maitland West (1939); 2ALR Katoomba (1946-1947); 2ALR Maitland (1948); 2ALR Cessnock (1950); 5DT Adelaide (Finchley Park, 1954; Reynella, 1955); 5DT Port Augusta (1956); 2XI Broken Hill (1958-1960); 5XI Adelaide (CBD, 1965); 5XI Peterborough (1969); 5XI Adelaide (Athelstone, 1975; Elizabeth Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2262, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 87, 1946; BOCP 789, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (West Maitland, NSW, 1943); farmer (Wallace Creek, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1958)

===''HANNAM''===

* [[/Harold William Hannam|Hannam, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G83F-J78] - 1913(NSW)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 2IR Sydney (Hurstville South, 1935-1937); 2IR Orange (1938-1939); Sydney (South Hurstville, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1472, 1935, Qld; BOCP 9, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Orange, 1943; Hurstville, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, 1949-1954; Moorabbin, 1963)

* [[/Walter Henry Hannam|Hannam, Walter Henry &quot;Wally&quot; &quot;Wal&quot;, &quot;Doc&quot;, &quot;Fatty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273W-H9T] - 1885(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XQI Stamford, Qld (1911-1914); 2YH Sydney (Balmain, 1924; Mosman, 1924-1933; Willoughby, 1934-1939); 2AXH Terrigal (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 27, 1924, No. 10 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, first secretary 1910); wireless operator Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1912-1914) - Relationships: don't confuse with father William Henry Hannam of Hannams Ltd, engineers &amp; sheet metal workers - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Walter Henry Hannam|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/biography/hannam_walter.php Bio1]; [https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/history/people/walter-hannam/ Bio2]

===''HANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Silvester Thomas Hanscombe|Hanscombe, Silvester Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNQ-8VR] - 1908(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Waverley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1949); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); mail officer (Peakhurst, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''HANSEN''===

* [[/Harold William Hansen|Hansen, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-45T] - 1914(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4FH Brisbane (Forest Hill, 1935-1939); 4SV Brisbane (Bulimba, 1948-1965; Carina, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1508, 1935, Qld; BOCP 1039, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, 1937, radio technician); state public servant (BCC, communications officer) - Relationships: father of Graham Hansen 4FV - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Forest Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); WT Operator (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Maryborough, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Carina, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''HARDGRAVE''===

* [[/Philip Hardgrave|Hardgrave, Philip &quot;Pop&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPF-XL5] - 1857(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4PH Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1150, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: oldest person in British Empire to obtain a full licence - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Wellington Point, 1916-1928)

===''HARDIE''===

* [[/Bruce Netherton Kilgour Hardie|Hardie, Bruce Netherton Kilgour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ95-FMJ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3YX Melbourne (Garden Vale, 1925-1933; City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 49, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WIA Vic - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1934; City, 1935-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1963) - Links: [https://aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=126495 AIF]

===''HARDING''===

* [[/Charles Henry Victor Harding|Harding, Charles Henry Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-5DW] - 1898(Irl)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6DG Receive Albany (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albany, WA, 1922-1925; Pingelly, WA, 1931-1954; South Perth, WA, 1958); retired (Como, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lewis George Herbert Harding|Harding, Lewis George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVN6-7KQ] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Footscray, 1934-1939; Box Hill, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1281, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963)

===''HARDINGE''===

* [[/Biron Elliot Hardinge|Hardinge, Biron Elliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8FG-YWQ] - 1912(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3TA Melbourne (Ormond, 1931); 3TA Horsham (1933-1939, 1947-1960); 3TA Healesville (1965-1975); 3ATA Portable Horsham (1947-1960); 3ATA Mobile Healesville (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 734, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1954; Healesville, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HARDISTY''===

* [[/David Charles Hardisty|Hardisty, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-C4W] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DH Perth (Victoria Park, 1926-1939; West Perth, 1946-1948; Applecross, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 273, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Victoria Park, 1931-1943); radio mechanic (Applecross, 1954-1980)

===''HARDMAN''===

* [[/Cecil Alfred Hardman|Hardman, Cecil Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZML-FK6] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KR Gunnedah (1931-1937); 2KR Woy Woy (1938-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 779, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Gunnedah, NSW, 1934-1936; Woy Woy, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HARDY''===

* [[/Walter Robert Hardy|Hardy, Walter Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD3F-GM7] - 1900(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Glebe, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 187, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1932-1933; Glebe, NSW, 1935); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1968); journalist (Carlton, NSW, 1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977)

===''HARKIN''===

* [[/Dennis James Harkin|Harkin, Denis or Dennis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G45Q-9PH] - 1903(SA)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YN Receive Melbourne (Prahran, 1923); 3KF Melbourne (Kensington, 1924-1925); 3YN Melbourne (Preston, 1924-1926); 4YN Bowen (1927); 3YN Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1931); 3YY Newport (1938); 6YN Pearce (1938); 3ADJ Melbourne (Prahran, 1946-1948; Middle Park, 1954-1956; Thornbury, 1960-1975); 4ADJ Maryborough (1980) - Qualifications: CPRT 782, 1923; 1COCP 280, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club participant (WIAQ); career military (RAAF); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1926; Brunswick, Vic, 1931; Newport, 1937); RAAF (Clifton Hill, 1942); technician (Prahran, 1949; Albert Park, 1954); radio technician (Thornbury, 1963-1972); nil (Maryborough, 1977-1980)

===''HARKNESS''===

* [[/Keith Lynn Harkness|Harkness, Keith Lynn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKYJ-DNT] - 1906(NSW)-1998(Norfolk Island) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Double Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1320, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1936); warehouseman salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1943); traveller (Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARLEN''===

* [[/John Edward Harlen|Harlen, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8MP-TWB] - 1884(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Sunnybank, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1908); fruit grower (Sunnybank, Qld, 1912-1949)

===''HARLEY''===

* [[/Gordon Nicoll Harley|Harley, Gordon Nicoll]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-41H] - 1901(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: &quot;4AR Unlicensed&quot; Ipswich (1926-1928); 4GH Ipswich (1928-1933); 4GH Didcott (1937-1939); 4GH Maryborough (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 385, 1928, No. 43 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio manufacture); employment (school teacher); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brassall, 1925); school teacher (Didcot, 1936-1943); teacher (Maryborough, 1949); school teacher (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''HARMAN''===

* [[/Henry Charles Harman|Harman, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHT-KP6] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2XH Kurri Kurri (1931-1935); 2GH Sydney (Raymond Terrace, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 861, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1934-1937); RAAF (Raymond Terrace, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARMER''===

* [[/George Harmer|Harmer, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRTY-KHZ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4XW Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1956; Coorparoo, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1301, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIAQ); telephone technician (PMGD); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''HARRANTH''===

* [[/Wolf Harranth|Harranth, Wolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBY-MY8] - 1941(Austria)-2021(Austria) - Licences: OE1WHC Austria - curator of Dokufunk, host of the world's largest collection of amateur radio and broadcast QSLs; amateur radio operator; broadcast announcer; historian (amateur radio, broadcasting); children's book author; translator - provided the core of the WIA QSL collection - Links: [[w:Wolf_Harranth|Wikipedia]]; [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/OE1WHC/ Ham Gallery]; [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/personalities/index.php?CID=12863&amp;ID=37418#A37418 Dokufunk Tributes]

===''HARRIS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Harris|Harris, Alfred Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY1-F4K] - 1900(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3CH Birchip (1926-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 303, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; class B licence?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous ACHs - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ouyen, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Birchip, Vic, 1925-1954; Power Station, Ouyen, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Harris|Harris, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G59V-NG6] - 1880(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XGR Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: tailor's cutter (North Sydney, NSW, 1913); tailor (Dee Why, NSW, 1930-1933); cutter (Manly, NSW, 1934-1935; Balgowlah, NSW, 1936-1943); tailor (Seaforth, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ross Clifford Harris|Harris, Ross Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y2-DZF] - 1917(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5FL Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1939; Malvern, 1947-1948; Hawthorn, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1651, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Valentine Harms Harris|Harris, Valentine Harms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PM-FDM] - 1909(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6NL Perth (Shenton Park, 1935-1939; Applecross,  1947-1969); 6NL Denmark (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1579, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 6YL Ruth Victoria Harris nee Longley - Electoral Rolls: garage employee (Subiaco, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); mechanic (Applecross, WA, 1949-1972)

===''HARRISON''===

* [[/Arthur Roberts Harrison|Harrison, Arthur Roberts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J7-YHJ] - 1909(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2DT Sydney (Stanmore, 1934-1939, 1948-1961; Concord West, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1326, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1958; Stanmore, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Haydn Harrison|Harrison, Maurice Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-KWV] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2OY Sydney (Paddington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 18, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Parkes, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); policeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); police sergeant (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Percival Lionel Carr Harrison|Harrison, Percival Lionel Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-VDC] - 1912(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6LH Perth (Claremont, 1937-1939; Armadale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1909, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); civil servant (Armadale, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Victor William Harrison|Harrison, Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSM-2BS] - 1911(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QD Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948; North Balwyn, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1949, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''HARRISS''===

* [[/Alfred George Harriss|Harriss, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8HN-THZ] - 1873(Eng)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator; radio clubs (Longreach Radio Club); business proprietor (Jackson &amp; Harriss) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Longreach, 1930) - Relationships: father of Dorothy Winnifred Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss

* [[/Dorothy Winnifred Harriss|Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGYC-3CP] - 1905(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4DH Longreach (1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 573, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); first YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: typist (Longreach, 1930); home duties (Longreach, 1936-1943; Warwick, 1949; Toowoomba, 1954-1977; Macgregor, 1980) - Relationships: daughter of Alfred George Harriss

* [[/Wilfred Lloyd Harriss|Harriss, Wilfred Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQ2-MS6] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ALF Sydney (Coogee, 1939, 1946-1960; Lugarno, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1285, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Coogee, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Coogee, NSW, 1958; Lugarno, NSW, 1963-1968; Falconbridge, NSW, 1972; Springwood, NSW, 1977)

===''HARRISSON''===

* [[/Charles Harrisson|Harrisson, Charles &quot;Snowy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-VK3] - 1908(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1933); 3CN Shepparton (1937-1939, 1948); 7CH Hobart (Moonah, 1954-1960); 7CH Burnie (1965); 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 348, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Charles Turnbull Harrisson, biologist in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1949); bank manager (Moonah, Tas, 1954)

===''HARSTON''===

* [[/Leslie William Harston|Harston, Leslie William or William Leslie &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQD-XVY] - 1897(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1932-1939, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 903, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (art shop) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Clayfield, Qld, 1921-1943); no occupation (Holland Park, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''HART''===

* [[/Augustus Samuel Hart|Hart, Augustus Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CMQ-4CP] - 1890(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 57, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Watchem, Vic, 1912; Glen Thompson, 1913); wireless engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Esperance, 1943); telegraphist (Darwin, 1949); wireless officer (Moonee Ponds, 1963-1968; Essendon, 1972)

* [[/James Claude Hoyte John Hart|Hart, James Claude Hoyte John &quot;Hoyte John&quot;, &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWC-W4C] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HO Sydney (Manly, 1928-1931; Roseville, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1975; Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 410, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 4622, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1933-1954; St Ives, 1958-1963); retired (St Ives, 1968-1977; Manly, 1980)

* [[/John William Hart|Hart, John William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2399, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman Victor Hart|Hart, Norman Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNK3-TXW] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4KO Booval (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 760, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIA, Ipswich RC); engineer - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Booval, 1932-1937); grocer (Booval, 1943-1949); radio technician (Booval, 1954-1972; East Ipswich, 1977-1980)

* [[/William James Hart|Hart, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-MW8] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ACA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1938); 2ACA Orange (1939); 2ACA Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1947); 2ACR Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 69, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Marrickville, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); public servant (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/William John Hart|Hart, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-CKN] - 1926(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2YQ Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 589, 1958; AOCP 3819, 1959; COCP3 4611, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HARTLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Hartley|Hartley, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP58-YDC] - 1911(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1939, 1946-1965; Greenacre, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1218, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1934-1937); welder (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Greenacre, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HARVEY''===

* [[/B. C. L. Harvey|Harvey, B. C. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAC Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Colin Geoffrey Harvey|Harvey, Colin Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC4-31J] - 1920(Vic)-2010(ACT) - Licences: 3UO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; East St Kilda, 1947-1956); 2AQU Glenbrook (1958-1961); 1AU Canberra (Hughes, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1695, 1936, Vic; BOCP 203, 1938; TVOCP 31, 1957; 1COCP N26, 1970 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, 1944) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGH - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Armadale, Vic, 1949);  RAAF (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958; Hughes, ACT, 1968-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1528008 AWM]

* [[/Edward Rossiter Harvey|Harvey, Edward Rossiter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBP-BK8] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6RG Perth (Scarborough, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4RK Surfers Paradise (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2041, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Leederville, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1943); newsagent (Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); shopkeeper (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1963); proprietor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Mermaid Waters, Qld, 1980)

* [[/James Harvey|Harvey, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WJW] - 1907(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Buranda, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ZJO Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2235, 1938, Qld; NAOCP Q3, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth Public Servant (Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Joseph Melville Harvey|Harvey, Joseph Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHSW-R2Z] - 1892(Tas)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CG Receive Donnybrook (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agriculturalist (Thomson's Brook, Donnybrook, WA, 1930-1963)

* [[/Manning Herbert Harvey|Harvey, Manning Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZGG-LFZ] - 1887(Tas)-1932(Tas) - Licences: XZC Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1914-1928)

===''HASELDINE''===

* [[/John Craig Haseldine|Haseldine, John Craig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTV-TNW] - 1918(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1947-1965; Pennington, 1969); 3QG Melbourne (Mulgrave, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2391, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: serviceman (Cheltenham, SA, 1939; Burleigh Estate, SA, 1941); electrician (Mulgrave, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HASKARD''===

* [[/Reginald Geoffrey Haskard|Haskard, Reginald Geoffrey &quot;Geoff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-S35] - 1906(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Jamestown, 1923-1924); 5RH Adelaide (Jamestown, 1927-1931; North Adelaide, 1933; Malvern, 1937-1939; Helmsdale, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1975; West Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 316, 1927, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1558, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retreader (Malvern, 1939-1941); wireless operator (Malvern, 1943)

===''HASSELBACH''===

* [[/Edward Hasselbach|Hasselbach, Edward or Eduard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZS2-GZH] - 1849(Germany)-1928(Vic) - Licences: XKN Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914; Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1928)

===''HATFIELD''===

* [[/Westrop Henry Hatfield|Hatfield, Westrop Henry &quot;West&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-VF5] - 1909(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''HATTAM''===

* [[/Fred Hattam|Hattam, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-QDL] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3HW Castlemaine (1929-1939); 3BAL Castlemaine (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 541, 1929, Vic; BOCP 410, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Castlemaine, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Castlemaine, 1954-1967); engineer (Castlemaine, 1968-1972)

===''HATTON''===

* [[/Donald Edsall Hatton|Hatton, Donald Edsall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB2-YHY] - 1925(NSW)-2009(Vic) - Licences: 2AI Sydney (Abbotsford, 1947-1954; Vaucluse, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 34, 1946, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton - Comment: Died with wife in 2009 Vic bushfires - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949-1954); scientist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963; Templestowe, Vic, 1967-1977) - Links: [http://royalcommission.vic.gov.au/getdoc/f95fb3fc-117e-46c7-b2cc-22ec17a5dd88/Transcript_VBRC_Day_117_04-Mar-2010-REDACTED.pdf Bushfire Royal Commission]

* [[/Harry Creighton Hatton|Hatton, Harry Creighton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH1R-8XB] - 1893(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Abbotsford, 1923); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) (1946 to 1955, licence held with son Kenneth Harry Hatton) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Gunner, 1915-1918, Gassed) - Relationships: Father of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton &amp; 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: Fitter &amp; turner with Warburton Franki (1915, Army enlistment); fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/Kenneth Harry Hatton|Hatton, Kenneth Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKML-N4T] - 1921(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1947; Epping, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1946-1955) (licence held with Harry Creighton Hatton); 2AGU Sydney (Pymble, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2104, 1938, NSW; COCP2 363, 1940; COCP1 451, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: airline radio officer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Pymble, NSW, 1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963); airline navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1968); navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAVYATT''===

* [[/Alaric Havyatt|Havyatt, Alaric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMK7-5XZ] - 1917(NZ)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AET Sydney (Double Bay, 1936-1938; Edgecliff, 1939, 1946-1947; Roseville, 1948-1958); 2AZQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1969; Woolwich, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1825, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); student (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1972-1977; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1980)

===''HAWKER''===

* [[/H. Hawker|Hawker, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XHH Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HAWKESWORTH''===

* [[/Norman John Hawkesworth|Hawkesworth, Norman John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CQ-CB8] - 1908(NSW)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Auburn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2361, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); labourer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936); waiter (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); radio wireman (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1968); radio worker (Auburn, Vic, 1972); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAWKINS''===

* [[/Henry William Albert Hawkins|Hawkins, Henry William Albert &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GF-3WX] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Cessnock (1932-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1073, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Cessnock, NSW, 1935-1972)

===''HAWORTH''===

* [[/William Haworth|Haworth, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G823-JT3] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences Q737 Receive Qld (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ironside Estate, 1917); mechanic (Taringa, 1921-1928); lineman (North Tmborine, 1931); electrical mechanic (Eagle Heights, 1936; Toowong, 1937); telephone mechanic (Bundaberg, 1943-1949); technician (Toowong, 1954-1972); retired (Caloundra, 1977-1980)

===''HAWSON''===

* [[/Thomas Edgar Cecil Hawson|Hawson, Thomas Edgar Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-ZV9] - 1916(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Ipswich (Woodend, 1937-1939; East Ipswich, 1947-1948); 4CH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1969; Salisbury, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2016, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: agent (Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (East Ipswich, Qld, 1949); storekeeper (Windsor, Qld, 1954; Yeronga, Qld, 1958; Salisbury, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''HAY''===

* [[/Patrick Walsh Hay|Hay, Patrick Walsh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-8Q9] - 1918(NSW)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 2ADW Sydney (Lidcombe, 1936-1938; Sefton, 1939); 4PH Toowoomba (1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1730, 1930, NSW; BOCP 639, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sefton, NSW, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Toowoomba North, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''HAYES''===

* [[/William Lyall Hayes|Hayes, William Lyall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-GGX] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AJL Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939; Chatswood, 1946-1954; Artarmon, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2082, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1954; Artarmon, NSW, 1958-1968); chemist (Artarmon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAYLES''===

* [[/Ernest Edward Hayles|Hayles, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQT-F9K] - 1911(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4HY Innisfail (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 2AHY Wollongong (1954-1958); 2AHY Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1960-1969; Roseville, 1975); 2AHY Alstonville (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2153, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1949; Wollongong, NSW, 1954); dental technician (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''HAYMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Hayman|Hayman, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ19-MCS] - 1888(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 26, 1914 - coastal wireless Operator (Broome, WA); radio telegraphist at WW1 enlistment; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Kaiapoi, NZ, 1911; Christchurch, NZ, 1919-1935; Fendleton, NZ, 1946-1949); retired (Fendalton, NZ, 1957; Papanui, NZ, 1972)

* [[/William George Inglis Hayman|Hayman, William George Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-CX1] - 1897(Eng)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BG Perth (Claremont, 1925); 6GH Perth (Claremont, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist; educator - Electoral Rolls: lecturer (Claremont, 1922-1929); engineer (Claremont, 1931-1954); civil servant (Claremont, 1958-1968) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hayman-william-george-12971 ADB]

===''HAYNES''===

* [[/Bruce Lot Henry Haynes|Haynes, Bruce Lot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC44-8M4] - 1898(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Armidale (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Armidale, 1930-1936); poultry farmer (West Pennant Hills, 1943-1958)

* [[/Thomas Ambrose John Haynes|Haynes, Thomas Ambrose John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSC5-WXM] - 1902(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5AY Adelaide (Black Forest Estate, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 835, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Black Forest, 1939-1943)

* [[/Walter Charles Henry Haynes|Haynes, Walter Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWS-2LW] - 1910(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2XH Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947); 2APH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1960; Oatley, 1961-1965; Sylvania Waters, 1969); 4APH Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2404, 1939, NSW; BOCP 569, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1963); tv technician (Sylvania, NSW, 1968); acting superintendent (Fern Tree Gully, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

===''HAZARD''===

* [[/Cleveland Tidcombe Hazard|Hazard, Cleveland Tidcombe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BS-QML] - 1897(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XNT Melbourne (Brighton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, 4th Field Artillery, medically discharged, multiple gunshot wounds, 1915-1918 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murrabit, Vic, 1919-1927); clerk (Glen Innes, NSW, 1930-1932); accountant (Merewether, NSW, 1933-1937); civil servant (Toxteth, NSW, 1943); public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HAZLETT''===

* [[/Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett|Hazlett, Royce Stanley Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXX4-F38] - 1932(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4ZRH Brisbane (Wellers Hill, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1159, 1961, Qld - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4EO Stanley Albert Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1963); electrical contractor (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1968-1972); contractor (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley Albert Hazlett|Hazlett, Stanley Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC33-RH7] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4EO Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 4ZRH Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1925-1928); buyer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''HEARPS''===

* Hearps, David Edward - See David Edward Vaughan (change of name)

===''HEATH''===

* [[/Allan Harry Heath|Heath, Allan Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y4-4DT] - 1914(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5ZX Adelaide (Prospect Park, 1934-1939; Highgate, 1947-1956; Brighton, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1369, 1934, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''HEATHERS''===

* [[/Cyril John Heathers|Heathers, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XN-NG9] - 1909(Eng)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2GZ Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1934); 2UA Sydney (Bankstown, 1935-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 615, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bankstown, 1930-1943); telephone engineer (Artarmon, 1949-1968); engineer (Artarmon, 1977-1980) - Comment: 2GZ callsign likely withdrawn by PMGD for 2GZ Orange commercial

===''HEAVEY''===

* [[/John Aloysius Heavey|Heavey, John Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS8F-RNN] - 1894(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2XK Sydney (Maroubra, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1916, NSW (Marconi); COCP1 40, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Wellington, NZ, 1919); wireless worker (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless industry (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); technician (OTC Radio Receiving Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''HEDLEY''===

* [[/Charles Hedley|Hedley, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54F-R7Z] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1933; Mayfield, 1935-1938); 2MT Wollongong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1174, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930-1934; Mayfield, NSW, 1935-1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1968; Mngrtn, 1977; Wollongong West, NSW, 1980)

===''HEEPS''===

* [[/Frank William Heeps|Heeps, Frank William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y3-MPG] - 1911(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3ADX Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2362, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Richmond South, Vic, 1934-1936); brass finisher (Richmond, Vic, 1937); metal worker (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HEHIR''===

* [[/William James Hehir|Hehir, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYYL-PY2] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3RE Melbourne (Kew, 1935-1939, 1947); 3RE Hamilton (1948-1980+); 3ARE Mobile/Portable Hamilton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1520, 1935, Vic; BOCP 150, 1938; AIR3 6, 1938; AIR2 8, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); pilot (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1949-1968); engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HEILBRONN''===

* [[/George Heilbronn|Heilbronn, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJHL-PW3] - 1894(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4GG Chinchilla (1929-1939); 4GG Yarraman (1946-1955); 4GG Crows Nest (1956); 4GG Millmerran (1960); 4GG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 565, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Qld Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fireman (Chinchilla, 1925-1937); locomotive driver (Yarraman, 1954); engine driver (Millmerran, 1943-1958); retired (Wynnum, 1963-1968)

===''HEIMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Heimann|Heimann or Heiman Von Koenigswerter, Theodore Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSZ-JXK] - 1910(SA)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TH Wagga Wagga (1935-1937); 2TH Sydney (Hurstone Park, 1938-1939); 2TH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2TH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1948-1950; Bondi, 1954-1969); 2TH Newcastle (Lorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optometrist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1931-1937); radio technician (Urana, NSW, 1949); secretary (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (North Maitland, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HEINE''===

* [[/John Frederick Heine|Heine, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VS-V1F] - 1908(Tas)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 7JK Hobart (City, 1927; Bellerive, 1931); 4JX Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1933; Ascot, 1935; Kangaroo Point, 1937; Mowbray Park, 1938-1939); 3JF Melbourne (Beaumaris) (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 355, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934; Norman Park, Qld, 1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); representative (Beaumaris, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HEINECKE''===

* [[/Heinrich Victor Heinecke|Heinecke, Heinrich Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJ7-SF9] - 1889(Vic)-1971(SA) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912); engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1914); electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1919; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1942)

===''HEINRICH''===

* [[/William Latimer Heinrich|Heinrich, William Latimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG5-S7Y] - 1917(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5HR Bute (1934-1939); 5HR Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1376, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmhand (Bute, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HEITSCH''===

* [[/Henry John Keith Heitsch|Heitsch, Henry John Keith or Heinrich Johann]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CV-QYP] - 1907(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 3HK Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1939, 1947-1975); 4AHK Scarness (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 516, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: piano fitter (Mitcham, 1931-1954); technician (Mitcham, 1963-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1980)

===''HELLAWELL''===

* [[/Francis Herbert Hellawell|Hellawell, Francis Herbert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK5G-478] - 1885(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio clubs (member, WIQ); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, 1913-1914; Coorparoo, 1919; East Annerley, 1925; Annerley, 1929-1934); clerk (Brisbane City, 1937); no occupation (Beachmere, 1943-1949; Annerley, 1954-1958)

===''HELLICAR''===

* [[/Geoffrey Charles Hellicar|Hellicar, Geoffrey Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWD-5M8] - 1916(???)-1932(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 928, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HELLYER''===

* [[/Leicester Henry Hellyer|Hellyer, Leicester Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFNW-BTC] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Rockdale, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 600, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Rockdale, 1930-1933; Manly, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936-1937; Willoughby, 1943; Artarmon, 1949-1963; Newport, 1968-1977)

===''HENDERSON''===

* [[/Frederick James Henderson|Henderson, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-XRX] - 1891(Eng)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 208, 1916 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/S. A. Henderson|Henderson, S. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JN Adelaide (Walkerville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HENLEY''===

* [[/Clarence Henley|Henley, Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQ9-Z2S] - 1887(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJCC Melbourne (Clayton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual is best fit but not fully identified (Licensed as CHH rather than CH) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1912-1913); farmer (Milawa, Vic, 1922); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1924-1937)

===''HENNESSEY''===

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] - 1896(Qld)-19?? - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcasters - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld

===''HENRIQUES''===

* [[/Frederick Lester Henriques|Henry, Frederick Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W1P-SBF] - 1883(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2FH Sydney (Hunter's Hill &amp; Motor Launch Amohine) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1936; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937-1943)

===''HENRY''===

* [[/Arthur Geddes Henry|Henry, Arthur Geddes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4QW-K9Z] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK Sydney (Sandringham, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 494, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Sandringham, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (San Souci, NSW, 1949-1963; Northbridge, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Clement John Henry|Henry, Clement John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6T-RPC] - 1905(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Uralla (1923); 2CH Uralla (1924-1929); 2UR Uralla (1930-1939); 2UR Blakehurst (1946); 2UR Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 85, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Withdrawal: 2CH callsign withdrawn in 1930 for 2CH Sydney - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Uralla, 1930-1937); electrical fitter (RAAF Richmond, 1943); technician (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954; Pymble, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Edwin Henry|Henry, John Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL6B-GD6] - 1868(Vic)-1933(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Receive Mt Alford via Boonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: baker (Gundy, NSW, 1913); farmer (Boonah, Qld, 1917-1921); storekeeper (Mt Alford, Qld, 1922-1926); baker (Dayboro, Qld, 1928; Wondai, Qld, 1931)

* [[/Raymond Cherrington Henry|Henry, Raymond Cherrington &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-C1Y] - 1894(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5CY Cook (1935-1939); 5RY Adelaide (Goodwood, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1421, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Son, also named RCH, passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles Henry|Henry, Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNW-VF7] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AGC Tamworth (1937-1939); 2GZ Griffith (1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1890, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Hanwood, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Griffith, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''HENTZE''===

* [[/Phillip Raoul Hentze|Hentze, Phillip Raoul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2C-9RP] - 1905(Germany)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Sydney (Killara, 1927-1928); 2RN Sydney (Manly, 1933; Darling Point, 1935-1936; Killara, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 326, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool buyer (Killara, NSW, 1930; Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Killara, NSW, 1937); Commonwealth wool appraiser (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943-1949); wool buyer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1963); director (Palm Beach, NSW, 1972); manager (Palm Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HENWOOD''===

* [[/Ralph Franklin Henwood|Henwood, Ralph Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89X-CF6] - 1912(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6RL Perth (North Perth, 1930-1933; Claremont, 1937); 6RL Northam (1946-1948); 2AXA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1960-1961); 6RL Perth (Claremont, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 720, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 2, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Claremont, 1936); radio operator (6AM) (Northam, 1937); radio technician (Northam, 1943-1949; Claremont, 1954); technician (Bellevue Hill, 1958; Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977)

===''HEPTON''===

* [[/William Dean Hepton|Hepton, William Dean &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRBB-VN5] - 1898(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4WD Brisbane (Milton, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 918, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, instructor 1932-1935) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1921; Milton, Qld, 1925-1963)

===''HERD''===

* [[/James Kinross Herd|Herd, James Kinross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-YSQ] - 1901(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JK Baccus Marsh (1924-1927); 3JK Wangaratta (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 3JK Mornington (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 36, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: surgeon dentist (Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1924-1928); dentist (Wangaratta, Vic, 1937-1954); dental surgeon (Frankston, Vic, 1963)

===''HERMAN''===

* [[/Leonard George Herman|Herman or Hermann, Leonard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2Q-LW1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3NF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1905, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HERMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Hermann|Hermann, Theodore Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1239, 1934, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HERSCHEL''===

* [[/Henry Victor Herschel|Herschel, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N6-76H] - 1902(Qld)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4UK Cairns (1929-1931); 4UK Toowoomba (1933); 4UK Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 564, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1925; Cairns, 1930; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937)- Comment: Passed too soon

===''HESKETH''===

* [[/John Hesketh|Hesketh, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2B-YFT] - 1868(Eng)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XJEB Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; senior state public servant (Qld electrical engineer); senior federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer); military (Royal Engineers, Eng; Qld Defence Force, lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1917) - Links: [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/John_Hesketh IEE Bio]; [http://www.consuleng.com.au/Early%20Automatic%20Telephony%20in%20Australia%20-%20Moynihan%201985.pdf Automatic Telephony]

===''HEWITT''===

* [[/Archibald John Hewitt|Hewitt, Archibald John &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DZ-TNY] - 1910(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939); 5XK Kingscote (1946-1948); 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1954; College Park, 1955-1956; Lucindale, 1960; Semaphore, 1965-1969; Ottaway, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 582, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Kingscote, 1939-1941)

* [[/Clarence Richard Hewitt|Hewitt, Clarence Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6D1-718] - 1900(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Brisbane (Rosalie, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1919); student (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1921-1926); moulder (Rosalie, Qld, 1928); carpenter (Rosalie, Qld, 1936-1943; Indooroopilly, Qld, 1949); hotel manager (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Colin Frederick Hewitt|Hewitt, Colin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-F2K] - 1928(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CT Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1948-1955; Blair Athol, 1956-1965; Prospect, 1969; Banksia Park, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2819, 1948, SA; BOCP 1344, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Hewitt|Hewitt, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-PMC] - 1909(Vic)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2074, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 10th Squadron, 1939-1941, passed flying battle, 2nd wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: postal (Caulfield East, Vic, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721780 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325082 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/796889 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Horace Thomas Hewitt|Hewitt, Horace Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MN6S-JBL] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PD Brisbane (Moorooka, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2377, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hodgson, Qld, 1925; Bowen, Qld, 1930); mechanic (Roma, Qld, 1936-1937); turner (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Thomas George Hewitt|Hewitt, Thomas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-PLM] - 1900(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 4TH Cairns (1937-1939); 2LH Lismore (1946-1961); 2ATG Lennox Head (1955-1961) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cairns, Qld, 1930-1943; Lismore, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''HEY''===

* [[/Eric Charles Hey|Hey, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-9NK] - 1916(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP N2736, 1987, NSW; AOCP N1874, 1988 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); student (Coogee, NSW, 1954-1958); dental surgeon (Coogee, NSW, 1968); dentist (Coogee, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/hey-eric-charles-16914 Obituaries Australia]

===''HIAM''===

* [[/Robert Charles Hiam|Hiam, Robert Charles &quot;Charles&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCT-14T] - 1888(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XLD Melbourne (Balaclava, 1913-1914); 3LW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1931; Caulfield North, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 174, 1915 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tailor (St Kilda, 1913-1928; Caulfield, 1931-1968); retired (Beaumaris, 1972-1980)

===''HIBBERT''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Hibbert|Hibbert, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R2-Y8N] - 1899(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Cootamundra (1929-1935) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 391, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ermington, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Gwendolyn near Budgewoi, NSW, 1972; Samarinda Point, NSW, 1980)

===''HICKS''===

* [[/Charles McCall Hicks|Hicks, Charles McCall &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-L88] - 1921(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1938-1939, 1946-1955; Whale Beach, 1956-1958); 2ADV Forster (1960-1965); 2ADV Sydney (Avalon, 1969; Palm Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2097, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1942); cutter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1949); director (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); company director (Forster, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Henry Joseph Hicks|Hicks, Henry Joseph &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QG-RRR] - 1913(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 1HH Macquarie Island (1955-1956); 4HG Willis Island (1963); 9HG Lae, New Guinea (1965-1969); 4HG Tolga (1975-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 2468, 1941, Qld; 1COCP 784, 1944 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: letterpress machinist (Cairns, 1936-1937); printer (Newtown, 1943); radio officer (Broome, 1963); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1972); retired (Tolga, 1977-1980) - Awards: BEM (1958, Officer in Charge, Radio Weather Reporting Station, Willis Islets)

===''HIGGINBOTHAM''===

* [[/Ronald William Higginbotham|Higginbotham, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5V-6KQ] - 1915(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (Ashburton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2149, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); linotyper (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Ashburton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HIGGINS''===

* [[/Charles Sherlock Higgins|Higgins, Charles Sherlock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WK-X4K] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Pendle Hill, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Wentworthville, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1160, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); research engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Gordon Conway Higgins|Higgins, John Gordon Conway &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD45-FKK] - 1884(NSW)-1963(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 29, 1914 - wireless telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, 1910-1912); radio engineer (Prahran, 1925-1927); manufacturer (St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); soldier (Caulfield, 1942); military duties (South Yarra, 1949); retired (Dromana, 1954; Sorrento, 1963)

* [[/Murray William Higgins|Higgins, Murray William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZV-LT8] - 1920(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5QM Adelaide (North Unley, 1947; Parkside, 1948; Harcourt Gardens, 1954; Panorama, 1965-1969); 5AQM Adelaide (Panorama, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2260, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1943)

===''HIGGS''===

* [[/Arthur John Higgs|Higgs, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBF-919] - 1904(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2GY Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1931-1939); 2GY Sydney (Bayview, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP N321, 1975, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1928); astronomer (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1931-1937); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); research officer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1949-1954); secretary (West Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bayview, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HILDER''===

* [[/Henry Edward Hilder|Hilder, Henry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVWH-4VK] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4HH Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1946-1948; Nudgee, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 69, 1946, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, Signals, 1940-1947); employment (Brisbane Fire Brigade, communications) - Halcyon: says AOCP Brisbane 1936 but no record - Electoral Rolls: storeman (East Brisbane, Qld, 1941-1949); fireman (Nudgee, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Hilder|Hilder, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF8-1PY] - 1902(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AFT Bourke (1937-1939); 2AFT Hillston (1946-1948); 2AFT Trida (1950-1961); 2AFT Quirindi (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1848, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Bourke, NSW, 1930); station manager (Fort Bourke Station, Bourke, 1936-1943; Hunthawang, Hillston, NSW, 1949); grazier (Cogie via Trida, NSW, 1954-1963; Fintona, Quirindi, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Quirindi, NSW, 1977)

===''HILDYARD''===

* [[/Athol David Hildyard|Hildyard, Athol David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-TBD] - 1919(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7DH Hobart (City, 1936-1939, 1948; Montagu Bay, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1735, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; 1AOCP 50, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Hobart South, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Montagu Bay, 1954)

===''HILL''===

* [[/Alfred Wyatt Hill|Hill, Alfred Wyatt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Y-5VM] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Stanley Hill|Hill, Arthur Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-FRC] - 1906(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6AH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1985, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Husband of 6MH Mary Lilian Hill nee - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wiluna, WA, 1931); engineer (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1949); business manager (Wiluna, WA, 1954-1963); retired (West Busselton, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frederick John Hill|Hill, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-1J5] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TY Kurri Kurri (1929-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 500, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Pelaw Main, 1930; Stanford Merthyr, 1934; Kurri Kurri, 1936-1937); winding driver (Kurri Kurri, 1968)

* [[/G. M. Hill|Hill, G. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9GM Rabaul (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Hunter Hill|Hill, Jack Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-18Y] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADT Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADT Sydney (Belmore, 1946); 2ADT Cessnock (1947-1954); 2ADT Inverell (1955-1965); 2ADT Port Macquarie (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1739, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1931-1933; Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943; Aberdare, NSW, 1949-1954; Inverell, NSW, 1958-1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Hill|Hill, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-7NX] - 1922(SA)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3AJN Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1956; Hawthorn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2367, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1954; Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1977; Kew, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Mary Lilian XXXX|Hill nee , Mary Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-JZY] - 1906(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6MH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6MH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1976, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 6AH Arthur Stanley Hill - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/R. F. Hill|Hill, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAU Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HILLHOUSE''===

* [[/James Reid Hillhouse|Hillhouse, James or James Reid]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-YZJ] - 1907(Sct)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4ZO Collinsville (1933-1939, 1947-1975); 4ZO Bowen (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1115, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coal miner (Collinsville, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Gladstone, Qld, 1977)

===''HILTON''===

* [[/William Edward Hilton|Hilton, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPR-P1K] - 1876(???)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XEQ Sydney (St Leonards, 1913-1914); 2BA Receive Sydney (Crows Nest, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Newtown, 1903); postmaster (Stockton, 1930-1932; Kurri Kurri, 1934-1936); retired (Long Jetty, 1943-1949)

===''HINE''===

* [[/Francis Thomas Hine|Hine, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBY-3SZ] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2QL Sydney (Campsie, 1935-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1434, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, 1930-1931; Temora, 1932-1935); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1936-1937; Concord, 1943); radio officer (Homebush, 1954-1958; Strathfield West, 1968; Homebush, 1977-1980)

===''HINTON''===

* [[/Wilfred Frank Hinton|Hinton, Wilfred Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VL7-X3G] - 1887(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XAAL Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 5th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, Private, Lieut, Captain, 1915-1917) - Relationships: brother of 2FI Receive Ronald Stewart Hinton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wagga Wagga, 1913) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2202474 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Ronald Stewart Hinton|Hinton, Ronald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-NJJ] - 1896(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 94, 1932, NSW - amateur receiver - Relationships: brother of XAAL Wilfred Frank Hinton - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1943); technician (Clareville, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1977)

===''HIPWELL''===

* [[/Ronald Anson Le Hunt Hipwell|Hipwell, Ronald Anson Le Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HJ-SMM] - 1902(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Swan Hill (1929-1933); 2ACD Broken Hill (1937-1939); 3ACD Melbourne (Dromana, 1955-1956); 5AJ Port Augusta (1960-1965); 3AEI Melbourne (Dromana, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 486, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 140, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1925); electrical engineer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1943); radio electrical fitter (Dromana, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Dromana, Vic, 1972)

===''HIRSCH''===

* [[/Jacob Alexander Hirsch|Hirsch or Deerson, Jacob or Jakob Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZX-RZ3] - 1896(Aus)-1979(Aus) - Licences: 2AE Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Oatley, 1930-1937); clerk (Canberra, 1949); no occupation (Pambula Beach, 1954-1972; Merimbula, 1977)

===''HITCHCOCK''===

* [[/Leith Fuller Hitchcock|Hitchcock, Leith Fuller]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWC-Y61] - 1897(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4LH Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1931-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bacteriologist (Wooloowin, 1921-1936); research officer (Wooloowin, 1943-1949)

===''HOAD''===

* [[/C. M. Hoad|Hoad, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 319, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Individual not yet identified

===''HOAR''===

* [[/John Cecil Hoar|Hoar, John Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVKW-HND] - 1900(Eng)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6OR Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1939; Mosman Park, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 786, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Barracks, Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931; East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, WA, 1949-1963)

===''HOARE''===

* [[/Peter Hoare|Hoare, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99K-6N4] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2PH Gosford (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 82, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Eastwood, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Girraween, NSW, 1936-1943); signalman (Harris Park, NSW, 1949; Fairfield, NSW, 1954; Auburn, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Pierce Mark Hoare|Hoare, Pierce Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G8-XMV] - 1895(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SL Lismore (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1227, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Cyclist Corps &amp; Machine Gun Co, 1916-1919); radio clubs (Richmond River Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1937); radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1958); no occupation (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOBART-DUFF''===

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Hobart-Duff, William Vere see Duff, William Vere Hobart]]

===''HOBBS''===

* [[/Ivor Melville Hobbs|Hobbs, Ivor Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8R-524] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 6DO Merredin (!938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2202, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine-driver (Merredin, WA, 1936-1943); ice manufacturer (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''HOBCROFT''===

* [[/Hurtle Horace Hobcroft|Hobcroft, Hurtle Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-G5T] - 1899(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5RE Adelaide (West Brunswick, 1928); 5RE Renmark (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 5RE Adelaide (Linden Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 420, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Relationships: Father of Rex Kelvin Hobcroft - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, 1925-1926; Brunswick West, 1928); horticulturalist (Renmark, 1939-1943)

===''HOBLER''===

* [[/Cecil Forde Hobler|Hobler, Cecil Forde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Q-TK9] - 1899(Qld)-1964(PNG) - Licences: 4HR Barcaldine (ca 1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: cousin of 4DO Harold Learmonth Hobler - Electoral Rolls: student (Rockhampton, Qld, 1921); solicitor (Barcaldine, Qld, 1925-1937) - TroveTag &quot;4HR - Cecil Forde Hobler&quot; 

* [[/Harold Learmonth Hobler|Hobler, Harold Learmonth &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKZ-8N1] - 1906(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 1217 Rockhampton (1921-1924); 4DO Receive Rockhampton (1923-1924); 4DO Rockhampton (1925-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 110, 1925, No. 12 in Qld; CPRT 1003, 1928 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, JOTA); business proprietor (picture theatre); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - QSLs: Remnant of QSL collection (250+) acquired ex Ebay by SSD &amp; donated to NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Cousin of Cecil Forde Hobler - Electoral Rolls: theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1930-1937); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1943); soldier (Bulimba, 1943); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1949); theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1958-1963); property owner (Rockhampton North, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;1217-4DO - Harold Learmonth Hobler&quot;

===''HOCKING''===

* [[/Edward John Hocking|Hocking, Edward John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK9-XC9] - 1898(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AIE Sydney (Hornsby, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2004, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hornsby, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Harry Hocking|Hocking, Harry or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-DZ4] - 1920(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AMG Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939); 2HH Sydney (Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2225, NSW; COCP2 661, 1942; COCP1 699, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Campsie, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HODDER''===

* [[/Clarence William Hodder|Hodder, Clarence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLK-ZRC] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5LY Adelaide (Parkside, 1934-1939, 1947; Bridgewater, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1354, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Hodder|Hodder, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD2L-6LY] - 1917(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Bondi North, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1437, 1935, NSW; AIR3 1010, 1947; BOCP 1078, 1949; COCP2 1204, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Bondi, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Ivan Reynall Hodder|Hodder, Ivan Reynall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX73-HKS] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RH Glenorchy (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 471, 1919 (Marconi); COCP1 417, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (applied 1AIF, 1918, discharged due to demob); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk at time of enlistment 1918; radio engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925); farmer (&quot;Eromanga&quot;, Glenorchy, Vic, 1931); aeradio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); examiner (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954; Deepdene, Vic, 1958-1963; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968); retired (Myrtleford, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODDINOTT''===

* [[/Francis William Hoddinott|Hoddinott, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4Q-3X7] - 1886(Vic)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Eagle Junction, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockville Estate, Toowoomba, Qld, 1908; Toowoomba, Qld, 1912; Sandgate, Qld, 1919; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1921-1943; West End, 1949); retired (Tamborine Mountain, Qld, 1958-1963; Hendra, Qld, 1968)

===''HODGE''===

* [[/Herbert Gibson Hodge|Hodge, Herbert Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYT-MZ8] - 1910(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1202, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1934-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1967); mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODGES''===

* [[/Ronald Albert Hodges|Hodges, Ronald Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDB-YFC] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3HO Melbourne (Merlynston, 1932-1937; Pascoe Vale South, 1938-1939, 1947-1975); 3HO Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 875, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tinsmith (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); winder (Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1977); retired (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Charles Hunting Hodges|Hodges, Wilfred Charles Hunting]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-P5X] - 1895(Vic)-1949(Qld) - Licences: XPS Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 639, 1921; 2COCP 7, 1929; 1COCP 122, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1925); radio (Malvern East, Vic, 1928); radio telegraphist (Sunshine, Vic, 1931); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); senior radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''HODGKINS''===

* [[/Ernest Paradine Hodgkins|Hodgkins, Ernest Paradine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGTW-ZBW] - 1899(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2EH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1934-1939); 2EH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2EH Avoca Beach (1948-1961); 2EH Narara (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1262, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930); teacher (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937; Avoca Beach, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Narara, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HODGKINSON''===

* [[/Francis Charles Hodgkinson|Hodgkinson, Francis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBM-J4S] - 1906(???)-1977(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: jeweller's assistant (Ulverstone, 1928-1949); watchmaker (Ulverstone, 1954)

===''HODSON''===

* [[/Victor Hodson|Hodson, Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-DV2] - 1890(SA)-1917(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 145, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HOE''===

* [[/Frederick Hoe|Hoe, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS4Q-CSG] - 1886(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer; business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Father of 4FO Fred Hoe - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fortitude Valley, Qld, 1913; Yeronga, Qld, 1916-1919); manager (Yeronga, Qld, 1921-1972)

* [[/Fred Hoe|Hoe, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G796-MWK] - 1913(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4FO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1933-1939; Annerley, 1946-1954) -  Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 53, 1931; AOCP 1188, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Edgar V. Hudson); business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Son of Frederick Hoe - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Yeronga, Qld, 1936-1937); general manager (Annerley, Qld, 1949); business manager (Salisbury, Qld, 1954); manager (Buranda, Qld, 1954-1963; Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968); company director (Holland Park West, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''HOGAN''===

* [[/Thomas David Hogan|Hogan, Thomas David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWC-ZSN] - 1913(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3HX Charlton (1935-1939); 3HX Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1960); 3HX Cottles Bridge (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1573, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Charlton, Vic, 1935-1936); journalist (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Dromana, Vic, 1958); manager (Cottles Bridge, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Martin Joseph Hogan|Hogan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMW-GZX] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KX Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 872, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Turramurra, NSW, 1930; North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1937); public servant (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1954); clerk (Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Thomas Kevin Hogan|Hogan, Thomas Kevin]] - 1914(WA)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2066, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Claremont, WA, 1936); junior observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1937); examiner of patents (Reid, ACT, 1943); research officer (Penshurst, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cooma, NSW, 1958); university director (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1963-1968); professor (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOGG''===

* [[/Stanley Hogg|Hogg, Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TCR] - 1908(Eng)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6SG Harvey (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1382, 1934, WA; BOCP 142, 1938; 2COCP 240, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: milk tester (Harvey, WA, 1930-1937); radio operator (AAMS Wireless Station, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949); aircraft engineer (Kewdale, WA, 1954-1968; Belmont, WA, 1972); retired (Coodanup, WA, 1977; Mandurah, WA, 1980)

===''HOLDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Timms Holden|Holden, Stanley Timms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBNZ-T2Y] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Kew, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2120, 1938, Vic; BOCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew North, Vic, 1949); civil servant (Kew North, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''HOLDER''===

* [[/Edward Gascoyne Holder|Holder, Edward Gascoyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X3-3KW] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: XJCA Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1922-1926); salesman (Auburn, Vic, 1926-1928); manager (Auburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); proprietor sports store (Camperdown, Vic, 1937); salesman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972); retired (Balwyn, Vic, 1977)

===''HOLLAND''===

* [[/Albert John Evan Holland|Holland, Albert John Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-VBH] - 1896(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 12, 1924, No. 3 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 3JH Frank Henry James Holland - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925; Essendon, 1926); engineer (Essendon, 1928-1931; Camberwell, 1936-1954); nil (Nunawading, 1963)

* [[/Charles Ernest Holland|Holland, Charles Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNGN-7DF] - 1891(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: XKZ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Troop) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CEH - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1919); mechanic (St Kilda West, Vic, 1921-1937; Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943); engineer (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1958); retired (St Kilda North, Vic, 1967) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/199059 VWMA]

* [[/Clive Holland|Holland, Clive &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-QQV] - 1918(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XC Maryborough (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2075, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical wireman (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio servicer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank Henry James Holland|Holland, Frank Henry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-S1W] - 1899(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 596, 1920 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well placed in Trans-Pacific Tests 1923 despite inferior equipment - Relationships: brother of 3JH Albert John Evan Holland - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925); boot repairer (Essendon, 1926-1928); labourer (North Essendon, 1931); boot repairer (Olinda, 1934-1943); postal clerk (Sandringham, 1949); clerk (Heidelberg, 1954-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;3JH - Frank Henry James Holland&quot;

* [[/Ronald Weymouth Holland|Holland, Ronald Weymouth &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJJ7-171] - 1914(SA)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4AQ Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2392, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); departmental manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HOLLOWAY''===

* [[/William Hart Holloway|Holloway, William Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-HRT] - 1876(Eng)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 20, 1914; 1COCP 41, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1909; Whitemark, Flinders Island, 1914-1919); wireless operator (Broome, 1918-1922); O.J.C. Radio (Camberwell, 1924-1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, 1928); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Emita, Flinders Island, 1936-1937); farmer (Lady Barron, 1943-1949)

===''HOLMAN''===

* [[/Charles William Russell Holman|Holman, Charles William Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD7-PZR] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6HM Perth (Wembley Park, 1939, 1947); 6HM Boulder (1948); 1HM Cocos Island (1954-1955); 6HM Narrogin (1955); 3AHX Melbourne (East Kew, 1956); 8AS Darwin (Fanny Bay, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2340, 1939, WA; BOCP 443, 1942; AOCP1 47, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: steel worker (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Brown Hill, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); observer (Fannie Bay, NT, 1958-1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); technician (Innaloo, WA, 1968-1980)

===''HOLMES''===

* [[/Douglas Edward Holmes|Holmes, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYQ-ML2] - 1906(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2MX Dubbo (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 981, 1932, NSW; BOCP 14, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Dubbo, NSW, 1930); salesman (Dubbo, NSW, 1932-1937); broadcasting engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943); manager radio station (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1949-1963); clerk (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Noel Arthur Holmes|Holmes, Noel Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB2-TRG] - 1893(NSW)-1966(Qld) - Licences: XEU Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Marconi operator, SS Benalla, 1914; WW1 (Army, 2nd Signals Troop, 1916; Air Flying Corps, 1917-1918, Awarded British War Medal); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); sales manager (Manly, NSW, 1930); poulterer (Mosman, NSW, 1932-1934); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); salesman (Dee Why, NSW, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); retired (Manly, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Victor Ashforth Holmes|Holmes, Victor Ashforth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRB-HB5] - 1899(Qld)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AKP Moree (1938-1939); 2AKP Newcastle (Maitland East, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2188, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Murrurundi, NSW, 1930; Quirindi, NSW, 1931); night officer (Minnimbah, NSW, 1934); railway employee (Glen Innes, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (East Maitland, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HOLSCHIER''===

* [[/Joseph Holschier|Holschier, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRBM-1XK] - 1917(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2AKA Moira (1938-1939); 3HM Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1947; Richmond, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2125, 1938, NSW; BOCP 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HOLST''===

* [[/Arnold Owen Holst|Holst, Arnold Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-ZPD] - 1898(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XPH Melbourne (Caulfield, 1913-1914); 3OH Melbourne (Toorak, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY); electrician - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: sharebroker (Camberwell, 1922-1934; Toorak, 1935-1972)

* [[/Hector James Holst|Holst, Hector James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-X23] - 1903(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1954) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, 1925-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3BY - Hector James Holst&quot;

* [[/Otto Holst|Holst, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-2M7] - 1906(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1955-1967) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 79, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY) - took over 3BY callsign after passing of brother Hector James Holst in 1954 - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Caulfield, 1928-1963)

===''HOLSTEN''===

* [[/Frank Dawson Holsten|Holsten, Frank Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV76-V7P] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)92yo - Licences: 5LK Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1947; Unley Park, 1948; Kings Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2166, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak Gardens, SA, 1939); RAAF (Unley Park, SA, 1941)

===''HOLT''===

* [[/Bernard Molineux Holt|Holt, Bernard Molineux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQR-MJP] - 1883(NZ)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president WIA WA; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA WA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1910-1914; Osborne, 1917-1954)

* [[/Reginald Allen Holt|Holt, Reginald Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3N-2Z9] - 1906(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2HW Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1936); 2HW Tahmoor (1937-1939); 2HW Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1961; Padstow, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 297, 1930; COCP1 169, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1935); wireless officer (Tahmoor, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1954); technician (Padstow, 1963-1972)

===''HOMBERG''===

* [[/S. G. Homberg|Homberg, S. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (Malvern, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HONNOR''===

* [[/John Morten Honnor|Honnor, John Morten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNV-ZM6] - 1900(SA)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 5AE Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 192, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1941); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); instructor (Hampton, 1949; Bentleigh, 1954-1980)

===''HOOBIN''===

* [[/Laurence William Hoobin|Hoobin, Laurence or Lawrence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1X7-VMG] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939; Oakleigh, 1947; Bentleigh, 1948; South Caulfield, 1954-1956); 3AQH Melbourne (Sassafras, 1956); 4VH Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1960); 3VH Melbourne (North Clayton, 1965); 6VH Perth (Applecross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1647, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Alphington, Vic, 1927); manager (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Clayton North, Vic, 1963); retired (Applecross, Vic, 1968)

===''HOOD''===

* [[/John George Hamilton Hood|Hood, John George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G772-RK8] - 1904(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3BP Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3BP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 182, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (East St Kilda, 1925-1931); draughtsman (Toorak, 1934-1937; Malvern, 1943-1967)

===''HOOK''===

* [[/George Charles Hook|Hook, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPYK-WW5] - 1895(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XADC Sydney (Kogarah, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Bombadier, 14th Field Artillery Brigade, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: checking officer (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1933); Commonwealth Public Servant (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934-1936; Cowra, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); stipendiary magistrate (Haberfield, NSW, 1949)

===''HOOKE''===

* [[/Lionel George Alfred Hooke|Hooke, Lionel George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NK-KDV] - 1895(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 3M? Melbourne - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 529, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, early wireless experimenter, ship wireless operator (Aurora, 1914, support Shackleton's expedition), radio clubs (IRE Aust), business (AWA, senior management), honours (knighted, 1937) - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927); business manager (Neutral Bay, 1933); manager (Killara, NSW, 1936-1972) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hooke-sir-lionel-george-alfred-10536 ADB]

===''HOOKER''===

* [[/Walter Theodore Hooker|Hooker, Walter Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1W-QB5] - 1901(St Kitts)-1949(Tas) - Licences: 7JH Hobart (New Town, 1933-1939); 7JH Waddamanna (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1161, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart North, 1922); electrical engineer (New Town, 1928); electrician (New Town, 1936); engineer (Waddamanna, 1937-1943)

===''HOOPER''===

* [[/Allan Wallbank Hooper|Hooper, Allan Wallbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8M-VJG] - 1898(SA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 432, 1919; 2COCP 8, 1929; 1COCP 127, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: unemployed (Manly, NSW, 1949); telegraphist (Little Bay, NSW, 1949; Yarra Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Charles Joseph Hooper|Hooper, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY1-9ZC] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AGB Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 98, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Concord, NSW, 1943); hotel proprietor (Australian Hotel, Yass, NSW, 1949-1958); public servant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Edgar Maxwell Hooper|Hooper, Edgar Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZV-CD1] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3MM Melbourne (Burwood, 1933; Auburn, 1937-1939); 3SX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 795, 1923; 2COCP 117, 1930; 1COCP 109, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Burwood, Vic, 1931); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1954); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Ronald George Hooper|Hooper, Ronald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94J2-QS5] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5NL Adelaide (Stepney, 1947-1948; Mile End, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2395, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HOPE''===

* [[/Donald Vinten Hope|Hope, Donald Vinten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XF-VBK] - 1922(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Armadale, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1955; Blackburn, 1956; Mt Waverley, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2430, 1940, Vic; BOCP 419, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Mitcham, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lyndsay Arthur Hope|Hope, Lyndsay Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYX-575] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Tas) - Licences: 7LA Launceston (1925-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 188, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; WW2; gave up experimental callsign for use by his Class B licence, 7LA Launceston - Relationships: brother of 7RS Ronald Springfield Hope - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Launceston, 1928); bank officer (Ulverstone, 1936); accountant (Scottsdale, 1949; Bridport, 1954-1972)

* [[/Ronald Springford Hope|Hope, Ronald Springford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCW-PDG] - 1909(Tas)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 7RS Launceston (1926-1927); 7RS Hobart (City, 1931; Sandy Bay, 1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 263, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 75, 1932; ROCP N1832, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (designed &amp; constructed transmission systems for 7HO Hobart &amp; 7UV Ulverstone); later employed by STC England - Relationships: brother of 7LA Lyndsay Arthur Hope - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Queensborough, Tas, 1936); not specified (Finchley, Eng, 1936-1938); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HOPKINS''===

* [[/Edward Alfred Hopkins|Hopkins, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM4D-3QJ] - 1902(Tas)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Receive Moonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 4858, 1964 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Moonah, 1928); engineer (Milson's Point, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1949-1954); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1958-1980)

===''HOPWOOD''===

* [[/Gordon John Hopwood|Hopwood, Gordon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ3-D5Q] - 1916(WA)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7GJ Hobart (Hobart CBD, 1938-1939, 1947; New Town, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2207, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart, Tas, 1943; New Town, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''HORAN''===

* [[/Kevin John Horan|Horan, Kevin John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-FTZ] - 1912(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5DQ Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1931; Unley, 1933); 2AJU Broken Hill (1938-1939); 5DQ Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1947-1960; Grange, 1965-1969); 3ZD Melbourne (Glen Waverley, 1975); 5IT Adelaide (Fulham, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 672, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Glen Waverley, 1972-1977)

===''HORBURY''===

* [[/Alfred Albert Frank Horbury|Horbury, Alfred Albert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L71C-N81] - 1895(Vic)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XLC Bendigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 464, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); engineer assistant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1921-1922); draftsman (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); assistant engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Woolwich, NSW, 1934-1935); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1954)

===''HORN''===

* [[/David Horn|Horn, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS41-9K4] - 1909(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Tara (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2021, 1937, Qld; BOCP 578, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Somerset Dam, Qld, 1936-1937; Baralba, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); medical practitioner (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Irvan James Horn|Horn, Irvan James or James Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-GB6] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JH Perth (City, 1928, 1937-1939); 3HX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 427, 1928, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 29, 1935; 1COCP, 127, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Perth, WA, 1936-1937); wireless officer (Subiaco, WA, 1943); electrical contractor (Subiaco, WA, 1949); contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrical contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1963); retired (West Perth, WA, 1977; Subiaco, WA, 1980)

===''HORNBLOWER''===

* [[/Olaf Hornblower|Hornblower, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3D-L4P] - 1914(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMT Sydney (Moore Park, 1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2329, 1939, NSW; BOCP 333, 1940; COCP1 612, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Surry Hills, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''HORNE''===

* [[/Cecil Thomas Horne|Horne, Cecil Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ13-4GK] - 1900(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2AIK Sydney (Matraville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AIK West Wyalong (1948); 2AIK Huskinson (1950); 2AIK Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2005, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gundaroo, NSW, 1930; Quaama, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; West Wyalong, NSW, 1949); school teacher (Huskisson, NSW, 1949); no occupation (North Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Gaius John Horne|Horne, Ronald Gains or Gaius John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-77P] - 1918(Qld)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AGR Maryborough (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2316, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HORROCKS''===

* [[/George Samuel Blake Horrocks|Horrocks, George Samuel Blake]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF94-19M] - 1911(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 6GS Harvey (1932-1939, 1947-1948); 6GS Wagin (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 919, 1932, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1154, 1950; TVOCP 61, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Harvey, WA, 1936-1949); radio technician (Mt Lawley, WA, 1954); technician (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963)

===''HOSKEN''===

* [[/Arthur John Dryden Hosken|Hosken, Arthur John Dryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6KH-BX8] - 1889(Eng)-1966(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 727, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Williamstown, 1914-1919); Amalgamated Wireless (Darwin, 1922)

* [[/Stanley Victor Hosken|Hosken, Stanley Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HWQ-MGG] - 1894(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MP Receive Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3MP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923-1924; Surrey Hills, 1925-1933; Broadmeadows, 1934-1939; St Albans, 1946-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1965; Mitcham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 6, 1924, No. 2 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3AR, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, 1919-1924); electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1925-1931); senior mechanic PMGD (3AR station, Broadmeadows, 1936-1937); civil servant (3AR Station, St Albans, 1942-1954); nil (Hawthorn, 1963-1967; Mitcham, 1968)

===''HOSKING''===

* [[/Aubrey Piere Hosking|Hosking, Aubrey Piere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYV-D7R] - 1891(South Africa)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 376, 1918; 1COCP 117, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Townsville, 1919); telegraphist (South Yarra, Vic, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Canterbury, Vic, 1924); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1926; Balwyn, Vic, 1928; Lindfield, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''HOSKINS''===

* [[/John Stark Hoskins|Hoskins, John Stark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61K-FZ3] - 1891(NZ)-1987(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 147, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Claremont, WA, 1929)

===''HOURIGAN''===

* [[/James Broderick Hourigan|Hourigan, James Broderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFH-5J8] - 1909(WA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 3SG Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939); 3SG Port Fairy (1947-1948); 8DA NT (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1771, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937-1943); radio employee (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''HOUSEMAN''===

* [[/Austin Alfred Houseman|Houseman, Austin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLS-1HJ] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Epping, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 423, 1933; COCP1 326, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937; Fiskville, Vic, 1949); technician (Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Bassendean, WA, 1954-1958); manager (Radio Park, Applecross, WA, 1963); station manager (OTC Station, Doonside, NSW, 1968); manager (Doonside, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Hbrts Is, NSW, 1980)

===''HOUSTON''===

* [[/Archibald John Houston|Houston, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-L9Y] - 1905(Vic)-1965(SA) - Licences: 3NX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 999, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1927-1937); electrical fitter (Brighton, Vic, 1942); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949)

===''HOWARD''===

* [[/Earl Stephen Howard|Howard, Earl Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMV-XQL] - 1895(Tas)-1938(Vic) - Licences: 7ET Hobart (Moonah, 1928-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 470, 1928, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922; Moonah, 1928-1936)

===''HOWDEN''===

* [[/John Maxwell Howden|Howden, John Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2L-7LN] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: 3ZCH Melbourne (Burwood, 1956; Box Hill 1960-1975); 3BQX Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+) -  Qualifications: AOLCP 187, 1956; AOCP V610, 1979 - amateur operator - Relationships: son of 3BQ Walter Francis Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Walter Francis Maxwell Howden|Howden, Walter Francis Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G43K-1TC] - 1899(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: No 19 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1920); V140 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1921); 3BQ Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3BQ Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1927; Canterbury, 1928-1939 &amp; 1946-1975+); 3ABQ Melbourne (portable, &quot;Canterbury&quot;, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: AOCP 114, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, first to QSO USA; first to QSO England, first on telegraphy, then telephony; journalist (Listener In); Bright Star Crystals 1930s-1950s; QSLs: substantial portion of QSL collection survives at NFSA (1800+) - Relationships: father of 3ZCH/3BQX John Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls: student (Box Hill, 1924-1927); wireless engineer (Ringwood, 1928); engineer (Camberwell, 1931-1954) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199611.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199612.pdf EA2] - TroveTag: &quot;19-V140-3BQ-3ABQ - Walter Francis Maxwell Howden&quot;

===''HOWE''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Howe|Howe, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HW-L7X] - 1919(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Pagewood, 1957-1958; Gordon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2411, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); chartered engineer (Pagewood, NSW, 1958); engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harry Wesley Howe|Howe, Harry Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDX-TBM] - 1901(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2ABF Sydney (Kensington, 1936-1938; Auburn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1715, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Kensington, NSW, 1936-1937; Auburn, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/John Joseph Howe|Howe, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD83-QNG] - 1886(Irl)-1949(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 117, 1915; 1COCP 15, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Pinkenba, Qld, 1919; Moonah, Tas, 1922; New Town, Tas, 1928-1943)

* [[/Raymond Raine Howe|Howe, Raymond Raine &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHH-KJN] - 1919(Qld)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 4RH Bundaberg (1936-1939); 2ARH Sydney (Vaucluse, 1946-1955; Epping, 1956-1960); 3YH Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP 1812, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; 3AIR 1009, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); military (RAAF, career, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949); RAAF officer (Campbell, ACT, 1963); RAAF (Syndal, Vic, 1967); RAAF officer (Dickson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrawallee, NSW, 1980)

===''HOWES''===

* [[/John Wesley Howes|Howes, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-684] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ABS Sydney (Bondi, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1948; Oatley, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1611, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 29, 1946; BOCP 805, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1972); technician (Oatley, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HOWIE''===

* [[/Colin Robert Howie|Howie, Colin Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSQ-F2H] - 1913(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1211, 1933, SA; COCP2 39, 1935; COCP1 66, 1935 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Mile End, SA, 1939); radio officer (Rose Park, SA, 1941); radio engineer (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1943); radio operator (Glenelg, SA, 1943)

===''HOWLETT''===

* [[/Arthur Montague Howlett|Howlett, Arthur Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPZ-NWZ] - 1882(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 130, 1915; 2COCP 253, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Esperance, 1916); warrant officer R.A.N.R.S. (Thursday Island, 1919); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1925-1931; Clayfield, Qld, 1936); wireless operator (Clayfield, 1943-1954); retired (Clayfield, Qld, 1958)

===''HOWLING''===

* [[/Robert John Henry Howling|Howling, Robert John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS9-BV7] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3DM Receive Melbourne (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2382, 1939, Vic - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram employee (Melbourne North, Vic, 1928-1937; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942-1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''HOY''===

* [[/Augustus James Hoy|Hoy, Augustus or Augustine James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8LR-265] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GJ Warrnambool (1931-1933); 3GJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Port Melbourne, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 577, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924-1934); signwriter (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1937; North Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Innaloo North, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1977)

===''HUBAND''===

* [[/Ronald William Huband|Huband, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-QBG] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2RV Werris Creek (1933-1939); 2RV Broken Hill (1947-1975); 2AYN Sydney (Blackwall, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1235, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Werris Creek, NSW, 1935-1936); clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Ettalong, NSW, 1963)

===''HUBSHER''===

* [[/Lassalle Paul Hubsher|Hubscher or Hubsher, Lassalle Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWF-8DP] - 1913(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4UL Brisbane (Bulimba, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1578, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; Evans Deakin engineering - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); draftsman (Annerley, 1943-1968)

===''HUDSON''===

* [[/William Henry Hudson|Hudson, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4BR-1P4] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XBO Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914); 2PO Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2AR Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1922-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 18, 1924, No. 8 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1963) - Comment: beware, several contemporaneous WHHs - TroveTag: &quot;XBO-2PO-2AR - William Henry Hudson&quot;

===''HUEY''===

* [[/Richard Meredyth Huey|Huey, Richard Meredyth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WP-Y1Z] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1931; Cronulla, 1933-1937); 3UE Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1938-1939); 2AHU Sydney (Sylvania, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 437, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Cronulla, 1935-1937); army officer (Melbourne, 1943); engineer (West Pennant Hills, 1949; Pennant Hills, 1954; Edgecliff, 1958-1963; Sylvania, 1977-1980); retired (Mittagong, 1980)

===''HUGGETT''===

* [[/Walter Gordon Huggett|Huggett, Walter Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP24-33Y] - 1911(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3QI Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2433, 1940, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boot trade (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1954); radio technician (Northcote, Vic, 1963); radio tradesman (Whitfield, Vic, 1968); technician (Whitfield, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HUGGINS''===

* [[/David Roy Huggins|Huggins, David Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDW3-LXL] - 1892(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: organ builder (Petersham, 1913); piano maker (Neutral Bay, 1930-1968); builder (Cremorne, 1972)

===''HUGHES''===

* [[/Allan Hughes|Hughes, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLG-GNT] - 1918(NSW)-2018(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2AGR Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1939, 1946; Beecroft, 1947-1948); 2AGR Katoomba (1950); 2AGR Sydney (Ryde, 1954-1955; Wahroonga, 1956-1975); 2AGR Batehaven (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1899, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Batehaven, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Cedric Stuart Castlereagh Hughes|Hughes, Cedric Stuart Castlereagh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHLK-6H7] - 1893(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJDU Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 281, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, Vic, 1914; Brighton, Vic, 1924; South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1949)

* [[/Clive Alan Hughes|Hughes, Clive Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MV-3XQ] - 1900(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3CA Ararat (1927); 3CA Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 343, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Williamstown, Vic, 1924-1928); schoolmaster (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1963)

* [[/Ernest Weston Hughes|Hughes, Ernest Weston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P7-W4Q] - 1906(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 3VB Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 955, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1935); electrical fitter (Darebin, Vic, 1936); electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942); grower (Burleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Chinderah, NSW, 1958-1963; Kingscliff, NSW, 1968) 

* [[/George Herbert Hughes|Hughes, George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-4JB] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4HU Brisbane (Windsor, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1929, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: store keeper (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1937); branch manager (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); technician (Tarragindi, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Laurence William Hughes|Hughes, Laurence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPD-YWM] - 1910(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2QP Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Bankstown East, 1955-1961; Greenacre, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1226, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Oatley, NSW, 1931); chauffeur (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937); radio technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954); instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1963; Bankstown, NSW, 1968)

* [[/William Clarence Hughes|Hughes, William Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5M8-134] - 1889(Vic)-1941(NSW) - Licences: XFX Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rozelle, NSW, 1913); marine engineer (Arncliffe, NSW, 1933-1937)

* [[/William Morris Hughes|Hughes, William Morris &quot;Billy&quot;, &quot;The Little Digger&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/942Q-6YT] - 1862(Eng)-1952(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Australian politician, Prime Minister of Australia (1915-1923), oversight of Wireless Regulations 1922, influential in direction of wireless generally throughout his political career as well as specific broadcasting services - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Billy Hughes|Wikipedia]]

===''HUGO''===

* [[/Ronald William Stuart Hugo|Hugo, Ronald William Stuart or Stewart (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-CLZ] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KW Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Floreat Park, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2081, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1934); salesman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1963); manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1968-1977)

===''HULL''===

* [[/Allan Galbraith Hull|Hull, Allan Galbraith &quot;Braith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-PTY] - 1905(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist (Wireless Weekly, editor; Radio and Hobbies, editor 1939; Australasian Radio World, editor 1940-1950) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; 3JU Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1931); journalist (Northbridge, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1935-1936); engineer (Rose Bay, 1937); manager (Malvern, 1942); journalist (Mornington, 1949); publisher (Sandringham, 1954); printer (Oakleigh, 1958-1963; Chadstone, 1967-1968; Glen Iris, 1972; Mt Waverley, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Atherley Hull|Hull, Frederick Atherley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5M-MT9] - 1906(NZL)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6FH Pingrup (1930-1931); 6FH Port Hedland (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 6FH Perth (Claremont, 1960-1975; Nedlands, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CRPT 1139, 1929; 2COCP 271, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Perth, 1929); radio operator (Port Hedland, 1937-1954); unemployed (Claremont, 1958); technical officer (Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 6RH Raymond Alfred Hull

* [[/George Maxwell Hull|Hull, George Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LQ-S44] - 1916(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZS Melbourne (Canterbury, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2307, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, 1943); proprietor (Canterbury, 1949-1980)

* [[/Raymond Alfred Hull|Hull, Raymond Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP1-BSL] - 1908(NZ)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6RH Pingrup (1929-1931); 6RH Perth (Wembley, 1937; Mt Hawthorn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 558, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 590, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, 1934); traveller (Subiaco, 1949); sales director (Victoria Park, 1958-1963) - Relationships: brother of 6FH Frederick Atherley Hull

* [[/Ross Amos Hull|Hull, Ross Amos]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-P5W] - 1902(Vic)-1938(USA) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic Kew, president, 1923); journalist (Wireless Weekly, technical editor; QST, technical editor) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Comment: Gone too soon - TroveTag: &quot;3JU-2JU - Ross Amos Hull&quot; - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198902.pdf EA]

* [[/William Howard Hull|Hull, William Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WJ-723] - 1891(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 3JU Ross Amos Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Cobungra, 1914-1915); engineer (Armadale, 1921; Brighton, 1922-1931; Caulfield, 1934-1949); retired (Beaconsfield Upper, 1954)

===''HULME''===

* [[/Edwin Cuthbert Hulme|Hulme, Edwin Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D7-RF9] - 1918(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Sydney (Kensington South, 1934-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Undercliffe, 1946; Earlwood, 1947-1955; Carrs Park, 1956-1965); 2OZ Bulli (1965); 2EN Sydney (Carrs Park, 1969); 2EN Half Moon Reach (1975); 2EN Sydney (Marrickville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1409, 1934, NSW; COCP3 N1406, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio design engineer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943); manufacturing engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Carrs Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUMBERG''===

* [[/Stanley Garfield Humberg|Humberg, Stanley Garfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-Q6K] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924); sales (Brighton, Vic, 1926-1963)

===''HUME''===

* [[/Ernest James Hume|Hume, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYR-TZM] - 1869(Vic)-1929(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; son of James Hill Hume, father of Ernest Jeremy Hume

* [[/Ernest Jeremy Hume|Hume, Ernest Jeremy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-727] - 1906(SA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - chief engineer 5DN - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Unley, 1939-1941; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963; Carnegie, 1968-1977) - Relationships: grandson of James Hill Hume, son of Ernest James Hume and Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy

* [[/Geoffrey Vincent Hume|Hume, Geoffrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQCL-NM1] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Cremorne, 1927-1930); 2AMD Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2VR Sydney (Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 365, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Neutral Bay, 1930-1936; Mosman, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942); clerk (Turramurra, 1949); technical assistant (Pymble, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Hill Hume|Hume, James Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-SLD] - 1822(??)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - alleged very early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: father of Ernest James Hume; father-in-law of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; grandfather of Ernest Jeremy Hume 

* [[/Stella Leonora Harriet Jeremy|Hume nee Jeremy, Stella Leonora Harriet]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-33D] - 1882(Vic)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil -  radio announcer (early 5DN) - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Ernest James Hume; daughter-in-law of James Hill Hume; mother of Ernest Jeremy Hume

===''HUMPHREY''===

SEE ALSO HUMPHREYS, HUMPHRY, HUMPHRIES

* [[/George Henry Humphrey|Humphrey, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRT-13V] - 1905(???)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKW Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1947; Epping, 1948-1950; Eastwood, 1954; Concord, 1955-1958; St Ives, 1960-1965); 2AKW Forster (1969); 2NO Narara (1975); 2NO Sydney (Castle Hill, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2189, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1943); traveller (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1963; Forster, NSW, 1968; Narara, NSW, 1972); engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HUMPHREYS''===

* [[/Raymond Edward William Humphreys|Humphreys, Raymond Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB97-VFJ] - 1912(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939; Prahran, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1969; Chadstone, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2031, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Warrnambool, Vic, 1934); labourer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); storeman (Armadale, Vic, 1943); sales (Malvern, Vic, 1949); traveller (Highett, Vic, 1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1967); sales (Chadstone, Vic, 1977)

===''HUMPHRIES''===

* [[/John Malcolm Campbell Humphries|Humphries, John Malcolm Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9F3-1VH] - 1886(NSW)-1934(NSW) - Licences: XADN Muswellbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Muswellbrook, NSW, 1913-1934)

===''HUMPHRY''===

* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] - See Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood 4JH
* [[/Jack Lawrence Humphry|Humphry, Jack Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7M] - 1889(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JK Poopoonbah via Giru (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1349, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Husband of 4JH Innis Jane Lovett Humphry nee Spotswood - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Hodel, Ayr, Qld, 1912-1937; Poopoonbah, 1949-1954)

===''HUNT''===

* [[/George Percy Hunt|Hunt, George Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9BL-46V] - 1912(NSW)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6QJ Perth (Fremantle, 1965; Mosman Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1249, 1934, NSW; COCP3 W1485, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Military), Army, For courage &amp; ability as POW in Malaya, 1947; OBE (Military), Army, 1965 - Electoral Rolls: military officer (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1935-1937); AMF (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); soldier (Fremantle, WA, 1963); retired (Mosman Park, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Chapman Hunt|Hunt, Henry Chapman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJ2-PF2] - 1912(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2290, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Wongan Hills, WA, 1949; Victoria Park, WA, 1954; Wembley, WA, 1963); shopkeeper (Geraldton, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Duncraig, WA, 1972-1977); retired (Bayswater, WA, 1980)

* [[/Joseph Alexander Hunt|Hunt, Joseph Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-9MM] - 1912(WA)-2002(WA) - Licences: 6JA Perth (Maylands, 1938-1939); 6JD Perth (Rockingham, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2112, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1936; Maylands, WA, 1937-1949); retired (Rockingham, WA, 1972)

===''HUNTER''===

* [[/Alexander Dunbar Hunter|Hunter, Alexander Dunbar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPD3-C81] - 1907(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2ACO Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1937; Bondi, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Maimuru, NSW, 1930); fruit merchant (North Ryde, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bondi, NSW, 1932); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Reginald Anthony Desmond Hunter|Hunter, Reginald Anthony Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6D-GHW] - 1918(WA)-1942(Indonesia)23yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2406, 1939, WA - amateur operator?; WW2 (RAAF, Wireless Operator/Air Gunner, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=83398 RAF Commands]; [https://aircrewremembered.com/sattler-geoffrey.html Aircrew Remembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''HUON''===

* [[/Hume Furlong Huon|Huon, Hume Furlong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY25-RBY] - 1915(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3FH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939); 3AFH Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1954-1956); 2AIH Sydney (Pymble, 1958-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1951, 1937, Vic; BOCP 188, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (St Kilda Central, Vic, 1936-1937); clerk (Balwyn, Vic, 1954); life assurance (Pymble, NSW, 1958; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HUPPATZ''===

* [[/William George Huppatz|Huppatz, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWTP-DF5] - 1900(Vic)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5GW Cowandilla (1931-1933); 5GW Naracoorte (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 801, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Naracoorte, SA, 1939); engineer (Cowandilla, 1941-1943)

===''HURLEY''===

* [[/August Leslie Joseph Hurley|Hurley, August Leslie Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQ3-FXP] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1311, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: TV technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HURLL''===

* [[/Norman James Hurll|Hurll, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXC-BFF] - 1904(NSW)-2003(Qld, 98yo) - Licences: 2BC Sydney (Killara, 1924-1930); 4NJ Tallebudgera Creek (1931-1935); 2HJ Sydney (Killara, 1935-1937; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2IN?/2DKH Sydney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 96, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, CMF, CINT), business proprietor (Gas Light Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Killara, 1930); merchant (Killara, 1936-1937); soldier (Strathfield, 1943); company manager (Burwood, 1949-1963); Managing Director (Killara, 1968); Director (Killara, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BC-4NJ-2HJ-2IN - Norman James Hurll&quot;

===''HURRY''===

* [[/Ronald Bruce Hurry|Hurry, Ronald Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-G1C] - 1911(South Africa)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 693, 1930, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster?, electrical engineer (per 1939 South Africa marriage certificate) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HUSBAND''===

* [[/Norman Errol Husband|Husband, Norman Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F7-N7B] - 1893(Qld)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XABY Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 4CV Receive Charters Towers (1923); 4CV Charters Towers (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Charters Towers, 1917-1922; Mackay, 1925-1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1949-1958)

===''HUTCHINGS''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings|Hutchings, Allan Thomas Edwards]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-2TM] - 1903(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HL Receive Callawadda (1922-1923); 3HL Callawadda (1924-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: son of 3HM Elizabeth Lilian Hutchings nee Edwards; brother of 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Callawadda, 1927-1972)

* [[/Elizabeth Lilian Edwards|Hutchings nee Edwards, Elizabeth Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-25T] - 1877(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 3HM Callawadda (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 509, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1926-1942) - Relationships: mother of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings and 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - First woman in Australia to hold an amateur licence under the AOCP regime - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1925-1942) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Marjorie Lilian Hutchings|Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB52-GSC] - 1912(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Callawadda (1932-1939; 1946-1948); 3HQ Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1030, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: daughter of 3HM Elizabeth Lillian Hutchings nee Edwards; sister of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Callawadda, 1934-1937); nurse (Alfred Hospital, Prahran, 1943); home duties (Callawadda, 1949; Bentleigh, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''HUTCHINS''===

* [[/Percy Clare Hutchins|Hutchins, Percy Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V4C-JR3] - 1912(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5PH Adelaide (Willaston, 1934, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1352, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Willaston, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HUTCHINSON''===

* [[/Charles Elwood Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Charles Elwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-S6J] - 1894(Vic)-1942(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 728, 1922; 2COCP 278, 1930; 1COCP 307, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Esperance, 1919); radio telegraphist (Darwin, NT, 1922); telegraphist (Esperance, 1925-1931); radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1936-1937; Alberton, SA, 1939; Yatala, SA, 1941)

* [[/Harold Keith Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Harold Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-JK1] - 1912(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZQ Melbourne (Flemington, 1932-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 948, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Newmarket, Vic, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1943; Footscray North, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (St Kilda, Vic, 1963); retired (Mentone, Vic, 1968; Mordialloc, Vic, 1972-1977; Doncaster, Vic, 1980; Sale, Vic, 1980)

===''HUTCHISON''===

* [[/Clive Douglas Hutchison|Hutchison, Clive Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BS-WQZ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YP Sydney (Penshurst, 1935-1937; Brighton-le-Sands, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1947; Rose Bay, 1947; Homebush, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1415, 1935, NSW; BOCP 49, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Hutchison|Hutchison, John Alexander &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPTK-TQS] - 1894(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIC Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 54th Battalion, Sergeant, 1914-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1934-1980)

* [[/John Victor Thomas Hutchison|Hutchison, John Victor Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89S-PY2] - 1907(NZ)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JH Sydney (Kirribilli, 1927-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Croydon, 1946-1955; Bardwell Park, 1956-1965; Castle Cove, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 374, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1010, 1928; COCP1 137, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Milson's Point, NSW, 1930-1937); laboratory assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); radio technician (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUTSON''===

* [[/James William Hutson|Hutson, James William &quot;William&quot;, &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-Z6J] - 1912(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Echuca (1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 635, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon; Another contemporaneous JWH

===''HUTTON''===

* [[/David Hutton|Hutton, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-JXG] - 1912(Sct)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Abermain (1929-1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 551, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abermain, 1934-1963; Klworth, 1972-1977); retired (Klworth, 1980)

* [[/Harry Vardon John Hutton|Hutton, Harry Vardon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-4VK] - 1913(NSW)-2003(ACT) - Licences: 2HV Inverell (1932-1939, 1946-1947); 2HV Duntroon (1948-1955); 1HV Duntroon (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1048, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Inverell, NSW, 1935-1949); soldier (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968); army (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968-1977); retired (Chifley, ACT, 1980)

===''HYLAND''===

* [[/Leonard Philip Hyland|Hyland, Leonard Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8N6-XLK] - 1903(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: 7LP Hobart (City, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1791, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 271, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hobart Central, 1928) - Comment: Passed on Duty; Gone too soon - Links: [https://www.themercury.com.au/news/tasmania/tasmania-fire-service-chief-chris-arnol-urges-everyone-to-reflect-on-the-selflessness-of-firefighters-in-the-pursuit-of-public-safety/news-story/59c6315bbf383ef9bb4e270d60cd9296 Mercury]

=='''I'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''IKIN''===

* [[/William George Ikin|Ikin, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWFZ-C37] - 1887(NSW)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 4SM Townsville (1925-1926); 4SM Brisbane (New Farm, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 201, 1925, No. 18 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (dealer licence); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Gladstone, 1913); engineer &amp; electrician (Barcaldine, 1914); manager (Strand Motors, Townsville, 1925); motor mechanic (Mt Garnet, 1937-1949; Cardwell, 1949); farmer (Mareeba, 1954-1972)

===''INCE''===

* [[/Frederick George Ince|Ince, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTL8-9RM] - 1912(Vic)-2013(Vic)101yo - Licences: 3FG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1939; Brighton, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1047, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); accountant (Brighton, Vic, 1963); bank manager (Brighton, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''INGLIS''===

* [[/Kenneth Stanley Inglis|Inglis, Kenneth Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HJ-KZK] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (ABC); &quot;This is the ABC&quot;; &quot;Whose ABC?&quot; - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Acton, ACT, 1963; O'Connor, ACT, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Ken Inglis|Wikipedia]]; [https://halloffame.melbournepressclub.com/article/ken-inglis Australian Media Hall of Fame]; [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1031461X.2018.1493961 Obit]

* [[/Sydney David Inglis|Inglis, Sydney David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7K-DBM] - 1913(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2SQ Sydney (Enmore, 1933; Stanmore, 1935-1939; Croydon, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1121, 1933, NSW; BOCP 16, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943); factory superintendent (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954); works manager (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Campbelltown, NSW, 1980)

===''INNES''===

* [[/D. D. Innes|Innes, D. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Glebe Point, 1933-1934 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRELAND''===

* [[/George Wilbert Ireland|Ireland, George Wilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9H-D62] - 1911(Vic)-2004(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3IG Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2052, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: orchard hand (Mitcham, Vic, 1934-1954); orchardist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963; Coldstream, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Leslie Keith Ireland|Ireland, Leslie Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMD-BPV] - 1908(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5KR Mt Gambier (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 950, 1927; AOLCP 60, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633509 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721431 AWM]; [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ireland-leslie-keith-47849/ AHM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''IRESON''===

* [[/Keith Benton Ireson|Ireson, Keith Benton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQS9-PWM] - 1925(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AIR Melbourne (Templestowe, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 875, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Relationships: Son of 3ZY-3AIR Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kyneton, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954; Templestowe, Vic, 1963); engineer (Gisborne, Vic, 1967; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson|Ireson, Melville Charles Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZT-ML6] - 1898(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Kyneton (1926-1933); 3AIR Kyneton (1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 305, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918) - Relationships: Father of 3AIR Keith Benton Ireson - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Maldon, Vic, 1919); telegraphist (Ballarat, Vic, 1925); postal employee (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''IRVINE''===

* [[/Charles John Irvine|Irvine, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9SW-PQ5] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1923); 3DF Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1439, 1935, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 3TU James Forbes Irvine - Electoral Rolls: forest officer (Daylesford, Vic, 1931; Mont Park, Vic, 1934; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934-1937; St Kilda West, Vic, 1943-1954); forester (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); forest entomologist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1968; Camberwell, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Forbes Irvine|Irvine, James Forbes &quot;Boots&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCM-WFG] - 1916(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 3TU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947; Auburn, 1948; Balwyn, 1954-1956; City, 1960); 2AXQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969; Castle Cove, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1537, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VH-3DF Charles John Irvine - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); analyst (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1972); retired (Canterbury, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Irvine|Irvine, William]] - 1907(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4IR Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1987, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WIs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRVING''===

* [[/Cyril Lawson Irving|Irving, Cyril Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-65R] - 1912(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4WL Brisbane (Annerley, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1199, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Godfrey George Howy Irving|Irving, Godfrey George Howy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT2H-SPK] - 1867(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XYR Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF Major-General) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Melbourne, Vic, 1905; West Perth, WA, 1914; Brisbane North, Qld, 1917); staff corps (Kew, Vic, 1921-1937)

===''ISLES''===

* [[/James William Clifford Isles|Isles, James William Clifford &quot;Clifford&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBVH-RV1] - 1894(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CC Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1922); 4CC Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (QWI); business proprietor (Isles Love &amp; Co, Allan &amp; Stark); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1915-1937); manager (Hamilton, 1943-1958); director (Hamilton, 1963)

===''ISRAEL''===

* [[/Morris Samuel Israel|Israel, Morris Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-CBC] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XMU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913); 3ZN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924; Malvern, 1925-1926; Burwood, 1927); 3ZN Geelong, 1931-1933; 3ZN Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 13, 1924, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 35, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcasting executive; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda, 1919-1924); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1926-1928); broadcasting engineer (Geelong, 1931); engineer (Geelong North, 1936; Camberwell, 1937-1963);

===''IVES''===

* [[/Cecil Albert Ives|Ives, Cecil Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-848] - 1916(SA)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 5AF Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1451, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ives-cecil-albert-300407/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''J'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''JACKSON''===

* [[/Alfred Cecil Jackson|Jackson, Alfred Cecil &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDLP-F65] - 1900(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4AJ Brisbane (Fairfield, 1931); 2BO Bangalow (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 620, 1921; 1COCP 67, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG, Brisbane Cmcls); state public servant (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Fairfield, Qld, 1928-1931); farmer (Possum Creek, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (Fairfield, Qld, 1943-1954); farmer (O'Possum Creek via Bangalow, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Alfred George Jackson|Jackson, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5P-2X1] - 1864(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: 4DG Receive Brisbane (Wynnum, Qld, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; radio clubs (WIQ, QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer - Relationships: father of Arthur Appleton Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1903-1913); electrician (Wynnum, Qld, 1914-1934)

* [[/Arthur Appleton Jackson|Jackson, Arthur Appleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY55-M8F] - 1891(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer; business proprietor; Relationships: son of Alfred George Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Wynnum, Qld, 1913-1914; Morningside, Qld, 1915-1919; Wynnum, Qld, 1919; South Brisbane, Qld, 1921-1968); retired (Hill End, Qld, 1972; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1977; Hopetoun Home, Oxley, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Charles Joseph Jackson| Jackson, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-PQT] - 1910(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 2AIV Carool (1937-1939); 3CU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; East Oakleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2053, 1937, NSW; BOCP 299, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Piggabeen, NSW, 1930-1934; Tweed Heads, NSW, 1935; Carool, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949);  radio engineer (Oakleigh East, Vic, 1963-1967; Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Peardon Jackson|Jackson, Harry Peardon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY2-PWW] - 1887(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AHZ Sydney (Church Point, 1938-1939; Coogee, 1946-1947; Church Point, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1919); no occupation (Church Point, NSW, 1934-1968)

* [[/James William Jackson|Jackson, James William &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7FH-JCW] - 1916(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Brisbane (Cribb Island, 1938-1939; 1946-1969; Lawnton, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2096, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); military (WW2,Northern Command Signals); farmer/electrician/radio &amp; TV serviceman - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cribb Island, Qld, 1937-1968); rubber worker (Lawnton, Qld 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond George Jackson|Jackson, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-YNR] - 1913(Eng)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3PU Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939; Canterbury, 1947-1948; Middle Brighton, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1699, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tester (Williamstown, Vic, 1936); laboratory assistant (Essendon, Vic, 1942; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1967); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1972); engineer (Heidelberg West, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Thomas William Jackson|Jackson, Thomas William]] - 1830(Eng)-1918(Vic) - Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria ca 1880, clubs &amp; societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, ca 1880)

* [[/William Leslie Jackson|Jackson, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH5-SJ7] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3XM Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939, 1947-1965; Carnegie, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1361, 1934, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925-1927; Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JACOBS''===

* [[/James William Samuel Jacobs|Jacobs, James William Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-SXG] - 1902(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923); 3YM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 784, 1923 (Marconi); COCP2 319, 1931; COCP1 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1980)

* [[/Sydney S. Jacobs|Jacobs, Sydney S. (Sasoon?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP6-2XB] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1225, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ship's steward (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931)?; traveller (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); soldier (Mosman, NSW, 1949); company director (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''JAMES''===

* [[/Arthur George James|James, Arthur George or George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-B9B] - 1911(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JV Macorna (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 777, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Macorna, Vic, 1934-1937; Carlton, Vic, 1943; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949); engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1968; Box Hill, Vic, 1972); director (Croydon, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Brian Russell James|James, Brian Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLV-GXV] - 1920(SA)-1944(Europe) - Licences: 5BL Adelaide (1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 2293, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 76 Squadron RAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325112 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://highgate-rsl.org.au/afcraaf-roll/james-brian-russell-417490/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Hector Keith James|James, Hector Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-WVL] - 1905(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2XA Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923); 2XA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Ashfield, 1934; Double Bay, 1935-1936; Coogee, 1937-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Summer Hill, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 183, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Summer Hill, 1930-1933), engineer (Edgecliff, 1936; Ashfield, 1949; Summer Hill, 1943-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2XA - Hector Keith James&quot;

* [[/Herbert Ronald James|James, Herbert Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-1SM] - 1904(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Birchip (1931-1933); 3LH Drouin (1938-1939); 7LH Western Junction (1947); 7LH Launceston (1948); 3AJJ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1954); 3AJJ Lubeck (1955-1956); 3AJJ Braeside (1960); 3AJJ Rupanyup (1965-1969); 3AJJ Nowa Nowa (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 813, 1931, Vic; BOCP 17, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, 1925); fitter &amp; turner (Merbein, 1928-1931); radio engineer (Merbein, 1936); technician (Western Junction, Tas, 1949); radio engineer (Deepdene, 1954); technician (Rupanyup, 1963-1968); retired (Nowa Nowa, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. James|James, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZE via Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Reynolds James|James, Thomas Reynolds]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, worked on original Melbourne-Williamstown telegraph line 1854, later in charge of Melbourne Telegraph Office, but transferred to inspectorial work in 1879 due to disorganisation, reinstated in 1880)

===''JAMIESON''===

* [[/Charles William Jamieson|Jamieson, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4SY-YNQ] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XJW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 3CJ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1926); 3XX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 130, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1921-1925); mechanic (Malvern, 1926-1968)

* [[/John Edward Jamieson|Jamieson, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-M43] - 1910(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6LA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1930-1933); 6LA Kalgoorlie (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 673, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1936-1937); salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1943); radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954)

===''JANSEN''===

* [[/Claude Harold Jansen|Jansen, Claud or Claude Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-9TN] - 1890(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: V751 Receive Yarrawonga (1922); 3GW Receive Yarrawonga (1922)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: printer (Yarrawonga, 1913-1922); linotype engineer (Yarrawonga, 1924-1931); printer (Shepparton, 1934-1937); linotype operator (Albury, 1937-1949); engineer (Albury, 1954-1968)

===''JARDINE''===

* [[/William Ronald Jardine|Jardine, William Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZC-T63] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PR Melbourne (Essendon, 1929-1933); 3PR Leongatha (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 533, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 108, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Craigieburn, 1934); dairy farmer (Leongatha, 1937-1954); salesman (Leongatha, 1963-1980)

===''JARMAN''===

* [[/Oswald Arthur Jarman|Jarman, Oswald Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-K6Y] - 1894(SA)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 162, 1915; 1COCP 37, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1921-1922); telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1928); supervisor (Bentley, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''JARVIS''===

* [[/Vincent Jack Edwin Jarvis|Jarvis, Vincent Jack Edwin &quot;Victor&quot;, &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2K-6FP] - 1912(WA)-1941(Libya) - Licences: 2VJ Orange (1930-1933); 2VJ Dubbo (1934); 2VJ Wellington (1935-1936); 2VJ Bathurst (1937); 2VJ Griffith (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 695, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 46, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (2VJ Wellington); broadcast engineer (2BS, 2RG); WW2 (RAAF, Rathmines Flying Boats Base, Palestine, Egypt, Libya) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wellington, 1936), radio engineer (Bathurst, 1937), wireless operator (Rathmines, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633817 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''JEBB''===

* [[/Thomas Keith Jebb|Jebb, Thomas Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MW78-HHC] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1861, 1937, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Creswick, Vic, 1919-1920); technical school teacher (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1922-1924); electrical engineer (Launceston West, Tas, 1928-1954)

===''JEFFES''===

* [[/Stephen Gregory Jeffes|Jeffes, Stephen Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5J-P7V] - 1888(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAE Sydney (Bankstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (5th Ambulance Brigade, 1916-1919); WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bankstown, NSW, 1913); farmer (Carool, NSW, 1934-1936); banana inspector (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937); civil servant (Macksville, NSW, 1943-1949); inspector (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''JEFFRYES''===

* [[/Sydney Harry Jeffryes|Jeffryes, Sydney Harry]] - 1884(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: X?? Brisbane - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; ship's wireless operator; member of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-1914 - Links:

===''JEFFS''===

* [[/Vincent Jeffs|Jeffs, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-4M8] - 1912?(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4VJ Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1933; City, 1934-1939, 1946; Gordon Park, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 753, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio cub (WIAQ, life member, lecturer, code instructor, field days, JOTA, conventions, operator 4WI); business proprietor (Jeffs Radio) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1934; New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1937); radio manufacturer (New Farm, Qld, 1943); salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1949); businessman (Gordon Park, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''JENKIN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Jenkin|Jenkin, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5NC-6HK] - 1911(Vic)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3CM Melbourne (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 965, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1937-1943); draftsman (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''JENKINS''===

* [[/Edward Harry Jenkins|Jenkins, Edward Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBQ8-YK2] - 1916(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939); 3QK Churchill Island (1947); 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1862, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Churchill Island, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''JENNER''===

* [[/John Henry Jenner|Jenner, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Y9-64Z] - 1877(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 7BM Receive Premaydena (1923); Receive Premaydena (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 2ABM John Ingoldsby Jenner - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Lindisfarne, 1914); orchardist (Koonya, 1919-1928); Xray technician (Double Bay, NSW, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935)

* [[/John Ingoldsby Jenner|Jenner, John Ingoldsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKY4-7S2] - 1904(Eng)-1980(???) - Licences: 2ABM Sydney (Maroubra, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1194, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BM John Henry Jenner - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Haberfield, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935); telephone engineer (Maroubra, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, 1943-1954; Revesby, 1968); retired (Turramurra, 1972); engineer (Revesby, 1980)

===''JENNISON''===

* [[/James Crosby Jennison|Jennison, James Crosby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRWZ-JB6] - 1923(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5JJ Adelaide (Black Forest, 1947; Enfield, 1954-1960); 1JN Canberra (Hughes, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2432, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For courage &amp; tenacity on two operational tours, 1945 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hughes, ACT, 1972-1980)

* [[/Joseph William Jennison|Jennison, Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS7-316] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 2JJ Mathoura (1928-1939); 2MX Mathoura (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 414, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 4th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Comment: Licences in the name of his father John William Jennison but most likely son was operator, father passed in 1942 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mathoura, NSW, 1930-1949; Echuca, Vic, 1954; Deniliquin, NSW, 1958); nil (Echuca, Vic, 1963)

===''JENSEN''===

* [[/Jens August Jensen|Jensen, Jens August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQM-1MX] - 1865(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Minister for Navy (1915-1917) - Comment: famously dismissed for corruption in respect of purchase of Shaw Wireless Works in 1916 - Electoral Rolls: licensed victualler (Beauty Point, Tas, 1914-1919); orchardist (Beauty Point, Tas, 1919-1922); no occupation (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936) - Links: [[w:Jens_Jensen_(politician)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/jensen-jens-august-6840 ADB]

* [[/Laurence Richard Hopkins Jensen|Jensen, Laurence or Lawrence Richard Hopkins &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-MJ1] - 1906(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: 7BL Receive West Devonport (1923); Receive West Devonport (1923-1924); 7LJ Launceston (1925-1939, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 78, 1925, Tas; BOCP 215, 1939; 1AOCP 9, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW@ (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (New Town, 1928); teacher (New Town, 1936-1972)

===''JENVEY''===

* [[/Henry Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, Henry Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QJ-7TS] - 1851(Eng)-1932(Vic) - Licences: AA Melbourne 1900; X?? Melbourne - early wireless experimenter, arguably his use of the identifier AA was the first use of an Australian callsign; arguably Australia's first amateur operator as the majority of his experiments were self-funded and in his own time - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - employment (Vic P &amp; T; PMGD) - Relationships: father of 3WW William Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, 1909); public servant (Caulfield East, 1919-1931)

* [[/William Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, William Walter &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QV-9GL] - 1904(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 3AY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927; Ormond, 1931-1938); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1939); 3AY Melbourne (Ormond, 1947); 2ZO Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1969); 2ZO Noosa Heads (1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 824, 1924; 1COCP 68, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of Henry Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1927); operator (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1972); nil (Nelligen, NSW, 1977; Noosa Heads, Qld, 1980)

===''JEPSON''===

* [[/Reginald Raymond Jepson|Jepson, Reginald Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-WX5] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2064, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1949); public servant (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1968; Highett, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JEREMY''===

* [[/John Jeremy|Jeremy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-GSZ] - 1897(NSW)-1957(ACT) - Licences: XFE Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1934-1943); bank manager (Deakin, ACT, 1949-1954)

===''JERRARD''===

* [[/Frederick Joseph Jerrard|Jerrard, Frederick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB43-BKT] - 1899(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4DR Receive Gayndah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Gayndah, 1921-1930); motor mechanic (Gayndah, 1936-1937); engineer (Indooroopilly, 1943-1963)

===''JESSOP''===

* [[/Patrick Ferman Jessop|Jessop, Patrick Ferman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QN-8HV] - 19??(Eng?)-19??(Qld?) - Licences: 4PJ Kamma (1925-1927); 4PJ Cairns (Hambledon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1(RFC) - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Edmonton, 1922-1930); weigh bridge clerk (Hambledon, 1936-1943)

===''JEWELL''===

* [[/Thomas John Jewell|Jewell, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYD-YH1] - 1905(WA)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6CA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1927); 6JJ Kalgoorlie (1930-1931); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 876, 1925; 1COCP 129, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1937); radio inspector (Victoria Park, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949); inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1954-1963)

===''JINKS''===

* [[/Edwin William Jinks|Jewell, Edwin William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPM6-6JD] - 1914(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HX Broken Hill (1931-1939); 2ADJ Broken Hill (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 830, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 202, 1938; COCP1 355, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1943); senior communications officer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963); public servant (Broken Hill, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Broken Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''JOHNSON''===

* [[/Andrew Keith Johnson|Johnson, Andrew Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54J-MQ2] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2NJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1969; Padstow, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1157, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Inconsistency death &amp; licensing dates needs further investigation - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1934); hospital attendant (Punchbowl, NSW, 1936-1968); retired (Padstow, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Arthur Johnson|Johnson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD7-X12] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4PX Brisbane (Hendra, 1938-1939; Ascot, 1946-1948; Hendra, 1954-1975), 4PX Buddina Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2093, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF, Signals) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AJs - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth public servant (Hendra, Qld, 1968) + others

* [[/Arthur Lester Johnson|Johnson, Arthur Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB87-RR1] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FL Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1960; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 53, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3XH-3JW Stanley William Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1954; Box Hill South, Vic, 1963); traffic policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968); policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Carl Francis Johnson|Johnson, Carl Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH8T-HSH] - 1899(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); 7AR Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 218, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: federal servant (West Hobart, 1922-1954)

* [[/Colin Wymess Johnson|Johnson, Colin Wymess or Wemyss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYF-8GK] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AJC Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939); 2YJ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1946-1955; CBD, 1956-1961; Merewether, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2080, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954); manager (Merewether, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Norman Johnson|Johnson, Edward Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM4W-MLQ] - 1886(Vic)-1960(USA) - Licences: Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3ZO Warrnambool (1923-1924); 3ZO Horsham (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, 1909); manager (Wonthaggi, 1914); draper (Newtown, 1917); traveller (Geelong, 1919)

* [[/H. B. Johnson|Johnson, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1926); 5HB Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 252, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - common surname, individual not yet identified

* [[/Ivo Uric Johnson|Johnson, Ivo Uric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VV-H8S] - 1903(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4KL Cairns (1933-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 813, 1924; 2COCP 668, 1942; 1COCP 655, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1936-1963) 

* [[/John Eric Johnson|Johnson, John Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PS-MYR] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936); 2AFZ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1492, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre employee (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1968)

* [[/Joseph Murray Johnson|Johnson, Joseph Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YM-M5N] - 1889(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 113, 1915; 1COCP 200, 1931 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Geraldton, 1915-1917); radio expert (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield, 1937); engineer (Longueville, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Turramurra, 1954-1963); retired (Strathfield, 1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1977; Wauchope/Yrrs, 1980)

* [[/Leonard Waring Johnson|Johnson, Leonard Waring]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG7-CK6] - 1916(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3YF Melbourne (Deepdene, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 968, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/S. Johnson|Johnson, S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Mudgee (1925-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley William Johnson|Johnson, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-D8W] - 1908(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Sale (1937-1939); 3JW Melbourne (Burwood, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1954, 1937, Vic; BOCP 654 or 64, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FL Arthur Lester Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1933); radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1936-1937); soldier (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); engineer (Balwyn North, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''JOHNSTON''===

* [[/George Daniel Johnston|Johnston, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQB-K36] - 1905(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1279, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Parkville, Vic, 1927-1931); engineer (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); draftsman (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/H. B. Johnston|Johnston, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Johnston|Johnston, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-39X] - 1908(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 3ST Benalla (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 819, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Benalla, Vic, 1936-1937); meteorologist (Newport, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Lane Cove, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Norman Brint Johnston|Johnston, Norman Brint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-K7F] - 1913(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6NJ Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1933; Subiaco, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 642, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Subiaco, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Maylands, 1943-1968; Mt Lawley, 1972-1977)

* [[/Robert Walter Johnston|Johnston, Robert Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDS-FHJ] - 1914(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LQ Brisbane (Petrie Terrace, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1270, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1936-1937); no occupation (Ingleburn, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1963)

* [[/William Carlyle Johnston|Johnston, William Carlyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P3-L4J] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Grafton (1935-1936); 2CJ Coffs Harbour (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2CJ Sawtell (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1479, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1936); mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1937-1943); radio engineer (Sawtell, NSW, 1949); joiner (Sawtell, NSW, 1954); carpenter (Sawtell, NSW, 1958-1968); radio mechanic (Sawtell, NSW, 1973-1977)

* [[/William David Johnston|Johnston, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-3RY] - 1909(Irl)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2YZ Sydney (Ryde, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Gladesville, 1950; Matraville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 616, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 323, 1931; 1COCP 398, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1943); radio engineer (Gladesville, NSW, 1949; Matraville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOHNSTONE''===

* [[/H. D. Johnstone|Johnstone, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JONASSON''===

* [[/Roy Peter Jonasson|Jonasson, Roy Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KPW-ZL1] - 1908(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4NG Alberton (1931-1933); 7NG Derwent Park (1937-1939); 3ND Castlemaine (1946-1969); 9NG, PNG; 4NE Brisbane (Kingston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 827, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, QRP Club, RAAF Wireless Reserve, Qld Listeners' League); employment (Qld State Electricity Commission) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Castlemaine, 1942-1972); retired (Kingston, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''JONES''===

* [[/Alfred Ernest Jones|Jones, Alfred Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61R-CTW] - 1894(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 241, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Comment: not all electoral roll entries identified, several contemporaneous AEJs; Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1917-1922)

* [[/David Owen Jones|Jones, David Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-HV6] - 1916(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3ED Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1937-1939, 1947; North Essendon, 1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1916, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942); draughtsman (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/David William Jones|Jones, David William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DJ Brisbane (Chelmer, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 683, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous DWJs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chelmer, 1925-1931); engineer (Holland Park, 1958)? 

* [[/Donald Atkinson Jones|Jones, Donald Atkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSN-327] - 1911(NSW)-2000(SA) - Licences: 2SF Wollongong (Austinmer, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 398, 1932; COCP1 147, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Austinmer, NSW, 1932-1937; Flinders Island, Tas, 1949)

* [[/George Edward Jones|Jones, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2F-D9R] - 1903(???)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); Crystal Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1923); 2GJ Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1934; Naremburn, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Bondi, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1053, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Zetland, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); motor driver (Bondi, 1943-1949) 

* [[/Harold Jones|Jones, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-RSJ] - 1906(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AGG Speers Point (1937-1938, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1926, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HJs - Electoral Rolls: shiftman (Boolaroo, NSW, 1937); bus conductor (Speers Point, NSW, 1943-1949)

* [[/Lancelot Cyril Jones|Jones, Lancelot Cyril &quot;Lance&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L3-2LS] - 1891(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: XVB Adelaide (Hawthorn, 1913-1914); 5BQ Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1923-1924); 5DN Adelaide (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; co-founder 5DN commercial Adelaide - Electoral Rolls: manager (Broadway Estate, 1939-1943)

* [[/Leslie Jones|Jones, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY84-XVZ] - 1909(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1482, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Paul Alfred Jones|Jones, Paul Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-CJT] - 1920(Tas)-2013(Tas)93yo - Licences: 7PJ King Island (Grassy, 1939, 1947-1948); 7PJ Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1954-1975; Hobart City, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2256, 1939, Tas; BOCP 579, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954); engineer (Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Edward Jones|Jones, Raymond Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL9R-FLM] - 1900(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3RJ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1928; Box Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 407, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Newmarket, 1921); public servant (Ascot Vale, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Box Hill, 1931-1943); supervisor (Box Hill, 1949-1963); retired (Box Hill, 1968-1980)

* [[/Robert Harold Jones|Jones, Robert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPF-BKS] - 1896(Wales)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AHF Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Canley Vale, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1960, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1931; Rockdale, NSW, 1933); engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1934); motor mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1935-1943); technician (Edensor Park, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Rothney Bray Jones|Jones, Rothney Bray &quot;Roth&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN43-9N4] - 1918(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3BG Bendigo (1936-1939, 1947); 3BG Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1948-1975; Abbotsford, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1696, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1967-1972; Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley William Jones|Jones, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-BPL] - 1917(Vic)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 3SF Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1953, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army, Signalman, 6 Division Signals) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1687469] - Comment: Another Stanley William Jones died in WW2, Flight Sergeant, 626 Squadron - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Vernon Marshall Jones|Jones, Vernon Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-5YM] - 1913(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3YE Colac (1947-1948); 3YE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1954-1960; Box Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2347, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: welder (Caulfield, Vic, 1935-1937); technical assistant (Colac, Vic, 1943); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-68; Box Hill North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Jones|Jones, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NB-Z8F] - 1914(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2PY Sydney (Marrickville, 1930-1933); 2RS Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1939); 2WP Sydney (Bexley, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 652, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 57, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of William Daniel Jones - Electoral Rolls: tramway employee (Sydenham, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1949-1972); telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980) - Comment: Another contemporaneous Walter Henry Jones in Sydney b.1915 m.Edith

* [[/William Daniel Jones|Jones, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGX-G5N] - 1910(Wales)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1614, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2PY-2RS-2WP Walter Henry Jones - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Sydenham, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1934); upholsterer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1935-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1963; Marrickville, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/W. R. Jones|Jones, W. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EK Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JORDAN''===

* [[/James Jordan|Jordan, James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-VNQ] - 1903(Sct)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4JJ Ipswich (1933); 4JJ Bundaberg (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1162, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); senior military (RAAF, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: striker (West Ipswich, Qld, 1932); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1934-1937)

* [[/Lawrence Jordan|Jordan, Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-N6K] - 1934(Vic)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Figtree (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1578, 1957; AOCP 3758, 1958, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Figtree, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Robert Jordan|Jordan, Robert]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 4, 1914, No. 4 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system - commercial operator; coastal station operator? - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Robert Frederick Jordan|Jordan, Robert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8TB-KWK] - 1898(Vic)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 3IL Gabo Island (1935-1939); 7IL Currie (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1529, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 24th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Relationships: Father of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan &amp; 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: returned soldier (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1919); plumber (Coburg, Vic, 1921-1928; Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1931; Cape Everard, Vic, 1934); lightkeeper (Gabo Island, Vic, 1936-1937; Cape Schanck, Vic, 1942; Currie, Tas, 1954); no occupation (Currie, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Robert Edward Jordan|Jordan, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-677] - 1929(Vic)-2008(Tas) - Licences: 3AKJ Melbourne (North Aspendale, 1965-1975); 7JR Currie (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1564, 1963; AOCP 4202, 1964, Vic - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); telephone technician (Carrum, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JOSCELYNE''===

* [[/Robert Alan Joscelyne|Joscelyne, Robert Alan &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4NC-8JD] - 1908(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AJO Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1938; Cheltenham, 1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2215, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); traveller (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1936-1937); agent (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); manager (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOUGHIN''===

* [[/E. G. Joughin|Joughin, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALI Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Maxwell Joughin|Joughin, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-1LR] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3BR Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1948; Pakenham, 1954); 3BR Tangambalanga (1955-1965); 4JU Buderim (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 152, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1937; Packenham East, Vic, 1954; Tangambalanga, Vic, 1963-1967); no occupation (Buderim, Qld, 1968); trundler (Buderim, Qld, 1972); labourer (Forest Glen, Qld, 1977)

===''JOYCE''===

* [[/Victor Stanley Joyce|Joyce, Victor Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9K8R-3RQ] - 1920(Eng)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEN Sydney (Five Dock, 1936-1939; Drummoyne, 1946; Collaroy, 1947-1955; Dee Why, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1709, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); photographer (Collaroy, NSW, 1949-1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''JUDD''===

* [[/Clarence Harvey Judd|Judd, Clarence Harvey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVF-9XS] - 1920(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5HQ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3374, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Oswald William Judd|Judd, Oswald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVX-X56] - 1896(SA)-1934(SA) - Licences: XVF Adelaide (North Norwood, 1913); Receive Adelaide (Payneham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JULSTEDT''===

* [[/E. Julstedt|Julstedt, E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4JD Daru, PNG (1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JUNK''===

* [[/Gerhardt Philip Junk|Junk, Gerhardt Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FL-3W8] - 1896(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XACX Sydney (Sans Souci, 1913-1914); 2AZ Receive Sydney (Sans Souci, 1922-1923); 2EY Sydney (Sans Souci, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, 1289, 1934, NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Sans Souci, NSW, 1930-1935); tram conductor (Sans Souci, NSW, 1937-1943)

=='''K'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''KANE''===

* [[/John Leslie Kane|Kane, John Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LT-K1L] - 1910(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4ZZ Toowoomba (1939, 1947-1954); 4ZZ Harlaxton (1955); 4ZZ Rockhampton (1956); 4ZZ Brisbane (Northgate, 1960; Lawnton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2335, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); senior state public servant (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Roma, Qld, 1931-1937); railway clerk (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954); QGR clerk (Northgate, Qld, 1958; Lawnton, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KARPPINEN''===

* [[/Karl Horace Karppinen|Karppinen, Karl Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J6-WST] - 1917(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2157, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KAUFMAN''===

* [[/Samuel Donald Kaufman|Kaufman, Samuel Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6X-937] - 1904(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SK Sydney (Belmore, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 448, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1980)

===''KAUPER''===

* [[/Henry Alexis Kauper|Kauper, Henry or Heinrich Alexis &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXZ-WYQ] - 1888(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: S643 Adelaide (1921-1922); 5BG Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923-1926; Tusmore, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 97, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; inventor - Electoral Rolls: chauffer (Willaura, Vic, 1910); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1931-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;S643-5BG - Henry Alexis Kauper&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kauper-henry-alexis-harry-6898 ADB]

===''KAYESS''===

* [[/Sydney Kayess|Kayess, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYG-NHD] - 1892(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Cooktown, 1917); engineer (Hendra, Qld, 1919); engine driver (Charleville, Qld, 1921); mechanic (Mossman, 1925); motor mechanic (Watchem, Vic, 1928); auto engineer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930); garage manager (New Lambton, NSW, 1930; Foveaux, NSW, 1933); engineer (Forest Lodge, NSW, 1935-1937); labourer (Darlinghurst, 1937; Glenmore, NSW, 1943); mechanical engineer trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); engineer (Manly North, NSW, 1958)

===''KEANE''===

* [[/John Patrick James Keane|Keane, John Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V5-P25] - 1903(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JN Cessnock (1930-1931); 2JN Sydney (Millers Point, 1931); 2JN Cessnock (1933-1936); 2JN Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939; McMahons Point, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 698, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Darling Harbour, 1930); clerk (Cessnock, 1931-1932; Newcastle, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1937; McMahons Point, 1943-1949; North Sydney, 1958-1963)

===''KEAST''===

* [[/Leslie John Keast|Keast, Leslie John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2QP-J6X] - 1886(SA)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Journalist (Wireless Weekly; shortwave editor, Australasian Radio World, 1940-1951; Radio &amp; Hobbies), professional monitor (OWI/VOA, WW2); silent era cinematographer - Electoral Rolls: licensed victuallar (Royal Hotel, Bowral, 1933-1934); ex-hotelkeeper (Coogee, 1935); clerk (Randwick North, 1936-1937); sales manager (Carlingford, 1943); organising secretary (Ermington, 1949-1958)

===''KEATING''===

* [[/Thomas Joseph Keating|Keating, Thomas Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVD-862] - 1902(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Mentone,1938-1939); 3KW Melbourne (Mentone, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2128, 1938, Vic; COCP1 512, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1931-1934; Mentone, Vic, 1936-1968)

===''KEDDIE''===

* [[/Phillip Robert Keddie|Keddie, Phillip Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-1T7] - 1921(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5KZ Adelaide (Woodville Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1882, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: AMF (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

===''KEILLOR''===

* [[/William Keillor|Keillor, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-YNZ] - 1902(???)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KW Geelong (West Geelong, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 895, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1928-1954); nil (Geelong West, Vic, 1963)

===''KEITH''===

* [[/Gordon Harold Keith|Keith, Gordon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCL-2BW] - 1919(Qld)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 4EK Brisbane (Hill End, 1947-1955); 5EK Adelaide (Clarence Park, 1956); 3AFK Melbourne (East Malvern, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2446, 1940, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Hill End, Qld, 1941-1954); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); A.R.A. (Narrabundah, ACT, 1963); farmer (Ingleside, Qld, 1968); public servant (Torrens, ACT, 1968-1980)

===''KELLS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Edward Kells|Kells, Alfred Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTMT-7D3] - 1900(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 2430 Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Moonee Ponds, 1921-1925); mechanic (Essendon, 1928-1954)

===''KELLY''===

* [[/Alexander Wainwright Kelly|Kelly, Alexander Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP6-G6V] - 1908(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Largs Bay (1923); Receive Largs Bay (1923); 5AW Lyndoch (1927-1939); 5XO Loxton (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 358, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur Broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: winemaker (Berri, 1939-1943)

* [[/Kenneth Melville Kelly|Kelly, Kenneth Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-LVP] - 1915(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3LL Melbourne (Carlton, 1937-1939); 7MF Maritime Mobile Auxiliary Ketch Matthew Flinders, Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1947); 7LL Hobart (CBD, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1965); 4MJ Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1969-1975); 2MJ Merimbula (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1854, 1937, Vic; COCP3 1236, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Queens College, Carlton, Vic, 1937); medical practitioner (Newtown, Tas, 1943-1958; Rio Vista, Qld, 1969-1972; Merimbula, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Patrick James Kelly|Kelly, Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CD-8LM] - 1909(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4KB Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954-1955; Camp Hill, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2393, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Comment: Several contemporaneous PJKs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Dutton Park, Qld, 1934-1937); civil servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949; Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ross Donaldson Kelly|Kelly, Ross Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7BG-2PR] - 1906(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5LW Adelaide (Unley, 1937-1939; Hazelwood Park, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2032, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assurance agent (Dulwich, 1941-1943)

===''KELSO''===

* [[/Andrew John Bruce Kelso|Kelso, Andrew John Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-8R3] - 1915(NSW)-2014(ACT)98yo - Licences: 2AGF Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938); 2WK Cooma (1955-1969); 8AC Nhulunbuy (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1683, 1936, NSW; BOCP 30, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Awards: OBE (1959, for services as radio officer, Snowy Mountains Authority) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943); wireless operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); orchardist (Valley Heights, Molong, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Cooma, NSW, 1958-1963); communications officer (Cooma, NSW, 1968); technical officer (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1972); radio technician (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1977-1980)

* [[/Graham Kelso|Kelso, Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXH-9DH] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EL Receive Brisbane (Nundah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1958); technician (Brisbane, Qld, 1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Thomas Kelso|Kelso, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HQX-4GF] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 979, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937); chemist (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1963)

===''KEMBLE''===

* [[/Frederick John Kemble|Kemble, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8WY] - 1915(SA)-1939(WA) - Licences: 6FJ Katanning (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1673, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith's striker (Katanning, WA, 1937)

===''KEMP''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Kemp|Kemp, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-PYS] - 1910(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4YA Yangan - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1466, 1935, Qld; BOCP 110, 1937; 2COCP 123, 1937; 1COCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Swanfels, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Joseph Edward Kemp|Kemp, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-NWV] - 1918(Tas)-1991(WA) - Licences: 7RZ Devonport (1937-1939); 7RZ Launceston (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1847, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Como, 1949); radio officer (Esperance, 1954-1958; Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

===''KEMPSTER''===

* [[/Frederick Kempster|Kempster, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVPC-NHM] - 1900(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: 5KM Darwin (1929-1931); 8KM Darwin (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 543, 1929, No. ?? in NT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Fullarton, 1934); supervisor (Fullarton, 1939-1943)

===''KEMPTON''===

* [[/Gordon Kempton|Kempton, Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSD-PJS] - 19??(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2CI Sydney (Kings Cross, 1935-1938); 2CI Newcastle (Merewether, 1939, 1946-1965); 2CI Sydney (Sylvania Waters, 1969); 2BCI Sydney (Kogarah, 1965); 4XX Brisbane (Yeronga, 1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1935; Merewether, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Yeronga, Qld, 1969-1972)

===''KENDERDINE''===

* [[/Clifford Walter Kenderdine|Kenderdine, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYR-H3J] - 1917(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WP Melbourne (Kew, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1203, 1933, Vic; BOCP 226, 1939; COCP1 380, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1943-1954); engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1967-1968); radio engineer (Lorne, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''KENNA''===

* [[/Vernon Francis Kenna|Kenna, Vernon Francis &quot;Vern&quot; / &quot;Marconi&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1D-4ZV] - 1908(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 4DE Receive Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1924); 4FK Brisbane (Hamilton, 1926-1939); 2JR Sydney (Middle Cove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 301, 1926, No. 29 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (PMGD); radiocommunications engineer; senior public servant (PMG, ABC2); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1954); engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1963; Killara, 1963; Middle Cove, 1968-1972; Willoughby, 1977-1980)

===''KENNEDY''===

* [[/Peter Kennedy|Kennedy, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKD-8Q7] - 1874(Vic)-1945(SA) - Licences: XYD Perth (City, 1913-1914); 6AM Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923-1927); 5AM Adelaide (City, 1928; Unley, 1931; New Parkside, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; senior federal public servant (PMG, concluding as Deputy Postmaster-General SA); WW1 - Awards: Imperial Service Order - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, 1903; Mt Lawley, 1910-1921); State Engineer (Maylands, 1925-1926); civil servant (New Parkside, 1939-1943)

* [[/M. Kennedy|Kennedy, M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EP Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 
* [[/Walter Donald Kennedy|Kennedy, Walter Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBRG-1WB] - 1869(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1926; Willoughby, 1927-1929); 2WK Helensburgh (1930-1933); 2WK Sydney (East Sydney, 1934); 2WK Wallerawang (1935); 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 121, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Murrumburrah, 1913; Helensburgh, 1930-1932); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); clerk in Holy Orders (Rockdale, 1936-1949)

===''KENNY''===

* [[/Edmund Francis Kenny|Kenny, Edmund Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MB-R3M] - 1903(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2EK Sydney (Lewisham, 1927-1928; Croydon, 1929; Ryde, 1930-1931; Granville, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2EK Wentworthville (1950-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 373, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1930); clerk (West Ryde, 1930-1933); engineer (Granville, 1935-1949); radio engineer (Wentworthville, 1954-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, 1972-1977)

* [[/Ferris Hope Kenny|Kenny, Ferris Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMQ-C17] - 1921(NSW)-2012(NSW) - Licences: 2AFK Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1834, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Earlwood, NSW, 1943-1958); accountant (Campsie, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''KEOGH''===

* [[/William George Keogh|Keogh, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJ4-H7G] - 19??(???)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ZA Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923; Stanmore, 1924-1925); licensed operator 2AG Grace Bros Broadway  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick North, 1943-1958)

===''KERBY''===

* [[/Edwin Thomas John Kerby|Kerby, Edwin Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM72-SFL] - 1888(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 7EK Ringarooma (1932-1939); 3KK Melbourne (Auburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 940, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (Major) - Awards: Military Star 1914-1915; British War Medal, Victory Medal; MBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Ballarat, 1909); restaurant keeper (Brunswick, 1914); electrical engineer (Richmond, 1914-1917); grazier (Ballarat, 1919); farmer (Linton, 1922); grazier (Fawkner, 1924-1925); engineer (St Kilda, 1943; Auburn, 1949-1968) - Links: [[w:Edwin Kerby|Wikipedia]]

===''KERKIN''===

* [[/Edward James Kerkin|Kerkin, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97PM-NZH] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939); 2ME Sydney (Epping, 1948-1958); 1ME Canberra (HMAS Harmon, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1388, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cycle builder (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); RAN (Epping, NSW, 1949-1963); naval officer (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1968); RAN (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''KERMOND''===

* [[/Leslie John Kermond|Kermond, Leslie John &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W7-Y88] - 1912(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Warrnambool (1928-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 417, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 182, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Warrnambool, 1936-1937); engineer (Swan Hill, 1942); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1949-1980)

===''KERNICK''===

* [[/Percy Edwin Kernick|Kernick, Percy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7S-JW1] - 1888(NSW)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6PK Perth (South Perth, 1927-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 378, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Sandstone/Mt Magnet, 1910); telegraphist (Brown Hill/Kalgoorlie, 1917; South Perth, 1925-1963)

===''KERR''===

* [[/Alfred Dixon Kerr|Kerr, Alfred Dixon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-ZKF] - 1910(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AL Ballarat (1926-1939, 1946-1960); 3JQ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 284, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 18, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, 1931-1968); retired (Hawthorn, 1977)

* [[/Allan Arthur Kerr|Kerr, Allan Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4S-W8R] - 1913(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2AFD Sydney (Thurgoona, 1936-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1826, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thurgoona, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Malvern, Vic, 1949); public servant (Malvern, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frank John Kerr|Kerr, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4H-5HB] - 1918(Eng)-2000(USA) - Licences: 3FK Melbourne (Canterbury, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1705, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio physicist (Cammeray, NSW, 1943; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); physicist (Turramurra, NSW, 1954-1963); radio astronomer (North Manly, NSW, 1963-1968) - Links: [[w:Frank John Kerr|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P001716b.htm EOAS]; [https://baas.aas.org/pub/frank-john-kerr-1918-2000/release/1 BAAS Biography]

* [[/Frederick Charles Kerr|Kerr, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HG-C7L] - 1921(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3AJK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2385, 1939, Vic; COCP2 1096, 1947; COCP1 1215, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Hilton Kerr|Kerr, Hilton &quot;Andy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J3-PB1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936; Darling Point, 1937-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1330, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Manly, NSW, 1930-1935); chauffeur (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Roy Kerr|Kerr, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-SBX] - 1917(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4DK Winton (1937-1939); 4DK Brisbane (Tingalpa, 1946-1951) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1941, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Relationships: brother of Vernon Lester Kerr 4LK - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Vernon Lester Kerr|Kerr, Vernon Lester &quot;Vern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-MCW] - 1912(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4LK Winton (1932-1933); 4LK Cloncurry (1937-1939, 1946-1948); 4LK Charters Towers (1954-1969); 4LK Charleville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 800, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; COCP 1941, amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, Soc Wireless Pioneers USA); employment (RFDS, technical officer / controller / announcer) - Relationships: brother of Roy Kerr 4DK - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1977); technician (Charleville, Qld, 1977)

===''KHAN''===

* [[/Kullandar Jallander Khan|Khan, Kullandar Jallander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX89-VLY] - 1916(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4QA Cairns (1937-1939, 1947); 4DC Cairns (1948-1960); 4DC Brisbane (New Farm, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1979, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 4QA may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 4QA Cairns - Electoral Rolls: picture theatre operater (Cairns, Qld, 1943); radio serviceman (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); tv technician (New Farm, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''KIDMAN''===

* [[/Charles Henry Arthur Kidman|Kidman, Charles Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5J3] - 1894(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 22, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1917); warehouse manager (Narabeen, NSW, 1930-1937); company representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); salesman (Harbord, NSW, 1949-1954); laboratory assistant (Harbord, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Ian McIvor Kidman|Kidman, Ian McIvor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD7Q-7N2] - 1915(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5JK Naracoorte (1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1163, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KIERNAN''===

* [[/Gerard Stanislaus Kiernan|Kiernan, Gerard Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXL-DG6] - 1923(Ireland)-2009(Aus) - Licences: 9GK Port Moresby (1960); 3ER Fiskville (1965); 2BGK Bringelly (1969-1975); 2BGK Moree (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (overseas?) - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: technical officer (Moree, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KIESINGER''===

* [[/Hans Kiesinger|Kiesinger, Hans]] - 19??(Switzerland?)-aft 2004(Qld) - Licences: HS1ALK, VK4/HE9RFF - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; broadcast listener - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified, lived Ghana (1950-1952); Thailand (1953-1979) &amp; Switzerland (1980-1994); may have returned to Switzerland prior to passing

===''KILBORN''===

* [[/Ernest Harrold Kilborn|Kilborn, Ernest Harrold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-Z4N] - 1908(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 883, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Not applicable) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''KILBY''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Kilby|Kilby, Raymond Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-9VD] - 1918(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7RK Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1461, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1568, 1957; 1COCP 1862, 1958; 2COCP T1, 1977 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Launceston, 1943-1972)

===''KILGARIFF''===

* [[/Joseph Kilgariff|Kilgariff, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-XBD] - 1886(NSW)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5JT Adelaide (Burnside, 1937-1939; Erindale, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1884, 1937, SA; 2COCP 325, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Boulder, WA, 1910-1912); builder (Alice Springs, NT, 1934; Burnside, SA, 1939); RAAF (Leabrook, SA, 1943)

===''KILPATRICK''===

* [[/James George Kilpatrick|Kilpatrick, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9F-HYX] - 1884(Eng)-1962(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State Engineer (PMGD, 1920s, 1930s); oversight of new 6WF 1932 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1916; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1917-1919); State engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1936); civil servant (West Perth, WA, 1937); electrical engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1954); retired (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''KILSBY''===

* [[/Keith Wilbur Kilsby|Kilsby, Keith Wilbur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCHP-4ZS] - 1912(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5PR Moorak (1933); 5PR Birdwood (1938); 5PR Wiltyerong via Murray Bridge (1947); 5PR Mingary via Murray Bridge (1948); 5PR Murray Bridge (1954); 5PR Adelaide (Payneham, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 419, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Birdwood, SA, 1939; Wiltyerong, SA, 1941-1943);

===''KIMPTON''===

* [[/Francis William Kimpton|Kimpton, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXZ-6PV] - 1897(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAAZ Grafton (1913-1914); 2BN Receive (1922-1924); 2BN Ballina (1925-1931); 2ABR Byron Bay (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 209, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1930-1932); clerk (Byron Bay, 1935-1936); shipping clerk (Byron Bay, NSW, 1937-1943); clerk (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1954; Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''KING''===

* [[/Charles Calvert King|King, Charles Calvert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQT-4R1] - 1885(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 105, 1915; 2COCP 155, 1930 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1914); warrant telegraphist (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1921-1925); music teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1930); musician (Clovelly, 1931; Rose Bay, 1932-1933); librarian (Woollahra, 1934); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935); Model Maker (Watson's Bay, 1936-1937)

* [[/Fred Esmond King|King, Fred Esmond (Electoral Rolls)  or Esmonde (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-81C] - 1896(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CQ Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Bulliwallah, Qld, 1919-1963)

* [[/Frederick Venn King|King, Frederick Venn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJHN-MV3] - 1888(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Cunnamulla (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1909); grazier (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1913-1921); not stated (Warrambah Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1925); grazier (Barrington Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1930-1954); retired (Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Norman Stanley King|King, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4V-4FT] - 1904(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2SZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1937; Neutral Bay, 1938; Cremorne, 1939); 2AEQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1954; Auburn, 1954-1955; North Sydney, 1956-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 866, 1931, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1937); tram employee (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); controllerman (Auburn, NSW, 1954)

===''KINGSLEY''===

* [[/John Kingsley|Kingsley, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7M-Q6R] - 1912(Aus)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACF Sydney (Artarmon, 1938-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1975; Sydney CBD, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2230, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1968); practitioner (Cremorne, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINGWELL''===

* [[/William Hercules Kingwell|Kingwell, William Hercules]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB)

===''KINNEAR''===

* [[/Henry Kinnear|Kinnear, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-9FV] - 1902(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3IO Receive Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1922); 3KN Melbourne (Brighton, 1932-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948; South Yarra, 19541960; Mt Eliza, 1965-1969); 3AKN Portable Melbourne (Toorak, 1948; South Yarra, 1954-1956); 4AVJ Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 944, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Prahran, Vic, 1924); manager (Prahran, Vic, 1925-1928); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937; South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1967-1968; Toorak, Vic, 1972); company director (Buderim, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''KINSCHER''===

* [[/Ernest Walter Dawes Kinscher|Kinscher, Ernest Walter Dawes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHP2-SLV] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2ADL Nyngan (1936-1937); 2ADL Parkes (!938); 2ADL Werris Creek (1939); 2ADL Sydney (Alexandria, 1946; Marrickville, 1947-1950; Lidcombe, 1954-1969; Baulkham Hills, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1729, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Bourke, NSW, 1936); railway employee (Nyngan, NSW, 1937; Bushman's Hill, Parkes, NSW, 1937); clerk (Alexandria, NSW, 1943; Petersham, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1968; Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINSELLA''===

* [[/Hector Thomas Kinsella|Kinsella, Hector Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-XN9] - 1912(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6HK Perth (Hollywood, 1930; East Perth, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 641, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (South Perth, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1943); pharmacist (Perth, 1949; Narrogin, 1954-1958; Applecross, 1963; Ardross, 1968-1972; Booragoon, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Wade Kinsella|Kinsella, Thomas Wade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8P2-TSG] - 1904(Vic)-2001(NSW)96yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Lubeck (1923); 3TK Lubeck (1924-1926); 3TK Rupanyup (1937-1939); 2FK Sydney (Rose Bay, 1946; Herne Bay, 1947; Sans Souci, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1992, 1937, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 532, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lubeck, 1927-1936); RAN (Sans Souci, 1949-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3AKW William Jennings Kinsella

* [[/William Jennings Kinsella|Kinsella, William Jennings]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PG-S8S] - 1914(Vic)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3AKW Lubeck (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 498, 1943; 2AOCP 55, 1946 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Magdala, Lubeck, 1936-1972; Lubeck, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3TK-2FK Thomas Wade Kinsella

===''KINZBRUNNER''===

* [[/Harry Charles Kinzbrunner|Kinzbrunner, Harry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-SZM] - 1903(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4HK Cloncurry (1929-1931); 4HK Mareeba (1933); 4HK Tully (1937-1939); 4HK Atherton (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 474, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), employment (Australian Inland Mission, QATB) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malanda, 1937); electrical engineer (Ashgrove, 1943); radio mechanic (Atherton, 1943); refrigeration &amp; electrical contractor (Atherton, 1949-1972); electrical contractor (Atherton, 1977-1980)

===''KIRBY''===

* [[/Donald Stewart Kirby|Kirby, Donald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRP7-SQW] - 1915(Eng)-2011(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ALX Orange (1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2268, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Ewan Russell Kirby|Kirby, Ewan Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4R1-4J7] - 1885(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: XZB Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; First set 1909 communicated with M. Harvey; employed Hydro-electric Dept - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1914-1919); engineer (Hobart West, 1922-1936)

* [[/Terence Patrick Kirby|Kirby, Terence Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZC-RYJ] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Kew, 1948-1955; Kilsyth, 1956; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2271, 1939, Vic; COCP1 440, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Centenary Medal, For service to the community through politics, 2001 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical contractor (Lower Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1958); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963); manager (Blackburn South, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''KIRKBY''===

* [[/Brian Kirkby|Kirkby, Brian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (early wireless experimenters, Edward Hope Kirkby, Archibald John Shaw), great grandson of Edward Hope Kirkby

* [[/Charles Edward Kirkby|Kirkby, Charles Edward]] - 1886(Vic)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of George Gill Kirkby

* [[/Edward Hope Kirkby|Kirkby, Edward Hope]] - 1853(At sea)-1915(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, father of George Gill Kirkby and Charles Edward Kirkby

* [[/George Gill Kirkby|Kirkby, George Gill]] - 1884(Vic)-1916(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of Charles Edward Kirkby

===''KIRKE''===

* [[/Basil Everald Wharton Kirke|Kirke, Basil Everald Wharton &quot;B.K.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6NX-FFQ] - 1893(NSW)-1958(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; chief studio announcer/Uncle &quot;Bas&quot; (2BL); manager, 6WF; manager 9PA (1946); manager (ABC, Victoria, 1936) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Subiaco, 1931; Perth, 1934-1936; Melbourne, 1937-1943; Perth, 1954) - Links: [[w:Basil_Kirke|Wikipedia]];[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kirke-basil-everald-wharton-10751 ADB]

===''KIRKLAND''===

* [[/John Booth Kirkland|Kirkland, John Booth]] - 1861(Vic)-1900(Vic) - Licences: - Qualifications: - early telephone experimenter, Melbourne, Geelong &amp; Ballarat

===''KIRKPATRICK''===

* [[/J. Kirkpatrick|Kirkpatrick, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DP Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KISSICK''===

* [[/Alfred Leslie Hawthorn Kissick|Kissick, Alfred Leslie Hawthorn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9D-7LL] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3KB Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1933; East Coburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1965); operator 3CR Coburg Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 141, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963);

===''KITTO''===

* [[/Thomas Collingwood Kitto|Kitto, Thomas Collingwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCKM-W8G] - 1903(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7?? Launceston (1928); 5JR Adelaide (Tusmore, 1931); 2JR Newcastle (1933); 2JS Newcastle (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 425, 1928, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 43, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Launceston, 1928); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1935; Ulverstone, Tas, 1937); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Prahran, 1949); retired (Deception Bay, 1972)

===''KLING''===

* [[/John Robert Kling|Kling, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQZ-B4W] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1928; South Camberwell, 1931; Hawthorn East, 1933; Hampton, 1937-1939); 3AJQ Melbourne (Seaford, 1954-1955; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1956; Frankston, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 403, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1933; Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1949); radio sound engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1954); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''KNAPTON''===

* [[/Carlo Patrick Knapton|Knapton, Carlo Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DQR-R5C] - 1879(Irl)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - wireless trader (WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as vice-president, Wireless Traders Assoc, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1914); lighting engineer (South Perth, 1921-1954) 

===''KNEIPP''===

* [[/James Henry Kneipp|Kneipp, James Henry &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5R-YBH] - 1875(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Morningside, Qld, 1905); railway employee (Morningside, Qld, 1908-1917; Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1958)

===''KNELL''===

* [[/Clive Thomas Burrows Knell|Knell, Clive Thomas Burrows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-S8S] - 1896(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XJDC Melbourne (Windsor, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Windsor, Vic, 1917-1919); farmer (Bunyip North, Vic, 1921-1924); student (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925-1926); clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1927); civil servant (Kew, Vic, 1928-1967) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1796935 AWM]

===''KNIGHT''===

* [[/John Knight|Knight, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVSF-KKZ] - 1916(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Sydney (Lakemba, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1500, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Lakemba, NSW, 1937)

* [[/Rupert Keith Knight|Knight, Rupert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-Z5W] - 1898(Qld)-1934(Qld) - Licences: 4RK Toowoomba (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1919); bank clerk (East Toowoomba, 1925-1926); not specified (East Toowoomba, 1928-1932)

===''KNOCK''===

* [[/Donald Brader Knock|Knock, Donald Brader &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWWR-L62] - 1898(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 1911 Manchester; G6XG London (1924-1926); 2NO Sydney (Cremorne, 1926-1927; Vaucluse, 1927; Kirribilli, 1928; Randwick, 1929); 6NK Wyndham (1930-1931); 2NU Portable Sydney 1935-1939; 5NO Portable Central Australia; 2NO Sydney (Waverley, 1946-1966) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 335, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2MO); radiocommunications engineer; journalist (Wireless Weekly, Radio in ANZ, Radio Monthly, Australian Radio News, Bulletin, Australasian Radio World); military (WW1 - Royal Naval Air Service, WW2 - AIF lieutenant-major) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, 1930); radio journalist (Waverley, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Waverley, 1935-1963)

===''KNOWLES''===

* [[/Henry Carlisle Maddison Knowles|Knowles, Henry Carlisle Maddison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Q8-642] - 1901(NSW)-1945(ACT) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 653, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Woolahra, 1933; Kingston, ACT, 1935-1943)

===''KNYVETT''===

* [[/Edmund Lawrence Knyvett|Knyvett, Edmund Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH1-RTC] - 1912(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1540, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: banker (Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1937); bank official (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1963); bank officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1972; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''KOETS''===

* [[/Carolus Gerbrandus Koets|Koets, Carolus or Charles Gerbrandus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBWB-3MQ] - 1890(Netherlands)-1982(Netherlands) - Licences: 2GK Bredalbane (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sydney CBD, 1934; Dunedoo, 1935; Newtown, NSW, 1936; Erskinville, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Lewisham, NSW, 1937); poultry farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1943); carpenter (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954; Enmore, NSW, 1958); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1958; Annandale, NSW, 1963; Redcliffe, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''KOGLIN''===

* [[/Merton Herman Koglin|Koglin, Merton Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6NG-SM2] - 1894(Tas)-1967(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1948-1955; Lindisfarne, 1956-1960; South Hobart, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2346, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Queenstown, Tas, 1919); joiner (Hobart, Tas, 1922; Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Forest Lodge, NSW, 1931; Toxteth, NSW, 1933-1934; Hobart, Tas, 1936-1943); carpenter (Hobart, Tas, 1949-1954; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1958; Hobart, Tas, 1963)

===''KOSSECK''===

* [[/Edwin Frederick Kosseck|Kosseck, Edwin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-VTG] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Geelong (Belmont, 1930-1933); 3AKE Geelong (Newport, 1947; Belmont, 1948-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 705, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Newport, Vic, 1943); gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''KRAEGEN''===

* [[/Carl W. J. Kraegen|Kraegen, Carl W. J. &quot;Charles&quot;]] - 1831?(Germany?)-1871(NT) - Licences: - Qualifications: - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, SA Posts &amp; Telegraphs), telegraph operator (Ballarat, Portland), developed an early system of explosive detonation by battery, tragically died of thirst during the construction of the Overland Telegraph

===''KRUGER''===

* [[/Francis Augustine Kruger|Kruger, Francis Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJZ-58H] - 1907(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Receive Charlton (1922-1923); 3HE Charlton (1924-1925); 3AI Charlton (1935-1939); 3AI Strathmore (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1541, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Charlton, 1928-1937); cinema operator (Charlton, 1942); executive (Essendon, 1949-1968; Strathmore, 1977-1980)

=='''L'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''LABY''===

* [[/Thomas Howell Laby|Laby, Thomas Howell]] - 1880(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - frequent lecturer on wireless topics to WIA Vic in the 1920s; education (BA Cambridge 1905, PhD Cambridge 1921); employment (University of Sydney, 1901-1904; Cavendish Laboratory, 1905; Professor Physics, Victoria University College, Wellington, 1909; Professor Natural Philosophy, University of Melbourne, 1915-1930+); Royal Society of Victoria (president, 1924)

===''LACK''===

* [[/Francis James Lack|Lack, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCQH-WJR] - 1876(NSW)-1949(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Sandgate, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Warwick, Qld, 1903; Tiaro, Qld, 1905-1906; Maryborough, Qld, 1908); fish agent (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1916); accountant (Sandgate, Qld, 1917-1949)

===''LAFFERTY''===

* [[/John Austral Lafferty|Lafferty, John Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-XGQ] - 1913(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 3JZ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1934-1937); 3JZ Yarram (1938-1939); 3JZ Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1969); 2OL Bermagui (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1284, 1934, Vic; BOCP 1672, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1935-1947) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1936); mechanic (Kyabram, Vic, 1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942-1972); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LAHEY''===

* [[/John Wesley Lahey|Lahey, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKRX-KPL] - 1850(Irl)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: sawmill proprietor (Clayfield, Qld, 1908-1909); sawmiller (Clayfield, Qld, 1913-1936)

===''LAIDLER''===

* [[/Thomas Laidler|Laidler, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1KG-31L] - 1904(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5TL Ceduna (1937-1939, 1947); 5TL Largs Bay (1948); 5TL Renmark (1954-1960); 5TL Adelaide (Glandore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1934, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Ceduna, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LAKE''===

* [[/Eric James Lake|Lake, Eric James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDFZ-CKK]- 1906(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4EL Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1946-1948); 4EL Clevedon (1954-1956); 4EL Townsville (Belgian Gardens, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 54, 1931; AOCP 966, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, instructor); broadcast technician (4QN); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943-1949; Townsville, Qld, 1954-1963);

===''LAKER''===

* [[/Frank John Federal Laker|Laker, Frank John Federal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1V2-P8Q] - 1899(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Deniliquin (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1925); clerk (Bondi, 1935-1937); accountant (North Rocks, 1954)

===''LALOR''===

* [[/Peter Fintan Lalor|Lalor, Peter Fintan]] - 1827(Irl)-1889(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Leader of the Eureka Stockade; Postmaster-General Victoria (Aug 1875-Oct 1875)

===''LAMB''===

* [[/A. D. Lamb|Lamb, A. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DK Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Joseph Wiseman Lamb|Lamb, James Joseph Wiseman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-49X] - 1876(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 119, 1915; 1COCP 264, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Relationships: father of Harry Spencer Lamb - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); radio station master (Townsville, Qld, 1921); wireless (Malvern, Vic, 1927);  superintendent (Toorak, Vic, 1928-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Harry Spencer Lamb|Lamb, Harry Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-SQY] - 1906(WA)-1984(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcaster - Relationships: son of James Joseph Wiseman Lamb - Electoral Rolls:

===''LAMBART''===

* [[/John Mark Lambart|Lambart, John Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-9DB] - 1902(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3WN Sea Lake (1934-1939); 3WN Ballarat (1947-1948); 3WN Sebastopol (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1283, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Ararat, Vic, 1924; Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1937; Soldiers Hill, Vic, 1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949; Sebastopol, Vic, 1954-1977)

===''LAMBERT''===

* [[/Francis Redmond Lambert|Lambert, Francis Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBP-N7Z] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Alphington, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 59, 1932; COCP2 397, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Alphington, Vic, 1934-1967; Fairfield, Vic, 1972); translator (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1977); clerk (Yallambie, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Frank Clayton Lambert|Lambert or Mason, Frank Clayton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-761] - 1908(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6FL Perth (South Perth, 1929-1931); 6FL Geraldton (1933); 6FL Perth (Wembley, 1937-1939; Subiaco, 1947); 3AFL Bairnsdale (1948); 6FL Perth (Claremont, 1954-1956; Bassendean, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 503, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: picture employee (South Perth, WA, 1931); projectionist (Albany, WA, 1934); sound projectionist (East Fremantle, WA, 1936); projectionist (Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Subiaco, WA, 1943-1949); dealer (Claremont, WA, 1954); radio dealer (Bassendean, WA, 1958-1980)

===''LAMPARD''===

* [[/Edward Geoffrey Lampard|Lampard, Edward Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD76-BTK] - 1897(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIQ Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Australian Flying Corps (WW1, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); mechanical engineer (Killara, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954; Stanwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Brighton le Sands, NSW, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIQ - Edward Geoffrey Lampard&quot;

===''LANCE''===

* [[/George Basil Lance|Lance, George Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G182-WVT] - 1920(Vic)-2015(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3DS Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2286, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); radio repairer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949); radio retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954-1968); retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1977); retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1980)

===''LANE''===

* [[/Cyril Herbert Dodson Lane|Lane, Cyril Herbert Dodson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWYS-VSB] - 1888(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XDM Sydney (1909-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: born Cyril Herbert Dodson - Relationships: brother-in-law of Charles Dansie Maclurcan - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/248422 VWMA] -  {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leslie Sydney Lane|Lane, Leslie Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9Y-FKC]- 1892(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XGE Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 2LL Sydney (Randwick, 1926-1928); 2LL Weethalle (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 699, 1946 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Weethalle, NSW, 1930-1943); electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949); charge hand (Abbotsford, NSW, 1954-1963);

* [[/Robert William Lane|Lane, Robert William &quot;Bobby&quot; or Tex Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSXW-HM7] - 1916(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[Tex_Morton|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/morton-tex-15027 ADB]

* [[/Ronald William Lane|Lane, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D2-RRV] - 1919(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (East Prahran, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2274, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Armadale. Vic, 1949-1967; Prahran, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''LANG''===

* [[/Henry Bryan Lang|Lang, Henry Bryan &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9B-4PP] - 1903(Vic)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6HL Perth (Claremont, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2098, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1925); radio mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1972)

===''LANGAN''===

* [[/Harold Francis Langan|Langan, Harold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX1-DJM] - 1905(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 40, 1931; AOCP 773, 1931, NSW; COCP2 412, 1932; COCP1 729, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Clovelly, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Clovelly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Waverley South, NSW, 1936; Randwick North, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Lavender Bay, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); radio operator (Kensington, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Buff Point via Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''LANGENSCHIED''===

* [[/Ernest Carl Hamilton Langenschied|Langenschied, Ernest Carl Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8Z-JMY] - 1895(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6EL Geraldton (1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2180, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bassendean, WA, 1931); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1936); kitchenhand (Bayswater, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Bassendean, WA, 1943)

===''LANGFIELD''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Langfield|Langfield, Harold Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-3D6] - 1893(Wales)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4CO Brisbane (Rosalie, 1935-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1572, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: club steward (Rosalie, Qld, 1934-1977; Paddington, Qld, 1980);

===''LANGFORD-SMITH''===

* [[/Fritz Langford-Smith|Langford-Smith, Fritz]] - 1904(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - electronics designer (AWA); author (Radiotron Designers Handbook); journalist (Radiotronics) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198908.pdf EA]

===''LANGHANS''===

* [[/Ron Langhans|Langhans, Ron]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcasting); author (First Twelve Months of Broadcasting)

===''LANGRIDGE''===

* [[/George David Langridge|Langridge, George David]] - 1829(Eng)-1891(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Postmaster-General Victoria in early 1880s

===''LAPTHORNE''===

* [[/Horace Charles Lapthorne|Lapthorne, Horace Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W8-STK] - 1900(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1924); 2HL Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1938; Lane Cove, 1939; Artarmon, 1948-1969); 2HL Noraville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 422, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943-1968); retired (Noraville, 1972)

===''LARSEN''===

* [[/Herbert Peter Christian Larsen|Larsen, Herbert Peter Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36L-GHQ] - 1901(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4JW Charters Towers(1928-1937); 4JW Cairns (1938-1939, 1947-1956); 4JW Charters Towers (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 439, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: brewery hand (Charters Towers, 1925-1936); engine driver (Cairns, 1943-1954; Charters Towers, 1958-1968)

===''LARSSON''===

* [[/Gustaf William Larsson|Larsson, Gustaf William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTD-55K] - 1902(Tas)-1992(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 92, 1932; AOCP 3275, 1952 - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hobart West, 1928-1936)

===''LATHWELL''===

* [[/Arthur George Couzens Lathwell|Lathwell, Arthur George Couzens]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH3-G9L] - 1911(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AL Bunbury (1935-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1467, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician's assistant (Bunbury, WA, 1936-1937); electrician (Bunbury, WA, 1943-1980)

===''LAUNDER-CRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge|Launder-Cridge, Wilfred Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-S5L] - 1899(Eng)-1960(Tas) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Brooklyn Park, 1928); 3QZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3UU Melbourne (Essendon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 200, 1930; 1COCP 120, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon North, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cambridge, Tas, 1943); OIC, DCA (Forrest, WA, 1958)

===''LAURENCE''===

* [[/John Henry Laurence|Laurence, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-YKV] - 1916(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MZ Adelaide (Malvern, 1933-1939); 3PF Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1948); 3PF Benalla (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1164, 1933, SA; 1COCP 118, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Ceduna, 1941-1943); farmer (Wellington, Benalla, 1949-1963; Benalla, 1967-1980)

===''LAURENSON''===

* [[/Sydney John Laurenson|Laurenson, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52L-GZL] - 1913(NSW)-1998(WA) - Licences: 2IS Sydney (Bexley, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 395, 1932; COCP1 291, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:  engineer (East Perth, WA, 1943); technician (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); manager (South Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Doubleview, WA, 1958-1963); radio officer (Doubleview, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Doubleview, WA, 1980)

===''LAURIE-RHODES''===

* [[/Melbourne Clive Laurie-Rhodes|Laurie-Rhodes, Melbourne Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-6K1] - 1915(Qld)-1997(NZ) - Licences: 4XU Brisbane (Hendra, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1353, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hendra, Qld, 1936-1937)

===''LAVER''===

* [[/Charles Poynton Laver|Laver, Charles Poynton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JBH-SNC] - 1882(Eng)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5CP Cape Borda (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Lightkeeper (Cape Borda, SA, 1939; Edithburgh, 1941-1951)

===''LAVINGTON''===

* [[/Frederick Morgan Eric Lavington|Lavington, Frederick Morgan Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJM-ZC9] - 1903(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 2ZC Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1923); 2ZC Sydney (Waverley, 1923; Bondi, 1924-1925; Mosman, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Manly, 1930); engineer (Strathfield, 1932; Ashfield West, 1935-1936); electrical engineer (Ashfield West, 1937); engineer (Kensington, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1972)

===''LAVRICK''===

* [[/Otto Arthur Lavrick|Lavrick, Otto Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4T-Z91] - 1878(???)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6AV Receive Perth (Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1917); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1937; Norseman, WA, 1943); retired (Maylands, WA, 1954)

===''LAWLESS''===

* [[/Frank Alexander Lawless|Lawless, Frank Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-XVF] - 1883(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XDT Sydney (Enmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Pioneer, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: tram-driver (Enmore, NSW 1913; West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2067936 Embarkation Roll]

===''LAWRIE''===

* [[/Kevan Alic Lawrie|Lawrie, Kevan Alec or Alic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRS-5YP] - 1915(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5AK Adelaide (Lockleys, 1936-1939; York, 1947-1948; Lockleys, 1954-1965; Brooklyn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1602, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lockleys, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LAW''===

* [[/F. W. Law|Law, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923); 6CZ Perth (Armadale, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''LAWS''===

* [[/David Andrew Laws|Laws, David Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-FW5] - 1909(Qld)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 829, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Commando) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taringa, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/635901] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Sidney Frank Henry Laws|Laws, Sidney Frank Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6ZT-GBH] - 1893(NZ)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 6, 1914, No. 6 in Aus and Vic - commercial operator; coastal station operator; manager 7ZL (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 7ZL) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Wireless Station, Townsville, 1915); farmer (Launching Place, 1918); electrical engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1919); engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1919-1924); manager (Launceston, 1928); company manager (Double Bay, NSW, 1930-1931)

===''LAWTON''===

* [[/Alexander Kyle Lawton|Lawton, Alexander Kyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-FWT] - 1889(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD), radio clubs (QWI, member), business (movie theatres, Amico), WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowoomba, 1913; Wynnum South, 1915-1916); manager (Windsor, 1919); engineer (Nundah, 1925-1928); manager (Townsville, 1936-1937; Nundah, 1943-1949); manufacturer's agent (Virginia, 1954-1958); company director (Ashfield, 1963); sales manager (Ashfield, 1968-1977)

===''LEADBITTER''===

* [[/James Henry Leadbitter|Leadbitter, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP1-3V1] - 1882(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Receive West Wyalong (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (Darlington, 1903); mechanic (West Wyalong, 1913); cycle mechanic (West Wyalong, 1930-1943)

===''LE CORNU''===

* [[/Oswald Charles Cornu|Le Cornu, Oswald Charles &quot;Blue&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99TF-H5V] - 1898(NSW)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 2GK Bellingen (1931-1933); 2GK Lismore (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 795, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, Howitzer Brigade, Signals School, 1916-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: car-driver (Bellingen, NSW, 1930-1932); electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1937); PMG Linesman (Casino, NSW, 1943); lineman (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1968)

===''LEAL''===

* [[/Athol Frederick James Leal|Leal, Athol Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Y-WXN] - 1914(SA)-2000(???) - Licences: 5LQ Adelaide (Magill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2310, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: improver (Magill, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LEANEY''===

* [[/William Gregory Leaney|Leaney, William Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-JF9] - 1895(SA)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923); 3XN Melbourne (Northcote, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Northcote, 1919-1954); driver (Coburg, 1963-1977); nil (Preston, 1980)

===''LEARMONTH''===

* [[/Lionel Pearson Learmonth|Learmonth, Lionel Pearson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNK-M9F] - 1890(Vic)-1934(At Sea) - Licences: 3PL Hamilton (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Drowned when Ketch was wrecked near New Years Island, Tasmania - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1912-1917); auctioneer (Hamilton, Vic, 1919-1931)

===''LEBER''===

* [[/David Leber|Leber, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-847] - 1905(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Richmond, 1929-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 481, 1929, Vic; COCP3 45, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1942); salesman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949)

===''LECKIE''===

* [[/Herbert Crockett Leckie|Leckie, Herbert Crockett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-QQN] - 1927(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 1170, 1947 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond Campbell Leckie|Leckie, Raymond Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2Q-ZZV] - 1904(Vic)-1987(ACT) - Licences: 3TU Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923); 3TU Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 215, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Sandringham, 1926); public servant (Braddon, 1935; Turner, 1943-1968); examiner of patents (Hughes, 1972); retired (Hughes, 1977-1980)

===''LEE''===

* [[/Francis Henry Samuel Lee|Lee, Francis Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LB-9NX] - 1892(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Bowral (1930); 4FI Kaparoko, Papua (1933); 2FL Glenbrook (1934); 2FL Sydney (Strathfield, 1935-1937); 4LF Misima, Papua (1938); 2LE Sydney (Brookly, 1946-1947; Dolans Bay, 1948-1950; Kogarah Bay, 1954-1955); 2LE Avoca Beach (1956-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 43, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Harris Park, NSW, 1913); storekeeper (Glenbrook, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Brooklyn, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Avoca Beach, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/George Lister Lee|Lee, George Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNC-NFY] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AGD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1937-1938; Birmingham Gardens, 1939, 1946-1958; Kahibah, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1893, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Birminham Gardens, NSW, 1943-1958); turner (Kahibah, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LEE-ARCHER''===

* [[/Evan Leslie Lee-Archer|Lee-Archer, Evan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2K-F3W] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931); 3LM Wonthaggi (1933); 3LM Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1937; Malvern East, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 534, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1933); radio engineer (Korumburra, Vic, 1934); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1935); mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937)

===''LEGGE''===

* [[/Arthur William Legge|Legge, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9MJS-QKM] - 1906(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ulverstone, 1928); no occupation (Hobart South, 1936); zinc worker (Hobart East, 1943); farmer (Cullenswood, 1949-1954)

===''LE GRAND''===

* [[/Sydney Walter Le Grand|Le Grand, Sydney Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQDD-D57] - 1902(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4LG Brisbane (Windsor, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 882, 1925; 2COCP 34, 1929; 1COCP 151, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Windsor, 1925-1926); operator (Woollahra, 1931-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1949; Bondi Junction, 1954-1968); retired (Banora Point, 1972-1977)

===''LELLIOTT''===

* [[/Harvey William Lelliott|Lelliott, Harvey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8D-LNT] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3ZG Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939; Sunshine, 1947-1956; McKinnon, 1960); 3ZG Ararat (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1769, 1936, Vic; TVOCP 571, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Sunshine, Vic, 1942-1954); public servant (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963); PMG technician (Ararat, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Lelliott|Lelliott, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-4PX] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3ZW Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1930-1939); 3AZW Melbourne (Boronia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 684, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 68, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Mont Albert, 1937); operator (Caulfield, 1942); public servant (Boronia, 1963-1980)

===''LEMMON''===

* [[/Charles Edward Lemmon|Lemmon, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-Z21] - 1885(Eng)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 95, 1915; 2COCP 120, 1930; 1COCP 71, 1930 - coastal wireless operator; WW2; RANRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1915); officer-in-charge Wireless Station (Rockhampton, 1916-1921); radio telegraphist (Applecross, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); wireless operator (Broome, 1937); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1943-1949); retired (Rivervale, 1954-1963)

===''LEMPRIERE''===

* [[/Charles Louis Lempriere|Lempriere, Charles Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Y-NPS] - 1857(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Vermont, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: surgeon (South Yarra, 1912-1919); medical practitioner (Vermont, 1924-1934)

===''LENDRUM''===

* [[/Alexander Lendrum|Lendrum, Alexander &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NZ-Y5Y] - 1887(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Sydney (Kensington, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1913); yardman (Toowoomba, 1921); constable (Kensington, 1930-1937)

===''LE NEVEZ''===

* [[/Arthur Le Nevez|Le Nevez, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C2-J6C] - 1913(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2LN Sydney (Annandale, 1933-1939); 2LN Lord Howe Island (1947-1954); 2LN Sydney (Bradfield Park, 1955; West Pymble, 1956-1980+); 2ABA Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1092, 1933, NSW; COCP1 85, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Annandale, NSW, 1934-1936); aeradio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Pymble, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''LENNON''===

* [[/Christopher James Lennon|Lennon, Christopher James &quot;Chris&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJL3-LZF] - 1889(Vic)-1932(Aus) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 4, 1929 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916-1917); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1925); telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1931)

===''LENON''===

* [[/Robert John Fitzmaurice Lenon|Lenon, Robert John Fitzmaurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WJ-1FK] - 1903(NSW)-1979(ACT) - Licences: 2TV Cowra (1935-1939); 2TV Canberra (Turner, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1515, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cowra, NSW, 1930-1937); joiner (Turner, ACT, 1949-1977)

===''LEONARD''===

* [[/Aubrey Benedict Leonard|Leonard, Aubrey Benedict]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-N4X] - 1896(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Receive Drouin (1922-1923); 3EN Drouin (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 244, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Drouin, 1922-1928); radio dealer (Drouin, 1931-1954); retired (Drouin, 1963-1967) 

* [[/John William Leonard|Leonard, John William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G494-BY4] - 1906(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (Black Rock, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 386, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Sandringham, 1931-1943); shopkeeper (Sandringham, 1949-1968)

* [[/Leslie Clarence Leonard|Leonard, Leslie Clarence &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH15-16Q] - 1902(Vic)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5LT Adelaide (Payneham, 1946-1947; Medindie, 1948); 5LT Port Lincoln (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2336, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pilot (The Terrace, SA, 1939)

* [[/Vincent Halpin Leonard|Leonard, Vincent Halpin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8S4-TXD] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Melbourne (?, 1938-1939; Kew, 1946-1956); 3PJ St Andrews (1960); 3PJ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2167, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1937; Kew, 1937-1954); public servant (St Andrews, 1958; Balwyn, 1963-1980)

===''LESLIE''===

* [[/Julian Leslie|Leslie, Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS98-211] - 1873(Vic)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 142, 1915; 1COCP 246, 1932 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, WA, 1910-1912; Applecross, WA, 1913); O.I.C. (Radio Telegraph Station, Broome, WA, 1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Thursday Island, 1925-1926); superintendent of wireless (Auburn, Vic, 1928); supervisor B.H. service (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''LESTER''===

* [[/Jack Lester|Lester, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5FQ-NQL] - 1902(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LR Renmark (1930-1937); 5LR Berri (1938-1939); 5LR Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1946-1947; Blackwood, 1954-1965); 5LR Victor Harbour (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 674, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 236, 1935; BOCP 369, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Berri, 1939-1943)

===''LETT''===

* [[/Frederick James Norman Lett|Lett, Frederick James Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-Y8D] - 1903(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923); 2WN Sydney (Annandale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Annandale, 1930-1936); publican (Sydney, 1937); hotelkeeper (Clifton Gardens Hotel, Mosman, 1943); Darlinghurst, 1949; Dulwich Hill, 1958; Marrickville, 1963); retired (Church Point, 1968)

===''LEUNIG''===

* [[/William Leslie Leunig|Leunig, William Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD25-HD2] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDR Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1914-1919; Maryborough, Vic, 1921; Murrumbeena, Vic, 1922-1927; Elsternwick, Vic, 1928); civil servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (Dingley, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''LEVENSPIEL''===

* [[/Pinkus Levenspiel|Levenspiel, Pinkus or Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JB-QSL] - 1904(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2TX Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 668, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wyong, NSW, 1936-1937); mechanic (Wyong, NSW, 1949-1963); motor dealer (Ourimbah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''LEVERETT''===

* [[/John Henry Leverett|Leverett, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV79-R7Q] - 1894(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 25, 1914; 1COCP 88, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, 1916); telegraphist (Ascot, Qld, 1921); wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1943); wireless inspector (Burwood, NSW, 1954)

===''LEVERRIER''===

* [[/Francis Hewitt Leverrier|Leverrier, Francis Hewitt &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBT-DP5] - 1863(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Waverley, 1911-1914, Licence No. 5) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; radio clubs (WIA, president, 1910) - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Vaucluse, 1930-1934, Kings Counsel) - Relationships: father of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier 

* [[/Frank Neville Leverrier|Leverrier, Frank Neville &quot;Boy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6RF-W2W] - 1904(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922-1923); 2BK Sydney (Vaucluse, 1924-1930); 2ADE Castle Cove (1969-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 169, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 931, 1926) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio work (Vaucluse, 1930); clerk (Vaucluse, 1933-1937); superintendent (Vaucluse, 1943-1949); public relations (Roseville, 1963-1968; Castle Cove, 1977) - Relationships: son of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier - TroveTag: &quot;2BK-2ADE - Frank Neville Leverrier&quot;

* [[/Henri Andre Leverrier|Leverrier, Henri Andre &quot;Henry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68N-18J] - 1882(NCL)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Gordon, 1911); XHL Sydney (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, Australian General Electric, Sydney)  - Relationships: nephew of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier; cousin of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Sydney, 1913); manager (Crows Nest, 1930-1937)

===''LEVINGS''===

* [[/Stanley Basil Levings|Levings, Stanley Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1P-ZYH] - 1912(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3NS Melbourne (Regent, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1794, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); fitter (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''LEVY''===

* [[/Lewis Joseph Levy|Levy, Lewis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFT-KSW] - 1902(Qld)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 1686 Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); area officer (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); agent (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Levy|Levy, Richard &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-Z38] - 1909(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 654, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Torrensville, 1943)

===''LEWINGTON''===

* [[/Roy Lewington|Lewington, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SN-BB4] - 1895(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XBX Sydney (Chatswood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Gunner, 7th B. A. Column) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; (apprentice electrical fitter for Coupland &amp; Waddell, Sydney at enlistment 1915) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/315726 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10241304 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''LEWIS''===

* [[/Charles Edward Cornelius Lewis|Lewis, Charles Edward Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPH-278] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NL Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 932, 1932, Vic; COCP1 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: factory employee (North Melbourne, Vic, 1936-1943); waterside worker (Ascot Vale East, Vic, 1954); electrical (Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Essendon North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Henry Garrett Lewis|Lewis, Henry Garrett &quot;Harry&quot;]] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Hobart (no record of licence identified as yet) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (reported experimenting from 1912); councillor WIA Tas in 1923; manager 3UZ 1924 - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/William John Lewis|Lewis, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYJ-BZQ] - 1908(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2YB Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1936; McMahons Point, 1937); 6YB Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939); 2YB Sydney (Haberfield, 1947-1950; Paddington, 1954-1969; Ryde, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 863, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WJLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified due to numbers

===''LEYDEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael Leyden|Leyden, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-FP5] - 1914(WA)-1998(Eng) - Licences: 2AGP Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1612, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

===''LIGHT''===

* [[/Cecil Eade Light|Light, Cecil Eade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-PKF] - 1913(NSW)-1985(Eng) - Licences: 2QM Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1183, 1933, NSW; COCP2 17, 1934; COCP1 137, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1927-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Coogee, NSW, 1934); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937)

===''LIGHTON''===

* [[/Robert Lighton|Lighton, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HJ-HD1] - 1869(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: 3CM Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1922-1924); 3RL Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 179, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toongabbie, 1903; Benalla, 1916); independent means (East St Kilda, 1928; Armadale, 1937)

===''LILLIE''===

* [[/Raymond Charles Beaumont Lillie|Lillie, Raymond Charles Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS6-5W2] - 1907(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2QG Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939; Randwick, 1946-1955; Seaforth, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 417, 1932; COCP1 315, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1933); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1935; Randwick North, NSW, 1943-1954; Seaforth, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''LINDEN''===

* [[/Edwin Linden|Linden, Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-PRV] - 1904(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4FT Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Murgon, Qld, 1925); mechanic (Wilston, Qld, 1928); storekeeper (Clayfield, Qld, 1936-1937); telephone mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Bowen, Qld, 1954); PMG technician (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''LINDNER''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Lindner|Lindner, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVX-787] - 1904(NSW)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4BX Receive Brisbane (Alderley) 1922 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wilston, 1928); motor mechanic (Maleny, 1934); mechanic (Windsor, 1936-1972); retired (Mt Samson, 1977)

===''LINDSAY''===


* [[/Donald Gordon Lindsay|Lindsay, Donald Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-126] - 1909(Vic)-1964(WA) - Licences: 2DY Sydney (Gordon, 1925-1936; Ashfield, 1937; Concord, 1938; Kogarah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 83, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Concord, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Maxwell Lindsay|Lindsay, Herbert Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3L-S78] - 1913(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4HD Nambour (1937-1939); 4HD Buderim (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2027, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); employment (company secretary) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1943); fruitgrower (Buderim, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Lindsay|Lindsay, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRN-YDH] - 1911(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2AKR Sydney (Annandale, 1938-1939; Lidcombe, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2193, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933); shop assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1934); mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/Patrick Charles Edward Lindsay|Lindsay, Patrick Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7R-8YZ] - 1896(Eng)-19??(Eng?) - Licences: 6PL Perth (West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 855, 1925; 2COCP 37, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (West Perth, WA, 1922; Balcatta, WA, 1925); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1934)

===''LING''===

* [[/Thomas James Ling|Ling, Thomas James &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWV-7Q7] - 1917(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1897, 1937, NSW; BOCP 68, 1937; TVOCP 1259, 1974 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; West Sydney, NSW, 1954-1958; Hyde Park, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Hyde Park, NSW, 1968; Concord, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''LINKLATER''===

* [[/Donald Charles Linklater|Linklater, Donald Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-Z44] - 1905(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 5DL Pinnaroo (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1521, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958)

===''LITCHFIELD''===

* [[/Ainslie Roland Litchfield|Litchfield, Ainslie Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3Z-FRP] - 1906(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RL Cooma (1925-1939); 2RL Sydney (Woollahra, 1947; Darling Point, 1948-1954; Rozelle, 1955-1958; Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 200, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF; RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Cooma, 1930-1937); film producer (Avalon Beach, 1958-1968)

* [[/Llma Newby Litchfield|Brooks nee Litchfield, Llma Newby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G2-YCR] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YG Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1516, 1935, NSW - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Temora, NSW, 1943); home duties (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Rangemore via Deniliquin, NSW, 1949-1963; Deniliquin, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LITHGOW''===

* [[/John Charles Lithgow|Lithgow, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-5TL] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Eng) - Licences: 7WJ Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1688, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Marine officer? 1950s-1960s, several sea trips

===''LITTLEFAIR''===

* [[/George Thomas Littlefair|Littlefair, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-4MT] - 1899(Eng)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YV Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936; Randwick, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1533, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1931); garage proprietor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); draftsman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''LITTLEJOHN''===

* [[/Arthur Sydney Littlejohn|Littlejohn, Arthur Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DW-VDD] - 1905(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939); 4LF Gunalda (1947); 2OU Sydney (Leichhardt, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 579, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LLEWELLYN''===

* [[/Alan Hugh Llewellyn|Llewellyn, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-6R5] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1939; Ryde, 1946-1965; Epping, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9320, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 269, 1935; TVOCP 68, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EE John Lewis Llewellyn - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Lewis Llewellyn|Llewellyn, John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVH-W5H] - 1907(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2EE Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935-1939; Mosman, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1519, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2AH Alan Hugh Llewellyn - Comment: Several contemporaneous JLLs including his father &amp; son - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''LLOYD''===

* [[/Henry Howard Lloyd|Lloyd, Henry Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST7-9LV] - 1904(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (College Town, 1923-1927); 5AG Adelaide (College Town, 1923); 5HL Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 57, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Beware another Henry Howard Lloyd [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDY-FS3] 1912-1981 in Adelaide, similar times - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Hughie Frederick Lloyd|Lloyd, Hughie or Hugh Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-Y95] - 1917(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5BC Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939); 5BC Berri (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1137, 1933, SA; BOCP 281, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5HD William Edward Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939)

* [[/Roger Barton Lloyd|Lloyd, Roger Barton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTSZ-4GK] - 1922(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2AMO Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939, 1946-1950; Kellyville, 1954-1961; Castle Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2317, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Kellyville, NSW, 1954-1958); loss assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Ernest George Lloyd|Lloyd, Walter Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY6-8SZ] - 1909(Eng)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AJF Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2103, 1938, NSW; COCP1 408, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Wickham, NSW, 1930; Islington, NSW, 1932; Stockton, NSW, 1933-1937); senior communications officer (Longreach, Qld, 1949)

* [[/William Edward Lloyd|Lloyd, William Edward &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGB-WR9] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5HD Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Cumberland, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1215, 1933, SA; 2COCP 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Brother of 5BC Hughie Frederick Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: nil (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LOCKHART''===

* [[/Leon Edward Lockhart|Lockhart, Leon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CJ-6GG] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LE Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939; Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 514, 1929, Vic; 1COCP 205, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elwood, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''LOESER''===

* [[/Hedley Edmond Loeser|Loeser, Hedley Edmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXL-RM6] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5LO Adelaide (Goodwood, 1936-1939; Col Light Gardens, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1748, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: display artist (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''LOFBERG''===

* [[/Oscar Edward Lofberg|Lofberg, Oscar Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMV-Z9X] - 1912(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946; Rockdale, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1504, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist's apprentice (Bexley, NSW, 1935-1943); pharmacist (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949)

===''LOGAN''===

* [[/Edward George Logan|Logan, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PQ-2L4] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1547, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Glenhuntly, Vic, 1942-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972)

===''LOMAX''===

* [[/Joseph Lomax|Lomax, Joseph]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EB Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1913-1914; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1916-1917; Coorparoo, Qld, 1921-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926)

===''LONDON''===

* [[/James William London|London, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTH-BBX] - 1916(NZ)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 2UP Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1087, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Colonel) - Awards: OBE; MID - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1943); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10686688 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1518040 Mentioned in Despatches]

===''LONERAGAN''===

* [[/William Harry Bailey Loneragan|Loneragan, William Harry Bailey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT9-5SC] - 1917(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2227, 1938, WA; BOCP 83, 1937) - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son-in-law of Charles Edward Lemmon - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); engineer (Station 6BY, Yornup, WA, 1954-1963); radio engineer (6AM, Northam, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Dawesville, WA, 1980)

===''LONG''===

* [[/Charles Richard Willard Long|Long, Charles Richard Willard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-BZK] - 1913(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3CL Melbourne (Frankston, 1932-1939, 1947-1975; Carrum Downs, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 892, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Frankston, Vic, 1934-1972); timber worker? (Carrum Downs, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Long|Long, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-ZT8] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1640, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Canterbury, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1968); electrical engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Timothy Joseph Long|Long, Timothy Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ19-Z9G] - 1884(Qld)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 140, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Comment: suicide after diagnosis terminal illness - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1908); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Townsville, 1921)

===''LONGLEY''===

* [[/Ruth Victoria Longley|Harris nee Longley, Ruth Victoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-5GJ] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6YL Perth (Shenton Park, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1808, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator; WW2 - Relationships: Wife of 6NL Valentine Harms Harris - Electoral Rolls: saleswoman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); home duties (Applecross, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Applecross, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''LONGMORE''===

* [[/Harold Longmore|Longmore, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY39-K2K] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3FD Shepparton (1934-1937); 3FD Lubeck (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1325, 1934, Vic; BOCP 7, 1936; COCP2 284, 1940; COCP1 324, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (3LK Lubeck); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936); radio technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1949); theatre proprietor (Tatura, Vic, 1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1980)

===''LONGSTAFF''===

* [[/Thomas Allen Hector Longstaff|Longstaff, Thomas Allen Hector &quot;Allen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQM-WF3] - 1896(SA)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XVR Adelaide (Alberton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 55, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: executive (Brighton, Vic, 1949)

===''LONGWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald John Longworth|Longworth, Reginald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KC-GZV] - 1910(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Greenwich, 1931-1933; Wollstonecraft, 1933-1938; St Leonards, 1939, 1947-1958; Forestville, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 791, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 25, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1933; Naremburn, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1936; North Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1937; Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954-1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963)

===''LONSDALE''===

* [[/Russell George Lonsdale|Lonsdale, Russell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWX-JNM] - 1909(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2AKY Lismore (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1195, 1933, NSW; COCP2 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: publisher (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Paddington, NSW, 1931; Waverley, NSW, 1933); wireless serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Waterfall Sanatorium, NSW, 1943)

===''LORD''===

* [[/Andrew Charles Lord|Lord, Andrew Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG9-J99] - 1920(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3BE Ballarat (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2212, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); shire secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1968); secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''LORDEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey Allan Lorden|Lorden, Geoffrey Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJB-2P8] - 1907(WA)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 6GL Perth (Perth, 1925-1926; West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 175, 1925, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 342, 1940; 1COCP 441, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1931); survey assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1936-1937); radio operator (Hotel Beadon, Onslow, 1943; Kalgoorlie, 1949); civil servant (Mitcham, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''LORENZEN''===

* [[/Lawrence Paul Lorenzen|Lorenzen, Lawrence Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC5-C5C] - 1909(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LP Emerald (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1357, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway cleaner (Emerald, Qld, 1936-1954); loco driver (Emerald, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''LOVE''===

* [[/Howard Kingsley Love|Love, Howard Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGQ-8S5] - 1895(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3BM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922-1931; Glen Iris, 1933), 3KU Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 230, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio clubs (WIA Vic); business proprietor (radio manufacturer) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Orong, 1919; Malvern East, 1921-1924; Gardiner, 1927-1933); manager (Gardiner, 1936-1937); engineer (Mt. Waverley, 1942) - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199407.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199408.pdf EA2]

* [[/James Peile Love|Love, James Peile &quot;Nim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7JF-83Z] - 1906(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JL Brisbane (Kedron, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 469, 1928, No. ?? in Qld (Halcyon AOCP 1930); 3COCP 5259, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF) - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Kedron, 1928-1943; Hawthorne, 1949-1980)

* [[/Leslie Gilmore Love|Love, Leslie Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52K-VQ8] - 1902(Wales)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2XE Sydney (Bondi North, 1934-1935); 2ABE Sydney (Randwick, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 307, 1930; COCP1 386, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor assembler (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1937); radio officer (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''LOVELESS''===

* [[/Max Lyndon Loveless|Loveless, Max Lyndon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX41-D28] - 1914(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: 7ML Hobart (Moonah, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2162, 1938, Tas; BOCP 341, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Moonah, Tas, 1936); mechanic (Hobart North, Tas, 1943); PMG Technician (Moonah, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''LOVERING''===

* [[/George Francis Lovering|Lovering, George Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZJ-XTJ] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Ashfield, 1931-1933); 2OO Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 867, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2GF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2GF Grafton commercial service - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958); no occupation (Narrabean North, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''LOVETT''===

* [[/Hubert Frank Lovett|Lovett, Hubert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHG1-DT2] - 1905(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7HL Hobart (1926-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 246, 1926, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Hobart North, 1928-1937); manager (Hobart South, 1949; Nelson, 1954) - Links: [https://info.scholarships.utas.edu.au/AwardDetails.aspx?AwardId=2813 UTAS Scholarship]

* [[/Percy Lovett|Lovett, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB5-M21] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2JP Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2210, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''LUBACH''===

* [[/Frederick John Lubach|Lubach, Frederick John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H7-VZD] - 1919(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4RF Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1947); Dalby (1948-1950); Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1954; Camp Hill, 1965-75; Loganlea, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1745, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 868, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, instructor, QSL manager); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); broadcast technician (4QS, Capalaba) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Dalby, Qld, 1949; Coorparoo, Qld, 1954; Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Loganlea, Qld, 1980)

===''LUCAS''===

* [[/Gillen Frederick Lucas|Lucas, Gillen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-Y7P] - 1894(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5LL Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1935-1939; Port Adelaide, 1947; Maylands, 1948; Trinity Gardens, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1589, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Kilkenny, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LUCKMAN''===

* [[/Charles Forsythe Arthur Luckman|Luckman, Charles Forsythe Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMF8-LS2] - 1901(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2JT Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2JT Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1926; Lakemba, 1927-1933; Croydon, 1934; Ashfield, 1935-1938; Croydon, 1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 41, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lift engineer (Lakemba, 1930-1933); electrician (Croydon, 1935-1943); electrical mechanic (Croydon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Thomas Stuart Luckman|Luckman, Thomas Stuart &quot;Stuart&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-8CD] - 1913(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4SL Brisbane (Kalinga, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 783, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, CMF, Signals Northern Command); occupation (hardware executive) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kalinga, 1936-1937); storeman (Hendra, 1943-1958); retired (Aspley, 1972-1977; Carseldine, 1980)

===''LUHRS''===

* [[/Victor Albert Luhrs|Luhrs, Victor Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZYN-VJJ] - 1888(Vic)-1964(SA) - Licences: V761 Receive Woori Yallock (1922); 3HB Receive Woori Yallock (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Torquon West, Nhill, 1909; Netherby, 1912-1914; Cavendish, 1916-1919; Woori Yallock, 1922-1924; Kalyan, SA, 1939); grazier (Tintinara, SA, 1941-1943)

===''LUM''===

* [[/Allan Douglas Lum|Lum, Allan Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92F-LX7] - 1913(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5AL Adelaide (Joslin, 1932-1939; Hyde Park, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 980, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 427, 1940; TVOCP 263, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gawler, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Hyde Park, SA, 1943)

===''LUMB''===

* [[/Lloyd John Lumb|Lumb, Lloyd John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84C-LF2] - 1907(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LL Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 471, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); postal electrician (Stanthorpe, 1943); technician (Ashgrove, 1949); engineer (Ashgrove, 1958-1972)

===''LUMBEWE''===

* [[/Edwyn William Lumbewe|Lumbewe or Chong, Edwyn William or Hin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-TGZ]- 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Randwick, 1931-1934); 2ZX Inverell (1935-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 858, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Inverell, NSW, 1937-1977)

===''LUMSDAINE''===

* [[/John Clarence Lumsdaine|Lumsdaine, John Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94RH-VVK] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ABQ Sydney (Willoughby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 19, 1934; COCP1 95, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Paddington, NSW, 1930); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1920); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934; Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1968)

===''LUNN''===

* [[/Harold Vincent Lunn|Lunn, Harold Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-4X5] - 1908(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 5HL Adelaide (Morphettville, 1935-1939); 2ANE Sydney (North Ryde) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1449, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Morphettville, SA, 1939-1943; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972); retired (North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LUSBY''===

* [[/Maurice MacIntosh Lusby|Lusby, Maurice MacIntosh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP54-JX7] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1219, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Randwick East, 1937; Coogee, NSW, 1937); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Eastwood, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1980; Picton, NSW, 1980)

===''LUXON''===

* [[/George Wilfred Luxon|Luxon, George Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YJ-XTL] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5RX Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1928-1939, 1946-1965; Torrens Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 450, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster late 1920s; WW2; WIA SA (several official duties) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mitcham, 1939-1943)

===''LYNCH''===

* [[/Edward James Lynch|Lynch, Edward James]] [[https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTWT-PVV]] - 1891(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XIP Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1913); journalist (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937; Hamilton, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Harold John Lynch|Lynch, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTD-VXL] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4HL Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1934-1939, 1946-1956; Slacks Creek, 1960-1975); 4HL Springbrook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1268, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); business proprietor (restaurants, picture theatres) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Albion, Qld, 1928); shopkeeper (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Valley, Qld, 1949); shopkeeper (St Lucia, Qld, 1954; Slacks Creek, Qld, 1958-1968); owner (Slacks Creek, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Springbrook, Qld, 1980)

===''LYONS''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Thomas Lyons|Lyons, Joseph Aloysius Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGY-XKB] - 1879(Tas)-1939(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - teacher; state politician; Premier of Tasmania; federal politician (Postmaster-General, Prime Minister of Australia); actively promoted development of broadcasting in Australia over two decades - Electoral Rolls:

=='''M'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''MABBITT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Matthew Mabbitt|Mabbitt, John Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FD5] - 1905(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Lake Boga (1930-1939); 3JG Lake Boga (1947-1948); 3JG Swan Hill (1954-1960); 3JG Melbourne (Templestowe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 588, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Lake Boga, Vic, 1928-1949); supervisor (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954); public servant (Templestowe, Vic, 1963)

===''MACBETH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macbeth|Macbeth, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Macbeth|Macbeth, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB93-7Q4] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JM Sydney (Redfern, 1931; Punchbowl, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 824, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Redfern, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1932-1934); mechanic (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1949); soldier (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1972)

===''MACDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macdonald|Macdonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Macdonald|Macdonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-WT8] - 1883(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 45, 1936 - senior federal public servant (Chief Engineer, Radiotelegraph Branch, PMGD, 1914); Lieutenant-Commander Telegraphist (RAN, in charge captured German Pacific Wireless); chief engineer 7EX; supervised erection 3AR, 5CL, 7ZL; early TV research  - Comment: Don't confuse with Don Macdonald AWA consultant - Electoral Rolls: Numerous contemporaneous DMcDs - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199505.pdf EA]

* [[/Llewellyn Macdonald|Macdonald, Llewellyn &quot;Lew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-73F] - 1908(Eng)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Newcastle (West Maitland, 1929-1934; Wickham, 1935-1936; Waratah, 1937; Mayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 478, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 69, 1936; BOCP 50, 1936; 1COCP 125, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (West Maitland, 1930; Wickham, 1936); joiner (Waratah, 1937; Charlestown, 1972)

===''MACFARLANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred - see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred

* [[/Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDYR-1QZ] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2RM Griffith (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 374, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1918) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Griffith, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''MACGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macgregor|Macgregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Thomas Macgregor|Macgregor, Howard Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-NNP] - 1920(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ZU Brisbane (Windsor, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2200, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Windsor, Qld, 1941-1949); assistant (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Alfred Macgregor|Macgregor, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-9K3] - 1896(NSW)-1954(PNG) - Licences: 9MC Kavieng, PNG (1937); 9MC Wewak, PNG (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 9MC Baiyer River (1954) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Blackhall, Qld, 1921-1925; Mildura, Vic, 1931-1934)

===''MACKAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackay|Mackay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Stewart Mackay|Mackay, Cedric Stewart or Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/973G-3Q2] - 1889(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XADF Coffs Harbour (1913-1914); 2GP Receive Urunga (1922); 2GP Urunga (1924-1931); 2GO Coffs Harbour (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 149, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Urunga, 1930); agent (Coffs Harbour, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ian Keith Mackay|Mackay, Ian Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JG-NHF] - 1907(NZ)-1985(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author; historian (broadcast, &quot;Broadcasting in New Zealand&quot; (1953), &quot;Broadcasting in Australia&quot; (1957), &quot;Broadcasting in Nigeria&quot; (1964), &quot;Broadcasting in Papua New Guinea&quot; (1976) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting executive (Lane Cove, 1954); executive (Killara, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Reay Mackay|Mackay, Ronald Reay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-Y6T] - 1905(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1922); 3MU Melbourne (Carlton, 1931-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil); principal (RMIT) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1963) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mackay-ronald-reay-10980 ADB]

===''MACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackel|Mackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Mackel|Mackel, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DJ-FP5] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2HG Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965; Hunters Hill, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1943); insurance inspector (Lane Cove, NSW, 1949-1954); insurance manager (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1963); manager (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''MACKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Harper Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Alexander Harper &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-MVZ] - 1892(Sct)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4GK Brisbane (Wynnum, 1930-1939; Bulimba, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 628, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Fire Service) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Brisbane City, 1916; Hamilton, 1919; Brisbane City, 1925); fire brigade officer (Wynnum, 1928-1936); newsagent (Bulimba, 1949); retired (Bulimba, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 4YL Florence Madeline Mackenzie and 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie

* [[/Arthur Alexander Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-796] - 1918(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4HJ Jericho (1937); 4HJ Brisbane (Wynnum, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1346, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Townsville, 1949); newsagent (Grange, 1954-1963); public servant (Townsville, 1972; Cleveland, 1972; Thornlands, 1977, Cleveland, 1980) - Relationships: son of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; brother of 4YL Florence Madeline Streamer nee Mackenzie

* [[/Florence Madeline Mackenzie|Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-B8C] - 1922(Qld)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 4YL Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; third YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Mitchelton, 1949; New Farm, 1954) - Relationships: daughter of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; sister of 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Harold Stuart Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Harold Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-VGN] - 1908(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AM Brisbane (Annerley, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 518, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 90, 1937; 1COCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1937); company manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Blackheath, 1958); unemployed (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968); technician (Burleigh Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MACKIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackie|Mackie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Ernest Mackie|Mackie, Alexander Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3R3-YFM] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3QA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Glen Waverley, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1545, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MACKINNON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Eric Wilton MacKinnon|MacKinnon, Colin Eric Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK45-QRQ] - 1941(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2KCM Sydney 1980s; 2DYM Sydney (1980-2004)- Qualifications: NAOCP N1793, 1981; AOLCP N1281, 1981; AOCP N1032, 1981, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (amateur radio; military radio; radar) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cronulla, 1968; Hurstville, 1977); retired (Glenhaven, 1980) - [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Colin_MacKinnon.htm Obit]
===''MACKINOLTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Clarence Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Hubert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRQ-T18] - 1897(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: XJED Korumburra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 158, 1915 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auburn, Vic, 1919-1922); customs officer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1924-1925; Mosman, Vic, 1930; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); civil servant (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); retired (Ringwood, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Mentone, Vic, 1977)

===''MACLARDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclardy|Maclardy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Foster St Clair Maclardy|Maclardy, William John Foster St Clair &quot;Will&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW66-BTD] - 1892(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Receive Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1922); 2HP Sydney (Cremorne, 1923; Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); journalist (Smith's Weekly, Wireless Weekly) - Comment: correct surname is St Clair Maclardy but rarely used - Relationships: son of William McIntyre St Clair Maclardy, one time Wireless Weekly proprietor - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933); taxi driver (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); soldier (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1949); commercial traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2HP - William John Foster St Clair Maclardy&quot;

===''MACLAREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclaren|Maclaren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles James Torrance Maclaren|Maclaren, Charles James Torrance]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-889] - 1889(Eng)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (South Yarra, 1933); 3MS South Ballarat (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1113, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Aus Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937); nil (Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/Donald Catto Maclaren|Maclaren, Donald Catto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-2R2] - 1909(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2DM Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1939); 2NN Narrabri (1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 655, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Haberfield, 1933-1936; Taree, 1937; Narrabri, 1949)

===''MACLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclean|Maclean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Dalziel Maclean|Maclean, John Dalziel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D4-PHK] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 2IM Leeton (1935-1937); 2IM Sydney (Ashbury, 1938-1939); 4IM Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1501, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''MACLURCAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Dansie Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Charles Dansie &quot;Mac&quot;, &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWR7-LJ3] - 1889(Qld)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XDM Sydney (CBD, 1909-1914) (Maclurcan &amp; Lane); 2CM Sydney (Strathfield, 1921-1939; Neutral Bay, 1946-1957); 2CY Sydney (Strathfield, 1923, briefly by administrative error); first licence issued under new 1922 radio regulations - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 98, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector; broadcast engineer; business proprietor (Maclurcan and Lane, 1909-19??, Maclurcan Engineering, Hotel Wentworth) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Darling Harbour, 1913); engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1934); hotel manager (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XDM-2CM - Charles Dansie Maclurcan&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maclurcan-hannah-13070 ADB] [[w:2CM|Wikipedia]] [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/who-was-radio-pioneer-charles-maclurcan/ radioinfo]

===''MACNAUGHTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Naughton Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Naughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPJ9-MPD] - 1911(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1934; Roseville, 1935-1939; Wahroonga, 1946-1948; Lindfield, 1950; Pymble, 1954-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1961; West Pymble, 1965-1969; Marsfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 904, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2ZVW-2BA - David Edwin Macnaughton - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937; Windsor, NSW, 1943); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949; Lindfield, NSW, 1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954; Mona Vale, NSW, 1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''MACPHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Duncan Macpherson|Macpherson, Alexander Duncan &quot;Sandy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29CF-Z3F] - 1899(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4MC Brisbane (Nundah, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Oakleigh, 1954; Chermside, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1271, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Toombul RC); Qld Lands (draughtsman) - Comment: Slow update for death in Electoral Rolls? - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1949; Oakleigh, Qld, 1954; Chermside, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MADDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney John Madden|Madden, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-WGL] - 1900(Sct)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MN Perth (City, 1930; North Perth, 1931; Maylands, 1933-1937; Wembley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 264, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1937-1943); supervisor (Wembley, WA, 1954)

===''MADDICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddick|Maddick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert William Maddick|Maddick, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLB-J2P] - 1890(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: XLX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EF Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3EF Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 161, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; perpetrator of the foul mouthed parrot incident - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Elsternwick, 1917); mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1954)

===''MADDICKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddicks|Maddicks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Thomas Maddicks|Maddicks, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJBP-PFV] - 1912(Vic)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 3UA Daylesford (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2228, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Daylesford, Vic, 1936-1977)

===''MADDISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddison|Maddison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Victor Maddison|Maddison, Ernest Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJ6-SWD] - 1907(Vic)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1935); 2WZ Sydney (Randwick, 1936; Normanhurst, 1937; Willoughby, 1938; Randwick, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1331, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls:

===''MAGEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magee|Magee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin William Michael Magee|Magee, Kevin William Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-51Z] - 1913(Vic)-1979(Vanuatu) - Licences: 5KM Adelaide (City, 1931-1933); 2UN Sydney (Paddington, 1936); 3UN Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937); 3KM Melbourne (Kew, 1947-1960; North Balwyn, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 874, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: staff cadet (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1936); military officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; Kew, Vic, 1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1949-1954); company director (Kew, Vic, 1963); director (Balwyn, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''MAGENNIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magennis|Magennis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Aubrey Magennis|Magennis, Alfred Ernest Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR7T-5RB] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2AFE Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1842, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MAGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maguire|Maguire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Maguire|Maguire, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SN-BKC] - 1921(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3IO Stratford (1938-1939; 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2216, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stratford, 1949-1977); grazier (Munro, 1980)

* [[/Ernest Norbert Maguire|Maguire, Ernest Norbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR4X-F61] - 1892(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KL Sydney (Lewisham, 1928-1930; Dulwich Hill, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 387, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Lewisham, 1930-1932); sergeant of police (Putney, 1943; Gladesville, 1949-1958); retired (Lake Illawarra South, 1963)

* [[/Sydney William Maguire|Maguire, Sydney William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDF-L85] - 1903(WA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2XY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; North Bondi, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 933, 1926; AOLCP 74, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Glenmore, 1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Maroubra North, 1943); inspector (Maroubra North, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1958)

===''MAHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maher|Maher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Anthony Maher|Maher, Francis Anthony &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKS3-6QD] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1932-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 941, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1936; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937; Coburg West, Vic, 1942-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mahon|Mahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Mahon|Mahon, Hugh]] - 1857(Ire)-1931(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1904)

===''MAIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stephen John Leith Mais|Mais, Stephen John Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-BTV] - 1898(WA)-1960(WA) - Licences: 6CQ Receive Perth (Chester Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: trainee (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); carpenter (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1958)
===''MAKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Makin|Makin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Makin|Makin, Bert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G26D-PZL] - 1888(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: XAEJ Sydney (Kogarah West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (West Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEJ - Bert Makin&quot;

* [[/George Makin|Makin, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97S3-JFZ] - 1914(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2198, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Relationships: Brother of 4OK John Makin (passed AOCP same day)  - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1936-1963); lightkeeper (Lighthouse, Sandy Cape, Qld, 1963; Fitzroy Island, Qld, 1968); tin miner (Mt Poverty, Qld, 1969)

* [[/John Makin|Makin, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6J-4KT] - 1906(Eng)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4OK Columboola (1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2199, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of George Makin (passed AOCP same day) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1930-1963); wardsman (Miles, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MALCOLM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Graham Malcolm|Malcolm, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8F-K5W] - 1949(Eng)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 3ZYK Melbourne (North Clayton, 1969; Mulgrave, 1975; Berwick, 1980); 1???; 2??? - Qualifications: AOLCP 2407, 1967 - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Communications Laboratory DoC (Director) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayton, Vic, 1972; Mulgrave, 1977; Berwick, 1980)
===''MALONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malone|Malone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Joseph Malone|Malone, James Joseph &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL8-8DP] - 1883(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 240, 1916 - employment (NSW P&amp;T, Telegraph Messenger; PMGD, Cadet Engineer, Controller Wireless; OTC, Manager); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayfield, Qld, 1917-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); chief inspector wireless (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); Deputy Director, Posts and Telegraphs (Indooroopilly, 1943); public servant (Lindfield, NSW, 1949-1963) - Links: [[w:James Joseph Malone|Wikipedia]];  [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_05_30#P.109_-_Commonwealth_Controller_of_Wireless|Bio]]

* [[/Laurence Edward Palek Malone|Malone, Laurence Edward Palek &quot;Edward&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY19-CCV] - 1915(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3LV Mologa (1937-1939); 3QE Maryborough (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1883, 1937, Vic; COCP1 197, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Maloga, Vic, 1937); engineer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MALONEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maloney|Maloney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kent Allen Maloney|Maloney, Kent Allen or Allen Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-9J4] - 1904(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2UC Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1936); 2UC Lismore (1937-1939); 2UC Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1328, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wanganui, NZ, 1925-1928; Waverley, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1935); radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936); radio serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Hastings, NZ, 1946-1960); radio technician (Hastings, NZ, 1963); retired (Hastings, NZ, 1969-1972) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1255758 VWMA]

===''MALPAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malpas|Malpas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth John Malpas|Malpas, Kenneth John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGC2-BNN] - 1909(SA)-1929(SA) - Licences: 5XG Kadina (1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 313, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''MANAHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manahan|Manahan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Gerald Manahan|Manahan, Frank Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-9MZ] - 1911(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 2AGN Murwillumbah (1937-1938); 4FG Brisbane (Annerley, 1947-1948; St Lucia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1901, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1941); company director (Annerley, Qld, 1949); director (St Lucia, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MANCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Roy Mancer|Mancer, Arthur Roy &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV8K-J7L] - 1892(NZ)-1968(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 110, ?; 1COCP 71, 1935 - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls:

===''MANGNALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Hartley Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert Hartley Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MD-3L2] - 1903(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3?? Melbourne (Carlton, 1927); 3HB Melbourne (Highett, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 350, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Carlton, Vic, 1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MANIFOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Charles Manifold|Manifold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXMR-BFZ] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1933; McKinnon, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 647, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Malvern, 1931-1934; Bentleigh, 1936-1980)

===''MANKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manks|Manks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Eli Manks|Manks, Thomas Eli]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCV-6JS] - 1914(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1619, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); pharmacist (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manley|Manley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Patrick Joseph Francis Manley|Manley, Patrick Joseph Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSL-LYV] - 1894(Vic)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1935-1939; Camperdown, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 614, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 381, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924); company manager (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931); company director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1934-1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Woollahra, NSW, 1963) 

* [[/William McGregor Manley|Manley, William McGregor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW6-J99] - 1903(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1931-1934; Parramatta, 1935-1936); 2XH Sydney (Gladesville, 1937-1938; Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 767, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1931); engineer (Lilyfield, NSW, 1933-1935; Parramatta, NSW, 1936)

===''MANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bruce Reginald Mann|Mann, Bruce Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1J7-H22] - 1906(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Quambatook (1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3BM Swan Hill (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1876, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 3CK James Barrett Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1931-1968; Swan Hill, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Edward Alexander Mann|Mann, Edward Alexander]] - 1874(SA)-1951(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Federal politician for WA; political commentator &quot;The Watchman&quot;; author &quot;Arrows in the Air: A Selection from Broadcasts by &quot;The Watchman&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Edward_Mann_(Australian_politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mann-edward-alexander-7472 ADB]

* [[/James Barrett Mann|Mann, James Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWHB-WTR] - 1875(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Receive Quambatook (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 3BM Bruce Reginald Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1908-1967)

* [[/John Edward Mann|Mann, John Edward &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JY-STV] - 1912(SA)-1941(off Libyan coast) - Licences: 5EM Semaphore (1934-1938); 3IE Westmere (1938); 3IE Ballarat (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1304, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, telegraphist) - Relationships: Son of Thomas William Mann - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1675471 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10278775 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} 

* [[/Sydney George Mann|Mann, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DP-V1C] - 1908(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3KY Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1931; Hampton, 1937-1939, 1946-1954; East Brighton, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 594, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Glenhuntly, 1931); mechanic (Sandringham, 1936-1937); shopkeeper (Woodend, 1942); mechanic (Hampton, 1949-1954); sales (Carnegie, 1963); salesman (St Kilda, 1967)

* [[/Thomas William Mann|Mann, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLZ-2S3] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 5EM-3IE John Edward Mann- Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manning|Manning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol John Roland Manning|Manning, Athol John Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69L-G2L] - 1916(Tas)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 7LR Devonport (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1367, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Devonport, 1949-1954) 

* [[/Clifton Joseph Manning|Manning, Clifton Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G893-WW6] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CJ Melbourne (Ringwood, 1927; Elwood, 1931-1937; Eltham, 1938-1939; Balwyn, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1960); 3CJ Orbost (1965); 3CJ Marlo (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 338, 1927, Vic; COCP1 877, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (St Kilda, 1931-1936; Canterbury, 1943; Templestowe, 1949; Sandringham, 1954-1963); farmer (Orbost, 1967-1968); retired (Marlo, 1972-1977; Lang Lang, 1980)

* [[/George William Manning|Manning, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVD4-VMS] - 1909(Vic)-2003(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3XJ Melbourne (Maribyrnong, 1934-1939; Richmond, 1947-1954; Parkdale, 1955-1965); 3XJ Birchip (1969); 3XJ Narraport (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1312, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maribyrnong, Vic, 1931-1937; Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954); public servant (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Noble Park, Vic, 1972); engineer (Narraport, Vic, 1977)

===''MANSFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. D. Mansfield|Mansfield, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZQ Burnie (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MANTLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Patrick Thomas Mantle|Mantle, Joseph Patrick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-DP9] - 1913(Qld)-1976(Fiji) - Licences: 4XF Brisbane (Ascot, 1933-1939); 4XF Townsville (Hermit Park, 1947-1948); 4XF Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1960); 3AEN Bendigo (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1146, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 1083, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ascot, Qld, 1936); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business manager (New Farm, Qld, 1954); manager (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); sales manager (Warwick, Qld, 1963); no occupation (Townsville, Qld, 1963); sales executive (Petersham, NSW, 1972)
===''MANUEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manuel|Manuel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Thomas Manuel|Manuel, Robert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5S-3R5] - 1910(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5RT Adelaide (Prospect, 1932-1939, 1947-1960; Beefacres, 1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1052, 1932, SA; BOCP 1310, 1953; 2COCP 1279, 1953; 1COCP 1688, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANWARING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manwaring|Manwaring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Leslie Manwaring|Manwaring, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQB-V26] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AJK Cootamundra (1938-1939, 1946-1950); 2QK Cootamundra (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2089, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1935-1937); timber merchant (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943-1954); nursery man (Cootamundra, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''MARCONI''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marconi|Marconi, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi|Marconi, Guglielmo Giovanni Maria]] - 1874(Italy)-1937(Italy) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Inventor, electrical engineer, entrepreneur, businessman; pioneer of long distance radio transmission, widely credited as the inventor of radio; shared 1909 Nobel prize for physics for contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy

===''MARCUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eugen Gerald Marcuse|Marcuse, Eugen Gerald &quot;Gerald&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9C3M-X1G] - 1886(Eng)-1961(Eng) - Licences: G2NM England - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer

===''MARKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marks|Marks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Hubert Marks|Marks, Edward Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMT9-YTF] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3VM Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1955; Sassafras, 1956-1960; East Malvern, 1965; Armadale, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1948, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: dental student (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936); dentist (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); dental surgeon (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); dentist (Malvern East, Vic, 1958-1968); grazier (Porcupine Ridge via Daylesford, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Sydney Marks|Marks, Joseph Sydney or Sydney Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQG4-X1G] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2GR Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio trader (Electricity House, Marks' Radio Company); electrician; police officer; sued by 2BL for non-payment of fees in 1924 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rose Bay, 1930-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2GR - Joseph Sydney Marks&quot;

===''MARLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric William Marley|Marley, Cedric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVF2-DJ4] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4CJ Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1938-1939; Graceville, 1947; Kalinga, 1948); 4CJ Rockhampton (1954-1956); 4CJ South Mackay (1960); 9CJ Port Moresby (1965); Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2079, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); broadcast technician (PMG, ABC); WW2 (RAN, telegraphist); federal public servant (PMG, ABC) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kalinga, Qld, 1949; Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); broadcast technician (Mackay, Qld, 1958; Bucasia, Mackay, Qld, 1958; Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''MARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marr|Marr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Clanan Marr|Marr, Charles William Clanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M8V-QQM] - 1880(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: MHR (Forrest, NSW, 1929); director (Crows Nest, NSW, 1933); company director (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1933-1935); director (Crows Nest, NSW,  1935); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1937-1943; Killara, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/John Neville Marr|Marr, John Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTY5-D27] - 1915(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1933-1939); 6AJ Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1948); 3AJB Melbourne (Carrum, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1198, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946; RAAF) - Awards: DFC, 1943 - Electoral Rolls: aircraftsman (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Pearee Aerodrome, WA, 1943-1949); RAAF (Deepdene, Vic, 1954; Dickson, ACT, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968; Dianella, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MARRIOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marriott|Marriott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald James Marriott|Marriott, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFC-GW3] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SI Melbourne (Toorak, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1778, 1936, Vic; COCP3 3782, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1935-1937); director &amp; supervisor (Toorak, Vic, 1943-1967); director (Toorak, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''MARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Burton Mars|Mars, Ernest Burton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VJ-GWR] - 1907(SA)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Unley, 1923-1924); 4EM Charleville (1930-1933); 2EM Dubbo (1934-1936); 4EM Charleville (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2GE Moree (1948); 4EM Emerald (1954-1955); 4EM Charleville (1956); 4EM Longreach (1960); 4EM Currumbin (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 686, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 23, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Dubbo, 1935); bank official (Charleville, 1937-1943; Wagga Wagga, 1949); bank clerk (Moree, 1949); bank manager (Commonwealth Bank Emerald, 1954; Commonwealth Bank, Charleville, 1958; Longreach, 1963); retired (Currumbin, 1968; Palm Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - established 4VL Charleville commercial

===''MARSDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Marsden|Marsden, Robert Cecil &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92N-W62] - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Sydney, 1909; 2JM Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922); 2JM Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1923-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1925-1926; Edgecliff, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, local NSW clubs) - Relationships: Father of 2VV-2FV Robert Morris Marsden - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Woolahra, 1930; Epping, 1930-1958); manager (Castlecrag, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2JM - Robert Cecil Marsden&quot;
* [[/Robert Morris Marsden|Marsden, Robert Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX1-VPG] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Kingsford, 1958-1969); 2FV Tuross Heads (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 226, 1956; AOCP 3627, 1957, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: Son of 2JM Robert Cecil Marsden - Electoral Rolls: taxi proprietor (Bondi Beach, 1949; Kingsford, 1958-1972); retired (Tuross Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MARSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Marsh|Marsh, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-QZ7] - 1890(Eng)-1943(WA) - Licences: 6DQ Receive West Pingelly (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Harrismith, WA, 1931); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1943)
* [[/Roy Edward William Marsh|Marsh, Roy Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF42-28N] - 1899(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CE Receive Perth (North Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (East Perth, WA, 1921; Maylands, WA, 1925-1926; East Midland, WA, 1931-1963)
* [[/Sydney Westport Marsh|Marsh, Sydney or Sidney Westport]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFLN-PKM] - 1889(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK West Wallsend (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ladysmith, 1913); fitter (West Wallsend, 1930-1937)

===''MARSHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marshall|Marshall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Francis Marshall|Marshall, Archie Francis &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37M-W83] - 1907(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4AF Clifton (1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 438, 1928, No. 48 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (blacksmith, fitter/turner) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Clifton, 1930-1980)

* [[/Herbert Anthony Marshall|Marshall, Herbert Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJR-P3P] - 1888(India)-1948(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Port Pirie, 1910; 2HM Armidale (1924-1926); 2HM Sydney (Bondi, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 115, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 48, 1931 - Comment: proud of his initials &quot;H.A.M.&quot;, early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Relationships: his daughter Denise Chalmers Marshall frequently on air over 2HM - TroveTag: &quot;2HM - Herbert Anthony Marshall&quot; - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1934-1943)

* [[/Mary Austine Marshall|Henry nee Marshall, Mary Austine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-GR6] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1930-1939, 1946-1956; East Malvern, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 619, 1930, Vic - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); no occupation (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/M. J. Marshall|Marshall, M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3NP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1938-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vaughan Edward Marshall|Marshall, Vaughan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86T-KNY] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3UK Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1933; Kew, 1937-1939, 1946-1969; Mt Eliza, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 603, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1936); tea specialist (Kew, Vic, 1937-1968); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''MARSLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marsland|Marsland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Bruce Marsland|Marsland, Benjamin Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-X47] - 1906(Qld)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 4DX Receive Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928); teller (Normanton, Qld, 1930); bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931; Malanda, Qld, 1932); no occupation (Annerley, Qld, 1943)

* [[/James Gilbert Marsland|Marsland, James Gilbert &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY2-JTB] - 1912(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3NY Cobden (1931); 3NY Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 774, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarendon, Vic, 1936; South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); bank clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''MARSTELLA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marstella|Marstella, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Arthur Marstella|Marstella, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCM-JRQ] - 1911(NSW)-2001(NSW)89yo - Licences: 2AEZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1936-1938); 2AEZ Gosford (Erina, 1946-1950; Gosford, 1954-1958); 2AEZ Lidcombe (1960-1969); 2AEZ Forster (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1830, 1936, NSW; BOCP 1132, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hamilton, NSW, 1933; New Lambton, NSW, 1935-1936); radio serviceman (Erina, NSW, 1949); technician (Gosford, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1977; Forster, NSW, 1980)

===''MARSTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marston|Marston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Thomas Marston|Marston, James Thomas &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKDX-19C] - 1920(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Belmont, 1948; Morningside, 1954); 4JA Toowoomba (1955-1956); 4JA Brisbane (Boondall, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2655, 1948, Qld - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); technician (Boondall, Qld, 1963-1972)
* [[/W. L. Marston|Marston, W. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MARTENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martens|Martens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred John Martens|Martens, Alfred John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QSF-SRH] - 1916(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5MA Clare (1947); 5MA Berri (1948); 5MA Renmark (1954-1965); 5MA Millswood (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2369, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clare, SA, 1941-1943)

===''MARTIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martin|Martin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Clive Martin|Martin, Bernard Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3K-1K5] - 1906(NSW)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Bankstown, 1923); Receive (Valve) Medlow Bath (1923); 2BM Sydney (Banksia, 1926; Bankstown, 1927; Bronte, 1928-1934; Potts Point, 1935-1936; Neutral Bay, 1938; Queenscliffe, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 883, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 11, 1929; COCP1 46, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Eric Harold Martin|Martin, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX2-MBB] - 1903(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZF Melbourne (Preston, 1931-1933; Richmond, 1937; Elwood, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 764, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1927; Preston, Vic, 1931); motor driver (Richmond, Vic, 1936); chauffeur (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942); fitter (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1954); public servant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963; Carnegie, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Eric Wilfred Martin|Martin, Eric Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z2-D33] - 1916(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Robinvale (1937); 2AHY Balranald (1938-1939); 3HN Bogong (1947-1956); 3APJ Mt Beauty (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1389, 1934; BOCP 353, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bogong, Vic, 1942-1954); superintendent (Mt Beauty, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Seaford South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/George Henry Martin|Martin, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX81-3CT] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FW Sydney (Waverley, 1932-1939); 2AFW Sydney (Waverley, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1010, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Waverley, NSW, 1930-1936); fitter (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/James Frederick Martin|Martin, James Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR6-MS6] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1927-1933); 3JM Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 340, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1936); traveller (North Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954-1963); sales director (Doncaster, Vic, 1967); sales (Noble Park, Vic, 1972)

* [[/James Lennox Alexander Martin|Martin, James Lennox Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTD-3TK] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3NT Melbourne (Dandenong, 1933-1939); 3AV Horsham (1948); 3AV Melbourne (Dandenong, 1954-1960); 3AV Horsham (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1201, 1933, Vic; COCP2 390, 1940; COCP1 470, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Dandenong, Vic, 1931-1934); mechanic (Dandenong, Vic, 1937-1949); radio mechanic (Horsham, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Michael Martin|Martin, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX79-GWZ] - 1886(Ireland)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 146, 1915; 1COCP 58, 1935 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Comment: several contemporaneous JMMs - Electoral Rolls: Ancestry 299 hits too be sifted

* [[/John Robert Martin|Martin, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWFG-HMM] - 1919(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4MX Cunnamulla (1937-1939); 4MX Toowoomba (1946-1954); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1955-1960); 4MX Julia Creek (1965-1969); 4MX Finch Hatton (1975); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1933, 1937, Qld; BOCP 147, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); business proprietor (radio service); Presbyterian minister - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Gaythorne, Qld, 1958; Kingaroy, Qld, 1963); missionary (Blackall, Qld, 1972; Gaythorne, Qld, 1972); minister of religion (Enoggera, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Martin|Martin, Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-PG7] - 1903(UK)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4KY Ipswich (1933-1939); 4KY Brisbane (Sandgate, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1110, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: carriage trimmer (Woodend, Qld, 1925-1937; Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Norman Rex Martin|Martin, Norman Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-JV4] - 1915(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1936; Enfield, 1937-1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1581, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Enfield, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943; Canterbury, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Bexley North, NSW, 1954-1968); managing director (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald William Martin|Martin, Ronald William &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPZ-46T] - 1917(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AHI Casino (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1981, 1937, NSW; BOCP 403, 1941; COCP2 789, 1944; COCP1 795, 1944; TVOCP 455, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Casino, NSW, 1949-1968); technician (Casino, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Silas Martin|Martin, Silas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMT-6WS] - 1874(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Perth, 1903-1906; East Perth, 1912-1914); mechanic (Rockhampton, 1917-1921); radio mechanic (Cooktown, 1925; Beam Wireless Station, Ballan, 1928-1943); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943)

* [[/T. S. Martin|Martin, T. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBE Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter J. Martin|Martin, Walter J.]] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 1, 1914, No. 1 in Aus and Vic, Marconi &amp; Telefunken - commercial operator; coastal station operator?

* [[/William Anthony Martin|Martin, William Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-KPZ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WM Hobart (West Hobart, 1929-1931); 7WM Gawler (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 497, 1929, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 70, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous William Anthony Martin's

===''MARTINSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martinsen|Martinsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sevrin Joseph William Martinsen|Martinsen, Sevrin Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SD-KJG] - 1905(Norway)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2351, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wycheproof, Vic, 1942)

===''MASHMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mashman|Mashman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Wilfred Mashman|Mashman, Lionel Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6K-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2OB Receive Sydney (Bexley, 1923-1924); 2OB Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 84, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MASON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mason|Mason, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Gordon Mason|Mason, Jeffrey Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWM-M3H] - 1912(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5VC Millicent (1947); 5VC Adelaide (Hectorville, 1954-1955; Pennington, 1956; Clarence Park, 1960; Holden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1275, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1942)

===''MASTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Masters|Masters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Harold Masters|Masters, Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPY] - 1875(Vic)-1951(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed); vice president WIA Launceston 1920s; later prominent architect - Relationships: brother of 7MM William Edward Masters - Electoral Rolls: architect (Launceston, 1928-1949)

* [[/Brian Jermyn Masters|Masters, Brian Jermyn &quot;Jermyn&quot;]] - 1891(Vic)-1950(NZ) - Licences: 3LM Receive Melbourne (Armadale, 1923); 3LM Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operated his station both individually and on behalf WIA Malvern

* [[/Herbert Victor Masters|Masters, Herbert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLLC-CV2] - 1883(NSW)-1918(France) - Licences: XHY Sydney (Stanmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, Lieutenant, 1st Anzac Wireless Section, Killed accidentally, 1914-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1647200 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Edward Masters|Masters, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPW] - 1873(Vic)-1952(Tas) - Licences: 7MM Hobart (Bellerive 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1066, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; solicitor - Relationships: brother of Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot; Masters - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Bellerive, 1914-1949) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27111852 Obituary]

===''MATCHETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kenneth Lyle Matchett|Matchett, John Kenneth Lyle &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1L-SCZ] - 1921(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3TL Melbourne (Box Hill, 1960; Templestowe, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3700, 1958, Vic - amateur operator, WW2, member Old Timer's Club - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949); teacher (Bayswater, 1954); lecturer (Templestowe, 1963-1980) - curator of the WIA QSL card collection for many years; personally acquired a large collection of Australian amateur QSL cards which were donated to the WIA collection on his passing, many thousands of QSLs provided by Wolf Harranth of Dokufunk on an exchange basis
===''MATHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mather|Mather, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart Mather|Mather, Alexander Stewart &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTL-WWC] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JZ Singleton (1929-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 479, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 89, 1932; TVOCP 273, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cordial manufacturer (Singleton, 1930-1968)

* [[/Walter Douglas Mather|Mather, Walter Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGZ-B5R] - 1919(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3WD Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947); 3WD Melbourne (Gardiner, 1948); 3AWD Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1960-1969); 4YM Surfers Paradise (1975); 4YM Bribie Island (1980); 2AF? Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1654, 1936, Vic; BOCP 170, 1938; COCP1 892, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); merchant (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1968); investor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977; Bribie Island, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matheson|Matheson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Raymond Matheson|Matheson, Charles Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZL-8KD] - 1915(NSW)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939); 3ATH Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947; Strathmore, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 438; COCP1 8, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954); technical officer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); boat proprietor (Narooma, NSW, 1963); proprietor (Main Beach, Qld, 1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHEWS''===

See also MATTHEWS

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathews|Mathews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Campion Mathews|Mathews, John Campion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-46V] - 1912(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3SY Geelong (Newtown, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+); 3JM Portable Geelong (Newtown, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 709, 1930, Vic; TVOCP 20, 1957; BOCP 261, 1988 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newtown, 1934-1968); operator (Newtown, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Mathews|Mathews, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82Z-KX2] - 1914(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4EE Rockhampton (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1414, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MATHIESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathieson|Mathieson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Hamilton Mathieson|Mathieson, Ian Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVR2-7RN] - 1911(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 3NR Melbourne (Werribee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 313, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Werribee, Vic, 1937-1942); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949-1954; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Blackheath, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MATTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matters|Matters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Warburton Matters|Matters, Leonard Warburton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJS-9QZ] - 1881(SA)-1951(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist; Boer War; acted on behalf West Radio Broadcasting Co, an applicant for the Perth sealed set licence ultimately awarded to Westralian Farmers (6WF) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Perth, WA, 1903-1906; Balkatta, WA, 1910; North Perth, WA, 1925) - TroveTag: &quot;Leonard Warburton Matters&quot; - Links: [[w:Leonard_Matters|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Wallace Lindsay Washington Matters|Matters, Wallace Lindsay Washington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBS-PB4] - 1906(Vic)-2004(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3WW Warrnambool (1934-1939); 3WW Melbourne (Footscray, 1947-1948; Box Hill North, 1954); 3MJ Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1956; Rosanna, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1374, 1934, Vic; COCP1 311, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Warrnambool, Vic, 1931); postal employee (Warrnambool, Vic, 1933-1937); postal clerk (Footscray, Vic, 1942); clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Heidelberg, Vic, 1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980)

===''MATTHEWS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matthews|Matthews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Leslie Matthews|Matthews, Alfred Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTX-LBR] - 1917(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3ZT Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947; Hughesdale, 1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2354, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1949); technician (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Box Hill North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Fred Thomas Matthews|Matthews, Fred or Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-22K] - 1904(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4FK Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); business proprietor (Matthews Fire Alarm Co) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Merthyr, 1925-1958); engineer (New Farm, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Leigh Inglis Matthews|Matthews, John Leigh Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKN-159] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJD Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Richmond, 1913-1919)

* [[/Kenneth Morgan Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-R2W] - 1911(SA)-2009(SA)98yo - Licences: 5GN Adelaide (Malvern, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1732, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/551921 VWMA]

* [[/Kenneth William Pitts Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth William Pitts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT36-MP8] - 1925(Eng)-2006(ACT) - Licences: 2WE Sydney (Artarmon, 1939, 1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2330, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Artarmon, NSW, 1949; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); printer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Royston Oliver Carr Matthews|Matthews, Royston Oliver Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQJ-VML] - 1889(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 21, 1914 - wireless operator AWA at 1914 enlistment; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Light Horse Brigade Signal Troop, 1914-1917; 2nd Squadron AFC, Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mercantile manager (Netherby, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/300087 VWM]; [https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=191405 AIF Project]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/REL36707 brief bio]

* [[/Vincent John Matthews|Matthews, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFW4-NM1] - 1888(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 6AQ Perth (Bayswater, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Stott's College (Principal, early 1920s) - Electoral Rolls: business college master (West Gildford, WA, 1910); manager (Guildford, WA, 1912; Bayswater, WA, 1916-1925); business manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1928); director (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1963)

* [[/Walter John Penrose Matthews|Matthews, Walter John Penrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5TS-HZN] - 1880(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5BS Receive Murray Bridge (1922); Receive Murray Bridge (1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: lifter SA Railways (Tailem Bend, SA, 1939-1943)

===''MAUGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mauger|Mauger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Mauger|Mauger, Samuel &quot;Sam&quot;]] - 1857(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - state politician; senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1908)

===''MAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maughan|Maughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Maughan|Maughan, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-BJW] - 1903(WA)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3HH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3HH Melbourne (Malvern, 1923-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 14, 1924, Vic; AOLCP 82, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, 1925-1954)

===''MAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Mawson|Mawson, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3H-42N] - 1882(Eng)-1958(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Head Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914) - Electoral Rolls: [[w:Douglas Mawson|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mawson-sir-douglas-7531 ADB]
* [[/Ernest Richard Mawson|Mawson, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2W9T-NJN] - 1861(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Campsie, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Parramatta, 1903); no occupation (Dee Why, 1930-1933; Harbord, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1943)

===''MAXWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maxwell|Maxwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. S. Maxwell|Maxwell, H. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAEE Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alston Maxwell|Maxwell, Ronald Alston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZRL-TRZ] - 1908(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 656, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Randwick, 1933; Liverpool, 1934-1935; Croydon, 1936-1937); clerk (Caringbah, 1949)

===''MAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert May|May, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank May|May, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-CXP] - 1878(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6FM Dwellingup (1929-1931); 6FM Gnowangerup (1933); 6FM Esperance (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 139, 1915; AOCP 560, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: stationmaster (Gnowangerup, WA, 1931; Esperance, WA, 1936-1937; Armadale, WA; 1943; Collie, WA, 1949)

===''MAYNARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maynard|Maynard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Stewart Maynard|Maynard, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGN4-3BJ] - 1911(NSW)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2JG Sydney (Croydon, 1931; Haberfield, 1933-1934; Croydon, 1935-1938; Ashfield, NSW, 1939); 9FM Popondetta (1969); 4RY Atherton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 150, 1930; COCP1 86, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; South Perth, WA, 1937); retired (Atherton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MAYGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mayger|Mayger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Hubert Mayger|Mayger, Neil Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F7-J2D] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); sales (Darlinghurst, 1937); salesman (East Sydney, 1937); Sales (Darlinghurst, 1943)

===''MAZURE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mazure|Mazure, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Thomas Mazure|Mazure, Frederick Thomas or Thomas Frederick &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-J2Y] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6MZ Jindong via Busselton (1939, 1948-1969); 6MZ Busselton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2398, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: settler (Group 53 via Busselton, WA, 1931-1963); farmer (Jondong, WA, 1968); retired (Busselton, WA, 1972-1980)

===''MCATEER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph McAteer|McAteer, Brother Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKT-JWB] - 1881(NZ)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Receive Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1923); 5AQ Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCAULEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McAuley|McAuley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Money McAuley|McAuley, William John Money &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKH-Z5Y] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1931); 3BCM Melbourne (Brighton, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 221, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: jackaroo (Nyngan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Womboota, Vic, 1937-1943)

===''MCBRIDE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBride|McBride, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander James McBride|McBride, Alexander James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXR-Z1G] - 1914(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4BR Brisbane (Wilston, 1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2320, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (radio repair) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Wilston, Qld, 1936-1980)

===''MCBURNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBurney|McBurney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Hope McBurney|McBurney, Douglas Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G66Y-BKV] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XHJ Sydney (Milsons Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1958); chartered engineer (Milsons Point, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MCCABE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Bernard McCabe|McCabe, William Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ1C-FN2] - 1864(Irl)-1938(WA) - Licences: 7AQ Clarence Point (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (St Kilda, Vic, 1912; Balaclava, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, 1915-1921; Caulfield, 1924); orchardist (Clarence Point, 1922-1928); civil engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1937)
===''MCCALMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCalman|McCalman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Colin McCalman|McCalman, Maxwell Colin &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-V77] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 142, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: musician (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MCCANDLISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCandlish|McCandlish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack McCandlish|McCandlish, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-TJC] - 1915(Eng)-1943(Ins) - Licences: 3HN Sea Lake (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1468, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Sergeant, Commando, 1943) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Sea Lake, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1685215 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/638249 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCCARTHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCarthy|McCarthy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard John McCarthy|McCarthy, Howard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-NHR] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1847-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2312, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Keith McCarthy|McCarthy, John Keith &quot;Keith / Macca&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G528-9XX] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 3FX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1932-1933); 2IM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1934); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935); 3FX Melbourne (Hampton, 1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939; City, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1954-1956); 9AR On board yacht Pandemonium (1969);  P29AR/MM On board yacht Pandemonium (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1036, 1932, Vic; COCP3 6578, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; state public servant (Vic Railways, telegraphist); military (RAAF, DFC, AFM, AE) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gardiner, Vic, 1928); no occupation (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); wireless mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935); aircraftsman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Templestowe, Vic, 1954; Broadbeach, Qld, 1963); retired (Currumbin Beach, Qld, 1968)

===''MCCARTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCartney|McCartney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm John Young McCartney|McCartney, Malcolm John Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8W-RB1] - 1911(Vic)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1954; St Kilda, 1955-1965; Hampton, 1969-1975); 4KV Cairns (Holloway Beach, 1975; Manunda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2353, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937); artist (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1954-1967; Hampton, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Cairns, Qld, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MCCLELLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis George Trotter McClelland|McClelland, Francis George Trotter &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ3D-X9M] - 1883(Vic)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XMC Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (East Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1916)

===''MCCONNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McConnell|McConnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCONNELL

* [[/James Ross McConnell|McConnell, James Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ7-9FK] - 1895(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XNU Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 303, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); traveller (Kew, Vic, 1922-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Helge McConnell|McConnell, John Helge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-VX3] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3RV Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948); 3RV Eildon (1954); 3RV Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1645, 1936, Vic; BOCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); radio engineer (Eildon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCCORMACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCormack|McCormack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCORMACK

* [[/William Henry Osborne McCormack|McCormack, William Henry Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFZS-FFS] - 1878(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XBH Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1913; Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1943)

===''MCCRACKEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCracken|McCracken, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin Gordon McCracken|McCracken or McCrackan, Colin Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT8-2HB] - 1892(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XJAZ Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Armadale, Vic, 1914-1916); builder (Malvern, Vic, 1916-1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954; Burwood, Vic, 1967-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972)

===''MCCREDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCredie|McCredie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric St Clair McCredie|McCredie, Eric St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBYJ-241] - 1903(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2EV Sydney (Burwood, 1932-1938; Arncliffe, 1939; Brighton-le-Sands, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 921, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of Roland Alexander McCredie - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); pharmaceutical chemist (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Roland Alexander McCredie|McCredie, Roland Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR9-4BL] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Campsie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EV Eric St Clair McCredie - Electoral Rolls: law student (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); solicitor (Burwood, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''MCCUBBIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCubbin|McCubbin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce Lorimer McCubbin|McCubbin, Bruce Lorimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYKR-99F] - 1916(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3SO Melbourne (Richmond, 1936-1939, 1947; Burwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1698, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, Aircraft Repair; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1937-1942); labourer's assistant? (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MCCULLAGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Austral McCullagh|McCullagh, Alexander Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNN-V7Y] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Home Hill, 1923); 2RR Sydney (Balgowlah, 1965-1969); 9NI Norfolk Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2977, 1959; AOLCP 754, 1959; AOCP 4229, 1964, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Sandgate, Qld, 1919); chemist (Inkerman Mill, Qld, 1922); engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930; Abbotsford, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1934-1936); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Green Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MCCULLOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, George Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-SVW] - 1907(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Receive Ballarat (1923-1924); 3GM Ballarat (1925-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 198, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1931-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;3XM-3GM - George Robert McCulloch&quot;

===''MCCUTCHEON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCutcheon|McCutcheon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. A. McCutcheon|McCutcheon, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OX Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCDERMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Westall McDermott|McDermott, James Westall &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-PY2] - 1913(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JM Brisbane (1930) &amp; Nambour (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 711, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4RM Robert Ernest McDermott; son of 4WP Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Nambour, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Robert Ernest McDermott|McDermott, Robert Ernest &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW8-QJ5]  - 1917(Qld)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 4RM Nambour (1938-1939); 4RM Brisbane (Ekibin, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2223, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); business proprietor (radio/TV retail, Ekibin) - Relationships: brother of James Westall McDermott; son of Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, 1943; Ekibin, 1949-1968); TV engineer (Tewantin, Qld, 1972-1980)
* [[/Westall Samuel McDermott|McDermott, Westall Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-2SQ] - 1889(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4WP Nambour (1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2087, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of James Westall McDermott &amp; Robert Ernest McDermott - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Hendon, Qld, 1916-1917; Sandgate, Qld, 1921; Glen Eagle, Qld, 1925-1928; Rosemount, Qld, 1934; Nambour, Qld, 1937-1958); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1963)

===''MCDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonald|McDonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONALD

* [[/Arthur Hunter McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGC-3C4] - 1913(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFC Grafton (1937-1938); 2AFC Lismore (1939); 2AFC Sydney (Maroubra, 1947-1950; Padstow, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: vulcanizer (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1937); fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1943); toolmaker (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Arthur Stephen McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36J-ZLJ] - 1891(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 700, 1922 - broadcast engineer (PMGD, RANRS, AWA); professional society administrator (IEA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1913; St Kilda, Vic, 1916-1924; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936); engineer (Edgecliff, 1943; Double Bay, 1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdonald-arthur-stephen-7333 ADB]; [https://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P001299b.htm Bright Sparks]

* [[/Colin McDonald|McDonald, Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-SCG] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Rockhampton (1935-1938); 2AKK Moree (1939); 4CD Rockhampton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1440, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1958); accountant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Donald McDonald|McDonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)?

* [[/Donald Munro McDonald|McDonald, Donald Munro]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RW-5DX] - 1883(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922); 3KS Melbourne (Yarraville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Yarraville, Vic, 1912-1913); labourer (Yarraville, Vic, 1914-1949); retired (Yarraville, Vic, 1954-1963) - Comment: Several contemporaneous DMMs

* [[/Dudley Carmichael McDonald|McDonald, Dudley Carmichael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1NF-KDY] - 1908(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3DM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Armadale, 1954-1956; Ascot Vale, 1960); 4MY Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 886, 1932, Vic; COCP2 438, 1941; COCP1 514, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1949); technician (Malvern West, Vic, 1954; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1963); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/G. A. McDonald|McDonald, G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DN Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John McDonald|McDonald, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-WJR] - 1894(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 137, 1915; CPRT 190, 1916 (replacement?) - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMcD - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; Ancestry.com 1000s of hits to be sifted

* [[/Robert Rupert McDonald|McDonald, Robert Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18T-ND3] - 1917(Vic)-2011(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3MD Melbourne (Merlynstone, 1947-1975); 3MD Harcourt (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2285, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Mitchell, Vic, 1942); nil (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1972-1977; Harcourt, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Neville McDonald|McDonald, Wilfred Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-DB1] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Parramatta, 1935-1936); 4ZT Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1937; New Farm, 1938-1939; Annerley, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1412, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Annerley, Qld, 1949); electrical engineer (Tennyson, Qld, 1954-1963); manager (Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MCDONELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonell|McDonell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MCDONNELL

* [[/Charles Joseph McDonell|McDonell, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5Q2-CYT] - 1893(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XABS Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 17th Battalion, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (3.5 years) at time of enlistment 1915; Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1650670 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCDONOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonough|McDonough, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONOUGH

* [[/Ernest Richard McDonough|McDonough, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQX-NXY] - 1875(Wales)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920) - Electoral Rolls: Royal Navy (Newport, Vic, 1914-1915); Royal Australian Navy (Yarraville, Vic, 1917-1919); hotel proprietor (West Maitland, 1930-1935); retired (Wickham, 1937)

===''MCDOWALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowall|McDowall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWALL

* [[/Valentine McDowall|McDowall, Valentine &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M14R-SPG] - 1881(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Receive Brisbane (1922); 4CM Brisbane (City, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radiographer; WW2 - 4CM operator primarily Thomas Murray Browse Elliott after about 1925 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Laidley, 1906-1914; Clayfield, 1919; Ascot, 1934-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdowall-valentine-7349 ADB]

===''MCDOWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowell|McDowell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWELL

* [[/George McDowell|McDowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWK-72Y] - 1907(Scotland)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GM Clarence River (1931); 2GM Richmond River (1933); 2GM Grafton (1933-1936); 2GM Sydney (Bankstown, 1937-1938); 2GM Inverell (1939); 2GM Sydney (Earlwood, 1946; Old Guildford, 1947-1955; Chester Hill, 1956-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 825, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: yardman (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932); radio serviceman (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1935); enamel worker (Bankstown, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/John Edward Daniel McDowell|McDowell, John Edward Daniel or John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX86-J52] - 1914(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Ascot, 1937-1939); 4CX Gladstone (1947-1965); 4CX Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1873, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Ascot, Qld, 1937); chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1943-1949); industrial chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1954-1963); chemistry instructor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''MCELREA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McElrea|McElrea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACELREA

* [[/William James McElrea|McElrea, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-M3C] - 1913(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UV Sydney (Daceyville, 1935-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1559, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Daceyville, NSW, 1937-1958)

===''MCELWEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Johnston McElwee|McElwee, George Johnston]] - 1879(Tas)-1981(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - involved with Launceston Radio Clubs searching for the roar

===''MCGARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lloyd Ignatius McGarry|McGarry, Lloyd Ignatius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GT-4PR] - 1919(NSW)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4XY Roma (1937-1939); 4XY Rockhampton (1947); 4XY Brisbane (Taringa, 1948; Coorparoo, 1954-1956); 2ALM Sydney (Lakemba, 1960-1965); 1AM Canberra (Macquarie, 1969-1975); 4ALL Brisbane (Kingston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1943, 1937, Qld; BOCP 139, 1937; 2COCP 607, 1942; 1COCP 1026, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4GR, 4ZR); military (RAAF, WW2, mobile wireless, post WW2 Naval Intelligence); federal public servant (PMGD); scientist (Ionospheric Prediction Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Deagon, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1958)

===''MCGAURAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGauran|McGauran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Duncan James Macfarlane McGauran|McGauran, Duncan James Macfarlane]] - 1849(NZ)-1889(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria, member; Society of Telegraph Engineers, London, member); employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs; WA Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendant Telegraphs; NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs), patents in Quadraplex Telegraphy, father of Duncan James McGauran (telegraphist, accountant, inventor of a telephone meter)

===''MCGEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Carney Mitchell McGee|McGee, Carney Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-9LF] - 1910(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 5LX Adelaide (Mile End, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 676, 1930, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 52, 1936; 1COCP 210, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (North Unley, SA, 1939); assistant radio inspector (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); radio inspector (Kensington, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Como, 1980)
===''MCGEOCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Samuel McGeoch|McGeoch, William Leslie Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVNY-SDX] - 1912(WA)-2007(WA) - Licences: 6WL Brookton (1935-1939, 1947-1956); 6WL Bunbury (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1442, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brookton, WA, 1936-1943); radio service (Brookton, WA, 1958); electrician (Carey Park, WA, 1968-1980)

===''MCGOWAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGowan|McGowan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Clarence Graham McGowan|McGowan, Robert Clarence Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYK3-KJF] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3GO Sale (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3GO Melbourne (Frankston, 1954-1956; Blackburn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1733, 1936, Vic; BOCP 138, 1937; TVOCP 178, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1943-1949); radio technician (Frankston, Vic, 1954); technician (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1972); technical officer (Blackburn, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Samuel Walker McGowan|McGowan, Samuel Walker]] - 1829(Irl)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Vic Posts and Telegraphs (Superintendent Telegraphs), successfully tendered for the first Australian electric telegraph 1854 (Melbourne to Williamstown) then appointed to the public service to operate and maintain it, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria)

* [[/William Eugene Charles McGowan|McGowan, William Eugene Charles]] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2MQ Sydney (Haberfield, 1932-1934); 2ABF Sydney (Five Dock, 1936); 2MQ Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Waverley, 1938; Bondi, 1939; Abbotsford, 1946; Concord West, 1947-1950; Rydalmere, 1954-1961; Epping, 1965; Turramurra, 1969; Wollstonecraft, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1031, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, NSW, 1932-1935); traveller (Five Dock, 1937); foreman (Five Dock, 1943); supervisor (Concord West, NSW, 1949); assistant superintendant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1954-1958); factory superintendent (Epping, NSW, 1963); manager (Turramurra South, NSW, 1968); superintendent (Turramurra South, NSW, 1972); manager (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1977)

===''MCGRANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrane|McGrane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Milton Clarence McGrane|McGrane, John Milton Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-B72] - 1911(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1015, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''MCGRATH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Philip McGrath|McGrath, Edward Philip &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW87-9K5] - 1906(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5MO Adelaide (Parkside, 1933-1939; West Mitcham, 1947-1965; Aldgate, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1175, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Parkside, SA, 1939)
* [[/Francis Thomas McGrath|McGrath, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-HRN] - 1891(Tas)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 87, 1915; 1COCP 45, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Moonah, Tas, 1919); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1922); engineer (Eagle Junction, 1925); telegraphist (South Yarra, 1926-1927); supervisor (Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1934; Camberwell, Vic, 1936)

===''MCGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGregor|McGregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Aenas McGregor|McGregor, Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WT] - 1865(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XJEA Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Father of 3ZE Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Armadale, 1919; Toorak, 1928-1936)

* [[/John Ferguson McGregor|McGregor, John Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-8KP] - 1898(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2MY Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1937; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 938, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Signal Sqdrn Engineers, 1917-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JFMs - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenmore, NSW, 1930-1931; Drummoyne, NSW, 1933; Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935; Paddington, NSW, 1937); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor|McGregor, Keith Wilfred Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WQ] - 1903(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZE Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1924; Toorak, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 52, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of XJEA Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toorak, 1925-1928)

* [[/Robert Ross McGregor|McGregor, Robert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCC-MQW] - 1917(NZ)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XZ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937); 3XZ Warragul (1938-1939); 3XZ Mooroopna (1947-1948); 3XZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1954-1975; Frankston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1937, Vic; BOCP 65, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mooroopna, Vic, 1949); technician (Mentone, Vic, 1954; Mordialloc, Vic, 1967); electronics (Frankston, Vic, 1977); engineer (Stawell, Vic, 1980)

===''MCGRIGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Ross McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCB-TMN] - 1911(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCGUIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuigan|McGuigan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allyn Joseph McGuigan|McGuigan, Allyn Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95X-QF6] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AEP Mudgee (1938-1939, 1946-1954); 2AEP Lismore (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 19, 1930; AOCP 2158, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1930); factory hand (Annandale South, NSW, 1931-1933); mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1936; Mudgee, NSW, 1937-1954); radio technician (Lismore, NSW, 1958-1963); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1980)

===''MCGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuire|McGuire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Patrick Holman McGuire|McGuire, Leo Patrick Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HK-B2T] - 1906(NSW)-2001(WA) - Licences: 3KM Myrtleford (1929-1937); 3KM Corryong (1938-1939); 6MG Manjimup (1947-1969); 6MG Perth (Thornlie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 488, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Wangaratta, Vic, 1928); picture proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1931); postal employee (Myrtleford, Vic, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Mt Magnet, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1949); radio mechanic (Manjimup, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MCHUGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Charles McHugh|McHugh, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-V5Z] - 1914(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KA or 6KD Perth (Guildford, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1766, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Guildford, WA, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Belmont, WA, 1949; North Perth, WA, 1954); mechanic (Cottesloe, WA, 1954; Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1972)

===''MCINTOSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Edgar McIntosh|McIntosh, Raymond Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P8-MW7] - 1897(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFA Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914); 2ZG Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1925); 2AFQ Sydney (CBD, 1948-1950; Rose Bay, 1954; Turramurra, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: CPRT 165, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP3 675, 1948 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Bulimba, Qld, 1928); sound engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943-1954); sound engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFA-2ZG-2AFQ - Raymond Edgar McIntosh&quot;
* [[/Stanley John James McIntosh|McIntosh, Stanley John James &quot;Stan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-C5P] - 1913(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4PK Ipswich (Woodend, 1931-1939); 4PK Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 730, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (workshop foreman); business proprietor (electrical engineering) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woodend, Qld, 1934-1937; Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''MCINTYRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McIntyre|McIntyre, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel George McIntyre|McIntyre, Daniel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTNG-PHV] - 1901(NZ?)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2VX Receive Sydney (Pymble, 1923); 2VX Sydney (Pymble, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1958); radio retailer (Pymble, 1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2VX - Daniel George McIntyre&quot;

* [[/Leslie Richard McIntyre|McIntyre, Leslie Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LN2V-BXN] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Melbourne (Altona, 1947; West Melbourne, 1948-1960; Clayton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2294, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1192, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Murtoa, Vic, 1936-1942); radio worker (Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCKAIL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Lancelot Martyn McKail|McKail, Henry Lancelot Martyn or Martin &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 1887(WA)-1944(WA) - Licences: 6BT Perth (City, 1923-1924); 6BU Perth (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgan River, WA, 1910; West Perth, WA, 1916-1917); science master (Crawley, WA, 1925-1937)

===''MCKELLAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKellar|McKellar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rudolph Warren McKellar|McKellar, Rudolph Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWNZ-17F] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJAT Melbourne (Toorak, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, enlisted, not called up for duty); WW2 (2AIF, Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1925); manager (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1968)

===''MCKENNA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenna|McKenna, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Mathew McKenna|McKenna, Archibald Mathew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G554-45L] - 1917(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2WB Sydney (Five Dock, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1512, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Yamba, NSW, 1980)

===''MCKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenzie|McKenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander John McKenzie|McKenzie, Alexander John]] - 1905(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Bruce Alexander McKenzie|McKenzie, Bruce Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH3-NBY] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3VF Melbourne (Preston, 1935-1939); 3VF Geelong (Drysdale, 1947-1948); 3VF Melbourne (Croydon, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1539, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943; Drysdale, Vic, 1949); radio mechanic (Croydon, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Cecil Roland McKenzie|McKenzie, Cecil Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-L7Q] - 1899(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Sydney (Watson's Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; electrical fitter apprentice (Warburton Franki, 1915-1917); WW1 (Private, 2nd Bat AIF, 1917-1920; gassed France 1918, invalided); WW2 (Staff Skipper, RANVR, 1944)- draftsman (-1930-1958) - Relationships: husband of 2GA-2FV Florence Violet Granville - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958)

* McKenzie, Florence Violet  (married name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/Kenneth Adam McKenzie|McKenzie, Kenneth Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-Y26] - 1914(Vic)-2014(Vic)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1877, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1977; Box Hill North, Vic, 1980)

===''MCKEONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKeone|McKeone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Charles McKeone|McKeone, James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6JC-Y1F] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3CV Melbourne (Essendon, 1935-1939); 3JY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1554, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newmarket, Vic, 1921-1925; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1927-1936); railway employee (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MCKEOWN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan McIllroy McKeown|McKeown, Allan McIllroy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69J-SFC] - 1904(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3YZ Melbourne (Alphington, 1924-1927); 3YZ Geelong (1931); 3YZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1933-1939, 1946-1969); 3YZ Ocean Grove (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 51, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 42, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1936-1954; Alphington, 1968); nil (Ocean Grove, 1972-1977)

===''MCKINLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Harold McKinley|McKinley, Norman Harold &quot;Shorty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWGP-TLC] - 1913(???)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 969, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Milton, Qld, 1949-1972); driver (Paddington, Qld, 1980)

===''MCLAUCHLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles David McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Charles David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYL6-PYY] - 1876(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 6BW Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923); 6BW Perth (Victoria Park, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1906; Perth, 1910-1916); telegraph engineer (Victoria Park, 1925); superintendent telegraphs (South Yarra, 1931; Camberwell, 1937-1943)

===''MCLAUGHLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLaughlin|McLaughlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* See also McLauchlan

* See also McLoughlin

* [[/William Reuben McLaughlin|McLaughlin, William Reuben]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMF-Q14] - 1904(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1932-1937); 2ML Taree (1938); 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1939; Mosman, 1946-1950); 3AMY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1965; Ringwood East, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1061, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943); proprietor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958); radio technician (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963); technician (Ringwood East, Vic, 1968)

===''MCLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLean|McLean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stewart Campbell McLean|McLean, Stewart Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86G-PMR] - 1910(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3GK Melbourne (Yarraville, 1930-1933; Brunswick, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; Caulfield, 1960); 3AIA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 601, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 65, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarraville, 1931-1936); nil (Elsternwick, 1954); engineer (Caulfield, 1958-1980)

===''MCLENNAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth McLennan|McLennan, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9H-B4N] - 1892(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 124, 1915; 2COCP 185, 1930; 1COCP 238, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous KMcLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCLEOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLeod|McLeod, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McLeod|McLeod, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMKJ-L25] - 1972(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4CF Receive Brisbane (Red Hill, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Red Hill, 1903-1905); pastrycook (Red Hill, 1908-1926; Mt Bruce, 1929-1943)

* [[/Gordon Stuart McLeod|McLeod, Gordon Stuart or Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-38Y] - 1912(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 3ZZ Geelong (West Geelong, 1930-1931; Newtown, 1933); 2RU Sydney (Kogarah, 1935; Enfield, 1936); 3ZZ Geelong (Crib Point, 1937; Wallington, 1938); 2ADC Sydney (Sans Souci, 1939; Hurstville, 1946-1947; Beverley Hills, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 707, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Crib Point, Vic, 1937); petty officer RAN (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); clerk (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Herbert Allan McLeod|McLeod, Herbert Allan &quot;Allan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLB-YFG] - 1915(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3YR Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1933); 3AHM Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1948; Aspendale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 994, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Richmond, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949); technical officer (Carrum, Vic, 1954-1968; Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman McLeod|McLeod, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86P-8F2] - 1901(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3NM Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 602, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Caulfield, 1937-1968)

* [[/Norman James McLeod|McLeod, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK7-SCW] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 2PM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Greenwich, 1935-1936; Artarmon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 939, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 172, 1938; AIR1 4, 1939; COCP1 261, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Pilot Officer, 10 Sqdn, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1936); electrical fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1716727 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=98021 RAF Commands]; [https://www.facebook.com/rafcommand/photos/this-well-worn-sunderland-iii-w4004z-coded-rb-z-of-no-10-squadron-raaf-has-just-/807939482876236/?locale=hi_IN&amp;paipv=0&amp;eav=Afb4brXKggt7tJAxg7ngyMVMHLg2UozgHsnnZvzuguk1v9yNpf8dTYamtXan_MOYRbo&amp;_rdr Photo of salvaged plane] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCLOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/E. C. McLoughlin|McLoughlin, E. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5KJ Port Lincoln (1928-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MCMAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMahon|McMahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Hanney McMahon|McMahon, Leo Hanney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD8-XQH] - 1914(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 4LM Brisbane (Toombul, 1933-1938); 2ALM Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1939); 2AC Sydney (Kingsford, 1946-1950; Randwick, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1104, 1933, Qld) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, AMC); occupation (doctor) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MCMANAMEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William McManamey|McManamey, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1ZX-29T] - 1895(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XIR Sydney (Milson's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1937); company executive (Killara, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Killara, NSW, 1968-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIR - William McManamey&quot;

===''MCMASTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/D. C. McMaster|McMaster, D. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IZ Receive Cassilis (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: 
* [[/John McMaster|McMaster, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls:

===''MCMATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMath|McMath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Joseph McMath|McMath, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KG-ZK2] - 1910(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3JJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1927-1939; South Melbourne, 1946-1960; Elwood, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 351, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968; Black Rock, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''MCMILLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMillan|McMillan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Chestnut McMillan|McMillan, Joseph Chestnut]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-8TG] - 1901(Sct)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 7BP Receive Hobart (City, 1923); 7BP Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1928)

===''MCMURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMurray|McMurray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McMurray|McMurray, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4W-BTZ] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AEV Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1820, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: section manager (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1958); assistant manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1958); manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Curng, NSW, 1980)

===''MCMURTRIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Adam McMurtrie|McMurtrie, Sydney Adam or Adam Sydney &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQM-DQW] - 1908(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4JR Booval (1929-1933); 2AFX Lismore (1937-1939); 4KT Gympie (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 491, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Gympie, 1936); radio salesman (Lismore, 1937); telephone mechanic (Gympie, 1943-1980)
===''MCNAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNair|McNair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James McNair|McNair, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6K-TB3] - 1891(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XPI Melbourne (Brunswick West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Brunswick, Vic, 1914-1922; St Kilda, Vic, 1924; Brunswick West, Vic, 1927-1977)

===''MCNALLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNally|McNally, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Cornelius McNally|McNally, Roy Cornelius or Cornelius Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF9-TLQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CE Berriwillock (1931-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 775, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Berriwillock, Vic, 1928-1977)

===''MCNALTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNalty|McNalty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph McNalty|McNalty, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXW-67M] - 1901(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DZ Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Mackay, Qld, 1930-1943); public servant (Fairfield, Qld, 1949); clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1954); telegraphist (St Lucia, Qld, 1958)

===''MCNAMARA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNamara|McNamara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sidney McNamara|McNamara, John Sidney or Sydney &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55R-7ZL] - 1915(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2EQ Sydney (Oatley, 1935-1937; Hornsby, 1938-1939; Randwick, 1946-1947; Oatley, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1483, 1935, NSW; BOCP 566, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1943); musician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Staunton McNamara|McNamara, Staunton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-VYS] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5ZH Blackwood (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2174, 1938, SA; BOCP 268, 1939; TVOCP 232, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''MCNICOL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNicol|McNicol, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Edgar McNicol|McNicol, Robert William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-6NN] - 1917(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4WM Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1680, 1936, Qld; BOCP 57, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Teneriffe, Qld, 1943); university lecturer (Tarragindi, Qld, 1954-1972)

===''MCNIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99V6-PW7] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1795, 1936, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: government employee (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1924; Echuca, Vic, 1927); telegraphist (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); salesman (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); postmaster (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963)

===''MCPHERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McPherson|McPherson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin John McPherson|McPherson, Colin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H3-CBF] - 1914(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2VO West Maitland (1933-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1134, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Maitland, NSW, 1936-1954); projectionist (Maitland East, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Colin Thomas McPherson|McPherson, Colin Thomas or Thomas Collins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-HST] - 1897(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3LU Melbourne (Footscray, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 523, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Field Artillery Brigade, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: student (Footscray, 1919); storeman (Footscray, 1922-1942)

* [[/Ewen Cameron McPherson|McPherson or Macpherson, Ewen or Ewen Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5MS-M88] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XABO Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 169, 1915 (Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator (Navy, pre-WW1); WW1 (Army, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Troop, Sapper-Corporal-Sergeant, 1916-1918, Invalided) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Clarenza, NSW, 1913); radio telegraphist (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Murdoch John McPherson|McPherson, Murdoch or Murdock John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/27D9-9TB] - 1904(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4MC Merinda (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 916, 1926; 2COCP 58, 1929; 1COCP 161, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Merinda, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1929); clerk (Mt Coolah, NSW, 1968)

===''MCTAGGART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McTaggart|McTaggart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Kenneth McTaggart|McTaggart, Frederick Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQT-DYW] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3NW Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939; Glen Iris, 1947-1948; South Camberwell, 1954-1956; Hawthorn East, 1960-1969); 3NW Woori Yallock (1975); 3NW Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+); 3ANW Portable Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947; South Camberwell, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1285, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954); scientist (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; St Kilda, Vic, 1972); retired (Box Hill, Vic, 1980)

===''MCVINISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McVinish|McVinish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Robertson McVinish|McVinish, James Robertson or Robertson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNR-BDH] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4MV Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2363, 1939, Qld; COCP2 1068, 1946; COCP1 1226, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); radio technician (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1972); technician (Sunnybank Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MEAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mead|Mead, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Mead|Mead, Jack]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-ZSH] - 1915(WA)-2009(WA) - Licences: 6LJ Perth (East Victoria Park, 1931-1939; Wembley, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 803, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 168, 1934; 1COCP 289, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Victoria Park, WA, 1937); mechanic (Wembley, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Jordan Arthur Mead|Mead, Jordan Arthur or Arthur Jordan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTJF-1KH] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1924); 2JA Sydney (Ashfield, 1925-1928); 2JA Byron Bay (1929-1930); 2AJA Sydney (Ashfield, 1946; Bexley, 1947-1957); 2JM Sydney (Bexley, 1958-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 212, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Byron Bay, NSW, 1930; Ashfield, NSW, 1931-1943); power technician (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1968); electrical field officer (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William James Mead|Mead, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZK-L78] - 1915(SA)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JM Adelaide (Walkerville, 1947-1948; Ferryden Park, 1954); 4BM Brisbane (Gumdale, 1955-1956; Mitchelton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2267, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Malvern, SA, 1943; Gumdale, Qld, 1958; Mitchelton, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''MEADOWS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Meadows|Meadows, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-ZRK] - 1907(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 4RM Mackay (1932-1939);  2ARM Sydney (Kirribilli, 1946-1948); 2IN Sydney (Rhodes, 1956-1958; Chiswick, 1960; Long Jetty, 1961; Killarney Vale, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 879, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (Pems Radio, Rockhampton); journalist (Minchens Electrical Weekly); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: reporter (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1932); radiotrician (Mackay, 1934-1937); wireless instructor (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); manager (Rhodes, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Five Dock, NSW, 1958; Killarney Vale, NSW, 1963)

===''MEDHURST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medhurst|Medhurst, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Edney Medhurst|Medhurst, Edgar Edney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-WFC] - 1902(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Eric Charles Medhurst|Medhurst, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-5RC] - 1915(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1947; Caringbah, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1350, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); charge hand (Yowie Bay, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frederick William Medhurst|Medhurst, Frederick William &quot;Pop&quot; (in latter years)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4GS-R6P] - 1868(Eng)-1969(Tas) 101yo - Licences: XZD Hobart (1913-1914); 7AH Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923); 7AH Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1924-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter from 1901; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (Medhurst &amp; Sons, 1920s) - Relationships: father of  Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst, all in the business and interested in radio

* [[/Harry Frederick Medhurst|Medhurst, Harry Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-QZV] - 1893(Tas)-1963(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Phillip Aubrey Medhurst|Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-DFX] - 1895(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Rowland Arthur Medhurst|Medhurst, Rowland Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-ZT4] - 1892(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, lecturing on wireless 1911, never licensed, likely utilised licence of XZD-7AH (father), son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst

===''MEDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medley|Medley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David John Medley|Medley, David John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-K4J] - 1919(Eng)-2010(USA)90yo - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939; Melbourne CBD, 1947; Carlton, 1948); 5AE Portable Darwin (1948); 3DL Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2116, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Melbourne University, Carlton, Vic, 1943); engineer (Civil Aviation, Darwin, NT, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954); teller? (Unanderra. NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MEDLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medlin|Medlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel James Clifford Medlin|Medlin, Noel James Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MB-743] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (ABCB); federal public servant (ABCB); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, 1943; St Kilda, 1949; Camberwell, 1954-1977); retired (Inverloch, 1980) - Comment: father of AM directional antennas in Australia

===''MENON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey John Menon|Menon, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-3CQ] - 1905(SA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 3OG Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3OG Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1927); 2OG Sydney (Haberfield, 1928; Croydon, 1929-1931); 3OG Melbourne (East Kew, 1933); 2OG Sydney (Northbridge, 1934-1935; Chatswood, 1936-1937; Longueville, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Pymble, 1950; West Pennant Hills, 1954-1965; Arcadia, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 209, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda West, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1934); radio engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Longueville, NSW, 1943); engineer (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954-1958; Arcadia, NSW, 1968)

===''MERCHIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie George Merchin|Merchin, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTLT-SSF] - 1917(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ML Richmond (1934-1939); 4MG Richmond (1948); 4MG Killarney (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1399, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Richmond, Qld, 1943-1949); motor mechanic (Killarney, Qld, 1954-1968; Rockhampton North, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MEREDITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement George Benger Meredith|Meredith, Clement George Benger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJD-6S6] - 1885(WA)-1959(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 15, 1914 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1916); officer-in-charge wireless (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917)
* [[/Llewellyn Lennon Meredith|Meredith, Llewellyn Lennon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8W-LV7] - 1885(Eng)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 246, 1916 - ship wireless officer, AWA (traffic manager) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Gone too soon - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_04_04#P.22_-_Obituary_-_Mr._L._L._Meredith|Obit]]
===''MESSENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Messenger|Messenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percival Albert Messenger|Messenger, Percival Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRP-BS1] - 1892(SA)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 5PM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 70, 1915 (Marconi); CPRT 152, 1915 (Balsillie) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manager (Randwick, NSW, 1936; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''MEYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyer|Meyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Cecil Meyer|Meyer, Frederick Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G254-32B] - 1914(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AGY Sydney (Annandale, 1937-1938); 2AGY Newcastle (Waratah, 1939; Newcastle, 1946-1950; North Lambton, 1954; Newcastle, 1955-1961; Highfields, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1910, 1937, NSW; COCP2 150, 1938; COCP1 555, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 
constable (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Waratah, NSW, 1943); police constable (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; North Lambton, NSW, 1954); shopkeeper (Newcastle, NSW, 1958); business proprietor (Highfields, NSW, 1963); cleaner (Newcastle, NSW, 1968); hospital employee (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MEYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyers|Meyers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Samuel Meyers|Meyers, Leo Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-485] - 1915(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946; Yagoona, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1397, 1934, NSW; AOCP1 7, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943); electrical mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Morris Henry Meyers|Meyers, Morris Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93NK-C56] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2VN Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1939, 1946-1948; Killara, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1477, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mosman, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1529423 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1681488 VWM]

===''MIATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arthur Miatt|Miatt, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJB-QNV] - 1890(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAR Sydney (Botany, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''MICHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Michell|Michell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hector Ernest Henderson Michell|Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNQ-T5H] - 1897(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3JP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3JP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1931; Elsternwick, 1933); 3JP Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AEM Hamilton (1960-1969); 3JX Hamilton (1975-1980+); operator of 3LR Elsternwick Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 162, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Army Veterinary Corps, Anzac Mounted Division, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Balaclava, 1919-1921); draftsman (Caulfield, 1922); land officer (Hamilton, 1936-1980)

===''MIDDLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Middleton|Middleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Middleton|Middleton, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSF-1MV] - 1901(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2SU Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1939); 2RE Sydney (CBD, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943); technician (Beresfield, NSW, 1954)

===''MIKKELSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mikkelsen|Mikkelsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Clein Mikkelsen|Middleton, Gordon Clein]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB47-NHW] - 1916(Vic)-2008(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3XV Melbourne (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1917, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: spring maker (Coburg, Vic, 1942); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Doncaster East, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MILBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Leslie Milburn|Milburn, Henry Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-8VJ] - 1890(Vic)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Home Hill (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowong, 1919); electrical engineer (Home Hill, 1922-1925; Stanthorpe, 1934-1949) - Halcyon: not mentioned?

===''MILES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gilbert Thomas Miles|Miles, Gilbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-X19] - 1904(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3II Receive Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1922); 3II Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1924-1925); 3KQ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1937); 7KQ Hobart (Bellerive, 1937-1939); 2KI Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1969; Campsie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1019, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 106, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1931); engineer (Elsternwick, 1936); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1972); engineer (Croydon, 1977-1980)
* [[/Harry Raymond Miles|Miles, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NJ-DQ2] - 1911(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1933); 6XL Wiluna (1937); 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 645, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wiluna Gold Mines, WA, 1936; Mt Beauty, Vic, 1954); poultry farmer (Balga, WA, 1958-1972); farmer (Wanneroo, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Eric Mill|Mill, William Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9779-JP8] - 1896(SA)-1980(WA) - Licences: XYAG Burbanks (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1919; Balkatta, WA, 1921-1922; North Perth, WA, 1925); electrical engineer (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; Maylands, WA, 1949-1968; Inglewood, WA, 1972-1980)
===''MILLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roydon Arthur Milledge|Milledge, Roydon Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMJY-3DW] - 1903(Vic)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 3WT Shepparton (1936-1937); 7WT Hobart (1938-1939); 7WT Ulverstone (1947-1948+); 7WT Hobart (1956-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1693, 1936, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; bank clerk 1931; Civil Engineer 1950s - Electoral Rolls: assistant engineer (State Savings Bank, Auburn, 1927); engineer (Glenhuntley, 1931-1934); civil engineer (Shepparton, 1936)

===''MILLEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millen|Millen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice see Joyce Alice Ward

* [[/John Dunlop Millen|Millen, John Dunlop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC9X-S4W] - 1877(Irl)-1941(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; senator - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Waratah, 1914-1919; Newstead, 1922-1937)

* [[/Dudley Robert Millen|Millen, Dudley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y9-9Z3] - 1908(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3EA Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922); 2DU Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1932-1936); 2LQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1051, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2DU amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2DU Dubbo commercial service - Relationships: Husband of 2MI Joyce Alice Millen nee - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1968); mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972)

===''MILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Miller|Miller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Howard Miller|Miller, Adrian Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-18L] - 1916(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Melbourne (Canterbury, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Glen Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2069, 1938, Vic; BOCP 428, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); accountant (Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Croydon, Vic, 1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Arthur Albert Case Miller|Miller, Arthur Albert Case]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNFH-2N1] - 1895(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XLP Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (AIF, AMTS) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); motor engineer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Gunnedah, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Charles Alexander Miller|Miller, Charles Alexander &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-YRR] - 1915(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4US Brisbane (New Farm, 1933-1936); 2ADE Casino (1935-1939, 1946-1961); 4QM Caloundra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1208, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Casino, 1943-1963); army officer (Ipswich, 1963); retired (Shelley Beach, 1968-1972; Caloundra, 1977-1980)

* [[/Charles Harcourt Miller|Miller, Charles Harcourt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-9QY] - 1921(Tas)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7CM Hobart (Bellerive, 1936-1939; Taroona, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1799, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Bellerive, 1943)

* [[/Francis George Miller|Miller, Francis George &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-LHT] - 1895(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BF Mt Gambier (1923-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 185, 1925, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 58, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; founder of commercial station 5MU Murray Bridge; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Murray Bridge, 1939-1943) [https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/FrankMiller.pdf Biography]

* [[/Frank Colin Miller|Miller, Frank Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9C-86L] - 1884(Eng)-1953(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 126, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engine operator (Radio Station, Roebourne, 1916-1917); station hand (Marron Station, 1918; Carnarvon, 1921; Mallina, 1922-1925); contractor (Roebourne, 1930-1936; Karratha Station, 1937); labourer (Roebourne, 1943); cook (Wittenoom Gorge, 1949)

* [[/H. Miller|Miller, H.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4EH Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1924); 2EH Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert Edward Miller|Miller, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-XMX] - 1899(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HE Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 932, 1926; 2COCP 329, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Campsie, 1930; Belmore, 1932-1943); miner (Glen Davis, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Miller|Miller, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-7LH] - 1897(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4CA Receive Brisbane (West End, 1922); 4HL Brisbane (Hill End, 1927) - Qualifications: CPRT 330, 1917; 2COCP 329, 1940; 1COCP 483, 1940s; BOCP 370, 1941 - ship wireless officer (RMS Bingera, 1920); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (J. B. Chandler, 1924; Overells, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (West End, 1921); salesman (West End, 1925); manager (Coorparoo, 1928); salesman (Coorparoo, 1937-1954); clerk (Camp Hill, 1958-1963)

* [[/Ivan Vinal Miller|Miller, Ivan Vinal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57T-58R] - 1911(NSW)-1972(Aus) - Licences: 2EG Quirindi (1933); 3EG Tallangatta (1937-1939); 3EG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1168, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Quirindi, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1933; Tallangatta, Vic, 1934-1942; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954)

===''MILLERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millerd|Millerd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gerald Frederick Millerd|Millerd, Gerald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-66L] - 1915(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3XT Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1630, 1936, Vic; BOCP 1295, 1953; TVOCP 26, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MILLIGAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stanley Hugh Milligan|Milligan, Stanley Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2CB1-L7Y] - 1901(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3AU Receive Geelong (1922-1923); 3AU Geelong (1924); 3AU Eaglehawk (1924-1926); 3AU Chilwell (1927-1931); 3AU Geelong (1937-1939); 3AU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947; Auburn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 125, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 164, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Eaglehawk, 1924-1926; Geelong West, 1924); radio mechanic (Chilwell, 1927-1931); watchman (Geelong West, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Hawthorn, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, 1954-1968); nil (Doncaster, 1972)
===''MILLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mills|Mills, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Griffiths John Mills|Mills, Griffiths John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CK Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Subiaco, WA, 1929-1931)

* [[/Leopold Benjamin Bertram Mills|Mills, Leopold Benjamin Bertram or Benjamin Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY8-4NL] - 1923(NSW)-2016(NSW)93yo - Licences: 2AJN Sydney (Port Hacking, 1938-1939); 2AJE Sydney (Point Piper, 1948; Strathfield, 1950; Caringbah, 1954-1961; Cronulla, 1965-1968; Dover Heights, 1975; Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2108, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1958); solicitor (Cronulla, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Norman Gibson Mills|Mills, Norman Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9415-SSS] - 1890(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 4NM Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Margate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, Qld, 1919); contractor (Moorooka, Qld, 1921-1954); retired (Margate, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Ralph Mervyn Mills|Mills, Ralph Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JD-GST] - 1909(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Balmain, 1930-1934; Canterbury, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 660, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Balmain, NSW, 1931-1937); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1977; West Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William John Mills|Mills, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB37-DBR] - 1911(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QB Maffra (1937); 3QB Moe (1938-1939); 3QB Newport (1947); 3QB Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1948-1969; Mentone, 1975; Carrum, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1846, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Maffra, Vic, 1936-1937; Army?, wife at Kyabram, Vic, 1942); bank officer (Mentone, Vic, 1949-1954; Mordialloc East, Vic, 1963-1968); manager (Mentone, Vic, 1977); retired (Carrum, Vic, 1980)

===''MILNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Brough Milne|Milne, Andrew Brough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KXN-QZV] - 1890(South Africa)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Dealer Mackay (1926-1927) - Qualifications: 3COCP 3492, 1961 - dealer licence - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Mackay, 1915-1943); mechanical engineer (North Mackay, 1949-1977)
* [[/John Collicott Milne|Milne, John Collicott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP34-518] - 1903(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7AG Gretna (1923-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 604, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gretna, 1928-1980)
===''MILNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milner|Milner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Milner|Milner, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7W-W4D] - 1908(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6GF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 788, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1931; North Beach, WA, 1936-1937); RAAF (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/James Milner|Milner, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXH-1DM] - 1901(Eng)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4AK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1923-1927; Ashgrove, 1931-1936); 4AU Brisbane (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 93, 1925, No. 11 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (prominent from Valley Theatre) - Withdrawal: 4AK amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 4AK Oakey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kelvin Grove, 1925-1926); electrical fitter (Ashgrove, 1928-1943)

===''MILTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milton|Milton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Willis Milton|Milton, Harry Willis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DSK-S68] - 1904(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2NM Mudgee (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1185, 1933, NSW; BOCP 244, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop keeper (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); electrician (Mudgee, NSW, 1935-1936); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Gulgong, NSW, 1949-1954); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958); retired (Mudgee, NSW, 1963-1968; Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''MINCHIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Minchin|Minchin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur W. Minchin|Minchin, Arthur W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4RO Cmcl); wireless retail business proprietor - seems in error, see William Allan Minchin 

* [[/William Allan Minchin|Minchin, William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV7Q-86C] - 1893(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 220, 1916; 2COCP 365, 1931; 1COCP 244, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer operator (Wyndham, 1917); farmer (Toodyay, 1925); radio engineer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943; Lismore, 1949-1954; Hunters Hill, 1958-1968); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1972)

===''MINEHAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Minehan|Minehan, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MINGAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mingay|Mingay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oswald Francis Mingay|Mingay, Oswald Francis &quot;Ossie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K45G-NZG] - 1895(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Turramurra, 1923-1926; Sydney, 1931-1933) -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; journalist; publisher; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Collaroy, 1930); managing editor (Pymble, 1930-1932); radio engineer (Lindfield, 1933-1934); publisher (Lindfield, 1937-1963; St Ives, 1963-1968) - Comment: licensed operator of 2WV Burgin Electric Co. (1923) - TroveTag: &quot;2XX - Oswald Francis Mingay&quot; - Links: [[w:Oswald Francis Mingay|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mingay-oswald-francis-ossie-11135 ADB]; [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Mingay.htm MacKinnon]

===''MINTO''===

* [[/Jack Carrick Minto|Minto, Jack or John Carrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW3-21W] - 1909(Thailand)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1594, 1935, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); manager (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MITCHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Theodore Mitchell|Mitchell, Alexander Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-CC2] - 1872(???)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Receive Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Red Hill, Qld, 1921; Torwood, Qld, 1922); electrical engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Wilston, Qld, 1928-1929; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1963)

* [[/Dudley McRae Mitchell|Mitchell, Dudley McRae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDX-6HD] - 1911(NSW)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 9DM Watut River, New Guinea (1938); 4NYN Labrador (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q559, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Tahmor, NSW, 1949); engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1949); clerk (Darra, Qld, 1963; Margate, Qld, 1963); plant operator (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1977)

* [[/Harold Benson Mitchell|Mitchell, Harold Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-QN7] - 1901(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3CZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Elwood, 1924-1927); manager (Caulfield, 1937); manufacturer (Caulfield, 1942); manager (Caulfield, 1949); merchant (St Kilda, 1949); manager (St Kilda, 1954)

* Mitchell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; - see Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; (frequent misspelling)

* [[/John Athol James Mitchell|Mitchell, John Athol James &quot;Athol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTHV-CY2] - 1913(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923); 2JA Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2JA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938); 2JA Albury (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1248, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937); manager (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Robert Stanley Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99W8-5H2] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AID Wagga Wagga (1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2011, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ronald James Mitchell|Mitchell, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV9-D28] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AGJ Sydney (Roseville, 1937-1939; Lindfield, 1946-1950); 4GQ Woombye (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1902, 1937, NSW; BOCP 238, 1939; COCP3 3562, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Camaray, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); farmer (Woombye, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Stanley John Mitchell|Mitchell, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-Q83] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Monaco) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 53, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toorak, 1912-1916; Brighton, 1919-1928); investor (Brighton, 1936-1937) financier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

* [[/William Thomas Seabrook Mitchell|Mitchell, William Thomas Seabrook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9J-XT7] - 1916(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3UM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2046, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Malvern East, Vic, 1937); soldier (Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''MOFFATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moffatt|Moffatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert David Gray Moffatt|Moffatt or Moffat or Gray, Robert David Gray &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8V-PM3] - 1911(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RD Mackay (1935-1939); 4RD Gracemere (1947-1948); 4RD Mackay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1549, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Herberton, Qld, 1936; Mackay, Qld, 1937); mechanic in broadcasting (Gracemere, Qld, 1949); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MOGINIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moginie|Moginie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Kuhler Moginie|Moginie, Campbell Kuhler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K7-NN4] - 1903(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 2CN Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934-1936; North Brighton, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1257, 1934, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Homebush, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1932); audit clerk  (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1933); clerk (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1935-1936; North Brighton, NSW, 1937); auditor (Bexley North, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949); accountant (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MONCUR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Phillip Moncur|Moncur, Leonard Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZL-M8N] - 1912(Vic)-1997(???) - Licences: 3LN Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 810, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''MONEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Dudley Money|Money, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JD-M9H] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3MY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1939; Upwey, 1946-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 205, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Camberwell, 1931-1934); engineer (Upwey, 1942-1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1967; East Bentleigh, 1972-1980)

===''MONKHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Isaac Monkhouse|Monkhouse, Walter Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8ZT-YPN] - 1887(NZL)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio clubs (QWI &amp; WIA Qld, president &amp; lecturer); senior state public servant (Qld Public Works Dept, State Electrical Engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as president WIA Qld)  - Electoral Rolls: telephone instructor (South Brisbane, 1919); engineer (Teneriffe, 1925; New Farm, 1928; Taringa, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Bardon, 1958-1963)
===''MONKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Brendan Monks|Monks, Alfred Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-444] - 1894(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AAB Melbourne (Diamond Creek, 1948; Northcote, 1954-1960; Preston, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 571, 1920; 2COCP 272, 1930; 1COCP 282, 1932 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1915) - Relationships: twin brother of 7BR Cyril Wilson Monks - Electoral Rolls: Western Electric engineer (East Sydney, 1930); licensee Railway Commercial Hotel (Albury, 1931-1932); radio telegraphist (Centennial Park, 1943); radio officer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, 1967-1972)
* [[/Cyril Wilson Monks|Monks, Cyril Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-96N] - 1894(Tas)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 7BR Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 225, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1919); WW2 - Relationships: twin brother of 3AAB Alfred Brendan Monks - Electoral Rolls: federal civil servant (Battery Point, 1928); public servant (Bellerive, 1936-1937); radio inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1943; Nedlands, 1949); retired (Frankston, 1972)
===''MONTEATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monteath|Monteath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Monteath|Monteath, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-C1X] - 1895(Vic)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 3VM Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1923-1924); 3KP Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 694, 1930, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Prahran, Vic, 1919; Elsternwick, Vic, 1921); mercer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); photographer (Glenmore, NSW, 1934-1935; Ashfield, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (Rockdale, NSW, 1943)

===''MONTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monty|Monty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Hector Urban Monty|Monty, Raymond Hector Urban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53F-BK9] - 1894(Italy)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XACC Sydney (Surry Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1st Signals Troop, 1914-1919, served Gallipoli); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1980)

===''MOODY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Percy Moody|Moody, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D9-KLG] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FM Cairns (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 967, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Rockhampton North, 1925-1926); accountant (Cairns, 1926-1949); radio dealer (Cairns, 1954-1980)
* [[/Gilbert Charles Moody|Moody, Gilbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF81-8QD] - 1914(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Spotswood, 1934-1939, 1947-1969); 4AK Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1306, 1934, Vic; BOCP, 1554, 1957; TVOCP 111, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: nil (Middle Park, Vic, 1936; Newport, Vic, 1937-1949); engineer (Newport, Vic, 1963-1968); broadcast officer (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MOORE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moore|Moore, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Ernest Moore|Moore, Albert Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KW6D-TMT] - 1916(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4VCM Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q728, 1980, Qld - amateur operator; prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer; clubs (All-Wave All-World DX Club; Shortwave League of Western Australia; Australian Radio DX Club; New Zealand Radio DX League; Southern Cross DX Club; DX Australia) - QSLs: portion (200+) of later QSL collection survives (ARDXC/NFSA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (New Farm, Qld, 1937-1968); trades assistant (New Farm, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Bruce Belgium Moore|Moore, Bruce Belgium or Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR67-J9T] - 1916(NSW)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 2ACN Bathurst (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1744, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous BMs - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1167098 VWM]

* [[/Edward Alfred Moore|Moore, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-7ZF] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2ABG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1523, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: poultry expert (Arncliffe, NSW, 1931-1933); radio technician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1934-1958) 

* [[/Eric Boughton Moore|Moore, Eric Boughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSK-T7X] - 1912(Vic)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 3QN Panton Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1957, 1937, Vic; COCP2 318, 1940; COCP1 342, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); officer in charge (DCA, Alstonville, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Dubbo, NSW, 1958-1968); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Coffs Harbour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric John Theodore Moore|Moore, Eric John Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD91-7LN] - 1894(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEM Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923); 2EM Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 161, 1915; 2COCP 237, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: UK merchant seaman medal - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bronte, 1934-1937)

* [[/Francis Leonard Moore|Moore, Francis Leonard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1924(NSW) - Licences: 2?? Sydney - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Archibald John Shaw, Maritime Wireless Co, United Distributors) - Comment: electrocuted while conducting wireless experiments

* [[/Grattan Leslie Moore|Moore, Grattan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZK-V1J] - 1916(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3ALJ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1935, 1954-1955; Malvern, 1956-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1453, 1935, Vic; COCP1 934, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); engineer (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963-1968; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972; Caulfield North, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Louis James Murphy Moore|Moore, Louis James Murphy &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L45W-GS4] - 1888(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3LO Receive Seymour (1923); 3LO Seymour (1924-1925); 3MS Seymour (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 85, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Clifton Hill, 1909); telegraphist (Collingwood, 1912-1914); wireless operator (Collingwood, 1917-1919); telegraphist (Elsternwick, 1922); clerk (Seymour, 1924-1931; Bentleigh, 1936-1949); guesthouse proprietor (Healesville, 1954); clerk (Oakleigh, 1963-1968) - Withdrawal: Likely 3LO callsign withdrawn for allocation to 3LO Melbourne Class A

* [[/Maxwell John Moore|Moore, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-S7J] - 1916(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2II Dubbo (1935-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1507, 1935, NSW; BOCP 63, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1954)

* [[/Milton Powell Moore|Moore, Milton Powell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTML-KJG] - 1915(WA)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2LI Sydney (Clovelly, 1938, 1947-1950); 2LI Darkes Forest (1954); 2LI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1961; La Perouse, 1965; Randwick, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2138, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Subiaco, WA, 1937); traveller (Randwick, NSW, 1949); ??? (Darkes Forest, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1958); teacher (La Perouse, NSW, 1963); technical teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1968); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William McInnes Moore|Moore, William McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4K-WXR] - 1911(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1935; Cremorne, 1936; Lindfield, 1937-1939); 2HZ Woollongong (1946); 2HZ Springwood (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 792, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foundry inspector (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936); Water Board Inspector (Gordon, NSW, 1937); engineer (Springwood, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Sibbald Moore|Moore, William Sibbald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDC-89C] - 1915(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1818, 1936, WA; COCP2 236, 1939; COCP1 431, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); draughtsman (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MOORHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Martin Moorhouse|Moorhouse or Moorehouse, Herbert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJPG-1HL] - 1899(Tas)-1990(WA) - Licences: 7HM Hobart (North Hobart, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart South, 1922); carpenter (New Town, 1928); carrier (Hobart North, 1936); motordriver (Queensborough, 1949)

===''MORAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moran|Moran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Donald Moran|Moran, Cyril Donald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast technician at 4QG under Qld Government; state public servant (4QG)

===''MORGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morgan|Morgan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Mowbray Morgan|Morgan, Donald Mowbray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP7-218] - 1907(NSW)-1988(Tas) - Licences: T749 Receive Glebe (1922); Receive Glebe (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Huonville, 1928-1972)

* [[/Ivor Morgan|Morgan, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRSY-S8G] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3DH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1933; Shepparton, 1937; East Malvern 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 605, 1930, Vic; BOCP 20, 1936; TVOCP, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936); broadcast engineer (3SR Shepparton, Vic, 1937); technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1943-1977) - Relationships: Father of 3ZFM Vincent Ivor Morgan

* [[/Reginald George Morgan|Morgan, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-D7H] - 1914(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6RM Perth (City, 1931); 2AJS Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939); 2ABM Sydney (Coogee, 1946-1950; Bankstown, 1954-1958; Greenacre, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 755, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1949);  electrical mechanic (Bankstown East, NSW, 1954); mechanic (Greenacre, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/William Albert Morgan|Morgan, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HVG-8PW] - 1899(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart West, 1922); electrical fitter (New Town, 1928-1937); fitter (New Town, 1943-1954); manager (Montrose, 1963)

===''MORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morley|Morley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry Morley|Morley Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXD-Z7X] - 1902(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Receive Watersleigh (1923); 2WU Watersleigh (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coogee, NSW, 1930); aviation engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1936); aircraft engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1949); company director (Randwick, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris|Morris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John William Morris|Morris, Albert John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-Y2J] - 1873(Tas)-1940(Tas) - Licences: 7BS Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Morris|Morris, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L84C-KPV] - 1876(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDS Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous AHMs - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1903); instrument fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1905-1909); mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1912-1916); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1919; Deepdene, Vic, 1922-1927; Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Cecil Ralph Newman Morris|Morris, Cecil Ralph Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MW-YGT] - 1906(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923); 4CN Brisbane (Rosalie, 1928); 4LW Brisbane (Rosalie, 1929-1933; Ashgrove, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 398, 1928, No. 45 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; technician (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Rosalie, 1928); postal mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1954); supervising technician (Rosalie, 1958-1968)

* [[/George William Morris|Morris, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V7-XWS] - 1911(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2VP Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1937; Naremburn, 1938); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1947; North Sydney, 1948-1950; Narrabeen North, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1291, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous GWMs - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1934); wireless service (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); bus driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; North Narrabeen, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Glynn Ian Elliott Morris|Morris, Glynn Ian Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XG-9TS] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1930-1939; Parkdale, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 621, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mordialloc, 1931-1937); mechanic (Mentone, 1943); official (Mentone, 1949-1968); secretary (Mentone, 1972-1980)

* [[/Jack Dudley Morris|Morris, Jack Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2R-NMZ] - 1914(Vic)-1944(At Sea) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933, pirate); 3DQ Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1244, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Major, mention in despatches) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Oakleigh, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/640516 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1509898 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Alexander Morris|Morris, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53X-F8D] - 1893(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAM Sydney (Haberfield, NSW, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance representative (North Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1937); insurance agent (Concord West, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/John Taylor Morris|Morris, John Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8C-9SP] - 1914(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6TX Perth (Mosman, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Subiaco, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2136, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Geraldton, WA, 1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles William Morris|Morris, Richard Charles William (BDM) or Charles Richard William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW7-56S] - 1922(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4MT Rockhampton (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3210, 1951, Qld; BOCP 1460, 1956 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, 1949); electrical fitter (Rockhampton, 1954-1963); radio technician/electrician (Rockhampton, 1968-1972); radio technician (Rockhampton, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald David Morris|Morris, Ronald David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX5W-S7Z] - 1904(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3AP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927); 3APM Melbourne (East Brighton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 151, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 919, 1926; BOCP 600, 1944 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, 1925-1931); radio (Brighton, 1936-1937); mechanic (Brighton, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949-1967; Brighton East, 1972-1977)

* [[/Sydney Paul Francis Morris|Morris, Sydney Paul Francis &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-MRP] - 1888(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prahran, Vic, 1909; Dandenong, 1912-1913); clerk &amp; telegraphist (Eltham, Vic, 1924); manager (East Bairnsdale, Vic, 1925-1928); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1931); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949)

* [[/William Belfort Morris|Morris, William Belfort]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X1-VYQ] - 1910(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6WM Perth (Hollywood, 1930-1937; Mt Lawley, 1938-1939); 6WM Kalgoorlie (1946-1954); 6WM Perth (Applecross, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 625, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hollywood, 1931-1937); newsagent (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954); representative (Applecross, 1958-1980)

* [[/William John Morris|Morris, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-917] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2378, 1938, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORRISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morrison|Morrison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Macdonald Morrison|Morrison, George Macdonald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52C-XR3] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2NZ Sydney (Mosman, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 741, 1922; COCP1 48, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1919; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); radio technician (Beam Station, Fiskville, Vic, 1942); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); supervisor (South Yarra, Vic, 1954); retired (Melbourne, Vic, 1963; Kings Cross, NSW, 1963; Brisbane, Qld, 1963; Spring Hill, Qld, 1972; Kings Cross, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon Cyril Tucker Morrison|Morrison, Gordon Cyril Tucker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-J6Z] - 1916(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6KN Geraldton (1935-1937); 6KN Perth (City, 1938-1939); 2AKN Sydney (Hernes Bay, 1947; Parramatta, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1935, WA; BOCP 89, 1937; 3COCP 1536, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geraldton, WA, 1937); radio employee (North Perth, WA, 1943); aircraft surveyor (Parramatta North, NSW, 1949; Balgowlah, NSW, 1954-1963); surveyor (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lionel Morrison|Morrison, Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDMZ-K6G] - 1906(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6LM Perth (Bayswater, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sandstone, WA, 1931); pipefitter (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1937); fitter (Wiluna, WA, 1943; Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''MORRIS-REES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alun Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Alun]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ73-FZB] - 1910(Wales)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2ACG Paxton (1937-1939); 2ACG Kingston (1948-1956); 2ACG Paxton (1960-1961); 2ACG Newcastle (Adamstown Heights, 1965-1975); 2ACG Sydney (Bondi, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1139, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1370, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1935); ambulance attendant (Paxton, NSW, 1937; Buladelah, NSW, 1937; Paxton, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1949-1954); public servant (Newcastle, NSW, 1958-1963); clerk (Adamstown Heights, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''MORRISSEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Brian Joseph Martindale Morrissey|Morrissey, Brian Joseph Martindale]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5AP Adelaide (Prospect, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1544, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''MORROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Caldwell Morrow|Morrow, Arthur Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQF-T2F] - 1912(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 335, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Red Hill, Qld, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1943); farmer (Paddington, Qld, 1949-1963)
===''MORSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Percy Morse|Morse, Noel Percy &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWRN-3QR] - 1914(Qld)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Cremorne, 1934-1935); 4LI Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937); 2AHS Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1402, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RNZAF, Pilot Officer) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Buranda, Qld, 1937; Clayfield, Qld, 1937) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=95585 RAF Commands]; [https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/war-memorial/online-cenotaph/record/C29996 Auckland Museum]; [http://aircrewremembered.com/morse-noel.html AirCrewRemembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MORTIMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mark Mortimer|Mortimer, Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7M-ZZ4] - 1887(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 107, 1915; 2COCP 48, 1929; 1COCP 89, 1930; BOCP 48, 1934?  - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917)  - Comment: numerous contemporaneous MMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morton|Morton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Evors Morton|Morton, Charles Evors]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ5-F3R] - 1888(Qld)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Homebush, 1925-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 170, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Applied AIF, rejected due deficient eyesight) - Electoral Rolls: selector (Hull River via Dunk Island, Qld, 1917-1925); public servant (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2MH - Charles Evors Morton&quot;

===''MOSES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alfred Joseph Moses|Moses, Charles Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6N1-YQC] - 1900(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - ABC (general manager) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Charles Moses|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/moses-sir-charles-joseph-15044 ADB]

===''MOSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moss|Moss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Myer Lee Moss|Moss, Alexander Myer Lee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZY-D3X] - 1911(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Clovelly, 1938-1939, 1946-1958; Rosebery, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1223, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound projectionist (Coogee, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1949); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1954; Mascot, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/George Arthur Moss|Moss, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-86Y] - 1903(WA)-2000(WA) - Licences: 6GM Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1926-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; Mt Pleasant, 1960-1965; Boya, 1969-1995+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 233, 1926, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 177, 1934; 1COCP 574, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: piano mechanic (Cottesloe Beach, 1925); wireless mechanic (North Perth, 1931-1958); lecturer (Mt Pleasant, 1963; Boya, 1968-1980) - [https://qsl.net/vk6zse/historic/p-vk6gm.html QSL.net]

* [[/Norman Pardew Moss|Moss, Norman Pardew or Pardeau]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYP-694] - 1896(NSW)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AEW Sydney (Concord West, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 211, 1939; COCP1 387, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1917, wireless operator naval transport at enlistment) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1937); radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Archerfield, Qld, 1949)

===''MOULD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mould|Mould, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Herbert Mould|Mould, Ronald Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-SXT] - 1921(Eng)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6FM Wyndham (1939, 1948); 6FM Perth (Mt Pleasant, 1954-1965; Waikiki, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2389, 1939, WA; COCP2 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954); DCA (Meekatharra, WA, 1958); communications (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1968); f.s.o. (Derby, WA, 1977); retired (Safety Bay, WA, 1980)

===''MOULE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Ernest Moule|Moule, Clifford Ernest &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-DFH] - 1912(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5CX Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1939; Plympton, 1946-1948; McLaren Vale, 1954; Lower Mitcham, 1955-1956; Westbourne Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 611, 1930, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1462, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Clarence Gardens, 1939-1941; Glandore West, 1943)

===''MOWLEM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mowlem|Mowlem, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Mowlem|Mowlem, Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9F-DHH] - 1878(???)-1950(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval employee (Toorak, 1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1925); engineer (Toorak, 1928); wireless (Malvern, 1931-1949)

===''MOYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moye|Moye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Samuel Moye|Moye, Alfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TX-B8S] - 1915(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2BW Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2BW Sydney (Marrickville, 1939); 2BW Wagga Wagga (1946-1958); 2BW Sydney (Potts Point, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1286, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice chemist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); chemist (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958); camera man (Cremorne, NSW, 1963)

===''MOYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moyle|Moyle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Murray Moyle|Moyle, John Murray &quot;Johnny&quot;, &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1H-LSG] - 1908(Vic)-1960(ACT) - Licences: 2JU Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939; CBD, 1946-1948; North Ryde, 1950-1958); 2AJU Sydney (Potts Point, 1946-1948; CBD, 1950-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 933, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1932+; Radio TV &amp; Hobbies, 1939-); education (Scotch College, 1923-1926), military (WW2, RAAF 1941-, Squadron Leader); broadcast (3DB, 1920s) - Callsign: 2JU previously Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); journalist (Ashfield, NSW, 1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198909.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198910.pdf EA2]

* [[/John Rex Moyle|Moyle, John Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XY-QM3] - 1903(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Batlow (1933); 2EZ Sydney (Killara, 1934); 3EZ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937); 2EZ Sydney (Gordon, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1950); 6EZ Safety Bay (1954-1960); 6EZ Embleton (1965-1969); 2OZ Sydney (Normanhurst, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1123, 1933, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 145, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Edgecliff, NSW, 1930); airman (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Safety Bay, WA, 1958; Embleton, WA, 1963-1968; East Perth, WA, 1972); retired (Normanhurst, NSW, 1977)

===''MUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mudie|Mudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Theodore Mudie|Mudie, Maxwell Theodore &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT81-HL4] - 1917(SA)-2012(NSW)95yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (MW + SW); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (100+) was donated to AMP by Max and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Uncle of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: prospector (Mt Alma, Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943); dairy hand (Wyong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Muir|Muir, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sibbald Allison Muir|Muir, John Sibbald Allison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRB3-1J6] - 1904(SA)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3QW Melbourne (Brighton, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 91, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; likely operator of 3NS dealer licence for Norris &amp; Skelly, Elizabeth St, Melbourne 1924 - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Brighton, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Malvern, 1928); wireless (Brighton, 1931); engineer (Brighton, 1935; Ringwood, 1936-1954); nil (Somers, 1963; Langwarrin, 1968-1977; Garfield, 1980)

* [[/Robert White Muir|Muir, Robert White]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K644-M2J] - 1904(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6RW Wagin (1933-1939); 6RW Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1184, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Albany, WA, 1925-1926); jeweller &amp; radio dealer (Wagin, WA, 1931); jeweller (Wagin, WA, 1936-1943); watchmaker (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MULLETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bertram James Mullett|Mullett, Bertram James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N19-B2N] - 1883(Eng)-1950(Vic) - Licences: XJX Melbourne (Upper Packenham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Migration: 1885 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gembrook South, Vic, 1909-1917); military clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1919-1922); public servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949)
* [[/Leslie Fred Mullett|Mullett, Leslie Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-BQD] - 1903(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5ZQ Adelaide (Highgate, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1065, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Highgate, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Barton, ACT, 1949)

===''MULLIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mulligan|Mulligan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Charles Mulligan|Mulligan, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2QS-X7W] - 1886(NZ)-1982(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 135, 1915; 2COCP 211, 1930; 1COCP 329, 1933 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917); wireless operator (Emita, Flinders Island, 1919-1928); OIC Radio Station (Darwin, 1934); radiologist (Ascot, 1936); OIC radio (Townsville, Qld, 1943); retired (Warrimoo, NSW, 1954-1958; Umina, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Henry Peter Anthony Mulligan|Mulligan, Henry Peter Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ7-X96] - 1919(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ABH Sydney (Kensington South, 1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1606, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUMFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mumford|Mumford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Glenorie Wallamba Mumford|Mumford, Glenorie Wallamba]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQG-WP6] - 1908(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ABX Girral (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1143, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 238, 1930; COCP1 288, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949; Orange, NSW, 1954); radio operator (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); radio officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1968); officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1980)

===''MUNRO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Munro|Munro, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Waugh Munro|Munro, Alexander Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-NXF] - 1908(Qld)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 2CX Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1933); 2ANV Wallsend (1947); 4JM Townsville (1954) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 336, 1931; COCP1 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Cairns, NSW, 1930); telegraphist (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless operator (Brampton Island, Qld, 1934); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1937); inspector (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio inspector (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958; Kingborough, Tas, 1963); retired (Southport, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Bruce Willson Munro|Munro, Bruce Willson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-CDJ] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4AL Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1927-1931; Bulimba, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 339, 1927, No. 35 in Qld; 2COCP 68, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; aeronautical experimenter; pilot; Qld Aero Club (Brisbane, honorary flying instructor, 1930s); Dept Civil Aviation (Brisbane, Assistant Plan Printer, 1956-1968) - Electoral Rolls: commercial pilot (Moorooka, 1943); flight checking officer (Townsville, 1943); pilot (West End, 1949-1963); commonwealth public servant (Wynnum, 1968-1972); retired (Wynnum, 1977-1980)

===''MURDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilmot Henry Murden|Murden, Wilmot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-7WC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7TY Launceston (1934-1937); 3TY Melbourne (West Preston, 1938-1939; Thornbury, 1947); 3TY Rapanyup (1948); 3TY Sale (1954-1955); 3TY Swan Hill (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1243, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1176, 1950; 1COCP 1610, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sale, 1954); radio engineer (3SH, Sale, 1963)
===''MURDOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murdoch|Murdoch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Fraser Murdoch|Murdoch, James Fraser &quot;Fraser&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GN6] - 1923(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Toowoomba (1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2383, 1939, Qld; COCP3 6415, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Empire Theater under Cliff Gold 4CG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); motor mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954); mechanic (Grange, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''MURFETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murfett|Murfett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Murfett|Murfett, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2Y9-GYY] - 1906(Vic)-1999(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NZ Terang (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1008, 1932, Vic; COCP2 421, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Terang, Vic, 1928-1937); clerk (Terang, Vic, 1943); carrier (Terang, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MURPHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murphy|Murphy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel Patrick Murphy|Murphy, Daniel Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-95V] - 1921(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2426, 1940, Vic; BOCP 490, 1943; COCP1 741, 1943 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/David James Murphy|Murphy, David James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVM-PLY] - 1912(Tas)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AHN Sydney (West Ryde, 1937, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1895, 1937, NSW; BOCP 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1980)

* [[/Harold James Murphy|Murphy, Harold James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD6Q-ZGP] - 1899(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Ilfracombe (1935-1937); 4HM Pomona (1938-1939); 4HM Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1532, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auchenflower, Qld, 1925; Milton, Qld, 1928); postal official (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1930); postmaster (Ilfracombe, Qld, 1936-1937); insurance agent (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943); postal official (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); public servant (Stafford, Qld, 1958)

===''MURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murray|Murray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Basil Wentworth Lathrop Murray|Murray, Basil Wentworth Lathrop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-PM8] - 1875(Vic)-1925(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager &amp; director Westralian Farmers Ltd; primary driver in establishment of 6WF Perth before his untimely death - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1903); insurance manager (West Perth, WA, 1910-1925); - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/murray-basil-lathrop-23136 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Frederick Alexander Murray|Murray, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-SZ7] - 1907(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2FM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1927; Mosman, 1928-1935; Cremorne, 1936-1939; Mosman, 1946-1947; Lindfield, 1948-1949; Carramar, 1950-1975); 2FM Blayney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 336, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1933); fitter (Mosman, NSW, 1934); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1949); draughtsman (Carramar, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Blayney, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John William Murray|Murray, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-32L] - 1905(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3JY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1930; Fitzroy, 1931-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Kew, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 396, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Elsternwick, 1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1934; Melbourne East, 1936); technician (St Kilda West, 1943-1949); projectionist (Kew, 1954-1980) - Comment: several contemporaneous John William Murray's in Melbourne, identification not certain

* [[/Kynaston Noel Lathrop Murray|Murray, Kynaston Noel Lathrop]] - 1838(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - clubs and societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, 1880s; Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, 1860s-1870s; Vic Railways Dept, 1880s-1890s)

* [[/Malcolm Imlay Murray|Murray, Malcolm Imlay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-684] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6MY Perth (City, 1930; South Perth, 1933-1939; Floreat Park, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 677, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Perth, 1931); radiotrician (South Perth, 1936; Floreat Park, 1943-1980)

* [[/Roy Thomas Murray|Murray, Roy Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5C1] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 24, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; draftsman &amp; wireless operator at enlistment 1916; WW1 (59th squadron AFC, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1916-1919); wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933; Meadowbank, NSW, 1935; Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); radio operator (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''MUSGRAVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrave|Musgrave, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Musgrave|Musgrave, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSP-H17] - 1917(NSW)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2NF Werris Creek (1934-1936); 2NF Sydney (Petersham, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1313, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/john-musgrave NSW War Memorial] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MUSGROVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrove|Musgrove, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Mandeville D'Oyly Musgrove|Musgrove, Mandeville D'Oyly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCWY-HZ4] - 1872(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast station proprietor (6ML &amp; others) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Claremont, WA, 1910-1936); manager (Palm Beach, WA, 1943) - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Stations/6ML_Perth|Wikibooks]]

===''MUSSO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musso|Musso, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Albert Maria Bellotti Musso|Musso, Louis Albert Maria Bellotti]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1G-PMQ] - 1913(NSW)-2003(NSW)90yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2203, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Penshurst, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MUSTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mustard|Mustard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Andrew Mustard|Mustard or Mustar, Ernest Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NJ5-2VZ] - 1893(Vic)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XJEJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Anzac Signals Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1919; Korumburra, Vic, 1919); RAAF (Point Cook, Laverton, Vic, 1924); aviator (Parkville, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutter|Mutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Mutter|Mutter, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZN-2QQ] - 1909(Sct)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (North Sydney, 1933); 2AJY Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1934)

===''MUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutton|Mutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Angus Keith Mutton|Mutton, Angus Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5F-BQM] - 1910(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5ZY Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1933; Tusmore, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1089, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Tusmore Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Mutton|Mutton, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC1Y-PP5] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2QT Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923-1925); 2QT Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 237, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Annandale, NSW, 1930-1937); communication engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1968); public servant (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Myers|Myers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Geoffrey Myers|Myers, John Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZW-XR5] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1936-1938); 2UA Sydney (Dee Why, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); company officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1954; Fairlight, 1958); sales manager (Dee Why, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Narraweena, NSW, 1977)

=='''N'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''NAIRN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Linley Beeton Nairn|Nairn, Arthur Linley Beeton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58V-M8X] - 1895(SA)-1978(NZ) - Licences: 2BI Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 373, 1918 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Hamilton, NZ, 1938); director (Days Bay, Wellington, NZ, 1946-1954)
===''NANCARROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ralph Stanley Nancarrow|Nancarrow, Ralph Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST3-XQ3] - 1904(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5PK Georgetown (1930-1933); 2PY Sydney (Mosman, 1935; Randwick, 1936-1939); 2ACN Sydney (Lane Cove, 1954-1961; North Ryde, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 719, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1963); fitter (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NANGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Nangle|Nangle, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-F31] - 1869(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MU Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2MU Sydney (Marrickville, 1923-1927; Observatory, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1920s Superintendent Technical Education NSW; hon. Government Astronomer NSW; Sydney University (Senate); Royal Society of NSW (president); Fellow Royal Astronomical Society; Fellow Federal Institute of Architects; author (astronomy, architecture) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Petersham, 1903); Government Astronomer (Observatory, 1930-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2MU - James Nangle&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nangle-james-7722 ADB]

===''NARROWAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Horace Narroway|Narroway, Frank Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF54-YF9] - 1899(Eng)-1965(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - council member WIA WA 1920s; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, WA, 1925-1931); insurance official (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1963);

===''NASH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nash|Nash, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Charles Nash|Nash, William Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDWX-LWF] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2WW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1934-1937); 4WN Cairns (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1329, 1934, Qld; 1COCP 138, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''NAVEAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Naveau|Naveau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Naveau|Naveau, Benjamin]] - 1936(ACT)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1883, 1960; TVOCP 450, 1962 - radio mechanic - Relationships: Son of Jabez William John Naveau - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jabez William John Naveau|Naveau, Jabez William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLZ-2JG] - 1903(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1074, 1932, NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of Benjamin Naveau - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Causeway, ACT, 1930); electrician (Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1943); shift electrician (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1963); no occupation (Ulladulla, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Ulladulla, NSW, 1972; Old Toongabbie, NSW, 1980)

===''NEALE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Drayton Neale|Neale, Eric Drayton Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88H-NWT] - 1907(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4EN Longreach (1934-1939); 4EN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1298, 1934, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist), radio club (WIAQ, QSL officer) - Relationships: father of 4?? Eric Drayton Neale Jnr - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1928; Longreach, 1936; Grange, 1937; Wooloowin, 1943-1963)

===''NEAVERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie Laurence Neaverson|Neaverson, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTM-HCD] - 1899(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: G5NX (Lakeside, Cumbria, 1922+); 4NV Brisbane (Holland Park, 1947-1956+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; associate member IRE (Britain); principal Anglo Austral Hearing Aid Dispensary - Electoral Rolls: surgical technician (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''NELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nell|Nell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Montague Nell|Nell, George Alfred Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87B-PP6] - 1900(Ceylon)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JQ Quirindi (1928-1929); 2JQ Canberra (1930); 2JQ Moruya (1931-1936); 2JQ Binda (1937-1939); 2JQ Crookwell (1946-1950); 2JQ Junee (1954-1965); 2JQ Goulburn (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 413, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Moruya, NSW, 1930-1934; Crookwell, NSW, 1936-1949; Junee, NSW, 1954-1968; Goulburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NELSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nelson|Nelson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Rupert Clifford Nelson|Nelson, Charles Rupert Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVDT-X22] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1960; Royal Park, 1965-1969); 3WC Bendigo (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2171, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Mental Hospital, Wendouree, Vic, 1931-1934; Mental Hospital, Ararat, Vic, 1936-1943); public servant (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); male nurse (Receiving House, Parkville, Vic, 1968); retired (White Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Yeates Nelson|Nelson, John Yeates]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G884-YDV] - 1851(Irl)-1932(NSW) - Licences: XAA Sydney (McMahon's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer (NSW)) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milson's Point, 1930-1931)

* [[/Samuel Simeon Nelson|Nelson, Samuel Simeon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JS-XRG] - 1908(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2SN Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937; Canterbury, 1938; Dulwich Hill, 1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1332, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KH William Peter Nelson - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lewisham, NSW, 1934); meter reader (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/William Peter Nelson|Nelson, William Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP9-WQS] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2KH Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1961; Taren Point, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1583, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2SN Samuel Simeon Nelson - Electoral Rolls: meter reader (Kensington, NSW, 1930; Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Taren Point, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NESTROM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nestrom|Nestrom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Louis Nestrom|Nestrom, Oliver Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-9H4] - 1912(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5RZ Adelaide (St Peters, 1936-1937; Joslin, 1938); 2ADJ Sydney (Homebush, 1939); 5RZ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1947; Glenelg, 1948; St Georges, 1954); 5RZ Port Augusta, 1955-1956); 5RZ Adelaide (Kurralta Park, 1960; Manningham, 1965-1969; St Peters, 1975); 5RZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP, 224, 1935; AOCP 1725, 1936, SA; BOCP 719, 1946; 2COCP 1178, 1949; 1COCP 1491, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Modbury, SA, 1939); fitter (Strathfield, NSW, 1943)

===''NETTLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nettleton|Nettleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Arthur Nettleton|Nettleton, Maurice Arthur ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9R-Y9M] - 1905(Wales)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 806, 1931, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 359, 1941  - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kew, Vic, 1926-1931); radio engineer (Emerald, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (West Ryde, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Dunkeld, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Dunkeld, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''NEVILLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Clifford Anderson Neville|Neville, Alfred Clifford Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH3-Z4D] - 1907(Eng)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ED Receive Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 5827, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hamilton, Qld, 1928); clerk (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1943); accountant (Hawthorne, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (East Brisbane, 1963-1980)

===''NEWBERRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald Mallord Newberry|Newberry, Archibald Mallord]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH51-SDW] - 1893(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AN Red Cliffs (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 606, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Red Cliffs, 1924-1931); radio dealer (Red Cliffs, 1934-1942); cycle dealer (Red Cliffs, 1949-1972)

===''NEWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert James Newell|Newell, Albert James &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1C-RGW] - 1910(Sct)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Mill Hill via Warwick (1936-1939); 4BN Brisbane (Archerfield, 1947-1948; Moorooka, 1954); 4AJ Brisbane (Moorooka, 1965; Yeronga, 1969; Ormiston, 1975); 4AJN Brisbane (Ormiston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1727, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 559, 1942; 1COCP 588, 1942; TVOCP 531, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA Aviation Radio Service - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Mill Hill, Qld, 1931-1943); radio technician (Moorooka, Qld, 1949-1968); television technician (Yeronga West, Qld, 1972); retired (Ormiston, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''NEWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newman|Newman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Newman|Newman, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJ9-YSK] - 1881(India)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 10, 1914; CPRT 90, 1915; 1COCP 49, 1930 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant, 1917-1920, terminated Nov 1920); WW1; WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AFNs - Electoral Rolls: traffic officer (Elsternwick, 1917-1919); assistant! (Malvern East, 1924-1931); piano tuner (St Kilda, 1931)

* [[/Sydney Moreton Newman|Newman, Sydney Moreton &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL41-PBM] - 1898(NSW)-1998(NSW)99yo - Licences: XPZ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914); 3MC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 655, 1921; 1COCP 90, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Turramurra, 1930-1958); retired (Wahroonga, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XPZ-3MC - Sydney Moreton Newman&quot; (68 tags) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199101.pdf EA]

* [[/William Harold Newman|Newman, William Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-4N5] - 1889(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2MK? Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922); 2MJ Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Railway Section, Lieut Hon. Major, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, Brigadier, CMF, died of illness) - Electoral Rolls: railway official (Artarmon, 1930-1934); secretary (Mosman, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285536 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682234 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''NEWPORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newport|Newport, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Ivan Newport|Newport, Thomas Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-RY9] - 1901(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946-1965; Freemans Reach, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1591, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Freemans Reach, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NEWTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newton|Newton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Newton|Newton, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-RBG] - 1921(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1960; Park Orchards, 1965-1975); 3DN Athlone (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2356, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1949-1954; Park Orchards, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Athlone, Vic, 1980)

===''NICHOLAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Rupert Nicholas|Nicholas, William Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD14-RFV] - 1913(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7WR Hobart (North Hobart, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 896, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 72, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart North, 1936; New Town, 1943-1954)
===''NICHOLLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Hartley Nicholls|Nicholls, Alan Hartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQR-VH9] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6KE Corrigin (1936-1937); 3NI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938-1939); 2NI Sydney (Manly, 1946; Cremorne, 1947-1954; Manly, 1955-1956); 2ANI Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1965); 4AL Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1965); 4NI Cairns (1975); 6NX Perth (South Guildford, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1814, 1936, WA; BOCP 219, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1949); shopkeeper (Wilston, Qld, 1958); electronic engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1963); engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1972-1977; South Guildford, WA, 1980)
* [[/Francis Edgar Nicholls|Nicholls, Francis Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1H-8KQ] - 1910(Vic)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7RY Devonport (1932-1933); 7RY Burnie (1937-1939); 7RY Hobart (New Town, 1946-1948; Lenah Valley, 1954-1955; New Town, 1960; Lenah Valley, 1965-1969; Midway Point, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 991, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Lenah Valley, 1943-1954)
* [[/William James Nicholls|Nicholls, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S3-26D] - 19??(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 780, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1963)
* [[/William John Matthew Nicholls|Nicholls, William John Matthew or William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WW-PDS] - 1908(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1928-1933); 7WX Launceston (1937-1939); 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1946-1965; East Malvern, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 419, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 343, 1931; 1COCP 309, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Williamstown, 1931-1936); RAAF (Williamstown, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, 1954-1963; Malvern East, 1968-1980)
* [[/William Vernon Nicholls|Nicholls, William Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ7S-B6T] - 1894(SA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJU Korumburra (1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Caulfield, Vic, 1919); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''NICHOLSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicholson|Nicholson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. G. Nicholson|Nicholson, H. G. &quot;Nick&quot;]] - 19??(USA?)-19??(USA?) - Licences: 4HN Port Moresby, Papua (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely USA) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; briefly operator of broadcast station PK6XX - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified) - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan090823.html Wavescan]

* [[/Keith Graham Nicholson|Nicholson, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHC-24W] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6DE Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (West Perth, WA, 1931); university student (West Perth, WA, 1949); solicitor (West Perth, WA, 1954; Cottesloe, WA, 1958; Perth, WA, 1963; West Perth, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Russell Malcolm Nicholson|Nicholson, Russell Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-7W4] - 1909(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 4KG Ilfracombe (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 529, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 48, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shearing contractor (Longreach, 1936); manager 4LG (Longreach, 1937); radio mechanic (Coolangatta, 1949-1972)

===''NICKSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nickson|Nickson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Francis Bennie Nickson|Nickson, Arthur Francis Bennie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-BZ6] - 1915(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3NB Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; Camberwell, 1947); 3LW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1955); 3NB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1956-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1711, 1936, Vic; AOCP1 39, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: physicist (Malvern, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1967)

===''NICOLL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicoll|Nicoll, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Nicoll|Nicoll, William]] - 1903(Canada)-19??(???) - Licences: 4CO Receive Brisbane (Upper Paddington, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 644, 1921 - amateur Receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bardon, 1925-1929)

===''NICOLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicolle|Nicolle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Hort Wilmot Nicolle|Nicolle, Horace Hort Wilmot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZS-MZF] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Strathfield, 1929-1933; Ryde, 1934); 2AJT Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Wollstonecraft, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 527, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist apprentice (Strathfield, NSW, 1930); pharmacist (Strathfield, NSW, 1933-1935); chemist (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''NIGHTINGALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Victor Charles John Nightingall|Nightingall, Victor Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXN-9SJ] - 1880(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: XKK Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1909-1919); tramway employee (Heidelberg, Vic, 1925-1943)

===''NILSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nilsen|Nilsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver John Nilsen|Nilsen, Oliver John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W4-W1G] - 1884(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3UZ Melbourne (1924-25) - Qualifications: Nil identified to date - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - 3UZ experimental callsign issued to Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co in 1923, operator N. J. Boyd; callsign withdrawn 1925 and reallocated to Nilsen's broadcast station which remains current as at 2021 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Fitzroy, 1909-1924; Chelsea, 1928-1931); contractor (Caulfield, 1934-1954); engineer (Elsternwick, 1972; Hawthorn, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nilsen-oliver-john-11244 ADB]

===''NIND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nind|Nind, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William George Nind|Nind, John William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1S-L35] - 1907(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JN Perth (Kalamunda, 1947-1948; Bayswater, 1954-1955; Morley Park, 1956; Swan View, 1960-1965; Greenmount, 1969; Darlington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2436, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1943); clerk (Kalamunda, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954); technician (Morley Park, WA, 1958; Swan View, WA, 1963; Greenmount, WA, 1968); retired (Darlington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''NISSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nissen|Nissen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Laurence Nissen|Nissen, Eric Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-ZLR] - 1905(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4XN Dalby (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 4XN Toowoomba (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 574, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, member); broadcast technician (4QS, 1939-1976); federal public servant (PMGD); Awards: Imperial Service Medal 1976 - Electoral Rolls: none specified (Dalby, 1928-1937); PMG technician (Dalby, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1977)

===''NIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Niven|Niven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Curteis Niven|Niven, John Curteis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNH-JQC] - 1919(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939); 2AON Sydney (Strathfield, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1772, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Homebush, NSW, 1972; Enfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''NIXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nixon|Nixon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edgar Nixon|Nixon, Arthur Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M2-SM5] - 1905(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Receive Melbourne (Windsor, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 361, 1927, Vic - amateur receiver; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); salesman (St Kilda West, Vic, 1931-1936); electrical fitter (Albert Park, Vic, 1943-1954)

===''NOLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolan|Nolan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Nolan|Nolan, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q3R-X84] - 1910(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1935-1937; Clayfield, 1938-1939; Stafford Heights, 1946-1948); 4MF Portable (1948); 9FN Port Moresby &amp; 9MF Portable (1954-1956); 4FN/T Gracemere (1960-1969); 4FN/T Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1975; Virginia, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1433, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, WIAQ); broadcast technician (9PA, 4RK); radio serviceman; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Francis William Nolan|Nolan, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-XPW] - 1897(NSW)-19?? - Licences: 4JU Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1929-1939, 1947-1956; Paddington, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43? &amp; 501, 1924 &amp; 1929, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio serviceman - Relationships: husband of 4LO Violet Elizabeth Nolan nee Hennessey - Comment: several genealogy sites have wrong data for FWN - Electoral Rolls: cartoonist (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1925);  radio mechanic (Brisbane, City, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1958)

* [[/Gordon Raymond Nolan|Nolan, Gordon Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-R8F] - 1919(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Crows Nest, 1939); 2AIZ Goulburn (1946-1954); 2AFO Sydney (Rydalmere, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2067, 1938, NSW; BOCP 307, 1940; AOCP1 36, 1946; TVOCP 363, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Pools Hill, Albury, NSW, 1943; Goulburn, NSW, 1949-1954); accountant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1958-1963; Ermington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Spencer Nolan|Nolan, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-KMV] - 1868(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XED Sydney (Double Bay, 1911-1914); 2JH Receive Sydney (Double Bay, 1922); 2JH Sydney (Double Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster; dentist and dental surgeon - Relationships: Father of 2YI Philip Spencer Nolan - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Woollahra, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;XED-2JH - John Spencer Nolan&quot;

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-DSX] - 1896(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld - Relationships: wife of 4JU Francis William Nolan - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1943); not stated (Eagle Heights, Qld, 1949); home duties (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1954); domestic (Spring Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Coolangatta, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Philip Spencer Nolan|Nolan, Philip Spencer &quot;Spencer,&quot; &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-ZWX] - 1897(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Double Bay, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 58, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; dentist - Relationships: Son of XED-2JH Lieut John Spencer Nolan - Comment: gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2YI - Philip Spencer Nolan&quot;

===''NOLTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolte|Nolte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Nolte|Nolte, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HG-DD4] - 1911(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3NO Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939); 2QO Sydney (Potts Point, 1948-1950; Bexley North, 1954-1975); 2QO Wamberal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 492, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 83, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1949; Bexley North, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Wamberal, NSW, 1980)

===''NORGATE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norgate|Norgate, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Norgate|Norgate, Albert William &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSN-4N1] - 1915(Vic)-2014(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3QT Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1946, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Williamstown, Vic, 1937-1980)

===''NORMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norman|Norman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Allan Norman|Norman, Douglas Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7RR-14T] - 1919(Eng)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3UC Melbourne (Preston, 1947-1948; East Camberwell, 1954-1960; Canterbury, 1965-1969; Box Hill North, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2178, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; ) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); architect (Preston, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980) 

* [[/William James Norman|Norman, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Q-ZRS] - 1899(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WJ Eddystone Point Lighthouse (1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: stoker (Longford, 1922); lightkeeper (Tasman Island, 1928; Eddystone Lighthouse, 1934; Maatauyker Island, 1936; Currie Harbour, King Island, 1937)

===''NORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norris|Norris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Anthony David Norris|Norris, Anthony David &quot;Tony&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Edgar Lewin Norris|Norris, Edgar Lewin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YH-3D4] - 1891(Qld)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Receive Toowoomba (1922); 4CK Toowoomba (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 80, 1925, No. 8 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Toowoomba RC); WW1 - Relationships: father of 4NO Edgar Thomas Norris - TroveTag: &quot;4CK - Edgar Lewin Norris&quot; - Electoral Rolls: optician (Rockhampton, 1913); optometrist (Wooloowin, 1919; Toowoomba, 1925-1954)

* [[/Edgar Thomas Norris|Norris, Edgar Thomas &quot;Tom&quot; &quot;Tommy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G855-G68] - 1930(Qld)-2019(Qld) - Licences: 4NO Toowoomba (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6945, 1967; AOLCP Q2, 1968; AOCP Q13, 1968, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4CK Edgar Lewin Norris - Electoral Rolls: charge hand (Toowoomba, 1954-1980)

===''NORTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert North|North, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William North|North, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZR-K5J] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABN Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1947; Concord West, 1948; Carlingford, 1950-1961; Dundas, 1965; Bexley, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 850, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); warehouse manager (Cremorne, NSW, 1943)

===''NORTHEAST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Northeast|Northeast, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Harry Northeast|Northeast, Laurence Harry &quot;Laurie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLM3-8NK] - 1908(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5LH Adelaide (Rosewater, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 315, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosewater, 1939-43)

===''NORVILLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norville|Norville, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Norville|Norville, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VP3] - 1902(SA)-1986(Netherlands) - Licences: 2WC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father &amp; a son both CHNs - Electoral Rolls: tester (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); radio engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1937); manufacturing engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1943)

===''NOTTAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottage|Nottage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Raymond Nottage|Nottage, William Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJW-969] - 1917(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MI Adelaide (Croydon, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Seacombe Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2243, 1938, SA; BOCP 706, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Croydon, SA, 1943)

===''NOTTINGHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottingham|Nottingham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Alfred James Nottingham|Nottingham, Herbert Alfred James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97H2-G1C] - 1902(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2HN Sydney (North Ryde, 1931-1939, 1946-1975 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 300, 1930; COCP1 168, 1931; AOLCP 36, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (North Ryde, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless engineer (North Ryde, NSW, 1934-1977)

===''NOURSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nourse|Nourse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Dudley Nourse|Nourse, John Charles Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3SY-1SB] - 1911(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Broken Hill (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 927, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1932-1968)

* [[/Brant Charles Addison Nourse|Nourse, Brant Charles Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WC-2WP] - 1919(NSW)-2013(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1223, 1951 -  - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Strathfield, NSW, 1943); labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1954); engineer (4LG Cramsie, NSW, 1963)

===''NUGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nugent|Nugent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent John Nugent|Nugent, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR5D-CC7] - 1920(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ALZ Sydney (Bexley, 1938-1939, 1948-1954); 2ALZ Tumut (1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2244, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1943); PMG Mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1949); PMG technician (Tumut, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Tumut, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NUNN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nunn|Nunn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Scovell Nunn|Nunn, Maxwell Scovell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGY-RYV] - 1906(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2NE Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1934; Waverley, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1937; Crows Nest, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1234, 1933, NSW; BOCP 561, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); sound engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''NUTLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutley|Nutley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dick Oswald Nutley|Nutley, Dick Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57V-MFM] - 1907(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 204, 1935; AOCP 2048, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Little Nymboida, NSW, 1930); radio apprentice (Sandgate, NSW, 1934-1935); millhand (Pilliga, NSW, 1943); timber worker (Grafton, NSW, 1949)

===''NUTMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutman|Nutman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Taylor Nutman|Nutman, James Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-3D4] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939; Hunters Hill, 1946-1947); 2AVN Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1585, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: survey draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); draftsman (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949); ?? (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954); clerk (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1968; Castle Cove, NSW, 1972); retired (Hlsvle, NSW, 1977-1980; Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''NUTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutt|Nutt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth William Nutt|Nutt, Kenneth William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GZ9] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4XD Townsville (1939, 1947-1954); 2ND Goulburn (1955); 4XD Cairns (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2364, 1939, Qld; COCP2 328, 1940; COCP1 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1954; Earlville, Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nye|Nye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Louis Nye|Nye, Walter Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNN-ZXC] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Brunswick West, 1947); 2XU Sydney (Cammeray, 1947; Haberfield, 1948-1950; Guildford, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1956; Naremburn, 1957-1965; Stanwell Park, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1691, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); produce merchant (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); accountant (Crows Nest, NSW, 1958-1963)

=='''O'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
==='''OAKES'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Andrew Oakes|Oakes, Walter Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-RBQ] - 1907(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 7BQ Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923); Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP N1088, 1971 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Manly, 1930); electrical fitter (Launceston, 1937); railway employee (New Town, 1943-1949); electrician (Lindfield, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, 1958); managing director (Roseville, 1963-1968); director (Roseville, 1972-1980)

==='''O'BRIEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Brien|O'Brien, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alonzo John O'Brien|O'Brien, Alonzo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYVS-K9T] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3FS Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1936-1939; Thornbury, 1947-1954; Lower Plenty, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1779, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: boot operative (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1936); boot trade (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937); bootmaker (Thornbury, Vic, 1949-1954); shoe maker (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Clare O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTS-7SJ] - 1904(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4NC Brisbane (Stafford, 1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2386, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kilcoy, 1928); telephone mechanic (Eagle Junction, 1936-1943); technician (Stafford, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Charles Raymond Heddington O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Raymond Heddington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-4CX] - 1913(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3QX Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 626, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1934-1936); electrical engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1954; Mount Waverley, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Matthew O'Brien|O'Brien, Matthew or Matthew Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-P35] - 1904(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4MM Brisbane (Toowong, 1926-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 234, 1926, No. 20 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, ARTL, WIAQ, president all); journalist (Teleradio, &quot;Vic Eddy&quot;); Dept Labour Exchange (administration) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Toowong, 1925-1936; Annerley, 1943-1977)

* [[/Norman Bruce O'Brien|O'Brien, Norman Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY7H-VPR] - 1912(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2OH Sydney (Coogee, 1932-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939); 2AZH Sydney (Randwick, 1948; Jannali, 1954-1975; Menai, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1072, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949); public servant (Jannali, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Blaxland, NSW, 1977; Menai, NSW, 1980)

==='''O'CONNOR'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Connor|O'Connor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Patrick O'Connor|O'Connor, Bernard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFVX-NDC] - 1918(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 9BP Lae, New Guinea (1948); 9BP Port Moresby, Papua (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2191, 1938, Qld; COCP2 1264, 1953; COCP1 1689, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician's labourer (Rosalie, Qld, 1943); technician (Shorncliff, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/John O'Connor|O'Connor, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-2V5] - 1916(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3OD Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1117, 1933, Vic; COCP2 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JOs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''O'DEA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dea|O'Dea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dea|O'Dea, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTP-7KL] - 1894(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AWS) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, 1912-1913; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1937); railways (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); railway employee (Footscray North, Vic, 1963-1977) - Links: [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911842/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-francis-patrick-odea/ AWS]

* [[/Jack Norman O'Dea|O'Dea, Jack Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4X-VXN] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Sydney (Kensington South, 1931-1936); 2FS Sydney (Summer Hill, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 798, 1931, NSW; AOLCP 229, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1935-1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1949-1980)

==='''ODGERS'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Fieldhouse Odgers|Odgers, Norman Fieldhouse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-CYK] - 1906(Qld)-1996(WA) - Licences: 4BO or 4BD Brisbane (Newmarket) &amp; Charters Towers (1924-1925); 4NK; 9NK Port Moresby (1946-1948); 6NF Perth (Applecross, 1954-1969; Bassendean, 1975-1980); 4CH - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 896, 1925; 2COCP 212, 1930; 1COCP 108, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; broadcast engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: senior technician (Applecross, 1954-1963); manager (Applecross, 1968); retired (Bassandean, 1972-1980)

==='''O'DONNELL'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Amos Leslie O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Amos Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NW-Q1P] - 1910(SA)-19??(NSW) - Licences: 6DX Perth (City, 1930-1933); 2AGE Sydney (Ashfield, 1938-1939); 2AOO Sydney (Caringbah, 1960; Mona Vale, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 639, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 515, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); education officer (No. 2 W.A.G.S., Parkes, NSW, 1943); engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Alfred O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Francis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-SH4] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3ZU Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 3ZU Warrnambool (1947-1948); 3ZU Euroa (1954); 3ZU Yarrawonga (1955-1965); 2BFD Griffith (1969); 2QC Dalmeny (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2000, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1937); mechanic (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942); technician (Warrnambool, Vic, 1949); telephone technician (Euroa, Vic, 1954); technician (Yarrawonga, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Dalmeny, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Myles O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Thomas Myles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2TN-XR9] - 1913(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OD Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Wahroonga, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 855, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: MBE (1979) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1934-1943); technical officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1980) - Links: [[w:1979_Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours_(Australia)|Wikipedia MBE]

==='''O'DWYER'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-XGD] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3OF Melbourne (Middle Park, 1932-1933; Gardenvale, 1937-1939; Hampton, 1947-1980+); 3AOF Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 880, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931-1936); manufacturer (Gardenvale, Vic, 1937); clothing manufacturer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Hampton, Vic, 1949-1968); manufacturer (Hampton, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''OFFEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Offen|Offen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ewart Gladstone Offen|Offen, Ewart Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZR3-NSW] - 1894(Vic)-1915(Vic) - Licences: XJDH Melbourne (Middle Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''OGLE'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ogle|Ogle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Victor Ogle|Ogle, George Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-LNX] - 1915(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1798, 1936, Vic; COCP2 604, 1942 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); designer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''O'HARA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Hara|O'Hara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Bernard O'Hara|O'Hara, John Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XM-Y9M] - 1902(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3OH Maryborough (1930-1939); 3OH Yallourn (1946-1948); 3AAO Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 607, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1924); instructor (Maryborough, Vic, 1928); teacher (Kew, Vic, 1934; Maryborough, Vic, 1937; Ballarat, Vic, 1937; Maryborough, Vic, 1943; Warrnambool, Vic, 1954; Maldon, Vic, 1963; Kyneton, Vic, 1967)

==='''OHRBOM'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Axel Ragnar Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Axel Ragnar &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-PWJ] - 1903(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3OC Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1928; Coburg, 1931-1939; Moreland, 1946-1948; Hartwell, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 421, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Coburg West, Vic, 1949); sharebroker (Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1977); retired (Burwood, Vic, 1977)

===''OLDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olof Lemuel Olden|Olden, Olof Lemuel]] - 1863(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Hobart 1920s, early wireless experimenter, no licence yet identified, amateur operator (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, President, 1924), military (Colonel, WW1), occupation (school master)
===''OLDFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Bernam Oldfield|Oldfield, Frederick Bernam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YP-9R2] - 1897(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (1924); 3FB Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1938); 2FE Sydney (Balmoral, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1240, 1934, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Brighton, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1935-1937); journalist (Mosman, NSW, 1943); A.M.F. (Mornington, 1954); tutor (Neutral Bay, 1958)
===''OLDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oldham|Oldham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Oldham|Oldham, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZFK-XBT] - 1902(Tas)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 7XA Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1923, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1936-1949) 

* [[/Fred Oldham|Oldham, Fred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, first president of Hobart Tramways Wireless Club 1905

===''OLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olds|Olds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Clarence Maxton Olds|Olds, Edgar Clarence Maxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFT6-93D] - 1913(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Broken Hill (1936-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1841, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1934-1943); mine worker (Broken Hill North, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1954); wireman (Broken Hill, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''O'LEARY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Leary|O'Leary, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher George Benjamin O'Leary|O'Leary, Christopher George Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-2QM] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AJP Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2BON Dubbo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2091, 1938, NSW; COCP2 417, 1941; COCP1 672, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); inspector (Kiama, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1954-1963); radio officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1968); radio staff (Dubbo, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Daniel Fraser O'Leary|O'Leary, Cornelius Daniel Fraser or Daniel Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN18-4BH] - 1893(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (Tusmore Gardens, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 495, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Unley, 1939-1941)

===''OLIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oliver|Oliver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dalley George Tryon Oliver|Oliver, Dalley George Tryon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-MMR] - 1888(NSW)-1959(NSW) - wireless experimenter (1924+) 2?? Gunedah, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1943; Keepit Dam, Tamworth, 1949-1954); retired (Condoblin, 1958) - Relationships: brother of 2MO Marcius John Alexander Oliver

* [[/James Greenwood Oliver|Oliver, James Greenwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZF-S79] - 1913(India)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7JO Latrobe (1939, 1947-1956); 7JO Hobart (New Town, 1960); 7JO Launceston (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2303, 1939, Tas; COCP2 1353, 1958; COCP1 1921, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, POW Japan) - Electoral Rolls: radio sales (Burnie, Tas, 1936); radio mechanic (Devonport, Tas, 1937); radio mechanic (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); orchardist (Latrobe, Tas, 1949); clerk (Latrobe, Tas, 1954); TV technician (Launceston, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Keith William Oliver|Oliver, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5Q-NV9] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GZ South Geelong (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 891, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 150, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924); mechanic (Geelong, Vic, 1925-1931); radio electrical engineer (Geelong, Vic, 1935-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1958-1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968; Boronia, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Marcius John Alexander Oliver|Oliver, Marcius John Alexander &quot;Marcus&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-M82] - 1875(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2MO Gunedah (1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 91, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio station proprietor (2MO, 1930-1939); military (air spotters, Port Macquarie) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1936; Port Macquarie, 1943) - Relationships: brother of Dalley George Tryon Oliver

===''OLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olle|Olle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Durrant Olle|Olle, John Durrant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HS-WSX] - 1910(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 2OZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1939, 1946; Pennant Hills, 1947-1948; Ashfield, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 553, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 321, 1931; 1COCP 197, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Ashfield, NSW, 1943); soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); public servant (Mornington, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''OLLIVIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Neil Frances Ollivier|Ollivier, Neil Frances]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQB-VPD] - 1916(WA)-1942(WA) - Licences: 6FO Perth (Hollywood, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1067, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''O'LOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Patrick Morgan O'Loughlin|O'Loughlin, Francis Patrick Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-Z3Q] - 1902(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4OL Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1347, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''OLSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsen|Olsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Vivian Olsen|Olsen, Frederick Vivian &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CP-4XJ] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3FO Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1929-1931; Hampton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 521, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hampton, 1936-1954; Brighton, 1963; Hampton, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Norman Frederick Olsen|Olsen, Norman Frederick or Frederick Norman (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-8JS] - 1901(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 516, 1920, NSW; 2COCP 59, 1929, NSW; 1COCP 252, 1932 - Nil yet identified - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hurlstone Park, 1934-1937); newsagent (Torwood, 1954-1958); no occupation (Lord Howe Island, 1963-1980)

* [[/Norman Peter Olsen|Olsen, Norman Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-444] - 1897(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2YK Newcastle (1924-1925); 2ZX Waratah (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waratah, 1930; Mayfield, 1932); public servant (Redfern, 1932-1933; Kogarah, 1934-1935; Wollongong, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1943-1949; Kogarah, 1949-1963); nil (Merewether, 1968-1980)
* [[/Olaf Olsen|Olsen, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QT-69T] - 1878(Norway)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Dalby 1922 (Receive) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Dalby, 1913-1943); engineer (Toowoomba, 1949; Redcliffe, 1954; Paddington, 1958-1963)

===''OLSSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsson|Olsson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Olsson|Olsson, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7P7-2XP] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: XIL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 16th Reinforcements, 1st Battalion, 1915-1917, Discharged after wounded) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1958); accountant (Turner, ACT, 1958-1963; Griffith, ACT, 1968); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

==='''O'MAY'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. W. O'May|O'May, J. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Derwent O'May|O'May, Robert Derwent &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNF-5NS] - 1903(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); 7OM Hobart (Bellerive, 1924-1927+; Sandy Bay, 1931+; Bellerive, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 74, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 508, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellerive, 1928-1954)

==='''OPPENHEIM'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver George Oppenheim|Oppenheim (before WW2) or Oliver (after WW2), Oliver George &quot;Ollie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSS-S7L] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3ZX Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939, 1954); 2AZX Sydney (Coogee, 1955-1961; Lugarno, 1965-1969; Strathfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 580, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); company executive (Coogee, NSW, 1958-1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968); importer (Strathfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''O'REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Joseph O'Reilly|O'Reilly, Maurice Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-VMC] - 1866(Irl)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XACI Bathurst (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St Stanilaus College, Bathurst, 1913); rector of college (St John's College, Camperdown, 1930-1933) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oreilly-maurice-joseph-7918 ADB] 
===''O'ROURKE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Sydney O'Rourke|O'Rourke, John Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJP-ZW4] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 4OR Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1937-1939); 4SO Brisbane (Margate Beach, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2042, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Norman Park, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Newmarket, Qld, 1949); engineer (Margate, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''ORR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orr|Orr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Murray Donald Orr|Orr, Murray Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-H29] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Vic) - Licences: 3OR Lake Meran (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 440, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1940-1941) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Lake Meran, 1924-1934) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/orr-murray-donald-1700/] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ORVAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orvad|Orvad, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederic Maurice Orvad|Orvad, Frederic or Frederick Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKS-1HH] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AHX Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Miranda, 1954-1965; Point Clare, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1977, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1000, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1936; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Miranda, NSW, 1954-1963); PMG technician (Point Clare, NSW, 1972)

===''OSBORNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osborne|Osborne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles George Osborne|Osborne, Charles George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBM-SJN] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3JL Melbourne (Hartwell, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1173, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGO, engineer, Glenferrie - Electoral Rolls: Camberwell, Vic, 1924; Hartwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1968); retired (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Jeffrey David Osborne|Osborne, Jeffrey David &quot;Jeff&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Louis Frederick George Osborne|Osborne, Louis Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GF-MGZ] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3DD Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DD Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1926); 3BMO Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gas fitter (Malvern East, 1922-1926); inspector (Carnegie, 1931-1977)

===''OSBURNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osburne|Osburne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Bolivar Laing Osburne|Osburne, George Bolivar Laing &quot;Laing&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFY2-F9W] - 1896(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XKJ Terang (1913-1914); 3BG Terang (1922-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 235, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comments: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: student (Terang, 1922-1931) - TroveTag:&quot;XKJ-3BG - George Bolivar Laing Osburne&quot; - Links: [https://westerndistrictfamilies.com/tag/laing/ Mother's bio]

===''O'SHANNASSY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Augustin O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, John Augustin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ9M-5S1] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2292, 1939, Vic; COCP1 314, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); chartered engineer (Donvale, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''O'SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Bernard Bartholomew O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Charles Bernard Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WX-1Z4] - 1914(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Sydney (Cronulla, 1939); 2VX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 47, 1935; COCP1 84, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Sutherland, NSW, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Sylvania, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Jeremiah Charles O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Jeremiah Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9B-8KX] - 1912(Qld)-1943(At sea, off Brisbane) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1947, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Corporal) - Electoral Rolls: none stated (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1937); clerk (Ingham, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285977 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682675 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/642095 VWMA]; [https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/92271-a.h.s.-centaur-memorial AHS Centaur Memorial]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/blog/the-sinking-of-the-centaur AHS Centaur] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''OSWALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oswald|Oswald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Geoffrey Oswald|Oswald, Allan or Allen Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJL-K71] - 1909(SA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2AEF Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939, 1946-1958; Carrs Park, 1960; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 237, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1972); mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''OTHEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles James Othen|Othen, Charles James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRHF-H8Y] - 1897(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: XVT Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5AS Receive Adelaide (1923); 5ON Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1954-1956; Eden Hills, 1960-1969; Blackwood, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3385, 1953, SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''O'TOOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ian O'Toole|O'Toole, Ian]] - Licences: 2ZIO Sydney (Adamstown Heights, 1969; North Rocks, 1975; Castle Hill, 1980) - amateur operator; historian (amateur, military communications); proprietor Kurrajong Radio Museum - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/archive/museum/ Kurrajong Radio Museum]

===''OTTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Otty|Otty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Shannon Otty|Otty, William Shannon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7J1] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZL Killingworth (1923-1931); 2ZL Toronto (1933-1975); 2ZL Fennell's Bay (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 219, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Toronto, 1937-1954); retired (Toronto, 1958-1980)

===''OUTTRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Outtrim|Outtrim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Outtrim|Outtrim, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFD4-7CM] - 1906(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1934-1939); 2EX Newnes Junction (1946-1948); 2EX Springwood (1950-1975); 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1333, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: porter (Richmond, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Milsons Point, NSW, 1943); assistant station Master (Newnes Junction, NSW, 1949; Springwood, NSW, 1954-1968); station master (Springwood, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Richmond, NSW, 1980)

===''OVERLACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Overlack|Overlack, Peter]] - early wireless historian [https://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval_Networks_Dominance_of_Comms_in_Maritime_Ops.pdf &quot;The Struggle for the Australian Airwaves: The Strategic Function of Radio for Germany in the Asia-Pacific Region before World War I&quot;]

===''OWEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Owen|Owen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Chester Owen|Owen, Chester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ3G-H47] - 1899(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923); 3ZM Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balaclava, 1921; St Kilda, 1922-1926); engineer (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); mechanic (Caulfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Echuca, 1943-1972)

* [[/Robert Howell Owen|Owen, Robert Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN15-PXN] - 1894(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XMB Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Melbourne West, 1914-1915; Northcote, Vic, 1919-1963)

* [[/Stanley Wainwright Owen|Owen, Stanley Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDV9-BP2] - 1912(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 6RX Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 2RX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1948-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 716, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 436, 1933; 1COCP 340, 1933; TVOCP 40, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1958); television engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1963-1968); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1972-1977; Artarmon, 1980)

===''OXENFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oxenford|Oxenford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Gilbert Oxenford|Oxenford, Laurence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J8-WFS] - 1911(Eng)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 2ACH Sydney (Ashfield, 1937; Lewisham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1968; Isle of Capri, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''OXENHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Justinian Oxenham|Oxenham, Justinian]] - 1860(Qld)-1932(Vic) - senior federal public servant (Secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)
===''OXLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Oxlade|Oxlade, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-H1C] - 1907(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4GO Brisbane (Newmarket, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 229, 1926, No. 19 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Chermside, 1937-1943; Maroochydore, 1954; Wavell Heights, 1958), contractor (Chermside, 1963-1980)

=='''P'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''PACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pace|Pace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Young Pace|Pace, Reginald Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-43F] - 1903(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Donald (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 268, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Donald, Vic, 1925-1937); wireless officer (Northcote, Vic, 1942; Thornbury, Vic, 1949); public servant (Preston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''PACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pacey|Pacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harman Pacey|Pacey, William Harman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95V-4BM] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Receive Adamstown (1923); 2WV Sydney (Abbotsford, 1934-1936; Lane Cove, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1, 1934; COCP1 144, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Lambton, NSW, 1930); police constable (Abbotsford, NSW, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); no occupation (Dangar Island, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''PADULA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Padula|Padula, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Vincenzo John Padula|Padula, Robert Vincenzo John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYR-3WC] - 1939(Vic)-Living - Licences: 3ZFU Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1718, 1939, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''PAECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paech|Paech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Leonard Paech|Paech, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6DL-76D] - 1920(SA)-1963(SA) - Licences: 5RL Adelaide (Underdale, 1936-1939, 1947-1948); 5LP Adelaide (Seacombe Gardens, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1626, 1936, SA; 2COCP 279, 1939; BOCP 371, 1941; 1COCP 810, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Page|Page, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Frank Dutton Page|Page, Benjamin Frank Dutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRJ-PBT] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3XG Birregurra (1937-1938); 3XG Kaniva (1947-1948); 3XG Melbourne (East Kew, 1954; Kilsyth, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 728, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931; Birregurra, Vic, 1935-1937); bank officer (Kaniva, Vic, 1949; Kew North, Vic, 1954; Kilsyth, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leslie Nevison Page|Page, Leslie Nevison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSBX-CRV] - 1920(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (New Farm, 1937-1939; Brisbane City, 1947); 2NB Sydney (Potts Point, 1954); 2LP Sydney (St Ives, 1955-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1931, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 2NB may have been withdrawn for 2NB Broken Hill - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ascot, Qld, 1928-1929) (too young for 1920 birth, must be a namesake); radio technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (St Ives, NSW, 1958); manager (St Ives, NSW, 1963); electronics engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1972)

===''PAGET''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Ernest Paget|Paget, Harold Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTK-ZBF] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Valley, Qld, 1925-1926); postal sorter (Ashgrove, Qld, 1928-1949); mail officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PAICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paice|Paice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Cameron Paice|Paice, Donald Cameron &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KD-2FT] - 1932(Vic)-2018(Vic) - Licences: 3ADP Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3055, 1950, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1954; Mt Waverley, 1963-1980) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 2AJ Valentine Keith Paice

* [[/Valentine Keith Paice|Paice, Valentine Keith &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K3-5T6] - 1904(NZ)-1977(???) - Licences: ZL1AJ (Z1AJ) 1925-1926; VQ1AJ (OO1AJ) Fanning Island (1926-1928); 2AJ (VK2AJ) Sydney 1929; OA4V Peru (1929) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Ashbury, NSW, 1930) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 3ADP Donald Cameron Paice

===''PALIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palin|Palin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Vyse Palin|Palin, Herbert Vyse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTH-FWR] - 1896(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Armadale, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1919; Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1926); expert (Malvern, Vic, 1931); motor mechanic (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1943; Orrong, Vic, 1954); engineer (West Rosebud, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''PALK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palk|Palk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Brian Arthur Broomfield Palk|Palk, Brian Arthur Broomfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1WL-SHX] - 1923(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5FQ Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; Marino, 1954-1956; Hawthorndene, 1960-1969; Mylor, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2420, 1939, SA; BOCP 465, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PALMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palmer|Palmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Thomas Palmer|Palmer, George Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2CR-RXJ] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Balwyn, Vic, 1931-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); bus proprietor (Yarraville, Vic, 1942; Footscray, Vic, 1949-1954); executive (Williamstown, Vic, 1963); drvr (Margate, Qld, 1972); travel executive (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Rio Vista, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman William Palmer|Palmer, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6M-JWB] - 1912(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2425, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1972); cashier (Victoria Point, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''PARADISE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Harry Elliker Paradise|Paradise, Eric Harry Elliker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3M-D75] - 1904(Qld)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Stones Corner, Qld, 1925-1937)
===''PARASIERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Isidore Percy Robert Parasiers|Parasiers, Isidore Percy Robert &quot;Robert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9Y-8B1] - 1902(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (City, 1932-1933; Glandore, 1937-1939); 6PS Perth (Inglewood, 1947); 5RF Adelaide (Glandore, 1948); 5RF Murray Bridge (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 952, 1932, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 283, 1936; BOCP 132, 1937; 2COCP 256, 1939; 1COCP 330, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Norman Paris|Paris, James Norman &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWR-B1W] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: &quot;WIA-L5006&quot; Adelaide (Prospect, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; prominent broadcast listener (1950s, 1960s); clubs (Australian DX Radio Club (SA); Southern Cross DX Club) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARISH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hugh Radcliffe Parish|Parish, Hugh Radcliffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCDL-Y23] - 1914(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7CP Launceston (1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1070, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 189, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, 1936-1937); manager (Winnaleah, 1943-1949); radio executive (Launceston, 1954)
===''PARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles William Park|Park, John Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-N4N] - 1904(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BB Perth (South Perth, 1924-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 794, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (South Perth, 1943-1949); radiographer (South Perth, 1958-1980)
===''PARKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parker|Parker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Bruce Parker|Parker, Eric Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LW15-WJT] - 1896(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XML Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces, Army 2nd AIF) - Electoral Rolls: architect (St Kilda East, 1917-1919); carpenter (St Kilda East, Vic, 1924-1927); agent (St Kilda East, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1943-1949); clerk (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Geoffrey John Parker|Parker, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRX2-5NG] - 1919(Eng)-2014(NSW) - Licences: 2AHO Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939; Ryde, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1984, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Ryde, NSW, 1949-1980) 

* [[/Henry Race Parker|Parker, Henry Race &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFY-PXZ] - 1876(???)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 1628 Sydney (Paddington, 1923) - cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: drainer (Paddington, 1936-1949)

* [[/Keith Cyril Parker|Parker, Keith Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDSK-X2P] - 1912(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5PA Port Pirie (1933); 5SO Port Elliot (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 348, 1931; 1COCP 213, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1949-1963; Bassendean, WA, 1968); manager (Cairns, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Kenneth Herbert Parker|Parker, Kenneth Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTM1-Q5G] - 1905(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6KP Meekatharra (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1192, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mining register (Meekatharra, WA, 1931-1937); resident magistrate (Cue, WA, 1943; Geraldton, WA, 1943); stipendary magistrate (Northam, WA, 1949); magistrate (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1963; Applecross, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Philip Selwyn Parker|Parker, Philip Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMZ-1XD] - 1903(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2CM Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1923, briefly then reverted to 2CY); 2CY Sydney (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1931; Pymble, NSW, 1943) - Identification: Not yet confidently identified

* [[/Ronald Alexander Parker|Parker, Ronald Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-6BM] - 1908(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1926); 3RA Bendigo (1927); 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939); 4PT Southport (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 213, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); secretary (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); retired (Southport, Qld, 1980)

===''PARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parr|Parr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John George Ashton Parr|Parr, John George Ashton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-22T] - 1908(NSW)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3OM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 646, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1949; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963; Melbourne City, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''PARRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parris|Parris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Charles Parris|Parris, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2FL-1L9] - 1912(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIH Dungog (1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2043, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stroud, NSW, 1935; Dungod, NSW, 1936-1937); radio serviceman (Dungog, NSW, 1943); telephone technician (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; Waratah, NSW, 1954)

* [[/John Edward Parris|Parris, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMP-68F] - 1899(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Deniliquin (1932-1938); 2DN Dungog (1938-1939); 2DN Deniliquin (1939); 2WM Parkes (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 905, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 15, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Tunstall, Vic, 1924-1925; Skipton, Vic, 1925-1926); steward (RS&amp;SILA Club, Deniliquin, NSW, 1930-1937); radio station manager (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alchorne Parry|Parry, Charles Alchorne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8J-BGL] - 1916(Qld)-2009(USA) - Licences: 4CP Gordonvale (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1441, 1935, Qld; BOCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Education: PhD - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cairns, Qld, 1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943)

===''PARSONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parsons|Parsons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Adin Bega Parsons|Parsons, Raymond Adin Bega]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L56Z-CNT] - 1906(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AIG Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2044, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Randwick, 1934-1963)

* [[/Warwick William Parsons|Parsons, Warwick William or William Warwick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2L4-5ZC]- 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PS Adelaide (City, 1933; Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rose Park, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1147, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

===''PARTRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Partridge|Partridge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Danvers Partridge|Partridge, Geoffrey Danvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDV-FL4] - 1914(NSW)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2VU Singleton (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1721, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Singleton, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1949-1977); retired (Singleton, NSW, 1980)

* [[/George James William Partridge|Partridge, George James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56F-BDB] - 1909(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GP Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1392, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1923-1946) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''PATERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paterson|Paterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Charles Paterson|Paterson, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRP6-JYW] - 1920(NSW)-2018(NSW)98yo - Licences: 2AHJ Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1971, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1954); television technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Paul Pryde Paterson|Paterson, Paul Pryde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-LPF] - 1915(WA)-1942(PNG) - Licences: 6PP Wiluna (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1961, 1937, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 24 Squadron, Flight Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/paterson-paul-pryde-260515/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Raymund Gordon Paterson|Paterson, Raymund or Raymond Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CH-7RX] - 1903(Vic)-1996(Canada) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 506, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenferrie, 1926-1928)

===''PATON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paton|Paton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Charles Ninion Paton|Paton, Clifford Charles Ninion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-G4Z] - 1917(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Sydney (North Wollstonecraft, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1607, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Wright Alexander Paton|Paton, James Wright Alexander &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V2-CD1] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2VQ Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1939; Avalon Beach, 1946-1947; Manly, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954; Manly, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1287, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RANVR, Sub-lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); company director (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1949); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); consultant (Manly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PATTERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Patterson|Patterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Patterson|Patterson, Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y1-GDH] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5XR Naracoorte (1933-1939); 5XR Peterborough (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1097, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, 1939); electrician (Quorn, 1941-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1909(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1947-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, WA, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/James Brown Patterson|Patterson, James Brown]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTW-WDY] - 1833(Eng)-1895(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, briefly Premier of Victoria (1893-1894), Postmaster-General Vic (July 1878 - March 1880) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Patterson|Patterson, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHV-CLN] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AFG Sydney (Waverley, 1936-1939; Woollahra, 1946-1950; Bondi Junction, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1756, 1936, NSW; BOCP 900, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Woollahra, NSW, 1949-1954); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Watsons Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); grazier (Bowral, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Walter Patterson|Patterson, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTB-83T] - 1906(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2AJW Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Killara, 1939; Roseville, 1946-1961; Avalon Beach, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2092, 1938, NSW; BOCP 1480, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mosman, NSW, 1930); radio technician (Mosman, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1934-1935); sales manager (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); sales engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1943-1954); TV engineer (Avalon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram &quot;Charles Ingram&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1946-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, 1958-1968)

===''PAUL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paul|Paul, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Anthony Paul|Paul, Leo Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQJ-C8P] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Receive Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1922-1923); 3LP Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1924-1937; Preston, 1938-1939); 3XO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1948-1960; Thornbury, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 15, 1924, No. 6 in Vic) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Fitzroy, 1927-1936)

===''PAXTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paxton|Paxton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest John Paxton|Paxton, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMM-WZY] - 1910(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AKD Sydney (Killara, 1938-1939; Lindfield East, 1946-1947; Killara, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2140, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930; Killara, NSW, 1933-1937); optometrist (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1972)

===''PAYNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payne|Payne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Tyndall Payne|Payne, Alfred Ernest Tyndall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBX3-LQN] - 1872(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3PP Melbourne (Toorak, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (?, Captain) - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Toorak, Vic, 1905-1937); stock breeder (&quot;Yarra View&quot;, Lilydale, Vic, 1943-1954)

* [[/George H. Payne|Payne, George H.]] - 19??(???)-1987(Qld) - 4NEV Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1946+, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, hon. secretary; WIAQ, president, assoc. members section)

* [[/John Payne|Payne, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSL-41Q] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IN Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1927; Kensington, 1928-1930)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: insurance department manager (Kensington, 1930-1931); secretary (Kensington, 1933)

* [[/Reginald Lewis Payne|Payne, Reginald Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG9-HFF] - 1898(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: 3RP Geelong (Newtown, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 225, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1919-1921); telegraphist (Newtown, 1922-1942) (check XJM R. Payne, Armadale for relationship)

===''PAYTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payter|Payter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph William Payter|Payter, Joseph William]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - early telephone experimenter in Melbourne, mechanic in Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs (one of James Smibert's &quot;Williamstown boys&quot;)

===''PEAKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peake|Peake, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Griffith Peake|Peake, John Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPBK-LL8] - 1896(NSW)-1966(USA) - Licences: XIT Sydney (Summer Hill, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 6th Rifles, Gunner, 1916-1920) - Electoral Rolls: chemical engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1932-1937; Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''PEARCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearce|Pearce, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Conjola Pearce|Pearce, Arthur Conjola]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2K-ZFR] - 1919(NSW)-2009(Tas) - Licences: 2AHB Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Five Dock, 1948-1950; Leichhardt, 1954-1958; Dee Why, 1960-1961; Church Point, 1965, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1968, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Leichhardt, NSW, 1954); clerk (Dee Why West, NSW, 1958; Church Point, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Ronald Pearce|Pearce, Edward Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3M-7YJ] - 1916(Vic)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6TP Perth (North Perth, 1936-1939, 1948; Mt Hawthorn, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1757, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Coolbinia, WA, 1980)

* [[/Henry Robert James Pearce|Pearce, Henry Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5X-NLN] - 1899(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1773, 1936, Vic; BOCP 484, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1977)

* [[/William Pearce|Pearce, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-MSY] - 1913(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Cessnock (1934-1939); 2CW Newcastle (Mayfield, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1296, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WPs - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cessnock, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Mayfield, NSW, 1943-1963); telecommunications technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1968); telephone technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''PEARN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Pearn|Pearn, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCKW-JRW] - 1896(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PN Adelaide (Sturt Park, 1934-1939; Wayville West, 1947-1948; Unley, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1378, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

===''PEARSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearson|Pearson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Pearson|Pearson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J5-YMZ] - 1910(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2KD Temora (1932-1939); 2KD Sydney (Belmore, 1946-1948; Herne Bay, 1950-1960; Riverwood, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 972, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Temora, NSW, 1934-1937); railway employee (Armidale, NSW, 1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954-1958; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Eric Harry Pearson|Pearson, Eric Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-9GQ] - 1917(NSW)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1613, 1936, Qld; COCP2 70, 1936; COCP1 110, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Normanton, Qld, 1941; Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); farmer (Karragarra Island, Qld, 1954); representative (Chelmer, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Ian Richman Pearson|Pearson, Ian Richman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-4LF] - 1908(Vic)-1972(Tas) - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (Berwick, 1929-1931); 7KB Burnie (1948-1965); 7KB Port Sorell (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 528, 1929, Vic; AOCP 2661, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Deer Park, Vic, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Burnie, Tas, 1949-1954)

* [[/Leonard Frank Pearson|Pearson, Leonard Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99VY-QVV] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3PI Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1660, 1936, Vic; COCP1 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Benalla, Vic, 1925); telegraphist (Williamstown, Vic, 1927; Preston, Vic, 1928-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''PECK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peck|Peck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Leslie Peck|Peck, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCL-QKN] - 1879(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XGJ Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PEDDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peddell|Peddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Peddell|Peddell, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-L1J] - 1906(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2MP Sydney (North Sydney, 1931); 2KN West Kempsey (1948); 2KN Sydney (Herne Bay, 1950-1954; Gymea Bay, 1955-1957); 2XO Sydney (Carlton, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 138, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Artarmon, NSW, 1930); radio telegraphist (Narrabeen, NSW, 1931; Mona Vale, NSW, 1933-1937); radio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1941); radio officer (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954); public servant (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1963; Archerfield, Qld, 1963; Carlton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pedding|Pedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Frederick Pedding|Pedding, William Frederick or Smith, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-KCC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WU Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2121, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PEELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peell|Peell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Peell|Peell, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3T-Q6W] - 1901(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922-1923); 2WJ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1928-1930; Maroubra, 1931-1939, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1950; Bringelly, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 593, 1920; COCP1 287, 1932 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); radio operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949-1954); manager (OTC Radio Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''PELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Pell|Pell, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLT-FXD] - 1892(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XJE Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 83, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Corp) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda East, Vic, 1917); electrical engineer (Glenferrie, Vic, 1919); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1937); district engineer (Essendon North, Vic, 1942); electrical engineer (Greensborough, Vic, 1949); nil (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/214472 VWMA]

===''PELLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pelling|Pelling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Frederick Law Pelling|Pelling, John Charles Frederick Law &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-176] - 1908(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6WO Moojebing (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1213, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Dumbleyung, WA, 1931); farmer (Moojebing, WA, 1936-1943; King River, WA, 1949-1968)

===''PEMBERTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pemberton|Pemberton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Thurston Pemberton|Pemberton, Stanley Thurston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YR-CR4] - 1911(Eng)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939; Ashbury, 1946-1948; Connells Point, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 848, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); draftsman (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1954-1963; Connells Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PEMBLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pembleton|Pembleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Edward Pembleton|Pembleton, Thomas Edward &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HP-JDF] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4ZL Rockhampton (1936-1939;1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1600, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943); turner (Rockhampton North, 1949-1980)

===''PENNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Penny|Penny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Langford Penny|Penny, William Langford &quot;Bill&quot; &quot;Uncle Bud&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZX-BSG] - 1906(Qld)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Sydney (Woolwich, 1933; Northbridge, 1934); 2GU Tamworth (1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 884, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 175, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930; Merewether, NSW, 1932; Kensington, NSW, 1932; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1935); radio dealer (Tamworth, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''PEPPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pepper|Pepper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ralph Campbell Pepper|Pepper, Ralph Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC93-1MN] - 1905(NSW)-1984(Qld) - Licences: N742 Receive Tamworth (1922); 2HV Receive Tamworth (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tamworth, 1930; Maroubra, 1931; Artarmon, 1934-1949; Newmarket, Qld, 1954-1972; Alderley, 1977-1980)

===''PEPPERCORN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Albert Edward or Edward Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWP-Y9W] - 1918(NSW)-2012(ACT)93yo - Licences: 2QJ Sydney (Bexley, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 5TP Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1960); 6GX Perth (Scarborough, 1965); 1AEP Canberra (Curtin, 1969-1975; Downer, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1765, 1936, NSW; BOCP 157, 1938; COCP1 789, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warialda, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1949); radio officer (Lawson, NSW, 1949); technician (Scarborough, WA, 1963); electronics technician (Curtin, ACT, 1968); technical officer (Curtin, ACT, 1972); technician (Downer, ACT, 1977-1980)

===''PERDRIAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perdriau|Perdriau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Carter Perdriau|Perdriau, Henry Carter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D9-L79] - 1895(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: XHC Sydney (1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: cousin of 2ZR William James Stanley Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: manager (Chatswood, 1930-1936; Roseville, 1943-1954)

* [[/William James Stanley Perdriau|Perdriau, William James Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTH6-8LS] - 1885(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923); 2ZR Sydney (Manly, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: cousin of XHC Henry Carter Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Manly, 1930-1943)

===''PERKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perkin|Perkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Perkin|Perkin, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2L-L3T] - 1900(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Rochester (1932-1939); 3EP Bendigo (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1024, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Rochester, Vic, 1922-1937); watchmaker (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''PEROOZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perooz|Perooz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Percy Perooz|Perooz, James Percy or Jumah Percy &quot;Khan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-966] - 1913(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2PE Bourke (1931-1939); 2PE Woy Woy (1946); 2PE Sydney (Epping, 1947-1948; Padstow, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 856, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 436, 1942; COCP1 624, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bourke, NSW, 1937); wireless mechanic (Epping, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980);

===''PERREY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Litchfield Perrey|Perrey, Alexander Litchfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZVM-9P9] - 1898(SA)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 5LP Strathalbyn (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 99, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PERRY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perry|Perry, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Walter Perry|Perry, Clement Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWM5-85V] - 1896(SA)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AMH Sydney (Penshurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2299, 1939, NSW; BOCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Reinforcements 3rd Battalion, 1915-1920, incl signals school; attended British School of Telegraphy, Clapham, 1919) - Electoral Rolls: drilling machinist (enlistment, 1915); telephone mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1935; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Station 2CR, Cumnock, NSW, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Manly, NSW, 1949; Station 2NR, Lawrence, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Grafton, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Umina, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Francis Cole Perry|Perry, Malcolm Francis Cole]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L679-XR2] - 1891(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XCP Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914); 2DG Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1930-1937); editor (Randwick, 1943-1949; Coogee, 1954-1958); counsellor (Hazelbrook, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCP-2DG - Malcolm Francis Cole Perry&quot;

* [[/Roy Edwin Perry|Perry, Roy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYP-NBP] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1939); 3OU Melbourne (Carnegie North, 1947-1954; Chadstone, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1204, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937; Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1968; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peters|Peters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Peters|Peters, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CZ-SK2] - 1897(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2EU Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2EU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1918) - Relationships: Uncle of 2ER Wallace George Haydn Best - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rose Bay, 1930-1933); carpenter (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1963); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles William Peters|Peters, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56G-DNM] - 19??(???)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2SV Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1935; Lindfield, 1936-1938; Roseville, 1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Ryde, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1390, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933; Lindfield, NSW, 1935); process worker (Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1943); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrician + Eva (Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Henry Zornig Peters|Peters, Henry Zornig &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4XX-HBC] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ZP Maryborough (1937-1939); 4ZP Sarina (1947-1956); 4ZP Cooroy (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1978, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Yerra via Maryborough, Qld, 1936-1937; Sarina, 1943); farmer (Cooroy, 1963-1980)

* [[/Keith Francis Peters|Peters, Keith Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-HNB] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3AKP Stawell (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2365, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Horsham, Vic, 1942); linesman (Stawell, Vic, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1963); television mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1968); TV serviceman (Stawell, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petersen|Petersen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Marzanti Petersen|Petersen, Thomas William Marzanti &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LX-VR8] - 1919(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4FY Brisbane (Cooparoo Heights, 1939, 1946-1947); 4YO Moreton Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2321, 1939, Qld; BOCP 1070, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Hills TV service); business proprietor (Advance Radio, Wynnum Radio Repairs) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949); mill worker (Bargara, Qld, 1954); no occupation (Wynnum, Qld, 1958-1972); technician (Wynnum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''PETERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peterson|Peterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Michael Peterson|Peterson, Adrian Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LN-L7Z] - 1931(SA)-Living - Licences: KA9YPQ; N9GWY - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president (Adventist World Radio); assembled one of the world's largest collections of broadcast QSL cards, now housed at NFSA; broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1940s through 2020s); historian (broadcast, amateur, utility) - Electoral Rolls: student (A. M. College, Cooranbong, NSW, 1954) - Relationships: Son of Frank Walter Peterson - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan.html Wavescan]; [https://radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-m-to-q/adrian-peterson/ NZRDXL Autobiography]

* [[/Frank Walter Peterson|Peterson, Frank Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJN5-8YB] - 1911(SA)-2011(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1920s though 1950s); early collector of broadcast QSLs 1920s &amp; 1930s - Comment: QSL collection survives as part of the Adrian Peterson QSL collection at NFSA - Relationships: Father of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Harold Franz Peterson|Peterson, Harold Franz]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-CV1] - 1888(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Sydney (Coogee, 1930-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 617, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Coogee, 1930-1958)

* [[/Rupert Clarence Peterson|Peterson, Rupert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-VJ3] - 1910(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 7AZ Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922-1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923-1924); 3PT Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 401, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 96, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949; Ivanhoe, 1954-1977); retired (Merimbula, 1980)

* [[/Walter Peterson|Peterson, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QP Melbourne (Toorak, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 689, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kew, 1925); telephone engineer (Kew, 1926-1928); engineer (Toorak, 1931-1937); secretary (Lilydale, 1943-1954); electrical instrument maker (Collingwood North, 1967-1968) - several contemporaneous WPs

* [[/Walter Martin Peterson|Peterson, Walter Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDRD-G6B] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6LW Perth (West Perth, 1937; East Perth, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; City, 1954-1956; City Beach, 1960-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1864, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Balcatta, WA, 1931-1936; North Perth, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1937-1943); radio engineer (East Perth, WA, 1949-1958); lecturer (City Beach, WA, 1963-1977)

===''PETITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petith|Petith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Raymond Frederick Petith|Petith, Joseph Raymond Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7XP-M1W] - 1905(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2PH Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1939; Auburn, 1946-1969; Guildford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 949, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Homebush, NSW, 1936); lead worker (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1963); varnish maker (Guildford, NSW, 1980)

===''PETRUCHENIA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valentine Vincent Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Valentine Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-PR1] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1948-1954); 2VS Sydney (Turramurra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 776, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942; Moonee Ponds, 1949-1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PETTITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pettitt|Pettitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Seymour Bevin Pettitt|Pettitt, Walter Seymour Bevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XW-VJY] - 1906(NZ)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2YD Sydney (Rhodes, 1933-1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1237, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1920+) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943; Concord, NSW, 1949)

===''PHELPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phelps|Phelps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Phelps|Phelps, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D5-97G] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DL Sydney (Canterbury, 1931-1939, 1946; Ashbury, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 769, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1935-1937; Ashfield, 1942; Ashbury, 1949-1963)

===''PHIBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phibbs|Phibbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Raymond Aloysius Phibbs|Phibbs, Arthur Raymond Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G551-F5Z] - 1914(NSW)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2EU Albury (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1456, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cordial maker (Albury, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''PHILBIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Thomas Philbin|Philbin, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKL-L7L] - 1889(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7FP Queenstown (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ulverstone, 1914); electrician (Queenstown, 1919-1937); electrical fitter (Queenstown, 1949-1954); to NSW 1940s
===''PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phillips|Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Albert Phillips|Phillips, Alan William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-LD4] - 1915(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5GX Adelaide (Somerton, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1601, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (St Leonards, SA, 1939; South Plympton, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/A. M. Phillips|Phillips, A. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDN Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Albert Maurice Phillips|Phillips, Albert Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-GGP] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5ZU Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1713, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Russell Phillips|Phillips, Charles Russell &quot;Russell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTB-DQ5] - 1914(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1874, 1937, Vic; COCP2 145, 1938; COCP1 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Mologa, Vic, 1936); wireless operator (Mologa, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Frederic John Mason Phillips|Phillips, Frederic or Frederick John Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L41M-2JH] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2ZQ Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1939, 1946-1958; Pymble, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1044, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1930); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1958; Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon George Phillips|Phillips, Gordon George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7V-TB1] - 1887(NSW)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 93, 1915; 1COCP 321, 1933 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Townsville, 1912-1919); radio telegraphist (Currie, King Island, 1922); telegraphist (South Townsville, 1925); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1937)

* [[/Harry Edward James Thomas Phillips|Phillips, Harry Edward James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZW-SXG] - 1896(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1933; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Merlynstone, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 532, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Newmarket, 1919); butcher (Emerald, 1922; Mitcham, 1924-1936; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1949)

* [[/James Graham Phillips|Phillips, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-8JC] - 1909(SA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 5BW Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1931; Somerton, 1933-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 256, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Somerton, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/606863 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Paul Clifton Phillips|Phillips, John Paul Clifton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4T-H9P] - 1904(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2PP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 915, 1926 (Spark); COCP2 41, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1954)

* [[/John Rich Phillips|Phillips or Rich-Phillips, John Rich]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-KMC] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CD Murraydale (1931-1939, 1947-1948); 3CD Lake Boga (1954-1956); 3CD Melbourne (Narre Warren, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 818, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murraydale, Vic, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel William Phillips|Phillips, Noel William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FX-877] - 1911(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4NP Ipswich (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1396, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Public Works Dept) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Ipswich, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Sydney John Phillips|Phillips, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2ZM-XQ6] - 1901(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1937) (Certainly a typo, see 2ADV Hicks) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 873, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 126, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Narrabeen, NSW, 1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); accountant (Summer Hill, NSW, 1943); company director (Artarmon, NSW, 1954)

* [[/William Hugo Charles Phillips|Phillips, William Hugo Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQHK-1F6] - 1892(Qld)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 11, 1914 - Radio Inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PHILLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Laurance Vincent Phillis|Phillis, Laurance Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5R-98V] - 1900(SA)-1953(SA) - Licences: 5LP Adelaide (South Payneham, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1136, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PHILPOT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Philpot|Philpot, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Hanmer Philpot|Philpot, Clarence Hanmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRM-C7S] - 1906(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Geelong (1923); 3CP Geelong (1924-1925); 3CP Warrnambool (1925-1926); 3KL Ararat (1927); 3KL Avoca (1931-1937); 3KL Horsham (1938-1939); 3KL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 381, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Derrinallum, 1928; Avoca, 1931-1936); postal (Elsternwick, 1942-1980)

* [[/Wesley Rex Philpot|Philpot, Wesley Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMN-Z1K] - 1919(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3EZ Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1948; Mont Park, 1954; Macleod, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2352, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1911, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kew, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Macleod, Vic, 1949-1963); communications officer (Plenty, Vic, 1968); public servant (Diamond Creek, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Nicholson?, Vic, 1980)

===''PHILPOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver Jones Philpott|Philpott, Oliver Jones]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LJ-52T] - 1869(???)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Sandringham, 1919); manager (Caulfield, 1921-1927)
===''PHIPPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phipps|Phipps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roger Sydney Phipps|Phipps, William Roger Sydney &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZX2-Z6G] - 1896(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6WP Perth (Subiaco, 1924-1927; Victoria Park, 1930-1933; South Perth, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 111, 1925, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 16, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Subiaco, 1921); electrical fitter (Subiaco, 1925); radio operator (Victoria Park, 1931; South Perth, 1936-1972)

===''PICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pick|Pick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. W. Pick|Pick, A. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Yowie Bay, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PICKERING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickering|Pickering, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Victor Pickering|Pickering, Arthur Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZC-R19] - 1896(Eng)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2KI Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, 2nd Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''PICKLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickles|Pickles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Jack Pickles|Pickles, Ernest Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2X-SBN] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QV Fennells Bay (1932-1939); 2AAR Kempsey (1950); 2AAR Coffs Harbour (1954); 2AAR Sydney (Kogarah, 1955-1960); 2YK Sydney (Manly, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1027, 1932, NSW; AOLCP 114, 1933; COCP2 243, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Fassifern, NSW, 1933-1943); communications officer (Kempsey, NSW, 1949; Sawtell, NSW, 1954; Kogarah, NSW, 1958-1963; Manly, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''PIEREMONT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pieremont|Pieremont, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Steinberg Pieremont|Pieremont, Neil Steinberg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL16-T7L] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NQ Sydney (Caringbah, 1935-1936; Cronulla, 1937; Port Hacking, 1938-1939; Watsons Bay, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948; Miranda, 1950-1955; Loftus Heights, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Enfield, NSW, 1932); wireless mechanic (Sutherland, NSW, 1932); radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Port Hacking, NSW, 1933-1934; Cronulla, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Gymea, NSW, 1954; Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968; Pearl Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PIGGOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Piggott|Piggott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Lawrence Piggott|Piggott, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMR-RFJ] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2WM Sydney (San Souci, 1934-1937; Kings Cross, 1938; CBD, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1403, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Otford, NSW, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1963); clerk (Cronulla, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PIKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pike|Pike, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Arthur Pike|Pike, John Herbert Arthur &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MT5R-K62] - 1890(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XJP Sydney (Arncliffe, 1911); XDY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); XDZ Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912); 2DF Receive Sydney (Epping, 1922-1924); 2JP Sydney (Epping, 1925-1929; Greenwich, 1930-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 130, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA (research, later draftsman) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Eastwood, NSW, 1913); draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XJP-XDY-XDZ-2DF-2JP - John Herbert Arthur Pike&quot;

* [[/Rodney Vernon Bailey Pike|Pike, Rodney Vernon Bailey or Bayly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55K-39B] - 1917(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ACU Wellington (1937-1939); 2ACU Cowra (1947); 2ACU Coonamble (1948-1957); 2ACU Urunga (1958-1961); 2ACU Coonamble (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 62, 1936; COCP1 134, 1937) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cowra, NSW, 1943); ice manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1949; Coonabarabran, NSW, 1954; Coonamble, NSW, 1958); manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PILGRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Roy Pilgrim|Pilgrim, Clarence Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXM-VJD] - 1893(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XAV Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (9th Reinforcements, Aust Flying Corps, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930-1936); lorry driver (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''PIMBLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pimblett|Pimblett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lewis George Pimblett|Pimblett, Lewis George &quot;Lou&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6Z-CRT] - 1893(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Riverina Wireless (experimental broadcast station VK2ZE ca 1924, later B class licence but never operated) amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1916-1919, Private, AIF); inventor - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic 1928-1931); manager (Mitchell, Vic, 1935-1936; Manly, NSW, 1936-1937; Harbord, NSW, 1943-1954; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.pittwateronlinenews.com/Lewis-George-Pimblett-Mona-Vale-Toymaker-Robotics.php Pittwater Online News]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1973432 Embarkation Roll]; [https://patents.google.com/patent/US2396433A/en Bubble Pipe Patent]

===''PINKNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pinkney|Pinkney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Clare Pinkney|Pinkney, Ronald Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLH-T77] - 1906(SA)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1007, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (Fitzroy, Vic, 1928); grocer (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''PINNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Chalker Pinnell|Pinnell, John Chalker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z5-P4G] - 1902(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923-1924); 2ZR Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1934; Ashfield, 1935-1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Earlwood, 1954-1961; Croydon, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 547, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1934; Ashfield, 1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1949); teacher (Earlwood, 1954-1963); retired (Ashfield, 1968; Mt Kuringai, 1980)

===''PINNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Robert Pinney|Pinney, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJB-WQR] - 1883(Vic)-1945(NSW) - 4CP Port Moresby (Konedobu, 1925-1927) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Light Horse, 2nd Lieutenant to Captain, 1914-1918) - Awards: Military Cross (1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PITCHFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitchford|Pitchford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stuart Frederick Pitchford|Pitchford, William Stuart Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5C-X48] - 1906(Eng)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (City, 1926-1933; Hyde Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 254, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Reade Park, 1939-1943)

===''PITMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitman|Pitman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Harold Pitman|Pitman, Douglas Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K2-TWD] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Wagga Wagga (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1254, 1934, NSW; BOCP 651, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor (Pitman Communications, Wagga Wagga) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935-1943); radio engineer (Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PITTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pittard|Pittard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred William Pittard|Pittard, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8T-4LW] - 1907(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6AP Perth (Nedlands, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2379, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: taxi driver (Fremantle, WA, 1931-1937); salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1958)

===''PITTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitts|Pitts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Graham Pitts|Pitts, Reginald Graham or Graham Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGB-56Y] - 1915(SA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 5GP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1934-1939); 5GP Alice Springs (1947); 5GE Port Augusta (1955-1975); 5GE Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1377, 1934, SA; 2COCP 189, 1938; 1COCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Torrensville, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Alice Springs, NT, 1949)

===''PLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Place|Place, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Place|Place, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SB-TG3] - 1891(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XAJ Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); telephone technician (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949)

===''PLANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plant|Plant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Plant|Plant, William John &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KN-X1L] - 1921(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AMM Newcastle (Junction, 1939; Hamilton, 1946-1947; Stockton, 1948-1956; Maitland, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2315, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Stockton, NSW, 1943-1954); fitter &amp; turner (Maitland, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''PLEMING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pleming|Pleming, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Henry Pleming|Pleming, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N58-46N] - 1917(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Springhurst (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2368, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: National Medal, 1989; Aus Fire Service Medal, 1995 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Springhurst, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''PLOWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plowman|Plowman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce McInnes Plowman|Plowman, Bruce McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-4K9] - 1919(Tas)-2018(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3QC Bendigo (1938-1939); 3QC Terang (1947-1948); 3QC Melbourne (Brighton, 1954); 3QC Wangaratta (1955-1980+); 3AQC Portable &amp; Mobile Terang (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2073, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Terang, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1954); manager (Wangaratta, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''POCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pocock|Pocock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Arthur Henry Pocock|Pocock, James Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-86Z] - 1919(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2413, 1939, NSW - amateur operator?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stockyard Creek via Copmanhurst, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Carrs Creek via Grafton, NSW, 1963); insurance agent (Lismore, NSW, 1968); agent (Lismore, NSW, 1972); salesman (Goonellabah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''POLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pole|Pole, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Edward Pole|Pole, Keith Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1C3-1H2] - 1922(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3IM Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947); 3UN Melbourne (Heathmont, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2366, 1939, Vic; BOCP 424, 1942; COCP2 575, 1942; COCP1 597, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); electrical engineer (Heathmont, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''POLLARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollard|Pollard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Pollard|Pollard, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCVD-W57] - 1892(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XCV Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied to enlist, 1917, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''POLLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollock|Pollock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Pollock|Pollock, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-R5H]- 1911(Eng)-1985(Sct) - Licences: 2XU Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1935; Normanhurst, 1936); 2XY Medlow Bath (1937); Kearsley (1938-1939); 2FU Sydney (Summer Hill, 1954-1961); 2FU Blaxland (1965-1969); 2FU Wentworth Falls (1975-1980); 2YQ Portable Sydney (Belmore, 1935); 2YQ Portable Stanford Merthyr (1936); 2YQ Sydney (Kearsley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 770, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 78, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Medlow Bath, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1954-1963); television engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1963); engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henderson Pollock|Pollock, John Henderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFM-9TQ] - 1895(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Moorooka, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Moorooka, Qld, 1922-1926); insurance manager (Townsville, Qld, 1928-1937); insurance agent (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''POLMEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Polmear|Polmear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Samuel Robert Polmear|Polmear, Oliver Samuel Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHPF-KGY] - 1906(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AEO Wagga Wagga (1937-1939); 2AEO Sydney (Campsie, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1860, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Albury, NSW, 1930; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1937; Campsie, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''PONSONBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Bessborough Ponsonby|Ponsonby, John Bessborough]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 466, 1919; 1COCP 50, 1930 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls:

===''POPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maitland Glen Pope|Pope, Maitland Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ4K-FN6] - 1884(WA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 122, 1915; 1COCP 153, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1906); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); civil servant (Hobart North, Tas, 1914); officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1919-1921); wireless expert (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1927-1931); supervisor (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''PORTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Glanville Porter|Porter, Leonard Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-765] - 1897(SA)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5MP Huddlestone (1938-1939; 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 966, 1927; 1COCP 73, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1924); wireless operator (5PI Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''POTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Potter|Potter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Frank Ernest Potter|Potter, Alfred Frank Ernest &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBGM-294] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2114, 1938, Vic; BOCP 191, 1938; TVOCP 16, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Newmarket, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); director (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1972); TV director (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/potter-alfred-frank-ernest-alf-32890 ADB]

* [[/Edward Thomas Potter|Potter, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-38V] - 1915(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6ZO Perth (East Fremantle, 1937-1939; Bicton, 1947-1965; Melville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1959, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (East Fremantle, WA, 1937-1943); contractor (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1958; Melville, 1963); builder (Melville, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/William Francis Potter|Potter, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G878-638] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2WP Helensburgh (1928-1939); 2WP Fairy Meadow (1948-1950); 2WP Charlestown (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 399, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 38, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Helensburgh, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1949); shiftman (Charlestown, NSW, 1954); electrical mechanic (Charlestown, NSW, 1958); railway employee (New Lambton, NSW, 1958)

===''POTTIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pottie|Pottie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Pottie|Pottie, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V3D-JFZ] - 1909(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HQ Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931; Hunters Hill, 1933-1938; Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 589, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1933; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''POULSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Poulsen|Poulsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valdemar Poulsen|Poulsen, Valdemar]] - 1869(Denmark)-1942(Denmark) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - inventor of a magnetic wire recorder, Poulsen arc transmitter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [[w:Valdemar Poulsen|Wikipedia]]; [https://ethw.org/Valdemar_Poulsen IEEE]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valdemar-Poulsen Britannica]

===''POWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powell|Powell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Powell|Powell, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-BHS] - 1902(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1935-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); piano tuner (Vaucluse, NSW, 1931-1963)

* [[/Harry Dalzell Powell|Powell, Harry Dalzell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HF-5J8] - 1900(Tas)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1135, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Town, Tas, 1943); inspector (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); accountant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''POWER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Power|Power, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Power|Power, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''POWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powers|Powers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Agar Thorburn Powers|Powers, Lionel Agar Thorburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-632] - 1909(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3PS Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3APS Casterton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1080, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Cowes, Vic, 1949; Casterton, Vic, 1954-1967); manager (Casterton, Vic, 1972)

===''PRATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pratt|Pratt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan James Pratt|Pratt, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKJ-RDP] - 1916(NSW)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 2AHE Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Oatley, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1980, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: despatch clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); broadcasting technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''PRENTICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prentice|Prentice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Theodore McLaren Prentice|Prentice, Edward Theodore McLaren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSQ4-LMG] - 1894(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LU Sydney (Lane Cove, 1930-1934; Carlingford, 1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 617, 1921; COCP2 265, 1930; COCP1 294, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1935-1943)

* [[/Thomas Ferguson Prentice|Prentice, Thomas Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZF4-8FR] - 1911(NSW)-????(Vic) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1931-1933; Malvern, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 842, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Father also TFP - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1949); electrical engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mildura, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''PRESCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prescott|Prescott, Prescott]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Prescott|Prescott, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTVS-CXH] - 1857(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 251 Sydney (Stanmore, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Clergyman (Newington College, Petersham, NSW, 1903-1932; Blackheath, NSW, 1933; Ashfield, NSW, 1935-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/prescott-charles-john-8105 ADB]

===''PRESDEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Presdee|Presdee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clarence Presdee|Presdee, Leslie Clarence &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK7H-RJQ] - 1897(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XAI Wollongong (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; applied to enlist AIF (WW1) but rejected on medical grounds - Electoral Rolls: law student (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); law clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1931-1933); clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lilyfield, NSW, 1943); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XAI - Leslie Clarence Presdee&quot;

===''PRESTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Arthur Campbell Preston|Preston, Thomas Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDV-FFD] - 1886(Tas)-1970(Tas) - Licences: 7BK Queenstown (1923-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 190, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Mount Lyell Co (electrical engineer, 1920s; chief engineer) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Queenstown, 1919-1954)

===''PRESTON-SMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Cedric Preston-Smith see Cedric Preston Smith

===''PRICE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Clarey Price|Price, John Clarey &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7GR-V19] - 1884(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4CE (Receive) 1922; 4FI or 4FJ Brisbane (Bardon, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); radio business proprietor (Wireless House); public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wooloowin, 1912-1913); public servant (Bardon Estate, 1919-1936; Bardon, 1943-1954)
* [[/Keith Ferguson Price|Price, Keith Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-TPD] - 1900(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4KF Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1937, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1926); engineering instructor (Camp Hill, Qld, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PRIDDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Priddle|Priddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Arthur Priddle|Priddle, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-PNF] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Bathurst (1929-1936); 2RA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Greenwich, 1946; Pymble, 1947-1965; Wahroonga, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 473, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Yass, 1935; Marrickville, 1936-1943; Lane Cove, 1943; Pymble, 1949-1963); engineer (Wahroonga, 1968)

===''PRIDEAUX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Charles Prideaux|Prideaux, Joseph Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-Y6H] - 1908(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4DS Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: musician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1943); hairdresser (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1968)
===''PRIDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pridham|Pridham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clifford Pridham|Pridham, Leslie Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK2-H6C] - 1916(SA)-2007(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2047, 1937, SA; BOCP 301, 1940; 1COCP 834, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Lockleys, SA, 1943)

===''PRIMMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Primmer|Primmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Henry Charles Primmer|Primmer, Richard Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP69-XMV] - 1887(Eng)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Receive Sydney (Gordon, 1923); 2RP Sydney (Gordon, 1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Gordon, NSW, 1913); cinematographer (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1935)

===''PRINCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prince|Prince, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Prince|Prince, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKT-ZLR] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5WK Adelaide (Walkerville, 1934-1939; Kurralta Park, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1358, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Queenstown, SA, 1941); fitter (Gracemere, SA, 1943); sheet metal worker (Broadview Gardens, SA, 1943)

===''PRINGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pringle|Pringle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Yeoman Pringle|Pringle, Albert Yeoman &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CN-S13] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3BT Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3MM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1927); wireless engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1954); radio engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1958-1968; Mont Albert, Vic, 1972)

===''PRIOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prior|Prior, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lancelot Sidney Prior|Prior, Lancelot Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-MXB] - 1913(WA)-1984(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely used the 6MO Watheroo Magnetic Observatory licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2239, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); geophysicist (Watheroo, WA, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Malvern, Vic, 1963; Braddon, ACT, 1968-1972; Claremont, WA, 1977-1980)

===''PRITCHARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albyrt Edward James Pritchard|Pritchard, Albyrt Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNL8-LC8] - 1897(Vic)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XNM Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914); 3DY Receive Melbourne (North Brunswick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 511, 1920 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1922); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1925-1928); garage proprietor (Tyabb, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); nil (Upwey, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Blacktown, NSW, 1963; Galston, NSW, 1968)
* [[/Athol Charles Joseph Pritchard|Pritchard, Athol Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLD-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3CP Melbourne (Kew, 1931-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 805, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); nil (Kew, Vic, 1943); builder (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1967; East Kew, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PROPOSCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilhelm Carl Lormann Proposch|Proposch, Wilhelm or William Carl Lormann or Forman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVN-TGW] - 1900(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4PL Chinchilla (1937-1939); 4PL Nanango (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1986, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wellborer (Maclargan via Jondaryan, Qld, 1925-1936); radio dealer (Chinchilla, Qld, 1937; Nanango, Qld, 1943-1968)

===''PROUT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prout|Prout, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Prout|Prout, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFH2-9VQ] - 1902(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CT Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1925-1931); fitter (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1949; Mt Claremont, WA, 1954-1972)

===''PROWSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prowse|Prowse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Richard Prowse|Prowse, Roy Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKVT-GKK] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1954; Bentleigh, 1960); 3XY Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1770, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Caulfield East, Vic, 1949-1954; Bentleigh South, Vic, 1963-1967; Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PRYOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pryor|Pryor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Arthur William Pryor|Pryor, Geoffrey Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9V-NC1] - 1918(NSW)-2004(???) - Licences: 2AMP Sydney (Croydon North, 1939; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2304, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); shipping officer (Croydon, NSW, 1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PRYZBILLA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Alfred Pryzibilla|Pryzibilla, Colin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKD-1SY] - 1910(SA)-2001(SA)91yo - Licences: 5XJ Adelaide (Parkside, 1935-1939, 19471960; Brooklyn Park, 1965-1969; Ascot Park, 1975; Plympton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1590, 1935, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pugh|Pugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Stuart Pugh|Pugh, Clifford Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KWJL-7G3] - 1897(Vic)-1966(USA) - Licences: XOI Melbourne (Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 604, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 14th Battalion) - Comment: Migrated to USA 1926 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Preston, Vic, 1921-1925)

* [[/Eric Gordon Pugh|Pugh, Eric Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYDY-PHY] - 1912(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ADK Kempsey (1936-1939); 2ADK Sydney (Concord West, 1946-1948; Ryde, 1950-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1740, 1936, NSW; BOCP 553, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1937); senior radio inspector (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''PURDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdie|Purdie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Robert Purdie|Purdie, Richard Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-JBS] - 1902(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Windsor, 1931; Richmond, 1933; Windsor, 1935-1939); 2ARP Sydney (Wentworthville, 1946-1947; Pendle Hill, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 334, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Richmond, Vic, 1926); wireless operator (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); airman (RAAF Station, Parkes, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Pendle Hill, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PURDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdon|Purdon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Commodore Vere Purdon|Purdon, Commodore Vere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ28-Y6B] - 1901(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1922); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1922; Hobart South, 1928; Bellerive, 1936-1954)

===''PURSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purssell|Purssell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Roger Purssell|Purssell, John Roger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV5-NND] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIN Sydney (Lakemba, 1937-1939; Bankstown West, 1946-1948; Lakemba, 1950-1969; Oyster Bay, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2009, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1937); steelworker (Bankstown, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1949-1968); technical officer (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1972); retired (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PURVIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purvis|Purvis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clive William Purvis|Purvis, Clive William &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD4-Y7K] - 1913(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3PC Melbourne (Armadale, 1937-1939, 1947; Elsternwick, 1948; Bentleigh, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1911, 1937, Vic; COCP2 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937); sales (Armadale, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

=='''Q'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''QUICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quick|Quick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Quick|Quick, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKWF-QQF] - 1852(Eng)-1932(Vic) - state politician (MLA Vic, 1880s &amp; 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1909-1910), oversight of 1909 Melbourne Wireless Telegraphy Conference - Links: [[w:John_Quick_(politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/quick-sir-john-8140 ADB]

* [[/Maurice Royal Quick|Quick, Maurice Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYHS-Z69] - 1915(???)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (West Preston, 1935-1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 4MQ Toowoomba (1947); 3RQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1948; Nunawading, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1542, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Preston, Vic, 1937); rigger (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1937-1943); RAAF (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); technical officer (Nunawading, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''QUILTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quilty|Quilty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Edward Quilty|Quilty, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR27-R35] - 1915(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2AHQ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1967, 1937, NSW; COCP1 312, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1943); typist (Bondi, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''QUIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quin|Quin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kenneth Quin|Quin, Alan Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-HZ3] - 1915(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3OY Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 902, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1968); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles Quin|Quin, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-TP8] - 1910(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CX Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937; Wembley, 1938-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 678, 1930, WA; AOLCP 178, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wembley Park, 1937); accountant (Swanbourne, 1963); retired (Swanbourne, 1972-1977)

* [[/Charles Cuffe Quin|Quin, Charles Cuffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQS-MKJ] - 1915(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 3WQ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1934-1939; Kew, 1947-1948); 2AWQ Sydney (Russell Lea, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1310, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); storeman (Kew, Vic, 1943-1949); manager (Summer Hill, NSW, 1954; Five Dock, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''QUINN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quinn|Quinn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Norman Quinn|Quinn, David Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQW-23H] - 1891(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 18, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915); supervisor (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1943)

===''QUODLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quodling|Quodling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Newton Quodling|Quodling, Harold Newton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGG-VBV] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YE Receive Sydney (Beecroft, 1923); 2QL Sydney (Beecroft, 1931-1933); 2AGA Sydney (Beecroft, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 818, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 128, 1930; COCP1 101, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio-telephone (Beecroft, NSW, 1932-1935); radio engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1943-1954); sales engineer (Epping, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Westmead, NSW, 1980)

=='''R'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''RADCLYFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Edward Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4K-ZT3] - 1907(South Africa)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADM Canberra (Ainslie, 1936-1939; Braddon, 1947-1955); 2AIX Canberra portable (Ainslie, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1758, 1936, ACT; COCP1 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Blackburn, Vic, 1931; Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1937); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958-1977);  retired (Mossy Point, NSW, 1980)

===''RADFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radford|Radford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Dynan Radford|Radford, Wilfred or William Dynan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/92MT-KNF] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 4WV Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); 4WW Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1624, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theological student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Toongabbie, NSW, 1954); priest (Marist College, Armidale, NSW, 1958; Toongabbie, NSW, 1963-1968; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RAEBEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Raebel|Raebel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Cook Raebel|Raebel, Leslie Cook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7N-HDX] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 3HI Melbourne (Elwood, 1947); 9HI Port Moresby (1948-1965); 4LC Mt Tamborine (1969); 6HX Mt Helena (1975); 6HX Australind (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2165, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (North Tamborine, Qld, 1969-1972); retired (Australind, WA, 1977-1980)

===''RAGLESS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Beaumont Ragless|Ragless, Gordon Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY3-58F] - 1909(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5GR Adelaide (St Marys, 1928-1939; Marion, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 434, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchard assistant (St Marys, 1939-1943)

===''RAINBOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rainbow|Rainbow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher James Rainbow|Rainbow, Christopher James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87K-BB5] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Melbourne (Preston, 1928-1954; West Preston, 1955-1969; Rosebud, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 406, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; partnership (Supreme Radio Co, Preston ?-1932); WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3PA Percy James Anderson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Preston, 1931-1942); traveller (Preston, 1949-1972; Rosebud, 1977); retired (Rosebud, 1980)

===''RAMAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ramage|Ramage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Erwin Ramage|Ramage, James Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF1D-5W9] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AHP Sydney (Abbotsford, 1937-1939); 2HK Sydney (Botany, 1946; Hornsby, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1966, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RAMSAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Charles Ramsay|Ramsay, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-4RT] - 1871(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Toowong, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hermit Park, Qld, 1903-1905; South Brisbane, Qld, 1912; West End, Qld, 1915-1919); accountant (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925; Waverley, NSW, 1930-1934); teacher (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1943)
* [[/Robert Ramsay|Ramsay, Robert ]] - 1842(Sct)-1882(Vic) - solicitor, Victorian politician, Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1874 - Aug 1875; Oct 1875 - May 1877)

===''RANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Randell|Randell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Burney Francis Henry Randell|Randell, Burney Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQM3-623] - 1906(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Laverton, 1935-1938); 2ALN Sydney (Windsor, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1538, 1935, Vic; COCP1 294, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936); airman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937; Kilaben Bay, NSW, 1943; South Perth, WA, 1949-1968)

* [[/Charles Otto Randell|Randell, Charles Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97TF-XLP] - 1880(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BK Innisfail (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster (callsign to 4BK Brisbane commercial 1930) - Comment: 4AC Leslie Waters employed by Randell Engineering - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Hambledon, 1903); chemist (Goondi, 1908); engineer (Innisfail, 1912-1913); mechanical engineer (Townsville, 1915); analytical chemist (Innisfail, 1919-1930); agent (Toowong, 1936); chemist (Brisbane, 1937); industrial chemist (North Sydney, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;4BK - Charles Otto Randell&quot;

===''RANKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rankin|Rankin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Ronald Rankin|Rankin, Kenneth Ronald &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RC-8FS] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3KR Kerang (1926-1939); 3KR Benalla (1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 242, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kerang, Vic, 1928-1937); manager (Benalla, Vic, 1949-1963) - Probate: Theatre Manager (Benalla, 1965)

* [[/Ronald John Rankin|Rankin, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYG2-Q3R] - 1917(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1632, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1943); RAAF Officer (Bradfield Park, NSW, 1949); RAAF (Yangoona, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Isle of Capri, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''RANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rann|Rann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George William Rann|Rann, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VMV] - 1908(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6KO Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1000, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Nedlands, WA, 1931); printer (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley, WA, 1937-1943; Leederville, WA, 1954-1958); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1963-1972)

===''RATCLIFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Herbert John Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, James Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-91H] - 1920(Tas)-1976(Tas) - Licences: 3RA Powelltown (1947); 7RA Hobart (Battery Point, 1948; Lindisfarne, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2305, 1939, Vic; BOCP 211, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Rose Bay, Tas, 1954)

===''RAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olaf Edwin Rawson|Rawson, Olaf Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JH-ZKX] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: XPL Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: tobacconist (Mansfield, Vic, 1921-1924); police constable (Middle Park, Vic, 1925-1926); constable (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); police constable (Alexandra, Vic, 1936-1937; Murtoa, Vic, 1942); constable (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''RAYNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rayner|Rayner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Rayner|Rayner, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQQ-2LK] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1928-1930; Belmore, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 384, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 425, 1933; 1COCP 335, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Annandale, NSW, 1930); constable (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1934); police constable (Belmore, NSW, 1937-1949)

* [[/Roy Hamilton Rayner|Rayner, Roy Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDX-4B9] - 1911(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2DO Yass (1932-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1020, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Yass, NSW, 1936-1943); leather trade (Yass, NSW, 1949-1963); depot attendant (Yass, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''READ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Earl Read|Read, Alfred Earl &quot;Earl&quot;]] - 1892(NZ)-1960(NZ) - journalist (editor NZ Radio Times to 1936; editor and proprietor, Australasian Radio World 1936-1940; manager, Australasian Radio World 1940+)
* [[/Allan William Read|Read, Allan William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1B-WF2] - 1913(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6LK Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933); 6LK Northam (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 735, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 163, 1934; 1COCP 83, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broadcasting Station, Northam, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1943-1958); public servant (Nollamara, WA, 1963-1980)
* [[/Edgar Henry William Read|Read, Edgar Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXQ-SCK] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Carlton, 1926; Brunswick, 1927-1931; East Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 274, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP, 350, 1931; 1COCP, 381, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1932; Camberwell, Vic, 1936); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cairns, Qld, 1941-1949); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1954); civil aviation officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Greensborough, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/Eric Vernon Read|Read, Eric Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJX7-LHY] - 1915(Tas)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 3AIR 987, 1947; 1AIR 23, 1947 - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF)  - Electoral Rolls: officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Graceville, Qld, 1941); Malvern, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); surveyor (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Sorrento, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Frederick Charles Read|Read, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Z-21P] - 1892(NSW)-1935(WA) - Licences: XYN Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: cable tester (Victoria Park, WA, 1914-1917); telephone mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1931)

===''READER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/d'Arcy Harold Reader|Reader, d'Arcy Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KX-8N8] - 1888(NZ)-1952(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 123, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1916-1917)

===''READING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Charles Reading|Reading, Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZW7-9DL] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Bangalow (1925-1929); 2LT Lismore (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrician, Reading Bros (proprietor &amp; electrical engineer, 1930-1939) - Callsign: 2RG callsign may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 2RG Griffith commercial - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bangalow, NSW, 1930-1937); electrical mechanic (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical fitter (Lismore, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Leonard William Reading|Reading, Leonard William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2LY-H23] - 1904(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6LR Northam (1933-1936); 3TQ Newport (1937); 6LR Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939; South Perth, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1200, 1933, Vic; 1COCP 384, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Northam, WA, 1925-1936; Newport, Vic, 1937); airman (South Perth, WA, 1943); supervisor (Karinup, WA, 1980)

===''REAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reay|Reay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Reay|Reay, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP4-Y5V] - 1866(Vic)-1923(Vic) - Licences: XOR Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Carlton, Vic, 1909; Brighton, Vic, 1912-1919); storeman (Fitzroy, Vic, 1921; Middle Park, Vic, 1921-1922)

===''REDDACLIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Arthur Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2BF-2S2] - 1918(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEX Sydney (Gladesville, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Eastwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1831, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1949); public servant (Eastwood, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''REDDROP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddrop|Reddrop, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James William Reddrop|Reddrop, James William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1T-SYY] - 1906(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Launceston (1934-1937); 3BN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 28, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: airman (Elsternwick, 1931; St Kilda, 1937); air force (Elsternwick, 1942-1954); air force officer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958); RAAF officer (Campbell, 1963); retired (Hackett, ACT, 1968); representative (Tbre Lake, 1972-1980)

===''REECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reece|Reece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Alfred Reece|Reece, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT71-X8H] - 1917(NSW)-1981(WA) - Licences: 2AMV Broken Hill (1939); 6JP Bibra Lake (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2343, 1939, NSW; BOCP 296, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: coppersmith (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943); farmer (Bibra Lake, WA, 1949-1980)

===''REED''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reed|Reed, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril John Reed|Reed, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-JL3] - 1914(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3IX Melbourne (Spotswood, 1938-1939; Footscray, 1947-1956; Essendon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2106, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Newport, Vic, 1936-1937; Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954; Essendon, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Donald William Reed|Reed, Donald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23K-8PZ] - 1912(NSW)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 2DR Sydney (Waitara, 1931-1939, 1946-1954); 2ADR Sydney (Waitara, 1958-1960); 2ADR Muswellbrook (1975); 2ADR Ulladulla (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 852, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 385, 1940; COCP1 467, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Waitara, NSW, 1934-1943); agent (Waitara, NSW, 1949-1954); buyer (Waitara, NSW, 1958); radio officer (Ulladulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Andrew Reed|Reed, Joseph Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-9N1] - 1905(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 950, 1932, NSW; COCP3 463, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1933); police constable (Bowral, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936); constable (Clovelly, NSW, 1937-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Joseph Griffiths Reed|Reed, Joseph Griffiths &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC6Y-GZZ] - 1897(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XABP Newcastle (1914); 2JR Sydney(Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Croydon, 1934-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 710, 1922; 1COCP 235, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABP-2JR - Joseph Griffiths Reed&quot;

===''REEDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Bennett Reedman|Reedman, Alfred Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLN-MVM] - 1896(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Norman Park, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919-1921; Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1980)

===''REES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Rees, Alun Morris - See Morris-Rees, Alun 
* [[/Richard Montague Elyder Rees|Rees, Richard Montague Elyder]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXW-S6Y] - 1901(Eng)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 2RE Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1927; Coogee, 1928-1930); 2WM Sydney (Enfield, 1931-1933); 2APW Albury (1946-1947); 3APW Darling (1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 296, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 959, 1927; 2COCP 283, 1930; BOCP 107, 1937; 1COCP 941, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1931-1937)
* [[/Roy Benjamin Rees|Rees, Roy Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQV-5S6] - 1894(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XLN Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1919-1924; Sydenham, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1930-1972)

===''REEVES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Herbert Reeves|Reeves, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-X92] - 1905(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CR Perth (Claremont, 1931-1933; Victoria Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 746, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Claremont, WA, 1931; Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1943; Wagin, WA, 1954; Fremantle, WA, 1958; East Fremantle, WA, 1963-1972)

===''REID''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reid|Reid, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Houston Reid|Reid, Alan Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PY-BH6] - 1910(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3UL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3HR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1933); 3AHR Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 275, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1931); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1967; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Gordon William Reid|Reid, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Y2-85X] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2FZ Temora (1932-1939); 2OW Temora (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 977, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Temora, NSW, 1930-1963); electrician (Temora, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/John Reid|Reid, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3G-PDG] - 1901(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BE Melbourne (Werribee, 1937); 6BE Perth (RAAF, Pearce, 1938); 3AJR Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 26, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRs - Electoral Rolls: retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Dwyer Reilly|Reilly, Edward or Edwin Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S5-67P] - 1913(Vic)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (Woodville, 1935-1939; Brooklyn Park, 1947-1975; Aldinga, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1524, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Woodville, SA, 1939-1943)
* [[/Eric Harold Reilly|Reilly, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L153-S1X] - 1905(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4ER Brisbane (Hill End, 1934-1937); 4ER Laidley (1938-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1339, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ, WICEN) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Hill End, Qld, 1934-1937); motor mechanic (Laidley, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''REIMANN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Alwin Reimann|Reimann, Albert Alwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4RD-V3K] - 1905(SA)-1946(SA) - Licences: 5JO Adelaide (Kent Town, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 453, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''REINARTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Leonard Reinartz|Reinartz, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94X7-XYL] - 1894(Ger)-1964(USA) - Licences: 1QP (1908-?); 1XAM; W3RB; K6BJ - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator - Comment: with Fred Schnell made first Trans-Atlantic 2 Way QSO with F8AB Leon Deloy - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/1QP/ Ham Gallery]

===''REINHOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Cyril Reinhold|Reinhold, Edwin Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHH4-WWR] - 1900(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: Q747 Receive Brisbane (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clayfield, 1925); motor mechanic (Gracefield, 1931-1949); soldier (Sherwood, 1954-1980)

===''RENNIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/F. Rennie|Rennie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HI Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/J. M. Rennie|Rennie, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QF Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/K. M. Rennie|Rennie, K. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AO Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''RENSHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Phillip Renshaw|Renshaw, Walter Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9KS-1LX] - 1891(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFP Sydney (Roseville, 1912-1914); 2DE Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 370, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator - amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIA NSW - 1912+, President, Federal President); professional clubs (IRE NSW - founding member); business (consulting engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Hon. Sec. WIA NSW) - Comment: late 1930s entangled in a NSW State Government corruption enquiry - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Roseville, 1936-1954; Ashfield, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFP-2DE - Walter Phillip Renshaw&quot;

===''RENWICK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Griffith Renwick|Renwick, Arthur Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-8XV] - 1902(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 292, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Roseville, 1930-1937); chemist (Drummoyne, 1943-1954); retail chemist (Strathfield, 1958-1963)

===''RETALLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Retallick|Retallick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Moncrieff Retallick|Retallick, James Moncrieff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKK3-QDW] - 1898(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Bellingen (1930-1939, 1946-1947); 2FE Portable Bellingen (1933-1939); 2XO Raleigh (1948-1955); 2XO Coffs Harbour (1956-1958); 2XO Urunga (1960-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 664, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Substation, Raleigh, 1949-1954); electrical mechanic (Urunga, 1963-1968)

===''REYNOLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reynolds|Reynolds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Pretoria Reynolds|Reynolds, Arthur Pretoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F6-6PX] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Oatley, 1931-1936); 2AP Parkes (1937); 2AP Albury (1938-1939); 2AP Sydney (Richmond, 1946-1960); 2AP Katoomba (1961-1965); 2AP Leura (1969); 2AP Blackheath (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 34, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Oatley, NSW, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1937; Richmond, NSW, 1943-1958; Leura, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Shipley, NSW, 1972)

* [[/George Daniel Reynolds|Reynolds, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9J-VBQ] - 1886(NZ)-1964(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 180, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1917; Cooktown, 1928); radio (Malvern, 1934-1937); wireless operator (New Farm, 1943); radio station manager (Townsville, 1949); retired (Malvern, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Patrick Reynolds|Reynolds, Reginald Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH3-V8S] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Temora (1931-1933); 2RH Leeton (1933); 2RH Wagga Wagga (1935-1938); 2RH Young (1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 211, 1931; AOLCP 52, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1958; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Randwick, NSW, 1968); technician (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald James Reynolds| Reynolds, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNH-BFX] - 1912(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2AFR Sydney (Granville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Westmead, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1855, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Granville, NSW, 1934-1937); telegraphist (Granville, NSW, 1943); postal employee (Westmead, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''REYNOLDSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Laurence Reynoldson|Reynoldson, Edmund Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QH-63N] - 1895(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XKB Strathmerton (1913-1914); 3FC Receive Melbourne (City, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 673, 1921 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 (Signal Engineers, 2nd Division); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Comment: Brother Leonard Mood Reynoldson killed at Bullecourt - Electoral Rolls: operator (Brighton, Vic, 1922); postmaster (St James, Echuca, Vic, 1924-1926; Hayfield, Vic, 1931-1954); nil (Ringwood East, Vic, 1963)

===''RHEUBEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Owen Rheuben|Rheuben, Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNYD-98M] - 1893(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XLL Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3UA Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: turner (South Melbourne, Vic, 1914); engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1927-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1963); retired (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''RHODES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Rhodes|Rhodes, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BS-QMC] - 1887?(???)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Kadina (1923); 5HR Kadina (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Needs more research - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quorn, 1939-1943; Grassmere, 1943)

===''RIBBETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas John Ribbett|Ribbett, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQQ-YRJ] - 1880(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RICH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Fry Rich|Rich, Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-YZ3] - 1873(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 4CR Fife Bay, Papua - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 4VX 2AJZ 9VX 2API Mackendrick Charles William Rich - Electoral Rolls: retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1949)
* [[/Mackendrick Charles William Rich|Rich, Mackendrick Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-5MB] - 1903(PNG)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 4VX Samarai, Papua (1938-1939); 2AJZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1946); 9VX Port Moresby (1947-1948); 2API Sydney (Manly Vale, 1954-1955; Balgowlah, 1956-1969; Manly Vale, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 4CR Charles Fry Rich - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Manly Vale, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Manly Vale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICHARDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/G. F. Richards|Richards, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (Moonah, 1923); 2237 Hobart (Moonah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/George Richards|Richards, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDM-JZ6] - 1888(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4XK Ipswich (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 575, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Silkstone, 1917-1932; Booval, 1936-1958)
* [[/Maurice Evans Richards|Richards, Maurice Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-KPB] - 1910(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5CY Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); 5MR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 369, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Likely a relation of 5WR Wilfred Mayo Richards - Electoral Rolls: welder (Millswood East, SA, 1943) 
* [[/Norman Henry Richards|Richards, Norman Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-NL1] - 1912(Eng)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 4NR Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1071, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1937); mechanic (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1943); refrigeration engineer (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1963-1968); retired (Glasshouse Mountains, Qld, 1972-1977; Tin Can Bay, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Victor John Richards|Richards, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-3HH] - 1916(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6JR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1894, 1937, WA; 2COCP 265, 1939; 1COCP 367, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Nedlands, WA, 1937); radio operator (Alice Springs, NT, 1943); machinery assistant (Wivenhoe, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Darlinghurst West, NSW, 1949; Charters Towers, Qld, 1949)); radio operator (Carlingford, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Blacktown, NSW, 1958); technician (Applecross, WA, 1958-1972); radio officer (Applecross, WA, 1977-1980)
* [[/Wilfred Mayo Richards|Richards, Wilfred Mayo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-6W4] - 1896(SA)-1948(SA) - 5WR Adelaide (Medindie Gardens, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 364, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - certainly a relation of 5MR Maurice Evans Richards

===''RICHARDSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richardson|Richardson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kennington Richardson|Richardson, Alan Kennington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRM-73L] - 1914(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5AR Adelaide (Everard Park, 1934-1939; City, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1277, 1934, SA; AOLCP 201, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Everard Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Charles Augustus Richardson|Richardson, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-45H] - 1905(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2PT Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 922, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1943); RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); salesman (St Kilda, Vic, 1954); sales (Toorak, Vic, 1954-1963); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Henry Richardson|Richardson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZG-11X] - 1919(Tas)-2003(???) - Licences: 7GR Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1980); 2NMF Sydney (Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2302, 1939, Tas; BOCP 293, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, Tas, 1943; Queenborough, Tas, 1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954-1963)  

* [[/Jasper Bede Richardson|Richardson, Jasper Bede]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-LTY] - 1907(WA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 6LX Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1933; Hollywood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 831, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Hollywood, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; East Fremantle, WA, 1949); mechanic (Bicton, WA, 1954-1968)

* [[/John Keith Richardson|Richardson, John Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QQ-76P] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Tas) - Licences: 4KR Barcaldine (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: overseer (&quot;Ashgrove&quot;, Gore, 1930-1932) - Trovetag: &quot;4KR - John Keith Richardson&quot;

* [[/Laurence Ross Nelson Richardson|Richardson, Laurence Ross Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-7RH] - 1914(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3LD Melbourne (Armadale, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 821, 1931, Vic; AOLCP 116, 1933; COCP2 258, 1939; COCP1 303, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1937); nil (Bayswater, Vic, 1949); technician (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert John Richardson|Richardson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYX6-FTT] - 1912(Vic)-2004(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Collingwood, 1936-1939; Cheltenham, 1947-1975); 3ZP Moe (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1785, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Collingwood, Vic, 1934-1937); machinist (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942; Heatherton, Vic, 1949-1967); PMG employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1977); retired (Moe, Vic, 1980)

===''RICHES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riches|Riches, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney James William Riches|Riches, Sydney James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RF-1ST] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 34, 1931; AOCP 1784, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1937); farmer (Larpent, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''RICH-PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rich-Phillips|Rich-Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE PHILLIPS, principally John Rich Phillips

===''RICHMOND''===

* [[/Cecil Harry Garbett Richmond|Richmond, Cecil Harry Garbett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTB-MV6] - 1910(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2059, 1937, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Awards: Imperial Service Medal (1970, Shipping Dept, clerical assistant) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Holland Park, Qld, 1943-1972); retired (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''RICHTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richter|Richter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Wilfred Richter|Richter, Roy Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCN-XHW] - 1920(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ADP Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939); 2ACR Sydney (Manly Vale, 1961; Belrose, 1965-1969); 2ACR Ellenboraugh via Wauchope (1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1741, 1936, NSW; COCP2 146, 1938; COCP1 194, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Manly, NSW, 1949; Collaroy, NSW, 1954); manager (Fairlight, NSW, 1958); engineer (Manly Vale, NSW, 1963); manufacturer (Belrose, NSW, 1972); grazier (Ellenboraugh, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICKABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rickaby|Rickaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lorimer Douglas Rickaby|Rickaby, Lorimer Douglas &quot;Rick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMR4-Z8W] - 1906(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4VR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Coopers Plains, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 485, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4VL, 4AK, 4BK); military (WW2, RAN); ship wireless officer; security officer (MSS) - Relationships: father of 4RX Brian ??? Rickaby; father-in-law of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949);  meter reader (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1958-1972) 

* [[/Brian ??? Rickaby|Rickaby, Brian ???]] - Licences: 4ZAP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1960); 4RX Brisbane (Salisbury, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: AOLCP; AOCP; BOCP; TVOCP - amateur operator; broadcast engineer (Qld State Broadcasting Office, P&amp;TD / DoC / DoTaC / ABA) - Relationships: son of 4VR Lorimer Douglas Rickaby; husband of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls:

===''RIDGWAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ridgway|Ridgway, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edwin Keith Ridgway|Ridgway, Edwin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVNZ-36N] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Leongatha (1934-1937); 2AGQ Henty (1938); 3IV Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1282, 1938, Vic; BOCP 519, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Ballarat West, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''RIETHMULLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64Z-XCL] - 1903(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4SK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 250, 1930; 1COCP 299, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jandowae, 1936); radio technician (Wellington, NSW, 1937; Moorooka, 1943); radio operator (Darlinghurst, 1949; Wahroonga, 1963-1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1972-1980)

===''RILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riley|Riley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Morton Russell Riley|Riley, Morton Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJJ7-62N] - 1911(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3TN Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1789, 1936, Vic; BOCP 507, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Hamilton, Vic, 1934-1954)

* [[/William Frederick Riley|Riley, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK87-JBH] - 1919(WA)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4FS Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2240, 1938, Qld; COCP1 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943; Moorooka, Qld, 1949); aircraft surveyor (Lane Cove, NSW, 1954; Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968; Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/William James Riley|Riley, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKCG-NHL] - 1907(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YX Sydney (Balmain, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Strathfield, 1954; Balmain, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1056, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Refer Ancestry.com for details of a difficult life - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balmain, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''RING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ring|Ring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Mostyn Ring|Ring, Keith Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB8-YR7] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5KH Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954; Eden Hills, 1955-1969); 5KH Williamstown (1975); 5KH Kapunda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 923, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Jamestown, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leo Ring|Ring, Thomas Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-D97] - 1893(Vic)-1945(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 233, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1916; Sandgate, 1921); clerical assistant (Bowen, Qld, 1925); postmaster (Texas, 1930-1937); retired (Hendra, Qld, 1943)

===''RINGROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ringrose|Ringrose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Ringrose|Ring, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPC-GSV] - 1900(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YR Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939); 2BSR Forster (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 421, 1919 (Marconi); COCP2 129, 1930; COCP1 193, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Epping, NSW, 1935-1949); radio technician (Eastwood, NSW, 1954); technician (OTC Doonside Rd, Blacktown, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''RIPPEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adolf Heinrich Gerhard Rippen|Rippen, Adolf Heinrich Gerhard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-QSB] - 1919(WA)-1941(Off coast of Kenya) - Licences: 6GR Perth (Fremantle, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1731, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, HMAS Sydney II, Telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fremantle, 1943) - Links: [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=478 HMAS Sydney II Memorial]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/644953 VWMA]; [http://www.streetwisemedia.com.au/unknown-sydney-sailor-named-after-80-years/ Streetwise] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''RIVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Ronald Rivers|Rivers, Edmund Ronald or Ronald Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJH-V2S] - 1901(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3ER Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1922-1923); 3ER Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 767, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RIX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rix|Rix, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry George Rix|Rix, Walter Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMQX-KZQ] - 1898(Qld)-1923(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Receive Brisbane (Bulimba, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (Valley, Qld, 1919-1921)

===''ROBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robb|Robb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Lindsay Robb|Robb, Walter Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-JBL] - 1917(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 3YR Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1947-1948; Essendon West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2122, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942); toolmaker (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); draftsman (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''ROBBINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Fellows Robbins|Robbins, Thomas Fellows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-2SL] - 1918(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5DK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1935-1937; Malvern, 1938-1939); 5AQ Leigh Creek (1954-1960); 5AQ Port Augusta (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1548, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Malvern, SA, 1941-1943)

===''ROBERTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roberts|Roberts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles D'Arcy Roberts|Roberts, Charles D'Arcy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-VBN] - 1909(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2JV Sydney (Greenwich, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 408, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1943) - Electoral rolls: clerk (Lane Cove, 1930-1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Edmund Charles Roberts|Roberts, Edmund Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1Q-WMS] - 1919(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1946; Punchbowl, 1947); 9QK Lae (1948); 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1954-1961); 2QN Lakemba (1969); 4QI Gladstone (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2279, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1882, 1960; TVOCP 310, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1958); technician (Bendigo, Vic, 1963); TV technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1963-1972); RAN (Nowra, NSW, 1972-1977); radio technician (Gladstone, Qld, 1977-1980); engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Harry Mayland Roberts|Roberts, Harry Mayland or Mayfield (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLH-KKF] - 1912(SA)-1979(SA) - Licences: 5MY Adelaide (Alberton East, 1931; Myrtle Bank, 1938-1939; Fullarton Estate, 1947-1954; Plympton, 1955-1965; North Plympton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 763, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Herbert Charles Roberts|Roberts, Herbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-122] - 1902(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3HR Sea Lake (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1669, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/J. C. A. Roberts|Roberts, J. C. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAY Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Identification: Not yet identified, despite three given names - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Michael Denis Roberts|Roberts, John Michael Denis or Dennis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89R-5VT] - 1917(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2ACK Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1939); 2JS Sydney (Campsie, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1656, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 8, 1946; COCP1 1119, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Keith McLeod Roberts|Roberts, Keith McLeod]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJS-1GN] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2109, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Nicholas William Roberts|Roberts, Nicholas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-XKV] - 1915(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5NR Adelaide (St Peters, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1228, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, age 21yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Noel Grafton Roberts|Roberts, Noel Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRD-CCL] - 1924(Eng)-2008(Eng) - Licences: 5NR Katherine (1947) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 589, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Tally Ho, Vic, 1967-1968; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Phillip Roberts|Roberts, Phillip]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZF Narrandera (1932-1935); 2AFF Wagga Wagga (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1014, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Narrandera, NSW, 1931-1932); storeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Richard George Crafter Roberts|Roberts, Richard George Crafter or Crofter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWFZ-Z24] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UU Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 750, 1922; 2COCP 430, 1933; 1COCP 505, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, 1933-1936; Lovetts Bay, 1943; Chatswood, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ronald Joseph Roberts|Roberts, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1S-97N] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1887, 1937, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Flexmore Roberts|Roberts, Russell Flexmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL4K-265] - 18??-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4PN Brisbane (West End, 1927-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 372, 1927, No. 41 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; television experimenter (4CM); broadcaster (4BC, manager) - Electoral Rolls: musical director (South Brisbane, 1919); musician (Coorparoo, 1934); manager (Yeronga, 1936-1937); alderman (Annerley, 1954)

* [[/V. Roberts|Roberts, V.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBERTSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robertson|Robertson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Robertson|Robertson, Albert Edward &quot;Robbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-G68] - 1908(???)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 3US Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2US Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1969; Chatswood, 1975; Castle Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1968); radio officer (Chatswood, NSW, 1972); retired (Castle Cove, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Gordon Hamilton Robertson|Robertson, Archibald Gordon Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62Y-5YZ] - 1906(South Africa)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2ALA Sydney (Undercliffe, 1938-1939; Enfield, 1946-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2196, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Toxteth, NSW, 1932-1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Glebe, NSW, 1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Crows Nest, NSW, 1954)

* [[/Brian Desmond Robertson|Robertson, Brian Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-W63] - 1921(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 1RD Macquarie Island (1950s); 5RD Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 998, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Sterling Robertson|Robertson, David Sterling]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-F7H] - 1920(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Mt Lofty, 1937-1939, 1948-1965); 1ATR Canberra (Deakin, 1956; Yarralumla, 1960); 5RN Adelaide (Stirling, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1944, 1937, SA; 2COCP 346, 1940; 1COCP 405, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 5YL-1YL Denise Alison Robertson nee Haslam - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, 1943)

* [[/Denise Alison Robertson|Robertson nee Haslam, Denise Alison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-JWG] - 1927(NSW)-2008(SA) - Licences: 1YL Canberra (Yarralumla, 1960-1965); 5YL Adelaide (Stirling, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3552, 1956, ACT - amateur operator; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 5RN-1ATR David Sterling Robertson - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robins|Robins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Francis Robins|Robins, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZKN-B51] - 1919(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947); 6RB Northam (1948); 6RB Perth (Joondanna, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2221, 1938, WA; COCP1 2032, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1949); postal officer (Joondanna, WA, 1954-1972); public servant (Joondanna, WA, 1977-1980)

===''ROBINSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robinson|Robinson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Robinson|Robinson, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1G8-ZJ2] - 1900(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Hunter's Hill, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 498/499, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical meter tester (Haberfield, 1933-1936) - Callsign: 2GR callsign previously held by Joseph Sydney Marks

* [[/Arthur Robinson|Robinson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-4PP] - 1926(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ABF Sale (1948-1956); 3ABF Melbourne (Croydon, 1960); 3ABF Traralgon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2710, 1948, Vic; TVOCP 184, 1959 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Croydon, 1963); PMG TV technician (Traralgon, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles John Robinson|Robinson, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJD-DC5] - 1908(Tas)-2004(???) - Licences: 7RC Launceston (1936-1937); 7KR Launceston (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1668, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carter (Launceston, 1936-1937); cordial maker (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/Harry Percival Robinson|Robinson, Harry Percival or Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-J96] - 1905(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5HN Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1947-1960; Windsor Gardens, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2168, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Port Adelaide, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Robinson|Robinson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7H-Q61] - 1895(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Receive Sydney (Ryde, 1922-1923); 2RN Receive Sydney (Concord, 1923); 4RN Brisbane (Kedron, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur broadcaster; Honorary Radio Inspector NSW; First director 4QG - Comment: several contemporaneous JWRs - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Merthyr, Qld, 1925-1926); radio engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1928); engineer (Herston, 1936-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2EN-2RN-4RN - John William Robinson&quot;

===''ROBSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Laudreux Robson|Robson, Colin Laudreux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYV-TL8] - 1916(WA)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6XI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1937-1939); 6XI Northam (1947-1948); 6XI Waterloo (1954-1960); 6XI bunbury (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 181, 1936; AOCP 2055, 1937, WA; BOCP 234, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (6AM Quarters, Northam, WA, 1949; 6TZ, Waterloo, WA, 1958-1963; Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

===''ROCHE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roche|Roche, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/L. Roche|Roche, L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROCKBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rockberg|Rockberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alec Rockberg|Rockberg, Alec]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW1-965] - 1907(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Sydney (CBD, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 771, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1943; Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1949; Five Dock, NSW, 1954-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ROCKWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Bruce Rockwell|Rockwell, Horace Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K882-BWV] - 1887(Tas)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XQH Brisbane (Wynnum) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; WW1; WW2; a founder of Wireless Institute of Queensland 1912 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1913; Wynnum, Qld, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Enoggera, Qld, 1919; Chelmer, Qld, 1925); electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1936-1937); soldier (Middle Head, NSW, 1943); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1949)

===''RODDA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodda|Rodda, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William David Rodda|Rodda, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WK-4JB] - 1907(WA)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WR Perth (Claremont, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 435, 1928, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1191, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Claremont, 1931-1936; Nedlands, 1937; Claremont, 1943); control operator (Nedlands, 1949-1954); technician (Perth, 1958)

===''RODGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodger|Rodger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm Alan Rodger|Rodger, Malcolm Alan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Y-LSY] - 1913(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3UI Tatura (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2334, 1939, Vic; BOCP 587, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kyabram, Vic, 1934; Tatura, Vic, 1935-1954)

===''RODWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodwell|Rodwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Rodwell|Rodwell, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWX8-VG7] - 1909(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Bowen Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1936-1937); grocer (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); company manager (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1968); bookseller (Aspley, Qld, 1972)

* [[/J. G. Rodwell|Rodwell, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 244 Sydney (North Sydney, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roger|Roger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herman Roger|Roger, John Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ3-315] - 1901(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (Moore Park, 1929); 2KV Newcastle (CBD, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 829, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone electrician (Lambton, NSW, 1930); telephone mechanic (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); no occupation (Earlwood, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Beresfield, NSW, 1949); broadcasting technician (Surry Hills, NSW, 1949); broadcasting engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1954); postal employee (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''ROGERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rogers|Rogers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Stanley Rogers|Rogers, Bernard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPV-L34] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FG Adelaide (Blackwood, 1934-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1948; Glandore, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1274, 1934, SA; 1COCP 907, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Edwardstown, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Edwin Rogers|Rogers, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-JXW] - 1904(Tas)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1937); 2AHN Sydney (Epping, 1938); 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948); 3TO Yallourn (1954-1965); 3TO Newborough (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1091, 1933, Vic; BOCP 1452, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Nedlands, WA, 1943); patrolman (Yallorn, Vic, 1949-1967); clerk (Newborough, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Lionel Cecil Rogers|Rogers, Lionel Cecil or Cecil Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBJJ-56H] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KF Receive Melbourne (Seddon, 1922); 3LI Melbourne (Seddon, 1937; Footscray, 1938-1939; Seddon, 1947-1948); 3ADQ Rockbank (1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 836, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 101, 1937; COCP1 474, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1926-1931); labourer (McMillans, Vic, 1935-1936); operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1936; Footscray South, Vic, 1937-1949); technician (wireless station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Richard Rogers|Rogers, Richard &quot;Ric&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZN-LHZ] - Living - Licences: 7RO Hobart (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (Amateur Radio Tas) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROHDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Campbell Rohde|Rohde, William Campbell &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76S-GRF] - 1907(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4RW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 493, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (YWCA Wireless Club); comms engineer (PMGD); broadcast engineer (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Red Hill, 1934-1943; Newmarket, 1949); postal engineer (Coorparoo, 1958-1980)

===''ROLLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rolls|Rolls, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Rolls|Rolls, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-V3F] - 1886(???)-1957(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Auburn, Vic, 1916-1919); naval officer (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1928-1949)

===''ROOKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rooks|Rooks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Rooks|Rooks, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FX-5F2] - 1904(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1937); 3DD Melbourne (Cribb Point, 1938); 6DD Perth (Redcliffe, 1947-1948); 4DD Townsville (1956-1969); 2BDD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 23, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Cribb Point, Vic, 1942); radio inspector (Sans Souci, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Redcliffe, WA, 1949); communications officer (Sans Souci, NSW, 1954); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1972; Sans Souci, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ROPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roper|Roper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thornton Graham Roper|Roper, Thornton Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HY-FH7] - 1898(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1954; Surrey Hills, 1955; East Malvern, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2370, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (at WW1 enlistment); turner &amp; fitter (Melbourne East, Vic, 1922-1924); turner (Oakleigh, Vic, 1925-1931); fruiterer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1934-1937); fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''ROSCOE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Thomas Roscoe|Roscoe, Geoffrey Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QR-GJY] - 1900(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Receive Condamine (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Condamine, Qld, 1925; Macknade, Qld, 1936-1937; Boonah, Qld, 1943); retired (St Lucia, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''ROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rose|Rose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Isaac Rose|Rose, Benjamin Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDQ-GPR] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3FR Receive Melbourne (South Oakleigh, 1922); 3TG Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 754, 1922 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1936); carrier (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); storeman (North Clayton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Englebert Rose|Rose, Henry Englebert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD1-TF3] - 1894(NSW)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 2LP Receive Warren (1922); 2HR Warren (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Dalby, Qld, 1913); station manager (Yanganbil, NSW, 1930); grazier (Warren, NSW, 1933); stock and station agent (Warren, NSW, 1935-1936; Annaby, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/Robert William (Qld) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-JJM] - 1911(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4RR Brisbane (1925); 4RQ Longreach (1930-1939, 1946-1948); 2AQR Wallsend (1956-1961); 2AQR Avoca (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 576, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; chemist - Comment: Another Robert William Rose b1923 BOCP 993 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, 1925); chemist (Longreach, 1936-1949; West Wallsend, 1958-1963; Avoca Beach, 1968)

* [[/Robert William (Vic) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Vic)]] - 1923(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 993, 1948; 3AIR 1790, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''ROSEBLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rex Kitchener Roseblade|Roseblade, Rex Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHF-YPM] - 1914(Vic)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 3QJ Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1939); 2RI Canberra (Barton, 1947); 3QJ Melbourne (Balcombe Camp, 1954-1955; Ashburton, 1956-1960); 1QJ Canberra (Narrabundah, 1965-1969; Campbell, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 930, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 152, 1938; 2COCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937-1943); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954; Narrabundah, ACT, 1963-1968; Campbell, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''ROSENSKJAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Rosenskjar|Rosenskjar, F.]] - 19??-19?? - 4?? Brisbane (Fairfield) (Operator 4BI), amateur operator, amateur broadcaster

===''ROSEVEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosevear|Rosevear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Donovan Rosevear|Rosevear, Ernest Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWL-VRK] - 1914(SA)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2405, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: panelbeater (Brighton, SA, 1939); press operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''ROSEWARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Paul Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Jeffrey Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-ZWP] - 1920(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5MN Snowtown (1947-1948); 5MN Kadina (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2313, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ross|Ross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander David Ross|Ross, Alexander David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68V-KFR] - 1883(Sct)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Professor of Mathematics &amp; Physics, University of Perth) - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Perth Club, 1916; West Perth, 1925-1954); retired (Albany, WA, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/ross-alexander-david-8270 ADB]; [[w:Alexander_David_Ross|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/201206204747/features/setting-standards-excellence/ UWA]; [https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1967QJRAS...8..297. Harvard Obit]

* [[/John Francis Ross|Ross, John Francis &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z1-TYT] - 1922(SA)-2021(NSW)98yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer (PMGD); journalist (editor, The Broadcaster); historian (broadcasting, Amateur Radio, radiocommunications); author (&quot;History of Radio in South Australia&quot;; &quot;Radio Broadcast Technology&quot;); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, &quot;For service to the media as a radio broadcasting engineer&quot;, 1989 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Waterstone Mansen Ross|Ross, Reginald Waterstone Mansen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RP-ZML] - 1907(South Africa)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 2IG Albury (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1429, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1934; Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); technical assistant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1958-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ROST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rost|Rost, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Rost|Rost, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2S-FXW] - 1887(Qld)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XBR Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913; Epping, NSW, 1930-1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943; West Ryde, 1949)

===''ROUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roudie|Roudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrea Roudie|Roudie, Andrea &quot;Andrew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNX-X16] - 1912(Greece)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3UJ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1933; Fairfield, 1937-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1948; Ringwood East, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1965; Vermont, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 878, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1963); engineer (Vermont, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ROUTLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Angus Routledge|Routledge, Robert Angus &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX2-BDP] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5RA Adelaide (Richmond, 1930-1931; Henley Beach, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 679, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Henley, 1939); radio technician (Henley, 1941); physics technician (Glenelg, 1943)

===''ROWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/R. L. Rowe|Rowe, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1928; McMahons Point, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 267, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''ROWLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowland|Rowland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Rowland|Rowland, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH14-G2J] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Ballarat (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 657, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Grovedale, 1924); storekeeper (Majorca, 1925-1927; Ballarat, 1931); radio dealer (Ballarat, 1936-1980) - Comment: Don't confuse 3ZGG/3AFS Robert George Rowlands

===''ROWLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMJ-HZT] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1915-1921); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1925-1937); mechanical engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1943-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''ROWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowles|Rowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Alfred Rowles|Rowles, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCL-YYT] - 1908(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2OS Sydney (Double Bay, 1931-1933; Bondi, 1933-1935); 3OS Melbourne (Armadale, 1947; East St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 849, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 422, 1933; COCP1 361, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bus conductor (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); radio (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1935); aeradio operator (Aeradio Station, Forrest, WA, 1943); control officer (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1958; Jordanville, Vic, 1967-1968; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROWLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowley|Rowley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Rowley|Rowley, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76R-9S5] - 1916(Vic)-1991(NZ) - Licences: 3QF Melbourne (Avonsleigh, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954; East Frankston, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2071, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1942); builder (Avonleigh, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roy|Roy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Beresford|Roy, Arthur Beresford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXWQ-QB1] - 1910(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2OP Sydney (Waverley, 1931-1939; Rose Bay, 1946-1947); 2OP New Lambton (1948); 2OP Sydney (Leichhardt, 1950; Strathfield, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 722, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Waverley, NSW, 1932-1937; New Lambton, NSW, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Arthur Richard Roy|Roy, Arthur Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKT-N5V] - 1916(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2ADR Sydney (Mascot, 1936-1939); 3ADR Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1956; Armadale, 1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1734, 191936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1937); St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Toorak, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Royle|Royle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Arthur Kirkcaldy Royle|Royle, William Arthur Kirkcaldy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ13-BBQ] - 1909(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Sydney (Edgecliff, 1927-1928); 2AWK Sydney (Darling Point, 1946-1950; Sandringham, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 318, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: underwriter (Edgecliff, 1936-1954); agent (Sandringham, 1958)

===''RUBAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruban|Ruban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Ruban|Ruban, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-DMS] - 1925(???)-2015(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Footscray North, 1963-1968); technician (Maidstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''RUCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruck|Ruck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Leonard Ruck|Ruck, Charles Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTVS-3DH] - 1894(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 315, 1917 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Malvern, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1933; Canterbury, Vic, 1934-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1963); retired (Camberwell, Vic, 1968)

===''RUDKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rudkin|Rudkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Rudkin|Rudkin, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQQ-3WC] - 1910(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2DG Newcastle (Stockton, 1935-1936; Abermain, 1937-1939; Maitland, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1418, 1935, NSW; BOCP 435, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wickham, NSW, 1932); dairy farmer (Stratford, NSW, 1933); carrier (Stockton, NSW, 1935; Abermain, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Abermain, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Maitland, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''RUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumble|Rumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Eric Rumble|Rumble, James Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G49Y-S8W] - 1917(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RU Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Wembley, 1954-1960; City Beach, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2222, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (Wembley, WA, 1954-1963); company director (City Beach, WA, 1968-1980)

===''RUMBOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumbold|Rumbold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Rumbold|Rumbold, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VKD-BSQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Bendigo (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 349, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bendigo, Vic, 1928); insurance agent (Kyneton, Vic, 1931; Shepparton, Vic, 1931; Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937); assistant superintendent (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1954); cabinet maker (Bendigo, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''RUSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruse|Ruse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Ruse|Ruse, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZMB-QWY] - 1891(Vic)-1987(WA)95yo - Licences: 6WK Perth (Perth City, 1930-1931; Osborne Park, 1933-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 627, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Osborne Park, 1916-1972); retired (Bunbury, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russack|Russack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Lancelot Russack|Russack, Harry Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZX-Q5L] - 1907(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 946, 1927; COCP2 81, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Croydon, NSW, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); agent (Surry Hills, NSW, 1958); company director (Greenwich, NSW, 1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963; Frenchs Forest, NSW, 1968);  retired (Stuarts Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russell|Russell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Cooper Russell|Russell, Albert Cooper &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-BQV] - 1916(WA)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 6AR Albany (1936-1937); 6AR Northam (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1670, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937); mechanic (New Town, Tas, 1943-1949); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Sans Souci, NSW, 1958; Double Bay, NSW, 1963; Kensington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Justice Russell|Russell, George Justice &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLY-QTV] - 1908(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2QA Tullamore (1932-1936); 2QA Nyngan (1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 960, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Tullamore, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Nyngan, NSW, 1937-1968); retired (Nyngan, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Albert Henry Russell|Russell, Ronald Albert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q8-Z2W] - 1912(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3EO Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2176, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cobug, Vic, 1934); constable (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936; Coburg, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''RUTHERFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Rutherford|Rutherford, Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLK-WGB]- 1871(NZ)-1937(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Ernest Rutherford|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1908/rutherford/biographical/ Nobel Prize]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Rutherford Britannica]

===''RUTLEDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutledge|Rutledge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Rutledge|Rutledge, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M441-T34] - 1904(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6DC Receive Perth (Highgate Hill, 1923); 6CR Perth (North Perth, 1960-1965, Applecross, 1969; Attadale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2496, 1942, WA; BOCP 547, 1944 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (North Perth, WA, 1925-1926); chemist (Dalwallinu, WA, 1934-1943); radio electrician (Maylands, WA, 1949-1954); pharmaceutical chemist (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1958-1963); pharmacist (Applecross, WA, 1968); chemist (Attadale, WA, 1972-1980)

===''RUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutter|Rutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Rutter|Rutter, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8B-67C] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2CB Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939; Hornsby, 1946-1980+); 2BCB Culburra (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1662, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RYAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ryan|Ryan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John Ryan|Ryan, Albert John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWH-V6X] - 1897(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LE Canberra (Kingston, 1930-1933); 2YN Canberra (Kingston, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 489, 1919; AOLCP 80, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 1918-1919); PMGD (junior mechanic NSW, 1917; clerk, 1919)  broadcast engineer; founder of 2CA Canberra commercial - Comment: several contemporaneous AJR's - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clement James Ryan|Ryan, Clement James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-2TB] - 1916(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3DZ Portland (1936-1937); 3DZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1948; Balaclava, 1954-1960; Glenhuntly, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1667, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1968); technical (Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Edward Ryan|Ryan, Cornelius Edward &quot;Con&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-84B] - 1907(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4ZS Brisbane (Oxley, 1938-1939, 1947); 4ZS Rockhampton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2190, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1943); cleaner (Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/George Edward Ryan|Ryan, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-RCC] - 1910(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Dutton Park, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1633, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telephone mechanic (PMGD) - Comment: several contemporaneous GERs - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1954); PMG Instructor (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); instructor (Taringa, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Michael James Ryan|Ryan, Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXQ-2MC] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (Merlynston, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2072, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous MJRs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter George Ryan|Ryan, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RR-ZQ1] - 1904(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2TI Sydney (Kensington South, 1935-1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1422, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: master butcher (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''RYMILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Campbell Rymill|Rymill, Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXVS-CTB] - 1907(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Riddoch Rymill|Rymill, Robert Riddoch]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5N-YC9] - 1904(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: V753 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GX Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ethnologist (South Yarra, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/535352 WW2]

=='''S'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''SAAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Saar|Saar, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ52-N3K] - 1889(???)-1956(WA) - Licences: 6CZ Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923); 6CZ Northam (1923-1925); 6KM Eucla (1926-1927); 6KM Geraldton (1933); 6KM Perth (Maylands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 264, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph lineman (North Perth, WA, 1915); postal electrician (Northam, WA, 1917); mechanic (Bunbury, WA, 1916-1917; Balkatta, WA, 1922; Eucla, WA, 1925-1926; North Perth, WA, 1928; Maylands, WA, 1931); postal electrician (Maylands, WA, 1936-1954)

===''SABAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saban|Saban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Saban|Saban, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT4-QQK] - 1895(Vic)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XMI Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914); 2BL Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (East Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933)

===''SABELBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Joseph Brentani Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Charles Joseph Brentani]] - 1869(Vic)-1935(Vic) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Licence possibly held for one of his sons - Electoral Rolls: physician (Violet Town, Vic, 1903-1906); medical practitioner (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''SAGAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Noel Sagar|Sagar, Eric Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-4J9] - 1896(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 5CM Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); 5CM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1924-1926); 4ES Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Halcyon: Not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: manager (Greenslopes, Qld, 1932); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1943-1949); orchardist (Kincumber, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SAINSBURY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Henry Sainsbury|Sainsbury, Rupert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L28X-5H3] - 1896(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1924-1936); 4YJ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1946-1954; Epping, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 54, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930); traveller (Hendra, 1936-1937); soldier (Norman Park, 1943); executive (Concord West, 1949-1954); commercial traveller (Epping, 1958-1968)
===''SAINTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Melville Sainty|Sainty, Clifford Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ61-1GZ] - 1907(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 2MS Warrawee (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 88, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Relationships: likely related to XAH Stanley James Sainty - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Turramurra, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Loganholme, Qld, 1949); builder (Turramurra, NSW, 1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Stanley James Sainty|Sainty, Stanley James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXW9-W9D] - 1898(NSW)-1951(Vic) - Licences: XAH Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1930); mechanical engineer (Tempe, NSW, 1931-1934); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAH - Stanley James Sainty&quot;

===''SALAMY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salamy|Salamy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Salamy|Salamy, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHH-VWR] - 1904(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AJ Receive Warrnambool (1922-1923); 3AJ Warrnambool (1924-1933); 3PS Warrnambool (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 35, 1924, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Warrnambool, 1924-1977)

===''SALLMANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sallmann|Sallmann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Herbert Sallmann|Sallmann or Sallman, Noel Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY1M-59M] - 1912(Vic)-2006(SA)94yo - Licences: 3UG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3AUG Merbein (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2023, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937); assistant manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); manager (Merbein, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Merbein, Vic, 1963-1980); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1980)

===''SALMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salmon|Salmon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Edward Francis Salmon|Salmon, James Edward Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3W-B19] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1934-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1321, 1934, Vic; BOCP 195, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); announcer (Caulfield, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Walter Edwin Salmon|Salmon, Walter Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQC-SWG] - 1902(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2SA Sydney (Naremburn, 1927-1929; Bondi North, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Kirrawee, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Kirrawee, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 298, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1934); police sergeant (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1943); police superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SAMPHIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard Luke Samphier|Samphier, Richard Luke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58L-DPC] - 1914(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6YZ Perth (City, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1938-1939; Carlisle, 1947-1955; Mt Lawley, 1956-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1717, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blind school worker (North Perth, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1943); Blind School employee (Carlisle, WA, 1949-1954; Mt Lawley, WA, 1958)
===''SAMPSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Walter Sampson|Sampson, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWX-3TB] - 1894(NSW)-1954(WA) - Licences: XYAF Boulder (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Boulder, WA, 1916-1922); electrical engineer (Claremont, WA, 1925-1954)

===''SANDEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Otto Sandel|Sandel, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4J-54J] - 1905(Qld)-1999(NSW) - 2UW Sydney (Manly, 1923; Kensington, 1923-1924; Northbridge, 1924-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1926-1927); 2HH Sydney (Woollahra, 1936-1939, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 270, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder B class 2UW Sydney &amp; 2UX Wagga Wagga - don't confuse Charles Albert Sandell of AAE fame - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Woolahra, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1933; Edgecliff, 1936-1937; Bondi Junction, 1943-1954; Bondi Beach, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2UW-2HH - Otto Sandel&quot;

===''SANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandell|Sandell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Albert Sandell|Sandell, Charles Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S2H-3J5] - 1886(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: ??? Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 155, 1915 -  early wireless experimenter; participant in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition; WW1; coastal wireless operator (VIE Esperance, VID Darwin, 1916) - Comment: don't confuse Otto Sandel of 2UW fame - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Radio Station, Esperance, WA, 1916); radio mechanic (Esperance, WA, 1922-1936); motor engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937-1949); retired (Esperance, WA, 1954-1977)

===''SANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sander|Sander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Sander|Sander, John Henry &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K6WF-H23] - 1906(WA)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MS Geraldton (1935-1937); 6MS Perth (Cannington, 1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1435, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wheelwright (Geraldton, WA, 1930); electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); telephone mechanic (South Perth, WA, 1937; Cannington, WA, 1943-1954)

===''SANDERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanders|Sanders, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Sanders|Sanders, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTP-ZYW] - 1910(Eng)-2007(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2AJG Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 13, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Waverley, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''SANDERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanderson|Sanderson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas George Sanderson|Sanderson, Douglas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WZJ-2K3] - 1924(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD); historian (broadcast); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Torwood, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Ashgrove, Qld, 1958-1968); engineer (Chermside, Qld, 1972; Windsor, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SANDFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandford|Sandford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Murray Sandford|Sandford, Samuel Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJV-XXG] - 1908(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3WJ Kyneton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 938, 1926 (Spark, Valve); COCP2 15, 1929; COCP1 276, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1937); radio (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1954); grazier (&quot;Maryvale&quot;, Kyneton, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''SANDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandham|Sandham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Keith Sandham|Sandham, James Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''SANDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sands|Sands, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roy Sands|Sands, William Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDQ-W31] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6BS Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947); 5BL Adelaide (Plympton, 1948-1960; Fullarton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2276, 1939, WA; AIR3 377, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1943)

===''SANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandy|Sandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Lionel Montague Sandy|Sandy, James Lionel Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFGG-54G] - 1885(NSW)-1917(France) - Licences: XBB Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Australian Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/322425 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1213369 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SANKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ewart Sankey|Sankey, Reginald Ewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCLB-ZSM] - 1908(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3XP Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1934-1939; Kilsyth, 1947-1954; Bayswater, 1955-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1318, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: springmaker (Canterbury, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1936-1943); agriculturalist (Kilsyth, Vic, 1949-1954; Bayswater North, Vic, 1963); retired (Boronia, Vic, 1968-1980)
===''SANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanson|Sanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. E. Sanson|Sanson, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCM Warrnambool (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SARGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sargent|Sargent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William George Holland Sargent|Sargent, William George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XF-NF9] - 1916(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3SC Camperdown (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1879, 1937, Vic; BOCP 762, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Camperdown, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Camperdown, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SAUNDERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Lewis Saunders|Saunders, Alfred Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-FMS] - 1909(SA)-2003(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923-1924); 5BX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1925-1939, 1946-1955; Plympton, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 223, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

===''SAW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saw|Saw, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick William Saw|Saw, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S9-JN3] - 1884(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923-1926; Victoria Park, 1927); 6DA Albany (1930-1931); 6DA Perth (Wanneroo, 1933; North Perth, 1937-1939); 6DA Northam (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 174, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Armadale, 1909); electrician (Beverley, 1916-1917; Armadale, 1921-1925; Albany, 1928-1931; Balkatta, 1936; Leederville, 1937; Kalgoorlie, 1937-1943); mechanic (North Perth, 1949); retired (Triggs Island, 1954)

* [[/Malcolm Henry Saw|Saw, Malcolm Henry ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCY-H9M] - 1921(WA)-1997(WA) - 6SM Perth (Doubleview, 1960-1980+), amateur operator (AOCP 3674, 1958, No. ?? in WA), WW2, engineer (Doubleview, 1972)

===''SAWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawers|Sawers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Victor Sawers|Sawers, Thomas Victor &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB45-1B9] - 1917(Vic)-2014(Qld)96yo - Licences: 3OG Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1930); 3AOG Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969; Strathmore, 1975); 3AOG Barmah (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1921, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Essendon, Vic, 1942); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1949); aircraft inspector (Essendon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1963-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972); retired (Barmah, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SAWFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawford|Sawford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Francis Sawford|Sawford, Leonard Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7J-2XK] - 1908(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5DH Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); 5LF Adelaide (Peterhead, 1925-1928; West Croydon, 1931; Largs, 1937-1939); 5YF Adelaide (Glen Osmond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 173, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; agent (Largs, 1939) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Largs, SA, 1939-1941)

===''SAWYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawyer|Sawyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Edward Charles Sawyer|Sawyer, Wilfred Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTRM-271] - 1895(Vic)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 3KJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1924-1926; Hurstbridge, 1927); 4KJ Thursday Island (1948-1956); 4KJ Rockhampton (1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 131, 1915 (Telefunken); COCP2 151, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: radio (Malvern, Vic, 1919); biograph operator (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1921; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1922); postal employee (Kew, Vic, 1925-1926); telegraphist (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); retired (Rockhampton, Qld, 1963)

===''SAXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saxon|Saxon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Maurice Saxon|Saxon, Kenneth Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-4VZ] - 1922(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Henrietta (1939, 1954-1975); 7AI Yolla (1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2300, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Henrietta, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''SCANLON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scanlon|Scanlon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Scanlon|Scanlon, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCJ3-TFZ] - 1895(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ALH Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2ALH Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2241, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taree, NSW, 1930-1937; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/William Lawrence Scanlon|Scanlon, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKG-3XR] - 1901(Tas)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1921-1923); 7AL Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (Medhursts, Hobart to 1924, Launceston from 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SCARFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scarff|Scarff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Scarff|Scarff, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM62-8NC] - 1914(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1690, 1936, Vic; BOCP 79, 1937; COCP1 219, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Killed in vehicle accident - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); tester (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1954)

===''SCETRINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scetrine|Scetrine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Scetrine|Scetrine, Bert or Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-YNX] - 1915(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 3BI Ballarat (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 7BI Scottsdale (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2123, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Civil), services to community, 1976 - Electoral Rolls: radio electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1937); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''SCHAUMLOFFEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Johann Ludwig Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Johann Ludwig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-WNC] - 1918(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 2JM Broken Hill (1939, 1946-1947); 5LS Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1948; Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 174, 1938; AOCP 2309, 1939, NSW; COCP2 370, 1940; COCP1 429, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943)

===''SCHELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harley Irwin Schell|Schell, Harley Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-PV8] - 1907(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7AW Receive West Burnie (1922); Receive West Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kelso, 1936-1972)
===''SCHLEICHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schleicher|Schleicher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Schleicher|Schleicher, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D4-5RS] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4KS Brisbane (Toowong, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Alderley, 1948-1965; Aspley, 1969-1975; McDowall, 1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2144, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); radio employee (Tracksons, manager service); business proprietor (Blue &amp; White Cabs comms) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Alderley, Qld, 1949-1963); radio engineer (Aspley, Qld, 1968-1972; McDowall, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SCHMIDT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ronald Frederick Schmidt|Schmidt, Ronald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88P-1B9] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LY Trafalgar (1930); 3LY Moe (1931); 3LY Sale (1933-1939, 1946-1948); 3LY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 567, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 69, 1932; 1COCP 72, 1936; TVOCP 75, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sale, 1934-1937); radio technician (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Camberwell, 1954-1980)

===''SCHNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schnell|Schnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fred H. Schnell|Schnell, Fred H.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZH-QK1] - 1890(USA)-1957(USA) - Licences: W1MO - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; third permanent employee of ARRL; seconded to US Navy for the fleet visit to Australia in 1925; supervised the construction of a powerful shortwave set on the battleship Seattle &amp; worked the set during the cruise making numerous international contacts - Links: [[Fred_Schnell|Wikipedia]]; [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4180204 IRE Special Issue Radio Pioneers (5)MB)]

===''SCHNITZERLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Francis Joseph Schnitzerling|Schnitzerling, Leonard Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G885-W43] - 1907(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Warwick (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2099, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, 1928-1968)

===''SCHOFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schofield|Schofield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Schofield|Schofield, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-69N] - 1874(Eng)-1971(WA)97yo - Licences: 6WS Perth (Peppermint Grove, 1935-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1463, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1919); broker (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1922-1968)

===''SCHOLTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scholtz|Scholtz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy James Scholtz|Scholtz, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73F-ZL5] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SI Sydney (Bondi, 1935; Woollahra, 1936; Wentworthville, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1938; Strathfield, 1939; Willoughby, 1947; Strathfield, 1948-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 32, 1935; COCP1 1519, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waverley, NSW, 1933); electrical contractor (Wentworthville, NSW, 1933-1934); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1935-1936); police constable (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Strathfield, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); police officer (Coogee, NSW, 1968; Saratoga, NSW, 1977); retired (Gosford, NSW, 1980)

===''SCHOLZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hans Scholz|Scholz, Hans &quot;Harold&quot; / &quot;Harry&quot; / &quot;Tibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-CV3] - 19??(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1931); 4HR Nambour (1933); 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937); 4HR Gladstone (1937-1939); 4HR Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 784, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; South Brisbane RC; Brisbane DX Club); broadcast technician (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, 1937); mechanic (Dalby, 1943); not stated (Morningside, 1949-1968)

===''SCHULTZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Nelson Schultz|Schultz, Leonard Nelson &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJY-QBF] - 1906(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1922); 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1930); 2ANM Sydney (Mosman, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 171, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 45, 1931; 3AIR 176, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (co-designed 2GB, 1926; involved 2CA, 4BH, 2MW, 5DN); professional associations (IRE: foundation member, vice-president, president); aviator (Royal Aero Club NSW, committee) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting engineer (Mosman, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, 1949-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2LO-2ANM - Leonard Nelson Schultz&quot;

===''SCHULTZE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schultze|Schultze, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Edwin Ludwig Schultze|Schultze, John Edwin Ludwig or John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTB-9FL] - 1906(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Receive Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1923-1924); 3JS Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1925-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 163, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1937-1954); supervisor (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''SCOTLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotland|Scotland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Henry Scotland|Scotland, Leonard Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKT-6ZL] - 1909(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABV Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947-1948; Randwick, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); bus conductor (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); driver (Randwick, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''SCOTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotney|Scotney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Roy Scotney|Scotney, Hubert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCV-KP5] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Auburn, 1931-1933; Leichhardt, 1934-1937; Dulwich Hill, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 868, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salvation army officer (Bulimba, Qld, 1925; Armidale, NSW, 1930; Auburn, NSW, 1933; Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1943; Marrickville, NSW, 1949-1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1968; Connells Point, NSW, 1972; Belfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scott|Scott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil John Scott|Scott, Alfred Cecil John &quot;Cecil&quot;, &quot;Cec&quot;, &quot;Scottie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M12J-9YK] - 1888(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Launceston (1923); 7CS Launceston (1925-1931); 7CS Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1933; Sandy Bay, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 56, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well-known for comic QSL cards - Electoral Rolls: bench clerk (Nelson, 1936; Hobart South, 1943-1954)

* [[/A. P. Scott|Scott, A. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJEE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ernest Kilburn Scott|Scott, Ernest Kilburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBDW-TBR] - 1868(Eng)-1941(Eng) - Came to Sydney in 1905 to organise electrical engineering department of University of Sydney, likely early wireless experimenter, promoted need for wireless telegraphy for Australia, returned to England ca 1910 - [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Ernest_Kilburn_Scott Graces Guide - Ernest Kilburn Scott]

* [[/Francis Ladner Scott|Scott, Francis Ladner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHK-DTF] - 1899(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4BO Thursday Island (1933); 2UH Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1936; Naremburn, 1937-1938; La Perouse, 1939 - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 419, 1918; 2COCP 360, 1931; 1COCP 33, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator; military (UK Merchant Navy post WW1) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1925); radio telegraphist (Pinkenba, Qld, 1929; Thursday Island, Qld, 1931; Randwick, NSW, 1935; Waverton, NSW, 1943; Wyndham, WA, 1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

* [[/George Archibald Scott|Scott, George Archibald &quot;Scotty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G682-TGN] - 1882(Eng)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 607, 1921; 1COCP 181, 1931 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); PMGD (radio inspector, WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as radio inspector, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, 1913-1914; Hendra, 1915-1917); radio inspector (Fremantle, 1925-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84253651 Bio]

* [[/George Clement Scott|Scott, George Clement or Clement George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FB-6R6] - 1903(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2206, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: forestry employee (Mundaring, WA, 1931); labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1968); director (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Herbert Godfrey Scott|Scott, Herbert Godfrey &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-JFJ] - 1902(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4HS Toowoomba (1931-1937); 4HS Brisbane (Albion, 1938-1939; 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 750, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1925-1936; Albion, 1943-1968)

* [[/Jack Bartlett Scott|Scott, Jack Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-FLR] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NR Sydney (Epping, 1930-1934); 2AJX Sydney (Cheltenham, 1938-1939; Epping, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 685, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Epping, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Carlingford, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/J. L. Scott|Scott, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2QW Receive Sydney (CBD, 1923); 2YM Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Keith Victor Scott|Scott, Keith Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-QZH] - 1911(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3SS Maffra (1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3SS Melbourne (Noble Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1857, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railways (Northcote, Vic, 1931); railway employee (Maffra, Vic, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Maffra, Vic, 1949-1954); retailer (Noble Park, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Maffra, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Robert Ochiltree Scott|Scott, Robert Ochiltree]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-5SX] - 1898(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 2RS Gundagai (1929-1931); 2RS Balranald (1933); 3OS Scotsburn (1937-1939); 3OS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 476, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Ballarat, 1920-1924); farmer (Murrayville, 1925-1927; Gundagai, 1930); mechanic (South Yarra, 1943; Melbourne, 1949)

* [[/Robert Townley Scott|Scott, Robert Townley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7YC-MBK] - 1841(Eng)-1922(Qld) - senior state public servant (secretary, Qld Post &amp; Telegraph Dept), senior federal public servant (secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)

* [[/W. F. Scott|Scott, W. F.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane (West End) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 334, 1927, No. 37 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: likely father of H. S. Scott who was reported youngest ever to pass AOCP at age 16 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter Dawson Scott|Scott, Walter Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6S-G96] - 1909(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6WD Northam (1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2423, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: night station-master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1937); assistant stationmaster (Mullewa, WA, 1943); railway employee (Northam, WA, 1949); WAGR (Northam, WA, 1954); stationmaster (Station House, Bridgetown, WA, 1958); railway officer (Merredin, WA, 1963); stationmaster (Collie, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Gwlp, WA, 1977; Mnra, WA, 1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Scott|Scott, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76Z-11G] - 1904(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923); 5HS Clare (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1888, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clare, SA, 1939); telephone mechanic (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943)

===''SCRIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scriven|Scriven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Allenby Scriven|Scriven, James Allenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4H-CM6] - 1918(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5SN Adelaide (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2142, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SEBIRE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Dudley Sebire|Sebire, Leon Dudley &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-QX5] - 1932(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3CF Melbourne (Wandin North, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 1319, 1955; 1COCP 1786, 1955 - amateur operator; director Telstra Broadcasting Branch - Relationships: son of 3MX Percival John Sebire - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wandin Yallock, 1954); engineer (Mordialloc, 1963-1980)  - Awards: Member Order of Australia &quot;For service to communications, particularly broadcasting&quot; (1991)
* [[/Percival John Sebire|Sebire, Percival John &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFD-Z2R] - 1904(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3MX Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 692, 1930, Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 3CF Leon Dudley Sebire - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1926; Bentleigh, 1928-1936; Cheltenham, 1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1980)

===''SEBLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William John Sebley|Sebley, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-7VL] - 1894(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4WS Ipswich (1931-1939, 1946-1948); Southport (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 736, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Ipswich, 1915; North Ipswich, 1919-1949; Southport, 1954-1968);

===''SECCOMBE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Louis Mervyn Seccombe|Seccombe, Louis Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PW-XWM] - 1895(Tas)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3KT Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922-1923); 3KT Melbourne (East Kew, 1924; Ascot Vale, 1924-1925; Hawksburn, 1926; East Malvern, 1927); 2KT Sydney (Rockdale, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 396, 1940 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1919); commercial traveller (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1924); radio engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); wireless operator (Longreach, Qld, 1943); communications officer (Hurstville, 1949-1963); - Comment: Surname sometimes misspelled Secombe
===''SEELIGSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Edward Seeligson|Seeligson, Nathaniel Edward &quot;Nattie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-7RF] - 1907(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 6DF Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West Perth, WA, 1931); journalist (Carlton South, Vic, 1936-1937); teacher (Foster, Vic, 1943; St Kilda, Vic, 1949); journalist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic,  1954)

===''SELBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George William Selby|Selby, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCTW-BMT] - 1858(Vic)-1949(Vic) - early wireless and X-ray experimenter
* [[/Robert Henry Selby|Selby, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N8-MDP] - 1904(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6CW Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Government employee (Subiaco, WA, 1928); tester (Redcliffe, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Applecross, WA, 1972-1980)

===''SELF''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Edward Self|Self, Thomas Edward]] - 1854(???)-19??(???) - b. 7 Jan 1854, Early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, demonstration before Royal Society 1898, beware another Thomas Edward Self (b. 9 Oct 1853) in Hobart at the same time
===''SELFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Giles Turner Selfe|Selfe, Harry Giles Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K24M-5XB] - 1894(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 157, 1915; 1COCP 51, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2; RANVR (commissioned telegraphist, 1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Geraldton, WA, 1918; Broome, WA, 1922; Leichhardt, NSW, 1933; Darling Harbour, NSW, 1934-1937)
===''SELLENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellenger|Sellenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Charles Sellenger|Sellenger, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VT-5GJ] - 1902(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2DC Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 700, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hurstville, 1930-1963)

===''SELLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellick|Sellick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Ronald Sellick|Sellick, Claude Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G32V-NX6] - 1913(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5RQ Adelaide (Prospect, 1947-1956; Woodville South, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2179, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Hyde Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Edward Sellick|Sellick, Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''SELMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold George Selman|Selman, Harold George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRM4-3S8] - 1907(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Geelong (1925); 3GN Chilwell (1926); 3GN Geelong (1927); 3GN Melbourne (West Coburg, 1931); 3GN Geelong (1933); 3CM Geelong (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 164, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coburg, Vic, 1931); radio dealer (Geelong, 1936-1954); fitter (Newcomb, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''SEMMENS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Segbert Cornwall Semmens|Semmens, George Segbert Cornwall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G744-HQ5] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJCY Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914); V756 Receive (1922); 3GZ Receive Buln Buln East (1922); 3GS Laver's Hill (1925-1926); 3GS Queenstown (1927); 3GS Moreland (1931); 3GS Foxhow (1933); Melbourne (Essendon (1937-1939); Glen Iris (1946-1960); Clematis, 1965-1975); 3AEN Melbourne (Clematis, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 216, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Coburg, 1928; Preston, 1931; Essendon, 1936); res. chemist (Glen Iris, 1943-1963); technical adviser (Clematis, 1968-1977)

===''SERLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serle|Serle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Serle|Serle, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-SC8] - 1910(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939; Elwood, 1946-1947); 3ARX Melbourne (Windsor, 1948-1956; Caulfield, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 443, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1934; Kew, Vic, 1936; Toorak, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942; Prahran, Vic, 1949; Caulfield South, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''SERPELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serpell|Serpell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Serpell|Serpell, Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CR-S4F] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3UV Melbourne (Canterbury, 1947; Camberwell, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2306, 1939, Vic; BOCP 189, 1938; COCP2 514, 1941; TVOCP 76, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968); technician (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SETFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Setford|Setford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Richard Setford|Setford, Howard Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-YN6] - 1911(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 836, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1934-1937); journalist (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); laminex specialist (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963); representative (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''SEWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sewell|Sewell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Kenneth Sewell|Sewell, Ian Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB51-5V1] - 1918(Eng)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3IK Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2154, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Sewell|Sewell, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4K-NDN] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CD Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931); manager (Leederville, WA, 1936-1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1954; Applecross, WA, 1963-1977); technical adviser (Applecross, WA, 1980)

* [[/Percy Lambert Holt Sewell|Sewell, Percy Lambert Holt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDM1-YB1] - 1900(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Receive Sydney (Paddington, 1922); 2CJ Sydney (Paddington, 1922-1925; Darlinghurst, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fire Station, Mittagong, 1930-1935; Mittagong, 1936-1937; Kempsey, 1943); installation inspector (Queanbeyan, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2CJ - Percy Lambert Holt Sewell&quot;

===''SEYLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Jakob Seyler|Seyler, Albert Jakob or Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-F5N] - 1913(Ger)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Luftwaffe); radar engineer; television researcher; PMGD Research Laboratories (Assistant Director General) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mt Waverley, 1963; Burwood, 1968); PMG (Croydon, 1972); assistant director (Emerald, 1977) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/seyler-albert-jakob-11660 ADB]

===''SHANNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shannon|Shannon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Henry Shannon|Shannon, Francis Henry &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT44-ZTB] - 1910(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4SN Allora (1938-1939); 4SN Tamborine (1946-1947); 4SN Minden (1948-1956); 4SN Ipswich (East Ipswich, 1960-1969; Ipswich CBD, 1975); 4SN Toowoomba (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2145, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC; WIA; Qld Listeners' League); journalist (AR, VK4 Notes) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Goomburra, Qld, 1936-1937; Meringandan, Qld, 1943); teacher (Minden, Qld, 1949-1954; East Ipswich, Qld, 1958-1968; Ipswich, Qld, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Hugh Martindale Shannon|Shannon, Hugh Martindale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FB-4K6] - 1898(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: XJDD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Air Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1977; Hampton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Vincent Joseph Shannon|Shannon, Vincent Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-PS4] - 1904(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1719, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Caboolture, Qld, 1925); postal clerk (Mitchell, Qld, 1928; Roma, Qld, 1930-1936; Bowen, Qld, 1937-1963); radio technician (Woody Point, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''SHARLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Bernard Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBX7-29B] - 1902(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 696, 1922 (Marconi); COCP1 20, 1930 - radio telegraphist, WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); Radio Technician (Killara, NSW, 1933; Warringah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Killara, NSW, 1954); engineer (Killara, NSW, 1958-1972)
* [[/Arthur Henry Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Henry &quot;Chilla&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-ZKS] - 1909(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4SD Brisbane (Boondall, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Ekibin, 1954); 4SD Cloncurry (1955); 4SD Brisbane (Wynnum North, 1956); 4SD Rockhampton (1960); 4SD Yeppoon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1807, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless operator); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Boondall, Qld, 1937-1943); Commonwealth officer (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954); communications officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1963; Yeppoon, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (Causeway via Yeppoon, Qld, 1980)

===''SHARP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Charles Sharp|Sharp, John James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-TZV] - 1897(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3KA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 591, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Prahran Gardens, 1919-1924; Caulfield, 1928-1972)

===''SHARPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Victor Sharpe|Sharpe, Frank Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMD2-GVZ] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4AZ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1924-1929; Ashgrove, 1930-1937; Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 4ZFS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1975); 4FV Brisbane (Clayfield, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 20, 1924, No. 4 in Qld; AOCP Q112, 1975 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (RSQ, WIAQ); military (AMF) - Awards: C.M.G.; O.B.E. - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Wooloowin, 1925-1929); director (Ashgrove, 1934-1937); soldier (Ashgrove, 1943); machinist (likely typo for merchant) (Clayfield, 1949); merchant (Clayfield, 1954-1980)

===''SHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald John Shaw|Shaw, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-ZDZ] - 1872(NSW)-1916(Vic) - XPO King Island (1911); X?? Sydney (Randwick), early wireless experimenter, proprietor Maritime Wireless Telegraph Co of Australasia (1910+) with Edward Hope Kirkby, technical specialist - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/shaw-archibald-john-8404 ADB] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199003.pdf EA]
* [[/J. G. Shaw|Shaw, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Chelmer, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw|Shaw, Raymond Herbert Preston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3J-J31] - 1901(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2LY Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922-1923); 2LY Sydney (Woolahra, 1924-1929; South Kensington, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 664, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kensington, 1930-1931; Vaucluse, 1932-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2LY - Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw&quot;
* [[/Sidney Alexander Shaw|Shaw, Sidney Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFJY-4NH] - 1882(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6AI Perth (East Guildford, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant station master (Woolgangee, WA, 1916-1917); railway officer (East Guildford, WA, 1925-1926); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1930-1931); station master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1943); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1972)

===''SHAWSMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Alan &quot;Smithy&quot; or Alan Shaw Smith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37T-B3Y] - 1917(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4SA Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1935-1939); 4SS Brisbane (West End, -1952-2010) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1582, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; historian (amateur); journalist; broadcast engineer (ABC2); public servant (ABC2) - Relationships: Father of 4JSS Steven Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Salisbury, Qld, 1943); radio mechanic (West End, Qld, 1949); builder (West End, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Steven Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Steven &quot;Steve&quot;]] - Licences: 4JSS Brisbane - Qualifications:  (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4SA-4SS Alan Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls:

===''SHEARER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Anderson Shearer|Shearer, Gordon Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5G-JW4] - 1907(Qld)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 4FU Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923-1924); 4GA Gayndah (1930); 4GA Mt Nebo (1931-1934); 4GA Cloncurry (Quamby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 447, 1928, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 95, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (school teacher); state public servant (Qld Dept Education); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Quamby, Qld, 1937; Westbrook, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1949); communications officer (Cloncurry, 1954); supervisor (Surrey Hills, 1963-1968); retired (Vermont, 1972-1980)
===''SHEARSTONE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vincent Leonard Shearstone|Shearstone, Vincent Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G895-CYJ] - 1916(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: BOCP 4, 1936 - WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Albury, 1937); radio announcer (Goulburn, 1943); radio electrician (Goulburn, 1949-1980)
===''SHELDRICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Cornwell Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Eric Cornwell &quot;Shel&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-X2X] - 1903(Eng)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7BH Receive Launceston (1923); 7BH Launceston (1924-1926); 7BT Launceston (1927); 7BM Launceston (1931-1939); 7DM Burnie (1948-1954); 7DN Stowport (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 60, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Launceston, 1928-1943)

===''SHELLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shelley|Shelley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Hamilton Shelley|Shelley, George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-2H4] - 1909(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2QF Sydney (Crows Nest, 1935-1937; Newport Beach, 1938-1939; Waverton, 1946-1948; Newport, 1950-1975); 2ABK Sydney (Newport Beach, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1469, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Newport Beach, NSW, 1936-1954); radio technician (Newport, NSW, 1958-1968; Newport Beach, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Max Robert Shelley|Shelley, Max Robert or Robert Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPR-K4X] - 1895(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XDG Sydney (Henley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 4th Battalion, Lieutenant, 1915-1917; Aust Flying Corps, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: decorator (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''SHELLSHEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shellshear|Shellshear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Guy Shellshear|Shellshear, Walter Guy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DZ-F7R] - 1887(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: XIN Walla (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cardiff, NSW, 1930-1932; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1969)

===''SHENFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shenfield|Shenfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Kennerley Shenfield|Shenfield, Clarence Kennerley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYG-GS1] - 1907(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Cobden (1933-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1206, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1968); casual worker (Cobden, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Cobden, Vic, 1980)

===''SHENTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Hilton Shenton|Shenton, Maurice Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67C-Q1B] - 1903(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Receive Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: irrigation ganger (Bald Hills, 1925); assistant stream gauger (North Ipswich, 1928); public servant (Annerley, 1937)
===''SHEPARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arundel Elmore Shepard|Shepard, Arundel Elmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8HX] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5DC Adelaide (Norwood, 1928-1930; Kent Town, 1931-1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Toorak East, 1946-1965; Heathpool, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 393, 1928, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 136, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPHERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shepherd|Shepherd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. A. Shepherd|Shepherd, H. A.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQD Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPPARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheppard|Sheppard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Horace Sheppard|Sheppard, William Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNTF-2R5] - 1911(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1933; Burwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 744, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: woolbuyer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); buyer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); woolbuyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''SHERIDAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheridan|Sheridan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Vincent Sheridan|Sheridan, Kevin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GT-CK3] - 1918(Qld)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2296, 1939, Qld; BOCP 344, 1940; COCP1 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, for Public Service to Science particularly in the Field of Radiophysics - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sandgate, Qld, 1941; Shorncliff, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1958); physicist (Rose Bay, NSW, 1963-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SHERLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherlock|Sherlock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Henry Sherlock|Sherlock, Keith Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-8S8] - 1916(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2TQ Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1937; Ermington, 1938-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946-1948); 2TQ Londonderry (!950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1655, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ermington, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Londonderry, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Ermington, NSW, 1958); instructor (Carlingford, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1968); technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977); retired (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1980)

===''SHERRIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherriff|Sherriff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest George Sherriff|Sherriff, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K877-WTX] - 1904(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4SU Brisbane (Fairfield, 1935-1937; Hawthorne, 1938-1939; Brisbane City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1464, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brisbane South, Qld, 1928); instructor of printing (Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''SHIEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 997, 1932, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shield|Shield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Wyndham Shield|Shield, John Wyndham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-L3G] - 1919(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6SX Perth (Nedlands, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2265, 1939, WA; COCP2 494, 1941; COCP1 550, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (University Hostel, Nedlands, WA, 1949); lecturer (Nedlands, WA, 1958-1980)

===''SHIELDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shields|Shields, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Edward Shields|Shields, Arthur James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCT-D5G] - 1894(Eng)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3GP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1939; North Balwyn, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 690, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (East Melbourne, 1925-1927; Malvern East, 1928; Camberwell, 1931-1933); auditor (Malvern East, 1934-1936); retired (Ringwood, 1943)

===''SHIPLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shipley|Shipley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Shipley|Shipley, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVG-LQF] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2WR Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1936; Vaucluse, 1937; Potts Point, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1947; Bondi Junction, 1948; Epping, 1950-1980+); 2QW Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 937, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Bondi, NSW, 1933); projectionist (Five Dock, NSW, 1934); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1935; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); radio &amp; electrical engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949-1968); radio electrician (Epping, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SHOEMAKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G828-7LL] - 1879(USA)-1932(USA) - American inventor and pioneer radio engineer, developer of Shoemaker wireless system, associated with Gehring companies, International Telegraph Construction Co (represented in Australia by John William Ormsby Hamilton, who promoted the Shoemaker system here), United Wireless Telegraph Co, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co of America, Mallory companies - Links: [[w:Harry Shoemaker|Wikipedia]]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0026.pdf PIRE1]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0027.pdf PIRE2]

===''SHOESMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoesmith|Shoesmith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Walter Shoesmith|Shoesmith, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9W-XM4] - 1923(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALY Sydney (Eastwood, 1939; Manly, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2273, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Manly, NSW, 1949); farmer (Upper Coopers Creek, NSW, 1954; Tascott, NSW, 1958-1963); surveyor (Corinda, Qld, 1969-1980)

===''SHORING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Samuel Shoring|Shoring, Thomas Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-NDG] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4SR Bundaberg (1937-1939; 4SR Brisbane (New Farm, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1872, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936-1937); salesman (Bundaberg, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (New Farm, Qld, 1954; Holland Park, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''SHORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Short|Short, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Alban Short|Short, Alfred Alban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTS-9QQ] - 1904(NSW)-1946(NT) - Licences: 2SH Newcastle (Lambton, 1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 280, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Lambton, 1930-1943)

* [[/Ormond Short|Short, Ormond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VHH-SGM] - 1901(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1928; Horsham, 1931-1972); engineer (Horsham, 1977)

* [[/Walter Short|Short, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AJ Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922); 2AJ Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924; Kirribilli, 1924; Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Note: several contemporaneous WSs, insufficient data to identify

* [[/William Newton Short|Short, William Newton &quot;Newt&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97J-HMM] - 1897(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ARA Sydney (Auburn, 1948-1954; Beacon Hill, 1955-1958; Auburn, 1960-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965); 2AOW Sydney (Auburn, 1957-1958) - Qualifications: AOCP 2829, 1948, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Ulmarra, 1930-1934); shopkeeper (Coraki, 1935-1936); munition worker (Mayfield, 1943); machinist (Auburn, 1949-1958); inspector (Beacon Hill, 1963)

===''SHORTELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Charles Shortell|Shortell, Raymond Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMQ-4HQ] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 3VB Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3RS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1933); 3RS Shepparton (1937-1939); 3ARF Geelong West (1948-1954); 3ARF Melbourne (Croydon, 1955-1960; Hawthorn, 1965-1975); 4ARS Gold Coast (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 77, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 171, 1934; TVOCP 332, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1925-1934); radio engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1942); manufacturer (Geelong North, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Croydon, Vic, 1954); TV technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972); retired (Chevron Island, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SHORTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eddy Wilbee Shorten|Shorten, Eddy Wilbee or Welbee or Wiebec &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWN4-MZM] - 1899(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4TS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 908, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor) - Comment: Middle name variable; Birth Welbee; Marriage Wiebec; Death Wilbe; AOCP Wilbee - Electoral Rolls:
===''SHORTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4HF Camooweal (1933-1939); 5SR Tennant Creek (1947-1948); 5SR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1954; New Hindmarsh, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1193, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHUTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shute|Shute, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Elliott Stewart Shute|Shute, Robert Elliott Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF5T-CJ5] - 1899(NSW)-1922(NSW) - Licences: XCE Sydney (Strathfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Field Artillery Reinforcements)  - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; (passed from rugby injury age 23yo

===''SIBLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sibly|Sibly, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5R-MH6] - 1897(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XYX Perth (North Perth, 1913-1914); 6AF Receive Perth (City, 1923); 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1923-1924; Inglewood, 1924); 2SB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 32, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) (recorded Sibley) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly; brother of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (North Perth, 1919-1922); manager (Albion, Qld, 1936; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); retired (Rose Bay, 1963-1972)

* [[/Clifton Archibald Sibly|Sibly, Clifton Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K41R-3JQ] - 1894(SA)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 225, 1915 - likely early wireless experimenter with brother Arthur's licence - Relationships: brother of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; uncle of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly - Electoral Rolls: farrier (North Perth, 1915-1937)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKF-F7R] - 1926(NSW)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 2ASY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1954; Kingsgrove, 1957-1965); 3AUV Melbourne (Eltham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 945, 1945; BOCP 1049, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; nephew of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Kingsgrove, 1958-1963); clerk (Eltham, Vic, 1968-1977; Queanbeyan, 1980)

===''SIDEBOTTOM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Geoffrey Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-KGH] - 1902(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: 7BB Receive Launceston (1922); Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of 7SK Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1928-1954) 
* [[/Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Maxwell Douglas Langford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-5QY] - 1922(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7SK Hobart (Newtown, 1948); 7SK Howrah (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2830, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Relationships: son of 7BB Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: sound engineer (New Town, 1949); mechanic (Bateau Bay, NSW, 1980)
===''SIDEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Longfield Sidey|Sidey, Robert Longfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-3P6] - 1874(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2CB James Douglas Kay Sidey - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Lindfield, 1930-1949)

* [[/James Douglas Kay Sidey|Sidey, James Douglas Kay or Douglas James Kay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-35P] - 1904(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Receive Sydney (Lindfield, 1922-1923); 2CB Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925); 2CB Boorowa (1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2ZY Robert Longfield Sidey - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Bethungra, 1943-1949); no occupation (Junee, 1954)

===''SIEVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest William Sievers|Sievers, Ernest William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNJD-8MJ] - 1901(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1165, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 9, 1934; 1COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Kelvin Grove, 1925); night officer (Oakey, 1930); railway night officer (Narangba, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Ascot, 1943; Clayfield, 1949-1958)
* [[/William Frederick Sievers|Sievers, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-NDS] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CB Receive Melbourne (East Richmond, 1922-1923); 3CB Melbourne (East Richmond &amp; South Yarra, 1924-1939, 1946-1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 165, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Richmond, 1931-1943); reader (South Yarra, 1949-1963); meter reader (Toorak, 1972-1980)

===''SIGAL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sigal|Sigal, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Louis Sigal|Sigal, Harold Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4R-XFJ] - 1908(SA)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Woollahra, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 253, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Militia, Signals, 1934-1937) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1931); electrician (Auburn North, NSW, 1933; Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943; Woolowin, Qld, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954; Kensington, NSW, 1958); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1963); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1968); retired (Vaulcuse, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SIGMONT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Sigmont|Sigmont, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD58-221] - 1883(NSW)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Auburn, Vic, 1917; Elsternwick, 1924-1937; Seaford, 1942);

===''SILBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Clive Silby|Silby, Arthur Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8B6-PSD] - 1894(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 (Australian Wireless Squadron) [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911865/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-embarkation-roll/] - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Exeter, 1939-1943)

===''SILVER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Leslie Silver|Silver, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94HC-LTV] - 1904(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4FL Brisbane (Morningside, 1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2086, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Morningside, Qld, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMONDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur George Simmonds|Simmonds, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DL-234] - 1906(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2GS Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1934); 2GS Murwillumbah (1935-1939); 4PG Bundaberg (1946-1948); 2APJ Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1955; Caringbah, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 590, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 207, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Arncliffe, 1933); gardner (Arncliffe, 1935); radio engineer (Murwillumbah, 1935-1937); technician (4BU Kalkie, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ernest John Simmonds|Simmonds, Ernest John]] - 19??(Eng)-19??(Eng) - G2OD Gerrard's Cross, Buckinghamshire, England, amateur operator, first to two way QSO Australia (Nov 1924, 3BQ)

===''SIMMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simmons|Simmons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Fisher Simmons|Simmons, Alexander Fisher]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HL-5MY] - 1906(WA)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3TQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1956; South Yarra, 1960; Bayswater, 1965-1969; Boronia, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2394, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Bayswater, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Trethowan Simmons|Simmons, Henry Trethowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4M3-BP4] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6KX Perth (Subiaco, 1925-1928; Mt Lawley, 1931-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; West Perth, 1954-1955; Mt Pleasant, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 181, 1925, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1121, 1928; 2COCP 295, 1930; 1COCP 257, 1932 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maylands, 1931), radio engineer (Nedlands, 1936; West Perth, 1949), engineer (Fremantle, 1958; Mt Pleasant, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Simmons|Simmons, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBM-SKH] - 1907(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3LJ Melbourne (Belgrave, 1926-1931; East Prahran, 1933); 3LJ Rheola (1937-1939); 3LV Trafalgar (1948); 3LV Cheltenham (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 304, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Womerah, Yarram Yarram, Vic, 1928; Toolangi, Yea, Vic, 1931; Armadale, Vic, 1934-1936; Rheola, Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937; Nanneela West, Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Cheltenham, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simms|Simms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Wilkinson Simms|Simms, Eric Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XZ-9RN] - 1906(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1931; Caulfield, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 360, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Malvern, Vic, 1931); buyer (Caulfield, Vic, 1934; Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simpson|Simpson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Rae Simpson|Simpson, Allan Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCWN-35S] - 1912(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ASO Kyogle (1950-1954); 2ASO Sydney (Cammeray, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3011, 1949, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Wauchope, NSW, 1936; Dungog, NSW, 1937); postal clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1943; Kyogle, NSW, 1949-1954); monitor (Cammeray, NSW, 1958-1963); radio monitor (North Sydney, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Arthur Wellesley Simpson|Simpson, Arthur Wellesley]] - 1899(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2ZJ Duri (1923-1926); 2ZJ Sydney (Five Dock, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 480, 1919 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1930-1936); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1937-1968)

* [[/Benjamin Simpson|Simpson, Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHH-BTH] - 1911(Sct)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: 3SM Melbourne (Richmond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Richmond, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1673948 AWM Roll of Honour]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=517 HMAS Sydney Virtual Memorial]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/rollcontent/517/517a.pdf Lorraine Simpson summary] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Charles William Arthur Simpson|Simpson, Charles William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMD-3Q3] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3IN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2022, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); technician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Edward Morris Simpson|Simpson, Edward Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJYV-NFF] - 1915(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ES Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1947; North Sydney, 1948-1961; Wahroonga, 1965; West Killara, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 772, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1943; North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1958); shipping officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1963; Killara, NSW, 1968); shipping (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Blythe Simpson|Simpson, Harry Blythe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-CZ3] - 1920(???)-2013(WA) - Licences: 6HS Perth (Leederville, 1937-1939; Mt Lawley, 1947-1948; Nedlands, 1954-1969; Lesmurdie, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2060, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Claremont, WA, 1949-1968); marketing manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1972); manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Simpson|Simpson, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8H-8N4] - 1873(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XACF Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Newtown, NSW, 1903; Randwick, NSW, 1913); grocer (Newington, NSW, 1930-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Robert Simpson|Simpson, Leslie Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-4VD] - 1901(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Ararat (1925-1933); 3SA Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 44, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922; Ararat, Vic, 1924-1943); mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Allen Simpson|Simpson, Robert Allen &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-FWT] - 1912(SA)-1996(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2314, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leigh Simpson|Simpson, Thomas Leigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBBW-8Q3] - 1895(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3II Dunkeld (1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2217, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Aust Flying Corps, 1915-1917; RAF, 1918); (WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer at WW1 enlistment (1915); grazier (Dunkeld, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''SIMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Sims|Sims, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MK-NXC] - 1907(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 344, 1927, No. 38 in Qld; 2COCP 16, 1934 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (RAAF Point Cook, 1931-1934); QANTAS air pilot (Brisbane, 1936-1937); public servant (Box Hill, 1963) - Comment: several contemporaneous Eric Charles Sims, need to sort electoral rolls

* [[/Ernest Leslie Arthur Sims|Sims, Ernest Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ6H-6PF] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (Preston, 1930-1933); 3ZA Apollo Bay (1937-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 622, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Preston, Vic, 1931; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1933-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SINCLAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinclair|Sinclair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bertram Sydney Charles Sinclair|Sinclair, Bertram Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M8W6-R4J] - 1906(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CY Receive Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1928; Buckland Hill, WA, 1931-1954; Kendenup, WA, 1958; Mt Barker, WA, 1963)

* [[/Laurence Ernest Sinclair|Sinclair, Laurence Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PJ-G15] - 1913(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1975; Gorokan, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1566, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Canterbury, NSW, 1935-1949); telegraphist (Homebush, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Gorokan, NSW, 1980)

===''SINFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinfield|Sinfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Albert Sinfield|Sinfield, Andrew Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9W-W9R] - 1913(NSW)-1962(SA) - Licences: 2TZ Cootamundra (1933); 2TZ Wagga Wagga (1933-1936); 2AKT Sydney (Concord, 1939; Croydon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1088, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1311, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ganmain, NSW, 1935; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935); soldier (Croydon, NSW, 1943); technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''SINGLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Claude Paul Singleton|Singleton, Claude Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4JR-4SV] - 1914(WA)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4UX Theodore (1936-1939); 4UX Bundaberg (1946-1947); 4UX Stanthorpe (1948); 4UX Atherton (1954-1955); 4UX Malanda (1956); 4UX Ayr (1960); 4UX Childers (1965); 4UX St George (1969); 4UX Gracemere (1975); 4UX Dalby (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1638, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4QW, 4QO, 4QW, 4RK, 4QS); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Theodore, Qld, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Yungaburra, Qld, 1954); public servant (Gracemere, Qld, 1972)

===''SIRL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sirl|Sirl, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence William Charles Sirl|Sirl, Clarence William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89J-9LJ] - 1913(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6XG Katanning (1938-1939; 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 3, 1936; AOCP 2132, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Katanning, 1937-1968)

===''SKENE-SMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Skene-Smith|Skene-Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Skene-Smith, Alexander Bond - See Alexander Bond Skene Smith

===''SLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Irwin Slade|Slade, Charles Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDN1-G28] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3PZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2172, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1954); medical practitioner (St Kilda, 1967-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)
* [[/Charles William Slade|Slade, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3R-28W] - 1893(Eng)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2SX Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1925 (as H. C. Slade); 1925-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; English PMG Certificate 1st class - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN, 1909-1924); Wireless Weekly (technical editor, 1925-1928); Daily Telegraph (radio &amp; technical editor, 1928-1929); Keogh Radio (engineer, 1929-1930); Croydon Radio (proprietor, 1930-1933+) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer, R.A.N. (Croydon, 1943-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2SX - Charles William Slade&quot;

===''SLATER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. F. Slater|Slater, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Sheffield (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Harold Ivan Slater|Slater, Harold Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDT3-7JP] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Kelso (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: pastoralist (Kelso, Tas, 1919); labourer (Maypole Hotel, New Town, Tas); no occupation (Middle Park, Vic, 1926); airman (Point Cook, Vic, 1927; Middle Park, 1931); traveller (Elsternwick, 1936-1968)
===''SLATTERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slattery|Slattery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Patrick Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-KHF] - 1866(Irl)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St John's College, Camperdown; St Vincent's, Ashfield, 1930) - Links: [[w:Joseph Patrick Slattery|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/slattery-joseph-patrick-8453 ADB]

* [[/Joseph Samuel Francis Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Samuel Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVN-SSF] - 1894(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 50, 1915; CPRT 167, 1915; 2COCP 324, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1916; Esperance, WA, 1916; RAN radio station, Geraldton, 1917); travelling salesman (Stanthorpe, 1928-1930); traveller (Tamworth, 1932-1933; Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1935); commercial traveller (New Farm, 1936; Hamilton, Qld, 1937; Fairfield, Qld, 1949; West Sydney, 1949-1954); radio officer (Mascot, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''SLAWSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slawson|Slawson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Thomas Slawson|Slawson, George Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW2-T4D] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFN Sydney (Harbord, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; Croydon, 1960-1961; Homebush, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1835, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father also GTS - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1943-1958); public servant (Croydon, NSW, 1963; Strathfield West, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SLIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slight|Slight, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Alexander Burrough Slight|Slight, Arthur Alexander Burrough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBLQ-X4J] - 1902(Eng)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2DA Receive Sydney (Parramatta, 1922); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Parramatta, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Windsor, 1931-1938; Richmond, 1939, 1946-1950); 3AZA Ballarat (1954); 2ZA Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); MBE 1941; OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Richmond, NSW, 1949); RAAF Officer (RAAF Ballarat Camp, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qnum=1747&amp;qname=SLIGHT RAF MBE]

===''SLUTZKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Eliot Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert Eliot &quot;Bob&quot; or &quot;Bobbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGSK-21C] - 1917(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1956; Balaclava, 1960-1975; East St Kilda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2159, 1938, Vic; COCP1 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Balaclava, Vic, 1949); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1954-1963; Balaclava, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''SMALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Small|Small, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Small|Small, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBR-5P7] - 1907(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2QS Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1231, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Thomas Augustus Small|Small, Thomas Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2YV-RNM] - 1901(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2WS Murwillumbah (1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1222, 1933, NSW; BOCP 235, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); commercial traveller (Bellingen, NSW, 1930); salesman (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943); furniture retailer (Eastwood, NSW, 1949); grazier (Lower Quipolly, NSW, 1958-1963); representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1972)

===''SMART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smart|Smart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Smart|Smart, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHD-TNH] - 1891(NZ)-1980(NZ) - Licences: 4SM Barcaldine (1936-1937); 4SM Paterson (1938-1939); 4SM Longreach (1946-1948); 4SM Cairns (Cairns City, 1954-1956; Freshwater, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1625, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boiler attendant (Dunevia Station, Blackhall, Qld, 1913); motor engineer (Aramac, Qld, 1916-1925; Barcaldine, 1928-1937); freeholder (Longreach, Qld, 1943); mechanic (Longreach, Qld, 1949); farmer (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (Freshwater, Qld, 1963-1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977)

===''SMELLIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ellis Henry Smellie|Smellie, Ellis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-FDM] - 1893(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 218, 1930; 1COCP 240, 1931 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Applecross, 1925; Geraldton, 1931; Broome, 1936); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); radio officer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954; Blackburn, 1963-1980)

===''SMIBERT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, George]] - 1840(Sct)-1899(Vic) - clubs (founding member Telegraph Electrical Society Vic), employment (Postal Department Vic, chief electrician), brother of James Smibert Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, James]] - 1836(Sct)-1912(Vic) - employment (Postal Department Vic, Deputy Postmaster-General, appointed following early passing of Samuel Walker McGowan), created a nepotism scandal by early promotion of brother and brother-in-law to the most senior positions in Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs in the early 1890s, likely reason for the positioning of Qld appointees at the top of the Federal PMGD in 1901; the brother of George Smibert Chief Electrician, Postal Dept Vic

===''SMITH (A-L)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Smith, Alan Shaw - See Alan Shawsmith (change of name)

* [[/A. C. Smith|Smith, A. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJDO Matlock (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Specific individual not identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Alexander Bond Skene Smith|Smith, Alexander Bond Skene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRDG-J7D] - 1893(Eng)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1930-1933); 2SS Sydney (Narrabeen, 1948); 2SS Lawson (1950-1956); 2SS Blackheath (1957-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 294, 1930; COCP1 196, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous Alexander Smiths - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lennex Lonsdale Smith|Smith, Arthur Lennex Lonsdale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QQY-B84] - 1908(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1936-1939; Fairfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1702, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Fairfield, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Arthur Carrington Smith|Smith, Arthur Carrington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKV-VL2] - 1902(Tas)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Receive Launceston (1923); 7AB Launceston (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 8, 1924, No. ?? in Tas; CPRT 930, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (operator 7BN Wills &amp; Co wannabe Class B); recording engineer (Cinesound Productions Ltd, Bondi, 1932); inventor of sound-on-film systems - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Launceston, 1928); recording engineer (Bronte, 1931-1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); recording engineer (Clovelly, 1943-1949; Waverley, 1963-1968); engineer (Waverley, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;7BN-7AB - Arthur Carrington Smith&quot;

* [[/Austen Cyril Smith|Smith, Austen Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6N-JKF] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2FS Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1925; Burwood, 1925; Maroubra, 1930-1933; Homebush, 1933; Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 75, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio agent - Electoral Rolls: radio agent (Burwood, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Burwood, 1958-1963); retired (Lower Hawkesbury, 1972-1980)

* [[/A. J. Smith|Smith, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Harris Park, 1927-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/C. Smith|Smith, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BA Receive Stanley (1922); Receive Stanley (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Cedric Preston Smith|Smith, Cedric Preston or Preston-Smith, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BB-X47] - 1907(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Cremorne, 1924-1925); 2QK Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Balgowlah, 1937; Lane Cove, 1938-1939); 3QG Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948); 3QG Ballarat (1954-1956); 2CD Sydney (Cremorne, 1958-1961; Palm Beach, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1212, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bank accountant (Binnaway, NSW, 1930); bank officer (Manly, NSW, 1932; Balgowlah, NSW, 1934-1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949); bank manager (Ballarat, Vic, 1954; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Palm Beach, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZZ-2QK-2CD - Cedric Preston Smith&quot;

* [[/Charles Frederick Smith|Smith, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3J-B3F] - 1904(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: No licence yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 418, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1112, 1928; 2COCP 44, 1929 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: Several contemporaneous Charles Frederick Smith's, not yet identified

* [[/Claude Sargent Smith|Smith, Claude Sargent or Sarjent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLW-9HG] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2AHK Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939); 2ANZ Sydney (Pymble, 1969); 2ANZ Grafton (1975); 2ANZ Sydney (West Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1962, 1937, NSW; COCP2 157, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: wood machinist (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949); clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1958; Pymble, NSW, 1963-1968; Grafton, NSW, 1972; Pymble, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Colin Hughes Smith|Smith, Colin Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YH-LLB] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PK Melbourne (East Kew, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 433, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 90, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/George Edwin Smith|Smith, George Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJ3-BVR] - 1916(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3YG Melbourne (Brighton, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1960; Blackburn South, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1792, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); observer (Brighton, Vic, 1954); public servant (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Blackburn South, Vic, 1967); retired (Lilydale, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Leonard Frederick Smith|Smith, George Leonard Frederick or Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZR-5Q7] - 1913(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3FR Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939; St Kilda, 1947-1948; Montmorency, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1768, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1942); sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (Montmorency, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Herbert Henry Baker Smith|Smith, Herbert Henry Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFN-H6R] - 19??(???)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4DP Receive Cairns (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cairns, Qld, 1925-1930)

* [[/J. H. Smith|Smith, J. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EA Receive Beenleigh (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Albert Malcolm Smith|Smith, John Albert Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L264-537] - 1911(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5JR Adelaide (St Peters, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1375, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Smith|Smith, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMGD-VTK] - 1914(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AEJ Baradine (1936-1939, 1947-1950); 2AEJ Sydney (Waverley, 1954-1955; Lakemba, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1760, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JWSs - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Keith Howard Smith|Smith, Keith Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCN-ZH8] - 1915(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1939, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2396, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: Public Service Medal, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: university student (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1941; Clayfield, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Leslie Smith|Smith, Leslie]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DD Sydney (Concord, 1931; Homebush, 1931; Concord, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 726, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly Leslie Smith killed in truck accident 1936; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITH (M-Z)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Jeffrey Smith|Smith, Noel Jeffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PM-2B8] - 1919(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1495, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Canowindra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/P. W. Smith|Smith, P. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EF Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Raymond Sydney Smith|Smith, Raymond Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L176-XYF] - 1914(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Kew, 1937-1938); 2AJQ Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1938; Sans Souci, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2006, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RSSs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937); RAN (Toorak, Vic, 1943); process worker (Homebush, NSW, 1958); driver (Granville, NSW, 1963); labourer (Granville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Reginald George Smith| Smith, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6T-TLM] - 1888(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ACR Sydney (Turramurra, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2054, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster – Comment: Several contemporaneous RGSs - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Turramurra, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Richard John Smith|Smith, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-14B] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIU Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939, 1946-1969); 2AIU Tweed Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2026, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1333, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1933-1963); radio technician? (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Cecil Smith|Smith, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G134-ZFJ] - 1916(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YQ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2117, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1073, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943-1949; Blackburn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Rowland Anthony Godfrey Smith|Smith or Godfrey-Smith, Rowland Anthony Godfrey &quot;Tony&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHYR-N91] - 1919(NSW)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 2AMN Sydney (Wahroonga, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2326, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son-in-Law of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Northbridge, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

* [[/Sidney Arthur Smith|Smith, Sidney or Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MH-VHS] - 1917(???)-2008(WA)91yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2100, 1938, WA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Subiaco, WA, 1943); civil engineer (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1958; Bedford, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Hugh Holland Smith|Smith, Sidney Hugh Holland]] - 1861(???)-1933(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, senior state public servant (Qld P&amp;T, Chief Mechanician), senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Mechanician, Qld), radio clubs (QWI, vice president), business proprietor (Telephone and Electrical Supplies Co)

* [[/Stuart Disney Paull Smith|Smith, Stuart (Birth) or Stewart (Electoral Rolls) Disney Paull or Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDB-8D8] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4LA Brisbane (Corinda, 1934-1939); 4LA Amberley (1946-1948); 4LA Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1303, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (RAAF, navigator); broadcast technician (4BC); Dept Education (O/C Radio) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Corinda, Qld, 1936-1949); radio technician (New Farm, Qld, 1949); maintenance officer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Sydney Smith|Smith, Sydney]] - 1856(NSW)-1934(NSW) - senior state politician (NSW MLA), senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1904-1905)

* [[/Victor Leslie Smith|Smith, Victor Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXQW-Q5S] - 1916(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (Collingwood, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2029, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Collingwood, Vic, 1937-1949)

* [[/Wilfred Smith|Smith, Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRQ-PQ1] - 1896(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 602, 1921; 2COCP 419, 1941; 1COCP 882, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/William Arthur Smith|Smith, William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-XL9] - 1906(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Wallaroo (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 526, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Glenunga, 1939-1943) - beware several contemporaneous William Arthur Smith's

* [[/William Glanville Clement Smith|Smith, William Glanville Clement]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS5-JM9] - 1914(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2IV Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1013, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF Radio Officer (Penrith, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Orchard Hills, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William Henry Smith|Smith, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2V-L4R] - 1911(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5SW Adelaide (Woodville, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 5ASW Adelaide (Woodville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1996, 1937, SA; BOCP 431, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHSs - Electoral Rolls: operator (Woodville, SA, 1939)

* [[/W. J. Smith|Smith, W. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: N758 Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922); 2IC Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITHERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Charles Smithers|Smithers, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z1-GQ1] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 552, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector of fisheries (Urunga, 1930); inspector (Burwood, 1930-1949)

===''SMYTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Walter Smyth|Smyth, Cedric Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1C-4MX] - 1916(WA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 7CD Devonport (1933-1939); 3ACH Melbourne (Doncaster East, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1133, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Doncaster East, 1954-1977)
* [[/Victor Loftus Smyth|Smyth, Victor Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-P8L] - 1905(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Receive Geelong (1923); 3PJ Geelong (1924); 3PJ Bendigo (1924-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 126, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Bendigo, 1928-1972)
===''SMYTHE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Cresswell Smythe|Smythe, Alan (BMD) or Allan (Electoral Rolls) Cresswell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JQ-V9V] - 1908(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5MF Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Hazlewood Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 658, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 135, 1933; BOCP 125, 1937; 1COCP 196, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SNADDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaddon|Snaddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Ernest Snaddon|Snaddon, John Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLF-B75] - 1920(Eng)-1944(Aegean Sea) - Licences: 3VE Melbourne (Malvern, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2322, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 459 Squadron, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/snaddon-john-ernest-409361/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SNAITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaith|Snaith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Leslie Snaith|Snaith, Samuel Leslie &quot;Leslie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-2S8] - 1901(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1930; Newport, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 166, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1924-1928; Newport, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''SNAPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snape|Snape, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fairlie Roger de Burgh Snape|Snape, Fairlie Roger de Burgh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-B1V] - 1900(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NU Receive Quirindi (1923); 4JK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 695, 1922; 2COCP 340, 1931; 1COCP 221, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Quirindi, 1930); wireless operator (Quirindi, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Killara, 1949-1968); engineer (Killara, 1980)

===''SNEDDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sneddon|Sneddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Neville Sneddon|Sneddon, Richard Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTS-SX7] - 1908(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Burwood, 1923); 2AKQ Sydney (Concord West, 1938-1939); 2WS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1946-1965); 2WS Wamberal (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2183, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937; Concord West, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''SNELLGROVE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William George Rayner Snellgrove|Snellgrove, William George Rayner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YC-Y4J] - 1879(SA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XCN Sydney (Willoughby, 1913-1914); 2DD Receive Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 242, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; merchant navy (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1913; Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1931; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1936); superintending engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XCN-2DD - William George Rayner Snellgrove&quot; - Links: [https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/6986877 IWM]

===''SNOOK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Charles Snook|Snook, Keith Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTG-Z2D] - 1908(Tas)-1946(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Hobart North, 1936); motor mechanic (Hobart Central, 1937)
===''SNOSWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snoswell|Snoswell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Raymond Snoswell|Snoswell, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NWH-MCT] - 1899(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5AD Adelaide (Exeter, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Largs, 1939-1943)

===''SOBELS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sobels|Sobels, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Dhorenwendt Sobels|Sobels, Max Dhorenwendt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNT-8Q5] - 1904(Vic)-1996(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Watervale, 1923); 2OT Sydney (Dee Why, 1932-1939; Lakemba, 1946); 2OT Broken Hill (1947-1950); 2OT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1954-1956); 2OT Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1957-1961); 2OT Goulburn (1965-1969); 5OT Adelaide (Holden Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 894, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 1358, 1954; TVOCP 28, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); teacher (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1958; Ashfield, NSW, 1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1963); retired (Goulburn, NSW, 1968)

===''SODEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander William Soden|Soden, Alexander William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-7M1] - 1909(Qld)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Annerley, 1930-1939; Yeerongpilly, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 634, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1943)
===''SOILLEUX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soilleux|Soilleux, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Garnet Argyle Soilleux|Soilleux, Garnet Argyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-XPN] - 1900(Vic)-1959(Eng) - Licences: XOG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 497, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Auburn, Vic, 1924); architect (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1937; Kew, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SOLOMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Solomon|Solomon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Charles Henry Solomon|Solomon, Cecil Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH6J-BQ1] - 1902(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Prahran, 1931-1933; South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 738, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Prahran, Vic, 1924-1936); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); soldier (Auburn, Vic, 1943); nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); radio technician (Carnegie, Vic, 1963)

===''SORAGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soraghan|Soraghan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald St James Soraghan|Soraghan, Donald St James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ8-7TC] - 1902(Ireland)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934); 2LH Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1939); 2PU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 233, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Kingscliff, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SOUMPROU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soumprou|Soumprou, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Emile Walter Soumprou|Soumprou, Emile Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZZF-SX7] - 1906(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3WK Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; North Fitzroy, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 511, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937); retired (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1942-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954)

===''SOUTHWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Southwell|Southwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Lindsay Southwell|Southwell, Clifford Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-FDF] - 1897(SA)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2SW Sydney (Cremorne, 1925-1926; Northbridge, 1927-1929; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 131, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Private); WW2 (Australian Army, colonel) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northbridge, NSW, 1930); manager (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1958); business executive (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Leslie William Douglas Southwell|Southwell, Leslie William Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WXT-S8L] - 1900(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3SL Seymour (1924-1939, 1946-1954); 3SL Melbourne (Montrose, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 250, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Seymour, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel Leslie Southwell|Southwell, Noel Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-ZJW] - 1919(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ZF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1565, 1935, NSW; 1COCP 149, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (1949) - Comment: QSL collection survives ARDXC/NFSA - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Spark|Spark, John]] - 1879(USA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Fremantle, 1917); civil servant (West Perth, 1921) - Comment: identification not certain
===''SPEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spedding|Spedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Thomas Spedding|Spedding, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ82-ZCM] - 1897(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 4DU Receive Brandon (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Brandon, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1932-1958)

===''SPEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Speer|Speer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Speer|Speer, John Francis &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYD4-LJN] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FF Corop (1936-1939); 3FF Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Thornbury, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1724, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3TS Thomas Patterson Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1942); machinist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); merchant (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); dealer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Patterson Speer|Speer, Thomas Patterson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDH-FVD] - 1907(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3TS Corop (1936-1939, 1947-1969); 3TS Flora Hill (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1815, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FF John Francis Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Flora Hill, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''SPENCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spence|Spence, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Keith Spence|Spence, Edward Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBYN-S3H] - 1908(Qld)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 4DT Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Union Bank, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930; Wellington, NSW, 1934); bank officer (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Rose Bay, NSW, 1937; Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Hugh David Spence| Spence, Hugh David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZB-X1K] - 1920(Tas)-1984(WA) - Licences: 7DS Longford (1938-1939, 1947-1965); 6FS Perth (Cottesloe, 1969; East Victoria Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2105, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Longford, Tas, 1943-1944); radio engineer (Longford, Tas, 1949-1963); radio technician (East Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Guthrie Spence|Spence, William Guthrie]] - 1846(Sco)-1926(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1914-1915)

===''SPENCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Derek David Spencer|Spencer, Derek David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSW-N55] - 1909(Eng)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 3DS Melbourne (Altona, 1934-1937); 6DS Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1280, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 157, 1934; 2COCP 55, 1936; 1COCP 111, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Ulverstone, Tas, 1954; Leven, Tas, 1963); farmer (Gawler, Tas, 1972)

===''SPERRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilfred John Sperring|Sperring, Wilfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVLY-JPK] - 1917(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6SP Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1920, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Victoria Park, WA, 1943); mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1949); radio engineer (Belmont, WA, 1954-1963)

===''SPICER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spicer|Spicer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Victor John Spicer|Spicer, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88M-KKY] - 1910(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1929-1931; East Malvern, 1933; North Fitzroy, 1937-1939, 1946-1948); 3BQV Melbourne (Hurstbridge, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 554, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, 1934); constable (Port Melbourne, 1936; Fitzroy, 1937-1954; Carlton South, 1967-1968); retired (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPITZKOWSKY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Royston Stanley Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Max Royston Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYD-23H] - 1904(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1926-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 302, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 134, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Hamilton, NSW, 1932-1972)

===''SPLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Splatt|Splatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Bartlett Splatt|Splatt, Alan Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-HBH] - 1912(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3BS Melbourne (Montmorency, 1934-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1370, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Briar Hill, Vic, 1935-1943)

===''SPOONER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spooner|Spooner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Spooner|Spooner, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ93-LSL] - 1918(WA)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1983, 1937, Vic; AIR3 1102, 1947; COCP1 1311, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 30 Squadron, DFC, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: air observer (Darwin, NT, 1943); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPOTSWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril Ernest Spotswood|Spotswood, Cyril Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-4GM] - 1897(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: Receive Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burnie, 1936-1943); fettler (Burnie, 1949-1954)
* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7C] - 1892(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Poopoonbah via Giru (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1356, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: second YL operator in Qld - Relationships: Wife of 4JK Jack Lawrence Humphry - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Ching Do Siding, Ayr, Qld, 1919-1936; Giru, Qld, 1937-1949; Poopoonbah, Qld, 1954; St Lucia, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SPRENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sprenger|Sprenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Ernest Sprenger|Sprenger, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQD-2CJ] - 1914(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ES Bundaberg (1932-1939); 4ES Brisbane (New Farm, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, 1955-1960; Rainworth, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 1064, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 165, 1938; 1COCP 530, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); state public servant (Qld Police, radio comms) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bundaberg, 1936-1937); police constable (New Farm, Qld, 1943-1949); sergeant police (Holland Park, Qld, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958); sub-inspector police (Rainworth, Qld, 1963-1968); police officer (Rainworth, Qld, 1972); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SPRING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spring|Spring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol Leeming Spring|Spring, Athol Leeming]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VS-DPM] - 1892(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: XHZ Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913-1972); retired (Bondi, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SPRINGETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Springett|Springett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Springett|Springett, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PV-RVB] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Exeter (1935-1937); 2OM Sydney (Willoughby, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1567, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1930-1932); wardsman (Exeter, NSW, 1934-1937); draughtsman (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''SPROULE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sproule|Sproule, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Laurence Sproule|Sproule, Archie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BK-5J7] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2IB Dubbo (1934-1935); 2IB Parkes (1936); 2IB Werris Creek (1937); 2IB Sydney (Punchbowl, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1398, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1935; Werris Creek, NSW, 1936); clerk (Werris Creek, NSW, 1943); telegraphist (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949; Oatley, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPURRIER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spurrier|Spurrier, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Charles Spurrier|Spurrier, Leonard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTY1-WZJ] - 1904(Wales)-1984(SA) - Licences: S382 Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1922); 5AL Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarence Park, 1939-1941; Eden Hills, 1943)

===''SQUELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squelch|Squelch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arbor Squelch|Squelch, Thomas Arbor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZRH-758] - 1892(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Bangalow (1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); ironmonger (Bangalow, NSW, 1932-1977)

===''SQUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squire|Squire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Leith Squire|Squire, Leslie Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HQ-59S] - 1918(NSW)-1963(???) - Licences: 2NL Thornton (1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2OL Portable Thornton (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1131, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 279, 1936; COCP2 80, 1936; BOCP 93, 1937; COCP1 231, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Maitland East, NSW, 1943; Thornton, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SQUIRES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squires|Squires, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Squires|Squires, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-3GW] - 1909(WA)-1972(???) - Licences: 6JS Perth (Cannington, 1929-1939; Como, 1946-1956; Nedlands, 1960; West Leederville, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 510, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cannington, 1931-1936); sales manager (Midland Junction, 1937; South Perth, 1943-1954); manager (Subiaco, 1963); business manager (West Kalamunda, 1968)

===''ST JOHN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert St John|St John, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Clive Bolingbroke St John|St John, Henry Clive Bolingbroke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTN-PV8] - 1895(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RX Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2RX Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1939); 2APN Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 258, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: reader (Rockdale, 1930-1936; Northbridge, 1943-1963)

===''STACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stacey|Stacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Keith Stacey|Stacey, Howard Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3TY-D8M] - 1907(NSW)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5XA Adelaide (Firle, 1934-1937; Knightsbridge, 1938-1939; Leabrook, 1947-1956; Glynde, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1360, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Burnside, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Roy Ernest Stacey|Stacey, Roy Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDT-PNR] - 1902(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RS Proserpine (1933-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1187, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: office assistant (Bauple, Qld, 1925); clerk (Proserpine, Qld, 1928-1972)

* [[/Roydon Stacey|Stacey, Roydon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK4-TLX] - 1908(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HY Sydney (Crows Nest, 1932-1937; Oatley, 1938-1939; Crows Nest, 1948; Oatley, 1950); 2QM Sydney (Epping, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 936, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1937); storekeeper (Oatley, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1968); supervising technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Seymour Stacey|Stacey, Seymour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR79-YXV] - 1893(Eng)-1960(ACT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 27, 1914 - telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: sorting clerk &amp; telegraphist (Keswick, Cumberland, Eng, 1911); electrical engineer (Griffith, ACT, 1928-1943); electrical contractor (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1958)

===''STACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Patrick Charles Stack|Stack, Robert Patrick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-Y2K] - 1904(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4TK Innisfail (1936-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1742, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Innisfail, Qld, 1930-1932); stationer (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1943)

===''STACKPOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Julian Stackpole|Stackpole, Peter Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-H8N] - 1947(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 3ZQS Melbourne (North Clayton, 1980+; 1RX Canberra, 1990s); Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 2203, 1966; AOCP N1856, 1988 - amateur operator; broadcast planning engineer (P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA, ACA) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Hampton, 1972); technical officer (Clayton, 1977-1980)
===''STAFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Staff|Staff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Leslie Staff|Staff, Raymond Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHPS-L3T] - 1904(Qld)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934); 2AMN Canberra (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1930); messenger (Mascot, NSW, 1933-1934; bank manager (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1934); messenger(Bondi, NSW, 1935; Mitchell, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Belconnen, ACT, 1943); car driver (Kingston, ACT, 1949); bookkeeper (Moruya, NSW, 1954-1958); storeman (Parramatta, NSW, 1963)

===''STAFFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stafford|Stafford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivor Stafford|Stafford, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-PHJ] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3XB Lallat North (1934-1939); 3XB Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1272, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3KS Mavis Ellen Stafford nee Coutts - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Prahran, Vic, 1934; Manya North, Vic, 1936; Lallat North, Vic, 1937-1942; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Hurst William Stafford|Stafford, John Hurst William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6P-XSJ] - 1901(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Receive Ipswich (Ebbw Vale, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ebbw Vale, 1925-1928; Booval, 1932-1949); engineer (East Ipswich, 1958-1963); retired (Mansfield, 1977-1980)

* Stafford, Mavis Ellen see Mavis Ellen Coutts

===''STALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stalker|Stalker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Clarence Stalker|Stalker, Dudley Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG3-TYC] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KJ Colac (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 995, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Colac, Vic, 1931-1937); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''STANFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Roy Stanfield|Stanfield, Clifford Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXR-9GG] - 1900(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: N744 Receive Newcastle (1922); 2HX Receive Newcastle (1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 383, 1918; 2COCP 136, 1930; 1COCP 140, 1930 - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, 1930; Maroubra, 1932-1968); retired (Blaxland, 1977-1980)
===''STANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanley|Stanley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. M. Stanley|Stanley, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JS Receive Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1922-1923); 2JS Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1924); Orange (1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 100, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; newsagent (Leura, late 1920s) - Identification: Not yet identified (possibly James Melville Stanley, electrician, Lockhart, 1930) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vincent Edward Stanley|Stanley, Vincent Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHDF-X7C] - 1896(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VS Sydney (Chatswood, 1926-1928; Carlingford, 1929-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 379, 1918; COCP2 26, 1929; COCP1 141, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1933-1954); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963; Rosebery, NSW, 1968)

===''STANSFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stansfield|Stansfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Galen Stansfield|Stansfield, Frederick Galen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHKB-QKP] - 1909(Eng)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1489, 1935, WA; COCP2 81, 1935; COCP1 223, 1939 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Second Radio Officer, MV Koolama) - Electoral Rolls: student (Nedlands, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/koolama.html Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STANTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanton|Stanton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Haberfield Stanton|Stanton, Keith Haberfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPR5-MHJ] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XFU Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3241, 1960 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 7th Brigade/6th Regiment, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1936); real estate (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); grazier (Reedy Creek, NSW, 1949; Kareeba, NSW, 1954-1958); real estate (Church Point, NSW, 1968)

===''STAPLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Stapleton|Stapleton, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-R9P] - 1915(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5KY Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1314, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cook, SA, 1941-1944)

===''STARKIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas William Starkie|Starkie, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBS-NCY] - 1906(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4NW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 306, 1926, No. 30 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Nundah, 1928-1937); warehouse assistant (Holland Park, 1943); manager (Wavell Heights, 1949); agent (Toowong, 1954-1958); manufacturer's agent (Kenmore, 1963); agent (Tennyson, 1968-1972); retired (The Gap, 1977; North Tamborine, 1980)

===''STARR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Starr|Starr, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-LC4] - 1916(Qld)-1940(off Qld coast) - Licences: 4FS Stanthorpe (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1930, 1937, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 23 Squadron, Aircraftsman Class 1) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Stanthorpe, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1719163 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Alwyn Starr|Starr, William Alwyn &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RK-F5D] - 1909(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6DB Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Pingelly, WA, 1931; Merredin, WA, 1936; Narrogin, WA, 1937; Bunbury, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1954; Daglish, WA, 1958; Cottesloe, WA, 1963; Mt Claremont, WA, 1968-1977; Swinburne, WA, 1977-1980)

===''STEANE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Ashcroft Steane|Steane, Geoffrey William Ashcroft]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCF-JWV] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 775, 1923; 2COCP 330, 1931 -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1949); television engineer (Double Bay, NSW, 1954); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1954)

===''STEELE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steele|Steele, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland Edward James Steele|Steele, Rowland Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-2ZM] - 1904(Tas)-1987(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hobart West, 1928); dairyman (West Hobart, 1937-1972)

===''STEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steer|Steer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Hurtle Steer|Steer, Albert Hurtle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKFN-K9D] - 1914(SA)-2010(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1787, 1936, SA; BOCP 713, 1946 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Army officer (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939); Salvation Army officer (Sterling, SA, 1941); welfare officer (RAAF Station, Nhill, Vic, 1942); salvation army officer (Stirling West, SA, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1687262 VWMA]

===''STEPHEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percy Goldsmith Stephen|Stephen, Percy Goldsmith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2J-HVR] - 1896(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAEL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914); 2ZB Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1925); 2PS Sydney (Balmain, 1926; Granville, 1927-1930; Lidcombe, 1931-1936; Croydon, 1937-1939; Five Dock, 1946-1958; Condell Park, 1960-1975) (Dealer licence in 1926 &amp; 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Section, Aus Naval &amp; Mil Exped Force, CPO) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Granville, 1930); electrician (Lakemba, 1930; Lidcombe, 1932-1936); electrical fitter (Five Dock, 1943-1958); fitter (Condell Park, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEL-2ZB-2PS - Percy Goldsmith Stephen&quot;

===''STEPHENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephens|Stephens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Nelson Stephens|Stephens, Arthur Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G941-3F1] - 1886(Eng)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1922); 4CG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923-1925); Operator of 4AE - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Carlton, Vic, 1912-1914); engineer (Wireless Station, Pinkenba, 1915-1919; Clayfield, 1925-1928); hotel keeper (Palm Beach Hotel, Elanora, 1932-1934; Grand Hotel, Southport, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Southport, 1949); secretary (Main Beach, 1954-1958; Southport East, 1963-1968)

* [[/Frank Richmond Stephens|Stephens, Frank Richmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-MLM] - 1897(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 452, 1919 - RANRS - Electoral Rolls:  naval reservist (New Farm, 1921); farm hand (Wamuran, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (New Farm, 1925-1937); radio mechanic (New Farm, Qld, 1943); agent (New Farm, Qld, 1949); caretaker (Brisbane, 1954-1958); retired (Bowen Hills, 1963; Coolangatta, 1968-1972)

* [[/Harry James Milne Stephens|Stephens, Harry James Milne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYC-KQH] - 1900(WA)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6ZZ Perth (South Perth, 1935-1939; Bassendean, 1947-1960; Eden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1530, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Albany, WA, 1925); railway employee (Katanning, WA, 1931-1936); storekeeper (Fremantle, WA, 1937); aircraftsman (Bassendean, WA, 1943-1963); railway employee (Eden Hill, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Lance Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lance Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9B-L57] - 1891(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Father of 2ZLS-2ACO Lindsay Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: electrical machinist (Burwood, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1935); electrical engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936-1977)

* [[/Lindsay Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lindsay Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPW-2NP] - 1923(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ZLS Wagga Wagga (1960); 2ACO Wagga Wagga (1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 640, 1959; AOCP 3948, 1961, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Lance Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: technician (Gordon, NSW, 1949); engineer (PMG Dept, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1963; Goonellabah, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Reginald Alva Claude Stephens|Stephens, Reginald Alva Claude ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYML-5QY] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Gympie (1948); 4RA Brisbane (Scarborough, 1954; Brighton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1531, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarram, Vic, 1936); public servant (Scarborough, Qld, 1949-1954); clerk (Brighton, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Thomas Stephens|Stephens, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-35G] - 1912(Vic)-1944(Sct) - Licences: 3GO Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - qualifications: cc; AOCP 489, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1944) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/stephens-thomas-418036/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Blacket Stephens|Stephens, Thomas Blacket or Blackett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9WG-Y5P] - 1902(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 309, 1926, No. 31 in Qld - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: articled law clerk (Annerley, 1925-1928); solicitor (Annerley, 1934; Fortitude Valley, 1936-1937; Clayfield, 1949-1968); retired (St Lucia, 1972-1980)

===''STEPHENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephenson|Stephenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Wilfred Stephenson|Stephenson, Charles Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-M7F] - 1905(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother); 2BWQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 282, 1926, No. 25 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, operator 4WN; WIAQ, operator 4AE); broadcast technician (4QG); business proprietor (cinema audio) - Relationships: brother of 4RG Harold John Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1932-1933); sound engineer (Capertee, NSW, 1936-1937); panel beater (Bourke, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Capertee, NSW, 1949-1954; Maroubra, NSW, 1958); autoelectrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Blacktown, NSW, 1980) 

* [[/Harold John Stephenson|Stephenson, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-9M3] - 1903(Qld)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 290, 1926, No. 27 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 4RG/2BWQ Charles Wilfred Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Wooloowin, Qld, 1925-1943); sheet metal worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); engineer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); aircraft mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''STER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ster|Ster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. W. Ster|Ster, R. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Preston, 1938-1939); 3AWG Barramunga (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STEVENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevens|Stevens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edgar F. Stevens|Stevens, Albert Edgar F. &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH4H-N2D] - 1894(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6BN Perth (North Perth, 1924-1927; South Perth, 1930-1939); nominated licensee for W732 WIA WA (1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 136, 1925, No. ?? in WA - Radio Activity: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917); phone mechanic (North Perth, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;6BN – Albert Edgar Stevens&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Stevens|Stevens, Frederick William]] - 1898-19?? - 4SP Brisbane, amateur operator (PRTC 788, 1923, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP, 1930, Qld), Coastal wireless operator; first chief engineer 4QG, state public servant (4QG), pilot (Qantas), federal public servant (DCA)

* [[/Herbert Newman Stevens|Stevens, Herbert Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYY-2NY] - 1911(???)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Balwyn, 1954-1965; South Blackburn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1191, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Auburn, Vic, 1936-1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1963; Blackburn South, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/James Thomas Stevens|Stevens, James Thomas or Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-91P] - 1914(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3ZK Swan Hill (1933-1939, 1947); 3ZK Beverford (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1106, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Swan Hill, Vic, 1936-1954); clerk (Beverford, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Edward Stevens|Stevens, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZMF] - 1908(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7OJ Deloraine (1931-1933); 3OJ Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 817, 1931, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1931; Burwood, 1937-1980)

===''STEVENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevenson|Stevenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Vincent Stevenson|Stevenson, Cecil Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1X-5KF] - 1878(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 815 Receive Sydney (Randwick); 2IY Sydney (Randwick, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder of 2UE B class - Relationships: Father of Murray Herman Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Randwick, NSW, 1930-1936); retired (Port Hacking, NSW, 1943-1954; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Murray Herman Stevenson|Stevenson, Murray Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1K-K6M] - 1905(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 46, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2IY-815-2IY Cecil Vincent Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Coogee, NSW, 1934); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937-1954); electrical engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STEWART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stewart|Stewart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart|Stewart, Alexander]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2XF Tumut (1931-1934); 2XF Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950); 2AXF Sydney (Balmain, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 865, 1931, No. ?? in NSW + others depending on identification - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Alexander Barnett Stewart|Stewart, Alexander Barnett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHBR-VND] - 1895(Sct)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4DD Receive Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Oondooroo, Qld, 1919); farmer (Palmwoods, Qld, 1921-1925); orderman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1928); truck driver (Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1936-1937); foreman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Donald Richardson Stewart|Stewart, Donald Richardson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CC-2MT] - 1902(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: V739 Receive Lorne (1922); 3GS Receive Lorne (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Lorne, 1925-1954); guest house proprietor (Lorne, 1967-1968); proprietor (Lorne, 1972-1980)

* [[/H. A. Stewart|Stewart, H. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAM Melbourne (Williamstowm, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Stewart|Stewart, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS7-R71] - 1896(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 234, 1916; 1COCP 318, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous HSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Stewart|Stewart, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DK Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. J. Stewart|Stewart, J. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XER Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Edgar Stewart|Stewart, John Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-3JC] - 1884(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2MR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1923-1929; Hamilton, 1930); 2MR Sydney (Chatswood, 1931); 4MR Brisbane (Nundah, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2MR Waratah (1954-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Commonwealth Electoral Commission (Chief Electoral Officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Arncliffe, 1913); District Returning Officer (Mayfield, 1930); Commonwealth Electoral Officer (Nundah, Qld, 1937-1949); retired (Waratah, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2MR-4MR - John Edgar Stewart&quot;

* [[/William Alfred Stewart|Stewart, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBZ-4XJ] - 1910(WA)-2020(WA)109yo - Licences: 6ST Perth (West Leederville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1958, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balkatta, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1937); salesman (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Leederville, WA, 1949); technician (Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley Park, WA, 1968; Floreat Park, WA, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://gerontology.fandom.com/wiki/William_Stewart Gerontology]

===''STICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stick|Stick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald James Stick|Stick, Reginald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69N-XLN] - 1898(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2BI Lismore (1935-1939); 2AMS Lismore (1950-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1431, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1963)

===''STICKLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stickland|Stickland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis James Stickland|Stickland, John Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJHW-ZKB] - 1885(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJS Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Auburn, Vic, 1909-1931); body builder (Auburn, 1936-1937)

===''STILLMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Harward Stillman|Stillman, Geoffrey Harward]] - 1895(Vic)-1984(WA) - Licences: XJAH Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Brighton, Vic, 1919-1931); engineer (Claremont, WA, 1936-1963); retired (Maylands, WA, 1968-1980)

===''STIPEK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stipek|Stipek, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Stipek|Stipek, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-XL1] - 1898(NSW)-1974(Florida, USA) - Licences: 7BE Receive St Helens (1923); Receive St Helens (1923); 7BE St Helens (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMG telegraph messenger, left PMGD 1920; first to log KGO in Tas - Comment: beware two other John Stipek's concurrently in Tas, 1920s - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (St Helens, 1919); clerk (St Helens, 1922)

===''STIRK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stirk|Stirk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick James Stirk|Stirk, Frederick James &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHR-T2Q] - 1915(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1934); 2ABC Sydney (Maroubra, 1936-1939, 1946-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 847, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 48, 1935; COCP1 1115, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1963); engineer (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''STITFOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitfold|Stitfold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Glen Stitfold|Stitfold, Ronald Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-MK2] - 1907(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6RS Perth (Carlisle, 1939, 1947-1955; Doubleview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2387, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Leonora, WA, 1931); bank official (Armadale, WA, 1936-1937; Carlisle, WA, 1943-1954); bank officer (Doubleview, WA, 1958-1980)

===''STITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitt|Stitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Hugh Reginald Stitt|Stitt, Walter Hugh Reginald &quot;Hughie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBX-L5G] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WH Forbes (1925-1969+); 2ARN Forster (1965-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 196, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2LM Leslie Maclean Wilson - Comment: His father also Walter Hugh Rankin Stitt and lived in same district - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1930); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1931); jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1932); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1934-1963); retired grazier (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''STOBIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stobie|Stobie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Claude Stobie|Stobie, Geoffrey Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY37-92H] - 1915(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3VW Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1934-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1323, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1937-1949)

===''STOCKALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold John Stockall|Stockall, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHN-GKD] - 1906(Eng)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DJ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936; Earlwood, NSW, 1937); motor driver (Eastwood, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Parramatta North, NSW, 1958-1963; North Ryde, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1972; Penrith, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOCKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur James Stocks|Stocks, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZF-B2F] - 1884(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJDI Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919); sales (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1919-1943; Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954)
* [[/Daniel Alan John Stocks|Stocks, Daniel Alan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-R5P] - 1897(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927; Surrey Hills, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 144, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Canterbury, Vic, 1921-1922); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1931)

===''STOCKTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Stockton|Stockton, Norman]] - 1904(WA)-1943(Germany) - 4NQ Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, press correspondent), journalist - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stone|Stone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Charles John Stone|Stone, Kenneth Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-4H4] - 1917(Qld)-2001(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2291, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Redfern, NSW, 1943); radio officer (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1963; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Robert Norman Stone|Stone, Robert Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGC-LPV] - 1918(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1628, 1936, Vic; BOCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''STOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stow|Stow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allen Frederick Stow|Stow, Allen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WR-7GG] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3AS Melbourne (North Carlton,1928-1931; North Fitzroy, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Northcote, 1948-1965); 3AFS Portable Melbourne (Northcote, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 441, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 94, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton North, 1931; Fitzroy North, 1934-1942); technician (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STOWAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stowar|Stowar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Stowar|Stowar, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-D1H] - 1920(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ACX Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Kingsgrove, 1948-1965; Burraneer Bay, 1969); 2AS Sydney (East Lindfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2236, 1938, NSW; AIR3 1587, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1963); superintendent (Cronulla, NSW, 1968); welding (Lindfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Alfred Stowe|Stowe, Harry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBJ-YTW] - 1892(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAS Sydney (Drummoyne, 1911-1914); 2CX Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922-1923); 2CX Sydney (Chatswood, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 19, 1924, No. 9 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, 1930-1958); retired (Frenchs Forest, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;XAS-2CX - Harry Alfred Stowe&quot;

===''STOYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Bickley Stoyle|Stoyle, Jack Bickley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM1Z-JWV] - 1881(India)-1966(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 91, 1915; 1COCP 55, 1930 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920); AWA CRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1917); radio station master (Darwin, 1922; Kilkenny, 1939-1943)

===''STRAFFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Michael Strafford|Strafford, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2K-LBX] - 1900(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5JS Adelaide (Stepney, 1936-1939; City, 1947-1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1710, 1936, SA; BOCP 514, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STRATFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leo Stephen Stratford|Stratford, Leo Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-HRX] - 1915(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4AE Goondiwindi (1936-1939); 4LS Goondiwindi (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1678, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1936-1949); radio dealer (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1954-1958); electrician (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1968); refrigeration mechanic (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1980)

===''STREAMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot; - See Florence Madeline Mackenzie 4YL
===''STREET''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Frederick Street|Street, Reginald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW5S-Z4L] - 1900(Tas)-1927(Tas) - Licences: 7BD Receive Hobart (1923); Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Hobart West, 1922)

===''STREETER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy William Streeter|Streeter, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-PW3] - 1917(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 3AWG Burramunga (1948-1956); 5SK Millicent (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2078, 1938, Vic; BOCP 52, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Colac, Vic, 1943); farmer (Barramunga, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STROHFELDT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt or Strofeldt, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-W9Z] - 1904(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4GS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1041, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: licensed for 5 years after passing - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Roma, 1926); telegraphist (Charleville, 1928-1930); Paddington, Qld, 1936-1937); assistant radio inspector (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943)

===''STROUD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stroud|Stroud, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas James John Stroud|Stroud, Thomas James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6PD-9P5] - 1905(Qld)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AMR Dubbo (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2325, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''STRUTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Arthur Lloyd Strutt|Strutt, George Arthur Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNY8-8MH] - 1893(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XJDX Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Elwood, Vic, 1914-1927); orchardist (Frankston, Vic, 1931); carrier (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); inspector (Blackburn, Vic, 1949); painter (Blackburn, Vic, 1954)

===''STUART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart|Stuart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Stuart|Stuart, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSH-RPC] - 1895(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Hobart, Tas, 1919); telegraphist (Hobart, 1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1928-1942); primary producer (Tarra Valley, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Alphonsus Valentine Stuart|Stuart, Joseph Alphonsus Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-RM8] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OO Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 52, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Albert Park, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1925-1963); retired (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Michael Aloysius Horatio Stuart|Stuart, Michael Aloysius Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-2D9] - 1891(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: 3MH Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1927); 3MH Rockbank (1931-1937); 5MS Adelaide (Rosewater, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 66, 1929; 1COCP 184, 1931; likely CRPT pre 1927 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Navy); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1925-1927); radio telegraphist (Beam Radio Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1937; Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Footscray North, Vic, 1949)

===''STUART-JONES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edward Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Arthur Edward]] - 1912(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1597, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STUBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stubbs|Stubbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Stubbs|Stubbs, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2RB-PL2] - 1896(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ZS Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1933-1934; Epping, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 369, 1918 (Marconi); COCP1 320, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1963)

===''STURDEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vernon Ashton Hobart Sturdee|Sturdee, Vernon Ashton Hobart]] - 1890(Vic)-1966(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, early wireless experimenter (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur radio club (member, WIQ)

===''SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sullivan|Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Patrick Sullivan|Sullivan, James Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-GXP] - 1905(Eng)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JK Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2272, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Rose Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John Sullivan|Sullivan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLGD-VK6] - 1906(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SR Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1925-1926); 3SR Yallourn (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 206, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); engineer (Staff Mess, Yallourn, Vic, 1931; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1936; Oakleigh, Vic, 1937; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Vincent Macleay Sullivan|Sullivan, Vincent Macleay &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTD3-DSV] - 1898(NSW)-1989(SA) - Licences: XAC Smithtown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sapper, Wireless Moore Park, Light Motor Wireless Section, Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Watervale, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SUMSION''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sumsion|Sumsion, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Walter Sumsion|Sumsion, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTM-KPG] - 1918(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1371, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CWS - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1972; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SUNTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Boyd Sunter|Sunter, Horace Boyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-56X] - 1899(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2LM Receive Sydney (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1922); 3BS Melbourne (Toorak, Vic, 1924-1925; St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1926); 2BS Sydney (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1927-1929; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 808, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); electrical instrument fitter (Kirribilli, NSW, 1949); guest house proprietor (Camden, NSW, 1954); retired (Kurmond, NSW, 1968; Springwood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SUTHERLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan James Sutherland|Sutherland, Alan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK6-94L] - 1916(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 5XB Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939, 1947-1948); 3AXB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1954-1965); 3KY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1592, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dunleath, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1977)
* [[/George Bremner Sutherland|Sutherland or Clyne, George Bremner &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVF-KQC] - 1893(Sct)-1981(SA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 295, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (Navy, 1911), journalist (Listening In Column, Perth Western Mail, 1924); late 1920s assistant chief engineer 6WF (to Wally Coxon) - Electoral Rolls: DCA (aeradio operator, from 1941); radio operator (Kalgoorlie, 1949); retired (North Perth, 1958)

===''SUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sutton|Sutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Ernest Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMFM-Z34] - 1882(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (early 1910s); utilised Henry Sutton's experimental licence - Relationships: son of XLM Henry Sutton - Electoral Rolls: music seller (Malvern, 1909-1913; Hawthorn, 1914-1915); engineer (Kew, 1922-1925); traveller (Camberwell, 1927); mechanic (Brunswick, 1928)

* [[/Arthur Fraser Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K23N-VYW] - 1888(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2EM Sydney (Darling Point, 1936-1937; Killara, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1832, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; pre-WW1 (Army, AVAC, 1910-1915); WW1 (Army, 5th Field Artillery, 1915-1919; Captain, Dental Corps) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ashfield, NSW, 1913; Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1936; Killara, NSW, 1937-1958); dental surgeon (St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); dental (St Ives, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Henry Sutton|Sutton, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD19-T7V] - 1855(Vic)-1912(Vic) - Licences: XLM Melbourne (Malvern, 1910-1912) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed from 1890s); numerous inventions, Australia's first wireless telephony experimenter (1906); invented several new types of telephones; early television experiments - Relationships: father of Arthur Ernest Sutton - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sutton-henry-4675 ADB] - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Jnr|Sutton, Joseph William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-HCJ] - 1874(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4CP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4EI Brisbane (City, 1923-1925) (In the name of the State Engineer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIQ, foundation member; QWI); electrical engineer; senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Engineer) - Relationships: son of Joseph William Sutton Snr - Electoral Rolls: electric engineer (Teneriffe, 1903); engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909); assistant (GPO, 1912-1919); electrical engineer (New Farm, 1921-1936); retired (Ascot, 1937)

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Snr|Sutton, Joseph William Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-W6T] - 1844(Eng)-1914(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - club (Royal Society Qld, president) - Relationships: father of Joseph William Sutton Jnr - Links: [[w:Joseph William Sutton|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909)

===''SWABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swaby|Swaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell John Swaby|Swaby, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY3N-SKH] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3DD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1934-1939); 4DA Dalby (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1379, 1934, Vic; COCP1 914, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Dalby, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Dalby, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SWAIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swain|Swain, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Tamsett Swain|Swain, Lionel Tamsett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL1J-TGY] - 1902(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CS Receive Newcastle (Hamilton, 1922); 2CS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1923-1927; Waratah, 1928-1939, 1946-1950; Charlestown, 1954-1961; Bolton Point, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 108, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Withdrawal: when 2CS Coffs Harbour commenced in early 1980s, policy had changed as to withdrawal of similar amateur callsigns - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Waratah, 1930-1954); engineer (Charlestown, 1958-1963); retired (Bolton Point, 1968-1980)

===''SWAINGER''===

* [[/Alfred John Swainger|Swainger, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J4-6QD] - 1920(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3IP Melbourne (Upper Ferntree Gully, 1947-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2224, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1949-1968; Ferntree Gully, 1972); engineer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SWANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swanson|Swanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Wilfred Swanson|Swanson, William Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF2-KMK] - 1909(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AFL Sydney (North Sydney, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1856, 1937, NSW; COCP2 109, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Pilot Station, Newcastle, NSW, 1930; Vaucluse, NSW, 1932-1935); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1937); marine radio officer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949)

===''SWANTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Howell Swanton|Swanton, Cedric Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G62M-Y9M] - 1899(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XOZ Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Kew, Vic, 1922-1928); medical practitioner (Merrylands, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1937-1949; Double Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''SWEENEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Moss Sweeney|Sweeney, Walter Moss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNZ7-YRD] - 1887(Eng)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3WS Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1924-1925; Elwood, 1925-1931; St Kilda, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 204, 1916 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Subiaco, 1916-1917); no occupation (Melbourne, 1919); wireless engineer (East Melbourne, 1921-1924); engineer (Elsternwick, 1925-1928); director (St Kilda, 1931-1963)

===''SWINBURNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Charles Richard Swinburne|Swinburne, Frank Charles Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDML-S1J] - 1901(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922-1923); 2AT Sydney (Manly, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 557, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1937; North Sydney, 1943))
===''SWINDELLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swindells|Swindells, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Willie Swindells|Swindells, Willie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L812-BTK] - 1890(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Richmond, Vic, 1913-1914; Parkdale, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Geelong, 1927; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1934)

===''SYDOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydow|Sydow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Frederick Sydow|Sydow, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2G9-B92] - 1912(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1932-1939); 3JX Hamilton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 974, 1932, Vic; BOCP 418, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''SYDSERFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydserff|Sydserff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harold Buchan Sydserff|Sydserff, William Harold Buchan &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNN-XS9] - 1907(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3XL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1931-1939; Burwood, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 808, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937); salesman (Burwood, Vic, 1942; Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968)

===''SYKES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sykes|Sykes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Sykes|Sykes, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT64-LFS] - 1886(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAQ Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Balgowlah, NSW, 1949)

===''SYMONDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Joseph Leo Symonds|Symonds, Nathaniel Joseph Leo &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ3-3QH] - 1908(WA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 6LS Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1925-1930; Bicton, 1947-1948); 6LX Perth (Kalamunda, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 207, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Cottesloe, 1931-1943); radio operator (Fremantle, 1949-1954); radio technician (Kalamunda, 1958-1980)

===''SYMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Symons|Symons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Lindsay Gordon Symons|Symons, John Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZ5-Q42] - 1913(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3JT Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939; East Hawthorn, 1946-1947; Burwood, 1948; South Melbourne, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 662, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); hotelkeeper (Malvern, Vic, 1954); engineer (Syndal, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Sydney George Symons|Symons, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WGW] - 1915(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4SY Townsville (1938-1939, 1948-1960); 4SY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2201, 191938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (Clayfield, Qld, 1963-1980)

=='''T'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''TACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tacey|Tacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Wheeler Tacey|Tacey, Douglas Wheeler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNB-8H7] - 1905(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 3DW Shepparton (1931-1939, 1948); 3DW Lilydale (1954); 5DW Adelaide (Frewville, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 841, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Castlemaine, Vic, 1926); cinematic operator (Shepparton, Vic, 1931); sound projectionist (Shepparton, Vic, 1934-1937); RAAF Instructor (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); manager (Woodend Theatre, Woodend, Vic, 1949); manager (Lilydale, Vic, 1954)

===''TALLENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tallent|Tallent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Daniel Tallent|Tallent, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9W-S23] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3TT Dean (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1952, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Dean, Vic, 1935-1980)

===''TANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tandy|Tandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Tandy|Tandy, Ronald &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-B29] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Colac (1931-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 816, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Colac, Vic, 1933-1968)

* [[/Roy Percival Tandy|Tandy, Roy Percival or Percival Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7J-54J] - 1908(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2220, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical mechanic (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Darling, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''TANNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tanner|Tanner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Sidney Charles Tanner|Tanner, Leslie Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L55H-KF4] - 1915(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2ABL Sydney (Canley Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1963, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/William Edward Tanner|Tanner, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Q3-FQS] - 1909(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7TE Launceston (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2380, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless dealer (Launceston, Tas, 1936-1937); RAN (Naval Depot, Hobart, Tas, 1943); mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1949); radio mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

===''TAPLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taplin|Taplin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. F. Taplin|Taplin, H. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2545 Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TAPP''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Ernest Tapp|Tapp, Charles Ernest or Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-BXV] - 1894(NSW)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 82, 1915 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: OIC Wireless Station (Thursday Island, Qld, 1915; South Yarra, Vic, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1942); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

===''TAPPER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Robert Tapper|Tapper, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZX-4T6] - 1910(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1929-1939); 6RJ Onslow (1946-1947); 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1948-1960); 2AO Wagga Wagga (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 538, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 1COCP 218, 1931; TVOCP 324, 1961 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Claremont, 1931-1943); operator (Claremont, 1949-1963); radio inspector (Wagga Wagga, 1968-1980)

===''TARBOTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Augustus Tarbotton|Tarbotton, Harry Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-87K] - 1902(Eng)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6HT Albany (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1672, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Albany, WA, 1925-1931); motor mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936-1954); radio service (Albany, WA, 1958)

===''TARLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred William Tarling|Tarling, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVH9-4RZ] - 1900(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Townsville (1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; (likely qualification ca 1920, British Merchant Navy; 1COCP 679, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coolbie, Ingham, Qld, 1930); wireless operator (Pimlico, Qld, 1931-1932); labourer (West End, Qld, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''TARRANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tarrant|Tarrant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Albert Tarrant|Tarrant, Ernest Albert Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8SB-Z68] - 1898(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Receive Narrabri (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Eulah Creek, 1930; Narrabri, 1943)

* [[/Horace Joseph Tarrant|Tarrant, Horace Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW3-T6Q] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 2AFH Sydney (Richmond, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1838, 1936, NSW; COCP2 132, 1937; COCP1 260, 1939; AIR1 3, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, NSW, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1943-1967; Balaclava, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Francis Tarrant|Tarrant, William Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5M-6JT] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2UF Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1054, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (Newcastle, 1930-1949)

===''TATHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Edward Tatham|Tatham, Sydney Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQT-52W] - 1896(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 2ST Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925; City, 1926-1928; Darling Point, 1929-1933; City, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 33, 1915; 1COCP 406, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (editor, Sea, Land and Air, 1922); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: instructor (St Kilda, 1919; South Yarra, 1919); merchant (Darling Point, 1930-1933; City, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, 1954); director (Balwyn, 1958-1972)
===''TAYLOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taylor|Taylor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Taylor|Taylor, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX56-JGX] - 1910(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AT Port Pirie (1934-1937); 5AT Adelaide (Solomontown, 1938-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1276, 1934, SA; BOCP 286, 1940; TVOCP 461, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marleston, SA, 1941; Edwardstown, SA, 1943)

* [[/Alexander Francis Taylor|Taylor, Alexander Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYMQ-GLC] - 1917(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1934-1939); 3AT Shepparton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1245, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); medical practitioner (Shepparton, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/B. A. Taylor|Taylor, B. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DF Receive Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Taylor|Taylor, Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XOU Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Melbourne, Vic, 1914)

* [[/Charles Farrow Taylor|Taylor, Charles Farrow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JT-K3L] - 1888(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 3ZD Melbourne (Kew, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AFC) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Heidelberg, Vic, 1922); electrical contractor (Kew, Vic, 1922-1924); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1937; Unley, SA, 1943) 

* [[/Donald Gordon Taylor|Taylor, Donald Gordon &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-N31] - 1907(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Forestville, 1923-1924); 5DX Adelaide (Forestville, 1926-1937; Black Forest, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 307, 1926, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 25, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: another DGT served in WW2 &amp; died on active service 1943 in NT - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Goodwood, 1939; Black Forest, 1941-1943) - Trovetag: &quot;5DX - Donald Gordon Taylor&quot;

* [[/Florence Mary Parsons|Taylor nee Parsons, Florence Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZX2-FZB] - 1879(Eng)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - publisher - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Sydney, 1936); journalist (Vaucluse, 1954); editor (Darlinghurst, 1958; Potts Point, 1963) - Relationships: wife of George Augustine Taylor - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-florence-mary-8754 ADB]

* [[/G. U. H. Taylor|Taylor, G. U. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Augustine Taylor|Taylor, George Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-JG7] - 1872(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Nil (always operated under military or other amateur licences) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; founder WIA NSW; founder Association for Development of Wireless in Australasia - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-george-augustine-8756 ADB]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/taylor-george-augustine-8756 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Harold Edward Taylor|Taylor, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP3-NMD] - 1896(Vic)-1918(Vic) - Licences: XJCZ Melbourne (Camberwell South, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Arthur Taylor|Taylor, Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF77-443] - 1907(Eng)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AT Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1042, 1932, WA; AOLCP 216, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1934); radio engineer (6KG, Parkeston, WA, 1937-1943; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1963); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Edward Jack Taylor|Taylor, Herbert Edward Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52W-53Q] - 1913(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Monteagle (1934); 2TC Monteagle (1935-1939, 1946-1955); 2TC Bundanoon (1956-1961); 2TC Sydney (Cronulla, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1459, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2TM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2TM Tamworth commercial service - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Monteagle, NSW, 1936-1954; Bundanoon, NSW, 1958); self employed (Gymea, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Cronulla, NSW, 1972); retired (Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Herbert James Taylor|Taylor, Herbert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNP1-WPP] - 1888(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XPO Warracknabeal (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: ledgerkeeper (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1914-1917); clerk (Camperdown, Vic, 1919); bookkeeper (Bendigo, Vic, 1921; Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1927); shopkeeper (Carlton, Vic, 1928); bookkeeper (Toorak, Vic, 1931); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); caretaker (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Leslie Harry Taylor|Taylor, Leslie Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-CD4] - 1898(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1723, 1936, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)   - Electoral Rolls: manager (Leichhardt, 1930-1933; Ashfield, 1935-1968); retired (Ashfield, 1977)

* [[/Norman Stanley Taylor|Taylor, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L66R-XLB] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Sct) - Licences: 3PX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931); 2BC Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1936; McMahons Point, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 469, 1919; COCP2, 275, 1939  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Comment: Another NST passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Milsons Point, NSW, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034201 AWM]; [https://www.cwgc.org/umbraco/surface/Pdf/WarDeadCertificate/?id=2964901 CWGC]; [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/36827.html Uboats]; [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/la-estancia.html Aus Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Thomas Taylor|Taylor, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2J-ZXD] - 1913(Vic)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6TT Perth (Rossmoyne, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1584, 1935, Vic; COCP3 919, 1950; COCP1 1599, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous WTTs - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Fremantle, WA, 1949; Spearwood, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1968); engineer (Riverton, WA, 1972); retired (Balga, WA, 1977)

===''TEECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Teece|Teece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Auburn Selwyn Teece|Teece, Cecil Auburn Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z37-JSS] - 1885(NSW)-1970(ACT) - Licences: V733 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GO Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 2AWM Canberra (Reid, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, 1909); examiner (Kew, 1910); civil servant (Kew, 1912; Hawthorn, 1914-1917); examiner of patents (Box Hill, 1919); civil servant (Toorak, 1922; Sandringham, 1924; St Kilda, 1928; East Melbourne, 1931; Reid, ACT, 1935-1937; Barton, 1943); public servant (Barton, 1949-1954); retired (Braddon, 1958-1968)

===''TEMBY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Temby|Temby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Kevin Temby|Temby, Francis Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-N7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3WR Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1871, 1937, Vic; BOCP 114, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963; Camberwell North, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Harold Moyle Temby|Temby, Harold Moyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCF-35M] - 1914(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2ZJ Broken Hill (1934-1939, 1947-1956); 5ZJ Adelaide (Brighton, 1960-1965; Hove, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1334, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1954)

===''TEMPLEMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeman|Templeman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Joseph Templeman|Templeman, George Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR73-RR6] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AFV Barmedman (1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1839, 1936, NSW; COCP2 268, 1939; COCP1 628, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Barmedman, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''TEMPLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeton|Templeton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Lander Templeton|Templeton, Gordon Lander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-VLH] - 1909(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3OW Coleraine (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 631, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Tahara Bridge, 1931-1937) - Relationships: Cousin of 3HG Neil Murray Templeton - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neil Murray Templeton|Templeton, Neil Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6SD-RDT] - 1911(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3HG Coleraine (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 632, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1934-1937); RAAF (Canterbury, 1943); grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1949-1963) - Relationships: Cousin of 3OW Gordon Lander Templeton

===''TERNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ternes|Ternes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry McDonald Ternes|Ternes, Henry McDonald &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L169-WP1] - 1910(Vic)-1940(PNG) - Licences: 3AV Melbourne (Carnegie, 1932-1933; Oakleigh, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 975, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Accidentally killed, apparently not on active service [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206829903] - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Oakleigh, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''THACKERAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thackeray|Thackeray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Makepeace Thackeray|Thackeray, Alan Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXQ-K1M] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2TA Young (1933-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1387, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Young, NSW, 1934-1968)

===''THEEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth Milton Theel|Theel, Kenneth Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD1Z-1Z9] - 1908(SA)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5CT Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5QP Adelaide (St Peters, 1927-1933; Clarence Park, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 322, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ledger keeper (Reade Park Gardens, SA, 1941-1943)

===''THOMAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomas|Thomas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. P. Thomas|Thomas, C. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YN Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1924; Annandale, 1924; Granville, 1924-1925); 4CP Willis Island (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Eric Thomas|Thomas, David Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8BC-N2Z] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ZL Ballarat East (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 890, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cleaner (Ballarat East, Vic, 1931-1936); railway employee (Ballarat East, Vic, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Sylvanus Thomas|Thomas, George Sylvanus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5QL-ZYS] - 1893(NSW)-1983(???) - Licences: XGV Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954-1958; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); fitter (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Kirk Raleigh Thomas|Thomas, Henry Kirk Raleigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-8LL] - 1902(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HT Sydney (Mosman, 1924; Neutral Bay, 1925-1933; Cremorne, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1, 1924, No. 1 in NSW and Australia - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948); broadcast engineer (2GB, assistant engineer, 1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1934; Mosman, NSW, 1934-1937); soldier (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Meadowbank, NSW, 1958; Ryde, NSW, 1968); engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1972); retired (Newrybar, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Thomas|Thomas, Herbert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DY Perth (CBD, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, salesman (Harris Scarfe, 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous HTs

* [[/Ivor Thomas|Thomas, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-Q3G] - 1897(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5IT Adelaide (Mitcham, 1929-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 496, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Kingswood Park, 1939-1943)

* [[/Josiah Thomas|Thomas, Josiah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSY-Y24] - 1863(Eng)-1933(NSW) - establishment radio station (2CH), state politician (NSW, MLA, 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR, Postmaster-General 1908-1909, 1910-1911) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/L. H. Thomas|Thomas, L. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DM Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Roland Henry Thomas|Thomas, Roland Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-7Z4] - 1911(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4LR Brisbane (Bulimba, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1058, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bulimba, 1934); radio technician (Bulimba, Qld, 1937-1972); proprietor (Manly West, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Roy Valentine Thomas|Thomas, Roy Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6H-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (Erskinville, 1925); 2RV Sydney (Bondi North, 1927-1930); 2TK Sydney (South Hurstville, 1947-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 62, 19??, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (North Bondi, NSW, 1930); no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1933); radio dealer (Bankstown, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''THOMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thompson|Thompson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil Thompson|Thompson, Alfred Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ1-VSP] - 1906(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AGV Sydney (Auburn, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1903, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Frederick Thompson|Thompson, Frederick]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HF Receive Sydney (East Balmain, 1922-1923); 2HF Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 47, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: several contemporaneous F. Thompson - TroveTag: &quot;2HF - Frederick Thompson&quot;

* [[/G. F. Thompson|Thompson, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TH Melbourne (Carnegie, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey George Thompson|Thompson, Geoffrey George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SP-DDD] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3GT Melbourne (Thornbury, 1928; Melbourne CBD, 1931; Thornbury, 1933-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 388, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Thornbury, Vic, 1934-1937; North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); cameraman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Thompson|Thompson, Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ59-621] - 1899(Vic)-1984(Aus) - Licences: XJBU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914); 3BW Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1937); electrician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Jefferis Thompson|Thompson, Jefferis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJY-VZG] - 1901(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XP Wyong (1933-1937); 2XP Sydney (Guildford, 1938); 2XP Lismore (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 694, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wyong Creek, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Epping, NSW, 1943); sawmiller (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1949); share farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1954-1958); farmer (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1963); retired (Natural Bridge, Qld, 1968)

* [[/John Kitchener Thompson|Thompson, John Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-2VH] - 1916(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Yarraville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2133, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3YM Sydney Arthur Thompson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Seaholme, Vic, 1942-1949); toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/John William Thompson|Thompson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWK-YD4] - 1918(WA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1939, 1948-1950; Dulwich Hill, 1954-1955; Stanmore, 1956-1957; Earlwood, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2323, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWTs - Electoral Rolls: company representative (Earlwood, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Neville Weston Fane Thompson|Thompson or Fane-Thompson, Leonard Neville Weston Fane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJKN-FJV] - 1899(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LT Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1933; Carrum, 1937-1939; Bonbeach, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 762, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Batallion Reinf, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clerk at time of enlistment, 1918; railway employee (Glenferrie, 1925; Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1934; Carrum, 1936-1954)

* [[/Maxwell Mannering Thompson|Thompson, Maxwell Mannering]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB43-7XL] - 1917(Vic)-2010(USA)93yo - Licences: 3VT Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3OO Melbourne (Parkdale, 1969-1975; Mt Eliza, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 272, 1935; AOCP 1922, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Ralph Noel Thompson|Thompson, Ralph Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-14T] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (East Brunswick, Vic, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1153, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carlton, Vic, 1942; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980) 

* [[/Ronald Roy Thompson|Thompson, Ronald Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY41-LJ4] - 1915(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1935-1937); 3UF Tatura (1938-1939); 3UF Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1550, 1935, Vic; COCP2 137, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Preston, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Stanley Gordon Thompson|Thompson, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLZ-S21] - 1906(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (North Brighton, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: expert (Brighton, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936); sales (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Thompson|Thompson, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2S-R6L] - 1913(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3YM Melbourne (Yarraville, 1936-1939; Glenroy, 1947-1954; West Essendon, 1955-1960; Essendon, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1776, 1936, Vic; COCP2 359, 1940; COCP1 448, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lilydale, Vic, 1935-1937); faller (Healesville, Vic, 1949); electrical fitter (Essendon North, Vic, 1954); foreman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''THOMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomson|Thomson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Thomson|Thomson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZND-ZPF] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Sunshine (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 145, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AWTs - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1931; Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1980)

* [[/Gordon Leonard Thomson|Thomson, Gordon Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG83-718] - 1904(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GT Sydney (Waverley, 1924-1926); 2AVT Sydney (Hurstville, 1969, 1980); operator of 2BV Waverley Radio Club - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3, 1924, No. 2 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Citizen's Military Forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1980) - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/home/waverley-amateur-radio-society-home-page/club-history/ WARC]

* [[/Henry Chatham Thomson|Thomson, Henry Chatham &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7DZ-6CN] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZE Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1462, 1935, Vic; AOCP1 10, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''THORBURN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVJ-9MS] - 1915(NSW)-1982(Eng) - Licences: 2AIP Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2017, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1949); radio tradesman (Hurstville, NSW, 1958)

===''THORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorley|Thorley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Thorley|Thorley, Roy &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-8GW] - 1912(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4RT Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1937; Annerley, 1938-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, president); business proprietor (mechanical engineering) - Comment: killed in automobile accident - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); engineer (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1963); contractor (Charters Towers, Qld, 1963)

===''THORNCROFT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorncroft|Thorncroft, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. Thorncroft|Thorncroft, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABM Sydney (Rookwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''THORNHILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornhill|Thornhill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Royal Thornhill|Thornhill, Leslie Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-YPB] - 1909(Qld)-1949?(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2341, 1939, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ayr, Qld, 1930-1936; Bundaberg, Qld, 1937); telegraphist (Wynnum, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/804492 VWM]

===''THORNLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornley|Thornley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Peter Edmund Thornley|Thornley, Peter Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP3-G4L] - 1920(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PE Camperdown (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1845, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1963; Chadstone, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''THORNTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornton|Thornton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey William Thornton|Thornton, Geoffrey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G94S-VKR] - 1917(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IP Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Avalon Beach, 1954; Cammeray, 1955-1975; Avalon Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1511, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous GWT - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cammeray, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Cammeray, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''THORPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorpe|Thorpe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Graham Thorpe|Thorpe, Thomas Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT97-XQP] - 1916(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AMC Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2QT Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1950; Castlecrag, 1954-1955; Mascot, 1956-1957); 2QT Mittagong (1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2264, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1937); dental surgeon (Mosman, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954; Mittagong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''THRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis William Thring|Thring, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XFG-ZY6] - 1882(NSW)-1936(Vic) - Film producer; founder 3XY Melbourne - Links: [[w:F. W. Thring|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/thring-francis-william-frank-19779 Obituaries Australia]

===''THROSSELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lancelot Ledsam Throssell|Throssell or Throssel, Lancelot Ledsam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHFL-59C] - 1902(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6LT Northam (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 248, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Northam, 1925-1931); civil servant (Northam, 1936-1937); clerk (Bruce Rock, 1943); bank officer (Kojonup, 1954; Innaloo, 1963-1972); retired (Osborne Park, 1980)

===''THUGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thuge|Thuge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Thuge|Thuge, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-F55] - 1917(Qld)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4NC Gladstone (1936-1937); 4NO Gladstone (1938-1939); 4NO Brisbane (Hendra, 1947); 2ANO Sydney (Stanmore, 1948-1950; Arncliffe, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1622, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Petersham, NSW, 1949; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1972)

===''THURSTAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thurstan|Thurstan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wyngate Thurstan|Thurstan, Arthur Wyngate]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVFV-XSS] - 1907(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AV Sydney (Penshurst, 1924-1929; Sandringham, 1930; Penshurst, 1931; West Kogarah, 1933-1934; Penshurst, 1935-1939; Beverley Hills, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 38, 1924, No ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); chief chemist (Lempriere &amp; Co) - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930; Penshurst, NSW, 1932; West Kogarah, NSW, 1933; Penshurst, NSW, 1935); metallurgist (Peakhurst, NSW, 1936-1972)

===''THYNNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thynne|Thynne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Joseph Thynne|Thynne, Andrew Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3H-T8K] - 1847(Irl)-1927(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1867, eventually Lieutenant-Colonel), profession (solicitor, Qld, 1873-1882), state politician (Qld MLC, Minister for Justice and Attorney General; Qld Postmaster-General, 1894-1897)

===''TIBBETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tibbett|Tibbett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Stephen Tibbett|Tibbett, Ernest Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQP-414] - 1915(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AEB Sydney (Waitara, 1936-1938); 2AEB Gunnedah (1947-1950); 2BCE Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1751, 1936, NSW; BOCP 248, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dairy hand (Canonbury Grove, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Waitara, NSW, 1937; Gunnedah, NSW, 1943-1953; Tamworth, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''TIERNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tierney|Tierney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent Edward Buckley Tierney|Tierney, Vincent Edward Buckley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZJ-GZK] - 1905(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AIT Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AVT Sydney (Guildford, 1948-1950; Edgecliff, 1954; Double Bay, 1955; Edgecliff, 1956-1958); 2OX Sydney (Edgecliff, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2018, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Edgecliff, NSW, 1935-1937); electrician (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949; Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972); retired (Kings Cross, NSW, 1977)

===''TILBROOK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clem David Lloyd Tilbrook|Tilbrook, Clem David Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-4PQ] - 1912(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5GL Adelaide (Brighton, 1933-1937; Camden, 1938-1939; Colonel Light Gardens, 1947-1965; Daw Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1210, 1933, SA; 2COCP 381, 1940; 1COCP 468, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camden, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Stewart Tiley|Tiley, Clement Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX94-584] - 1893(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XCT Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1937); school master (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954); educational (Mosman, NSW, 1958); teacher (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiller|Tiller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Eric Roy Tiller|Tiller, Walter Eric Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FZ-BXV] - 1893(NSW)-1945(SA) - Licences: 6CO Receive Perth (East Guildford, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mullewa, WA, 1916-1921); teacher (Exeter, SA, 1939-1941)

===''TILLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tillett|Tillett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Tillett|Tillett, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-J5K] - 1908(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 717, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (South Como, WA, 1931-1937); artist (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); departmental manager (South Perth, WA, 1958-1963)

===''TILNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tilney|Tilney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Edward Tilney|Tilney, Leslie Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPDS-4PK] - 1870(NSW)-1937(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 13, 1914 - early wireless experimenter (army); coastal wireless officer; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Applecross, WA, 1916-1917); soldier (Claremont, WA, 1917); commissioner (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1931); civil servant (Malvern, Vic, 1933-1936) - TroveTag: &quot;Leslie Edward Tilney&quot; (400+ tags) - Links: [https://www.anzac-biographies.com/2021/06/05/tilney-lieutenant-colonel-leslie-edward-dso-mid-vd/ Bio]

===''TILSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Howard Tilse|Tilse, Arthur Howarde &quot;Howard&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTK5-CS8] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4WO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939; South Brisbane, 1946-1948; Yeronga, 1954-1970) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 725, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 155, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Army Signals, RAAF); art dealer - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Yeronga, 1934-1937); RAAF wireless operator (West End, Townsville, 1943); radio operator (South Brisbane, 1949); art dealer (Yeronga, 1954-1972)
===''TIMMINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Timmins|Timmins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Timmins|Timmins, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-V4G] - 19??(???)-Living - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcast engineer (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA), senior federal public servant (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA) - Electoral Rolls: student (Yeronga, Qld, 1958); professional engineer (The Gap, Qld, 1968); engineer (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1972; Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Timmins|Timmins, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWM-CC9] - 1908(Qld)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKZ Sydney (Drummoyne, 1939); 2APY Stokers Siding (1954); 2APY Sydney (Lane Cove, 1955-1975; Gordon, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 11, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous FJT b.1888, d.1957 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1934); wireless operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1949); storekeeper (Stokers Siding, NSW, 1954; Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Gordon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TINKLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Tinkler|Tinkler, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF88-4GR] - 1915(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3ZV Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+); 3AZV Mobile Melbourne (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2019, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 960, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937); air force (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); manufacturer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949); engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TIPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Charles Tipping|Tipping, Edward Charles]] - 19??(???)-1968(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (WIQ, member, 1912), federal public servant (PMGD, clerk/accountant), military (Captain, Royal Engineers)
===''TIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiver|Tiver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. G. Tiver|Tiver, R. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Tanunda (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TOAKLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Toakley|Toakley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Tom Trippier Toakley|Toakley, Tom Trippier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW7-3DC] - 1896(Eng)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 2AFO Katoomba (1936-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1837, 1936, NSW; BOCP 530, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 5/56th Battalion, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''TODD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Todd|Todd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Hugh Todd|Todd, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-7SG] - 1919(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4HT Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937; Newmarket, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Red Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1639, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1954-1977) 

* [[/Charles Todd|Todd, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3X-PJ6] - 1826(Eng)-1910(SA) - senior state public servant (Government Electrician, Postmaster-General SA) - Links: [[w:Charles Todd (pioneer)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/todd-sir-charles-4727 ADB]

* [[/Lionel Victor Glen Todd|Todd, Lionel Victor Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5CG-Z68] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2CR Tamworth (1922-1935); 2LS Tamworth (1936-1938); 2LS Sydney (Denistone, 1939; West Ryde, 1957-1965; Denistone, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 132, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 282, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CR callsign withdrawn by PMG in 1935 for 2CR Orange (Blayney) ABC - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (West Tamworth, 1932-1937); assistant radio inspector (Eastwood, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2CR-2LS - Lionel Victor Glen Todd&quot;

* [[/Milton Buchanan Todd|Todd, Milton Buchanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-NQT] - 1892(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 63, 1915; 1COCP 81, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Thursday Island, 1916); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1930-1935); officer (Lewisham, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1937; Croydon, NSW, 1943; Townsville, 1949); senior radio officer (Townsville, 1954); radio officer (Kensington, NSW, 1958); retired (Blaxland, 1958)

* [[/Tom Arthur Todd|Todd, Tom Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD9C-7P5] - 1906(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2OT Receive Sydney (Eastwood, 1923); 2TT Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 984, 1928; 2COCP 50, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, 1930-1937); radio mechanic (Eastwood, 1943-1977)

===''TOMKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tomkins|Tomkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Sheppard Tomkins|Tomkins, Norman Sheppard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXZ-2LR] - 1907(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2NT Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1936; Northmead, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 435, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Redfern, NSW, 1932-1933; Parramatta, NSW, 1934-1935; Northmead, NSW, 1936-1949); police sergeant (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''TONGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Edward Tonge|Tonge, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-MNM] - 1895(Eng)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AR Brisbane (Taringa, 1933; Indooroopilly, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1149, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 54, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darra, 1931; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937); mechanic (Milton, 1943-1949); process worker (Indooroopilly, 1954)

===''TONGS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Melville Tongs|Tongs, Lawrence or Laurence Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9L-Y7N] - 1899(Tas)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 7BU Receive North Motton (1923); Receive North Motton (1923); 2ADB Finley (1937-1939); 7LT Devonport (1960-1969); 3ALV Melbourne (Parkville, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 687, 1922; 2COCP 421, 1941 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Finley, 1930-1935); radio dealer (1936-1949); farmer (Dandenong, 1954); radio technician (Devonport, 1972); retired (Parkville, 1977-1980)

===''TONKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Maxwell Tonkin|Tonkin, Arthur Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLL6-HT9] - 1915(WA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 6MZ Katanning (1935-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Salisbury, 1948); 5TI Clare (1975); 5MZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1525, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937) 

* [[/Stanley Gordon Tonkin|Tonkin, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DQ-2R1] - 1910(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2SG Albury (1929-1931); 2SG Sydney (Double Bay, 1933; Waverley, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, 1937); 2SG Goonellabah (1938-1939); 2SG Sydney (Epping, 1946-1955); 5SG Adelaide (Hampstead Gardens, 1956; Manningham, 1969; Glenunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 520, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 57, 1931; 2COCP 391, 1940; 1COCP 493, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Woolwich, 1932); engineer (Edgecliff, 1933); mechanic (Waverley, 1934); radio engineer (Newtown, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936; Goonellabah, 1937; Eastwood, 1943); radio technician (West Epping, 1949-1954)

===''TOPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Albert Topping|Topping, Francis Albert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJGB-HNS] - 1888(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XJAU Melbourne (Croxton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Wireless Signal School; 8th Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: coachmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1909); motor bodymaker (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1919; Preston, Vic, 1921-1968); motor builder (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C295830 AWM]

===''TORMEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tormey|Tormey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Tormey|Tormey, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-85X] - 1902(NSW)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 2ET Canberra (City, 1930-1934; Ainslie, 1935-1939, 1946-1955); 1ET Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 687, 1930, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Braddon, 1928-1930; Ainslie, 1935); bus driver (Ainslie, 1937); car driver (Ainslie, 1943-1980)

===''TORRINGTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Torrington|Torrington, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roger Noel Torrington|Torrington, Roger Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5B3-HQ2] - 1917(NSW)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Waverley, 1935-1936; Bondi, 1937-1939); 3TJ Melbourne (West Preston, 1947; Pascoe Vale South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1416, 1935, NSW; COCP2 185, 1938; COCP1 232, 1939; TVOCP 79, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon, Vic, 1942); technician (Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TOWNS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Towns|Towns, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Towns|Towns, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M754-H1R] - 1886(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 7, 1914 - ship wireless operator?; AWA employee; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1915-1917, discharged medically unfit - TB; 8th Division Signallers, Sergeant, 1915) - Comment: wireless operator AWA, 1915 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milsons Point, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Paddington, NSW, 1930); retired (Warringah, NSW, 1933)

===''TOWNSEND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Townsend|Townsend, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hewitt Jack Townsend|Townsend, Hewitt Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBMN-ZZ5] - 1920(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5HT Adelaide (Mile End, 1938-1939, 1947; North Glenelg, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2245, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mile End, SA, 1943)

===''TOZER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tozer|Tozer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Paul Joseph Tozer|Tozer, Paul Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-MDM] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3PN Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933; Elwood, 1937-1939); 3APT Melbourne (Tyabb , 1954-1955); 3AAQ Melbourne (Camberwell, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1156, 1933, Vic; COCP2 205, 1939; COCP1 370, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Melbourne, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937-1942); fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1949); orchardist (Tyabb, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963); postmaster (Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Henley Tozer|Tozer, Robert Henley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKM-CJ2] - 1909(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RT Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1931-1933; Alphington, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 749, 1931, Vic; BOCP 406, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield East,  Vic, 1931-1934); electrician (Alphington, Vic, 1936-1954); audiometerist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TRAEGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traeger|Traeger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Hermann Traeger|Traeger, Alfred Hermann or Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNJ-LRP] - 1895(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AX Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1926-1931; Corryton, 1933-1937; Marratville, 1938-1939); 8XT Portable Northern Territory (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 293, 1926, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; inventor (with 5BG) of the pedal wireless for the RFDS - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, 1930-1932); wireless engineer (Leabrook, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/traeger-alfred-hermann-8839 ADB]

===''TRAILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traill|Traill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland John Traill|Traill, Rowland John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2L3-Y4X] - 1909(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2XQ Quirindi (1933); 2XQ Maitland West (1934); 2XQ Walgett (1935); 2XQ Catherine Hill Bay (1936); 2XQ West Maitland (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2XQ Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1954-1965; Hamilton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1167, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Catherine Hill Bay, NSW, 1930-1943; West Maitland, NSW, 1949; Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendent (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''TRAYNOR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Philip Byron Traynor|Traynor, Philip Byron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-LCT] - 1900(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 224, 1925, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 353, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mile End, 1939); federal public servant (Glandore, 1941); inspector (Torrens Park, 1943)

===''TREBILCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric William Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Eric William]] - 1911(???)-1989(SA) - BERS195 (1933+), amateur listener

* [[/Richard Ernest Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Richard Ernest &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2NP-123] - 1880(Vic)-1976(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3TL Kerang (1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1381, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Captain, Military Cross, 1916-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Leopold, Vic, 1905; Kerang, Vic, 1909-1972) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10681660 AWM]; [https://gnet.tgc.vic.edu.au/wiki/TREBILCOCK-Richard-Ernest-MC-1880-1976.ashx Geelong College]; [https://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-38/t1-g-t3.html SLV]

===''TREDREA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Aloysius Trevithick Tredrea|Tredrea, Frederick Aloysius Trevithick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MC1W-M7C] - 1900(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6FT Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1929-1931; South Perth, 1933); 6FT Northam (1937); 6FT Perth (South Perth, 1938-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 512, 1929, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 156, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, 1925); radio operator (Northam, 1936); broadcast engineer (South Perth, 1937-1958)

===''TREGEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregear|Tregear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Tregear|Tregear, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8R-D9F] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XNH Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914); 3TR Melbourne (Hawthorn 1927); 3TX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1931-1938); 2TS Sydney (Artarmon, 1939); 3TX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Ashburton, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 62, 1935 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3TR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3TR Traralgon commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kensington, Vic, 1917-1922; Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); civil servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''TREGURTHA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Clinton Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Frank Clinton or Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G527-SRR] - 1911(Qld)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Sydney (Carlton, 1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; Kirribilli, 1938; Kogarah Bay, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 24, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RN &amp; RAN, Warrant Telegraphist, 1929-1949) - Electoral Rolls: Naval officer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C251801 AWM Autobiography]

===''TREHARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treharne|Treharne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne|Treharne, Elgar Dennis Llewellyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-X9R] - 1914(NSW)-1997(SA) - Licences: 2AFQ Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 3AFQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1947); 5ED Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1956; St Peters, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1852, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2BM-5QT Herbert Fredrind Treharne and brother of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/Herbert Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Herbert Fredrind &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F8-6ZN] - 1883(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 2BM Sydney (Burwood, 1947-1958); 5QT Adelaide (St Peters, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 140, 1947, NSW, age 60) - amateur operator - Relationships: Father of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne and 2AFQ-3AFQ-5ED Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1954); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2BM-5QT - Herbert Fredrind Treharne&quot;

* [[/Ross Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Ross Fredrind]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-DJD] - 1919(NSW)-1982(SA) - Licences: 2IQ Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1947); 5IQ Adelaide (Plympton, 1954-1955; Clearview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1513, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of Fred 2BM/5QT and brother of Elgar 2AFQ/5?? - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1943)

===''TRELIVING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Benjamin Victor Treliving|Treliving, Dudley Benjamin Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2D7-B6C] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923); 6DT Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 992, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Cottesloe, WA, 1936-1937); engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943)

===''TRELOAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treloar|Treloar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Treloar|Treloar, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMJ-379] - 1906(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JT Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1933; Melville, 1937; Beaconsfield, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 790, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1943); tally clerk (Bicton, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Herbert Ross Treloar|Treloar, William Herbert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-GHC] - 1922(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3ABC Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1947-1956); 2BPZ Sydney (Woollahra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2421, 1939, Vic; COCP1 433, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (The Righi, Vic, 1949-1954); flight service officer (Dover Heights, NSW, 1963); communications officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''TRESIDDER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Laurence Tresidder|Tresidder, William Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PT-SQ7] - 1904(WA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Bendigo (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Bendigo, 1927-1942); radio (Kangaroo Flat, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Bendigo, 1963-1980)

===''TREW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trew|Trew, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Stanley Trew|Trew, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCB6-GW4] - 1902(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6RS Harvey (1933-1937); 6RS Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1938-1939); 6RP Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1189, 1933, WA; 2COCP 382, 1940; 1COCP 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant postal department (York, WA, 1925); postal assistant (York, WA, 1926); postal employee (Harvey, WA, 1931-1937); postal clerk (Leederville, WA, 1937-1943); PMG (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); radio monitor (Joondanna Heights, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TREZISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trezise|Trezise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Trezise|Trezise, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXX-38H] - 1902(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AMX Broken Hill (1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2337, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''TRICKETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trickett|Trickett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Francis Trickett|Trickett, William James Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-784] - 1898(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 242 Sydney (Auburn, 1920) (recorded as DJ Trickett, likely typo); 2BT Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 15th Reinfs, 2nd Signal Troop, 1916; transferred Wireless Anzac Signal Sqdn 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937; Manly, NSW, 1943); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (North Sydney, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''TRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trim|Trim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Trim|Trim, Sydney (Electoral Rolls) or Sidney (BDM)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL7D-NLM] - 1880(Vic)-1960(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 179; 2COCP 178, 1930; 1COCP 105, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1913; West Perth, WA, 1913-1914); &quot;radio station&quot; (Wyndham, WA, 1914-1917); farmer (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Applecross, WA, 1937-1958)

===''TRIPP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tripp|Tripp, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Tripp|Tripp, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG7N-LLD] - 1881(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XEZ Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914); 2UC Receive Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923); 1492 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic &amp; blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1930); garage proprietor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''TROTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement Ford Trott|Trott, Clement Ford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGY-XPN] - 1907(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CS McLaren Vale (1928-1929); 5CF McLaren Vale (1930-1931); 5CF Willunga (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 454, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (McLaren Flat, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Troy|Troy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Rusel Troy|Troy, Thomas Rusel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKG-MKH] - 1898(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2SH Receive West Maitland (1923); 2SH West Maitland (1924-1925); 2TY West Maitland (1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 208, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postman (West Maitland, NSW, 1930-1949); postal officer (Maitland, NSW, 1954); postal clerk (Maitland, NSW, 1958)

===''TRUDGEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maxwell Wallis Trudgen|Trudgen, Maxwell Wallis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3H-XYH] - 1907(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (East Adelaide, 1926); 5HS Adelaide (Fullarton, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 247, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, 1939-1941); mechanical engineer (Sydney, 1943-1954); engineer (Little Bay, 1958-1968)
===''TRUMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Truman|Truman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Paul Truman|Truman, Raymond Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1V-P74] - 1914(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2KA Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1934); 2NV Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1935-1937; Killara, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 723, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: eg 2KA amateur callsign likely withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KA Katoomba commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1937); accountant (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1958; Killara, NSW, 1963); chartered accountant (Northbridge, NSW, 1968); accountant (Castle Cove, NSW, 1972-1977; Bayview, NSW, 1980)

===''TRUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trumble|Trumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Compson Trumble|Trumble, Hugh Compson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7F-JXP] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XMQ Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1916-1927); physician (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1928); medical practitioner (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); not stated (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/trumble-hugh-compson-11884 ADB]

===''TRUNFULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trunfull|Trunfull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Leonard Trunfull|Trunfull, Richard Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBL-K7B] - 1906(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6RT South Greenough (1932-1933); 6RT Peel Estate (1937); 6RT Roebourne (1938-1939); 6RT Dangin (1947-1948); 6RT Nungarin (1954); 6RT Narembeen (1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 924, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (South Greenough, WA, 1931; Baldavis, WA, 1936; Dangin, WA, 1943-1949; Nungarin, WA, 1954; Narembeen, WA, 1958)

===''TRYTHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trythall|Trythall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Munckton Trythall|Trythall, Geoffrey Munckton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5J-X88] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3DA Melbourne (Melbourne City, 1947; Caulfield, 1948; East Ivanhoe, 1954-1965; Brighton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2148, 1938, Vic; COCP3 5000, 1964 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954-1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TUMBRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Henry Tumbridge|Tumbridge, Stanley Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM12-M1C] - 1899(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4ST Ipswich (1932-1933); 4ST Stanthorpe (1937-1939); 4ST Broadwater, 1947-1948; 4ST Brisbane (Woody Point, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 986, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Woodend, Qld, 1921); teacher (Murgon, Qld, 1925); school teacher (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1936-1937; Broadwater, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Margate, Qld, 1949-1954; Woody Point, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''TUNNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tunny|Tunny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Terence Gilbert Tunny|Tunny, Terence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7VF-NWH] - 1900(Qld)-1952(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1499, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: night officer (Bundaberg, Qld, 1925-1937); acting station master (Laidley, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''TURNBULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Edward Turnbull|Turnbull, Norman Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TP-7K8] - 1900(WA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 6NO Narrogin (1928); 6NO Perth (City, 1930; Subiaco, 1931; Shenton Park, 1937-1939); 3AXX Melbourne (Armadale, 1954; Carrum, 1955; Parkdale, 1956; Cheltenham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 430, 1928, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1120, 1928; 1COCP 185, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Bunbury, 1922; Busselton, 1925; Narrogin, 1925; Subiaco, 1931); radio inspector (Subiaco, 1934-1936); civil servant (East Perth, 1937); engineer (Armadale, 1954); clerk (Sandringham, 1958); manager (Sandringham, 1963-1968; Cheltenham, 1972); retired (Cheltenham, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert William Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert William or Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1S-GP4]  - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RO Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1938; Northbridge, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 317, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''TURNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turner|Turner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Reginald Turner|Turner, Edward Arthur Reginald &quot;Rex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT9-JD5] - 1910(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CW Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1925); 5SA Adelaide (Leabrook, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 272, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butter maker (Gawler, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Alfred Turner|Turner, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-XZ9] - 1913(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Maryborough (1937-1939); 3GN Ararat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1998, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maryborough, Vic, 1937); cinematograph operator (Ararat, Vic, 1943-1967); cinema operator (Ararat, Vic, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Haswell Elliott Alfred Turner|Turner, Haswell Elliott Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQG-8TG] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Sydney (Mosman, 1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 127, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer, military - Comment: likely related to XACW E. Turner, Jnr

* [[/Leonard James Turner|Turner or Wolfe, Leonard James or Leslie Adolphus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTW2-TGX] - 1898(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AJB Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1947); 2AJB Muswellbrook (1948); 2AJB Coffs Harbour (1950); 2LR Kyogle (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2407, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Ralph Robinson Turner|Turner, Ralph Robinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2D-S51] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5TR Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1935-1937; Dulwich, 1938-1939; Linden Park, 1947-1969; Echunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1444, 1935, SA; BOCP 66, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dulwich, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Robert John Blackwell Turner|Turner, Robert John Blackwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62T-FP7] - 1884(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2RT Goulburn (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 55, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''TUSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tuson|Tuson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Tuson|Tuson, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SR-BQG] - 1895(Eng)-1978(???) - Licences: XAEG North Coast (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 65, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied 1915); started Coffs Harbour Scouts 1909 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (1915, application to enlist WW1); technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1936); technician (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1963; Woy Woy, NSW, 1968-1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977) - Links: [https://www.otva.com/newsltrarch/79APR.PDF OTVA Obit]

===''TUTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kerr Tutton|Tutton, John Kerr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-7X8] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 956, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''TWEEDLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/P. Tweedle|Tweedle, P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DM Receive Brisbane (Albion, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''TWYCROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Twycross|Twycross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Kemp Twycross|Twycross, James Kemp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDM-1WN] - 1892(Vic)-1959(WA) - Licences: XMJ Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1913-1914); 9AW Rabaul, NG (1937-1939); 6JT Boya (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 198, 1916; 2COCP 187, 1930; 1COCP 187, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1913; Abbotsford, Vic, 1914; Kew, Vic, 1914-1919); 1920s &amp; 1930s New Guinea; public servant (Boya, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TYAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Robert Wilson Tyas|Tyas, Norman Robert Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHC-SK6] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4TY Gracemere (1932-1934); 4TY Kingaroy (1935-1939); 4TY Brisbane (Manly, 1946-1948); 4TY Boonah (1954); 4TY Wallangarra (1955-1956); 4TY Warwick (1960); Brisbane (Manly, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1059, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); state public servant (state school principal) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Kingaroy, Qld, 1936-1943; Brookstead, Qld, 1949; Mt Alford, Qld, 1954); teacher (Wallangarra, Qld, 1958); school teacher (Warwick, Qld, 1963; Manly, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''TYMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tymms|Tymms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Tymms|Tymms, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-R2D] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 84, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Geraldton, 1922; Como, 1925); not stated (Broome, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Townsville, 1954)

===''TYRER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tyrer|Tyrer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Y. Tyrer|Tyrer, F. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGY Sydney (Toongabbie, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''U'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''UMBACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ricky Charles Umback|Umback, Ricky Charles]] - early wireless historian (Ph.D. Thesis, 2016, &quot;Constituting Australia's International Wireless Service: 1901-1922&quot;) [https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/142647/1/Umback%20Thesis%202018.pdf]
===''UNDERWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Henry Underwood|Underwood, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-1XZ] - 1875(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Newstead, Qld, 1913-1915; Clayfield, Qld, 1916-1943); no occupation (Albion, Qld, 1943; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949)

===''UNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Unger|Unger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Herbert Unger|Unger, Alan Herbert]] - Living - Licences: 2YRS Alectown (1980+) - Qualifications: BOCP; AOLCP - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 2UJ Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger|Unger, Herbert Wilhelm Carl or Herbert William Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3K-BNB] - 1910(Vic)-2012(NSW, 101yo) - Licences: 2UJ Alectown (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1108, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2YRS Alan Herbert Unger - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Alectown, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''UNWIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John James Unwin|Unwin, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-SKZ] - 1908(Eng)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CB Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937); engineer (North Perth, WA, 1943-1954); assistant manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1963); manager (Hopetoun, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Albany, WA, 1977-1980)

===''URQUHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. M. Urquhart|Urquhart, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAB Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Malcolm Stewart Urquhart|Urquhart, Malcolm Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXT-5C3] - 1905(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1925-1939); 6MU Merredin (1946-1960); 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 116, 1925, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 27, 1936; AOLCP 158, 1934; 2COCP 85, 1937; 1COCP 126, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clerk (1931); broadcast technician (6MD, 1958); WW2 (1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Cottesloe, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast technician (Merredin, WA, 1943-1963)

===''UTHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Arthvael Uther|Uther, Gordon Arthvael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CH-34J] - 1885(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XIK Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;XIK - Gordon Arthvael Uther&quot; - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/uther-gordon-arthvael-14573 Obit]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11035570 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''V'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''VALE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vale|Vale, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay Harold Vale|Vale, Lindsay Harold &quot;Tubby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-858] - 1916(Vic)-1977(SA) - Licences: 3MK Mildura (1937-1938); 2AER Wentworth (1937); 2ANN Tathra (1946); 2ANN (North Bega, 1947); 2ANN Yowie Bay (1950); 2MR Sydney (Miranda, 1948); 5NO Adelaide (Elizabeth, 1960); 5NO Gawler East (1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1247, 1934, Vic; BOCP 54, 1936; AOCP1 41, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943); electrician (North Bega, NSW, 1949); engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1954; Eldo Tracking Station, Gove, NT, 1968)

===''VALENTINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Valentine|Valentine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Keith Valentine|Valentine, Lionel Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZVK] - 1916(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7KV Hobart (Bellerive, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1148, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellerive, Tas, 1937; Acton, ACT, 1949); public servant (Hobart West, Tas, 1958)

===''VAN COUTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Robert Josephus Van Cooth|Van Cooth, John Robert Josephus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GN-6ZP] - 1908(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda West, 1931)

===''VARDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vardon|Vardon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Edwin Vardon|Vardon, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-VPR] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923-1924); 5OM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 329, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Malvern, 1941-1943)

===''VARNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Varnes|Varnes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Hollier Varnes|Varnes, Harold Hollier &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L25S-L4Y] - 1911(Eng)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1933); 2ABB Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2ABB Newcastle (1938); 4GW West Bundaberg (1954-1960); 4HY Toowoomba (1975); 4HY Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 210, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naremburn, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1937); radio operator (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949); communication officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1949; Bundaberg, Qld, 1958-1969); public servant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''VAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vaughan|Vaughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edward Vaughan|Vaughan (also known as Hearps, change of name), David Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-HG5] - 1901(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FY Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1975); 2ADY Sydney (Lakemba, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 665, 1930, NSW (Hearps); AOCP 1003, 1932, NSW (Vaughan) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1937); machinist (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''VEALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Pax Veall|Veall, Reginald Pax]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-GR6] - 1918(Vic)-1942(NT) - Licences: 3PV Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2050, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 274, 1939; 1COCP 375, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Wireless Officer, MV Neptuna) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet found - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/47368 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034385 AWM]; [http://www.ntlexhibit.nt.gov.au/exhibits/show/bod/roh/veall NTL Exhibition] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''VEARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Elwyn Thomas Vears|Vears, Elwyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHS1-C67] - 1901(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2BM Leura (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Strathfield, 1930-1937; Burwood, 1943-1958)

===''VERNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vernon|Vernon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Vernon|Vernon, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88V-18Z] - 1901(WA)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6KZ Albany (1930-1931); 6KZ Perth (Fremantle, 1933-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1947); 6KZ Perth (Guildford, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 566, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Forts, Albany, 1922-1931; Fremantle, 1936-1937; 9AAD, Guildford, 1949-1954); retired (Wagin, 1958; Morley, 1963)

===''VESPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vesper|Vesper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Vesper|Vesper, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPW-HSP] - 1913(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2PV Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1230, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1963)

===''VICKARY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Mervyn Vickary|Vickary, Reginald Mervyn &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-CLP] - 1909(NSW)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RV Cunnamulla (1930-1933); 4RV Warwick (1936-1939); 4VX Brisbane (Gordon Park, 1965; The Grange, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 702, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Cunnamulla, 1931); radio dealer (Warwick, 1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); shopkeeper (Toowoomba, 1949; Ekibin, 1954; Chermside, 1963; Grange, 1968-1972)
===''VICKERY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth James Vickery|Vickery, Kenneth James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQP-WMQ] - 1893(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 2RA Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Hurlstone Park, 1930-1933); electrician (West Ryde, 1935; Parkes, 1936; Uralla, 1943); farmer (North Richmond, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2RA - Kenneth James Vickery&quot;

===''VINCENT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Vincent|Vincent, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-7S8] - 1906(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DL Receive Kalgoorlie (1923-1924); 6VK Kalgoorlie (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 59, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1931-1937); manufacturer (South Perth, WA, 1949-1963; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''VINING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vining|Vining, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Edward Vining|Vining, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR1-NLT] - 1906(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4WE Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 277, 1926, No. 22 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Nundah, 1928-1931); motor driver (Mitchelton, 1934; Gaythorne, 1936); mechanic (Gayndah, 1943); telephone mechanic (Enoggera, 1949-1963); telephone technician (Enoggera, 1968-1977)

===''VINNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vinning|Vinning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Alfred Vinning|Vinning, Howard Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVF-SHD] - 1919(Vic)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 3VG Sale (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 9VG Lae, PNG (1960); 1VG Canberra (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2131, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Sale, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''VIPAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alton Frederick Vipan|Vipan, Alton Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCF-MTG] - 1890(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHV Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - ship wireless operator; early wireless experimenter; AWA (Koo-we-rup, 1922); merchant marine (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933; Bronte, NSW, 1934; Rose Bay, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1935-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XHV - Alton Frederick Vipan&quot;

===''VOIGT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Emil Robert Voigt|Voigt, Emil Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-VV2] - 1883(Eng)-1973(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - 2KY Sydney, broadcast station manager; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, NSW Labor wireless committee) - Relationships: father of Rion Osborne Voigt; grandfather of Robin Voigt - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Dee Why, 1930-1934); manager (Dee Why, 1935; Narrabeen, 1936)  - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/voigt-emil-robert-8930 ADB]; [[w:Emil_Voigt_(athlete)|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.radioheritage.com/story70/ RHF]
* [[/Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt|Voigt, Rion Osborne Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-L1V] - 1915(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - broadcast industry executive, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Narrabeen, 1937; Turramurra, 1963-1980) - Relationships: son of Emil Robert Voigt; father of Robin Voigt
* [[/Robin Voigt|Voigt, Robin]] - historian (Emil Robert Voigt; 2KY) - Relationships: grandson of Emil Robert Voigt; son of Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt
===''VOLKERTS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Volkerts|Volkerts, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYC-H1H] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAEF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Leichhardt, NSW, 1933-1937); electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEF - Arthur Ernest Volkerts&quot;

===''VOLKMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Henry Oxford Volkman|Volkman, Reginald Henry Oxford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4CV-7PH] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Grafton (1924-1925); 2RY Scone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Woollahra, 1930-1933)

===''VOWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vowles|Vowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rupert Taylor Vowles|Vowles, Rupert Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYT-FLF] - 1894(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIZ Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2AW Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2XZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 562, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Concord, 1930-1972)

===''VOYSEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Voysey|Voysey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Jack Voysey|Voysey, Albert Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFNX-XPC] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XW Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1938; Bankstown, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 942, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1972); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1977-1980)

=='''W'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''WACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wackel|Wackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Wackel|Wackel, John Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Surname likely misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WADDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddell|Waddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivon Edward Waddell|Waddell, Ivon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-H3S] - 1909(WA)-1943(Thailand/Singapore) - Licences: 6WX Albany (1929-1930); 6WX Katanning (1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 561, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Katanning, 1936; South Perth, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10298089 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WADDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddle|Waddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Esmond Matthew Waddle|Waddle, Esmond Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNR-JLR] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 2UU Nimbin (1932-1939); 4GZ Charters Towers (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 899, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Greenslopes, Qld, 1928-1934; Nimbin, NSW, 1934-1937); pharmacist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943-1949); pharmaceutical chemist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''WADDY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard William Mackie Waddy|Waddy, Richard William Mackie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB62-5RP] - 1848(SA)-1933(SA) - senior state public servant (SA Post &amp; Telegraphs Dept), senior federal public servant (Deputy Postmaster-General SA)
===''WADHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadham|Wadham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Wadham|Wadham, Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZC-SBQ] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5KW Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Helmsdale, 1928; Da Costa Park, 1931; Glenelg, 1933; Adelaide, 1937; Glenelg, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 23, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WIA SA (Councillor 1931; Hon. Treasurer, 1931); National Radio Corp (manager, 1938); Holdfast Bay Yacht Club (Vice-commodore, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Helmsdale, SA, 1939-1941; Da Costa Park, SA, 1943)

===''WADSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadsley|Wadsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Wadsley|Wadsley, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2F4-X3J] - 1916(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3YI Melbourne (Middle Park, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2324, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Albert Park, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''WAHL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Fripp Wahl|Wahl, Alan Fripp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMB-TD4] - 1918(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6JB Perth (Leederville, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Dianella, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2101, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Leederville, WA, 1943-1958); clerk (Dianella, WA, 1963-1980)
===''WAIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Harris Wain|Wain, Alexander Harris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6Z-W8G] - 1891(Vic)-1922(Vic) - Licences: XPG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1916; Brighton, Vic, 1917; Caulfield East, Vic, 1919; Wonthaggi, Vic, 1919); stationmaster (Tynong, Vic, 1921); clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1922)

===''WALCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walch|Walch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Crosby Walch|Walch, Alan Crosby or Crosby Alan or Crosby Allan (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQC7-GSS] - 1907(NSW)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7BI Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923-1925); 7CW Hobart (Bellerive, 1926-1927; Battery Point, 1931-1933; City, 1937; Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 231, 1926, Tas; BOCP 1, 1936; 1AOCP 16, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Hobart South, 1936-1954)

===''WALDOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waldock|Waldock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alexander Waldock|Waldock, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RY-7SD] - 1915(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2QU Lithgow (1935-1939); 2QU Sydney (Cremorne, 1946); 2QU Lithgow (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1423, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mine wheeler (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937); fitter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lithgow, NSW, 1949); electrical fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1954-1968); fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WALDRON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Gerard Waldron|Waldron, Francis Gerard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WALES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Howard James Wales|Wales, Howard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G9-VDK] - 1885(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XOA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: painter &amp; decorator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1908); collector (Elsternwick, Vic, 1909-1919); purser (Elsternwick, Vic, 1922-1931); collector (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1937)

===''WALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walker|Walker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Charles Walker|Walker, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFY-L2V] - 1898(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 699, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: newspaper carrier (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934-1937); carrier (Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1972)

* [[/Charles Welsh Walker|Walker, Charles Welsh &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFR-19W] - 1899(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4CU Receive Clifton (1923); 4CU Clifton (1924-1960); 4DQ Portable Clifton (1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 10, 1924, No. 2 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; motor mechanic; Walker's Radio Service (proprietor, 1930s-1950s) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Clifton, Qld, 1921-1958)

* [[/Frank Wellesley Walker|Walker, Frank Wellesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1M5-FN5] - 1917(Vic)-2008(Vic)90yo - Licences: 3AEV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 3EV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1955; Nunawading, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2170, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Charles Walker|Walker, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-W8Y] - 1919(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7XR Deloraine (1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2248, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Deloraine, Tas, 1949; Devonport, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Louis Edward Walker|Walker, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSWB-L81] - 1864(Eng)-1934(At Sea) - Oversight of the 1906 Bass Strait link for Marconi Wireless Telegraphy Co

* [[/Philip Billingsley Walker|Walker, Phillip Billingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MNF3-P9W] - 1840(Eng)-1900(NSW) - early wireless experimenter, employment (NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendent of Telegraphs, Chief Electrician) - Links: [[w:Philip Billingsley Walker|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Robert Rowan Walker|Walker, Robert Rowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKT4-FLG] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF); author &quot;The Magic Spark, 50 Years of Radio in Australia&quot; - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Coburg, Vic, 1937); advertising (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954); company director (Richmond, Vic, 1963-1968); director (Richmond, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/2119721 NLA Bio Cuttings]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/1214534 NLA Book Catalogue]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/History/The-Magic-Spark-1973-Walker.pdf WRH Magic Spark Scan]

* [[/Ronald Gregory Walker|Walker, Ronald Gregory &quot;Gregory&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRP-GC6] - 1907(NSW)-1929(At Sea) - Licences: 7BT Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; journalist (Hobart &quot;Mercury&quot;); film maker - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1928) - Links: [http://www.seafarersmemorial.org.au/memorials/walker_g.php Seafarer's Memorial]

* [[/William Spencer Walker|Walker, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCF4-R77] - 1911(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5WW Adelaide (Alberton, 1934-1939; West Croydon, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1305, 1934, SA; BOCP 444, 1942; TVOCP 274, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939); mechanic (West Croydon, SA, 1941-1943)

===''WALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wall|Wall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William Burgess Wall|Wall, John William Burgess]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBM8-6FB] - 1899(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3QS Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2036, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1980)

* [[/Joseph Hart Wall|Wall, Joseph Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-GH6] - 1904(South Africa)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JC Macksville (1934-1936); 2JC Narrabri (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1406, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental student (San Souci, NSW, 1930-1931); dental practitioner (Macksville, NSW, 1933-1936); dentist (Narrabri, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Narrabri, NSW, 1963); retired (Narrabri, NSW, 1968)

===''WALLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wallace|Wallace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. W. Wallace|Wallace, C. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CP Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot; - See Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;

* Wallace, Florence Violet  (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/John Gordon Wallace|Wallace, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CH-ZHY] - 1921(Vic)-2012(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3VV Bendigo (White Hills, 1947-1965; Kennington, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2331, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (White Hills, Vic, 1949; Bendigo, Vic, 1954); assistant (Bendigo, Vic, 1967); technician (Kennington, Vic, 1972); teacher (Crrke, Vic, 1980)

* [[/John Walter Wallace|Wallace, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJ5-KC9] - 1881(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2LG Goulburn (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balmain, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Ronald Ian Gordon Wallace|Wallace, Ronald Ian Gordon]] - 1910(???)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2IW Robertson (1934-1936); 2IW Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1937); 2IW Robertson (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wallace-sir-robert-strachan-8962 ADB]

* [[/W. H. Wallace|Wallace, W. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CS Receive Mundaring Weir (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WALLBRIDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alwyn Leonard Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Alwyn Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHR-K7V] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2UI Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1935-1939; Tighes Hill, 1946-1947; Nelson's Bay, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1561, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mayfield, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); fisherman (Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1949-1958; Fingal Bay, NSW, 1963-1977; Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1980)
* [[/Leslie Walter Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Leslie Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMT-HKZ] - 1910(Eng)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5UX Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1930-1937); 5UX Peterborough (1938-1939); 5UX Kadina (1947-1948); 5UX Cook (1954-1955); 5UX Saddleworth (1956); 5UX Hawker (1960); 8UX Alice Springs (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 712, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Peterborough, SA, 1939-1941; Rendelsham, SA, 1943; Alice Springs, NT, 1963)

===''WALLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles Wallis|Wallis, John Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JW Longford (1932-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 893, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnie, 1928; Longford, 1936-1937)
* Wallace, Florence Violet (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

===''WALSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walsh|Walsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Dunbar Walsh|Walsh, Harold Dunbar &quot;Cordite&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W3-CT7] - 1903(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4HW Brisbane (Hamilton, 1925-1931; Rocklea, 1946-1947)); 4WN Brisbane (Hamilton, 1927, dealer) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 133, 1925, No 14 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); solicitor; pilot - Comment: Tragic end to a productive life - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1925-1937); airline pilot (Moorooka, 1949)

* [[/John Dallas Walsh|Walsh, John Dallas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Y-B6X] - 1902(NSW)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6AT Receive Tutunup via Busselton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gooseberry Hill, WA, 1925; Ross Brook via Busselton, WA, 1925; South Cunderin, WA, 1931; Caron, WA, 1936-1937; Helena Valley, WA, 1943; Kellerberrin, WA, 1954); headmaster (Margaret River, WA, 1954); school teacher (Nannup, WA, 1958); teacher (Brunswick Junction, WA, 1963; Engadine, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''WALTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walter|Walter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Trevor Walter|Walter, Ernest Trevor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNZ-88T] - 1919(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 2AEE Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1954); 5EE Adelaide (Prospect, 1955-1956; Hampstead Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1898, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1943); technical officer (Burwood, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WALTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walters|Walters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Allan Walters|Walters, Charles Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-LBY] - 1910(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3CW Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; Heidelburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 524, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1931-1936; Heidelberg, 1937; Brunswick, 1942)

* [[/Gerald Wills Walters|Walters, Gerald (Wills or Willis or blank)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7Y-1HZ] - 1886(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 108, 1915; 2COCP 157, 1930; 1COCP 129, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Currie, King Island, Tas, 1919; Darwin, NT, 1922); radio telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1928); wireless officer (Radio Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1936-1937); wireless (Gladesville, NSW, 1943); wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Albert Walters|Walters, Joseph Albert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALW Inverell - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2275, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Laurence Gordon Walters|Walters, Laurence Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-DBC] - 1923(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 2ALW Sydney (North Bondi, 1947-1950); 2ALW Cowra (1950); 3CN Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1956-1965; Hawthorn, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 137, 1947, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Likely relation of 2ALW Joseph Albert Walters - Electoral Rolls: student (Bondi North, NSW, 1949); chemist (Moorabbin, Vic, 1963); fuel technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963); fuel technologist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''WALZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walz|Walz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edwyn Walz|Walz, Arthur Edwyn or Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM9T-LB3] - 1908(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4AW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939; Wavell Heights, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 287, 1926, No. 26 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; plumber; radio repair business - Relationships: son of Conrad August Walz - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Nundah, 1934-1943); radio engineer (Wavell Heights, 1949-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4AW - Arthur Edwyn Walz&quot;

* [[/Conrad August Walz|Walz, Conrad August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRGZ-QF3] - 1882(Qld)-1951(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), plumber, farmer, father of 4AW Arthur Edwyn Walz

===''WARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ward|Ward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold David Ward|Ward, Harold David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP9-ZM9] - 1918(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Clayton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1646, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1949); radio (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); radio trade (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Joyce Alice Ward|Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLQZ-JNW] - 1918(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: 2MI Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2595, 1948, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3EA-2DU-2LQ Dudley Robert Millen - Electoral Rolls: stenographer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Hornsby, NSW, 1980)

===''WARDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Arthur Warden|Warden, Herbert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMR-SQT] - 1886(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: XGQ Narrabri (1913-1914); 2BG Receive Mungindi (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Coogee, NSW, 1930); teacher (Lindfield, NSW, 1930; Radwick North, NSW, 1931-1933; Woollahra, 1935-1937); schoolteacher (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''WARDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardle|Wardle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney William Lumley Wardle|Wardle, Sidney William Lumley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-QFL] - 1911(Eng)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Woodford Leigh (1930-1935); 2OU Armidale (1936-1937); 2OU Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939); 5OU Adelaide (Lockleys, 1946-1954); 2DID Berridale (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 610, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Woodford Leigh, 1934-1935); technician (Bondi North, 1937; Woollahra, 1943); retired (Berridale, 1980)

===''WARDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardley|Wardley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Wardley|Wardley, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DL-SKV] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1947-1975; Elsternwick, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2270, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1158, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1972); technician (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977; Elsternwick, Vic, 1980)

===''WARING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Clarke Waring|Waring, Cecil Clarke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQW4-V9F] - 1904(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CU Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1924); 3YW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1929-1931; Canterbury, 1933; Kew, 1937); 3YW Rupanyup (1938-1939); 3YW Stawell (1946-1948); 3YW Warrnambool (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 549, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, 1925-1928; Kew, 1931-1937; Stawell, 1942-1949; Warrnambool, 1954-1977)

===''WARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warne|Warne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Leslie George Warne|Warne, Maurice Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSP-LHY] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Croydon, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 300, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Campsie, 1931-1934); radio mechanic (Campsie, 1936-1937); radio sales (Kogarah, 1943-1963); radio &amp; TV technician (Arncliffe, 1968)

===''WARNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warner|Warner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Albert Warner|Warner, Geoffrey Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-6NR] - 1914(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2CK Wyong (1930-1937); 2FB Wyong (1938-1939); 3ABW Fiskville (1947); 9GW Port Moresby (1948-1954); 2AVW Bringelly (1955-1958); 2CK Bringelly (1960-1969); 6EG Bassendean (1975); 2HJ Camden (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 710, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 60, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Rockbank, Vic, 1942); technician (OTC Bringelly, 1958-1963); manager (Bassendean, 1977; Camden South, 1980) - callsign may have been withdrawn for 2CK Cessnock commercial (later restored)

===''WARNOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warnock|Warnock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Bernard Warnock|Warnock, Neil Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ8-58G] - 1944(Vic)-2019(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WARREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warren|Warren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Cortlandt Warren|Warren, John Cortlandt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKY-KJS] - 1913(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2QX Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1937; Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1220, 1933, NSW; COCP1 577, 1942; TVOCP 473, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1937); sheet metal worker (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Lugarno, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Theodore Frederick Warren|Warren, Theodore Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WL-7Q2] - 1914(NSW)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1934); 2LY Griffith (1935); 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1936); 9LO Port Moresby (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1169, 1933, NSW; AOCP2 220, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1937); mechanic (PMGD, Chatswood, NSW, 1943); retired (Cooktown, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WATERHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/A. G. Waterhouse|Waterhouse, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XVV Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WATERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George James Waters|Waters, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X9-S46] - 1902(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3EX Receive Melbourne (Heathcote, 1922); 3XA Melbourne (East Prahran, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 608, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as yet - Comment: Passed too soon

* [[/James Alfred Waters|Waters, James Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JA Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1685, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Queensborough, 1936); teacher (Ringarooma, 1937); schoolteacher (Queensborough, 1943-1954)

* [[/Leslie Waters|Waters, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85N-TZB] - 1882(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Innisfail (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Randell Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Innisfail, 1919-1943); radio dealer (Innisfail, 1949) - Trovetag: &quot;4AC - Leslie Waters&quot;

* [[/Maurice Hamilton Harwood Waters|Waters, Maurice Hamilton Harwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSS-D6W] - 1918(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Camberwell, 1954-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2033, 1937, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1967-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WATERWORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lindsay Carmel Waterworth|Waterworth, Lindsay Carmel &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YY-6M6] - 1892(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Rockhampton (1935-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1526, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Charleville, Qld, 1921); telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1968)

===''WATKINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Paul Watkins|Watkins, Andrew Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-RHP] - 1914(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 6AW Perth (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1805, 1936, WA; BOCP 269, 1939; 1COCP 842, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Boulder, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954; Chullora, NSW, 1958-1963)
* [[/William Trevor Watkins|Watkins, William Trevor &quot;Trevor&quot;, &quot;Watty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKG-J4V] - 1899(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: T336 Hobart (1920-1921); 7AA Hobart (1922-1925); 7DX Hobart (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 107, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: PMGD withdrew 7AA callsign for their own use, electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1922), wireless expert (Medhurst &amp; Sons, Hobart, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (West Hobart, 1922-1928) - Comment: passed too soon

===''WATSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watson|Watson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. A. Watson|Watson, A. A.]] - bef1910(???)-aft1930(???) - Licences: 2UT Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 341, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: None as yet 

* [[/Albert Watson|Watson, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8L-VGM] - 1897(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 887, 1925 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922; Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1926; South Perth, WA, 1928-1958)

* [[/Douglas Mervyn Watson|Watson, Douglas Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MG-FPY] - 1920(Tas)-1989(Tas) - Licences: 7DW Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939; City, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1867, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Hobart South, 1949-1954); mechanic (Lindisfarne, 1972)

* [[/Eric Watson|Watson, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-9SL] - 1913(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2EP Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1938); 2EP Cessnock (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1564, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Cronulla, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leopold Watson|Watson, Herbert Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZP-JLK] - 1897(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Kiama (1929-1933); 2OL Unanderra (1935-1938); 2OL Woollongong (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 545, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Field Artillery, 1916-1919; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kiama, 1930); electrical engineer (Unanderra, 1934-1937; Heidelberg, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954); retired (Avalon Beach, 1968-1972; Mona Vale, 1977; Mosman, 1980) 

* [[/James David Watson|Watson, James David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F5-789] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3NQ Darlington via Camperdown (1930-1939); 2ANQ Albury (1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 633, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Beware another JDW, labourer, Geelong, 1930s - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Darlington, 1931-1943); radio technician (Albury, 1949-1954) 

* [[/John Watson|Watson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CR Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil, as yet, specific individual not yet identified

* [[/Lindsay Gordon Watson|Watson, Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZJ-8RB] - 1915(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EI Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3ALV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1954-1956; Altona, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2065, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1942); optometrist (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1954; Gladysdale, Vic, 1963; Altona, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Paul Robert Watson|Watson, Paul Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBB-X7P] - 1906(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3PY Warracknabeal (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1022, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1931); radio mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1936-1937); company director (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1942); public servant (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Samuel Wilfred Watson|Watson, Samuel Wilfred or Wilfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-LXP] - 1906(Eng)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6WW Perth (West Perth, 1930-1939, 1948-1969); 6WW Shoalwater Bay (1975); 6WW Cardup (1980) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 189, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1931-1972); retired (Shoalwater Bay, WA, 1977; Cardup, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas William Watson|Watson, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BZ-1Q7] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TL Lithgow (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: miner (Lithgow, NSW, 1930); radio dealer (Lithgow, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Bowral, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/William Watson|Watson, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP84-3DP] - 1902(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KE Kurri Kurri (1931-1937); 2KE Stanford Merthyr (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 864, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1930-1935; Stanford Merthyr, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Wesley Watson|Watson, William Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZH-LJJ] - 1918(NSW)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2YY Sydney (Annandale, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1716, 1936, NSW; COCP2 153, 1938; COCP1 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1943); radio telegraphist (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio officer (Moonah, Tas, 1954-1963; Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''WATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watt|Watt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Watt|Watt, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-4B7] - 1901(Sct)-1985(Tas) - Licences: 7BO Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923); Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prince of Wales Bay, 1922-1928); accountant (New Town, 1936-1949; Moonah, 1954)

* [[/Arthur William Watt|Watt, Arthur William]] -  19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster, journalist (Wireless Weekly)

* [[/Charles Russell Watt|Watt or Russell-Watt, Charles Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-JFH] - 1904(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2WT Tenterfield (1925-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 184, 1925, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tenterfield, NSW, 1930-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2WT - Charles Russell Watt&quot;

* [[/John Gordon Watt|Watt, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZH-PM8] - 1888(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XAEA Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (AIF, 7th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Croydon, NSW, 1913); sales manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''WATTERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. Watterson|Watterson, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BZ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WAUCHOPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wauchope|Wauchope, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Wylie Wauchope|Wauchope, Ronald Wylie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH6X-QJR] - 1914(SA)-1933(SA)19yo - Licences: 5WE Adelaide (Maylands, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1086, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, 19yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WAUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waugh|Waugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay William Francis Waugh|Waugh, Lindsay William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-VGR] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Undercliffe, 1935); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1936; Waitara, 1937; Burwood, 1938-1939; Birchgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1486, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Regiment, 1915, medically discharged) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); no occupation (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937); retired (Balmain, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Balmain, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Way|Way, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. Way|Way, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADD Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor James Way|Way, Victor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYR7-LNV] - 1893(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: XOL Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1916; Warrnambool, Vic, 1917-1918; Brunswick, Vic, 1919; Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927)

===''WEATHERLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry William Elsdon Weatherley|Weatherley, Harry William Elsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBF-1HC] - 1921(Vic)-2006(Vic) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (Australian Radio DX Club, New Zealand Radio DX League, New Zealand DX Radio Association, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia - Chief Editor, Ontario DX Club), ANARC DXer of the year - metallurgist (Auburn, 1949-1954); technician (Mount Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Mount Waverley, 1980)
* [[/Herb J. Weatherley|Weatherley, Herb J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4HW Clifton (-1951+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), callsign formerly Harold Dunbar Walsh
===''WEATHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Weatherson|Weatherson, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WEATHERSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Stewart Weatherston|Weatherston, William Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LZ-2KF] - 1905(WA)-1942(Sing) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, 1927); salesman (St Kilda, 1931; Forrest, ACT, 1935; Newtown, 1943!) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WEBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webb|Webb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Kenneth Webb|Webb, Eric Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC8-ZK5] - 1921(Vic)-2020(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3EX Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1858, 1937, Vic; BOCP 279, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1949); physicist (Mitcham, Vic, 1954-1963; Malvern, Vic, 1967; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Mostyn Thomas Webb|Webb, Mostyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-ZWB] - 1917(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2DP Sydney (Newtown, 1934-1935; Hurlstone Park, 1936-1939; Petersham, 1946-1950; Annandale, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1404, 1934, NSW; AIR3 934, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Petersham, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Annandale, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''WEBBER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Palmer Webber|Webber, Harold Palmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-9T1] - 1906(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PW Melbourne (Eltham, 1931-1937; Alphington, 1938-1939; Fairfield, 1947; Alphington, 1948; Caulfield, 1955-1969; Beaumaris, 1975-1980); 3DA Melbourne (Alphington, 1937); 3PV Portable St Kilda (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 812, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Eltham, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1954; St Kilda, Vic, 1954; Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''WEBSTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webster|Webster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank James Webster|Webster, Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF73-5KV] - 1908(Eng)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6FW Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1039, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1943); plasterer (Perth, WA, 1954-1963; Victoria Park, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Harold Charles Webster|Webster, Harold Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRM-31P] - 1876(Tas)-1923(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Launceston, 1914); clerk (Hobart North, 1922)

* [[/Walter Webster|Webster, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BW-FKF] - 1912(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Gladesville, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1417, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Gladesville, NSW, 1933-1935); public servant (Gladesville, NSW, 1936-1968)

* [[/William Webster|Webster, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJD-D94] - 1860(Eng)-1936(NSW) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1915-1920), played prominent part in the Postal Royal Commission

===''WEDDELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Austin Weddell|Weddell, James Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK9-SYF] - 1914(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5ZL Adelaide (Reade Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1595, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1943); RAAF (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); RAAF officer (Richmond, NSW, 1958); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1963); not stated (Red Hill, ACT, 1968-1972); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Arthur Weddell|Weddell, John Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKM-KVK] - 1926(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FT Brisbane (Zillmere, 1954-1960); 2ZM Glenbrook (1961); 4FT Brisbane (Sandgate North, 1965-1969); 2BFT Sydney (Clovelly, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3172, 1951, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1949; Zillmere, Qld, 1954-1958; Sandgate, Qld, 1963-1968); technician (Marrickville, NSW,  1972; Clovelly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WEDGEWOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wedgewood|Wedgewood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Donald Wedgewood|Wedgewood, William Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLV-GM8] - 1901(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: N741 Receive NSW - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 692, 1922; 2COCP 49, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: boarder (Sutton Coalfield, Eng, 1911); manufacturer (Glenmore, 1930-1936); aviator (Nedlands, WA, 1937); farmer (Moruya, 1949-1954); greenkeeper (Brisbane, 1958); public servant (Hornsby, 1963-1972)

===''WEEDEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weeden|Weeden, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ross Weeden|Weeden, Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYFG-CL8] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2PN Tumut (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 840, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tumut, NSW, 1936-1977)

===''WEEKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. L. Weeks|Weeks, H. L.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4CJ Receive Currumbin (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: - Identification: Not yet identified

===''WEISS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weiss|Weiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred George Weiss|Weiss, Wilfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-7NP] - 1912(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TV Sydney (Croydon Park, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2TV Ettalong Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 670, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lithgow, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Lithgow, 1943); silk screen craftsman (Croydon Park, 1949-1958); retired (Strathfield, 1963-1968; Ettalong Beach, 1972; Ettalong, 1977)

===''WELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welch|Welch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Welch|Welch, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDN-9GY] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ACW Sydney (Stanmore, 1936-1937; Hurstville, 1939); 3ACW Melbourne (Avenel, 1947-1948); 3ACW Mangalore (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1665, 1936, NSW; COCP1 410, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Annandale, NSW, 1936-1937; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Tennant Creek, NT, 1943); aeradio officer (Avenel, Vic, 1949-1954); communications officer (Herne Bay, NSW, 1958; Padstow, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Frank Welch|Welch, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQN-PL7] - 1893(Eng)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Manly, 1927-1929; North Sydney, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 359, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); retired (Manly, NSW, 1972; Miranda, NSW, 1977)

* [[/John Welch|Welch, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJPS-NPH] - 1873(???)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJCW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1913-1914); 3JS Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1913-1931); agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''WELDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weldon|Weldon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;


* [[/Neville Edwin Weldon|Weldon, Neville Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2HS-SZ6] - 1910(NSW)-1935(NG) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Mosman, 1931); 9NW Kokopo (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 793, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weller|Weller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Arthur Martin Weller|Weller, Cyril Arthur Martin &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-WXH] - 1903(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2160, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, Brisbane DX Club); power station engineer; education (ME, UQ) - Electoral Rolls: student (Windsor, 1925); engineer (Wilston, 1925-1928; Camp Hill, 1934-1943; Clayfield, 1949-1972; Albion, 1977)

===''WELLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Welling|Welling, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHB-KQZ] - 1898(Eng)-1960(SA) - Licences: 5TW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1937); 5TW Mt Gambier (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 179, 1930; 1COCP 81, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941); wireless technician (Mt Gambier, SA, 1943)

===''WELLINGTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Wellington|Wellington, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWJ5-M1V] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1127, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (emigrated to NZ 1937)
* [[/Stanley Hudson Wellington|Wellington, Stanley Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB84-47Y] - 1909(Tas)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7PK Hobart (New Town, 1932-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1002, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 117, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: representative (Caulfield, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1942); manager (Mosman, 1949-1980)

===''WELLMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wellman|Wellman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. Wellman|Wellman, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XNQ Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leo Joseph Wellman|Wellman, Leo Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SW-R9S] - 1898(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2PS Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 117, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 34th Battalion, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wellington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1937); technician (North Cronulla, NSW, 1943-1949; Engadine, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''WELLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan Augustus Wells|Wells, Allen (birth) or Allan Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHV-WVJ] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW; BOCP 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; army (citizen's military forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Corowa, NSW, 1943-1963)
* [[/Athol John Wells|Wells, Athol John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTB-XS9] - 1911(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Girral (1932-1936); 2FI Sydney (Waverley, 1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1013, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Girral, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF wireless operator (Townsville, Qld, 1941-1943); clerk (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); grocer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1954); salesman (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Ballina, NSW, 1977-1980)
* [[/George Leonard Douglas Wells|Wells, George Leonard Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC7-GQC] - 1906(Eng)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3TW Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1782, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hamilton, Vic, 1928-1931); manager (Hamilton, Vic, 1935-1980)
* [[/Harold Rowland Wells|Wells, Harold Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-1DM] - 1903(Eng)-1938(WA) - first chief announcer for 6WF Perth; then 6AM Northam; journalist - Comment: Passed too soon (age 35y) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast announcer (Maddington, WA, 1925); journalist (Maddington, WA, 1931); director (Subiaco, WA, 1937) - TroveTag: &quot;Harold Rowland Wells&quot;
* [[/Joseph Edward Wells|Wells, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2C3-5YM] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AME Sydney (Arncliffe, 1939; Bardwell Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2252, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Petersham, NSW, 1930); teacher (Annandale, NSW, 1931-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937; Bardwell Park, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''WELSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welsh|Welsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claud William Welsh|Welsh, Claude or Claud  William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPH-WS4] - 1914(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4CW Warwick (1937-1939); 4DK Mackay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1982, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, Qld, 1937-1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Warwick, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1958); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''WELZEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welzel|Welzel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kurt Paul Corlette Welzel|Welzel, Kurt Paul Corlette]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54Z-Q5P] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1938); 2ACF Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2GQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1130, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick North, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1954); carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''WERE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Waltham Were|Were, Robert Waltham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNWY-QQP] - 1907(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1923); 3DP Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1181, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934; Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''WERNER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan John Werner|Werner, Allan John or Alan John (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFC9-YX5] - 1907(WA)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CV Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Karnup, WA, 1931-1937); fitter (Kwinana Beach, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968)

===''WERRETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Errol Limbrick Werrett|Werrett, Errol Limbrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-FMH] - 1908(Tas)-1974(Eng) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hampshire (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Hampshire, 1936-1937); fitter (South Melbourne, 1943); engineer (Caulfield, 1949-1968; Balaclava, 1972)
===''WEST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert West|West, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay John Payne West|West, Lindsay John Payne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQM-MSP] - 1895(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2EI Parkes (1935-1939, 1946-1954); 2EI Sydney (Chatswood, 1955-1961; Manly, 1965); 2EI Duranbah (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1475, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, 12th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2BN Reginald Francis Joseph Flood - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Paddington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Parkes, NSW, 1930); radio &amp; musician (Parkes, NSW, 1931-1932); radio dealer (Parkes, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Manly, NSW, 1968; Parkes, NSW, 1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977; Duranbah, NSW, 1980)

===''WESTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weston|Weston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Frederick Shorter Weston|Weston, Cyril Frederick Shorter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVJ-FXY] - 1905(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 4EN Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kedron, 1928); Christian worker (Darlinghurst, 1934); grocer (Oatley, 1943); agriculturalist (Ourimbah, 1949); salesman (Paekhurst, 1963-1980); retired (Charmhaven, 1980)

* [[/G. J. Weston|Weston, G. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GJ Albury (1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly George James Weston following, but no connection yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George James Weston|Weston, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ3-Y8Q] - 1868(Eng)-1939(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 702, 1922 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant) - Comment: Several contemporaneous GJWs - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Albany, 1903); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1910-1912); civil servant (Wireless Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1913); sailor (Toorak, 1919); naval officer (Elsternwick, 1919); civil servant (Auburn, Vic, 1922); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1927); retired engineer (Upwey, 1931-1937)

* [[/Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston|Weston, Robert Marcus Hamilton &quot;Mark&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-KW6] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4XO Bundaberg (1938-1939); 2WE Sydney (Lidcombe, 1946-1947); 2AWE Sydney (Kingsford, 1955; Kensington, 1956-1957); 2AYK Sydney (Kensington, 1957; Kingsford, 1958-1961); 2CM Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2076, 1938, Qld; 2COCP 386, 1940; 1COCP 581, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; wireless officer (QANTAS) - Relationships: husband of 2MR Verle Lorraine Weston nee Key(s) - Electoral Rolls: marine wireless operator (Auchenflower, Qld, 1943); radio operator (Blakehurst, NSW, 1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1954-1963; Sans Souci, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Selwyn Henry Weston|Weston, Selwyn Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMT-N5R] - 1912(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AJH Sydney (Epping, 1938-1939); 2SY Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1958; Roseville, 1960-1965; Castlecrag, 1969; Killara, 1975; Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2077, 1938, NSW; COCP3 4518, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); bank clerk (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1958); company director (Roseville, NSW, 1963; Castlecrag, NSW, 1968); retired (Killara, NSW, 1977); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Verle Lorraine Keys|Weston nee Key(s), Verle Lorraine]] - 1934(???)-1985(NSW) - 2MR Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980), YL amateur operator (AOCP ???, 1964, No. ?? in Qld), wife of Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston 2CM

* [[/William Wood Weston|Weston or Wehrstedt, William Wood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPG-KBQ] - 1912(WA)-1953(WA) - Licences: 6MW Perth (Nedlands, 1935-1939; North Beach, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1465, 1935, WA; BOCP 596, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Further clarification of identification required - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); operator (Leederville, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968; Leederville, WA, 1972-1977)

===''WEYNTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Gordon Weynton|Weynton, Alexander Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-35K] - 1905(NSW)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Lindfield; 3XU Castlemaine (1933-1939, 1947); 3XU Wangaratta (1954); 3XU Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1955; Bonbeach, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc;  AOCP 1214, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1933; St Kilda West, Vic, 1936); company secretary (Castlemaine, Vic, 1937-1949; Wangaratta, Vic, 1954); auditor (Carrum, Vic, 1963)

===''WHALLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Percy Whalley|Whalley, Rupert Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGZ-CV3] - 1894(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JZ Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922); 3JZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1927); 3JZ Myrtleford (1937-1939); 3JZ Wangaratta (1946-1948); 3JZ Melbourne (Blackburn, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 238, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Sandringham, 1919-1925); farmer (Myrtleford, 1927-1942); tobacco grower (Wangaratta, 1949); foreman (Blackburn, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 3ZWZ Robert Kelvin Whalley

===''WHEELER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheeler|Wheeler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Ronald Wheeler|Wheeler, Adrian Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KD-MRC] - 1915(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Epping, 1934); 2VR Sydney (Epping, 1937; North Strathfield, 1938-1939); 2VR Broken Hill (1946-1950); 2VR Bathurst (1954-1958); 2VR Sydney (Castlecrag, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1256, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Concord, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949; Bathurst, NSW, 1954-1958; Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harry Winslow Wheeler|Wheeler, Harry Winslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBC-BYC] - 1910(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5FB Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1927-1928); 5HW Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 371, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF, DFC) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Eden Hills, SA, 1939-1943); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1968) 

* [[/Victor George Wheeler|Wheeler, Victor George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4Z-FGL] - 1897(Eng)-1976(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; coastal wireless operator; WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electric mechanic (Roebourne, 1917-1922); manager (Fremantle, 1925)

===''WHELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheller|Wheller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Wheller|Wheller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN84-K4D] - 1904(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EW Melbourne (Dandenong, 1934-1937; Camberwell, 1938-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1947-1948; Ascot Vale, 1954-1955; Keilor East, 1956-1960; Niddrie, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1261, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Nathalia, Vic, 1926); independent means (Dandenong, Vic, 1931); munition worker (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''WHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whire|Whire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. L. Whire|Whire, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JU Broken Hill (1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WHITAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITTAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitaker|Whitaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Thomas Whitaker|Whitaker, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKKW-5DB] - 1895(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Receive Sydney (Banksia, 1923); 2OI Sydney (Banksia, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockdale, 1930; Banksia, 1933-1934); builder (Banksia, 1937-1949); instructor (Mount Colah, 1954-1958)

===''WHITBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Roy Whitburn|Whitburn, Douglas Roy &quot;Doug&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-3JX] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5BY Adelaide (Toorak, 1927-1931; Fullarton, 1933-1939; Rosefield, 1946-1947; Fullarton, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 312, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosefield, 1943)
* [[/Robert Philip Whitburn|Whitburn, Robert Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBF-5XB] - 1896(NSW)-1991(NSW)94yo - Licences: XACJ Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913-1914); 2DK Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922); 2DK Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chairmaker (Leichhardt, 1930-1968); retired (West Ryde, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XACJ-2DK - Robert Philip Whitburn&quot;

===''WHITE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert White|White, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Matthews White|White, Alfred Matthews]] - 1894(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Receive Winton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tranby, Winton, 1915-1958); retired (Buderim, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Alfred Raymond White|White, Alfred Raymond &quot;Knocker&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2K-2FF] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 3AH Stawell (1932-1933); 3AH Mulcra via Murrayville (1937-1939); 3ARW Hamilton (1947); 4RP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1018, 1932, Vic; BOCP 61, 1936; COCP2 121, 1937; COCP1 1571, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Manya via Ouyen, Vic, 1935-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Charles Robert White|White, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-S5H] - 1911(SA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 5MX Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 802, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Edwin Harold White|White, Edwin Harold &quot;Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-QGH] - 1911(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1933-1939); 4EW Mackay (1946-1950); 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1954-1956); 5OW &amp; 8OW Darwin (1956-1963); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1963-1965); 4OW Mt Isa (1969); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1141, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 250, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, Fortress Signals); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Red Hill, 1934-1936); radio technician (Longreach, 1937); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1943; Mackay, 1949); communications officer (Archerfield, 1954); public servant (Red Hill, 1963; Mt Isa, 1968; Red Hill, 1972-1980)

* [[/Elwyn Boyce White|White, Elwyn Boyce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CB-6Y5] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HA Sydney (Vaucluse, 1933-1934; Greenwich, 1935-1938; Darling Point, 1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1958; Epping, 1961; Wollstonecraft, 1965); 2HA Shoal Bay (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1933; Greenwich, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); electrical radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); technician(Epping, NSW, 1958-1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); retired (Shoal Bay, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Frank Philip White|White, Frank Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-9NF] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 189, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Roy White|White, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4P-LVT] - 1911(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ABK Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Wahroonga, 1939; West Ryde, 1947-1954); 2AHW Sydney (West Ryde, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 5, 1934; 1COCP 12, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; beam wireless operator (AWA); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Ryde, 1933-1935); telegraphist (Roseville, 1936-1937; Ryde, 1943-1972; Glenorie, NSW, 1977); retired (Thornleigh, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Gilford James White|White, Gilford James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X6-XFV] - 1915(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (post 1981?) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP V00911, 1981; BOCP 100, 1937; AIR3 796, 1946 - WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: airline captain (Box Hill South, Vic, 1963; Burwood, Vic, 1968-1977); economist (Burwood, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Henry Benjamin Humphrey White|White, Henry Benjamin Humphrey &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDL-18H] - 1918(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3IR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1950, 1937, Vic; COCP2 631, 1942; COCP1 658, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); radio operator (Malvern, Vic, 1949); broadcast technician (Collie, WA, 1954)

* [[/J. L. White|White, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JL via Brass Valley (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Hugh William White|White, John Hugh William &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CN-76K] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 5MM Adelaide (Dunleath, 1947); 2UG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1948-1950); 2UG Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1955); 6UG Perth (Nedlands, 1956; Floreat Park, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2348, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wallaroo, SA, 1939); PMG engineer (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943); engineer (Hamilton, NSW, 1949; Maroubra, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Wembley, WA, 1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1977)

* [[/Norbert Leyburn White|White, Norbert Leyburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDK-7X1] - 1910(NSW)-1941(Hong Kong) - Licences: 9LW Rabaul, New Guinea (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [file:///C:/Users/samue/Downloads/Serjeant%20Norbert%20Leyburn%20White%20-%20CWGC%20Certificate.pdf CWGC] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Reginald Percy White|White, Reginald Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX8-3V6] - 1908(WA)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3RW Melbourne (Blackburn, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947; Hawthorn, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 740, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Blackburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Robert Keith White|White, Robert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ17-8VS] - 1896(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIW Bowral (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1918, discharged, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1933); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1972)

* [[/Ronald Langton White|White, Ronald Langton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWXY-FBB] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3QR Melbourne (Malvern, 1935-1939; St Kilda, 1947; West Hawthorn, 1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1960; Elsternwick, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1553, 1935, Vic; BOCP 159, 1938; AOCP1 19, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: announcer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); broadcaster (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); radio (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); tv officer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Sydney George White|White, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD5-CNV] - 1902(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MW Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937; Melbourne CBD, 1938-1939; West Parkville, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 739, 1922; COCP1 245, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Carlton South, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1943-1949); public servant (Parkville, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Vernon William White|White, Vernon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP4-RGP] - 1908(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 934, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931-1954; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''WHITELAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Roy Whitelaw|Whitelaw, Charles Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99WD-7NY] - 1891(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XMO Melbourne (Rosedale, 1913-1914); 3BH Melbourne (Mooroolbark, 1923-1925); 3BH Stawell (1925); 3BH Benalla (1925-1927); 3BH Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931); 3BH Woomelang (1933); 3BH Melbourne (Mornington 1937-1939); 3BH (Harrisfield, 1946-1947; Dandenong, 1948; Noble Park, 1954-1955; Boronia, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 87, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; fire brigade and railway stationmaster; WW1 (AFC, Wireless Operator, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Creswick, 1914); assistant stationmaster (Ravenswood, 1919); stationmaster (Mooroolbark, 1922-1924); railway employee (Timboon, 1925); stationmaster (Benalla, 1925-1927; Mitcham, 1931; Euroa, 1942; Harrisfield, 1949-1954)
===''WHITFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Roy Whitford|Whitford, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/977F-FGK] - 1890(SA)-1970(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - owner &amp; manager Whitford Broadcasting Network (6PM Perth, 6AM Northam, 6KG Kalgoorlie, 6GE Geraldton) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916); printer (Perth, WA, 1916); salesman (Perth, WA, 1925; Mayfield, SA, 1925); manager (Balkatta, WA, 1929-1931); businessman (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1954); director (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.radioheritage.net/Story151.asp RHF]

===''WHITING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ambrose Whiting|Whiting, Reginald Ambrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR6-XDQ] - 1911(SA)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Torrensville, 1932-1933); 3MZ Melbourne (East Preston, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 988, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (South Yarra, Vic, 1934; Essendon, Vic, 1937); fitter &amp; turner (Preston, Vic, 1942-1968); fitter (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WHITLAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitlam|Whitlam, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Gough Whitlam|Whitlam, Edward Gough &quot;Gough&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VH-8BJ] - 1916(Vic)-2014(NSW) - Prime Minister (1972-1975), WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, navigator &amp; bomb aimer, 1942-1945) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glebe, 1943); barrister (Cronulla, 1949; Cabramatta, 1958-1963; Red Hill, 1977; Double Bay, 1980) - executive oversight of the introduction of community radio in Australia - Links: [[w:Gough Whitlam|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/whitlam-edward-gough-18730 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Lewis Alfred John Whitlam|Whitlam, Lewis Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYY1-BBB] - 1904(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Brisbane City, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1968); engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WHITTAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whittaker|Whittaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis William Whittaker|Whittaker, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WG-QBS] - 1920(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6FK Perth (Inglewood, 1938-1939, 1947; Cannington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2146, 1938, WA; COCP2 543, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (East Perth, WA, 1943); communication officer (DCA, Wyndham, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Cannington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WHYTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whyte|Whyte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Kenneth Whyte|Whyte, Charles Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNV-R3R] - 1915(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1603, 1936, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Russell Whyte|Whyte, Francis Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM9-VZT] - 1918(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AKC Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939, 1946); 2VF Sydney (Campsie, 1948-1965; St Ives, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2139, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive cleaner (Campsie, NSW, 1943-1963); electrician (St Ives, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Harold Eugene Whyte|Whyte, Harold Eugene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-62D] - 1920(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2AHA Newcastle (Jesmond, 1937-1939; Mayfield, 1946-1948; Birmingham Gardens, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1965, 1937, NSW; BOCP 432, 1942; COCP1 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lambton, NSW, 1949; Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Rolland Jeffrey Whyte|Whyte, Rolland or Roland Jeffrey &quot;Jeff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK3-7XT] - 1908(SA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AHM Wentworth (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1988, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Wentworth, NSW, 1936-1968); grazier (Wentworth, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WIBURD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiburd|Wiburd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Wiburd|Wiburd, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1H2-21S] - 1912(NSW)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LP Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1947-1948; North Brighton, 1954-1956); 3LP Bairnsdale (1960); 3LP Yarram (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2390, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); manager (State Savings Bank, Lancefield, Vic, 1963)

===''WICKHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wickham|Wickham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Norman Wickham|Wickham, Arthur Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C5-KXL] - 1901(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2TP Sydney (Artarmon, 1933-1937; Lindfield, 1938; North Sydney, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 648, 1921 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WICKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. Wicks|Wicks, C.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQK Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WIDGERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Widgery|Widgery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ernest Widgery|Widgery, Stanley Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-YQ3] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3SE Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1701, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: nil (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); electrician (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''WIGNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wignell|Wignell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Houston Wignell|Wignell, Arthur Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-D1Y] - 1917(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ALK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1939; Petersham, 1946-1954; Marrickville, 1955-1958; Beverley Hills, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2253, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WILCOX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Samuel Joseph Wilcox|Wilcox, Samuel Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-6CC] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3KC Melbourne (Croxton, 1933-1937; Caulfield, 1938-1939; Kensington, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1083, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1949-1954); sheet metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1963-1968); metalworker (Kensington, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''WILDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril George Wildman|Wildman, Cyril George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMG3-GNP] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1931; Moreland, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; East Brunswick, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 624, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 422, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Melbourne, 1927; Fitzroy North, 1931; Coburg, 1934-1942); electrical engineer (Brunswick East, 1977-1980)

===''WILKEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Henry Wilken|Wilken, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6H-7TD] - 1893(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XPF Melbourne (Kilsyth, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 44, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Cottonvale, Qld, 1921-1922); manufacturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930; Colo Vale, NSW, 1934-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954); director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958)

===''WILKES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Wilkes|Wilkes, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ZJ-MY7] - 1882(Eng)-1936(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener; likely amateur receiver (1920s); Principal City Commercial College, Perth; member Wireless Development Assoc WA; attended wireless conference Sydney 1924; Craig &amp; Co Wireless Engineers - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1913-1931)

===''WILKIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Winstanley Wilkin|Wilkin, John Winstanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LX-1P7] - 1891(NZ)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1928; Osmond, 1931; Glen Osmond, 1933; North Walkerville, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; likely qualified in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Toorak, SA, 1939-1943)

===''WILKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wilkins|Wilkins, Arthur]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1927; East St Kilda, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 375, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW(?) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Several contemporaneous Arthur Wilkins, specific to be identified

* [[/Charles Joseph Wilkins|Wilkins, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRZ-3KS] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALB Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2208, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Manly, NSW, 1933-1936); electrical mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); dynamo attendant (Manly, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Robert Thomson Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert Thomson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KL-ZX4] - 19??(???)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2WQ Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936); 2WQ Werris Creek (1937-1939); 2WQ South Grafton (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1253, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1932-1934); electrician (South Grafton, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''WILKINSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Angus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Dudley Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-Q53] - 1919(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5WD Adelaide (Frewville, 1935-1939; College Park, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1455, 1935, SA; BOCP 182, 1938; 1COCP 284, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hawthorn, SA, 1941; Ballarat, Vic, 1942)
* [[/Frederick Gidley Hattam Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Frederick or Frederic Gidley Hattam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7N-YDF] - 1896(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XGG Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918, Gunner); bank clerk (1916) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); clerk (Young, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); bank clerk (Commercial Bank, Braidwood, NSW, 1936-1937); bank officer (Milton, NSW, 1943-1949; Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1980; Mooloolaba, Qld, 1980)
* [[/James Enoch Machell Augustus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, James Enoch Machell Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X59-KSR] - 1910(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 3PQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1931-1937; Fairfield, 1938-1939; Northcote, 1947-1956; Lalor, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 782, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937)

===''WILLIAMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williams|Williams, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Frederick Williams|Williams, Alan William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8H-KSX] - 1911(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939); 2AF Wagga Wagga (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 737, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 31, 1936; TVOCP 271, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937-1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Albert Edward Williams|Williams, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1930-1931); 5BO Adelaide (Ottaway, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 659, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - several contemporaneous AEWs in SA

* [[/Alex Elisha Williams|Williams, Alex Elisha]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JC-RN9] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3KT Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1062, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); school teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1968); teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Alfred Keith Williams|Williams, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-3SS] - 1905(WA)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6AW Collie (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 502, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: picture S. operator (Collie, 1930) 

* [[/Archdale Robert Leslie Williams|Williams, Archdale Robert Leslie &quot;Archie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L668-177] - 1895(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3WE Birchip (1932-1933); 3WE Omeo, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1005, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1914-1919); WW2, (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Seymour, Vic, 1921-1924); linotyper (Claremont, Vic, 1927-1928); linotype operator (Birchip, Vic, 1931); journalist (Omeo, Vic, 1936-1954)

* [[/Evan James Williams|Williams, Evan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1M6-MLM] - 1894(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2JW Sydney (Double Bay, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 810, 1924 (Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Aust Wireless Signals Squadron, 1917-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: freeholder (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Ernest Arthur Williams|Williams, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKNS-QYG] - 1888(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Receive Wollongong (1923); 2QY Wollongong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Wollongong, 1913, 1930-1958); retired (Wollongong, 1968)

* [[/Harold Parkyn Williams|Williams, Harold Parkyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CW-DGX] - 1881(Qld)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - first general manager of ABC - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/williams-harold-parkyn-9112 ADB]

* [[/John Banks Williams|Williams, John Banks]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZH-ZR5] - 1913(Vic)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ADI Sydney (Bondi North, 1937-1939); 2ADI Merimbula (1946-1948); 2ADI Bega (1950); 2AYW Bega (1957-1969); 2AYW Kiama (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 983, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bega, NSW, 1949-1954); radio technician (Bega, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Kiama, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/J. E. Williams|Williams, J. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DQ Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: many contemporaneous JEWs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Williams|Williams, John Henry Jnr &quot;Johnny&quot; &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP3D-8NG] - 1880(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Mackay (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 507, 1929, No ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: iron monger? (Mackay, 1925-1943) - established commercial broadcaster 4MK Mackay 1931

* [[/John Owen Williams|Williams, John Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWV-S18] - 1918(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3OU Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1937; Sandringham, 1938-1939); 3OQ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948); 3UO Melbourne (Sandringham, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1426, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bio-chemist (Prahran, Vic, 1943-1949); instrument maker (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Henry Williams|Williams, Joseph Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G178-LC7] - 1921(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939); 3NL Melbourne (Northcote, 1948; Mordialloc, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2134, 1938, Vic; BOCP 183, 1938) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: defence instructor (Northcote, Vic, 1949); teacher (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954-1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1968; Macleod, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Kenneth Jack Woodbine Williams|Williams, Kenneth Jack Woodbine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP6T-5JR] - 1912(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2XD Sydney (Bankstown, 1932-1936); 2XD Tamworth (1937-1939); 2XD Sydnet (Bankstown, 1946-1947; Eastwood, 1948-1950; West Ryde, 1954-1956; Galston, 1957-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1025, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1935; Tamworth, NSW, 1937); engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1954); farmer (Galston, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/L. L. Williams|Williams, L. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9WL Kela, Salamaua, New Guinea (1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie Samuel Barnes Williams|Williams, Leslie Samuel Barnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-X56] - 1896(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4LS Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1930-1933); 4LS Toogoolawah (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 630, 1930, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: naval signalman (Cape Moreton, 1917-1922); saddler (Indooroopilly, 1925-1931); boot repairer (Toogoolawah, 1934-1958); retired (Taringa, 1963-1972) 

* [[/Neville Gatenby Williams|Williams, Neville Gatenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX7-QBT] - 1919(Vic)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3PH Melbourne (Brighton, 1935-1939, 1947); 3PH Seymour (1948-1954); 7PH Launceston (1955-1956); 3PM Mildura (1965-1969); 4PH Magnetic Island (1975); 4PH Toorbul (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1555, 1935, Vic; COCP1 996, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949; Seymour, Vic, 1949); communications officer (Airport, Mildura, Vic, 1963-1968); shopkeeper (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972); retired (Arcadia, Qld, 1977; Currumbin, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald Armand Williams|Williams, Ronald Armand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYY5-2QC] - 1916(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3ZD Warragul (1937-1939, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2034, 1937, Vic; BOCP 646, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); manager (Warragul, Vic, 1949-1954); general manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1963) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1069349 VWMA]

* [[/Walter Neville Williams|Williams, Walter Neville &quot;Neville&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW6-G6P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Merrylands, 1947-1969); 2XV Sydney (Carlingford, 1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 107, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (long-time editor Electronics Australia) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Guildford, NSW, 1936); engineer (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1963; Granville West, NSW, 1968; Merrylands, NSW, 1972); editor (Beecroft, NSW, 1977; Carlingford, NSW, 1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199701.pdf EA]

===''WILLIAMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williamson|Williamson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Joseph Augustine Williamson|Williamson, Cecil Joseph Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K879-9HC] - 1925(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Yass (1929-1931); 2ALS Yass (1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 525, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Yass, 1930-1949); farmer (Trundle, 1949); mechanic (Orange, 1954-1972)

* [[/Edwin Keith David Williamson|Williamson, Edwin Keith David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBY9-Z1N] - 1910(Vic)-2005(WA) - Licences: 3IF Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1947-1956; Oakleigh, 1960-1969); 3IF Warneet (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2218, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1954); bank officer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Warneet, Vic, 1972; Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson|Williamson, Frederick Lerpiniere]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6L-GCH] - 1896(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5AH Receive Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922); 5AH Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922-1927; Collinswood, 1928, 1948-1955); also dealer licence 5BT Adelaide 1925-1926 for Kauper, Austin &amp; Williamson - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 22, 1924, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 284, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5AH - Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson&quot;

* [[/Hubert Gordon Williamson|Williamson, Hubert Gordon &quot;Rusty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7J-YQP] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3GW Rainbow (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 3GW Lalor (1965-1969); 3GW Melbourne (East Doncaster, 1975-1980); 3GH Rainbow (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 342, 1927, Vic; COCP1 593, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Rainbow, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Lalor, Vic, 1963-1967); technician (Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian - See Marjorie Lilian Hutchings

===''WILLIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Archibald Willis|Willis, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1H-6FR] - 1917(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2161, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: not stated (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1963; Annerley, Qls, 1968); retired (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1972)

* [[/Harold Oliver Willis|Willis, Harold Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-NLZ] - 1898(Vic)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6OW Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1931); 6AM Perth (South Fremantle, 1933); 6HW Perth (South Fremantle, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 675, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: baker (South Fremantle, 1925-1968)

===''WILLMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILMOTT

* [[/Thomas Robert Willmott|Willmott or Wilmot, Thomas Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD6-TB4] - 1886(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: XCL Sydney (Toongabbie, 1912-1914); 2BR Receive South Grafton (1922); 2ZO South Grafton (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 48, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Grafton South, 1930-1943)

===''WILLOUGHBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Lancelot Willoughby|Willoughby, Eric Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR88-Q5X] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BM Adelaide (Penrhyn, 1932-1939); 5GO Adelaide (Unley, 1948); 3FB Noojee (1954-1956); 3FB Neerim Junction (1960); 4EW Booval (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1035, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Penrhyn, SA, 1939-1943); farmer (Noojee, Vic, 1949-1954); PMG Linesman (Booval, Qld, 1963-1968); PMG (Booval, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WILMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILLMOTT

* [[/John Henry Wilmott|Wilmott, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQY-PTR] - 1914(WA)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 6JW Perth (Como, 1934-1939); 2AJX Sydney (Lindfield, 1975); 2AJX Bathurst (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1345, 1934, WA; 1COCP 170, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JHWs - Electoral Rolls: aircraft radio officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1958-1968); proprietor (Bathurst, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WILSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilson|Wilson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Wilson|Wilson, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DL Receive Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Wilson|Wilson, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-FSR] - 1904(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3JF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1935-1937; McKinnon, 1938-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1546, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1926-1936); printer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Darius Joseph Wilson|Wilson, Darius Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZR-GJ4] - 1901(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1929-1931; Lidcombe, 1933; Five Dock, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Warwick Farm, 1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 548, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Leichhardt, 1930; Five Dock, 1943-1949); no occupation (Five Dock, 1954); french polisher (Yagoona, 1954-1968); polisher (Yagoona, 1972-1977)

* [[/Donald Davidson Wilson|Wilson, Donald Davidson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4M-C67] - 1913(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AES Teralba (1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1822, 1936, NSW; BOCP 335, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Son is also DDW - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Speer's Point, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Teralba, NSW, 1943-1980)  

* [[/Henry George Wilson|Wilson, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5LY-R6P] - 1908(Eng)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2AGO Sydney (Greenwich, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2045, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HGWs - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Greenwich, NSW, 1954-1972)

* [[/Horace Benjamin Wilson|Wilson, Horace Benjamin &quot;Ben&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-71R] - 1911(WA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5WB Adelaide (Wayville, 1930-1937; Unley Park, 1938-1939); 2BP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1946-1948; West Ryde, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 586, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 161, 1934; 2COCP 33, 1935; 1COCP 72, 1935 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Unley Park, 1939); recording engineer (McMahons Point, 1949); business manager (West Ryde, 1954-1980)

* [[/J. H. or T. H. Wilson|Wilson, J. H. or T. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BV Perth (Claremont, 1922; Peppermint Grove, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Thomas Wilson|Wilson, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN47-4TR] - 1914(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3CU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3ACV Colac (1954-1955); 3ACV Carisbrook (1956); 3ACV Melbourne (St Albans, 1960; Mt Evelyn, 1965-1969); 3ACV Lubeck (1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1878, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JTWs - Electoral Rolls: nil (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); textile (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); textile worker (Camberwell, Vic, 1943 + Mary Ellen)

* [[/Leonard Gratton Wilson|Wilson, Leonard Gratton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQN8-3K6] - 1901(NSW)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6LG Perth (Inglewood, 1928; South Perth, 1930-1931; Como, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 429, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: vigneron (Caversham, 1925); police constable (South Perth, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); constable (Albany, 1943-1949); police constable (Como, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Maclean Wilson|Wilson, Leslie Maclean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRH5-9TL] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LM  Marsden (1924-1926); 2LM Sydney (Cremorne, 1927); 2LM Mudgee (1928-1936); 2LMW Mudgee (1937-1939); 2ALM Mudgee (1946-1950); 2ALM Port Macquarie (1954-1958); 2LM Port Macquarie (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 33, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mudgee, NSW, 1930-1954); no occupation (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Perry Allen Wilson|Wilson, Perry Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AT Receive Eumundi (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motordriver (Eumundi, Qld, 1925-1934); garage proprietor (Eumundi, Qld, 1936-1943)

* [[/Robert Scott Wilson|Wilson, Robert Scott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ3-98L] - 1898(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XKC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1926; Gardiner, Vic, 1927-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Victor William Wilson|Wilson, Robert Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWJ-J3L] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2AFS Moree (1936-1939); 2AFS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1947-1950); 2AFS Port Stephens (Williamtown, 1954-1955); 3SD Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1836, 1936, NSW; COCP1 1031, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RVWs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (East Sydney, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (East Moree, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Hamilton, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Vaughan Hislop Wilson|Wilson, Vaughan Hislop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-Z2B] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2ADZ Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1937; Harris Park, 1938); 2VW Sydney (Kingsford, 1947; Maroubra, 1948-1960; West Pymble, 1961-1965; Chittaway Point, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified NZ?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1958); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1963); technician (Chittaway Point, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Victor John Wilson|Wilson, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-NPY] - 1909(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923); 4VW Brisbane (Newstead, 1937-1939); 4VW Nambour (1960); 4VW Brisbane (Everton Park, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1100, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Newstead, Qld, 1931-1937; Nambour, Qld, 1958; Everton Park, Qld, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Warne Alfred George Wilson|Wilson, Warne Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKLN-Y39] - 1900(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Receive Ballarat (1923); 3RY Ballarat (1924-1925); 3WA Ballarat (1928-1939, 1946-1960); 3KV Ballarat (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 444, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 20, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Ballarat, 1924); radio engineer (Ballarat, 1927-1980)

* [[/Wilfred Elvyn Wilson|Wilson, Wilfred Elvyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-MB4] - 1880(Eng)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Receive Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1923); 2JI Sydney (Roseville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Roseville, 1930-1963)

* [[/William Thomas Wilson|Wilson, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-9FS] - 1921(Vic)-1997(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2381, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Winston Mons Wilson|Wilson, Winston Mons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N7K-8K4] - 1915(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (East Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1407, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Preston, Vic, 1937); farmer (Eltham, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Cohuna, Vic, 1949); bookkeeper (Cohuna, Vic, 1954)

===''WILTSHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur John Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRH7-W1X] - 1916(???)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AEM Lismore (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1752, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales assistant (Lismore, NSW, 1937); turner &amp; fitter (Adamstown, NSW, 1943); turner &amp; machinist (Toronto, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Ballina, NSW, 1954); manager (Goonellabah, NSW, 1958-1963; Gundarimba, NSW, 1968); agent (Ballina, NSW, 1972-1977); distributor (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''WINCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winch|Winch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roderick Mervin Winch|Winch, Roderick Mervin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-MMP] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2OA Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1937); 3OA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1938); 2OA Sydney (Parramatta, 1946-1961); 2AMY Sydney (Harris Park, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (possibly from RAN) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval rating (Parramatta, NSW, 1932; Harris Park, NSW, 1933-1937); radio dealer (Parramatta, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wing|Wing, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James John Wing|Wing, William James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDHH-WKW] - 1887(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 188, 1916; 2COCP 142, 1930; 1COCP 212, 1931 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (CPO, 1917-1918); AWA - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hotel Metropole, Thursday Island, Qld, 1914); wireless engineer operator (Radio Station, Applecross, WA, 1917); radiotelegraphist (Cooktown, 1921); business manager (Epping, 1930); sales manager (Epping, 1933-1936; Roseville, 1937; Chatswood, 1943-1949); manager (Melbourne, 1954)

===''WINKLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winkler|Winkler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Martin Herbert Rudolf Winkler|Winkler, Rev. Martin Herbert Rudolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HCP-JCV] - 1906(NZ)-1985(SA) - Licences: 2MP Wagga Wagga (1934-1939); 2MP Temora (1946-1948); 5MV Adelaide (Clapham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1335, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1932; Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1943; Barmedman, 1949) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/614919 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1241955 Photo]

===''WINTERFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton Winterford|Winterford, Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ML-FJH] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Canada?) - Licences: 4MF Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1931); 4MF Southport (1933); 4MF Sarina (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 363, 1927, No. 40 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Annerley, Qld, 1931); mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); electrician (Sarina, Qld, 1943); electrical contractor (Broadbeach, Qld, 1949)

===''WINTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winton|Winton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Winton|Winton, John Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-4ZG] - 1912(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3XR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1933; Surrey Hills, 1937-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Montrose, 1965; Wantirna South, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 959, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1937); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; North Croydon, Vic, 1954; Montrose, Vic, 1963-1968; Wantirna, Vic, 1972)

===''WIRSU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wirsu|Wirsu, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oiva Leslie Wirsu|Wirsu, Oiva Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14L-RGB] - 1919(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3ALW Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947); 2AMA Sydney (Kensington, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2415, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1954; Gordon, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''WISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wise|Wise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Wise|Wise, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDS-D87] - 1853(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (Postmaster-General, 1920-1921) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Sale, 1905-1949) - Links: [[w:George Wise (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William George Wise|Wise, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKG-RBN] - 1902(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2PW Sydney (Summer Hill, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1045, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical linesman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); lineman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''WISEMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William James Cleave Wiseman|Wiseman, William James Cleave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2M-ZP8] - 1906(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5WJ Port Lincoln (1931-1939); 5WJ Ceduna (1947-1948); 5WJ Adelaide (Parafield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 759, 1931, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 485, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Port Lincoln, SA, 1939-1941); aeradio operator (Ceduna, SA, 1943)

===''WISHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Turner Wishart|Wishart, William Turner &quot;Bill, Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ3-J9S] - 1900(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4WT Brisbane (Graceville, 1931-1939); 6TW Perth (Claremont/Floreat Park, 1946-1948); 4WX Brisbane (St Lucia, 1965-1969; Margate 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 870, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, federal councillor) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Red Hill, Qld, 1921); optical mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1925; Graceville, Qld, 1928-1937); audiometrist (Floreat Park, WA, 1949; Darlington, WA, 1949); retired (Wynnum North, Qld, 1972; Margate, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Witt|Witt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney Herbert Witt|Witt, Sidney Herbert &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-BDV] - 1892(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1914-1916); electrical engineer (Camberwell, 1922); engineer (Brighton, 1925-1943; Glen Iris, 1958-1968; Burwood, 1972)) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/witt-sidney-herbert-12059 ADB]; [http://www.coxhill.com/trlhistory/history/witt.htm Coxhill]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2355724 NLA]

* [[/Walter King Witt|Witt, Walter King]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCV-VWY] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XKW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (RAN Transport); WW2 (RANVR); Wireless Institute Victoria (vice president, 1914) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Williamstown, Vic, 1916-1917); X-ray operator (Northcote, Vic, 1919); traveller (Williamstown, Vic, 1922-1924); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1925-1927); sales (Williamstown, Vic, 1928-1968); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1972); importer (Williamstown, Vic, 1977) - Links: [https://www.wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2014/20141022-1/index.php WIA Amateur Radio 2014 11]

===''WOHLERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wohlers|Wohlers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Gibson Wohlers|Wohlers, Howard Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YB-FHW] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3YV Wangaratta (1947-1965); 3AYV Portable Wangaratta (1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2339, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wangaratta, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''WOLFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hamilton Bennett Wolfe|Wolfe, Hamilton Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H2-8K6] - 1886(Vic)-1956(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 193, 1916; 2COCP 242, 1930; 1COCP 213, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908-1912); wireless telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925-1926); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1936-1949); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1954)

===''WOLFENDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Wolfenden|Wolfenden, Peter]] - 3ZPA Strathmore (1965) - amateur operator, historian (amateur, amateur broadcasting), journalist (WIA's &quot;Amateur Radio&quot;)

===''WOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wood|Wood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Abner David Wood|Wood, Abner David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ7R-BJC] - 1910(Eng)-1976(SA) - Licences: 6AS Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1534, 1935, WA; BOCP 654, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/George Alfred Wood|Wood, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7Z-9F6] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2IZ Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1935; Woollahra, 1936-1939); 2AIX Sydney (Woollahra, 1948; Bondi Junction, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1125, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Waverley, NSW, 1933-1935); mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1937; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943-1949); telephone technician (Randwick North, NSW, 1954-1958; Hurstville South, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Hurstville South, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Henry Clarence Wood|Wood, James Henry Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H7-XN9] - 1901(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Receive Grafton (Crystal) (1923); 2ZM Grafton (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1128, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/James William Wood|Wood, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-B9P] - 1914(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2GG Albury (1946-1947); 2GG Herne Bay (1948-1950); 2GG Sydney (Bexley North, 1954-1961; Long Jetty, 1965-1969; Killarney Vale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2419, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 39, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWWs - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Percy Wood|Wood, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-2V1] - 1909(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RQ Ipswich (1927-1931); 4PW Ipswich (1933-1939); 2EPW Banora Point - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 359, 1927, No. 39 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN, AR); engineer (IREE) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Ipswich, 1931); radio dealer (Ipswich, 1937-1949; East Ipswich, 1954-1968); electrical dealer (Banora Point, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Eric Wood|Wood, Raymond Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LV-Y2C] - 1916(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2VB Sydney (South Kensington, 1935-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Epping, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1580, 1935, NSW; COCP2 195, 1939; COCP1 305, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Saint Huberts Island, NSW, 1980)

===''WOODHEAD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Edward Woodhead|Woodhead, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97Q-V5C] - 1904(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 6DI Receive Bridgetown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bridgetown, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Mortdale, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WOODLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodley|Woodley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Woodley|Woodley, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-CYY] - 1909(???)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6BY Perth (West Leederville, 1930-1931); 6DJ Perth (Carlisle, 1946-1948; Victoria Park, 1954-1956; Maniana, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 680, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Claremont, 1936-1937); mechanic (Victoria Park, 1943); radio mechanic (Carlisle, 1949; Victoria Park, 1954; Maniana, 1963-1980) - Callsign possibly withdrawn for commercial

===''WOODMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodman|Woodman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Woodman|Woodman, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V1B-S3D] - 1903(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1933); 2ZE Leeton (1933-1937); 2ZE Delegate (1938-1939, 1946-1947); 2ZE Hay (1948-1961); 2ZE Murrumburrah (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 925, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933); postal clerk (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); postmaster (Delegate, NSW, 1943; Hay, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Murrumburrah, NSW, 1968)

===''WOODWARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodward|Woodward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Woodward|Woodward, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZ7-DFF] - 1909(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YO Melbourne (Coburg, 1931; Moreland, 1933-1939; Malvern East, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 765, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/George Reginald Woodward|Woodward, George Reginald ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG18-CNZ] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2WO Sydney (Sutherland, 1932-1933); 2YT Sydney (Sutherland, 1934-1939); 2YT Bathurst (1946-1947); 2YT Rydal (1948); 2YT Sydney (Smithfield, 1950; Canley Vale, 1954-1957; Auburn, 1958; Smithfield, 1960; Canley Vale, 1961); 2YT Taree (1965-1975); 2YT Sydney (Gladesville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 901, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 718, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sutherland, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Kirkconnell, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Auburn North, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1958); radio technician (Lithgow, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Moree, NSW, 1963; Ryde, NSW, 1968); salesman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1972); retired (Punchbowl, NSW, 1977); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

===''WOOKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Lewis Wookey|Wookey, Geoffrey William Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3H-WNJ] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YJ Melbourne (Croydon, 1931-1933; Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980); 3AYJ Melbourne (Portable, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 838, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1968); instrument maker (East Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)
* [[/Robert Bruce Wookey|Wookey, Robert Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DP1-GVW] - 1907(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Geelong (1923-1924); 3RW Geelong (1925-1927); 3IC Geelong (1948-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 146, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cressy, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Queenscliff, Vic, 1931; Geelong, Vic, 1942-1972)

===''WOOLACOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woolacott|Woolacott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Prosser Woolacott|Woolacott, Francis Prosser &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFL-94T] - 1903(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2ST Receive Sydney (Drummoyne, 1923-1924); 2FW Sydney (Drummoyne, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 119, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father-in-law of Geoffrey Ross Curnow - Electoral Rolls: architect (Mosman, NSW, 1936); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); architect (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963)

===''WOOLLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woollett|Woollett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edgar Woollett|Woollett, David Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-HDP] - 1920(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZDE Sydney (Beverley Hills, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 202, 1956; AOCP 4292, 1965, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Beverley Hills, 1949-1972; Narwee, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Horace Woollett|Woollett, Norman Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD2-Z5M] - 1908(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Mosman, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 276, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936); public servant (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''WOOLLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Ronald Woolley|Woolley, Leon Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L214-JQH] - 1898(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4FW Ipswich (1931); 4FW Townsville (1933); 4FW Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 751, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, ATC); employment (school teacher) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Bell, Qld, 1919-1921; Newtown, Qld, 1925; Kia Ora, Townsville, 1931; Newtown, Qld 1934-1963)

===''WOOLNOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Stephen Woolnough|Woolnough, Archibald Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CG-9PK] - 1909(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3BW Portarlington (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 519, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: business proprietor (Portarlington, 1931-1980) 

* [[/Walter George Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K89F-ZSF] - 1876(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933), on behalf of son Walter Lyell Woolnough - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Nil - Relationships: father of 2GW Walter Lyell Woolnough - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Mt Lawley, WA, 1913); professor geology (University, WA, 1916-1917); geologist (Hotel Canberra, ACT, 1928); Commonwealth Geologist (Forrest, ACT, 1937); clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); public servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); no occupation (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Walter Lyell Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CJF-LS3] - 1906(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933-1936); 2GW Lithgow (1937-1939); 2GW Sydney (Gordon, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 153, 1925, No. ?? in NSW), amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: licence held by father Walter George Woolnough till 1933 - Relationships: son of Walter George Woolnough, holder of 2GW licence till 1933 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930); assistant engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937; Gordon, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''WOOSTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Meredith Wooster|Wooster, Horace Meredith &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Q-CGW] - 1909(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4VH Townsville (City, 1930-1939; Belgian Gardens, 1946-1948); 4VH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 623, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (Qld Railways, telegraphist; Qld Main Roads Dept); military (Army signals officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1931-1932; Norman Park, 1937; Townsville, 1943-1949; Yeronga, 1954-1980)

===''WORRALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worrall|Worrall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Albert Worrall|Worrall, Leonard Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTL5-L1L] - 1912(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2XM Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1934; Punchbowl, 1935-1936); 4XM Cairns (1937-1939); 4WL Brisbane (Stafford Heights, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1221, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1936; Cairns, Qld, 1937); bank clerk (Wynnum, Qld, 1943); clerk (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954-1963); bank manager (Tarragindi, Qld, 1968); manager (Stafford Heights, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WORSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worsley|Worsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Ansley Worsley|Worsley, Harold Ansley or Annesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L26G-17S] - 1905(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3EU Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2035, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1928); letter carrier (St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1968); messenger (Caulfield North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WORSWICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worswick|Robert Worswick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Victor Worswick|Worswick, Horace Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4T-NN4] - 1908(Eng)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 2VW Sydney (Concord West, 1931-1939); 3VI Melbourne (Ringwood, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954-1975; Mont Albert, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 727, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Concord, NSW, 1930-1937; Auburn, Vic, 1943; Ringwood, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''WORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Worth|Worth, Sydney or Sidney Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBH-5Z3] - 1905(WA)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6SW Perth (Rivervale, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 958, 1927; 2COCP 223, 1930; 1COCP 226, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1931); wireless operator (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1958)

===''WRAITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward James Crawford Wraith|Wraith, Edward James Crawford &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KV2C-11D] - 1862(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Early wireless experimenter

===''WRATTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mervyn James Wratten|Wratten, Mervyn James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-DV8] - 1918(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4MW Ipswich (Brassall, 1937-1939; North Ipswich, 1946-1947; Brassall, 1948-1980+); 4LX Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1932, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Ipswich ARC); military (WW2, CMF, AIF); employment (Cribb &amp; Foote, manager, radio section); business proprietor (Avon Theatre) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Brassall, Qld, 1943-1977; North Ipswich, Qld, 1980)

===''WRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wray|Wray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Milroy Percy Wray|Wray, Ronald Milroy Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-QYM] - 1909(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2WX Sydney (Hurstville, 1929-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 472, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hurstville, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1935-1937); biograph assistant (Hurstville, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''WREFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roger Norman Wreford|Wreford, Roger Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-N2X] - 1909(WA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2ADC Broken Hill (1936-1937); 5RW Adelaide (Blackwood, 1938-1939; Mitcham, 1947-1954; South Brighton, 1955-1960; Crafers, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1714, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5DW-6IW Arthur Franklin Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1936; Blackwood, SA, 1939; Mitcham, SA, 1941-1943)
* [[/Arthur Franklin Wreford|Wreford, Arthur Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3V1-92S] - 1898(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5DW Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1937-1939; Cumberland, 1947-1954); 6IW Perth (Armadale, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2037, 1937, SA; 2COCP 452, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Brother of 2ADC-5RW Roger Norman Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Kensington Gardens, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941; Cumberland, SA, 1943); civil servant (Gosnells, WA, 1954); technician (Armadale, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://discoveringanzacs.naa.gov.au/browse/person/133040 NAA]

===''WRIEDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Sjoberg Albert Wriede|Wriede, George Sjoberg Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKG2-VK8] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4DJ Receive Caboolture (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Cooroy, 1921; Miriam Vale, 1925-1958); retired (Gladstone, 1963)
===''WRIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wright|Wright, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Wright|Wright, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SS Receive Scarborough (1923); 2SS Scarborough (1924-1925); 2SS Coledale (1926-1933); 2SS Coolah (1933); 2SE Scarborough (1935-1936); 2SE Louth/Bourke (1937-1938); 2SE Walgett (1939); 2SE Willow Tree (1946); 2SE Stanmore (1947-1950); 2SE Sydney (Guildford, 1954-1961); 2SE Quirindi (1965) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 118, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous Albert Edward Wrights in NSW, needs specific data to identify - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2SS-2SE - Albert Edward Wright&quot;

* [[/Arthur Milford Wright|Wright, Arthur Milford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ9-JR6] - 1894(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XNF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914); 3CL Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1922); 2779 Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1915-1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1963)

* [[/A. W. H. Wright|Wright, A. W. H. &quot;Bill&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 5BW Adelaide, 3AAW, 4TU Garbutt (-1950+, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Collis Page Wright|Wright, Collis Page]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1P-P9L] - 1912(Tas)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7LZ Launceston (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1099, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Launceston, 1936-1937); salesman (Launceston, 1943); draper (Launceston, 1949-1968)

* [[/Eric John Wright|Wright, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-P2G] - 1904(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Brisbane (Annerley, 1936-1939; Windsor, 1947; Buranda, 1948; Annerley, 1954; Buranda, 1955-1956; Ekibin, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1816, 1936, Qld; 3COCP 1471, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1943; Annerley, Qld, 1949); waterside worker (Ekibin, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Harold Wright|Wright, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF95-LW1] - 1910(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6FR Perth (Buckland Hill, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, 1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1809, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Buckland Hill, WA, 1936; Mosman Park, WA, 1943-1963) 

* [[/Norman Hugh Wright|Wright, Norman Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G536-XM7] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XFQ Sydney (Mosman, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: shunter (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/William Wright|Wright, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WG-PLV] - 1893(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 323, 1927, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: driver (Terang, Vic, 1914-1963)

* [[/William Henry Hilsdon Wright|Wright, William Henry Hilsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVF-RKL] - 1905(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4FA Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Murrays Creek, 1930; Ballandean, 1937-1949); teacher (Toowoomba, 1954-1963)

===''WYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert John Hemingway Wyle|Wyle, Albert John Hemingway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3J-6L7] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6BW Perth (Shenton Park, 1937-1939; Nedlands, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1865, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1968); salesman (Dalkeith, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WYNNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Agar Wynne|Wynne, Agar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-6CN] - 1850(Eng)-1934(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1913-1914)
* [[/Alfred Percy Wynne|Wynne, Alfred Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L858-Q52] - 1885(Qld)-1966(Qld) - proprietor music business (Wynne's Music, Maryborough), proprietor broadcasting station (4MB Maryborough) - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Paddington, Qld, 1908; Mooloolah, Qld, 1909); commercial traveller (Mooloolah, Qld, 1912); piano tuner (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); salesman (Brisbane, Qld, 1916-1917; Mooloolah, Qld, 1919; Maryborough, Qld, 1919-1925); music store proprietor (Maryborough, Qld, 1928-1949); business manager (Maryborough, Qld, 1963)

=='''X'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

=='''Y'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''YATES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yates|Yates, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Gladstone Yates|Yates, Arthur Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZQ-6WH] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZP Inverell (1931-1936); 2ZP Sydney (Camperdown, 1937); 2ZP Inverell (1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 815, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943-1958); radio serviceman (Inverell, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gordon Yates|Yates, Kenneth Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-CJ3] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (Cottonville, 1939, 1947-1954; Westbourne Park, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2371, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Cottonville, SA, 1939-1943) 

* [[/Reginald Colin Yates|Yates, Reginald Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-QX6] - 1914(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 5RY Wyalla (1935-1937); 2AGZ Wollongong (1938-1939, 1947); 2AGZ Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950); 2AGZ Broken Hill (1954-1957); 2AGZ Newcastle (Hamilton, 1958-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1474, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1954); chartered electrical engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1958); professional engineer (Charlestown, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''YEATES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Melville Yeates|Yeates, Henry Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G698-PXG] - 1912(Tas)-1980(???) - Licences: 7HY Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1621, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical contractor (Launceston, 1949-1954); salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''YORSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Sutherland Yorston|Yorston, Ernest Sutherland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY8-46D] - 1909(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 299, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); sales (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); manufacturer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1963); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''YOUNG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Young|Young, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Arthur Young|Young, Alan Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CV7-R6T] - 1912(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YA Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; North Essendon, 1947-1948; Glenroy, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1924, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 237, 1939; 1COCP 349, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Monee Ponds, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1958-1963); textiler (Geelong, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Crawford Addison Young|Young, Crawford Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3C-DQT] - 1914(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6CY Perth (Fremantle, 1934-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1265, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943-1968)

* [[/Geoffrey Carl Young|Young, Geoffrey Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HD-8W5] - 1912(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2FN Newcastle (New Lambton, 1933; CBD, 1934-1936); 2FN Orange (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1124, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (New Lambton, NSW, 1934; Newcastle, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Orange, NSW, 1936-1937); manager (Newcastle, NSW, 1943-1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Horace Stewart Young|Young, Horace Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGH6-K25] - 1921(WA)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AMZ Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947; Dulwich Hill, 1948; Narwee, 1950-1961; Bexley, 1965-1975); 2AMZ Woy Woy (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2342, 1939, NSW; COCP2 1063, 1946; COCP1 1149, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); PMG employee (Narwee, NSW, 1949-1954); radio inspector (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1958-1963); public servant (Inaloo, WA, 1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968; Oakleigh South, Vic, 1972-1977); ?? (Woy Woy, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ian Neville Campbell Young|Young, Ian Neville Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-5G8] - 1917(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2OS Muswellbrook (1955-1958); 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1664, 1936, NSW; BOCP 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Thornton, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Ivan Harold Young|Young, Ivan Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L118-BVF] - 1910(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4YG Brisbane (Albion) (1930-1939); 4YH Brisbane (Mitchelton) (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 708, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 315, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio technician (Mission Control Station, Thursday Island) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Albion, 1931-1937); public servant (Newmarket, 1943; Mitchelton, 1949-1980)

* [[/James Lyle Young|Young, James Lyle &quot;Jim&quot;]] - 1897(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 2CH Receive Corowa (1922); 2JL Corowa (1926-1927); 2JL Coolamon (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 473, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless student (1918); WW1 (Applied, not called up) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1919); grazier (Coolamon, NSW, 1930-1937); farmer (East Doncaster, Vic, 1943)

* [[/James Wolstenholme Young|Young, James Wolstenholme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TQ-Z2R] - 1909(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Turramurra, 1925-1934; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2JY Katoomba (1946); 2JY Sydney (Mona Vale, 1947-1948; Willoughby, 1950-1961; Middle Cove, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 189, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: articled clerk (Turramurra, 1932-1934), solicitor (Roseville, 1937; Katoomba, 1943; Willoughby, 1954-1977)

* [[/John William Young|Young, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6RN-2XX] - 1906(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4JY Brisbane (Rosalie, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Rosalie, 1938; Coorparoo, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 752, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Rosalie, 1931); clerk (Sandgate, 1936); storeman (Rosalie, 1937; Coorparoo, 1943-1963); commercial traveller (Coorparoo, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Walter Young|Young, Kenneth Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ5-Y2S] - 1920(Vic)-2016(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3AKY Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1955; Elwood, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2424, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); grocer (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Laurence George Young|Young, Laurence George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH6-2J6] - 1908(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JN Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937; East Malvern, 1938-1939; Burwood, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1032, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Sandringham, Vic, 1934; Gardiner, Vic, 1937); fibro plasterer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); manufacturer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1954); builder (Springvale North, Vic, 1963-1968; Mulgrave, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Anderson Young|Young, William Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89P-B3K] - 1897(Sct)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (West End, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 330, 1927, No. 34 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boot employee (West End, 1925-1937); bootmaker (Ashgrove, 1943-1954)

===''YOUNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Younger|Younger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Younger|Younger or Yungherr (Electoral Rolls) or Jungherr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX1-ZV7] - 1900(Qld)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Pelaw Main (1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1102, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wheeler (Pelaw Main, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''YUILE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yuile|Yuile, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Henry Thomas Yuile|Yuile, Robert Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLQX-3DN] - 1907(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1946-1965; Baulkham Hills, 1969); 2HU Pretty Beach (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2408, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Granville, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); supervisor (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1968); retired (Pretty Beach, NSW, 1980)

=='''Z'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ZANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zander|Zander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Charles Andrew Zander|Zander, Albert Charles Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBP2-Z3F] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2175, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ZECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zech|Zech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Zech|Zech, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-YJG] - 1893(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XABQ Sydney (Annandale, 1912-1914); 2DL Sydney (Annandale, 1922, Receive); 2WZ Sydney (Annandale, 1925-1927; Ashfield, 1928-1930; Stanmore, 1933-1934); 2ACP Sydney (Enmore, 1937; Como, 1938); 2ACP Katoomba 1939 &amp; 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 424, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken); no record of AOCP - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1933-1934); casual worker (Katoomba, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Katoomba, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABQ-2DL-2WZ-2ACP - William James Zech&quot;

===''ZEUNERT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zeunert|Zeunert, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ivan Zeunert|Zeunert, Stanley Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVX-Q15] - 1921(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Hamilton (1938-1939); 3SZ Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1954; Glenroy, 1955-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2124, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer's assistant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1967; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

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{{CompactTOC8|side=yes}}

Thumbnail Radio Biographies sorted alphabetically by surname

'''Many of the stars of Australia's Radio Universe'''

'''Covering the full gamut from hypergiants to brown dwarfs'''

'''Each lit the way forward to broadcasting in Australia'''

=='''A'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Abbiss|Abbiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ABBISS''===

* [[/John Edwin Frederick Abbiss|Abbiss, John Edwin Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZJ-6H9] - 1907(Eng)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Balmoral, 1930; Morningside, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 581, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Evans Deakin shipyards) - Halcyon: p. 83, Abiss - Electoral Rolls: engineering draftsman (Morningside, 1936); draftsman (Coorparoo, 1937; Morningside, 1949-1977) 

===''ABBOTT''===

* [[/Reginald Nicholson Abbott|Abbott, Reginald Nicholson or Nicolson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FTG] - 1897(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VR Melbourne (Alphington, 1923-1927); 3ABB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 273, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Alphinton, 1925-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949); technician (Caulfield, 1954-1977)

* [[/Roy Edgar Abbott|Abbott, Roy Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6MT-CZX] - 1902(NSW)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 2YK Dorrigo (1930-1931); 2YK Telegraph Point (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 668, 1921; 2COCP 179, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Dorrigo, 1930; Telegraph Point, 1933-1937; Mittagong, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Kingsmill Abbott|Abbott, Thomas Kingsmill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHFH-4FH] - 1891(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Wingen (1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely military) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Graziers' Assoc NSW) - Comment: beware other contemporaneous TK Abbotts - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Muralla, 1913); grazier (Wollongong, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/209607 Obit]

===''ABRAHAMS''===

* [[/Frank Abrahams|Abrahams, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G836-Y6P] - 1903(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6089, 1966 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (St Kilda, 1925-1931); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1935-1936; Malvern, 1943-1967; Toorak, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of Louis Henry Abrahams

* [[/Louis Henry Abrahams|Abrahams, Louis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GJ-GZP] - 1889(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1; director (Victorian Radio Interests Ltd); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: potter (Brunswick, 1909); tobacconist (South Yarra, 1912-1921); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1924-1926); burner (Brunswick, 1937-1942) - Relationships: brother of 3FA Frank Abrahams

===''ACKERMAN''===

* [[/Joseph Adam Ackerman|Ackerman, Joseph Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZV-49L] - 1911(NSW)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 2ALG Sydney (Carlton, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2ALG Wentworthville (1950); 2ALG Sydney (Parramatta, 1954-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2229, 1938, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Paddington, 1932; Annandale, 1933-1936; Kogarah, 1937-1943; Carlton, 1949); clerk (Parramatta, 1954-1958); senior supervisor (Wentworthville, 1963; Epping, 1968-1972); retired (Sans Souci, 1977; Hurstville, 1980)

===''ACKLING''===

* [[/Harold Daniel Ackling|Ackling, Harold Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD5F-8RK] - 1892(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2PX Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 612, 1930, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Randwick, 1913); machinist (Bankstown, 1930-1980)

===''ACKLAND''===

* [[/Robert Gernand Ackland|Ackland, Robert Gernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCB4-3X8] - 1912(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AJJ Sydney (Cremorne, 1938; Drummoyne, 1939; Cremorne, 1946-1950); 2AJJ Colah (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2090, 1938, NSW; BOCP 148, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (2CR Radio Station, Cumnock, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Cremorne, NSW, 1949; Mt Colah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Stanley Frederick Gloucester Ackland|Ackland, Stanley Frederick Gloucester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5PB-C2Y] - 1904(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Prospect, 1923); 5SF Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1931; Linden Park, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 21, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Burnside, 1939-1943)

===''ACLAND''===

* [[/Bruce Acland|Acland, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1K-4M3] - 1920(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2AJR Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2085, 1938, NSW; COCP1 411, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Awards: Civilian Service Medal 1997 (1939-1945); King's Commendation for Brave Conduct 1943 (Darwin Civil Aerodrome during Japanese Air Raids) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Concord, NSW, 1943); airways engineer (Doomben, Qld, 1949-1972); surveyor (Paradise Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ADAMS''===

* [[/Alfred William Adams|Adams, Alfred William or William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZV-LDY] - 1908(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3VJ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1960; Mt Waverley, 1965; Scoresby, 1975); 3VJ Tootgarook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1955, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); leather worker (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1967); storeman (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972; Tootgarook, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/David Joseph Monk Adams|Adams, David Joseph Monk]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-ZHF] - 1919(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2AE Sydney (Wahroonga, 1934-1937; Turramurra, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Turramurra, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Turramurra, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Francis Alexander Adams|Adams, Francis Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2S2-RVF] - 1904(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ER Sydney (Carlingford, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 973, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank John Adams|Adams, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-29V] - 1880(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XO Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3XO Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 155, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; manager - Electoral Rolls: motor garage proprietor (Brighton, 1913); garage proprietor (Elsternwick, 1919-1921; Brighton, 1922-1924); manager (Brighton, 1925-1954); nil (Brighton, 1963-1968)

* [[/Lyal Kenneth Westgarth Adams|Adams, Lyal Kenneth Westgarth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBR5-24H] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1947); 2LA Wollongong (1948); 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1476, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943); police sergeant (Wollongong, NSW, 1949-1954); police inspector (Goulburn, NSW, 1958; Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Austinmer, NSW, 1963); retired (Wollongong, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Peter Harry Arthur Adams|Adams, Peter Harry Arthur &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3N-XMC] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Sydney (Cremorne, 1923-1924); 2JX Sydney (Cremorne, 1927; Manly, 1929; Cremorne, 1930; Gordon, 1931; Woolahra, 1933; Epping, 1933; Cremorne, 1935-1936; Thornleigh, 1937; Waverton, 1938-1939; Denistone, 1946-1947; Avalon Beach, 1948-1950); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1954-1961); 2JX Sydney (Pymble, 1965-1969); 2JX Nambucca Heads (1975); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 380, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, 1933); labourer (Epping, 1934); engineer (St Kilda, 1934); radio engineer (Thornleigh, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1943); engineer (Avalon Beach, 1949; Wentworth Falls, 1958); retired (Valla Beach, 1972-1977; Wentworth Falls, 1980)

===''ADAMSON''===

* [[/Lawrence Arthur Adamson|Adamson, Lawrence Arthur &quot;Dicky&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRD-JLJ] - 1860(Isle of Man)-1932(Vic) - Licences: XJDY Melbourne (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Wesley College, South Yarra, Vic, 1903-1906; Wesley College, Prahran, Vic, 1909-1931) - Links: [[w:Lawrence Adamson|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/adamson-lawrence-arthur-4971 ADB]

* [[/William Kenneth Adamson|Adamson, William Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MLXZ-HX5] - 1905(SA)-1982(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923-1924); 5WA Adelaide (Parkside, 1925-1927; Fullarton, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 135, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''ADEY''===

* [[/William Ross Adey|Adey, William Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZN-D6P] - 1922(SA)-2004(USA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (St Peters, 1947-1948); 3AJL Melbourne (Ashwood, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2259, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Burnside, SA, 1943)

===''AGER''===

* [[/John Henry Ager|Ager, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6S-9CN] - 1904(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2181, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio mechanic (Musgrave's) - Comment: possible suicide - Electoral Rolls: general carrier (Youanmi, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1943) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44810878 Trove]

===''AGNEW''===

* [[/Robert Gordon Carlisle Agnew|Agnew, Robert Gordon Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKK-D8Y] - 1904(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6RA Perth (Nedlands, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 721, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1925; Nedlands, WA, 1931-1972)

===''AINSLIE''===

* [[/Robert Inglis Ainslie|Ainslie, Robert Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM77-441] - 1909(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6CF Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1968; Crawley, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AITKIN''===

* [[/William Aitkin|Aitkin, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-Y7B] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XLA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Pay Corps, 1915-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WAs - Electoral Rolls: banker (Caulfield, Vic, 1922-1928; Brighton, Vic, 1928-1954); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963; Camden, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''AKED''===

* [[/Edward Louis John Aked|Aked, Edward Louis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTC-T4Z] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AEU Lismore (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEU East Ballina (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1763, 1936, NSW; BOCP 117, 1937; COCP2 898, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (P.O. Residence, Ballina, NSW, 1943); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1972); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1980)

===''AKEROYD''===

* [[/Arthur Gordon Akeroyd|Akeroyd, Arthur Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F2-JXL] - 1890(Vic)-1948(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Meteorologist, Forecasting and Statistical Division, Victoria) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1915); meteorologist (Northcote, 1921-1937); civil servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/akeroyd-arthur-gordon-9321 ADB]

* [[/R. Akeroyd|Akeroyd, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCX Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''ALDER''===

*[[/Oscar Edward Alder|Alder, Oscar Edward &quot;Ock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ2-D3P] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4JB Brisbane (Albion, 1928-1939, 1946-1948; Chermside, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 423, 1928, No. 47 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wool classer - Halcyon: p. 28, 84, 137 - Electoral Rolls: student (Albion, 1919); wool classer (Albion, 1925-1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); warehouse assistant (Chermside, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Lake Valentine Alder|Alder, William Lake Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCD-Q24] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Receive Melbourne (Chelsea, 1923); 3JE Melbourne (Chelsea, 1932-1933); 3JE Yarram (1937-1939); 3JE Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 882, 1932, Viv - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chelsea, Vic, 1928-1931); mechanic (Coleraine, Vic, 1934-1936); radiotrician (Yarram, Vic, 1937); electrician (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942); inspector (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''ALDERMAN''===

* [[/Valentine Zerbini Alderman|Alderman, Valentine Zerbini]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVL-F8N] - 1893(SA)-1919(SA) - Licences: XVC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALEXANDER''===

* [[/John Douglas Alexander|Alexander, John Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9D-WFZ] - 1906(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6DR Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1931); civil engineer (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); contractor engineer (Maylands, WA, 1949); farmer (Chidlow, WA, 1954-1963); engineer (Salter Point, WA, 1968; Manning, WA, 1972); retired (Mt Lawley, WA, 1977)

* [[/Peter Alfred Hunt Alexander|Alexander, Peter Alfred Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL5-PS9] - 1923(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2PA Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2402, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Carlingford, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Talbot Meredith Alexander|Alexander, Talbot Meredith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1FJ-MZN] - 1888(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4TM Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1931-1933); 4TM Townsville (North Ward, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 315, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kew, Vic, 1912-1914); wireless instructor (Melbourne City, 1925-1926); superintendent wireless (Glenferrie, Vic, 1926-1927); sales representative (City, Brisbane, 1928); business manager (North Ward, Qld, 1936-1937); instructor (Paddington, Qld, 1943); commercial traveller (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949; New Farm, 1954-1958); retired (Moorooka, 1968-1977)

===''ALLAN''===

* [[/Angus John Allan|Allan, Angus John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2C-YWF] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5UL Adelaide (Ovingham, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2013, 1937, SA; 1COCP 458, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ovingham, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/John Allan|Allan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-PFG] - 1905(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Chermside, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1938, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous JAs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALLARD''===

* [[/George Mason Allard|Allard, George Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HT-JMV] - 1866(Eng)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman of Directors (AWA); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Honours: knighted; K.B. - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Wahroonga, 1930-1937); accountant (Wahroonga, 1943-1949) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allard-sir-george-mason-4999 ADB] - TroveTag: &quot;George Mason Allard&quot;

===''ALLEN''===

* [[/Albert Edward Allen|Allen, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69B-SGR] - 1902(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: 7PA Hobart (New Town, 1933-1937; Moonah, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1171, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 7AL Thomas Arthur Allen - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (New Town, 1928-1936; Moonah, 1937-1954)

* [[/George Alexander Allen|Allen, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3H-DJK] - 1891(Sct)-1965(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 49, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Keith Allen|Allen, George Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-SLR] - 1897(Vic)-1962(Eng) - Licences: XJDT Melbourne (Coburg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Air Mechanic, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coburg, Vic, 1922-1925) 

* [[/Kenneth Douglas Allen|Allen, Kenneth Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N5-19J] - 1907(WA)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 2GX Sydney (West Ryde, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 648, 1930, NSW; 3COCP 4263, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Royal Australian Engineers, Lieutenant, 1940) - Education: BSc (Syd Uni, 1933) - Electoral Rolls: student (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935); director (Woolwich, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Woolwich, NSW, 1943); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1963-1972; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977; Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gidney Allen|Allen, Kenneth Gidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-PHQ] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3UH Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1965; Chadstone, 1969; Clayton, 1975; Chadstone, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 809, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); radio (Malvern, Vic, 1967; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Robert Kelvin Allen|Allen, Robert Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTK-TH9] - 1916(Qld)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 4PR Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1634, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 13 Squadron, Pilot Officer; Army, CMF, 1939-1946); (Halcyon, p. 177) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/allen-robert-kelvin-404945/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10308870 AWM Honour Roll]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/617992 VWMA]

* [[/Robert Newstead Osborne Allen|Allen, Robert Newstead Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-BXM] - 1908(India)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6CC Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1968); retired (Gosnells, WA, 1977; Armadale, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Arthur Allen|Allen, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SQ-9YN] - 1916(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7AL Hobart (New Town, 1936-1939, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne,1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1738, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 7PA Albert Edward Allen - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1943-1954); director (Lindisfarne, 1963-1972)

===''ALLINSON''===

* [[/Lancelot Thirlmier John Allinson|Allinson, Lancelot Thirlmier John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L81B-F4P] - 1896(NSW)-1961(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 804, 1924 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radiotelegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931; Como, WA, 1931; South Perth, WA, 1936-1943; Broome, WA, 1949-1954); telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1958)

===''ALLISON''===

* [[/Clifford Millbank Allison|Allison, Clifford Millbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4C-2WN] - 1901(SA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Receive Melbourne (North Carlton, 1922); 3AO Melbourne (North Carlton, 1937-1939); 3AZC Melbourne (Sandringham, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 717, 1922; 2COCP 229, 1930; 1COCP 56, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Carlton North, Vic, 1926-1937); constable (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''ALLSOP''===

* [[/Raymond Cottam Allsop|Allsop, Raymond Cottam &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJLT-SNJ] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XCA Sydney (Randwick, 1911-1914); 2YG Sydney (Randwick, 1924; Coogee 1924-1929; Roseville, 1930); 2AYG Sydney (Roseville, 1946-1947+); 2NA Sydney (Roseville, 1961); 2BL Sydney (Roseville, 1965-1969); Receive licence obo New Systems Telephones (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW); broadcaster (2BL, chief engineer); journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1920s); military (RAN Volunteer Reserve, Lieutenant; WW2 (RAN, Engineer Lieutenant); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 (obo Broadcasters Sydney Ltd; federal public servant (ABCB, member, 1953-1954) - Honours: Coronation Medal, 1937; OBE, 1971 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1930); engineer (Roseville, 1933; Gordon, 1937; Roseville, 1943); electronic engineer (Roseville, 1949); director (South Yarra, 1954); engineer (Roseville, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XCA-2YG-2AYG-2NA-2BL - Raymond Cottam Allsop&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allsop-raymond-cottam-ray-9344 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199001.pdf EA]

===''ALLWORTH''===

* [[/William Murray Allworth|Allworth, William Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZC-8KW] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1922); 2CT Receive Yamba (1923); 2OE Yass (1936-1939); 2OE Foster (1946); 2OE Yamba (1947); 2OE Maclean (1948-1950); 2OE Grafton (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1598, 1936, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Toronto, NSW, 1930; Swansea, NSW, 1932-1934; Yass, NSW, 1937); inspector of fisheries (Forster, NSW, 1943); fisheries inspector (Maclean, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''ALSOP''===

* [[/James Guest Alsop|Alsop, James Guest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WM-V9K] - 1904(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Sydney (Lakemba, 1932-1937); 2ACY Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 909, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CY amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2CY Canberra National service - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/John Russell Alsop|Alsop, John Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB3-WXQ] - 1906(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MI Melbourne (Kew, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 76, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Kew, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1958-1972)

===''ALTMAN''===

* [[/Louis Altman|Altman, Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCK-3PN] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Sydney (Bexley, 1931-1933; Lakemba, 1934-1939, 1946-1961; Pymble, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 851, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1949); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1963; Pymble, NSW, 1968)

===''AMBLER''===

* [[/Sydney Charles Ambler|Ambler, Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWD-Y9L] - 1892(NSW)-1956(WA) - Licences: XYAE Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 891, 1925; 2COCP 72, 1929; 1COCP 158, 1938 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (East Perth, WA, 1921; North Perth, WA, 1925); wireless telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1934-1943); radio telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1949); radio telephonist (Esperance, WA, 1954)

===''AMES''===

* [[/Clement Edgar Ames|Ames, Clement Edgar &quot;Clem&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDX-JF8] - 1889(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: XVG Adelaide (Torrensville, 1913-1914); 5AV Adelaide (Kent Town, 1923; Hindmarsh, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - Radio Activity: early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operator 5WI (1925) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Allenby Gardens, 1939-43) - TroveTag: &quot;XVG-5AV - Clement Edgar Ames&quot;

===''AMOR''===

* [[/Herbert Roy Amor|Amor, Herbert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQ6-6ZW] - 1910(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3LB Colac (1931-1933); 3LB Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3LB Marengo (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 844, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Colac, Vic, 1931); airman (Preston, Vic, 1937-1942; RAAF Darwin, NT, 1949); RAAF (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Marengo, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ANCHER''===

* [[/Norman Leslie Finion Ancher|Ancher, Norman Leslie Finion or Tinian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-MCQ] - 1910(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 5NA Adelaide (Mile End, 1937-1939); 2NH Sydney (Lindfield, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948-1954; Cremorne, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2057, 1937, SA; BOCP 476, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1934); sound engineer (West Maitland, NSW, 1936); engineer (Mile End, SA, 1939; Rose Park, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1972); technical officer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ANDERSON''===

* [[/Alexander Ronald Anderson|Anderson, Alexander Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-L6J] - 1914(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5GM Adelaide (Eastwood, 1936-1939, 1947; Payneham South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1700, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Eastwood, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Oswald Anderson|Anderson, Andrew Oswald &quot;Oswald&quot;, &quot;Andy&quot;, &quot;A.O.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-Z8L] - 1885(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, 1913); manager (Rose Bay, 1930; Vaucluse, 1934-1935) - Links: [https://ozvta.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/anderson-oswald-1062017.pdf Bio]

* [[/Eric William Alfred Anderson|Anderson, Eric William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WX-744] - 1908(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3KH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1928-1931; Glen Iris, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 424, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); engineer (Camberwell, 1943; Glen Iris, 1949-1968; Burwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Evan Anderson|Anderson, Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8K-87V] - 1902(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EA Port Welshpool (1937-1939); Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1880, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Abbotsford, Vic, 1925-1926); wireless mechanic (Meeniyan, Vic, 1928); fisherman (Port Welshpool, Vic, 1936-1943); inspector D.A.P. (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/F. W. Anderson|Anderson, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LE Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1922); 965 Sydney (Bondi, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frederic Brian Anderson|Anderson, Frederic Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YN-TYJ] - 1918(Eng)-2008(SA)90yo - Licences: 5FA Tanunda (1934-1939); 5FA Waikerie (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1351, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tanunda, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/G. R. Anderson|Anderson, G. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Gilberton, 1923); 5GA Adelaide (Highgate, 1931-1933; Myrtle Bank, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Shields Anderson|Anderson, James Shields]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSG-BYJ] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Preston, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2357, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1926-1931); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1934-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

* [[/John Francis Anderson|Anderson, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JJ-WFL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JA Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3JA Nullawarre (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 661, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Warrnambool, 1936; Nullawarre, 1937-1980)- Comment: Several contemporaneous JFAs

* [[/Keith Sydney Anderson|Anderson, Keith Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-8J9] - 1911(WA)-1944(Vic) - Licences: 6KS Perth (North Perth, 1935); 6KS Mt Magnet (1937); 6KS Perth (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1487, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd/1st Infantry Battalion, Private) - Electoral rolls: bank officer (Mt Magnet, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/618137 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1691738 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10295040 AWM]

* [[/Maurice Bernard Anderson|Anderson, Maurice Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3V-WL9] - 1908(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1923-1924); 5MA Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1925-1928); 3AMA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 103, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; fitter - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/Percy James Anderson|Anderson, Percy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WN-6Y7] - 1908(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PA Melbourne (Westgarth, 1928-1933; West Preston, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PA Dooen (1965-1969); 3PA Geelong (Wallington, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 428, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Westgarth, 1934); engineer (Preston, 1936-1963); technician (Horsham, 1967-1968); retired (Wallington, 1972-1980) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3JR Christopher James Rainbow

* [[/Robert Arthur Crosbie Anderson|Anderson, Robert Arthur Crosbie &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-GZN] - 1908(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3WY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 691, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Camberwell, 1931-1949; Glen Iris, 1954-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Alexander Anderson|Anderson, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9F-F36] - 1906(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Harwood Island (1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1113, 1928 (Spark); COCP2 93, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Harwood Island, NSW, 1932-1937); labourer (Chatsworth Island, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''ANDREWS''===

* [[/Alan Robert Andrews|Andrews, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQW-6GJ] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Erson Leonard Andrews|Andrews, Erson Leonard &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55V-CD8] - 1916(NSW)-2016(NSW)100yo - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1947; Fairfield West, 1948-1950); 2BO Goulburn (1954-1980+); 2BBO Mossy Point (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2251, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenelg, SA, 1939); medical detailer (Fairfield, NSW, 1949); chemist (Goulburn, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Goulburn, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Howard Lyell Andrews|Andrews, Howard Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WQ9-H6M] - 1900(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HY Murchison (1936-1939); 3HY Melbourne (East Kew, 1947-1948); 3HY Hamilton (1954-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1840, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Koo Wee Rup, Vic, 1924; Neerim South, Vic, 1928; Tatura, Vic, 1931; Murchison, Vic, 1936-1942; Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954; Hamilton, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''ANEAR''===

* [[/Francis George Anear|Anear, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XLK-9D6] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5LK Carrow (1929-1931); 9WZ Momote, Admiralty Islands (1954); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1955); 3AGF Melbourne (Laverton, 1960); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 556, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as Francis George Anear

===''ANGEL''===

* [[/Henry Benjamin Angel|Angel, Henry Benjamin &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWW-K4Y] - 1891(Eng)-1998(Qld, 106yo) - Licences: 4HA Brisbane (St Lucia, 1935-1939; Enoggera, 1946-1969; Lota, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1503, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW1, AIF Signals; WW2, AMF, Navy); business proprietor (radio service) - QSLs: Entire collection held by SLQ - Halcyon: p. 51, 60, 81, 163 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919; Toowong, Qld, 1919-1925); carrier (St Lucia, Qld, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Lota, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Anscombe|Anscombe, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TL-7LR] - 1888(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: turner &amp; fitter (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1913; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914); mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); manager (Box Hill, Vic, 1927-1943)

===''ANSELL''===

* [[/Lewis Charles Ansell|Ansell, Lewis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLZ-T41] - 1905(Eng)-1983(???) - Licences: 2TO Sydney (Woollahra, 1932-1937); 2TO Newcastle (Waratah, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 2BTO Newcastle (Waratah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1028, 1932, NSW; COCP2 427, 1933; COCP1 331, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval wireless operator (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1931); police trainee (Woollahra, NSW, 1932-1933); constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Waratah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ANSLOW''===

* [[/Arthur Zeathen Anslow|Anslow, Arthur Zeathen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSK-ZHF] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Balgowlah, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Manly, NSW, 1930-1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1972)

===''ANSTEY''===

* [[/David Howell Anstey|Anstey, David Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHB-B3C] - 1906(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4DM Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2237, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Coorparoo, Qld, 1934-1937); taxi driver (Buranda, Qld, 1943); manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''ANTHONY''===

* [[/Michael Henry Anthony|Anthony, Michael Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK3H-6B7] - 1894(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); telegraphist (Prahran, 1921-1924); clerk (Oakleigh, 1934); railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); telegraphist (Sandringham, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Major Anthony|Anthony, Reginald Major &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYN-YWG] - 1908(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5CM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1937; Medindie Gardens, 1938-1939; Prospect, 1946-1960; Somerton Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 324, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Wilfred Boykett Anthony - Electoral Rolls: Nil

* [[/Thomas Reginald Anthony|Anthony, Thomas Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51Y-JSK] - 1906(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2HR Sydney (Concord, 1935-1936); 2AEC Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 2TR Sydney (Burwood, 1946; Kogarah, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1484, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2HR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2HR Lochinvar? commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1932; Concord, NSW, 1933-1935); electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Wilfred Boykett Anthony|Anthony, Wilfred Boykett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYJ-3HZ] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil identified - amateur receive operator, WW2 - Relationships: Brother of Reginald Major Anthony - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Netherby, 1939-1941)

===''APPERLEY''===

* [[/George Apperley|Apperley, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNQ-5XG] - 1887(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 704, 1922; 1COCP 237, 1931 - NZ Gov. Telegraphs pre 1910; British Colonial Gov, 1910-1912; AWA (from 1913; Chief Marconi Wireless School 1914-1916; Works Manager 1916-1919; technical superintendent 1919-1923; OIC Beam Wireless 1924; Traffic Manager, Beam Wireless - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1922); manager (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1943); engineer (Manly, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;George Apperley&quot;

===''APPLETON''===

* [[/William Thomas Traill Appleton|Appleton, William Thomas Traill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVQ-RR8] - 1883(Vic)-1916(France) - Licences: XJQ Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: ship owner (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1916) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/275799 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ARCHER''===

* [[/Robert William Archer|Archer, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55M-G19] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2UD Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1517, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1943-1958); electrical engineer (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''ARCHIBALD''===

* [[/Ian Wilson Archibald|Archibald, Ian Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-9LC] - 1902(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Receive Tingha (1922); 2KU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1928-1939, 1946-1955; Sans Souci, 1956-1965; Noraville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 457, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 2393, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1933); engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1936-1954); chemist (Sans Souci, 1958-1963); retired (Noraville, 1968)

* [[/Leslie Kirkwood Archibald|Archibald, Leslie Kirkwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS53-BDL] - 1920(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2155, 1938, Vic; BOCP 230, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Footscray South, Vic, 1949); finisher (South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Moorabbin, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ARGAET''===

* [[/William Stanislaus Argaet|Argaet, William Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-8Z8] - 1894(NSW)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4KH Brisbane (Wynnum, 1931-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (Wynnum bus service) - Halcyon, p. 87, 127 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, 1925); bus proprietor (Wynnum, 1928-1949)

===''ARGOON''===

* [[/Archibald John Argoon|Argoon, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4V-JQG] - 1914(SA)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3IT Melbourne (Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1319, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burwood, Vic, 1936-1937); broadcast mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1968); audio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ARMATI''===

* [[/Rex Gordon Armati|Armati, Rex Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2S42-XKH] - 1899(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1921-1928); salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1936-1943); employment officer (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1954-1958; Kings Cross, 1963); shipping clerk (Surry Hills, 1968-1972)

===''ARMSTRONG''===

* [[/Edwin Howard Armstrong|Armstrong, Edwin Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5ZX-354] - 1890(USA)-1954(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - USA inventor of the superheterodyne receiver [https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Club-of-America/Legacies-of-Edwin-Howard-Armstong-1990-11-Radio-Club-of-America.pdf RCA 1990 Special Edition]

* [[/Stanley John Armstrong|Armstrong, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4V-K7Y] - 1910?(NSW)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4ZK Brisbane (Enoggera, 1932-1933); 4SA Brisbane (Enoggera, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1004, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Windsor, Qld, 1919); clerk (Enoggera, Qld, 1922-1968)

* [[/Thomas Armstrong|Armstrong, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Q-GGZ] - 1895(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 217, 1916; 1COCP 132, 1930 - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD) - senior federal public servant (Superintendent, Wireless Branch, NSW, PMGD), promoted to role upon retirement of William Tamillas Stephen Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;Thomas Armstrong&quot;

* [[/W. E. Armstrong|Armstrong, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WE Mt Sisa, Misima Island, Papua (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ARNOLD''===

* [[/Albert Sydney Arnold|Arnold, Albert Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M2W-ZG2] - 1882(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XAB Sydney (Ashfield, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1913-1954); company secretary (Hurlstone Park, 1958); retired (Hurlstone Park, 1963)

* [[/Clifton John Arnold|Arnold, Clifton John &quot;Clif&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8B-GTM] - 1915(Tas)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3AJA Stratford (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2550, 1945, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stratford, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Edwin Charles Arnold|Arnold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8QX-H7J] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Receive Tamworth (1922); 2BY Tamworth (1923-1925); 2BY Coolah (1925-1927); 2BY Sydney (Manly, 1928; Mona Vale, 1933-1936); 2AGW Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 226, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mona Vale, 1931-1934), clerk (Balgowlah Heights, 1943-1968)

* [[/Ernest Noel Arnold|Arnold, Ernest Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84H-8J6] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Albury (1923-1924); 2OJ Albury (1928-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 452, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albury, 1930-1937); fruit merchant (Albury, 1949-1977)

* [[/John Bowman Arnold|Arnold, John Bowman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN22-6GS] - 1899(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: XJCL Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 350, 1918 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924; Gardiner, Vic, 1926-1937; Vermont, Vic, 1942-1963; Kew, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Leslie Grahame Arnold|Arnold, Joseph Leslie Grahame &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L853-R3J] - 1912(Vic)-1991(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Launceston (City, 1934-1939; Invermay, 1946-1956; Mowbray, 1960-1969; City, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1263, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Launceston North, 1936-1954); mechanic (Mowbray, 1968)

* [[/William Henry Redvers Arnold|Arnold, William Henry Redvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J7-SZ1] - 1903(Eng)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Wembley, 1936-1937); 6BA Katanning (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1762, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1937); electrical fitter (Katanning, WA, 1943; Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); fitter (Scarborough, WA, 1954); electrician (Scarborough, WA, 1958); engineer (Floreat Park, WA, 1963); electrical contractor (West Perth, WA, 1968; South Perth, WA, 1972); electrician (Australind, WA, 1977)

===''ARTHUR''===

* [[/Charles James Glendon Arthur|Arthur, Charles James Glendon &quot;Glen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-T62] - 1915(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences 4GJ Dayboro (1935-1939); 4GJ Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1450, 1935, Qld; BOCP?; 2COCP 493, 1941; 1COCP 639, 1942 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 80 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, 1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, 1949-1980)

* [[/Roy William Arthur|Arthur, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-FBT] - 1906(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2ADO Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1743, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wollongong, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1958)

===''ASHBURY''===

* [[/A. W. C. Ashbury|Ashbury, A. W. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ASHBY''===

* [[/Maurice John Ashby|Ashby, Maurice John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-L1C] - 1901(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4DH Receive Dalby (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 899, 1925; 2COCP 94, 1930; 1COCP 281, 1932 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dalby, 1922); labourer (Greenslopes, 1925); salesman (Glebe, 1933; Northbridge, 1935-1936; Epping, 1937); radio telegraphist (New Farm, Qld, 1943); planning assistant (Haberfield, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949; Thornleigh, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''ASHE''===

* [[/Reginald Bartley Ashe|Ashe, Reginald Bartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4C2-8ZQ] - 1895(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: XLF Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 4th Australian Division Signals Company) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern East, Vic, 1922); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1925); insurance inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1926) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1587219 AWM - Military Cross]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10187003 AWM - Lieutenant]

===''ASHFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Henry Ashford|Ashford, Herbert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13X-1V4] - 1876(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 6CM Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: batteryman (Jolimont, WA, 1912-1913); civil servant (Bunbury, WA, 1916); mechanic (West Subiaco, WA, 1922-1931); telephone mechanic (Kenwick, WA, 1936); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1937; Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1937; Canley Vale, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''ASHLEY''===

* [[/George William Richard Ashley|Ashley, George William Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF96-CMZ] - 1919(Eng)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6GA Perth (Carlisle, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 6GA Kalgoorlie (1955-1956); 6GA Perth (Mt Yokine, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2094, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlisle, WA, 1943-1949); communications officer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

* [[/Percy Ashley|Ashley, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6JV-FSN] - 1888(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely Navy qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naval Depot, Williamstown, Vic, 1914-1917); telegraphist (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1922); RANR (Footscray, Vic, 1924); telegraphist (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1925); CPO instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1926-1927); instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1931; Prahran, Vic, 1935-1937); labourer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); nil (East Shelbourne, Vic, 1954; Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1963-1967)

===''ASHLIN''===

* [[/Eric Robert Ashlin|Ashlin, Eric Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSRF-44C] - 1910(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4EA Brisbane (Annerley, 1931-1933); 4EA Toowoomba (1937-1939); 4EA Coolangatta (1946-1947); 4EA Bilinga (1948-1975) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 873, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Rosentengels, radio service); military (WW2; signals officer) - Halcyon: p. 73, 127, 163 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1943; Bilinga, Qld, 1949-1963); TV technician (Bilinga, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ASMUS''===

* [[/Hermann Johann Christian Alexander Asmus|Asmus, Hermann Johann Christian Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3P-959] - 1889(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3ET Melbourne (Footscray, 1933-1939; Melbourne City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1084, 1933, Vic; 2COCP 254, 1939; 1COCP 281, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Tambo, Qld, 1913); not stated (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); nil (Footscray, Vic, 1928-1937)

===''ASMUSSEN''===

* [[/Donald Wills Asmussen|Asmussen, Donald Wills &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-65T] - 1932(Qld)-2023(Qld)90yo - Licences: 4ZJA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1965); 4FA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1507, 1963; AOCP 4367, 1965, Qld - amateur operator; JOTA participant 1960s - Comment: Mentor to SSD - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958-1972; Mt Gravatt East, Qld, 1977)

===''ASPLET''===

* [[/William Cecil Asplet|Asplet, William Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-RZP] - 1919(???)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ALT Sydney (Rockdale, 1939, 1946-1955; Bexley, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2258, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943-1954); telecommunications technician (Bexley, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ASTON''===

* [[/Ronald Horace Aston|Aston, Ronald Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCXN-B4V] - 1913(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2418, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Eastwood, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ATHELSTONE''===

* [[/G. N. Athelstone|Athelstone, G. N.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5NG Central Australia (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ATHERDEN''===

* [[/Francis Anthony Hugo Atherden|Atherden, Francis Anthony Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KQ-BGB] - 1913(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AEH Broken Hill (1936-1938); 2AEH Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Kyeemagh, 1948; Kogarah, 1950-1969); 2AEH Sussex Inlet (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1754, 1936, NSW; COCP3 N354, 1969 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Harcourt, NSW, 1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); radio technician (Kyeemagh, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Kogarah, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Sussex Inlet South, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ATKINS''===

* [[/Kenneth Joseph Atkins|Atkins, Kenneth Joseph &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXH-NW7] - 1912(Eng)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (Semaphore, 1932-1939; Woodville Park, 1946-1948; Eden Hills, 1954; Blackwood Park, 1955-1960; Campbelltown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 910, 1932, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 415, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Dept. Civil Aviation) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Semaphore, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Morton Atkins|Atkins, Leslie Morton &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCTV-T5T] - 1876(Vic)-1949(WA) - Licences: 4LA Townsville (1924-1926); 5LA Adelaide (Magill, 1926-1931; Tusmore, 1933; Erindale, 1937-1939); seems to have operated in Townsville as 4GD ca Nov 1924? - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (telegraphist, east-west overland telegraph, Eucla, 1910); engineer (PMGD, divisional engineer) - Halcyon: AOCP Townsville 1925, p. 88 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1903-1910; Victoria Park, 1912-1916); district engineer (Townsville, 1919-1925); engineer (Tusmore, 1939); retired (Lismore Base Hospital, NSW, 1943)

===''ATKINSON''===

* [[/John Marshall Atkinson|Atkinson, John Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89L-C6R] - 1906(Eng)-1999(ACT) - Licences: 2RZ Sydney (Mosman, 1927-1930; Carrs Park, 1931-1936; Glebe, 1937; Chippendale, 1938-1939); 4RZ Labrador (1955); 4RZ Gatton (1956-1960); 4RZ Southport (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 331, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); organiser (Darlinghurst, 1943); shopkeeper (Gatton, 1958-1963; Labrador, 1968); retired (Southport, 1972-1980)

* [[/Noel Whittaker Atkinson|Atkinson, Noel Whittaker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2XX-V88] - 1908(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4WK Brisbane (1929); 4NA Brisbane (1930-1935, Check); 4BT Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1946-1965+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 530, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio sales &amp; service); federal public servant (DCA) - Withdrawal: - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camp Hill, 1937-1977) - (Halcyon, p. 102)

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Atkinson|Atkinson, Reginald Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V5M-WJC] - 1895(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1928-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 412, 1928, No. 46 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1919); accountant (Rosewood, 1925); timber merchant (Yeronga, 1925; Thompson Estate, 1937-1949; Southport, 1958-1963)

* [[/Robert Henry Atkinson|Atkinson, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-2P3] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6WZ Perth (Victoria Park, 1936-1939); 6WZ Geraldton (1947-1955); 6WZ Albany (1956-1965); 6WZ Katanning (1969); 6WZ Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1804, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1937); radio announcer (Geraldton, WA, 1943); broadcast station manager (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Albany, WA, 1958-1968); radio announcer (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AUGUSTESEN''===

* [[/Gordon Gerald Augustesen|Augustesen, Gordon Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-LF9] - 1915(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4JN Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1932-1939); 4XQ Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1960; Kenmore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1046, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, radar technician); business proprietor (Telair) - Halcyon: p. 85, 127 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mitchelton, Qld, 1943); manager (Auchenflower, Qld, 1949; Dorrington, Qld, 1954-1963; Kenmore, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''AULD''===

* [[/John Redmond Auld|Auld, John Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYN4-8D8] - 1914(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1708, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1943)

===''AUSTIN''===

* [[/Emanuel Maxwell Austin|Austin, Emanuel Maxwell &quot;Mannie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-98K] - 1909(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2KZ Kurri Kurri (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 477, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clipper (Kurri Kurri, 1930-1980)

* [[/Henry Lashbrooke Austin|Austin, Henry Lashbrooke &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4V2-LDC] - 1902(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BN Adelaide (Norwood, 1923-1928); 5AW Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 101, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Victoria Park, SA, 1939; Rose Park, 1941-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;5BN-5AW - Henry Lashbrooke Austin&quot;

* [[/Selwood Charles Austin|Austin, Selwood Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TVV] - 1902(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6SA Perth (Victoria Park, 1927; South Perth, 1930-1956; Maida Vale, 1960-1969; Morley, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 625, 1921; 1COCP 134, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother-in-law of Stanley Hogg - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Perth, WA, 1931-1958); police officer (Maida Vale, WA, 1963-1968; Kalamunda, WA, 1972); retired (Morley, WA, 1977-1980)

===''AUSTWICK''===

* [[/Ernest Dalton Austwick|Austwick, Ernest Dalton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHG-8V7] - 1913(Eng)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NW Sydney (Kirribilli, 1934-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Rose Bay, 1939; Dover Heights, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 437, 1933; COCP1 342, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kirribilli, NSW, 1937); engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); tv mechanic (Earlwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''AVARD''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Avard|Avard, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-RRL] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 620, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 88, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Northcote, 1925-1937); public servant (Kew, 1943-1977)

===''AVERY''===

* [[/Keith George Avery|Avery, Keith George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT31-7VC] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AMS Sydney (Harbord, 1939); 4KG Brisbane (Hamilton, 1947-1948); 2KJ Uranquinty (1955); 3AJV Melbourne (City, 1956); 4KN Ipswich (Amberley, 1965); 4KG Townsville (1969); 4KG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1975); 4KG Townsville (Yacht Panku, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2333, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1096, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toombul, Qld, 1949); broadcasting technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954); RAAF (Dickson, ACT, 1963); RAAF (RAAF Base, Garbutt, Qld, 1968; RAAF Base, Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''AYLING''===

* [[/Russell Newberry Ayling|Ayling, Russell Newberry or Newbury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G96N-91L] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1616, 1936, NSW; BOCP 37, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Dubbo, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); broadcasting (Ermington, NSW, 1958-1963); advertising executive (Beecroft, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''AYRE''===

* [[/Denys Randall Ayre|Ayre, Denys Randall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6H5-H32] - 1920(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3KP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; Box Hill, 1948-1954; Malvern, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1786, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1949-1954); architect (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''AYRES''===

* [[/John Alfred Ayres|Ayres, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55X-F9K] - 1913(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2IN Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1937; Hurstville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1502, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1937; Waverley South, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949)

=='''B'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''BACKHOUSE''===

* [[/Samuel Burder Stewart Backhouse|Backhouse, Samuel Burder Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB6Z-H55] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1969-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2070, 1938, Vic; BOCP 149, 1938; TVOCP 168, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963-1967; Caulfield South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BACKLER''===

* [[/Eric Lincoln Backler|Backler, Eric Lincoln]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV8Q-6SK] - 1911(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5HK Kingston SE (1933-1939, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1093, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Kingston, SA, 1939)

===''BADENOCH''===

* [[/James Herbert Lionel Badenoch|Badenoch, James Herbert Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-3XK] - 1913(NSW)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5LB Adelaide (Trinity Gardens, 1932-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1012, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BADER''===

* [[/Henry Adolphus Frederick Bader|Bader, Henry Adolphus Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97M3-V5X] - 1866(Ger)-1928(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman, Trading Committee, Wireless Development Assoc (Perth); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WDA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (North Perth, 1913-1926)

===''BADGER''===

* [[/Albert Victor Badger|Badger, Albert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9RY-9X6] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2YT Receive Sydney (Rozelle, 1923-1924); 2AB Sydney (Rozelle, 1925-1926; North Sydney, 1927-1929; Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1931-1934; Leichhardt, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 202, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Hobart East, 1919); picture operator (Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1934; Lilyfield, 1937-1972; Leichhardt, 1977-1980)

===''BAGST''===

* [[/E. D. A. Bagst|Bagst, E. D. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5EB Adelaide (Woodville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: individual not yet identified, possibly Elizabeth D. Bagst nee Boyle who married Leslie Bagst at Newtown, NSW 1925, possible YL operator

===''BAIL''===

* [[/Frederick George Bail|Bail, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-328] - 1917(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3YS Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1844, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3ABA James Oliver Bail - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Box Hill, Vic, 1943-1968; Box Hill North, 1972-1977)

* [[/James Oliver Bail|Bail, James Oliver &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-V6V] - 1914(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3ABA Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 1, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3YS Frederick George Bail - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-54); builder (Box Hill, Vic, 1963; Canterbury, Vic, 1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BAILEY''===

* [[/George Bailey|Bailey, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKW-8PX] - 1882(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5GB Mt Gambier (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 79, 1915 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retired (Mt Gambier, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Edward Bailey| Bailey, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-XSN] - 1916(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AGI Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939); 2AEI Sydney (Bondi, 1950; Kogarah, 1954); 2AEI Narrandera (1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1896, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) – Comment: Another contemporaneous GEB - Electoral Rolls: apprenticed fitter (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943); aircraft surveyor (Narrandera, NSW, 1954);  director (Narrandera, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Jack Harry Bailey|Bailey, Jack Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KG85-LZ4] - 1912(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4JC Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1299, 1934, Qld; BOCP 1902, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical mechanic (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1954); teacher (Tarragindi, Qld, 1958-1963); college principal (Mackay, Qld, 1968); principal (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972; Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Howard Bailey|Bailey, Robert Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLM-1X6] - 1917(SA)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5NW Crystal Brook (1936-1939); 5NW Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1947-1948; Huddleston, 1954-1960); 5NW Crystal Brook (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1764, 1936, SA; BOCP 673, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BAILUE''===

* [[/Ivan Bailue|Bailue, Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-ZTW] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TN Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1937); 2AEL Sydney (Randwick, 1937); 2TN Sydney (Waverley, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Randwick, 1955-1961; Engadine, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1395, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Randwick, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949-1954; Randwick, NSW, 1958); mechanic (Engadine, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''BAIN''===

* [[/Henry Murdoch Bain|Bain, Henry Murdoch or Murdock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY9L-721] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Werribee, 1937-1939); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1947-1948); 3CC Ballarat (1954-1956); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 123, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1931); wireless operator (Werribee, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Essendon North, Vic, 1949); RAAF officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954); RAAF (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/John Leonard Bain|Bain, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4V-6SV] - 1891(Eng)-19??(NSW?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 109, 1915 - ship wireless officer (pre WW1, WW1); journalist (technical editor, Listener-In, -1934+); clubs (IRE USA); WW1 (1916-1919); Associate Editor, Popular Radio Weekly (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Popular Radio Weekly, Victoria) - Education: B.Sc.(London) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1925-1936); journalist (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10688424 AWM]

===''BAIRD''===

* [[/Thomas William Allan Baird|Baird, Thomas William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKG-JVD] - 1886(Qld)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Receive Brisbane (Bayswater, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (AIF, 11 Field Company Engineers, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (North Pine, Qld, 1908); labourer (Bayswater, Qld, 1912-1913); storeman (Torwood, Qld, 1916-1943)

* [[/W. Baird|Baird, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIG Sydney (Hurstville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''BAKER''===

* [[/Alfred William Baker|Baker, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HT-9KZ] - 1917(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5BQ Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2373, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Claude Baker|Baker, Andrew Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-RZ9] - 1897(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 144, 1915; 2COCP 193, 1930; 1COCP 303, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917; Rockhampton, 1919-1934)

* [[/Charles Whiteway Baker|Baker, Charles Whiteway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL93-HYP] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3VP Receive Bendigo (1923-1924); 3VP Bendigo (1925-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 156, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 451, 1942 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a &quot;listener&quot;); merchant - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bendigo, 1927-1931); merchant (Bendigo, 1934-1968; Kennington, 1972-1977)

* [[/Edwin Weldon Baker|Baker, Edwin Weldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWP-F1D] - 1895(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4CI Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 733, 1922 - amateur receiver - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Northgate, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ernest James Baker|Baker, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-K5B] - 1904(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2FP Receive Newcastle (Maryville, 1922-1923); 2FP Newcastle (Maryville, 1924-1928; Wickham, 1929; Hamilton, 1930-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 69, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, 1930-1972)

* [[/Herbert Edward Baker|Baker, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-245] - 1875(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Charleville (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; grazier - Halcyon: p. 81, 111 - Electoral Rolls: station manager (Charleville, 1903); grazier (Charleville, 1908-1943)

* [[/Harold Graham Baker|Baker, Harold Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZV-F8J] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3GB Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1436, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, Lieutenant Commander, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943); student (Auburn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Frederick Thomas Baker|Baker, John Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY6-8XY] - 1908(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (Northcote, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 325, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1936; Preston, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Sidney Charles Baker|Baker, Sydney or Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZSZ-J4H] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1922-1924), 3BK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1925-1933; Albert Park, 1937; South Melbourne, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Bonbeach, 1955-1969; Seaford, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 177, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (South Melbourne, 1937); optical mechanic (Carrum, 1963-1972); retired (Carrum, 1977)

* [[/Thomas Despard Baker|Baker, Thomas Despard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSD-1Z3] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3DK Boonoonar (1935-1939); 3DK Melbourne (Sunshine, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1570, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Boonoonar, Vic, 1937; Koo-wee-rup, Vic, 1942); process worker (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1963; Albion, Vic, 1967-1972; Sunshine, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Walter Ross Baker|Baker, Walter Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CY-D78] - 1905(SA)-1978(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''BALDERSON''===

* [[/Loris John Balderson|Balderson, Loris John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-1RW] - 1895(Vic)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; RAAF (Flying Officer, Technical Branch, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: officer, RAAF (Footscray, 1924); flying officer (Werribee, 1925); flight-lieutenant (Werribee, 1931) - Links: [https://www.crossandcockade.com/uploads/Balderson.pdf Bio]

===''BALDEY''===

* [[/Kelvin Coxall Baldey|Baldey, Kelvin Coxall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LG-KYB] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 811, 1931, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1943; Mackay, Qld, 1949; Maryborough, Qld, 1954); bank manager (Boonah, Qld, 1958; Bardon, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BALDOCK''===

* [[/Alexander Baldock|Baldock, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BF-KQ3] - 1915(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3XQ Melbourne (Preston, 1933-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1196, 1933, Vic; COCP2 517, 1941; COCP1 559, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1937-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

===''BALL''===

* [[/Cyril William Ball|Ball, Cyril William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q6-7YH] - 1910(Eng)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1938; Brighton-le-Sands, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 747, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1936); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1972; Monterrey, NSW, 1980)

===''BALLINGER''===

* [[/James William Ballinger|Ballinger, James William &quot;Jerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKS-Z98] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NK Camperdown (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 953, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Camperdown, Vic, 1931-1980)

===''BALSILLIE''===

* [[/John Graeme Balsillie|Balsillie, John Graeme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7MR-7MN] - 1885(Qld)-1924(USA) - radio business proprietor, senior federal public servant (PMGS, Commonwealth Wireless Expert), inventor, (Halcyon, not mentioned) - [https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/balsillie-john-graeme-5117 ADB]

===''BAMFIELD''===

* [[/Alfred George Bamfield|Bamfield, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM19-HNG] - 1892(NSW)-1918(NZL) - Licences: XQJ Corfield (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Halcyon: p. 3 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Muttaburra, Qld, 1913)

===''BANCROFT''===

* [[/Dawn Bancroft|Coleman nee Bancroft, Dawn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5NB-S5X] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author (&quot;Adventures of a Radio Technician: My 50 Years with Telecom and the ABC&quot; &quot;This book is dedicated first of all to my father, Stanley John Bancroft, whose story this is, and all those other unknown and unseen radio technicians working behind the scenes without whom Radio would not exist&quot; - Relationships: Daughter of Stanley John Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

* [[/Stanley John Bancroft|Ryan (biological) or Bancroft (fostered), Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3X-W6M] - 1909(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Broadcast technician (2CY); federal public servant (PMGD, ABC) - Relationships: Father of Dawn Coleman nee Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (St Peters, NSW, 1931; Tempe, NSW, 1933-1937); broadcast mechanic (Reid, ACT, 1943); broadcast technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954; Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1968; Lugarno, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

===''BANKS''===

* [[/Harold Edward William Banks|Banks, Harold Edward William &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S7-3BT] - 1911(NZL)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7HB Hobart (North Hobart, 1938-1939; Richmond, 1946-1956; Penna, 1960-1965; New Town, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (New Zealand?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hobart North, 1936-1937); council clerk (Richmond, 1943-1954)

* [[/Stanley William Banks|Banks, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX94-6DH] - 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2SB Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939); 2ASS Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1122, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937); builder (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BANNISTER''===

* [[/Claude Bannister|Bannister, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8V6-GPZ] - 1892(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCX Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914; Balaclava, Vic, 1914; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1915-1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1919); farmer (Lake Boga, Vic, 1919-1934); sales (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); postal employee (Mansfield, Vic, 1943; Benalla, Vic, 1949-1954); nil (Benalla, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Keith Bannister|Bannister, Henry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCV-X6D] - 1898(Fiji)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XACU - Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Hambledon, Qld, 1921); sugar chemist (Racecourse Mill, Mackay, Qld, 1925); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1963); nil (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XACU - Henry Keith Bannister&quot; - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2152700 WW1 Nominal Roll]

===''BANYER''===

* [[/Ingram Banyer|Banyer, Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9F95-CYX] - 1893(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: XVQ Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Blackwood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BARBER''===

* [[/Samuel George Barber|Barber, Samuel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-66B] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1933-1937; Woodville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1232, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Woodville, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM, Berri, SA, 1941; Glenelg, SA, 1943)

* [[/William Henry Barber|Barber, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY4N-QRD] - 1897(SA)-1965(WA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cumberland, 1923-1925); 5WH Adelaide (Cumberland, 1926-1931); 5WH Port Pirie (1933-1937); 6DX Kalgoorlie (1938-1939; 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 266, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1937-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;5WH - William Henry Barber&quot;

===''BARBIER''===

* [[/Edward Alphonse Barbier|Barbier, Edward Alphonse or Alphonse Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-5TW] - 1904(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: 5MD Adelaide (Stockdale Reserve, 1932-1939; City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 958, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARBOUR''===

* [[/Kenneth Heyward Barbour|Barbour, Kenneth Heyward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-1VZ] - 1905(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZI Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: AOCP 105, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARDIN''===

* [[/William Frederic Bardin|Bardin, William Frederic or Frederick &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;Old Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSS9-TG4] - 1899(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (North Carlton, 1923-1925); 4AB Townsville (1925-1927); 4AB Brisbane (Fairfield &amp; Yeronga, 1931-1933); 2ABZ Sydney (Ermington &amp; Dundas  1937-1939, 1946-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 615, 1921; 1COCP 58, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); coastal radio operator (AWA); state public servant (4QG); federal public servant (Halcyon, p. 63) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1922); radio engineer (Townsville, 1925; Buranda, 1926; Fairfield, 1928); engineer (Dundas, 1936-1943; Eastwood, 1949-1968)

===''BARKER''===

* [[/Rupert Morphew Barker|Barker, Rupert Morphew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGH-7LM] - 1890(Eng)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 5RM Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1933); 7RM Hobart (City, 1947-1948; Lenah Valley, 1949-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in England) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; broadcast engineer (sound) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1936; Hobart North, Tas, 1937; Hobart South, Tas, 1943); sound engineer (Hobart West, Tas, 1949); engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954; New Town, Tas, 1963)

* [[/William Henry Barker|Barker, William Henry (R.?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHGY-243] - 1905(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Concord, 1923-1924); 2BW Sydney (Concord, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 217, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Concord, 1930-1943) - Comment: beware several contemporaneous William Henry Barker's

===''BARLIN''===

* [[/George Kenneth Barlin|Barlin, George Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2VX-DP3] - 1916(NSW)-2016(ACT) - qualifications (BOCP 67, 1937), long term employee 2CA Canberra, manager TV network

===''BARLOW''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Barlow|Barlow, Albert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-6YM] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2IO Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Miranda, 1946-1948; Sutherland, 1950-1969); 2BLX Sydney (Sutherland, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1336, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937); tester (Miranda, NSW, 1943-1949); storekeeper (Sutherland, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Edward Barlow|Barlow, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-2FL] - 1895(NSW)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 2GQ Receive Armidale (1922); 2GQ Armidale (1922-1926); 2GQ Glen Innes (1927); 2GQ Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1928); 2GQ Canberra (1929); 2GQ Mudgee (1930-1931); 2GQ Sydney (Cammeray, 1933-1934; North Sydney, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4, 1924, No. 3 in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mudgee, 1930-1932; Cammeray, 1933-1935; Milsons Point, 1936; Mosman, 1937); divisional returning officer (Bathurst, 1943; Mosman, 1949-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2GQ - Edward Barlow&quot;

===''BARNES''===

* [[/Alfred Joseph Barnes|Barnes, Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-P6M] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Bondi North, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1975; Telopea, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1562, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1934-1954); engineer (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Telopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric Harold Barnes|Barnes, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXH-29C] - 1914(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3DQ Melbourne (Moreland, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 739, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Edward Barnes|Barnes, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-856] - 1912(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2OX Lismore (1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1343, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937); telegraphist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); audit inspector (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Thomas Walter Barnes|Barnes, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z6-PZ2] - 1910(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3TB Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1929-1933; Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; West Brunswick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 537, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 243,1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ascot Vale, 1931-1936); mechanic (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1942); electrical maintenance (West Brunswick, 1949-1980) - Comment: another contemporaneous Thomas Walter Barnes (1893-1925)

* [[/Thomas William Barnes|Barnes, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CH-CY5] - 1913(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ABI Sydney (Undercliffe, 1936-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1950); 2ABI Wollongong (Fairy Meadow, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1608, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1943); lecturer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949; Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Valentine Leo Barnes|Barnes, Valentine or Valentine Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBCN-85J] - 1893(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1913); Receive (Valve Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3QE Melbourne (Brighton East, 1960); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified ca 1912) - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1925; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1967; Brighton East, Vic, 1972)

===''BARNETT''===

* [[/Cobrey Morton Barnett|Barnett, Cobrey Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN77-CTM] - 1907(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3VD Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1956; West Melbourne, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2204, 1938, Vic; COCP3 1595, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Parkdale, Vic, 1937-1954)

* [[/Frederick Stanley Barnett|Barnett, Frederick Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN23-CSB] - 1890(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XJDN Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: sailmaker (Williamstown, Vic, 1912-1919); postal mechanic (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1963)

===''BARRACLOUGH''===

* [[/Francis Barraclough|Barraclough, Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KL-MNY] - 1903(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4GY Brisbane (Kedron, 1933-1935); 4GX Brisbane (Kedron, 1935-1939; 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1075, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2); radio service (Palings) - Halcyon: p. 81 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Kedron, 1937-1972)

===''BARRATT''===

* [[/William Gordon Barratt|Barratt, William Gordon &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2N7-Y2D] - 1912(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Geelong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2126, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Geelong, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BARRY''===

* [[/John Milton Waugh Barry|Barry, John Milton Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS8-KQL] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 745, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1942); architect (Essendon, Vic, 1949); farmer (Casterton, Vic, 1954); grazier (Casterton, Vic, 1963); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1967; Learmonth, Vic, 1967)

* [[/William Lawrence Barry|Barry, William Lawrence (BMD) or Lawrence William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MK6C-NBK] - 1905(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: storeman (South Brisbane, Qld, 1929); taxi driver (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''BARTHOLD''===

* [[/Godfrey Lewis Barthold|Barthold, Godfrey Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKR-JWZ] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GL Melbourne (Malvern, 1925-1927); 3BT Melbourne (Malvern, 1931-1939; Glen Iris, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 210, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3GL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3GL Geelong commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1931); radio manufacturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BARTHOLOMEW''===

* [[/Charles Percy Bartholomew|Bartholomew, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CZ-8YR] - 1861(Eng)-1942(NSW) - Licences: XBM Sydney (Mosman, 1911-1914); 2FO Receive Sydney (Kirribilli, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; company director (AWA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Milsons Point, 1930-1937) - Comment: famously charged and convicted of trading with the enemy during WW1 but only slapped on wrist (together with Ernest Thomas Fisk and Hugh Robert Denison) - TroveTag: &quot;XBM-2FO - Charles Percy Bartholomew&quot;

===''BARTON''===

* [[/Edward Gustavus Campbell Barton|Barton, Edward Gustavus Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ57-87Y] - 1857(Vic)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; scientist; business proprietor (Barton &amp; White) - Halcyon: not mentioned) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/barton-edward-gustavus-campbell-9445 ADB]

* [[/Graham Francis Barton|Barton, Graham Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5P-KYT] - 1918(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5BN Mt Gambier (1937-1939); 5BN Adelaide (Unley, 1947-1956; Malvern, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1993, 1937, SA; 1COCP 1709, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hyde Park, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Richard McRae Barton|Barton, Richard McRae &quot;Dick&quot;]] - 1940(???)-2021(Qld) - broadcast engineer, director engineering FACTS (1981-2001), ABU Engineering Award 2004, Fellow SMPTE, contributed to development DTV standards, chaired preparatory meeting to WRC 2000,  [https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/oth/0a/07/R0A070000420001PDFE.pdf ITU Tribute]

===''BARTRAM''===

* [[/Graeme Bartram|Bartram, Graeme]] - historian (early Aus wireless: 2011 &quot;John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer&quot;[https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf])

===''BASEBY''===

* [[/Cecil Herbert Baseby|Baseby, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CP-K8C] - 1898(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Kingswood, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2311, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kingswood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BASHAR''===

* [[/Ahmet Tahsin Bashar|Bashar, Ahmet Tahsin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-TGF] - 1922(Cyprus)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (North Sydney, 1937; Cammeray, 1955; Crows Nest, 1960; Crows Nest, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (West Sydney, NSW, 1949); textile worker (Surry Hills, NSW, 1954; Glenmore, NSW, 1958); clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1963-1972); assistant clerk (Paddington, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BASIL-COOKE''===

* Frank Basil-Cooke see Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;

===''BASSETT''===

* [[/Francis Rankin Bassett|Bassett, Francis Rankin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQZJ-28Y] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2FR Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1928; Arncliffe, 1929); 2FR Singleton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 194, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother John Bassett - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Singleton, New South Wales, 1943-1980)

* [[/John Bassett|Bassett, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8M2-8XN] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2VO Receive Stroud (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 914, 1926; AOCP 232, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 78, 1930; COCP1 346, 1933 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother Francis Rankin Bassett - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Bexley, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1977; Nashua, NSW, 1977)

===''BASTOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Campbell Bastow|Bastow, Geoffrey Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-L6B] - 1916(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2UB Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936; Paddington, 1937-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1327, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: production engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Wahroonga, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BATCHLER''===

* [[/Charles Victor Batchler|Batchler, Charles Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4NN-FXJ] - 1897(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: XZJ Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Uncle of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: shift engineer (Waddamana, 1922)

* [[/Jack Copeland Batchler|Batchler, Jack Copeland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCSK-D8F] - 1910(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1932-1939); 3AJB Melbourne (1947); 7JB Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1948-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 957, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: nephew of XZJ Charles Victor Batchler; husband of 7YL Joyce Isabel Batchler nee Crowder - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Nelson, 1943-1949); no occupation (Nelson, 1972)

* [[/Joyce Isabel Crowder|Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-PKG] - 1915(Tas)-2015(Tas) - Licences: 7YL Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 1627, 1936, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL - Relationships: Wife of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Nelson, 1943-1972) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''BATE''===

* [[/Arthur John Bate|Bate, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKQ-PYC] - 1917(WA)-2010(SA) - Licences: 5ZA Adelaide (Adelaide City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1891, 1937, SA; BOCP 1481, 1956; 1COCP 2049, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BATES''===

* [[/Jack Lister Bates|Bates, Jack Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGK-238] - 1912(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4UR Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1947; Lutwyche, 1948-1969; Toombul, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1430, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, QSL Manager); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; WW2 - Halcyon: p. 12, 99, 137, 141, 145 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1943); labourer (Lutwyche, Qld, 1949-1958; Wooloowin, Qld, 1968); cashier (Toombul, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''BATH''===

* [[/William Alonzo Bath|Bath, William Alonzo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4X-T2J] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4YK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Geebung, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2150, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1937-1954; Geebung, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BATT''===

* [[/Cecil Henry Batt|Batt, Cecil Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLJ-5SB] - 1904(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bothwell (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 434, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bothwell, 1928); labourer (Melton Mowbray, 1936-1937)

===''BATTLE''===

* [[/Edmund Thomas Battle|Battle, Edmund Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6C8-G32] - 1890(UK)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener) - Electoral Rolls: teamster (Dorrigo, 1913); dairy farmer (Malanda, 1919); sawmill manager (Tumoulin, 1931); sawmiller (Ravenshoe, 1936-1937); timber merchant (Paddington, 1943); sawmiller (Albion, 1949)

===''BATTYE''===

* [[/James Sykes Battye|Battye, James Sykes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V7W-HL5] - 1871(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - librarian; historian; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, special committee, Western Australian Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: librarian (Perth, 1910-1937); principal librarian (Perth, 1943-1949) - Links: [[w:James Battye|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/battye-james-sykes-5156 ADB]

===''BATY''===

* [[/Richard Baty|Baty, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-BZX] - 1913(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MH Adelaide (Brompton, 1931; Pennington, 1937; Challa Gardens, 1938-1939; Lockleys, 1954-1969; Henley Beach South, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 757, 1931, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 160, 1934; BOCP 242, 1939; 1COCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Franklin, SA, 1941-1943)

===''BAUER''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Bauer|Bauer, Alfred Thomas &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MSCM-QB1] - 1908(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4AT Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1933) &amp; Cairns? - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 333, 1927, No. 36 in Qld; CPRTelephony 1119, 1928; 1COCP 92, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); state public servant (4QG); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 67, 86, 111, 127, 130 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cairns, 1936; Camp Hill, 1937); radio tech (Camp Hill, 1943-1980)

===''BAXTER''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Baxter|Baxter, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62R-CKR] - 1900(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BX Geraldton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1989, 1937, WA; BOCP 381, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: station employee (Lyons River Station, Carnarvon, WA, 1925-1926); wood merchant (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast station operator (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Laurence Baxter|Baxter, Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9698-Y9J] - 1919(NSW)-2001(???) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Cremorne, 1946-1947); 2AMB Sydney (Cremorne, 1948-1961; Mosman, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2410, 1939, NSW; BOCP 437, 1942; COCP2 902, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Withdrawal: 2NB amateur callsign possibly withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2NB Broken Hill national service - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1958); radio technician (Mosman West, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Roy Baxter|Baxter, Sidney or Sydney Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWX9-XWV] - 1915(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FJ Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1935-1939; Coorparoo Heights, 1946-1947; Cribb Island, 1948-1950; Camp Hill, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1569, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); employment (Trittons, radio service); business proprietor (radio service) - Halcyon: p. 76, 137 - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Camp Hill, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cribb Island, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BEAMES''===

* [[/Kenneth Beames|Beames, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQJ-L17] - 1899(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: N754 Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IB Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; wireless operator (at WW1 enlistment 1917) - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 1st/4th Signals Troop, 1st Anzac Mounted Division, 1917-1919) - Awards: 1914/1915 Star Medal; British War Medal; Victory Medal - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (at WW1 enlistment); manufacturer (Five Dock, 1930-1958; Linden, 1963-1980)

===''BEAN''===

* [[/Leslie Percival Reed Bean|Bean, Leslie Percival Reed]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHWZ-6ZZ] - 1884(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925); 2LP Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1928; Artarmon, 1929-1936; Pymble, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD (Elec. Engineer, 1904-1919); L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co (founder 1920-1926); Stromberg-Carlson (founder, 1927-1933+); Council IREAust - Electoral Rolls: electrical instrument fitter (Ascot Vale, 1909); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912-1915; Artarmon, NSW, 1930); company director (Pymble, 1933-1943; Roseville, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Lindfield, 1958-1968)

===''BEANEY''===

* [[/William Spencer Beaney|Beaney, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-263] - 1916(SA)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 4BV Rockhampton (1954); 5WB Adelaide (Plympton, 1955-1956); 4BN Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1960; Hawthorne, 1965; Holland Park, 1969); 4BN Warana Beach (1980) - Qualifications: BOCP 32, 1936; COCP3 1637, 1953; AOCP 3398, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice radio engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1941-1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1963); manager (Holland Park, Qld, 1968-1972); clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1977); retired (Kawana Waters, Qld, 1980)

===''BEARD''===

* [[/Ernest Gordon Beard|Beard, Ernest Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2G-25R] - 1897(Eng)-1968(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 304, 1939 - broadcast engineer (United Distributors; 2KY; 2GB); inventor; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as consulting engineer, 2GB) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northbridge, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Northbridge, 1936-1937); wireless engineer (Willoughby, 1943-1949); engineer (Forestville, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_hersteller_detail.cfm?company_id=12500 radiomuseum.org]

* [[/Norman George Beard|Beard, Norman George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9G-GSZ] - 1902(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 3DR Receive Balnarring (1922-1923); 2PK Wentworthville (1930); 2ALJ Sydney (Prospect, 1939; Toongabbie, 1946-1954; Brookvale, 1955; Dee Why, 1956-1961); 2ALJ Terrigal (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 583, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; TVOCP 25, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1930; Balnarring, Vic, 1931; Prospect, NSW, 1933-1937); RAAF instructor (Ballarat, 1942); teacher (Toongabbie, 1949-1954; Brookvale, 1958); retired (Terrigal, 1963-1972; Wendouree, Vic, 1977; Caves Beach, 1980)

===''BEARUP''===

* [[/Herbert Andrew Bearup|Bearup, Herbert Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLJ-B1C] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: V740 Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922); 3GT Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern East, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, 1925-1928); farmer (Bentleigh, 1934-1949); engineer (Highett, 1963-1967; Moorabbin, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas William Bearup|Bearup, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J7R-T9D] - 1897(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 224, 1916 - studio manager 3LO (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as studio manager, 3LO, Victoria); WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield, 1924); radio engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''BEATSON''===

* [[/Robert John Beatson|Beatson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSJV-2D2] - 1909(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4BB Brisbane (Wilston, 1928); 4BB Maryborough (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 394, 1928, No. 44 in Qld; AOLCP 173, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator (WIAQ); broadcast engineer (4MB); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 68, 139, 141, 163, 164 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maryborough, 1931); radiotrician (Maryborough, 1937-1949); radio engineer (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''BEATTIE''===

* [[/Herbert Spencer Meurant Beattie|Beattie, Herbert Spencer Meurant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ65-KTL] - 1888(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3DV Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1914-1927); salesman (Thornleigh, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1934-1936); agent (Cabramatta, 1943); auctioneer (Ettalong, 1943); no occupation (Fairfield, NSW, 1954-1958; Flagstaff, NSW, 1963)

===''BECHERVAISE''===

* [[/William Philip Bechervaise|Bechervaise, William Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVNP-4HQ] - 1831(Eng)-1907(Vic) - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), employment (Victoria Posts and Telegraphs Department)

===''BECK''===

* [[/Alan Beavis Beck|Beck, Alan Beavis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR7-N8Q] - 1911(Vic)-1982(WA) - Licences: 5XW Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 370, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Shenton Park, WA, 1937; Myrtle Bank, SA, 1941-1943); research chemist (Subiaco, 1949-1980)

===''BECKETT''===

* [[/Oliver Charles Beckett|Beckett, Oliver Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDM6-PC6] - 1907(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2184, 1938, WA; COCP1 371, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bencubbin, WA, 1931; Beverley, WA, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Carnarvon, WA, 1943); senior communications officer (Redcliffe, WA, 1954-1958); communications instructor (Carlisle, WA, 1963; Rivervale, WA, 1968)

===''BEDFORD''===

* [[/Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, Robert Arthur Buddicom]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC5Q-1KX] - 1874(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: 5RB Kyancutta (1924-1939; 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kyancutta, 1939-1941); retired (Kyancutta, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/buddicom-robert-arthur-5417 ADB]

* [[/William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, William Rudolf Buddicom &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Y3-X4Z] - 1909(Eng)-1972(SA) - Licences: likely operator of 5RB Kyancutta - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 1893, 1954 - WW2 - Relationships: son of 5RB Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kyancutta, 1939-1943)

===''BEECH''===

* [[/Frederick Sidney Beech|Beech, Frederick Sidney or Sydney &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-6BC] - 1895(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4FB Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1930-1939; Norman Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 629, 1930, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; jeweller - Halcyon: p. 75, 76, 90 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Bulimba, 1917-1919; Coorparoo, 1919-1972; Norman Park, 1977)

===''BEER''===

* [[/James Albert Beer|Beer, James Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTF-7PP] - 1890(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923); 2CW Sydney (Ashfield, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 191916-17; Signals Training Unit, Egypt, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''BEGBIE''===

* [[/Richard Begbie|Begbie, Richard]] - historian (broadcasting), journalist, radio clubs (HRSA)

===''BEHRMANN''===

* [[/Anton Ewald Behrmann|Behrmann, Anton Ewald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGM-BBC] - 1907(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2BD Sydney (Kensington, 1932-1933; Pyrmont, 1934-1936; Cremorne, 1937-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1955; Petersham, 1956-1957; Waverley, 1958-1961; Ryde, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 954, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Chippendale, NSW, 1933); butcher (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936; Marrickville, NSW, 1943); aero engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949); motor mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1954; Petersham, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1968); mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BELJON''===

* [[/Robin Ernest Beljon|Beljon, Robin Ernest &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-VR3] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2RB Lithgow (1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 259, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lithgow, 1930-1934); turner (Lithgow, 1937-1943); foreman (Lithgow, 1949-1968); retired (Lithgow, 1972)

===''BELL''===

* [[/Allan Charles Bell|Bell, Allan Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14G-3LN] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Bexley North, 1946; Lewisham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2414, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1936); radio engineer (Canterbury, NSW, 1943; Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1954); hotel proprietor (Paddington, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell|Bell, Francis Wirgman Dillon &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7QW-CM4] - 1896(NZ)-1987(NZ) - ZL4AA Waihemo, amateur operator, first to 2 way QSO New Zealand to Australia (Apr 1923), South America, USA (Sep 1924), England (Oct 1924, G2SZ); WW1 (gunner, France &amp; Belgium till invalided 1917) - Relationships: Brother of Margaret Brenda Bell, first licensed female NZ amateur - TroveTag: &quot;ZL4AA - Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell&quot; - Links: [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://www.soundarchives.co.nz/collections/catalogue/catalogue-item?record_id=222015 Sound Archives]; [https://www.zl4aa.org.nz/frank-bell-trans-world-radio-contact/ NZART Otago]

* [[/H. G. Bell|Bell, H. G.]] - 19??-19?? - 4HG Brisbane (South Toowong = Taringa, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 321, 1927, No. 33 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 111 - Callsign: later to Harry Brown - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Dudley Jack Benham Bell|Bell, Dudley Jack Benham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSZ-BFN] - 1908(Vic)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 3SN Shepparton (1934-1939, 1947-1948); 9SN Port Moresby (1948, 1969); P29JB Boroko (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1362, 1934, Vic; COCP1 359, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Shepparton, Vic, 1931-1937)

* [[/James Bell|Bell, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRD1-SY2] - 1918(NSW)-1991(USA) - Licences: 2ABO Sydney (Dundas,1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1615, 1936, NSW; COCP2 601, 1942; COCP1 629, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie William Gordon Bell|Bell, Leslie William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-RQ5] - 1904(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4CY Receive Atherton (1923); 4LZ Jubilee Pocket (1969-1975); 4LZ Airlie Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4471, 1967, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Danbulla via Atherton, 1925-1928); farmer (Jubilee Pocket via Proserpine, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Brenda Dillon Bell|Bell, Margaret Brenda Dillon &quot;Brenda&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPV-MP4] - 1891(NZ)-1979(NZ) - Licences: ZL4AA Waihemo (ca 1920s &amp; 1930s) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; first licensed female NZ amateur - Relationships: Sister of ZL4AA Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell - Electoral Rolls: spinster (Waihemo, NZ, 1914-1922; Shag Valley Station, Waihemo, NZ, 1928-1949; Waihemo, NZ, 1954; Shag Valley Station, Palmerston, NZ, 1957-1975; Palmerston, NZ, 1978) - Links: [[Brenda_Bell|Wikipedia]]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/speech/71/bell-recalls-her-brother-frank-contacting-england-by-short-wave-radio Brenda's recollection of Frank's first UK contact]

* [[/Robert Leonard Bell|Bell, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-CD5] - 1902(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1889, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ironmoulder (Collingwood, Vic, 1926; Preston, Vic, 1928); moulder (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931); driver (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1954); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Jellicoe Bell|Bell, Ronald Jellicoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHB-SXS] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Melbourne (Hampton, 1936-1939); 3MB Melbourne (Hampton, 1947; Cheltenham, 1948-1969); 3MB Harkaway (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1694, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937-1942); insurance official (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Cheltenham, Vic, 1972); retired (Harkaway, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Victor Frank Bell|Bell, Victor Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-FZ7] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6KR Perth (Subiaco, 1932-1933); 6KR Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6KR Perth (Nedlands, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 907, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936); postal assistant (Leonora, WA, 1937); radio engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1937); telephone mechanic (Lamington, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1954)

* [[/Vincent Stephanus Bell|Bell, Vincent Stephanus &quot;Vince&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-W8G] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4VD Rockhampton (Rockhampton City, 1936-1937; Wandal, 1938-1939, 1946-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1496, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; employed electrical business - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1936); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937-1980)

* [[/William James Bell|Bell, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CL-T2Q] - 1905(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1939; Tempe, 1946-1950; Punchbowl, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1085, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tobacco worker (Campsie, NSW, 1930-1943; Tempe, NSW, 1949; Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BELSTEAD''===

* [[/Roy Lempriere Belstead|Belstead, Roy Lempriere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1GN-CQF] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4EI Townsville (1933-1939); 4RU Winton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1182, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 304, 1940; 1COCP 420, 1940; TVOCP 87, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, Townsville ARC); state public servant (Qld Railways); broadcast technician (2KY); business proprietor (Belstead Electronic Repairs, Winton) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hyde Park, Qld, 1931-1937); radio technician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943; Auburn, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1963; Auburn, NSW, 1972); retired (Winton, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BENNETT''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Bennett|Bennett, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNP-GFM] - 1889(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager 2GB Sydney; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 2GB, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Mosman, 1930-1931); director (Mosman, 1933; Vaucluse, 1936); inspector (Darling Point, 1943); investor (West Pennant Hills, 1949); retired (Vaucluse, 1954-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bennett-alfred-edward-5207 ADB]

* [[/Aubrey Vincent Bennett|Bennett, Aubrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT5F-KQV] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2VA Sydney (Concord, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1514, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1930-1935; Concord, NSW, 1937-1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Clarence Herbert Bennett|Bennett, Clarence Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS5-CLV] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 449, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1909-1963); retired (Brunswick, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Patrick Curtis Bennett|Bennett, Patrick Curtis &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQW-8JT] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3NC Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1934); 3NC Hamilton (1937); 3NC Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 3APB Shepparton (1947); 3PB Shepparton (1948); 3PB Melbourne (Doncaster, 1954-1960); 2AJB Sydney (Westmead, 1955-1960; Roseville, 1961-1969); 2AJB Terrigal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1009, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 195, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1936-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943; Nunawading, Vic, 1949); engineer (Doncaster, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Westmead, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1968; Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Jacob Bennett|Bennett, William John Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-BDS] - 1906(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Shepparton (1932-1933); 3DR Mooroopna (1937-1939); 3EJ Melbourne (Lilydale, 1948-1975; Chirnside Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 982, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1928-1936); nil (Mooroopna, Vic, 1942); radio dealer (Lilydale, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BENOIT''===

* [[/Maxwell Alfred William Benoit|Benoit, Maxwell Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HC-MQX] - 1919(Vic)-1943(Thailand) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2401, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1939-1943) - Awards: Military Medal (1942) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1684287 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/619809 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11033902 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''BENROSE''===

* [[/G. S. Benrose|Benrose or Penrose, G. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DH Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BENSON''===

* [[/David Alfred Benson|Benson, David Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD6-W4H] - 1915(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948); 6VB Laverton (1969); 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1975; Bullsbrook, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2374, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (South Perth, WA, 1937); operator (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); technician (El Sherana via Pine Creek, NT, 1963); geophysical technician (South Perth, WA, 1968-1972); farmer (Upper Swan, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Jack Benson|Benson, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRL7-ZX6] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIC Sydney (Concord, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1997, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs; Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1937)

===''BENT''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Wattis Bent|Bent, Arthur Francis Wattis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-5V7] - 1902(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3AF Geelong (1924-1939, 1946-1960); 3AF Torquay (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 199, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio dealer (Geelong, 1931-1954) - Electoral Rolls: turner (14 Coronation St, Geelong West, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Geelong, 1928-1954); radio serviceman (Torquay, 1963-1980)

===''BENTLEY''===

* [[/Frank Ernest Bentley|Bentley, Frank Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93F-NPZ] - 1902(India)-1973(SA) - Licences: 5MK Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1931-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 833, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BENTZEN''===

* [[/Ivan Louis Bentzen|Bentzen, Ivan Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4X-6P4] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4SS Brisbane (Newstead, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 964, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Bulimba, Qld, 1929); mechanic (Valley, Qld, 1936); carpenter (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1949); garage proprietor (Lutwyche, Qld, 1954); carpenter (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BENWELL''===

* [[/George Tasman Benwell|Benwell, George Tasman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSB-T8M] - 1914(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3KQ Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939; Elsternwick, 1947-1948; Ormond, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1906, 1937, Vic; COCP2 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Order of Australia (Community Service, 1996) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942); accountant (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BERGIN''===

* [[/John Thomas Bergin|Bergin, John Thomas &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGP-GNM] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5JB Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1364, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Max Wulfing Bergin|Bergin, Max Wulfing]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M1-DCN] - 1900(NSW)-1983(Cook Isls) - Licences: 2YP Receive West Maitland (1923); 2YP West Maitland (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BERRY''===

* [[/Arthur Ingham Berry|Berry, Arthur Ingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WB6-6F5] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1954; East Malvern, 1955-1956); 3CZ Warburton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 595, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); architect (Kew North, Vic, 1943-1954); farmer (Warburton, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Berry|Berry, Harold Alexander &quot;Huck&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G869-8R6] - 1906(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (City, 1923); Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5JU Adelaide (City, 1930-1931; Keswick, 1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Kilburn, 1946-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 666, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: polisher (Kilburn, 1943)

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Berry|Berry, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG2-X6J] - 1906(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5DB Adelaide (Norwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1315, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Robert Henry Berry|Berry, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G342-ZR6] - 18??(???)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XQC Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; electrical business proprietor - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Rockhampton, 1912-1925); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, 1928-1968)

* [[/Roy James Berry|Berry, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQN-X6X] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NY Grafton (1933-1939, 1946-1969); 2BQD Grafton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1159, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: body-builder (Grafton, NSW, 1932-1980)

* [[/William Clive Berry|Berry, William Clive &quot;Clive&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBT5-3L8] - 1912(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Knockrow via Bangalow (1931-1936); 2AGM Byron Bay (1938-1938, 1946-1955); 2AGM Lismore (1956-1957); 2AGM Mullumbimby (1958-1960); 2AGM Byron Bay (1961-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 30, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 302, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Knockrow, 1933-1936); woodworker (Byron Bay, 1943-1954); contractor (Ballina, 1958); no occupation (Mullumbimby, 1958); manager (Byron Bay, 1963)

* [[/William James Berry|Berry, William James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D1-B78] - 1890(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4WB Brisbane (Yeerongpilly, 1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1295, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; instrument repairer - Comment: Several contemporaneous William James Berry's in Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1958-1963); mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1972-1980) -

===''BERTRAM''===

* [[/William Louis Bertram|Bertram, William Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDBP-NGS] - 1901(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: V738 Receive Rushworth (1922); 3GR Receive Rushworth (1922); 2KR Sydney (Waverley, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 920, 1926; 2COCP 97, 1930; 1COCP 34, 1934 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Rushworth, 1922; Brunswick, 1924-1928); telegraphist (Brunswick, 1931-1942); telephonist (Brunswick, 1949-1963); retired (Frankston, 1967-1980)

===''BEST''===

* [[/George Bransdon Best|Best, George Bransdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VQ-241] - 1918(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2QC Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1292, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (university student at time of death 1942)

* [[/Robert William Best|Best, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-F7Z] - 1916(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2TY Newcastle (1935-1939); 2TY Lochinvar (1946-1954); 2TY Sydney (Rutherford, 1955-1956; Hunters Hill, 1957-1958; Gladesville, 1960; Boronia Park, 1961; Gladesville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1587, 1935, NSW; BOCP 262, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broadcasting Station, Lochinvar, NSW, 1943-1954); storekeeper (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Wallace George Haydn Best|Best, Wallace George Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSF-YDK] - 1901(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2ER Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2ER Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Nephew of 2EU Arthur Frederick Peters - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brisbane, Qld, 1926); manager (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1949; Bardon, Qld, 1954-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2ER - Wallace George Haydn Best&quot;

===''BESTED''===

* [[/Julius Phillip Bested|Bested, Julius Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ6V-YSQ] - 1907(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Rose Park, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Salisbury, 1937-1939); 5CS Peterborough (1947-1948); 5CS Adelaide (Richmond, 1954-1960; Cumberland Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1995, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Salisbury, SA, 1939-1941)

===''BESTMANN''===

* [[/Walter Barrett Bestmann|Bestmann, Walter Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCM-JTY] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4BE Gympie (1938-1939, 1947); 4LN Gympie (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2242, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical foreman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BEYER''===

* [[/Johann Hugo Louis Beyer|Beyer, Johann Hugo Louis &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-WX2] - 1894(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XJEK Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1916-1925); chemist (Caulfield, Vic, 1927; Beaumaris, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BIBBY''===

* [[/Frederick Cyril Bibby|Bibby, Frederick Cyril &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH58-5XF] - 1911(Tas)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3OL Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1939; Camberwell, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 681, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 38, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Camberwell, 1943-1968); operator (Camberwell, 1972-1980)

===''BICE''===

* [[/William Russel Bice|Bice, William Russel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF48-PHT] - 1895(Qld)-1925(WA) - Licences: 6BX Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Claremont, WA, 1919)

===''BIDGOOD''===

* [[/Archibald Erle Bidgood|Bidgood, Archibald Erle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29WT-B4Z] - 1909(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2ALL Sydney (Willoughby, 1939; Dee Why, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: COCP2 270, 1930; AOLCP 26, 1930; COCP1 79, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1936; Willoughby, NSW, 1937; Dee Why, NSW, 1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1954; Toowoomba, Qld, 1958); postmaster (Pialba, Qld, 1969; South Pine, Qld, 1972); retired (Withcott, Qld, 1980)

===''BIDMEAD''===

* [[/William Ernest Bidmead|Browne, William Ernest Bidmead]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZM-N3K] - 1894(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XEB Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914); 2SJ Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; citizen's militia (25th Signallers Co. Engineers, pre WW1); AIF (WW1, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1936); engineering fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1963) - TroveTage: &quot;XEB-2SJ - William Ernest Bidmead&quot;

===''BILLAN''===

* [[/Leo John Billan|Billan, Leo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-P87] - 1906(SA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3BR Briagolong (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1205, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Boisdale, Vic, 1931); nurseryman (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); gardener (Prahran, Vic, 1963)

===''BILLINGS''===

* [[/Hubert Douglas Billings|Billings, Hubert Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WC5-G7H] - 1894(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: XJP Melbourne (Brighton Beach, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1921; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); auditor (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BINNS''===

* [[/Albert Binns|Binns, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDD-5DL] - 1895(NSW)-1918(NSW) - Licences: XCY Sydney (Mosman, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 2IE-2BJ Cecil Binns - TroveTag: &quot;XCY - Albert Binns&quot;

* [[/Cecil Binns|Binns, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-XTD] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2IE Receive Sydney (Kogarah, 1922); 2BJ Sydney (Kogarah, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 46, 1924, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 79, 1932; COCP1 378, 1940 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1st Division Signals Coy (WW1, 1916+) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1936); radio technician (Carlingford, NSW, 1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943-1968) - Relationships: brother of XCY Albert Binns - TroveTag: &quot;2IE-2BJ - Cecil Binns&quot;

===''BIRD''===

* [[/Henry Scorer Bird|Bird, Henry Scorer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWH-FTC] - 1902(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Sunshine, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Sunshine, 1924-1927); Government employee (Camberwell, 1928-1963); nil (Ashwood, 1968-1972) - Comment: 3HB callsign passed to Sunshine Radio Club 1924-1927 (prominent amateur broadcaster)
* [[/Leslie James Bird|Bird, Leslie James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X2-N4N] - 1897(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Armidale, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armidale, 1930-1935; Wellington, 1937); civil servant (Homebush, 1943) 

===''BIRT''===

* [[/William Andrew Birt|Birt, William Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBK-336] - 1907(WA)-1936(WA) - Licences: 6CU Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (North Perth, WA, 1931)

===''BISCHOFF''===

* [[/William Edward Conrad Bischoff|Bischoff, William Edward Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YT-QB7] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2LZ Sydney (Crows Nest, 1930-1937); 2LZ Wentworth Falls (1938-1939, 1946-1969); 2AKM Wentworth Falls (Portable, 1939); 2LZ Sydney (Naremburn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 568, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 12, 1936; TVOCP, 346, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Naremburn, 1933-1937); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1943); radio technician (Wentworth Falls, 1949-1958); tele. engineer (Naremburn, 1963); engineer (Naremburn, 1972-1980)

===''BISHOP''===

* [[/Clarence Elijah Bishop|Bishop, Clarence Elijah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZ9-G7S] - 1896(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6DD Receive Albany (1923); 6DD Albany (1923-1924); 6DD Northam (1924); 6LL Katanning (1936-1939); 6LL Perth (Claremont, 1948-1954; East Victoria Park, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1746, 1936, WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albany, WA, 1922); accountant (Katanning, WA, 1925-1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1954; Victoria Park, WA, 1958-1968)

* [[/Frederick Edward Bishop|Bishop, Frederick Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS3-GZQ] - 1882(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2FB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Kirribilli, 1930-1931); grazier (Mullaley, Gunnedah, 1935-1949)

* [[/Maurice Glanville Bishop| Bishop, Maurice Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDP-SVD] - 1908(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931); bank officer (Middle Park, 1935); bank clerk (Bank of NSW Quarters, Ouyen, 1936-1937); bank officer (Hawthorn, 1942-1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Bishop|Bishop, Reginald &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDJ-D3V] - 1913(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - politician; trade union leader; in conjunction with Media Minister Doug McClelland, oversaw the introduction of FM radio into Australia - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/bishop-reginald-reg-32171 Obituaries Australia]

===''BLACK''===

* [[/F. C. Black|Black, F. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None identified to date - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 297, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: awaits identification, Port Lincoln, SA in 1926

* [[/Rex Cleugh Black|Black, Rex Cleugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJZ-WY5] - 1912(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Sydney (Rugby, 1933; Auburn, 1934-1935; Greenwich, 1936-1937); 2YA Trangie (1938); 2YA Sydney (Ashfield, 1939; Belmore, 1946; Campsie, 1947; Liverpool, 1948-1950); 2YA Gosford (1954-1961); 2YA Kingsgrove (1965); 2YA Springwood (1969-1975); 2YA Kooringal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1116, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Greenwich, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Campsie, NSW, 1943); school teacher (Liverpool, NSW, 1949); teacher (Gosford, NSW, 1958; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Hughes Black|Black, Robert Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-2YK] - 1917(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QZ Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1947; City CBD, 1954; Hunters Hill, 1955-1975; Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1229, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Innisfail, Qld, 1941-1943; Baukham Hills, NSW, 1954; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958-1972; Strathfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Hector Black|Black, William Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8J2-TCS] - 1912(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3WB Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939); 2WO Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 663, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); bacteriologist (Mosman, 1943-1963); biochemist (Darlinghurst, 1968-1972)

* [[/William Sidney Neil Black|Black, William Sidney Neil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVJ-2XT] - 1921(Vic)-1998(???) - Licences: 2AKJ Canberra (Kingston, 1938-1939); 3QX Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2151, 1938, ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Berwick, Vic, 1949); engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1958; Blacktown, NSW, 1963)

===''BLACKBURN''===

* [[/W. T. Blackburn|Blackburn, W. T.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Home Hill (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Searched William, Walter, Wilfred - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLACKMAN''===

* [[/Herbert Howbery Blackman|Blackman, Herbert Howbery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2M-65N] - 1886(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: XOE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913); 3PR Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3PR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1924-1925); 3HA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1927); 3HU Melbourne (Ashburton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 211, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1909); mechanic (East Malvern, 1913-1916); soldier (Royal Park, 1917-1919); electrician (East Malvern, 1922-1928); mechanic (Burwood, 1931-1968)

===''BLACKWELL''===

* [[/William Blackwell|Blackwell, William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAN Sydney (Camperdown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: furnaceman (Camperdown, NSW, 1913)

===''BLADES''===

* [[/Lorne Deborah Blades|Blades, Lorne Deborah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN18-HW3] - 1910(Qld)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1069, 1932, Qld - YL amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (N/A) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alfred Blades|Blades, Ronald Alfred &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCS-L77] - 1916(Qld)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 4RX Toowoomba (1936-1939); 2VP Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1947; Ashfield, 1948-1950; Dundas, 1954-1955); 2VP Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956); 2VP Sydney (Balgowlah, 1957-1969; Seaforth, 1975; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1775, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 615, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); broadcast technician (AWA) - Comment: Two Ronald Alfred Blades born in Qld 1916, 4RX 27/3/1916 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Dundas, NSW, 1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1977)

===''BLAIR''===

* [[/Keith Andrew William Blair|Blair, Keith Andrew William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK4S-ZXY] - 1911(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2DX Balranald (1930-1934); 2DX Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1937); 2DX Bega (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 699, 1930, Vic; BOCP 276, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Balranald, 1932-1935; Randwick, 1936-1937; Bega, 1937); bank officer (Queanbeyan, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Lewis Blair|Blair, Russell Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HH-8Y4] - 1916(WA)-2010(NZ) - Licences: 2AJE Cooranbong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Christchurch, 1941-1943; Selwyn, Canterbury, 1946); teacher (Auckland, 1954; Palmerston North, 1957-1960); company director (Palmerston North, 1963-1966); teacher (Palmerston North, 1972-1981); retired (Palmerston North, 1987-2008)

===''BLAKE''===

* [[/Robert Leslie Gilbert Blake|Blake, Robert Leslie Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L831-ZLW] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Castlemaine (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 484, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Castlemaine, Vic, 1912-1919); house furn. (Castlemaine, Vic, 1924-1949)

===''BLAKEMORE''===

* [[/Thomas Victor Blakemore|Blakemore, Thomas Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-V6J] - 1916(WA)-2011(WA)95yo - Licences: 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1947-1965); 6TB Narrogin (1969); 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2435, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Subiaco, WA, 1937; Bayswater, WA, 1943); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''BLANCH''===

* [[/Cecil Keith Blanch|Blanch, Cecil Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SR-WR5] - 1903(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2GI Woodford Leigh (1930-1961); 2GI Maclean (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 718, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932; Woodford Leigh, NSW, 1934-1958); radio serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1963-1968); serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1972); retired (Maclean, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BLANCHARD''===

* [[/George Edward Henry Blanchard|Blanchard, George Edward Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV2-B4S] - 1899(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Sydney (Newtown, 1922-1926; Hurlstone Park, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 195, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Earlwood, 1930-1980)

===''BLAND''===

* [[/William Joseph Bland|Bland, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-4RP] - 1902(India)-1955(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Alberton, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Alberton, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 765, 1923 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio manufacturer (Tusmore, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BLUE''===

* [[/Harry William Blue|Blue, Harry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXF-38K] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Liverpool, 1932-1933); 2YI Albury (1934-1936); 9KO Rabaul (1937); 2YI Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2YI Sydney (Kingsford, 1946; Auburn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1034, 1932, NSW; COCP3 43, 1936; COCP2 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); A.A.M.S. - Electoral Rolls: porter (Liverpool, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Albury, NSW, 1934-1935); wireless operator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio officer (Daceyville, NSW, 1943); despatch clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BLUNDEN''===

* [[/Godfrey Verge Blunden|Blunden, Godfrey Verge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNG-22L] - 1906(Vic)-1996(France) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Wireless Weekly (editor, 1930s) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (North Sydney, 1930; East Sydney, 1933-1936)

* [[/Leon Walter Blunden|Blunden, Leon Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KT-SMV] - 1914(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5BH Adelaide (Firle, 1935-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1535, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLYARD''===

* [[/Alfred Blyard|Blyard, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIH Nowra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (brother Walter Raleigh Blyard died Nowra, 1926)

===''BLYTH''===

* [[/Oscar Emerson Blyth|Blyth, Oscar Emerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTYQ-7WL] - 1912(Tas)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1806, 1936, Vic; COCP1 1204, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Collingwood, Vic, 1934); flyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943); printer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BOASE''===

* [[/Norman Robert Boase|Boase, Norman Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z8-QZS] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NI Melbourne (Malvern, 1947; Glenhuntly, 1948; Burwood, 1954-1955; Darling, 1956; Carlton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2295, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; bookkeeper (Warren, NSW, 1943); Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carlton, Vic, 1958)

===''BOAST''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Boast|Boast, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-3D4] - 1906(Eng)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1939); 3AX Lubeck (1946-1969); 3AX Melbourne (Frankston, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 404, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 55, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (3LK Lubeck, Vic, 1942-1968); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BOCK''===

* [[/Walter Alfred Bock|Bock, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTY-J6M] - 1886(NZ)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4KC Port Moresby (1937-1939); 9KC Port Moresby (1947-1955); 4KC Mareeba (1956); 4KC Caloundra (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely PNG) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Acton, ACT, 1943); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1959)

===''BODKIN''===

* [[/Harland Bernard Bodkin|Bodkin, Harland Bernard &quot;Harley&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGY-QQ7] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (St Peters, 1935-1938; Marrickville, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1447, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: power station assistant (Tempe, NSW, 1930; St Peters, NSW, 1933); electrician (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BOILEAU''===

* [[/John George Boileau|Boileau, John George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-HLQ] - 1893(SA)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4JT Port Moresby (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''BOLD''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Bold|Bold, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3N-JSF] - 1894(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6CA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 832, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922); meter tester (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); electrician (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1949); mains superintendent (South Fremantle, WA, 1954-1958)

===''BOLGER''===

* [[/Leonard Joseph Bolger|Bolger, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-VDD] - 1867(Irl)-1941(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Deputy Director of Navigation, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: master mariner (Williamstown, 1914-1917); public servant (Elsternwick, 1919); master mariner (Elsternwick, 1931-1937)

===''BOLLAS''===

* [[/George William Bollas|Bollas, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY4M-4XT] - 1915(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Licences: 3LA Melbourne (Footscray, 1935-1939); 3LA Yarraville (1948-1960); 3LA Melbourne (West Footscray, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1557, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Footscray, Vic, 1937-1942; Footscray West, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BOLTON''===

* [[/Milton Cedric Cardwell Bolton|Bolton, Milton Cedric Cardwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-1ML] - 1918(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6MB Perth (Subiaco, 1939, 1947-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2400, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1980)

===''BOND''===

* [[/Francis William Bond|Bond, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4Q-ZQ4] - 1917(Vic)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 3SQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939); 4SQ Willis Island (1947); 4AKG Rockhampton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1914, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968); radiocommunications (Rosebud, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Rupert Francis Bond|Bond, Rupert Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZHS-QB3] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rockhampton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1912-1937; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''BONGERS''===

* [[/Gysbert Sheldon Bongers|Bongers, Gysbert Sheldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7F9-DXK] - 1900(NSW)-1948(NSW) - Licences: N745 Receive Sydney (1922); 2HY Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1922); 2HY Sydney (Rockdale, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Rockdale, 1930-1935; Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1937); engineer (Woollahra, 1943)

===''BONNER''===

* [[/Alfred Coleman Bonner|Bonner, Alfred Coleman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MV14-MTM] - 1854(Tas)-1930(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Legana (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914-1922); no occupation (Legana, 1928)

===''BONNERUP''===

* [[/Peter Madsen Bonnerup|Bonnerup, Peter Madsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F5-RC8] - 1890(Tas?)-1976(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as patent attorney, WA) - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Nedlands, 1922; South Perth, 1925-1972) - Links: [https://www.carnamah.com.au/bio/peter-madsen-bonnerup Bio]

===''BONNINGTON''===

* [[/John Archibald Bonnington|Bonnington, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Y-1JP] - 1909(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931); 2AKB Sydney (Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 569, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3AirOCP 16, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, 1931); engineer (Woollahra, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); air pilot (Avalon Beach, 1949-1963)

===''BONWILL''===

* [[/Edward Warren Bonwill|Bonwill, Edward Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J35-NNV] - 1869(USA)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XBP Sydney (1912-1914); 2CA Receive Cowra (1922); 2CA Cowra (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Barellan, 1930; Cowra, 1934-1937; Lithgow, 1937-1943)

===''BORGEEST''===

* [[/William Frederic Borgeest|Borgeest, William Frederic or Frederick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WM-GHT] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1938); 3ZY Colac (1947); 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Glen Iris, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1908, 1937, Vic; BOCP 223, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, Tas, 1939); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Camberwell South, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''BORLAND''===

* [[/Alexander Borland|Borland, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJZ-JGT] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XFT Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1st Signals Squadron Wireless, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Concord, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''BOSHER''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Bosher|Bosher, Allan Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNNY-B75] - 1913(NZ)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (Greenwich, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1938-1939; Cammeray, 1946-1955; Crows Nest, 1956-1969; Cammeray, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 650, 1942; COCP1 677, 1943; (likely first qualified in NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1968); engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1972; Cammeray, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOTTEN''===

* [[/Herbert William Botten|Botten, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-8QJ] - 1895(SA)-1973(???) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930); radio manager (Darlinghurst, 1933-1936); manager (Darlinghurst, 1937-1958)

===''BOUCHARD''===

* [[/Victor John Reid Bouchard|Bouchard, Victor John Reid &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93B-52C] - 1897(Qld)-1936(Qld) - 4BY Receive Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur club administrator - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Auchenflower, 1921-1926); clerk (Buranda, 1928)

===''BOULTBEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Walker Boultbee|Boultbee, Kenneth Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMWB-1Q4] - 1905(Tas)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agent (Taringa, Qld, 1928-1958; Corinda, Qld, 1963-1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Broadbeach, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BOUNDY''===

* [[/George Henry Boundy|Boundy, George Henry]] - 1866(Vic)-1932(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), early wireless experimenter, radio clubs (WIQ), state public servant (P&amp;TQ, engineer), federal public servant (PMGD, engineer)

===''BOURKE''===

* [[/J. Bourke|Bourke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V734 Receive Yarck (1922); Receive 3GP Yarck (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOURNE''===

* [[/Francis Frederick Bourne|Bourne, Francis Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX55-9GM] - 1916(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5BU Adelaide (Unley, 1935-1939; Wayville, 1947; Malvern, 1948-1954; Blackwood, 1955-1965; Belair, 1969); 5BU Keith (1975); 5BU Naracoorte (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1593, 1935, SA; 2COCP 1282, 1953; 1COCP 1722, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BOWDEN''===

* [[/Eric James Germain Bowden|Bowden, Eric James Germain]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7T7-YC2] - 1894(Tas)-1984(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD Wireless Inspector, Hobart, 1920s &amp; 1930s; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as equipment engineer, PMGD, Tas) - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: junior assistant engineer (Hobart North, 1922); engineer (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Frank Prosser Bowden|Bowden, Frank Prosser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MP-G4L] - 1860(Tas)-1934(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, Tas PMGD, Federal PMGD - Relationships: father of Eric James Germain Bowden and John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1928)

* [[/John Gibson Bowden|Bowden, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJZ-V69] - 1906(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - employee of Medhurst Electrical - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of Eric James Germain Bowden - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1928); electrical mechanic (New Town, 1936-1937); engineer (Nelson, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Stanley Bowden|Bowden, Ronald Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQGS-F9R] - 1900(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albion, Qld, 1921); car driver (Wilston, Qld, 1934); car proprietor (Newmarket, Qld, 1936-1943); store keeper (Urangan, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Mundubbera, Qld, 1958-1963); retired (Urangan, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''BOWEN''===

* [[/Harold Keith Bowen|Bowen, Harold Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-7SZ] - 1913(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5KB Adelaide (Maylands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1049, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Tranmere, SA, 1943)

* [[/Joseph La Venture Bowen|Bowen, Joseph La Venture or Laventure]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPP-MLB] - 1917(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4LB Brisbane (Hamilton, 1935-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1445, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1958); public servant (Kedron, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Bowen|Bowen, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKWH-7MR] - 1915(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3VK Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937; Windsor, 1938-1939; Mont Albert, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1543, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coburg, Vic, 1937; St Kilda North, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1949)

===''BOWER''===

* [[/George Geoffrey Bower|Bower, George Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVM-BC5] - 1919(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1939; Collaroy, 1946-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1960; Collaroy, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1823, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Dee Why, NSW, 1954-1958; Collaroy, NSW, 1963-1968; Collaroy Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BOWICKE''===

* [[/S. J. Bowicke|Bowicke, S. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCI Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: W. Bowicke in Sands @ Paddington 1911

===''BOWIE''===

* [[/Luther Douglas Bowie|Bowie, Luther Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCT-J1V] - 1913(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3DU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1935-37); 3DU Portable Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1938); 3TC Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1937-1939); 3DU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1948-1969); 2DU Evans Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1518, 1935, Vic; BOCP 218, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1935-1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Evans Head, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOWLEY''===

* [[/Alfred Hobden Bowley|Bowley, Alfred Hobden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN48-MT1] - 1887(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1955; Hawthorn, 1956; Nunawading, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1460, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''BOWMAN''===

* [[/Hubert Nigel Bowman|Bowman, Hubert Nigel &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4PT-FY3] - 1908(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FM Adelaide (Payneham, 1932-1933; Royston Park, 1937; Payneham, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1956); 5FM Crystal Brook (1960); 5FM Bridgewater (1965-1980+); 5FN Portable (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 911, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 259, 1939; BOCP 282, 1940; 1COCP 354, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOYD''===

* [[/Albert Boyd|Boyd, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMM-KRM] - 1910?(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TE Sydney (Rozelle, 1935-1937); 2TE Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939; Charlestown, 1946-1954; Maryville, 1955-1957; Islington, 1958; Blacksmith, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Rozelle, NSW, 1934-1937; Charlestown, NSW, 1943-1954)

* [[/Gordon James Boyd|Boyd, Gordon James &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-Q7L] - 1912(???)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AML Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2308, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Brighton Le Sands, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/John a'Beckett Penleigh Boyd|Boyd, John a'Beckett Penleigh &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HD5-QST] - 1915(Vic)-1981(WA) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1904, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 806, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); pilot (Balwyn, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Chidlow, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman James Boyd|Boyd, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-VM7] - 1897(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XNO Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EL Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3EL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1924-1925; Caulfield, 1925-1927; Elwood, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 104, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer (3UZ, 1920s); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1924); manager (Caulfield, 1926-1928); engineer (Elsternwick, 1931-1937); electrician (St Kilda, 1949-1963); retired (Caulfield, 1967-1977)

===''BOYTON''===

* [[/Claude John Boyton|Boyton, Claude John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTPH-PH2] - 1902(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ALE Jugiong (1938-1939); 2ALE Sydney (Stanmore, 1947); 2ALI Cooma North (1954); 2ALI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1958; Bexley, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2195, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bethungra, NSW, 1930-1936); radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1937); sound operator (Hillston, NSW, 1937); electric motor operator (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Annandale, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1958; Bexley, NSW, 1958); engineer (Booker Bay, NSW, 1963); electronics technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRACKEN''===

* [[/Leonard Carl Bracken|Bracken, Leonard Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58V-LLQ] - 1910(Tas)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Stanmore, 1933-1934; Cremorne, 1935-1936); 2FF Sydney (Cremorne, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP1 54, 1947, NSW (likely prior RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Withdrawal: 2LF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2LF Young commercial service - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRADBURY''===

* [[/B. J. Bradbury|Bradbury, B. J.]] - abt 1887(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

===''BRADDOCK''===

* [[/Albert Braddock|Braddock, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-VRM] - 1890(Eng)-1916(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 14, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Esperance, WA, 1916)

* [[/George Stacey Braddock|Braddock, George Stacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-DGH] - 1913(Qld)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 2AGL Moree East (1937-1938); 3AGL Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1900, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936); wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); dry cleaner (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BRADFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Keith Bradford|Bradford, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-VC5] - 1912(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4KK Millmerran (1936-1939, 1947-1975); 4KK Drillham (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1750, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Millmerran, Qld, 1934-1937); farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1943-1954); radio dealer (Millmerran, Qld, 1958-1968); farmer (Drillham, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Richard Bradford|Bradford, John Richard]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief electrical engineer, Qld, PMGD)

===''BRADLEY''===

* [[/David Max Bradley|Bradley, David Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-FCT] - 1922(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2344, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Randell Bradley|Bradley, Frank Randell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G973-F7P] - 1884(SA)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3ZK Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1931); 2JB Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2, 1924, No. 1 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, Superintendant Telegraphs Vic, 1928; Deputy PMG Qld; NSW); historian (telegraphs) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Sandringham, Vic, 1914-1924; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1943); no occupation (Killara, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''BRAGG''===

* [[/William Henry Bragg|Bragg, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFQ-9N6] - 1862(Eng)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nile yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; academic (University of Adelaide, 1885-1908), physicist, chemist, mathematician, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his son William Lawrence Bragg, son-in-law of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:William Henry Bragg|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William Lawrence Bragg|Bragg, William Lawrence &quot;Lawrence&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXT-CLR] - 1890(SA)-1971(Eng) - participated as a youth in his father's wireless experiments, academic (University of Adelaide), physicist, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his father William Henry Bragg, grandson of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:Lawrence Bragg|Wikipedia]]

===''BRAIN''===

* [[/S. F. Brain|Brain, S. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: likely related XFR V. J. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/V. J. Brain|Brain, V. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFR Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: likely related 2ZD S. F. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRAMLEY''===

* [[/John Alfred Bramley|Bramley, John Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANCH''===

* [[/Lorayne Branch|Branch, Lorayne]] - Living - author (&quot;Henry Sutton, The Innovative Man&quot;); historian (Henry Sutton)

===''BRAND''===

* [[/Albert Onslow Brand| Brand, Albert Onslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-T44] - 1904(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIO The Entrance (1937-1939, 1946-1950); Toowoon Bay (1954-1961); Harrington (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2051, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (The Entrance, NSW, 1931; Orange, NSW, 1932; The Entrance, NSW, 1933-1949); electrical contractor (Toowoon Bay, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Harrington, NSW, 1968-1977; Maclean, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Jack Brand|Brand, Jack &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4V-QGJ] - 1910(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2ADX Sydney (Ryde, 1939); 2ADX Newcastle (Lorn, 1946-1950); 2ZN Braidwood (1954-1955); 2ZN Sydney (Belmore, 1956-1957; Rockdale, 1958; Homebush West, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2ZN Bourke (1969); 2ZN Hume Weir (1975); 2ZN Sydney (Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1827, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1933; Rozelle, 1934-1935; Ryde, NSW, 1936); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943); municipal engineer (Lorn, NSW, 1949); engineer (Braidwood, NSW, 1954)

===''BRANDON''===

* [[/Eric Frank Brandon|Brandon, Eric Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPK-2ZY] - 1907(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5FB Wilmington (1933-1939); 5FB Adelaide (Prospect, 1948); 5FA Oodnadatta (1965); 5FA Ramco (1969-1975); 5FA Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1145, 1933, SA; 2COCP 140, 1938; 1COCP 183, 1938; BOCP 201, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANFORD''===

* [[/Kenneth Harold Branford|Branford, Kenneth Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQM-5NC] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ABW Sydney (Bondi North, 1939); 2APB Coffs Harbour (1954-1956); 2APB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1957-1958; North Ryde, 1960-1975); 2APB Gosford (Point Clare, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 184, 1938; COCP1 583, 1942; TVOCP 206, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: police constable (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); communications officer (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1954; North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); technician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Point Clare, NSW, 1980)

===''BRANKS''===

* [[/Albert Mervyn Branks|Branks, Albert Mervyn &quot;Merv&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-88K] - 1906(NZ)-1978(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1920s to 1970s, DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tribute]

===''BRANSON''===

* [[/George Henry Branson|Branson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-CDW] - 1918(Wales)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2EJ Sydney (Mascot, 1934-1935; Concord, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1393, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943); manager (Greenwell Point, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''BRASCH''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Brasch|Brasch, Ernest Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-S98] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJL Melbourne (Hawksburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Munitions Workers Coy) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1922); motor engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1924; Swan Hill, Vic, 1925-1937); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''BREBNER''===

* [[/Walter John Alexander Brebner|Brebner, Walter John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGS-DR1] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Geelong (Belmont, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1172, 1933, Vic; BOCP 135, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Electrician, Wireless Mechanic, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belmont, Vic, 1937); radio announcer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); broadcaster (Geelong, Vic, 1949); radio dealer (Geelong West, Vic, 1954); manager (Belmont, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''BREDEN''===

* [[/Wynne Steere Breden|Breden, Wynne Steere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/979Z-1QH] - 1900(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Rx Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923); 2WS Newcastle (CBD, 1924-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; shipyard business - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, Vic, 1922-1924; Newcastle, NSW, 1930-1932); agent (Newcastle, NSW, 1935; Stockton, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1943-1958); company director (Toronto, NSW, 1968)

===''BREEN''===

* [[/James Henry Breen|Breen, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV4-826] - 1906(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Melbourne (Ripponlea, 1936-1939); 3UY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1774, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Camden, Vic, 1967; Elsternwick, Vic, 1977)

===''BREHAUT''===

* [[/Albert Leslie Brehaut|Brehaut, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTB-JTG] - 1905(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3SB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1082, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1926-1954)

===''BREMERMAN''===

* [[/Harold Frederick Bremerman|Bremerman, Harold Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-QWC] - 1903(Eng)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Aspley (1955-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1267, 1934, Qld; COCP (Eng) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (WIAQ, Life Member; Brisbane DX Club); employment (electrician, Courier Mail, Besley &amp; Pike, Mt. Olivett Hospital); pilot; UK Merchant Navy 1920s - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Albion, Qld, 1928); mechanic (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Aspley, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BREMNER''===

* [[/John Latta Bremner|Bremner, John Latta]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2024, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1967)

* [[/Thomas Bremner|Bremner, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-JT5] - 1919(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1936-1939); 3AKU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1948); 2ANV Sydney (Randwick, 1950-1958; Killara, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1649, 1936, Vic; BOCP 531, 1943; COCP2 872, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Woollahra East, NSW, 1949); accountant (Killara, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''BRENNAN''===

* [[/Allan James Brennan|Brennan, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TR-SNJ] - 1887(Vic)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 31, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Seven Hills, NSW, 1930); journalist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1933; East Sydney, NSW, 1934-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1958)

* [[/John Martin Brennan|Brennan, John Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKVN-2T1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ALQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1939, 1946-1956; Dee Why, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2269, 1939, NSW; TVOCP 344, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1933); electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Blacktown, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977) - Relationships: brother of 2ACE Loughlin Brennan

* [[/Leonard Laughton Brennan|Brennan, Leonard Laughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2Q-S5G] - 1916(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AMU Gosford (1939; 1946-1961); 2AMU Killarney Vale (1965-1975); 2AMU Mt Victoria (1980); 2LM Mt Victoria (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2332, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre proprietor (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1963); company director (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1968-1977); retired (Mt Victoria, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Loughlin Brennan|Brennan, Loughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ7X-3KV] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2ACE Leeton (1955-1957); 2ACE Wagga Wagga (1958-1961); 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1658, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1954); public servant (Wagga Wagga, 1958-1963; Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980) - Relationships: brother of 2ALQ John Martin Brennan

* [[/William Edward Brennan|Brennan, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-CVJ] - 1904(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Thornbury, 1931-1933; Murrumbeena, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1931); clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972); retired (Carnegie, Vic, 1977)

===''BREWER''===

* [[/Alfred Henry Brewer|Brewer, Alfred Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-MWL] - 1871(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHB Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914); 2CN Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Bondi, NSW, 1913; Bronte, NSW, 1930-1935; Ulladulla, NSW, 1937; Berry, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Phillip John Brewer|Brewer, Phillip or Philip John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-MNW] - 1900(WA)-1948(SA) - Licences: 5JA Adelaide (Parkside, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 269, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Parkside, 1939-1943)

===''BRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilmur James Mitchell Bridge|Bridge, Wilmur James Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-TYN] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3QV Benalla (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2211, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); engineer (Benalla, Vic, 1949)

===''BRIDGER''===

* [[/Thomas William Bridger|Bridger, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85V-2YT] - 1885(UK)-1941(NT) - Licences: 4AP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4AP Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; public servant; WW1 (2nd Aust Flying Squadron, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West Perth, 1914); consulting engineer (Auchenflower, 1925); poultry farmer (Geebung, 1928); engineer (Armadale, 1934-1937) - Directories: electrical engineer (Adelaide, 1915; Melbourne, 1917-1921; Brisbane, 1923-1927; Adelaide, 1930) 
===''BRIDGES''===

* [[/Frank John Claud Bridges|Bridges, Frank John Claud or Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHRF-XHR] - 1885(NZ)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 141, 1915; 2COCP 182, 1930; 1COCP 279, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Esperance, 1921-1949); retired (Esperance, 1958-1963)

===''BRIDGEWATER''===

* [[/Francis Henry Bridgewater|Bridgewater, Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58N-NQL] - 1906(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ZO Sydney (Moore Park, 1933-1939; CBD, 1947); 2ZI Broken Hill (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Surry Hills, NSW, 1930-1937; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1943); musician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); business manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BRIGDEN''===

* [[/Gordon Joseph Brigden|Brigden, Gordon Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-1M5] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ACJ Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1946-1950; St Ives, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2234, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); importer (Harbord, NSW, 1949; St Ives, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''BRIGGS''===

* [[/David Eastman Briggs|Briggs, David Eastman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3B-PKK] - 1913(Vic)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 3FU Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939, 1947-1960); 7RF Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1317, 1934, Vic; COCP2 803, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1954); retired (Albury, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Donald Robert Briggs|Briggs, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5B-1TN] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (Walkerville, 1935-1939; Henley Beach, 1947; South Plympton, 1954-19600; 5HB Adelaide (Morphett Vale, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1490, 1935, SA; 2COCP 413, 1941; BOCP 373, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939)

* [[/Percy Briggs|Briggs, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB28-PM5] - 1907(Qld)-1992(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2232, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1943); technician (South Perth, WA, 1949-1968; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''BRIGHT''===

* [[/William Henry Herbert Bright|Bright, William Henry Herbert &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQH-GSX] - 1898(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Spark; 4FA Toowoomba (1923); 4AA Toowoomba (1924-1925); 4WB Toowoomba (1925-1927); 4OO Toowoomba (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 123, 1925, No. 13 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: callsign 4AA withdrawn by PMGD for their use - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toowoomba, 1919-1943); clerk (Toowoomba, 1949); mechanic (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

===''BRIMBLE''===

* [[/Charles Campbell Brimble|Brimble, Charles Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5L-9GH] - 1915(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CB Adelaide (Somerton, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Somerton Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1446, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Somerton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BRIMS''===

* [[/Marcus John Gordon Brims|Brims, Marcus John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZWB-S11] - 1888(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XQA Mareeba (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; business proprietor (plywood &amp; veneer manufacture) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Mareeba, 1912-1913); foreman joiner (Milton, 1921); timber merchant (Milton, 1925-1931); plywood manufacturer (Annerley, 1937-1958); business manager (Annerley, 1963-1980)

===''BRINKMAN''===

* [[/Sydney James Ferdinand Brinkman|Brinkman or Brinckman, Sydney James Ferdinand &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS4-53R] - 1912(Tas)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Griffith, ACT (1935-1939); 2IS Coffs Harbour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1425, 1935, ACT; COCP1 403, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Griffith, ACT, 1935-1949; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRISTOW''===

* [[/John Morrison Bristow|Bristow, John Morrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPL-DLJ] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 243, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Neutral Bay, 1930-1935); manager (Gordon, 1937-1943); company manager (Pymble, 1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954-1980)

===''BRITT''===

* [[/Dudley Gordon Britt|Britt, Dudley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-D5B] - 1909(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2210, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''BROADFOOT''===

* [[/James Broadfoot|Broadfoot, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1C-TQ7] - 1920(Qld)-2012(NSW)92yo - Licences: 2AJD Sydney (Lindfield, 1938-1939, 1947-1961; Killara, 1965-1969; Gordon, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2095, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949); medical practitioner (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963; Killara, NSW, 1968; Gordon, NSW, 1972-1977; Glenorie, NSW, 1980)

===''BROADLEY''===

* [[/David Hadley Broadley| Broadley, David Hadley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JR-VDL] - 1917(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AFU Sydney (Undercliffe, 1937-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1961; Lugarno, 1965, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1892, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943-1958; Earlwood, NSW, 1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROCK''===

* [[/Hector Edward Earl Brock|Brock, Hector Edward Earl]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VQL-BTC] - 1902(Vic)-1962(SA) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924); 5DP Adelaide  (North Adelaide, 1924-1927; Malvern, 1927-1938); 5UZ Adelaide (Fullarton, 1954-1956; Nailsworth, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 25, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; University of Adelaide (Demonstrator &amp; Technical Assistant, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1924); no occupation (Malvern, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BROGAN''===

* [[/John Patrick Hugh Brogan|Brogan, John Patrick Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYH-BHN] - 1909(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CG Merbein (1933-1939); 3CG Melbourne (Elwood, 1947; Richmond, 1948; The Basin, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1094, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, Vic, 1931-1942); tramway employee (Richmond, Vic, 1949); tram driver (The Basin, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROINOWSKI''===

* [[/Leopold Thomas Broinowski|Broinowski, Leopold Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FR-SMR] - 1871(Vic)-1937(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Hobart Mercury, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1914-1937)

===''BROOK''===

* [[/William Laurence Brook|Brook, William Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K63Q-J18] - 1906(SA)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Dubbo (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2238, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Annandale, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Glenton, NSW, 1931); station hand (Murrumbidgerie, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1968);

===''BROOKE''===

* [[/Wilberforce Henry Liddon Brooke|Brooke, Wilberforce Henry Liddon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB61-69T] - 1891(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BR Terrigal (1930-1936); 2BR Dora Creek (1937-1939, 1946-1958); 2BR Paterson (1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 638, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (1917); WW1 (Wireless Training School, Moore Park, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Jerry's Plains, 1930; Terrigal, 1931-1937; Dora Creek, 1949-1958; Paterson, 1963-1968)

===''BROOKES''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Brookes|Brookes, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSJ-GV6] - 1911(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BA Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, 1938-1939; Wooloowin, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1641, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1954); waterside Worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1958)

* [[/W. D. Brookes|Brookes, W. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJBH Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BROOKS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Milton Brooks|Brooks, Albert Henry Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1Q-DVK] - 1901(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5KG Adelaide (Grange, 1933-1939; Croydon, 1946-1960+); 5AH Adelaide (Ridleton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1170, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Croydon, 1939); railway employee (Croydon, 1941-1943) - Relationships: likely related to 7JB John Vickery Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks

* [[/David Deane Brooks|Brooks, David Deane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58F-VVY] - 1912(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2NX Sydney (Kensington, 1933-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 431, 1933; COCP1 343, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Vaucluse, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Qantas Airways, Berrimah, NT, 1949); radio technician (Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Carnarvon, WA, 1968); technician (Nowra North, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Brooks|Brooks, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ8-BKF] - 1892(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XFM Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); 2EA Receive Barmedman (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1913); engineer (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930); electrician (West Wyalong, NSW, 1932-1937); teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); 

* [[/John Vickery Brooks|Brooks, John Vickery &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHXL-RK8] - 1905(SA)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 37, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; originally from Adelaide - Relationships: likely related to 5KG Albert Henry Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart South, 1928; Malvern, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROOME''===

* [[/Francis Montague Guido Broome|Broome, Francis Montague Guido]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK6-V7S] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2XJ Sydney (Croydon Park, 1932-1934); 2XJ The Entrance (1937-1939); 2XJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1947; Bankstown, 1948-1961); 2XJ McMasters Beach (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1026, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Croydon Park, NSW, 1931-1934; Haberfield, NSW, 1936; The Entrance, NSW, 1937-1943); electroplater (Bankstown, NSW, 1949); technician (Bankstown, NSW, 1954-1963); not available (Margate, Qld, 1969); retired (Clontarf, Qld, 1972; Scarborough, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Joseph Paul Broome|Broome, Joseph Paul &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW3P-756] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4PB Brisbane (Grange, 1938-1939, 1947; Moorooka, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2205, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949); radio mechanic (Moorooka, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BROOMHALL''===

* [[/Charles Alfred Broomhall|Broomhall, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7NZ-2SV] - 1891(Vic)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 729, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, 1916); mechanic (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925; Canning Bridge, 1931-1937; Applecross, 1943-1954); retired (Bickley, 1958-1963)

===''BROOMHEAD''===

* [[/Sydney Vernon Broomhead|Broomhead, Sydney Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CK-TGN] - 1912(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2UL Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1096, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Campsie, NSW, 1933-1936); clerk (Wollongong, NSW, 1937; North Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1954; Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BROWN (A-I)''===

* [[/Alan George Brown|Brown, Alan George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G849-43Y] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3CX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1937; Upper Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 446, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, 1931); public servant (Auburn, 1936-1937); RAAF (St Kilda North, 1943); civil servant (Auburn, 1949); clerk (Deepdene, 1954; Camberwell North, 1963-1968)

* [[/Alan Weymouth Brown|Brown, Alan Weymouth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSKH-1N5] - 1902(Tas)-1938(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Listeners' League, Hobart (assistant secretary); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Assistant Secretary, Listeners' League, Hobart, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Albert Telfer Brown|Brown, Albert Telfer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VT-YM1] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IU Sydney (Rozelle, 1934-1936; St Leonards, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1266, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Dubbo, NSW, 1934; St Leonards, NSW, 1937); clerk (North Wollstonecraft, 1949); auditor (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); public servant (Curtin, ACT, 1972); retired (Roseville, NSW, 1977; Valentine, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Alfred Brown|Brown, Alfred &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD9-157] - 1896(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939; Sandringham, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2020, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1972)

* [[/Alfred Louis Brown|Brown, Alfred Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQV-4SS] - 1885(Eng)-1971(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as general manager, 5CL, SA) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Claremont, WA, 1910); optician (Applecross, 1916-1917); director (Kew, Vic, 1926); engineer (Cottesloe, 1936-1937)

* [[/Arthur John Brown|Brown, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KP-9XJ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2IK Sydney (Earlwood, 1934-1939; Epping, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1251, 1934, NSW; BOCP 115, 1937; TVOCP 44, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Fitter (Earlwood, NSW, 1936-1937); Inspector (Meadowbank, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Bruce Kevin Brown|Brown, Bruce Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S4-CV1] - 1920(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 7QZ Launceston (1937-1939); 2AQZ Sydney (Meadowbank, 1954-1969; Annangrove, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1942, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 303, 1940; 1COCP 492, 1941; TVOCP 1014, 1968 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Meadowbank, 1943-1968); technician (Annangrove, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Clarence Roy Brown|Brown, Clarence Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - founder of 5KA Class B Adelaide; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 5KA, SA) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Clifford Walter Brown|Brown, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCV5-M8M] - 1906(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6CB Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 640, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Subiaco, 1931-1937); traveller (Nedlands, 1943-1963); business manager (Wembley, 1968); manager (Morley, 1972; Dianella, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ernest Charles Brown|Brown, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPG6-K19] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AJ Sydney (Tempe, 1932-1939, 1946-1969; Penshurst, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 912, 1932, NSW; COCP2 110, 1937; COCP1 295, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Wireless Telegraphy Officer, 1940-1945) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1968); public servant (Penshurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank Makepeace Brown|Brown, Frank Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H5-2M5] - 1911(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6FB Mullewa (1939, 1946-1948); 6FB Perth (Bassendean, 1954-1960; Doubleview, 1965-1969; Rossmoyne, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2375, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Northam, 1936; Bassendean, 1943); civil servant (Mullewa, 1949); telephone technician (Bassendean, 1954-1963); civil servant (Doubleview, 1968-1972); telephone technician (Rossmoyne, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Brown|Brown, George]] - 1875(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AHL Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1970, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous GBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Douglas Brown|Brown, George Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-JFD] - 1902(Qld)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Brisbane (Ascot, Qld, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: timber merchant (Hamilton, Qld, 1925-1928); director (Ascot, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/George Dundas Brown|Brown, George Dundas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMP-G4W] - 1898(NSW)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 304, 1917 (Marconi) - ship wireless operator?; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Probate: railway employee (1932) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1927; Toorak, Vic, 1931)

* [[/George Henry Bryden Brown|Brown, George Henry Bryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZK-XG1] - 1890(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2EB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 127, 1915 (Balsillie); COCP2 276, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Harry Percy Brown|Brown, Harry Percy &quot;Horsepower&quot;, &quot;Poo Bah&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R8-R1W] - 1878(Eng)-1967(NSW) - senior federal public servant (Director-General, Posts and Telegraphs); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Secretary, PMGD) - Links: [[w:Harry Brown (public servant)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/brown-sir-harry-percy-5384 ADB]; [https://telegramsaustralia.com/Forms/Special%20developments/People/Brown.html Telegrams Australia]

* [[/Hector Mervyn Brown|Brown, Hector Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9TY-HSC] - 1906(NSW)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5MB Adelaide (Torrensville, 1927-1928; Southwark, 1931-1933); 2YM Broken Hill (1937-1938); 5MB Adelaide (Southwark, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 345, 1927, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 402 1932; 1COCP 333, 1933) - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (2BH, 1937), PMGD SA (mechanic, retired 1940) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broken Hill, 1937), engineer (Thebarton, 1941-1943)

* [[/Henry Mathew Brown|Brown, Henry Mathew or Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GG-RY9] - 1910(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1931-1939); 4ZB Gracemere (1947-1948); 4ZB Brisbane (Chermside, 1954-1956; Northgate, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 768, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936); salesman (Northgate, Qld, 1941); technician (Radio 4RK, Gracemere, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Chermside, Qld, 1954); technician (Northgate, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Herbert George Brown|Brown, Herbert George &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BH-NGV] - 1887(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4BH Booval (1928-1930); 4HG Booval (1931); 4HG Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 4BH Brisbane (Graceville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 455, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (Ipswich); railways employee - Callsign: withdrawn for 4BH Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ipswich, Qld, 1925; Redbank, Qld, 1929)

* [[/Herbert Rufus Brown|Brown, Herbert Rufus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HL-T23] - 1894(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3NN Receive Yanac (1923); 3NN Yanac (1924-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 271, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Yanac, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ivan Leslie Brown|Brown, Ivan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ2-9CV] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1939, 1948-1950; Herne Bay, 1954-1958; Riverwood, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 797, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1949); public servant (Herne Bay, NSW, 1954; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Riverwood, NSW, 1972-1977); public servant (Riverwood, NSW, 1980)

===''BROWN (J-Z)''===

* [[/J. R. Brown|Brown, J. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Southport (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James McGladdery Brown|Brown, James McGladdery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW18-TCK] - 1882(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4BJ Aramac (1929-1933); 4BJ Rockhampton (1937); 4BJ Bundaberg (1947-1965) - Qualifications: AOCP 480, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Rockhampton, 1905); station master (Finch Hatton, 1913); labourer (Mackay, 1919);  motor car proprietor (Baralaba, Mt Morgan, 1925); guard (Aramac, 1928-1937); retired (Maryborough, 1954-1963; Ascot, 1963) - Relationships: father of Victor James Caldwell Brown, the likely actual amateur operator

* [[/John Henry Shadwell Brown|Brown, John Henry Shadwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-7M4] - 1897(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2JK Sydney (Botany, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 926, 1926; 1COCP 154, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Botany, 1930-1958)

* [[/Joseph Brown|Brown, Joseph &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQH2-YSM] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Hobart (Battery Point, 1934-1939; New Town, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1255, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 5, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (7ZL, Hobart TV); public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Battery Point, 1936-1937); civil servant (New Town, 1943-1972)

* [[/Kenneth Boyer Brown|Brown, Kenneth Boyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GV-GGN] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AKB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Gladesville, 1948-1960); 2AJJ Sydney (Gladesville, 1969); 2AJJ Nelson Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 133, 1937; COCP1 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fire alarm mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Leonard Austin Brown|Brown, Leonard Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX21-FFX] - 1915(Vic)-1957(SA) - Licences: 3OP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1931-1933); 5OP Adelaide (Eastwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 814, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Eastwood, SA, 1939; Unley Park, SA, 1941)

* [[/Maurice Alexander Brown|Brown, Maurice Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2J-3P9] - 1913(NSW)-1978(Eng) - Licences: 2OR Sydney (Epping, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Cheltenham, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1033, 1932, NSW; BOCP 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (MRB Camp, Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/P. J. Brown|Brown, P. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JB Sydney (Randwick, 1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ralph Andrew Watkin Brown|Brown, Ralph Andrew Watkin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZV-DLV] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GO Sydney (Cremorne, 1931-1933; Epping, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 823, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: proprietor (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Narrabeen, NSW, 1933)

* [[/Raymond Albert Brown|Brown, Raymond Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-YH6] - 1906(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IL Sydney (Ashfield, 1933-1935); 2IL Glenbrook (1936-1937); 2QN Sydney (Auburn, 1935); 2RB Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1960; Clontarf, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1236, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2QN amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2QN Deniliquin commercial service - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1932-1949); technician (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical manufacturer (Maroubra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Robert Brown|Brown, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart Central, 1919; Moonah, 1928); fitter (Hobart North, 1958)

* [[/Victor James Caldwell Brown|Brown, Victor James Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBKS-2T7] - 1907(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - Qualifications: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: wardsman (Aramac, 1928); guard (Aramac, 1930); baker (Rockhampton, 1936); radio mechanic (Barcaldine, 1943; Bundaberg, 1949-1963) - Relationships: son of James McGladdery Brown - note electoral roll addresses for Victor James precisely align with 4BJ addresses whereas those for James McGladdery do not

* [[/William Francis Brown|Brown, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-4DL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BB Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3BB Melbourne (Richmond, 1937); 9BB Wau, New Guinea (1938); 2ANP Sydney (Bundeena, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 704, 1930, Vic; COCP2 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: many contemporaneous WFBs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, Vic, 1937)

===''BROWNE''===

* [[/Brian Brandon Browne|Browne, Brian Brandon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2MJ-9C1] - 1908(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2UZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1933); 2UZ Goulburn (1934-1939); 2UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1954-1955); 1UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Goulburn, NSW, 1934-1943); engineer (Ainslie, ACT, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert John Vincent Browne|Browne, Robert John Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLZ-BY6] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4RB Brisbane (Toowong, 1925-1939; New Farm, 1946-1956; Dorrington, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 92, 1925, No. 10 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, 1936-1937); mechanic (Clevedon, 4QN, 1943); technician (New Farm, 1949-1954); teacher (Dorrington, 1958-1968)

===''BROWNBILL''===

* [[/William Albert Brownbill|Brownbill, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2V-81D] - 1919(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Geelong (1936-1939, 1947-1960); 3ABU Portable Geelong (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1707, 1936, Vic; BOCP 249, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BROWNHILL''===

* [[/William Brownhill|Brownhill, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4R-CSM] - 1924(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AWB Melbourne (East Preston, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2823, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Preston, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BROWNLEE''===

* [[/Thomas Denham Brownlee|Brownlee, Thomas Denham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-QKD] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1936; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1947-1950; Roseville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 859, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP3 6744, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1931); mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Woollahra, NSW, 1937); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963); engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROWNLESS''===

* [[/Sidney Frank Brownless|Brownless, Sidney Frank &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-M5S] - 1915(Eng)-1995(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); military (WW2, RAF, radar research); clubs &amp; societies (IREE); author (&quot;The Sharing of Television Channels&quot;, ABCB, 1973 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, 1954-1980)

===''BRUCE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7XP-MLH] - 1879(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XABR Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/George Thomas Bruce|Bruce, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLR-GQM] - 1914(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2GT Tumut (1932-1938); 2GT Sydney (Bexley, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1946-1955; Loftus, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 971, 1932, NSW; COCP2 282, 1939; COCP1 328, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tumut, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1954); civil servant (Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968); public servant (Loftus, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/George William Bruce|Bruce, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPX-XN9] - 1913(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5GB Adelaide (Prospect, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1925, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Robert Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR18-SKL] - 1900(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5BJ Adelaide (Glenelg, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 357, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert William Bruce|Bruce, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTC-Z1J] - 1899(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926-1928; East Malvern, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 283, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1926; Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1967)

* [[/Stanley Melbourne Bruce|Bruce, Stanley Melbourne &quot;S.M.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLB-86Z] - 1883(Vic)-1967(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (prime minister, 1923-1929) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Stanley_Bruce|Wikipedia]]

===''BRUMHEAD''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Brumhead|Brumhead, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17Y-P6T] - 1901(Eng)-1982(SA) - Licences: 3TV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939); 5TV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1947-1954; Heathpool, 1955-1969 - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 94, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (East Melbourne, Vic, 1925; Camberwell, Vic, 1926-1927); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943)

===''BRUNSDEN''===

* [[/Herbert Thomas Brunsden|Brunsden, Herbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NR-JJR] - 1909(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2BX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 649, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 258, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Leichhardt, 1930-1937) - Comment: Gone too soon

===''BRYCE''===

* [[/Ramsay Auld Bryce|Bryce, Ramsay Auld]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH9T-FL2] - 1914(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AB Ipswich (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4AB Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1954-1969); 4AC Portable Ipswich (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1935, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (North Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio serviceman (North Ipswich, Qld, 1943); theatre proprietor (Palm Beach, Qld, 1949); showman (Palm Beach, Qld, 1954-1958); projectionist (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BRYDEN-BROWN''===

* See Brown, especially George Henry Bryden-Brown

===''BRYSON''===

* [[/Royal William Bryson|Bryson, Royal William &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ9P-5KJ] - 1886(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJJ Melbourne (Richmond, 1913); 3JM Receive Melbourne (Kew, 1922-1923); 3JM Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 50, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, 1914-1916); electrical fitter (Kew, 1919-1937); electrician (Croydon, 1943-1954)

===''BUCHANAN''===

* [[/Cyril Buchanan|Buchanan, Cyril]] - 19??(Australia)-19??(???) - Licences: Tulagi, Solomon Islands (1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/n5664/html/ch03.xhtml ANU-Tulagi History]; [https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2019-09/apo-nid262811.pdf Tulagi, Pacific Outpost of British Empire] 

* [[/Douglas Ancelon Buchanan|Buchanan, Douglas Ancelon &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LJ-HLX] - 1913(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2ABT Yerrinbool (1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1596, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Yerrinbool, NSW, 1935-1937)

* [[/Norman Thomas Oswald Buchanan|Buchanan, Norman Thomas Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84K-B7C] - 1912(Qld)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Manly, 1928-1939); 2ANB Sydney (Bondi, 1948; Kingsford, 1950); 3AND Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1954; Rosanna, 1955-1956); 3BNU Maldon (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 466, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Manly, 1934-1935); sound engineer (Manly, 1936); engineer (North Sydney, 1943; Heidelberg, 1954-1963; Rosanna, 1968; Heidelberg, 1972; Rosanna, 1977); retired (Castlemaine, 1980)

===''BUCK''===

* [[/Albert Hector Buck|Buck, Albert Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-PC3] - 1905(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3TM Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1923); 3TM Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1924-1926; Glenferrie, 1927; East Preston, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1937); 3TM Terang (1938-1939); 3TM Shepparton (1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 138, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: father of 3ZMX &amp; 3AAD Edwin David Buck, don't confuse with Albert Thomas Buck (Qld) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenferrie, 1927-1928); mechanic (Glenferrie, 1931; Hawthorn, 1937); electrician (Terang, 1943)

* [[/Albert Thomas Buck|Buck, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Z9K-CXG] - 1892(Eng)-1973(Eng) - Licences: 4CW Receive Brisbane (Geebung, 1923); 4CW Brisbane (Geebung, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 281, 1926, No. 24 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Kedron, 1931-1934); wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, 1933) - don't confuse with 3TM Albert Hector Buck

* [[/Edwin David Buck|Buck, Edwin David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNC-4JQ] - 1929(Vic)-2010(Vic) - 3ZMX Melbourne (Thornbury, 1965-1969, 3AAD Melbourne (Thornbury, 1975-1980), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Vic), son of 3TM Albert Hector Buck

===''BUCKERFIELD''===

* [[/Sidney Roy Buckerfield|Buckerfield, Sidney Roy &quot;Buck&quot; &amp; &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGS-S7N] - 1904(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5DA Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5DA Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Evandale, 1928-1931; Knoxville, 1933-1939; St Morris, 1947-1948+); 5DA Crystal Brook (1954-1956); 5DA Adelaide (Brighton Gardens, 1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 32, 1924, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 163, 1938; 1COCP 1557, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (5DN, 5CK, 5DR, 5AN, 5ABCFM); public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Knoxville, 1939) - TroveTag: &quot;5DA - Sidney Roy Buckerfield&quot;

===''BUCKINGHAM''===

* [[/Cyril Hugo Buckingham|Buckingham, Cyril Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8L-NP8] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3QU Melbourne (Maidstone, 1947-1956; West Footscray, 1960; Albion, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2288, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1712, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954); mechanic (Footscray North, Vic, 1963); TV mechanic (Albion, Vic, 1967; Sunshine, Vic, 1972-1977); mechanic (Sunshine North, Vic, 1980)

===''BUCKIE''===

* [[/Alan Carson Buckie|Buckie, Alan Carson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-8QC] - 1909(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6AB Perth (Nedlands, 1936-1939; Claremont, 1947-1948; Dalkeith, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1682, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1963)

===''BUGG''===

* [[/Charles Robert Bugg|Bugg, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-Q8K] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 11, 1936, Vic -  - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Geelong, 1942)

===''BUILDER''===

* [[/Geoffrey Builder|Builder, Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM6S-FBL] - 1906(WA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - physicist; radio engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, 1931; physicist (Haberfield, 1935; Ashfield, 1937; Burwood, NSW, 1943-1958) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/builder-geoffrey-9617 ADB]

===''BULL''===

* [[/Francis George Bull|Bull, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB9W-CFP] - 1904(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4MA Brisbane (Fairfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1674, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Stones Corner, Qld, 1926-1928; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1934; Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); military forces (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Hans Bull|Bull, Frederick Hans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR14-174] - 1907(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AJM Sydney (Northbridge, 1938; Epping, 1939; Chatswood, 1946-1950; Pymble, 1954-1958; Killara, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965; St Ives, 1969); 2AJM Chittaway Point, 1975 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2088, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Sydenham, NSW, 1930); clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Lewisham, NSW, 1933); traveller (Northbridge, NSW, 1936-1937); accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1943); credit accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958); credit manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Herbert Phillip Bull|Bull, Herbert Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC9-M33] - 1921(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4HP Brisbane (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ET Brisbane (Virginia, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2247, 1938, Qld; BOCP 405, 1941; COCP1 636, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Manly, Qld, 1949-1954); pest exterminator (Ipswich, Qld, 1954); wood machinist (Virginia, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/J. F. Bull|Bull, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4FH Mackay (-1949-1967+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), associate member I.R.E. Aust.

===''BULLING''===

* [[/William John Bulling|Bulling, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Y9-S95] - 1914(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5KX Adelaide (Grange, 1935-1939; Kirkcaldy, 1947-1954; Kings Park, 1955-1975); 5KX Wasleys (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1527, 1935, SA; BOCP 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Kirkcaldy, 1939-1943)

===''BULLIVANT''===

* [[/William Norman Bullivant|Bullivant, William Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJK-X8B] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Receive Albury (1923-1924); 2WB Albury (1925-1930); 2WB West Wyalong (1931-1934); 2BC Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950; Bellevue Hill, 1954-1969; Kingsford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 167, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 319, 1940) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Jerilderee, NSW, 1930); postal clerk (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1954; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1972; Kingsford, NSW, 1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2PR-2WB - William Norman Bullivant&quot;

===''BULLOCK''===

* [[/Albert Frederick Wright Bullock|Bullock, Albert Frederick Wright &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4K-44G] - 1900(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ZX Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Camp Hill, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1109, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (East Brisbane, Qld, 1925); storeman (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BULMAN''===

* [[/Reginald Verne Bulman|Bulman, Reginald Verne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJWF-CY2] - 1912(Tas)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 7RL Stanley (1939, 1947-1955); 7RL Kings Meadows (1956); 7RL Stanley (1960); 7RL Gravelly Beach (1965-1969); 4YL Mt Isa (1975); 4YL Malanda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2345, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Legana, Tas, 1936-1937); soldier (Hobart, Tas, 1943); radio technician (Stanley, Tas, 1949-1954); technician (Moranbah, Qld, 1972; Ingham, Qld, 1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977); retired (Kureen via Malanda, Qld, 1980)

===''BUNN''===

* [[/Malcolm Keith Bunn|Bunn, Malcolm Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H61-NPY] - 1907(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1934-1939); 3LF Minyip (1947-1948); 3LF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1954; Kew, 1955-1960); 3SH Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1308, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1931); accountant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); storekeeper (Minyip, Vic, 1949); merchant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BUNTON''===

* [[/George Henry Bunton|Bunton, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGWV-YFR] - 1872(Eng)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Mosman, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Mosman, 1930-1954)

===''BURBIDGE''===

* [[/Philip Arthur Burbidge|Burbidge, Philip Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-7JL] - 1910(Eng)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1931); 2PB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 456, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Camberwell, 1934); manager (Bellevue Hill, 1943)

===''BURBURY''===

* [[/Eric Alfred Burbury|Burbury, Eric Alfred]] - 1894(Tas)-1976(NSW) - early wireless experimenter (Tasmania, unlicensed?), ship wireless operator (1910s), broadcast engineer (AWA, Koo-we-rup; 2FC, chief engineer), brother of Harry Keith Burbury
* [[/Harry Keith Burbury|Burbury, Harry Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - 1897(Tas)-1986(NSW) - engineer (PMGD), brother of Eric Alfred Burbury

===''BURCHELL''===

* [[/C. B. Burchell|Burchell, C. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADZ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURCHILL''===

* [[/Charles Burchill|Burchill, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-8PF] - 1894(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4EM Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1925; Surry Hills, NSW, 1930); fitter (Long Bay Camp, NSW, 1933; Surry Hills, NSW, 1934-1936; Harbord, NSW, 1937); watchman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''BURFORD''===

* [[/Walter Patrick Burford|Burford, Walter Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHM2-CD9] - 1912(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 5PB Naracoorte (1934-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1365, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BURGESS''===

* [[/George Thomas Burgess|Burgess, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W5-N95] - 1913(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5GC Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939; Henley Beach, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1233, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Henley, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas William Watkins Burgess|Burgess, Thomas William Watkins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDZP-X1R] - 1861(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: XDA Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Wagga Wagga, 1901-1903) - TroveTag: &quot;XDA - Thomas William Watkins Burgess&quot;

===''BURGHARD''===

* [[/Hermann August Bernhardt Burghard|Burghard, Hermann or Herman August Bernhardt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-7GW] - 1914(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 2ACL Deniliquin (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1536, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Gardiner, Vic, 1936); bank clerk (Deniliquin, NSW, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); m. vdr (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1969)

===''BURGOYNE''===

* [[/Francis James Burgoyne|Burgoyne, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-1VS] - 1876(Wales)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (VIY, 1913-?); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, South Townsville, 1919); postmaster (Concord, 1930); public servant (Homebush, 1930); postmaster (Homebush, 1933; Strathfield, 1935; Inverell, 1936; Bondi North, 1943)

===''BURING''===

* [[/Rudolph Buring|Buring, Rudolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51C-YVT] - 1906(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 7AX Receive Hobart (1922-1923); Receive Hobart (1923-1924); 7RB Hobart (1925-1933); 3RB Melbourne (Ballarat, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 102, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 166, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: university demonstrator (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Sale, 1936; Ballarat, 1936-1937); engineer (Kew, 1943-1972)

===''BURKE''===

* [[/Eric Keast Burke|Burke, Eric Keast]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S4N-N8X] - 1896(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XHO Sydney (Lindfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; signal corps (1916); WW1 (Light Motor Wireless, 1917; Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1918); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Killara, NSW, 1930-1968); manager (Killara, NSW, 1972) - Links: [[w:Eric Keast Burke|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/burke-eric-keast-9628 ADB]; [https://wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2016/20160818-1/index.php WIA]

* [[/Henry Edward Burke|Burke, Henry Edward &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VG-VX9] - 1906(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MN Sydney (Haberfield, 1934-1939); 2NM Sydney (Ashfield, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1269, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Haberfield, NSW, 1931-1937); traveller (Ashfield, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/R. Burke|Burke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (Elwood, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURKITT''===

* [[/Donald Burkitt|Burkitt, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GK-CXX] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3FP Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2417, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Warrandyte, Vic, 1928; Box Hill, Vic, 1931); bread carter (Doncaster, Vic, 1934-1943)

===''BURLEIGH''===

* [[/Maurice George Burleigh|Burleigh, Maurice George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-J6F] - 1912(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: 7MA Moorina (1938-1939, 1948); 7MA Launceston (1955-1960); 7JU Launceston (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2110, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Nelson, Tas, 1936); electrical engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1936); engineer (Power Station, Moorina, Tas, 1949; Marawaylee, Tas, 1954; Launceston, Tas, 1963)

===''BURMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Horatio Burman|Burman, Arthur Alfred Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-GDR] - 1903(Vic)-1936(Vic)32yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Richmond, 1923); 3CY  Melbourne (St Kilda, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1038, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Coburg, Vic, 1926); engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1928); talkie operator (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''BURMESTER''===

* [[/Otto Conrad Burmester|Burmester, Otto Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWN-7VX] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4OB Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1158, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 31, 1935; 1COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Toowong, Qld, 1943); PMG technician (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BURNETT''===

* [[/John Keith Burnett|Burnett, John Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-G9G] - 1898(SA)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 860, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 155, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Div. Signal Coy., 1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: book-keeper (West Perth, WA, 1921); farmer (Claverley via Norseman, WA, 1922-1925); clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1935); ledgerkeeper (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''BURNS''===

* [[/Claud Edward James Burns|Burns, Claud Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCLY-P7V] - 1893(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4ZY Kingaroy (1932-1939); 4ZY Innisfail (1946-1947); 4ZY Cairns (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 996, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: supervising technician (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''BURRAGE''===

* [[/John Allan Burrage|Burrage, John Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCW4-SLS] - 1916(Vic)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 3UW Melbourne (Deepdene, 1934-1937), 3UW (Shepparton, 1938-1939) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1322, 1934, Vic; BOCP 59, 1936; COCP1 291, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3SR); WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Shepparton, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/burrage-john-allan-400643/]

===''BURROWS''===

* [[/Alan Owen Burrows|Burrows, Alan Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNZG-V74] - 1901(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio correspondent (Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney Sun); proprietor Miss F. V. Wallace (Wireless Shop), 1927-1933; president Waverley Radio Club - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Waverley, 1930-1933) - Comment: Gone too soon

* [[/Ernest Walter Burrows|Burrows, Ernest Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-YQ8] - 1900(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DZ Geraldton (1924-1927); 2DZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 659, 1921; 1COCP 5, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technical assistant (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1949; Earlwood, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frederick Harold Burrows|Burrows, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-TKH] - 1894(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6BH Perth (Claremont, 1922-1924); 6BH Kalgoorlie (1925-1927); 6BF Perth (Beverley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 193, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgoorlie, 1916; Claremont, 1922; Kalgoorlie, 1925); headmaster (Beverley, 1937; Subiaco, 1943-1958); retired (Subiaco, 1963-1972)

* [[/John Charles Fry Burrows|Burrows, John Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKZ-LJ8] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJCD Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 251, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Kew, 1919-1931); representative (Bairnsdale, 1934); commercial (Kew, 1936-1937); superintendent (Caulfield, 1943-1954); manager (Toorak, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lindsay Thomas Burrows|Burrows, Lindsay Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT53-SNL] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3OB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1937; Essendon, 1938-1938; North Essendon, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 900, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTALL''===

* [[/James Evan Robert Burstall|Burstall, James Evan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W1-FCJ] - 1914(NSW)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2QR Sydney (Beecroft, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; West Pennant Hills, 1948-1955; Beecroft, 1956-1969); 2QR Swansea (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1166, 1933, NSW; COCP2 115, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Beecroft, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Swansea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTON''===

* [[/Leonard Raymond Burston|Burston, Leonard Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4B-NNB] - 1918(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3BV Wangaratta (1936-1939); 4BV Townsville (1947); 4LQ Amberley (1954); 2ALR Canberra (1955); 1ALR Canberra (1956); 3AZB Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960); 2AMG Sydney (French's Forest, 1965); 8AG Darwin (1969); 2BBV Blaxland (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1793, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (RAAF, Point Cook, Vic, 1942); RAAF (RAAF Station, Amberley, Qld, 1954; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); RAAF officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963); airman (RAAF, Darwin, NT, 1968); RAAF (Blaxland, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''BURTON''===

* [[/Arthur Reg Burton|Burton, Arthur Reg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-3HM] - 1899(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4FE Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1935-1936; City, 1937-1939; Highgate Hill, 1946-1948); 1FE Heard Island (1954-1955); 4FE Thursday Island (1955-1956); 4FE Normanton (1960); 4FE Labrador (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1563, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); broadcast technician; federal public servant (PMGD) - Relationships: Likely father of 4BM Arthur Henry Burton - Electoral Rolls: artist (Lutwyche, Qld, 1921); picture showman (Beenleigh, Qld, 1922-1926);  motor engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1931-1934; South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); diesel engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Fenton Burton|Burton, Ronald Fenton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-JK8] - 1918(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3IH Charlton (1936-1939); 3IH Melbourne (Essendon, 1948; Pascoe Vale, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1797, 1936, Vic; BOCP 361, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Glenroy, Vic, 1963-1967; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1972)

===''BUSCH''===

* [[/Reginald Talbot Busch|Busch, Reginald Talbot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ3-2P7] - 1907(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3LS Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1923); 3LS Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1939; North Essendon, 1946-1969; Strathmore, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 157, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 286, 1936; 1AOCP 3, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; research engineer (1942) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); research engineer (Essendon, 1942-1968); research (Strathmore, 1972-1977)

===''BUSH''===

* [[/Albert Melville Bush|Bush, Albert Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBB7-DFN] - 1893(Vic)-1964(Vic) - 3YY Bendigo (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 197, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental apprentice (Bendigo, 1914-1919); dentist (Bendigo, 1922-1963)

===''BUSHBY''===

* [[/Thomas Robert William Bushby|Bushby, Thomas Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2G5-KTN] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2TW Bulli (1927-1928); 2TW Sydney (Gladesville, 1929; Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1931-1933; Rose Bay, 1934; Bondi North, 1935-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 368, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 32, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1933); engineer (Rose Bay, 1934; Bellevue Hill, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1937; Kingsgrove, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Bexley, 1958-1963)

===''BUSHELL''===

* [[/Harold Bushell|Bushell, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKNT-PTQ] - 1917(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHG Sydney (Haberfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1961); 2AHG Sussex Inlet (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1969, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943-1958); technician (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BUTCHER''===

* [[/Eric William Butcher|Butcher, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-77S] - 1912(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4EB Brisbane (Lutwyche, 1931-1933; Kedron, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 871, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937); teacher (Grange, Qld, 1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''BUTLER''===

* [[/Alfred Lloyd Butler|Butler, Alfred Lloyd &quot;Lloyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLX-VQ7] - 1924(SA)-2024(SA)99yo - Licences: 5BR Adelaide (Prospect, 1947); 5BR Murray Bridge (1948-1960); 5BR Adelaide (Panorama, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2481, 1941; BOCP 475, 1942; AOCP1 49, 1947; TVOCP 244, 1960 - amateur operator; historian (SA amateur, SA broadcast) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/ldbutler/index.htm Personal Web Site];[https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/ QSL.NET]; [https://ahars.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/VALE-LLOYD-BUTLER.pdf AHARS Obit]; [https://www.wia.org.au/members/wiaawards/pubcomtechnical/ WIA Technical Award 2005]

* [[/Arthur Rogerson Butler|Butler, Arthur Rogerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H3X-61X] - 1889(NZ)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XADL Sydney (Belmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, CMF, 1915); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Belmore, NSW, 1913); real estate agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930-1933); estate agent (Gosford, NSW, 1934; Umina, NSW, 1936-1937; Ettalong Beach, NSW, 1949-1954; Orange Grove, NSW, 1958) - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified

* [[/Doug Butler|Butler, Doug]] -  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD, Telstra Broadcasting); historian (broadcast, Wikipedia) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/L. M. J. Butler|Butler, L. M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDC Singleton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

* [[/Richard Edmund Butler|Butler, Richard Edmund &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQX1-ZPZ] - 1926(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Senior federal public servant (PMGD), Deputy General Secretary ITU 1983-1989, Secretary General ITU 1983-1989 [https://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/ElectedOfficialBio.aspx?off=6]

* [[/William Fitzwalter Cotter Butler|Butler, William Fitzwalter Cotter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z96-6LL] - 1850(Qld)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XDD Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: house agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1913) - Comment: Likely experimenters one or more of his children - Links: [https://butlersutherland.wordpress.com/the-butler-family-from-cork/william-fitzwalter-butler-1850-1920/ Gene]

===''BUTLER-WOOD''===

* [[/Bertie Saywell Butler-Wood|Butler-Wood, Bertie Saywell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXJ2-18J] - 1894(NSW)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West End, Qld, 1919-1925); dentist (West End, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''BUTTERFIELD''===

* [[/George William Butterfield|Butterfield, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L77T-FCW] - 1903(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6GW Perth (South Perth, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 906, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Northam, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977)

===''BUTTERS''===

* [[/William Leslie Butters|Butters, William Leslie W.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2VQ7-BSV] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2WY Bermagui South (1928-1935); 2WY Sydney (Brooklyn, 1936-1938; Cronulla, 1939; Karuah, 1946-1947); 2WY Nambucca Heads (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 464, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Bermagui South, 1930; Brooklyn, 1936); clerk (Erskineville, 1943); retired (Nambucca Heads, 1949)

===''BUTTERWORTH''===

* [[/Cecil Butterworth|Butterworth, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLR-QDG] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Wallsend (1929-1930); 2BU Wallsend (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 540, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wallsend, 1936-1958); manufacturer (Wallsend, 1963-1972); engineer (Rankin Park, 1977-1980)

===''BUZACOTT''===

* [[/Albert Hardie Buzacott|Buzacott, Albert Hardie &quot;Hardie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7YK-QZ6] - 1914(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4UZ Toowoomba (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1242, 1934, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 260, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); radio operator (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Roma, Qld, 1949; Gympie, Qld, 1954-1972; Caloundra, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Norman Buzacott|Buzacott, Richard Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ82-8ZL] - 1909(WA)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3RB Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1926; Burwood, 1931; Camberwell, 1933); 2TD Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1936); 3TD Lubeck (1938-1939); 3TD Melbourne (Balwyn, 1946-1960); 3AUB Melbourne (Reservoir, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 298, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 61, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); broadcast engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1934-1935); engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1936); broadcast engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BYRNE''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Byrne|Byrne, Harold Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQX-32B] - 1884(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3UT Receive Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1923); 3HB Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1933); 3UB Melbourne (Brighton, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 183, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: railway employe (Seymour, Vic, 1909); telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1906; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1910); electrical engineer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1912-1914; Parkville, Vic, 1914-1919); engineer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1928); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''BYRNES''===

* [[/Ronald Byrnes|Byrnes, Ronald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OE Sydney (Crows Nest, 1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1143, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, several contemporaneous RBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''C'''==

===''CAGNEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cagney|Cagney, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-9HV] - 1909(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Rockhampton (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1386, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Palings, piano tuner); associate I.R.E. Aust - Electoral Rolls: musical instrument worker (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1980)

===''CAHILL''===

* [[/William Benjamin Vincent Cahill|Cahill, William Benjamin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP7K-GY5] - 1913(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VC Sydney (Rockdale, 1931-1939; Sutherland, 1946-1950; Sylvania, 1954; Sutherland, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 781, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Sutherland, NSW, 1943-1949; Sylnannia Heights, NSW, 1954; Sutherland, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CAIN''===

* [[/James Henry Cain|Cain, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKN2-48M] - 1866(Isle of Man)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a/g superintendent, Central Mission, Wesley Church, Melbourne, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Mooroopna, 1903; North Melbourne, 1909-1913; Carlton, 1914-1919; Glenferrie, 1921-1924; Auburn, 1924-1927; Kew, 1928-1937)

===''CALDECOTT''===

* [[/Henry William Spencer Caldecott|Caldecott, Henry William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-K3M] - 1908(Canada)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2SM Sydney (Manly, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928-1929; Manly, 1930-1931); 2DA Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 285, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 58, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Balgowlah, 1930-1968); engineer (Balgowlah, 1977-1980)- callsign 2SM withdrawn by PMGD for allocation to 2SM Sydney commercial broadcaster

===''CALDWELL''===

* [[/Aleck Stewart Caldwell|Caldwell, Aleck Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5SS-6BB] - 1903(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley North, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver -  Comment: During 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Donald Pavy Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Black Forest, SA, 1939); assistant (Erindale, SA, 1941-1943) 

* [[/Donald Pavy Caldwell|Caldwell, Donald Pavy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVC2-5NT] - 1907(SA)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 29, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: amateur broadcaster but never held licence in his name, during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Aleck Stewart Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Clapham, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frank David Caldwell|Caldwell, Frank David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FQ9] - 1907(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Bondi, 1930-1936; Concord, 1937; Bondi, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969); 2YF Katoomba (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 587, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 404, 1938; BOCP 186, 1938  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: employee Clyde Engineering Works (Burwood, 1930); mechanic (Bondi, 1936-1937; Waverley, 1949-1958; Bronte, 1963-1968)

* [[/Robert Ballantyne Caldwell|Caldwell, Robert Ballantyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2ZSH-LYB] - 1869(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: father of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell; brother of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: resident engineer (North Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Rupert Christian Caldwell|Caldwell, Rupert Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W3-897] - 1893(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1924); 2JO Sydney (Bondi Junction, 1928; Waverley, 1929-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1937; Bondi, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 415, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Waverley, 1930-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1936; Bondi Beach, 1937-1968); retired (Waverley, 1972; Bondi Beach, 1977; Malabar, 1980)

* [[/William Alexander Caldwell|Caldwell, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y4-P92] - 1881(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5DI Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: brother of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; uncle of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: nil (Glenelg, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CALETTI''===

* [[/Guido Caletti|Caletti, Guido &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-NV5] - 1900(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922; Newtown, 1922); 2CL Sydney (Newtown, 1923; Redfern, 1924; Annandale, 1924-1926; Punchbowl, 1927-1929; Penrose, 1930); 2AHV Sydney (Hurstville, 1938-1939, 1946-1950); licensed operator of 2ZF Newtown District Radio Club 1924 - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 649, 1921 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Punchbowl, 1930); mechanic (Bankstown, 1933); telephone mechanic (Hurstville, 1937-1949)

===''CALLABY''===

* [[/Clarence James Callaby|Callaby, Clarence James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBQ-38C] - 1910(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1934); 3BI Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 546, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Concord, 1933-1935); chemist (Croydon, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (West Ryde, 1943-1958); company director (St Ives, 1963-1968); director (St Ives, 1972-1977)

===''CALLAGHAN''===

* [[/Andrew Theodore Callaghan|Callaghan, Andrew Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7P4-H56] - 1896(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2NA Sydney (Coogee, 1931); 2NA Inverell (1933); 2NA Delungra (1933-1934); 2NA Sydney (Kensington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 733, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1 Australian Wireless Signal Co, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick East, NSW, 1930-1931); senior postal clerk (Inverell, NSW, 1932); postmaster (Delungra, NSW, 1933-1935; Coogee, NSW, 1937); public servant (Ainslie, ACT, 1943); manufacturer's representative (Longueville, NSW, 1949); representative (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Norman Callaghan|Callaghan, Leslie Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTN-LB3] - 1893(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 181, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 9, 1930 - radio telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); wireless engineer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1937); wireless inspector (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118882329 Trove Bio]

===''CALLANDER''===

* [[/Alexander Roy Callender|Callender, Alexander Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-L11] - 1914(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1947-1969; Murrumbeena, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2062, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972); admin officer (Carnegie, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CALLICK''===

* [[/Harold Victor Callick|Callick, Harold Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF4-P45] - 1898(Eng)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Herston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: surgical dresser (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1921-1925; Herston, Qld, 1937-1963; Alderley, Qld, 1943-1949; Herston, Qld, 1954-1958; Chermside, Qld, 1963); retired (Miami, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''CALLOW''===

* [[/Percival James Callow|Callow, Percival James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFB-TR6] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Albion, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Albion, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Glen Kedron, Qld, 1934; Kedron, Qld, 1936-1963); retired (Scarborough, Qld, 1968)

===''CALVERT''===

* [[/John Gibson Calvert|Calvert, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SQ-61Q] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2VT Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1509, 1935, NSW; COCP2 778, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Holbrook, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Sans Souci, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAMERON''===

* [[/A. R. Cameron|Cameron, A. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RC Adelaide (Leabrook, 1931-1938); 2AMK Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. Y. Cameron|Cameron, A. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman McIntyre Cameron|Cameron, Norman McIntyre]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ7-GNH] - 1906(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Casterton (1933-1939); 3NC Casterton (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1095, 1933, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Carapook, Vic, 1928-1954); farmer (Flagstaff Hill, Vic, 1963-1972); pastoral worker (Sandford, Vic, 1977); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Robert Milton Cameron|Cameron, Robert Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXL-HDJ] - 1907(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 3OT Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Malvern, 1924-1933); 2XV Sydney (Waverton, 1935; Cronulla, 1937-1939); 4CS Brisbane (Doomben, 1947; Archerfield, 1948); 3AC Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 112, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 87, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern East, 1931-1934); aeradio operator (Cooktown, 1943); surveyor (Prahran, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3OT-2XV-4CS-3AC - Robert Milton Cameron&quot;

===''CAMPBELL''===

* [[/Dallas Dwyer Campbell|Campbell, Dallas Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ32-236] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KU? Receive Ulmarra (1922-23); 2CU Ulmarra (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 5, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Ulmarra, NSW, 1932-1949); garage proprietor (Ulmarra, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Douglas Gilmore Campbell|Campbell, Douglas Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJBS-NDD] - 1888(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2JO Receive Kyogle (1922-1924); 2DG Kyogle (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 70, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bryan's Gap, NSW, 1913; Round Mountain, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1932; Limpinwood, NSW, 1933; Upper Crystal Creek, NSW, 1934-1937; Kyogle, NSW, 1949); Gardener (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1948); retired (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Frank Valentine Campbell|Campbell, Frank Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-CGN] - 1901(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4GC George Alfred Campbell - Electoral Rolls: wireless expert (South Brisbane, Qld, 1926); mechanic (Kedron, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Kedron, Qld, 1934-1954); electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Campbell|Campbell, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC4J-HG7] - 1849(Sct)-1930(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, South Yarra, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: director (Melbourne, 1903-1913; South Yarra, 1914-1919); chief executive (South Yarra, 1924-1928)

* [[/George Alfred Campbell|Campbell, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-C21] - 1894(Eng)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4GC Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1937-1939, 1947-1960); 4GC Mermaid Beach (1965-1975); 4GC Brisbane (Annerley, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2014, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Frank Valentine Campbell - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West End, Qld, 1925-1926; South Brisbane, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Annerley, Qld, 1968-1972; Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977)

* [[/James Campbell|Campbell, James]] - 1845(Sct)-1893(Vic) - proprietor of engineering business in Ballarat, politician in Victoria, Postmaster-General Victoria (Apr 1884 - Feb 1886)

* [[/John Alan Campbell|Campbell, John Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G2-9MW] - 1899(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDG Melbourne (Toorak, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Nagambie, Vic, 1924; &quot;Soho&quot;, Drysdale, Vic, 1928-1936) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/campbell-john-archibald-195 ADB]

* [[/Mervyn Richmond Campbell|Campbell, Mervyn Richmond &quot;Snow&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN43-2G2] - 1909(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MR Melbourne (Coburg, 1931-1939); 3MR Quambatook (1947); Clyde (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 857, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Air Force, POW) - Electoral Rolls: milker (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942); farmer (Clyde, Vic, 1949-1980) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qname=CAMPBELL&amp;qnum=9190 RAF Commands]

* [[/Neville Douglas Campbell|Campbell, Neville Douglas or Douglas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73C-WVG] - 1912(Tas)-2007(Tas) - Licences: 7NC Hobart (City, 1932-1939, 1946-1956; Sandy Bay, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 993, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (New Town, 1943; Sandy Bay, 1949-1958)

* [[/Robert Campbell|Campbell, Robert]] - 1917(???)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4RC Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1180, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, treasurer, QSL officer) - Comment: numerous contemporaneous RCs - Electoral Rolls: Nile yet identified

===''CANACOTT''===

* [[/George Webster Canacott|Canacott, George Webster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQF-G9B] - 1918(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ACM Sydney (Concord, 1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 168, 1938; COCP1 531, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: National Medal, 1977; Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry, 1977 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943); police constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1954; Concord, NSW, 1958); police sergeant (West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CANAVAN''===

* [[/John Canavan|Canavan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3D-L6T] - 1914(Eng)-2008(WA) - Licences: 6CN Perth (City, 1936-1939); 6ON Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1811, 1936, WA; BOCP 109, 1937; 1COCP 618, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1937; Maylands, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954; Port Hedland, WA, 1958; Bayswater, WA, 1963-1980)

===''CANNING''===

* [[/Frederick Gerald Canning|Canning, Frederick Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN36-NJ6] - 1900(Isle of Man)-1995(UK) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1931; Toorak, 1933-1937); 2AFW Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938; Greenwich, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 675, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Fitzroy, Vic, 1922-1924); constable (South Yarra, Vic, 1926-1928); radio engineer (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943); retired (Portsea, Vic, 1972-1977; Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''CANNON''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Cannon|Cannon, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3C-FHR] - 1899(Qld)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Cobden (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 852, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1943); clerk (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Holden Burtham Cannon|Cannon, Reginald Holden Burtham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HZY-K77] - 1920(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AMB Sydney (Lindfield, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2284, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1943; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; Brighton, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Ronald Fredrick Herrett Cannon|Cannon, Ronald Fredrick or Frederick Herrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7JW-T6L] - 1913(Tas)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7RC Wynyard (1932-1939); 3BRC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 946, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 97, 1937; 1COCP 473, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RAAFWR; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wynyard, 1936-1937); engineer (St Kilda, 1943); radio technician (Auburn, 1949; Hawthorn, 1954-1967); tv hirer (Hawthorn, 1968-1980)

===''CANSICK''===

* [[/Nathan Victor Charles Cansick|Cansick, Nathan Victor Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSJ-CXC] - 1907(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3VE Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3AK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 139, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1931); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937); physicist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''CANT''===

* [[/Alan Cant|Cant, Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGL-WCG] - 1899(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AIQ Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Dulwich Hill, 1946-1950; Hargrave Park, 1954; Padstow, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2003, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943-1949; Hargrave Park, NSW, 1954; Padstow, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAPE''===

* [[/Alfred Vincent Cape|Cape, Alfred Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L243-57P] - 1881(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XEH Grenfell (1912-1914); 2JU Receive Bathurst (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Tucklan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Leadville, NSW, 1932-1943); farmer (The Oaks, NSW, 1949-1954); no occupation (Campbelltown, NSW, 1958)

===''CAPSEY''===

* [[/Henry Capsey|Capsey, Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK9-N58] - 1906(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1936-1939; Forest Lodge, 1946-1948; Chester Hill, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1661, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: French polisher (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1937); radio (Annandale, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Glebe, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949-1968); radio trades (Chester Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CAREY''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Carey|Carey, Francis Joseph &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54V-PD3] - 1904(Qld)-1983(Qld) -  Licences: X?? Toowoomba (1911-1914); 4?? Toowoomba (1922-1923); 2AMI Sydney (Centennial Park, 1933-1939; North Sydney 1946-1954; Fairfield 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1152, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 122, 1938; COCP2 255, 1939 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio club member (QWI) - Halcyon: AOCP NSW 1925?? - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Parramatta North, NSW, 1936); wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1937); announcer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); engineer (Fairfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Thomas Carey|Carey, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y9-TZ8] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 19, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (St Kilda, 1913; West End, Townsville, 1919)

===''CARGILL''===

* [[/Norman Cargill|Cargill, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-S27] - 1917(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1480, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: press hand (Wentworthville, NSW, 1943-1954); radio mechanic (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Teleopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CARLYLE''===

* [[/Arthur Keith Hanham Carlyle|Carlyle, Arthur Keith Hanham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCM7-GD9] - 1909(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1939; East Preston, 1947-1948); - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 990, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Carlton North, Vic, 1931-1937); ironmonger (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''CARNAHAN''===

* [[/John Malcolm Carnahan|Carnahan, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4K-RZX] - 1915(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3BF Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939, 1947-1948; East Bentleigh, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1246, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1937-1949); supervisor (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''CARNE''===

* [[/Ronald Lewis Carne|Carne, Ronald Lewis &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-N3M] - 1910(Fiji)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4RP Hambledon Mill via Cairns (1935); 4RP Innisfail (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1186, 1933, Qld; 3COCP 429, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, 1936-1937); cane inspector (Sherwood, Qld, 1943); assistant cane inspector (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, Qld, 1949-1954); cane inspector (Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1954-1958); manager (Harwood Mill, Harwood Island, NSW, 1963; Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1968); retired (Bowen, Qld, 1972)

===''CARPENTER''===

* [[/Archibald John Carpenter|Carpenter, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPR-BJS] - 1900(WA)-1956(France) - Licences: No known licence - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 376, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Northam, WA, 1925-1936); instructor (South Perth, WA, 1943); firewood vendor (Whyalla, SA, 1948); teacher (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954)

* [[/Norman Dean Carpenter|Carpenter, Norman Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMS-CM8] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1933); 2RK Griffith (1935); 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1936); 2RK Murwillumbah (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 732, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 80, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CARRIE''===

* [[/F. Carrie|Carrie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Glanville, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CARROLL''===

* [[/Charles Michael Carroll|Carroll, Charles Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DK-LXW] - 1907(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CY Melbourne (Ormond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2038, 1937, Vic; COCP1 313, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Richmond North, Vic, 1931; Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1942); public servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Mount Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles William Joseph Carroll|Carroll, Charles William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-62J] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Sydney (Leichhardt, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 935, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 20, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934); radio inspector (Leichhardt, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

* [[/John McLaughlin Carroll|Carroll, John McLaughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DL-SZY] - 1910(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 3KF Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 961, 1932, Vic; COCP2 414, 1941; COCP1 1581, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Mordialloc, Vic, 1931-1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942); radio officer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); technician (Palmyra, WA, 1954-1963)

===''CARRUTHERS''===

* [[/Frederick Albert Carruthers|Carruthers, Frederick Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFR6-DNF] - 1905(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2PF Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923); 2PF Cowra (1933-1937); 2PF Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938-1939, 1946-1958); 2PF (Lismore, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1120, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moss Vale, NSW, 1930; Cowra, NSW, 1933-1936; Arncliffe, NSW, 1937-1958); stipendiary magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CARTER''===

* [[/Albert Edward Carter|Carter, Albert Edward &quot;Birdie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDL-5CB] - 1916(Qld)-2014(Qld) - Licences: 4LT Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 4LT Nanango (1954); 4LT Brisbane (Carina, 1955-1969); 4LT Sunshine Beach (1975); 4LT Tewantin (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2143, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); wholesale grocery (S. Hoffnung &amp; Co); WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AECs - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Nanango, Qld, 1954); departmental manager (Carina, Qld, 1958-1972); retired (Sunshine Beach, Qld, 1977; Tewantin, Qld, 1980))

* [[/Alfred Raymond Carter|Carter, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2W-TY5] - 1913(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AHH Sydney (Coogee, 1937-1938; Bondi, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1974, 1937, NSW; COCP2 672, 1942; COCP1 796, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943-1963); proprietor (Coogee, NSW, 1972); salesman (Ettalong, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Clarence Sydney William Carter|Carter, Clarence Sydney William]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5T1-TXL] - 1902(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Kensington, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Maylands, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 24, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glen Osmond, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Pell Carter|Carter, Frederick Pell or Peel (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-2BC] - 1899(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5GK Adelaide (Mile End, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 761, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service station proprietor (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Richard Carter|Carter, George Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYC-LC1] - 1909(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GC Camperdown (1933-1939); 3GC Melbourne (East Hawthorn, 1947-1956; Bulleen, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1098, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931; Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1936); salesman (Camperdown, Vic, 1937-1943); dental mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954); dental technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1972-1977) 

* [[/H. Carter|Carter, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Graceville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous HCs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Harry Raymond Carter|Carter, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G5-KJT] - 1911(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HC Armidale (1926-1927); 2HC Quirindi (1928-1939, 1946-1980+); 2BE Portable Quirindi (1933-1934); 2AI Portable Quirindi (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 286, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Quirindi, 1933-1980) - Callsign 2BE withdrawn by PMGD for 2BE Bega commercial

* [[/Walter Leslie Carter|Carter, Walter Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLK-3XG] - 1898(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2WL Sydney (Stanmore, 1925-1927; Punchbowl, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 450, 1919 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Campsie, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1933; Rose Bay, 1934-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''CARTY''===

* [[/Bruce Carty|Carty, Bruce]] - historian (broadcast, amateur broadcast), author &quot;Australian Radio History&quot;

===''CASE''===

* [[/Leslie Jonathan Case|Case, Leslie Jonathan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQN-W19] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMJ Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1939); 2MU Sydney (Unanderra, 1946-1955); 2MU Wollongong, 1955-1956); 2MU Sydney (Padstow, 1957; Beverley Hills, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 202, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1943); technician (Unanderra, NSW, 1954); salesman (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1977; Narwee, NSW, 1980)

===''CASS''===

* [[/Moses Henry Cass|Cass, Moses Henry &quot;Moss&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-NTP] - 1927(WA)-2022(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - doctor; driver for establishment of community radio and SBS Radio - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cass-moses-henry-moss-32316 Obituaries Australia]

===''CASSIDY''===

* [[/John Joseph Cassidy|Cassidy, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYZ-GYJ] - 1901(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3JC Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JJCs - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1934); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954)

===''CASTLE''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Castle|Castle, Clarence Henry &quot;Clarry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-7GR] - 1915(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5KL Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939); 5KL Darwin (1947-1948); 5KL Adelaide (Enfield Heights, 1954-1965; Enfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1209, 1933, SA; 2COCP 263, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CASWELL''===

* [[/Archibald Harold Caswell|Caswell, Archibald Harold &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-Y3X] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) -  Licences: 4CB Murgon (1934-1939); 4CB Maryborough (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1340, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (POW); business proprietor (garage) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954-1972); retired (Torquay, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CATFORD''===

* [[/Lester Evans Catford|Catford, Lester Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDD8-RCB] - 1911(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LC Gladstone (1931-1939, 1947); 5LC Adelaide (Malvern, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 789, 1931, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 357, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Lance Maynard Catford|Catford, Lance Maynard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQR-K2W] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5XL Clare (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2372, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: share farmer (Clare, SA, 1939)

===''CATHCART''===

* [[/Francis Cathcart|Cathcart, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK8-P99] - 1867(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XJDJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''CATT''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Catt|Catt, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JP-4LP] - 1905(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AD Sydney Five Dock, 1934); 2FU Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1297, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AD amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2AD Armidale commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1933); electrical engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935); installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); electrical installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1958); technical officer (Caringbah, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1977; Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

===''CAVANAGH''===

* [[/William Mortimer Cavanagh|Cavanagh, William Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-GPH] - 1908(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Warburton (1923-1924); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925); 2WC Sydney (Potts Point, 1928); 2WC Goulburn (1930); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Williamstown, 1937-1939); 2WC Wauchope (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 214, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 598, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Goulburn, NSW, 1930; St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934); radio dealer (Wauchope, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''CAVE''===

* [[/Norman Cave|Cave, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB7-G73] - 1898(Eng?)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1925-1926); operator of Wills &amp; Co Receive licence 1924 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 129, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF Wireless Operator); foundation member Tasmanian Gliding Club (instructor); returned to England 1931; likely Wing Commander RAF in WW2; possibly lost in SE Asia 1942 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWOOD''===

* [[/Greville Charles Cawood|Cawood, Greville Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXH-PPM] - 1903(NSW)-1994(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bellingen (1923); 2GC Ulong (1926); 2GC Dorrigo (1927-1928); 2ALC Sydney (Waverley, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWTHRON''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Cawthron|Cawthron, Edward Joseph &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBH-9SX] - 1908(NSW)-1964(SA) - Licences: 2JC Sydney (Concord, 1926-1933; Neutral Bay, 1931; Concord, 1933; Five Dock, 1933); 2VA Sydney (City, 1931); 2EJ Sydney (City, 1931); 5JC Adelaide (Kent Town, 1937-1939); 5JE Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954; Somerton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 308, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, 1943)

===''CECIL''===

* [[/Clyde Cecil|Cecil, Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN5-XYG] - 1898(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6AB Kalgoorlie (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 154, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener, Kalgoorlie) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Kalgoorlie, 1919); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, 1921-1925; Maylands, 1928-1937); metallurgist (Nedlands, 1943); physicist (Nedlands, 1949-1954); school principal (Triggs Island, 1958-1963)

===''CHADWICK''===

* [[/Richard Howel Chadwick|Chadwick, Richard Howel (Electoral Rolls) or Howell (BMD) &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3PQ-6HH] - 1896(NZ)-1955(Qld) - Licences: 4GU Brisbane (Wilston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1197, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (travelling salesman) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Zillmere, Qld, 1921); salesman (Wilston, Qld, 1925-1954)

===''CHAFFER''===

* [[/Edward Martin Chaffer|Chaffer, Edward Martin &quot;Martin&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1Z-B3P] - 1905(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1927); 6XF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1933); 2AEK Sydney (Potts Point, 1938); 3MH Hamilton (1947); 3MH Ballarat (1948); 3MH Swan Hill (1954); 3MH Melbourne (Preston, 1955-1956; Moonee Ponds, 1965-1969; Doncaster, 1975-1980) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 354, 1927, No. ?? in Vic; 3COCP 304, 1937; 2COCP 113, 1937; 1COCP 151, 1937 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIA Vic Essendon, treasurer, 1924), placed 2nd for best complete station Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1924; placed second for best complete station at Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1925; placed 10th in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926; broadcast engineer (3HA, 3BA, 3SH), Dept Civil Aviation 1930s, military (WW2, 1942+) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, 1942; Ballarat, 1949; Swan Hill, 1954; Preston, 1963); radio technician (Moonee Ponds, 1967-1968); retired (Doncaster, 1977-1980) - Relationships: father of 3AII Ken Chaffer

===''CHALLEN''===

* [[/Peter Robert Challen|Challen, Peter Robert]] - 1848(Eng)-1905(Vic) - early telephone, telephony &amp; wireless experimenter, employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Electrical Office &amp; Postmaster), radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), associate of Henry Walter Jenvey, William Philip Bechervaise &amp; George Smibert

===''CHALLENDER''===

* [[/Gerard Challender|Challender, Gerard &quot;Gerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CR-1DT] - 1910(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Merewether (1933); 2OF Sydney (Glebe, 1933; Broadmeadow, 1934); 2ZS Kempsey (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1076, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; high profile participation 1950 Kempsey floods; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Merewether, NSW, 1933; Broadmeadow, NSW, 1935; Homebush, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; West Kempsey, NSW, 1949);

===''CHALLENGER''===

* [[/George Reginald Challenger|Challenger, George Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3YQ-ZZB] - 1902(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Auburn, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;2GC - George Reginald Challenger&quot;

===''CHAMBERS''===

* [[/Francis Rupert Chambers|Chambers, Francis Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYY2-JKX] - 1898(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 247, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, 1924-1925); contractor (Geraldton, 1931; Mt Waverley, 1934-1936); linesman (Seaford, 1937; Frankston, 1942); technician (Frankston, 1949; Seaford, 1954); retired (Upwey, 1963; McRae, 1968)

* [[/Walter Alfred Chambers|Chambers, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3N6-VX1] - 1889(Qld)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 151, 1915; 2COCP 100, 1930; 1COCP 96, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Thursday Island, 1912-1913); radio telegraphist (Wyndham, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Subiaco, 1917); radio telegraphist (Esperance, 1921-1925); officer-in-charge (Geraldton, 1925); radio officer (Como, 1931-1934; Esperance, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Como, 1943-1968)

===''CHAMPION''===

* [[/Ellis Colin Clark Champion|Champion, Ellis Colin Clark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHH2-QXC] - 1916(Tas)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2CN Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938, 1946-1948); 2AVC Sydney (Ryde, 1955-1956; Pymble, 1957-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2113, 1938, NSW; BOCP 538, 1943; COCP2 779, 1943; COCP1 792, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Waverley, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Ryde, NSW, 1954); company director (Turramurra, NSW, 1968); director (Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CHANDLER''===

* [[/Alfred William Herbert Chandler|Chandler, Alfred William Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9L-WGV] - 1905(Vic)-2010(Vic)105yo - Licences: 3WH Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1931; Caulfield, 1933-1938); 3LC Melbourne (Malvern, 1956; Armadale, 1960; Glen Iris, 1965-1975; Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 874, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); merchant (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1968; Glen Iris, 1972-1977) - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/johnchandler/documents/My%20Baptist%20Forebares.pdf Full Radio Biography]

* [[/Edward James Chandler|Chandler, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSM-3P1] - 1910(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Townsville (1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2384, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belgian Gardens, Qld, 1931-1949); business manager (Rosslea Estate, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry George Chandler|Chandler, Henry George or George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9K-PF9] - 1909(Eng)-19??(Vic?) - Licences: 3AC Ballarat (1933); 3AC Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1142, 1929; 2COCP 158, 1938; BOCP 190, 1938; 1COCP 301, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1937); airman (Coburg West, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Beals Chandler|Chandler, John Beals]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HN-HXH] - 1887(Eng)-1962(Qld) - principal (4BC); proprietor (J. B. Chandler &amp; Co., 1913-1962); Lord Mayor Brisbane (1940-1952); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - don't confuse D. W. Chandler early wireless experimenter - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chandler-sir-john-beals-9724 ADB]

* [[/R. Chandler|Chandler, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Newtown, 1923); 2193 Sydney (Newtown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHANNON''===

* [[/H. D. Channon|Channon, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2BO Receive Inverell (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Lloyd Lister Channon|Channon, Lloyd Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD59-4NS] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Receive Manilla (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Elsmore, 1913); postal official (Raymond Terrace, 1930-1949)

===''CHAPMAN''===

* [[/Austin Chapman|Chapman, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYW-3F4] - 1864(NSW)-1926(NSW) - occupations (apprentice saddler, hotelier), politician (Postmaster-General, 1905-1907), oversight of Commonwealth Wireless Telegraphy conference Melbourne 1907 - Links: [[w:Austin Chapman|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chapman-sir-austin-5554 ADB]

* [[/Bruce Amundsen Chapman|Chapman, Bruce Amundsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-575] - 1912(WA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BA Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1958; St Ives, 1960-1969 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 696, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Chatswood, 1935-1937); clerk (Balgowlah, 1949-1958; St Ives, 1963-1968)

* [[/E. B. Chapman|Chapman, E. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank William Chapman (Qld)|Chapman, Frank William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC5-KB3] - 1898(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4XL Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939); 4ZFC Brisbane (Ekibin, 1965); 4TH Brisbane (Ekibin, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 785, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Salisbury, Qld, 1928); labourer (Yeronga, Qld, 1929-1937); waterside worker (Paddington, Qld, 1943-1949); PMG technician (Ekibin, Qld, 1954-1972)

* [[/Frank William Chapman (WA)|Chapman, Frank William (WA)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXD-TFK] - 1918(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CC Perth (Manning Park, 1954-1965; Bassendean, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3319, 1953, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Chidlow, WA, 1949); teacher (Manning Park, WA, 1954-1963); technical school principal (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1963); teacher (Bassendean, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1980)

* [[/Harrison Chapman|Chapman, Harrison &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-2C5] - 1909(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1922); 3GU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1929-1939, 1946-1965; Flinders, 1965-1975; Hawthorn, 1980+); 3AGU Portable Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1948-1956; Flinders, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 513, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1AOCP 32, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, 1931-1936); chemist (Geelong, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942; Ivanhoe, 1949-1954); chemical engineer (Ivanhoe, 1963); minister of religion (Flinders, 1968); clergyman (Flinders, 1972-1977)

* [[/Michael Nason Chapman|Chapman, Michael Nason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-JCB] - 1881(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XAAR Springwood (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1930-1937); no occupation (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1943) - Comment: Beware another contemporaneous Michael Nason Chapman in Sydney district

* [[/Owen George Chapman|Chapman, Owen George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YX-YLK] - 1904(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2OC Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 669, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wyong, 1930-1958)

* [[/Percival Carnew Lamont Chapman|Chapman, Percival Carnew Lamont &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-5M8] - 1911(Qld)-2008(Qld) - 4PC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1933); 4PC Babinda (1937-1939); 4PC Monto (1946-1975); 4PC Point Vernon (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1155, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); occupation (power house engineer/manager) - Relationships: father of Geoff Chapman 4CET - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1943; Monto, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Point Vernon, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Chapman|Chapman, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZ2X-8KG] - 1890(Tas)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 116, 1915; 1COCP 63, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal wireless operator; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1925); officer-in-charge (Radio Station Applecross, 1931-1954)

===''CHAPPELL''===

* [[/Lloyd Arthur Chappell|Chappell, Lloyd Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69G-SB9] - 1911(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7LC Ross (1936-1937); 7LC Winnaleah (1938-1939); 7LC Hobart (Kingston, 1947-1955; Sandy Bay, 1956-1975; Coles Bay, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1828, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 172, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ross, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Queenstown, 1943; Kingston, 1949-1958)

===''CHARLES''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Charles|Charles, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QC-V3V] - 1916(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5YQ Adelaide (North Unley, 1935-1939; Unley, 1947-1948; Ascot Park, 1954-1956; Hyde Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1443, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Unley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Gordon Bendall Charles|Charles, Gordon Bendall Hura?]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-G7Z] - 1911(NZ)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Coogee, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1258, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Coogee, NSW, 1932-1943); radio technician (Coogee, NSW, 1949-1963); liaison officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''CHARLESWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald Denison Charlesworth|Charlesworth, Reginald Denison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1M-CKJ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2CI Receive Sydney (Haberfield, 1922); 2CI Sydney (Haberfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: migrated to Fiji mid 1920s, returned to Australia mid 1930s - Electoral Rolls: factory manager (Summer Hill, 1933); engineer (Haberfield, 1935-1937); Lane Cove, 1943); radio engineer (Dee Why, 1949-1954); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1958-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2CI - Reginald Denison Charlesworth&quot;

===''CHARLTON''===

* [[/Noel Benson Charlton|Charlton, Noel Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCF9-CLT] - 1897(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: XII Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''CHARTERIS''===

* [[/Michael Charteris|Charteris, Michael]] - 4QS Ipswich &amp; Maryborough - amateur operator, historian (amateur)

===''CHATFIELD''===

* [[/Robert Greatham Chatfield|Chatfield, Robert Greatham &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK92-9L1] - 1900(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: ZL2AV Wellington (1925-1954+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 1925, No. ?? in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clubs (Wellington Amateur Radio Club 2WB, member and one time president) - Relationships: father of Don Chatfield ZL2SG - QSLs: substantial early portion (100+) of QSL collection survives - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wellington, 1922); salesman (Wellington, 1931-1954); retired (Wellington, 1963-1972)

===''CHATTERTON''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Chatterton|Chatterton, Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZWW-952] - 1902(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: 7AY Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hobart, 1925-1928)

===''CHAUVEL''===

* [[/Walter Temple Frank Chauvel|Chauvel, Walter Temple Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH5T-WNQ] - 1902(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Stanthorpe (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1925-1928); grazier (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1928-1943); radio engineer (Texas, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''CHEEL''===

* [[/Charles Reginald Cheel|Cheel, Charles Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N1J-PTC] - 1890(Vic)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5CR Adelaide (Maylands, 1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1278, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHEN''===

* [[/Paul Chen|Chen, Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDP-4H6] - 1913(China)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2063, 1937, Vic; BOCP 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHENNELL''===

* [[/Victor Chennell|Chennell, Victor &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBH-1XV] - 1907(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5JH Adelaide (Norwood, 1927-1933; Cowandilla, 1937-1939; North Adelaide, 1946-1956; Ascot Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 346, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer? (Goodwood Park, 1939)

===''CHESSELL''===

* [[/John Carl Chessell|Chessell, John Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2M1-9GS] - 1900(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 3JW Receive Melbourne (Surry Hills, 1922); 2LV Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1929-1934); 2YU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1935-1936; Ashfield, 1937-1939); 2AFL Sydney (Careel Bay, 1948-1950); 2ER Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1948-1950); 2BJC Sydney (Ashfield, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 517, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1921); electrician (Lewisham, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (The Esplanade, NSW, 1949; Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Ashfield, NSW, 1980)

===''CHESTERFIELD''===

* [[/John Henry Chesterfield|Chesterfield, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVH-3SK] - 1895(Vic)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Wayville, 1924-1926); 2ACQ Sydney (Strathfield, 1937-1939); 4HJ Brisbane (Cleveland, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 23, 1914; 1COCP 266, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1931-1935); department manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, 1936; Pymble, NSW, 1943; Cleveland, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''CHICK''===

* [[/Keith Ferdinand Chick|Chick, Keith Ferdinand or Ferdernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6P4-SHY] - 1907(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3FV Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2015, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Aspendale, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1934-1949); army (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954); army officer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Garth Chick|Chick, Leonard Garth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SW-7PJ] - 1918(Tas)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 7LG Launceston (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1973, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 227, 1939; 2COCP 550, 1941; 1COCP 1264, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Swan Point, 1944); aeradio operator (Lindisfarne, 1949); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954); draftsman (East Keilor, 1963-1968); surveyor (Forster, 1977-1980)

===''CHILTON''===

* [[/Frederick Oliver Chilton|Chilton, Frederick Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-XFL] - 1905(NSW)-2007(NSW)102yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Wahroonga, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 147, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receive operator; military (Brigadier); awards (Knighted) - Relationships: brother of 2RC Robert Ralph Chilton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943); civil servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Clareville Beach, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Frederick Oliver Chilton|Wikipedia]]

* [[/George Frederick Chilton|Chilton, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CR-41Q] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1924; Carlingford, 1925); 4GD Townsville (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 160, 1915; 1COCP 10, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal operator (VIG, VIB, VIS, VIT, Rockbank); wireless telegraphist (PMG); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917); federal public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1919-1921); radio stationmaster (South Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenferrie, 1927; Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1942); engineer (St Kilda, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert Ralph Chilton|Chilton, Robert Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-821] - 1907(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1925-1926); 2RC Gloucester (1927); 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1928-1939, 1946-1947; Roseville East, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 152, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist assistant (Wahroonga, 1933); chemist (Stanthorpe, 1954-1963; Sherwood, Qld, 1972) - Relationships: brother of Frederick Oliver Chilton

===''CHILVER''===

* [[/Gwenneth Mary Chilver|Chilver formerly Churchward nee Holland, Gwenneth Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-KH6] - 1923(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3US Leongatha (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3894, 1960, Vic - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3DI James Daniel Chilver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Leongatha South, Vic, 1954); home duties (Vermont, Vic, 1958; Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968) 

* [[/James Daniel Chilver|Chilver, James Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-V7Y] - 1913(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DI Tarwin (1936-1937); 3DI Leongatha (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1790, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Husband of 3US Gwenneth Mary Chilver - Electoral Rolls: farming (Tarwin, Vic, 1936-1937; Leongatha, 1943-1954); sales (Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''CHINERY''===

* [[/Jessie Camelia Chinery|Chinery or Chinnery, Jessie Camelia]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMP-6NZ] - 1915(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6JC Perth (Welshpool, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1866, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Welshpool, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''CHINNER''===

* [[/Harry Edward Chinner|Chinner, Harry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVJ7-SXT] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Sydney (Randwick, 1933-1939; Maroubra, 1946-1954; Kirrawee, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1081, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 142, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: contractor (East Maitland, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Randwick North, NSW, 1931-1937); foreman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1954); supervisor (Kirrawee, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CHIPPINDALL''===

* [[/Eric Kellett Chippindall|Chippindall, Eric Kellett &quot;Chippy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFCB-MNZ] - 1916(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939); 4XR Gympie (1946-1969); 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1940, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4SB, 4BU, 4LG, 4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1949); announcer-engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1954-1958); shopkeeper (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Chippindall|Chippindall, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTT-PJC] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3VU Melbourne (Coburg West, 1933-1939); 4VU Brisbane (Northgate, 1947-1948); 3VU Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1238, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1942; Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CHISHOLM''===

* [[/Graham St Clair Chisholm|Chisholm, Graham St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX47-TTR] - 1915(Qld)-2002(WA) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933); 3ACG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1948); 5PG Darwin (1955-1956); 1AB Canberra (Canberra City, 1960; Ainslie, 1965); 6IB Perth (Dalkeith, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1101, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 18, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (3SR, Shepparton, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1954); broadcaster (Reid, ACT, 1958; Ainslie, ACT, 1963; Dalkeith, WA, 1968-1972); manager (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

===''CHITHAM''===

* [[/William Norman Chitham|Chitham, William Norman &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-KJK] - 1912(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4UU Brisbane (Bulimba, 1933-1934; Fortitude Valley 1937-1939; Cannon Hill, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 913, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor, QSL officer); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cannon Hill, 1949-1963); buyer (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''CHOATE''===

* [[/Roger Sidney Choate|Choate, Roger Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQX-RW3] - 1913(Irl)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6RK Harvey (1930-1933); 6RK Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6RK Dardanup (1947); 6RK Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1956; Salters Point, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 714, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 42, 1936; 3AIR 1121, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Squadron Leader) - Awards: Military Division OBE [[w:1964_Birthday_Honours|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1937; Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Melville, WA, 1943); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); surveyor (Salters Point, WA, 1963-1968; Manning, WA, 1972-1977) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1513688 AWM] [https://www.ozatwar.com/raaf/shepherdshillradar.htm OzAtWar]

===''CHOULES''===

* [[/George Henry Choules|Choules, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK5-XZF] - 1902(Eng)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Homebush, 1937-1938; Enfield, 1939); 3AHB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East Malvern, 1954-1965; Blairgowrie, 1969; St Andrews, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1972; St Andrews, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CHOY''===

* [[/Howe Choy|Choy, Howe]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAG Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHRISMAS''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Chrismas|Chrismas, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YC-FC2] - 1892(NSW)-1950(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 250, 1916; 1COCP 31, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916); wireless operator (Wyndham, 1917; Applecross, 1925); radio telegraphist (Broome, 1931; Geraldton, 1936-1949)

===''CHUGG''===

* [[/Richard Chugg|Chugg, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q9V-D49] - 1858(Sct)-1925(Vic) - Licences: XOQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: art dealer (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915)

===''CHURN''===

* [[/George Churn|Churn, George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XG Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 897, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified; Surname may be misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CIALLELLA''===

* [[/Rebecca Michelle Ciallella|Ciallella, Rebecca Michelle]] - historian (broadcast); author - Links: [https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40783/  The Shaping of a Voice: The Early Years of 6WF]

===''CLAFFEY''===

* [[/Keighran James Claffey|Claffey, Keighran James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84R-LLP] - 1903(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Deniliquin (1928-1939); 2AK Picton (1946); 2AK Deniliquin (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 459, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarrandale, 1949; Deniliquin, 1954; Yarrandale, 1958-1963); retired (Deniliquin, 1977-1980)

===''CLARK''===

* [[/Allan Bernard Clark|Clark, Allan or Alan or Allen Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-VV3] - 1912(???)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ALO Martins Creek (1939); 2ALO Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1965; Wiley Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2257, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1935); fettler (Werris Creek, NSW, 1936; Hornsby, NSW, 1943; Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1968); rail examiner (Lakemba, NSW, 1972-1977); doorman (Lakemba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Francis Thomas Clark|Clark, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-CJH] - 1903(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3FC Rainbow (1928); 3FC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933; Elwood, 1937; St Kilda, 1938); 3FC Mildura (1946-1947); 3FC Ouyen (1948-1960); 3FC Geelong (Leopold, 1969; Clifton Springs, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 426, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Rainbow, 1925); postal clerk (Rainbow, 1928); clerk (St Kilda, 1931-1937); senior postal clerk (Red Cliffs, 1942); postmaster (Ouyen, 1949-1954); retired (Clifton Springs, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank P. R. Clark|Clark, Frank P. R.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFG-WRN] - 1900(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924); 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1925) - Qualifications: AOCP 122, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: gone too soon - Trovetag: &quot;2YF - Frank P. R. Clark&quot;

* [[/J. Clark|Clark or Clarke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Vaucluse, 1934; Dee Why, 1935; CBD, 1936-1939, 1947); 2DZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948); 2DZ Merewether (1950-1954); 2DZ Newcastle (Adamstown, 1955-1961; Beresfield, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leopold Francis Clark|Clark, Leopold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273Q-3D5] - 1902(Tas)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7CK Natone (1932-1939); 7CK Burnie (1946-1948); Deloraine (1954-1969); Lanena (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 989, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Natone, 1928-1936; Burnie, 1943-1949); grazier (Needles, 1954; Deloraine, 1963)

* [[/Raymond John Clark|Clark, Raymond John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWS-RGF] - 1910(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3VO Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2359, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fish merchant (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-1967)

===''CLARKE''===

* [[/Albert Irvin Keith Clarke|Clarke, Albert Irvin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1L-D6Z] - 1896(WA)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2IC Sydney (Earlwood, 1931-1939, 1946-1975; Narrabeen, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 729, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coach builder (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1972); retired (Narrabeen, NSW, 1977)

* [[/F. P. R. Clarke|Clarke, F. P. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Gunner Clarke|Clarke, Gunner]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFN Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Ross Clarke|Clarke, James Ross]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 962, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRCs - Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Percival Fraser Clarke|Clarke, Percival Fraser &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ3-4J2] - 1896(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4PY Ayr (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1781, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jarvisfield, Qld, 1919-1937; Aspley, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/R. Clarke|Clarke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Auburn, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Allan Clarke|Clarke, Reginald Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MC-GMQ] - 1919(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2213, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Warren Cecil Clarke|Clarke, Warren Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1G-MDD] - 1928(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ASM Sydney (Brookvale, 1947; Broadway, 1948-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1955; Brookvale, 1956-1961; Balgowlah, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2836, 1948, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Pyrmont, NSW, 1949); press photographer (Dee Why, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); photographer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Warren Ross Clarke|Clarke, Warren Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NT-LSN] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Mosman,1930-1933; Asquith, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: AOCP 650, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 6, 1934; 1COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Asquith, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1936); radio officer (Mosman, 1943); flight radio officer (Mosman, 1949-1954); clerk (Glenbrook, 1963); travel consultant (Glenbrook, 1972); clerk (Merrylands, 1972); planner (North Rocks, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Clarke|Clarke, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ2-1QS] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 32, 1930 - RANRS (temp Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: several contemporaneous WGCs - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Townsville, 1916); seaman (HMAS Encounter, Geelong, 1919); biograph operator (Langwarrin Military Camp, Vic, 1919); hotel manager (Naval Base Hotel, South Fremantle, 1931)

===''CLAY''===

* [[/Richard George Clay|Clay, Richard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZZ-LGN] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Northcote, 1929; Alphington, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 536, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Northcote, 1925-1927); welder (Northcote, 1928); electric welder (Alphington, 1931); welder (Richmond, 1936-1937; Alphington, 1942; Northcote, 1949); contractor (Traralgon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Henry Victor Clay|Clay, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-CN9] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Sydney (Maroubra, 1932-1933; Ryde, 1933-1934; Gladesville, 1935; Ryde, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 943, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 428, 1933; COCP1 509, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1933); constable (Ryde, NSW, 1934-1943); sawmiller (North Ryde, NSW, 1949); technician (Dural, NSW, 1958); radio technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1963; Oakville, NSW, 1968); grazier (Nabiac, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Iluka, NSW, 1980)

===''CLAYTON''===

* [[/Maisie Ian Jesson Clayton|Rawson nee Clayton, Maisie Ian Jesson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RT-25P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 488, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Artarmon, 1937); engineer (Kirribilli, 1949); radio engineer (Lane Cove, 1954-1963); engineer (Lane Cove, 1968-1972); home duties (Lane Cove, 1977-1980) - Lady:

* [[/Maurice Charles Clayton|Clayton, Maurice Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86J-HX3] - 1912(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1930-1931); 5ZC Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 596, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon (24yo)

* [[/Walter George Gladstone Clayton|Clayton, Walter George Gladstone &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3XN-J1N] - 1918(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4WG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4WG Brisbane (Windsor, 1946-1969); 4WG Townsville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1868, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF Signals); state public servant (Qld Railways, supervising tech. comms.) - Relationships: uncle of Maise Ian Jesson Rawson nee Clayton (Radio Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Windsor, 1954-1968); technician (Townsville, 1972-1980)

===''CLEBURNE''===

* [[/Eric William Cleburne|Cleburne, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-3WZ] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AII Sydney (Gordon, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1946-1950; Willoughby East, 1954-1958); 2BII Bermagui South (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2025, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gordon, NSW, 1935-1937); wireless operator (Gordon, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Willoughby, NSW, 1954-1958); manager (Croydon, Vic, 1958-1968); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CLEMENS''===

* [[/Henry Clemens|Clemens, Henry]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 970, 1932, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HCs; Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CLIFF''===

* [[/Harry Cliff|Cliff, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-WYZ] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HC Melbourne (Essendon, 1928-1948; Heidelberg, 1954-1975); 3HC Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 400, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Comment: pre 1928 is another Harry Cliff - Electoral Rolls: implement maker (Moonee Ponds, 1906); engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1928); clerk (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); company secretary (North Melbourne, 1943); director (Ivanhoe, 1954-1968; Heidelberg, 1972); retired (Point Lonsdale, 1977-1980)

===''CLIFFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Glendenning Clifford|Clifford, Herbert Glendenning]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTS-4CN] - 1882(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5BW Receive Renmark (1923); Receive Renmark (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Renmark, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CLINCH''===

* [[/Frederick Gladstone Clinch|Clinch, Frederick Gladstone &quot;Glad&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5P-TWM] - 1898(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6JR Greenough (1928-1933); 6FG Miling (1960); 6FG Perth (Doubleview, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 468, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 6CL Ian Harold Wilson Clinch - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Greenough, 1922-1943); garage proprietor (Miling, 1958); retired (Doubleview, 1963-1972)

* [[/Ian Harold Wilson Clinch|Clinch, Ian Harold Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQX-YS1] - 1926(WA)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6CL Miling (1960-1965); 6CL Dandaragan (1969); 6CL Rossmoyne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3596, 1957, WA - amateur operator, WW2 - Relationships: son of 6JR-6FG Frederick Gladstone Clinch - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leederville, 1949); manager (Miling, 1958-1963); radio technician (Dongara, 1968); technician (Rossmoyne, 1972-1980)

===''CLOSS''===

* [[/Alvin Theodore Closs|Closs, Alvin Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-HG7] - 1895(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: V750 Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922); 3GV Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Brighton, 1917); storekeeper (Olinda, 1924-1931); salesman (Olinda, 1934-1937); civil servant (Tunstall, 1943-1954); retired (Yarra Junction, 1963-1972)

===''CLOUGH''===

* [[/James Edward Clough|Clough, James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QV-KGG] - 1887(NSW)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 483, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918)  - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Sea Lake, Vic, 1912); telegraphist (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, Vic, 1915; Prahran, Vic, 1916-1917); postmaster (Sunshine, Vic, 1924-1927; Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''CLUNNE''===

* [[/Edward James Clunne|Clunne, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKD-4W1] - 1914(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2DK Sydney (Merrylands, 1932-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1060, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Occupation machinist in deceased estate file - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Granville, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''CLYNE''===

* [[/Alec Henry Clyne|Clyne, Alec Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YX-G45] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3VX Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; East Prahran, 1947-1948; Carnegie, 1954-1960); 3ACC Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1965; Glen Waverley, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1620, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3HZ Edgar Murray Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1963; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Edgar Murray Clyne|Clyne, Edgar Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QB-W1W] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923); 3HZ Shepparton (1935-1937); 3HZ Warragul (1938-1939, 1947); 3HZ Shepparton (19481965); 3HZ Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1558, 1935, Vic; BOCP 51, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VX-3ACC Alec Henry Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1931-1937; Warragul, Vic, 1942); manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''COADE''===

* [[/Ernest Coade|Coade, Ernest]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rutherglen, 1914); mechanic (Thursday Island, 1919)

===''COAKLEY''===

* [[/Thomas James Coakley|Coakley, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX24-W7T] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 5UK Adelaide (Unley, 1933-1939); 3IU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Essendon, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1105, 1933, No. ?? in SA, 3COCP 61, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: aero fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''COALTER''===

* [[/Martin Coalter|Coalter, Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSR-STB] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1, 1914 - ship wireless operator? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COATE''===

* [[/Edward Fordham Coate|Coate, Edward Fordham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-SQZ] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3AIP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1965-1969; Lower Templestowe, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 26, 1936; AOLCP 884, 1960; AOCP 4053, 1962, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''COATES''===

* [[/Alfred Melbourne Coates|Coates, Alfred Melbourne or Melbourne Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-MCZ] - 1884(???)-1964(Vic) - Licences: V757 Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922); 3GG Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (USA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1921-1937; Kalorama, 1943-1954)

===''COATH''===

* [[/Stanley Pascall Coath|Coath, Stanley Pascall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQB-4C4] - 1913(Vic)-2010(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (West Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1363, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''COBB''===

* [[/Victor Lindsay Cobb|Cobb, Victor Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB7Y-Q52] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1881, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1954; Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''COCHRANE''===

* [[/Athol Brien Cochrane|Cochrane, Athol Brien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKF-1FK] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAEK Sydney (Longueville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals Coy, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COCKS''===

* [[/Leonard Wilfred Sidney John Cocks|Cocks, Leonard Wilfred Sidney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP2-8K3] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2DF Sydney (Eastwood, 1933-1939; Arncliffe, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1224, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Arncliffe, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''COFFEY''===

* [[/Henry Freeman Coffey|Coffey, Henry Freeman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3QL-BR1] - 1885(Irl)-1934(NSW) - Licences: 4KY Brisbane (Doomben, 1925-1926; Hamilton, 1927); 2ZY Sydney (Willoughby, 1929; Maroubra, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 52, 1915; 1COCP 12, 1930 - Halycyon: AOCP Brisbane 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless operator (Marconi, White Star, Booth Steamship, Iquitos Steamship, Union Castle); RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal operator (CRS, PMGD, AWA); federal public servant - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Middle Park, Vic, 1919); engineer (Malvern East, 1922-1924); radiostation master (Thursday Island, 1925); wireless operator (Doomben, Qld, 1925-1928); engineer (Chatswood, 1930); wireless mechanic (Maroubra, 1930-1934)

===''COFFIN''===

* [[/Robert George Coffin|Coffin, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXT-CSG] - 1911(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3NU Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1960); 3ANU Mobile Aboard Vessel &quot;Carole G&quot; (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1767, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963)

===''COGHLAN''===

* [[/John Leo Coghlan|Coghlan, John Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV3-1F4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3ST Melbourne (St Kilda, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1777, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bunyip, Vic, 1931-1934); driver (St Kilda West, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''COHEN''===

* [[/Derrick Cohen|Cohen, Derek or Derrick Simeon &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCF-DR7] - 1914(Eng)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2YM Sydney (Dobroyd Point, 1932-1933; Kings Cross, 1933; Clovelly, 1934-1936); 4YM Brisbane (City, 1937-1939); 1YM Macquarie Island (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 238, 1930; AOCP 1011, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West End, Qld, 1943); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954); television producer (Chatswood, NSW, 1963; Little Wallaby Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Francis Cohen|Cohen, Ronald Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVV3-8HY] - 1912(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2TF Sydney (Beecroft, 1935-1937; Mosman, 1938; Pennant Hills, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1478, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Beecroft, NSW, 1933-1937); industrial chemist (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''COLE''===

* [[/Gordon Francis Cole|Cole, Gordon Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8C-FHT] - 1919(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Cronulla, 1935-1938; Caringbah, 1939; Miranda, 1946-1950; Beverly Hills, 1954-1965; West Pymble, 1969) - cc; Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1560, 1935, NSW; BOCP 106, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous GFC - Electoral Rolls: technician (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1968)

* [[/J. Cole|Cole, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBZ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: several JCs in Wollstonecraft area 1913 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Lionel Cole| Cole, Victor Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRRF-HC9] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ACS Sydney (Croydon, 1936-1939; Lakemba, 1946-1947); 2VL Sydney (Lakemba, 1948-1975); 2VL Sussex Inlet (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1681, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Botany, NSW, 1930-1935); toolmaker (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1980)

===''COLEBATCH''===

* [[/Ernest Vincent Colebatch|Colebatch, Ernest Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q2-974] - 1905(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5CG Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Belair, SA, 1939-1941)

===''COLES''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Coles|Coles, Arthur Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWWX-J2S] - 1902(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2746 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1930); motor mechanic (Wyangala Dam, NSW, 1931-1934); mechanic (Ungarie, NSW, 1937; Chullora, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Croydon Park, NSW, 1954-1963); supervisor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1968); retired (Douglas Park, NSW, 1972; Lumeah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLESTON''===

* [[/Stanley Russell Coleston|Coleston, Stanley Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-KQL] - 1913(Vic)-2012(Qld) - Licences: 3XK Melbourne (Middle Park, 1930-1931; Gardenvale, 1933; Glenhuntly, 1937-1939, 1946-1955); 9XK Port Moresby (1956-1960); 3AXK Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969); 4XA Brisbane (Geebung, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 688, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; DCA (Port Moresby, ca 1960) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Glenhuntly, 1936-1942; Caulfield East, 1949-1954); public servant (Mt Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Geebung, 1977-1980)

===''COLLARD''===

* [[/Cyril John Felton Collard|Collard, Cyril John Felton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97X9-6VY] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2CF Maitland West (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 362, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 540, 1941; BOCP 541, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lorn, 1930-1963); retired (North Maitland, 1968)

===''COLLETT''===

* [[/Major Edwin Collett|Collett, Major Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZ6-293] - 1907(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2XL Lisarow (1935-1936); 2RU Lisarow (1937); 2RU Gosford (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1505, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2XL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2XL Cooma commercial service - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Bilfin, NSW, 1930; Lisarow, NSW, 1932-1937); radio engineer (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1968); director (Gosford, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLLEY''===

* [[/James Graham Colley|Colley, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-M23] - 1906(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Seacliff, 1947); 3QZ Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947); 3QZ Traralgon, 1948-1980+); 3AQW Lakes Entrance (1960); 3AQZ Lakes Entrance (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2280, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1928; Yarram, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Quambatook, Vic, 1942); inspector (Traralgon, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Traralgon, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLLINGE''===

* [[/Christopher Herbert Collinge|Collinge, Christopher Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L242-4YT] - 1911(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2FQ Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Bexley North (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1849, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Bexley North, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''COLLINS''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Joseph Collins|Collins, Clarence Henry Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1Y1-GB1] - 1891(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5FC Adelaide (Marryatville, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1043, 1932, SA; BOCP 29, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Marryatville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Reuben James Collins|Collins, Reuben James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2F-6PX] - 1904(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3OI Melbourne (Croxton, 1936-1939; Preston, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1737, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1926-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1954)

* [[/Walter Collins|Collins, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-QL2] - 1910(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2AEI Wagga Wagga (1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1863, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Australian Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934; Southern Cross Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936; Exchange Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Edward Collins|Collins, William Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XYAH Perth (Cannington, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous WECs - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Cannington, WA, 1916; Victoria Park, WA, 1917); civil servant (Balkatta, WA, 1931-1937)

===''COLLIS''===

* [[/George Andrew Collis|Collis, George Andrew]] - 1869(Tas)-1926(Tas) - Receive Hobart, radio clubs (Tasmanian Radio Club, foundation member, 1922+), electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1921) - potential misidentification, George Arthur Collis, Radio Research Club, Hobart, witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927

* [[/Ralph Collis|Collis, Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-48N] - 1918(WA)-2013(WA)105yo - Licences: 6LY Perth (Bayswater, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1454, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bayswater, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); proprietor (Cadoux, WA, 1963; Tuart Hill, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Dianella, WA, 1972-1977); proprietor (Bedford, WA, 1980)

===''COLQUHOUN''===

* [[/Colin George Burrowes Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Colin George Burrowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-RLP] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XJAA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (South Yarra, Vic, 1919-1921); medical practitioner (Avoca, Vic, 1924-1931; Mornington, Vic, 1935; Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Ringwood, Vic, 1937); medical official (Croydon, Vic, 1943-1954); medical practitioner (Heathmont, Vic, 1958); nil (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Trevor Keith Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Trevor Keith]] - 1907(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 9TC Salamaua, New Guinea (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 935, 1926; COCP2 101, 1930; COCP1 33, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Medal of the Order of Australia, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (New Town, Tas, 1943); newsagent (Launceston, Tas, 1972); retired (Norwood, Tas, 1980)

===''COLTHEART''===

* [[/Clarence James Coltheart|Coltheart, Clarence James]] - 1885(Tas)-1962(Tas) - Licences: 7BF Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1913-1914; Queenstown, 1922-1954)

===''COLTHRUP''===

* [[/James Frederick Colthrup|Colthrup, James Frederick &quot;Frederick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBW8-J4Z] - 1908(Vic)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 3PL Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1368, 1934, Vic; COCP1 374, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, Wireless &amp; Gunnery School) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, 1931); engineer (Clifton Hill, 1937); airman (Clifton Hill, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/623876 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306064 AWM]; [https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140421275 Trove]

===''COLTON''===

* [[/George Musgrove Coward Colton|Colton, George Musgrove Coward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2G-R3C] - 1893(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922); 2UM Sydney (Stanmore, 1935-1939, 1947-1950; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 806, 1924 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical business (Annandale, NSW, 1932-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''COLVILLE''===

* [[/Sydney Victor Colville|Colville, Sydney Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WQ-S78] - 1894(Vic)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XQF Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913); 2FA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 2FA Sydney (CBD, 1923-1924; Drummoyne, 1923-1925); 2VH Sydney (Longueville, 1935; CBD 1936; Broadway, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless retail business proprietor (Colville Moore) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloongabba, 1917; Chelmer, 1919-1921); broker (Bowen Hills, 1922); manufacturer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1933); merchant (Lane Cove, 1935-1936); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1936-1937); company director (Glenbrook, 1943-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XQF-2FA-2VH - Sydney Victor Colville&quot;

===''COLVIN''===

* [[/Noel Denis Colvin|Colvin, Noel Denis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNBQ-MM5] - 1914(Vic)-2013(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3NJ Melbourne (Ringwood East, 1935-1939); 3AUT Melbourne (Box Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1448, 1935, Vic; COCP2 64, 1936; COCP1 152, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: airman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); Student (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); RAAF (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLYER''===

* [[/Eric Lionel Colyer|Colyer, Eric Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZH-47J] - 1915(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2EL Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Manly, 1934; Vaucluse, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937-1939); 3EQ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938); 3AEL Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947-1948); 2AED Sydney (Gordon, 1950-1960) (Vessel MY &quot;Tiki&quot;, 1955-1956); 2BEL Sydney (Gordon, 1969; Pymble, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1016, 1932, NSW; COCP3 2337, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Vaucluse, NSW, 1937); manager (Burwood, NSW, 1943; Malvern East, Vic, 1949); company director (Gordon, NSW, 1954-1968); director (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CONDON''===

* [[/Austin Sylvester Condon|Condon, Austin Sylvester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RG-K2K] - 1924(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5WO Laura (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3012, 1949, SA - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil [https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/obituaries-tributes-to-three-of-our-finest/news-story/845c3a27d81fd8a8f4bbe436503a9b1e Obit]

===''CONDER''===

* [[/Walter Tasman Conder|Conder, Walter Tasman &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CJ-DTS] - 1888(Tas)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as General Manager, BCA, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Launceston, 1914); soldier (Langwarrin Military Camp, 1918-1921; Melbourne, 1924); secretarial (Melbourne, 1925-1928); entrepreneur (Melbourne, 1931-1937); secretary (Melbourne, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/conder-walter-tasman-5747 ADB]

===''CONGDON''===

* [[/Bert Congdon|Congdon, Bert &quot;Bertie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VVJ-CMW] - 1891(Vic)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6BA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923-1924); 6BC Perth (Subiaco, 1927-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 382, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; civil servant - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, 1925-1958)

===''CONNELLY''===

* [[/Dermot Anthony Connelly|Connelly, Dermot Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L5-2VC] - 1903(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922); 3BU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925); 3ADK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Ivanhoe, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Caulfield, 1927-1936); Air Force officer (St Kilda, 1937); nil (Frankston, 1949); photographer (Ivanhoe, 1954-1963)

===''CONNON''===

* [[/George Wilson Connon|Connon, George Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-8Z2] - 1907(Sct)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5KJ Booleroo (1937-1939); 5KJ Yunta (1947); 5KJ Alice Springs (1948-1954); 5KJ Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1955-1956); 5KJ Port Lincoln (1960); 5KJ Berri (1965-1969); 5KJ Barmera (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1991, 1937, SA; 2COCP 336, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Millswood East, SA, 1939); bookkeeper (Port Augusta, SA, 1941-1948); radio technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1949-1954)

===''CONNOR''===

* [[/Emmett Bernard Connor|Connor, Emmett Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-L7Q] - 1913(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4CE Gindie (1936); 4OC Longreach (1956); 4OC Fernlees (1960); 4OC Brisbane (Aspley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1650, 1936, Qld; BOCP 280, 1940; 3COCP 5529, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: shearing shed hand (Gindie, Qld, 1936); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943-1949); business Manager (Cramsie, Longreach, Qld, 1954-1958); grazier (&quot;Ronnoc Downs&quot;, Fernlees, Qld, 1958-1963; Aspley, Qld, 1963-1977)

* [[/Laurance Kingsley Connor|Connor, Laurance or Laurence Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2GD-KPT] - 1907(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Belmore, 1925-1926); 2ALC Sydney (Lakemba, 1948; Cammeray, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 68, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 881, 1925; 2COCP 199, 1930; 1COCP 220, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937); radio teacher (Willoughby, NSW, 1943); communication officer (Liverpool, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Stephen James Connor|Connor, Stephen James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4J-FP4] - 1894(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 235, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1917); electrical engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1933); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1934; Strathfield, NSW, 1936-1963); retired (Lapstone, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Terence Connor|Connor, Terence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-3DV] - 1916(Tas)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 7CT Hobart (Rokeby, 1936-1939; City, 1946-1948); 7CT Huonville (1954-1960); 7CT Hobart (Bellerive, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1643, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: auto-electrician (New Town, 1943; Hobart North, 1949); manager (Huonville, 1949-1954); sales rep. (Bellerive, 1963-1977)

===''CONRAD''===

* [[/Raymond Ernest Conrad|Conrad, Raymond Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP2-VGS] - 1905(Tas)-1977(Tas) - Licences: 2TR Sydney (Bexley, 1930-1937; Rockdale, 1938-1939); 7TR Hobart (Derwent Park, 1947; Moonah, 1948-1956; Berriedale, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 651, 1930, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 308, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: battery fitter (Bexley, 1930); storeman (Bexley, 1931-1934); clerk (Bexley, 1935-1936; Rockdale, 1937); purchasing officer (Cameray, 1943); radio manufacturer (Moonah, 1949-1954); engineer (Hospital, Rosetta, 1963)

===''CONRY''===

* [[/William Henry Conry|Conry, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-HCR] - 1892(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 3OK Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1925); 3CO Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 260, 1916; 1COCP 44, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); RANRS; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD Vic) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1919; Armadale, 1921-1924); inspector (Brighton, 1925-1937); radio inspector (South Brisbane, 1943-1949); postal official (St Lucia, 1954-1958)

===''CONSTABLE''===

* [[/Hector Mantle Shaw Constable|Constable, Hector Mantle Shaw]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTS-Z5V] - 1910(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3FE Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947; Parkdale, 1948; Mont Albert, 1954; Mont Park, 1955-1956; Mont Albert, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1999, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Yarra Junction, Vic, 1931; Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1943); inspector (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954)

===''CONWAY''===

* [[/Mervyn Laurence Dean Conway|Conway, Mervyn Laurence Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MH-GHZ] - 1912(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7CL Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1960); 7CL Hobart (West Hobart, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1684, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Nelson, 1936); school teacher (Launceston East, 1937); teacher (Devonport, 1943; New Town, 1949-1958)

===''COOK''===

* [[/Ernest Byron Cook|Cook, Ernest or Ernest Byron &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M46M-M3J] - 1902(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Tresco (1926-1927); 3CK Kerang (1931); 3EC Swan Hill (1938-1939); 3EC Melbourne (Coburg, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 295, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Swan Hill, 1937-1942); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frank Leslie Cook|Cook, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-K3H] - 1914(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2FF Sydney (Dee Why, 1934-1936); 2GV Sydney (Dee Why, 1935-1936); 2AHW Sydney (Dee Why, 1938); 2ANC Sydney (Centennial Park, 1946-1947; Lidcombe, 1948; Auburn, 1950; Carlingford, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1355, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dee Why, NSW, 1934-1937); radio tester (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943); draftsman   (Lidcombe, NSW, 1949; Carlingford, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Raynham Harry Cook|Cook, Raynham Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCX-CRB] - 1902(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3OX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1932-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 951, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Victor Roy Percival Cook|Cook, Victor Roy Percival &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYJG-6C6] - 1899(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: XVN Adelaide (1913-1914); S099 Adelaide (1920s); 5AC Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1927; Rose Park, 1928-1931; Kilkenny, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Woodville, 1954-1975; Somerton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 94, 1925, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Kilkenny, 1939-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XVN-S099-5AC - Victor Roy Percival Cook&quot;

===''COOKE''===

* [[/Clarence Robert Cooke|Cooke, Clarence Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-3P6] - 1891(???)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CP Perth (Bayswater, 1932-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1068, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Mornington Mills, WA, 1914); locomotive driver (Mornington Mills, WA, 1921-1926); locomotive engine driver (Bayswater, WA, 1931-1968)

* [[/Clive J. Cooke|Cooke, Clive J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4CC Brisbane (Chermside, -1952+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld)

* [[/Frank Basil Cooke|Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7Q6-TN8] - 1892(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: XADW Sydney (1913-14); 2LI Sydney (1922-1924); 2XQ Receive Sydney (1923); 2DJ Sydney (Northbridge, 1924-1931; Mosman, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 39, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, vice-president 1923) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1930; salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1943); teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1949-1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XADW-2LI-2XQ-2DJ - Frank Basil Cooke&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Cooke|Cooke, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB8-V6L] - 1906(Eng)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Footscray, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 311, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: meter tester (Footscray, 1926-1949)

===''COOKSON''===

* [[/Arnold Cookson|Cookson, Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YD-87L] - 1889(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 201, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); no occupation (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Northbridge, 1949-1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Joseph George Cookson|Cookson, Joseph George &quot;George&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGCW-Z8N] - 1888(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 862, 1925; 2COCP 21, 1929; 1COCP 34, 1930 - RANRS (1919), AWA - Relationships: Father of Leonard Kenneth Cookson - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Crossover, Vic, 1912-1913; Bacchus Marsh, 1914-1915); mechanic (Alphington, 1917); engineer (Cooktown, 1919); radio engineer (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1935; Croydon, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

* [[/Leonard Kenneth Cookson|Cookson, Leonard Kenneth &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ8-JHV] - 1917(Vic)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - AWA - Relationships: Son of Joseph George Cookson - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Concord, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Croydon, 1943-1954; Glebe, 1958; Blacktown, 1963-1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

===''COOLING''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Cooling|Cooling, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVZL-GSC] - 1885(Qld)-1936(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Toowoomba (1924-1927) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 11, 1924, No. 3 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (Toowoomba, 1924), (Halcyon P. 4) - Comment: A tragic end to a productive life - TroveTag: &quot;4BN - Ernest Richard Cooling&quot; - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (Toowoomba, 1908); telegraphist (Bowen, 1912); postal assistant (Toowoomba, 1913-1930)

===''COOMBE''===

* [[/Geoffrey Saint Coombe|Coombe, Geoffrey Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-TXS] - 1913(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1931-1933); 2ML Broken Hill (1933); 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1937-1938; Croydon, 1947-1948; Brooklyn Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 756, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 5MR Jack Robert Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, 1941)

* [[/Jack Robert Saint Coombe|Coombe, Jack Robert Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-T3C] - 1910(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5MR Adelaide (Stirling West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2923, 1949, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5ML Geoffrey Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, SA, 1941); electrical mechanic (Mt Lofty, SA, 1943)

===''COOPER''===

* [[/Alfred Edwin Charles Cooper|Cooper, Alfred Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV9-9GK] - 1904(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2AL Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1926); 2UO Sydney (Northbridge, 1947-1950); 2AUO Sydney (Yacht Asgard, 1948-1960); 4AY Surfers Paradise (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 180, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 626, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fruit merchant (Ashfield, 1931); director (Northbridge, 1943-1958); company director (Clareville, 1963-1977)

* [[/Bertram David Cooper|Cooper, Bertram David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-HG1] - 1914(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3BC Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939, 1947-1955; Beaumaris, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2119, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: musician (Coburg, Vic, 1942-1949); soldier (Coburg, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1972); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Eric Cooper|Cooper, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1M-WC4] - 1925(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 870, 1960, Tas - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Evandale, 1949); radio technician (Evandale, 1954)

* [[/Ernest Edward Cooper|Cooper, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5F-RLJ] - 1905(Tas)-1951(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Launceston (Youngtown, 1926-1927); 7MC Launceston (City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 261, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 151, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: may be related to 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1975) Eric Cooper  - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Ulverstone, 1936; Launceston East, 1943; Launceston West, 1949) 

* [[/Frank Clarence Cooper|Cooper, Frank Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7Y-NGF] - 1915(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2ADU Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADU Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1946-1947; Potts Point, 1948-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1975); 2ADU Gold Coast (Florida Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1736, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937; Edgecliffe, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1958-1968; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972; Vaucluse, NSW, 1977); retired (Florida Gardens, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Harold More Cooper|Cooper, Harold More or Harold Moore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ58-SJP] - 1886(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923-1925); 5HG Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 257, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; submarine cable telegraphist; archaeologist; historian - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cooper-harold-more-9821 ADB]

* [[/Harry Frederick Cooper|Cooper, Harry Frederick or Frederic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNKH-CX4] - 1906(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5PC Port Augusta (1947-1954); 5PC Adelaide (Lockleys, 1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2249, 1939, SA; BOCO 544, 1943; COCP1 781, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ascot Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Neve Cooper|Cooper, Herbert Neve]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-Q46] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3QZ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1692, 1936, Vic; BOCP 137, 1937; 1COCP 1237, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (St Leonards, Tas, 1949); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1977)

* [[/James Herbert Cooper|Cooper, James Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVTJ-14B] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ZG Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1930-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 701, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1936-1943); broker (Mosman, NSW, 1949); stock and sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1968); sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1972); broker (St Ives, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ormond Erskine Cooper|Cooper, Ormond Erskine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDM-6JK] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2CP Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1112, 1933, NSW; COCP2 434, 1933; COCP1 337, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1935); radio worker (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1943-1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Raymond Arthur Cooper|Cooper, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDK-8RK] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6AO Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2350, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937); projectionist (Manning, WA, 1958-1980)

===''CORBIN''===

* [[/James Bentley Corbin|Corbin, James Bentley &quot;Boyce&quot; &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTJ-293] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (McMahons Point, 1932-1939; Eastlakes, 1946-1961); 2AYC Miranda (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 976, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Milsons Point, NSW, 1933-1937; Botany, NSW, 1943-1949; Mascot, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CORDINGLEY''===

* [[/Charles Harold Cordingley|Cordingley, Charles Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJK-SB4] - 1892(Eng)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ararat, 1913); electrical engineer (Flemington, 1915-1919); engineer (Ascot Vale, 1921-1954)

===''CORE''===

* [[/Herbert James Core|Core, Herbert James &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PF-R2Q] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4HC Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2012, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 392, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; formerly Sydney - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1929); assistant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949; Camp Hill, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''CORKILL''===

* [[/Arthur Basil Corkill|Corkill, Arthur Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYW3-57P] - 1898(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJCU Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Elsternwick, Vic, 1928; St Kilda, Vic, 1931; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1949; Kilsyth, Vic, 1954)

===''CORNELIUS''===

* [[/Eric Edward Cornelius|Cornelius, Eric Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7P-2MD] - 1916(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6EC Albany (1936-1939); 6EC Kalgoorlie (1947-1948); 6EC Wagin (1954-1955); 6EC Perth (Inglewood, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1635, 1936, WA; TVOCP 200, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Station 6WA, Wagin, 1949-1954; Inglewood, WA, 1958-1977)

===''CORNEY''===

* [[/Kenneth Cameron Corney|Corney, Kenneth Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-2MB] - 1899(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: V755 Receive Bairnsdale (1922); 3GY Receive Bairnsdale (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gogeldrie, NSW, 1949); grazier (Metung, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CORTHORN''===

* [[/Rex Sidney Oscar Corthorn|Corthorn, Rex Sidney Oscar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G28S-LLQ] - 1914(NSW)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 2VG Sydney (Greenwich, 1932-1939; Bexley, 1946; Northmead,1947-1960); 3VG Melbourne (Bulleen, 1965-2969); 3VG Mallacoota (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 985, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1943; Northmead, NSW, 1949-1958); retired (Mallacoota, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CORTIS-JONES''===

* [[/Beverley Cortis-Jones|Cortis-Jones, Beverley or Beverly &quot;Bev&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-KZ9] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NN Sydney (Roseville, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1586, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943); retired (Booragoon, WA, 1980)

===''COSH''===

* [[/Rhys Gilmour Cosh|Cosh, Rhys Gilmour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6J-4W8] - 1900(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 697, 1922 (Marconi) - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Croydon, SA, 1939-1943)

===''COSTA''===

* [[/Phillip James Costa|Costa, Phillip James &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGF-S1W] - 1914(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (shortwave) - QSLs: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Geelong, Vic, 1937-1968; Nerang, Qld, 1969; Florida Gardens, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''COSTELLO''===

* [[/Allan Daniel Costello|Costello, Allan Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4S-21X] - 1913(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YT Ballarat (1937-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1912, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mount Pleasant, Vic, 1934-1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1972); accountant (Mt Clear, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COSTELOW''===

* [[/Robert Costelow|Costelow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: despite the unusual location, individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COTTERILL''===

* [[/Harold Stanley Cotterill|Cotterill, Harold Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5D-84Y] - 1916(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1493, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1943) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, NSW, 1937); depot superintendant (Gunnedah, NSW, 1943)? - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10314147 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624339 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''COTTON''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNH3-P9L] - 1897(SA)-1973(SA) - Licences: XVS Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5HY Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1926-1928; Colonel Light Gardens, 1931; Kilburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 270, 1926, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA SA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Semaphore, 1939); clerk (Findon, 1943)

* [[/Arthur Tylney Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Tylney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7G8-SGG] - 1884(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive Spring Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kelvedon, 1914-1963)

* [[/Leith Simpson Cotton|Cotton, Leith Simpson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR2-12K] - 1905(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5LG Adelaide (Burnside, 1932-1933); 5LG Iron Knob (1937-1939); 5LG Adelaide (Clarence Gardens, 1946-1948; Parkholme, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1023, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Iron Knob, 1939-1941)

===''COTTRELL''===

* [[/Joseph William Morgan Cottrell|Cottrell, Joseph William Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-L1Y] - 1897(NSW)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 2ZF Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1923); 2ZN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1925; Coogee, 1926-1930; Maroubra Junction, 1931; Dundas, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Carlingford, 1948-1950); 2ADX Sydney (Dundas/Portable, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 367, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 1, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coogee, 1930); broadcaster (Dundas, 1933-1934); radio operator (Dundas, 1936-1943); technician (Carlingford, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZF-2ZN-2ADX - Joseph William Morgan Cottrell&quot;

===''COUCH''===

* [[/David Couch|Couch, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8H-BDV] - 1917(Vic)-2009(WA)92yo - Licences: 6WT Watermans Bay (1934, 1947); 6WT Perth (Wembley, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2513, 1934, WA; BOCP 577, 1944; TVOCP 47, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Watermans Bay, WA, 1949); technician (Wembley, WA, 1954-1980)

===''COUCHMAN''===

* [[/Clifford Clyde McGregor Couchman|Couchman, Clifford Clyde McGregor &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQLS-T4D] - 1907(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4KZ Kaimkillenbun (1930-1939); 4KZ Dalby (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 151, 1930; COCP 1st Class Marconi School (Halcyon) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Navy, wireless officer); broadcast technician (PMGD, 4QS); business proprietor (electrical &amp; radio, Dalby) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kaimkillenbun, 1930-1937); engineer (Dalby, 1943-1963); electrical engineer (Dalby, 1968)

===''COUGHLAN''===

* [[/Charles McKenzie Coughlan|Coughlan, Charles McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-9BN] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XCO Sydney (Concord, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenters; WW1 (AIF, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COULTER''===

* [[/Jack Maxwell Coulter|Coulter, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-MXK] - 1912(SA)-1985(???) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1937); 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939); 5JD Adelaide (Ashford, 1947-1948; Ackland Gardens, 1954-1960); 5JK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1712, 1936, SA; 2COCP 812, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); RAN (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943)

===''COUPER''===

* [[/Andrew Couper|Couper, Andrew &quot;Andy&quot; Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6R8-R1T] - 1893(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: XQM Mareeba (1914); 4BW Mareeba (1923-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 71, 1925, No. 5 in Qld - early wireless experimenter (1914 &amp; likely earlier unlicensed); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: iron moulder (Mareeba, 1913-1932); engineer (Mareeba, 1936-1958)

* [[/William Fraser Couper|Couper, William Fraser &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MP-S1G] - 1919(NZ)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Adelaide (Evandale, 1947; Royston Park, 1948); 5UZ Adelaide (Royston Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2250, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COURT''===

* [[/Charles Percy Court|Court, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-Q5T] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4CT Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bayswater, Qld, 1925-1936; Kedron, Qld, 1937-1958)

* [[/Thomas Palmer Court|Court, Thomas Palmer Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNF4-FD4] - 1895(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XNY Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3BO Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3TC Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 211, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic, secretary, 1919-1920+); employment (radio salesman, 1928; STC, chief design engineer, 1954); IRE Aust (president, 1950-1951) - Comment: Father also named TPC - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1925-1928); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1954; Mosman West, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''COUSENS''===

* [[/Harold Light Reynolds Cousens|Cousens, Harold Light Reynolds]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG9-3SK] - 1888(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N743 Receive Summer Hill (1922); 2HW Receive Summer Hill (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Tamworth, 1930-1963)

===''COUTTS''===

* [[/David Cecil Boyd Coutts|Coutts, David Cecil Boyd &quot;Boyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGY-1CL] - 1896(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJEC Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Camberwell, Vic, 1919-1924); teacher (Malvern East, Vic, 1925-1926; Malvern, Vic, 1928-1937; Mt Dandenong, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/Edwin Stuart Coutts|Coutts, Edwin Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-698] - 1893(Qld)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4BZ Receive Dalby (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Dalby, 1919-1937); garage proprietor (Dalby, 1943)

* [[/Mavis Ellen Coutts|Stafford nee Coutts, Mavis Ellen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSGT-MJH] - 1921(Vic)-2016(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2338, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 3XB Ivor Stafford - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Minyip, Vic, 1942); home duties (Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''COWAN''===

* [[/Christian Nesbit Cowan|Cowan, Christian Nesbit]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-6QW] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2PZ Aberdare (1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 613, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 486, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Aberdare, 1930-1963; Cessnock, 1968-1980)

* [[/James George Cowan|Cowan, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-RC3] - 1908(Sct)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ZC Adamstown (1934-1937); 2ZC Waratah (1938-1939, 1946-1975); 2ZC Merewether (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1294, 1934, NSW; AOLCP 272, 1936; COCP1 838, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waratah, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Adamstown, NSW, 1934-1937); nil (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1968); broadcast technician (Merewether, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''COWELL''===

* [[/George Cowell|Cowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKT-3GM] - 1897(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2SO Merewether (1932-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1057, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''COX''===

* [[/Allan Grafton Cox|Cox, Allan (birth) or Allen (census) Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWX-5XH] - 1892(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 120, 1915; 2COCP 103, 1930; 1COCP 347, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rockhampton, 1914; Pinkenba, 1916-1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1921-1922; South Yarra, 1926-1927); O.I.C. (Cooktown, 1925; Thursday Island, 1930); radio officer (Clayfield, 1934); O.I.C. (Townsville, 1936-1937); engineer (Rockbank, 1942); wireless officer (Kangaroo Point, 1943; Hendra, Qld, 1949-1958); radio officer (Hendra, 1963-1977)

* [[/Erle Harold Cox|Cox, Erle Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8Z-RG2] - 1903(Tas)-1989(ACT) - Licences: 3BD Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922); 3BD Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1933); 2EP Canberra (Forrest, 1934-1935); 2GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1946-1955); 1GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1956-1965; Mawson, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 245, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist, president Press Gallery, Parliament House 1953 - Awards: O.B.E. for contribution to journalism in Australia 1953 - Relationships: son of Erle Cox, science fiction author [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-erle-5799] - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Caulfield, 1931; Gardiner, 1936; Forrest, 1937; Red Hill, 1943-1968; Mawson, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;3BD-2EP-2GU-1GU - Erle Harold Cox&quot;

* [[/Harold Edward Cox|Cox, Harold Edward or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GQ-2RT] - 1892(Eng)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 6HE Geraldton (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 17, 1914; 1COCP 35, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, WA, 1916-1917; Geraldton, WA, 1922-1930); broadcast manager (Townsville, Qld, 1931-1937); manager (4WK, Warwick, Qld, 1943); representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); wireless representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/Phillip Deslandes Cox|Cox, Phillip Deslandes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G388-KRC] - 1909(NSW)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2IE Wallerawang (1935-1939); 2IE Sydney (Concord, 1946); 2IE Bathurst (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1551, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lithgow, NSW, 1933); clerk (Lidsdale, NSW, 1935-1937); fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1968); storekeeper (Nambour, Qld, 1969);  proprietor (Tanawha, Qld, 1972); retired (Caboolture, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''COXON''===

* [[/Robert Wooton Coxon|Coxon, Robert Wooton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-HVL] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6RW Northam (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 30, 1924, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer, NT Gov (Director of Mines, 1947); WW2 - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6AG Wally Coxon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cheltenham, SA, 1943); civil servant (Alice Springs, 1949-1954)

* [[/Walter Ernest Stanley Coxon|Coxon, Walter Ernest Stanley &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY8-JBS] - 1891(NSW)-1968(WA) - Licences: XYK Perth (Maylands, 1913); 6AG Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1925-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939; Bayswater, 1946-1947; Darlington, 1948-1960; Claremont, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 124, 1925, No. ?? in WA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (6WF) - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6RW Robert Wooton Coxon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Maylands, 1914); engineer (Maylands, 1925-1937); radio engineer (East Perth, 1943; Darlington, 1949-1958); retired (Claremont, 1963-1968) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199311.pdf EA0] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199404.pdf] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199405.pdf EA2]

===''COZINS''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Cozins|Cozins, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF78-6FW] - 1908(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1931-1933); 6AD Perth (Canning Bridge, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 742, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Corrogin, WA, 1936); marine collector (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); cook (West Perth, WA, 1949); storekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949-1954); clerical assistant (South Perth, WA, 1958); clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Kewdale, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CRAIG''===

* [[/Keith William Craig|Craig, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNB-7FD] - 1921(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AJV Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939); 2EP Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2102, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Stockton, 1943); fitter (Lambton, 1949; New Lambton, 1958-1980)

* [[/Walter Archibald Craig|Craig, Walter Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7X4] - 1907(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2XI Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2XI Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 220, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, 1930-1954)

===''CRAMOND''===

* [[/Warne Hutton Cramond|Cramond, Warne Hutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XQB-N2G] - 1898(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2KJ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 397, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, 1930-1949)

===''CRAN''===

* [[/Morris Rae Cran|Cran, Morris Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-B1J] - 1901(Qld)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 4KX Brisbane (West End, 1930-1939); 2MR Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947; Randwick, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 570, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, 1925-1937); accountant (Bondi, 1943); company secretary (Ranswick, 1954; Coogee, 1958)

===''CRANCH''===

* [[/Layman William Victor Cranch|Cranch, Layman William Victor &quot;Lay&quot;]] - 1910(Qld)-1993(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, radio engineer, journalist (editor, Australian Radio and Electronics, 1951), business (manager, Kingsley)

===''CRAW''===

* [[/Russell Bruce Cameron Craw|Craw, Russell Bruce Cameron &quot;Bruce&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF2Q-54Y] - 1901(Tas)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 7BC Burnie (1930-1933); 3BC Melbourne (1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 671, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Burnie, 1922; North Melbourne, 1924; Burnie, 1928); sales (Middle Park, Vic, 1935)

===''CRAWFORD''===

* [[/Cedric Thomas Crawford|Crawford, Cedric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-42L] - 1905(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (Burwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Burwood, 1930-1933); engineer (Captain's Flat, 1937-1943); mechanical engineer (Broken Hill South, 1954-1963); engineer (St Ives, 1968-1972)

* [[/John Murray Crawford|Crawford, John Murray]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief engineer PMGD, involved establishment of first ABC stations), don't confuse with William Tamillas Stephen Crawford

* [[/William Tamillas Stephen Crawford|Crawford, William Tamillas Stephen &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;W.T.S.C.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G738-35N] - 1880(Vic)-1962(NSW) - state public servant (P&amp;TD, Tas); senior federal public servant (PMGD, radio inspector); RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: don't confuse with John Murray Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;William Tamillas Stephen Crawford&quot;

===''CREAMER''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Creamer|Creamer, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XK-965] - 1903(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2UR Sydney (Glebe Point, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Orange, 1930-1932); electrical engineer (Brewarrina, 1933; Henty, 1934-1935; Grose Vale, 1937; Richmond, 1943-1968)

===''CREDLIN''===

* [[/Peter John Credlin|Credlin, Peter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-SH8] - 1938(Vic)-1984(NSW) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, 1954); engineer (Malvern, 1963; Lower Templestowe, 1967-1980)

===''CRERAR''===

* [[/Thomas Alexander Crerar|Crerar, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNXR-QCG] - 1874(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XJDV Hexham (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: agent (Horsham, Vic, 1903-1906); land &amp; finance agent (South Melbourne, Vic, 1906); stock &amp; station agent (Prahran, Vic, 1912-1913; Hexham, Vic, 1914-1922); farmer (Armadale, Vic, 1924; Steel's Creek, Vic, 1925-1931; St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Armadale, Vic, 1963)

===''CRESSWELL''===

* [[/Frank Gillespie Cresswell|Cresswell, Frank Gillespie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR45-Q56] - 1880(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GI Melbourne (East Kew, 1924-1925; Camberwell, 1926-1927); Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - federal public service (PMGD); military (Commonwealth Naval Militia, engineer sublieutenant); RANRS (Radio Commander, terminated Nov 1920) - not to be confused with William Rooke '''Creswell''' - Electoral Rolls: instrument fitter (Camberwell, 1903-1906); Engineer-Lieutenant RAN (Prahran, 1912); naval officer (St Kilda, 1914); lieutenant RAN (Hawthorn, 1915-1919); RAN (Kew, 1922-1924); commandant RAN (Frankston, 1928-1934); naval officer (Olivers Hill, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1943); retired (Somers, 1949; Mt Eliza, 1954; Frankston, 1963)

* [[/Harry Leslie Cresswell|Cresswell, Harry Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9456-49G] - 1917(Qld)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 4DL Brisbane (Coorparoo, Qld, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified, likely RAN - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Petty Officer Telegraphist, KIA, HMAS Yarra) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10293831 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1690529 Roll of Honour]

===''CRESWELL''===

* [[/William Rooke Creswell|Creswell, William Rooke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4L-WRS] - 1852(Gibraltar)-1933(Vic) - early wireless experimenter (Lytton, Moreton Island), military (RAN; Qld Maritime Defence Force, commandant; Commonwealth Naval Forces, commandant) - Generally considered the father of the RAN, not to be confused with Frank Gillespie '''Cresswell''' - Electoral Rolls: naval commandant (South Brisbane, 1903-1905); director (Toorak, 1909-1919) - Links: [[w:William Rooke Creswell|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/creswell-sir-william-rooke-5817 ADB] [https://www.navy.gov.au/biography/vice-admiral-sir-william-rooke-creswell RAN]

===''CRIBB''===

* [[/Dunmore Foote Cribb|Cribb, Dunmore Foote]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPP-YQH] - 1899(Qld)-1946(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 134, 1925, No. 15 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Indooroopilly, 1921-1943)

===''CRICHTON''===

* [[/Ernest George Crichton|Crichton, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CP-VCC] - 1887(NSW)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XADY Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley Robert Crichton|Crichton, Stanley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK76-MZH] - 1893(NZ)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KH East Maitland (1929-1935); 9OU Port Moresby (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 542, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 100, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (East Maitland, 1930-1935); wireless operator (Maclean, 1936); Radio 2NR (Lawrence, 1937); wireless operator (Ashfield, 1949); PMG technician (Ashfield, 1954-1963)

===''CRIDGE''===

* Cridge, Wilfred Edgar Launder - See Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge

===''CRISP''===

* [[/Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp|Crisp, Arthur Joseph Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VW-QKN] - 1906(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2MJ Sydney (Hurstville, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1939; St Peters, 1946; Marrickville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948; Cronulla, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Bankstown East, 1956; Bexley, 1957; Kurnell, 1958; Hurstville South, 1960; Gymea Bay, 1961; Umina, 1965; Tuggerawong, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1290, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2LX Henry Charles Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930); carter (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); labourer (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1943); fitter (Belmore, NSW, 1949; Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Sutherland, NSW, 1954; Bexley, NSW, 1958); retired (Umina, NSW, 1963; Tuggerawong, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Charles Crisp|Crisp, Henry Charles &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-5T2] - 1909(NSW)-1996(???) - Licences: 2LX Sydney (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933; Cronulla, 1934-1939, 1946); 2LX Ettalong (1947-1955); 2LX Woy Woy (1956-1961); 2LX Urunga (1965); 2LX Sydney (Cronulla, 1969; Gorokan, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 614, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2MJ Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Cronulla, 1934-1937); examiner (Bondi, 1943); no occupation (Ettalong, 1949); radio dealer (Ettalong, 1954-1963); motel proprietor (Urunga, 1968); manager (Sans Souci, 1972); retired (Cronulla, 1972; Gorokan, 1977-1980)

===''CROCKER''===

* [[/Claude Edward Crocker|Crocker, Claude Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8R6-RZW] - 1875(USA)-1929(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West Perth, 1922-1925)

* [[/Edward Baker Crocker|Crocker, Edward Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYHX-65B] - 1867(Wales)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2BB Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2BB Sydney (Marrickville, 1922-1930) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 95, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (1923) - Electoral Rolls: provision merchant (Marrickville, 1933-1937); retired (Marrickville, 1943-1949); no occupation (Earlwood, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2BB - Edward Baker Crocker&quot;

* [[/Philip Humphreys Crocker|Crocker, Philip Humphreys]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-K4T] - 1918(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939, 1946-1975; Kirribilli, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2409, 1939, NSW; COCP3 1208, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CROKE''===

* [[/Terence Leo Croke|Croke, Terence Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-742] - 1919(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Lithgow (1935-1938); 2TK Bathurst (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1470, 1935, NSW; COCP1 112, 1936; TVOCP 364, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1963); technical officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1977); retired (Mosman, NSW, 1980)

===''CROMBIE''===

* [[/John Melville Lewes Crombie|Crombie, John Melville Lewes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNX2-PJP] - 1898(NZ)-1935(Vic) - Licences: XOT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3EG Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Comment: migrated from NZ 1913?; passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1934)

===''CROME''===

* [[/Harry Keith Crome|Crome, Harry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTL-HF9] - 1908(Tas)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (New Town, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Hobart North, 1936-1954); linotype operator Melbourne (Alphington, 1963-1972)

===''CROMIE''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Cromie|Cromie, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z4-73H] - 1883(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager (Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 3UZ) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Maffra, 1903; Korumburra, 1905; East Melbourne, 1909; Maffra, 1912); engineer (East Melbourne, 1914); electrical engineer (Malvern, 1915-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, 1919; Caulfield, 1924-1927); electrical engineer (Melbourne East, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); engineer (Caulfield, 1934); director (Armadale, 1936-1949)

===''CROMPTON''===

* [[/Milton James Crompton|Crompton, Milton James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKF8-V2J] - 1919(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MN Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2360, 1939, Vic; BOCP 682, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949-1954; Brighton East, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CROOK''===

* [[/Percy Crook|Crook, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SV-2W8] - 1889(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XBD Coffs Harbour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1913); carpenter (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CROOKS''===

* [[/James Alexander Leonard Crooks|Crooks, James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK93-6HV] - 1890(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923-1925); 7BQ Launceston (1925-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 61, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (PMG) - Relationships: Father of 3AAC John Peter Crooks - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914; Launceston, 1919-1968); no occupation (Low Head, 1972)

* [[/John Peter Crooks|Crooks, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-Z2J] - 1921(Tas)-2013(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3AAC Colac (1960); 3AAC Bulleen (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2107, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BQ James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot; Crooks - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, 1949); engineer (East Geelong, 1954; Bulleen, 1963-1977)

===''CROPLEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cropley|Cropley, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-YVK] - 1893(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: N735 Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922); 2HT Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of Mervyn Eric Cropley - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Homebush, 1930-1933) 

* [[/Mervyn Eric Cropley|Cropley, Mervyn Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLG-MYS] - 1920(NSW)-1951(Aus) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 403, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 2HT Eric William Cropley - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Homebush, 1943); salesman (Blaxland, 1949)

===''CROSS''===

* [[/Francis James Cross|Cross, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVMN-ZWY] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2FX Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1933; CBD, 1933-1934); 2FX Sydney (Rockdale, 1935; Mascot, 1936-1939; Eastlakes, 1946); 2FX Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 914, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 429, 1933; COCP1 500, 1941; TVOCP 30, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); fitter (Hamilton, NSW, 1933); police trainee (Redfern, NSW, 1935); constable (Mascot, NSW, 1936-1943); shopkeeper (Lambton, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CROUCH''===

* [[/Cecil Stanley Crouch|Crouch, Cecil Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-ZL1] - 1889(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: XCC Sydney (Randwick, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor salesman (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1954); motor trader (North Sydney, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/Ernest Casimir Crouch|Crouch, Ernest Casimir &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-9JQ] - 1908(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2QJ Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1923); 2EC Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1939); 2EC Orange (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 16, 1924, No. 6 in NSW; COCP1 201, 1931; TVOCP 123, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; Mosman Radio Laboratories 1927 (proprietor?) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Orange, NSW, 1943-1968); TV engineer (Orange, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CROW''===

* [[/Reginald Keith Crow|Crow, Reginald Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPT-W7V] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 898, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); inspector (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1937-1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carnegie, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''CROWDER''===

* Crowder, Joyce Isabel see Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel

===''CROWLEY''===

* [[/Cornelius Crowley|Crowley, Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC44-R9T] - 1896(Qld)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Parkes (1934-1936); 2AED Broken Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1300, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930; Narrabri, NSW, 1931-1932); public supply engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1936); town clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''CROWTHER''===

* [[/Clifford Haigh Crowther|Crowther, Clifford Haigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3F-6SQ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJDQ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); pharmacist (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925; Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954); pharmacist (Brighton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Robert Calder Crowther|Crowther, Robert Calder &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M49C-V7C] - 1919(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2130, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Concord West, NSW, 1943); bank officer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); banker (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); grazier (Hoddles Creek, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CUFFE''===

* [[/Ian Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Ian Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-LXC] - 1913(NZ)-2015(Eng) - Licences: 2XC Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 987, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2AMA-2AM Lionel Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1943);

* [[/Lionel Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Lionel Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-2Z2] - 1910(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2AMA Sydney (Mosman, 1939) 2AM Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1955; St Ives, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2266, 1939, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: brother of 2XC Ian Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1934-1943); salesman (Tamaterau, NZ, 1972)

===''CULLERTON''===

* [[/Hugh Cullerton|Cullerton, Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKM-RHG] - 1910(Sct)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIY Sydney (Ramsgate, 1937-1938; Sans Souci, 1939); 2ZG Sydney (Sans Souci, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2007, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Carlton, NSW, 1934-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1936-1937; Sans Souci, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''CULLINAN''===

* [[/Christopher Albert Cullinan|Cullinan, Christopher Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF8-PWL] - 1906(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Receive Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1923); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924); 3DR Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924-1925); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1927-1931; Brunswick East, 1933); 7XW Launceston (1954-1955); 3AXU Colac (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 821, 1924 (Spark); AOLCP 143, 1934; COCP1 545, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Diggers Rest, Vic, 1928-1931; Mitchell, Vic, 1934); engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1936); journalist (Kew, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1943-1954; Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Colac, Vic, 1977)

===''CULLIVER''===

* [[/Francis Norman Seth Culliver|Culliver, Francis Norman Seth &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-SWD] - 1891(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3DP Receive Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1922); 3DP Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923-1925; Hawthorn, 1925-1927); 3UG Melbourne (Rye, 1948-1956); 3UG Queenscliff (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of Keith Norman Culliver &amp; Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1931-1954)

* [[/Ian Douglas Culliver|Culliver, Ian Douglas &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-WDM] - 1916?(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 655, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Keith Norman Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

* [[/Keith Norman Culliver|Culliver, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-753] - 1914(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 656, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

===''CUMMING''===

* [[/Maxwell Charles Cumming|Cumming, Maxwell Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-89K] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939; East Malvern, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1913, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963); exporter (Chadstone, Vic, 1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Humberstone Cumming|Cumming, William Humberstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLF-9FS] - 1903(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3BK Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Notting Hill, 1931); engineer (Cheltenham, 1931); contractor (Malvern, 1936-1949); engineer (Malvern, 1954)

===''CUMMINGS''===

* [[/Bruce Cummings|Cummings, Bruce]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1928, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''CUMMINS''===

* [[/Reginald Vincent Cummins|Cummins, Reginald Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-FLN] - 1911(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4VC Brisbane (Newmarket, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1939, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (East Ipswich, Qld, 1934-1937); public servant (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''CUMPSTON''===

* [[/Lennard Wesley Cumpston|Cumpston, Lennard Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVN-RV2] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 2AJZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1938); 3ZE Melbourne (St Kilda, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2028, 1937, NSW; BOCP 71, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); A. R. A. (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); army (Queenscliff, Vic, 1954); A.R.A. (Downer, ACT, 1963-1968); assurance representative (Miami Keys, Qld, 1972; Rio Vista, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CUNLIFFE''===

* [[/James August Cunliffe|Cunliffe, James August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KX-DQW] - 1904(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZO Melbourne (Croxton, 1930-1931; Preston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947); 3AZO Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1954; East Preston, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 597, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinet maker (Preston, 1927); electrician (Preston East, 1931-1942); cabinet maker (Preston East, 1949); carpenter (Preston East, 1963-1980)

===''CUNNINGHAM''===

* [[/Alan Francis Cunningham|Cunningham, Alan Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWB-Z74] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Altona, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2429, 1940, Vic; 2COCP 1265, 1953 - amateur operator; WW2; HMAN dockyard; DCA, New Guinea - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newport, Vic, 1934-1942); radio mechanic (Altona, Vic, 1949); PNG, 1950s?; technician (Redcliffe, Qld, 1963); fisherman (Second Beach, Cairns, Qld, 1968); technician (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1972); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Cunningham-12254 Wikitree]

* [[/Robert Hugh Cunningham|Cunningham, Robert Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-Z7M] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3ML Melbourne (Malvern, 1928-1937; Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Frankston, 1946-1947; Malvern, 1948-1980+); 3AMM Portable Melbourne (Malvern, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 463, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics retailer (R. H. Cunningham) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Malvern, Vic, 1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1936-1937); RAAF (Frankston, Vic, 1949); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980) - Links: [https://www.afr.com/companies/back-on-a-sound-footing-19890505-kakg2 AFR]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1508824 Bulletin]

===''CUREDALE''===

* [[/Albert John Curedale|Curedale, Albert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-S41] - 1914(Aus)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6AE Perth (City, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1385, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: presser (North Perth, WA, 1943-1949; West Perth, WA, 1954; Leederville, WA, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert Gordon Curedale|Curedale, Robert Gordon]] - 1906(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 837, 1924; 2COCP 369, 1931; 1COCP 141, 1937 -  - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1931); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (Croydon, NSW, 1943); farming (Watheroo, WA, 1949); geophysicist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968); retired (North Beach, WA, 1972; Maylands, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CURETON''===

* [[/John Poyner Cureton|Cureton, John Poyner &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L29Y-H1R] - 1905(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2AY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2AY Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1930); 2AU Sydney (Burwood, 1930-1933; Gordon, 1933-1934; Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2AU Little Hartley (1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 168, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AY callsign withdrawn by PMGD in 1930 and reallocated to new commercial 2AY Albury - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Burwood, 1930; Parkes, 1936); engineer (Burwood, 1943); grazier (Little Hartley, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2AY-2AU - John Poyner Cureton&quot;

===''CURLE''===

* [[/George Clarence Curle|Curle, George Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ25-DZZ] - 1914(NSW)-1941(Egypt) - Licences: 2AJB Sydney (Chullora, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1813, 1937, NSW; BOCP 310, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10305436 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624976 VWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=65995 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''CURLEWIS''===

* [[/Nigel Unwin Curlewis|Curlewis, Nigel Unwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMW-PM6] - 1912(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AHC Sydney (Killara, 1937-1939; Newport, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1964, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1935); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1937); company proprietor (Pymble, NSW, 1943); salesman (Narrabeen, NSW, 1949); advertising executive (Mosman, NSW, 1954); advertising director (Lindfield, NSW, 1958); advertising executive (Chatswood, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CURNOCK''===

* [[/Louis George John Curnock|Curnock, Louis George John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP72-HW8] - 1903(Canada)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Matraville, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 749, 1922 (Marconi); COCP2 84, 1930; COCP1 26, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Long Bay, NSW, 1930; Myilly Point, Darwin, 1934-1937);

===''CURNOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Ross Curnow|Curnow, Geoffrey Ross &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-2KN] - 1935(???)-2015(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (wireless &amp; broadcasting), &quot;The history of the development of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia to 1942, with especial reference to the Australian Broadcasting Commission : a political and administrative study&quot; - Relationships: Son-in-law of 2ST-2FW - Francis Prosser Woolacott - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Seaforth, NSW, 1963); lecturer (Dural, NSW, 1980)

===''CURRIE''===

* [[/Francis Benjamin John Currie|Currie, Francis Benjamin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8JP] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: None yet found - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 395, 1928, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: checker (Albert Park, Vic, 1936); storeman (Semaphore, 1939; Queensbury, 1941)

* [[/James Lawrence Currie|Currie, James Lawrence &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-9GW] - 1905(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Bundaberg (1936-1937); 4LC Proserpine (1938-1939); 4LC St George (1946-1956); 4LC Brisbane (Dutton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1631, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; power station engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, Qld, 1929; Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Blackhall, Qld, 1943; St George, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Caboolture, Qld, 1958)

===''CURTIS''===

* [[/H. Curtis|Curtis, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACZ Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Curtis|Curtis, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AI Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CUSACK''===

* [[/Leo Chanel Cusack|Cusack, Leo Chanel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YN-49P] - 1897(NSW)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Port Moresby (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 229, 1916; 1COCP 319, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maroubra, 1930); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1931-1936; Maroubra, 1943); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1949); radio operator (Darwin, 1949-1954); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1958-1963); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Sidney Claude Cusack|Cusack, Sidney or Sydney Claude or Claud]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW42-D16] - 1885(Eng)-1973(Canada) - Licences: 5CK Adelaide (Dulwich, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 5, 1914 (No. 5 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system) - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1916)

===''CUSHEN''===

* [[/Arthur Thomas Cushen|Cushen, Arthur Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQL-FP3] - 1920(NZ)-1997(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1930s to 1990s; DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club, DX Australia) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen/ Autobiography]; [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tributes]

===''CUSICK''===

* [[/John Albert Cusick|Cusick, John Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPF-J23] - 1916(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948; Sunshine, 1954-1955; Heathmont, 1956-1965; Vermont, 1969; Mooroolbark, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2137, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1947; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 
labourer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1937); driver (Richmond, Vic, 1942); mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); soldier (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1954); examiner (Heathmont, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''CUSITER''===

* [[/Robert William Macgregor Cusiter|Cusiter, Robert William Macgregor &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6H8-73C] - 1908(NSW)-1970(???) - Licences: 2RW Sydney (Lewisham, 1925-1926; Turramurra, 1927-1929; Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1931-1939, 1946-1955; Hornsby, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 203, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1930-1949; Hornsby, 1958-1968) - Comment: AWA, PMGD, WW2 (worked on defence electronics)

===''CUTHBERT''===

* [[/Henry Cuthbert|Cuthbert, Henry]] - 1829(Irl)-1907(Vic) - Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1877-Jul 1878; Mar 1880-Aug 1880)

===''CUTTS''===

* [[/Gregory Maxwell Cutts|Cutts, Gregory Maxwell &quot;Maxwell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBR-22Q] - 1903(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2GM Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 17, 1924, No. 7 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor (2ML, Mosman Radio Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, 1930-1937; Abbotsford, 1949); sales manager (North Ryde, 1954-1963); manager (Cheltenham, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2GM - Gregory Maxwell Cutts&quot;

=='''D'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''DAHL''===

* [[/Norman Luja Dahl|Dahl, Norman Luja]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L433-MY6] - 1888(NZ)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Wahroonga, 1933-1937); 4ND Ayr (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1079, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 249, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: consulting engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1935); teacher (Wahroonga, NSW, 1937); company director (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Oscar Sydney Dahl|Dahl, Oscar Sydney &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLWV-S5D] - 1904(NZ)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4KA Ayr (1933-1935); 7KA Hobart (1947); 4KA Ayr (1948); 9KA Lae (1969); 4VT Innisfail (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1151, 1933, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; surveyor - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Arapuni, NZ,  1928-1931); tramline engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1931-1936); engineer (Gordonvale, Qld, 1937); civil engineer (Fitzgerald, Tas, 1943; Ayr, Qld, 1949-1958); surveyor (Innisfail, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''DALBY''===

* [[/John Dalby|Dalby, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BI Adelaide (SA School of Mines, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Directories: lecturer (School of Mines, Adelaide, 1922-1934) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DALE''===

* [[/Basil Dale|Dale, Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DR-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-2017(NSW)102yo - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939; Penshurst, 1946-1947); 2AW Sydney (Mangerton, 1969; Vaucluse, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1400, 1934, NSW; COCP1 607, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Kogarah, NSW, 1943); accountant (Wollongong, NSW, 1963-1972); university lecturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Reginald Dale|Dale, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X8-Z22] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1948; Croydon, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 10, 1936; COCP2 93, 1937; TVOCP 370, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943); electrical technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1968); electronics (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972-1977); electrician (Panania, NSW, 1980); retired (Forster, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alfred Doubledee Dale|Dale, Thomas Alfred Doubledee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FG-BWL] - 1907(Tas)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3TD Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1931; Cheltenham, 1933); 4TD Rockhampton (1947-1948); 4TD Cooktown (1954-1956); 4TD Brisbane (Eight Mile Plains, 1960); 4TD Cairns (1965); 4TD Charleville, 1969-1975); 4TD Gold Coast (Labrador, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1140, 1929; COCP2 255, 1930; COCP1 293, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); air radio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949); senior communications officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1954); public servant (Annerley, Qld, 1958; Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1963); radio officer (Charleville, Qld, 1968-1972); retired (Jacobs Well, Qld, 1977; Labrador, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Clifford Dale|Dale, Thomas Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-3KS] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2QO Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1937; Balmoral, 1938; Kingsford, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1934); operator (Petersham, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Chatswood, NSW, 1954-1963; Millwood, NSW, 1968; Chatswood, NSW, 1972)

===''DALTON''===

* [[/Robert Martin Dalton|Dalton, Robert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-SH3] - 1897(Vic)-1949(Vic) - Licences: XLB Melbourne (Auburn, 1913); 3UI Mildura (1923-1925); 3UI Melbourne (Balaclava, 1925-1926; Caulfield, 1927; Camberwell, 1931-1933); 3UN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 158, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Mildura, 1919-1924); radio engineer (Hawthorn, 1926-1927); clerk (Camberwell, 1928); sales (Camberwell, 1931-1949)

===''DALZIEL''===

* [[/Kenneth Elston Dalziel|Dalziel, Kenneth Elston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-WH4] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Sale (1932-1933); 1SK Heard Island (1954); 3AOA Patterson Lakes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 983, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 109, 1933; 1COCP 92, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAAF Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1937); operator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); radio operator (Townsville, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1977; Patterson Lakes, Vic, 1980)

===''DAN''===

* [[/Alexander Morven Dan|Dan, Alexander Morven]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ6-4SJ] - 1916(NSW)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ABU Sydney (Potts Point, 1936-1938; Point Piper, 1939; Neutral Bay, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1954; Coogee, 1955; Bellevue Hill, 1956-1965; Darling Point, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1605, 1936, NSW; COCP3 4278, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (La Perouse, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1963); doctor (Darling Point, NSW, 1968-1972); medical practitioner (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.smh.com.au/national/kokoda-diggers-owed-a-lot-to-the-skill-of-dr-dan-20120816-24b84.html Obit]

===''DANE''===

* [[/John Edward Dane|Dane, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYF7-5RS] - 1868(Eng)-1928(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3JD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Hawthorn, 1908-1909); merchant (Auburn, 1912-1927)

===''DANGERFIELD''===

* [[/Horace Edgar Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Horace Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3H-85N] - 1895(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XMT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (A.I.F.) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, Vic, 1922); sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1924); warehouseman (Auburn, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1931; Auburn, Vic, 1936-1937); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Joseph Henry Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Joseph Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-22D] - 1911(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NF Townsville (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1686, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (radio electrical salesman) - Relationships: brother of 4NL Norman Gerard Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1937-1954); mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Airlie Beach, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Gerard Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Norman Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-5FD] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NL Ayr (1936-1939); 4ND Ayr (1956-1965); 4ND Brisbane (Sherwood, 1969-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1687, 1936, Qld; BOCP 1062, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Elphinstones); broadcast technician (4AY, ABC Townsville); business proprietor (radio) - Halcyon: AOCP at 16yo - Relationships: brother of 4NF Joseph Henry Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Ayr, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Ayr, Qld, 1954; Home Hill, Qld, 1958); clerk (Sherwood, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''DANIEL''===

* [[/Gordon William Henry Daniel|Daniel, Gordon William Henry or post WW2 William Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L43M-K5H] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3NX Warracknabeal (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1919, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1942); mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949-1977)

* [[/Louis Septimus Daniel|Daniel, Louis Septimus]] - 1834(Eng)-1909(Vic) - experimented with etheric force in mid 1870s, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society of Victoria, member), employment (Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs, concluding acting Secretary, 1897), linguist

===''DANKS''===

* [[/Francis Xavier Danks|Danks, Francis or Francis Xavier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCQ-815] - 1899(Sct)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4FD Rockhampton (1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2282, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, turner, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1972)

===''DARCH''===

* [[/Percy William Darch|Darch, Percy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC69-9XY] - 1895(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XADX Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1935); salesman (Penshurst, 1936-1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''D'ARCY''===

* [[/Norman Elsmore D'Arcy|D'Arcy, Norman Elsmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXQ-46F] - 1897(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XAAF Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Five Dock, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Wembley, WA, 1954; North Steyne, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1958); retired (Eastwood, NSW, 1963; Katoomba, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''DARK''===

* [[/Edward John Dark|Dark, Edward John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-PGR] - 1904(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ADQ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Canley Vale, 1950-1954; Narraweena, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1718, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bus-driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; Canley Vale, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Narraweena, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''DARLEY''===

* [[/Ernest John Darley|Darley, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4BX-9ZK] - 1898(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CJ Perth (South Perth, 1923-1930) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 243, 1916; 2COCP 835, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor importer (South Perth, 1925-1936); importer (Rockingham, 1943); technician (South Perth, 1954-1963)

===''DAVENPORT''===

* [[/Waldron Keith Davenport|Davenport, Waldron Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNNF-TQG] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1919); medical practitioner (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1928; Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Lower Plenty, Vic, 1943-1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''DAVEY''===

* [[/Harold Barrett Davey|Davey, Harold Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYY-FN4] - 1898(Tas)-1948(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Launceston, 1922); electrician (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/John Alfred Davey|Davey, John Alfred &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6X-FSF] - 1913(SA)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2YE Sydney (Glebe Point, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Homebush, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 19, 1934; 3COCP 1029, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Toxteth, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Anderton Davey|Davey, John Anderton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-3ZH] - 1909(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3AD Melbourne (Brighton, 1925-1926; Elsternwick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 66, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); importer (South Yarra, Vic, 1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949); director (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968); manufacturer's agent

* [[/Ralph William Davey|Davey, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGN-W9X] - 1916(SA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 5KD Adelaide (North Croydon, 1935-1939; Mile End, 1947; Blanchetown, 1948); 5DY Portable Adelaide (North Croydon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1481, 1935, SA; 1COCP 515, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Ridleyton North, SA, 1939; Whyalla, SA, 1941-1948); RAAF (Guildford, WA, 1958; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIDSON''===

* [[/E. R. Davidson|Davidson, E. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FP Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Frank James Davidson|Davidson, William Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSMG-5X6] - 1903(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 2FD Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 984, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 316, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1937); officer-in-charge radio station (Charleville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio technician (Charleville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Everton Park, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIES''===

* [[/Frederick Mostyn Davies|Davies, Frederick Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD1-DM7] - 1919(WA)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6FD Boulder (1939, 1947-1948); 6FD Bunbury (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2376, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); electrical inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1949-1963); inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gwilym Thomas Davies|Davies, Gwilym Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTKP-QHF] - 1901(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3GD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 634, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 286, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Preston, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Davies|Davies, Harold Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-9V9] - 1911(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2DB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1497, 1935, NSW; COCP3 249, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1937); police constable (Randwick North, NSW, 1943); manager (Hurstville, NSW, 1949); telephone technician (Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1958); technical instructor (Middle Cove, NSW, 1963; Roseville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Harold Elvin Davies|Davies, Harold Elvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-B9B] - 1912(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2BZ Newcastle (Tighe's Hill, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Lambton, 1954-1961; Charlestown, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1653, 1936, NSW; BOCP 179, 1938; COCP1 823, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Waratah, NSW, 1933-1934); radio mechanic (Tighes Hill, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Lambton, 1954-1963); teacher (Charlestown, NSW, 1968); Landlord (Palm Beach, Qld, 1969); teacher (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Henry Tempest Davies|Davies, Henry Tempest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G889-FX9] - 1900(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6HD Perth (Highgate Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 563, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Balkatta, 1921); police officer (Mundijong, 1943); sergeant (Victoria Park, 1949-1958; Lathlain Park, 1963-1977; Victoria Park, 1980)

* [[/Ivor James Davies|Davies, Ivor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-8PS] - 1912(Wales)-2005(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ID Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1623, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1954); radio technician (Mentone, Vic, 1967-1968); technician (Ashwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/James Braid Davies|Davies, James Braid &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQVD-BTH] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2JD Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1930; Croydon, 1931); 2JD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933); 2JD Quirindi (1934-1936); 2JD Cabarita (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 328, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Croydon, NSW, 1933-1934); draftsman (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954); engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958); mechanical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Cuthbert Davies|Davies, John Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-VJ7] - 1911(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (Middle Park, 1936-1937; Brighton, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1803, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1936); radio serviceman (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); inspector (Albert Park, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Lloyd Evan Davies|Davies, Lloyd Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHS-PRH] - 1909(NSW)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2QI Sydney (Vaucluse, 1936-1938); 2QI Wentworth Falls (1939); 5QI Adelaide (Brighton, 1947; Ashford, 1948; Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1761, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (1971); DSCM - Electoral Rolls: professor of music (Vaucluse, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110446544 OBE]

* [[/Reginald Raymond Clifford Davies|Davies, Reginald Raymond Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGM-73Y] - 1915(SA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 5LJ Adelaide (Goodwood Park, 1933-1939; Plympton, 1947-1948); 3AY Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1960; Heathmont, 1965-1969); 6BQ Perth (Bickley, 1975); 6BQ Denmark (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1138, 1933, SA; BOCP 121, 1937; 1COCP 534, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM Berri, SA, 1941); mechanic (Plympton, SA, 1941-1943); public servant (Prahran, Vic, 1954); retired (Bickley, WA, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas John Davies|Davies, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW36-KPN] - 1901(Wales)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ADS Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939); 2ADA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1947-1950; Fairfield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1747, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miller (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1943); factory manager (Toxteth, NSW, 1949)

===''DAVIS''===

* [[/C. E. Davis|Davis, C. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9DK Kavieng (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clive Eric Davis|Davis, Clive Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNX4-W2M] - 1931(Qld)-2023(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1326, 1953; TVOCP 1362, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast control operator (Manly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Gordon Samuel Davis|Davis, Gordon Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQJ-CX3] - 1909(NSW)-1989(Eng) - Licences: 2ACC Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (HMAS Albatross, East Sydney, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical mechanic (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Henry Hargan Davis|Davis, Henry Hargan or Hargon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT6C-6MB] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Strathfield, 1923-1924); 2HH Sydney (Strathfield, 1926-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 289, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Strathfield, 1930-1936); engineer (Strathfield, 1943) - Professor Henry Hargan Davis, BSc, BE (Syd), PhD (Camb), 1946-1973 (Emeritus Professor 1974) [https://docplayer.net/82920769-Engineering-education-the-university-of-adelaide.html]

* [[/James Davis|Davis, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2H-CG3] - 1916(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AFY Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Rose Bay, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1599, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Ross Raleigh Davis|Davis, Ross Raleigh &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ54-9Q4] - 1907(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2DS Receive Sydney (Vaucluse, 1920-1922); 2DS Sydney (Vaucluse, 1923-1929; Double Bay, 1930-1933; Rose Bay, 1933-1938; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 249, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 934, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: accompanied 2CM on the SS Tahiti; education (Sydney Technical College, Electrical Engineering Degree); employment (AWA, engineer, 1925-1973) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Double Bay, 1930; Rose Bay, 1933-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1958; Rose Bay, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2DS - Ross Raleigh Davis&quot;

===''DAVOREN''===

* [[/Patrick Joseph Davoren|Davoren, Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9V8-193] - 1917(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5KM Victor Harbour (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2231, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943)

===''DAWSON''===

* [[/Alfred Dawson|Dawson, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 559, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: stovemaker (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1930); storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1933) 

* [[/Donald Dawson|Dawson, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-KM5] - 1913(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2DD Tamworth (1935-1939); 2YU Tamworth (1948-1955); 4YU Mackay (1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1411, 1935, NSW; BOCP 169, 1938; COCP3 3209, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car trimmer (Tamworth, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (2TM Station, Duri, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Mt Bassett, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Richard Stanley Dawson|Dawson, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2NQ] - 1897(Vic)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XZP Hobart (1913-1914); 3DA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 282, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1919); electrical engineer (Melbourne, 1921-1924; Toorak, 1925-1926; South Yarra, 1927-1928); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1930; Mosman, 1931-1972; Roseville, NSW, 1977)

===''DAY''===

* [[/Clement Jackson Day|Day, Clement Jackson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXK-KXH] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GY Camperdown (1931-1933); 3GY Yarraville (1937-1939); 3GY Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1969); 3GY Geelong (Wallington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 748, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarraville, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Wallington, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Day|Day, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-5NB] - 1900(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939, 1946-1947; Drummoyne, 1948; Liverpool, 1954-1957; Yagoona, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1394, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Cabramatta, NSW, 1930; Kogarah, NSW, 1932-1936); technician (Liverpool, NSW, 1954); radio mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1968); mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Percival Edwin Day|Day, Percival Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS27-MCP] - 1913(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3PP Fiskville (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1119, 1933, Vic; COCP1 336, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cadet technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1936-1949); radio technician (Jannali, NSW, 1958-1968; Como, NSW, 1972; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ralph Framingham Day|Day, Ralph Framingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-YYT] - 1917(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3RD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1652, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/William Day|Day, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5V-BFB] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AKV Sydney (Normanhurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 164, 1938; COCP1 273, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Cammaray, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Kingsford, NSW, 1954; OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DEAMAN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Deaman|Deaman, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCQ-JYM] - 1913(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2ADH Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Guildford, 1946-1950); 2ADH Old Bar (1954); 2ADH Sydney (Liverpool, 1955-1957; Dundas, 1958-1969); 2ADH Callala Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1720, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: half tone etcher (Haberfield, NSW, 1934-1937); process engraver (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949); carpenter (Old Bar, NSW, 1954); half-tone etcher (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Callala Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''DEANE''===

* [[/Launston Alexander Deane|Deane, Launston Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-182] - 1909(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5LD Adelaide (Tusmore, 1933; Hazelwood Park, 1937-1939; Royston Park, 1947-1955; Hazelwood Park, 1956-1965; St Georges, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1090, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Philip Morris Deane|Deane, Philip Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4L7-PFP] - 1901(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZM Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1954; Cheltenham, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Dural, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Raymond Kyrle Deane|Deane, Raymond Kyrle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-HB1] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)93yo - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1728, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1941); clerk (Fullarton, SA, 1943)

===''DEARNESS''===

* [[/Harry Sinclair Dearness|Dearness, Harry Sinclair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCW-RRF] - 1921(Sct)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4KW Mackay (1939, 1947-1975); 4KW Brisbane (Strathpine, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2328, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (radio &amp; TV mechanic) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1949-1972; Strathpine, Qld, 1980)

===''DE BAVAY''===

* [[/Francis Jean Xavier de Bavay|de Bavay, Francis Jean or John Xavier ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFJ-D1R] - 1887(Vic)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 4FO Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Kew, Vic, 1909); brewer (West Perth, WA, 1916); chemist (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1921); manager (New Farm, Qld, 1925); master brewer (Cascades, Tas, 1928-1936); manager (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''DE CRESPIGNY''===

* [[/Philip Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Philip Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJG-QN9] - 1879(Vic)-1918(Palestine) - Licences: XPU Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: half brother of 3FM Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/370943 VWMA]; [https://anneyoungau.wordpress.com/2013/04/24/philip-champion-de-crespigny-1879-1918/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Royalieu Dana Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH7P-7SD] - 1905(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Brighton, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Elmhurst, 1936-1949); farmer (Cobden, 1954; South Ecklin, 1963-1980) - Relationships: half brother of XPU Philip Champion de Crespigny

===''DE CURE''===

* [[/John Edward Gerard de Cure|de Cure, John Edward Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVD6-DWD] - 1899(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1929-1933); 5KO Adelaide (Glenelg, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 2KO Sydney (Artarmon, 1957-1958); 5KO Adelaide (Fulham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 535, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 22, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, 1954); public servant (North Carlton, 1921-1924; Coburg, 1927-1934; Artarmon, NSW, 1958)

===''DEEGAN''===

* [[/Stanley Edward Deegan|Deegan, Stanley Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYK3-2V3] - 1893(Tas)-1944(Tas) - Licences: 7AK Hobart (St Virgil's College, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; public servant (State &amp; Federal, PMGD); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922); civil servant (Hobart, 1928-1936); postal official (Hobart, 1943)

===''DEER''===

* [[/Percival William Deer|Deer, Percival William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DJ-9ZF] - 1901(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5DR Adelaide (Seacliff, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 451, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brighton, 1939-1943)

===''DELBRIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Joseph Robert Delbridge|Delbridge, Reginald Joseph Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L439-HNM] - 1888(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4RJ Childers (1927); 4RJ Brisbane (Paddington, 1931-1933; Booval, 1937-1939); 4RJ Stanthorpe (1946-1948); 4RJ Brisbane (Northgate, 1954-1955; Toowong, 1956); 4RJ Burleigh Heads (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 383, 1927, No. 42 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), minister of religion - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Ingham, 1917-1919); minister (Kingaroy, 1925); clergyman (Ashgrove, 1943); minister (Stanthorpe, 1949); minister of religion (New Farm, 1954); Methodist Minister (Toowong, 1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963)

===''DELLIT''===

* [[/Samuel Stephen Dellit|Dellit, Samuel Stephen]] - Licences: VK4ZSS Brisbane, VK3 Melbourne, VK1DXA Canberra - Qualifications: AOLCP Q0078, 1971 - amateur operator, broadcast DXer, broadcast planning engineer, federal public servant, radio historian (aeradio, amateur, broadcast, coastal)

===''DELMAR''===

* [[/Edwin Chisholm Delmar|Delmar, Edwin Chisholm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KG-D8C] - 1906(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2XZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1934-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1252, 1934, NSW; COCP2 42, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless officer (New Farm, Qld, 1941-1943); radio officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''DEMPSEY''===

* [[/Walter McInnes Dempsey|Dempsey, Walter McInnes &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQN-B69] - 1910(Vic)-2010(Vic)100yo - Licences: 3WD Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1929-1931); 7WD Cambridge (1948); 3AZD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954); 3WD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1955-1969; Oak Park, 1975); 3WD Marong (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 515, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 41, 1931; 1COCP 217, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1936-1937); radio operator (Mentone, Vic, 1942); aeradio operator (Cambridge, Tas, 1949); public servant (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1954-1968; Oak Park, Vic, 1972); retired (Marong, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DENBY''===

* [[/Harry Roy Denby|Denby, Harry Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTS-LLS] - 1906(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4FR Receive Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923); 4AX Brisbane (Kedron, 1936-1939); 4AX Cairns (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1800, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937; Cairns, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''DENHOLM''===

* [[/Ivo Hart Denholm|Denholm or Denham, Ivo Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRT8-DHN] - 1909(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3UD Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1956; East Brighton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1657, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1931); clerk (Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1937; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1949; Coburg West, Vic, 1954); company director (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1968; Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''DENISON''===

* [[/Hugh Robert Denison|Denison or Dixson, Hugh Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-WTC] - 1865(NSW)-1940(Vic) - born Hugh Robert Dixson; businessman, parliamentarian, philanthropist; director of Australasian Wireless Co. then Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) - Links: [[w:Hugh Denison|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/denison-sir-hugh-robert-5955 ADB]

===''DENNEEN''===

* [[/Harold Roy Denneen|Denneen, Harold Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-6YG] - 1894(NSW)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (A/g Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928-1937)

===''DENNETT''===

* [[/Phillip Roy Dennett|Dennett, Phillip or Philip Roy or Ray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNX4-D9K] - 1897(SA)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 5IV Berri (1931-1938); 4IV Camooweal (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 799, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Morningside, Qld, 1943; West End, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Morningside, Qld, 1963-1977)

===''DENNIS''===

* [[/Gordon Walker Dennis|Dennis, Gordon Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G988-L7W] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3TF Melbourne (Footscray, 1937-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1948; Footscray, 1954-1956; West Yarraville, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2030, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Footscray North, 1931-1942); manager (Yarraville, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''DENT''===

* [[/Harold Fredrick Dent|Dent, Harold Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-6JN] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AHU Sydney (Rhodes, 1937-1938; Strathfield, 1939; Concord, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1975, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1936; Rhodes, NSW, 1937); electrician (Concord, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical engineer (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1963)

===''DERHAM''===

* [[/Frederick John Walcott Derham|Derham, Frederick John Walcott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-H9J] - 1900(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJR Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Werribee, Vic, 1937); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1943); director (Malvern, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Frederick Thomas Derham|Derham, Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6G1-7H6] - 1844(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victorian Postmaster-General (1886-1890) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/derham-frederick-thomas-3398 ADB]

===''DERRICK''===

* [[/V. M. Derrick|Derrick, V. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2VM Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DERRY''===

* [[/John Frederick Derry|Derry, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-MNQ] - 1909(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Harbord, 1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1259, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Manly, NSW, 1930); carpenter (Manly, NSW, 1931-1933); radio mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1935-1937; Chatswood, NSW, 1943); pastry cook (St Leonards, NSW, 1949); proprietor (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, NSW, 1958; North Sydney, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DEUTGEN''===

* [[/Carl Friedrich Alfons Deutgen|Deutgen, Carl Friedrich Alfons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-JC5] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: XJA Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937-1949); agent (Melbourne, Vic, 1954)

===''D'EVELYNES''===

* [[/Claude D'Evelynes|D'Evelynes, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF39-3D8] - 1916(WA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 6DC Harvey (1935-1939); 2TZ Sydney (Mona Vale, 1948; Clifton Gardens, 1954-1955); 9TZ Rugli via Lae (1956); 2TZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1488, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Harvey, WA, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Mona Vale, NSW, 1949; Mosman, NSW, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DEVITT''===

* [[/Raymond Lane Devitt|Devitt, Raymond Lane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB11-PTK] - 1905(Tas)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6DR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 990, 1928; 2COCP 287, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); manager (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEVLIN''===

* [[/Henry William Devlin|Devlin, Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X1T-L2C] - 1896(NSW)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XHD Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 360, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Applied AIF 1918, Unfit due eyesight); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1980) - Comment: Father also named Henry William Devlin (physician, Manly, NSW, 1913)

===''DEWAN''===

* [[/John Owen Dewan|Dewan, John Owen (Electoral Rolls) or Owen John (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-2D4] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6JK Perth (Maylands, 1930-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933; City, 1937; North Perth, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 715, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 3COCP 188, 1936; 2COCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Maylands, WA, 1931; North Perth, 1934-1937); teacher (East Perth, WA, 1943); trade instructor (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEWAR''===

* [[/Arthur Edward Dewar|Dewar, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-CSX] - 1888(Vic)-1974(WA) - Licences: XYE Kalgoorlie (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Perth, WA, 1910; Perth, WA, 1915); engine fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916-1917); fitter &amp; turner (Bunbury, WA, 1925); fitter (West Australian Gov Railways, Collie, WA, 1931; Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Maylands, WA, 1954-1968); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1972)

* [[/R. A. Dewar|Dewar, R. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CN Receive Perth (Bassenden, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DEXTER''===

* [[/John Henry Dexter|Dexter, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G428-3PS] - 1906(Eng)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Melbourne (Northcote, 1926-1927); 3VR Melbourne (Sandringham, 1938-1939; Black Rock, 1946-1956; Parkdale, 1960-1965; Mt Eliza, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 241, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1927); engineer (Preston, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); radio mechanic (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''DICK''===

* [[/F. Dick|Dick, F.]] - abt 1883(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Ian Robert Sherriff Dick|Dick, Ian Robert Sherriff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZX-YBG] - 1908(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1419, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Daglish, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1954); orderly (Wembley, WA, 1958-1972)

===''DICKSON''===

* [[/Eric John Dickson|Dickson, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFP-V91] - 1906(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AFM Sydney (Guildford, 1937-1939; Harris Park, 1946-1961; Fairlight, 1965; Guildford, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1850, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Guildford, NSW, 1930-1937); repair assessor (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); buyer (Guildford, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Francis Percy Dickson|Dickson, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWK-1X2] - 1912(Canada)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AFB Sydney (Acton, 1936-1937); 2AFB Bega (1938); 2AFB Sydney (Cheltenham, 1939); 2FB Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1948; Cronulla, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1824, 1936, NSW; BOCP 124, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949; Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DIDDAMS''===

* [[/Robert Harlin Flower Diddams|Diddams, Robert Harlin or Harland Flower]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZN-YJP] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Toowong, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925); printer (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); retired (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1968)

===''DILLON''===

* [[/Arthur Ernest Dillon|Dillon, Arthur Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot; &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85L-HH7] - 1902(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1922); 4CH Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, 1925); engineer (New Farm, 1929); electrical engineer (Atherton, 1931-1932); electrician (Greenslopes, 1943-1954; Mt Gravatt, 1958)

===''DIMMOCK''===

* [[/Berton Lawrence Dimmock|Dimmock, Berton Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55T-FDB] - 1915(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1473, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: valve maker (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); foreman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DINEEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey John Dineen|Dineen, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8L-9R6] - 1919(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7GD Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1588, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 6330, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Launceston, 1949-1968)

===''DIRCKS''===

* [[/Alexander Alfred Dircks|Dircks, Alexander Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-6GN] - 1858(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - senior federal public servant (PMGD, Electrical Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DITTON''===

* [[/Edward William Arthur Ditton|Ditton, Edward William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-383] - 1912(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Annandale, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 228, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kentville, NSW, 1934-1935); aviator (New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937); pilot (South Brisbane, Qld, 1941); airline pilot (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); pilot (Hackett, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''DIXON''===

* [[/Arthur Gurnhill Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Gurnhill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G826-18S] - 1896(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XZA Wynyard (1913-1914); 3JG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3AD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AVE Melbourne (Nunawading, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 462, 1919; 2COCP 160, 1930; 1COCP 271, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wynyard, 1919); wireless mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); technician (Auburn, 1936-1937); inspector (Surrey Hills, 1943-1963) - Probate: retired marine inspector (Melbourne, 1966)

* [[/Arthur Lionel Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82F-YX7] - 1897(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 236 Sydney (Burwood, 1920); 2BS Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2AD Sydney (Canterbury, 1929; Strathfield, 1930); 4AD Brisbane (Norman Park, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 202, 1916; 2COCP 288, 1930; 1COCP 170, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Concord, NSW, 1930; Norman Park, Qld, 1931-1943); RANVR (Kyeemagh, 1943); engineer (Waverton, 1949; Eastwood, 1954; Lidcombe North, 1958); managing director (Blakehurst, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Frederick Musgrave Dixon|Dixon, Charles Frederick Musgrave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L27B-XXY] - 1894(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2II Receive Cootamundra (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cootamundra, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Goulburn, 1943; Annandale, 1949-1954; Camperdown, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Malcolm Dixon|Dixon, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWD1-HXH] - 1922(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); education (Scots College, 1935-1939); military (WW2, AIF, 1942-1945) - Links: [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2008decGS/74.htm Obit]

* [[/Lionel Stanley Dixon|Dixon, Lionel Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PR-QD2] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 3TE Melbourne (Croydon, 1947-1948; Elwood, 1954-1980); 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2177, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Glenferrie, Vic, 1934-1937); builder (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954-1967; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZI Condong (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4GF Victoria Hills, Herbert River (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Hilton Dixon|Dixon, Reginald Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82N-FQV] - 1915(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2QD Albury (1933-1937); 2QD Armidale (1938-1939); 2QD Albury (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1216, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (Albury, 1972-1977)

===''DOBBYN''===

* [[/Joseph McMullen Dobbyn|Dobbyn, Joseph McMullen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY39-PBK] - 1892(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3DO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 214, 1916 (Marconi); CPRT 266, 1916 (Telefunken); COCP1 45, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1914-1919); mechanic (Alphington, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); public servant (Darling, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''DOBLE''===

* [[/Allan Mackenzie Doble|Doble, Allan Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MW-KGZ] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3ZM Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1931-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Hughesdale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 807, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); traveller (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1968); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DODDS''===

* [[/John Stokell Dodds|Dodds, Sir John Stokell Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYR-2KQ] - 1906(Tas)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 7DJ Hobart (City, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 208, 1935; AOCP 1851, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Town, 1936-1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954); electrical engineer (Wahroonga, 1958-1968); manager (St Ives, 1972)

* [[/John William Matthew Dodds|Dodds, John William Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NX-3CT] - 19??(???)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KK Kurri Kurri (1930-1939); 2AZD Newcastle (New Lambton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 644, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: miner (Kuri Kurri, 1930-1949; New Lambton, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leonard Henry Dodds|Dodds, Leonard Henry &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLVS-Z6R] - 1908(NSW)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 2LD Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1931; Gordon, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, 1935-1936; Chatswood, 1937-1939); 4GD Townsville (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, RAAF); radio clubs (Townsville ARC, life member); employment (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator RAN (Chatswood, NSW, 1937); wireless operator RAAF (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio mechanic (Cape Pallarenda, Qld, 1954-1958); PMG technician (Townsville, Qld, 1959-1963); technician (Gulliver, Qld, 1968-1969; Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977; Yabul, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald George Dodds|Dodds, Ronald George]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''DODDY''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Doddy|Doddy, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-HWS] - 1899(Tas)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WH Perth (Claremont, 1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1817, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1958)

===''DODSON''===

* [[/Charles Ralph Dodson|Dodson, Charles Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVP-5DQ] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJCO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Fairfield, Vic, 1914); shop assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1915); chemist's assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1916-1924); chemist (Preston, Vic, 1925-1954)

===''DOHERTY''===

* [[/Francis Hugh Doherty|Doherty, Francis Hugh &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHVX-8NH] - 1918(Vic)-2008(ACT) - Licences: 3XE Melbourne (Mentone, 1937-1939; Balwyn, 1947); 4XE Townsville (Hyde Park, 1948); 6XE Perth (Pearce, 1954-1955); 1XE Canberra (Narrabundah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1936, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (West Perth, WA, 1943; St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); RAAF Officer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Pearce, WA, 1954); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1958; Syndal, Vic, 1967; Narrabundah, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrabundah, ACT, 1980)

===''DOHRMANN''===

* [[/George Stanley Glenville Dohrmann|Dohrmann, George Stanley Glenville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-TB8] - 1902(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922); 3AM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1926); warehouseman (Burwood, Vic, 1931; Canterbury, 1937-1943); agriculturalist (Mt Dandenong, 1949-1954; Mooroolbark, 1968-1980)

===''DOIG''===

* [[/Norman Louis Doig|Doig, Norman Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSD-M17] - 1912(WA)-2014(WA)101yo - Licences: 6ND Carnamah (1937-1939); 6CB Perth (Floreat Park, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2061, 1937, WA; 3COCP 1505, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carnamah, WA, 1936-1937; Floreat Park, WA, 1943); telegraphist (City Beach, WA, 1949; Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley, WA, 1968-1972); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1977-1980)

===''DONNE''===

* [[/Charles Walter Donne|Donne, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FC7] - 1897(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: XLO Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 2YD Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925); 3YD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 271, 1916; 2COCP 87, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (St Kilda, 1919-1924); technician (St Kilda, 1925-1931); dealer (Armadale, 1934-1937); investor (Mornington, 1943); grazier (Dromana, 1949-1954); nil (Mornington, 1963-1972) - Migration: South Africa (1955-1962)

===''DOOK''===

* [[/Valentine Lawson Dook|Dook, Valentine Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7X1-NJH] - 1903(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KB Perth (Maylands, 1931-1933; Mt Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 754, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter's assistant (East Perth, WA, 1931); oil plant attendant (Leederville, WA, 1936-1937); control room operator (Leederville, WA, 1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); electrical foreman (Wembley, WA, 1958-1977)

===''DOOLAN''===

* [[/Martin Joseph Doolan|Doolan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9XM-JDB] - 1913(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3AKO Melbourne (Balcombe, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AKU Colac (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1869, 1937, Vic; BOCP 198, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wangaratta, Vic, 1934); permanent soldier (Military Camp, Balcombe, Vic, 1949); technician (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1963; St Kilda, Vic, 1968)

===''DORWARD''===

* [[/William Haxton Dorward|Dorward, William Haxton, Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-X62] - 1901(Vic)-1937(NSW) - Licences: 3CA Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922-1923); 3CA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Sandringham, 1924-1926); grazier (Moama, 1930; Fort Station, Barnes, 1935-1937)

===''DOUBIKIN''===

* [[/William Thomas Henry Doubikin|Doubikin, William Thomas Henry]] - 1890(Vic)-1927(Tas) - Licences: Hobart Receive 1920s, early wireless experimenter (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, Councillor, 1924), passed too soon
===''DOUDNEY''===

* [[/Herbert William Doudney|Doudney, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MQDH-R32] - 1873(Eng)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Receive Melbourne (Balaclava, 1922); 3EM Melbourne (Balaclava, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 63, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion (Holy Trinity Church) - Electoral Rolls: vicar (St Kilda, 1924-1942); nil (Caulfield, 1949-1954; Elsternwick, 1963)

===''DOUGAN''===

* [[/Donald Hunter Dougan|Dougan, Donald Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQ5-MR5] - 1902(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AMF Gulgong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 948, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gulgong, NSW, 1930-1980)

===''DOUGLAS''===

* [[/Gavin Cunningham Douglas|Douglas, Gavin Cunningham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99J-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3YK Melbourne (Bayswater, 1931-1939, 1947-1950+; Blackburn, 1954; Canterbury, 1955-1960+; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 743, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bayswater, 1935-1949); sales representative (Canterbury, 1963; Surrey Hills, 1968-1980)

* [[/Gordon Adye Douglas|Douglas, Gordon Adye]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVY-WLJ] - 1878(Tas)-1957(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Receive Gormanston (1923); Receive Gormanston (1923); 7GD Gormanston (1924-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 34, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Gormanston, 1914-1928); draughtsman (Queenstown, 1936); geological surveyor (Queenstown, 1937-1943); no occupation (Hobart South, 1949; Blackman's Bay, 1954)

* [[/Hugh Alexander McKay Douglas|Douglas, Hugh Alexander McKay &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV3Y-3W4] - 1889(Eng)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2HD (Class B) Newcastle (1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Class B broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a Listener) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Newcastle, 1913); vulcaniser (Hamilton, 1930-1935); manager (Newcastle, 1936-1937); engineer (Mayfield, 1943; Hamilton, 1949)

* [[/Raymond Lindsay Douglas|Douglas, Raymond Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G719-RQD] - 1918(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ON Tamworth (1935-1939); 2ON Kempsey (1946-1947); 2ON Dapto (1948); 2ON Dubbo (1950); 2ON Sydney (Epping, 1955); 2ON Gosford (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1506, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Dapto, NSW, 1949; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/William Gordon Douglas|Douglas, William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-ST4] - 1900(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GA Lavers Hill (1931-1933); 3GA Curdie Vale (1937-1939); 3GA Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 828, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1914-1948) - Electoral Rolls: schoolmaster (Rochester, Vic, 1921); student (Parkville, Vic, 1924; Caulfield, Vic, 1925); school teacher (Mepunga East, Vic, 1927; Lavers Hill, Vic, 1928-1934; Mernda, Vic, 1936; Curdie Vale, Vic, 1937); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''DOVEY''===

* [[/R. L. Dovey|Dovey, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, possibly typo in initials - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DOWDING''===

* [[/Philip Lorens Thomas Dowding|Dowding, Philip Lorena or Loreno or Lorens Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH8-Z6D] - 1901(Tas)-19??(Vic) - Licences: 7AC Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Moonah, 1922); electrician (St Kilda, 1926-1931; Prahran, 1934; Melbourne, 1937; St Kilda, 1943-1949); electrical foreman (Eildon, 1954)

===''DOWE''===

* [[/Richard Cory Dowe|Dowe, Richard Cory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-V1S] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Lindfield, 1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2403, 1939, NSW; BOCP 495, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Lindfield, NSW, 1943); clerk (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); bank officer (Gladesville, NSW, 1954-1968; North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DOWLING''===

* [[/Richard Patrick Dowling|Dowling, Richard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SMP-52S] - 1903(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3XD Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1934-1939, 1947-1960; Montmorency, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1359, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Fitzroy, Vic, 1925-1927); constable (Fitzroy South, Vic, 1931-1954); process worker (Montmorency, Vic, 1963)

===''DOWNIE''===

* [[/Frederick William Downie|Downie, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y2-LQ8] - 1879(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victoria Police (wireless department, senior constable); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo VPF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broadford, 1903); constable (North Carlton, 1909-1924); senior constable (Preston, 1927-1936)

===''DOWNING''===

* [[/Edward Frank Downing|Downing, Edward Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-KTX] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CL Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: law student (South Perth, WA, 1931-1934); solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1980)

* [[/William Evan Downing|Downing, William Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHV4-K46] - 1874(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3LQ Warrnambool (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: brassfounder (Warrnambool, 1912-1937)

* [[/William George Downing|Downing, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2WQ-56L] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GD Stanhope (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1697, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Stanhope, Vic, 1931); wireless expert (Girgarre, Vic, 1934; Stanhope, Vic, 1936-1967); radio expert (Stanhope, Vic, 1972); TV service (Stanhope, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DOYLE''===

* [[/Herbert Laurence Doyle|Doyle, Herbert Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VG-WVC] - 1894(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1931); 3CR Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Kooyong, 1937; Frankston, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 697, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: independent means (St Arnaud, 1924); grazier (Malvern East, 1925-1927); clerk (Malvern East, 1931-1937); home duties (Malvern, 1943)

===''DRAEGER''===

* [[/Herbert William Draeger|Draeger, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCZ-36G] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XAD Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; pre-WW1 (3 years Corps Aust Signallers); WW1 (applied AIF 1915, fit for home service); WW2 (CMF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Newtown, Vic, 1912; Paddington, NSW, 1913); fitter (Blackburn, Vic, 1912-1917); poulterer (Coburg, Vic, 1917-1919); grocer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1924-1936); driver (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); pensioner (Sandringham, Vic, 1958)

===''DRAKE''===

* [[/James George Drake|Drake, James George]] - 1850(Eng)-1941(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1880s &amp; 1890s), state politician (Qld MLA, 1880s &amp; 1890s), politician (Postmaster-General 1901-1903)

===''DRANEY''===

* [[/Walter Edward Draney|Draney, Walter Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KLP-VT7] - 1896(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milton, Qld, 1919; Greenslopes, Qld, 1921-1928; Tully, Qld, 1937; Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba West, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Drayton, Qld, 1980)

===''DRANSFIELD''===

* [[/Reginald Beaumont Dransfield|Dransfield, Reginald Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-4VK] - 1906(Tas)-1947(ACT) - Licences: 2ALD Bungendore (1938-1939); 2ALD Canberra (Acton, 1946; Kingston, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2233, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Moore College, Camperdown, NSW, 1930); deacon (North Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); clergyman (Adaminaby, NSW, 1933; Adelong, NSW, 1936; Lake Bathurst, NSW, 1937)

===''DREDGE''===

* [[/Leslie Laurence Dredge|Dredge, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-YQP] - 1895(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XPV Melbourne (South Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Preston, Vic, 1926-1931); confectioner (Preston, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (Abbotsford, Vic, 1942-1949; Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Preston, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''DREW''===

* [[/Alfred John Drew|Drew, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-1HH] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5LN Adelaide (Kensington, 1933-1939; Erindale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1078, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Erindale, SA, 1943)

* [[/Charles William Drew|Drew, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPS1-3BB] - 1900(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 249 Sydney (Waverley, 1920); 2CD Sydney (Randwick, 1929-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 500, 1919; COCP2 386, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''DRISCOLL''===

* [[/Albert Edmund Driscoll|Driscoll, Albert Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL75-71C] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2KN Quirindi (1933-1939); 2BI Quirindi (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1126, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Quirindi, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''DU FEU''===

* [[/Maurice Albert James Du Feu|Du Feu, Maurice Albert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3M-V9D] - 1917(WA)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 6DF Perth (Subiaco, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; West Perth, 1954-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1965); 6DU Perth (West Perth, 1948); 2BMD Sydney (Lindfield, 1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1875, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: company director (West Perth, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (West Perth, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Lindfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DUBOIS''===

* [[/Paul Louis Dubois|Dubois, Paul Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZQ-QN3] - 1918(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4UJ Brisbane (Rosalie, 1936-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1947; South Brisbane, 1948; Highgate Hill, 1954-1960; Bardon 1960); 4PL Brisbane (Bardon 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1677, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; senior public servant (PMGD, Telstra) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1943; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949); public servant (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1954-1958); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977); manager telecommunications (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''DUDMAN''===

* [[/William Henry George Dudman|Dudman, William Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWL-7KH] - 1915(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3VY Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rosanna, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1907, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1949-1963); radio technician (Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1968); sales manager (Rosanna, Vic, 1977); manager (Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''DUFF''===

* [[/David Hugh Bowen Duff|Duff, David Hugh Bowen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW6B-5QD] - 1909(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2EO Sydney (Stanmore, 1933-1934; Enmore, 1935-1936); 3EO Melbourne (Crib Point, 1937); 2EO Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938); 2EO Canberra (Belconnen, 1939); 2EO Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1011, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Newtown, NSW, 1935; Crib Point, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Naval Wireless Station, Belconnen, ACT, 1943); PMG employee (Hornsby, NSW, 1949); service engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Duff, William Vere Hobart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZC-JGP] - 1893(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DB Receive Melbourne (Malvern East, 1922); 3DB Melbourne (Malvern East, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Malvern East, 1914); engineer (Malvern East, 1919-1924; Glenferrie, 1931-1937; Toorak, 1943-1954; Harkaway, 1958-1968)

===''DUFFY''===

* [[/John Duffy|Duffy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-QKJ] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Sydney (Redfern, 1933; Woollahra, 1934; Rose Bay, 1935-1937); 4AQ Brisbane (Grange, 1938); 2AQ Sydney (Bondi, 1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, not yet identified; AOLCP 264, 1936; TVOCP 54, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous JDs, needs review - Electoral Rolls: manager (Woollahra, NSW, 1934); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Maurice Boyce Duffy|Duffy, Maurice Boyce &quot;Morrie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRYK-S76] - 1886(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/duffy-maurice-boyce-morrie-6030 ADB]

* [[/William Oswald Duffy|Duffy, William Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2Q2] - 1861(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: XZO Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Battery Point, 1914)

===''DUGGAN''===

* [[/Harry George Duggan|Duggan, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9H-8LW] - 1905(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XI Warrnambool (1930-1965); 3AXI Warrnambool (1965-1969); 3XI Garvoc (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 592, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Warrnambool, 1931-1954); engineer (Warrnambool, 1963-1968)

===''DUKES''===

* [[/Gordon William Dukes|Dukes, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RY-PGT] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2WD Sydney (Forest Lodge, 1930-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1956; Cremorne, 1957-1958; Lane Cove, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 571, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 139, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glebe, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, 1943-1949); engineer (Cremorne, 1954-1958); technician (Lane Cove, 1963-1980)

===''DUNCAN''===

* [[/John Caldwell Duncan|Duncan, John Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-R7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3VZ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2185, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: builder (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); contractor (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); builder (Balwyn, Vic, 1958-1967)

===''DUNDAS''===

* [[/Reginald Loftus Dundas|Dundas, Reginald Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-8LM] - 1915(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4DU Crawford, Kingaroy Line (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1990, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Theodore, Qld, 1937); labourer (Crawford, Kingaroy Line, Qld, 1949-1972); farmer (Torquay, Qld, 1977)

===''DUNLEAVY''===

* [[/Joseph Francis Dunleavy|Dunleavy, Joseph Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 508, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); electrical fitter (Melbourne, Vic, 1926; South Yarra, Vic, 1931); fitter (St Kilda, Vic, 1934)

===''DUNN''===

* [[/Deveron Colin Dunn|Dunn, Deveron Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDX6-2DP] - 1914(NZ)-2014(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2EG Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1420, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1937-1963); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1968); electronics technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Dunn|Dunn, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDXX-SDR] - 1908(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2AKS Sydney (Chatswood, 1938-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2194, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1932-1933; Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Richard Dunn|Dunn, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSN-T31] - 1898(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Receive Sydney (South Kensington, 1922); 2GU Sydney (South Kensington, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Kensington, 1930-1943); manager (Kingsford, 1958); retired (The Entrance, 1963-1980)

===''DUNSTAN''===

* [[/Walter John Dunstan|Dunstan, Walter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-Y3V] - 1904(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Receive Ballarat (1922); 3JR Ballarat (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 106, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: gone too soon - Relationships: brother of William Dunstan, Victoria Cross - Electoral Rolls: student (Ballarat East, 1927)

===''DUNSTONE''===

* [[/Arthur James Dunstone|Dunstone, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WW-2QQ] - 1920(Vic)-2019(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2412, 1939, Vic; COCP2 574, 1942; COCP1 601, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maldon, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''DURBER''===

* [[/Robert George Durber|Durber, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-CRT] - 1922(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6DG Merredin (1947-1948; 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2437, 1940, WA; BOCP 385, 1941 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcast technician (Northam, WA, 1943-1949); technician (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''DURBIN''===

* [[/Walter Albury Durbin|Durbin, Walter Albury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQS-F1D] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (active early 1930s to early 1990s) - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Willoughby, NSW, 1935-1963); manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DURBRIDGE''===

* [[/William Keep Durbridge|Durbridge, William Keep]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDN-Z4B] - 1908(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 4FS Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Innisfail, Qld, 1930); clerk (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1937); bookkeeper (Dundoo Station, Eulo, Qld, 1937); no occupation (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1972; Melbourne, Vic, 1977)

===''DUTHOIT''===

* [[/Albert George Duthoit|Duthoit, Albert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ94-V82] - 1901(Tas)-1970(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); labourer (Croydon North, 1931); no occupation (Armadale, 1931); engineer (Hobart South, 1936); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1935-1943); clerk (Ivanhoe, 1949; Oakleigh, 1954; Malvern, 1958); nil (Malvern, 1967-1968)

===''DUTTON''===

* [[/Thomas Henry Dutton|Dutton, Thomas Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJG1-LRN] - 1862(Eng)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: painter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1903-1905); commission agent (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1908-1909); printer (Valley, Qld, 1913); traveller (Teneriffe, Qld, 1915-1937)

===''DWYER''===

* [[/John Timothy Dwyer|Dwyer, John Timothy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-48T] - 1913(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Young (1932-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 945, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Young, NSW, 1934-1954)

===''DYE''===

* [[/Aubrey David Wilson Dye|Dye, Aubrey David Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVB-QPC] - 1886(Eng)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AW Sydney (Centennial Park, 1929-1958) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Centennial Park, NSW, 1930-1954)

===''DYER''===

* [[/Clarence Alfred Robert Dyer|Dyer, Clarence Alfred Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFFF-P78] - 1895(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3DY Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1931-1939; Middle Brighton, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 837, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1921-1922; Melbourne East, Vic, 1924; Northcote, Vic, 1926-1928; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1931-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949)

=='''E'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''EADIE''===

* [[/Norman William Eadie|Eadie, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBL7-X21] - 1915(WA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3UP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2219, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1980)

===''EAGLES''===

* [[/James Algernon Eagles|Eagles, James Algernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-S6T] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XIF Jiggi (1913-1914); 2AIA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: husband of 2AIA Muriel Margaret Eagles nee Boag - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Glebe, NSW, 1913); school teacher (Croydon Park, NSW, 1930); retired (Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1949)

* [[/Muriel Margaret Eagles|Eagles nee Boag, Muriel Margaret]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJM-CDT] - 1890(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIA Sydney (Miranda, 1957; Strathfield, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3562, 1956, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: wife of XIF-2AIA James Algernon Eagles - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Croydon, NSW, 1930; Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''EAGLING''===

* [[/Reginald William Eagling|Eagling, Reginald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWL-N2H] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AEY Taree (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEY Lightning Ridge (1980+); 2UG Portable Taree (1958-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1829, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taree, NSW, 1935-1936); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949); director (Taree, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Lightning Ridge, NSW, 1980)

===''EAKINS''===

* [[/Cyril Clarence Eakins|Eakins, Cyril Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-M4Z] - 1915(WA)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6CN Geraldton (1939, 1947-1948); 6CN Kellerberrin (1954-1965); 6CN Perth (Greenmount, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2388, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937); chemist (South Belmont, WA, 1943); pharmaceutical chemist (Geraldton, WA, 1949); chemist (Kellerberrin, WA, 1954-1963); pharmaceutical chemist (Greenmount, WA, 1968-1980)

===''EARLE''===

* [[/Frank Edwin Earle|Earle, Frank Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YV-B62] - 1900(SA)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 823, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5BD - Frank Edwin Earle&quot;

* [[/Robert Erasmus Earle|Earle, Robert Erasmus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLX-NC1] - 1894(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6LC Perth (Floreat Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: AOCP 4390, 1966, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Floreat Park, 1954-1977)

===''EARLY''===

* [[/John Henry Early|Early, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56P-939] - 1902(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Temora (1934-1938); 2KQ Cessnock (1939); 2KQ Toronto (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1384, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Temora, NSW, 1936-1937; Toronto, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''EAST''===

* [[/William Lawrence East|East, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZK-JMF] - 1914(???)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2AEG Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1937); 2AEG Newcastle (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1636, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Newington, NSW, 1936)

===''EASTER''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Easter|Easter, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2L-656] - 1914(SA)-1983(???) - Licences: 5RO Montieth (1933); 5RO Port Elliot (1937); 5RO Moonta (1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1111, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Moonta, SA, 1939-1947) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532330 VWM]

===''EASTERBROOK''===

* [[/Raymond Walter Easterbrook|Easterbrook, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN7-6JX] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3RM Melbourne (Clayton, 1931-1933; South Yarra, 1937-1939; Bentleigh, 1948; Box Hill North, 1954-1960; Frankston, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 804, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Caulfield East, 1934-1935); sales (South Yarra, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); medical detailer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); manager (Upwey, Vic, 1954); company director (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963); director (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''EASTON''===

* [[/Frederick William Spencer Easton|Easton, Frederick William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-7XD] - 1914(NSW)-1944(PNG) - Licences: 2BQ Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1935; Bellevue Hill, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 846, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Rose Bay, 1936-1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''EATON''===

* [[/Rupert Thomas Eaton|Eaton, Rupert Thomas or Thomas Rupert (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVR-DJH] - 1904(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6DO Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Claremont, WA, 1931); shop front fitter (Belmont, WA, 1937-1968); draftsman (Scarborough, WA, 1972); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

===''EBRALL''===

* [[/Herbert Novelle Ebrall|Ebrall, Herbert Novelle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7J-D63] - 1909(Eng)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 35, 1936 - broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor apprentice (Tuart Hill, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1936-1937); mine owner (Ruby Flat, Tas, 1943-1944); radio manager (Queenstown, Tas, 1949-1972)

===''EDE''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Ede|Ede, Charles Frederick or Friederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7D-PYL] - 1885(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Wellington Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1908; Albion, Qld, 1912-1921); assistant secretary (Manly, Qld, 1925-1963); retired (Wynnum North, 1968)

===''EDGAR''===

* [[/Douglas Waldene Edgar|Edgar, Douglas Waldene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XS-K4X] - 1895(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6DW New Norcia (1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 314, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gingin, 1922; New Norcia, 1925-1954); retired (Nedlands, 1958-1963)

* [[/John Matheson Edgar|Edgar, John Matheson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB42-K1G] - 1881(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Geelong (1923); 3YW Geelong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Training College, Carlton, 1903); state school teacher (Ballarat, 1909); teacher (Ballarat, 1913-1914; Geelong, 1917-1924; Essendon, 1925-1954)
* [[/Mervyn John Edgar|Edgar, Mervyn John or John Mervyn &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4W-647] - 1913(NSW)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4JE Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1302, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Radio Location Unit); radio retailing (Tracksons) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); salesman (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); shop assistant (Bulimba, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''EDGEBERG''===

* [[/H. Edgeberg|Edgeberg, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CX Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''EDGECOMBE''===

* [[/Gordon Henry Edgecombe|Edgecombe, Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZPN-WDD] - 1914(Sct)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1309, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: radio servicing (Gordon, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''EDGERTON''===

* [[/Arthur Francis James Edgerton|Edgerton, Arthur Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5D-2PT] - 1912(Vic)-2009(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 889, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1936-1937); steel melter (Kew, Vic, 1943); metallurgist (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''EDWARDS''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Edwards|Edwards, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3W-DSB] - 1900(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AC Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1930; Eastwood, 1931; Waverley, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 587, 1920 (Marconi); COCP1 224, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, NSW, 1933); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1936; Haberfield, NSW, 1937); manager (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); production manager (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Frederick Patrick Joseph Edwards|Edwards, Frederick Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSX-5YG] - 1918(WA)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6DN Merredin (1938-1939); 6DN Perth (West Perth, 1947-1965; Ardross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2127, 1938, WA; BOCP 278, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Merredin, WA, 1943); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1943-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1968); clerk (Ardross, WA, 1972-1980)

* [[/George James Edwards|Edwards, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WC-Z8S] - 1912(NSW)-1942(At sea, near Bermuda) - Licences: 2GE Maitland West (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1129, 1933, NSW; COCP2 124, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, 2nd radio operator) - Electoral Rolls: film operator (West Maitland, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/51703.html Uboat.net]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1430549 AWM Commemorative Roll] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/H. E. Edwards|Edwards, H. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Croydon, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert John Edwards|Edwards, Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF5-KP8] - 1894(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 802, 1923; 2COCP 18, 1929; 1COCP 208, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous HJEs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933); radio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1949); communication officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1954)

* [[/James Thomas Edwards|Edwards, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ78-6VC] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2AKE Rye Park (1938-1939, 1946-1957); 2AKE Sutton Forest (1958-1969); 2AKE Moss Vale (1975); 2AKE Bowral (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2147, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Rye Park, NSW, 1932-1949); grazier (Rye Park, NSW, 1958; Sutton Forest, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Moss Vale, NSW, 1977; Bowral, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Francis Edwards|Edwards, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTN-SRX] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1939, 1946-1956); 2AAE Sydney (Rydalmere, 1960-1965; Westmead, 1969; Toongabbie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1178, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Parramatta, NSW, 1933-1954); branch manager (Rydalmere, NSW, 1963); credit sales manager (Westmead, NSW, 1968); manager (Westmead, NSW, 1972); retired (Toongabbie, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Keith Thomas Edwards|Edwards, Keith Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXH-J3C] - 1914(SA)-1942(At Sea, Bay of Biscay) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 929, 1932, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant, Air Gunner, 10 Sqdrn, Coastal Command, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701819 Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/531927 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leonard Wentworth Edwards|Edwards, Leonard Wentworth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5K-KP2] - 1917(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 2AGT Sydney (Pymble, 1939, 1946); 7LE Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2301, 1939, NSW; COCP1 1624, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Nelson, Tas, 1949-1954; Hobart South, Tas, 1958; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Dale Edwards|Edwards, Raymond Dale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-QWC] - 1912(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3ADE Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2355, 1939, Vic; COCP2 689, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1954); engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Samuel Robert Wareham Edwards|Edwards, Samuel Robert Wareham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS3-P1T] - 1896(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (East Preston, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 741, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon (Motor cycle accident) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1921-1922; Albert Park, Vic, 1924); motor mechanic (Middle Park, Vic, 1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934)

* [[/Sydney Gordon Edwards|Edwards, Sydney Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-FJ2] - 1910(Scotland)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3SU Melbourne (Fitzroy North, 1935-1937; Elwood, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954; Canterbury, 1956; Middle Park, 1960; Forest Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1552, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Heidelberg, Vic, 1936-1937); airman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949); RAAF (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); airforce officer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Forest Hill, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''EGAN''===

* [[/Mavis Evelyn Egan|Fogg nee Egan, Mavis Evelyn or Evelene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-1JK] - 1900(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Stanley (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver (YL) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanley, 1928); home duties (Wynyard, 1936-1943; Smithton, 1949; Sale, Vic, 1954; Cohuna, 1963; Devonport, 1972)

* [[/Vincent Thomas Egan|Egan, Vincent Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVW-97N] - 1917(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AJI Tamworth (1937-1938); 2AJI Inverell (1939); 2AJI Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1947; Darlinghurst, 1948); 2AQA Manilla (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2039, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949; Manilla, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''EGGLETON''===

* [[/Eric Percy Eggleton|Eggleton, Eric Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTZ-5G9] - 1903(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DA Receive Toowoomba (1923-1924); 4DA Toowoomba (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 81, 1925, No. 9 in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (QATB) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Toowoomba, 1925-1926); ambulance bearer (Toowoomba, 1931); ambulance superintendent (Dayboro, 1936-1943; Charleville, 1949-1958; Stanthorpe, 1963); retired (Caloundra, 1968-1977)

===''EINSIEDEL''===

* [[/Ernest Louis Einsiedel|Einsiedel, Ernest or Ernst Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Z-TS1] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QE Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1947; Ormond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2278, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1936-1942); skin classer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977)

===''ELDER''===

* [[/James Alexander Mackenzie Elder|Elder, James Alexander Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W3-7FL] - 1869(Sct)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Awards: KBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Essendon, 1905); merchant (Moonee Ponds, 1908-1909); director (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/elder-sir-james-alexander-6099 ADB]

===''ELLERY''===

* [[/Robert Lewis John Ellery|Ellery, Robert Lewis John]] - 1827(Eng)-1908(Vic) - early telephone experimenter, Vic Government Astronomer

===''ELLIOTT''===

* [[/Albert Horace Elliott|Elliott, Albert Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB3-DYF] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XDR Sydney (Drummoyne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: newsagent (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); agent (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931); engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Robert Neville Elliott|Elliott, Robert Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-PPJ] - 1907(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DW Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); company manager (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954-1963); accountant (Brisbane, Qld, 1968); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972); accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Donovan Elliott|Elliott, Ronald Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G799-LTX] - 1910(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5RD Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1931-1933; Da Costa Park, 1937; Kirkcaldy, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 758, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939; Westbourne Park, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Murray Browse Elliott|Elliott, Thomas Murray Browse &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W8-947] - 1899(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4CM Brisbane (City, 1946-1969); operator of Valentine's 4CM licence 1925-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 72, 1925, No. 6 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; early television experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Fortitude Valley, 1921); salesman (Brisbane City, 1925-1931); sound engineer (Observatory, 1937-1943); company manager (City, 1949-1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968)

===''ELLIS''===

* [[/Clive Austin Ellis|Ellis, Clive Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-9HT] - 1912(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3LZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1930-1931; Caulfield, 1933-1939; Newport, 1946-1956; Moorabbin, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 598, 1930, No. ?? in Victoria - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1937; Newport, Vic, 1943-1954); valuer (Moorabbin, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Cyril Charles Henry Ellis|Ellis, Cyril Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCX-F99] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XMV Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1915; Canterbury, Vic, 1919; Burwood, Vic, 1924-1928); telephone mechanic (Ararat, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1977; Burwood, Vic, 1977)

* [[/John Osborne Ellis|Ellis, John Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-Q42] - 1910(Eng)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 522, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kimba, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Anthony Ellis|Ellis, Joseph Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGB7-BJG] - 1921(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2AIL Lismore (1937-1939); 2GL Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1948; Mascot, 1954-1960; Pennant Hills, 1961); 4AGL Nambour (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2040, 1937, NSW; COCP2 446, 1941; COCP1 578, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949); flight radio officer (Randwick East, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick East, NSW, 1958); navigator (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles Ellis|Ellis, Richard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBQ-SST] - 1903(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHR Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1972, 1937, NSW; BOCP 374, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''ELPHINSTONE''===

* [[/Lancelot Armstrong Elphinstone|Elphinstone, Lancelot Armstrong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56T-2FX] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2MK Thirroul (1934-1939); 2MK Cessnock (1946-1950); 2MK Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1954-1961; North Balgowlah, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1337, 1934, NSW; BOCP 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thirroul, NSW, 1936-1937); broadcast technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1958); newsagent (North Balgowlah, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''ELSBURY''===

* [[/Cyril Robert Elsbury|Elsbury (adopted) or Wilson Bowman (biological), Cyril Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMG-5CW] - 1897(Qld)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6JE Kalgoorlie (1934-1939); 6JE Fimiston (1947-1956); 6JE Nornalup (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1372, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1922); mine timekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1925-1943); assistant accountant (Fimiston, WA, 1949-1954); mine paymaster (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1958)

===''ELWORTHY''===

* [[/Colin Gregory Elworthy|Elworthy, Colin Gregory &quot;Col&quot;]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''EMBLING''===

* [[/Stewart Austin Embling|Embling, Stewart Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGH-YQM] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925); 3DC Melbourne (Toorak, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 236, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1943); assurance officer (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''EMENY''===

* [[/Thomas Francis Emeny|Emeny, Thomas Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHVF-QNN] - 1908(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3GQ Camperdown (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1006, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1943); engineer (Carrum, Vic, 1954)

===''EMERY''===

* [[/Leslie William Emery|Emeny, Leslie William &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQK7-QRN] - 1912(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3APE Melbourne (Hampton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1380, 1934, Vic? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Seaford, Vic, 1954); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1963; Brighton East, Vic, 1967-1968; Hampton, Vic, 1972)

===''EMMELHAINZ''===

* [[/Albert Edward Joseph Emmelhainz|Emmelhainz, Albert Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSCR-R96] - 1900(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2SR Sydney (Kensington, 1931-1933); 2SR Lake Illawarra (1935); 2SR Sydney (CBD, 1936-1937; Petersham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1933-1936; Petersham, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Dee Why, NSW, 1949)

===''ENDACOTT''===

* [[/Jack Morris Endacott|Endacott, Jack Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2X7-P38] - 1910(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EB Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1947-1948; West Brunswick, 1954-1960; Fawkner, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1956, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Brunswick West, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954; Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Skenes Creek, Vic, 1972; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1977)

===''ENTWISLE''===

* [[/Thomas James Entwisle|Entwisle, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFD-MNY] - 1884(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XLG Camperdown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908; Weerite, Vic, 1909); farm manager (Weerite, Vic, 1912-1913); secretary (Brighton Beach, Vic, 1914; East St Kilda, Vic 1916); military officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1919); farmer (Tresco, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''ERREY''===

* [[/Robert Owan Errey|Errey, Robert Owan or Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XN-QFZ] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 2PO Canberra (1946-1948); 2TD Camden (1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 265, 1935; AOCP 1843, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1936-1942); radio engineer (Mount Stromlo, ACT, 1949); civil servant (Camden, Vic, 1954-1958; Highton, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Highton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''EVA''===

* [[/Oswald Noel Eva|Eva, Oswald Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFST-HLS] - 1917(Qld)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3BON Shepparton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1927, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); projectionist (Williamstown, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954); theatre proprietor (Dunnolly, Vic, 1958); TV technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''EVANS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Hubert Evans|Evans, Albert Henry Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH8N-BFX] - 1894(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: XVD Adelaide (Mile End, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 255, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Woollahra, 1949)

* [[/Arthur Brodie David Evans|Evans, Arthur Brodie David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ7-PK9] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3VQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1965; Kalorama, 1969; Beaumaris, 1975); 3VQ Cowes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2001, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1967); managing director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1968); director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977); manager (Black Rock, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Griffith Benjamin Evans|Evans, Griffith Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-HL3] - 1877(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS - Electoral Rolls: naval telegraphist (Eden Vale, Vic, 1914-1915); telegraphist (Coburg, Vic, 1919); retired (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Brynmor Evans|Evans, John Brynmor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG2-BHR] - 1918(SA)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2318, 1939, SA; COCP2 450, 1941; COCP1 507, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306765 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703463 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532627 VMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Telynog Evans|Evans, John Telynog]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWM-XLK] - 1911(Wales)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Paxton (1931-1933); 2CX Paxton (1936-1939); 2CX Cessnock (1946); 2CX Nelson's Bay (1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 778, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1937); wireless operator (Toronto, NSW, 1943); fisherman (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Percy Evans|Evans, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84B-DKL] - 1894(Eng)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Kensington, 1928-1929; Randwick, 1930-1931); 3OZ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Boronia, 1948; North Ringwood, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 458, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Kensington, NSW, 1930); salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); manager (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Phillip Edward Evans|Evans, Phillip Edward]] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3VN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1935-1937; Smeaton, 1938-1939); 3VN Yallourn (1947-1965); 3VN Newborough (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1432, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Smeaton, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (YMCA, Clarendon, Vic, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); engineer (Yallourn, Vic, 1949-1967; Newborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/R. Evans|Evans, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Clovelly, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 265, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Evan Evans|Evans, Thomas Evan or Thomas Evian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-S1L] - 1904(NZ)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 3EV Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1927); 9EV Rabaul (1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 160, 1925, Vic; AOCP 2226, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; medical assistant; technical assistant; Civilian POW captured at Rabaul, died on board the &quot;Montevideo Maru&quot; when it was torpedoed and sunk en route from Rabaul to Hainan, where Thomas was destined for forced labour. Electoral Rolls: Not yet identified - Links: [https://montevideomaru.naa.gov.au/pows-internees/index.aspx?id=5349 NAA]; [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-30/world-war-ii-hell-ships-montevideo-rakuyo-maru/102263746 ABC]; [https://m.facebook.com/SilentworldFoundation/photos/a.6024859134229018/6024859087562356/ Facebook]; [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2011mayGS/60a.htm Scotch College]; [https://thelastcoastwatcher.wordpress.com/coastwatching-organization/civilian-casualties/ Last Coast Watcher]; [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17973567 Trove]; [https://montevideo-maru.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/18September10.pdf Montevideo Maru.Org] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Trevor Elliott Evans|Evans, Trevor Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-GRC] - 1903(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Receive Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1922-1924); 3RK Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1925-1933; Pascoe Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 159, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928); electrician (East Brunswick, 1931-1934); contractor (Coburg, Vic, 1936; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Trevor Frederick Evans|Evans, Trevor Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L292-N4L] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2NS Blayney (1925-1929); 2NS Bathurst (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 2ABJ Portable Bathurst (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 113, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 19, 1936; AOCP1 43, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio manager (Bathurst, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Bathurst, NSW, 1943-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2NS - Trevor Frederick Evans&quot;

===''EVERETT''===

* [[/Frederick Arthur Everett|Everett, Frederick Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D4-778] - 1911(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1408, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Dubbo, NSW, 1934-1937); teacher (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Orange, NSW, 1949-1958; Miranda, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''EVERY''===

* [[/George Edward Every|Every, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDSS-VT4] - 1894(Eng)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 7GE Hobart (1931); 3GE Queenscliff (1937-1939); 3GE Balcombe (1947-1948); 3GE Carrum (1954-1956); 3GE Bonbeach (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military instructor; WW1 (UK) - Electoral Rolls: silver mounter (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1919); soldier (Launceston, 1922; Hobart South, 1922); military instructor (Hobart South, 1928); soldier (Queenscliff, Vic, 1935-1937); military officer (Albury, NSW, 1943; Victoria Park, Qld, 1949); clerk (Frankston, 1949); accountant (Carrum, 1954)

===''EWART''===

* [[/Henry George Ewart|Ewart, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1C-CP3] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 887, 1932, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Irymple, Vic, 1928-1937); mechanic (Redcliffs, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''EWING''===

* [[/John Donaldson Ewing|Ewing, John Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8L-5K5] - 1904(???)-after1980(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 2AFI Sydney (North Sydney, 1936-1938; Dee Why, 1939, 1946-1956); 2UL Sydney (Dee Why, 1960; Burwood, 1961; Dee Why, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: CC; AOCP 1659, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Armidale, NSW, 1930); electrician (Camaray, NSW, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1937); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943-1954); electrical contractor (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1963); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas Thomson Ewing|Ewing, Thomas Thomson]] - 1856(NSW)-1920(NSW) - state politician (NSW MLA); federal politician (MHR, acting Postmaster-General)

===''EXTON''===

* [[/George Walter Exton|Exton, George Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QY-5XH] - 1882(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2CZ Lismore (1922-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast proprietor and engineer (2XN Lismore) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Saddlers Crossing, Qld)

=='''F'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''FABER''===

* [[/William John Thomas Faber|Faber, William John Thomas &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4W-7FV] - 1907(Eng)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4WF Ayr (1938-1939); 4WF Brisbane (Kedron, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2186, 1938, Qld; BOCP 144, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager Ayr Radio (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1949-1972)

===''FAGAN''===

* [[/William Reginald Joseph Fagan|Fagan, William Reginald Joseph &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLF3-QPM] - 1883(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Mandurama (1922); 2RJ Mandurama (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio station (director, 2SM) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mandurama, 1913-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;2RJ - William Reginald Joseph Fagan&quot;

===''FAIRHALL''===

* [[/Allen Fairhall|Fairhall, Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZB3-PKT] – 1909(NSW)-2006(NSW) – Licences: 2KB Newcastle (Hamilton, 1928–1929; New Lambton, 1930–1931; Cooks Hill, 1933–1934; City, 1935; Cooks Hill, 1937; City, 1938–1939; Hamilton, 1946–1961; City, 1965-1980+); 2AKL Paterson (1948–1958) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 391, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 23, 1930 – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor 2KO Newcastle; WW2 – Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Lambton, 1931–1932); manager (Newcastle, 1933–1949); primary producer (Trevallyn, 1954); M.H.R. (Newcastle, 1958); member of parliament (Newcastle, 1963–1968); manager (Newcastle, 1972–1980) - Links: [[w:Allen Fairhall|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/fairhall-sir-allen-366 Obituaries Australia]

===''FAIRWEATHER''===

* [[/Jack Cromwell Fairweather|Fairweather, Jack Cromwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-BZZ] - 1918(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2FV Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1938); 5FV Adelaide (St Peters, 1947; Kilkenny, 1948); 2AIF Broken Hill (1954-1955); 4FF Gold Coast (Labrador, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1491, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); builder (Southport, Qld, 1958-1968; Labrador, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''FALCONER''===

* [[/Charles Illman Falconer|Falconer, Charles Illman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZK9-PJ6] – 1885(Vic)-1962(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923–1924); 3CF Melbourne (East Malvern, 1925–1926; Canterbury, 1927; Surrey Hills, 1931–1939, 1946–1954); 2AUF Terrigal (1955–1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 204, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1909); mechanic (Fitzroy, Vic, 1914); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1915–1949); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1958–1963)

===''FALKENBERG''===

* [[/Brian Falkenberg|Falkenberg, Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WCW-6WS] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Byaduk (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1706, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Branxholme, Vic, 1935-1942; Byaduk, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Byaduk, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FALLOWFIELD''===

* [[/Elwyn Herbert Fallowfield|Fallowfield, Elwyn Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYHV-PWL] - 1917(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKI Taree (1938-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2182, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1943); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FALLS''===

* [[/Lyle Clifford Falls|Falls, Lyle Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLC-1VR] - 1899(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Caulfield, 1924-1925); instructor (Kew, 1926-1943)

===''FANKER''===

* [[/Eric Montague Fanker|Fanker, Eric Montague]] - 1907(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Sydney (Bondi, 1928-1929; Woollahra, 1930) as Fanker &amp; Hooker; 2HS Sydney (Woollahra, 1931-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1937; Kingsford, 1938; Kensington, 1939; Bellevue Hill, 1946-1961; Vaucluse, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1077, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Paddington, NSW, 1930-1933; Nithsdale, NSW, 1935; Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963)

===''FANNING''===

* Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred – see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred (Fanning)

===''FANSHAWE''===

* [[/Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Fanshawe, Arthur Dalrymple]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7D-QY6] – 1847(Eng)-1936(Eng) – Admiral of UK Fleet, Commander-in-Chief Australia Station – Links: [[w:Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Wikipedia]]

===''FARMER''===

* [[/Maxwell George Farmer|Farmer, Maxwell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG1-SHR] - 1916(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5GF Adelaide (Knoxville, 1933-1939; North Norwood, 1947-1948; Adelaide City, 1954-1956; Plympton, 1960-1980+); 5GY Portable Adelaide (Knoxville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1217, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Percival Moore Farmer|Farmer, Percival Moore &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-3K5] - 1888(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT12, 1914 - radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Beecroft, NSW, 1930-1943); engineer (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''FARRELL''===

* [[/John Howard Farrell|Farrell, John Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-CJT] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4WJ Brisbane Windsor, 1933-1939; Chermside, 1946-1948); 4WJ Quilpie (1954-1960); 4WJ Somerset Dam (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1103, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Chermside, 1943-1949; Quilpie, 1954-1958); superintendent (Somerset Dam, 1963-1972)

===''FAUL''===

* [[/Albert Harold Faul|Faul, Albert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTD-S74] – 1907(NSW)-1979(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923–1924); 3AH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926–1927) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 288, 1926, Vic – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) – Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1931–1934); lecturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bellevue Hill, Vic, 1936–1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); company director (Killara, NSW, 1949–1977)

===''FAULKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Faulkner|Faulkner, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-M7Z] - 1916(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3EE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1886, 1937, Vic; COCP2 806, 1944; COCP1 833, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1942); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); retailer (Burwood South, Vic, 1963-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FAULKS''===

* [[/Richard Wollas Faulks|Faulks, Richard Wollas &quot;Wol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCD3-BQ3] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2WF Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1931; Hurlstone Park, 1933; Canterbury, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 557, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator;, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Ashfield, NSW, 1930; Canterbury, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''FAULL''===

* [[/Albert Edwin Faull|Faull, Albert Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2TH-TH4] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EF Warracknabeal (1937-1939; 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1918, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''FAWKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Pascoe Robert Fawkner|Fawkner, Ernest Pascoe Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYB-YKW] - 1901(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: manager (Kings Meadows, 1928); furniture manufacturer (South Launceston, 1936)

===''FAYLE''===

* [[/Bernard John Fayle|Fayle, Bernard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SJ-7GF] - 1914(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3IW Melbourne (Burnley, 1936-1939, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1617, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1936-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954-1968; Nunawading, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FEENAGHTY''===

* [[/Leo Michael John Feenaghty|Feenaghty, Leo Michael John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYG2-RMT] - 1900(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4LJ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 291, 1926, No. 28 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator; state public servant - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, 1925-1931); assistant secretary (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); public servant (Highgate Hill, 1963); retired (Isle of Capri, 1972-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4LJ - Leo Michael John Feenaghty&quot;

===''FEENEY''===

* [[/Percy Gilbert Feeney|Feeney, Percy Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR8-DZG] - 1907(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2AKX Sydney (Mascot, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2187, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''FELDMAN''===

* [[/John Frederick Feldman|Feldman, John Frederick Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNZ-5DH] - 1905(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3QH Receive Geelong (South Geelong, 1923-1924); 3QH Geelong (South Geelong, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 140, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Geelong, Vic, 1928-1937); turner (Richmond, Vic, 1942); bricklayer (Newtown, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''FELL''===

* [[/Evan Frederick Fell|Fell, Evan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH4-FTW] - 1914(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1932-1939); 4EF Barcaldine (1946-1948); 4EF Mackay (1954-1955); 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1956; Bardon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 978, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 175, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (inspector); property developer - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1943); engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Mackay, Qld, 1954); public servant (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977)

===''FELLS''===

* [[/L. C. Fells|Fells, L. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FELTON''===

* [[/William Robert Felton|Felton, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M5-C2J] - 1897(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2RF Sydney (Petersham, 1927-1929; Belmore, 1930-1939, 1946-1956); 2RT? Sydney (Kogarah, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 366, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1914-1919, Desertion) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Belmore, 1930-1934); engineer (Belmore, 1936-1937); soldier (Belmore, 1943); radio technician (Belmore, 1949-1954)

===''FENTON''===

* [[/Arthur Stanley George Fenton|Fenton, Arthur Stanley George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-WK7] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 2VM Sydney (Artarmon, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1663, 1936, NSW; COCP2 214, 1939; COCP1 297, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1968); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FERGUSON''===

* [[/Bernard Malcolm Ferguson|Ferguson, Bernard Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZN-T43] - 1909(Vic)-2006(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3FN Nathalia (1935-1937); 3FN Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939; West Preston, 1947-1969; Glenroy, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1428, 1935, Vic; COCP1 737, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cressy, Vic, 1943); airman (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Glenroy, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Colin Angus Ferguson|Ferguson, Colin Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DH-9KM] - 1917(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5CJ Mt Gambier (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1994, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Cyril E. Ferguson|Ferguson, Cyril E.]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - commercial operator (1COCP 2, 1914, No. 2 in Aus) - coastal station operator?

* [[/Eric Birger Ferguson|Ferguson, Eric Birger or Berger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLW-KFJ] - 1907(NSW)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2BP Hazelbrook (1932-1935); 3BD Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947; East Melbourne, 1948); 3KF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1021, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Kandos, NSW, 1930); clerk (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1933-1937); technician (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/John Ferguson|Ferguson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FJ Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1934; Waverley, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2FJ Saratoga (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 915, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified (common surname &amp; only one given name) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FERRALL''===

* [[/Edgar Walter Cecil Ferrall|Ferrall, Edgar Walter Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMF-G97] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Launceston, 1919-1949); inspector (Kingston Beach, 1954)

===''FERRICKS''===

* [[/Michael Bernard Ferricks|Ferricks, Michael Bernard &quot;Bernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58X-S4X] - 1914(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4UW Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1471, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); chemist (Northgate, Qld, 1949-1977); retired (Cairns, Qld, 1980)

===''FERRIE''===

* [[/Ronald Joseph Ferrie|Ferrie, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-HW3] - 1909(Eng)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2CV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Paddington, 1938-1939; Lane Cove, 1946-1955; North Ryde, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 234, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Edgecliff, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1936; Glenmore, NSW, 1937); sound engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); retailer (Ryde, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FERRIS''===

* [[/Colin Thomas Ferris|Ferris, Colin Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2N-B25] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Ringtail (1960); 4TW Bundaberg (1965); 4TW Gladstone (1975); 4TW Brisbane (Taigum, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2246, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ringtail via Pomona, Qld, 1949-1958); boiler attendant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972); engine driver (Taigum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''FESSENDEN''===

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Fessenden|Fessenden, Reginald Aubrey &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZN4-DHN] - 1866(Canada)-1932(Bermuda) - Licences: Nil yet identified (International) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (International) - pioneer wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Biography/Fessenden-Builder-of-Tomorrow-Fessenden-1940.pdf Biographical Book]

===''FIEDLER''===

* [[/Leslie Victor Fiedler|Fiedler, Leslie Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHNW-3JZ] - 1906(SA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 5SL Adelaide (Woodville, 1927-1933), 5SL Moonta (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 353, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Henley, 1939-1943); theatre manager (Belmont, 1949); film exhibitor (Mt Lawley, 1958); company director (Mt Lawley, 1963-1968)

===''FIELD''===

* [[/Clifford John Field|Field, Clifford John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJL-RC2] - 1912(ACT)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KF Katoomba (1934-1937); 2KF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1410, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound operator (Katoomba, NSW, 1934-1935); operator (Leichhardt, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1972; Five Dock, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henry Lindsay Field|Field, John Henry Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRT7-KM3] - 1918(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AKF Warbreccan Station, Deniliquin (1938-1939, 1946-1980); 2AQF Fallonville Station, Deniliquin (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2163, 1938, NSW; COCP2 476, 1941; COCP1 527, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Warbreccan, NSW, 1943-1949; Fallonville, NSW, 1954-1963; Warbreccan, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ralph William Field|Field, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-Q5T] - 1915(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939; Ormond, 1946-1948); 3LJ Melbourne (Ormond, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 599, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Caulfield, Vic, 1937); machinist (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''FIETZ''===

* [[/Arthur Allan Fietz|Fietz, Arthur Allan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J6-TX1] - 1914(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2QE Albury (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1316, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); garage proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FILES''===

* [[/Jack Crawford Files|Files, Jack Crawford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-JWJ] - 1907(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4JF Brisbane (Buranda, 1932-1935; Coorparoo, 1936-1939; Buranda 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1055, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, QSL manager); journalist (Teleradio, WIA Notes); accountant - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1931-1934; Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943-1963)

===''FILMER''===

* [[/Le Roy Drowley Filmer|Filmer, Le Roy Drowley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNF-2Z7] - 1902(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Newcastle (Toronto, 1925-1930; Hamilton South, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 148, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1930); chemist (Hamilton, NSW, 1935-1937); metallurgist (Toronto, NSW, 1943); chemist (Speer's Point, NSW, 1949-1954); superintendant (Toronto North, NSW, 1963); retired (Toronto North, NSW, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2FT - Le Roy Drowley Filmer&quot;

===''FINCH''===

* [[/Alan Edward Finch|Finch, Alan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M4-987] - 1915(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 7CJ Launceston (Mowbray Heights, 1935-1939); 7CJ Hobart (New Town, 1946-1954); 7CJ Kelso (1955-1956); 3AEO Shepparton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1575, 191935, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (St Leonards, 1936-1937); mechanic (New Town, 1943-1954); public servant (Radio Australia, Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Shepparton, 1972)

===''FINLAYSON''===

* [[/Frank Finlayson|Finlayson, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDT-115] - 1911(???)-2002(NSW)90yo - Licences: 2ADG Sydney (Broadmeadow, 1936-1939); 2FC Wallsend (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1722, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''FINN''===

* [[/Leonard Warren Finn|Finn, Leonard Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2K-4P6] - 1914(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5SP Adelaide (Seaton Park, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1671, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Seaton Park, SA, 1939-1943)

===''FINNEY''===

* [[/William Finney|Finney, William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-W2H] - 1881(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AU Brisbane (Red Hill, 1923-1925); 4WF Brisbane (Red Hill, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 845, 1925; 2COCP 307, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Red Hill, 1903-1905); telegraphist (New Farm, 1908; Newmarket, 1909; Red Hill, 1913-1937; East Nundah, 1949; Wooloowin, 1954)

===''FINNIGAN''===

* [[/Henry Mildura Finnigan|Finnigan, Henry Mildura]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNK-2QT] - 1908(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3PX Mildura (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3PX St Arnaud (1954-1956); 3PW St Arnaud (1960); 3PX St Arnaud (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1618, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1937; Stawell, Vic, 1949); clerk (St Arnaud, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FIRMINGER''===

* [[/Ronald Mortimer Firminger|Firminger, Ronald Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWS-BLK] - 1889(???)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XJAQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3TL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur Receiver; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1919); stationer (East Malvern, Vic, 1924); nil (Sandringham, Vic, 1925); cafe proprietor (Belgrave, Vic, 1928-1936); confectioner (Warburton, Vic, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Albury, NSW, 1949)

===''FISHER''===

* [[/Alan Wilbur Fisher|Fisher, Alan Wilbur or Wilbur Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G21Q-K1W] - 1915(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969; Reservoir, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1644, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968; Reservoir, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Douglas Hugh Fisher|Fisher, Douglas Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD15-N13] - 1913(Vic)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7AB Launceston (1934-1939); 7AB Burnie (1946-1948); 7AB Devonport (1954-1955); 7AB Lenah Valley (1956); 7AB Zeehan (1960); 7AB Oatlands (1965-1969; 7AB Claremont (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1373, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 7ZEE Neville Grant Fisher - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1936); bank clerk (Launceston, 1937; Burnie, 1943-1949; Devonport, 1954)

===''FISK''===

* [[/Ernest Thomas Fisk|Fisk, Ernest Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS5-XLQ] - 1886(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EF Sydney (Lindfield, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualified) - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio operator; broadcast and radiocommunications business proprietor (AWA); operated prior to 1933 under various AWA callsigns; 2MC in 1928 was licensed to his residence at Vaucluse - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); director (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Gordon, NSW, 1934-1943); consultant (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2EF - Ernest Thomas Fisk&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fisk-sir-ernest-thomas-6177 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198906.pdf EA1]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198907.pdf EA2]

===''FITCHETT''===

* [[/John Campbell Fitchett|Fitchett, John Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-K7W] - 1900(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDM Melbourne (Balwyn, 1913-1914); 3BL Melbourne (Balwyn, 1922-1925; Brighton, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 609, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Too young); WW2 (Not applicable) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Brighton, Vic, 1928-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;XJDM-3BL - John Campbell Fitchett&quot;

===''FITTELL''===

*[[/Stephen Luther Fittell|Fittell, Stephen Luther &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCN9-KRT] - 1910(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JO Gympie (1929-1939); 4YF Gympie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 487, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 280, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; member radio club (WIAQ, Gympie ARC); commercial broadcaster (4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Gympie, 1937); radio dealer (Gympie, 1943-1980)

===''FITZALAN''===

* [[/Herbert Albini Lawrence Fitzalan|Fitzalan, Herbert Albini Lawrence &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1951(Qld) - 4HF Brisbane?, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, Halcyon (not mentioned)

===''FITZGERALD''===

* [[/Eric Francis Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84F-Z7H] - 1907(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2EA Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1928-1929; Burwood, 1930-1931; Pagewood, 1931; Abbotsford, 1931; Bellevue Hill, 1933-1937; Waverley, 1938-1939); 2AAO Sydney (Chatswood, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 467, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/Patrick Michael Anthony Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Patrick Michael Anthony &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G33Q-6K9] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PF Rockhampton (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1802, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930); public servant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1968); clerk (Corinda, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Emu Park, Qld, 1980)

===''FITZGIBBONS''===

* [[/Richard John Fitzgibbons|Fitzgibbons, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-QPG] - 1893(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4DV Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fitter (Maryborough, Qld, 1916-1919); engine fitter (Ascot, Qld, 1921-1968)

===''FITZMAURICE''===

* [[/James Simcoe Fitzmaurice|Fitzmaurice, James Simcoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-KCF] - 1861(Vic)-1934(SA) - Licences: XYB Perth (1913-1914); 5FT Adelaide (North Walkerville, 1923-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (State Engineer, WA &amp; SA); MIEE, AMIEE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1914-1916)

===''FITZPATRICK''===

* [[/William Patrick Fitzpatrick|Fitzpatrick, William Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH1P-T1B] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3WF Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 876, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1934-1942); radio engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968); PMG (Nunawading, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FITZSIMMONS''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Fitzsimmons|Fitzsimmons, Raymond Harold or Harold Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTZ-2N9] - 1917(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3FI Horsham (1947-1955); 3FI Shepparton (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1885, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FITZSIMONS''===

* [[/Hilary Blanchard Fitzsimons|Fitzsimons, Hilary Blanchard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-NMN] - 1918(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980+); 3ARZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2118, 1938, Vic; BOCP 332, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1943); technician (Auburn, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FLAHERTY''===

* [[/Gordon Thomas Holm Flaherty|Flaherty, Gordon Thomas Holm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Q2-C9T] - 1900(Vic)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CB Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: postman (South Brisbane, 1922); telephone mechanic (Buranda, 1925; Coorparoo, 1928); mechanic (Camp Hill, 1936; Beaudesert, 1937-1943); technician (Camp Hill, 1949-1963)

===''FLETCHER''===

* [[/Austin Fletcher|Fletcher, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKQ-2QR] - 1891(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 128, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Roebourne, 1913); radio operator (Esperance, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Roebourne, 1917-1918); telegraphist (Oakleigh, 1921)

* [[/R. I. Fletcher|Fletcher, R. I.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIJ Sydney (Woollahra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FLOOD''===

* [[/Arthur George Flood|Flood, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BF-HPG] - 1883(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 238, 1916; 2COCP 415, 1932; 1COCP 348, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIL Flinders Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Emita, Flinders Island, Tas, 1914-1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1925; Meeandah, Qld, 1928; Eagle Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Cooktown, Qld, 1943); retired (Cairns, 1954-1958; Eventide Home, Charters Towers, 1963)

* [[/John Spencer Flood|Flood, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23T-S71] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YS Sydney (Granville, 1937-1938); 2YS Newcastle (Waratah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 227, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balmain, NSW, 1933); constable (Harris Park, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943; Adamstown, NSW, 1949; Police Wireless Station, Waratah, NSW, 1949-1954; Lambton, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Francis Joseph Flood|Flood, Reginald Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-K1D] - 1913(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Penshurst, 1938-1939; Blakehurst, 1946-1961; Bexley, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1609, 1936, NSW; BOCP 439, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2EI Lindsay John Payne West - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1937; Penshurst, NSW, 1937; Blakehurst, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Bexley, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''FOGG''===

* [[/Hugh Lillico Fogg|Fogg, Hugh Lillico]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-KRZ] - 1900(Tas)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6HF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1939); 5HF Mt Barker (1947-1948); 3AHF Benalla (1954-1960); 6HF Perth (Inglewood, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 787, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1931); clerk (Maylands, WA, 1936); bank officer (Maylands, WA, 1943); manager (ANZ Bank, Benalla, Vic, 1954); retired (Inglewood, WA, 1963-1972)

===''FOLDI''===

* [[/John Rollo Foldi|Foldi, John Rollo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB2-FCV] - 1904(Sct)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 4KT Port Moresby, Papua (1933); 9KT Daru, Papua (1947-1948); 9KT Port Moresby, Papua (1954); 9KT Rabaul, New Guinea (1955-1960); 2BKT Sydney (Avalon, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (Civil), 1963 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Avalon, NSW, 1968)

===''FOLEY''===

* [[/Henry James Bartholomew Foley|Foley, Henry James Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QZ-5SV] - 1886(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Sydney (Randwick, 1911) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1913); merchant (Drummoyne, 1930-1954)

* [[/Joseph Patrick James Foley|Foley, Joseph Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYS1-719] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RQ Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1936); 2RQ Port Hacking (1937-1939); 2RQ Sydney (Erskineville, 1947-1950); 2RQ Blakehurst (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 955, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1930; Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1934; Port Hacking, NSW, 1937); electrical contractor (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943; Blakehurst, NSW, 1949-1963); contractor (Blakehurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FOLIE''===

* [[/Max Ulrich Francis Folie|Folie, Max Ulrich Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-Y7F] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3WZ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1933); 3GZ Mildura (1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 682, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Auburn, 1931); radio engineer (Mildura, 1934-1968)

===''FONTAINE''===

* [[/Louis Alfred Fontaine|Fontaine, Louis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-L2V] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XJB Melbourne (Prahran, 1913-1914); 3FQ Melbourne (Armadale, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1914, No. 3 in Aus and Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RANRS; coastal wireless operator (VIG, Port Moresby, 1915-1918); - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Wyndham, 1918; Geraldton, 1922; Thursday Island, 1934-1936); telegraphist (St Kilda, 1937); radio telegraphist (Malvern, 1942); electrician (Camberwell, 1949)

===''FOORD''===

* [[/Raymond Archibald Foord|Foord, Raymond Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K871-416] - 1909(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1819, 1936, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949))

* [[/Thomas Gellibrand Foord|Foord, Thomas Gellibrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBNV-H9G]  - 1890(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: XJEL Melbourne (Gardiner, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1919; Malvern East, Vic, 1921-1949); not stated (Dromana, Vic, 1954)

===''FOOT''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Samuel Foot|Foot, Ernest Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-H6B] - 1915(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3EH Melbourne (Balwyn, 1936-1939; West Brunswick, 1947-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+); 3AFY Melbourne (Rosebud, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1704, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); wool presser (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Boronia, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/George Foot|Foot, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BT-FVF] - 1878(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 36, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (South Yarra, 1915; St Kilda, 1916-1917); RAN (Balaclava, 1919); tobacconist (Sandringham, 1925); manager (Prahran, 1937); clerk (St Kilda, 1942); retired (Dandenong, 1949-1954)

===''FORD''===

* [[/Robert Ford|Ford, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4Y-WZ8] - 1916(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1928, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous RFs - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); agent (Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); valuer (Templestowe Lower, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FORECAST''===

* [[/Arthur Mark Llewllyn Forecast|Forecast, Arthur Mark Llewllyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HPS-H18] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1931; St Kilda, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; The Basin, 1954-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 279, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 141, 1934; BOCP 156, 1938; 1COCP 245, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Malvern, 1925-1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1931-1934); biograph operator (Caulfield East, 1937-1942; Glenhuntley, 1949); projectionist (The Basin, 1963-1972); retired (Ferntree Gully, 1977; Knoxfield, 1980)

===''FOREMAN''===

* [[/Edgar Graham Foreman|Foreman, Edgar Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD95-36X] - 1908(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4GF Ayr (1935-1939); 4GF Townsville (North Ward, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1577, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanton Hill, Qld, 1930); salesman (Ayr, Qld, 1934-1937); procurement specialist (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1954-1968); proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Richard Maynard Foreman|Foreman, Richard Maynard]] - 1915(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1937-1939); 2DKG Sydney (Vaucluse, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1870, 1937, Vic; BOCP 187, 1938; 2COCP 223, 1939; 1COCP 293, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1936-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1943; Cairns, Qld, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FORMAN''===

* [[/William Arthur David Forman|Forman, William Arthur David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPB-439] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 9WF Patrol Vessel Eros, Rabaul (1938); 9WF M. V. Erica, Lae (1947); 2WF Sydney (Manly, 1948; Beacon Hill, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 534, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: navigator (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1935); shipmaster (Manly, NSW, 1943-1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1949-1963; Brookvale, NSW, 1972)

===''FORREST''===

* [[/John Forrest|Forrest, John]] - 1847(WA)-1918(???) - state politician, senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1901, 17 days)

===''FORSHAW''===

* [[/Charles Joseph Forshaw|Forshaw, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-783] - 1895(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJDA Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914); V736 Receive Hamilton (1922); 3GQ Receive Hamilton (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Myrtleford, 1917); clerk (Oakleigh, 1924-1937; Gardiner, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949; Glenhuntly, 1954)

===''FORSTER''===

* [[/John Charles Forster|Forster, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHK-ZTZ] - 1901(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CI Receive Korbel (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Korbel, WA, 1925-1949; Scarborough, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Scarborough, WA, 1977)

* [[/Milton Melrose Forster|Forster, Milton Melrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY9W-2G8] - 1911(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1383, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 237, 1935; COCP2 117, 1937; COCP1 162, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/628398 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701807 AWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=72811 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''FORSYTH''===

* [[/Royce Arthur Forsyth|Forsyth, Royce Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1R-3S5] - 1917(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1637, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Launceston, 1943); teacher (Hobart North, 1944); schoolteacher (Bellerive, 1949-1972)

===''FORSYTHE''===

* [[/Leonard Edgar Forsythe|Forsythe, Leonard Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBY-MTR] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2BF Receive Sydney (Northbridge, 1922); 2BF Sydney (Northbridge, 1922-1929; Drummoyne, 1930-1933; Snapper Island, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 40, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: flagmaker (Northbridge, 1930-1949); department manager (Drummoyne, 1958); ship's chandler (Drummoyne, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BF - Leonard Edgar Forsythe&quot;

===''FORTESCUE''===

* [[/Charles Fortescue|Fortescue, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD8X-GQ7] - 1893(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Toowoomba (1922-1924); 4CF Toowoomba (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Army, CMF, Colonel); WW2; jeweller - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Toowoomba, 1913-1958); nil (Toowoomba, 1963-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;4GE-4CF - Charles Fortescue&quot;

===''FORWOOD''===

* [[/Walter Reginald Brendan Forwood|Forwood, Walter Reginald Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSN-3T8] - 1908(SA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Torrensville, 1923); 2XL Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931); 2BZ Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931; Mosman, 1933-1935) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 965, 1927 (Spark) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972)

===''FOSTER''===

* [[/Ernest John Foster|Foster, Ernest John &quot;Ernie&quot;]] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - 4BY Brisbane, amateur operator (no record of AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), broadcast engineer (4MB, 4BU), military (WW2, RAAF)

* [[/James Foster|Foster, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2Z-27G] - 1915(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5TX Adelaide (North Kensington, 1933-1939); 5LU Adelaide (Dulwich, 1947-1948; Oaklands, 1954-1965; Marion, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1140, 1933, SA; 1COCP 1046, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Frewville, SA, 1943)

* [[/Norman Cecil Foster|Foster, Norman Cecil &quot;Norm&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87W-KYM] - 1896(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XAF Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: solderer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937; Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1954); sheet metal worker (Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Quintin John Foster|Foster, Quintin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3VG-LQD] - 1915(Qld)-1998(Egypt) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2197, 1938, Qld; COCP1 1025, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1511464 AWM OBE 1967] - Electoral Rolls: mailman (Grantham, Qld, 1936-1937); warrant officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Lyneham, ACT, 1963; Macquarie, ACT, 1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10114802 AWM]

===''FOURRO''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Fourro|Fourro, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4D1-YRR] - 1906(NZ)-1978(ACT) - Licences: 2VF Corowa (1930-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 703, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 165, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Narrandera, 1930); telephone mechanic (Corowa, 1931-1935); wireless mechanic (Corowa, 1936); mechanic (Brighton-le-Sands, 1937); foreman mechanic (2CY Canberra, 1943-1954); supervising technician (2BA Bega, 1958-1963); technician (Merimbula, 1968-1972)

===''FOWLES''===

* [[/Gordon Malcolm Fowles|Fowles, Gordon Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H2-RC9] - 1911(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1931); 3AMF Melbourne (Wheeler's Hill, 1948-1960; Avonsleigh, 1965-1969); 3AMF Cowes (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 490, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Albert Park, 1943; Hamilton, 1949); farmer (Avonsleigh, 1968); retired (Cowes, 1972)

===''FOX''===

* [[/Arthur Fox|Fox, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4Y-WZQ] - 1908(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2KP Sydney (Rose Bay, 1931-1939, 1946-1954; Caringbah, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 794, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1954); electrical contractor (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/William George Fox|Fox, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BY-J5Z] - 1886(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 106, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Comment: several contemporaneous WG Fox; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FOXCROFT''===

* [[/Allan Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQS-K5P] - 1921(WA)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 6AF Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939); 3AE Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1859, 1937, WA; 1COCP 506, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Gordon Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-KQK] - 1917(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3UQ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1947; Northcote, 1948-1969); 3BNF Melbourne (Viewbank, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2277, 1939, Vic; COCP2 622, 1942; BOCP 623, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Nephew of 2AKG Norman Howard Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: assurance superintendent (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1968); proprietor (Heidelberg, Vic, 1972; Viewbank, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Howard Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJDK-6FY] - 1896(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 830, 1924; COCP2 203, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Uncle of 3UQ-3BNF Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); clerk (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1937; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''FRAME''===

* [[/Vivian Horace Frame|Frame, Vivian Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ1-4QT] - 1899(Qld)-1959(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Mareeba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman ( Brisbane City, Qld); public works officer (Mareeba, Qld, 1922); architect (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925-1928; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1937; Virginia, Qld, 1949-1954; Norman Park, Qld, 1958)

===''FRANCIS''===

* [[/John William Francis|Francis, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHW-WHZ] - 1907(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Broken Hill (1936-1939); 2OF Parkes (1946-1947); 2OF Doonside (1948-1956); 2OF Euchareena (1957-1961); 2BQH Sydney (Rockside, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1753, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1933-1934); mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); postmaster (Doonside, NSW, 1949-1958); no occupation (Molong, NSW, 1963)

===''FRANK''===

* [[/Kendall Thomas Frank|Frank, Kendall Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-TGZ] - 1904(WA)-1951(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 921, 1926; 2COCP 289, 1930; 1COCP 64, 1935 - ship wireless operator (AWA), coastal wireless operator, amateur operator?, broadcast engineer (4PM) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lakemba, 1943) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/frank-kendall-thomas-10236 ADB]

===''FRANKLIN''===

* [[/John Percival Franklin|Franklin, John Percival]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-1HZ] - 1922(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALP Sydney (North Sydney, 1939; Cammeray, 1946; North Sydney, 1947-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1958); 2ALP Umina (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2263, 1939, NSW; COCP3 3713, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949-1958); engineer (Umina, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''FRANZI''===

* [[/William Ronald Franzi|Franzi, William Ronald &quot;Bill&quot; (formerly Emilio Stefan)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG2-WYP] - 1909(Italy)-1994(SA) - Licences: 4FR Atherton (1938-1939); 5FR Adelaide (Da Costa Park, 1946-1965; Glenelg East, 1969-1975); 5VK American Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2192, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (IREE); military (RAAF); employment (radio technician); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FRASER''===

* [[/Albert Fraser|Fraser, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17H-PZW] - 1899(Sct)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3NG Redcliffs (1947-1948); 3NG Melbourne (Mentone, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2169, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: horticulturist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949); boilermaker (Mentone, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/James Douglas Fraser|Fraser, James Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NS-MQ3] - 1900(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Quirindi (1930-1935) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 637, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quirindi, 1930-1943); engineer (Picton, 1949-1954)

* [[/John Henry Fraser|Fraser, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WY-NZK] - 1915(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2AFJ Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938; North Sydney, 1939; Pymble, 1950; St Ives, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1821, 1936, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 84, 1936; COCP1 132, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (St Ives, NSW, 1977); farmer (Colo Heights, NSW, 1980)

* [[/H. Fraser|Fraser, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 2JC Tamworth (1924-1925), amateur operator (no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Henry George Fraser|Fraser, Henry George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 1001, 1932, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, at least two HGF engineers

* [[/Noel Roderick Fraser|Fraser, Noel Roderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTQ-LCK] - 1933(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (circa 1950) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (West Ryde, NSW, 1958); chemist (Turramurra South, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FRAZER''===

* [[/A. G. Frazer|Frazer, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914); 3PZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Edward Frazer|Frazer, Charles Edward &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6T-55R] - 1880(Vic)-1913(Vic) - politician (Postmaster-General, 1911-1913)

* [[/Charles John Frazer|Frazer, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVJK-8KJ] - 1882(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XIB Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Camperdown, 1903) - Comment: Identification needs to be checked

===''FREE''===

* [[/George Bertram Free|Free, George Bertram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR76-G3R] - 1907(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2IT Sydney (Willoughby, 1936-1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in R.A.N.) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); naval rating (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1943); insurance inspector (Canterbury, NSW, 1949; Belmore, NSW, 1949); taxi cab proprietor (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''FREEMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Freeman|Freeman, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZL-4F7] - 19??(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Burwood, 1929-1939; Ashfield, 1946-1958; Cheltenham, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 544, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: packer (Newtown, 1930-1931; East Sydney, 1933-1935); engineer (Burwood, 1936-1937; Ashfield, 1943-1958; Cheltenham, 1963-1968) - individual not fully identified

* [[/ John Eric Leslie Freeman|Freeman,  John Eric Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHJ-1CM] - 1905(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1576, 1935, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933-1937); mechanic (Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954; Hamilton, NSW, 1958)

* [[/L. Freeman|Freeman, L.]] - 18??-19?? - Licences: XQB Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FREESTONE''===

* [[/Leslie Roy Freestone|Freestone, Leslie Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-NB5] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Ballarat (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Ballarat, 1916-1920); commercial traveller (Ballarat, 1921-1936); traveller (Brighton, 1937-1954); nil (Geelong, 1977-1980)

===''FREMLIN''===

* [[/Kenneth Fremlin|Fremlin, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K69J-CHK] - 1899(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: XACQ Sydney (Newtown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 227, 1937 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1937; Control Station, Goulburn, NSW, 1943-1958); civil servant (Bundanoon, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''FRETTEN''===

* [[/O'Della Paul Fretten|Fretten, O'Della Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-BQH] - 1894(Eng)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 2RU Sydney (Concord, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 460, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930; Strathfield, 1933); foreman (Lane Cove, 1936-1937); public servant (St Kilda, 1943); cafe proprietor (Melbourne, 1949); sales manager (St Kilda, 1963); instructor (Brighton, 1967-1968); retired (Malvern East, 1972; Fitzroy North, 1977)

===''FREW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Samuel Vernon Frew|Frew, Geoffrey Samuel Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-ZC1] - 1909(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3PM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PL Melbourne (Brighton, 1960); 3JK Melbourne (Brighton, 1969); 3PM Melbourne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 402, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 66, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1933); manager (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1943; Brighton, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''FRIAR''===

* [[/Archibald Owen Friar|Friar, Archibald Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4LQ-LGV] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AO Ulmarra (1929-1931); 2AO Grafton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 504, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Ulmarra, 1930-1937); garage proprietor (South Grafton, 1943-1963)

===''FROGLEY''===

* [[/Gerard James Frogley|Frogley, Gerard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7K7-JNM] - 1902(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Richmond, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 240, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (East Melbourne, 1924); battery mechanic (Richmond, 1925-1931)

===''FROMHOLTZ''===

* [[/Cedric Atherton Fromholtz|Fromholtz, Cedric Atherton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM5F-P6W] - 1910(Qld)-1993(Tas) - Licences: 3UY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 843, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1937; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); cashier (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''FRY''===

* [[/Alfred Turner Fry|Fry, Alfred Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRX-2SL] - 1881(NSW)-1928(Vic) - Licences: 7BG Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Ballarat, 1917; Queenstown, Tas, 1919-1922; Sandringham, 1924-1927)

* [[/Reginald Hall Fry|Fry, Reginald Hall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-9WN] - 1891(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2KC Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2KC Sydney (Croydon, 1922-1929; Killara, 1930-1933); 2KC Parkes (1934); 2KC Goulburn (1935-1936); 2KC Wollongong (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 86, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1914-1919, Sapper, 2nd Signal Troop; Australian Flying Corps); apprentice (Railway Workshops) - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Gordon, 1930; Killara, 1933; Goulburn, 1935-1936; Wollongong, 1937; Killara, 1943-1968); engineer (Killara, 1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2KC - Reginald Hall Fry&quot;

===''FRYAR''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Luxton Fryar|Fryar, Charles Frederick Luxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-DX1] - 1909(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2NP Sydney (Gladesville, 1933-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1179, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''FRYER''===

* [[/Keith Norman Fryer|Fryer, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KH-TZ8] - 1906(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 2KF Sydney (Suspension Bridge, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 332, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1934; North Sydney, 1936; Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''FULCHER''===

* [[/J. Fulcher|Fulcher, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, (Halcyon, P. 4)

===''FULLER''===

* [[/Harold Sydney Fuller|Fuller, Harold Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-1WQ] - 1914(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HF Melbourne (Essendon, 1932-1939); 3HF Warrnambool (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 877, 1932, Vic; BOCP 96, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Hugh John Maesmore Fuller|Fuller, Hugh John Maesmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMX-2MS] - 1915(NSW)-2006(Eng) - Licences: 2VK Albury (1935-1939, 1947-1950 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 36, 1935; COCP1 63, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943)

===''FULTON''===

* [[/William Augustus Fulton|Fulton, William Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSC-N4P] - 1910(Vic)-1997(WA) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Canterbury, 1934-1939; Alphington, 1947; North Balwyn, 1948; Canterbury, 1954-1956); 6FX Perth (South Perth, 1960; Como, 1965-1969; Victoria Park, 1975; Menora, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1366, 1934, Vic; TVOCP 170, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); airman (Alphington, Vic, 1942); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); public servant (Como, WA, 1963-1968; Mt Lawley, Vic, 1972; Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980); retired (Menora, WA, 1980)

===''FURNEAUX''===

* [[/Edgar Frank Furneaux|Furneaux, Edgar Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQR-7DN] - 1912(Eng)-1991(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1307, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Waikerie, SA, 1939); mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943)

===''FURZE''===

* [[/John Alan Richard Furze|Furze, John Alan Richard, &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G584-NR6] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HF Sydney (Manly, 1933-1936; Seaforth, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Beecroft, 1948-1950; Killara, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 424, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Seaforth, NSW, 1936-1943); airline pilot (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); pilot (Killara, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''FUSSELL''===

* [[/Robert Maxwell Fussell|Fussell, Robert Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGT7-XVY] - 1910(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2SS Sydney (Naremburn, 1934-1936; Willoughby, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1260, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: packer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931; Naremburn, NSW, 1935); storeman (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); court keeper (Albury, NSW, 1943)

===''FYSH''===

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNP-534] - 1835(Eng)-1919(Tas) - state politician (MLC Tas, 1860s through 1890s; MHA Tas 1870s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1903-1904) - Relationships: grandfather of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YS-4ZR] - 1897(Tas)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7PF Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 128, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Launceston Radio Experimenters' Club, WIA Launceston); WW2 - Relationships: grandson of Philip Oakley Fysh, federal Postmaster-General 1903-1904 - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Launceston, 1922-1954)

=='''G'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''GABBERTAS''===

* [[/Jack Gabbertas|Gabbertas, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF9C-2W7] - 1915(Eng)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Maylands, 1936-1939; Mt Hawthorn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1810, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); mechanic (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1980)

===''GADSDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden|Gadsden, Stanley Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM38-WZ2] - 1887(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3SW Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 26, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil); radio clubs (WIA Vic, Chief of Council, 1926); placed 2nd in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Kew, 1908-1915); manufacturer (Kew, 1917-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3SW - Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden&quot;

===''GALBRAITH''===

* [[/Leslie Colin Campbell Galbraith|Galbraith, Leslie Colin Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLY1-L1H] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ABD Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Edgecliffe, 1939, 1946-1948); 2ABD Bega (1950); 2ABD Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1954-1965; Bayview, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1604, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1933); director (Paddington, NSW, 1949-1963); company director (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''GALL''===

* [[/William Leslie Gall|Gall, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W5C-H3P] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XADA Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1930-1937; Bexley, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''GALLE''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Galle|Galle, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-KXN] - 1912(SA)-2008(SA)96yo - Licences: 5QR Adelaide (Prospect, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Enfield, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 834, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Jabuk, SA, 1939-1941); schoolteacher (Tailem Bend, SA, 1943)

===''GAMBLE''===

* [[/William Ray Gamble|Gamble, William Ray &quot;Ray&quot;]] - 1928(NSW)-2011(NSW) - broadcast engineer (BOCP 961, 1948), station manager, radio network principal [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/vale-ray-gamble Radio Info]

===''GAMMIE''===

* [[/Andrew Victor Gammie|Gammie, Andrew Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKYV-85N] - 1909(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2VR Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 963, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1935; Randwick, NSW, 1937-1949); engineer (Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GAMON''===

* [[/George Arthur Gamon|Gamon, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZL1-2JD] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1925-1926; Middle Park, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 89, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922-1924); University (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); manager (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); engineer (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1972; Labrador, Qld, 1977)

===''GANNON''===

* [[/Gilbert Roscoe Gannon|Gannon, Gilbert Roscoe &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5P-T61] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XCF Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914); 2LD Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1913; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); public servant (Pymble, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''GARDINER''===

* [[/Ian Donald Russell Gardiner|Gardiner, Ian Donald Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZN-QWW] - 1915(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ABY Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1610, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (Manly, NSW, 1943; Helensburgh, NSW, 1954; Ryde, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vincent Gardiner|Gardiner, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2GJ-9QS] - 1893(Eng)-1971(WA?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 248, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - ship wireless operator, instructor Marconi School of Wireless, Sydney - Electoral Rolls: agent (Jolimont, Vic, 1925; Hawthorn, Vic, 1928); company manager (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930); manufacturer (Brisbane CBD, Qld, 1931; New Farm, Qld, 1934; Centennial Park, NSW, 1935; Mosman Park, WA, 1943; Greenmount, WA, 1954-1968) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118863733 Trove Bio]

===''GARDNER''===

* [[/John Kelvin Gardner|Gardner, John Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPDD-8K8] - 1913(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3NA Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947); 3NA Warrnambool (1948-1965); 3NA Melbourne (Middle Park, 1969-1975); 3NA Cannons Creek (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1132, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous JKG - Relationships: Son of 2AN Walter Everson Gardner - Electoral Rolls: student (Ormond College, Carlton South, Vic, 1936); medical practitioner (Royal Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 1937; Warrnambool, Vic, 1949-1967; Albert Park, Vic, 1968-1977); medical officer (Cannons Creek, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Walter Everson Gardner|Gardner, Walter Everson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYN-GGD] - 1873(USA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2AN Receive Broken Hill (1922); 2AN Broken Hill (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of 3NA John Kelvin Gardner - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''GARING''===

* [[/William Henry Garing|Garing, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WV-2YG] - 1910(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 431, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: cadet (Point Cook, 1931-1934); airman (Point Cook, 1937); RAAF officer (Townsville, 1943; Point Cook, Vic, 1958; Williamtown, NSW, 1958); executive director (Turramurra, 1968); director (Turramurra, 1980)

===''GARNER''===

* [[/Alan Raymond Garner|Garner, Alan Raymond]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician! (Frankston, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harold Hugh Garner|Garner, Harold Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G13B-LDW] - 1911(Eng)-2001(NT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2135, 1938, WA; BOCP 256, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1930-1946) - Awards: Member OBE (Civil), for Principal of the Adult Education Centre, Darwin, 1969) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Harvey, WA, 1936); miner (Norseman, WA, 1937); broadcaster (Minding, WA, 1943); examiner of patents (Barton, ACT, 1949; Ainslie, ACT, 1954); education (Darwin, 1963-1972); retired (Darwin, NT, 1977)

* [[/Walter Brendon Garner|Garner, Walter Brendon or Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-1PQ] - 1896(WA)-1986(WA) - Licences: XYV Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Nedlands, WA, 1931-1937); soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943; research officer (West Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1972; West Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

===''GARNETT''===

* [[/Brian Garnett|Garnett, Brian]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4AHN Currimundi, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld),

===''GARRAN''===

* [[/Richard Randolph Garran|Garran, Richard Randolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K822-L54] - 1903(Vic)-1991(ACT) - Licences: 3AW Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1924-1925); manager (Semaphore, SA, 1941; Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GARRETT''===

* [[/Horace Benjamin Walter Garrett|Garrett, Horace Benjamin Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-9SV] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (Box Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Box Hill, 1928-1934); radio mechanic (Box Hill, 1936); salesman (Box Hill, 1943-1977)

===''GARTH''===

* [[/Reginald Garth|Garth, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DX-47Z] - 1903(Eng)-1959(Tas) - Licences: 2VZ Sydney (Coogee, 1930; Clovelly, 1931-1933; Bankstown, 1934-1936); 4VZ Mackay (1937-1939); 3SF Melbourne (Preston, 1948; Seaford, 1954); 7RG Trevallyn, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 584, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933); mechanic (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1936); electrician (Slade Point, Qld, 1937-1943; Beaconsfield, Tas, 1958)

===''GATFIELD''===

* [[/Henry Alfred Gatfield|Gatfield, Henry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSD-7Q6] - 1887(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: XJEG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor expert (Geelong, Vic, 1909); automobile expert (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1919)

===''GAY''===

* [[/Augustus Holman Gay|Gay, Augustus Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PF-938] - 1902(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SM Warragul (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Warragul, 1927-1934); engineer (South Yarra, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Kew, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vivian James Gay|Gay, Vivian James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYT8-VJJ] - 1908(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 2VI Sydney (Chatswood, 1935-1939; North Sydney, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965); 2VI Burradoo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1510, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943); master printer (Lane Cove, 1949-1968); printer (Artarmon, 1972); retired (Burradoo, 1977-1980)

===''GAYLARD''===

* [[/George Samuel Arthur Gaylard|Gaylard, George Samuel Arthur or Arthur George Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQN-VRX] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: draper (Canterbury, Vic, 1922); merchant (Shepparton, Vic, 1925-1968)

===''GEAKE''===

* [[/Wilfred Vivian Geake|Geake, Wilfred Vivian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTF-H1J] - 1893(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5BR Receive Kooringa (1922); 5BR Receive (Murray Bridge, 1923); Receive Murray Bridge (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hillside, SA, 1939)

===''GEARY''===

* [[/Kermit Erwin Geary|Geary, Kermit Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMN-89Z] - 1917(USA)-2010(USA)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - listener (1930s to 2000s; MW, SW, FM, Utility) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (1000s) was donated to NRC by KEG, thence to AMP and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/mcall/name/kermit-geary-obituary?id=13033505 Obit &amp; Comments]; [https://nationalradioclub.org/QSLs/Geary/index.html NRC QSLs]

===''GEDDES''===

* [[/Frank Albert Geddes|Geddes, Frank Albert]] - 1901(NSW)-1922(NSW) - 2GC Sydney (Waverley, 1922, receive only), amateur operator (pre AOCP, no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), radio clubs (Waverley Radio Club), due to age licence held in name of father Francis G Geddes

===''GEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Harrie Gee|Gee, Kenneth Harrie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1W-42N] - 1919(Vic)-2014(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3IA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Blackburn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2152, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); draftsman (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Frederick Gee|Gee, Richard Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHPH-D8K] - 1911(Tas)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7RF Hobart (New Town, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2439, 1940, Tas - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, NCO or other, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical salesman (New Town, Tas, 1936-1972)

===''GEEVES''===

* [[/Philip Leslie Geeves|Geeves, Philip Leslie &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88C-Y8Y] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - radio broadcaster (VK2ME, 2CH, ABC); employment (AWA, 1937-1970s); journalist (SMH); historian (AWA, broadcasting); awards (OAM, 1980) - Electoral Rolls: radio executive (Bexley, 1949-1963); executive (Hurstville South, 1972-1980)

===''GEISEL''===

* [[/Elizabeth Aileen Geisel|Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK7-NJ4] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5YL Murray Bridge (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1788, 1936, SA; 2COCP 448, 1941; 1COCP 544, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''GELDARD''===

* [[/Horace Rendalls Geldard|Geldard, Horace Rendalls]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSP-ZB8] - 1901(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6GD Perth (Victoria Park, 1939, 1947-1948; Queens Park, 1954; Bayswater, 1955, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2327, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Spencers Brook, WA, 1925); linesman (East Perth, WA, 1925); fireman (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1949); turbine driver (Canning, WA, 1954; Bayswater, WA, 1958-1968)

===''GEORGE''===

* [[/Carl William George|George, Carl William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZJ-WMF] - 1878(???)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2UG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 853, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Heinrich Alfred August George|George, Heinrich Alfred August &quot;Henry&quot;, &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G387-XZ4] - 1899(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, 1919-1963)

* [[/Vernon Harold George|George, Vernon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN41-TZL] - 1897(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1931-1939, 1947-1960; Mt Martha, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 265, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Coburg, 1921-1928); clerk (Heidelberg, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''GEORGESON''===

* [[/James Georgeson|Georgeson, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS1-17Q] - 1897(Eng)-1976(Taiwan) - Licences: 5JD Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1938); 2AKU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1939; Granville, 1946-1947; Artarmon, 1948-1954; Lane Cove (1955); Artarmon (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1783, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1943); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1972)

===''GERAGHTY''===

*[[/James Anselm Geraghty|Geraghty, James Anselm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVD-VY9] - 1877(???)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CS Receive Townsville (1923); 4CS Townsville (1923-1924); 4CS Brisbane (Nudgee, 1924); 4CS Gympie (1924); 4CS Townsville (1925); 4CS Gympie (1925-1927); 2JG Wagga Wagga (1929); 7CB Launceston (1931); 4CB Brisbane (Nudgee, 1933); 4AC Bundaberg (1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 186, 1925, No. 17 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion and teacher (Christian Brothers) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ballarat, 1906; Gympie, 1909-1913; Dunedin, 1914-1916; South Brisbane, 1919-1925; Tamworth, 1930; Bundaberg, 1934; Ipswich, 1943; Albion, 1949; Gympie, 1954); retired (Boondall, 1958-1968)

===''GERARD''===

* [[/John Walter Gerard|Gerard, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYH3-PS2] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADN Coffs Harbour (1936-1939, 1946-1969); 2ADN Bonville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1755, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1954); theatre manager (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bonville, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GIBBENS''===

* [[/Arthur James Gibbens|Gibbens, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZB-CJS] - 1915(SA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2BT Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1934; Randwick, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1144, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 266, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Clovelly, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrical engineer (Watson, ACT, 1963-1977)

===''GIBBINGS''===

* [[/William Edgar Gibbings|Gibbings, William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W1-P9B] - 1913(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NH Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1937); 3NH Melbourne (Essendon, 1938); 2XN Sydney (Castle Hill, 1947-1955; Marrickville, 1956; Strathfield, 1957-1969; Homebush, 1980); 4WO Brisbane (Kedron, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1190, 1933, NSW; COCP1 113, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, Signals Division, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); company executive (Strathfield, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GIBBON''===

* [[/Thomas Foster Gibbon|Gibbon, Thomas Foster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G857-MWS] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJAV Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Kew, 1923); 3XZ Melbourne (Kew, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: student (Kew, 1919-1925); electrical engineer (Kew, 1928-1954); engineer (Kew, 1963)

===''GIBBONS''===

* [[/Eric Thomas Gibbons|Gibbons, Eric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWDC-S3M] - 1911(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3AGB Warracknabeal (1947-1948); 3AGB Swan Hill (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2209, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Oyen, Vic, 1935); manager (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949); theatre manager (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Frederick Gibbons|Gibbons, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XB-YRJ] - 1907(Wales)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 255, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Neutral Bay, 1930); clerk (Gordon, 1954-1968); director (Turramurra, 1972-1977)

===''GIBSON''===

* [[/E. G. Gibson|Gibson, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Ormiston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

*[[/Edgar McLean Gibson|Gibson, Edgar McLean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-SM5] - 1877(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1925), possibly held on behalf of son Leighton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs - Relationships: father of 4AN William Leighton Gibson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Toowoomba, 1908-1917; Greenslopes, 1922); engineer (Manly, 1936-1937; Hawthorne, 1943-1968)

*[[/George Holland Gibson|Gibson, George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MXPG-HB4] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: XQG Brisbane (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Fortitude Valley, 1915-1917); mechanic (Newmarket, 1919-1928; New Farm, 1937-1943); telephone technician (Bulimba, 1954-1977)

* [[/Percy Reginald Gibson|Gibson, Percy or Percival Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-GJ7] - 1914(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1936-1939; Yarraville, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1666, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); accountant (Kingsville, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/Richard Leslie Gibson|Gibson, Richard Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QNS-G8V] - 1900(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2GH Alstonville (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 578, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Alstonville, 1930-1949); retired (Alstonville, 1963-1968; Ballina, 1972)

* [[/William Gerrand Gibson|Gibson, William Gerrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJY-5G9] - 1869(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, Federal Postmaster-General 1923-1929- TroveTag: &quot;William Gerrand Gibson&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gibson-william-gerrand-6313 ADB]

*[[/William Leighton Gibson|Gibson, William Leighton &quot;Leighton&quot; &amp; &quot;Gibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-Q7S] - 1907(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: AOCP 73, 1925, No. 7 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN &quot;Bananalander&quot;); wireless business employee (Phillips Radio) - Relationships: son of 4AN Edgar McLean Gibson - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Manly, Qld, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1943); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949); business executive (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); regional representative (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GIDDINGS''===

* [[/Albert Hudson Giddings|Giddings or Whitney, Albert Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR4-PDP] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 5FI Adelaide (Nailsworth, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1556, 1935, SA; 1COCP 102, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: PMG employee (Sale, Vic, 1968); technician (Elwood, Vic, 1972); clerk (Hughs, ACT, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/612780 VWMA]

* [[/Albert William James Giddings|Giddings, Albert William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9711-NG3] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DG Stratford (1935-1939); 3DG Numurkah (1947-1948); 3DG Lancefield (1954-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1574, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster;; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Culgoa, Vic, 1931); bank clerk (Pakenham East, Vic, 1934); bank officer (Stratford, Vic, 1936-1937); warrant officer RAAF (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); bank official (Numurkah, Vic, 1949)

===''GILCHRIST''===

* [[/V. H. Gilchrist|Gilchrist, V. H. &quot;Gil&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9VG Slate Creek via Wau, New Guinea - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILDER''===

* [[/Donald George Gilder|Gilder, Donald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5F8-D2F] - 1915(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 2NV Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1939, 1948-1950); 3AHG Melbourne (Burwood, 1954-1965; Box Hill South, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2358, 1939, NSW; BOCP 455, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising representative (Coburg, Vic, 1937); salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); executive (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); manager (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILFILLAN''===

* [[/William Charles Kent Gilfillan|Gilfillan, William Charles Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-93Q] - 1869(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AM Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Manly, 1913); soldier (Manly, 1930-1935); no occupation (Redfern, 1937); manufacturer (Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''GILHOOLEY''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Forrest Gilhooley|Gilhooley, Joseph Aloysius Forrest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-L6N] - 1877(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, 1903; Hunters Hill, 1930-1935); traveller (Hunters Hill, 1937-1949)

===''GILL''===

* [[/Alan Stewart Gill|Gill, Alan Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH6B-JQ4] - 1907(NSW)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 7AS Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 191, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist &amp; engineer (Electrolytic Zinc Co) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Hobart Central, 1928; Sandy Bay, 1936-1949); chemist (Hobart South, 1954)

* [[/Alfred Wyatt McKenzie Gill|Gill, Alfred Wyatt McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBP-B8D] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Receive Sydney (Killara, 1923); 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Killara, 1933-1937; Wahroonga, 1949); soldier (Wahroonga, 1943); airline officer (Wahroonga, 1954-1958)

===''GILLANDERS''===

* [[/Bruce Charles Gillanders|Gillanders, Bruce Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-QZH] - 1915(NSW)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2XS Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1391, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, 1942-1955) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1936); A.M.F. (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1968); project officer (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILLETT''===

* [[/Clarence Rex Gregory Gillett|Gillett, Clarence Rex Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWJC-ZDW] - 1919(SA?)-2020(SA) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (All Wave All World DX Club, Australian DX Radio Club (SA Branch), South Australian DX Radio Club, Australian Radio DX Club, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia, New Zealand Radio DX League) - substantial portion (100+) of QSL collection survives (SSD, NFSA)

===''GILLHAM''===

* [[/Norman William Gillham|Gillham, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTT-M8V] - 1906(Tas)-1994(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923-1924); 7NW Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 176, 1925, Tas; CPRT 944, 1927 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sandy Bay, 1928); joiner (Queensborough, 1936-1937); builder (Nelson, 1943-1954)

* [[/Charles Alfred Gillham|Gillham, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJP-4NB] - 1888(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2427, 1940, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILLON''===

* [[/Peter Clifford Gillon|Gillon, Peter Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7M-X53] - 1895(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 99, 1915 - Coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Bondi, 1934); radio telegraphist (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1936; Cooktown, Qld, 1937; Townsville, 1943); telegraphist (Kensington, NSW, 1949-1954; Cremorne, 1958); radio operator (Cremorne, 1963-1968)

===''GILMOUR''===

* [[/Norman Stanley Gilmour|Gilmour, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-PVG] - 1890(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2ZU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1930; Potts Point, 1931; City, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 28, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: director (Neutral Bay, 1930); business manager (Darlinghurst, 1931); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1937; Mosman, 1943-1958)

===''GINBEY''===

* [[/Ian Haldane Ginbey|Ginbey, Ian Haldane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-73N] - 1913(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6IG Perth (Fremantle, 1938-1939; Bicton, 1947-1948; Attadale, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2084, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1936; Fremantle, WA, 1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943); salesman (Melville, WA, 1958)

===''GINGER''===

* [[/Ubitt Victor Ginger|Ginger, Ubitt Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5P-G76] - 1891(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923); 2LF Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1924; North Sydney, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; police officer - callsign 2LF to L. R. Filmer, Toronto from Sep 1925, Bracken from 1933 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Chatswood, 1930-1933); police constable (Marrickville, 1934); constable (Naremburn, 1936-1937)

===''GINN''===

* [[/Ernest George Ginn|Ginn, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZC-95C] - 1917(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Townsville (1936-1939; 1946-1948); 4GE Brisbane (Hendra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1749, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ), military (WW2, RAAF, AIF); employment (life insurance agent) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Townsville, Qld, 1943); shop assistant (Windsor, Qld, 1949); salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''GIVENS''===

* [[/L. James M. Givens|Givens, L. James M. &quot;James&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LX-7WR] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1923); 3EP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1924-1927); 3XY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 849, 1925; AOLCP 121, 1933 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Canterbury, 1931-1937; Camberwell, 1943); photographer (Delbridge, 1954)

===''GLASSCOCK''===

* [[/Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock|Glasscock, Albert Linster Kirkland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4B-2CF] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ZI Sydney (West Ryde, 1931-1933; Lane Cove, 1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2ZI Culburra (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 724, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 349, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2LC Norman Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Petersham, NSW, 1930; Meadowbank, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933); constable (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1958); no occupation (Culburra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Norman Glasscock|Glasscock, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1H-J4R] - 1904(NZ)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1938; Darlinghurst, 1939; Randwick, 1946-1948; Chatswood, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 8, 1934; COCP1 39, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2ZI Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: builder (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1935); constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''GLASSOP''===

* [[/Bruce Leslie Glassop|Glassop, Bruce Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-DMF] - 1914(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2BG Sydney (Epping, 1934-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1958; Ermington, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1293, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Dundas, NSW, 1954-1963)

*[[/Ronald John Glassop|Glassop, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBZX-P8N] - 1910(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 2RF Newcastle (City, 1934-1935; Blackhalls, 1936; Hamilton East, 1937); 4BG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 4BG Maryborough (1947-1969); 4BG North Tamborine (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1288, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; insurance assessor - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Newcastle, NSW, 1932-1935); clerk (Hamilton, NSW, 1937); insurance inspector (Clayfield, Qld, 1937); insurance secretary (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1972; Mt Tamborine, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''GLEESON''===

* [[/John Lacey Gleeson|Gleeson, John Lacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-TQ7] - 1910(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1936-1939; Coburg, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1780, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1934-1936; Carlton, Vic, 1937-1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968)

===''GLENIE''===

* [[/Eliot Albert Glenie|Glenie, Eliot Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-FYW] - 1915(SA)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; Moorabbin, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2214, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); toolmaker (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GLEW''===

* [[/Leslie George Glew|Glew, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDCH-HWX] - 1893(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LG Melbourne (Newport, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 222, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 65, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925); WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Comment: Another contemporaneous LGG - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newport, Vic, 1924-1967)

===''GLOVER''===

* [[/Alexander Frederick Glover|Glover, Alexander Frederick or Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-XZ6] - 1925(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3AFG Sale (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2705, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Sale, 1949); mechanic (Sale, 1954-1980)

* [[/Arthur James George Glover|Glover, Arthur James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2MT8-CZ8] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1928-1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3AG Warrnambool (1937-1939); 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1946-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 392, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 1129, 1928; 2COCP 153, 1930; 1COCP 29, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Box Hill, 1931); engineer (Box Hill, 1936); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1937); engineer (Canterbury, 1943; Box Hill, 1949-1954); automation engineer (Camberwell, 1963-1968); engineer (Camberwell, 1972-1977)

* [[/Maurice Glover|Glover, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-25R] - 1912(Vic)-2003(Tas) - Licences: 7MG Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 7MG Swansea (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2129, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nelson, 1943); no occupation (Swansea, 1949; Nelson, 1954)

* [[/Maxwell Arthur Glover|Glover, Maxwell Arthur &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-58X] - 1902(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3GB Receive Melbourne (Auburn, 1922); 3GB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: No record of AOCP; 3COCP 671, 1948 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Camberwell, 1924-1934); wool buyer (Toorak, 1935-1936; South Yarra, 1937); director (Malvern, 1949-1980)

===''GLUSKIE''===

* [[/C. R. Gluskie|Gluskie, C. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GODDARD''===

* [[/Harry George Goddard|Goddard, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXV4-1Q1] - 1904(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2GN Sydney (North Sydney, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3998, 1962, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); buyer (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1963) - Callsign: Possible withdrawal of callsign for 2GN Goulburn commercial

* [[/John Endacott Goddard|Goddard, John Endacott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBM-L27] - 1914(WA)-1943(Crete) - Licences: 6JG Perth (North Perth, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1427, 1935, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Fremantle, 1936) - Links:  [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/goddard-john-endacott-406692/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://anzac.site/greece/crete-operation-thesis-goddard/ Operation Thesis]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703409 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neville Mitford Goddard|Goddard, Neville Mitford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHRS-MNR] - 1898(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - journalist; patent attorney - Electoral Rolls:

===''GODDEN''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Godden|Godden, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HB-RFD] - 1906(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3TI Mildura (1937-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1915, 1937, Vic; BOCP 1273, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1942); radio mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''GODWIN''===

* [[/Sydney Borrett Godwin|Godwin, Sydney Borrett or Borritt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5Y-RM3] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XGP Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sergeant, 1st Aus Naval &amp; Military Ex Force, E Company, 1914-1915) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); warrant officer (Maitland East, NSW, 1932-1933); military instructor (Tamworth, NSW, 1934-1936)

===''GOEBY''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Goeby|Goeby, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ3-3Q1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3GV Melbourne (Glenroy, 1935-1939; North Melbourne, 1947-1948; Doncaster, 1954-1975); 4AAG Caloundra (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1458, 1935, Vic; COCP2 1290, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: presser (Glenroy, Vic, 1937-1942); mechanic (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); traffic assistant (Doncaster, Vic, 1954-1967); clerk (Doncaster, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1980)

===''GOFORD''===

* [[/Thomas William Goford|Goford, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZH-W3H] - 1898(Eng)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4MI Mount Isa (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1675, 1936, Qld; BOCP 387, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mt Isa, Qld, 1937); broadcasting technician (Goonellabah, NSW, 1943); DCA technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1954-1963)

===''GOLD''===

* [[/Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold|Gold, Clifford Henry Yarburgh or Yarborough &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19B-YYC] - 1906(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Brisbane (Hill End, 1926-1931); 4CG Toowoomba (1933-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 262, 1926, No. 21 in Qld; AOLCP 186, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (West End, 1928-1931); radio operator (Toowoomba, 1934); projectionist (Toowoomba, 1936-1963); radio technician (Balmoral, 1968-1977) - Relationships: nephew of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; also Doug &amp; Geoff

* [[/Douglas Edward Gold|Gold, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RL-XQB] - 1917(NSW)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 254, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Toowoomba, 1943-1949); assistant manager (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

* [[/Edward Edwin Gold|Gold, Edward Edwin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13Q-WZV] - 1894(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Toowoomba (1924-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: AOCP 7, 1924, No. 1 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; awarded Class B licence for 4GR Toowoomba; commercial broadcast station proprietor (4GR); Relationships: father of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; uncle of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, 1925-1958)

* [[/Geoffrey Kilvington Gold|Gold, Geoffrey Kilvington]] - 1943(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 2210, 1963; AOLCP 1608, 1964 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Douglas Edward Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcaster (Annerley, 1968)

===''GOLDBERG''===

* [[/Raymond Gershon Goldberg|Goldberg, Raymond Gershon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1NS-KNQ] - 1919(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2431, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For fighter &amp; bomber sorties in the western desert with 450 squadron RAAF, 1944 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOLDEN''===

* [[/Patrick John Golden|Golden, Patrick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFG-R49] - 1893(Ire)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4PG Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK) - ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Wynnum Heights, 1928-1931); radio dealer (Clayfield, 1936-1937); radio operator (Flying boat base, Karumba, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GOLDIE''===

* [[/Alexander Thomas Goldie|Goldie, Alexander Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-49P] - 1915(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TG Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1934-1938); 2TG Wellington (1939); 2TG Orange (1946-1948); 2TG Casino (1950); 2TG Bellingen (1954-1958); 2TG Sydney (Bardwell Park, 1960-1969; Lugarno, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1338, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Maryvale, NSW, 1936-1937; Orange, NSW, 1943; Mummulgum, NSW, 1949; Bellingen, NSW, 1954-1958); school teacher (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1963-1968); school principal (Lugarno, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GOLDSMITH''===

* [[/Frank Herbert Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Frank Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93SX-QL8] - 1895(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6FG Perth (Nedlands Park, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 377, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio journalist - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Perth, 1917); journalist (Bunbury, 1921-1922; Nedlands, 1925-1949; Roleystone, 1954-1958); retired (Rossmoyne, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gordon William Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWR-BKR] - 1914(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5HM Cowandilla (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1629, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GOLDSWORTHY''===

* [[/William John Goldsworthy|Goldsworthy, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4D7-C24] - 1910(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (Valley, 1934-1939); 4WA Rockhampton (1947-1948)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1341, 1934, Qld; 2COCP 1112, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Valley, Qld, 1934-1943); aeradio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

===''GOLLEY''===

* [[/Jasper Claude Golley|Golley, Jasper Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-S1F] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1937; Glengowrie, 1938-1939; Seacliff, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1522, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Glengowrie, SA, 1939-1941; Seacliff, SA, 1943)

===''GOOD''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Good|Good, Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS7-P78] - 1864(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Glenrowan (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Taminick, 1903); traveller (Taminick, 1909-1930)

===''GOODE''===

* [[/Arthur Russell Goode|Goode, Arthur Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHW-MYY] - 1889(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XLK Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD (telegraphist, Central Office, Melbourne, 1903-1921); Listener-In (journalist; editor); author several books - Relationships: grandfather of 3BDL Michael Goode - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Brunswick, Vic, 1912; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1915-1927); journalist (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937; Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1967)

* [[/Michael Goode|Goode, Michael]] - Licences: 3ZYY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1969+); 3BDL Melbourne - Qualifications: Not for publication - amateur operator; historian (amateur radio, 5 metres, QSL cards) - Relationships: Grandson of XLK Arthur Russell Goode - Electoral Rolls: Not for publication

* [[/William Alban Donald Goode|Goode, William Alban Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82P-7VB] - 1902(NSW)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 713, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOODWIN''===

* [[/Ernest Frederick William Goodwin|Goodwin, Ernest Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDJP-XMY] - 1893(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XNE Melbourne (Essendon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: driller (Essendon, Vic, 1914-1917); iron dealer (Abbotsford, Vic, 1922-1954)

===''GORDON''===

* [[/Donald Robert Gordon|Gordon, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-T6W] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2428, 1940, Vic; BOCP 690, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Melbourne West, Vic, 1934-1937; Melbourne, Vic, 1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''GORMAN''===

* [[/Clarence Arthur Gorman|Gorman, Clarence Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLZ-X8H] - 1895(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XCG Sydney (Oatley, 1913-1914); 2EC Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922); 2EC Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923-1925); 2CG Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1929); designated operator 2UI Illawarra Radio Club (Kogarah, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 222, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: NSW winner 1923 Trans-Pacific Tests - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Rockdale, 1930-1931; Kogarah, 1932-1943; Hargrave Park, 1949; Villawood, 1954-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCG-2EC-2CG - Clarence Arthur Gorman&quot;

===''GOSNELL''===

* [[/Ronald Mervyn Gosnell|Gosnell, Ronald Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6J1-RJR] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2PG Sydney (Haberfield, 1933-1937; North Bondi, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1114, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engraver (Haberfield, NSW, 1933-1937; Bondi, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''GOSTELOW''===

* [[/Alfred Victor Gostelow|Gostelow, Alfred Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVQ-PCX] - 1897(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Uralla, 1930-1936; Scone, 1937-1949; Terrigal, 1954-1968); retired (Terrigal, 1972)

===''GOTTING''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Benjamin Gotting|Gotting, Herbert Edward Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLY-HLD] - 1889(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N760 Receive Braemar (1922); 2ID Receive Braemar (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Braemar, 1930); electrician (Mittagong, 1936-1937); engineer (Mittagong, 1949-1963)

===''GOUGH''===

* [[/Leslie Albert Gough|Gough, Leslie Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-W3K] - 1919(Wales)-1982(Italy) - Licences: 3ZH Melbourne (Templestowe, 1947-1948; Warrandyte, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2156, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Templestowe, Vic, 1949); sales (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Neil Anthony James Gough|Gough, Neil Anthony James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G318-9NB] - 1908(NZ)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2NG Sydney (North Manly, 1932-1939; Queenscliffe, 1946; Gladesville, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 916, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1958); newspaper representative (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963; Elanora, NSW, 1968); representative (Elanora, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GOVAN''===

* [[/Walter Neville Govan|Govan, Walter Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XF-YDT] - 1905(Vic)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5WG Port Pirie (1934-1939); 5WG Crystal Brook (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1273, 1934, SA; BOCP 40, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lead burner (Port Pirie, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1943)

===''GOVER''===

* [[/Selwyn Harry James Gover|Gover, Selwyn Harry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-D2L] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Nundah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 789, 1923; 2COCP 43, 1929; 1COCP 249, 1939 - amateur receiver; ship wireless officer - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Annerley, Qld, 1925); marine radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''GOW''===

* [[/Gelston Stewart Gow|Gow, Gelston Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HP-61D] - 1895(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XBW Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2GG Sydney (City, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 411, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1943); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''GOWERS''===

* [[/Frederick William Deasey Gowers|Gowers, Frederick William Deasey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMM-J5C] - 1892(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XJI Seymour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 154, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (junior wireless officer Warialda); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1916); postal assistant (Alexandra, Vic, 1919-1921; Yarrawonga, Vic, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Sandringham, Vic, 1926-1937); postmaster (Mt Macedon, Vic, 1942-1949; Hampton, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GOWLETT''===

* [[/Frank Nelson James Gowlett|Gowlett, Frank Nelson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G619-PYV] - 1891(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 163, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Townsville, 1925); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1930-1931); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1934-1937; Cooktown, 1943-1949; Maroubra, 1949); radio officer (Maroubra, 1958-1963)

===''GOYDER''===

* [[/Cecil William Goyder|Goyder, Cecil William]] - about 1906(Eng)-1980(NJ, USA) - G2SZ England, amateur operator [http://www.clement-jones.com/ps03/ps03_313.html]

===''GOYEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael James Goyen|Goyen, Francis Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRT-VTQ] - 1905(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2UX Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939; Newtown, 1946; Waverley, 1947-1955; Randwick, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 731, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Epping, NSW, 1933-1937); soldier (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); secretary (Waverley, NSW, 1954); accountant (Bieler Park, NSW, 1958)

===''GRAF''===

* [[/Raymond George Graf|Graf, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYM3-JPC] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1934-1939; Newport, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1241, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1942); clerk (Newport, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Wye River, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''GRAHAM''===

* [[/Donald Ernest Graham|Graham, Donald Ernest &quot;Don&quot;]] - 1933(WA)-2012(WA) - 6HK Perth (Mount Hawthorn, 1954-1956; Wembley Downs, 1960-1980+) - amateur operator (AOCP 3162, 1951, No. ?? in WA) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC), DoC / DoTaC (WA State Broadcasting Engineer) - a good life, well lived [https://stephbg.livejournal.com/669733.html]

* [[/James Alexander Graham|Graham, James Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G979-6RF] - 1905(Sct)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4JQ Brisbane (Ekibin, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2058, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 510, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ekibin, Qld, 1937-1954)

* [[/Keith William Graham|Graham, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM5-B17] - 1920(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Croydon, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2115, 1938, NSW; BOCP 2194, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Blackhalls, NSW, 1943); university student (Ashfield, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968; Canterbury, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Denton Graham|Graham, William Denton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGS-KB5] - 1895(Tas)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RR Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2WG Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 227, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); process worker (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); iron worker (Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1968); machinist (Rockdale, NSW, 1977); retired (Liverpool, NSW, 1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2RR-2WG - William Denton Graham&quot;

* [[/William Thompson Graham|Graham, William Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR1-SL3] - 1902(Sct)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 7BV Receive St Mary's (1923); Receive St Mary's (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (St Mary's, 1925-1954);

===''GRANT''===

* [[/Allan Clyde Grant|Grant, Allan Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBK3-CGX] - 1914(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2141, 1938, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); airman (Preston, Vic, 1954; Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1972); technical officer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Grant|Grant, Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-TT9] - 1890(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Macksville (1923); 2KW Macksville (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 320, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Marr's Creek, NSW, 1913-1963); retired (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/Colin John Rawle Grant|Grant, Colin John Rawle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-BXF] - 1902(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4JG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 310, 1926, No. 32 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; accountant - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloowin, 1925-1934); security officer (Eagle Junction, 1936); auditor (West Nundah, 1937); retired (Southport, 1968-1980)

* [[/James Grant|Grant, James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DP Newcastle (Stockton, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 555, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stockton, NSW, 1930)

* [[/William Patrick Grant|Grant, William Patrick &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-YJC] - 1917(Ireland)-19??(Ireland) - Licences: 4WU Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1801, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 269, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; air controller (Shannon Airport) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRANTHAM''===

* [[/Sidney Richard Grantham|Grantham, Sidney Richard &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ6-B8S] - 1920(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4SG Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1946-1956); 4SG Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1960; Hendra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2083, 1938, Qld; 1COCP 927, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, IREE, RFDS council); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); federal public servant (DCA, Aeradio; PMGD/DoC, radio inspector); broadcast technician (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Yerongpilly, Qld, 1943); broadcast engineer (Harristown, Qld, 1949); engineer (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); radio inspector (Hendra, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GRANVILLE''===

* [[/Florence Violet Granville|Granville (nee) / Wallace / McKenzie, Florence Violet &quot;Violet&quot;, &quot;Mrs Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-ZWS] - 1890(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2GA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922-1924); Valve Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1923); 2GA Sydney (CBD, 1924; Greenwich, 1925-1939); 2FV Sydney (Sydney, 1946-1950; Circular Quay, 1954; Greenwich, 1955-1958); 2GA Sydney (Greenwich, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 109, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AIR3 847, 1946; COCP3 559, 1947 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; business proprietor; signals instructor - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1963; Greenwich, NSW, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2GA-2FV - Florence Violet Granville&quot; - Links: [[w:Florence_Violet_McKenzie|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mckenzie-florence-violet-15485 ADB]; [https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/mckenzie_violet Dictionary of Sydney]; [https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/hindsight/signals-currents-and-wires-the-untold-story-of/3287402 ABC]

===''GRAY''===

* [[/A. J. Gray|Gray, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. H. Gray|Gray, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9BA Bulolo, New Guinea (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Albert Howell Gray|Gray, Albert Howell &quot;Dave&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXM-J83] - 1907(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2IJ Receive Sydney (Killara, 1922); 2IJ Sydney (Killara, 1923-1939, 1946-1969; Whale Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 90, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Killara, 1930-1936); engineer (Killara, 1937-1968; Whale Beach, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2IJ-2AG-2APV - Albert Howell Gray&quot; Fix

* [[/Andrew Harold Gray|Gray, Andrew Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT1M-XMN] - 1903(Qld)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AG Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1938; Lane Cove, 1939); 2APV Sydney (McMahons Point, 1954; Strathfield, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1137, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 113, 1930; COCP1 54, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Oxley, Qld, 1925-1926); wireless operator (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1933; McMahons Point, NSW, 1936-1937); radio instructor (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Umina, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Frank Malcolm Gray|Gray, Frank Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBV-5XS] - 1910(SA)-2011(Qld)100yo - Licences: 5MU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1932-1933); 5SU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1937-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1017, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 5MU possibly withdrawn for 5MU Murray Bridge - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Toorak Gardens, 1939)

* [[/George Gray|Gray, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8W-1CD] - 1906(???)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2XG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1934; Pymble, 1935-1936; Turramurra, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 796, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Turramurra, NSW, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Henry Boulderson Gray|Gray, George Henry Boulderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTTN-WVM] - 1912(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JP Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1796, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1943); sound engineer (Ascot, Qld, 1949-1980)

* [[/Henry Ramsay Gray|Gray, Henry Ramsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWN-TND] - 1896(Sct)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AFA Teralba (1936-1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1833, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miner (Teralba, NSW, 1930-1949); serviceman (Teralba, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Teralba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Thompson Gray|Gray, John Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ2-RMT] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3TJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1457, 1935, Vic; COCP1 203, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1937); postal employee (Brunswick, Vic, 1949); teacher (Springvale North, Vic, 1968); mathematician (Brunswick, Vic, 1972; Box Hill South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alexander Gray|Gray, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLH-44L] - 1900(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KM Sydney (Manly, 1932-1934); 2KX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939, 1946-1958; Fairlight, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1029, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2KM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KM Kempsey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Manly, NSW, 1930); agent (Manly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Manly, 1937-1943); turner machinist (Manly, 1949-1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); machinist (Balgowlah, NSW, 1972; Fairlight, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRAYDON''===

* [[/John Frederick Graydon|Graydon, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2S-R8H] - 1909(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIS Sydney (Lindfield, 1937-1939; Pymble, 1947; Killara, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2008, 1937, NSW; TVOCP 475, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1931; Artarmon, NSW, 1934; Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (RAAF, Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); broadcast technician (Killara, NSW, 1949-1968); broadcast (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GREAM''===

* [[/Robert Lewis Campbell Gream|Gream, Robert Lewis Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFL-Y1J] - 1902(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AFP Casino South (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AFP Casino (1948-1950); 2AFP Byron Bay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1853, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Armidale, NSW, 1930; Casino, NSW, 1930-1943); no occupation (Casino, NSW, 1949; Byron Bay, NSW, 1954); electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GREEN''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Green|Green, Albert Ernest]] - 1869(Vic)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State &amp; Federal politician; Postmaster-General (1931-1932) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Albert Green (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Barrie Harbron Green|Green, Barrie Harbron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GW-P76] - 1917(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2IX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Waverton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1424, 1935, NSW; BOCP 564, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herman Rowland Green|Green, Herman Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-LGY] - 1915(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5OJ Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1679, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Green|Green, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Yeronga, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Kendale Lawrence Green|Green, Kendale Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4S-NZD] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3KG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1939; North Balwyn, 1947-1956; Montmorency, 1960; Greensborough, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 881, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 467, 1942  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1935-1937); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); sales (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); teacher (Canterbury, Vic, 1954; Montmorency, Vic, 1963-1967; Greensborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Aylmer Green|Green, Ronald Aylmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GH-Z5S] - 1910(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Sydney (Rockdale, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1568, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: university student (Rockdale, NSW, 1932-1933); medical practitioner (University of Sydney, King, NSW, 1935; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Walter William Green|Green, Walter William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-R87] - 1911(WA)-2012(WA) - Licences: 6WG Albany (1936-1937); 6WG Wiluna (1937-1939); 6WG Albany (1947-1960); 6WG Derby (1965); 6WG Norseman (1969); 6WG Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1676, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936); fitter (Albany, WA, 1958-1963); plant inspector (Norseman, WA, 1968); mechanic (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''GREENHALGH''===

* [[/John Thomas Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3X-4R8] - 1907(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ADF Sydney (Penrith, 1939, 1946-1947; St Marys, 1948-1950; Penrith, 1954-1965); 2ADF Eugowra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 230, 1932; AOCP 2397, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KG Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: drover (Granville, NSW, 1930-1934); carpenter (Eugowra, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1937); carpenter (Rooty Hill, NSW, 1949; Penrith, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Eugowra, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, Kenneth Neal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-NGD] - 1909(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2KG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1929-1930; Rooty Hill, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Mayfield West, 1934-1939; New Lambton, 1946-1956; Adamstown Heights, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 550, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 73, 1932; 1COCP 839, 1944; TVOCP 18, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Relationships: Brother of 2ADF John Thomas Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Hamilton, 1930); broadcasting engineer (2KO Sandgate, 1933); engineer (Mayfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (New Lambton, 1943-1954; Adamstown, 1958-1968; Adamstown Heights, 1977-1980)

===''GREENHAM''===

* [[/Arnold John Greenham|Greenham, Arnold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH9-QQS] - 1907(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4EE Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933); 4AG Gympie (1934); 4AG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1946-1948); 4AG Caloundra (1954-1956); 4AG Brisbane (Kallangur, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1040, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 807, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; bank employee (NAB) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Gympie, 1936; Innisfail, 1937; South Brisbane, 1943-1949); not stated (Caloundra, 1954-1958); retired (Kallangur, 1963-1972)

* [[/Desmond Albert Greenham|Greenham, Desmond Albert &quot;Des&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-Q4N] - 1922(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CO Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947-1948); 3CO Seymour (1954-1980+); 3ACO Portable Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1948); 3ACO Portable Seymour (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2416, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3VPG Margaret Sheila Greenham nee Burrows - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Sheila Greenham|Greenham, Margaret Sheila &quot;Peggy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7B3-H7V] - 1924(Eng)-2014(Qld)90yo - Licences: 3VPG Seymour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP V01083, 1980 - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Wife of 3CO-3ACO Desmond Albert Greenham - Electoral Rolls: telephoniste (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); home duties (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GREENHILL''===

* [[/George Alexander Greenhill|Greenhill, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3K-GWN] - 1904(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LE Brisbane (West End, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1348, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925); ceiling fixer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928); cleaner (West End, Qld, 1937; Archerfield, Qld, 1943); steward (Wilston, Qld, 1949); metal finisher (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); barman (Kirra, Qld, 1958); caretaker (Caloundra, Qld, 1963); cleaner (Woorim, Qld, 1968)

===''GREGORY''===

* [[/A. Gregory|Gregory, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAED Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, possibly Alyn Keith Gregory, bank officer, Bellevue Hill, 1930-1939

* [[/Augustus Francis Woodward Gregory|Gregory, Augustus Francis Woodward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LQ53-GB3] - 1898(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2254, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Pettys Hotel, Darling Harbour, NSW, 1930); aviator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1932; Nithsdale, NSW, 1933); F. C. O. (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1943); grazier (Tuross via Cooma, NSW, 1949-1968; Nimmitabel, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Clyde Francis Burnell Gregory|Gregory, Clyde Francis Burnell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-5MV] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Receive Emu Park (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1937); fisherman (Yeppoon, Qld, 1943-1949); taxi driver (Maryborough, Qld, 1958); taxi proprietor (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Harold Rigby Gregory|Gregory, Harold Rigby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2C9-CDX] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Receive Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1922); 2ED Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1930); inspector (Roseville, 1931-1936); insurance inspector (Roseville, 1937); manager (Newcastle, 1943-1954); insurance manager (Merewether, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert William Gregory|Gregory, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FW-QFJ] - 1907(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5GU Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1438, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kadina, SA, 1939); police officer (Lobethal, SA, 1941-1943)

===''GRENNAN''===

* [[/George Patrick Grennan|Grennan, George Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K5-774] - 1906(???)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2AHD Sydney (Paddington, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1250, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930-1935); accountant (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1943-1954); clerk (Centennial Park, NSW, 1958; Kensington, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''GREY''===

* See also GRAY

* [[/Albert Edward Grey|Grey, Albert Edward &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDK5-374] - 1897(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6BO Perth (Nedlands, 1925-1932); 6BO Carnarvon (1933); 6AA Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; RTCP 532, 1920, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP 35, 1934; TVOCP 278 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD); PMGD (postal assistant, Leederville,1919); WW1; RAAF (WW2, radar systems) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1925; Nedlands, 1925-1931); radio inspector (Nedlands, 1936-1972); retired (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

* [[/Elton Edward Grey|Grey, Elton Edward or Edward Elton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWPL-PQ5] - 1920(Qld)-1962(WA) - Licences: 4LX Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939); 6ZX Perth (West Perth, 1948); 6ZX Northam (1954-1955); 6ZX Perth (Leederville, 1956; Floreat Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1689, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943); bank clerk (West Perth, WA, 1949); bank officer (Wagin, WA, 1949; Northam, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958)

* [[/James Leonard Grey|Grey, James Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZV-ZY5] - 1915(Sct)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4LN Brisbane (Norman Park, 1937-1938); 2AKO Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939; Pymble, 1946-1961; St Ives, 1965-1969; Neutral Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 184, 1934; 2COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF); pilot (RQAC, QANTAS) - Electoral Rolls: aviator (Norman Park, Qld, 1936-1937); airline captain (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRIBBLE''===

* [[/Arthur James Gribble|Gribble, Arthur James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Comment: only one reference found, likely misspelling; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRIEVE''===

* [[/Ian Grieve|Grieve, Ian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcast); proprietor of Australian Old Time Radio website - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.australianotr.com.au/ OTR]

===''GRIFFIN''===

* [[/Ian Leslie Griffin|Griffin, Ian Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWJ-C4W] - 1921(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IJ Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947); 5IJ Adelaide (Magill, 1948); 7VS Cornwall (1955); 3VS Melbourne (Bayswater, 1956; Auburn, 1960; Box Hill, 1965; Reservoir, 1969; Burnley, 1975); 5VO Adelaide (Linden Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2173, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Coburg, Vic, 1954); salvation army officer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1958; The Basin, Vic, 1963); no occupation (Reservoir, Vic, 1967-1968); minister (Burnley, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas Neville Griffin|Griffin, Thomas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C4-RJ2] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2LQ Sydney (Hornsby, 1929-1936); 2AIR Sydney (Northbridge, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 505, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hornsby, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Artarmon, 1936; Willoughby, 1937; Hornsby, 1943-1949)

===''GRIFFEN-FOLEY''===

* [[/Bridget Griffen-Foley|Griffen-Foley, Bridget]] - historian (broadcasting) - Professor, Department of Media, Communications, Creative Arts, Language and Literature, Macquarie University - author &quot;Changing Stations: The Story of Australian Commercial Radio&quot; &amp; numerous professional articles

===''GRIFFITHS''===

* [[/Harry Thomas William Griffiths|Griffiths, Harry Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C3-C8Y] - 1910(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2FO Sydney (Five Dock, 1933-1938; North Strathfield, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1107, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: knitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1937); assistant (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949); supervisor (Concord, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leslie Arthur Griffiths|Griffiths, Leslie Arthur &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZK-81V] - 1909(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LZ Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1947-1956) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, signaller); cine assistant (Empire Theatre) - Halcyon: AOCP Toowoomba 1938 - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1931-1937); biograph projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); projectionist (Toowoomba West, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''GRIGG''===

* [[/Haydn Errol Grigg|Grigg, Haydn Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BV-N98] - 1899(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922); 2AS Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, 1935; Edgecliff, 1935-1949; Double Bay, 1954-1968)

===''GRIME''===

* [[/Stanley McKenzie Grime|Grime, Stanley McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXR-C9W] - 1888(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - assistant manager AWA - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169393111 Bio]

===''GRIMES''===

* [[/Benjamin Douglas Grimes|Grimes, Benjamin Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8B-D6J] - 1901(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Annerley, 1923-1924); 4BD Brisbane (Annerley, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 278, 1926, No. 23 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Tarragindi, 1925-1937); share dealer (New Farm, 1943); farmer (Cleveland, 1949-1958); retired (Corinda, 1968-1980)

===''GRIMMETT''===

* [[/Stanley Urbane Grimmett|Grimmett, Stanley Urbane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L447-3MW] - 1905(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Newcastle (Hamilton, 1930-1937); 2ZW Sydney (Bankstown, 1938-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1960; Vaucluse, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 667, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Hamilton, 1930-1937; Strathfield, 1949-1958); Vaucluse, 1963)

===''GRIMSLEY''===

* [[/Stephen William Grimsley|Grimsley, Stephen William &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHR-RBG] -  - Licences: 3ASG Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947-1948); 2VK Tweed Heads (1954-1961); 4VK Beechmont (1960-1969); 1VK Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1965-1969; Holt, 1980+)) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 407, 1941; 1AOCP 4, 1946, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); police constable (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Tweed Heads, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Observatory, Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1968); electrical engineer (Mawson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Holt, ACT, 1980)

===''GRIMWOOD''===

* [[/Percy Lucien Grimwood|Grimwood, Percy Lucien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2B2-BKH] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XIX Holbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Germanton/Holbrook, NSW, 1913); retired (Bundanoon, NSW, 1930-1943); farmer (Exeter, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''GRIVELL''===

* [[/John Grivell|Grivell, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC43-NGM] - 1901(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5BK Yorketown (1930-1933); 5BK Gladstone (1937); 5BK Crystal Brook (1938-1939); 5BK Gawler (1946-1947); 5BK Magill (1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 609, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, 1939-1941); telephone mechanic (Gawler, 1943)

===''GROGAN''===

* [[/Arnold William Grogan|Grogan, Arnold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-87B] - 1915(WA)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6EI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1936-1939; City, 1947); 6EI Carnarvon (1948); 6EI Perth (Leederville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1759, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); public servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1949); civil servant (Leederville, WA, 1954-1980)

===''GRONOW''===

* [[/William Rees Gronow|Gronow, William Rees]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVM-KFV] - 1908(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Receive Melbourne (City, 1922-1924); 3WG Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1925-1933; Malvern East, 1937; Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1948-1960; Brighton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 178, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1954); managing director (Brighton, Vic, 1963); director (Brighton, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''GROOM''===

* [[/Harry Pendleton Groom|Groom, Harry Pendleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-6LZ] - 1916(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1207, 1933, Tas; AOLCP 146, 1934; COCP2 10, 1934; COCP1 32, 1934 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); office assistant (Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GROSCH''===

* [[/Horace Grosch|Grosch, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D6-R29] - 1902(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1405, 1934, NSW; COCP3 229, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lineman (Tumut, NSW, 1930); electrician (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Grafton, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Corowa, NSW, 1949-1972)

===''GROVE''===

* [[/Henry Grove|Grove, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-97B] - 1897(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: N746 Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922); 2HZ Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 575, 1920 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Castle Hill, 1930); poultry farmer (Peakhurst, 1933-1949); retired (Burwood, 1963-1972)

===''GROVES''===

* [[/George William Groves|Groves, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY33-7RJ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1934-1937; Armadale, 1938-1939); 7XL Devonport (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1324, 1934, Vic; COCP2 811, 1944; COCP1 830, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Devonport, Tas, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Devonport, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''GROWDEN''===

* [[/George Norman Wills Growden|Growden, George Norman Wills &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9C6-15M] - 1913(Vic)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5YM Gladstone (1937-1939); 5YM Wedge Island via Port Lincoln (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1945, 1937, SA; BOCP 145, 1938; 2COCP 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943); wireless operator (RAAF Station, Pearce, WA, 1943)

===''GRUBB''===

* [[/Jack Bathurst Grubb|Grubb, Jack Bathurst]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVL-3QR] - 1919(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IZ Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1948); 4IZ Brisbane (Woody Point, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2283, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Red Hill South, Vic, 1949; Main Ridge, Vic, 1954); manager (Roches Hotel, Grafton, NSW, 1963); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Grubb|Grubb, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WK-K6N] - 1907(Qld)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 4DI Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1931); concrete labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1963); retired (Finch Hatton, 1968)

===''GRUMMITT''===

* [[/Gilbert Frederick Grummitt|Grummitt, Gilbert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-FFD] - 1906(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4BS Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1929-1933; Hamilton, 1937-1939; Bulimba, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 531, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Fortitude Valley, 1928-1934; Hamilton, 1936-1937); boilermaker (Bulimba, 1949-1958)

===''GRUNDY''===

* [[/Robert Hill Grundy|Grundy, Robert Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP7-F78] - 1915(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5BG Murray Bridge (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 5BG Crystal Brook (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2010, 1937, SA; BOCP 175, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GUE''===

* [[/John Gue|Gue, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DG-1CD] - 1918(NSW)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2GG Sydney (Waverley, 1934-1935; Charing Cross, 1936; Lindfield, 1937); 4DD Cloncurry (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1401, 1934, NSW; COCP2 516, 1941; COCP1 591, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1949; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949; Acacia Ridge, Qld, 1954-1958); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963; Bardon, Qld, 1963); operations officer (Bardon, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''GUEST''===

* [[/Edgar Leopold Gordon Guest|Guest, Edgar Leopold Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZD-7DL] - 1904(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Toorak, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1931); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); director (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''GUILDFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Guildford|Guildford, Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-5BG] - 19??(Eng)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4AP Brisbane (Herston, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Sandgate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1342, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, publicity officer) - Electoral Rolls: advertisement writer (West End, Qld, 1934); copy writer (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1949)

===''GUNDERSON''===

* [[/Thor Odin Gundersen|Gundersen (BDM) or Gunderson (Census), Thor Odin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHL8-F2W] - 1895(NZ)-1986(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 242, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Bondi, 1930-1931); radio officer (ss Fiona, 1943)

===''GUNN''===

* [[/Kenneth Campbell Gunn|Gunn, Kenneth Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-X18] - 1911(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LG Laidley (1932-1937); 4LD Laidley (1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 884, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Callsigns: 4LG likely withdrawn for 4LG Longreach - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Laidley, Qld, 1937-1972)

===''GUNTER''===

* [[/Norman Eliot Gunter|Gunter, Norman Eliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WR-5VB] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 3NG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 593, 1930, Vic; 2COCP 372, 1932; 1COCP 51, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (merchant navy, wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Caulfield, 1935; Hawthorn, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1428541 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GURNER''===

* [[/Reginald Carlisle Gurner|Gurner, Reginald Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8S8] - 1905(SA)-1975(SA) - 5CZ Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); 5RG Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923-1928; Linden Park Gardens, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 31, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Linden Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GURR''===

* [[/Alan Frederick Gurr|Gurr, Alan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-KJV] - 1904(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Geelong East (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geelong, 1926-1928; Belmont, 1931-1972)

* [[/George Henry Gurr|Gurr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L46K-DBB] - 1896(SA)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 5GO Adelaide (Parafield, 1933); 3QH Melbourne (Stanmore, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1142, 1933, SA; 3COCP 185, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Parkville, Vic, 1926); ground engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1928); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''GUTTERIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Frank Gutteridge|Gutteridge, Reginald Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNYP-KSN] - 1886(Tas)-1942(WA) - Licences: V759 Receive (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm manager (Marnoo, Vic, 1921); electrical engineer (Rupanyup, 1924-1927)

=='''H'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''HACKNEY''===

* [[/Allan John Hackney|Hackney, Allan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBGR-T3F] - 1912(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2LB Young (1932-1934); 2LB Cootamundra (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 917, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 153, 1934; COCP3 228, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Corrimal, NSW, 1949); engineering assistant (Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1963); grazier (Dungowan, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''HADLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Lionel Trimble Hadley|Hadley, Arthur Lionel Trimble &quot;Doc&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7ZX-G9Y] - 1900(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4AH Brisbane (Clifton Hill, 1930-1933; Dutton Park, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 636, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1, federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Taringa, 1921); salesman (Toowong, 1922-1925); motor assembler (Yeronga, 1929); radio mechanic (South Brisbane, 1937); technician (Annerley, 1949-1958); retired (Inala, 1958; Seven Hills, 1963)

* [[/C. Hadley|Hadley, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Mayfield, 1934); 2MT Wollongong (1946) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HADLOW''===

* [[/Martin Lindsay Hadlow|Hadlow, Martin Lindsay]] - 19??(???)-Living  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - radio clubs (NZDXRL, ARDXC, DXA); early wireless and broadcasting historian (Ph.D. Thesis) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ_411422/s40842756_phd_thesis.pdf?Wireless and Empire Ambition]

===''HAGARTY''===

* [[/Neville Douglas Hagarty|Hagarty, Neville Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G38J-GBJ] - 1907(Qld)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster (on 4WH); radio club participant; business proprietor; pilot; federal public servant (DCA) - Relationships: brother of 4WH William Edward Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: woodworker (Hospital Hill, 1930)

* [[/William Edward Hagarty|Hagarty, William Edward &quot;Edward / Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G384-TL3] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4WH Longreach (1925-1939); 4WH Townsville (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 172, 1925, No. 16 in Qld; 2COCP 271, 1939; 1COCP 309, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; engineer; postal employee (PMG); federal public servant (PMG) - Relationships: brother of Neville Douglas Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Longreach, 1930-1937); aeradio operator (Longreach, 1943); officer commanding aeradio station (Townsville, 1949-1954); communications officer (Townsville, 1958-1963; Mysterton, 1968)

===''HAI''===

* [[/Pham Nhu Hai|Hai, Pham Nhu &quot;Hai&quot;]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Director Broadcasting ITU-R - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

===''HAIGH''===

* [[/Bartin Robert Alfred Read Haigh|Haigh, Bartin Robert Alfred Read]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-J8B] - 1854(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: N752 Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2IA Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1930); poultry farmer (Seven Hills, 1933)

===''HAILSTONE''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Hailstone|Hailstone, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RX-HNS] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2HI Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1936); 2FQ Sydney (Seaforth, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1050, 1932, NSW; COCP2 28, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Mosman, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963; Seaforth, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''HAINES''===

* [[/Claude Lewis Harrison Haines|Haines, Claude Lewis Harrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-8F6] - 1906(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5CH Millicent (1933-1937); 3QM Geelong (Belmont, 1938-1939); 5CH Mt Gambier (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1118, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Belmont, Vic, 1937); engine driver (Mt Gambier, SA, 1941-1943)

===''HAINING''===

* [[/Robert James Haining|Haining, Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBG-N6D] - 1911(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AMQ Sydney (Manly, 1939; Annandale, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947; Auburn, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2319, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1935-1937); soldier (Manly, NSW, 1943); storeman &amp; packer (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1963); storeman (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAINSWORTH''===

* [[/Percy Taylor Hainsworth|Hainsworth, Percy Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-6DR] - 1902(???)-1965(SA) - Licences: 2PK Sydney (Haberfield, 1935-1936; Penrith, 1937-1938); 2AGK Sydney (Penrith, 1938-1939, Hurstville, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1935); electrical fitter (Croydon, NSW, 1936); electrical engineer (Penrith, NSW, 1937)

===''HALE''===

* [[/Carl William Millar Hale|Hale, Carl William Millar &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VR-TPL] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3GH Anglesea (1924-1931+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 120, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, 1924); architect (Hawthorn, 1958-1968; Malvern, 1977-1980)

* [[/Douglas Edgar Hale|Hale, Douglas Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKV4-QR2] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DE Buninyong (1936-1939); 3DE Traralgon (1947-1948); 3DE Morwell (1954-1956); 3DE Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1703, 1936, Vic; BOCP 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Buninyong, Vic, 1937); engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942; Traralgon, Vic, 1949; Morwell, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); consulting engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HALL''===

* [[/Charles Hall|Hall, Charles]] - 1910(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RR Melbourne (Thornbury, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1648, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous CHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey Aitken Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Aitken]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCGR-XKY] - 1901(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely utilised 5KN Point Cook licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 327, 1927, Vic; AIR2 2, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Malvern, Vic, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1967); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Geoffrey Lovett Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDB-ZD3] - 1895(Tas)-1972(Tas) - Licences: Receive Waddamanna (1923-1924); 7GH Waddamanna (1925-1931+); 7GH Hobart (1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 137, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 85, 1937 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); engineer (New Town, 1936-1949)

* [[/Graham George Hall|Hall, Graham George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HN-Z89] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Eng) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931; Hawthorn, 1933); 2AGH Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Strathfield, 1938-1939; Hurstville, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 482, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Abbotsford, 1937); engineer (Hurstville, 1949-1954; South Hurstville, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Allen Hall|Hall, Reginald Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 539, 1929, ??? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Hall|Hall, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3FH Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3FH Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Edward Hall|Hall, Victor Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DJ-ZMK] - 1915(NZ)-2019(Qld)103yo - Licences: 2AKL Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 139, 1938; AIR1 1, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: retired (Brackenridge, Qld, 1980)

* [[/William Hall|Hall, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB1-SF7] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIW Coonamble (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2068, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHs; Individual not fully identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Charles Hall|Hall, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG26-DY6] - 1912(NSW)-2018(NSW) - Licences: 2BH Abermain (1930-1933); 2XT Abermain (1934-1937); 2XT Kurri Kurri (1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2XT Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1950-1965; Toronto, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 643, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Abermain, 1935; Kurri Kurri, 1937-1943); hotel licensee (Newcastle, 1949-1963); retired (Toronto, 1972; Carey Bay, 1977-1980) - Withdrawal: 2BH amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2BH Broken Hill commercial service - Comment: Beware several contemporaneous WCH in Newcastle region

===''HALLAM''===

* [[/William Philpot Hallam|Hallam, William Philpot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MX-Y3J] - 1859(Tas)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XZH Hobart (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD Vic + Federal - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''HALLEY''===

* [[/Thomas William Alfred Halley|Halley, Thomas William Alfred &quot;Alfred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT56-1VP] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3BX Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1932-1939, 1947-1948); 4TI Gold Coast (Chevron Island, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 888, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); builder (Mentone, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); cattle breeder (South Kyneton, Vic, 1963-1967); builder (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Chevron Island, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''HALLIDAY''===

* [[/Eric Fred Halliday|Halliday, Eric Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC26-L5B] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5FW Adelaide (Hectorville, 1935-1939; South Payneham, 1947-1969; Magill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1494, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Crystal Brook, 1939)

===''HALLORAN''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Halloran|Halloran, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-PL7] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2XR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1929); 2XR Sydney (Mosman, 1930-1934; Chatswood, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Cronulla, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935); laboratory assistant (Chatswood, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1943; Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HALYDAY''===

* [[/James Guyler Halyday|Halyday, James Guyler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-PVH] - 1904(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 4HZ Gympie (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2287, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; Gympie ARC); military (WW2); employment (SEAQ linesman) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1943); lineman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HAM''===

* [[/George Wilton Ham|Ham, George Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-P28] - 1905(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1923); 4GW Brisbane (Northgate, 1930-1931; Coorparoo, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 572, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (Toombul RC); employment (Chandlers) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1937; St Lucia, 1943-1968); retired (Jamboree Heights, 1972-1980)

* [[/Guildford Ham|Ham, Guildford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67H-W9Y] - 1906(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 101, 1937 - radio technician - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (South Brisbane, 1928-1937); radio technician (South Brisbane, 1943; Bald Hills, 1943; Annerley, 1954); technician (Wavell Heights, 1958-1963)

* [[/Thomas Edward Ham|Ham, Thomas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88F-R3P] - 1921(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WX Brisbane (Chelmer, 1937-1939); 2AGA Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1947; Carlton, 1948-1950; Sylvannia Heights, 1954-1975); 4AGT Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2056, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sylvannia, 1954-1968); mechanic (Sylvannia, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Buderim, 1980)

===''HAMILTON''===

* [[/G. C. Hamilton|Hamilton, G. C. or C. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGH Sydney (Woollahra, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John William Ormsby Hamilton|Hamilton, John William Ormsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MG65-XRC] - 1869(Tas)-1944(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Australian representative of Pacific Radio Telegraph Co and Marconi Telegraph Co, promoted a scheme to link Aus/NZ/Pacific Islands (rejected by Aus Gov 1909), migrated to England to work for Marconi, donated Ormsby Hamilton Radio Prize in memory of his father Thomas Ormsby Hamilton - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

* [[/Joy Ruth Hamilton|Hamilton, Joy Ruth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB7J-Z3J] - 1924(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HJ Sydney (Croydon, NSW, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 199, 1947, NSW - amateur operator YL; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1963); trustee officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Lionel William Hanover Hamilton|Hamilton, Lionel William Hanover]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-LJG] - 1903(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1177, 1933, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Commonwealth Bank, Innisfail, Qld, 1925; Merthyr, Qld, 1928; Nambour, Qld, 1930-1934); bank officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1958)

===''HAMMER''===

* [[/William Charles Hammer|Hammer, William Charles &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPX-N2W] - 1915(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939, 1946-1975; Waverton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1571, 1935, NSW; AOLCP 267, 1935; COCP2 74, 1936; COCP1 893, 1945  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1949); public servant (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1963); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAMMOND''===

* [[/John Harold Hammond|Hammond, John Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HP-67H] - 1875(NSW)-1932(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: barrister-at-law (Ashfield, 1913); barrister (Killara, 1930-1932)

* [[/Herbert Bowes Hammond|Hammond, Herbert Bowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-2PK] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2NI Sydney (Chatswood, 1925; Epping, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928; Naremburn, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 64, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 895, 1925 12; 2COCP 318, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Naremburn, NSW, 1930); musician (Terrigal, NSW, 1932-1949); process worker (Meadow Bank, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Horace Arthur Hammond|Hammond, Horace Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-5ZP] - 1898(Eng)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6CH Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1922-1925; Swanbourne, WA, 1929-1931)

===''HANCOCK''===

* [[/G. A. Hancock|Hancock, C. A. or G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V748 Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922); 3GU Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/D'Arcy Maxwell Hancock|Hancock, D'Arcy Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCG4-L3Y] - 1910(SA)-2017(SA)107yo - Licences: 5RJ Kadina (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 5RJ Adelaide (Mitchell Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 356, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kadina, 1947)

* [[/Garnet Robert Lovedale Hancock|Hancock, Garnet Robert Lovedale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT22-2P2] - 1909(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Northcote, 1932, 1948-1969; Clifton Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1063, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Newmarket, Vic, 1931-1937); telegraphist (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Collingwood, Vic, 1949-1968; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAND''===

* [[/Frederick William Hand|Hand, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L89Y-XMP] - 1921(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3YH Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947); 7YH Georgetown (1954); 7YH Cascade (1955); 7YH Seven Mile Beach (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2289, 1939, Vic; BOCP 914, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); electrician (George Town, Tas, 1954); engineer (Seven Mile Beach, Tas, 1963); technician (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HANDEL''===

* [[/Keith Frederick Handel|Handel, Keith Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5TF-KYH] - 1913(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2IA Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939, 1946; Roseville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1413, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1943; Earlwood, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''HANDS''===

* [[/Douglas Anstruther Hands|Hands, Douglas Anstruther]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G361-FBG] - 1916(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ZV Sydney (Annandale, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1264, 1934, NSW; COCP2 119, 1937; COCP1 987, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Hands|Hands, Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKX7-GFQ] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Camperdown, 1934-1935; Annandale, 1936; Manly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1344, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annandale, NSW, 1935-1936); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); co-ordinating officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HANHAM''===

* [[/Frank Stewart Hanham|Hanham, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN42-933] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3BJ Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 839, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1934-1942); electrical mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1949); technician (Strathmore, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HANNAFORD''===

* [[/Bruce Hannaford|Hannaford, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9Q-BXV] - 1918(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 2ALR Maitland West (1939); 2ALR Katoomba (1946-1947); 2ALR Maitland (1948); 2ALR Cessnock (1950); 5DT Adelaide (Finchley Park, 1954; Reynella, 1955); 5DT Port Augusta (1956); 2XI Broken Hill (1958-1960); 5XI Adelaide (CBD, 1965); 5XI Peterborough (1969); 5XI Adelaide (Athelstone, 1975; Elizabeth Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2262, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 87, 1946; BOCP 789, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (West Maitland, NSW, 1943); farmer (Wallace Creek, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1958)

===''HANNAM''===

* [[/Harold William Hannam|Hannam, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G83F-J78] - 1913(NSW)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 2IR Sydney (Hurstville South, 1935-1937); 2IR Orange (1938-1939); Sydney (South Hurstville, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1472, 1935, Qld; BOCP 9, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Orange, 1943; Hurstville, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, 1949-1954; Moorabbin, 1963)

* [[/Walter Henry Hannam|Hannam, Walter Henry &quot;Wally&quot; &quot;Wal&quot;, &quot;Doc&quot;, &quot;Fatty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273W-H9T] - 1885(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XQI Stamford, Qld (1911-1914); 2YH Sydney (Balmain, 1924; Mosman, 1924-1933; Willoughby, 1934-1939); 2AXH Terrigal (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 27, 1924, No. 10 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, first secretary 1910); wireless operator Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1912-1914) - Relationships: don't confuse with father William Henry Hannam of Hannams Ltd, engineers &amp; sheet metal workers - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Walter Henry Hannam|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/biography/hannam_walter.php Bio1]; [https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/history/people/walter-hannam/ Bio2]

===''HANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Silvester Thomas Hanscombe|Hanscombe, Silvester Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNQ-8VR] - 1908(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Waverley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1949); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); mail officer (Peakhurst, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''HANSEN''===

* [[/Harold William Hansen|Hansen, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-45T] - 1914(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4FH Brisbane (Forest Hill, 1935-1939); 4SV Brisbane (Bulimba, 1948-1965; Carina, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1508, 1935, Qld; BOCP 1039, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, 1937, radio technician); state public servant (BCC, communications officer) - Relationships: father of Graham Hansen 4FV - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Forest Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); WT Operator (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Maryborough, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Carina, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''HARDGRAVE''===

* [[/Philip Hardgrave|Hardgrave, Philip &quot;Pop&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPF-XL5] - 1857(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4PH Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1150, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: oldest person in British Empire to obtain a full licence - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Wellington Point, 1916-1928)

===''HARDIE''===

* [[/Bruce Netherton Kilgour Hardie|Hardie, Bruce Netherton Kilgour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ95-FMJ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3YX Melbourne (Garden Vale, 1925-1933; City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 49, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WIA Vic - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1934; City, 1935-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1963) - Links: [https://aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=126495 AIF]

===''HARDING''===

* [[/Charles Henry Victor Harding|Harding, Charles Henry Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-5DW] - 1898(Irl)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6DG Receive Albany (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albany, WA, 1922-1925; Pingelly, WA, 1931-1954; South Perth, WA, 1958); retired (Como, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lewis George Herbert Harding|Harding, Lewis George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVN6-7KQ] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Footscray, 1934-1939; Box Hill, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1281, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963)

===''HARDINGE''===

* [[/Biron Elliot Hardinge|Hardinge, Biron Elliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8FG-YWQ] - 1912(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3TA Melbourne (Ormond, 1931); 3TA Horsham (1933-1939, 1947-1960); 3TA Healesville (1965-1975); 3ATA Portable Horsham (1947-1960); 3ATA Mobile Healesville (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 734, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1954; Healesville, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HARDISTY''===

* [[/David Charles Hardisty|Hardisty, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-C4W] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DH Perth (Victoria Park, 1926-1939; West Perth, 1946-1948; Applecross, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 273, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Victoria Park, 1931-1943); radio mechanic (Applecross, 1954-1980)

===''HARDMAN''===

* [[/Cecil Alfred Hardman|Hardman, Cecil Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZML-FK6] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KR Gunnedah (1931-1937); 2KR Woy Woy (1938-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 779, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Gunnedah, NSW, 1934-1936; Woy Woy, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HARDY''===

* [[/Walter Robert Hardy|Hardy, Walter Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD3F-GM7] - 1900(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Glebe, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 187, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1932-1933; Glebe, NSW, 1935); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1968); journalist (Carlton, NSW, 1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977)

===''HARKIN''===

* [[/Dennis James Harkin|Harkin, Denis or Dennis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G45Q-9PH] - 1903(SA)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YN Receive Melbourne (Prahran, 1923); 3KF Melbourne (Kensington, 1924-1925); 3YN Melbourne (Preston, 1924-1926); 4YN Bowen (1927); 3YN Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1931); 3YY Newport (1938); 6YN Pearce (1938); 3ADJ Melbourne (Prahran, 1946-1948; Middle Park, 1954-1956; Thornbury, 1960-1975); 4ADJ Maryborough (1980) - Qualifications: CPRT 782, 1923; 1COCP 280, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club participant (WIAQ); career military (RAAF); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1926; Brunswick, Vic, 1931; Newport, 1937); RAAF (Clifton Hill, 1942); technician (Prahran, 1949; Albert Park, 1954); radio technician (Thornbury, 1963-1972); nil (Maryborough, 1977-1980)

===''HARKNESS''===

* [[/Keith Lynn Harkness|Harkness, Keith Lynn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKYJ-DNT] - 1906(NSW)-1998(Norfolk Island) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Double Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1320, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1936); warehouseman salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1943); traveller (Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARLEN''===

* [[/John Edward Harlen|Harlen, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8MP-TWB] - 1884(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Sunnybank, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1908); fruit grower (Sunnybank, Qld, 1912-1949)

===''HARLEY''===

* [[/Gordon Nicoll Harley|Harley, Gordon Nicoll]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-41H] - 1901(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: &quot;4AR Unlicensed&quot; Ipswich (1926-1928); 4GH Ipswich (1928-1933); 4GH Didcott (1937-1939); 4GH Maryborough (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 385, 1928, No. 43 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio manufacture); employment (school teacher); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brassall, 1925); school teacher (Didcot, 1936-1943); teacher (Maryborough, 1949); school teacher (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''HARMAN''===

* [[/Henry Charles Harman|Harman, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHT-KP6] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2XH Kurri Kurri (1931-1935); 2GH Sydney (Raymond Terrace, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 861, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1934-1937); RAAF (Raymond Terrace, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARMER''===

* [[/George Harmer|Harmer, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRTY-KHZ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4XW Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1956; Coorparoo, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1301, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIAQ); telephone technician (PMGD); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''HARRANTH''===

* [[/Wolf Harranth|Harranth, Wolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBY-MY8] - 1941(Austria)-2021(Austria) - Licences: OE1WHC Austria - curator of Dokufunk, host of the world's largest collection of amateur radio and broadcast QSLs; amateur radio operator; broadcast announcer; historian (amateur radio, broadcasting); children's book author; translator - provided the core of the WIA QSL collection - Links: [[w:Wolf_Harranth|Wikipedia]]; [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/OE1WHC/ Ham Gallery]; [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/personalities/index.php?CID=12863&amp;ID=37418#A37418 Dokufunk Tributes]

===''HARRIS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Harris|Harris, Alfred Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY1-F4K] - 1900(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3CH Birchip (1926-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 303, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; class B licence?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous ACHs - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ouyen, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Birchip, Vic, 1925-1954; Power Station, Ouyen, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Harris|Harris, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G59V-NG6] - 1880(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XGR Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: tailor's cutter (North Sydney, NSW, 1913); tailor (Dee Why, NSW, 1930-1933); cutter (Manly, NSW, 1934-1935; Balgowlah, NSW, 1936-1943); tailor (Seaforth, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ross Clifford Harris|Harris, Ross Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y2-DZF] - 1917(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5FL Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1939; Malvern, 1947-1948; Hawthorn, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1651, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Valentine Harms Harris|Harris, Valentine Harms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PM-FDM] - 1909(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6NL Perth (Shenton Park, 1935-1939; Applecross,  1947-1969); 6NL Denmark (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1579, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 6YL Ruth Victoria Harris nee Longley - Electoral Rolls: garage employee (Subiaco, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); mechanic (Applecross, WA, 1949-1972)

===''HARRISON''===

* [[/Arthur Roberts Harrison|Harrison, Arthur Roberts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J7-YHJ] - 1909(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2DT Sydney (Stanmore, 1934-1939, 1948-1961; Concord West, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1326, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1958; Stanmore, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Haydn Harrison|Harrison, Maurice Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-KWV] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2OY Sydney (Paddington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 18, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Parkes, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); policeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); police sergeant (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Percival Lionel Carr Harrison|Harrison, Percival Lionel Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-VDC] - 1912(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6LH Perth (Claremont, 1937-1939; Armadale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1909, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); civil servant (Armadale, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Victor William Harrison|Harrison, Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSM-2BS] - 1911(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QD Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948; North Balwyn, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1949, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''HARRISS''===

* [[/Alfred George Harriss|Harriss, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8HN-THZ] - 1873(Eng)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator; radio clubs (Longreach Radio Club); business proprietor (Jackson &amp; Harriss) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Longreach, 1930) - Relationships: father of Dorothy Winnifred Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss

* [[/Dorothy Winnifred Harriss|Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGYC-3CP] - 1905(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4DH Longreach (1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 573, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); first YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: typist (Longreach, 1930); home duties (Longreach, 1936-1943; Warwick, 1949; Toowoomba, 1954-1977; Macgregor, 1980) - Relationships: daughter of Alfred George Harriss

* [[/Wilfred Lloyd Harriss|Harriss, Wilfred Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQ2-MS6] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ALF Sydney (Coogee, 1939, 1946-1960; Lugarno, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1285, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Coogee, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Coogee, NSW, 1958; Lugarno, NSW, 1963-1968; Falconbridge, NSW, 1972; Springwood, NSW, 1977)

===''HARRISSON''===

* [[/Charles Harrisson|Harrisson, Charles &quot;Snowy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-VK3] - 1908(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1933); 3CN Shepparton (1937-1939, 1948); 7CH Hobart (Moonah, 1954-1960); 7CH Burnie (1965); 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 348, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Charles Turnbull Harrisson, biologist in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1949); bank manager (Moonah, Tas, 1954)

===''HARSTON''===

* [[/Leslie William Harston|Harston, Leslie William or William Leslie &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQD-XVY] - 1897(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1932-1939, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 903, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (art shop) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Clayfield, Qld, 1921-1943); no occupation (Holland Park, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''HART''===

* [[/Augustus Samuel Hart|Hart, Augustus Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CMQ-4CP] - 1890(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 57, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Watchem, Vic, 1912; Glen Thompson, 1913); wireless engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Esperance, 1943); telegraphist (Darwin, 1949); wireless officer (Moonee Ponds, 1963-1968; Essendon, 1972)

* [[/James Claude Hoyte John Hart|Hart, James Claude Hoyte John &quot;Hoyte John&quot;, &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWC-W4C] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HO Sydney (Manly, 1928-1931; Roseville, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1975; Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 410, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 4622, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1933-1954; St Ives, 1958-1963); retired (St Ives, 1968-1977; Manly, 1980)

* [[/John William Hart|Hart, John William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2399, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman Victor Hart|Hart, Norman Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNK3-TXW] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4KO Booval (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 760, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIA, Ipswich RC); engineer - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Booval, 1932-1937); grocer (Booval, 1943-1949); radio technician (Booval, 1954-1972; East Ipswich, 1977-1980)

* [[/William James Hart|Hart, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-MW8] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ACA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1938); 2ACA Orange (1939); 2ACA Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1947); 2ACR Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 69, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Marrickville, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); public servant (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/William John Hart|Hart, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-CKN] - 1926(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2YQ Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 589, 1958; AOCP 3819, 1959; COCP3 4611, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HARTLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Hartley|Hartley, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP58-YDC] - 1911(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1939, 1946-1965; Greenacre, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1218, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1934-1937); welder (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Greenacre, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HARVEY''===

* [[/B. C. L. Harvey|Harvey, B. C. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAC Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Colin Geoffrey Harvey|Harvey, Colin Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC4-31J] - 1920(Vic)-2010(ACT) - Licences: 3UO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; East St Kilda, 1947-1956); 2AQU Glenbrook (1958-1961); 1AU Canberra (Hughes, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1695, 1936, Vic; BOCP 203, 1938; TVOCP 31, 1957; 1COCP N26, 1970 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, 1944) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGH - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Armadale, Vic, 1949);  RAAF (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958; Hughes, ACT, 1968-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1528008 AWM]

* [[/Edward Rossiter Harvey|Harvey, Edward Rossiter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBP-BK8] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6RG Perth (Scarborough, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4RK Surfers Paradise (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2041, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Leederville, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1943); newsagent (Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); shopkeeper (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1963); proprietor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Mermaid Waters, Qld, 1980)

* [[/James Harvey|Harvey, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WJW] - 1907(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Buranda, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ZJO Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2235, 1938, Qld; NAOCP Q3, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth Public Servant (Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Joseph Melville Harvey|Harvey, Joseph Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHSW-R2Z] - 1892(Tas)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CG Receive Donnybrook (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agriculturalist (Thomson's Brook, Donnybrook, WA, 1930-1963)

* [[/Manning Herbert Harvey|Harvey, Manning Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZGG-LFZ] - 1887(Tas)-1932(Tas) - Licences: XZC Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1914-1928)

===''HASELDINE''===

* [[/John Craig Haseldine|Haseldine, John Craig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTV-TNW] - 1918(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1947-1965; Pennington, 1969); 3QG Melbourne (Mulgrave, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2391, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: serviceman (Cheltenham, SA, 1939; Burleigh Estate, SA, 1941); electrician (Mulgrave, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HASKARD''===

* [[/Reginald Geoffrey Haskard|Haskard, Reginald Geoffrey &quot;Geoff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-S35] - 1906(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Jamestown, 1923-1924); 5RH Adelaide (Jamestown, 1927-1931; North Adelaide, 1933; Malvern, 1937-1939; Helmsdale, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1975; West Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 316, 1927, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1558, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retreader (Malvern, 1939-1941); wireless operator (Malvern, 1943)

===''HASSELBACH''===

* [[/Edward Hasselbach|Hasselbach, Edward or Eduard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZS2-GZH] - 1849(Germany)-1928(Vic) - Licences: XKN Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914; Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1928)

===''HATFIELD''===

* [[/Westrop Henry Hatfield|Hatfield, Westrop Henry &quot;West&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-VF5] - 1909(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''HATTAM''===

* [[/Fred Hattam|Hattam, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-QDL] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3HW Castlemaine (1929-1939); 3BAL Castlemaine (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 541, 1929, Vic; BOCP 410, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Castlemaine, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Castlemaine, 1954-1967); engineer (Castlemaine, 1968-1972)

===''HATTON''===

* [[/Donald Edsall Hatton|Hatton, Donald Edsall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB2-YHY] - 1925(NSW)-2009(Vic) - Licences: 2AI Sydney (Abbotsford, 1947-1954; Vaucluse, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 34, 1946, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton - Comment: Died with wife in 2009 Vic bushfires - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949-1954); scientist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963; Templestowe, Vic, 1967-1977) - Links: [http://royalcommission.vic.gov.au/getdoc/f95fb3fc-117e-46c7-b2cc-22ec17a5dd88/Transcript_VBRC_Day_117_04-Mar-2010-REDACTED.pdf Bushfire Royal Commission]

* [[/Harry Creighton Hatton|Hatton, Harry Creighton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH1R-8XB] - 1893(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Abbotsford, 1923); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) (1946 to 1955, licence held with son Kenneth Harry Hatton) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Gunner, 1915-1918, Gassed) - Relationships: Father of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton &amp; 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: Fitter &amp; turner with Warburton Franki (1915, Army enlistment); fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/Kenneth Harry Hatton|Hatton, Kenneth Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKML-N4T] - 1921(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1947; Epping, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1946-1955) (licence held with Harry Creighton Hatton); 2AGU Sydney (Pymble, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2104, 1938, NSW; COCP2 363, 1940; COCP1 451, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: airline radio officer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Pymble, NSW, 1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963); airline navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1968); navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAVYATT''===

* [[/Alaric Havyatt|Havyatt, Alaric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMK7-5XZ] - 1917(NZ)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AET Sydney (Double Bay, 1936-1938; Edgecliff, 1939, 1946-1947; Roseville, 1948-1958); 2AZQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1969; Woolwich, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1825, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); student (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1972-1977; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1980)

===''HAWKER''===

* [[/H. Hawker|Hawker, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XHH Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HAWKESWORTH''===

* [[/Norman John Hawkesworth|Hawkesworth, Norman John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CQ-CB8] - 1908(NSW)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Auburn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2361, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); labourer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936); waiter (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); radio wireman (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1968); radio worker (Auburn, Vic, 1972); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAWKINS''===

* [[/Henry William Albert Hawkins|Hawkins, Henry William Albert &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GF-3WX] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Cessnock (1932-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1073, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Cessnock, NSW, 1935-1972)

===''HAWORTH''===

* [[/William Haworth|Haworth, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G823-JT3] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences Q737 Receive Qld (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ironside Estate, 1917); mechanic (Taringa, 1921-1928); lineman (North Tmborine, 1931); electrical mechanic (Eagle Heights, 1936; Toowong, 1937); telephone mechanic (Bundaberg, 1943-1949); technician (Toowong, 1954-1972); retired (Caloundra, 1977-1980)

===''HAWSON''===

* [[/Thomas Edgar Cecil Hawson|Hawson, Thomas Edgar Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-ZV9] - 1916(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Ipswich (Woodend, 1937-1939; East Ipswich, 1947-1948); 4CH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1969; Salisbury, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2016, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: agent (Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (East Ipswich, Qld, 1949); storekeeper (Windsor, Qld, 1954; Yeronga, Qld, 1958; Salisbury, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''HAY''===

* [[/Patrick Walsh Hay|Hay, Patrick Walsh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-8Q9] - 1918(NSW)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 2ADW Sydney (Lidcombe, 1936-1938; Sefton, 1939); 4PH Toowoomba (1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1730, 1930, NSW; BOCP 639, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sefton, NSW, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Toowoomba North, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''HAYES''===

* [[/William Lyall Hayes|Hayes, William Lyall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-GGX] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AJL Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939; Chatswood, 1946-1954; Artarmon, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2082, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1954; Artarmon, NSW, 1958-1968); chemist (Artarmon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAYLES''===

* [[/Ernest Edward Hayles|Hayles, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQT-F9K] - 1911(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4HY Innisfail (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 2AHY Wollongong (1954-1958); 2AHY Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1960-1969; Roseville, 1975); 2AHY Alstonville (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2153, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1949; Wollongong, NSW, 1954); dental technician (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''HAYMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Hayman|Hayman, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ19-MCS] - 1888(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 26, 1914 - coastal wireless Operator (Broome, WA); radio telegraphist at WW1 enlistment; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Kaiapoi, NZ, 1911; Christchurch, NZ, 1919-1935; Fendleton, NZ, 1946-1949); retired (Fendalton, NZ, 1957; Papanui, NZ, 1972)

* [[/William George Inglis Hayman|Hayman, William George Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-CX1] - 1897(Eng)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BG Perth (Claremont, 1925); 6GH Perth (Claremont, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist; educator - Electoral Rolls: lecturer (Claremont, 1922-1929); engineer (Claremont, 1931-1954); civil servant (Claremont, 1958-1968) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hayman-william-george-12971 ADB]

===''HAYNES''===

* [[/Bruce Lot Henry Haynes|Haynes, Bruce Lot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC44-8M4] - 1898(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Armidale (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Armidale, 1930-1936); poultry farmer (West Pennant Hills, 1943-1958)

* [[/Thomas Ambrose John Haynes|Haynes, Thomas Ambrose John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSC5-WXM] - 1902(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5AY Adelaide (Black Forest Estate, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 835, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Black Forest, 1939-1943)

* [[/Walter Charles Henry Haynes|Haynes, Walter Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWS-2LW] - 1910(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2XH Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947); 2APH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1960; Oatley, 1961-1965; Sylvania Waters, 1969); 4APH Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2404, 1939, NSW; BOCP 569, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1963); tv technician (Sylvania, NSW, 1968); acting superintendent (Fern Tree Gully, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

===''HAZARD''===

* [[/Cleveland Tidcombe Hazard|Hazard, Cleveland Tidcombe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BS-QML] - 1897(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XNT Melbourne (Brighton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, 4th Field Artillery, medically discharged, multiple gunshot wounds, 1915-1918 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murrabit, Vic, 1919-1927); clerk (Glen Innes, NSW, 1930-1932); accountant (Merewether, NSW, 1933-1937); civil servant (Toxteth, NSW, 1943); public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HAZLETT''===

* [[/Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett|Hazlett, Royce Stanley Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXX4-F38] - 1932(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4ZRH Brisbane (Wellers Hill, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1159, 1961, Qld - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4EO Stanley Albert Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1963); electrical contractor (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1968-1972); contractor (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley Albert Hazlett|Hazlett, Stanley Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC33-RH7] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4EO Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 4ZRH Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1925-1928); buyer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''HEARPS''===

* Hearps, David Edward - See David Edward Vaughan (change of name)

===''HEATH''===

* [[/Allan Harry Heath|Heath, Allan Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y4-4DT] - 1914(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5ZX Adelaide (Prospect Park, 1934-1939; Highgate, 1947-1956; Brighton, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1369, 1934, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''HEATHERS''===

* [[/Cyril John Heathers|Heathers, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XN-NG9] - 1909(Eng)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2GZ Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1934); 2UA Sydney (Bankstown, 1935-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 615, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bankstown, 1930-1943); telephone engineer (Artarmon, 1949-1968); engineer (Artarmon, 1977-1980) - Comment: 2GZ callsign likely withdrawn by PMGD for 2GZ Orange commercial

===''HEAVEY''===

* [[/John Aloysius Heavey|Heavey, John Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS8F-RNN] - 1894(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2XK Sydney (Maroubra, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1916, NSW (Marconi); COCP1 40, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Wellington, NZ, 1919); wireless worker (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless industry (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); technician (OTC Radio Receiving Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''HEDLEY''===

* [[/Charles Hedley|Hedley, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54F-R7Z] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1933; Mayfield, 1935-1938); 2MT Wollongong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1174, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930-1934; Mayfield, NSW, 1935-1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1968; Mngrtn, 1977; Wollongong West, NSW, 1980)

===''HEEPS''===

* [[/Frank William Heeps|Heeps, Frank William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y3-MPG] - 1911(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3ADX Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2362, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Richmond South, Vic, 1934-1936); brass finisher (Richmond, Vic, 1937); metal worker (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HEHIR''===

* [[/William James Hehir|Hehir, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYYL-PY2] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3RE Melbourne (Kew, 1935-1939, 1947); 3RE Hamilton (1948-1980+); 3ARE Mobile/Portable Hamilton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1520, 1935, Vic; BOCP 150, 1938; AIR3 6, 1938; AIR2 8, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); pilot (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1949-1968); engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HEILBRONN''===

* [[/George Heilbronn|Heilbronn, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJHL-PW3] - 1894(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4GG Chinchilla (1929-1939); 4GG Yarraman (1946-1955); 4GG Crows Nest (1956); 4GG Millmerran (1960); 4GG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 565, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Qld Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fireman (Chinchilla, 1925-1937); locomotive driver (Yarraman, 1954); engine driver (Millmerran, 1943-1958); retired (Wynnum, 1963-1968)

===''HEIMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Heimann|Heimann or Heiman Von Koenigswerter, Theodore Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSZ-JXK] - 1910(SA)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TH Wagga Wagga (1935-1937); 2TH Sydney (Hurstone Park, 1938-1939); 2TH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2TH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1948-1950; Bondi, 1954-1969); 2TH Newcastle (Lorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optometrist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1931-1937); radio technician (Urana, NSW, 1949); secretary (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (North Maitland, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HEINE''===

* [[/John Frederick Heine|Heine, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VS-V1F] - 1908(Tas)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 7JK Hobart (City, 1927; Bellerive, 1931); 4JX Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1933; Ascot, 1935; Kangaroo Point, 1937; Mowbray Park, 1938-1939); 3JF Melbourne (Beaumaris) (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 355, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934; Norman Park, Qld, 1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); representative (Beaumaris, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HEINECKE''===

* [[/Heinrich Victor Heinecke|Heinecke, Heinrich Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJ7-SF9] - 1889(Vic)-1971(SA) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912); engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1914); electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1919; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1942)

===''HEINRICH''===

* [[/William Latimer Heinrich|Heinrich, William Latimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG5-S7Y] - 1917(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5HR Bute (1934-1939); 5HR Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1376, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmhand (Bute, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HEITSCH''===

* [[/Henry John Keith Heitsch|Heitsch, Henry John Keith or Heinrich Johann]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CV-QYP] - 1907(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 3HK Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1939, 1947-1975); 4AHK Scarness (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 516, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: piano fitter (Mitcham, 1931-1954); technician (Mitcham, 1963-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1980)

===''HELLAWELL''===

* [[/Francis Herbert Hellawell|Hellawell, Francis Herbert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK5G-478] - 1885(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio clubs (member, WIQ); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, 1913-1914; Coorparoo, 1919; East Annerley, 1925; Annerley, 1929-1934); clerk (Brisbane City, 1937); no occupation (Beachmere, 1943-1949; Annerley, 1954-1958)

===''HELLICAR''===

* [[/Geoffrey Charles Hellicar|Hellicar, Geoffrey Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWD-5M8] - 1916(???)-1932(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 928, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HELLYER''===

* [[/Leicester Henry Hellyer|Hellyer, Leicester Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFNW-BTC] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Rockdale, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 600, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Rockdale, 1930-1933; Manly, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936-1937; Willoughby, 1943; Artarmon, 1949-1963; Newport, 1968-1977)

===''HENDERSON''===

* [[/Frederick James Henderson|Henderson, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-XRX] - 1891(Eng)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 208, 1916 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/S. A. Henderson|Henderson, S. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JN Adelaide (Walkerville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HENLEY''===

* [[/Clarence Henley|Henley, Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQ9-Z2S] - 1887(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJCC Melbourne (Clayton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual is best fit but not fully identified (Licensed as CHH rather than CH) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1912-1913); farmer (Milawa, Vic, 1922); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1924-1937)

===''HENNESSEY''===

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] - 1896(Qld)-19?? - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcasters - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld

===''HENRIQUES''===

* [[/Frederick Lester Henriques|Henry, Frederick Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W1P-SBF] - 1883(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2FH Sydney (Hunter's Hill &amp; Motor Launch Amohine) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1936; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937-1943)

===''HENRY''===

* [[/Arthur Geddes Henry|Henry, Arthur Geddes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4QW-K9Z] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK Sydney (Sandringham, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 494, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Sandringham, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (San Souci, NSW, 1949-1963; Northbridge, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Clement John Henry|Henry, Clement John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6T-RPC] - 1905(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Uralla (1923); 2CH Uralla (1924-1929); 2UR Uralla (1930-1939); 2UR Blakehurst (1946); 2UR Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 85, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Withdrawal: 2CH callsign withdrawn in 1930 for 2CH Sydney - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Uralla, 1930-1937); electrical fitter (RAAF Richmond, 1943); technician (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954; Pymble, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Edwin Henry|Henry, John Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL6B-GD6] - 1868(Vic)-1933(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Receive Mt Alford via Boonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: baker (Gundy, NSW, 1913); farmer (Boonah, Qld, 1917-1921); storekeeper (Mt Alford, Qld, 1922-1926); baker (Dayboro, Qld, 1928; Wondai, Qld, 1931)

* [[/Raymond Cherrington Henry|Henry, Raymond Cherrington &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-C1Y] - 1894(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5CY Cook (1935-1939); 5RY Adelaide (Goodwood, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1421, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Son, also named RCH, passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles Henry|Henry, Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNW-VF7] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AGC Tamworth (1937-1939); 2GZ Griffith (1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1890, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Hanwood, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Griffith, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''HENTZE''===

* [[/Phillip Raoul Hentze|Hentze, Phillip Raoul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2C-9RP] - 1905(Germany)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Sydney (Killara, 1927-1928); 2RN Sydney (Manly, 1933; Darling Point, 1935-1936; Killara, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 326, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool buyer (Killara, NSW, 1930; Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Killara, NSW, 1937); Commonwealth wool appraiser (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943-1949); wool buyer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1963); director (Palm Beach, NSW, 1972); manager (Palm Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HENWOOD''===

* [[/Ralph Franklin Henwood|Henwood, Ralph Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89X-CF6] - 1912(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6RL Perth (North Perth, 1930-1933; Claremont, 1937); 6RL Northam (1946-1948); 2AXA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1960-1961); 6RL Perth (Claremont, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 720, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 2, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Claremont, 1936); radio operator (6AM) (Northam, 1937); radio technician (Northam, 1943-1949; Claremont, 1954); technician (Bellevue Hill, 1958; Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977)

===''HEPTON''===

* [[/William Dean Hepton|Hepton, William Dean &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRBB-VN5] - 1898(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4WD Brisbane (Milton, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 918, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, instructor 1932-1935) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1921; Milton, Qld, 1925-1963)

===''HERD''===

* [[/James Kinross Herd|Herd, James Kinross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-YSQ] - 1901(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JK Baccus Marsh (1924-1927); 3JK Wangaratta (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 3JK Mornington (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 36, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: surgeon dentist (Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1924-1928); dentist (Wangaratta, Vic, 1937-1954); dental surgeon (Frankston, Vic, 1963)

===''HERMAN''===

* [[/Leonard George Herman|Herman or Hermann, Leonard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2Q-LW1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3NF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1905, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HERMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Hermann|Hermann, Theodore Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1239, 1934, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HERSCHEL''===

* [[/Henry Victor Herschel|Herschel, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N6-76H] - 1902(Qld)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4UK Cairns (1929-1931); 4UK Toowoomba (1933); 4UK Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 564, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1925; Cairns, 1930; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937)- Comment: Passed too soon

===''HESKETH''===

* [[/John Hesketh|Hesketh, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2B-YFT] - 1868(Eng)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XJEB Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; senior state public servant (Qld electrical engineer); senior federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer); military (Royal Engineers, Eng; Qld Defence Force, lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1917) - Links: [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/John_Hesketh IEE Bio]; [http://www.consuleng.com.au/Early%20Automatic%20Telephony%20in%20Australia%20-%20Moynihan%201985.pdf Automatic Telephony]

===''HEWITT''===

* [[/Archibald John Hewitt|Hewitt, Archibald John &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DZ-TNY] - 1910(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939); 5XK Kingscote (1946-1948); 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1954; College Park, 1955-1956; Lucindale, 1960; Semaphore, 1965-1969; Ottaway, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 582, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Kingscote, 1939-1941)

* [[/Clarence Richard Hewitt|Hewitt, Clarence Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6D1-718] - 1900(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Brisbane (Rosalie, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1919); student (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1921-1926); moulder (Rosalie, Qld, 1928); carpenter (Rosalie, Qld, 1936-1943; Indooroopilly, Qld, 1949); hotel manager (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Colin Frederick Hewitt|Hewitt, Colin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-F2K] - 1928(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CT Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1948-1955; Blair Athol, 1956-1965; Prospect, 1969; Banksia Park, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2819, 1948, SA; BOCP 1344, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Hewitt|Hewitt, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-PMC] - 1909(Vic)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2074, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 10th Squadron, 1939-1941, passed flying battle, 2nd wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: postal (Caulfield East, Vic, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721780 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325082 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/796889 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Horace Thomas Hewitt|Hewitt, Horace Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MN6S-JBL] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PD Brisbane (Moorooka, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2377, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hodgson, Qld, 1925; Bowen, Qld, 1930); mechanic (Roma, Qld, 1936-1937); turner (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Thomas George Hewitt|Hewitt, Thomas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-PLM] - 1900(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 4TH Cairns (1937-1939); 2LH Lismore (1946-1961); 2ATG Lennox Head (1955-1961) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cairns, Qld, 1930-1943; Lismore, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''HEY''===

* [[/Eric Charles Hey|Hey, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-9NK] - 1916(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP N2736, 1987, NSW; AOCP N1874, 1988 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); student (Coogee, NSW, 1954-1958); dental surgeon (Coogee, NSW, 1968); dentist (Coogee, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/hey-eric-charles-16914 Obituaries Australia]

===''HIAM''===

* [[/Robert Charles Hiam|Hiam, Robert Charles &quot;Charles&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCT-14T] - 1888(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XLD Melbourne (Balaclava, 1913-1914); 3LW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1931; Caulfield North, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 174, 1915 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tailor (St Kilda, 1913-1928; Caulfield, 1931-1968); retired (Beaumaris, 1972-1980)

===''HIBBERT''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Hibbert|Hibbert, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R2-Y8N] - 1899(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Cootamundra (1929-1935) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 391, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ermington, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Gwendolyn near Budgewoi, NSW, 1972; Samarinda Point, NSW, 1980)

===''HICKS''===

* [[/Charles McCall Hicks|Hicks, Charles McCall &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-L88] - 1921(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1938-1939, 1946-1955; Whale Beach, 1956-1958); 2ADV Forster (1960-1965); 2ADV Sydney (Avalon, 1969; Palm Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2097, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1942); cutter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1949); director (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); company director (Forster, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Henry Joseph Hicks|Hicks, Henry Joseph &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QG-RRR] - 1913(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 1HH Macquarie Island (1955-1956); 4HG Willis Island (1963); 9HG Lae, New Guinea (1965-1969); 4HG Tolga (1975-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 2468, 1941, Qld; 1COCP 784, 1944 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: letterpress machinist (Cairns, 1936-1937); printer (Newtown, 1943); radio officer (Broome, 1963); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1972); retired (Tolga, 1977-1980) - Awards: BEM (1958, Officer in Charge, Radio Weather Reporting Station, Willis Islets)

===''HIGGINBOTHAM''===

* [[/Ronald William Higginbotham|Higginbotham, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5V-6KQ] - 1915(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (Ashburton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2149, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); linotyper (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Ashburton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HIGGINS''===

* [[/Charles Sherlock Higgins|Higgins, Charles Sherlock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WK-X4K] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Pendle Hill, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Wentworthville, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1160, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); research engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Gordon Conway Higgins|Higgins, John Gordon Conway &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD45-FKK] - 1884(NSW)-1963(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 29, 1914 - wireless telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, 1910-1912); radio engineer (Prahran, 1925-1927); manufacturer (St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); soldier (Caulfield, 1942); military duties (South Yarra, 1949); retired (Dromana, 1954; Sorrento, 1963)

* [[/Murray William Higgins|Higgins, Murray William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZV-LT8] - 1920(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5QM Adelaide (North Unley, 1947; Parkside, 1948; Harcourt Gardens, 1954; Panorama, 1965-1969); 5AQM Adelaide (Panorama, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2260, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1943)

===''HIGGS''===

* [[/Arthur John Higgs|Higgs, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBF-919] - 1904(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2GY Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1931-1939); 2GY Sydney (Bayview, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP N321, 1975, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1928); astronomer (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1931-1937); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); research officer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1949-1954); secretary (West Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bayview, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HILDER''===

* [[/Henry Edward Hilder|Hilder, Henry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVWH-4VK] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4HH Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1946-1948; Nudgee, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 69, 1946, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, Signals, 1940-1947); employment (Brisbane Fire Brigade, communications) - Halcyon: says AOCP Brisbane 1936 but no record - Electoral Rolls: storeman (East Brisbane, Qld, 1941-1949); fireman (Nudgee, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Hilder|Hilder, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF8-1PY] - 1902(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AFT Bourke (1937-1939); 2AFT Hillston (1946-1948); 2AFT Trida (1950-1961); 2AFT Quirindi (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1848, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Bourke, NSW, 1930); station manager (Fort Bourke Station, Bourke, 1936-1943; Hunthawang, Hillston, NSW, 1949); grazier (Cogie via Trida, NSW, 1954-1963; Fintona, Quirindi, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Quirindi, NSW, 1977)

===''HILDYARD''===

* [[/Athol David Hildyard|Hildyard, Athol David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-TBD] - 1919(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7DH Hobart (City, 1936-1939, 1948; Montagu Bay, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1735, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; 1AOCP 50, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Hobart South, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Montagu Bay, 1954)

===''HILL''===

* [[/Alfred Wyatt Hill|Hill, Alfred Wyatt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Y-5VM] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Stanley Hill|Hill, Arthur Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-FRC] - 1906(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6AH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1985, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Husband of 6MH Mary Lilian Hill nee - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wiluna, WA, 1931); engineer (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1949); business manager (Wiluna, WA, 1954-1963); retired (West Busselton, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frederick John Hill|Hill, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-1J5] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TY Kurri Kurri (1929-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 500, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Pelaw Main, 1930; Stanford Merthyr, 1934; Kurri Kurri, 1936-1937); winding driver (Kurri Kurri, 1968)

* [[/G. M. Hill|Hill, G. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9GM Rabaul (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Hunter Hill|Hill, Jack Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-18Y] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADT Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADT Sydney (Belmore, 1946); 2ADT Cessnock (1947-1954); 2ADT Inverell (1955-1965); 2ADT Port Macquarie (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1739, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1931-1933; Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943; Aberdare, NSW, 1949-1954; Inverell, NSW, 1958-1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Hill|Hill, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-7NX] - 1922(SA)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3AJN Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1956; Hawthorn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2367, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1954; Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1977; Kew, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Mary Lilian XXXX|Hill nee , Mary Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-JZY] - 1906(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6MH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6MH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1976, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 6AH Arthur Stanley Hill - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/R. F. Hill|Hill, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAU Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HILLHOUSE''===

* [[/James Reid Hillhouse|Hillhouse, James or James Reid]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-YZJ] - 1907(Sct)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4ZO Collinsville (1933-1939, 1947-1975); 4ZO Bowen (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1115, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coal miner (Collinsville, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Gladstone, Qld, 1977)

===''HILTON''===

* [[/William Edward Hilton|Hilton, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPR-P1K] - 1876(???)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XEQ Sydney (St Leonards, 1913-1914); 2BA Receive Sydney (Crows Nest, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Newtown, 1903); postmaster (Stockton, 1930-1932; Kurri Kurri, 1934-1936); retired (Long Jetty, 1943-1949)

===''HINE''===

* [[/Francis Thomas Hine|Hine, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBY-3SZ] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2QL Sydney (Campsie, 1935-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1434, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, 1930-1931; Temora, 1932-1935); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1936-1937; Concord, 1943); radio officer (Homebush, 1954-1958; Strathfield West, 1968; Homebush, 1977-1980)

===''HINTON''===

* [[/Wilfred Frank Hinton|Hinton, Wilfred Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VL7-X3G] - 1887(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XAAL Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 5th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, Private, Lieut, Captain, 1915-1917) - Relationships: brother of 2FI Receive Ronald Stewart Hinton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wagga Wagga, 1913) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2202474 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Ronald Stewart Hinton|Hinton, Ronald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-NJJ] - 1896(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 94, 1932, NSW - amateur receiver - Relationships: brother of XAAL Wilfred Frank Hinton - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1943); technician (Clareville, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1977)

===''HIPWELL''===

* [[/Ronald Anson Le Hunt Hipwell|Hipwell, Ronald Anson Le Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HJ-SMM] - 1902(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Swan Hill (1929-1933); 2ACD Broken Hill (1937-1939); 3ACD Melbourne (Dromana, 1955-1956); 5AJ Port Augusta (1960-1965); 3AEI Melbourne (Dromana, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 486, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 140, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1925); electrical engineer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1943); radio electrical fitter (Dromana, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Dromana, Vic, 1972)

===''HIRSCH''===

* [[/Jacob Alexander Hirsch|Hirsch or Deerson, Jacob or Jakob Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZX-RZ3] - 1896(Aus)-1979(Aus) - Licences: 2AE Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Oatley, 1930-1937); clerk (Canberra, 1949); no occupation (Pambula Beach, 1954-1972; Merimbula, 1977)

===''HITCHCOCK''===

* [[/Leith Fuller Hitchcock|Hitchcock, Leith Fuller]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWC-Y61] - 1897(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4LH Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1931-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bacteriologist (Wooloowin, 1921-1936); research officer (Wooloowin, 1943-1949)

===''HOAD''===

* [[/C. M. Hoad|Hoad, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 319, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Individual not yet identified

===''HOAR''===

* [[/John Cecil Hoar|Hoar, John Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVKW-HND] - 1900(Eng)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6OR Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1939; Mosman Park, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 786, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Barracks, Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931; East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, WA, 1949-1963)

===''HOARE''===

* [[/Peter Hoare|Hoare, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99K-6N4] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2PH Gosford (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 82, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Eastwood, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Girraween, NSW, 1936-1943); signalman (Harris Park, NSW, 1949; Fairfield, NSW, 1954; Auburn, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Pierce Mark Hoare|Hoare, Pierce Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G8-XMV] - 1895(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SL Lismore (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1227, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Cyclist Corps &amp; Machine Gun Co, 1916-1919); radio clubs (Richmond River Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1937); radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1958); no occupation (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOBART-DUFF''===

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Hobart-Duff, William Vere see Duff, William Vere Hobart]]

===''HOBBS''===

* [[/Ivor Melville Hobbs|Hobbs, Ivor Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8R-524] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 6DO Merredin (!938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2202, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine-driver (Merredin, WA, 1936-1943); ice manufacturer (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''HOBCROFT''===

* [[/Hurtle Horace Hobcroft|Hobcroft, Hurtle Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-G5T] - 1899(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5RE Adelaide (West Brunswick, 1928); 5RE Renmark (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 5RE Adelaide (Linden Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 420, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Relationships: Father of Rex Kelvin Hobcroft - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, 1925-1926; Brunswick West, 1928); horticulturalist (Renmark, 1939-1943)

===''HOBLER''===

* [[/Cecil Forde Hobler|Hobler, Cecil Forde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Q-TK9] - 1899(Qld)-1964(PNG) - Licences: 4HR Barcaldine (ca 1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: cousin of 4DO Harold Learmonth Hobler - Electoral Rolls: student (Rockhampton, Qld, 1921); solicitor (Barcaldine, Qld, 1925-1937) - TroveTag &quot;4HR - Cecil Forde Hobler&quot; 

* [[/Harold Learmonth Hobler|Hobler, Harold Learmonth &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKZ-8N1] - 1906(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 1217 Rockhampton (1921-1924); 4DO Receive Rockhampton (1923-1924); 4DO Rockhampton (1925-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 110, 1925, No. 12 in Qld; CPRT 1003, 1928 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, JOTA); business proprietor (picture theatre); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - QSLs: Remnant of QSL collection (250+) acquired ex Ebay by SSD &amp; donated to NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Cousin of Cecil Forde Hobler - Electoral Rolls: theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1930-1937); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1943); soldier (Bulimba, 1943); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1949); theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1958-1963); property owner (Rockhampton North, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;1217-4DO - Harold Learmonth Hobler&quot;

===''HOCKING''===

* [[/Edward John Hocking|Hocking, Edward John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK9-XC9] - 1898(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AIE Sydney (Hornsby, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2004, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hornsby, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Harry Hocking|Hocking, Harry or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-DZ4] - 1920(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AMG Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939); 2HH Sydney (Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2225, NSW; COCP2 661, 1942; COCP1 699, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Campsie, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HODDER''===

* [[/Clarence William Hodder|Hodder, Clarence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLK-ZRC] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5LY Adelaide (Parkside, 1934-1939, 1947; Bridgewater, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1354, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Hodder|Hodder, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD2L-6LY] - 1917(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Bondi North, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1437, 1935, NSW; AIR3 1010, 1947; BOCP 1078, 1949; COCP2 1204, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Bondi, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Ivan Reynall Hodder|Hodder, Ivan Reynall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX73-HKS] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RH Glenorchy (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 471, 1919 (Marconi); COCP1 417, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (applied 1AIF, 1918, discharged due to demob); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk at time of enlistment 1918; radio engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925); farmer (&quot;Eromanga&quot;, Glenorchy, Vic, 1931); aeradio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); examiner (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954; Deepdene, Vic, 1958-1963; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968); retired (Myrtleford, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODDINOTT''===

* [[/Francis William Hoddinott|Hoddinott, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4Q-3X7] - 1886(Vic)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Eagle Junction, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockville Estate, Toowoomba, Qld, 1908; Toowoomba, Qld, 1912; Sandgate, Qld, 1919; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1921-1943; West End, 1949); retired (Tamborine Mountain, Qld, 1958-1963; Hendra, Qld, 1968)

===''HODGE''===

* [[/Herbert Gibson Hodge|Hodge, Herbert Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYT-MZ8] - 1910(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1202, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1934-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1967); mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODGES''===

* [[/Ronald Albert Hodges|Hodges, Ronald Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDB-YFC] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3HO Melbourne (Merlynston, 1932-1937; Pascoe Vale South, 1938-1939, 1947-1975); 3HO Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 875, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tinsmith (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); winder (Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1977); retired (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Charles Hunting Hodges|Hodges, Wilfred Charles Hunting]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-P5X] - 1895(Vic)-1949(Qld) - Licences: XPS Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 639, 1921; 2COCP 7, 1929; 1COCP 122, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1925); radio (Malvern East, Vic, 1928); radio telegraphist (Sunshine, Vic, 1931); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); senior radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''HODGKINS''===

* [[/Ernest Paradine Hodgkins|Hodgkins, Ernest Paradine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGTW-ZBW] - 1899(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2EH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1934-1939); 2EH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2EH Avoca Beach (1948-1961); 2EH Narara (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1262, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930); teacher (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937; Avoca Beach, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Narara, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HODGKINSON''===

* [[/Francis Charles Hodgkinson|Hodgkinson, Francis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBM-J4S] - 1906(???)-1977(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: jeweller's assistant (Ulverstone, 1928-1949); watchmaker (Ulverstone, 1954)

===''HODSON''===

* [[/Victor Hodson|Hodson, Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-DV2] - 1890(SA)-1917(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 145, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HOE''===

* [[/Frederick Hoe|Hoe, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS4Q-CSG] - 1886(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer; business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Father of 4FO Fred Hoe - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fortitude Valley, Qld, 1913; Yeronga, Qld, 1916-1919); manager (Yeronga, Qld, 1921-1972)

* [[/Fred Hoe|Hoe, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G796-MWK] - 1913(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4FO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1933-1939; Annerley, 1946-1954) -  Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 53, 1931; AOCP 1188, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Edgar V. Hudson); business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Son of Frederick Hoe - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Yeronga, Qld, 1936-1937); general manager (Annerley, Qld, 1949); business manager (Salisbury, Qld, 1954); manager (Buranda, Qld, 1954-1963; Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968); company director (Holland Park West, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''HOGAN''===

* [[/Thomas David Hogan|Hogan, Thomas David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWC-ZSN] - 1913(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3HX Charlton (1935-1939); 3HX Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1960); 3HX Cottles Bridge (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1573, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Charlton, Vic, 1935-1936); journalist (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Dromana, Vic, 1958); manager (Cottles Bridge, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Martin Joseph Hogan|Hogan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMW-GZX] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KX Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 872, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Turramurra, NSW, 1930; North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1937); public servant (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1954); clerk (Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Thomas Kevin Hogan|Hogan, Thomas Kevin]] - 1914(WA)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2066, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Claremont, WA, 1936); junior observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1937); examiner of patents (Reid, ACT, 1943); research officer (Penshurst, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cooma, NSW, 1958); university director (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1963-1968); professor (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOGG''===

* [[/Stanley Hogg|Hogg, Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TCR] - 1908(Eng)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6SG Harvey (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1382, 1934, WA; BOCP 142, 1938; 2COCP 240, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: milk tester (Harvey, WA, 1930-1937); radio operator (AAMS Wireless Station, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949); aircraft engineer (Kewdale, WA, 1954-1968; Belmont, WA, 1972); retired (Coodanup, WA, 1977; Mandurah, WA, 1980)

===''HOLDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Timms Holden|Holden, Stanley Timms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBNZ-T2Y] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Kew, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2120, 1938, Vic; BOCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew North, Vic, 1949); civil servant (Kew North, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''HOLDER''===

* [[/Edward Gascoyne Holder|Holder, Edward Gascoyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X3-3KW] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: XJCA Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1922-1926); salesman (Auburn, Vic, 1926-1928); manager (Auburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); proprietor sports store (Camperdown, Vic, 1937); salesman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972); retired (Balwyn, Vic, 1977)

===''HOLLAND''===

* [[/Albert John Evan Holland|Holland, Albert John Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-VBH] - 1896(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 12, 1924, No. 3 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 3JH Frank Henry James Holland - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925; Essendon, 1926); engineer (Essendon, 1928-1931; Camberwell, 1936-1954); nil (Nunawading, 1963)

* [[/Charles Ernest Holland|Holland, Charles Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNGN-7DF] - 1891(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: XKZ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Troop) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CEH - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1919); mechanic (St Kilda West, Vic, 1921-1937; Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943); engineer (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1958); retired (St Kilda North, Vic, 1967) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/199059 VWMA]

* [[/Clive Holland|Holland, Clive &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-QQV] - 1918(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XC Maryborough (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2075, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical wireman (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio servicer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank Henry James Holland|Holland, Frank Henry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-S1W] - 1899(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 596, 1920 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well placed in Trans-Pacific Tests 1923 despite inferior equipment - Relationships: brother of 3JH Albert John Evan Holland - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925); boot repairer (Essendon, 1926-1928); labourer (North Essendon, 1931); boot repairer (Olinda, 1934-1943); postal clerk (Sandringham, 1949); clerk (Heidelberg, 1954-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;3JH - Frank Henry James Holland&quot;

* [[/Ronald Weymouth Holland|Holland, Ronald Weymouth &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJJ7-171] - 1914(SA)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4AQ Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2392, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); departmental manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HOLLOWAY''===

* [[/William Hart Holloway|Holloway, William Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-HRT] - 1876(Eng)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 20, 1914; 1COCP 41, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1909; Whitemark, Flinders Island, 1914-1919); wireless operator (Broome, 1918-1922); O.J.C. Radio (Camberwell, 1924-1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, 1928); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Emita, Flinders Island, 1936-1937); farmer (Lady Barron, 1943-1949)

===''HOLMAN''===

* [[/Charles William Russell Holman|Holman, Charles William Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD7-PZR] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6HM Perth (Wembley Park, 1939, 1947); 6HM Boulder (1948); 1HM Cocos Island (1954-1955); 6HM Narrogin (1955); 3AHX Melbourne (East Kew, 1956); 8AS Darwin (Fanny Bay, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2340, 1939, WA; BOCP 443, 1942; AOCP1 47, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: steel worker (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Brown Hill, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); observer (Fannie Bay, NT, 1958-1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); technician (Innaloo, WA, 1968-1980)

===''HOLMES''===

* [[/Douglas Edward Holmes|Holmes, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYQ-ML2] - 1906(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2MX Dubbo (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 981, 1932, NSW; BOCP 14, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Dubbo, NSW, 1930); salesman (Dubbo, NSW, 1932-1937); broadcasting engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943); manager radio station (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1949-1963); clerk (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Noel Arthur Holmes|Holmes, Noel Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB2-TRG] - 1893(NSW)-1966(Qld) - Licences: XEU Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Marconi operator, SS Benalla, 1914; WW1 (Army, 2nd Signals Troop, 1916; Air Flying Corps, 1917-1918, Awarded British War Medal); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); sales manager (Manly, NSW, 1930); poulterer (Mosman, NSW, 1932-1934); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); salesman (Dee Why, NSW, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); retired (Manly, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Victor Ashforth Holmes|Holmes, Victor Ashforth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRB-HB5] - 1899(Qld)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AKP Moree (1938-1939); 2AKP Newcastle (Maitland East, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2188, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Murrurundi, NSW, 1930; Quirindi, NSW, 1931); night officer (Minnimbah, NSW, 1934); railway employee (Glen Innes, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (East Maitland, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HOLSCHIER''===

* [[/Joseph Holschier|Holschier, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRBM-1XK] - 1917(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2AKA Moira (1938-1939); 3HM Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1947; Richmond, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2125, 1938, NSW; BOCP 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HOLST''===

* [[/Arnold Owen Holst|Holst, Arnold Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-ZPD] - 1898(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XPH Melbourne (Caulfield, 1913-1914); 3OH Melbourne (Toorak, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY); electrician - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: sharebroker (Camberwell, 1922-1934; Toorak, 1935-1972)

* [[/Hector James Holst|Holst, Hector James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-X23] - 1903(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1954) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, 1925-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3BY - Hector James Holst&quot;

* [[/Otto Holst|Holst, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-2M7] - 1906(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1955-1967) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 79, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY) - took over 3BY callsign after passing of brother Hector James Holst in 1954 - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Caulfield, 1928-1963)

===''HOLSTEN''===

* [[/Frank Dawson Holsten|Holsten, Frank Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV76-V7P] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)92yo - Licences: 5LK Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1947; Unley Park, 1948; Kings Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2166, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak Gardens, SA, 1939); RAAF (Unley Park, SA, 1941)

===''HOLT''===

* [[/Bernard Molineux Holt|Holt, Bernard Molineux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQR-MJP] - 1883(NZ)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president WIA WA; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA WA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1910-1914; Osborne, 1917-1954)

* [[/Reginald Allen Holt|Holt, Reginald Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3N-2Z9] - 1906(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2HW Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1936); 2HW Tahmoor (1937-1939); 2HW Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1961; Padstow, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 297, 1930; COCP1 169, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1935); wireless officer (Tahmoor, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1954); technician (Padstow, 1963-1972)

===''HOMBERG''===

* [[/S. G. Homberg|Homberg, S. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (Malvern, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HONNOR''===

* [[/John Morten Honnor|Honnor, John Morten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNV-ZM6] - 1900(SA)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 5AE Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 192, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1941); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); instructor (Hampton, 1949; Bentleigh, 1954-1980)

===''HOOBIN''===

* [[/Laurence William Hoobin|Hoobin, Laurence or Lawrence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1X7-VMG] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939; Oakleigh, 1947; Bentleigh, 1948; South Caulfield, 1954-1956); 3AQH Melbourne (Sassafras, 1956); 4VH Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1960); 3VH Melbourne (North Clayton, 1965); 6VH Perth (Applecross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1647, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Alphington, Vic, 1927); manager (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Clayton North, Vic, 1963); retired (Applecross, Vic, 1968)

===''HOOD''===

* [[/John George Hamilton Hood|Hood, John George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G772-RK8] - 1904(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3BP Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3BP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 182, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (East St Kilda, 1925-1931); draughtsman (Toorak, 1934-1937; Malvern, 1943-1967)

===''HOOK''===

* [[/George Charles Hook|Hook, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPYK-WW5] - 1895(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XADC Sydney (Kogarah, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Bombadier, 14th Field Artillery Brigade, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: checking officer (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1933); Commonwealth Public Servant (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934-1936; Cowra, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); stipendiary magistrate (Haberfield, NSW, 1949)

===''HOOKE''===

* [[/Lionel George Alfred Hooke|Hooke, Lionel George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NK-KDV] - 1895(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 3M? Melbourne - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 529, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, early wireless experimenter, ship wireless operator (Aurora, 1914, support Shackleton's expedition), radio clubs (IRE Aust), business (AWA, senior management), honours (knighted, 1937) - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927); business manager (Neutral Bay, 1933); manager (Killara, NSW, 1936-1972) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hooke-sir-lionel-george-alfred-10536 ADB]

===''HOOKER''===

* [[/Walter Theodore Hooker|Hooker, Walter Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1W-QB5] - 1901(St Kitts)-1949(Tas) - Licences: 7JH Hobart (New Town, 1933-1939); 7JH Waddamanna (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1161, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart North, 1922); electrical engineer (New Town, 1928); electrician (New Town, 1936); engineer (Waddamanna, 1937-1943)

===''HOOPER''===

* [[/Allan Wallbank Hooper|Hooper, Allan Wallbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8M-VJG] - 1898(SA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 432, 1919; 2COCP 8, 1929; 1COCP 127, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: unemployed (Manly, NSW, 1949); telegraphist (Little Bay, NSW, 1949; Yarra Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Charles Joseph Hooper|Hooper, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY1-9ZC] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AGB Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 98, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Concord, NSW, 1943); hotel proprietor (Australian Hotel, Yass, NSW, 1949-1958); public servant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Edgar Maxwell Hooper|Hooper, Edgar Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZV-CD1] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3MM Melbourne (Burwood, 1933; Auburn, 1937-1939); 3SX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 795, 1923; 2COCP 117, 1930; 1COCP 109, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Burwood, Vic, 1931); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1954); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Ronald George Hooper|Hooper, Ronald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94J2-QS5] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5NL Adelaide (Stepney, 1947-1948; Mile End, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2395, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HOPE''===

* [[/Donald Vinten Hope|Hope, Donald Vinten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XF-VBK] - 1922(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Armadale, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1955; Blackburn, 1956; Mt Waverley, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2430, 1940, Vic; BOCP 419, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Mitcham, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lyndsay Arthur Hope|Hope, Lyndsay Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYX-575] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Tas) - Licences: 7LA Launceston (1925-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 188, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; WW2; gave up experimental callsign for use by his Class B licence, 7LA Launceston - Relationships: brother of 7RS Ronald Springfield Hope - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Launceston, 1928); bank officer (Ulverstone, 1936); accountant (Scottsdale, 1949; Bridport, 1954-1972)

* [[/Ronald Springford Hope|Hope, Ronald Springford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCW-PDG] - 1909(Tas)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 7RS Launceston (1926-1927); 7RS Hobart (City, 1931; Sandy Bay, 1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 263, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 75, 1932; ROCP N1832, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (designed &amp; constructed transmission systems for 7HO Hobart &amp; 7UV Ulverstone); later employed by STC England - Relationships: brother of 7LA Lyndsay Arthur Hope - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Queensborough, Tas, 1936); not specified (Finchley, Eng, 1936-1938); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HOPKINS''===

* [[/Edward Alfred Hopkins|Hopkins, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM4D-3QJ] - 1902(Tas)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Receive Moonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 4858, 1964 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Moonah, 1928); engineer (Milson's Point, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1949-1954); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1958-1980)

===''HOPWOOD''===

* [[/Gordon John Hopwood|Hopwood, Gordon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ3-D5Q] - 1916(WA)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7GJ Hobart (Hobart CBD, 1938-1939, 1947; New Town, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2207, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart, Tas, 1943; New Town, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''HORAN''===

* [[/Kevin John Horan|Horan, Kevin John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-FTZ] - 1912(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5DQ Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1931; Unley, 1933); 2AJU Broken Hill (1938-1939); 5DQ Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1947-1960; Grange, 1965-1969); 3ZD Melbourne (Glen Waverley, 1975); 5IT Adelaide (Fulham, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 672, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Glen Waverley, 1972-1977)

===''HORBURY''===

* [[/Alfred Albert Frank Horbury|Horbury, Alfred Albert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L71C-N81] - 1895(Vic)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XLC Bendigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 464, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); engineer assistant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1921-1922); draftsman (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); assistant engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Woolwich, NSW, 1934-1935); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1954)

===''HORN''===

* [[/David Horn|Horn, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS41-9K4] - 1909(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Tara (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2021, 1937, Qld; BOCP 578, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Somerset Dam, Qld, 1936-1937; Baralba, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); medical practitioner (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Irvan James Horn|Horn, Irvan James or James Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-GB6] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JH Perth (City, 1928, 1937-1939); 3HX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 427, 1928, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 29, 1935; 1COCP, 127, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Perth, WA, 1936-1937); wireless officer (Subiaco, WA, 1943); electrical contractor (Subiaco, WA, 1949); contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrical contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1963); retired (West Perth, WA, 1977; Subiaco, WA, 1980)

===''HORNBLOWER''===

* [[/Olaf Hornblower|Hornblower, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3D-L4P] - 1914(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMT Sydney (Moore Park, 1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2329, 1939, NSW; BOCP 333, 1940; COCP1 612, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Surry Hills, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''HORNE''===

* [[/Cecil Thomas Horne|Horne, Cecil Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ13-4GK] - 1900(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2AIK Sydney (Matraville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AIK West Wyalong (1948); 2AIK Huskinson (1950); 2AIK Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2005, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gundaroo, NSW, 1930; Quaama, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; West Wyalong, NSW, 1949); school teacher (Huskisson, NSW, 1949); no occupation (North Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Gaius John Horne|Horne, Ronald Gains or Gaius John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-77P] - 1918(Qld)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AGR Maryborough (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2316, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HORROCKS''===

* [[/George Samuel Blake Horrocks|Horrocks, George Samuel Blake]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF94-19M] - 1911(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 6GS Harvey (1932-1939, 1947-1948); 6GS Wagin (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 919, 1932, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1154, 1950; TVOCP 61, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Harvey, WA, 1936-1949); radio technician (Mt Lawley, WA, 1954); technician (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963)

===''HOSKEN''===

* [[/Arthur John Dryden Hosken|Hosken, Arthur John Dryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6KH-BX8] - 1889(Eng)-1966(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 727, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Williamstown, 1914-1919); Amalgamated Wireless (Darwin, 1922)

* [[/Stanley Victor Hosken|Hosken, Stanley Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HWQ-MGG] - 1894(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MP Receive Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3MP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923-1924; Surrey Hills, 1925-1933; Broadmeadows, 1934-1939; St Albans, 1946-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1965; Mitcham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 6, 1924, No. 2 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3AR, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, 1919-1924); electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1925-1931); senior mechanic PMGD (3AR station, Broadmeadows, 1936-1937); civil servant (3AR Station, St Albans, 1942-1954); nil (Hawthorn, 1963-1967; Mitcham, 1968)

===''HOSKING''===

* [[/Aubrey Piere Hosking|Hosking, Aubrey Piere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYV-D7R] - 1891(South Africa)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 376, 1918; 1COCP 117, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Townsville, 1919); telegraphist (South Yarra, Vic, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Canterbury, Vic, 1924); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1926; Balwyn, Vic, 1928; Lindfield, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''HOSKINS''===

* [[/John Stark Hoskins|Hoskins, John Stark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61K-FZ3] - 1891(NZ)-1987(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 147, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Claremont, WA, 1929)

===''HOURIGAN''===

* [[/James Broderick Hourigan|Hourigan, James Broderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFH-5J8] - 1909(WA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 3SG Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939); 3SG Port Fairy (1947-1948); 8DA NT (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1771, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937-1943); radio employee (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''HOUSEMAN''===

* [[/Austin Alfred Houseman|Houseman, Austin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLS-1HJ] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Epping, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 423, 1933; COCP1 326, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937; Fiskville, Vic, 1949); technician (Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Bassendean, WA, 1954-1958); manager (Radio Park, Applecross, WA, 1963); station manager (OTC Station, Doonside, NSW, 1968); manager (Doonside, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Hbrts Is, NSW, 1980)

===''HOUSTON''===

* [[/Archibald John Houston|Houston, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-L9Y] - 1905(Vic)-1965(SA) - Licences: 3NX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 999, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1927-1937); electrical fitter (Brighton, Vic, 1942); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949)

===''HOWARD''===

* [[/Earl Stephen Howard|Howard, Earl Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMV-XQL] - 1895(Tas)-1938(Vic) - Licences: 7ET Hobart (Moonah, 1928-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 470, 1928, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922; Moonah, 1928-1936)

===''HOWDEN''===

* [[/John Maxwell Howden|Howden, John Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2L-7LN] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: 3ZCH Melbourne (Burwood, 1956; Box Hill 1960-1975); 3BQX Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+) -  Qualifications: AOLCP 187, 1956; AOCP V610, 1979 - amateur operator - Relationships: son of 3BQ Walter Francis Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Walter Francis Maxwell Howden|Howden, Walter Francis Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G43K-1TC] - 1899(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: No 19 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1920); V140 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1921); 3BQ Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3BQ Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1927; Canterbury, 1928-1939 &amp; 1946-1975+); 3ABQ Melbourne (portable, &quot;Canterbury&quot;, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: AOCP 114, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, first to QSO USA; first to QSO England, first on telegraphy, then telephony; journalist (Listener In); Bright Star Crystals 1930s-1950s; QSLs: substantial portion of QSL collection survives at NFSA (1800+) - Relationships: father of 3ZCH/3BQX John Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls: student (Box Hill, 1924-1927); wireless engineer (Ringwood, 1928); engineer (Camberwell, 1931-1954) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199611.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199612.pdf EA2] - TroveTag: &quot;19-V140-3BQ-3ABQ - Walter Francis Maxwell Howden&quot;

===''HOWE''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Howe|Howe, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HW-L7X] - 1919(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Pagewood, 1957-1958; Gordon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2411, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); chartered engineer (Pagewood, NSW, 1958); engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harry Wesley Howe|Howe, Harry Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDX-TBM] - 1901(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2ABF Sydney (Kensington, 1936-1938; Auburn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1715, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Kensington, NSW, 1936-1937; Auburn, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/John Joseph Howe|Howe, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD83-QNG] - 1886(Irl)-1949(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 117, 1915; 1COCP 15, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Pinkenba, Qld, 1919; Moonah, Tas, 1922; New Town, Tas, 1928-1943)

* [[/Raymond Raine Howe|Howe, Raymond Raine &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHH-KJN] - 1919(Qld)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 4RH Bundaberg (1936-1939); 2ARH Sydney (Vaucluse, 1946-1955; Epping, 1956-1960); 3YH Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP 1812, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; 3AIR 1009, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); military (RAAF, career, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949); RAAF officer (Campbell, ACT, 1963); RAAF (Syndal, Vic, 1967); RAAF officer (Dickson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrawallee, NSW, 1980)

===''HOWES''===

* [[/John Wesley Howes|Howes, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-684] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ABS Sydney (Bondi, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1948; Oatley, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1611, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 29, 1946; BOCP 805, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1972); technician (Oatley, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HOWIE''===

* [[/Colin Robert Howie|Howie, Colin Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSQ-F2H] - 1913(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1211, 1933, SA; COCP2 39, 1935; COCP1 66, 1935 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Mile End, SA, 1939); radio officer (Rose Park, SA, 1941); radio engineer (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1943); radio operator (Glenelg, SA, 1943)

===''HOWLETT''===

* [[/Arthur Montague Howlett|Howlett, Arthur Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPZ-NWZ] - 1882(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 130, 1915; 2COCP 253, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Esperance, 1916); warrant officer R.A.N.R.S. (Thursday Island, 1919); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1925-1931; Clayfield, Qld, 1936); wireless operator (Clayfield, 1943-1954); retired (Clayfield, Qld, 1958)

===''HOWLING''===

* [[/Robert John Henry Howling|Howling, Robert John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS9-BV7] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3DM Receive Melbourne (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2382, 1939, Vic - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram employee (Melbourne North, Vic, 1928-1937; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942-1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''HOY''===

* [[/Augustus James Hoy|Hoy, Augustus or Augustine James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8LR-265] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GJ Warrnambool (1931-1933); 3GJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Port Melbourne, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 577, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924-1934); signwriter (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1937; North Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Innaloo North, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1977)

===''HUBAND''===

* [[/Ronald William Huband|Huband, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-QBG] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2RV Werris Creek (1933-1939); 2RV Broken Hill (1947-1975); 2AYN Sydney (Blackwall, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1235, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Werris Creek, NSW, 1935-1936); clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Ettalong, NSW, 1963)

===''HUBSHER''===

* [[/Lassalle Paul Hubsher|Hubscher or Hubsher, Lassalle Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWF-8DP] - 1913(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4UL Brisbane (Bulimba, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1578, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; Evans Deakin engineering - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); draftsman (Annerley, 1943-1968)

===''HUDSON''===

* [[/William Henry Hudson|Hudson, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4BR-1P4] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XBO Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914); 2PO Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2AR Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1922-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 18, 1924, No. 8 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1963) - Comment: beware, several contemporaneous WHHs - TroveTag: &quot;XBO-2PO-2AR - William Henry Hudson&quot;

===''HUEY''===

* [[/Richard Meredyth Huey|Huey, Richard Meredyth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WP-Y1Z] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1931; Cronulla, 1933-1937); 3UE Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1938-1939); 2AHU Sydney (Sylvania, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 437, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Cronulla, 1935-1937); army officer (Melbourne, 1943); engineer (West Pennant Hills, 1949; Pennant Hills, 1954; Edgecliff, 1958-1963; Sylvania, 1977-1980); retired (Mittagong, 1980)

===''HUGGETT''===

* [[/Walter Gordon Huggett|Huggett, Walter Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP24-33Y] - 1911(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3QI Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2433, 1940, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boot trade (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1954); radio technician (Northcote, Vic, 1963); radio tradesman (Whitfield, Vic, 1968); technician (Whitfield, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HUGGINS''===

* [[/David Roy Huggins|Huggins, David Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDW3-LXL] - 1892(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: organ builder (Petersham, 1913); piano maker (Neutral Bay, 1930-1968); builder (Cremorne, 1972)

===''HUGHES''===

* [[/Allan Hughes|Hughes, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLG-GNT] - 1918(NSW)-2018(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2AGR Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1939, 1946; Beecroft, 1947-1948); 2AGR Katoomba (1950); 2AGR Sydney (Ryde, 1954-1955; Wahroonga, 1956-1975); 2AGR Batehaven (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1899, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Batehaven, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Cedric Stuart Castlereagh Hughes|Hughes, Cedric Stuart Castlereagh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHLK-6H7] - 1893(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJDU Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 281, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, Vic, 1914; Brighton, Vic, 1924; South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1949)

* [[/Clive Alan Hughes|Hughes, Clive Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MV-3XQ] - 1900(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3CA Ararat (1927); 3CA Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 343, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Williamstown, Vic, 1924-1928); schoolmaster (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1963)

* [[/Ernest Weston Hughes|Hughes, Ernest Weston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P7-W4Q] - 1906(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 3VB Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 955, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1935); electrical fitter (Darebin, Vic, 1936); electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942); grower (Burleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Chinderah, NSW, 1958-1963; Kingscliff, NSW, 1968) 

* [[/George Herbert Hughes|Hughes, George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-4JB] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4HU Brisbane (Windsor, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1929, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: store keeper (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1937); branch manager (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); technician (Tarragindi, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Laurence William Hughes|Hughes, Laurence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPD-YWM] - 1910(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2QP Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Bankstown East, 1955-1961; Greenacre, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1226, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Oatley, NSW, 1931); chauffeur (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937); radio technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954); instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1963; Bankstown, NSW, 1968)

* [[/William Clarence Hughes|Hughes, William Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5M8-134] - 1889(Vic)-1941(NSW) - Licences: XFX Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rozelle, NSW, 1913); marine engineer (Arncliffe, NSW, 1933-1937)

* [[/William Morris Hughes|Hughes, William Morris &quot;Billy&quot;, &quot;The Little Digger&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/942Q-6YT] - 1862(Eng)-1952(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Australian politician, Prime Minister of Australia (1915-1923), oversight of Wireless Regulations 1922, influential in direction of wireless generally throughout his political career as well as specific broadcasting services - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Billy Hughes|Wikipedia]]

===''HUGO''===

* [[/Ronald William Stuart Hugo|Hugo, Ronald William Stuart or Stewart (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-CLZ] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KW Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Floreat Park, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2081, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1934); salesman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1963); manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1968-1977)

===''HULL''===

* [[/Allan Galbraith Hull|Hull, Allan Galbraith &quot;Braith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-PTY] - 1905(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist (Wireless Weekly, editor; Radio and Hobbies, editor 1939; Australasian Radio World, editor 1940-1950) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; 3JU Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1931); journalist (Northbridge, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1935-1936); engineer (Rose Bay, 1937); manager (Malvern, 1942); journalist (Mornington, 1949); publisher (Sandringham, 1954); printer (Oakleigh, 1958-1963; Chadstone, 1967-1968; Glen Iris, 1972; Mt Waverley, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Atherley Hull|Hull, Frederick Atherley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5M-MT9] - 1906(NZL)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6FH Pingrup (1930-1931); 6FH Port Hedland (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 6FH Perth (Claremont, 1960-1975; Nedlands, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CRPT 1139, 1929; 2COCP 271, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Perth, 1929); radio operator (Port Hedland, 1937-1954); unemployed (Claremont, 1958); technical officer (Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 6RH Raymond Alfred Hull

* [[/George Maxwell Hull|Hull, George Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LQ-S44] - 1916(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZS Melbourne (Canterbury, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2307, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, 1943); proprietor (Canterbury, 1949-1980)

* [[/Raymond Alfred Hull|Hull, Raymond Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP1-BSL] - 1908(NZ)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6RH Pingrup (1929-1931); 6RH Perth (Wembley, 1937; Mt Hawthorn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 558, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 590, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, 1934); traveller (Subiaco, 1949); sales director (Victoria Park, 1958-1963) - Relationships: brother of 6FH Frederick Atherley Hull

* [[/Ross Amos Hull|Hull, Ross Amos]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-P5W] - 1902(Vic)-1938(USA) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic Kew, president, 1923); journalist (Wireless Weekly, technical editor; QST, technical editor) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Comment: Gone too soon - TroveTag: &quot;3JU-2JU - Ross Amos Hull&quot; - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198902.pdf EA]

* [[/William Howard Hull|Hull, William Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WJ-723] - 1891(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 3JU Ross Amos Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Cobungra, 1914-1915); engineer (Armadale, 1921; Brighton, 1922-1931; Caulfield, 1934-1949); retired (Beaconsfield Upper, 1954)

===''HULME''===

* [[/Edwin Cuthbert Hulme|Hulme, Edwin Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D7-RF9] - 1918(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Sydney (Kensington South, 1934-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Undercliffe, 1946; Earlwood, 1947-1955; Carrs Park, 1956-1965); 2OZ Bulli (1965); 2EN Sydney (Carrs Park, 1969); 2EN Half Moon Reach (1975); 2EN Sydney (Marrickville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1409, 1934, NSW; COCP3 N1406, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio design engineer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943); manufacturing engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Carrs Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUMBERG''===

* [[/Stanley Garfield Humberg|Humberg, Stanley Garfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-Q6K] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924); sales (Brighton, Vic, 1926-1963)

===''HUME''===

* [[/Ernest James Hume|Hume, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYR-TZM] - 1869(Vic)-1929(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; son of James Hill Hume, father of Ernest Jeremy Hume

* [[/Ernest Jeremy Hume|Hume, Ernest Jeremy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-727] - 1906(SA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - chief engineer 5DN - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Unley, 1939-1941; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963; Carnegie, 1968-1977) - Relationships: grandson of James Hill Hume, son of Ernest James Hume and Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy

* [[/Geoffrey Vincent Hume|Hume, Geoffrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQCL-NM1] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Cremorne, 1927-1930); 2AMD Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2VR Sydney (Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 365, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Neutral Bay, 1930-1936; Mosman, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942); clerk (Turramurra, 1949); technical assistant (Pymble, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Hill Hume|Hume, James Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-SLD] - 1822(??)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - alleged very early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: father of Ernest James Hume; father-in-law of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; grandfather of Ernest Jeremy Hume 

* [[/Stella Leonora Harriet Jeremy|Hume nee Jeremy, Stella Leonora Harriet]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-33D] - 1882(Vic)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil -  radio announcer (early 5DN) - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Ernest James Hume; daughter-in-law of James Hill Hume; mother of Ernest Jeremy Hume

===''HUMPHREY''===

SEE ALSO HUMPHREYS, HUMPHRY, HUMPHRIES

* [[/George Henry Humphrey|Humphrey, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRT-13V] - 1905(???)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKW Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1947; Epping, 1948-1950; Eastwood, 1954; Concord, 1955-1958; St Ives, 1960-1965); 2AKW Forster (1969); 2NO Narara (1975); 2NO Sydney (Castle Hill, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2189, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1943); traveller (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1963; Forster, NSW, 1968; Narara, NSW, 1972); engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HUMPHREYS''===

* [[/Raymond Edward William Humphreys|Humphreys, Raymond Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB97-VFJ] - 1912(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939; Prahran, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1969; Chadstone, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2031, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Warrnambool, Vic, 1934); labourer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); storeman (Armadale, Vic, 1943); sales (Malvern, Vic, 1949); traveller (Highett, Vic, 1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1967); sales (Chadstone, Vic, 1977)

===''HUMPHRIES''===

* [[/John Malcolm Campbell Humphries|Humphries, John Malcolm Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9F3-1VH] - 1886(NSW)-1934(NSW) - Licences: XADN Muswellbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Muswellbrook, NSW, 1913-1934)

===''HUMPHRY''===

* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] - See Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood 4JH
* [[/Jack Lawrence Humphry|Humphry, Jack Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7M] - 1889(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JK Poopoonbah via Giru (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1349, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Husband of 4JH Innis Jane Lovett Humphry nee Spotswood - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Hodel, Ayr, Qld, 1912-1937; Poopoonbah, 1949-1954)

===''HUNT''===

* [[/George Percy Hunt|Hunt, George Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9BL-46V] - 1912(NSW)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6QJ Perth (Fremantle, 1965; Mosman Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1249, 1934, NSW; COCP3 W1485, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Military), Army, For courage &amp; ability as POW in Malaya, 1947; OBE (Military), Army, 1965 - Electoral Rolls: military officer (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1935-1937); AMF (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); soldier (Fremantle, WA, 1963); retired (Mosman Park, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Chapman Hunt|Hunt, Henry Chapman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJ2-PF2] - 1912(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2290, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Wongan Hills, WA, 1949; Victoria Park, WA, 1954; Wembley, WA, 1963); shopkeeper (Geraldton, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Duncraig, WA, 1972-1977); retired (Bayswater, WA, 1980)

* [[/Joseph Alexander Hunt|Hunt, Joseph Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-9MM] - 1912(WA)-2002(WA) - Licences: 6JA Perth (Maylands, 1938-1939); 6JD Perth (Rockingham, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2112, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1936; Maylands, WA, 1937-1949); retired (Rockingham, WA, 1972)

===''HUNTER''===

* [[/Alexander Dunbar Hunter|Hunter, Alexander Dunbar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPD3-C81] - 1907(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2ACO Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1937; Bondi, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Maimuru, NSW, 1930); fruit merchant (North Ryde, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bondi, NSW, 1932); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Reginald Anthony Desmond Hunter|Hunter, Reginald Anthony Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6D-GHW] - 1918(WA)-1942(Indonesia)23yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2406, 1939, WA - amateur operator?; WW2 (RAAF, Wireless Operator/Air Gunner, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=83398 RAF Commands]; [https://aircrewremembered.com/sattler-geoffrey.html Aircrew Remembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''HUON''===

* [[/Hume Furlong Huon|Huon, Hume Furlong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY25-RBY] - 1915(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3FH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939); 3AFH Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1954-1956); 2AIH Sydney (Pymble, 1958-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1951, 1937, Vic; BOCP 188, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (St Kilda Central, Vic, 1936-1937); clerk (Balwyn, Vic, 1954); life assurance (Pymble, NSW, 1958; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HUPPATZ''===

* [[/William George Huppatz|Huppatz, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWTP-DF5] - 1900(Vic)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5GW Cowandilla (1931-1933); 5GW Naracoorte (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 801, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Naracoorte, SA, 1939); engineer (Cowandilla, 1941-1943)

===''HURLEY''===

* [[/August Leslie Joseph Hurley|Hurley, August Leslie Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQ3-FXP] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1311, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: TV technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HURLL''===

* [[/Norman James Hurll|Hurll, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXC-BFF] - 1904(NSW)-2003(Qld, 98yo) - Licences: 2BC Sydney (Killara, 1924-1930); 4NJ Tallebudgera Creek (1931-1935); 2HJ Sydney (Killara, 1935-1937; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2IN?/2DKH Sydney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 96, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, CMF, CINT), business proprietor (Gas Light Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Killara, 1930); merchant (Killara, 1936-1937); soldier (Strathfield, 1943); company manager (Burwood, 1949-1963); Managing Director (Killara, 1968); Director (Killara, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BC-4NJ-2HJ-2IN - Norman James Hurll&quot;

===''HURRY''===

* [[/Ronald Bruce Hurry|Hurry, Ronald Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-G1C] - 1911(South Africa)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 693, 1930, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster?, electrical engineer (per 1939 South Africa marriage certificate) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HUSBAND''===

* [[/Norman Errol Husband|Husband, Norman Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F7-N7B] - 1893(Qld)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XABY Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 4CV Receive Charters Towers (1923); 4CV Charters Towers (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Charters Towers, 1917-1922; Mackay, 1925-1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1949-1958)

===''HUTCHINGS''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings|Hutchings, Allan Thomas Edwards]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-2TM] - 1903(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HL Receive Callawadda (1922-1923); 3HL Callawadda (1924-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: son of 3HM Elizabeth Lilian Hutchings nee Edwards; brother of 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Callawadda, 1927-1972)

* [[/Elizabeth Lilian Edwards|Hutchings nee Edwards, Elizabeth Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-25T] - 1877(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 3HM Callawadda (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 509, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1926-1942) - Relationships: mother of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings and 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - First woman in Australia to hold an amateur licence under the AOCP regime - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1925-1942) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Marjorie Lilian Hutchings|Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB52-GSC] - 1912(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Callawadda (1932-1939; 1946-1948); 3HQ Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1030, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: daughter of 3HM Elizabeth Lillian Hutchings nee Edwards; sister of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Callawadda, 1934-1937); nurse (Alfred Hospital, Prahran, 1943); home duties (Callawadda, 1949; Bentleigh, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''HUTCHINS''===

* [[/Percy Clare Hutchins|Hutchins, Percy Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V4C-JR3] - 1912(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5PH Adelaide (Willaston, 1934, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1352, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Willaston, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HUTCHINSON''===

* [[/Charles Elwood Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Charles Elwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-S6J] - 1894(Vic)-1942(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 728, 1922; 2COCP 278, 1930; 1COCP 307, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Esperance, 1919); radio telegraphist (Darwin, NT, 1922); telegraphist (Esperance, 1925-1931); radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1936-1937; Alberton, SA, 1939; Yatala, SA, 1941)

* [[/Harold Keith Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Harold Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-JK1] - 1912(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZQ Melbourne (Flemington, 1932-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 948, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Newmarket, Vic, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1943; Footscray North, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (St Kilda, Vic, 1963); retired (Mentone, Vic, 1968; Mordialloc, Vic, 1972-1977; Doncaster, Vic, 1980; Sale, Vic, 1980)

===''HUTCHISON''===

* [[/Clive Douglas Hutchison|Hutchison, Clive Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BS-WQZ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YP Sydney (Penshurst, 1935-1937; Brighton-le-Sands, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1947; Rose Bay, 1947; Homebush, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1415, 1935, NSW; BOCP 49, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Hutchison|Hutchison, John Alexander &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPTK-TQS] - 1894(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIC Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 54th Battalion, Sergeant, 1914-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1934-1980)

* [[/John Victor Thomas Hutchison|Hutchison, John Victor Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89S-PY2] - 1907(NZ)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JH Sydney (Kirribilli, 1927-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Croydon, 1946-1955; Bardwell Park, 1956-1965; Castle Cove, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 374, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1010, 1928; COCP1 137, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Milson's Point, NSW, 1930-1937); laboratory assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); radio technician (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUTSON''===

* [[/James William Hutson|Hutson, James William &quot;William&quot;, &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-Z6J] - 1912(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Echuca (1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 635, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon; Another contemporaneous JWH

===''HUTTON''===

* [[/David Hutton|Hutton, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-JXG] - 1912(Sct)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Abermain (1929-1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 551, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abermain, 1934-1963; Klworth, 1972-1977); retired (Klworth, 1980)

* [[/Harry Vardon John Hutton|Hutton, Harry Vardon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-4VK] - 1913(NSW)-2003(ACT) - Licences: 2HV Inverell (1932-1939, 1946-1947); 2HV Duntroon (1948-1955); 1HV Duntroon (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1048, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Inverell, NSW, 1935-1949); soldier (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968); army (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968-1977); retired (Chifley, ACT, 1980)

===''HYLAND''===

* [[/Leonard Philip Hyland|Hyland, Leonard Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8N6-XLK] - 1903(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: 7LP Hobart (City, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1791, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 271, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hobart Central, 1928) - Comment: Passed on Duty; Gone too soon - Links: [https://www.themercury.com.au/news/tasmania/tasmania-fire-service-chief-chris-arnol-urges-everyone-to-reflect-on-the-selflessness-of-firefighters-in-the-pursuit-of-public-safety/news-story/59c6315bbf383ef9bb4e270d60cd9296 Mercury]

=='''I'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''IKIN''===

* [[/William George Ikin|Ikin, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWFZ-C37] - 1887(NSW)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 4SM Townsville (1925-1926); 4SM Brisbane (New Farm, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 201, 1925, No. 18 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (dealer licence); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Gladstone, 1913); engineer &amp; electrician (Barcaldine, 1914); manager (Strand Motors, Townsville, 1925); motor mechanic (Mt Garnet, 1937-1949; Cardwell, 1949); farmer (Mareeba, 1954-1972)

===''INCE''===

* [[/Frederick George Ince|Ince, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTL8-9RM] - 1912(Vic)-2013(Vic)101yo - Licences: 3FG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1939; Brighton, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1047, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); accountant (Brighton, Vic, 1963); bank manager (Brighton, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''INGLIS''===

* [[/Kenneth Stanley Inglis|Inglis, Kenneth Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HJ-KZK] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (ABC); &quot;This is the ABC&quot;; &quot;Whose ABC?&quot; - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Acton, ACT, 1963; O'Connor, ACT, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Ken Inglis|Wikipedia]]; [https://halloffame.melbournepressclub.com/article/ken-inglis Australian Media Hall of Fame]; [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1031461X.2018.1493961 Obit]

* [[/Sydney David Inglis|Inglis, Sydney David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7K-DBM] - 1913(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2SQ Sydney (Enmore, 1933; Stanmore, 1935-1939; Croydon, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1121, 1933, NSW; BOCP 16, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943); factory superintendent (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954); works manager (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Campbelltown, NSW, 1980)

===''INNES''===

* [[/D. D. Innes|Innes, D. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Glebe Point, 1933-1934 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRELAND''===

* [[/George Wilbert Ireland|Ireland, George Wilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9H-D62] - 1911(Vic)-2004(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3IG Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2052, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: orchard hand (Mitcham, Vic, 1934-1954); orchardist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963; Coldstream, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Leslie Keith Ireland|Ireland, Leslie Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMD-BPV] - 1908(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5KR Mt Gambier (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 950, 1927; AOLCP 60, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633509 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721431 AWM]; [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ireland-leslie-keith-47849/ AHM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''IRESON''===

* [[/Keith Benton Ireson|Ireson, Keith Benton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQS9-PWM] - 1925(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AIR Melbourne (Templestowe, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 875, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Relationships: Son of 3ZY-3AIR Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kyneton, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954; Templestowe, Vic, 1963); engineer (Gisborne, Vic, 1967; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson|Ireson, Melville Charles Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZT-ML6] - 1898(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Kyneton (1926-1933); 3AIR Kyneton (1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 305, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918) - Relationships: Father of 3AIR Keith Benton Ireson - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Maldon, Vic, 1919); telegraphist (Ballarat, Vic, 1925); postal employee (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''IRVINE''===

* [[/Charles John Irvine|Irvine, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9SW-PQ5] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1923); 3DF Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1439, 1935, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 3TU James Forbes Irvine - Electoral Rolls: forest officer (Daylesford, Vic, 1931; Mont Park, Vic, 1934; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934-1937; St Kilda West, Vic, 1943-1954); forester (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); forest entomologist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1968; Camberwell, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Forbes Irvine|Irvine, James Forbes &quot;Boots&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCM-WFG] - 1916(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 3TU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947; Auburn, 1948; Balwyn, 1954-1956; City, 1960); 2AXQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969; Castle Cove, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1537, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VH-3DF Charles John Irvine - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); analyst (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1972); retired (Canterbury, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Irvine|Irvine, William]] - 1907(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4IR Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1987, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WIs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRVING''===

* [[/Cyril Lawson Irving|Irving, Cyril Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-65R] - 1912(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4WL Brisbane (Annerley, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1199, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Godfrey George Howy Irving|Irving, Godfrey George Howy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT2H-SPK] - 1867(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XYR Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF Major-General) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Melbourne, Vic, 1905; West Perth, WA, 1914; Brisbane North, Qld, 1917); staff corps (Kew, Vic, 1921-1937)

===''ISLES''===

* [[/James William Clifford Isles|Isles, James William Clifford &quot;Clifford&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBVH-RV1] - 1894(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CC Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1922); 4CC Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (QWI); business proprietor (Isles Love &amp; Co, Allan &amp; Stark); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1915-1937); manager (Hamilton, 1943-1958); director (Hamilton, 1963)

===''ISRAEL''===

* [[/Morris Samuel Israel|Israel, Morris Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-CBC] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XMU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913); 3ZN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924; Malvern, 1925-1926; Burwood, 1927); 3ZN Geelong, 1931-1933; 3ZN Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 13, 1924, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 35, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcasting executive; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda, 1919-1924); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1926-1928); broadcasting engineer (Geelong, 1931); engineer (Geelong North, 1936; Camberwell, 1937-1963);

===''IVES''===

* [[/Cecil Albert Ives|Ives, Cecil Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-848] - 1916(SA)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 5AF Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1451, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ives-cecil-albert-300407/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''J'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''JACKSON''===

* [[/Alfred Cecil Jackson|Jackson, Alfred Cecil &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDLP-F65] - 1900(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4AJ Brisbane (Fairfield, 1931); 2BO Bangalow (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 620, 1921; 1COCP 67, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG, Brisbane Cmcls); state public servant (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Fairfield, Qld, 1928-1931); farmer (Possum Creek, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (Fairfield, Qld, 1943-1954); farmer (O'Possum Creek via Bangalow, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Alfred George Jackson|Jackson, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5P-2X1] - 1864(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: 4DG Receive Brisbane (Wynnum, Qld, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; radio clubs (WIQ, QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer - Relationships: father of Arthur Appleton Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1903-1913); electrician (Wynnum, Qld, 1914-1934)

* [[/Arthur Appleton Jackson|Jackson, Arthur Appleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY55-M8F] - 1891(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer; business proprietor; Relationships: son of Alfred George Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Wynnum, Qld, 1913-1914; Morningside, Qld, 1915-1919; Wynnum, Qld, 1919; South Brisbane, Qld, 1921-1968); retired (Hill End, Qld, 1972; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1977; Hopetoun Home, Oxley, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Charles Joseph Jackson| Jackson, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-PQT] - 1910(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 2AIV Carool (1937-1939); 3CU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; East Oakleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2053, 1937, NSW; BOCP 299, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Piggabeen, NSW, 1930-1934; Tweed Heads, NSW, 1935; Carool, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949);  radio engineer (Oakleigh East, Vic, 1963-1967; Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Peardon Jackson|Jackson, Harry Peardon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY2-PWW] - 1887(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AHZ Sydney (Church Point, 1938-1939; Coogee, 1946-1947; Church Point, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1919); no occupation (Church Point, NSW, 1934-1968)

* [[/James William Jackson|Jackson, James William &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7FH-JCW] - 1916(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Brisbane (Cribb Island, 1938-1939; 1946-1969; Lawnton, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2096, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); military (WW2,Northern Command Signals); farmer/electrician/radio &amp; TV serviceman - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cribb Island, Qld, 1937-1968); rubber worker (Lawnton, Qld 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond George Jackson|Jackson, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-YNR] - 1913(Eng)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3PU Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939; Canterbury, 1947-1948; Middle Brighton, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1699, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tester (Williamstown, Vic, 1936); laboratory assistant (Essendon, Vic, 1942; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1967); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1972); engineer (Heidelberg West, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Thomas William Jackson|Jackson, Thomas William]] - 1830(Eng)-1918(Vic) - Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria ca 1880, clubs &amp; societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, ca 1880)

* [[/William Leslie Jackson|Jackson, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH5-SJ7] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3XM Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939, 1947-1965; Carnegie, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1361, 1934, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925-1927; Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JACOBS''===

* [[/James William Samuel Jacobs|Jacobs, James William Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-SXG] - 1902(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923); 3YM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 784, 1923 (Marconi); COCP2 319, 1931; COCP1 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1980)

* [[/Sydney S. Jacobs|Jacobs, Sydney S. (Sasoon?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP6-2XB] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1225, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ship's steward (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931)?; traveller (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); soldier (Mosman, NSW, 1949); company director (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''JAMES''===

* [[/Arthur George James|James, Arthur George or George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-B9B] - 1911(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JV Macorna (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 777, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Macorna, Vic, 1934-1937; Carlton, Vic, 1943; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949); engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1968; Box Hill, Vic, 1972); director (Croydon, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Brian Russell James|James, Brian Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLV-GXV] - 1920(SA)-1944(Europe) - Licences: 5BL Adelaide (1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 2293, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 76 Squadron RAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325112 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://highgate-rsl.org.au/afcraaf-roll/james-brian-russell-417490/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Hector Keith James|James, Hector Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-WVL] - 1905(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2XA Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923); 2XA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Ashfield, 1934; Double Bay, 1935-1936; Coogee, 1937-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Summer Hill, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 183, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Summer Hill, 1930-1933), engineer (Edgecliff, 1936; Ashfield, 1949; Summer Hill, 1943-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2XA - Hector Keith James&quot;

* [[/Herbert Ronald James|James, Herbert Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-1SM] - 1904(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Birchip (1931-1933); 3LH Drouin (1938-1939); 7LH Western Junction (1947); 7LH Launceston (1948); 3AJJ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1954); 3AJJ Lubeck (1955-1956); 3AJJ Braeside (1960); 3AJJ Rupanyup (1965-1969); 3AJJ Nowa Nowa (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 813, 1931, Vic; BOCP 17, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, 1925); fitter &amp; turner (Merbein, 1928-1931); radio engineer (Merbein, 1936); technician (Western Junction, Tas, 1949); radio engineer (Deepdene, 1954); technician (Rupanyup, 1963-1968); retired (Nowa Nowa, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. James|James, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZE via Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Reynolds James|James, Thomas Reynolds]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, worked on original Melbourne-Williamstown telegraph line 1854, later in charge of Melbourne Telegraph Office, but transferred to inspectorial work in 1879 due to disorganisation, reinstated in 1880)

===''JAMIESON''===

* [[/Charles William Jamieson|Jamieson, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4SY-YNQ] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XJW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 3CJ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1926); 3XX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 130, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1921-1925); mechanic (Malvern, 1926-1968)

* [[/John Edward Jamieson|Jamieson, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-M43] - 1910(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6LA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1930-1933); 6LA Kalgoorlie (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 673, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1936-1937); salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1943); radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954)

===''JANSEN''===

* [[/Claude Harold Jansen|Jansen, Claud or Claude Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-9TN] - 1890(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: V751 Receive Yarrawonga (1922); 3GW Receive Yarrawonga (1922)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: printer (Yarrawonga, 1913-1922); linotype engineer (Yarrawonga, 1924-1931); printer (Shepparton, 1934-1937); linotype operator (Albury, 1937-1949); engineer (Albury, 1954-1968)

===''JARDINE''===

* [[/William Ronald Jardine|Jardine, William Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZC-T63] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PR Melbourne (Essendon, 1929-1933); 3PR Leongatha (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 533, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 108, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Craigieburn, 1934); dairy farmer (Leongatha, 1937-1954); salesman (Leongatha, 1963-1980)

===''JARMAN''===

* [[/Oswald Arthur Jarman|Jarman, Oswald Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-K6Y] - 1894(SA)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 162, 1915; 1COCP 37, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1921-1922); telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1928); supervisor (Bentley, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''JARVIS''===

* [[/Vincent Jack Edwin Jarvis|Jarvis, Vincent Jack Edwin &quot;Victor&quot;, &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2K-6FP] - 1912(WA)-1941(Libya) - Licences: 2VJ Orange (1930-1933); 2VJ Dubbo (1934); 2VJ Wellington (1935-1936); 2VJ Bathurst (1937); 2VJ Griffith (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 695, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 46, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (2VJ Wellington); broadcast engineer (2BS, 2RG); WW2 (RAAF, Rathmines Flying Boats Base, Palestine, Egypt, Libya) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wellington, 1936), radio engineer (Bathurst, 1937), wireless operator (Rathmines, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633817 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''JEBB''===

* [[/Thomas Keith Jebb|Jebb, Thomas Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MW78-HHC] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1861, 1937, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Creswick, Vic, 1919-1920); technical school teacher (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1922-1924); electrical engineer (Launceston West, Tas, 1928-1954)

===''JEFFES''===

* [[/Stephen Gregory Jeffes|Jeffes, Stephen Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5J-P7V] - 1888(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAE Sydney (Bankstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (5th Ambulance Brigade, 1916-1919); WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bankstown, NSW, 1913); farmer (Carool, NSW, 1934-1936); banana inspector (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937); civil servant (Macksville, NSW, 1943-1949); inspector (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''JEFFRYES''===

* [[/Sydney Harry Jeffryes|Jeffryes, Sydney Harry]] - 1884(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: X?? Brisbane - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; ship's wireless operator; member of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-1914 - Links:

===''JEFFS''===

* [[/Vincent Jeffs|Jeffs, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-4M8] - 1912?(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4VJ Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1933; City, 1934-1939, 1946; Gordon Park, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 753, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio cub (WIAQ, life member, lecturer, code instructor, field days, JOTA, conventions, operator 4WI); business proprietor (Jeffs Radio) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1934; New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1937); radio manufacturer (New Farm, Qld, 1943); salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1949); businessman (Gordon Park, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''JENKIN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Jenkin|Jenkin, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5NC-6HK] - 1911(Vic)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3CM Melbourne (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 965, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1937-1943); draftsman (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''JENKINS''===

* [[/Edward Harry Jenkins|Jenkins, Edward Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBQ8-YK2] - 1916(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939); 3QK Churchill Island (1947); 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1862, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Churchill Island, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''JENNER''===

* [[/John Henry Jenner|Jenner, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Y9-64Z] - 1877(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 7BM Receive Premaydena (1923); Receive Premaydena (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 2ABM John Ingoldsby Jenner - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Lindisfarne, 1914); orchardist (Koonya, 1919-1928); Xray technician (Double Bay, NSW, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935)

* [[/John Ingoldsby Jenner|Jenner, John Ingoldsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKY4-7S2] - 1904(Eng)-1980(???) - Licences: 2ABM Sydney (Maroubra, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1194, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BM John Henry Jenner - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Haberfield, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935); telephone engineer (Maroubra, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, 1943-1954; Revesby, 1968); retired (Turramurra, 1972); engineer (Revesby, 1980)

===''JENNISON''===

* [[/James Crosby Jennison|Jennison, James Crosby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRWZ-JB6] - 1923(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5JJ Adelaide (Black Forest, 1947; Enfield, 1954-1960); 1JN Canberra (Hughes, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2432, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For courage &amp; tenacity on two operational tours, 1945 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hughes, ACT, 1972-1980)

* [[/Joseph William Jennison|Jennison, Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS7-316] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 2JJ Mathoura (1928-1939); 2MX Mathoura (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 414, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 4th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Comment: Licences in the name of his father John William Jennison but most likely son was operator, father passed in 1942 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mathoura, NSW, 1930-1949; Echuca, Vic, 1954; Deniliquin, NSW, 1958); nil (Echuca, Vic, 1963)

===''JENSEN''===

* [[/Jens August Jensen|Jensen, Jens August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQM-1MX] - 1865(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Minister for Navy (1915-1917) - Comment: famously dismissed for corruption in respect of purchase of Shaw Wireless Works in 1916 - Electoral Rolls: licensed victualler (Beauty Point, Tas, 1914-1919); orchardist (Beauty Point, Tas, 1919-1922); no occupation (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936) - Links: [[w:Jens_Jensen_(politician)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/jensen-jens-august-6840 ADB]

* [[/Laurence Richard Hopkins Jensen|Jensen, Laurence or Lawrence Richard Hopkins &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-MJ1] - 1906(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: 7BL Receive West Devonport (1923); Receive West Devonport (1923-1924); 7LJ Launceston (1925-1939, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 78, 1925, Tas; BOCP 215, 1939; 1AOCP 9, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW@ (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (New Town, 1928); teacher (New Town, 1936-1972)

===''JENVEY''===

* [[/Henry Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, Henry Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QJ-7TS] - 1851(Eng)-1932(Vic) - Licences: AA Melbourne 1900; X?? Melbourne - early wireless experimenter, arguably his use of the identifier AA was the first use of an Australian callsign; arguably Australia's first amateur operator as the majority of his experiments were self-funded and in his own time - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - employment (Vic P &amp; T; PMGD) - Relationships: father of 3WW William Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, 1909); public servant (Caulfield East, 1919-1931)

* [[/William Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, William Walter &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QV-9GL] - 1904(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 3AY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927; Ormond, 1931-1938); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1939); 3AY Melbourne (Ormond, 1947); 2ZO Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1969); 2ZO Noosa Heads (1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 824, 1924; 1COCP 68, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of Henry Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1927); operator (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1972); nil (Nelligen, NSW, 1977; Noosa Heads, Qld, 1980)

===''JEPSON''===

* [[/Reginald Raymond Jepson|Jepson, Reginald Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-WX5] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2064, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1949); public servant (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1968; Highett, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JEREMY''===

* [[/John Jeremy|Jeremy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-GSZ] - 1897(NSW)-1957(ACT) - Licences: XFE Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1934-1943); bank manager (Deakin, ACT, 1949-1954)

===''JERRARD''===

* [[/Frederick Joseph Jerrard|Jerrard, Frederick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB43-BKT] - 1899(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4DR Receive Gayndah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Gayndah, 1921-1930); motor mechanic (Gayndah, 1936-1937); engineer (Indooroopilly, 1943-1963)

===''JESSOP''===

* [[/Patrick Ferman Jessop|Jessop, Patrick Ferman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QN-8HV] - 19??(Eng?)-19??(Qld?) - Licences: 4PJ Kamma (1925-1927); 4PJ Cairns (Hambledon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1(RFC) - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Edmonton, 1922-1930); weigh bridge clerk (Hambledon, 1936-1943)

===''JEWELL''===

* [[/Thomas John Jewell|Jewell, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYD-YH1] - 1905(WA)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6CA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1927); 6JJ Kalgoorlie (1930-1931); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 876, 1925; 1COCP 129, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1937); radio inspector (Victoria Park, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949); inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1954-1963)

===''JINKS''===

* [[/Edwin William Jinks|Jewell, Edwin William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPM6-6JD] - 1914(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HX Broken Hill (1931-1939); 2ADJ Broken Hill (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 830, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 202, 1938; COCP1 355, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1943); senior communications officer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963); public servant (Broken Hill, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Broken Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''JOHNSON''===

* [[/Andrew Keith Johnson|Johnson, Andrew Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54J-MQ2] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2NJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1969; Padstow, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1157, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Inconsistency death &amp; licensing dates needs further investigation - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1934); hospital attendant (Punchbowl, NSW, 1936-1968); retired (Padstow, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Arthur Johnson|Johnson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD7-X12] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4PX Brisbane (Hendra, 1938-1939; Ascot, 1946-1948; Hendra, 1954-1975), 4PX Buddina Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2093, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF, Signals) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AJs - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth public servant (Hendra, Qld, 1968) + others

* [[/Arthur Lester Johnson|Johnson, Arthur Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB87-RR1] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FL Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1960; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 53, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3XH-3JW Stanley William Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1954; Box Hill South, Vic, 1963); traffic policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968); policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Carl Francis Johnson|Johnson, Carl Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH8T-HSH] - 1899(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); 7AR Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 218, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: federal servant (West Hobart, 1922-1954)

* [[/Colin Wymess Johnson|Johnson, Colin Wymess or Wemyss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYF-8GK] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AJC Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939); 2YJ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1946-1955; CBD, 1956-1961; Merewether, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2080, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954); manager (Merewether, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Norman Johnson|Johnson, Edward Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM4W-MLQ] - 1886(Vic)-1960(USA) - Licences: Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3ZO Warrnambool (1923-1924); 3ZO Horsham (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, 1909); manager (Wonthaggi, 1914); draper (Newtown, 1917); traveller (Geelong, 1919)

* [[/H. B. Johnson|Johnson, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1926); 5HB Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 252, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - common surname, individual not yet identified

* [[/Ivo Uric Johnson|Johnson, Ivo Uric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VV-H8S] - 1903(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4KL Cairns (1933-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 813, 1924; 2COCP 668, 1942; 1COCP 655, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1936-1963) 

* [[/John Eric Johnson|Johnson, John Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PS-MYR] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936); 2AFZ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1492, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre employee (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1968)

* [[/Joseph Murray Johnson|Johnson, Joseph Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YM-M5N] - 1889(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 113, 1915; 1COCP 200, 1931 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Geraldton, 1915-1917); radio expert (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield, 1937); engineer (Longueville, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Turramurra, 1954-1963); retired (Strathfield, 1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1977; Wauchope/Yrrs, 1980)

* [[/Leonard Waring Johnson|Johnson, Leonard Waring]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG7-CK6] - 1916(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3YF Melbourne (Deepdene, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 968, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/S. Johnson|Johnson, S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Mudgee (1925-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley William Johnson|Johnson, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-D8W] - 1908(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Sale (1937-1939); 3JW Melbourne (Burwood, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1954, 1937, Vic; BOCP 654 or 64, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FL Arthur Lester Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1933); radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1936-1937); soldier (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); engineer (Balwyn North, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''JOHNSTON''===

* [[/George Daniel Johnston|Johnston, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQB-K36] - 1905(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1279, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Parkville, Vic, 1927-1931); engineer (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); draftsman (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/H. B. Johnston|Johnston, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Johnston|Johnston, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-39X] - 1908(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 3ST Benalla (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 819, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Benalla, Vic, 1936-1937); meteorologist (Newport, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Lane Cove, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Norman Brint Johnston|Johnston, Norman Brint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-K7F] - 1913(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6NJ Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1933; Subiaco, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 642, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Subiaco, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Maylands, 1943-1968; Mt Lawley, 1972-1977)

* [[/Robert Walter Johnston|Johnston, Robert Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDS-FHJ] - 1914(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LQ Brisbane (Petrie Terrace, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1270, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1936-1937); no occupation (Ingleburn, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1963)

* [[/William Carlyle Johnston|Johnston, William Carlyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P3-L4J] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Grafton (1935-1936); 2CJ Coffs Harbour (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2CJ Sawtell (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1479, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1936); mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1937-1943); radio engineer (Sawtell, NSW, 1949); joiner (Sawtell, NSW, 1954); carpenter (Sawtell, NSW, 1958-1968); radio mechanic (Sawtell, NSW, 1973-1977)

* [[/William David Johnston|Johnston, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-3RY] - 1909(Irl)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2YZ Sydney (Ryde, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Gladesville, 1950; Matraville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 616, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 323, 1931; 1COCP 398, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1943); radio engineer (Gladesville, NSW, 1949; Matraville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOHNSTONE''===

* [[/H. D. Johnstone|Johnstone, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JONASSON''===

* [[/Roy Peter Jonasson|Jonasson, Roy Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KPW-ZL1] - 1908(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4NG Alberton (1931-1933); 7NG Derwent Park (1937-1939); 3ND Castlemaine (1946-1969); 9NG, PNG; 4NE Brisbane (Kingston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 827, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, QRP Club, RAAF Wireless Reserve, Qld Listeners' League); employment (Qld State Electricity Commission) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Castlemaine, 1942-1972); retired (Kingston, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''JONES''===

* [[/Alfred Ernest Jones|Jones, Alfred Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61R-CTW] - 1894(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 241, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Comment: not all electoral roll entries identified, several contemporaneous AEJs; Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1917-1922)

* [[/David Owen Jones|Jones, David Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-HV6] - 1916(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3ED Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1937-1939, 1947; North Essendon, 1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1916, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942); draughtsman (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/David William Jones|Jones, David William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DJ Brisbane (Chelmer, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 683, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous DWJs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chelmer, 1925-1931); engineer (Holland Park, 1958)? 

* [[/Donald Atkinson Jones|Jones, Donald Atkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSN-327] - 1911(NSW)-2000(SA) - Licences: 2SF Wollongong (Austinmer, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 398, 1932; COCP1 147, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Austinmer, NSW, 1932-1937; Flinders Island, Tas, 1949)

* [[/George Edward Jones|Jones, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2F-D9R] - 1903(???)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); Crystal Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1923); 2GJ Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1934; Naremburn, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Bondi, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1053, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Zetland, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); motor driver (Bondi, 1943-1949) 

* [[/Harold Jones|Jones, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-RSJ] - 1906(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AGG Speers Point (1937-1938, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1926, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HJs - Electoral Rolls: shiftman (Boolaroo, NSW, 1937); bus conductor (Speers Point, NSW, 1943-1949)

* [[/Lancelot Cyril Jones|Jones, Lancelot Cyril &quot;Lance&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L3-2LS] - 1891(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: XVB Adelaide (Hawthorn, 1913-1914); 5BQ Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1923-1924); 5DN Adelaide (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; co-founder 5DN commercial Adelaide - Electoral Rolls: manager (Broadway Estate, 1939-1943)

* [[/Leslie Jones|Jones, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY84-XVZ] - 1909(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1482, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Paul Alfred Jones|Jones, Paul Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-CJT] - 1920(Tas)-2013(Tas)93yo - Licences: 7PJ King Island (Grassy, 1939, 1947-1948); 7PJ Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1954-1975; Hobart City, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2256, 1939, Tas; BOCP 579, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954); engineer (Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Edward Jones|Jones, Raymond Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL9R-FLM] - 1900(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3RJ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1928; Box Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 407, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Newmarket, 1921); public servant (Ascot Vale, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Box Hill, 1931-1943); supervisor (Box Hill, 1949-1963); retired (Box Hill, 1968-1980)

* [[/Robert Harold Jones|Jones, Robert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPF-BKS] - 1896(Wales)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AHF Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Canley Vale, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1960, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1931; Rockdale, NSW, 1933); engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1934); motor mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1935-1943); technician (Edensor Park, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Rothney Bray Jones|Jones, Rothney Bray &quot;Roth&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN43-9N4] - 1918(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3BG Bendigo (1936-1939, 1947); 3BG Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1948-1975; Abbotsford, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1696, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1967-1972; Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley William Jones|Jones, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-BPL] - 1917(Vic)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 3SF Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1953, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army, Signalman, 6 Division Signals) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1687469] - Comment: Another Stanley William Jones died in WW2, Flight Sergeant, 626 Squadron - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Vernon Marshall Jones|Jones, Vernon Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-5YM] - 1913(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3YE Colac (1947-1948); 3YE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1954-1960; Box Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2347, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: welder (Caulfield, Vic, 1935-1937); technical assistant (Colac, Vic, 1943); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-68; Box Hill North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Jones|Jones, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NB-Z8F] - 1914(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2PY Sydney (Marrickville, 1930-1933); 2RS Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1939); 2WP Sydney (Bexley, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 652, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 57, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of William Daniel Jones - Electoral Rolls: tramway employee (Sydenham, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1949-1972); telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980) - Comment: Another contemporaneous Walter Henry Jones in Sydney b.1915 m.Edith

* [[/William Daniel Jones|Jones, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGX-G5N] - 1910(Wales)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1614, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2PY-2RS-2WP Walter Henry Jones - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Sydenham, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1934); upholsterer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1935-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1963; Marrickville, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/W. R. Jones|Jones, W. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EK Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JORDAN''===

* [[/James Jordan|Jordan, James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-VNQ] - 1903(Sct)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4JJ Ipswich (1933); 4JJ Bundaberg (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1162, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); senior military (RAAF, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: striker (West Ipswich, Qld, 1932); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1934-1937)

* [[/Lawrence Jordan|Jordan, Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-N6K] - 1934(Vic)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Figtree (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1578, 1957; AOCP 3758, 1958, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Figtree, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Robert Jordan|Jordan, Robert]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 4, 1914, No. 4 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system - commercial operator; coastal station operator? - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Robert Frederick Jordan|Jordan, Robert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8TB-KWK] - 1898(Vic)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 3IL Gabo Island (1935-1939); 7IL Currie (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1529, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 24th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Relationships: Father of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan &amp; 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: returned soldier (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1919); plumber (Coburg, Vic, 1921-1928; Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1931; Cape Everard, Vic, 1934); lightkeeper (Gabo Island, Vic, 1936-1937; Cape Schanck, Vic, 1942; Currie, Tas, 1954); no occupation (Currie, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Robert Edward Jordan|Jordan, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-677] - 1929(Vic)-2008(Tas) - Licences: 3AKJ Melbourne (North Aspendale, 1965-1975); 7JR Currie (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1564, 1963; AOCP 4202, 1964, Vic - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); telephone technician (Carrum, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JOSCELYNE''===

* [[/Robert Alan Joscelyne|Joscelyne, Robert Alan &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4NC-8JD] - 1908(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AJO Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1938; Cheltenham, 1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2215, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); traveller (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1936-1937); agent (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); manager (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOUGHIN''===

* [[/E. G. Joughin|Joughin, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALI Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Maxwell Joughin|Joughin, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-1LR] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3BR Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1948; Pakenham, 1954); 3BR Tangambalanga (1955-1965); 4JU Buderim (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 152, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1937; Packenham East, Vic, 1954; Tangambalanga, Vic, 1963-1967); no occupation (Buderim, Qld, 1968); trundler (Buderim, Qld, 1972); labourer (Forest Glen, Qld, 1977)

===''JOYCE''===

* [[/Victor Stanley Joyce|Joyce, Victor Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9K8R-3RQ] - 1920(Eng)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEN Sydney (Five Dock, 1936-1939; Drummoyne, 1946; Collaroy, 1947-1955; Dee Why, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1709, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); photographer (Collaroy, NSW, 1949-1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''JUDD''===

* [[/Clarence Harvey Judd|Judd, Clarence Harvey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVF-9XS] - 1920(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5HQ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3374, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Oswald William Judd|Judd, Oswald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVX-X56] - 1896(SA)-1934(SA) - Licences: XVF Adelaide (North Norwood, 1913); Receive Adelaide (Payneham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JULSTEDT''===

* [[/E. Julstedt|Julstedt, E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4JD Daru, PNG (1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JUNK''===

* [[/Gerhardt Philip Junk|Junk, Gerhardt Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FL-3W8] - 1896(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XACX Sydney (Sans Souci, 1913-1914); 2AZ Receive Sydney (Sans Souci, 1922-1923); 2EY Sydney (Sans Souci, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, 1289, 1934, NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Sans Souci, NSW, 1930-1935); tram conductor (Sans Souci, NSW, 1937-1943)

=='''K'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''KANE''===

* [[/John Leslie Kane|Kane, John Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LT-K1L] - 1910(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4ZZ Toowoomba (1939, 1947-1954); 4ZZ Harlaxton (1955); 4ZZ Rockhampton (1956); 4ZZ Brisbane (Northgate, 1960; Lawnton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2335, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); senior state public servant (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Roma, Qld, 1931-1937); railway clerk (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954); QGR clerk (Northgate, Qld, 1958; Lawnton, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KARPPINEN''===

* [[/Karl Horace Karppinen|Karppinen, Karl Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J6-WST] - 1917(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2157, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KAUFMAN''===

* [[/Samuel Donald Kaufman|Kaufman, Samuel Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6X-937] - 1904(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SK Sydney (Belmore, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 448, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1980)

===''KAUPER''===

* [[/Henry Alexis Kauper|Kauper, Henry or Heinrich Alexis &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXZ-WYQ] - 1888(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: S643 Adelaide (1921-1922); 5BG Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923-1926; Tusmore, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 97, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; inventor - Electoral Rolls: chauffer (Willaura, Vic, 1910); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1931-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;S643-5BG - Henry Alexis Kauper&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kauper-henry-alexis-harry-6898 ADB]

===''KAYESS''===

* [[/Sydney Kayess|Kayess, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYG-NHD] - 1892(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Cooktown, 1917); engineer (Hendra, Qld, 1919); engine driver (Charleville, Qld, 1921); mechanic (Mossman, 1925); motor mechanic (Watchem, Vic, 1928); auto engineer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930); garage manager (New Lambton, NSW, 1930; Foveaux, NSW, 1933); engineer (Forest Lodge, NSW, 1935-1937); labourer (Darlinghurst, 1937; Glenmore, NSW, 1943); mechanical engineer trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); engineer (Manly North, NSW, 1958)

===''KEANE''===

* [[/John Patrick James Keane|Keane, John Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V5-P25] - 1903(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JN Cessnock (1930-1931); 2JN Sydney (Millers Point, 1931); 2JN Cessnock (1933-1936); 2JN Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939; McMahons Point, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 698, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Darling Harbour, 1930); clerk (Cessnock, 1931-1932; Newcastle, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1937; McMahons Point, 1943-1949; North Sydney, 1958-1963)

===''KEAST''===

* [[/Leslie John Keast|Keast, Leslie John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2QP-J6X] - 1886(SA)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Journalist (Wireless Weekly; shortwave editor, Australasian Radio World, 1940-1951; Radio &amp; Hobbies), professional monitor (OWI/VOA, WW2); silent era cinematographer - Electoral Rolls: licensed victuallar (Royal Hotel, Bowral, 1933-1934); ex-hotelkeeper (Coogee, 1935); clerk (Randwick North, 1936-1937); sales manager (Carlingford, 1943); organising secretary (Ermington, 1949-1958)

===''KEATING''===

* [[/Thomas Joseph Keating|Keating, Thomas Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVD-862] - 1902(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Mentone,1938-1939); 3KW Melbourne (Mentone, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2128, 1938, Vic; COCP1 512, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1931-1934; Mentone, Vic, 1936-1968)

===''KEDDIE''===

* [[/Phillip Robert Keddie|Keddie, Phillip Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-1T7] - 1921(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5KZ Adelaide (Woodville Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1882, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: AMF (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

===''KEILLOR''===

* [[/William Keillor|Keillor, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-YNZ] - 1902(???)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KW Geelong (West Geelong, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 895, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1928-1954); nil (Geelong West, Vic, 1963)

===''KEITH''===

* [[/Gordon Harold Keith|Keith, Gordon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCL-2BW] - 1919(Qld)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 4EK Brisbane (Hill End, 1947-1955); 5EK Adelaide (Clarence Park, 1956); 3AFK Melbourne (East Malvern, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2446, 1940, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Hill End, Qld, 1941-1954); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); A.R.A. (Narrabundah, ACT, 1963); farmer (Ingleside, Qld, 1968); public servant (Torrens, ACT, 1968-1980)

===''KELLS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Edward Kells|Kells, Alfred Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTMT-7D3] - 1900(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 2430 Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Moonee Ponds, 1921-1925); mechanic (Essendon, 1928-1954)

===''KELLY''===

* [[/Alexander Wainwright Kelly|Kelly, Alexander Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP6-G6V] - 1908(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Largs Bay (1923); Receive Largs Bay (1923); 5AW Lyndoch (1927-1939); 5XO Loxton (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 358, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur Broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: winemaker (Berri, 1939-1943)

* [[/Kenneth Melville Kelly|Kelly, Kenneth Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-LVP] - 1915(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3LL Melbourne (Carlton, 1937-1939); 7MF Maritime Mobile Auxiliary Ketch Matthew Flinders, Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1947); 7LL Hobart (CBD, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1965); 4MJ Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1969-1975); 2MJ Merimbula (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1854, 1937, Vic; COCP3 1236, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Queens College, Carlton, Vic, 1937); medical practitioner (Newtown, Tas, 1943-1958; Rio Vista, Qld, 1969-1972; Merimbula, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Patrick James Kelly|Kelly, Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CD-8LM] - 1909(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4KB Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954-1955; Camp Hill, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2393, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Comment: Several contemporaneous PJKs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Dutton Park, Qld, 1934-1937); civil servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949; Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ross Donaldson Kelly|Kelly, Ross Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7BG-2PR] - 1906(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5LW Adelaide (Unley, 1937-1939; Hazelwood Park, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2032, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assurance agent (Dulwich, 1941-1943)

===''KELSO''===

* [[/Andrew John Bruce Kelso|Kelso, Andrew John Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-8R3] - 1915(NSW)-2014(ACT)98yo - Licences: 2AGF Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938); 2WK Cooma (1955-1969); 8AC Nhulunbuy (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1683, 1936, NSW; BOCP 30, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Awards: OBE (1959, for services as radio officer, Snowy Mountains Authority) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943); wireless operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); orchardist (Valley Heights, Molong, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Cooma, NSW, 1958-1963); communications officer (Cooma, NSW, 1968); technical officer (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1972); radio technician (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1977-1980)

* [[/Graham Kelso|Kelso, Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXH-9DH] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EL Receive Brisbane (Nundah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1958); technician (Brisbane, Qld, 1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Thomas Kelso|Kelso, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HQX-4GF] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 979, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937); chemist (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1963)

===''KEMBLE''===

* [[/Frederick John Kemble|Kemble, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8WY] - 1915(SA)-1939(WA) - Licences: 6FJ Katanning (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1673, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith's striker (Katanning, WA, 1937)

===''KEMP''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Kemp|Kemp, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-PYS] - 1910(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4YA Yangan - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1466, 1935, Qld; BOCP 110, 1937; 2COCP 123, 1937; 1COCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Swanfels, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Joseph Edward Kemp|Kemp, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-NWV] - 1918(Tas)-1991(WA) - Licences: 7RZ Devonport (1937-1939); 7RZ Launceston (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1847, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Como, 1949); radio officer (Esperance, 1954-1958; Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

===''KEMPSTER''===

* [[/Frederick Kempster|Kempster, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVPC-NHM] - 1900(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: 5KM Darwin (1929-1931); 8KM Darwin (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 543, 1929, No. ?? in NT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Fullarton, 1934); supervisor (Fullarton, 1939-1943)

===''KEMPTON''===

* [[/Gordon Kempton|Kempton, Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSD-PJS] - 19??(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2CI Sydney (Kings Cross, 1935-1938); 2CI Newcastle (Merewether, 1939, 1946-1965); 2CI Sydney (Sylvania Waters, 1969); 2BCI Sydney (Kogarah, 1965); 4XX Brisbane (Yeronga, 1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1935; Merewether, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Yeronga, Qld, 1969-1972)

===''KENDERDINE''===

* [[/Clifford Walter Kenderdine|Kenderdine, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYR-H3J] - 1917(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WP Melbourne (Kew, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1203, 1933, Vic; BOCP 226, 1939; COCP1 380, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1943-1954); engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1967-1968); radio engineer (Lorne, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''KENNA''===

* [[/Vernon Francis Kenna|Kenna, Vernon Francis &quot;Vern&quot; / &quot;Marconi&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1D-4ZV] - 1908(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 4DE Receive Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1924); 4FK Brisbane (Hamilton, 1926-1939); 2JR Sydney (Middle Cove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 301, 1926, No. 29 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (PMGD); radiocommunications engineer; senior public servant (PMG, ABC2); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1954); engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1963; Killara, 1963; Middle Cove, 1968-1972; Willoughby, 1977-1980)

===''KENNEDY''===

* [[/Peter Kennedy|Kennedy, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKD-8Q7] - 1874(Vic)-1945(SA) - Licences: XYD Perth (City, 1913-1914); 6AM Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923-1927); 5AM Adelaide (City, 1928; Unley, 1931; New Parkside, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; senior federal public servant (PMG, concluding as Deputy Postmaster-General SA); WW1 - Awards: Imperial Service Order - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, 1903; Mt Lawley, 1910-1921); State Engineer (Maylands, 1925-1926); civil servant (New Parkside, 1939-1943)

* [[/M. Kennedy|Kennedy, M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EP Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 
* [[/Walter Donald Kennedy|Kennedy, Walter Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBRG-1WB] - 1869(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1926; Willoughby, 1927-1929); 2WK Helensburgh (1930-1933); 2WK Sydney (East Sydney, 1934); 2WK Wallerawang (1935); 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 121, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Murrumburrah, 1913; Helensburgh, 1930-1932); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); clerk in Holy Orders (Rockdale, 1936-1949)

===''KENNY''===

* [[/Edmund Francis Kenny|Kenny, Edmund Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MB-R3M] - 1903(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2EK Sydney (Lewisham, 1927-1928; Croydon, 1929; Ryde, 1930-1931; Granville, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2EK Wentworthville (1950-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 373, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1930); clerk (West Ryde, 1930-1933); engineer (Granville, 1935-1949); radio engineer (Wentworthville, 1954-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, 1972-1977)

* [[/Ferris Hope Kenny|Kenny, Ferris Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMQ-C17] - 1921(NSW)-2012(NSW) - Licences: 2AFK Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1834, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Earlwood, NSW, 1943-1958); accountant (Campsie, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''KEOGH''===

* [[/William George Keogh|Keogh, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJ4-H7G] - 19??(???)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ZA Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923; Stanmore, 1924-1925); licensed operator 2AG Grace Bros Broadway  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick North, 1943-1958)

===''KERBY''===

* [[/Edwin Thomas John Kerby|Kerby, Edwin Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM72-SFL] - 1888(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 7EK Ringarooma (1932-1939); 3KK Melbourne (Auburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 940, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (Major) - Awards: Military Star 1914-1915; British War Medal, Victory Medal; MBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Ballarat, 1909); restaurant keeper (Brunswick, 1914); electrical engineer (Richmond, 1914-1917); grazier (Ballarat, 1919); farmer (Linton, 1922); grazier (Fawkner, 1924-1925); engineer (St Kilda, 1943; Auburn, 1949-1968) - Links: [[w:Edwin Kerby|Wikipedia]]

===''KERKIN''===

* [[/Edward James Kerkin|Kerkin, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97PM-NZH] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939); 2ME Sydney (Epping, 1948-1958); 1ME Canberra (HMAS Harmon, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1388, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cycle builder (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); RAN (Epping, NSW, 1949-1963); naval officer (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1968); RAN (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''KERMOND''===

* [[/Leslie John Kermond|Kermond, Leslie John &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W7-Y88] - 1912(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Warrnambool (1928-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 417, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 182, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Warrnambool, 1936-1937); engineer (Swan Hill, 1942); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1949-1980)

===''KERNICK''===

* [[/Percy Edwin Kernick|Kernick, Percy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7S-JW1] - 1888(NSW)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6PK Perth (South Perth, 1927-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 378, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Sandstone/Mt Magnet, 1910); telegraphist (Brown Hill/Kalgoorlie, 1917; South Perth, 1925-1963)

===''KERR''===

* [[/Alfred Dixon Kerr|Kerr, Alfred Dixon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-ZKF] - 1910(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AL Ballarat (1926-1939, 1946-1960); 3JQ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 284, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 18, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, 1931-1968); retired (Hawthorn, 1977)

* [[/Allan Arthur Kerr|Kerr, Allan Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4S-W8R] - 1913(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2AFD Sydney (Thurgoona, 1936-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1826, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thurgoona, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Malvern, Vic, 1949); public servant (Malvern, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frank John Kerr|Kerr, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4H-5HB] - 1918(Eng)-2000(USA) - Licences: 3FK Melbourne (Canterbury, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1705, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio physicist (Cammeray, NSW, 1943; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); physicist (Turramurra, NSW, 1954-1963); radio astronomer (North Manly, NSW, 1963-1968) - Links: [[w:Frank John Kerr|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P001716b.htm EOAS]; [https://baas.aas.org/pub/frank-john-kerr-1918-2000/release/1 BAAS Biography]

* [[/Frederick Charles Kerr|Kerr, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HG-C7L] - 1921(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3AJK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2385, 1939, Vic; COCP2 1096, 1947; COCP1 1215, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Hilton Kerr|Kerr, Hilton &quot;Andy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J3-PB1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936; Darling Point, 1937-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1330, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Manly, NSW, 1930-1935); chauffeur (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Roy Kerr|Kerr, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-SBX] - 1917(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4DK Winton (1937-1939); 4DK Brisbane (Tingalpa, 1946-1951) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1941, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Relationships: brother of Vernon Lester Kerr 4LK - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Vernon Lester Kerr|Kerr, Vernon Lester &quot;Vern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-MCW] - 1912(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4LK Winton (1932-1933); 4LK Cloncurry (1937-1939, 1946-1948); 4LK Charters Towers (1954-1969); 4LK Charleville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 800, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; COCP 1941, amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, Soc Wireless Pioneers USA); employment (RFDS, technical officer / controller / announcer) - Relationships: brother of Roy Kerr 4DK - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1977); technician (Charleville, Qld, 1977)

===''KHAN''===

* [[/Kullandar Jallander Khan|Khan, Kullandar Jallander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX89-VLY] - 1916(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4QA Cairns (1937-1939, 1947); 4DC Cairns (1948-1960); 4DC Brisbane (New Farm, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1979, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 4QA may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 4QA Cairns - Electoral Rolls: picture theatre operater (Cairns, Qld, 1943); radio serviceman (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); tv technician (New Farm, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''KIDMAN''===

* [[/Charles Henry Arthur Kidman|Kidman, Charles Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5J3] - 1894(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 22, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1917); warehouse manager (Narabeen, NSW, 1930-1937); company representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); salesman (Harbord, NSW, 1949-1954); laboratory assistant (Harbord, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Ian McIvor Kidman|Kidman, Ian McIvor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD7Q-7N2] - 1915(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5JK Naracoorte (1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1163, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KIERNAN''===

* [[/Gerard Stanislaus Kiernan|Kiernan, Gerard Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXL-DG6] - 1923(Ireland)-2009(Aus) - Licences: 9GK Port Moresby (1960); 3ER Fiskville (1965); 2BGK Bringelly (1969-1975); 2BGK Moree (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (overseas?) - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: technical officer (Moree, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KIESINGER''===

* [[/Hans Kiesinger|Kiesinger, Hans]] - 19??(Switzerland?)-aft 2004(Qld) - Licences: HS1ALK, VK4/HE9RFF - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; broadcast listener - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified, lived Ghana (1950-1952); Thailand (1953-1979) &amp; Switzerland (1980-1994); may have returned to Switzerland prior to passing

===''KILBORN''===

* [[/Ernest Harrold Kilborn|Kilborn, Ernest Harrold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-Z4N] - 1908(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 883, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Not applicable) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''KILBY''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Kilby|Kilby, Raymond Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-9VD] - 1918(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7RK Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1461, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1568, 1957; 1COCP 1862, 1958; 2COCP T1, 1977 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Launceston, 1943-1972)

===''KILGARIFF''===

* [[/Joseph Kilgariff|Kilgariff, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-XBD] - 1886(NSW)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5JT Adelaide (Burnside, 1937-1939; Erindale, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1884, 1937, SA; 2COCP 325, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Boulder, WA, 1910-1912); builder (Alice Springs, NT, 1934; Burnside, SA, 1939); RAAF (Leabrook, SA, 1943)

===''KILPATRICK''===

* [[/James George Kilpatrick|Kilpatrick, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9F-HYX] - 1884(Eng)-1962(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State Engineer (PMGD, 1920s, 1930s); oversight of new 6WF 1932 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1916; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1917-1919); State engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1936); civil servant (West Perth, WA, 1937); electrical engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1954); retired (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''KILSBY''===

* [[/Keith Wilbur Kilsby|Kilsby, Keith Wilbur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCHP-4ZS] - 1912(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5PR Moorak (1933); 5PR Birdwood (1938); 5PR Wiltyerong via Murray Bridge (1947); 5PR Mingary via Murray Bridge (1948); 5PR Murray Bridge (1954); 5PR Adelaide (Payneham, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 419, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Birdwood, SA, 1939; Wiltyerong, SA, 1941-1943);

===''KIMPTON''===

* [[/Francis William Kimpton|Kimpton, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXZ-6PV] - 1897(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAAZ Grafton (1913-1914); 2BN Receive (1922-1924); 2BN Ballina (1925-1931); 2ABR Byron Bay (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 209, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1930-1932); clerk (Byron Bay, 1935-1936); shipping clerk (Byron Bay, NSW, 1937-1943); clerk (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1954; Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''KING''===

* [[/Charles Calvert King|King, Charles Calvert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQT-4R1] - 1885(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 105, 1915; 2COCP 155, 1930 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1914); warrant telegraphist (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1921-1925); music teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1930); musician (Clovelly, 1931; Rose Bay, 1932-1933); librarian (Woollahra, 1934); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935); Model Maker (Watson's Bay, 1936-1937)

* [[/Fred Esmond King|King, Fred Esmond (Electoral Rolls)  or Esmonde (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-81C] - 1896(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CQ Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Bulliwallah, Qld, 1919-1963)

* [[/Frederick Venn King|King, Frederick Venn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJHN-MV3] - 1888(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Cunnamulla (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1909); grazier (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1913-1921); not stated (Warrambah Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1925); grazier (Barrington Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1930-1954); retired (Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Norman Stanley King|King, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4V-4FT] - 1904(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2SZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1937; Neutral Bay, 1938; Cremorne, 1939); 2AEQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1954; Auburn, 1954-1955; North Sydney, 1956-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 866, 1931, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1937); tram employee (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); controllerman (Auburn, NSW, 1954)

===''KINGSLEY''===

* [[/John Kingsley|Kingsley, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7M-Q6R] - 1912(Aus)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACF Sydney (Artarmon, 1938-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1975; Sydney CBD, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2230, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1968); practitioner (Cremorne, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINGWELL''===

* [[/William Hercules Kingwell|Kingwell, William Hercules]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB)

===''KINNEAR''===

* [[/Henry Kinnear|Kinnear, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-9FV] - 1902(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3IO Receive Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1922); 3KN Melbourne (Brighton, 1932-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948; South Yarra, 19541960; Mt Eliza, 1965-1969); 3AKN Portable Melbourne (Toorak, 1948; South Yarra, 1954-1956); 4AVJ Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 944, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Prahran, Vic, 1924); manager (Prahran, Vic, 1925-1928); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937; South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1967-1968; Toorak, Vic, 1972); company director (Buderim, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''KINSCHER''===

* [[/Ernest Walter Dawes Kinscher|Kinscher, Ernest Walter Dawes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHP2-SLV] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2ADL Nyngan (1936-1937); 2ADL Parkes (!938); 2ADL Werris Creek (1939); 2ADL Sydney (Alexandria, 1946; Marrickville, 1947-1950; Lidcombe, 1954-1969; Baulkham Hills, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1729, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Bourke, NSW, 1936); railway employee (Nyngan, NSW, 1937; Bushman's Hill, Parkes, NSW, 1937); clerk (Alexandria, NSW, 1943; Petersham, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1968; Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINSELLA''===

* [[/Hector Thomas Kinsella|Kinsella, Hector Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-XN9] - 1912(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6HK Perth (Hollywood, 1930; East Perth, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 641, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (South Perth, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1943); pharmacist (Perth, 1949; Narrogin, 1954-1958; Applecross, 1963; Ardross, 1968-1972; Booragoon, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Wade Kinsella|Kinsella, Thomas Wade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8P2-TSG] - 1904(Vic)-2001(NSW)96yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Lubeck (1923); 3TK Lubeck (1924-1926); 3TK Rupanyup (1937-1939); 2FK Sydney (Rose Bay, 1946; Herne Bay, 1947; Sans Souci, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1992, 1937, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 532, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lubeck, 1927-1936); RAN (Sans Souci, 1949-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3AKW William Jennings Kinsella

* [[/William Jennings Kinsella|Kinsella, William Jennings]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PG-S8S] - 1914(Vic)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3AKW Lubeck (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 498, 1943; 2AOCP 55, 1946 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Magdala, Lubeck, 1936-1972; Lubeck, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3TK-2FK Thomas Wade Kinsella

===''KINZBRUNNER''===

* [[/Harry Charles Kinzbrunner|Kinzbrunner, Harry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-SZM] - 1903(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4HK Cloncurry (1929-1931); 4HK Mareeba (1933); 4HK Tully (1937-1939); 4HK Atherton (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 474, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), employment (Australian Inland Mission, QATB) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malanda, 1937); electrical engineer (Ashgrove, 1943); radio mechanic (Atherton, 1943); refrigeration &amp; electrical contractor (Atherton, 1949-1972); electrical contractor (Atherton, 1977-1980)

===''KIRBY''===

* [[/Donald Stewart Kirby|Kirby, Donald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRP7-SQW] - 1915(Eng)-2011(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ALX Orange (1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2268, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Ewan Russell Kirby|Kirby, Ewan Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4R1-4J7] - 1885(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: XZB Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; First set 1909 communicated with M. Harvey; employed Hydro-electric Dept - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1914-1919); engineer (Hobart West, 1922-1936)

* [[/Terence Patrick Kirby|Kirby, Terence Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZC-RYJ] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Kew, 1948-1955; Kilsyth, 1956; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2271, 1939, Vic; COCP1 440, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Centenary Medal, For service to the community through politics, 2001 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical contractor (Lower Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1958); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963); manager (Blackburn South, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''KIRKBY''===

* [[/Brian Kirkby|Kirkby, Brian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (early wireless experimenters, Edward Hope Kirkby, Archibald John Shaw), great grandson of Edward Hope Kirkby

* [[/Charles Edward Kirkby|Kirkby, Charles Edward]] - 1886(Vic)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of George Gill Kirkby

* [[/Edward Hope Kirkby|Kirkby, Edward Hope]] - 1853(At sea)-1915(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, father of George Gill Kirkby and Charles Edward Kirkby

* [[/George Gill Kirkby|Kirkby, George Gill]] - 1884(Vic)-1916(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of Charles Edward Kirkby

===''KIRKE''===

* [[/Basil Everald Wharton Kirke|Kirke, Basil Everald Wharton &quot;B.K.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6NX-FFQ] - 1893(NSW)-1958(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; chief studio announcer/Uncle &quot;Bas&quot; (2BL); manager, 6WF; manager 9PA (1946); manager (ABC, Victoria, 1936) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Subiaco, 1931; Perth, 1934-1936; Melbourne, 1937-1943; Perth, 1954) - Links: [[w:Basil_Kirke|Wikipedia]];[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kirke-basil-everald-wharton-10751 ADB]

===''KIRKLAND''===

* [[/John Booth Kirkland|Kirkland, John Booth]] - 1861(Vic)-1900(Vic) - Licences: - Qualifications: - early telephone experimenter, Melbourne, Geelong &amp; Ballarat

===''KIRKPATRICK''===

* [[/J. Kirkpatrick|Kirkpatrick, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DP Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KISSICK''===

* [[/Alfred Leslie Hawthorn Kissick|Kissick, Alfred Leslie Hawthorn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9D-7LL] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3KB Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1933; East Coburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1965); operator 3CR Coburg Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 141, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963);

===''KITTO''===

* [[/Thomas Collingwood Kitto|Kitto, Thomas Collingwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCKM-W8G] - 1903(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7?? Launceston (1928); 5JR Adelaide (Tusmore, 1931); 2JR Newcastle (1933); 2JS Newcastle (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 425, 1928, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 43, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Launceston, 1928); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1935; Ulverstone, Tas, 1937); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Prahran, 1949); retired (Deception Bay, 1972)

===''KLING''===

* [[/John Robert Kling|Kling, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQZ-B4W] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1928; South Camberwell, 1931; Hawthorn East, 1933; Hampton, 1937-1939); 3AJQ Melbourne (Seaford, 1954-1955; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1956; Frankston, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 403, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1933; Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1949); radio sound engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1954); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''KNAPTON''===

* [[/Carlo Patrick Knapton|Knapton, Carlo Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DQR-R5C] - 1879(Irl)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - wireless trader (WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as vice-president, Wireless Traders Assoc, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1914); lighting engineer (South Perth, 1921-1954) 

===''KNEIPP''===

* [[/James Henry Kneipp|Kneipp, James Henry &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5R-YBH] - 1875(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Morningside, Qld, 1905); railway employee (Morningside, Qld, 1908-1917; Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1958)

===''KNELL''===

* [[/Clive Thomas Burrows Knell|Knell, Clive Thomas Burrows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-S8S] - 1896(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XJDC Melbourne (Windsor, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Windsor, Vic, 1917-1919); farmer (Bunyip North, Vic, 1921-1924); student (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925-1926); clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1927); civil servant (Kew, Vic, 1928-1967) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1796935 AWM]

===''KNIGHT''===

* [[/John Knight|Knight, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVSF-KKZ] - 1916(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Sydney (Lakemba, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1500, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Lakemba, NSW, 1937)

* [[/Rupert Keith Knight|Knight, Rupert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-Z5W] - 1898(Qld)-1934(Qld) - Licences: 4RK Toowoomba (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1919); bank clerk (East Toowoomba, 1925-1926); not specified (East Toowoomba, 1928-1932)

===''KNOCK''===

* [[/Donald Brader Knock|Knock, Donald Brader &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWWR-L62] - 1898(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 1911 Manchester; G6XG London (1924-1926); 2NO Sydney (Cremorne, 1926-1927; Vaucluse, 1927; Kirribilli, 1928; Randwick, 1929); 6NK Wyndham (1930-1931); 2NU Portable Sydney 1935-1939; 5NO Portable Central Australia; 2NO Sydney (Waverley, 1946-1966) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 335, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2MO); radiocommunications engineer; journalist (Wireless Weekly, Radio in ANZ, Radio Monthly, Australian Radio News, Bulletin, Australasian Radio World); military (WW1 - Royal Naval Air Service, WW2 - AIF lieutenant-major) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, 1930); radio journalist (Waverley, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Waverley, 1935-1963)

===''KNOWLES''===

* [[/Henry Carlisle Maddison Knowles|Knowles, Henry Carlisle Maddison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Q8-642] - 1901(NSW)-1945(ACT) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 653, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Woolahra, 1933; Kingston, ACT, 1935-1943)

===''KNYVETT''===

* [[/Edmund Lawrence Knyvett|Knyvett, Edmund Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH1-RTC] - 1912(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1540, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: banker (Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1937); bank official (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1963); bank officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1972; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''KOETS''===

* [[/Carolus Gerbrandus Koets|Koets, Carolus or Charles Gerbrandus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBWB-3MQ] - 1890(Netherlands)-1982(Netherlands) - Licences: 2GK Bredalbane (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sydney CBD, 1934; Dunedoo, 1935; Newtown, NSW, 1936; Erskinville, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Lewisham, NSW, 1937); poultry farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1943); carpenter (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954; Enmore, NSW, 1958); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1958; Annandale, NSW, 1963; Redcliffe, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''KOGLIN''===

* [[/Merton Herman Koglin|Koglin, Merton Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6NG-SM2] - 1894(Tas)-1967(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1948-1955; Lindisfarne, 1956-1960; South Hobart, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2346, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Queenstown, Tas, 1919); joiner (Hobart, Tas, 1922; Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Forest Lodge, NSW, 1931; Toxteth, NSW, 1933-1934; Hobart, Tas, 1936-1943); carpenter (Hobart, Tas, 1949-1954; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1958; Hobart, Tas, 1963)

===''KOSSECK''===

* [[/Edwin Frederick Kosseck|Kosseck, Edwin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-VTG] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Geelong (Belmont, 1930-1933); 3AKE Geelong (Newport, 1947; Belmont, 1948-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 705, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Newport, Vic, 1943); gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''KRAEGEN''===

* [[/Carl W. J. Kraegen|Kraegen, Carl W. J. &quot;Charles&quot;]] - 1831?(Germany?)-1871(NT) - Licences: - Qualifications: - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, SA Posts &amp; Telegraphs), telegraph operator (Ballarat, Portland), developed an early system of explosive detonation by battery, tragically died of thirst during the construction of the Overland Telegraph

===''KRUGER''===

* [[/Francis Augustine Kruger|Kruger, Francis Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJZ-58H] - 1907(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Receive Charlton (1922-1923); 3HE Charlton (1924-1925); 3AI Charlton (1935-1939); 3AI Strathmore (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1541, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Charlton, 1928-1937); cinema operator (Charlton, 1942); executive (Essendon, 1949-1968; Strathmore, 1977-1980)

=='''L'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''LABY''===

* [[/Thomas Howell Laby|Laby, Thomas Howell]] - 1880(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - frequent lecturer on wireless topics to WIA Vic in the 1920s; education (BA Cambridge 1905, PhD Cambridge 1921); employment (University of Sydney, 1901-1904; Cavendish Laboratory, 1905; Professor Physics, Victoria University College, Wellington, 1909; Professor Natural Philosophy, University of Melbourne, 1915-1930+); Royal Society of Victoria (president, 1924)

===''LACK''===

* [[/Francis James Lack|Lack, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCQH-WJR] - 1876(NSW)-1949(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Sandgate, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Warwick, Qld, 1903; Tiaro, Qld, 1905-1906; Maryborough, Qld, 1908); fish agent (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1916); accountant (Sandgate, Qld, 1917-1949)

===''LAFFERTY''===

* [[/John Austral Lafferty|Lafferty, John Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-XGQ] - 1913(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 3JZ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1934-1937); 3JZ Yarram (1938-1939); 3JZ Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1969); 2OL Bermagui (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1284, 1934, Vic; BOCP 1672, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1935-1947) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1936); mechanic (Kyabram, Vic, 1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942-1972); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LAHEY''===

* [[/John Wesley Lahey|Lahey, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKRX-KPL] - 1850(Irl)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: sawmill proprietor (Clayfield, Qld, 1908-1909); sawmiller (Clayfield, Qld, 1913-1936)

===''LAIDLER''===

* [[/Thomas Laidler|Laidler, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1KG-31L] - 1904(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5TL Ceduna (1937-1939, 1947); 5TL Largs Bay (1948); 5TL Renmark (1954-1960); 5TL Adelaide (Glandore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1934, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Ceduna, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LAKE''===

* [[/Eric James Lake|Lake, Eric James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDFZ-CKK]- 1906(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4EL Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1946-1948); 4EL Clevedon (1954-1956); 4EL Townsville (Belgian Gardens, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 54, 1931; AOCP 966, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, instructor); broadcast technician (4QN); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943-1949; Townsville, Qld, 1954-1963);

===''LAKER''===

* [[/Frank John Federal Laker|Laker, Frank John Federal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1V2-P8Q] - 1899(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Deniliquin (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1925); clerk (Bondi, 1935-1937); accountant (North Rocks, 1954)

===''LALOR''===

* [[/Peter Fintan Lalor|Lalor, Peter Fintan]] - 1827(Irl)-1889(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Leader of the Eureka Stockade; Postmaster-General Victoria (Aug 1875-Oct 1875)

===''LAMB''===

* [[/A. D. Lamb|Lamb, A. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DK Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Joseph Wiseman Lamb|Lamb, James Joseph Wiseman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-49X] - 1876(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 119, 1915; 1COCP 264, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Relationships: father of Harry Spencer Lamb - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); radio station master (Townsville, Qld, 1921); wireless (Malvern, Vic, 1927);  superintendent (Toorak, Vic, 1928-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Harry Spencer Lamb|Lamb, Harry Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-SQY] - 1906(WA)-1984(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcaster - Relationships: son of James Joseph Wiseman Lamb - Electoral Rolls:

===''LAMBART''===

* [[/John Mark Lambart|Lambart, John Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-9DB] - 1902(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3WN Sea Lake (1934-1939); 3WN Ballarat (1947-1948); 3WN Sebastopol (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1283, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Ararat, Vic, 1924; Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1937; Soldiers Hill, Vic, 1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949; Sebastopol, Vic, 1954-1977)

===''LAMBERT''===

* [[/Francis Redmond Lambert|Lambert, Francis Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBP-N7Z] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Alphington, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 59, 1932; COCP2 397, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Alphington, Vic, 1934-1967; Fairfield, Vic, 1972); translator (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1977); clerk (Yallambie, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Frank Clayton Lambert|Lambert or Mason, Frank Clayton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-761] - 1908(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6FL Perth (South Perth, 1929-1931); 6FL Geraldton (1933); 6FL Perth (Wembley, 1937-1939; Subiaco, 1947); 3AFL Bairnsdale (1948); 6FL Perth (Claremont, 1954-1956; Bassendean, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 503, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: picture employee (South Perth, WA, 1931); projectionist (Albany, WA, 1934); sound projectionist (East Fremantle, WA, 1936); projectionist (Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Subiaco, WA, 1943-1949); dealer (Claremont, WA, 1954); radio dealer (Bassendean, WA, 1958-1980)

===''LAMPARD''===

* [[/Edward Geoffrey Lampard|Lampard, Edward Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD76-BTK] - 1897(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIQ Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Australian Flying Corps (WW1, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); mechanical engineer (Killara, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954; Stanwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Brighton le Sands, NSW, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIQ - Edward Geoffrey Lampard&quot;

===''LANCE''===

* [[/George Basil Lance|Lance, George Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G182-WVT] - 1920(Vic)-2015(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3DS Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2286, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); radio repairer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949); radio retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954-1968); retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1977); retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1980)

===''LANE''===

* [[/Cyril Herbert Dodson Lane|Lane, Cyril Herbert Dodson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWYS-VSB] - 1888(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XDM Sydney (1909-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: born Cyril Herbert Dodson - Relationships: brother-in-law of Charles Dansie Maclurcan - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/248422 VWMA] -  {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leslie Sydney Lane|Lane, Leslie Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9Y-FKC]- 1892(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XGE Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 2LL Sydney (Randwick, 1926-1928); 2LL Weethalle (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 699, 1946 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Weethalle, NSW, 1930-1943); electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949); charge hand (Abbotsford, NSW, 1954-1963);

* [[/Robert William Lane|Lane, Robert William &quot;Bobby&quot; or Tex Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSXW-HM7] - 1916(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[Tex_Morton|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/morton-tex-15027 ADB]

* [[/Ronald William Lane|Lane, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D2-RRV] - 1919(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (East Prahran, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2274, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Armadale. Vic, 1949-1967; Prahran, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''LANG''===

* [[/Henry Bryan Lang|Lang, Henry Bryan &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9B-4PP] - 1903(Vic)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6HL Perth (Claremont, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2098, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1925); radio mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1972)

===''LANGAN''===

* [[/Harold Francis Langan|Langan, Harold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX1-DJM] - 1905(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 40, 1931; AOCP 773, 1931, NSW; COCP2 412, 1932; COCP1 729, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Clovelly, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Clovelly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Waverley South, NSW, 1936; Randwick North, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Lavender Bay, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); radio operator (Kensington, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Buff Point via Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''LANGENSCHIED''===

* [[/Ernest Carl Hamilton Langenschied|Langenschied, Ernest Carl Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8Z-JMY] - 1895(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6EL Geraldton (1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2180, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bassendean, WA, 1931); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1936); kitchenhand (Bayswater, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Bassendean, WA, 1943)

===''LANGFIELD''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Langfield|Langfield, Harold Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-3D6] - 1893(Wales)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4CO Brisbane (Rosalie, 1935-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1572, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: club steward (Rosalie, Qld, 1934-1977; Paddington, Qld, 1980);

===''LANGFORD-SMITH''===

* [[/Fritz Langford-Smith|Langford-Smith, Fritz]] - 1904(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - electronics designer (AWA); author (Radiotron Designers Handbook); journalist (Radiotronics) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198908.pdf EA]

===''LANGHANS''===

* [[/Ron Langhans|Langhans, Ron]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcasting); author (First Twelve Months of Broadcasting)

===''LANGRIDGE''===

* [[/George David Langridge|Langridge, George David]] - 1829(Eng)-1891(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Postmaster-General Victoria in early 1880s

===''LAPTHORNE''===

* [[/Horace Charles Lapthorne|Lapthorne, Horace Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W8-STK] - 1900(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1924); 2HL Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1938; Lane Cove, 1939; Artarmon, 1948-1969); 2HL Noraville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 422, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943-1968); retired (Noraville, 1972)

===''LARSEN''===

* [[/Herbert Peter Christian Larsen|Larsen, Herbert Peter Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36L-GHQ] - 1901(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4JW Charters Towers(1928-1937); 4JW Cairns (1938-1939, 1947-1956); 4JW Charters Towers (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 439, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: brewery hand (Charters Towers, 1925-1936); engine driver (Cairns, 1943-1954; Charters Towers, 1958-1968)

===''LARSSON''===

* [[/Gustaf William Larsson|Larsson, Gustaf William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTD-55K] - 1902(Tas)-1992(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 92, 1932; AOCP 3275, 1952 - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hobart West, 1928-1936)

===''LATHWELL''===

* [[/Arthur George Couzens Lathwell|Lathwell, Arthur George Couzens]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH3-G9L] - 1911(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AL Bunbury (1935-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1467, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician's assistant (Bunbury, WA, 1936-1937); electrician (Bunbury, WA, 1943-1980)

===''LAUNDER-CRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge|Launder-Cridge, Wilfred Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-S5L] - 1899(Eng)-1960(Tas) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Brooklyn Park, 1928); 3QZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3UU Melbourne (Essendon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 200, 1930; 1COCP 120, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon North, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cambridge, Tas, 1943); OIC, DCA (Forrest, WA, 1958)

===''LAURENCE''===

* [[/John Henry Laurence|Laurence, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-YKV] - 1916(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MZ Adelaide (Malvern, 1933-1939); 3PF Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1948); 3PF Benalla (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1164, 1933, SA; 1COCP 118, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Ceduna, 1941-1943); farmer (Wellington, Benalla, 1949-1963; Benalla, 1967-1980)

===''LAURENSON''===

* [[/Sydney John Laurenson|Laurenson, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52L-GZL] - 1913(NSW)-1998(WA) - Licences: 2IS Sydney (Bexley, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 395, 1932; COCP1 291, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:  engineer (East Perth, WA, 1943); technician (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); manager (South Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Doubleview, WA, 1958-1963); radio officer (Doubleview, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Doubleview, WA, 1980)

===''LAURIE-RHODES''===

* [[/Melbourne Clive Laurie-Rhodes|Laurie-Rhodes, Melbourne Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-6K1] - 1915(Qld)-1997(NZ) - Licences: 4XU Brisbane (Hendra, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1353, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hendra, Qld, 1936-1937)

===''LAVER''===

* [[/Charles Poynton Laver|Laver, Charles Poynton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JBH-SNC] - 1882(Eng)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5CP Cape Borda (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Lightkeeper (Cape Borda, SA, 1939; Edithburgh, 1941-1951)

===''LAVINGTON''===

* [[/Frederick Morgan Eric Lavington|Lavington, Frederick Morgan Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJM-ZC9] - 1903(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 2ZC Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1923); 2ZC Sydney (Waverley, 1923; Bondi, 1924-1925; Mosman, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Manly, 1930); engineer (Strathfield, 1932; Ashfield West, 1935-1936); electrical engineer (Ashfield West, 1937); engineer (Kensington, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1972)

===''LAVRICK''===

* [[/Otto Arthur Lavrick|Lavrick, Otto Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4T-Z91] - 1878(???)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6AV Receive Perth (Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1917); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1937; Norseman, WA, 1943); retired (Maylands, WA, 1954)

===''LAWLESS''===

* [[/Frank Alexander Lawless|Lawless, Frank Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-XVF] - 1883(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XDT Sydney (Enmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Pioneer, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: tram-driver (Enmore, NSW 1913; West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2067936 Embarkation Roll]

===''LAWRIE''===

* [[/Kevan Alic Lawrie|Lawrie, Kevan Alec or Alic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRS-5YP] - 1915(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5AK Adelaide (Lockleys, 1936-1939; York, 1947-1948; Lockleys, 1954-1965; Brooklyn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1602, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lockleys, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LAW''===

* [[/F. W. Law|Law, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923); 6CZ Perth (Armadale, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''LAWS''===

* [[/David Andrew Laws|Laws, David Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-FW5] - 1909(Qld)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 829, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Commando) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taringa, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/635901] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Sidney Frank Henry Laws|Laws, Sidney Frank Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6ZT-GBH] - 1893(NZ)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 6, 1914, No. 6 in Aus and Vic - commercial operator; coastal station operator; manager 7ZL (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 7ZL) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Wireless Station, Townsville, 1915); farmer (Launching Place, 1918); electrical engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1919); engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1919-1924); manager (Launceston, 1928); company manager (Double Bay, NSW, 1930-1931)

===''LAWTON''===

* [[/Alexander Kyle Lawton|Lawton, Alexander Kyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-FWT] - 1889(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD), radio clubs (QWI, member), business (movie theatres, Amico), WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowoomba, 1913; Wynnum South, 1915-1916); manager (Windsor, 1919); engineer (Nundah, 1925-1928); manager (Townsville, 1936-1937; Nundah, 1943-1949); manufacturer's agent (Virginia, 1954-1958); company director (Ashfield, 1963); sales manager (Ashfield, 1968-1977)

===''LEADBITTER''===

* [[/James Henry Leadbitter|Leadbitter, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP1-3V1] - 1882(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Receive West Wyalong (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (Darlington, 1903); mechanic (West Wyalong, 1913); cycle mechanic (West Wyalong, 1930-1943)

===''LE CORNU''===

* [[/Oswald Charles Cornu|Le Cornu, Oswald Charles &quot;Blue&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99TF-H5V] - 1898(NSW)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 2GK Bellingen (1931-1933); 2GK Lismore (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 795, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, Howitzer Brigade, Signals School, 1916-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: car-driver (Bellingen, NSW, 1930-1932); electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1937); PMG Linesman (Casino, NSW, 1943); lineman (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1968)

===''LEAL''===

* [[/Athol Frederick James Leal|Leal, Athol Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Y-WXN] - 1914(SA)-2000(???) - Licences: 5LQ Adelaide (Magill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2310, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: improver (Magill, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LEANEY''===

* [[/William Gregory Leaney|Leaney, William Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-JF9] - 1895(SA)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923); 3XN Melbourne (Northcote, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Northcote, 1919-1954); driver (Coburg, 1963-1977); nil (Preston, 1980)

===''LEARMONTH''===

* [[/Lionel Pearson Learmonth|Learmonth, Lionel Pearson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNK-M9F] - 1890(Vic)-1934(At Sea) - Licences: 3PL Hamilton (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Drowned when Ketch was wrecked near New Years Island, Tasmania - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1912-1917); auctioneer (Hamilton, Vic, 1919-1931)

===''LEBER''===

* [[/David Leber|Leber, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-847] - 1905(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Richmond, 1929-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 481, 1929, Vic; COCP3 45, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1942); salesman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949)

===''LECKIE''===

* [[/Herbert Crockett Leckie|Leckie, Herbert Crockett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-QQN] - 1927(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 1170, 1947 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond Campbell Leckie|Leckie, Raymond Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2Q-ZZV] - 1904(Vic)-1987(ACT) - Licences: 3TU Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923); 3TU Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 215, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Sandringham, 1926); public servant (Braddon, 1935; Turner, 1943-1968); examiner of patents (Hughes, 1972); retired (Hughes, 1977-1980)

===''LEE''===

* [[/Francis Henry Samuel Lee|Lee, Francis Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LB-9NX] - 1892(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Bowral (1930); 4FI Kaparoko, Papua (1933); 2FL Glenbrook (1934); 2FL Sydney (Strathfield, 1935-1937); 4LF Misima, Papua (1938); 2LE Sydney (Brookly, 1946-1947; Dolans Bay, 1948-1950; Kogarah Bay, 1954-1955); 2LE Avoca Beach (1956-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 43, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Harris Park, NSW, 1913); storekeeper (Glenbrook, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Brooklyn, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Avoca Beach, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/George Lister Lee|Lee, George Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNC-NFY] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AGD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1937-1938; Birmingham Gardens, 1939, 1946-1958; Kahibah, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1893, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Birminham Gardens, NSW, 1943-1958); turner (Kahibah, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LEE-ARCHER''===

* [[/Evan Leslie Lee-Archer|Lee-Archer, Evan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2K-F3W] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931); 3LM Wonthaggi (1933); 3LM Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1937; Malvern East, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 534, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1933); radio engineer (Korumburra, Vic, 1934); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1935); mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937)

===''LEGGE''===

* [[/Arthur William Legge|Legge, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9MJS-QKM] - 1906(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ulverstone, 1928); no occupation (Hobart South, 1936); zinc worker (Hobart East, 1943); farmer (Cullenswood, 1949-1954)

===''LE GRAND''===

* [[/Sydney Walter Le Grand|Le Grand, Sydney Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQDD-D57] - 1902(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4LG Brisbane (Windsor, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 882, 1925; 2COCP 34, 1929; 1COCP 151, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Windsor, 1925-1926); operator (Woollahra, 1931-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1949; Bondi Junction, 1954-1968); retired (Banora Point, 1972-1977)

===''LELLIOTT''===

* [[/Harvey William Lelliott|Lelliott, Harvey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8D-LNT] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3ZG Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939; Sunshine, 1947-1956; McKinnon, 1960); 3ZG Ararat (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1769, 1936, Vic; TVOCP 571, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Sunshine, Vic, 1942-1954); public servant (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963); PMG technician (Ararat, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Lelliott|Lelliott, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-4PX] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3ZW Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1930-1939); 3AZW Melbourne (Boronia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 684, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 68, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Mont Albert, 1937); operator (Caulfield, 1942); public servant (Boronia, 1963-1980)

===''LEMMON''===

* [[/Charles Edward Lemmon|Lemmon, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-Z21] - 1885(Eng)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 95, 1915; 2COCP 120, 1930; 1COCP 71, 1930 - coastal wireless operator; WW2; RANRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1915); officer-in-charge Wireless Station (Rockhampton, 1916-1921); radio telegraphist (Applecross, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); wireless operator (Broome, 1937); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1943-1949); retired (Rivervale, 1954-1963)

===''LEMPRIERE''===

* [[/Charles Louis Lempriere|Lempriere, Charles Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Y-NPS] - 1857(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Vermont, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: surgeon (South Yarra, 1912-1919); medical practitioner (Vermont, 1924-1934)

===''LENDRUM''===

* [[/Alexander Lendrum|Lendrum, Alexander &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NZ-Y5Y] - 1887(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Sydney (Kensington, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1913); yardman (Toowoomba, 1921); constable (Kensington, 1930-1937)

===''LE NEVEZ''===

* [[/Arthur Le Nevez|Le Nevez, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C2-J6C] - 1913(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2LN Sydney (Annandale, 1933-1939); 2LN Lord Howe Island (1947-1954); 2LN Sydney (Bradfield Park, 1955; West Pymble, 1956-1980+); 2ABA Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1092, 1933, NSW; COCP1 85, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Annandale, NSW, 1934-1936); aeradio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Pymble, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''LENNON''===

* [[/Christopher James Lennon|Lennon, Christopher James &quot;Chris&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJL3-LZF] - 1889(Vic)-1932(Aus) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 4, 1929 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916-1917); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1925); telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1931)

===''LENON''===

* [[/Robert John Fitzmaurice Lenon|Lenon, Robert John Fitzmaurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WJ-1FK] - 1903(NSW)-1979(ACT) - Licences: 2TV Cowra (1935-1939); 2TV Canberra (Turner, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1515, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cowra, NSW, 1930-1937); joiner (Turner, ACT, 1949-1977)

===''LEONARD''===

* [[/Aubrey Benedict Leonard|Leonard, Aubrey Benedict]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-N4X] - 1896(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Receive Drouin (1922-1923); 3EN Drouin (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 244, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Drouin, 1922-1928); radio dealer (Drouin, 1931-1954); retired (Drouin, 1963-1967) 

* [[/John William Leonard|Leonard, John William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G494-BY4] - 1906(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (Black Rock, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 386, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Sandringham, 1931-1943); shopkeeper (Sandringham, 1949-1968)

* [[/Leslie Clarence Leonard|Leonard, Leslie Clarence &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH15-16Q] - 1902(Vic)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5LT Adelaide (Payneham, 1946-1947; Medindie, 1948); 5LT Port Lincoln (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2336, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pilot (The Terrace, SA, 1939)

* [[/Vincent Halpin Leonard|Leonard, Vincent Halpin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8S4-TXD] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Melbourne (?, 1938-1939; Kew, 1946-1956); 3PJ St Andrews (1960); 3PJ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2167, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1937; Kew, 1937-1954); public servant (St Andrews, 1958; Balwyn, 1963-1980)

===''LESLIE''===

* [[/Julian Leslie|Leslie, Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS98-211] - 1873(Vic)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 142, 1915; 1COCP 246, 1932 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, WA, 1910-1912; Applecross, WA, 1913); O.I.C. (Radio Telegraph Station, Broome, WA, 1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Thursday Island, 1925-1926); superintendent of wireless (Auburn, Vic, 1928); supervisor B.H. service (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''LESTER''===

* [[/Jack Lester|Lester, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5FQ-NQL] - 1902(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LR Renmark (1930-1937); 5LR Berri (1938-1939); 5LR Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1946-1947; Blackwood, 1954-1965); 5LR Victor Harbour (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 674, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 236, 1935; BOCP 369, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Berri, 1939-1943)

===''LETT''===

* [[/Frederick James Norman Lett|Lett, Frederick James Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-Y8D] - 1903(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923); 2WN Sydney (Annandale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Annandale, 1930-1936); publican (Sydney, 1937); hotelkeeper (Clifton Gardens Hotel, Mosman, 1943); Darlinghurst, 1949; Dulwich Hill, 1958; Marrickville, 1963); retired (Church Point, 1968)

===''LEUNIG''===

* [[/William Leslie Leunig|Leunig, William Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD25-HD2] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDR Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1914-1919; Maryborough, Vic, 1921; Murrumbeena, Vic, 1922-1927; Elsternwick, Vic, 1928); civil servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (Dingley, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''LEVENSPIEL''===

* [[/Pinkus Levenspiel|Levenspiel, Pinkus or Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JB-QSL] - 1904(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2TX Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 668, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wyong, NSW, 1936-1937); mechanic (Wyong, NSW, 1949-1963); motor dealer (Ourimbah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''LEVERETT''===

* [[/John Henry Leverett|Leverett, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV79-R7Q] - 1894(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 25, 1914; 1COCP 88, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, 1916); telegraphist (Ascot, Qld, 1921); wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1943); wireless inspector (Burwood, NSW, 1954)

===''LEVERRIER''===

* [[/Francis Hewitt Leverrier|Leverrier, Francis Hewitt &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBT-DP5] - 1863(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Waverley, 1911-1914, Licence No. 5) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; radio clubs (WIA, president, 1910) - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Vaucluse, 1930-1934, Kings Counsel) - Relationships: father of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier 

* [[/Frank Neville Leverrier|Leverrier, Frank Neville &quot;Boy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6RF-W2W] - 1904(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922-1923); 2BK Sydney (Vaucluse, 1924-1930); 2ADE Castle Cove (1969-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 169, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 931, 1926) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio work (Vaucluse, 1930); clerk (Vaucluse, 1933-1937); superintendent (Vaucluse, 1943-1949); public relations (Roseville, 1963-1968; Castle Cove, 1977) - Relationships: son of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier - TroveTag: &quot;2BK-2ADE - Frank Neville Leverrier&quot;

* [[/Henri Andre Leverrier|Leverrier, Henri Andre &quot;Henry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68N-18J] - 1882(NCL)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Gordon, 1911); XHL Sydney (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, Australian General Electric, Sydney)  - Relationships: nephew of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier; cousin of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Sydney, 1913); manager (Crows Nest, 1930-1937)

===''LEVINGS''===

* [[/Stanley Basil Levings|Levings, Stanley Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1P-ZYH] - 1912(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3NS Melbourne (Regent, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1794, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); fitter (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''LEVY''===

* [[/Lewis Joseph Levy|Levy, Lewis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFT-KSW] - 1902(Qld)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 1686 Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); area officer (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); agent (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Levy|Levy, Richard &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-Z38] - 1909(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 654, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Torrensville, 1943)

===''LEWINGTON''===

* [[/Roy Lewington|Lewington, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SN-BB4] - 1895(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XBX Sydney (Chatswood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Gunner, 7th B. A. Column) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; (apprentice electrical fitter for Coupland &amp; Waddell, Sydney at enlistment 1915) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/315726 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10241304 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''LEWIS''===

* [[/Charles Edward Cornelius Lewis|Lewis, Charles Edward Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPH-278] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NL Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 932, 1932, Vic; COCP1 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: factory employee (North Melbourne, Vic, 1936-1943); waterside worker (Ascot Vale East, Vic, 1954); electrical (Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Essendon North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Henry Garrett Lewis|Lewis, Henry Garrett &quot;Harry&quot;]] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Hobart (no record of licence identified as yet) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (reported experimenting from 1912); councillor WIA Tas in 1923; manager 3UZ 1924 - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/William John Lewis|Lewis, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYJ-BZQ] - 1908(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2YB Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1936; McMahons Point, 1937); 6YB Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939); 2YB Sydney (Haberfield, 1947-1950; Paddington, 1954-1969; Ryde, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 863, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WJLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified due to numbers

===''LEYDEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael Leyden|Leyden, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-FP5] - 1914(WA)-1998(Eng) - Licences: 2AGP Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1612, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

===''LIGHT''===

* [[/Cecil Eade Light|Light, Cecil Eade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-PKF] - 1913(NSW)-1985(Eng) - Licences: 2QM Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1183, 1933, NSW; COCP2 17, 1934; COCP1 137, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1927-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Coogee, NSW, 1934); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937)

===''LIGHTON''===

* [[/Robert Lighton|Lighton, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HJ-HD1] - 1869(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: 3CM Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1922-1924); 3RL Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 179, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toongabbie, 1903; Benalla, 1916); independent means (East St Kilda, 1928; Armadale, 1937)

===''LILLIE''===

* [[/Raymond Charles Beaumont Lillie|Lillie, Raymond Charles Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS6-5W2] - 1907(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2QG Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939; Randwick, 1946-1955; Seaforth, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 417, 1932; COCP1 315, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1933); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1935; Randwick North, NSW, 1943-1954; Seaforth, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''LINDEN''===

* [[/Edwin Linden|Linden, Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-PRV] - 1904(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4FT Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Murgon, Qld, 1925); mechanic (Wilston, Qld, 1928); storekeeper (Clayfield, Qld, 1936-1937); telephone mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Bowen, Qld, 1954); PMG technician (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''LINDNER''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Lindner|Lindner, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVX-787] - 1904(NSW)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4BX Receive Brisbane (Alderley) 1922 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wilston, 1928); motor mechanic (Maleny, 1934); mechanic (Windsor, 1936-1972); retired (Mt Samson, 1977)

===''LINDSAY''===


* [[/Donald Gordon Lindsay|Lindsay, Donald Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-126] - 1909(Vic)-1964(WA) - Licences: 2DY Sydney (Gordon, 1925-1936; Ashfield, 1937; Concord, 1938; Kogarah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 83, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Concord, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Maxwell Lindsay|Lindsay, Herbert Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3L-S78] - 1913(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4HD Nambour (1937-1939); 4HD Buderim (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2027, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); employment (company secretary) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1943); fruitgrower (Buderim, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Lindsay|Lindsay, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRN-YDH] - 1911(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2AKR Sydney (Annandale, 1938-1939; Lidcombe, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2193, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933); shop assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1934); mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/Patrick Charles Edward Lindsay|Lindsay, Patrick Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7R-8YZ] - 1896(Eng)-19??(Eng?) - Licences: 6PL Perth (West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 855, 1925; 2COCP 37, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (West Perth, WA, 1922; Balcatta, WA, 1925); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1934)

===''LING''===

* [[/Thomas James Ling|Ling, Thomas James &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWV-7Q7] - 1917(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1897, 1937, NSW; BOCP 68, 1937; TVOCP 1259, 1974 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; West Sydney, NSW, 1954-1958; Hyde Park, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Hyde Park, NSW, 1968; Concord, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''LINKLATER''===

* [[/Donald Charles Linklater|Linklater, Donald Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-Z44] - 1905(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 5DL Pinnaroo (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1521, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958)

===''LITCHFIELD''===

* [[/Ainslie Roland Litchfield|Litchfield, Ainslie Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3Z-FRP] - 1906(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RL Cooma (1925-1939); 2RL Sydney (Woollahra, 1947; Darling Point, 1948-1954; Rozelle, 1955-1958; Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 200, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF; RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Cooma, 1930-1937); film producer (Avalon Beach, 1958-1968)

* [[/Llma Newby Litchfield|Brooks nee Litchfield, Llma Newby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G2-YCR] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YG Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1516, 1935, NSW - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Temora, NSW, 1943); home duties (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Rangemore via Deniliquin, NSW, 1949-1963; Deniliquin, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LITHGOW''===

* [[/John Charles Lithgow|Lithgow, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-5TL] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Eng) - Licences: 7WJ Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1688, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Marine officer? 1950s-1960s, several sea trips

===''LITTLEFAIR''===

* [[/George Thomas Littlefair|Littlefair, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-4MT] - 1899(Eng)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YV Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936; Randwick, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1533, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1931); garage proprietor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); draftsman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''LITTLEJOHN''===

* [[/Arthur Sydney Littlejohn|Littlejohn, Arthur Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DW-VDD] - 1905(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939); 4LF Gunalda (1947); 2OU Sydney (Leichhardt, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 579, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LLEWELLYN''===

* [[/Alan Hugh Llewellyn|Llewellyn, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-6R5] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1939; Ryde, 1946-1965; Epping, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9320, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 269, 1935; TVOCP 68, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EE John Lewis Llewellyn - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Lewis Llewellyn|Llewellyn, John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVH-W5H] - 1907(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2EE Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935-1939; Mosman, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1519, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2AH Alan Hugh Llewellyn - Comment: Several contemporaneous JLLs including his father &amp; son - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''LLOYD''===

* [[/Henry Howard Lloyd|Lloyd, Henry Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST7-9LV] - 1904(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (College Town, 1923-1927); 5AG Adelaide (College Town, 1923); 5HL Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 57, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Beware another Henry Howard Lloyd [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDY-FS3] 1912-1981 in Adelaide, similar times - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Hughie Frederick Lloyd|Lloyd, Hughie or Hugh Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-Y95] - 1917(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5BC Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939); 5BC Berri (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1137, 1933, SA; BOCP 281, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5HD William Edward Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939)

* [[/Roger Barton Lloyd|Lloyd, Roger Barton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTSZ-4GK] - 1922(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2AMO Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939, 1946-1950; Kellyville, 1954-1961; Castle Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2317, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Kellyville, NSW, 1954-1958); loss assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Ernest George Lloyd|Lloyd, Walter Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY6-8SZ] - 1909(Eng)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AJF Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2103, 1938, NSW; COCP1 408, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Wickham, NSW, 1930; Islington, NSW, 1932; Stockton, NSW, 1933-1937); senior communications officer (Longreach, Qld, 1949)

* [[/William Edward Lloyd|Lloyd, William Edward &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGB-WR9] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5HD Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Cumberland, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1215, 1933, SA; 2COCP 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Brother of 5BC Hughie Frederick Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: nil (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LOCKHART''===

* [[/Leon Edward Lockhart|Lockhart, Leon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CJ-6GG] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LE Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939; Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 514, 1929, Vic; 1COCP 205, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elwood, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''LOESER''===

* [[/Hedley Edmond Loeser|Loeser, Hedley Edmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXL-RM6] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5LO Adelaide (Goodwood, 1936-1939; Col Light Gardens, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1748, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: display artist (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''LOFBERG''===

* [[/Oscar Edward Lofberg|Lofberg, Oscar Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMV-Z9X] - 1912(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946; Rockdale, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1504, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist's apprentice (Bexley, NSW, 1935-1943); pharmacist (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949)

===''LOGAN''===

* [[/Edward George Logan|Logan, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PQ-2L4] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1547, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Glenhuntly, Vic, 1942-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972)

===''LOMAX''===

* [[/Joseph Lomax|Lomax, Joseph]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EB Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1913-1914; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1916-1917; Coorparoo, Qld, 1921-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926)

===''LONDON''===

* [[/James William London|London, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTH-BBX] - 1916(NZ)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 2UP Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1087, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Colonel) - Awards: OBE; MID - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1943); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10686688 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1518040 Mentioned in Despatches]

===''LONERAGAN''===

* [[/William Harry Bailey Loneragan|Loneragan, William Harry Bailey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT9-5SC] - 1917(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2227, 1938, WA; BOCP 83, 1937) - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son-in-law of Charles Edward Lemmon - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); engineer (Station 6BY, Yornup, WA, 1954-1963); radio engineer (6AM, Northam, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Dawesville, WA, 1980)

===''LONG''===

* [[/Charles Richard Willard Long|Long, Charles Richard Willard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-BZK] - 1913(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3CL Melbourne (Frankston, 1932-1939, 1947-1975; Carrum Downs, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 892, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Frankston, Vic, 1934-1972); timber worker? (Carrum Downs, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Long|Long, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-ZT8] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1640, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Canterbury, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1968); electrical engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Timothy Joseph Long|Long, Timothy Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ19-Z9G] - 1884(Qld)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 140, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Comment: suicide after diagnosis terminal illness - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1908); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Townsville, 1921)

===''LONGLEY''===

* [[/Ruth Victoria Longley|Harris nee Longley, Ruth Victoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-5GJ] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6YL Perth (Shenton Park, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1808, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator; WW2 - Relationships: Wife of 6NL Valentine Harms Harris - Electoral Rolls: saleswoman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); home duties (Applecross, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Applecross, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''LONGMORE''===

* [[/Harold Longmore|Longmore, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY39-K2K] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3FD Shepparton (1934-1937); 3FD Lubeck (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1325, 1934, Vic; BOCP 7, 1936; COCP2 284, 1940; COCP1 324, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (3LK Lubeck); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936); radio technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1949); theatre proprietor (Tatura, Vic, 1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1980)

===''LONGSTAFF''===

* [[/Thomas Allen Hector Longstaff|Longstaff, Thomas Allen Hector &quot;Allen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQM-WF3] - 1896(SA)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XVR Adelaide (Alberton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 55, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: executive (Brighton, Vic, 1949)

===''LONGWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald John Longworth|Longworth, Reginald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KC-GZV] - 1910(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Greenwich, 1931-1933; Wollstonecraft, 1933-1938; St Leonards, 1939, 1947-1958; Forestville, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 791, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 25, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1933; Naremburn, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1936; North Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1937; Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954-1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963)

===''LONSDALE''===

* [[/Russell George Lonsdale|Lonsdale, Russell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWX-JNM] - 1909(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2AKY Lismore (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1195, 1933, NSW; COCP2 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: publisher (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Paddington, NSW, 1931; Waverley, NSW, 1933); wireless serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Waterfall Sanatorium, NSW, 1943)

===''LORD''===

* [[/Andrew Charles Lord|Lord, Andrew Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG9-J99] - 1920(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3BE Ballarat (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2212, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); shire secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1968); secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''LORDEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey Allan Lorden|Lorden, Geoffrey Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJB-2P8] - 1907(WA)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 6GL Perth (Perth, 1925-1926; West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 175, 1925, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 342, 1940; 1COCP 441, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1931); survey assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1936-1937); radio operator (Hotel Beadon, Onslow, 1943; Kalgoorlie, 1949); civil servant (Mitcham, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''LORENZEN''===

* [[/Lawrence Paul Lorenzen|Lorenzen, Lawrence Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC5-C5C] - 1909(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LP Emerald (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1357, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway cleaner (Emerald, Qld, 1936-1954); loco driver (Emerald, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''LOVE''===

* [[/Howard Kingsley Love|Love, Howard Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGQ-8S5] - 1895(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3BM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922-1931; Glen Iris, 1933), 3KU Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 230, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio clubs (WIA Vic); business proprietor (radio manufacturer) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Orong, 1919; Malvern East, 1921-1924; Gardiner, 1927-1933); manager (Gardiner, 1936-1937); engineer (Mt. Waverley, 1942) - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199407.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199408.pdf EA2]

* [[/James Peile Love|Love, James Peile &quot;Nim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7JF-83Z] - 1906(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JL Brisbane (Kedron, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 469, 1928, No. ?? in Qld (Halcyon AOCP 1930); 3COCP 5259, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF) - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Kedron, 1928-1943; Hawthorne, 1949-1980)

* [[/Leslie Gilmore Love|Love, Leslie Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52K-VQ8] - 1902(Wales)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2XE Sydney (Bondi North, 1934-1935); 2ABE Sydney (Randwick, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 307, 1930; COCP1 386, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor assembler (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1937); radio officer (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''LOVELESS''===

* [[/Max Lyndon Loveless|Loveless, Max Lyndon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX41-D28] - 1914(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: 7ML Hobart (Moonah, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2162, 1938, Tas; BOCP 341, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Moonah, Tas, 1936); mechanic (Hobart North, Tas, 1943); PMG Technician (Moonah, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''LOVERING''===

* [[/George Francis Lovering|Lovering, George Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZJ-XTJ] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Ashfield, 1931-1933); 2OO Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 867, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2GF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2GF Grafton commercial service - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958); no occupation (Narrabean North, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''LOVETT''===

* [[/Hubert Frank Lovett|Lovett, Hubert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHG1-DT2] - 1905(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7HL Hobart (1926-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 246, 1926, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Hobart North, 1928-1937); manager (Hobart South, 1949; Nelson, 1954) - Links: [https://info.scholarships.utas.edu.au/AwardDetails.aspx?AwardId=2813 UTAS Scholarship]

* [[/Percy Lovett|Lovett, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB5-M21] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2JP Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2210, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''LUBACH''===

* [[/Frederick John Lubach|Lubach, Frederick John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H7-VZD] - 1919(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4RF Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1947); Dalby (1948-1950); Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1954; Camp Hill, 1965-75; Loganlea, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1745, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 868, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, instructor, QSL manager); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); broadcast technician (4QS, Capalaba) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Dalby, Qld, 1949; Coorparoo, Qld, 1954; Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Loganlea, Qld, 1980)

===''LUCAS''===

* [[/Gillen Frederick Lucas|Lucas, Gillen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-Y7P] - 1894(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5LL Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1935-1939; Port Adelaide, 1947; Maylands, 1948; Trinity Gardens, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1589, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Kilkenny, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LUCKMAN''===

* [[/Charles Forsythe Arthur Luckman|Luckman, Charles Forsythe Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMF8-LS2] - 1901(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2JT Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2JT Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1926; Lakemba, 1927-1933; Croydon, 1934; Ashfield, 1935-1938; Croydon, 1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 41, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lift engineer (Lakemba, 1930-1933); electrician (Croydon, 1935-1943); electrical mechanic (Croydon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Thomas Stuart Luckman|Luckman, Thomas Stuart &quot;Stuart&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-8CD] - 1913(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4SL Brisbane (Kalinga, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 783, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, CMF, Signals Northern Command); occupation (hardware executive) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kalinga, 1936-1937); storeman (Hendra, 1943-1958); retired (Aspley, 1972-1977; Carseldine, 1980)

===''LUHRS''===

* [[/Victor Albert Luhrs|Luhrs, Victor Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZYN-VJJ] - 1888(Vic)-1964(SA) - Licences: V761 Receive Woori Yallock (1922); 3HB Receive Woori Yallock (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Torquon West, Nhill, 1909; Netherby, 1912-1914; Cavendish, 1916-1919; Woori Yallock, 1922-1924; Kalyan, SA, 1939); grazier (Tintinara, SA, 1941-1943)

===''LUM''===

* [[/Allan Douglas Lum|Lum, Allan Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92F-LX7] - 1913(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5AL Adelaide (Joslin, 1932-1939; Hyde Park, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 980, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 427, 1940; TVOCP 263, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gawler, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Hyde Park, SA, 1943)

===''LUMB''===

* [[/Lloyd John Lumb|Lumb, Lloyd John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84C-LF2] - 1907(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LL Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 471, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); postal electrician (Stanthorpe, 1943); technician (Ashgrove, 1949); engineer (Ashgrove, 1958-1972)

===''LUMBEWE''===

* [[/Edwyn William Lumbewe|Lumbewe or Chong, Edwyn William or Hin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-TGZ]- 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Randwick, 1931-1934); 2ZX Inverell (1935-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 858, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Inverell, NSW, 1937-1977)

===''LUMSDAINE''===

* [[/John Clarence Lumsdaine|Lumsdaine, John Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94RH-VVK] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ABQ Sydney (Willoughby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 19, 1934; COCP1 95, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Paddington, NSW, 1930); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1920); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934; Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1968)

===''LUNN''===

* [[/Harold Vincent Lunn|Lunn, Harold Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-4X5] - 1908(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 5HL Adelaide (Morphettville, 1935-1939); 2ANE Sydney (North Ryde) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1449, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Morphettville, SA, 1939-1943; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972); retired (North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LUSBY''===

* [[/Maurice MacIntosh Lusby|Lusby, Maurice MacIntosh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP54-JX7] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1219, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Randwick East, 1937; Coogee, NSW, 1937); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Eastwood, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1980; Picton, NSW, 1980)

===''LUXON''===

* [[/George Wilfred Luxon|Luxon, George Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YJ-XTL] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5RX Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1928-1939, 1946-1965; Torrens Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 450, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster late 1920s; WW2; WIA SA (several official duties) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mitcham, 1939-1943)

===''LYNCH''===

* [[/Edward James Lynch|Lynch, Edward James]] [[https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTWT-PVV]] - 1891(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XIP Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1913); journalist (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937; Hamilton, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Harold John Lynch|Lynch, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTD-VXL] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4HL Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1934-1939, 1946-1956; Slacks Creek, 1960-1975); 4HL Springbrook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1268, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); business proprietor (restaurants, picture theatres) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Albion, Qld, 1928); shopkeeper (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Valley, Qld, 1949); shopkeeper (St Lucia, Qld, 1954; Slacks Creek, Qld, 1958-1968); owner (Slacks Creek, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Springbrook, Qld, 1980)

===''LYONS''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Thomas Lyons|Lyons, Joseph Aloysius Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGY-XKB] - 1879(Tas)-1939(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - teacher; state politician; Premier of Tasmania; federal politician (Postmaster-General, Prime Minister of Australia); actively promoted development of broadcasting in Australia over two decades - Electoral Rolls:

=='''M'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''MABBITT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Matthew Mabbitt|Mabbitt, John Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FD5] - 1905(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Lake Boga (1930-1939); 3JG Lake Boga (1947-1948); 3JG Swan Hill (1954-1960); 3JG Melbourne (Templestowe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 588, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Lake Boga, Vic, 1928-1949); supervisor (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954); public servant (Templestowe, Vic, 1963)

===''MACBETH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macbeth|Macbeth, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Macbeth|Macbeth, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB93-7Q4] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JM Sydney (Redfern, 1931; Punchbowl, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 824, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Redfern, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1932-1934); mechanic (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1949); soldier (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1972)

===''MACDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macdonald|Macdonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Macdonald|Macdonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-WT8] - 1883(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 45, 1936 - senior federal public servant (Chief Engineer, Radiotelegraph Branch, PMGD, 1914); Lieutenant-Commander Telegraphist (RAN, in charge captured German Pacific Wireless); chief engineer 7EX; supervised erection 3AR, 5CL, 7ZL; early TV research  - Comment: Don't confuse with Don Macdonald AWA consultant - Electoral Rolls: Numerous contemporaneous DMcDs - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199505.pdf EA]

* [[/Llewellyn Macdonald|Macdonald, Llewellyn &quot;Lew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-73F] - 1908(Eng)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Newcastle (West Maitland, 1929-1934; Wickham, 1935-1936; Waratah, 1937; Mayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 478, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 69, 1936; BOCP 50, 1936; 1COCP 125, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (West Maitland, 1930; Wickham, 1936); joiner (Waratah, 1937; Charlestown, 1972)

===''MACFARLANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred - see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred

* [[/Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDYR-1QZ] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2RM Griffith (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 374, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1918) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Griffith, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''MACGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macgregor|Macgregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Thomas Macgregor|Macgregor, Howard Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-NNP] - 1920(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ZU Brisbane (Windsor, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2200, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Windsor, Qld, 1941-1949); assistant (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Alfred Macgregor|Macgregor, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-9K3] - 1896(NSW)-1954(PNG) - Licences: 9MC Kavieng, PNG (1937); 9MC Wewak, PNG (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 9MC Baiyer River (1954) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Blackhall, Qld, 1921-1925; Mildura, Vic, 1931-1934)

===''MACKAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackay|Mackay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Stewart Mackay|Mackay, Cedric Stewart or Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/973G-3Q2] - 1889(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XADF Coffs Harbour (1913-1914); 2GP Receive Urunga (1922); 2GP Urunga (1924-1931); 2GO Coffs Harbour (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 149, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Urunga, 1930); agent (Coffs Harbour, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ian Keith Mackay|Mackay, Ian Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JG-NHF] - 1907(NZ)-1985(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author; historian (broadcast, &quot;Broadcasting in New Zealand&quot; (1953), &quot;Broadcasting in Australia&quot; (1957), &quot;Broadcasting in Nigeria&quot; (1964), &quot;Broadcasting in Papua New Guinea&quot; (1976) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting executive (Lane Cove, 1954); executive (Killara, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Reay Mackay|Mackay, Ronald Reay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-Y6T] - 1905(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1922); 3MU Melbourne (Carlton, 1931-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil); principal (RMIT) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1963) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mackay-ronald-reay-10980 ADB]

===''MACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackel|Mackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Mackel|Mackel, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DJ-FP5] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2HG Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965; Hunters Hill, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1943); insurance inspector (Lane Cove, NSW, 1949-1954); insurance manager (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1963); manager (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''MACKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Harper Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Alexander Harper &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-MVZ] - 1892(Sct)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4GK Brisbane (Wynnum, 1930-1939; Bulimba, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 628, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Fire Service) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Brisbane City, 1916; Hamilton, 1919; Brisbane City, 1925); fire brigade officer (Wynnum, 1928-1936); newsagent (Bulimba, 1949); retired (Bulimba, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 4YL Florence Madeline Mackenzie and 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie

* [[/Arthur Alexander Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-796] - 1918(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4HJ Jericho (1937); 4HJ Brisbane (Wynnum, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1346, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Townsville, 1949); newsagent (Grange, 1954-1963); public servant (Townsville, 1972; Cleveland, 1972; Thornlands, 1977, Cleveland, 1980) - Relationships: son of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; brother of 4YL Florence Madeline Streamer nee Mackenzie

* [[/Florence Madeline Mackenzie|Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-B8C] - 1922(Qld)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 4YL Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; third YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Mitchelton, 1949; New Farm, 1954) - Relationships: daughter of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; sister of 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Harold Stuart Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Harold Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-VGN] - 1908(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AM Brisbane (Annerley, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 518, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 90, 1937; 1COCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1937); company manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Blackheath, 1958); unemployed (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968); technician (Burleigh Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MACKIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackie|Mackie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Ernest Mackie|Mackie, Alexander Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3R3-YFM] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3QA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Glen Waverley, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1545, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MACKINNON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Eric Wilton MacKinnon|MacKinnon, Colin Eric Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK45-QRQ] - 1941(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2KCM Sydney 1980s; 2DYM Sydney (1980-2004)- Qualifications: NAOCP N1793, 1981; AOLCP N1281, 1981; AOCP N1032, 1981, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (amateur radio; military radio; radar) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cronulla, 1968; Hurstville, 1977); retired (Glenhaven, 1980) - [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Colin_MacKinnon.htm Obit]
===''MACKINOLTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Clarence Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Hubert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRQ-T18] - 1897(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: XJED Korumburra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 158, 1915 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auburn, Vic, 1919-1922); customs officer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1924-1925; Mosman, Vic, 1930; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); civil servant (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); retired (Ringwood, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Mentone, Vic, 1977)

===''MACLARDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclardy|Maclardy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Foster St Clair Maclardy|Maclardy, William John Foster St Clair &quot;Will&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW66-BTD] - 1892(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Receive Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1922); 2HP Sydney (Cremorne, 1923; Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); journalist (Smith's Weekly, Wireless Weekly) - Comment: correct surname is St Clair Maclardy but rarely used - Relationships: son of William McIntyre St Clair Maclardy, one time Wireless Weekly proprietor - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933); taxi driver (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); soldier (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1949); commercial traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2HP - William John Foster St Clair Maclardy&quot;

===''MACLAREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclaren|Maclaren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles James Torrance Maclaren|Maclaren, Charles James Torrance]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-889] - 1889(Eng)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (South Yarra, 1933); 3MS South Ballarat (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1113, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Aus Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937); nil (Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/Donald Catto Maclaren|Maclaren, Donald Catto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-2R2] - 1909(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2DM Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1939); 2NN Narrabri (1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 655, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Haberfield, 1933-1936; Taree, 1937; Narrabri, 1949)

===''MACLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclean|Maclean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Dalziel Maclean|Maclean, John Dalziel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D4-PHK] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 2IM Leeton (1935-1937); 2IM Sydney (Ashbury, 1938-1939); 4IM Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1501, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''MACLURCAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Dansie Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Charles Dansie &quot;Mac&quot;, &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWR7-LJ3] - 1889(Qld)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XDM Sydney (CBD, 1909-1914) (Maclurcan &amp; Lane); 2CM Sydney (Strathfield, 1921-1939; Neutral Bay, 1946-1957); 2CY Sydney (Strathfield, 1923, briefly by administrative error); first licence issued under new 1922 radio regulations - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 98, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector; broadcast engineer; business proprietor (Maclurcan and Lane, 1909-19??, Maclurcan Engineering, Hotel Wentworth) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Darling Harbour, 1913); engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1934); hotel manager (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XDM-2CM - Charles Dansie Maclurcan&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maclurcan-hannah-13070 ADB] [[w:2CM|Wikipedia]] [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/who-was-radio-pioneer-charles-maclurcan/ radioinfo]

===''MACNAUGHTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Naughton Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Naughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPJ9-MPD] - 1911(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1934; Roseville, 1935-1939; Wahroonga, 1946-1948; Lindfield, 1950; Pymble, 1954-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1961; West Pymble, 1965-1969; Marsfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 904, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2ZVW-2BA - David Edwin Macnaughton - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937; Windsor, NSW, 1943); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949; Lindfield, NSW, 1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954; Mona Vale, NSW, 1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''MACPHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Duncan Macpherson|Macpherson, Alexander Duncan &quot;Sandy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29CF-Z3F] - 1899(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4MC Brisbane (Nundah, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Oakleigh, 1954; Chermside, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1271, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Toombul RC); Qld Lands (draughtsman) - Comment: Slow update for death in Electoral Rolls? - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1949; Oakleigh, Qld, 1954; Chermside, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MADDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney John Madden|Madden, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-WGL] - 1900(Sct)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MN Perth (City, 1930; North Perth, 1931; Maylands, 1933-1937; Wembley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 264, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1937-1943); supervisor (Wembley, WA, 1954)

===''MADDICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddick|Maddick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert William Maddick|Maddick, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLB-J2P] - 1890(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: XLX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EF Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3EF Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 161, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; perpetrator of the foul mouthed parrot incident - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Elsternwick, 1917); mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1954)

===''MADDICKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddicks|Maddicks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Thomas Maddicks|Maddicks, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJBP-PFV] - 1912(Vic)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 3UA Daylesford (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2228, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Daylesford, Vic, 1936-1977)

===''MADDISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddison|Maddison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Victor Maddison|Maddison, Ernest Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJ6-SWD] - 1907(Vic)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1935); 2WZ Sydney (Randwick, 1936; Normanhurst, 1937; Willoughby, 1938; Randwick, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1331, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls:

===''MAGEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magee|Magee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin William Michael Magee|Magee, Kevin William Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-51Z] - 1913(Vic)-1979(Vanuatu) - Licences: 5KM Adelaide (City, 1931-1933); 2UN Sydney (Paddington, 1936); 3UN Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937); 3KM Melbourne (Kew, 1947-1960; North Balwyn, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 874, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: staff cadet (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1936); military officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; Kew, Vic, 1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1949-1954); company director (Kew, Vic, 1963); director (Balwyn, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''MAGENNIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magennis|Magennis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Aubrey Magennis|Magennis, Alfred Ernest Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR7T-5RB] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2AFE Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1842, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MAGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maguire|Maguire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Maguire|Maguire, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SN-BKC] - 1921(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3IO Stratford (1938-1939; 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2216, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stratford, 1949-1977); grazier (Munro, 1980)

* [[/Ernest Norbert Maguire|Maguire, Ernest Norbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR4X-F61] - 1892(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KL Sydney (Lewisham, 1928-1930; Dulwich Hill, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 387, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Lewisham, 1930-1932); sergeant of police (Putney, 1943; Gladesville, 1949-1958); retired (Lake Illawarra South, 1963)

* [[/Sydney William Maguire|Maguire, Sydney William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDF-L85] - 1903(WA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2XY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; North Bondi, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 933, 1926; AOLCP 74, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Glenmore, 1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Maroubra North, 1943); inspector (Maroubra North, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1958)

===''MAHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maher|Maher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Anthony Maher|Maher, Francis Anthony &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKS3-6QD] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1932-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 941, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1936; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937; Coburg West, Vic, 1942-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mahon|Mahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Mahon|Mahon, Hugh]] - 1857(Ire)-1931(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1904)

===''MAIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stephen John Leith Mais|Mais, Stephen John Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-BTV] - 1898(WA)-1960(WA) - Licences: 6CQ Receive Perth (Chester Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: trainee (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); carpenter (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1958)
===''MAKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Makin|Makin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Makin|Makin, Bert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G26D-PZL] - 1888(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: XAEJ Sydney (Kogarah West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (West Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEJ - Bert Makin&quot;

* [[/George Makin|Makin, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97S3-JFZ] - 1914(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2198, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Relationships: Brother of 4OK John Makin (passed AOCP same day)  - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1936-1963); lightkeeper (Lighthouse, Sandy Cape, Qld, 1963; Fitzroy Island, Qld, 1968); tin miner (Mt Poverty, Qld, 1969)

* [[/John Makin|Makin, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6J-4KT] - 1906(Eng)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4OK Columboola (1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2199, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of George Makin (passed AOCP same day) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1930-1963); wardsman (Miles, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MALCOLM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Graham Malcolm|Malcolm, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8F-K5W] - 1949(Eng)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 3ZYK Melbourne (North Clayton, 1969; Mulgrave, 1975; Berwick, 1980); 1???; 2??? - Qualifications: AOLCP 2407, 1967 - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Communications Laboratory DoC (Director) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayton, Vic, 1972; Mulgrave, 1977; Berwick, 1980)
===''MALONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malone|Malone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Joseph Malone|Malone, James Joseph &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL8-8DP] - 1883(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 240, 1916 - employment (NSW P&amp;T, Telegraph Messenger; PMGD, Cadet Engineer, Controller Wireless; OTC, Manager); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayfield, Qld, 1917-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); chief inspector wireless (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); Deputy Director, Posts and Telegraphs (Indooroopilly, 1943); public servant (Lindfield, NSW, 1949-1963) - Links: [[w:James Joseph Malone|Wikipedia]];  [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_05_30#P.109_-_Commonwealth_Controller_of_Wireless|Bio]]

* [[/Laurence Edward Palek Malone|Malone, Laurence Edward Palek &quot;Edward&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY19-CCV] - 1915(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3LV Mologa (1937-1939); 3QE Maryborough (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1883, 1937, Vic; COCP1 197, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Maloga, Vic, 1937); engineer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MALONEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maloney|Maloney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kent Allen Maloney|Maloney, Kent Allen or Allen Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-9J4] - 1904(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2UC Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1936); 2UC Lismore (1937-1939); 2UC Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1328, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wanganui, NZ, 1925-1928; Waverley, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1935); radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936); radio serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Hastings, NZ, 1946-1960); radio technician (Hastings, NZ, 1963); retired (Hastings, NZ, 1969-1972) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1255758 VWMA]

===''MALPAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malpas|Malpas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth John Malpas|Malpas, Kenneth John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGC2-BNN] - 1909(SA)-1929(SA) - Licences: 5XG Kadina (1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 313, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''MANAHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manahan|Manahan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Gerald Manahan|Manahan, Frank Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-9MZ] - 1911(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 2AGN Murwillumbah (1937-1938); 4FG Brisbane (Annerley, 1947-1948; St Lucia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1901, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1941); company director (Annerley, Qld, 1949); director (St Lucia, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MANCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Roy Mancer|Mancer, Arthur Roy &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV8K-J7L] - 1892(NZ)-1968(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 110, ?; 1COCP 71, 1935 - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls:

===''MANGNALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Hartley Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert Hartley Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MD-3L2] - 1903(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3?? Melbourne (Carlton, 1927); 3HB Melbourne (Highett, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 350, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Carlton, Vic, 1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MANIFOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Charles Manifold|Manifold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXMR-BFZ] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1933; McKinnon, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 647, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Malvern, 1931-1934; Bentleigh, 1936-1980)

===''MANKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manks|Manks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Eli Manks|Manks, Thomas Eli]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCV-6JS] - 1914(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1619, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); pharmacist (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manley|Manley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Patrick Joseph Francis Manley|Manley, Patrick Joseph Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSL-LYV] - 1894(Vic)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1935-1939; Camperdown, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 614, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 381, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924); company manager (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931); company director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1934-1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Woollahra, NSW, 1963) 

* [[/William McGregor Manley|Manley, William McGregor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW6-J99] - 1903(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1931-1934; Parramatta, 1935-1936); 2XH Sydney (Gladesville, 1937-1938; Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 767, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1931); engineer (Lilyfield, NSW, 1933-1935; Parramatta, NSW, 1936)

===''MANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bruce Reginald Mann|Mann, Bruce Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1J7-H22] - 1906(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Quambatook (1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3BM Swan Hill (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1876, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 3CK James Barrett Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1931-1968; Swan Hill, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Edward Alexander Mann|Mann, Edward Alexander]] - 1874(SA)-1951(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Federal politician for WA; political commentator &quot;The Watchman&quot;; author &quot;Arrows in the Air: A Selection from Broadcasts by &quot;The Watchman&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Edward_Mann_(Australian_politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mann-edward-alexander-7472 ADB]

* [[/James Barrett Mann|Mann, James Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWHB-WTR] - 1875(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Receive Quambatook (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 3BM Bruce Reginald Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1908-1967)

* [[/John Edward Mann|Mann, John Edward &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JY-STV] - 1912(SA)-1941(off Libyan coast) - Licences: 5EM Semaphore (1934-1938); 3IE Westmere (1938); 3IE Ballarat (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1304, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, telegraphist) - Relationships: Son of Thomas William Mann - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1675471 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10278775 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} 

* [[/Sydney George Mann|Mann, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DP-V1C] - 1908(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3KY Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1931; Hampton, 1937-1939, 1946-1954; East Brighton, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 594, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Glenhuntly, 1931); mechanic (Sandringham, 1936-1937); shopkeeper (Woodend, 1942); mechanic (Hampton, 1949-1954); sales (Carnegie, 1963); salesman (St Kilda, 1967)

* [[/Thomas William Mann|Mann, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLZ-2S3] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 5EM-3IE John Edward Mann- Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manning|Manning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol John Roland Manning|Manning, Athol John Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69L-G2L] - 1916(Tas)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 7LR Devonport (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1367, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Devonport, 1949-1954) 

* [[/Clifton Joseph Manning|Manning, Clifton Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G893-WW6] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CJ Melbourne (Ringwood, 1927; Elwood, 1931-1937; Eltham, 1938-1939; Balwyn, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1960); 3CJ Orbost (1965); 3CJ Marlo (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 338, 1927, Vic; COCP1 877, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (St Kilda, 1931-1936; Canterbury, 1943; Templestowe, 1949; Sandringham, 1954-1963); farmer (Orbost, 1967-1968); retired (Marlo, 1972-1977; Lang Lang, 1980)

* [[/George William Manning|Manning, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVD4-VMS] - 1909(Vic)-2003(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3XJ Melbourne (Maribyrnong, 1934-1939; Richmond, 1947-1954; Parkdale, 1955-1965); 3XJ Birchip (1969); 3XJ Narraport (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1312, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maribyrnong, Vic, 1931-1937; Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954); public servant (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Noble Park, Vic, 1972); engineer (Narraport, Vic, 1977)

===''MANSFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. D. Mansfield|Mansfield, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZQ Burnie (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MANTLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Patrick Thomas Mantle|Mantle, Joseph Patrick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-DP9] - 1913(Qld)-1976(Fiji) - Licences: 4XF Brisbane (Ascot, 1933-1939); 4XF Townsville (Hermit Park, 1947-1948); 4XF Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1960); 3AEN Bendigo (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1146, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 1083, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ascot, Qld, 1936); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business manager (New Farm, Qld, 1954); manager (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); sales manager (Warwick, Qld, 1963); no occupation (Townsville, Qld, 1963); sales executive (Petersham, NSW, 1972)
===''MANUEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manuel|Manuel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Thomas Manuel|Manuel, Robert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5S-3R5] - 1910(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5RT Adelaide (Prospect, 1932-1939, 1947-1960; Beefacres, 1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1052, 1932, SA; BOCP 1310, 1953; 2COCP 1279, 1953; 1COCP 1688, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANWARING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manwaring|Manwaring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Leslie Manwaring|Manwaring, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQB-V26] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AJK Cootamundra (1938-1939, 1946-1950); 2QK Cootamundra (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2089, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1935-1937); timber merchant (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943-1954); nursery man (Cootamundra, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''MARCONI''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marconi|Marconi, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi|Marconi, Guglielmo Giovanni Maria]] - 1874(Italy)-1937(Italy) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Inventor, electrical engineer, entrepreneur, businessman; pioneer of long distance radio transmission, widely credited as the inventor of radio; shared 1909 Nobel prize for physics for contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy

===''MARCUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eugen Gerald Marcuse|Marcuse, Eugen Gerald &quot;Gerald&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9C3M-X1G] - 1886(Eng)-1961(Eng) - Licences: G2NM England - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer

===''MARKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marks|Marks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Hubert Marks|Marks, Edward Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMT9-YTF] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3VM Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1955; Sassafras, 1956-1960; East Malvern, 1965; Armadale, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1948, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: dental student (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936); dentist (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); dental surgeon (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); dentist (Malvern East, Vic, 1958-1968); grazier (Porcupine Ridge via Daylesford, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Sydney Marks|Marks, Joseph Sydney or Sydney Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQG4-X1G] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2GR Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio trader (Electricity House, Marks' Radio Company); electrician; police officer; sued by 2BL for non-payment of fees in 1924 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rose Bay, 1930-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2GR - Joseph Sydney Marks&quot;

===''MARLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric William Marley|Marley, Cedric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVF2-DJ4] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4CJ Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1938-1939; Graceville, 1947; Kalinga, 1948); 4CJ Rockhampton (1954-1956); 4CJ South Mackay (1960); 9CJ Port Moresby (1965); Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2079, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); broadcast technician (PMG, ABC); WW2 (RAN, telegraphist); federal public servant (PMG, ABC) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kalinga, Qld, 1949; Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); broadcast technician (Mackay, Qld, 1958; Bucasia, Mackay, Qld, 1958; Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''MARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marr|Marr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Clanan Marr|Marr, Charles William Clanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M8V-QQM] - 1880(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: MHR (Forrest, NSW, 1929); director (Crows Nest, NSW, 1933); company director (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1933-1935); director (Crows Nest, NSW,  1935); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1937-1943; Killara, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/John Neville Marr|Marr, John Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTY5-D27] - 1915(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1933-1939); 6AJ Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1948); 3AJB Melbourne (Carrum, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1198, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946; RAAF) - Awards: DFC, 1943 - Electoral Rolls: aircraftsman (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Pearee Aerodrome, WA, 1943-1949); RAAF (Deepdene, Vic, 1954; Dickson, ACT, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968; Dianella, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MARRIOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marriott|Marriott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald James Marriott|Marriott, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFC-GW3] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SI Melbourne (Toorak, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1778, 1936, Vic; COCP3 3782, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1935-1937); director &amp; supervisor (Toorak, Vic, 1943-1967); director (Toorak, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''MARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Burton Mars|Mars, Ernest Burton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VJ-GWR] - 1907(SA)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Unley, 1923-1924); 4EM Charleville (1930-1933); 2EM Dubbo (1934-1936); 4EM Charleville (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2GE Moree (1948); 4EM Emerald (1954-1955); 4EM Charleville (1956); 4EM Longreach (1960); 4EM Currumbin (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 686, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 23, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Dubbo, 1935); bank official (Charleville, 1937-1943; Wagga Wagga, 1949); bank clerk (Moree, 1949); bank manager (Commonwealth Bank Emerald, 1954; Commonwealth Bank, Charleville, 1958; Longreach, 1963); retired (Currumbin, 1968; Palm Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - established 4VL Charleville commercial

===''MARSDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Marsden|Marsden, Robert Cecil &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92N-W62] - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Sydney, 1909; 2JM Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922); 2JM Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1923-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1925-1926; Edgecliff, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, local NSW clubs) - Relationships: Father of 2VV-2FV Robert Morris Marsden - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Woolahra, 1930; Epping, 1930-1958); manager (Castlecrag, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2JM - Robert Cecil Marsden&quot;
* [[/Robert Morris Marsden|Marsden, Robert Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX1-VPG] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Kingsford, 1958-1969); 2FV Tuross Heads (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 226, 1956; AOCP 3627, 1957, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: Son of 2JM Robert Cecil Marsden - Electoral Rolls: taxi proprietor (Bondi Beach, 1949; Kingsford, 1958-1972); retired (Tuross Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MARSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Marsh|Marsh, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-QZ7] - 1890(Eng)-1943(WA) - Licences: 6DQ Receive West Pingelly (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Harrismith, WA, 1931); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1943)
* [[/Roy Edward William Marsh|Marsh, Roy Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF42-28N] - 1899(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CE Receive Perth (North Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (East Perth, WA, 1921; Maylands, WA, 1925-1926; East Midland, WA, 1931-1963)
* [[/Sydney Westport Marsh|Marsh, Sydney or Sidney Westport]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFLN-PKM] - 1889(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK West Wallsend (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ladysmith, 1913); fitter (West Wallsend, 1930-1937)

===''MARSHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marshall|Marshall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Francis Marshall|Marshall, Archie Francis &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37M-W83] - 1907(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4AF Clifton (1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 438, 1928, No. 48 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (blacksmith, fitter/turner) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Clifton, 1930-1980)

* [[/Herbert Anthony Marshall|Marshall, Herbert Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJR-P3P] - 1888(India)-1948(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Port Pirie, 1910; 2HM Armidale (1924-1926); 2HM Sydney (Bondi, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 115, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 48, 1931 - Comment: proud of his initials &quot;H.A.M.&quot;, early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Relationships: his daughter Denise Chalmers Marshall frequently on air over 2HM - TroveTag: &quot;2HM - Herbert Anthony Marshall&quot; - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1934-1943)

* [[/Mary Austine Marshall|Henry nee Marshall, Mary Austine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-GR6] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1930-1939, 1946-1956; East Malvern, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 619, 1930, Vic - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); no occupation (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/M. J. Marshall|Marshall, M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3NP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1938-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vaughan Edward Marshall|Marshall, Vaughan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86T-KNY] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3UK Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1933; Kew, 1937-1939, 1946-1969; Mt Eliza, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 603, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1936); tea specialist (Kew, Vic, 1937-1968); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''MARSLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marsland|Marsland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Bruce Marsland|Marsland, Benjamin Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-X47] - 1906(Qld)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 4DX Receive Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928); teller (Normanton, Qld, 1930); bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931; Malanda, Qld, 1932); no occupation (Annerley, Qld, 1943)

* [[/James Gilbert Marsland|Marsland, James Gilbert &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY2-JTB] - 1912(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3NY Cobden (1931); 3NY Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 774, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarendon, Vic, 1936; South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); bank clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''MARSTELLA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marstella|Marstella, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Arthur Marstella|Marstella, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCM-JRQ] - 1911(NSW)-2001(NSW)89yo - Licences: 2AEZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1936-1938); 2AEZ Gosford (Erina, 1946-1950; Gosford, 1954-1958); 2AEZ Lidcombe (1960-1969); 2AEZ Forster (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1830, 1936, NSW; BOCP 1132, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hamilton, NSW, 1933; New Lambton, NSW, 1935-1936); radio serviceman (Erina, NSW, 1949); technician (Gosford, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1977; Forster, NSW, 1980)

===''MARSTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marston|Marston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Thomas Marston|Marston, James Thomas &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKDX-19C] - 1920(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Belmont, 1948; Morningside, 1954); 4JA Toowoomba (1955-1956); 4JA Brisbane (Boondall, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2655, 1948, Qld - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); technician (Boondall, Qld, 1963-1972)
* [[/W. L. Marston|Marston, W. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MARTENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martens|Martens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred John Martens|Martens, Alfred John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QSF-SRH] - 1916(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5MA Clare (1947); 5MA Berri (1948); 5MA Renmark (1954-1965); 5MA Millswood (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2369, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clare, SA, 1941-1943)

===''MARTIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martin|Martin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Clive Martin|Martin, Bernard Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3K-1K5] - 1906(NSW)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Bankstown, 1923); Receive (Valve) Medlow Bath (1923); 2BM Sydney (Banksia, 1926; Bankstown, 1927; Bronte, 1928-1934; Potts Point, 1935-1936; Neutral Bay, 1938; Queenscliffe, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 883, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 11, 1929; COCP1 46, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Eric Harold Martin|Martin, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX2-MBB] - 1903(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZF Melbourne (Preston, 1931-1933; Richmond, 1937; Elwood, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 764, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1927; Preston, Vic, 1931); motor driver (Richmond, Vic, 1936); chauffeur (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942); fitter (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1954); public servant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963; Carnegie, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Eric Wilfred Martin|Martin, Eric Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z2-D33] - 1916(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Robinvale (1937); 2AHY Balranald (1938-1939); 3HN Bogong (1947-1956); 3APJ Mt Beauty (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1389, 1934; BOCP 353, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bogong, Vic, 1942-1954); superintendent (Mt Beauty, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Seaford South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/George Henry Martin|Martin, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX81-3CT] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FW Sydney (Waverley, 1932-1939); 2AFW Sydney (Waverley, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1010, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Waverley, NSW, 1930-1936); fitter (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/James Frederick Martin|Martin, James Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR6-MS6] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1927-1933); 3JM Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 340, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1936); traveller (North Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954-1963); sales director (Doncaster, Vic, 1967); sales (Noble Park, Vic, 1972)

* [[/James Lennox Alexander Martin|Martin, James Lennox Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTD-3TK] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3NT Melbourne (Dandenong, 1933-1939); 3AV Horsham (1948); 3AV Melbourne (Dandenong, 1954-1960); 3AV Horsham (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1201, 1933, Vic; COCP2 390, 1940; COCP1 470, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Dandenong, Vic, 1931-1934); mechanic (Dandenong, Vic, 1937-1949); radio mechanic (Horsham, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Michael Martin|Martin, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX79-GWZ] - 1886(Ireland)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 146, 1915; 1COCP 58, 1935 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Comment: several contemporaneous JMMs - Electoral Rolls: Ancestry 299 hits too be sifted

* [[/John Robert Martin|Martin, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWFG-HMM] - 1919(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4MX Cunnamulla (1937-1939); 4MX Toowoomba (1946-1954); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1955-1960); 4MX Julia Creek (1965-1969); 4MX Finch Hatton (1975); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1933, 1937, Qld; BOCP 147, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); business proprietor (radio service); Presbyterian minister - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Gaythorne, Qld, 1958; Kingaroy, Qld, 1963); missionary (Blackall, Qld, 1972; Gaythorne, Qld, 1972); minister of religion (Enoggera, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Martin|Martin, Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-PG7] - 1903(UK)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4KY Ipswich (1933-1939); 4KY Brisbane (Sandgate, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1110, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: carriage trimmer (Woodend, Qld, 1925-1937; Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Norman Rex Martin|Martin, Norman Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-JV4] - 1915(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1936; Enfield, 1937-1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1581, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Enfield, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943; Canterbury, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Bexley North, NSW, 1954-1968); managing director (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald William Martin|Martin, Ronald William &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPZ-46T] - 1917(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AHI Casino (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1981, 1937, NSW; BOCP 403, 1941; COCP2 789, 1944; COCP1 795, 1944; TVOCP 455, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Casino, NSW, 1949-1968); technician (Casino, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Silas Martin|Martin, Silas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMT-6WS] - 1874(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Perth, 1903-1906; East Perth, 1912-1914); mechanic (Rockhampton, 1917-1921); radio mechanic (Cooktown, 1925; Beam Wireless Station, Ballan, 1928-1943); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943)

* [[/T. S. Martin|Martin, T. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBE Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter J. Martin|Martin, Walter J.]] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 1, 1914, No. 1 in Aus and Vic, Marconi &amp; Telefunken - commercial operator; coastal station operator?

* [[/William Anthony Martin|Martin, William Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-KPZ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WM Hobart (West Hobart, 1929-1931); 7WM Gawler (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 497, 1929, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 70, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous William Anthony Martin's

===''MARTINSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martinsen|Martinsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sevrin Joseph William Martinsen|Martinsen, Sevrin Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SD-KJG] - 1905(Norway)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2351, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wycheproof, Vic, 1942)

===''MASHMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mashman|Mashman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Wilfred Mashman|Mashman, Lionel Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6K-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2OB Receive Sydney (Bexley, 1923-1924); 2OB Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 84, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MASON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mason|Mason, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Gordon Mason|Mason, Jeffrey Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWM-M3H] - 1912(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5VC Millicent (1947); 5VC Adelaide (Hectorville, 1954-1955; Pennington, 1956; Clarence Park, 1960; Holden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1275, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1942)

===''MASTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Masters|Masters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Harold Masters|Masters, Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPY] - 1875(Vic)-1951(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed); vice president WIA Launceston 1920s; later prominent architect - Relationships: brother of 7MM William Edward Masters - Electoral Rolls: architect (Launceston, 1928-1949)

* [[/Brian Jermyn Masters|Masters, Brian Jermyn &quot;Jermyn&quot;]] - 1891(Vic)-1950(NZ) - Licences: 3LM Receive Melbourne (Armadale, 1923); 3LM Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operated his station both individually and on behalf WIA Malvern

* [[/Herbert Victor Masters|Masters, Herbert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLLC-CV2] - 1883(NSW)-1918(France) - Licences: XHY Sydney (Stanmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, Lieutenant, 1st Anzac Wireless Section, Killed accidentally, 1914-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1647200 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Edward Masters|Masters, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPW] - 1873(Vic)-1952(Tas) - Licences: 7MM Hobart (Bellerive 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1066, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; solicitor - Relationships: brother of Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot; Masters - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Bellerive, 1914-1949) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27111852 Obituary]

===''MATCHETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kenneth Lyle Matchett|Matchett, John Kenneth Lyle &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1L-SCZ] - 1921(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3TL Melbourne (Box Hill, 1960; Templestowe, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3700, 1958, Vic - amateur operator, WW2, member Old Timer's Club - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949); teacher (Bayswater, 1954); lecturer (Templestowe, 1963-1980) - curator of the WIA QSL card collection for many years; personally acquired a large collection of Australian amateur QSL cards which were donated to the WIA collection on his passing, many thousands of QSLs provided by Wolf Harranth of Dokufunk on an exchange basis
===''MATHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mather|Mather, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart Mather|Mather, Alexander Stewart &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTL-WWC] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JZ Singleton (1929-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 479, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 89, 1932; TVOCP 273, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cordial manufacturer (Singleton, 1930-1968)

* [[/Walter Douglas Mather|Mather, Walter Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGZ-B5R] - 1919(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3WD Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947); 3WD Melbourne (Gardiner, 1948); 3AWD Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1960-1969); 4YM Surfers Paradise (1975); 4YM Bribie Island (1980); 2AF? Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1654, 1936, Vic; BOCP 170, 1938; COCP1 892, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); merchant (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1968); investor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977; Bribie Island, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matheson|Matheson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Raymond Matheson|Matheson, Charles Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZL-8KD] - 1915(NSW)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939); 3ATH Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947; Strathmore, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 438; COCP1 8, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954); technical officer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); boat proprietor (Narooma, NSW, 1963); proprietor (Main Beach, Qld, 1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHEWS''===

See also MATTHEWS

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathews|Mathews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Campion Mathews|Mathews, John Campion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-46V] - 1912(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3SY Geelong (Newtown, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+); 3JM Portable Geelong (Newtown, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 709, 1930, Vic; TVOCP 20, 1957; BOCP 261, 1988 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newtown, 1934-1968); operator (Newtown, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Mathews|Mathews, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82Z-KX2] - 1914(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4EE Rockhampton (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1414, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MATHIESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathieson|Mathieson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Hamilton Mathieson|Mathieson, Ian Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVR2-7RN] - 1911(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 3NR Melbourne (Werribee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 313, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Werribee, Vic, 1937-1942); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949-1954; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Blackheath, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MATTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matters|Matters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Warburton Matters|Matters, Leonard Warburton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJS-9QZ] - 1881(SA)-1951(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist; Boer War; acted on behalf West Radio Broadcasting Co, an applicant for the Perth sealed set licence ultimately awarded to Westralian Farmers (6WF) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Perth, WA, 1903-1906; Balkatta, WA, 1910; North Perth, WA, 1925) - TroveTag: &quot;Leonard Warburton Matters&quot; - Links: [[w:Leonard_Matters|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Wallace Lindsay Washington Matters|Matters, Wallace Lindsay Washington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBS-PB4] - 1906(Vic)-2004(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3WW Warrnambool (1934-1939); 3WW Melbourne (Footscray, 1947-1948; Box Hill North, 1954); 3MJ Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1956; Rosanna, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1374, 1934, Vic; COCP1 311, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Warrnambool, Vic, 1931); postal employee (Warrnambool, Vic, 1933-1937); postal clerk (Footscray, Vic, 1942); clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Heidelberg, Vic, 1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980)

===''MATTHEWS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matthews|Matthews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Leslie Matthews|Matthews, Alfred Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTX-LBR] - 1917(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3ZT Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947; Hughesdale, 1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2354, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1949); technician (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Box Hill North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Fred Thomas Matthews|Matthews, Fred or Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-22K] - 1904(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4FK Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); business proprietor (Matthews Fire Alarm Co) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Merthyr, 1925-1958); engineer (New Farm, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Leigh Inglis Matthews|Matthews, John Leigh Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKN-159] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJD Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Richmond, 1913-1919)

* [[/Kenneth Morgan Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-R2W] - 1911(SA)-2009(SA)98yo - Licences: 5GN Adelaide (Malvern, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1732, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/551921 VWMA]

* [[/Kenneth William Pitts Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth William Pitts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT36-MP8] - 1925(Eng)-2006(ACT) - Licences: 2WE Sydney (Artarmon, 1939, 1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2330, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Artarmon, NSW, 1949; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); printer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Royston Oliver Carr Matthews|Matthews, Royston Oliver Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQJ-VML] - 1889(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 21, 1914 - wireless operator AWA at 1914 enlistment; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Light Horse Brigade Signal Troop, 1914-1917; 2nd Squadron AFC, Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mercantile manager (Netherby, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/300087 VWM]; [https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=191405 AIF Project]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/REL36707 brief bio]

* [[/Vincent John Matthews|Matthews, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFW4-NM1] - 1888(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 6AQ Perth (Bayswater, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Stott's College (Principal, early 1920s) - Electoral Rolls: business college master (West Gildford, WA, 1910); manager (Guildford, WA, 1912; Bayswater, WA, 1916-1925); business manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1928); director (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1963)

* [[/Walter John Penrose Matthews|Matthews, Walter John Penrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5TS-HZN] - 1880(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5BS Receive Murray Bridge (1922); Receive Murray Bridge (1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: lifter SA Railways (Tailem Bend, SA, 1939-1943)

===''MAUGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mauger|Mauger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Mauger|Mauger, Samuel &quot;Sam&quot;]] - 1857(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - state politician; senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1908)

===''MAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maughan|Maughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Maughan|Maughan, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-BJW] - 1903(WA)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3HH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3HH Melbourne (Malvern, 1923-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 14, 1924, Vic; AOLCP 82, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, 1925-1954)

===''MAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Mawson|Mawson, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3H-42N] - 1882(Eng)-1958(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Head Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914) - Electoral Rolls: [[w:Douglas Mawson|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mawson-sir-douglas-7531 ADB]
* [[/Ernest Richard Mawson|Mawson, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2W9T-NJN] - 1861(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Campsie, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Parramatta, 1903); no occupation (Dee Why, 1930-1933; Harbord, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1943)

===''MAXWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maxwell|Maxwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. S. Maxwell|Maxwell, H. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAEE Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alston Maxwell|Maxwell, Ronald Alston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZRL-TRZ] - 1908(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 656, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Randwick, 1933; Liverpool, 1934-1935; Croydon, 1936-1937); clerk (Caringbah, 1949)

===''MAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert May|May, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank May|May, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-CXP] - 1878(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6FM Dwellingup (1929-1931); 6FM Gnowangerup (1933); 6FM Esperance (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 139, 1915; AOCP 560, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: stationmaster (Gnowangerup, WA, 1931; Esperance, WA, 1936-1937; Armadale, WA; 1943; Collie, WA, 1949)

===''MAYNARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maynard|Maynard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Stewart Maynard|Maynard, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGN4-3BJ] - 1911(NSW)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2JG Sydney (Croydon, 1931; Haberfield, 1933-1934; Croydon, 1935-1938; Ashfield, NSW, 1939); 9FM Popondetta (1969); 4RY Atherton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 150, 1930; COCP1 86, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; South Perth, WA, 1937); retired (Atherton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MAYGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mayger|Mayger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Hubert Mayger|Mayger, Neil Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F7-J2D] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); sales (Darlinghurst, 1937); salesman (East Sydney, 1937); Sales (Darlinghurst, 1943)

===''MAZURE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mazure|Mazure, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Thomas Mazure|Mazure, Frederick Thomas or Thomas Frederick &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-J2Y] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6MZ Jindong via Busselton (1939, 1948-1969); 6MZ Busselton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2398, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: settler (Group 53 via Busselton, WA, 1931-1963); farmer (Jondong, WA, 1968); retired (Busselton, WA, 1972-1980)

===''MCATEER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph McAteer|McAteer, Brother Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKT-JWB] - 1881(NZ)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Receive Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1923); 5AQ Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCAULEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McAuley|McAuley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Money McAuley|McAuley, William John Money &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKH-Z5Y] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1931); 3BCM Melbourne (Brighton, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 221, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: jackaroo (Nyngan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Womboota, Vic, 1937-1943)

===''MCBRIDE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBride|McBride, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander James McBride|McBride, Alexander James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXR-Z1G] - 1914(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4BR Brisbane (Wilston, 1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2320, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (radio repair) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Wilston, Qld, 1936-1980)

===''MCBURNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBurney|McBurney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Hope McBurney|McBurney, Douglas Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G66Y-BKV] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XHJ Sydney (Milsons Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1958); chartered engineer (Milsons Point, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MCCABE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Bernard McCabe|McCabe, William Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ1C-FN2] - 1864(Irl)-1938(WA) - Licences: 7AQ Clarence Point (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (St Kilda, Vic, 1912; Balaclava, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, 1915-1921; Caulfield, 1924); orchardist (Clarence Point, 1922-1928); civil engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1937)
===''MCCALMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCalman|McCalman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Colin McCalman|McCalman, Maxwell Colin &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-V77] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 142, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: musician (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MCCANDLISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCandlish|McCandlish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack McCandlish|McCandlish, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-TJC] - 1915(Eng)-1943(Ins) - Licences: 3HN Sea Lake (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1468, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Sergeant, Commando, 1943) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Sea Lake, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1685215 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/638249 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCCARTHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCarthy|McCarthy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard John McCarthy|McCarthy, Howard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-NHR] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1847-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2312, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Keith McCarthy|McCarthy, John Keith &quot;Keith / Macca&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G528-9XX] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 3FX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1932-1933); 2IM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1934); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935); 3FX Melbourne (Hampton, 1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939; City, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1954-1956); 9AR On board yacht Pandemonium (1969);  P29AR/MM On board yacht Pandemonium (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1036, 1932, Vic; COCP3 6578, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; state public servant (Vic Railways, telegraphist); military (RAAF, DFC, AFM, AE) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gardiner, Vic, 1928); no occupation (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); wireless mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935); aircraftsman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Templestowe, Vic, 1954; Broadbeach, Qld, 1963); retired (Currumbin Beach, Qld, 1968)

===''MCCARTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCartney|McCartney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm John Young McCartney|McCartney, Malcolm John Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8W-RB1] - 1911(Vic)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1954; St Kilda, 1955-1965; Hampton, 1969-1975); 4KV Cairns (Holloway Beach, 1975; Manunda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2353, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937); artist (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1954-1967; Hampton, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Cairns, Qld, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MCCLELLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis George Trotter McClelland|McClelland, Francis George Trotter &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ3D-X9M] - 1883(Vic)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XMC Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (East Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1916)

===''MCCONNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McConnell|McConnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCONNELL

* [[/James Ross McConnell|McConnell, James Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ7-9FK] - 1895(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XNU Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 303, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); traveller (Kew, Vic, 1922-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Helge McConnell|McConnell, John Helge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-VX3] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3RV Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948); 3RV Eildon (1954); 3RV Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1645, 1936, Vic; BOCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); radio engineer (Eildon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCCORMACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCormack|McCormack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCORMACK

* [[/William Henry Osborne McCormack|McCormack, William Henry Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFZS-FFS] - 1878(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XBH Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1913; Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1943)

===''MCCRACKEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCracken|McCracken, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin Gordon McCracken|McCracken or McCrackan, Colin Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT8-2HB] - 1892(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XJAZ Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Armadale, Vic, 1914-1916); builder (Malvern, Vic, 1916-1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954; Burwood, Vic, 1967-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972)

===''MCCREDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCredie|McCredie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric St Clair McCredie|McCredie, Eric St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBYJ-241] - 1903(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2EV Sydney (Burwood, 1932-1938; Arncliffe, 1939; Brighton-le-Sands, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 921, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of Roland Alexander McCredie - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); pharmaceutical chemist (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Roland Alexander McCredie|McCredie, Roland Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR9-4BL] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Campsie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EV Eric St Clair McCredie - Electoral Rolls: law student (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); solicitor (Burwood, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''MCCUBBIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCubbin|McCubbin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce Lorimer McCubbin|McCubbin, Bruce Lorimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYKR-99F] - 1916(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3SO Melbourne (Richmond, 1936-1939, 1947; Burwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1698, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, Aircraft Repair; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1937-1942); labourer's assistant? (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MCCULLAGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Austral McCullagh|McCullagh, Alexander Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNN-V7Y] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Home Hill, 1923); 2RR Sydney (Balgowlah, 1965-1969); 9NI Norfolk Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2977, 1959; AOLCP 754, 1959; AOCP 4229, 1964, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Sandgate, Qld, 1919); chemist (Inkerman Mill, Qld, 1922); engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930; Abbotsford, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1934-1936); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Green Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MCCULLOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, George Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-SVW] - 1907(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Receive Ballarat (1923-1924); 3GM Ballarat (1925-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 198, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1931-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;3XM-3GM - George Robert McCulloch&quot;

===''MCCUTCHEON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCutcheon|McCutcheon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. A. McCutcheon|McCutcheon, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OX Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCDERMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Westall McDermott|McDermott, James Westall &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-PY2] - 1913(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JM Brisbane (1930) &amp; Nambour (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 711, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4RM Robert Ernest McDermott; son of 4WP Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Nambour, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Robert Ernest McDermott|McDermott, Robert Ernest &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW8-QJ5]  - 1917(Qld)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 4RM Nambour (1938-1939); 4RM Brisbane (Ekibin, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2223, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); business proprietor (radio/TV retail, Ekibin) - Relationships: brother of James Westall McDermott; son of Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, 1943; Ekibin, 1949-1968); TV engineer (Tewantin, Qld, 1972-1980)
* [[/Westall Samuel McDermott|McDermott, Westall Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-2SQ] - 1889(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4WP Nambour (1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2087, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of James Westall McDermott &amp; Robert Ernest McDermott - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Hendon, Qld, 1916-1917; Sandgate, Qld, 1921; Glen Eagle, Qld, 1925-1928; Rosemount, Qld, 1934; Nambour, Qld, 1937-1958); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1963)

===''MCDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonald|McDonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONALD

* [[/Arthur Hunter McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGC-3C4] - 1913(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFC Grafton (1937-1938); 2AFC Lismore (1939); 2AFC Sydney (Maroubra, 1947-1950; Padstow, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: vulcanizer (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1937); fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1943); toolmaker (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Arthur Stephen McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36J-ZLJ] - 1891(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 700, 1922 - broadcast engineer (PMGD, RANRS, AWA); professional society administrator (IEA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1913; St Kilda, Vic, 1916-1924; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936); engineer (Edgecliff, 1943; Double Bay, 1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdonald-arthur-stephen-7333 ADB]; [https://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P001299b.htm Bright Sparks]

* [[/Colin McDonald|McDonald, Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-SCG] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Rockhampton (1935-1938); 2AKK Moree (1939); 4CD Rockhampton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1440, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1958); accountant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Donald McDonald|McDonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)?

* [[/Donald Munro McDonald|McDonald, Donald Munro]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RW-5DX] - 1883(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922); 3KS Melbourne (Yarraville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Yarraville, Vic, 1912-1913); labourer (Yarraville, Vic, 1914-1949); retired (Yarraville, Vic, 1954-1963) - Comment: Several contemporaneous DMMs

* [[/Dudley Carmichael McDonald|McDonald, Dudley Carmichael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1NF-KDY] - 1908(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3DM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Armadale, 1954-1956; Ascot Vale, 1960); 4MY Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 886, 1932, Vic; COCP2 438, 1941; COCP1 514, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1949); technician (Malvern West, Vic, 1954; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1963); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/G. A. McDonald|McDonald, G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DN Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John McDonald|McDonald, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-WJR] - 1894(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 137, 1915; CPRT 190, 1916 (replacement?) - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMcD - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; Ancestry.com 1000s of hits to be sifted

* [[/Robert Rupert McDonald|McDonald, Robert Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18T-ND3] - 1917(Vic)-2011(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3MD Melbourne (Merlynstone, 1947-1975); 3MD Harcourt (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2285, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Mitchell, Vic, 1942); nil (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1972-1977; Harcourt, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Neville McDonald|McDonald, Wilfred Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-DB1] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Parramatta, 1935-1936); 4ZT Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1937; New Farm, 1938-1939; Annerley, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1412, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Annerley, Qld, 1949); electrical engineer (Tennyson, Qld, 1954-1963); manager (Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MCDONELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonell|McDonell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MCDONNELL

* [[/Charles Joseph McDonell|McDonell, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5Q2-CYT] - 1893(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XABS Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 17th Battalion, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (3.5 years) at time of enlistment 1915; Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1650670 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCDONOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonough|McDonough, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONOUGH

* [[/Ernest Richard McDonough|McDonough, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQX-NXY] - 1875(Wales)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920) - Electoral Rolls: Royal Navy (Newport, Vic, 1914-1915); Royal Australian Navy (Yarraville, Vic, 1917-1919); hotel proprietor (West Maitland, 1930-1935); retired (Wickham, 1937)

===''MCDOWALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowall|McDowall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWALL

* [[/Valentine McDowall|McDowall, Valentine &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M14R-SPG] - 1881(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Receive Brisbane (1922); 4CM Brisbane (City, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radiographer; WW2 - 4CM operator primarily Thomas Murray Browse Elliott after about 1925 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Laidley, 1906-1914; Clayfield, 1919; Ascot, 1934-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdowall-valentine-7349 ADB]

===''MCDOWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowell|McDowell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWELL

* [[/George McDowell|McDowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWK-72Y] - 1907(Scotland)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GM Clarence River (1931); 2GM Richmond River (1933); 2GM Grafton (1933-1936); 2GM Sydney (Bankstown, 1937-1938); 2GM Inverell (1939); 2GM Sydney (Earlwood, 1946; Old Guildford, 1947-1955; Chester Hill, 1956-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 825, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: yardman (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932); radio serviceman (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1935); enamel worker (Bankstown, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/John Edward Daniel McDowell|McDowell, John Edward Daniel or John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX86-J52] - 1914(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Ascot, 1937-1939); 4CX Gladstone (1947-1965); 4CX Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1873, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Ascot, Qld, 1937); chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1943-1949); industrial chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1954-1963); chemistry instructor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''MCELREA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McElrea|McElrea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACELREA

* [[/William James McElrea|McElrea, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-M3C] - 1913(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UV Sydney (Daceyville, 1935-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1559, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Daceyville, NSW, 1937-1958)

===''MCELWEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Johnston McElwee|McElwee, George Johnston]] - 1879(Tas)-1981(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - involved with Launceston Radio Clubs searching for the roar

===''MCGARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lloyd Ignatius McGarry|McGarry, Lloyd Ignatius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GT-4PR] - 1919(NSW)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4XY Roma (1937-1939); 4XY Rockhampton (1947); 4XY Brisbane (Taringa, 1948; Coorparoo, 1954-1956); 2ALM Sydney (Lakemba, 1960-1965); 1AM Canberra (Macquarie, 1969-1975); 4ALL Brisbane (Kingston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1943, 1937, Qld; BOCP 139, 1937; 2COCP 607, 1942; 1COCP 1026, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4GR, 4ZR); military (RAAF, WW2, mobile wireless, post WW2 Naval Intelligence); federal public servant (PMGD); scientist (Ionospheric Prediction Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Deagon, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1958)

===''MCGAURAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGauran|McGauran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Duncan James Macfarlane McGauran|McGauran, Duncan James Macfarlane]] - 1849(NZ)-1889(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria, member; Society of Telegraph Engineers, London, member); employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs; WA Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendant Telegraphs; NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs), patents in Quadraplex Telegraphy, father of Duncan James McGauran (telegraphist, accountant, inventor of a telephone meter)

===''MCGEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Carney Mitchell McGee|McGee, Carney Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-9LF] - 1910(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 5LX Adelaide (Mile End, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 676, 1930, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 52, 1936; 1COCP 210, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (North Unley, SA, 1939); assistant radio inspector (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); radio inspector (Kensington, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Como, 1980)
===''MCGEOCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Samuel McGeoch|McGeoch, William Leslie Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVNY-SDX] - 1912(WA)-2007(WA) - Licences: 6WL Brookton (1935-1939, 1947-1956); 6WL Bunbury (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1442, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brookton, WA, 1936-1943); radio service (Brookton, WA, 1958); electrician (Carey Park, WA, 1968-1980)

===''MCGOWAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGowan|McGowan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Clarence Graham McGowan|McGowan, Robert Clarence Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYK3-KJF] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3GO Sale (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3GO Melbourne (Frankston, 1954-1956; Blackburn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1733, 1936, Vic; BOCP 138, 1937; TVOCP 178, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1943-1949); radio technician (Frankston, Vic, 1954); technician (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1972); technical officer (Blackburn, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Samuel Walker McGowan|McGowan, Samuel Walker]] - 1829(Irl)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Vic Posts and Telegraphs (Superintendent Telegraphs), successfully tendered for the first Australian electric telegraph 1854 (Melbourne to Williamstown) then appointed to the public service to operate and maintain it, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria)

* [[/William Eugene Charles McGowan|McGowan, William Eugene Charles]] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2MQ Sydney (Haberfield, 1932-1934); 2ABF Sydney (Five Dock, 1936); 2MQ Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Waverley, 1938; Bondi, 1939; Abbotsford, 1946; Concord West, 1947-1950; Rydalmere, 1954-1961; Epping, 1965; Turramurra, 1969; Wollstonecraft, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1031, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, NSW, 1932-1935); traveller (Five Dock, 1937); foreman (Five Dock, 1943); supervisor (Concord West, NSW, 1949); assistant superintendant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1954-1958); factory superintendent (Epping, NSW, 1963); manager (Turramurra South, NSW, 1968); superintendent (Turramurra South, NSW, 1972); manager (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1977)

===''MCGRANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrane|McGrane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Milton Clarence McGrane|McGrane, John Milton Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-B72] - 1911(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1015, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''MCGRATH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Philip McGrath|McGrath, Edward Philip &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW87-9K5] - 1906(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5MO Adelaide (Parkside, 1933-1939; West Mitcham, 1947-1965; Aldgate, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1175, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Parkside, SA, 1939)
* [[/Francis Thomas McGrath|McGrath, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-HRN] - 1891(Tas)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 87, 1915; 1COCP 45, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Moonah, Tas, 1919); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1922); engineer (Eagle Junction, 1925); telegraphist (South Yarra, 1926-1927); supervisor (Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1934; Camberwell, Vic, 1936)

===''MCGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGregor|McGregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Aenas McGregor|McGregor, Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WT] - 1865(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XJEA Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Father of 3ZE Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Armadale, 1919; Toorak, 1928-1936)

* [[/John Ferguson McGregor|McGregor, John Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-8KP] - 1898(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2MY Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1937; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 938, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Signal Sqdrn Engineers, 1917-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JFMs - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenmore, NSW, 1930-1931; Drummoyne, NSW, 1933; Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935; Paddington, NSW, 1937); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor|McGregor, Keith Wilfred Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WQ] - 1903(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZE Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1924; Toorak, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 52, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of XJEA Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toorak, 1925-1928)

* [[/Robert Ross McGregor|McGregor, Robert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCC-MQW] - 1917(NZ)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XZ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937); 3XZ Warragul (1938-1939); 3XZ Mooroopna (1947-1948); 3XZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1954-1975; Frankston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1937, Vic; BOCP 65, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mooroopna, Vic, 1949); technician (Mentone, Vic, 1954; Mordialloc, Vic, 1967); electronics (Frankston, Vic, 1977); engineer (Stawell, Vic, 1980)

===''MCGRIGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Ross McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCB-TMN] - 1911(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCGUIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuigan|McGuigan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allyn Joseph McGuigan|McGuigan, Allyn Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95X-QF6] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AEP Mudgee (1938-1939, 1946-1954); 2AEP Lismore (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 19, 1930; AOCP 2158, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1930); factory hand (Annandale South, NSW, 1931-1933); mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1936; Mudgee, NSW, 1937-1954); radio technician (Lismore, NSW, 1958-1963); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1980)

===''MCGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuire|McGuire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Patrick Holman McGuire|McGuire, Leo Patrick Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HK-B2T] - 1906(NSW)-2001(WA) - Licences: 3KM Myrtleford (1929-1937); 3KM Corryong (1938-1939); 6MG Manjimup (1947-1969); 6MG Perth (Thornlie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 488, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Wangaratta, Vic, 1928); picture proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1931); postal employee (Myrtleford, Vic, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Mt Magnet, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1949); radio mechanic (Manjimup, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MCHUGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Charles McHugh|McHugh, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-V5Z] - 1914(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KA or 6KD Perth (Guildford, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1766, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Guildford, WA, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Belmont, WA, 1949; North Perth, WA, 1954); mechanic (Cottesloe, WA, 1954; Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1972)

===''MCINTOSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Edgar McIntosh|McIntosh, Raymond Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P8-MW7] - 1897(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFA Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914); 2ZG Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1925); 2AFQ Sydney (CBD, 1948-1950; Rose Bay, 1954; Turramurra, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: CPRT 165, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP3 675, 1948 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Bulimba, Qld, 1928); sound engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943-1954); sound engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFA-2ZG-2AFQ - Raymond Edgar McIntosh&quot;
* [[/Stanley John James McIntosh|McIntosh, Stanley John James &quot;Stan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-C5P] - 1913(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4PK Ipswich (Woodend, 1931-1939); 4PK Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 730, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (workshop foreman); business proprietor (electrical engineering) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woodend, Qld, 1934-1937; Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''MCINTYRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McIntyre|McIntyre, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel George McIntyre|McIntyre, Daniel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTNG-PHV] - 1901(NZ?)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2VX Receive Sydney (Pymble, 1923); 2VX Sydney (Pymble, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1958); radio retailer (Pymble, 1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2VX - Daniel George McIntyre&quot;

* [[/Leslie Richard McIntyre|McIntyre, Leslie Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LN2V-BXN] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Melbourne (Altona, 1947; West Melbourne, 1948-1960; Clayton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2294, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1192, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Murtoa, Vic, 1936-1942); radio worker (Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCKAIL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Lancelot Martyn McKail|McKail, Henry Lancelot Martyn or Martin &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 1887(WA)-1944(WA) - Licences: 6BT Perth (City, 1923-1924); 6BU Perth (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgan River, WA, 1910; West Perth, WA, 1916-1917); science master (Crawley, WA, 1925-1937)

===''MCKELLAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKellar|McKellar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rudolph Warren McKellar|McKellar, Rudolph Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWNZ-17F] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJAT Melbourne (Toorak, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, enlisted, not called up for duty); WW2 (2AIF, Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1925); manager (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1968)

===''MCKENNA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenna|McKenna, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Mathew McKenna|McKenna, Archibald Mathew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G554-45L] - 1917(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2WB Sydney (Five Dock, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1512, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Yamba, NSW, 1980)

===''MCKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenzie|McKenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander John McKenzie|McKenzie, Alexander John]] - 1905(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Bruce Alexander McKenzie|McKenzie, Bruce Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH3-NBY] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3VF Melbourne (Preston, 1935-1939); 3VF Geelong (Drysdale, 1947-1948); 3VF Melbourne (Croydon, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1539, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943; Drysdale, Vic, 1949); radio mechanic (Croydon, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Cecil Roland McKenzie|McKenzie, Cecil Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-L7Q] - 1899(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Sydney (Watson's Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; electrical fitter apprentice (Warburton Franki, 1915-1917); WW1 (Private, 2nd Bat AIF, 1917-1920; gassed France 1918, invalided); WW2 (Staff Skipper, RANVR, 1944)- draftsman (-1930-1958) - Relationships: husband of 2GA-2FV Florence Violet Granville - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958)

* McKenzie, Florence Violet  (married name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/Kenneth Adam McKenzie|McKenzie, Kenneth Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-Y26] - 1914(Vic)-2014(Vic)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1877, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1977; Box Hill North, Vic, 1980)

===''MCKEONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKeone|McKeone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Charles McKeone|McKeone, James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6JC-Y1F] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3CV Melbourne (Essendon, 1935-1939); 3JY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1554, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newmarket, Vic, 1921-1925; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1927-1936); railway employee (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MCKEOWN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan McIllroy McKeown|McKeown, Allan McIllroy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69J-SFC] - 1904(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3YZ Melbourne (Alphington, 1924-1927); 3YZ Geelong (1931); 3YZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1933-1939, 1946-1969); 3YZ Ocean Grove (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 51, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 42, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1936-1954; Alphington, 1968); nil (Ocean Grove, 1972-1977)

===''MCKINLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Harold McKinley|McKinley, Norman Harold &quot;Shorty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWGP-TLC] - 1913(???)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 969, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Milton, Qld, 1949-1972); driver (Paddington, Qld, 1980)

===''MCLAUCHLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles David McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Charles David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYL6-PYY] - 1876(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 6BW Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923); 6BW Perth (Victoria Park, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1906; Perth, 1910-1916); telegraph engineer (Victoria Park, 1925); superintendent telegraphs (South Yarra, 1931; Camberwell, 1937-1943)

===''MCLAUGHLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLaughlin|McLaughlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* See also McLauchlan

* See also McLoughlin

* [[/William Reuben McLaughlin|McLaughlin, William Reuben]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMF-Q14] - 1904(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1932-1937); 2ML Taree (1938); 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1939; Mosman, 1946-1950); 3AMY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1965; Ringwood East, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1061, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943); proprietor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958); radio technician (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963); technician (Ringwood East, Vic, 1968)

===''MCLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLean|McLean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stewart Campbell McLean|McLean, Stewart Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86G-PMR] - 1910(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3GK Melbourne (Yarraville, 1930-1933; Brunswick, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; Caulfield, 1960); 3AIA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 601, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 65, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarraville, 1931-1936); nil (Elsternwick, 1954); engineer (Caulfield, 1958-1980)

===''MCLENNAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth McLennan|McLennan, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9H-B4N] - 1892(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 124, 1915; 2COCP 185, 1930; 1COCP 238, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous KMcLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCLEOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLeod|McLeod, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McLeod|McLeod, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMKJ-L25] - 1972(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4CF Receive Brisbane (Red Hill, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Red Hill, 1903-1905); pastrycook (Red Hill, 1908-1926; Mt Bruce, 1929-1943)

* [[/Gordon Stuart McLeod|McLeod, Gordon Stuart or Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-38Y] - 1912(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 3ZZ Geelong (West Geelong, 1930-1931; Newtown, 1933); 2RU Sydney (Kogarah, 1935; Enfield, 1936); 3ZZ Geelong (Crib Point, 1937; Wallington, 1938); 2ADC Sydney (Sans Souci, 1939; Hurstville, 1946-1947; Beverley Hills, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 707, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Crib Point, Vic, 1937); petty officer RAN (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); clerk (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Herbert Allan McLeod|McLeod, Herbert Allan &quot;Allan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLB-YFG] - 1915(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3YR Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1933); 3AHM Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1948; Aspendale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 994, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Richmond, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949); technical officer (Carrum, Vic, 1954-1968; Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman McLeod|McLeod, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86P-8F2] - 1901(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3NM Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 602, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Caulfield, 1937-1968)

* [[/Norman James McLeod|McLeod, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK7-SCW] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 2PM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Greenwich, 1935-1936; Artarmon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 939, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 172, 1938; AIR1 4, 1939; COCP1 261, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Pilot Officer, 10 Sqdn, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1936); electrical fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1716727 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=98021 RAF Commands]; [https://www.facebook.com/rafcommand/photos/this-well-worn-sunderland-iii-w4004z-coded-rb-z-of-no-10-squadron-raaf-has-just-/807939482876236/?locale=hi_IN&amp;paipv=0&amp;eav=Afb4brXKggt7tJAxg7ngyMVMHLg2UozgHsnnZvzuguk1v9yNpf8dTYamtXan_MOYRbo&amp;_rdr Photo of salvaged plane] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCLOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/E. C. McLoughlin|McLoughlin, E. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5KJ Port Lincoln (1928-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MCMAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMahon|McMahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Hanney McMahon|McMahon, Leo Hanney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD8-XQH] - 1914(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 4LM Brisbane (Toombul, 1933-1938); 2ALM Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1939); 2AC Sydney (Kingsford, 1946-1950; Randwick, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1104, 1933, Qld) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, AMC); occupation (doctor) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MCMANAMEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William McManamey|McManamey, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1ZX-29T] - 1895(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XIR Sydney (Milson's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1937); company executive (Killara, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Killara, NSW, 1968-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIR - William McManamey&quot;

===''MCMASTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/D. C. McMaster|McMaster, D. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IZ Receive Cassilis (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: 
* [[/John McMaster|McMaster, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls:

===''MCMATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMath|McMath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Joseph McMath|McMath, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KG-ZK2] - 1910(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3JJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1927-1939; South Melbourne, 1946-1960; Elwood, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 351, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968; Black Rock, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''MCMILLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMillan|McMillan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Chestnut McMillan|McMillan, Joseph Chestnut]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-8TG] - 1901(Sct)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 7BP Receive Hobart (City, 1923); 7BP Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1928)

===''MCMURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMurray|McMurray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McMurray|McMurray, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4W-BTZ] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AEV Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1820, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: section manager (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1958); assistant manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1958); manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Curng, NSW, 1980)

===''MCMURTRIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Adam McMurtrie|McMurtrie, Sydney Adam or Adam Sydney &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQM-DQW] - 1908(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4JR Booval (1929-1933); 2AFX Lismore (1937-1939); 4KT Gympie (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 491, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Gympie, 1936); radio salesman (Lismore, 1937); telephone mechanic (Gympie, 1943-1980)
===''MCNAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNair|McNair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James McNair|McNair, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6K-TB3] - 1891(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XPI Melbourne (Brunswick West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Brunswick, Vic, 1914-1922; St Kilda, Vic, 1924; Brunswick West, Vic, 1927-1977)

===''MCNALLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNally|McNally, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Cornelius McNally|McNally, Roy Cornelius or Cornelius Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF9-TLQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CE Berriwillock (1931-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 775, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Berriwillock, Vic, 1928-1977)

===''MCNALTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNalty|McNalty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph McNalty|McNalty, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXW-67M] - 1901(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DZ Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Mackay, Qld, 1930-1943); public servant (Fairfield, Qld, 1949); clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1954); telegraphist (St Lucia, Qld, 1958)

===''MCNAMARA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNamara|McNamara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sidney McNamara|McNamara, John Sidney or Sydney &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55R-7ZL] - 1915(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2EQ Sydney (Oatley, 1935-1937; Hornsby, 1938-1939; Randwick, 1946-1947; Oatley, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1483, 1935, NSW; BOCP 566, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1943); musician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Staunton McNamara|McNamara, Staunton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-VYS] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5ZH Blackwood (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2174, 1938, SA; BOCP 268, 1939; TVOCP 232, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''MCNICOL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNicol|McNicol, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Edgar McNicol|McNicol, Robert William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-6NN] - 1917(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4WM Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1680, 1936, Qld; BOCP 57, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Teneriffe, Qld, 1943); university lecturer (Tarragindi, Qld, 1954-1972)

===''MCNIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99V6-PW7] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1795, 1936, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: government employee (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1924; Echuca, Vic, 1927); telegraphist (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); salesman (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); postmaster (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963)

===''MCPHERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McPherson|McPherson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin John McPherson|McPherson, Colin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H3-CBF] - 1914(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2VO West Maitland (1933-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1134, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Maitland, NSW, 1936-1954); projectionist (Maitland East, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Colin Thomas McPherson|McPherson, Colin Thomas or Thomas Collins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-HST] - 1897(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3LU Melbourne (Footscray, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 523, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Field Artillery Brigade, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: student (Footscray, 1919); storeman (Footscray, 1922-1942)

* [[/Ewen Cameron McPherson|McPherson or Macpherson, Ewen or Ewen Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5MS-M88] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XABO Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 169, 1915 (Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator (Navy, pre-WW1); WW1 (Army, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Troop, Sapper-Corporal-Sergeant, 1916-1918, Invalided) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Clarenza, NSW, 1913); radio telegraphist (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Murdoch John McPherson|McPherson, Murdoch or Murdock John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/27D9-9TB] - 1904(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4MC Merinda (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 916, 1926; 2COCP 58, 1929; 1COCP 161, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Merinda, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1929); clerk (Mt Coolah, NSW, 1968)

===''MCTAGGART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McTaggart|McTaggart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Kenneth McTaggart|McTaggart, Frederick Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQT-DYW] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3NW Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939; Glen Iris, 1947-1948; South Camberwell, 1954-1956; Hawthorn East, 1960-1969); 3NW Woori Yallock (1975); 3NW Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+); 3ANW Portable Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947; South Camberwell, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1285, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954); scientist (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; St Kilda, Vic, 1972); retired (Box Hill, Vic, 1980)

===''MCVINISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McVinish|McVinish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Robertson McVinish|McVinish, James Robertson or Robertson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNR-BDH] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4MV Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2363, 1939, Qld; COCP2 1068, 1946; COCP1 1226, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); radio technician (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1972); technician (Sunnybank Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MEAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mead|Mead, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Mead|Mead, Jack]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-ZSH] - 1915(WA)-2009(WA) - Licences: 6LJ Perth (East Victoria Park, 1931-1939; Wembley, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 803, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 168, 1934; 1COCP 289, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Victoria Park, WA, 1937); mechanic (Wembley, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Jordan Arthur Mead|Mead, Jordan Arthur or Arthur Jordan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTJF-1KH] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1924); 2JA Sydney (Ashfield, 1925-1928); 2JA Byron Bay (1929-1930); 2AJA Sydney (Ashfield, 1946; Bexley, 1947-1957); 2JM Sydney (Bexley, 1958-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 212, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Byron Bay, NSW, 1930; Ashfield, NSW, 1931-1943); power technician (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1968); electrical field officer (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William James Mead|Mead, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZK-L78] - 1915(SA)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JM Adelaide (Walkerville, 1947-1948; Ferryden Park, 1954); 4BM Brisbane (Gumdale, 1955-1956; Mitchelton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2267, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Malvern, SA, 1943; Gumdale, Qld, 1958; Mitchelton, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''MEADOWS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Meadows|Meadows, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-ZRK] - 1907(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 4RM Mackay (1932-1939);  2ARM Sydney (Kirribilli, 1946-1948); 2IN Sydney (Rhodes, 1956-1958; Chiswick, 1960; Long Jetty, 1961; Killarney Vale, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 879, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (Pems Radio, Rockhampton); journalist (Minchens Electrical Weekly); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: reporter (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1932); radiotrician (Mackay, 1934-1937); wireless instructor (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); manager (Rhodes, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Five Dock, NSW, 1958; Killarney Vale, NSW, 1963)

===''MEDHURST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medhurst|Medhurst, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Edney Medhurst|Medhurst, Edgar Edney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-WFC] - 1902(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Eric Charles Medhurst|Medhurst, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-5RC] - 1915(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1947; Caringbah, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1350, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); charge hand (Yowie Bay, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frederick William Medhurst|Medhurst, Frederick William &quot;Pop&quot; (in latter years)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4GS-R6P] - 1868(Eng)-1969(Tas) 101yo - Licences: XZD Hobart (1913-1914); 7AH Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923); 7AH Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1924-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter from 1901; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (Medhurst &amp; Sons, 1920s) - Relationships: father of  Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst, all in the business and interested in radio

* [[/Harry Frederick Medhurst|Medhurst, Harry Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-QZV] - 1893(Tas)-1963(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Phillip Aubrey Medhurst|Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-DFX] - 1895(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Rowland Arthur Medhurst|Medhurst, Rowland Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-ZT4] - 1892(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, lecturing on wireless 1911, never licensed, likely utilised licence of XZD-7AH (father), son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst

===''MEDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medley|Medley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David John Medley|Medley, David John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-K4J] - 1919(Eng)-2010(USA)90yo - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939; Melbourne CBD, 1947; Carlton, 1948); 5AE Portable Darwin (1948); 3DL Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2116, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Melbourne University, Carlton, Vic, 1943); engineer (Civil Aviation, Darwin, NT, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954); teller? (Unanderra. NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MEDLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medlin|Medlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel James Clifford Medlin|Medlin, Noel James Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MB-743] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (ABCB); federal public servant (ABCB); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, 1943; St Kilda, 1949; Camberwell, 1954-1977); retired (Inverloch, 1980) - Comment: father of AM directional antennas in Australia

===''MENON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey John Menon|Menon, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-3CQ] - 1905(SA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 3OG Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3OG Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1927); 2OG Sydney (Haberfield, 1928; Croydon, 1929-1931); 3OG Melbourne (East Kew, 1933); 2OG Sydney (Northbridge, 1934-1935; Chatswood, 1936-1937; Longueville, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Pymble, 1950; West Pennant Hills, 1954-1965; Arcadia, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 209, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda West, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1934); radio engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Longueville, NSW, 1943); engineer (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954-1958; Arcadia, NSW, 1968)

===''MERCHIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie George Merchin|Merchin, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTLT-SSF] - 1917(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ML Richmond (1934-1939); 4MG Richmond (1948); 4MG Killarney (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1399, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Richmond, Qld, 1943-1949); motor mechanic (Killarney, Qld, 1954-1968; Rockhampton North, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MEREDITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement George Benger Meredith|Meredith, Clement George Benger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJD-6S6] - 1885(WA)-1959(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 15, 1914 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1916); officer-in-charge wireless (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917)
* [[/Llewellyn Lennon Meredith|Meredith, Llewellyn Lennon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8W-LV7] - 1885(Eng)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 246, 1916 - ship wireless officer, AWA (traffic manager) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Gone too soon - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_04_04#P.22_-_Obituary_-_Mr._L._L._Meredith|Obit]]
===''MESSENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Messenger|Messenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percival Albert Messenger|Messenger, Percival Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRP-BS1] - 1892(SA)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 5PM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 70, 1915 (Marconi); CPRT 152, 1915 (Balsillie) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manager (Randwick, NSW, 1936; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''MEYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyer|Meyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Cecil Meyer|Meyer, Frederick Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G254-32B] - 1914(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AGY Sydney (Annandale, 1937-1938); 2AGY Newcastle (Waratah, 1939; Newcastle, 1946-1950; North Lambton, 1954; Newcastle, 1955-1961; Highfields, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1910, 1937, NSW; COCP2 150, 1938; COCP1 555, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 
constable (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Waratah, NSW, 1943); police constable (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; North Lambton, NSW, 1954); shopkeeper (Newcastle, NSW, 1958); business proprietor (Highfields, NSW, 1963); cleaner (Newcastle, NSW, 1968); hospital employee (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MEYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyers|Meyers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Samuel Meyers|Meyers, Leo Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-485] - 1915(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946; Yagoona, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1397, 1934, NSW; AOCP1 7, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943); electrical mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Morris Henry Meyers|Meyers, Morris Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93NK-C56] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2VN Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1939, 1946-1948; Killara, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1477, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mosman, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1529423 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1681488 VWM]

===''MIATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arthur Miatt|Miatt, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJB-QNV] - 1890(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAR Sydney (Botany, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''MICHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Michell|Michell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hector Ernest Henderson Michell|Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNQ-T5H] - 1897(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3JP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3JP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1931; Elsternwick, 1933); 3JP Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AEM Hamilton (1960-1969); 3JX Hamilton (1975-1980+); operator of 3LR Elsternwick Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 162, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Army Veterinary Corps, Anzac Mounted Division, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Balaclava, 1919-1921); draftsman (Caulfield, 1922); land officer (Hamilton, 1936-1980)

===''MIDDLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Middleton|Middleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Middleton|Middleton, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSF-1MV] - 1901(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2SU Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1939); 2RE Sydney (CBD, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943); technician (Beresfield, NSW, 1954)

===''MIKKELSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mikkelsen|Mikkelsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Clein Mikkelsen|Middleton, Gordon Clein]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB47-NHW] - 1916(Vic)-2008(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3XV Melbourne (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1917, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: spring maker (Coburg, Vic, 1942); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Doncaster East, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MILBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Leslie Milburn|Milburn, Henry Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-8VJ] - 1890(Vic)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Home Hill (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowong, 1919); electrical engineer (Home Hill, 1922-1925; Stanthorpe, 1934-1949) - Halcyon: not mentioned?

===''MILES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gilbert Thomas Miles|Miles, Gilbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-X19] - 1904(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3II Receive Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1922); 3II Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1924-1925); 3KQ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1937); 7KQ Hobart (Bellerive, 1937-1939); 2KI Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1969; Campsie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1019, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 106, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1931); engineer (Elsternwick, 1936); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1972); engineer (Croydon, 1977-1980)
* [[/Harry Raymond Miles|Miles, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NJ-DQ2] - 1911(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1933); 6XL Wiluna (1937); 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 645, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wiluna Gold Mines, WA, 1936; Mt Beauty, Vic, 1954); poultry farmer (Balga, WA, 1958-1972); farmer (Wanneroo, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Eric Mill|Mill, William Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9779-JP8] - 1896(SA)-1980(WA) - Licences: XYAG Burbanks (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1919; Balkatta, WA, 1921-1922; North Perth, WA, 1925); electrical engineer (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; Maylands, WA, 1949-1968; Inglewood, WA, 1972-1980)
===''MILLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roydon Arthur Milledge|Milledge, Roydon Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMJY-3DW] - 1903(Vic)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 3WT Shepparton (1936-1937); 7WT Hobart (1938-1939); 7WT Ulverstone (1947-1948+); 7WT Hobart (1956-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1693, 1936, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; bank clerk 1931; Civil Engineer 1950s - Electoral Rolls: assistant engineer (State Savings Bank, Auburn, 1927); engineer (Glenhuntley, 1931-1934); civil engineer (Shepparton, 1936)

===''MILLEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millen|Millen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice see Joyce Alice Ward

* [[/John Dunlop Millen|Millen, John Dunlop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC9X-S4W] - 1877(Irl)-1941(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; senator - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Waratah, 1914-1919; Newstead, 1922-1937)

* [[/Dudley Robert Millen|Millen, Dudley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y9-9Z3] - 1908(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3EA Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922); 2DU Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1932-1936); 2LQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1051, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2DU amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2DU Dubbo commercial service - Relationships: Husband of 2MI Joyce Alice Millen nee - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1968); mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972)

===''MILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Miller|Miller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Howard Miller|Miller, Adrian Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-18L] - 1916(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Melbourne (Canterbury, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Glen Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2069, 1938, Vic; BOCP 428, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); accountant (Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Croydon, Vic, 1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Arthur Albert Case Miller|Miller, Arthur Albert Case]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNFH-2N1] - 1895(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XLP Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (AIF, AMTS) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); motor engineer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Gunnedah, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Charles Alexander Miller|Miller, Charles Alexander &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-YRR] - 1915(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4US Brisbane (New Farm, 1933-1936); 2ADE Casino (1935-1939, 1946-1961); 4QM Caloundra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1208, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Casino, 1943-1963); army officer (Ipswich, 1963); retired (Shelley Beach, 1968-1972; Caloundra, 1977-1980)

* [[/Charles Harcourt Miller|Miller, Charles Harcourt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-9QY] - 1921(Tas)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7CM Hobart (Bellerive, 1936-1939; Taroona, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1799, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Bellerive, 1943)

* [[/Francis George Miller|Miller, Francis George &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-LHT] - 1895(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BF Mt Gambier (1923-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 185, 1925, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 58, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; founder of commercial station 5MU Murray Bridge; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Murray Bridge, 1939-1943) [https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/FrankMiller.pdf Biography]

* [[/Frank Colin Miller|Miller, Frank Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9C-86L] - 1884(Eng)-1953(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 126, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engine operator (Radio Station, Roebourne, 1916-1917); station hand (Marron Station, 1918; Carnarvon, 1921; Mallina, 1922-1925); contractor (Roebourne, 1930-1936; Karratha Station, 1937); labourer (Roebourne, 1943); cook (Wittenoom Gorge, 1949)

* [[/H. Miller|Miller, H.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4EH Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1924); 2EH Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert Edward Miller|Miller, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-XMX] - 1899(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HE Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 932, 1926; 2COCP 329, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Campsie, 1930; Belmore, 1932-1943); miner (Glen Davis, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Miller|Miller, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-7LH] - 1897(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4CA Receive Brisbane (West End, 1922); 4HL Brisbane (Hill End, 1927) - Qualifications: CPRT 330, 1917; 2COCP 329, 1940; 1COCP 483, 1940s; BOCP 370, 1941 - ship wireless officer (RMS Bingera, 1920); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (J. B. Chandler, 1924; Overells, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (West End, 1921); salesman (West End, 1925); manager (Coorparoo, 1928); salesman (Coorparoo, 1937-1954); clerk (Camp Hill, 1958-1963)

* [[/Ivan Vinal Miller|Miller, Ivan Vinal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57T-58R] - 1911(NSW)-1972(Aus) - Licences: 2EG Quirindi (1933); 3EG Tallangatta (1937-1939); 3EG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1168, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Quirindi, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1933; Tallangatta, Vic, 1934-1942; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954)

===''MILLERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millerd|Millerd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gerald Frederick Millerd|Millerd, Gerald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-66L] - 1915(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3XT Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1630, 1936, Vic; BOCP 1295, 1953; TVOCP 26, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MILLIGAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stanley Hugh Milligan|Milligan, Stanley Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2CB1-L7Y] - 1901(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3AU Receive Geelong (1922-1923); 3AU Geelong (1924); 3AU Eaglehawk (1924-1926); 3AU Chilwell (1927-1931); 3AU Geelong (1937-1939); 3AU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947; Auburn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 125, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 164, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Eaglehawk, 1924-1926; Geelong West, 1924); radio mechanic (Chilwell, 1927-1931); watchman (Geelong West, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Hawthorn, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, 1954-1968); nil (Doncaster, 1972)
===''MILLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mills|Mills, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Griffiths John Mills|Mills, Griffiths John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CK Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Subiaco, WA, 1929-1931)

* [[/Leopold Benjamin Bertram Mills|Mills, Leopold Benjamin Bertram or Benjamin Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY8-4NL] - 1923(NSW)-2016(NSW)93yo - Licences: 2AJN Sydney (Port Hacking, 1938-1939); 2AJE Sydney (Point Piper, 1948; Strathfield, 1950; Caringbah, 1954-1961; Cronulla, 1965-1968; Dover Heights, 1975; Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2108, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1958); solicitor (Cronulla, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Norman Gibson Mills|Mills, Norman Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9415-SSS] - 1890(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 4NM Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Margate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, Qld, 1919); contractor (Moorooka, Qld, 1921-1954); retired (Margate, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Ralph Mervyn Mills|Mills, Ralph Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JD-GST] - 1909(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Balmain, 1930-1934; Canterbury, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 660, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Balmain, NSW, 1931-1937); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1977; West Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William John Mills|Mills, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB37-DBR] - 1911(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QB Maffra (1937); 3QB Moe (1938-1939); 3QB Newport (1947); 3QB Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1948-1969; Mentone, 1975; Carrum, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1846, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Maffra, Vic, 1936-1937; Army?, wife at Kyabram, Vic, 1942); bank officer (Mentone, Vic, 1949-1954; Mordialloc East, Vic, 1963-1968); manager (Mentone, Vic, 1977); retired (Carrum, Vic, 1980)

===''MILNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Brough Milne|Milne, Andrew Brough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KXN-QZV] - 1890(South Africa)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Dealer Mackay (1926-1927) - Qualifications: 3COCP 3492, 1961 - dealer licence - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Mackay, 1915-1943); mechanical engineer (North Mackay, 1949-1977)
* [[/John Collicott Milne|Milne, John Collicott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP34-518] - 1903(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7AG Gretna (1923-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 604, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gretna, 1928-1980)
===''MILNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milner|Milner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Milner|Milner, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7W-W4D] - 1908(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6GF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 788, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1931; North Beach, WA, 1936-1937); RAAF (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/James Milner|Milner, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXH-1DM] - 1901(Eng)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4AK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1923-1927; Ashgrove, 1931-1936); 4AU Brisbane (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 93, 1925, No. 11 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (prominent from Valley Theatre) - Withdrawal: 4AK amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 4AK Oakey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kelvin Grove, 1925-1926); electrical fitter (Ashgrove, 1928-1943)

===''MILTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milton|Milton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Willis Milton|Milton, Harry Willis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DSK-S68] - 1904(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2NM Mudgee (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1185, 1933, NSW; BOCP 244, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop keeper (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); electrician (Mudgee, NSW, 1935-1936); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Gulgong, NSW, 1949-1954); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958); retired (Mudgee, NSW, 1963-1968; Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''MINCHIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Minchin|Minchin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur W. Minchin|Minchin, Arthur W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4RO Cmcl); wireless retail business proprietor - seems in error, see William Allan Minchin 

* [[/William Allan Minchin|Minchin, William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV7Q-86C] - 1893(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 220, 1916; 2COCP 365, 1931; 1COCP 244, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer operator (Wyndham, 1917); farmer (Toodyay, 1925); radio engineer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943; Lismore, 1949-1954; Hunters Hill, 1958-1968); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1972)

===''MINEHAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Minehan|Minehan, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MINGAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mingay|Mingay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oswald Francis Mingay|Mingay, Oswald Francis &quot;Ossie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K45G-NZG] - 1895(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Turramurra, 1923-1926; Sydney, 1931-1933) -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; journalist; publisher; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Collaroy, 1930); managing editor (Pymble, 1930-1932); radio engineer (Lindfield, 1933-1934); publisher (Lindfield, 1937-1963; St Ives, 1963-1968) - Comment: licensed operator of 2WV Burgin Electric Co. (1923) - TroveTag: &quot;2XX - Oswald Francis Mingay&quot; - Links: [[w:Oswald Francis Mingay|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mingay-oswald-francis-ossie-11135 ADB]; [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Mingay.htm MacKinnon]

===''MINTO''===

* [[/Jack Carrick Minto|Minto, Jack or John Carrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW3-21W] - 1909(Thailand)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1594, 1935, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); manager (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MITCHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Theodore Mitchell|Mitchell, Alexander Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-CC2] - 1872(???)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Receive Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Red Hill, Qld, 1921; Torwood, Qld, 1922); electrical engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Wilston, Qld, 1928-1929; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1963)

* [[/Dudley McRae Mitchell|Mitchell, Dudley McRae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDX-6HD] - 1911(NSW)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 9DM Watut River, New Guinea (1938); 4NYN Labrador (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q559, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Tahmor, NSW, 1949); engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1949); clerk (Darra, Qld, 1963; Margate, Qld, 1963); plant operator (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1977)

* [[/Harold Benson Mitchell|Mitchell, Harold Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-QN7] - 1901(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3CZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Elwood, 1924-1927); manager (Caulfield, 1937); manufacturer (Caulfield, 1942); manager (Caulfield, 1949); merchant (St Kilda, 1949); manager (St Kilda, 1954)

* Mitchell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; - see Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; (frequent misspelling)

* [[/John Athol James Mitchell|Mitchell, John Athol James &quot;Athol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTHV-CY2] - 1913(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923); 2JA Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2JA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938); 2JA Albury (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1248, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937); manager (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Robert Stanley Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99W8-5H2] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AID Wagga Wagga (1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2011, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ronald James Mitchell|Mitchell, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV9-D28] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AGJ Sydney (Roseville, 1937-1939; Lindfield, 1946-1950); 4GQ Woombye (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1902, 1937, NSW; BOCP 238, 1939; COCP3 3562, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Camaray, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); farmer (Woombye, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Stanley John Mitchell|Mitchell, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-Q83] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Monaco) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 53, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toorak, 1912-1916; Brighton, 1919-1928); investor (Brighton, 1936-1937) financier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

* [[/William Thomas Seabrook Mitchell|Mitchell, William Thomas Seabrook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9J-XT7] - 1916(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3UM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2046, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Malvern East, Vic, 1937); soldier (Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''MOFFATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moffatt|Moffatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert David Gray Moffatt|Moffatt or Moffat or Gray, Robert David Gray &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8V-PM3] - 1911(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RD Mackay (1935-1939); 4RD Gracemere (1947-1948); 4RD Mackay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1549, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Herberton, Qld, 1936; Mackay, Qld, 1937); mechanic in broadcasting (Gracemere, Qld, 1949); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MOGINIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moginie|Moginie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Kuhler Moginie|Moginie, Campbell Kuhler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K7-NN4] - 1903(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 2CN Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934-1936; North Brighton, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1257, 1934, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Homebush, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1932); audit clerk  (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1933); clerk (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1935-1936; North Brighton, NSW, 1937); auditor (Bexley North, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949); accountant (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MONCUR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Phillip Moncur|Moncur, Leonard Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZL-M8N] - 1912(Vic)-1997(???) - Licences: 3LN Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 810, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''MONEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Dudley Money|Money, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JD-M9H] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3MY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1939; Upwey, 1946-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 205, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Camberwell, 1931-1934); engineer (Upwey, 1942-1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1967; East Bentleigh, 1972-1980)

===''MONKHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Isaac Monkhouse|Monkhouse, Walter Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8ZT-YPN] - 1887(NZL)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio clubs (QWI &amp; WIA Qld, president &amp; lecturer); senior state public servant (Qld Public Works Dept, State Electrical Engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as president WIA Qld)  - Electoral Rolls: telephone instructor (South Brisbane, 1919); engineer (Teneriffe, 1925; New Farm, 1928; Taringa, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Bardon, 1958-1963)
===''MONKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Brendan Monks|Monks, Alfred Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-444] - 1894(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AAB Melbourne (Diamond Creek, 1948; Northcote, 1954-1960; Preston, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 571, 1920; 2COCP 272, 1930; 1COCP 282, 1932 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1915) - Relationships: twin brother of 7BR Cyril Wilson Monks - Electoral Rolls: Western Electric engineer (East Sydney, 1930); licensee Railway Commercial Hotel (Albury, 1931-1932); radio telegraphist (Centennial Park, 1943); radio officer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, 1967-1972)
* [[/Cyril Wilson Monks|Monks, Cyril Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-96N] - 1894(Tas)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 7BR Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 225, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1919); WW2 - Relationships: twin brother of 3AAB Alfred Brendan Monks - Electoral Rolls: federal civil servant (Battery Point, 1928); public servant (Bellerive, 1936-1937); radio inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1943; Nedlands, 1949); retired (Frankston, 1972)
===''MONTEATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monteath|Monteath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Monteath|Monteath, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-C1X] - 1895(Vic)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 3VM Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1923-1924); 3KP Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 694, 1930, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Prahran, Vic, 1919; Elsternwick, Vic, 1921); mercer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); photographer (Glenmore, NSW, 1934-1935; Ashfield, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (Rockdale, NSW, 1943)

===''MONTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monty|Monty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Hector Urban Monty|Monty, Raymond Hector Urban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53F-BK9] - 1894(Italy)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XACC Sydney (Surry Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1st Signals Troop, 1914-1919, served Gallipoli); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1980)

===''MOODY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Percy Moody|Moody, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D9-KLG] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FM Cairns (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 967, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Rockhampton North, 1925-1926); accountant (Cairns, 1926-1949); radio dealer (Cairns, 1954-1980)
* [[/Gilbert Charles Moody|Moody, Gilbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF81-8QD] - 1914(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Spotswood, 1934-1939, 1947-1969); 4AK Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1306, 1934, Vic; BOCP, 1554, 1957; TVOCP 111, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: nil (Middle Park, Vic, 1936; Newport, Vic, 1937-1949); engineer (Newport, Vic, 1963-1968); broadcast officer (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MOORE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moore|Moore, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Ernest Moore|Moore, Albert Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KW6D-TMT] - 1916(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4VCM Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q728, 1980, Qld - amateur operator; prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer; clubs (All-Wave All-World DX Club; Shortwave League of Western Australia; Australian Radio DX Club; New Zealand Radio DX League; Southern Cross DX Club; DX Australia) - QSLs: portion (200+) of later QSL collection survives (ARDXC/NFSA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (New Farm, Qld, 1937-1968); trades assistant (New Farm, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Bruce Belgium Moore|Moore, Bruce Belgium or Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR67-J9T] - 1916(NSW)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 2ACN Bathurst (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1744, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous BMs - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1167098 VWM]

* [[/Edward Alfred Moore|Moore, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-7ZF] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2ABG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1523, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: poultry expert (Arncliffe, NSW, 1931-1933); radio technician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1934-1958) 

* [[/Eric Boughton Moore|Moore, Eric Boughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSK-T7X] - 1912(Vic)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 3QN Panton Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1957, 1937, Vic; COCP2 318, 1940; COCP1 342, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); officer in charge (DCA, Alstonville, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Dubbo, NSW, 1958-1968); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Coffs Harbour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric John Theodore Moore|Moore, Eric John Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD91-7LN] - 1894(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEM Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923); 2EM Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 161, 1915; 2COCP 237, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: UK merchant seaman medal - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bronte, 1934-1937)

* [[/Francis Leonard Moore|Moore, Francis Leonard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1924(NSW) - Licences: 2?? Sydney - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Archibald John Shaw, Maritime Wireless Co, United Distributors) - Comment: electrocuted while conducting wireless experiments

* [[/Grattan Leslie Moore|Moore, Grattan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZK-V1J] - 1916(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3ALJ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1935, 1954-1955; Malvern, 1956-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1453, 1935, Vic; COCP1 934, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); engineer (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963-1968; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972; Caulfield North, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Louis James Murphy Moore|Moore, Louis James Murphy &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L45W-GS4] - 1888(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3LO Receive Seymour (1923); 3LO Seymour (1924-1925); 3MS Seymour (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 85, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Clifton Hill, 1909); telegraphist (Collingwood, 1912-1914); wireless operator (Collingwood, 1917-1919); telegraphist (Elsternwick, 1922); clerk (Seymour, 1924-1931; Bentleigh, 1936-1949); guesthouse proprietor (Healesville, 1954); clerk (Oakleigh, 1963-1968) - Withdrawal: Likely 3LO callsign withdrawn for allocation to 3LO Melbourne Class A

* [[/Maxwell John Moore|Moore, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-S7J] - 1916(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2II Dubbo (1935-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1507, 1935, NSW; BOCP 63, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1954)

* [[/Milton Powell Moore|Moore, Milton Powell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTML-KJG] - 1915(WA)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2LI Sydney (Clovelly, 1938, 1947-1950); 2LI Darkes Forest (1954); 2LI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1961; La Perouse, 1965; Randwick, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2138, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Subiaco, WA, 1937); traveller (Randwick, NSW, 1949); ??? (Darkes Forest, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1958); teacher (La Perouse, NSW, 1963); technical teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1968); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William McInnes Moore|Moore, William McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4K-WXR] - 1911(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1935; Cremorne, 1936; Lindfield, 1937-1939); 2HZ Woollongong (1946); 2HZ Springwood (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 792, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foundry inspector (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936); Water Board Inspector (Gordon, NSW, 1937); engineer (Springwood, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Sibbald Moore|Moore, William Sibbald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDC-89C] - 1915(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1818, 1936, WA; COCP2 236, 1939; COCP1 431, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); draughtsman (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MOORHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Martin Moorhouse|Moorhouse or Moorehouse, Herbert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJPG-1HL] - 1899(Tas)-1990(WA) - Licences: 7HM Hobart (North Hobart, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart South, 1922); carpenter (New Town, 1928); carrier (Hobart North, 1936); motordriver (Queensborough, 1949)

===''MORAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moran|Moran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Donald Moran|Moran, Cyril Donald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast technician at 4QG under Qld Government; state public servant (4QG)

===''MORGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morgan|Morgan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Mowbray Morgan|Morgan, Donald Mowbray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP7-218] - 1907(NSW)-1988(Tas) - Licences: T749 Receive Glebe (1922); Receive Glebe (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Huonville, 1928-1972)

* [[/Ivor Morgan|Morgan, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRSY-S8G] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3DH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1933; Shepparton, 1937; East Malvern 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 605, 1930, Vic; BOCP 20, 1936; TVOCP, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936); broadcast engineer (3SR Shepparton, Vic, 1937); technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1943-1977) - Relationships: Father of 3ZFM Vincent Ivor Morgan

* [[/Reginald George Morgan|Morgan, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-D7H] - 1914(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6RM Perth (City, 1931); 2AJS Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939); 2ABM Sydney (Coogee, 1946-1950; Bankstown, 1954-1958; Greenacre, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 755, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1949);  electrical mechanic (Bankstown East, NSW, 1954); mechanic (Greenacre, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/William Albert Morgan|Morgan, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HVG-8PW] - 1899(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart West, 1922); electrical fitter (New Town, 1928-1937); fitter (New Town, 1943-1954); manager (Montrose, 1963)

===''MORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morley|Morley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry Morley|Morley Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXD-Z7X] - 1902(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Receive Watersleigh (1923); 2WU Watersleigh (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coogee, NSW, 1930); aviation engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1936); aircraft engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1949); company director (Randwick, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris|Morris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John William Morris|Morris, Albert John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-Y2J] - 1873(Tas)-1940(Tas) - Licences: 7BS Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Morris|Morris, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L84C-KPV] - 1876(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDS Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous AHMs - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1903); instrument fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1905-1909); mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1912-1916); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1919; Deepdene, Vic, 1922-1927; Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Cecil Ralph Newman Morris|Morris, Cecil Ralph Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MW-YGT] - 1906(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923); 4CN Brisbane (Rosalie, 1928); 4LW Brisbane (Rosalie, 1929-1933; Ashgrove, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 398, 1928, No. 45 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; technician (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Rosalie, 1928); postal mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1954); supervising technician (Rosalie, 1958-1968)

* [[/George William Morris|Morris, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V7-XWS] - 1911(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2VP Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1937; Naremburn, 1938); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1947; North Sydney, 1948-1950; Narrabeen North, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1291, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous GWMs - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1934); wireless service (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); bus driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; North Narrabeen, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Glynn Ian Elliott Morris|Morris, Glynn Ian Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XG-9TS] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1930-1939; Parkdale, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 621, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mordialloc, 1931-1937); mechanic (Mentone, 1943); official (Mentone, 1949-1968); secretary (Mentone, 1972-1980)

* [[/Jack Dudley Morris|Morris, Jack Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2R-NMZ] - 1914(Vic)-1944(At Sea) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933, pirate); 3DQ Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1244, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Major, mention in despatches) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Oakleigh, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/640516 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1509898 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Alexander Morris|Morris, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53X-F8D] - 1893(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAM Sydney (Haberfield, NSW, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance representative (North Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1937); insurance agent (Concord West, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/John Taylor Morris|Morris, John Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8C-9SP] - 1914(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6TX Perth (Mosman, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Subiaco, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2136, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Geraldton, WA, 1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles William Morris|Morris, Richard Charles William (BDM) or Charles Richard William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW7-56S] - 1922(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4MT Rockhampton (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3210, 1951, Qld; BOCP 1460, 1956 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, 1949); electrical fitter (Rockhampton, 1954-1963); radio technician/electrician (Rockhampton, 1968-1972); radio technician (Rockhampton, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald David Morris|Morris, Ronald David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX5W-S7Z] - 1904(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3AP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927); 3APM Melbourne (East Brighton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 151, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 919, 1926; BOCP 600, 1944 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, 1925-1931); radio (Brighton, 1936-1937); mechanic (Brighton, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949-1967; Brighton East, 1972-1977)

* [[/Sydney Paul Francis Morris|Morris, Sydney Paul Francis &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-MRP] - 1888(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prahran, Vic, 1909; Dandenong, 1912-1913); clerk &amp; telegraphist (Eltham, Vic, 1924); manager (East Bairnsdale, Vic, 1925-1928); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1931); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949)

* [[/William Belfort Morris|Morris, William Belfort]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X1-VYQ] - 1910(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6WM Perth (Hollywood, 1930-1937; Mt Lawley, 1938-1939); 6WM Kalgoorlie (1946-1954); 6WM Perth (Applecross, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 625, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hollywood, 1931-1937); newsagent (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954); representative (Applecross, 1958-1980)

* [[/William John Morris|Morris, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-917] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2378, 1938, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORRISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morrison|Morrison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Macdonald Morrison|Morrison, George Macdonald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52C-XR3] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2NZ Sydney (Mosman, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 741, 1922; COCP1 48, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1919; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); radio technician (Beam Station, Fiskville, Vic, 1942); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); supervisor (South Yarra, Vic, 1954); retired (Melbourne, Vic, 1963; Kings Cross, NSW, 1963; Brisbane, Qld, 1963; Spring Hill, Qld, 1972; Kings Cross, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon Cyril Tucker Morrison|Morrison, Gordon Cyril Tucker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-J6Z] - 1916(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6KN Geraldton (1935-1937); 6KN Perth (City, 1938-1939); 2AKN Sydney (Hernes Bay, 1947; Parramatta, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1935, WA; BOCP 89, 1937; 3COCP 1536, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geraldton, WA, 1937); radio employee (North Perth, WA, 1943); aircraft surveyor (Parramatta North, NSW, 1949; Balgowlah, NSW, 1954-1963); surveyor (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lionel Morrison|Morrison, Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDMZ-K6G] - 1906(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6LM Perth (Bayswater, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sandstone, WA, 1931); pipefitter (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1937); fitter (Wiluna, WA, 1943; Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''MORRIS-REES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alun Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Alun]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ73-FZB] - 1910(Wales)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2ACG Paxton (1937-1939); 2ACG Kingston (1948-1956); 2ACG Paxton (1960-1961); 2ACG Newcastle (Adamstown Heights, 1965-1975); 2ACG Sydney (Bondi, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1139, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1370, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1935); ambulance attendant (Paxton, NSW, 1937; Buladelah, NSW, 1937; Paxton, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1949-1954); public servant (Newcastle, NSW, 1958-1963); clerk (Adamstown Heights, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''MORRISSEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Brian Joseph Martindale Morrissey|Morrissey, Brian Joseph Martindale]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5AP Adelaide (Prospect, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1544, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''MORROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Caldwell Morrow|Morrow, Arthur Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQF-T2F] - 1912(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 335, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Red Hill, Qld, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1943); farmer (Paddington, Qld, 1949-1963)
===''MORSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Percy Morse|Morse, Noel Percy &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWRN-3QR] - 1914(Qld)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Cremorne, 1934-1935); 4LI Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937); 2AHS Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1402, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RNZAF, Pilot Officer) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Buranda, Qld, 1937; Clayfield, Qld, 1937) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=95585 RAF Commands]; [https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/war-memorial/online-cenotaph/record/C29996 Auckland Museum]; [http://aircrewremembered.com/morse-noel.html AirCrewRemembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MORTIMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mark Mortimer|Mortimer, Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7M-ZZ4] - 1887(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 107, 1915; 2COCP 48, 1929; 1COCP 89, 1930; BOCP 48, 1934?  - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917)  - Comment: numerous contemporaneous MMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morton|Morton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Evors Morton|Morton, Charles Evors]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ5-F3R] - 1888(Qld)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Homebush, 1925-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 170, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Applied AIF, rejected due deficient eyesight) - Electoral Rolls: selector (Hull River via Dunk Island, Qld, 1917-1925); public servant (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2MH - Charles Evors Morton&quot;

===''MOSES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alfred Joseph Moses|Moses, Charles Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6N1-YQC] - 1900(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - ABC (general manager) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Charles Moses|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/moses-sir-charles-joseph-15044 ADB]

===''MOSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moss|Moss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Myer Lee Moss|Moss, Alexander Myer Lee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZY-D3X] - 1911(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Clovelly, 1938-1939, 1946-1958; Rosebery, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1223, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound projectionist (Coogee, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1949); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1954; Mascot, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/George Arthur Moss|Moss, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-86Y] - 1903(WA)-2000(WA) - Licences: 6GM Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1926-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; Mt Pleasant, 1960-1965; Boya, 1969-1995+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 233, 1926, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 177, 1934; 1COCP 574, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: piano mechanic (Cottesloe Beach, 1925); wireless mechanic (North Perth, 1931-1958); lecturer (Mt Pleasant, 1963; Boya, 1968-1980) - [https://qsl.net/vk6zse/historic/p-vk6gm.html QSL.net]

* [[/Norman Pardew Moss|Moss, Norman Pardew or Pardeau]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYP-694] - 1896(NSW)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AEW Sydney (Concord West, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 211, 1939; COCP1 387, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1917, wireless operator naval transport at enlistment) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1937); radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Archerfield, Qld, 1949)

===''MOULD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mould|Mould, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Herbert Mould|Mould, Ronald Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-SXT] - 1921(Eng)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6FM Wyndham (1939, 1948); 6FM Perth (Mt Pleasant, 1954-1965; Waikiki, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2389, 1939, WA; COCP2 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954); DCA (Meekatharra, WA, 1958); communications (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1968); f.s.o. (Derby, WA, 1977); retired (Safety Bay, WA, 1980)

===''MOULE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Ernest Moule|Moule, Clifford Ernest &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-DFH] - 1912(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5CX Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1939; Plympton, 1946-1948; McLaren Vale, 1954; Lower Mitcham, 1955-1956; Westbourne Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 611, 1930, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1462, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Clarence Gardens, 1939-1941; Glandore West, 1943)

===''MOWLEM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mowlem|Mowlem, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Mowlem|Mowlem, Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9F-DHH] - 1878(???)-1950(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval employee (Toorak, 1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1925); engineer (Toorak, 1928); wireless (Malvern, 1931-1949)

===''MOYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moye|Moye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Samuel Moye|Moye, Alfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TX-B8S] - 1915(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2BW Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2BW Sydney (Marrickville, 1939); 2BW Wagga Wagga (1946-1958); 2BW Sydney (Potts Point, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1286, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice chemist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); chemist (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958); camera man (Cremorne, NSW, 1963)

===''MOYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moyle|Moyle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Murray Moyle|Moyle, John Murray &quot;Johnny&quot;, &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1H-LSG] - 1908(Vic)-1960(ACT) - Licences: 2JU Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939; CBD, 1946-1948; North Ryde, 1950-1958); 2AJU Sydney (Potts Point, 1946-1948; CBD, 1950-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 933, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1932+; Radio TV &amp; Hobbies, 1939-); education (Scotch College, 1923-1926), military (WW2, RAAF 1941-, Squadron Leader); broadcast (3DB, 1920s) - Callsign: 2JU previously Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); journalist (Ashfield, NSW, 1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198909.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198910.pdf EA2]

* [[/John Rex Moyle|Moyle, John Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XY-QM3] - 1903(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Batlow (1933); 2EZ Sydney (Killara, 1934); 3EZ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937); 2EZ Sydney (Gordon, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1950); 6EZ Safety Bay (1954-1960); 6EZ Embleton (1965-1969); 2OZ Sydney (Normanhurst, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1123, 1933, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 145, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Edgecliff, NSW, 1930); airman (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Safety Bay, WA, 1958; Embleton, WA, 1963-1968; East Perth, WA, 1972); retired (Normanhurst, NSW, 1977)

===''MUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mudie|Mudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Theodore Mudie|Mudie, Maxwell Theodore &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT81-HL4] - 1917(SA)-2012(NSW)95yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (MW + SW); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (100+) was donated to AMP by Max and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Uncle of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: prospector (Mt Alma, Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943); dairy hand (Wyong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Muir|Muir, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sibbald Allison Muir|Muir, John Sibbald Allison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRB3-1J6] - 1904(SA)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3QW Melbourne (Brighton, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 91, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; likely operator of 3NS dealer licence for Norris &amp; Skelly, Elizabeth St, Melbourne 1924 - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Brighton, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Malvern, 1928); wireless (Brighton, 1931); engineer (Brighton, 1935; Ringwood, 1936-1954); nil (Somers, 1963; Langwarrin, 1968-1977; Garfield, 1980)

* [[/Robert White Muir|Muir, Robert White]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K644-M2J] - 1904(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6RW Wagin (1933-1939); 6RW Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1184, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Albany, WA, 1925-1926); jeweller &amp; radio dealer (Wagin, WA, 1931); jeweller (Wagin, WA, 1936-1943); watchmaker (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MULLETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bertram James Mullett|Mullett, Bertram James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N19-B2N] - 1883(Eng)-1950(Vic) - Licences: XJX Melbourne (Upper Packenham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Migration: 1885 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gembrook South, Vic, 1909-1917); military clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1919-1922); public servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949)
* [[/Leslie Fred Mullett|Mullett, Leslie Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-BQD] - 1903(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5ZQ Adelaide (Highgate, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1065, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Highgate, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Barton, ACT, 1949)

===''MULLIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mulligan|Mulligan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Charles Mulligan|Mulligan, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2QS-X7W] - 1886(NZ)-1982(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 135, 1915; 2COCP 211, 1930; 1COCP 329, 1933 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917); wireless operator (Emita, Flinders Island, 1919-1928); OIC Radio Station (Darwin, 1934); radiologist (Ascot, 1936); OIC radio (Townsville, Qld, 1943); retired (Warrimoo, NSW, 1954-1958; Umina, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Henry Peter Anthony Mulligan|Mulligan, Henry Peter Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ7-X96] - 1919(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ABH Sydney (Kensington South, 1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1606, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUMFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mumford|Mumford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Glenorie Wallamba Mumford|Mumford, Glenorie Wallamba]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQG-WP6] - 1908(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ABX Girral (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1143, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 238, 1930; COCP1 288, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949; Orange, NSW, 1954); radio operator (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); radio officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1968); officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1980)

===''MUNRO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Munro|Munro, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Waugh Munro|Munro, Alexander Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-NXF] - 1908(Qld)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 2CX Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1933); 2ANV Wallsend (1947); 4JM Townsville (1954) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 336, 1931; COCP1 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Cairns, NSW, 1930); telegraphist (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless operator (Brampton Island, Qld, 1934); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1937); inspector (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio inspector (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958; Kingborough, Tas, 1963); retired (Southport, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Bruce Willson Munro|Munro, Bruce Willson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-CDJ] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4AL Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1927-1931; Bulimba, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 339, 1927, No. 35 in Qld; 2COCP 68, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; aeronautical experimenter; pilot; Qld Aero Club (Brisbane, honorary flying instructor, 1930s); Dept Civil Aviation (Brisbane, Assistant Plan Printer, 1956-1968) - Electoral Rolls: commercial pilot (Moorooka, 1943); flight checking officer (Townsville, 1943); pilot (West End, 1949-1963); commonwealth public servant (Wynnum, 1968-1972); retired (Wynnum, 1977-1980)

===''MURDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilmot Henry Murden|Murden, Wilmot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-7WC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7TY Launceston (1934-1937); 3TY Melbourne (West Preston, 1938-1939; Thornbury, 1947); 3TY Rapanyup (1948); 3TY Sale (1954-1955); 3TY Swan Hill (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1243, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1176, 1950; 1COCP 1610, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sale, 1954); radio engineer (3SH, Sale, 1963)
===''MURDOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murdoch|Murdoch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Fraser Murdoch|Murdoch, James Fraser &quot;Fraser&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GN6] - 1923(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Toowoomba (1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2383, 1939, Qld; COCP3 6415, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Empire Theater under Cliff Gold 4CG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); motor mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954); mechanic (Grange, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''MURFETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murfett|Murfett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Murfett|Murfett, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2Y9-GYY] - 1906(Vic)-1999(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NZ Terang (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1008, 1932, Vic; COCP2 421, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Terang, Vic, 1928-1937); clerk (Terang, Vic, 1943); carrier (Terang, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MURPHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murphy|Murphy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel Patrick Murphy|Murphy, Daniel Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-95V] - 1921(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2426, 1940, Vic; BOCP 490, 1943; COCP1 741, 1943 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/David James Murphy|Murphy, David James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVM-PLY] - 1912(Tas)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AHN Sydney (West Ryde, 1937, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1895, 1937, NSW; BOCP 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1980)

* [[/Harold James Murphy|Murphy, Harold James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD6Q-ZGP] - 1899(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Ilfracombe (1935-1937); 4HM Pomona (1938-1939); 4HM Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1532, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auchenflower, Qld, 1925; Milton, Qld, 1928); postal official (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1930); postmaster (Ilfracombe, Qld, 1936-1937); insurance agent (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943); postal official (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); public servant (Stafford, Qld, 1958)

===''MURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murray|Murray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Basil Wentworth Lathrop Murray|Murray, Basil Wentworth Lathrop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-PM8] - 1875(Vic)-1925(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager &amp; director Westralian Farmers Ltd; primary driver in establishment of 6WF Perth before his untimely death - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1903); insurance manager (West Perth, WA, 1910-1925); - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/murray-basil-lathrop-23136 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Frederick Alexander Murray|Murray, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-SZ7] - 1907(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2FM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1927; Mosman, 1928-1935; Cremorne, 1936-1939; Mosman, 1946-1947; Lindfield, 1948-1949; Carramar, 1950-1975); 2FM Blayney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 336, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1933); fitter (Mosman, NSW, 1934); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1949); draughtsman (Carramar, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Blayney, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John William Murray|Murray, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-32L] - 1905(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3JY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1930; Fitzroy, 1931-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Kew, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 396, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Elsternwick, 1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1934; Melbourne East, 1936); technician (St Kilda West, 1943-1949); projectionist (Kew, 1954-1980) - Comment: several contemporaneous John William Murray's in Melbourne, identification not certain

* [[/Kynaston Noel Lathrop Murray|Murray, Kynaston Noel Lathrop]] - 1838(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - clubs and societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, 1880s; Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, 1860s-1870s; Vic Railways Dept, 1880s-1890s)

* [[/Malcolm Imlay Murray|Murray, Malcolm Imlay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-684] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6MY Perth (City, 1930; South Perth, 1933-1939; Floreat Park, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 677, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Perth, 1931); radiotrician (South Perth, 1936; Floreat Park, 1943-1980)

* [[/Roy Thomas Murray|Murray, Roy Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5C1] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 24, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; draftsman &amp; wireless operator at enlistment 1916; WW1 (59th squadron AFC, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1916-1919); wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933; Meadowbank, NSW, 1935; Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); radio operator (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''MUSGRAVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrave|Musgrave, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Musgrave|Musgrave, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSP-H17] - 1917(NSW)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2NF Werris Creek (1934-1936); 2NF Sydney (Petersham, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1313, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/john-musgrave NSW War Memorial] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MUSGROVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrove|Musgrove, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Mandeville D'Oyly Musgrove|Musgrove, Mandeville D'Oyly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCWY-HZ4] - 1872(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast station proprietor (6ML &amp; others) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Claremont, WA, 1910-1936); manager (Palm Beach, WA, 1943) - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Stations/6ML_Perth|Wikibooks]]

===''MUSSO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musso|Musso, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Albert Maria Bellotti Musso|Musso, Louis Albert Maria Bellotti]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1G-PMQ] - 1913(NSW)-2003(NSW)90yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2203, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Penshurst, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MUSTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mustard|Mustard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Andrew Mustard|Mustard or Mustar, Ernest Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NJ5-2VZ] - 1893(Vic)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XJEJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Anzac Signals Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1919; Korumburra, Vic, 1919); RAAF (Point Cook, Laverton, Vic, 1924); aviator (Parkville, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutter|Mutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Mutter|Mutter, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZN-2QQ] - 1909(Sct)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (North Sydney, 1933); 2AJY Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1934)

===''MUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutton|Mutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Angus Keith Mutton|Mutton, Angus Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5F-BQM] - 1910(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5ZY Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1933; Tusmore, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1089, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Tusmore Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Mutton|Mutton, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC1Y-PP5] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2QT Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923-1925); 2QT Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 237, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Annandale, NSW, 1930-1937); communication engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1968); public servant (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Myers|Myers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Geoffrey Myers|Myers, John Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZW-XR5] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1936-1938); 2UA Sydney (Dee Why, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); company officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1954; Fairlight, 1958); sales manager (Dee Why, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Narraweena, NSW, 1977)

=='''N'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''NAIRN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Linley Beeton Nairn|Nairn, Arthur Linley Beeton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58V-M8X] - 1895(SA)-1978(NZ) - Licences: 2BI Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 373, 1918 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Hamilton, NZ, 1938); director (Days Bay, Wellington, NZ, 1946-1954)
===''NANCARROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ralph Stanley Nancarrow|Nancarrow, Ralph Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST3-XQ3] - 1904(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5PK Georgetown (1930-1933); 2PY Sydney (Mosman, 1935; Randwick, 1936-1939); 2ACN Sydney (Lane Cove, 1954-1961; North Ryde, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 719, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1963); fitter (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NANGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Nangle|Nangle, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-F31] - 1869(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MU Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2MU Sydney (Marrickville, 1923-1927; Observatory, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1920s Superintendent Technical Education NSW; hon. Government Astronomer NSW; Sydney University (Senate); Royal Society of NSW (president); Fellow Royal Astronomical Society; Fellow Federal Institute of Architects; author (astronomy, architecture) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Petersham, 1903); Government Astronomer (Observatory, 1930-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2MU - James Nangle&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nangle-james-7722 ADB]

===''NARROWAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Horace Narroway|Narroway, Frank Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF54-YF9] - 1899(Eng)-1965(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - council member WIA WA 1920s; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, WA, 1925-1931); insurance official (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1963);

===''NASH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nash|Nash, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Charles Nash|Nash, William Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDWX-LWF] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2WW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1934-1937); 4WN Cairns (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1329, 1934, Qld; 1COCP 138, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''NAVEAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Naveau|Naveau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Naveau|Naveau, Benjamin]] - 1936(ACT)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1883, 1960; TVOCP 450, 1962 - radio mechanic - Relationships: Son of Jabez William John Naveau - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jabez William John Naveau|Naveau, Jabez William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLZ-2JG] - 1903(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1074, 1932, NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of Benjamin Naveau - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Causeway, ACT, 1930); electrician (Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1943); shift electrician (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1963); no occupation (Ulladulla, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Ulladulla, NSW, 1972; Old Toongabbie, NSW, 1980)

===''NEALE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Drayton Neale|Neale, Eric Drayton Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88H-NWT] - 1907(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4EN Longreach (1934-1939); 4EN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1298, 1934, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist), radio club (WIAQ, QSL officer) - Relationships: father of 4?? Eric Drayton Neale Jnr - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1928; Longreach, 1936; Grange, 1937; Wooloowin, 1943-1963)

===''NEAVERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie Laurence Neaverson|Neaverson, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTM-HCD] - 1899(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: G5NX (Lakeside, Cumbria, 1922+); 4NV Brisbane (Holland Park, 1947-1956+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; associate member IRE (Britain); principal Anglo Austral Hearing Aid Dispensary - Electoral Rolls: surgical technician (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''NELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nell|Nell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Montague Nell|Nell, George Alfred Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87B-PP6] - 1900(Ceylon)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JQ Quirindi (1928-1929); 2JQ Canberra (1930); 2JQ Moruya (1931-1936); 2JQ Binda (1937-1939); 2JQ Crookwell (1946-1950); 2JQ Junee (1954-1965); 2JQ Goulburn (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 413, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Moruya, NSW, 1930-1934; Crookwell, NSW, 1936-1949; Junee, NSW, 1954-1968; Goulburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NELSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nelson|Nelson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Rupert Clifford Nelson|Nelson, Charles Rupert Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVDT-X22] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1960; Royal Park, 1965-1969); 3WC Bendigo (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2171, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Mental Hospital, Wendouree, Vic, 1931-1934; Mental Hospital, Ararat, Vic, 1936-1943); public servant (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); male nurse (Receiving House, Parkville, Vic, 1968); retired (White Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Yeates Nelson|Nelson, John Yeates]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G884-YDV] - 1851(Irl)-1932(NSW) - Licences: XAA Sydney (McMahon's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer (NSW)) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milson's Point, 1930-1931)

* [[/Samuel Simeon Nelson|Nelson, Samuel Simeon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JS-XRG] - 1908(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2SN Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937; Canterbury, 1938; Dulwich Hill, 1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1332, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KH William Peter Nelson - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lewisham, NSW, 1934); meter reader (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/William Peter Nelson|Nelson, William Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP9-WQS] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2KH Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1961; Taren Point, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1583, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2SN Samuel Simeon Nelson - Electoral Rolls: meter reader (Kensington, NSW, 1930; Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Taren Point, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NESTROM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nestrom|Nestrom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Louis Nestrom|Nestrom, Oliver Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-9H4] - 1912(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5RZ Adelaide (St Peters, 1936-1937; Joslin, 1938); 2ADJ Sydney (Homebush, 1939); 5RZ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1947; Glenelg, 1948; St Georges, 1954); 5RZ Port Augusta, 1955-1956); 5RZ Adelaide (Kurralta Park, 1960; Manningham, 1965-1969; St Peters, 1975); 5RZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP, 224, 1935; AOCP 1725, 1936, SA; BOCP 719, 1946; 2COCP 1178, 1949; 1COCP 1491, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Modbury, SA, 1939); fitter (Strathfield, NSW, 1943)

===''NETTLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nettleton|Nettleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Arthur Nettleton|Nettleton, Maurice Arthur ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9R-Y9M] - 1905(Wales)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 806, 1931, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 359, 1941  - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kew, Vic, 1926-1931); radio engineer (Emerald, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (West Ryde, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Dunkeld, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Dunkeld, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''NEVILLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Clifford Anderson Neville|Neville, Alfred Clifford Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH3-Z4D] - 1907(Eng)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ED Receive Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 5827, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hamilton, Qld, 1928); clerk (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1943); accountant (Hawthorne, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (East Brisbane, 1963-1980)

===''NEWBERRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald Mallord Newberry|Newberry, Archibald Mallord]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH51-SDW] - 1893(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AN Red Cliffs (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 606, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Red Cliffs, 1924-1931); radio dealer (Red Cliffs, 1934-1942); cycle dealer (Red Cliffs, 1949-1972)

===''NEWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert James Newell|Newell, Albert James &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1C-RGW] - 1910(Sct)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Mill Hill via Warwick (1936-1939); 4BN Brisbane (Archerfield, 1947-1948; Moorooka, 1954); 4AJ Brisbane (Moorooka, 1965; Yeronga, 1969; Ormiston, 1975); 4AJN Brisbane (Ormiston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1727, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 559, 1942; 1COCP 588, 1942; TVOCP 531, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA Aviation Radio Service - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Mill Hill, Qld, 1931-1943); radio technician (Moorooka, Qld, 1949-1968); television technician (Yeronga West, Qld, 1972); retired (Ormiston, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''NEWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newman|Newman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Newman|Newman, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJ9-YSK] - 1881(India)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 10, 1914; CPRT 90, 1915; 1COCP 49, 1930 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant, 1917-1920, terminated Nov 1920); WW1; WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AFNs - Electoral Rolls: traffic officer (Elsternwick, 1917-1919); assistant! (Malvern East, 1924-1931); piano tuner (St Kilda, 1931)

* [[/Sydney Moreton Newman|Newman, Sydney Moreton &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL41-PBM] - 1898(NSW)-1998(NSW)99yo - Licences: XPZ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914); 3MC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 655, 1921; 1COCP 90, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Turramurra, 1930-1958); retired (Wahroonga, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XPZ-3MC - Sydney Moreton Newman&quot; (68 tags) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199101.pdf EA]

* [[/William Harold Newman|Newman, William Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-4N5] - 1889(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2MK? Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922); 2MJ Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Railway Section, Lieut Hon. Major, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, Brigadier, CMF, died of illness) - Electoral Rolls: railway official (Artarmon, 1930-1934); secretary (Mosman, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285536 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682234 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''NEWPORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newport|Newport, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Ivan Newport|Newport, Thomas Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-RY9] - 1901(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946-1965; Freemans Reach, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1591, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Freemans Reach, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NEWTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newton|Newton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Newton|Newton, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-RBG] - 1921(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1960; Park Orchards, 1965-1975); 3DN Athlone (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2356, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1949-1954; Park Orchards, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Athlone, Vic, 1980)

===''NICHOLAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Rupert Nicholas|Nicholas, William Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD14-RFV] - 1913(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7WR Hobart (North Hobart, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 896, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 72, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart North, 1936; New Town, 1943-1954)
===''NICHOLLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Hartley Nicholls|Nicholls, Alan Hartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQR-VH9] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6KE Corrigin (1936-1937); 3NI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938-1939); 2NI Sydney (Manly, 1946; Cremorne, 1947-1954; Manly, 1955-1956); 2ANI Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1965); 4AL Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1965); 4NI Cairns (1975); 6NX Perth (South Guildford, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1814, 1936, WA; BOCP 219, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1949); shopkeeper (Wilston, Qld, 1958); electronic engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1963); engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1972-1977; South Guildford, WA, 1980)
* [[/Francis Edgar Nicholls|Nicholls, Francis Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1H-8KQ] - 1910(Vic)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7RY Devonport (1932-1933); 7RY Burnie (1937-1939); 7RY Hobart (New Town, 1946-1948; Lenah Valley, 1954-1955; New Town, 1960; Lenah Valley, 1965-1969; Midway Point, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 991, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Lenah Valley, 1943-1954)
* [[/William James Nicholls|Nicholls, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S3-26D] - 19??(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 780, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1963)
* [[/William John Matthew Nicholls|Nicholls, William John Matthew or William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WW-PDS] - 1908(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1928-1933); 7WX Launceston (1937-1939); 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1946-1965; East Malvern, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 419, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 343, 1931; 1COCP 309, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Williamstown, 1931-1936); RAAF (Williamstown, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, 1954-1963; Malvern East, 1968-1980)
* [[/William Vernon Nicholls|Nicholls, William Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ7S-B6T] - 1894(SA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJU Korumburra (1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Caulfield, Vic, 1919); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''NICHOLSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicholson|Nicholson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. G. Nicholson|Nicholson, H. G. &quot;Nick&quot;]] - 19??(USA?)-19??(USA?) - Licences: 4HN Port Moresby, Papua (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely USA) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; briefly operator of broadcast station PK6XX - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified) - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan090823.html Wavescan]

* [[/Keith Graham Nicholson|Nicholson, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHC-24W] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6DE Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (West Perth, WA, 1931); university student (West Perth, WA, 1949); solicitor (West Perth, WA, 1954; Cottesloe, WA, 1958; Perth, WA, 1963; West Perth, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Russell Malcolm Nicholson|Nicholson, Russell Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-7W4] - 1909(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 4KG Ilfracombe (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 529, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 48, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shearing contractor (Longreach, 1936); manager 4LG (Longreach, 1937); radio mechanic (Coolangatta, 1949-1972)

===''NICKSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nickson|Nickson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Francis Bennie Nickson|Nickson, Arthur Francis Bennie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-BZ6] - 1915(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3NB Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; Camberwell, 1947); 3LW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1955); 3NB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1956-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1711, 1936, Vic; AOCP1 39, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: physicist (Malvern, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1967)

===''NICOLL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicoll|Nicoll, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Nicoll|Nicoll, William]] - 1903(Canada)-19??(???) - Licences: 4CO Receive Brisbane (Upper Paddington, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 644, 1921 - amateur Receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bardon, 1925-1929)

===''NICOLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicolle|Nicolle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Hort Wilmot Nicolle|Nicolle, Horace Hort Wilmot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZS-MZF] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Strathfield, 1929-1933; Ryde, 1934); 2AJT Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Wollstonecraft, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 527, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist apprentice (Strathfield, NSW, 1930); pharmacist (Strathfield, NSW, 1933-1935); chemist (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''NIGHTINGALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Victor Charles John Nightingall|Nightingall, Victor Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXN-9SJ] - 1880(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: XKK Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1909-1919); tramway employee (Heidelberg, Vic, 1925-1943)

===''NILSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nilsen|Nilsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver John Nilsen|Nilsen, Oliver John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W4-W1G] - 1884(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3UZ Melbourne (1924-25) - Qualifications: Nil identified to date - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - 3UZ experimental callsign issued to Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co in 1923, operator N. J. Boyd; callsign withdrawn 1925 and reallocated to Nilsen's broadcast station which remains current as at 2021 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Fitzroy, 1909-1924; Chelsea, 1928-1931); contractor (Caulfield, 1934-1954); engineer (Elsternwick, 1972; Hawthorn, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nilsen-oliver-john-11244 ADB]

===''NIND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nind|Nind, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William George Nind|Nind, John William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1S-L35] - 1907(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JN Perth (Kalamunda, 1947-1948; Bayswater, 1954-1955; Morley Park, 1956; Swan View, 1960-1965; Greenmount, 1969; Darlington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2436, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1943); clerk (Kalamunda, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954); technician (Morley Park, WA, 1958; Swan View, WA, 1963; Greenmount, WA, 1968); retired (Darlington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''NISSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nissen|Nissen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Laurence Nissen|Nissen, Eric Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-ZLR] - 1905(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4XN Dalby (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 4XN Toowoomba (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 574, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, member); broadcast technician (4QS, 1939-1976); federal public servant (PMGD); Awards: Imperial Service Medal 1976 - Electoral Rolls: none specified (Dalby, 1928-1937); PMG technician (Dalby, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1977)

===''NIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Niven|Niven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Curteis Niven|Niven, John Curteis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNH-JQC] - 1919(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939); 2AON Sydney (Strathfield, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1772, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Homebush, NSW, 1972; Enfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''NIXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nixon|Nixon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edgar Nixon|Nixon, Arthur Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M2-SM5] - 1905(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Receive Melbourne (Windsor, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 361, 1927, Vic - amateur receiver; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); salesman (St Kilda West, Vic, 1931-1936); electrical fitter (Albert Park, Vic, 1943-1954)

===''NOLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolan|Nolan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Nolan|Nolan, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q3R-X84] - 1910(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1935-1937; Clayfield, 1938-1939; Stafford Heights, 1946-1948); 4MF Portable (1948); 9FN Port Moresby &amp; 9MF Portable (1954-1956); 4FN/T Gracemere (1960-1969); 4FN/T Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1975; Virginia, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1433, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, WIAQ); broadcast technician (9PA, 4RK); radio serviceman; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Francis William Nolan|Nolan, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-XPW] - 1897(NSW)-19?? - Licences: 4JU Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1929-1939, 1947-1956; Paddington, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43? &amp; 501, 1924 &amp; 1929, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio serviceman - Relationships: husband of 4LO Violet Elizabeth Nolan nee Hennessey - Comment: several genealogy sites have wrong data for FWN - Electoral Rolls: cartoonist (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1925);  radio mechanic (Brisbane, City, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1958)

* [[/Gordon Raymond Nolan|Nolan, Gordon Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-R8F] - 1919(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Crows Nest, 1939); 2AIZ Goulburn (1946-1954); 2AFO Sydney (Rydalmere, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2067, 1938, NSW; BOCP 307, 1940; AOCP1 36, 1946; TVOCP 363, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Pools Hill, Albury, NSW, 1943; Goulburn, NSW, 1949-1954); accountant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1958-1963; Ermington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Spencer Nolan|Nolan, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-KMV] - 1868(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XED Sydney (Double Bay, 1911-1914); 2JH Receive Sydney (Double Bay, 1922); 2JH Sydney (Double Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster; dentist and dental surgeon - Relationships: Father of 2YI Philip Spencer Nolan - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Woollahra, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;XED-2JH - John Spencer Nolan&quot;

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-DSX] - 1896(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld - Relationships: wife of 4JU Francis William Nolan - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1943); not stated (Eagle Heights, Qld, 1949); home duties (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1954); domestic (Spring Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Coolangatta, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Philip Spencer Nolan|Nolan, Philip Spencer &quot;Spencer,&quot; &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-ZWX] - 1897(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Double Bay, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 58, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; dentist - Relationships: Son of XED-2JH Lieut John Spencer Nolan - Comment: gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2YI - Philip Spencer Nolan&quot;

===''NOLTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolte|Nolte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Nolte|Nolte, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HG-DD4] - 1911(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3NO Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939); 2QO Sydney (Potts Point, 1948-1950; Bexley North, 1954-1975); 2QO Wamberal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 492, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 83, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1949; Bexley North, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Wamberal, NSW, 1980)

===''NORGATE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norgate|Norgate, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Norgate|Norgate, Albert William &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSN-4N1] - 1915(Vic)-2014(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3QT Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1946, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Williamstown, Vic, 1937-1980)

===''NORMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norman|Norman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Allan Norman|Norman, Douglas Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7RR-14T] - 1919(Eng)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3UC Melbourne (Preston, 1947-1948; East Camberwell, 1954-1960; Canterbury, 1965-1969; Box Hill North, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2178, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; ) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); architect (Preston, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980) 

* [[/William James Norman|Norman, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Q-ZRS] - 1899(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WJ Eddystone Point Lighthouse (1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: stoker (Longford, 1922); lightkeeper (Tasman Island, 1928; Eddystone Lighthouse, 1934; Maatauyker Island, 1936; Currie Harbour, King Island, 1937)

===''NORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norris|Norris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Anthony David Norris|Norris, Anthony David &quot;Tony&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Edgar Lewin Norris|Norris, Edgar Lewin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YH-3D4] - 1891(Qld)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Receive Toowoomba (1922); 4CK Toowoomba (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 80, 1925, No. 8 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Toowoomba RC); WW1 - Relationships: father of 4NO Edgar Thomas Norris - TroveTag: &quot;4CK - Edgar Lewin Norris&quot; - Electoral Rolls: optician (Rockhampton, 1913); optometrist (Wooloowin, 1919; Toowoomba, 1925-1954)

* [[/Edgar Thomas Norris|Norris, Edgar Thomas &quot;Tom&quot; &quot;Tommy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G855-G68] - 1930(Qld)-2019(Qld) - Licences: 4NO Toowoomba (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6945, 1967; AOLCP Q2, 1968; AOCP Q13, 1968, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4CK Edgar Lewin Norris - Electoral Rolls: charge hand (Toowoomba, 1954-1980)

===''NORTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert North|North, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William North|North, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZR-K5J] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABN Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1947; Concord West, 1948; Carlingford, 1950-1961; Dundas, 1965; Bexley, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 850, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); warehouse manager (Cremorne, NSW, 1943)

===''NORTHEAST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Northeast|Northeast, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Harry Northeast|Northeast, Laurence Harry &quot;Laurie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLM3-8NK] - 1908(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5LH Adelaide (Rosewater, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 315, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosewater, 1939-43)

===''NORVILLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norville|Norville, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Norville|Norville, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VP3] - 1902(SA)-1986(Netherlands) - Licences: 2WC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father &amp; a son both CHNs - Electoral Rolls: tester (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); radio engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1937); manufacturing engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1943)

===''NOTTAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottage|Nottage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Raymond Nottage|Nottage, William Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJW-969] - 1917(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MI Adelaide (Croydon, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Seacombe Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2243, 1938, SA; BOCP 706, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Croydon, SA, 1943)

===''NOTTINGHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottingham|Nottingham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Alfred James Nottingham|Nottingham, Herbert Alfred James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97H2-G1C] - 1902(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2HN Sydney (North Ryde, 1931-1939, 1946-1975 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 300, 1930; COCP1 168, 1931; AOLCP 36, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (North Ryde, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless engineer (North Ryde, NSW, 1934-1977)

===''NOURSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nourse|Nourse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Dudley Nourse|Nourse, John Charles Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3SY-1SB] - 1911(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Broken Hill (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 927, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1932-1968)

* [[/Brant Charles Addison Nourse|Nourse, Brant Charles Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WC-2WP] - 1919(NSW)-2013(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1223, 1951 -  - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Strathfield, NSW, 1943); labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1954); engineer (4LG Cramsie, NSW, 1963)

===''NUGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nugent|Nugent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent John Nugent|Nugent, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR5D-CC7] - 1920(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ALZ Sydney (Bexley, 1938-1939, 1948-1954); 2ALZ Tumut (1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2244, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1943); PMG Mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1949); PMG technician (Tumut, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Tumut, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NUNN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nunn|Nunn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Scovell Nunn|Nunn, Maxwell Scovell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGY-RYV] - 1906(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2NE Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1934; Waverley, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1937; Crows Nest, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1234, 1933, NSW; BOCP 561, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); sound engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''NUTLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutley|Nutley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dick Oswald Nutley|Nutley, Dick Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57V-MFM] - 1907(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 204, 1935; AOCP 2048, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Little Nymboida, NSW, 1930); radio apprentice (Sandgate, NSW, 1934-1935); millhand (Pilliga, NSW, 1943); timber worker (Grafton, NSW, 1949)

===''NUTMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutman|Nutman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Taylor Nutman|Nutman, James Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-3D4] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939; Hunters Hill, 1946-1947); 2AVN Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1585, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: survey draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); draftsman (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949); ?? (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954); clerk (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1968; Castle Cove, NSW, 1972); retired (Hlsvle, NSW, 1977-1980; Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''NUTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutt|Nutt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth William Nutt|Nutt, Kenneth William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GZ9] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4XD Townsville (1939, 1947-1954); 2ND Goulburn (1955); 4XD Cairns (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2364, 1939, Qld; COCP2 328, 1940; COCP1 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1954; Earlville, Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nye|Nye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Louis Nye|Nye, Walter Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNN-ZXC] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Brunswick West, 1947); 2XU Sydney (Cammeray, 1947; Haberfield, 1948-1950; Guildford, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1956; Naremburn, 1957-1965; Stanwell Park, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1691, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); produce merchant (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); accountant (Crows Nest, NSW, 1958-1963)

=='''O'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
==='''OAKES'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Andrew Oakes|Oakes, Walter Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-RBQ] - 1907(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 7BQ Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923); Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP N1088, 1971 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Manly, 1930); electrical fitter (Launceston, 1937); railway employee (New Town, 1943-1949); electrician (Lindfield, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, 1958); managing director (Roseville, 1963-1968); director (Roseville, 1972-1980)

==='''O'BRIEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Brien|O'Brien, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alonzo John O'Brien|O'Brien, Alonzo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYVS-K9T] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3FS Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1936-1939; Thornbury, 1947-1954; Lower Plenty, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1779, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: boot operative (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1936); boot trade (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937); bootmaker (Thornbury, Vic, 1949-1954); shoe maker (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Clare O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTS-7SJ] - 1904(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4NC Brisbane (Stafford, 1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2386, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kilcoy, 1928); telephone mechanic (Eagle Junction, 1936-1943); technician (Stafford, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Charles Raymond Heddington O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Raymond Heddington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-4CX] - 1913(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3QX Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 626, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1934-1936); electrical engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1954; Mount Waverley, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Matthew O'Brien|O'Brien, Matthew or Matthew Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-P35] - 1904(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4MM Brisbane (Toowong, 1926-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 234, 1926, No. 20 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, ARTL, WIAQ, president all); journalist (Teleradio, &quot;Vic Eddy&quot;); Dept Labour Exchange (administration) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Toowong, 1925-1936; Annerley, 1943-1977)

* [[/Norman Bruce O'Brien|O'Brien, Norman Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY7H-VPR] - 1912(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2OH Sydney (Coogee, 1932-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939); 2AZH Sydney (Randwick, 1948; Jannali, 1954-1975; Menai, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1072, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949); public servant (Jannali, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Blaxland, NSW, 1977; Menai, NSW, 1980)

==='''O'CONNOR'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Connor|O'Connor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Patrick O'Connor|O'Connor, Bernard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFVX-NDC] - 1918(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 9BP Lae, New Guinea (1948); 9BP Port Moresby, Papua (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2191, 1938, Qld; COCP2 1264, 1953; COCP1 1689, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician's labourer (Rosalie, Qld, 1943); technician (Shorncliff, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/John O'Connor|O'Connor, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-2V5] - 1916(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3OD Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1117, 1933, Vic; COCP2 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JOs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''O'DEA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dea|O'Dea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dea|O'Dea, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTP-7KL] - 1894(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AWS) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, 1912-1913; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1937); railways (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); railway employee (Footscray North, Vic, 1963-1977) - Links: [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911842/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-francis-patrick-odea/ AWS]

* [[/Jack Norman O'Dea|O'Dea, Jack Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4X-VXN] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Sydney (Kensington South, 1931-1936); 2FS Sydney (Summer Hill, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 798, 1931, NSW; AOLCP 229, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1935-1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1949-1980)

==='''ODGERS'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Fieldhouse Odgers|Odgers, Norman Fieldhouse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-CYK] - 1906(Qld)-1996(WA) - Licences: 4BO or 4BD Brisbane (Newmarket) &amp; Charters Towers (1924-1925); 4NK; 9NK Port Moresby (1946-1948); 6NF Perth (Applecross, 1954-1969; Bassendean, 1975-1980); 4CH - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 896, 1925; 2COCP 212, 1930; 1COCP 108, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; broadcast engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: senior technician (Applecross, 1954-1963); manager (Applecross, 1968); retired (Bassandean, 1972-1980)

==='''O'DONNELL'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Amos Leslie O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Amos Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NW-Q1P] - 1910(SA)-19??(NSW) - Licences: 6DX Perth (City, 1930-1933); 2AGE Sydney (Ashfield, 1938-1939); 2AOO Sydney (Caringbah, 1960; Mona Vale, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 639, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 515, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); education officer (No. 2 W.A.G.S., Parkes, NSW, 1943); engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Alfred O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Francis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-SH4] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3ZU Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 3ZU Warrnambool (1947-1948); 3ZU Euroa (1954); 3ZU Yarrawonga (1955-1965); 2BFD Griffith (1969); 2QC Dalmeny (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2000, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1937); mechanic (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942); technician (Warrnambool, Vic, 1949); telephone technician (Euroa, Vic, 1954); technician (Yarrawonga, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Dalmeny, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Myles O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Thomas Myles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2TN-XR9] - 1913(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OD Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Wahroonga, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 855, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: MBE (1979) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1934-1943); technical officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1980) - Links: [[w:1979_Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours_(Australia)|Wikipedia MBE]

==='''O'DWYER'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-XGD] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3OF Melbourne (Middle Park, 1932-1933; Gardenvale, 1937-1939; Hampton, 1947-1980+); 3AOF Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 880, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931-1936); manufacturer (Gardenvale, Vic, 1937); clothing manufacturer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Hampton, Vic, 1949-1968); manufacturer (Hampton, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''OFFEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Offen|Offen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ewart Gladstone Offen|Offen, Ewart Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZR3-NSW] - 1894(Vic)-1915(Vic) - Licences: XJDH Melbourne (Middle Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''OGLE'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ogle|Ogle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Victor Ogle|Ogle, George Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-LNX] - 1915(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1798, 1936, Vic; COCP2 604, 1942 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); designer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''O'HARA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Hara|O'Hara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Bernard O'Hara|O'Hara, John Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XM-Y9M] - 1902(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3OH Maryborough (1930-1939); 3OH Yallourn (1946-1948); 3AAO Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 607, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1924); instructor (Maryborough, Vic, 1928); teacher (Kew, Vic, 1934; Maryborough, Vic, 1937; Ballarat, Vic, 1937; Maryborough, Vic, 1943; Warrnambool, Vic, 1954; Maldon, Vic, 1963; Kyneton, Vic, 1967)

==='''OHRBOM'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Axel Ragnar Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Axel Ragnar &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-PWJ] - 1903(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3OC Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1928; Coburg, 1931-1939; Moreland, 1946-1948; Hartwell, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 421, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Coburg West, Vic, 1949); sharebroker (Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1977); retired (Burwood, Vic, 1977)

===''OLDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olof Lemuel Olden|Olden, Olof Lemuel]] - 1863(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Hobart 1920s, early wireless experimenter, no licence yet identified, amateur operator (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, President, 1924), military (Colonel, WW1), occupation (school master)
===''OLDFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Bernam Oldfield|Oldfield, Frederick Bernam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YP-9R2] - 1897(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (1924); 3FB Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1938); 2FE Sydney (Balmoral, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1240, 1934, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Brighton, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1935-1937); journalist (Mosman, NSW, 1943); A.M.F. (Mornington, 1954); tutor (Neutral Bay, 1958)
===''OLDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oldham|Oldham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Oldham|Oldham, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZFK-XBT] - 1902(Tas)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 7XA Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1923, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1936-1949) 

* [[/Fred Oldham|Oldham, Fred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, first president of Hobart Tramways Wireless Club 1905

===''OLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olds|Olds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Clarence Maxton Olds|Olds, Edgar Clarence Maxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFT6-93D] - 1913(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Broken Hill (1936-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1841, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1934-1943); mine worker (Broken Hill North, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1954); wireman (Broken Hill, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''O'LEARY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Leary|O'Leary, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher George Benjamin O'Leary|O'Leary, Christopher George Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-2QM] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AJP Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2BON Dubbo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2091, 1938, NSW; COCP2 417, 1941; COCP1 672, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); inspector (Kiama, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1954-1963); radio officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1968); radio staff (Dubbo, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Daniel Fraser O'Leary|O'Leary, Cornelius Daniel Fraser or Daniel Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN18-4BH] - 1893(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (Tusmore Gardens, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 495, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Unley, 1939-1941)

===''OLIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oliver|Oliver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dalley George Tryon Oliver|Oliver, Dalley George Tryon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-MMR] - 1888(NSW)-1959(NSW) - wireless experimenter (1924+) 2?? Gunedah, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1943; Keepit Dam, Tamworth, 1949-1954); retired (Condoblin, 1958) - Relationships: brother of 2MO Marcius John Alexander Oliver

* [[/James Greenwood Oliver|Oliver, James Greenwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZF-S79] - 1913(India)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7JO Latrobe (1939, 1947-1956); 7JO Hobart (New Town, 1960); 7JO Launceston (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2303, 1939, Tas; COCP2 1353, 1958; COCP1 1921, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, POW Japan) - Electoral Rolls: radio sales (Burnie, Tas, 1936); radio mechanic (Devonport, Tas, 1937); radio mechanic (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); orchardist (Latrobe, Tas, 1949); clerk (Latrobe, Tas, 1954); TV technician (Launceston, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Keith William Oliver|Oliver, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5Q-NV9] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GZ South Geelong (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 891, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 150, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924); mechanic (Geelong, Vic, 1925-1931); radio electrical engineer (Geelong, Vic, 1935-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1958-1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968; Boronia, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Marcius John Alexander Oliver|Oliver, Marcius John Alexander &quot;Marcus&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-M82] - 1875(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2MO Gunedah (1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 91, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio station proprietor (2MO, 1930-1939); military (air spotters, Port Macquarie) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1936; Port Macquarie, 1943) - Relationships: brother of Dalley George Tryon Oliver

===''OLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olle|Olle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Durrant Olle|Olle, John Durrant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HS-WSX] - 1910(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 2OZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1939, 1946; Pennant Hills, 1947-1948; Ashfield, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 553, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 321, 1931; 1COCP 197, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Ashfield, NSW, 1943); soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); public servant (Mornington, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''OLLIVIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Neil Frances Ollivier|Ollivier, Neil Frances]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQB-VPD] - 1916(WA)-1942(WA) - Licences: 6FO Perth (Hollywood, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1067, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''O'LOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Patrick Morgan O'Loughlin|O'Loughlin, Francis Patrick Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-Z3Q] - 1902(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4OL Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1347, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''OLSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsen|Olsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Vivian Olsen|Olsen, Frederick Vivian &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CP-4XJ] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3FO Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1929-1931; Hampton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 521, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hampton, 1936-1954; Brighton, 1963; Hampton, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Norman Frederick Olsen|Olsen, Norman Frederick or Frederick Norman (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-8JS] - 1901(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 516, 1920, NSW; 2COCP 59, 1929, NSW; 1COCP 252, 1932 - Nil yet identified - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hurlstone Park, 1934-1937); newsagent (Torwood, 1954-1958); no occupation (Lord Howe Island, 1963-1980)

* [[/Norman Peter Olsen|Olsen, Norman Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-444] - 1897(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2YK Newcastle (1924-1925); 2ZX Waratah (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waratah, 1930; Mayfield, 1932); public servant (Redfern, 1932-1933; Kogarah, 1934-1935; Wollongong, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1943-1949; Kogarah, 1949-1963); nil (Merewether, 1968-1980)
* [[/Olaf Olsen|Olsen, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QT-69T] - 1878(Norway)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Dalby 1922 (Receive) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Dalby, 1913-1943); engineer (Toowoomba, 1949; Redcliffe, 1954; Paddington, 1958-1963)

===''OLSSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsson|Olsson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Olsson|Olsson, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7P7-2XP] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: XIL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 16th Reinforcements, 1st Battalion, 1915-1917, Discharged after wounded) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1958); accountant (Turner, ACT, 1958-1963; Griffith, ACT, 1968); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

==='''O'MAY'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. W. O'May|O'May, J. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Derwent O'May|O'May, Robert Derwent &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNF-5NS] - 1903(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); 7OM Hobart (Bellerive, 1924-1927+; Sandy Bay, 1931+; Bellerive, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 74, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 508, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellerive, 1928-1954)

==='''OPPENHEIM'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver George Oppenheim|Oppenheim (before WW2) or Oliver (after WW2), Oliver George &quot;Ollie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSS-S7L] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3ZX Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939, 1954); 2AZX Sydney (Coogee, 1955-1961; Lugarno, 1965-1969; Strathfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 580, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); company executive (Coogee, NSW, 1958-1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968); importer (Strathfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''O'REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Joseph O'Reilly|O'Reilly, Maurice Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-VMC] - 1866(Irl)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XACI Bathurst (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St Stanilaus College, Bathurst, 1913); rector of college (St John's College, Camperdown, 1930-1933) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oreilly-maurice-joseph-7918 ADB] 
===''O'ROURKE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Sydney O'Rourke|O'Rourke, John Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJP-ZW4] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 4OR Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1937-1939); 4SO Brisbane (Margate Beach, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2042, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Norman Park, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Newmarket, Qld, 1949); engineer (Margate, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''ORR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orr|Orr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Murray Donald Orr|Orr, Murray Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-H29] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Vic) - Licences: 3OR Lake Meran (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 440, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1940-1941) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Lake Meran, 1924-1934) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/orr-murray-donald-1700/] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ORVAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orvad|Orvad, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederic Maurice Orvad|Orvad, Frederic or Frederick Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKS-1HH] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AHX Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Miranda, 1954-1965; Point Clare, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1977, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1000, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1936; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Miranda, NSW, 1954-1963); PMG technician (Point Clare, NSW, 1972)

===''OSBORNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osborne|Osborne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles George Osborne|Osborne, Charles George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBM-SJN] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3JL Melbourne (Hartwell, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1173, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGO, engineer, Glenferrie - Electoral Rolls: Camberwell, Vic, 1924; Hartwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1968); retired (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Jeffrey David Osborne|Osborne, Jeffrey David &quot;Jeff&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Louis Frederick George Osborne|Osborne, Louis Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GF-MGZ] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3DD Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DD Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1926); 3BMO Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gas fitter (Malvern East, 1922-1926); inspector (Carnegie, 1931-1977)

===''OSBURNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osburne|Osburne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Bolivar Laing Osburne|Osburne, George Bolivar Laing &quot;Laing&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFY2-F9W] - 1896(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XKJ Terang (1913-1914); 3BG Terang (1922-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 235, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comments: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: student (Terang, 1922-1931) - TroveTag:&quot;XKJ-3BG - George Bolivar Laing Osburne&quot; - Links: [https://westerndistrictfamilies.com/tag/laing/ Mother's bio]

===''O'SHANNASSY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Augustin O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, John Augustin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ9M-5S1] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2292, 1939, Vic; COCP1 314, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); chartered engineer (Donvale, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''O'SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Bernard Bartholomew O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Charles Bernard Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WX-1Z4] - 1914(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Sydney (Cronulla, 1939); 2VX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 47, 1935; COCP1 84, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Sutherland, NSW, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Sylvania, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Jeremiah Charles O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Jeremiah Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9B-8KX] - 1912(Qld)-1943(At sea, off Brisbane) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1947, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Corporal) - Electoral Rolls: none stated (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1937); clerk (Ingham, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285977 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682675 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/642095 VWMA]; [https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/92271-a.h.s.-centaur-memorial AHS Centaur Memorial]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/blog/the-sinking-of-the-centaur AHS Centaur] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''OSWALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oswald|Oswald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Geoffrey Oswald|Oswald, Allan or Allen Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJL-K71] - 1909(SA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2AEF Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939, 1946-1958; Carrs Park, 1960; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 237, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1972); mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''OTHEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles James Othen|Othen, Charles James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRHF-H8Y] - 1897(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: XVT Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5AS Receive Adelaide (1923); 5ON Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1954-1956; Eden Hills, 1960-1969; Blackwood, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3385, 1953, SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''O'TOOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ian O'Toole|O'Toole, Ian]] - Licences: 2ZIO Sydney (Adamstown Heights, 1969; North Rocks, 1975; Castle Hill, 1980) - amateur operator; historian (amateur, military communications); proprietor Kurrajong Radio Museum - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/archive/museum/ Kurrajong Radio Museum]

===''OTTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Otty|Otty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Shannon Otty|Otty, William Shannon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7J1] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZL Killingworth (1923-1931); 2ZL Toronto (1933-1975); 2ZL Fennell's Bay (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 219, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Toronto, 1937-1954); retired (Toronto, 1958-1980)

===''OUTTRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Outtrim|Outtrim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Outtrim|Outtrim, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFD4-7CM] - 1906(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1934-1939); 2EX Newnes Junction (1946-1948); 2EX Springwood (1950-1975); 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1333, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: porter (Richmond, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Milsons Point, NSW, 1943); assistant station Master (Newnes Junction, NSW, 1949; Springwood, NSW, 1954-1968); station master (Springwood, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Richmond, NSW, 1980)

===''OVERLACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Overlack|Overlack, Peter]] - early wireless historian [https://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval_Networks_Dominance_of_Comms_in_Maritime_Ops.pdf &quot;The Struggle for the Australian Airwaves: The Strategic Function of Radio for Germany in the Asia-Pacific Region before World War I&quot;]

===''OWEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Owen|Owen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Chester Owen|Owen, Chester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ3G-H47] - 1899(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923); 3ZM Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balaclava, 1921; St Kilda, 1922-1926); engineer (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); mechanic (Caulfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Echuca, 1943-1972)

* [[/Robert Howell Owen|Owen, Robert Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN15-PXN] - 1894(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XMB Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Melbourne West, 1914-1915; Northcote, Vic, 1919-1963)

* [[/Stanley Wainwright Owen|Owen, Stanley Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDV9-BP2] - 1912(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 6RX Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 2RX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1948-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 716, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 436, 1933; 1COCP 340, 1933; TVOCP 40, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1958); television engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1963-1968); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1972-1977; Artarmon, 1980)

===''OXENFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oxenford|Oxenford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Gilbert Oxenford|Oxenford, Laurence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J8-WFS] - 1911(Eng)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 2ACH Sydney (Ashfield, 1937; Lewisham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1968; Isle of Capri, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''OXENHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Justinian Oxenham|Oxenham, Justinian]] - 1860(Qld)-1932(Vic) - senior federal public servant (Secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)
===''OXLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Oxlade|Oxlade, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-H1C] - 1907(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4GO Brisbane (Newmarket, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 229, 1926, No. 19 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Chermside, 1937-1943; Maroochydore, 1954; Wavell Heights, 1958), contractor (Chermside, 1963-1980)

=='''P'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''PACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pace|Pace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Young Pace|Pace, Reginald Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-43F] - 1903(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Donald (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 268, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Donald, Vic, 1925-1937); wireless officer (Northcote, Vic, 1942; Thornbury, Vic, 1949); public servant (Preston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''PACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pacey|Pacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harman Pacey|Pacey, William Harman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95V-4BM] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Receive Adamstown (1923); 2WV Sydney (Abbotsford, 1934-1936; Lane Cove, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1, 1934; COCP1 144, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Lambton, NSW, 1930); police constable (Abbotsford, NSW, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); no occupation (Dangar Island, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''PADULA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Padula|Padula, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Vincenzo John Padula|Padula, Robert Vincenzo John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYR-3WC] - 1939(Vic)-Living - Licences: 3ZFU Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1718, 1939, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''PAECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paech|Paech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Leonard Paech|Paech, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6DL-76D] - 1920(SA)-1963(SA) - Licences: 5RL Adelaide (Underdale, 1936-1939, 1947-1948); 5LP Adelaide (Seacombe Gardens, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1626, 1936, SA; 2COCP 279, 1939; BOCP 371, 1941; 1COCP 810, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Page|Page, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Frank Dutton Page|Page, Benjamin Frank Dutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRJ-PBT] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3XG Birregurra (1937-1938); 3XG Kaniva (1947-1948); 3XG Melbourne (East Kew, 1954; Kilsyth, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 728, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931; Birregurra, Vic, 1935-1937); bank officer (Kaniva, Vic, 1949; Kew North, Vic, 1954; Kilsyth, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leslie Nevison Page|Page, Leslie Nevison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSBX-CRV] - 1920(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (New Farm, 1937-1939; Brisbane City, 1947); 2NB Sydney (Potts Point, 1954); 2LP Sydney (St Ives, 1955-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1931, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 2NB may have been withdrawn for 2NB Broken Hill - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ascot, Qld, 1928-1929) (too young for 1920 birth, must be a namesake); radio technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (St Ives, NSW, 1958); manager (St Ives, NSW, 1963); electronics engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1972)

===''PAGET''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Ernest Paget|Paget, Harold Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTK-ZBF] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Valley, Qld, 1925-1926); postal sorter (Ashgrove, Qld, 1928-1949); mail officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PAICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paice|Paice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Cameron Paice|Paice, Donald Cameron &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KD-2FT] - 1932(Vic)-2018(Vic) - Licences: 3ADP Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3055, 1950, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1954; Mt Waverley, 1963-1980) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 2AJ Valentine Keith Paice

* [[/Valentine Keith Paice|Paice, Valentine Keith &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K3-5T6] - 1904(NZ)-1977(???) - Licences: ZL1AJ (Z1AJ) 1925-1926; VQ1AJ (OO1AJ) Fanning Island (1926-1928); 2AJ (VK2AJ) Sydney 1929; OA4V Peru (1929) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Ashbury, NSW, 1930) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 3ADP Donald Cameron Paice

===''PALIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palin|Palin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Vyse Palin|Palin, Herbert Vyse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTH-FWR] - 1896(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Armadale, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1919; Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1926); expert (Malvern, Vic, 1931); motor mechanic (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1943; Orrong, Vic, 1954); engineer (West Rosebud, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''PALK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palk|Palk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Brian Arthur Broomfield Palk|Palk, Brian Arthur Broomfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1WL-SHX] - 1923(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5FQ Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; Marino, 1954-1956; Hawthorndene, 1960-1969; Mylor, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2420, 1939, SA; BOCP 465, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PALMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palmer|Palmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Thomas Palmer|Palmer, George Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2CR-RXJ] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Balwyn, Vic, 1931-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); bus proprietor (Yarraville, Vic, 1942; Footscray, Vic, 1949-1954); executive (Williamstown, Vic, 1963); drvr (Margate, Qld, 1972); travel executive (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Rio Vista, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman William Palmer|Palmer, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6M-JWB] - 1912(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2425, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1972); cashier (Victoria Point, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''PARADISE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Harry Elliker Paradise|Paradise, Eric Harry Elliker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3M-D75] - 1904(Qld)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Stones Corner, Qld, 1925-1937)
===''PARASIERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Isidore Percy Robert Parasiers|Parasiers, Isidore Percy Robert &quot;Robert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9Y-8B1] - 1902(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (City, 1932-1933; Glandore, 1937-1939); 6PS Perth (Inglewood, 1947); 5RF Adelaide (Glandore, 1948); 5RF Murray Bridge (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 952, 1932, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 283, 1936; BOCP 132, 1937; 2COCP 256, 1939; 1COCP 330, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Norman Paris|Paris, James Norman &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWR-B1W] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: &quot;WIA-L5006&quot; Adelaide (Prospect, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; prominent broadcast listener (1950s, 1960s); clubs (Australian DX Radio Club (SA); Southern Cross DX Club) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARISH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hugh Radcliffe Parish|Parish, Hugh Radcliffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCDL-Y23] - 1914(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7CP Launceston (1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1070, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 189, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, 1936-1937); manager (Winnaleah, 1943-1949); radio executive (Launceston, 1954)
===''PARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles William Park|Park, John Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-N4N] - 1904(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BB Perth (South Perth, 1924-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 794, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (South Perth, 1943-1949); radiographer (South Perth, 1958-1980)
===''PARKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parker|Parker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Bruce Parker|Parker, Eric Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LW15-WJT] - 1896(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XML Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces, Army 2nd AIF) - Electoral Rolls: architect (St Kilda East, 1917-1919); carpenter (St Kilda East, Vic, 1924-1927); agent (St Kilda East, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1943-1949); clerk (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Geoffrey John Parker|Parker, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRX2-5NG] - 1919(Eng)-2014(NSW) - Licences: 2AHO Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939; Ryde, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1984, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Ryde, NSW, 1949-1980) 

* [[/Henry Race Parker|Parker, Henry Race &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFY-PXZ] - 1876(???)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 1628 Sydney (Paddington, 1923) - cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: drainer (Paddington, 1936-1949)

* [[/Keith Cyril Parker|Parker, Keith Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDSK-X2P] - 1912(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5PA Port Pirie (1933); 5SO Port Elliot (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 348, 1931; 1COCP 213, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1949-1963; Bassendean, WA, 1968); manager (Cairns, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Kenneth Herbert Parker|Parker, Kenneth Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTM1-Q5G] - 1905(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6KP Meekatharra (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1192, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mining register (Meekatharra, WA, 1931-1937); resident magistrate (Cue, WA, 1943; Geraldton, WA, 1943); stipendary magistrate (Northam, WA, 1949); magistrate (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1963; Applecross, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Philip Selwyn Parker|Parker, Philip Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMZ-1XD] - 1903(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2CM Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1923, briefly then reverted to 2CY); 2CY Sydney (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1931; Pymble, NSW, 1943) - Identification: Not yet confidently identified

* [[/Ronald Alexander Parker|Parker, Ronald Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-6BM] - 1908(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1926); 3RA Bendigo (1927); 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939); 4PT Southport (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 213, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); secretary (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); retired (Southport, Qld, 1980)

===''PARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parr|Parr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John George Ashton Parr|Parr, John George Ashton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-22T] - 1908(NSW)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3OM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 646, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1949; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963; Melbourne City, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''PARRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parris|Parris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Charles Parris|Parris, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2FL-1L9] - 1912(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIH Dungog (1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2043, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stroud, NSW, 1935; Dungod, NSW, 1936-1937); radio serviceman (Dungog, NSW, 1943); telephone technician (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; Waratah, NSW, 1954)

* [[/John Edward Parris|Parris, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMP-68F] - 1899(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Deniliquin (1932-1938); 2DN Dungog (1938-1939); 2DN Deniliquin (1939); 2WM Parkes (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 905, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 15, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Tunstall, Vic, 1924-1925; Skipton, Vic, 1925-1926); steward (RS&amp;SILA Club, Deniliquin, NSW, 1930-1937); radio station manager (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alchorne Parry|Parry, Charles Alchorne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8J-BGL] - 1916(Qld)-2009(USA) - Licences: 4CP Gordonvale (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1441, 1935, Qld; BOCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Education: PhD - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cairns, Qld, 1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943)

===''PARSONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parsons|Parsons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Adin Bega Parsons|Parsons, Raymond Adin Bega]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L56Z-CNT] - 1906(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AIG Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2044, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Randwick, 1934-1963)

* [[/Warwick William Parsons|Parsons, Warwick William or William Warwick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2L4-5ZC]- 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PS Adelaide (City, 1933; Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rose Park, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1147, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

===''PARTRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Partridge|Partridge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Danvers Partridge|Partridge, Geoffrey Danvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDV-FL4] - 1914(NSW)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2VU Singleton (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1721, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Singleton, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1949-1977); retired (Singleton, NSW, 1980)

* [[/George James William Partridge|Partridge, George James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56F-BDB] - 1909(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GP Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1392, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1923-1946) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''PATERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paterson|Paterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Charles Paterson|Paterson, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRP6-JYW] - 1920(NSW)-2018(NSW)98yo - Licences: 2AHJ Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1971, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1954); television technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Paul Pryde Paterson|Paterson, Paul Pryde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-LPF] - 1915(WA)-1942(PNG) - Licences: 6PP Wiluna (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1961, 1937, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 24 Squadron, Flight Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/paterson-paul-pryde-260515/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Raymund Gordon Paterson|Paterson, Raymund or Raymond Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CH-7RX] - 1903(Vic)-1996(Canada) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 506, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenferrie, 1926-1928)

===''PATON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paton|Paton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Charles Ninion Paton|Paton, Clifford Charles Ninion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-G4Z] - 1917(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Sydney (North Wollstonecraft, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1607, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Wright Alexander Paton|Paton, James Wright Alexander &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V2-CD1] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2VQ Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1939; Avalon Beach, 1946-1947; Manly, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954; Manly, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1287, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RANVR, Sub-lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); company director (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1949); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); consultant (Manly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PATTERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Patterson|Patterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Patterson|Patterson, Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y1-GDH] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5XR Naracoorte (1933-1939); 5XR Peterborough (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1097, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, 1939); electrician (Quorn, 1941-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1909(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1947-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, WA, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/James Brown Patterson|Patterson, James Brown]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTW-WDY] - 1833(Eng)-1895(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, briefly Premier of Victoria (1893-1894), Postmaster-General Vic (July 1878 - March 1880) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Patterson|Patterson, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHV-CLN] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AFG Sydney (Waverley, 1936-1939; Woollahra, 1946-1950; Bondi Junction, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1756, 1936, NSW; BOCP 900, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Woollahra, NSW, 1949-1954); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Watsons Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); grazier (Bowral, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Walter Patterson|Patterson, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTB-83T] - 1906(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2AJW Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Killara, 1939; Roseville, 1946-1961; Avalon Beach, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2092, 1938, NSW; BOCP 1480, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mosman, NSW, 1930); radio technician (Mosman, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1934-1935); sales manager (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); sales engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1943-1954); TV engineer (Avalon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram &quot;Charles Ingram&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1946-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, 1958-1968)

===''PAUL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paul|Paul, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Anthony Paul|Paul, Leo Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQJ-C8P] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Receive Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1922-1923); 3LP Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1924-1937; Preston, 1938-1939); 3XO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1948-1960; Thornbury, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 15, 1924, No. 6 in Vic) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Fitzroy, 1927-1936)

===''PAXTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paxton|Paxton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest John Paxton|Paxton, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMM-WZY] - 1910(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AKD Sydney (Killara, 1938-1939; Lindfield East, 1946-1947; Killara, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2140, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930; Killara, NSW, 1933-1937); optometrist (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1972)

===''PAYNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payne|Payne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Tyndall Payne|Payne, Alfred Ernest Tyndall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBX3-LQN] - 1872(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3PP Melbourne (Toorak, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (?, Captain) - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Toorak, Vic, 1905-1937); stock breeder (&quot;Yarra View&quot;, Lilydale, Vic, 1943-1954)

* [[/George H. Payne|Payne, George H.]] - 19??(???)-1987(Qld) - 4NEV Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1946+, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, hon. secretary; WIAQ, president, assoc. members section)

* [[/John Payne|Payne, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSL-41Q] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IN Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1927; Kensington, 1928-1930)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: insurance department manager (Kensington, 1930-1931); secretary (Kensington, 1933)

* [[/Reginald Lewis Payne|Payne, Reginald Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG9-HFF] - 1898(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: 3RP Geelong (Newtown, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 225, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1919-1921); telegraphist (Newtown, 1922-1942) (check XJM R. Payne, Armadale for relationship)

===''PAYTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payter|Payter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph William Payter|Payter, Joseph William]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - early telephone experimenter in Melbourne, mechanic in Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs (one of James Smibert's &quot;Williamstown boys&quot;)

===''PEAKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peake|Peake, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Griffith Peake|Peake, John Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPBK-LL8] - 1896(NSW)-1966(USA) - Licences: XIT Sydney (Summer Hill, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 6th Rifles, Gunner, 1916-1920) - Electoral Rolls: chemical engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1932-1937; Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''PEARCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearce|Pearce, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Conjola Pearce|Pearce, Arthur Conjola]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2K-ZFR] - 1919(NSW)-2009(Tas) - Licences: 2AHB Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Five Dock, 1948-1950; Leichhardt, 1954-1958; Dee Why, 1960-1961; Church Point, 1965, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1968, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Leichhardt, NSW, 1954); clerk (Dee Why West, NSW, 1958; Church Point, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Ronald Pearce|Pearce, Edward Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3M-7YJ] - 1916(Vic)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6TP Perth (North Perth, 1936-1939, 1948; Mt Hawthorn, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1757, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Coolbinia, WA, 1980)

* [[/Henry Robert James Pearce|Pearce, Henry Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5X-NLN] - 1899(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1773, 1936, Vic; BOCP 484, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1977)

* [[/William Pearce|Pearce, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-MSY] - 1913(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Cessnock (1934-1939); 2CW Newcastle (Mayfield, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1296, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WPs - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cessnock, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Mayfield, NSW, 1943-1963); telecommunications technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1968); telephone technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''PEARN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Pearn|Pearn, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCKW-JRW] - 1896(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PN Adelaide (Sturt Park, 1934-1939; Wayville West, 1947-1948; Unley, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1378, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

===''PEARSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearson|Pearson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Pearson|Pearson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J5-YMZ] - 1910(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2KD Temora (1932-1939); 2KD Sydney (Belmore, 1946-1948; Herne Bay, 1950-1960; Riverwood, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 972, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Temora, NSW, 1934-1937); railway employee (Armidale, NSW, 1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954-1958; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Eric Harry Pearson|Pearson, Eric Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-9GQ] - 1917(NSW)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1613, 1936, Qld; COCP2 70, 1936; COCP1 110, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Normanton, Qld, 1941; Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); farmer (Karragarra Island, Qld, 1954); representative (Chelmer, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Ian Richman Pearson|Pearson, Ian Richman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-4LF] - 1908(Vic)-1972(Tas) - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (Berwick, 1929-1931); 7KB Burnie (1948-1965); 7KB Port Sorell (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 528, 1929, Vic; AOCP 2661, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Deer Park, Vic, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Burnie, Tas, 1949-1954)

* [[/Leonard Frank Pearson|Pearson, Leonard Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99VY-QVV] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3PI Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1660, 1936, Vic; COCP1 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Benalla, Vic, 1925); telegraphist (Williamstown, Vic, 1927; Preston, Vic, 1928-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''PECK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peck|Peck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Leslie Peck|Peck, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCL-QKN] - 1879(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XGJ Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PEDDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peddell|Peddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Peddell|Peddell, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-L1J] - 1906(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2MP Sydney (North Sydney, 1931); 2KN West Kempsey (1948); 2KN Sydney (Herne Bay, 1950-1954; Gymea Bay, 1955-1957); 2XO Sydney (Carlton, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 138, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Artarmon, NSW, 1930); radio telegraphist (Narrabeen, NSW, 1931; Mona Vale, NSW, 1933-1937); radio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1941); radio officer (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954); public servant (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1963; Archerfield, Qld, 1963; Carlton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pedding|Pedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Frederick Pedding|Pedding, William Frederick or Smith, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-KCC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WU Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2121, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PEELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peell|Peell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Peell|Peell, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3T-Q6W] - 1901(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922-1923); 2WJ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1928-1930; Maroubra, 1931-1939, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1950; Bringelly, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 593, 1920; COCP1 287, 1932 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); radio operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949-1954); manager (OTC Radio Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''PELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Pell|Pell, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLT-FXD] - 1892(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XJE Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 83, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Corp) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda East, Vic, 1917); electrical engineer (Glenferrie, Vic, 1919); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1937); district engineer (Essendon North, Vic, 1942); electrical engineer (Greensborough, Vic, 1949); nil (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/214472 VWMA]

===''PELLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pelling|Pelling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Frederick Law Pelling|Pelling, John Charles Frederick Law &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-176] - 1908(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6WO Moojebing (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1213, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Dumbleyung, WA, 1931); farmer (Moojebing, WA, 1936-1943; King River, WA, 1949-1968)

===''PEMBERTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pemberton|Pemberton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Thurston Pemberton|Pemberton, Stanley Thurston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YR-CR4] - 1911(Eng)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939; Ashbury, 1946-1948; Connells Point, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 848, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); draftsman (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1954-1963; Connells Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PEMBLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pembleton|Pembleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Edward Pembleton|Pembleton, Thomas Edward &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HP-JDF] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4ZL Rockhampton (1936-1939;1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1600, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943); turner (Rockhampton North, 1949-1980)

===''PENNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Penny|Penny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Langford Penny|Penny, William Langford &quot;Bill&quot; &quot;Uncle Bud&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZX-BSG] - 1906(Qld)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Sydney (Woolwich, 1933; Northbridge, 1934); 2GU Tamworth (1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 884, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 175, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930; Merewether, NSW, 1932; Kensington, NSW, 1932; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1935); radio dealer (Tamworth, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''PEPPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pepper|Pepper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ralph Campbell Pepper|Pepper, Ralph Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC93-1MN] - 1905(NSW)-1984(Qld) - Licences: N742 Receive Tamworth (1922); 2HV Receive Tamworth (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tamworth, 1930; Maroubra, 1931; Artarmon, 1934-1949; Newmarket, Qld, 1954-1972; Alderley, 1977-1980)

===''PEPPERCORN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Albert Edward or Edward Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWP-Y9W] - 1918(NSW)-2012(ACT)93yo - Licences: 2QJ Sydney (Bexley, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 5TP Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1960); 6GX Perth (Scarborough, 1965); 1AEP Canberra (Curtin, 1969-1975; Downer, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1765, 1936, NSW; BOCP 157, 1938; COCP1 789, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warialda, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1949); radio officer (Lawson, NSW, 1949); technician (Scarborough, WA, 1963); electronics technician (Curtin, ACT, 1968); technical officer (Curtin, ACT, 1972); technician (Downer, ACT, 1977-1980)

===''PERDRIAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perdriau|Perdriau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Carter Perdriau|Perdriau, Henry Carter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D9-L79] - 1895(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: XHC Sydney (1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: cousin of 2ZR William James Stanley Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: manager (Chatswood, 1930-1936; Roseville, 1943-1954)

* [[/William James Stanley Perdriau|Perdriau, William James Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTH6-8LS] - 1885(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923); 2ZR Sydney (Manly, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: cousin of XHC Henry Carter Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Manly, 1930-1943)

===''PERKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perkin|Perkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Perkin|Perkin, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2L-L3T] - 1900(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Rochester (1932-1939); 3EP Bendigo (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1024, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Rochester, Vic, 1922-1937); watchmaker (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''PEROOZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perooz|Perooz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Percy Perooz|Perooz, James Percy or Jumah Percy &quot;Khan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-966] - 1913(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2PE Bourke (1931-1939); 2PE Woy Woy (1946); 2PE Sydney (Epping, 1947-1948; Padstow, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 856, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 436, 1942; COCP1 624, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bourke, NSW, 1937); wireless mechanic (Epping, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980);

===''PERREY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Litchfield Perrey|Perrey, Alexander Litchfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZVM-9P9] - 1898(SA)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 5LP Strathalbyn (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 99, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PERRY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perry|Perry, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Walter Perry|Perry, Clement Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWM5-85V] - 1896(SA)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AMH Sydney (Penshurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2299, 1939, NSW; BOCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Reinforcements 3rd Battalion, 1915-1920, incl signals school; attended British School of Telegraphy, Clapham, 1919) - Electoral Rolls: drilling machinist (enlistment, 1915); telephone mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1935; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Station 2CR, Cumnock, NSW, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Manly, NSW, 1949; Station 2NR, Lawrence, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Grafton, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Umina, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Francis Cole Perry|Perry, Malcolm Francis Cole]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L679-XR2] - 1891(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XCP Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914); 2DG Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1930-1937); editor (Randwick, 1943-1949; Coogee, 1954-1958); counsellor (Hazelbrook, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCP-2DG - Malcolm Francis Cole Perry&quot;

* [[/Roy Edwin Perry|Perry, Roy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYP-NBP] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1939); 3OU Melbourne (Carnegie North, 1947-1954; Chadstone, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1204, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937; Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1968; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peters|Peters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Peters|Peters, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CZ-SK2] - 1897(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2EU Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2EU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1918) - Relationships: Uncle of 2ER Wallace George Haydn Best - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rose Bay, 1930-1933); carpenter (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1963); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles William Peters|Peters, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56G-DNM] - 19??(???)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2SV Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1935; Lindfield, 1936-1938; Roseville, 1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Ryde, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1390, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933; Lindfield, NSW, 1935); process worker (Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1943); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrician + Eva (Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Henry Zornig Peters|Peters, Henry Zornig &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4XX-HBC] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ZP Maryborough (1937-1939); 4ZP Sarina (1947-1956); 4ZP Cooroy (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1978, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Yerra via Maryborough, Qld, 1936-1937; Sarina, 1943); farmer (Cooroy, 1963-1980)

* [[/Keith Francis Peters|Peters, Keith Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-HNB] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3AKP Stawell (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2365, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Horsham, Vic, 1942); linesman (Stawell, Vic, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1963); television mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1968); TV serviceman (Stawell, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petersen|Petersen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Marzanti Petersen|Petersen, Thomas William Marzanti &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LX-VR8] - 1919(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4FY Brisbane (Cooparoo Heights, 1939, 1946-1947); 4YO Moreton Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2321, 1939, Qld; BOCP 1070, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Hills TV service); business proprietor (Advance Radio, Wynnum Radio Repairs) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949); mill worker (Bargara, Qld, 1954); no occupation (Wynnum, Qld, 1958-1972); technician (Wynnum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''PETERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peterson|Peterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Michael Peterson|Peterson, Adrian Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LN-L7Z] - 1931(SA)-Living - Licences: KA9YPQ; N9GWY - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president (Adventist World Radio); assembled one of the world's largest collections of broadcast QSL cards, now housed at NFSA; broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1940s through 2020s); historian (broadcast, amateur, utility) - Electoral Rolls: student (A. M. College, Cooranbong, NSW, 1954) - Relationships: Son of Frank Walter Peterson - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan.html Wavescan]; [https://radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-m-to-q/adrian-peterson/ NZRDXL Autobiography]

* [[/Frank Walter Peterson|Peterson, Frank Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJN5-8YB] - 1911(SA)-2011(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1920s though 1950s); early collector of broadcast QSLs 1920s &amp; 1930s - Comment: QSL collection survives as part of the Adrian Peterson QSL collection at NFSA - Relationships: Father of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Harold Franz Peterson|Peterson, Harold Franz]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-CV1] - 1888(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Sydney (Coogee, 1930-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 617, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Coogee, 1930-1958)

* [[/Rupert Clarence Peterson|Peterson, Rupert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-VJ3] - 1910(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 7AZ Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922-1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923-1924); 3PT Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 401, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 96, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949; Ivanhoe, 1954-1977); retired (Merimbula, 1980)

* [[/Walter Peterson|Peterson, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QP Melbourne (Toorak, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 689, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kew, 1925); telephone engineer (Kew, 1926-1928); engineer (Toorak, 1931-1937); secretary (Lilydale, 1943-1954); electrical instrument maker (Collingwood North, 1967-1968) - several contemporaneous WPs

* [[/Walter Martin Peterson|Peterson, Walter Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDRD-G6B] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6LW Perth (West Perth, 1937; East Perth, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; City, 1954-1956; City Beach, 1960-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1864, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Balcatta, WA, 1931-1936; North Perth, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1937-1943); radio engineer (East Perth, WA, 1949-1958); lecturer (City Beach, WA, 1963-1977)

===''PETITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petith|Petith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Raymond Frederick Petith|Petith, Joseph Raymond Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7XP-M1W] - 1905(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2PH Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1939; Auburn, 1946-1969; Guildford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 949, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Homebush, NSW, 1936); lead worker (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1963); varnish maker (Guildford, NSW, 1980)

===''PETRUCHENIA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valentine Vincent Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Valentine Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-PR1] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1948-1954); 2VS Sydney (Turramurra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 776, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942; Moonee Ponds, 1949-1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PETTITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pettitt|Pettitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Seymour Bevin Pettitt|Pettitt, Walter Seymour Bevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XW-VJY] - 1906(NZ)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2YD Sydney (Rhodes, 1933-1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1237, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1920+) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943; Concord, NSW, 1949)

===''PHELPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phelps|Phelps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Phelps|Phelps, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D5-97G] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DL Sydney (Canterbury, 1931-1939, 1946; Ashbury, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 769, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1935-1937; Ashfield, 1942; Ashbury, 1949-1963)

===''PHIBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phibbs|Phibbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Raymond Aloysius Phibbs|Phibbs, Arthur Raymond Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G551-F5Z] - 1914(NSW)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2EU Albury (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1456, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cordial maker (Albury, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''PHILBIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Thomas Philbin|Philbin, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKL-L7L] - 1889(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7FP Queenstown (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ulverstone, 1914); electrician (Queenstown, 1919-1937); electrical fitter (Queenstown, 1949-1954); to NSW 1940s
===''PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phillips|Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Albert Phillips|Phillips, Alan William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-LD4] - 1915(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5GX Adelaide (Somerton, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1601, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (St Leonards, SA, 1939; South Plympton, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/A. M. Phillips|Phillips, A. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDN Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Albert Maurice Phillips|Phillips, Albert Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-GGP] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5ZU Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1713, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Russell Phillips|Phillips, Charles Russell &quot;Russell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTB-DQ5] - 1914(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1874, 1937, Vic; COCP2 145, 1938; COCP1 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Mologa, Vic, 1936); wireless operator (Mologa, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Frederic John Mason Phillips|Phillips, Frederic or Frederick John Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L41M-2JH] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2ZQ Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1939, 1946-1958; Pymble, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1044, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1930); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1958; Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon George Phillips|Phillips, Gordon George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7V-TB1] - 1887(NSW)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 93, 1915; 1COCP 321, 1933 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Townsville, 1912-1919); radio telegraphist (Currie, King Island, 1922); telegraphist (South Townsville, 1925); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1937)

* [[/Harry Edward James Thomas Phillips|Phillips, Harry Edward James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZW-SXG] - 1896(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1933; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Merlynstone, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 532, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Newmarket, 1919); butcher (Emerald, 1922; Mitcham, 1924-1936; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1949)

* [[/James Graham Phillips|Phillips, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-8JC] - 1909(SA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 5BW Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1931; Somerton, 1933-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 256, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Somerton, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/606863 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Paul Clifton Phillips|Phillips, John Paul Clifton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4T-H9P] - 1904(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2PP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 915, 1926 (Spark); COCP2 41, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1954)

* [[/John Rich Phillips|Phillips or Rich-Phillips, John Rich]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-KMC] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CD Murraydale (1931-1939, 1947-1948); 3CD Lake Boga (1954-1956); 3CD Melbourne (Narre Warren, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 818, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murraydale, Vic, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel William Phillips|Phillips, Noel William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FX-877] - 1911(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4NP Ipswich (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1396, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Public Works Dept) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Ipswich, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Sydney John Phillips|Phillips, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2ZM-XQ6] - 1901(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1937) (Certainly a typo, see 2ADV Hicks) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 873, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 126, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Narrabeen, NSW, 1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); accountant (Summer Hill, NSW, 1943); company director (Artarmon, NSW, 1954)

* [[/William Hugo Charles Phillips|Phillips, William Hugo Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQHK-1F6] - 1892(Qld)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 11, 1914 - Radio Inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PHILLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Laurance Vincent Phillis|Phillis, Laurance Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5R-98V] - 1900(SA)-1953(SA) - Licences: 5LP Adelaide (South Payneham, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1136, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PHILPOT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Philpot|Philpot, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Hanmer Philpot|Philpot, Clarence Hanmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRM-C7S] - 1906(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Geelong (1923); 3CP Geelong (1924-1925); 3CP Warrnambool (1925-1926); 3KL Ararat (1927); 3KL Avoca (1931-1937); 3KL Horsham (1938-1939); 3KL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 381, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Derrinallum, 1928; Avoca, 1931-1936); postal (Elsternwick, 1942-1980)

* [[/Wesley Rex Philpot|Philpot, Wesley Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMN-Z1K] - 1919(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3EZ Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1948; Mont Park, 1954; Macleod, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2352, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1911, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kew, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Macleod, Vic, 1949-1963); communications officer (Plenty, Vic, 1968); public servant (Diamond Creek, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Nicholson?, Vic, 1980)

===''PHILPOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver Jones Philpott|Philpott, Oliver Jones]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LJ-52T] - 1869(???)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Sandringham, 1919); manager (Caulfield, 1921-1927)
===''PHIPPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phipps|Phipps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roger Sydney Phipps|Phipps, William Roger Sydney &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZX2-Z6G] - 1896(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6WP Perth (Subiaco, 1924-1927; Victoria Park, 1930-1933; South Perth, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 111, 1925, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 16, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Subiaco, 1921); electrical fitter (Subiaco, 1925); radio operator (Victoria Park, 1931; South Perth, 1936-1972)

===''PICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pick|Pick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. W. Pick|Pick, A. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Yowie Bay, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PICKERING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickering|Pickering, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Victor Pickering|Pickering, Arthur Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZC-R19] - 1896(Eng)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2KI Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, 2nd Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''PICKLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickles|Pickles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Jack Pickles|Pickles, Ernest Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2X-SBN] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QV Fennells Bay (1932-1939); 2AAR Kempsey (1950); 2AAR Coffs Harbour (1954); 2AAR Sydney (Kogarah, 1955-1960); 2YK Sydney (Manly, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1027, 1932, NSW; AOLCP 114, 1933; COCP2 243, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Fassifern, NSW, 1933-1943); communications officer (Kempsey, NSW, 1949; Sawtell, NSW, 1954; Kogarah, NSW, 1958-1963; Manly, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''PIEREMONT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pieremont|Pieremont, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Steinberg Pieremont|Pieremont, Neil Steinberg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL16-T7L] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NQ Sydney (Caringbah, 1935-1936; Cronulla, 1937; Port Hacking, 1938-1939; Watsons Bay, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948; Miranda, 1950-1955; Loftus Heights, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Enfield, NSW, 1932); wireless mechanic (Sutherland, NSW, 1932); radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Port Hacking, NSW, 1933-1934; Cronulla, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Gymea, NSW, 1954; Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968; Pearl Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PIGGOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Piggott|Piggott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Lawrence Piggott|Piggott, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMR-RFJ] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2WM Sydney (San Souci, 1934-1937; Kings Cross, 1938; CBD, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1403, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Otford, NSW, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1963); clerk (Cronulla, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PIKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pike|Pike, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Arthur Pike|Pike, John Herbert Arthur &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MT5R-K62] - 1890(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XJP Sydney (Arncliffe, 1911); XDY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); XDZ Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912); 2DF Receive Sydney (Epping, 1922-1924); 2JP Sydney (Epping, 1925-1929; Greenwich, 1930-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 130, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA (research, later draftsman) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Eastwood, NSW, 1913); draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XJP-XDY-XDZ-2DF-2JP - John Herbert Arthur Pike&quot;

* [[/Rodney Vernon Bailey Pike|Pike, Rodney Vernon Bailey or Bayly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55K-39B] - 1917(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ACU Wellington (1937-1939); 2ACU Cowra (1947); 2ACU Coonamble (1948-1957); 2ACU Urunga (1958-1961); 2ACU Coonamble (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 62, 1936; COCP1 134, 1937) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cowra, NSW, 1943); ice manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1949; Coonabarabran, NSW, 1954; Coonamble, NSW, 1958); manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PILGRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Roy Pilgrim|Pilgrim, Clarence Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXM-VJD] - 1893(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XAV Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (9th Reinforcements, Aust Flying Corps, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930-1936); lorry driver (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''PIMBLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pimblett|Pimblett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lewis George Pimblett|Pimblett, Lewis George &quot;Lou&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6Z-CRT] - 1893(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Riverina Wireless (experimental broadcast station VK2ZE ca 1924, later B class licence but never operated) amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1916-1919, Private, AIF); inventor - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic 1928-1931); manager (Mitchell, Vic, 1935-1936; Manly, NSW, 1936-1937; Harbord, NSW, 1943-1954; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.pittwateronlinenews.com/Lewis-George-Pimblett-Mona-Vale-Toymaker-Robotics.php Pittwater Online News]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1973432 Embarkation Roll]; [https://patents.google.com/patent/US2396433A/en Bubble Pipe Patent]

===''PINKNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pinkney|Pinkney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Clare Pinkney|Pinkney, Ronald Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLH-T77] - 1906(SA)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1007, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (Fitzroy, Vic, 1928); grocer (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''PINNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Chalker Pinnell|Pinnell, John Chalker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z5-P4G] - 1902(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923-1924); 2ZR Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1934; Ashfield, 1935-1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Earlwood, 1954-1961; Croydon, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 547, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1934; Ashfield, 1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1949); teacher (Earlwood, 1954-1963); retired (Ashfield, 1968; Mt Kuringai, 1980)

===''PINNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Robert Pinney|Pinney, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJB-WQR] - 1883(Vic)-1945(NSW) - 4CP Port Moresby (Konedobu, 1925-1927) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Light Horse, 2nd Lieutenant to Captain, 1914-1918) - Awards: Military Cross (1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PITCHFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitchford|Pitchford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stuart Frederick Pitchford|Pitchford, William Stuart Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5C-X48] - 1906(Eng)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (City, 1926-1933; Hyde Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 254, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Reade Park, 1939-1943)

===''PITMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitman|Pitman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Harold Pitman|Pitman, Douglas Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K2-TWD] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Wagga Wagga (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1254, 1934, NSW; BOCP 651, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor (Pitman Communications, Wagga Wagga) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935-1943); radio engineer (Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PITTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pittard|Pittard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred William Pittard|Pittard, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8T-4LW] - 1907(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6AP Perth (Nedlands, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2379, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: taxi driver (Fremantle, WA, 1931-1937); salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1958)

===''PITTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitts|Pitts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Graham Pitts|Pitts, Reginald Graham or Graham Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGB-56Y] - 1915(SA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 5GP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1934-1939); 5GP Alice Springs (1947); 5GE Port Augusta (1955-1975); 5GE Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1377, 1934, SA; 2COCP 189, 1938; 1COCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Torrensville, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Alice Springs, NT, 1949)

===''PLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Place|Place, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Place|Place, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SB-TG3] - 1891(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XAJ Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); telephone technician (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949)

===''PLANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plant|Plant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Plant|Plant, William John &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KN-X1L] - 1921(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AMM Newcastle (Junction, 1939; Hamilton, 1946-1947; Stockton, 1948-1956; Maitland, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2315, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Stockton, NSW, 1943-1954); fitter &amp; turner (Maitland, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''PLEMING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pleming|Pleming, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Henry Pleming|Pleming, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N58-46N] - 1917(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Springhurst (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2368, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: National Medal, 1989; Aus Fire Service Medal, 1995 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Springhurst, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''PLOWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plowman|Plowman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce McInnes Plowman|Plowman, Bruce McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-4K9] - 1919(Tas)-2018(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3QC Bendigo (1938-1939); 3QC Terang (1947-1948); 3QC Melbourne (Brighton, 1954); 3QC Wangaratta (1955-1980+); 3AQC Portable &amp; Mobile Terang (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2073, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Terang, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1954); manager (Wangaratta, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''POCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pocock|Pocock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Arthur Henry Pocock|Pocock, James Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-86Z] - 1919(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2413, 1939, NSW - amateur operator?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stockyard Creek via Copmanhurst, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Carrs Creek via Grafton, NSW, 1963); insurance agent (Lismore, NSW, 1968); agent (Lismore, NSW, 1972); salesman (Goonellabah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''POLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pole|Pole, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Edward Pole|Pole, Keith Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1C3-1H2] - 1922(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3IM Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947); 3UN Melbourne (Heathmont, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2366, 1939, Vic; BOCP 424, 1942; COCP2 575, 1942; COCP1 597, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); electrical engineer (Heathmont, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''POLLARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollard|Pollard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Pollard|Pollard, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCVD-W57] - 1892(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XCV Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied to enlist, 1917, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''POLLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollock|Pollock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Pollock|Pollock, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-R5H]- 1911(Eng)-1985(Sct) - Licences: 2XU Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1935; Normanhurst, 1936); 2XY Medlow Bath (1937); Kearsley (1938-1939); 2FU Sydney (Summer Hill, 1954-1961); 2FU Blaxland (1965-1969); 2FU Wentworth Falls (1975-1980); 2YQ Portable Sydney (Belmore, 1935); 2YQ Portable Stanford Merthyr (1936); 2YQ Sydney (Kearsley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 770, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 78, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Medlow Bath, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1954-1963); television engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1963); engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henderson Pollock|Pollock, John Henderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFM-9TQ] - 1895(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Moorooka, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Moorooka, Qld, 1922-1926); insurance manager (Townsville, Qld, 1928-1937); insurance agent (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''POLMEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Polmear|Polmear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Samuel Robert Polmear|Polmear, Oliver Samuel Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHPF-KGY] - 1906(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AEO Wagga Wagga (1937-1939); 2AEO Sydney (Campsie, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1860, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Albury, NSW, 1930; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1937; Campsie, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''PONSONBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Bessborough Ponsonby|Ponsonby, John Bessborough]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 466, 1919; 1COCP 50, 1930 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls:

===''POPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maitland Glen Pope|Pope, Maitland Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ4K-FN6] - 1884(WA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 122, 1915; 1COCP 153, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1906); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); civil servant (Hobart North, Tas, 1914); officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1919-1921); wireless expert (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1927-1931); supervisor (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''PORTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Glanville Porter|Porter, Leonard Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-765] - 1897(SA)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5MP Huddlestone (1938-1939; 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 966, 1927; 1COCP 73, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1924); wireless operator (5PI Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''POTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Potter|Potter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Frank Ernest Potter|Potter, Alfred Frank Ernest &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBGM-294] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2114, 1938, Vic; BOCP 191, 1938; TVOCP 16, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Newmarket, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); director (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1972); TV director (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/potter-alfred-frank-ernest-alf-32890 ADB]

* [[/Edward Thomas Potter|Potter, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-38V] - 1915(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6ZO Perth (East Fremantle, 1937-1939; Bicton, 1947-1965; Melville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1959, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (East Fremantle, WA, 1937-1943); contractor (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1958; Melville, 1963); builder (Melville, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/William Francis Potter|Potter, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G878-638] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2WP Helensburgh (1928-1939); 2WP Fairy Meadow (1948-1950); 2WP Charlestown (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 399, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 38, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Helensburgh, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1949); shiftman (Charlestown, NSW, 1954); electrical mechanic (Charlestown, NSW, 1958); railway employee (New Lambton, NSW, 1958)

===''POTTIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pottie|Pottie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Pottie|Pottie, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V3D-JFZ] - 1909(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HQ Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931; Hunters Hill, 1933-1938; Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 589, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1933; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''POULSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Poulsen|Poulsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valdemar Poulsen|Poulsen, Valdemar]] - 1869(Denmark)-1942(Denmark) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - inventor of a magnetic wire recorder, Poulsen arc transmitter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [[w:Valdemar Poulsen|Wikipedia]]; [https://ethw.org/Valdemar_Poulsen IEEE]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valdemar-Poulsen Britannica]

===''POWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powell|Powell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Powell|Powell, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-BHS] - 1902(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1935-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); piano tuner (Vaucluse, NSW, 1931-1963)

* [[/Harry Dalzell Powell|Powell, Harry Dalzell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HF-5J8] - 1900(Tas)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1135, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Town, Tas, 1943); inspector (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); accountant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''POWER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Power|Power, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Power|Power, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''POWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powers|Powers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Agar Thorburn Powers|Powers, Lionel Agar Thorburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-632] - 1909(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3PS Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3APS Casterton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1080, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Cowes, Vic, 1949; Casterton, Vic, 1954-1967); manager (Casterton, Vic, 1972)

===''PRATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pratt|Pratt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan James Pratt|Pratt, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKJ-RDP] - 1916(NSW)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 2AHE Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Oatley, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1980, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: despatch clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); broadcasting technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''PRENTICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prentice|Prentice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Theodore McLaren Prentice|Prentice, Edward Theodore McLaren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSQ4-LMG] - 1894(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LU Sydney (Lane Cove, 1930-1934; Carlingford, 1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 617, 1921; COCP2 265, 1930; COCP1 294, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1935-1943)

* [[/Thomas Ferguson Prentice|Prentice, Thomas Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZF4-8FR] - 1911(NSW)-????(Vic) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1931-1933; Malvern, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 842, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Father also TFP - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1949); electrical engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mildura, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''PRESCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prescott|Prescott, Prescott]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Prescott|Prescott, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTVS-CXH] - 1857(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 251 Sydney (Stanmore, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Clergyman (Newington College, Petersham, NSW, 1903-1932; Blackheath, NSW, 1933; Ashfield, NSW, 1935-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/prescott-charles-john-8105 ADB]

===''PRESDEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Presdee|Presdee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clarence Presdee|Presdee, Leslie Clarence &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK7H-RJQ] - 1897(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XAI Wollongong (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; applied to enlist AIF (WW1) but rejected on medical grounds - Electoral Rolls: law student (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); law clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1931-1933); clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lilyfield, NSW, 1943); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XAI - Leslie Clarence Presdee&quot;

===''PRESTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Arthur Campbell Preston|Preston, Thomas Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDV-FFD] - 1886(Tas)-1970(Tas) - Licences: 7BK Queenstown (1923-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 190, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Mount Lyell Co (electrical engineer, 1920s; chief engineer) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Queenstown, 1919-1954)

===''PRESTON-SMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Cedric Preston-Smith see Cedric Preston Smith

===''PRICE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Clarey Price|Price, John Clarey &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7GR-V19] - 1884(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4CE (Receive) 1922; 4FI or 4FJ Brisbane (Bardon, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); radio business proprietor (Wireless House); public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wooloowin, 1912-1913); public servant (Bardon Estate, 1919-1936; Bardon, 1943-1954)
* [[/Keith Ferguson Price|Price, Keith Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-TPD] - 1900(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4KF Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1937, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1926); engineering instructor (Camp Hill, Qld, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PRIDDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Priddle|Priddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Arthur Priddle|Priddle, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-PNF] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Bathurst (1929-1936); 2RA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Greenwich, 1946; Pymble, 1947-1965; Wahroonga, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 473, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Yass, 1935; Marrickville, 1936-1943; Lane Cove, 1943; Pymble, 1949-1963); engineer (Wahroonga, 1968)

===''PRIDEAUX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Charles Prideaux|Prideaux, Joseph Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-Y6H] - 1908(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4DS Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: musician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1943); hairdresser (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1968)
===''PRIDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pridham|Pridham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clifford Pridham|Pridham, Leslie Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK2-H6C] - 1916(SA)-2007(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2047, 1937, SA; BOCP 301, 1940; 1COCP 834, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Lockleys, SA, 1943)

===''PRIMMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Primmer|Primmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Henry Charles Primmer|Primmer, Richard Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP69-XMV] - 1887(Eng)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Receive Sydney (Gordon, 1923); 2RP Sydney (Gordon, 1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Gordon, NSW, 1913); cinematographer (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1935)

===''PRINCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prince|Prince, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Prince|Prince, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKT-ZLR] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5WK Adelaide (Walkerville, 1934-1939; Kurralta Park, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1358, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Queenstown, SA, 1941); fitter (Gracemere, SA, 1943); sheet metal worker (Broadview Gardens, SA, 1943)

===''PRINGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pringle|Pringle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Yeoman Pringle|Pringle, Albert Yeoman &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CN-S13] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3BT Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3MM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1927); wireless engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1954); radio engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1958-1968; Mont Albert, Vic, 1972)

===''PRIOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prior|Prior, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lancelot Sidney Prior|Prior, Lancelot Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-MXB] - 1913(WA)-1984(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely used the 6MO Watheroo Magnetic Observatory licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2239, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); geophysicist (Watheroo, WA, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Malvern, Vic, 1963; Braddon, ACT, 1968-1972; Claremont, WA, 1977-1980)

===''PRITCHARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albyrt Edward James Pritchard|Pritchard, Albyrt Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNL8-LC8] - 1897(Vic)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XNM Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914); 3DY Receive Melbourne (North Brunswick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 511, 1920 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1922); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1925-1928); garage proprietor (Tyabb, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); nil (Upwey, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Blacktown, NSW, 1963; Galston, NSW, 1968)
* [[/Athol Charles Joseph Pritchard|Pritchard, Athol Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLD-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3CP Melbourne (Kew, 1931-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 805, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); nil (Kew, Vic, 1943); builder (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1967; East Kew, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PROPOSCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilhelm Carl Lormann Proposch|Proposch, Wilhelm or William Carl Lormann or Forman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVN-TGW] - 1900(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4PL Chinchilla (1937-1939); 4PL Nanango (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1986, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wellborer (Maclargan via Jondaryan, Qld, 1925-1936); radio dealer (Chinchilla, Qld, 1937; Nanango, Qld, 1943-1968)

===''PROUT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prout|Prout, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Prout|Prout, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFH2-9VQ] - 1902(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CT Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1925-1931); fitter (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1949; Mt Claremont, WA, 1954-1972)

===''PROWSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prowse|Prowse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Richard Prowse|Prowse, Roy Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKVT-GKK] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1954; Bentleigh, 1960); 3XY Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1770, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Caulfield East, Vic, 1949-1954; Bentleigh South, Vic, 1963-1967; Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PRYOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pryor|Pryor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Arthur William Pryor|Pryor, Geoffrey Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9V-NC1] - 1918(NSW)-2004(???) - Licences: 2AMP Sydney (Croydon North, 1939; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2304, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); shipping officer (Croydon, NSW, 1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PRYZBILLA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Alfred Pryzibilla|Pryzibilla, Colin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKD-1SY] - 1910(SA)-2001(SA)91yo - Licences: 5XJ Adelaide (Parkside, 1935-1939, 19471960; Brooklyn Park, 1965-1969; Ascot Park, 1975; Plympton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1590, 1935, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pugh|Pugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Stuart Pugh|Pugh, Clifford Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KWJL-7G3] - 1897(Vic)-1966(USA) - Licences: XOI Melbourne (Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 604, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 14th Battalion) - Comment: Migrated to USA 1926 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Preston, Vic, 1921-1925)

* [[/Eric Gordon Pugh|Pugh, Eric Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYDY-PHY] - 1912(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ADK Kempsey (1936-1939); 2ADK Sydney (Concord West, 1946-1948; Ryde, 1950-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1740, 1936, NSW; BOCP 553, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1937); senior radio inspector (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''PURDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdie|Purdie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Robert Purdie|Purdie, Richard Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-JBS] - 1902(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Windsor, 1931; Richmond, 1933; Windsor, 1935-1939); 2ARP Sydney (Wentworthville, 1946-1947; Pendle Hill, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 334, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Richmond, Vic, 1926); wireless operator (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); airman (RAAF Station, Parkes, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Pendle Hill, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PURDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdon|Purdon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Commodore Vere Purdon|Purdon, Commodore Vere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ28-Y6B] - 1901(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1922); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1922; Hobart South, 1928; Bellerive, 1936-1954)

===''PURSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purssell|Purssell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Roger Purssell|Purssell, John Roger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV5-NND] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIN Sydney (Lakemba, 1937-1939; Bankstown West, 1946-1948; Lakemba, 1950-1969; Oyster Bay, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2009, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1937); steelworker (Bankstown, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1949-1968); technical officer (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1972); retired (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PURVIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purvis|Purvis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clive William Purvis|Purvis, Clive William &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD4-Y7K] - 1913(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3PC Melbourne (Armadale, 1937-1939, 1947; Elsternwick, 1948; Bentleigh, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1911, 1937, Vic; COCP2 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937); sales (Armadale, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

=='''Q'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''QUICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quick|Quick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Quick|Quick, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKWF-QQF] - 1852(Eng)-1932(Vic) - state politician (MLA Vic, 1880s &amp; 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1909-1910), oversight of 1909 Melbourne Wireless Telegraphy Conference - Links: [[w:John_Quick_(politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/quick-sir-john-8140 ADB]

* [[/Maurice Royal Quick|Quick, Maurice Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYHS-Z69] - 1915(???)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (West Preston, 1935-1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 4MQ Toowoomba (1947); 3RQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1948; Nunawading, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1542, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Preston, Vic, 1937); rigger (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1937-1943); RAAF (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); technical officer (Nunawading, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''QUILTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quilty|Quilty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Edward Quilty|Quilty, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR27-R35] - 1915(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2AHQ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1967, 1937, NSW; COCP1 312, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1943); typist (Bondi, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''QUIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quin|Quin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kenneth Quin|Quin, Alan Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-HZ3] - 1915(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3OY Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 902, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1968); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles Quin|Quin, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-TP8] - 1910(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CX Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937; Wembley, 1938-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 678, 1930, WA; AOLCP 178, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wembley Park, 1937); accountant (Swanbourne, 1963); retired (Swanbourne, 1972-1977)

* [[/Charles Cuffe Quin|Quin, Charles Cuffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQS-MKJ] - 1915(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 3WQ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1934-1939; Kew, 1947-1948); 2AWQ Sydney (Russell Lea, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1310, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); storeman (Kew, Vic, 1943-1949); manager (Summer Hill, NSW, 1954; Five Dock, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''QUINN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quinn|Quinn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Norman Quinn|Quinn, David Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQW-23H] - 1891(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 18, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915); supervisor (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1943)

===''QUODLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quodling|Quodling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Newton Quodling|Quodling, Harold Newton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGG-VBV] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YE Receive Sydney (Beecroft, 1923); 2QL Sydney (Beecroft, 1931-1933); 2AGA Sydney (Beecroft, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 818, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 128, 1930; COCP1 101, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio-telephone (Beecroft, NSW, 1932-1935); radio engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1943-1954); sales engineer (Epping, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Westmead, NSW, 1980)

=='''R'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''RADCLYFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Edward Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4K-ZT3] - 1907(South Africa)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADM Canberra (Ainslie, 1936-1939; Braddon, 1947-1955); 2AIX Canberra portable (Ainslie, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1758, 1936, ACT; COCP1 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Blackburn, Vic, 1931; Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1937); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958-1977);  retired (Mossy Point, NSW, 1980)

===''RADFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radford|Radford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Dynan Radford|Radford, Wilfred or William Dynan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/92MT-KNF] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 4WV Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); 4WW Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1624, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theological student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Toongabbie, NSW, 1954); priest (Marist College, Armidale, NSW, 1958; Toongabbie, NSW, 1963-1968; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RAEBEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Raebel|Raebel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Cook Raebel|Raebel, Leslie Cook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7N-HDX] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 3HI Melbourne (Elwood, 1947); 9HI Port Moresby (1948-1965); 4LC Mt Tamborine (1969); 6HX Mt Helena (1975); 6HX Australind (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2165, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (North Tamborine, Qld, 1969-1972); retired (Australind, WA, 1977-1980)

===''RAGLESS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Beaumont Ragless|Ragless, Gordon Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY3-58F] - 1909(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5GR Adelaide (St Marys, 1928-1939; Marion, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 434, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchard assistant (St Marys, 1939-1943)

===''RAINBOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rainbow|Rainbow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher James Rainbow|Rainbow, Christopher James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87K-BB5] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Melbourne (Preston, 1928-1954; West Preston, 1955-1969; Rosebud, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 406, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; partnership (Supreme Radio Co, Preston ?-1932); WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3PA Percy James Anderson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Preston, 1931-1942); traveller (Preston, 1949-1972; Rosebud, 1977); retired (Rosebud, 1980)

===''RAMAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ramage|Ramage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Erwin Ramage|Ramage, James Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF1D-5W9] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AHP Sydney (Abbotsford, 1937-1939); 2HK Sydney (Botany, 1946; Hornsby, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1966, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RAMSAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Charles Ramsay|Ramsay, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-4RT] - 1871(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Toowong, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hermit Park, Qld, 1903-1905; South Brisbane, Qld, 1912; West End, Qld, 1915-1919); accountant (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925; Waverley, NSW, 1930-1934); teacher (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1943)
* [[/Robert Ramsay|Ramsay, Robert ]] - 1842(Sct)-1882(Vic) - solicitor, Victorian politician, Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1874 - Aug 1875; Oct 1875 - May 1877)

===''RANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Randell|Randell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Burney Francis Henry Randell|Randell, Burney Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQM3-623] - 1906(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Laverton, 1935-1938); 2ALN Sydney (Windsor, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1538, 1935, Vic; COCP1 294, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936); airman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937; Kilaben Bay, NSW, 1943; South Perth, WA, 1949-1968)

* [[/Charles Otto Randell|Randell, Charles Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97TF-XLP] - 1880(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BK Innisfail (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster (callsign to 4BK Brisbane commercial 1930) - Comment: 4AC Leslie Waters employed by Randell Engineering - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Hambledon, 1903); chemist (Goondi, 1908); engineer (Innisfail, 1912-1913); mechanical engineer (Townsville, 1915); analytical chemist (Innisfail, 1919-1930); agent (Toowong, 1936); chemist (Brisbane, 1937); industrial chemist (North Sydney, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;4BK - Charles Otto Randell&quot;

===''RANKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rankin|Rankin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Ronald Rankin|Rankin, Kenneth Ronald &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RC-8FS] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3KR Kerang (1926-1939); 3KR Benalla (1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 242, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kerang, Vic, 1928-1937); manager (Benalla, Vic, 1949-1963) - Probate: Theatre Manager (Benalla, 1965)

* [[/Ronald John Rankin|Rankin, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYG2-Q3R] - 1917(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1632, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1943); RAAF Officer (Bradfield Park, NSW, 1949); RAAF (Yangoona, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Isle of Capri, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''RANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rann|Rann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George William Rann|Rann, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VMV] - 1908(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6KO Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1000, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Nedlands, WA, 1931); printer (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley, WA, 1937-1943; Leederville, WA, 1954-1958); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1963-1972)

===''RATCLIFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Herbert John Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, James Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-91H] - 1920(Tas)-1976(Tas) - Licences: 3RA Powelltown (1947); 7RA Hobart (Battery Point, 1948; Lindisfarne, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2305, 1939, Vic; BOCP 211, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Rose Bay, Tas, 1954)

===''RAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olaf Edwin Rawson|Rawson, Olaf Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JH-ZKX] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: XPL Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: tobacconist (Mansfield, Vic, 1921-1924); police constable (Middle Park, Vic, 1925-1926); constable (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); police constable (Alexandra, Vic, 1936-1937; Murtoa, Vic, 1942); constable (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''RAYNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rayner|Rayner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Rayner|Rayner, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQQ-2LK] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1928-1930; Belmore, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 384, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 425, 1933; 1COCP 335, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Annandale, NSW, 1930); constable (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1934); police constable (Belmore, NSW, 1937-1949)

* [[/Roy Hamilton Rayner|Rayner, Roy Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDX-4B9] - 1911(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2DO Yass (1932-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1020, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Yass, NSW, 1936-1943); leather trade (Yass, NSW, 1949-1963); depot attendant (Yass, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''READ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Earl Read|Read, Alfred Earl &quot;Earl&quot;]] - 1892(NZ)-1960(NZ) - journalist (editor NZ Radio Times to 1936; editor and proprietor, Australasian Radio World 1936-1940; manager, Australasian Radio World 1940+)
* [[/Allan William Read|Read, Allan William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1B-WF2] - 1913(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6LK Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933); 6LK Northam (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 735, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 163, 1934; 1COCP 83, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broadcasting Station, Northam, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1943-1958); public servant (Nollamara, WA, 1963-1980)
* [[/Edgar Henry William Read|Read, Edgar Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXQ-SCK] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Carlton, 1926; Brunswick, 1927-1931; East Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 274, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP, 350, 1931; 1COCP, 381, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1932; Camberwell, Vic, 1936); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cairns, Qld, 1941-1949); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1954); civil aviation officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Greensborough, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/Eric Vernon Read|Read, Eric Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJX7-LHY] - 1915(Tas)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 3AIR 987, 1947; 1AIR 23, 1947 - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF)  - Electoral Rolls: officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Graceville, Qld, 1941); Malvern, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); surveyor (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Sorrento, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Frederick Charles Read|Read, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Z-21P] - 1892(NSW)-1935(WA) - Licences: XYN Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: cable tester (Victoria Park, WA, 1914-1917); telephone mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1931)

===''READER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/d'Arcy Harold Reader|Reader, d'Arcy Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KX-8N8] - 1888(NZ)-1952(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 123, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1916-1917)

===''READING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Charles Reading|Reading, Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZW7-9DL] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Bangalow (1925-1929); 2LT Lismore (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrician, Reading Bros (proprietor &amp; electrical engineer, 1930-1939) - Callsign: 2RG callsign may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 2RG Griffith commercial - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bangalow, NSW, 1930-1937); electrical mechanic (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical fitter (Lismore, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Leonard William Reading|Reading, Leonard William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2LY-H23] - 1904(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6LR Northam (1933-1936); 3TQ Newport (1937); 6LR Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939; South Perth, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1200, 1933, Vic; 1COCP 384, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Northam, WA, 1925-1936; Newport, Vic, 1937); airman (South Perth, WA, 1943); supervisor (Karinup, WA, 1980)

===''REAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reay|Reay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Reay|Reay, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP4-Y5V] - 1866(Vic)-1923(Vic) - Licences: XOR Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Carlton, Vic, 1909; Brighton, Vic, 1912-1919); storeman (Fitzroy, Vic, 1921; Middle Park, Vic, 1921-1922)

===''REDDACLIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Arthur Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2BF-2S2] - 1918(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEX Sydney (Gladesville, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Eastwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1831, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1949); public servant (Eastwood, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''REDDROP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddrop|Reddrop, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James William Reddrop|Reddrop, James William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1T-SYY] - 1906(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Launceston (1934-1937); 3BN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 28, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: airman (Elsternwick, 1931; St Kilda, 1937); air force (Elsternwick, 1942-1954); air force officer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958); RAAF officer (Campbell, 1963); retired (Hackett, ACT, 1968); representative (Tbre Lake, 1972-1980)

===''REECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reece|Reece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Alfred Reece|Reece, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT71-X8H] - 1917(NSW)-1981(WA) - Licences: 2AMV Broken Hill (1939); 6JP Bibra Lake (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2343, 1939, NSW; BOCP 296, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: coppersmith (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943); farmer (Bibra Lake, WA, 1949-1980)

===''REED''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reed|Reed, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril John Reed|Reed, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-JL3] - 1914(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3IX Melbourne (Spotswood, 1938-1939; Footscray, 1947-1956; Essendon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2106, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Newport, Vic, 1936-1937; Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954; Essendon, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Donald William Reed|Reed, Donald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23K-8PZ] - 1912(NSW)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 2DR Sydney (Waitara, 1931-1939, 1946-1954); 2ADR Sydney (Waitara, 1958-1960); 2ADR Muswellbrook (1975); 2ADR Ulladulla (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 852, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 385, 1940; COCP1 467, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Waitara, NSW, 1934-1943); agent (Waitara, NSW, 1949-1954); buyer (Waitara, NSW, 1958); radio officer (Ulladulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Andrew Reed|Reed, Joseph Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-9N1] - 1905(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 950, 1932, NSW; COCP3 463, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1933); police constable (Bowral, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936); constable (Clovelly, NSW, 1937-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Joseph Griffiths Reed|Reed, Joseph Griffiths &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC6Y-GZZ] - 1897(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XABP Newcastle (1914); 2JR Sydney(Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Croydon, 1934-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 710, 1922; 1COCP 235, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABP-2JR - Joseph Griffiths Reed&quot;

===''REEDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Bennett Reedman|Reedman, Alfred Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLN-MVM] - 1896(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Norman Park, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919-1921; Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1980)

===''REES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Rees, Alun Morris - See Morris-Rees, Alun 
* [[/Richard Montague Elyder Rees|Rees, Richard Montague Elyder]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXW-S6Y] - 1901(Eng)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 2RE Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1927; Coogee, 1928-1930); 2WM Sydney (Enfield, 1931-1933); 2APW Albury (1946-1947); 3APW Darling (1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 296, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 959, 1927; 2COCP 283, 1930; BOCP 107, 1937; 1COCP 941, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1931-1937)
* [[/Roy Benjamin Rees|Rees, Roy Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQV-5S6] - 1894(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XLN Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1919-1924; Sydenham, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1930-1972)

===''REEVES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Herbert Reeves|Reeves, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-X92] - 1905(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CR Perth (Claremont, 1931-1933; Victoria Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 746, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Claremont, WA, 1931; Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1943; Wagin, WA, 1954; Fremantle, WA, 1958; East Fremantle, WA, 1963-1972)

===''REID''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reid|Reid, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Houston Reid|Reid, Alan Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PY-BH6] - 1910(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3UL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3HR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1933); 3AHR Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 275, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1931); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1967; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Gordon William Reid|Reid, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Y2-85X] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2FZ Temora (1932-1939); 2OW Temora (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 977, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Temora, NSW, 1930-1963); electrician (Temora, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/John Reid|Reid, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3G-PDG] - 1901(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BE Melbourne (Werribee, 1937); 6BE Perth (RAAF, Pearce, 1938); 3AJR Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 26, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRs - Electoral Rolls: retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Dwyer Reilly|Reilly, Edward or Edwin Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S5-67P] - 1913(Vic)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (Woodville, 1935-1939; Brooklyn Park, 1947-1975; Aldinga, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1524, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Woodville, SA, 1939-1943)
* [[/Eric Harold Reilly|Reilly, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L153-S1X] - 1905(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4ER Brisbane (Hill End, 1934-1937); 4ER Laidley (1938-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1339, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ, WICEN) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Hill End, Qld, 1934-1937); motor mechanic (Laidley, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''REIMANN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Alwin Reimann|Reimann, Albert Alwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4RD-V3K] - 1905(SA)-1946(SA) - Licences: 5JO Adelaide (Kent Town, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 453, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''REINARTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Leonard Reinartz|Reinartz, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94X7-XYL] - 1894(Ger)-1964(USA) - Licences: 1QP (1908-?); 1XAM; W3RB; K6BJ - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator - Comment: with Fred Schnell made first Trans-Atlantic 2 Way QSO with F8AB Leon Deloy - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/1QP/ Ham Gallery]

===''REINHOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Cyril Reinhold|Reinhold, Edwin Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHH4-WWR] - 1900(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: Q747 Receive Brisbane (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clayfield, 1925); motor mechanic (Gracefield, 1931-1949); soldier (Sherwood, 1954-1980)

===''RENNIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/F. Rennie|Rennie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HI Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/J. M. Rennie|Rennie, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QF Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/K. M. Rennie|Rennie, K. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AO Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''RENSHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Phillip Renshaw|Renshaw, Walter Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9KS-1LX] - 1891(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFP Sydney (Roseville, 1912-1914); 2DE Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 370, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator - amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIA NSW - 1912+, President, Federal President); professional clubs (IRE NSW - founding member); business (consulting engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Hon. Sec. WIA NSW) - Comment: late 1930s entangled in a NSW State Government corruption enquiry - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Roseville, 1936-1954; Ashfield, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFP-2DE - Walter Phillip Renshaw&quot;

===''RENWICK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Griffith Renwick|Renwick, Arthur Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-8XV] - 1902(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 292, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Roseville, 1930-1937); chemist (Drummoyne, 1943-1954); retail chemist (Strathfield, 1958-1963)

===''RETALLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Retallick|Retallick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Moncrieff Retallick|Retallick, James Moncrieff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKK3-QDW] - 1898(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Bellingen (1930-1939, 1946-1947); 2FE Portable Bellingen (1933-1939); 2XO Raleigh (1948-1955); 2XO Coffs Harbour (1956-1958); 2XO Urunga (1960-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 664, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Substation, Raleigh, 1949-1954); electrical mechanic (Urunga, 1963-1968)

===''REYNOLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reynolds|Reynolds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Pretoria Reynolds|Reynolds, Arthur Pretoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F6-6PX] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Oatley, 1931-1936); 2AP Parkes (1937); 2AP Albury (1938-1939); 2AP Sydney (Richmond, 1946-1960); 2AP Katoomba (1961-1965); 2AP Leura (1969); 2AP Blackheath (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 34, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Oatley, NSW, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1937; Richmond, NSW, 1943-1958; Leura, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Shipley, NSW, 1972)

* [[/George Daniel Reynolds|Reynolds, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9J-VBQ] - 1886(NZ)-1964(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 180, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1917; Cooktown, 1928); radio (Malvern, 1934-1937); wireless operator (New Farm, 1943); radio station manager (Townsville, 1949); retired (Malvern, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Patrick Reynolds|Reynolds, Reginald Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH3-V8S] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Temora (1931-1933); 2RH Leeton (1933); 2RH Wagga Wagga (1935-1938); 2RH Young (1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 211, 1931; AOLCP 52, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1958; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Randwick, NSW, 1968); technician (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald James Reynolds| Reynolds, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNH-BFX] - 1912(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2AFR Sydney (Granville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Westmead, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1855, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Granville, NSW, 1934-1937); telegraphist (Granville, NSW, 1943); postal employee (Westmead, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''REYNOLDSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Laurence Reynoldson|Reynoldson, Edmund Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QH-63N] - 1895(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XKB Strathmerton (1913-1914); 3FC Receive Melbourne (City, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 673, 1921 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 (Signal Engineers, 2nd Division); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Comment: Brother Leonard Mood Reynoldson killed at Bullecourt - Electoral Rolls: operator (Brighton, Vic, 1922); postmaster (St James, Echuca, Vic, 1924-1926; Hayfield, Vic, 1931-1954); nil (Ringwood East, Vic, 1963)

===''RHEUBEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Owen Rheuben|Rheuben, Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNYD-98M] - 1893(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XLL Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3UA Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: turner (South Melbourne, Vic, 1914); engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1927-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1963); retired (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''RHODES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Rhodes|Rhodes, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BS-QMC] - 1887?(???)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Kadina (1923); 5HR Kadina (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Needs more research - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quorn, 1939-1943; Grassmere, 1943)

===''RIBBETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas John Ribbett|Ribbett, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQQ-YRJ] - 1880(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RICH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Fry Rich|Rich, Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-YZ3] - 1873(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 4CR Fife Bay, Papua - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 4VX 2AJZ 9VX 2API Mackendrick Charles William Rich - Electoral Rolls: retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1949)
* [[/Mackendrick Charles William Rich|Rich, Mackendrick Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-5MB] - 1903(PNG)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 4VX Samarai, Papua (1938-1939); 2AJZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1946); 9VX Port Moresby (1947-1948); 2API Sydney (Manly Vale, 1954-1955; Balgowlah, 1956-1969; Manly Vale, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 4CR Charles Fry Rich - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Manly Vale, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Manly Vale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICHARDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/G. F. Richards|Richards, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (Moonah, 1923); 2237 Hobart (Moonah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/George Richards|Richards, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDM-JZ6] - 1888(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4XK Ipswich (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 575, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Silkstone, 1917-1932; Booval, 1936-1958)
* [[/Maurice Evans Richards|Richards, Maurice Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-KPB] - 1910(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5CY Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); 5MR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 369, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Likely a relation of 5WR Wilfred Mayo Richards - Electoral Rolls: welder (Millswood East, SA, 1943) 
* [[/Norman Henry Richards|Richards, Norman Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-NL1] - 1912(Eng)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 4NR Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1071, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1937); mechanic (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1943); refrigeration engineer (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1963-1968); retired (Glasshouse Mountains, Qld, 1972-1977; Tin Can Bay, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Victor John Richards|Richards, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-3HH] - 1916(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6JR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1894, 1937, WA; 2COCP 265, 1939; 1COCP 367, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Nedlands, WA, 1937); radio operator (Alice Springs, NT, 1943); machinery assistant (Wivenhoe, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Darlinghurst West, NSW, 1949; Charters Towers, Qld, 1949)); radio operator (Carlingford, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Blacktown, NSW, 1958); technician (Applecross, WA, 1958-1972); radio officer (Applecross, WA, 1977-1980)
* [[/Wilfred Mayo Richards|Richards, Wilfred Mayo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-6W4] - 1896(SA)-1948(SA) - 5WR Adelaide (Medindie Gardens, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 364, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - certainly a relation of 5MR Maurice Evans Richards

===''RICHARDSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richardson|Richardson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kennington Richardson|Richardson, Alan Kennington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRM-73L] - 1914(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5AR Adelaide (Everard Park, 1934-1939; City, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1277, 1934, SA; AOLCP 201, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Everard Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Charles Augustus Richardson|Richardson, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-45H] - 1905(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2PT Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 922, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1943); RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); salesman (St Kilda, Vic, 1954); sales (Toorak, Vic, 1954-1963); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Henry Richardson|Richardson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZG-11X] - 1919(Tas)-2003(???) - Licences: 7GR Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1980); 2NMF Sydney (Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2302, 1939, Tas; BOCP 293, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, Tas, 1943; Queenborough, Tas, 1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954-1963)  

* [[/Jasper Bede Richardson|Richardson, Jasper Bede]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-LTY] - 1907(WA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 6LX Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1933; Hollywood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 831, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Hollywood, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; East Fremantle, WA, 1949); mechanic (Bicton, WA, 1954-1968)

* [[/John Keith Richardson|Richardson, John Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QQ-76P] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Tas) - Licences: 4KR Barcaldine (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: overseer (&quot;Ashgrove&quot;, Gore, 1930-1932) - Trovetag: &quot;4KR - John Keith Richardson&quot;

* [[/Laurence Ross Nelson Richardson|Richardson, Laurence Ross Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-7RH] - 1914(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3LD Melbourne (Armadale, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 821, 1931, Vic; AOLCP 116, 1933; COCP2 258, 1939; COCP1 303, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1937); nil (Bayswater, Vic, 1949); technician (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert John Richardson|Richardson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYX6-FTT] - 1912(Vic)-2004(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Collingwood, 1936-1939; Cheltenham, 1947-1975); 3ZP Moe (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1785, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Collingwood, Vic, 1934-1937); machinist (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942; Heatherton, Vic, 1949-1967); PMG employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1977); retired (Moe, Vic, 1980)

===''RICHES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riches|Riches, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney James William Riches|Riches, Sydney James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RF-1ST] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 34, 1931; AOCP 1784, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1937); farmer (Larpent, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''RICH-PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rich-Phillips|Rich-Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE PHILLIPS, principally John Rich Phillips

===''RICHMOND''===

* [[/Cecil Harry Garbett Richmond|Richmond, Cecil Harry Garbett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTB-MV6] - 1910(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2059, 1937, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Awards: Imperial Service Medal (1970, Shipping Dept, clerical assistant) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Holland Park, Qld, 1943-1972); retired (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''RICHTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richter|Richter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Wilfred Richter|Richter, Roy Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCN-XHW] - 1920(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ADP Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939); 2ACR Sydney (Manly Vale, 1961; Belrose, 1965-1969); 2ACR Ellenboraugh via Wauchope (1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1741, 1936, NSW; COCP2 146, 1938; COCP1 194, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Manly, NSW, 1949; Collaroy, NSW, 1954); manager (Fairlight, NSW, 1958); engineer (Manly Vale, NSW, 1963); manufacturer (Belrose, NSW, 1972); grazier (Ellenboraugh, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICKABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rickaby|Rickaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lorimer Douglas Rickaby|Rickaby, Lorimer Douglas &quot;Rick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMR4-Z8W] - 1906(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4VR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Coopers Plains, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 485, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4VL, 4AK, 4BK); military (WW2, RAN); ship wireless officer; security officer (MSS) - Relationships: father of 4RX Brian ??? Rickaby; father-in-law of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949);  meter reader (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1958-1972) 

* [[/Brian ??? Rickaby|Rickaby, Brian ???]] - Licences: 4ZAP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1960); 4RX Brisbane (Salisbury, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: AOLCP; AOCP; BOCP; TVOCP - amateur operator; broadcast engineer (Qld State Broadcasting Office, P&amp;TD / DoC / DoTaC / ABA) - Relationships: son of 4VR Lorimer Douglas Rickaby; husband of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls:

===''RIDGWAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ridgway|Ridgway, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edwin Keith Ridgway|Ridgway, Edwin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVNZ-36N] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Leongatha (1934-1937); 2AGQ Henty (1938); 3IV Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1282, 1938, Vic; BOCP 519, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Ballarat West, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''RIETHMULLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64Z-XCL] - 1903(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4SK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 250, 1930; 1COCP 299, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jandowae, 1936); radio technician (Wellington, NSW, 1937; Moorooka, 1943); radio operator (Darlinghurst, 1949; Wahroonga, 1963-1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1972-1980)

===''RILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riley|Riley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Morton Russell Riley|Riley, Morton Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJJ7-62N] - 1911(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3TN Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1789, 1936, Vic; BOCP 507, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Hamilton, Vic, 1934-1954)

* [[/William Frederick Riley|Riley, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK87-JBH] - 1919(WA)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4FS Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2240, 1938, Qld; COCP1 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943; Moorooka, Qld, 1949); aircraft surveyor (Lane Cove, NSW, 1954; Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968; Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/William James Riley|Riley, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKCG-NHL] - 1907(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YX Sydney (Balmain, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Strathfield, 1954; Balmain, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1056, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Refer Ancestry.com for details of a difficult life - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balmain, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''RING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ring|Ring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Mostyn Ring|Ring, Keith Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB8-YR7] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5KH Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954; Eden Hills, 1955-1969); 5KH Williamstown (1975); 5KH Kapunda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 923, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Jamestown, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leo Ring|Ring, Thomas Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-D97] - 1893(Vic)-1945(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 233, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1916; Sandgate, 1921); clerical assistant (Bowen, Qld, 1925); postmaster (Texas, 1930-1937); retired (Hendra, Qld, 1943)

===''RINGROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ringrose|Ringrose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Ringrose|Ring, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPC-GSV] - 1900(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YR Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939); 2BSR Forster (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 421, 1919 (Marconi); COCP2 129, 1930; COCP1 193, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Epping, NSW, 1935-1949); radio technician (Eastwood, NSW, 1954); technician (OTC Doonside Rd, Blacktown, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''RIPPEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adolf Heinrich Gerhard Rippen|Rippen, Adolf Heinrich Gerhard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-QSB] - 1919(WA)-1941(Off coast of Kenya) - Licences: 6GR Perth (Fremantle, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1731, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, HMAS Sydney II, Telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fremantle, 1943) - Links: [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=478 HMAS Sydney II Memorial]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/644953 VWMA]; [http://www.streetwisemedia.com.au/unknown-sydney-sailor-named-after-80-years/ Streetwise] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''RIVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Ronald Rivers|Rivers, Edmund Ronald or Ronald Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJH-V2S] - 1901(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3ER Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1922-1923); 3ER Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 767, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RIX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rix|Rix, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry George Rix|Rix, Walter Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMQX-KZQ] - 1898(Qld)-1923(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Receive Brisbane (Bulimba, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (Valley, Qld, 1919-1921)

===''ROBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robb|Robb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Lindsay Robb|Robb, Walter Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-JBL] - 1917(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 3YR Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1947-1948; Essendon West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2122, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942); toolmaker (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); draftsman (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''ROBBINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Fellows Robbins|Robbins, Thomas Fellows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-2SL] - 1918(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5DK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1935-1937; Malvern, 1938-1939); 5AQ Leigh Creek (1954-1960); 5AQ Port Augusta (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1548, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Malvern, SA, 1941-1943)

===''ROBERTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roberts|Roberts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles D'Arcy Roberts|Roberts, Charles D'Arcy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-VBN] - 1909(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2JV Sydney (Greenwich, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 408, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1943) - Electoral rolls: clerk (Lane Cove, 1930-1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Edmund Charles Roberts|Roberts, Edmund Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1Q-WMS] - 1919(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1946; Punchbowl, 1947); 9QK Lae (1948); 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1954-1961); 2QN Lakemba (1969); 4QI Gladstone (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2279, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1882, 1960; TVOCP 310, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1958); technician (Bendigo, Vic, 1963); TV technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1963-1972); RAN (Nowra, NSW, 1972-1977); radio technician (Gladstone, Qld, 1977-1980); engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Harry Mayland Roberts|Roberts, Harry Mayland or Mayfield (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLH-KKF] - 1912(SA)-1979(SA) - Licences: 5MY Adelaide (Alberton East, 1931; Myrtle Bank, 1938-1939; Fullarton Estate, 1947-1954; Plympton, 1955-1965; North Plympton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 763, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Herbert Charles Roberts|Roberts, Herbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-122] - 1902(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3HR Sea Lake (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1669, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/J. C. A. Roberts|Roberts, J. C. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAY Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Identification: Not yet identified, despite three given names - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Michael Denis Roberts|Roberts, John Michael Denis or Dennis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89R-5VT] - 1917(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2ACK Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1939); 2JS Sydney (Campsie, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1656, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 8, 1946; COCP1 1119, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Keith McLeod Roberts|Roberts, Keith McLeod]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJS-1GN] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2109, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Nicholas William Roberts|Roberts, Nicholas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-XKV] - 1915(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5NR Adelaide (St Peters, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1228, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, age 21yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Noel Grafton Roberts|Roberts, Noel Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRD-CCL] - 1924(Eng)-2008(Eng) - Licences: 5NR Katherine (1947) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 589, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Tally Ho, Vic, 1967-1968; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Phillip Roberts|Roberts, Phillip]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZF Narrandera (1932-1935); 2AFF Wagga Wagga (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1014, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Narrandera, NSW, 1931-1932); storeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Richard George Crafter Roberts|Roberts, Richard George Crafter or Crofter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWFZ-Z24] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UU Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 750, 1922; 2COCP 430, 1933; 1COCP 505, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, 1933-1936; Lovetts Bay, 1943; Chatswood, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ronald Joseph Roberts|Roberts, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1S-97N] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1887, 1937, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Flexmore Roberts|Roberts, Russell Flexmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL4K-265] - 18??-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4PN Brisbane (West End, 1927-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 372, 1927, No. 41 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; television experimenter (4CM); broadcaster (4BC, manager) - Electoral Rolls: musical director (South Brisbane, 1919); musician (Coorparoo, 1934); manager (Yeronga, 1936-1937); alderman (Annerley, 1954)

* [[/V. Roberts|Roberts, V.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBERTSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robertson|Robertson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Robertson|Robertson, Albert Edward &quot;Robbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-G68] - 1908(???)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 3US Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2US Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1969; Chatswood, 1975; Castle Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1968); radio officer (Chatswood, NSW, 1972); retired (Castle Cove, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Gordon Hamilton Robertson|Robertson, Archibald Gordon Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62Y-5YZ] - 1906(South Africa)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2ALA Sydney (Undercliffe, 1938-1939; Enfield, 1946-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2196, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Toxteth, NSW, 1932-1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Glebe, NSW, 1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Crows Nest, NSW, 1954)

* [[/Brian Desmond Robertson|Robertson, Brian Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-W63] - 1921(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 1RD Macquarie Island (1950s); 5RD Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 998, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Sterling Robertson|Robertson, David Sterling]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-F7H] - 1920(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Mt Lofty, 1937-1939, 1948-1965); 1ATR Canberra (Deakin, 1956; Yarralumla, 1960); 5RN Adelaide (Stirling, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1944, 1937, SA; 2COCP 346, 1940; 1COCP 405, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 5YL-1YL Denise Alison Robertson nee Haslam - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, 1943)

* [[/Denise Alison Robertson|Robertson nee Haslam, Denise Alison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-JWG] - 1927(NSW)-2008(SA) - Licences: 1YL Canberra (Yarralumla, 1960-1965); 5YL Adelaide (Stirling, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3552, 1956, ACT - amateur operator; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 5RN-1ATR David Sterling Robertson - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robins|Robins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Francis Robins|Robins, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZKN-B51] - 1919(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947); 6RB Northam (1948); 6RB Perth (Joondanna, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2221, 1938, WA; COCP1 2032, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1949); postal officer (Joondanna, WA, 1954-1972); public servant (Joondanna, WA, 1977-1980)

===''ROBINSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robinson|Robinson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Robinson|Robinson, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1G8-ZJ2] - 1900(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Hunter's Hill, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 498/499, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical meter tester (Haberfield, 1933-1936) - Callsign: 2GR callsign previously held by Joseph Sydney Marks

* [[/Arthur Robinson|Robinson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-4PP] - 1926(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ABF Sale (1948-1956); 3ABF Melbourne (Croydon, 1960); 3ABF Traralgon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2710, 1948, Vic; TVOCP 184, 1959 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Croydon, 1963); PMG TV technician (Traralgon, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles John Robinson|Robinson, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJD-DC5] - 1908(Tas)-2004(???) - Licences: 7RC Launceston (1936-1937); 7KR Launceston (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1668, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carter (Launceston, 1936-1937); cordial maker (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/Harry Percival Robinson|Robinson, Harry Percival or Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-J96] - 1905(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5HN Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1947-1960; Windsor Gardens, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2168, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Port Adelaide, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Robinson|Robinson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7H-Q61] - 1895(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Receive Sydney (Ryde, 1922-1923); 2RN Receive Sydney (Concord, 1923); 4RN Brisbane (Kedron, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur broadcaster; Honorary Radio Inspector NSW; First director 4QG - Comment: several contemporaneous JWRs - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Merthyr, Qld, 1925-1926); radio engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1928); engineer (Herston, 1936-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2EN-2RN-4RN - John William Robinson&quot;

===''ROBSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Laudreux Robson|Robson, Colin Laudreux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYV-TL8] - 1916(WA)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6XI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1937-1939); 6XI Northam (1947-1948); 6XI Waterloo (1954-1960); 6XI bunbury (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 181, 1936; AOCP 2055, 1937, WA; BOCP 234, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (6AM Quarters, Northam, WA, 1949; 6TZ, Waterloo, WA, 1958-1963; Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

===''ROCHE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roche|Roche, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/L. Roche|Roche, L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROCKBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rockberg|Rockberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alec Rockberg|Rockberg, Alec]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW1-965] - 1907(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Sydney (CBD, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 771, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1943; Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1949; Five Dock, NSW, 1954-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ROCKWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Bruce Rockwell|Rockwell, Horace Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K882-BWV] - 1887(Tas)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XQH Brisbane (Wynnum) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; WW1; WW2; a founder of Wireless Institute of Queensland 1912 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1913; Wynnum, Qld, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Enoggera, Qld, 1919; Chelmer, Qld, 1925); electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1936-1937); soldier (Middle Head, NSW, 1943); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1949)

===''RODDA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodda|Rodda, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William David Rodda|Rodda, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WK-4JB] - 1907(WA)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WR Perth (Claremont, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 435, 1928, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1191, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Claremont, 1931-1936; Nedlands, 1937; Claremont, 1943); control operator (Nedlands, 1949-1954); technician (Perth, 1958)

===''RODGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodger|Rodger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm Alan Rodger|Rodger, Malcolm Alan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Y-LSY] - 1913(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3UI Tatura (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2334, 1939, Vic; BOCP 587, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kyabram, Vic, 1934; Tatura, Vic, 1935-1954)

===''RODWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodwell|Rodwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Rodwell|Rodwell, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWX8-VG7] - 1909(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Bowen Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1936-1937); grocer (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); company manager (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1968); bookseller (Aspley, Qld, 1972)

* [[/J. G. Rodwell|Rodwell, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 244 Sydney (North Sydney, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roger|Roger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herman Roger|Roger, John Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ3-315] - 1901(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (Moore Park, 1929); 2KV Newcastle (CBD, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 829, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone electrician (Lambton, NSW, 1930); telephone mechanic (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); no occupation (Earlwood, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Beresfield, NSW, 1949); broadcasting technician (Surry Hills, NSW, 1949); broadcasting engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1954); postal employee (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''ROGERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rogers|Rogers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Stanley Rogers|Rogers, Bernard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPV-L34] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FG Adelaide (Blackwood, 1934-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1948; Glandore, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1274, 1934, SA; 1COCP 907, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Edwardstown, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Edwin Rogers|Rogers, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-JXW] - 1904(Tas)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1937); 2AHN Sydney (Epping, 1938); 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948); 3TO Yallourn (1954-1965); 3TO Newborough (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1091, 1933, Vic; BOCP 1452, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Nedlands, WA, 1943); patrolman (Yallorn, Vic, 1949-1967); clerk (Newborough, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Lionel Cecil Rogers|Rogers, Lionel Cecil or Cecil Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBJJ-56H] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KF Receive Melbourne (Seddon, 1922); 3LI Melbourne (Seddon, 1937; Footscray, 1938-1939; Seddon, 1947-1948); 3ADQ Rockbank (1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 836, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 101, 1937; COCP1 474, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1926-1931); labourer (McMillans, Vic, 1935-1936); operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1936; Footscray South, Vic, 1937-1949); technician (wireless station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Richard Rogers|Rogers, Richard &quot;Ric&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZN-LHZ] - Living - Licences: 7RO Hobart (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (Amateur Radio Tas) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROHDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Campbell Rohde|Rohde, William Campbell &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76S-GRF] - 1907(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4RW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 493, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (YWCA Wireless Club); comms engineer (PMGD); broadcast engineer (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Red Hill, 1934-1943; Newmarket, 1949); postal engineer (Coorparoo, 1958-1980)

===''ROLLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rolls|Rolls, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Rolls|Rolls, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-V3F] - 1886(???)-1957(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Auburn, Vic, 1916-1919); naval officer (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1928-1949)

===''ROOKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rooks|Rooks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Rooks|Rooks, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FX-5F2] - 1904(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1937); 3DD Melbourne (Cribb Point, 1938); 6DD Perth (Redcliffe, 1947-1948); 4DD Townsville (1956-1969); 2BDD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 23, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Cribb Point, Vic, 1942); radio inspector (Sans Souci, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Redcliffe, WA, 1949); communications officer (Sans Souci, NSW, 1954); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1972; Sans Souci, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ROPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roper|Roper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thornton Graham Roper|Roper, Thornton Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HY-FH7] - 1898(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1954; Surrey Hills, 1955; East Malvern, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2370, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (at WW1 enlistment); turner &amp; fitter (Melbourne East, Vic, 1922-1924); turner (Oakleigh, Vic, 1925-1931); fruiterer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1934-1937); fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''ROSCOE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Thomas Roscoe|Roscoe, Geoffrey Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QR-GJY] - 1900(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Receive Condamine (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Condamine, Qld, 1925; Macknade, Qld, 1936-1937; Boonah, Qld, 1943); retired (St Lucia, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''ROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rose|Rose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Isaac Rose|Rose, Benjamin Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDQ-GPR] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3FR Receive Melbourne (South Oakleigh, 1922); 3TG Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 754, 1922 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1936); carrier (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); storeman (North Clayton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Englebert Rose|Rose, Henry Englebert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD1-TF3] - 1894(NSW)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 2LP Receive Warren (1922); 2HR Warren (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Dalby, Qld, 1913); station manager (Yanganbil, NSW, 1930); grazier (Warren, NSW, 1933); stock and station agent (Warren, NSW, 1935-1936; Annaby, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/Robert William (Qld) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-JJM] - 1911(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4RR Brisbane (1925); 4RQ Longreach (1930-1939, 1946-1948); 2AQR Wallsend (1956-1961); 2AQR Avoca (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 576, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; chemist - Comment: Another Robert William Rose b1923 BOCP 993 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, 1925); chemist (Longreach, 1936-1949; West Wallsend, 1958-1963; Avoca Beach, 1968)

* [[/Robert William (Vic) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Vic)]] - 1923(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 993, 1948; 3AIR 1790, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''ROSEBLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rex Kitchener Roseblade|Roseblade, Rex Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHF-YPM] - 1914(Vic)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 3QJ Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1939); 2RI Canberra (Barton, 1947); 3QJ Melbourne (Balcombe Camp, 1954-1955; Ashburton, 1956-1960); 1QJ Canberra (Narrabundah, 1965-1969; Campbell, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 930, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 152, 1938; 2COCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937-1943); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954; Narrabundah, ACT, 1963-1968; Campbell, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''ROSENSKJAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Rosenskjar|Rosenskjar, F.]] - 19??-19?? - 4?? Brisbane (Fairfield) (Operator 4BI), amateur operator, amateur broadcaster

===''ROSEVEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosevear|Rosevear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Donovan Rosevear|Rosevear, Ernest Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWL-VRK] - 1914(SA)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2405, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: panelbeater (Brighton, SA, 1939); press operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''ROSEWARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Paul Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Jeffrey Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-ZWP] - 1920(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5MN Snowtown (1947-1948); 5MN Kadina (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2313, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ross|Ross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander David Ross|Ross, Alexander David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68V-KFR] - 1883(Sct)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Professor of Mathematics &amp; Physics, University of Perth) - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Perth Club, 1916; West Perth, 1925-1954); retired (Albany, WA, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/ross-alexander-david-8270 ADB]; [[w:Alexander_David_Ross|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/201206204747/features/setting-standards-excellence/ UWA]; [https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1967QJRAS...8..297. Harvard Obit]

* [[/John Francis Ross|Ross, John Francis &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z1-TYT] - 1922(SA)-2021(NSW)98yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer (PMGD); journalist (editor, The Broadcaster); historian (broadcasting, Amateur Radio, radiocommunications); author (&quot;History of Radio in South Australia&quot;; &quot;Radio Broadcast Technology&quot;); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, &quot;For service to the media as a radio broadcasting engineer&quot;, 1989 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Waterstone Mansen Ross|Ross, Reginald Waterstone Mansen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RP-ZML] - 1907(South Africa)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 2IG Albury (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1429, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1934; Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); technical assistant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1958-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ROST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rost|Rost, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Rost|Rost, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2S-FXW] - 1887(Qld)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XBR Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913; Epping, NSW, 1930-1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943; West Ryde, 1949)

===''ROUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roudie|Roudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrea Roudie|Roudie, Andrea &quot;Andrew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNX-X16] - 1912(Greece)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3UJ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1933; Fairfield, 1937-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1948; Ringwood East, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1965; Vermont, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 878, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1963); engineer (Vermont, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ROUTLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Angus Routledge|Routledge, Robert Angus &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX2-BDP] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5RA Adelaide (Richmond, 1930-1931; Henley Beach, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 679, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Henley, 1939); radio technician (Henley, 1941); physics technician (Glenelg, 1943)

===''ROWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/R. L. Rowe|Rowe, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1928; McMahons Point, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 267, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''ROWLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowland|Rowland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Rowland|Rowland, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH14-G2J] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Ballarat (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 657, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Grovedale, 1924); storekeeper (Majorca, 1925-1927; Ballarat, 1931); radio dealer (Ballarat, 1936-1980) - Comment: Don't confuse 3ZGG/3AFS Robert George Rowlands

===''ROWLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMJ-HZT] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1915-1921); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1925-1937); mechanical engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1943-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''ROWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowles|Rowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Alfred Rowles|Rowles, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCL-YYT] - 1908(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2OS Sydney (Double Bay, 1931-1933; Bondi, 1933-1935); 3OS Melbourne (Armadale, 1947; East St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 849, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 422, 1933; COCP1 361, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bus conductor (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); radio (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1935); aeradio operator (Aeradio Station, Forrest, WA, 1943); control officer (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1958; Jordanville, Vic, 1967-1968; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROWLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowley|Rowley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Rowley|Rowley, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76R-9S5] - 1916(Vic)-1991(NZ) - Licences: 3QF Melbourne (Avonsleigh, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954; East Frankston, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2071, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1942); builder (Avonleigh, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roy|Roy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Beresford|Roy, Arthur Beresford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXWQ-QB1] - 1910(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2OP Sydney (Waverley, 1931-1939; Rose Bay, 1946-1947); 2OP New Lambton (1948); 2OP Sydney (Leichhardt, 1950; Strathfield, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 722, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Waverley, NSW, 1932-1937; New Lambton, NSW, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Arthur Richard Roy|Roy, Arthur Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKT-N5V] - 1916(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2ADR Sydney (Mascot, 1936-1939); 3ADR Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1956; Armadale, 1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1734, 191936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1937); St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Toorak, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Royle|Royle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Arthur Kirkcaldy Royle|Royle, William Arthur Kirkcaldy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ13-BBQ] - 1909(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Sydney (Edgecliff, 1927-1928); 2AWK Sydney (Darling Point, 1946-1950; Sandringham, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 318, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: underwriter (Edgecliff, 1936-1954); agent (Sandringham, 1958)

===''RUBAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruban|Ruban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Ruban|Ruban, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-DMS] - 1925(???)-2015(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Footscray North, 1963-1968); technician (Maidstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''RUCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruck|Ruck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Leonard Ruck|Ruck, Charles Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTVS-3DH] - 1894(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 315, 1917 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Malvern, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1933; Canterbury, Vic, 1934-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1963); retired (Camberwell, Vic, 1968)

===''RUDKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rudkin|Rudkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Rudkin|Rudkin, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQQ-3WC] - 1910(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2DG Newcastle (Stockton, 1935-1936; Abermain, 1937-1939; Maitland, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1418, 1935, NSW; BOCP 435, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wickham, NSW, 1932); dairy farmer (Stratford, NSW, 1933); carrier (Stockton, NSW, 1935; Abermain, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Abermain, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Maitland, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''RUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumble|Rumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Eric Rumble|Rumble, James Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G49Y-S8W] - 1917(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RU Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Wembley, 1954-1960; City Beach, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2222, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (Wembley, WA, 1954-1963); company director (City Beach, WA, 1968-1980)

===''RUMBOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumbold|Rumbold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Rumbold|Rumbold, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VKD-BSQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Bendigo (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 349, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bendigo, Vic, 1928); insurance agent (Kyneton, Vic, 1931; Shepparton, Vic, 1931; Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937); assistant superintendent (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1954); cabinet maker (Bendigo, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''RUSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruse|Ruse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Ruse|Ruse, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZMB-QWY] - 1891(Vic)-1987(WA)95yo - Licences: 6WK Perth (Perth City, 1930-1931; Osborne Park, 1933-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 627, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Osborne Park, 1916-1972); retired (Bunbury, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russack|Russack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Lancelot Russack|Russack, Harry Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZX-Q5L] - 1907(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 946, 1927; COCP2 81, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Croydon, NSW, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); agent (Surry Hills, NSW, 1958); company director (Greenwich, NSW, 1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963; Frenchs Forest, NSW, 1968);  retired (Stuarts Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russell|Russell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Cooper Russell|Russell, Albert Cooper &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-BQV] - 1916(WA)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 6AR Albany (1936-1937); 6AR Northam (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1670, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937); mechanic (New Town, Tas, 1943-1949); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Sans Souci, NSW, 1958; Double Bay, NSW, 1963; Kensington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Justice Russell|Russell, George Justice &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLY-QTV] - 1908(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2QA Tullamore (1932-1936); 2QA Nyngan (1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 960, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Tullamore, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Nyngan, NSW, 1937-1968); retired (Nyngan, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Albert Henry Russell|Russell, Ronald Albert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q8-Z2W] - 1912(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3EO Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2176, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cobug, Vic, 1934); constable (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936; Coburg, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''RUTHERFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Rutherford|Rutherford, Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLK-WGB]- 1871(NZ)-1937(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Ernest Rutherford|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1908/rutherford/biographical/ Nobel Prize]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Rutherford Britannica]

===''RUTLEDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutledge|Rutledge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Rutledge|Rutledge, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M441-T34] - 1904(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6DC Receive Perth (Highgate Hill, 1923); 6CR Perth (North Perth, 1960-1965, Applecross, 1969; Attadale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2496, 1942, WA; BOCP 547, 1944 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (North Perth, WA, 1925-1926); chemist (Dalwallinu, WA, 1934-1943); radio electrician (Maylands, WA, 1949-1954); pharmaceutical chemist (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1958-1963); pharmacist (Applecross, WA, 1968); chemist (Attadale, WA, 1972-1980)

===''RUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutter|Rutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Rutter|Rutter, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8B-67C] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2CB Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939; Hornsby, 1946-1980+); 2BCB Culburra (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1662, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RYAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ryan|Ryan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John Ryan|Ryan, Albert John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWH-V6X] - 1897(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LE Canberra (Kingston, 1930-1933); 2YN Canberra (Kingston, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 489, 1919; AOLCP 80, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 1918-1919); PMGD (junior mechanic NSW, 1917; clerk, 1919)  broadcast engineer; founder of 2CA Canberra commercial - Comment: several contemporaneous AJR's - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clement James Ryan|Ryan, Clement James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-2TB] - 1916(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3DZ Portland (1936-1937); 3DZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1948; Balaclava, 1954-1960; Glenhuntly, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1667, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1968); technical (Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Edward Ryan|Ryan, Cornelius Edward &quot;Con&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-84B] - 1907(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4ZS Brisbane (Oxley, 1938-1939, 1947); 4ZS Rockhampton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2190, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1943); cleaner (Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/George Edward Ryan|Ryan, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-RCC] - 1910(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Dutton Park, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1633, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telephone mechanic (PMGD) - Comment: several contemporaneous GERs - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1954); PMG Instructor (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); instructor (Taringa, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Michael James Ryan|Ryan, Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXQ-2MC] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (Merlynston, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2072, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous MJRs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter George Ryan|Ryan, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RR-ZQ1] - 1904(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2TI Sydney (Kensington South, 1935-1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1422, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: master butcher (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''RYMILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Campbell Rymill|Rymill, Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXVS-CTB] - 1907(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Riddoch Rymill|Rymill, Robert Riddoch]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5N-YC9] - 1904(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: V753 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GX Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ethnologist (South Yarra, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/535352 WW2]

=='''S'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''SAAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Saar|Saar, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ52-N3K] - 1889(???)-1956(WA) - Licences: 6CZ Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923); 6CZ Northam (1923-1925); 6KM Eucla (1926-1927); 6KM Geraldton (1933); 6KM Perth (Maylands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 264, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph lineman (North Perth, WA, 1915); postal electrician (Northam, WA, 1917); mechanic (Bunbury, WA, 1916-1917; Balkatta, WA, 1922; Eucla, WA, 1925-1926; North Perth, WA, 1928; Maylands, WA, 1931); postal electrician (Maylands, WA, 1936-1954)

===''SABAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saban|Saban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Saban|Saban, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT4-QQK] - 1895(Vic)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XMI Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914); 2BL Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (East Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933)

===''SABELBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Joseph Brentani Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Charles Joseph Brentani]] - 1869(Vic)-1935(Vic) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Licence possibly held for one of his sons - Electoral Rolls: physician (Violet Town, Vic, 1903-1906); medical practitioner (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''SAGAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Noel Sagar|Sagar, Eric Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-4J9] - 1896(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 5CM Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); 5CM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1924-1926); 4ES Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Halcyon: Not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: manager (Greenslopes, Qld, 1932); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1943-1949); orchardist (Kincumber, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SAINSBURY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Henry Sainsbury|Sainsbury, Rupert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L28X-5H3] - 1896(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1924-1936); 4YJ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1946-1954; Epping, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 54, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930); traveller (Hendra, 1936-1937); soldier (Norman Park, 1943); executive (Concord West, 1949-1954); commercial traveller (Epping, 1958-1968)
===''SAINTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Melville Sainty|Sainty, Clifford Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ61-1GZ] - 1907(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 2MS Warrawee (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 88, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Relationships: likely related to XAH Stanley James Sainty - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Turramurra, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Loganholme, Qld, 1949); builder (Turramurra, NSW, 1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Stanley James Sainty|Sainty, Stanley James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXW9-W9D] - 1898(NSW)-1951(Vic) - Licences: XAH Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1930); mechanical engineer (Tempe, NSW, 1931-1934); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAH - Stanley James Sainty&quot;

===''SALAMY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salamy|Salamy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Salamy|Salamy, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHH-VWR] - 1904(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AJ Receive Warrnambool (1922-1923); 3AJ Warrnambool (1924-1933); 3PS Warrnambool (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 35, 1924, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Warrnambool, 1924-1977)

===''SALLMANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sallmann|Sallmann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Herbert Sallmann|Sallmann or Sallman, Noel Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY1M-59M] - 1912(Vic)-2006(SA)94yo - Licences: 3UG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3AUG Merbein (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2023, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937); assistant manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); manager (Merbein, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Merbein, Vic, 1963-1980); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1980)

===''SALMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salmon|Salmon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Edward Francis Salmon|Salmon, James Edward Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3W-B19] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1934-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1321, 1934, Vic; BOCP 195, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); announcer (Caulfield, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Walter Edwin Salmon|Salmon, Walter Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQC-SWG] - 1902(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2SA Sydney (Naremburn, 1927-1929; Bondi North, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Kirrawee, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Kirrawee, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 298, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1934); police sergeant (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1943); police superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SAMPHIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard Luke Samphier|Samphier, Richard Luke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58L-DPC] - 1914(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6YZ Perth (City, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1938-1939; Carlisle, 1947-1955; Mt Lawley, 1956-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1717, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blind school worker (North Perth, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1943); Blind School employee (Carlisle, WA, 1949-1954; Mt Lawley, WA, 1958)
===''SAMPSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Walter Sampson|Sampson, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWX-3TB] - 1894(NSW)-1954(WA) - Licences: XYAF Boulder (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Boulder, WA, 1916-1922); electrical engineer (Claremont, WA, 1925-1954)

===''SANDEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Otto Sandel|Sandel, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4J-54J] - 1905(Qld)-1999(NSW) - 2UW Sydney (Manly, 1923; Kensington, 1923-1924; Northbridge, 1924-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1926-1927); 2HH Sydney (Woollahra, 1936-1939, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 270, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder B class 2UW Sydney &amp; 2UX Wagga Wagga - don't confuse Charles Albert Sandell of AAE fame - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Woolahra, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1933; Edgecliff, 1936-1937; Bondi Junction, 1943-1954; Bondi Beach, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2UW-2HH - Otto Sandel&quot;

===''SANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandell|Sandell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Albert Sandell|Sandell, Charles Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S2H-3J5] - 1886(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: ??? Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 155, 1915 -  early wireless experimenter; participant in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition; WW1; coastal wireless operator (VIE Esperance, VID Darwin, 1916) - Comment: don't confuse Otto Sandel of 2UW fame - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Radio Station, Esperance, WA, 1916); radio mechanic (Esperance, WA, 1922-1936); motor engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937-1949); retired (Esperance, WA, 1954-1977)

===''SANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sander|Sander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Sander|Sander, John Henry &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K6WF-H23] - 1906(WA)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MS Geraldton (1935-1937); 6MS Perth (Cannington, 1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1435, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wheelwright (Geraldton, WA, 1930); electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); telephone mechanic (South Perth, WA, 1937; Cannington, WA, 1943-1954)

===''SANDERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanders|Sanders, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Sanders|Sanders, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTP-ZYW] - 1910(Eng)-2007(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2AJG Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 13, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Waverley, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''SANDERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanderson|Sanderson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas George Sanderson|Sanderson, Douglas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WZJ-2K3] - 1924(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD); historian (broadcast); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Torwood, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Ashgrove, Qld, 1958-1968); engineer (Chermside, Qld, 1972; Windsor, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SANDFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandford|Sandford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Murray Sandford|Sandford, Samuel Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJV-XXG] - 1908(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3WJ Kyneton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 938, 1926 (Spark, Valve); COCP2 15, 1929; COCP1 276, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1937); radio (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1954); grazier (&quot;Maryvale&quot;, Kyneton, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''SANDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandham|Sandham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Keith Sandham|Sandham, James Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''SANDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sands|Sands, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roy Sands|Sands, William Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDQ-W31] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6BS Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947); 5BL Adelaide (Plympton, 1948-1960; Fullarton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2276, 1939, WA; AIR3 377, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1943)

===''SANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandy|Sandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Lionel Montague Sandy|Sandy, James Lionel Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFGG-54G] - 1885(NSW)-1917(France) - Licences: XBB Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Australian Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/322425 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1213369 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SANKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ewart Sankey|Sankey, Reginald Ewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCLB-ZSM] - 1908(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3XP Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1934-1939; Kilsyth, 1947-1954; Bayswater, 1955-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1318, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: springmaker (Canterbury, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1936-1943); agriculturalist (Kilsyth, Vic, 1949-1954; Bayswater North, Vic, 1963); retired (Boronia, Vic, 1968-1980)
===''SANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanson|Sanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. E. Sanson|Sanson, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCM Warrnambool (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SARGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sargent|Sargent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William George Holland Sargent|Sargent, William George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XF-NF9] - 1916(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3SC Camperdown (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1879, 1937, Vic; BOCP 762, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Camperdown, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Camperdown, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SAUNDERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Lewis Saunders|Saunders, Alfred Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-FMS] - 1909(SA)-2003(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923-1924); 5BX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1925-1939, 1946-1955; Plympton, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 223, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

===''SAW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saw|Saw, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick William Saw|Saw, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S9-JN3] - 1884(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923-1926; Victoria Park, 1927); 6DA Albany (1930-1931); 6DA Perth (Wanneroo, 1933; North Perth, 1937-1939); 6DA Northam (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 174, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Armadale, 1909); electrician (Beverley, 1916-1917; Armadale, 1921-1925; Albany, 1928-1931; Balkatta, 1936; Leederville, 1937; Kalgoorlie, 1937-1943); mechanic (North Perth, 1949); retired (Triggs Island, 1954)

* [[/Malcolm Henry Saw|Saw, Malcolm Henry ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCY-H9M] - 1921(WA)-1997(WA) - 6SM Perth (Doubleview, 1960-1980+), amateur operator (AOCP 3674, 1958, No. ?? in WA), WW2, engineer (Doubleview, 1972)

===''SAWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawers|Sawers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Victor Sawers|Sawers, Thomas Victor &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB45-1B9] - 1917(Vic)-2014(Qld)96yo - Licences: 3OG Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1930); 3AOG Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969; Strathmore, 1975); 3AOG Barmah (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1921, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Essendon, Vic, 1942); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1949); aircraft inspector (Essendon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1963-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972); retired (Barmah, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SAWFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawford|Sawford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Francis Sawford|Sawford, Leonard Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7J-2XK] - 1908(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5DH Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); 5LF Adelaide (Peterhead, 1925-1928; West Croydon, 1931; Largs, 1937-1939); 5YF Adelaide (Glen Osmond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 173, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; agent (Largs, 1939) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Largs, SA, 1939-1941)

===''SAWYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawyer|Sawyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Edward Charles Sawyer|Sawyer, Wilfred Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTRM-271] - 1895(Vic)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 3KJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1924-1926; Hurstbridge, 1927); 4KJ Thursday Island (1948-1956); 4KJ Rockhampton (1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 131, 1915 (Telefunken); COCP2 151, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: radio (Malvern, Vic, 1919); biograph operator (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1921; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1922); postal employee (Kew, Vic, 1925-1926); telegraphist (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); retired (Rockhampton, Qld, 1963)

===''SAXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saxon|Saxon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Maurice Saxon|Saxon, Kenneth Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-4VZ] - 1922(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Henrietta (1939, 1954-1975); 7AI Yolla (1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2300, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Henrietta, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''SCANLON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scanlon|Scanlon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Scanlon|Scanlon, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCJ3-TFZ] - 1895(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ALH Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2ALH Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2241, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taree, NSW, 1930-1937; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/William Lawrence Scanlon|Scanlon, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKG-3XR] - 1901(Tas)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1921-1923); 7AL Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (Medhursts, Hobart to 1924, Launceston from 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SCARFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scarff|Scarff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Scarff|Scarff, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM62-8NC] - 1914(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1690, 1936, Vic; BOCP 79, 1937; COCP1 219, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Killed in vehicle accident - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); tester (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1954)

===''SCETRINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scetrine|Scetrine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Scetrine|Scetrine, Bert or Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-YNX] - 1915(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 3BI Ballarat (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 7BI Scottsdale (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2123, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Civil), services to community, 1976 - Electoral Rolls: radio electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1937); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''SCHAUMLOFFEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Johann Ludwig Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Johann Ludwig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-WNC] - 1918(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 2JM Broken Hill (1939, 1946-1947); 5LS Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1948; Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 174, 1938; AOCP 2309, 1939, NSW; COCP2 370, 1940; COCP1 429, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943)

===''SCHELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harley Irwin Schell|Schell, Harley Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-PV8] - 1907(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7AW Receive West Burnie (1922); Receive West Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kelso, 1936-1972)
===''SCHLEICHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schleicher|Schleicher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Schleicher|Schleicher, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D4-5RS] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4KS Brisbane (Toowong, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Alderley, 1948-1965; Aspley, 1969-1975; McDowall, 1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2144, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); radio employee (Tracksons, manager service); business proprietor (Blue &amp; White Cabs comms) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Alderley, Qld, 1949-1963); radio engineer (Aspley, Qld, 1968-1972; McDowall, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SCHMIDT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ronald Frederick Schmidt|Schmidt, Ronald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88P-1B9] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LY Trafalgar (1930); 3LY Moe (1931); 3LY Sale (1933-1939, 1946-1948); 3LY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 567, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 69, 1932; 1COCP 72, 1936; TVOCP 75, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sale, 1934-1937); radio technician (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Camberwell, 1954-1980)

===''SCHNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schnell|Schnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fred H. Schnell|Schnell, Fred H.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZH-QK1] - 1890(USA)-1957(USA) - Licences: W1MO - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; third permanent employee of ARRL; seconded to US Navy for the fleet visit to Australia in 1925; supervised the construction of a powerful shortwave set on the battleship Seattle &amp; worked the set during the cruise making numerous international contacts - Links: [[Fred_Schnell|Wikipedia]]; [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4180204 IRE Special Issue Radio Pioneers (5)MB)]

===''SCHNITZERLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Francis Joseph Schnitzerling|Schnitzerling, Leonard Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G885-W43] - 1907(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Warwick (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2099, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, 1928-1968)

===''SCHOFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schofield|Schofield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Schofield|Schofield, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-69N] - 1874(Eng)-1971(WA)97yo - Licences: 6WS Perth (Peppermint Grove, 1935-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1463, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1919); broker (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1922-1968)

===''SCHOLTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scholtz|Scholtz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy James Scholtz|Scholtz, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73F-ZL5] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SI Sydney (Bondi, 1935; Woollahra, 1936; Wentworthville, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1938; Strathfield, 1939; Willoughby, 1947; Strathfield, 1948-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 32, 1935; COCP1 1519, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waverley, NSW, 1933); electrical contractor (Wentworthville, NSW, 1933-1934); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1935-1936); police constable (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Strathfield, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); police officer (Coogee, NSW, 1968; Saratoga, NSW, 1977); retired (Gosford, NSW, 1980)

===''SCHOLZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hans Scholz|Scholz, Hans &quot;Harold&quot; / &quot;Harry&quot; / &quot;Tibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-CV3] - 19??(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1931); 4HR Nambour (1933); 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937); 4HR Gladstone (1937-1939); 4HR Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 784, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; South Brisbane RC; Brisbane DX Club); broadcast technician (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, 1937); mechanic (Dalby, 1943); not stated (Morningside, 1949-1968)

===''SCHULTZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Nelson Schultz|Schultz, Leonard Nelson &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJY-QBF] - 1906(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1922); 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1930); 2ANM Sydney (Mosman, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 171, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 45, 1931; 3AIR 176, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (co-designed 2GB, 1926; involved 2CA, 4BH, 2MW, 5DN); professional associations (IRE: foundation member, vice-president, president); aviator (Royal Aero Club NSW, committee) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting engineer (Mosman, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, 1949-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2LO-2ANM - Leonard Nelson Schultz&quot;

===''SCHULTZE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schultze|Schultze, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Edwin Ludwig Schultze|Schultze, John Edwin Ludwig or John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTB-9FL] - 1906(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Receive Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1923-1924); 3JS Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1925-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 163, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1937-1954); supervisor (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''SCOTLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotland|Scotland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Henry Scotland|Scotland, Leonard Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKT-6ZL] - 1909(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABV Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947-1948; Randwick, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); bus conductor (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); driver (Randwick, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''SCOTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotney|Scotney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Roy Scotney|Scotney, Hubert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCV-KP5] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Auburn, 1931-1933; Leichhardt, 1934-1937; Dulwich Hill, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 868, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salvation army officer (Bulimba, Qld, 1925; Armidale, NSW, 1930; Auburn, NSW, 1933; Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1943; Marrickville, NSW, 1949-1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1968; Connells Point, NSW, 1972; Belfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scott|Scott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil John Scott|Scott, Alfred Cecil John &quot;Cecil&quot;, &quot;Cec&quot;, &quot;Scottie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M12J-9YK] - 1888(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Launceston (1923); 7CS Launceston (1925-1931); 7CS Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1933; Sandy Bay, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 56, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well-known for comic QSL cards - Electoral Rolls: bench clerk (Nelson, 1936; Hobart South, 1943-1954)

* [[/A. P. Scott|Scott, A. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJEE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ernest Kilburn Scott|Scott, Ernest Kilburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBDW-TBR] - 1868(Eng)-1941(Eng) - Came to Sydney in 1905 to organise electrical engineering department of University of Sydney, likely early wireless experimenter, promoted need for wireless telegraphy for Australia, returned to England ca 1910 - [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Ernest_Kilburn_Scott Graces Guide - Ernest Kilburn Scott]

* [[/Francis Ladner Scott|Scott, Francis Ladner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHK-DTF] - 1899(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4BO Thursday Island (1933); 2UH Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1936; Naremburn, 1937-1938; La Perouse, 1939 - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 419, 1918; 2COCP 360, 1931; 1COCP 33, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator; military (UK Merchant Navy post WW1) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1925); radio telegraphist (Pinkenba, Qld, 1929; Thursday Island, Qld, 1931; Randwick, NSW, 1935; Waverton, NSW, 1943; Wyndham, WA, 1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

* [[/George Archibald Scott|Scott, George Archibald &quot;Scotty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G682-TGN] - 1882(Eng)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 607, 1921; 1COCP 181, 1931 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); PMGD (radio inspector, WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as radio inspector, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, 1913-1914; Hendra, 1915-1917); radio inspector (Fremantle, 1925-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84253651 Bio]

* [[/George Clement Scott|Scott, George Clement or Clement George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FB-6R6] - 1903(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2206, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: forestry employee (Mundaring, WA, 1931); labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1968); director (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Herbert Godfrey Scott|Scott, Herbert Godfrey &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-JFJ] - 1902(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4HS Toowoomba (1931-1937); 4HS Brisbane (Albion, 1938-1939; 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 750, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1925-1936; Albion, 1943-1968)

* [[/Jack Bartlett Scott|Scott, Jack Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-FLR] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NR Sydney (Epping, 1930-1934); 2AJX Sydney (Cheltenham, 1938-1939; Epping, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 685, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Epping, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Carlingford, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/J. L. Scott|Scott, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2QW Receive Sydney (CBD, 1923); 2YM Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Keith Victor Scott|Scott, Keith Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-QZH] - 1911(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3SS Maffra (1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3SS Melbourne (Noble Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1857, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railways (Northcote, Vic, 1931); railway employee (Maffra, Vic, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Maffra, Vic, 1949-1954); retailer (Noble Park, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Maffra, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Robert Ochiltree Scott|Scott, Robert Ochiltree]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-5SX] - 1898(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 2RS Gundagai (1929-1931); 2RS Balranald (1933); 3OS Scotsburn (1937-1939); 3OS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 476, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Ballarat, 1920-1924); farmer (Murrayville, 1925-1927; Gundagai, 1930); mechanic (South Yarra, 1943; Melbourne, 1949)

* [[/Robert Townley Scott|Scott, Robert Townley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7YC-MBK] - 1841(Eng)-1922(Qld) - senior state public servant (secretary, Qld Post &amp; Telegraph Dept), senior federal public servant (secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)

* [[/W. F. Scott|Scott, W. F.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane (West End) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 334, 1927, No. 37 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: likely father of H. S. Scott who was reported youngest ever to pass AOCP at age 16 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter Dawson Scott|Scott, Walter Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6S-G96] - 1909(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6WD Northam (1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2423, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: night station-master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1937); assistant stationmaster (Mullewa, WA, 1943); railway employee (Northam, WA, 1949); WAGR (Northam, WA, 1954); stationmaster (Station House, Bridgetown, WA, 1958); railway officer (Merredin, WA, 1963); stationmaster (Collie, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Gwlp, WA, 1977; Mnra, WA, 1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Scott|Scott, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76Z-11G] - 1904(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923); 5HS Clare (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1888, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clare, SA, 1939); telephone mechanic (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943)

===''SCRIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scriven|Scriven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Allenby Scriven|Scriven, James Allenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4H-CM6] - 1918(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5SN Adelaide (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2142, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SEBIRE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Dudley Sebire|Sebire, Leon Dudley &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-QX5] - 1932(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3CF Melbourne (Wandin North, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 1319, 1955; 1COCP 1786, 1955 - amateur operator; director Telstra Broadcasting Branch - Relationships: son of 3MX Percival John Sebire - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wandin Yallock, 1954); engineer (Mordialloc, 1963-1980)  - Awards: Member Order of Australia &quot;For service to communications, particularly broadcasting&quot; (1991)
* [[/Percival John Sebire|Sebire, Percival John &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFD-Z2R] - 1904(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3MX Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 692, 1930, Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 3CF Leon Dudley Sebire - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1926; Bentleigh, 1928-1936; Cheltenham, 1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1980)

===''SEBLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William John Sebley|Sebley, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-7VL] - 1894(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4WS Ipswich (1931-1939, 1946-1948); Southport (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 736, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Ipswich, 1915; North Ipswich, 1919-1949; Southport, 1954-1968);

===''SECCOMBE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Louis Mervyn Seccombe|Seccombe, Louis Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PW-XWM] - 1895(Tas)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3KT Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922-1923); 3KT Melbourne (East Kew, 1924; Ascot Vale, 1924-1925; Hawksburn, 1926; East Malvern, 1927); 2KT Sydney (Rockdale, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 396, 1940 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1919); commercial traveller (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1924); radio engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); wireless operator (Longreach, Qld, 1943); communications officer (Hurstville, 1949-1963); - Comment: Surname sometimes misspelled Secombe
===''SEELIGSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Edward Seeligson|Seeligson, Nathaniel Edward &quot;Nattie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-7RF] - 1907(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 6DF Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West Perth, WA, 1931); journalist (Carlton South, Vic, 1936-1937); teacher (Foster, Vic, 1943; St Kilda, Vic, 1949); journalist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic,  1954)

===''SELBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George William Selby|Selby, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCTW-BMT] - 1858(Vic)-1949(Vic) - early wireless and X-ray experimenter
* [[/Robert Henry Selby|Selby, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N8-MDP] - 1904(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6CW Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Government employee (Subiaco, WA, 1928); tester (Redcliffe, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Applecross, WA, 1972-1980)

===''SELF''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Edward Self|Self, Thomas Edward]] - 1854(???)-19??(???) - b. 7 Jan 1854, Early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, demonstration before Royal Society 1898, beware another Thomas Edward Self (b. 9 Oct 1853) in Hobart at the same time
===''SELFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Giles Turner Selfe|Selfe, Harry Giles Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K24M-5XB] - 1894(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 157, 1915; 1COCP 51, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2; RANVR (commissioned telegraphist, 1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Geraldton, WA, 1918; Broome, WA, 1922; Leichhardt, NSW, 1933; Darling Harbour, NSW, 1934-1937)
===''SELLENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellenger|Sellenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Charles Sellenger|Sellenger, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VT-5GJ] - 1902(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2DC Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 700, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hurstville, 1930-1963)

===''SELLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellick|Sellick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Ronald Sellick|Sellick, Claude Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G32V-NX6] - 1913(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5RQ Adelaide (Prospect, 1947-1956; Woodville South, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2179, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Hyde Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Edward Sellick|Sellick, Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''SELMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold George Selman|Selman, Harold George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRM4-3S8] - 1907(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Geelong (1925); 3GN Chilwell (1926); 3GN Geelong (1927); 3GN Melbourne (West Coburg, 1931); 3GN Geelong (1933); 3CM Geelong (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 164, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coburg, Vic, 1931); radio dealer (Geelong, 1936-1954); fitter (Newcomb, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''SEMMENS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Segbert Cornwall Semmens|Semmens, George Segbert Cornwall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G744-HQ5] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJCY Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914); V756 Receive (1922); 3GZ Receive Buln Buln East (1922); 3GS Laver's Hill (1925-1926); 3GS Queenstown (1927); 3GS Moreland (1931); 3GS Foxhow (1933); Melbourne (Essendon (1937-1939); Glen Iris (1946-1960); Clematis, 1965-1975); 3AEN Melbourne (Clematis, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 216, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Coburg, 1928; Preston, 1931; Essendon, 1936); res. chemist (Glen Iris, 1943-1963); technical adviser (Clematis, 1968-1977)

===''SERLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serle|Serle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Serle|Serle, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-SC8] - 1910(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939; Elwood, 1946-1947); 3ARX Melbourne (Windsor, 1948-1956; Caulfield, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 443, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1934; Kew, Vic, 1936; Toorak, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942; Prahran, Vic, 1949; Caulfield South, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''SERPELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serpell|Serpell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Serpell|Serpell, Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CR-S4F] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3UV Melbourne (Canterbury, 1947; Camberwell, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2306, 1939, Vic; BOCP 189, 1938; COCP2 514, 1941; TVOCP 76, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968); technician (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SETFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Setford|Setford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Richard Setford|Setford, Howard Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-YN6] - 1911(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 836, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1934-1937); journalist (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); laminex specialist (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963); representative (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''SEWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sewell|Sewell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Kenneth Sewell|Sewell, Ian Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB51-5V1] - 1918(Eng)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3IK Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2154, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Sewell|Sewell, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4K-NDN] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CD Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931); manager (Leederville, WA, 1936-1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1954; Applecross, WA, 1963-1977); technical adviser (Applecross, WA, 1980)

* [[/Percy Lambert Holt Sewell|Sewell, Percy Lambert Holt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDM1-YB1] - 1900(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Receive Sydney (Paddington, 1922); 2CJ Sydney (Paddington, 1922-1925; Darlinghurst, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fire Station, Mittagong, 1930-1935; Mittagong, 1936-1937; Kempsey, 1943); installation inspector (Queanbeyan, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2CJ - Percy Lambert Holt Sewell&quot;

===''SEYLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Jakob Seyler|Seyler, Albert Jakob or Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-F5N] - 1913(Ger)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Luftwaffe); radar engineer; television researcher; PMGD Research Laboratories (Assistant Director General) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mt Waverley, 1963; Burwood, 1968); PMG (Croydon, 1972); assistant director (Emerald, 1977) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/seyler-albert-jakob-11660 ADB]

===''SHANNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shannon|Shannon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Henry Shannon|Shannon, Francis Henry &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT44-ZTB] - 1910(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4SN Allora (1938-1939); 4SN Tamborine (1946-1947); 4SN Minden (1948-1956); 4SN Ipswich (East Ipswich, 1960-1969; Ipswich CBD, 1975); 4SN Toowoomba (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2145, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC; WIA; Qld Listeners' League); journalist (AR, VK4 Notes) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Goomburra, Qld, 1936-1937; Meringandan, Qld, 1943); teacher (Minden, Qld, 1949-1954; East Ipswich, Qld, 1958-1968; Ipswich, Qld, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Hugh Martindale Shannon|Shannon, Hugh Martindale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FB-4K6] - 1898(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: XJDD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Air Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1977; Hampton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Vincent Joseph Shannon|Shannon, Vincent Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-PS4] - 1904(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1719, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Caboolture, Qld, 1925); postal clerk (Mitchell, Qld, 1928; Roma, Qld, 1930-1936; Bowen, Qld, 1937-1963); radio technician (Woody Point, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''SHARLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Bernard Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBX7-29B] - 1902(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 696, 1922 (Marconi); COCP1 20, 1930 - radio telegraphist, WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); Radio Technician (Killara, NSW, 1933; Warringah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Killara, NSW, 1954); engineer (Killara, NSW, 1958-1972)
* [[/Arthur Henry Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Henry &quot;Chilla&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-ZKS] - 1909(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4SD Brisbane (Boondall, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Ekibin, 1954); 4SD Cloncurry (1955); 4SD Brisbane (Wynnum North, 1956); 4SD Rockhampton (1960); 4SD Yeppoon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1807, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless operator); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Boondall, Qld, 1937-1943); Commonwealth officer (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954); communications officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1963; Yeppoon, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (Causeway via Yeppoon, Qld, 1980)

===''SHARP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Charles Sharp|Sharp, John James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-TZV] - 1897(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3KA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 591, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Prahran Gardens, 1919-1924; Caulfield, 1928-1972)

===''SHARPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Victor Sharpe|Sharpe, Frank Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMD2-GVZ] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4AZ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1924-1929; Ashgrove, 1930-1937; Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 4ZFS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1975); 4FV Brisbane (Clayfield, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 20, 1924, No. 4 in Qld; AOCP Q112, 1975 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (RSQ, WIAQ); military (AMF) - Awards: C.M.G.; O.B.E. - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Wooloowin, 1925-1929); director (Ashgrove, 1934-1937); soldier (Ashgrove, 1943); machinist (likely typo for merchant) (Clayfield, 1949); merchant (Clayfield, 1954-1980)

===''SHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald John Shaw|Shaw, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-ZDZ] - 1872(NSW)-1916(Vic) - XPO King Island (1911); X?? Sydney (Randwick), early wireless experimenter, proprietor Maritime Wireless Telegraph Co of Australasia (1910+) with Edward Hope Kirkby, technical specialist - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/shaw-archibald-john-8404 ADB] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199003.pdf EA]
* [[/J. G. Shaw|Shaw, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Chelmer, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw|Shaw, Raymond Herbert Preston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3J-J31] - 1901(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2LY Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922-1923); 2LY Sydney (Woolahra, 1924-1929; South Kensington, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 664, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kensington, 1930-1931; Vaucluse, 1932-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2LY - Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw&quot;
* [[/Sidney Alexander Shaw|Shaw, Sidney Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFJY-4NH] - 1882(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6AI Perth (East Guildford, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant station master (Woolgangee, WA, 1916-1917); railway officer (East Guildford, WA, 1925-1926); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1930-1931); station master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1943); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1972)

===''SHAWSMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Alan &quot;Smithy&quot; or Alan Shaw Smith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37T-B3Y] - 1917(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4SA Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1935-1939); 4SS Brisbane (West End, -1952-2010) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1582, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; historian (amateur); journalist; broadcast engineer (ABC2); public servant (ABC2) - Relationships: Father of 4JSS Steven Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Salisbury, Qld, 1943); radio mechanic (West End, Qld, 1949); builder (West End, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Steven Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Steven &quot;Steve&quot;]] - Licences: 4JSS Brisbane - Qualifications:  (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4SA-4SS Alan Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls:

===''SHEARER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Anderson Shearer|Shearer, Gordon Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5G-JW4] - 1907(Qld)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 4FU Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923-1924); 4GA Gayndah (1930); 4GA Mt Nebo (1931-1934); 4GA Cloncurry (Quamby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 447, 1928, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 95, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (school teacher); state public servant (Qld Dept Education); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Quamby, Qld, 1937; Westbrook, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1949); communications officer (Cloncurry, 1954); supervisor (Surrey Hills, 1963-1968); retired (Vermont, 1972-1980)
===''SHEARSTONE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vincent Leonard Shearstone|Shearstone, Vincent Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G895-CYJ] - 1916(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: BOCP 4, 1936 - WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Albury, 1937); radio announcer (Goulburn, 1943); radio electrician (Goulburn, 1949-1980)
===''SHELDRICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Cornwell Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Eric Cornwell &quot;Shel&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-X2X] - 1903(Eng)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7BH Receive Launceston (1923); 7BH Launceston (1924-1926); 7BT Launceston (1927); 7BM Launceston (1931-1939); 7DM Burnie (1948-1954); 7DN Stowport (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 60, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Launceston, 1928-1943)

===''SHELLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shelley|Shelley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Hamilton Shelley|Shelley, George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-2H4] - 1909(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2QF Sydney (Crows Nest, 1935-1937; Newport Beach, 1938-1939; Waverton, 1946-1948; Newport, 1950-1975); 2ABK Sydney (Newport Beach, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1469, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Newport Beach, NSW, 1936-1954); radio technician (Newport, NSW, 1958-1968; Newport Beach, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Max Robert Shelley|Shelley, Max Robert or Robert Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPR-K4X] - 1895(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XDG Sydney (Henley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 4th Battalion, Lieutenant, 1915-1917; Aust Flying Corps, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: decorator (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''SHELLSHEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shellshear|Shellshear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Guy Shellshear|Shellshear, Walter Guy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DZ-F7R] - 1887(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: XIN Walla (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cardiff, NSW, 1930-1932; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1969)

===''SHENFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shenfield|Shenfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Kennerley Shenfield|Shenfield, Clarence Kennerley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYG-GS1] - 1907(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Cobden (1933-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1206, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1968); casual worker (Cobden, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Cobden, Vic, 1980)

===''SHENTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Hilton Shenton|Shenton, Maurice Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67C-Q1B] - 1903(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Receive Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: irrigation ganger (Bald Hills, 1925); assistant stream gauger (North Ipswich, 1928); public servant (Annerley, 1937)
===''SHEPARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arundel Elmore Shepard|Shepard, Arundel Elmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8HX] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5DC Adelaide (Norwood, 1928-1930; Kent Town, 1931-1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Toorak East, 1946-1965; Heathpool, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 393, 1928, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 136, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPHERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shepherd|Shepherd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. A. Shepherd|Shepherd, H. A.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQD Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPPARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheppard|Sheppard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Horace Sheppard|Sheppard, William Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNTF-2R5] - 1911(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1933; Burwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 744, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: woolbuyer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); buyer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); woolbuyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''SHERIDAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheridan|Sheridan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Vincent Sheridan|Sheridan, Kevin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GT-CK3] - 1918(Qld)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2296, 1939, Qld; BOCP 344, 1940; COCP1 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, for Public Service to Science particularly in the Field of Radiophysics - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sandgate, Qld, 1941; Shorncliff, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1958); physicist (Rose Bay, NSW, 1963-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SHERLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherlock|Sherlock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Henry Sherlock|Sherlock, Keith Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-8S8] - 1916(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2TQ Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1937; Ermington, 1938-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946-1948); 2TQ Londonderry (!950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1655, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ermington, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Londonderry, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Ermington, NSW, 1958); instructor (Carlingford, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1968); technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977); retired (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1980)

===''SHERRIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherriff|Sherriff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest George Sherriff|Sherriff, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K877-WTX] - 1904(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4SU Brisbane (Fairfield, 1935-1937; Hawthorne, 1938-1939; Brisbane City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1464, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brisbane South, Qld, 1928); instructor of printing (Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''SHIEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 997, 1932, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shield|Shield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Wyndham Shield|Shield, John Wyndham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-L3G] - 1919(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6SX Perth (Nedlands, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2265, 1939, WA; COCP2 494, 1941; COCP1 550, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (University Hostel, Nedlands, WA, 1949); lecturer (Nedlands, WA, 1958-1980)

===''SHIELDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shields|Shields, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Edward Shields|Shields, Arthur James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCT-D5G] - 1894(Eng)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3GP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1939; North Balwyn, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 690, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (East Melbourne, 1925-1927; Malvern East, 1928; Camberwell, 1931-1933); auditor (Malvern East, 1934-1936); retired (Ringwood, 1943)

===''SHIPLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shipley|Shipley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Shipley|Shipley, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVG-LQF] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2WR Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1936; Vaucluse, 1937; Potts Point, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1947; Bondi Junction, 1948; Epping, 1950-1980+); 2QW Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 937, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Bondi, NSW, 1933); projectionist (Five Dock, NSW, 1934); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1935; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); radio &amp; electrical engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949-1968); radio electrician (Epping, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SHOEMAKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G828-7LL] - 1879(USA)-1932(USA) - American inventor and pioneer radio engineer, developer of Shoemaker wireless system, associated with Gehring companies, International Telegraph Construction Co (represented in Australia by John William Ormsby Hamilton, who promoted the Shoemaker system here), United Wireless Telegraph Co, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co of America, Mallory companies - Links: [[w:Harry Shoemaker|Wikipedia]]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0026.pdf PIRE1]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0027.pdf PIRE2]

===''SHOESMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoesmith|Shoesmith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Walter Shoesmith|Shoesmith, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9W-XM4] - 1923(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALY Sydney (Eastwood, 1939; Manly, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2273, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Manly, NSW, 1949); farmer (Upper Coopers Creek, NSW, 1954; Tascott, NSW, 1958-1963); surveyor (Corinda, Qld, 1969-1980)

===''SHORING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Samuel Shoring|Shoring, Thomas Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-NDG] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4SR Bundaberg (1937-1939; 4SR Brisbane (New Farm, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1872, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936-1937); salesman (Bundaberg, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (New Farm, Qld, 1954; Holland Park, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''SHORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Short|Short, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Alban Short|Short, Alfred Alban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTS-9QQ] - 1904(NSW)-1946(NT) - Licences: 2SH Newcastle (Lambton, 1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 280, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Lambton, 1930-1943)

* [[/Ormond Short|Short, Ormond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VHH-SGM] - 1901(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1928; Horsham, 1931-1972); engineer (Horsham, 1977)

* [[/Walter Short|Short, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AJ Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922); 2AJ Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924; Kirribilli, 1924; Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Note: several contemporaneous WSs, insufficient data to identify

* [[/William Newton Short|Short, William Newton &quot;Newt&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97J-HMM] - 1897(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ARA Sydney (Auburn, 1948-1954; Beacon Hill, 1955-1958; Auburn, 1960-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965); 2AOW Sydney (Auburn, 1957-1958) - Qualifications: AOCP 2829, 1948, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Ulmarra, 1930-1934); shopkeeper (Coraki, 1935-1936); munition worker (Mayfield, 1943); machinist (Auburn, 1949-1958); inspector (Beacon Hill, 1963)

===''SHORTELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Charles Shortell|Shortell, Raymond Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMQ-4HQ] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 3VB Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3RS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1933); 3RS Shepparton (1937-1939); 3ARF Geelong West (1948-1954); 3ARF Melbourne (Croydon, 1955-1960; Hawthorn, 1965-1975); 4ARS Gold Coast (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 77, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 171, 1934; TVOCP 332, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1925-1934); radio engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1942); manufacturer (Geelong North, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Croydon, Vic, 1954); TV technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972); retired (Chevron Island, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SHORTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eddy Wilbee Shorten|Shorten, Eddy Wilbee or Welbee or Wiebec &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWN4-MZM] - 1899(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4TS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 908, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor) - Comment: Middle name variable; Birth Welbee; Marriage Wiebec; Death Wilbe; AOCP Wilbee - Electoral Rolls:
===''SHORTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4HF Camooweal (1933-1939); 5SR Tennant Creek (1947-1948); 5SR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1954; New Hindmarsh, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1193, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHUTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shute|Shute, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Elliott Stewart Shute|Shute, Robert Elliott Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF5T-CJ5] - 1899(NSW)-1922(NSW) - Licences: XCE Sydney (Strathfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Field Artillery Reinforcements)  - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; (passed from rugby injury age 23yo

===''SIBLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sibly|Sibly, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5R-MH6] - 1897(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XYX Perth (North Perth, 1913-1914); 6AF Receive Perth (City, 1923); 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1923-1924; Inglewood, 1924); 2SB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 32, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) (recorded Sibley) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly; brother of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (North Perth, 1919-1922); manager (Albion, Qld, 1936; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); retired (Rose Bay, 1963-1972)

* [[/Clifton Archibald Sibly|Sibly, Clifton Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K41R-3JQ] - 1894(SA)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 225, 1915 - likely early wireless experimenter with brother Arthur's licence - Relationships: brother of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; uncle of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly - Electoral Rolls: farrier (North Perth, 1915-1937)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKF-F7R] - 1926(NSW)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 2ASY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1954; Kingsgrove, 1957-1965); 3AUV Melbourne (Eltham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 945, 1945; BOCP 1049, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; nephew of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Kingsgrove, 1958-1963); clerk (Eltham, Vic, 1968-1977; Queanbeyan, 1980)

===''SIDEBOTTOM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Geoffrey Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-KGH] - 1902(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: 7BB Receive Launceston (1922); Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of 7SK Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1928-1954) 
* [[/Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Maxwell Douglas Langford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-5QY] - 1922(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7SK Hobart (Newtown, 1948); 7SK Howrah (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2830, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Relationships: son of 7BB Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: sound engineer (New Town, 1949); mechanic (Bateau Bay, NSW, 1980)
===''SIDEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Longfield Sidey|Sidey, Robert Longfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-3P6] - 1874(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2CB James Douglas Kay Sidey - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Lindfield, 1930-1949)

* [[/James Douglas Kay Sidey|Sidey, James Douglas Kay or Douglas James Kay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-35P] - 1904(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Receive Sydney (Lindfield, 1922-1923); 2CB Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925); 2CB Boorowa (1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2ZY Robert Longfield Sidey - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Bethungra, 1943-1949); no occupation (Junee, 1954)

===''SIEVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest William Sievers|Sievers, Ernest William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNJD-8MJ] - 1901(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1165, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 9, 1934; 1COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Kelvin Grove, 1925); night officer (Oakey, 1930); railway night officer (Narangba, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Ascot, 1943; Clayfield, 1949-1958)
* [[/William Frederick Sievers|Sievers, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-NDS] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CB Receive Melbourne (East Richmond, 1922-1923); 3CB Melbourne (East Richmond &amp; South Yarra, 1924-1939, 1946-1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 165, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Richmond, 1931-1943); reader (South Yarra, 1949-1963); meter reader (Toorak, 1972-1980)

===''SIGAL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sigal|Sigal, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Louis Sigal|Sigal, Harold Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4R-XFJ] - 1908(SA)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Woollahra, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 253, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Militia, Signals, 1934-1937) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1931); electrician (Auburn North, NSW, 1933; Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943; Woolowin, Qld, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954; Kensington, NSW, 1958); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1963); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1968); retired (Vaulcuse, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SIGMONT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Sigmont|Sigmont, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD58-221] - 1883(NSW)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Auburn, Vic, 1917; Elsternwick, 1924-1937; Seaford, 1942);

===''SILBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Clive Silby|Silby, Arthur Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8B6-PSD] - 1894(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 (Australian Wireless Squadron) [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911865/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-embarkation-roll/] - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Exeter, 1939-1943)

===''SILVER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Leslie Silver|Silver, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94HC-LTV] - 1904(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4FL Brisbane (Morningside, 1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2086, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Morningside, Qld, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMONDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur George Simmonds|Simmonds, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DL-234] - 1906(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2GS Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1934); 2GS Murwillumbah (1935-1939); 4PG Bundaberg (1946-1948); 2APJ Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1955; Caringbah, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 590, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 207, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Arncliffe, 1933); gardner (Arncliffe, 1935); radio engineer (Murwillumbah, 1935-1937); technician (4BU Kalkie, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ernest John Simmonds|Simmonds, Ernest John]] - 19??(Eng)-19??(Eng) - G2OD Gerrard's Cross, Buckinghamshire, England, amateur operator, first to two way QSO Australia (Nov 1924, 3BQ)

===''SIMMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simmons|Simmons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Fisher Simmons|Simmons, Alexander Fisher]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HL-5MY] - 1906(WA)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3TQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1956; South Yarra, 1960; Bayswater, 1965-1969; Boronia, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2394, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Bayswater, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Trethowan Simmons|Simmons, Henry Trethowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4M3-BP4] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6KX Perth (Subiaco, 1925-1928; Mt Lawley, 1931-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; West Perth, 1954-1955; Mt Pleasant, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 181, 1925, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1121, 1928; 2COCP 295, 1930; 1COCP 257, 1932 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maylands, 1931), radio engineer (Nedlands, 1936; West Perth, 1949), engineer (Fremantle, 1958; Mt Pleasant, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Simmons|Simmons, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBM-SKH] - 1907(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3LJ Melbourne (Belgrave, 1926-1931; East Prahran, 1933); 3LJ Rheola (1937-1939); 3LV Trafalgar (1948); 3LV Cheltenham (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 304, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Womerah, Yarram Yarram, Vic, 1928; Toolangi, Yea, Vic, 1931; Armadale, Vic, 1934-1936; Rheola, Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937; Nanneela West, Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Cheltenham, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simms|Simms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Wilkinson Simms|Simms, Eric Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XZ-9RN] - 1906(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1931; Caulfield, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 360, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Malvern, Vic, 1931); buyer (Caulfield, Vic, 1934; Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simpson|Simpson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Rae Simpson|Simpson, Allan Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCWN-35S] - 1912(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ASO Kyogle (1950-1954); 2ASO Sydney (Cammeray, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3011, 1949, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Wauchope, NSW, 1936; Dungog, NSW, 1937); postal clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1943; Kyogle, NSW, 1949-1954); monitor (Cammeray, NSW, 1958-1963); radio monitor (North Sydney, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Arthur Wellesley Simpson|Simpson, Arthur Wellesley]] - 1899(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2ZJ Duri (1923-1926); 2ZJ Sydney (Five Dock, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 480, 1919 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1930-1936); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1937-1968)

* [[/Benjamin Simpson|Simpson, Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHH-BTH] - 1911(Sct)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: 3SM Melbourne (Richmond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Richmond, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1673948 AWM Roll of Honour]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=517 HMAS Sydney Virtual Memorial]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/rollcontent/517/517a.pdf Lorraine Simpson summary] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Charles William Arthur Simpson|Simpson, Charles William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMD-3Q3] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3IN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2022, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); technician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Edward Morris Simpson|Simpson, Edward Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJYV-NFF] - 1915(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ES Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1947; North Sydney, 1948-1961; Wahroonga, 1965; West Killara, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 772, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1943; North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1958); shipping officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1963; Killara, NSW, 1968); shipping (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Blythe Simpson|Simpson, Harry Blythe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-CZ3] - 1920(???)-2013(WA) - Licences: 6HS Perth (Leederville, 1937-1939; Mt Lawley, 1947-1948; Nedlands, 1954-1969; Lesmurdie, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2060, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Claremont, WA, 1949-1968); marketing manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1972); manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Simpson|Simpson, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8H-8N4] - 1873(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XACF Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Newtown, NSW, 1903; Randwick, NSW, 1913); grocer (Newington, NSW, 1930-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Robert Simpson|Simpson, Leslie Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-4VD] - 1901(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Ararat (1925-1933); 3SA Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 44, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922; Ararat, Vic, 1924-1943); mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Allen Simpson|Simpson, Robert Allen &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-FWT] - 1912(SA)-1996(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2314, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leigh Simpson|Simpson, Thomas Leigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBBW-8Q3] - 1895(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3II Dunkeld (1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2217, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Aust Flying Corps, 1915-1917; RAF, 1918); (WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer at WW1 enlistment (1915); grazier (Dunkeld, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''SIMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Sims|Sims, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MK-NXC] - 1907(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 344, 1927, No. 38 in Qld; 2COCP 16, 1934 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (RAAF Point Cook, 1931-1934); QANTAS air pilot (Brisbane, 1936-1937); public servant (Box Hill, 1963) - Comment: several contemporaneous Eric Charles Sims, need to sort electoral rolls

* [[/Ernest Leslie Arthur Sims|Sims, Ernest Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ6H-6PF] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (Preston, 1930-1933); 3ZA Apollo Bay (1937-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 622, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Preston, Vic, 1931; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1933-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SINCLAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinclair|Sinclair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bertram Sydney Charles Sinclair|Sinclair, Bertram Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M8W6-R4J] - 1906(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CY Receive Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1928; Buckland Hill, WA, 1931-1954; Kendenup, WA, 1958; Mt Barker, WA, 1963)

* [[/Laurence Ernest Sinclair|Sinclair, Laurence Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PJ-G15] - 1913(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1975; Gorokan, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1566, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Canterbury, NSW, 1935-1949); telegraphist (Homebush, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Gorokan, NSW, 1980)

===''SINFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinfield|Sinfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Albert Sinfield|Sinfield, Andrew Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9W-W9R] - 1913(NSW)-1962(SA) - Licences: 2TZ Cootamundra (1933); 2TZ Wagga Wagga (1933-1936); 2AKT Sydney (Concord, 1939; Croydon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1088, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1311, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ganmain, NSW, 1935; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935); soldier (Croydon, NSW, 1943); technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''SINGLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Claude Paul Singleton|Singleton, Claude Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4JR-4SV] - 1914(WA)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4UX Theodore (1936-1939); 4UX Bundaberg (1946-1947); 4UX Stanthorpe (1948); 4UX Atherton (1954-1955); 4UX Malanda (1956); 4UX Ayr (1960); 4UX Childers (1965); 4UX St George (1969); 4UX Gracemere (1975); 4UX Dalby (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1638, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4QW, 4QO, 4QW, 4RK, 4QS); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Theodore, Qld, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Yungaburra, Qld, 1954); public servant (Gracemere, Qld, 1972)

===''SIRL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sirl|Sirl, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence William Charles Sirl|Sirl, Clarence William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89J-9LJ] - 1913(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6XG Katanning (1938-1939; 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 3, 1936; AOCP 2132, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Katanning, 1937-1968)

===''SKENE-SMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Skene-Smith|Skene-Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Skene-Smith, Alexander Bond - See Alexander Bond Skene Smith

===''SLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Irwin Slade|Slade, Charles Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDN1-G28] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3PZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2172, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1954); medical practitioner (St Kilda, 1967-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)
* [[/Charles William Slade|Slade, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3R-28W] - 1893(Eng)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2SX Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1925 (as H. C. Slade); 1925-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; English PMG Certificate 1st class - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN, 1909-1924); Wireless Weekly (technical editor, 1925-1928); Daily Telegraph (radio &amp; technical editor, 1928-1929); Keogh Radio (engineer, 1929-1930); Croydon Radio (proprietor, 1930-1933+) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer, R.A.N. (Croydon, 1943-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2SX - Charles William Slade&quot;

===''SLATER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. F. Slater|Slater, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Sheffield (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Harold Ivan Slater|Slater, Harold Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDT3-7JP] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Kelso (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: pastoralist (Kelso, Tas, 1919); labourer (Maypole Hotel, New Town, Tas); no occupation (Middle Park, Vic, 1926); airman (Point Cook, Vic, 1927; Middle Park, 1931); traveller (Elsternwick, 1936-1968)
===''SLATTERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slattery|Slattery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Patrick Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-KHF] - 1866(Irl)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St John's College, Camperdown; St Vincent's, Ashfield, 1930) - Links: [[w:Joseph Patrick Slattery|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/slattery-joseph-patrick-8453 ADB]

* [[/Joseph Samuel Francis Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Samuel Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVN-SSF] - 1894(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 50, 1915; CPRT 167, 1915; 2COCP 324, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1916; Esperance, WA, 1916; RAN radio station, Geraldton, 1917); travelling salesman (Stanthorpe, 1928-1930); traveller (Tamworth, 1932-1933; Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1935); commercial traveller (New Farm, 1936; Hamilton, Qld, 1937; Fairfield, Qld, 1949; West Sydney, 1949-1954); radio officer (Mascot, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''SLAWSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slawson|Slawson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Thomas Slawson|Slawson, George Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW2-T4D] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFN Sydney (Harbord, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; Croydon, 1960-1961; Homebush, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1835, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father also GTS - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1943-1958); public servant (Croydon, NSW, 1963; Strathfield West, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SLIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slight|Slight, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Alexander Burrough Slight|Slight, Arthur Alexander Burrough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBLQ-X4J] - 1902(Eng)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2DA Receive Sydney (Parramatta, 1922); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Parramatta, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Windsor, 1931-1938; Richmond, 1939, 1946-1950); 3AZA Ballarat (1954); 2ZA Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); MBE 1941; OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Richmond, NSW, 1949); RAAF Officer (RAAF Ballarat Camp, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qnum=1747&amp;qname=SLIGHT RAF MBE]

===''SLUTZKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Eliot Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert Eliot &quot;Bob&quot; or &quot;Bobbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGSK-21C] - 1917(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1956; Balaclava, 1960-1975; East St Kilda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2159, 1938, Vic; COCP1 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Balaclava, Vic, 1949); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1954-1963; Balaclava, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''SMALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Small|Small, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Small|Small, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBR-5P7] - 1907(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2QS Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1231, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Thomas Augustus Small|Small, Thomas Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2YV-RNM] - 1901(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2WS Murwillumbah (1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1222, 1933, NSW; BOCP 235, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); commercial traveller (Bellingen, NSW, 1930); salesman (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943); furniture retailer (Eastwood, NSW, 1949); grazier (Lower Quipolly, NSW, 1958-1963); representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1972)

===''SMART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smart|Smart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Smart|Smart, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHD-TNH] - 1891(NZ)-1980(NZ) - Licences: 4SM Barcaldine (1936-1937); 4SM Paterson (1938-1939); 4SM Longreach (1946-1948); 4SM Cairns (Cairns City, 1954-1956; Freshwater, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1625, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boiler attendant (Dunevia Station, Blackhall, Qld, 1913); motor engineer (Aramac, Qld, 1916-1925; Barcaldine, 1928-1937); freeholder (Longreach, Qld, 1943); mechanic (Longreach, Qld, 1949); farmer (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (Freshwater, Qld, 1963-1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977)

===''SMELLIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ellis Henry Smellie|Smellie, Ellis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-FDM] - 1893(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 218, 1930; 1COCP 240, 1931 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Applecross, 1925; Geraldton, 1931; Broome, 1936); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); radio officer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954; Blackburn, 1963-1980)

===''SMIBERT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, George]] - 1840(Sct)-1899(Vic) - clubs (founding member Telegraph Electrical Society Vic), employment (Postal Department Vic, chief electrician), brother of James Smibert Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, James]] - 1836(Sct)-1912(Vic) - employment (Postal Department Vic, Deputy Postmaster-General, appointed following early passing of Samuel Walker McGowan), created a nepotism scandal by early promotion of brother and brother-in-law to the most senior positions in Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs in the early 1890s, likely reason for the positioning of Qld appointees at the top of the Federal PMGD in 1901; the brother of George Smibert Chief Electrician, Postal Dept Vic

===''SMITH (A-L)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Smith, Alan Shaw - See Alan Shawsmith (change of name)

* [[/A. C. Smith|Smith, A. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJDO Matlock (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Specific individual not identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Alexander Bond Skene Smith|Smith, Alexander Bond Skene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRDG-J7D] - 1893(Eng)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1930-1933); 2SS Sydney (Narrabeen, 1948); 2SS Lawson (1950-1956); 2SS Blackheath (1957-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 294, 1930; COCP1 196, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous Alexander Smiths - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lennex Lonsdale Smith|Smith, Arthur Lennex Lonsdale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QQY-B84] - 1908(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1936-1939; Fairfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1702, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Fairfield, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Arthur Carrington Smith|Smith, Arthur Carrington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKV-VL2] - 1902(Tas)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Receive Launceston (1923); 7AB Launceston (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 8, 1924, No. ?? in Tas; CPRT 930, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (operator 7BN Wills &amp; Co wannabe Class B); recording engineer (Cinesound Productions Ltd, Bondi, 1932); inventor of sound-on-film systems - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Launceston, 1928); recording engineer (Bronte, 1931-1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); recording engineer (Clovelly, 1943-1949; Waverley, 1963-1968); engineer (Waverley, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;7BN-7AB - Arthur Carrington Smith&quot;

* [[/Austen Cyril Smith|Smith, Austen Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6N-JKF] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2FS Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1925; Burwood, 1925; Maroubra, 1930-1933; Homebush, 1933; Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 75, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio agent - Electoral Rolls: radio agent (Burwood, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Burwood, 1958-1963); retired (Lower Hawkesbury, 1972-1980)

* [[/A. J. Smith|Smith, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Harris Park, 1927-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/C. Smith|Smith, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BA Receive Stanley (1922); Receive Stanley (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Cedric Preston Smith|Smith, Cedric Preston or Preston-Smith, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BB-X47] - 1907(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Cremorne, 1924-1925); 2QK Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Balgowlah, 1937; Lane Cove, 1938-1939); 3QG Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948); 3QG Ballarat (1954-1956); 2CD Sydney (Cremorne, 1958-1961; Palm Beach, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1212, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bank accountant (Binnaway, NSW, 1930); bank officer (Manly, NSW, 1932; Balgowlah, NSW, 1934-1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949); bank manager (Ballarat, Vic, 1954; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Palm Beach, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZZ-2QK-2CD - Cedric Preston Smith&quot;

* [[/Charles Frederick Smith|Smith, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3J-B3F] - 1904(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: No licence yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 418, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1112, 1928; 2COCP 44, 1929 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: Several contemporaneous Charles Frederick Smith's, not yet identified

* [[/Claude Sargent Smith|Smith, Claude Sargent or Sarjent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLW-9HG] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2AHK Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939); 2ANZ Sydney (Pymble, 1969); 2ANZ Grafton (1975); 2ANZ Sydney (West Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1962, 1937, NSW; COCP2 157, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: wood machinist (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949); clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1958; Pymble, NSW, 1963-1968; Grafton, NSW, 1972; Pymble, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Colin Hughes Smith|Smith, Colin Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YH-LLB] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PK Melbourne (East Kew, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 433, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 90, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/George Edwin Smith|Smith, George Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJ3-BVR] - 1916(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3YG Melbourne (Brighton, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1960; Blackburn South, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1792, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); observer (Brighton, Vic, 1954); public servant (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Blackburn South, Vic, 1967); retired (Lilydale, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Leonard Frederick Smith|Smith, George Leonard Frederick or Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZR-5Q7] - 1913(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3FR Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939; St Kilda, 1947-1948; Montmorency, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1768, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1942); sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (Montmorency, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Herbert Henry Baker Smith|Smith, Herbert Henry Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFN-H6R] - 19??(???)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4DP Receive Cairns (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cairns, Qld, 1925-1930)

* [[/J. H. Smith|Smith, J. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EA Receive Beenleigh (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Albert Malcolm Smith|Smith, John Albert Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L264-537] - 1911(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5JR Adelaide (St Peters, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1375, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Smith|Smith, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMGD-VTK] - 1914(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AEJ Baradine (1936-1939, 1947-1950); 2AEJ Sydney (Waverley, 1954-1955; Lakemba, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1760, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JWSs - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Keith Howard Smith|Smith, Keith Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCN-ZH8] - 1915(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1939, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2396, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: Public Service Medal, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: university student (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1941; Clayfield, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Leslie Smith|Smith, Leslie]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DD Sydney (Concord, 1931; Homebush, 1931; Concord, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 726, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly Leslie Smith killed in truck accident 1936; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITH (M-Z)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Jeffrey Smith|Smith, Noel Jeffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PM-2B8] - 1919(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1495, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Canowindra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/P. W. Smith|Smith, P. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EF Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Raymond Sydney Smith|Smith, Raymond Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L176-XYF] - 1914(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Kew, 1937-1938); 2AJQ Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1938; Sans Souci, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2006, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RSSs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937); RAN (Toorak, Vic, 1943); process worker (Homebush, NSW, 1958); driver (Granville, NSW, 1963); labourer (Granville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Reginald George Smith| Smith, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6T-TLM] - 1888(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ACR Sydney (Turramurra, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2054, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster – Comment: Several contemporaneous RGSs - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Turramurra, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Richard John Smith|Smith, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-14B] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIU Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939, 1946-1969); 2AIU Tweed Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2026, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1333, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1933-1963); radio technician? (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Cecil Smith|Smith, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G134-ZFJ] - 1916(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YQ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2117, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1073, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943-1949; Blackburn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Rowland Anthony Godfrey Smith|Smith or Godfrey-Smith, Rowland Anthony Godfrey &quot;Tony&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHYR-N91] - 1919(NSW)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 2AMN Sydney (Wahroonga, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2326, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son-in-Law of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Northbridge, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

* [[/Sidney Arthur Smith|Smith, Sidney or Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MH-VHS] - 1917(???)-2008(WA)91yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2100, 1938, WA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Subiaco, WA, 1943); civil engineer (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1958; Bedford, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Hugh Holland Smith|Smith, Sidney Hugh Holland]] - 1861(???)-1933(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, senior state public servant (Qld P&amp;T, Chief Mechanician), senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Mechanician, Qld), radio clubs (QWI, vice president), business proprietor (Telephone and Electrical Supplies Co)

* [[/Stuart Disney Paull Smith|Smith, Stuart (Birth) or Stewart (Electoral Rolls) Disney Paull or Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDB-8D8] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4LA Brisbane (Corinda, 1934-1939); 4LA Amberley (1946-1948); 4LA Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1303, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (RAAF, navigator); broadcast technician (4BC); Dept Education (O/C Radio) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Corinda, Qld, 1936-1949); radio technician (New Farm, Qld, 1949); maintenance officer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Sydney Smith|Smith, Sydney]] - 1856(NSW)-1934(NSW) - senior state politician (NSW MLA), senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1904-1905)

* [[/Victor Leslie Smith|Smith, Victor Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXQW-Q5S] - 1916(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (Collingwood, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2029, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Collingwood, Vic, 1937-1949)

* [[/Wilfred Smith|Smith, Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRQ-PQ1] - 1896(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 602, 1921; 2COCP 419, 1941; 1COCP 882, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/William Arthur Smith|Smith, William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-XL9] - 1906(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Wallaroo (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 526, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Glenunga, 1939-1943) - beware several contemporaneous William Arthur Smith's

* [[/William Glanville Clement Smith|Smith, William Glanville Clement]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS5-JM9] - 1914(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2IV Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1013, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF Radio Officer (Penrith, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Orchard Hills, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William Henry Smith|Smith, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2V-L4R] - 1911(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5SW Adelaide (Woodville, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 5ASW Adelaide (Woodville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1996, 1937, SA; BOCP 431, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHSs - Electoral Rolls: operator (Woodville, SA, 1939)

* [[/W. J. Smith|Smith, W. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: N758 Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922); 2IC Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITHERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Charles Smithers|Smithers, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z1-GQ1] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 552, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector of fisheries (Urunga, 1930); inspector (Burwood, 1930-1949)

===''SMYTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Walter Smyth|Smyth, Cedric Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1C-4MX] - 1916(WA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 7CD Devonport (1933-1939); 3ACH Melbourne (Doncaster East, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1133, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Doncaster East, 1954-1977)
* [[/Victor Loftus Smyth|Smyth, Victor Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-P8L] - 1905(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Receive Geelong (1923); 3PJ Geelong (1924); 3PJ Bendigo (1924-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 126, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Bendigo, 1928-1972)
===''SMYTHE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Cresswell Smythe|Smythe, Alan (BMD) or Allan (Electoral Rolls) Cresswell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JQ-V9V] - 1908(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5MF Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Hazlewood Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 658, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 135, 1933; BOCP 125, 1937; 1COCP 196, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SNADDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaddon|Snaddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Ernest Snaddon|Snaddon, John Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLF-B75] - 1920(Eng)-1944(Aegean Sea) - Licences: 3VE Melbourne (Malvern, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2322, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 459 Squadron, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/snaddon-john-ernest-409361/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SNAITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaith|Snaith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Leslie Snaith|Snaith, Samuel Leslie &quot;Leslie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-2S8] - 1901(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1930; Newport, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 166, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1924-1928; Newport, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''SNAPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snape|Snape, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fairlie Roger de Burgh Snape|Snape, Fairlie Roger de Burgh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-B1V] - 1900(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NU Receive Quirindi (1923); 4JK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 695, 1922; 2COCP 340, 1931; 1COCP 221, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Quirindi, 1930); wireless operator (Quirindi, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Killara, 1949-1968); engineer (Killara, 1980)

===''SNEDDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sneddon|Sneddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Neville Sneddon|Sneddon, Richard Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTS-SX7] - 1908(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Burwood, 1923); 2AKQ Sydney (Concord West, 1938-1939); 2WS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1946-1965); 2WS Wamberal (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2183, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937; Concord West, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''SNELLGROVE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William George Rayner Snellgrove|Snellgrove, William George Rayner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YC-Y4J] - 1879(SA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XCN Sydney (Willoughby, 1913-1914); 2DD Receive Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 242, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; merchant navy (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1913; Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1931; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1936); superintending engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XCN-2DD - William George Rayner Snellgrove&quot; - Links: [https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/6986877 IWM]

===''SNOOK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Charles Snook|Snook, Keith Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTG-Z2D] - 1908(Tas)-1946(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Hobart North, 1936); motor mechanic (Hobart Central, 1937)
===''SNOSWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snoswell|Snoswell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Raymond Snoswell|Snoswell, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NWH-MCT] - 1899(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5AD Adelaide (Exeter, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Largs, 1939-1943)

===''SOBELS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sobels|Sobels, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Dhorenwendt Sobels|Sobels, Max Dhorenwendt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNT-8Q5] - 1904(Vic)-1996(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Watervale, 1923); 2OT Sydney (Dee Why, 1932-1939; Lakemba, 1946); 2OT Broken Hill (1947-1950); 2OT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1954-1956); 2OT Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1957-1961); 2OT Goulburn (1965-1969); 5OT Adelaide (Holden Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 894, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 1358, 1954; TVOCP 28, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); teacher (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1958; Ashfield, NSW, 1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1963); retired (Goulburn, NSW, 1968)

===''SODEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander William Soden|Soden, Alexander William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-7M1] - 1909(Qld)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Annerley, 1930-1939; Yeerongpilly, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 634, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1943)
===''SOILLEUX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soilleux|Soilleux, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Garnet Argyle Soilleux|Soilleux, Garnet Argyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-XPN] - 1900(Vic)-1959(Eng) - Licences: XOG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 497, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Auburn, Vic, 1924); architect (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1937; Kew, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SOLOMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Solomon|Solomon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Charles Henry Solomon|Solomon, Cecil Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH6J-BQ1] - 1902(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Prahran, 1931-1933; South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 738, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Prahran, Vic, 1924-1936); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); soldier (Auburn, Vic, 1943); nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); radio technician (Carnegie, Vic, 1963)

===''SORAGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soraghan|Soraghan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald St James Soraghan|Soraghan, Donald St James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ8-7TC] - 1902(Ireland)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934); 2LH Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1939); 2PU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 233, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Kingscliff, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SOUMPROU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soumprou|Soumprou, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Emile Walter Soumprou|Soumprou, Emile Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZZF-SX7] - 1906(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3WK Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; North Fitzroy, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 511, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937); retired (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1942-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954)

===''SOUTHWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Southwell|Southwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Lindsay Southwell|Southwell, Clifford Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-FDF] - 1897(SA)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2SW Sydney (Cremorne, 1925-1926; Northbridge, 1927-1929; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 131, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Private); WW2 (Australian Army, colonel) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northbridge, NSW, 1930); manager (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1958); business executive (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Leslie William Douglas Southwell|Southwell, Leslie William Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WXT-S8L] - 1900(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3SL Seymour (1924-1939, 1946-1954); 3SL Melbourne (Montrose, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 250, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Seymour, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel Leslie Southwell|Southwell, Noel Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-ZJW] - 1919(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ZF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1565, 1935, NSW; 1COCP 149, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (1949) - Comment: QSL collection survives ARDXC/NFSA - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Spark|Spark, John]] - 1879(USA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Fremantle, 1917); civil servant (West Perth, 1921) - Comment: identification not certain
===''SPEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spedding|Spedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Thomas Spedding|Spedding, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ82-ZCM] - 1897(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 4DU Receive Brandon (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Brandon, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1932-1958)

===''SPEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Speer|Speer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Speer|Speer, John Francis &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYD4-LJN] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FF Corop (1936-1939); 3FF Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Thornbury, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1724, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3TS Thomas Patterson Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1942); machinist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); merchant (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); dealer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Patterson Speer|Speer, Thomas Patterson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDH-FVD] - 1907(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3TS Corop (1936-1939, 1947-1969); 3TS Flora Hill (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1815, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FF John Francis Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Flora Hill, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''SPENCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spence|Spence, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Keith Spence|Spence, Edward Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBYN-S3H] - 1908(Qld)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 4DT Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Union Bank, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930; Wellington, NSW, 1934); bank officer (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Rose Bay, NSW, 1937; Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Hugh David Spence| Spence, Hugh David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZB-X1K] - 1920(Tas)-1984(WA) - Licences: 7DS Longford (1938-1939, 1947-1965); 6FS Perth (Cottesloe, 1969; East Victoria Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2105, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Longford, Tas, 1943-1944); radio engineer (Longford, Tas, 1949-1963); radio technician (East Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Guthrie Spence|Spence, William Guthrie]] - 1846(Sco)-1926(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1914-1915)

===''SPENCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Derek David Spencer|Spencer, Derek David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSW-N55] - 1909(Eng)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 3DS Melbourne (Altona, 1934-1937); 6DS Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1280, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 157, 1934; 2COCP 55, 1936; 1COCP 111, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Ulverstone, Tas, 1954; Leven, Tas, 1963); farmer (Gawler, Tas, 1972)

===''SPERRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilfred John Sperring|Sperring, Wilfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVLY-JPK] - 1917(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6SP Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1920, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Victoria Park, WA, 1943); mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1949); radio engineer (Belmont, WA, 1954-1963)

===''SPICER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spicer|Spicer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Victor John Spicer|Spicer, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88M-KKY] - 1910(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1929-1931; East Malvern, 1933; North Fitzroy, 1937-1939, 1946-1948); 3BQV Melbourne (Hurstbridge, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 554, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, 1934); constable (Port Melbourne, 1936; Fitzroy, 1937-1954; Carlton South, 1967-1968); retired (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPITZKOWSKY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Royston Stanley Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Max Royston Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYD-23H] - 1904(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1926-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 302, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 134, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Hamilton, NSW, 1932-1972)

===''SPLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Splatt|Splatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Bartlett Splatt|Splatt, Alan Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-HBH] - 1912(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3BS Melbourne (Montmorency, 1934-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1370, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Briar Hill, Vic, 1935-1943)

===''SPOONER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spooner|Spooner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Spooner|Spooner, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ93-LSL] - 1918(WA)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1983, 1937, Vic; AIR3 1102, 1947; COCP1 1311, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 30 Squadron, DFC, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: air observer (Darwin, NT, 1943); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPOTSWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril Ernest Spotswood|Spotswood, Cyril Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-4GM] - 1897(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: Receive Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burnie, 1936-1943); fettler (Burnie, 1949-1954)
* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7C] - 1892(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Poopoonbah via Giru (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1356, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: second YL operator in Qld - Relationships: Wife of 4JK Jack Lawrence Humphry - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Ching Do Siding, Ayr, Qld, 1919-1936; Giru, Qld, 1937-1949; Poopoonbah, Qld, 1954; St Lucia, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SPRENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sprenger|Sprenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Ernest Sprenger|Sprenger, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQD-2CJ] - 1914(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ES Bundaberg (1932-1939); 4ES Brisbane (New Farm, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, 1955-1960; Rainworth, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 1064, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 165, 1938; 1COCP 530, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); state public servant (Qld Police, radio comms) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bundaberg, 1936-1937); police constable (New Farm, Qld, 1943-1949); sergeant police (Holland Park, Qld, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958); sub-inspector police (Rainworth, Qld, 1963-1968); police officer (Rainworth, Qld, 1972); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SPRING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spring|Spring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol Leeming Spring|Spring, Athol Leeming]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VS-DPM] - 1892(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: XHZ Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913-1972); retired (Bondi, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SPRINGETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Springett|Springett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Springett|Springett, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PV-RVB] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Exeter (1935-1937); 2OM Sydney (Willoughby, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1567, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1930-1932); wardsman (Exeter, NSW, 1934-1937); draughtsman (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''SPROULE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sproule|Sproule, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Laurence Sproule|Sproule, Archie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BK-5J7] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2IB Dubbo (1934-1935); 2IB Parkes (1936); 2IB Werris Creek (1937); 2IB Sydney (Punchbowl, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1398, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1935; Werris Creek, NSW, 1936); clerk (Werris Creek, NSW, 1943); telegraphist (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949; Oatley, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPURRIER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spurrier|Spurrier, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Charles Spurrier|Spurrier, Leonard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTY1-WZJ] - 1904(Wales)-1984(SA) - Licences: S382 Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1922); 5AL Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarence Park, 1939-1941; Eden Hills, 1943)

===''SQUELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squelch|Squelch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arbor Squelch|Squelch, Thomas Arbor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZRH-758] - 1892(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Bangalow (1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); ironmonger (Bangalow, NSW, 1932-1977)

===''SQUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squire|Squire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Leith Squire|Squire, Leslie Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HQ-59S] - 1918(NSW)-1963(???) - Licences: 2NL Thornton (1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2OL Portable Thornton (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1131, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 279, 1936; COCP2 80, 1936; BOCP 93, 1937; COCP1 231, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Maitland East, NSW, 1943; Thornton, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SQUIRES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squires|Squires, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Squires|Squires, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-3GW] - 1909(WA)-1972(???) - Licences: 6JS Perth (Cannington, 1929-1939; Como, 1946-1956; Nedlands, 1960; West Leederville, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 510, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cannington, 1931-1936); sales manager (Midland Junction, 1937; South Perth, 1943-1954); manager (Subiaco, 1963); business manager (West Kalamunda, 1968)

===''ST JOHN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert St John|St John, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Clive Bolingbroke St John|St John, Henry Clive Bolingbroke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTN-PV8] - 1895(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RX Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2RX Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1939); 2APN Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 258, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: reader (Rockdale, 1930-1936; Northbridge, 1943-1963)

===''STACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stacey|Stacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Keith Stacey|Stacey, Howard Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3TY-D8M] - 1907(NSW)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5XA Adelaide (Firle, 1934-1937; Knightsbridge, 1938-1939; Leabrook, 1947-1956; Glynde, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1360, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Burnside, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Roy Ernest Stacey|Stacey, Roy Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDT-PNR] - 1902(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RS Proserpine (1933-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1187, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: office assistant (Bauple, Qld, 1925); clerk (Proserpine, Qld, 1928-1972)

* [[/Roydon Stacey|Stacey, Roydon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK4-TLX] - 1908(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HY Sydney (Crows Nest, 1932-1937; Oatley, 1938-1939; Crows Nest, 1948; Oatley, 1950); 2QM Sydney (Epping, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 936, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1937); storekeeper (Oatley, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1968); supervising technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Seymour Stacey|Stacey, Seymour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR79-YXV] - 1893(Eng)-1960(ACT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 27, 1914 - telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: sorting clerk &amp; telegraphist (Keswick, Cumberland, Eng, 1911); electrical engineer (Griffith, ACT, 1928-1943); electrical contractor (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1958)

===''STACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Patrick Charles Stack|Stack, Robert Patrick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-Y2K] - 1904(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4TK Innisfail (1936-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1742, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Innisfail, Qld, 1930-1932); stationer (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1943)

===''STACKPOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Julian Stackpole|Stackpole, Peter Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-H8N] - 1947(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 3ZQS Melbourne (North Clayton, 1980+; 1RX Canberra, 1990s); Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 2203, 1966; AOCP N1856, 1988 - amateur operator; broadcast planning engineer (P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA, ACA) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Hampton, 1972); technical officer (Clayton, 1977-1980)
===''STAFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Staff|Staff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Leslie Staff|Staff, Raymond Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHPS-L3T] - 1904(Qld)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934); 2AMN Canberra (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1930); messenger (Mascot, NSW, 1933-1934; bank manager (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1934); messenger(Bondi, NSW, 1935; Mitchell, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Belconnen, ACT, 1943); car driver (Kingston, ACT, 1949); bookkeeper (Moruya, NSW, 1954-1958); storeman (Parramatta, NSW, 1963)

===''STAFFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stafford|Stafford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivor Stafford|Stafford, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-PHJ] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3XB Lallat North (1934-1939); 3XB Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1272, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3KS Mavis Ellen Stafford nee Coutts - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Prahran, Vic, 1934; Manya North, Vic, 1936; Lallat North, Vic, 1937-1942; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Hurst William Stafford|Stafford, John Hurst William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6P-XSJ] - 1901(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Receive Ipswich (Ebbw Vale, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ebbw Vale, 1925-1928; Booval, 1932-1949); engineer (East Ipswich, 1958-1963); retired (Mansfield, 1977-1980)

* Stafford, Mavis Ellen see Mavis Ellen Coutts

===''STALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stalker|Stalker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Clarence Stalker|Stalker, Dudley Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG3-TYC] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KJ Colac (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 995, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Colac, Vic, 1931-1937); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''STANFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Roy Stanfield|Stanfield, Clifford Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXR-9GG] - 1900(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: N744 Receive Newcastle (1922); 2HX Receive Newcastle (1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 383, 1918; 2COCP 136, 1930; 1COCP 140, 1930 - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, 1930; Maroubra, 1932-1968); retired (Blaxland, 1977-1980)
===''STANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanley|Stanley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. M. Stanley|Stanley, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JS Receive Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1922-1923); 2JS Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1924); Orange (1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 100, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; newsagent (Leura, late 1920s) - Identification: Not yet identified (possibly James Melville Stanley, electrician, Lockhart, 1930) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vincent Edward Stanley|Stanley, Vincent Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHDF-X7C] - 1896(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VS Sydney (Chatswood, 1926-1928; Carlingford, 1929-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 379, 1918; COCP2 26, 1929; COCP1 141, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1933-1954); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963; Rosebery, NSW, 1968)

===''STANSFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stansfield|Stansfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Galen Stansfield|Stansfield, Frederick Galen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHKB-QKP] - 1909(Eng)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1489, 1935, WA; COCP2 81, 1935; COCP1 223, 1939 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Second Radio Officer, MV Koolama) - Electoral Rolls: student (Nedlands, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/koolama.html Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STANTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanton|Stanton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Haberfield Stanton|Stanton, Keith Haberfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPR5-MHJ] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XFU Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3241, 1960 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 7th Brigade/6th Regiment, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1936); real estate (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); grazier (Reedy Creek, NSW, 1949; Kareeba, NSW, 1954-1958); real estate (Church Point, NSW, 1968)

===''STAPLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Stapleton|Stapleton, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-R9P] - 1915(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5KY Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1314, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cook, SA, 1941-1944)

===''STARKIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas William Starkie|Starkie, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBS-NCY] - 1906(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4NW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 306, 1926, No. 30 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Nundah, 1928-1937); warehouse assistant (Holland Park, 1943); manager (Wavell Heights, 1949); agent (Toowong, 1954-1958); manufacturer's agent (Kenmore, 1963); agent (Tennyson, 1968-1972); retired (The Gap, 1977; North Tamborine, 1980)

===''STARR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Starr|Starr, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-LC4] - 1916(Qld)-1940(off Qld coast) - Licences: 4FS Stanthorpe (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1930, 1937, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 23 Squadron, Aircraftsman Class 1) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Stanthorpe, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1719163 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Alwyn Starr|Starr, William Alwyn &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RK-F5D] - 1909(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6DB Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Pingelly, WA, 1931; Merredin, WA, 1936; Narrogin, WA, 1937; Bunbury, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1954; Daglish, WA, 1958; Cottesloe, WA, 1963; Mt Claremont, WA, 1968-1977; Swinburne, WA, 1977-1980)

===''STEANE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Ashcroft Steane|Steane, Geoffrey William Ashcroft]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCF-JWV] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 775, 1923; 2COCP 330, 1931 -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1949); television engineer (Double Bay, NSW, 1954); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1954)

===''STEELE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steele|Steele, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland Edward James Steele|Steele, Rowland Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-2ZM] - 1904(Tas)-1987(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hobart West, 1928); dairyman (West Hobart, 1937-1972)

===''STEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steer|Steer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Hurtle Steer|Steer, Albert Hurtle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKFN-K9D] - 1914(SA)-2010(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1787, 1936, SA; BOCP 713, 1946 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Army officer (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939); Salvation Army officer (Sterling, SA, 1941); welfare officer (RAAF Station, Nhill, Vic, 1942); salvation army officer (Stirling West, SA, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1687262 VWMA]

===''STEPHEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percy Goldsmith Stephen|Stephen, Percy Goldsmith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2J-HVR] - 1896(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAEL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914); 2ZB Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1925); 2PS Sydney (Balmain, 1926; Granville, 1927-1930; Lidcombe, 1931-1936; Croydon, 1937-1939; Five Dock, 1946-1958; Condell Park, 1960-1975) (Dealer licence in 1926 &amp; 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Section, Aus Naval &amp; Mil Exped Force, CPO) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Granville, 1930); electrician (Lakemba, 1930; Lidcombe, 1932-1936); electrical fitter (Five Dock, 1943-1958); fitter (Condell Park, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEL-2ZB-2PS - Percy Goldsmith Stephen&quot;

===''STEPHENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephens|Stephens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Nelson Stephens|Stephens, Arthur Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G941-3F1] - 1886(Eng)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1922); 4CG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923-1925); Operator of 4AE - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Carlton, Vic, 1912-1914); engineer (Wireless Station, Pinkenba, 1915-1919; Clayfield, 1925-1928); hotel keeper (Palm Beach Hotel, Elanora, 1932-1934; Grand Hotel, Southport, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Southport, 1949); secretary (Main Beach, 1954-1958; Southport East, 1963-1968)

* [[/Frank Richmond Stephens|Stephens, Frank Richmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-MLM] - 1897(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 452, 1919 - RANRS - Electoral Rolls:  naval reservist (New Farm, 1921); farm hand (Wamuran, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (New Farm, 1925-1937); radio mechanic (New Farm, Qld, 1943); agent (New Farm, Qld, 1949); caretaker (Brisbane, 1954-1958); retired (Bowen Hills, 1963; Coolangatta, 1968-1972)

* [[/Harry James Milne Stephens|Stephens, Harry James Milne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYC-KQH] - 1900(WA)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6ZZ Perth (South Perth, 1935-1939; Bassendean, 1947-1960; Eden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1530, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Albany, WA, 1925); railway employee (Katanning, WA, 1931-1936); storekeeper (Fremantle, WA, 1937); aircraftsman (Bassendean, WA, 1943-1963); railway employee (Eden Hill, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Lance Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lance Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9B-L57] - 1891(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Father of 2ZLS-2ACO Lindsay Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: electrical machinist (Burwood, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1935); electrical engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936-1977)

* [[/Lindsay Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lindsay Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPW-2NP] - 1923(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ZLS Wagga Wagga (1960); 2ACO Wagga Wagga (1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 640, 1959; AOCP 3948, 1961, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Lance Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: technician (Gordon, NSW, 1949); engineer (PMG Dept, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1963; Goonellabah, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Reginald Alva Claude Stephens|Stephens, Reginald Alva Claude ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYML-5QY] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Gympie (1948); 4RA Brisbane (Scarborough, 1954; Brighton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1531, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarram, Vic, 1936); public servant (Scarborough, Qld, 1949-1954); clerk (Brighton, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Thomas Stephens|Stephens, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-35G] - 1912(Vic)-1944(Sct) - Licences: 3GO Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - qualifications: cc; AOCP 489, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1944) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/stephens-thomas-418036/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Blacket Stephens|Stephens, Thomas Blacket or Blackett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9WG-Y5P] - 1902(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 309, 1926, No. 31 in Qld - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: articled law clerk (Annerley, 1925-1928); solicitor (Annerley, 1934; Fortitude Valley, 1936-1937; Clayfield, 1949-1968); retired (St Lucia, 1972-1980)

===''STEPHENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephenson|Stephenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Wilfred Stephenson|Stephenson, Charles Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-M7F] - 1905(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother); 2BWQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 282, 1926, No. 25 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, operator 4WN; WIAQ, operator 4AE); broadcast technician (4QG); business proprietor (cinema audio) - Relationships: brother of 4RG Harold John Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1932-1933); sound engineer (Capertee, NSW, 1936-1937); panel beater (Bourke, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Capertee, NSW, 1949-1954; Maroubra, NSW, 1958); autoelectrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Blacktown, NSW, 1980) 

* [[/Harold John Stephenson|Stephenson, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-9M3] - 1903(Qld)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 290, 1926, No. 27 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 4RG/2BWQ Charles Wilfred Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Wooloowin, Qld, 1925-1943); sheet metal worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); engineer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); aircraft mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''STER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ster|Ster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. W. Ster|Ster, R. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Preston, 1938-1939); 3AWG Barramunga (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STEVENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevens|Stevens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edgar F. Stevens|Stevens, Albert Edgar F. &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH4H-N2D] - 1894(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6BN Perth (North Perth, 1924-1927; South Perth, 1930-1939); nominated licensee for W732 WIA WA (1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 136, 1925, No. ?? in WA - Radio Activity: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917); phone mechanic (North Perth, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;6BN – Albert Edgar Stevens&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Stevens|Stevens, Frederick William]] - 1898-19?? - 4SP Brisbane, amateur operator (PRTC 788, 1923, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP, 1930, Qld), Coastal wireless operator; first chief engineer 4QG, state public servant (4QG), pilot (Qantas), federal public servant (DCA)

* [[/Herbert Newman Stevens|Stevens, Herbert Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYY-2NY] - 1911(???)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Balwyn, 1954-1965; South Blackburn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1191, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Auburn, Vic, 1936-1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1963; Blackburn South, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/James Thomas Stevens|Stevens, James Thomas or Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-91P] - 1914(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3ZK Swan Hill (1933-1939, 1947); 3ZK Beverford (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1106, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Swan Hill, Vic, 1936-1954); clerk (Beverford, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Edward Stevens|Stevens, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZMF] - 1908(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7OJ Deloraine (1931-1933); 3OJ Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 817, 1931, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1931; Burwood, 1937-1980)

===''STEVENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevenson|Stevenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Vincent Stevenson|Stevenson, Cecil Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1X-5KF] - 1878(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 815 Receive Sydney (Randwick); 2IY Sydney (Randwick, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder of 2UE B class - Relationships: Father of Murray Herman Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Randwick, NSW, 1930-1936); retired (Port Hacking, NSW, 1943-1954; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Murray Herman Stevenson|Stevenson, Murray Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1K-K6M] - 1905(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 46, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2IY-815-2IY Cecil Vincent Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Coogee, NSW, 1934); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937-1954); electrical engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STEWART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stewart|Stewart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart|Stewart, Alexander]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2XF Tumut (1931-1934); 2XF Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950); 2AXF Sydney (Balmain, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 865, 1931, No. ?? in NSW + others depending on identification - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Alexander Barnett Stewart|Stewart, Alexander Barnett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHBR-VND] - 1895(Sct)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4DD Receive Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Oondooroo, Qld, 1919); farmer (Palmwoods, Qld, 1921-1925); orderman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1928); truck driver (Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1936-1937); foreman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Donald Richardson Stewart|Stewart, Donald Richardson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CC-2MT] - 1902(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: V739 Receive Lorne (1922); 3GS Receive Lorne (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Lorne, 1925-1954); guest house proprietor (Lorne, 1967-1968); proprietor (Lorne, 1972-1980)

* [[/H. A. Stewart|Stewart, H. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAM Melbourne (Williamstowm, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Stewart|Stewart, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS7-R71] - 1896(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 234, 1916; 1COCP 318, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous HSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Stewart|Stewart, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DK Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. J. Stewart|Stewart, J. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XER Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Edgar Stewart|Stewart, John Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-3JC] - 1884(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2MR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1923-1929; Hamilton, 1930); 2MR Sydney (Chatswood, 1931); 4MR Brisbane (Nundah, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2MR Waratah (1954-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Commonwealth Electoral Commission (Chief Electoral Officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Arncliffe, 1913); District Returning Officer (Mayfield, 1930); Commonwealth Electoral Officer (Nundah, Qld, 1937-1949); retired (Waratah, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2MR-4MR - John Edgar Stewart&quot;

* [[/William Alfred Stewart|Stewart, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBZ-4XJ] - 1910(WA)-2020(WA)109yo - Licences: 6ST Perth (West Leederville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1958, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balkatta, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1937); salesman (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Leederville, WA, 1949); technician (Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley Park, WA, 1968; Floreat Park, WA, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://gerontology.fandom.com/wiki/William_Stewart Gerontology]

===''STICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stick|Stick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald James Stick|Stick, Reginald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69N-XLN] - 1898(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2BI Lismore (1935-1939); 2AMS Lismore (1950-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1431, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1963)

===''STICKLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stickland|Stickland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis James Stickland|Stickland, John Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJHW-ZKB] - 1885(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJS Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Auburn, Vic, 1909-1931); body builder (Auburn, 1936-1937)

===''STILLMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Harward Stillman|Stillman, Geoffrey Harward]] - 1895(Vic)-1984(WA) - Licences: XJAH Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Brighton, Vic, 1919-1931); engineer (Claremont, WA, 1936-1963); retired (Maylands, WA, 1968-1980)

===''STIPEK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stipek|Stipek, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Stipek|Stipek, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-XL1] - 1898(NSW)-1974(Florida, USA) - Licences: 7BE Receive St Helens (1923); Receive St Helens (1923); 7BE St Helens (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMG telegraph messenger, left PMGD 1920; first to log KGO in Tas - Comment: beware two other John Stipek's concurrently in Tas, 1920s - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (St Helens, 1919); clerk (St Helens, 1922)

===''STIRK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stirk|Stirk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick James Stirk|Stirk, Frederick James &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHR-T2Q] - 1915(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1934); 2ABC Sydney (Maroubra, 1936-1939, 1946-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 847, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 48, 1935; COCP1 1115, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1963); engineer (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''STITFOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitfold|Stitfold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Glen Stitfold|Stitfold, Ronald Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-MK2] - 1907(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6RS Perth (Carlisle, 1939, 1947-1955; Doubleview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2387, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Leonora, WA, 1931); bank official (Armadale, WA, 1936-1937; Carlisle, WA, 1943-1954); bank officer (Doubleview, WA, 1958-1980)

===''STITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitt|Stitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Hugh Reginald Stitt|Stitt, Walter Hugh Reginald &quot;Hughie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBX-L5G] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WH Forbes (1925-1969+); 2ARN Forster (1965-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 196, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2LM Leslie Maclean Wilson - Comment: His father also Walter Hugh Rankin Stitt and lived in same district - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1930); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1931); jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1932); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1934-1963); retired grazier (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''STOBIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stobie|Stobie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Claude Stobie|Stobie, Geoffrey Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY37-92H] - 1915(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3VW Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1934-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1323, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1937-1949)

===''STOCKALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold John Stockall|Stockall, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHN-GKD] - 1906(Eng)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DJ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936; Earlwood, NSW, 1937); motor driver (Eastwood, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Parramatta North, NSW, 1958-1963; North Ryde, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1972; Penrith, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOCKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur James Stocks|Stocks, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZF-B2F] - 1884(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJDI Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919); sales (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1919-1943; Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954)
* [[/Daniel Alan John Stocks|Stocks, Daniel Alan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-R5P] - 1897(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927; Surrey Hills, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 144, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Canterbury, Vic, 1921-1922); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1931)

===''STOCKTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Stockton|Stockton, Norman]] - 1904(WA)-1943(Germany) - 4NQ Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, press correspondent), journalist - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stone|Stone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Charles John Stone|Stone, Kenneth Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-4H4] - 1917(Qld)-2001(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2291, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Redfern, NSW, 1943); radio officer (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1963; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Robert Norman Stone|Stone, Robert Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGC-LPV] - 1918(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1628, 1936, Vic; BOCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''STOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stow|Stow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allen Frederick Stow|Stow, Allen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WR-7GG] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3AS Melbourne (North Carlton,1928-1931; North Fitzroy, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Northcote, 1948-1965); 3AFS Portable Melbourne (Northcote, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 441, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 94, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton North, 1931; Fitzroy North, 1934-1942); technician (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STOWAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stowar|Stowar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Stowar|Stowar, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-D1H] - 1920(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ACX Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Kingsgrove, 1948-1965; Burraneer Bay, 1969); 2AS Sydney (East Lindfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2236, 1938, NSW; AIR3 1587, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1963); superintendent (Cronulla, NSW, 1968); welding (Lindfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Alfred Stowe|Stowe, Harry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBJ-YTW] - 1892(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAS Sydney (Drummoyne, 1911-1914); 2CX Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922-1923); 2CX Sydney (Chatswood, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 19, 1924, No. 9 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, 1930-1958); retired (Frenchs Forest, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;XAS-2CX - Harry Alfred Stowe&quot;

===''STOYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Bickley Stoyle|Stoyle, Jack Bickley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM1Z-JWV] - 1881(India)-1966(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 91, 1915; 1COCP 55, 1930 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920); AWA CRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1917); radio station master (Darwin, 1922; Kilkenny, 1939-1943)

===''STRAFFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Michael Strafford|Strafford, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2K-LBX] - 1900(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5JS Adelaide (Stepney, 1936-1939; City, 1947-1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1710, 1936, SA; BOCP 514, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STRATFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leo Stephen Stratford|Stratford, Leo Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-HRX] - 1915(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4AE Goondiwindi (1936-1939); 4LS Goondiwindi (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1678, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1936-1949); radio dealer (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1954-1958); electrician (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1968); refrigeration mechanic (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1980)

===''STREAMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot; - See Florence Madeline Mackenzie 4YL
===''STREET''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Frederick Street|Street, Reginald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW5S-Z4L] - 1900(Tas)-1927(Tas) - Licences: 7BD Receive Hobart (1923); Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Hobart West, 1922)

===''STREETER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy William Streeter|Streeter, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-PW3] - 1917(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 3AWG Burramunga (1948-1956); 5SK Millicent (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2078, 1938, Vic; BOCP 52, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Colac, Vic, 1943); farmer (Barramunga, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STROHFELDT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt or Strofeldt, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-W9Z] - 1904(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4GS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1041, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: licensed for 5 years after passing - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Roma, 1926); telegraphist (Charleville, 1928-1930); Paddington, Qld, 1936-1937); assistant radio inspector (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943)

===''STROUD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stroud|Stroud, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas James John Stroud|Stroud, Thomas James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6PD-9P5] - 1905(Qld)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AMR Dubbo (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2325, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''STRUTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Arthur Lloyd Strutt|Strutt, George Arthur Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNY8-8MH] - 1893(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XJDX Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Elwood, Vic, 1914-1927); orchardist (Frankston, Vic, 1931); carrier (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); inspector (Blackburn, Vic, 1949); painter (Blackburn, Vic, 1954)

===''STUART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart|Stuart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Stuart|Stuart, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSH-RPC] - 1895(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Hobart, Tas, 1919); telegraphist (Hobart, 1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1928-1942); primary producer (Tarra Valley, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Alphonsus Valentine Stuart|Stuart, Joseph Alphonsus Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-RM8] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OO Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 52, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Albert Park, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1925-1963); retired (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Michael Aloysius Horatio Stuart|Stuart, Michael Aloysius Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-2D9] - 1891(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: 3MH Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1927); 3MH Rockbank (1931-1937); 5MS Adelaide (Rosewater, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 66, 1929; 1COCP 184, 1931; likely CRPT pre 1927 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Navy); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1925-1927); radio telegraphist (Beam Radio Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1937; Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Footscray North, Vic, 1949)

===''STUART-JONES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edward Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Arthur Edward]] - 1912(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1597, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STUBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stubbs|Stubbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Stubbs|Stubbs, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2RB-PL2] - 1896(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ZS Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1933-1934; Epping, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 369, 1918 (Marconi); COCP1 320, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1963)

===''STURDEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vernon Ashton Hobart Sturdee|Sturdee, Vernon Ashton Hobart]] - 1890(Vic)-1966(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, early wireless experimenter (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur radio club (member, WIQ)

===''SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sullivan|Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Patrick Sullivan|Sullivan, James Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-GXP] - 1905(Eng)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JK Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2272, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Rose Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John Sullivan|Sullivan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLGD-VK6] - 1906(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SR Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1925-1926); 3SR Yallourn (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 206, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); engineer (Staff Mess, Yallourn, Vic, 1931; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1936; Oakleigh, Vic, 1937; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Vincent Macleay Sullivan|Sullivan, Vincent Macleay &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTD3-DSV] - 1898(NSW)-1989(SA) - Licences: XAC Smithtown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sapper, Wireless Moore Park, Light Motor Wireless Section, Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Watervale, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SUMSION''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sumsion|Sumsion, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Walter Sumsion|Sumsion, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTM-KPG] - 1918(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1371, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CWS - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1972; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SUNTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Boyd Sunter|Sunter, Horace Boyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-56X] - 1899(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2LM Receive Sydney (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1922); 3BS Melbourne (Toorak, Vic, 1924-1925; St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1926); 2BS Sydney (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1927-1929; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 808, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); electrical instrument fitter (Kirribilli, NSW, 1949); guest house proprietor (Camden, NSW, 1954); retired (Kurmond, NSW, 1968; Springwood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SUTHERLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan James Sutherland|Sutherland, Alan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK6-94L] - 1916(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 5XB Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939, 1947-1948); 3AXB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1954-1965); 3KY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1592, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dunleath, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1977)
* [[/George Bremner Sutherland|Sutherland or Clyne, George Bremner &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVF-KQC] - 1893(Sct)-1981(SA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 295, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (Navy, 1911), journalist (Listening In Column, Perth Western Mail, 1924); late 1920s assistant chief engineer 6WF (to Wally Coxon) - Electoral Rolls: DCA (aeradio operator, from 1941); radio operator (Kalgoorlie, 1949); retired (North Perth, 1958)

===''SUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sutton|Sutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Ernest Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMFM-Z34] - 1882(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (early 1910s); utilised Henry Sutton's experimental licence - Relationships: son of XLM Henry Sutton - Electoral Rolls: music seller (Malvern, 1909-1913; Hawthorn, 1914-1915); engineer (Kew, 1922-1925); traveller (Camberwell, 1927); mechanic (Brunswick, 1928)

* [[/Arthur Fraser Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K23N-VYW] - 1888(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2EM Sydney (Darling Point, 1936-1937; Killara, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1832, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; pre-WW1 (Army, AVAC, 1910-1915); WW1 (Army, 5th Field Artillery, 1915-1919; Captain, Dental Corps) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ashfield, NSW, 1913; Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1936; Killara, NSW, 1937-1958); dental surgeon (St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); dental (St Ives, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Henry Sutton|Sutton, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD19-T7V] - 1855(Vic)-1912(Vic) - Licences: XLM Melbourne (Malvern, 1910-1912) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed from 1890s); numerous inventions, Australia's first wireless telephony experimenter (1906); invented several new types of telephones; early television experiments - Relationships: father of Arthur Ernest Sutton - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sutton-henry-4675 ADB] - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Jnr|Sutton, Joseph William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-HCJ] - 1874(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4CP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4EI Brisbane (City, 1923-1925) (In the name of the State Engineer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIQ, foundation member; QWI); electrical engineer; senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Engineer) - Relationships: son of Joseph William Sutton Snr - Electoral Rolls: electric engineer (Teneriffe, 1903); engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909); assistant (GPO, 1912-1919); electrical engineer (New Farm, 1921-1936); retired (Ascot, 1937)

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Snr|Sutton, Joseph William Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-W6T] - 1844(Eng)-1914(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - club (Royal Society Qld, president) - Relationships: father of Joseph William Sutton Jnr - Links: [[w:Joseph William Sutton|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909)

===''SWABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swaby|Swaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell John Swaby|Swaby, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY3N-SKH] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3DD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1934-1939); 4DA Dalby (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1379, 1934, Vic; COCP1 914, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Dalby, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Dalby, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SWAIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swain|Swain, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Tamsett Swain|Swain, Lionel Tamsett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL1J-TGY] - 1902(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CS Receive Newcastle (Hamilton, 1922); 2CS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1923-1927; Waratah, 1928-1939, 1946-1950; Charlestown, 1954-1961; Bolton Point, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 108, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Withdrawal: when 2CS Coffs Harbour commenced in early 1980s, policy had changed as to withdrawal of similar amateur callsigns - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Waratah, 1930-1954); engineer (Charlestown, 1958-1963); retired (Bolton Point, 1968-1980)

===''SWAINGER''===

* [[/Alfred John Swainger|Swainger, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J4-6QD] - 1920(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3IP Melbourne (Upper Ferntree Gully, 1947-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2224, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1949-1968; Ferntree Gully, 1972); engineer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SWANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swanson|Swanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Wilfred Swanson|Swanson, William Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF2-KMK] - 1909(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AFL Sydney (North Sydney, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1856, 1937, NSW; COCP2 109, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Pilot Station, Newcastle, NSW, 1930; Vaucluse, NSW, 1932-1935); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1937); marine radio officer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949)

===''SWANTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Howell Swanton|Swanton, Cedric Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G62M-Y9M] - 1899(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XOZ Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Kew, Vic, 1922-1928); medical practitioner (Merrylands, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1937-1949; Double Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''SWEENEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Moss Sweeney|Sweeney, Walter Moss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNZ7-YRD] - 1887(Eng)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3WS Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1924-1925; Elwood, 1925-1931; St Kilda, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 204, 1916 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Subiaco, 1916-1917); no occupation (Melbourne, 1919); wireless engineer (East Melbourne, 1921-1924); engineer (Elsternwick, 1925-1928); director (St Kilda, 1931-1963)

===''SWINBURNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Charles Richard Swinburne|Swinburne, Frank Charles Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDML-S1J] - 1901(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922-1923); 2AT Sydney (Manly, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 557, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1937; North Sydney, 1943))
===''SWINDELLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swindells|Swindells, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Willie Swindells|Swindells, Willie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L812-BTK] - 1890(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Richmond, Vic, 1913-1914; Parkdale, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Geelong, 1927; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1934)

===''SYDOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydow|Sydow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Frederick Sydow|Sydow, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2G9-B92] - 1912(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1932-1939); 3JX Hamilton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 974, 1932, Vic; BOCP 418, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''SYDSERFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydserff|Sydserff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harold Buchan Sydserff|Sydserff, William Harold Buchan &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNN-XS9] - 1907(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3XL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1931-1939; Burwood, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 808, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937); salesman (Burwood, Vic, 1942; Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968)

===''SYKES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sykes|Sykes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Sykes|Sykes, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT64-LFS] - 1886(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAQ Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Balgowlah, NSW, 1949)

===''SYMONDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Joseph Leo Symonds|Symonds, Nathaniel Joseph Leo &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ3-3QH] - 1908(WA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 6LS Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1925-1930; Bicton, 1947-1948); 6LX Perth (Kalamunda, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 207, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Cottesloe, 1931-1943); radio operator (Fremantle, 1949-1954); radio technician (Kalamunda, 1958-1980)

===''SYMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Symons|Symons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Lindsay Gordon Symons|Symons, John Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZ5-Q42] - 1913(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3JT Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939; East Hawthorn, 1946-1947; Burwood, 1948; South Melbourne, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 662, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); hotelkeeper (Malvern, Vic, 1954); engineer (Syndal, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Sydney George Symons|Symons, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WGW] - 1915(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4SY Townsville (1938-1939, 1948-1960); 4SY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2201, 191938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (Clayfield, Qld, 1963-1980)

=='''T'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''TACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tacey|Tacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Wheeler Tacey|Tacey, Douglas Wheeler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNB-8H7] - 1905(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 3DW Shepparton (1931-1939, 1948); 3DW Lilydale (1954); 5DW Adelaide (Frewville, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 841, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Castlemaine, Vic, 1926); cinematic operator (Shepparton, Vic, 1931); sound projectionist (Shepparton, Vic, 1934-1937); RAAF Instructor (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); manager (Woodend Theatre, Woodend, Vic, 1949); manager (Lilydale, Vic, 1954)

===''TALLENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tallent|Tallent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Daniel Tallent|Tallent, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9W-S23] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3TT Dean (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1952, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Dean, Vic, 1935-1980)

===''TANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tandy|Tandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Tandy|Tandy, Ronald &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-B29] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Colac (1931-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 816, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Colac, Vic, 1933-1968)

* [[/Roy Percival Tandy|Tandy, Roy Percival or Percival Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7J-54J] - 1908(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2220, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical mechanic (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Darling, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''TANNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tanner|Tanner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Sidney Charles Tanner|Tanner, Leslie Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L55H-KF4] - 1915(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2ABL Sydney (Canley Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1963, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/William Edward Tanner|Tanner, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Q3-FQS] - 1909(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7TE Launceston (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2380, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless dealer (Launceston, Tas, 1936-1937); RAN (Naval Depot, Hobart, Tas, 1943); mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1949); radio mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

===''TAPLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taplin|Taplin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. F. Taplin|Taplin, H. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2545 Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TAPP''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Ernest Tapp|Tapp, Charles Ernest or Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-BXV] - 1894(NSW)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 82, 1915 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: OIC Wireless Station (Thursday Island, Qld, 1915; South Yarra, Vic, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1942); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

===''TAPPER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Robert Tapper|Tapper, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZX-4T6] - 1910(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1929-1939); 6RJ Onslow (1946-1947); 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1948-1960); 2AO Wagga Wagga (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 538, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 1COCP 218, 1931; TVOCP 324, 1961 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Claremont, 1931-1943); operator (Claremont, 1949-1963); radio inspector (Wagga Wagga, 1968-1980)

===''TARBOTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Augustus Tarbotton|Tarbotton, Harry Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-87K] - 1902(Eng)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6HT Albany (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1672, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Albany, WA, 1925-1931); motor mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936-1954); radio service (Albany, WA, 1958)

===''TARLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred William Tarling|Tarling, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVH9-4RZ] - 1900(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Townsville (1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; (likely qualification ca 1920, British Merchant Navy; 1COCP 679, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coolbie, Ingham, Qld, 1930); wireless operator (Pimlico, Qld, 1931-1932); labourer (West End, Qld, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''TARRANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tarrant|Tarrant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Albert Tarrant|Tarrant, Ernest Albert Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8SB-Z68] - 1898(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Receive Narrabri (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Eulah Creek, 1930; Narrabri, 1943)

* [[/Horace Joseph Tarrant|Tarrant, Horace Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW3-T6Q] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 2AFH Sydney (Richmond, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1838, 1936, NSW; COCP2 132, 1937; COCP1 260, 1939; AIR1 3, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, NSW, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1943-1967; Balaclava, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Francis Tarrant|Tarrant, William Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5M-6JT] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2UF Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1054, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (Newcastle, 1930-1949)

===''TATHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Edward Tatham|Tatham, Sydney Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQT-52W] - 1896(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 2ST Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925; City, 1926-1928; Darling Point, 1929-1933; City, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 33, 1915; 1COCP 406, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (editor, Sea, Land and Air, 1922); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: instructor (St Kilda, 1919; South Yarra, 1919); merchant (Darling Point, 1930-1933; City, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, 1954); director (Balwyn, 1958-1972)
===''TAYLOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taylor|Taylor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Taylor|Taylor, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX56-JGX] - 1910(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AT Port Pirie (1934-1937); 5AT Adelaide (Solomontown, 1938-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1276, 1934, SA; BOCP 286, 1940; TVOCP 461, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marleston, SA, 1941; Edwardstown, SA, 1943)

* [[/Alexander Francis Taylor|Taylor, Alexander Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYMQ-GLC] - 1917(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1934-1939); 3AT Shepparton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1245, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); medical practitioner (Shepparton, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/B. A. Taylor|Taylor, B. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DF Receive Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Taylor|Taylor, Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XOU Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Melbourne, Vic, 1914)

* [[/Charles Farrow Taylor|Taylor, Charles Farrow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JT-K3L] - 1888(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 3ZD Melbourne (Kew, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AFC) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Heidelberg, Vic, 1922); electrical contractor (Kew, Vic, 1922-1924); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1937; Unley, SA, 1943) 

* [[/Donald Gordon Taylor|Taylor, Donald Gordon &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-N31] - 1907(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Forestville, 1923-1924); 5DX Adelaide (Forestville, 1926-1937; Black Forest, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 307, 1926, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 25, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: another DGT served in WW2 &amp; died on active service 1943 in NT - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Goodwood, 1939; Black Forest, 1941-1943) - Trovetag: &quot;5DX - Donald Gordon Taylor&quot;

* [[/Florence Mary Parsons|Taylor nee Parsons, Florence Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZX2-FZB] - 1879(Eng)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - publisher - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Sydney, 1936); journalist (Vaucluse, 1954); editor (Darlinghurst, 1958; Potts Point, 1963) - Relationships: wife of George Augustine Taylor - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-florence-mary-8754 ADB]

* [[/G. U. H. Taylor|Taylor, G. U. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Augustine Taylor|Taylor, George Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-JG7] - 1872(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Nil (always operated under military or other amateur licences) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; founder WIA NSW; founder Association for Development of Wireless in Australasia - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-george-augustine-8756 ADB]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/taylor-george-augustine-8756 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Harold Edward Taylor|Taylor, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP3-NMD] - 1896(Vic)-1918(Vic) - Licences: XJCZ Melbourne (Camberwell South, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Arthur Taylor|Taylor, Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF77-443] - 1907(Eng)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AT Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1042, 1932, WA; AOLCP 216, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1934); radio engineer (6KG, Parkeston, WA, 1937-1943; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1963); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Edward Jack Taylor|Taylor, Herbert Edward Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52W-53Q] - 1913(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Monteagle (1934); 2TC Monteagle (1935-1939, 1946-1955); 2TC Bundanoon (1956-1961); 2TC Sydney (Cronulla, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1459, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2TM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2TM Tamworth commercial service - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Monteagle, NSW, 1936-1954; Bundanoon, NSW, 1958); self employed (Gymea, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Cronulla, NSW, 1972); retired (Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Herbert James Taylor|Taylor, Herbert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNP1-WPP] - 1888(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XPO Warracknabeal (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: ledgerkeeper (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1914-1917); clerk (Camperdown, Vic, 1919); bookkeeper (Bendigo, Vic, 1921; Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1927); shopkeeper (Carlton, Vic, 1928); bookkeeper (Toorak, Vic, 1931); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); caretaker (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Leslie Harry Taylor|Taylor, Leslie Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-CD4] - 1898(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1723, 1936, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)   - Electoral Rolls: manager (Leichhardt, 1930-1933; Ashfield, 1935-1968); retired (Ashfield, 1977)

* [[/Norman Stanley Taylor|Taylor, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L66R-XLB] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Sct) - Licences: 3PX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931); 2BC Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1936; McMahons Point, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 469, 1919; COCP2, 275, 1939  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Comment: Another NST passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Milsons Point, NSW, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034201 AWM]; [https://www.cwgc.org/umbraco/surface/Pdf/WarDeadCertificate/?id=2964901 CWGC]; [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/36827.html Uboats]; [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/la-estancia.html Aus Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Thomas Taylor|Taylor, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2J-ZXD] - 1913(Vic)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6TT Perth (Rossmoyne, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1584, 1935, Vic; COCP3 919, 1950; COCP1 1599, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous WTTs - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Fremantle, WA, 1949; Spearwood, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1968); engineer (Riverton, WA, 1972); retired (Balga, WA, 1977)

===''TEECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Teece|Teece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Auburn Selwyn Teece|Teece, Cecil Auburn Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z37-JSS] - 1885(NSW)-1970(ACT) - Licences: V733 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GO Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 2AWM Canberra (Reid, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, 1909); examiner (Kew, 1910); civil servant (Kew, 1912; Hawthorn, 1914-1917); examiner of patents (Box Hill, 1919); civil servant (Toorak, 1922; Sandringham, 1924; St Kilda, 1928; East Melbourne, 1931; Reid, ACT, 1935-1937; Barton, 1943); public servant (Barton, 1949-1954); retired (Braddon, 1958-1968)

===''TEMBY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Temby|Temby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Kevin Temby|Temby, Francis Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-N7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3WR Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1871, 1937, Vic; BOCP 114, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963; Camberwell North, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Harold Moyle Temby|Temby, Harold Moyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCF-35M] - 1914(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2ZJ Broken Hill (1934-1939, 1947-1956); 5ZJ Adelaide (Brighton, 1960-1965; Hove, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1334, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1954)

===''TEMPLEMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeman|Templeman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Joseph Templeman|Templeman, George Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR73-RR6] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AFV Barmedman (1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1839, 1936, NSW; COCP2 268, 1939; COCP1 628, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Barmedman, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''TEMPLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeton|Templeton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Lander Templeton|Templeton, Gordon Lander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-VLH] - 1909(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3OW Coleraine (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 631, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Tahara Bridge, 1931-1937) - Relationships: Cousin of 3HG Neil Murray Templeton - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neil Murray Templeton|Templeton, Neil Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6SD-RDT] - 1911(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3HG Coleraine (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 632, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1934-1937); RAAF (Canterbury, 1943); grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1949-1963) - Relationships: Cousin of 3OW Gordon Lander Templeton

===''TERNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ternes|Ternes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry McDonald Ternes|Ternes, Henry McDonald &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L169-WP1] - 1910(Vic)-1940(PNG) - Licences: 3AV Melbourne (Carnegie, 1932-1933; Oakleigh, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 975, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Accidentally killed, apparently not on active service [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206829903] - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Oakleigh, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''THACKERAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thackeray|Thackeray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Makepeace Thackeray|Thackeray, Alan Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXQ-K1M] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2TA Young (1933-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1387, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Young, NSW, 1934-1968)

===''THEEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth Milton Theel|Theel, Kenneth Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD1Z-1Z9] - 1908(SA)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5CT Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5QP Adelaide (St Peters, 1927-1933; Clarence Park, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 322, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ledger keeper (Reade Park Gardens, SA, 1941-1943)

===''THOMAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomas|Thomas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. P. Thomas|Thomas, C. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YN Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1924; Annandale, 1924; Granville, 1924-1925); 4CP Willis Island (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Eric Thomas|Thomas, David Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8BC-N2Z] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ZL Ballarat East (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 890, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cleaner (Ballarat East, Vic, 1931-1936); railway employee (Ballarat East, Vic, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Sylvanus Thomas|Thomas, George Sylvanus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5QL-ZYS] - 1893(NSW)-1983(???) - Licences: XGV Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954-1958; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); fitter (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Kirk Raleigh Thomas|Thomas, Henry Kirk Raleigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-8LL] - 1902(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HT Sydney (Mosman, 1924; Neutral Bay, 1925-1933; Cremorne, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1, 1924, No. 1 in NSW and Australia - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948); broadcast engineer (2GB, assistant engineer, 1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1934; Mosman, NSW, 1934-1937); soldier (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Meadowbank, NSW, 1958; Ryde, NSW, 1968); engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1972); retired (Newrybar, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Thomas|Thomas, Herbert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DY Perth (CBD, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, salesman (Harris Scarfe, 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous HTs

* [[/Ivor Thomas|Thomas, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-Q3G] - 1897(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5IT Adelaide (Mitcham, 1929-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 496, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Kingswood Park, 1939-1943)

* [[/Josiah Thomas|Thomas, Josiah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSY-Y24] - 1863(Eng)-1933(NSW) - establishment radio station (2CH), state politician (NSW, MLA, 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR, Postmaster-General 1908-1909, 1910-1911) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/L. H. Thomas|Thomas, L. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DM Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Roland Henry Thomas|Thomas, Roland Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-7Z4] - 1911(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4LR Brisbane (Bulimba, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1058, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bulimba, 1934); radio technician (Bulimba, Qld, 1937-1972); proprietor (Manly West, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Roy Valentine Thomas|Thomas, Roy Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6H-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (Erskinville, 1925); 2RV Sydney (Bondi North, 1927-1930); 2TK Sydney (South Hurstville, 1947-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 62, 19??, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (North Bondi, NSW, 1930); no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1933); radio dealer (Bankstown, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''THOMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thompson|Thompson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil Thompson|Thompson, Alfred Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ1-VSP] - 1906(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AGV Sydney (Auburn, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1903, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Frederick Thompson|Thompson, Frederick]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HF Receive Sydney (East Balmain, 1922-1923); 2HF Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 47, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: several contemporaneous F. Thompson - TroveTag: &quot;2HF - Frederick Thompson&quot;

* [[/G. F. Thompson|Thompson, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TH Melbourne (Carnegie, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey George Thompson|Thompson, Geoffrey George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SP-DDD] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3GT Melbourne (Thornbury, 1928; Melbourne CBD, 1931; Thornbury, 1933-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 388, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Thornbury, Vic, 1934-1937; North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); cameraman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Thompson|Thompson, Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ59-621] - 1899(Vic)-1984(Aus) - Licences: XJBU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914); 3BW Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1937); electrician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Jefferis Thompson|Thompson, Jefferis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJY-VZG] - 1901(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XP Wyong (1933-1937); 2XP Sydney (Guildford, 1938); 2XP Lismore (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 694, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wyong Creek, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Epping, NSW, 1943); sawmiller (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1949); share farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1954-1958); farmer (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1963); retired (Natural Bridge, Qld, 1968)

* [[/John Kitchener Thompson|Thompson, John Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-2VH] - 1916(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Yarraville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2133, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3YM Sydney Arthur Thompson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Seaholme, Vic, 1942-1949); toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/John William Thompson|Thompson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWK-YD4] - 1918(WA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1939, 1948-1950; Dulwich Hill, 1954-1955; Stanmore, 1956-1957; Earlwood, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2323, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWTs - Electoral Rolls: company representative (Earlwood, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Neville Weston Fane Thompson|Thompson or Fane-Thompson, Leonard Neville Weston Fane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJKN-FJV] - 1899(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LT Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1933; Carrum, 1937-1939; Bonbeach, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 762, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Batallion Reinf, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clerk at time of enlistment, 1918; railway employee (Glenferrie, 1925; Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1934; Carrum, 1936-1954)

* [[/Maxwell Mannering Thompson|Thompson, Maxwell Mannering]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB43-7XL] - 1917(Vic)-2010(USA)93yo - Licences: 3VT Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3OO Melbourne (Parkdale, 1969-1975; Mt Eliza, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 272, 1935; AOCP 1922, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Ralph Noel Thompson|Thompson, Ralph Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-14T] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (East Brunswick, Vic, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1153, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carlton, Vic, 1942; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980) 

* [[/Ronald Roy Thompson|Thompson, Ronald Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY41-LJ4] - 1915(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1935-1937); 3UF Tatura (1938-1939); 3UF Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1550, 1935, Vic; COCP2 137, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Preston, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Stanley Gordon Thompson|Thompson, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLZ-S21] - 1906(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (North Brighton, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: expert (Brighton, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936); sales (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Thompson|Thompson, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2S-R6L] - 1913(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3YM Melbourne (Yarraville, 1936-1939; Glenroy, 1947-1954; West Essendon, 1955-1960; Essendon, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1776, 1936, Vic; COCP2 359, 1940; COCP1 448, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lilydale, Vic, 1935-1937); faller (Healesville, Vic, 1949); electrical fitter (Essendon North, Vic, 1954); foreman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''THOMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomson|Thomson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Thomson|Thomson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZND-ZPF] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Sunshine (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 145, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AWTs - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1931; Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1980)

* [[/Gordon Leonard Thomson|Thomson, Gordon Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG83-718] - 1904(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GT Sydney (Waverley, 1924-1926); 2AVT Sydney (Hurstville, 1969, 1980); operator of 2BV Waverley Radio Club - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3, 1924, No. 2 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Citizen's Military Forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1980) - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/home/waverley-amateur-radio-society-home-page/club-history/ WARC]

* [[/Henry Chatham Thomson|Thomson, Henry Chatham &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7DZ-6CN] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZE Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1462, 1935, Vic; AOCP1 10, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''THORBURN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVJ-9MS] - 1915(NSW)-1982(Eng) - Licences: 2AIP Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2017, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1949); radio tradesman (Hurstville, NSW, 1958)

===''THORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorley|Thorley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Thorley|Thorley, Roy &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-8GW] - 1912(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4RT Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1937; Annerley, 1938-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, president); business proprietor (mechanical engineering) - Comment: killed in automobile accident - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); engineer (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1963); contractor (Charters Towers, Qld, 1963)

===''THORNCROFT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorncroft|Thorncroft, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. Thorncroft|Thorncroft, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABM Sydney (Rookwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''THORNHILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornhill|Thornhill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Royal Thornhill|Thornhill, Leslie Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-YPB] - 1909(Qld)-1949?(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2341, 1939, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ayr, Qld, 1930-1936; Bundaberg, Qld, 1937); telegraphist (Wynnum, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/804492 VWM]

===''THORNLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornley|Thornley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Peter Edmund Thornley|Thornley, Peter Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP3-G4L] - 1920(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PE Camperdown (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1845, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1963; Chadstone, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''THORNTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornton|Thornton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey William Thornton|Thornton, Geoffrey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G94S-VKR] - 1917(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IP Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Avalon Beach, 1954; Cammeray, 1955-1975; Avalon Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1511, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous GWT - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cammeray, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Cammeray, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''THORPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorpe|Thorpe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Graham Thorpe|Thorpe, Thomas Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT97-XQP] - 1916(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AMC Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2QT Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1950; Castlecrag, 1954-1955; Mascot, 1956-1957); 2QT Mittagong (1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2264, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1937); dental surgeon (Mosman, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954; Mittagong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''THRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis William Thring|Thring, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XFG-ZY6] - 1882(NSW)-1936(Vic) - Film producer; founder 3XY Melbourne - Links: [[w:F. W. Thring|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/thring-francis-william-frank-19779 Obituaries Australia]

===''THROSSELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lancelot Ledsam Throssell|Throssell or Throssel, Lancelot Ledsam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHFL-59C] - 1902(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6LT Northam (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 248, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Northam, 1925-1931); civil servant (Northam, 1936-1937); clerk (Bruce Rock, 1943); bank officer (Kojonup, 1954; Innaloo, 1963-1972); retired (Osborne Park, 1980)

===''THUGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thuge|Thuge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Thuge|Thuge, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-F55] - 1917(Qld)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4NC Gladstone (1936-1937); 4NO Gladstone (1938-1939); 4NO Brisbane (Hendra, 1947); 2ANO Sydney (Stanmore, 1948-1950; Arncliffe, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1622, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Petersham, NSW, 1949; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1972)

===''THURSTAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thurstan|Thurstan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wyngate Thurstan|Thurstan, Arthur Wyngate]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVFV-XSS] - 1907(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AV Sydney (Penshurst, 1924-1929; Sandringham, 1930; Penshurst, 1931; West Kogarah, 1933-1934; Penshurst, 1935-1939; Beverley Hills, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 38, 1924, No ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); chief chemist (Lempriere &amp; Co) - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930; Penshurst, NSW, 1932; West Kogarah, NSW, 1933; Penshurst, NSW, 1935); metallurgist (Peakhurst, NSW, 1936-1972)

===''THYNNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thynne|Thynne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Joseph Thynne|Thynne, Andrew Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3H-T8K] - 1847(Irl)-1927(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1867, eventually Lieutenant-Colonel), profession (solicitor, Qld, 1873-1882), state politician (Qld MLC, Minister for Justice and Attorney General; Qld Postmaster-General, 1894-1897)

===''TIBBETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tibbett|Tibbett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Stephen Tibbett|Tibbett, Ernest Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQP-414] - 1915(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AEB Sydney (Waitara, 1936-1938); 2AEB Gunnedah (1947-1950); 2BCE Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1751, 1936, NSW; BOCP 248, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dairy hand (Canonbury Grove, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Waitara, NSW, 1937; Gunnedah, NSW, 1943-1953; Tamworth, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''TIERNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tierney|Tierney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent Edward Buckley Tierney|Tierney, Vincent Edward Buckley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZJ-GZK] - 1905(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AIT Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AVT Sydney (Guildford, 1948-1950; Edgecliff, 1954; Double Bay, 1955; Edgecliff, 1956-1958); 2OX Sydney (Edgecliff, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2018, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Edgecliff, NSW, 1935-1937); electrician (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949; Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972); retired (Kings Cross, NSW, 1977)

===''TILBROOK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clem David Lloyd Tilbrook|Tilbrook, Clem David Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-4PQ] - 1912(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5GL Adelaide (Brighton, 1933-1937; Camden, 1938-1939; Colonel Light Gardens, 1947-1965; Daw Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1210, 1933, SA; 2COCP 381, 1940; 1COCP 468, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camden, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Stewart Tiley|Tiley, Clement Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX94-584] - 1893(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XCT Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1937); school master (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954); educational (Mosman, NSW, 1958); teacher (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiller|Tiller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Eric Roy Tiller|Tiller, Walter Eric Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FZ-BXV] - 1893(NSW)-1945(SA) - Licences: 6CO Receive Perth (East Guildford, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mullewa, WA, 1916-1921); teacher (Exeter, SA, 1939-1941)

===''TILLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tillett|Tillett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Tillett|Tillett, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-J5K] - 1908(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 717, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (South Como, WA, 1931-1937); artist (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); departmental manager (South Perth, WA, 1958-1963)

===''TILNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tilney|Tilney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Edward Tilney|Tilney, Leslie Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPDS-4PK] - 1870(NSW)-1937(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 13, 1914 - early wireless experimenter (army); coastal wireless officer; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Applecross, WA, 1916-1917); soldier (Claremont, WA, 1917); commissioner (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1931); civil servant (Malvern, Vic, 1933-1936) - TroveTag: &quot;Leslie Edward Tilney&quot; (400+ tags) - Links: [https://www.anzac-biographies.com/2021/06/05/tilney-lieutenant-colonel-leslie-edward-dso-mid-vd/ Bio]

===''TILSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Howard Tilse|Tilse, Arthur Howarde &quot;Howard&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTK5-CS8] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4WO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939; South Brisbane, 1946-1948; Yeronga, 1954-1970) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 725, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 155, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Army Signals, RAAF); art dealer - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Yeronga, 1934-1937); RAAF wireless operator (West End, Townsville, 1943); radio operator (South Brisbane, 1949); art dealer (Yeronga, 1954-1972)
===''TIMMINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Timmins|Timmins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Timmins|Timmins, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-V4G] - 19??(???)-Living - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcast engineer (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA), senior federal public servant (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA) - Electoral Rolls: student (Yeronga, Qld, 1958); professional engineer (The Gap, Qld, 1968); engineer (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1972; Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Timmins|Timmins, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWM-CC9] - 1908(Qld)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKZ Sydney (Drummoyne, 1939); 2APY Stokers Siding (1954); 2APY Sydney (Lane Cove, 1955-1975; Gordon, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 11, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous FJT b.1888, d.1957 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1934); wireless operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1949); storekeeper (Stokers Siding, NSW, 1954; Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Gordon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TINKLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Tinkler|Tinkler, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF88-4GR] - 1915(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3ZV Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+); 3AZV Mobile Melbourne (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2019, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 960, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937); air force (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); manufacturer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949); engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TIPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Charles Tipping|Tipping, Edward Charles]] - 19??(???)-1968(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (WIQ, member, 1912), federal public servant (PMGD, clerk/accountant), military (Captain, Royal Engineers)
===''TIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiver|Tiver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. G. Tiver|Tiver, R. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Tanunda (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TOAKLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Toakley|Toakley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Tom Trippier Toakley|Toakley, Tom Trippier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW7-3DC] - 1896(Eng)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 2AFO Katoomba (1936-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1837, 1936, NSW; BOCP 530, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 5/56th Battalion, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''TODD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Todd|Todd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Hugh Todd|Todd, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-7SG] - 1919(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4HT Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937; Newmarket, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Red Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1639, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1954-1977) 

* [[/Charles Todd|Todd, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3X-PJ6] - 1826(Eng)-1910(SA) - senior state public servant (Government Electrician, Postmaster-General SA) - Links: [[w:Charles Todd (pioneer)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/todd-sir-charles-4727 ADB]

* [[/Lionel Victor Glen Todd|Todd, Lionel Victor Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5CG-Z68] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2CR Tamworth (1922-1935); 2LS Tamworth (1936-1938); 2LS Sydney (Denistone, 1939; West Ryde, 1957-1965; Denistone, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 132, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 282, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CR callsign withdrawn by PMG in 1935 for 2CR Orange (Blayney) ABC - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (West Tamworth, 1932-1937); assistant radio inspector (Eastwood, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2CR-2LS - Lionel Victor Glen Todd&quot;

* [[/Milton Buchanan Todd|Todd, Milton Buchanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-NQT] - 1892(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 63, 1915; 1COCP 81, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Thursday Island, 1916); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1930-1935); officer (Lewisham, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1937; Croydon, NSW, 1943; Townsville, 1949); senior radio officer (Townsville, 1954); radio officer (Kensington, NSW, 1958); retired (Blaxland, 1958)

* [[/Tom Arthur Todd|Todd, Tom Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD9C-7P5] - 1906(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2OT Receive Sydney (Eastwood, 1923); 2TT Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 984, 1928; 2COCP 50, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, 1930-1937); radio mechanic (Eastwood, 1943-1977)

===''TOMKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tomkins|Tomkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Sheppard Tomkins|Tomkins, Norman Sheppard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXZ-2LR] - 1907(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2NT Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1936; Northmead, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 435, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Redfern, NSW, 1932-1933; Parramatta, NSW, 1934-1935; Northmead, NSW, 1936-1949); police sergeant (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''TONGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Edward Tonge|Tonge, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-MNM] - 1895(Eng)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AR Brisbane (Taringa, 1933; Indooroopilly, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1149, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 54, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darra, 1931; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937); mechanic (Milton, 1943-1949); process worker (Indooroopilly, 1954)

===''TONGS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Melville Tongs|Tongs, Lawrence or Laurence Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9L-Y7N] - 1899(Tas)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 7BU Receive North Motton (1923); Receive North Motton (1923); 2ADB Finley (1937-1939); 7LT Devonport (1960-1969); 3ALV Melbourne (Parkville, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 687, 1922; 2COCP 421, 1941 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Finley, 1930-1935); radio dealer (1936-1949); farmer (Dandenong, 1954); radio technician (Devonport, 1972); retired (Parkville, 1977-1980)

===''TONKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Maxwell Tonkin|Tonkin, Arthur Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLL6-HT9] - 1915(WA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 6MZ Katanning (1935-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Salisbury, 1948); 5TI Clare (1975); 5MZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1525, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937) 

* [[/Stanley Gordon Tonkin|Tonkin, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DQ-2R1] - 1910(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2SG Albury (1929-1931); 2SG Sydney (Double Bay, 1933; Waverley, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, 1937); 2SG Goonellabah (1938-1939); 2SG Sydney (Epping, 1946-1955); 5SG Adelaide (Hampstead Gardens, 1956; Manningham, 1969; Glenunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 520, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 57, 1931; 2COCP 391, 1940; 1COCP 493, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Woolwich, 1932); engineer (Edgecliff, 1933); mechanic (Waverley, 1934); radio engineer (Newtown, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936; Goonellabah, 1937; Eastwood, 1943); radio technician (West Epping, 1949-1954)

===''TOPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Albert Topping|Topping, Francis Albert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJGB-HNS] - 1888(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XJAU Melbourne (Croxton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Wireless Signal School; 8th Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: coachmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1909); motor bodymaker (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1919; Preston, Vic, 1921-1968); motor builder (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C295830 AWM]

===''TORMEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tormey|Tormey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Tormey|Tormey, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-85X] - 1902(NSW)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 2ET Canberra (City, 1930-1934; Ainslie, 1935-1939, 1946-1955); 1ET Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 687, 1930, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Braddon, 1928-1930; Ainslie, 1935); bus driver (Ainslie, 1937); car driver (Ainslie, 1943-1980)

===''TORRINGTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Torrington|Torrington, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roger Noel Torrington|Torrington, Roger Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5B3-HQ2] - 1917(NSW)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Waverley, 1935-1936; Bondi, 1937-1939); 3TJ Melbourne (West Preston, 1947; Pascoe Vale South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1416, 1935, NSW; COCP2 185, 1938; COCP1 232, 1939; TVOCP 79, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon, Vic, 1942); technician (Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TOWNS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Towns|Towns, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Towns|Towns, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M754-H1R] - 1886(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 7, 1914 - ship wireless operator?; AWA employee; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1915-1917, discharged medically unfit - TB; 8th Division Signallers, Sergeant, 1915) - Comment: wireless operator AWA, 1915 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milsons Point, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Paddington, NSW, 1930); retired (Warringah, NSW, 1933)

===''TOWNSEND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Townsend|Townsend, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hewitt Jack Townsend|Townsend, Hewitt Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBMN-ZZ5] - 1920(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5HT Adelaide (Mile End, 1938-1939, 1947; North Glenelg, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2245, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mile End, SA, 1943)

===''TOZER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tozer|Tozer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Paul Joseph Tozer|Tozer, Paul Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-MDM] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3PN Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933; Elwood, 1937-1939); 3APT Melbourne (Tyabb , 1954-1955); 3AAQ Melbourne (Camberwell, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1156, 1933, Vic; COCP2 205, 1939; COCP1 370, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Melbourne, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937-1942); fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1949); orchardist (Tyabb, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963); postmaster (Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Henley Tozer|Tozer, Robert Henley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKM-CJ2] - 1909(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RT Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1931-1933; Alphington, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 749, 1931, Vic; BOCP 406, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield East,  Vic, 1931-1934); electrician (Alphington, Vic, 1936-1954); audiometerist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TRAEGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traeger|Traeger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Hermann Traeger|Traeger, Alfred Hermann or Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNJ-LRP] - 1895(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AX Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1926-1931; Corryton, 1933-1937; Marratville, 1938-1939); 8XT Portable Northern Territory (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 293, 1926, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; inventor (with 5BG) of the pedal wireless for the RFDS - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, 1930-1932); wireless engineer (Leabrook, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/traeger-alfred-hermann-8839 ADB]

===''TRAILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traill|Traill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland John Traill|Traill, Rowland John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2L3-Y4X] - 1909(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2XQ Quirindi (1933); 2XQ Maitland West (1934); 2XQ Walgett (1935); 2XQ Catherine Hill Bay (1936); 2XQ West Maitland (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2XQ Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1954-1965; Hamilton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1167, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Catherine Hill Bay, NSW, 1930-1943; West Maitland, NSW, 1949; Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendent (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''TRAYNOR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Philip Byron Traynor|Traynor, Philip Byron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-LCT] - 1900(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 224, 1925, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 353, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mile End, 1939); federal public servant (Glandore, 1941); inspector (Torrens Park, 1943)

===''TREBILCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric William Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Eric William]] - 1911(???)-1989(SA) - BERS195 (1933+), amateur listener

* [[/Richard Ernest Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Richard Ernest &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2NP-123] - 1880(Vic)-1976(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3TL Kerang (1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1381, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Captain, Military Cross, 1916-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Leopold, Vic, 1905; Kerang, Vic, 1909-1972) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10681660 AWM]; [https://gnet.tgc.vic.edu.au/wiki/TREBILCOCK-Richard-Ernest-MC-1880-1976.ashx Geelong College]; [https://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-38/t1-g-t3.html SLV]

===''TREDREA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Aloysius Trevithick Tredrea|Tredrea, Frederick Aloysius Trevithick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MC1W-M7C] - 1900(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6FT Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1929-1931; South Perth, 1933); 6FT Northam (1937); 6FT Perth (South Perth, 1938-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 512, 1929, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 156, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, 1925); radio operator (Northam, 1936); broadcast engineer (South Perth, 1937-1958)

===''TREGEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregear|Tregear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Tregear|Tregear, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8R-D9F] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XNH Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914); 3TR Melbourne (Hawthorn 1927); 3TX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1931-1938); 2TS Sydney (Artarmon, 1939); 3TX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Ashburton, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 62, 1935 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3TR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3TR Traralgon commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kensington, Vic, 1917-1922; Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); civil servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''TREGURTHA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Clinton Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Frank Clinton or Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G527-SRR] - 1911(Qld)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Sydney (Carlton, 1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; Kirribilli, 1938; Kogarah Bay, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 24, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RN &amp; RAN, Warrant Telegraphist, 1929-1949) - Electoral Rolls: Naval officer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C251801 AWM Autobiography]

===''TREHARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treharne|Treharne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne|Treharne, Elgar Dennis Llewellyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-X9R] - 1914(NSW)-1997(SA) - Licences: 2AFQ Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 3AFQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1947); 5ED Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1956; St Peters, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1852, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2BM-5QT Herbert Fredrind Treharne and brother of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/Herbert Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Herbert Fredrind &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F8-6ZN] - 1883(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 2BM Sydney (Burwood, 1947-1958); 5QT Adelaide (St Peters, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 140, 1947, NSW, age 60) - amateur operator - Relationships: Father of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne and 2AFQ-3AFQ-5ED Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1954); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2BM-5QT - Herbert Fredrind Treharne&quot;

* [[/Ross Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Ross Fredrind]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-DJD] - 1919(NSW)-1982(SA) - Licences: 2IQ Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1947); 5IQ Adelaide (Plympton, 1954-1955; Clearview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1513, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of Fred 2BM/5QT and brother of Elgar 2AFQ/5?? - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1943)

===''TRELIVING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Benjamin Victor Treliving|Treliving, Dudley Benjamin Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2D7-B6C] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923); 6DT Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 992, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Cottesloe, WA, 1936-1937); engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943)

===''TRELOAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treloar|Treloar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Treloar|Treloar, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMJ-379] - 1906(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JT Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1933; Melville, 1937; Beaconsfield, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 790, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1943); tally clerk (Bicton, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Herbert Ross Treloar|Treloar, William Herbert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-GHC] - 1922(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3ABC Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1947-1956); 2BPZ Sydney (Woollahra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2421, 1939, Vic; COCP1 433, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (The Righi, Vic, 1949-1954); flight service officer (Dover Heights, NSW, 1963); communications officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''TRESIDDER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Laurence Tresidder|Tresidder, William Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PT-SQ7] - 1904(WA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Bendigo (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Bendigo, 1927-1942); radio (Kangaroo Flat, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Bendigo, 1963-1980)

===''TREW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trew|Trew, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Stanley Trew|Trew, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCB6-GW4] - 1902(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6RS Harvey (1933-1937); 6RS Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1938-1939); 6RP Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1189, 1933, WA; 2COCP 382, 1940; 1COCP 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant postal department (York, WA, 1925); postal assistant (York, WA, 1926); postal employee (Harvey, WA, 1931-1937); postal clerk (Leederville, WA, 1937-1943); PMG (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); radio monitor (Joondanna Heights, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TREZISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trezise|Trezise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Trezise|Trezise, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXX-38H] - 1902(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AMX Broken Hill (1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2337, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''TRICKETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trickett|Trickett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Francis Trickett|Trickett, William James Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-784] - 1898(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 242 Sydney (Auburn, 1920) (recorded as DJ Trickett, likely typo); 2BT Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 15th Reinfs, 2nd Signal Troop, 1916; transferred Wireless Anzac Signal Sqdn 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937; Manly, NSW, 1943); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (North Sydney, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''TRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trim|Trim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Trim|Trim, Sydney (Electoral Rolls) or Sidney (BDM)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL7D-NLM] - 1880(Vic)-1960(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 179; 2COCP 178, 1930; 1COCP 105, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1913; West Perth, WA, 1913-1914); &quot;radio station&quot; (Wyndham, WA, 1914-1917); farmer (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Applecross, WA, 1937-1958)

===''TRIPP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tripp|Tripp, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Tripp|Tripp, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG7N-LLD] - 1881(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XEZ Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914); 2UC Receive Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923); 1492 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic &amp; blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1930); garage proprietor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''TROTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement Ford Trott|Trott, Clement Ford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGY-XPN] - 1907(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CS McLaren Vale (1928-1929); 5CF McLaren Vale (1930-1931); 5CF Willunga (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 454, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (McLaren Flat, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Troy|Troy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Rusel Troy|Troy, Thomas Rusel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKG-MKH] - 1898(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2SH Receive West Maitland (1923); 2SH West Maitland (1924-1925); 2TY West Maitland (1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 208, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postman (West Maitland, NSW, 1930-1949); postal officer (Maitland, NSW, 1954); postal clerk (Maitland, NSW, 1958)

===''TRUDGEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maxwell Wallis Trudgen|Trudgen, Maxwell Wallis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3H-XYH] - 1907(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (East Adelaide, 1926); 5HS Adelaide (Fullarton, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 247, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, 1939-1941); mechanical engineer (Sydney, 1943-1954); engineer (Little Bay, 1958-1968)
===''TRUMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Truman|Truman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Paul Truman|Truman, Raymond Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1V-P74] - 1914(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2KA Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1934); 2NV Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1935-1937; Killara, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 723, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: eg 2KA amateur callsign likely withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KA Katoomba commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1937); accountant (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1958; Killara, NSW, 1963); chartered accountant (Northbridge, NSW, 1968); accountant (Castle Cove, NSW, 1972-1977; Bayview, NSW, 1980)

===''TRUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trumble|Trumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Compson Trumble|Trumble, Hugh Compson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7F-JXP] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XMQ Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1916-1927); physician (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1928); medical practitioner (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); not stated (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/trumble-hugh-compson-11884 ADB]

===''TRUNFULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trunfull|Trunfull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Leonard Trunfull|Trunfull, Richard Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBL-K7B] - 1906(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6RT South Greenough (1932-1933); 6RT Peel Estate (1937); 6RT Roebourne (1938-1939); 6RT Dangin (1947-1948); 6RT Nungarin (1954); 6RT Narembeen (1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 924, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (South Greenough, WA, 1931; Baldavis, WA, 1936; Dangin, WA, 1943-1949; Nungarin, WA, 1954; Narembeen, WA, 1958)

===''TRYTHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trythall|Trythall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Munckton Trythall|Trythall, Geoffrey Munckton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5J-X88] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3DA Melbourne (Melbourne City, 1947; Caulfield, 1948; East Ivanhoe, 1954-1965; Brighton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2148, 1938, Vic; COCP3 5000, 1964 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954-1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TUMBRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Henry Tumbridge|Tumbridge, Stanley Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM12-M1C] - 1899(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4ST Ipswich (1932-1933); 4ST Stanthorpe (1937-1939); 4ST Broadwater, 1947-1948; 4ST Brisbane (Woody Point, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 986, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Woodend, Qld, 1921); teacher (Murgon, Qld, 1925); school teacher (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1936-1937; Broadwater, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Margate, Qld, 1949-1954; Woody Point, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''TUNNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tunny|Tunny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Terence Gilbert Tunny|Tunny, Terence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7VF-NWH] - 1900(Qld)-1952(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1499, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: night officer (Bundaberg, Qld, 1925-1937); acting station master (Laidley, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''TURNBULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Edward Turnbull|Turnbull, Norman Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TP-7K8] - 1900(WA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 6NO Narrogin (1928); 6NO Perth (City, 1930; Subiaco, 1931; Shenton Park, 1937-1939); 3AXX Melbourne (Armadale, 1954; Carrum, 1955; Parkdale, 1956; Cheltenham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 430, 1928, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1120, 1928; 1COCP 185, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Bunbury, 1922; Busselton, 1925; Narrogin, 1925; Subiaco, 1931); radio inspector (Subiaco, 1934-1936); civil servant (East Perth, 1937); engineer (Armadale, 1954); clerk (Sandringham, 1958); manager (Sandringham, 1963-1968; Cheltenham, 1972); retired (Cheltenham, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert William Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert William or Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1S-GP4]  - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RO Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1938; Northbridge, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 317, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''TURNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turner|Turner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Reginald Turner|Turner, Edward Arthur Reginald &quot;Rex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT9-JD5] - 1910(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CW Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1925); 5SA Adelaide (Leabrook, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 272, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butter maker (Gawler, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Alfred Turner|Turner, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-XZ9] - 1913(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Maryborough (1937-1939); 3GN Ararat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1998, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maryborough, Vic, 1937); cinematograph operator (Ararat, Vic, 1943-1967); cinema operator (Ararat, Vic, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Haswell Elliott Alfred Turner|Turner, Haswell Elliott Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQG-8TG] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Sydney (Mosman, 1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 127, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer, military - Comment: likely related to XACW E. Turner, Jnr

* [[/Leonard James Turner|Turner or Wolfe, Leonard James or Leslie Adolphus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTW2-TGX] - 1898(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AJB Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1947); 2AJB Muswellbrook (1948); 2AJB Coffs Harbour (1950); 2LR Kyogle (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2407, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Ralph Robinson Turner|Turner, Ralph Robinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2D-S51] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5TR Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1935-1937; Dulwich, 1938-1939; Linden Park, 1947-1969; Echunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1444, 1935, SA; BOCP 66, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dulwich, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Robert John Blackwell Turner|Turner, Robert John Blackwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62T-FP7] - 1884(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2RT Goulburn (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 55, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''TUSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tuson|Tuson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Tuson|Tuson, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SR-BQG] - 1895(Eng)-1978(???) - Licences: XAEG North Coast (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 65, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied 1915); started Coffs Harbour Scouts 1909 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (1915, application to enlist WW1); technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1936); technician (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1963; Woy Woy, NSW, 1968-1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977) - Links: [https://www.otva.com/newsltrarch/79APR.PDF OTVA Obit]

===''TUTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kerr Tutton|Tutton, John Kerr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-7X8] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 956, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''TWEEDLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/P. Tweedle|Tweedle, P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DM Receive Brisbane (Albion, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''TWYCROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Twycross|Twycross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Kemp Twycross|Twycross, James Kemp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDM-1WN] - 1892(Vic)-1959(WA) - Licences: XMJ Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1913-1914); 9AW Rabaul, NG (1937-1939); 6JT Boya (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 198, 1916; 2COCP 187, 1930; 1COCP 187, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1913; Abbotsford, Vic, 1914; Kew, Vic, 1914-1919); 1920s &amp; 1930s New Guinea; public servant (Boya, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TYAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Robert Wilson Tyas|Tyas, Norman Robert Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHC-SK6] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4TY Gracemere (1932-1934); 4TY Kingaroy (1935-1939); 4TY Brisbane (Manly, 1946-1948); 4TY Boonah (1954); 4TY Wallangarra (1955-1956); 4TY Warwick (1960); Brisbane (Manly, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1059, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); state public servant (state school principal) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Kingaroy, Qld, 1936-1943; Brookstead, Qld, 1949; Mt Alford, Qld, 1954); teacher (Wallangarra, Qld, 1958); school teacher (Warwick, Qld, 1963; Manly, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''TYMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tymms|Tymms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Tymms|Tymms, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-R2D] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 84, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Geraldton, 1922; Como, 1925); not stated (Broome, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Townsville, 1954)

===''TYRER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tyrer|Tyrer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Y. Tyrer|Tyrer, F. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGY Sydney (Toongabbie, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''U'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''UMBACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ricky Charles Umback|Umback, Ricky Charles]] - early wireless historian (Ph.D. Thesis, 2016, &quot;Constituting Australia's International Wireless Service: 1901-1922&quot;) [https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/142647/1/Umback%20Thesis%202018.pdf]
===''UNDERWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Henry Underwood|Underwood, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-1XZ] - 1875(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Newstead, Qld, 1913-1915; Clayfield, Qld, 1916-1943); no occupation (Albion, Qld, 1943; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949)

===''UNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Unger|Unger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Herbert Unger|Unger, Alan Herbert]] - Living - Licences: 2YRS Alectown (1980+) - Qualifications: BOCP; AOLCP - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 2UJ Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger|Unger, Herbert Wilhelm Carl or Herbert William Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3K-BNB] - 1910(Vic)-2012(NSW, 101yo) - Licences: 2UJ Alectown (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1108, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2YRS Alan Herbert Unger - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Alectown, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''UNWIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John James Unwin|Unwin, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-SKZ] - 1908(Eng)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CB Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937); engineer (North Perth, WA, 1943-1954); assistant manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1963); manager (Hopetoun, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Albany, WA, 1977-1980)

===''URQUHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. M. Urquhart|Urquhart, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAB Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Malcolm Stewart Urquhart|Urquhart, Malcolm Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXT-5C3] - 1905(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1925-1939); 6MU Merredin (1946-1960); 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 116, 1925, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 27, 1936; AOLCP 158, 1934; 2COCP 85, 1937; 1COCP 126, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clerk (1931); broadcast technician (6MD, 1958); WW2 (1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Cottesloe, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast technician (Merredin, WA, 1943-1963)

===''UTHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Arthvael Uther|Uther, Gordon Arthvael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CH-34J] - 1885(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XIK Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;XIK - Gordon Arthvael Uther&quot; - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/uther-gordon-arthvael-14573 Obit]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11035570 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''V'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''VALE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vale|Vale, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay Harold Vale|Vale, Lindsay Harold &quot;Tubby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-858] - 1916(Vic)-1977(SA) - Licences: 3MK Mildura (1937-1938); 2AER Wentworth (1937); 2ANN Tathra (1946); 2ANN (North Bega, 1947); 2ANN Yowie Bay (1950); 2MR Sydney (Miranda, 1948); 5NO Adelaide (Elizabeth, 1960); 5NO Gawler East (1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1247, 1934, Vic; BOCP 54, 1936; AOCP1 41, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943); electrician (North Bega, NSW, 1949); engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1954; Eldo Tracking Station, Gove, NT, 1968)

===''VALENTINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Valentine|Valentine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Keith Valentine|Valentine, Lionel Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZVK] - 1916(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7KV Hobart (Bellerive, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1148, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellerive, Tas, 1937; Acton, ACT, 1949); public servant (Hobart West, Tas, 1958)

===''VAN COUTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Robert Josephus Van Cooth|Van Cooth, John Robert Josephus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GN-6ZP] - 1908(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda West, 1931)

===''VARDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vardon|Vardon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Edwin Vardon|Vardon, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-VPR] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923-1924); 5OM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 329, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Malvern, 1941-1943)

===''VARNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Varnes|Varnes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Hollier Varnes|Varnes, Harold Hollier &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L25S-L4Y] - 1911(Eng)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1933); 2ABB Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2ABB Newcastle (1938); 4GW West Bundaberg (1954-1960); 4HY Toowoomba (1975); 4HY Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 210, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naremburn, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1937); radio operator (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949); communication officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1949; Bundaberg, Qld, 1958-1969); public servant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''VAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vaughan|Vaughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edward Vaughan|Vaughan (also known as Hearps, change of name), David Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-HG5] - 1901(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FY Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1975); 2ADY Sydney (Lakemba, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 665, 1930, NSW (Hearps); AOCP 1003, 1932, NSW (Vaughan) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1937); machinist (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''VEALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Pax Veall|Veall, Reginald Pax]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-GR6] - 1918(Vic)-1942(NT) - Licences: 3PV Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2050, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 274, 1939; 1COCP 375, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Wireless Officer, MV Neptuna) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet found - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/47368 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034385 AWM]; [http://www.ntlexhibit.nt.gov.au/exhibits/show/bod/roh/veall NTL Exhibition] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''VEARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Elwyn Thomas Vears|Vears, Elwyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHS1-C67] - 1901(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2BM Leura (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Strathfield, 1930-1937; Burwood, 1943-1958)

===''VERNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vernon|Vernon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Vernon|Vernon, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88V-18Z] - 1901(WA)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6KZ Albany (1930-1931); 6KZ Perth (Fremantle, 1933-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1947); 6KZ Perth (Guildford, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 566, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Forts, Albany, 1922-1931; Fremantle, 1936-1937; 9AAD, Guildford, 1949-1954); retired (Wagin, 1958; Morley, 1963)

===''VESPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vesper|Vesper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Vesper|Vesper, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPW-HSP] - 1913(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2PV Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1230, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1963)

===''VICKARY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Mervyn Vickary|Vickary, Reginald Mervyn &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-CLP] - 1909(NSW)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RV Cunnamulla (1930-1933); 4RV Warwick (1936-1939); 4VX Brisbane (Gordon Park, 1965; The Grange, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 702, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Cunnamulla, 1931); radio dealer (Warwick, 1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); shopkeeper (Toowoomba, 1949; Ekibin, 1954; Chermside, 1963; Grange, 1968-1972)
===''VICKERY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth James Vickery|Vickery, Kenneth James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQP-WMQ] - 1893(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 2RA Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Hurlstone Park, 1930-1933); electrician (West Ryde, 1935; Parkes, 1936; Uralla, 1943); farmer (North Richmond, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2RA - Kenneth James Vickery&quot;

===''VINCENT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Vincent|Vincent, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-7S8] - 1906(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DL Receive Kalgoorlie (1923-1924); 6VK Kalgoorlie (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 59, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1931-1937); manufacturer (South Perth, WA, 1949-1963; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''VINING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vining|Vining, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Edward Vining|Vining, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR1-NLT] - 1906(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4WE Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 277, 1926, No. 22 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Nundah, 1928-1931); motor driver (Mitchelton, 1934; Gaythorne, 1936); mechanic (Gayndah, 1943); telephone mechanic (Enoggera, 1949-1963); telephone technician (Enoggera, 1968-1977)

===''VINNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vinning|Vinning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Alfred Vinning|Vinning, Howard Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVF-SHD] - 1919(Vic)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 3VG Sale (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 9VG Lae, PNG (1960); 1VG Canberra (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2131, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Sale, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''VIPAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alton Frederick Vipan|Vipan, Alton Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCF-MTG] - 1890(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHV Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - ship wireless operator; early wireless experimenter; AWA (Koo-we-rup, 1922); merchant marine (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933; Bronte, NSW, 1934; Rose Bay, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1935-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XHV - Alton Frederick Vipan&quot;

===''VOIGT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Emil Robert Voigt|Voigt, Emil Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-VV2] - 1883(Eng)-1973(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - 2KY Sydney, broadcast station manager; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, NSW Labor wireless committee) - Relationships: father of Rion Osborne Voigt; grandfather of Robin Voigt - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Dee Why, 1930-1934); manager (Dee Why, 1935; Narrabeen, 1936)  - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/voigt-emil-robert-8930 ADB]; [[w:Emil_Voigt_(athlete)|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.radioheritage.com/story70/ RHF]
* [[/Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt|Voigt, Rion Osborne Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-L1V] - 1915(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - broadcast industry executive, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Narrabeen, 1937; Turramurra, 1963-1980) - Relationships: son of Emil Robert Voigt; father of Robin Voigt
* [[/Robin Voigt|Voigt, Robin]] - historian (Emil Robert Voigt; 2KY) - Relationships: grandson of Emil Robert Voigt; son of Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt
===''VOLKERTS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Volkerts|Volkerts, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYC-H1H] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAEF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Leichhardt, NSW, 1933-1937); electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEF - Arthur Ernest Volkerts&quot;

===''VOLKMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Henry Oxford Volkman|Volkman, Reginald Henry Oxford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4CV-7PH] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Grafton (1924-1925); 2RY Scone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Woollahra, 1930-1933)

===''VOWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vowles|Vowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rupert Taylor Vowles|Vowles, Rupert Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYT-FLF] - 1894(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIZ Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2AW Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2XZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 562, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Concord, 1930-1972)

===''VOYSEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Voysey|Voysey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Jack Voysey|Voysey, Albert Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFNX-XPC] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XW Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1938; Bankstown, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 942, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1972); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1977-1980)

=='''W'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''WACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wackel|Wackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Wackel|Wackel, John Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Surname likely misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WADDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddell|Waddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivon Edward Waddell|Waddell, Ivon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-H3S] - 1909(WA)-1943(Thailand/Singapore) - Licences: 6WX Albany (1929-1930); 6WX Katanning (1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 561, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Katanning, 1936; South Perth, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10298089 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WADDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddle|Waddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Esmond Matthew Waddle|Waddle, Esmond Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNR-JLR] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 2UU Nimbin (1932-1939); 4GZ Charters Towers (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 899, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Greenslopes, Qld, 1928-1934; Nimbin, NSW, 1934-1937); pharmacist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943-1949); pharmaceutical chemist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''WADDY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard William Mackie Waddy|Waddy, Richard William Mackie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB62-5RP] - 1848(SA)-1933(SA) - senior state public servant (SA Post &amp; Telegraphs Dept), senior federal public servant (Deputy Postmaster-General SA)
===''WADHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadham|Wadham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Wadham|Wadham, Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZC-SBQ] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5KW Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Helmsdale, 1928; Da Costa Park, 1931; Glenelg, 1933; Adelaide, 1937; Glenelg, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 23, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WIA SA (Councillor 1931; Hon. Treasurer, 1931); National Radio Corp (manager, 1938); Holdfast Bay Yacht Club (Vice-commodore, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Helmsdale, SA, 1939-1941; Da Costa Park, SA, 1943)

===''WADSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadsley|Wadsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Wadsley|Wadsley, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2F4-X3J] - 1916(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3YI Melbourne (Middle Park, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2324, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Albert Park, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''WAHL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Fripp Wahl|Wahl, Alan Fripp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMB-TD4] - 1918(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6JB Perth (Leederville, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Dianella, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2101, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Leederville, WA, 1943-1958); clerk (Dianella, WA, 1963-1980)
===''WAIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Harris Wain|Wain, Alexander Harris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6Z-W8G] - 1891(Vic)-1922(Vic) - Licences: XPG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1916; Brighton, Vic, 1917; Caulfield East, Vic, 1919; Wonthaggi, Vic, 1919); stationmaster (Tynong, Vic, 1921); clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1922)

===''WALCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walch|Walch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Crosby Walch|Walch, Alan Crosby or Crosby Alan or Crosby Allan (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQC7-GSS] - 1907(NSW)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7BI Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923-1925); 7CW Hobart (Bellerive, 1926-1927; Battery Point, 1931-1933; City, 1937; Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 231, 1926, Tas; BOCP 1, 1936; 1AOCP 16, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Hobart South, 1936-1954)

===''WALDOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waldock|Waldock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alexander Waldock|Waldock, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RY-7SD] - 1915(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2QU Lithgow (1935-1939); 2QU Sydney (Cremorne, 1946); 2QU Lithgow (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1423, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mine wheeler (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937); fitter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lithgow, NSW, 1949); electrical fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1954-1968); fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WALDRON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Gerard Waldron|Waldron, Francis Gerard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WALES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Howard James Wales|Wales, Howard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G9-VDK] - 1885(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XOA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: painter &amp; decorator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1908); collector (Elsternwick, Vic, 1909-1919); purser (Elsternwick, Vic, 1922-1931); collector (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1937)

===''WALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walker|Walker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Charles Walker|Walker, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFY-L2V] - 1898(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 699, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: newspaper carrier (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934-1937); carrier (Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1972)

* [[/Charles Welsh Walker|Walker, Charles Welsh &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFR-19W] - 1899(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4CU Receive Clifton (1923); 4CU Clifton (1924-1960); 4DQ Portable Clifton (1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 10, 1924, No. 2 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; motor mechanic; Walker's Radio Service (proprietor, 1930s-1950s) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Clifton, Qld, 1921-1958)

* [[/Frank Wellesley Walker|Walker, Frank Wellesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1M5-FN5] - 1917(Vic)-2008(Vic)90yo - Licences: 3AEV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 3EV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1955; Nunawading, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2170, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Charles Walker|Walker, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-W8Y] - 1919(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7XR Deloraine (1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2248, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Deloraine, Tas, 1949; Devonport, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Louis Edward Walker|Walker, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSWB-L81] - 1864(Eng)-1934(At Sea) - Oversight of the 1906 Bass Strait link for Marconi Wireless Telegraphy Co

* [[/Philip Billingsley Walker|Walker, Phillip Billingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MNF3-P9W] - 1840(Eng)-1900(NSW) - early wireless experimenter, employment (NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendent of Telegraphs, Chief Electrician) - Links: [[w:Philip Billingsley Walker|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Robert Rowan Walker|Walker, Robert Rowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKT4-FLG] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF); author &quot;The Magic Spark, 50 Years of Radio in Australia&quot; - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Coburg, Vic, 1937); advertising (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954); company director (Richmond, Vic, 1963-1968); director (Richmond, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/2119721 NLA Bio Cuttings]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/1214534 NLA Book Catalogue]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/History/The-Magic-Spark-1973-Walker.pdf WRH Magic Spark Scan]

* [[/Ronald Gregory Walker|Walker, Ronald Gregory &quot;Gregory&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRP-GC6] - 1907(NSW)-1929(At Sea) - Licences: 7BT Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; journalist (Hobart &quot;Mercury&quot;); film maker - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1928) - Links: [http://www.seafarersmemorial.org.au/memorials/walker_g.php Seafarer's Memorial]

* [[/William Spencer Walker|Walker, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCF4-R77] - 1911(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5WW Adelaide (Alberton, 1934-1939; West Croydon, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1305, 1934, SA; BOCP 444, 1942; TVOCP 274, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939); mechanic (West Croydon, SA, 1941-1943)

===''WALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wall|Wall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William Burgess Wall|Wall, John William Burgess]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBM8-6FB] - 1899(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3QS Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2036, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1980)

* [[/Joseph Hart Wall|Wall, Joseph Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-GH6] - 1904(South Africa)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JC Macksville (1934-1936); 2JC Narrabri (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1406, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental student (San Souci, NSW, 1930-1931); dental practitioner (Macksville, NSW, 1933-1936); dentist (Narrabri, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Narrabri, NSW, 1963); retired (Narrabri, NSW, 1968)

===''WALLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wallace|Wallace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. W. Wallace|Wallace, C. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CP Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot; - See Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;

* Wallace, Florence Violet  (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/John Gordon Wallace|Wallace, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CH-ZHY] - 1921(Vic)-2012(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3VV Bendigo (White Hills, 1947-1965; Kennington, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2331, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (White Hills, Vic, 1949; Bendigo, Vic, 1954); assistant (Bendigo, Vic, 1967); technician (Kennington, Vic, 1972); teacher (Crrke, Vic, 1980)

* [[/John Walter Wallace|Wallace, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJ5-KC9] - 1881(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2LG Goulburn (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balmain, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Ronald Ian Gordon Wallace|Wallace, Ronald Ian Gordon]] - 1910(???)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2IW Robertson (1934-1936); 2IW Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1937); 2IW Robertson (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wallace-sir-robert-strachan-8962 ADB]

* [[/W. H. Wallace|Wallace, W. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CS Receive Mundaring Weir (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WALLBRIDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alwyn Leonard Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Alwyn Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHR-K7V] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2UI Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1935-1939; Tighes Hill, 1946-1947; Nelson's Bay, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1561, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mayfield, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); fisherman (Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1949-1958; Fingal Bay, NSW, 1963-1977; Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1980)
* [[/Leslie Walter Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Leslie Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMT-HKZ] - 1910(Eng)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5UX Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1930-1937); 5UX Peterborough (1938-1939); 5UX Kadina (1947-1948); 5UX Cook (1954-1955); 5UX Saddleworth (1956); 5UX Hawker (1960); 8UX Alice Springs (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 712, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Peterborough, SA, 1939-1941; Rendelsham, SA, 1943; Alice Springs, NT, 1963)

===''WALLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles Wallis|Wallis, John Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JW Longford (1932-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 893, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnie, 1928; Longford, 1936-1937)
* Wallace, Florence Violet (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

===''WALSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walsh|Walsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Dunbar Walsh|Walsh, Harold Dunbar &quot;Cordite&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W3-CT7] - 1903(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4HW Brisbane (Hamilton, 1925-1931; Rocklea, 1946-1947)); 4WN Brisbane (Hamilton, 1927, dealer) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 133, 1925, No 14 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); solicitor; pilot - Comment: Tragic end to a productive life - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1925-1937); airline pilot (Moorooka, 1949)

* [[/John Dallas Walsh|Walsh, John Dallas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Y-B6X] - 1902(NSW)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6AT Receive Tutunup via Busselton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gooseberry Hill, WA, 1925; Ross Brook via Busselton, WA, 1925; South Cunderin, WA, 1931; Caron, WA, 1936-1937; Helena Valley, WA, 1943; Kellerberrin, WA, 1954); headmaster (Margaret River, WA, 1954); school teacher (Nannup, WA, 1958); teacher (Brunswick Junction, WA, 1963; Engadine, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''WALTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walter|Walter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Trevor Walter|Walter, Ernest Trevor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNZ-88T] - 1919(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 2AEE Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1954); 5EE Adelaide (Prospect, 1955-1956; Hampstead Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1898, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1943); technical officer (Burwood, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WALTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walters|Walters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Allan Walters|Walters, Charles Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-LBY] - 1910(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3CW Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; Heidelburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 524, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1931-1936; Heidelberg, 1937; Brunswick, 1942)

* [[/Gerald Wills Walters|Walters, Gerald (Wills or Willis or blank)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7Y-1HZ] - 1886(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 108, 1915; 2COCP 157, 1930; 1COCP 129, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Currie, King Island, Tas, 1919; Darwin, NT, 1922); radio telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1928); wireless officer (Radio Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1936-1937); wireless (Gladesville, NSW, 1943); wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Albert Walters|Walters, Joseph Albert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALW Inverell - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2275, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Laurence Gordon Walters|Walters, Laurence Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-DBC] - 1923(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 2ALW Sydney (North Bondi, 1947-1950); 2ALW Cowra (1950); 3CN Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1956-1965; Hawthorn, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 137, 1947, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Likely relation of 2ALW Joseph Albert Walters - Electoral Rolls: student (Bondi North, NSW, 1949); chemist (Moorabbin, Vic, 1963); fuel technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963); fuel technologist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''WALZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walz|Walz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edwyn Walz|Walz, Arthur Edwyn or Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM9T-LB3] - 1908(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4AW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939; Wavell Heights, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 287, 1926, No. 26 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; plumber; radio repair business - Relationships: son of Conrad August Walz - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Nundah, 1934-1943); radio engineer (Wavell Heights, 1949-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4AW - Arthur Edwyn Walz&quot;

* [[/Conrad August Walz|Walz, Conrad August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRGZ-QF3] - 1882(Qld)-1951(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), plumber, farmer, father of 4AW Arthur Edwyn Walz

===''WARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ward|Ward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold David Ward|Ward, Harold David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP9-ZM9] - 1918(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Clayton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1646, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1949); radio (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); radio trade (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Joyce Alice Ward|Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLQZ-JNW] - 1918(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: 2MI Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2595, 1948, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3EA-2DU-2LQ Dudley Robert Millen - Electoral Rolls: stenographer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Hornsby, NSW, 1980)

===''WARDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Arthur Warden|Warden, Herbert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMR-SQT] - 1886(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: XGQ Narrabri (1913-1914); 2BG Receive Mungindi (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Coogee, NSW, 1930); teacher (Lindfield, NSW, 1930; Radwick North, NSW, 1931-1933; Woollahra, 1935-1937); schoolteacher (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''WARDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardle|Wardle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney William Lumley Wardle|Wardle, Sidney William Lumley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-QFL] - 1911(Eng)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Woodford Leigh (1930-1935); 2OU Armidale (1936-1937); 2OU Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939); 5OU Adelaide (Lockleys, 1946-1954); 2DID Berridale (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 610, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Woodford Leigh, 1934-1935); technician (Bondi North, 1937; Woollahra, 1943); retired (Berridale, 1980)

===''WARDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardley|Wardley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Wardley|Wardley, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DL-SKV] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1947-1975; Elsternwick, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2270, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1158, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1972); technician (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977; Elsternwick, Vic, 1980)

===''WARING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Clarke Waring|Waring, Cecil Clarke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQW4-V9F] - 1904(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CU Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1924); 3YW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1929-1931; Canterbury, 1933; Kew, 1937); 3YW Rupanyup (1938-1939); 3YW Stawell (1946-1948); 3YW Warrnambool (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 549, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, 1925-1928; Kew, 1931-1937; Stawell, 1942-1949; Warrnambool, 1954-1977)

===''WARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warne|Warne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Leslie George Warne|Warne, Maurice Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSP-LHY] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Croydon, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 300, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Campsie, 1931-1934); radio mechanic (Campsie, 1936-1937); radio sales (Kogarah, 1943-1963); radio &amp; TV technician (Arncliffe, 1968)

===''WARNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warner|Warner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Albert Warner|Warner, Geoffrey Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-6NR] - 1914(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2CK Wyong (1930-1937); 2FB Wyong (1938-1939); 3ABW Fiskville (1947); 9GW Port Moresby (1948-1954); 2AVW Bringelly (1955-1958); 2CK Bringelly (1960-1969); 6EG Bassendean (1975); 2HJ Camden (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 710, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 60, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Rockbank, Vic, 1942); technician (OTC Bringelly, 1958-1963); manager (Bassendean, 1977; Camden South, 1980) - callsign may have been withdrawn for 2CK Cessnock commercial (later restored)

===''WARNOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warnock|Warnock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Bernard Warnock|Warnock, Neil Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ8-58G] - 1944(Vic)-2019(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WARREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warren|Warren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Cortlandt Warren|Warren, John Cortlandt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKY-KJS] - 1913(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2QX Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1937; Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1220, 1933, NSW; COCP1 577, 1942; TVOCP 473, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1937); sheet metal worker (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Lugarno, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Theodore Frederick Warren|Warren, Theodore Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WL-7Q2] - 1914(NSW)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1934); 2LY Griffith (1935); 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1936); 9LO Port Moresby (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1169, 1933, NSW; AOCP2 220, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1937); mechanic (PMGD, Chatswood, NSW, 1943); retired (Cooktown, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WATERHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/A. G. Waterhouse|Waterhouse, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XVV Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WATERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George James Waters|Waters, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X9-S46] - 1902(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3EX Receive Melbourne (Heathcote, 1922); 3XA Melbourne (East Prahran, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 608, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as yet - Comment: Passed too soon

* [[/James Alfred Waters|Waters, James Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JA Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1685, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Queensborough, 1936); teacher (Ringarooma, 1937); schoolteacher (Queensborough, 1943-1954)

* [[/Leslie Waters|Waters, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85N-TZB] - 1882(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Innisfail (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Randell Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Innisfail, 1919-1943); radio dealer (Innisfail, 1949) - Trovetag: &quot;4AC - Leslie Waters&quot;

* [[/Maurice Hamilton Harwood Waters|Waters, Maurice Hamilton Harwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSS-D6W] - 1918(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Camberwell, 1954-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2033, 1937, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1967-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WATERWORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lindsay Carmel Waterworth|Waterworth, Lindsay Carmel &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YY-6M6] - 1892(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Rockhampton (1935-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1526, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Charleville, Qld, 1921); telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1968)

===''WATKINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Paul Watkins|Watkins, Andrew Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-RHP] - 1914(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 6AW Perth (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1805, 1936, WA; BOCP 269, 1939; 1COCP 842, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Boulder, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954; Chullora, NSW, 1958-1963)
* [[/William Trevor Watkins|Watkins, William Trevor &quot;Trevor&quot;, &quot;Watty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKG-J4V] - 1899(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: T336 Hobart (1920-1921); 7AA Hobart (1922-1925); 7DX Hobart (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 107, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: PMGD withdrew 7AA callsign for their own use, electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1922), wireless expert (Medhurst &amp; Sons, Hobart, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (West Hobart, 1922-1928) - Comment: passed too soon

===''WATSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watson|Watson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. A. Watson|Watson, A. A.]] - bef1910(???)-aft1930(???) - Licences: 2UT Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 341, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: None as yet 

* [[/Albert Watson|Watson, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8L-VGM] - 1897(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 887, 1925 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922; Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1926; South Perth, WA, 1928-1958)

* [[/Douglas Mervyn Watson|Watson, Douglas Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MG-FPY] - 1920(Tas)-1989(Tas) - Licences: 7DW Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939; City, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1867, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Hobart South, 1949-1954); mechanic (Lindisfarne, 1972)

* [[/Eric Watson|Watson, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-9SL] - 1913(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2EP Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1938); 2EP Cessnock (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1564, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Cronulla, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leopold Watson|Watson, Herbert Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZP-JLK] - 1897(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Kiama (1929-1933); 2OL Unanderra (1935-1938); 2OL Woollongong (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 545, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Field Artillery, 1916-1919; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kiama, 1930); electrical engineer (Unanderra, 1934-1937; Heidelberg, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954); retired (Avalon Beach, 1968-1972; Mona Vale, 1977; Mosman, 1980) 

* [[/James David Watson|Watson, James David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F5-789] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3NQ Darlington via Camperdown (1930-1939); 2ANQ Albury (1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 633, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Beware another JDW, labourer, Geelong, 1930s - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Darlington, 1931-1943); radio technician (Albury, 1949-1954) 

* [[/John Watson|Watson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CR Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil, as yet, specific individual not yet identified

* [[/Lindsay Gordon Watson|Watson, Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZJ-8RB] - 1915(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EI Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3ALV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1954-1956; Altona, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2065, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1942); optometrist (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1954; Gladysdale, Vic, 1963; Altona, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Paul Robert Watson|Watson, Paul Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBB-X7P] - 1906(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3PY Warracknabeal (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1022, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1931); radio mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1936-1937); company director (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1942); public servant (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Samuel Wilfred Watson|Watson, Samuel Wilfred or Wilfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-LXP] - 1906(Eng)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6WW Perth (West Perth, 1930-1939, 1948-1969); 6WW Shoalwater Bay (1975); 6WW Cardup (1980) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 189, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1931-1972); retired (Shoalwater Bay, WA, 1977; Cardup, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas William Watson|Watson, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BZ-1Q7] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TL Lithgow (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: miner (Lithgow, NSW, 1930); radio dealer (Lithgow, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Bowral, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/William Watson|Watson, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP84-3DP] - 1902(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KE Kurri Kurri (1931-1937); 2KE Stanford Merthyr (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 864, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1930-1935; Stanford Merthyr, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Wesley Watson|Watson, William Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZH-LJJ] - 1918(NSW)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2YY Sydney (Annandale, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1716, 1936, NSW; COCP2 153, 1938; COCP1 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1943); radio telegraphist (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio officer (Moonah, Tas, 1954-1963; Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''WATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watt|Watt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Watt|Watt, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-4B7] - 1901(Sct)-1985(Tas) - Licences: 7BO Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923); Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prince of Wales Bay, 1922-1928); accountant (New Town, 1936-1949; Moonah, 1954)

* [[/Arthur William Watt|Watt, Arthur William]] -  19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster, journalist (Wireless Weekly)

* [[/Charles Russell Watt|Watt or Russell-Watt, Charles Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-JFH] - 1904(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2WT Tenterfield (1925-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 184, 1925, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tenterfield, NSW, 1930-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2WT - Charles Russell Watt&quot;

* [[/John Gordon Watt|Watt, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZH-PM8] - 1888(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XAEA Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (AIF, 7th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Croydon, NSW, 1913); sales manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''WATTERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. Watterson|Watterson, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BZ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WAUCHOPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wauchope|Wauchope, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Wylie Wauchope|Wauchope, Ronald Wylie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH6X-QJR] - 1914(SA)-1933(SA)19yo - Licences: 5WE Adelaide (Maylands, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1086, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, 19yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WAUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waugh|Waugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay William Francis Waugh|Waugh, Lindsay William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-VGR] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Undercliffe, 1935); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1936; Waitara, 1937; Burwood, 1938-1939; Birchgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1486, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Regiment, 1915, medically discharged) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); no occupation (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937); retired (Balmain, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Balmain, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Way|Way, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. Way|Way, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADD Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor James Way|Way, Victor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYR7-LNV] - 1893(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: XOL Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1916; Warrnambool, Vic, 1917-1918; Brunswick, Vic, 1919; Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927)

===''WEATHERLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry William Elsdon Weatherley|Weatherley, Harry William Elsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBF-1HC] - 1921(Vic)-2006(Vic) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (Australian Radio DX Club, New Zealand Radio DX League, New Zealand DX Radio Association, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia - Chief Editor, Ontario DX Club), ANARC DXer of the year - metallurgist (Auburn, 1949-1954); technician (Mount Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Mount Waverley, 1980)
* [[/Herb J. Weatherley|Weatherley, Herb J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4HW Clifton (-1951+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), callsign formerly Harold Dunbar Walsh
===''WEATHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Weatherson|Weatherson, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WEATHERSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Stewart Weatherston|Weatherston, William Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LZ-2KF] - 1905(WA)-1942(Sing) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, 1927); salesman (St Kilda, 1931; Forrest, ACT, 1935; Newtown, 1943!) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WEBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webb|Webb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Kenneth Webb|Webb, Eric Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC8-ZK5] - 1921(Vic)-2020(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3EX Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1858, 1937, Vic; BOCP 279, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1949); physicist (Mitcham, Vic, 1954-1963; Malvern, Vic, 1967; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Mostyn Thomas Webb|Webb, Mostyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-ZWB] - 1917(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2DP Sydney (Newtown, 1934-1935; Hurlstone Park, 1936-1939; Petersham, 1946-1950; Annandale, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1404, 1934, NSW; AIR3 934, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Petersham, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Annandale, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''WEBBER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Palmer Webber|Webber, Harold Palmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-9T1] - 1906(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PW Melbourne (Eltham, 1931-1937; Alphington, 1938-1939; Fairfield, 1947; Alphington, 1948; Caulfield, 1955-1969; Beaumaris, 1975-1980); 3DA Melbourne (Alphington, 1937); 3PV Portable St Kilda (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 812, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Eltham, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1954; St Kilda, Vic, 1954; Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''WEBSTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webster|Webster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank James Webster|Webster, Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF73-5KV] - 1908(Eng)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6FW Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1039, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1943); plasterer (Perth, WA, 1954-1963; Victoria Park, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Harold Charles Webster|Webster, Harold Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRM-31P] - 1876(Tas)-1923(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Launceston, 1914); clerk (Hobart North, 1922)

* [[/Walter Webster|Webster, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BW-FKF] - 1912(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Gladesville, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1417, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Gladesville, NSW, 1933-1935); public servant (Gladesville, NSW, 1936-1968)

* [[/William Webster|Webster, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJD-D94] - 1860(Eng)-1936(NSW) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1915-1920), played prominent part in the Postal Royal Commission

===''WEDDELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Austin Weddell|Weddell, James Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK9-SYF] - 1914(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5ZL Adelaide (Reade Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1595, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1943); RAAF (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); RAAF officer (Richmond, NSW, 1958); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1963); not stated (Red Hill, ACT, 1968-1972); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Arthur Weddell|Weddell, John Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKM-KVK] - 1926(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FT Brisbane (Zillmere, 1954-1960); 2ZM Glenbrook (1961); 4FT Brisbane (Sandgate North, 1965-1969); 2BFT Sydney (Clovelly, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3172, 1951, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1949; Zillmere, Qld, 1954-1958; Sandgate, Qld, 1963-1968); technician (Marrickville, NSW,  1972; Clovelly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WEDGEWOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wedgewood|Wedgewood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Donald Wedgewood|Wedgewood, William Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLV-GM8] - 1901(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: N741 Receive NSW - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 692, 1922; 2COCP 49, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: boarder (Sutton Coalfield, Eng, 1911); manufacturer (Glenmore, 1930-1936); aviator (Nedlands, WA, 1937); farmer (Moruya, 1949-1954); greenkeeper (Brisbane, 1958); public servant (Hornsby, 1963-1972)

===''WEEDEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weeden|Weeden, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ross Weeden|Weeden, Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYFG-CL8] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2PN Tumut (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 840, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tumut, NSW, 1936-1977)

===''WEEKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. L. Weeks|Weeks, H. L.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4CJ Receive Currumbin (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: - Identification: Not yet identified

===''WEISS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weiss|Weiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred George Weiss|Weiss, Wilfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-7NP] - 1912(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TV Sydney (Croydon Park, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2TV Ettalong Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 670, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lithgow, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Lithgow, 1943); silk screen craftsman (Croydon Park, 1949-1958); retired (Strathfield, 1963-1968; Ettalong Beach, 1972; Ettalong, 1977)

===''WELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welch|Welch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Welch|Welch, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDN-9GY] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ACW Sydney (Stanmore, 1936-1937; Hurstville, 1939); 3ACW Melbourne (Avenel, 1947-1948); 3ACW Mangalore (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1665, 1936, NSW; COCP1 410, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Annandale, NSW, 1936-1937; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Tennant Creek, NT, 1943); aeradio officer (Avenel, Vic, 1949-1954); communications officer (Herne Bay, NSW, 1958; Padstow, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Frank Welch|Welch, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQN-PL7] - 1893(Eng)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Manly, 1927-1929; North Sydney, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 359, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); retired (Manly, NSW, 1972; Miranda, NSW, 1977)

* [[/John Welch|Welch, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJPS-NPH] - 1873(???)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJCW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1913-1914); 3JS Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1913-1931); agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''WELDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weldon|Weldon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;


* [[/Neville Edwin Weldon|Weldon, Neville Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2HS-SZ6] - 1910(NSW)-1935(NG) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Mosman, 1931); 9NW Kokopo (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 793, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weller|Weller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Arthur Martin Weller|Weller, Cyril Arthur Martin &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-WXH] - 1903(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2160, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, Brisbane DX Club); power station engineer; education (ME, UQ) - Electoral Rolls: student (Windsor, 1925); engineer (Wilston, 1925-1928; Camp Hill, 1934-1943; Clayfield, 1949-1972; Albion, 1977)

===''WELLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Welling|Welling, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHB-KQZ] - 1898(Eng)-1960(SA) - Licences: 5TW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1937); 5TW Mt Gambier (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 179, 1930; 1COCP 81, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941); wireless technician (Mt Gambier, SA, 1943)

===''WELLINGTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Wellington|Wellington, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWJ5-M1V] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1127, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (emigrated to NZ 1937)
* [[/Stanley Hudson Wellington|Wellington, Stanley Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB84-47Y] - 1909(Tas)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7PK Hobart (New Town, 1932-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1002, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 117, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: representative (Caulfield, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1942); manager (Mosman, 1949-1980)

===''WELLMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wellman|Wellman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. Wellman|Wellman, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XNQ Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leo Joseph Wellman|Wellman, Leo Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SW-R9S] - 1898(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2PS Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 117, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 34th Battalion, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wellington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1937); technician (North Cronulla, NSW, 1943-1949; Engadine, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''WELLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan Augustus Wells|Wells, Allen (birth) or Allan Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHV-WVJ] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW; BOCP 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; army (citizen's military forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Corowa, NSW, 1943-1963)
* [[/Athol John Wells|Wells, Athol John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTB-XS9] - 1911(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Girral (1932-1936); 2FI Sydney (Waverley, 1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1013, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Girral, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF wireless operator (Townsville, Qld, 1941-1943); clerk (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); grocer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1954); salesman (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Ballina, NSW, 1977-1980)
* [[/George Leonard Douglas Wells|Wells, George Leonard Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC7-GQC] - 1906(Eng)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3TW Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1782, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hamilton, Vic, 1928-1931); manager (Hamilton, Vic, 1935-1980)
* [[/Harold Rowland Wells|Wells, Harold Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-1DM] - 1903(Eng)-1938(WA) - first chief announcer for 6WF Perth; then 6AM Northam; journalist - Comment: Passed too soon (age 35y) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast announcer (Maddington, WA, 1925); journalist (Maddington, WA, 1931); director (Subiaco, WA, 1937) - TroveTag: &quot;Harold Rowland Wells&quot;
* [[/Joseph Edward Wells|Wells, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2C3-5YM] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AME Sydney (Arncliffe, 1939; Bardwell Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2252, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Petersham, NSW, 1930); teacher (Annandale, NSW, 1931-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937; Bardwell Park, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''WELSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welsh|Welsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claud William Welsh|Welsh, Claude or Claud  William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPH-WS4] - 1914(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4CW Warwick (1937-1939); 4DK Mackay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1982, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, Qld, 1937-1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Warwick, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1958); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''WELZEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welzel|Welzel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kurt Paul Corlette Welzel|Welzel, Kurt Paul Corlette]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54Z-Q5P] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1938); 2ACF Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2GQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1130, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick North, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1954); carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''WERE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Waltham Were|Were, Robert Waltham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNWY-QQP] - 1907(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1923); 3DP Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1181, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934; Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''WERNER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan John Werner|Werner, Allan John or Alan John (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFC9-YX5] - 1907(WA)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CV Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Karnup, WA, 1931-1937); fitter (Kwinana Beach, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968)

===''WERRETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Errol Limbrick Werrett|Werrett, Errol Limbrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-FMH] - 1908(Tas)-1974(Eng) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hampshire (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Hampshire, 1936-1937); fitter (South Melbourne, 1943); engineer (Caulfield, 1949-1968; Balaclava, 1972)
===''WEST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert West|West, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay John Payne West|West, Lindsay John Payne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQM-MSP] - 1895(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2EI Parkes (1935-1939, 1946-1954); 2EI Sydney (Chatswood, 1955-1961; Manly, 1965); 2EI Duranbah (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1475, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, 12th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2BN Reginald Francis Joseph Flood - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Paddington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Parkes, NSW, 1930); radio &amp; musician (Parkes, NSW, 1931-1932); radio dealer (Parkes, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Manly, NSW, 1968; Parkes, NSW, 1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977; Duranbah, NSW, 1980)

===''WESTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weston|Weston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Frederick Shorter Weston|Weston, Cyril Frederick Shorter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVJ-FXY] - 1905(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 4EN Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kedron, 1928); Christian worker (Darlinghurst, 1934); grocer (Oatley, 1943); agriculturalist (Ourimbah, 1949); salesman (Paekhurst, 1963-1980); retired (Charmhaven, 1980)

* [[/G. J. Weston|Weston, G. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GJ Albury (1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly George James Weston following, but no connection yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George James Weston|Weston, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ3-Y8Q] - 1868(Eng)-1939(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 702, 1922 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant) - Comment: Several contemporaneous GJWs - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Albany, 1903); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1910-1912); civil servant (Wireless Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1913); sailor (Toorak, 1919); naval officer (Elsternwick, 1919); civil servant (Auburn, Vic, 1922); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1927); retired engineer (Upwey, 1931-1937)

* [[/Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston|Weston, Robert Marcus Hamilton &quot;Mark&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-KW6] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4XO Bundaberg (1938-1939); 2WE Sydney (Lidcombe, 1946-1947); 2AWE Sydney (Kingsford, 1955; Kensington, 1956-1957); 2AYK Sydney (Kensington, 1957; Kingsford, 1958-1961); 2CM Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2076, 1938, Qld; 2COCP 386, 1940; 1COCP 581, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; wireless officer (QANTAS) - Relationships: husband of 2MR Verle Lorraine Weston nee Key(s) - Electoral Rolls: marine wireless operator (Auchenflower, Qld, 1943); radio operator (Blakehurst, NSW, 1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1954-1963; Sans Souci, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Selwyn Henry Weston|Weston, Selwyn Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMT-N5R] - 1912(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AJH Sydney (Epping, 1938-1939); 2SY Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1958; Roseville, 1960-1965; Castlecrag, 1969; Killara, 1975; Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2077, 1938, NSW; COCP3 4518, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); bank clerk (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1958); company director (Roseville, NSW, 1963; Castlecrag, NSW, 1968); retired (Killara, NSW, 1977); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Verle Lorraine Keys|Weston nee Key(s), Verle Lorraine]] - 1934(???)-1985(NSW) - 2MR Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980), YL amateur operator (AOCP ???, 1964, No. ?? in Qld), wife of Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston 2CM

* [[/William Wood Weston|Weston or Wehrstedt, William Wood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPG-KBQ] - 1912(WA)-1953(WA) - Licences: 6MW Perth (Nedlands, 1935-1939; North Beach, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1465, 1935, WA; BOCP 596, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Further clarification of identification required - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); operator (Leederville, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968; Leederville, WA, 1972-1977)

===''WEYNTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Gordon Weynton|Weynton, Alexander Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-35K] - 1905(NSW)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Lindfield; 3XU Castlemaine (1933-1939, 1947); 3XU Wangaratta (1954); 3XU Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1955; Bonbeach, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc;  AOCP 1214, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1933; St Kilda West, Vic, 1936); company secretary (Castlemaine, Vic, 1937-1949; Wangaratta, Vic, 1954); auditor (Carrum, Vic, 1963)

===''WHALLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Percy Whalley|Whalley, Rupert Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGZ-CV3] - 1894(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JZ Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922); 3JZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1927); 3JZ Myrtleford (1937-1939); 3JZ Wangaratta (1946-1948); 3JZ Melbourne (Blackburn, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 238, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Sandringham, 1919-1925); farmer (Myrtleford, 1927-1942); tobacco grower (Wangaratta, 1949); foreman (Blackburn, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 3ZWZ Robert Kelvin Whalley

===''WHEELER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheeler|Wheeler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Ronald Wheeler|Wheeler, Adrian Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KD-MRC] - 1915(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Epping, 1934); 2VR Sydney (Epping, 1937; North Strathfield, 1938-1939); 2VR Broken Hill (1946-1950); 2VR Bathurst (1954-1958); 2VR Sydney (Castlecrag, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1256, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Concord, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949; Bathurst, NSW, 1954-1958; Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harry Winslow Wheeler|Wheeler, Harry Winslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBC-BYC] - 1910(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5FB Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1927-1928); 5HW Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 371, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF, DFC) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Eden Hills, SA, 1939-1943); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1968) 

* [[/Victor George Wheeler|Wheeler, Victor George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4Z-FGL] - 1897(Eng)-1976(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; coastal wireless operator; WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electric mechanic (Roebourne, 1917-1922); manager (Fremantle, 1925)

===''WHELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheller|Wheller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Wheller|Wheller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN84-K4D] - 1904(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EW Melbourne (Dandenong, 1934-1937; Camberwell, 1938-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1947-1948; Ascot Vale, 1954-1955; Keilor East, 1956-1960; Niddrie, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1261, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Nathalia, Vic, 1926); independent means (Dandenong, Vic, 1931); munition worker (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''WHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whire|Whire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. L. Whire|Whire, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JU Broken Hill (1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WHITAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITTAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitaker|Whitaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Thomas Whitaker|Whitaker, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKKW-5DB] - 1895(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Receive Sydney (Banksia, 1923); 2OI Sydney (Banksia, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockdale, 1930; Banksia, 1933-1934); builder (Banksia, 1937-1949); instructor (Mount Colah, 1954-1958)

===''WHITBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Roy Whitburn|Whitburn, Douglas Roy &quot;Doug&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-3JX] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5BY Adelaide (Toorak, 1927-1931; Fullarton, 1933-1939; Rosefield, 1946-1947; Fullarton, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 312, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosefield, 1943)
* [[/Robert Philip Whitburn|Whitburn, Robert Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBF-5XB] - 1896(NSW)-1991(NSW)94yo - Licences: XACJ Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913-1914); 2DK Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922); 2DK Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chairmaker (Leichhardt, 1930-1968); retired (West Ryde, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XACJ-2DK - Robert Philip Whitburn&quot;

===''WHITE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert White|White, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Matthews White|White, Alfred Matthews]] - 1894(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Receive Winton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tranby, Winton, 1915-1958); retired (Buderim, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Alfred Raymond White|White, Alfred Raymond &quot;Knocker&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2K-2FF] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 3AH Stawell (1932-1933); 3AH Mulcra via Murrayville (1937-1939); 3ARW Hamilton (1947); 4RP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1018, 1932, Vic; BOCP 61, 1936; COCP2 121, 1937; COCP1 1571, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Manya via Ouyen, Vic, 1935-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Charles Robert White|White, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-S5H] - 1911(SA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 5MX Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 802, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Edwin Harold White|White, Edwin Harold &quot;Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-QGH] - 1911(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1933-1939); 4EW Mackay (1946-1950); 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1954-1956); 5OW &amp; 8OW Darwin (1956-1963); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1963-1965); 4OW Mt Isa (1969); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1141, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 250, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, Fortress Signals); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Red Hill, 1934-1936); radio technician (Longreach, 1937); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1943; Mackay, 1949); communications officer (Archerfield, 1954); public servant (Red Hill, 1963; Mt Isa, 1968; Red Hill, 1972-1980)

* [[/Elwyn Boyce White|White, Elwyn Boyce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CB-6Y5] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HA Sydney (Vaucluse, 1933-1934; Greenwich, 1935-1938; Darling Point, 1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1958; Epping, 1961; Wollstonecraft, 1965); 2HA Shoal Bay (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1933; Greenwich, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); electrical radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); technician(Epping, NSW, 1958-1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); retired (Shoal Bay, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Frank Philip White|White, Frank Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-9NF] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 189, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Roy White|White, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4P-LVT] - 1911(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ABK Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Wahroonga, 1939; West Ryde, 1947-1954); 2AHW Sydney (West Ryde, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 5, 1934; 1COCP 12, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; beam wireless operator (AWA); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Ryde, 1933-1935); telegraphist (Roseville, 1936-1937; Ryde, 1943-1972; Glenorie, NSW, 1977); retired (Thornleigh, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Gilford James White|White, Gilford James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X6-XFV] - 1915(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (post 1981?) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP V00911, 1981; BOCP 100, 1937; AIR3 796, 1946 - WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: airline captain (Box Hill South, Vic, 1963; Burwood, Vic, 1968-1977); economist (Burwood, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Henry Benjamin Humphrey White|White, Henry Benjamin Humphrey &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDL-18H] - 1918(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3IR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1950, 1937, Vic; COCP2 631, 1942; COCP1 658, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); radio operator (Malvern, Vic, 1949); broadcast technician (Collie, WA, 1954)

* [[/J. L. White|White, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JL via Brass Valley (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Hugh William White|White, John Hugh William &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CN-76K] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 5MM Adelaide (Dunleath, 1947); 2UG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1948-1950); 2UG Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1955); 6UG Perth (Nedlands, 1956; Floreat Park, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2348, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wallaroo, SA, 1939); PMG engineer (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943); engineer (Hamilton, NSW, 1949; Maroubra, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Wembley, WA, 1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1977)

* [[/Norbert Leyburn White|White, Norbert Leyburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDK-7X1] - 1910(NSW)-1941(Hong Kong) - Licences: 9LW Rabaul, New Guinea (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [file:///C:/Users/samue/Downloads/Serjeant%20Norbert%20Leyburn%20White%20-%20CWGC%20Certificate.pdf CWGC] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Reginald Percy White|White, Reginald Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX8-3V6] - 1908(WA)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3RW Melbourne (Blackburn, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947; Hawthorn, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 740, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Blackburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Robert Keith White|White, Robert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ17-8VS] - 1896(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIW Bowral (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1918, discharged, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1933); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1972)

* [[/Ronald Langton White|White, Ronald Langton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWXY-FBB] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3QR Melbourne (Malvern, 1935-1939; St Kilda, 1947; West Hawthorn, 1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1960; Elsternwick, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1553, 1935, Vic; BOCP 159, 1938; AOCP1 19, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: announcer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); broadcaster (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); radio (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); tv officer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Sydney George White|White, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD5-CNV] - 1902(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MW Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937; Melbourne CBD, 1938-1939; West Parkville, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 739, 1922; COCP1 245, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Carlton South, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1943-1949); public servant (Parkville, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Vernon William White|White, Vernon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP4-RGP] - 1908(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 934, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931-1954; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''WHITELAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Roy Whitelaw|Whitelaw, Charles Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99WD-7NY] - 1891(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XMO Melbourne (Rosedale, 1913-1914); 3BH Melbourne (Mooroolbark, 1923-1925); 3BH Stawell (1925); 3BH Benalla (1925-1927); 3BH Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931); 3BH Woomelang (1933); 3BH Melbourne (Mornington 1937-1939); 3BH (Harrisfield, 1946-1947; Dandenong, 1948; Noble Park, 1954-1955; Boronia, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 87, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; fire brigade and railway stationmaster; WW1 (AFC, Wireless Operator, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Creswick, 1914); assistant stationmaster (Ravenswood, 1919); stationmaster (Mooroolbark, 1922-1924); railway employee (Timboon, 1925); stationmaster (Benalla, 1925-1927; Mitcham, 1931; Euroa, 1942; Harrisfield, 1949-1954)
===''WHITFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Roy Whitford|Whitford, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/977F-FGK] - 1890(SA)-1970(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - owner &amp; manager Whitford Broadcasting Network (6PM Perth, 6AM Northam, 6KG Kalgoorlie, 6GE Geraldton) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916); printer (Perth, WA, 1916); salesman (Perth, WA, 1925; Mayfield, SA, 1925); manager (Balkatta, WA, 1929-1931); businessman (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1954); director (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.radioheritage.net/Story151.asp RHF]

===''WHITING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ambrose Whiting|Whiting, Reginald Ambrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR6-XDQ] - 1911(SA)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Torrensville, 1932-1933); 3MZ Melbourne (East Preston, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 988, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (South Yarra, Vic, 1934; Essendon, Vic, 1937); fitter &amp; turner (Preston, Vic, 1942-1968); fitter (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WHITLAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitlam|Whitlam, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Gough Whitlam|Whitlam, Edward Gough &quot;Gough&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VH-8BJ] - 1916(Vic)-2014(NSW) - Prime Minister (1972-1975), WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, navigator &amp; bomb aimer, 1942-1945) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glebe, 1943); barrister (Cronulla, 1949; Cabramatta, 1958-1963; Red Hill, 1977; Double Bay, 1980) - executive oversight of the introduction of community radio in Australia - Links: [[w:Gough Whitlam|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/whitlam-edward-gough-18730 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Lewis Alfred John Whitlam|Whitlam, Lewis Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYY1-BBB] - 1904(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Brisbane City, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1968); engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WHITTAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whittaker|Whittaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis William Whittaker|Whittaker, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WG-QBS] - 1920(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6FK Perth (Inglewood, 1938-1939, 1947; Cannington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2146, 1938, WA; COCP2 543, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (East Perth, WA, 1943); communication officer (DCA, Wyndham, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Cannington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WHYTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whyte|Whyte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Kenneth Whyte|Whyte, Charles Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNV-R3R] - 1915(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1603, 1936, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Russell Whyte|Whyte, Francis Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM9-VZT] - 1918(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AKC Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939, 1946); 2VF Sydney (Campsie, 1948-1965; St Ives, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2139, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive cleaner (Campsie, NSW, 1943-1963); electrician (St Ives, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Harold Eugene Whyte|Whyte, Harold Eugene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-62D] - 1920(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2AHA Newcastle (Jesmond, 1937-1939; Mayfield, 1946-1948; Birmingham Gardens, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1965, 1937, NSW; BOCP 432, 1942; COCP1 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lambton, NSW, 1949; Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Rolland Jeffrey Whyte|Whyte, Rolland or Roland Jeffrey &quot;Jeff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK3-7XT] - 1908(SA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AHM Wentworth (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1988, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Wentworth, NSW, 1936-1968); grazier (Wentworth, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WIBURD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiburd|Wiburd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Wiburd|Wiburd, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1H2-21S] - 1912(NSW)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LP Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1947-1948; North Brighton, 1954-1956); 3LP Bairnsdale (1960); 3LP Yarram (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2390, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); manager (State Savings Bank, Lancefield, Vic, 1963)

===''WICKHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wickham|Wickham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Norman Wickham|Wickham, Arthur Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C5-KXL] - 1901(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2TP Sydney (Artarmon, 1933-1937; Lindfield, 1938; North Sydney, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 648, 1921 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WICKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. Wicks|Wicks, C.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQK Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WIDGERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Widgery|Widgery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ernest Widgery|Widgery, Stanley Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-YQ3] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3SE Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1701, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: nil (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); electrician (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''WIGNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wignell|Wignell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Houston Wignell|Wignell, Arthur Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-D1Y] - 1917(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ALK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1939; Petersham, 1946-1954; Marrickville, 1955-1958; Beverley Hills, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2253, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WILCOX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Samuel Joseph Wilcox|Wilcox, Samuel Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-6CC] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3KC Melbourne (Croxton, 1933-1937; Caulfield, 1938-1939; Kensington, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1083, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1949-1954); sheet metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1963-1968); metalworker (Kensington, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''WILDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril George Wildman|Wildman, Cyril George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMG3-GNP] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1931; Moreland, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; East Brunswick, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 624, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 422, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Melbourne, 1927; Fitzroy North, 1931; Coburg, 1934-1942); electrical engineer (Brunswick East, 1977-1980)

===''WILKEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Henry Wilken|Wilken, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6H-7TD] - 1893(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XPF Melbourne (Kilsyth, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 44, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Cottonvale, Qld, 1921-1922); manufacturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930; Colo Vale, NSW, 1934-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954); director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958)

===''WILKES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Wilkes|Wilkes, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ZJ-MY7] - 1882(Eng)-1936(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener; likely amateur receiver (1920s); Principal City Commercial College, Perth; member Wireless Development Assoc WA; attended wireless conference Sydney 1924; Craig &amp; Co Wireless Engineers - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1913-1931)

===''WILKIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Winstanley Wilkin|Wilkin, John Winstanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LX-1P7] - 1891(NZ)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1928; Osmond, 1931; Glen Osmond, 1933; North Walkerville, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; likely qualified in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Toorak, SA, 1939-1943)

===''WILKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wilkins|Wilkins, Arthur]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1927; East St Kilda, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 375, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW(?) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Several contemporaneous Arthur Wilkins, specific to be identified

* [[/Charles Joseph Wilkins|Wilkins, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRZ-3KS] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALB Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2208, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Manly, NSW, 1933-1936); electrical mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); dynamo attendant (Manly, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Robert Thomson Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert Thomson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KL-ZX4] - 19??(???)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2WQ Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936); 2WQ Werris Creek (1937-1939); 2WQ South Grafton (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1253, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1932-1934); electrician (South Grafton, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''WILKINSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Angus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Dudley Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-Q53] - 1919(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5WD Adelaide (Frewville, 1935-1939; College Park, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1455, 1935, SA; BOCP 182, 1938; 1COCP 284, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hawthorn, SA, 1941; Ballarat, Vic, 1942)
* [[/Frederick Gidley Hattam Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Frederick or Frederic Gidley Hattam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7N-YDF] - 1896(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XGG Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918, Gunner); bank clerk (1916) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); clerk (Young, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); bank clerk (Commercial Bank, Braidwood, NSW, 1936-1937); bank officer (Milton, NSW, 1943-1949; Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1980; Mooloolaba, Qld, 1980)
* [[/James Enoch Machell Augustus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, James Enoch Machell Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X59-KSR] - 1910(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 3PQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1931-1937; Fairfield, 1938-1939; Northcote, 1947-1956; Lalor, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 782, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937)

===''WILLIAMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williams|Williams, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Frederick Williams|Williams, Alan William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8H-KSX] - 1911(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939); 2AF Wagga Wagga (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 737, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 31, 1936; TVOCP 271, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937-1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Albert Edward Williams|Williams, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1930-1931); 5BO Adelaide (Ottaway, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 659, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - several contemporaneous AEWs in SA

* [[/Alex Elisha Williams|Williams, Alex Elisha]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JC-RN9] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3KT Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1062, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); school teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1968); teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Alfred Keith Williams|Williams, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-3SS] - 1905(WA)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6AW Collie (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 502, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: picture S. operator (Collie, 1930) 

* [[/Archdale Robert Leslie Williams|Williams, Archdale Robert Leslie &quot;Archie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L668-177] - 1895(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3WE Birchip (1932-1933); 3WE Omeo, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1005, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1914-1919); WW2, (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Seymour, Vic, 1921-1924); linotyper (Claremont, Vic, 1927-1928); linotype operator (Birchip, Vic, 1931); journalist (Omeo, Vic, 1936-1954)

* [[/Evan James Williams|Williams, Evan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1M6-MLM] - 1894(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2JW Sydney (Double Bay, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 810, 1924 (Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Aust Wireless Signals Squadron, 1917-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: freeholder (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Ernest Arthur Williams|Williams, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKNS-QYG] - 1888(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Receive Wollongong (1923); 2QY Wollongong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Wollongong, 1913, 1930-1958); retired (Wollongong, 1968)

* [[/Harold Parkyn Williams|Williams, Harold Parkyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CW-DGX] - 1881(Qld)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - first general manager of ABC - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/williams-harold-parkyn-9112 ADB]

* [[/John Banks Williams|Williams, John Banks]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZH-ZR5] - 1913(Vic)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ADI Sydney (Bondi North, 1937-1939); 2ADI Merimbula (1946-1948); 2ADI Bega (1950); 2AYW Bega (1957-1969); 2AYW Kiama (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 983, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bega, NSW, 1949-1954); radio technician (Bega, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Kiama, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/J. E. Williams|Williams, J. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DQ Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: many contemporaneous JEWs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Williams|Williams, John Henry Jnr &quot;Johnny&quot; &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP3D-8NG] - 1880(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Mackay (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 507, 1929, No ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: iron monger? (Mackay, 1925-1943) - established commercial broadcaster 4MK Mackay 1931

* [[/John Owen Williams|Williams, John Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWV-S18] - 1918(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3OU Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1937; Sandringham, 1938-1939); 3OQ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948); 3UO Melbourne (Sandringham, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1426, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bio-chemist (Prahran, Vic, 1943-1949); instrument maker (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Henry Williams|Williams, Joseph Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G178-LC7] - 1921(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939); 3NL Melbourne (Northcote, 1948; Mordialloc, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2134, 1938, Vic; BOCP 183, 1938) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: defence instructor (Northcote, Vic, 1949); teacher (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954-1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1968; Macleod, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Kenneth Jack Woodbine Williams|Williams, Kenneth Jack Woodbine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP6T-5JR] - 1912(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2XD Sydney (Bankstown, 1932-1936); 2XD Tamworth (1937-1939); 2XD Sydnet (Bankstown, 1946-1947; Eastwood, 1948-1950; West Ryde, 1954-1956; Galston, 1957-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1025, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1935; Tamworth, NSW, 1937); engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1954); farmer (Galston, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/L. L. Williams|Williams, L. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9WL Kela, Salamaua, New Guinea (1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie Samuel Barnes Williams|Williams, Leslie Samuel Barnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-X56] - 1896(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4LS Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1930-1933); 4LS Toogoolawah (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 630, 1930, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: naval signalman (Cape Moreton, 1917-1922); saddler (Indooroopilly, 1925-1931); boot repairer (Toogoolawah, 1934-1958); retired (Taringa, 1963-1972) 

* [[/Neville Gatenby Williams|Williams, Neville Gatenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX7-QBT] - 1919(Vic)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3PH Melbourne (Brighton, 1935-1939, 1947); 3PH Seymour (1948-1954); 7PH Launceston (1955-1956); 3PM Mildura (1965-1969); 4PH Magnetic Island (1975); 4PH Toorbul (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1555, 1935, Vic; COCP1 996, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949; Seymour, Vic, 1949); communications officer (Airport, Mildura, Vic, 1963-1968); shopkeeper (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972); retired (Arcadia, Qld, 1977; Currumbin, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald Armand Williams|Williams, Ronald Armand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYY5-2QC] - 1916(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3ZD Warragul (1937-1939, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2034, 1937, Vic; BOCP 646, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); manager (Warragul, Vic, 1949-1954); general manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1963) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1069349 VWMA]

* [[/Walter Neville Williams|Williams, Walter Neville &quot;Neville&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW6-G6P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Merrylands, 1947-1969); 2XV Sydney (Carlingford, 1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 107, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (long-time editor Electronics Australia) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Guildford, NSW, 1936); engineer (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1963; Granville West, NSW, 1968; Merrylands, NSW, 1972); editor (Beecroft, NSW, 1977; Carlingford, NSW, 1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199701.pdf EA]

===''WILLIAMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williamson|Williamson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Joseph Augustine Williamson|Williamson, Cecil Joseph Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K879-9HC] - 1925(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Yass (1929-1931); 2ALS Yass (1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 525, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Yass, 1930-1949); farmer (Trundle, 1949); mechanic (Orange, 1954-1972)

* [[/Edwin Keith David Williamson|Williamson, Edwin Keith David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBY9-Z1N] - 1910(Vic)-2005(WA) - Licences: 3IF Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1947-1956; Oakleigh, 1960-1969); 3IF Warneet (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2218, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1954); bank officer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Warneet, Vic, 1972; Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson|Williamson, Frederick Lerpiniere]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6L-GCH] - 1896(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5AH Receive Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922); 5AH Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922-1927; Collinswood, 1928, 1948-1955); also dealer licence 5BT Adelaide 1925-1926 for Kauper, Austin &amp; Williamson - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 22, 1924, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 284, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5AH - Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson&quot;

* [[/Hubert Gordon Williamson|Williamson, Hubert Gordon &quot;Rusty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7J-YQP] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3GW Rainbow (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 3GW Lalor (1965-1969); 3GW Melbourne (East Doncaster, 1975-1980); 3GH Rainbow (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 342, 1927, Vic; COCP1 593, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Rainbow, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Lalor, Vic, 1963-1967); technician (Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian - See Marjorie Lilian Hutchings

===''WILLIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Archibald Willis|Willis, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1H-6FR] - 1917(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2161, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: not stated (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1963; Annerley, Qls, 1968); retired (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1972)

* [[/Harold Oliver Willis|Willis, Harold Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-NLZ] - 1898(Vic)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6OW Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1931); 6AM Perth (South Fremantle, 1933); 6HW Perth (South Fremantle, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 675, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: baker (South Fremantle, 1925-1968)

===''WILLMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILMOTT

* [[/Thomas Robert Willmott|Willmott or Wilmot, Thomas Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD6-TB4] - 1886(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: XCL Sydney (Toongabbie, 1912-1914); 2BR Receive South Grafton (1922); 2ZO South Grafton (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 48, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Grafton South, 1930-1943)

===''WILLOUGHBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Lancelot Willoughby|Willoughby, Eric Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR88-Q5X] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BM Adelaide (Penrhyn, 1932-1939); 5GO Adelaide (Unley, 1948); 3FB Noojee (1954-1956); 3FB Neerim Junction (1960); 4EW Booval (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1035, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Penrhyn, SA, 1939-1943); farmer (Noojee, Vic, 1949-1954); PMG Linesman (Booval, Qld, 1963-1968); PMG (Booval, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WILMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILLMOTT

* [[/John Henry Wilmott|Wilmott, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQY-PTR] - 1914(WA)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 6JW Perth (Como, 1934-1939); 2AJX Sydney (Lindfield, 1975); 2AJX Bathurst (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1345, 1934, WA; 1COCP 170, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JHWs - Electoral Rolls: aircraft radio officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1958-1968); proprietor (Bathurst, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WILSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilson|Wilson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Wilson|Wilson, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DL Receive Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Wilson|Wilson, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-FSR] - 1904(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3JF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1935-1937; McKinnon, 1938-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1546, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1926-1936); printer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Darius Joseph Wilson|Wilson, Darius Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZR-GJ4] - 1901(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1929-1931; Lidcombe, 1933; Five Dock, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Warwick Farm, 1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 548, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Leichhardt, 1930; Five Dock, 1943-1949); no occupation (Five Dock, 1954); french polisher (Yagoona, 1954-1968); polisher (Yagoona, 1972-1977)

* [[/Donald Davidson Wilson|Wilson, Donald Davidson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4M-C67] - 1913(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AES Teralba (1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1822, 1936, NSW; BOCP 335, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Son is also DDW - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Speer's Point, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Teralba, NSW, 1943-1980)  

* [[/Henry George Wilson|Wilson, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5LY-R6P] - 1908(Eng)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2AGO Sydney (Greenwich, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2045, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HGWs - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Greenwich, NSW, 1954-1972)

* [[/Horace Benjamin Wilson|Wilson, Horace Benjamin &quot;Ben&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-71R] - 1911(WA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5WB Adelaide (Wayville, 1930-1937; Unley Park, 1938-1939); 2BP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1946-1948; West Ryde, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 586, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 161, 1934; 2COCP 33, 1935; 1COCP 72, 1935 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Unley Park, 1939); recording engineer (McMahons Point, 1949); business manager (West Ryde, 1954-1980)

* [[/J. H. or T. H. Wilson|Wilson, J. H. or T. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BV Perth (Claremont, 1922; Peppermint Grove, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Thomas Wilson|Wilson, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN47-4TR] - 1914(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3CU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3ACV Colac (1954-1955); 3ACV Carisbrook (1956); 3ACV Melbourne (St Albans, 1960; Mt Evelyn, 1965-1969); 3ACV Lubeck (1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1878, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JTWs - Electoral Rolls: nil (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); textile (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); textile worker (Camberwell, Vic, 1943 + Mary Ellen)

* [[/Leonard Gratton Wilson|Wilson, Leonard Gratton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQN8-3K6] - 1901(NSW)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6LG Perth (Inglewood, 1928; South Perth, 1930-1931; Como, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 429, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: vigneron (Caversham, 1925); police constable (South Perth, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); constable (Albany, 1943-1949); police constable (Como, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Maclean Wilson|Wilson, Leslie Maclean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRH5-9TL] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LM  Marsden (1924-1926); 2LM Sydney (Cremorne, 1927); 2LM Mudgee (1928-1936); 2LMW Mudgee (1937-1939); 2ALM Mudgee (1946-1950); 2ALM Port Macquarie (1954-1958); 2LM Port Macquarie (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 33, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mudgee, NSW, 1930-1954); no occupation (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Perry Allen Wilson|Wilson, Perry Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AT Receive Eumundi (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motordriver (Eumundi, Qld, 1925-1934); garage proprietor (Eumundi, Qld, 1936-1943)

* [[/Robert Scott Wilson|Wilson, Robert Scott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ3-98L] - 1898(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XKC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1926; Gardiner, Vic, 1927-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Victor William Wilson|Wilson, Robert Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWJ-J3L] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2AFS Moree (1936-1939); 2AFS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1947-1950); 2AFS Port Stephens (Williamtown, 1954-1955); 3SD Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1836, 1936, NSW; COCP1 1031, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RVWs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (East Sydney, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (East Moree, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Hamilton, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Vaughan Hislop Wilson|Wilson, Vaughan Hislop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-Z2B] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2ADZ Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1937; Harris Park, 1938); 2VW Sydney (Kingsford, 1947; Maroubra, 1948-1960; West Pymble, 1961-1965; Chittaway Point, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified NZ?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1958); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1963); technician (Chittaway Point, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Victor John Wilson|Wilson, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-NPY] - 1909(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923); 4VW Brisbane (Newstead, 1937-1939); 4VW Nambour (1960); 4VW Brisbane (Everton Park, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1100, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Newstead, Qld, 1931-1937; Nambour, Qld, 1958; Everton Park, Qld, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Warne Alfred George Wilson|Wilson, Warne Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKLN-Y39] - 1900(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Receive Ballarat (1923); 3RY Ballarat (1924-1925); 3WA Ballarat (1928-1939, 1946-1960); 3KV Ballarat (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 444, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 20, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Ballarat, 1924); radio engineer (Ballarat, 1927-1980)

* [[/Wilfred Elvyn Wilson|Wilson, Wilfred Elvyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-MB4] - 1880(Eng)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Receive Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1923); 2JI Sydney (Roseville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Roseville, 1930-1963)

* [[/William Thomas Wilson|Wilson, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-9FS] - 1921(Vic)-1997(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2381, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Winston Mons Wilson|Wilson, Winston Mons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N7K-8K4] - 1915(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (East Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1407, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Preston, Vic, 1937); farmer (Eltham, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Cohuna, Vic, 1949); bookkeeper (Cohuna, Vic, 1954)

===''WILTSHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur John Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRH7-W1X] - 1916(???)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AEM Lismore (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1752, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales assistant (Lismore, NSW, 1937); turner &amp; fitter (Adamstown, NSW, 1943); turner &amp; machinist (Toronto, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Ballina, NSW, 1954); manager (Goonellabah, NSW, 1958-1963; Gundarimba, NSW, 1968); agent (Ballina, NSW, 1972-1977); distributor (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''WINCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winch|Winch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roderick Mervin Winch|Winch, Roderick Mervin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-MMP] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2OA Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1937); 3OA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1938); 2OA Sydney (Parramatta, 1946-1961); 2AMY Sydney (Harris Park, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (possibly from RAN) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval rating (Parramatta, NSW, 1932; Harris Park, NSW, 1933-1937); radio dealer (Parramatta, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wing|Wing, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James John Wing|Wing, William James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDHH-WKW] - 1887(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 188, 1916; 2COCP 142, 1930; 1COCP 212, 1931 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (CPO, 1917-1918); AWA - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hotel Metropole, Thursday Island, Qld, 1914); wireless engineer operator (Radio Station, Applecross, WA, 1917); radiotelegraphist (Cooktown, 1921); business manager (Epping, 1930); sales manager (Epping, 1933-1936; Roseville, 1937; Chatswood, 1943-1949); manager (Melbourne, 1954)

===''WINKLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winkler|Winkler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Martin Herbert Rudolf Winkler|Winkler, Rev. Martin Herbert Rudolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HCP-JCV] - 1906(NZ)-1985(SA) - Licences: 2MP Wagga Wagga (1934-1939); 2MP Temora (1946-1948); 5MV Adelaide (Clapham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1335, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1932; Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1943; Barmedman, 1949) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/614919 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1241955 Photo]

===''WINTERFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton Winterford|Winterford, Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ML-FJH] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Canada?) - Licences: 4MF Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1931); 4MF Southport (1933); 4MF Sarina (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 363, 1927, No. 40 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Annerley, Qld, 1931); mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); electrician (Sarina, Qld, 1943); electrical contractor (Broadbeach, Qld, 1949)

===''WINTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winton|Winton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Winton|Winton, John Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-4ZG] - 1912(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3XR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1933; Surrey Hills, 1937-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Montrose, 1965; Wantirna South, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 959, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1937); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; North Croydon, Vic, 1954; Montrose, Vic, 1963-1968; Wantirna, Vic, 1972)

===''WIRSU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wirsu|Wirsu, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oiva Leslie Wirsu|Wirsu, Oiva Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14L-RGB] - 1919(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3ALW Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947); 2AMA Sydney (Kensington, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2415, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1954; Gordon, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''WISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wise|Wise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Wise|Wise, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDS-D87] - 1853(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (Postmaster-General, 1920-1921) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Sale, 1905-1949) - Links: [[w:George Wise (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William George Wise|Wise, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKG-RBN] - 1902(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2PW Sydney (Summer Hill, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1045, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical linesman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); lineman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''WISEMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William James Cleave Wiseman|Wiseman, William James Cleave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2M-ZP8] - 1906(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5WJ Port Lincoln (1931-1939); 5WJ Ceduna (1947-1948); 5WJ Adelaide (Parafield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 759, 1931, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 485, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Port Lincoln, SA, 1939-1941); aeradio operator (Ceduna, SA, 1943)

===''WISHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Turner Wishart|Wishart, William Turner &quot;Bill, Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ3-J9S] - 1900(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4WT Brisbane (Graceville, 1931-1939); 6TW Perth (Claremont/Floreat Park, 1946-1948); 4WX Brisbane (St Lucia, 1965-1969; Margate 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 870, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, federal councillor) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Red Hill, Qld, 1921); optical mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1925; Graceville, Qld, 1928-1937); audiometrist (Floreat Park, WA, 1949; Darlington, WA, 1949); retired (Wynnum North, Qld, 1972; Margate, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Witt|Witt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney Herbert Witt|Witt, Sidney Herbert &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-BDV] - 1892(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1914-1916); electrical engineer (Camberwell, 1922); engineer (Brighton, 1925-1943; Glen Iris, 1958-1968; Burwood, 1972)) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/witt-sidney-herbert-12059 ADB]; [http://www.coxhill.com/trlhistory/history/witt.htm Coxhill]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2355724 NLA]

* [[/Walter King Witt|Witt, Walter King]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCV-VWY] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XKW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (RAN Transport); WW2 (RANVR); Wireless Institute Victoria (vice president, 1914) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Williamstown, Vic, 1916-1917); X-ray operator (Northcote, Vic, 1919); traveller (Williamstown, Vic, 1922-1924); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1925-1927); sales (Williamstown, Vic, 1928-1968); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1972); importer (Williamstown, Vic, 1977) - Links: [https://www.wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2014/20141022-1/index.php WIA Amateur Radio 2014 11]

===''WOHLERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wohlers|Wohlers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Gibson Wohlers|Wohlers, Howard Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YB-FHW] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3YV Wangaratta (1947-1965); 3AYV Portable Wangaratta (1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2339, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wangaratta, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''WOLFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hamilton Bennett Wolfe|Wolfe, Hamilton Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H2-8K6] - 1886(Vic)-1956(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 193, 1916; 2COCP 242, 1930; 1COCP 213, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908-1912); wireless telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925-1926); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1936-1949); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1954)

===''WOLFENDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Wolfenden|Wolfenden, Peter]] - 3ZPA Strathmore (1965) - amateur operator, historian (amateur, amateur broadcasting), journalist (WIA's &quot;Amateur Radio&quot;)

===''WOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wood|Wood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Abner David Wood|Wood, Abner David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ7R-BJC] - 1910(Eng)-1976(SA) - Licences: 6AS Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1534, 1935, WA; BOCP 654, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/George Alfred Wood|Wood, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7Z-9F6] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2IZ Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1935; Woollahra, 1936-1939); 2AIX Sydney (Woollahra, 1948; Bondi Junction, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1125, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Waverley, NSW, 1933-1935); mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1937; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943-1949); telephone technician (Randwick North, NSW, 1954-1958; Hurstville South, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Hurstville South, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Henry Clarence Wood|Wood, James Henry Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H7-XN9] - 1901(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Receive Grafton (Crystal) (1923); 2ZM Grafton (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1128, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/James William Wood|Wood, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-B9P] - 1914(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2GG Albury (1946-1947); 2GG Herne Bay (1948-1950); 2GG Sydney (Bexley North, 1954-1961; Long Jetty, 1965-1969; Killarney Vale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2419, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 39, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWWs - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Percy Wood|Wood, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-2V1] - 1909(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RQ Ipswich (1927-1931); 4PW Ipswich (1933-1939); 2EPW Banora Point - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 359, 1927, No. 39 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN, AR); engineer (IREE) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Ipswich, 1931); radio dealer (Ipswich, 1937-1949; East Ipswich, 1954-1968); electrical dealer (Banora Point, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Eric Wood|Wood, Raymond Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LV-Y2C] - 1916(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2VB Sydney (South Kensington, 1935-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Epping, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1580, 1935, NSW; COCP2 195, 1939; COCP1 305, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Saint Huberts Island, NSW, 1980)

===''WOODHEAD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Edward Woodhead|Woodhead, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97Q-V5C] - 1904(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 6DI Receive Bridgetown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bridgetown, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Mortdale, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WOODLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodley|Woodley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Woodley|Woodley, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-CYY] - 1909(???)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6BY Perth (West Leederville, 1930-1931); 6DJ Perth (Carlisle, 1946-1948; Victoria Park, 1954-1956; Maniana, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 680, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Claremont, 1936-1937); mechanic (Victoria Park, 1943); radio mechanic (Carlisle, 1949; Victoria Park, 1954; Maniana, 1963-1980) - Callsign possibly withdrawn for commercial

===''WOODMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodman|Woodman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Woodman|Woodman, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V1B-S3D] - 1903(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1933); 2ZE Leeton (1933-1937); 2ZE Delegate (1938-1939, 1946-1947); 2ZE Hay (1948-1961); 2ZE Murrumburrah (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 925, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933); postal clerk (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); postmaster (Delegate, NSW, 1943; Hay, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Murrumburrah, NSW, 1968)

===''WOODWARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodward|Woodward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Woodward|Woodward, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZ7-DFF] - 1909(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YO Melbourne (Coburg, 1931; Moreland, 1933-1939; Malvern East, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 765, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/George Reginald Woodward|Woodward, George Reginald ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG18-CNZ] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2WO Sydney (Sutherland, 1932-1933); 2YT Sydney (Sutherland, 1934-1939); 2YT Bathurst (1946-1947); 2YT Rydal (1948); 2YT Sydney (Smithfield, 1950; Canley Vale, 1954-1957; Auburn, 1958; Smithfield, 1960; Canley Vale, 1961); 2YT Taree (1965-1975); 2YT Sydney (Gladesville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 901, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 718, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sutherland, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Kirkconnell, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Auburn North, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1958); radio technician (Lithgow, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Moree, NSW, 1963; Ryde, NSW, 1968); salesman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1972); retired (Punchbowl, NSW, 1977); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

===''WOOKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Lewis Wookey|Wookey, Geoffrey William Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3H-WNJ] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YJ Melbourne (Croydon, 1931-1933; Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980); 3AYJ Melbourne (Portable, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 838, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1968); instrument maker (East Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)
* [[/Robert Bruce Wookey|Wookey, Robert Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DP1-GVW] - 1907(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Geelong (1923-1924); 3RW Geelong (1925-1927); 3IC Geelong (1948-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 146, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cressy, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Queenscliff, Vic, 1931; Geelong, Vic, 1942-1972)

===''WOOLACOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woolacott|Woolacott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Prosser Woolacott|Woolacott, Francis Prosser &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFL-94T] - 1903(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2ST Receive Sydney (Drummoyne, 1923-1924); 2FW Sydney (Drummoyne, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 119, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father-in-law of Geoffrey Ross Curnow - Electoral Rolls: architect (Mosman, NSW, 1936); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); architect (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963)

===''WOOLLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woollett|Woollett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edgar Woollett|Woollett, David Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-HDP] - 1920(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZDE Sydney (Beverley Hills, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 202, 1956; AOCP 4292, 1965, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Beverley Hills, 1949-1972; Narwee, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Horace Woollett|Woollett, Norman Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD2-Z5M] - 1908(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Mosman, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 276, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936); public servant (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''WOOLLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Ronald Woolley|Woolley, Leon Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L214-JQH] - 1898(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4FW Ipswich (1931); 4FW Townsville (1933); 4FW Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 751, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, ATC); employment (school teacher) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Bell, Qld, 1919-1921; Newtown, Qld, 1925; Kia Ora, Townsville, 1931; Newtown, Qld 1934-1963)

===''WOOLNOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Stephen Woolnough|Woolnough, Archibald Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CG-9PK] - 1909(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3BW Portarlington (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 519, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: business proprietor (Portarlington, 1931-1980) 

* [[/Walter George Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K89F-ZSF] - 1876(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933), on behalf of son Walter Lyell Woolnough - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Nil - Relationships: father of 2GW Walter Lyell Woolnough - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Mt Lawley, WA, 1913); professor geology (University, WA, 1916-1917); geologist (Hotel Canberra, ACT, 1928); Commonwealth Geologist (Forrest, ACT, 1937); clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); public servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); no occupation (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Walter Lyell Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CJF-LS3] - 1906(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933-1936); 2GW Lithgow (1937-1939); 2GW Sydney (Gordon, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 153, 1925, No. ?? in NSW), amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: licence held by father Walter George Woolnough till 1933 - Relationships: son of Walter George Woolnough, holder of 2GW licence till 1933 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930); assistant engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937; Gordon, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''WOOSTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Meredith Wooster|Wooster, Horace Meredith &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Q-CGW] - 1909(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4VH Townsville (City, 1930-1939; Belgian Gardens, 1946-1948); 4VH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 623, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (Qld Railways, telegraphist; Qld Main Roads Dept); military (Army signals officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1931-1932; Norman Park, 1937; Townsville, 1943-1949; Yeronga, 1954-1980)

===''WORRALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worrall|Worrall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Albert Worrall|Worrall, Leonard Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTL5-L1L] - 1912(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2XM Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1934; Punchbowl, 1935-1936); 4XM Cairns (1937-1939); 4WL Brisbane (Stafford Heights, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1221, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1936; Cairns, Qld, 1937); bank clerk (Wynnum, Qld, 1943); clerk (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954-1963); bank manager (Tarragindi, Qld, 1968); manager (Stafford Heights, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WORSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worsley|Worsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Ansley Worsley|Worsley, Harold Ansley or Annesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L26G-17S] - 1905(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3EU Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2035, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1928); letter carrier (St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1968); messenger (Caulfield North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WORSWICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worswick|Robert Worswick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Victor Worswick|Worswick, Horace Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4T-NN4] - 1908(Eng)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 2VW Sydney (Concord West, 1931-1939); 3VI Melbourne (Ringwood, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954-1975; Mont Albert, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 727, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Concord, NSW, 1930-1937; Auburn, Vic, 1943; Ringwood, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''WORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Worth|Worth, Sydney or Sidney Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBH-5Z3] - 1905(WA)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6SW Perth (Rivervale, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 958, 1927; 2COCP 223, 1930; 1COCP 226, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1931); wireless operator (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1958)

===''WRAITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward James Crawford Wraith|Wraith, Edward James Crawford &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KV2C-11D] - 1862(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Early wireless experimenter

===''WRATTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mervyn James Wratten|Wratten, Mervyn James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-DV8] - 1918(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4MW Ipswich (Brassall, 1937-1939; North Ipswich, 1946-1947; Brassall, 1948-1980+); 4LX Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1932, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Ipswich ARC); military (WW2, CMF, AIF); employment (Cribb &amp; Foote, manager, radio section); business proprietor (Avon Theatre) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Brassall, Qld, 1943-1977; North Ipswich, Qld, 1980)

===''WRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wray|Wray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Milroy Percy Wray|Wray, Ronald Milroy Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-QYM] - 1909(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2WX Sydney (Hurstville, 1929-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 472, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hurstville, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1935-1937); biograph assistant (Hurstville, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''WREFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roger Norman Wreford|Wreford, Roger Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-N2X] - 1909(WA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2ADC Broken Hill (1936-1937); 5RW Adelaide (Blackwood, 1938-1939; Mitcham, 1947-1954; South Brighton, 1955-1960; Crafers, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1714, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5DW-6IW Arthur Franklin Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1936; Blackwood, SA, 1939; Mitcham, SA, 1941-1943)
* [[/Arthur Franklin Wreford|Wreford, Arthur Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3V1-92S] - 1898(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5DW Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1937-1939; Cumberland, 1947-1954); 6IW Perth (Armadale, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2037, 1937, SA; 2COCP 452, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Brother of 2ADC-5RW Roger Norman Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Kensington Gardens, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941; Cumberland, SA, 1943); civil servant (Gosnells, WA, 1954); technician (Armadale, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://discoveringanzacs.naa.gov.au/browse/person/133040 NAA]

===''WRIEDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Sjoberg Albert Wriede|Wriede, George Sjoberg Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKG2-VK8] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4DJ Receive Caboolture (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Cooroy, 1921; Miriam Vale, 1925-1958); retired (Gladstone, 1963)
===''WRIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wright|Wright, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Wright|Wright, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SS Receive Scarborough (1923); 2SS Scarborough (1924-1925); 2SS Coledale (1926-1933); 2SS Coolah (1933); 2SE Scarborough (1935-1936); 2SE Louth/Bourke (1937-1938); 2SE Walgett (1939); 2SE Willow Tree (1946); 2SE Stanmore (1947-1950); 2SE Sydney (Guildford, 1954-1961); 2SE Quirindi (1965) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 118, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous Albert Edward Wrights in NSW, needs specific data to identify - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2SS-2SE - Albert Edward Wright&quot;

* [[/Arthur Milford Wright|Wright, Arthur Milford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ9-JR6] - 1894(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XNF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914); 3CL Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1922); 2779 Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1915-1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1963)

* [[/A. W. H. Wright|Wright, A. W. H. &quot;Bill&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 5BW Adelaide, 3AAW, 4TU Garbutt (-1950+, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Collis Page Wright|Wright, Collis Page]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1P-P9L] - 1912(Tas)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7LZ Launceston (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1099, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Launceston, 1936-1937); salesman (Launceston, 1943); draper (Launceston, 1949-1968)

* [[/Eric John Wright|Wright, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-P2G] - 1904(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Brisbane (Annerley, 1936-1939; Windsor, 1947; Buranda, 1948; Annerley, 1954; Buranda, 1955-1956; Ekibin, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1816, 1936, Qld; 3COCP 1471, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1943; Annerley, Qld, 1949); waterside worker (Ekibin, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Harold Wright|Wright, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF95-LW1] - 1910(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6FR Perth (Buckland Hill, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, 1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1809, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Buckland Hill, WA, 1936; Mosman Park, WA, 1943-1963) 

* [[/Norman Hugh Wright|Wright, Norman Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G536-XM7] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XFQ Sydney (Mosman, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: shunter (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/William Wright|Wright, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WG-PLV] - 1893(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 323, 1927, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: driver (Terang, Vic, 1914-1963)

* [[/William Henry Hilsdon Wright|Wright, William Henry Hilsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVF-RKL] - 1905(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4FA Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Murrays Creek, 1930; Ballandean, 1937-1949); teacher (Toowoomba, 1954-1963)

===''WYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert John Hemingway Wyle|Wyle, Albert John Hemingway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3J-6L7] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6BW Perth (Shenton Park, 1937-1939; Nedlands, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1865, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1968); salesman (Dalkeith, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WYNNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Agar Wynne|Wynne, Agar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-6CN] - 1850(Eng)-1934(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1913-1914)
* [[/Alfred Percy Wynne|Wynne, Alfred Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L858-Q52] - 1885(Qld)-1966(Qld) - proprietor music business (Wynne's Music, Maryborough), proprietor broadcasting station (4MB Maryborough) - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Paddington, Qld, 1908; Mooloolah, Qld, 1909); commercial traveller (Mooloolah, Qld, 1912); piano tuner (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); salesman (Brisbane, Qld, 1916-1917; Mooloolah, Qld, 1919; Maryborough, Qld, 1919-1925); music store proprietor (Maryborough, Qld, 1928-1949); business manager (Maryborough, Qld, 1963)

=='''X'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

=='''Y'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''YATES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yates|Yates, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Gladstone Yates|Yates, Arthur Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZQ-6WH] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZP Inverell (1931-1936); 2ZP Sydney (Camperdown, 1937); 2ZP Inverell (1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 815, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943-1958); radio serviceman (Inverell, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gordon Yates|Yates, Kenneth Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-CJ3] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (Cottonville, 1939, 1947-1954; Westbourne Park, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2371, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Cottonville, SA, 1939-1943) 

* [[/Reginald Colin Yates|Yates, Reginald Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-QX6] - 1914(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 5RY Wyalla (1935-1937); 2AGZ Wollongong (1938-1939, 1947); 2AGZ Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950); 2AGZ Broken Hill (1954-1957); 2AGZ Newcastle (Hamilton, 1958-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1474, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1954); chartered electrical engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1958); professional engineer (Charlestown, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''YEATES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Melville Yeates|Yeates, Henry Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G698-PXG] - 1912(Tas)-1980(???) - Licences: 7HY Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1621, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical contractor (Launceston, 1949-1954); salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''YORSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Sutherland Yorston|Yorston, Ernest Sutherland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY8-46D] - 1909(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 299, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); sales (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); manufacturer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1963); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''YOUNG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Young|Young, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Arthur Young|Young, Alan Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CV7-R6T] - 1912(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YA Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; North Essendon, 1947-1948; Glenroy, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1924, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 237, 1939; 1COCP 349, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Monee Ponds, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1958-1963); textiler (Geelong, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Crawford Addison Young|Young, Crawford Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3C-DQT] - 1914(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6CY Perth (Fremantle, 1934-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1265, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943-1968)

* [[/Geoffrey Carl Young|Young, Geoffrey Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HD-8W5] - 1912(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2FN Newcastle (New Lambton, 1933; CBD, 1934-1936); 2FN Orange (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1124, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (New Lambton, NSW, 1934; Newcastle, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Orange, NSW, 1936-1937); manager (Newcastle, NSW, 1943-1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Horace Stewart Young|Young, Horace Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGH6-K25] - 1921(WA)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AMZ Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947; Dulwich Hill, 1948; Narwee, 1950-1961; Bexley, 1965-1975); 2AMZ Woy Woy (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2342, 1939, NSW; COCP2 1063, 1946; COCP1 1149, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); PMG employee (Narwee, NSW, 1949-1954); radio inspector (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1958-1963); public servant (Inaloo, WA, 1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968; Oakleigh South, Vic, 1972-1977); ?? (Woy Woy, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ian Neville Campbell Young|Young, Ian Neville Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-5G8] - 1917(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2OS Muswellbrook (1955-1958); 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1664, 1936, NSW; BOCP 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Thornton, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Ivan Harold Young|Young, Ivan Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L118-BVF] - 1910(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4YG Brisbane (Albion) (1930-1939); 4YH Brisbane (Mitchelton) (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 708, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 315, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio technician (Mission Control Station, Thursday Island) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Albion, 1931-1937); public servant (Newmarket, 1943; Mitchelton, 1949-1980)

* [[/James Lyle Young|Young, James Lyle &quot;Jim&quot;]] - 1897(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 2CH Receive Corowa (1922); 2JL Corowa (1926-1927); 2JL Coolamon (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 473, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless student (1918); WW1 (Applied, not called up) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1919); grazier (Coolamon, NSW, 1930-1937); farmer (East Doncaster, Vic, 1943)

* [[/James Wolstenholme Young|Young, James Wolstenholme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TQ-Z2R] - 1909(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Turramurra, 1925-1934; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2JY Katoomba (1946); 2JY Sydney (Mona Vale, 1947-1948; Willoughby, 1950-1961; Middle Cove, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 189, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: articled clerk (Turramurra, 1932-1934), solicitor (Roseville, 1937; Katoomba, 1943; Willoughby, 1954-1977)

* [[/John William Young|Young, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6RN-2XX] - 1906(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4JY Brisbane (Rosalie, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Rosalie, 1938; Coorparoo, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 752, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Rosalie, 1931); clerk (Sandgate, 1936); storeman (Rosalie, 1937; Coorparoo, 1943-1963); commercial traveller (Coorparoo, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Walter Young|Young, Kenneth Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ5-Y2S] - 1920(Vic)-2016(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3AKY Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1955; Elwood, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2424, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); grocer (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Laurence George Young|Young, Laurence George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH6-2J6] - 1908(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JN Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937; East Malvern, 1938-1939; Burwood, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1032, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Sandringham, Vic, 1934; Gardiner, Vic, 1937); fibro plasterer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); manufacturer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1954); builder (Springvale North, Vic, 1963-1968; Mulgrave, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Anderson Young|Young, William Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89P-B3K] - 1897(Sct)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (West End, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 330, 1927, No. 34 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boot employee (West End, 1925-1937); bootmaker (Ashgrove, 1943-1954)

===''YOUNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Younger|Younger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Younger|Younger or Yungherr (Electoral Rolls) or Jungherr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX1-ZV7] - 1900(Qld)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Pelaw Main (1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1102, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wheeler (Pelaw Main, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''YUILE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yuile|Yuile, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Henry Thomas Yuile|Yuile, Robert Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLQX-3DN] - 1907(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1946-1965; Baulkham Hills, 1969); 2HU Pretty Beach (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2408, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Granville, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); supervisor (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1968); retired (Pretty Beach, NSW, 1980)

=='''Z'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ZANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zander|Zander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Charles Andrew Zander|Zander, Albert Charles Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBP2-Z3F] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2175, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ZECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zech|Zech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Zech|Zech, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-YJG] - 1893(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XABQ Sydney (Annandale, 1912-1914); 2DL Sydney (Annandale, 1922, Receive); 2WZ Sydney (Annandale, 1925-1927; Ashfield, 1928-1930; Stanmore, 1933-1934); 2ACP Sydney (Enmore, 1937; Como, 1938); 2ACP Katoomba 1939 &amp; 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 424, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken); no record of AOCP - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1933-1934); casual worker (Katoomba, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Katoomba, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABQ-2DL-2WZ-2ACP - William James Zech&quot;

===''ZEUNERT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zeunert|Zeunert, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ivan Zeunert|Zeunert, Stanley Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVX-Q15] - 1921(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Hamilton (1938-1939); 3SZ Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1954; Glenroy, 1955-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2124, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer's assistant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1967; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

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{{CompactTOC8|side=yes}}

Thumbnail Radio Biographies sorted alphabetically by surname

'''Many of the stars of Australia's Radio Universe'''

'''Covering the full gamut from hypergiants to brown dwarfs'''

'''Each lit the way forward to broadcasting in Australia'''

=='''A'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Abbiss|Abbiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ABBISS''===

* [[/John Edwin Frederick Abbiss|Abbiss, John Edwin Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZJ-6H9] - 1907(Eng)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Balmoral, 1930; Morningside, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 581, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Evans Deakin shipyards) - Halcyon: p. 83, Abiss - Electoral Rolls: engineering draftsman (Morningside, 1936); draftsman (Coorparoo, 1937; Morningside, 1949-1977) 

===''ABBOTT''===

* [[/Reginald Nicholson Abbott|Abbott, Reginald Nicholson or Nicolson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FTG] - 1897(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VR Melbourne (Alphington, 1923-1927); 3ABB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 273, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Alphinton, 1925-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949); technician (Caulfield, 1954-1977)

* [[/Roy Edgar Abbott|Abbott, Roy Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6MT-CZX] - 1902(NSW)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 2YK Dorrigo (1930-1931); 2YK Telegraph Point (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 668, 1921; 2COCP 179, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Dorrigo, 1930; Telegraph Point, 1933-1937; Mittagong, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Kingsmill Abbott|Abbott, Thomas Kingsmill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHFH-4FH] - 1891(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Wingen (1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely military) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Graziers' Assoc NSW) - Comment: beware other contemporaneous TK Abbotts - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Muralla, 1913); grazier (Wollongong, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/209607 Obit]

===''ABRAHAMS''===

* [[/Frank Abrahams|Abrahams, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G836-Y6P] - 1903(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6089, 1966 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (St Kilda, 1925-1931); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1935-1936; Malvern, 1943-1967; Toorak, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of Louis Henry Abrahams

* [[/Louis Henry Abrahams|Abrahams, Louis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GJ-GZP] - 1889(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1; director (Victorian Radio Interests Ltd); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: potter (Brunswick, 1909); tobacconist (South Yarra, 1912-1921); manufacturer (St Kilda, 1924-1926); burner (Brunswick, 1937-1942) - Relationships: brother of 3FA Frank Abrahams

===''ACKERMAN''===

* [[/Joseph Adam Ackerman|Ackerman, Joseph Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZV-49L] - 1911(NSW)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 2ALG Sydney (Carlton, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2ALG Wentworthville (1950); 2ALG Sydney (Parramatta, 1954-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2229, 1938, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Paddington, 1932; Annandale, 1933-1936; Kogarah, 1937-1943; Carlton, 1949); clerk (Parramatta, 1954-1958); senior supervisor (Wentworthville, 1963; Epping, 1968-1972); retired (Sans Souci, 1977; Hurstville, 1980)

===''ACKLING''===

* [[/Harold Daniel Ackling|Ackling, Harold Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD5F-8RK] - 1892(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2PX Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 612, 1930, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Randwick, 1913); machinist (Bankstown, 1930-1980)

===''ACKLAND''===

* [[/Robert Gernand Ackland|Ackland, Robert Gernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCB4-3X8] - 1912(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AJJ Sydney (Cremorne, 1938; Drummoyne, 1939; Cremorne, 1946-1950); 2AJJ Colah (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2090, 1938, NSW; BOCP 148, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (2CR Radio Station, Cumnock, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Cremorne, NSW, 1949; Mt Colah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Stanley Frederick Gloucester Ackland|Ackland, Stanley Frederick Gloucester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5PB-C2Y] - 1904(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Prospect, 1923); 5SF Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1931; Linden Park, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 21, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Burnside, 1939-1943)

===''ACLAND''===

* [[/Bruce Acland|Acland, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1K-4M3] - 1920(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2AJR Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2085, 1938, NSW; COCP1 411, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Awards: Civilian Service Medal 1997 (1939-1945); King's Commendation for Brave Conduct 1943 (Darwin Civil Aerodrome during Japanese Air Raids) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Concord, NSW, 1943); airways engineer (Doomben, Qld, 1949-1972); surveyor (Paradise Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ADAMS''===

* [[/Alfred William Adams|Adams, Alfred William or William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZV-LDY] - 1908(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3VJ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1960; Mt Waverley, 1965; Scoresby, 1975); 3VJ Tootgarook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1955, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); leather worker (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1967); storeman (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972; Tootgarook, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/David Joseph Monk Adams|Adams, David Joseph Monk]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-ZHF] - 1919(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2AE Sydney (Wahroonga, 1934-1937; Turramurra, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Turramurra, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Turramurra, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Francis Alexander Adams|Adams, Francis Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2S2-RVF] - 1904(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ER Sydney (Carlingford, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 973, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank John Adams|Adams, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-29V] - 1880(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XO Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3XO Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 155, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; manager - Electoral Rolls: motor garage proprietor (Brighton, 1913); garage proprietor (Elsternwick, 1919-1921; Brighton, 1922-1924); manager (Brighton, 1925-1954); nil (Brighton, 1963-1968)

* [[/Lyal Kenneth Westgarth Adams|Adams, Lyal Kenneth Westgarth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBR5-24H] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1947); 2LA Wollongong (1948); 2LA Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1476, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943); police sergeant (Wollongong, NSW, 1949-1954); police inspector (Goulburn, NSW, 1958; Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Austinmer, NSW, 1963); retired (Wollongong, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Peter Harry Arthur Adams|Adams, Peter Harry Arthur &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3N-XMC] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Sydney (Cremorne, 1923-1924); 2JX Sydney (Cremorne, 1927; Manly, 1929; Cremorne, 1930; Gordon, 1931; Woolahra, 1933; Epping, 1933; Cremorne, 1935-1936; Thornleigh, 1937; Waverton, 1938-1939; Denistone, 1946-1947; Avalon Beach, 1948-1950); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1954-1961); 2JX Sydney (Pymble, 1965-1969); 2JX Nambucca Heads (1975); 2JX Wentworth Falls (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 380, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, 1933); labourer (Epping, 1934); engineer (St Kilda, 1934); radio engineer (Thornleigh, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1943); engineer (Avalon Beach, 1949; Wentworth Falls, 1958); retired (Valla Beach, 1972-1977; Wentworth Falls, 1980)

===''ADAMSON''===

* [[/Lawrence Arthur Adamson|Adamson, Lawrence Arthur &quot;Dicky&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRD-JLJ] - 1860(Isle of Man)-1932(Vic) - Licences: XJDY Melbourne (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Wesley College, South Yarra, Vic, 1903-1906; Wesley College, Prahran, Vic, 1909-1931) - Links: [[w:Lawrence Adamson|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/adamson-lawrence-arthur-4971 ADB]

* [[/William Kenneth Adamson|Adamson, William Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MLXZ-HX5] - 1905(SA)-1982(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923-1924); 5WA Adelaide (Parkside, 1925-1927; Fullarton, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 135, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''ADEY''===

* [[/William Ross Adey|Adey, William Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZN-D6P] - 1922(SA)-2004(USA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (St Peters, 1947-1948); 3AJL Melbourne (Ashwood, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2259, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Burnside, SA, 1943)

===''AGER''===

* [[/John Henry Ager|Ager, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6S-9CN] - 1904(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2181, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio mechanic (Musgrave's) - Comment: possible suicide - Electoral Rolls: general carrier (Youanmi, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1943) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44810878 Trove]

===''AGNEW''===

* [[/Robert Gordon Carlisle Agnew|Agnew, Robert Gordon Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKK-D8Y] - 1904(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6RA Perth (Nedlands, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 721, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1925; Nedlands, WA, 1931-1972)

===''AINSLIE''===

* [[/Robert Inglis Ainslie|Ainslie, Robert Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM77-441] - 1909(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6CF Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1968; Crawley, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AITKIN''===

* [[/William Aitkin|Aitkin, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-Y7B] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XLA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Pay Corps, 1915-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WAs - Electoral Rolls: banker (Caulfield, Vic, 1922-1928; Brighton, Vic, 1928-1954); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963; Camden, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''AKED''===

* [[/Edward Louis John Aked|Aked, Edward Louis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTC-T4Z] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AEU Lismore (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEU East Ballina (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1763, 1936, NSW; BOCP 117, 1937; COCP2 898, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (P.O. Residence, Ballina, NSW, 1943); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1972); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1980)

===''AKEROYD''===

* [[/Arthur Gordon Akeroyd|Akeroyd, Arthur Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F2-JXL] - 1890(Vic)-1948(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Meteorologist, Forecasting and Statistical Division, Victoria) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1915); meteorologist (Northcote, 1921-1937); civil servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/akeroyd-arthur-gordon-9321 ADB]

* [[/R. Akeroyd|Akeroyd, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCX Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''ALDER''===

*[[/Oscar Edward Alder|Alder, Oscar Edward &quot;Ock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ2-D3P] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4JB Brisbane (Albion, 1928-1939, 1946-1948; Chermside, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 423, 1928, No. 47 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wool classer - Halcyon: p. 28, 84, 137 - Electoral Rolls: student (Albion, 1919); wool classer (Albion, 1925-1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); warehouse assistant (Chermside, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Lake Valentine Alder|Alder, William Lake Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCD-Q24] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Receive Melbourne (Chelsea, 1923); 3JE Melbourne (Chelsea, 1932-1933); 3JE Yarram (1937-1939); 3JE Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 882, 1932, Viv - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chelsea, Vic, 1928-1931); mechanic (Coleraine, Vic, 1934-1936); radiotrician (Yarram, Vic, 1937); electrician (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942); inspector (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''ALDERMAN''===

* [[/Valentine Zerbini Alderman|Alderman, Valentine Zerbini]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVL-F8N] - 1893(SA)-1919(SA) - Licences: XVC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALEXANDER''===

* [[/John Douglas Alexander|Alexander, John Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9D-WFZ] - 1906(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6DR Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1931); civil engineer (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); contractor engineer (Maylands, WA, 1949); farmer (Chidlow, WA, 1954-1963); engineer (Salter Point, WA, 1968; Manning, WA, 1972); retired (Mt Lawley, WA, 1977)

* [[/Peter Alfred Hunt Alexander|Alexander, Peter Alfred Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL5-PS9] - 1923(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2PA Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2402, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Carlingford, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Talbot Meredith Alexander|Alexander, Talbot Meredith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1FJ-MZN] - 1888(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4TM Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1931-1933); 4TM Townsville (North Ward, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 315, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kew, Vic, 1912-1914); wireless instructor (Melbourne City, 1925-1926); superintendent wireless (Glenferrie, Vic, 1926-1927); sales representative (City, Brisbane, 1928); business manager (North Ward, Qld, 1936-1937); instructor (Paddington, Qld, 1943); commercial traveller (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949; New Farm, 1954-1958); retired (Moorooka, 1968-1977)

===''ALLAN''===

* [[/Angus John Allan|Allan, Angus John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2C-YWF] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5UL Adelaide (Ovingham, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2013, 1937, SA; 1COCP 458, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ovingham, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/John Allan|Allan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-PFG] - 1905(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Chermside, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1938, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous JAs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ALLARD''===

* [[/George Mason Allard|Allard, George Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HT-JMV] - 1866(Eng)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman of Directors (AWA); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Honours: knighted; K.B. - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Wahroonga, 1930-1937); accountant (Wahroonga, 1943-1949) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allard-sir-george-mason-4999 ADB] - TroveTag: &quot;George Mason Allard&quot;

===''ALLEN''===

* [[/Albert Edward Allen|Allen, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69B-SGR] - 1902(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: 7PA Hobart (New Town, 1933-1937; Moonah, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1171, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 7AL Thomas Arthur Allen - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (New Town, 1928-1936; Moonah, 1937-1954)

* [[/George Alexander Allen|Allen, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3H-DJK] - 1891(Sct)-1965(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 49, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Keith Allen|Allen, George Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR3X-SLR] - 1897(Vic)-1962(Eng) - Licences: XJDT Melbourne (Coburg, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Air Mechanic, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coburg, Vic, 1922-1925) 

* [[/Kenneth Douglas Allen|Allen, Kenneth Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N5-19J] - 1907(WA)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 2GX Sydney (West Ryde, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 648, 1930, NSW; 3COCP 4263, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Royal Australian Engineers, Lieutenant, 1940) - Education: BSc (Syd Uni, 1933) - Electoral Rolls: student (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935); director (Woolwich, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Woolwich, NSW, 1943); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1963-1972; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977; Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gidney Allen|Allen, Kenneth Gidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-PHQ] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3UH Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1965; Chadstone, 1969; Clayton, 1975; Chadstone, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 809, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); radio (Malvern, Vic, 1967; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Robert Kelvin Allen|Allen, Robert Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTK-TH9] - 1916(Qld)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 4PR Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1634, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 13 Squadron, Pilot Officer; Army, CMF, 1939-1946); (Halcyon, p. 177) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/allen-robert-kelvin-404945/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10308870 AWM Honour Roll]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/617992 VWMA]

* [[/Robert Newstead Osborne Allen|Allen, Robert Newstead Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-BXM] - 1908(India)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6CC Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1968); retired (Gosnells, WA, 1977; Armadale, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Arthur Allen|Allen, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SQ-9YN] - 1916(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7AL Hobart (New Town, 1936-1939, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne,1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1738, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 7PA Albert Edward Allen - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1943-1954); director (Lindisfarne, 1963-1972)

===''ALLINSON''===

* [[/Lancelot Thirlmier John Allinson|Allinson, Lancelot Thirlmier John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L81B-F4P] - 1896(NSW)-1961(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 804, 1924 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radiotelegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931; Como, WA, 1931; South Perth, WA, 1936-1943; Broome, WA, 1949-1954); telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1958)

===''ALLISON''===

* [[/Clifford Millbank Allison|Allison, Clifford Millbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4C-2WN] - 1901(SA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Receive Melbourne (North Carlton, 1922); 3AO Melbourne (North Carlton, 1937-1939); 3AZC Melbourne (Sandringham, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 717, 1922; 2COCP 229, 1930; 1COCP 56, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Carlton North, Vic, 1926-1937); constable (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''ALLSOP''===

* [[/Raymond Cottam Allsop|Allsop, Raymond Cottam &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJLT-SNJ] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XCA Sydney (Randwick, 1911-1914); 2YG Sydney (Randwick, 1924; Coogee 1924-1929; Roseville, 1930); 2AYG Sydney (Roseville, 1946-1947+); 2NA Sydney (Roseville, 1961); 2BL Sydney (Roseville, 1965-1969); Receive licence obo New Systems Telephones (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW); broadcaster (2BL, chief engineer); journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1920s); military (RAN Volunteer Reserve, Lieutenant; WW2 (RAN, Engineer Lieutenant); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 (obo Broadcasters Sydney Ltd; federal public servant (ABCB, member, 1953-1954) - Honours: Coronation Medal, 1937; OBE, 1971 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1930); engineer (Roseville, 1933; Gordon, 1937; Roseville, 1943); electronic engineer (Roseville, 1949); director (South Yarra, 1954); engineer (Roseville, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XCA-2YG-2AYG-2NA-2BL - Raymond Cottam Allsop&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allsop-raymond-cottam-ray-9344 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199001.pdf EA]

===''ALLWORTH''===

* [[/William Murray Allworth|Allworth, William Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZC-8KW] - 1901(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1922); 2CT Receive Yamba (1923); 2OE Yass (1936-1939); 2OE Foster (1946); 2OE Yamba (1947); 2OE Maclean (1948-1950); 2OE Grafton (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1598, 1936, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Toronto, NSW, 1930; Swansea, NSW, 1932-1934; Yass, NSW, 1937); inspector of fisheries (Forster, NSW, 1943); fisheries inspector (Maclean, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''ALSOP''===

* [[/James Guest Alsop|Alsop, James Guest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WM-V9K] - 1904(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Sydney (Lakemba, 1932-1937); 2ACY Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 909, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CY amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2CY Canberra National service - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/John Russell Alsop|Alsop, John Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB3-WXQ] - 1906(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MI Melbourne (Kew, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 76, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Kew, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1958-1972)

===''ALTMAN''===

* [[/Louis Altman|Altman, Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCK-3PN] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Sydney (Bexley, 1931-1933; Lakemba, 1934-1939, 1946-1961; Pymble, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 851, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1949); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1963; Pymble, NSW, 1968)

===''AMBLER''===

* [[/Sydney Charles Ambler|Ambler, Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWD-Y9L] - 1892(NSW)-1956(WA) - Licences: XYAE Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 891, 1925; 2COCP 72, 1929; 1COCP 158, 1938 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (East Perth, WA, 1921; North Perth, WA, 1925); wireless telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1934-1943); radio telegraphist (Esperance, WA, 1949); radio telephonist (Esperance, WA, 1954)

===''AMES''===

* [[/Clement Edgar Ames|Ames, Clement Edgar &quot;Clem&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDX-JF8] - 1889(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: XVG Adelaide (Torrensville, 1913-1914); 5AV Adelaide (Kent Town, 1923; Hindmarsh, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - Radio Activity: early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operator 5WI (1925) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Allenby Gardens, 1939-43) - TroveTag: &quot;XVG-5AV - Clement Edgar Ames&quot;

===''AMOR''===

* [[/Herbert Roy Amor|Amor, Herbert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQ6-6ZW] - 1910(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3LB Colac (1931-1933); 3LB Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3LB Marengo (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 844, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Colac, Vic, 1931); airman (Preston, Vic, 1937-1942; RAAF Darwin, NT, 1949); RAAF (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Marengo, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ANCHER''===

* [[/Norman Leslie Finion Ancher|Ancher, Norman Leslie Finion or Tinian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-MCQ] - 1910(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 5NA Adelaide (Mile End, 1937-1939); 2NH Sydney (Lindfield, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948-1954; Cremorne, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2057, 1937, SA; BOCP 476, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1934); sound engineer (West Maitland, NSW, 1936); engineer (Mile End, SA, 1939; Rose Park, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1972); technical officer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ANDERSON''===

* [[/Alexander Ronald Anderson|Anderson, Alexander Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-L6J] - 1914(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5GM Adelaide (Eastwood, 1936-1939, 1947; Payneham South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1700, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Eastwood, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Oswald Anderson|Anderson, Andrew Oswald &quot;Oswald&quot;, &quot;Andy&quot;, &quot;A.O.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-Z8L] - 1885(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, 1913); manager (Rose Bay, 1930; Vaucluse, 1934-1935) - Links: [https://ozvta.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/anderson-oswald-1062017.pdf Bio]

* [[/Eric William Alfred Anderson|Anderson, Eric William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WX-744] - 1908(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3KH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1928-1931; Glen Iris, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 424, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); engineer (Camberwell, 1943; Glen Iris, 1949-1968; Burwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Evan Anderson|Anderson, Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8K-87V] - 1902(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EA Port Welshpool (1937-1939); Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1880, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Abbotsford, Vic, 1925-1926); wireless mechanic (Meeniyan, Vic, 1928); fisherman (Port Welshpool, Vic, 1936-1943); inspector D.A.P. (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/F. W. Anderson|Anderson, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LE Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1922); 965 Sydney (Bondi, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frederic Brian Anderson|Anderson, Frederic Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YN-TYJ] - 1918(Eng)-2008(SA)90yo - Licences: 5FA Tanunda (1934-1939); 5FA Waikerie (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1351, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tanunda, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/G. R. Anderson|Anderson, G. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Gilberton, 1923); 5GA Adelaide (Highgate, 1931-1933; Myrtle Bank, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Shields Anderson|Anderson, James Shields]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSG-BYJ] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Preston, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2357, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1926-1931); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1934-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

* [[/John Francis Anderson|Anderson, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JJ-WFL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JA Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3JA Nullawarre (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 661, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Warrnambool, 1936; Nullawarre, 1937-1980)- Comment: Several contemporaneous JFAs

* [[/Keith Sydney Anderson|Anderson, Keith Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-8J9] - 1911(WA)-1944(Vic) - Licences: 6KS Perth (North Perth, 1935); 6KS Mt Magnet (1937); 6KS Perth (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1487, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd/1st Infantry Battalion, Private) - Electoral rolls: bank officer (Mt Magnet, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/618137 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1691738 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10295040 AWM]

* [[/Maurice Bernard Anderson|Anderson, Maurice Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3V-WL9] - 1908(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1923-1924); 5MA Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1925-1928); 3AMA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 103, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; fitter - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/Percy James Anderson|Anderson, Percy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WN-6Y7] - 1908(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PA Melbourne (Westgarth, 1928-1933; West Preston, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PA Dooen (1965-1969); 3PA Geelong (Wallington, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 428, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Westgarth, 1934); engineer (Preston, 1936-1963); technician (Horsham, 1967-1968); retired (Wallington, 1972-1980) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3JR Christopher James Rainbow

* [[/Robert Arthur Crosbie Anderson|Anderson, Robert Arthur Crosbie &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-GZN] - 1908(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3WY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 691, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Camberwell, 1931-1949; Glen Iris, 1954-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Alexander Anderson|Anderson, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9F-F36] - 1906(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Harwood Island (1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1113, 1928 (Spark); COCP2 93, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Harwood Island, NSW, 1932-1937); labourer (Chatsworth Island, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''ANDREWS''===

* [[/Alan Robert Andrews|Andrews, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQW-6GJ] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Erson Leonard Andrews|Andrews, Erson Leonard &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55V-CD8] - 1916(NSW)-2016(NSW)100yo - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1947; Fairfield West, 1948-1950); 2BO Goulburn (1954-1980+); 2BBO Mossy Point (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2251, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenelg, SA, 1939); medical detailer (Fairfield, NSW, 1949); chemist (Goulburn, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Goulburn, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Howard Lyell Andrews|Andrews, Howard Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WQ9-H6M] - 1900(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HY Murchison (1936-1939); 3HY Melbourne (East Kew, 1947-1948); 3HY Hamilton (1954-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1840, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Koo Wee Rup, Vic, 1924; Neerim South, Vic, 1928; Tatura, Vic, 1931; Murchison, Vic, 1936-1942; Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954; Hamilton, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''ANEAR''===

* [[/Francis George Anear|Anear, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XLK-9D6] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5LK Carrow (1929-1931); 9WZ Momote, Admiralty Islands (1954); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1955); 3AGF Melbourne (Laverton, 1960); 5WZ Adelaide (Parkside, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 556, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as Francis George Anear

===''ANGEL''===

* [[/Henry Benjamin Angel|Angel, Henry Benjamin &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWW-K4Y] - 1891(Eng)-1998(Qld, 106yo) - Licences: 4HA Brisbane (St Lucia, 1935-1939; Enoggera, 1946-1969; Lota, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1503, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW1, AIF Signals; WW2, AMF, Navy); business proprietor (radio service) - QSLs: Entire collection held by SLQ - Halcyon: p. 51, 60, 81, 163 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919; Toowong, Qld, 1919-1925); carrier (St Lucia, Qld, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Lota, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''ANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Anscombe|Anscombe, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TL-7LR] - 1888(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: turner &amp; fitter (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1913; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914); mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); manager (Box Hill, Vic, 1927-1943)

===''ANSELL''===

* [[/Lewis Charles Ansell|Ansell, Lewis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLZ-T41] - 1905(Eng)-1983(???) - Licences: 2TO Sydney (Woollahra, 1932-1937); 2TO Newcastle (Waratah, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 2BTO Newcastle (Waratah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1028, 1932, NSW; COCP2 427, 1933; COCP1 331, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval wireless operator (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1931); police trainee (Woollahra, NSW, 1932-1933); constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Waratah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ANSLOW''===

* [[/Arthur Zeathen Anslow|Anslow, Arthur Zeathen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSK-ZHF] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Balgowlah, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Manly, NSW, 1930-1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1972)

===''ANSTEY''===

* [[/David Howell Anstey|Anstey, David Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHB-B3C] - 1906(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4DM Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2237, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Coorparoo, Qld, 1934-1937); taxi driver (Buranda, Qld, 1943); manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''ANTHONY''===

* [[/Michael Henry Anthony|Anthony, Michael Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK3H-6B7] - 1894(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); telegraphist (Prahran, 1921-1924); clerk (Oakleigh, 1934); railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); telegraphist (Sandringham, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Major Anthony|Anthony, Reginald Major &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYN-YWG] - 1908(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5CM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1937; Medindie Gardens, 1938-1939; Prospect, 1946-1960; Somerton Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 324, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Wilfred Boykett Anthony - Electoral Rolls: Nil

* [[/Thomas Reginald Anthony|Anthony, Thomas Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51Y-JSK] - 1906(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2HR Sydney (Concord, 1935-1936); 2AEC Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 2TR Sydney (Burwood, 1946; Kogarah, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1484, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2HR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2HR Lochinvar? commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1932; Concord, NSW, 1933-1935); electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Wilfred Boykett Anthony|Anthony, Wilfred Boykett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYJ-3HZ] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil identified - amateur receive operator, WW2 - Relationships: Brother of Reginald Major Anthony - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Netherby, 1939-1941)

===''APPERLEY''===

* [[/George Apperley|Apperley, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNQ-5XG] - 1887(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 704, 1922; 1COCP 237, 1931 - NZ Gov. Telegraphs pre 1910; British Colonial Gov, 1910-1912; AWA (from 1913; Chief Marconi Wireless School 1914-1916; Works Manager 1916-1919; technical superintendent 1919-1923; OIC Beam Wireless 1924; Traffic Manager, Beam Wireless - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1922); manager (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1943); engineer (Manly, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;George Apperley&quot;

===''APPLETON''===

* [[/William Thomas Traill Appleton|Appleton, William Thomas Traill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVQ-RR8] - 1883(Vic)-1916(France) - Licences: XJQ Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: ship owner (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1916) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/275799 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ARCHER''===

* [[/Robert William Archer|Archer, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55M-G19] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2UD Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1517, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1943-1958); electrical engineer (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''ARCHIBALD''===

* [[/Ian Wilson Archibald|Archibald, Ian Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-9LC] - 1902(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Receive Tingha (1922); 2KU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1928-1939, 1946-1955; Sans Souci, 1956-1965; Noraville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 457, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 2393, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1933); engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1936-1954); chemist (Sans Souci, 1958-1963); retired (Noraville, 1968)

* [[/Leslie Kirkwood Archibald|Archibald, Leslie Kirkwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS53-BDL] - 1920(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2155, 1938, Vic; BOCP 230, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Footscray South, Vic, 1949); finisher (South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Moorabbin, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ARGAET''===

* [[/William Stanislaus Argaet|Argaet, William Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-8Z8] - 1894(NSW)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4KH Brisbane (Wynnum, 1931-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (Wynnum bus service) - Halcyon, p. 87, 127 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, 1925); bus proprietor (Wynnum, 1928-1949)

===''ARGOON''===

* [[/Archibald John Argoon|Argoon, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4V-JQG] - 1914(SA)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3IT Melbourne (Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1319, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burwood, Vic, 1936-1937); broadcast mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1968); audio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ARMATI''===

* [[/Rex Gordon Armati|Armati, Rex Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2S42-XKH] - 1899(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1921-1928); salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); chemist's assistant (Stanton Hill, Townsville, 1936-1943); employment officer (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1954-1958; Kings Cross, 1963); shipping clerk (Surry Hills, 1968-1972)

===''ARMSTRONG''===

* [[/Edwin Howard Armstrong|Armstrong, Edwin Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5ZX-354] - 1890(USA)-1954(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - USA inventor of the superheterodyne receiver [https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Radio-Club-of-America/Legacies-of-Edwin-Howard-Armstong-1990-11-Radio-Club-of-America.pdf RCA 1990 Special Edition]

* [[/Stanley John Armstrong|Armstrong, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4V-K7Y] - 1910?(NSW)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4ZK Brisbane (Enoggera, 1932-1933); 4SA Brisbane (Enoggera, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1004, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Windsor, Qld, 1919); clerk (Enoggera, Qld, 1922-1968)

* [[/Thomas Armstrong|Armstrong, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Q-GGZ] - 1895(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 217, 1916; 1COCP 132, 1930 - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD) - senior federal public servant (Superintendent, Wireless Branch, NSW, PMGD), promoted to role upon retirement of William Tamillas Stephen Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;Thomas Armstrong&quot;

* [[/W. E. Armstrong|Armstrong, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WE Mt Sisa, Misima Island, Papua (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ARNOLD''===

* [[/Albert Sydney Arnold|Arnold, Albert Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M2W-ZG2] - 1882(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XAB Sydney (Ashfield, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1913-1954); company secretary (Hurlstone Park, 1958); retired (Hurlstone Park, 1963)

* [[/Clifton John Arnold|Arnold, Clifton John &quot;Clif&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8B-GTM] - 1915(Tas)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3AJA Stratford (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2550, 1945, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stratford, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Edwin Charles Arnold|Arnold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8QX-H7J] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Receive Tamworth (1922); 2BY Tamworth (1923-1925); 2BY Coolah (1925-1927); 2BY Sydney (Manly, 1928; Mona Vale, 1933-1936); 2AGW Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 226, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mona Vale, 1931-1934), clerk (Balgowlah Heights, 1943-1968)

* [[/Ernest Noel Arnold|Arnold, Ernest Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84H-8J6] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Albury (1923-1924); 2OJ Albury (1928-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 452, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albury, 1930-1937); fruit merchant (Albury, 1949-1977)

* [[/John Bowman Arnold|Arnold, John Bowman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN22-6GS] - 1899(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: XJCL Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 350, 1918 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924; Gardiner, Vic, 1926-1937; Vermont, Vic, 1942-1963; Kew, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Leslie Grahame Arnold|Arnold, Joseph Leslie Grahame &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L853-R3J] - 1912(Vic)-1991(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Launceston (City, 1934-1939; Invermay, 1946-1956; Mowbray, 1960-1969; City, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1263, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Launceston North, 1936-1954); mechanic (Mowbray, 1968)

* [[/William Henry Redvers Arnold|Arnold, William Henry Redvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J7-SZ1] - 1903(Eng)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Wembley, 1936-1937); 6BA Katanning (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1762, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1937); electrical fitter (Katanning, WA, 1943; Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); fitter (Scarborough, WA, 1954); electrician (Scarborough, WA, 1958); engineer (Floreat Park, WA, 1963); electrical contractor (West Perth, WA, 1968; South Perth, WA, 1972); electrician (Australind, WA, 1977)

===''ARTHUR''===

* [[/Charles James Glendon Arthur|Arthur, Charles James Glendon &quot;Glen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-T62] - 1915(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences 4GJ Dayboro (1935-1939); 4GJ Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1450, 1935, Qld; BOCP?; 2COCP 493, 1941; 1COCP 639, 1942 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 80 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, 1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, 1949-1980)

* [[/Roy William Arthur|Arthur, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-FBT] - 1906(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2ADO Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1743, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wollongong, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1958)

===''ASHBURY''===

* [[/A. W. C. Ashbury|Ashbury, A. W. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Townsville (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ASHBY''===

* [[/Maurice John Ashby|Ashby, Maurice John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-L1C] - 1901(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4DH Receive Dalby (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 899, 1925; 2COCP 94, 1930; 1COCP 281, 1932 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dalby, 1922); labourer (Greenslopes, 1925); salesman (Glebe, 1933; Northbridge, 1935-1936; Epping, 1937); radio telegraphist (New Farm, Qld, 1943); planning assistant (Haberfield, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949; Thornleigh, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''ASHE''===

* [[/Reginald Bartley Ashe|Ashe, Reginald Bartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4C2-8ZQ] - 1895(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: XLF Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 4th Australian Division Signals Company) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern East, Vic, 1922); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1925); insurance inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1926) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1587219 AWM - Military Cross]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10187003 AWM - Lieutenant]

===''ASHFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Henry Ashford|Ashford, Herbert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13X-1V4] - 1876(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 6CM Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: batteryman (Jolimont, WA, 1912-1913); civil servant (Bunbury, WA, 1916); mechanic (West Subiaco, WA, 1922-1931); telephone mechanic (Kenwick, WA, 1936); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1937; Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1937; Canley Vale, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''ASHLEY''===

* [[/George William Richard Ashley|Ashley, George William Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF96-CMZ] - 1919(Eng)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6GA Perth (Carlisle, 1938-1939, 1947-1954); 6GA Kalgoorlie (1955-1956); 6GA Perth (Mt Yokine, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2094, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlisle, WA, 1943-1949); communications officer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

* [[/Percy Ashley|Ashley, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6JV-FSN] - 1888(Eng)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely Navy qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naval Depot, Williamstown, Vic, 1914-1917); telegraphist (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1922); RANR (Footscray, Vic, 1924); telegraphist (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1925); CPO instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1926-1927); instructor (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1931; Prahran, Vic, 1935-1937); labourer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); nil (East Shelbourne, Vic, 1954; Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1963-1967)

===''ASHLIN''===

* [[/Eric Robert Ashlin|Ashlin, Eric Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSRF-44C] - 1910(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4EA Brisbane (Annerley, 1931-1933); 4EA Toowoomba (1937-1939); 4EA Coolangatta (1946-1947); 4EA Bilinga (1948-1975) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 873, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Rosentengels, radio service); military (WW2; signals officer) - Halcyon: p. 73, 127, 163 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1943; Bilinga, Qld, 1949-1963); TV technician (Bilinga, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''ASMUS''===

* [[/Hermann Johann Christian Alexander Asmus|Asmus, Hermann Johann Christian Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3P-959] - 1889(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3ET Melbourne (Footscray, 1933-1939; Melbourne City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1084, 1933, Vic; 2COCP 254, 1939; 1COCP 281, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Tambo, Qld, 1913); not stated (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); nil (Footscray, Vic, 1928-1937)

===''ASMUSSEN''===

* [[/Donald Wills Asmussen|Asmussen, Donald Wills &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-65T] - 1932(Qld)-2023(Qld)90yo - Licences: 4ZJA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1965); 4FA Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1507, 1963; AOCP 4367, 1965, Qld - amateur operator; JOTA participant 1960s - Comment: Mentor to SSD - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958-1972; Mt Gravatt East, Qld, 1977)

===''ASPLET''===

* [[/William Cecil Asplet|Asplet, William Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-RZP] - 1919(???)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ALT Sydney (Rockdale, 1939, 1946-1955; Bexley, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2258, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943-1954); telecommunications technician (Bexley, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ASTON''===

* [[/Ronald Horace Aston|Aston, Ronald Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCXN-B4V] - 1913(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2418, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Eastwood, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''ATHELSTONE''===

* [[/G. N. Athelstone|Athelstone, G. N.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5NG Central Australia (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ATHERDEN''===

* [[/Francis Anthony Hugo Atherden|Atherden, Francis Anthony Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KQ-BGB] - 1913(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AEH Broken Hill (1936-1938); 2AEH Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Kyeemagh, 1948; Kogarah, 1950-1969); 2AEH Sussex Inlet (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1754, 1936, NSW; COCP3 N354, 1969 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Harcourt, NSW, 1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); radio technician (Kyeemagh, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Kogarah, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Sussex Inlet South, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ATKINS''===

* [[/Kenneth Joseph Atkins|Atkins, Kenneth Joseph &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXH-NW7] - 1912(Eng)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (Semaphore, 1932-1939; Woodville Park, 1946-1948; Eden Hills, 1954; Blackwood Park, 1955-1960; Campbelltown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 910, 1932, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 415, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Dept. Civil Aviation) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Semaphore, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Morton Atkins|Atkins, Leslie Morton &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCTV-T5T] - 1876(Vic)-1949(WA) - Licences: 4LA Townsville (1924-1926); 5LA Adelaide (Magill, 1926-1931; Tusmore, 1933; Erindale, 1937-1939); seems to have operated in Townsville as 4GD ca Nov 1924? - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (telegraphist, east-west overland telegraph, Eucla, 1910); engineer (PMGD, divisional engineer) - Halcyon: AOCP Townsville 1925, p. 88 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1903-1910; Victoria Park, 1912-1916); district engineer (Townsville, 1919-1925); engineer (Tusmore, 1939); retired (Lismore Base Hospital, NSW, 1943)

===''ATKINSON''===

* [[/John Marshall Atkinson|Atkinson, John Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89L-C6R] - 1906(Eng)-1999(ACT) - Licences: 2RZ Sydney (Mosman, 1927-1930; Carrs Park, 1931-1936; Glebe, 1937; Chippendale, 1938-1939); 4RZ Labrador (1955); 4RZ Gatton (1956-1960); 4RZ Southport (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 331, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, 1930); organiser (Darlinghurst, 1943); shopkeeper (Gatton, 1958-1963; Labrador, 1968); retired (Southport, 1972-1980)

* [[/Noel Whittaker Atkinson|Atkinson, Noel Whittaker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2XX-V88] - 1908(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4WK Brisbane (1929); 4NA Brisbane (1930-1935, Check); 4BT Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1946-1965+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 530, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio sales &amp; service); federal public servant (DCA) - Withdrawal: - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camp Hill, 1937-1977) - (Halcyon, p. 102)

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Atkinson|Atkinson, Reginald Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V5M-WJC] - 1895(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1928-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 412, 1928, No. 46 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1919); accountant (Rosewood, 1925); timber merchant (Yeronga, 1925; Thompson Estate, 1937-1949; Southport, 1958-1963)

* [[/Robert Henry Atkinson|Atkinson, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-2P3] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6WZ Perth (Victoria Park, 1936-1939); 6WZ Geraldton (1947-1955); 6WZ Albany (1956-1965); 6WZ Katanning (1969); 6WZ Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1804, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1937); radio announcer (Geraldton, WA, 1943); broadcast station manager (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Albany, WA, 1958-1968); radio announcer (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''AUGUSTESEN''===

* [[/Gordon Gerald Augustesen|Augustesen, Gordon Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-LF9] - 1915(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4JN Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1932-1939); 4XQ Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1947-1948; Oakleigh, 1954-1960; Kenmore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1046, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, radar technician); business proprietor (Telair) - Halcyon: p. 85, 127 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mitchelton, Qld, 1943); manager (Auchenflower, Qld, 1949; Dorrington, Qld, 1954-1963; Kenmore, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''AULD''===

* [[/John Redmond Auld|Auld, John Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYN4-8D8] - 1914(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1708, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1943)

===''AUSTIN''===

* [[/Emanuel Maxwell Austin|Austin, Emanuel Maxwell &quot;Mannie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-98K] - 1909(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2KZ Kurri Kurri (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 477, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clipper (Kurri Kurri, 1930-1980)

* [[/Henry Lashbrooke Austin|Austin, Henry Lashbrooke &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4V2-LDC] - 1902(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BN Adelaide (Norwood, 1923-1928); 5AW Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 101, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Victoria Park, SA, 1939; Rose Park, 1941-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;5BN-5AW - Henry Lashbrooke Austin&quot;

* [[/Selwood Charles Austin|Austin, Selwood Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TVV] - 1902(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6SA Perth (Victoria Park, 1927; South Perth, 1930-1956; Maida Vale, 1960-1969; Morley, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 625, 1921; 1COCP 134, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother-in-law of Stanley Hogg - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Perth, WA, 1931-1958); police officer (Maida Vale, WA, 1963-1968; Kalamunda, WA, 1972); retired (Morley, WA, 1977-1980)

===''AUSTWICK''===

* [[/Ernest Dalton Austwick|Austwick, Ernest Dalton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHG-8V7] - 1913(Eng)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NW Sydney (Kirribilli, 1934-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Rose Bay, 1939; Dover Heights, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 437, 1933; COCP1 342, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kirribilli, NSW, 1937); engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); tv mechanic (Earlwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''AVARD''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Avard|Avard, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-RRL] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 620, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 88, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Northcote, 1925-1937); public servant (Kew, 1943-1977)

===''AVERY''===

* [[/Keith George Avery|Avery, Keith George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT31-7VC] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AMS Sydney (Harbord, 1939); 4KG Brisbane (Hamilton, 1947-1948); 2KJ Uranquinty (1955); 3AJV Melbourne (City, 1956); 4KN Ipswich (Amberley, 1965); 4KG Townsville (1969); 4KG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1975); 4KG Townsville (Yacht Panku, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2333, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1096, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toombul, Qld, 1949); broadcasting technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954); RAAF (Dickson, ACT, 1963); RAAF (RAAF Base, Garbutt, Qld, 1968; RAAF Base, Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''AYLING''===

* [[/Russell Newberry Ayling|Ayling, Russell Newberry or Newbury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G96N-91L] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1616, 1936, NSW; BOCP 37, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Dubbo, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); broadcasting (Ermington, NSW, 1958-1963); advertising executive (Beecroft, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''AYRE''===

* [[/Denys Randall Ayre|Ayre, Denys Randall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6H5-H32] - 1920(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3KP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; Box Hill, 1948-1954; Malvern, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1786, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1949-1954); architect (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''AYRES''===

* [[/John Alfred Ayres|Ayres, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55X-F9K] - 1913(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2IN Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1937; Hurstville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1502, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1937; Waverley South, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949)

=='''B'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''BACKHOUSE''===

* [[/Samuel Burder Stewart Backhouse|Backhouse, Samuel Burder Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB6Z-H55] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1969-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2070, 1938, Vic; BOCP 149, 1938; TVOCP 168, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963-1967; Caulfield South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BACKLER''===

* [[/Eric Lincoln Backler|Backler, Eric Lincoln]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV8Q-6SK] - 1911(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5HK Kingston SE (1933-1939, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1093, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Kingston, SA, 1939)

===''BADENOCH''===

* [[/James Herbert Lionel Badenoch|Badenoch, James Herbert Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-3XK] - 1913(NSW)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5LB Adelaide (Trinity Gardens, 1932-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1012, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BADER''===

* [[/Henry Adolphus Frederick Bader|Bader, Henry Adolphus Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97M3-V5X] - 1866(Ger)-1928(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Chairman, Trading Committee, Wireless Development Assoc (Perth); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WDA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (North Perth, 1913-1926)

===''BADGER''===

* [[/Albert Victor Badger|Badger, Albert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9RY-9X6] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2YT Receive Sydney (Rozelle, 1923-1924); 2AB Sydney (Rozelle, 1925-1926; North Sydney, 1927-1929; Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1931-1934; Leichhardt, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 202, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Hobart East, 1919); picture operator (Crows Nest, 1930; Rozelle, 1934; Lilyfield, 1937-1972; Leichhardt, 1977-1980)

===''BAGST''===

* [[/E. D. A. Bagst|Bagst, E. D. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5EB Adelaide (Woodville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: individual not yet identified, possibly Elizabeth D. Bagst nee Boyle who married Leslie Bagst at Newtown, NSW 1925, possible YL operator

===''BAIL''===

* [[/Frederick George Bail|Bail, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-328] - 1917(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3YS Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1844, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3ABA James Oliver Bail - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Box Hill, Vic, 1943-1968; Box Hill North, 1972-1977)

* [[/James Oliver Bail|Bail, James Oliver &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3Q-V6V] - 1914(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3ABA Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 1, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3YS Frederick George Bail - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-54); builder (Box Hill, Vic, 1963; Canterbury, Vic, 1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BAILEY''===

* [[/George Bailey|Bailey, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKW-8PX] - 1882(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5GB Mt Gambier (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 79, 1915 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retired (Mt Gambier, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Edward Bailey| Bailey, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-XSN] - 1916(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AGI Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939); 2AEI Sydney (Bondi, 1950; Kogarah, 1954); 2AEI Narrandera (1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1896, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) – Comment: Another contemporaneous GEB - Electoral Rolls: apprenticed fitter (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943); aircraft surveyor (Narrandera, NSW, 1954);  director (Narrandera, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Jack Harry Bailey|Bailey, Jack Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KG85-LZ4] - 1912(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4JC Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1299, 1934, Qld; BOCP 1902, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical mechanic (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1954); teacher (Tarragindi, Qld, 1958-1963); college principal (Mackay, Qld, 1968); principal (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972; Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Howard Bailey|Bailey, Robert Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLM-1X6] - 1917(SA)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5NW Crystal Brook (1936-1939); 5NW Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1947-1948; Huddleston, 1954-1960); 5NW Crystal Brook (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1764, 1936, SA; BOCP 673, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BAILUE''===

* [[/Ivan Bailue|Bailue, Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-ZTW] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TN Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1937); 2AEL Sydney (Randwick, 1937); 2TN Sydney (Waverley, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Randwick, 1955-1961; Engadine, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1395, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Randwick, NSW, 1943; Waverley, NSW, 1949-1954; Randwick, NSW, 1958); mechanic (Engadine, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''BAIN''===

* [[/Henry Murdoch Bain|Bain, Henry Murdoch or Murdock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY9L-721] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Werribee, 1937-1939); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1947-1948); 3CC Ballarat (1954-1956); 3CC Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 123, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1931); wireless operator (Werribee, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Essendon North, Vic, 1949); RAAF officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954); RAAF (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/John Leonard Bain|Bain, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4V-6SV] - 1891(Eng)-19??(NSW?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 109, 1915 - ship wireless officer (pre WW1, WW1); journalist (technical editor, Listener-In, -1934+); clubs (IRE USA); WW1 (1916-1919); Associate Editor, Popular Radio Weekly (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Popular Radio Weekly, Victoria) - Education: B.Sc.(London) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1925-1936); journalist (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10688424 AWM]

===''BAIRD''===

* [[/Thomas William Allan Baird|Baird, Thomas William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKG-JVD] - 1886(Qld)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Receive Brisbane (Bayswater, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (AIF, 11 Field Company Engineers, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (North Pine, Qld, 1908); labourer (Bayswater, Qld, 1912-1913); storeman (Torwood, Qld, 1916-1943)

* [[/W. Baird|Baird, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIG Sydney (Hurstville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

===''BAKER''===

* [[/Alfred William Baker|Baker, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HT-9KZ] - 1917(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5BQ Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2373, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Andrew Claude Baker|Baker, Andrew Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-RZ9] - 1897(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 144, 1915; 2COCP 193, 1930; 1COCP 303, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917; Rockhampton, 1919-1934)

* [[/Charles Whiteway Baker|Baker, Charles Whiteway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL93-HYP] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3VP Receive Bendigo (1923-1924); 3VP Bendigo (1925-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 156, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 451, 1942 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a &quot;listener&quot;); merchant - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bendigo, 1927-1931); merchant (Bendigo, 1934-1968; Kennington, 1972-1977)

* [[/Edwin Weldon Baker|Baker, Edwin Weldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWP-F1D] - 1895(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4CI Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 733, 1922 - amateur receiver - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Northgate, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ernest James Baker|Baker, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-K5B] - 1904(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2FP Receive Newcastle (Maryville, 1922-1923); 2FP Newcastle (Maryville, 1924-1928; Wickham, 1929; Hamilton, 1930-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 69, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, 1930-1972)

* [[/Herbert Edward Baker|Baker, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-245] - 1875(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Charleville (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; grazier - Halcyon: p. 81, 111 - Electoral Rolls: station manager (Charleville, 1903); grazier (Charleville, 1908-1943)

* [[/Harold Graham Baker|Baker, Harold Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZV-F8J] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3GB Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1436, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, Lieutenant Commander, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943); student (Auburn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Frederick Thomas Baker|Baker, John Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY6-8XY] - 1908(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (Northcote, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 325, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1936; Preston, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Sidney Charles Baker|Baker, Sydney or Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZSZ-J4H] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1922-1924), 3BK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1925-1933; Albert Park, 1937; South Melbourne, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Bonbeach, 1955-1969; Seaford, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 177, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (South Melbourne, 1937); optical mechanic (Carrum, 1963-1972); retired (Carrum, 1977)

* [[/Thomas Despard Baker|Baker, Thomas Despard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSD-1Z3] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3DK Boonoonar (1935-1939); 3DK Melbourne (Sunshine, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1570, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Boonoonar, Vic, 1937; Koo-wee-rup, Vic, 1942); process worker (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1963; Albion, Vic, 1967-1972; Sunshine, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Walter Ross Baker|Baker, Walter Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CY-D78] - 1905(SA)-1978(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''BALDERSON''===

* [[/Loris John Balderson|Balderson, Loris John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-1RW] - 1895(Vic)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; RAAF (Flying Officer, Technical Branch, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: officer, RAAF (Footscray, 1924); flying officer (Werribee, 1925); flight-lieutenant (Werribee, 1931) - Links: [https://www.crossandcockade.com/uploads/Balderson.pdf Bio]

===''BALDEY''===

* [[/Kelvin Coxall Baldey|Baldey, Kelvin Coxall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LG-KYB] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 811, 1931, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1943; Mackay, Qld, 1949; Maryborough, Qld, 1954); bank manager (Boonah, Qld, 1958; Bardon, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BALDOCK''===

* [[/Alexander Baldock|Baldock, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BF-KQ3] - 1915(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3XQ Melbourne (Preston, 1933-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1196, 1933, Vic; COCP2 517, 1941; COCP1 559, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1937-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954)

===''BALL''===

* [[/Cyril William Ball|Ball, Cyril William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q6-7YH] - 1910(Eng)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1938; Brighton-le-Sands, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 747, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1936); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1972; Monterrey, NSW, 1980)

===''BALLINGER''===

* [[/James William Ballinger|Ballinger, James William &quot;Jerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDKS-Z98] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NK Camperdown (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 953, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Camperdown, Vic, 1931-1980)

===''BALSILLIE''===

* [[/John Graeme Balsillie|Balsillie, John Graeme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7MR-7MN] - 1885(Qld)-1924(USA) - radio business proprietor, senior federal public servant (PMGS, Commonwealth Wireless Expert), inventor, (Halcyon, not mentioned) - [https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/balsillie-john-graeme-5117 ADB]

===''BAMFIELD''===

* [[/Alfred George Bamfield|Bamfield, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM19-HNG] - 1892(NSW)-1918(NZL) - Licences: XQJ Corfield (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Halcyon: p. 3 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Muttaburra, Qld, 1913)

===''BANCROFT''===

* [[/Dawn Bancroft|Coleman nee Bancroft, Dawn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5NB-S5X] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author (&quot;Adventures of a Radio Technician: My 50 Years with Telecom and the ABC&quot; &quot;This book is dedicated first of all to my father, Stanley John Bancroft, whose story this is, and all those other unknown and unseen radio technicians working behind the scenes without whom Radio would not exist&quot; - Relationships: Daughter of Stanley John Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

* [[/Stanley John Bancroft|Ryan (biological) or Bancroft (fostered), Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3X-W6M] - 1909(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Broadcast technician (2CY); federal public servant (PMGD, ABC) - Relationships: Father of Dawn Coleman nee Bancroft - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (St Peters, NSW, 1931; Tempe, NSW, 1933-1937); broadcast mechanic (Reid, ACT, 1943); broadcast technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954; Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1968; Lugarno, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2312924559/view NLA Digitised Book]

===''BANKS''===

* [[/Harold Edward William Banks|Banks, Harold Edward William &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S7-3BT] - 1911(NZL)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7HB Hobart (North Hobart, 1938-1939; Richmond, 1946-1956; Penna, 1960-1965; New Town, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (New Zealand?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hobart North, 1936-1937); council clerk (Richmond, 1943-1954)

* [[/Stanley William Banks|Banks, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX94-6DH] - 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2SB Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939); 2ASS Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1122, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937); builder (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BANNISTER''===

* [[/Claude Bannister|Bannister, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8V6-GPZ] - 1892(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCX Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914; Balaclava, Vic, 1914; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1915-1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1919); farmer (Lake Boga, Vic, 1919-1934); sales (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); postal employee (Mansfield, Vic, 1943; Benalla, Vic, 1949-1954); nil (Benalla, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Keith Bannister|Bannister, Henry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCV-X6D] - 1898(Fiji)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XACU - Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Hambledon, Qld, 1921); sugar chemist (Racecourse Mill, Mackay, Qld, 1925); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1963); nil (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XACU - Henry Keith Bannister&quot; - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2152700 WW1 Nominal Roll]

===''BANYER''===

* [[/Ingram Banyer|Banyer, Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9F95-CYX] - 1893(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: XVQ Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Blackwood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BARBER''===

* [[/Samuel George Barber|Barber, Samuel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-66B] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1933-1937; Woodville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1232, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Woodville, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM, Berri, SA, 1941; Glenelg, SA, 1943)

* [[/William Henry Barber|Barber, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY4N-QRD] - 1897(SA)-1965(WA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Cumberland, 1923-1925); 5WH Adelaide (Cumberland, 1926-1931); 5WH Port Pirie (1933-1937); 6DX Kalgoorlie (1938-1939; 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 266, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1937-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;5WH - William Henry Barber&quot;

===''BARBIER''===

* [[/Edward Alphonse Barbier|Barbier, Edward Alphonse or Alphonse Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-5TW] - 1904(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: 5MD Adelaide (Stockdale Reserve, 1932-1939; City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 958, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARBOUR''===

* [[/Kenneth Heyward Barbour|Barbour, Kenneth Heyward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-1VZ] - 1905(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZI Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: AOCP 105, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BARDIN''===

* [[/William Frederic Bardin|Bardin, William Frederic or Frederick &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;Old Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSS9-TG4] - 1899(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (North Carlton, 1923-1925); 4AB Townsville (1925-1927); 4AB Brisbane (Fairfield &amp; Yeronga, 1931-1933); 2ABZ Sydney (Ermington &amp; Dundas  1937-1939, 1946-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 615, 1921; 1COCP 58, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); coastal radio operator (AWA); state public servant (4QG); federal public servant (Halcyon, p. 63) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1922); radio engineer (Townsville, 1925; Buranda, 1926; Fairfield, 1928); engineer (Dundas, 1936-1943; Eastwood, 1949-1968)

===''BARKER''===

* [[/Rupert Morphew Barker|Barker, Rupert Morphew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGH-7LM] - 1890(Eng)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 5RM Adelaide (Prospect, 1924-1933); 7RM Hobart (City, 1947-1948; Lenah Valley, 1949-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in England) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; broadcast engineer (sound) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1936; Hobart North, Tas, 1937; Hobart South, Tas, 1943); sound engineer (Hobart West, Tas, 1949); engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954; New Town, Tas, 1963)

* [[/William Henry Barker|Barker, William Henry (R.?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHGY-243] - 1905(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Concord, 1923-1924); 2BW Sydney (Concord, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 217, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Concord, 1930-1943) - Comment: beware several contemporaneous William Henry Barker's

===''BARLIN''===

* [[/George Kenneth Barlin|Barlin, George Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2VX-DP3] - 1916(NSW)-2016(ACT) - qualifications (BOCP 67, 1937), long term employee 2CA Canberra, manager TV network

===''BARLOW''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Barlow|Barlow, Albert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-6YM] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2IO Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Miranda, 1946-1948; Sutherland, 1950-1969); 2BLX Sydney (Sutherland, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1336, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937); tester (Miranda, NSW, 1943-1949); storekeeper (Sutherland, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Edward Barlow|Barlow, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-2FL] - 1895(NSW)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 2GQ Receive Armidale (1922); 2GQ Armidale (1922-1926); 2GQ Glen Innes (1927); 2GQ Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1928); 2GQ Canberra (1929); 2GQ Mudgee (1930-1931); 2GQ Sydney (Cammeray, 1933-1934; North Sydney, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4, 1924, No. 3 in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mudgee, 1930-1932; Cammeray, 1933-1935; Milsons Point, 1936; Mosman, 1937); divisional returning officer (Bathurst, 1943; Mosman, 1949-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2GQ - Edward Barlow&quot;

===''BARNES''===

* [[/Alfred Joseph Barnes|Barnes, Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-P6M] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Bondi North, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1975; Telopea, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1562, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1934-1954); engineer (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Telopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric Harold Barnes|Barnes, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXH-29C] - 1914(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3DQ Melbourne (Moreland, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 739, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Edward Barnes|Barnes, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-856] - 1912(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2OX Lismore (1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1343, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937); telegraphist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); audit inspector (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Thomas Walter Barnes|Barnes, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z6-PZ2] - 1910(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3TB Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1929-1933; Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; West Brunswick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 537, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 243,1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ascot Vale, 1931-1936); mechanic (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1942); electrical maintenance (West Brunswick, 1949-1980) - Comment: another contemporaneous Thomas Walter Barnes (1893-1925)

* [[/Thomas William Barnes|Barnes, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CH-CY5] - 1913(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ABI Sydney (Undercliffe, 1936-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1950); 2ABI Wollongong (Fairy Meadow, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1608, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1943); lecturer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949; Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Valentine Leo Barnes|Barnes, Valentine or Valentine Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBCN-85J] - 1893(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1913); Receive (Valve Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3QE Melbourne (Brighton East, 1960); 3OT Melbourne (Brighton East, 1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified ca 1912) - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1925; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1967; Brighton East, Vic, 1972)

===''BARNETT''===

* [[/Cobrey Morton Barnett|Barnett, Cobrey Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN77-CTM] - 1907(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3VD Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1956; West Melbourne, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2204, 1938, Vic; COCP3 1595, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Parkdale, Vic, 1937-1954)

* [[/Frederick Stanley Barnett|Barnett, Frederick Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN23-CSB] - 1890(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XJDN Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: sailmaker (Williamstown, Vic, 1912-1919); postal mechanic (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1963)

===''BARRACLOUGH''===

* [[/Francis Barraclough|Barraclough, Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KL-MNY] - 1903(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4GY Brisbane (Kedron, 1933-1935); 4GX Brisbane (Kedron, 1935-1939; 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1075, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2); radio service (Palings) - Halcyon: p. 81 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Kedron, 1937-1972)

===''BARRATT''===

* [[/William Gordon Barratt|Barratt, William Gordon &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2N7-Y2D] - 1912(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Geelong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2126, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Geelong, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BARRY''===

* [[/John Milton Waugh Barry|Barry, John Milton Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS8-KQL] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 745, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1942); architect (Essendon, Vic, 1949); farmer (Casterton, Vic, 1954); grazier (Casterton, Vic, 1963); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1967; Learmonth, Vic, 1967)

* [[/William Lawrence Barry|Barry, William Lawrence (BMD) or Lawrence William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MK6C-NBK] - 1905(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: storeman (South Brisbane, Qld, 1929); taxi driver (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''BARTHOLD''===

* [[/Godfrey Lewis Barthold|Barthold, Godfrey Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKR-JWZ] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GL Melbourne (Malvern, 1925-1927); 3BT Melbourne (Malvern, 1931-1939; Glen Iris, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 210, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3GL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3GL Geelong commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1931); radio manufacturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BARTHOLOMEW''===

* [[/Charles Percy Bartholomew|Bartholomew, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CZ-8YR] - 1861(Eng)-1942(NSW) - Licences: XBM Sydney (Mosman, 1911-1914); 2FO Receive Sydney (Kirribilli, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; company director (AWA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Milsons Point, 1930-1937) - Comment: famously charged and convicted of trading with the enemy during WW1 but only slapped on wrist (together with Ernest Thomas Fisk and Hugh Robert Denison) - TroveTag: &quot;XBM-2FO - Charles Percy Bartholomew&quot;

===''BARTON''===

* [[/Edward Gustavus Campbell Barton|Barton, Edward Gustavus Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ57-87Y] - 1857(Vic)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; scientist; business proprietor (Barton &amp; White) - Halcyon: not mentioned) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/barton-edward-gustavus-campbell-9445 ADB]

* [[/Graham Francis Barton|Barton, Graham Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5P-KYT] - 1918(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5BN Mt Gambier (1937-1939); 5BN Adelaide (Unley, 1947-1956; Malvern, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1993, 1937, SA; 1COCP 1709, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hyde Park, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Richard McRae Barton|Barton, Richard McRae &quot;Dick&quot;]] - 1940(???)-2021(Qld) - broadcast engineer, director engineering FACTS (1981-2001), ABU Engineering Award 2004, Fellow SMPTE, contributed to development DTV standards, chaired preparatory meeting to WRC 2000,  [https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/oth/0a/07/R0A070000420001PDFE.pdf ITU Tribute]

===''BARTRAM''===

* [[/Graeme Bartram|Bartram, Graeme]] - historian (early Aus wireless: 2011 &quot;John Graeme Balsilie: Australia's Forgotten Wireless Pioneer&quot;[https://www.antiquewireless.org/wp-content/uploads/Vol.-24.pdf])

===''BASEBY''===

* [[/Cecil Herbert Baseby|Baseby, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CP-K8C] - 1898(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Kingswood, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2311, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kingswood, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BASHAR''===

* [[/Ahmet Tahsin Bashar|Bashar, Ahmet Tahsin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-TGF] - 1922(Cyprus)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (North Sydney, 1937; Cammeray, 1955; Crows Nest, 1960; Crows Nest, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (West Sydney, NSW, 1949); textile worker (Surry Hills, NSW, 1954; Glenmore, NSW, 1958); clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1963-1972); assistant clerk (Paddington, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BASIL-COOKE''===

* Frank Basil-Cooke see Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;

===''BASSETT''===

* [[/Francis Rankin Bassett|Bassett, Francis Rankin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQZJ-28Y] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2FR Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1928; Arncliffe, 1929); 2FR Singleton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 194, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother John Bassett - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Singleton, New South Wales, 1943-1980)

* [[/John Bassett|Bassett, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8M2-8XN] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2VO Receive Stroud (1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 914, 1926; AOCP 232, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 78, 1930; COCP1 346, 1933 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: in 1920s shared licence with brother Francis Rankin Bassett - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Bexley, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1977; Nashua, NSW, 1977)

===''BASTOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Campbell Bastow|Bastow, Geoffrey Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-L6B] - 1916(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2UB Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936; Paddington, 1937-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1327, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: production engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Wahroonga, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BATCHLER''===

* [[/Charles Victor Batchler|Batchler, Charles Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4NN-FXJ] - 1897(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: XZJ Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Uncle of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: shift engineer (Waddamana, 1922)

* [[/Jack Copeland Batchler|Batchler, Jack Copeland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCSK-D8F] - 1910(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1932-1939); 3AJB Melbourne (1947); 7JB Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1948-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 957, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: nephew of XZJ Charles Victor Batchler; husband of 7YL Joyce Isabel Batchler nee Crowder - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Nelson, 1943-1949); no occupation (Nelson, 1972)

* [[/Joyce Isabel Crowder|Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-PKG] - 1915(Tas)-2015(Tas) - Licences: 7YL Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 1627, 1936, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL - Relationships: Wife of 7JB-3AJB Jack Copeland Batchler - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Nelson, 1943-1972) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''BATE''===

* [[/Arthur John Bate|Bate, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKQ-PYC] - 1917(WA)-2010(SA) - Licences: 5ZA Adelaide (Adelaide City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1891, 1937, SA; BOCP 1481, 1956; 1COCP 2049, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BATES''===

* [[/Jack Lister Bates|Bates, Jack Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGK-238] - 1912(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4UR Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1947; Lutwyche, 1948-1969; Toombul, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1430, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, QSL Manager); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; WW2 - Halcyon: p. 12, 99, 137, 141, 145 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1943); labourer (Lutwyche, Qld, 1949-1958; Wooloowin, Qld, 1968); cashier (Toombul, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''BATH''===

* [[/William Alonzo Bath|Bath, William Alonzo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4X-T2J] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4YK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Geebung, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2150, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1937-1954; Geebung, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BATT''===

* [[/Cecil Henry Batt|Batt, Cecil Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLJ-5SB] - 1904(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bothwell (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 434, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bothwell, 1928); labourer (Melton Mowbray, 1936-1937)

===''BATTLE''===

* [[/Edmund Thomas Battle|Battle, Edmund Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6C8-G32] - 1890(UK)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener) - Electoral Rolls: teamster (Dorrigo, 1913); dairy farmer (Malanda, 1919); sawmill manager (Tumoulin, 1931); sawmiller (Ravenshoe, 1936-1937); timber merchant (Paddington, 1943); sawmiller (Albion, 1949)

===''BATTYE''===

* [[/James Sykes Battye|Battye, James Sykes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V7W-HL5] - 1871(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - librarian; historian; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, special committee, Western Australian Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: librarian (Perth, 1910-1937); principal librarian (Perth, 1943-1949) - Links: [[w:James Battye|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/battye-james-sykes-5156 ADB]

===''BATY''===

* [[/Richard Baty|Baty, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLV-BZX] - 1913(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MH Adelaide (Brompton, 1931; Pennington, 1937; Challa Gardens, 1938-1939; Lockleys, 1954-1969; Henley Beach South, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 757, 1931, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 160, 1934; BOCP 242, 1939; 1COCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Franklin, SA, 1941-1943)

===''BAUER''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Bauer|Bauer, Alfred Thomas &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MSCM-QB1] - 1908(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4AT Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1933) &amp; Cairns? - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 333, 1927, No. 36 in Qld; CPRTelephony 1119, 1928; 1COCP 92, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG); state public servant (4QG); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 67, 86, 111, 127, 130 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cairns, 1936; Camp Hill, 1937); radio tech (Camp Hill, 1943-1980)

===''BAXTER''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Baxter|Baxter, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62R-CKR] - 1900(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BX Geraldton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1989, 1937, WA; BOCP 381, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: station employee (Lyons River Station, Carnarvon, WA, 1925-1926); wood merchant (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast station operator (Geraldton, WA, 1949-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Laurence Baxter|Baxter, Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9698-Y9J] - 1919(NSW)-2001(???) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Cremorne, 1946-1947); 2AMB Sydney (Cremorne, 1948-1961; Mosman, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2410, 1939, NSW; BOCP 437, 1942; COCP2 902, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Withdrawal: 2NB amateur callsign possibly withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2NB Broken Hill national service - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1958); radio technician (Mosman West, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Roy Baxter|Baxter, Sidney or Sydney Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWX9-XWV] - 1915(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FJ Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1935-1939; Coorparoo Heights, 1946-1947; Cribb Island, 1948-1950; Camp Hill, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1569, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); employment (Trittons, radio service); business proprietor (radio service) - Halcyon: p. 76, 137 - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Camp Hill, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cribb Island, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BEAMES''===

* [[/Kenneth Beames|Beames, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQJ-L17] - 1899(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: N754 Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IB Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; wireless operator (at WW1 enlistment 1917) - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 1st/4th Signals Troop, 1st Anzac Mounted Division, 1917-1919) - Awards: 1914/1915 Star Medal; British War Medal; Victory Medal - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (at WW1 enlistment); manufacturer (Five Dock, 1930-1958; Linden, 1963-1980)

===''BEAN''===

* [[/Leslie Percival Reed Bean|Bean, Leslie Percival Reed]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHWZ-6ZZ] - 1884(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925); 2LP Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1928; Artarmon, 1929-1936; Pymble, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD (Elec. Engineer, 1904-1919); L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co (founder 1920-1926); Stromberg-Carlson (founder, 1927-1933+); Council IREAust - Electoral Rolls: electrical instrument fitter (Ascot Vale, 1909); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912-1915; Artarmon, NSW, 1930); company director (Pymble, 1933-1943; Roseville, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Lindfield, 1958-1968)

===''BEANEY''===

* [[/William Spencer Beaney|Beaney, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-263] - 1916(SA)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 4BV Rockhampton (1954); 5WB Adelaide (Plympton, 1955-1956); 4BN Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1960; Hawthorne, 1965; Holland Park, 1969); 4BN Warana Beach (1980) - Qualifications: BOCP 32, 1936; COCP3 1637, 1953; AOCP 3398, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice radio engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1941-1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1963); manager (Holland Park, Qld, 1968-1972); clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1977); retired (Kawana Waters, Qld, 1980)

===''BEARD''===

* [[/Ernest Gordon Beard|Beard, Ernest Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2G-25R] - 1897(Eng)-1968(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 304, 1939 - broadcast engineer (United Distributors; 2KY; 2GB); inventor; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as consulting engineer, 2GB) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northbridge, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Northbridge, 1936-1937); wireless engineer (Willoughby, 1943-1949); engineer (Forestville, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://www.radiomuseum.org/dsp_hersteller_detail.cfm?company_id=12500 radiomuseum.org]

* [[/Norman George Beard|Beard, Norman George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9G-GSZ] - 1902(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 3DR Receive Balnarring (1922-1923); 2PK Wentworthville (1930); 2ALJ Sydney (Prospect, 1939; Toongabbie, 1946-1954; Brookvale, 1955; Dee Why, 1956-1961); 2ALJ Terrigal (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 583, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; TVOCP 25, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1930; Balnarring, Vic, 1931; Prospect, NSW, 1933-1937); RAAF instructor (Ballarat, 1942); teacher (Toongabbie, 1949-1954; Brookvale, 1958); retired (Terrigal, 1963-1972; Wendouree, Vic, 1977; Caves Beach, 1980)

===''BEARUP''===

* [[/Herbert Andrew Bearup|Bearup, Herbert Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLJ-B1C] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: V740 Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922); 3GT Receive Melbourne (Caulfield East, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern East, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, 1925-1928); farmer (Bentleigh, 1934-1949); engineer (Highett, 1963-1967; Moorabbin, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas William Bearup|Bearup, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J7R-T9D] - 1897(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 224, 1916 - studio manager 3LO (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as studio manager, 3LO, Victoria); WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield, 1924); radio engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''BEATSON''===

* [[/Robert John Beatson|Beatson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSJV-2D2] - 1909(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4BB Brisbane (Wilston, 1928); 4BB Maryborough (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 394, 1928, No. 44 in Qld; AOLCP 173, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator (WIAQ); broadcast engineer (4MB); WW2 - Halcyon: p. 68, 139, 141, 163, 164 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maryborough, 1931); radiotrician (Maryborough, 1937-1949); radio engineer (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''BEATTIE''===

* [[/Herbert Spencer Meurant Beattie|Beattie, Herbert Spencer Meurant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ65-KTL] - 1888(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3DV Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1914-1927); salesman (Thornleigh, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1934-1936); agent (Cabramatta, 1943); auctioneer (Ettalong, 1943); no occupation (Fairfield, NSW, 1954-1958; Flagstaff, NSW, 1963)

===''BECHERVAISE''===

* [[/William Philip Bechervaise|Bechervaise, William Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVNP-4HQ] - 1831(Eng)-1907(Vic) - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), employment (Victoria Posts and Telegraphs Department)

===''BECK''===

* [[/Alan Beavis Beck|Beck, Alan Beavis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR7-N8Q] - 1911(Vic)-1982(WA) - Licences: 5XW Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 370, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Shenton Park, WA, 1937; Myrtle Bank, SA, 1941-1943); research chemist (Subiaco, 1949-1980)

===''BECKETT''===

* [[/Oliver Charles Beckett|Beckett, Oliver Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDM6-PC6] - 1907(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2184, 1938, WA; COCP1 371, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bencubbin, WA, 1931; Beverley, WA, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Carnarvon, WA, 1943); senior communications officer (Redcliffe, WA, 1954-1958); communications instructor (Carlisle, WA, 1963; Rivervale, WA, 1968)

===''BEDFORD''===

* [[/Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, Robert Arthur Buddicom]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC5Q-1KX] - 1874(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: 5RB Kyancutta (1924-1939; 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kyancutta, 1939-1941); retired (Kyancutta, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/buddicom-robert-arthur-5417 ADB]

* [[/William Rudolf Buddicom Bedford|Bedford, William Rudolf Buddicom &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Y3-X4Z] - 1909(Eng)-1972(SA) - Licences: likely operator of 5RB Kyancutta - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 1893, 1954 - WW2 - Relationships: son of 5RB Robert Arthur Buddicom Bedford - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kyancutta, 1939-1943)

===''BEECH''===

* [[/Frederick Sidney Beech|Beech, Frederick Sidney or Sydney &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-6BC] - 1895(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4FB Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1930-1939; Norman Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 629, 1930, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; jeweller - Halcyon: p. 75, 76, 90 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Bulimba, 1917-1919; Coorparoo, 1919-1972; Norman Park, 1977)

===''BEER''===

* [[/James Albert Beer|Beer, James Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTF-7PP] - 1890(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923); 2CW Sydney (Ashfield, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 191916-17; Signals Training Unit, Egypt, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''BEGBIE''===

* [[/Richard Begbie|Begbie, Richard]] - historian (broadcasting), journalist, radio clubs (HRSA)

===''BEHRMANN''===

* [[/Anton Ewald Behrmann|Behrmann, Anton Ewald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGM-BBC] - 1907(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2BD Sydney (Kensington, 1932-1933; Pyrmont, 1934-1936; Cremorne, 1937-1939; Marrickville, 1946-1955; Petersham, 1956-1957; Waverley, 1958-1961; Ryde, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 954, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Chippendale, NSW, 1933); butcher (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936; Marrickville, NSW, 1943); aero engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1949); motor mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1954; Petersham, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1968); mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BELJON''===

* [[/Robin Ernest Beljon|Beljon, Robin Ernest &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-VR3] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2RB Lithgow (1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 259, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lithgow, 1930-1934); turner (Lithgow, 1937-1943); foreman (Lithgow, 1949-1968); retired (Lithgow, 1972)

===''BELL''===

* [[/Allan Charles Bell|Bell, Allan Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14G-3LN] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Bexley North, 1946; Lewisham, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2414, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1936); radio engineer (Canterbury, NSW, 1943; Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1954); hotel proprietor (Paddington, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell|Bell, Francis Wirgman Dillon &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7QW-CM4] - 1896(NZ)-1987(NZ) - ZL4AA Waihemo, amateur operator, first to 2 way QSO New Zealand to Australia (Apr 1923), South America, USA (Sep 1924), England (Oct 1924, G2SZ); WW1 (gunner, France &amp; Belgium till invalided 1917) - Relationships: Brother of Margaret Brenda Bell, first licensed female NZ amateur - TroveTag: &quot;ZL4AA - Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell&quot; - Links: [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://www.soundarchives.co.nz/collections/catalogue/catalogue-item?record_id=222015 Sound Archives]; [https://www.zl4aa.org.nz/frank-bell-trans-world-radio-contact/ NZART Otago]

* [[/H. G. Bell|Bell, H. G.]] - 19??-19?? - 4HG Brisbane (South Toowong = Taringa, 1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 321, 1927, No. 33 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: p. 111 - Callsign: later to Harry Brown - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Dudley Jack Benham Bell|Bell, Dudley Jack Benham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSZ-BFN] - 1908(Vic)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 3SN Shepparton (1934-1939, 1947-1948); 9SN Port Moresby (1948, 1969); P29JB Boroko (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1362, 1934, Vic; COCP1 359, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Shepparton, Vic, 1931-1937)

* [[/James Bell|Bell, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRD1-SY2] - 1918(NSW)-1991(USA) - Licences: 2ABO Sydney (Dundas,1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1615, 1936, NSW; COCP2 601, 1942; COCP1 629, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie William Gordon Bell|Bell, Leslie William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-RQ5] - 1904(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4CY Receive Atherton (1923); 4LZ Jubilee Pocket (1969-1975); 4LZ Airlie Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 4471, 1967, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Danbulla via Atherton, 1925-1928); farmer (Jubilee Pocket via Proserpine, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Brenda Dillon Bell|Bell, Margaret Brenda Dillon &quot;Brenda&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPV-MP4] - 1891(NZ)-1979(NZ) - Licences: ZL4AA Waihemo (ca 1920s &amp; 1930s) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; first licensed female NZ amateur - Relationships: Sister of ZL4AA Francis Wirgman Dillon Bell - Electoral Rolls: spinster (Waihemo, NZ, 1914-1922; Shag Valley Station, Waihemo, NZ, 1928-1949; Waihemo, NZ, 1954; Shag Valley Station, Palmerston, NZ, 1957-1975; Palmerston, NZ, 1978) - Links: [[Brenda_Bell|Wikipedia]]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4b20/bell-francis-wirgman-dillon Bio]; [https://teara.govt.nz/en/speech/71/bell-recalls-her-brother-frank-contacting-england-by-short-wave-radio Brenda's recollection of Frank's first UK contact]

* [[/Robert Leonard Bell|Bell, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-CD5] - 1902(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1889, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ironmoulder (Collingwood, Vic, 1926; Preston, Vic, 1928); moulder (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931); driver (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1954); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Jellicoe Bell|Bell, Ronald Jellicoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHB-SXS] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Melbourne (Hampton, 1936-1939); 3MB Melbourne (Hampton, 1947; Cheltenham, 1948-1969); 3MB Harkaway (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1694, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937-1942); insurance official (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Cheltenham, Vic, 1972); retired (Harkaway, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Victor Frank Bell|Bell, Victor Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-FZ7] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6KR Perth (Subiaco, 1932-1933); 6KR Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6KR Perth (Nedlands, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 907, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936); postal assistant (Leonora, WA, 1937); radio engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1937); telephone mechanic (Lamington, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1954)

* [[/Vincent Stephanus Bell|Bell, Vincent Stephanus &quot;Vince&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-W8G] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4VD Rockhampton (Rockhampton City, 1936-1937; Wandal, 1938-1939, 1946-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1496, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; employed electrical business - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1936); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, Qld, 1937-1980)

* [[/William James Bell|Bell, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CL-T2Q] - 1905(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1939; Tempe, 1946-1950; Punchbowl, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1085, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tobacco worker (Campsie, NSW, 1930-1943; Tempe, NSW, 1949; Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BELSTEAD''===

* [[/Roy Lempriere Belstead|Belstead, Roy Lempriere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1GN-CQF] - 1910(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4EI Townsville (1933-1939); 4RU Winton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1182, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 304, 1940; 1COCP 420, 1940; TVOCP 87, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, Townsville ARC); state public servant (Qld Railways); broadcast technician (2KY); business proprietor (Belstead Electronic Repairs, Winton) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hyde Park, Qld, 1931-1937); radio technician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943; Auburn, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1963; Auburn, NSW, 1972); retired (Winton, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BENNETT''===

* [[/Alfred Edward Bennett|Bennett, Alfred Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNP-GFM] - 1889(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager 2GB Sydney; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 2GB, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Mosman, 1930-1931); director (Mosman, 1933; Vaucluse, 1936); inspector (Darling Point, 1943); investor (West Pennant Hills, 1949); retired (Vaucluse, 1954-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bennett-alfred-edward-5207 ADB]

* [[/Aubrey Vincent Bennett|Bennett, Aubrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT5F-KQV] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2VA Sydney (Concord, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1514, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1930-1935; Concord, NSW, 1937-1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Clarence Herbert Bennett|Bennett, Clarence Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS5-CLV] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 449, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1909-1963); retired (Brunswick, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Patrick Curtis Bennett|Bennett, Patrick Curtis &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQW-8JT] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3NC Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1934); 3NC Hamilton (1937); 3NC Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 3APB Shepparton (1947); 3PB Shepparton (1948); 3PB Melbourne (Doncaster, 1954-1960); 2AJB Sydney (Westmead, 1955-1960; Roseville, 1961-1969); 2AJB Terrigal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1009, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 195, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1936-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943; Nunawading, Vic, 1949); engineer (Doncaster, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Westmead, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1968; Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Jacob Bennett|Bennett, William John Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-BDS] - 1906(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Shepparton (1932-1933); 3DR Mooroopna (1937-1939); 3EJ Melbourne (Lilydale, 1948-1975; Chirnside Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 982, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1928-1936); nil (Mooroopna, Vic, 1942); radio dealer (Lilydale, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BENOIT''===

* [[/Maxwell Alfred William Benoit|Benoit, Maxwell Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HC-MQX] - 1919(Vic)-1943(Thailand) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2401, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1939-1943) - Awards: Military Medal (1942) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1684287 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/619809 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11033902 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''BENROSE''===

* [[/G. S. Benrose|Benrose or Penrose, G. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DH Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BENSON''===

* [[/David Alfred Benson|Benson, David Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD6-W4H] - 1915(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948); 6VB Laverton (1969); 6VB Perth (South Perth, 1975; Bullsbrook, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2374, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (South Perth, WA, 1937); operator (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); technician (El Sherana via Pine Creek, NT, 1963); geophysical technician (South Perth, WA, 1968-1972); farmer (Upper Swan, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Jack Benson|Benson, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRL7-ZX6] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIC Sydney (Concord, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1997, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JBs; Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1937)

===''BENT''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Wattis Bent|Bent, Arthur Francis Wattis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-5V7] - 1902(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3AF Geelong (1924-1939, 1946-1960); 3AF Torquay (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 199, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio dealer (Geelong, 1931-1954) - Electoral Rolls: turner (14 Coronation St, Geelong West, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Geelong, 1928-1954); radio serviceman (Torquay, 1963-1980)

===''BENTLEY''===

* [[/Frank Ernest Bentley|Bentley, Frank Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93F-NPZ] - 1902(India)-1973(SA) - Licences: 5MK Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1931-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Cowandilla, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 833, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BENTZEN''===

* [[/Ivan Louis Bentzen|Bentzen, Ivan Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4X-6P4] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4SS Brisbane (Newstead, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 964, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Bulimba, Qld, 1929); mechanic (Valley, Qld, 1936); carpenter (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1949); garage proprietor (Lutwyche, Qld, 1954); carpenter (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BENWELL''===

* [[/George Tasman Benwell|Benwell, George Tasman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSB-T8M] - 1914(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3KQ Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939; Elsternwick, 1947-1948; Ormond, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1906, 1937, Vic; COCP2 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Order of Australia (Community Service, 1996) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942); accountant (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BERGIN''===

* [[/John Thomas Bergin|Bergin, John Thomas &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGP-GNM] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5JB Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1364, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Max Wulfing Bergin|Bergin, Max Wulfing]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M1-DCN] - 1900(NSW)-1983(Cook Isls) - Licences: 2YP Receive West Maitland (1923); 2YP West Maitland (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BERRY''===

* [[/Arthur Ingham Berry|Berry, Arthur Ingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WB6-6F5] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1939; Kew, 1946-1954; East Malvern, 1955-1956); 3CZ Warburton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 595, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); architect (Kew North, Vic, 1943-1954); farmer (Warburton, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Berry|Berry, Harold Alexander &quot;Huck&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G869-8R6] - 1906(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (City, 1923); Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5JU Adelaide (City, 1930-1931; Keswick, 1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Kilburn, 1946-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 666, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: polisher (Kilburn, 1943)

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Berry|Berry, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG2-X6J] - 1906(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5DB Adelaide (Norwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1315, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Robert Henry Berry|Berry, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G342-ZR6] - 18??(???)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XQC Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; electrical business proprietor - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Rockhampton, 1912-1925); electrical mechanic (Rockhampton, 1928-1968)

* [[/Roy James Berry|Berry, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NQN-X6X] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NY Grafton (1933-1939, 1946-1969); 2BQD Grafton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1159, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: body-builder (Grafton, NSW, 1932-1980)

* [[/William Clive Berry|Berry, William Clive &quot;Clive&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBT5-3L8] - 1912(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Knockrow via Bangalow (1931-1936); 2AGM Byron Bay (1938-1938, 1946-1955); 2AGM Lismore (1956-1957); 2AGM Mullumbimby (1958-1960); 2AGM Byron Bay (1961-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 30, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 302, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Knockrow, 1933-1936); woodworker (Byron Bay, 1943-1954); contractor (Ballina, 1958); no occupation (Mullumbimby, 1958); manager (Byron Bay, 1963)

* [[/William James Berry|Berry, William James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D1-B78] - 1890(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4WB Brisbane (Yeerongpilly, 1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1295, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; instrument repairer - Comment: Several contemporaneous William James Berry's in Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1958-1963); mechanic (Yeerongpilly, 1972-1980) -

===''BERTRAM''===

* [[/William Louis Bertram|Bertram, William Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDBP-NGS] - 1901(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: V738 Receive Rushworth (1922); 3GR Receive Rushworth (1922); 2KR Sydney (Waverley, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 920, 1926; 2COCP 97, 1930; 1COCP 34, 1934 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Rushworth, 1922; Brunswick, 1924-1928); telegraphist (Brunswick, 1931-1942); telephonist (Brunswick, 1949-1963); retired (Frankston, 1967-1980)

===''BEST''===

* [[/George Bransdon Best|Best, George Bransdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VQ-241] - 1918(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2QC Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1292, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (university student at time of death 1942)

* [[/Robert William Best|Best, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-F7Z] - 1916(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2TY Newcastle (1935-1939); 2TY Lochinvar (1946-1954); 2TY Sydney (Rutherford, 1955-1956; Hunters Hill, 1957-1958; Gladesville, 1960; Boronia Park, 1961; Gladesville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1587, 1935, NSW; BOCP 262, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broadcasting Station, Lochinvar, NSW, 1943-1954); storekeeper (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Wallace George Haydn Best|Best, Wallace George Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSF-YDK] - 1901(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2ER Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2ER Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Nephew of 2EU Arthur Frederick Peters - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brisbane, Qld, 1926); manager (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1949; Bardon, Qld, 1954-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2ER - Wallace George Haydn Best&quot;

===''BESTED''===

* [[/Julius Phillip Bested|Bested, Julius Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ6V-YSQ] - 1907(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Rose Park, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Salisbury, 1937-1939); 5CS Peterborough (1947-1948); 5CS Adelaide (Richmond, 1954-1960; Cumberland Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1995, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Salisbury, SA, 1939-1941)

===''BESTMANN''===

* [[/Walter Barrett Bestmann|Bestmann, Walter Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCM-JTY] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4BE Gympie (1938-1939, 1947); 4LN Gympie (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2242, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1937); electrical foreman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BEYER''===

* [[/Johann Hugo Louis Beyer|Beyer, Johann Hugo Louis &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-WX2] - 1894(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XJEK Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1916-1925); chemist (Caulfield, Vic, 1927; Beaumaris, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BIBBY''===

* [[/Frederick Cyril Bibby|Bibby, Frederick Cyril &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH58-5XF] - 1911(Tas)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3OL Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1939; Camberwell, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 681, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 38, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Camberwell, 1943-1968); operator (Camberwell, 1972-1980)

===''BICE''===

* [[/William Russel Bice|Bice, William Russel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF48-PHT] - 1895(Qld)-1925(WA) - Licences: 6BX Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Claremont, WA, 1919)

===''BIDGOOD''===

* [[/Archibald Erle Bidgood|Bidgood, Archibald Erle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29WT-B4Z] - 1909(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2ALL Sydney (Willoughby, 1939; Dee Why, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: COCP2 270, 1930; AOLCP 26, 1930; COCP1 79, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1936; Willoughby, NSW, 1937; Dee Why, NSW, 1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1954; Toowoomba, Qld, 1958); postmaster (Pialba, Qld, 1969; South Pine, Qld, 1972); retired (Withcott, Qld, 1980)

===''BIDMEAD''===

* [[/William Ernest Bidmead|Browne, William Ernest Bidmead]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZM-N3K] - 1894(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XEB Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914); 2SJ Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; citizen's militia (25th Signallers Co. Engineers, pre WW1); AIF (WW1, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1936); engineering fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1963) - TroveTage: &quot;XEB-2SJ - William Ernest Bidmead&quot;

===''BILLAN''===

* [[/Leo John Billan|Billan, Leo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-P87] - 1906(SA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3BR Briagolong (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1205, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Boisdale, Vic, 1931); nurseryman (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); gardener (Prahran, Vic, 1963)

===''BILLINGS''===

* [[/Hubert Douglas Billings|Billings, Hubert Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WC5-G7H] - 1894(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: XJP Melbourne (Brighton Beach, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AFC, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1919; St Kilda, Vic, 1921; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); auditor (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BINNS''===

* [[/Albert Binns|Binns, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDD-5DL] - 1895(NSW)-1918(NSW) - Licences: XCY Sydney (Mosman, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 2IE-2BJ Cecil Binns - TroveTag: &quot;XCY - Albert Binns&quot;

* [[/Cecil Binns|Binns, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-XTD] - 1897(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2IE Receive Sydney (Kogarah, 1922); 2BJ Sydney (Kogarah, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 46, 1924, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 79, 1932; COCP1 378, 1940 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1st Division Signals Coy (WW1, 1916+) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1936); radio technician (Carlingford, NSW, 1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943-1968) - Relationships: brother of XCY Albert Binns - TroveTag: &quot;2IE-2BJ - Cecil Binns&quot;

===''BIRD''===

* [[/Henry Scorer Bird|Bird, Henry Scorer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWH-FTC] - 1902(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HB Melbourne (Sunshine, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Sunshine, 1924-1927); Government employee (Camberwell, 1928-1963); nil (Ashwood, 1968-1972) - Comment: 3HB callsign passed to Sunshine Radio Club 1924-1927 (prominent amateur broadcaster)
* [[/Leslie James Bird|Bird, Leslie James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X2-N4N] - 1897(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Armidale, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armidale, 1930-1935; Wellington, 1937); civil servant (Homebush, 1943) 

===''BIRT''===

* [[/William Andrew Birt|Birt, William Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBK-336] - 1907(WA)-1936(WA) - Licences: 6CU Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (North Perth, WA, 1931)

===''BISCHOFF''===

* [[/William Edward Conrad Bischoff|Bischoff, William Edward Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YT-QB7] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2LZ Sydney (Crows Nest, 1930-1937); 2LZ Wentworth Falls (1938-1939, 1946-1969); 2AKM Wentworth Falls (Portable, 1939); 2LZ Sydney (Naremburn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 568, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 12, 1936; TVOCP, 346, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Naremburn, 1933-1937); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1943); radio technician (Wentworth Falls, 1949-1958); tele. engineer (Naremburn, 1963); engineer (Naremburn, 1972-1980)

===''BISHOP''===

* [[/Clarence Elijah Bishop|Bishop, Clarence Elijah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZ9-G7S] - 1896(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6DD Receive Albany (1923); 6DD Albany (1923-1924); 6DD Northam (1924); 6LL Katanning (1936-1939); 6LL Perth (Claremont, 1948-1954; East Victoria Park, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1746, 1936, WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albany, WA, 1922); accountant (Katanning, WA, 1925-1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1954; Victoria Park, WA, 1958-1968)

* [[/Frederick Edward Bishop|Bishop, Frederick Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS3-GZQ] - 1882(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2FB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Kirribilli, 1930-1931); grazier (Mullaley, Gunnedah, 1935-1949)

* [[/Maurice Glanville Bishop| Bishop, Maurice Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDP-SVD] - 1908(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931); bank officer (Middle Park, 1935); bank clerk (Bank of NSW Quarters, Ouyen, 1936-1937); bank officer (Hawthorn, 1942-1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Bishop|Bishop, Reginald &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDJ-D3V] - 1913(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - politician; trade union leader; in conjunction with Media Minister Doug McClelland, oversaw the introduction of FM radio into Australia - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/bishop-reginald-reg-32171 Obituaries Australia]

===''BLACK''===

* [[/F. C. Black|Black, F. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None identified to date - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 297, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: awaits identification, Port Lincoln, SA in 1926

* [[/Rex Cleugh Black|Black, Rex Cleugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJZ-WY5] - 1912(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Sydney (Rugby, 1933; Auburn, 1934-1935; Greenwich, 1936-1937); 2YA Trangie (1938); 2YA Sydney (Ashfield, 1939; Belmore, 1946; Campsie, 1947; Liverpool, 1948-1950); 2YA Gosford (1954-1961); 2YA Kingsgrove (1965); 2YA Springwood (1969-1975); 2YA Kooringal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1116, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Greenwich, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Campsie, NSW, 1943); school teacher (Liverpool, NSW, 1949); teacher (Gosford, NSW, 1958; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Hughes Black|Black, Robert Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-2YK] - 1917(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QZ Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1947; City CBD, 1954; Hunters Hill, 1955-1975; Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1229, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Innisfail, Qld, 1941-1943; Baukham Hills, NSW, 1954; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1958-1972; Strathfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Hector Black|Black, William Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8J2-TCS] - 1912(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3WB Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939); 2WO Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 663, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1936-1937); bacteriologist (Mosman, 1943-1963); biochemist (Darlinghurst, 1968-1972)

* [[/William Sidney Neil Black|Black, William Sidney Neil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVJ-2XT] - 1921(Vic)-1998(???) - Licences: 2AKJ Canberra (Kingston, 1938-1939); 3QX Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2151, 1938, ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Berwick, Vic, 1949); engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1958; Blacktown, NSW, 1963)

===''BLACKBURN''===

* [[/W. T. Blackburn|Blackburn, W. T.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Home Hill (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Searched William, Walter, Wilfred - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLACKMAN''===

* [[/Herbert Howbery Blackman|Blackman, Herbert Howbery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2M-65N] - 1886(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: XOE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913); 3PR Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3PR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1924-1925); 3HA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1927); 3HU Melbourne (Ashburton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 211, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Malvern, 1909); mechanic (East Malvern, 1913-1916); soldier (Royal Park, 1917-1919); electrician (East Malvern, 1922-1928); mechanic (Burwood, 1931-1968)

===''BLACKWELL''===

* [[/William Blackwell|Blackwell, William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAN Sydney (Camperdown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: furnaceman (Camperdown, NSW, 1913)

===''BLADES''===

* [[/Lorne Deborah Blades|Blades, Lorne Deborah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN18-HW3] - 1910(Qld)-1935(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1069, 1932, Qld - YL amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (N/A) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alfred Blades|Blades, Ronald Alfred &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCS-L77] - 1916(Qld)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 4RX Toowoomba (1936-1939); 2VP Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1947; Ashfield, 1948-1950; Dundas, 1954-1955); 2VP Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956); 2VP Sydney (Balgowlah, 1957-1969; Seaforth, 1975; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1775, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 615, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); broadcast technician (AWA) - Comment: Two Ronald Alfred Blades born in Qld 1916, 4RX 27/3/1916 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Dundas, NSW, 1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1977)

===''BLAIR''===

* [[/Keith Andrew William Blair|Blair, Keith Andrew William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK4S-ZXY] - 1911(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2DX Balranald (1930-1934); 2DX Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1937); 2DX Bega (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 699, 1930, Vic; BOCP 276, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Balranald, 1932-1935; Randwick, 1936-1937; Bega, 1937); bank officer (Queanbeyan, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Lewis Blair|Blair, Russell Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HH-8Y4] - 1916(WA)-2010(NZ) - Licences: 2AJE Cooranbong (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Christchurch, 1941-1943; Selwyn, Canterbury, 1946); teacher (Auckland, 1954; Palmerston North, 1957-1960); company director (Palmerston North, 1963-1966); teacher (Palmerston North, 1972-1981); retired (Palmerston North, 1987-2008)

===''BLAKE''===

* [[/Robert Leslie Gilbert Blake|Blake, Robert Leslie Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L831-ZLW] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Castlemaine (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 484, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Castlemaine, Vic, 1912-1919); house furn. (Castlemaine, Vic, 1924-1949)

===''BLAKEMORE''===

* [[/Thomas Victor Blakemore|Blakemore, Thomas Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-V6J] - 1916(WA)-2011(WA)95yo - Licences: 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1947-1965); 6TB Narrogin (1969); 6TB Perth (Bayswater, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2435, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Subiaco, WA, 1937; Bayswater, WA, 1943); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''BLANCH''===

* [[/Cecil Keith Blanch|Blanch, Cecil Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SR-WR5] - 1903(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2GI Woodford Leigh (1930-1961); 2GI Maclean (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 718, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932; Woodford Leigh, NSW, 1934-1958); radio serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1963-1968); serviceman (Maclean, NSW, 1972); retired (Maclean, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BLANCHARD''===

* [[/George Edward Henry Blanchard|Blanchard, George Edward Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV2-B4S] - 1899(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Sydney (Newtown, 1922-1926; Hurlstone Park, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 195, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Earlwood, 1930-1980)

===''BLAND''===

* [[/William Joseph Bland|Bland, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-4RP] - 1902(India)-1955(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Alberton, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Alberton, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 765, 1923 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio manufacturer (Tusmore, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BLUE''===

* [[/Harry William Blue|Blue, Harry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXF-38K] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Liverpool, 1932-1933); 2YI Albury (1934-1936); 9KO Rabaul (1937); 2YI Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2YI Sydney (Kingsford, 1946; Auburn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1034, 1932, NSW; COCP3 43, 1936; COCP2 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); A.A.M.S. - Electoral Rolls: porter (Liverpool, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Albury, NSW, 1934-1935); wireless operator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio officer (Daceyville, NSW, 1943); despatch clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BLUNDEN''===

* [[/Godfrey Verge Blunden|Blunden, Godfrey Verge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNG-22L] - 1906(Vic)-1996(France) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Wireless Weekly (editor, 1930s) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (North Sydney, 1930; East Sydney, 1933-1936)

* [[/Leon Walter Blunden|Blunden, Leon Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KT-SMV] - 1914(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5BH Adelaide (Firle, 1935-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1535, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BLYARD''===

* [[/Alfred Blyard|Blyard, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIH Nowra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (brother Walter Raleigh Blyard died Nowra, 1926)

===''BLYTH''===

* [[/Oscar Emerson Blyth|Blyth, Oscar Emerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTYQ-7WL] - 1912(Tas)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1806, 1936, Vic; COCP1 1204, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Collingwood, Vic, 1934); flyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943); printer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''BOASE''===

* [[/Norman Robert Boase|Boase, Norman Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z8-QZS] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NI Melbourne (Malvern, 1947; Glenhuntly, 1948; Burwood, 1954-1955; Darling, 1956; Carlton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2295, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; bookkeeper (Warren, NSW, 1943); Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carlton, Vic, 1958)

===''BOAST''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Boast|Boast, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-3D4] - 1906(Eng)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1939); 3AX Lubeck (1946-1969); 3AX Melbourne (Frankston, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 404, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 55, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (3LK Lubeck, Vic, 1942-1968); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BOCK''===

* [[/Walter Alfred Bock|Bock, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTY-J6M] - 1886(NZ)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4KC Port Moresby (1937-1939); 9KC Port Moresby (1947-1955); 4KC Mareeba (1956); 4KC Caloundra (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely PNG) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Acton, ACT, 1943); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1959)

===''BODKIN''===

* [[/Harland Bernard Bodkin|Bodkin, Harland Bernard &quot;Harley&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGY-QQ7] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (St Peters, 1935-1938; Marrickville, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1447, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: power station assistant (Tempe, NSW, 1930; St Peters, NSW, 1933); electrician (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Marrickville, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''BOILEAU''===

* [[/John George Boileau|Boileau, John George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-HLQ] - 1893(SA)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4JT Port Moresby (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''BOLD''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Bold|Bold, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3N-JSF] - 1894(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6CA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 832, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922); meter tester (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); electrician (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1949); mains superintendent (South Fremantle, WA, 1954-1958)

===''BOLGER''===

* [[/Leonard Joseph Bolger|Bolger, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-VDD] - 1867(Irl)-1941(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Deputy Director of Navigation, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: master mariner (Williamstown, 1914-1917); public servant (Elsternwick, 1919); master mariner (Elsternwick, 1931-1937)

===''BOLLAS''===

* [[/George William Bollas|Bollas, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY4M-4XT] - 1915(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Licences: 3LA Melbourne (Footscray, 1935-1939); 3LA Yarraville (1948-1960); 3LA Melbourne (West Footscray, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1557, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Footscray, Vic, 1937-1942; Footscray West, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BOLTON''===

* [[/Milton Cedric Cardwell Bolton|Bolton, Milton Cedric Cardwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-1ML] - 1918(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6MB Perth (Subiaco, 1939, 1947-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2400, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1980)

===''BOND''===

* [[/Francis William Bond|Bond, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4Q-ZQ4] - 1917(Vic)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 3SQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939); 4SQ Willis Island (1947); 4AKG Rockhampton (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1914, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968); radiocommunications (Rosebud, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Rupert Francis Bond|Bond, Rupert Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZHS-QB3] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rockhampton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, Qld, 1912-1937; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''BONGERS''===

* [[/Gysbert Sheldon Bongers|Bongers, Gysbert Sheldon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7F9-DXK] - 1900(NSW)-1948(NSW) - Licences: N745 Receive Sydney (1922); 2HY Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1922); 2HY Sydney (Rockdale, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Rockdale, 1930-1935; Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1937); engineer (Woollahra, 1943)

===''BONNER''===

* [[/Alfred Coleman Bonner|Bonner, Alfred Coleman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MV14-MTM] - 1854(Tas)-1930(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Legana (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914-1922); no occupation (Legana, 1928)

===''BONNERUP''===

* [[/Peter Madsen Bonnerup|Bonnerup, Peter Madsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6F5-RC8] - 1890(Tas?)-1976(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as patent attorney, WA) - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Nedlands, 1922; South Perth, 1925-1972) - Links: [https://www.carnamah.com.au/bio/peter-madsen-bonnerup Bio]

===''BONNINGTON''===

* [[/John Archibald Bonnington|Bonnington, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88Y-1JP] - 1909(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931); 2AKB Sydney (Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 569, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3AirOCP 16, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, 1931); engineer (Woollahra, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); air pilot (Avalon Beach, 1949-1963)

===''BONWILL''===

* [[/Edward Warren Bonwill|Bonwill, Edward Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J35-NNV] - 1869(USA)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XBP Sydney (1912-1914); 2CA Receive Cowra (1922); 2CA Cowra (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Barellan, 1930; Cowra, 1934-1937; Lithgow, 1937-1943)

===''BORGEEST''===

* [[/William Frederic Borgeest|Borgeest, William Frederic or Frederick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WM-GHT] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1938); 3ZY Colac (1947); 3ZY Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Glen Iris, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1908, 1937, Vic; BOCP 223, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, Tas, 1939); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Camberwell South, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''BORLAND''===

* [[/Alexander Borland|Borland, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJZ-JGT] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XFT Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1st Signals Squadron Wireless, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Concord, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''BOSHER''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Bosher|Bosher, Allan Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNNY-B75] - 1913(NZ)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TU Sydney (Greenwich, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1938-1939; Cammeray, 1946-1955; Crows Nest, 1956-1969; Cammeray, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 650, 1942; COCP1 677, 1943; (likely first qualified in NZ) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1968); engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1972; Cammeray, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOTTEN''===

* [[/Herbert William Botten|Botten, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-8QJ] - 1895(SA)-1973(???) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930); radio manager (Darlinghurst, 1933-1936); manager (Darlinghurst, 1937-1958)

===''BOUCHARD''===

* [[/Victor John Reid Bouchard|Bouchard, Victor John Reid &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G93B-52C] - 1897(Qld)-1936(Qld) - 4BY Receive Brisbane (Auchenflower, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur club administrator - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Auchenflower, 1921-1926); clerk (Buranda, 1928)

===''BOULTBEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Walker Boultbee|Boultbee, Kenneth Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMWB-1Q4] - 1905(Tas)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agent (Taringa, Qld, 1928-1958; Corinda, Qld, 1963-1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Broadbeach, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''BOUNDY''===

* [[/George Henry Boundy|Boundy, George Henry]] - 1866(Vic)-1932(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), early wireless experimenter, radio clubs (WIQ), state public servant (P&amp;TQ, engineer), federal public servant (PMGD, engineer)

===''BOURKE''===

* [[/J. Bourke|Bourke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V734 Receive Yarck (1922); Receive 3GP Yarck (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOURNE''===

* [[/Francis Frederick Bourne|Bourne, Francis Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX55-9GM] - 1916(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5BU Adelaide (Unley, 1935-1939; Wayville, 1947; Malvern, 1948-1954; Blackwood, 1955-1965; Belair, 1969); 5BU Keith (1975); 5BU Naracoorte (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1593, 1935, SA; 2COCP 1282, 1953; 1COCP 1722, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BOWDEN''===

* [[/Eric James Germain Bowden|Bowden, Eric James Germain]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7T7-YC2] - 1894(Tas)-1984(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - PMGD Wireless Inspector, Hobart, 1920s &amp; 1930s; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as equipment engineer, PMGD, Tas) - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: junior assistant engineer (Hobart North, 1922); engineer (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Frank Prosser Bowden|Bowden, Frank Prosser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MP-G4L] - 1860(Tas)-1934(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, Tas PMGD, Federal PMGD - Relationships: father of Eric James Germain Bowden and John Gibson Bowden - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1928)

* [[/John Gibson Bowden|Bowden, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJZ-V69] - 1906(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - employee of Medhurst Electrical - Relationships: son of Frank Prosser Bowden; brother of Eric James Germain Bowden - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1928); electrical mechanic (New Town, 1936-1937); engineer (Nelson, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Stanley Bowden|Bowden, Ronald Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQGS-F9R] - 1900(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Taringa, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albion, Qld, 1921); car driver (Wilston, Qld, 1934); car proprietor (Newmarket, Qld, 1936-1943); store keeper (Urangan, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Mundubbera, Qld, 1958-1963); retired (Urangan, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''BOWEN''===

* [[/Harold Keith Bowen|Bowen, Harold Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-7SZ] - 1913(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5KB Adelaide (Maylands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1049, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Tranmere, SA, 1943)

* [[/Joseph La Venture Bowen|Bowen, Joseph La Venture or Laventure]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPP-MLB] - 1917(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4LB Brisbane (Hamilton, 1935-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1445, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1958); public servant (Kedron, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Bowen|Bowen, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKWH-7MR] - 1915(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3VK Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937; Windsor, 1938-1939; Mont Albert, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1543, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coburg, Vic, 1937; St Kilda North, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1949)

===''BOWER''===

* [[/George Geoffrey Bower|Bower, George Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWVM-BC5] - 1919(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1939; Collaroy, 1946-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1960; Collaroy, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1823, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Dee Why, NSW, 1954-1958; Collaroy, NSW, 1963-1968; Collaroy Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BOWICKE''===

* [[/S. J. Bowicke|Bowicke, S. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XCI Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: W. Bowicke in Sands @ Paddington 1911

===''BOWIE''===

* [[/Luther Douglas Bowie|Bowie, Luther Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCT-J1V] - 1913(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3DU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1935-37); 3DU Portable Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1938); 3TC Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1937-1939); 3DU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1948-1969); 2DU Evans Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1518, 1935, Vic; BOCP 218, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1935-1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Evans Head, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BOWLEY''===

* [[/Alfred Hobden Bowley|Bowley, Alfred Hobden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN48-MT1] - 1887(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1955; Hawthorn, 1956; Nunawading, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1460, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''BOWMAN''===

* [[/Hubert Nigel Bowman|Bowman, Hubert Nigel &quot;Pete&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4PT-FY3] - 1908(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FM Adelaide (Payneham, 1932-1933; Royston Park, 1937; Payneham, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1956); 5FM Crystal Brook (1960); 5FM Bridgewater (1965-1980+); 5FN Portable (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 911, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 259, 1939; BOCP 282, 1940; 1COCP 354, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BOYD''===

* [[/Albert Boyd|Boyd, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMM-KRM] - 1910?(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TE Sydney (Rozelle, 1935-1937); 2TE Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939; Charlestown, 1946-1954; Maryville, 1955-1957; Islington, 1958; Blacksmith, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Rozelle, NSW, 1934-1937; Charlestown, NSW, 1943-1954)

* [[/Gordon James Boyd|Boyd, Gordon James &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-Q7L] - 1912(???)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AML Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2308, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Brighton Le Sands, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/John a'Beckett Penleigh Boyd|Boyd, John a'Beckett Penleigh &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HD5-QST] - 1915(Vic)-1981(WA) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1904, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 806, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); pilot (Balwyn, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Chidlow, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman James Boyd|Boyd, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-VM7] - 1897(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XNO Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EL Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3EL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1924-1925; Caulfield, 1925-1927; Elwood, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 104, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer (3UZ, 1920s); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1924); manager (Caulfield, 1926-1928); engineer (Elsternwick, 1931-1937); electrician (St Kilda, 1949-1963); retired (Caulfield, 1967-1977)

===''BOYTON''===

* [[/Claude John Boyton|Boyton, Claude John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTPH-PH2] - 1902(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ALE Jugiong (1938-1939); 2ALE Sydney (Stanmore, 1947); 2ALI Cooma North (1954); 2ALI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1958; Bexley, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2195, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bethungra, NSW, 1930-1936); radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1937); sound operator (Hillston, NSW, 1937); electric motor operator (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Annandale, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1958; Bexley, NSW, 1958); engineer (Booker Bay, NSW, 1963); electronics technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRACKEN''===

* [[/Leonard Carl Bracken|Bracken, Leonard Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58V-LLQ] - 1910(Tas)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Stanmore, 1933-1934; Cremorne, 1935-1936); 2FF Sydney (Cremorne, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP1 54, 1947, NSW (likely prior RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Withdrawal: 2LF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2LF Young commercial service - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRADBURY''===

* [[/B. J. Bradbury|Bradbury, B. J.]] - abt 1887(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

===''BRADDOCK''===

* [[/Albert Braddock|Braddock, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-VRM] - 1890(Eng)-1916(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 14, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Esperance, WA, 1916)

* [[/George Stacey Braddock|Braddock, George Stacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-DGH] - 1913(Qld)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 2AGL Moree East (1937-1938); 3AGL Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1900, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936); wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); dry cleaner (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BRADFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Keith Bradford|Bradford, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-VC5] - 1912(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4KK Millmerran (1936-1939, 1947-1975); 4KK Drillham (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1750, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Millmerran, Qld, 1934-1937); farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1943-1954); radio dealer (Millmerran, Qld, 1958-1968); farmer (Drillham, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Richard Bradford|Bradford, John Richard]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief electrical engineer, Qld, PMGD)

===''BRADLEY''===

* [[/David Max Bradley|Bradley, David Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-FCT] - 1922(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2344, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Randell Bradley|Bradley, Frank Randell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G973-F7P] - 1884(SA)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 3ZK Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1931); 2JB Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2, 1924, No. 1 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, Superintendant Telegraphs Vic, 1928; Deputy PMG Qld; NSW); historian (telegraphs) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Sandringham, Vic, 1914-1924; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1943); no occupation (Killara, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''BRAGG''===

* [[/William Henry Bragg|Bragg, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFQ-9N6] - 1862(Eng)-1942(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nile yet identified - pioneer wireless experimenter; academic (University of Adelaide, 1885-1908), physicist, chemist, mathematician, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his son William Lawrence Bragg, son-in-law of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:William Henry Bragg|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William Lawrence Bragg|Bragg, William Lawrence &quot;Lawrence&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXT-CLR] - 1890(SA)-1971(Eng) - participated as a youth in his father's wireless experiments, academic (University of Adelaide), physicist, shared Nobel prize in 1915 with his father William Henry Bragg, grandson of Charles Todd - Links: [[w:Lawrence Bragg|Wikipedia]]

===''BRAIN''===

* [[/S. F. Brain|Brain, S. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: likely related XFR V. J. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/V. J. Brain|Brain, V. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFR Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: likely related 2ZD S. F. Brain - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRAMLEY''===

* [[/John Alfred Bramley|Bramley, John Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANCH''===

* [[/Lorayne Branch|Branch, Lorayne]] - Living - author (&quot;Henry Sutton, The Innovative Man&quot;); historian (Henry Sutton)

===''BRAND''===

* [[/Albert Onslow Brand| Brand, Albert Onslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-T44] - 1904(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIO The Entrance (1937-1939, 1946-1950); Toowoon Bay (1954-1961); Harrington (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2051, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (The Entrance, NSW, 1931; Orange, NSW, 1932; The Entrance, NSW, 1933-1949); electrical contractor (Toowoon Bay, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Harrington, NSW, 1968-1977; Maclean, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Jack Brand|Brand, Jack &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4V-QGJ] - 1910(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2ADX Sydney (Ryde, 1939); 2ADX Newcastle (Lorn, 1946-1950); 2ZN Braidwood (1954-1955); 2ZN Sydney (Belmore, 1956-1957; Rockdale, 1958; Homebush West, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2ZN Bourke (1969); 2ZN Hume Weir (1975); 2ZN Sydney (Strathfield, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1827, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1933; Rozelle, 1934-1935; Ryde, NSW, 1936); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943); municipal engineer (Lorn, NSW, 1949); engineer (Braidwood, NSW, 1954)

===''BRANDON''===

* [[/Eric Frank Brandon|Brandon, Eric Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPK-2ZY] - 1907(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5FB Wilmington (1933-1939); 5FB Adelaide (Prospect, 1948); 5FA Oodnadatta (1965); 5FA Ramco (1969-1975); 5FA Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1145, 1933, SA; 2COCP 140, 1938; 1COCP 183, 1938; BOCP 201, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BRANFORD''===

* [[/Kenneth Harold Branford|Branford, Kenneth Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQM-5NC] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ABW Sydney (Bondi North, 1939); 2APB Coffs Harbour (1954-1956); 2APB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1957-1958; North Ryde, 1960-1975); 2APB Gosford (Point Clare, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 184, 1938; COCP1 583, 1942; TVOCP 206, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: police constable (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); communications officer (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1954; North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); technician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1977); retired (Point Clare, NSW, 1980)

===''BRANKS''===

* [[/Albert Mervyn Branks|Branks, Albert Mervyn &quot;Merv&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-88K] - 1906(NZ)-1978(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1920s to 1970s, DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tribute]

===''BRANSON''===

* [[/George Henry Branson|Branson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-CDW] - 1918(Wales)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2EJ Sydney (Mascot, 1934-1935; Concord, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1393, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943); manager (Greenwell Point, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''BRASCH''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Brasch|Brasch, Ernest Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-S98] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJL Melbourne (Hawksburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Munitions Workers Coy) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1922); motor engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1924; Swan Hill, Vic, 1925-1937); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''BREBNER''===

* [[/Walter John Alexander Brebner|Brebner, Walter John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGS-DR1] - 1905(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Geelong (Belmont, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1172, 1933, Vic; BOCP 135, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Electrician, Wireless Mechanic, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belmont, Vic, 1937); radio announcer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); broadcaster (Geelong, Vic, 1949); radio dealer (Geelong West, Vic, 1954); manager (Belmont, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''BREDEN''===

* [[/Wynne Steere Breden|Breden, Wynne Steere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/979Z-1QH] - 1900(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Rx Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923); 2WS Newcastle (CBD, 1924-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; shipyard business - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, Vic, 1922-1924; Newcastle, NSW, 1930-1932); agent (Newcastle, NSW, 1935; Stockton, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1943-1958); company director (Toronto, NSW, 1968)

===''BREEN''===

* [[/James Henry Breen|Breen, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV4-826] - 1906(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Melbourne (Ripponlea, 1936-1939); 3UY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1774, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Camden, Vic, 1967; Elsternwick, Vic, 1977)

===''BREHAUT''===

* [[/Albert Leslie Brehaut|Brehaut, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTB-JTG] - 1905(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3SB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1082, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1926-1954)

===''BREMERMAN''===

* [[/Harold Frederick Bremerman|Bremerman, Harold Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-QWC] - 1903(Eng)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4HB Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1938-1939, 1946-1954; Aspley (1955-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1267, 1934, Qld; COCP (Eng) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (WIAQ, Life Member; Brisbane DX Club); employment (electrician, Courier Mail, Besley &amp; Pike, Mt. Olivett Hospital); pilot; UK Merchant Navy 1920s - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Albion, Qld, 1928); mechanic (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Aspley, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BREMNER''===

* [[/John Latta Bremner|Bremner, John Latta]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKP-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2024, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1967)

* [[/Thomas Bremner|Bremner, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-JT5] - 1919(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 3DV Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1936-1939); 3AKU Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1948); 2ANV Sydney (Randwick, 1950-1958; Killara, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1649, 1936, Vic; BOCP 531, 1943; COCP2 872, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Woollahra East, NSW, 1949); accountant (Killara, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''BRENNAN''===

* [[/Allan James Brennan|Brennan, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TR-SNJ] - 1887(Vic)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 31, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Seven Hills, NSW, 1930); journalist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1933; East Sydney, NSW, 1934-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); retired (Dee Why, NSW, 1958)

* [[/John Martin Brennan|Brennan, John Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKVN-2T1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ALQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1939, 1946-1956; Dee Why, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2269, 1939, NSW; TVOCP 344, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1933); electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Blacktown, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977) - Relationships: brother of 2ACE Loughlin Brennan

* [[/Leonard Laughton Brennan|Brennan, Leonard Laughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2Q-S5G] - 1916(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AMU Gosford (1939; 1946-1961); 2AMU Killarney Vale (1965-1975); 2AMU Mt Victoria (1980); 2LM Mt Victoria (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2332, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre proprietor (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1963); company director (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1968-1977); retired (Mt Victoria, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Loughlin Brennan|Brennan, Loughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ7X-3KV] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2ACE Leeton (1955-1957); 2ACE Wagga Wagga (1958-1961); 2ACE Sydney (Blacktown, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1658, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1930-1954); public servant (Wagga Wagga, 1958-1963; Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980) - Relationships: brother of 2ALQ John Martin Brennan

* [[/William Edward Brennan|Brennan, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-CVJ] - 1904(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Thornbury, 1931-1933; Murrumbeena, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1931); clerk (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972); retired (Carnegie, Vic, 1977)

===''BREWER''===

* [[/Alfred Henry Brewer|Brewer, Alfred Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-MWL] - 1871(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHB Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914); 2CN Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Bondi, NSW, 1913; Bronte, NSW, 1930-1935; Ulladulla, NSW, 1937; Berry, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Phillip John Brewer|Brewer, Phillip or Philip John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-MNW] - 1900(WA)-1948(SA) - Licences: 5JA Adelaide (Parkside, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 269, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Parkside, 1939-1943)

===''BRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilmur James Mitchell Bridge|Bridge, Wilmur James Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-TYN] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3QV Benalla (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2211, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); engineer (Benalla, Vic, 1949)

===''BRIDGER''===

* [[/Thomas William Bridger|Bridger, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85V-2YT] - 1885(UK)-1941(NT) - Licences: 4AP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4AP Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; public servant; WW1 (2nd Aust Flying Squadron, 1916) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West Perth, 1914); consulting engineer (Auchenflower, 1925); poultry farmer (Geebung, 1928); engineer (Armadale, 1934-1937) - Directories: electrical engineer (Adelaide, 1915; Melbourne, 1917-1921; Brisbane, 1923-1927; Adelaide, 1930) 
===''BRIDGES''===

* [[/Frank John Claud Bridges|Bridges, Frank John Claud or Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHRF-XHR] - 1885(NZ)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 141, 1915; 2COCP 182, 1930; 1COCP 279, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Esperance, 1921-1949); retired (Esperance, 1958-1963)

===''BRIDGEWATER''===

* [[/Francis Henry Bridgewater|Bridgewater, Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58N-NQL] - 1906(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ZO Sydney (Moore Park, 1933-1939; CBD, 1947); 2ZI Broken Hill (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Surry Hills, NSW, 1930-1937; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1943); musician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); business manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BRIGDEN''===

* [[/Gordon Joseph Brigden|Brigden, Gordon Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-1M5] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ACJ Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1946-1950; St Ives, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2234, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); importer (Harbord, NSW, 1949; St Ives, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''BRIGGS''===

* [[/David Eastman Briggs|Briggs, David Eastman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3B-PKK] - 1913(Vic)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 3FU Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939, 1947-1960); 7RF Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1317, 1934, Vic; COCP2 803, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1954); retired (Albury, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Donald Robert Briggs|Briggs, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5B-1TN] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (Walkerville, 1935-1939; Henley Beach, 1947; South Plympton, 1954-19600; 5HB Adelaide (Morphett Vale, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1490, 1935, SA; 2COCP 413, 1941; BOCP 373, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939)

* [[/Percy Briggs|Briggs, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB28-PM5] - 1907(Qld)-1992(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2232, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1943); technician (South Perth, WA, 1949-1968; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''BRIGHT''===

* [[/William Henry Herbert Bright|Bright, William Henry Herbert &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQH-GSX] - 1898(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: Spark; 4FA Toowoomba (1923); 4AA Toowoomba (1924-1925); 4WB Toowoomba (1925-1927); 4OO Toowoomba (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 123, 1925, No. 13 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: callsign 4AA withdrawn by PMGD for their use - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toowoomba, 1919-1943); clerk (Toowoomba, 1949); mechanic (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

===''BRIMBLE''===

* [[/Charles Campbell Brimble|Brimble, Charles Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5L-9GH] - 1915(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CB Adelaide (Somerton, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Somerton Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1446, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Somerton, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BRIMS''===

* [[/Marcus John Gordon Brims|Brims, Marcus John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZWB-S11] - 1888(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XQA Mareeba (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; business proprietor (plywood &amp; veneer manufacture) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Mareeba, 1912-1913); foreman joiner (Milton, 1921); timber merchant (Milton, 1925-1931); plywood manufacturer (Annerley, 1937-1958); business manager (Annerley, 1963-1980)

===''BRINKMAN''===

* [[/Sydney James Ferdinand Brinkman|Brinkman or Brinckman, Sydney James Ferdinand &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS4-53R] - 1912(Tas)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Griffith, ACT (1935-1939); 2IS Coffs Harbour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1425, 1935, ACT; COCP1 403, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Griffith, ACT, 1935-1949; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''BRISTOW''===

* [[/John Morrison Bristow|Bristow, John Morrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPL-DLJ] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 243, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Neutral Bay, 1930-1935); manager (Gordon, 1937-1943); company manager (Pymble, 1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954-1980)

===''BRITT''===

* [[/Dudley Gordon Britt|Britt, Dudley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBB4-D5B] - 1909(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2210, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''BROADFOOT''===

* [[/James Broadfoot|Broadfoot, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR1C-TQ7] - 1920(Qld)-2012(NSW)92yo - Licences: 2AJD Sydney (Lindfield, 1938-1939, 1947-1961; Killara, 1965-1969; Gordon, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2095, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949); medical practitioner (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963; Killara, NSW, 1968; Gordon, NSW, 1972-1977; Glenorie, NSW, 1980)

===''BROADLEY''===

* [[/David Hadley Broadley| Broadley, David Hadley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JR-VDL] - 1917(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AFU Sydney (Undercliffe, 1937-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1961; Lugarno, 1965, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1892, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943-1958; Earlwood, NSW, 1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROCK''===

* [[/Hector Edward Earl Brock|Brock, Hector Edward Earl]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VQL-BTC] - 1902(Vic)-1962(SA) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924); 5DP Adelaide  (North Adelaide, 1924-1927; Malvern, 1927-1938); 5UZ Adelaide (Fullarton, 1954-1956; Nailsworth, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 25, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; University of Adelaide (Demonstrator &amp; Technical Assistant, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1924); no occupation (Malvern, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BROGAN''===

* [[/John Patrick Hugh Brogan|Brogan, John Patrick Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYH-BHN] - 1909(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CG Merbein (1933-1939); 3CG Melbourne (Elwood, 1947; Richmond, 1948; The Basin, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1094, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, Vic, 1931-1942); tramway employee (Richmond, Vic, 1949); tram driver (The Basin, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROINOWSKI''===

* [[/Leopold Thomas Broinowski|Broinowski, Leopold Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FR-SMR] - 1871(Vic)-1937(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as associate editor, Hobart Mercury, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1914-1937)

===''BROOK''===

* [[/William Laurence Brook|Brook, William Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K63Q-J18] - 1906(SA)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Dubbo (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2238, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Annandale, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Glenton, NSW, 1931); station hand (Murrumbidgerie, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1968);

===''BROOKE''===

* [[/Wilberforce Henry Liddon Brooke|Brooke, Wilberforce Henry Liddon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB61-69T] - 1891(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BR Terrigal (1930-1936); 2BR Dora Creek (1937-1939, 1946-1958); 2BR Paterson (1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 638, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (1917); WW1 (Wireless Training School, Moore Park, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Jerry's Plains, 1930; Terrigal, 1931-1937; Dora Creek, 1949-1958; Paterson, 1963-1968)

===''BROOKES''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Brookes|Brookes, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSJ-GV6] - 1911(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BA Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, 1938-1939; Wooloowin, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1641, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943-1954); waterside Worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1958)

* [[/W. D. Brookes|Brookes, W. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJBH Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BROOKS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Milton Brooks|Brooks, Albert Henry Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1Q-DVK] - 1901(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5KG Adelaide (Grange, 1933-1939; Croydon, 1946-1960+); 5AH Adelaide (Ridleton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1170, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Croydon, 1939); railway employee (Croydon, 1941-1943) - Relationships: likely related to 7JB John Vickery Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks

* [[/David Deane Brooks|Brooks, David Deane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G58F-VVY] - 1912(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2NX Sydney (Kensington, 1933-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 431, 1933; COCP1 343, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Vaucluse, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Qantas Airways, Berrimah, NT, 1949); radio technician (Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Carnarvon, WA, 1968); technician (Nowra North, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Brooks|Brooks, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ8-BKF] - 1892(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XFM Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); 2EA Receive Barmedman (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1913); engineer (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930); electrician (West Wyalong, NSW, 1932-1937); teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); 

* [[/John Vickery Brooks|Brooks, John Vickery &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHXL-RK8] - 1905(SA)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 7JB Hobart (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 37, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; originally from Adelaide - Relationships: likely related to 5KG Albert Henry Brooks and 7DB D. C. Brooks - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart South, 1928; Malvern, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''BROOME''===

* [[/Francis Montague Guido Broome|Broome, Francis Montague Guido]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK6-V7S] - 1909(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2XJ Sydney (Croydon Park, 1932-1934); 2XJ The Entrance (1937-1939); 2XJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1947; Bankstown, 1948-1961); 2XJ McMasters Beach (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1026, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Croydon Park, NSW, 1931-1934; Haberfield, NSW, 1936; The Entrance, NSW, 1937-1943); electroplater (Bankstown, NSW, 1949); technician (Bankstown, NSW, 1954-1963); not available (Margate, Qld, 1969); retired (Clontarf, Qld, 1972; Scarborough, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Joseph Paul Broome|Broome, Joseph Paul &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW3P-756] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4PB Brisbane (Grange, 1938-1939, 1947; Moorooka, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2205, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949); radio mechanic (Moorooka, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''BROOMHALL''===

* [[/Charles Alfred Broomhall|Broomhall, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7NZ-2SV] - 1891(Vic)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 729, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, 1916); mechanic (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925; Canning Bridge, 1931-1937; Applecross, 1943-1954); retired (Bickley, 1958-1963)

===''BROOMHEAD''===

* [[/Sydney Vernon Broomhead|Broomhead, Sydney Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CK-TGN] - 1912(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2UL Sydney (Campsie, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1096, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Campsie, NSW, 1933-1936); clerk (Wollongong, NSW, 1937; North Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1954; Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''BROWN (A-I)''===

* [[/Alan George Brown|Brown, Alan George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G849-43Y] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3CX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1937; Upper Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 446, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, 1931); public servant (Auburn, 1936-1937); RAAF (St Kilda North, 1943); civil servant (Auburn, 1949); clerk (Deepdene, 1954; Camberwell North, 1963-1968)

* [[/Alan Weymouth Brown|Brown, Alan Weymouth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSKH-1N5] - 1902(Tas)-1938(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Listeners' League, Hobart (assistant secretary); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Assistant Secretary, Listeners' League, Hobart, Tas) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1936-1937)

* [[/Albert Telfer Brown|Brown, Albert Telfer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VT-YM1] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IU Sydney (Rozelle, 1934-1936; St Leonards, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1266, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Dubbo, NSW, 1934; St Leonards, NSW, 1937); clerk (North Wollstonecraft, 1949); auditor (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); public servant (Curtin, ACT, 1972); retired (Roseville, NSW, 1977; Valentine, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Alfred Brown|Brown, Alfred &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD9-157] - 1896(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Melbourne (Preston, 1937-1939; Sandringham, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2020, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1972)

* [[/Alfred Louis Brown|Brown, Alfred Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQV-4SS] - 1885(Eng)-1971(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as general manager, 5CL, SA) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Claremont, WA, 1910); optician (Applecross, 1916-1917); director (Kew, Vic, 1926); engineer (Cottesloe, 1936-1937)

* [[/Arthur John Brown|Brown, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KP-9XJ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2IK Sydney (Earlwood, 1934-1939; Epping, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1251, 1934, NSW; BOCP 115, 1937; TVOCP 44, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Fitter (Earlwood, NSW, 1936-1937); Inspector (Meadowbank, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Bruce Kevin Brown|Brown, Bruce Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S4-CV1] - 1920(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 7QZ Launceston (1937-1939); 2AQZ Sydney (Meadowbank, 1954-1969; Annangrove, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1942, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 303, 1940; 1COCP 492, 1941; TVOCP 1014, 1968 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Meadowbank, 1943-1968); technician (Annangrove, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Clarence Roy Brown|Brown, Clarence Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - founder of 5KA Class B Adelaide; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, 5KA, SA) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Clifford Walter Brown|Brown, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCV5-M8M] - 1906(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6CB Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 640, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Subiaco, 1931-1937); traveller (Nedlands, 1943-1963); business manager (Wembley, 1968); manager (Morley, 1972; Dianella, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ernest Charles Brown|Brown, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPG6-K19] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AJ Sydney (Tempe, 1932-1939, 1946-1969; Penshurst, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 912, 1932, NSW; COCP2 110, 1937; COCP1 295, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Wireless Telegraphy Officer, 1940-1945) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tempe, NSW, 1935-1968); public servant (Penshurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank Makepeace Brown|Brown, Frank Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H5-2M5] - 1911(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6FB Mullewa (1939, 1946-1948); 6FB Perth (Bassendean, 1954-1960; Doubleview, 1965-1969; Rossmoyne, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2375, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Northam, 1936; Bassendean, 1943); civil servant (Mullewa, 1949); telephone technician (Bassendean, 1954-1963); civil servant (Doubleview, 1968-1972); telephone technician (Rossmoyne, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Brown|Brown, George]] - 1875(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AHL Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1970, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: numerous contemporaneous GBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Douglas Brown|Brown, George Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCQ-JFD] - 1902(Qld)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 4DB Brisbane (Ascot, Qld, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: timber merchant (Hamilton, Qld, 1925-1928); director (Ascot, Qld, 1931-1937)

* [[/George Dundas Brown|Brown, George Dundas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMP-G4W] - 1898(NSW)-1932(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 304, 1917 (Marconi) - ship wireless operator?; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Probate: railway employee (1932) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1927; Toorak, Vic, 1931)

* [[/George Henry Bryden Brown|Brown, George Henry Bryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZK-XG1] - 1890(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2EB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 127, 1915 (Balsillie); COCP2 276, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Harry Percy Brown|Brown, Harry Percy &quot;Horsepower&quot;, &quot;Poo Bah&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R8-R1W] - 1878(Eng)-1967(NSW) - senior federal public servant (Director-General, Posts and Telegraphs); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Secretary, PMGD) - Links: [[w:Harry Brown (public servant)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/brown-sir-harry-percy-5384 ADB]; [https://telegramsaustralia.com/Forms/Special%20developments/People/Brown.html Telegrams Australia]

* [[/Hector Mervyn Brown|Brown, Hector Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9TY-HSC] - 1906(NSW)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5MB Adelaide (Torrensville, 1927-1928; Southwark, 1931-1933); 2YM Broken Hill (1937-1938); 5MB Adelaide (Southwark, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 345, 1927, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 402 1932; 1COCP 333, 1933) - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (2BH, 1937), PMGD SA (mechanic, retired 1940) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Broken Hill, 1937), engineer (Thebarton, 1941-1943)

* [[/Henry Mathew Brown|Brown, Henry Mathew or Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GG-RY9] - 1910(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1931-1939); 4ZB Gracemere (1947-1948); 4ZB Brisbane (Chermside, 1954-1956; Northgate, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 768, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936); salesman (Northgate, Qld, 1941); technician (Radio 4RK, Gracemere, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Chermside, Qld, 1954); technician (Northgate, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Herbert George Brown|Brown, Herbert George &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BH-NGV] - 1887(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4BH Booval (1928-1930); 4HG Booval (1931); 4HG Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 4BH Brisbane (Graceville, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 455, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (Ipswich); railways employee - Callsign: withdrawn for 4BH Brisbane - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ipswich, Qld, 1925; Redbank, Qld, 1929)

* [[/Herbert Rufus Brown|Brown, Herbert Rufus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HL-T23] - 1894(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3NN Receive Yanac (1923); 3NN Yanac (1924-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 271, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Yanac, 1919-1977)

* [[/Ivan Leslie Brown|Brown, Ivan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ2-9CV] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Sydney (Drummoyne, 1931-1939, 1948-1950; Herne Bay, 1954-1958; Riverwood, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 797, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1949); public servant (Herne Bay, NSW, 1954; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Riverwood, NSW, 1972-1977); public servant (Riverwood, NSW, 1980)

===''BROWN (J-Z)''===

* [[/J. R. Brown|Brown, J. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Southport (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James McGladdery Brown|Brown, James McGladdery]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW18-TCK] - 1882(Qld)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4BJ Aramac (1929-1933); 4BJ Rockhampton (1937); 4BJ Bundaberg (1947-1965) - Qualifications: AOCP 480, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Rockhampton, 1905); station master (Finch Hatton, 1913); labourer (Mackay, 1919);  motor car proprietor (Baralaba, Mt Morgan, 1925); guard (Aramac, 1928-1937); retired (Maryborough, 1954-1963; Ascot, 1963) - Relationships: father of Victor James Caldwell Brown, the likely actual amateur operator

* [[/John Henry Shadwell Brown|Brown, John Henry Shadwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-7M4] - 1897(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2JK Sydney (Botany, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 926, 1926; 1COCP 154, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Botany, 1930-1958)

* [[/Joseph Brown|Brown, Joseph &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQH2-YSM] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Hobart (Battery Point, 1934-1939; New Town, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1255, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 5, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (7ZL, Hobart TV); public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Battery Point, 1936-1937); civil servant (New Town, 1943-1972)

* [[/Kenneth Boyer Brown|Brown, Kenneth Boyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GV-GGN] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AKB Sydney (Lane Cove, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Gladesville, 1948-1960); 2AJJ Sydney (Gladesville, 1969); 2AJJ Nelson Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 133, 1937; COCP1 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fire alarm mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Gladesville, NSW, 1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Leonard Austin Brown|Brown, Leonard Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX21-FFX] - 1915(Vic)-1957(SA) - Licences: 3OP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1931-1933); 5OP Adelaide (Eastwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 814, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Eastwood, SA, 1939; Unley Park, SA, 1941)

* [[/Maurice Alexander Brown|Brown, Maurice Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2J-3P9] - 1913(NSW)-1978(Eng) - Licences: 2OR Sydney (Epping, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Cheltenham, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1033, 1932, NSW; BOCP 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (MRB Camp, Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/P. J. Brown|Brown, P. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JB Sydney (Randwick, 1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ralph Andrew Watkin Brown|Brown, Ralph Andrew Watkin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZV-DLV] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GO Sydney (Cremorne, 1931-1933; Epping, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 823, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: proprietor (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Narrabeen, NSW, 1933)

* [[/Raymond Albert Brown|Brown, Raymond Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-YH6] - 1906(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IL Sydney (Ashfield, 1933-1935); 2IL Glenbrook (1936-1937); 2QN Sydney (Auburn, 1935); 2RB Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1960; Clontarf, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1236, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2QN amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2QN Deniliquin commercial service - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1932-1949); technician (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical manufacturer (Maroubra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Robert Brown|Brown, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart Central, 1919; Moonah, 1928); fitter (Hobart North, 1958)

* [[/Victor James Caldwell Brown|Brown, Victor James Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBKS-2T7] - 1907(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - Qualifications: Nil yet identified, but likely those in father's name - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: wardsman (Aramac, 1928); guard (Aramac, 1930); baker (Rockhampton, 1936); radio mechanic (Barcaldine, 1943; Bundaberg, 1949-1963) - Relationships: son of James McGladdery Brown - note electoral roll addresses for Victor James precisely align with 4BJ addresses whereas those for James McGladdery do not

* [[/William Francis Brown|Brown, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-4DL] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BB Warrnambool (1930-1933); 3BB Melbourne (Richmond, 1937); 9BB Wau, New Guinea (1938); 2ANP Sydney (Bundeena, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 704, 1930, Vic; COCP2 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: many contemporaneous WFBs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, Vic, 1937)

===''BROWNE''===

* [[/Brian Brandon Browne|Browne, Brian Brandon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2MJ-9C1] - 1908(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2UZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1933); 2UZ Goulburn (1934-1939); 2UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1954-1955); 1UZ Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Goulburn, NSW, 1934-1943); engineer (Ainslie, ACT, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert John Vincent Browne|Browne, Robert John Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLZ-BY6] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4RB Brisbane (Toowong, 1925-1939; New Farm, 1946-1956; Dorrington, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 92, 1925, No. 10 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, 1936-1937); mechanic (Clevedon, 4QN, 1943); technician (New Farm, 1949-1954); teacher (Dorrington, 1958-1968)

===''BROWNBILL''===

* [[/William Albert Brownbill|Brownbill, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2V-81D] - 1919(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Geelong (1936-1939, 1947-1960); 3ABU Portable Geelong (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1707, 1936, Vic; BOCP 249, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geelong, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''BROWNHILL''===

* [[/William Brownhill|Brownhill, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4R-CSM] - 1924(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AWB Melbourne (East Preston, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2823, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Preston, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''BROWNLEE''===

* [[/Thomas Denham Brownlee|Brownlee, Thomas Denham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-QKD] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1936; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1947-1950; Roseville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 859, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP3 6744, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1931); mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Woollahra, NSW, 1937); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1954-1963); engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''BROWNLESS''===

* [[/Sidney Frank Brownless|Brownless, Sidney Frank &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-M5S] - 1915(Eng)-1995(Vic) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); military (WW2, RAF, radar research); clubs &amp; societies (IREE); author (&quot;The Sharing of Television Channels&quot;, ABCB, 1973 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, 1954-1980)

===''BRUCE''===

* [[/Ernest Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7XP-MLH] - 1879(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XABR Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/George Thomas Bruce|Bruce, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLR-GQM] - 1914(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2GT Tumut (1932-1938); 2GT Sydney (Bexley, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1946-1955; Loftus, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 971, 1932, NSW; COCP2 282, 1939; COCP1 328, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tumut, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1954); civil servant (Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968); public servant (Loftus, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/George William Bruce|Bruce, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPX-XN9] - 1913(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5GB Adelaide (Prospect, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1925, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Robert Arthur Bruce|Bruce, Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR18-SKL] - 1900(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (City, 1923-1924); 5BJ Adelaide (Glenelg, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 357, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert William Bruce|Bruce, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTC-Z1J] - 1899(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926-1928; East Malvern, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 283, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1926; Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1967)

* [[/Stanley Melbourne Bruce|Bruce, Stanley Melbourne &quot;S.M.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLB-86Z] - 1883(Vic)-1967(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (prime minister, 1923-1929) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Stanley_Bruce|Wikipedia]]

===''BRUMHEAD''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Brumhead|Brumhead, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17Y-P6T] - 1901(Eng)-1982(SA) - Licences: 3TV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939); 5TV Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1947-1954; Heathpool, 1955-1969 - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 94, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (East Melbourne, Vic, 1925; Camberwell, Vic, 1926-1927); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943)

===''BRUNSDEN''===

* [[/Herbert Thomas Brunsden|Brunsden, Herbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NR-JJR] - 1909(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2BX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 649, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 258, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Leichhardt, 1930-1937) - Comment: Gone too soon

===''BRYCE''===

* [[/Ramsay Auld Bryce|Bryce, Ramsay Auld]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH9T-FL2] - 1914(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AB Ipswich (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4AB Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1954-1969); 4AC Portable Ipswich (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1935, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (North Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio serviceman (North Ipswich, Qld, 1943); theatre proprietor (Palm Beach, Qld, 1949); showman (Palm Beach, Qld, 1954-1958); projectionist (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1972)

===''BRYDEN-BROWN''===

* See Brown, especially George Henry Bryden-Brown

===''BRYSON''===

* [[/Royal William Bryson|Bryson, Royal William &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ9P-5KJ] - 1886(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJJ Melbourne (Richmond, 1913); 3JM Receive Melbourne (Kew, 1922-1923); 3JM Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 50, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, 1914-1916); electrical fitter (Kew, 1919-1937); electrician (Croydon, 1943-1954)

===''BUCHANAN''===

* [[/Cyril Buchanan|Buchanan, Cyril]] - 19??(Australia)-19??(???) - Licences: Tulagi, Solomon Islands (1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/n5664/html/ch03.xhtml ANU-Tulagi History]; [https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2019-09/apo-nid262811.pdf Tulagi, Pacific Outpost of British Empire] 

* [[/Douglas Ancelon Buchanan|Buchanan, Douglas Ancelon &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LJ-HLX] - 1913(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2ABT Yerrinbool (1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1596, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Yerrinbool, NSW, 1935-1937)

* [[/Norman Thomas Oswald Buchanan|Buchanan, Norman Thomas Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84K-B7C] - 1912(Qld)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2NB Sydney (Manly, 1928-1939); 2ANB Sydney (Bondi, 1948; Kingsford, 1950); 3AND Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1954; Rosanna, 1955-1956); 3BNU Maldon (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 466, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Manly, 1934-1935); sound engineer (Manly, 1936); engineer (North Sydney, 1943; Heidelberg, 1954-1963; Rosanna, 1968; Heidelberg, 1972; Rosanna, 1977); retired (Castlemaine, 1980)

===''BUCK''===

* [[/Albert Hector Buck|Buck, Albert Hector]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-PC3] - 1905(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3TM Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1923); 3TM Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1924-1926; Glenferrie, 1927; East Preston, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1937); 3TM Terang (1938-1939); 3TM Shepparton (1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 138, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: father of 3ZMX &amp; 3AAD Edwin David Buck, don't confuse with Albert Thomas Buck (Qld) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glenferrie, 1927-1928); mechanic (Glenferrie, 1931; Hawthorn, 1937); electrician (Terang, 1943)

* [[/Albert Thomas Buck|Buck, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Z9K-CXG] - 1892(Eng)-1973(Eng) - Licences: 4CW Receive Brisbane (Geebung, 1923); 4CW Brisbane (Geebung, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 281, 1926, No. 24 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Kedron, 1931-1934); wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, 1933) - don't confuse with 3TM Albert Hector Buck

* [[/Edwin David Buck|Buck, Edwin David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNC-4JQ] - 1929(Vic)-2010(Vic) - 3ZMX Melbourne (Thornbury, 1965-1969, 3AAD Melbourne (Thornbury, 1975-1980), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Vic), son of 3TM Albert Hector Buck

===''BUCKERFIELD''===

* [[/Sidney Roy Buckerfield|Buckerfield, Sidney Roy &quot;Buck&quot; &amp; &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGS-S7N] - 1904(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5DA Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5DA Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Evandale, 1928-1931; Knoxville, 1933-1939; St Morris, 1947-1948+); 5DA Crystal Brook (1954-1956); 5DA Adelaide (Brighton Gardens, 1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 32, 1924, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 163, 1938; 1COCP 1557, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (5DN, 5CK, 5DR, 5AN, 5ABCFM); public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Knoxville, 1939) - TroveTag: &quot;5DA - Sidney Roy Buckerfield&quot;

===''BUCKINGHAM''===

* [[/Cyril Hugo Buckingham|Buckingham, Cyril Hugo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8L-NP8] - 1917(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3QU Melbourne (Maidstone, 1947-1956; West Footscray, 1960; Albion, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2288, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1712, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954); mechanic (Footscray North, Vic, 1963); TV mechanic (Albion, Vic, 1967; Sunshine, Vic, 1972-1977); mechanic (Sunshine North, Vic, 1980)

===''BUCKIE''===

* [[/Alan Carson Buckie|Buckie, Alan Carson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-8QC] - 1909(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6AB Perth (Nedlands, 1936-1939; Claremont, 1947-1948; Dalkeith, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1682, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1963)

===''BUGG''===

* [[/Charles Robert Bugg|Bugg, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-Q8K] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 11, 1936, Vic -  - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Geelong, 1942)

===''BUILDER''===

* [[/Geoffrey Builder|Builder, Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM6S-FBL] - 1906(WA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - physicist; radio engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, 1931; physicist (Haberfield, 1935; Ashfield, 1937; Burwood, NSW, 1943-1958) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/builder-geoffrey-9617 ADB]

===''BULL''===

* [[/Francis George Bull|Bull, Francis George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB9W-CFP] - 1904(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4MA Brisbane (Fairfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1674, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Stones Corner, Qld, 1926-1928; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1934; Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); military forces (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Hans Bull|Bull, Frederick Hans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR14-174] - 1907(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AJM Sydney (Northbridge, 1938; Epping, 1939; Chatswood, 1946-1950; Pymble, 1954-1958; Killara, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965; St Ives, 1969); 2AJM Chittaway Point, 1975 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2088, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Sydenham, NSW, 1930); clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Lewisham, NSW, 1933); traveller (Northbridge, NSW, 1936-1937); accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1943); credit accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958); credit manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Herbert Phillip Bull|Bull, Herbert Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC9-M33] - 1921(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4HP Brisbane (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ET Brisbane (Virginia, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2247, 1938, Qld; BOCP 405, 1941; COCP1 636, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Manly, Qld, 1949-1954); pest exterminator (Ipswich, Qld, 1954); wood machinist (Virginia, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/J. F. Bull|Bull, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4FH Mackay (-1949-1967+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), associate member I.R.E. Aust.

===''BULLING''===

* [[/William John Bulling|Bulling, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Y9-S95] - 1914(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5KX Adelaide (Grange, 1935-1939; Kirkcaldy, 1947-1954; Kings Park, 1955-1975); 5KX Wasleys (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1527, 1935, SA; BOCP 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Kirkcaldy, 1939-1943)

===''BULLIVANT''===

* [[/William Norman Bullivant|Bullivant, William Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJK-X8B] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Receive Albury (1923-1924); 2WB Albury (1925-1930); 2WB West Wyalong (1931-1934); 2BC Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950; Bellevue Hill, 1954-1969; Kingsford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 167, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 319, 1940) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Jerilderee, NSW, 1930); postal clerk (West Wyalong, NSW, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1954; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1972; Kingsford, NSW, 1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2PR-2WB - William Norman Bullivant&quot;

===''BULLOCK''===

* [[/Albert Frederick Wright Bullock|Bullock, Albert Frederick Wright &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4K-44G] - 1900(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ZX Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Camp Hill, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1109, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (East Brisbane, Qld, 1925); storeman (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1954); retired (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''BULMAN''===

* [[/Reginald Verne Bulman|Bulman, Reginald Verne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJWF-CY2] - 1912(Tas)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 7RL Stanley (1939, 1947-1955); 7RL Kings Meadows (1956); 7RL Stanley (1960); 7RL Gravelly Beach (1965-1969); 4YL Mt Isa (1975); 4YL Malanda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2345, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Legana, Tas, 1936-1937); soldier (Hobart, Tas, 1943); radio technician (Stanley, Tas, 1949-1954); technician (Moranbah, Qld, 1972; Ingham, Qld, 1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977); retired (Kureen via Malanda, Qld, 1980)

===''BUNN''===

* [[/Malcolm Keith Bunn|Bunn, Malcolm Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H61-NPY] - 1907(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1934-1939); 3LF Minyip (1947-1948); 3LF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1954; Kew, 1955-1960); 3SH Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1308, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1931); accountant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); storekeeper (Minyip, Vic, 1949); merchant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''BUNTON''===

* [[/George Henry Bunton|Bunton, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGWV-YFR] - 1872(Eng)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, Mosman, NSW) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Mosman, 1930-1954)

===''BURBIDGE''===

* [[/Philip Arthur Burbidge|Burbidge, Philip Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HM-7JL] - 1910(Eng)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1931); 2PB Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 456, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Camberwell, 1934); manager (Bellevue Hill, 1943)

===''BURBURY''===

* [[/Eric Alfred Burbury|Burbury, Eric Alfred]] - 1894(Tas)-1976(NSW) - early wireless experimenter (Tasmania, unlicensed?), ship wireless operator (1910s), broadcast engineer (AWA, Koo-we-rup; 2FC, chief engineer), brother of Harry Keith Burbury
* [[/Harry Keith Burbury|Burbury, Harry Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - 1897(Tas)-1986(NSW) - engineer (PMGD), brother of Eric Alfred Burbury

===''BURCHELL''===

* [[/C. B. Burchell|Burchell, C. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADZ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURCHILL''===

* [[/Charles Burchill|Burchill, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-8PF] - 1894(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4EM Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1925; Surry Hills, NSW, 1930); fitter (Long Bay Camp, NSW, 1933; Surry Hills, NSW, 1934-1936; Harbord, NSW, 1937); watchman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''BURFORD''===

* [[/Walter Patrick Burford|Burford, Walter Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHM2-CD9] - 1912(SA)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 5PB Naracoorte (1934-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1365, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, SA, 1939-1943)

===''BURGESS''===

* [[/George Thomas Burgess|Burgess, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W5-N95] - 1913(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5GC Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939; Henley Beach, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1233, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Henley, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas William Watkins Burgess|Burgess, Thomas William Watkins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDZP-X1R] - 1861(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: XDA Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Wagga Wagga, 1901-1903) - TroveTag: &quot;XDA - Thomas William Watkins Burgess&quot;

===''BURGHARD''===

* [[/Hermann August Bernhardt Burghard|Burghard, Hermann or Herman August Bernhardt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-7GW] - 1914(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 2ACL Deniliquin (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1536, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Gardiner, Vic, 1936); bank clerk (Deniliquin, NSW, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); m. vdr (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1969)

===''BURGOYNE''===

* [[/Francis James Burgoyne|Burgoyne, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-1VS] - 1876(Wales)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (VIY, 1913-?); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, South Townsville, 1919); postmaster (Concord, 1930); public servant (Homebush, 1930); postmaster (Homebush, 1933; Strathfield, 1935; Inverell, 1936; Bondi North, 1943)

===''BURING''===

* [[/Rudolph Buring|Buring, Rudolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L51C-YVT] - 1906(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 7AX Receive Hobart (1922-1923); Receive Hobart (1923-1924); 7RB Hobart (1925-1933); 3RB Melbourne (Ballarat, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 102, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 166, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: university demonstrator (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Sale, 1936; Ballarat, 1936-1937); engineer (Kew, 1943-1972)

===''BURKE''===

* [[/Eric Keast Burke|Burke, Eric Keast]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S4N-N8X] - 1896(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XHO Sydney (Lindfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; signal corps (1916); WW1 (Light Motor Wireless, 1917; Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1918); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Killara, NSW, 1930-1968); manager (Killara, NSW, 1972) - Links: [[w:Eric Keast Burke|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/burke-eric-keast-9628 ADB]; [https://wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2016/20160818-1/index.php WIA]

* [[/Henry Edward Burke|Burke, Henry Edward &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VG-VX9] - 1906(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MN Sydney (Haberfield, 1934-1939); 2NM Sydney (Ashfield, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1269, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Haberfield, NSW, 1931-1937); traveller (Ashfield, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/R. Burke|Burke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (Elwood, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''BURKITT''===

* [[/Donald Burkitt|Burkitt, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9GK-CXX] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3FP Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2417, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Warrandyte, Vic, 1928; Box Hill, Vic, 1931); bread carter (Doncaster, Vic, 1934-1943)

===''BURLEIGH''===

* [[/Maurice George Burleigh|Burleigh, Maurice George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-J6F] - 1912(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: 7MA Moorina (1938-1939, 1948); 7MA Launceston (1955-1960); 7JU Launceston (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2110, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Nelson, Tas, 1936); electrical engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1936); engineer (Power Station, Moorina, Tas, 1949; Marawaylee, Tas, 1954; Launceston, Tas, 1963)

===''BURMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Horatio Burman|Burman, Arthur Alfred Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-GDR] - 1903(Vic)-1936(Vic)32yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Richmond, 1923); 3CY  Melbourne (St Kilda, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1038, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Coburg, Vic, 1926); engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1928); talkie operator (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''BURMESTER''===

* [[/Otto Conrad Burmester|Burmester, Otto Conrad]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWN-7VX] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4OB Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1158, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 31, 1935; 1COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Toowong, Qld, 1943); PMG technician (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''BURNETT''===

* [[/John Keith Burnett|Burnett, John Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZ8-G9G] - 1898(SA)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2BJ Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 860, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 155, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Div. Signal Coy., 1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: book-keeper (West Perth, WA, 1921); farmer (Claverley via Norseman, WA, 1922-1925); clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1935); ledgerkeeper (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''BURNS''===

* [[/Claud Edward James Burns|Burns, Claud Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCLY-P7V] - 1893(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4ZY Kingaroy (1932-1939); 4ZY Innisfail (1946-1947); 4ZY Cairns (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 996, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: supervising technician (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''BURRAGE''===

* [[/John Allan Burrage|Burrage, John Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCW4-SLS] - 1916(Vic)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: 3UW Melbourne (Deepdene, 1934-1937), 3UW (Shepparton, 1938-1939) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1322, 1934, Vic; BOCP 59, 1936; COCP1 291, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3SR); WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Shepparton, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/burrage-john-allan-400643/]

===''BURROWS''===

* [[/Alan Owen Burrows|Burrows, Alan Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNZG-V74] - 1901(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio correspondent (Sydney Morning Herald, Sydney Sun); proprietor Miss F. V. Wallace (Wireless Shop), 1927-1933; president Waverley Radio Club - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Waverley, 1930-1933) - Comment: Gone too soon

* [[/Ernest Walter Burrows|Burrows, Ernest Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-YQ8] - 1900(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DZ Geraldton (1924-1927); 2DZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 659, 1921; 1COCP 5, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technical assistant (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1949; Earlwood, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frederick Harold Burrows|Burrows, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZDY-TKH] - 1894(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6BH Perth (Claremont, 1922-1924); 6BH Kalgoorlie (1925-1927); 6BF Perth (Beverley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 193, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgoorlie, 1916; Claremont, 1922; Kalgoorlie, 1925); headmaster (Beverley, 1937; Subiaco, 1943-1958); retired (Subiaco, 1963-1972)

* [[/John Charles Fry Burrows|Burrows, John Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKZ-LJ8] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJCD Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 251, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Kew, 1919-1931); representative (Bairnsdale, 1934); commercial (Kew, 1936-1937); superintendent (Caulfield, 1943-1954); manager (Toorak, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lindsay Thomas Burrows|Burrows, Lindsay Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT53-SNL] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3OB Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1937; Essendon, 1938-1938; North Essendon, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 900, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTALL''===

* [[/James Evan Robert Burstall|Burstall, James Evan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W1-FCJ] - 1914(NSW)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2QR Sydney (Beecroft, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; West Pennant Hills, 1948-1955; Beecroft, 1956-1969); 2QR Swansea (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1166, 1933, NSW; COCP2 115, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Beecroft, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Swansea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''BURSTON''===

* [[/Leonard Raymond Burston|Burston, Leonard Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4B-NNB] - 1918(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3BV Wangaratta (1936-1939); 4BV Townsville (1947); 4LQ Amberley (1954); 2ALR Canberra (1955); 1ALR Canberra (1956); 3AZB Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960); 2AMG Sydney (French's Forest, 1965); 8AG Darwin (1969); 2BBV Blaxland (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1793, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (RAAF, Point Cook, Vic, 1942); RAAF (RAAF Station, Amberley, Qld, 1954; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); RAAF officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963); airman (RAAF, Darwin, NT, 1968); RAAF (Blaxland, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''BURTON''===

* [[/Arthur Reg Burton|Burton, Arthur Reg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-3HM] - 1899(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4FE Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1935-1936; City, 1937-1939; Highgate Hill, 1946-1948); 1FE Heard Island (1954-1955); 4FE Thursday Island (1955-1956); 4FE Normanton (1960); 4FE Labrador (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1563, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); broadcast technician; federal public servant (PMGD) - Relationships: Likely father of 4BM Arthur Henry Burton - Electoral Rolls: artist (Lutwyche, Qld, 1921); picture showman (Beenleigh, Qld, 1922-1926);  motor engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1931-1934; South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943); diesel engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Fenton Burton|Burton, Ronald Fenton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-JK8] - 1918(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3IH Charlton (1936-1939); 3IH Melbourne (Essendon, 1948; Pascoe Vale, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1797, 1936, Vic; BOCP 361, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Essendon, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Glenroy, Vic, 1963-1967; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1972)

===''BUSCH''===

* [[/Reginald Talbot Busch|Busch, Reginald Talbot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ3-2P7] - 1907(Vic)-2005(Vic) - Licences: 3LS Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1923); 3LS Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1939; North Essendon, 1946-1969; Strathmore, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 157, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 286, 1936; 1AOCP 3, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; research engineer (1942) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); research engineer (Essendon, 1942-1968); research (Strathmore, 1972-1977)

===''BUSH''===

* [[/Albert Melville Bush|Bush, Albert Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBB7-DFN] - 1893(Vic)-1964(Vic) - 3YY Bendigo (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 197, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental apprentice (Bendigo, 1914-1919); dentist (Bendigo, 1922-1963)

===''BUSHBY''===

* [[/Thomas Robert William Bushby|Bushby, Thomas Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2G5-KTN] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2TW Bulli (1927-1928); 2TW Sydney (Gladesville, 1929; Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1931-1933; Rose Bay, 1934; Bondi North, 1935-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 368, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 32, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hunters Hill, 1930; Gladesville, 1933); engineer (Rose Bay, 1934; Bellevue Hill, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1937; Kingsgrove, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Bexley, 1958-1963)

===''BUSHELL''===

* [[/Harold Bushell|Bushell, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKNT-PTQ] - 1917(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHG Sydney (Haberfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1961); 2AHG Sussex Inlet (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1969, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943-1958); technician (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''BUTCHER''===

* [[/Eric William Butcher|Butcher, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-77S] - 1912(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4EB Brisbane (Lutwyche, 1931-1933; Kedron, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 871, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937); teacher (Grange, Qld, 1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''BUTLER''===

* [[/Alfred Lloyd Butler|Butler, Alfred Lloyd &quot;Lloyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLX-VQ7] - 1924(SA)-2024(SA)99yo - Licences: 5BR Adelaide (Prospect, 1947); 5BR Murray Bridge (1948-1960); 5BR Adelaide (Panorama, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2481, 1941; BOCP 475, 1942; AOCP1 49, 1947; TVOCP 244, 1960 - amateur operator; historian (SA amateur, SA broadcast) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/ldbutler/index.htm Personal Web Site];[https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/ QSL.NET]; [https://ahars.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/VALE-LLOYD-BUTLER.pdf AHARS Obit]; [https://www.wia.org.au/members/wiaawards/pubcomtechnical/ WIA Technical Award 2005]

* [[/Arthur Rogerson Butler|Butler, Arthur Rogerson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9H3X-61X] - 1889(NZ)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XADL Sydney (Belmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, CMF, 1915); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Belmore, NSW, 1913); real estate agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930-1933); estate agent (Gosford, NSW, 1934; Umina, NSW, 1936-1937; Ettalong Beach, NSW, 1949-1954; Orange Grove, NSW, 1958) - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified

* [[/Doug Butler|Butler, Doug]] -  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD, Telstra Broadcasting); historian (broadcast, Wikipedia) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/L. M. J. Butler|Butler, L. M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDC Singleton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Individual not yet identified

* [[/Richard Edmund Butler|Butler, Richard Edmund &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQX1-ZPZ] - 1926(Vic)-2012(Vic) - Senior federal public servant (PMGD), Deputy General Secretary ITU 1983-1989, Secretary General ITU 1983-1989 [https://www.itu.int/en/history/Pages/ElectedOfficialBio.aspx?off=6]

* [[/William Fitzwalter Cotter Butler|Butler, William Fitzwalter Cotter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z96-6LL] - 1850(Qld)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XDD Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: house agent (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1913) - Comment: Likely experimenters one or more of his children - Links: [https://butlersutherland.wordpress.com/the-butler-family-from-cork/william-fitzwalter-butler-1850-1920/ Gene]

===''BUTLER-WOOD''===

* [[/Bertie Saywell Butler-Wood|Butler-Wood, Bertie Saywell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXJ2-18J] - 1894(NSW)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West End, Qld, 1919-1925); dentist (West End, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''BUTTERFIELD''===

* [[/George William Butterfield|Butterfield, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L77T-FCW] - 1903(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6GW Perth (South Perth, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 906, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Northam, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977)

===''BUTTERS''===

* [[/William Leslie Butters|Butters, William Leslie W.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2VQ7-BSV] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2WY Bermagui South (1928-1935); 2WY Sydney (Brooklyn, 1936-1938; Cronulla, 1939; Karuah, 1946-1947); 2WY Nambucca Heads (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 464, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fisheries inspector (Bermagui South, 1930; Brooklyn, 1936); clerk (Erskineville, 1943); retired (Nambucca Heads, 1949)

===''BUTTERWORTH''===

* [[/Cecil Butterworth|Butterworth, Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMLR-QDG] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Wallsend (1929-1930); 2BU Wallsend (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 540, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wallsend, 1936-1958); manufacturer (Wallsend, 1963-1972); engineer (Rankin Park, 1977-1980)

===''BUZACOTT''===

* [[/Albert Hardie Buzacott|Buzacott, Albert Hardie &quot;Hardie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7YK-QZ6] - 1914(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4UZ Toowoomba (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1242, 1934, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 260, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); radio operator (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Roma, Qld, 1949; Gympie, Qld, 1954-1972; Caloundra, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Norman Buzacott|Buzacott, Richard Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ82-8ZL] - 1909(WA)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3RB Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1926; Burwood, 1931; Camberwell, 1933); 2TD Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1936); 3TD Lubeck (1938-1939); 3TD Melbourne (Balwyn, 1946-1960); 3AUB Melbourne (Reservoir, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 298, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 61, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); broadcast engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1934-1935); engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1936); broadcast engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''BYRNE''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Byrne|Byrne, Harold Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQX-32B] - 1884(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3UT Receive Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1923); 3HB Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1933); 3UB Melbourne (Brighton, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 183, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: railway employe (Seymour, Vic, 1909); telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1906; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1910); electrical engineer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1912-1914; Parkville, Vic, 1914-1919); engineer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1928); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''BYRNES''===

* [[/Ronald Byrnes|Byrnes, Ronald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OE Sydney (Crows Nest, 1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1143, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, several contemporaneous RBs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''C'''==

===''CAGNEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cagney|Cagney, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-9HV] - 1909(Qld)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Rockhampton (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1386, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Palings, piano tuner); associate I.R.E. Aust - Electoral Rolls: musical instrument worker (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1980)

===''CAHILL''===

* [[/William Benjamin Vincent Cahill|Cahill, William Benjamin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP7K-GY5] - 1913(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VC Sydney (Rockdale, 1931-1939; Sutherland, 1946-1950; Sylvania, 1954; Sutherland, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 781, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1936-1937); contractor (Sutherland, NSW, 1943-1949; Sylnannia Heights, NSW, 1954; Sutherland, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CAIN''===

* [[/James Henry Cain|Cain, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKN2-48M] - 1866(Isle of Man)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a/g superintendent, Central Mission, Wesley Church, Melbourne, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Mooroopna, 1903; North Melbourne, 1909-1913; Carlton, 1914-1919; Glenferrie, 1921-1924; Auburn, 1924-1927; Kew, 1928-1937)

===''CALDECOTT''===

* [[/Henry William Spencer Caldecott|Caldecott, Henry William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-K3M] - 1908(Canada)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2SM Sydney (Manly, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928-1929; Manly, 1930-1931); 2DA Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 285, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 58, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Balgowlah, 1930-1968); engineer (Balgowlah, 1977-1980)- callsign 2SM withdrawn by PMGD for allocation to 2SM Sydney commercial broadcaster

===''CALDWELL''===

* [[/Aleck Stewart Caldwell|Caldwell, Aleck Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5SS-6BB] - 1903(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley North, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver -  Comment: During 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Donald Pavy Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Black Forest, SA, 1939); assistant (Erindale, SA, 1941-1943) 

* [[/Donald Pavy Caldwell|Caldwell, Donald Pavy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVC2-5NT] - 1907(SA)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 29, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: amateur broadcaster but never held licence in his name, during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: Son of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; brother of Aleck Stewart Caldwell; nephew of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Clapham, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frank David Caldwell|Caldwell, Frank David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FQ9] - 1907(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Bondi, 1930-1936; Concord, 1937; Bondi, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969); 2YF Katoomba (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 587, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 404, 1938; BOCP 186, 1938  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: employee Clyde Engineering Works (Burwood, 1930); mechanic (Bondi, 1936-1937; Waverley, 1949-1958; Bronte, 1963-1968)

* [[/Robert Ballantyne Caldwell|Caldwell, Robert Ballantyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2ZSH-LYB] - 1869(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: father of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell; brother of William Alexander Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: resident engineer (North Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Rupert Christian Caldwell|Caldwell, Rupert Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W3-897] - 1893(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1924); 2JO Sydney (Bondi Junction, 1928; Waverley, 1929-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1937; Bondi, 1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 415, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Waverley, 1930-1933; Woollahra, 1934-1936; Bondi Beach, 1937-1968); retired (Waverley, 1972; Bondi Beach, 1977; Malabar, 1980)

* [[/William Alexander Caldwell|Caldwell, William Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y4-P92] - 1881(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5DI Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1923); 5BP Adelaide (Unley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: during 1920s licences apparently shared with multiple family members - Relationships: brother of Robert Ballantyne Caldwell; uncle of Aleck Stewart Caldwell &amp; Donald Pavy Caldwell - Electoral Rolls: nil (Glenelg, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CALETTI''===

* [[/Guido Caletti|Caletti, Guido &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-NV5] - 1900(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922; Newtown, 1922); 2CL Sydney (Newtown, 1923; Redfern, 1924; Annandale, 1924-1926; Punchbowl, 1927-1929; Penrose, 1930); 2AHV Sydney (Hurstville, 1938-1939, 1946-1950); licensed operator of 2ZF Newtown District Radio Club 1924 - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 649, 1921 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Punchbowl, 1930); mechanic (Bankstown, 1933); telephone mechanic (Hurstville, 1937-1949)

===''CALLABY''===

* [[/Clarence James Callaby|Callaby, Clarence James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBQ-38C] - 1910(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1934); 3BI Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 546, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Concord, 1933-1935); chemist (Croydon, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (West Ryde, 1943-1958); company director (St Ives, 1963-1968); director (St Ives, 1972-1977)

===''CALLAGHAN''===

* [[/Andrew Theodore Callaghan|Callaghan, Andrew Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7P4-H56] - 1896(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2NA Sydney (Coogee, 1931); 2NA Inverell (1933); 2NA Delungra (1933-1934); 2NA Sydney (Kensington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 733, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1 Australian Wireless Signal Co, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick East, NSW, 1930-1931); senior postal clerk (Inverell, NSW, 1932); postmaster (Delungra, NSW, 1933-1935; Coogee, NSW, 1937); public servant (Ainslie, ACT, 1943); manufacturer's representative (Longueville, NSW, 1949); representative (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Norman Callaghan|Callaghan, Leslie Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTN-LB3] - 1893(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 181, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 9, 1930 - radio telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); wireless engineer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1937); wireless inspector (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118882329 Trove Bio]

===''CALLANDER''===

* [[/Alexander Roy Callender|Callender, Alexander Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-L11] - 1914(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1947-1969; Murrumbeena, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2062, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1968; Caulfield North, Vic, 1972); admin officer (Carnegie, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CALLICK''===

* [[/Harold Victor Callick|Callick, Harold Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF4-P45] - 1898(Eng)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Herston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: surgical dresser (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1921-1925; Herston, Qld, 1937-1963; Alderley, Qld, 1943-1949; Herston, Qld, 1954-1958; Chermside, Qld, 1963); retired (Miami, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''CALLOW''===

* [[/Percival James Callow|Callow, Percival James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFB-TR6] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Albion, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Albion, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Glen Kedron, Qld, 1934; Kedron, Qld, 1936-1963); retired (Scarborough, Qld, 1968)

===''CALVERT''===

* [[/John Gibson Calvert|Calvert, John Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SQ-61Q] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2VT Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1509, 1935, NSW; COCP2 778, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Holbrook, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954; Turvey Park, NSW, 1958; Sans Souci, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAMERON''===

* [[/A. R. Cameron|Cameron, A. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RC Adelaide (Leabrook, 1931-1938); 2AMK Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. Y. Cameron|Cameron, A. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman McIntyre Cameron|Cameron, Norman McIntyre]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJ7-GNH] - 1906(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Casterton (1933-1939); 3NC Casterton (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1095, 1933, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Carapook, Vic, 1928-1954); farmer (Flagstaff Hill, Vic, 1963-1972); pastoral worker (Sandford, Vic, 1977); retired (Casterton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Robert Milton Cameron|Cameron, Robert Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXL-HDJ] - 1907(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 3OT Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3OT Melbourne (Malvern, 1924-1933); 2XV Sydney (Waverton, 1935; Cronulla, 1937-1939); 4CS Brisbane (Doomben, 1947; Archerfield, 1948); 3AC Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 112, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 87, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern East, 1931-1934); aeradio operator (Cooktown, 1943); surveyor (Prahran, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3OT-2XV-4CS-3AC - Robert Milton Cameron&quot;

===''CAMPBELL''===

* [[/Dallas Dwyer Campbell|Campbell, Dallas Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ32-236] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KU? Receive Ulmarra (1922-23); 2CU Ulmarra (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 5, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Ulmarra, NSW, 1932-1949); garage proprietor (Ulmarra, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Douglas Gilmore Campbell|Campbell, Douglas Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJBS-NDD] - 1888(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2JO Receive Kyogle (1922-1924); 2DG Kyogle (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 70, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bryan's Gap, NSW, 1913; Round Mountain, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1932; Limpinwood, NSW, 1933; Upper Crystal Creek, NSW, 1934-1937; Kyogle, NSW, 1949); Gardener (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1948); retired (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Frank Valentine Campbell|Campbell, Frank Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-CGN] - 1901(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4GC George Alfred Campbell - Electoral Rolls: wireless expert (South Brisbane, Qld, 1926); mechanic (Kedron, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Kedron, Qld, 1934-1954); electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Campbell|Campbell, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC4J-HG7] - 1849(Sct)-1930(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as listener, South Yarra, Vic) - Electoral Rolls: director (Melbourne, 1903-1913; South Yarra, 1914-1919); chief executive (South Yarra, 1924-1928)

* [[/George Alfred Campbell|Campbell, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-C21] - 1894(Eng)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4GC Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1937-1939, 1947-1960); 4GC Mermaid Beach (1965-1975); 4GC Brisbane (Annerley, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2014, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of Frank Valentine Campbell - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (West End, Qld, 1925-1926; South Brisbane, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Annerley, Qld, 1968-1972; Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977)

* [[/James Campbell|Campbell, James]] - 1845(Sct)-1893(Vic) - proprietor of engineering business in Ballarat, politician in Victoria, Postmaster-General Victoria (Apr 1884 - Feb 1886)

* [[/John Alan Campbell|Campbell, John Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G2-9MW] - 1899(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDG Melbourne (Toorak, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Nagambie, Vic, 1924; &quot;Soho&quot;, Drysdale, Vic, 1928-1936) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/campbell-john-archibald-195 ADB]

* [[/Mervyn Richmond Campbell|Campbell, Mervyn Richmond &quot;Snow&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN43-2G2] - 1909(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MR Melbourne (Coburg, 1931-1939); 3MR Quambatook (1947); Clyde (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 857, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Air Force, POW) - Electoral Rolls: milker (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942); farmer (Clyde, Vic, 1949-1980) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qname=CAMPBELL&amp;qnum=9190 RAF Commands]

* [[/Neville Douglas Campbell|Campbell, Neville Douglas or Douglas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73C-WVG] - 1912(Tas)-2007(Tas) - Licences: 7NC Hobart (City, 1932-1939, 1946-1956; Sandy Bay, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 993, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (New Town, 1943; Sandy Bay, 1949-1958)

* [[/Robert Campbell|Campbell, Robert]] - 1917(???)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4RC Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1180, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, treasurer, QSL officer) - Comment: numerous contemporaneous RCs - Electoral Rolls: Nile yet identified

===''CANACOTT''===

* [[/George Webster Canacott|Canacott, George Webster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQF-G9B] - 1918(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ACM Sydney (Concord, 1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 168, 1938; COCP1 531, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: National Medal, 1977; Queen's Police Medal for Gallantry, 1977 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943); police constable (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1954; Concord, NSW, 1958); police sergeant (West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CANAVAN''===

* [[/John Canavan|Canavan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3D-L6T] - 1914(Eng)-2008(WA) - Licences: 6CN Perth (City, 1936-1939); 6ON Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1811, 1936, WA; BOCP 109, 1937; 1COCP 618, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1937; Maylands, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954; Port Hedland, WA, 1958; Bayswater, WA, 1963-1980)

===''CANNING''===

* [[/Frederick Gerald Canning|Canning, Frederick Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN36-NJ6] - 1900(Isle of Man)-1995(UK) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1931; Toorak, 1933-1937); 2AFW Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938; Greenwich, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 675, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Fitzroy, Vic, 1922-1924); constable (South Yarra, Vic, 1926-1928); radio engineer (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943); retired (Portsea, Vic, 1972-1977; Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''CANNON''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Cannon|Cannon, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC3C-FHR] - 1899(Qld)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Cobden (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 852, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1943); clerk (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Reginald Holden Burtham Cannon|Cannon, Reginald Holden Burtham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HZY-K77] - 1920(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AMB Sydney (Lindfield, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2284, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1943; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; Brighton, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Ronald Fredrick Herrett Cannon|Cannon, Ronald Fredrick or Frederick Herrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7JW-T6L] - 1913(Tas)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7RC Wynyard (1932-1939); 3BRC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 946, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 97, 1937; 1COCP 473, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RAAFWR; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wynyard, 1936-1937); engineer (St Kilda, 1943); radio technician (Auburn, 1949; Hawthorn, 1954-1967); tv hirer (Hawthorn, 1968-1980)

===''CANSICK''===

* [[/Nathan Victor Charles Cansick|Cansick, Nathan Victor Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSJ-CXC] - 1907(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3VE Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3AK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 139, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1931); technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937); physicist (Five Dock, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''CANT''===

* [[/Alan Cant|Cant, Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGL-WCG] - 1899(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AIQ Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Dulwich Hill, 1946-1950; Hargrave Park, 1954; Padstow, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2003, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943-1949; Hargrave Park, NSW, 1954; Padstow, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''CAPE''===

* [[/Alfred Vincent Cape|Cape, Alfred Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L243-57P] - 1881(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XEH Grenfell (1912-1914); 2JU Receive Bathurst (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Tucklan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Leadville, NSW, 1932-1943); farmer (The Oaks, NSW, 1949-1954); no occupation (Campbelltown, NSW, 1958)

===''CAPSEY''===

* [[/Henry Capsey|Capsey, Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK9-N58] - 1906(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1936-1939; Forest Lodge, 1946-1948; Chester Hill, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1661, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: French polisher (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1937); radio (Annandale, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Glebe, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949-1968); radio trades (Chester Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CAREY''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Carey|Carey, Francis Joseph &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54V-PD3] - 1904(Qld)-1983(Qld) -  Licences: X?? Toowoomba (1911-1914); 4?? Toowoomba (1922-1923); 2AMI Sydney (Centennial Park, 1933-1939; North Sydney 1946-1954; Fairfield 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1152, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 122, 1938; COCP2 255, 1939 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); radio club member (QWI) - Halcyon: AOCP NSW 1925?? - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Parramatta North, NSW, 1936); wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1937); announcer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); engineer (Fairfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Thomas Carey|Carey, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y9-TZ8] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 19, 1914 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (St Kilda, 1913; West End, Townsville, 1919)

===''CARGILL''===

* [[/Norman Cargill|Cargill, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VK-S27] - 1917(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1480, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: press hand (Wentworthville, NSW, 1943-1954); radio mechanic (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972; Teleopea, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CARLYLE''===

* [[/Arthur Keith Hanham Carlyle|Carlyle, Arthur Keith Hanham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCM7-GD9] - 1909(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1939; East Preston, 1947-1948); - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 990, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Carlton North, Vic, 1931-1937); ironmonger (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''CARNAHAN''===

* [[/John Malcolm Carnahan|Carnahan, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4K-RZX] - 1915(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3BF Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939, 1947-1948; East Bentleigh, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1246, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1937-1949); supervisor (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''CARNE''===

* [[/Ronald Lewis Carne|Carne, Ronald Lewis &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-N3M] - 1910(Fiji)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4RP Hambledon Mill via Cairns (1935); 4RP Innisfail (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1186, 1933, Qld; 3COCP 429, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, 1936-1937); cane inspector (Sherwood, Qld, 1943); assistant cane inspector (Goondi Mill, Innisfail, Qld, 1949-1954); cane inspector (Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1954-1958); manager (Harwood Mill, Harwood Island, NSW, 1963; Victoria Mill, Ingham, Qld, 1968); retired (Bowen, Qld, 1972)

===''CARPENTER''===

* [[/Archibald John Carpenter|Carpenter, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPR-BJS] - 1900(WA)-1956(France) - Licences: No known licence - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 376, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Northam, WA, 1925-1936); instructor (South Perth, WA, 1943); firewood vendor (Whyalla, SA, 1948); teacher (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954)

* [[/Norman Dean Carpenter|Carpenter, Norman Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMS-CM8] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1931-1933); 2RK Griffith (1935); 2RK Sydney (Hurstville, 1936); 2RK Murwillumbah (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 732, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 80, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CARRIE''===

* [[/F. Carrie|Carrie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Glanville, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CARROLL''===

* [[/Charles Michael Carroll|Carroll, Charles Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DK-LXW] - 1907(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CY Melbourne (Ormond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2038, 1937, Vic; COCP1 313, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Richmond North, Vic, 1931; Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1942); public servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Mount Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles William Joseph Carroll|Carroll, Charles William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-62J] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Sydney (Leichhardt, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 935, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 20, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934); radio inspector (Leichhardt, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

* [[/John McLaughlin Carroll|Carroll, John McLaughlin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DL-SZY] - 1910(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 3KF Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 961, 1932, Vic; COCP2 414, 1941; COCP1 1581, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor body builder (Mordialloc, Vic, 1931-1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942); radio officer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); technician (Palmyra, WA, 1954-1963)

===''CARRUTHERS''===

* [[/Frederick Albert Carruthers|Carruthers, Frederick Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFR6-DNF] - 1905(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2PF Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923); 2PF Cowra (1933-1937); 2PF Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938-1939, 1946-1958); 2PF (Lismore, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1120, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moss Vale, NSW, 1930; Cowra, NSW, 1933-1936; Arncliffe, NSW, 1937-1958); stipendiary magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); magistrate (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CARTER''===

* [[/Albert Edward Carter|Carter, Albert Edward &quot;Birdie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDL-5CB] - 1916(Qld)-2014(Qld) - Licences: 4LT Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 4LT Nanango (1954); 4LT Brisbane (Carina, 1955-1969); 4LT Sunshine Beach (1975); 4LT Tewantin (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2143, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); wholesale grocery (S. Hoffnung &amp; Co); WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AECs - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1943-1949); manager (Nanango, Qld, 1954); departmental manager (Carina, Qld, 1958-1972); retired (Sunshine Beach, Qld, 1977; Tewantin, Qld, 1980))

* [[/Alfred Raymond Carter|Carter, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2W-TY5] - 1913(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AHH Sydney (Coogee, 1937-1938; Bondi, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1974, 1937, NSW; COCP2 672, 1942; COCP1 796, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943-1963); proprietor (Coogee, NSW, 1972); salesman (Ettalong, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Clarence Sydney William Carter|Carter, Clarence Sydney William]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5T1-TXL] - 1902(SA)-1962(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Kensington, 1923); 5CS Adelaide (Maylands, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 24, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Glen Osmond, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Pell Carter|Carter, Frederick Pell or Peel (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-2BC] - 1899(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5GK Adelaide (Mile End, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 761, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service station proprietor (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Richard Carter|Carter, George Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYC-LC1] - 1909(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GC Camperdown (1933-1939); 3GC Melbourne (East Hawthorn, 1947-1956; Bulleen, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1098, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931; Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1936); salesman (Camperdown, Vic, 1937-1943); dental mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1949-1954); dental technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Bulleen, Vic, 1972-1977) 

* [[/H. Carter|Carter, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Graceville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous HCs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Harry Raymond Carter|Carter, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G5-KJT] - 1911(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HC Armidale (1926-1927); 2HC Quirindi (1928-1939, 1946-1980+); 2BE Portable Quirindi (1933-1934); 2AI Portable Quirindi (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 286, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Quirindi, 1933-1980) - Callsign 2BE withdrawn by PMGD for 2BE Bega commercial

* [[/Walter Leslie Carter|Carter, Walter Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLK-3XG] - 1898(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2WL Sydney (Stanmore, 1925-1927; Punchbowl, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 450, 1919 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Campsie, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1933; Rose Bay, 1934-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''CARTY''===

* [[/Bruce Carty|Carty, Bruce]] - historian (broadcast, amateur broadcast), author &quot;Australian Radio History&quot;

===''CASE''===

* [[/Leslie Jonathan Case|Case, Leslie Jonathan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQN-W19] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMJ Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1939); 2MU Sydney (Unanderra, 1946-1955); 2MU Wollongong, 1955-1956); 2MU Sydney (Padstow, 1957; Beverley Hills, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 202, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1943); technician (Unanderra, NSW, 1954); salesman (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1963-1977; Narwee, NSW, 1980)

===''CASS''===

* [[/Moses Henry Cass|Cass, Moses Henry &quot;Moss&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-NTP] - 1927(WA)-2022(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - doctor; driver for establishment of community radio and SBS Radio - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cass-moses-henry-moss-32316 Obituaries Australia]

===''CASSIDY''===

* [[/John Joseph Cassidy|Cassidy, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYZ-GYJ] - 1901(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3JC Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JJCs - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Malvern, Vic, 1924-1934); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954)

===''CASTLE''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Castle|Castle, Clarence Henry &quot;Clarry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-7GR] - 1915(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5KL Adelaide (Prospect, 1933-1939); 5KL Darwin (1947-1948); 5KL Adelaide (Enfield Heights, 1954-1965; Enfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1209, 1933, SA; 2COCP 263, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CASWELL''===

* [[/Archibald Harold Caswell|Caswell, Archibald Harold &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCC-Y3X] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) -  Licences: 4CB Murgon (1934-1939); 4CB Maryborough (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1340, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (POW); business proprietor (garage) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maryborough, Qld, 1954-1972); retired (Torquay, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CATFORD''===

* [[/Lester Evans Catford|Catford, Lester Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDD8-RCB] - 1911(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LC Gladstone (1931-1939, 1947); 5LC Adelaide (Malvern, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 789, 1931, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 357, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Lance Maynard Catford|Catford, Lance Maynard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQR-K2W] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5XL Clare (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2372, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: share farmer (Clare, SA, 1939)

===''CATHCART''===

* [[/Francis Cathcart|Cathcart, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK8-P99] - 1867(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XJDJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''CATT''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Catt|Catt, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JP-4LP] - 1905(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AD Sydney Five Dock, 1934); 2FU Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1297, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AD amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2AD Armidale commercial service - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1933); electrical engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935); installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); electrical installation inspector (Maroubra, NSW, 1958); technical officer (Caringbah, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1977; Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

===''CAVANAGH''===

* [[/William Mortimer Cavanagh|Cavanagh, William Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-GPH] - 1908(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Warburton (1923-1924); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925); 2WC Sydney (Potts Point, 1928); 2WC Goulburn (1930); 3WC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Williamstown, 1937-1939); 2WC Wauchope (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 214, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 598, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Goulburn, NSW, 1930; St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934); radio dealer (Wauchope, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''CAVE''===

* [[/Norman Cave|Cave, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB7-G73] - 1898(Eng?)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1925-1926); operator of Wills &amp; Co Receive licence 1924 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 129, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF Wireless Operator); foundation member Tasmanian Gliding Club (instructor); returned to England 1931; likely Wing Commander RAF in WW2; possibly lost in SE Asia 1942 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWOOD''===

* [[/Greville Charles Cawood|Cawood, Greville Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXH-PPM] - 1903(NSW)-1994(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Bellingen (1923); 2GC Ulong (1926); 2GC Dorrigo (1927-1928); 2ALC Sydney (Waverley, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CAWTHRON''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Cawthron|Cawthron, Edward Joseph &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBH-9SX] - 1908(NSW)-1964(SA) - Licences: 2JC Sydney (Concord, 1926-1933; Neutral Bay, 1931; Concord, 1933; Five Dock, 1933); 2VA Sydney (City, 1931); 2EJ Sydney (City, 1931); 5JC Adelaide (Kent Town, 1937-1939); 5JE Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954; Somerton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 308, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 323, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, 1943)

===''CECIL''===

* [[/Clyde Cecil|Cecil, Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN5-XYG] - 1898(Vic)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6AB Kalgoorlie (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 154, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a listener, Kalgoorlie) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Kalgoorlie, 1919); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, 1921-1925; Maylands, 1928-1937); metallurgist (Nedlands, 1943); physicist (Nedlands, 1949-1954); school principal (Triggs Island, 1958-1963)

===''CHADWICK''===

* [[/Richard Howel Chadwick|Chadwick, Richard Howel (Electoral Rolls) or Howell (BMD) &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3PQ-6HH] - 1896(NZ)-1955(Qld) - Licences: 4GU Brisbane (Wilston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1197, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (travelling salesman) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Zillmere, Qld, 1921); salesman (Wilston, Qld, 1925-1954)

===''CHAFFER''===

* [[/Edward Martin Chaffer|Chaffer, Edward Martin &quot;Martin&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1Z-B3P] - 1905(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1927); 6XF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 3XF Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1933); 2AEK Sydney (Potts Point, 1938); 3MH Hamilton (1947); 3MH Ballarat (1948); 3MH Swan Hill (1954); 3MH Melbourne (Preston, 1955-1956; Moonee Ponds, 1965-1969; Doncaster, 1975-1980) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 354, 1927, No. ?? in Vic; 3COCP 304, 1937; 2COCP 113, 1937; 1COCP 151, 1937 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIA Vic Essendon, treasurer, 1924), placed 2nd for best complete station Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1924; placed second for best complete station at Melbourne Wireless Exhibition 1925; placed 10th in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926; broadcast engineer (3HA, 3BA, 3SH), Dept Civil Aviation 1930s, military (WW2, 1942+) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, 1942; Ballarat, 1949; Swan Hill, 1954; Preston, 1963); radio technician (Moonee Ponds, 1967-1968); retired (Doncaster, 1977-1980) - Relationships: father of 3AII Ken Chaffer

===''CHALLEN''===

* [[/Peter Robert Challen|Challen, Peter Robert]] - 1848(Eng)-1905(Vic) - early telephone, telephony &amp; wireless experimenter, employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Electrical Office &amp; Postmaster), radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria), associate of Henry Walter Jenvey, William Philip Bechervaise &amp; George Smibert

===''CHALLENDER''===

* [[/Gerard Challender|Challender, Gerard &quot;Gerry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CR-1DT] - 1910(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Merewether (1933); 2OF Sydney (Glebe, 1933; Broadmeadow, 1934); 2ZS Kempsey (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1076, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; high profile participation 1950 Kempsey floods; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Merewether, NSW, 1933; Broadmeadow, NSW, 1935; Homebush, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; West Kempsey, NSW, 1949);

===''CHALLENGER''===

* [[/George Reginald Challenger|Challenger, George Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3YQ-ZZB] - 1902(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Auburn, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Auburn, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;2GC - George Reginald Challenger&quot;

===''CHAMBERS''===

* [[/Francis Rupert Chambers|Chambers, Francis Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYY2-JKX] - 1898(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 247, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, 1924-1925); contractor (Geraldton, 1931; Mt Waverley, 1934-1936); linesman (Seaford, 1937; Frankston, 1942); technician (Frankston, 1949; Seaford, 1954); retired (Upwey, 1963; McRae, 1968)

* [[/Walter Alfred Chambers|Chambers, Walter Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3N6-VX1] - 1889(Qld)-1968(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 151, 1915; 2COCP 100, 1930; 1COCP 96, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Thursday Island, 1912-1913); radio telegraphist (Wyndham, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Subiaco, 1917); radio telegraphist (Esperance, 1921-1925); officer-in-charge (Geraldton, 1925); radio officer (Como, 1931-1934; Esperance, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Como, 1943-1968)

===''CHAMPION''===

* [[/Ellis Colin Clark Champion|Champion, Ellis Colin Clark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHH2-QXC] - 1916(Tas)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2CN Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938, 1946-1948); 2AVC Sydney (Ryde, 1955-1956; Pymble, 1957-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2113, 1938, NSW; BOCP 538, 1943; COCP2 779, 1943; COCP1 792, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Waverley, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Ryde, NSW, 1954); company director (Turramurra, NSW, 1968); director (Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''CHANDLER''===

* [[/Alfred William Herbert Chandler|Chandler, Alfred William Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9L-WGV] - 1905(Vic)-2010(Vic)105yo - Licences: 3WH Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1931; Caulfield, 1933-1938); 3LC Melbourne (Malvern, 1956; Armadale, 1960; Glen Iris, 1965-1975; Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 874, 1925 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); merchant (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1968; Glen Iris, 1972-1977) - Links: [http://users.tpg.com.au/johnchandler/documents/My%20Baptist%20Forebares.pdf Full Radio Biography]

* [[/Edward James Chandler|Chandler, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSM-3P1] - 1910(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4EJ Townsville (1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2384, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Belgian Gardens, Qld, 1931-1949); business manager (Rosslea Estate, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry George Chandler|Chandler, Henry George or George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9K-PF9] - 1909(Eng)-19??(Vic?) - Licences: 3AC Ballarat (1933); 3AC Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1142, 1929; 2COCP 158, 1938; BOCP 190, 1938; 1COCP 301, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1936); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1937); airman (Coburg West, Vic, 1949)

* [[/John Beals Chandler|Chandler, John Beals]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HN-HXH] - 1887(Eng)-1962(Qld) - principal (4BC); proprietor (J. B. Chandler &amp; Co., 1913-1962); Lord Mayor Brisbane (1940-1952); witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - don't confuse D. W. Chandler early wireless experimenter - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chandler-sir-john-beals-9724 ADB]

* [[/R. Chandler|Chandler, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Newtown, 1923); 2193 Sydney (Newtown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHANNON''===

* [[/H. D. Channon|Channon, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2BO Receive Inverell (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Lloyd Lister Channon|Channon, Lloyd Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD59-4NS] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Receive Manilla (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Elsmore, 1913); postal official (Raymond Terrace, 1930-1949)

===''CHAPMAN''===

* [[/Austin Chapman|Chapman, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYW-3F4] - 1864(NSW)-1926(NSW) - occupations (apprentice saddler, hotelier), politician (Postmaster-General, 1905-1907), oversight of Commonwealth Wireless Telegraphy conference Melbourne 1907 - Links: [[w:Austin Chapman|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chapman-sir-austin-5554 ADB]

* [[/Bruce Amundsen Chapman|Chapman, Bruce Amundsen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-575] - 1912(WA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BA Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939; Balgowlah, 1946-1958; St Ives, 1960-1969 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 696, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Chatswood, 1935-1937); clerk (Balgowlah, 1949-1958; St Ives, 1963-1968)

* [[/E. B. Chapman|Chapman, E. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank William Chapman (Qld)|Chapman, Frank William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC5-KB3] - 1898(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4XL Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939); 4ZFC Brisbane (Ekibin, 1965); 4TH Brisbane (Ekibin, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 785, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Salisbury, Qld, 1928); labourer (Yeronga, Qld, 1929-1937); waterside worker (Paddington, Qld, 1943-1949); PMG technician (Ekibin, Qld, 1954-1972)

* [[/Frank William Chapman (WA)|Chapman, Frank William (WA)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXD-TFK] - 1918(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CC Perth (Manning Park, 1954-1965; Bassendean, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3319, 1953, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Chidlow, WA, 1949); teacher (Manning Park, WA, 1954-1963); technical school principal (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1963); teacher (Bassendean, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1980)

* [[/Harrison Chapman|Chapman, Harrison &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-2C5] - 1909(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1922); 3GU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1929-1939, 1946-1965; Flinders, 1965-1975; Hawthorn, 1980+); 3AGU Portable Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1948-1956; Flinders, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 513, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1AOCP 32, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, 1931-1936); chemist (Geelong, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942; Ivanhoe, 1949-1954); chemical engineer (Ivanhoe, 1963); minister of religion (Flinders, 1968); clergyman (Flinders, 1972-1977)

* [[/Michael Nason Chapman|Chapman, Michael Nason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-JCB] - 1881(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XAAR Springwood (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1930-1937); no occupation (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1943) - Comment: Beware another contemporaneous Michael Nason Chapman in Sydney district

* [[/Owen George Chapman|Chapman, Owen George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YX-YLK] - 1904(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2OC Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 669, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Wyong, 1930-1958)

* [[/Percival Carnew Lamont Chapman|Chapman, Percival Carnew Lamont &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-5M8] - 1911(Qld)-2008(Qld) - 4PC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1933); 4PC Babinda (1937-1939); 4PC Monto (1946-1975); 4PC Point Vernon (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1155, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); occupation (power house engineer/manager) - Relationships: father of Geoff Chapman 4CET - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1943; Monto, Qld, 1949-1972); retired (Point Vernon, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Chapman|Chapman, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZ2X-8KG] - 1890(Tas)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 116, 1915; 1COCP 63, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal wireless operator; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo AWA) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1925); officer-in-charge (Radio Station Applecross, 1931-1954)

===''CHAPPELL''===

* [[/Lloyd Arthur Chappell|Chappell, Lloyd Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69G-SB9] - 1911(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7LC Ross (1936-1937); 7LC Winnaleah (1938-1939); 7LC Hobart (Kingston, 1947-1955; Sandy Bay, 1956-1975; Coles Bay, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1828, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 172, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ross, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Queenstown, 1943; Kingston, 1949-1958)

===''CHARLES''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Charles|Charles, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QC-V3V] - 1916(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5YQ Adelaide (North Unley, 1935-1939; Unley, 1947-1948; Ascot Park, 1954-1956; Hyde Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1443, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Unley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Gordon Bendall Charles|Charles, Gordon Bendall Hura?]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-G7Z] - 1911(NZ)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2GC Sydney (Coogee, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1258, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Coogee, NSW, 1932-1943); radio technician (Coogee, NSW, 1949-1963); liaison officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''CHARLESWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald Denison Charlesworth|Charlesworth, Reginald Denison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1M-CKJ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2CI Receive Sydney (Haberfield, 1922); 2CI Sydney (Haberfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: migrated to Fiji mid 1920s, returned to Australia mid 1930s - Electoral Rolls: factory manager (Summer Hill, 1933); engineer (Haberfield, 1935-1937); Lane Cove, 1943); radio engineer (Dee Why, 1949-1954); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1958-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2CI - Reginald Denison Charlesworth&quot;

===''CHARLTON''===

* [[/Noel Benson Charlton|Charlton, Noel Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCF9-CLT] - 1897(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: XII Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Lidcombe, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''CHARTERIS''===

* [[/Michael Charteris|Charteris, Michael]] - 4QS Ipswich &amp; Maryborough - amateur operator, historian (amateur)

===''CHATFIELD''===

* [[/Robert Greatham Chatfield|Chatfield, Robert Greatham &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK92-9L1] - 1900(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: ZL2AV Wellington (1925-1954+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 1925, No. ?? in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clubs (Wellington Amateur Radio Club 2WB, member and one time president) - Relationships: father of Don Chatfield ZL2SG - QSLs: substantial early portion (100+) of QSL collection survives - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wellington, 1922); salesman (Wellington, 1931-1954); retired (Wellington, 1963-1972)

===''CHATTERTON''===

* [[/Francis Joseph Chatterton|Chatterton, Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZWW-952] - 1902(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: 7AY Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hobart, 1925-1928)

===''CHAUVEL''===

* [[/Walter Temple Frank Chauvel|Chauvel, Walter Temple Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH5T-WNQ] - 1902(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Stanthorpe (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1925-1928); grazier (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1928-1943); radio engineer (Texas, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (East Ballina, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''CHEEL''===

* [[/Charles Reginald Cheel|Cheel, Charles Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N1J-PTC] - 1890(Vic)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5CR Adelaide (Maylands, 1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1278, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHEN''===

* [[/Paul Chen|Chen, Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDP-4H6] - 1913(China)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2063, 1937, Vic; BOCP 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHENNELL''===

* [[/Victor Chennell|Chennell, Victor &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBH-1XV] - 1907(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5JH Adelaide (Norwood, 1927-1933; Cowandilla, 1937-1939; North Adelaide, 1946-1956; Ascot Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 346, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer? (Goodwood Park, 1939)

===''CHESSELL''===

* [[/John Carl Chessell|Chessell, John Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2M1-9GS] - 1900(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 3JW Receive Melbourne (Surry Hills, 1922); 2LV Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1929-1934); 2YU Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1935-1936; Ashfield, 1937-1939); 2AFL Sydney (Careel Bay, 1948-1950); 2ER Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1948-1950); 2BJC Sydney (Ashfield, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 517, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1921); electrician (Lewisham, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (The Esplanade, NSW, 1949; Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Ashfield, NSW, 1980)

===''CHESTERFIELD''===

* [[/John Henry Chesterfield|Chesterfield, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVH-3SK] - 1895(Vic)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Wayville, 1924-1926); 2ACQ Sydney (Strathfield, 1937-1939); 4HJ Brisbane (Cleveland, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 23, 1914; 1COCP 266, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1931-1935); department manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, 1936; Pymble, NSW, 1943; Cleveland, Qld, 1949-1963); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''CHICK''===

* [[/Keith Ferdinand Chick|Chick, Keith Ferdinand or Ferdernand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6P4-SHY] - 1907(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3FV Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2015, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Aspendale, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1934-1949); army (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954); army officer (Mordialloc, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Garth Chick|Chick, Leonard Garth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6SW-7PJ] - 1918(Tas)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 7LG Launceston (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1973, 1937, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 227, 1939; 2COCP 550, 1941; 1COCP 1264, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Swan Point, 1944); aeradio operator (Lindisfarne, 1949); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954); draftsman (East Keilor, 1963-1968); surveyor (Forster, 1977-1980)

===''CHILTON''===

* [[/Frederick Oliver Chilton|Chilton, Frederick Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-XFL] - 1905(NSW)-2007(NSW)102yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Wahroonga, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 147, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receive operator; military (Brigadier); awards (Knighted) - Relationships: brother of 2RC Robert Ralph Chilton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943); civil servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Clareville Beach, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Frederick Oliver Chilton|Wikipedia]]

* [[/George Frederick Chilton|Chilton, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CR-41Q] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Pennant Hills, 1924; Carlingford, 1925); 4GD Townsville (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 160, 1915; 1COCP 10, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal operator (VIG, VIB, VIS, VIT, Rockbank); wireless telegraphist (PMG); RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917); federal public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1919-1921); radio stationmaster (South Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenferrie, 1927; Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1942); engineer (St Kilda, 1949-1954)

* [[/Robert Ralph Chilton|Chilton, Robert Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNR-821] - 1907(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1925-1926); 2RC Gloucester (1927); 2RC Sydney (Wahroonga, 1928-1939, 1946-1947; Roseville East, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 152, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist assistant (Wahroonga, 1933); chemist (Stanthorpe, 1954-1963; Sherwood, Qld, 1972) - Relationships: brother of Frederick Oliver Chilton

===''CHILVER''===

* [[/Gwenneth Mary Chilver|Chilver formerly Churchward nee Holland, Gwenneth Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-KH6] - 1923(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3US Leongatha (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3894, 1960, Vic - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3DI James Daniel Chilver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Leongatha South, Vic, 1954); home duties (Vermont, Vic, 1958; Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968) 

* [[/James Daniel Chilver|Chilver, James Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L286-V7Y] - 1913(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DI Tarwin (1936-1937); 3DI Leongatha (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1790, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Husband of 3US Gwenneth Mary Chilver - Electoral Rolls: farming (Tarwin, Vic, 1936-1937; Leongatha, 1943-1954); sales (Leongatha, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''CHINERY''===

* [[/Jessie Camelia Chinery|Chinery or Chinnery, Jessie Camelia]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMP-6NZ] - 1915(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6JC Perth (Welshpool, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1866, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Welshpool, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''CHINNER''===

* [[/Harry Edward Chinner|Chinner, Harry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVJ7-SXT] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Sydney (Randwick, 1933-1939; Maroubra, 1946-1954; Kirrawee, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1081, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 142, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: contractor (East Maitland, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Randwick North, NSW, 1931-1937); foreman (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1954); supervisor (Kirrawee, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''CHIPPINDALL''===

* [[/Eric Kellett Chippindall|Chippindall, Eric Kellett &quot;Chippy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFCB-MNZ] - 1916(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939); 4XR Gympie (1946-1969); 4XR Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1940, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4SB, 4BU, 4LG, 4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1949); announcer-engineer (Gympie, Qld, 1954-1958); shopkeeper (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Chippindall|Chippindall, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTT-PJC] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3VU Melbourne (Coburg West, 1933-1939); 4VU Brisbane (Northgate, 1947-1948); 3VU Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1238, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1942; Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CHISHOLM''===

* [[/Graham St Clair Chisholm|Chisholm, Graham St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX47-TTR] - 1915(Qld)-2002(WA) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1933); 3ACG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1948); 5PG Darwin (1955-1956); 1AB Canberra (Canberra City, 1960; Ainslie, 1965); 6IB Perth (Dalkeith, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1101, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 18, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (3SR, Shepparton, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1949-1954); broadcaster (Reid, ACT, 1958; Ainslie, ACT, 1963; Dalkeith, WA, 1968-1972); manager (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

===''CHITHAM''===

* [[/William Norman Chitham|Chitham, William Norman &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-KJK] - 1912(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4UU Brisbane (Bulimba, 1933-1934; Fortitude Valley 1937-1939; Cannon Hill, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 913, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor, QSL officer); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Cannon Hill, 1949-1963); buyer (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''CHOATE''===

* [[/Roger Sidney Choate|Choate, Roger Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQX-RW3] - 1913(Irl)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6RK Harvey (1930-1933); 6RK Kalgoorlie (1937-1939); 6RK Dardanup (1947); 6RK Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1956; Salters Point, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 714, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 42, 1936; 3AIR 1121, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Squadron Leader) - Awards: Military Division OBE [[w:1964_Birthday_Honours|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1937; Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Melville, WA, 1943); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1958); surveyor (Salters Point, WA, 1963-1968; Manning, WA, 1972-1977) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1513688 AWM] [https://www.ozatwar.com/raaf/shepherdshillradar.htm OzAtWar]

===''CHOULES''===

* [[/George Henry Choules|Choules, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK5-XZF] - 1902(Eng)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 2HB Sydney (Homebush, 1937-1938; Enfield, 1939); 3AHB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East Malvern, 1954-1965; Blairgowrie, 1969; St Andrews, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1972; St Andrews, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CHOY''===

* [[/Howe Choy|Choy, Howe]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAG Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CHRISMAS''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Chrismas|Chrismas, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YC-FC2] - 1892(NSW)-1950(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 250, 1916; 1COCP 31, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIW Wyndham (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916); wireless operator (Wyndham, 1917; Applecross, 1925); radio telegraphist (Broome, 1931; Geraldton, 1936-1949)

===''CHUGG''===

* [[/Richard Chugg|Chugg, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q9V-D49] - 1858(Sct)-1925(Vic) - Licences: XOQ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: art dealer (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915)

===''CHURN''===

* [[/George Churn|Churn, George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XG Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 897, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified; Surname may be misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CIALLELLA''===

* [[/Rebecca Michelle Ciallella|Ciallella, Rebecca Michelle]] - historian (broadcast); author - Links: [https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40783/  The Shaping of a Voice: The Early Years of 6WF]

===''CLAFFEY''===

* [[/Keighran James Claffey|Claffey, Keighran James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84R-LLP] - 1903(Vic)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Deniliquin (1928-1939); 2AK Picton (1946); 2AK Deniliquin (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 459, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarrandale, 1949; Deniliquin, 1954; Yarrandale, 1958-1963); retired (Deniliquin, 1977-1980)

===''CLARK''===

* [[/Allan Bernard Clark|Clark, Allan or Alan or Allen Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-VV3] - 1912(???)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ALO Martins Creek (1939); 2ALO Sydney (Punchbowl, 1946-1965; Wiley Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2257, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1935); fettler (Werris Creek, NSW, 1936; Hornsby, NSW, 1943; Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1968); rail examiner (Lakemba, NSW, 1972-1977); doorman (Lakemba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Francis Thomas Clark|Clark, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-CJH] - 1903(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3FC Rainbow (1928); 3FC Melbourne (St Kilda, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933; Elwood, 1937; St Kilda, 1938); 3FC Mildura (1946-1947); 3FC Ouyen (1948-1960); 3FC Geelong (Leopold, 1969; Clifton Springs, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 426, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Rainbow, 1925); postal clerk (Rainbow, 1928); clerk (St Kilda, 1931-1937); senior postal clerk (Red Cliffs, 1942); postmaster (Ouyen, 1949-1954); retired (Clifton Springs, 1972-1980)

* [[/Frank P. R. Clark|Clark, Frank P. R.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFG-WRN] - 1900(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924); 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1925) - Qualifications: AOCP 122, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: gone too soon - Trovetag: &quot;2YF - Frank P. R. Clark&quot;

* [[/J. Clark|Clark or Clarke, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1933; Vaucluse, 1934; Dee Why, 1935; CBD, 1936-1939, 1947); 2DZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948); 2DZ Merewether (1950-1954); 2DZ Newcastle (Adamstown, 1955-1961; Beresfield, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leopold Francis Clark|Clark, Leopold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273Q-3D5] - 1902(Tas)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7CK Natone (1932-1939); 7CK Burnie (1946-1948); Deloraine (1954-1969); Lanena (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 989, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Natone, 1928-1936; Burnie, 1943-1949); grazier (Needles, 1954; Deloraine, 1963)

* [[/Raymond John Clark|Clark, Raymond John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWS-RGF] - 1910(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3VO Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2359, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fish merchant (Box Hill, Vic, 1937-1967)

===''CLARKE''===

* [[/Albert Irvin Keith Clarke|Clarke, Albert Irvin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1L-D6Z] - 1896(WA)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2IC Sydney (Earlwood, 1931-1939, 1946-1975; Narrabeen, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 729, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coach builder (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1972); retired (Narrabeen, NSW, 1977)

* [[/F. P. R. Clarke|Clarke, F. P. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YF Sydney (Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Gunner Clarke|Clarke, Gunner]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XFN Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Ross Clarke|Clarke, James Ross]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 962, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRCs - Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Percival Fraser Clarke|Clarke, Percival Fraser &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ3-4J2] - 1896(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4PY Ayr (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1781, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jarvisfield, Qld, 1919-1937; Aspley, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/R. Clarke|Clarke, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Auburn, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Allan Clarke|Clarke, Reginald Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MC-GMQ] - 1919(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2213, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Warren Cecil Clarke|Clarke, Warren Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1G-MDD] - 1928(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ASM Sydney (Brookvale, 1947; Broadway, 1948-1950; Dee Why, 1954-1955; Brookvale, 1956-1961; Balgowlah, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2836, 1948, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Pyrmont, NSW, 1949); press photographer (Dee Why, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); photographer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Warren Ross Clarke|Clarke, Warren Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NT-LSN] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Mosman,1930-1933; Asquith, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: AOCP 650, 1930, NSW; 2COCP 6, 1934; 1COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Asquith, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1936); radio officer (Mosman, 1943); flight radio officer (Mosman, 1949-1954); clerk (Glenbrook, 1963); travel consultant (Glenbrook, 1972); clerk (Merrylands, 1972); planner (North Rocks, 1977-1980)

* [[/William George Clarke|Clarke, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ2-1QS] - 1884(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 32, 1930 - RANRS (temp Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: several contemporaneous WGCs - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Townsville, 1916); seaman (HMAS Encounter, Geelong, 1919); biograph operator (Langwarrin Military Camp, Vic, 1919); hotel manager (Naval Base Hotel, South Fremantle, 1931)

===''CLAY''===

* [[/Richard George Clay|Clay, Richard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZZ-LGN] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Northcote, 1929; Alphington, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 536, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Northcote, 1925-1927); welder (Northcote, 1928); electric welder (Alphington, 1931); welder (Richmond, 1936-1937; Alphington, 1942; Northcote, 1949); contractor (Traralgon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Henry Victor Clay|Clay, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-CN9] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Sydney (Maroubra, 1932-1933; Ryde, 1933-1934; Gladesville, 1935; Ryde, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 943, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 428, 1933; COCP1 509, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1933); constable (Ryde, NSW, 1934-1943); sawmiller (North Ryde, NSW, 1949); technician (Dural, NSW, 1958); radio technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1963; Oakville, NSW, 1968); grazier (Nabiac, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Iluka, NSW, 1980)

===''CLAYTON''===

* [[/Maisie Ian Jesson Clayton|Rawson nee Clayton, Maisie Ian Jesson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RT-25P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 488, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio worker (Artarmon, 1937); engineer (Kirribilli, 1949); radio engineer (Lane Cove, 1954-1963); engineer (Lane Cove, 1968-1972); home duties (Lane Cove, 1977-1980) - Lady:

* [[/Maurice Charles Clayton|Clayton, Maurice Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86J-HX3] - 1912(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1930-1931); 5ZC Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 596, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon (24yo)

* [[/Walter George Gladstone Clayton|Clayton, Walter George Gladstone &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3XN-J1N] - 1918(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4WG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4WG Brisbane (Windsor, 1946-1969); 4WG Townsville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1868, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF Signals); state public servant (Qld Railways, supervising tech. comms.) - Relationships: uncle of Maise Ian Jesson Rawson nee Clayton (Radio Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Windsor, 1954-1968); technician (Townsville, 1972-1980)

===''CLEBURNE''===

* [[/Eric William Cleburne|Cleburne, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-3WZ] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AII Sydney (Gordon, 1937-1939; Mosman, 1946-1950; Willoughby East, 1954-1958); 2BII Bermagui South (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2025, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gordon, NSW, 1935-1937); wireless operator (Gordon, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Willoughby, NSW, 1954-1958); manager (Croydon, Vic, 1958-1968); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CLEMENS''===

* [[/Henry Clemens|Clemens, Henry]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 970, 1932, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HCs; Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CLIFF''===

* [[/Harry Cliff|Cliff, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-WYZ] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HC Melbourne (Essendon, 1928-1948; Heidelberg, 1954-1975); 3HC Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 400, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Comment: pre 1928 is another Harry Cliff - Electoral Rolls: implement maker (Moonee Ponds, 1906); engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1928); clerk (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937); company secretary (North Melbourne, 1943); director (Ivanhoe, 1954-1968; Heidelberg, 1972); retired (Point Lonsdale, 1977-1980)

===''CLIFFORD''===

* [[/Herbert Glendenning Clifford|Clifford, Herbert Glendenning]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTS-4CN] - 1882(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5BW Receive Renmark (1923); Receive Renmark (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Renmark, SA, 1939-1943)

===''CLINCH''===

* [[/Frederick Gladstone Clinch|Clinch, Frederick Gladstone &quot;Glad&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5P-TWM] - 1898(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6JR Greenough (1928-1933); 6FG Miling (1960); 6FG Perth (Doubleview, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 468, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 6CL Ian Harold Wilson Clinch - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Greenough, 1922-1943); garage proprietor (Miling, 1958); retired (Doubleview, 1963-1972)

* [[/Ian Harold Wilson Clinch|Clinch, Ian Harold Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQX-YS1] - 1926(WA)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6CL Miling (1960-1965); 6CL Dandaragan (1969); 6CL Rossmoyne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3596, 1957, WA - amateur operator, WW2 - Relationships: son of 6JR-6FG Frederick Gladstone Clinch - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leederville, 1949); manager (Miling, 1958-1963); radio technician (Dongara, 1968); technician (Rossmoyne, 1972-1980)

===''CLOSS''===

* [[/Alvin Theodore Closs|Closs, Alvin Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L67V-HG7] - 1895(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: V750 Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922); 3GV Receive Melbourne (Olinda, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Brighton, 1917); storekeeper (Olinda, 1924-1931); salesman (Olinda, 1934-1937); civil servant (Tunstall, 1943-1954); retired (Yarra Junction, 1963-1972)

===''CLOUGH''===

* [[/James Edward Clough|Clough, James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QV-KGG] - 1887(NSW)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 483, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918)  - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Sea Lake, Vic, 1912); telegraphist (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, Vic, 1915; Prahran, Vic, 1916-1917); postmaster (Sunshine, Vic, 1924-1927; Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''CLUNNE''===

* [[/Edward James Clunne|Clunne, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKD-4W1] - 1914(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2DK Sydney (Merrylands, 1932-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1060, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Occupation machinist in deceased estate file - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Granville, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''CLYNE''===

* [[/Alec Henry Clyne|Clyne, Alec Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YX-G45] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3VX Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1936-1939; East Prahran, 1947-1948; Carnegie, 1954-1960); 3ACC Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1965; Glen Waverley, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1620, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3HZ Edgar Murray Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1963; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Edgar Murray Clyne|Clyne, Edgar Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QB-W1W] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923); 3HZ Shepparton (1935-1937); 3HZ Warragul (1938-1939, 1947); 3HZ Shepparton (19481965); 3HZ Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1558, 1935, Vic; BOCP 51, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VX-3ACC Alec Henry Clyne - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1931-1937; Warragul, Vic, 1942); manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''COADE''===

* [[/Ernest Coade|Coade, Ernest]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rutherglen, 1914); mechanic (Thursday Island, 1919)

===''COAKLEY''===

* [[/Thomas James Coakley|Coakley, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX24-W7T] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 5UK Adelaide (Unley, 1933-1939); 3IU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Essendon, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1105, 1933, No. ?? in SA, 3COCP 61, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: aero fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''COALTER''===

* [[/Martin Coalter|Coalter, Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSR-STB] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1, 1914 - ship wireless operator? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COATE''===

* [[/Edward Fordham Coate|Coate, Edward Fordham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XB-SQZ] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3AIP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1965-1969; Lower Templestowe, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 26, 1936; AOLCP 884, 1960; AOCP 4053, 1962, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''COATES''===

* [[/Alfred Melbourne Coates|Coates, Alfred Melbourne or Melbourne Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-MCZ] - 1884(???)-1964(Vic) - Licences: V757 Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922); 3GG Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (USA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Elsternwick, 1921-1937; Kalorama, 1943-1954)

===''COATH''===

* [[/Stanley Pascall Coath|Coath, Stanley Pascall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQB-4C4] - 1913(Vic)-2010(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (West Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1363, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''COBB''===

* [[/Victor Lindsay Cobb|Cobb, Victor Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB7Y-Q52] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1881, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1954; Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''COCHRANE''===

* [[/Athol Brien Cochrane|Cochrane, Athol Brien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKF-1FK] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAEK Sydney (Longueville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals Coy, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COCKS''===

* [[/Leonard Wilfred Sidney John Cocks|Cocks, Leonard Wilfred Sidney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP2-8K3] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2DF Sydney (Eastwood, 1933-1939; Arncliffe, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1224, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Arncliffe, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''COFFEY''===

* [[/Henry Freeman Coffey|Coffey, Henry Freeman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3QL-BR1] - 1885(Irl)-1934(NSW) - Licences: 4KY Brisbane (Doomben, 1925-1926; Hamilton, 1927); 2ZY Sydney (Willoughby, 1929; Maroubra, 1930-1934) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 52, 1915; 1COCP 12, 1930 - Halycyon: AOCP Brisbane 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless operator (Marconi, White Star, Booth Steamship, Iquitos Steamship, Union Castle); RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); coastal operator (CRS, PMGD, AWA); federal public servant - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Middle Park, Vic, 1919); engineer (Malvern East, 1922-1924); radiostation master (Thursday Island, 1925); wireless operator (Doomben, Qld, 1925-1928); engineer (Chatswood, 1930); wireless mechanic (Maroubra, 1930-1934)

===''COFFIN''===

* [[/Robert George Coffin|Coffin, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXT-CSG] - 1911(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3NU Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1960); 3ANU Mobile Aboard Vessel &quot;Carole G&quot; (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1767, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963)

===''COGHLAN''===

* [[/John Leo Coghlan|Coghlan, John Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYV3-1F4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3ST Melbourne (St Kilda, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1777, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bunyip, Vic, 1931-1934); driver (St Kilda West, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''COHEN''===

* [[/Derrick Cohen|Cohen, Derek or Derrick Simeon &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCF-DR7] - 1914(Eng)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2YM Sydney (Dobroyd Point, 1932-1933; Kings Cross, 1933; Clovelly, 1934-1936); 4YM Brisbane (City, 1937-1939); 1YM Macquarie Island (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 238, 1930; AOCP 1011, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West End, Qld, 1943); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954); television producer (Chatswood, NSW, 1963; Little Wallaby Beach, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Francis Cohen|Cohen, Ronald Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVV3-8HY] - 1912(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2TF Sydney (Beecroft, 1935-1937; Mosman, 1938; Pennant Hills, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1478, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Beecroft, NSW, 1933-1937); industrial chemist (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''COLE''===

* [[/Gordon Francis Cole|Cole, Gordon Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8C-FHT] - 1919(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Cronulla, 1935-1938; Caringbah, 1939; Miranda, 1946-1950; Beverly Hills, 1954-1965; West Pymble, 1969) - cc; Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1560, 1935, NSW; BOCP 106, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous GFC - Electoral Rolls: technician (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Pymble, NSW, 1968)

* [[/J. Cole|Cole, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBZ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: several JCs in Wollstonecraft area 1913 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Lionel Cole| Cole, Victor Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRRF-HC9] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ACS Sydney (Croydon, 1936-1939; Lakemba, 1946-1947); 2VL Sydney (Lakemba, 1948-1975); 2VL Sussex Inlet (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1681, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Botany, NSW, 1930-1935); toolmaker (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Sussex Inlet, NSW, 1980)

===''COLEBATCH''===

* [[/Ernest Vincent Colebatch|Colebatch, Ernest Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Q2-974] - 1905(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5CG Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Norwood, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Belair, SA, 1939-1941)

===''COLES''===

* [[/Arthur Francis Coles|Coles, Arthur Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWWX-J2S] - 1902(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2746 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1930); motor mechanic (Wyangala Dam, NSW, 1931-1934); mechanic (Ungarie, NSW, 1937; Chullora, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Croydon Park, NSW, 1954-1963); supervisor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1968); retired (Douglas Park, NSW, 1972; Lumeah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLESTON''===

* [[/Stanley Russell Coleston|Coleston, Stanley Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-KQL] - 1913(Vic)-2012(Qld) - Licences: 3XK Melbourne (Middle Park, 1930-1931; Gardenvale, 1933; Glenhuntly, 1937-1939, 1946-1955); 9XK Port Moresby (1956-1960); 3AXK Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969); 4XA Brisbane (Geebung, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 688, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; DCA (Port Moresby, ca 1960) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Glenhuntly, 1936-1942; Caulfield East, 1949-1954); public servant (Mt Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Geebung, 1977-1980)

===''COLLARD''===

* [[/Cyril John Felton Collard|Collard, Cyril John Felton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97X9-6VY] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2CF Maitland West (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 362, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 540, 1941; BOCP 541, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lorn, 1930-1963); retired (North Maitland, 1968)

===''COLLETT''===

* [[/Major Edwin Collett|Collett, Major Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZ6-293] - 1907(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2XL Lisarow (1935-1936); 2RU Lisarow (1937); 2RU Gosford (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1505, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2XL amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2XL Cooma commercial service - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Bilfin, NSW, 1930; Lisarow, NSW, 1932-1937); radio engineer (Gosford, NSW, 1943-1968); director (Gosford, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''COLLEY''===

* [[/James Graham Colley|Colley, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-M23] - 1906(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Seacliff, 1947); 3QZ Melbourne (Chelsea, 1947); 3QZ Traralgon, 1948-1980+); 3AQW Lakes Entrance (1960); 3AQZ Lakes Entrance (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2280, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1928; Yarram, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Quambatook, Vic, 1942); inspector (Traralgon, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Traralgon, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLLINGE''===

* [[/Christopher Herbert Collinge|Collinge, Christopher Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L242-4YT] - 1911(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2FQ Sydney (Campsie, 1939; Bexley North (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1849, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Bexley North, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''COLLINS''===

* [[/Clarence Henry Joseph Collins|Collins, Clarence Henry Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1Y1-GB1] - 1891(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5FC Adelaide (Marryatville, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1043, 1932, SA; BOCP 29, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Marryatville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Reuben James Collins|Collins, Reuben James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2F-6PX] - 1904(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3OI Melbourne (Croxton, 1936-1939; Preston, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1737, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1926-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942-1954)

* [[/Walter Collins|Collins, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-QL2] - 1910(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2AEI Wagga Wagga (1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1863, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Australian Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934; Southern Cross Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936; Exchange Hotel, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Edward Collins|Collins, William Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XYAH Perth (Cannington, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous WECs - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Cannington, WA, 1916; Victoria Park, WA, 1917); civil servant (Balkatta, WA, 1931-1937)

===''COLLIS''===

* [[/George Andrew Collis|Collis, George Andrew]] - 1869(Tas)-1926(Tas) - Receive Hobart, radio clubs (Tasmanian Radio Club, foundation member, 1922+), electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1921) - potential misidentification, George Arthur Collis, Radio Research Club, Hobart, witness to Royal Commission Wireless 1927

* [[/Ralph Collis|Collis, Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-48N] - 1918(WA)-2013(WA)105yo - Licences: 6LY Perth (Bayswater, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1454, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bayswater, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); proprietor (Cadoux, WA, 1963; Tuart Hill, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Dianella, WA, 1972-1977); proprietor (Bedford, WA, 1980)

===''COLQUHOUN''===

* [[/Colin George Burrowes Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Colin George Burrowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-RLP] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XJAA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (South Yarra, Vic, 1919-1921); medical practitioner (Avoca, Vic, 1924-1931; Mornington, Vic, 1935; Camberwell, Vic, 1936; Ringwood, Vic, 1937); medical official (Croydon, Vic, 1943-1954); medical practitioner (Heathmont, Vic, 1958); nil (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Trevor Keith Colquhoun|Colquhoun, Trevor Keith]] - 1907(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 9TC Salamaua, New Guinea (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 935, 1926; COCP2 101, 1930; COCP1 33, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Awards: Medal of the Order of Australia, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (New Town, Tas, 1943); newsagent (Launceston, Tas, 1972); retired (Norwood, Tas, 1980)

===''COLTHEART''===

* [[/Clarence James Coltheart|Coltheart, Clarence James]] - 1885(Tas)-1962(Tas) - Licences: 7BF Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1913-1914; Queenstown, 1922-1954)

===''COLTHRUP''===

* [[/James Frederick Colthrup|Colthrup, James Frederick &quot;Frederick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBW8-J4Z] - 1908(Vic)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 3PL Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1368, 1934, Vic; COCP1 374, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, Wireless &amp; Gunnery School) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, 1931); engineer (Clifton Hill, 1937); airman (Clifton Hill, 1942) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/623876 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306064 AWM]; [https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140421275 Trove]

===''COLTON''===

* [[/George Musgrove Coward Colton|Colton, George Musgrove Coward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2G-R3C] - 1893(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922); 2UM Sydney (Stanmore, 1935-1939, 1947-1950; Burwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 806, 1924 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical business (Annandale, NSW, 1932-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''COLVILLE''===

* [[/Sydney Victor Colville|Colville, Sydney Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WQ-S78] - 1894(Vic)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XQF Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913); 2FA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 2FA Sydney (CBD, 1923-1924; Drummoyne, 1923-1925); 2VH Sydney (Longueville, 1935; CBD 1936; Broadway, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless retail business proprietor (Colville Moore) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloongabba, 1917; Chelmer, 1919-1921); broker (Bowen Hills, 1922); manufacturer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1933); merchant (Lane Cove, 1935-1936); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1936-1937); company director (Glenbrook, 1943-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XQF-2FA-2VH - Sydney Victor Colville&quot;

===''COLVIN''===

* [[/Noel Denis Colvin|Colvin, Noel Denis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNBQ-MM5] - 1914(Vic)-2013(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3NJ Melbourne (Ringwood East, 1935-1939); 3AUT Melbourne (Box Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1448, 1935, Vic; COCP2 64, 1936; COCP1 152, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: airman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); Student (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); RAAF (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1968; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COLYER''===

* [[/Eric Lionel Colyer|Colyer, Eric Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKZH-47J] - 1915(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2EL Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Manly, 1934; Vaucluse, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937-1939); 3EQ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938); 3AEL Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947-1948); 2AED Sydney (Gordon, 1950-1960) (Vessel MY &quot;Tiki&quot;, 1955-1956); 2BEL Sydney (Gordon, 1969; Pymble, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1016, 1932, NSW; COCP3 2337, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Vaucluse, NSW, 1937); manager (Burwood, NSW, 1943; Malvern East, Vic, 1949); company director (Gordon, NSW, 1954-1968); director (Pymble, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''CONDON''===

* [[/Austin Sylvester Condon|Condon, Austin Sylvester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RG-K2K] - 1924(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5WO Laura (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3012, 1949, SA - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil [https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ipad/obituaries-tributes-to-three-of-our-finest/news-story/845c3a27d81fd8a8f4bbe436503a9b1e Obit]

===''CONDER''===

* [[/Walter Tasman Conder|Conder, Walter Tasman &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CJ-DTS] - 1888(Tas)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as General Manager, BCA, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Launceston, 1914); soldier (Langwarrin Military Camp, 1918-1921; Melbourne, 1924); secretarial (Melbourne, 1925-1928); entrepreneur (Melbourne, 1931-1937); secretary (Melbourne, 1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/conder-walter-tasman-5747 ADB]

===''CONGDON''===

* [[/Bert Congdon|Congdon, Bert &quot;Bertie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VVJ-CMW] - 1891(Vic)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6BA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923-1924); 6BC Perth (Subiaco, 1927-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 382, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; civil servant - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, 1925-1958)

===''CONNELLY''===

* [[/Dermot Anthony Connelly|Connelly, Dermot Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L5-2VC] - 1903(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3BU Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922); 3BU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925); 3ADK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1948; Ivanhoe, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Caulfield, 1927-1936); Air Force officer (St Kilda, 1937); nil (Frankston, 1949); photographer (Ivanhoe, 1954-1963)

===''CONNON''===

* [[/George Wilson Connon|Connon, George Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGF-8Z2] - 1907(Sct)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5KJ Booleroo (1937-1939); 5KJ Yunta (1947); 5KJ Alice Springs (1948-1954); 5KJ Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1955-1956); 5KJ Port Lincoln (1960); 5KJ Berri (1965-1969); 5KJ Barmera (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1991, 1937, SA; 2COCP 336, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pensioner (Millswood East, SA, 1939); bookkeeper (Port Augusta, SA, 1941-1948); radio technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1949-1954)

===''CONNOR''===

* [[/Emmett Bernard Connor|Connor, Emmett Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-L7Q] - 1913(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4CE Gindie (1936); 4OC Longreach (1956); 4OC Fernlees (1960); 4OC Brisbane (Aspley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1650, 1936, Qld; BOCP 280, 1940; 3COCP 5529, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: shearing shed hand (Gindie, Qld, 1936); radio mechanic (Enoggera, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943-1949); business Manager (Cramsie, Longreach, Qld, 1954-1958); grazier (&quot;Ronnoc Downs&quot;, Fernlees, Qld, 1958-1963; Aspley, Qld, 1963-1977)

* [[/Laurance Kingsley Connor|Connor, Laurance or Laurence Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2GD-KPT] - 1907(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Belmore, 1925-1926); 2ALC Sydney (Lakemba, 1948; Cammeray, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 68, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 881, 1925; 2COCP 199, 1930; 1COCP 220, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937); radio teacher (Willoughby, NSW, 1943); communication officer (Liverpool, NSW, 1949)

* [[/Stephen James Connor|Connor, Stephen James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4J-FP4] - 1894(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 235, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, 1917); electrical engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1930; Lismore, NSW, 1933); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1934; Strathfield, NSW, 1936-1963); retired (Lapstone, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Terence Connor|Connor, Terence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-3DV] - 1916(Tas)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 7CT Hobart (Rokeby, 1936-1939; City, 1946-1948); 7CT Huonville (1954-1960); 7CT Hobart (Bellerive, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1643, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: auto-electrician (New Town, 1943; Hobart North, 1949); manager (Huonville, 1949-1954); sales rep. (Bellerive, 1963-1977)

===''CONRAD''===

* [[/Raymond Ernest Conrad|Conrad, Raymond Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP2-VGS] - 1905(Tas)-1977(Tas) - Licences: 2TR Sydney (Bexley, 1930-1937; Rockdale, 1938-1939); 7TR Hobart (Derwent Park, 1947; Moonah, 1948-1956; Berriedale, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 651, 1930, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 308, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: battery fitter (Bexley, 1930); storeman (Bexley, 1931-1934); clerk (Bexley, 1935-1936; Rockdale, 1937); purchasing officer (Cameray, 1943); radio manufacturer (Moonah, 1949-1954); engineer (Hospital, Rosetta, 1963)

===''CONRY''===

* [[/William Henry Conry|Conry, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJL-HCR] - 1892(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 3OK Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1925); 3CO Melbourne (Brighton, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 260, 1916; 1COCP 44, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); RANRS; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD Vic) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1919; Armadale, 1921-1924); inspector (Brighton, 1925-1937); radio inspector (South Brisbane, 1943-1949); postal official (St Lucia, 1954-1958)

===''CONSTABLE''===

* [[/Hector Mantle Shaw Constable|Constable, Hector Mantle Shaw]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTS-Z5V] - 1910(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3FE Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947; Parkdale, 1948; Mont Albert, 1954; Mont Park, 1955-1956; Mont Albert, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1999, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Yarra Junction, Vic, 1931; Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1943); inspector (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954)

===''CONWAY''===

* [[/Mervyn Laurence Dean Conway|Conway, Mervyn Laurence Dean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MH-GHZ] - 1912(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7CL Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1960); 7CL Hobart (West Hobart, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1684, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Nelson, 1936); school teacher (Launceston East, 1937); teacher (Devonport, 1943; New Town, 1949-1958)

===''COOK''===

* [[/Ernest Byron Cook|Cook, Ernest or Ernest Byron &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M46M-M3J] - 1902(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Tresco (1926-1927); 3CK Kerang (1931); 3EC Swan Hill (1938-1939); 3EC Melbourne (Coburg, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 295, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Swan Hill, 1937-1942); technician (Coburg, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Frank Leslie Cook|Cook, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-K3H] - 1914(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2FF Sydney (Dee Why, 1934-1936); 2GV Sydney (Dee Why, 1935-1936); 2AHW Sydney (Dee Why, 1938); 2ANC Sydney (Centennial Park, 1946-1947; Lidcombe, 1948; Auburn, 1950; Carlingford, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1355, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Dee Why, NSW, 1934-1937); radio tester (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943); draftsman   (Lidcombe, NSW, 1949; Carlingford, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Raynham Harry Cook|Cook, Raynham Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCX-CRB] - 1902(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3OX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1932-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 951, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Victor Roy Percival Cook|Cook, Victor Roy Percival &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYJG-6C6] - 1899(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: XVN Adelaide (1913-1914); S099 Adelaide (1920s); 5AC Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1927; Rose Park, 1928-1931; Kilkenny, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Woodville, 1954-1975; Somerton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 94, 1925, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Kilkenny, 1939-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XVN-S099-5AC - Victor Roy Percival Cook&quot;

===''COOKE''===

* [[/Clarence Robert Cooke|Cooke, Clarence Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-3P6] - 1891(???)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CP Perth (Bayswater, 1932-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1068, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Mornington Mills, WA, 1914); locomotive driver (Mornington Mills, WA, 1921-1926); locomotive engine driver (Bayswater, WA, 1931-1968)

* [[/Clive J. Cooke|Cooke, Clive J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4CC Brisbane (Chermside, -1952+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld)

* [[/Frank Basil Cooke|Cooke, Frank Basil &quot;Basil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7Q6-TN8] - 1892(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: XADW Sydney (1913-14); 2LI Sydney (1922-1924); 2XQ Receive Sydney (1923); 2DJ Sydney (Northbridge, 1924-1931; Mosman, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 39, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, vice-president 1923) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1930; salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1943); teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1949-1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XADW-2LI-2XQ-2DJ - Frank Basil Cooke&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Cooke|Cooke, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB8-V6L] - 1906(Eng)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Footscray, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 311, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: meter tester (Footscray, 1926-1949)

===''COOKSON''===

* [[/Arnold Cookson|Cookson, Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YD-87L] - 1889(Eng)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 201, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1919); no occupation (Darlinghurst, 1949); clerk (Northbridge, 1949-1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Joseph George Cookson|Cookson, Joseph George &quot;George&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGCW-Z8N] - 1888(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 862, 1925; 2COCP 21, 1929; 1COCP 34, 1930 - RANRS (1919), AWA - Relationships: Father of Leonard Kenneth Cookson - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Crossover, Vic, 1912-1913; Bacchus Marsh, 1914-1915); mechanic (Alphington, 1917); engineer (Cooktown, 1919); radio engineer (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1930-1935; Croydon, NSW, 1943-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

* [[/Leonard Kenneth Cookson|Cookson, Leonard Kenneth &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ8-JHV] - 1917(Vic)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - AWA - Relationships: Son of Joseph George Cookson - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Concord, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Croydon, 1943-1954; Glebe, 1958; Blacktown, 1963-1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199009.pdf EA]

===''COOLING''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Cooling|Cooling, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVZL-GSC] - 1885(Qld)-1936(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Toowoomba (1924-1927) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 11, 1924, No. 3 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (Toowoomba, 1924), (Halcyon P. 4) - Comment: A tragic end to a productive life - TroveTag: &quot;4BN - Ernest Richard Cooling&quot; - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (Toowoomba, 1908); telegraphist (Bowen, 1912); postal assistant (Toowoomba, 1913-1930)

===''COOMBE''===

* [[/Geoffrey Saint Coombe|Coombe, Geoffrey Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-TXS] - 1913(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1931-1933); 2ML Broken Hill (1933); 5ML Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1937-1938; Croydon, 1947-1948; Brooklyn Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 756, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 5MR Jack Robert Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, 1941)

* [[/Jack Robert Saint Coombe|Coombe, Jack Robert Saint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPJ-T3C] - 1910(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5MR Adelaide (Stirling West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2923, 1949, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5ML Geoffrey Saint Coombe - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939; Croydon, SA, 1941); electrical mechanic (Mt Lofty, SA, 1943)

===''COOPER''===

* [[/Alfred Edwin Charles Cooper|Cooper, Alfred Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV9-9GK] - 1904(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2AL Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1926); 2UO Sydney (Northbridge, 1947-1950); 2AUO Sydney (Yacht Asgard, 1948-1960); 4AY Surfers Paradise (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 180, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 626, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fruit merchant (Ashfield, 1931); director (Northbridge, 1943-1958); company director (Clareville, 1963-1977)

* [[/Bertram David Cooper|Cooper, Bertram David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-HG1] - 1914(???)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3BC Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939, 1947-1955; Beaumaris, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2119, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: musician (Coburg, Vic, 1942-1949); soldier (Coburg, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, Vic, 1967-1972); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Eric Cooper|Cooper, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1M-WC4] - 1925(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 870, 1960, Tas - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Evandale, 1949); radio technician (Evandale, 1954)

* [[/Ernest Edward Cooper|Cooper, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5F-RLJ] - 1905(Tas)-1951(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Launceston (Youngtown, 1926-1927); 7MC Launceston (City, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 261, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 151, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: may be related to 7ZEC Evandale (1965-1975) Eric Cooper  - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hobart, 1928); radio engineer (Ulverstone, 1936; Launceston East, 1943; Launceston West, 1949) 

* [[/Frank Clarence Cooper|Cooper, Frank Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7Y-NGF] - 1915(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2ADU Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADU Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1946-1947; Potts Point, 1948-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1975); 2ADU Gold Coast (Florida Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1736, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lismore, NSW, 1936-1937; Edgecliffe, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1958-1968; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972; Vaucluse, NSW, 1977); retired (Florida Gardens, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Harold More Cooper|Cooper, Harold More or Harold Moore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ58-SJP] - 1886(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923-1925); 5HG Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 257, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; submarine cable telegraphist; archaeologist; historian - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cooper-harold-more-9821 ADB]

* [[/Harry Frederick Cooper|Cooper, Harry Frederick or Frederic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNKH-CX4] - 1906(Eng)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5PC Port Augusta (1947-1954); 5PC Adelaide (Lockleys, 1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2249, 1939, SA; BOCO 544, 1943; COCP1 781, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ascot Park, SA, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Neve Cooper|Cooper, Herbert Neve]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-Q46] - 1918(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3QZ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1692, 1936, Vic; BOCP 137, 1937; 1COCP 1237, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (St Leonards, Tas, 1949); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1977)

* [[/James Herbert Cooper|Cooper, James Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVTJ-14B] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ZG Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1930-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 701, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1936-1943); broker (Mosman, NSW, 1949); stock and sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1968); sharebroker (Wahroonga, NSW, 1972); broker (St Ives, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ormond Erskine Cooper|Cooper, Ormond Erskine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDM-6JK] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2CP Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1112, 1933, NSW; COCP2 434, 1933; COCP1 337, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1935); radio worker (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Maroubra North, NSW, 1943-1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Raymond Arthur Cooper|Cooper, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDK-8RK] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6AO Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2350, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1936-1937); projectionist (Manning, WA, 1958-1980)

===''CORBIN''===

* [[/James Bentley Corbin|Corbin, James Bentley &quot;Boyce&quot; &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTJ-293] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (McMahons Point, 1932-1939; Eastlakes, 1946-1961); 2AYC Miranda (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 976, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Milsons Point, NSW, 1933-1937; Botany, NSW, 1943-1949; Mascot, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CORDINGLEY''===

* [[/Charles Harold Cordingley|Cordingley, Charles Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJK-SB4] - 1892(Eng)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ararat, 1913); electrical engineer (Flemington, 1915-1919); engineer (Ascot Vale, 1921-1954)

===''CORE''===

* [[/Herbert James Core|Core, Herbert James &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PF-R2Q] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4HC Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2012, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 392, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; formerly Sydney - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Greenslopes, Qld, 1929); assistant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949; Camp Hill, Qld, 1949-1954)

===''CORKILL''===

* [[/Arthur Basil Corkill|Corkill, Arthur Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYW3-57P] - 1898(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJCU Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Elsternwick, Vic, 1928; St Kilda, Vic, 1931; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1949; Kilsyth, Vic, 1954)

===''CORNELIUS''===

* [[/Eric Edward Cornelius|Cornelius, Eric Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7P-2MD] - 1916(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6EC Albany (1936-1939); 6EC Kalgoorlie (1947-1948); 6EC Wagin (1954-1955); 6EC Perth (Inglewood, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1635, 1936, WA; TVOCP 200, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Station 6WA, Wagin, 1949-1954; Inglewood, WA, 1958-1977)

===''CORNEY''===

* [[/Kenneth Cameron Corney|Corney, Kenneth Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-2MB] - 1899(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: V755 Receive Bairnsdale (1922); 3GY Receive Bairnsdale (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gogeldrie, NSW, 1949); grazier (Metung, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CORTHORN''===

* [[/Rex Sidney Oscar Corthorn|Corthorn, Rex Sidney Oscar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G28S-LLQ] - 1914(NSW)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 2VG Sydney (Greenwich, 1932-1939; Bexley, 1946; Northmead,1947-1960); 3VG Melbourne (Bulleen, 1965-2969); 3VG Mallacoota (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 985, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1943; Northmead, NSW, 1949-1958); retired (Mallacoota, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CORTIS-JONES''===

* [[/Beverley Cortis-Jones|Cortis-Jones, Beverley or Beverly &quot;Bev&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-KZ9] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2NN Sydney (Roseville, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1586, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943); retired (Booragoon, WA, 1980)

===''COSH''===

* [[/Rhys Gilmour Cosh|Cosh, Rhys Gilmour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6J-4W8] - 1900(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 697, 1922 (Marconi) - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Croydon, SA, 1939-1943)

===''COSTA''===

* [[/Phillip James Costa|Costa, Phillip James &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGF-S1W] - 1914(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (shortwave) - QSLs: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Geelong, Vic, 1937-1968; Nerang, Qld, 1969; Florida Gardens, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''COSTELLO''===

* [[/Allan Daniel Costello|Costello, Allan Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4S-21X] - 1913(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YT Ballarat (1937-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1912, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mount Pleasant, Vic, 1934-1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1972); accountant (Mt Clear, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''COSTELOW''===

* [[/Robert Costelow|Costelow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: despite the unusual location, individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COTTERILL''===

* [[/Harold Stanley Cotterill|Cotterill, Harold Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5D-84Y] - 1916(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1493, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1943) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, NSW, 1937); depot superintendant (Gunnedah, NSW, 1943)? - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10314147 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624339 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''COTTON''===

* [[/Arthur Alfred Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNH3-P9L] - 1897(SA)-1973(SA) - Licences: XVS Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5HY Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1926-1928; Colonel Light Gardens, 1931; Kilburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 270, 1926, No. ?? in SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA SA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Semaphore, 1939); clerk (Findon, 1943)

* [[/Arthur Tylney Cotton|Cotton, Arthur Tylney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7G8-SGG] - 1884(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: Receive Spring Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Kelvedon, 1914-1963)

* [[/Leith Simpson Cotton|Cotton, Leith Simpson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR2-12K] - 1905(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 5LG Adelaide (Burnside, 1932-1933); 5LG Iron Knob (1937-1939); 5LG Adelaide (Clarence Gardens, 1946-1948; Parkholme, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1023, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Iron Knob, 1939-1941)

===''COTTRELL''===

* [[/Joseph William Morgan Cottrell|Cottrell, Joseph William Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-L1Y] - 1897(NSW)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 2ZF Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1923); 2ZN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1925; Coogee, 1926-1930; Maroubra Junction, 1931; Dundas, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Carlingford, 1948-1950); 2ADX Sydney (Dundas/Portable, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 367, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 1, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coogee, 1930); broadcaster (Dundas, 1933-1934); radio operator (Dundas, 1936-1943); technician (Carlingford, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZF-2ZN-2ADX - Joseph William Morgan Cottrell&quot;

===''COUCH''===

* [[/David Couch|Couch, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8H-BDV] - 1917(Vic)-2009(WA)92yo - Licences: 6WT Watermans Bay (1934, 1947); 6WT Perth (Wembley, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2513, 1934, WA; BOCP 577, 1944; TVOCP 47, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Watermans Bay, WA, 1949); technician (Wembley, WA, 1954-1980)

===''COUCHMAN''===

* [[/Clifford Clyde McGregor Couchman|Couchman, Clifford Clyde McGregor &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQLS-T4D] - 1907(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4KZ Kaimkillenbun (1930-1939); 4KZ Dalby (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 151, 1930; COCP 1st Class Marconi School (Halcyon) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Navy, wireless officer); broadcast technician (PMGD, 4QS); business proprietor (electrical &amp; radio, Dalby) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kaimkillenbun, 1930-1937); engineer (Dalby, 1943-1963); electrical engineer (Dalby, 1968)

===''COUGHLAN''===

* [[/Charles McKenzie Coughlan|Coughlan, Charles McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-9BN] - 1894(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XCO Sydney (Concord, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenters; WW1 (AIF, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''COULTER''===

* [[/Jack Maxwell Coulter|Coulter, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-MXK] - 1912(SA)-1985(???) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1937); 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939); 5JD Adelaide (Ashford, 1947-1948; Ackland Gardens, 1954-1960); 5JK Adelaide (Edwardstown, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1712, 1936, SA; 2COCP 812, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); RAN (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943)

===''COUPER''===

* [[/Andrew Couper|Couper, Andrew &quot;Andy&quot; Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6R8-R1T] - 1893(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: XQM Mareeba (1914); 4BW Mareeba (1923-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 71, 1925, No. 5 in Qld - early wireless experimenter (1914 &amp; likely earlier unlicensed); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: iron moulder (Mareeba, 1913-1932); engineer (Mareeba, 1936-1958)

* [[/William Fraser Couper|Couper, William Fraser &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MP-S1G] - 1919(NZ)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Adelaide (Evandale, 1947; Royston Park, 1948); 5UZ Adelaide (Royston Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2250, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''COURT''===

* [[/Charles Percy Court|Court, Charles Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-Q5T] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4CT Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bayswater, Qld, 1925-1936; Kedron, Qld, 1937-1958)

* [[/Thomas Palmer Court|Court, Thomas Palmer Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNF4-FD4] - 1895(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XNY Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3BO Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3TC Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 211, 1916 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic, secretary, 1919-1920+); employment (radio salesman, 1928; STC, chief design engineer, 1954); IRE Aust (president, 1950-1951) - Comment: Father also named TPC - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1925-1928); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1954; Mosman West, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''COUSENS''===

* [[/Harold Light Reynolds Cousens|Cousens, Harold Light Reynolds]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG9-3SK] - 1888(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N743 Receive Summer Hill (1922); 2HW Receive Summer Hill (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Tamworth, 1930-1963)

===''COUTTS''===

* [[/David Cecil Boyd Coutts|Coutts, David Cecil Boyd &quot;Boyd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKGY-1CL] - 1896(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XJEC Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Camberwell, Vic, 1919-1924); teacher (Malvern East, Vic, 1925-1926; Malvern, Vic, 1928-1937; Mt Dandenong, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/Edwin Stuart Coutts|Coutts, Edwin Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-698] - 1893(Qld)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4BZ Receive Dalby (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Dalby, 1919-1937); garage proprietor (Dalby, 1943)

* [[/Mavis Ellen Coutts|Stafford nee Coutts, Mavis Ellen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSGT-MJH] - 1921(Vic)-2016(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2338, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 3XB Ivor Stafford - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Minyip, Vic, 1942); home duties (Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''COWAN''===

* [[/Christian Nesbit Cowan|Cowan, Christian Nesbit]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-6QW] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2PZ Aberdare (1930-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 613, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 486, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Aberdare, 1930-1963; Cessnock, 1968-1980)

* [[/James George Cowan|Cowan, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-RC3] - 1908(Sct)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2ZC Adamstown (1934-1937); 2ZC Waratah (1938-1939, 1946-1975); 2ZC Merewether (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1294, 1934, NSW; AOLCP 272, 1936; COCP1 838, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waratah, NSW, 1930-1932); mechanic (Adamstown, NSW, 1934-1937); nil (Waratah, NSW, 1943-1968); broadcast technician (Merewether, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''COWELL''===

* [[/George Cowell|Cowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKT-3GM] - 1897(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2SO Merewether (1932-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1057, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''COX''===

* [[/Allan Grafton Cox|Cox, Allan (birth) or Allen (census) Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWX-5XH] - 1892(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 120, 1915; 2COCP 103, 1930; 1COCP 347, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rockhampton, 1914; Pinkenba, 1916-1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1921-1922; South Yarra, 1926-1927); O.I.C. (Cooktown, 1925; Thursday Island, 1930); radio officer (Clayfield, 1934); O.I.C. (Townsville, 1936-1937); engineer (Rockbank, 1942); wireless officer (Kangaroo Point, 1943; Hendra, Qld, 1949-1958); radio officer (Hendra, 1963-1977)

* [[/Erle Harold Cox|Cox, Erle Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8Z-RG2] - 1903(Tas)-1989(ACT) - Licences: 3BD Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922); 3BD Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1927; St Kilda, 1931-1933); 2EP Canberra (Forrest, 1934-1935); 2GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1946-1955); 1GU Canberra (Red Hill, 1956-1965; Mawson, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 245, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist, president Press Gallery, Parliament House 1953 - Awards: O.B.E. for contribution to journalism in Australia 1953 - Relationships: son of Erle Cox, science fiction author [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cox-erle-5799] - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Caulfield, 1931; Gardiner, 1936; Forrest, 1937; Red Hill, 1943-1968; Mawson, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;3BD-2EP-2GU-1GU - Erle Harold Cox&quot;

* [[/Harold Edward Cox|Cox, Harold Edward or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GQ-2RT] - 1892(Eng)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 6HE Geraldton (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 17, 1914; 1COCP 35, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, WA, 1916-1917; Geraldton, WA, 1922-1930); broadcast manager (Townsville, Qld, 1931-1937); manager (4WK, Warwick, Qld, 1943); representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); wireless representative (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1972)

* [[/Phillip Deslandes Cox|Cox, Phillip Deslandes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G388-KRC] - 1909(NSW)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2IE Wallerawang (1935-1939); 2IE Sydney (Concord, 1946); 2IE Bathurst (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1551, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lithgow, NSW, 1933); clerk (Lidsdale, NSW, 1935-1937); fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1968); storekeeper (Nambour, Qld, 1969);  proprietor (Tanawha, Qld, 1972); retired (Caboolture, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''COXON''===

* [[/Robert Wooton Coxon|Coxon, Robert Wooton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-HVL] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6RW Northam (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 30, 1924, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer, NT Gov (Director of Mines, 1947); WW2 - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6AG Wally Coxon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cheltenham, SA, 1943); civil servant (Alice Springs, 1949-1954)

* [[/Walter Ernest Stanley Coxon|Coxon, Walter Ernest Stanley &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCY8-JBS] - 1891(NSW)-1968(WA) - Licences: XYK Perth (Maylands, 1913); 6AG Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1925-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939; Bayswater, 1946-1947; Darlington, 1948-1960; Claremont, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 124, 1925, No. ?? in WA - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (6WF) - Relationships: no apparent relation with 6RW Robert Wooton Coxon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Maylands, 1914); engineer (Maylands, 1925-1937); radio engineer (East Perth, 1943; Darlington, 1949-1958); retired (Claremont, 1963-1968) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199311.pdf EA0] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199404.pdf] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199405.pdf EA2]

===''COZINS''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Cozins|Cozins, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF78-6FW] - 1908(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1931-1933); 6AD Perth (Canning Bridge, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 742, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Corrogin, WA, 1936); marine collector (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); cook (West Perth, WA, 1949); storekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949-1954); clerical assistant (South Perth, WA, 1958); clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Kewdale, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CRAIG''===

* [[/Keith William Craig|Craig, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDNB-7FD] - 1921(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AJV Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939); 2EP Newcastle (New Lambton, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2102, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Stockton, 1943); fitter (Lambton, 1949; New Lambton, 1958-1980)

* [[/Walter Archibald Craig|Craig, Walter Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7X4] - 1907(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2XI Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2XI Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 220, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, 1930-1954)

===''CRAMOND''===

* [[/Warne Hutton Cramond|Cramond, Warne Hutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XQB-N2G] - 1898(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2KJ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 397, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, 1930-1949)

===''CRAN''===

* [[/Morris Rae Cran|Cran, Morris Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-B1J] - 1901(Qld)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 4KX Brisbane (West End, 1930-1939); 2MR Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947; Randwick, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 570, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, 1925-1937); accountant (Bondi, 1943); company secretary (Ranswick, 1954; Coogee, 1958)

===''CRANCH''===

* [[/Layman William Victor Cranch|Cranch, Layman William Victor &quot;Lay&quot;]] - 1910(Qld)-1993(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, radio engineer, journalist (editor, Australian Radio and Electronics, 1951), business (manager, Kingsley)

===''CRAW''===

* [[/Russell Bruce Cameron Craw|Craw, Russell Bruce Cameron &quot;Bruce&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF2Q-54Y] - 1901(Tas)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 7BC Burnie (1930-1933); 3BC Melbourne (1933-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 671, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Burnie, 1922; North Melbourne, 1924; Burnie, 1928); sales (Middle Park, Vic, 1935)

===''CRAWFORD''===

* [[/Cedric Thomas Crawford|Crawford, Cedric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-42L] - 1905(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YC Sydney (Burwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Burwood, 1930-1933); engineer (Captain's Flat, 1937-1943); mechanical engineer (Broken Hill South, 1954-1963); engineer (St Ives, 1968-1972)

* [[/John Murray Crawford|Crawford, John Murray]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - senior federal public servant (chief engineer PMGD, involved establishment of first ABC stations), don't confuse with William Tamillas Stephen Crawford

* [[/William Tamillas Stephen Crawford|Crawford, William Tamillas Stephen &quot;Bill&quot;, &quot;W.T.S.C.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G738-35N] - 1880(Vic)-1962(NSW) - state public servant (P&amp;TD, Tas); senior federal public servant (PMGD, radio inspector); RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917) - Comment: don't confuse with John Murray Crawford - TroveTag: &quot;William Tamillas Stephen Crawford&quot;

===''CREAMER''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Creamer|Creamer, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XK-965] - 1903(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2UR Sydney (Glebe Point, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Orange, 1930-1932); electrical engineer (Brewarrina, 1933; Henty, 1934-1935; Grose Vale, 1937; Richmond, 1943-1968)

===''CREDLIN''===

* [[/Peter John Credlin|Credlin, Peter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-SH8] - 1938(Vic)-1984(NSW) - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, 1954); engineer (Malvern, 1963; Lower Templestowe, 1967-1980)

===''CRERAR''===

* [[/Thomas Alexander Crerar|Crerar, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNXR-QCG] - 1874(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XJDV Hexham (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: agent (Horsham, Vic, 1903-1906); land &amp; finance agent (South Melbourne, Vic, 1906); stock &amp; station agent (Prahran, Vic, 1912-1913; Hexham, Vic, 1914-1922); farmer (Armadale, Vic, 1924; Steel's Creek, Vic, 1925-1931; St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Armadale, Vic, 1963)

===''CRESSWELL''===

* [[/Frank Gillespie Cresswell|Cresswell, Frank Gillespie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR45-Q56] - 1880(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GI Melbourne (East Kew, 1924-1925; Camberwell, 1926-1927); Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - federal public service (PMGD); military (Commonwealth Naval Militia, engineer sublieutenant); RANRS (Radio Commander, terminated Nov 1920) - not to be confused with William Rooke '''Creswell''' - Electoral Rolls: instrument fitter (Camberwell, 1903-1906); Engineer-Lieutenant RAN (Prahran, 1912); naval officer (St Kilda, 1914); lieutenant RAN (Hawthorn, 1915-1919); RAN (Kew, 1922-1924); commandant RAN (Frankston, 1928-1934); naval officer (Olivers Hill, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1943); retired (Somers, 1949; Mt Eliza, 1954; Frankston, 1963)

* [[/Harry Leslie Cresswell|Cresswell, Harry Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9456-49G] - 1917(Qld)-1942(Qld) - Licences: 4DL Brisbane (Coorparoo, Qld, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified, likely RAN - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Petty Officer Telegraphist, KIA, HMAS Yarra) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10293831 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1690529 Roll of Honour]

===''CRESWELL''===

* [[/William Rooke Creswell|Creswell, William Rooke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4L-WRS] - 1852(Gibraltar)-1933(Vic) - early wireless experimenter (Lytton, Moreton Island), military (RAN; Qld Maritime Defence Force, commandant; Commonwealth Naval Forces, commandant) - Generally considered the father of the RAN, not to be confused with Frank Gillespie '''Cresswell''' - Electoral Rolls: naval commandant (South Brisbane, 1903-1905); director (Toorak, 1909-1919) - Links: [[w:William Rooke Creswell|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/creswell-sir-william-rooke-5817 ADB] [https://www.navy.gov.au/biography/vice-admiral-sir-william-rooke-creswell RAN]

===''CRIBB''===

* [[/Dunmore Foote Cribb|Cribb, Dunmore Foote]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCPP-YQH] - 1899(Qld)-1946(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 134, 1925, No. 15 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Indooroopilly, 1921-1943)

===''CRICHTON''===

* [[/Ernest George Crichton|Crichton, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8CP-VCC] - 1887(NSW)-1920(NSW) - Licences: XADY Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley Robert Crichton|Crichton, Stanley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK76-MZH] - 1893(NZ)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KH East Maitland (1929-1935); 9OU Port Moresby (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 542, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 100, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (East Maitland, 1930-1935); wireless operator (Maclean, 1936); Radio 2NR (Lawrence, 1937); wireless operator (Ashfield, 1949); PMG technician (Ashfield, 1954-1963)

===''CRIDGE''===

* Cridge, Wilfred Edgar Launder - See Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge

===''CRISP''===

* [[/Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp|Crisp, Arthur Joseph Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5VW-QKN] - 1906(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2MJ Sydney (Hurstville, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1939; St Peters, 1946; Marrickville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948; Cronulla, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Bankstown East, 1956; Bexley, 1957; Kurnell, 1958; Hurstville South, 1960; Gymea Bay, 1961; Umina, 1965; Tuggerawong, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1290, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2LX Henry Charles Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930); carter (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); labourer (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1943); fitter (Belmore, NSW, 1949; Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Sutherland, NSW, 1954; Bexley, NSW, 1958); retired (Umina, NSW, 1963; Tuggerawong, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Charles Crisp|Crisp, Henry Charles &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XD-5T2] - 1909(NSW)-1996(???) - Licences: 2LX Sydney (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933; Cronulla, 1934-1939, 1946); 2LX Ettalong (1947-1955); 2LX Woy Woy (1956-1961); 2LX Urunga (1965); 2LX Sydney (Cronulla, 1969; Gorokan, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 614, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2MJ Arthur Joseph Thomas Crisp - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Undercliffe, 1930; Hurstville, 1931-1933); radio dealer (Cronulla, 1934-1937); examiner (Bondi, 1943); no occupation (Ettalong, 1949); radio dealer (Ettalong, 1954-1963); motel proprietor (Urunga, 1968); manager (Sans Souci, 1972); retired (Cronulla, 1972; Gorokan, 1977-1980)

===''CROCKER''===

* [[/Claude Edward Crocker|Crocker, Claude Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8R6-RZW] - 1875(USA)-1929(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (West Perth, 1922-1925)

* [[/Edward Baker Crocker|Crocker, Edward Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MYHX-65B] - 1867(Wales)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2BB Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2BB Sydney (Marrickville, 1922-1930) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 95, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (1923) - Electoral Rolls: provision merchant (Marrickville, 1933-1937); retired (Marrickville, 1943-1949); no occupation (Earlwood, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2BB - Edward Baker Crocker&quot;

* [[/Philip Humphreys Crocker|Crocker, Philip Humphreys]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-K4T] - 1918(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2PR Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939, 1946-1975; Kirribilli, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2409, 1939, NSW; COCP3 1208, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''CROKE''===

* [[/Terence Leo Croke|Croke, Terence Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-742] - 1919(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Lithgow (1935-1938); 2TK Bathurst (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1470, 1935, NSW; COCP1 112, 1936; TVOCP 364, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bathurst, NSW, 1949-1963); technical officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1977); retired (Mosman, NSW, 1980)

===''CROMBIE''===

* [[/John Melville Lewes Crombie|Crombie, John Melville Lewes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNX2-PJP] - 1898(NZ)-1935(Vic) - Licences: XOT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); 3EG Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Comment: migrated from NZ 1913?; passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1934)

===''CROME''===

* [[/Harry Keith Crome|Crome, Harry Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZTL-HF9] - 1908(Tas)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (New Town, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Hobart North, 1936-1954); linotype operator Melbourne (Alphington, 1963-1972)

===''CROMIE''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Cromie|Cromie, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z4-73H] - 1883(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager (Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co, 1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 3UZ) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Maffra, 1903; Korumburra, 1905; East Melbourne, 1909; Maffra, 1912); engineer (East Melbourne, 1914); electrical engineer (Malvern, 1915-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, 1919; Caulfield, 1924-1927); electrical engineer (Melbourne East, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); engineer (Caulfield, 1934); director (Armadale, 1936-1949)

===''CROMPTON''===

* [[/Milton James Crompton|Crompton, Milton James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKF8-V2J] - 1919(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3MN Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2360, 1939, Vic; BOCP 682, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949-1954; Brighton East, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''CROOK''===

* [[/Percy Crook|Crook, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SV-2W8] - 1889(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XBD Coffs Harbour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1913); carpenter (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CROOKS''===

* [[/James Alexander Leonard Crooks|Crooks, James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK93-6HV] - 1890(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923-1925); 7BQ Launceston (1925-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 61, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector (PMG) - Relationships: Father of 3AAC John Peter Crooks - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Trevallyn, 1914; Launceston, 1919-1968); no occupation (Low Head, 1972)

* [[/John Peter Crooks|Crooks, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZL-Z2J] - 1921(Tas)-2013(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3AAC Colac (1960); 3AAC Bulleen (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2107, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BQ James Alexander Leonard &quot;Len&quot; Crooks - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, 1949); engineer (East Geelong, 1954; Bulleen, 1963-1977)

===''CROPLEY''===

* [[/Eric William Cropley|Cropley, Eric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-YVK] - 1893(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: N735 Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922); 2HT Receive Sydney (Homebush, 1922)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of Mervyn Eric Cropley - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Homebush, 1930-1933) 

* [[/Mervyn Eric Cropley|Cropley, Mervyn Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLG-MYS] - 1920(NSW)-1951(Aus) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 403, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 2HT Eric William Cropley - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Homebush, 1943); salesman (Blaxland, 1949)

===''CROSS''===

* [[/Francis James Cross|Cross, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVMN-ZWY] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2FX Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1933; CBD, 1933-1934); 2FX Sydney (Rockdale, 1935; Mascot, 1936-1939; Eastlakes, 1946); 2FX Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 914, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 429, 1933; COCP1 500, 1941; TVOCP 30, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); fitter (Hamilton, NSW, 1933); police trainee (Redfern, NSW, 1935); constable (Mascot, NSW, 1936-1943); shopkeeper (Lambton, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''CROUCH''===

* [[/Cecil Stanley Crouch|Crouch, Cecil Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-ZL1] - 1889(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: XCC Sydney (Randwick, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor salesman (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1954); motor trader (North Sydney, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/Ernest Casimir Crouch|Crouch, Ernest Casimir &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG8H-9JQ] - 1908(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2QJ Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1923); 2EC Sydney (Mosman, 1924-1939); 2EC Orange (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 16, 1924, No. 6 in NSW; COCP1 201, 1931; TVOCP 123, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer; Mosman Radio Laboratories 1927 (proprietor?) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Orange, NSW, 1943-1968); TV engineer (Orange, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''CROW''===

* [[/Reginald Keith Crow|Crow, Reginald Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPT-W7V] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3MV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 898, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); inspector (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1937-1942; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949; Carnegie, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''CROWDER''===

* Crowder, Joyce Isabel see Batchler nee Crowder, Joyce Isabel

===''CROWLEY''===

* [[/Cornelius Crowley|Crowley, Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC44-R9T] - 1896(Qld)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Parkes (1934-1936); 2AED Broken Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1300, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930; Narrabri, NSW, 1931-1932); public supply engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1936); town clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''CROWTHER''===

* [[/Clifford Haigh Crowther|Crowther, Clifford Haigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3F-6SQ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJDQ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); pharmacist (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925; Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954); pharmacist (Brighton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Robert Calder Crowther|Crowther, Robert Calder &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M49C-V7C] - 1919(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2130, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Concord West, NSW, 1943); bank officer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); banker (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); grazier (Hoddles Creek, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''CUFFE''===

* [[/Ian Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Ian Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-LXC] - 1913(NZ)-2015(Eng) - Licences: 2XC Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 987, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2AMA-2AM Lionel Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1943);

* [[/Lionel Devereaux Cuffe|Cuffe, Lionel Devereaux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YN-2Z2] - 1910(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2AMA Sydney (Mosman, 1939) 2AM Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1955; St Ives, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2266, 1939, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: brother of 2XC Ian Devereaux Cuffe - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1934-1943); salesman (Tamaterau, NZ, 1972)

===''CULLERTON''===

* [[/Hugh Cullerton|Cullerton, Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKM-RHG] - 1910(Sct)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIY Sydney (Ramsgate, 1937-1938; Sans Souci, 1939); 2ZG Sydney (Sans Souci, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2007, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Carlton, NSW, 1934-1935; Kogarah, NSW, 1936-1937; Sans Souci, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''CULLINAN''===

* [[/Christopher Albert Cullinan|Cullinan, Christopher Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF8-PWL] - 1906(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3XW Receive Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1923); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924); 3DR Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1924-1925); 3XW Melbourne (Diggers Rest, 1927-1931; Brunswick East, 1933); 7XW Launceston (1954-1955); 3AXU Colac (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 821, 1924 (Spark); AOLCP 143, 1934; COCP1 545, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Diggers Rest, Vic, 1928-1931; Mitchell, Vic, 1934); engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1936); journalist (Kew, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Launceston, Tas, 1943-1954; Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Colac, Vic, 1977)

===''CULLIVER''===

* [[/Francis Norman Seth Culliver|Culliver, Francis Norman Seth &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-SWD] - 1891(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3DP Receive Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1922); 3DP Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1923-1925; Hawthorn, 1925-1927); 3UG Melbourne (Rye, 1948-1956); 3UG Queenscliff (1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of Keith Norman Culliver &amp; Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1931-1954)

* [[/Ian Douglas Culliver|Culliver, Ian Douglas &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-WDM] - 1916?(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 655, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Keith Norman Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

* [[/Keith Norman Culliver|Culliver, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82T-753] - 1914(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 656, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 3DP-3UG Francis Norman Seth Culliver; brother of Ian Douglas Culliver - Electoral Rolls: fisherman (Rye, 1942-1977)

===''CUMMING''===

* [[/Maxwell Charles Cumming|Cumming, Maxwell Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-89K] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939; East Malvern, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1913, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963); exporter (Chadstone, Vic, 1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Humberstone Cumming|Cumming, William Humberstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSLF-9FS] - 1903(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3BK Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Notting Hill, 1931); engineer (Cheltenham, 1931); contractor (Malvern, 1936-1949); engineer (Malvern, 1954)

===''CUMMINGS''===

* [[/Bruce Cummings|Cummings, Bruce]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1928, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''CUMMINS''===

* [[/Reginald Vincent Cummins|Cummins, Reginald Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-FLN] - 1911(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4VC Brisbane (Newmarket, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1939, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (East Ipswich, Qld, 1934-1937); public servant (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1954)

===''CUMPSTON''===

* [[/Lennard Wesley Cumpston|Cumpston, Lennard Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVN-RV2] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 2AJZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1938); 3ZE Melbourne (St Kilda, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2028, 1937, NSW; BOCP 71, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); A. R. A. (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); army (Queenscliff, Vic, 1954); A.R.A. (Downer, ACT, 1963-1968); assurance representative (Miami Keys, Qld, 1972; Rio Vista, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''CUNLIFFE''===

* [[/James August Cunliffe|Cunliffe, James August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7KX-DQW] - 1904(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZO Melbourne (Croxton, 1930-1931; Preston, 1933-1939, 1946-1947); 3AZO Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1954; East Preston, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 597, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinet maker (Preston, 1927); electrician (Preston East, 1931-1942); cabinet maker (Preston East, 1949); carpenter (Preston East, 1963-1980)

===''CUNNINGHAM''===

* [[/Alan Francis Cunningham|Cunningham, Alan Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWB-Z74] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Altona, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2429, 1940, Vic; 2COCP 1265, 1953 - amateur operator; WW2; HMAN dockyard; DCA, New Guinea - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newport, Vic, 1934-1942); radio mechanic (Altona, Vic, 1949); PNG, 1950s?; technician (Redcliffe, Qld, 1963); fisherman (Second Beach, Cairns, Qld, 1968); technician (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1972); retired (Mermaid Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.wikitree.com/index.php?title=Cunningham-12254 Wikitree]

* [[/Robert Hugh Cunningham|Cunningham, Robert Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-Z7M] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3ML Melbourne (Malvern, 1928-1937; Hawthorn, 1938-1939; Frankston, 1946-1947; Malvern, 1948-1980+); 3AMM Portable Melbourne (Malvern, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 463, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electronics retailer (R. H. Cunningham) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Malvern, Vic, 1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1936-1937); RAAF (Frankston, Vic, 1949); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1963-1980) - Links: [https://www.afr.com/companies/back-on-a-sound-footing-19890505-kakg2 AFR]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1508824 Bulletin]

===''CUREDALE''===

* [[/Albert John Curedale|Curedale, Albert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ6-S41] - 1914(Aus)-1986(WA) - Licences: 6AE Perth (City, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1385, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: presser (North Perth, WA, 1943-1949; West Perth, WA, 1954; Leederville, WA, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert Gordon Curedale|Curedale, Robert Gordon]] - 1906(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 837, 1924; 2COCP 369, 1931; 1COCP 141, 1937 -  - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1931); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (Croydon, NSW, 1943); farming (Watheroo, WA, 1949); geophysicist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968); retired (North Beach, WA, 1972; Maylands, WA, 1977-1980)

===''CURETON''===

* [[/John Poyner Cureton|Cureton, John Poyner &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L29Y-H1R] - 1905(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2AY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2AY Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1930); 2AU Sydney (Burwood, 1930-1933; Gordon, 1933-1934; Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2AU Little Hartley (1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 168, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2AY callsign withdrawn by PMGD in 1930 and reallocated to new commercial 2AY Albury - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Burwood, 1930; Parkes, 1936); engineer (Burwood, 1943); grazier (Little Hartley, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2AY-2AU - John Poyner Cureton&quot;

===''CURLE''===

* [[/George Clarence Curle|Curle, George Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ25-DZZ] - 1914(NSW)-1941(Egypt) - Licences: 2AJB Sydney (Chullora, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1813, 1937, NSW; BOCP 310, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10305436 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/624976 VWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=65995 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''CURLEWIS''===

* [[/Nigel Unwin Curlewis|Curlewis, Nigel Unwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMW-PM6] - 1912(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2AHC Sydney (Killara, 1937-1939; Newport, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1964, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1935); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1937); company proprietor (Pymble, NSW, 1943); salesman (Narrabeen, NSW, 1949); advertising executive (Mosman, NSW, 1954); advertising director (Lindfield, NSW, 1958); advertising executive (Chatswood, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''CURNOCK''===

* [[/Louis George John Curnock|Curnock, Louis George John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP72-HW8] - 1903(Canada)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Matraville, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 749, 1922 (Marconi); COCP2 84, 1930; COCP1 26, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Long Bay, NSW, 1930; Myilly Point, Darwin, 1934-1937);

===''CURNOW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Ross Curnow|Curnow, Geoffrey Ross &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-2KN] - 1935(???)-2015(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (wireless &amp; broadcasting), &quot;The history of the development of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia to 1942, with especial reference to the Australian Broadcasting Commission : a political and administrative study&quot; - Relationships: Son-in-law of 2ST-2FW - Francis Prosser Woolacott - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Seaforth, NSW, 1963); lecturer (Dural, NSW, 1980)

===''CURRIE''===

* [[/Francis Benjamin John Currie|Currie, Francis Benjamin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8JP] - 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: None yet found - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 395, 1928, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: checker (Albert Park, Vic, 1936); storeman (Semaphore, 1939; Queensbury, 1941)

* [[/James Lawrence Currie|Currie, James Lawrence &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCK-9GW] - 1905(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Bundaberg (1936-1937); 4LC Proserpine (1938-1939); 4LC St George (1946-1956); 4LC Brisbane (Dutton Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1631, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; power station engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, Qld, 1929; Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Blackhall, Qld, 1943; St George, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Caboolture, Qld, 1958)

===''CURTIS''===

* [[/H. Curtis|Curtis, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACZ Sydney (Bondi, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Curtis|Curtis, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AI Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''CUSACK''===

* [[/Leo Chanel Cusack|Cusack, Leo Chanel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YN-49P] - 1897(NSW)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4LC Port Moresby (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 229, 1916; 1COCP 319, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maroubra, 1930); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1931-1936; Maroubra, 1943); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1949); radio operator (Darwin, 1949-1954); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1958-1963); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Sidney Claude Cusack|Cusack, Sidney or Sydney Claude or Claud]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW42-D16] - 1885(Eng)-1973(Canada) - Licences: 5CK Adelaide (Dulwich, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 5, 1914 (No. 5 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system) - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1916)

===''CUSHEN''===

* [[/Arthur Thomas Cushen|Cushen, Arthur Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQL-FP3] - 1920(NZ)-1997(NZ) - prominent MW and SW broadcast listener 1930s to 1990s; DX Clubs (New Zealand DX Radio Association, New Zealand Radio DX League, All-Wave All-World DX Club, DX Australia) - Links: [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen/ Autobiography]; [https://www.radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-a-to-e/arthur-cushen-tributes/ Tributes]

===''CUSICK''===

* [[/John Albert Cusick|Cusick, John Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPF-J23] - 1916(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948; Sunshine, 1954-1955; Heathmont, 1956-1965; Vermont, 1969; Mooroolbark, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2137, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1947; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 
labourer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1937); driver (Richmond, Vic, 1942); mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); soldier (Sunshine, Vic, 1949-1954); examiner (Heathmont, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Mooroolbark, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''CUSITER''===

* [[/Robert William Macgregor Cusiter|Cusiter, Robert William Macgregor &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6H8-73C] - 1908(NSW)-1970(???) - Licences: 2RW Sydney (Lewisham, 1925-1926; Turramurra, 1927-1929; Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1931-1939, 1946-1955; Hornsby, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 203, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Pymble, 1930; Lewisham, 1930-1949; Hornsby, 1958-1968) - Comment: AWA, PMGD, WW2 (worked on defence electronics)

===''CUTHBERT''===

* [[/Henry Cuthbert|Cuthbert, Henry]] - 1829(Irl)-1907(Vic) - Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1877-Jul 1878; Mar 1880-Aug 1880)

===''CUTTS''===

* [[/Gregory Maxwell Cutts|Cutts, Gregory Maxwell &quot;Maxwell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBR-22Q] - 1903(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Croydon, 1923); 2GM Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 17, 1924, No. 7 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor (2ML, Mosman Radio Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, 1930-1937; Abbotsford, 1949); sales manager (North Ryde, 1954-1963); manager (Cheltenham, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2GM - Gregory Maxwell Cutts&quot;

=='''D'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''DAHL''===

* [[/Norman Luja Dahl|Dahl, Norman Luja]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L433-MY6] - 1888(NZ)-1938(Qld) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Wahroonga, 1933-1937); 4ND Ayr (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1079, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 249, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: consulting engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1935); teacher (Wahroonga, NSW, 1937); company director (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Oscar Sydney Dahl|Dahl, Oscar Sydney &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLWV-S5D] - 1904(NZ)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4KA Ayr (1933-1935); 7KA Hobart (1947); 4KA Ayr (1948); 9KA Lae (1969); 4VT Innisfail (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1151, 1933, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; surveyor - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Arapuni, NZ,  1928-1931); tramline engineer (Ayr, Qld, 1931-1936); engineer (Gordonvale, Qld, 1937); civil engineer (Fitzgerald, Tas, 1943; Ayr, Qld, 1949-1958); surveyor (Innisfail, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''DALBY''===

* [[/John Dalby|Dalby, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BI Adelaide (SA School of Mines, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Directories: lecturer (School of Mines, Adelaide, 1922-1934) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DALE''===

* [[/Basil Dale|Dale, Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DR-7J6] - 1915(Vic)-2017(NSW)102yo - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939; Penshurst, 1946-1947); 2AW Sydney (Mangerton, 1969; Vaucluse, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1400, 1934, NSW; COCP1 607, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Kogarah, NSW, 1943); accountant (Wollongong, NSW, 1963-1972); university lecturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Reginald Dale|Dale, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X8-Z22] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2ND Sydney (Haberfield, 1946-1948; Croydon, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 10, 1936; COCP2 93, 1937; TVOCP 370, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Enfield, NSW, 1943); electrical technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1968); electronics (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972-1977); electrician (Panania, NSW, 1980); retired (Forster, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alfred Doubledee Dale|Dale, Thomas Alfred Doubledee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FG-BWL] - 1907(Tas)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3TD Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1931; Cheltenham, 1933); 4TD Rockhampton (1947-1948); 4TD Cooktown (1954-1956); 4TD Brisbane (Eight Mile Plains, 1960); 4TD Cairns (1965); 4TD Charleville, 1969-1975); 4TD Gold Coast (Labrador, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1140, 1929; COCP2 255, 1930; COCP1 293, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937; Sandringham, Vic, 1942); air radio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949); senior communications officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1954); public servant (Annerley, Qld, 1958; Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1963); radio officer (Charleville, Qld, 1968-1972); retired (Jacobs Well, Qld, 1977; Labrador, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Clifford Dale|Dale, Thomas Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-3KS] - 1908(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2QO Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1937; Balmoral, 1938; Kingsford, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1934); operator (Petersham, NSW, 1934-1935); mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Chatswood, NSW, 1954-1963; Millwood, NSW, 1968; Chatswood, NSW, 1972)

===''DALTON''===

* [[/Robert Martin Dalton|Dalton, Robert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-SH3] - 1897(Vic)-1949(Vic) - Licences: XLB Melbourne (Auburn, 1913); 3UI Mildura (1923-1925); 3UI Melbourne (Balaclava, 1925-1926; Caulfield, 1927; Camberwell, 1931-1933); 3UN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 158, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Mildura, 1919-1924); radio engineer (Hawthorn, 1926-1927); clerk (Camberwell, 1928); sales (Camberwell, 1931-1949)

===''DALZIEL''===

* [[/Kenneth Elston Dalziel|Dalziel, Kenneth Elston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQS-WH4] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Sale (1932-1933); 1SK Heard Island (1954); 3AOA Patterson Lakes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 983, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 109, 1933; 1COCP 92, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAAF Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1937); operator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); radio operator (Townsville, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1963); manager (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1977; Patterson Lakes, Vic, 1980)

===''DAN''===

* [[/Alexander Morven Dan|Dan, Alexander Morven]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ6-4SJ] - 1916(NSW)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ABU Sydney (Potts Point, 1936-1938; Point Piper, 1939; Neutral Bay, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1954; Coogee, 1955; Bellevue Hill, 1956-1965; Darling Point, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1605, 1936, NSW; COCP3 4278, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (La Perouse, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1958-1963); doctor (Darling Point, NSW, 1968-1972); medical practitioner (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://www.smh.com.au/national/kokoda-diggers-owed-a-lot-to-the-skill-of-dr-dan-20120816-24b84.html Obit]

===''DANE''===

* [[/John Edward Dane|Dane, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYF7-5RS] - 1868(Eng)-1928(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3JD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Hawthorn, 1908-1909); merchant (Auburn, 1912-1927)

===''DANGERFIELD''===

* [[/Horace Edgar Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Horace Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3H-85N] - 1895(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XMT Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (A.I.F.) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, Vic, 1922); sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1924); warehouseman (Auburn, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1931; Auburn, Vic, 1936-1937); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Box Hill, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Joseph Henry Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Joseph Henry &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-22D] - 1911(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NF Townsville (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1686, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (radio electrical salesman) - Relationships: brother of 4NL Norman Gerard Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1937-1954); mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Airlie Beach, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Gerard Dangerfield|Dangerfield, Norman Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9HR-5FD] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4NL Ayr (1936-1939); 4ND Ayr (1956-1965); 4ND Brisbane (Sherwood, 1969-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1687, 1936, Qld; BOCP 1062, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Elphinstones); broadcast technician (4AY, ABC Townsville); business proprietor (radio) - Halcyon: AOCP at 16yo - Relationships: brother of 4NF Joseph Henry Dangerfield - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Ayr, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Ayr, Qld, 1954; Home Hill, Qld, 1958); clerk (Sherwood, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''DANIEL''===

* [[/Gordon William Henry Daniel|Daniel, Gordon William Henry or post WW2 William Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L43M-K5H] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3NX Warracknabeal (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1919, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1942); mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949-1977)

* [[/Louis Septimus Daniel|Daniel, Louis Septimus]] - 1834(Eng)-1909(Vic) - experimented with etheric force in mid 1870s, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society of Victoria, member), employment (Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs, concluding acting Secretary, 1897), linguist

===''DANKS''===

* [[/Francis Xavier Danks|Danks, Francis or Francis Xavier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCQ-815] - 1899(Sct)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4FD Rockhampton (1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2282, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, turner, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1972)

===''DARCH''===

* [[/Percy William Darch|Darch, Percy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC69-9XY] - 1895(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XADX Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1935); salesman (Penshurst, 1936-1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''D'ARCY''===

* [[/Norman Elsmore D'Arcy|D'Arcy, Norman Elsmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXQ-46F] - 1897(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XAAF Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Five Dock, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1935; Haberfield, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Wembley, WA, 1954; North Steyne, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1958); retired (Eastwood, NSW, 1963; Katoomba, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''DARK''===

* [[/Edward John Dark|Dark, Edward John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-PGR] - 1904(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ADQ Sydney (Lane Cove, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Canley Vale, 1950-1954; Narraweena, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1718, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bus-driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1937); electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; Canley Vale, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Narraweena, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''DARLEY''===

* [[/Ernest John Darley|Darley, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4BX-9ZK] - 1898(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CJ Perth (South Perth, 1923-1930) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 243, 1916; 2COCP 835, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor importer (South Perth, 1925-1936); importer (Rockingham, 1943); technician (South Perth, 1954-1963)

===''DAVENPORT''===

* [[/Waldron Keith Davenport|Davenport, Waldron Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNNF-TQG] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJCN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1919); medical practitioner (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1928; Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Lower Plenty, Vic, 1943-1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''DAVEY''===

* [[/Harold Barrett Davey|Davey, Harold Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYY-FN4] - 1898(Tas)-1948(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Launceston, 1922); electrician (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/John Alfred Davey|Davey, John Alfred &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6X-FSF] - 1913(SA)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 2YE Sydney (Glebe Point, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Homebush, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 19, 1934; 3COCP 1029, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Toxteth, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Anderton Davey|Davey, John Anderton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6F-3ZH] - 1909(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3AD Melbourne (Brighton, 1925-1926; Elsternwick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 66, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); importer (South Yarra, Vic, 1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949); director (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968); manufacturer's agent

* [[/Ralph William Davey|Davey, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGN-W9X] - 1916(SA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 5KD Adelaide (North Croydon, 1935-1939; Mile End, 1947; Blanchetown, 1948); 5DY Portable Adelaide (North Croydon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1481, 1935, SA; 1COCP 515, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Ridleyton North, SA, 1939; Whyalla, SA, 1941-1948); RAAF (Guildford, WA, 1958; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIDSON''===

* [[/E. R. Davidson|Davidson, E. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FP Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Frank James Davidson|Davidson, William Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSMG-5X6] - 1903(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 2FD Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 984, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 316, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1937); officer-in-charge radio station (Charleville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio technician (Charleville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Everton Park, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''DAVIES''===

* [[/Frederick Mostyn Davies|Davies, Frederick Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD1-DM7] - 1919(WA)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6FD Boulder (1939, 1947-1948); 6FD Bunbury (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2376, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); electrical inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1949-1963); inspector (Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gwilym Thomas Davies|Davies, Gwilym Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTKP-QHF] - 1901(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923); 3GD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 634, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 286, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Preston, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/Harold Alexander Davies|Davies, Harold Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52G-9V9] - 1911(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2DB Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1497, 1935, NSW; COCP3 249, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1937); police constable (Randwick North, NSW, 1943); manager (Hurstville, NSW, 1949); telephone technician (Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1958); technical instructor (Middle Cove, NSW, 1963; Roseville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Harold Elvin Davies|Davies, Harold Elvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-B9B] - 1912(NSW)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 2BZ Newcastle (Tighe's Hill, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Lambton, 1954-1961; Charlestown, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1653, 1936, NSW; BOCP 179, 1938; COCP1 823, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Waratah, NSW, 1933-1934); radio mechanic (Tighes Hill, NSW, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Lambton, 1954-1963); teacher (Charlestown, NSW, 1968); Landlord (Palm Beach, Qld, 1969); teacher (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Henry Tempest Davies|Davies, Henry Tempest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G889-FX9] - 1900(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6HD Perth (Highgate Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 563, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Balkatta, 1921); police officer (Mundijong, 1943); sergeant (Victoria Park, 1949-1958; Lathlain Park, 1963-1977; Victoria Park, 1980)

* [[/Ivor James Davies|Davies, Ivor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYLN-8PS] - 1912(Wales)-2005(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ID Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1623, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1954); radio technician (Mentone, Vic, 1967-1968); technician (Ashwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/James Braid Davies|Davies, James Braid &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQVD-BTH] - 1906(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2JD Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1930; Croydon, 1931); 2JD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933); 2JD Quirindi (1934-1936); 2JD Cabarita (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 328, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1930; Croydon, NSW, 1933-1934); draftsman (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954); engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1958); mechanical engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Cuthbert Davies|Davies, John Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-VJ7] - 1911(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (Middle Park, 1936-1937; Brighton, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1803, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Malvern East, Vic, 1936); radio serviceman (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942); inspector (Albert Park, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Lloyd Evan Davies|Davies, Lloyd Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHS-PRH] - 1909(NSW)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2QI Sydney (Vaucluse, 1936-1938); 2QI Wentworth Falls (1939); 5QI Adelaide (Brighton, 1947; Ashford, 1948; Brighton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1761, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (1971); DSCM - Electoral Rolls: professor of music (Vaucluse, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110446544 OBE]

* [[/Reginald Raymond Clifford Davies|Davies, Reginald Raymond Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGM-73Y] - 1915(SA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 5LJ Adelaide (Goodwood Park, 1933-1939; Plympton, 1947-1948); 3AY Melbourne (Prahran, 1954-1960; Heathmont, 1965-1969); 6BQ Perth (Bickley, 1975); 6BQ Denmark (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1138, 1933, SA; BOCP 121, 1937; 1COCP 534, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939); radio engineer (5RM Berri, SA, 1941); mechanic (Plympton, SA, 1941-1943); public servant (Prahran, Vic, 1954); retired (Bickley, WA, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas John Davies|Davies, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW36-KPN] - 1901(Wales)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ADS Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939); 2ADA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1947-1950; Fairfield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1747, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miller (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1943); factory manager (Toxteth, NSW, 1949)

===''DAVIS''===

* [[/C. E. Davis|Davis, C. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9DK Kavieng (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clive Eric Davis|Davis, Clive Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNX4-W2M] - 1931(Qld)-2023(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1326, 1953; TVOCP 1362, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast control operator (Manly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Gordon Samuel Davis|Davis, Gordon Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQJ-CX3] - 1909(NSW)-1989(Eng) - Licences: 2ACC Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (HMAS Albatross, East Sydney, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical mechanic (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Henry Hargan Davis|Davis, Henry Hargan or Hargon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT6C-6MB] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Strathfield, 1923-1924); 2HH Sydney (Strathfield, 1926-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 289, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Strathfield, 1930-1936); engineer (Strathfield, 1943) - Professor Henry Hargan Davis, BSc, BE (Syd), PhD (Camb), 1946-1973 (Emeritus Professor 1974) [https://docplayer.net/82920769-Engineering-education-the-university-of-adelaide.html]

* [[/James Davis|Davis, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2H-CG3] - 1916(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AFY Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Rose Bay, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1599, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Ross Raleigh Davis|Davis, Ross Raleigh &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ54-9Q4] - 1907(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2DS Receive Sydney (Vaucluse, 1920-1922); 2DS Sydney (Vaucluse, 1923-1929; Double Bay, 1930-1933; Rose Bay, 1933-1938; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 249, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 934, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: accompanied 2CM on the SS Tahiti; education (Sydney Technical College, Electrical Engineering Degree); employment (AWA, engineer, 1925-1973) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Double Bay, 1930; Rose Bay, 1933-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1958; Rose Bay, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2DS - Ross Raleigh Davis&quot;

===''DAVOREN''===

* [[/Patrick Joseph Davoren|Davoren, Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9V8-193] - 1917(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5KM Victor Harbour (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2231, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943)

===''DAWSON''===

* [[/Alfred Dawson|Dawson, Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 559, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: stovemaker (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1930); storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1933) 

* [[/Donald Dawson|Dawson, Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-KM5] - 1913(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2DD Tamworth (1935-1939); 2YU Tamworth (1948-1955); 4YU Mackay (1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1411, 1935, NSW; BOCP 169, 1938; COCP3 3209, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car trimmer (Tamworth, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (2TM Station, Duri, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (Mt Bassett, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Richard Stanley Dawson|Dawson, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2NQ] - 1897(Vic)-1983(NSW) - Licences: XZP Hobart (1913-1914); 3DA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 282, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1919); electrical engineer (Melbourne, 1921-1924; Toorak, 1925-1926; South Yarra, 1927-1928); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1930; Mosman, 1931-1972; Roseville, NSW, 1977)

===''DAY''===

* [[/Clement Jackson Day|Day, Clement Jackson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTXK-KXH] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GY Camperdown (1931-1933); 3GY Yarraville (1937-1939); 3GY Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1969); 3GY Geelong (Wallington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 748, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarraville, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Burwood, Vic, 1972); retired (Wallington, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Day|Day, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56C-5NB] - 1900(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2AZ Sydney (Kogarah, 1934-1939, 1946-1947; Drummoyne, 1948; Liverpool, 1954-1957; Yagoona, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1394, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Cabramatta, NSW, 1930; Kogarah, NSW, 1932-1936); technician (Liverpool, NSW, 1954); radio mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1968); mechanic (Yagoona, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Percival Edwin Day|Day, Percival Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS27-MCP] - 1913(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3PP Fiskville (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1119, 1933, Vic; COCP1 336, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cadet technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1936-1949); radio technician (Jannali, NSW, 1958-1968; Como, NSW, 1972; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ralph Framingham Day|Day, Ralph Framingham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-YYT] - 1917(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3RD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1652, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/William Day|Day, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5V-BFB] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AKV Sydney (Normanhurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 164, 1938; COCP1 273, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Cammaray, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Kingsford, NSW, 1954; OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DEAMAN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Deaman|Deaman, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCQ-JYM] - 1913(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2ADH Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Guildford, 1946-1950); 2ADH Old Bar (1954); 2ADH Sydney (Liverpool, 1955-1957; Dundas, 1958-1969); 2ADH Callala Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1720, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: half tone etcher (Haberfield, NSW, 1934-1937); process engraver (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949); carpenter (Old Bar, NSW, 1954); half-tone etcher (Dundas, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Callala Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''DEANE''===

* [[/Launston Alexander Deane|Deane, Launston Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-182] - 1909(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5LD Adelaide (Tusmore, 1933; Hazelwood Park, 1937-1939; Royston Park, 1947-1955; Hazelwood Park, 1956-1965; St Georges, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1090, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Philip Morris Deane|Deane, Philip Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4L7-PFP] - 1901(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2ZM Sydney (Burwood, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Croydon, NSW, 1930-1954; Cheltenham, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Dural, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Raymond Kyrle Deane|Deane, Raymond Kyrle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-HB1] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)93yo - Licences: 5RK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1728, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Fullarton, SA, 1939-1941); clerk (Fullarton, SA, 1943)

===''DEARNESS''===

* [[/Harry Sinclair Dearness|Dearness, Harry Sinclair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCW-RRF] - 1921(Sct)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4KW Mackay (1939, 1947-1975); 4KW Brisbane (Strathpine, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2328, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (radio &amp; TV mechanic) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1949-1972; Strathpine, Qld, 1980)

===''DE BAVAY''===

* [[/Francis Jean Xavier de Bavay|de Bavay, Francis Jean or John Xavier ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFJ-D1R] - 1887(Vic)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 4FO Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Kew, Vic, 1909); brewer (West Perth, WA, 1916); chemist (Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1921); manager (New Farm, Qld, 1925); master brewer (Cascades, Tas, 1928-1936); manager (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''DE CRESPIGNY''===

* [[/Philip Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Philip Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJG-QN9] - 1879(Vic)-1918(Palestine) - Licences: XPU Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: half brother of 3FM Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/370943 VWMA]; [https://anneyoungau.wordpress.com/2013/04/24/philip-champion-de-crespigny-1879-1918/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Royalieu Dana Champion de Crespigny|de Crespigny, Royalieu Dana Champion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH7P-7SD] - 1905(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Brighton, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Elmhurst, 1936-1949); farmer (Cobden, 1954; South Ecklin, 1963-1980) - Relationships: half brother of XPU Philip Champion de Crespigny

===''DE CURE''===

* [[/John Edward Gerard de Cure|de Cure, John Edward Gerard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVD6-DWD] - 1899(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1929-1933); 5KO Adelaide (Glenelg, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 2KO Sydney (Artarmon, 1957-1958); 5KO Adelaide (Fulham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 535, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 22, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, 1954); public servant (North Carlton, 1921-1924; Coburg, 1927-1934; Artarmon, NSW, 1958)

===''DEEGAN''===

* [[/Stanley Edward Deegan|Deegan, Stanley Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYK3-2V3] - 1893(Tas)-1944(Tas) - Licences: 7AK Hobart (St Virgil's College, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; public servant (State &amp; Federal, PMGD); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922); civil servant (Hobart, 1928-1936); postal official (Hobart, 1943)

===''DEER''===

* [[/Percival William Deer|Deer, Percival William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DJ-9ZF] - 1901(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5DR Adelaide (Seacliff, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 451, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brighton, 1939-1943)

===''DELBRIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Joseph Robert Delbridge|Delbridge, Reginald Joseph Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L439-HNM] - 1888(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4RJ Childers (1927); 4RJ Brisbane (Paddington, 1931-1933; Booval, 1937-1939); 4RJ Stanthorpe (1946-1948); 4RJ Brisbane (Northgate, 1954-1955; Toowong, 1956); 4RJ Burleigh Heads (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 383, 1927, No. 42 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), minister of religion - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Ingham, 1917-1919); minister (Kingaroy, 1925); clergyman (Ashgrove, 1943); minister (Stanthorpe, 1949); minister of religion (New Farm, 1954); Methodist Minister (Toowong, 1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963)

===''DELLIT''===

* [[/Samuel Stephen Dellit|Dellit, Samuel Stephen]] - Licences: VK4ZSS Brisbane, VK3 Melbourne, VK1DXA Canberra - Qualifications: AOLCP Q0078, 1971 - amateur operator, broadcast DXer, broadcast planning engineer, federal public servant, radio historian (aeradio, amateur, broadcast, coastal)

===''DELMAR''===

* [[/Edwin Chisholm Delmar|Delmar, Edwin Chisholm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KG-D8C] - 1906(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2XZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1934-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1252, 1934, NSW; COCP2 42, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless officer (New Farm, Qld, 1941-1943); radio officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''DEMPSEY''===

* [[/Walter McInnes Dempsey|Dempsey, Walter McInnes &quot;Wally&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQN-B69] - 1910(Vic)-2010(Vic)100yo - Licences: 3WD Melbourne (Cheltenham, 1929-1931); 7WD Cambridge (1948); 3AZD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1954); 3WD Melbourne (Pascoe Vale, 1955-1969; Oak Park, 1975); 3WD Marong (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 515, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 41, 1931; 1COCP 217, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1931; Mordialloc, Vic, 1936-1937); radio operator (Mentone, Vic, 1942); aeradio operator (Cambridge, Tas, 1949); public servant (Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1954-1968; Oak Park, Vic, 1972); retired (Marong, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DENBY''===

* [[/Harry Roy Denby|Denby, Harry Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJTS-LLS] - 1906(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4FR Receive Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923); 4AX Brisbane (Kedron, 1936-1939); 4AX Cairns (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1800, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Kedron, Qld, 1936-1937; Cairns, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''DENHOLM''===

* [[/Ivo Hart Denholm|Denholm or Denham, Ivo Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRT8-DHN] - 1909(Tas)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3UD Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1956; East Brighton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1657, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1931); clerk (Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1937; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1949; Coburg West, Vic, 1954); company director (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1968; Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''DENISON''===

* [[/Hugh Robert Denison|Denison or Dixson, Hugh Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q5-WTC] - 1865(NSW)-1940(Vic) - born Hugh Robert Dixson; businessman, parliamentarian, philanthropist; director of Australasian Wireless Co. then Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) - Links: [[w:Hugh Denison|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/denison-sir-hugh-robert-5955 ADB]

===''DENNEEN''===

* [[/Harold Roy Denneen|Denneen, Harold Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-6YG] - 1894(NSW)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (A/g Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928-1937)

===''DENNETT''===

* [[/Phillip Roy Dennett|Dennett, Phillip or Philip Roy or Ray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNX4-D9K] - 1897(SA)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 5IV Berri (1931-1938); 4IV Camooweal (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 799, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Morningside, Qld, 1943; West End, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Morningside, Qld, 1963-1977)

===''DENNIS''===

* [[/Gordon Walker Dennis|Dennis, Gordon Walker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G988-L7W] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3TF Melbourne (Footscray, 1937-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1948; Footscray, 1954-1956; West Yarraville, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2030, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Footscray North, 1931-1942); manager (Yarraville, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''DENT''===

* [[/Harold Fredrick Dent|Dent, Harold Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-6JN] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AHU Sydney (Rhodes, 1937-1938; Strathfield, 1939; Concord, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1975, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1936; Rhodes, NSW, 1937); electrician (Concord, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical engineer (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1963)

===''DERHAM''===

* [[/Frederick John Walcott Derham|Derham, Frederick John Walcott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-H9J] - 1900(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJR Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Werribee, Vic, 1937); manager (Malvern, Vic, 1943); director (Malvern, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Frederick Thomas Derham|Derham, Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6G1-7H6] - 1844(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victorian Postmaster-General (1886-1890) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/derham-frederick-thomas-3398 ADB]

===''DERRICK''===

* [[/V. M. Derrick|Derrick, V. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2VM Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DERRY''===

* [[/John Frederick Derry|Derry, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KQ-MNQ] - 1909(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Sydney (Harbord, 1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1259, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Manly, NSW, 1930); carpenter (Manly, NSW, 1931-1933); radio mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1935-1937; Chatswood, NSW, 1943); pastry cook (St Leonards, NSW, 1949); proprietor (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, NSW, 1958; North Sydney, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DEUTGEN''===

* [[/Carl Friedrich Alfons Deutgen|Deutgen, Carl Friedrich Alfons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWH-JC5] - 1897(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: XJA Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925); traveller (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); merchant (Glenferrie, Vic, 1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937-1949); agent (Melbourne, Vic, 1954)

===''D'EVELYNES''===

* [[/Claude D'Evelynes|D'Evelynes, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF39-3D8] - 1916(WA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 6DC Harvey (1935-1939); 2TZ Sydney (Mona Vale, 1948; Clifton Gardens, 1954-1955); 9TZ Rugli via Lae (1956); 2TZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1488, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Harvey, WA, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Mona Vale, NSW, 1949; Mosman, NSW, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DEVITT''===

* [[/Raymond Lane Devitt|Devitt, Raymond Lane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB11-PTK] - 1905(Tas)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6DR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 990, 1928; 2COCP 287, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: service engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); manager (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEVLIN''===

* [[/Henry William Devlin|Devlin, Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X1T-L2C] - 1896(NSW)-1981(Vic) - Licences: XHD Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 360, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Applied AIF 1918, Unfit due eyesight); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1980) - Comment: Father also named Henry William Devlin (physician, Manly, NSW, 1913)

===''DEWAN''===

* [[/John Owen Dewan|Dewan, John Owen (Electoral Rolls) or Owen John (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-2D4] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6JK Perth (Maylands, 1930-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933; City, 1937; North Perth, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 715, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 3COCP 188, 1936; 2COCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Maylands, WA, 1931; North Perth, 1934-1937); teacher (East Perth, WA, 1943); trade instructor (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1980)

===''DEWAR''===

* [[/Arthur Edward Dewar|Dewar, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-CSX] - 1888(Vic)-1974(WA) - Licences: XYE Kalgoorlie (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Perth, WA, 1910; Perth, WA, 1915); engine fitter (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916-1917); fitter &amp; turner (Bunbury, WA, 1925); fitter (West Australian Gov Railways, Collie, WA, 1931; Maylands, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943-1949; Maylands, WA, 1954-1968); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1972)

* [[/R. A. Dewar|Dewar, R. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CN Receive Perth (Bassenden, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DEXTER''===

* [[/John Henry Dexter|Dexter, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G428-3PS] - 1906(Eng)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DR Melbourne (Northcote, 1926-1927); 3VR Melbourne (Sandringham, 1938-1939; Black Rock, 1946-1956; Parkdale, 1960-1965; Mt Eliza, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 241, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1927); engineer (Preston, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1954); radio mechanic (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''DICK''===

* [[/F. Dick|Dick, F.]] - abt 1883(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPO, 1917) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Ian Robert Sherriff Dick|Dick, Ian Robert Sherriff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZX-YBG] - 1908(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1419, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Daglish, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1954); orderly (Wembley, WA, 1958-1972)

===''DICKSON''===

* [[/Eric John Dickson|Dickson, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFP-V91] - 1906(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AFM Sydney (Guildford, 1937-1939; Harris Park, 1946-1961; Fairlight, 1965; Guildford, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1850, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Guildford, NSW, 1930-1937); repair assessor (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); buyer (Guildford, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Francis Percy Dickson|Dickson, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWK-1X2] - 1912(Canada)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AFB Sydney (Acton, 1936-1937); 2AFB Bega (1938); 2AFB Sydney (Cheltenham, 1939); 2FB Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1948; Cronulla, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1824, 1936, NSW; BOCP 124, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949; Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DIDDAMS''===

* [[/Robert Harlin Flower Diddams|Diddams, Robert Harlin or Harland Flower]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZN-YJP] - 1899(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Toowong, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925); printer (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); retired (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1968)

===''DILLON''===

* [[/Arthur Ernest Dillon|Dillon, Arthur Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot; &quot;Ern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85L-HH7] - 1902(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1922); 4CH Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (New Farm, 1925); engineer (New Farm, 1929); electrical engineer (Atherton, 1931-1932); electrician (Greenslopes, 1943-1954; Mt Gravatt, 1958)

===''DIMMOCK''===

* [[/Berton Lawrence Dimmock|Dimmock, Berton Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55T-FDB] - 1915(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1473, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: valve maker (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); foreman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''DINEEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey John Dineen|Dineen, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8L-9R6] - 1919(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7GD Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1588, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 6330, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Launceston, 1949-1968)

===''DIRCKS''===

* [[/Alexander Alfred Dircks|Dircks, Alexander Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-6GN] - 1858(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - senior federal public servant (PMGD, Electrical Engineer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DITTON''===

* [[/Edward William Arthur Ditton|Ditton, Edward William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-383] - 1912(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Annandale, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 228, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kentville, NSW, 1934-1935); aviator (New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937); pilot (South Brisbane, Qld, 1941); airline pilot (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1968); pilot (Hackett, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''DIXON''===

* [[/Arthur Gurnhill Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Gurnhill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G826-18S] - 1896(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XZA Wynyard (1913-1914); 3JG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3AD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AVE Melbourne (Nunawading, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 462, 1919; 2COCP 160, 1930; 1COCP 271, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Wynyard, 1919); wireless mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); technician (Auburn, 1936-1937); inspector (Surrey Hills, 1943-1963) - Probate: retired marine inspector (Melbourne, 1966)

* [[/Arthur Lionel Dixon|Dixon, Arthur Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82F-YX7] - 1897(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 236 Sydney (Burwood, 1920); 2BS Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2AD Sydney (Canterbury, 1929; Strathfield, 1930); 4AD Brisbane (Norman Park, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 202, 1916; 2COCP 288, 1930; 1COCP 170, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Concord, NSW, 1930; Norman Park, Qld, 1931-1943); RANVR (Kyeemagh, 1943); engineer (Waverton, 1949; Eastwood, 1954; Lidcombe North, 1958); managing director (Blakehurst, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Frederick Musgrave Dixon|Dixon, Charles Frederick Musgrave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L27B-XXY] - 1894(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2II Receive Cootamundra (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cootamundra, 1930-1937); telegraphist (Goulburn, 1943; Annandale, 1949-1954; Camperdown, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Malcolm Dixon|Dixon, John Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWD1-HXH] - 1922(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD); education (Scots College, 1935-1939); military (WW2, AIF, 1942-1945) - Links: [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2008decGS/74.htm Obit]

* [[/Lionel Stanley Dixon|Dixon, Lionel Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PR-QD2] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 3TE Melbourne (Croydon, 1947-1948; Elwood, 1954-1980); 4LF Brisbane (Redcliffe, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2177, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Glenferrie, Vic, 1934-1937); builder (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954-1967; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZI Condong (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. H. Dixon|Dixon, R. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4GF Victoria Hills, Herbert River (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Hilton Dixon|Dixon, Reginald Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82N-FQV] - 1915(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2QD Albury (1933-1937); 2QD Armidale (1938-1939); 2QD Albury (1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1216, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (Albury, 1972-1977)

===''DOBBYN''===

* [[/Joseph McMullen Dobbyn|Dobbyn, Joseph McMullen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY39-PBK] - 1892(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3DO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 214, 1916 (Marconi); CPRT 266, 1916 (Telefunken); COCP1 45, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1914-1919); mechanic (Alphington, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1943); public servant (Darling, Vic, 1954-1967)

===''DOBLE''===

* [[/Allan Mackenzie Doble|Doble, Allan Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9MW-KGZ] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3ZM Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1931-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Hughesdale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 807, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); traveller (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1968); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''DODDS''===

* [[/John Stokell Dodds|Dodds, Sir John Stokell Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYR-2KQ] - 1906(Tas)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 7DJ Hobart (City, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 208, 1935; AOCP 1851, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Town, 1936-1949); manager (Wahroonga, 1954); electrical engineer (Wahroonga, 1958-1968); manager (St Ives, 1972)

* [[/John William Matthew Dodds|Dodds, John William Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NX-3CT] - 19??(???)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KK Kurri Kurri (1930-1939); 2AZD Newcastle (New Lambton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 644, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: miner (Kuri Kurri, 1930-1949; New Lambton, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leonard Henry Dodds|Dodds, Leonard Henry &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLVS-Z6R] - 1908(NSW)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 2LD Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1931; Gordon, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, 1935-1936; Chatswood, 1937-1939); 4GD Townsville (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, RAAF); radio clubs (Townsville ARC, life member); employment (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator RAN (Chatswood, NSW, 1937); wireless operator RAAF (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949); radio mechanic (Cape Pallarenda, Qld, 1954-1958); PMG technician (Townsville, Qld, 1959-1963); technician (Gulliver, Qld, 1968-1969; Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977; Yabul, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald George Dodds|Dodds, Ronald George]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''DODDY''===

* [[/Edward Arthur Doddy|Doddy, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-HWS] - 1899(Tas)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WH Perth (Claremont, 1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1817, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1958)

===''DODSON''===

* [[/Charles Ralph Dodson|Dodson, Charles Ralph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNVP-5DQ] - 1891(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: XJCO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Fairfield, Vic, 1914); shop assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1915); chemist's assistant (Northcote, Vic, 1916-1924); chemist (Preston, Vic, 1925-1954)

===''DOHERTY''===

* [[/Francis Hugh Doherty|Doherty, Francis Hugh &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHVX-8NH] - 1918(Vic)-2008(ACT) - Licences: 3XE Melbourne (Mentone, 1937-1939; Balwyn, 1947); 4XE Townsville (Hyde Park, 1948); 6XE Perth (Pearce, 1954-1955); 1XE Canberra (Narrabundah, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1936, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (West Perth, WA, 1943; St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); RAAF Officer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Pearce, WA, 1954); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1958; Syndal, Vic, 1967; Narrabundah, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrabundah, ACT, 1980)

===''DOHRMANN''===

* [[/George Stanley Glenville Dohrmann|Dohrmann, George Stanley Glenville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82G-TB8] - 1902(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922); 3AM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1926); warehouseman (Burwood, Vic, 1931; Canterbury, 1937-1943); agriculturalist (Mt Dandenong, 1949-1954; Mooroolbark, 1968-1980)

===''DOIG''===

* [[/Norman Louis Doig|Doig, Norman Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSD-M17] - 1912(WA)-2014(WA)101yo - Licences: 6ND Carnamah (1937-1939); 6CB Perth (Floreat Park, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2061, 1937, WA; 3COCP 1505, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carnamah, WA, 1936-1937; Floreat Park, WA, 1943); telegraphist (City Beach, WA, 1949; Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley, WA, 1968-1972); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1977-1980)

===''DONNE''===

* [[/Charles Walter Donne|Donne, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2T-FC7] - 1897(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: XLO Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 2YD Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925); 3YD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 271, 1916; 2COCP 87, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (St Kilda, 1919-1924); technician (St Kilda, 1925-1931); dealer (Armadale, 1934-1937); investor (Mornington, 1943); grazier (Dromana, 1949-1954); nil (Mornington, 1963-1972) - Migration: South Africa (1955-1962)

===''DOOK''===

* [[/Valentine Lawson Dook|Dook, Valentine Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7X1-NJH] - 1903(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KB Perth (Maylands, 1931-1933; Mt Hawthorn, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 754, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter's assistant (East Perth, WA, 1931); oil plant attendant (Leederville, WA, 1936-1937); control room operator (Leederville, WA, 1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); electrical foreman (Wembley, WA, 1958-1977)

===''DOOLAN''===

* [[/Martin Joseph Doolan|Doolan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9XM-JDB] - 1913(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3AKO Melbourne (Balcombe, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3AKU Colac (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1869, 1937, Vic; BOCP 198, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Wangaratta, Vic, 1934); permanent soldier (Military Camp, Balcombe, Vic, 1949); technician (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1963; St Kilda, Vic, 1968)

===''DORWARD''===

* [[/William Haxton Dorward|Dorward, William Haxton, Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD77-X62] - 1901(Vic)-1937(NSW) - Licences: 3CA Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922-1923); 3CA Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Sandringham, 1924-1926); grazier (Moama, 1930; Fort Station, Barnes, 1935-1937)

===''DOUBIKIN''===

* [[/William Thomas Henry Doubikin|Doubikin, William Thomas Henry]] - 1890(Vic)-1927(Tas) - Licences: Hobart Receive 1920s, early wireless experimenter (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, Councillor, 1924), passed too soon
===''DOUDNEY''===

* [[/Herbert William Doudney|Doudney, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MQDH-R32] - 1873(Eng)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Receive Melbourne (Balaclava, 1922); 3EM Melbourne (Balaclava, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 63, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion (Holy Trinity Church) - Electoral Rolls: vicar (St Kilda, 1924-1942); nil (Caulfield, 1949-1954; Elsternwick, 1963)

===''DOUGAN''===

* [[/Donald Hunter Dougan|Dougan, Donald Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQ5-MR5] - 1902(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AMF Gulgong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 948, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gulgong, NSW, 1930-1980)

===''DOUGLAS''===

* [[/Gavin Cunningham Douglas|Douglas, Gavin Cunningham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99J-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3YK Melbourne (Bayswater, 1931-1939, 1947-1950+; Blackburn, 1954; Canterbury, 1955-1960+; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 743, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bayswater, 1935-1949); sales representative (Canterbury, 1963; Surrey Hills, 1968-1980)

* [[/Gordon Adye Douglas|Douglas, Gordon Adye]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVY-WLJ] - 1878(Tas)-1957(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Receive Gormanston (1923); Receive Gormanston (1923); 7GD Gormanston (1924-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 34, 1924, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; mining engineer - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Gormanston, 1914-1928); draughtsman (Queenstown, 1936); geological surveyor (Queenstown, 1937-1943); no occupation (Hobart South, 1949; Blackman's Bay, 1954)

* [[/Hugh Alexander McKay Douglas|Douglas, Hugh Alexander McKay &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV3Y-3W4] - 1889(Eng)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2HD (Class B) Newcastle (1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Class B broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as a Listener) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Newcastle, 1913); vulcaniser (Hamilton, 1930-1935); manager (Newcastle, 1936-1937); engineer (Mayfield, 1943; Hamilton, 1949)

* [[/Raymond Lindsay Douglas|Douglas, Raymond Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G719-RQD] - 1918(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2ON Tamworth (1935-1939); 2ON Kempsey (1946-1947); 2ON Dapto (1948); 2ON Dubbo (1950); 2ON Sydney (Epping, 1955); 2ON Gosford (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1506, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Dapto, NSW, 1949; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/William Gordon Douglas|Douglas, William Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-ST4] - 1900(WA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GA Lavers Hill (1931-1933); 3GA Curdie Vale (1937-1939); 3GA Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 828, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1914-1948) - Electoral Rolls: schoolmaster (Rochester, Vic, 1921); student (Parkville, Vic, 1924; Caulfield, Vic, 1925); school teacher (Mepunga East, Vic, 1927; Lavers Hill, Vic, 1928-1934; Mernda, Vic, 1936; Curdie Vale, Vic, 1937); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''DOVEY''===

* [[/R. L. Dovey|Dovey, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified, possibly typo in initials - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''DOWDING''===

* [[/Philip Lorens Thomas Dowding|Dowding, Philip Lorena or Loreno or Lorens Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH8-Z6D] - 1901(Tas)-19??(Vic) - Licences: 7AC Receive Hobart (Moonah, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Moonah, 1922); electrician (St Kilda, 1926-1931; Prahran, 1934; Melbourne, 1937; St Kilda, 1943-1949); electrical foreman (Eildon, 1954)

===''DOWE''===

* [[/Richard Cory Dowe|Dowe, Richard Cory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-V1S] - 1916(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Lindfield, 1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2403, 1939, NSW; BOCP 495, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Lindfield, NSW, 1943); clerk (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); bank officer (Gladesville, NSW, 1954-1968; North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DOWLING''===

* [[/Richard Patrick Dowling|Dowling, Richard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9SMP-52S] - 1903(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3XD Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1934-1939, 1947-1960; Montmorency, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1359, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Fitzroy, Vic, 1925-1927); constable (Fitzroy South, Vic, 1931-1954); process worker (Montmorency, Vic, 1963)

===''DOWNIE''===

* [[/Frederick William Downie|Downie, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8Y2-LQ8] - 1879(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Victoria Police (wireless department, senior constable); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo VPF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broadford, 1903); constable (North Carlton, 1909-1924); senior constable (Preston, 1927-1936)

===''DOWNING''===

* [[/Edward Frank Downing|Downing, Edward Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-KTX] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CL Receive Perth (South Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: law student (South Perth, WA, 1931-1934); solicitor (South Perth, WA, 1936-1980)

* [[/William Evan Downing|Downing, William Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHV4-K46] - 1874(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3LQ Warrnambool (1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: brassfounder (Warrnambool, 1912-1937)

* [[/William George Downing|Downing, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2WQ-56L] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3GD Stanhope (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1697, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Stanhope, Vic, 1931); wireless expert (Girgarre, Vic, 1934; Stanhope, Vic, 1936-1967); radio expert (Stanhope, Vic, 1972); TV service (Stanhope, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''DOYLE''===

* [[/Herbert Laurence Doyle|Doyle, Herbert Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VG-WVC] - 1894(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1931); 3CR Melbourne (Malvern, 1933; Kooyong, 1937; Frankston, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 697, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: independent means (St Arnaud, 1924); grazier (Malvern East, 1925-1927); clerk (Malvern East, 1931-1937); home duties (Malvern, 1943)

===''DRAEGER''===

* [[/Herbert William Draeger|Draeger, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCZ-36G] - 1886(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XAD Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; pre-WW1 (3 years Corps Aust Signallers); WW1 (applied AIF 1915, fit for home service); WW2 (CMF, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Newtown, Vic, 1912; Paddington, NSW, 1913); fitter (Blackburn, Vic, 1912-1917); poulterer (Coburg, Vic, 1917-1919); grocer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1924-1936); driver (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); pensioner (Sandringham, Vic, 1958)

===''DRAKE''===

* [[/James George Drake|Drake, James George]] - 1850(Eng)-1941(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1880s &amp; 1890s), state politician (Qld MLA, 1880s &amp; 1890s), politician (Postmaster-General 1901-1903)

===''DRANEY''===

* [[/Walter Edward Draney|Draney, Walter Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KLP-VT7] - 1896(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milton, Qld, 1919; Greenslopes, Qld, 1921-1928; Tully, Qld, 1937; Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba West, Qld, 1958-1977); retired (Drayton, Qld, 1980)

===''DRANSFIELD''===

* [[/Reginald Beaumont Dransfield|Dransfield, Reginald Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-4VK] - 1906(Tas)-1947(ACT) - Licences: 2ALD Bungendore (1938-1939); 2ALD Canberra (Acton, 1946; Kingston, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2233, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Moore College, Camperdown, NSW, 1930); deacon (North Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); clergyman (Adaminaby, NSW, 1933; Adelong, NSW, 1936; Lake Bathurst, NSW, 1937)

===''DREDGE''===

* [[/Leslie Laurence Dredge|Dredge, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJQ-YQP] - 1895(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XPV Melbourne (South Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Preston, Vic, 1926-1931); confectioner (Preston, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (Abbotsford, Vic, 1942-1949; Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Preston, Vic, 1954-1972)

===''DREW''===

* [[/Alfred John Drew|Drew, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-1HH] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5LN Adelaide (Kensington, 1933-1939; Erindale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1078, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Erindale, SA, 1943)

* [[/Charles William Drew|Drew, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPS1-3BB] - 1900(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 249 Sydney (Waverley, 1920); 2CD Sydney (Randwick, 1929-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 500, 1919; COCP2 386, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''DRISCOLL''===

* [[/Albert Edmund Driscoll|Driscoll, Albert Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL75-71C] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2KN Quirindi (1933-1939); 2BI Quirindi (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1126, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Quirindi, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''DU FEU''===

* [[/Maurice Albert James Du Feu|Du Feu, Maurice Albert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3M-V9D] - 1917(WA)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 6DF Perth (Subiaco, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; West Perth, 1954-1956; Floreat Park, 1960-1965); 6DU Perth (West Perth, 1948); 2BMD Sydney (Lindfield, 1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1875, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: company director (West Perth, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (West Perth, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Lindfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''DUBOIS''===

* [[/Paul Louis Dubois|Dubois, Paul Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZQ-QN3] - 1918(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 4UJ Brisbane (Rosalie, 1936-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1947; South Brisbane, 1948; Highgate Hill, 1954-1960; Bardon 1960); 4PL Brisbane (Bardon 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1677, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; senior public servant (PMGD, Telstra) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1943; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949); public servant (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1954-1958); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977); manager telecommunications (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''DUDMAN''===

* [[/William Henry George Dudman|Dudman, William Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWL-7KH] - 1915(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3VY Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rosanna, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1907, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1949-1963); radio technician (Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1968); sales manager (Rosanna, Vic, 1977); manager (Rye, Vic, 1980)

===''DUFF''===

* [[/David Hugh Bowen Duff|Duff, David Hugh Bowen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW6B-5QD] - 1909(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2EO Sydney (Stanmore, 1933-1934; Enmore, 1935-1936); 3EO Melbourne (Crib Point, 1937); 2EO Sydney (Arncliffe, 1938); 2EO Canberra (Belconnen, 1939); 2EO Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1011, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Newtown, NSW, 1935; Crib Point, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Naval Wireless Station, Belconnen, ACT, 1943); PMG employee (Hornsby, NSW, 1949); service engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Duff, William Vere Hobart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZC-JGP] - 1893(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3DB Receive Melbourne (Malvern East, 1922); 3DB Melbourne (Malvern East, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Malvern East, 1914); engineer (Malvern East, 1919-1924; Glenferrie, 1931-1937; Toorak, 1943-1954; Harkaway, 1958-1968)

===''DUFFY''===

* [[/John Duffy|Duffy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXCB-QKJ] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AQ Sydney (Redfern, 1933; Woollahra, 1934; Rose Bay, 1935-1937); 4AQ Brisbane (Grange, 1938); 2AQ Sydney (Bondi, 1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, not yet identified; AOLCP 264, 1936; TVOCP 54, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous JDs, needs review - Electoral Rolls: manager (Woollahra, NSW, 1934); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Maurice Boyce Duffy|Duffy, Maurice Boyce &quot;Morrie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRYK-S76] - 1886(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/duffy-maurice-boyce-morrie-6030 ADB]

* [[/William Oswald Duffy|Duffy, William Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD52-2Q2] - 1861(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: XZO Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Battery Point, 1914)

===''DUGGAN''===

* [[/Harry George Duggan|Duggan, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9H-8LW] - 1905(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XI Warrnambool (1930-1965); 3AXI Warrnambool (1965-1969); 3XI Garvoc (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 592, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Warrnambool, 1931-1954); engineer (Warrnambool, 1963-1968)

===''DUKES''===

* [[/Gordon William Dukes|Dukes, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3RY-PGT] - 1909(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2WD Sydney (Forest Lodge, 1930-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1956; Cremorne, 1957-1958; Lane Cove, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 571, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 139, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Glebe, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Homebush, 1943-1949); engineer (Cremorne, 1954-1958); technician (Lane Cove, 1963-1980)

===''DUNCAN''===

* [[/John Caldwell Duncan|Duncan, John Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-R7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3VZ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2185, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: builder (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937); clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); contractor (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); builder (Balwyn, Vic, 1958-1967)

===''DUNDAS''===

* [[/Reginald Loftus Dundas|Dundas, Reginald Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXC2-8LM] - 1915(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4DU Crawford, Kingaroy Line (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1990, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Theodore, Qld, 1937); labourer (Crawford, Kingaroy Line, Qld, 1949-1972); farmer (Torquay, Qld, 1977)

===''DUNLEAVY''===

* [[/Joseph Francis Dunleavy|Dunleavy, Joseph Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3JD Melbourne (St Kilda, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 508, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); electrical fitter (Melbourne, Vic, 1926; South Yarra, Vic, 1931); fitter (St Kilda, Vic, 1934)

===''DUNN''===

* [[/Deveron Colin Dunn|Dunn, Deveron Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDX6-2DP] - 1914(NZ)-2014(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2EG Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1420, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1937-1963); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1968); electronics technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Dunn|Dunn, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDXX-SDR] - 1908(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2AKS Sydney (Chatswood, 1938-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2194, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1932-1933; Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Richard Dunn|Dunn, Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSN-T31] - 1898(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Receive Sydney (South Kensington, 1922); 2GU Sydney (South Kensington, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Kensington, 1930-1943); manager (Kingsford, 1958); retired (The Entrance, 1963-1980)

===''DUNSTAN''===

* [[/Walter John Dunstan|Dunstan, Walter John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXJ-Y3V] - 1904(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Receive Ballarat (1922); 3JR Ballarat (1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 106, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: gone too soon - Relationships: brother of William Dunstan, Victoria Cross - Electoral Rolls: student (Ballarat East, 1927)

===''DUNSTONE''===

* [[/Arthur James Dunstone|Dunstone, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WW-2QQ] - 1920(Vic)-2019(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2412, 1939, Vic; COCP2 574, 1942; COCP1 601, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Maldon, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''DURBER''===

* [[/Robert George Durber|Durber, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-CRT] - 1922(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6DG Merredin (1947-1948; 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2437, 1940, WA; BOCP 385, 1941 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcast technician (Northam, WA, 1943-1949); technician (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''DURBIN''===

* [[/Walter Albury Durbin|Durbin, Walter Albury]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQS-F1D] - 1913(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (active early 1930s to early 1990s) - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Willoughby, NSW, 1935-1963); manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''DURBRIDGE''===

* [[/William Keep Durbridge|Durbridge, William Keep]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDN-Z4B] - 1908(WA)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 4FS Receive Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Innisfail, Qld, 1930); clerk (Teneriffe, Qld, 1936-1937); bookkeeper (Dundoo Station, Eulo, Qld, 1937); no occupation (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1972; Melbourne, Vic, 1977)

===''DUTHOIT''===

* [[/Albert George Duthoit|Duthoit, Albert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ94-V82] - 1901(Tas)-1970(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); labourer (Croydon North, 1931); no occupation (Armadale, 1931); engineer (Hobart South, 1936); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1935-1943); clerk (Ivanhoe, 1949; Oakleigh, 1954; Malvern, 1958); nil (Malvern, 1967-1968)

===''DUTTON''===

* [[/Thomas Henry Dutton|Dutton, Thomas Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJG1-LRN] - 1862(Eng)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: painter (Rockhampton, Qld, 1903-1905); commission agent (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1908-1909); printer (Valley, Qld, 1913); traveller (Teneriffe, Qld, 1915-1937)

===''DWYER''===

* [[/John Timothy Dwyer|Dwyer, John Timothy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-48T] - 1913(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Young (1932-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 945, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Young, NSW, 1934-1954)

===''DYE''===

* [[/Aubrey David Wilson Dye|Dye, Aubrey David Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVB-QPC] - 1886(Eng)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AW Sydney (Centennial Park, 1929-1958) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Centennial Park, NSW, 1930-1954)

===''DYER''===

* [[/Clarence Alfred Robert Dyer|Dyer, Clarence Alfred Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFFF-P78] - 1895(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3DY Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1931-1939; Middle Brighton, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 837, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Northcote, Vic, 1921-1922; Melbourne East, Vic, 1924; Northcote, Vic, 1926-1928; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1931-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949)

=='''E'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''EADIE''===

* [[/Norman William Eadie|Eadie, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBL7-X21] - 1915(WA)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3UP Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2219, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1980)

===''EAGLES''===

* [[/James Algernon Eagles|Eagles, James Algernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-S6T] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XIF Jiggi (1913-1914); 2AIA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: husband of 2AIA Muriel Margaret Eagles nee Boag - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Glebe, NSW, 1913); school teacher (Croydon Park, NSW, 1930); retired (Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1949)

* [[/Muriel Margaret Eagles|Eagles nee Boag, Muriel Margaret]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJM-CDT] - 1890(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIA Sydney (Miranda, 1957; Strathfield, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3562, 1956, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: wife of XIF-2AIA James Algernon Eagles - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Croydon, NSW, 1930; Strathfield, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''EAGLING''===

* [[/Reginald William Eagling|Eagling, Reginald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWL-N2H] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AEY Taree (1936-1939, 1946-1975); 2AEY Lightning Ridge (1980+); 2UG Portable Taree (1958-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1829, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taree, NSW, 1935-1936); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949); director (Taree, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Lightning Ridge, NSW, 1980)

===''EAKINS''===

* [[/Cyril Clarence Eakins|Eakins, Cyril Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDD-M4Z] - 1915(WA)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6CN Geraldton (1939, 1947-1948); 6CN Kellerberrin (1954-1965); 6CN Perth (Greenmount, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2388, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Maylands, WA, 1936-1937); chemist (South Belmont, WA, 1943); pharmaceutical chemist (Geraldton, WA, 1949); chemist (Kellerberrin, WA, 1954-1963); pharmaceutical chemist (Greenmount, WA, 1968-1980)

===''EARLE''===

* [[/Frank Edwin Earle|Earle, Frank Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YV-B62] - 1900(SA)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5BD Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 823, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5BD - Frank Edwin Earle&quot;

* [[/Robert Erasmus Earle|Earle, Robert Erasmus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLX-NC1] - 1894(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6LC Perth (Floreat Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: AOCP 4390, 1966, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Floreat Park, 1954-1977)

===''EARLY''===

* [[/John Henry Early|Early, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56P-939] - 1902(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Temora (1934-1938); 2KQ Cessnock (1939); 2KQ Toronto (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1384, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Temora, NSW, 1936-1937; Toronto, NSW, 1943-1968); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''EAST''===

* [[/William Lawrence East|East, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZK-JMF] - 1914(???)-1942(NSW) - Licences: 2AEG Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1937); 2AEG Newcastle (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1636, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1932-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Newington, NSW, 1936)

===''EASTER''===

* [[/Ernest Richard Easter|Easter, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2L-656] - 1914(SA)-1983(???) - Licences: 5RO Montieth (1933); 5RO Port Elliot (1937); 5RO Moonta (1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1111, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Moonta, SA, 1939-1947) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532330 VWM]

===''EASTERBROOK''===

* [[/Raymond Walter Easterbrook|Easterbrook, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN7-6JX] - 1912(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3RM Melbourne (Clayton, 1931-1933; South Yarra, 1937-1939; Bentleigh, 1948; Box Hill North, 1954-1960; Frankston, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 804, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Caulfield East, 1934-1935); sales (South Yarra, Vic, 1936; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); medical detailer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); manager (Upwey, Vic, 1954); company director (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963); director (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''EASTON''===

* [[/Frederick William Spencer Easton|Easton, Frederick William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-7XD] - 1914(NSW)-1944(PNG) - Licences: 2BQ Sydney (Bondi, 1931-1935; Bellevue Hill, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 846, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Rose Bay, 1936-1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''EATON''===

* [[/Rupert Thomas Eaton|Eaton, Rupert Thomas or Thomas Rupert (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRVR-DJH] - 1904(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6DO Receive Perth (Claremont, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Claremont, WA, 1931); shop front fitter (Belmont, WA, 1937-1968); draftsman (Scarborough, WA, 1972); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

===''EBRALL''===

* [[/Herbert Novelle Ebrall|Ebrall, Herbert Novelle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7J-D63] - 1909(Eng)-1975(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 35, 1936 - broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor apprentice (Tuart Hill, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1936-1937); mine owner (Ruby Flat, Tas, 1943-1944); radio manager (Queenstown, Tas, 1949-1972)

===''EDE''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Ede|Ede, Charles Frederick or Friederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7D-PYL] - 1885(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Wellington Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1908; Albion, Qld, 1912-1921); assistant secretary (Manly, Qld, 1925-1963); retired (Wynnum North, 1968)

===''EDGAR''===

* [[/Douglas Waldene Edgar|Edgar, Douglas Waldene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XS-K4X] - 1895(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6DW New Norcia (1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 314, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gingin, 1922; New Norcia, 1925-1954); retired (Nedlands, 1958-1963)

* [[/John Matheson Edgar|Edgar, John Matheson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB42-K1G] - 1881(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Receive Geelong (1923); 3YW Geelong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Training College, Carlton, 1903); state school teacher (Ballarat, 1909); teacher (Ballarat, 1913-1914; Geelong, 1917-1924; Essendon, 1925-1954)
* [[/Mervyn John Edgar|Edgar, Mervyn John or John Mervyn &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4W-647] - 1913(NSW)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4JE Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1302, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Radio Location Unit); radio retailing (Tracksons) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); salesman (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); shop assistant (Bulimba, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''EDGEBERG''===

* [[/H. Edgeberg|Edgeberg, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CX Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''EDGECOMBE''===

* [[/Gordon Henry Edgecombe|Edgecombe, Gordon Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZPN-WDD] - 1914(Sct)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1309, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1928-1946) - Electoral Rolls: radio servicing (Gordon, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''EDGERTON''===

* [[/Arthur Francis James Edgerton|Edgerton, Arthur Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5D-2PT] - 1912(Vic)-2009(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 889, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1936-1937); steel melter (Kew, Vic, 1943); metallurgist (Mentone, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''EDWARDS''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Edwards|Edwards, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3W-DSB] - 1900(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AC Sydney (Lane Cove, 1928-1930; Eastwood, 1931; Waverley, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 587, 1920 (Marconi); COCP1 224, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, NSW, 1933); supervisor (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1936; Haberfield, NSW, 1937); manager (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); production manager (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1954)

* [[/Frederick Patrick Joseph Edwards|Edwards, Frederick Patrick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSX-5YG] - 1918(WA)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6DN Merredin (1938-1939); 6DN Perth (West Perth, 1947-1965; Ardross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2127, 1938, WA; BOCP 278, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Merredin, WA, 1943); wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1943-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1968); clerk (Ardross, WA, 1972-1980)

* [[/George James Edwards|Edwards, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WC-Z8S] - 1912(NSW)-1942(At sea, near Bermuda) - Licences: 2GE Maitland West (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1129, 1933, NSW; COCP2 124, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, 2nd radio operator) - Electoral Rolls: film operator (West Maitland, NSW, 1933-1937) - Links: [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/51703.html Uboat.net]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1430549 AWM Commemorative Roll] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/H. E. Edwards|Edwards, H. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Croydon, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert John Edwards|Edwards, Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXF5-KP8] - 1894(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1937) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 802, 1923; 2COCP 18, 1929; 1COCP 208, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous HJEs - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933); radio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1949); communication officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1954)

* [[/James Thomas Edwards|Edwards, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ78-6VC] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2AKE Rye Park (1938-1939, 1946-1957); 2AKE Sutton Forest (1958-1969); 2AKE Moss Vale (1975); 2AKE Bowral (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2147, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: car driver (Rye Park, NSW, 1932-1949); grazier (Rye Park, NSW, 1958; Sutton Forest, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Moss Vale, NSW, 1977; Bowral, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Francis Edwards|Edwards, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTN-SRX] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1939, 1946-1956); 2AAE Sydney (Rydalmere, 1960-1965; Westmead, 1969; Toongabbie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1178, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Parramatta, NSW, 1933-1954); branch manager (Rydalmere, NSW, 1963); credit sales manager (Westmead, NSW, 1968); manager (Westmead, NSW, 1972); retired (Toongabbie, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Keith Thomas Edwards|Edwards, Keith Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBXH-J3C] - 1914(SA)-1942(At Sea, Bay of Biscay) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 929, 1932, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant, Air Gunner, 10 Sqdrn, Coastal Command, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701819 Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/531927 VWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leonard Wentworth Edwards|Edwards, Leonard Wentworth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5K-KP2] - 1917(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 2AGT Sydney (Pymble, 1939, 1946); 7LE Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2301, 1939, NSW; COCP1 1624, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Nelson, Tas, 1949-1954; Hobart South, Tas, 1958; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Dale Edwards|Edwards, Raymond Dale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-QWC] - 1912(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3ADE Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2355, 1939, Vic; COCP2 689, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1954); engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Samuel Robert Wareham Edwards|Edwards, Samuel Robert Wareham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNS3-P1T] - 1896(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (East Preston, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 741, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon (Motor cycle accident) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1921-1922; Albert Park, Vic, 1924); motor mechanic (Middle Park, Vic, 1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934)

* [[/Sydney Gordon Edwards|Edwards, Sydney Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-FJ2] - 1910(Scotland)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3SU Melbourne (Fitzroy North, 1935-1937; Elwood, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954; Canterbury, 1956; Middle Park, 1960; Forest Hill, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1552, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Heidelberg, Vic, 1936-1937); airman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949); RAAF (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); airforce officer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Forest Hill, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''EGAN''===

* [[/Mavis Evelyn Egan|Fogg nee Egan, Mavis Evelyn or Evelene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-1JK] - 1900(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Stanley (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver (YL) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanley, 1928); home duties (Wynyard, 1936-1943; Smithton, 1949; Sale, Vic, 1954; Cohuna, 1963; Devonport, 1972)

* [[/Vincent Thomas Egan|Egan, Vincent Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVW-97N] - 1917(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AJI Tamworth (1937-1938); 2AJI Inverell (1939); 2AJI Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1947; Darlinghurst, 1948); 2AQA Manilla (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2039, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949; Manilla, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''EGGLETON''===

* [[/Eric Percy Eggleton|Eggleton, Eric Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTZ-5G9] - 1903(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DA Receive Toowoomba (1923-1924); 4DA Toowoomba (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 81, 1925, No. 9 in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (QATB) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Toowoomba, 1925-1926); ambulance bearer (Toowoomba, 1931); ambulance superintendent (Dayboro, 1936-1943; Charleville, 1949-1958; Stanthorpe, 1963); retired (Caloundra, 1968-1977)

===''EINSIEDEL''===

* [[/Ernest Louis Einsiedel|Einsiedel, Ernest or Ernst Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Z-TS1] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QE Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1947; Ormond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2278, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1936-1942); skin classer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1972); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1977)

===''ELDER''===

* [[/James Alexander Mackenzie Elder|Elder, James Alexander Mackenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W3-7FL] - 1869(Sct)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Awards: KBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Essendon, 1905); merchant (Moonee Ponds, 1908-1909); director (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/elder-sir-james-alexander-6099 ADB]

===''ELLERY''===

* [[/Robert Lewis John Ellery|Ellery, Robert Lewis John]] - 1827(Eng)-1908(Vic) - early telephone experimenter, Vic Government Astronomer

===''ELLIOTT''===

* [[/Albert Horace Elliott|Elliott, Albert Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB3-DYF] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XDR Sydney (Drummoyne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: newsagent (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); agent (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931); engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Robert Neville Elliott|Elliott, Robert Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-PPJ] - 1907(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4DW Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1936-1937); company manager (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954-1963); accountant (Brisbane, Qld, 1968); chartered accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972); accountant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Ronald Donovan Elliott|Elliott, Ronald Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G799-LTX] - 1910(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5RD Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1931-1933; Da Costa Park, 1937; Kirkcaldy, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 758, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Kirkcaldy, SA, 1939; Westbourne Park, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Murray Browse Elliott|Elliott, Thomas Murray Browse &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W8-947] - 1899(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4CM Brisbane (City, 1946-1969); operator of Valentine's 4CM licence 1925-1939 - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 72, 1925, No. 6 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; early television experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Fortitude Valley, 1921); salesman (Brisbane City, 1925-1931); sound engineer (Observatory, 1937-1943); company manager (City, 1949-1958); retired (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968)

===''ELLIS''===

* [[/Clive Austin Ellis|Ellis, Clive Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-9HT] - 1912(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3LZ Melbourne (Williamstown, 1930-1931; Caulfield, 1933-1939; Newport, 1946-1956; Moorabbin, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 598, 1930, No. ?? in Victoria - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1937; Newport, Vic, 1943-1954); valuer (Moorabbin, Vic, 1958-1972)

* [[/Cyril Charles Henry Ellis|Ellis, Cyril Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCX-F99] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XMV Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1915; Canterbury, Vic, 1919; Burwood, Vic, 1924-1928); telephone mechanic (Ararat, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1977; Burwood, Vic, 1977)

* [[/John Osborne Ellis|Ellis, John Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-Q42] - 1910(Eng)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 522, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kimba, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Anthony Ellis|Ellis, Joseph Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGB7-BJG] - 1921(Eng)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2AIL Lismore (1937-1939); 2GL Sydney (Hornsby, 1946-1948; Mascot, 1954-1960; Pennant Hills, 1961); 4AGL Nambour (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2040, 1937, NSW; COCP2 446, 1941; COCP1 578, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949); flight radio officer (Randwick East, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick East, NSW, 1958); navigator (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles Ellis|Ellis, Richard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBQ-SST] - 1903(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AHR Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1972, 1937, NSW; BOCP 374, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''ELPHINSTONE''===

* [[/Lancelot Armstrong Elphinstone|Elphinstone, Lancelot Armstrong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56T-2FX] - 1914(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2MK Thirroul (1934-1939); 2MK Cessnock (1946-1950); 2MK Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1954-1961; North Balgowlah, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1337, 1934, NSW; BOCP 111, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thirroul, NSW, 1936-1937); broadcast technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1943-1949); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1958); newsagent (North Balgowlah, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''ELSBURY''===

* [[/Cyril Robert Elsbury|Elsbury (adopted) or Wilson Bowman (biological), Cyril Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMG-5CW] - 1897(Qld)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6JE Kalgoorlie (1934-1939); 6JE Fimiston (1947-1956); 6JE Nornalup (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1372, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1922); mine timekeeper (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1925-1943); assistant accountant (Fimiston, WA, 1949-1954); mine paymaster (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1958)

===''ELWORTHY''===

* [[/Colin Gregory Elworthy|Elworthy, Colin Gregory &quot;Col&quot;]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''EMBLING''===

* [[/Stewart Austin Embling|Embling, Stewart Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGH-YQM] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925); 3DC Melbourne (Toorak, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 236, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1931-1943); assurance officer (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''EMENY''===

* [[/Thomas Francis Emeny|Emeny, Thomas Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHVF-QNN] - 1908(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3GQ Camperdown (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1006, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camperdown, Vic, 1934-1943); engineer (Carrum, Vic, 1954)

===''EMERY''===

* [[/Leslie William Emery|Emeny, Leslie William &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQK7-QRN] - 1912(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3APE Melbourne (Hampton, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1380, 1934, Vic? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Seaford, Vic, 1954); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1963; Brighton East, Vic, 1967-1968; Hampton, Vic, 1972)

===''EMMELHAINZ''===

* [[/Albert Edward Joseph Emmelhainz|Emmelhainz, Albert Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSCR-R96] - 1900(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2SR Sydney (Kensington, 1931-1933); 2SR Lake Illawarra (1935); 2SR Sydney (CBD, 1936-1937; Petersham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1933-1936; Petersham, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Dee Why, NSW, 1949)

===''ENDACOTT''===

* [[/Jack Morris Endacott|Endacott, Jack Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2X7-P38] - 1910(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EB Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1947-1948; West Brunswick, 1954-1960; Fawkner, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1956, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Brunswick West, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954; Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Skenes Creek, Vic, 1972; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1977)

===''ENTWISLE''===

* [[/Thomas James Entwisle|Entwisle, Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFD-MNY] - 1884(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XLG Camperdown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908; Weerite, Vic, 1909); farm manager (Weerite, Vic, 1912-1913); secretary (Brighton Beach, Vic, 1914; East St Kilda, Vic 1916); military officer (Ballarat, Vic, 1919); farmer (Tresco, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''ERREY''===

* [[/Robert Owan Errey|Errey, Robert Owan or Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XN-QFZ] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 2PO Canberra (1946-1948); 2TD Camden (1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 265, 1935; AOCP 1843, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, Vic, 1936-1942); radio engineer (Mount Stromlo, ACT, 1949); civil servant (Camden, Vic, 1954-1958; Highton, Vic, 1963-1968); public servant (Highton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''EVA''===

* [[/Oswald Noel Eva|Eva, Oswald Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFST-HLS] - 1917(Qld)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3BON Shepparton (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1927, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949); projectionist (Williamstown, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954); theatre proprietor (Dunnolly, Vic, 1958); TV technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''EVANS''===

* [[/Albert Henry Hubert Evans|Evans, Albert Henry Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH8N-BFX] - 1894(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: XVD Adelaide (Mile End, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 255, 1916 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant manager (Woollahra, 1949)

* [[/Arthur Brodie David Evans|Evans, Arthur Brodie David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ7-PK9] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3VQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1965; Kalorama, 1969; Beaumaris, 1975); 3VQ Cowes (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2001, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1967); managing director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1968); director (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977); manager (Black Rock, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Griffith Benjamin Evans|Evans, Griffith Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQN-HL3] - 1877(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS - Electoral Rolls: naval telegraphist (Eden Vale, Vic, 1914-1915); telegraphist (Coburg, Vic, 1919); retired (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Brynmor Evans|Evans, John Brynmor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDG2-BHR] - 1918(SA)-1942(Indonesia) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2318, 1939, SA; COCP2 450, 1941; COCP1 507, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10306765 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703463 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/532627 VMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Telynog Evans|Evans, John Telynog]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWM-XLK] - 1911(Wales)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Paxton (1931-1933); 2CX Paxton (1936-1939); 2CX Cessnock (1946); 2CX Nelson's Bay (1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 778, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1937); wireless operator (Toronto, NSW, 1943); fisherman (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Percy Evans|Evans, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84B-DKL] - 1894(Eng)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 2OW Sydney (Kensington, 1928-1929; Randwick, 1930-1931); 3OZ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1948; Boronia, 1948; North Ringwood, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 458, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Kensington, NSW, 1930); salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); manager (Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/Phillip Edward Evans|Evans, Phillip Edward]] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3VN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1935-1937; Smeaton, 1938-1939); 3VN Yallourn (1947-1965); 3VN Newborough (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1432, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Smeaton, Vic, 1934-1936); electrician (YMCA, Clarendon, Vic, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1942); engineer (Yallourn, Vic, 1949-1967; Newborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/R. Evans|Evans, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Clovelly, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 265, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Evan Evans|Evans, Thomas Evan or Thomas Evian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-S1L] - 1904(NZ)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 3EV Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1927); 9EV Rabaul (1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 160, 1925, Vic; AOCP 2226, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; medical assistant; technical assistant; Civilian POW captured at Rabaul, died on board the &quot;Montevideo Maru&quot; when it was torpedoed and sunk en route from Rabaul to Hainan, where Thomas was destined for forced labour. Electoral Rolls: Not yet identified - Links: [https://montevideomaru.naa.gov.au/pows-internees/index.aspx?id=5349 NAA]; [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-30/world-war-ii-hell-ships-montevideo-rakuyo-maru/102263746 ABC]; [https://m.facebook.com/SilentworldFoundation/photos/a.6024859134229018/6024859087562356/ Facebook]; [https://www.scotch.vic.edu.au/greatscot/2011mayGS/60a.htm Scotch College]; [https://thelastcoastwatcher.wordpress.com/coastwatching-organization/civilian-casualties/ Last Coast Watcher]; [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17973567 Trove]; [https://montevideo-maru.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/18September10.pdf Montevideo Maru.Org] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Trevor Elliott Evans|Evans, Trevor Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJQ-GRC] - 1903(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3KD Receive Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1922-1924); 3RK Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1925-1933; Pascoe Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 159, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928); electrician (East Brunswick, 1931-1934); contractor (Coburg, Vic, 1936; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1937-1977)

* [[/Trevor Frederick Evans|Evans, Trevor Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L292-N4L] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2NS Blayney (1925-1929); 2NS Bathurst (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 2ABJ Portable Bathurst (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 113, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 19, 1936; AOCP1 43, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio manager (Bathurst, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Bathurst, NSW, 1943-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2NS - Trevor Frederick Evans&quot;

===''EVERETT''===

* [[/Frederick Arthur Everett|Everett, Frederick Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D4-778] - 1911(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1408, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Dubbo, NSW, 1934-1937); teacher (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Orange, NSW, 1949-1958; Miranda, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''EVERY''===

* [[/George Edward Every|Every, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDSS-VT4] - 1894(Eng)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 7GE Hobart (1931); 3GE Queenscliff (1937-1939); 3GE Balcombe (1947-1948); 3GE Carrum (1954-1956); 3GE Bonbeach (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military instructor; WW1 (UK) - Electoral Rolls: silver mounter (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1919); soldier (Launceston, 1922; Hobart South, 1922); military instructor (Hobart South, 1928); soldier (Queenscliff, Vic, 1935-1937); military officer (Albury, NSW, 1943; Victoria Park, Qld, 1949); clerk (Frankston, 1949); accountant (Carrum, 1954)

===''EWART''===

* [[/Henry George Ewart|Ewart, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1C-CP3] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 887, 1932, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Irymple, Vic, 1928-1937); mechanic (Redcliffs, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''EWING''===

* [[/John Donaldson Ewing|Ewing, John Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8L-5K5] - 1904(???)-after1980(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 2AFI Sydney (North Sydney, 1936-1938; Dee Why, 1939, 1946-1956); 2UL Sydney (Dee Why, 1960; Burwood, 1961; Dee Why, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: CC; AOCP 1659, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Armidale, NSW, 1930); electrician (Camaray, NSW, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Camaray, NSW, 1937); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1943-1954); electrical contractor (Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1963); electrician (Dee Why, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Thomas Thomson Ewing|Ewing, Thomas Thomson]] - 1856(NSW)-1920(NSW) - state politician (NSW MLA); federal politician (MHR, acting Postmaster-General)

===''EXTON''===

* [[/George Walter Exton|Exton, George Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8QY-5XH] - 1882(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2CZ Lismore (1922-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast proprietor and engineer (2XN Lismore) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Saddlers Crossing, Qld)

=='''F'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''FABER''===

* [[/William John Thomas Faber|Faber, William John Thomas &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4W-7FV] - 1907(Eng)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4WF Ayr (1938-1939); 4WF Brisbane (Kedron, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2186, 1938, Qld; BOCP 144, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager Ayr Radio (Ayr, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1949-1972)

===''FAGAN''===

* [[/William Reginald Joseph Fagan|Fagan, William Reginald Joseph &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLF3-QPM] - 1883(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Mandurama (1922); 2RJ Mandurama (1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio station (director, 2SM) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mandurama, 1913-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;2RJ - William Reginald Joseph Fagan&quot;

===''FAIRHALL''===

* [[/Allen Fairhall|Fairhall, Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZB3-PKT] – 1909(NSW)-2006(NSW) – Licences: 2KB Newcastle (Hamilton, 1928–1929; New Lambton, 1930–1931; Cooks Hill, 1933–1934; City, 1935; Cooks Hill, 1937; City, 1938–1939; Hamilton, 1946–1961; City, 1965-1980+); 2AKL Paterson (1948–1958) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 391, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 23, 1930 – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor 2KO Newcastle; WW2 – Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (New Lambton, 1931–1932); manager (Newcastle, 1933–1949); primary producer (Trevallyn, 1954); M.H.R. (Newcastle, 1958); member of parliament (Newcastle, 1963–1968); manager (Newcastle, 1972–1980) - Links: [[w:Allen Fairhall|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/fairhall-sir-allen-366 Obituaries Australia]

===''FAIRWEATHER''===

* [[/Jack Cromwell Fairweather|Fairweather, Jack Cromwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-BZZ] - 1918(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 2FV Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1938); 5FV Adelaide (St Peters, 1947; Kilkenny, 1948); 2AIF Broken Hill (1954-1955); 4FF Gold Coast (Labrador, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1491, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1954); builder (Southport, Qld, 1958-1968; Labrador, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''FALCONER''===

* [[/Charles Illman Falconer|Falconer, Charles Illman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZK9-PJ6] – 1885(Vic)-1962(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923–1924); 3CF Melbourne (East Malvern, 1925–1926; Canterbury, 1927; Surrey Hills, 1931–1939, 1946–1954); 2AUF Terrigal (1955–1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 204, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1909); mechanic (Fitzroy, Vic, 1914); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1915–1949); retired (Terrigal, NSW, 1958–1963)

===''FALKENBERG''===

* [[/Brian Falkenberg|Falkenberg, Brian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WCW-6WS] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3FA Byaduk (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1706, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Branxholme, Vic, 1935-1942; Byaduk, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Byaduk, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FALLOWFIELD''===

* [[/Elwyn Herbert Fallowfield|Fallowfield, Elwyn Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYHV-PWL] - 1917(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKI Taree (1938-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2182, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1943); radio dealer (Taree, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FALLS''===

* [[/Lyle Clifford Falls|Falls, Lyle Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLC-1VR] - 1899(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Caulfield, 1924-1925); instructor (Kew, 1926-1943)

===''FANKER''===

* [[/Eric Montague Fanker|Fanker, Eric Montague]] - 1907(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Sydney (Bondi, 1928-1929; Woollahra, 1930) as Fanker &amp; Hooker; 2HS Sydney (Woollahra, 1931-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1937; Kingsford, 1938; Kensington, 1939; Bellevue Hill, 1946-1961; Vaucluse, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1077, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Paddington, NSW, 1930-1933; Nithsdale, NSW, 1935; Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963)

===''FANNING''===

* Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred – see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred (Fanning)

===''FANSHAWE''===

* [[/Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Fanshawe, Arthur Dalrymple]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7D-QY6] – 1847(Eng)-1936(Eng) – Admiral of UK Fleet, Commander-in-Chief Australia Station – Links: [[w:Arthur Dalrymple Fanshawe|Wikipedia]]

===''FARMER''===

* [[/Maxwell George Farmer|Farmer, Maxwell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG1-SHR] - 1916(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5GF Adelaide (Knoxville, 1933-1939; North Norwood, 1947-1948; Adelaide City, 1954-1956; Plympton, 1960-1980+); 5GY Portable Adelaide (Knoxville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1217, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Percival Moore Farmer|Farmer, Percival Moore &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQN-3K5] - 1888(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT12, 1914 - radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Beecroft, NSW, 1930-1943); engineer (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''FARRELL''===

* [[/John Howard Farrell|Farrell, John Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWT-CJT] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4WJ Brisbane Windsor, 1933-1939; Chermside, 1946-1948); 4WJ Quilpie (1954-1960); 4WJ Somerset Dam (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1103, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Chermside, 1943-1949; Quilpie, 1954-1958); superintendent (Somerset Dam, 1963-1972)

===''FAUL''===

* [[/Albert Harold Faul|Faul, Albert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTD-S74] – 1907(NSW)-1979(NSW) – Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923–1924); 3AH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1926–1927) – Qualifications: cc; AOCP 288, 1926, Vic – amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) – Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1931–1934); lecturer (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bellevue Hill, Vic, 1936–1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); company director (Killara, NSW, 1949–1977)

===''FAULKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Albert Faulkner|Faulkner, Ernest Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWN-M7Z] - 1916(Vic)-2010(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3EE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1886, 1937, Vic; COCP2 806, 1944; COCP1 833, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1942); inspector (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); retailer (Burwood South, Vic, 1963-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FAULKS''===

* [[/Richard Wollas Faulks|Faulks, Richard Wollas &quot;Wol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCD3-BQ3] - 1902(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HS Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2WF Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1931; Hurlstone Park, 1933; Canterbury, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 557, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator;, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Ashfield, NSW, 1930; Canterbury, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''FAULL''===

* [[/Albert Edwin Faull|Faull, Albert Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2TH-TH4] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EF Warracknabeal (1937-1939; 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1918, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''FAWKNER''===

* [[/Ernest Pascoe Robert Fawkner|Fawkner, Ernest Pascoe Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYB-YKW] - 1901(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: manager (Kings Meadows, 1928); furniture manufacturer (South Launceston, 1936)

===''FAYLE''===

* [[/Bernard John Fayle|Fayle, Bernard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2SJ-7GF] - 1914(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3IW Melbourne (Burnley, 1936-1939, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1617, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1936-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954-1968; Nunawading, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FEENAGHTY''===

* [[/Leo Michael John Feenaghty|Feenaghty, Leo Michael John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYG2-RMT] - 1900(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4LJ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 291, 1926, No. 28 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club administrator; state public servant - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, 1925-1931); assistant secretary (Ashgrove, 1936-1958); public servant (Highgate Hill, 1963); retired (Isle of Capri, 1972-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4LJ - Leo Michael John Feenaghty&quot;

===''FEENEY''===

* [[/Percy Gilbert Feeney|Feeney, Percy Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR8-DZG] - 1907(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2AKX Sydney (Mascot, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2187, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''FELDMAN''===

* [[/John Frederick Feldman|Feldman, John Frederick Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNZ-5DH] - 1905(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3QH Receive Geelong (South Geelong, 1923-1924); 3QH Geelong (South Geelong, 1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 140, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Geelong, Vic, 1928-1937); turner (Richmond, Vic, 1942); bricklayer (Newtown, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''FELL''===

* [[/Evan Frederick Fell|Fell, Evan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH4-FTW] - 1914(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1932-1939); 4EF Barcaldine (1946-1948); 4EF Mackay (1954-1955); 4EF Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1956; Bardon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 978, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; AOLCP 175, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (inspector); property developer - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1943); engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949; Mackay, Qld, 1954); public servant (Bardon, Qld, 1958-1977)

===''FELLS''===

* [[/L. C. Fells|Fells, L. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FELTON''===

* [[/William Robert Felton|Felton, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M5-C2J] - 1897(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2RF Sydney (Petersham, 1927-1929; Belmore, 1930-1939, 1946-1956); 2RT? Sydney (Kogarah, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 366, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1914-1919, Desertion) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Belmore, 1930-1934); engineer (Belmore, 1936-1937); soldier (Belmore, 1943); radio technician (Belmore, 1949-1954)

===''FENTON''===

* [[/Arthur Stanley George Fenton|Fenton, Arthur Stanley George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-WK7] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 2VM Sydney (Artarmon, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1663, 1936, NSW; COCP2 214, 1939; COCP1 297, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1968); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FERGUSON''===

* [[/Bernard Malcolm Ferguson|Ferguson, Bernard Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZN-T43] - 1909(Vic)-2006(Vic)97yo - Licences: 3FN Nathalia (1935-1937); 3FN Melbourne (Coburg, 1938-1939; West Preston, 1947-1969; Glenroy, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1428, 1935, Vic; COCP1 737, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Cressy, Vic, 1943); airman (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Glenroy, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Colin Angus Ferguson|Ferguson, Colin Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DH-9KM] - 1917(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5CJ Mt Gambier (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1994, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Cyril E. Ferguson|Ferguson, Cyril E.]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - commercial operator (1COCP 2, 1914, No. 2 in Aus) - coastal station operator?

* [[/Eric Birger Ferguson|Ferguson, Eric Birger or Berger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLW-KFJ] - 1907(NSW)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2BP Hazelbrook (1932-1935); 3BD Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947; East Melbourne, 1948); 3KF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1021, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Kandos, NSW, 1930); clerk (Hazelbrook, NSW, 1933-1937); technician (Melbourne, Vic, 1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/John Ferguson|Ferguson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FJ Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1934; Waverley, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2FJ Saratoga (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 915, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified (common surname &amp; only one given name) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FERRALL''===

* [[/Edgar Walter Cecil Ferrall|Ferrall, Edgar Walter Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMF-G97] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Launceston (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Launceston, 1919-1949); inspector (Kingston Beach, 1954)

===''FERRICKS''===

* [[/Michael Bernard Ferricks|Ferricks, Michael Bernard &quot;Bernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58X-S4X] - 1914(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4UW Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1471, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); chemist (Northgate, Qld, 1949-1977); retired (Cairns, Qld, 1980)

===''FERRIE''===

* [[/Ronald Joseph Ferrie|Ferrie, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMD-HW3] - 1909(Eng)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2CV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Paddington, 1938-1939; Lane Cove, 1946-1955; North Ryde, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 234, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Edgecliff, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1936; Glenmore, NSW, 1937); sound engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); retailer (Ryde, NSW, 1958; North Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FERRIS''===

* [[/Colin Thomas Ferris|Ferris, Colin Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2N-B25] - 1920(Qld)-2008(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Ringtail (1960); 4TW Bundaberg (1965); 4TW Gladstone (1975); 4TW Brisbane (Taigum, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2246, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ringtail via Pomona, Qld, 1949-1958); boiler attendant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1972); engine driver (Taigum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''FESSENDEN''===

* [[/Reginald Aubrey Fessenden|Fessenden, Reginald Aubrey &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZN4-DHN] - 1866(Canada)-1932(Bermuda) - Licences: Nil yet identified (International) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (International) - pioneer wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Biography/Fessenden-Builder-of-Tomorrow-Fessenden-1940.pdf Biographical Book]

===''FIEDLER''===

* [[/Leslie Victor Fiedler|Fiedler, Leslie Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHNW-3JZ] - 1906(SA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 5SL Adelaide (Woodville, 1927-1933), 5SL Moonta (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 353, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Henley, 1939-1943); theatre manager (Belmont, 1949); film exhibitor (Mt Lawley, 1958); company director (Mt Lawley, 1963-1968)

===''FIELD''===

* [[/Clifford John Field|Field, Clifford John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJL-RC2] - 1912(ACT)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KF Katoomba (1934-1937); 2KF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1410, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound operator (Katoomba, NSW, 1934-1935); operator (Leichhardt, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1972; Five Dock, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henry Lindsay Field|Field, John Henry Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRT7-KM3] - 1918(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AKF Warbreccan Station, Deniliquin (1938-1939, 1946-1980); 2AQF Fallonville Station, Deniliquin (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2163, 1938, NSW; COCP2 476, 1941; COCP1 527, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Warbreccan, NSW, 1943-1949; Fallonville, NSW, 1954-1963; Warbreccan, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ralph William Field|Field, Ralph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86V-Q5T] - 1915(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3RF Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939; Ormond, 1946-1948); 3LJ Melbourne (Ormond, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 599, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Caulfield, Vic, 1937); machinist (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''FIETZ''===

* [[/Arthur Allan Fietz|Fietz, Arthur Allan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J6-TX1] - 1914(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2QE Albury (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1316, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); garage proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''FILES''===

* [[/Jack Crawford Files|Files, Jack Crawford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWG-JWJ] - 1907(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4JF Brisbane (Buranda, 1932-1935; Coorparoo, 1936-1939; Buranda 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1055, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, QSL manager); journalist (Teleradio, WIA Notes); accountant - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1931-1934; Coorparoo, Qld, 1936-1937); metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943-1963)

===''FILMER''===

* [[/Le Roy Drowley Filmer|Filmer, Le Roy Drowley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNF-2Z7] - 1902(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Newcastle (Toronto, 1925-1930; Hamilton South, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 148, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical contractor (Toronto, NSW, 1930); chemist (Hamilton, NSW, 1935-1937); metallurgist (Toronto, NSW, 1943); chemist (Speer's Point, NSW, 1949-1954); superintendant (Toronto North, NSW, 1963); retired (Toronto North, NSW, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2FT - Le Roy Drowley Filmer&quot;

===''FINCH''===

* [[/Alan Edward Finch|Finch, Alan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6M4-987] - 1915(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 7CJ Launceston (Mowbray Heights, 1935-1939); 7CJ Hobart (New Town, 1946-1954); 7CJ Kelso (1955-1956); 3AEO Shepparton (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1575, 191935, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (St Leonards, 1936-1937); mechanic (New Town, 1943-1954); public servant (Radio Australia, Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Shepparton, 1972)

===''FINLAYSON''===

* [[/Frank Finlayson|Finlayson, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDT-115] - 1911(???)-2002(NSW)90yo - Licences: 2ADG Sydney (Broadmeadow, 1936-1939); 2FC Wallsend (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1722, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''FINN''===

* [[/Leonard Warren Finn|Finn, Leonard Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2K-4P6] - 1914(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5SP Adelaide (Seaton Park, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1671, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Seaton Park, SA, 1939-1943)

===''FINNEY''===

* [[/William Finney|Finney, William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-W2H] - 1881(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AU Brisbane (Red Hill, 1923-1925); 4WF Brisbane (Red Hill, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 845, 1925; 2COCP 307, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Red Hill, 1903-1905); telegraphist (New Farm, 1908; Newmarket, 1909; Red Hill, 1913-1937; East Nundah, 1949; Wooloowin, 1954)

===''FINNIGAN''===

* [[/Henry Mildura Finnigan|Finnigan, Henry Mildura]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNK-2QT] - 1908(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3PX Mildura (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3PX St Arnaud (1954-1956); 3PW St Arnaud (1960); 3PX St Arnaud (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1618, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1937; Stawell, Vic, 1949); clerk (St Arnaud, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FIRMINGER''===

* [[/Ronald Mortimer Firminger|Firminger, Ronald Mortimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNWS-BLK] - 1889(???)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XJAQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3TL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur Receiver; WW1 (Merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1919); stationer (East Malvern, Vic, 1924); nil (Sandringham, Vic, 1925); cafe proprietor (Belgrave, Vic, 1928-1936); confectioner (Warburton, Vic, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Albury, NSW, 1949)

===''FISHER''===

* [[/Alan Wilbur Fisher|Fisher, Alan Wilbur or Wilbur Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G21Q-K1W] - 1915(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RO Melbourne (Williamstown, 1947-1969; Reservoir, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1644, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, Vic, 1954-1968; Reservoir, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Douglas Hugh Fisher|Fisher, Douglas Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD15-N13] - 1913(Vic)-1978(Tas) - Licences: 7AB Launceston (1934-1939); 7AB Burnie (1946-1948); 7AB Devonport (1954-1955); 7AB Lenah Valley (1956); 7AB Zeehan (1960); 7AB Oatlands (1965-1969; 7AB Claremont (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1373, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 7ZEE Neville Grant Fisher - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1936); bank clerk (Launceston, 1937; Burnie, 1943-1949; Devonport, 1954)

===''FISK''===

* [[/Ernest Thomas Fisk|Fisk, Ernest Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS5-XLQ] - 1886(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EF Sydney (Lindfield, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualified) - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio operator; broadcast and radiocommunications business proprietor (AWA); operated prior to 1933 under various AWA callsigns; 2MC in 1928 was licensed to his residence at Vaucluse - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); director (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Gordon, NSW, 1934-1943); consultant (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2EF - Ernest Thomas Fisk&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/fisk-sir-ernest-thomas-6177 ADB]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198906.pdf EA1]; [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198907.pdf EA2]

===''FITCHETT''===

* [[/John Campbell Fitchett|Fitchett, John Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQJ-K7W] - 1900(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Licences: XJDM Melbourne (Balwyn, 1913-1914); 3BL Melbourne (Balwyn, 1922-1925; Brighton, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 609, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Too young); WW2 (Not applicable) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Brighton, Vic, 1928-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;XJDM-3BL - John Campbell Fitchett&quot;

===''FITTELL''===

*[[/Stephen Luther Fittell|Fittell, Stephen Luther &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCN9-KRT] - 1910(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JO Gympie (1929-1939); 4YF Gympie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 487, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 280, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; member radio club (WIAQ, Gympie ARC); commercial broadcaster (4GY) - Electoral Rolls: radio specialist (Gympie, 1937); radio dealer (Gympie, 1943-1980)

===''FITZALAN''===

* [[/Herbert Albini Lawrence Fitzalan|Fitzalan, Herbert Albini Lawrence &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1951(Qld) - 4HF Brisbane?, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, Halcyon (not mentioned)

===''FITZGERALD''===

* [[/Eric Francis Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84F-Z7H] - 1907(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2EA Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1928-1929; Burwood, 1930-1931; Pagewood, 1931; Abbotsford, 1931; Bellevue Hill, 1933-1937; Waverley, 1938-1939); 2AAO Sydney (Chatswood, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 467, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1937); clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1977)

* [[/Patrick Michael Anthony Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald, Patrick Michael Anthony &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G33Q-6K9] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PF Rockhampton (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1802, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930); public servant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931-1968); clerk (Corinda, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Emu Park, Qld, 1980)

===''FITZGIBBONS''===

* [[/Richard John Fitzgibbons|Fitzgibbons, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXN-QPG] - 1893(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4DV Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fitter (Maryborough, Qld, 1916-1919); engine fitter (Ascot, Qld, 1921-1968)

===''FITZMAURICE''===

* [[/James Simcoe Fitzmaurice|Fitzmaurice, James Simcoe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-KCF] - 1861(Vic)-1934(SA) - Licences: XYB Perth (1913-1914); 5FT Adelaide (North Walkerville, 1923-1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMGD (State Engineer, WA &amp; SA); MIEE, AMIEE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1914-1916)

===''FITZPATRICK''===

* [[/William Patrick Fitzpatrick|Fitzpatrick, William Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH1P-T1B] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3WF Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1969; Nunawading, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 876, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1934-1942); radio engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968); PMG (Nunawading, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''FITZSIMMONS''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Fitzsimmons|Fitzsimmons, Raymond Harold or Harold Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTZ-2N9] - 1917(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3FI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3FI Horsham (1947-1955); 3FI Shepparton (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1885, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''FITZSIMONS''===

* [[/Hilary Blanchard Fitzsimons|Fitzsimons, Hilary Blanchard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-NMN] - 1918(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980+); 3ARZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2118, 1938, Vic; BOCP 332, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1943); technician (Auburn, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FLAHERTY''===

* [[/Gordon Thomas Holm Flaherty|Flaherty, Gordon Thomas Holm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Q2-C9T] - 1900(Vic)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CB Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: postman (South Brisbane, 1922); telephone mechanic (Buranda, 1925; Coorparoo, 1928); mechanic (Camp Hill, 1936; Beaudesert, 1937-1943); technician (Camp Hill, 1949-1963)

===''FLETCHER''===

* [[/Austin Fletcher|Fletcher, Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKQ-2QR] - 1891(Eng)-1922(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 128, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Roebourne, 1913); radio operator (Esperance, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Roebourne, 1917-1918); telegraphist (Oakleigh, 1921)

* [[/R. I. Fletcher|Fletcher, R. I.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XIJ Sydney (Woollahra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FLOOD''===

* [[/Arthur George Flood|Flood, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BF-HPG] - 1883(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 238, 1916; 2COCP 415, 1932; 1COCP 348, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIL Flinders Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Emita, Flinders Island, Tas, 1914-1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1925; Meeandah, Qld, 1928; Eagle Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Cooktown, Qld, 1943); retired (Cairns, 1954-1958; Eventide Home, Charters Towers, 1963)

* [[/John Spencer Flood|Flood, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23T-S71] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YS Sydney (Granville, 1937-1938); 2YS Newcastle (Waratah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 227, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Balmain, NSW, 1933); constable (Harris Park, NSW, 1934-1937); police constable (Waratah, NSW, 1943; Adamstown, NSW, 1949; Police Wireless Station, Waratah, NSW, 1949-1954; Lambton, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Francis Joseph Flood|Flood, Reginald Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-K1D] - 1913(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1936-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938; Penshurst, 1938-1939; Blakehurst, 1946-1961; Bexley, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1609, 1936, NSW; BOCP 439, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2EI Lindsay John Payne West - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1934-1937; Penshurst, NSW, 1937; Blakehurst, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Bexley, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''FOGG''===

* [[/Hugh Lillico Fogg|Fogg, Hugh Lillico]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW8N-KRZ] - 1900(Tas)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6HF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1939); 5HF Mt Barker (1947-1948); 3AHF Benalla (1954-1960); 6HF Perth (Inglewood, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 787, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1931); clerk (Maylands, WA, 1936); bank officer (Maylands, WA, 1943); manager (ANZ Bank, Benalla, Vic, 1954); retired (Inglewood, WA, 1963-1972)

===''FOLDI''===

* [[/John Rollo Foldi|Foldi, John Rollo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB2-FCV] - 1904(Sct)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Receive Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 4KT Port Moresby, Papua (1933); 9KT Daru, Papua (1947-1948); 9KT Port Moresby, Papua (1954); 9KT Rabaul, New Guinea (1955-1960); 2BKT Sydney (Avalon, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE (Civil), 1963 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Avalon, NSW, 1968)

===''FOLEY''===

* [[/Henry James Bartholomew Foley|Foley, Henry James Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QZ-5SV] - 1886(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Sydney (Randwick, 1911) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1913); merchant (Drummoyne, 1930-1954)

* [[/Joseph Patrick James Foley|Foley, Joseph Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYS1-719] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RQ Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1936); 2RQ Port Hacking (1937-1939); 2RQ Sydney (Erskineville, 1947-1950); 2RQ Blakehurst (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 955, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1930; Bondi, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1934; Port Hacking, NSW, 1937); electrical contractor (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943; Blakehurst, NSW, 1949-1963); contractor (Blakehurst, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''FOLIE''===

* [[/Max Ulrich Francis Folie|Folie, Max Ulrich Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-Y7F] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3WZ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1930-1933); 3GZ Mildura (1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 682, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Auburn, 1931); radio engineer (Mildura, 1934-1968)

===''FONTAINE''===

* [[/Louis Alfred Fontaine|Fontaine, Louis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-L2V] - 1894(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: XJB Melbourne (Prahran, 1913-1914); 3FQ Melbourne (Armadale, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1914, No. 3 in Aus and Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; RANRS; coastal wireless operator (VIG, Port Moresby, 1915-1918); - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Wyndham, 1918; Geraldton, 1922; Thursday Island, 1934-1936); telegraphist (St Kilda, 1937); radio telegraphist (Malvern, 1942); electrician (Camberwell, 1949)

===''FOORD''===

* [[/Raymond Archibald Foord|Foord, Raymond Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K871-416] - 1909(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1819, 1936, SA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949))

* [[/Thomas Gellibrand Foord|Foord, Thomas Gellibrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBNV-H9G]  - 1890(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: XJEL Melbourne (Gardiner, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1912-1919; Malvern East, Vic, 1921-1949); not stated (Dromana, Vic, 1954)

===''FOOT''===

* [[/Ernest Henry Samuel Foot|Foot, Ernest Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-H6B] - 1915(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3EH Melbourne (Balwyn, 1936-1939; West Brunswick, 1947-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+); 3AFY Melbourne (Rosebud, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1704, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); wool presser (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Brunswick West, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Boronia, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/George Foot|Foot, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BT-FVF] - 1878(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 36, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (South Yarra, 1915; St Kilda, 1916-1917); RAN (Balaclava, 1919); tobacconist (Sandringham, 1925); manager (Prahran, 1937); clerk (St Kilda, 1942); retired (Dandenong, 1949-1954)

===''FORD''===

* [[/Robert Ford|Ford, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB4Y-WZ8] - 1916(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1928, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous RFs - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); agent (Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); valuer (Templestowe Lower, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''FORECAST''===

* [[/Arthur Mark Llewllyn Forecast|Forecast, Arthur Mark Llewllyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HPS-H18] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3AM Melbourne (Malvern, 1926-1931; St Kilda, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; The Basin, 1954-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 279, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 141, 1934; BOCP 156, 1938; 1COCP 245, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Malvern, 1925-1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1931-1934); biograph operator (Caulfield East, 1937-1942; Glenhuntley, 1949); projectionist (The Basin, 1963-1972); retired (Ferntree Gully, 1977; Knoxfield, 1980)

===''FOREMAN''===

* [[/Edgar Graham Foreman|Foreman, Edgar Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD95-36X] - 1908(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4GF Ayr (1935-1939); 4GF Townsville (North Ward, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1577, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Stanton Hill, Qld, 1930); salesman (Ayr, Qld, 1934-1937); procurement specialist (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1954-1968); proprietor (Townsville, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Richard Maynard Foreman|Foreman, Richard Maynard]] - 1915(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1937-1939); 2DKG Sydney (Vaucluse, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1870, 1937, Vic; BOCP 187, 1938; 2COCP 223, 1939; 1COCP 293, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1936-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1943; Cairns, Qld, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FORMAN''===

* [[/William Arthur David Forman|Forman, William Arthur David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPB-439] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 9WF Patrol Vessel Eros, Rabaul (1938); 9WF M. V. Erica, Lae (1947); 2WF Sydney (Manly, 1948; Beacon Hill, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 534, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: navigator (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1935); shipmaster (Manly, NSW, 1943-1949; Beacon Hill, NSW, 1949-1963; Brookvale, NSW, 1972)

===''FORREST''===

* [[/John Forrest|Forrest, John]] - 1847(WA)-1918(???) - state politician, senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1901, 17 days)

===''FORSHAW''===

* [[/Charles Joseph Forshaw|Forshaw, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGW-783] - 1895(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJDA Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914); V736 Receive Hamilton (1922); 3GQ Receive Hamilton (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Myrtleford, 1917); clerk (Oakleigh, 1924-1937; Gardiner, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949; Glenhuntly, 1954)

===''FORSTER''===

* [[/John Charles Forster|Forster, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHK-ZTZ] - 1901(Eng)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CI Receive Korbel (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Korbel, WA, 1925-1949; Scarborough, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Scarborough, WA, 1977)

* [[/Milton Melrose Forster|Forster, Milton Melrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY9W-2G8] - 1911(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1383, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 237, 1935; COCP2 117, 1937; COCP1 162, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1939-1942) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/628398 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1701807 AWM]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=72811 RAF Commands] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''FORSYTH''===

* [[/Royce Arthur Forsyth|Forsyth, Royce Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1R-3S5] - 1917(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7BC Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1637, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Launceston, 1943); teacher (Hobart North, 1944); schoolteacher (Bellerive, 1949-1972)

===''FORSYTHE''===

* [[/Leonard Edgar Forsythe|Forsythe, Leonard Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBY-MTR] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2BF Receive Sydney (Northbridge, 1922); 2BF Sydney (Northbridge, 1922-1929; Drummoyne, 1930-1933; Snapper Island, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 40, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: flagmaker (Northbridge, 1930-1949); department manager (Drummoyne, 1958); ship's chandler (Drummoyne, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BF - Leonard Edgar Forsythe&quot;

===''FORTESCUE''===

* [[/Charles Fortescue|Fortescue, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD8X-GQ7] - 1893(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Toowoomba (1922-1924); 4CF Toowoomba (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Army, CMF, Colonel); WW2; jeweller - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Toowoomba, 1913-1958); nil (Toowoomba, 1963-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;4GE-4CF - Charles Fortescue&quot;

===''FORWOOD''===

* [[/Walter Reginald Brendan Forwood|Forwood, Walter Reginald Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPSN-3T8] - 1908(SA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Torrensville, 1923); 2XL Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931); 2BZ Sydney (Randwick, 1930-1931; Mosman, 1933-1935) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 965, 1927 (Spark) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1968); engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1972)

===''FOSTER''===

* [[/Ernest John Foster|Foster, Ernest John &quot;Ernie&quot;]] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - 4BY Brisbane, amateur operator (no record of AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), broadcast engineer (4MB, 4BU), military (WW2, RAAF)

* [[/James Foster|Foster, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2Z-27G] - 1915(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5TX Adelaide (North Kensington, 1933-1939); 5LU Adelaide (Dulwich, 1947-1948; Oaklands, 1954-1965; Marion, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1140, 1933, SA; 1COCP 1046, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: painter (Frewville, SA, 1943)

* [[/Norman Cecil Foster|Foster, Norman Cecil &quot;Norm&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87W-KYM] - 1896(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XAF Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: solderer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1937; Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1954); sheet metal worker (Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Quintin John Foster|Foster, Quintin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3VG-LQD] - 1915(Qld)-1998(Egypt) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2197, 1938, Qld; COCP1 1025, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1511464 AWM OBE 1967] - Electoral Rolls: mailman (Grantham, Qld, 1936-1937); warrant officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Lyneham, ACT, 1963; Macquarie, ACT, 1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10114802 AWM]

===''FOURRO''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Fourro|Fourro, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4D1-YRR] - 1906(NZ)-1978(ACT) - Licences: 2VF Corowa (1930-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 703, 1930, NSW; AOLCP 165, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Narrandera, 1930); telephone mechanic (Corowa, 1931-1935); wireless mechanic (Corowa, 1936); mechanic (Brighton-le-Sands, 1937); foreman mechanic (2CY Canberra, 1943-1954); supervising technician (2BA Bega, 1958-1963); technician (Merimbula, 1968-1972)

===''FOWLES''===

* [[/Gordon Malcolm Fowles|Fowles, Gordon Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H2-RC9] - 1911(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1931); 3AMF Melbourne (Wheeler's Hill, 1948-1960; Avonsleigh, 1965-1969); 3AMF Cowes (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 490, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Albert Park, 1943; Hamilton, 1949); farmer (Avonsleigh, 1968); retired (Cowes, 1972)

===''FOX''===

* [[/Arthur Fox|Fox, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4Y-WZQ] - 1908(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2KP Sydney (Rose Bay, 1931-1939, 1946-1954; Caringbah, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 794, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1954); electrical contractor (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/William George Fox|Fox, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6BY-J5Z] - 1886(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 106, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Comment: several contemporaneous WG Fox; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FOXCROFT''===

* [[/Allan Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQS-K5P] - 1921(WA)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 6AF Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939); 3AE Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1859, 1937, WA; 1COCP 506, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Gordon Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-KQK] - 1917(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3UQ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1947; Northcote, 1948-1969); 3BNF Melbourne (Viewbank, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2277, 1939, Vic; COCP2 622, 1942; BOCP 623, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Nephew of 2AKG Norman Howard Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: assurance superintendent (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1968); proprietor (Heidelberg, Vic, 1972; Viewbank, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Howard Foxcroft|Foxcroft, Norman Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJDK-6FY] - 1896(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 830, 1924; COCP2 203, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Uncle of 3UQ-3BNF Norman Gordon Roy Foxcroft - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); clerk (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1937; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''FRAME''===

* [[/Vivian Horace Frame|Frame, Vivian Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ1-4QT] - 1899(Qld)-1959(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Mareeba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman ( Brisbane City, Qld); public works officer (Mareeba, Qld, 1922); architect (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925-1928; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1937; Virginia, Qld, 1949-1954; Norman Park, Qld, 1958)

===''FRANCIS''===

* [[/John William Francis|Francis, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHW-WHZ] - 1907(Eng)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2OF Broken Hill (1936-1939); 2OF Parkes (1946-1947); 2OF Doonside (1948-1956); 2OF Euchareena (1957-1961); 2BQH Sydney (Rockside, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1753, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1933-1934); mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1937); postmaster (Doonside, NSW, 1949-1958); no occupation (Molong, NSW, 1963)

===''FRANK''===

* [[/Kendall Thomas Frank|Frank, Kendall Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-TGZ] - 1904(WA)-1951(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 921, 1926; 2COCP 289, 1930; 1COCP 64, 1935 - ship wireless operator (AWA), coastal wireless operator, amateur operator?, broadcast engineer (4PM) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lakemba, 1943) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/frank-kendall-thomas-10236 ADB]

===''FRANKLIN''===

* [[/John Percival Franklin|Franklin, John Percival]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT93-1HZ] - 1922(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALP Sydney (North Sydney, 1939; Cammeray, 1946; North Sydney, 1947-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1958); 2ALP Umina (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2263, 1939, NSW; COCP3 3713, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949-1958); engineer (Umina, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''FRANZI''===

* [[/William Ronald Franzi|Franzi, William Ronald &quot;Bill&quot; (formerly Emilio Stefan)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG2-WYP] - 1909(Italy)-1994(SA) - Licences: 4FR Atherton (1938-1939); 5FR Adelaide (Da Costa Park, 1946-1965; Glenelg East, 1969-1975); 5VK American Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2192, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (IREE); military (RAAF); employment (radio technician); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FRASER''===

* [[/Albert Fraser|Fraser, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G17H-PZW] - 1899(Sct)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3NG Redcliffs (1947-1948); 3NG Melbourne (Mentone, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2169, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: horticulturist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949); boilermaker (Mentone, Vic, 1954-1972)

* [[/James Douglas Fraser|Fraser, James Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NS-MQ3] - 1900(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Quirindi (1930-1935) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 637, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quirindi, 1930-1943); engineer (Picton, 1949-1954)

* [[/John Henry Fraser|Fraser, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WY-NZK] - 1915(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2AFJ Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938; North Sydney, 1939; Pymble, 1950; St Ives, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1821, 1936, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 84, 1936; COCP1 132, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Haberfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1968); clerk (St Ives, NSW, 1977); farmer (Colo Heights, NSW, 1980)

* [[/H. Fraser|Fraser, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 2JC Tamworth (1924-1925), amateur operator (no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Henry George Fraser|Fraser, Henry George]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 1001, 1932, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, at least two HGF engineers

* [[/Noel Roderick Fraser|Fraser, Noel Roderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTQ-LCK] - 1933(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (circa 1950) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (West Ryde, NSW, 1958); chemist (Turramurra South, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''FRAZER''===

* [[/A. G. Frazer|Frazer, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914); 3PZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Edward Frazer|Frazer, Charles Edward &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK6T-55R] - 1880(Vic)-1913(Vic) - politician (Postmaster-General, 1911-1913)

* [[/Charles John Frazer|Frazer, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVJK-8KJ] - 1882(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XIB Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Camperdown, 1903) - Comment: Identification needs to be checked

===''FREE''===

* [[/George Bertram Free|Free, George Bertram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR76-G3R] - 1907(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2IT Sydney (Willoughby, 1936-1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely qualified in R.A.N.) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); naval rating (Canterbury, NSW, 1937-1943); insurance inspector (Canterbury, NSW, 1949; Belmore, NSW, 1949); taxi cab proprietor (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''FREEMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Charles Freeman|Freeman, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZL-4F7] - 19??(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Burwood, 1929-1939; Ashfield, 1946-1958; Cheltenham, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 544, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: packer (Newtown, 1930-1931; East Sydney, 1933-1935); engineer (Burwood, 1936-1937; Ashfield, 1943-1958; Cheltenham, 1963-1968) - individual not fully identified

* [[/ John Eric Leslie Freeman|Freeman,  John Eric Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHJ-1CM] - 1905(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1576, 1935, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933-1937); mechanic (Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954; Hamilton, NSW, 1958)

* [[/L. Freeman|Freeman, L.]] - 18??-19?? - Licences: XQB Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''FREESTONE''===

* [[/Leslie Roy Freestone|Freestone, Leslie Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-NB5] - 1896(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LF Ballarat (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Ballarat, 1916-1920); commercial traveller (Ballarat, 1921-1936); traveller (Brighton, 1937-1954); nil (Geelong, 1977-1980)

===''FREMLIN''===

* [[/Kenneth Fremlin|Fremlin, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K69J-CHK] - 1899(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: XACQ Sydney (Newtown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 227, 1937 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1937; Control Station, Goulburn, NSW, 1943-1958); civil servant (Bundanoon, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''FRETTEN''===

* [[/O'Della Paul Fretten|Fretten, O'Della Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G845-BQH] - 1894(Eng)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 2RU Sydney (Concord, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 460, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930; Strathfield, 1933); foreman (Lane Cove, 1936-1937); public servant (St Kilda, 1943); cafe proprietor (Melbourne, 1949); sales manager (St Kilda, 1963); instructor (Brighton, 1967-1968); retired (Malvern East, 1972; Fitzroy North, 1977)

===''FREW''===

* [[/Geoffrey Samuel Vernon Frew|Frew, Geoffrey Samuel Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87N-ZC1] - 1909(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3PM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1928-1933; Brighton, 1937-1939, 1946-1956); 3PL Melbourne (Brighton, 1960); 3JK Melbourne (Brighton, 1969); 3PM Melbourne (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 402, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 66, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1933); manager (Brighton, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1943; Brighton, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''FRIAR''===

* [[/Archibald Owen Friar|Friar, Archibald Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4LQ-LGV] - 1905(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AO Ulmarra (1929-1931); 2AO Grafton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 504, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chainman (Ulmarra, 1930-1937); garage proprietor (South Grafton, 1943-1963)

===''FROGLEY''===

* [[/Gerard James Frogley|Frogley, Gerard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7K7-JNM] - 1902(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3GF Melbourne (Richmond, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 240, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (East Melbourne, 1924); battery mechanic (Richmond, 1925-1931)

===''FROMHOLTZ''===

* [[/Cedric Atherton Fromholtz|Fromholtz, Cedric Atherton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM5F-P6W] - 1910(Qld)-1993(Tas) - Licences: 3UY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 843, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1937; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); cashier (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''FRY''===

* [[/Alfred Turner Fry|Fry, Alfred Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRX-2SL] - 1881(NSW)-1928(Vic) - Licences: 7BG Receive Queenstown (1923); Receive Queenstown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: metallurgist (Ballarat, 1917; Queenstown, Tas, 1919-1922; Sandringham, 1924-1927)

* [[/Reginald Hall Fry|Fry, Reginald Hall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6Y-9WN] - 1891(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2KC Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2KC Sydney (Croydon, 1922-1929; Killara, 1930-1933); 2KC Parkes (1934); 2KC Goulburn (1935-1936); 2KC Wollongong (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 86, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1914-1919, Sapper, 2nd Signal Troop; Australian Flying Corps); apprentice (Railway Workshops) - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Gordon, 1930; Killara, 1933; Goulburn, 1935-1936; Wollongong, 1937; Killara, 1943-1968); engineer (Killara, 1972) - TroveTag: &quot;2KC - Reginald Hall Fry&quot;

===''FRYAR''===

* [[/Charles Frederick Luxton Fryar|Fryar, Charles Frederick Luxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-DX1] - 1909(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2NP Sydney (Gladesville, 1933-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1179, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''FRYER''===

* [[/Keith Norman Fryer|Fryer, Keith Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KH-TZ8] - 1906(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 2KF Sydney (Suspension Bridge, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 332, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Neutral Bay, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1934; North Sydney, 1936; Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''FULCHER''===

* [[/J. Fulcher|Fulcher, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, (Halcyon, P. 4)

===''FULLER''===

* [[/Harold Sydney Fuller|Fuller, Harold Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-1WQ] - 1914(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HF Melbourne (Essendon, 1932-1939); 3HF Warrnambool (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 877, 1932, Vic; BOCP 96, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Hugh John Maesmore Fuller|Fuller, Hugh John Maesmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMX-2MS] - 1915(NSW)-2006(Eng) - Licences: 2VK Albury (1935-1939, 1947-1950 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 36, 1935; COCP1 63, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Albury, NSW, 1936-1943)

===''FULTON''===

* [[/William Augustus Fulton|Fulton, William Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYSC-N4P] - 1910(Vic)-1997(WA) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Canterbury, 1934-1939; Alphington, 1947; North Balwyn, 1948; Canterbury, 1954-1956); 6FX Perth (South Perth, 1960; Como, 1965-1969; Victoria Park, 1975; Menora, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1366, 1934, Vic; TVOCP 170, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); airman (Alphington, Vic, 1942); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954); public servant (Como, WA, 1963-1968; Mt Lawley, Vic, 1972; Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980); retired (Menora, WA, 1980)

===''FURNEAUX''===

* [[/Edgar Frank Furneaux|Furneaux, Edgar Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQR-7DN] - 1912(Eng)-1991(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1307, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Waikerie, SA, 1939); mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943)

===''FURZE''===

* [[/John Alan Richard Furze|Furze, John Alan Richard, &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G584-NR6] - 1910(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2HF Sydney (Manly, 1933-1936; Seaforth, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Beecroft, 1948-1950; Killara, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 424, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Seaforth, NSW, 1936-1943); airline pilot (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); pilot (Killara, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''FUSSELL''===

* [[/Robert Maxwell Fussell|Fussell, Robert Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGT7-XVY] - 1910(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2SS Sydney (Naremburn, 1934-1936; Willoughby, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1260, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: packer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1931; Naremburn, NSW, 1935); storeman (Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1937); court keeper (Albury, NSW, 1943)

===''FYSH''===

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNP-534] - 1835(Eng)-1919(Tas) - state politician (MLC Tas, 1860s through 1890s; MHA Tas 1870s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1903-1904) - Relationships: grandfather of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh

* [[/Philip Oakley Fysh|Fysh, Philip Oakley &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YS-4ZR] - 1897(Tas)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7PF Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 128, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Launceston Radio Experimenters' Club, WIA Launceston); WW2 - Relationships: grandson of Philip Oakley Fysh, federal Postmaster-General 1903-1904 - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Launceston, 1922-1954)

=='''G'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''GABBERTAS''===

* [[/Jack Gabbertas|Gabbertas, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF9C-2W7] - 1915(Eng)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Maylands, 1936-1939; Mt Hawthorn, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1810, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); mechanic (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1980)

===''GADSDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden|Gadsden, Stanley Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM38-WZ2] - 1887(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3SW Melbourne (Kew, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 26, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil); radio clubs (WIA Vic, Chief of Council, 1926); placed 2nd in 3LO amateur broadcasting competition 1926 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Kew, 1908-1915); manufacturer (Kew, 1917-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3SW - Stanley Wilkinson Gadsden&quot;

===''GALBRAITH''===

* [[/Leslie Colin Campbell Galbraith|Galbraith, Leslie Colin Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLY1-L1H] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2ABD Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1936-1938; Edgecliffe, 1939, 1946-1948); 2ABD Bega (1950); 2ABD Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1954-1965; Bayview, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1604, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1933); director (Paddington, NSW, 1949-1963); company director (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''GALL''===

* [[/William Leslie Gall|Gall, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W5C-H3P] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XADA Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1930-1937; Bexley, NSW, 1943-1954)

===''GALLE''===

* [[/Reginald Victor Galle|Galle, Reginald Victor &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2P-KXN] - 1912(SA)-2008(SA)96yo - Licences: 5QR Adelaide (Prospect, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Enfield, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 834, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Jabuk, SA, 1939-1941); schoolteacher (Tailem Bend, SA, 1943)

===''GAMBLE''===

* [[/William Ray Gamble|Gamble, William Ray &quot;Ray&quot;]] - 1928(NSW)-2011(NSW) - broadcast engineer (BOCP 961, 1948), station manager, radio network principal [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/vale-ray-gamble Radio Info]

===''GAMMIE''===

* [[/Andrew Victor Gammie|Gammie, Andrew Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKYV-85N] - 1909(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2VR Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 963, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1935; Randwick, NSW, 1937-1949); engineer (Kingsford, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GAMON''===

* [[/George Arthur Gamon|Gamon, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZL1-2JD] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1925-1926; Middle Park, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 89, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922-1924); University (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1933); manager (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); engineer (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1954; Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1972; Labrador, Qld, 1977)

===''GANNON''===

* [[/Gilbert Roscoe Gannon|Gannon, Gilbert Roscoe &quot;Ross&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5P-T61] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XCF Sydney (Artarmon, 1913-1914); 2LD Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1913; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); public servant (Pymble, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''GARDINER''===

* [[/Ian Donald Russell Gardiner|Gardiner, Ian Donald Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZN-QWW] - 1915(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ABY Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1610, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); medical practitioner (Manly, NSW, 1943; Helensburgh, NSW, 1954; Ryde, NSW, 1958; West Ryde, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vincent Gardiner|Gardiner, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2GJ-9QS] - 1893(Eng)-1971(WA?) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 248, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - ship wireless operator, instructor Marconi School of Wireless, Sydney - Electoral Rolls: agent (Jolimont, Vic, 1925; Hawthorn, Vic, 1928); company manager (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930); manufacturer (Brisbane CBD, Qld, 1931; New Farm, Qld, 1934; Centennial Park, NSW, 1935; Mosman Park, WA, 1943; Greenmount, WA, 1954-1968) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118863733 Trove Bio]

===''GARDNER''===

* [[/John Kelvin Gardner|Gardner, John Kelvin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPDD-8K8] - 1913(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3NA Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947); 3NA Warrnambool (1948-1965); 3NA Melbourne (Middle Park, 1969-1975); 3NA Cannons Creek (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1132, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous JKG - Relationships: Son of 2AN Walter Everson Gardner - Electoral Rolls: student (Ormond College, Carlton South, Vic, 1936); medical practitioner (Royal Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 1937; Warrnambool, Vic, 1949-1967; Albert Park, Vic, 1968-1977); medical officer (Cannons Creek, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Walter Everson Gardner|Gardner, Walter Everson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYN-GGD] - 1873(USA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2AN Receive Broken Hill (1922); 2AN Broken Hill (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of 3NA John Kelvin Gardner - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''GARING''===

* [[/William Henry Garing|Garing, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WV-2YG] - 1910(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 431, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: cadet (Point Cook, 1931-1934); airman (Point Cook, 1937); RAAF officer (Townsville, 1943; Point Cook, Vic, 1958; Williamtown, NSW, 1958); executive director (Turramurra, 1968); director (Turramurra, 1980)

===''GARNER''===

* [[/Alan Raymond Garner|Garner, Alan Raymond]] - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician! (Frankston, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harold Hugh Garner|Garner, Harold Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G13B-LDW] - 1911(Eng)-2001(NT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2135, 1938, WA; BOCP 256, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1930-1946) - Awards: Member OBE (Civil), for Principal of the Adult Education Centre, Darwin, 1969) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Harvey, WA, 1936); miner (Norseman, WA, 1937); broadcaster (Minding, WA, 1943); examiner of patents (Barton, ACT, 1949; Ainslie, ACT, 1954); education (Darwin, 1963-1972); retired (Darwin, NT, 1977)

* [[/Walter Brendon Garner|Garner, Walter Brendon or Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4M-1PQ] - 1896(WA)-1986(WA) - Licences: XYV Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Nedlands, WA, 1931-1937); soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943; research officer (West Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Perth, WA, 1958-1972; West Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

===''GARNETT''===

* [[/Brian Garnett|Garnett, Brian]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4AHN Currimundi, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld),

===''GARRAN''===

* [[/Richard Randolph Garran|Garran, Richard Randolph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K822-L54] - 1903(Vic)-1991(ACT) - Licences: 3AW Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, 1924-1925); manager (Semaphore, SA, 1941; Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GARRETT''===

* [[/Horace Benjamin Walter Garrett|Garrett, Horace Benjamin Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-9SV] - 1906(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (Box Hill, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Box Hill, 1928-1934); radio mechanic (Box Hill, 1936); salesman (Box Hill, 1943-1977)

===''GARTH''===

* [[/Reginald Garth|Garth, Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DX-47Z] - 1903(Eng)-1959(Tas) - Licences: 2VZ Sydney (Coogee, 1930; Clovelly, 1931-1933; Bankstown, 1934-1936); 4VZ Mackay (1937-1939); 3SF Melbourne (Preston, 1948; Seaford, 1954); 7RG Trevallyn, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 584, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933); mechanic (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1936); electrician (Slade Point, Qld, 1937-1943; Beaconsfield, Tas, 1958)

===''GATFIELD''===

* [[/Henry Alfred Gatfield|Gatfield, Henry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSD-7Q6] - 1887(Eng)-1951(SA) - Licences: XJEG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: motor expert (Geelong, Vic, 1909); automobile expert (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1917); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1919)

===''GAY''===

* [[/Augustus Holman Gay|Gay, Augustus Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PF-938] - 1902(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3SM Warragul (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Warragul, 1927-1934); engineer (South Yarra, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Kew, 1963-1980)

* [[/Vivian James Gay|Gay, Vivian James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYT8-VJJ] - 1908(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 2VI Sydney (Chatswood, 1935-1939; North Sydney, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965); 2VI Burradoo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1510, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943); master printer (Lane Cove, 1949-1968); printer (Artarmon, 1972); retired (Burradoo, 1977-1980)

===''GAYLARD''===

* [[/George Samuel Arthur Gaylard|Gaylard, George Samuel Arthur or Arthur George Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQN-VRX] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: draper (Canterbury, Vic, 1922); merchant (Shepparton, Vic, 1925-1968)

===''GEAKE''===

* [[/Wilfred Vivian Geake|Geake, Wilfred Vivian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTF-H1J] - 1893(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5BR Receive Kooringa (1922); 5BR Receive (Murray Bridge, 1923); Receive Murray Bridge (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hillside, SA, 1939)

===''GEARY''===

* [[/Kermit Erwin Geary|Geary, Kermit Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMN-89Z] - 1917(USA)-2010(USA)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - listener (1930s to 2000s; MW, SW, FM, Utility) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (1000s) was donated to NRC by KEG, thence to AMP and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/mcall/name/kermit-geary-obituary?id=13033505 Obit &amp; Comments]; [https://nationalradioclub.org/QSLs/Geary/index.html NRC QSLs]

===''GEDDES''===

* [[/Frank Albert Geddes|Geddes, Frank Albert]] - 1901(NSW)-1922(NSW) - 2GC Sydney (Waverley, 1922, receive only), amateur operator (pre AOCP, no record of AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), radio clubs (Waverley Radio Club), due to age licence held in name of father Francis G Geddes

===''GEE''===

* [[/Kenneth Harrie Gee|Gee, Kenneth Harrie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1W-42N] - 1919(Vic)-2014(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3IA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Blackburn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2152, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); draftsman (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Frederick Gee|Gee, Richard Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHPH-D8K] - 1911(Tas)-2000(Tas) - Licences: 7RF Hobart (New Town, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2439, 1940, Tas - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, NCO or other, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical salesman (New Town, Tas, 1936-1972)

===''GEEVES''===

* [[/Philip Leslie Geeves|Geeves, Philip Leslie &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88C-Y8Y] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - radio broadcaster (VK2ME, 2CH, ABC); employment (AWA, 1937-1970s); journalist (SMH); historian (AWA, broadcasting); awards (OAM, 1980) - Electoral Rolls: radio executive (Bexley, 1949-1963); executive (Hurstville South, 1972-1980)

===''GEISEL''===

* [[/Elizabeth Aileen Geisel|Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK7-NJ4] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5YL Murray Bridge (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1788, 1936, SA; 2COCP 448, 1941; 1COCP 544, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''GELDARD''===

* [[/Horace Rendalls Geldard|Geldard, Horace Rendalls]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSP-ZB8] - 1901(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6GD Perth (Victoria Park, 1939, 1947-1948; Queens Park, 1954; Bayswater, 1955, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2327, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Spencers Brook, WA, 1925); linesman (East Perth, WA, 1925); fireman (Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1949); turbine driver (Canning, WA, 1954; Bayswater, WA, 1958-1968)

===''GEORGE''===

* [[/Carl William George|George, Carl William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZJ-WMF] - 1878(???)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2UG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 853, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Heinrich Alfred August George|George, Heinrich Alfred August &quot;Henry&quot;, &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G387-XZ4] - 1899(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, 1919-1963)

* [[/Vernon Harold George|George, Vernon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN41-TZL] - 1897(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1931-1939, 1947-1960; Mt Martha, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 265, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Coburg, 1921-1928); clerk (Heidelberg, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Mt Martha, Vic, 1967-1977)

===''GEORGESON''===

* [[/James Georgeson|Georgeson, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS1-17Q] - 1897(Eng)-1976(Taiwan) - Licences: 5JD Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1938); 2AKU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1939; Granville, 1946-1947; Artarmon, 1948-1954; Lane Cove (1955); Artarmon (1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1783, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1943); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1972)

===''GERAGHTY''===

*[[/James Anselm Geraghty|Geraghty, James Anselm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVD-VY9] - 1877(???)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CS Receive Townsville (1923); 4CS Townsville (1923-1924); 4CS Brisbane (Nudgee, 1924); 4CS Gympie (1924); 4CS Townsville (1925); 4CS Gympie (1925-1927); 2JG Wagga Wagga (1929); 7CB Launceston (1931); 4CB Brisbane (Nudgee, 1933); 4AC Bundaberg (1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 186, 1925, No. 17 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; minister of religion and teacher (Christian Brothers) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ballarat, 1906; Gympie, 1909-1913; Dunedin, 1914-1916; South Brisbane, 1919-1925; Tamworth, 1930; Bundaberg, 1934; Ipswich, 1943; Albion, 1949; Gympie, 1954); retired (Boondall, 1958-1968)

===''GERARD''===

* [[/John Walter Gerard|Gerard, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYH3-PS2] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADN Coffs Harbour (1936-1939, 1946-1969); 2ADN Bonville (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1755, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1930-1954); theatre manager (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bonville, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GIBBENS''===

* [[/Arthur James Gibbens|Gibbens, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZB-CJS] - 1915(SA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2BT Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1934; Randwick, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1144, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 266, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Clovelly, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrical engineer (Watson, ACT, 1963-1977)

===''GIBBINGS''===

* [[/William Edgar Gibbings|Gibbings, William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97W1-P9B] - 1913(WA)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2NH Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1937); 3NH Melbourne (Essendon, 1938); 2XN Sydney (Castle Hill, 1947-1955; Marrickville, 1956; Strathfield, 1957-1969; Homebush, 1980); 4WO Brisbane (Kedron, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1190, 1933, NSW; COCP1 113, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, Signals Division, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Marrickville, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); company executive (Strathfield, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GIBBON''===

* [[/Thomas Foster Gibbon|Gibbon, Thomas Foster]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G857-MWS] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XJAV Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Kew, 1923); 3XZ Melbourne (Kew, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: student (Kew, 1919-1925); electrical engineer (Kew, 1928-1954); engineer (Kew, 1963)

===''GIBBONS''===

* [[/Eric Thomas Gibbons|Gibbons, Eric Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWDC-S3M] - 1911(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3AGB Warracknabeal (1947-1948); 3AGB Swan Hill (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2209, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Oyen, Vic, 1935); manager (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1949); theatre manager (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Frederick Gibbons|Gibbons, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XB-YRJ] - 1907(Wales)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 255, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Neutral Bay, 1930); clerk (Gordon, 1954-1968); director (Turramurra, 1972-1977)

===''GIBSON''===

* [[/E. G. Gibson|Gibson, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Ormiston, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

*[[/Edgar McLean Gibson|Gibson, Edgar McLean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-SM5] - 1877(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1925), possibly held on behalf of son Leighton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs - Relationships: father of 4AN William Leighton Gibson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Toowoomba, 1908-1917; Greenslopes, 1922); engineer (Manly, 1936-1937; Hawthorne, 1943-1968)

*[[/George Holland Gibson|Gibson, George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MXPG-HB4] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: XQG Brisbane (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Fortitude Valley, 1915-1917); mechanic (Newmarket, 1919-1928; New Farm, 1937-1943); telephone technician (Bulimba, 1954-1977)

* [[/Percy Reginald Gibson|Gibson, Percy or Percival Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-GJ7] - 1914(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1936-1939; Yarraville, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1666, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943); accountant (Kingsville, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/Richard Leslie Gibson|Gibson, Richard Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QNS-G8V] - 1900(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2GH Alstonville (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 578, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Alstonville, 1930-1949); retired (Alstonville, 1963-1968; Ballina, 1972)

* [[/William Gerrand Gibson|Gibson, William Gerrand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWJY-5G9] - 1869(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, Federal Postmaster-General 1923-1929- TroveTag: &quot;William Gerrand Gibson&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gibson-william-gerrand-6313 ADB]

*[[/William Leighton Gibson|Gibson, William Leighton &quot;Leighton&quot; &amp; &quot;Gibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5W-Q7S] - 1907(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AN Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: AOCP 73, 1925, No. 7 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN &quot;Bananalander&quot;); wireless business employee (Phillips Radio) - Relationships: son of 4AN Edgar McLean Gibson - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Manly, Qld, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1943); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949); business executive (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); regional representative (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GIDDINGS''===

* [[/Albert Hudson Giddings|Giddings or Whitney, Albert Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR4-PDP] - 1914(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 5FI Adelaide (Nailsworth, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1556, 1935, SA; 1COCP 102, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, Signals) - Electoral Rolls: PMG employee (Sale, Vic, 1968); technician (Elwood, Vic, 1972); clerk (Hughs, ACT, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/612780 VWMA]

* [[/Albert William James Giddings|Giddings, Albert William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9711-NG3] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3DG Stratford (1935-1939); 3DG Numurkah (1947-1948); 3DG Lancefield (1954-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1574, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster;; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Culgoa, Vic, 1931); bank clerk (Pakenham East, Vic, 1934); bank officer (Stratford, Vic, 1936-1937); warrant officer RAAF (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); bank official (Numurkah, Vic, 1949)

===''GILCHRIST''===

* [[/V. H. Gilchrist|Gilchrist, V. H. &quot;Gil&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9VG Slate Creek via Wau, New Guinea - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILDER''===

* [[/Donald George Gilder|Gilder, Donald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5F8-D2F] - 1915(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 2NV Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1939, 1948-1950); 3AHG Melbourne (Burwood, 1954-1965; Box Hill South, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2358, 1939, NSW; BOCP 455, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising representative (Coburg, Vic, 1937); salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); executive (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); manager (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILFILLAN''===

* [[/William Charles Kent Gilfillan|Gilfillan, William Charles Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-93Q] - 1869(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AM Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Manly, 1913); soldier (Manly, 1930-1935); no occupation (Redfern, 1937); manufacturer (Mosman, 1943-1949)

===''GILHOOLEY''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Forrest Gilhooley|Gilhooley, Joseph Aloysius Forrest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPF-L6N] - 1877(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, 1903; Hunters Hill, 1930-1935); traveller (Hunters Hill, 1937-1949)

===''GILL''===

* [[/Alan Stewart Gill|Gill, Alan Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH6B-JQ4] - 1907(NSW)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 7AS Launceston (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 191, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist &amp; engineer (Electrolytic Zinc Co) - Electoral Rolls: research chemist (Hobart Central, 1928; Sandy Bay, 1936-1949); chemist (Hobart South, 1954)

* [[/Alfred Wyatt McKenzie Gill|Gill, Alfred Wyatt McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBP-B8D] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Receive Sydney (Killara, 1923); 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Killara, 1933-1937; Wahroonga, 1949); soldier (Wahroonga, 1943); airline officer (Wahroonga, 1954-1958)

===''GILLANDERS''===

* [[/Bruce Charles Gillanders|Gillanders, Bruce Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-QZH] - 1915(NSW)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2XS Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1391, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant, 1942-1955) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1936); A.M.F. (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Frankston, Vic, 1954-1968); project officer (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''GILLETT''===

* [[/Clarence Rex Gregory Gillett|Gillett, Clarence Rex Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWJC-ZDW] - 1919(SA?)-2020(SA) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (All Wave All World DX Club, Australian DX Radio Club (SA Branch), South Australian DX Radio Club, Australian Radio DX Club, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia, New Zealand Radio DX League) - substantial portion (100+) of QSL collection survives (SSD, NFSA)

===''GILLHAM''===

* [[/Norman William Gillham|Gillham, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTT-M8V] - 1906(Tas)-1994(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923-1924); 7NW Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 176, 1925, Tas; CPRT 944, 1927 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sandy Bay, 1928); joiner (Queensborough, 1936-1937); builder (Nelson, 1943-1954)

* [[/Charles Alfred Gillham|Gillham, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJP-4NB] - 1888(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2427, 1940, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GILLON''===

* [[/Peter Clifford Gillon|Gillon, Peter Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7M-X53] - 1895(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 99, 1915 - Coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Bondi, 1934); radio telegraphist (Crow's Nest, NSW, 1936; Cooktown, Qld, 1937; Townsville, 1943); telegraphist (Kensington, NSW, 1949-1954; Cremorne, 1958); radio operator (Cremorne, 1963-1968)

===''GILMOUR''===

* [[/Norman Stanley Gilmour|Gilmour, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-PVG] - 1890(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2ZU Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1930; Potts Point, 1931; City, 1933-1939; Mosman, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 28, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: director (Neutral Bay, 1930); business manager (Darlinghurst, 1931); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1937; Mosman, 1943-1958)

===''GINBEY''===

* [[/Ian Haldane Ginbey|Ginbey, Ian Haldane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-73N] - 1913(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6IG Perth (Fremantle, 1938-1939; Bicton, 1947-1948; Attadale, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2084, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1936; Fremantle, WA, 1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943); salesman (Melville, WA, 1958)

===''GINGER''===

* [[/Ubitt Victor Ginger|Ginger, Ubitt Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5P-G76] - 1891(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2LF Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923); 2LF Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1924; North Sydney, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; police officer - callsign 2LF to L. R. Filmer, Toronto from Sep 1925, Bracken from 1933 - Electoral Rolls: constable (Chatswood, 1930-1933); police constable (Marrickville, 1934); constable (Naremburn, 1936-1937)

===''GINN''===

* [[/Ernest George Ginn|Ginn, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZC-95C] - 1917(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4GE Townsville (1936-1939; 1946-1948); 4GE Brisbane (Hendra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1749, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ), military (WW2, RAAF, AIF); employment (life insurance agent) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Townsville, Qld, 1943); shop assistant (Windsor, Qld, 1949); salesman (Hendra, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''GIVENS''===

* [[/L. James M. Givens|Givens, L. James M. &quot;James&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LX-7WR] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1923); 3EP Melbourne (Canterbury, 1924-1927); 3XY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 849, 1925; AOLCP 121, 1933 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Canterbury, 1931-1937; Camberwell, 1943); photographer (Delbridge, 1954)

===''GLASSCOCK''===

* [[/Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock|Glasscock, Albert Linster Kirkland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH4B-2CF] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ZI Sydney (West Ryde, 1931-1933; Lane Cove, 1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2ZI Culburra (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 724, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 349, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2LC Norman Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Petersham, NSW, 1930; Meadowbank, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933); constable (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1958); no occupation (Culburra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Norman Glasscock|Glasscock, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1H-J4R] - 1904(NZ)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1938; Darlinghurst, 1939; Randwick, 1946-1948; Chatswood, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 8, 1934; COCP1 39, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 2ZI Albert Linster Kirkland Glasscock - Electoral Rolls: builder (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1935); constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''GLASSOP''===

* [[/Bruce Leslie Glassop|Glassop, Bruce Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-DMF] - 1914(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2BG Sydney (Epping, 1934-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1950; Dundas, 1954-1958; Ermington, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1293, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Dundas, NSW, 1954-1963)

*[[/Ronald John Glassop|Glassop, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBZX-P8N] - 1910(NSW)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 2RF Newcastle (City, 1934-1935; Blackhalls, 1936; Hamilton East, 1937); 4BG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 4BG Maryborough (1947-1969); 4BG North Tamborine (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1288, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; insurance assessor - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Newcastle, NSW, 1932-1935); clerk (Hamilton, NSW, 1937); insurance inspector (Clayfield, Qld, 1937); insurance secretary (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1972; Mt Tamborine, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''GLEESON''===

* [[/John Lacey Gleeson|Gleeson, John Lacey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6TG-TQ7] - 1910(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1936-1939; Coburg, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1780, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1934-1936; Carlton, Vic, 1937-1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968)

===''GLENIE''===

* [[/Eliot Albert Glenie|Glenie, Eliot Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-FYW] - 1915(SA)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; Moorabbin, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2214, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949); toolmaker (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GLEW''===

* [[/Leslie George Glew|Glew, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDCH-HWX] - 1893(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LG Melbourne (Newport, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 222, 1916 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP1 65, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925); WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Comment: Another contemporaneous LGG - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newport, Vic, 1924-1967)

===''GLOVER''===

* [[/Alexander Frederick Glover|Glover, Alexander Frederick or Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-XZ6] - 1925(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3AFG Sale (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2705, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Sale, 1949); mechanic (Sale, 1954-1980)

* [[/Arthur James George Glover|Glover, Arthur James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2MT8-CZ8] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1928-1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3AG Warrnambool (1937-1939); 3AG Melbourne (Box Hill, 1946-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 392, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 1129, 1928; 2COCP 153, 1930; 1COCP 29, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Box Hill, 1931); engineer (Box Hill, 1936); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1937); engineer (Canterbury, 1943; Box Hill, 1949-1954); automation engineer (Camberwell, 1963-1968); engineer (Camberwell, 1972-1977)

* [[/Maurice Glover|Glover, Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-25R] - 1912(Vic)-2003(Tas) - Licences: 7MG Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1948); 7MG Swansea (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2129, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nelson, 1943); no occupation (Swansea, 1949; Nelson, 1954)

* [[/Maxwell Arthur Glover|Glover, Maxwell Arthur &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-58X] - 1902(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3GB Receive Melbourne (Auburn, 1922); 3GB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: No record of AOCP; 3COCP 671, 1948 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Camberwell, 1924-1934); wool buyer (Toorak, 1935-1936; South Yarra, 1937); director (Malvern, 1949-1980)

===''GLUSKIE''===

* [[/C. R. Gluskie|Gluskie, C. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GODDARD''===

* [[/Harry George Goddard|Goddard, Harry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXV4-1Q1] - 1904(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2GN Sydney (North Sydney, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3998, 1962, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); buyer (West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1963) - Callsign: Possible withdrawal of callsign for 2GN Goulburn commercial

* [[/John Endacott Goddard|Goddard, John Endacott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBM-L27] - 1914(WA)-1943(Crete) - Licences: 6JG Perth (North Perth, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 1427, 1935, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Fremantle, 1936) - Links:  [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/goddard-john-endacott-406692/ Aviation Museum WA]; [https://anzac.site/greece/crete-operation-thesis-goddard/ Operation Thesis]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1703409 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neville Mitford Goddard|Goddard, Neville Mitford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHRS-MNR] - 1898(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - journalist; patent attorney - Electoral Rolls:

===''GODDEN''===

* [[/Charles Augustus Godden|Godden, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HB-RFD] - 1906(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3TI Mildura (1937-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1915, 1937, Vic; BOCP 1273, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mildura, Vic, 1931-1942); radio mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1949-1967)

===''GODWIN''===

* [[/Sydney Borrett Godwin|Godwin, Sydney Borrett or Borritt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5Y-RM3] - 1895(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XGP Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sergeant, 1st Aus Naval &amp; Military Ex Force, E Company, 1914-1915) - Electoral Rolls: instructor (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); warrant officer (Maitland East, NSW, 1932-1933); military instructor (Tamworth, NSW, 1934-1936)

===''GOEBY''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Goeby|Goeby, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ3-3Q1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3GV Melbourne (Glenroy, 1935-1939; North Melbourne, 1947-1948; Doncaster, 1954-1975); 4AAG Caloundra (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1458, 1935, Vic; COCP2 1290, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: presser (Glenroy, Vic, 1937-1942); mechanic (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); traffic assistant (Doncaster, Vic, 1954-1967); clerk (Doncaster, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Caloundra, Qld, 1980)

===''GOFORD''===

* [[/Thomas William Goford|Goford, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZH-W3H] - 1898(Eng)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4MI Mount Isa (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1675, 1936, Qld; BOCP 387, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mt Isa, Qld, 1937); broadcasting technician (Goonellabah, NSW, 1943); DCA technician (Alice Springs, NT, 1954-1963)

===''GOLD''===

* [[/Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold|Gold, Clifford Henry Yarburgh or Yarborough &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19B-YYC] - 1906(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Brisbane (Hill End, 1926-1931); 4CG Toowoomba (1933-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 262, 1926, No. 21 in Qld; AOLCP 186, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (West End, 1928-1931); radio operator (Toowoomba, 1934); projectionist (Toowoomba, 1936-1963); radio technician (Balmoral, 1968-1977) - Relationships: nephew of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; also Doug &amp; Geoff

* [[/Douglas Edward Gold|Gold, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RL-XQB] - 1917(NSW)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 254, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Toowoomba, 1943-1949); assistant manager (Toowoomba, 1954-1958)

* [[/Edward Edwin Gold|Gold, Edward Edwin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L13Q-WZV] - 1894(Qld)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Toowoomba (1924-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: AOCP 7, 1924, No. 1 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; awarded Class B licence for 4GR Toowoomba; commercial broadcast station proprietor (4GR); Relationships: father of Geoffrey Kilvington Gold; uncle of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, 1925-1958)

* [[/Geoffrey Kilvington Gold|Gold, Geoffrey Kilvington]] - 1943(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: BOCP 2210, 1963; AOLCP 1608, 1964 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4EG Edward Edwin Gold; brother of Douglas Edward Gold; greatnephew of 4CG Clifford Henry Yarburgh Gold - Electoral Rolls: radio broadcaster (Annerley, 1968)

===''GOLDBERG''===

* [[/Raymond Gershon Goldberg|Goldberg, Raymond Gershon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1NS-KNQ] - 1919(SA)-1999(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2431, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For fighter &amp; bomber sorties in the western desert with 450 squadron RAAF, 1944 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOLDEN''===

* [[/Patrick John Golden|Golden, Patrick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSFG-R49] - 1893(Ire)-1943(Qld) - Licences: 4PG Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK) - ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio business proprietor; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Wynnum Heights, 1928-1931); radio dealer (Clayfield, 1936-1937); radio operator (Flying boat base, Karumba, 1943) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GOLDIE''===

* [[/Alexander Thomas Goldie|Goldie, Alexander Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5XH-49P] - 1915(Vic)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2TG Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1934-1938); 2TG Wellington (1939); 2TG Orange (1946-1948); 2TG Casino (1950); 2TG Bellingen (1954-1958); 2TG Sydney (Bardwell Park, 1960-1969; Lugarno, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1338, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Maryvale, NSW, 1936-1937; Orange, NSW, 1943; Mummulgum, NSW, 1949; Bellingen, NSW, 1954-1958); school teacher (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1963-1968); school principal (Lugarno, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GOLDSMITH''===

* [[/Frank Herbert Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Frank Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93SX-QL8] - 1895(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6FG Perth (Nedlands Park, 1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 377, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio journalist - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Perth, 1917); journalist (Bunbury, 1921-1922; Nedlands, 1925-1949; Roleystone, 1954-1958); retired (Rossmoyne, 1968-1972)

* [[/Gordon William Goldsmith|Goldsmith, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWR-BKR] - 1914(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5HM Cowandilla (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1629, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laborer (Cowandilla, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GOLDSWORTHY''===

* [[/William John Goldsworthy|Goldsworthy, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4D7-C24] - 1910(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (Valley, 1934-1939); 4WA Rockhampton (1947-1948)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1341, 1934, Qld; 2COCP 1112, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Valley, Qld, 1934-1943); aeradio operator (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

===''GOLLEY''===

* [[/Jasper Claude Golley|Golley, Jasper Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGK-S1F] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5JX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1937; Glengowrie, 1938-1939; Seacliff, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1522, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Glengowrie, SA, 1939-1941; Seacliff, SA, 1943)

===''GOOD''===

* [[/Edward Joseph Good|Good, Edward Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMS7-P78] - 1864(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Glenrowan (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Taminick, 1903); traveller (Taminick, 1909-1930)

===''GOODE''===

* [[/Arthur Russell Goode|Goode, Arthur Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHW-MYY] - 1889(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XLK Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD (telegraphist, Central Office, Melbourne, 1903-1921); Listener-In (journalist; editor); author several books - Relationships: grandfather of 3BDL Michael Goode - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Brunswick, Vic, 1912; Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1915-1927); journalist (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937; Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1967)

* [[/Michael Goode|Goode, Michael]] - Licences: 3ZYY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1969+); 3BDL Melbourne - Qualifications: Not for publication - amateur operator; historian (amateur radio, 5 metres, QSL cards) - Relationships: Grandson of XLK Arthur Russell Goode - Electoral Rolls: Not for publication

* [[/William Alban Donald Goode|Goode, William Alban Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82P-7VB] - 1902(NSW)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 713, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GOODWIN''===

* [[/Ernest Frederick William Goodwin|Goodwin, Ernest Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDJP-XMY] - 1893(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XNE Melbourne (Essendon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: driller (Essendon, Vic, 1914-1917); iron dealer (Abbotsford, Vic, 1922-1954)

===''GORDON''===

* [[/Donald Robert Gordon|Gordon, Donald Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FY-T6W] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2428, 1940, Vic; BOCP 690, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Melbourne West, Vic, 1934-1937; Melbourne, Vic, 1943; Coburg, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''GORMAN''===

* [[/Clarence Arthur Gorman|Gorman, Clarence Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLZ-X8H] - 1895(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XCG Sydney (Oatley, 1913-1914); 2EC Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922); 2EC Sydney (Arncliffe, 1923-1925); 2CG Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1929); designated operator 2UI Illawarra Radio Club (Kogarah, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 222, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: NSW winner 1923 Trans-Pacific Tests - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Rockdale, 1930-1931; Kogarah, 1932-1943; Hargrave Park, 1949; Villawood, 1954-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCG-2EC-2CG - Clarence Arthur Gorman&quot;

===''GOSNELL''===

* [[/Ronald Mervyn Gosnell|Gosnell, Ronald Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6J1-RJR] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2PG Sydney (Haberfield, 1933-1937; North Bondi, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1114, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engraver (Haberfield, NSW, 1933-1937; Bondi, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''GOSTELOW''===

* [[/Alfred Victor Gostelow|Gostelow, Alfred Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVQ-PCX] - 1897(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XABD Dorrigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Uralla, 1930-1936; Scone, 1937-1949; Terrigal, 1954-1968); retired (Terrigal, 1972)

===''GOTTING''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Benjamin Gotting|Gotting, Herbert Edward Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLY-HLD] - 1889(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: N760 Receive Braemar (1922); 2ID Receive Braemar (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Braemar, 1930); electrician (Mittagong, 1936-1937); engineer (Mittagong, 1949-1963)

===''GOUGH''===

* [[/Leslie Albert Gough|Gough, Leslie Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-W3K] - 1919(Wales)-1982(Italy) - Licences: 3ZH Melbourne (Templestowe, 1947-1948; Warrandyte, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2156, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Templestowe, Vic, 1949); sales (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Neil Anthony James Gough|Gough, Neil Anthony James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G318-9NB] - 1908(NZ)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2NG Sydney (North Manly, 1932-1939; Queenscliffe, 1946; Gladesville, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 916, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1958); newspaper representative (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963; Elanora, NSW, 1968); representative (Elanora, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GOVAN''===

* [[/Walter Neville Govan|Govan, Walter Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2XF-YDT] - 1905(Vic)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5WG Port Pirie (1934-1939); 5WG Crystal Brook (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1273, 1934, SA; BOCP 40, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lead burner (Port Pirie, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1943)

===''GOVER''===

* [[/Selwyn Harry James Gover|Gover, Selwyn Harry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-D2L] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Nundah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 789, 1923; 2COCP 43, 1929; 1COCP 249, 1939 - amateur receiver; ship wireless officer - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Annerley, Qld, 1925); marine radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''GOW''===

* [[/Gelston Stewart Gow|Gow, Gelston Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7HP-61D] - 1895(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XBW Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2GG Sydney (City, 1928-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 411, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter, amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); electrician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1943); manufacturer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954-1972)

===''GOWERS''===

* [[/Frederick William Deasey Gowers|Gowers, Frederick William Deasey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMM-J5C] - 1892(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XJI Seymour (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 154, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (junior wireless officer Warialda); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: letter carrier (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1916); postal assistant (Alexandra, Vic, 1919-1921; Yarrawonga, Vic, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Sandringham, Vic, 1926-1937); postmaster (Mt Macedon, Vic, 1942-1949; Hampton, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''GOWLETT''===

* [[/Frank Nelson James Gowlett|Gowlett, Frank Nelson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G619-PYV] - 1891(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 163, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Townsville, 1925); wireless operator (Maroubra, 1930-1931); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1934-1937; Cooktown, 1943-1949; Maroubra, 1949); radio officer (Maroubra, 1958-1963)

===''GOYDER''===

* [[/Cecil William Goyder|Goyder, Cecil William]] - about 1906(Eng)-1980(NJ, USA) - G2SZ England, amateur operator [http://www.clement-jones.com/ps03/ps03_313.html]

===''GOYEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael James Goyen|Goyen, Francis Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRT-VTQ] - 1905(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2UX Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939; Newtown, 1946; Waverley, 1947-1955; Randwick, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 731, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Epping, NSW, 1933-1937); soldier (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); secretary (Waverley, NSW, 1954); accountant (Bieler Park, NSW, 1958)

===''GRAF''===

* [[/Raymond George Graf|Graf, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYM3-JPC] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1934-1939; Newport, 1947-1948; Ringwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1241, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1942); clerk (Newport, Vic, 1949; Ringwood, Vic, 1954-1972); retired (Wye River, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''GRAHAM''===

* [[/Donald Ernest Graham|Graham, Donald Ernest &quot;Don&quot;]] - 1933(WA)-2012(WA) - 6HK Perth (Mount Hawthorn, 1954-1956; Wembley Downs, 1960-1980+) - amateur operator (AOCP 3162, 1951, No. ?? in WA) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC), DoC / DoTaC (WA State Broadcasting Engineer) - a good life, well lived [https://stephbg.livejournal.com/669733.html]

* [[/James Alexander Graham|Graham, James Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G979-6RF] - 1905(Sct)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4JQ Brisbane (Ekibin, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2058, 1937, Qld; 1COCP 510, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Ekibin, Qld, 1937-1954)

* [[/Keith William Graham|Graham, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM5-B17] - 1920(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AKG Sydney (Croydon, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2115, 1938, NSW; BOCP 2194, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Blackhalls, NSW, 1943); university student (Ashfield, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Ashfield, NSW, 1954-1968; Canterbury, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Denton Graham|Graham, William Denton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGS-KB5] - 1895(Tas)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2RR Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2WG Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: AOCP 227, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); process worker (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); iron worker (Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1968); machinist (Rockdale, NSW, 1977); retired (Liverpool, NSW, 1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2RR-2WG - William Denton Graham&quot;

* [[/William Thompson Graham|Graham, William Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR1-SL3] - 1902(Sct)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 7BV Receive St Mary's (1923); Receive St Mary's (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (St Mary's, 1925-1954);

===''GRANT''===

* [[/Allan Clyde Grant|Grant, Allan Clyde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBK3-CGX] - 1914(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2141, 1938, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); airman (Preston, Vic, 1954; Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968; Strathmore, Vic, 1972); technical officer (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Grant|Grant, Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-TT9] - 1890(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Macksville (1923); 2KW Macksville (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 320, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Marr's Creek, NSW, 1913-1963); retired (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/Colin John Rawle Grant|Grant, Colin John Rawle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-BXF] - 1902(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4JG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 310, 1926, No. 32 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; accountant - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wooloowin, 1925-1934); security officer (Eagle Junction, 1936); auditor (West Nundah, 1937); retired (Southport, 1968-1980)

* [[/James Grant|Grant, James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DP Newcastle (Stockton, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 555, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stockton, NSW, 1930)

* [[/William Patrick Grant|Grant, William Patrick &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZJ-YJC] - 1917(Ireland)-19??(Ireland) - Licences: 4WU Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1801, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 269, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; air controller (Shannon Airport) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRANTHAM''===

* [[/Sidney Richard Grantham|Grantham, Sidney Richard &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ6-B8S] - 1920(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4SG Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1946-1956); 4SG Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1960; Hendra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2083, 1938, Qld; 1COCP 927, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, IREE, RFDS council); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); federal public servant (DCA, Aeradio; PMGD/DoC, radio inspector); broadcast technician (4GR) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Yerongpilly, Qld, 1943); broadcast engineer (Harristown, Qld, 1949); engineer (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); radio inspector (Hendra, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''GRANVILLE''===

* [[/Florence Violet Granville|Granville (nee) / Wallace / McKenzie, Florence Violet &quot;Violet&quot;, &quot;Mrs Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-ZWS] - 1890(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2GA Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922-1924); Valve Receive Sydney (Greenwich, 1923); 2GA Sydney (CBD, 1924; Greenwich, 1925-1939); 2FV Sydney (Sydney, 1946-1950; Circular Quay, 1954; Greenwich, 1955-1958); 2GA Sydney (Greenwich, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 109, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AIR3 847, 1946; COCP3 559, 1947 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer; business proprietor; signals instructor - Electoral Rolls: not stated (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1963; Greenwich, NSW, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2GA-2FV - Florence Violet Granville&quot; - Links: [[w:Florence_Violet_McKenzie|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mckenzie-florence-violet-15485 ADB]; [https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/mckenzie_violet Dictionary of Sydney]; [https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/hindsight/signals-currents-and-wires-the-untold-story-of/3287402 ABC]

===''GRAY''===

* [[/A. J. Gray|Gray, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/A. H. Gray|Gray, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9BA Bulolo, New Guinea (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Albert Howell Gray|Gray, Albert Howell &quot;Dave&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXM-J83] - 1907(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2IJ Receive Sydney (Killara, 1922); 2IJ Sydney (Killara, 1923-1939, 1946-1969; Whale Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 90, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Killara, 1930-1936); engineer (Killara, 1937-1968; Whale Beach, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2IJ-2AG-2APV - Albert Howell Gray&quot; Fix

* [[/Andrew Harold Gray|Gray, Andrew Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT1M-XMN] - 1903(Qld)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AG Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1938; Lane Cove, 1939); 2APV Sydney (McMahons Point, 1954; Strathfield, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1137, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 113, 1930; COCP1 54, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Oxley, Qld, 1925-1926); wireless operator (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1933; McMahons Point, NSW, 1936-1937); radio instructor (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Umina, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Frank Malcolm Gray|Gray, Frank Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBV-5XS] - 1910(SA)-2011(Qld)100yo - Licences: 5MU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1932-1933); 5SU Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1937-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1017, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 5MU possibly withdrawn for 5MU Murray Bridge - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Toorak Gardens, 1939)

* [[/George Gray|Gray, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8W-1CD] - 1906(???)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2XG Sydney (Mosman, 1931-1934; Pymble, 1935-1936; Turramurra, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 796, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Turramurra, NSW, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Henry Boulderson Gray|Gray, George Henry Boulderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTTN-WVM] - 1912(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JP Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1796, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot, Qld, 1936-1943); sound engineer (Ascot, Qld, 1949-1980)

* [[/Henry Ramsay Gray|Gray, Henry Ramsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWN-TND] - 1896(Sct)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AFA Teralba (1936-1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1833, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: miner (Teralba, NSW, 1930-1949); serviceman (Teralba, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Teralba, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John Thompson Gray|Gray, John Thompson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZ2-RMT] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 3TJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1457, 1935, Vic; COCP1 203, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1937); postal employee (Brunswick, Vic, 1949); teacher (Springvale North, Vic, 1968); mathematician (Brunswick, Vic, 1972; Box Hill South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Thomas Alexander Gray|Gray, Thomas Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLH-44L] - 1900(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KM Sydney (Manly, 1932-1934); 2KX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939, 1946-1958; Fairlight, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1029, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2KM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KM Kempsey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Manly, NSW, 1930); agent (Manly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Manly, 1937-1943); turner machinist (Manly, 1949-1954; Balgowlah, NSW, 1958-1968); machinist (Balgowlah, NSW, 1972; Fairlight, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRAYDON''===

* [[/John Frederick Graydon|Graydon, John Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2S-R8H] - 1909(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIS Sydney (Lindfield, 1937-1939; Pymble, 1947; Killara, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2008, 1937, NSW; TVOCP 475, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1931; Artarmon, NSW, 1934; Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (RAAF, Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); broadcast technician (Killara, NSW, 1949-1968); broadcast (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''GREAM''===

* [[/Robert Lewis Campbell Gream|Gream, Robert Lewis Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRFL-Y1J] - 1902(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AFP Casino South (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AFP Casino (1948-1950); 2AFP Byron Bay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1853, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Armidale, NSW, 1930; Casino, NSW, 1930-1943); no occupation (Casino, NSW, 1949; Byron Bay, NSW, 1954); electrician (Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GREEN''===

* [[/Albert Ernest Green|Green, Albert Ernest]] - 1869(Vic)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State &amp; Federal politician; Postmaster-General (1931-1932) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Albert Green (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Barrie Harbron Green|Green, Barrie Harbron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GW-P76] - 1917(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2IX Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Waverton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1424, 1935, NSW; BOCP 564, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herman Rowland Green|Green, Herman Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-LGY] - 1915(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5OJ Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1679, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Green|Green, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Yeronga, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Kendale Lawrence Green|Green, Kendale Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4S-NZD] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3KG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1939; North Balwyn, 1947-1956; Montmorency, 1960; Greensborough, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 881, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 467, 1942  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1935-1937); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); sales (Balwyn, Vic, 1949); teacher (Canterbury, Vic, 1954; Montmorency, Vic, 1963-1967; Greensborough, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Ronald Aylmer Green|Green, Ronald Aylmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GH-Z5S] - 1910(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Sydney (Rockdale, 1935-1936; Mosman, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1568, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: university student (Rockdale, NSW, 1932-1933); medical practitioner (University of Sydney, King, NSW, 1935; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Walter William Green|Green, Walter William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB7-R87] - 1911(WA)-2012(WA) - Licences: 6WG Albany (1936-1937); 6WG Wiluna (1937-1939); 6WG Albany (1947-1960); 6WG Derby (1965); 6WG Norseman (1969); 6WG Albany (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1676, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936); fitter (Albany, WA, 1958-1963); plant inspector (Norseman, WA, 1968); mechanic (Albany, WA, 1972-1980)

===''GREENHALGH''===

* [[/John Thomas Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, John Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3X-4R8] - 1907(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ADF Sydney (Penrith, 1939, 1946-1947; St Marys, 1948-1950; Penrith, 1954-1965); 2ADF Eugowra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 230, 1932; AOCP 2397, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KG Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: drover (Granville, NSW, 1930-1934); carpenter (Eugowra, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Mayfield, NSW, 1937); carpenter (Rooty Hill, NSW, 1949; Penrith, NSW, 1954-1963); radio technician (Eugowra, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Neal Greenhalgh|Greenhalgh, Kenneth Neal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-NGD] - 1909(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2KG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1929-1930; Rooty Hill, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Mayfield West, 1934-1939; New Lambton, 1946-1956; Adamstown Heights, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 550, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 73, 1932; 1COCP 839, 1944; TVOCP 18, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Relationships: Brother of 2ADF John Thomas Greenhalgh - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Hamilton, 1930); broadcasting engineer (2KO Sandgate, 1933); engineer (Mayfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (New Lambton, 1943-1954; Adamstown, 1958-1968; Adamstown Heights, 1977-1980)

===''GREENHAM''===

* [[/Arnold John Greenham|Greenham, Arnold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH9-QQS] - 1907(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4EE Receive Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1923); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933); 4AG Gympie (1934); 4AG Innisfail (1937-1939); 4AG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1946-1948); 4AG Caloundra (1954-1956); 4AG Brisbane (Kallangur, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1040, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 807, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; bank employee (NAB) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Gympie, 1936; Innisfail, 1937; South Brisbane, 1943-1949); not stated (Caloundra, 1954-1958); retired (Kallangur, 1963-1972)

* [[/Desmond Albert Greenham|Greenham, Desmond Albert &quot;Des&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-Q4N] - 1922(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CO Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947-1948); 3CO Seymour (1954-1980+); 3ACO Portable Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1948); 3ACO Portable Seymour (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2416, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3VPG Margaret Sheila Greenham nee Burrows - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); public servant (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Margaret Sheila Greenham|Greenham, Margaret Sheila &quot;Peggy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7B3-H7V] - 1924(Eng)-2014(Qld)90yo - Licences: 3VPG Seymour (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP V01083, 1980 - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Wife of 3CO-3ACO Desmond Albert Greenham - Electoral Rolls: telephoniste (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); home duties (Seymour, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''GREENHILL''===

* [[/George Alexander Greenhill|Greenhill, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT3K-GWN] - 1904(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LE Brisbane (West End, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1348, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1925); ceiling fixer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928); cleaner (West End, Qld, 1937; Archerfield, Qld, 1943); steward (Wilston, Qld, 1949); metal finisher (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); barman (Kirra, Qld, 1958); caretaker (Caloundra, Qld, 1963); cleaner (Woorim, Qld, 1968)

===''GREGORY''===

* [[/A. Gregory|Gregory, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAED Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: Not yet identified, possibly Alyn Keith Gregory, bank officer, Bellevue Hill, 1930-1939

* [[/Augustus Francis Woodward Gregory|Gregory, Augustus Francis Woodward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LQ53-GB3] - 1898(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2254, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Pettys Hotel, Darling Harbour, NSW, 1930); aviator (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1932; Nithsdale, NSW, 1933); F. C. O. (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1943); grazier (Tuross via Cooma, NSW, 1949-1968; Nimmitabel, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Clyde Francis Burnell Gregory|Gregory, Clyde Francis Burnell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS34-5MV] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Receive Emu Park (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1937); fisherman (Yeppoon, Qld, 1943-1949); taxi driver (Maryborough, Qld, 1958); taxi proprietor (Nelly Bay, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Harold Rigby Gregory|Gregory, Harold Rigby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2C9-CDX] - 1900(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2ED Receive Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1922); 2ED Sydney (Abbotsford Pt, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1930); inspector (Roseville, 1931-1936); insurance inspector (Roseville, 1937); manager (Newcastle, 1943-1954); insurance manager (Merewether, 1958-1972)

* [[/Robert William Gregory|Gregory, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FW-QFJ] - 1907(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5GU Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1438, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kadina, SA, 1939); police officer (Lobethal, SA, 1941-1943)

===''GRENNAN''===

* [[/George Patrick Grennan|Grennan, George Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K5-774] - 1906(???)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2AHD Sydney (Paddington, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1250, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930-1935); accountant (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1943-1954); clerk (Centennial Park, NSW, 1958; Kensington, NSW, 1963-1977)

===''GREY''===

* See also GRAY

* [[/Albert Edward Grey|Grey, Albert Edward &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDK5-374] - 1897(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6BO Perth (Nedlands, 1925-1932); 6BO Carnarvon (1933); 6AA Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; RTCP 532, 1920, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP 35, 1934; TVOCP 278 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo PMGD); PMGD (postal assistant, Leederville,1919); WW1; RAAF (WW2, radar systems) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1925; Nedlands, 1925-1931); radio inspector (Nedlands, 1936-1972); retired (Nedlands, 1977-1980)

* [[/Elton Edward Grey|Grey, Elton Edward or Edward Elton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWPL-PQ5] - 1920(Qld)-1962(WA) - Licences: 4LX Brisbane (Ascot, 1936-1939); 6ZX Perth (West Perth, 1948); 6ZX Northam (1954-1955); 6ZX Perth (Leederville, 1956; Floreat Park, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1689, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (West Perth, WA, 1943); bank clerk (West Perth, WA, 1949); bank officer (Wagin, WA, 1949; Northam, WA, 1954; Floreat Park, WA, 1958)

* [[/James Leonard Grey|Grey, James Leonard &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZV-ZY5] - 1915(Sct)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4LN Brisbane (Norman Park, 1937-1938); 2AKO Sydney (Vaucluse, 1939; Pymble, 1946-1961; St Ives, 1965-1969; Neutral Bay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 184, 1934; 2COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF); pilot (RQAC, QANTAS) - Electoral Rolls: aviator (Norman Park, Qld, 1936-1937); airline captain (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''GRIBBLE''===

* [[/Arthur James Gribble|Gribble, Arthur James]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1, VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Comment: only one reference found, likely misspelling; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GRIEVE''===

* [[/Ian Grieve|Grieve, Ian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcast); proprietor of Australian Old Time Radio website - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://www.australianotr.com.au/ OTR]

===''GRIFFIN''===

* [[/Ian Leslie Griffin|Griffin, Ian Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWJ-C4W] - 1921(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IJ Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1947); 5IJ Adelaide (Magill, 1948); 7VS Cornwall (1955); 3VS Melbourne (Bayswater, 1956; Auburn, 1960; Box Hill, 1965; Reservoir, 1969; Burnley, 1975); 5VO Adelaide (Linden Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2173, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Coburg, Vic, 1954); salvation army officer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1958; The Basin, Vic, 1963); no occupation (Reservoir, Vic, 1967-1968); minister (Burnley, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Thomas Neville Griffin|Griffin, Thomas Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C4-RJ2] - 1889(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2LQ Sydney (Hornsby, 1929-1936); 2AIR Sydney (Northbridge, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 505, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hornsby, 1930-1934); electrical engineer (Artarmon, 1936; Willoughby, 1937; Hornsby, 1943-1949)

===''GRIFFEN-FOLEY''===

* [[/Bridget Griffen-Foley|Griffen-Foley, Bridget]] - historian (broadcasting) - Professor, Department of Media, Communications, Creative Arts, Language and Literature, Macquarie University - author &quot;Changing Stations: The Story of Australian Commercial Radio&quot; &amp; numerous professional articles

===''GRIFFITHS''===

* [[/Harry Thomas William Griffiths|Griffiths, Harry Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C3-C8Y] - 1910(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2FO Sydney (Five Dock, 1933-1938; North Strathfield, 1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1107, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: knitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1937); assistant (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1949); supervisor (Concord, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Leslie Arthur Griffiths|Griffiths, Leslie Arthur &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZK-81V] - 1909(Qld)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4LZ Toowoomba (1938-1939, 1947-1956) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, signaller); cine assistant (Empire Theatre) - Halcyon: AOCP Toowoomba 1938 - Electoral Rolls: assistant projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1931-1937); biograph projectionist (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954; Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); projectionist (Toowoomba West, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''GRIGG''===

* [[/Haydn Errol Grigg|Grigg, Haydn Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BV-N98] - 1899(???)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2AS Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922); 2AS Sydney (Mosman, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, 1935; Edgecliff, 1935-1949; Double Bay, 1954-1968)

===''GRIME''===

* [[/Stanley McKenzie Grime|Grime, Stanley McKenzie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWXR-C9W] - 1888(NSW)-1935(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - assistant manager AWA - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article169393111 Bio]

===''GRIMES''===

* [[/Benjamin Douglas Grimes|Grimes, Benjamin Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8B-D6J] - 1901(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Annerley, 1923-1924); 4BD Brisbane (Annerley, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 278, 1926, No. 23 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool classer (Tarragindi, 1925-1937); share dealer (New Farm, 1943); farmer (Cleveland, 1949-1958); retired (Corinda, 1968-1980)

===''GRIMMETT''===

* [[/Stanley Urbane Grimmett|Grimmett, Stanley Urbane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L447-3MW] - 1905(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Newcastle (Hamilton, 1930-1937); 2ZW Sydney (Bankstown, 1938-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1960; Vaucluse, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 667, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Hamilton, 1930-1937; Strathfield, 1949-1958); Vaucluse, 1963)

===''GRIMSLEY''===

* [[/Stephen William Grimsley|Grimsley, Stephen William &quot;Steve&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHR-RBG] -  - Licences: 3ASG Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947-1948); 2VK Tweed Heads (1954-1961); 4VK Beechmont (1960-1969); 1VK Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1965-1969; Holt, 1980+)) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 407, 1941; 1AOCP 4, 1946, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); police constable (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Tweed Heads, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Observatory, Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1968); electrical engineer (Mawson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Holt, ACT, 1980)

===''GRIMWOOD''===

* [[/Percy Lucien Grimwood|Grimwood, Percy Lucien]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2B2-BKH] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XIX Holbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Germanton/Holbrook, NSW, 1913); retired (Bundanoon, NSW, 1930-1943); farmer (Exeter, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''GRIVELL''===

* [[/John Grivell|Grivell, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC43-NGM] - 1901(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5BK Yorketown (1930-1933); 5BK Gladstone (1937); 5BK Crystal Brook (1938-1939); 5BK Gawler (1946-1947); 5BK Magill (1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 609, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (5CK Crystal Brook, 1939-1941); telephone mechanic (Gawler, 1943)

===''GROGAN''===

* [[/Arnold William Grogan|Grogan, Arnold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-87B] - 1915(WA)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6EI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1936-1939; City, 1947); 6EI Carnarvon (1948); 6EI Perth (Leederville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1759, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1943); public servant (Cottesloe, WA, 1949); civil servant (Leederville, WA, 1954-1980)

===''GRONOW''===

* [[/William Rees Gronow|Gronow, William Rees]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVM-KFV] - 1908(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Receive Melbourne (City, 1922-1924); 3WG Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1925-1933; Malvern East, 1937; Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1948-1960; Brighton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 178, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1954); managing director (Brighton, Vic, 1963); director (Brighton, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''GROOM''===

* [[/Harry Pendleton Groom|Groom, Harry Pendleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W7-6LZ] - 1916(Tas)-1988(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1207, 1933, Tas; AOLCP 146, 1934; COCP2 10, 1934; COCP1 32, 1934 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); office assistant (Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''GROSCH''===

* [[/Horace Grosch|Grosch, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D6-R29] - 1902(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1405, 1934, NSW; COCP3 229, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lineman (Tumut, NSW, 1930); electrician (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Grafton, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Corowa, NSW, 1949-1972)

===''GROVE''===

* [[/Henry Grove|Grove, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-97B] - 1897(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: N746 Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922); 2HZ Receive Sydney (Enmore, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 575, 1920 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Castle Hill, 1930); poultry farmer (Peakhurst, 1933-1949); retired (Burwood, 1963-1972)

===''GROVES''===

* [[/George William Groves|Groves, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY33-7RJ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1934-1937; Armadale, 1938-1939); 7XL Devonport (1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1324, 1934, Vic; COCP2 811, 1944; COCP1 830, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Devonport, Tas, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937; Devonport, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''GROWDEN''===

* [[/George Norman Wills Growden|Growden, George Norman Wills &quot;Norman&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9C6-15M] - 1913(Vic)-1984(SA) - Licences: 5YM Gladstone (1937-1939); 5YM Wedge Island via Port Lincoln (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1945, 1937, SA; BOCP 145, 1938; 2COCP 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gladstone, SA, 1939-1943); wireless operator (RAAF Station, Pearce, WA, 1943)

===''GRUBB''===

* [[/Jack Bathurst Grubb|Grubb, Jack Bathurst]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVL-3QR] - 1919(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3IZ Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1948); 4IZ Brisbane (Woody Point, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2283, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Red Hill South, Vic, 1949; Main Ridge, Vic, 1954); manager (Roches Hotel, Grafton, NSW, 1963); retired (Woody Point, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/William John Grubb|Grubb, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6WK-K6N] - 1907(Qld)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 4DI Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1931); concrete labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1963); retired (Finch Hatton, 1968)

===''GRUMMITT''===

* [[/Gilbert Frederick Grummitt|Grummitt, Gilbert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-FFD] - 1906(Qld)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4BS Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1929-1933; Hamilton, 1937-1939; Bulimba, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 531, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: welder (Fortitude Valley, 1928-1934; Hamilton, 1936-1937); boilermaker (Bulimba, 1949-1958)

===''GRUNDY''===

* [[/Robert Hill Grundy|Grundy, Robert Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP7-F78] - 1915(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5BG Murray Bridge (1937-1939, 1947-1948); 5BG Crystal Brook (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2010, 1937, SA; BOCP 175, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''GUE''===

* [[/John Gue|Gue, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DG-1CD] - 1918(NSW)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2GG Sydney (Waverley, 1934-1935; Charing Cross, 1936; Lindfield, 1937); 4DD Cloncurry (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1401, 1934, NSW; COCP2 516, 1941; COCP1 591, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1949; South Brisbane, Qld, 1949; Acacia Ridge, Qld, 1954-1958); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1963; Bardon, Qld, 1963); operations officer (Bardon, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''GUEST''===

* [[/Edgar Leopold Gordon Guest|Guest, Edgar Leopold Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZD-7DL] - 1904(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3GG Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Toorak, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1925-1931); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); director (Toorak, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''GUILDFORD''===

* [[/Alfred Guildford|Guildford, Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-5BG] - 19??(Eng)-1960(Qld) - Licences: 4AP Brisbane (Herston, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Sandgate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1342, 1934, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, publicity officer) - Electoral Rolls: advertisement writer (West End, Qld, 1934); copy writer (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1949)

===''GUNDERSON''===

* [[/Thor Odin Gundersen|Gundersen (BDM) or Gunderson (Census), Thor Odin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHL8-F2W] - 1895(NZ)-1986(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 242, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Bondi, 1930-1931); radio officer (ss Fiona, 1943)

===''GUNN''===

* [[/Kenneth Campbell Gunn|Gunn, Kenneth Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-X18] - 1911(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LG Laidley (1932-1937); 4LD Laidley (1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 884, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ) - Callsigns: 4LG likely withdrawn for 4LG Longreach - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Laidley, Qld, 1937-1972)

===''GUNTER''===

* [[/Norman Eliot Gunter|Gunter, Norman Eliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WR-5VB] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 3NG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 593, 1930, Vic; 2COCP 372, 1932; 1COCP 51, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (merchant navy, wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Caulfield, 1935; Hawthorn, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1428541 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''GURNER''===

* [[/Reginald Carlisle Gurner|Gurner, Reginald Carlisle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8S8] - 1905(SA)-1975(SA) - 5CZ Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923); 5RG Adelaide (New Parkside, 1923-1928; Linden Park Gardens, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 31, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Linden Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

===''GURR''===

* [[/Alan Frederick Gurr|Gurr, Alan Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GM-KJV] - 1904(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AG Geelong East (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geelong, 1926-1928; Belmont, 1931-1972)

* [[/George Henry Gurr|Gurr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L46K-DBB] - 1896(SA)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 5GO Adelaide (Parafield, 1933); 3QH Melbourne (Stanmore, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1142, 1933, SA; 3COCP 185, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Parkville, Vic, 1926); ground engineer (Essendon, Vic, 1928); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''GUTTERIDGE''===

* [[/Reginald Frank Gutteridge|Gutteridge, Reginald Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNYP-KSN] - 1886(Tas)-1942(WA) - Licences: V759 Receive (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm manager (Marnoo, Vic, 1921); electrical engineer (Rupanyup, 1924-1927)

=='''H'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''HACKNEY''===

* [[/Allan John Hackney|Hackney, Allan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBGR-T3F] - 1912(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2LB Young (1932-1934); 2LB Cootamundra (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 917, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 153, 1934; COCP3 228, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cootamundra, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); electrical fitter (Corrimal, NSW, 1949); engineering assistant (Petersham North, NSW, 1949-1963); grazier (Dungowan, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''HADLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Lionel Trimble Hadley|Hadley, Arthur Lionel Trimble &quot;Doc&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7ZX-G9Y] - 1900(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4AH Brisbane (Clifton Hill, 1930-1933; Dutton Park, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 636, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1, federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Taringa, 1921); salesman (Toowong, 1922-1925); motor assembler (Yeronga, 1929); radio mechanic (South Brisbane, 1937); technician (Annerley, 1949-1958); retired (Inala, 1958; Seven Hills, 1963)

* [[/C. Hadley|Hadley, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Mayfield, 1934); 2MT Wollongong (1946) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HADLOW''===

* [[/Martin Lindsay Hadlow|Hadlow, Martin Lindsay]] - 19??(???)-Living  - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified  - radio clubs (NZDXRL, ARDXC, DXA); early wireless and broadcasting historian (Ph.D. Thesis) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ_411422/s40842756_phd_thesis.pdf?Wireless and Empire Ambition]

===''HAGARTY''===

* [[/Neville Douglas Hagarty|Hagarty, Neville Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G38J-GBJ] - 1907(Qld)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster (on 4WH); radio club participant; business proprietor; pilot; federal public servant (DCA) - Relationships: brother of 4WH William Edward Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: woodworker (Hospital Hill, 1930)

* [[/William Edward Hagarty|Hagarty, William Edward &quot;Edward / Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G384-TL3] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4WH Longreach (1925-1939); 4WH Townsville (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 172, 1925, No. 16 in Qld; 2COCP 271, 1939; 1COCP 309, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; engineer; postal employee (PMG); federal public servant (PMG) - Relationships: brother of Neville Douglas Hagarty - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Longreach, 1930-1937); aeradio operator (Longreach, 1943); officer commanding aeradio station (Townsville, 1949-1954); communications officer (Townsville, 1958-1963; Mysterton, 1968) - Trovetag: &quot;4WH - William Edward Hagarty&quot;

===''HAI''===

* [[/Pham Nhu Hai|Hai, Pham Nhu &quot;Hai&quot;]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Director Broadcasting ITU-R - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

===''HAIGH''===

* [[/Bartin Robert Alfred Read Haigh|Haigh, Bartin Robert Alfred Read]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-J8B] - 1854(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: N752 Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922); 2IA Receive Sydney (Ashfield, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, 1930); poultry farmer (Seven Hills, 1933)

===''HAILSTONE''===

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Hailstone|Hailstone, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RX-HNS] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2HI Sydney (Mosman, 1932-1936); 2FQ Sydney (Seaforth, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1050, 1932, NSW; COCP2 28, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Mosman, NSW, 1943); no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963; Seaforth, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''HAINES''===

* [[/Claude Lewis Harrison Haines|Haines, Claude Lewis Harrison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-8F6] - 1906(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5CH Millicent (1933-1937); 3QM Geelong (Belmont, 1938-1939); 5CH Mt Gambier (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1118, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Belmont, Vic, 1937); engine driver (Mt Gambier, SA, 1941-1943)

===''HAINING''===

* [[/Robert James Haining|Haining, Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQBG-N6D] - 1911(Eng)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2AMQ Sydney (Manly, 1939; Annandale, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947; Auburn, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2319, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1935-1937); soldier (Manly, NSW, 1943); storeman &amp; packer (Auburn, NSW, 1954-1963); storeman (Auburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAINSWORTH''===

* [[/Percy Taylor Hainsworth|Hainsworth, Percy Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-6DR] - 1902(???)-1965(SA) - Licences: 2PK Sydney (Haberfield, 1935-1936; Penrith, 1937-1938); 2AGK Sydney (Penrith, 1938-1939, Hurstville, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Haberfield, NSW, 1935); electrical fitter (Croydon, NSW, 1936); electrical engineer (Penrith, NSW, 1937)

===''HALE''===

* [[/Carl William Millar Hale|Hale, Carl William Millar &quot;William&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VR-TPL] - 1901(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3GH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922-1923); 3GH Anglesea (1924-1931+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 120, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, 1924); architect (Hawthorn, 1958-1968; Malvern, 1977-1980)

* [[/Douglas Edgar Hale|Hale, Douglas Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKV4-QR2] - 1916(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DE Buninyong (1936-1939); 3DE Traralgon (1947-1948); 3DE Morwell (1954-1956); 3DE Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1703, 1936, Vic; BOCP 173, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Buninyong, Vic, 1937); engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942; Traralgon, Vic, 1949; Morwell, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963); consulting engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HALL''===

* [[/Charles Hall|Hall, Charles]] - 1910(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RR Melbourne (Thornbury, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1648, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous CHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey Aitken Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Aitken]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCGR-XKY] - 1901(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely utilised 5KN Point Cook licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 327, 1927, Vic; AIR2 2, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Malvern, Vic, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954-1967); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Geoffrey Lovett Hall|Hall, Geoffrey Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDB-ZD3] - 1895(Tas)-1972(Tas) - Licences: Receive Waddamanna (1923-1924); 7GH Waddamanna (1925-1931+); 7GH Hobart (1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 137, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 85, 1937 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Waddamana, 1928); engineer (New Town, 1936-1949)

* [[/Graham George Hall|Hall, Graham George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HN-Z89] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Eng) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931; Hawthorn, 1933); 2AGH Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Strathfield, 1938-1939; Hurstville, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 482, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Auburn, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Abbotsford, 1937); engineer (Hurstville, 1949-1954; South Hurstville, 1958-1968)

* [[/Reginald Allen Hall|Hall, Reginald Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 539, 1929, ??? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/R. F. Hall|Hall, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3FH Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3FH Melbourne (Toorak, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor Edward Hall|Hall, Victor Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3DJ-ZMK] - 1915(NZ)-2019(Qld)103yo - Licences: 2AKL Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 139, 1938; AIR1 1, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: retired (Brackenridge, Qld, 1980)

* [[/William Hall|Hall, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB1-SF7] - 1913(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIW Coonamble (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2068, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHs; Individual not fully identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/William Charles Hall|Hall, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG26-DY6] - 1912(NSW)-2018(NSW) - Licences: 2BH Abermain (1930-1933); 2XT Abermain (1934-1937); 2XT Kurri Kurri (1938-1939, 1946-1948); 2XT Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1950-1965; Toronto, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 643, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Abermain, 1935; Kurri Kurri, 1937-1943); hotel licensee (Newcastle, 1949-1963); retired (Toronto, 1972; Carey Bay, 1977-1980) - Withdrawal: 2BH amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2BH Broken Hill commercial service - Comment: Beware several contemporaneous WCH in Newcastle region

===''HALLAM''===

* [[/William Philpot Hallam|Hallam, William Philpot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97MX-Y3J] - 1859(Tas)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XZH Hobart (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; PMGD Vic + Federal - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''HALLEY''===

* [[/Thomas William Alfred Halley|Halley, Thomas William Alfred &quot;Alfred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT56-1VP] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3BX Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1932-1939, 1947-1948); 4TI Gold Coast (Chevron Island, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 888, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); builder (Mentone, Vic, 1942); carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); cattle breeder (South Kyneton, Vic, 1963-1967); builder (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Chevron Island, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''HALLIDAY''===

* [[/Eric Fred Halliday|Halliday, Eric Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC26-L5B] - 1913(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5FW Adelaide (Hectorville, 1935-1939; South Payneham, 1947-1969; Magill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1494, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Crystal Brook, 1939)

===''HALLORAN''===

* [[/Alfred Thomas Halloran|Halloran, Alfred Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3F-PL7] - 1911(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2XR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1929); 2XR Sydney (Mosman, 1930-1934; Chatswood, 1935-1938; Ashfield, 1939; Cronulla, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935); laboratory assistant (Chatswood, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1943; Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HALYDAY''===

* [[/James Guyler Halyday|Halyday, James Guyler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L246-PVH] - 1904(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 4HZ Gympie (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2287, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; Gympie ARC); military (WW2); employment (SEAQ linesman) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gympie, Qld, 1936-1943); lineman (Gympie, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HAM''===

* [[/George Wilton Ham|Ham, George Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-P28] - 1905(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Receive Brisbane (Northgate, 1923); 4GW Brisbane (Northgate, 1930-1931; Coorparoo, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 572, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; television experimenter (4CM); radio clubs (Toombul RC); employment (Chandlers) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, 1937; St Lucia, 1943-1968); retired (Jamboree Heights, 1972-1980)

* [[/Guildford Ham|Ham, Guildford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67H-W9Y] - 1906(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 101, 1937 - radio technician - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (South Brisbane, 1928-1937); radio technician (South Brisbane, 1943; Bald Hills, 1943; Annerley, 1954); technician (Wavell Heights, 1958-1963)

* [[/Thomas Edward Ham|Ham, Thomas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88F-R3P] - 1921(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4WX Brisbane (Chelmer, 1937-1939); 2AGA Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1947; Carlton, 1948-1950; Sylvannia Heights, 1954-1975); 4AGT Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2056, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sylvannia, 1954-1968); mechanic (Sylvannia, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Buderim, 1980)

===''HAMILTON''===

* [[/G. C. Hamilton|Hamilton, G. C. or C. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGH Sydney (Woollahra, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John William Ormsby Hamilton|Hamilton, John William Ormsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MG65-XRC] - 1869(Tas)-1944(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Australian representative of Pacific Radio Telegraph Co and Marconi Telegraph Co, promoted a scheme to link Aus/NZ/Pacific Islands (rejected by Aus Gov 1909), migrated to England to work for Marconi, donated Ormsby Hamilton Radio Prize in memory of his father Thomas Ormsby Hamilton - Electoral Rolls: - Links:

* [[/Joy Ruth Hamilton|Hamilton, Joy Ruth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB7J-Z3J] - 1924(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HJ Sydney (Croydon, NSW, 1948-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 199, 1947, NSW - amateur operator YL; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1963); trustee officer (Mosman, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Lionel William Hanover Hamilton|Hamilton, Lionel William Hanover]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-LJG] - 1903(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1177, 1933, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Commonwealth Bank, Innisfail, Qld, 1925; Merthyr, Qld, 1928; Nambour, Qld, 1930-1934); bank officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1936-1958)

===''HAMMER''===

* [[/William Charles Hammer|Hammer, William Charles &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPX-N2W] - 1915(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939, 1946-1975; Waverton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1571, 1935, NSW; AOLCP 267, 1935; COCP2 74, 1936; COCP1 893, 1945  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1949); public servant (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1963); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAMMOND''===

* [[/John Harold Hammond|Hammond, John Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6HP-67H] - 1875(NSW)-1932(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls: barrister-at-law (Ashfield, 1913); barrister (Killara, 1930-1932)

* [[/Herbert Bowes Hammond|Hammond, Herbert Bowes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-2PK] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2NI Sydney (Chatswood, 1925; Epping, 1926-1927; Chatswood, 1928; Naremburn, 1929-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 64, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 895, 1925 12; 2COCP 318, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Naremburn, NSW, 1930); musician (Terrigal, NSW, 1932-1949); process worker (Meadow Bank, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Horace Arthur Hammond|Hammond, Horace Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-5ZP] - 1898(Eng)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6CH Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1922-1925; Swanbourne, WA, 1929-1931)

===''HANCOCK''===

* [[/G. A. Hancock|Hancock, C. A. or G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: V748 Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922); 3GU Receive Melbourne (Berwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/D'Arcy Maxwell Hancock|Hancock, D'Arcy Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCG4-L3Y] - 1910(SA)-2017(SA)107yo - Licences: 5RJ Kadina (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 5RJ Adelaide (Mitchell Park, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 356, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kadina, 1947)

* [[/Garnet Robert Lovedale Hancock|Hancock, Garnet Robert Lovedale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT22-2P2] - 1909(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Northcote, 1932, 1948-1969; Clifton Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1063, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Newmarket, Vic, 1931-1937); telegraphist (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1942; Collingwood, Vic, 1949-1968; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAND''===

* [[/Frederick William Hand|Hand, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L89Y-XMP] - 1921(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3YH Melbourne (Box Hill, 1947); 7YH Georgetown (1954); 7YH Cascade (1955); 7YH Seven Mile Beach (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2289, 1939, Vic; BOCP 914, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949); electrician (George Town, Tas, 1954); engineer (Seven Mile Beach, Tas, 1963); technician (Wattle Park, Vic, 1967; Box Hill South, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HANDEL''===

* [[/Keith Frederick Handel|Handel, Keith Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5TF-KYH] - 1913(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2IA Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1939, 1946; Roseville, 1947; Earlwood, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1413, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hurstville, NSW, 1936-1943; Earlwood, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''HANDS''===

* [[/Douglas Anstruther Hands|Hands, Douglas Anstruther]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G361-FBG] - 1916(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ZV Sydney (Annandale, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1264, 1934, NSW; COCP2 119, 1937; COCP1 987, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Ronald Hands|Hands, Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKX7-GFQ] - 1912(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZD Sydney (Camperdown, 1934-1935; Annandale, 1936; Manly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1344, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annandale, NSW, 1935-1936); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1937-1943); co-ordinating officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HANHAM''===

* [[/Frank Stewart Hanham|Hanham, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN42-933] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3BJ Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 839, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1934-1942); electrical mechanic (Essendon, Vic, 1949); technician (Strathmore, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HANNAFORD''===

* [[/Bruce Hannaford|Hannaford, Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9Q-BXV] - 1918(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 2ALR Maitland West (1939); 2ALR Katoomba (1946-1947); 2ALR Maitland (1948); 2ALR Cessnock (1950); 5DT Adelaide (Finchley Park, 1954; Reynella, 1955); 5DT Port Augusta (1956); 2XI Broken Hill (1958-1960); 5XI Adelaide (CBD, 1965); 5XI Peterborough (1969); 5XI Adelaide (Athelstone, 1975; Elizabeth Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2262, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 87, 1946; BOCP 789, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (West Maitland, NSW, 1943); farmer (Wallace Creek, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Cessnock, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1958)

===''HANNAM''===

* [[/Harold William Hannam|Hannam, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G83F-J78] - 1913(NSW)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 2IR Sydney (Hurstville South, 1935-1937); 2IR Orange (1938-1939); Sydney (South Hurstville, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1472, 1935, Qld; BOCP 9, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hurstville, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Orange, 1943; Hurstville, 1949); engineer (Cheltenham, 1949-1954; Moorabbin, 1963)

* [[/Walter Henry Hannam|Hannam, Walter Henry &quot;Wally&quot; &quot;Wal&quot;, &quot;Doc&quot;, &quot;Fatty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/273W-H9T] - 1885(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: XQI Stamford, Qld (1911-1914); 2YH Sydney (Balmain, 1924; Mosman, 1924-1933; Willoughby, 1934-1939); 2AXH Terrigal (1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 27, 1924, No. 10 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, first secretary 1910); wireless operator Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1912-1914) - Relationships: don't confuse with father William Henry Hannam of Hannams Ltd, engineers &amp; sheet metal workers - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Walter Henry Hannam|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/biography/hannam_walter.php Bio1]; [https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/history/people/walter-hannam/ Bio2]

===''HANSCOMBE''===

* [[/Silvester Thomas Hanscombe|Hanscombe, Silvester Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNQ-8VR] - 1908(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Waverley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1949); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); mail officer (Peakhurst, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''HANSEN''===

* [[/Harold William Hansen|Hansen, Harold William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93DG-45T] - 1914(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4FH Brisbane (Forest Hill, 1935-1939); 4SV Brisbane (Bulimba, 1948-1965; Carina, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1508, 1935, Qld; BOCP 1039, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, 1937, radio technician); state public servant (BCC, communications officer) - Relationships: father of Graham Hansen 4FV - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Forest Hill, Qld, 1936-1937); WT Operator (Wendouree, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Maryborough, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Carina, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''HARDGRAVE''===

* [[/Philip Hardgrave|Hardgrave, Philip &quot;Pop&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMPF-XL5] - 1857(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4PH Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1150, 1933, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: oldest person in British Empire to obtain a full licence - Electoral Rolls: fruitgrower (Wellington Point, 1916-1928)

===''HARDIE''===

* [[/Bruce Netherton Kilgour Hardie|Hardie, Bruce Netherton Kilgour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ95-FMJ] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3YX Melbourne (Garden Vale, 1925-1933; City, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 49, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WIA Vic - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1934; City, 1935-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1963) - Links: [https://aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=126495 AIF]

===''HARDING''===

* [[/Charles Henry Victor Harding|Harding, Charles Henry Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-5DW] - 1898(Irl)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6DG Receive Albany (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albany, WA, 1922-1925; Pingelly, WA, 1931-1954; South Perth, WA, 1958); retired (Como, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lewis George Herbert Harding|Harding, Lewis George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVN6-7KQ] - 1917(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Footscray, 1934-1939; Box Hill, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1281, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Box Hill, Vic, 1949); technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963)

===''HARDINGE''===

* [[/Biron Elliot Hardinge|Hardinge, Biron Elliot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8FG-YWQ] - 1912(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3TA Melbourne (Ormond, 1931); 3TA Horsham (1933-1939, 1947-1960); 3TA Healesville (1965-1975); 3ATA Portable Horsham (1947-1960); 3ATA Mobile Healesville (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 734, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Horsham, Vic, 1954; Healesville, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HARDISTY''===

* [[/David Charles Hardisty|Hardisty, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-C4W] - 1907(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DH Perth (Victoria Park, 1926-1939; West Perth, 1946-1948; Applecross, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 273, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Victoria Park, 1931-1943); radio mechanic (Applecross, 1954-1980)

===''HARDMAN''===

* [[/Cecil Alfred Hardman|Hardman, Cecil Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZML-FK6] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2KR Gunnedah (1931-1937); 2KR Woy Woy (1938-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 779, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Gunnedah, NSW, 1934-1936; Woy Woy, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HARDY''===

* [[/Walter Robert Hardy|Hardy, Walter Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD3F-GM7] - 1900(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Glebe, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 187, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Hurstville, NSW, 1930); electrical engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1932-1933; Glebe, NSW, 1935); salesman (Kogarah, NSW, 1937-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1968); journalist (Carlton, NSW, 1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977)

===''HARKIN''===

* [[/Dennis James Harkin|Harkin, Denis or Dennis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G45Q-9PH] - 1903(SA)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YN Receive Melbourne (Prahran, 1923); 3KF Melbourne (Kensington, 1924-1925); 3YN Melbourne (Preston, 1924-1926); 4YN Bowen (1927); 3YN Melbourne (East Brunswick, 1931); 3YY Newport (1938); 6YN Pearce (1938); 3ADJ Melbourne (Prahran, 1946-1948; Middle Park, 1954-1956; Thornbury, 1960-1975); 4ADJ Maryborough (1980) - Qualifications: CPRT 782, 1923; 1COCP 280, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club participant (WIAQ); career military (RAAF); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1926; Brunswick, Vic, 1931; Newport, 1937); RAAF (Clifton Hill, 1942); technician (Prahran, 1949; Albert Park, 1954); radio technician (Thornbury, 1963-1972); nil (Maryborough, 1977-1980)

===''HARKNESS''===

* [[/Keith Lynn Harkness|Harkness, Keith Lynn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MKYJ-DNT] - 1906(NSW)-1998(Norfolk Island) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Double Bay, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1320, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1936); warehouseman salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1943); traveller (Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARLEN''===

* [[/John Edward Harlen|Harlen, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8MP-TWB] - 1884(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Sunnybank, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1908); fruit grower (Sunnybank, Qld, 1912-1949)

===''HARLEY''===

* [[/Gordon Nicoll Harley|Harley, Gordon Nicoll]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-41H] - 1901(NSW)-1986(Qld) - Licences: &quot;4AR Unlicensed&quot; Ipswich (1926-1928); 4GH Ipswich (1928-1933); 4GH Didcott (1937-1939); 4GH Maryborough (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 385, 1928, No. 43 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (radio manufacture); employment (school teacher); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brassall, 1925); school teacher (Didcot, 1936-1943); teacher (Maryborough, 1949); school teacher (Maryborough, 1954-1980)

===''HARMAN''===

* [[/Henry Charles Harman|Harman, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHT-KP6] - 1912(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2XH Kurri Kurri (1931-1935); 2GH Sydney (Raymond Terrace, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 861, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1934-1937); RAAF (Raymond Terrace, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HARMER''===

* [[/George Harmer|Harmer, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRTY-KHZ] - 1900(Eng)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4XW Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1956; Coorparoo, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1301, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIAQ); telephone technician (PMGD); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''HARRANTH''===

* [[/Wolf Harranth|Harranth, Wolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBY-MY8] - 1941(Austria)-2021(Austria) - Licences: OE1WHC Austria - curator of Dokufunk, host of the world's largest collection of amateur radio and broadcast QSLs; amateur radio operator; broadcast announcer; historian (amateur radio, broadcasting); children's book author; translator - provided the core of the WIA QSL collection - Links: [[w:Wolf_Harranth|Wikipedia]]; [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/OE1WHC/ Ham Gallery]; [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/personalities/index.php?CID=12863&amp;ID=37418#A37418 Dokufunk Tributes]

===''HARRIS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Harris|Harris, Alfred Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY1-F4K] - 1900(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3CH Birchip (1926-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 303, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; class B licence?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous ACHs - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ouyen, Vic, 1924); electrical engineer (Birchip, Vic, 1925-1954; Power Station, Ouyen, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Harris|Harris, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G59V-NG6] - 1880(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XGR Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: tailor's cutter (North Sydney, NSW, 1913); tailor (Dee Why, NSW, 1930-1933); cutter (Manly, NSW, 1934-1935; Balgowlah, NSW, 1936-1943); tailor (Seaforth, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ross Clifford Harris|Harris, Ross Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y2-DZF] - 1917(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5FL Adelaide (Glenelg, 1936-1939; Malvern, 1947-1948; Hawthorn, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1651, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Valentine Harms Harris|Harris, Valentine Harms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1PM-FDM] - 1909(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6NL Perth (Shenton Park, 1935-1939; Applecross,  1947-1969); 6NL Denmark (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1579, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 6YL Ruth Victoria Harris nee Longley - Electoral Rolls: garage employee (Subiaco, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); mechanic (Applecross, WA, 1949-1972)

===''HARRISON''===

* [[/Arthur Roberts Harrison|Harrison, Arthur Roberts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J7-YHJ] - 1909(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2DT Sydney (Stanmore, 1934-1939, 1948-1961; Concord West, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1326, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1958; Stanmore, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Maurice Haydn Harrison|Harrison, Maurice Haydn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMK-KWV] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2OY Sydney (Paddington, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 18, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Parkes, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); policeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); police sergeant (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Percival Lionel Carr Harrison|Harrison, Percival Lionel Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-VDC] - 1912(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6LH Perth (Claremont, 1937-1939; Armadale, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1909, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); civil servant (Armadale, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Victor William Harrison|Harrison, Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSM-2BS] - 1911(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3QD Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1937-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948; North Balwyn, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1949, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mont Albert, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); technician (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''HARRISS''===

* [[/Alfred George Harriss|Harriss, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8HN-THZ] - 1873(Eng)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator; radio clubs (Longreach Radio Club); business proprietor (Jackson &amp; Harriss) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Longreach, 1930) - Relationships: father of Dorothy Winnifred Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss

* [[/Dorothy Winnifred Harriss|Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KGYC-3CP] - 1905(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4DH Longreach (1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 573, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); first YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: typist (Longreach, 1930); home duties (Longreach, 1936-1943; Warwick, 1949; Toowoomba, 1954-1977; Macgregor, 1980) - Relationships: daughter of Alfred George Harriss

* [[/Wilfred Lloyd Harriss|Harriss, Wilfred Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQ2-MS6] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ALF Sydney (Coogee, 1939, 1946-1960; Lugarno, 1961-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 1285, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Coogee, NSW, 1943-1954); teacher (Coogee, NSW, 1958; Lugarno, NSW, 1963-1968; Falconbridge, NSW, 1972; Springwood, NSW, 1977)

===''HARRISSON''===

* [[/Charles Harrisson|Harrisson, Charles &quot;Snowy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-VK3] - 1908(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1933); 3CN Shepparton (1937-1939, 1948); 7CH Hobart (Moonah, 1954-1960); 7CH Burnie (1965); 7CH Hobart (Bellerive, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 348, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Charles Turnbull Harrisson, biologist in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1949); bank manager (Moonah, Tas, 1954)

===''HARSTON''===

* [[/Leslie William Harston|Harston, Leslie William or William Leslie &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQD-XVY] - 1897(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1932-1939, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 903, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (art shop) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Clayfield, Qld, 1921-1943); no occupation (Holland Park, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''HART''===

* [[/Augustus Samuel Hart|Hart, Augustus Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CMQ-4CP] - 1890(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 57, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Watchem, Vic, 1912; Glen Thompson, 1913); wireless engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Esperance, 1943); telegraphist (Darwin, 1949); wireless officer (Moonee Ponds, 1963-1968; Essendon, 1972)

* [[/James Claude Hoyte John Hart|Hart, James Claude Hoyte John &quot;Hoyte John&quot;, &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQWC-W4C] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HO Sydney (Manly, 1928-1931; Roseville, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1975; Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 410, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 4622, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, 1933-1954; St Ives, 1958-1963); retired (St Ives, 1968-1977; Manly, 1980)

* [[/John William Hart|Hart, John William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2399, 1939, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWHs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Norman Victor Hart|Hart, Norman Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNK3-TXW] - 1908(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4KO Booval (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 760, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club member (WIA, Ipswich RC); engineer - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Booval, 1932-1937); grocer (Booval, 1943-1949); radio technician (Booval, 1954-1972; East Ipswich, 1977-1980)

* [[/William James Hart|Hart, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-MW8] - 1911(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ACA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1938); 2ACA Orange (1939); 2ACA Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1947); 2ACR Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 69, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Marrickville, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1954); public servant (Collaroy Plateau, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/William John Hart|Hart, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGH-CKN] - 1926(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2YQ Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 589, 1958; AOCP 3819, 1959; COCP3 4611, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); medical practitioner (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HARTLEY''===

* [[/Arthur Hartley|Hartley, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP58-YDC] - 1911(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1939, 1946-1965; Greenacre, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1218, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1934-1937); welder (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Greenacre, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HARVEY''===

* [[/B. C. L. Harvey|Harvey, B. C. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAC Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Colin Geoffrey Harvey|Harvey, Colin Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC4-31J] - 1920(Vic)-2010(ACT) - Licences: 3UO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; East St Kilda, 1947-1956); 2AQU Glenbrook (1958-1961); 1AU Canberra (Hughes, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1695, 1936, Vic; BOCP 203, 1938; TVOCP 31, 1957; 1COCP N26, 1970 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, 1944) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGH - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Armadale, Vic, 1949);  RAAF (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958; Hughes, ACT, 1968-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1528008 AWM]

* [[/Edward Rossiter Harvey|Harvey, Edward Rossiter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBP-BK8] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6RG Perth (Scarborough, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 4RK Surfers Paradise (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2041, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Leederville, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1943); newsagent (Scarborough, WA, 1949-1958); shopkeeper (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1963); proprietor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Mermaid Waters, Qld, 1980)

* [[/James Harvey|Harvey, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WJW] - 1907(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Buranda, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 4ZJO Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2235, 1938, Qld; NAOCP Q3, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth Public Servant (Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Joseph Melville Harvey|Harvey, Joseph Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHSW-R2Z] - 1892(Tas)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CG Receive Donnybrook (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: agriculturalist (Thomson's Brook, Donnybrook, WA, 1930-1963)

* [[/Manning Herbert Harvey|Harvey, Manning Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZGG-LFZ] - 1887(Tas)-1932(Tas) - Licences: XZC Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1914-1928)

===''HASELDINE''===

* [[/John Craig Haseldine|Haseldine, John Craig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTV-TNW] - 1918(SA)-2011(SA) - Licences: 5JC Adelaide (Cheltenham, 1947-1965; Pennington, 1969); 3QG Melbourne (Mulgrave, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2391, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: serviceman (Cheltenham, SA, 1939; Burleigh Estate, SA, 1941); electrician (Mulgrave, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HASKARD''===

* [[/Reginald Geoffrey Haskard|Haskard, Reginald Geoffrey &quot;Geoff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-S35] - 1906(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Jamestown, 1923-1924); 5RH Adelaide (Jamestown, 1927-1931; North Adelaide, 1933; Malvern, 1937-1939; Helmsdale, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1975; West Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 316, 1927, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1558, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: retreader (Malvern, 1939-1941); wireless operator (Malvern, 1943)

===''HASSELBACH''===

* [[/Edward Hasselbach|Hasselbach, Edward or Eduard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZS2-GZH] - 1849(Germany)-1928(Vic) - Licences: XKN Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1914; Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1928)

===''HATFIELD''===

* [[/Westrop Henry Hatfield|Hatfield, Westrop Henry &quot;West&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB5-VF5] - 1909(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD)

===''HATTAM''===

* [[/Fred Hattam|Hattam, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZV-QDL] - 1906(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3HW Castlemaine (1929-1939); 3BAL Castlemaine (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 541, 1929, Vic; BOCP 410, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Castlemaine, 1928-1937); radio mechanic (Castlemaine, 1954-1967); engineer (Castlemaine, 1968-1972)

===''HATTON''===

* [[/Donald Edsall Hatton|Hatton, Donald Edsall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB2-YHY] - 1925(NSW)-2009(Vic) - Licences: 2AI Sydney (Abbotsford, 1947-1954; Vaucluse, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 34, 1946, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton - Comment: Died with wife in 2009 Vic bushfires - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949-1954); scientist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963; Templestowe, Vic, 1967-1977) - Links: [http://royalcommission.vic.gov.au/getdoc/f95fb3fc-117e-46c7-b2cc-22ec17a5dd88/Transcript_VBRC_Day_117_04-Mar-2010-REDACTED.pdf Bushfire Royal Commission]

* [[/Harry Creighton Hatton|Hatton, Harry Creighton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH1R-8XB] - 1893(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Abbotsford, 1923); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) (1946 to 1955, licence held with son Kenneth Harry Hatton) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Gunner, 1915-1918, Gassed) - Relationships: Father of 2GD Kenneth Harry Hatton &amp; 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: Fitter &amp; turner with Warburton Franki (1915, Army enlistment); fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/Kenneth Harry Hatton|Hatton, Kenneth Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKML-N4T] - 1921(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2GD Sydney (Abbotsford, 1938-1939, 1947; Epping, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958); 2AGU Sydney (Abbotsford, 1946-1955) (licence held with Harry Creighton Hatton); 2AGU Sydney (Pymble, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2104, 1938, NSW; COCP2 363, 1940; COCP1 451, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2AGU Harry Creighton Hatton &amp; brother of 2AI Donald Edsall Hatton - Electoral Rolls: airline radio officer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Eastwood, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Pymble, NSW, 1958; St Ives, NSW, 1963); airline navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1968); navigator (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HAVYATT''===

* [[/Alaric Havyatt|Havyatt, Alaric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMK7-5XZ] - 1917(NZ)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AET Sydney (Double Bay, 1936-1938; Edgecliff, 1939, 1946-1947; Roseville, 1948-1958); 2AZQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1969; Woolwich, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1825, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); student (Gordon, NSW, 1949; Roseville, NSW, 1954-1958); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); engineer (Woolwich, NSW, 1972-1977; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1980)

===''HAWKER''===

* [[/H. Hawker|Hawker, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XHH Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HAWKESWORTH''===

* [[/Norman John Hawkesworth|Hawkesworth, Norman John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CQ-CB8] - 1908(NSW)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Auburn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2361, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); labourer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936); waiter (St Kilda, Vic, 1937); radio wireman (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1968); radio worker (Auburn, Vic, 1972); retired (Hawthorn East, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HAWKINS''===

* [[/Henry William Albert Hawkins|Hawkins, Henry William Albert &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GF-3WX] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Cessnock (1932-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1073, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Cessnock, NSW, 1935-1972)

===''HAWORTH''===

* [[/William Haworth|Haworth, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G823-JT3] - 1896(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences Q737 Receive Qld (1922-1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ironside Estate, 1917); mechanic (Taringa, 1921-1928); lineman (North Tmborine, 1931); electrical mechanic (Eagle Heights, 1936; Toowong, 1937); telephone mechanic (Bundaberg, 1943-1949); technician (Toowong, 1954-1972); retired (Caloundra, 1977-1980)

===''HAWSON''===

* [[/Thomas Edgar Cecil Hawson|Hawson, Thomas Edgar Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-ZV9] - 1916(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CH Ipswich (Woodend, 1937-1939; East Ipswich, 1947-1948); 4CH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1969; Salisbury, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2016, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: agent (Ipswich, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (East Ipswich, Qld, 1949); storekeeper (Windsor, Qld, 1954; Yeronga, Qld, 1958; Salisbury, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''HAY''===

* [[/Patrick Walsh Hay|Hay, Patrick Walsh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZS-8Q9] - 1918(NSW)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 2ADW Sydney (Lidcombe, 1936-1938; Sefton, 1939); 4PH Toowoomba (1955-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1730, 1930, NSW; BOCP 639, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sefton, NSW, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Toowoomba North, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''HAYES''===

* [[/William Lyall Hayes|Hayes, William Lyall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-GGX] - 1908(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AJL Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939; Chatswood, 1946-1954; Artarmon, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2082, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Roseville, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Concord, NSW, 1936-1937); industrial chemist (Roseville, NSW, 1943; Epping, NSW, 1943; Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1954; Artarmon, NSW, 1958-1968); chemist (Artarmon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HAYLES''===

* [[/Ernest Edward Hayles|Hayles, Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCQT-F9K] - 1911(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4HY Innisfail (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 2AHY Wollongong (1954-1958); 2AHY Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1960-1969; Roseville, 1975); 2AHY Alstonville (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2153, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1949; Wollongong, NSW, 1954); dental technician (Roseville, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''HAYMAN''===

* [[/Arthur Henry Hayman|Hayman, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ19-MCS] - 1888(NZ)-1974(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 26, 1914 - coastal wireless Operator (Broome, WA); radio telegraphist at WW1 enlistment; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Kaiapoi, NZ, 1911; Christchurch, NZ, 1919-1935; Fendleton, NZ, 1946-1949); retired (Fendalton, NZ, 1957; Papanui, NZ, 1972)

* [[/William George Inglis Hayman|Hayman, William George Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-CX1] - 1897(Eng)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BG Perth (Claremont, 1925); 6GH Perth (Claremont, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; scientist; educator - Electoral Rolls: lecturer (Claremont, 1922-1929); engineer (Claremont, 1931-1954); civil servant (Claremont, 1958-1968) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hayman-william-george-12971 ADB]

===''HAYNES''===

* [[/Bruce Lot Henry Haynes|Haynes, Bruce Lot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC44-8M4] - 1898(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2YA Armidale (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Armidale, 1930-1936); poultry farmer (West Pennant Hills, 1943-1958)

* [[/Thomas Ambrose John Haynes|Haynes, Thomas Ambrose John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSC5-WXM] - 1902(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5AY Adelaide (Black Forest Estate, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 835, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Black Forest, 1939-1943)

* [[/Walter Charles Henry Haynes|Haynes, Walter Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWS-2LW] - 1910(NSW)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 2XH Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947); 2APH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1960; Oatley, 1961-1965; Sylvania Waters, 1969); 4APH Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2404, 1939, NSW; BOCP 569, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; Croydon, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1963); tv technician (Sylvania, NSW, 1968); acting superintendent (Fern Tree Gully, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1980)

===''HAZARD''===

* [[/Cleveland Tidcombe Hazard|Hazard, Cleveland Tidcombe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BS-QML] - 1897(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: XNT Melbourne (Brighton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army, 4th Field Artillery, medically discharged, multiple gunshot wounds, 1915-1918 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murrabit, Vic, 1919-1927); clerk (Glen Innes, NSW, 1930-1932); accountant (Merewether, NSW, 1933-1937); civil servant (Toxteth, NSW, 1943); public servant (Chatswood, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''HAZLETT''===

* [[/Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett|Hazlett, Royce Stanley Arnold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXX4-F38] - 1932(Qld)-2015(Qld) - Licences: 4ZRH Brisbane (Wellers Hill, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: AOLCP 1159, 1961, Qld - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4EO Stanley Albert Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1963); electrical contractor (Wellers Hill, Qld, 1968-1972); contractor (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley Albert Hazlett|Hazlett, Stanley Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC33-RH7] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4EO Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 4ZRH Royce Stanley Arnold Hazlett - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coorparoo, Qld, 1925-1928); buyer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937-1968)

===''HEARPS''===

* Hearps, David Edward - See David Edward Vaughan (change of name)

===''HEATH''===

* [[/Allan Harry Heath|Heath, Allan Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5Y4-4DT] - 1914(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5ZX Adelaide (Prospect Park, 1934-1939; Highgate, 1947-1956; Brighton, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1369, 1934, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''HEATHERS''===

* [[/Cyril John Heathers|Heathers, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XN-NG9] - 1909(Eng)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2GZ Sydney (Bankstown, 1930-1934); 2UA Sydney (Bankstown, 1935-1939; Artarmon, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 615, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bankstown, 1930-1943); telephone engineer (Artarmon, 1949-1968); engineer (Artarmon, 1977-1980) - Comment: 2GZ callsign likely withdrawn by PMGD for 2GZ Orange commercial

===''HEAVEY''===

* [[/John Aloysius Heavey|Heavey, John Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS8F-RNN] - 1894(NZ)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2XK Sydney (Maroubra, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT, 1916, NSW (Marconi); COCP1 40, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Wellington, NZ, 1919); wireless worker (Maroubra, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless industry (Maroubra, NSW, 1936-1954); technician (OTC Radio Receiving Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1963-1972)

===''HEDLEY''===

* [[/Charles Hedley|Hedley, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54F-R7Z] - 1908(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2MT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1933; Mayfield, 1935-1938); 2MT Wollongong (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1174, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930-1934; Mayfield, NSW, 1935-1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943-1968; Mngrtn, 1977; Wollongong West, NSW, 1980)

===''HEEPS''===

* [[/Frank William Heeps|Heeps, Frank William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Y3-MPG] - 1911(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3ADX Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2362, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Richmond South, Vic, 1934-1936); brass finisher (Richmond, Vic, 1937); metal worker (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HEHIR''===

* [[/William James Hehir|Hehir, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYYL-PY2] - 1912(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3RE Melbourne (Kew, 1935-1939, 1947); 3RE Hamilton (1948-1980+); 3ARE Mobile/Portable Hamilton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1520, 1935, Vic; BOCP 150, 1938; AIR3 6, 1938; AIR2 8, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); pilot (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1949-1968); engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HEILBRONN''===

* [[/George Heilbronn|Heilbronn, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJHL-PW3] - 1894(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4GG Chinchilla (1929-1939); 4GG Yarraman (1946-1955); 4GG Crows Nest (1956); 4GG Millmerran (1960); 4GG Brisbane (Wynnum, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 565, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Qld Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive fireman (Chinchilla, 1925-1937); locomotive driver (Yarraman, 1954); engine driver (Millmerran, 1943-1958); retired (Wynnum, 1963-1968)

===''HEIMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Heimann|Heimann or Heiman Von Koenigswerter, Theodore Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSZ-JXK] - 1910(SA)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TH Wagga Wagga (1935-1937); 2TH Sydney (Hurstone Park, 1938-1939); 2TH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2TH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1948-1950; Bondi, 1954-1969); 2TH Newcastle (Lorn, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optometrist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1931-1937); radio technician (Urana, NSW, 1949); secretary (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (North Maitland, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''HEINE''===

* [[/John Frederick Heine|Heine, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VS-V1F] - 1908(Tas)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 7JK Hobart (City, 1927; Bellerive, 1931); 4JX Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1933; Ascot, 1935; Kangaroo Point, 1937; Mowbray Park, 1938-1939); 3JF Melbourne (Beaumaris) (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 355, 1927, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934; Norman Park, Qld, 1937); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); representative (Beaumaris, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''HEINECKE''===

* [[/Heinrich Victor Heinecke|Heinecke, Heinrich Victor &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNJ7-SF9] - 1889(Vic)-1971(SA) - Licences: XJF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1912); engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1914); electrical engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1919; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Flat, Vic, 1942)

===''HEINRICH''===

* [[/William Latimer Heinrich|Heinrich, William Latimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG5-S7Y] - 1917(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5HR Bute (1934-1939); 5HR Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1376, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmhand (Bute, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HEITSCH''===

* [[/Henry John Keith Heitsch|Heitsch, Henry John Keith or Heinrich Johann]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CV-QYP] - 1907(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: 3HK Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1939, 1947-1975); 4AHK Scarness (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 516, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: piano fitter (Mitcham, 1931-1954); technician (Mitcham, 1963-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1980)

===''HELLAWELL''===

* [[/Francis Herbert Hellawell|Hellawell, Francis Herbert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK5G-478] - 1885(Qld)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - early wireless experimenter; amateur radio clubs (member, WIQ); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, 1913-1914; Coorparoo, 1919; East Annerley, 1925; Annerley, 1929-1934); clerk (Brisbane City, 1937); no occupation (Beachmere, 1943-1949; Annerley, 1954-1958)

===''HELLICAR''===

* [[/Geoffrey Charles Hellicar|Hellicar, Geoffrey Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWD-5M8] - 1916(???)-1932(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1932) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 928, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HELLYER''===

* [[/Leicester Henry Hellyer|Hellyer, Leicester Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFNW-BTC] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Rockdale, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 600, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Rockdale, 1930-1933; Manly, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936-1937; Willoughby, 1943; Artarmon, 1949-1963; Newport, 1968-1977)

===''HENDERSON''===

* [[/Frederick James Henderson|Henderson, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQG-XRX] - 1891(Eng)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 208, 1916 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/S. A. Henderson|Henderson, S. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5JN Adelaide (Walkerville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HENLEY''===

* [[/Clarence Henley|Henley, Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQ9-Z2S] - 1887(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJCC Melbourne (Clayton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual is best fit but not fully identified (Licensed as CHH rather than CH) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (South Yarra, Vic, 1912-1913); farmer (Milawa, Vic, 1922); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1924-1937)

===''HENNESSEY''===

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] - 1896(Qld)-19?? - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcasters - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld

===''HENRIQUES''===

* [[/Frederick Lester Henriques|Henry, Frederick Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9W1P-SBF] - 1883(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2FH Sydney (Hunter's Hill &amp; Motor Launch Amohine) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hunter's Hill, NSW, 1930-1936; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937-1943)

===''HENRY''===

* [[/Arthur Geddes Henry|Henry, Arthur Geddes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4QW-K9Z] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK Sydney (Sandringham, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 494, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Sandringham, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (San Souci, NSW, 1949-1963; Northbridge, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Clement John Henry|Henry, Clement John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6T-RPC] - 1905(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Uralla (1923); 2CH Uralla (1924-1929); 2UR Uralla (1930-1939); 2UR Blakehurst (1946); 2UR Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1948-1957; Pymble, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 85, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Withdrawal: 2CH callsign withdrawn in 1930 for 2CH Sydney - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Uralla, 1930-1937); electrical fitter (RAAF Richmond, 1943); technician (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954; Pymble, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Edwin Henry|Henry, John Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL6B-GD6] - 1868(Vic)-1933(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Receive Mt Alford via Boonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: baker (Gundy, NSW, 1913); farmer (Boonah, Qld, 1917-1921); storekeeper (Mt Alford, Qld, 1922-1926); baker (Dayboro, Qld, 1928; Wondai, Qld, 1931)

* [[/Raymond Cherrington Henry|Henry, Raymond Cherrington &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-C1Y] - 1894(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5CY Cook (1935-1939); 5RY Adelaide (Goodwood, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1421, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Son, also named RCH, passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Goodwood Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles Henry|Henry, Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNW-VF7] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AGC Tamworth (1937-1939); 2GZ Griffith (1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1890, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Hanwood, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Griffith, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''HENTZE''===

* [[/Phillip Raoul Hentze|Hentze, Phillip Raoul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG2C-9RP] - 1905(Germany)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Sydney (Killara, 1927-1928); 2RN Sydney (Manly, 1933; Darling Point, 1935-1936; Killara, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 326, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wool buyer (Killara, NSW, 1930; Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Killara, NSW, 1937); Commonwealth wool appraiser (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943-1949); wool buyer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1963); director (Palm Beach, NSW, 1972); manager (Palm Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HENWOOD''===

* [[/Ralph Franklin Henwood|Henwood, Ralph Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89X-CF6] - 1912(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6RL Perth (North Perth, 1930-1933; Claremont, 1937); 6RL Northam (1946-1948); 2AXA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1960-1961); 6RL Perth (Claremont, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 720, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 2, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Claremont, 1936); radio operator (6AM) (Northam, 1937); radio technician (Northam, 1943-1949; Claremont, 1954); technician (Bellevue Hill, 1958; Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977)

===''HEPTON''===

* [[/William Dean Hepton|Hepton, William Dean &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRBB-VN5] - 1898(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4WD Brisbane (Milton, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 918, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, instructor 1932-1935) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1921; Milton, Qld, 1925-1963)

===''HERD''===

* [[/James Kinross Herd|Herd, James Kinross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-YSQ] - 1901(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JK Baccus Marsh (1924-1927); 3JK Wangaratta (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 3JK Mornington (1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 36, 1924, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: surgeon dentist (Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1924-1928); dentist (Wangaratta, Vic, 1937-1954); dental surgeon (Frankston, Vic, 1963)

===''HERMAN''===

* [[/Leonard George Herman|Herman or Hermann, Leonard George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH2Q-LW1] - 1914(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3NF Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1905, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HERMANN''===

* [[/Theodore Roy Hermann|Hermann, Theodore Roy]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1239, 1934, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HERSCHEL''===

* [[/Henry Victor Herschel|Herschel, Henry Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N6-76H] - 1902(Qld)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4UK Cairns (1929-1931); 4UK Toowoomba (1933); 4UK Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 564, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1925; Cairns, 1930; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937)- Comment: Passed too soon

===''HESKETH''===

* [[/John Hesketh|Hesketh, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ2B-YFT] - 1868(Eng)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XJEB Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; senior state public servant (Qld electrical engineer); senior federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer); military (Royal Engineers, Eng; Qld Defence Force, lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Kew, Vic, 1909-1917) - Links: [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/John_Hesketh IEE Bio]; [http://www.consuleng.com.au/Early%20Automatic%20Telephony%20in%20Australia%20-%20Moynihan%201985.pdf Automatic Telephony]

===''HEWITT''===

* [[/Archibald John Hewitt|Hewitt, Archibald John &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DZ-TNY] - 1910(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939); 5XK Kingscote (1946-1948); 5XK Adelaide (Torrensville, 1954; College Park, 1955-1956; Lucindale, 1960; Semaphore, 1965-1969; Ottaway, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 582, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Kingscote, 1939-1941)

* [[/Clarence Richard Hewitt|Hewitt, Clarence Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6D1-718] - 1900(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CR Brisbane (Rosalie, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1919); student (Petrie Tce, Qld, 1921-1926); moulder (Rosalie, Qld, 1928); carpenter (Rosalie, Qld, 1936-1943; Indooroopilly, Qld, 1949); hotel manager (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Colin Frederick Hewitt|Hewitt, Colin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-F2K] - 1928(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5CT Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1948-1955; Blair Athol, 1956-1965; Prospect, 1969; Banksia Park, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2819, 1948, SA; BOCP 1344, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Hewitt|Hewitt, Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXR-PMC] - 1909(Vic)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2074, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 10th Squadron, 1939-1941, passed flying battle, 2nd wireless operator) - Electoral Rolls: postal (Caulfield East, Vic, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721780 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325082 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/796889 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Horace Thomas Hewitt|Hewitt, Horace Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MN6S-JBL] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4PD Brisbane (Moorooka, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2377, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hodgson, Qld, 1925; Bowen, Qld, 1930); mechanic (Roma, Qld, 1936-1937); turner (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Thomas George Hewitt|Hewitt, Thomas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZ2-PLM] - 1900(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 4TH Cairns (1937-1939); 2LH Lismore (1946-1961); 2ATG Lennox Head (1955-1961) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cairns, Qld, 1930-1943; Lismore, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''HEY''===

* [[/Eric Charles Hey|Hey, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDF-9NK] - 1916(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP N2736, 1987, NSW; AOCP N1874, 1988 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943); student (Coogee, NSW, 1954-1958); dental surgeon (Coogee, NSW, 1968); dentist (Coogee, NSW, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/hey-eric-charles-16914 Obituaries Australia]

===''HIAM''===

* [[/Robert Charles Hiam|Hiam, Robert Charles &quot;Charles&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VCT-14T] - 1888(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XLD Melbourne (Balaclava, 1913-1914); 3LW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1931; Caulfield North, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 174, 1915 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tailor (St Kilda, 1913-1928; Caulfield, 1931-1968); retired (Beaumaris, 1972-1980)

===''HIBBERT''===

* [[/Charles Thomas Hibbert|Hibbert, Charles Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1R2-Y8N] - 1899(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2KQ Cootamundra (1929-1935) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 391, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Cootamundra, NSW, 1930-1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ermington, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Gwendolyn near Budgewoi, NSW, 1972; Samarinda Point, NSW, 1980)

===''HICKS''===

* [[/Charles McCall Hicks|Hicks, Charles McCall &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRB9-L88] - 1921(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1938-1939, 1946-1955; Whale Beach, 1956-1958); 2ADV Forster (1960-1965); 2ADV Sydney (Avalon, 1969; Palm Beach, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2097, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1942); cutter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943-1949); director (Cremorne, NSW, 1954); company director (Forster, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Henry Joseph Hicks|Hicks, Henry Joseph &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QG-RRR] - 1913(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 1HH Macquarie Island (1955-1956); 4HG Willis Island (1963); 9HG Lae, New Guinea (1965-1969); 4HG Tolga (1975-1980) - Qualifications: AOCP 2468, 1941, Qld; 1COCP 784, 1944 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: letterpress machinist (Cairns, 1936-1937); printer (Newtown, 1943); radio officer (Broome, 1963); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1972); retired (Tolga, 1977-1980) - Awards: BEM (1958, Officer in Charge, Radio Weather Reporting Station, Willis Islets)

===''HIGGINBOTHAM''===

* [[/Ronald William Higginbotham|Higginbotham, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5V-6KQ] - 1915(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (Ashburton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2149, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); linotyper (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1967; Ashburton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HIGGINS''===

* [[/Charles Sherlock Higgins|Higgins, Charles Sherlock]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WK-X4K] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Pendle Hill, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Wentworthville, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1160, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Pendle Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); research engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Gordon Conway Higgins|Higgins, John Gordon Conway &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD45-FKK] - 1884(NSW)-1963(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 29, 1914 - wireless telegraphist; WW1 (merchant navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, 1910-1912); radio engineer (Prahran, 1925-1927); manufacturer (St Kilda, Vic, 1934-1937); soldier (Caulfield, 1942); military duties (South Yarra, 1949); retired (Dromana, 1954; Sorrento, 1963)

* [[/Murray William Higgins|Higgins, Murray William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZV-LT8] - 1920(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5QM Adelaide (North Unley, 1947; Parkside, 1948; Harcourt Gardens, 1954; Panorama, 1965-1969); 5AQM Adelaide (Panorama, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2260, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1943)

===''HIGGS''===

* [[/Arthur John Higgs|Higgs, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBF-919] - 1904(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2GY Canberra (Mt Stromlo, 1931-1939); 2GY Sydney (Bayview, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP N321, 1975, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1928); astronomer (Mt Stromlo, ACT, 1931-1937); engineer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); research officer (Cheltenham, NSW, 1949-1954); secretary (West Ryde, NSW, 1958-1972); retired (Bayview, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HILDER''===

* [[/Henry Edward Hilder|Hilder, Henry Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVWH-4VK] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4HH Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1946-1948; Nudgee, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 69, 1946, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, Signals, 1940-1947); employment (Brisbane Fire Brigade, communications) - Halcyon: says AOCP Brisbane 1936 but no record - Electoral Rolls: storeman (East Brisbane, Qld, 1941-1949); fireman (Nudgee, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Hilder|Hilder, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF8-1PY] - 1902(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AFT Bourke (1937-1939); 2AFT Hillston (1946-1948); 2AFT Trida (1950-1961); 2AFT Quirindi (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1848, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: overseer (Bourke, NSW, 1930); station manager (Fort Bourke Station, Bourke, 1936-1943; Hunthawang, Hillston, NSW, 1949); grazier (Cogie via Trida, NSW, 1954-1963; Fintona, Quirindi, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Quirindi, NSW, 1977)

===''HILDYARD''===

* [[/Athol David Hildyard|Hildyard, Athol David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNY-TBD] - 1919(Tas)-1998(Tas) - Licences: 7DH Hobart (City, 1936-1939, 1948; Montagu Bay, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1735, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; 1AOCP 50, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Hobart South, 1943-1949); radio engineer (Montagu Bay, 1954)

===''HILL''===

* [[/Alfred Wyatt Hill|Hill, Alfred Wyatt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Y-5VM] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Killara, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Stanley Hill|Hill, Arthur Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-FRC] - 1906(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6AH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1985, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Husband of 6MH Mary Lilian Hill nee - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wiluna, WA, 1931); engineer (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1949); business manager (Wiluna, WA, 1954-1963); retired (West Busselton, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frederick John Hill|Hill, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-1J5] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TY Kurri Kurri (1929-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 500, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Pelaw Main, 1930; Stanford Merthyr, 1934; Kurri Kurri, 1936-1937); winding driver (Kurri Kurri, 1968)

* [[/G. M. Hill|Hill, G. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9GM Rabaul (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Hunter Hill|Hill, Jack Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCS-18Y] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADT Lismore (1936-1939); 2ADT Sydney (Belmore, 1946); 2ADT Cessnock (1947-1954); 2ADT Inverell (1955-1965); 2ADT Port Macquarie (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1739, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Parramatta, NSW, 1931-1933; Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943; Aberdare, NSW, 1949-1954; Inverell, NSW, 1958-1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Hill|Hill, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-7NX] - 1922(SA)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3AJN Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1956; Hawthorn, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2367, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1954; Hawthorn, Vic, 1963-1977; Kew, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Mary Lilian XXXX|Hill nee , Mary Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-JZY] - 1906(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6MH Wiluna (1937-1939, 1947-1965); 6MH Busselton (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1976, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 6AH Arthur Stanley Hill - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/R. F. Hill|Hill, R. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAU Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HILLHOUSE''===

* [[/James Reid Hillhouse|Hillhouse, James or James Reid]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-YZJ] - 1907(Sct)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4ZO Collinsville (1933-1939, 1947-1975); 4ZO Bowen (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1115, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: coal miner (Collinsville, Qld, 1928-1963); retired (Gladstone, Qld, 1977)

===''HILTON''===

* [[/William Edward Hilton|Hilton, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPR-P1K] - 1876(???)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XEQ Sydney (St Leonards, 1913-1914); 2BA Receive Sydney (Crows Nest, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Newtown, 1903); postmaster (Stockton, 1930-1932; Kurri Kurri, 1934-1936); retired (Long Jetty, 1943-1949)

===''HINE''===

* [[/Francis Thomas Hine|Hine, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBY-3SZ] - 1907(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2QL Sydney (Campsie, 1935-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1434, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Campsie, 1930-1931; Temora, 1932-1935); wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, 1936-1937; Concord, 1943); radio officer (Homebush, 1954-1958; Strathfield West, 1968; Homebush, 1977-1980)

===''HINTON''===

* [[/Wilfred Frank Hinton|Hinton, Wilfred Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VL7-X3G] - 1887(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XAAL Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 5th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, Private, Lieut, Captain, 1915-1917) - Relationships: brother of 2FI Receive Ronald Stewart Hinton - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wagga Wagga, 1913) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2202474 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Ronald Stewart Hinton|Hinton, Ronald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-NJJ] - 1896(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 94, 1932, NSW - amateur receiver - Relationships: brother of XAAL Wilfred Frank Hinton - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1943); technician (Clareville, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1977)

===''HIPWELL''===

* [[/Ronald Anson Le Hunt Hipwell|Hipwell, Ronald Anson Le Hunt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HJ-SMM] - 1902(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3KU Swan Hill (1929-1933); 2ACD Broken Hill (1937-1939); 3ACD Melbourne (Dromana, 1955-1956); 5AJ Port Augusta (1960-1965); 3AEI Melbourne (Dromana, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 486, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 140, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda East, Vic, 1925); electrical engineer (Swan Hill, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1943); radio electrical fitter (Dromana, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Dromana, Vic, 1972)

===''HIRSCH''===

* [[/Jacob Alexander Hirsch|Hirsch or Deerson, Jacob or Jakob Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZX-RZ3] - 1896(Aus)-1979(Aus) - Licences: 2AE Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Oatley, 1930-1937); clerk (Canberra, 1949); no occupation (Pambula Beach, 1954-1972; Merimbula, 1977)

===''HITCHCOCK''===

* [[/Leith Fuller Hitchcock|Hitchcock, Leith Fuller]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWC-Y61] - 1897(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4LH Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1931-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bacteriologist (Wooloowin, 1921-1936); research officer (Wooloowin, 1943-1949)

===''HOAD''===

* [[/C. M. Hoad|Hoad, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: None yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 319, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Individual not yet identified

===''HOAR''===

* [[/John Cecil Hoar|Hoar, John Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MVKW-HND] - 1900(Eng)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6OR Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1939; Mosman Park, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 786, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Barracks, Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931; East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, WA, 1949-1963)

===''HOARE''===

* [[/Peter Hoare|Hoare, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G99K-6N4] - 1895(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2PH Gosford (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 82, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signalman (Eastwood, NSW, 1930-1933); railway employee (Girraween, NSW, 1936-1943); signalman (Harris Park, NSW, 1949; Fairfield, NSW, 1954; Auburn, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Pierce Mark Hoare|Hoare, Pierce Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9G8-XMV] - 1895(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SL Lismore (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1227, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, Cyclist Corps &amp; Machine Gun Co, 1916-1919); radio clubs (Richmond River Listeners' League) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Lismore, NSW, 1930-1937); radio engineer (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1958); no occupation (Lismore, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOBART-DUFF''===

* [[/William Vere Hobart Duff|Hobart-Duff, William Vere see Duff, William Vere Hobart]]

===''HOBBS''===

* [[/Ivor Melville Hobbs|Hobbs, Ivor Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8R-524] - 1907(WA)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 6DO Merredin (!938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2202, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine-driver (Merredin, WA, 1936-1943); ice manufacturer (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1968)

===''HOBCROFT''===

* [[/Hurtle Horace Hobcroft|Hobcroft, Hurtle Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-G5T] - 1899(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5RE Adelaide (West Brunswick, 1928); 5RE Renmark (1931-1939, 1946-1956); 5RE Adelaide (Linden Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 420, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Relationships: Father of Rex Kelvin Hobcroft - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Carlton North, 1925-1926; Brunswick West, 1928); horticulturalist (Renmark, 1939-1943)

===''HOBLER''===

* [[/Cecil Forde Hobler|Hobler, Cecil Forde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Q-TK9] - 1899(Qld)-1964(PNG) - Licences: 4HR Barcaldine (ca 1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: cousin of 4DO Harold Learmonth Hobler - Electoral Rolls: student (Rockhampton, Qld, 1921); solicitor (Barcaldine, Qld, 1925-1937) - TroveTag &quot;4HR - Cecil Forde Hobler&quot; 

* [[/Harold Learmonth Hobler|Hobler, Harold Learmonth &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKZ-8N1] - 1906(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 1217 Rockhampton (1921-1924); 4DO Receive Rockhampton (1923-1924); 4DO Rockhampton (1925-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 110, 1925, No. 12 in Qld; CPRT 1003, 1928 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, JOTA); business proprietor (picture theatre); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - QSLs: Remnant of QSL collection (250+) acquired ex Ebay by SSD &amp; donated to NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Cousin of Cecil Forde Hobler - Electoral Rolls: theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1930-1937); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1943); soldier (Bulimba, 1943); theatre proprietor (Rockhampton, 1949); theatre manager (Rockhampton, 1958-1963); property owner (Rockhampton North, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;1217-4DO - Harold Learmonth Hobler&quot;

===''HOCKING''===

* [[/Edward John Hocking|Hocking, Edward John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK9-XC9] - 1898(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AIE Sydney (Hornsby, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2004, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hornsby, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Harry Hocking|Hocking, Harry or Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-DZ4] - 1920(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2AMG Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939); 2HH Sydney (Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2225, NSW; COCP2 661, 1942; COCP1 699, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Campsie, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Cronulla, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''HODDER''===

* [[/Clarence William Hodder|Hodder, Clarence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLK-ZRC] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Parkside, 1923); 5LY Adelaide (Parkside, 1934-1939, 1947; Bridgewater, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1354, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Parkside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Frederick Alexander Hodder|Hodder, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD2L-6LY] - 1917(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DV Sydney (Woollahra, 1935-1936; Rose Bay, 1937; Bondi North, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1437, 1935, NSW; AIR3 1010, 1947; BOCP 1078, 1949; COCP2 1204, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (North Bondi, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Ivan Reynall Hodder|Hodder, Ivan Reynall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX73-HKS] - 1899(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3RH Glenorchy (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 471, 1919 (Marconi); COCP1 417, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (applied 1AIF, 1918, discharged due to demob); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk at time of enlistment 1918; radio engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925); farmer (&quot;Eromanga&quot;, Glenorchy, Vic, 1931); aeradio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); examiner (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1954; Deepdene, Vic, 1958-1963; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968); retired (Myrtleford, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODDINOTT''===

* [[/Francis William Hoddinott|Hoddinott, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N4Q-3X7] - 1886(Vic)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Eagle Junction, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockville Estate, Toowoomba, Qld, 1908; Toowoomba, Qld, 1912; Sandgate, Qld, 1919; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1921-1943; West End, 1949); retired (Tamborine Mountain, Qld, 1958-1963; Hendra, Qld, 1968)

===''HODGE''===

* [[/Herbert Gibson Hodge|Hodge, Herbert Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYT-MZ8] - 1910(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Canterbury, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1202, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1934-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1967); mechanic (Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HODGES''===

* [[/Ronald Albert Hodges|Hodges, Ronald Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDB-YFC] - 1911(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3HO Melbourne (Merlynston, 1932-1937; Pascoe Vale South, 1938-1939, 1947-1975); 3HO Point Lonsdale (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 875, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 1COCP 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: tinsmith (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); winder (Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1942-1977); retired (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Charles Hunting Hodges|Hodges, Wilfred Charles Hunting]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-P5X] - 1895(Vic)-1949(Qld) - Licences: XPS Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914); - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 639, 1921; 2COCP 7, 1929; 1COCP 122, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1925); radio (Malvern East, Vic, 1928); radio telegraphist (Sunshine, Vic, 1931); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); senior radio telegraphist (Cooktown, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''HODGKINS''===

* [[/Ernest Paradine Hodgkins|Hodgkins, Ernest Paradine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGTW-ZBW] - 1899(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2EH Sydney (Punchbowl, 1934-1939); 2EH Wagga Wagga (1946-1947); 2EH Avoca Beach (1948-1961); 2EH Narara (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1262, 1934, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930); teacher (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937; Avoca Beach, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Narara, NSW, 1968-1972)

===''HODGKINSON''===

* [[/Francis Charles Hodgkinson|Hodgkinson, Francis Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDBM-J4S] - 1906(???)-1977(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: jeweller's assistant (Ulverstone, 1928-1949); watchmaker (Ulverstone, 1954)

===''HODSON''===

* [[/Victor Hodson|Hodson, Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-DV2] - 1890(SA)-1917(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 145, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HOE''===

* [[/Frederick Hoe|Hoe, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS4Q-CSG] - 1886(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer; business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Father of 4FO Fred Hoe - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fortitude Valley, Qld, 1913; Yeronga, Qld, 1916-1919); manager (Yeronga, Qld, 1921-1972)

* [[/Fred Hoe|Hoe, Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G796-MWK] - 1913(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4FO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1933-1939; Annerley, 1946-1954) -  Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 53, 1931; AOCP 1188, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Edgar V. Hudson); business proprietor (Fred Hoe and Sons) - Relationships: Son of Frederick Hoe - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Yeronga, Qld, 1936-1937); general manager (Annerley, Qld, 1949); business manager (Salisbury, Qld, 1954); manager (Buranda, Qld, 1954-1963; Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968); company director (Holland Park West, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''HOGAN''===

* [[/Thomas David Hogan|Hogan, Thomas David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWC-ZSN] - 1913(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3HX Charlton (1935-1939); 3HX Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1960); 3HX Cottles Bridge (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1573, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Charlton, Vic, 1935-1936); journalist (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); company director (Dromana, Vic, 1958); manager (Cottles Bridge, Vic, 1963-1977)

* [[/Martin Joseph Hogan|Hogan, Martin Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMW-GZX] - 1906(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2KX Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 872, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Turramurra, NSW, 1930; North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1937); public servant (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1954); clerk (Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Thomas Kevin Hogan|Hogan, Thomas Kevin]] - 1914(WA)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2066, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Claremont, WA, 1936); junior observer (Magnetic Observatory, Watheroo, WA, 1937); examiner of patents (Reid, ACT, 1943); research officer (Penshurst, NSW, 1949); engineer (Cooma, NSW, 1958); university director (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1963-1968); professor (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''HOGG''===

* [[/Stanley Hogg|Hogg, Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBD-TCR] - 1908(Eng)-1987(WA) - Licences: 6SG Harvey (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1382, 1934, WA; BOCP 142, 1938; 2COCP 240, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: milk tester (Harvey, WA, 1930-1937); radio operator (AAMS Wireless Station, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1949); aircraft engineer (Kewdale, WA, 1954-1968; Belmont, WA, 1972); retired (Coodanup, WA, 1977; Mandurah, WA, 1980)

===''HOLDEN''===

* [[/Stanley Timms Holden|Holden, Stanley Timms]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBNZ-T2Y] - 1919(Vic)-2012(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Kew, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2120, 1938, Vic; BOCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew North, Vic, 1949); civil servant (Kew North, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''HOLDER''===

* [[/Edward Gascoyne Holder|Holder, Edward Gascoyne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6X3-3KW] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: XJCA Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1922-1926); salesman (Auburn, Vic, 1926-1928); manager (Auburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); proprietor sports store (Camperdown, Vic, 1937); salesman (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972); retired (Balwyn, Vic, 1977)

===''HOLLAND''===

* [[/Albert John Evan Holland|Holland, Albert John Evan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-VBH] - 1896(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 12, 1924, No. 3 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 3JH Frank Henry James Holland - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925; Essendon, 1926); engineer (Essendon, 1928-1931; Camberwell, 1936-1954); nil (Nunawading, 1963)

* [[/Charles Ernest Holland|Holland, Charles Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNGN-7DF] - 1891(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: XKZ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Troop) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CEH - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1919); mechanic (St Kilda West, Vic, 1921-1937; Port Melbourne, Vic, 1943); engineer (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1958); retired (St Kilda North, Vic, 1967) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/199059 VWMA]

* [[/Clive Holland|Holland, Clive &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-QQV] - 1918(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XC Maryborough (1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2075, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical wireman (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio servicer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frank Henry James Holland|Holland, Frank Henry James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQW-S1W] - 1899(Eng)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1926, shared with brother) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 596, 1920 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well placed in Trans-Pacific Tests 1923 despite inferior equipment - Relationships: brother of 3JH Albert John Evan Holland - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1925); boot repairer (Essendon, 1926-1928); labourer (North Essendon, 1931); boot repairer (Olinda, 1934-1943); postal clerk (Sandringham, 1949); clerk (Heidelberg, 1954-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;3JH - Frank Henry James Holland&quot;

* [[/Ronald Weymouth Holland|Holland, Ronald Weymouth &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJJ7-171] - 1914(SA)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4AQ Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2392, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); departmental manager (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''HOLLOWAY''===

* [[/William Hart Holloway|Holloway, William Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ5-HRT] - 1876(Eng)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 20, 1914; 1COCP 41, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1909; Whitemark, Flinders Island, 1914-1919); wireless operator (Broome, 1918-1922); O.J.C. Radio (Camberwell, 1924-1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, 1928); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Emita, Flinders Island, 1936-1937); farmer (Lady Barron, 1943-1949)

===''HOLMAN''===

* [[/Charles William Russell Holman|Holman, Charles William Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTD7-PZR] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6HM Perth (Wembley Park, 1939, 1947); 6HM Boulder (1948); 1HM Cocos Island (1954-1955); 6HM Narrogin (1955); 3AHX Melbourne (East Kew, 1956); 8AS Darwin (Fanny Bay, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2340, 1939, WA; BOCP 443, 1942; AOCP1 47, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: steel worker (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Brown Hill, Kalgoorlie, WA, 1949); observer (Fannie Bay, NT, 1958-1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); technician (Innaloo, WA, 1968-1980)

===''HOLMES''===

* [[/Douglas Edward Holmes|Holmes, Douglas Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMYQ-ML2] - 1906(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2MX Dubbo (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 981, 1932, NSW; BOCP 14, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Dubbo, NSW, 1930); salesman (Dubbo, NSW, 1932-1937); broadcasting engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943); manager radio station (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1949-1963); clerk (Palm Beach, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Noel Arthur Holmes|Holmes, Noel Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPB2-TRG] - 1893(NSW)-1966(Qld) - Licences: XEU Sydney (Manly, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Marconi operator, SS Benalla, 1914; WW1 (Army, 2nd Signals Troop, 1916; Air Flying Corps, 1917-1918, Awarded British War Medal); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); sales manager (Manly, NSW, 1930); poulterer (Mosman, NSW, 1932-1934); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); salesman (Dee Why, NSW, 1954; Brookvale, NSW, 1958); retired (Manly, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Victor Ashforth Holmes|Holmes, Victor Ashforth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRB-HB5] - 1899(Qld)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2AKP Moree (1938-1939); 2AKP Newcastle (Maitland East, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2188, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Murrurundi, NSW, 1930; Quirindi, NSW, 1931); night officer (Minnimbah, NSW, 1934); railway employee (Glen Innes, NSW, 1936-1937); radio technician (East Maitland, NSW, 1949-1963)

===''HOLSCHIER''===

* [[/Joseph Holschier|Holschier, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRBM-1XK] - 1917(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 2AKA Moira (1938-1939); 3HM Melbourne (Clifton Hill, 1947; Richmond, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2125, 1938, NSW; BOCP 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''HOLST''===

* [[/Arnold Owen Holst|Holst, Arnold Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-ZPD] - 1898(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: XPH Melbourne (Caulfield, 1913-1914); 3OH Melbourne (Toorak, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY); electrician - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: sharebroker (Camberwell, 1922-1934; Toorak, 1935-1972)

* [[/Hector James Holst|Holst, Hector James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-X23] - 1903(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1954) -  Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, 1925-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;3BY - Hector James Holst&quot;

* [[/Otto Holst|Holst, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-2M7] - 1906(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3BY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1955-1967) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 79, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (through brother Hector's station 3BY) - took over 3BY callsign after passing of brother Hector James Holst in 1954 - believed several brothers involved in wireless &amp;/or broadcasting - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Caulfield, 1928-1963)

===''HOLSTEN''===

* [[/Frank Dawson Holsten|Holsten, Frank Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV76-V7P] - 1917(SA)-2010(SA)92yo - Licences: 5LK Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1947; Unley Park, 1948; Kings Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2166, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toorak Gardens, SA, 1939); RAAF (Unley Park, SA, 1941)

===''HOLT''===

* [[/Bernard Molineux Holt|Holt, Bernard Molineux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQR-MJP] - 1883(NZ)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president WIA WA; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo WIA WA) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Claremont, 1910-1914; Osborne, 1917-1954)

* [[/Reginald Allen Holt|Holt, Reginald Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3N-2Z9] - 1906(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2HW Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1936); 2HW Tahmoor (1937-1939); 2HW Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1961; Padstow, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 297, 1930; COCP1 169, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1935); wireless officer (Tahmoor, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1954); technician (Padstow, 1963-1972)

===''HOMBERG''===

* [[/S. G. Homberg|Homberg, S. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (Malvern, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HONNOR''===

* [[/John Morten Honnor|Honnor, John Morten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNV-ZM6] - 1900(SA)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 5AE Adelaide (Prospect, 1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 192, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Knoxville, SA, 1939-1941); RAAF (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); instructor (Hampton, 1949; Bentleigh, 1954-1980)

===''HOOBIN''===

* [[/Laurence William Hoobin|Hoobin, Laurence or Lawrence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1X7-VMG] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1936-1939; Oakleigh, 1947; Bentleigh, 1948; South Caulfield, 1954-1956); 3AQH Melbourne (Sassafras, 1956); 4VH Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1960); 3VH Melbourne (North Clayton, 1965); 6VH Perth (Applecross, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1647, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Alphington, Vic, 1927); manager (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Clayton North, Vic, 1963); retired (Applecross, Vic, 1968)

===''HOOD''===

* [[/John George Hamilton Hood|Hood, John George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G772-RK8] - 1904(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3BP Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3BP Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 182, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (East St Kilda, 1925-1931); draughtsman (Toorak, 1934-1937; Malvern, 1943-1967)

===''HOOK''===

* [[/George Charles Hook|Hook, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPYK-WW5] - 1895(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XADC Sydney (Kogarah, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Bombadier, 14th Field Artillery Brigade, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: checking officer (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1933); Commonwealth Public Servant (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1934-1936; Cowra, NSW, 1937; Albury, NSW, 1943); stipendiary magistrate (Haberfield, NSW, 1949)

===''HOOKE''===

* [[/Lionel George Alfred Hooke|Hooke, Lionel George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NK-KDV] - 1895(Vic)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 3M? Melbourne - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 529, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, early wireless experimenter, ship wireless operator (Aurora, 1914, support Shackleton's expedition), radio clubs (IRE Aust), business (AWA, senior management), honours (knighted, 1937) - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927); business manager (Neutral Bay, 1933); manager (Killara, NSW, 1936-1972) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hooke-sir-lionel-george-alfred-10536 ADB]

===''HOOKER''===

* [[/Walter Theodore Hooker|Hooker, Walter Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1W-QB5] - 1901(St Kitts)-1949(Tas) - Licences: 7JH Hobart (New Town, 1933-1939); 7JH Waddamanna (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1161, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart North, 1922); electrical engineer (New Town, 1928); electrician (New Town, 1936); engineer (Waddamanna, 1937-1943)

===''HOOPER''===

* [[/Allan Wallbank Hooper|Hooper, Allan Wallbank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB8M-VJG] - 1898(SA)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 4KR Willis Island (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 432, 1919; 2COCP 8, 1929; 1COCP 127, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: unemployed (Manly, NSW, 1949); telegraphist (Little Bay, NSW, 1949; Yarra Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Charles Joseph Hooper|Hooper, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY1-9ZC] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AGB Sydney (Concord, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 98, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Concord, NSW, 1943); hotel proprietor (Australian Hotel, Yass, NSW, 1949-1958); public servant (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Edgar Maxwell Hooper|Hooper, Edgar Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZV-CD1] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3MM Melbourne (Burwood, 1933; Auburn, 1937-1939); 3SX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 795, 1923; 2COCP 117, 1930; 1COCP 109, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Burwood, Vic, 1931); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1954); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Ronald George Hooper|Hooper, Ronald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94J2-QS5] - 1911(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: 5NL Adelaide (Stepney, 1947-1948; Mile End, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2395, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: moulder (Mile End, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HOPE''===

* [[/Donald Vinten Hope|Hope, Donald Vinten]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1XF-VBK] - 1922(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3XA Melbourne (Armadale, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1955; Blackburn, 1956; Mt Waverley, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2430, 1940, Vic; BOCP 419, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Mitcham, Vic, 1949-1954); director (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Lyndsay Arthur Hope|Hope, Lyndsay Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYX-575] - 1906(Tas)-1997(Tas) - Licences: 7LA Launceston (1925-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 188, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; WW2; gave up experimental callsign for use by his Class B licence, 7LA Launceston - Relationships: brother of 7RS Ronald Springfield Hope - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Launceston, 1928); bank officer (Ulverstone, 1936); accountant (Scottsdale, 1949; Bridport, 1954-1972)

* [[/Ronald Springford Hope|Hope, Ronald Springford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTCW-PDG] - 1909(Tas)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 7RS Launceston (1926-1927); 7RS Hobart (City, 1931; Sandy Bay, 1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 263, 1926, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 75, 1932; ROCP N1832, 1976 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (designed &amp; constructed transmission systems for 7HO Hobart &amp; 7UV Ulverstone); later employed by STC England - Relationships: brother of 7LA Lyndsay Arthur Hope - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Queensborough, Tas, 1936); not specified (Finchley, Eng, 1936-1938); engineer (Thornleigh, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Beecroft, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''HOPKINS''===

* [[/Edward Alfred Hopkins|Hopkins, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM4D-3QJ] - 1902(Tas)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Receive Moonah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 4858, 1964 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Moonah, 1928); engineer (Milson's Point, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1949-1954); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1958-1980)

===''HOPWOOD''===

* [[/Gordon John Hopwood|Hopwood, Gordon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ3-D5Q] - 1916(WA)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7GJ Hobart (Hobart CBD, 1938-1939, 1947; New Town, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2207, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart, Tas, 1943; New Town, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''HORAN''===

* [[/Kevin John Horan|Horan, Kevin John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-FTZ] - 1912(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5DQ Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1931; Unley, 1933); 2AJU Broken Hill (1938-1939); 5DQ Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1947-1960; Grange, 1965-1969); 3ZD Melbourne (Glen Waverley, 1975); 5IT Adelaide (Fulham, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 672, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); manager (Glen Waverley, 1972-1977)

===''HORBURY''===

* [[/Alfred Albert Frank Horbury|Horbury, Alfred Albert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L71C-N81] - 1895(Vic)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XLC Bendigo (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 464, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Albert Park, Vic, 1919); engineer assistant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1921-1922); draftsman (St Kilda, Vic, 1924); assistant engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1933; Woolwich, NSW, 1934-1935); electrical engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1954)

===''HORN''===

* [[/David Horn|Horn, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS41-9K4] - 1909(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Tara (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2021, 1937, Qld; BOCP 578, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Somerset Dam, Qld, 1936-1937; Baralba, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); medical practitioner (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954)

* [[/Irvan James Horn|Horn, Irvan James or James Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WF-GB6] - 1905(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JH Perth (City, 1928, 1937-1939); 3HX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 427, 1928, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 29, 1935; 1COCP, 127, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Perth, WA, 1936-1937); wireless officer (Subiaco, WA, 1943); electrical contractor (Subiaco, WA, 1949); contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrical contractor (Albert Park, Vic, 1963); retired (West Perth, WA, 1977; Subiaco, WA, 1980)

===''HORNBLOWER''===

* [[/Olaf Hornblower|Hornblower, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT3D-L4P] - 1914(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AMT Sydney (Moore Park, 1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2329, 1939, NSW; BOCP 333, 1940; COCP1 612, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Surry Hills, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''HORNE''===

* [[/Cecil Thomas Horne|Horne, Cecil Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ13-4GK] - 1900(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2AIK Sydney (Matraville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AIK West Wyalong (1948); 2AIK Huskinson (1950); 2AIK Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2005, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gundaroo, NSW, 1930; Quaama, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; West Wyalong, NSW, 1949); school teacher (Huskisson, NSW, 1949); no occupation (North Ryde, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Gaius John Horne|Horne, Ronald Gains or Gaius John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-77P] - 1918(Qld)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3AGR Maryborough (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2316, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''HORROCKS''===

* [[/George Samuel Blake Horrocks|Horrocks, George Samuel Blake]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF94-19M] - 1911(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 6GS Harvey (1932-1939, 1947-1948); 6GS Wagin (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 919, 1932, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1154, 1950; TVOCP 61, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Harvey, WA, 1936-1949); radio technician (Mt Lawley, WA, 1954); technician (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963)

===''HOSKEN''===

* [[/Arthur John Dryden Hosken|Hosken, Arthur John Dryden]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6KH-BX8] - 1889(Eng)-1966(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 727, 1922 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918), WW1 - Electoral Rolls: seaman (Williamstown, 1914-1919); Amalgamated Wireless (Darwin, 1922)

* [[/Stanley Victor Hosken|Hosken, Stanley Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HWQ-MGG] - 1894(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MP Receive Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3MP Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923-1924; Surrey Hills, 1925-1933; Broadmeadows, 1934-1939; St Albans, 1946-1955; Hawthorn, 1956-1965; Mitcham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 6, 1924, No. 2 in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (3AR, 3LO) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hawthorn, 1919-1924); electrical engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1925-1931); senior mechanic PMGD (3AR station, Broadmeadows, 1936-1937); civil servant (3AR Station, St Albans, 1942-1954); nil (Hawthorn, 1963-1967; Mitcham, 1968)

===''HOSKING''===

* [[/Aubrey Piere Hosking|Hosking, Aubrey Piere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYV-D7R] - 1891(South Africa)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 376, 1918; 1COCP 117, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; WW2; VIT Townsville (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Townsville, 1919); telegraphist (South Yarra, Vic, 1921-1922); radio telegraphist (Canterbury, Vic, 1924); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1926; Balwyn, Vic, 1928; Lindfield, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''HOSKINS''===

* [[/John Stark Hoskins|Hoskins, John Stark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61K-FZ3] - 1891(NZ)-1987(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 147, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: business manager (Claremont, WA, 1929)

===''HOURIGAN''===

* [[/James Broderick Hourigan|Hourigan, James Broderick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFH-5J8] - 1909(WA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 3SG Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939); 3SG Port Fairy (1947-1948); 8DA NT (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1771, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1937-1943); radio employee (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''HOUSEMAN''===

* [[/Austin Alfred Houseman|Houseman, Austin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLS-1HJ] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACB Sydney (Epping, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 423, 1933; COCP1 326, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937; Fiskville, Vic, 1949); technician (Wireless Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Bassendean, WA, 1954-1958); manager (Radio Park, Applecross, WA, 1963); station manager (OTC Station, Doonside, NSW, 1968); manager (Doonside, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Hbrts Is, NSW, 1980)

===''HOUSTON''===

* [[/Archibald John Houston|Houston, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-L9Y] - 1905(Vic)-1965(SA) - Licences: 3NX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 999, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Sandringham, Vic, 1927-1937); electrical fitter (Brighton, Vic, 1942); engineer (Hampton, Vic, 1949)

===''HOWARD''===

* [[/Earl Stephen Howard|Howard, Earl Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQMV-XQL] - 1895(Tas)-1938(Vic) - Licences: 7ET Hobart (Moonah, 1928-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 470, 1928, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, 1919-1922; Moonah, 1928-1936)

===''HOWDEN''===

* [[/John Maxwell Howden|Howden, John Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH2L-7LN] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: 3ZCH Melbourne (Burwood, 1956; Box Hill 1960-1975); 3BQX Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+) -  Qualifications: AOLCP 187, 1956; AOCP V610, 1979 - amateur operator - Relationships: son of 3BQ Walter Francis Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Walter Francis Maxwell Howden|Howden, Walter Francis Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G43K-1TC] - 1899(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: No 19 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1920); V140 Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1921); 3BQ Receive Melbourne (Box Hill, 1922); 3BQ Melbourne (Box Hill, 1923-1927; Canterbury, 1928-1939 &amp; 1946-1975+); 3ABQ Melbourne (portable, &quot;Canterbury&quot;, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: AOCP 114, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, first to QSO USA; first to QSO England, first on telegraphy, then telephony; journalist (Listener In); Bright Star Crystals 1930s-1950s; QSLs: substantial portion of QSL collection survives at NFSA (1800+) - Relationships: father of 3ZCH/3BQX John Maxwell Howden - Electoral Rolls: student (Box Hill, 1924-1927); wireless engineer (Ringwood, 1928); engineer (Camberwell, 1931-1954) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199611.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199612.pdf EA2] - TroveTag: &quot;19-V140-3BQ-3ABQ - Walter Francis Maxwell Howden&quot;

===''HOWE''===

* [[/Harold Douglas Howe|Howe, Harold Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HW-L7X] - 1919(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Pagewood, 1957-1958; Gordon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2411, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954); chartered engineer (Pagewood, NSW, 1958); engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Harry Wesley Howe|Howe, Harry Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDX-TBM] - 1901(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2ABF Sydney (Kensington, 1936-1938; Auburn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1715, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Kensington, NSW, 1936-1937; Auburn, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/John Joseph Howe|Howe, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD83-QNG] - 1886(Irl)-1949(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 117, 1915; 1COCP 15, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Pinkenba, Qld, 1919; Moonah, Tas, 1922; New Town, Tas, 1928-1943)

* [[/Raymond Raine Howe|Howe, Raymond Raine &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHH-KJN] - 1919(Qld)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 4RH Bundaberg (1936-1939); 2ARH Sydney (Vaucluse, 1946-1955; Epping, 1956-1960); 3YH Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP 1812, 1936, No. ?? in Qld; 3AIR 1009, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); military (RAAF, career, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: Wireless Operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Vaucluse, NSW, 1949); RAAF officer (Campbell, ACT, 1963); RAAF (Syndal, Vic, 1967); RAAF officer (Dickson, ACT, 1972-1977); retired (Narrawallee, NSW, 1980)

===''HOWES''===

* [[/John Wesley Howes|Howes, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G713-684] - 1916(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ABS Sydney (Bondi, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1938-1939; Kingsford, 1946-1948; Oatley, 1950-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1611, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 29, 1946; BOCP 805, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1972); technician (Oatley, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HOWIE''===

* [[/Colin Robert Howie|Howie, Colin Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSQ-F2H] - 1913(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1211, 1933, SA; COCP2 39, 1935; COCP1 66, 1935 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Mile End, SA, 1939); radio officer (Rose Park, SA, 1941); radio engineer (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1943); radio operator (Glenelg, SA, 1943)

===''HOWLETT''===

* [[/Arthur Montague Howlett|Howlett, Arthur Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPZ-NWZ] - 1882(Eng)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 130, 1915; 2COCP 253, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Esperance, 1916); warrant officer R.A.N.R.S. (Thursday Island, 1919); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1925-1931; Clayfield, Qld, 1936); wireless operator (Clayfield, 1943-1954); retired (Clayfield, Qld, 1958)

===''HOWLING''===

* [[/Robert John Henry Howling|Howling, Robert John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS9-BV7] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3DM Receive Melbourne (Croydon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2382, 1939, Vic - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram employee (Melbourne North, Vic, 1928-1937; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942-1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''HOY''===

* [[/Augustus James Hoy|Hoy, Augustus or Augustine James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8LR-265] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GJ Warrnambool (1931-1933); 3GJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Port Melbourne, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 577, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924-1934); signwriter (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1937; North Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Innaloo North, WA, 1958-1968); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1977)

===''HUBAND''===

* [[/Ronald William Huband|Huband, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX49-QBG] - 1914(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2RV Werris Creek (1933-1939); 2RV Broken Hill (1947-1975); 2AYN Sydney (Blackwall, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1235, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: porter (Werris Creek, NSW, 1935-1936); clerk (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949-1958); manager (Ettalong, NSW, 1963)

===''HUBSHER''===

* [[/Lassalle Paul Hubsher|Hubscher or Hubsher, Lassalle Paul &quot;Paul&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWF-8DP] - 1913(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4UL Brisbane (Bulimba, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1578, 1935, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; Evans Deakin engineering - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Valley, Qld, 1936-1937); draftsman (Annerley, 1943-1968)

===''HUDSON''===

* [[/William Henry Hudson|Hudson, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4BR-1P4] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XBO Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1913-1914); 2PO Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2AR Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1922-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 18, 1924, No. 8 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1963) - Comment: beware, several contemporaneous WHHs - TroveTag: &quot;XBO-2PO-2AR - William Henry Hudson&quot;

===''HUEY''===

* [[/Richard Meredyth Huey|Huey, Richard Meredyth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WP-Y1Z] - 1913(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1931; Cronulla, 1933-1937); 3UE Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1938-1939); 2AHU Sydney (Sylvania, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 437, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Cronulla, 1935-1937); army officer (Melbourne, 1943); engineer (West Pennant Hills, 1949; Pennant Hills, 1954; Edgecliff, 1958-1963; Sylvania, 1977-1980); retired (Mittagong, 1980)

===''HUGGETT''===

* [[/Walter Gordon Huggett|Huggett, Walter Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP24-33Y] - 1911(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3QI Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2433, 1940, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boot trade (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1954); radio technician (Northcote, Vic, 1963); radio tradesman (Whitfield, Vic, 1968); technician (Whitfield, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''HUGGINS''===

* [[/David Roy Huggins|Huggins, David Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDW3-LXL] - 1892(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ZW Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: organ builder (Petersham, 1913); piano maker (Neutral Bay, 1930-1968); builder (Cremorne, 1972)

===''HUGHES''===

* [[/Allan Hughes|Hughes, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLG-GNT] - 1918(NSW)-2018(NSW)99yo - Licences: 2AGR Sydney (Ashfield, 1937-1939, 1946; Beecroft, 1947-1948); 2AGR Katoomba (1950); 2AGR Sydney (Ryde, 1954-1955; Wahroonga, 1956-1975); 2AGR Batehaven (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1899, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Wahroonga, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Batehaven, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Cedric Stuart Castlereagh Hughes|Hughes, Cedric Stuart Castlereagh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHLK-6H7] - 1893(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: XJDU Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 281, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Merchant Seaman) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, Vic, 1914; Brighton, Vic, 1924; South Yarra, Vic, 1931-1949)

* [[/Clive Alan Hughes|Hughes, Clive Alan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MV-3XQ] - 1900(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3CA Ararat (1927); 3CA Melbourne (Williamstown, 1931-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 343, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Williamstown, Vic, 1924-1928); schoolmaster (Williamstown, Vic, 1936-1963)

* [[/Ernest Weston Hughes|Hughes, Ernest Weston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P7-W4Q] - 1906(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 3VB Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 955, 1927 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1935); electrical fitter (Darebin, Vic, 1936); electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942); grower (Burleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Chinderah, NSW, 1958-1963; Kingscliff, NSW, 1968) 

* [[/George Herbert Hughes|Hughes, George Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-4JB] - 1909(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4HU Brisbane (Windsor, 1937-1939; Annerley, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1929, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: store keeper (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1937); branch manager (Annerley, Qld, 1943-1958); technician (Tarragindi, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Laurence William Hughes|Hughes, Laurence William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPD-YWM] - 1910(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2QP Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1954; Bankstown East, 1955-1961; Greenacre, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1226, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Oatley, NSW, 1931); chauffeur (Punchbowl, NSW, 1933-1937); radio technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1954); instrument maker (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1963; Bankstown, NSW, 1968)

* [[/William Clarence Hughes|Hughes, William Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5M8-134] - 1889(Vic)-1941(NSW) - Licences: XFX Sydney (Rozelle, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rozelle, NSW, 1913); marine engineer (Arncliffe, NSW, 1933-1937)

* [[/William Morris Hughes|Hughes, William Morris &quot;Billy&quot;, &quot;The Little Digger&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/942Q-6YT] - 1862(Eng)-1952(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Australian politician, Prime Minister of Australia (1915-1923), oversight of Wireless Regulations 1922, influential in direction of wireless generally throughout his political career as well as specific broadcasting services - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Billy Hughes|Wikipedia]]

===''HUGO''===

* [[/Ronald William Stuart Hugo|Hugo, Ronald William Stuart or Stewart (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMZ-CLZ] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KW Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Floreat Park, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2081, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Subiaco, WA, 1931-1934); salesman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1963); manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1968-1977)

===''HULL''===

* [[/Allan Galbraith Hull|Hull, Allan Galbraith &quot;Braith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-PTY] - 1905(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist (Wireless Weekly, editor; Radio and Hobbies, editor 1939; Australasian Radio World, editor 1940-1950) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; 3JU Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1931); journalist (Northbridge, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1935-1936); engineer (Rose Bay, 1937); manager (Malvern, 1942); journalist (Mornington, 1949); publisher (Sandringham, 1954); printer (Oakleigh, 1958-1963; Chadstone, 1967-1968; Glen Iris, 1972; Mt Waverley, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Atherley Hull|Hull, Frederick Atherley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5M-MT9] - 1906(NZL)-1997(WA) - Licences: 6FH Pingrup (1930-1931); 6FH Port Hedland (1937-1939, 1946-1956); 6FH Perth (Claremont, 1960-1975; Nedlands, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CRPT 1139, 1929; 2COCP 271, 1930 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Perth, 1929); radio operator (Port Hedland, 1937-1954); unemployed (Claremont, 1958); technical officer (Claremont, 1963-1972; Nedlands, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 6RH Raymond Alfred Hull

* [[/George Maxwell Hull|Hull, George Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LQ-S44] - 1916(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZS Melbourne (Canterbury, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2307, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, 1943); proprietor (Canterbury, 1949-1980)

* [[/Raymond Alfred Hull|Hull, Raymond Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP1-BSL] - 1908(NZ)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6RH Pingrup (1929-1931); 6RH Perth (Wembley, 1937; Mt Hawthorn, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 558, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 590, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Maylands, 1934); traveller (Subiaco, 1949); sales director (Victoria Park, 1958-1963) - Relationships: brother of 6FH Frederick Atherley Hull

* [[/Ross Amos Hull|Hull, Ross Amos]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQD-P5W] - 1902(Vic)-1938(USA) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA Vic Kew, president, 1923); journalist (Wireless Weekly, technical editor; QST, technical editor) - Relationships: brother of William Howard Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Comment: Gone too soon - TroveTag: &quot;3JU-2JU - Ross Amos Hull&quot; - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198902.pdf EA]

* [[/William Howard Hull|Hull, William Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7WJ-723] - 1891(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Relationships: brother of 3JU Ross Amos Hull &amp; Allan Galbraith Hull - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Cobungra, 1914-1915); engineer (Armadale, 1921; Brighton, 1922-1931; Caulfield, 1934-1949); retired (Beaconsfield Upper, 1954)

===''HULME''===

* [[/Edwin Cuthbert Hulme|Hulme, Edwin Cuthbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5D7-RF9] - 1918(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Sydney (Kensington South, 1934-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Undercliffe, 1946; Earlwood, 1947-1955; Carrs Park, 1956-1965); 2OZ Bulli (1965); 2EN Sydney (Carrs Park, 1969); 2EN Half Moon Reach (1975); 2EN Sydney (Marrickville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1409, 1934, NSW; COCP3 N1406, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio design engineer (Undercliffe, NSW, 1943); manufacturing engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949-1954); company director (Carrs Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUMBERG''===

* [[/Stanley Garfield Humberg|Humberg, Stanley Garfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-Q6K] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3RG Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924); sales (Brighton, Vic, 1926-1963)

===''HUME''===

* [[/Ernest James Hume|Hume, Ernest James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYR-TZM] - 1869(Vic)-1929(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; son of James Hill Hume, father of Ernest Jeremy Hume

* [[/Ernest Jeremy Hume|Hume, Ernest Jeremy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-727] - 1906(SA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - chief engineer 5DN - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Unley, 1939-1941; Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1963; Carnegie, 1968-1977) - Relationships: grandson of James Hill Hume, son of Ernest James Hume and Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy

* [[/Geoffrey Vincent Hume|Hume, Geoffrey Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQCL-NM1] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2GV Sydney (Cremorne, 1927-1930); 2AMD Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2VR Sydney (Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 365, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Neutral Bay, 1930-1936; Mosman, 1937); RAAF (Ballarat, 1942); clerk (Turramurra, 1949); technical assistant (Pymble, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Hill Hume|Hume, James Hill]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-SLD] - 1822(??)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - alleged very early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: father of Ernest James Hume; father-in-law of Stella Leonora Harriet Hume nee Jeremy; grandfather of Ernest Jeremy Hume 

* [[/Stella Leonora Harriet Jeremy|Hume nee Jeremy, Stella Leonora Harriet]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYT-33D] - 1882(Vic)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil -  radio announcer (early 5DN) - Electoral Rolls: - Relationships: wife of Ernest James Hume; daughter-in-law of James Hill Hume; mother of Ernest Jeremy Hume

===''HUMPHREY''===

SEE ALSO HUMPHREYS, HUMPHRY, HUMPHRIES

* [[/George Henry Humphrey|Humphrey, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRT-13V] - 1905(???)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKW Sydney (Lakemba, 1938-1939; Eastwood, 1946-1947; Epping, 1948-1950; Eastwood, 1954; Concord, 1955-1958; St Ives, 1960-1965); 2AKW Forster (1969); 2NO Narara (1975); 2NO Sydney (Castle Hill, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2189, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcast engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1943); traveller (Concord, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1963; Forster, NSW, 1968; Narara, NSW, 1972); engineer (Castle Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''HUMPHREYS''===

* [[/Raymond Edward William Humphreys|Humphreys, Raymond Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB97-VFJ] - 1912(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3WO Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939; Prahran, 1947-1948; Box Hill, 1954-1969; Chadstone, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2031, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Warrnambool, Vic, 1934); labourer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); storeman (Armadale, Vic, 1943); sales (Malvern, Vic, 1949); traveller (Highett, Vic, 1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1967); sales (Chadstone, Vic, 1977)

===''HUMPHRIES''===

* [[/John Malcolm Campbell Humphries|Humphries, John Malcolm Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9F3-1VH] - 1886(NSW)-1934(NSW) - Licences: XADN Muswellbrook (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Muswellbrook, NSW, 1913-1934)

===''HUMPHRY''===

* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] - See Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood 4JH
* [[/Jack Lawrence Humphry|Humphry, Jack Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7M] - 1889(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JK Poopoonbah via Giru (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1349, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Husband of 4JH Innis Jane Lovett Humphry nee Spotswood - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Hodel, Ayr, Qld, 1912-1937; Poopoonbah, 1949-1954)

===''HUNT''===

* [[/George Percy Hunt|Hunt, George Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9BL-46V] - 1912(NSW)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6QJ Perth (Fremantle, 1965; Mosman Park, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1249, 1934, NSW; COCP3 W1485, 1972 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Military), Army, For courage &amp; ability as POW in Malaya, 1947; OBE (Military), Army, 1965 - Electoral Rolls: military officer (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1935-1937); AMF (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); soldier (Fremantle, WA, 1963); retired (Mosman Park, WA, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Chapman Hunt|Hunt, Henry Chapman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJ2-PF2] - 1912(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2290, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Wongan Hills, WA, 1949; Victoria Park, WA, 1954; Wembley, WA, 1963); shopkeeper (Geraldton, WA, 1968); business proprietor (Duncraig, WA, 1972-1977); retired (Bayswater, WA, 1980)

* [[/Joseph Alexander Hunt|Hunt, Joseph Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM1-9MM] - 1912(WA)-2002(WA) - Licences: 6JA Perth (Maylands, 1938-1939); 6JD Perth (Rockingham, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2112, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1936; Maylands, WA, 1937-1949); retired (Rockingham, WA, 1972)

===''HUNTER''===

* [[/Alexander Dunbar Hunter|Hunter, Alexander Dunbar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPD3-C81] - 1907(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2ACO Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1937; Bondi, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Maimuru, NSW, 1930); fruit merchant (North Ryde, NSW, 1930); merchant (Bondi, NSW, 1932); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Reginald Anthony Desmond Hunter|Hunter, Reginald Anthony Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6D-GHW] - 1918(WA)-1942(Indonesia)23yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2406, 1939, WA - amateur operator?; WW2 (RAAF, Wireless Operator/Air Gunner, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=83398 RAF Commands]; [https://aircrewremembered.com/sattler-geoffrey.html Aircrew Remembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''HUON''===

* [[/Hume Furlong Huon|Huon, Hume Furlong]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY25-RBY] - 1915(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3FH Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939); 3AFH Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1954-1956); 2AIH Sydney (Pymble, 1958-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1951, 1937, Vic; BOCP 188, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (St Kilda Central, Vic, 1936-1937); clerk (Balwyn, Vic, 1954); life assurance (Pymble, NSW, 1958; Glen Iris, Vic, 1963-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''HUPPATZ''===

* [[/William George Huppatz|Huppatz, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWTP-DF5] - 1900(Vic)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5GW Cowandilla (1931-1933); 5GW Naracoorte (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 801, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Naracoorte, SA, 1939); engineer (Cowandilla, 1941-1943)

===''HURLEY''===

* [[/August Leslie Joseph Hurley|Hurley, August Leslie Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQ3-FXP] - 1915(Vic)-2008(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3JH Melbourne (Coburg, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1311, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: TV technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''HURLL''===

* [[/Norman James Hurll|Hurll, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXC-BFF] - 1904(NSW)-2003(Qld, 98yo) - Licences: 2BC Sydney (Killara, 1924-1930); 4NJ Tallebudgera Creek (1931-1935); 2HJ Sydney (Killara, 1935-1937; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2IN?/2DKH Sydney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 96, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, CMF, CINT), business proprietor (Gas Light Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Killara, 1930); merchant (Killara, 1936-1937); soldier (Strathfield, 1943); company manager (Burwood, 1949-1963); Managing Director (Killara, 1968); Director (Killara, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2BC-4NJ-2HJ-2IN - Norman James Hurll&quot;

===''HURRY''===

* [[/Ronald Bruce Hurry|Hurry, Ronald Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-G1C] - 1911(South Africa)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 693, 1930, No. ?? in ?? - amateur operator?, amateur broadcaster?, electrical engineer (per 1939 South Africa marriage certificate) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''HUSBAND''===

* [[/Norman Errol Husband|Husband, Norman Errol]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F7-N7B] - 1893(Qld)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XABY Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 4CV Receive Charters Towers (1923); 4CV Charters Towers (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Charters Towers, 1917-1922; Mackay, 1925-1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1949-1958)

===''HUTCHINGS''===

* [[/Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings|Hutchings, Allan Thomas Edwards]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-2TM] - 1903(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3HL Receive Callawadda (1922-1923); 3HL Callawadda (1924-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: son of 3HM Elizabeth Lilian Hutchings nee Edwards; brother of 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Callawadda, 1927-1972)

* [[/Elizabeth Lilian Edwards|Hutchings nee Edwards, Elizabeth Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7GB-25T] - 1877(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 3HM Callawadda (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 509, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1926-1942) - Relationships: mother of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings and 3HQ Marjorie Lilian Williamson nee Hutchings - First woman in Australia to hold an amateur licence under the AOCP regime - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Wimmera Park, 1912-1924; Callawadda, 1925-1942) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Marjorie Lilian Hutchings|Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB52-GSC] - 1912(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3HQ Callawadda (1932-1939; 1946-1948); 3HQ Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1030, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: daughter of 3HM Elizabeth Lillian Hutchings nee Edwards; sister of 3HL Allan Thomas Edwards Hutchings - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Callawadda, 1934-1937); nurse (Alfred Hospital, Prahran, 1943); home duties (Callawadda, 1949; Bentleigh, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''HUTCHINS''===

* [[/Percy Clare Hutchins|Hutchins, Percy Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V4C-JR3] - 1912(SA)-1975(SA) - Licences: 5PH Adelaide (Willaston, 1934, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1352, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Willaston, SA, 1939-1943)

===''HUTCHINSON''===

* [[/Charles Elwood Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Charles Elwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-S6J] - 1894(Vic)-1942(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 728, 1922; 2COCP 278, 1930; 1COCP 307, 1939 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Esperance, 1919); radio telegraphist (Darwin, NT, 1922); telegraphist (Esperance, 1925-1931); radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1936-1937; Alberton, SA, 1939; Yatala, SA, 1941)

* [[/Harold Keith Hutchinson|Hutchinson, Harold Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-JK1] - 1912(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3ZQ Melbourne (Flemington, 1932-1939; West Footscray, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 948, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Newmarket, Vic, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1943; Footscray North, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (St Kilda, Vic, 1963); retired (Mentone, Vic, 1968; Mordialloc, Vic, 1972-1977; Doncaster, Vic, 1980; Sale, Vic, 1980)

===''HUTCHISON''===

* [[/Clive Douglas Hutchison|Hutchison, Clive Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BS-WQZ] - 1914(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2YP Sydney (Penshurst, 1935-1937; Brighton-le-Sands, 1938-1939; Homebush, 1946-1947; Rose Bay, 1947; Homebush, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1415, 1935, NSW; BOCP 49, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Homebush, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Hutchison|Hutchison, John Alexander &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPTK-TQS] - 1894(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIC Sydney (Granville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 54th Battalion, Sergeant, 1914-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1934-1980)

* [[/John Victor Thomas Hutchison|Hutchison, John Victor Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89S-PY2] - 1907(NZ)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JH Sydney (Kirribilli, 1927-1937; West Ryde, 1938-1939; Croydon, 1946-1955; Bardwell Park, 1956-1965; Castle Cove, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 374, 1927, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1010, 1928; COCP1 137, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Milson's Point, NSW, 1930-1937); laboratory assistant (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); radio technician (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''HUTSON''===

* [[/James William Hutson|Hutson, James William &quot;William&quot;, &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-Z6J] - 1912(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3JH Echuca (1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 635, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Passed too soon; Another contemporaneous JWH

===''HUTTON''===

* [[/David Hutton|Hutton, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZT-JXG] - 1912(Sct)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Abermain (1929-1934) - Qualifications: AOCP 551, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abermain, 1934-1963; Klworth, 1972-1977); retired (Klworth, 1980)

* [[/Harry Vardon John Hutton|Hutton, Harry Vardon John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKY-4VK] - 1913(NSW)-2003(ACT) - Licences: 2HV Inverell (1932-1939, 1946-1947); 2HV Duntroon (1948-1955); 1HV Duntroon (1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1048, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Inverell, NSW, 1935-1949); soldier (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968); army (Royal Military College, ACT, 1968-1977); retired (Chifley, ACT, 1980)

===''HYLAND''===

* [[/Leonard Philip Hyland|Hyland, Leonard Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8N6-XLK] - 1903(Tas)-1942(Tas) - Licences: 7LP Hobart (City, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1791, 1936, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 271, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Hobart Central, 1928) - Comment: Passed on Duty; Gone too soon - Links: [https://www.themercury.com.au/news/tasmania/tasmania-fire-service-chief-chris-arnol-urges-everyone-to-reflect-on-the-selflessness-of-firefighters-in-the-pursuit-of-public-safety/news-story/59c6315bbf383ef9bb4e270d60cd9296 Mercury]

=='''I'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''IKIN''===

* [[/William George Ikin|Ikin, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LWFZ-C37] - 1887(NSW)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 4SM Townsville (1925-1926); 4SM Brisbane (New Farm, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 201, 1925, No. 18 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (dealer licence); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Gladstone, 1913); engineer &amp; electrician (Barcaldine, 1914); manager (Strand Motors, Townsville, 1925); motor mechanic (Mt Garnet, 1937-1949; Cardwell, 1949); farmer (Mareeba, 1954-1972)

===''INCE''===

* [[/Frederick George Ince|Ince, Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTL8-9RM] - 1912(Vic)-2013(Vic)101yo - Licences: 3FG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1932-1939; Brighton, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1047, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); accountant (Brighton, Vic, 1963); bank manager (Brighton, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''INGLIS''===

* [[/Kenneth Stanley Inglis|Inglis, Kenneth Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HJ-KZK] - 1929(Vic)-2017(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - historian (ABC); &quot;This is the ABC&quot;; &quot;Whose ABC?&quot; - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Acton, ACT, 1963; O'Connor, ACT, 1972-1980) - Links: [[w:Ken Inglis|Wikipedia]]; [https://halloffame.melbournepressclub.com/article/ken-inglis Australian Media Hall of Fame]; [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1031461X.2018.1493961 Obit]

* [[/Sydney David Inglis|Inglis, Sydney David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM7K-DBM] - 1913(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2SQ Sydney (Enmore, 1933; Stanmore, 1935-1939; Croydon, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1121, 1933, NSW; BOCP 16, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1938-1946) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Petersham, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943); factory superintendent (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954); works manager (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Campbelltown, NSW, 1980)

===''INNES''===

* [[/D. D. Innes|Innes, D. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DI Sydney (Glebe Point, 1933-1934 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRELAND''===

* [[/George Wilbert Ireland|Ireland, George Wilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9H-D62] - 1911(Vic)-2004(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3IG Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2052, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: orchard hand (Mitcham, Vic, 1934-1954); orchardist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963; Coldstream, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Leslie Keith Ireland|Ireland, Leslie Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMD-BPV] - 1908(SA)-1942(SA) - Licences: 5KR Mt Gambier (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 950, 1927; AOLCP 60, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633509 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1721431 AWM]; [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ireland-leslie-keith-47849/ AHM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''IRESON''===

* [[/Keith Benton Ireson|Ireson, Keith Benton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQS9-PWM] - 1925(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AIR Melbourne (Templestowe, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 875, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Relationships: Son of 3ZY-3AIR Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kyneton, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954; Templestowe, Vic, 1963); engineer (Gisborne, Vic, 1967; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Melville Charles Gladstone Ireson|Ireson, Melville Charles Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMZT-ML6] - 1898(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3ZY Kyneton (1926-1933); 3AIR Kyneton (1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 305, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918) - Relationships: Father of 3AIR Keith Benton Ireson - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Maldon, Vic, 1919); telegraphist (Ballarat, Vic, 1925); postal employee (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''IRVINE''===

* [[/Charles John Irvine|Irvine, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9SW-PQ5] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3VH Receive Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1923); 3DF Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1439, 1935, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 3TU James Forbes Irvine - Electoral Rolls: forest officer (Daylesford, Vic, 1931; Mont Park, Vic, 1934; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934-1937; St Kilda West, Vic, 1943-1954); forester (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963); forest entomologist (Highfield Park, Vic, 1968; Camberwell, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Forbes Irvine|Irvine, James Forbes &quot;Boots&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCM-WFG] - 1916(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 3TU Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1935-1937; Balwyn, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947; Auburn, 1948; Balwyn, 1954-1956; City, 1960); 2AXQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969; Castle Cove, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1537, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3VH-3DF Charles John Irvine - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1937); analyst (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1972); retired (Canterbury, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Irvine|Irvine, William]] - 1907(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4IR Brisbane (Mitchelton, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1987, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WIs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''IRVING''===

* [[/Cyril Lawson Irving|Irving, Cyril Lawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXZT-65R] - 1912(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4WL Brisbane (Annerley, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1199, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Godfrey George Howy Irving|Irving, Godfrey George Howy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT2H-SPK] - 1867(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XYR Perth (West Perth, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF Major-General) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Melbourne, Vic, 1905; West Perth, WA, 1914; Brisbane North, Qld, 1917); staff corps (Kew, Vic, 1921-1937)

===''ISLES''===

* [[/James William Clifford Isles|Isles, James William Clifford &quot;Clifford&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBVH-RV1] - 1894(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4CC Receive Brisbane (Ascot, 1922); 4CC Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (QWI); business proprietor (Isles Love &amp; Co, Allan &amp; Stark); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1915-1937); manager (Hamilton, 1943-1958); director (Hamilton, 1963)

===''ISRAEL''===

* [[/Morris Samuel Israel|Israel, Morris Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-CBC] - 1896(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: XMU Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913); 3ZN Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924; Malvern, 1925-1926; Burwood, 1927); 3ZN Geelong, 1931-1933; 3ZN Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 13, 1924, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 35, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcasting executive; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda, 1919-1924); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1926-1928); broadcasting engineer (Geelong, 1931); engineer (Geelong North, 1936; Camberwell, 1937-1963);

===''IVES''===

* [[/Cecil Albert Ives|Ives, Cecil Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-848] - 1916(SA)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 5AF Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1451, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Glenelg, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/ives-cecil-albert-300407/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''J'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''JACKSON''===

* [[/Alfred Cecil Jackson|Jackson, Alfred Cecil &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDLP-F65] - 1900(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4AJ Brisbane (Fairfield, 1931); 2BO Bangalow (1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 620, 1921; 1COCP 67, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4QG, Brisbane Cmcls); state public servant (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Fairfield, Qld, 1928-1931); farmer (Possum Creek, NSW, 1934-1937); mechanic (Fairfield, Qld, 1943-1954); farmer (O'Possum Creek via Bangalow, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/Alfred George Jackson|Jackson, Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5P-2X1] - 1864(Eng)-1935(Qld) - Licences: 4DG Receive Brisbane (Wynnum, Qld, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; radio clubs (WIQ, QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer - Relationships: father of Arthur Appleton Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1903-1913); electrician (Wynnum, Qld, 1914-1934)

* [[/Arthur Appleton Jackson|Jackson, Arthur Appleton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY55-M8F] - 1891(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI, WIAQ); electrical engineer; business proprietor; Relationships: son of Alfred George Jackson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Wynnum, Qld, 1913-1914; Morningside, Qld, 1915-1919; Wynnum, Qld, 1919; South Brisbane, Qld, 1921-1968); retired (Hill End, Qld, 1972; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1977; Hopetoun Home, Oxley, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Charles Joseph Jackson| Jackson, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6R-PQT] - 1910(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 2AIV Carool (1937-1939); 3CU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1947-1948; East Oakleigh, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2053, 1937, NSW; BOCP 299, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Piggabeen, NSW, 1930-1934; Tweed Heads, NSW, 1935; Carool, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949);  radio engineer (Oakleigh East, Vic, 1963-1967; Oakleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Peardon Jackson|Jackson, Harry Peardon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY2-PWW] - 1887(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AHZ Sydney (Church Point, 1938-1939; Coogee, 1946-1947; Church Point, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1919); no occupation (Church Point, NSW, 1934-1968)

* [[/James William Jackson|Jackson, James William &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7FH-JCW] - 1916(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Brisbane (Cribb Island, 1938-1939; 1946-1969; Lawnton, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2096, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); military (WW2,Northern Command Signals); farmer/electrician/radio &amp; TV serviceman - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cribb Island, Qld, 1937-1968); rubber worker (Lawnton, Qld 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond George Jackson|Jackson, Raymond George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHP-YNR] - 1913(Eng)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3PU Melbourne (Williamstown, 1936-1939; Canterbury, 1947-1948; Middle Brighton, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1699, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tester (Williamstown, Vic, 1936); laboratory assistant (Essendon, Vic, 1942; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1967); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1972); engineer (Heidelberg West, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Thomas William Jackson|Jackson, Thomas William]] - 1830(Eng)-1918(Vic) - Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria ca 1880, clubs &amp; societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, ca 1880)

* [[/William Leslie Jackson|Jackson, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH5-SJ7] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1923); 3XM Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939, 1947-1965; Carnegie, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1361, 1934, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hawthorn, Vic, 1925-1927; Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JACOBS''===

* [[/James William Samuel Jacobs|Jacobs, James William Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-SXG] - 1902(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1923); 3YM Melbourne (Essendon, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 784, 1923 (Marconi); COCP2 319, 1931; COCP1 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Essendon, Vic, 1931-1980)

* [[/Sydney S. Jacobs|Jacobs, Sydney S. (Sasoon?)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPP6-2XB] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Sydney (Marrickville, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1225, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: ship's steward (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931)?; traveller (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); soldier (Mosman, NSW, 1949); company director (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Mosman, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''JAMES''===

* [[/Arthur George James|James, Arthur George or George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3V-B9B] - 1911(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JV Macorna (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 777, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Macorna, Vic, 1934-1937; Carlton, Vic, 1943; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949); engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1968; Box Hill, Vic, 1972); director (Croydon, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Brian Russell James|James, Brian Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLV-GXV] - 1920(SA)-1944(Europe) - Licences: 5BL Adelaide (1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 2293, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 76 Squadron RAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10325112 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://highgate-rsl.org.au/afcraaf-roll/james-brian-russell-417490/ Bio] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Hector Keith James|James, Hector Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-WVL] - 1905(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2XA Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923); 2XA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Ashfield, 1934; Double Bay, 1935-1936; Coogee, 1937-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Summer Hill, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 183, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Summer Hill, 1930-1933), engineer (Edgecliff, 1936; Ashfield, 1949; Summer Hill, 1943-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2XA - Hector Keith James&quot;

* [[/Herbert Ronald James|James, Herbert Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRD-1SM] - 1904(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Birchip (1931-1933); 3LH Drouin (1938-1939); 7LH Western Junction (1947); 7LH Launceston (1948); 3AJJ Melbourne (Deepdene, 1954); 3AJJ Lubeck (1955-1956); 3AJJ Braeside (1960); 3AJJ Rupanyup (1965-1969); 3AJJ Nowa Nowa (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 813, 1931, Vic; BOCP 17, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Merbein, 1925); fitter &amp; turner (Merbein, 1928-1931); radio engineer (Merbein, 1936); technician (Western Junction, Tas, 1949); radio engineer (Deepdene, 1954); technician (Rupanyup, 1963-1968); retired (Nowa Nowa, 1972-1980)

* [[/R. James|James, R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZE via Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Thomas Reynolds James|James, Thomas Reynolds]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, worked on original Melbourne-Williamstown telegraph line 1854, later in charge of Melbourne Telegraph Office, but transferred to inspectorial work in 1879 due to disorganisation, reinstated in 1880)

===''JAMIESON''===

* [[/Charles William Jamieson|Jamieson, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4SY-YNQ] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: XJW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914); 3CJ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1926); 3XX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 130, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1921-1925); mechanic (Malvern, 1926-1968)

* [[/John Edward Jamieson|Jamieson, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-M43] - 1910(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6LA Perth (Beaconsfield, 1930-1933); 6LA Kalgoorlie (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 673, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1936-1937); salesman (Kalgoorlie, 1943); radio engineer (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954)

===''JANSEN''===

* [[/Claude Harold Jansen|Jansen, Claud or Claude Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDGS-9TN] - 1890(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: V751 Receive Yarrawonga (1922); 3GW Receive Yarrawonga (1922)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: printer (Yarrawonga, 1913-1922); linotype engineer (Yarrawonga, 1924-1931); printer (Shepparton, 1934-1937); linotype operator (Albury, 1937-1949); engineer (Albury, 1954-1968)

===''JARDINE''===

* [[/William Ronald Jardine|Jardine, William Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZC-T63] - 1911(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PR Melbourne (Essendon, 1929-1933); 3PR Leongatha (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 533, 1929, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 108, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Craigieburn, 1934); dairy farmer (Leongatha, 1937-1954); salesman (Leongatha, 1963-1980)

===''JARMAN''===

* [[/Oswald Arthur Jarman|Jarman, Oswald Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G612-K6Y] - 1894(SA)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 162, 1915; 1COCP 37, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1921-1922); telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1928); supervisor (Bentley, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''JARVIS''===

* [[/Vincent Jack Edwin Jarvis|Jarvis, Vincent Jack Edwin &quot;Victor&quot;, &quot;Vic&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2K-6FP] - 1912(WA)-1941(Libya) - Licences: 2VJ Orange (1930-1933); 2VJ Dubbo (1934); 2VJ Wellington (1935-1936); 2VJ Bathurst (1937); 2VJ Griffith (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 695, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 46, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (2VJ Wellington); broadcast engineer (2BS, 2RG); WW2 (RAAF, Rathmines Flying Boats Base, Palestine, Egypt, Libya) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wellington, 1936), radio engineer (Bathurst, 1937), wireless operator (Rathmines, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/633817 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''JEBB''===

* [[/Thomas Keith Jebb|Jebb, Thomas Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MW78-HHC] - 1897(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1861, 1937, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Creswick, Vic, 1919-1920); technical school teacher (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1922-1924); electrical engineer (Launceston West, Tas, 1928-1954)

===''JEFFES''===

* [[/Stephen Gregory Jeffes|Jeffes, Stephen Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP5J-P7V] - 1888(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAE Sydney (Bankstown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (5th Ambulance Brigade, 1916-1919); WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Bankstown, NSW, 1913); farmer (Carool, NSW, 1934-1936); banana inspector (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1937); civil servant (Macksville, NSW, 1943-1949); inspector (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''JEFFRYES''===

* [[/Sydney Harry Jeffryes|Jeffryes, Sydney Harry]] - 1884(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: X?? Brisbane - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; ship's wireless operator; member of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-1914 - Links:

===''JEFFS''===

* [[/Vincent Jeffs|Jeffs, Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4T-4M8] - 1912?(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4VJ Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1933; City, 1934-1939, 1946; Gordon Park, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 753, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio cub (WIAQ, life member, lecturer, code instructor, field days, JOTA, conventions, operator 4WI); business proprietor (Jeffs Radio) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1934; New Farm, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1937); radio manufacturer (New Farm, Qld, 1943); salesman (Taringa, Qld, 1949); businessman (Gordon Park, Qld, 1958-1968)

===''JENKIN''===

* [[/Frank Clifford Jenkin|Jenkin, Frank Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5NC-6HK] - 1911(Vic)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3CM Melbourne (Croydon, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 965, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1937-1943); draftsman (Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''JENKINS''===

* [[/Edward Harry Jenkins|Jenkins, Edward Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBQ8-YK2] - 1916(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1937-1939); 3QK Churchill Island (1947); 3QK Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1862, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Churchill Island, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''JENNER''===

* [[/John Henry Jenner|Jenner, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2Y9-64Z] - 1877(Eng)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 7BM Receive Premaydena (1923); Receive Premaydena (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 2ABM John Ingoldsby Jenner - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Lindisfarne, 1914); orchardist (Koonya, 1919-1928); Xray technician (Double Bay, NSW, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935)

* [[/John Ingoldsby Jenner|Jenner, John Ingoldsby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKY4-7S2] - 1904(Eng)-1980(???) - Licences: 2ABM Sydney (Maroubra, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1194, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 7BM John Henry Jenner - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Haberfield, 1930; Bondi, 1933-1935); telephone engineer (Maroubra, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, 1943-1954; Revesby, 1968); retired (Turramurra, 1972); engineer (Revesby, 1980)

===''JENNISON''===

* [[/James Crosby Jennison|Jennison, James Crosby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRWZ-JB6] - 1923(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5JJ Adelaide (Black Forest, 1947; Enfield, 1954-1960); 1JN Canberra (Hughes, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2432, 1940, SA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Awards: Distinguished Flying Cross, For courage &amp; tenacity on two operational tours, 1945 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hughes, ACT, 1972-1980)

* [[/Joseph William Jennison|Jennison, Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTS7-316] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 2JJ Mathoura (1928-1939); 2MX Mathoura (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 414, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 4th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Comment: Licences in the name of his father John William Jennison but most likely son was operator, father passed in 1942 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mathoura, NSW, 1930-1949; Echuca, Vic, 1954; Deniliquin, NSW, 1958); nil (Echuca, Vic, 1963)

===''JENSEN''===

* [[/Jens August Jensen|Jensen, Jens August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQM-1MX] - 1865(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Minister for Navy (1915-1917) - Comment: famously dismissed for corruption in respect of purchase of Shaw Wireless Works in 1916 - Electoral Rolls: licensed victualler (Beauty Point, Tas, 1914-1919); orchardist (Beauty Point, Tas, 1919-1922); no occupation (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936) - Links: [[w:Jens_Jensen_(politician)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/jensen-jens-august-6840 ADB]

* [[/Laurence Richard Hopkins Jensen|Jensen, Laurence or Lawrence Richard Hopkins &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-MJ1] - 1906(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: 7BL Receive West Devonport (1923); Receive West Devonport (1923-1924); 7LJ Launceston (1925-1939, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 78, 1925, Tas; BOCP 215, 1939; 1AOCP 9, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW@ (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (New Town, 1928); teacher (New Town, 1936-1972)

===''JENVEY''===

* [[/Henry Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, Henry Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QJ-7TS] - 1851(Eng)-1932(Vic) - Licences: AA Melbourne 1900; X?? Melbourne - early wireless experimenter, arguably his use of the identifier AA was the first use of an Australian callsign; arguably Australia's first amateur operator as the majority of his experiments were self-funded and in his own time - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - employment (Vic P &amp; T; PMGD) - Relationships: father of 3WW William Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Brighton, 1909); public servant (Caulfield East, 1919-1931)

* [[/William Walter Jenvey|Jenvey, William Walter &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4QV-9GL] - 1904(Vic)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 3AY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927; Ormond, 1931-1938); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1939); 3AY Melbourne (Ormond, 1947); 2ZO Sydney (Willoughby, 1948-1969); 2ZO Noosa Heads (1980) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 824, 1924; 1COCP 68, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of Henry Walter Jenvey - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1927); operator (Bentleigh, Vic, 1931-1937); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1972); nil (Nelligen, NSW, 1977; Noosa Heads, Qld, 1980)

===''JEPSON''===

* [[/Reginald Raymond Jepson|Jepson, Reginald Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTT-WX5] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3JI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Highett, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2064, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1949); public servant (Moorabbin, Vic, 1954-1968; Highett, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JEREMY''===

* [[/John Jeremy|Jeremy, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VLW-GSZ] - 1897(NSW)-1957(ACT) - Licences: XFE Wagga Wagga (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1934-1943); bank manager (Deakin, ACT, 1949-1954)

===''JERRARD''===

* [[/Frederick Joseph Jerrard|Jerrard, Frederick Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB43-BKT] - 1899(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4DR Receive Gayndah (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Gayndah, 1921-1930); motor mechanic (Gayndah, 1936-1937); engineer (Indooroopilly, 1943-1963)

===''JESSOP''===

* [[/Patrick Ferman Jessop|Jessop, Patrick Ferman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QN-8HV] - 19??(Eng?)-19??(Qld?) - Licences: 4PJ Kamma (1925-1927); 4PJ Cairns (Hambledon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1(RFC) - Halcyon: not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Edmonton, 1922-1930); weigh bridge clerk (Hambledon, 1936-1943)

===''JEWELL''===

* [[/Thomas John Jewell|Jewell, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYD-YH1] - 1905(WA)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6CA Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1927); 6JJ Kalgoorlie (1930-1931); 6JJ Perth (Victoria Park, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 876, 1925; 1COCP 129, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1937); radio inspector (Victoria Park, WA, 1943; Scarborough, WA, 1949); inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1954-1963)

===''JINKS''===

* [[/Edwin William Jinks|Jewell, Edwin William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPM6-6JD] - 1914(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HX Broken Hill (1931-1939); 2ADJ Broken Hill (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 830, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 202, 1938; COCP1 355, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1943); senior communications officer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1963); public servant (Broken Hill, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Broken Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''JOHNSON''===

* [[/Andrew Keith Johnson|Johnson, Andrew Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54J-MQ2] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2NJ Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1939, 1946-1969; Padstow, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1157, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Inconsistency death &amp; licensing dates needs further investigation - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1934); hospital attendant (Punchbowl, NSW, 1936-1968); retired (Padstow, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Arthur Johnson|Johnson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD7-X12] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4PX Brisbane (Hendra, 1938-1939; Ascot, 1946-1948; Hendra, 1954-1975), 4PX Buddina Beach (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2093, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF, Signals) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AJs - Electoral Rolls: Commonwealth public servant (Hendra, Qld, 1968) + others

* [[/Arthur Lester Johnson|Johnson, Arthur Lester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB87-RR1] - 1914(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3FL Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937; Canterbury, 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1960; Surrey Hills, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 53, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3XH-3JW Stanley William Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1954; Box Hill South, Vic, 1963); traffic policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1968); policeman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Carl Francis Johnson|Johnson, Carl Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH8T-HSH] - 1899(Tas)-1985(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); 7AR Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 218, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: federal servant (West Hobart, 1922-1954)

* [[/Colin Wymess Johnson|Johnson, Colin Wymess or Wemyss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYF-8GK] - 1918(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2AJC Newcastle (New Lambton, 1938-1939); 2YJ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1946-1955; CBD, 1956-1961; Merewether, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2080, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Lambton, NSW, 1943-1954); manager (Merewether, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Norman Johnson|Johnson, Edward Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM4W-MLQ] - 1886(Vic)-1960(USA) - Licences: Receive Warrnambool (1923); 3ZO Warrnambool (1923-1924); 3ZO Horsham (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (East Melbourne, 1909); manager (Wonthaggi, 1914); draper (Newtown, 1917); traveller (Geelong, 1919)

* [[/H. B. Johnson|Johnson, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1926); 5HB Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 252, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - common surname, individual not yet identified

* [[/Ivo Uric Johnson|Johnson, Ivo Uric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9VV-H8S] - 1903(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4KL Cairns (1933-1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 813, 1924; 2COCP 668, 1942; 1COCP 655, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1936-1963) 

* [[/John Eric Johnson|Johnson, John Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PS-MYR] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936); 2AFZ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1492, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theatre employee (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1968)

* [[/Joseph Murray Johnson|Johnson, Joseph Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5YM-M5N] - 1889(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 113, 1915; 1COCP 200, 1931 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Geraldton, 1915-1917); radio expert (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield, 1937); engineer (Longueville, NSW, 1943-1949); manager (Turramurra, 1954-1963); retired (Strathfield, 1963; Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1977; Wauchope/Yrrs, 1980)

* [[/Leonard Waring Johnson|Johnson, Leonard Waring]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG7-CK6] - 1916(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3YF Melbourne (Deepdene, 1932-1939; Surrey Hills, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 968, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell North, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/S. Johnson|Johnson, S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SJ Mudgee (1925-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Stanley William Johnson|Johnson, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-D8W] - 1908(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Sale (1937-1939); 3JW Melbourne (Burwood, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1954, 1937, Vic; BOCP 654 or 64, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FL Arthur Lester Johnson - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1933); radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1936-1937); soldier (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); engineer (Balwyn North, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''JOHNSTON''===

* [[/George Daniel Johnston|Johnston, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQB-K36] - 1905(Vic)-1996(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1279, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Parkville, Vic, 1927-1931); engineer (Hamilton, Qld, 1937); draftsman (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/H. B. Johnston|Johnston, H. B.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6HB Perth (Leederville, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Johnston|Johnston, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-39X] - 1908(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 3ST Benalla (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 819, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Benalla, Vic, 1936-1937); meteorologist (Newport, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Lane Cove, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Norman Brint Johnston|Johnston, Norman Brint]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-K7F] - 1913(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6NJ Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1933; Subiaco, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 642, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Subiaco, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Maylands, 1943-1968; Mt Lawley, 1972-1977)

* [[/Robert Walter Johnston|Johnston, Robert Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDS-FHJ] - 1914(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LQ Brisbane (Petrie Terrace, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1270, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1936-1937); no occupation (Ingleburn, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1963)

* [[/William Carlyle Johnston|Johnston, William Carlyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P3-L4J] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Grafton (1935-1936); 2CJ Coffs Harbour (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2CJ Sawtell (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1479, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1936); mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1937-1943); radio engineer (Sawtell, NSW, 1949); joiner (Sawtell, NSW, 1954); carpenter (Sawtell, NSW, 1958-1968); radio mechanic (Sawtell, NSW, 1973-1977)

* [[/William David Johnston|Johnston, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-3RY] - 1909(Irl)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2YZ Sydney (Ryde, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Gladesville, 1950; Matraville, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 616, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 323, 1931; 1COCP 398, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Ryde, NSW, 1930-1943); radio engineer (Gladesville, NSW, 1949; Matraville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOHNSTONE''===

* [[/H. D. Johnstone|Johnstone, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HJ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JONASSON''===

* [[/Roy Peter Jonasson|Jonasson, Roy Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KPW-ZL1] - 1908(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4NG Alberton (1931-1933); 7NG Derwent Park (1937-1939); 3ND Castlemaine (1946-1969); 9NG, PNG; 4NE Brisbane (Kingston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 827, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, QRP Club, RAAF Wireless Reserve, Qld Listeners' League); employment (Qld State Electricity Commission) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Castlemaine, 1942-1972); retired (Kingston, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''JONES''===

* [[/Alfred Ernest Jones|Jones, Alfred Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G61R-CTW] - 1894(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 241, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIO Broome (1917-1918) - Comment: not all electoral roll entries identified, several contemporaneous AEJs; Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Broome, WA, 1917-1922)

* [[/David Owen Jones|Jones, David Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBH2-HV6] - 1916(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3ED Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1937-1939, 1947; North Essendon, 1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1916, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942); draughtsman (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/David William Jones|Jones, David William]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DJ Brisbane (Chelmer, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 683, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous DWJs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Chelmer, 1925-1931); engineer (Holland Park, 1958)? 

* [[/Donald Atkinson Jones|Jones, Donald Atkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSN-327] - 1911(NSW)-2000(SA) - Licences: 2SF Wollongong (Austinmer, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 398, 1932; COCP1 147, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Austinmer, NSW, 1932-1937; Flinders Island, Tas, 1949)

* [[/George Edward Jones|Jones, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2F-D9R] - 1903(???)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); Crystal Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1923); 2GJ Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1934; Naremburn, 1935; Bondi, 1936-1938; Woollahra, 1939; Bondi, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1053, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Zetland, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); motor driver (Bondi, 1943-1949) 

* [[/Harold Jones|Jones, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-RSJ] - 1906(Wales)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AGG Speers Point (1937-1938, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1926, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HJs - Electoral Rolls: shiftman (Boolaroo, NSW, 1937); bus conductor (Speers Point, NSW, 1943-1949)

* [[/Lancelot Cyril Jones|Jones, Lancelot Cyril &quot;Lance&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8L3-2LS] - 1891(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: XVB Adelaide (Hawthorn, 1913-1914); 5BQ Adelaide (Westbourne Park, 1923-1924); 5DN Adelaide (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; co-founder 5DN commercial Adelaide - Electoral Rolls: manager (Broadway Estate, 1939-1943)

* [[/Leslie Jones|Jones, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY84-XVZ] - 1909(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1482, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Paul Alfred Jones|Jones, Paul Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZ5-CJT] - 1920(Tas)-2013(Tas)93yo - Licences: 7PJ King Island (Grassy, 1939, 1947-1948); 7PJ Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1954-1975; Hobart City, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2256, 1939, Tas; BOCP 579, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Moonah, Tas, 1954); engineer (Lindisfarne, Tas, 1972)

* [[/Raymond Edward Jones|Jones, Raymond Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL9R-FLM] - 1900(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3RJ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1928; Box Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 407, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Newmarket, 1921); public servant (Ascot Vale, 1922-1924); telegraphist (Box Hill, 1931-1943); supervisor (Box Hill, 1949-1963); retired (Box Hill, 1968-1980)

* [[/Robert Harold Jones|Jones, Robert Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPF-BKS] - 1896(Wales)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AHF Sydney (Kogarah, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Canley Vale, 1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1960, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1930-1931; Rockdale, NSW, 1933); engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1934); motor mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1935-1943); technician (Edensor Park, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Rothney Bray Jones|Jones, Rothney Bray &quot;Roth&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN43-9N4] - 1918(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3BG Bendigo (1936-1939, 1947); 3BG Melbourne (North Balwyn, 1948-1975; Abbotsford, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1696, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Balwyn, Vic, 1949-1963; Balwyn North, Vic, 1967-1972; Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Stanley William Jones|Jones, Stanley William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-BPL] - 1917(Vic)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 3SF Ballarat (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1953, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army, Signalman, 6 Division Signals) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1687469] - Comment: Another Stanley William Jones died in WW2, Flight Sergeant, 626 Squadron - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Vernon Marshall Jones|Jones, Vernon Marshall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CF-5YM] - 1913(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3YE Colac (1947-1948); 3YE Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1954-1960; Box Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2347, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: welder (Caulfield, Vic, 1935-1937); technical assistant (Colac, Vic, 1943); engineer (Colac, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-68; Box Hill North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Jones|Jones, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NB-Z8F] - 1914(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2PY Sydney (Marrickville, 1930-1933); 2RS Sydney (Marrickville, 1935-1939); 2WP Sydney (Bexley, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 652, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 57, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of William Daniel Jones - Electoral Rolls: tramway employee (Sydenham, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1949-1972); telegraphist (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980) - Comment: Another contemporaneous Walter Henry Jones in Sydney b.1915 m.Edith

* [[/William Daniel Jones|Jones, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGX-G5N] - 1910(Wales)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1614, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 2PY-2RS-2WP Walter Henry Jones - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Sydenham, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1934); upholsterer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1935-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1963; Marrickville, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/W. R. Jones|Jones, W. R.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EK Receive Brisbane (Hendra, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JORDAN''===

* [[/James Jordan|Jordan, James &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-VNQ] - 1903(Sct)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4JJ Ipswich (1933); 4JJ Bundaberg (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1162, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4BU); senior military (RAAF, Wing-Commander) - Electoral Rolls: striker (West Ipswich, Qld, 1932); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1934-1937)

* [[/Lawrence Jordan|Jordan, Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-N6K] - 1934(Vic)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Figtree (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1578, 1957; AOCP 3758, 1958, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Wollongong, NSW, 1958; Figtree, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Robert Jordan|Jordan, Robert]] - 1893(NZ)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 4, 1914, No. 4 in Aus and Vic, Commonwealth system - commercial operator; coastal station operator? - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Robert Frederick Jordan|Jordan, Robert Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8TB-KWK] - 1898(Vic)-1987(Tas) - Licences: 3IL Gabo Island (1935-1939); 7IL Currie (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1529, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 24th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Relationships: Father of 3AKJ-7JR Robert Edward Jordan &amp; 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: returned soldier (Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1919); plumber (Coburg, Vic, 1921-1928; Point Lonsdale, Vic, 1931; Cape Everard, Vic, 1934); lightkeeper (Gabo Island, Vic, 1936-1937; Cape Schanck, Vic, 1942; Currie, Tas, 1954); no occupation (Currie, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Robert Edward Jordan|Jordan, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYC5-677] - 1929(Vic)-2008(Tas) - Licences: 3AKJ Melbourne (North Aspendale, 1965-1975); 7JR Currie (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1564, 1963; AOCP 4202, 1964, Vic - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 3IL-7IL Robert Frederick Jordan; Brother of 2ALV Lawrence Jordan - Electoral Rolls: technician (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); telephone technician (Carrum, Vic, 1958-1968); technician (Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''JOSCELYNE''===

* [[/Robert Alan Joscelyne|Joscelyne, Robert Alan &quot;Alan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4NC-8JD] - 1908(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AJO Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1938; Cheltenham, 1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2215, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Eastwood, NSW, 1930); traveller (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1936-1937); agent (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); manager (Beecroft, NSW, 1949); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''JOUGHIN''===

* [[/E. G. Joughin|Joughin, E. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALI Sydney (Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jack Maxwell Joughin|Joughin, Jack Maxwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7D-1LR] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3BR Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1948; Pakenham, 1954); 3BR Tangambalanga (1955-1965); 4JU Buderim (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 152, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1937; Packenham East, Vic, 1954; Tangambalanga, Vic, 1963-1967); no occupation (Buderim, Qld, 1968); trundler (Buderim, Qld, 1972); labourer (Forest Glen, Qld, 1977)

===''JOYCE''===

* [[/Victor Stanley Joyce|Joyce, Victor Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9K8R-3RQ] - 1920(Eng)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEN Sydney (Five Dock, 1936-1939; Drummoyne, 1946; Collaroy, 1947-1955; Dee Why, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1709, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Five Dock, NSW, 1943); photographer (Collaroy, NSW, 1949-1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''JUDD''===

* [[/Clarence Harvey Judd|Judd, Clarence Harvey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVF-9XS] - 1920(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5HQ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3374, 1953, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Oswald William Judd|Judd, Oswald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVX-X56] - 1896(SA)-1934(SA) - Licences: XVF Adelaide (North Norwood, 1913); Receive Adelaide (Payneham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JULSTEDT''===

* [[/E. Julstedt|Julstedt, E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4JD Daru, PNG (1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''JUNK''===

* [[/Gerhardt Philip Junk|Junk, Gerhardt Philip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FL-3W8] - 1896(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XACX Sydney (Sans Souci, 1913-1914); 2AZ Receive Sydney (Sans Souci, 1922-1923); 2EY Sydney (Sans Souci, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP, 1289, 1934, NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Sans Souci, NSW, 1930-1935); tram conductor (Sans Souci, NSW, 1937-1943)

=='''K'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''KANE''===

* [[/John Leslie Kane|Kane, John Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LT-K1L] - 1910(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4ZZ Toowoomba (1939, 1947-1954); 4ZZ Harlaxton (1955); 4ZZ Rockhampton (1956); 4ZZ Brisbane (Northgate, 1960; Lawnton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2335, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); senior state public servant (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Roma, Qld, 1931-1937); railway clerk (Toowoomba, Qld, 1943-1954); QGR clerk (Northgate, Qld, 1958; Lawnton, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KARPPINEN''===

* [[/Karl Horace Karppinen|Karppinen, Karl Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J6-WST] - 1917(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2157, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: instrument maker (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1954); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''KAUFMAN''===

* [[/Samuel Donald Kaufman|Kaufman, Samuel Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6X-937] - 1904(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SK Sydney (Belmore, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 448, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1980)

===''KAUPER''===

* [[/Henry Alexis Kauper|Kauper, Henry or Heinrich Alexis &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXZ-WYQ] - 1888(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Licences: S643 Adelaide (1921-1922); 5BG Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923-1926; Tusmore, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 97, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; inventor - Electoral Rolls: chauffer (Willaura, Vic, 1910); engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1931-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;S643-5BG - Henry Alexis Kauper&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kauper-henry-alexis-harry-6898 ADB]

===''KAYESS''===

* [[/Sydney Kayess|Kayess, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCYG-NHD] - 1892(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Cooktown, 1917); engineer (Hendra, Qld, 1919); engine driver (Charleville, Qld, 1921); mechanic (Mossman, 1925); motor mechanic (Watchem, Vic, 1928); auto engineer (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1930); garage manager (New Lambton, NSW, 1930; Foveaux, NSW, 1933); engineer (Forest Lodge, NSW, 1935-1937); labourer (Darlinghurst, 1937; Glenmore, NSW, 1943); mechanical engineer trainee (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); engineer (Manly North, NSW, 1958)

===''KEANE''===

* [[/John Patrick James Keane|Keane, John Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V5-P25] - 1903(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JN Cessnock (1930-1931); 2JN Sydney (Millers Point, 1931); 2JN Cessnock (1933-1936); 2JN Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939; McMahons Point, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 698, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Darling Harbour, 1930); clerk (Cessnock, 1931-1932; Newcastle, 1934; Bexley, 1935-1937; McMahons Point, 1943-1949; North Sydney, 1958-1963)

===''KEAST''===

* [[/Leslie John Keast|Keast, Leslie John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2QP-J6X] - 1886(SA)-1957(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Journalist (Wireless Weekly; shortwave editor, Australasian Radio World, 1940-1951; Radio &amp; Hobbies), professional monitor (OWI/VOA, WW2); silent era cinematographer - Electoral Rolls: licensed victuallar (Royal Hotel, Bowral, 1933-1934); ex-hotelkeeper (Coogee, 1935); clerk (Randwick North, 1936-1937); sales manager (Carlingford, 1943); organising secretary (Ermington, 1949-1958)

===''KEATING''===

* [[/Thomas Joseph Keating|Keating, Thomas Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVD-862] - 1902(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Mentone,1938-1939); 3KW Melbourne (Mentone, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2128, 1938, Vic; COCP1 512, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1931-1934; Mentone, Vic, 1936-1968)

===''KEDDIE''===

* [[/Phillip Robert Keddie|Keddie, Phillip Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67S-1T7] - 1921(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5KZ Adelaide (Woodville Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1882, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: AMF (Woodville Park, SA, 1943)

===''KEILLOR''===

* [[/William Keillor|Keillor, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-YNZ] - 1902(???)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KW Geelong (West Geelong, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 895, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Geelong West, Vic, 1928-1954); nil (Geelong West, Vic, 1963)

===''KEITH''===

* [[/Gordon Harold Keith|Keith, Gordon Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCL-2BW] - 1919(Qld)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 4EK Brisbane (Hill End, 1947-1955); 5EK Adelaide (Clarence Park, 1956); 3AFK Melbourne (East Malvern, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2446, 1940, Qld - amateur operator; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Hill End, Qld, 1941-1954); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1958); A.R.A. (Narrabundah, ACT, 1963); farmer (Ingleside, Qld, 1968); public servant (Torrens, ACT, 1968-1980)

===''KELLS''===

* [[/Alfred Charles Edward Kells|Kells, Alfred Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTMT-7D3] - 1900(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923); 2430 Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Moonee Ponds, 1921-1925); mechanic (Essendon, 1928-1954)

===''KELLY''===

* [[/Alexander Wainwright Kelly|Kelly, Alexander Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZP6-G6V] - 1908(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Largs Bay (1923); Receive Largs Bay (1923); 5AW Lyndoch (1927-1939); 5XO Loxton (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 358, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur Broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: winemaker (Berri, 1939-1943)

* [[/Kenneth Melville Kelly|Kelly, Kenneth Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-LVP] - 1915(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3LL Melbourne (Carlton, 1937-1939); 7MF Maritime Mobile Auxiliary Ketch Matthew Flinders, Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1947); 7LL Hobart (CBD, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1965); 4MJ Gold Coast (Surfers Paradise, 1969-1975); 2MJ Merimbula (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1854, 1937, Vic; COCP3 1236, 1952 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Queens College, Carlton, Vic, 1937); medical practitioner (Newtown, Tas, 1943-1958; Rio Vista, Qld, 1969-1972; Merimbula, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Patrick James Kelly|Kelly, Patrick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CD-8LM] - 1909(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4KB Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954-1955; Camp Hill, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2393, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Comment: Several contemporaneous PJKs - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Dutton Park, Qld, 1934-1937); civil servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949; Belmont, Qld, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ross Donaldson Kelly|Kelly, Ross Donaldson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7BG-2PR] - 1906(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5LW Adelaide (Unley, 1937-1939; Hazelwood Park, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2032, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assurance agent (Dulwich, 1941-1943)

===''KELSO''===

* [[/Andrew John Bruce Kelso|Kelso, Andrew John Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTM-8R3] - 1915(NSW)-2014(ACT)98yo - Licences: 2AGF Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1938); 2WK Cooma (1955-1969); 8AC Nhulunbuy (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1683, 1936, NSW; BOCP 30, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Awards: OBE (1959, for services as radio officer, Snowy Mountains Authority) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1937; Lakemba, NSW, 1943); wireless operator (Darwin, NT, 1943); orchardist (Valley Heights, Molong, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Cooma, NSW, 1958-1963); communications officer (Cooma, NSW, 1968); technical officer (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1972); radio technician (Nhulunbuy, NT, 1977-1980)

* [[/Graham Kelso|Kelso, Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXH-9DH] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EL Receive Brisbane (Nundah, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Petrie Terrace, Qld, 1958); technician (Brisbane, Qld, 1968; St Lucia, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Thomas Kelso|Kelso, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HQX-4GF] - 1914(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 979, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West End, Qld, 1937); chemist (Coorparoo, Qld, 1949-1963)

===''KEMBLE''===

* [[/Frederick John Kemble|Kemble, Frederick John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZ2-8WY] - 1915(SA)-1939(WA) - Licences: 6FJ Katanning (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1673, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith's striker (Katanning, WA, 1937)

===''KEMP''===

* [[/Arthur Alexander Kemp|Kemp, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-PYS] - 1910(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4YA Yangan - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1466, 1935, Qld; BOCP 110, 1937; 2COCP 123, 1937; 1COCP 163, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Swanfels, Qld, 1936-1937); radio technician (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949; Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Joseph Edward Kemp|Kemp, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-NWV] - 1918(Tas)-1991(WA) - Licences: 7RZ Devonport (1937-1939); 7RZ Launceston (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1847, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Como, 1949); radio officer (Esperance, 1954-1958; Yokine, WA, 1963-1980)

===''KEMPSTER''===

* [[/Frederick Kempster|Kempster, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVPC-NHM] - 1900(SA)-1957(SA) - Licences: 5KM Darwin (1929-1931); 8KM Darwin (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 543, 1929, No. ?? in NT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Fullarton, 1934); supervisor (Fullarton, 1939-1943)

===''KEMPTON''===

* [[/Gordon Kempton|Kempton, Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSD-PJS] - 19??(???)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2CI Sydney (Kings Cross, 1935-1938); 2CI Newcastle (Merewether, 1939, 1946-1965); 2CI Sydney (Sylvania Waters, 1969); 2BCI Sydney (Kogarah, 1965); 4XX Brisbane (Yeronga, 1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933-1935; Merewether, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Yeronga, Qld, 1969-1972)

===''KENDERDINE''===

* [[/Clifford Walter Kenderdine|Kenderdine, Clifford Walter &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYR-H3J] - 1917(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WP Melbourne (Kew, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1203, 1933, Vic; BOCP 226, 1939; COCP1 380, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1943-1954); engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1967-1968); radio engineer (Lorne, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''KENNA''===

* [[/Vernon Francis Kenna|Kenna, Vernon Francis &quot;Vern&quot; / &quot;Marconi&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1D-4ZV] - 1908(Qld)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 4DE Receive Brisbane (Hamilton, 1923-1924); 4FK Brisbane (Hamilton, 1926-1939); 2JR Sydney (Middle Cove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 301, 1926, No. 29 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (PMGD); radiocommunications engineer; senior public servant (PMG, ABC2); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal electrician (Hamilton, Qld, 1936-1954); engineer (Balwyn, Vic, 1963; Killara, 1963; Middle Cove, 1968-1972; Willoughby, 1977-1980)

===''KENNEDY''===

* [[/Peter Kennedy|Kennedy, Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKD-8Q7] - 1874(Vic)-1945(SA) - Licences: XYD Perth (City, 1913-1914); 6AM Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923-1927); 5AM Adelaide (City, 1928; Unley, 1931; New Parkside, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; senior federal public servant (PMG, concluding as Deputy Postmaster-General SA); WW1 - Awards: Imperial Service Order - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, 1903; Mt Lawley, 1910-1921); State Engineer (Maylands, 1925-1926); civil servant (New Parkside, 1939-1943)

* [[/M. Kennedy|Kennedy, M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EP Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 
* [[/Walter Donald Kennedy|Kennedy, Walter Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBRG-1WB] - 1869(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1925-1926; Willoughby, 1927-1929); 2WK Helensburgh (1930-1933); 2WK Sydney (East Sydney, 1934); 2WK Wallerawang (1935); 2WK Sydney (Rockdale, 1936-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 121, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Murrumburrah, 1913; Helensburgh, 1930-1932); clerk (Darlinghurst, 1934-1935); clerk in Holy Orders (Rockdale, 1936-1949)

===''KENNY''===

* [[/Edmund Francis Kenny|Kenny, Edmund Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MB-R3M] - 1903(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2EK Sydney (Lewisham, 1927-1928; Croydon, 1929; Ryde, 1930-1931; Granville, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2EK Wentworthville (1950-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 373, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1930); clerk (West Ryde, 1930-1933); engineer (Granville, 1935-1949); radio engineer (Wentworthville, 1954-1968); engineer (Wentworthville, 1972-1977)

* [[/Ferris Hope Kenny|Kenny, Ferris Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMQ-C17] - 1921(NSW)-2012(NSW) - Licences: 2AFK Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Earlwood, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1834, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Earlwood, NSW, 1943-1958); accountant (Campsie, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''KEOGH''===

* [[/William George Keogh|Keogh, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJ4-H7G] - 19??(???)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ZA Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Summer Hill, 1923; Stanmore, 1924-1925); licensed operator 2AG Grace Bros Broadway  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick North, 1943-1958)

===''KERBY''===

* [[/Edwin Thomas John Kerby|Kerby, Edwin Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM72-SFL] - 1888(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 7EK Ringarooma (1932-1939); 3KK Melbourne (Auburn, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 940, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (Major) - Awards: Military Star 1914-1915; British War Medal, Victory Medal; MBE - Electoral Rolls: manager (Ballarat, 1909); restaurant keeper (Brunswick, 1914); electrical engineer (Richmond, 1914-1917); grazier (Ballarat, 1919); farmer (Linton, 1922); grazier (Fawkner, 1924-1925); engineer (St Kilda, 1943; Auburn, 1949-1968) - Links: [[w:Edwin Kerby|Wikipedia]]

===''KERKIN''===

* [[/Edward James Kerkin|Kerkin, Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97PM-NZH] - 1914(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CT Sydney (Drummoyne, 1934-1939); 2ME Sydney (Epping, 1948-1958); 1ME Canberra (HMAS Harmon, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1388, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cycle builder (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); RAN (Epping, NSW, 1949-1963); naval officer (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1968); RAN (Queanbeyan, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''KERMOND''===

* [[/Leslie John Kermond|Kermond, Leslie John &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W7-Y88] - 1912(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Warrnambool (1928-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 417, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 182, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Warrnambool, 1936-1937); engineer (Swan Hill, 1942); radio engineer (Warrnambool, 1949-1980)

===''KERNICK''===

* [[/Percy Edwin Kernick|Kernick, Percy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7S-JW1] - 1888(NSW)-1965(WA) - Licences: 6PK Perth (South Perth, 1927-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 378, 1927, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Sandstone/Mt Magnet, 1910); telegraphist (Brown Hill/Kalgoorlie, 1917; South Perth, 1925-1963)

===''KERR''===

* [[/Alfred Dixon Kerr|Kerr, Alfred Dixon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT8-ZKF] - 1910(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AL Ballarat (1926-1939, 1946-1960); 3JQ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 284, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 18, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, 1931-1968); retired (Hawthorn, 1977)

* [[/Allan Arthur Kerr|Kerr, Allan Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4S-W8R] - 1913(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2AFD Sydney (Thurgoona, 1936-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1826, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Thurgoona, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Malvern, Vic, 1949); public servant (Malvern, Vic, 1954-1963; Oakleigh, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Frank John Kerr|Kerr, Frank John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4H-5HB] - 1918(Eng)-2000(USA) - Licences: 3FK Melbourne (Canterbury, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1705, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio physicist (Cammeray, NSW, 1943; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); physicist (Turramurra, NSW, 1954-1963); radio astronomer (North Manly, NSW, 1963-1968) - Links: [[w:Frank John Kerr|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P001716b.htm EOAS]; [https://baas.aas.org/pub/frank-john-kerr-1918-2000/release/1 BAAS Biography]

* [[/Frederick Charles Kerr|Kerr, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HG-C7L] - 1921(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3AJK Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2385, 1939, Vic; COCP2 1096, 1947; COCP1 1215, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Hilton Kerr|Kerr, Hilton &quot;Andy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5J3-PB1] - 1904(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AX Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936; Darling Point, 1937-1939; Waverley, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1330, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: bus driver (Manly, NSW, 1930-1935); chauffeur (Edgecliff, NSW, 1936-1937); soldier (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963); technician (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Roy Kerr|Kerr, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-SBX] - 1917(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4DK Winton (1937-1939); 4DK Brisbane (Tingalpa, 1946-1951) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1941, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Relationships: brother of Vernon Lester Kerr 4LK - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Vernon Lester Kerr|Kerr, Vernon Lester &quot;Vern&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHP-MCW] - 1912(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4LK Winton (1932-1933); 4LK Cloncurry (1937-1939, 1946-1948); 4LK Charters Towers (1954-1969); 4LK Charleville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 800, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; COCP 1941, amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, Soc Wireless Pioneers USA); employment (RFDS, technical officer / controller / announcer) - Relationships: brother of Roy Kerr 4DK - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1977); technician (Charleville, Qld, 1977)

===''KHAN''===

* [[/Kullandar Jallander Khan|Khan, Kullandar Jallander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX89-VLY] - 1916(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4QA Cairns (1937-1939, 1947); 4DC Cairns (1948-1960); 4DC Brisbane (New Farm, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1979, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 4QA may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 4QA Cairns - Electoral Rolls: picture theatre operater (Cairns, Qld, 1943); radio serviceman (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); tv technician (New Farm, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (New Farm, Qld, 1980)

===''KIDMAN''===

* [[/Charles Henry Arthur Kidman|Kidman, Charles Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5J3] - 1894(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 22, 1914 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1917); warehouse manager (Narabeen, NSW, 1930-1937); company representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1943); salesman (Harbord, NSW, 1949-1954); laboratory assistant (Harbord, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Ian McIvor Kidman|Kidman, Ian McIvor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD7Q-7N2] - 1915(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5JK Naracoorte (1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1163, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KIERNAN''===

* [[/Gerard Stanislaus Kiernan|Kiernan, Gerard Stanislaus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXL-DG6] - 1923(Ireland)-2009(Aus) - Licences: 9GK Port Moresby (1960); 3ER Fiskville (1965); 2BGK Bringelly (1969-1975); 2BGK Moree (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (overseas?) - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: technical officer (Moree, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KIESINGER''===

* [[/Hans Kiesinger|Kiesinger, Hans]] - 19??(Switzerland?)-aft 2004(Qld) - Licences: HS1ALK, VK4/HE9RFF - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; broadcast listener - Comment: Substantial portion of his QSL collection survives with ARDXC and is to be archived at NFSA Canberra - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified, lived Ghana (1950-1952); Thailand (1953-1979) &amp; Switzerland (1980-1994); may have returned to Switzerland prior to passing

===''KILBORN''===

* [[/Ernest Harrold Kilborn|Kilborn, Ernest Harrold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5X-Z4N] - 1908(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: 3KE Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 883, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Not applicable) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Auburn, Vic, 1931-1937)

===''KILBY''===

* [[/Raymond Harold Kilby|Kilby, Raymond Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-9VD] - 1918(Tas)-1999(Tas) - Licences: 7RK Launceston (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1461, 1935, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1568, 1957; 1COCP 1862, 1958; 2COCP T1, 1977 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: upholsterer (Launceston, 1943-1972)

===''KILGARIFF''===

* [[/Joseph Kilgariff|Kilgariff, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDS2-XBD] - 1886(NSW)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5JT Adelaide (Burnside, 1937-1939; Erindale, 1947-1948; North Glenelg, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1884, 1937, SA; 2COCP 325, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Boulder, WA, 1910-1912); builder (Alice Springs, NT, 1934; Burnside, SA, 1939); RAAF (Leabrook, SA, 1943)

===''KILPATRICK''===

* [[/James George Kilpatrick|Kilpatrick, James George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN9F-HYX] - 1884(Eng)-1962(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - State Engineer (PMGD, 1920s, 1930s); oversight of new 6WF 1932 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1916; Brighton Beach, Vic, 1917-1919); State engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1931); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1936); civil servant (West Perth, WA, 1937); electrical engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1954); retired (South Perth, WA, 1958)

===''KILSBY''===

* [[/Keith Wilbur Kilsby|Kilsby, Keith Wilbur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCHP-4ZS] - 1912(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5PR Moorak (1933); 5PR Birdwood (1938); 5PR Wiltyerong via Murray Bridge (1947); 5PR Mingary via Murray Bridge (1948); 5PR Murray Bridge (1954); 5PR Adelaide (Payneham, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 419, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Birdwood, SA, 1939; Wiltyerong, SA, 1941-1943);

===''KIMPTON''===

* [[/Francis William Kimpton|Kimpton, Francis William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXZ-6PV] - 1897(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAAZ Grafton (1913-1914); 2BN Receive (1922-1924); 2BN Ballina (1925-1931); 2ABR Byron Bay (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 209, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Marine); WW2 (Army, CMF) - Electoral Rolls: shipping clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1930-1932); clerk (Byron Bay, 1935-1936); shipping clerk (Byron Bay, NSW, 1937-1943); clerk (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1954; Byron Bay, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''KING''===

* [[/Charles Calvert King|King, Charles Calvert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQT-4R1] - 1885(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 105, 1915; 2COCP 155, 1930 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1914); warrant telegraphist (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1921-1925); music teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1930); musician (Clovelly, 1931; Rose Bay, 1932-1933); librarian (Woollahra, 1934); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1935); Model Maker (Watson's Bay, 1936-1937)

* [[/Fred Esmond King|King, Fred Esmond (Electoral Rolls)  or Esmonde (BMD)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-81C] - 1896(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4CQ Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Bulliwallah, Qld, 1919-1963)

* [[/Frederick Venn King|King, Frederick Venn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJHN-MV3] - 1888(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Cunnamulla (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1909); grazier (Weelamurra Station, Qld, 1913-1921); not stated (Warrambah Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1925); grazier (Barrington Station, Cunnamulla, Qld, 1930-1954); retired (Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Norman Stanley King|King, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4V-4FT] - 1904(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2SZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1937; Neutral Bay, 1938; Cremorne, 1939); 2AEQ Sydney (Northbridge, 1954; Auburn, 1954-1955; North Sydney, 1956-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 866, 1931, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1937); tram employee (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); controllerman (Auburn, NSW, 1954)

===''KINGSLEY''===

* [[/John Kingsley|Kingsley, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT7M-Q6R] - 1912(Aus)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2ACF Sydney (Artarmon, 1938-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1975; Sydney CBD, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2230, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Cremorne, NSW, 1949-1968); practitioner (Cremorne, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINGWELL''===

* [[/William Hercules Kingwell|Kingwell, William Hercules]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB)

===''KINNEAR''===

* [[/Henry Kinnear|Kinnear, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHL-9FV] - 1902(Vic)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 3IO Receive Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1922); 3KN Melbourne (Brighton, 1932-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948; South Yarra, 19541960; Mt Eliza, 1965-1969); 3AKN Portable Melbourne (Toorak, 1948; South Yarra, 1954-1956); 4AVJ Buderim (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 944, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Prahran, Vic, 1924); manager (Prahran, Vic, 1925-1928); manufacturer (Brighton, Vic, 1931-1937; South Yarra, Vic, 1943-1954); director (Malvern, Vic, 1954; Mt Eliza, Vic, 1967-1968; Toorak, Vic, 1972); company director (Buderim, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''KINSCHER''===

* [[/Ernest Walter Dawes Kinscher|Kinscher, Ernest Walter Dawes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHP2-SLV] - 1911(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2ADL Nyngan (1936-1937); 2ADL Parkes (!938); 2ADL Werris Creek (1939); 2ADL Sydney (Alexandria, 1946; Marrickville, 1947-1950; Lidcombe, 1954-1969; Baulkham Hills, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1729, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: railway porter (Bourke, NSW, 1936); railway employee (Nyngan, NSW, 1937; Bushman's Hill, Parkes, NSW, 1937); clerk (Alexandria, NSW, 1943; Petersham, NSW, 1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1968; Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''KINSELLA''===

* [[/Hector Thomas Kinsella|Kinsella, Hector Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NC-XN9] - 1912(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6HK Perth (Hollywood, 1930; East Perth, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 641, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (South Perth, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1943); pharmacist (Perth, 1949; Narrogin, 1954-1958; Applecross, 1963; Ardross, 1968-1972; Booragoon, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Wade Kinsella|Kinsella, Thomas Wade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8P2-TSG] - 1904(Vic)-2001(NSW)96yo - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Lubeck (1923); 3TK Lubeck (1924-1926); 3TK Rupanyup (1937-1939); 2FK Sydney (Rose Bay, 1946; Herne Bay, 1947; Sans Souci, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1992, 1937, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 532, 1943 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lubeck, 1927-1936); RAN (Sans Souci, 1949-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3AKW William Jennings Kinsella

* [[/William Jennings Kinsella|Kinsella, William Jennings]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PG-S8S] - 1914(Vic)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3AKW Lubeck (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 498, 1943; 2AOCP 55, 1946 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Magdala, Lubeck, 1936-1972; Lubeck, 1977-1980) - Relationships: brother of 3TK-2FK Thomas Wade Kinsella

===''KINZBRUNNER''===

* [[/Harry Charles Kinzbrunner|Kinzbrunner, Harry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-SZM] - 1903(Eng)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4HK Cloncurry (1929-1931); 4HK Mareeba (1933); 4HK Tully (1937-1939); 4HK Atherton (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 474, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, radio clubs (WIAQ), employment (Australian Inland Mission, QATB) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malanda, 1937); electrical engineer (Ashgrove, 1943); radio mechanic (Atherton, 1943); refrigeration &amp; electrical contractor (Atherton, 1949-1972); electrical contractor (Atherton, 1977-1980)

===''KIRBY''===

* [[/Donald Stewart Kirby|Kirby, Donald Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRP7-SQW] - 1915(Eng)-2011(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2ALX Orange (1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2268, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Ewan Russell Kirby|Kirby, Ewan Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4R1-4J7] - 1885(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: XZB Hobart (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; First set 1909 communicated with M. Harvey; employed Hydro-electric Dept - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart South, 1914-1919); engineer (Hobart West, 1922-1936)

* [[/Terence Patrick Kirby|Kirby, Terence Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZC-RYJ] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947; Kew, 1948-1955; Kilsyth, 1956; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2271, 1939, Vic; COCP1 440, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Centenary Medal, For service to the community through politics, 2001 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical contractor (Lower Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1958); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963); manager (Blackburn South, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''KIRKBY''===

* [[/Brian Kirkby|Kirkby, Brian]] - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (early wireless experimenters, Edward Hope Kirkby, Archibald John Shaw), great grandson of Edward Hope Kirkby

* [[/Charles Edward Kirkby|Kirkby, Charles Edward]] - 1886(Vic)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of George Gill Kirkby

* [[/Edward Hope Kirkby|Kirkby, Edward Hope]] - 1853(At sea)-1915(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, father of George Gill Kirkby and Charles Edward Kirkby

* [[/George Gill Kirkby|Kirkby, George Gill]] - 1884(Vic)-1916(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless and X-ray experimenter, son of Edward Hope Kirkby, brother of Charles Edward Kirkby

===''KIRKE''===

* [[/Basil Everald Wharton Kirke|Kirke, Basil Everald Wharton &quot;B.K.&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6NX-FFQ] - 1893(NSW)-1958(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - WW1; chief studio announcer/Uncle &quot;Bas&quot; (2BL); manager, 6WF; manager 9PA (1946); manager (ABC, Victoria, 1936) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Subiaco, 1931; Perth, 1934-1936; Melbourne, 1937-1943; Perth, 1954) - Links: [[w:Basil_Kirke|Wikipedia]];[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/kirke-basil-everald-wharton-10751 ADB]

===''KIRKLAND''===

* [[/John Booth Kirkland|Kirkland, John Booth]] - 1861(Vic)-1900(Vic) - Licences: - Qualifications: - early telephone experimenter, Melbourne, Geelong &amp; Ballarat

===''KIRKPATRICK''===

* [[/J. Kirkpatrick|Kirkpatrick, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DP Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''KISSICK''===

* [[/Alfred Leslie Hawthorn Kissick|Kissick, Alfred Leslie Hawthorn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9D-7LL] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3KB Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1933; East Coburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1965); operator 3CR Coburg Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 141, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1928; Coburg, Vic, 1936-1942; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963);

===''KITTO''===

* [[/Thomas Collingwood Kitto|Kitto, Thomas Collingwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MCKM-W8G] - 1903(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7?? Launceston (1928); 5JR Adelaide (Tusmore, 1931); 2JR Newcastle (1933); 2JS Newcastle (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 425, 1928, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 43, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Launceston, 1928); radio engineer (Sandgate, NSW, 1935; Ulverstone, Tas, 1937); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Prahran, 1949); retired (Deception Bay, 1972)

===''KLING''===

* [[/John Robert Kling|Kling, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQZ-B4W] - 1905(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1928; South Camberwell, 1931; Hawthorn East, 1933; Hampton, 1937-1939); 3AJQ Melbourne (Seaford, 1954-1955; Lower Ferntree Gully, 1956; Frankston, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 403, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1933; Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Bacchus Marsh, Vic, 1949); radio sound engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1954); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''KNAPTON''===

* [[/Carlo Patrick Knapton|Knapton, Carlo Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DQR-R5C] - 1879(Irl)-1955(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - wireless trader (WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as vice-president, Wireless Traders Assoc, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1914); lighting engineer (South Perth, 1921-1954) 

===''KNEIPP''===

* [[/James Henry Kneipp|Kneipp, James Henry &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ5R-YBH] - 1875(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Cannon Hill, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: saddler (Morningside, Qld, 1905); railway employee (Morningside, Qld, 1908-1917; Cannon Hill, Qld, 1919-1958)

===''KNELL''===

* [[/Clive Thomas Burrows Knell|Knell, Clive Thomas Burrows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDP-S8S] - 1896(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XJDC Melbourne (Windsor, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Signals) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Windsor, Vic, 1917-1919); farmer (Bunyip North, Vic, 1921-1924); student (Glenferrie, Vic, 1925-1926); clerk (Carlton North, Vic, 1927); civil servant (Kew, Vic, 1928-1967) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1796935 AWM]

===''KNIGHT''===

* [[/John Knight|Knight, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVSF-KKZ] - 1916(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Sydney (Lakemba, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1500, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Lakemba, NSW, 1937)

* [[/Rupert Keith Knight|Knight, Rupert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-Z5W] - 1898(Qld)-1934(Qld) - Licences: 4RK Toowoomba (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Halcyon: not mentioned? - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1919); bank clerk (East Toowoomba, 1925-1926); not specified (East Toowoomba, 1928-1932)

===''KNOCK''===

* [[/Donald Brader Knock|Knock, Donald Brader &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWWR-L62] - 1898(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 1911 Manchester; G6XG London (1924-1926); 2NO Sydney (Cremorne, 1926-1927; Vaucluse, 1927; Kirribilli, 1928; Randwick, 1929); 6NK Wyndham (1930-1931); 2NU Portable Sydney 1935-1939; 5NO Portable Central Australia; 2NO Sydney (Waverley, 1946-1966) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 335, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2MO); radiocommunications engineer; journalist (Wireless Weekly, Radio in ANZ, Radio Monthly, Australian Radio News, Bulletin, Australasian Radio World); military (WW1 - Royal Naval Air Service, WW2 - AIF lieutenant-major) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Waverley, 1930); radio journalist (Waverley, 1932-1933); radio engineer (Waverley, 1935-1963)

===''KNOWLES''===

* [[/Henry Carlisle Maddison Knowles|Knowles, Henry Carlisle Maddison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4Q8-642] - 1901(NSW)-1945(ACT) - Licences: 2LK Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 653, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Woolahra, 1933; Kingston, ACT, 1935-1943)

===''KNYVETT''===

* [[/Edmund Lawrence Knyvett|Knyvett, Edmund Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH1-RTC] - 1912(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3LC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1540, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: banker (Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1937); bank official (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1963); bank officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1972; Burwood, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''KOETS''===

* [[/Carolus Gerbrandus Koets|Koets, Carolus or Charles Gerbrandus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBWB-3MQ] - 1890(Netherlands)-1982(Netherlands) - Licences: 2GK Bredalbane (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sydney CBD, 1934; Dunedoo, 1935; Newtown, NSW, 1936; Erskinville, NSW, 1937); motor mechanic (Lewisham, NSW, 1937); poultry farmer (Gosford, NSW, 1943); carpenter (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954; Enmore, NSW, 1958); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1958; Annandale, NSW, 1963; Redcliffe, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''KOGLIN''===

* [[/Merton Herman Koglin|Koglin, Merton Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6NG-SM2] - 1894(Tas)-1967(Tas) - Licences: 7MK Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1948-1955; Lindisfarne, 1956-1960; South Hobart, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2346, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Queenstown, Tas, 1919); joiner (Hobart, Tas, 1922; Townsville, Qld, 1925; Glenmore, NSW, 1930; Forest Lodge, NSW, 1931; Toxteth, NSW, 1933-1934; Hobart, Tas, 1936-1943); carpenter (Hobart, Tas, 1949-1954; Lindisfarne, Tas, 1958; Hobart, Tas, 1963)

===''KOSSECK''===

* [[/Edwin Frederick Kosseck|Kosseck, Edwin Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VB-VTG] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EK Geelong (Belmont, 1930-1933); 3AKE Geelong (Newport, 1947; Belmont, 1948-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 705, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1931-1937); RAAF (Newport, Vic, 1943); gardener (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''KRAEGEN''===

* [[/Carl W. J. Kraegen|Kraegen, Carl W. J. &quot;Charles&quot;]] - 1831?(Germany?)-1871(NT) - Licences: - Qualifications: - employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, SA Posts &amp; Telegraphs), telegraph operator (Ballarat, Portland), developed an early system of explosive detonation by battery, tragically died of thirst during the construction of the Overland Telegraph

===''KRUGER''===

* [[/Francis Augustine Kruger|Kruger, Francis Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJZ-58H] - 1907(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3HE Receive Charlton (1922-1923); 3HE Charlton (1924-1925); 3AI Charlton (1935-1939); 3AI Strathmore (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1541, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Charlton, 1928-1937); cinema operator (Charlton, 1942); executive (Essendon, 1949-1968; Strathmore, 1977-1980)

=='''L'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''LABY''===

* [[/Thomas Howell Laby|Laby, Thomas Howell]] - 1880(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - frequent lecturer on wireless topics to WIA Vic in the 1920s; education (BA Cambridge 1905, PhD Cambridge 1921); employment (University of Sydney, 1901-1904; Cavendish Laboratory, 1905; Professor Physics, Victoria University College, Wellington, 1909; Professor Natural Philosophy, University of Melbourne, 1915-1930+); Royal Society of Victoria (president, 1924)

===''LACK''===

* [[/Francis James Lack|Lack, Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCQH-WJR] - 1876(NSW)-1949(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Sandgate, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Warwick, Qld, 1903; Tiaro, Qld, 1905-1906; Maryborough, Qld, 1908); fish agent (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); engineer (Sandgate, Qld, 1916); accountant (Sandgate, Qld, 1917-1949)

===''LAFFERTY''===

* [[/John Austral Lafferty|Lafferty, John Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-XGQ] - 1913(Vic)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 3JZ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1934-1937); 3JZ Yarram (1938-1939); 3JZ Melbourne (Parkdale, 1947-1969); 2OL Bermagui (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1284, 1934, Vic; BOCP 1672, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1935-1947) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1936); mechanic (Kyabram, Vic, 1937; Mentone, Vic, 1942-1972); retired (Bermagui, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LAHEY''===

* [[/John Wesley Lahey|Lahey, John Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKRX-KPL] - 1850(Irl)-1937(Qld) - Licences: 4EG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: sawmill proprietor (Clayfield, Qld, 1908-1909); sawmiller (Clayfield, Qld, 1913-1936)

===''LAIDLER''===

* [[/Thomas Laidler|Laidler, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1KG-31L] - 1904(Eng)-1995(SA) - Licences: 5TL Ceduna (1937-1939, 1947); 5TL Largs Bay (1948); 5TL Renmark (1954-1960); 5TL Adelaide (Glandore, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1934, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Ceduna, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LAKE''===

* [[/Eric James Lake|Lake, Eric James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDFZ-CKK]- 1906(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4EL Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1946-1948); 4EL Clevedon (1954-1956); 4EL Townsville (Belgian Gardens, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 54, 1931; AOCP 966, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, instructor); broadcast technician (4QN); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943-1949; Townsville, Qld, 1954-1963);

===''LAKER''===

* [[/Frank John Federal Laker|Laker, Frank John Federal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M1V2-P8Q] - 1899(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Deniliquin (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1925); clerk (Bondi, 1935-1937); accountant (North Rocks, 1954)

===''LALOR''===

* [[/Peter Fintan Lalor|Lalor, Peter Fintan]] - 1827(Irl)-1889(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Leader of the Eureka Stockade; Postmaster-General Victoria (Aug 1875-Oct 1875)

===''LAMB''===

* [[/A. D. Lamb|Lamb, A. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DK Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Joseph Wiseman Lamb|Lamb, James Joseph Wiseman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-49X] - 1876(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 119, 1915; 1COCP 264, 1932 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Relationships: father of Harry Spencer Lamb - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); radio station master (Townsville, Qld, 1921); wireless (Malvern, Vic, 1927);  superintendent (Toorak, Vic, 1928-1936; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); retired (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Harry Spencer Lamb|Lamb, Harry Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7M-SQY] - 1906(WA)-1984(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcaster - Relationships: son of James Joseph Wiseman Lamb - Electoral Rolls:

===''LAMBART''===

* [[/John Mark Lambart|Lambart, John Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQY-9DB] - 1902(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3WN Sea Lake (1934-1939); 3WN Ballarat (1947-1948); 3WN Sebastopol (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1283, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Ararat, Vic, 1924; Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1937; Soldiers Hill, Vic, 1942; Ballarat, Vic, 1949; Sebastopol, Vic, 1954-1977)

===''LAMBERT''===

* [[/Francis Redmond Lambert|Lambert, Francis Redmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBP-N7Z] - 1911(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Alphington, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 59, 1932; COCP2 397, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1931-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Alphington, Vic, 1934-1967; Fairfield, Vic, 1972); translator (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1977); clerk (Yallambie, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Frank Clayton Lambert|Lambert or Mason, Frank Clayton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-761] - 1908(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6FL Perth (South Perth, 1929-1931); 6FL Geraldton (1933); 6FL Perth (Wembley, 1937-1939; Subiaco, 1947); 3AFL Bairnsdale (1948); 6FL Perth (Claremont, 1954-1956; Bassendean, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 503, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: picture employee (South Perth, WA, 1931); projectionist (Albany, WA, 1934); sound projectionist (East Fremantle, WA, 1936); projectionist (Wembley Park, WA, 1937); radio technician (Subiaco, WA, 1943-1949); dealer (Claremont, WA, 1954); radio dealer (Bassendean, WA, 1958-1980)

===''LAMPARD''===

* [[/Edward Geoffrey Lampard|Lampard, Edward Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KD76-BTK] - 1897(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: XIQ Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; Australian Flying Corps (WW1, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); mechanical engineer (Killara, NSW, 1937-1943); engineer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1954; Stanwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Brighton le Sands, NSW, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIQ - Edward Geoffrey Lampard&quot;

===''LANCE''===

* [[/George Basil Lance|Lance, George Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G182-WVT] - 1920(Vic)-2015(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3DS Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2286, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); radio repairer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949); radio retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1954-1968); retailer (Ballarat, Vic, 1977); retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1980)

===''LANE''===

* [[/Cyril Herbert Dodson Lane|Lane, Cyril Herbert Dodson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWYS-VSB] - 1888(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XDM Sydney (1909-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: born Cyril Herbert Dodson - Relationships: brother-in-law of Charles Dansie Maclurcan - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/248422 VWMA] -  {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Leslie Sydney Lane|Lane, Leslie Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9Y-FKC]- 1892(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XGE Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914); 2LL Sydney (Randwick, 1926-1928); 2LL Weethalle (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 699, 1946 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postmaster (Weethalle, NSW, 1930-1943); electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1949); charge hand (Abbotsford, NSW, 1954-1963);

* [[/Robert William Lane|Lane, Robert William &quot;Bobby&quot; or Tex Morton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSXW-HM7] - 1916(NZ)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[Tex_Morton|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/morton-tex-15027 ADB]

* [[/Ronald William Lane|Lane, Ronald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D2-RRV] - 1919(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (East Prahran, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2274, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Armadale. Vic, 1949-1967; Prahran, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''LANG''===

* [[/Henry Bryan Lang|Lang, Henry Bryan &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL9B-4PP] - 1903(Vic)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6HL Perth (Claremont, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2098, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1925); radio mechanic (Claremont, WA, 1931-1972)

===''LANGAN''===

* [[/Harold Francis Langan|Langan, Harold Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX1-DJM] - 1905(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 40, 1931; AOCP 773, 1931, NSW; COCP2 412, 1932; COCP1 729, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Clovelly, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Clovelly, NSW, 1933); labourer (Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Waverley South, NSW, 1936; Randwick North, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Lavender Bay, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949); radio operator (Kensington, NSW, 1954); radio officer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Buff Point via Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''LANGENSCHIED''===

* [[/Ernest Carl Hamilton Langenschied|Langenschied, Ernest Carl Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8Z-JMY] - 1895(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6EL Geraldton (1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2180, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Bassendean, WA, 1931); wireless mechanic (Bayswater, WA, 1936); kitchenhand (Bayswater, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Bassendean, WA, 1943)

===''LANGFIELD''===

* [[/Harold Leslie Langfield|Langfield, Harold Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-3D6] - 1893(Wales)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4CO Brisbane (Rosalie, 1935-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1572, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: club steward (Rosalie, Qld, 1934-1977; Paddington, Qld, 1980);

===''LANGFORD-SMITH''===

* [[/Fritz Langford-Smith|Langford-Smith, Fritz]] - 1904(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - electronics designer (AWA); author (Radiotron Designers Handbook); journalist (Radiotronics) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198908.pdf EA]

===''LANGHANS''===

* [[/Ron Langhans|Langhans, Ron]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - historian (broadcasting); author (First Twelve Months of Broadcasting)

===''LANGRIDGE''===

* [[/George David Langridge|Langridge, George David]] - 1829(Eng)-1891(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Postmaster-General Victoria in early 1880s

===''LAPTHORNE''===

* [[/Horace Charles Lapthorne|Lapthorne, Horace Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W8-STK] - 1900(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1924); 2HL Sydney (Chatswood, 1928-1938; Lane Cove, 1939; Artarmon, 1948-1969); 2HL Noraville (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 422, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Artarmon, 1930-1937; Chatswood, 1943-1968); retired (Noraville, 1972)

===''LARSEN''===

* [[/Herbert Peter Christian Larsen|Larsen, Herbert Peter Christian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36L-GHQ] - 1901(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 4JW Charters Towers(1928-1937); 4JW Cairns (1938-1939, 1947-1956); 4JW Charters Towers (1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 439, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: brewery hand (Charters Towers, 1925-1936); engine driver (Cairns, 1943-1954; Charters Towers, 1958-1968)

===''LARSSON''===

* [[/Gustaf William Larsson|Larsson, Gustaf William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTD-55K] - 1902(Tas)-1992(Tas) - Licences: 7BJ Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 92, 1932; AOCP 3275, 1952 - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hobart West, 1928-1936)

===''LATHWELL''===

* [[/Arthur George Couzens Lathwell|Lathwell, Arthur George Couzens]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZH3-G9L] - 1911(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AL Bunbury (1935-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1467, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician's assistant (Bunbury, WA, 1936-1937); electrician (Bunbury, WA, 1943-1980)

===''LAUNDER-CRIDGE''===

* [[/Wilfred Edgar Launder-Cridge|Launder-Cridge, Wilfred Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXT9-S5L] - 1899(Eng)-1960(Tas) - Licences: 5BZ Adelaide (Brooklyn Park, 1928); 3QZ Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1933); 3UU Melbourne (Essendon, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 200, 1930; 1COCP 120, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon North, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cambridge, Tas, 1943); OIC, DCA (Forrest, WA, 1958)

===''LAURENCE''===

* [[/John Henry Laurence|Laurence, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXL7-YKV] - 1916(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5MZ Adelaide (Malvern, 1933-1939); 3PF Melbourne (Sandringham, 1947-1948); 3PF Benalla (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1164, 1933, SA; 1COCP 118, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Ceduna, 1941-1943); farmer (Wellington, Benalla, 1949-1963; Benalla, 1967-1980)

===''LAURENSON''===

* [[/Sydney John Laurenson|Laurenson, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52L-GZL] - 1913(NSW)-1998(WA) - Licences: 2IS Sydney (Bexley, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 395, 1932; COCP1 291, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:  engineer (East Perth, WA, 1943); technician (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); manager (South Perth, WA, 1949-1954; Doubleview, WA, 1958-1963); radio officer (Doubleview, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Doubleview, WA, 1980)

===''LAURIE-RHODES''===

* [[/Melbourne Clive Laurie-Rhodes|Laurie-Rhodes, Melbourne Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-6K1] - 1915(Qld)-1997(NZ) - Licences: 4XU Brisbane (Hendra, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1353, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Hendra, Qld, 1936-1937)

===''LAVER''===

* [[/Charles Poynton Laver|Laver, Charles Poynton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JBH-SNC] - 1882(Eng)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5CP Cape Borda (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Lightkeeper (Cape Borda, SA, 1939; Edithburgh, 1941-1951)

===''LAVINGTON''===

* [[/Frederick Morgan Eric Lavington|Lavington, Frederick Morgan Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJM-ZC9] - 1903(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 2ZC Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1923); 2ZC Sydney (Waverley, 1923; Bondi, 1924-1925; Mosman, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Manly, 1930); engineer (Strathfield, 1932; Ashfield West, 1935-1936); electrical engineer (Ashfield West, 1937); engineer (Kensington, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1972)

===''LAVRICK''===

* [[/Otto Arthur Lavrick|Lavrick, Otto Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4T-Z91] - 1878(???)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6AV Receive Perth (Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1917); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1937; Norseman, WA, 1943); retired (Maylands, WA, 1954)

===''LAWLESS''===

* [[/Frank Alexander Lawless|Lawless, Frank Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-XVF] - 1883(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XDT Sydney (Enmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Pioneer, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: tram-driver (Enmore, NSW 1913; West Ryde, NSW, 1930-1935) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R2067936 Embarkation Roll]

===''LAWRIE''===

* [[/Kevan Alic Lawrie|Lawrie, Kevan Alec or Alic]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRS-5YP] - 1915(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5AK Adelaide (Lockleys, 1936-1939; York, 1947-1948; Lockleys, 1954-1965; Brooklyn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1602, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lockleys, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LAW''===

* [[/F. W. Law|Law, F. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923); 6CZ Perth (Armadale, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''LAWS''===

* [[/David Andrew Laws|Laws, David Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-FW5] - 1909(Qld)-1943(PNG) - Licences: 4DR Brisbane (Taringa, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 829, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Commando) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taringa, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/635901] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Sidney Frank Henry Laws|Laws, Sidney Frank Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6ZT-GBH] - 1893(NZ)-1973(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 6, 1914, No. 6 in Aus and Vic - commercial operator; coastal station operator; manager 7ZL (1927); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (obo 7ZL) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer operator (Wireless Station, Townsville, 1915); farmer (Launching Place, 1918); electrical engineer (Prahran, Vic, 1919); engineer (Armadale, Vic, 1919-1924); manager (Launceston, 1928); company manager (Double Bay, NSW, 1930-1931)

===''LAWTON''===

* [[/Alexander Kyle Lawton|Lawton, Alexander Kyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-FWT] - 1889(Qld)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD), radio clubs (QWI, member), business (movie theatres, Amico), WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowoomba, 1913; Wynnum South, 1915-1916); manager (Windsor, 1919); engineer (Nundah, 1925-1928); manager (Townsville, 1936-1937; Nundah, 1943-1949); manufacturer's agent (Virginia, 1954-1958); company director (Ashfield, 1963); sales manager (Ashfield, 1968-1977)

===''LEADBITTER''===

* [[/James Henry Leadbitter|Leadbitter, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP1-3V1] - 1882(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Receive West Wyalong (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: cycle mechanic (Darlington, 1903); mechanic (West Wyalong, 1913); cycle mechanic (West Wyalong, 1930-1943)

===''LE CORNU''===

* [[/Oswald Charles Cornu|Le Cornu, Oswald Charles &quot;Blue&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99TF-H5V] - 1898(NSW)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 2GK Bellingen (1931-1933); 2GK Lismore (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 795, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, Howitzer Brigade, Signals School, 1916-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: car-driver (Bellingen, NSW, 1930-1932); electrician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1937); PMG Linesman (Casino, NSW, 1943); lineman (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Byron Bay, NSW, 1968)

===''LEAL''===

* [[/Athol Frederick James Leal|Leal, Athol Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Y-WXN] - 1914(SA)-2000(???) - Licences: 5LQ Adelaide (Magill, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2310, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: improver (Magill, SA, 1939-1941)

===''LEANEY''===

* [[/William Gregory Leaney|Leaney, William Gregory]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK9P-JF9] - 1895(SA)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3XN Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923); 3XN Melbourne (Northcote, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Northcote, 1919-1954); driver (Coburg, 1963-1977); nil (Preston, 1980)

===''LEARMONTH''===

* [[/Lionel Pearson Learmonth|Learmonth, Lionel Pearson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNK-M9F] - 1890(Vic)-1934(At Sea) - Licences: 3PL Hamilton (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Drowned when Ketch was wrecked near New Years Island, Tasmania - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, Vic, 1912-1917); auctioneer (Hamilton, Vic, 1919-1931)

===''LEBER''===

* [[/David Leber|Leber, David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HD-847] - 1905(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3DL Melbourne (Richmond, 1929-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 481, 1929, Vic; COCP3 45, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1942); salesman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949)

===''LECKIE''===

* [[/Herbert Crockett Leckie|Leckie, Herbert Crockett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1R-QQN] - 1927(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3LH Melbourne (Elwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 1170, 1947 - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)

* [[/Raymond Campbell Leckie|Leckie, Raymond Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2Q-ZZV] - 1904(Vic)-1987(ACT) - Licences: 3TU Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923); 3TU Melbourne (Sandringham, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 215, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Sandringham, 1926); public servant (Braddon, 1935; Turner, 1943-1968); examiner of patents (Hughes, 1972); retired (Hughes, 1977-1980)

===''LEE''===

* [[/Francis Henry Samuel Lee|Lee, Francis Henry Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3LB-9NX] - 1892(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Bowral (1930); 4FI Kaparoko, Papua (1933); 2FL Glenbrook (1934); 2FL Sydney (Strathfield, 1935-1937); 4LF Misima, Papua (1938); 2LE Sydney (Brookly, 1946-1947; Dolans Bay, 1948-1950; Kogarah Bay, 1954-1955); 2LE Avoca Beach (1956-1961+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 43, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Harris Park, NSW, 1913); storekeeper (Glenbrook, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); storekeeper (Brooklyn, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kogarah, NSW, 1954); no occupation (Avoca Beach, NSW, 1958-1963)

* [[/George Lister Lee|Lee, George Lister]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNC-NFY] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AGD Newcastle (Mayfield, 1937-1938; Birmingham Gardens, 1939, 1946-1958; Kahibah, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1893, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937); engineer (Birminham Gardens, NSW, 1943-1958); turner (Kahibah, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LEE-ARCHER''===

* [[/Evan Leslie Lee-Archer|Lee-Archer, Evan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2K-F3W] - 1911(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3LM Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1929-1931); 3LM Wonthaggi (1933); 3LM Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1937; Malvern East, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 534, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1933); radio engineer (Korumburra, Vic, 1934); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1935); mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937)

===''LEGGE''===

* [[/Arthur William Legge|Legge, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9MJS-QKM] - 1906(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Ulverstone (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Ulverstone, 1928); no occupation (Hobart South, 1936); zinc worker (Hobart East, 1943); farmer (Cullenswood, 1949-1954)

===''LE GRAND''===

* [[/Sydney Walter Le Grand|Le Grand, Sydney Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQDD-D57] - 1902(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4LG Brisbane (Windsor, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 882, 1925; 2COCP 34, 1929; 1COCP 151, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Windsor, 1925-1926); operator (Woollahra, 1931-1937; Bellevue Hill, 1943-1949; Bondi Junction, 1954-1968); retired (Banora Point, 1972-1977)

===''LELLIOTT''===

* [[/Harvey William Lelliott|Lelliott, Harvey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF8D-LNT] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3ZG Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1936-1939; Sunshine, 1947-1956; McKinnon, 1960); 3ZG Ararat (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1769, 1936, Vic; TVOCP 571, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1937); radio mechanic (Sunshine, Vic, 1942-1954); public servant (Bentleigh North, Vic, 1963); PMG technician (Ararat, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Lelliott|Lelliott, Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-4PX] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3ZW Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1930-1939); 3AZW Melbourne (Boronia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 684, 1930, Vic; AOLCP 68, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Mont Albert, 1937); operator (Caulfield, 1942); public servant (Boronia, 1963-1980)

===''LEMMON''===

* [[/Charles Edward Lemmon|Lemmon, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLL-Z21] - 1885(Eng)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 95, 1915; 2COCP 120, 1930; 1COCP 71, 1930 - coastal wireless operator; WW2; RANRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Clayfield, Qld, 1915); officer-in-charge Wireless Station (Rockhampton, 1916-1921); radio telegraphist (Applecross, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); wireless operator (Broome, 1937); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1943-1949); retired (Rivervale, 1954-1963)

===''LEMPRIERE''===

* [[/Charles Louis Lempriere|Lempriere, Charles Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Y-NPS] - 1857(Vic)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Vermont, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: surgeon (South Yarra, 1912-1919); medical practitioner (Vermont, 1924-1934)

===''LENDRUM''===

* [[/Alexander Lendrum|Lendrum, Alexander &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NZ-Y5Y] - 1887(Qld)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2YL Sydney (Kensington, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1913); yardman (Toowoomba, 1921); constable (Kensington, 1930-1937)

===''LE NEVEZ''===

* [[/Arthur Le Nevez|Le Nevez, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C2-J6C] - 1913(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2LN Sydney (Annandale, 1933-1939); 2LN Lord Howe Island (1947-1954); 2LN Sydney (Bradfield Park, 1955; West Pymble, 1956-1980+); 2ABA Sydney (Marrickville, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1092, 1933, NSW; COCP1 85, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Annandale, NSW, 1934-1936); aeradio operator (Lord Howe Island, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Pymble, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''LENNON''===

* [[/Christopher James Lennon|Lennon, Christopher James &quot;Chris&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJL3-LZF] - 1889(Vic)-1932(Aus) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 4, 1929 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Broome, 1916-1917); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1925); telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1931)

===''LENON''===

* [[/Robert John Fitzmaurice Lenon|Lenon, Robert John Fitzmaurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WJ-1FK] - 1903(NSW)-1979(ACT) - Licences: 2TV Cowra (1935-1939); 2TV Canberra (Turner, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1515, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cowra, NSW, 1930-1937); joiner (Turner, ACT, 1949-1977)

===''LEONARD''===

* [[/Aubrey Benedict Leonard|Leonard, Aubrey Benedict]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9T-N4X] - 1896(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Receive Drouin (1922-1923); 3EN Drouin (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 244, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Drouin, 1922-1928); radio dealer (Drouin, 1931-1954); retired (Drouin, 1963-1967) 

* [[/John William Leonard|Leonard, John William &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G494-BY4] - 1906(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (Black Rock, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 386, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: linesman (Sandringham, 1931-1943); shopkeeper (Sandringham, 1949-1968)

* [[/Leslie Clarence Leonard|Leonard, Leslie Clarence &quot;Pat&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH15-16Q] - 1902(Vic)-1961(SA) - Licences: 5LT Adelaide (Payneham, 1946-1947; Medindie, 1948); 5LT Port Lincoln (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2336, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pilot (The Terrace, SA, 1939)

* [[/Vincent Halpin Leonard|Leonard, Vincent Halpin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8S4-TXD] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Melbourne (?, 1938-1939; Kew, 1946-1956); 3PJ St Andrews (1960); 3PJ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2167, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Abbotsford, 1937; Kew, 1937-1954); public servant (St Andrews, 1958; Balwyn, 1963-1980)

===''LESLIE''===

* [[/Julian Leslie|Leslie, Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS98-211] - 1873(Vic)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 142, 1915; 1COCP 246, 1932 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Leederville, WA, 1910-1912; Applecross, WA, 1913); O.I.C. (Radio Telegraph Station, Broome, WA, 1917); officer-in-charge (Radio Station, Thursday Island, 1925-1926); superintendent of wireless (Auburn, Vic, 1928); supervisor B.H. service (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''LESTER''===

* [[/Jack Lester|Lester, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5FQ-NQL] - 1902(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5LR Renmark (1930-1937); 5LR Berri (1938-1939); 5LR Adelaide (Millswood Estate, 1946-1947; Blackwood, 1954-1965); 5LR Victor Harbour (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 674, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 236, 1935; BOCP 369, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Berri, 1939-1943)

===''LETT''===

* [[/Frederick James Norman Lett|Lett, Frederick James Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2P-Y8D] - 1903(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923); 2WN Sydney (Annandale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Annandale, 1930-1936); publican (Sydney, 1937); hotelkeeper (Clifton Gardens Hotel, Mosman, 1943); Darlinghurst, 1949; Dulwich Hill, 1958; Marrickville, 1963); retired (Church Point, 1968)

===''LEUNIG''===

* [[/William Leslie Leunig|Leunig, William Leslie &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD25-HD2] - 1888(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDR Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1914-1919; Maryborough, Vic, 1921; Murrumbeena, Vic, 1922-1927; Elsternwick, Vic, 1928); civil servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (Dingley, Vic, 1942-1949)

===''LEVENSPIEL''===

* [[/Pinkus Levenspiel|Levenspiel, Pinkus or Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JB-QSL] - 1904(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2TX Wyong (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 668, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Wyong, NSW, 1936-1937); mechanic (Wyong, NSW, 1949-1963); motor dealer (Ourimbah, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''LEVERETT''===

* [[/John Henry Leverett|Leverett, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV79-R7Q] - 1894(Eng)-1957(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 25, 1914; 1COCP 88, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broome, 1916); telegraphist (Ascot, Qld, 1921); wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1943); wireless inspector (Burwood, NSW, 1954)

===''LEVERRIER''===

* [[/Francis Hewitt Leverrier|Leverrier, Francis Hewitt &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBT-DP5] - 1863(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Waverley, 1911-1914, Licence No. 5) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; radio clubs (WIA, president, 1910) - Electoral Rolls: barrister (Vaucluse, 1930-1934, Kings Counsel) - Relationships: father of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier 

* [[/Frank Neville Leverrier|Leverrier, Frank Neville &quot;Boy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M6RF-W2W] - 1904(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2BK Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922-1923); 2BK Sydney (Vaucluse, 1924-1930); 2ADE Castle Cove (1969-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 169, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; CPRT 931, 1926) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio work (Vaucluse, 1930); clerk (Vaucluse, 1933-1937); superintendent (Vaucluse, 1943-1949); public relations (Roseville, 1963-1968; Castle Cove, 1977) - Relationships: son of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier - TroveTag: &quot;2BK-2ADE - Frank Neville Leverrier&quot;

* [[/Henri Andre Leverrier|Leverrier, Henri Andre &quot;Henry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68N-18J] - 1882(NCL)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XEN Sydney (Gordon, 1911); XHL Sydney (City, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as manager, Australian General Electric, Sydney)  - Relationships: nephew of XEN Francis Hewitt Leverrier; cousin of 2BK-2ADE Frank Neville Leverrier - Electoral Rolls: engineer (North Sydney, 1913); manager (Crows Nest, 1930-1937)

===''LEVINGS''===

* [[/Stanley Basil Levings|Levings, Stanley Basil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1P-ZYH] - 1912(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3NS Melbourne (Regent, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1794, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Preston, Vic, 1936); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); fitter (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''LEVY''===

* [[/Lewis Joseph Levy|Levy, Lewis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFT-KSW] - 1902(Qld)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2XB Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 1686 Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); area officer (Goulburn, NSW, 1943); agent (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Levy|Levy, Richard &quot;Dick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-Z38] - 1909(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5AJ Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 654, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Torrensville, 1943)

===''LEWINGTON''===

* [[/Roy Lewington|Lewington, Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SN-BB4] - 1895(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XBX Sydney (Chatswood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Gunner, 7th B. A. Column) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; (apprentice electrical fitter for Coupland &amp; Waddell, Sydney at enlistment 1915) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/315726 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10241304 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''LEWIS''===

* [[/Charles Edward Cornelius Lewis|Lewis, Charles Edward Cornelius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTPH-278] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3NL Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 932, 1932, Vic; COCP1 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: factory employee (North Melbourne, Vic, 1936-1943); waterside worker (Ascot Vale East, Vic, 1954); electrical (Essendon North, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Essendon North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Henry Garrett Lewis|Lewis, Henry Garrett &quot;Harry&quot;]] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Hobart (no record of licence identified as yet) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (reported experimenting from 1912); councillor WIA Tas in 1923; manager 3UZ 1924 - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/William John Lewis|Lewis, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYJ-BZQ] - 1908(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2YB Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1936; McMahons Point, 1937); 6YB Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939); 2YB Sydney (Haberfield, 1947-1950; Paddington, 1954-1969; Ryde, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 863, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Comment: Several contemporaneous WJLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified due to numbers

===''LEYDEN''===

* [[/Francis Michael Leyden|Leyden, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-FP5] - 1914(WA)-1998(Eng) - Licences: 2AGP Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1612, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937-1972)

===''LIGHT''===

* [[/Cecil Eade Light|Light, Cecil Eade]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5W3-PKF] - 1913(NSW)-1985(Eng) - Licences: 2QM Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1183, 1933, NSW; COCP2 17, 1934; COCP1 137, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1927-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Coogee, NSW, 1934); salesman (Coogee, NSW, 1935-1937)

===''LIGHTON''===

* [[/Robert Lighton|Lighton, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2HJ-HD1] - 1869(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: 3CM Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1922-1924); 3RL Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 179, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Toongabbie, 1903; Benalla, 1916); independent means (East St Kilda, 1928; Armadale, 1937)

===''LILLIE''===

* [[/Raymond Charles Beaumont Lillie|Lillie, Raymond Charles Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS6-5W2] - 1907(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2QG Sydney (Manly, 1935-1939; Randwick, 1946-1955; Seaforth, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 417, 1932; COCP1 315, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1933); police constable (Manly, NSW, 1935; Randwick North, NSW, 1943-1954; Seaforth, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''LINDEN''===

* [[/Edwin Linden|Linden, Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXD-PRV] - 1904(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4FT Receive Brisbane (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Murgon, Qld, 1925); mechanic (Wilston, Qld, 1928); storekeeper (Clayfield, Qld, 1936-1937); telephone mechanic (Mackay, Qld, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Bowen, Qld, 1954); PMG technician (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''LINDNER''===

* [[/Herbert Edward Lindner|Lindner, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSVX-787] - 1904(NSW)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4BX Receive Brisbane (Alderley) 1922 - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wilston, 1928); motor mechanic (Maleny, 1934); mechanic (Windsor, 1936-1972); retired (Mt Samson, 1977)

===''LINDSAY''===


* [[/Donald Gordon Lindsay|Lindsay, Donald Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-126] - 1909(Vic)-1964(WA) - Licences: 2DY Sydney (Gordon, 1925-1936; Ashfield, 1937; Concord, 1938; Kogarah, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 83, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer - Electoral Rolls: student (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937; Concord, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Herbert Maxwell Lindsay|Lindsay, Herbert Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3L-S78] - 1913(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4HD Nambour (1937-1939); 4HD Buderim (1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2027, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); employment (company secretary) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1937; Taringa, Qld, 1943); fruitgrower (Buderim, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Alexander Lindsay|Lindsay, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRN-YDH] - 1911(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2AKR Sydney (Annandale, 1938-1939; Lidcombe, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2193, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Lidcombe, NSW, 1933); shop assistant (Lidcombe, NSW, 1934); mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/Patrick Charles Edward Lindsay|Lindsay, Patrick Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7R-8YZ] - 1896(Eng)-19??(Eng?) - Licences: 6PL Perth (West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 855, 1925; 2COCP 37, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless instructor (West Perth, WA, 1922; Balcatta, WA, 1925); radio engineer (South Brisbane, Qld, 1934)

===''LING''===

* [[/Thomas James Ling|Ling, Thomas James &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBWV-7Q7] - 1917(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1897, 1937, NSW; BOCP 68, 1937; TVOCP 1259, 1974 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Melbourne, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; West Sydney, NSW, 1954-1958; Hyde Park, NSW, 1963); radio engineer (Hyde Park, NSW, 1968; Concord, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''LINKLATER''===

* [[/Donald Charles Linklater|Linklater, Donald Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-Z44] - 1905(SA)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 5DL Pinnaroo (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1521, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949); technician (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1958)

===''LITCHFIELD''===

* [[/Ainslie Roland Litchfield|Litchfield, Ainslie Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9J3Z-FRP] - 1906(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RL Cooma (1925-1939); 2RL Sydney (Woollahra, 1947; Darling Point, 1948-1954; Rozelle, 1955-1958; Avalon Beach, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 200, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF; RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Cooma, 1930-1937); film producer (Avalon Beach, 1958-1968)

* [[/Llma Newby Litchfield|Brooks nee Litchfield, Llma Newby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G2-YCR] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YG Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1516, 1935, NSW - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Temora, NSW, 1943); home duties (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Rangemore via Deniliquin, NSW, 1949-1963; Deniliquin, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LITHGOW''===

* [[/John Charles Lithgow|Lithgow, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-5TL] - 1916(Tas)-1990(Eng) - Licences: 7WJ Launceston (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1688, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Marine officer? 1950s-1960s, several sea trips

===''LITTLEFAIR''===

* [[/George Thomas Littlefair|Littlefair, George Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5P1-4MT] - 1899(Eng)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2YV Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1936; Randwick, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1533, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Haberfield, NSW, 1930-1931); garage proprietor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); draftsman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''LITTLEJOHN''===

* [[/Arthur Sydney Littlejohn|Littlejohn, Arthur Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DW-VDD] - 1905(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AL Sydney (Leichhardt, 1930-1939); 4LF Gunalda (1947); 2OU Sydney (Leichhardt, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 579, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''LLEWELLYN''===

* [[/Alan Hugh Llewellyn|Llewellyn, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPV4-6R5] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2AH Sydney (Artarmon, 1932-1939; Ryde, 1946-1965; Epping, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 9320, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 269, 1935; TVOCP 68, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EE John Lewis Llewellyn - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1963); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Lewis Llewellyn|Llewellyn, John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVH-W5H] - 1907(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2EE Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935-1939; Mosman, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1519, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2AH Alan Hugh Llewellyn - Comment: Several contemporaneous JLLs including his father &amp; son - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Roseville, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1935-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''LLOYD''===

* [[/Henry Howard Lloyd|Lloyd, Henry Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST7-9LV] - 1904(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (College Town, 1923-1927); 5AG Adelaide (College Town, 1923); 5HL Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 57, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Beware another Henry Howard Lloyd [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDY-FS3] 1912-1981 in Adelaide, similar times - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/Hughie Frederick Lloyd|Lloyd, Hughie or Hugh Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-Y95] - 1917(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5BC Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939); 5BC Berri (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1137, 1933, SA; BOCP 281, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5HD William Edward Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939)

* [[/Roger Barton Lloyd|Lloyd, Roger Barton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTSZ-4GK] - 1922(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2AMO Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1939, 1946-1950; Kellyville, 1954-1961; Castle Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2317, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949; Kellyville, NSW, 1954-1958); loss assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); assessor (Castle Hill, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Walter Ernest George Lloyd|Lloyd, Walter Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY6-8SZ] - 1909(Eng)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AJF Newcastle (Stockton, 1938-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2103, 1938, NSW; COCP1 408, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Wickham, NSW, 1930; Islington, NSW, 1932; Stockton, NSW, 1933-1937); senior communications officer (Longreach, Qld, 1949)

* [[/William Edward Lloyd|Lloyd, William Edward &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGB-WR9] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5HD Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Cumberland, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1215, 1933, SA; 2COCP 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: Brother of 5BC Hughie Frederick Lloyd - Electoral Rolls: nil (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LOCKHART''===

* [[/Leon Edward Lockhart|Lockhart, Leon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CJ-6GG] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LE Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939; Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 514, 1929, Vic; 1COCP 205, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elwood, Vic, 1934-1937); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''LOESER''===

* [[/Hedley Edmond Loeser|Loeser, Hedley Edmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXL-RM6] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5LO Adelaide (Goodwood, 1936-1939; Col Light Gardens, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1748, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: display artist (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''LOFBERG''===

* [[/Oscar Edward Lofberg|Lofberg, Oscar Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPMV-Z9X] - 1912(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946; Rockdale, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1504, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist's apprentice (Bexley, NSW, 1935-1943); pharmacist (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949)

===''LOGAN''===

* [[/Edward George Logan|Logan, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PQ-2L4] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1547, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1937; Glenhuntly, Vic, 1942-1968; Carnegie, Vic, 1972)

===''LOMAX''===

* [[/Joseph Lomax|Lomax, Joseph]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EB Receive Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1913-1914; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1916-1917; Coorparoo, Qld, 1921-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926)

===''LONDON''===

* [[/James William London|London, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTH-BBX] - 1916(NZ)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 2UP Sydney (Manly, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1087, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Colonel) - Awards: OBE; MID - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1943); soldier (Mt Waverley, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10686688 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1518040 Mentioned in Despatches]

===''LONERAGAN''===

* [[/William Harry Bailey Loneragan|Loneragan, William Harry Bailey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT9-5SC] - 1917(WA)-1987(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2227, 1938, WA; BOCP 83, 1937) - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son-in-law of Charles Edward Lemmon - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Fremantle, WA, 1949); engineer (Station 6BY, Yornup, WA, 1954-1963); radio engineer (6AM, Northam, WA, 1968-1977); retired (Dawesville, WA, 1980)

===''LONG''===

* [[/Charles Richard Willard Long|Long, Charles Richard Willard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-BZK] - 1913(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3CL Melbourne (Frankston, 1932-1939, 1947-1975; Carrum Downs, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 892, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Frankston, Vic, 1934-1972); timber worker? (Carrum Downs, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Henry Long|Long, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-ZT8] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Canterbury, 1936-1939; Strathfield, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1640, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Canterbury, NSW, 1930-1935); radio engineer (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1968); electrical engineer (Drummoyne, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Timothy Joseph Long|Long, Timothy Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ19-Z9G] - 1884(Qld)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 140, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIC Cooktown (1917-1918) - Comment: suicide after diagnosis terminal illness - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Toowoomba, 1908); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1916-1917); telegraphist (Townsville, 1921)

===''LONGLEY''===

* [[/Ruth Victoria Longley|Harris nee Longley, Ruth Victoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-5GJ] - 1913(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6YL Perth (Shenton Park, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1808, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; YL operator; WW2 - Relationships: Wife of 6NL Valentine Harms Harris - Electoral Rolls: saleswoman (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); home duties (Applecross, WA, 1949-1954); manager (Applecross, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

===''LONGMORE''===

* [[/Harold Longmore|Longmore, Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY39-K2K] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3FD Shepparton (1934-1937); 3FD Lubeck (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1325, 1934, Vic; BOCP 7, 1936; COCP2 284, 1940; COCP1 324, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (3LK Lubeck); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936); radio technician (Shepparton, Vic, 1949); theatre proprietor (Tatura, Vic, 1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968; Beaumaris, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1980)

===''LONGSTAFF''===

* [[/Thomas Allen Hector Longstaff|Longstaff, Thomas Allen Hector &quot;Allen&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWQM-WF3] - 1896(SA)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XVR Adelaide (Alberton, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 55, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: executive (Brighton, Vic, 1949)

===''LONGWORTH''===

* [[/Reginald John Longworth|Longworth, Reginald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KC-GZV] - 1910(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RD Sydney (Greenwich, 1931-1933; Wollstonecraft, 1933-1938; St Leonards, 1939, 1947-1958; Forestville, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 791, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 25, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1933; Naremburn, NSW, 1934; Chatswood, NSW, 1936; North Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1937; Crows Nest, NSW, 1943-1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954-1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963)

===''LONSDALE''===

* [[/Russell George Lonsdale|Lonsdale, Russell George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYWX-JNM] - 1909(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2AKY Lismore (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1195, 1933, NSW; COCP2 15, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: publisher (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Paddington, NSW, 1931; Waverley, NSW, 1933); wireless serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Waterfall Sanatorium, NSW, 1943)

===''LORD''===

* [[/Andrew Charles Lord|Lord, Andrew Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBG9-J99] - 1920(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3BE Ballarat (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2212, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); shire secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1968); secretary (Ballarat, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''LORDEN''===

* [[/Geoffrey Allan Lorden|Lorden, Geoffrey Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJB-2P8] - 1907(WA)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 6GL Perth (Perth, 1925-1926; West Perth, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 175, 1925, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 342, 1940; 1COCP 441, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1931); survey assistant (Jingalup, WA, 1936-1937); radio operator (Hotel Beadon, Onslow, 1943; Kalgoorlie, 1949); civil servant (Mitcham, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''LORENZEN''===

* [[/Lawrence Paul Lorenzen|Lorenzen, Lawrence Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTC5-C5C] - 1909(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4LP Emerald (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1357, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway cleaner (Emerald, Qld, 1936-1954); loco driver (Emerald, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''LOVE''===

* [[/Howard Kingsley Love|Love, Howard Kingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGQ-8S5] - 1895(Vic)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3BM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922-1931; Glen Iris, 1933), 3KU Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 230, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio clubs (WIA Vic); business proprietor (radio manufacturer) - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Orong, 1919; Malvern East, 1921-1924; Gardiner, 1927-1933); manager (Gardiner, 1936-1937); engineer (Mt. Waverley, 1942) - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199407.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199408.pdf EA2]

* [[/James Peile Love|Love, James Peile &quot;Nim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7JF-83Z] - 1906(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4JL Brisbane (Kedron, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 469, 1928, No. ?? in Qld (Halcyon AOCP 1930); 3COCP 5259, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, AIF) - Electoral Rolls: auctioneer (Kedron, 1928-1943; Hawthorne, 1949-1980)

* [[/Leslie Gilmore Love|Love, Leslie Gilmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52K-VQ8] - 1902(Wales)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2XE Sydney (Bondi North, 1934-1935); 2ABE Sydney (Randwick, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 307, 1930; COCP1 386, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor assembler (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930); wireless operator (Bondi, NSW, 1932-1937); radio officer (Narrabeen, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''LOVELESS''===

* [[/Max Lyndon Loveless|Loveless, Max Lyndon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX41-D28] - 1914(Tas)-1971(Tas) - Licences: 7ML Hobart (Moonah, 1938-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2162, 1938, Tas; BOCP 341, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Moonah, Tas, 1936); mechanic (Hobart North, Tas, 1943); PMG Technician (Moonah, Tas, 1949-1954)

===''LOVERING''===

* [[/George Francis Lovering|Lovering, George Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZJ-XTJ] - 1898(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2GF Sydney (Ashfield, 1931-1933); 2OO Sydney (Ashfield, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 867, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2GF amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2GF Grafton commercial service - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1958); no occupation (Narrabean North, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''LOVETT''===

* [[/Hubert Frank Lovett|Lovett, Hubert Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHG1-DT2] - 1905(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7HL Hobart (1926-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 246, 1926, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Hobart North, 1928-1937); manager (Hobart South, 1949; Nelson, 1954) - Links: [https://info.scholarships.utas.edu.au/AwardDetails.aspx?AwardId=2813 UTAS Scholarship]

* [[/Percy Lovett|Lovett, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDB5-M21] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2JP Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2210, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''LUBACH''===

* [[/Frederick John Lubach|Lubach, Frederick John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H7-VZD] - 1919(Qld)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4RF Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Annerley, 1946-1947); Dalby (1948-1950); Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1954; Camp Hill, 1965-75; Loganlea, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1745, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 868, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, instructor, QSL manager); military (WW2, RAN, wireless officer); broadcast technician (4QS, Capalaba) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Dalby, Qld, 1949; Coorparoo, Qld, 1954; Camp Hill, Qld, 1958-1968); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Loganlea, Qld, 1980)

===''LUCAS''===

* [[/Gillen Frederick Lucas|Lucas, Gillen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLB-Y7P] - 1894(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5LL Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1935-1939; Port Adelaide, 1947; Maylands, 1948; Trinity Gardens, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1589, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bootmaker (Kilkenny, SA, 1939-1943)

===''LUCKMAN''===

* [[/Charles Forsythe Arthur Luckman|Luckman, Charles Forsythe Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMF8-LS2] - 1901(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2JT Receive Sydney (Croydon, 1922); 2JT Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1926; Lakemba, 1927-1933; Croydon, 1934; Ashfield, 1935-1938; Croydon, 1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 41, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: lift engineer (Lakemba, 1930-1933); electrician (Croydon, 1935-1943); electrical mechanic (Croydon, 1954-1972)

* [[/Thomas Stuart Luckman|Luckman, Thomas Stuart &quot;Stuart&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-8CD] - 1913(Qld)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 4SL Brisbane (Kalinga, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 783, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, CMF, Signals Northern Command); occupation (hardware executive) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Kalinga, 1936-1937); storeman (Hendra, 1943-1958); retired (Aspley, 1972-1977; Carseldine, 1980)

===''LUHRS''===

* [[/Victor Albert Luhrs|Luhrs, Victor Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZYN-VJJ] - 1888(Vic)-1964(SA) - Licences: V761 Receive Woori Yallock (1922); 3HB Receive Woori Yallock (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Torquon West, Nhill, 1909; Netherby, 1912-1914; Cavendish, 1916-1919; Woori Yallock, 1922-1924; Kalyan, SA, 1939); grazier (Tintinara, SA, 1941-1943)

===''LUM''===

* [[/Allan Douglas Lum|Lum, Allan Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92F-LX7] - 1913(SA)-1978(SA) - Licences: 5AL Adelaide (Joslin, 1932-1939; Hyde Park, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 980, 1932, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 427, 1940; TVOCP 263, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gawler, SA, 1939-1941); mechanic (Hyde Park, SA, 1943)

===''LUMB''===

* [[/Lloyd John Lumb|Lumb, Lloyd John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G84C-LF2] - 1907(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4LL Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 471, 1928, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); postal electrician (Stanthorpe, 1943); technician (Ashgrove, 1949); engineer (Ashgrove, 1958-1972)

===''LUMBEWE''===

* [[/Edwyn William Lumbewe|Lumbewe or Chong, Edwyn William or Hin &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-TGZ]- 1911(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2ZX Sydney (Randwick, 1931-1934); 2ZX Inverell (1935-1939, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 858, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Inverell, NSW, 1937-1977)

===''LUMSDAINE''===

* [[/John Clarence Lumsdaine|Lumsdaine, John Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94RH-VVK] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ABQ Sydney (Willoughby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 19, 1934; COCP1 95, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Paddington, NSW, 1930); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1920); police constable (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934; Willoughby, NSW, 1936-1968)

===''LUNN''===

* [[/Harold Vincent Lunn|Lunn, Harold Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXGY-4X5] - 1908(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 5HL Adelaide (Morphettville, 1935-1939); 2ANE Sydney (North Ryde) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1449, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Morphettville, SA, 1939-1943; Hurstville South, NSW, 1972); retired (North Ryde, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''LUSBY''===

* [[/Maurice MacIntosh Lusby|Lusby, Maurice MacIntosh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP54-JX7] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2WN Sydney (Coogee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1219, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Randwick East, 1937; Coogee, NSW, 1937); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Eastwood, 1954; Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1980; Picton, NSW, 1980)

===''LUXON''===

* [[/George Wilfred Luxon|Luxon, George Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YJ-XTL] - 1908(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5RX Adelaide (West Mitcham, 1928-1939, 1946-1965; Torrens Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 450, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster late 1920s; WW2; WIA SA (several official duties) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mitcham, 1939-1943)

===''LYNCH''===

* [[/Edward James Lynch|Lynch, Edward James]] [[https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTWT-PVV]] - 1891(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XIP Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1913); journalist (Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937; Hamilton, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Harold John Lynch|Lynch, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTD-VXL] - 1905(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4HL Brisbane (Fortitude Valley, 1934-1939, 1946-1956; Slacks Creek, 1960-1975); 4HL Springbrook (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1268, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); business proprietor (restaurants, picture theatres) - Electoral Rolls: cutter (Albion, Qld, 1928); shopkeeper (Valley, Qld, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Valley, Qld, 1949); shopkeeper (St Lucia, Qld, 1954; Slacks Creek, Qld, 1958-1968); owner (Slacks Creek, Qld, 1972-1977); retired (Springbrook, Qld, 1980)

===''LYONS''===

* [[/Joseph Aloysius Thomas Lyons|Lyons, Joseph Aloysius Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGY-XKB] - 1879(Tas)-1939(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - teacher; state politician; Premier of Tasmania; federal politician (Postmaster-General, Prime Minister of Australia); actively promoted development of broadcasting in Australia over two decades - Electoral Rolls:

=='''M'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''MABBITT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Matthew Mabbitt|Mabbitt, John Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-FD5] - 1905(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KI Lake Boga (1930-1939); 3JG Lake Boga (1947-1948); 3JG Swan Hill (1954-1960); 3JG Melbourne (Templestowe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 588, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Lake Boga, Vic, 1928-1949); supervisor (Swan Hill, Vic, 1954); public servant (Templestowe, Vic, 1963)

===''MACBETH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macbeth|Macbeth, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Macbeth|Macbeth, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB93-7Q4] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2JM Sydney (Redfern, 1931; Punchbowl, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 824, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Redfern, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1932-1934); mechanic (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1949); soldier (Punchbowl, NSW, 1958-1972)

===''MACDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macdonald|Macdonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Macdonald|Macdonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-WT8] - 1883(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 45, 1936 - senior federal public servant (Chief Engineer, Radiotelegraph Branch, PMGD, 1914); Lieutenant-Commander Telegraphist (RAN, in charge captured German Pacific Wireless); chief engineer 7EX; supervised erection 3AR, 5CL, 7ZL; early TV research  - Comment: Don't confuse with Don Macdonald AWA consultant - Electoral Rolls: Numerous contemporaneous DMcDs - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199505.pdf EA]

* [[/Llewellyn Macdonald|Macdonald, Llewellyn &quot;Lew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HH-73F] - 1908(Eng)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Newcastle (West Maitland, 1929-1934; Wickham, 1935-1936; Waratah, 1937; Mayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 478, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 69, 1936; BOCP 50, 1936; 1COCP 125, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cabinetmaker (West Maitland, 1930; Wickham, 1936); joiner (Waratah, 1937; Charlestown, 1972)

===''MACFARLANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Macfarlane formerly Fanning nee Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred - see Harriss, Dorothy Winnifred

* [[/Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius Macfarlane|Macfarlane, Reginald Antonio Austen Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDYR-1QZ] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2RM Griffith (1927-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 374, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1918) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Griffith, NSW, 1943-1949)

===''MACGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macgregor|Macgregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Thomas Macgregor|Macgregor, Howard Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-NNP] - 1920(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ZU Brisbane (Windsor, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2200, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Windsor, Qld, 1941-1949); assistant (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/William Alfred Macgregor|Macgregor, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB8W-9K3] - 1896(NSW)-1954(PNG) - Licences: 9MC Kavieng, PNG (1937); 9MC Wewak, PNG (1938-1939, 1947-1948); 9MC Baiyer River (1954) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Blackhall, Qld, 1921-1925; Mildura, Vic, 1931-1934)

===''MACKAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackay|Mackay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Stewart Mackay|Mackay, Cedric Stewart or Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/973G-3Q2] - 1889(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XADF Coffs Harbour (1913-1914); 2GP Receive Urunga (1922); 2GP Urunga (1924-1931); 2GO Coffs Harbour (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 149, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Urunga, 1930); agent (Coffs Harbour, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ian Keith Mackay|Mackay, Ian Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JG-NHF] - 1907(NZ)-1985(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - author; historian (broadcast, &quot;Broadcasting in New Zealand&quot; (1953), &quot;Broadcasting in Australia&quot; (1957), &quot;Broadcasting in Nigeria&quot; (1964), &quot;Broadcasting in Papua New Guinea&quot; (1976) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting executive (Lane Cove, 1954); executive (Killara, 1958)

* [[/Ronald Reay Mackay|Mackay, Ronald Reay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N2-Y6T] - 1905(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1922); 3MU Melbourne (Carlton, 1931-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil); principal (RMIT) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1963) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mackay-ronald-reay-10980 ADB]

===''MACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackel|Mackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Mackel|Mackel, John Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DJ-FP5] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2HG Sydney (Chatswood, 1930-1939, 1946-1947; Lane Cove, 1948-1965; Hunters Hill, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1943); insurance inspector (Lane Cove, NSW, 1949-1954); insurance manager (Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1963); manager (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''MACKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Harper Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Alexander Harper &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-MVZ] - 1892(Sct)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4GK Brisbane (Wynnum, 1930-1939; Bulimba, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 628, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Fire Service) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Brisbane City, 1916; Hamilton, 1919; Brisbane City, 1925); fire brigade officer (Wynnum, 1928-1936); newsagent (Bulimba, 1949); retired (Bulimba, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 4YL Florence Madeline Mackenzie and 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie

* [[/Arthur Alexander Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Arthur Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J3-796] - 1918(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4HJ Jericho (1937); 4HJ Brisbane (Wynnum, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1346, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Townsville, 1949); newsagent (Grange, 1954-1963); public servant (Townsville, 1972; Cleveland, 1972; Thornlands, 1977, Cleveland, 1980) - Relationships: son of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; brother of 4YL Florence Madeline Streamer nee Mackenzie

* [[/Florence Madeline Mackenzie|Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-B8C] - 1922(Qld)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 4YL Brisbane (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; third YL operator in Qld - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Mitchelton, 1949; New Farm, 1954) - Relationships: daughter of 4GK Alexander Harper Mackenzie; sister of 4HJ Arthur Alexander Mackenzie - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/Harold Stuart Mackenzie|Mackenzie, Harold Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L21R-VGN] - 1908(Qld)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 4AM Brisbane (Annerley, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 518, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 90, 1937; 1COCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1937); company manager (Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); radio operator (Blackheath, 1958); unemployed (Burleigh Heads, 1963-1968); technician (Burleigh Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MACKIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackie|Mackie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Ernest Mackie|Mackie, Alexander Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3R3-YFM] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3QA Melbourne (East Malvern, 1935-1939, 1947-1948; Glen Waverley, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1545, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1942); clerk (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MACKINNON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Eric Wilton MacKinnon|MacKinnon, Colin Eric Wilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK45-QRQ] - 1941(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2KCM Sydney 1980s; 2DYM Sydney (1980-2004)- Qualifications: NAOCP N1793, 1981; AOLCP N1281, 1981; AOCP N1032, 1981, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (amateur radio; military radio; radar) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cronulla, 1968; Hurstville, 1977); retired (Glenhaven, 1980) - [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Colin_MacKinnon.htm Obit]
===''MACKINOLTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Clarence Mackinolty|Mackinolty, Hubert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRQ-T18] - 1897(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: XJED Korumburra (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 158, 1915 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auburn, Vic, 1919-1922); customs officer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1924-1925; Mosman, Vic, 1930; Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1931); civil servant (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); retired (Ringwood, Vic, 1954; Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1968; Mentone, Vic, 1977)

===''MACLARDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclardy|Maclardy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Foster St Clair Maclardy|Maclardy, William John Foster St Clair &quot;Will&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW66-BTD] - 1892(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Receive Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1922); 2HP Sydney (Cremorne, 1923; Neutral Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (2BL); journalist (Smith's Weekly, Wireless Weekly) - Comment: correct surname is St Clair Maclardy but rarely used - Relationships: son of William McIntyre St Clair Maclardy, one time Wireless Weekly proprietor - Electoral Rolls: advertising manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933); taxi driver (Glenmore, NSW, 1937); soldier (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943); traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1949); commercial traveller (Wollongong, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2HP - William John Foster St Clair Maclardy&quot;

===''MACLAREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclaren|Maclaren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles James Torrance Maclaren|Maclaren, Charles James Torrance]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-889] - 1889(Eng)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (South Yarra, 1933); 3MS South Ballarat (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1113, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Aus Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937); nil (Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1967)

* [[/Donald Catto Maclaren|Maclaren, Donald Catto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N1-2R2] - 1909(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2DM Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1939); 2NN Narrabri (1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 655, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Haberfield, 1933-1936; Taree, 1937; Narrabri, 1949)

===''MACLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclean|Maclean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Dalziel Maclean|Maclean, John Dalziel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D4-PHK] - 1907(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 2IM Leeton (1935-1937); 2IM Sydney (Ashbury, 1938-1939); 4IM Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1501, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''MACLURCAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Dansie Maclurcan|Maclurcan, Charles Dansie &quot;Mac&quot;, &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWR7-LJ3] - 1889(Qld)-1957(NSW) - Licences: XDM Sydney (CBD, 1909-1914) (Maclurcan &amp; Lane); 2CM Sydney (Strathfield, 1921-1939; Neutral Bay, 1946-1957); 2CY Sydney (Strathfield, 1923, briefly by administrative error); first licence issued under new 1922 radio regulations - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 98, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector; broadcast engineer; business proprietor (Maclurcan and Lane, 1909-19??, Maclurcan Engineering, Hotel Wentworth) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Darling Harbour, 1913); engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1934); hotel manager (Neutral Bay, 1949-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XDM-2CM - Charles Dansie Maclurcan&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maclurcan-hannah-13070 ADB] [[w:2CM|Wikipedia]] [https://radioinfo.com.au/news/who-was-radio-pioneer-charles-maclurcan/ radioinfo]

===''MACNAUGHTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Naughton Macnaughton|Macnaughton, Naughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPJ9-MPD] - 1911(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ZH Sydney (Croydon, 1932-1934; Roseville, 1935-1939; Wahroonga, 1946-1948; Lindfield, 1950; Pymble, 1954-1956; St Ives East, 1957-1961; West Pymble, 1965-1969; Marsfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 904, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2ZVW-2BA - David Edwin Macnaughton - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937; Windsor, NSW, 1943); manager (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949; Lindfield, NSW, 1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954; Mona Vale, NSW, 1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977)

===''MACPHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Duncan Macpherson|Macpherson, Alexander Duncan &quot;Sandy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/29CF-Z3F] - 1899(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4MC Brisbane (Nundah, 1934-1939, 1946-1948; Oakleigh, 1954; Chermside, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1271, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Toombul RC); Qld Lands (draughtsman) - Comment: Slow update for death in Electoral Rolls? - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1949; Oakleigh, Qld, 1954; Chermside, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MADDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney John Madden|Madden, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX16-WGL] - 1900(Sct)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MN Perth (City, 1930; North Perth, 1931; Maylands, 1933-1937; Wembley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 264, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931-1937; Wembley Park, WA, 1937-1943); supervisor (Wembley, WA, 1954)

===''MADDICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddick|Maddick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert William Maddick|Maddick, Herbert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHLB-J2P] - 1890(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: XLX Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914); 3EF Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3EF Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1933+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 161, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; perpetrator of the foul mouthed parrot incident - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Elsternwick, 1917); mechanic (Elsternwick, 1919-1954)

===''MADDICKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddicks|Maddicks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Thomas Maddicks|Maddicks, Henry Thomas &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJBP-PFV] - 1912(Vic)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 3UA Daylesford (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2228, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Daylesford, Vic, 1936-1977)

===''MADDISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maddison|Maddison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Victor Maddison|Maddison, Ernest Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJ6-SWD] - 1907(Vic)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1935); 2WZ Sydney (Randwick, 1936; Normanhurst, 1937; Willoughby, 1938; Randwick, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1331, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls:

===''MAGEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magee|Magee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin William Michael Magee|Magee, Kevin William Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-51Z] - 1913(Vic)-1979(Vanuatu) - Licences: 5KM Adelaide (City, 1931-1933); 2UN Sydney (Paddington, 1936); 3UN Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1937); 3KM Melbourne (Kew, 1947-1960; North Balwyn, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 874, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: staff cadet (Victoria Barracks, NSW, 1936); military officer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; Kew, Vic, 1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1949-1954); company director (Kew, Vic, 1963); director (Balwyn, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''MAGENNIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Magennis|Magennis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Aubrey Magennis|Magennis, Alfred Ernest Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR7T-5RB] - 1907(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2AFE Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1842, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MAGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maguire|Maguire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Maguire|Maguire, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SN-BKC] - 1921(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3IO Stratford (1938-1939; 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2216, 1938, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stratford, 1949-1977); grazier (Munro, 1980)

* [[/Ernest Norbert Maguire|Maguire, Ernest Norbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR4X-F61] - 1892(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2KL Sydney (Lewisham, 1928-1930; Dulwich Hill, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 387, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 14, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Lewisham, 1930-1932); sergeant of police (Putney, 1943; Gladesville, 1949-1958); retired (Lake Illawarra South, 1963)

* [[/Sydney William Maguire|Maguire, Sydney William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNDF-L85] - 1903(WA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2XY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; North Bondi, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRTelephony 933, 1926; AOLCP 74, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Rose Bay, 1930-1934; Glenmore, 1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Maroubra North, 1943); inspector (Maroubra North, 1949; Kingsford, 1954-1958)

===''MAHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maher|Maher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Anthony Maher|Maher, Francis Anthony &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKS3-6QD] - 1912(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3FZ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1932-1939; Pascoe Vale South, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 941, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1936; Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937; Coburg West, Vic, 1942-1954; Pascoe Vale South, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mahon|Mahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Mahon|Mahon, Hugh]] - 1857(Ire)-1931(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1904)

===''MAIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stephen John Leith Mais|Mais, Stephen John Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHG-BTV] - 1898(WA)-1960(WA) - Licences: 6CQ Receive Perth (Chester Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: trainee (South Fremantle, WA, 1925); carpenter (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1958)
===''MAKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Makin|Makin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Makin|Makin, Bert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G26D-PZL] - 1888(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: XAEJ Sydney (Kogarah West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (West Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1931; Manly, NSW, 1933-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEJ - Bert Makin&quot;

* [[/George Makin|Makin, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97S3-JFZ] - 1914(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2198, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Relationships: Brother of 4OK John Makin (passed AOCP same day)  - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1936-1963); lightkeeper (Lighthouse, Sandy Cape, Qld, 1963; Fitzroy Island, Qld, 1968); tin miner (Mt Poverty, Qld, 1969)

* [[/John Makin|Makin, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6J-4KT] - 1906(Eng)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4OK Columboola (1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2199, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of George Makin (passed AOCP same day) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Columboola, Qld, 1930-1963); wardsman (Miles, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MALCOLM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Graham Malcolm|Malcolm, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8F-K5W] - 1949(Eng)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 3ZYK Melbourne (North Clayton, 1969; Mulgrave, 1975; Berwick, 1980); 1???; 2??? - Qualifications: AOLCP 2407, 1967 - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC); Communications Laboratory DoC (Director) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayton, Vic, 1972; Mulgrave, 1977; Berwick, 1980)
===''MALONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malone|Malone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Joseph Malone|Malone, James Joseph &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWL8-8DP] - 1883(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 240, 1916 - employment (NSW P&amp;T, Telegraph Messenger; PMGD, Cadet Engineer, Controller Wireless; OTC, Manager); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Clayfield, Qld, 1917-1925; Kew, Vic, 1926-1928); chief inspector wireless (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); Deputy Director, Posts and Telegraphs (Indooroopilly, 1943); public servant (Lindfield, NSW, 1949-1963) - Links: [[w:James Joseph Malone|Wikipedia]];  [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_05_30#P.109_-_Commonwealth_Controller_of_Wireless|Bio]]

* [[/Laurence Edward Palek Malone|Malone, Laurence Edward Palek &quot;Edward&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY19-CCV] - 1915(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3LV Mologa (1937-1939); 3QE Maryborough (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1883, 1937, Vic; COCP1 197, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Maloga, Vic, 1937); engineer (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MALONEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maloney|Maloney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kent Allen Maloney|Maloney, Kent Allen or Allen Kent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JQ-9J4] - 1904(NZ)-1977(NZ) - Licences: 2UC Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1936); 2UC Lismore (1937-1939); 2UC Sydney (Rockdale, 1946-1947)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1328, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Sergeant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wanganui, NZ, 1925-1928; Waverley, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1935); radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1936); radio serviceman (Lismore, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Hastings, NZ, 1946-1960); radio technician (Hastings, NZ, 1963); retired (Hastings, NZ, 1969-1972) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1255758 VWMA]

===''MALPAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Malpas|Malpas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth John Malpas|Malpas, Kenneth John &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MGC2-BNN] - 1909(SA)-1929(SA) - Licences: 5XG Kadina (1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 313, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''MANAHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manahan|Manahan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Gerald Manahan|Manahan, Frank Gerald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRJN-9MZ] - 1911(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 2AGN Murwillumbah (1937-1938); 4FG Brisbane (Annerley, 1947-1948; St Lucia, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1901, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1936-1937; Camp Hill, Qld, 1941); company director (Annerley, Qld, 1949); director (St Lucia, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MANCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Roy Mancer|Mancer, Arthur Roy &quot;Roy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GV8K-J7L] - 1892(NZ)-1968(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 110, ?; 1COCP 71, 1935 - radio telegraphist - Electoral Rolls:

===''MANGNALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Hartley Mangnall|Mangnall, Robert Hartley Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MD-3L2] - 1903(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3?? Melbourne (Carlton, 1927); 3HB Melbourne (Highett, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 350, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Carlton, Vic, 1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MANIFOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Charles Manifold|Manifold, Edwin Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXMR-BFZ] - 1908(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3EM Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1933; McKinnon, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 647, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Malvern, 1931-1934; Bentleigh, 1936-1980)

===''MANKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manks|Manks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Eli Manks|Manks, Thomas Eli]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCV-6JS] - 1914(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1936-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1619, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Sandringham, Vic, 1936-1942); pharmacist (Sandringham, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''MANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manley|Manley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Patrick Joseph Francis Manley|Manley, Patrick Joseph Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSL-LYV] - 1894(Vic)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1935-1939; Camperdown, 1947-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 614, 1921 (Marconi); COCP2 381, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: agent (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924); company manager (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931); company director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1934-1949; Rose Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Woollahra, NSW, 1963) 

* [[/William McGregor Manley|Manley, William McGregor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW6-J99] - 1903(Eng)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1931-1934; Parramatta, 1935-1936); 2XH Sydney (Gladesville, 1937-1938; Hunters Hill, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 767, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanical engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930-1931); engineer (Lilyfield, NSW, 1933-1935; Parramatta, NSW, 1936)

===''MANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bruce Reginald Mann|Mann, Bruce Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1J7-H22] - 1906(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3BM Quambatook (1937-1939, 1947-1969); 3BM Swan Hill (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1876, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 3CK James Barrett Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1931-1968; Swan Hill, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Edward Alexander Mann|Mann, Edward Alexander]] - 1874(SA)-1951(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Federal politician for WA; political commentator &quot;The Watchman&quot;; author &quot;Arrows in the Air: A Selection from Broadcasts by &quot;The Watchman&quot; - Electoral Rolls: Not yet investigated - Links: [[w:Edward_Mann_(Australian_politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mann-edward-alexander-7472 ADB]

* [[/James Barrett Mann|Mann, James Barrett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWHB-WTR] - 1875(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Receive Quambatook (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 3BM Bruce Reginald Mann - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Quambatook, Vic, 1908-1967)

* [[/John Edward Mann|Mann, John Edward &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JY-STV] - 1912(SA)-1941(off Libyan coast) - Licences: 5EM Semaphore (1934-1938); 3IE Westmere (1938); 3IE Ballarat (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1304, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAN, telegraphist) - Relationships: Son of Thomas William Mann - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1675471 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10278775 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}} 

* [[/Sydney George Mann|Mann, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DP-V1C] - 1908(Eng)-1977(Eng) - Licences: 3KY Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1931; Hampton, 1937-1939, 1946-1954; East Brighton, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 594, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Glenhuntly, 1931); mechanic (Sandringham, 1936-1937); shopkeeper (Woodend, 1942); mechanic (Hampton, 1949-1954); sales (Carnegie, 1963); salesman (St Kilda, 1967)

* [[/Thomas William Mann|Mann, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLZ-2S3] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: Father of 5EM-3IE John Edward Mann- Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manning|Manning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol John Roland Manning|Manning, Athol John Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G69L-G2L] - 1916(Tas)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 7LR Devonport (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1367, 1934, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Devonport, 1949-1954) 

* [[/Clifton Joseph Manning|Manning, Clifton Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G893-WW6] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3CJ Melbourne (Ringwood, 1927; Elwood, 1931-1937; Eltham, 1938-1939; Balwyn, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1948; Beaumaris, 1954-1960); 3CJ Orbost (1965); 3CJ Marlo (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 338, 1927, Vic; COCP1 877, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (St Kilda, 1931-1936; Canterbury, 1943; Templestowe, 1949; Sandringham, 1954-1963); farmer (Orbost, 1967-1968); retired (Marlo, 1972-1977; Lang Lang, 1980)

* [[/George William Manning|Manning, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVD4-VMS] - 1909(Vic)-2003(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3XJ Melbourne (Maribyrnong, 1934-1939; Richmond, 1947-1954; Parkdale, 1955-1965); 3XJ Birchip (1969); 3XJ Narraport (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1312, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maribyrnong, Vic, 1931-1937; Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949; Burnley, Vic, 1954); public servant (Mordialloc, Vic, 1963-1968); technician (Noble Park, Vic, 1972); engineer (Narraport, Vic, 1977)

===''MANSFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. D. Mansfield|Mansfield, H. D.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XZQ Burnie (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MANTLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Patrick Thomas Mantle|Mantle, Joseph Patrick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX84-DP9] - 1913(Qld)-1976(Fiji) - Licences: 4XF Brisbane (Ascot, 1933-1939); 4XF Townsville (Hermit Park, 1947-1948); 4XF Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1960); 3AEN Bendigo (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1146, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 1083, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (Ascot, Qld, 1936); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1949); business manager (New Farm, Qld, 1954); manager (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); sales manager (Warwick, Qld, 1963); no occupation (Townsville, Qld, 1963); sales executive (Petersham, NSW, 1972)
===''MANUEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manuel|Manuel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Thomas Manuel|Manuel, Robert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KF5S-3R5] - 1910(SA)-2003(SA) - Licences: 5RT Adelaide (Prospect, 1932-1939, 1947-1960; Beefacres, 1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1052, 1932, SA; BOCP 1310, 1953; 2COCP 1279, 1953; 1COCP 1688, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MANWARING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Manwaring|Manwaring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Leslie Manwaring|Manwaring, Albert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNQB-V26] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2AJK Cootamundra (1938-1939, 1946-1950); 2QK Cootamundra (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2089, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cootamundra, NSW, 1935-1937); timber merchant (Cootamundra, NSW, 1943-1954); nursery man (Cootamundra, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''MARCONI''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marconi|Marconi, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi|Marconi, Guglielmo Giovanni Maria]] - 1874(Italy)-1937(Italy) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Inventor, electrical engineer, entrepreneur, businessman; pioneer of long distance radio transmission, widely credited as the inventor of radio; shared 1909 Nobel prize for physics for contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy

===''MARCUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eugen Gerald Marcuse|Marcuse, Eugen Gerald &quot;Gerald&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9C3M-X1G] - 1886(Eng)-1961(Eng) - Licences: G2NM England - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer

===''MARKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marks|Marks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Hubert Marks|Marks, Edward Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMT9-YTF] - 1911(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3VM Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1955; Sassafras, 1956-1960; East Malvern, 1965; Armadale, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1948, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: dental student (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936); dentist (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); dental surgeon (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1954); dentist (Malvern East, Vic, 1958-1968); grazier (Porcupine Ridge via Daylesford, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Sydney Marks|Marks, Joseph Sydney or Sydney Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQG4-X1G] - 1885(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2GR Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio trader (Electricity House, Marks' Radio Company); electrician; police officer; sued by 2BL for non-payment of fees in 1924 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rose Bay, 1930-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2GR - Joseph Sydney Marks&quot;

===''MARLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric William Marley|Marley, Cedric William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVF2-DJ4] - 1918(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4CJ Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1938-1939; Graceville, 1947; Kalinga, 1948); 4CJ Rockhampton (1954-1956); 4CJ South Mackay (1960); 9CJ Port Moresby (1965); Brisbane (Mt Gravatt, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2079, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); broadcast technician (PMG, ABC); WW2 (RAN, telegraphist); federal public servant (PMG, ABC) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Kalinga, Qld, 1949; Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); broadcast technician (Mackay, Qld, 1958; Bucasia, Mackay, Qld, 1958; Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''MARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marr|Marr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Clanan Marr|Marr, Charles William Clanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9M8V-QQM] - 1880(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: MHR (Forrest, NSW, 1929); director (Crows Nest, NSW, 1933); company director (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1933-1935); director (Crows Nest, NSW,  1935); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1937-1943; Killara, NSW, 1943-1949; Pymble, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/John Neville Marr|Marr, John Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTY5-D27] - 1915(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3HT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1933-1939); 6AJ Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1948); 3AJB Melbourne (Carrum, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1198, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946; RAAF) - Awards: DFC, 1943 - Electoral Rolls: aircraftsman (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Pearee Aerodrome, WA, 1943-1949); RAAF (Deepdene, Vic, 1954; Dickson, ACT, 1963; Yokine, WA, 1968; Dianella, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MARRIOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marriott|Marriott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald James Marriott|Marriott, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYFC-GW3] - 1912(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SI Melbourne (Toorak, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1778, 1936, Vic; COCP3 3782, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1935-1937); director &amp; supervisor (Toorak, Vic, 1943-1967); director (Toorak, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''MARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Burton Mars|Mars, Ernest Burton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VJ-GWR] - 1907(SA)-1987(Qld) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Unley, 1923-1924); 4EM Charleville (1930-1933); 2EM Dubbo (1934-1936); 4EM Charleville (1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2GE Moree (1948); 4EM Emerald (1954-1955); 4EM Charleville (1956); 4EM Longreach (1960); 4EM Currumbin (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 686, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 23, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Dubbo, 1935); bank official (Charleville, 1937-1943; Wagga Wagga, 1949); bank clerk (Moree, 1949); bank manager (Commonwealth Bank Emerald, 1954; Commonwealth Bank, Charleville, 1958; Longreach, 1963); retired (Currumbin, 1968; Palm Beach, Qld, 1977-1980) - established 4VL Charleville commercial

===''MARSDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Marsden|Marsden, Robert Cecil &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G92N-W62] - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Sydney, 1909; 2JM Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922); 2JM Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1923-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1925-1926; Edgecliff, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIA NSW, local NSW clubs) - Relationships: Father of 2VV-2FV Robert Morris Marsden - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Woolahra, 1930; Epping, 1930-1958); manager (Castlecrag, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2JM - Robert Cecil Marsden&quot;
* [[/Robert Morris Marsden|Marsden, Robert Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX1-VPG] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2VV Sydney (Kingsford, 1958-1969); 2FV Tuross Heads (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 226, 1956; AOCP 3627, 1957, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: Son of 2JM Robert Cecil Marsden - Electoral Rolls: taxi proprietor (Bondi Beach, 1949; Kingsford, 1958-1972); retired (Tuross Heads, 1972-1980)

===''MARSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Marsh|Marsh, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFCL-QZ7] - 1890(Eng)-1943(WA) - Licences: 6DQ Receive West Pingelly (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Harrismith, WA, 1931); miner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1936-1943)
* [[/Roy Edward William Marsh|Marsh, Roy Edward William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF42-28N] - 1899(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6CE Receive Perth (North Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (East Perth, WA, 1921; Maylands, WA, 1925-1926; East Midland, WA, 1931-1963)
* [[/Sydney Westport Marsh|Marsh, Sydney or Sidney Westport]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LFLN-PKM] - 1889(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2ZK West Wallsend (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ladysmith, 1913); fitter (West Wallsend, 1930-1937)

===''MARSHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marshall|Marshall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Francis Marshall|Marshall, Archie Francis &quot;Arch&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37M-W83] - 1907(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4AF Clifton (1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 438, 1928, No. 48 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business proprietor (blacksmith, fitter/turner) - Electoral Rolls: blacksmith (Clifton, 1930-1980)

* [[/Herbert Anthony Marshall|Marshall, Herbert Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJR-P3P] - 1888(India)-1948(NSW) - Licences: unlicensed?, Port Pirie, 1910; 2HM Armidale (1924-1926); 2HM Sydney (Bondi, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: AOCP 115, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 48, 1931 - Comment: proud of his initials &quot;H.A.M.&quot;, early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Relationships: his daughter Denise Chalmers Marshall frequently on air over 2HM - TroveTag: &quot;2HM - Herbert Anthony Marshall&quot; - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1934-1943)

* [[/Mary Austine Marshall|Henry nee Marshall, Mary Austine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X2-GR6] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3YL Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1930-1939, 1946-1956; East Malvern, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 619, 1930, Vic - YL amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1936-1937); no occupation (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1954); home duties (Oakleigh, Vic, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://dokufunk.org/amateur_radio/contributions/index.php?CID=13532&amp;ID=13600 Dokufunk]

* [[/M. J. Marshall|Marshall, M. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3NP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1938-1939; Toorak, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vaughan Edward Marshall|Marshall, Vaughan Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86T-KNY] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3UK Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1930-1933; Kew, 1937-1939, 1946-1969; Mt Eliza, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 603, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Kew, Vic, 1936); tea specialist (Kew, Vic, 1937-1968); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''MARSLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marsland|Marsland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Bruce Marsland|Marsland, Benjamin Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-X47] - 1906(Qld)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 4DX Receive Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928); teller (Normanton, Qld, 1930); bank clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1931; Malanda, Qld, 1932); no occupation (Annerley, Qld, 1943)

* [[/James Gilbert Marsland|Marsland, James Gilbert &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY2-JTB] - 1912(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3NY Cobden (1931); 3NY Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1933-1937; Glen Iris, 1938-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 774, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarendon, Vic, 1936; South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); bank clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''MARSTELLA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marstella|Marstella, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Arthur Marstella|Marstella, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCM-JRQ] - 1911(NSW)-2001(NSW)89yo - Licences: 2AEZ Newcastle (New Lambton, 1936-1938); 2AEZ Gosford (Erina, 1946-1950; Gosford, 1954-1958); 2AEZ Lidcombe (1960-1969); 2AEZ Forster (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1830, 1936, NSW; BOCP 1132, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Hamilton, NSW, 1933; New Lambton, NSW, 1935-1936); radio serviceman (Erina, NSW, 1949); technician (Gosford, NSW, 1954-1958); radio technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Lidcombe, NSW, 1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1977; Forster, NSW, 1980)

===''MARSTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Marston|Marston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Thomas Marston|Marston, James Thomas &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKDX-19C] - 1920(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4JA Brisbane (Belmont, 1948; Morningside, 1954); 4JA Toowoomba (1955-1956); 4JA Brisbane (Boondall, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2655, 1948, Qld - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: sheet metal worker (Buranda, Qld, 1943); engineer (Toowoomba South, Qld, 1958); technician (Boondall, Qld, 1963-1972)
* [[/W. L. Marston|Marston, W. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MARTENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martens|Martens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred John Martens|Martens, Alfred John &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QSF-SRH] - 1916(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5MA Clare (1947); 5MA Berri (1948); 5MA Renmark (1954-1965); 5MA Millswood (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2369, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clare, SA, 1941-1943)

===''MARTIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martin|Martin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Clive Martin|Martin, Bernard Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3K-1K5] - 1906(NSW)-1949(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Bankstown, 1923); Receive (Valve) Medlow Bath (1923); 2BM Sydney (Banksia, 1926; Bankstown, 1927; Bronte, 1928-1934; Potts Point, 1935-1936; Neutral Bay, 1938; Queenscliffe, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 883, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 11, 1929; COCP1 46, 1930 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Waverley, NSW, 1930); radio engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1935)

* [[/Eric Harold Martin|Martin, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX2-MBB] - 1903(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3ZF Melbourne (Preston, 1931-1933; Richmond, 1937; Elwood, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 764, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: driver (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1927; Preston, Vic, 1931); motor driver (Richmond, Vic, 1936); chauffeur (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Caulfield, Vic, 1942); fitter (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1954); public servant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963; Carnegie, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Eric Wilfred Martin|Martin, Eric Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6Z2-D33] - 1916(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Robinvale (1937); 2AHY Balranald (1938-1939); 3HN Bogong (1947-1956); 3APJ Mt Beauty (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1389, 1934; BOCP 353, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bogong, Vic, 1942-1954); superintendent (Mt Beauty, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Seaford South, Vic, 1980)

* [[/George Henry Martin|Martin, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX81-3CT] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FW Sydney (Waverley, 1932-1939); 2AFW Sydney (Waverley, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1010, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Waverley, NSW, 1930-1936); fitter (Waverley, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/James Frederick Martin|Martin, James Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR6-MS6] - 1909(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1927-1933); 3JM Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 340, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1936); traveller (North Fitzroy, Vic, 1949; Heidelberg, Vic, 1954-1963); sales director (Doncaster, Vic, 1967); sales (Noble Park, Vic, 1972)

* [[/James Lennox Alexander Martin|Martin, James Lennox Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTD-3TK] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3NT Melbourne (Dandenong, 1933-1939); 3AV Horsham (1948); 3AV Melbourne (Dandenong, 1954-1960); 3AV Horsham (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1201, 1933, Vic; COCP2 390, 1940; COCP1 470, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Dandenong, Vic, 1931-1934); mechanic (Dandenong, Vic, 1937-1949); radio mechanic (Horsham, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/John Michael Martin|Martin, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX79-GWZ] - 1886(Ireland)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 146, 1915; 1COCP 58, 1935 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Comment: several contemporaneous JMMs - Electoral Rolls: Ancestry 299 hits too be sifted

* [[/John Robert Martin|Martin, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWFG-HMM] - 1919(Qld)-2011(Qld) - Licences: 4MX Cunnamulla (1937-1939); 4MX Toowoomba (1946-1954); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1955-1960); 4MX Julia Creek (1965-1969); 4MX Finch Hatton (1975); 4MX Brisbane (Gaythorne, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1933, 1937, Qld; BOCP 147, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); business proprietor (radio service); Presbyterian minister - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949-1954); radio technician (Gaythorne, Qld, 1958; Kingaroy, Qld, 1963); missionary (Blackall, Qld, 1972; Gaythorne, Qld, 1972); minister of religion (Enoggera, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Martin|Martin, Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-PG7] - 1903(UK)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4KY Ipswich (1933-1939); 4KY Brisbane (Sandgate, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1110, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: carriage trimmer (Woodend, Qld, 1925-1937; Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Norman Rex Martin|Martin, Norman Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5G9-JV4] - 1915(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1936; Enfield, 1937-1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1581, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Enfield, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Enfield, NSW, 1943; Canterbury, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Bexley North, NSW, 1954-1968); managing director (Bexley North, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald William Martin|Martin, Ronald William &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRPZ-46T] - 1917(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AHI Casino (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1981, 1937, NSW; BOCP 403, 1941; COCP2 789, 1944; COCP1 795, 1944; TVOCP 455, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Casino, NSW, 1949-1968); technician (Casino, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Silas Martin|Martin, Silas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMT-6WS] - 1874(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIR Rockhampton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Perth, 1903-1906; East Perth, 1912-1914); mechanic (Rockhampton, 1917-1921); radio mechanic (Cooktown, 1925; Beam Wireless Station, Ballan, 1928-1943); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943)

* [[/T. S. Martin|Martin, T. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XBE Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter J. Martin|Martin, Walter J.]] - 1893(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: 1COCP 1, 1914, No. 1 in Aus and Vic, Marconi &amp; Telefunken - commercial operator; coastal station operator?

* [[/William Anthony Martin|Martin, William Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-KPZ] - 1911(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WM Hobart (West Hobart, 1929-1931); 7WM Gawler (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 497, 1929, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 70, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous William Anthony Martin's

===''MARTINSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Martinsen|Martinsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sevrin Joseph William Martinsen|Martinsen, Sevrin Joseph William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SD-KJG] - 1905(Norway)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2351, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wycheproof, Vic, 1942)

===''MASHMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mashman|Mashman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Wilfred Mashman|Mashman, Lionel Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6K-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2OB Receive Sydney (Bexley, 1923-1924); 2OB Sydney (Bexley, 1925-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 84, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''MASON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mason|Mason, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Gordon Mason|Mason, Jeffrey Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYWM-M3H] - 1912(Vic)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5VC Millicent (1947); 5VC Adelaide (Hectorville, 1954-1955; Pennington, 1956; Clarence Park, 1960; Holden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1275, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1942)

===''MASTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Masters|Masters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Harold Masters|Masters, Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPY] - 1875(Vic)-1951(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed); vice president WIA Launceston 1920s; later prominent architect - Relationships: brother of 7MM William Edward Masters - Electoral Rolls: architect (Launceston, 1928-1949)

* [[/Brian Jermyn Masters|Masters, Brian Jermyn &quot;Jermyn&quot;]] - 1891(Vic)-1950(NZ) - Licences: 3LM Receive Melbourne (Armadale, 1923); 3LM Melbourne (Armadale, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; operated his station both individually and on behalf WIA Malvern

* [[/Herbert Victor Masters|Masters, Herbert Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLLC-CV2] - 1883(NSW)-1918(France) - Licences: XHY Sydney (Stanmore, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AIF, Lieutenant, 1st Anzac Wireless Section, Killed accidentally, 1914-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1647200 AWM Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Edward Masters|Masters, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99GB-CPW] - 1873(Vic)-1952(Tas) - Licences: 7MM Hobart (Bellerive 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1066, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; solicitor - Relationships: brother of Alfred Harold &quot;Harold&quot; Masters - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Bellerive, 1914-1949) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27111852 Obituary]

===''MATCHETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kenneth Lyle Matchett|Matchett, John Kenneth Lyle &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS1L-SCZ] - 1921(Vic)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3TL Melbourne (Box Hill, 1960; Templestowe, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3700, 1958, Vic - amateur operator, WW2, member Old Timer's Club - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949); teacher (Bayswater, 1954); lecturer (Templestowe, 1963-1980) - curator of the WIA QSL card collection for many years; personally acquired a large collection of Australian amateur QSL cards which were donated to the WIA collection on his passing, many thousands of QSLs provided by Wolf Harranth of Dokufunk on an exchange basis
===''MATHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mather|Mather, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart Mather|Mather, Alexander Stewart &quot;Alex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHTL-WWC] - 1909(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JZ Singleton (1929-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 479, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 89, 1932; TVOCP 273, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cordial manufacturer (Singleton, 1930-1968)

* [[/Walter Douglas Mather|Mather, Walter Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGZ-B5R] - 1919(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3WD Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947); 3WD Melbourne (Gardiner, 1948); 3AWD Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1960-1969); 4YM Surfers Paradise (1975); 4YM Bribie Island (1980); 2AF? Melbourne (Beaumaris, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1654, 1936, Vic; BOCP 170, 1938; COCP1 892, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); merchant (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1968); investor (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1972-1977; Bribie Island, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matheson|Matheson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Raymond Matheson|Matheson, Charles Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZL-8KD] - 1915(NSW)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939); 3ATH Melbourne (North Essendon, 1947; Strathmore, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 438; COCP1 8, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1937); technician (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon North, Vic, 1949-1954); technical officer (Balgowlah, NSW, 1958); boat proprietor (Narooma, NSW, 1963); proprietor (Main Beach, Qld, 1968); retired (Miami, Qld, 1980)

===''MATHEWS''===

See also MATTHEWS

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathews|Mathews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Campion Mathews|Mathews, John Campion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-46V] - 1912(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3SY Geelong (Newtown, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+); 3JM Portable Geelong (Newtown, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 709, 1930, Vic; TVOCP 20, 1957; BOCP 261, 1988 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Newtown, 1934-1968); operator (Newtown, 1972-1980)

* [[/John Mathews|Mathews, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G82Z-KX2] - 1914(Qld)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4EE Rockhampton (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1414, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MATHIESON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mathieson|Mathieson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Hamilton Mathieson|Mathieson, Ian Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVR2-7RN] - 1911(Vic)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 3NR Melbourne (Werribee, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 313, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Werribee, Vic, 1937-1942); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949-1954; Oyster Bay, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Blackheath, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MATTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matters|Matters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Warburton Matters|Matters, Leonard Warburton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFJS-9QZ] - 1881(SA)-1951(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - journalist; Boer War; acted on behalf West Radio Broadcasting Co, an applicant for the Perth sealed set licence ultimately awarded to Westralian Farmers (6WF) - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Perth, WA, 1903-1906; Balkatta, WA, 1910; North Perth, WA, 1925) - TroveTag: &quot;Leonard Warburton Matters&quot; - Links: [[w:Leonard_Matters|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Wallace Lindsay Washington Matters|Matters, Wallace Lindsay Washington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBS-PB4] - 1906(Vic)-2004(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3WW Warrnambool (1934-1939); 3WW Melbourne (Footscray, 1947-1948; Box Hill North, 1954); 3MJ Melbourne (Box Hill North, 1956; Rosanna, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1374, 1934, Vic; COCP1 311, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (St Kilda, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Warrnambool, Vic, 1931); postal employee (Warrnambool, Vic, 1933-1937); postal clerk (Footscray, Vic, 1942); clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Heidelberg, Vic, 1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980)

===''MATTHEWS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Matthews|Matthews, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Leslie Matthews|Matthews, Alfred Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTX-LBR] - 1917(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3ZT Melbourne (East Malvern, 1947; Hughesdale, 1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2354, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1949); technician (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1954-1968); public servant (Box Hill North, Vic, 1972)

* [[/Fred Thomas Matthews|Matthews, Fred or Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-22K] - 1904(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4FK Brisbane (New Farm, 1923-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); business proprietor (Matthews Fire Alarm Co) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Merthyr, 1925-1958); engineer (New Farm, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Leigh Inglis Matthews|Matthews, John Leigh Inglis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKN-159] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJD Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Richmond, 1913-1919)

* [[/Kenneth Morgan Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPM-R2W] - 1911(SA)-2009(SA)98yo - Licences: 5GN Adelaide (Malvern, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1732, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Malvern, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/551921 VWMA]

* [[/Kenneth William Pitts Matthews|Matthews, Kenneth William Pitts]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT36-MP8] - 1925(Eng)-2006(ACT) - Licences: 2WE Sydney (Artarmon, 1939, 1950; Wahroonga, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2330, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Artarmon, NSW, 1949; Turramurra, NSW, 1949); printer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Royston Oliver Carr Matthews|Matthews, Royston Oliver Carr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQJ-VML] - 1889(SA)-1959(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 21, 1914 - wireless operator AWA at 1914 enlistment; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1st Light Horse Brigade Signal Troop, 1914-1917; 2nd Squadron AFC, Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mercantile manager (Netherby, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/300087 VWM]; [https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=191405 AIF Project]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/REL36707 brief bio]

* [[/Vincent John Matthews|Matthews, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFW4-NM1] - 1888(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 6AQ Perth (Bayswater, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Stott's College (Principal, early 1920s) - Electoral Rolls: business college master (West Gildford, WA, 1910); manager (Guildford, WA, 1912; Bayswater, WA, 1916-1925); business manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1925-1928); director (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1963)

* [[/Walter John Penrose Matthews|Matthews, Walter John Penrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5TS-HZN] - 1880(SA)-1964(SA) - Licences: 5BS Receive Murray Bridge (1922); Receive Murray Bridge (1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: lifter SA Railways (Tailem Bend, SA, 1939-1943)

===''MAUGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mauger|Mauger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Mauger|Mauger, Samuel &quot;Sam&quot;]] - 1857(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - state politician; senior federal politician (Postmaster-General 1908)

===''MAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maughan|Maughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Hamilton Maughan|Maughan, Frederick Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQ4-BJW] - 1903(WA)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3HH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1922); 3HH Melbourne (Malvern, 1923-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 14, 1924, Vic; AOLCP 82, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern East, 1925-1954)

===''MAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Mawson|Mawson, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3H-42N] - 1882(Eng)-1958(SA) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Head Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911-1914) - Electoral Rolls: [[w:Douglas Mawson|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mawson-sir-douglas-7531 ADB]
* [[/Ernest Richard Mawson|Mawson, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2W9T-NJN] - 1861(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2DH Sydney (Campsie, 1922-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Parramatta, 1903); no occupation (Dee Why, 1930-1933; Harbord, 1934-1936; Manly, 1937-1943)

===''MAXWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maxwell|Maxwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. S. Maxwell|Maxwell, H. S.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAEE Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ronald Alston Maxwell|Maxwell, Ronald Alston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZRL-TRZ] - 1908(NSW)-1950(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 656, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Randwick, 1933; Liverpool, 1934-1935; Croydon, 1936-1937); clerk (Caringbah, 1949)

===''MAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert May|May, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank May|May, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-CXP] - 1878(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6FM Dwellingup (1929-1931); 6FM Gnowangerup (1933); 6FM Esperance (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 139, 1915; AOCP 560, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: stationmaster (Gnowangerup, WA, 1931; Esperance, WA, 1936-1937; Armadale, WA; 1943; Collie, WA, 1949)

===''MAYNARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Maynard|Maynard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Stewart Maynard|Maynard, Frank Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGN4-3BJ] - 1911(NSW)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2JG Sydney (Croydon, 1931; Haberfield, 1933-1934; Croydon, 1935-1938; Ashfield, NSW, 1939); 9FM Popondetta (1969); 4RY Atherton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 150, 1930; COCP1 86, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1933-1934; South Perth, WA, 1937); retired (Atherton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MAYGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mayger|Mayger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Hubert Mayger|Mayger, Neil Hubert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F7-J2D] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1930); sales (Darlinghurst, 1937); salesman (East Sydney, 1937); Sales (Darlinghurst, 1943)

===''MAZURE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mazure|Mazure, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Thomas Mazure|Mazure, Frederick Thomas or Thomas Frederick &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-J2Y] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6MZ Jindong via Busselton (1939, 1948-1969); 6MZ Busselton (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2398, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: settler (Group 53 via Busselton, WA, 1931-1963); farmer (Jondong, WA, 1968); retired (Busselton, WA, 1972-1980)

===''MCATEER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph McAteer|McAteer, Brother Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKT-JWB] - 1881(NZ)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Receive Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1923); 5AQ Sacred Heart College Glenelg (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCAULEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McAuley|McAuley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Money McAuley|McAuley, William John Money &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRKH-Z5Y] - 1909(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1925-1931); 3BCM Melbourne (Brighton, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 221, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: jackaroo (Nyngan, NSW, 1930); grazier (Womboota, Vic, 1937-1943)

===''MCBRIDE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBride|McBride, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander James McBride|McBride, Alexander James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCXR-Z1G] - 1914(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4BR Brisbane (Wilston, 1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2320, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (radio repair) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Wilston, Qld, 1936-1980)

===''MCBURNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McBurney|McBurney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Hope McBurney|McBurney, Douglas Hope]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G66Y-BKV] - 1895(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: XHJ Sydney (Milsons Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Milsons Point, NSW, 1930-1958); chartered engineer (Milsons Point, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MCCABE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Bernard McCabe|McCabe, William Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ1C-FN2] - 1864(Irl)-1938(WA) - Licences: 7AQ Clarence Point (1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (St Kilda, Vic, 1912; Balaclava, 1913-1914; Elsternwick, 1915-1921; Caulfield, 1924); orchardist (Clarence Point, 1922-1928); civil engineer (Nedlands, WA, 1937)
===''MCCALMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCalman|McCalman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Colin McCalman|McCalman, Maxwell Colin &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-V77] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 142, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: musician (Canterbury, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942-1963)

===''MCCANDLISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCandlish|McCandlish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack McCandlish|McCandlish, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-TJC] - 1915(Eng)-1943(Ins) - Licences: 3HN Sea Lake (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1468, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, M Special Unit, Sergeant, Commando, 1943) - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Sea Lake, 1937-1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1685215 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/638249 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCCARTHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCarthy|McCarthy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard John McCarthy|McCarthy, Howard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1D6-NHR] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1847-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2312, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Keith McCarthy|McCarthy, John Keith &quot;Keith / Macca&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G528-9XX] - 1912(Vic)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 3FX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1932-1933); 2IM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1934); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1935); 3FX Melbourne (Hampton, 1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939; City, 1946-1947; Templestowe, 1954-1956); 9AR On board yacht Pandemonium (1969);  P29AR/MM On board yacht Pandemonium (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1036, 1932, Vic; COCP3 6578, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; state public servant (Vic Railways, telegraphist); military (RAAF, DFC, AFM, AE) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gardiner, Vic, 1928); no occupation (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); wireless mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1935); aircraftsman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937); airman (Edgecliff, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Templestowe, Vic, 1954; Broadbeach, Qld, 1963); retired (Currumbin Beach, Qld, 1968)

===''MCCARTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCartney|McCartney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm John Young McCartney|McCartney, Malcolm John Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ8W-RB1] - 1911(Vic)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1954; St Kilda, 1955-1965; Hampton, 1969-1975); 4KV Cairns (Holloway Beach, 1975; Manunda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2353, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: commercial artist (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1934; Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937); artist (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1954-1967; Hampton, Vic, 1968-1972); retired (Cairns, Qld, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MCCLELLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis George Trotter McClelland|McClelland, Francis George Trotter &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ3D-X9M] - 1883(Vic)-1917(Vic) - Licences: XMC Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (East Melbourne, Vic, 1912-1916)

===''MCCONNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McConnell|McConnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCONNELL

* [[/James Ross McConnell|McConnell, James Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ7-9FK] - 1895(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: XNU Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 303, 1917 - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Canterbury, Vic, 1919); traveller (Kew, Vic, 1922-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954-1963)

* [[/John Helge McConnell|McConnell, John Helge]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGD-VX3] - 1915(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3RV Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939; Ormond, 1947-1948); 3RV Eildon (1954); 3RV Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1645, 1936, Vic; BOCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1936-1937); mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1949); radio engineer (Eildon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCCORMACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCormack|McCormack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACCORMACK

* [[/William Henry Osborne McCormack|McCormack, William Henry Osborne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFZS-FFS] - 1878(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: XBH Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1913; Merewether, NSW, 1930-1937); retired (Toronto, NSW, 1943)

===''MCCRACKEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCracken|McCracken, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin Gordon McCracken|McCracken or McCrackan, Colin Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT8-2HB] - 1892(Tas)-1974(Vic) - Licences: XJAZ Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Armadale, Vic, 1914-1916); builder (Malvern, Vic, 1916-1931; Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954; Burwood, Vic, 1967-1968; Ashwood, Vic, 1972)

===''MCCREDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCredie|McCredie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric St Clair McCredie|McCredie, Eric St Clair]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBYJ-241] - 1903(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2EV Sydney (Burwood, 1932-1938; Arncliffe, 1939; Brighton-le-Sands, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 921, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of Roland Alexander McCredie - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); pharmaceutical chemist (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/Roland Alexander McCredie|McCredie, Roland Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKR9-4BL] - 1907(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Campsie, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2EV Eric St Clair McCredie - Electoral Rolls: law student (Burwood, NSW, 1930-1937); solicitor (Burwood, NSW, 1943-1963)

===''MCCUBBIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCubbin|McCubbin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce Lorimer McCubbin|McCubbin, Bruce Lorimer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYKR-99F] - 1916(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3SO Melbourne (Richmond, 1936-1939, 1947; Burwood, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1698, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, Aircraft Repair; Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Richmond, Vic, 1937-1942); labourer's assistant? (Box Hill South, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MCCULLAGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Austral McCullagh|McCullagh, Alexander Austral]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNN-V7Y] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Home Hill, 1923); 2RR Sydney (Balgowlah, 1965-1969); 9NI Norfolk Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 2977, 1959; AOLCP 754, 1959; AOCP 4229, 1964, Qld - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Sandgate, Qld, 1919); chemist (Inkerman Mill, Qld, 1922); engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930; Abbotsford, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1933; Burwood, NSW, 1934-1936); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Green Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MCCULLOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Robert McCulloch|McCulloch, George Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVG-SVW] - 1907(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3XM Receive Ballarat (1923-1924); 3GM Ballarat (1925-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 198, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1931-1968) - Trovetag: &quot;3XM-3GM - George Robert McCulloch&quot;

===''MCCUTCHEON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McCutcheon|McCutcheon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. A. McCutcheon|McCutcheon, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2OX Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCDERMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Westall McDermott|McDermott, James Westall &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-PY2] - 1913(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4JM Brisbane (1930) &amp; Nambour (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 711, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Relationships: brother of 4RM Robert Ernest McDermott; son of 4WP Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, Qld, 1936-1949); radio engineer (Nambour, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Robert Ernest McDermott|McDermott, Robert Ernest &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW8-QJ5]  - 1917(Qld)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 4RM Nambour (1938-1939); 4RM Brisbane (Ekibin, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2223, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Sunshine Coast ARC); military (WW2, AIF); business proprietor (radio/TV retail, Ekibin) - Relationships: brother of James Westall McDermott; son of Westall Samuel McDermott - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Nambour, 1943; Ekibin, 1949-1968); TV engineer (Tewantin, Qld, 1972-1980)
* [[/Westall Samuel McDermott|McDermott, Westall Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37P-2SQ] - 1889(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4WP Nambour (1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2087, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of James Westall McDermott &amp; Robert Ernest McDermott - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Hendon, Qld, 1916-1917; Sandgate, Qld, 1921; Glen Eagle, Qld, 1925-1928; Rosemount, Qld, 1934; Nambour, Qld, 1937-1958); retired (Nambour, Qld, 1963)

===''MCDONALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonald|McDonald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONALD

* [[/Arthur Hunter McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Hunter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRGC-3C4] - 1913(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFC Grafton (1937-1938); 2AFC Lismore (1939); 2AFC Sydney (Maroubra, 1947-1950; Padstow, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: vulcanizer (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1937); fitter (Maroubra, NSW, 1943); toolmaker (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Arthur Stephen McDonald|McDonald, Arthur Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G36J-ZLJ] - 1891(Vic)-1955(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 700, 1922 - broadcast engineer (PMGD, RANRS, AWA); professional society administrator (IEA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1913; St Kilda, Vic, 1916-1924; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, 1934-1936); engineer (Edgecliff, 1943; Double Bay, 1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdonald-arthur-stephen-7333 ADB]; [https://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P001299b.htm Bright Sparks]

* [[/Colin McDonald|McDonald, Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-SCG] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Rockhampton (1935-1938); 2AKK Moree (1939); 4CD Rockhampton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1440, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rockhampton, Qld, 1932-1958); accountant (Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/Donald McDonald|McDonald, Donald &quot;Don&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)?

* [[/Donald Munro McDonald|McDonald, Donald Munro]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RW-5DX] - 1883(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922); 3KS Melbourne (Yarraville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Yarraville, Vic, 1912-1913); labourer (Yarraville, Vic, 1914-1949); retired (Yarraville, Vic, 1954-1963) - Comment: Several contemporaneous DMMs

* [[/Dudley Carmichael McDonald|McDonald, Dudley Carmichael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1NF-KDY] - 1908(Vic)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 3DM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Armadale, 1954-1956; Ascot Vale, 1960); 4MY Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 886, 1932, Vic; COCP2 438, 1941; COCP1 514, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Malvern, Vic, 1931-1949); technician (Malvern West, Vic, 1954; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1963); retired (Palm Beach, Qld, 1968-1972)

* [[/G. A. McDonald|McDonald, G. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DN Receive Perth (West Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John McDonald|McDonald, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-WJR] - 1894(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 137, 1915; CPRT 190, 1916 (replacement?) - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JMcD - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified; Ancestry.com 1000s of hits to be sifted

* [[/Robert Rupert McDonald|McDonald, Robert Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18T-ND3] - 1917(Vic)-2011(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3MD Melbourne (Merlynstone, 1947-1975); 3MD Harcourt (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2285, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Mitchell, Vic, 1942); nil (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1968); retired (Coburg, Vic, 1972-1977; Harcourt, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Wilfred Neville McDonald|McDonald, Wilfred Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX67-DB1] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZT Sydney (Parramatta, 1935-1936); 4ZT Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1937; New Farm, 1938-1939; Annerley, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1412, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Granville, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (Ashgrove, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Annerley, Qld, 1949); electrical engineer (Tennyson, Qld, 1954-1963); manager (Burleigh Heads, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''MCDONELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonell|McDonell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MCDONNELL

* [[/Charles Joseph McDonell|McDonell, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5Q2-CYT] - 1893(NSW)-1917(Belgium) - Licences: XABS Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 17th Battalion, 1915-1917) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (3.5 years) at time of enlistment 1915; Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1650670 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCDONOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDonough|McDonough, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDONOUGH

* [[/Ernest Richard McDonough|McDonough, Ernest Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQX-NXY] - 1875(Wales)-1941(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920) - Electoral Rolls: Royal Navy (Newport, Vic, 1914-1915); Royal Australian Navy (Yarraville, Vic, 1917-1919); hotel proprietor (West Maitland, 1930-1935); retired (Wickham, 1937)

===''MCDOWALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowall|McDowall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWALL

* [[/Valentine McDowall|McDowall, Valentine &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M14R-SPG] - 1881(Qld)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4CN Receive Brisbane (1922); 4CM Brisbane (City, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radiographer; WW2 - 4CM operator primarily Thomas Murray Browse Elliott after about 1925 - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Laidley, 1906-1914; Clayfield, 1919; Ascot, 1934-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcdowall-valentine-7349 ADB]

===''MCDOWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McDowell|McDowell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACDOWELL

* [[/George McDowell|McDowell, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPWK-72Y] - 1907(Scotland)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GM Clarence River (1931); 2GM Richmond River (1933); 2GM Grafton (1933-1936); 2GM Sydney (Bankstown, 1937-1938); 2GM Inverell (1939); 2GM Sydney (Earlwood, 1946; Old Guildford, 1947-1955; Chester Hill, 1956-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 825, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: yardman (Brushgrove, NSW, 1930-1932); radio serviceman (Grafton, NSW, 1934-1935); enamel worker (Bankstown, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Old Guildford, NSW, 1949-1958)

* [[/John Edward Daniel McDowell|McDowell, John Edward Daniel or John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX86-J52] - 1914(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Ascot, 1937-1939); 4CX Gladstone (1947-1965); 4CX Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1873, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Ascot, Qld, 1937); chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1943-1949); industrial chemist (Gladstone, Qld, 1954-1963); chemistry instructor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1968-1977)

===''MCELREA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McElrea|McElrea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE ALSO MACELREA

* [[/William James McElrea|McElrea, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-M3C] - 1913(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UV Sydney (Daceyville, 1935-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1559, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Daceyville, NSW, 1937-1958)

===''MCELWEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Johnston McElwee|McElwee, George Johnston]] - 1879(Tas)-1981(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - involved with Launceston Radio Clubs searching for the roar

===''MCGARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lloyd Ignatius McGarry|McGarry, Lloyd Ignatius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GT-4PR] - 1919(NSW)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4XY Roma (1937-1939); 4XY Rockhampton (1947); 4XY Brisbane (Taringa, 1948; Coorparoo, 1954-1956); 2ALM Sydney (Lakemba, 1960-1965); 1AM Canberra (Macquarie, 1969-1975); 4ALL Brisbane (Kingston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1943, 1937, Qld; BOCP 139, 1937; 2COCP 607, 1942; 1COCP 1026, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4GR, 4ZR); military (RAAF, WW2, mobile wireless, post WW2 Naval Intelligence); federal public servant (PMGD); scientist (Ionospheric Prediction Service) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Deagon, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coorparoo, Qld, 1954-1958; Townsville, Qld, 1958)

===''MCGAURAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGauran|McGauran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Duncan James Macfarlane McGauran|McGauran, Duncan James Macfarlane]] - 1849(NZ)-1889(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria, member; Society of Telegraph Engineers, London, member); employment (Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs; WA Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendant Telegraphs; NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs), patents in Quadraplex Telegraphy, father of Duncan James McGauran (telegraphist, accountant, inventor of a telephone meter)

===''MCGEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Carney Mitchell McGee|McGee, Carney Mitchell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-9LF] - 1910(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 5LX Adelaide (Mile End, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 676, 1930, No. ?? in SA; 2COCP 52, 1936; 1COCP 210, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (North Unley, SA, 1939); assistant radio inspector (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); radio inspector (Kensington, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Como, 1980)
===''MCGEOCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Samuel McGeoch|McGeoch, William Leslie Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVNY-SDX] - 1912(WA)-2007(WA) - Licences: 6WL Brookton (1935-1939, 1947-1956); 6WL Bunbury (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1442, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Brookton, WA, 1936-1943); radio service (Brookton, WA, 1958); electrician (Carey Park, WA, 1968-1980)

===''MCGOWAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGowan|McGowan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Clarence Graham McGowan|McGowan, Robert Clarence Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYK3-KJF] - 1917(Vic)-2015(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3GO Sale (1936-1939, 1947-1948); 3GO Melbourne (Frankston, 1954-1956; Blackburn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1733, 1936, Vic; BOCP 138, 1937; TVOCP 178, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Sale, Vic, 1943-1949); radio technician (Frankston, Vic, 1954); technician (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1972); technical officer (Blackburn, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Samuel Walker McGowan|McGowan, Samuel Walker]] - 1829(Irl)-1887(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - Vic Posts and Telegraphs (Superintendent Telegraphs), successfully tendered for the first Australian electric telegraph 1854 (Melbourne to Williamstown) then appointed to the public service to operate and maintain it, radio clubs (Telegraph Electrical Society, Victoria)

* [[/William Eugene Charles McGowan|McGowan, William Eugene Charles]] - 1910(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2MQ Sydney (Haberfield, 1932-1934); 2ABF Sydney (Five Dock, 1936); 2MQ Sydney (Five Dock, 1937; Waverley, 1938; Bondi, 1939; Abbotsford, 1946; Concord West, 1947-1950; Rydalmere, 1954-1961; Epping, 1965; Turramurra, 1969; Wollstonecraft, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1031, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Haberfield, NSW, 1932-1935); traveller (Five Dock, 1937); foreman (Five Dock, 1943); supervisor (Concord West, NSW, 1949); assistant superintendant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1954-1958); factory superintendent (Epping, NSW, 1963); manager (Turramurra South, NSW, 1968); superintendent (Turramurra South, NSW, 1972); manager (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1977)

===''MCGRANE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrane|McGrane, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Milton Clarence McGrane|McGrane, John Milton Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-B72] - 1911(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1015, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Chatswood, NSW, 1935-1937; Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954-1977)

===''MCGRATH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Philip McGrath|McGrath, Edward Philip &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW87-9K5] - 1906(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5MO Adelaide (Parkside, 1933-1939; West Mitcham, 1947-1965; Aldgate, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1175, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Parkside, SA, 1939)
* [[/Francis Thomas McGrath|McGrath, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXM1-HRN] - 1891(Tas)-1937(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 87, 1915; 1COCP 45, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Moonah, Tas, 1919); wireless operator (Thursday Island, 1922); engineer (Eagle Junction, 1925); telegraphist (South Yarra, 1926-1927); supervisor (Caulfield, Vic, 1928-1934; Camberwell, Vic, 1936)

===''MCGREGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGregor|McGregor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Aenas McGregor|McGregor, Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WT] - 1865(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XJEA Melbourne (Armadale, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: Father of 3ZE Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Armadale, 1919; Toorak, 1928-1936)

* [[/John Ferguson McGregor|McGregor, John Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGD-8KP] - 1898(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2MY Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1937; Woollahra, 1938-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 938, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Signal Sqdrn Engineers, 1917-1919) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JFMs - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Glenmore, NSW, 1930-1931; Drummoyne, NSW, 1933; Five Dock, NSW, 1934-1935; Paddington, NSW, 1937); clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/Keith Wilfred Aeneas McGregor|McGregor, Keith Wilfred Aeneas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDV-2WQ] - 1903(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZE Melbourne (Armadale, 1923-1924; Toorak, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 52, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of XJEA Aeneas McGregor - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Toorak, 1925-1928)

* [[/Robert Ross McGregor|McGregor, Robert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCC-MQW] - 1917(NZ)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XZ Melbourne (Coburg, 1935-1937); 3XZ Warragul (1938-1939); 3XZ Mooroopna (1947-1948); 3XZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1954-1975; Frankston, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1937, Vic; BOCP 65, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mooroopna, Vic, 1949); technician (Mentone, Vic, 1954; Mordialloc, Vic, 1967); electronics (Frankston, Vic, 1977); engineer (Stawell, Vic, 1980)

===''MCGRIGOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Ross McGrigor|McGrigor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYCB-TMN] - 1911(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1498, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCGUIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuigan|McGuigan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allyn Joseph McGuigan|McGuigan, Allyn Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95X-QF6] - 1908(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2AEP Mudgee (1938-1939, 1946-1954); 2AEP Lismore (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 19, 1930; AOCP 2158, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Coffs Harbour Jetty, NSW, 1930); factory hand (Annandale South, NSW, 1931-1933); mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Annandale South, NSW, 1936; Mudgee, NSW, 1937-1954); radio technician (Lismore, NSW, 1958-1963); technician (Lismore, NSW, 1980)

===''MCGUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McGuire|McGuire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Patrick Holman McGuire|McGuire, Leo Patrick Holman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HK-B2T] - 1906(NSW)-2001(WA) - Licences: 3KM Myrtleford (1929-1937); 3KM Corryong (1938-1939); 6MG Manjimup (1947-1969); 6MG Perth (Thornlie (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 488, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Wangaratta, Vic, 1928); picture proprietor (Albury, NSW, 1931); postal employee (Myrtleford, Vic, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Mt Magnet, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1949); radio mechanic (Manjimup, WA, 1954-1972); retired (Thornlie, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MCHUGH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Charles McHugh|McHugh, William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-V5Z] - 1914(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6KA or 6KD Perth (Guildford, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1766, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Guildford, WA, 1936-1943); radio mechanic (Belmont, WA, 1949; North Perth, WA, 1954); mechanic (Cottesloe, WA, 1954; Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1972)

===''MCINTOSH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Edgar McIntosh|McIntosh, Raymond Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P8-MW7] - 1897(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFA Sydney (Pymble, 1913-1914); 2ZG Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1925); 2AFQ Sydney (CBD, 1948-1950; Rose Bay, 1954; Turramurra, 1955-1965) - Qualifications: CPRT 165, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken); COCP3 675, 1948 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Bulimba, Qld, 1928); sound engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Greenwich, NSW, 1943-1954); sound engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFA-2ZG-2AFQ - Raymond Edgar McIntosh&quot;
* [[/Stanley John James McIntosh|McIntosh, Stanley John James &quot;Stan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-C5P] - 1913(Qld)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4PK Ipswich (Woodend, 1931-1939); 4PK Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 730, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (workshop foreman); business proprietor (electrical engineering) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woodend, Qld, 1934-1937; Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1972)

===''MCINTYRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McIntyre|McIntyre, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel George McIntyre|McIntyre, Daniel George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTNG-PHV] - 1901(NZ?)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2VX Receive Sydney (Pymble, 1923); 2VX Sydney (Pymble, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Strathfield, 1930-1958); radio retailer (Pymble, 1963) - TroveTag: &quot;2VX - Daniel George McIntyre&quot;

* [[/Leslie Richard McIntyre|McIntyre, Leslie Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LN2V-BXN] - 1913(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3XF Melbourne (Altona, 1947; West Melbourne, 1948-1960; Clayton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2294, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1192, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Murtoa, Vic, 1936-1942); radio worker (Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''MCKAIL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Lancelot Martyn McKail|McKail, Henry Lancelot Martyn or Martin &quot;Hal&quot;]] - 1887(WA)-1944(WA) - Licences: 6BT Perth (City, 1923-1924); 6BU Perth (City, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Kalgan River, WA, 1910; West Perth, WA, 1916-1917); science master (Crawley, WA, 1925-1937)

===''MCKELLAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKellar|McKellar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rudolph Warren McKellar|McKellar, Rudolph Warren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWNZ-17F] - 1898(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: XJAT Melbourne (Toorak, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, enlisted, not called up for duty); WW2 (2AIF, Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1925); manager (Caulfield, Vic, 1926-1968)

===''MCKENNA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenna|McKenna, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Mathew McKenna|McKenna, Archibald Mathew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G554-45L] - 1917(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2WB Sydney (Five Dock, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; North Ryde, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1512, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphy operator (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Yamba, NSW, 1980)

===''MCKENZIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKenzie|McKenzie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander John McKenzie|McKenzie, Alexander John]] - 1905(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Bruce Alexander McKenzie|McKenzie, Bruce Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYH3-NBY] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3VF Melbourne (Preston, 1935-1939); 3VF Geelong (Drysdale, 1947-1948); 3VF Melbourne (Croydon, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1539, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943; Drysdale, Vic, 1949); radio mechanic (Croydon, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Cecil Roland McKenzie|McKenzie, Cecil Roland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRR8-L7Q] - 1899(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 2RJ Receive Sydney (Watson's Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; electrical fitter apprentice (Warburton Franki, 1915-1917); WW1 (Private, 2nd Bat AIF, 1917-1920; gassed France 1918, invalided); WW2 (Staff Skipper, RANVR, 1944)- draftsman (-1930-1958) - Relationships: husband of 2GA-2FV Florence Violet Granville - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958)

* McKenzie, Florence Violet  (married name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/Kenneth Adam McKenzie|McKenzie, Kenneth Adam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-Y26] - 1914(Vic)-2014(Vic)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1877, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1936-1943); engineer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1977; Box Hill North, Vic, 1980)

===''MCKEONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McKeone|McKeone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Charles McKeone|McKeone, James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6JC-Y1F] - 1900(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3CV Melbourne (Essendon, 1935-1939); 3JY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1554, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: boilermaker (Newmarket, Vic, 1921-1925; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1927-1936); railway employee (Essendon, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MCKEOWN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan McIllroy McKeown|McKeown, Allan McIllroy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69J-SFC] - 1904(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3YZ Melbourne (Alphington, 1924-1927); 3YZ Geelong (1931); 3YZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1933-1939, 1946-1969); 3YZ Ocean Grove (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 51, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 42, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1936-1954; Alphington, 1968); nil (Ocean Grove, 1972-1977)

===''MCKINLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Harold McKinley|McKinley, Norman Harold &quot;Shorty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWGP-TLC] - 1913(???)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 969, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Milton, Qld, 1949-1972); driver (Paddington, Qld, 1980)

===''MCLAUCHLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles David McLauchlan|McLauchlan, Charles David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYL6-PYY] - 1876(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 6BW Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923); 6BW Perth (Victoria Park, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Eucla, 1906; Perth, 1910-1916); telegraph engineer (Victoria Park, 1925); superintendent telegraphs (South Yarra, 1931; Camberwell, 1937-1943)

===''MCLAUGHLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLaughlin|McLaughlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* See also McLauchlan

* See also McLoughlin

* [[/William Reuben McLaughlin|McLaughlin, William Reuben]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRMF-Q14] - 1904(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1932-1937); 2ML Taree (1938); 2ML Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1939; Mosman, 1946-1950); 3AMY Melbourne (Caulfield, 1965; Ringwood East, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1061, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1936; Mosman, NSW, 1943); proprietor (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958); radio technician (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1963); technician (Ringwood East, Vic, 1968)

===''MCLEAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLean|McLean, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stewart Campbell McLean|McLean, Stewart Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86G-PMR] - 1910(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3GK Melbourne (Yarraville, 1930-1933; Brunswick, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; Caulfield, 1960); 3AIA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 601, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 65, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Yarraville, 1931-1936); nil (Elsternwick, 1954); engineer (Caulfield, 1958-1980)

===''MCLENNAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth McLennan|McLennan, Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9H-B4N] - 1892(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 124, 1915; 2COCP 185, 1930; 1COCP 238, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIG Port Moresby (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous KMcLs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MCLEOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McLeod|McLeod, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McLeod|McLeod, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMKJ-L25] - 1972(Vic)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4CF Receive Brisbane (Red Hill, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: confectioner (Red Hill, 1903-1905); pastrycook (Red Hill, 1908-1926; Mt Bruce, 1929-1943)

* [[/Gordon Stuart McLeod|McLeod, Gordon Stuart or Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-38Y] - 1912(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 3ZZ Geelong (West Geelong, 1930-1931; Newtown, 1933); 2RU Sydney (Kogarah, 1935; Enfield, 1936); 3ZZ Geelong (Crib Point, 1937; Wallington, 1938); 2ADC Sydney (Sans Souci, 1939; Hurstville, 1946-1947; Beverley Hills, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 707, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Crib Point, Vic, 1937); petty officer RAN (Hurstville, NSW, 1943); clerk (Beverly Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/Herbert Allan McLeod|McLeod, Herbert Allan &quot;Allan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLB-YFG] - 1915(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3XH Receive Melbourne (Malvern, 1923); 3YR Melbourne (Richmond, 1932-1933); 3AHM Melbourne (Richmond, 1947-1948; Aspendale, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 994, 1932, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Richmond, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Richmond, Vic, 1942-1949); technical officer (Carrum, Vic, 1954-1968; Aspendale, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman McLeod|McLeod, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G86P-8F2] - 1901(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3NM Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 602, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Caulfield, 1937-1968)

* [[/Norman James McLeod|McLeod, Norman James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPK7-SCW] - 1912(Vic)-1943(At Sea) - Licences: 2PM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1932-1933; Greenwich, 1935-1936; Artarmon, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 939, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 172, 1938; AIR1 4, 1939; COCP1 261, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Pilot Officer, 10 Sqdn, KIA) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1936); electrical fitter (Artarmon, NSW, 1937-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1716727 Roll of Honour]; [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=98021 RAF Commands]; [https://www.facebook.com/rafcommand/photos/this-well-worn-sunderland-iii-w4004z-coded-rb-z-of-no-10-squadron-raaf-has-just-/807939482876236/?locale=hi_IN&amp;paipv=0&amp;eav=Afb4brXKggt7tJAxg7ngyMVMHLg2UozgHsnnZvzuguk1v9yNpf8dTYamtXan_MOYRbo&amp;_rdr Photo of salvaged plane] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MCLOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/E. C. McLoughlin|McLoughlin, E. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5KJ Port Lincoln (1928-1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MCMAHON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMahon|McMahon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Hanney McMahon|McMahon, Leo Hanney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXD8-XQH] - 1914(Qld)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 4LM Brisbane (Toombul, 1933-1938); 2ALM Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1939); 2AC Sydney (Kingsford, 1946-1950; Randwick, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1104, 1933, Qld) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, AMC); occupation (doctor) - Electoral Rolls: student (Camperdown, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Kingsford, NSW, 1949; Randwick, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MCMANAMEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William McManamey|McManamey, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1ZX-29T] - 1895(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XIR Sydney (Milson's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1937); company executive (Killara, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Killara, NSW, 1968-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XIR - William McManamey&quot;

===''MCMASTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/D. C. McMaster|McMaster, D. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IZ Receive Cassilis (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: 
* [[/John McMaster|McMaster, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - commissioner, Royal Commission Wireless 1927 - Electoral Rolls:

===''MCMATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMath|McMath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Joseph McMath|McMath, John Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KG-ZK2] - 1910(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3JJ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1927-1939; South Melbourne, 1946-1960; Elwood, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 351, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); retired (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1968; Black Rock, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''MCMILLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMillan|McMillan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Chestnut McMillan|McMillan, Joseph Chestnut]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-8TG] - 1901(Sct)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 7BP Receive Hobart (City, 1923); 7BP Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1928)

===''MCMURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McMurray|McMurray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander McMurray|McMurray, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4W-BTZ] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AEV Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; North Rocks, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1820, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: section manager (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1958); assistant manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1958); manager (North Rocks, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Curng, NSW, 1980)

===''MCMURTRIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Adam McMurtrie|McMurtrie, Sydney Adam or Adam Sydney &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBQM-DQW] - 1908(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4JR Booval (1929-1933); 2AFX Lismore (1937-1939); 4KT Gympie (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 491, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Gympie, 1936); radio salesman (Lismore, 1937); telephone mechanic (Gympie, 1943-1980)
===''MCNAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNair|McNair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James McNair|McNair, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6K-TB3] - 1891(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: XPI Melbourne (Brunswick West, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Brunswick, Vic, 1914-1922; St Kilda, Vic, 1924; Brunswick West, Vic, 1927-1977)

===''MCNALLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNally|McNally, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Cornelius McNally|McNally, Roy Cornelius or Cornelius Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTF9-TLQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3CE Berriwillock (1931-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 775, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Berriwillock, Vic, 1928-1977)

===''MCNALTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNalty|McNalty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph McNalty|McNalty, Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXXW-67M] - 1901(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DZ Receive Toowoomba (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (East Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Mackay, Qld, 1930-1943); public servant (Fairfield, Qld, 1949); clerk (Toowong, Qld, 1954); telegraphist (St Lucia, Qld, 1958)

===''MCNAMARA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNamara|McNamara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sidney McNamara|McNamara, John Sidney or Sydney &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55R-7ZL] - 1915(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2EQ Sydney (Oatley, 1935-1937; Hornsby, 1938-1939; Randwick, 1946-1947; Oatley, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1483, 1935, NSW; BOCP 566, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1943); musician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Staunton McNamara|McNamara, Staunton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-VYS] - 1921(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5ZH Blackwood (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2174, 1938, SA; BOCP 268, 1939; TVOCP 232, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Reade Park, SA, 1943)

===''MCNICOL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNicol|McNicol, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Edgar McNicol|McNicol, Robert William Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8D-6NN] - 1917(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4WM Brisbane (Teneriffe, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1680, 1936, Qld; BOCP 57, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Teneriffe, Qld, 1943); university lecturer (Tarragindi, Qld, 1954-1972)

===''MCNIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert McNie|McNie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99V6-PW7] - 1899(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1795, 1936, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: government employee (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1924; Echuca, Vic, 1927); telegraphist (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); salesman (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936); telegraphist (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1954); postmaster (Glen Iris, Vic, 1963)

===''MCPHERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McPherson|McPherson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Colin John McPherson|McPherson, Colin John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H3-CBF] - 1914(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2VO West Maitland (1933-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1134, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Maitland, NSW, 1936-1954); projectionist (Maitland East, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Colin Thomas McPherson|McPherson, Colin Thomas or Thomas Collins]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-HST] - 1897(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3LU Melbourne (Footscray, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 523, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Field Artillery Brigade, 1915-1918) - Electoral Rolls: student (Footscray, 1919); storeman (Footscray, 1922-1942)

* [[/Ewen Cameron McPherson|McPherson or Macpherson, Ewen or Ewen Cameron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5MS-M88] - 1888(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XABO Grafton (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 169, 1915 (Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator (Navy, pre-WW1); WW1 (Army, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Troop, Sapper-Corporal-Sergeant, 1916-1918, Invalided) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Clarenza, NSW, 1913); radio telegraphist (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Murdoch John McPherson|McPherson, Murdoch or Murdock John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/27D9-9TB] - 1904(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4MC Merinda (1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 916, 1926; 2COCP 58, 1929; 1COCP 161, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Merinda, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1929); clerk (Mt Coolah, NSW, 1968)

===''MCTAGGART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McTaggart|McTaggart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Kenneth McTaggart|McTaggart, Frederick Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQT-DYW] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3NW Melbourne (Ormond, 1934-1939; Glen Iris, 1947-1948; South Camberwell, 1954-1956; Hawthorn East, 1960-1969); 3NW Woori Yallock (1975); 3NW Melbourne (Box Hill, 1980+); 3ANW Portable Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947; South Camberwell, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1285, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1954); scientist (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; St Kilda, Vic, 1972); retired (Box Hill, Vic, 1980)

===''MCVINISH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert McVinish|McVinish, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Robertson McVinish|McVinish, James Robertson or Robertson James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHNR-BDH] - 1921(Qld)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 4MV Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1939, 1947-1948; Camp Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2363, 1939, Qld; COCP2 1068, 1946; COCP1 1226, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); radio technician (Greenslopes, Qld, 1968-1972); technician (Sunnybank Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''MEAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mead|Mead, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Mead|Mead, Jack]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFM3-ZSH] - 1915(WA)-2009(WA) - Licences: 6LJ Perth (East Victoria Park, 1931-1939; Wembley, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 803, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 168, 1934; 1COCP 289, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Victoria Park, WA, 1937); mechanic (Wembley, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/Jordan Arthur Mead|Mead, Jordan Arthur or Arthur Jordan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTJF-1KH] - 1907(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1924); 2JA Sydney (Ashfield, 1925-1928); 2JA Byron Bay (1929-1930); 2AJA Sydney (Ashfield, 1946; Bexley, 1947-1957); 2JM Sydney (Bexley, 1958-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 212, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Byron Bay, NSW, 1930; Ashfield, NSW, 1931-1943); power technician (Bexley, NSW, 1949-1968); electrical field officer (Bexley, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William James Mead|Mead, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZK-L78] - 1915(SA)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 5JM Adelaide (Walkerville, 1947-1948; Ferryden Park, 1954); 4BM Brisbane (Gumdale, 1955-1956; Mitchelton, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2267, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Malvern, SA, 1943; Gumdale, Qld, 1958; Mitchelton, Qld, 1963-1968)

===''MEADOWS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Cecil Meadows|Meadows, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH2-ZRK] - 1907(Eng)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 4RM Mackay (1932-1939);  2ARM Sydney (Kirribilli, 1946-1948); 2IN Sydney (Rhodes, 1956-1958; Chiswick, 1960; Long Jetty, 1961; Killarney Vale, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 879, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF); employment (Pems Radio, Rockhampton); journalist (Minchens Electrical Weekly); WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: reporter (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Bundaberg, Qld, 1931-1932); radiotrician (Mackay, 1934-1937); wireless instructor (Kirribilli, NSW, 1943); manager (Rhodes, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Five Dock, NSW, 1958; Killarney Vale, NSW, 1963)

===''MEDHURST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medhurst|Medhurst, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Edney Medhurst|Medhurst, Edgar Edney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-WFC] - 1902(Tas)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Eric Charles Medhurst|Medhurst, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56R-5RC] - 1915(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2FG Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Canterbury, 1946-1947; Caringbah, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1350, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); charge hand (Yowie Bay, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Frederick William Medhurst|Medhurst, Frederick William &quot;Pop&quot; (in latter years)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M4GS-R6P] - 1868(Eng)-1969(Tas) 101yo - Licences: XZD Hobart (1913-1914); 7AH Receive Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1923); 7AH Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1924-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter from 1901; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; business (Medhurst &amp; Sons, 1920s) - Relationships: father of  Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst, all in the business and interested in radio

* [[/Harry Frederick Medhurst|Medhurst, Harry Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-QZV] - 1893(Tas)-1963(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Phillip Aubrey Medhurst|Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-DFX] - 1895(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - on the staff of Medhurst Electrical which firm dominated wireless in the 1920s - Relationships: son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Rowland Arthur Medhurst

* [[/Rowland Arthur Medhurst|Medhurst, Rowland Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHD6-ZT4] - 1892(Tas)-1969(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter, lecturing on wireless 1911, never licensed, likely utilised licence of XZD-7AH (father), son of XZD-7AH Frederick William Medhurst, brother of Edgar Edney Medhurst, Harry Frederick Medhurst, Phillip Aubrey Medhurst

===''MEDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medley|Medley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David John Medley|Medley, David John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-K4J] - 1919(Eng)-2010(USA)90yo - Licences: 3MJ Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939; Melbourne CBD, 1947; Carlton, 1948); 5AE Portable Darwin (1948); 3DL Melbourne (Melbourne CBD, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2116, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Melbourne University, Carlton, Vic, 1943); engineer (Civil Aviation, Darwin, NT, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954); teller? (Unanderra. NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MEDLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Medlin|Medlin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel James Clifford Medlin|Medlin, Noel James Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MB-743] - 1917(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast planning engineer (ABCB); federal public servant (ABCB); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gardiner, 1943; St Kilda, 1949; Camberwell, 1954-1977); retired (Inverloch, 1980) - Comment: father of AM directional antennas in Australia

===''MENON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey John Menon|Menon, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT4F-3CQ] - 1905(SA)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 3OG Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3OG Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1927); 2OG Sydney (Haberfield, 1928; Croydon, 1929-1931); 3OG Melbourne (East Kew, 1933); 2OG Sydney (Northbridge, 1934-1935; Chatswood, 1936-1937; Longueville, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Pymble, 1950; West Pennant Hills, 1954-1965; Arcadia, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 209, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda West, Vic, 1926-1927); radio engineer (Coburg, Vic, 1931); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1934); radio engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1937; Longueville, NSW, 1943); engineer (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1954-1958; Arcadia, NSW, 1968)

===''MERCHIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie George Merchin|Merchin, Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTLT-SSF] - 1917(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ML Richmond (1934-1939); 4MG Richmond (1948); 4MG Killarney (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1399, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Richmond, Qld, 1943-1949); motor mechanic (Killarney, Qld, 1954-1968; Rockhampton North, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MEREDITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement George Benger Meredith|Meredith, Clement George Benger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZJD-6S6] - 1885(WA)-1959(USA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 15, 1914 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Windsor, Vic, 1914-1916); officer-in-charge wireless (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917)
* [[/Llewellyn Lennon Meredith|Meredith, Llewellyn Lennon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD8W-LV7] - 1885(Eng)-1923(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 246, 1916 - ship wireless officer, AWA (traffic manager) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Gone too soon - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Publications/Radio_in_ANZ/Issues/1923_04_04#P.22_-_Obituary_-_Mr._L._L._Meredith|Obit]]
===''MESSENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Messenger|Messenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percival Albert Messenger|Messenger, Percival Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRP-BS1] - 1892(SA)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 5PM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 70, 1915 (Marconi); CPRT 152, 1915 (Balsillie) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: manager (Randwick, NSW, 1936; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''MEYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyer|Meyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Cecil Meyer|Meyer, Frederick Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G254-32B] - 1914(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AGY Sydney (Annandale, 1937-1938); 2AGY Newcastle (Waratah, 1939; Newcastle, 1946-1950; North Lambton, 1954; Newcastle, 1955-1961; Highfields, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1910, 1937, NSW; COCP2 150, 1938; COCP1 555, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 
constable (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Waratah, NSW, 1943); police constable (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; North Lambton, NSW, 1954); shopkeeper (Newcastle, NSW, 1958); business proprietor (Highfields, NSW, 1963); cleaner (Newcastle, NSW, 1968); hospital employee (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MEYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Meyers|Meyers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Samuel Meyers|Meyers, Leo Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56H-485] - 1915(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2KS Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946; Yagoona, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1397, 1934, NSW; AOCP1 7, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Navy, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1943); electrical mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1949-1968); mechanic (Yangoona, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Morris Henry Meyers|Meyers, Morris Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93NK-C56] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2VN Sydney (Mosman, 1935-1939, 1946-1948; Killara, 1950-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1477, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: OBE - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mosman, NSW, 1943); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1529423 AWM]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1681488 VWM]

===''MIATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arthur Miatt|Miatt, Thomas Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCJB-QNV] - 1890(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAR Sydney (Botany, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''MICHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Michell|Michell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hector Ernest Henderson Michell|Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQNQ-T5H] - 1897(Vic)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 3JP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3JP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1931; Elsternwick, 1933); 3JP Hamilton (1937-1939); 3AEM Hamilton (1960-1969); 3JX Hamilton (1975-1980+); operator of 3LR Elsternwick Radio Club (1925) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 162, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Army Veterinary Corps, Anzac Mounted Division, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Balaclava, 1919-1921); draftsman (Caulfield, 1922); land officer (Hamilton, 1936-1980)

===''MIDDLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Middleton|Middleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Middleton|Middleton, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRSF-1MV] - 1901(Sct)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2SU Sydney (Cremorne, 1935-1939); 2RE Sydney (CBD, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bondi, NSW, 1930); radio mechanic (Nithsdale, NSW, 1930-1931); radio engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937; Mosman, NSW, 1943); technician (Beresfield, NSW, 1954)

===''MIKKELSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mikkelsen|Mikkelsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Clein Mikkelsen|Middleton, Gordon Clein]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB47-NHW] - 1916(Vic)-2008(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3XV Melbourne (Coburg, Vic, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1917, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: spring maker (Coburg, Vic, 1942); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); engineer (Doncaster East, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''MILBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Leslie Milburn|Milburn, Henry Leslie &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-8VJ] - 1890(Vic)-1957(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Home Hill (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Toowong, 1919); electrical engineer (Home Hill, 1922-1925; Stanthorpe, 1934-1949) - Halcyon: not mentioned?

===''MILES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gilbert Thomas Miles|Miles, Gilbert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-X19] - 1904(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3II Receive Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1922); 3II Melbourne (East Camberwell, 1924-1925); 3KQ Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1937); 7KQ Hobart (Bellerive, 1937-1939); 2KI Sydney (Croydon, 1946-1969; Campsie, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1019, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 106, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1931); engineer (Elsternwick, 1936); radio engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1972); engineer (Croydon, 1977-1980)
* [[/Harry Raymond Miles|Miles, Harry Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NJ-DQ2] - 1911(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1933); 6XL Wiluna (1937); 6XL Perth (Mt Lawley, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 645, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wiluna Gold Mines, WA, 1936; Mt Beauty, Vic, 1954); poultry farmer (Balga, WA, 1958-1972); farmer (Wanneroo, WA, 1977-1980)

===''MILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Eric Mill|Mill, William Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9779-JP8] - 1896(SA)-1980(WA) - Licences: XYAG Burbanks (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1919; Balkatta, WA, 1921-1922; North Perth, WA, 1925); electrical engineer (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; Maylands, WA, 1949-1968; Inglewood, WA, 1972-1980)
===''MILLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roydon Arthur Milledge|Milledge, Roydon Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMJY-3DW] - 1903(Vic)-1983(Tas) - Licences: 3WT Shepparton (1936-1937); 7WT Hobart (1938-1939); 7WT Ulverstone (1947-1948+); 7WT Hobart (1956-1960+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1693, 1936, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; bank clerk 1931; Civil Engineer 1950s - Electoral Rolls: assistant engineer (State Savings Bank, Auburn, 1927); engineer (Glenhuntley, 1931-1934); civil engineer (Shepparton, 1936)

===''MILLEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millen|Millen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice see Joyce Alice Ward

* [[/John Dunlop Millen|Millen, John Dunlop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC9X-S4W] - 1877(Irl)-1941(Tas) - Licences: Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; senator - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Waratah, 1914-1919; Newstead, 1922-1937)

* [[/Dudley Robert Millen|Millen, Dudley Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y9-9Z3] - 1908(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3EA Receive Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922); 2DU Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1932-1936); 2LQ Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1051, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Withdrawal: 2DU amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2DU Dubbo commercial service - Relationships: Husband of 2MI Joyce Alice Millen nee - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1968); mechanic (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1972)

===''MILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Miller|Miller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Howard Miller|Miller, Adrian Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-18L] - 1916(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Melbourne (Canterbury, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Glen Waverley, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2069, 1938, Vic; BOCP 428, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943); accountant (Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Croydon, Vic, 1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Arthur Albert Case Miller|Miller, Arthur Albert Case]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNFH-2N1] - 1895(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: XLP Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (AIF, AMTS) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1921); motor engineer (Manly, NSW, 1930-1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Gunnedah, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Charles Alexander Miller|Miller, Charles Alexander &quot;Charlie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NV-YRR] - 1915(NSW)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4US Brisbane (New Farm, 1933-1936); 2ADE Casino (1935-1939, 1946-1961); 4QM Caloundra (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1208, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ); part of the &quot;U&quot; gang; military (WW2, RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Casino, 1943-1963); army officer (Ipswich, 1963); retired (Shelley Beach, 1968-1972; Caloundra, 1977-1980)

* [[/Charles Harcourt Miller|Miller, Charles Harcourt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MC-9QY] - 1921(Tas)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7CM Hobart (Bellerive, 1936-1939; Taroona, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1799, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Bellerive, 1943)

* [[/Francis George Miller|Miller, Francis George &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-LHT] - 1895(SA)-1954(SA) - Licences: 5BF Mt Gambier (1923-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 185, 1925, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 58, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; founder of commercial station 5MU Murray Bridge; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Murray Bridge, 1939-1943) [https://www.qsl.net/vk5br/FrankMiller.pdf Biography]

* [[/Frank Colin Miller|Miller, Frank Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9C-86L] - 1884(Eng)-1953(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 126, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engine operator (Radio Station, Roebourne, 1916-1917); station hand (Marron Station, 1918; Carnarvon, 1921; Mallina, 1922-1925); contractor (Roebourne, 1930-1936; Karratha Station, 1937); labourer (Roebourne, 1943); cook (Wittenoom Gorge, 1949)

* [[/H. Miller|Miller, H.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4EH Brisbane (Ascot, 1923-1924); 2EH Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Herbert Edward Miller|Miller, Herbert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-XMX] - 1899(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HE Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 932, 1926; 2COCP 329, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Campsie, 1930; Belmore, 1932-1943); miner (Glen Davis, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leslie Miller|Miller, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2Q-7LH] - 1897(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4CA Receive Brisbane (West End, 1922); 4HL Brisbane (Hill End, 1927) - Qualifications: CPRT 330, 1917; 2COCP 329, 1940; 1COCP 483, 1940s; BOCP 370, 1941 - ship wireless officer (RMS Bingera, 1920); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (J. B. Chandler, 1924; Overells, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (West End, 1921); salesman (West End, 1925); manager (Coorparoo, 1928); salesman (Coorparoo, 1937-1954); clerk (Camp Hill, 1958-1963)

* [[/Ivan Vinal Miller|Miller, Ivan Vinal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57T-58R] - 1911(NSW)-1972(Aus) - Licences: 2EG Quirindi (1933); 3EG Tallangatta (1937-1939); 3EG Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; Murrumbeena, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1168, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Quirindi, NSW, 1933; Marrickville, NSW, 1933; Tallangatta, Vic, 1934-1942; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Oakleigh, Vic, 1954)

===''MILLERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Millerd|Millerd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gerald Frederick Millerd|Millerd, Gerald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-66L] - 1915(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3XT Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1936-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1630, 1936, Vic; BOCP 1295, 1953; TVOCP 26, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MILLIGAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Stanley Hugh Milligan|Milligan, Stanley Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2CB1-L7Y] - 1901(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3AU Receive Geelong (1922-1923); 3AU Geelong (1924); 3AU Eaglehawk (1924-1926); 3AU Chilwell (1927-1931); 3AU Geelong (1937-1939); 3AU Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1947; Auburn, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 125, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 164, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Eaglehawk, 1924-1926; Geelong West, 1924); radio mechanic (Chilwell, 1927-1931); watchman (Geelong West, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Hawthorn, 1949); engineer (Canterbury, 1954-1968); nil (Doncaster, 1972)
===''MILLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mills|Mills, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Griffiths John Mills|Mills, Griffiths John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CK Receive Perth (Subiaco, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Subiaco, WA, 1929-1931)

* [[/Leopold Benjamin Bertram Mills|Mills, Leopold Benjamin Bertram or Benjamin Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRY8-4NL] - 1923(NSW)-2016(NSW)93yo - Licences: 2AJN Sydney (Port Hacking, 1938-1939); 2AJE Sydney (Point Piper, 1948; Strathfield, 1950; Caringbah, 1954-1961; Cronulla, 1965-1968; Dover Heights, 1975; Cronulla, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2108, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: law clerk (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1958); solicitor (Cronulla, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Norman Gibson Mills|Mills, Norman Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9415-SSS] - 1890(Vic)-1959(Qld) - Licences: 4NM Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Margate, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Toowong, Qld, 1919); contractor (Moorooka, Qld, 1921-1954); retired (Margate, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Ralph Mervyn Mills|Mills, Ralph Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JD-GST] - 1909(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MM Sydney (Balmain, 1930-1934; Canterbury, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 660, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Balmain, NSW, 1931-1937); engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1949-1977; West Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William John Mills|Mills, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB37-DBR] - 1911(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QB Maffra (1937); 3QB Moe (1938-1939); 3QB Newport (1947); 3QB Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1948-1969; Mentone, 1975; Carrum, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1846, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Maffra, Vic, 1936-1937; Army?, wife at Kyabram, Vic, 1942); bank officer (Mentone, Vic, 1949-1954; Mordialloc East, Vic, 1963-1968); manager (Mentone, Vic, 1977); retired (Carrum, Vic, 1980)

===''MILNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Brough Milne|Milne, Andrew Brough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9KXN-QZV] - 1890(South Africa)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Dealer Mackay (1926-1927) - Qualifications: 3COCP 3492, 1961 - dealer licence - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Mackay, 1915-1943); mechanical engineer (North Mackay, 1949-1977)
* [[/John Collicott Milne|Milne, John Collicott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP34-518] - 1903(Tas)-1990(Tas) - Licences: 7AG Gretna (1923-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 604, 1930, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Gretna, 1928-1980)
===''MILNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milner|Milner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Milner|Milner, George Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF7W-W4D] - 1908(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6GF Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 788, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, WA, 1931; North Beach, WA, 1936-1937); RAAF (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1980)

* [[/James Milner|Milner, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXH-1DM] - 1901(Eng)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 4AK Brisbane (Kelvin Grove, 1923-1927; Ashgrove, 1931-1936); 4AU Brisbane (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 93, 1925, No. 11 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster (prominent from Valley Theatre) - Withdrawal: 4AK amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 4AK Oakey commercial service - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kelvin Grove, 1925-1926); electrical fitter (Ashgrove, 1928-1943)

===''MILTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Milton|Milton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Willis Milton|Milton, Harry Willis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DSK-S68] - 1904(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2NM Mudgee (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1185, 1933, NSW; BOCP 244, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop keeper (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); electrician (Mudgee, NSW, 1935-1936); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Gulgong, NSW, 1949-1954); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958); retired (Mudgee, NSW, 1963-1968; Budgewoi, NSW, 1972)

===''MINCHIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Minchin|Minchin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur W. Minchin|Minchin, Arthur W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (4RO Cmcl); wireless retail business proprietor - seems in error, see William Allan Minchin 

* [[/William Allan Minchin|Minchin, William Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV7Q-86C] - 1893(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 220, 1916; 2COCP 365, 1931; 1COCP 244, 1932 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer operator (Wyndham, 1917); farmer (Toodyay, 1925); radio engineer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943; Lismore, 1949-1954; Hunters Hill, 1958-1968); engineer (Hunters Hill, 1972)

===''MINEHAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Minehan|Minehan, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AM Rockhampton (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''MINGAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mingay|Mingay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oswald Francis Mingay|Mingay, Oswald Francis &quot;Ossie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K45G-NZG] - 1895(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2XX Sydney (Turramurra, 1923-1926; Sydney, 1931-1933) -  Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; journalist; publisher; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Collaroy, 1930); managing editor (Pymble, 1930-1932); radio engineer (Lindfield, 1933-1934); publisher (Lindfield, 1937-1963; St Ives, 1963-1968) - Comment: licensed operator of 2WV Burgin Electric Co. (1923) - TroveTag: &quot;2XX - Oswald Francis Mingay&quot; - Links: [[w:Oswald Francis Mingay|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mingay-oswald-francis-ossie-11135 ADB]; [https://www.qsl.net/vk2dym/radio/Mingay.htm MacKinnon]

===''MINTO''===

* [[/Jack Carrick Minto|Minto, Jack or John Carrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW3-21W] - 1909(Thailand)-1986(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1594, 1935, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); manager (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MITCHELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Theodore Mitchell|Mitchell, Alexander Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNY-CC2] - 1872(???)-1966(Qld) - Licences: Receive Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Red Hill, Qld, 1921; Torwood, Qld, 1922); electrical engineer (Toowoomba, Qld, 1925; Wilston, Qld, 1928-1929; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1963)

* [[/Dudley McRae Mitchell|Mitchell, Dudley McRae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFDX-6HD] - 1911(NSW)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 9DM Watut River, New Guinea (1938); 4NYN Labrador (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q559, 1979 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Tahmor, NSW, 1949); engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1949); clerk (Darra, Qld, 1963; Margate, Qld, 1963); plant operator (Labrador, Qld, 1968-1977)

* [[/Harold Benson Mitchell|Mitchell, Harold Benson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-QN7] - 1901(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 3CZ Receive Melbourne (Elwood, 1922-1923); 3CZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Elwood, 1924-1927); manager (Caulfield, 1937); manufacturer (Caulfield, 1942); manager (Caulfield, 1949); merchant (St Kilda, 1949); manager (St Kilda, 1954)

* Mitchell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; - see Michell, Hector Ernest Henderson &quot;Ernest&quot; (frequent misspelling)

* [[/John Athol James Mitchell|Mitchell, John Athol James &quot;Athol&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTHV-CY2] - 1913(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Rose Bay, 1923); 2JA Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2JA Sydney (Strathfield, 1938); 2JA Albury (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1248, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio serviceman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937); manager (Albury, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Robert Stanley Mitchell|Mitchell, Robert Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99W8-5H2] - 1917(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2ID Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AID Wagga Wagga (1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2011, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Ronald James Mitchell|Mitchell, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV9-D28] - 1918(NSW)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 2AGJ Sydney (Roseville, 1937-1939; Lindfield, 1946-1950); 4GQ Woombye (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1902, 1937, NSW; BOCP 238, 1939; COCP3 3562, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: broadcaster (Camaray, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); farmer (Woombye, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Stanley John Mitchell|Mitchell, Stanley John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDVS-Q83] - 1887(Vic)-1974(Monaco) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Brighton, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 53, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Toorak, 1912-1916; Brighton, 1919-1928); investor (Brighton, 1936-1937) financier (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

* [[/William Thomas Seabrook Mitchell|Mitchell, William Thomas Seabrook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT9J-XT7] - 1916(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3UM Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2046, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Malvern East, Vic, 1937); soldier (Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1954; Malvern East, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''MOFFATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moffatt|Moffatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert David Gray Moffatt|Moffatt or Moffat or Gray, Robert David Gray &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8V-PM3] - 1911(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4RD Mackay (1935-1939); 4RD Gracemere (1947-1948); 4RD Mackay (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1549, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Herberton, Qld, 1936; Mackay, Qld, 1937); mechanic in broadcasting (Gracemere, Qld, 1949); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1954-1980)

===''MOGINIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moginie|Moginie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Kuhler Moginie|Moginie, Campbell Kuhler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K7-NN4] - 1903(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (McMahons Point, 1923); 2CN Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934-1936; North Brighton, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1257, 1934, NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Homebush, NSW, 1930; Lane Cove, NSW, 1932); audit clerk  (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1933); clerk (Brighton-le-sands, NSW, 1935-1936; North Brighton, NSW, 1937); auditor (Bexley North, NSW, 1943; Rockdale, NSW, 1949); accountant (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''MONCUR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Phillip Moncur|Moncur, Leonard Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZL-M8N] - 1912(Vic)-1997(???) - Licences: 3LN Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 810, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: sales (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934-1977)

===''MONEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Dudley Money|Money, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3JD-M9H] - 1907(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3MY Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1939; Upwey, 1946-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 205, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (Camberwell, 1931-1934); engineer (Upwey, 1942-1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1967; East Bentleigh, 1972-1980)

===''MONKHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Isaac Monkhouse|Monkhouse, Walter Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8ZT-YPN] - 1887(NZL)-1964(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - radio clubs (QWI &amp; WIA Qld, president &amp; lecturer); senior state public servant (Qld Public Works Dept, State Electrical Engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as president WIA Qld)  - Electoral Rolls: telephone instructor (South Brisbane, 1919); engineer (Teneriffe, 1925; New Farm, 1928; Taringa, 1936-1954); electrical engineer (Bardon, 1958-1963)
===''MONKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Brendan Monks|Monks, Alfred Brendan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-444] - 1894(Tas)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AAB Melbourne (Diamond Creek, 1948; Northcote, 1954-1960; Preston, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 571, 1920; 2COCP 272, 1930; 1COCP 282, 1932 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1915) - Relationships: twin brother of 7BR Cyril Wilson Monks - Electoral Rolls: Western Electric engineer (East Sydney, 1930); licensee Railway Commercial Hotel (Albury, 1931-1932); radio telegraphist (Centennial Park, 1943); radio officer (Reservoir, Vic, 1963; Preston, 1967-1972)
* [[/Cyril Wilson Monks|Monks, Cyril Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-96N] - 1894(Tas)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 7BR Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 225, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; military (naval wireless service, telegraphist, 1911-1919); WW2 - Relationships: twin brother of 3AAB Alfred Brendan Monks - Electoral Rolls: federal civil servant (Battery Point, 1928); public servant (Bellerive, 1936-1937); radio inspector (Scarborough, WA, 1943; Nedlands, 1949); retired (Frankston, 1972)
===''MONTEATH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monteath|Monteath, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Monteath|Monteath, Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VL-C1X] - 1895(Vic)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 3VM Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1923-1924); 3KP Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 694, 1930, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Prahran, Vic, 1919; Elsternwick, Vic, 1921); mercer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); photographer (Glenmore, NSW, 1934-1935; Ashfield, NSW, 1937); storekeeper (Rockdale, NSW, 1943)

===''MONTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Monty|Monty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Hector Urban Monty|Monty, Raymond Hector Urban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53F-BK9] - 1894(Italy)-1987(NSW) - Licences: XACC Sydney (Surry Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1st Signals Troop, 1914-1919, served Gallipoli); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1933; Lane Cove, NSW, 1934-1980)

===''MOODY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Percy Moody|Moody, Francis Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1D9-KLG] - 1903(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FM Cairns (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 967, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Rockhampton North, 1925-1926); accountant (Cairns, 1926-1949); radio dealer (Cairns, 1954-1980)
* [[/Gilbert Charles Moody|Moody, Gilbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF81-8QD] - 1914(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Spotswood, 1934-1939, 1947-1969); 4AK Brisbane (Paddington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1306, 1934, Vic; BOCP, 1554, 1957; TVOCP 111, 1958 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: nil (Middle Park, Vic, 1936; Newport, Vic, 1937-1949); engineer (Newport, Vic, 1963-1968); broadcast officer (Paddington, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''MOORE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moore|Moore, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Ernest Moore|Moore, Albert Ernest &quot;Ernie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KW6D-TMT] - 1916(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4VCM Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; NAOCP Q728, 1980, Qld - amateur operator; prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer; clubs (All-Wave All-World DX Club; Shortwave League of Western Australia; Australian Radio DX Club; New Zealand Radio DX League; Southern Cross DX Club; DX Australia) - QSLs: portion (200+) of later QSL collection survives (ARDXC/NFSA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (New Farm, Qld, 1937-1968); trades assistant (New Farm, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Bruce Belgium Moore|Moore, Bruce Belgium or Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR67-J9T] - 1916(NSW)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 2ACN Bathurst (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1744, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Warrant Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous BMs - Electoral Rolls: apprentice fitter (Bathurst, NSW, 1937) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1167098 VWM]

* [[/Edward Alfred Moore|Moore, Edward Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-7ZF] - 1905(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2QH Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950); 2ABG Sydney (Arncliffe, 1935-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1523, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: poultry expert (Arncliffe, NSW, 1931-1933); radio technician (Arncliffe, NSW, 1934-1958) 

* [[/Eric Boughton Moore|Moore, Eric Boughton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSK-T7X] - 1912(Vic)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 3QN Panton Hill (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1957, 1937, Vic; COCP2 318, 1940; COCP1 342, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: aeradio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); officer in charge (DCA, Alstonville, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Dubbo, NSW, 1958-1968); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1972); retired (Coffs Harbour, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Eric John Theodore Moore|Moore, Eric John Theodore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD91-7LN] - 1894(NSW)-1940(NSW) - Licences: XEM Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923); 2EM Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1924-1928) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 161, 1915; 2COCP 237, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: UK merchant seaman medal - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bronte, 1934-1937)

* [[/Francis Leonard Moore|Moore, Francis Leonard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - 19??(???)-1924(NSW) - Licences: 2?? Sydney - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Archibald John Shaw, Maritime Wireless Co, United Distributors) - Comment: electrocuted while conducting wireless experiments

* [[/Grattan Leslie Moore|Moore, Grattan Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZK-V1J] - 1916(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3ALJ Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1935, 1954-1955; Malvern, 1956-1960; Camberwell, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1453, 1935, Vic; COCP1 934, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); engineer (Highfield Park, Vic, 1963-1968; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1972; Caulfield North, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Louis James Murphy Moore|Moore, Louis James Murphy &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L45W-GS4] - 1888(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3LO Receive Seymour (1923); 3LO Seymour (1924-1925); 3MS Seymour (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 85, 1915 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIB Brisbane (1917-1918); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Clifton Hill, 1909); telegraphist (Collingwood, 1912-1914); wireless operator (Collingwood, 1917-1919); telegraphist (Elsternwick, 1922); clerk (Seymour, 1924-1931; Bentleigh, 1936-1949); guesthouse proprietor (Healesville, 1954); clerk (Oakleigh, 1963-1968) - Withdrawal: Likely 3LO callsign withdrawn for allocation to 3LO Melbourne Class A

* [[/Maxwell John Moore|Moore, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GK-S7J] - 1916(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2II Dubbo (1935-1939, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1507, 1935, NSW; BOCP 63, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dubbo, NSW, 1937-1954)

* [[/Milton Powell Moore|Moore, Milton Powell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTML-KJG] - 1915(WA)-2012(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2LI Sydney (Clovelly, 1938, 1947-1950); 2LI Darkes Forest (1954); 2LI Sydney (Randwick, 1955-1961; La Perouse, 1965; Randwick, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2138, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Subiaco, WA, 1937); traveller (Randwick, NSW, 1949); ??? (Darkes Forest, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Randwick, NSW, 1958); teacher (La Perouse, NSW, 1963); technical teacher (Randwick, NSW, 1968); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/William McInnes Moore|Moore, William McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4K-WXR] - 1911(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2HZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1931-1935; Cremorne, 1936; Lindfield, 1937-1939); 2HZ Woollongong (1946); 2HZ Springwood (1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 792, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foundry inspector (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1936); Water Board Inspector (Gordon, NSW, 1937); engineer (Springwood, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Sibbald Moore|Moore, William Sibbald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDC-89C] - 1915(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6BA Perth (Subiaco, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1818, 1936, WA; COCP2 236, 1939; COCP1 431, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (West Perth, WA, 1936-1937); draughtsman (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MOORHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Martin Moorhouse|Moorhouse or Moorehouse, Herbert Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJPG-1HL] - 1899(Tas)-1990(WA) - Licences: 7HM Hobart (North Hobart, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart South, 1922); carpenter (New Town, 1928); carrier (Hobart North, 1936); motordriver (Queensborough, 1949)

===''MORAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moran|Moran, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Donald Moran|Moran, Cyril Donald]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - broadcast technician at 4QG under Qld Government; state public servant (4QG)

===''MORGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morgan|Morgan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Mowbray Morgan|Morgan, Donald Mowbray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDP7-218] - 1907(NSW)-1988(Tas) - Licences: T749 Receive Glebe (1922); Receive Glebe (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Huonville, 1928-1972)

* [[/Ivor Morgan|Morgan, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRSY-S8G] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3DH Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1933; Shepparton, 1937; East Malvern 1938-1939; Hawthorn, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 605, 1930, Vic; BOCP 20, 1936; TVOCP, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1934); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1936); broadcast engineer (3SR Shepparton, Vic, 1937); technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1943-1977) - Relationships: Father of 3ZFM Vincent Ivor Morgan

* [[/Reginald George Morgan|Morgan, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRFR-D7H] - 1914(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6RM Perth (City, 1931); 2AJS Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939); 2ABM Sydney (Coogee, 1946-1950; Bankstown, 1954-1958; Greenacre, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 755, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Coogee, NSW, 1936-1937); no occupation (Coogee, NSW, 1949);  electrical mechanic (Bankstown East, NSW, 1954); mechanic (Greenacre, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/William Albert Morgan|Morgan, William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HVG-8PW] - 1899(Tas)-1965(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart West, 1922); electrical fitter (New Town, 1928-1937); fitter (New Town, 1943-1954); manager (Montrose, 1963)

===''MORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morley|Morley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry Morley|Morley Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPXD-Z7X] - 1902(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2WU Receive Watersleigh (1923); 2WU Watersleigh (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: aircraft fitter (Coogee, NSW, 1930); aviation engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1936); aircraft engineer (Coogee, NSW, 1949); company director (Randwick, NSW, 1954-1963); director (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''MORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris|Morris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John William Morris|Morris, Albert John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V2B-Y2J] - 1873(Tas)-1940(Tas) - Licences: 7BS Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Hobart North, 1914-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Morris|Morris, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L84C-KPV] - 1876(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: XJDS Sale (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Several contemporaneous AHMs - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1903); instrument fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1905-1909); mechanic (Sale, Vic, 1912-1916); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1919; Deepdene, Vic, 1922-1927; Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1943; Balwyn, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Cecil Ralph Newman Morris|Morris, Cecil Ralph Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3MW-YGT] - 1906(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Rosalie, 1923); 4CN Brisbane (Rosalie, 1928); 4LW Brisbane (Rosalie, 1929-1933; Ashgrove, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 398, 1928, No. 45 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; technician (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Rosalie, 1928); postal mechanic (Ashgrove, 1936-1954); supervising technician (Rosalie, 1958-1968)

* [[/George William Morris|Morris, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V7-XWS] - 1911(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2VP Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1937; Naremburn, 1938); 2VM Sydney (Lane Cove, 1947; North Sydney, 1948-1950; Narrabeen North, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1291, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous GWMs - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Artarmon, NSW, 1933-1934); wireless service (Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937); bus driver (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943; North Narrabeen, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Glynn Ian Elliott Morris|Morris, Glynn Ian Elliott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XG-9TS] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZ Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1930-1939; Parkdale, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 621, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Mordialloc, 1931-1937); mechanic (Mentone, 1943); official (Mentone, 1949-1968); secretary (Mentone, 1972-1980)

* [[/Jack Dudley Morris|Morris, Jack Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2R-NMZ] - 1914(Vic)-1944(At Sea) - Licences: 3LX Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1933, pirate); 3DQ Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1244, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Major, mention in despatches) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Oakleigh, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/640516 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1509898 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Alexander Morris|Morris, John Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G53X-F8D] - 1893(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: XAM Sydney (Haberfield, NSW, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance representative (North Strathfield, NSW, 1931-1937); insurance agent (Concord West, NSW, 1943; Pennant Hills, NSW, 1949-1963)

* [[/John Taylor Morris|Morris, John Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8C-9SP] - 1914(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6TX Perth (Mosman, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Subiaco, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2136, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Geraldton, WA, 1937); clerk (Nedlands, WA, 1943; Subiaco, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/Richard Charles William Morris|Morris, Richard Charles William (BDM) or Charles Richard William (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXW7-56S] - 1922(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 4MT Rockhampton (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3210, 1951, Qld; BOCP 1460, 1956 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Rockhampton, 1949); electrical fitter (Rockhampton, 1954-1963); radio technician/electrician (Rockhampton, 1968-1972); radio technician (Rockhampton, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald David Morris|Morris, Ronald David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX5W-S7Z] - 1904(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3AP Receive Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922); 3AP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1922-1927); 3APM Melbourne (East Brighton, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 151, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; CPRT 919, 1926; BOCP 600, 1944 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Caulfield, 1925-1931); radio (Brighton, 1936-1937); mechanic (Brighton, 1943; Elsternwick, 1949-1967; Brighton East, 1972-1977)

* [[/Sydney Paul Francis Morris|Morris, Sydney Paul Francis &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-MRP] - 1888(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prahran, Vic, 1909; Dandenong, 1912-1913); clerk &amp; telegraphist (Eltham, Vic, 1924); manager (East Bairnsdale, Vic, 1925-1928); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1931); inspector (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949)

* [[/William Belfort Morris|Morris, William Belfort]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X1-VYQ] - 1910(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6WM Perth (Hollywood, 1930-1937; Mt Lawley, 1938-1939); 6WM Kalgoorlie (1946-1954); 6WM Perth (Applecross, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 625, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hollywood, 1931-1937); newsagent (Kalgoorlie, 1949-1954); representative (Applecross, 1958-1980)

* [[/William John Morris|Morris, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-917] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2378, 1938, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORRISON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morrison|Morrison, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Macdonald Morrison|Morrison, George Macdonald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52C-XR3] - 1897(Qld)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2NZ Sydney (Mosman, 1934-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 741, 1922; COCP1 48, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Cloncurry, Qld, 1919); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1919; Mosman, NSW, 1933-1935; Edgecliff, NSW, 1936); radio technician (Beam Station, Fiskville, Vic, 1942); nil (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); supervisor (South Yarra, Vic, 1954); retired (Melbourne, Vic, 1963; Kings Cross, NSW, 1963; Brisbane, Qld, 1963; Spring Hill, Qld, 1972; Kings Cross, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon Cyril Tucker Morrison|Morrison, Gordon Cyril Tucker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMN-J6Z] - 1916(WA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 6KN Geraldton (1935-1937); 6KN Perth (City, 1938-1939); 2AKN Sydney (Hernes Bay, 1947; Parramatta, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1935, WA; BOCP 89, 1937; 3COCP 1536, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Geraldton, WA, 1937); radio employee (North Perth, WA, 1943); aircraft surveyor (Parramatta North, NSW, 1949; Balgowlah, NSW, 1954-1963); surveyor (Wahroonga, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Lionel Morrison|Morrison, Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDMZ-K6G] - 1906(WA)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6LM Perth (Bayswater, 1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1485, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sandstone, WA, 1931); pipefitter (Wiluna, WA, 1936-1937); fitter (Wiluna, WA, 1943; Bayswater, WA, 1949-1980)

===''MORRIS-REES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alun Morris-Rees|Morris-Rees, Alun]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ73-FZB] - 1910(Wales)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2ACG Paxton (1937-1939); 2ACG Kingston (1948-1956); 2ACG Paxton (1960-1961); 2ACG Newcastle (Adamstown Heights, 1965-1975); 2ACG Sydney (Bondi, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1139, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1370, 1954 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Paxton, NSW, 1933-1935); ambulance attendant (Paxton, NSW, 1937; Buladelah, NSW, 1937; Paxton, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1949-1954); public servant (Newcastle, NSW, 1958-1963); clerk (Adamstown Heights, NSW, 1968-1977)

===''MORRISSEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Brian Joseph Martindale Morrissey|Morrissey, Brian Joseph Martindale]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5AP Adelaide (Prospect, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1544, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''MORROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Caldwell Morrow|Morrow, Arthur Caldwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQF-T2F] - 1912(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4BM Brisbane (Paddington, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 335, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (Red Hill, Qld, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Paddington, Qld, 1943); farmer (Paddington, Qld, 1949-1963)
===''MORSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Percy Morse|Morse, Noel Percy &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWRN-3QR] - 1914(Qld)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: 2JE Sydney (Cremorne, 1934-1935); 4LI Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937); 2AHS Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1402, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RNZAF, Pilot Officer) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Buranda, Qld, 1937; Clayfield, Qld, 1937) - Links: [http://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=95585 RAF Commands]; [https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/war-memorial/online-cenotaph/record/C29996 Auckland Museum]; [http://aircrewremembered.com/morse-noel.html AirCrewRemembered] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MORTIMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mark Mortimer|Mortimer, Mark]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7M-ZZ4] - 1887(Irl)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 107, 1915; 2COCP 48, 1929; 1COCP 89, 1930; BOCP 48, 1934?  - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917)  - Comment: numerous contemporaneous MMs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''MORTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Morton|Morton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Evors Morton|Morton, Charles Evors]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ5-F3R] - 1888(Qld)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Homebush, 1925-1934) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 170, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Applied AIF, rejected due deficient eyesight) - Electoral Rolls: selector (Hull River via Dunk Island, Qld, 1917-1925); public servant (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963) - Trovetag: &quot;2MH - Charles Evors Morton&quot;

===''MOSES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alfred Joseph Moses|Moses, Charles Alfred Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6N1-YQC] - 1900(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - ABC (general manager) - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Charles Moses|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/moses-sir-charles-joseph-15044 ADB]

===''MOSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moss|Moss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Myer Lee Moss|Moss, Alexander Myer Lee]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZY-D3X] - 1911(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1935; Paddington, 1936-1937; Clovelly, 1938-1939, 1946-1958; Rosebery, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1223, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sound projectionist (Coogee, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Clovelly, NSW, 1943); engineer (Clovelly, NSW, 1949); inspector (Randwick, NSW, 1954; Mascot, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/George Arthur Moss|Moss, George Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-86Y] - 1903(WA)-2000(WA) - Licences: 6GM Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1926-1931; Mt Lawley, 1933-1939, 1946-1956; Mt Pleasant, 1960-1965; Boya, 1969-1995+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 233, 1926, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 177, 1934; 1COCP 574, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: piano mechanic (Cottesloe Beach, 1925); wireless mechanic (North Perth, 1931-1958); lecturer (Mt Pleasant, 1963; Boya, 1968-1980) - [https://qsl.net/vk6zse/historic/p-vk6gm.html QSL.net]

* [[/Norman Pardew Moss|Moss, Norman Pardew or Pardeau]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDYP-694] - 1896(NSW)-1952(Qld) - Licences: 2AEW Sydney (Concord West, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 211, 1939; COCP1 387, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 1916-1917, wireless operator naval transport at enlistment) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Concord West, NSW, 1930-1937); radio officer (East Brisbane, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Archerfield, Qld, 1949)

===''MOULD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mould|Mould, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Herbert Mould|Mould, Ronald Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDB-SXT] - 1921(Eng)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6FM Wyndham (1939, 1948); 6FM Perth (Mt Pleasant, 1954-1965; Waikiki, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2389, 1939, WA; COCP2 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954); DCA (Meekatharra, WA, 1958); communications (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1963-1968); f.s.o. (Derby, WA, 1977); retired (Safety Bay, WA, 1980)

===''MOULE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Ernest Moule|Moule, Clifford Ernest &quot;Cliff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-DFH] - 1912(SA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 5CX Adelaide (Parkside, 1930-1939; Plympton, 1946-1948; McLaren Vale, 1954; Lower Mitcham, 1955-1956; Westbourne Park, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 611, 1930, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 1462, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Clarence Gardens, 1939-1941; Glandore West, 1943)

===''MOWLEM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mowlem|Mowlem, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Mowlem|Mowlem, Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9F-DHH] - 1878(???)-1950(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval employee (Toorak, 1919); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1921); telegraphist (Toorak, 1925); engineer (Toorak, 1928); wireless (Malvern, 1931-1949)

===''MOYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moye|Moye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Samuel Moye|Moye, Alfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TX-B8S] - 1915(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2BW Wagga Wagga (1934-1937); 2BW Sydney (Marrickville, 1939); 2BW Wagga Wagga (1946-1958); 2BW Sydney (Potts Point, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1286, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: apprentice chemist (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937); chemist (Marrickville, NSW, 1937; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1958); pharmacist (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958); camera man (Cremorne, NSW, 1963)

===''MOYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Moyle|Moyle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Murray Moyle|Moyle, John Murray &quot;Johnny&quot;, &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT1H-LSG] - 1908(Vic)-1960(ACT) - Licences: 2JU Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1933; Chatswood, 1934-1939; CBD, 1946-1948; North Ryde, 1950-1958); 2AJU Sydney (Potts Point, 1946-1948; CBD, 1950-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 933, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (Wireless Weekly, 1932+; Radio TV &amp; Hobbies, 1939-); education (Scotch College, 1923-1926), military (WW2, RAAF 1941-, Squadron Leader); broadcast (3DB, 1920s) - Callsign: 2JU previously Ross Amos Hull - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); journalist (Ashfield, NSW, 1933; Artarmon, NSW, 1936-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1958) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198909.pdf EA1] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW198910.pdf EA2]

* [[/John Rex Moyle|Moyle, John Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5XY-QM3] - 1903(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2EZ Batlow (1933); 2EZ Sydney (Killara, 1934); 3EZ Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1937); 2EZ Sydney (Gordon, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1950); 6EZ Safety Bay (1954-1960); 6EZ Embleton (1965-1969); 2OZ Sydney (Normanhurst, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1123, 1933, No. ?? in NSW; COCP1 145, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Edgecliff, NSW, 1930); airman (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1943); technician (Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Safety Bay, WA, 1958; Embleton, WA, 1963-1968; East Perth, WA, 1972); retired (Normanhurst, NSW, 1977)

===''MUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mudie|Mudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Theodore Mudie|Mudie, Maxwell Theodore &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT81-HL4] - 1917(SA)-2012(NSW)95yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener (MW + SW); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - QSLs: Entire QSL collection (100+) was donated to AMP by Max and is archived at NFSA Canberra as part of the Adrian Peterson/ARDXC Heritage QSL Collection - Relationships: Uncle of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: prospector (Mt Alma, Victor Harbour, SA, 1939-1943); dairy hand (Wyong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Muir|Muir, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Sibbald Allison Muir|Muir, John Sibbald Allison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRB3-1J6] - 1904(SA)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3QW Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3QW Melbourne (Brighton, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 91, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; likely operator of 3NS dealer licence for Norris &amp; Skelly, Elizabeth St, Melbourne 1924 - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Brighton, 1925-1927); radio dealer (Malvern, 1928); wireless (Brighton, 1931); engineer (Brighton, 1935; Ringwood, 1936-1954); nil (Somers, 1963; Langwarrin, 1968-1977; Garfield, 1980)

* [[/Robert White Muir|Muir, Robert White]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K644-M2J] - 1904(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6RW Wagin (1933-1939); 6RW Perth (Subiaco, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1184, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Albany, WA, 1925-1926); jeweller &amp; radio dealer (Wagin, WA, 1931); jeweller (Wagin, WA, 1936-1943); watchmaker (Subiaco, WA, 1949-1963)

===''MULLETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Bertram James Mullett|Mullett, Bertram James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N19-B2N] - 1883(Eng)-1950(Vic) - Licences: XJX Melbourne (Upper Packenham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Signals) - Migration: 1885 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Gembrook South, Vic, 1909-1917); military clerk (Richmond, Vic, 1919-1922); public servant (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949)
* [[/Leslie Fred Mullett|Mullett, Leslie Fred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRX-BQD] - 1903(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5ZQ Adelaide (Highgate, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1065, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Highgate, SA, 1939-1941); engineer (Barton, ACT, 1949)

===''MULLIGAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mulligan|Mulligan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Charles Mulligan|Mulligan, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2QS-X7W] - 1886(NZ)-1982(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 135, 1915; 2COCP 211, 1930; 1COCP 329, 1933 - RANRS (CPO to Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Clayfield, 1914-1917); wireless operator (Emita, Flinders Island, 1919-1928); OIC Radio Station (Darwin, 1934); radiologist (Ascot, 1936); OIC radio (Townsville, Qld, 1943); retired (Warrimoo, NSW, 1954-1958; Umina, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Henry Peter Anthony Mulligan|Mulligan, Henry Peter Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ7-X96] - 1919(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2ABH Sydney (Kensington South, 1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1606, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''MUMFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mumford|Mumford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Glenorie Wallamba Mumford|Mumford, Glenorie Wallamba]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTQG-WP6] - 1908(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ABX Girral (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 1143, 1929 (Spark); COCP2 238, 1930; COCP1 288, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949; Orange, NSW, 1954); radio operator (Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); radio officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1968); officer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1980)

===''MUNRO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Munro|Munro, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Waugh Munro|Munro, Alexander Waugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-NXF] - 1908(Qld)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 2CX Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1933); 2ANV Wallsend (1947); 4JM Townsville (1954) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 336, 1931; COCP1 166, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Cairns, NSW, 1930); telegraphist (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless operator (Brampton Island, Qld, 1934); telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1936-1937); inspector (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943); radio inspector (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958; Kingborough, Tas, 1963); retired (Southport, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Bruce Willson Munro|Munro, Bruce Willson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7GX-CDJ] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4AL Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1927-1931; Bulimba, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 339, 1927, No. 35 in Qld; 2COCP 68, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; aeronautical experimenter; pilot; Qld Aero Club (Brisbane, honorary flying instructor, 1930s); Dept Civil Aviation (Brisbane, Assistant Plan Printer, 1956-1968) - Electoral Rolls: commercial pilot (Moorooka, 1943); flight checking officer (Townsville, 1943); pilot (West End, 1949-1963); commonwealth public servant (Wynnum, 1968-1972); retired (Wynnum, 1977-1980)

===''MURDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilmot Henry Murden|Murden, Wilmot Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G691-7WC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7TY Launceston (1934-1937); 3TY Melbourne (West Preston, 1938-1939; Thornbury, 1947); 3TY Rapanyup (1948); 3TY Sale (1954-1955); 3TY Swan Hill (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1243, 1934, No. ?? in Tas; BOCP 1176, 1950; 1COCP 1610, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sale, 1954); radio engineer (3SH, Sale, 1963)
===''MURDOCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murdoch|Murdoch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Fraser Murdoch|Murdoch, James Fraser &quot;Fraser&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GN6] - 1923(Qld)-2003(Qld) - Licences: 4FQ Toowoomba (1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2383, 1939, Qld; COCP3 6415, 1967 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Empire Theater under Cliff Gold 4CG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1949); motor mechanic (Toowoomba, Qld, 1954); mechanic (Grange, Qld, 1958-1980)

===''MURFETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murfett|Murfett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Murfett|Murfett, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2Y9-GYY] - 1906(Vic)-1999(Vic)93yo - Licences: 3NZ Terang (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1008, 1932, Vic; COCP2 421, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Terang, Vic, 1928-1937); clerk (Terang, Vic, 1943); carrier (Terang, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''MURPHY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murphy|Murphy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Daniel Patrick Murphy|Murphy, Daniel Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1FR-95V] - 1921(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2426, 1940, Vic; BOCP 490, 1943; COCP1 741, 1943 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/David James Murphy|Murphy, David James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVM-PLY] - 1912(Tas)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AHN Sydney (West Ryde, 1937, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1895, 1937, NSW; BOCP 92, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1943-1980)

* [[/Harold James Murphy|Murphy, Harold James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD6Q-ZGP] - 1899(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4HM Ilfracombe (1935-1937); 4HM Pomona (1938-1939); 4HM Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1532, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Auchenflower, Qld, 1925; Milton, Qld, 1928); postal official (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1930); postmaster (Ilfracombe, Qld, 1936-1937); insurance agent (Wooloowin, Qld, 1943); postal official (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); public servant (Stafford, Qld, 1958)

===''MURRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Murray|Murray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Basil Wentworth Lathrop Murray|Murray, Basil Wentworth Lathrop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PD-PM8] - 1875(Vic)-1925(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - manager &amp; director Westralian Farmers Ltd; primary driver in establishment of 6WF Perth before his untimely death - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1903); insurance manager (West Perth, WA, 1910-1925); - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/murray-basil-lathrop-23136 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Frederick Alexander Murray|Murray, Frederick Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89D-SZ7] - 1907(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2FM Sydney (Rose Bay, 1927; Mosman, 1928-1935; Cremorne, 1936-1939; Mosman, 1946-1947; Lindfield, 1948-1949; Carramar, 1950-1975); 2FM Blayney (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 336, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1933); fitter (Mosman, NSW, 1934); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1935); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1943); draftsman (Mosman, NSW, 1949); draughtsman (Carramar, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Blayney, NSW, 1980)

* [[/John William Murray|Murray, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G879-32L] - 1905(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3JY Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1928-1930; Fitzroy, 1931-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Kew, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 396, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Elsternwick, 1928); projectionist (St Kilda, 1934; Melbourne East, 1936); technician (St Kilda West, 1943-1949); projectionist (Kew, 1954-1980) - Comment: several contemporaneous John William Murray's in Melbourne, identification not certain

* [[/Kynaston Noel Lathrop Murray|Murray, Kynaston Noel Lathrop]] - 1838(Eng)-1916(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - clubs and societies (Telegraph Electrical Society Vic, member, 1880s; Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs, 1860s-1870s; Vic Railways Dept, 1880s-1890s)

* [[/Malcolm Imlay Murray|Murray, Malcolm Imlay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-684] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6MY Perth (City, 1930; South Perth, 1933-1939; Floreat Park, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 677, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (East Perth, 1931); radiotrician (South Perth, 1936; Floreat Park, 1943-1980)

* [[/Roy Thomas Murray|Murray, Roy Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQV-5C1] - 1890(Vic)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 24, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; draftsman &amp; wireless operator at enlistment 1916; WW1 (59th squadron AFC, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1916-1919); wireless operator (Croydon, NSW, 1930; West Ryde, NSW, 1933; Meadowbank, NSW, 1935; Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); radio operator (Roseville, NSW, 1943)

===''MUSGRAVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrave|Musgrave, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Musgrave|Musgrave, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBSP-H17] - 1917(NSW)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2NF Werris Creek (1934-1936); 2NF Sydney (Petersham, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1313, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/john-musgrave NSW War Memorial] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''MUSGROVE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musgrove|Musgrove, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Mandeville D'Oyly Musgrove|Musgrove, Mandeville D'Oyly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCWY-HZ4] - 1872(Eng)-1944(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast station proprietor (6ML &amp; others) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Claremont, WA, 1910-1936); manager (Palm Beach, WA, 1943) - Links: [[b:History_of_wireless_telegraphy_and_broadcasting_in_Australia/Topical/Stations/6ML_Perth|Wikibooks]]

===''MUSSO''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Musso|Musso, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Albert Maria Bellotti Musso|Musso, Louis Albert Maria Bellotti]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1G-PMQ] - 1913(NSW)-2003(NSW)90yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2203, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Penshurst, NSW, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Penshurst, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''MUSTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mustard|Mustard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Andrew Mustard|Mustard or Mustar, Ernest Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NJ5-2VZ] - 1893(Vic)-1971(Qld) - Licences: XJEJ Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Anzac Signals Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1919; Korumburra, Vic, 1919); RAAF (Point Cook, Laverton, Vic, 1924); aviator (Parkville, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937-1968)

===''MUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutter|Mutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Mutter|Mutter, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZN-2QQ] - 1909(Sct)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (North Sydney, 1933); 2AJY Sydney (Mosman, 1938-1939); 3AJY Melbourne (Essendon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely RAN qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: R.A.N. (North Sydney, NSW, 1933-1934)

===''MUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Mutton|Mutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Angus Keith Mutton|Mutton, Angus Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5F-BQM] - 1910(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5ZY Adelaide (Toorak Gardens, 1933; Tusmore, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1089, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Tusmore Gardens, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Arthur Henry Mutton|Mutton, Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC1Y-PP5] - 1908(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2QT Receive Sydney (Stanmore, 1923-1925); 2QT Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 237, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Annandale, NSW, 1930-1937); communication engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1943-1968); public servant (Bayview, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''MYERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Myers|Myers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Geoffrey Myers|Myers, John Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZW-XR5] - 1913(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1936-1938); 2UA Sydney (Dee Why, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948)  - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); company officer (Manly, NSW, 1949-1954; Fairlight, 1958); sales manager (Dee Why, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Narraweena, NSW, 1977)

=='''N'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''NAIRN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Linley Beeton Nairn|Nairn, Arthur Linley Beeton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58V-M8X] - 1895(SA)-1978(NZ) - Licences: 2BI Receive Sydney (Mosman, 1922-1923) - Qualifications: CPRTelephony 373, 1918 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Hamilton, NZ, 1938); director (Days Bay, Wellington, NZ, 1946-1954)
===''NANCARROW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ralph Stanley Nancarrow|Nancarrow, Ralph Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GST3-XQ3] - 1904(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5PK Georgetown (1930-1933); 2PY Sydney (Mosman, 1935; Randwick, 1936-1939); 2ACN Sydney (Lane Cove, 1954-1961; North Ryde, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 719, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical fitter (Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1963); fitter (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NANGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Nangle|Nangle, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-F31] - 1869(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2MU Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1922); 2MU Sydney (Marrickville, 1923-1927; Observatory, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; 1920s Superintendent Technical Education NSW; hon. Government Astronomer NSW; Sydney University (Senate); Royal Society of NSW (president); Fellow Royal Astronomical Society; Fellow Federal Institute of Architects; author (astronomy, architecture) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Petersham, 1903); Government Astronomer (Observatory, 1930-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2MU - James Nangle&quot; - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nangle-james-7722 ADB]

===''NARROWAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Horace Narroway|Narroway, Frank Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF54-YF9] - 1899(Eng)-1965(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - council member WIA WA 1920s; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Perth, WA, 1925-1931); insurance official (South Perth, WA, 1936-1958); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1963);

===''NASH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nash|Nash, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Charles Nash|Nash, William Robert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDWX-LWF] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2WW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1934-1937); 4WN Cairns (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1329, 1934, Qld; 1COCP 138, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: company manager (Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''NAVEAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Naveau|Naveau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Naveau|Naveau, Benjamin]] - 1936(ACT)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1883, 1960; TVOCP 450, 1962 - radio mechanic - Relationships: Son of Jabez William John Naveau - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Jabez William John Naveau|Naveau, Jabez William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLZ-2JG] - 1903(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1074, 1932, NSW - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Father of Benjamin Naveau - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Causeway, ACT, 1930); electrician (Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1943); shift electrician (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1963); no occupation (Ulladulla, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Ulladulla, NSW, 1972; Old Toongabbie, NSW, 1980)

===''NEALE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Drayton Neale|Neale, Eric Drayton Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88H-NWT] - 1907(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4EN Longreach (1934-1939); 4EN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1298, 1934, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist), radio club (WIAQ, QSL officer) - Relationships: father of 4?? Eric Drayton Neale Jnr - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Wooloowin, 1928; Longreach, 1936; Grange, 1937; Wooloowin, 1943-1963)

===''NEAVERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leslie Laurence Neaverson|Neaverson, Leslie Laurence or Lawrence Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYTM-HCD] - 1899(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: G5NX (Lakeside, Cumbria, 1922+); 4NV Brisbane (Holland Park, 1947-1956+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; associate member IRE (Britain); principal Anglo Austral Hearing Aid Dispensary - Electoral Rolls: surgical technician (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1958)

===''NELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nell|Nell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Montague Nell|Nell, George Alfred Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87B-PP6] - 1900(Ceylon)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JQ Quirindi (1928-1929); 2JQ Canberra (1930); 2JQ Moruya (1931-1936); 2JQ Binda (1937-1939); 2JQ Crookwell (1946-1950); 2JQ Junee (1954-1965); 2JQ Goulburn (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 413, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Moruya, NSW, 1930-1934; Crookwell, NSW, 1936-1949; Junee, NSW, 1954-1968; Goulburn, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NELSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nelson|Nelson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Rupert Clifford Nelson|Nelson, Charles Rupert Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVDT-X22] - 1909(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3FJ Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1960; Royal Park, 1965-1969); 3WC Bendigo (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2171, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Mental Hospital, Wendouree, Vic, 1931-1934; Mental Hospital, Ararat, Vic, 1936-1943); public servant (Coburg, Vic, 1949-1963); male nurse (Receiving House, Parkville, Vic, 1968); retired (White Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Yeates Nelson|Nelson, John Yeates]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G884-YDV] - 1851(Irl)-1932(NSW) - Licences: XAA Sydney (McMahon's Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; federal public servant (PMGD, chief electrical engineer (NSW)) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milson's Point, 1930-1931)

* [[/Samuel Simeon Nelson|Nelson, Samuel Simeon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JS-XRG] - 1908(NSW)-1941(NSW) - Licences: 2SN Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937; Canterbury, 1938; Dulwich Hill, 1939)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1332, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2KH William Peter Nelson - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lewisham, NSW, 1934); meter reader (Marrickville, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/William Peter Nelson|Nelson, William Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP9-WQS] - 1906(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2KH Sydney (Randwick, 1935-1939; Coogee, 1946-1961; Taren Point, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1583, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 2SN Samuel Simeon Nelson - Electoral Rolls: meter reader (Kensington, NSW, 1930; Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Coogee, NSW, 1943-1963); foreman (Taren Point, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NESTROM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nestrom|Nestrom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Louis Nestrom|Nestrom, Oliver Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-9H4] - 1912(NSW)-1999(SA) - Licences: 5RZ Adelaide (St Peters, 1936-1937; Joslin, 1938); 2ADJ Sydney (Homebush, 1939); 5RZ Adelaide (Colonel Light Gardens, 1947; Glenelg, 1948; St Georges, 1954); 5RZ Port Augusta, 1955-1956); 5RZ Adelaide (Kurralta Park, 1960; Manningham, 1965-1969; St Peters, 1975); 5RZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP, 224, 1935; AOCP 1725, 1936, SA; BOCP 719, 1946; 2COCP 1178, 1949; 1COCP 1491, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Modbury, SA, 1939); fitter (Strathfield, NSW, 1943)

===''NETTLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nettleton|Nettleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Arthur Nettleton|Nettleton, Maurice Arthur ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP9R-Y9M] - 1905(Wales)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 806, 1931, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 359, 1941  - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Kew, Vic, 1926-1931); radio engineer (Emerald, Qld, 1937); radio mechanic (West Ryde, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Dunkeld, Vic, 1949); radio technician (Dunkeld, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''NEVILLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Clifford Anderson Neville|Neville, Alfred Clifford Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH3-Z4D] - 1907(Eng)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4ED Receive Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 5827, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Hamilton, Qld, 1928); clerk (Windsor, Qld, 1934-1943); accountant (Hawthorne, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (East Brisbane, 1963-1980)

===''NEWBERRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald Mallord Newberry|Newberry, Archibald Mallord]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH51-SDW] - 1893(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3AN Red Cliffs (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 606, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Red Cliffs, 1924-1931); radio dealer (Red Cliffs, 1934-1942); cycle dealer (Red Cliffs, 1949-1972)

===''NEWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert James Newell|Newell, Albert James &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ1C-RGW] - 1910(Sct)-1998(Qld) - Licences: 4BN Mill Hill via Warwick (1936-1939); 4BN Brisbane (Archerfield, 1947-1948; Moorooka, 1954); 4AJ Brisbane (Moorooka, 1965; Yeronga, 1969; Ormiston, 1975); 4AJN Brisbane (Ormiston, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1727, 1936, Qld; 2COCP 559, 1942; 1COCP 588, 1942; TVOCP 531, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA Aviation Radio Service - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Mill Hill, Qld, 1931-1943); radio technician (Moorooka, Qld, 1949-1968); television technician (Yeronga West, Qld, 1972); retired (Ormiston, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''NEWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newman|Newman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Newman|Newman, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9JJ9-YSK] - 1881(India)-1952(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 10, 1914; CPRT 90, 1915; 1COCP 49, 1930 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant, 1917-1920, terminated Nov 1920); WW1; WW2 - Comment: several contemporaneous AFNs - Electoral Rolls: traffic officer (Elsternwick, 1917-1919); assistant! (Malvern East, 1924-1931); piano tuner (St Kilda, 1931)

* [[/Sydney Moreton Newman|Newman, Sydney Moreton &quot;Syd&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL41-PBM] - 1898(NSW)-1998(NSW)99yo - Licences: XPZ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914); 3MC Melbourne (Canterbury, 1923-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 655, 1921; 1COCP 90, 1930 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Turramurra, 1930-1958); retired (Wahroonga, 1963-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XPZ-3MC - Sydney Moreton Newman&quot; (68 tags) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199101.pdf EA]

* [[/William Harold Newman|Newman, William Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3V-4N5] - 1889(NSW)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 2MK? Receive Sydney (Artarmon, 1922); 2MJ Sydney (Artarmon, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Railway Section, Lieut Hon. Major, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, Brigadier, CMF, died of illness) - Electoral Rolls: railway official (Artarmon, 1930-1934); secretary (Mosman, 1936-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285536 AWM] [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682234 Roll of Honour] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''NEWPORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newport|Newport, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Ivan Newport|Newport, Thomas Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PN-RY9] - 1901(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2JF Sydney (Bexley, 1935-1939, 1946-1965; Freemans Reach, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1591, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bexley, NSW, 1930-1963); retired (Freemans Reach, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NEWTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Newton|Newton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Newton|Newton, Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-RBG] - 1921(Eng)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3DN Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Nunawading, 1954-1960; Park Orchards, 1965-1975); 3DN Athlone (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2356, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Nunawading, Vic, 1949-1954; Park Orchards, Vic, 1967-1977); retired (Athlone, Vic, 1980)

===''NICHOLAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Rupert Nicholas|Nicholas, William Rupert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD14-RFV] - 1913(Tas)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7WR Hobart (North Hobart, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 896, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 72, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hobart North, 1936; New Town, 1943-1954)
===''NICHOLLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Hartley Nicholls|Nicholls, Alan Hartley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQR-VH9] - 1913(WA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6KE Corrigin (1936-1937); 3NI Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1938-1939); 2NI Sydney (Manly, 1946; Cremorne, 1947-1954; Manly, 1955-1956); 2ANI Sydney (Mosman, 1960-1965); 4AL Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1965); 4NI Cairns (1975); 6NX Perth (South Guildford, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1814, 1936, WA; BOCP 219, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1949); shopkeeper (Wilston, Qld, 1958); electronic engineer (Cremorne, NSW, 1963); engineer (Cairns, Qld, 1972-1977; South Guildford, WA, 1980)
* [[/Francis Edgar Nicholls|Nicholls, Francis Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1H-8KQ] - 1910(Vic)-1995(Tas) - Licences: 7RY Devonport (1932-1933); 7RY Burnie (1937-1939); 7RY Hobart (New Town, 1946-1948; Lenah Valley, 1954-1955; New Town, 1960; Lenah Valley, 1965-1969; Midway Point, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 991, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Lenah Valley, 1943-1954)
* [[/William James Nicholls|Nicholls, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6S3-26D] - 19??(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3FW Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 780, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Moonee Ponds, 1922-1963)
* [[/William John Matthew Nicholls|Nicholls, William John Matthew or William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WW-PDS] - 1908(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1928-1933); 7WX Launceston (1937-1939); 3WX Melbourne (Williamstown, 1946-1965; East Malvern, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 419, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 343, 1931; 1COCP 309, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Williamstown, 1931-1936); RAAF (Williamstown, 1949); radio engineer (Williamstown, 1954-1963; Malvern East, 1968-1980)
* [[/William Vernon Nicholls|Nicholls, William Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ7S-B6T] - 1894(SA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJU Korumburra (1913-1914); Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Caulfield, Vic, 1919); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''NICHOLSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicholson|Nicholson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. G. Nicholson|Nicholson, H. G. &quot;Nick&quot;]] - 19??(USA?)-19??(USA?) - Licences: 4HN Port Moresby, Papua (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely USA) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; briefly operator of broadcast station PK6XX - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified) - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan090823.html Wavescan]

* [[/Keith Graham Nicholson|Nicholson, Keith Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHC-24W] - 1908(WA)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6DE Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (West Perth, WA, 1931); university student (West Perth, WA, 1949); solicitor (West Perth, WA, 1954; Cottesloe, WA, 1958; Perth, WA, 1963; West Perth, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Russell Malcolm Nicholson|Nicholson, Russell Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z7-7W4] - 1909(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 4KG Ilfracombe (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 529, 1929, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 48, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shearing contractor (Longreach, 1936); manager 4LG (Longreach, 1937); radio mechanic (Coolangatta, 1949-1972)

===''NICKSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nickson|Nickson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Francis Bennie Nickson|Nickson, Arthur Francis Bennie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2N-BZ6] - 1915(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3NB Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939; Camberwell, 1947); 3LW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1955); 3NB Melbourne (Camberwell, 1956-1965)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1711, 1936, Vic; AOCP1 39, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: physicist (Malvern, Vic, 1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1967)

===''NICOLL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicoll|Nicoll, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Nicoll|Nicoll, William]] - 1903(Canada)-19??(???) - Licences: 4CO Receive Brisbane (Upper Paddington, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 644, 1921 - amateur Receiver - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bardon, 1925-1929)

===''NICOLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nicolle|Nicolle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Hort Wilmot Nicolle|Nicolle, Horace Hort Wilmot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZS-MZF] - 1908(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Strathfield, 1929-1933; Ryde, 1934); 2AJT Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Wollstonecraft, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 527, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist apprentice (Strathfield, NSW, 1930); pharmacist (Strathfield, NSW, 1933-1935); chemist (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1968)

===''NIGHTINGALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Victor Charles John Nightingall|Nightingall, Victor Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVXN-9SJ] - 1880(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: XKK Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (St Kilda, Vic, 1909-1919); tramway employee (Heidelberg, Vic, 1925-1943)

===''NILSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nilsen|Nilsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver John Nilsen|Nilsen, Oliver John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8W4-W1G] - 1884(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Melbourne (Brighton, 1923); 3UZ Melbourne (1924-25) - Qualifications: Nil identified to date - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - 3UZ experimental callsign issued to Oliver J. Nilsen &amp; Co in 1923, operator N. J. Boyd; callsign withdrawn 1925 and reallocated to Nilsen's broadcast station which remains current as at 2021 - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Fitzroy, 1909-1924; Chelsea, 1928-1931); contractor (Caulfield, 1934-1954); engineer (Elsternwick, 1972; Hawthorn, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/nilsen-oliver-john-11244 ADB]

===''NIND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nind|Nind, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William George Nind|Nind, John William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW1S-L35] - 1907(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JN Perth (Kalamunda, 1947-1948; Bayswater, 1954-1955; Morley Park, 1956; Swan View, 1960-1965; Greenmount, 1969; Darlington, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2436, 1940, WA - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Perth, WA, 1943); clerk (Kalamunda, WA, 1949; Bayswater, WA, 1954); technician (Morley Park, WA, 1958; Swan View, WA, 1963; Greenmount, WA, 1968); retired (Darlington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''NISSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nissen|Nissen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Laurence Nissen|Nissen, Eric Laurence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-ZLR] - 1905(Qld)-2001(Qld) - Licences: 4XN Dalby (1930-1939, 1946-1975+); 4XN Toowoomba (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 574, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, member); broadcast technician (4QS, 1939-1976); federal public servant (PMGD); Awards: Imperial Service Medal 1976 - Electoral Rolls: none specified (Dalby, 1928-1937); PMG technician (Dalby, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1977)

===''NIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Niven|Niven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Curteis Niven|Niven, John Curteis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNH-JQC] - 1919(Vic)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 3ON Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939); 2AON Sydney (Strathfield, 1946) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1772, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Homebush, NSW, 1943-1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963-1968); manager (Homebush, NSW, 1972; Enfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''NIXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nixon|Nixon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edgar Nixon|Nixon, Arthur Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M2-SM5] - 1905(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ON Receive Melbourne (Windsor, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 361, 1927, Vic - amateur receiver; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1931); salesman (St Kilda West, Vic, 1931-1936); electrical fitter (Albert Park, Vic, 1943-1954)

===''NOLAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolan|Nolan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Nolan|Nolan, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9Q3R-X84] - 1910(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: 4FN Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1935-1937; Clayfield, 1938-1939; Stafford Heights, 1946-1948); 4MF Portable (1948); 9FN Port Moresby &amp; 9MF Portable (1954-1956); 4FN/T Gracemere (1960-1969); 4FN/T Brisbane (Wavell Heights, 1975; Virginia, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1433, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, WIAQ); broadcast technician (9PA, 4RK); radio serviceman; federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Francis William Nolan|Nolan, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-XPW] - 1897(NSW)-19?? - Licences: 4JU Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1929-1939, 1947-1956; Paddington, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43? &amp; 501, 1924 &amp; 1929, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio serviceman - Relationships: husband of 4LO Violet Elizabeth Nolan nee Hennessey - Comment: several genealogy sites have wrong data for FWN - Electoral Rolls: cartoonist (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1925);  radio mechanic (Brisbane, City, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Brisbane City, Qld, 1954-1958)

* [[/Gordon Raymond Nolan|Nolan, Gordon Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-R8F] - 1919(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIZ Sydney (North Sydney, 1938; Crows Nest, 1939); 2AIZ Goulburn (1946-1954); 2AFO Sydney (Rydalmere, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2067, 1938, NSW; BOCP 307, 1940; AOCP1 36, 1946; TVOCP 363, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Pools Hill, Albury, NSW, 1943; Goulburn, NSW, 1949-1954); accountant (Rydalmere, NSW, 1958-1963; Ermington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/John Spencer Nolan|Nolan, John Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-KMV] - 1868(NSW)-1936(NSW) - Licences: XED Sydney (Double Bay, 1911-1914); 2JH Receive Sydney (Double Bay, 1922); 2JH Sydney (Double Bay, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator;  amateur broadcaster; dentist and dental surgeon - Relationships: Father of 2YI Philip Spencer Nolan - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Woollahra, 1930-1935) - TroveTag: &quot;XED-2JH - John Spencer Nolan&quot;

* [[/Violet Elizabeth Hennessey|Nolan nee Hennessey, Violet Elizabeth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6W-DSX] - 1896(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4LO Brisbane (City, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 826, 1931, No. ? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: fourth YL operator in Qld - Relationships: wife of 4JU Francis William Nolan - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Brisbane City, Qld, 1921-1943); not stated (Eagle Heights, Qld, 1949); home duties (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1954); domestic (Spring Hill, Qld, 1958); retired (Coolangatta, Qld, 1958)

* [[/Philip Spencer Nolan|Nolan, Philip Spencer &quot;Spencer,&quot; &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBW-ZWX] - 1897(NSW)-1929(NSW) - Licences: 2YI Sydney (Double Bay, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 58, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; dentist - Relationships: Son of XED-2JH Lieut John Spencer Nolan - Comment: gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2YI - Philip Spencer Nolan&quot;

===''NOLTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nolte|Nolte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Nolte|Nolte, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HG-DD4] - 1911(Vic)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 3NO Melbourne (Elwood, 1929-1939); 2QO Sydney (Potts Point, 1948-1950; Bexley North, 1954-1975); 2QO Wamberal (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 492, 1929, Vic; AOLCP 83, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, Vic, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1949; Bexley North, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Wamberal, NSW, 1980)

===''NORGATE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norgate|Norgate, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Norgate|Norgate, Albert William &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSN-4N1] - 1915(Vic)-2014(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3QT Melbourne (North Williamstown, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1946, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Williamstown, Vic, 1937-1980)

===''NORMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norman|Norman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Allan Norman|Norman, Douglas Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7RR-14T] - 1919(Eng)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3UC Melbourne (Preston, 1947-1948; East Camberwell, 1954-1960; Canterbury, 1965-1969; Box Hill North, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2178, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948; ) - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); architect (Preston, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972; Box Hill North, Vic, 1977-1980) 

* [[/William James Norman|Norman, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Q-ZRS] - 1899(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7WJ Eddystone Point Lighthouse (1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: stoker (Longford, 1922); lightkeeper (Tasman Island, 1928; Eddystone Lighthouse, 1934; Maatauyker Island, 1936; Currie Harbour, King Island, 1937)

===''NORRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norris|Norris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Anthony David Norris|Norris, Anthony David &quot;Tony&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Edgar Lewin Norris|Norris, Edgar Lewin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YH-3D4] - 1891(Qld)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Receive Toowoomba (1922); 4CK Toowoomba (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 80, 1925, No. 8 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (Toowoomba RC); WW1 - Relationships: father of 4NO Edgar Thomas Norris - TroveTag: &quot;4CK - Edgar Lewin Norris&quot; - Electoral Rolls: optician (Rockhampton, 1913); optometrist (Wooloowin, 1919; Toowoomba, 1925-1954)

* [[/Edgar Thomas Norris|Norris, Edgar Thomas &quot;Tom&quot; &quot;Tommy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G855-G68] - 1930(Qld)-2019(Qld) - Licences: 4NO Toowoomba (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 6945, 1967; AOLCP Q2, 1968; AOCP Q13, 1968, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of 4CK Edgar Lewin Norris - Electoral Rolls: charge hand (Toowoomba, 1954-1980)

===''NORTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert North|North, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William North|North, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZR-K5J] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABN Sydney (Marrickville, 1931-1939; Cremorne, 1946-1947; Concord West, 1948; Carlingford, 1950-1961; Dundas, 1965; Bexley, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 850, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Marrickville, NSW, 1937); warehouse manager (Cremorne, NSW, 1943)

===''NORTHEAST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Northeast|Northeast, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Harry Northeast|Northeast, Laurence Harry &quot;Laurie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLM3-8NK] - 1908(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5LH Adelaide (Rosewater, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 315, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosewater, 1939-43)

===''NORVILLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Norville|Norville, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Norville|Norville, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VP3] - 1902(SA)-1986(Netherlands) - Licences: 2WC Sydney (Willoughby, 1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father &amp; a son both CHNs - Electoral Rolls: tester (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); radio engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1937); manufacturing engineer (Kensington, NSW, 1943)

===''NOTTAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottage|Nottage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Raymond Nottage|Nottage, William Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJW-969] - 1917(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5MI Adelaide (Croydon, 1938-1939, 1947-1956; Seacombe Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2243, 1938, SA; BOCP 706, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Croydon, SA, 1943)

===''NOTTINGHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nottingham|Nottingham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Alfred James Nottingham|Nottingham, Herbert Alfred James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97H2-G1C] - 1902(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2HN Sydney (North Ryde, 1931-1939, 1946-1975 - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 300, 1930; COCP1 168, 1931; AOLCP 36, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: printer (North Ryde, NSW, 1930-1933); wireless engineer (North Ryde, NSW, 1934-1977)

===''NOURSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nourse|Nourse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Dudley Nourse|Nourse, John Charles Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3SY-1SB] - 1911(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2DQ Broken Hill (1932-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 927, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1932-1968)

* [[/Brant Charles Addison Nourse|Nourse, Brant Charles Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3WC-2WP] - 1919(NSW)-2013(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 1223, 1951 -  - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Strathfield, NSW, 1943); labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1954); engineer (4LG Cramsie, NSW, 1963)

===''NUGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nugent|Nugent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent John Nugent|Nugent, Vincent John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR5D-CC7] - 1920(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2ALZ Sydney (Bexley, 1938-1939, 1948-1954); 2ALZ Tumut (1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2244, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1943); PMG Mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1949); PMG technician (Tumut, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Tumut, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''NUNN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nunn|Nunn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell Scovell Nunn|Nunn, Maxwell Scovell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPGY-RYV] - 1906(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2NE Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1934; Waverley, 1935-1936; North Sydney, 1937; Crows Nest, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1234, 1933, NSW; BOCP 561, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); sound engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''NUTLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutley|Nutley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dick Oswald Nutley|Nutley, Dick Oswald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G57V-MFM] - 1907(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 204, 1935; AOCP 2048, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Little Nymboida, NSW, 1930); radio apprentice (Sandgate, NSW, 1934-1935); millhand (Pilliga, NSW, 1943); timber worker (Grafton, NSW, 1949)

===''NUTMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutman|Nutman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Taylor Nutman|Nutman, James Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PB-3D4] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939; Hunters Hill, 1946-1947); 2AVN Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1585, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: survey draftsman (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); draftsman (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1949); ?? (West Pennant Hills, NSW, 1954); clerk (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1968; Castle Cove, NSW, 1972); retired (Hlsvle, NSW, 1977-1980; Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''NUTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nutt|Nutt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth William Nutt|Nutt, Kenneth William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCX-GZ9] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4XD Townsville (1939, 1947-1954); 2ND Goulburn (1955); 4XD Cairns (1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2364, 1939, Qld; COCP2 328, 1940; COCP1 763, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Northcote, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1954; Earlville, Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (OTC Bringelly, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''NYE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Nye|Nye, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Louis Nye|Nye, Walter Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNN-ZXC] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 3WL Melbourne (Coburg, 1936-1939; Brunswick West, 1947); 2XU Sydney (Cammeray, 1947; Haberfield, 1948-1950; Guildford, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1956; Naremburn, 1957-1965; Stanwell Park, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1691, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coburg, Vic, 1936-1937); produce merchant (Haberfield, NSW, 1949); accountant (Crows Nest, NSW, 1958-1963)

=='''O'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
==='''OAKES'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Andrew Oakes|Oakes, Walter Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-RBQ] - 1907(Tas)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 7BQ Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923); Receive Hobart (New Town, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP N1088, 1971 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Manly, 1930); electrical fitter (Launceston, 1937); railway employee (New Town, 1943-1949); electrician (Lindfield, 1954); business proprietor (Roseville, 1958); managing director (Roseville, 1963-1968); director (Roseville, 1972-1980)

==='''O'BRIEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Brien|O'Brien, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alonzo John O'Brien|O'Brien, Alonzo John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYVS-K9T] - 1910(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3FS Melbourne (North Fitzroy, 1936-1939; Thornbury, 1947-1954; Lower Plenty, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1779, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: boot operative (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1936); boot trade (Clifton Hill, Vic, 1937); bootmaker (Thornbury, Vic, 1949-1954); shoe maker (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Charles Clare O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMTS-7SJ] - 1904(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4NC Brisbane (Stafford, 1939, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2386, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kilcoy, 1928); telephone mechanic (Eagle Junction, 1936-1943); technician (Stafford, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Charles Raymond Heddington O'Brien|O'Brien, Charles Raymond Heddington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FN-4CX] - 1913(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3QX Melbourne (Glenhuntly, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 626, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1934-1936); electrical engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1954; Mount Waverley, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Matthew O'Brien|O'Brien, Matthew or Matthew Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG7-P35] - 1904(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4MM Brisbane (Toowong, 1926-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 234, 1926, No. 20 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QRTL, ARTL, WIAQ, president all); journalist (Teleradio, &quot;Vic Eddy&quot;); Dept Labour Exchange (administration) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Toowong, 1925-1936; Annerley, 1943-1977)

* [[/Norman Bruce O'Brien|O'Brien, Norman Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY7H-VPR] - 1912(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2OH Sydney (Coogee, 1932-1937; Randwick, 1938-1939); 2AZH Sydney (Randwick, 1948; Jannali, 1954-1975; Menai, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1072, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Coogee, NSW, 1933-1937; Randwick, NSW, 1943; Coogee, NSW, 1949); public servant (Jannali, NSW, 1954-1972); retired (Blaxland, NSW, 1977; Menai, NSW, 1980)

==='''O'CONNOR'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Connor|O'Connor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Patrick O'Connor|O'Connor, Bernard Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFVX-NDC] - 1918(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 9BP Lae, New Guinea (1948); 9BP Port Moresby, Papua (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2191, 1938, Qld; COCP2 1264, 1953; COCP1 1689, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician's labourer (Rosalie, Qld, 1943); technician (Shorncliff, Qld, 1968-1980)

* [[/John O'Connor|O'Connor, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTB6-2V5] - 1916(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3OD Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1117, 1933, Vic; COCP2 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JOs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''O'DEA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dea|O'Dea, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dea|O'Dea, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXTP-7KL] - 1894(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, AWS) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Melbourne, 1912-1913; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1914-1937); railways (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949); railway employee (Footscray North, Vic, 1963-1977) - Links: [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911842/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-francis-patrick-odea/ AWS]

* [[/Jack Norman O'Dea|O'Dea, Jack Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4X-VXN] - 1910(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2FQ Sydney (Kensington South, 1931-1936); 2FS Sydney (Summer Hill, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 798, 1931, NSW; AOLCP 229, 1965 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maroubra, NSW, 1935-1936; Randwick, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1949-1980)

==='''ODGERS'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Fieldhouse Odgers|Odgers, Norman Fieldhouse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVD-CYK] - 1906(Qld)-1996(WA) - Licences: 4BO or 4BD Brisbane (Newmarket) &amp; Charters Towers (1924-1925); 4NK; 9NK Port Moresby (1946-1948); 6NF Perth (Applecross, 1954-1969; Bassendean, 1975-1980); 4CH - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 896, 1925; 2COCP 212, 1930; 1COCP 108, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; broadcast engineer; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: senior technician (Applecross, 1954-1963); manager (Applecross, 1968); retired (Bassandean, 1972-1980)

==='''O'DONNELL'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Amos Leslie O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Amos Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NW-Q1P] - 1910(SA)-19??(NSW) - Licences: 6DX Perth (City, 1930-1933); 2AGE Sydney (Ashfield, 1938-1939); 2AOO Sydney (Caringbah, 1960; Mona Vale, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 639, 1930, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 515, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (North Perth, WA, 1931); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); education officer (No. 2 W.A.G.S., Parkes, NSW, 1943); engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Francis Alfred O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Francis Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-SH4] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 3ZU Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937-1939); 3ZU Warrnambool (1947-1948); 3ZU Euroa (1954); 3ZU Yarrawonga (1955-1965); 2BFD Griffith (1969); 2QC Dalmeny (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2000, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Gardiner, Vic, 1934-1937); mechanic (Warrnambool, Vic, 1942); technician (Warrnambool, Vic, 1949); telephone technician (Euroa, Vic, 1954); technician (Yarrawonga, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Dalmeny, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Thomas Myles O'Donnell|O'Donnell, Thomas Myles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2TN-XR9] - 1913(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2OD Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1931-1939, 1947-1948; Wahroonga, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 855, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: MBE (1979) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1934-1943); technical officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1949-1980) - Links: [[w:1979_Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours_(Australia)|Wikipedia MBE]

==='''O'DWYER'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Patrick O'Dwyer|O'Dwyer, Francis Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CCF-XGD] - 1909(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3OF Melbourne (Middle Park, 1932-1933; Gardenvale, 1937-1939; Hampton, 1947-1980+); 3AOF Melbourne (Red Hill South, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 880, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Middle Park, Vic, 1931-1936); manufacturer (Gardenvale, Vic, 1937); clothing manufacturer (Sandringham, Vic, 1942; Hampton, Vic, 1949-1968); manufacturer (Hampton, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''OFFEN'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Offen|Offen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ewart Gladstone Offen|Offen, Ewart Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZR3-NSW] - 1894(Vic)-1915(Vic) - Licences: XJDH Melbourne (Middle Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

==='''OGLE'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ogle|Ogle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Victor Ogle|Ogle, George Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY6X-LNX] - 1915(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1798, 1936, Vic; COCP2 604, 1942 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, Vic, 1937-1949); designer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1967; Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

==='''O'HARA'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Hara|O'Hara, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Bernard O'Hara|O'Hara, John Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XM-Y9M] - 1902(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3OH Maryborough (1930-1939); 3OH Yallourn (1946-1948); 3AAO Melbourne (Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 607, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1924); instructor (Maryborough, Vic, 1928); teacher (Kew, Vic, 1934; Maryborough, Vic, 1937; Ballarat, Vic, 1937; Maryborough, Vic, 1943; Warrnambool, Vic, 1954; Maldon, Vic, 1963; Kyneton, Vic, 1967)

==='''OHRBOM'''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Axel Ragnar Ohrbom|Ohrbom, Axel Ragnar &quot;Ray&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WZ-PWJ] - 1903(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Melbourne (Brunswick, 1923-1924); 3OC Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1928; Coburg, 1931-1939; Moreland, 1946-1948; Hartwell, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 421, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Coburg West, Vic, 1949); sharebroker (Camberwell, Vic, 1954-1977); retired (Burwood, Vic, 1977)

===''OLDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olof Lemuel Olden|Olden, Olof Lemuel]] - 1863(Vic)-1939(Vic) - Hobart 1920s, early wireless experimenter, no licence yet identified, amateur operator (pre-AOCP; AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas), radio clubs (WIA Hobart, President, 1924), military (Colonel, WW1), occupation (school master)
===''OLDFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Bernam Oldfield|Oldfield, Frederick Bernam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8YP-9R2] - 1897(Vic)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (1924); 3FB Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1938); 2FE Sydney (Balmoral, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1240, 1934, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Brighton, Vic, 1931; Sandringham, Vic, 1935-1937); journalist (Mosman, NSW, 1943); A.M.F. (Mornington, 1954); tutor (Neutral Bay, 1958)
===''OLDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oldham|Oldham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Oldham|Oldham, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZFK-XBT] - 1902(Tas)-1950(Tas) - Licences: 7XA Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1923, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (New Town, 1936-1949) 

* [[/Fred Oldham|Oldham, Fred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, first president of Hobart Tramways Wireless Club 1905

===''OLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olds|Olds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edgar Clarence Maxton Olds|Olds, Edgar Clarence Maxton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFT6-93D] - 1913(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2BY Broken Hill (1936-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1841, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Broken Hill, NSW, 1934-1943); mine worker (Broken Hill North, NSW, 1949; Broken Hill, NSW, 1954); wireman (Broken Hill, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''O'LEARY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Leary|O'Leary, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher George Benjamin O'Leary|O'Leary, Christopher George Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRYC-2QM] - 1918(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AJP Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2BON Dubbo (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2091, 1938, NSW; COCP2 417, 1941; COCP1 672, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); inspector (Kiama, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1954-1963); radio officer (Dubbo, NSW, 1968); radio staff (Dubbo, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Daniel Fraser O'Leary|O'Leary, Cornelius Daniel Fraser or Daniel Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KN18-4BH] - 1893(SA)-1955(SA) - Licences: 5DO Adelaide (Tusmore Gardens, 1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 495, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Unley, 1939-1941)

===''OLIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oliver|Oliver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dalley George Tryon Oliver|Oliver, Dalley George Tryon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-MMR] - 1888(NSW)-1959(NSW) - wireless experimenter (1924+) 2?? Gunedah, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1943; Keepit Dam, Tamworth, 1949-1954); retired (Condoblin, 1958) - Relationships: brother of 2MO Marcius John Alexander Oliver

* [[/James Greenwood Oliver|Oliver, James Greenwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZF-S79] - 1913(India)-2001(Tas) - Licences: 7JO Latrobe (1939, 1947-1956); 7JO Hobart (New Town, 1960); 7JO Launceston (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2303, 1939, Tas; COCP2 1353, 1958; COCP1 1921, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, POW Japan) - Electoral Rolls: radio sales (Burnie, Tas, 1936); radio mechanic (Devonport, Tas, 1937); radio mechanic (Point Cook, Vic, 1942); orchardist (Latrobe, Tas, 1949); clerk (Latrobe, Tas, 1954); TV technician (Launceston, Tas, 1968-1972)

* [[/Keith William Oliver|Oliver, Keith William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT5Q-NV9] - 1901(Vic)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3GZ South Geelong (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 891, 1932, Vic; AOLCP 150, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Warrnambool, Vic, 1924); mechanic (Geelong, Vic, 1925-1931); radio electrical engineer (Geelong, Vic, 1935-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1958-1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968; Boronia, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Marcius John Alexander Oliver|Oliver, Marcius John Alexander &quot;Marcus&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ8W-M82] - 1875(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 2MO Gunedah (1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 91, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer; radio station proprietor (2MO, 1930-1939); military (air spotters, Port Macquarie) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Gunnedah, 1930-1936; Port Macquarie, 1943) - Relationships: brother of Dalley George Tryon Oliver

===''OLLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olle|Olle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Durrant Olle|Olle, John Durrant]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HS-WSX] - 1910(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 2OZ Sydney (Ashfield, 1929-1939, 1946; Pennant Hills, 1947-1948; Ashfield, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 553, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 321, 1931; 1COCP 197, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Summer Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Ashfield, NSW, 1943); soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); public servant (Mornington, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''OLLIVIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Neil Frances Ollivier|Ollivier, Neil Frances]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQB-VPD] - 1916(WA)-1942(WA) - Licences: 6FO Perth (Hollywood, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1067, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''O'LOUGHLIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Patrick Morgan O'Loughlin|O'Loughlin, Francis Patrick Morgan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6M-Z3Q] - 1902(Qld)-1979(Qld) - Licences: 4OL Brisbane (Red Hill, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1347, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Red Hill, Qld, 1936-1937; Ashgrove, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''OLSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsen|Olsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Vivian Olsen|Olsen, Frederick Vivian &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CP-4XJ] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3FO Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1929-1931; Hampton, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 521, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hampton, 1936-1954; Brighton, 1963; Hampton, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Norman Frederick Olsen|Olsen, Norman Frederick or Frederick Norman (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-8JS] - 1901(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 516, 1920, NSW; 2COCP 59, 1929, NSW; 1COCP 252, 1932 - Nil yet identified - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hurlstone Park, 1934-1937); newsagent (Torwood, 1954-1958); no occupation (Lord Howe Island, 1963-1980)

* [[/Norman Peter Olsen|Olsen, Norman Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BY-444] - 1897(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2YK Newcastle (1924-1925); 2ZX Waratah (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waratah, 1930; Mayfield, 1932); public servant (Redfern, 1932-1933; Kogarah, 1934-1935; Wollongong, 1936-1937; Artarmon, 1943-1949; Kogarah, 1949-1963); nil (Merewether, 1968-1980)
* [[/Olaf Olsen|Olsen, Olaf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QT-69T] - 1878(Norway)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Dalby 1922 (Receive) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engine driver (Dalby, 1913-1943); engineer (Toowoomba, 1949; Redcliffe, 1954; Paddington, 1958-1963)

===''OLSSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Olsson|Olsson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Olsson|Olsson, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7P7-2XP] - 1894(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: XIL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 16th Reinforcements, 1st Battalion, 1915-1917, Discharged after wounded) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943; Carlton, NSW, 1949-1958); accountant (Turner, ACT, 1958-1963; Griffith, ACT, 1968); retired (St Ives, NSW, 1972-1980)

==='''O'MAY'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. W. O'May|O'May, J. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Derwent O'May|O'May, Robert Derwent &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYNF-5NS] - 1903(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); 7OM Hobart (Bellerive, 1924-1927+; Sandy Bay, 1931+; Bellerive, 1947-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 74, 1925, No. ?? in Tas; 3COCP 508, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellerive, 1928-1954)

==='''OPPENHEIM'''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver George Oppenheim|Oppenheim (before WW2) or Oliver (after WW2), Oliver George &quot;Ollie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLSS-S7L] - 1911(Vic)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 3ZX Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1939, 1954); 2AZX Sydney (Coogee, 1955-1961; Lugarno, 1965-1969; Strathfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 580, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); radio engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); company executive (Coogee, NSW, 1958-1963; Lugarno, NSW, 1968); importer (Strathfield, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''O'REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Joseph O'Reilly|O'Reilly, Maurice Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-VMC] - 1866(Irl)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XACI Bathurst (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St Stanilaus College, Bathurst, 1913); rector of college (St John's College, Camperdown, 1930-1933) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/oreilly-maurice-joseph-7918 ADB] 
===''O'ROURKE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Sydney O'Rourke|O'Rourke, John Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJP-ZW4] - 1918(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 4OR Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1937-1939); 4SO Brisbane (Margate Beach, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2042, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Norman Park, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Newmarket, Qld, 1949); engineer (Margate, Qld, 1954-1977)

===''ORR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orr|Orr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Murray Donald Orr|Orr, Murray Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-H29] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Vic) - Licences: 3OR Lake Meran (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 440, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1940-1941) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Lake Meran, 1924-1934) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/orr-murray-donald-1700/] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''ORVAD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Orvad|Orvad, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederic Maurice Orvad|Orvad, Frederic or Frederick Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKS-1HH] - 1905(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2AHX Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Miranda, 1954-1965; Point Clare, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1977, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1000, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bankstown, NSW, 1930-1936; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Miranda, NSW, 1954-1963); PMG technician (Point Clare, NSW, 1972)

===''OSBORNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osborne|Osborne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles George Osborne|Osborne, Charles George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBM-SJN] - 1900(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3JL Melbourne (Hartwell, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1173, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CGO, engineer, Glenferrie - Electoral Rolls: Camberwell, Vic, 1924; Hartwell, Vic, 1925-1937; Hawthorn, Vic, 1942; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1968); retired (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Jeffrey David Osborne|Osborne, Jeffrey David &quot;Jeff&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

* [[/Louis Frederick George Osborne|Osborne, Louis Frederick George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GF-MGZ] - 1900(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3DD Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DD Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1926); 3BMO Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gas fitter (Malvern East, 1922-1926); inspector (Carnegie, 1931-1977)

===''OSBURNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Osburne|Osburne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Bolivar Laing Osburne|Osburne, George Bolivar Laing &quot;Laing&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MFY2-F9W] - 1896(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: XKJ Terang (1913-1914); 3BG Terang (1922-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 235, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comments: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: student (Terang, 1922-1931) - TroveTag:&quot;XKJ-3BG - George Bolivar Laing Osburne&quot; - Links: [https://westerndistrictfamilies.com/tag/laing/ Mother's bio]

===''O'SHANNASSY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Augustin O'Shannassy|O'Shannassy, John Augustin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ9M-5S1] - 1921(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2292, 1939, Vic; COCP1 314, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1949-1963); chartered engineer (Donvale, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''O'SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Bernard Bartholomew O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Charles Bernard Bartholomew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WX-1Z4] - 1914(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2ALV Sydney (Cronulla, 1939); 2VX Sydney (Leichhardt, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 47, 1935; COCP1 84, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Sutherland, NSW, 1936-1937); aeradio operator (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Sylvania, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Jeremiah Charles O'Sullivan|O'Sullivan, Jeremiah Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9B-8KX] - 1912(Qld)-1943(At sea, off Brisbane) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1947, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Corporal) - Electoral Rolls: none stated (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1936-1937); clerk (Ingham, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10285977 AWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1682675 AWM Roll of Honour]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/642095 VWMA]; [https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/92271-a.h.s.-centaur-memorial AHS Centaur Memorial]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/blog/the-sinking-of-the-centaur AHS Centaur] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''OSWALD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oswald|Oswald, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Geoffrey Oswald|Oswald, Allan or Allen Geoffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGJL-K71] - 1909(SA)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2AEF Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939, 1946-1958; Carrs Park, 1960; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 237, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1972); mechanic (Rockdale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''OTHEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles James Othen|Othen, Charles James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRHF-H8Y] - 1897(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: XVT Adelaide (Glanville, 1913); 5AS Receive Adelaide (1923); 5ON Adelaide (Hindmarsh, 1954-1956; Eden Hills, 1960-1969; Blackwood, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3385, 1953, SA - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Hindmarsh, SA, 1939-1943)

===''O'TOOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ian O'Toole|O'Toole, Ian]] - Licences: 2ZIO Sydney (Adamstown Heights, 1969; North Rocks, 1975; Castle Hill, 1980) - amateur operator; historian (amateur, military communications); proprietor Kurrajong Radio Museum - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/archive/museum/ Kurrajong Radio Museum]

===''OTTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Otty|Otty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Shannon Otty|Otty, William Shannon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2F-7J1] - 1893(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2ZL Killingworth (1923-1931); 2ZL Toronto (1933-1975); 2ZL Fennell's Bay (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 219, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Toronto, 1937-1954); retired (Toronto, 1958-1980)

===''OUTTRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Outtrim|Outtrim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Outtrim|Outtrim, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFD4-7CM] - 1906(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1934-1939); 2EX Newnes Junction (1946-1948); 2EX Springwood (1950-1975); 2EX Sydney (Richmond, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1333, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: porter (Richmond, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Milsons Point, NSW, 1943); assistant station Master (Newnes Junction, NSW, 1949; Springwood, NSW, 1954-1968); station master (Springwood, NSW, 1972-1977); retired (Richmond, NSW, 1980)

===''OVERLACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Overlack|Overlack, Peter]] - early wireless historian [https://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval_Networks_Dominance_of_Comms_in_Maritime_Ops.pdf &quot;The Struggle for the Australian Airwaves: The Strategic Function of Radio for Germany in the Asia-Pacific Region before World War I&quot;]

===''OWEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Owen|Owen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Chester Owen|Owen, Chester]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MZ3G-H47] - 1899(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Receive Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923); 3ZM Melbourne (St Kilda, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balaclava, 1921; St Kilda, 1922-1926); engineer (St Kilda, 1928; Caulfield, 1931); mechanic (Caulfield, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Echuca, 1943-1972)

* [[/Robert Howell Owen|Owen, Robert Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN15-PXN] - 1894(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: XMB Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Melbourne West, 1914-1915; Northcote, Vic, 1919-1963)

* [[/Stanley Wainwright Owen|Owen, Stanley Wainwright]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDV9-BP2] - 1912(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 6RX Perth (Mt Lawley, 1930-1931); 2RX Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1948-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 716, 1930, No. ?? in WA; 2COCP 436, 1933; 1COCP 340, 1933; TVOCP 40, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1937-1958); television engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1963-1968); engineer (Wollstonecraft, 1972-1977; Artarmon, 1980)

===''OXENFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Oxenford|Oxenford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Laurence Gilbert Oxenford|Oxenford, Laurence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2J8-WFS] - 1911(Eng)-1995(Qld) - Licences: 2ACH Sydney (Ashfield, 1937; Lewisham, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified England?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1968; Isle of Capri, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''OXENHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Justinian Oxenham|Oxenham, Justinian]] - 1860(Qld)-1932(Vic) - senior federal public servant (Secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)
===''OXLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Oxlade|Oxlade, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCK-H1C] - 1907(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4GO Brisbane (Newmarket, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 229, 1926, No. 19 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Chermside, 1937-1943; Maroochydore, 1954; Wavell Heights, 1958), contractor (Chermside, 1963-1980)

=='''P'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''PACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pace|Pace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Young Pace|Pace, Reginald Young]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJ7-43F] - 1903(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Donald (1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 268, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Donald, Vic, 1925-1937); wireless officer (Northcote, Vic, 1942; Thornbury, Vic, 1949); public servant (Preston, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''PACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pacey|Pacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harman Pacey|Pacey, William Harman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G95V-4BM] - 1907(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Receive Adamstown (1923); 2WV Sydney (Abbotsford, 1934-1936; Lane Cove, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1, 1934; COCP1 144, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (New Lambton, NSW, 1930); police constable (Abbotsford, NSW, 1933-1934; Lane Cove, NSW, 1936-1937; Strathfield, NSW, 1943-1954); no occupation (Dangar Island, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''PADULA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Padula|Padula, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Vincenzo John Padula|Padula, Robert Vincenzo John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYR-3WC] - 1939(Vic)-Living - Licences: 3ZFU Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 1718, 1939, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''PAECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paech|Paech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Leonard Paech|Paech, Robert Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6DL-76D] - 1920(SA)-1963(SA) - Licences: 5RL Adelaide (Underdale, 1936-1939, 1947-1948); 5LP Adelaide (Seacombe Gardens, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1626, 1936, SA; 2COCP 279, 1939; BOCP 371, 1941; 1COCP 810, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Page|Page, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Frank Dutton Page|Page, Benjamin Frank Dutton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNRJ-PBT] - 1910(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3GX Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931; Surrey Hills, 1933); 3XG Birregurra (1937-1938); 3XG Kaniva (1947-1948); 3XG Melbourne (East Kew, 1954; Kilsyth, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 728, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931; Birregurra, Vic, 1935-1937); bank officer (Kaniva, Vic, 1949; Kew North, Vic, 1954; Kilsyth, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leslie Nevison Page|Page, Leslie Nevison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSBX-CRV] - 1920(Qld)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 4LP Brisbane (New Farm, 1937-1939; Brisbane City, 1947); 2NB Sydney (Potts Point, 1954); 2LP Sydney (St Ives, 1955-1961; Epping, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1931, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Callsign: 2NB may have been withdrawn for 2NB Broken Hill - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ascot, Qld, 1928-1929) (too young for 1920 birth, must be a namesake); radio technician (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (St Ives, NSW, 1958); manager (St Ives, NSW, 1963); electronics engineer (Epping, NSW, 1968; Eastwood, NSW, 1972)

===''PAGET''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Ernest Paget|Paget, Harold Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDTK-ZBF] - 1904(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Brisbane City, Qld, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Valley, Qld, 1925-1926); postal sorter (Ashgrove, Qld, 1928-1949); mail officer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PAICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paice|Paice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald Cameron Paice|Paice, Donald Cameron &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8KD-2FT] - 1932(Vic)-2018(Vic) - Licences: 3ADP Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 3055, 1950, Vic - amateur operator - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Moonee Ponds, 1954; Mt Waverley, 1963-1980) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 2AJ Valentine Keith Paice

* [[/Valentine Keith Paice|Paice, Valentine Keith &quot;Val&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K3-5T6] - 1904(NZ)-1977(???) - Licences: ZL1AJ (Z1AJ) 1925-1926; VQ1AJ (OO1AJ) Fanning Island (1926-1928); 2AJ (VK2AJ) Sydney 1929; OA4V Peru (1929) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Ashbury, NSW, 1930) - Relationships: rare surname but seems not closely related to 3ADP Donald Cameron Paice

===''PALIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palin|Palin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Vyse Palin|Palin, Herbert Vyse]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTTH-FWR] - 1896(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3PB Melbourne (Armadale, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified); WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1919; Albert Park, Vic, 1921-1926); expert (Malvern, Vic, 1931); motor mechanic (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1943; Orrong, Vic, 1954); engineer (West Rosebud, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''PALK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palk|Palk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Brian Arthur Broomfield Palk|Palk, Brian Arthur Broomfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1WL-SHX] - 1923(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5FQ Adelaide (Somerton, 1947-1948; Marino, 1954-1956; Hawthorndene, 1960-1969; Mylor, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2420, 1939, SA; BOCP 465, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PALMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Palmer|Palmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Frederick Thomas Palmer|Palmer, George Frederick Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2CR-RXJ] - 1909(Vic)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 3RU Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: director (Balwyn, Vic, 1931-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); bus proprietor (Yarraville, Vic, 1942; Footscray, Vic, 1949-1954); executive (Williamstown, Vic, 1963); drvr (Margate, Qld, 1972); travel executive (Surfers Paradise, Qld, 1968; Rio Vista, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Norman William Palmer|Palmer, Norman William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6M-JWB] - 1912(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2425, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1972); cashier (Victoria Point, Qld, 1972-1980)

===''PARADISE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Harry Elliker Paradise|Paradise, Eric Harry Elliker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3M-D75] - 1904(Qld)-1939(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Stones Corner, Qld, 1925-1937)
===''PARASIERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Isidore Percy Robert Parasiers|Parasiers, Isidore Percy Robert &quot;Robert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9Y-8B1] - 1902(SA)-1972(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (City, 1932-1933; Glandore, 1937-1939); 6PS Perth (Inglewood, 1947); 5RF Adelaide (Glandore, 1948); 5RF Murray Bridge (1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 952, 1932, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 283, 1936; BOCP 132, 1937; 2COCP 256, 1939; 1COCP 330, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Norman Paris|Paris, James Norman &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXWR-B1W] - 1910(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: &quot;WIA-L5006&quot; Adelaide (Prospect, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; prominent broadcast listener (1950s, 1960s); clubs (Australian DX Radio Club (SA); Southern Cross DX Club) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PARISH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hugh Radcliffe Parish|Parish, Hugh Radcliffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCDL-Y23] - 1914(Tas)-1973(Tas) - Licences: 7CP Launceston (1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1070, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 189, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Burnie, 1936-1937); manager (Winnaleah, 1943-1949); radio executive (Launceston, 1954)
===''PARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles William Park|Park, John Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVC-N4N] - 1904(Eng)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6BB Perth (South Perth, 1924-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 794, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (South Perth, 1943-1949); radiographer (South Perth, 1958-1980)
===''PARKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parker|Parker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Bruce Parker|Parker, Eric Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LW15-WJT] - 1896(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XML Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces, Army 2nd AIF) - Electoral Rolls: architect (St Kilda East, 1917-1919); carpenter (St Kilda East, Vic, 1924-1927); agent (St Kilda East, Vic, 1931-1936); manager (South Yarra, Vic, 1937); soldier (Armadale, Vic, 1943-1949); clerk (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1954)

* [[/Geoffrey John Parker|Parker, Geoffrey John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRX2-5NG] - 1919(Eng)-2014(NSW) - Licences: 2AHO Sydney (Rockdale, 1937-1939; Ryde, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1984, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Ryde, NSW, 1949-1980) 

* [[/Henry Race Parker|Parker, Henry Race &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPFY-PXZ] - 1876(???)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2UY Receive Sydney (North Sydney, 1923); 1628 Sydney (Paddington, 1923) - cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: drainer (Paddington, 1936-1949)

* [[/Keith Cyril Parker|Parker, Keith Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KDSK-X2P] - 1912(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5PA Port Pirie (1933); 5SO Port Elliot (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 348, 1931; 1COCP 213, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1943); radio technician (Fiskville, Vic, 1949-1963; Bassendean, WA, 1968); manager (Cairns, Qld, 1977)

* [[/Kenneth Herbert Parker|Parker, Kenneth Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTM1-Q5G] - 1905(WA)-1994(WA) - Licences: 6KP Meekatharra (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1192, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mining register (Meekatharra, WA, 1931-1937); resident magistrate (Cue, WA, 1943; Geraldton, WA, 1943); stipendary magistrate (Northam, WA, 1949); magistrate (Mt Pleasant, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1963; Applecross, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/Philip Selwyn Parker|Parker, Philip Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMZ-1XD] - 1903(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: 2CY Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922); 2CM Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1923, briefly then reverted to 2CY); 2CY Sydney (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1930-1931; Pymble, NSW, 1943) - Identification: Not yet confidently identified

* [[/Ronald Alexander Parker|Parker, Ronald Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ23-6BM] - 1908(Vic)-1984(Qld) - Licences: 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1926); 3RA Bendigo (1927); 3RA Melbourne (Canterbury, 1931-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939); 4PT Southport (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 213, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1931); accountant (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); secretary (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); retired (Southport, Qld, 1980)

===''PARR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parr|Parr, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John George Ashton Parr|Parr, John George Ashton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-22T] - 1908(NSW)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3OM Melbourne (Canterbury, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 646, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1931-1943); engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1949; Brunswick, Vic, 1949-1963; Melbourne City, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''PARRIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parris|Parris, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Charles Parris|Parris, Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2FL-1L9] - 1912(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2AIH Dungog (1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2043, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948; Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Stroud, NSW, 1935; Dungod, NSW, 1936-1937); radio serviceman (Dungog, NSW, 1943); telephone technician (Newcastle, NSW, 1949; Waratah, NSW, 1954)

* [[/John Edward Parris|Parris, John Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMP-68F] - 1899(Eng)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2DN Deniliquin (1932-1938); 2DN Dungog (1938-1939); 2DN Deniliquin (1939); 2WM Parkes (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 905, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 15, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: gardener (Tunstall, Vic, 1924-1925; Skipton, Vic, 1925-1926); steward (RS&amp;SILA Club, Deniliquin, NSW, 1930-1937); radio station manager (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1968); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PARRY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Alchorne Parry|Parry, Charles Alchorne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8J-BGL] - 1916(Qld)-2009(USA) - Licences: 4CP Gordonvale (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1441, 1935, Qld; BOCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Education: PhD - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Cairns, Qld, 1937); engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943)

===''PARSONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Parsons|Parsons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Adin Bega Parsons|Parsons, Raymond Adin Bega]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L56Z-CNT] - 1906(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2AIG Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2044, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1933); police constable (Randwick, 1934-1963)

* [[/Warwick William Parsons|Parsons, Warwick William or William Warwick (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2L4-5ZC]- 1903(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PS Adelaide (City, 1933; Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Rose Park, 1954-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1147, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

===''PARTRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Partridge|Partridge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Danvers Partridge|Partridge, Geoffrey Danvers]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDV-FL4] - 1914(NSW)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2VU Singleton (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1721, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Singleton, NSW, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Singleton, NSW, 1949-1977); retired (Singleton, NSW, 1980)

* [[/George James William Partridge|Partridge, George James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56F-BDB] - 1909(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GP Sydney (Marrickville, 1934-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1392, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1923-1946) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''PATERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paterson|Paterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Charles Paterson|Paterson, George Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRP6-JYW] - 1920(NSW)-2018(NSW)98yo - Licences: 2AHJ Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946-1957; North Ryde, 1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1971, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1954); television technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (North Ryde, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Paul Pryde Paterson|Paterson, Paul Pryde]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-LPF] - 1915(WA)-1942(PNG) - Licences: 6PP Wiluna (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1961, 1937, WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 24 Squadron, Flight Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/paterson-paul-pryde-260515/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Raymund Gordon Paterson|Paterson, Raymund or Raymond Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CH-7RX] - 1903(Vic)-1996(Canada) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 506, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Glenferrie, 1926-1928)

===''PATON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paton|Paton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Charles Ninion Paton|Paton, Clifford Charles Ninion]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZX-G4Z] - 1917(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2ACT Sydney (North Wollstonecraft, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1607, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1949; Ryde, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/James Wright Alexander Paton|Paton, James Wright Alexander &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5V2-CD1] - 1916(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2VQ Sydney (Artarmon, 1934-1939; Avalon Beach, 1946-1947; Manly, 1948-1950; Balgowlah, 1954; Manly, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1287, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; RANVR, Sub-lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Artarmon, NSW, 1943); company director (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1949); manager (Balgowlah, NSW, 1954; Fairlight, NSW, 1958-1968); consultant (Manly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PATTERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Patterson|Patterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Campbell Patterson|Patterson, Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9Y1-GDH] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5XR Naracoorte (1933-1939); 5XR Peterborough (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1097, 1933, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Naracoorte, 1939); electrician (Quorn, 1941-1943)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1909(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1947-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, WA, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/James Brown Patterson|Patterson, James Brown]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTW-WDY] - 1833(Eng)-1895(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Politician, briefly Premier of Victoria (1893-1894), Postmaster-General Vic (July 1878 - March 1880) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Patterson|Patterson, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRHV-CLN] - 1917(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AFG Sydney (Waverley, 1936-1939; Woollahra, 1946-1950; Bondi Junction, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1756, 1936, NSW; BOCP 900, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); laboratory assistant (Woollahra, NSW, 1949-1954); engineer (Woollahra, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Watsons Bay, NSW, 1963-1972); grazier (Bowral, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Walter Patterson|Patterson, Raymond Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTB-83T] - 1906(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2AJW Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Killara, 1939; Roseville, 1946-1961; Avalon Beach, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2092, 1938, NSW; BOCP 1480, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: commercial traveller (Mosman, NSW, 1930); radio technician (Mosman, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1934-1935); sales manager (Roseville, NSW, 1936-1937); sales engineer (Roseville, NSW, 1943-1954); TV engineer (Avalon, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert Charles William Ingram Patterson|Patterson, Robert Charles William Ingram &quot;Charles Ingram&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5T-2Q4] - 1910(Vic)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 3YP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1927-1939; Eaglemont, 1946-1954); 4YP Brisbane (Fig Tree Pocket, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 352, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: station hand (Mundabullangana, 1931-1937); agent (Fig Tree Pocket, 1958-1968)

===''PAUL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paul|Paul, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leo Anthony Paul|Paul, Leo Anthony]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZQJ-C8P] - 1905(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JQ Receive Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1922-1923); 3LP Melbourne (Fitzroy, 1924-1937; Preston, 1938-1939); 3XO Melbourne (Fairfield, 1948-1960; Thornbury, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 15, 1924, No. 6 in Vic) - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Fitzroy, 1927-1936)

===''PAXTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Paxton|Paxton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest John Paxton|Paxton, Ernest John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMM-WZY] - 1910(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AKD Sydney (Killara, 1938-1939; Lindfield East, 1946-1947; Killara, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2140, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Chatswood, NSW, 1930; Killara, NSW, 1933-1937); optometrist (East Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Killara, NSW, 1954-1968); salesman (Killara, NSW, 1972)

===''PAYNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payne|Payne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Ernest Tyndall Payne|Payne, Alfred Ernest Tyndall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBX3-LQN] - 1872(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3PP Melbourne (Toorak, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (?, Captain) - Electoral Rolls: independent means (Toorak, Vic, 1905-1937); stock breeder (&quot;Yarra View&quot;, Lilydale, Vic, 1943-1954)

* [[/George H. Payne|Payne, George H.]] - 19??(???)-1987(Qld) - 4NEV Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 1946+, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, hon. secretary; WIAQ, president, assoc. members section)

* [[/John Payne|Payne, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSL-41Q] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2IN Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922); 2IN Sydney (Randwick, 1923-1927; Kensington, 1928-1930)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: insurance department manager (Kensington, 1930-1931); secretary (Kensington, 1933)

* [[/Reginald Lewis Payne|Payne, Reginald Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZG9-HFF] - 1898(Vic)-1946(Vic) - Licences: 3RP Geelong (Newtown, 1924-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 225, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Newtown, 1919-1921); telegraphist (Newtown, 1922-1942) (check XJM R. Payne, Armadale for relationship)

===''PAYTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Payter|Payter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph William Payter|Payter, Joseph William]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - early telephone experimenter in Melbourne, mechanic in Vic Posts &amp; Telegraphs (one of James Smibert's &quot;Williamstown boys&quot;)

===''PEAKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peake|Peake, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Griffith Peake|Peake, John Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPBK-LL8] - 1896(NSW)-1966(USA) - Licences: XIT Sydney (Summer Hill, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 6th Rifles, Gunner, 1916-1920) - Electoral Rolls: chemical engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1932-1937; Turramurra, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''PEARCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearce|Pearce, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Conjola Pearce|Pearce, Arthur Conjola]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR2K-ZFR] - 1919(NSW)-2009(Tas) - Licences: 2AHB Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Five Dock, 1948-1950; Leichhardt, 1954-1958; Dee Why, 1960-1961; Church Point, 1965, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1968, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1949); radio tradesman (Leichhardt, NSW, 1954); clerk (Dee Why West, NSW, 1958; Church Point, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Edward Ronald Pearce|Pearce, Edward Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR3M-7YJ] - 1916(Vic)-2004(WA) - Licences: 6TP Perth (North Perth, 1936-1939, 1948; Mt Hawthorn, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1757, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (North Perth, WA, 1937); engineer (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1977); retired (Coolbinia, WA, 1980)

* [[/Henry Robert James Pearce|Pearce, Henry Robert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY5X-NLN] - 1899(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3EN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1773, 1936, Vic; BOCP 484, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1977)

* [[/William Pearce|Pearce, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5JR-MSY] - 1913(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Cessnock (1934-1939); 2CW Newcastle (Mayfield, 1946-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1296, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WPs - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cessnock, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Mayfield, NSW, 1943-1963); telecommunications technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1968); telephone technician (Mayfield, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''PEARN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Leslie Pearn|Pearn, William Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCKW-JRW] - 1896(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5PN Adelaide (Sturt Park, 1934-1939; Wayville West, 1947-1948; Unley, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1378, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Unley, SA, 1939-1941)

===''PEARSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pearson|Pearson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Pearson|Pearson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2J5-YMZ] - 1910(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2KD Temora (1932-1939); 2KD Sydney (Belmore, 1946-1948; Herne Bay, 1950-1960; Riverwood, 1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 972, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Temora, NSW, 1934-1937); railway employee (Armidale, NSW, 1943; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954-1958; Riverwood, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Eric Harry Pearson|Pearson, Eric Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-9GQ] - 1917(NSW)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1613, 1936, Qld; COCP2 70, 1936; COCP1 110, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Normanton, Qld, 1941; Cloncurry, Qld, 1943); farmer (Karragarra Island, Qld, 1954); representative (Chelmer, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/Ian Richman Pearson|Pearson, Ian Richman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD3-4LF] - 1908(Vic)-1972(Tas) - Licences: 3SP Melbourne (Berwick, 1929-1931); 7KB Burnie (1948-1965); 7KB Port Sorell (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 528, 1929, Vic; AOCP 2661, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Deer Park, Vic, 1936-1937); medical practitioner (Burnie, Tas, 1949-1954)

* [[/Leonard Frank Pearson|Pearson, Leonard Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99VY-QVV] - 1904(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3PI Melbourne (Preston, 1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1660, 1936, Vic; COCP1 171, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Benalla, Vic, 1925); telegraphist (Williamstown, Vic, 1927; Preston, Vic, 1928-1949; Reservoir, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''PECK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peck|Peck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Leslie Peck|Peck, Herbert Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCL-QKN] - 1879(NSW)-1945(NSW) - Licences: XGJ Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PEDDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peddell|Peddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Peddell|Peddell, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-L1J] - 1906(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2MP Sydney (North Sydney, 1931); 2KN West Kempsey (1948); 2KN Sydney (Herne Bay, 1950-1954; Gymea Bay, 1955-1957); 2XO Sydney (Carlton, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 138, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio (Artarmon, NSW, 1930); radio telegraphist (Narrabeen, NSW, 1931; Mona Vale, NSW, 1933-1937); radio operator (Cloncurry, Qld, 1941); radio officer (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949; Herne Bay, NSW, 1954); public servant (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1958-1963; Archerfield, Qld, 1963; Carlton, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pedding|Pedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Frederick Pedding|Pedding, William Frederick or Smith, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBFV-KCC] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3WU Melbourne (Carlton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2121, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PEELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peell|Peell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Peell|Peell, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3T-Q6W] - 1901(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2CE Receive Sydney (Summer Hill, 1922-1923); 2WJ Sydney (Summer Hill, 1928-1930; Maroubra, 1931-1939, 1946; Kingsford, 1947-1950; Bringelly, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 593, 1920; COCP1 287, 1932 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); radio operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1943; Kingsford, NSW, 1949-1954); manager (OTC Radio Station, Bringelly, NSW, 1958-1963)

===''PELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Pell|Pell, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLT-FXD] - 1892(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XJE Melbourne (Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 83, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, No 1 Pack Wireless Signal Corp) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (St Kilda East, Vic, 1917); electrical engineer (Glenferrie, Vic, 1919); engineer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1937); district engineer (Essendon North, Vic, 1942); electrical engineer (Greensborough, Vic, 1949); nil (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/214472 VWMA]

===''PELLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pelling|Pelling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Charles Frederick Law Pelling|Pelling, John Charles Frederick Law &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-176] - 1908(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6WO Moojebing (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1213, 1933, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Dumbleyung, WA, 1931); farmer (Moojebing, WA, 1936-1943; King River, WA, 1949-1968)

===''PEMBERTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pemberton|Pemberton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Thurston Pemberton|Pemberton, Stanley Thurston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9YR-CR4] - 1911(Eng)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2SP Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939; Ashbury, 1946-1948; Connells Point, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 848, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); draftsman (Petersham, NSW, 1943; Ashfield, NSW, 1949; Hurstville, NSW, 1954-1963; Connells Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PEMBLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pembleton|Pembleton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Edward Pembleton|Pembleton, Thomas Edward &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HP-JDF] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4ZL Rockhampton (1936-1939;1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1600, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, 1936-1943); turner (Rockhampton North, 1949-1980)

===''PENNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Penny|Penny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Langford Penny|Penny, William Langford &quot;Bill&quot; &quot;Uncle Bud&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZX-BSG] - 1906(Qld)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2GU Sydney (Woolwich, 1933; Northbridge, 1934); 2GU Tamworth (1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 884, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 175, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hamilton, NSW, 1930; Merewether, NSW, 1932; Kensington, NSW, 1932; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1935); radio dealer (Tamworth, NSW, 1936-1937)

===''PEPPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pepper|Pepper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ralph Campbell Pepper|Pepper, Ralph Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC93-1MN] - 1905(NSW)-1984(Qld) - Licences: N742 Receive Tamworth (1922); 2HV Receive Tamworth (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tamworth, 1930; Maroubra, 1931; Artarmon, 1934-1949; Newmarket, Qld, 1954-1972; Alderley, 1977-1980)

===''PEPPERCORN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Peppercorn|Peppercorn, Albert Edward or Edward Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWP-Y9W] - 1918(NSW)-2012(ACT)93yo - Licences: 2QJ Sydney (Bexley, 1936-1939, 1946-1950); 5TP Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1960); 6GX Perth (Scarborough, 1965); 1AEP Canberra (Curtin, 1969-1975; Downer, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1765, 1936, NSW; BOCP 157, 1938; COCP1 789, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Warialda, NSW, 1943); radio operator (Bexley, NSW, 1949); radio officer (Lawson, NSW, 1949); technician (Scarborough, WA, 1963); electronics technician (Curtin, ACT, 1968); technical officer (Curtin, ACT, 1972); technician (Downer, ACT, 1977-1980)

===''PERDRIAU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perdriau|Perdriau, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Carter Perdriau|Perdriau, Henry Carter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D9-L79] - 1895(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: XHC Sydney (1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Relationships: cousin of 2ZR William James Stanley Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: manager (Chatswood, 1930-1936; Roseville, 1943-1954)

* [[/William James Stanley Perdriau|Perdriau, William James Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTH6-8LS] - 1885(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Manly, 1923); 2ZR Sydney (Manly, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: cousin of XHC Henry Carter Perdriau - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Manly, 1930-1943)

===''PERKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perkin|Perkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Perkin|Perkin, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2L-L3T] - 1900(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EP Rochester (1932-1939); 3EP Bendigo (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1024, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Rochester, Vic, 1922-1937); watchmaker (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1977)

===''PEROOZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perooz|Perooz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Percy Perooz|Perooz, James Percy or Jumah Percy &quot;Khan&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH5-966] - 1913(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2PE Bourke (1931-1939); 2PE Woy Woy (1946); 2PE Sydney (Epping, 1947-1948; Padstow, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 856, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 436, 1942; COCP1 624, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bourke, NSW, 1937); wireless mechanic (Epping, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Padstow, NSW, 1949-1980);

===''PERREY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Litchfield Perrey|Perrey, Alexander Litchfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZVM-9P9] - 1898(SA)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 5LP Strathalbyn (1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 99, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PERRY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Perry|Perry, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Walter Perry|Perry, Clement Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWM5-85V] - 1896(SA)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2AMH Sydney (Penshurst, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2299, 1939, NSW; BOCP 239, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 13th Reinforcements 3rd Battalion, 1915-1920, incl signals school; attended British School of Telegraphy, Clapham, 1919) - Electoral Rolls: drilling machinist (enlistment, 1915); telephone mechanic (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1935; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Station 2CR, Cumnock, NSW, 1943-1949); supervising technician (Manly, NSW, 1949; Station 2NR, Lawrence, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Grafton, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Umina, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Malcolm Francis Cole Perry|Perry, Malcolm Francis Cole]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L679-XR2] - 1891(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: XCP Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914); 2DG Receive Sydney (Randwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Randwick, 1930-1937); editor (Randwick, 1943-1949; Coogee, 1954-1958); counsellor (Hazelbrook, 1958-1963) - TroveTag: &quot;XCP-2DG - Malcolm Francis Cole Perry&quot;

* [[/Roy Edwin Perry|Perry, Roy Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYP-NBP] - 1912(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3OV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1939); 3OU Melbourne (Carnegie North, 1947-1954; Chadstone, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1204, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937; Malvern East, Vic, 1942-1968; Chadstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peters|Peters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Frederick Peters|Peters, Arthur Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CZ-SK2] - 1897(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 2EU Receive Sydney (Rose Bay, 1922); 2EU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1918) - Relationships: Uncle of 2ER Wallace George Haydn Best - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rose Bay, 1930-1933); carpenter (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1963); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles William Peters|Peters, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56G-DNM] - 19??(???)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2SV Sydney (Roseville, 1934-1935; Lindfield, 1936-1938; Roseville, 1939; Artarmon, 1946-1950; Ryde, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1390, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clovelly, NSW, 1930-1933; Lindfield, NSW, 1935); process worker (Lindfield, NSW, 1936-1943); mechanic (Artarmon, NSW, 1949); electrician + Eva (Ryde, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Henry Zornig Peters|Peters, Henry Zornig &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L4XX-HBC] - 1908(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4ZP Maryborough (1937-1939); 4ZP Sarina (1947-1956); 4ZP Cooroy (1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1978, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Yerra via Maryborough, Qld, 1936-1937; Sarina, 1943); farmer (Cooroy, 1963-1980)

* [[/Keith Francis Peters|Peters, Keith Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DB-HNB] - 1918(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3AKP Stawell (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2365, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Horsham, Vic, 1942); linesman (Stawell, Vic, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1963); television mechanic (Stawell, Vic, 1968); TV serviceman (Stawell, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PETERSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petersen|Petersen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Marzanti Petersen|Petersen, Thomas William Marzanti &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LX-VR8] - 1919(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4FY Brisbane (Cooparoo Heights, 1939, 1946-1947); 4YO Moreton Island (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2321, 1939, Qld; BOCP 1070, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (WW2, Army, 2AIF, 1940-1947); employment (Hills TV service); business proprietor (Advance Radio, Wynnum Radio Repairs) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Camp Hill, Qld, 1949); mill worker (Bargara, Qld, 1954); no occupation (Wynnum, Qld, 1958-1972); technician (Wynnum, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''PETERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Peterson|Peterson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Michael Peterson|Peterson, Adrian Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LN-L7Z] - 1931(SA)-Living - Licences: KA9YPQ; N9GWY - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - president (Adventist World Radio); assembled one of the world's largest collections of broadcast QSL cards, now housed at NFSA; broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1940s through 2020s); historian (broadcast, amateur, utility) - Electoral Rolls: student (A. M. College, Cooranbong, NSW, 1954) - Relationships: Son of Frank Walter Peterson - Links: [https://www.ontheshortwaves.com/Wavescan/wavescan.html Wavescan]; [https://radiodx.com/articles/dxer-profiles-m-to-q/adrian-peterson/ NZRDXL Autobiography]

* [[/Frank Walter Peterson|Peterson, Frank Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJN5-8YB] - 1911(SA)-2011(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast DXer (MW &amp; SW, 1920s though 1950s); early collector of broadcast QSLs 1920s &amp; 1930s - Comment: QSL collection survives as part of the Adrian Peterson QSL collection at NFSA - Relationships: Father of Adrian Michael Peterson - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Harold Franz Peterson|Peterson, Harold Franz]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XJ-CV1] - 1888(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HP Sydney (Coogee, 1930-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 617, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Coogee, 1930-1958)

* [[/Rupert Clarence Peterson|Peterson, Rupert Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87D-VJ3] - 1910(Vic)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 7AZ Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1922-1923); Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923-1924); 3PT Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 401, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 96, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Moonee Ponds, 1931-1937; Caulfield, 1942-1949; Ivanhoe, 1954-1977); retired (Merimbula, 1980)

* [[/Walter Peterson|Peterson, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QP Melbourne (Toorak, 1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 689, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kew, 1925); telephone engineer (Kew, 1926-1928); engineer (Toorak, 1931-1937); secretary (Lilydale, 1943-1954); electrical instrument maker (Collingwood North, 1967-1968) - several contemporaneous WPs

* [[/Walter Martin Peterson|Peterson, Walter Martin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDRD-G6B] - 1910(WA)-1978(WA) - Licences: 6LW Perth (West Perth, 1937; East Perth, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; City, 1954-1956; City Beach, 1960-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1864, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Balcatta, WA, 1931-1936; North Perth, WA, 1937; East Perth, WA, 1937-1943); radio engineer (East Perth, WA, 1949-1958); lecturer (City Beach, WA, 1963-1977)

===''PETITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petith|Petith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Raymond Frederick Petith|Petith, Joseph Raymond Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7XP-M1W] - 1905(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2PH Sydney (Homebush, 1932-1939; Auburn, 1946-1969; Guildford, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 949, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Homebush, NSW, 1936); lead worker (Auburn, NSW, 1943-1949; Lidcombe, NSW, 1954-1963); varnish maker (Guildford, NSW, 1980)

===''PETRUCHENIA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valentine Vincent Petruchenia|Petruchenia, Valentine Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-PR1] - 1915(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3DT Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1948-1954); 2VS Sydney (Turramurra, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 776, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1937-1942; Moonee Ponds, 1949-1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PETTITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pettitt|Pettitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Seymour Bevin Pettitt|Pettitt, Walter Seymour Bevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XW-VJY] - 1906(NZ)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2YD Sydney (Rhodes, 1933-1939; North Strathfield, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1237, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1920+) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rhodes, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (North Strathfield, NSW, 1943; Concord, NSW, 1949)

===''PHELPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phelps|Phelps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Phelps|Phelps, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8D5-97G] - 1912(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DL Sydney (Canterbury, 1931-1939, 1946; Ashbury, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 769, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashbury, 1935-1937; Ashfield, 1942; Ashbury, 1949-1963)

===''PHIBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phibbs|Phibbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Raymond Aloysius Phibbs|Phibbs, Arthur Raymond Aloysius]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G551-F5Z] - 1914(NSW)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 2EU Albury (1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1456, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: cordial maker (Albury, NSW, 1936-1980)

===''PHILBIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Thomas Philbin|Philbin, Francis Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKL-L7L] - 1889(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: 7FP Queenstown (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ulverstone, 1914); electrician (Queenstown, 1919-1937); electrical fitter (Queenstown, 1949-1954); to NSW 1940s
===''PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phillips|Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Albert Phillips|Phillips, Alan William Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-LD4] - 1915(SA)-2009(SA) - Licences: 5GX Adelaide (Somerton, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1601, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (St Leonards, SA, 1939; South Plympton, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/A. M. Phillips|Phillips, A. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XDN Sydney (Marrickville, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Albert Maurice Phillips|Phillips, Albert Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXVR-GGP] - 1915(SA)-2008(SA) - Licences: 5ZU Adelaide (Prospect, 1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1713, 1936, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Russell Phillips|Phillips, Charles Russell &quot;Russell&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTB-DQ5] - 1914(Vic)-1943(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1874, 1937, Vic; COCP2 145, 1938; COCP1 238, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Mologa, Vic, 1936); wireless operator (Mologa, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Frederic John Mason Phillips|Phillips, Frederic or Frederick John Mason]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L41M-2JH] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2ZQ Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1939, 1946-1958; Pymble, 1960-1961; Turramurra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1044, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1930); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1958; Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Gordon George Phillips|Phillips, Gordon George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7V-TB1] - 1887(NSW)-1941(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 93, 1915; 1COCP 321, 1933 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Townsville, 1912-1919); radio telegraphist (Currie, King Island, 1922); telegraphist (South Townsville, 1925); radio telegraphist (Thursday Island, 1928); radio telegraphist (Cooktown, 1937)

* [[/Harry Edward James Thomas Phillips|Phillips, Harry Edward James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZW-SXG] - 1896(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3JU Melbourne (Mitcham, 1929-1933; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; Merlynstone, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 532, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: slaughterman (Newmarket, 1919); butcher (Emerald, 1922; Mitcham, 1924-1936; Abbotsford, 1937; South Yarra, 1949)

* [[/James Graham Phillips|Phillips, James Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLJ-8JC] - 1909(SA)-1943(Vic) - Licences: 5BW Adelaide (Glenelg, 1926-1931; Somerton, 1933-1939)- Qualifications: cc; AOCP 256, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Somerton, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/606863 VWMA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/John Paul Clifton Phillips|Phillips, John Paul Clifton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP4T-H9P] - 1904(NZ)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2PP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 915, 1926 (Spark); COCP2 41, 1929 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1935-1954)

* [[/John Rich Phillips|Phillips or Rich-Phillips, John Rich]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTN1-KMC] - 1909(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3CD Murraydale (1931-1939, 1947-1948); 3CD Lake Boga (1954-1956); 3CD Melbourne (Narre Warren, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 818, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Murraydale, Vic, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel William Phillips|Phillips, Noel William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9FX-877] - 1911(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4NP Ipswich (1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1396, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Public Works Dept) - Electoral Rolls: painter (Ipswich, Qld, 1936-1937)

* [[/Sydney John Phillips|Phillips, Sydney John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2ZM-XQ6] - 1901(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2ADV Sydney (Cremorne, 1937) (Certainly a typo, see 2ADV Hicks) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 873, 1925 (Spark); COCP2 126, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Narrabeen, NSW, 1933; Neutral Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); accountant (Summer Hill, NSW, 1943); company director (Artarmon, NSW, 1954)

* [[/William Hugo Charles Phillips|Phillips, William Hugo Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQHK-1F6] - 1892(Qld)-1947(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 11, 1914 - Radio Inspector - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Kogarah, NSW, 1930-1943)

===''PHILLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Laurance Vincent Phillis|Phillis, Laurance Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS5R-98V] - 1900(SA)-1953(SA) - Licences: 5LP Adelaide (South Payneham, 1933-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1136, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PHILPOT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Philpot|Philpot, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Hanmer Philpot|Philpot, Clarence Hanmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMRM-C7S] - 1906(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Geelong (1923); 3CP Geelong (1924-1925); 3CP Warrnambool (1925-1926); 3KL Ararat (1927); 3KL Avoca (1931-1937); 3KL Horsham (1938-1939); 3KL Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 381, 1927, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Derrinallum, 1928; Avoca, 1931-1936); postal (Elsternwick, 1942-1980)

* [[/Wesley Rex Philpot|Philpot, Wesley Rex]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMN-Z1K] - 1919(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 3EZ Melbourne (Thornbury, 1947-1948; Mont Park, 1954; Macleod, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2352, 1939, Vic; COCP1 1911, 1959 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kew, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Macleod, Vic, 1949-1963); communications officer (Plenty, Vic, 1968); public servant (Diamond Creek, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Nicholson?, Vic, 1980)

===''PHILPOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Oliver Jones Philpott|Philpott, Oliver Jones]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LJ-52T] - 1869(???)-1934(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Sandringham, 1919); manager (Caulfield, 1921-1927)
===''PHIPPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Phipps|Phipps, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roger Sydney Phipps|Phipps, William Roger Sydney &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZX2-Z6G] - 1896(Eng)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6WP Perth (Subiaco, 1924-1927; Victoria Park, 1930-1933; South Perth, 1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 111, 1925, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 16, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: trainee (Subiaco, 1921); electrical fitter (Subiaco, 1925); radio operator (Victoria Park, 1931; South Perth, 1936-1972)

===''PICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pick|Pick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. W. Pick|Pick, A. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Yowie Bay, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PICKERING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickering|Pickering, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Victor Pickering|Pickering, Arthur Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5ZC-R19] - 1896(Eng)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2KI Sydney (Bondi, 1933-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (likely UK qualification) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAF, 2nd Lieutenant, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi North, NSW, 1930-1958)

===''PICKLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pickles|Pickles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Jack Pickles|Pickles, Ernest Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP2X-SBN] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2QV Fennells Bay (1932-1939); 2AAR Kempsey (1950); 2AAR Coffs Harbour (1954); 2AAR Sydney (Kogarah, 1955-1960); 2YK Sydney (Manly, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1027, 1932, NSW; AOLCP 114, 1933; COCP2 243, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (Fassifern, NSW, 1933-1943); communications officer (Kempsey, NSW, 1949; Sawtell, NSW, 1954; Kogarah, NSW, 1958-1963; Manly, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''PIEREMONT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pieremont|Pieremont, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Steinberg Pieremont|Pieremont, Neil Steinberg]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL16-T7L] - 1909(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2NQ Sydney (Caringbah, 1935-1936; Cronulla, 1937; Port Hacking, 1938-1939; Watsons Bay, 1946-1947; Mosman, 1948; Miranda, 1950-1955; Loftus Heights, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Enfield, NSW, 1932); wireless mechanic (Sutherland, NSW, 1932); radio mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1933); wireless operator (Port Hacking, NSW, 1933-1934; Cronulla, NSW, 1935-1937); technician (Mosman, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Miranda, NSW, 1949; Gymea, NSW, 1954; Loftus, NSW, 1958-1968; Pearl Beach, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''PIGGOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Piggott|Piggott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Lawrence Piggott|Piggott, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLMR-RFJ] - 1910(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2WM Sydney (San Souci, 1934-1937; Kings Cross, 1938; CBD, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1403, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Otford, NSW, 1949; St Kilda, Vic, 1954); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1958-1963); clerk (Cronulla, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PIKE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pike|Pike, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Arthur Pike|Pike, John Herbert Arthur &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MT5R-K62] - 1890(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: XJP Sydney (Arncliffe, 1911); XDY Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912-1914); XDZ Sydney (Arncliffe, 1912); 2DF Receive Sydney (Epping, 1922-1924); 2JP Sydney (Epping, 1925-1929; Greenwich, 1930-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 130, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; AWA (research, later draftsman) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Eastwood, NSW, 1913); draftsman (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;XJP-XDY-XDZ-2DF-2JP - John Herbert Arthur Pike&quot;

* [[/Rodney Vernon Bailey Pike|Pike, Rodney Vernon Bailey or Bayly]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55K-39B] - 1917(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2ACU Wellington (1937-1939); 2ACU Cowra (1947); 2ACU Coonamble (1948-1957); 2ACU Urunga (1958-1961); 2ACU Coonamble (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 62, 1936; COCP1 134, 1937) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cowra, NSW, 1943); ice manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1949; Coonabarabran, NSW, 1954; Coonamble, NSW, 1958); manufacturer (Coonamble, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''PILGRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Roy Pilgrim|Pilgrim, Clarence Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGXM-VJD] - 1893(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XAV Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (9th Reinforcements, Aust Flying Corps, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Undercliffe, NSW, 1930-1936); lorry driver (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937-1968)

===''PIMBLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pimblett|Pimblett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lewis George Pimblett|Pimblett, Lewis George &quot;Lou&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6Z-CRT] - 1893(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Riverina Wireless (experimental broadcast station VK2ZE ca 1924, later B class licence but never operated) amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (1916-1919, Private, AIF); inventor - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Brunswick, Vic 1928-1931); manager (Mitchell, Vic, 1935-1936; Manly, NSW, 1936-1937; Harbord, NSW, 1943-1954; Gosford, NSW, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.pittwateronlinenews.com/Lewis-George-Pimblett-Mona-Vale-Toymaker-Robotics.php Pittwater Online News]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1973432 Embarkation Roll]; [https://patents.google.com/patent/US2396433A/en Bubble Pipe Patent]

===''PINKNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pinkney|Pinkney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Clare Pinkney|Pinkney, Ronald Clare]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTLH-T77] - 1906(SA)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (North Carlton, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1007, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grocer's assistant (Fitzroy, Vic, 1928); grocer (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1937); fitter (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''PINNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Chalker Pinnell|Pinnell, John Chalker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z5-P4G] - 1902(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Receive Sydney (Annandale, 1923-1924); 2ZR Sydney (Marrickville, 1929-1934; Ashfield, 1935-1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Earlwood, 1954-1961; Croydon, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 547, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Dulwich Hill, 1930-1934; Ashfield, 1936; Summer Hill, 1937-1949); teacher (Earlwood, 1954-1963); retired (Ashfield, 1968; Mt Kuringai, 1980)

===''PINNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Robert Pinney|Pinney, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQJB-WQR] - 1883(Vic)-1945(NSW) - 4CP Port Moresby (Konedobu, 1925-1927) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 4th Light Horse, 2nd Lieutenant to Captain, 1914-1918) - Awards: Military Cross (1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PITCHFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitchford|Pitchford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stuart Frederick Pitchford|Pitchford, William Stuart Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ5C-X48] - 1906(Eng)-1959(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (City, 1926-1933; Hyde Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 254, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Reade Park, 1939-1943)

===''PITMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitman|Pitman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Harold Pitman|Pitman, Douglas Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5K2-TWD] - 1913(Vic)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2YW Wagga Wagga (1934-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1254, 1934, NSW; BOCP 651, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; proprietor (Pitman Communications, Wagga Wagga) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935-1943); radio engineer (Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PITTARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pittard|Pittard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred William Pittard|Pittard, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT8T-4LW] - 1907(WA)-1962(WA) - Licences: 6AP Perth (Nedlands, 1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2379, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: taxi driver (Fremantle, WA, 1931-1937); salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1949-1958)

===''PITTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pitts|Pitts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Graham Pitts|Pitts, Reginald Graham or Graham Reginald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZGB-56Y] - 1915(SA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 5GP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1934-1939); 5GP Alice Springs (1947); 5GE Port Augusta (1955-1975); 5GE Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1377, 1934, SA; 2COCP 189, 1938; 1COCP 225, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Torrensville, SA, 1941-1943); radio engineer (Alice Springs, NT, 1949)

===''PLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Place|Place, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Place|Place, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SB-TG3] - 1891(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XAJ Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1930); contractor (Bondi, NSW, 1933-1935); telephone technician (Darling Harbour, NSW, 1949)

===''PLANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plant|Plant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William John Plant|Plant, William John &quot;Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3KN-X1L] - 1921(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2AMM Newcastle (Junction, 1939; Hamilton, 1946-1947; Stockton, 1948-1956; Maitland, 1957-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2315, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Stockton, NSW, 1943-1954); fitter &amp; turner (Maitland, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''PLEMING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pleming|Pleming, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Henry Pleming|Pleming, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N58-46N] - 1917(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3HP Springhurst (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2368, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: National Medal, 1989; Aus Fire Service Medal, 1995 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Springhurst, Vic, 1942-1980)

===''PLOWMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Plowman|Plowman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bruce McInnes Plowman|Plowman, Bruce McInnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-4K9] - 1919(Tas)-2018(Vic)99yo - Licences: 3QC Bendigo (1938-1939); 3QC Terang (1947-1948); 3QC Melbourne (Brighton, 1954); 3QC Wangaratta (1955-1980+); 3AQC Portable &amp; Mobile Terang (1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2073, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dealer (Terang, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Brighton, Vic, 1954); manager (Wangaratta, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''POCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pocock|Pocock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Arthur Henry Pocock|Pocock, James Arthur Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G56N-86Z] - 1919(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2413, 1939, NSW - amateur operator?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Stockyard Creek via Copmanhurst, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Carrs Creek via Grafton, NSW, 1963); insurance agent (Lismore, NSW, 1968); agent (Lismore, NSW, 1972); salesman (Goonellabah, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''POLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pole|Pole, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Edward Pole|Pole, Keith Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1C3-1H2] - 1922(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3IM Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1947); 3UN Melbourne (Heathmont, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2366, 1939, Vic; BOCP 424, 1942; COCP2 575, 1942; COCP1 597, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Elsternwick, Vic, 1954); electrical engineer (Heathmont, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''POLLARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollard|Pollard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Pollard|Pollard, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCVD-W57] - 1892(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XCV Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied to enlist, 1917, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''POLLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pollock|Pollock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Pollock|Pollock, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP49-R5H]- 1911(Eng)-1985(Sct) - Licences: 2XU Sydney (Belmore, 1931-1935; Normanhurst, 1936); 2XY Medlow Bath (1937); Kearsley (1938-1939); 2FU Sydney (Summer Hill, 1954-1961); 2FU Blaxland (1965-1969); 2FU Wentworth Falls (1975-1980); 2YQ Portable Sydney (Belmore, 1935); 2YQ Portable Stanford Merthyr (1936); 2YQ Sydney (Kearsley, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 770, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 78, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1933); radio engineer (Belmore, NSW, 1934); radio mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Medlow Bath, NSW, 1937; Summer Hill, NSW, 1954-1963); television engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1963); engineer (Blaxland, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/John Henderson Pollock|Pollock, John Henderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFM-9TQ] - 1895(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive Brisbane (Moorooka, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Moorooka, Qld, 1922-1926); insurance manager (Townsville, Qld, 1928-1937); insurance agent (Moorooka, Qld, 1943-1977)

===''POLMEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Polmear|Polmear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oliver Samuel Robert Polmear|Polmear, Oliver Samuel Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHPF-KGY] - 1906(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2AEO Wagga Wagga (1937-1939); 2AEO Sydney (Campsie, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1860, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Albury, NSW, 1930; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1937; Campsie, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''PONSONBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Bessborough Ponsonby|Ponsonby, John Bessborough]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 466, 1919; 1COCP 50, 1930 - coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls:

===''POPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maitland Glen Pope|Pope, Maitland Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJ4K-FN6] - 1884(WA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 122, 1915; 1COCP 153, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Subiaco, 1906); civil servant (Subiaco, WA, 1910); civil servant (Hobart North, Tas, 1914); officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1919-1921); wireless expert (Wireless Station, Applecross, 1925); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1927-1931); supervisor (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''PORTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Glanville Porter|Porter, Leonard Glanville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLX-765] - 1897(SA)-1969(SA) - Licences: 5MP Huddlestone (1938-1939; 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 966, 1927; 1COCP 73, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1924); wireless operator (5PI Crystal Brook, SA, 1939-1943)

===''POTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Potter|Potter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Frank Ernest Potter|Potter, Alfred Frank Ernest &quot;Alf&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBGM-294] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2114, 1938, Vic; BOCP 191, 1938; TVOCP 16, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Newmarket, Vic, 1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954); director (Bentleigh, Vic, 1963-1972); TV director (Bentleigh East, Vic, 1977-1980) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/potter-alfred-frank-ernest-alf-32890 ADB]

* [[/Edward Thomas Potter|Potter, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYZ-38V] - 1915(WA)-1993(WA) - Licences: 6ZO Perth (East Fremantle, 1937-1939; Bicton, 1947-1965; Melville, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1959, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (East Fremantle, WA, 1937-1943); contractor (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1958; Melville, 1963); builder (Melville, WA, 1968-1980)

* [[/William Francis Potter|Potter, William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G878-638] - 1908(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2WP Helensburgh (1928-1939); 2WP Fairy Meadow (1948-1950); 2WP Charlestown (1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 399, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 3COCP 38, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Helensburgh, NSW, 1930-1937); mechanic (Fairy Meadow, NSW, 1949); shiftman (Charlestown, NSW, 1954); electrical mechanic (Charlestown, NSW, 1958); railway employee (New Lambton, NSW, 1958)

===''POTTIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pottie|Pottie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Charles Pottie|Pottie, Norman Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V3D-JFZ] - 1909(NSW)-1961(NSW) - Licences: 2HQ Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1930-1931; Hunters Hill, 1933-1938; Mosman, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 589, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1933; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1936-1937; Albury, NSW, 1943; Willoughby, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''POULSEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Poulsen|Poulsen, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Valdemar Poulsen|Poulsen, Valdemar]] - 1869(Denmark)-1942(Denmark) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - inventor of a magnetic wire recorder, Poulsen arc transmitter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [[w:Valdemar Poulsen|Wikipedia]]; [https://ethw.org/Valdemar_Poulsen IEEE]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valdemar-Poulsen Britannica]

===''POWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powell|Powell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Powell|Powell, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRMF-BHS] - 1902(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2HK Sydney (Watsons Bay, 1935-1936; Vaucluse, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930); piano tuner (Vaucluse, NSW, 1931-1963)

* [[/Harry Dalzell Powell|Powell, Harry Dalzell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4HF-5J8] - 1900(Tas)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1135, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (New Town, Tas, 1943); inspector (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); accountant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''POWER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Power|Power, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Power|Power, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Highgate Hill, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''POWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Powers|Powers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Agar Thorburn Powers|Powers, Lionel Agar Thorburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-632] - 1909(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 3PS Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3APS Casterton (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1080, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Malvern East, Vic, 1931-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1943; Cowes, Vic, 1949; Casterton, Vic, 1954-1967); manager (Casterton, Vic, 1972)

===''PRATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pratt|Pratt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan James Pratt|Pratt, Allan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKJ-RDP] - 1916(NSW)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 2AHE Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Oatley, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1980, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: despatch clerk (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1943); broadcasting technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''PRENTICE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prentice|Prentice, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Theodore McLaren Prentice|Prentice, Edward Theodore McLaren]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSQ4-LMG] - 1894(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: 2LU Sydney (Lane Cove, 1930-1934; Carlingford, 1935-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 617, 1921; COCP2 265, 1930; COCP1 294, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1916-1919) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930-1934); radio engineer (Carlingford, NSW, 1935-1943)

* [[/Thomas Ferguson Prentice|Prentice, Thomas Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZF4-8FR] - 1911(NSW)-????(Vic) - Licences: 3TP Melbourne (Caulfield, 1931-1933; Malvern, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 842, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Father also TFP - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1949); electrical engineer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954); engineer (Mildura, Vic, 1968-1977)

===''PRESCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prescott|Prescott, Prescott]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Prescott|Prescott, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTVS-CXH] - 1857(Eng)-1946(NSW) - Licences: 251 Sydney (Stanmore, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Clergyman (Newington College, Petersham, NSW, 1903-1932; Blackheath, NSW, 1933; Ashfield, NSW, 1935-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/prescott-charles-john-8105 ADB]

===''PRESDEE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Presdee|Presdee, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clarence Presdee|Presdee, Leslie Clarence &quot;Les&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK7H-RJQ] - 1897(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XAI Wollongong (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; applied to enlist AIF (WW1) but rejected on medical grounds - Electoral Rolls: law student (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); law clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1931-1933); clerk (Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lilyfield, NSW, 1943); technician (Five Dock, NSW, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XAI - Leslie Clarence Presdee&quot;

===''PRESTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Arthur Campbell Preston|Preston, Thomas Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDV-FFD] - 1886(Tas)-1970(Tas) - Licences: 7BK Queenstown (1923-1927+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 190, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Mount Lyell Co (electrical engineer, 1920s; chief engineer) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Queenstown, 1919-1954)

===''PRESTON-SMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Cedric Preston-Smith see Cedric Preston Smith

===''PRICE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Clarey Price|Price, John Clarey &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L7GR-V19] - 1884(Qld)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4CE (Receive) 1922; 4FI or 4FJ Brisbane (Bardon, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (QWI); radio business proprietor (Wireless House); public servant (PMG) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Wooloowin, 1912-1913); public servant (Bardon Estate, 1919-1936; Bardon, 1943-1954)
* [[/Keith Ferguson Price|Price, Keith Ferguson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94TB-TPD] - 1900(Vic)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4KF Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1937-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1937, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1926); engineering instructor (Camp Hill, Qld, 1937-1943); electrical engineer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1958)

===''PRIDDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Priddle|Priddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Arthur Priddle|Priddle, Raymond Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-PNF] - 1913(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Bathurst (1929-1936); 2RA Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939; Greenwich, 1946; Pymble, 1947-1965; Wahroonga, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 473, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Yass, 1935; Marrickville, 1936-1943; Lane Cove, 1943; Pymble, 1949-1963); engineer (Wahroonga, 1968)

===''PRIDEAUX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Joseph Charles Prideaux|Prideaux, Joseph Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6Y-Y6H] - 1908(Qld)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 4DS Receive Charters Towers (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: musician (Lismore, NSW, 1935-1943); hairdresser (Lismore, NSW, 1949-1968)
===''PRIDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pridham|Pridham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Clifford Pridham|Pridham, Leslie Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK2-H6C] - 1916(SA)-2007(SA) - Licences: 5WP Adelaide (Torrensville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2047, 1937, SA; BOCP 301, 1940; 1COCP 834, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Lockleys, SA, 1943)

===''PRIMMER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Primmer|Primmer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Henry Charles Primmer|Primmer, Richard Henry Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP69-XMV] - 1887(Eng)-1936(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Receive Sydney (Gordon, 1923); 2RP Sydney (Gordon, 1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Gordon, NSW, 1913); cinematographer (Gordon, NSW, 1930-1935)

===''PRINCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prince|Prince, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Prince|Prince, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKT-ZLR] - 1914(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5WK Adelaide (Walkerville, 1934-1939; Kurralta Park, 1947; Plympton, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1358, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Queenstown, SA, 1941); fitter (Gracemere, SA, 1943); sheet metal worker (Broadview Gardens, SA, 1943)

===''PRINGLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pringle|Pringle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Yeoman Pringle|Pringle, Albert Yeoman &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6CN-S13] - 1903(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3BT Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922); 3MM Melbourne (Brunswick, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brunswick, Vic, 1925-1927); wireless engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1934-1936); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942-1954); radio engineer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1958-1968; Mont Albert, Vic, 1972)

===''PRIOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prior|Prior, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lancelot Sidney Prior|Prior, Lancelot Sidney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-MXB] - 1913(WA)-1984(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified (likely used the 6MO Watheroo Magnetic Observatory licence) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2239, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Claremont, WA, 1936-1937); geophysicist (Watheroo, WA, 1949; South Yarra, Vic, 1954; Malvern, Vic, 1963; Braddon, ACT, 1968-1972; Claremont, WA, 1977-1980)

===''PRITCHARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albyrt Edward James Pritchard|Pritchard, Albyrt Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNL8-LC8] - 1897(Vic)-1971(NSW) - Licences: XNM Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1913-1914); 3DY Receive Melbourne (North Brunswick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 511, 1920 - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1922); fitter (Coburg, Vic, 1925-1928); garage proprietor (Tyabb, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1934-1949); nil (Upwey, Vic, 1954); no occupation (Blacktown, NSW, 1963; Galston, NSW, 1968)
* [[/Athol Charles Joseph Pritchard|Pritchard, Athol Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNLD-KJ4] - 1912(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3CP Melbourne (Kew, 1931-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 805, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); nil (Kew, Vic, 1943); builder (Kew North, Vic, 1949-1967; East Kew, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PROPOSCH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilhelm Carl Lormann Proposch|Proposch, Wilhelm or William Carl Lormann or Forman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVVN-TGW] - 1900(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4PL Chinchilla (1937-1939); 4PL Nanango (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1986, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wellborer (Maclargan via Jondaryan, Qld, 1925-1936); radio dealer (Chinchilla, Qld, 1937; Nanango, Qld, 1943-1968)

===''PROUT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prout|Prout, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Prout|Prout, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFH2-9VQ] - 1902(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CT Receive Perth (Cottesloe, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1925-1931); fitter (Cottesloe, WA, 1943-1949; Mt Claremont, WA, 1954-1972)

===''PROWSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Prowse|Prowse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Richard Prowse|Prowse, Roy Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKVT-GKK] - 1917(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3XS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1936-1939, 1947-1954; Bentleigh, 1960); 3XY Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1770, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); RAAF (Caulfield East, Vic, 1949-1954; Bentleigh South, Vic, 1963-1967; Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''PRYOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pryor|Pryor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Arthur William Pryor|Pryor, Geoffrey Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9V-NC1] - 1918(NSW)-2004(???) - Licences: 2AMP Sydney (Croydon North, 1939; Dee Why, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2304, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Croydon, NSW, 1943-1949); shipping officer (Croydon, NSW, 1954; Dee Why, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''PRYZBILLA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Alfred Pryzibilla|Pryzibilla, Colin Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKD-1SY] - 1910(SA)-2001(SA)91yo - Licences: 5XJ Adelaide (Parkside, 1935-1939, 19471960; Brooklyn Park, 1965-1969; Ascot Park, 1975; Plympton Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1590, 1935, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''PUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Pugh|Pugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Stuart Pugh|Pugh, Clifford Stuart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KWJL-7G3] - 1897(Vic)-1966(USA) - Licences: XOI Melbourne (Preston, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 604, 1921 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 14th Battalion) - Comment: Migrated to USA 1926 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Preston, Vic, 1921-1925)

* [[/Eric Gordon Pugh|Pugh, Eric Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYDY-PHY] - 1912(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ADK Kempsey (1936-1939); 2ADK Sydney (Concord West, 1946-1948; Ryde, 1950-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1740, 1936, NSW; BOCP 553, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Concord, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Coffs Harbour, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1937); senior radio inspector (Concord, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''PURDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdie|Purdie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Robert Purdie|Purdie, Richard Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP44-JBS] - 1902(Qld)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2RP Sydney (Windsor, 1931; Richmond, 1933; Windsor, 1935-1939); 2ARP Sydney (Wentworthville, 1946-1947; Pendle Hill, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 334, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Richmond, Vic, 1926); wireless operator (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); airman (RAAF Station, Parkes, NSW, 1943); RAAF (Wentworthville, NSW, 1949; Pendle Hill, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''PURDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purdon|Purdon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Commodore Vere Purdon|Purdon, Commodore Vere]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ28-Y6B] - 1901(Tas)-1968(Tas) - Licences: 7AM Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1922); Receive Hobart (Battery Point, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Hobart East, 1922; Hobart South, 1928; Bellerive, 1936-1954)

===''PURSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purssell|Purssell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Roger Purssell|Purssell, John Roger]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRV5-NND] - 1914(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2AIN Sydney (Lakemba, 1937-1939; Bankstown West, 1946-1948; Lakemba, 1950-1969; Oyster Bay, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2009, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1936-1937); steelworker (Bankstown, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1949-1968); technical officer (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1972); retired (Oyster Bay, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''PURVIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Purvis|Purvis, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clive William Purvis|Purvis, Clive William &quot;Cecil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSD4-Y7K] - 1913(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3PC Melbourne (Armadale, 1937-1939, 1947; Elsternwick, 1948; Bentleigh, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1911, 1937, Vic; COCP2 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936-1937); sales (Armadale, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

=='''Q'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''QUICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quick|Quick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Quick|Quick, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKWF-QQF] - 1852(Eng)-1932(Vic) - state politician (MLA Vic, 1880s &amp; 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR 1900s &amp; 1910s; Postmaster-General 1909-1910), oversight of 1909 Melbourne Wireless Telegraphy Conference - Links: [[w:John_Quick_(politician)|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/quick-sir-john-8140 ADB]

* [[/Maurice Royal Quick|Quick, Maurice Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYHS-Z69] - 1915(???)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RQ Melbourne (West Preston, 1935-1937; Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 4MQ Toowoomba (1947); 3RQ Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1948; Nunawading, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1542, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Preston, Vic, 1937); rigger (RAAF, Richmond, NSW, 1937-1943); RAAF (North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); technical officer (Nunawading, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''QUILTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quilty|Quilty, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Edward Quilty|Quilty, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR27-R35] - 1915(Vic)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2AHQ Sydney (Bondi, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1967, 1937, NSW; COCP1 312, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal official (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937); postal clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1943); typist (Bondi, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Bondi, NSW, 1958-1968; Bondi Beach, NSW, 1980)

===''QUIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quin|Quin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kenneth Quin|Quin, Alan Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP5-HZ3] - 1915(Vic)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 3OY Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 902, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Bondi, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1954-1968); mechanic (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Charles Quin|Quin, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VW-TP8] - 1910(WA)-1979(WA) - Licences: 6CX Perth (Subiaco, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937; Wembley, 1938-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 678, 1930, WA; AOLCP 178, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Wembley Park, 1937); accountant (Swanbourne, 1963); retired (Swanbourne, 1972-1977)

* [[/Charles Cuffe Quin|Quin, Charles Cuffe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYQS-MKJ] - 1915(Vic)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 3WQ Melbourne (Albert Park, 1934-1939; Kew, 1947-1948); 2AWQ Sydney (Russell Lea, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1310, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1934-1946) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Albert Park, Vic, 1937); storeman (Kew, Vic, 1943-1949); manager (Summer Hill, NSW, 1954; Five Dock, NSW, 1958-1968)

===''QUINN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quinn|Quinn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Norman Quinn|Quinn, David Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRQW-23H] - 1891(Tas)-1947(Tas) - Licences: cc; Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 18, 1914 - coastal wireless operator; WW1 (Merchant Navy) - Electoral Rolls: operator (South Yarra, Vic, 1914-1915); supervisor (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, Qld, 1943)

===''QUODLING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Quodling|Quodling, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Newton Quodling|Quodling, Harold Newton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVGG-VBV] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2YE Receive Sydney (Beecroft, 1923); 2QL Sydney (Beecroft, 1931-1933); 2AGA Sydney (Beecroft, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 818, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 128, 1930; COCP1 101, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio-telephone (Beecroft, NSW, 1932-1935); radio engineer (Beecroft, NSW, 1943-1954); sales engineer (Epping, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Westmead, NSW, 1980)

=='''R'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''RADCLYFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Louis Edward Radclyffe|Radclyffe, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4K-ZT3] - 1907(South Africa)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ADM Canberra (Ainslie, 1936-1939; Braddon, 1947-1955); 2AIX Canberra portable (Ainslie, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1758, 1936, ACT; COCP1 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Blackburn, Vic, 1931; Ainslie, ACT, 1935-1937); public servant (Braddon, ACT, 1958-1977);  retired (Mossy Point, NSW, 1980)

===''RADFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Radford|Radford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Dynan Radford|Radford, Wilfred or William Dynan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/92MT-KNF] - 1916(Qld)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 4WV Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937); 4WW Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1624, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: theological student (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1943); clergyman (Toongabbie, NSW, 1954); priest (Marist College, Armidale, NSW, 1958; Toongabbie, NSW, 1963-1968; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RAEBEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Raebel|Raebel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Cook Raebel|Raebel, Leslie Cook]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW7N-HDX] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 3HI Melbourne (Elwood, 1947); 9HI Port Moresby (1948-1965); 4LC Mt Tamborine (1969); 6HX Mt Helena (1975); 6HX Australind (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2165, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1069, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (North Tamborine, Qld, 1969-1972); retired (Australind, WA, 1977-1980)

===''RAGLESS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Beaumont Ragless|Ragless, Gordon Beaumont]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMY3-58F] - 1909(SA)-2002(SA) - Licences: 5GR Adelaide (St Marys, 1928-1939; Marion, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 434, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: orchard assistant (St Marys, 1939-1943)

===''RAINBOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rainbow|Rainbow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Christopher James Rainbow|Rainbow, Christopher James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G87K-BB5] - 1911(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3JR Melbourne (Preston, 1928-1954; West Preston, 1955-1969; Rosebud, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 406, 1928, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; partnership (Supreme Radio Co, Preston ?-1932); WW2 (RAAF) - Relationships: brother-in-law of 3PA Percy James Anderson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Preston, 1931-1942); traveller (Preston, 1949-1972; Rosebud, 1977); retired (Rosebud, 1980)

===''RAMAGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ramage|Ramage, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Erwin Ramage|Ramage, James Erwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF1D-5W9] - 1919(NSW)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2AHP Sydney (Abbotsford, 1937-1939); 2HK Sydney (Botany, 1946; Hornsby, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1966, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Abbotsford, NSW, 1943); engineer (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RAMSAY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Charles Ramsay|Ramsay, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXNM-4RT] - 1871(Eng)-1950(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Toowong, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hermit Park, Qld, 1903-1905; South Brisbane, Qld, 1912; West End, Qld, 1915-1919); accountant (Toowong, Qld, 1921-1925; Waverley, NSW, 1930-1934); teacher (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1943)
* [[/Robert Ramsay|Ramsay, Robert ]] - 1842(Sct)-1882(Vic) - solicitor, Victorian politician, Postmaster-General Victoria (Jul 1874 - Aug 1875; Oct 1875 - May 1877)

===''RANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Randell|Randell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Burney Francis Henry Randell|Randell, Burney Francis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQM3-623] - 1906(WA)-1972(WA) - Licences: 3FT Melbourne (Laverton, 1935-1938); 2ALN Sydney (Windsor, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1538, 1935, Vic; COCP1 294, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936); airman (RAAF Laverton, Vic, 1937; Kilaben Bay, NSW, 1943; South Perth, WA, 1949-1968)

* [[/Charles Otto Randell|Randell, Charles Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/97TF-XLP] - 1880(NSW)-1958(Qld) - Licences: 4BK Innisfail (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster (callsign to 4BK Brisbane commercial 1930) - Comment: 4AC Leslie Waters employed by Randell Engineering - Electoral Rolls: analytical chemist (Hambledon, 1903); chemist (Goondi, 1908); engineer (Innisfail, 1912-1913); mechanical engineer (Townsville, 1915); analytical chemist (Innisfail, 1919-1930); agent (Toowong, 1936); chemist (Brisbane, 1937); industrial chemist (North Sydney, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;4BK - Charles Otto Randell&quot;

===''RANKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rankin|Rankin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Ronald Rankin|Rankin, Kenneth Ronald &quot;Ken&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RC-8FS] - 1906(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3KR Kerang (1926-1939); 3KR Benalla (1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 242, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Kerang, Vic, 1928-1937); manager (Benalla, Vic, 1949-1963) - Probate: Theatre Manager (Benalla, 1965)

* [[/Ronald John Rankin|Rankin, Ronald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYG2-Q3R] - 1917(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1632, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948+) - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1943); RAAF Officer (Bradfield Park, NSW, 1949); RAAF (Yangoona, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Isle of Capri, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''RANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rann|Rann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George William Rann|Rann, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDG-VMV] - 1908(WA)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6KO Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1000, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Nedlands, WA, 1931); printer (West Subiaco, WA, 1936; Wembley, WA, 1937-1943; Leederville, WA, 1954-1958); civil servant (City Beach, WA, 1963-1972)

===''RATCLIFFE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Herbert John Ratcliffe|Ratcliffe, James Herbert John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18Q-91H] - 1920(Tas)-1976(Tas) - Licences: 3RA Powelltown (1947); 7RA Hobart (Battery Point, 1948; Lindisfarne, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2305, 1939, Vic; BOCP 211, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Rose Bay, Tas, 1954)

===''RAWSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Olaf Edwin Rawson|Rawson, Olaf Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JH-ZKX] - 1895(Tas)-1978(Vic) - Licences: XPL Melbourne (Richmond, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: tobacconist (Mansfield, Vic, 1921-1924); police constable (Middle Park, Vic, 1925-1926); constable (Malvern East, Vic, 1931); police constable (Alexandra, Vic, 1936-1937; Murtoa, Vic, 1942); constable (Belmont, Vic, 1949-1977)

===''RAYNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rayner|Rayner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Rayner|Rayner, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYQQ-2LK] - 1898(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1928-1930; Belmore, 1931-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 384, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; 2COCP 425, 1933; 1COCP 335, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Annandale, NSW, 1930); constable (Belmore, NSW, 1933-1934); police constable (Belmore, NSW, 1937-1949)

* [[/Roy Hamilton Rayner|Rayner, Roy Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSDX-4B9] - 1911(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2DO Yass (1932-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1020, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Yass, NSW, 1936-1943); leather trade (Yass, NSW, 1949-1963); depot attendant (Yass, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''READ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Earl Read|Read, Alfred Earl &quot;Earl&quot;]] - 1892(NZ)-1960(NZ) - journalist (editor NZ Radio Times to 1936; editor and proprietor, Australasian Radio World 1936-1940; manager, Australasian Radio World 1940+)
* [[/Allan William Read|Read, Allan William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1B-WF2] - 1913(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6LK Perth (Mt Lawley, 1931-1933); 6LK Northam (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 735, 1931, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 163, 1934; 1COCP 83, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Broadcasting Station, Northam, WA, 1936-1937); radio technician (North Perth, WA, 1943-1958); public servant (Nollamara, WA, 1963-1980)
* [[/Edgar Henry William Read|Read, Edgar Henry William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJXQ-SCK] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Carlton, 1926; Brunswick, 1927-1931; East Camberwell, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 274, 1926, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP, 350, 1931; 1COCP, 381, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Carlton, Vic, 1931-1932; Camberwell, Vic, 1936); public servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1937; Aerodrome, Cairns, Qld, 1941-1949); communications officer (Townsville, Qld, 1954); civil aviation officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); public servant (Greensborough, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1977-1980)
* [[/Eric Vernon Read|Read, Eric Vernon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJX7-LHY] - 1915(Tas)-2004(Qld) - Licences: 3ER Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 3AIR 987, 1947; 1AIR 23, 1947 - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF)  - Electoral Rolls: officer (RAAF, Laverton, Vic, 1937); RAAF (Graceville, Qld, 1941); Malvern, Vic, 1943); civil servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); surveyor (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Sorrento, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Frederick Charles Read|Read, Frederick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Z-21P] - 1892(NSW)-1935(WA) - Licences: XYN Perth (City, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: cable tester (Victoria Park, WA, 1914-1917); telephone mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1931)

===''READER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/d'Arcy Harold Reader|Reader, d'Arcy Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KX-8N8] - 1888(NZ)-1952(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 123, 1915 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Thursday Island, Qld, 1916-1917)

===''READING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Charles Reading|Reading, Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZW7-9DL] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Bangalow (1925-1929); 2LT Lismore (1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 65, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrician, Reading Bros (proprietor &amp; electrical engineer, 1930-1939) - Callsign: 2RG callsign may have been withdrawn by PMGD for 2RG Griffith commercial - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bangalow, NSW, 1930-1937); electrical mechanic (Lismore, NSW, 1943-1949); electrical fitter (Lismore, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Lismore, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Leonard William Reading|Reading, Leonard William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2LY-H23] - 1904(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6LR Northam (1933-1936); 3TQ Newport (1937); 6LR Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939; South Perth, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1200, 1933, Vic; 1COCP 384, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Northam, WA, 1925-1936; Newport, Vic, 1937); airman (South Perth, WA, 1943); supervisor (Karinup, WA, 1980)

===''REAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reay|Reay, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Edward Reay|Reay, Charles Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSP4-Y5V] - 1866(Vic)-1923(Vic) - Licences: XOR Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Carlton, Vic, 1909; Brighton, Vic, 1912-1919); storeman (Fitzroy, Vic, 1921; Middle Park, Vic, 1921-1922)

===''REDDACLIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Arthur Reddacliff|Reddacliff, Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2BF-2S2] - 1918(NSW)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 2AEX Sydney (Gladesville, 1936-1939, 1946-1950; Eastwood, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1831, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: process worker (Gladesville, NSW, 1943-1949); public servant (Eastwood, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''REDDROP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reddrop|Reddrop, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James William Reddrop|Reddrop, James William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1T-SYY] - 1906(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Launceston (1934-1937); 3BN Melbourne (Caulfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 28, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: airman (Elsternwick, 1931; St Kilda, 1937); air force (Elsternwick, 1942-1954); air force officer (Glenbrook, NSW, 1958); RAAF officer (Campbell, 1963); retired (Hackett, ACT, 1968); representative (Tbre Lake, 1972-1980)

===''REECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reece|Reece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Alfred Reece|Reece, John Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT71-X8H] - 1917(NSW)-1981(WA) - Licences: 2AMV Broken Hill (1939); 6JP Bibra Lake (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2343, 1939, NSW; BOCP 296, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: coppersmith (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943); farmer (Bibra Lake, WA, 1949-1980)

===''REED''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reed|Reed, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril John Reed|Reed, Cyril John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXT-JL3] - 1914(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3IX Melbourne (Spotswood, 1938-1939; Footscray, 1947-1956; Essendon, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2106, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Newport, Vic, 1936-1937; Footscray North, Vic, 1942-1954; Essendon, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Donald William Reed|Reed, Donald William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23K-8PZ] - 1912(NSW)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 2DR Sydney (Waitara, 1931-1939, 1946-1954); 2ADR Sydney (Waitara, 1958-1960); 2ADR Muswellbrook (1975); 2ADR Ulladulla (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 852, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 385, 1940; COCP1 467, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Waitara, NSW, 1934-1943); agent (Waitara, NSW, 1949-1954); buyer (Waitara, NSW, 1958); radio officer (Ulladulla, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Joseph Andrew Reed|Reed, Joseph Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTGL-9N1] - 1905(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 950, 1932, NSW; COCP3 463, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: constable (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1933); police constable (Bowral, NSW, 1934-1935; Maroubra, NSW, 1936); constable (Clovelly, NSW, 1937-1958; Randwick, NSW, 1963); retired (Randwick, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Joseph Griffiths Reed|Reed, Joseph Griffiths &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GC6Y-GZZ] - 1897(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: XABP Newcastle (1914); 2JR Sydney(Summer Hill, 1924-1933; Croydon, 1934-1939; Northbridge, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 710, 1922; 1COCP 235, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930-1934); engineer (Croydon, NSW, 1936-1937); electrical engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABP-2JR - Joseph Griffiths Reed&quot;

===''REEDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Bennett Reedman|Reedman, Alfred Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLN-MVM] - 1896(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Brisbane (Norman Park, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1919-1921; Norman Park, Qld, 1925-1980)

===''REES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Rees, Alun Morris - See Morris-Rees, Alun 
* [[/Richard Montague Elyder Rees|Rees, Richard Montague Elyder]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPXW-S6Y] - 1901(Eng)-1962(Vic) - Licences: 2RE Sydney (Stanmore, 1926-1927; Coogee, 1928-1930); 2WM Sydney (Enfield, 1931-1933); 2APW Albury (1946-1947); 3APW Darling (1948-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 296, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 959, 1927; 2COCP 283, 1930; BOCP 107, 1937; 1COCP 941, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Enfield, NSW, 1931-1937)
* [[/Roy Benjamin Rees|Rees, Roy Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQV-5S6] - 1894(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XLN Melbourne (Canterbury, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1919-1924; Sydenham, NSW, 1930; Punchbowl, NSW, 1930-1972)

===''REEVES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Herbert Reeves|Reeves, Cecil Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Z-X92] - 1905(WA)-1975(WA) - Licences: 6CR Perth (Claremont, 1931-1933; Victoria Park, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 746, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Claremont, WA, 1931; Victoria Park, WA, 1936-1943; Wagin, WA, 1954; Fremantle, WA, 1958; East Fremantle, WA, 1963-1972)

===''REID''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reid|Reid, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Houston Reid|Reid, Alan Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7PY-BH6] - 1910(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3UL Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923); 3HR Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1933); 3AHR Melbourne (Balwyn, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 275, 1926, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1931); engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1943-1967; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Gordon William Reid|Reid, Gordon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Y2-85X] - 1907(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2FZ Temora (1932-1939); 2OW Temora (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 977, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Temora, NSW, 1930-1963); electrician (Temora, NSW, 1968-1977)

* [[/John Reid|Reid, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3G-PDG] - 1901(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3BE Melbourne (Werribee, 1937); 6BE Perth (RAAF, Pearce, 1938); 3AJR Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 26, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Several contemporaneous JRs - Electoral Rolls: retired (Ballarat, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''REILLY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Dwyer Reilly|Reilly, Edward or Edwin Dwyer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S5-67P] - 1913(Vic)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5AI Adelaide (Woodville, 1935-1939; Brooklyn Park, 1947-1975; Aldinga, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1524, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: packer (Woodville, SA, 1939-1943)
* [[/Eric Harold Reilly|Reilly, Eric Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L153-S1X] - 1905(Qld)-1950(Qld) - Licences: 4ER Brisbane (Hill End, 1934-1937); 4ER Laidley (1938-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1339, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ, WICEN) - Electoral Rolls: rubber worker (Hill End, Qld, 1934-1937); motor mechanic (Laidley, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''REIMANN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Alwin Reimann|Reimann, Albert Alwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4RD-V3K] - 1905(SA)-1946(SA) - Licences: 5JO Adelaide (Kent Town, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 453, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil

===''REINARTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Leonard Reinartz|Reinartz, John Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94X7-XYL] - 1894(Ger)-1964(USA) - Licences: 1QP (1908-?); 1XAM; W3RB; K6BJ - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator - Comment: with Fred Schnell made first Trans-Atlantic 2 Way QSO with F8AB Leon Deloy - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [http://hamgallery.com/Tribute/1QP/ Ham Gallery]

===''REINHOLD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edwin Cyril Reinhold|Reinhold, Edwin Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHH4-WWR] - 1900(Qld)-1984(Qld) - Licences: Q747 Receive Brisbane (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Clayfield, 1925); motor mechanic (Gracefield, 1931-1949); soldier (Sherwood, 1954-1980)

===''RENNIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/F. Rennie|Rennie, F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3HI Receive Melbourne (South Yarra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/J. M. Rennie|Rennie, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3QF Receive Melbourne (Northcote, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/K. M. Rennie|Rennie, K. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AO Receive Sydney (Edgecliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''RENSHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Phillip Renshaw|Renshaw, Walter Phillip &quot;Phil&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9KS-1LX] - 1891(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: XFP Sydney (Roseville, 1912-1914); 2DE Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 370, 1918 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator - amateur broadcaster; WW1; radio clubs (WIA NSW - 1912+, President, Federal President); professional clubs (IRE NSW - founding member); business (consulting engineer); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Hon. Sec. WIA NSW) - Comment: late 1930s entangled in a NSW State Government corruption enquiry - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Roseville, 1936-1954; Ashfield, 1958-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XFP-2DE - Walter Phillip Renshaw&quot;

===''RENWICK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Griffith Renwick|Renwick, Arthur Griffith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-8XV] - 1902(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2CG Receive Sydney (Woollahra, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 292, 1940 - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Roseville, 1930-1937); chemist (Drummoyne, 1943-1954); retail chemist (Strathfield, 1958-1963)

===''RETALLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Retallick|Retallick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Moncrieff Retallick|Retallick, James Moncrieff]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKK3-QDW] - 1898(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XO Bellingen (1930-1939, 1946-1947); 2FE Portable Bellingen (1933-1939); 2XO Raleigh (1948-1955); 2XO Coffs Harbour (1956-1958); 2XO Urunga (1960-1969);  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 664, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: attendant (Substation, Raleigh, 1949-1954); electrical mechanic (Urunga, 1963-1968)

===''REYNOLDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Reynolds|Reynolds, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Pretoria Reynolds|Reynolds, Arthur Pretoria]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6F6-6PX] - 1900(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AP Sydney (Oatley, 1931-1936); 2AP Parkes (1937); 2AP Albury (1938-1939); 2AP Sydney (Richmond, 1946-1960); 2AP Katoomba (1961-1965); 2AP Leura (1969); 2AP Blackheath (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 34, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (Oatley, NSW, 1931-1936); radio engineer (Parkes, NSW, 1937; Richmond, NSW, 1943-1958; Leura, NSW, 1963-1968); retired (Shipley, NSW, 1972)

* [[/George Daniel Reynolds|Reynolds, George Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX9J-VBQ] - 1886(NZ)-1964(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 180, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Rockhampton, 1917; Cooktown, 1928); radio (Malvern, 1934-1937); wireless operator (New Farm, 1943); radio station manager (Townsville, 1949); retired (Malvern, 1954-1963)

* [[/Reginald Patrick Reynolds|Reynolds, Reginald Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPH3-V8S] - 1908(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2RH Temora (1931-1933); 2RH Leeton (1933); 2RH Wagga Wagga (1935-1938); 2RH Young (1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 211, 1931; AOLCP 52, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943-1958; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Randwick, NSW, 1968); technician (Randwick, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Ronald James Reynolds| Reynolds, Ronald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNH-BFX] - 1912(NSW)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 2AFR Sydney (Granville, 1937-1939, 1946-1947; Westmead, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1855, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Granville, NSW, 1934-1937); telegraphist (Granville, NSW, 1943); postal employee (Westmead, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''REYNOLDSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Laurence Reynoldson|Reynoldson, Edmund Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6QH-63N] - 1895(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XKB Strathmerton (1913-1914); 3FC Receive Melbourne (City, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 673, 1921 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; WW1 (Signal Engineers, 2nd Division); WW2 (Army Citizen Military Forces) - Comment: Brother Leonard Mood Reynoldson killed at Bullecourt - Electoral Rolls: operator (Brighton, Vic, 1922); postmaster (St James, Echuca, Vic, 1924-1926; Hayfield, Vic, 1931-1954); nil (Ringwood East, Vic, 1963)

===''RHEUBEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Owen Rheuben|Rheuben, Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNYD-98M] - 1893(NSW)-1968(Vic) - Licences: XLL Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1913-1914); 3UA Receive Melbourne (Carlton, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: turner (South Melbourne, Vic, 1914); engineer (Carlton, Vic, 1921-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1927-1931; Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, Vic, 1963); retired (Sandringham, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''RHODES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Rhodes|Rhodes, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BS-QMC] - 1887?(???)-1966(SA) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Kadina (1923); 5HR Kadina (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Needs more research - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Quorn, 1939-1943; Grassmere, 1943)

===''RIBBETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas John Ribbett|Ribbett, Thomas John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQQ-YRJ] - 1880(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS (CPOE, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RICH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Fry Rich|Rich, Charles Fry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-YZ3] - 1873(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 4CR Fife Bay, Papua - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 4VX 2AJZ 9VX 2API Mackendrick Charles William Rich - Electoral Rolls: retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1943-1949)
* [[/Mackendrick Charles William Rich|Rich, Mackendrick Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXN8-5MB] - 1903(PNG)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 4VX Samarai, Papua (1938-1939); 2AJZ Sydney (Chatswood, 1946); 9VX Port Moresby (1947-1948); 2API Sydney (Manly Vale, 1954-1955; Balgowlah, 1956-1969; Manly Vale, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 4CR Charles Fry Rich - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Manly Vale, NSW, 1954-1963); retired (Manly Vale, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICHARDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/G. F. Richards|Richards, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (Moonah, 1923); 2237 Hobart (Moonah, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/George Richards|Richards, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHDM-JZ6] - 1888(Qld)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 4XK Ipswich (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 575, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mine manager (Silkstone, 1917-1932; Booval, 1936-1958)
* [[/Maurice Evans Richards|Richards, Maurice Evans]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-KPB] - 1910(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5CY Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923); 5MR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1927-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 369, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Likely a relation of 5WR Wilfred Mayo Richards - Electoral Rolls: welder (Millswood East, SA, 1943) 
* [[/Norman Henry Richards|Richards, Norman Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXH1-NL1] - 1912(Eng)-2007(Qld) - Licences: 4NR Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1932-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1071, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1936-1937); mechanic (Eagle Junction, Qld, 1943); refrigeration engineer (Maryborough, Qld, 1949-1954); engineer (Ashgrove, Qld, 1963-1968); retired (Glasshouse Mountains, Qld, 1972-1977; Tin Can Bay, Qld, 1980)
* [[/Victor John Richards|Richards, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFML-3HH] - 1916(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6JR Perth (Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1894, 1937, WA; 2COCP 265, 1939; 1COCP 367, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Nedlands, WA, 1937); radio operator (Alice Springs, NT, 1943); machinery assistant (Wivenhoe, Tas, 1949); radio technician (Darlinghurst West, NSW, 1949; Charters Towers, Qld, 1949)); radio operator (Carlingford, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Blacktown, NSW, 1958); technician (Applecross, WA, 1958-1972); radio officer (Applecross, WA, 1977-1980)
* [[/Wilfred Mayo Richards|Richards, Wilfred Mayo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ3X-6W4] - 1896(SA)-1948(SA) - 5WR Adelaide (Medindie Gardens, 1927-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 364, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil - certainly a relation of 5MR Maurice Evans Richards

===''RICHARDSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richardson|Richardson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Kennington Richardson|Richardson, Alan Kennington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRM-73L] - 1914(SA)-1994(SA) - Licences: 5AR Adelaide (Everard Park, 1934-1939; City, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1277, 1934, SA; AOLCP 201, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Everard Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Charles Augustus Richardson|Richardson, Charles Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ7-45H] - 1905(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2PT Sydney (Five Dock, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 922, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Five Dock, NSW, 1932-1943); RAAF (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); salesman (St Kilda, Vic, 1954); sales (Toorak, Vic, 1954-1963); retired (Warrnambool, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Henry Richardson|Richardson, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZG-11X] - 1919(Tas)-2003(???) - Licences: 7GR Hobart (Hobart City, 1939, 1947-1948; Sandy Bay, 1954-1980); 2NMF Sydney (Manly, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2302, 1939, Tas; BOCP 293, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hobart, Tas, 1943; Queenborough, Tas, 1949; Nelson, Tas, 1954-1963)  

* [[/Jasper Bede Richardson|Richardson, Jasper Bede]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX1J-LTY] - 1907(WA)-1969(WA) - Licences: 6LX Perth (Fremantle, 1931-1933; Hollywood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 831, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Hollywood, WA, 1936-1937; East Perth, WA, 1943; East Fremantle, WA, 1949); mechanic (Bicton, WA, 1954-1968)

* [[/John Keith Richardson|Richardson, John Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6QQ-76P] - 1906(Qld)-1954(Tas) - Licences: 4KR Barcaldine (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: overseer (&quot;Ashgrove&quot;, Gore, 1930-1932) - Trovetag: &quot;4KR - John Keith Richardson&quot;

* [[/Laurence Ross Nelson Richardson|Richardson, Laurence Ross Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTND-7RH] - 1914(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3LD Melbourne (Armadale, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 821, 1931, Vic; AOLCP 116, 1933; COCP2 258, 1939; COCP1 303, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Armadale, Vic, 1936; Malvern, Vic, 1937); nil (Bayswater, Vic, 1949); technician (Oakleigh, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Robert John Richardson|Richardson, Robert John &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYX6-FTT] - 1912(Vic)-2004(Vic)92yo - Licences: 3ZP Melbourne (Collingwood, 1936-1939; Cheltenham, 1947-1975); 3ZP Moe (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1785, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Collingwood, Vic, 1934-1937); machinist (Cheltenham, Vic, 1942; Heatherton, Vic, 1949-1967); PMG employee (Cheltenham, Vic, 1977); retired (Moe, Vic, 1980)

===''RICHES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riches|Riches, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney James William Riches|Riches, Sydney James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8RF-1ST] - 1909(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3SJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 34, 1931; AOCP 1784, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Northcote, Vic, 1931-1937); farmer (Larpent, Vic, 1943-1977)

===''RICH-PHILLIPS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rich-Phillips|Rich-Phillips, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

SEE PHILLIPS, principally John Rich Phillips

===''RICHMOND''===

* [[/Cecil Harry Garbett Richmond|Richmond, Cecil Harry Garbett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYTB-MV6] - 1910(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2059, 1937, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Awards: Imperial Service Medal (1970, Shipping Dept, clerical assistant) - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Holland Park, Qld, 1943-1972); retired (Tarragindi, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''RICHTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Richter|Richter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Wilfred Richter|Richter, Roy Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRCN-XHW] - 1920(NSW)-2017(NSW) - Licences: 2ADP Sydney (Auburn, 1936-1939); 2ACR Sydney (Manly Vale, 1961; Belrose, 1965-1969); 2ACR Ellenboraugh via Wauchope (1975-1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1741, 1936, NSW; COCP2 146, 1938; COCP1 194, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1943; Manly, NSW, 1949; Collaroy, NSW, 1954); manager (Fairlight, NSW, 1958); engineer (Manly Vale, NSW, 1963); manufacturer (Belrose, NSW, 1972); grazier (Ellenboraugh, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RICKABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rickaby|Rickaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lorimer Douglas Rickaby|Rickaby, Lorimer Douglas &quot;Rick&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMR4-Z8W] - 1906(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4VR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Coopers Plains, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 485, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4VL, 4AK, 4BK); military (WW2, RAN); ship wireless officer; security officer (MSS) - Relationships: father of 4RX Brian ??? Rickaby; father-in-law of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Flinders Naval Depot, Vic, 1931-1934); radio engineer (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); technician (Coorparoo, Qld, 1943-1949);  meter reader (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1958-1972) 

* [[/Brian ??? Rickaby|Rickaby, Brian ???]] - Licences: 4ZAP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1960); 4RX Brisbane (Salisbury, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: AOLCP; AOCP; BOCP; TVOCP - amateur operator; broadcast engineer (Qld State Broadcasting Office, P&amp;TD / DoC / DoTaC / ABA) - Relationships: son of 4VR Lorimer Douglas Rickaby; husband of 4VR Valerie ??? Rickaby - Electoral Rolls:

===''RIDGWAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ridgway|Ridgway, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edwin Keith Ridgway|Ridgway, Edwin Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GVNZ-36N] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3EQ Leongatha (1934-1937); 2AGQ Henty (1938); 3IV Ballarat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1282, 1938, Vic; BOCP 519, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Ballarat West, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''RIETHMULLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Riethmuller|Riethmuller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64Z-XCL] - 1903(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4SK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 250, 1930; 1COCP 299, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Jandowae, 1936); radio technician (Wellington, NSW, 1937; Moorooka, 1943); radio operator (Darlinghurst, 1949; Wahroonga, 1963-1972); retired (Toowoomba, 1972-1980)

===''RILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Riley|Riley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Morton Russell Riley|Riley, Morton Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJJ7-62N] - 1911(Vic)-1963(Vic) - Licences: 3TN Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1789, 1936, Vic; BOCP 507, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Hamilton, Vic, 1934-1954)

* [[/William Frederick Riley|Riley, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LK87-JBH] - 1919(WA)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 4FS Brisbane (Moorooka, 1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2240, 1938, Qld; COCP1 401, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Longreach, Qld, 1943; Moorooka, Qld, 1949); aircraft surveyor (Lane Cove, NSW, 1954; Gladesville, NSW, 1958-1968; Turramurra, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/William James Riley|Riley, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKCG-NHL] - 1907(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2YX Sydney (Balmain, 1932-1939, 1946-1950; Strathfield, 1954; Balmain, 1955-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1056, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Refer Ancestry.com for details of a difficult life - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balmain, NSW, 1933-1977)

===''RING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ring|Ring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Mostyn Ring|Ring, Keith Mostyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKB8-YR7] - 1913(SA)-1991(SA) - Licences: 5KH Adelaide (Kensington Park, 1932-1939, 1947-1948; Marion, 1954; Eden Hills, 1955-1969); 5KH Williamstown (1975); 5KH Kapunda (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 923, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank official (Jamestown, SA, 1941-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leo Ring|Ring, Thomas Leo]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-D97] - 1893(Vic)-1945(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 233, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIE Esperance (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1916; Sandgate, 1921); clerical assistant (Bowen, Qld, 1925); postmaster (Texas, 1930-1937); retired (Hendra, Qld, 1943)

===''RINGROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ringrose|Ringrose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Ringrose|Ring, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPC-GSV] - 1900(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YR Sydney (Epping, 1931-1939); 2BSR Forster (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 421, 1919 (Marconi); COCP2 129, 1930; COCP1 193, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Epping, NSW, 1935-1949); radio technician (Eastwood, NSW, 1954); technician (OTC Doonside Rd, Blacktown, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''RIPPEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adolf Heinrich Gerhard Rippen|Rippen, Adolf Heinrich Gerhard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLK-QSB] - 1919(WA)-1941(Off coast of Kenya) - Licences: 6GR Perth (Fremantle, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1731, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, HMAS Sydney II, Telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Fremantle, 1943) - Links: [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=478 HMAS Sydney II Memorial]; [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/644953 VWMA]; [http://www.streetwisemedia.com.au/unknown-sydney-sailor-named-after-80-years/ Streetwise] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''RIVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edmund Ronald Rivers|Rivers, Edmund Ronald or Ronald Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDJH-V2S] - 1901(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: 3ER Receive Melbourne (Essendon, 1922-1923); 3ER Melbourne (Essendon, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 767, 1923 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''RIX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rix|Rix, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Henry George Rix|Rix, Walter Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMQX-KZQ] - 1898(Qld)-1923(Qld) - Licences: 4EC Receive Brisbane (Bulimba, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: tram conductor (Valley, Qld, 1919-1921)

===''ROBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robb|Robb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Lindsay Robb|Robb, Walter Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-JBL] - 1917(Vic)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3WX Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1938-1939); 3YR Melbourne (South Caulfield, 1947-1948; Essendon West, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2122, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: finisher (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1942); toolmaker (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); draftsman (Essendon, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''ROBBINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Fellows Robbins|Robbins, Thomas Fellows]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX5X-2SL] - 1918(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5DK Adelaide (Fullarton, 1935-1937; Malvern, 1938-1939); 5AQ Leigh Creek (1954-1960); 5AQ Port Augusta (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1548, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Malvern, SA, 1941-1943)

===''ROBERTS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roberts|Roberts, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles D'Arcy Roberts|Roberts, Charles D'Arcy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2N-VBN] - 1909(NSW)-1943(Burma) - Licences: 2JV Sydney (Greenwich, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 408, 1928, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (signalman, 8 Division Signals, 1943) - Electoral rolls: clerk (Lane Cove, 1930-1937) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Edmund Charles Roberts|Roberts, Edmund Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1Q-WMS] - 1919(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1946; Punchbowl, 1947); 9QK Lae (1948); 2QK Sydney (Lakemba, 1954-1961); 2QN Lakemba (1969); 4QI Gladstone (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2279, 1939, NSW; BOCP 1882, 1960; TVOCP 310, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1958); technician (Bendigo, Vic, 1963); TV technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1963-1972); RAN (Nowra, NSW, 1972-1977); radio technician (Gladstone, Qld, 1977-1980); engineer (Seaford, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Harry Mayland Roberts|Roberts, Harry Mayland or Mayfield (Electoral Rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLH-KKF] - 1912(SA)-1979(SA) - Licences: 5MY Adelaide (Alberton East, 1931; Myrtle Bank, 1938-1939; Fullarton Estate, 1947-1954; Plympton, 1955-1965; North Plympton, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 763, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Myrtle Bank, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Herbert Charles Roberts|Roberts, Herbert Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHG-122] - 1902(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3HR Sea Lake (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1669, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Sea Lake, Vic, 1931-1977)

* [[/J. C. A. Roberts|Roberts, J. C. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XAAY Sydney (Parramatta, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Identification: Not yet identified, despite three given names - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Michael Denis Roberts|Roberts, John Michael Denis or Dennis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89R-5VT] - 1917(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2ACK Sydney (Haberfield, 1936-1939); 2JS Sydney (Campsie, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1656, 1936, NSW; AOCP1 8, 1946; COCP1 1119, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Haberfield, NSW, 1943); engineer (Cronulla, NSW, 1954-1963)

* [[/Keith McLeod Roberts|Roberts, Keith McLeod]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJS-1GN] - 1909(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1938-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2109, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1929-1946) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Nicholas William Roberts|Roberts, Nicholas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRC-XKV] - 1915(SA)-1936(SA) - Licences: 5NR Adelaide (St Peters, 1933-1936) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1228, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, age 21yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Noel Grafton Roberts|Roberts, Noel Grafton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRD-CCL] - 1924(Eng)-2008(Eng) - Licences: 5NR Katherine (1947) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 589, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio inspector (Tally Ho, Vic, 1967-1968; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Phillip Roberts|Roberts, Phillip]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZF Narrandera (1932-1935); 2AFF Wagga Wagga (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1014, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet fully identified - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Narrandera, NSW, 1931-1932); storeman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Richard George Crafter Roberts|Roberts, Richard George Crafter or Crofter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWFZ-Z24] - 1901(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2UU Sydney (Ashfield, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 750, 1922; 2COCP 430, 1933; 1COCP 505, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Ashfield, 1933-1936; Lovetts Bay, 1943; Chatswood, 1949-1958)

* [[/Ronald Joseph Roberts|Roberts, Ronald Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1S-97N] - 1913(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1887, 1937, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Melbourne South, Vic, 1936-1943); technician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/Russell Flexmore Roberts|Roberts, Russell Flexmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LL4K-265] - 18??-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4PN Brisbane (West End, 1927-1933; Annerley, 1937-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 372, 1927, No. 41 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; television experimenter (4CM); broadcaster (4BC, manager) - Electoral Rolls: musical director (South Brisbane, 1919); musician (Coorparoo, 1934); manager (Yeronga, 1936-1937); alderman (Annerley, 1954)

* [[/V. Roberts|Roberts, V.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBERTSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robertson|Robertson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Robertson|Robertson, Albert Edward &quot;Robbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBR1-G68] - 1908(???)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 3US Melbourne (Auburn, 1938-1939); 2US Sydney (Kogarah, 1946-1969; Chatswood, 1975; Castle Grove, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Kogarah, NSW, 1943-1968); radio officer (Chatswood, NSW, 1972); retired (Castle Cove, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Archibald Gordon Hamilton Robertson|Robertson, Archibald Gordon Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62Y-5YZ] - 1906(South Africa)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2ALA Sydney (Undercliffe, 1938-1939; Enfield, 1946-1950; Crows Nest, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2196, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Bankstown, NSW, 1930; Marrickville, NSW, 1930; Toxteth, NSW, 1932-1934; Campsie, NSW, 1935; Glebe, NSW, 1937; Enfield, NSW, 1943-1949; Crows Nest, NSW, 1954)

* [[/Brian Desmond Robertson|Robertson, Brian Desmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2G-W63] - 1921(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 1RD Macquarie Island (1950s); 5RD Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 998, 1946 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Sterling Robertson|Robertson, David Sterling]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-F7H] - 1920(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5RN Adelaide (Mt Lofty, 1937-1939, 1948-1965); 1ATR Canberra (Deakin, 1956; Yarralumla, 1960); 5RN Adelaide (Stirling, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1944, 1937, SA; 2COCP 346, 1940; 1COCP 405, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Husband of 5YL-1YL Denise Alison Robertson nee Haslam - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (North Sydney, 1943)

* [[/Denise Alison Robertson|Robertson nee Haslam, Denise Alison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW2M-JWG] - 1927(NSW)-2008(SA) - Licences: 1YL Canberra (Yarralumla, 1960-1965); 5YL Adelaide (Stirling, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3552, 1956, ACT - amateur operator; YL operator - Relationships: Wife of 5RN-1ATR David Sterling Robertson - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROBINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robins|Robins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Francis Robins|Robins, Eric Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZKN-B51] - 1919(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1938-1939, 1947); 6RB Northam (1948); 6RB Perth (Joondanna, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2221, 1938, WA; COCP1 2032, 1966 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1949); postal officer (Joondanna, WA, 1954-1972); public servant (Joondanna, WA, 1977-1980)

===''ROBINSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Robinson|Robinson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Robinson|Robinson, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1G8-ZJ2] - 1900(Eng)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2GR Sydney (Haberfield, 1930-1937; Richmond, 1938-1939; Hunter's Hill, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 498/499, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical meter tester (Haberfield, 1933-1936) - Callsign: 2GR callsign previously held by Joseph Sydney Marks

* [[/Arthur Robinson|Robinson, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CS-4PP] - 1926(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3ABF Sale (1948-1956); 3ABF Melbourne (Croydon, 1960); 3ABF Traralgon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2710, 1948, Vic; TVOCP 184, 1959 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Croydon, 1963); PMG TV technician (Traralgon, 1963-1980)

* [[/Charles John Robinson|Robinson, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNJD-DC5] - 1908(Tas)-2004(???) - Licences: 7RC Launceston (1936-1937); 7KR Launceston (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1668, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: carter (Launceston, 1936-1937); cordial maker (Launceston, 1943)

* [[/Harry Percival Robinson|Robinson, Harry Percival or Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1QW-J96] - 1905(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5HN Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1947-1960; Windsor Gardens, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2168, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fireman (Port Adelaide, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Robinson|Robinson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS7H-Q61] - 1895(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2EN Receive Sydney (Ryde, 1922-1923); 2RN Receive Sydney (Concord, 1923); 4RN Brisbane (Kedron, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur broadcaster; Honorary Radio Inspector NSW; First director 4QG - Comment: several contemporaneous JWRs - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Merthyr, Qld, 1925-1926); radio engineer (Highgate Hill, Qld, 1928); engineer (Herston, 1936-1937) - TroveTag: &quot;2EN-2RN-4RN - John William Robinson&quot;

===''ROBSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Colin Laudreux Robson|Robson, Colin Laudreux]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYV-TL8] - 1916(WA)-1973(WA) - Licences: 6XI Perth (Mt Lawley, 1937-1939); 6XI Northam (1947-1948); 6XI Waterloo (1954-1960); 6XI bunbury (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; 3COCP 181, 1936; AOCP 2055, 1937, WA; BOCP 234, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (6AM Quarters, Northam, WA, 1949; 6TZ, Waterloo, WA, 1958-1963; Bunbury, WA, 1968-1972)

===''ROCHE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roche|Roche, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/L. Roche|Roche, L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCG Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROCKBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rockberg|Rockberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alec Rockberg|Rockberg, Alec]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPW1-965] - 1907(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2RG Sydney (CBD, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 771, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Leichhardt, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1943; Nambucca Heads, NSW, 1949; Five Dock, NSW, 1954-1958; Haberfield, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''ROCKWELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Bruce Rockwell|Rockwell, Horace Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K882-BWV] - 1887(Tas)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XQH Brisbane (Wynnum) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; WW1; WW2; a founder of Wireless Institute of Queensland 1912 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1913; Wynnum, Qld, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Enoggera, Qld, 1919; Chelmer, Qld, 1925); electrician (Fort Lytton, Qld, 1936-1937); soldier (Middle Head, NSW, 1943); engineer (Northbridge, NSW, 1949)

===''RODDA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodda|Rodda, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William David Rodda|Rodda, William David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WK-4JB] - 1907(WA)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6WR Perth (Claremont, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 435, 1928, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 1191, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Claremont, 1931-1936; Nedlands, 1937; Claremont, 1943); control operator (Nedlands, 1949-1954); technician (Perth, 1958)

===''RODGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodger|Rodger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Malcolm Alan Rodger|Rodger, Malcolm Alan or Allen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3Y-LSY] - 1913(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3UI Tatura (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2334, 1939, Vic; BOCP 587, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Kyabram, Vic, 1934; Tatura, Vic, 1935-1954)

===''RODWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rodwell|Rodwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Rodwell|Rodwell, Albert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWX8-VG7] - 1909(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Bowen Hills, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bowen Hills, Qld, 1936-1937); grocer (Kedron, Qld, 1943-1949); company manager (Wavell Heights, Qld, 1954-1968); bookseller (Aspley, Qld, 1972)

* [[/J. G. Rodwell|Rodwell, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 244 Sydney (North Sydney, 1920) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roger|Roger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herman Roger|Roger, John Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ3-315] - 1901(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2KV Sydney (Moore Park, 1929); 2KV Newcastle (CBD, 1930-1933) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 829, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone electrician (Lambton, NSW, 1930); telephone mechanic (Newcastle, NSW, 1932); no occupation (Earlwood, NSW, 1934-1937); engineer (Beresfield, NSW, 1949); broadcasting technician (Surry Hills, NSW, 1949); broadcasting engineer (Earlwood, NSW, 1954); postal employee (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Chatswood, NSW, 1972-1980);

===''ROGERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rogers|Rogers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bernard Stanley Rogers|Rogers, Bernard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXPV-L34] - 1912(SA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5FG Adelaide (Blackwood, 1934-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1948; Glandore, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1274, 1934, SA; 1COCP 907, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Edwardstown, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Joseph Edwin Rogers|Rogers, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGYT-JXW] - 1904(Tas)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1933-1937); 2AHN Sydney (Epping, 1938); 3TO Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948); 3TO Yallourn (1954-1965); 3TO Newborough (1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1091, 1933, Vic; BOCP 1452, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1933-1937; Nedlands, WA, 1943); patrolman (Yallorn, Vic, 1949-1967); clerk (Newborough, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Lionel Cecil Rogers|Rogers, Lionel Cecil or Cecil Lionel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MBJJ-56H] - 1904(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3KF Receive Melbourne (Seddon, 1922); 3LI Melbourne (Seddon, 1937; Footscray, 1938-1939; Seddon, 1947-1948); 3ADQ Rockbank (1965) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 836, 1924 (Spark); COCP2 101, 1937; COCP1 474, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1926-1931); labourer (McMillans, Vic, 1935-1936); operator (Footscray North, Vic, 1936; Footscray South, Vic, 1937-1949); technician (wireless station, Rockbank, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Richard Rogers|Rogers, Richard &quot;Ric&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBZN-LHZ] - Living - Licences: 7RO Hobart (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; historian (Amateur Radio Tas) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROHDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Campbell Rohde|Rohde, William Campbell &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76S-GRF] - 1907(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4RW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 493, 1929, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (YWCA Wireless Club); comms engineer (PMGD); broadcast engineer (4QG) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Red Hill, 1934-1943; Newmarket, 1949); postal engineer (Coorparoo, 1958-1980)

===''ROLLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rolls|Rolls, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Rolls|Rolls, Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX95-V3F] - 1886(???)-1957(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, Central Office, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Auburn, Vic, 1916-1919); naval officer (Camberwell, Vic, 1924-1925); engineer (Hawthorn, Vic, 1928-1949)

===''ROOKS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rooks|Rooks, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Rooks|Rooks, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6FX-5F2] - 1904(Eng)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2ADD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1937); 3DD Melbourne (Cribb Point, 1938); 6DD Perth (Redcliffe, 1947-1948); 4DD Townsville (1956-1969); 2BDD Sydney (Sans Souci, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 23, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Sans Souci, NSW, 1934-1937; Cribb Point, Vic, 1942); radio inspector (Sans Souci, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Redcliffe, WA, 1949); communications officer (Sans Souci, NSW, 1954); communications supervisor (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1968); retired (Townsville, Qld, 1972; Sans Souci, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''ROPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roper|Roper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thornton Graham Roper|Roper, Thornton Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HY-FH7] - 1898(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3ZB Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1954; Surrey Hills, 1955; East Malvern, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2370, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster?; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (at WW1 enlistment); turner &amp; fitter (Melbourne East, Vic, 1922-1924); turner (Oakleigh, Vic, 1925-1931); fruiterer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1934-1937); fitter (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1954); technician (Malvern East, Vic, 1963)

===''ROSCOE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Thomas Roscoe|Roscoe, Geoffrey Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QR-GJY] - 1900(Qld)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Receive Condamine (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Condamine, Qld, 1925; Macknade, Qld, 1936-1937; Boonah, Qld, 1943); retired (St Lucia, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''ROSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rose|Rose, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Benjamin Isaac Rose|Rose, Benjamin Isaac]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDQ-GPR] - 1898(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3FR Receive Melbourne (South Oakleigh, 1922); 3TG Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 754, 1922 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1936); carrier (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942); grocer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949); storeman (North Clayton, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Henry Englebert Rose|Rose, Henry Englebert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD1-TF3] - 1894(NSW)-1947(Qld) - Licences: 2LP Receive Warren (1922); 2HR Warren (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Dalby, Qld, 1913); station manager (Yanganbil, NSW, 1930); grazier (Warren, NSW, 1933); stock and station agent (Warren, NSW, 1935-1936; Annaby, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/Robert William (Qld) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Qld)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DS-JJM] - 1911(Qld)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 4RR Brisbane (1925); 4RQ Longreach (1930-1939, 1946-1948); 2AQR Wallsend (1956-1961); 2AQR Avoca (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 576, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; chemist - Comment: Another Robert William Rose b1923 BOCP 993 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, 1925); chemist (Longreach, 1936-1949; West Wallsend, 1958-1963; Avoca Beach, 1968)

* [[/Robert William (Vic) Rose|Rose, Robert William (Vic)]] - 1923(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 993, 1948; 3AIR 1790, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

===''ROSEBLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rex Kitchener Roseblade|Roseblade, Rex Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHF-YPM] - 1914(Vic)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 3QJ Melbourne (Kew, 1932-1939); 2RI Canberra (Barton, 1947); 3QJ Melbourne (Balcombe Camp, 1954-1955; Ashburton, 1956-1960); 1QJ Canberra (Narrabundah, 1965-1969; Campbell, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 930, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 152, 1938; 2COCP 177, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937-1943); soldier (Glen Iris, Vic, 1954; Narrabundah, ACT, 1963-1968; Campbell, ACT, 1972-1980)

===''ROSENSKJAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Rosenskjar|Rosenskjar, F.]] - 19??-19?? - 4?? Brisbane (Fairfield) (Operator 4BI), amateur operator, amateur broadcaster

===''ROSEVEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosevear|Rosevear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Donovan Rosevear|Rosevear, Ernest Donovan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHWL-VRK] - 1914(SA)-2002(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2405, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: panelbeater (Brighton, SA, 1939); press operator (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''ROSEWARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jeffrey Paul Rosewarne|Rosewarne, Jeffrey Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-ZWP] - 1920(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: 5MN Snowtown (1947-1948); 5MN Kadina (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2313, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''ROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ross|Ross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander David Ross|Ross, Alexander David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G68V-KFR] - 1883(Sct)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as Professor of Mathematics &amp; Physics, University of Perth) - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Perth Club, 1916; West Perth, 1925-1954); retired (Albany, WA, 1958-1963) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/ross-alexander-david-8270 ADB]; [[w:Alexander_David_Ross|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/201206204747/features/setting-standards-excellence/ UWA]; [https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1967QJRAS...8..297. Harvard Obit]

* [[/John Francis Ross|Ross, John Francis &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1Z1-TYT] - 1922(SA)-2021(NSW)98yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - engineer (PMGD); journalist (editor, The Broadcaster); historian (broadcasting, Amateur Radio, radiocommunications); author (&quot;History of Radio in South Australia&quot;; &quot;Radio Broadcast Technology&quot;); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, &quot;For service to the media as a radio broadcasting engineer&quot;, 1989 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Reginald Waterstone Mansen Ross|Ross, Reginald Waterstone Mansen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RP-ZML] - 1907(South Africa)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 2IG Albury (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1429, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mildura, Vic, 1934; Albury, NSW, 1936-1943); technical assistant (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1958-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''ROST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rost|Rost, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Rost|Rost, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2S-FXW] - 1887(Qld)-1949(NSW) - Licences: XBR Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913; Epping, NSW, 1930-1937; Eastwood, NSW, 1943; West Ryde, 1949)

===''ROUDIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roudie|Roudie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrea Roudie|Roudie, Andrea &quot;Andrew&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNX-X16] - 1912(Greece)-2008(Vic) - Licences: 3UJ Melbourne (South Yarra, 1932-1933; Fairfield, 1937-1939; Ashburton, 1947-1948; Ringwood East, 1954; Croydon, 1955-1965; Vermont, 1969-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 878, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); engineer (Ringwood, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Croydon, Vic, 1963); engineer (Vermont, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ROUTLEDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Angus Routledge|Routledge, Robert Angus &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX2-BDP] - 1913(SA)-1997(SA) - Licences: 5RA Adelaide (Richmond, 1930-1931; Henley Beach, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 679, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: manufacturer (Henley, 1939); radio technician (Henley, 1941); physics technician (Glenelg, 1943)

===''ROWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/R. L. Rowe|Rowe, R. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2LR Sydney (Milsons Point, 1928; McMahons Point, 1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 267, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''ROWLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowland|Rowland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Rowland|Rowland, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH14-G2J] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Ballarat (1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 657, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Grovedale, 1924); storekeeper (Majorca, 1925-1927; Ballarat, 1931); radio dealer (Ballarat, 1936-1980) - Comment: Don't confuse 3ZGG/3AFS Robert George Rowlands

===''ROWLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Rowlatt|Rowlatt, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCMJ-HZT] - 1892(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1915-1921); engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1925-1937); mechanical engineer (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1943-1968); retired (Chermside, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''ROWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowles|Rowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Alfred Rowles|Rowles, Charles Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPCL-YYT] - 1908(Eng)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 2OS Sydney (Double Bay, 1931-1933; Bondi, 1933-1935); 3OS Melbourne (Armadale, 1947; East St Kilda, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 849, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 422, 1933; COCP1 361, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bus conductor (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); radio (Waverley, NSW, 1934-1935); aeradio operator (Aeradio Station, Forrest, WA, 1943); control officer (St Kilda West, Vic, 1949); technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1954); radio engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1958; Jordanville, Vic, 1967-1968; Mt Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROWLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rowley|Rowley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Rowley|Rowley, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76R-9S5] - 1916(Vic)-1991(NZ) - Licences: 3QF Melbourne (Avonsleigh, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954; East Frankston, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2071, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937-1942); builder (Avonleigh, Vic, 1949-1954; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Roy|Roy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Beresford|Roy, Arthur Beresford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXWQ-QB1] - 1910(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2OP Sydney (Waverley, 1931-1939; Rose Bay, 1946-1947); 2OP New Lambton (1948); 2OP Sydney (Leichhardt, 1950; Strathfield, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 722, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Waverley, NSW, 1932-1937; New Lambton, NSW, 1943; Leichhardt, NSW, 1949; Homebush, NSW, 1958; Strathfield, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Arthur Richard Roy|Roy, Arthur Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGKT-N5V] - 1916(NSW)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 2ADR Sydney (Mascot, 1936-1939); 3ADR Melbourne (Elwood, 1947-1956; Armadale, 1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1734, 191936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mascot, NSW, 1937); St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); manufacturer (Toorak, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''ROYLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Royle|Royle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Arthur Kirkcaldy Royle|Royle, William Arthur Kirkcaldy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ13-BBQ] - 1909(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2WA Sydney (Edgecliff, 1927-1928); 2AWK Sydney (Darling Point, 1946-1950; Sandringham, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 318, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: underwriter (Edgecliff, 1936-1954); agent (Sandringham, 1958)

===''RUBAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruban|Ruban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Ruban|Ruban, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-DMS] - 1925(???)-2015(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Footscray North, 1963-1968); technician (Maidstone, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''RUCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruck|Ruck, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Leonard Ruck|Ruck, Charles Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTVS-3DH] - 1894(Vic)-1968(Vic) - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (East Malvern, 1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 315, 1917 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Merchant Navy, 1914-1925) - Electoral Rolls: architect (Malvern, Vic, 1922; Malvern East, Vic, 1924-1933; Canterbury, Vic, 1934-1936; Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1963); retired (Camberwell, Vic, 1968)

===''RUDKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rudkin|Rudkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Rudkin|Rudkin, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQQ-3WC] - 1910(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2DG Newcastle (Stockton, 1935-1936; Abermain, 1937-1939; Maitland, 1946-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1418, 1935, NSW; BOCP 435, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wickham, NSW, 1932); dairy farmer (Stratford, NSW, 1933); carrier (Stockton, NSW, 1935; Abermain, NSW, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Abermain, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Maitland, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''RUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumble|Rumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Eric Rumble|Rumble, James Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G49Y-S8W] - 1917(WA)-1999(WA) - Licences: 6RU Perth (Subiaco, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Wembley, 1954-1960; City Beach, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2222, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Subiaco, WA, 1949); manager (Wembley, WA, 1954-1963); company director (City Beach, WA, 1968-1980)

===''RUMBOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rumbold|Rumbold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Rumbold|Rumbold, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VKD-BSQ] - 1907(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3GR Bendigo (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 349, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Bendigo, Vic, 1928); insurance agent (Kyneton, Vic, 1931; Shepparton, Vic, 1931; Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937); assistant superintendent (Bendigo, Vic, 1942-1954); cabinet maker (Bendigo, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''RUSE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ruse|Ruse, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas William Ruse|Ruse, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZMB-QWY] - 1891(Vic)-1987(WA)95yo - Licences: 6WK Perth (Perth City, 1930-1931; Osborne Park, 1933-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 627, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Osborne Park, 1916-1972); retired (Bunbury, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSACK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russack|Russack, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Lancelot Russack|Russack, Harry Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYZX-Q5L] - 1907(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2BN Sydney (Hurstville, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 946, 1927; COCP2 81, 1930) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Croydon, NSW, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, NSW, 1943-1954); agent (Surry Hills, NSW, 1958); company director (Greenwich, NSW, 1958; Forestville, NSW, 1963; Frenchs Forest, NSW, 1968);  retired (Stuarts Point, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''RUSSELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Russell|Russell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Cooper Russell|Russell, Albert Cooper &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-BQV] - 1916(WA)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 6AR Albany (1936-1937); 6AR Northam (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1670, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937); mechanic (New Town, Tas, 1943-1949); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Sans Souci, NSW, 1958; Double Bay, NSW, 1963; Kensington, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/George Justice Russell|Russell, George Justice &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPLY-QTV] - 1908(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2QA Tullamore (1932-1936); 2QA Nyngan (1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 960, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Tullamore, NSW, 1930-1936); radio engineer (Nyngan, NSW, 1937-1968); retired (Nyngan, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Ronald Albert Henry Russell|Russell, Ronald Albert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6Q8-Z2W] - 1912(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3EO Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2176, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Cobug, Vic, 1934); constable (Melbourne East, Vic, 1936; Coburg, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''RUTHERFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Rutherford|Rutherford, Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZLK-WGB]- 1871(NZ)-1937(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [[w:Ernest Rutherford|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1908/rutherford/biographical/ Nobel Prize]; [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Rutherford Britannica]

===''RUTLEDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutledge|Rutledge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Rutledge|Rutledge, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M441-T34] - 1904(WA)-1991(WA) - Licences: 6DC Receive Perth (Highgate Hill, 1923); 6CR Perth (North Perth, 1960-1965, Applecross, 1969; Attadale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2496, 1942, WA; BOCP 547, 1944 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (North Perth, WA, 1925-1926); chemist (Dalwallinu, WA, 1934-1943); radio electrician (Maylands, WA, 1949-1954); pharmaceutical chemist (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1958-1963); pharmacist (Applecross, WA, 1968); chemist (Attadale, WA, 1972-1980)

===''RUTTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Rutter|Rutter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alfred Rutter|Rutter, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR8B-67C] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2CB Sydney (Artarmon, 1936-1939; Hornsby, 1946-1980+); 2BCB Culburra (1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1662, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: textile worker (Artarmon, NSW, 1937); mechanic (Hornsby, NSW, 1949-1980)

===''RYAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ryan|Ryan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert John Ryan|Ryan, Albert John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWH-V6X] - 1897(Vic)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2LE Canberra (Kingston, 1930-1933); 2YN Canberra (Kingston, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 489, 1919; AOLCP 80, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Training School, 1918-1919); PMGD (junior mechanic NSW, 1917; clerk, 1919)  broadcast engineer; founder of 2CA Canberra commercial - Comment: several contemporaneous AJR's - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Clement James Ryan|Ryan, Clement James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJS-2TB] - 1916(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3DZ Portland (1936-1937); 3DZ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939; Middle Park, 1947-1948; Balaclava, 1954-1960; Glenhuntly, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1667, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Albert Park, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ripponlea, Vic, 1963); technical officer (Glenhuntly, Vic, 1968); technical (Carnegie, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Cornelius Edward Ryan|Ryan, Cornelius Edward &quot;Con&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTH8-84B] - 1907(Qld)-1989(Qld) - Licences: 4ZS Brisbane (Oxley, 1938-1939, 1947); 4ZS Rockhampton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2190, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1940-1947) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1930-1943); cleaner (Rockhampton, Qld, 1954); labourer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1980)

* [[/George Edward Ryan|Ryan, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CM-RCC] - 1910(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1939; Dutton Park, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1633, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telephone mechanic (PMGD) - Comment: several contemporaneous GERs - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1937); telephone mechanic (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1954); PMG Instructor (St Lucia, Qld, 1958); instructor (Taringa, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Michael James Ryan|Ryan, Michael James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXQ-2MC] - 1909(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3NV Melbourne (Merlynston, 1938-1939, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2072, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Several contemporaneous MJRs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter George Ryan|Ryan, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RR-ZQ1] - 1904(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2TI Sydney (Kensington South, 1935-1936; Kingsford, 1937-1939, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1422, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: master butcher (Kensington, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''RYMILL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Campbell Rymill|Rymill, Arthur Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXVS-CTB] - 1907(SA)-1989(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Robert Riddoch Rymill|Rymill, Robert Riddoch]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5N-YC9] - 1904(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: V753 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GX Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ethnologist (South Yarra, 1931) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/535352 WW2]

=='''S'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''SAAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Saar|Saar, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ52-N3K] - 1889(???)-1956(WA) - Licences: 6CZ Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923); 6CZ Northam (1923-1925); 6KM Eucla (1926-1927); 6KM Geraldton (1933); 6KM Perth (Maylands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 264, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraph lineman (North Perth, WA, 1915); postal electrician (Northam, WA, 1917); mechanic (Bunbury, WA, 1916-1917; Balkatta, WA, 1922; Eucla, WA, 1925-1926; North Perth, WA, 1928; Maylands, WA, 1931); postal electrician (Maylands, WA, 1936-1954)

===''SABAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saban|Saban, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Saban|Saban, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNT4-QQK] - 1895(Vic)-1933(NSW) - Licences: XMI Melbourne (Auburn, 1913-1914); 2BL Receive Sydney (Waverley, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (East Sydney, NSW, 1930-1933)

===''SABELBERG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Joseph Brentani Sabelberg|Sabelberg, Charles Joseph Brentani]] - 1869(Vic)-1935(Vic) - Licences: 3CS Melbourne (Port Melbourne, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Licence possibly held for one of his sons - Electoral Rolls: physician (Violet Town, Vic, 1903-1906); medical practitioner (Port Melbourne, Vic, 1914-1931)

===''SAGAR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Noel Sagar|Sagar, Eric Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKS-4J9] - 1896(SA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 5CM Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1923); 5CM Adelaide (Largs Bay, 1924-1926); 4ES Brisbane (Greenslopes, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Halcyon: Not mentioned - Electoral Rolls: manager (Greenslopes, Qld, 1932); engineer (Darlinghurst, 1943-1949); orchardist (Kincumber, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SAINSBURY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Henry Sainsbury|Sainsbury, Rupert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L28X-5H3] - 1896(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1924-1936); 4YJ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1937-1939); 2YJ Sydney (Concord, 1946-1954; Epping, 1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 54, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Concord, 1930); traveller (Hendra, 1936-1937); soldier (Norman Park, 1943); executive (Concord West, 1949-1954); commercial traveller (Epping, 1958-1968)
===''SAINTY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Melville Sainty|Sainty, Clifford Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ61-1GZ] - 1907(NSW)-1987(SA) - Licences: 2MS Warrawee (1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 88, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF) - Relationships: likely related to XAH Stanley James Sainty - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Turramurra, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Loganholme, Qld, 1949); builder (Turramurra, NSW, 1954); manager (Turramurra, NSW, 1958-1968)

* [[/Stanley James Sainty|Sainty, Stanley James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXW9-W9D] - 1898(NSW)-1951(Vic) - Licences: XAH Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Five Dock, NSW, 1930); mechanical engineer (Tempe, NSW, 1931-1934); manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1936-1937); engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1943-1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAH - Stanley James Sainty&quot;

===''SALAMY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salamy|Salamy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Salamy|Salamy, Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZHH-VWR] - 1904(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: 3AJ Receive Warrnambool (1922-1923); 3AJ Warrnambool (1924-1933); 3PS Warrnambool (1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 35, 1924, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Warrnambool, 1924-1977)

===''SALLMANN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sallmann|Sallmann, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Herbert Sallmann|Sallmann or Sallman, Noel Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY1M-59M] - 1912(Vic)-2006(SA)94yo - Licences: 3UG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3AUG Merbein (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2023, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Camberwell, Vic, 1934-1937); assistant manager (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); manager (Merbein, Vic, 1954); estate agent (Merbein, Vic, 1963-1980); retired (Frankston, Vic, 1980)

===''SALMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Salmon|Salmon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Edward Francis Salmon|Salmon, James Edward Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY3W-B19] - 1916(Vic)-1952(Vic) - Licences: 3ZJ Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1934-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1321, 1934, Vic; BOCP 195, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); announcer (Caulfield, Vic, 1949)

* [[/Walter Edwin Salmon|Salmon, Walter Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQC-SWG] - 1902(Eng)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2SA Sydney (Naremburn, 1927-1929; Bondi North, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Kirrawee, 1950; Sutherland, 1954-1955; Kirrawee, 1956-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 298, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1934); police sergeant (Bondi, NSW, 1936-1943); police superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendant (Kirrawee, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SAMPHIER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard Luke Samphier|Samphier, Richard Luke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L58L-DPC] - 1914(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6YZ Perth (City, 1936-1937; Victoria Park, 1938-1939; Carlisle, 1947-1955; Mt Lawley, 1956-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1717, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: blind school worker (North Perth, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1943); Blind School employee (Carlisle, WA, 1949-1954; Mt Lawley, WA, 1958)
===''SAMPSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Walter Sampson|Sampson, Thomas Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFWX-3TB] - 1894(NSW)-1954(WA) - Licences: XYAF Boulder (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Boulder, WA, 1916-1922); electrical engineer (Claremont, WA, 1925-1954)

===''SANDEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Otto Sandel|Sandel, Otto]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4J-54J] - 1905(Qld)-1999(NSW) - 2UW Sydney (Manly, 1923; Kensington, 1923-1924; Northbridge, 1924-1925; Bellevue Hill, 1926-1927); 2HH Sydney (Woollahra, 1936-1939, 1946-1969; Bondi, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 270, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder B class 2UW Sydney &amp; 2UX Wagga Wagga - don't confuse Charles Albert Sandell of AAE fame - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Woolahra, 1930-1931); engineer (Bondi, 1933; Edgecliff, 1936-1937; Bondi Junction, 1943-1954; Bondi Beach, 1958-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2UW-2HH - Otto Sandel&quot;

===''SANDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandell|Sandell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Albert Sandell|Sandell, Charles Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9S2H-3J5] - 1886(Eng)-1980(WA) - Licences: ??? Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1911-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 155, 1915 -  early wireless experimenter; participant in the Australasian Antarctic Expedition; WW1; coastal wireless operator (VIE Esperance, VID Darwin, 1916) - Comment: don't confuse Otto Sandel of 2UW fame - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Radio Station, Esperance, WA, 1916); radio mechanic (Esperance, WA, 1922-1936); motor engineer (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937-1949); retired (Esperance, WA, 1954-1977)

===''SANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sander|Sander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Sander|Sander, John Henry &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K6WF-H23] - 1906(WA)-1955(WA) - Licences: 6MS Geraldton (1935-1937); 6MS Perth (Cannington, 1938-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1435, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wheelwright (Geraldton, WA, 1930); electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1931-1937); telephone mechanic (South Perth, WA, 1937; Cannington, WA, 1943-1954)

===''SANDERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanders|Sanders, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lawrence Dudley Sanders|Sanders, Lawrence Dudley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTP-ZYW] - 1910(Eng)-2007(NSW)96yo - Licences: 2AJG Sydney (Randwick, 1938-1939; Waverley, 1948-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 13, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Randwick, NSW, 1931-1937; Waverley, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''SANDERSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanderson|Sanderson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas George Sanderson|Sanderson, Douglas George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WZJ-2K3] - 1924(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast engineer (PMGD); historian (broadcast); federal public servant (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: PMG technician (Torwood, Qld, 1949-1954); technician (Ashgrove, Qld, 1958-1968); engineer (Chermside, Qld, 1972; Windsor, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SANDFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandford|Sandford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Murray Sandford|Sandford, Samuel Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTJV-XXG] - 1908(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3WJ Kyneton (1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 938, 1926 (Spark, Valve); COCP2 15, 1929; COCP1 276, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kyneton, Vic, 1931-1937); radio (Essendon North, Vic, 1942-1954); grazier (&quot;Maryvale&quot;, Kyneton, Vic, 1958-1980)

===''SANDHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandham|Sandham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Keith Sandham|Sandham, James Keith &quot;Keith&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''SANDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sands|Sands, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Roy Sands|Sands, William Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTDQ-W31] - 1918(WA)-2009(Qld) - Licences: 6BS Perth (South Perth, 1939, 1947); 5BL Adelaide (Plympton, 1948-1960; Fullarton, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2276, 1939, WA; AIR3 377, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: projectionist (South Perth, WA, 1943)

===''SANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sandy|Sandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Lionel Montague Sandy|Sandy, James Lionel Montague]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFGG-54G] - 1885(NSW)-1917(France) - Licences: XBB Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Australian Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/322425 VWM]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1213369 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SANKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ewart Sankey|Sankey, Reginald Ewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCLB-ZSM] - 1908(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3XP Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1934-1939; Kilsyth, 1947-1954; Bayswater, 1955-1960; Boronia, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1318, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: springmaker (Canterbury, Vic, 1931; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1936-1943); agriculturalist (Kilsyth, Vic, 1949-1954; Bayswater North, Vic, 1963); retired (Boronia, Vic, 1968-1980)
===''SANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sanson|Sanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. E. Sanson|Sanson, W. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJCM Warrnambool (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SARGENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sargent|Sargent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William George Holland Sargent|Sargent, William George Holland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XF-NF9] - 1916(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3SC Camperdown (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1879, 1937, Vic; BOCP 762, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Camperdown, Vic, 1943); radio mechanic (Camperdown, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SAUNDERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred Lewis Saunders|Saunders, Alfred Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-FMS] - 1909(SA)-2003(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Hyde Park, 1923-1924); 5BX Adelaide (Glenelg, 1925-1939, 1946-1955; Plympton, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 223, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Glenelg, 1939-1943)

===''SAW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saw|Saw, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick William Saw|Saw, Frederick William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9S9-JN3] - 1884(WA)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6DA Perth (Armadale, 1923-1926; Victoria Park, 1927); 6DA Albany (1930-1931); 6DA Perth (Wanneroo, 1933; North Perth, 1937-1939); 6DA Northam (1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 174, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: storekeeper (Armadale, 1909); electrician (Beverley, 1916-1917; Armadale, 1921-1925; Albany, 1928-1931; Balkatta, 1936; Leederville, 1937; Kalgoorlie, 1937-1943); mechanic (North Perth, 1949); retired (Triggs Island, 1954)

* [[/Malcolm Henry Saw|Saw, Malcolm Henry ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVCY-H9M] - 1921(WA)-1997(WA) - 6SM Perth (Doubleview, 1960-1980+), amateur operator (AOCP 3674, 1958, No. ?? in WA), WW2, engineer (Doubleview, 1972)

===''SAWERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawers|Sawers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Victor Sawers|Sawers, Thomas Victor &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB45-1B9] - 1917(Vic)-2014(Qld)96yo - Licences: 3OG Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1930); 3AOG Melbourne (Essendon, 1947-1969; Strathmore, 1975); 3AOG Barmah (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1921, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Essendon, Vic, 1942); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1949); aircraft inspector (Essendon, Vic, 1954); engineer (Essendon West, Vic, 1963-1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972); retired (Barmah, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SAWFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawford|Sawford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Francis Sawford|Sawford, Leonard Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7J-2XK] - 1908(SA)-1968(SA) - Licences: 5DH Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1923); 5LF Adelaide (Peterhead, 1925-1928; West Croydon, 1931; Largs, 1937-1939); 5YF Adelaide (Glen Osmond, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 173, 1925, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; agent (Largs, 1939) - Electoral Rolls: agent (Largs, SA, 1939-1941)

===''SAWYER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sawyer|Sawyer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred Edward Charles Sawyer|Sawyer, Wilfred Edward Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTRM-271] - 1895(Vic)-1963(Qld) - Licences: 3KJ Melbourne (Northcote, 1924-1926; Hurstbridge, 1927); 4KJ Thursday Island (1948-1956); 4KJ Rockhampton (1960) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 131, 1915 (Telefunken); COCP2 151, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator - Electoral Rolls: radio (Malvern, Vic, 1919); biograph operator (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1921; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1922); postal employee (Kew, Vic, 1925-1926); telegraphist (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1926); radio officer (Thursday Island, Qld, 1949-1954; Rockhampton, Qld, 1958); retired (Rockhampton, Qld, 1963)

===''SAXON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Saxon|Saxon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Maurice Saxon|Saxon, Kenneth Maurice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-4VZ] - 1922(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7AI Henrietta (1939, 1954-1975); 7AI Yolla (1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2300, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Henrietta, Tas, 1949-1958)

===''SCANLON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scanlon|Scanlon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Michael Scanlon|Scanlon, Francis Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCJ3-TFZ] - 1895(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2ALH Broken Hill (1938-1939); 2ALH Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2241, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Taree, NSW, 1930-1937; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1943-1963)

* [[/William Lawrence Scanlon|Scanlon, William Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKG-3XR] - 1901(Tas)-1971(NSW) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1921-1923); 7AL Hobart (West Hobart, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; sales (Medhursts, Hobart to 1924, Launceston from 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SCARFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scarff|Scarff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Joseph Scarff|Scarff, William Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM62-8NC] - 1914(Vic)-1954(Vic) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern, 1936-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1690, 1936, Vic; BOCP 79, 1937; COCP1 219, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Killed in vehicle accident - Electoral Rolls: student (Malvern, Vic, 1936-1937); tester (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1954)

===''SCETRINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scetrine|Scetrine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bert Scetrine|Scetrine, Bert or Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBJ9-YNX] - 1915(Tas)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 3BI Ballarat (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 7BI Scottsdale (1955-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2123, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Awards: OBE (Civil), services to community, 1976 - Electoral Rolls: radio electrician (Kingston, ACT, 1937); radio engineer (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954)

===''SCHAUMLOFFEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Johann Ludwig Schaumloffel|Schaumloffel, Johann Ludwig]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9K-WNC] - 1918(SA)-2001(SA) - Licences: 2JM Broken Hill (1939, 1946-1947); 5LS Adelaide (Flinders Park, 1948; Colonel Light Gardens, 1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 174, 1938; AOCP 2309, 1939, NSW; COCP2 370, 1940; COCP1 429, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Broken Hill, NSW, 1943)

===''SCHELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harley Irwin Schell|Schell, Harley Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD57-PV8] - 1907(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7AW Receive West Burnie (1922); Receive West Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kelso, 1936-1972)
===''SCHLEICHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schleicher|Schleicher, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Schleicher|Schleicher, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3D4-5RS] - 1918(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4KS Brisbane (Toowong, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Alderley, 1948-1965; Aspley, 1969-1975; McDowall, 1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 2144, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club member (WIAQ); radio employee (Tracksons, manager service); business proprietor (Blue &amp; White Cabs comms) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Toowong, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Alderley, Qld, 1949-1963); radio engineer (Aspley, Qld, 1968-1972; McDowall, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SCHMIDT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ronald Frederick Schmidt|Schmidt, Ronald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88P-1B9] - 1913(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3LY Trafalgar (1930); 3LY Moe (1931); 3LY Sale (1933-1939, 1946-1948); 3LY Melbourne (Camberwell, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 567, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 69, 1932; 1COCP 72, 1936; TVOCP 75, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Sale, 1934-1937); radio technician (Sale, 1949-1954); technician (Camberwell, 1954-1980)

===''SCHNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schnell|Schnell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fred H. Schnell|Schnell, Fred H.]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZH-QK1] - 1890(USA)-1957(USA) - Licences: W1MO - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; third permanent employee of ARRL; seconded to US Navy for the fleet visit to Australia in 1925; supervised the construction of a powerful shortwave set on the battleship Seattle &amp; worked the set during the cruise making numerous international contacts - Links: [[Fred_Schnell|Wikipedia]]; [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4180204 IRE Special Issue Radio Pioneers (5)MB)]

===''SCHNITZERLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Francis Joseph Schnitzerling|Schnitzerling, Leonard Francis Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G885-W43] - 1907(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CK Warwick (1938-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2099, 1938, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, 1928-1968)

===''SCHOFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schofield|Schofield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Schofield|Schofield, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXB3-69N] - 1874(Eng)-1971(WA)97yo - Licences: 6WS Perth (Peppermint Grove, 1935-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1463, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1919); broker (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1922-1968)

===''SCHOLTZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scholtz|Scholtz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy James Scholtz|Scholtz, Roy James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G73F-ZL5] - 1911(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2SI Sydney (Bondi, 1935; Woollahra, 1936; Wentworthville, 1937; Darlinghurst, 1938; Strathfield, 1939; Willoughby, 1947; Strathfield, 1948-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 32, 1935; COCP1 1519, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Waverley, NSW, 1933); electrical contractor (Wentworthville, NSW, 1933-1934); constable (Redfern, NSW, 1935-1936); police constable (Wentworthville, NSW, 1937; Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Strathfield, NSW, 1949; Burwood, NSW, 1954; Strathfield, NSW, 1958-1963); police officer (Coogee, NSW, 1968; Saratoga, NSW, 1977); retired (Gosford, NSW, 1980)

===''SCHOLZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hans Scholz|Scholz, Hans &quot;Harold&quot; / &quot;Harry&quot; / &quot;Tibby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G64P-CV3] - 19??(???)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1931); 4HR Nambour (1933); 4HR Brisbane (Coorparoo, 1937); 4HR Gladstone (1937-1939); 4HR Brisbane (Morningside, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 784, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ; South Brisbane RC; Brisbane DX Club); broadcast technician (PMGD) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Coorparoo, 1937); mechanic (Dalby, 1943); not stated (Morningside, 1949-1968)

===''SCHULTZ''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leonard Nelson Schultz|Schultz, Leonard Nelson &quot;Len&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJY-QBF] - 1906(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1922); 2LO Sydney (Lane Cove, 1923-1930); 2ANM Sydney (Mosman, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 171, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 45, 1931; 3AIR 176, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (co-designed 2GB, 1926; involved 2CA, 4BH, 2MW, 5DN); professional associations (IRE: foundation member, vice-president, president); aviator (Royal Aero Club NSW, committee) - Electoral Rolls: broadcasting engineer (Mosman, 1935-1937); engineer (Mosman, 1949-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;2LO-2ANM - Leonard Nelson Schultz&quot;

===''SCHULTZE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Schultze|Schultze, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Edwin Ludwig Schultze|Schultze, John Edwin Ludwig or John Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQTB-9FL] - 1906(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3QO Receive Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1923-1924); 3JS Melbourne (Glenferrie, 1925-1933; Hawthorn, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 163, 1925, Vic - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Hawthorn, 1934); mechanic (Auburn, Vic, 1937-1954); supervisor (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''SCOTLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotland|Scotland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Henry Scotland|Scotland, Leonard Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRKT-6ZL] - 1909(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ABV Sydney (Randwick, 1937-1939, 1946; Bondi Junction, 1947-1948; Randwick, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Randwick, NSW, 1930-1937); bus conductor (Randwick, NSW, 1943-1949); driver (Randwick, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''SCOTNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scotney|Scotney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hubert Roy Scotney|Scotney, Hubert Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRCV-KP5] - 1903(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2TS Sydney (Auburn, 1931-1933; Leichhardt, 1934-1937; Dulwich Hill, 1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 868, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salvation army officer (Bulimba, Qld, 1925; Armidale, NSW, 1930; Auburn, NSW, 1933; Leichhardt, NSW, 1934-1937; Lewisham, NSW, 1943; Marrickville, NSW, 1949-1954; Box Hill, Vic, 1963-1968; Connells Point, NSW, 1972; Belfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SCOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scott|Scott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil John Scott|Scott, Alfred Cecil John &quot;Cecil&quot;, &quot;Cec&quot;, &quot;Scottie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M12J-9YK] - 1888(Tas)-1954(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Launceston (1923); 7CS Launceston (1925-1931); 7CS Hobart (Lindisfarne, 1933; Sandy Bay, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 56, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: well-known for comic QSL cards - Electoral Rolls: bench clerk (Nelson, 1936; Hobart South, 1943-1954)

* [[/A. P. Scott|Scott, A. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJEE Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Ernest Kilburn Scott|Scott, Ernest Kilburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBDW-TBR] - 1868(Eng)-1941(Eng) - Came to Sydney in 1905 to organise electrical engineering department of University of Sydney, likely early wireless experimenter, promoted need for wireless telegraphy for Australia, returned to England ca 1910 - [https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Ernest_Kilburn_Scott Graces Guide - Ernest Kilburn Scott]

* [[/Francis Ladner Scott|Scott, Francis Ladner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHK-DTF] - 1899(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4BO Thursday Island (1933); 2UH Sydney (Randwick, 1934-1936; Naremburn, 1937-1938; La Perouse, 1939 - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 419, 1918; 2COCP 360, 1931; 1COCP 33, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; coastal wireless operator; military (UK Merchant Navy post WW1) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Nundah, Qld, 1921-1925); radio telegraphist (Pinkenba, Qld, 1929; Thursday Island, Qld, 1931; Randwick, NSW, 1935; Waverton, NSW, 1943; Wyndham, WA, 1943; Rockhampton, Qld, 1949)

* [[/George Archibald Scott|Scott, George Archibald &quot;Scotty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G682-TGN] - 1882(Eng)-1940(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 607, 1921; 1COCP 181, 1931 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); PMGD (radio inspector, WA); witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as radio inspector, WA) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rockhampton, 1913-1914; Hendra, 1915-1917); radio inspector (Fremantle, 1925-1937) - Links: [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84253651 Bio]

* [[/George Clement Scott|Scott, George Clement or Clement George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2FB-6R6] - 1903(WA)-1992(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2206, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: forestry employee (Mundaring, WA, 1931); labourer (East Fremantle, WA, 1936-1943); electrical engineer (Caringbah, NSW, 1958-1968); director (Caringbah, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Herbert Godfrey Scott|Scott, Herbert Godfrey &quot;Herb&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MJ-JFJ] - 1902(Qld)-1968(Qld) - Licences: 4HS Toowoomba (1931-1937); 4HS Brisbane (Albion, 1938-1939; 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 750, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (Qld Railways) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Toowoomba, 1925-1936; Albion, 1943-1968)

* [[/Jack Bartlett Scott|Scott, Jack Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VX-FLR] - 1909(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NR Sydney (Epping, 1930-1934); 2AJX Sydney (Cheltenham, 1938-1939; Epping, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 685, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Epping, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1968); retired (Carlingford, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/J. L. Scott|Scott, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2QW Receive Sydney (CBD, 1923); 2YM Sydney (CBD, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Keith Victor Scott|Scott, Keith Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB3L-QZH] - 1911(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3SS Maffra (1937-1939, 1947-1956); 3SS Melbourne (Noble Park, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1857, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: railways (Northcote, Vic, 1931); railway employee (Maffra, Vic, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Maffra, Vic, 1949-1954); retailer (Noble Park, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Maffra, Vic, 1977)

* [[/Robert Ochiltree Scott|Scott, Robert Ochiltree]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H4-5SX] - 1898(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 2RS Gundagai (1929-1931); 2RS Balranald (1933); 3OS Scotsburn (1937-1939); 3OS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 476, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Ballarat, 1920-1924); farmer (Murrayville, 1925-1927; Gundagai, 1930); mechanic (South Yarra, 1943; Melbourne, 1949)

* [[/Robert Townley Scott|Scott, Robert Townley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7YC-MBK] - 1841(Eng)-1922(Qld) - senior state public servant (secretary, Qld Post &amp; Telegraph Dept), senior federal public servant (secretary, Postmaster-General's Department)

* [[/W. F. Scott|Scott, W. F.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane (West End) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 334, 1927, No. 37 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: likely father of H. S. Scott who was reported youngest ever to pass AOCP at age 16 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Walter Dawson Scott|Scott, Walter Dawson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT6S-G96] - 1909(WA)-2006(WA) - Licences: 6WD Northam (1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2423, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: night station-master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1937); assistant stationmaster (Mullewa, WA, 1943); railway employee (Northam, WA, 1949); WAGR (Northam, WA, 1954); stationmaster (Station House, Bridgetown, WA, 1958); railway officer (Merredin, WA, 1963); stationmaster (Collie, WA, 1963-1972); retired (Gwlp, WA, 1977; Mnra, WA, 1980)

* [[/Walter Henry Scott|Scott, Walter Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G76Z-11G] - 1904(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Glenelg, 1923); 5HS Clare (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1888, 1937, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Clare, SA, 1939); telephone mechanic (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943)

===''SCRIVEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Scriven|Scriven, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Allenby Scriven|Scriven, James Allenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT4H-CM6] - 1918(SA)-1981(SA) - Licences: 5SN Adelaide (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2142, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SEBIRE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Dudley Sebire|Sebire, Leon Dudley &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V2-QX5] - 1932(Vic)-2006(Vic) - Licences: 3CF Melbourne (Wandin North, 1956-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 1319, 1955; 1COCP 1786, 1955 - amateur operator; director Telstra Broadcasting Branch - Relationships: son of 3MX Percival John Sebire - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wandin Yallock, 1954); engineer (Mordialloc, 1963-1980)  - Awards: Member Order of Australia &quot;For service to communications, particularly broadcasting&quot; (1991)
* [[/Percival John Sebire|Sebire, Percival John &quot;Percy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCFD-Z2R] - 1904(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3MX Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1930-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 692, 1930, Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 3CF Leon Dudley Sebire - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Elsternwick, 1926; Bentleigh, 1928-1936; Cheltenham, 1949; Moorabbin, 1954-1980)

===''SEBLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William John Sebley|Sebley, William John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-7VL] - 1894(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4WS Ipswich (1931-1939, 1946-1948); Southport (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 736, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Ipswich, 1915; North Ipswich, 1919-1949; Southport, 1954-1968);

===''SECCOMBE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Louis Mervyn Seccombe|Seccombe, Louis Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PW-XWM] - 1895(Tas)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3KT Receive Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1922-1923); 3KT Melbourne (East Kew, 1924; Ascot Vale, 1924-1925; Hawksburn, 1926; East Malvern, 1927); 2KT Sydney (Rockdale, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 396, 1940 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1919); commercial traveller (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1924); radio engineer (Rockdale, NSW, 1930-1937); wireless operator (Longreach, Qld, 1943); communications officer (Hurstville, 1949-1963); - Comment: Surname sometimes misspelled Secombe
===''SEELIGSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Edward Seeligson|Seeligson, Nathaniel Edward &quot;Nattie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHZ-7RF] - 1907(WA)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 6DF Receive Perth (West Perth, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (West Perth, WA, 1931); journalist (Carlton South, Vic, 1936-1937); teacher (Foster, Vic, 1943; St Kilda, Vic, 1949); journalist (Red Cliffs, Vic, 1949; St Kilda, Vic,  1954)

===''SELBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George William Selby|Selby, George William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LCTW-BMT] - 1858(Vic)-1949(Vic) - early wireless and X-ray experimenter
* [[/Robert Henry Selby|Selby, Robert Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4N8-MDP] - 1904(WA)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6CW Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Government employee (Subiaco, WA, 1928); tester (Redcliffe, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Applecross, WA, 1972-1980)

===''SELF''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Edward Self|Self, Thomas Edward]] - 1854(???)-19??(???) - b. 7 Jan 1854, Early Tasmanian wireless experimenter, demonstration before Royal Society 1898, beware another Thomas Edward Self (b. 9 Oct 1853) in Hobart at the same time
===''SELFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Giles Turner Selfe|Selfe, Harry Giles Turner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K24M-5XB] - 1894(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 157, 1915; 1COCP 51, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIA Adelaide (1917-1918); WW2; RANVR (commissioned telegraphist, 1942) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Geraldton, WA, 1918; Broome, WA, 1922; Leichhardt, NSW, 1933; Darling Harbour, NSW, 1934-1937)
===''SELLENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellenger|Sellenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Charles Sellenger|Sellenger, David Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VT-5GJ] - 1902(NSW)-1966(NSW) - Licences: 2DC Sydney (Hurstville, 1930-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 700, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Hurstville, 1930-1963)

===''SELLICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sellick|Sellick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Ronald Sellick|Sellick, Claude Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G32V-NX6] - 1913(SA)-1986(SA) - Licences: 5RQ Adelaide (Prospect, 1947-1956; Woodville South, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2179, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: metal worker (Hyde Park, SA, 1939)

* [[/Edward Sellick|Sellick, Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Mareeba, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

===''SELMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold George Selman|Selman, Harold George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRM4-3S8] - 1907(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Geelong (1925); 3GN Chilwell (1926); 3GN Geelong (1927); 3GN Melbourne (West Coburg, 1931); 3GN Geelong (1933); 3CM Geelong (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 164, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Coburg, Vic, 1931); radio dealer (Geelong, 1936-1954); fitter (Newcomb, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''SEMMENS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Segbert Cornwall Semmens|Semmens, George Segbert Cornwall]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G744-HQ5] - 1901(Vic)-1977(Vic) - Licences: XJCY Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1913-1914); V756 Receive (1922); 3GZ Receive Buln Buln East (1922); 3GS Laver's Hill (1925-1926); 3GS Queenstown (1927); 3GS Moreland (1931); 3GS Foxhow (1933); Melbourne (Essendon (1937-1939); Glen Iris (1946-1960); Clematis, 1965-1975); 3AEN Melbourne (Clematis, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 216, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Coburg, 1928; Preston, 1931; Essendon, 1936); res. chemist (Glen Iris, 1943-1963); technical adviser (Clematis, 1968-1977)

===''SERLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serle|Serle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cedric Serle|Serle, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-SC8] - 1910(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3RX Melbourne (Canterbury, 1928-1933; Toorak, 1937-1939; Elwood, 1946-1947); 3ARX Melbourne (Windsor, 1948-1956; Caulfield, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 443, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1934; Kew, Vic, 1936; Toorak, Vic, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1942; Prahran, Vic, 1949; Caulfield South, Vic, 1963-1972)

===''SERPELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Serpell|Serpell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Serpell|Serpell, Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CR-S4F] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3UV Melbourne (Canterbury, 1947; Camberwell, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2306, 1939, Vic; BOCP 189, 1938; COCP2 514, 1941; TVOCP 76, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1943); radio engineer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1963; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968); technician (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SETFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Setford|Setford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Richard Setford|Setford, Howard Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMVR-YN6] - 1911(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MQ Melbourne (Balwyn, 1931-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 836, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1934-1937); journalist (Camberwell North, Vic, 1943; Deepdene, Vic, 1949); laminex specialist (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963); representative (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1972)

===''SEWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sewell|Sewell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ian Kenneth Sewell|Sewell, Ian Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB51-5V1] - 1918(Eng)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 3IK Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1947-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2154, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1954); sales manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1963-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Sewell|Sewell, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4K-NDN] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CD Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Fremantle, WA, 1925-1931); manager (Leederville, WA, 1936-1943; Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949-1954; Applecross, WA, 1963-1977); technical adviser (Applecross, WA, 1980)

* [[/Percy Lambert Holt Sewell|Sewell, Percy Lambert Holt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDM1-YB1] - 1900(NSW)-1949(NSW) - Licences: 2CJ Receive Sydney (Paddington, 1922); 2CJ Sydney (Paddington, 1922-1925; Darlinghurst, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fire Station, Mittagong, 1930-1935; Mittagong, 1936-1937; Kempsey, 1943); installation inspector (Queanbeyan, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;2CJ - Percy Lambert Holt Sewell&quot;

===''SEYLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert Jakob Seyler|Seyler, Albert Jakob or Jacob]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8NL-F5N] - 1913(Ger)-1977(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Luftwaffe); radar engineer; television researcher; PMGD Research Laboratories (Assistant Director General) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mt Waverley, 1963; Burwood, 1968); PMG (Croydon, 1972); assistant director (Emerald, 1977) - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/seyler-albert-jakob-11660 ADB]

===''SHANNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shannon|Shannon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Henry Shannon|Shannon, Francis Henry &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT44-ZTB] - 1910(Qld)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 4SN Allora (1938-1939); 4SN Tamborine (1946-1947); 4SN Minden (1948-1956); 4SN Ipswich (East Ipswich, 1960-1969; Ipswich CBD, 1975); 4SN Toowoomba (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2145, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC; WIA; Qld Listeners' League); journalist (AR, VK4 Notes) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Goomburra, Qld, 1936-1937; Meringandan, Qld, 1943); teacher (Minden, Qld, 1949-1954; East Ipswich, Qld, 1958-1968; Ipswich, Qld, 1972); retired (Toowoomba, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Hugh Martindale Shannon|Shannon, Hugh Martindale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8FB-4K6] - 1898(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: XJDD Melbourne (Brunswick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Air Flying Corps) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1927-1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Blairgowrie, Vic, 1968-1977; Hampton, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Vincent Joseph Shannon|Shannon, Vincent Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5KB-PS4] - 1904(NSW)-1985(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1719, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Caboolture, Qld, 1925); postal clerk (Mitchell, Qld, 1928; Roma, Qld, 1930-1936; Bowen, Qld, 1937-1963); radio technician (Woody Point, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''SHARLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Bernard Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBX7-29B] - 1902(Tas)-1974(Tas) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: CPRT 696, 1922 (Marconi); COCP1 20, 1930 - radio telegraphist, WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: wireless officer (North Sydney, NSW, 1930); Radio Technician (Killara, NSW, 1933; Warringah, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Killara, NSW, 1954); engineer (Killara, NSW, 1958-1972)
* [[/Arthur Henry Sharland|Sharland, Arthur Henry &quot;Chilla&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZD-ZKS] - 1909(Qld)-1983(Qld) - Licences: 4SD Brisbane (Boondall, 1936-1939, 1946-1948; Ekibin, 1954); 4SD Cloncurry (1955); 4SD Brisbane (Wynnum North, 1956); 4SD Rockhampton (1960); 4SD Yeppoon (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1807, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAN, wireless operator); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Boondall, Qld, 1937-1943); Commonwealth officer (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954); communications officer (Rockhampton, Qld, 1958-1963; Yeppoon, Qld, 1968-1977); retired (Causeway via Yeppoon, Qld, 1980)

===''SHARP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John James Charles Sharp|Sharp, John James Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBZ-TZV] - 1897(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: 3KA Melbourne (Caulfield, 1930-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 591, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Prahran Gardens, 1919-1924; Caulfield, 1928-1972)

===''SHARPE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Victor Sharpe|Sharpe, Frank Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMD2-GVZ] - 1904(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4AZ Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1924-1929; Ashgrove, 1930-1937; Redcliffe, 1938-1939); 4ZFS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1975); 4FV Brisbane (Clayfield, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 20, 1924, No. 4 in Qld; AOCP Q112, 1975 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (RSQ, WIAQ); military (AMF) - Awards: C.M.G.; O.B.E. - Electoral Rolls: merchant (Wooloowin, 1925-1929); director (Ashgrove, 1934-1937); soldier (Ashgrove, 1943); machinist (likely typo for merchant) (Clayfield, 1949); merchant (Clayfield, 1954-1980)

===''SHAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Archibald John Shaw|Shaw, Archibald John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8K2-ZDZ] - 1872(NSW)-1916(Vic) - XPO King Island (1911); X?? Sydney (Randwick), early wireless experimenter, proprietor Maritime Wireless Telegraph Co of Australasia (1910+) with Edward Hope Kirkby, technical specialist - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/shaw-archibald-john-8404 ADB] [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199003.pdf EA]
* [[/J. G. Shaw|Shaw, J. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Chelmer, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw|Shaw, Raymond Herbert Preston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3J-J31] - 1901(Eng)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2LY Receive Sydney (Bondi, 1922-1923); 2LY Sydney (Woolahra, 1924-1929; South Kensington, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 664, 1921 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Kensington, 1930-1931; Vaucluse, 1932-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;2LY - Raymond Herbert Preston Shaw&quot;
* [[/Sidney Alexander Shaw|Shaw, Sidney Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFJY-4NH] - 1882(Eng)-1974(WA) - Licences: 6AI Perth (East Guildford, 1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant station master (Woolgangee, WA, 1916-1917); railway officer (East Guildford, WA, 1925-1926); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1930-1931); station master (Coolgardie, WA, 1936-1943); retired (East Fremantle, WA, 1949-1972)

===''SHAWSMITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Alan &quot;Smithy&quot; or Alan Shaw Smith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G37T-B3Y] - 1917(Qld)-2010(Qld) - Licences: 4SA Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1935-1939); 4SS Brisbane (West End, -1952-2010) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1582, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; historian (amateur); journalist; broadcast engineer (ABC2); public servant (ABC2) - Relationships: Father of 4JSS Steven Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Salisbury, Qld, 1943); radio mechanic (West End, Qld, 1949); builder (West End, Qld, 1954-1980)
* [[/Steven Shawsmith|Shawsmith, Steven &quot;Steve&quot;]] - Licences: 4JSS Brisbane - Qualifications:  (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld) - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 4SA-4SS Alan Shawsmith - Electoral Rolls:

===''SHEARER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Gordon Anderson Shearer|Shearer, Gordon Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV5G-JW4] - 1907(Qld)-1984(Vic) - Licences: 4FU Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923-1924); 4GA Gayndah (1930); 4GA Mt Nebo (1931-1934); 4GA Cloncurry (Quamby, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 447, 1928, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 95, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; employment (school teacher); state public servant (Qld Dept Education); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Quamby, Qld, 1937; Westbrook, Qld, 1943); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1949); communications officer (Cloncurry, 1954); supervisor (Surrey Hills, 1963-1968); retired (Vermont, 1972-1980)
===''SHEARSTONE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vincent Leonard Shearstone|Shearstone, Vincent Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G895-CYJ] - 1916(Eng)-1983(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: BOCP 4, 1936 - WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Albury, 1937); radio announcer (Goulburn, 1943); radio electrician (Goulburn, 1949-1980)
===''SHELDRICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Cornwell Sheldrick|Sheldrick, Eric Cornwell &quot;Shel&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-X2X] - 1903(Eng)-1966(Tas) - Licences: 7BH Receive Launceston (1923); 7BH Launceston (1924-1926); 7BT Launceston (1927); 7BM Launceston (1931-1939); 7DM Burnie (1948-1954); 7DN Stowport (1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 60, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist's assistant (Launceston, 1928-1943)

===''SHELLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shelley|Shelley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Hamilton Shelley|Shelley, George Hamilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55B-2H4] - 1909(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2QF Sydney (Crows Nest, 1935-1937; Newport Beach, 1938-1939; Waverton, 1946-1948; Newport, 1950-1975); 2ABK Sydney (Newport Beach, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1469, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Newport Beach, NSW, 1936-1954); radio technician (Newport, NSW, 1958-1968; Newport Beach, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Max Robert Shelley|Shelley, Max Robert or Robert Max]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPR-K4X] - 1895(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: XDG Sydney (Henley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 4th Battalion, Lieutenant, 1915-1917; Aust Flying Corps, 1917-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: decorator (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1933-1937)

===''SHELLSHEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shellshear|Shellshear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Guy Shellshear|Shellshear, Walter Guy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2DZ-F7R] - 1887(NSW)-1970(Qld) - Licences: XIN Walla (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical practitioner (Cardiff, NSW, 1930-1932; Sandgate, Qld, 1936-1969)

===''SHENFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shenfield|Shenfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence Kennerley Shenfield|Shenfield, Clarence Kennerley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYG-GS1] - 1907(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3CK Cobden (1933-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1206, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Cobden, Vic, 1931-1968); casual worker (Cobden, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Cobden, Vic, 1980)

===''SHENTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maurice Hilton Shenton|Shenton, Maurice Hilton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G67C-Q1B] - 1903(Qld)-1940(Qld) - Licences: 4DC Receive Brisbane (Wynnum South, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: irrigation ganger (Bald Hills, 1925); assistant stream gauger (North Ipswich, 1928); public servant (Annerley, 1937)
===''SHEPARD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arundel Elmore Shepard|Shepard, Arundel Elmore]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8QY-8HX] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5DC Adelaide (Norwood, 1928-1930; Kent Town, 1931-1933; Norwood, 1937-1939; Toorak East, 1946-1965; Heathpool, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 393, 1928, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 136, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPHERD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shepherd|Shepherd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. A. Shepherd|Shepherd, H. A.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQD Rockhampton (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHEPPARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheppard|Sheppard, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Horace Sheppard|Sheppard, William Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNTF-2R5] - 1911(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3LQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1931-1933; Burwood, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 744, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: woolbuyer (Ascot Vale, Vic, 1934); buyer (Camberwell North, Vic, 1936); woolbuyer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937-1954)

===''SHERIDAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sheridan|Sheridan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Vincent Sheridan|Sheridan, Kevin Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5GT-CK3] - 1918(Qld)-2010(Qld)92yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2296, 1939, Qld; BOCP 344, 1940; COCP1 529, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Awards: Member of the Order of Australia, for Public Service to Science particularly in the Field of Radiophysics - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Sandgate, Qld, 1941; Shorncliff, Qld, 1943); radio technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1949); technical officer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1958); physicist (Rose Bay, NSW, 1963-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SHERLOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherlock|Sherlock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Henry Sherlock|Sherlock, Keith Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZ2-8S8] - 1916(NSW)-2015(NSW) - Licences: 2TQ Sydney (Earlwood, 1936-1937; Ermington, 1938-1939; Hurlstone Park, 1946-1948); 2TQ Londonderry (!950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1655, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ermington, NSW, 1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Londonderry, NSW, 1949); telecommunications technician (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1949); radio technician (Ermington, NSW, 1958); instructor (Carlingford, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1968); technician (Katoomba, NSW, 1972; Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1977); retired (Wentworth Falls, NSW, 1980)

===''SHERRIFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sherriff|Sherriff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest George Sherriff|Sherriff, Ernest George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K877-WTX] - 1904(Qld)-1964(Qld) - Licences: 4SU Brisbane (Fairfield, 1935-1937; Hawthorne, 1938-1939; Brisbane City, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1464, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: machinist (Brisbane South, Qld, 1928); instructor of printing (Fairfield, Qld, 1937; Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''SHIEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shiel|Shiel, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 997, 1932, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shield|Shield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Wyndham Shield|Shield, John Wyndham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1ZR-L3G] - 1919(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6SX Perth (Nedlands, 1980)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2265, 1939, WA; COCP2 494, 1941; COCP1 550, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (University Hostel, Nedlands, WA, 1949); lecturer (Nedlands, WA, 1958-1980)

===''SHIELDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shields|Shields, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Edward Shields|Shields, Arthur James Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCT-D5G] - 1894(Eng)-1948(Vic) - Licences: 3GP Melbourne (East Malvern, 1930-1939; North Balwyn, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 690, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (East Melbourne, 1925-1927; Malvern East, 1928; Camberwell, 1931-1933); auditor (Malvern East, 1934-1936); retired (Ringwood, 1943)

===''SHIPLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shipley|Shipley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Shipley|Shipley, Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPVG-LQF] - 1905(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2WR Sydney (Bondi, 1932-1933; Bellevue Hill, 1934-1936; Vaucluse, 1937; Potts Point, 1938-1939; Bondi, 1946-1947; Bondi Junction, 1948; Epping, 1950-1980+); 2QW Sydney (Bondi, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 937, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: technician (Bondi, NSW, 1933); projectionist (Five Dock, NSW, 1934); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1935; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); projectionist (Bondi, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); radio &amp; electrical engineer (Epping, NSW, 1949-1968); radio electrician (Epping, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SHOEMAKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Shoemaker|Shoemaker, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G828-7LL] - 1879(USA)-1932(USA) - American inventor and pioneer radio engineer, developer of Shoemaker wireless system, associated with Gehring companies, International Telegraph Construction Co (represented in Australia by John William Ormsby Hamilton, who promoted the Shoemaker system here), United Wireless Telegraph Co, Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co of America, Mallory companies - Links: [[w:Harry Shoemaker|Wikipedia]]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0026.pdf PIRE1]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-General/Archive-IRE-IDX/IDX/30s/IRE-1933-02-OCR-Page-0027.pdf PIRE2]

===''SHOESMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shoesmith|Shoesmith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Walter Shoesmith|Shoesmith, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT9W-XM4] - 1923(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALY Sydney (Eastwood, 1939; Manly, 1946-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2273, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Manly, NSW, 1949); farmer (Upper Coopers Creek, NSW, 1954; Tascott, NSW, 1958-1963); surveyor (Corinda, Qld, 1969-1980)

===''SHORING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Samuel Shoring|Shoring, Thomas Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-NDG] - 1914(Qld)-2002(Qld) - Licences: 4SR Bundaberg (1937-1939; 4SR Brisbane (New Farm, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1872, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Bundaberg, Qld, 1936-1937); salesman (Bundaberg, Qld, 1943); sound engineer (New Farm, Qld, 1954; Holland Park, Qld, 1963-1980)

===''SHORT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Short|Short, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Alban Short|Short, Alfred Alban]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTS-9QQ] - 1904(NSW)-1946(NT) - Licences: 2SH Newcastle (Lambton, 1926-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 280, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Lambton, 1930-1943)

* [[/Ormond Short|Short, Ormond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9VHH-SGM] - 1901(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (St Kilda, 1925-1926); electrical engineer (Armadale, 1928; Horsham, 1931-1972); engineer (Horsham, 1977)

* [[/Walter Short|Short, Walter]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AJ Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922); 2AJ Sydney (Manly, 1923-1924; Kirribilli, 1924; Manly, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Note: several contemporaneous WSs, insufficient data to identify

* [[/William Newton Short|Short, William Newton &quot;Newt&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97J-HMM] - 1897(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ARA Sydney (Auburn, 1948-1954; Beacon Hill, 1955-1958; Auburn, 1960-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965); 2AOW Sydney (Auburn, 1957-1958) - Qualifications: AOCP 2829, 1948, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butcher (Ulmarra, 1930-1934); shopkeeper (Coraki, 1935-1936); munition worker (Mayfield, 1943); machinist (Auburn, 1949-1958); inspector (Beacon Hill, 1963)

===''SHORTELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Raymond Charles Shortell|Shortell, Raymond Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMQ-4HQ] - 1904(Vic)-1991(Qld) - Licences: 3VB Receive Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1923-1924); 3RS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1933); 3RS Shepparton (1937-1939); 3ARF Geelong West (1948-1954); 3ARF Melbourne (Croydon, 1955-1960; Hawthorn, 1965-1975); 4ARS Gold Coast (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 77, 1925, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 171, 1934; TVOCP 332, 1961 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1925-1934); radio engineer (Shepparton, Vic, 1936-1942); manufacturer (Geelong North, Vic, 1949-1954); farmer (Croydon, Vic, 1954); TV technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963-1968; Hawthorn East, Vic, 1972); retired (Chevron Island, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SHORTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eddy Wilbee Shorten|Shorten, Eddy Wilbee or Welbee or Wiebec &quot;Ted&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWN4-MZM] - 1899(Qld)-1980(Qld) - Licences: 4TS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 908, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIAQ, councillor) - Comment: Middle name variable; Birth Welbee; Marriage Wiebec; Death Wilbe; AOCP Wilbee - Electoral Rolls:
===''SHORTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Shortt|Shortt, Robert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4HF Camooweal (1933-1939); 5SR Tennant Creek (1947-1948); 5SR Adelaide (Glenunga, 1954; New Hindmarsh, 1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1193, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SHUTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Shute|Shute, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Elliott Stewart Shute|Shute, Robert Elliott Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF5T-CJ5] - 1899(NSW)-1922(NSW) - Licences: XCE Sydney (Strathfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, Field Artillery Reinforcements)  - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: &quot;Gone too soon&quot; (passed from rugby injury age 23yo

===''SIBLY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sibly|Sibly, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KC5R-MH6] - 1897(WA)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XYX Perth (North Perth, 1913-1914); 6AF Receive Perth (City, 1923); 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1923-1924; Inglewood, 1924); 2SB Sydney (Kirribilli, 1925-1927) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 32, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) (recorded Sibley) - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: father of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly; brother of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: insurance clerk (North Perth, 1919-1922); manager (Albion, Qld, 1936; Eagle Junction, Qld, 1937; Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1958); retired (Rose Bay, 1963-1972)

* [[/Clifton Archibald Sibly|Sibly, Clifton Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K41R-3JQ] - 1894(SA)-1964(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 225, 1915 - likely early wireless experimenter with brother Arthur's licence - Relationships: brother of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; uncle of 2ASY-3AUV Sydney Arthur Sibly - Electoral Rolls: farrier (North Perth, 1915-1937)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Sibly|Sibly, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKF-F7R] - 1926(NSW)-2001(Vic) - Licences: 2ASY Sydney (Rose Bay, 1954; Kingsgrove, 1957-1965); 3AUV Melbourne (Eltham, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 945, 1945; BOCP 1049, 1949 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: son of XYX-6AF-2SB Arthur Sibly; nephew of Clifton Archibald Sibly - Electoral Rolls: communications officer (Kingsgrove, 1958-1963); clerk (Eltham, Vic, 1968-1977; Queanbeyan, 1980)

===''SIDEBOTTOM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Geoffrey Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-KGH] - 1902(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: 7BB Receive Launceston (1922); Receive Launceston (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Relationships: father of 7SK Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Launceston, 1928-1954) 
* [[/Maxwell Douglas Langford Sidebottom|Sidebottom, Maxwell Douglas Langford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-5QY] - 1922(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 7SK Hobart (Newtown, 1948); 7SK Howrah (1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2830, 1948, Vic - amateur operator; WW2 - Relationships: son of 7BB Geoffrey Lancelot Sidebottom - Electoral Rolls: sound engineer (New Town, 1949); mechanic (Bateau Bay, NSW, 1980)
===''SIDEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Longfield Sidey|Sidey, Robert Longfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-3P6] - 1874(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2CB James Douglas Kay Sidey - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Lindfield, 1930-1949)

* [[/James Douglas Kay Sidey|Sidey, James Douglas Kay or Douglas James Kay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKSN-35P] - 1904(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2CB Receive Sydney (Lindfield, 1922-1923); 2CB Sydney (Lindfield, 1924-1925); 2CB Boorowa (1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2ZY Robert Longfield Sidey - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Bethungra, 1943-1949); no occupation (Junee, 1954)

===''SIEVERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest William Sievers|Sievers, Ernest William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNJD-8MJ] - 1901(Qld)-1962(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1165, 1933, Qld; 2COCP 9, 1934; 1COCP 38, 1935 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Kelvin Grove, 1925); night officer (Oakey, 1930); railway night officer (Narangba, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Ascot, 1943; Clayfield, 1949-1958)
* [[/William Frederick Sievers|Sievers, William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-NDS] - 1902(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 3CB Receive Melbourne (East Richmond, 1922-1923); 3CB Melbourne (East Richmond &amp; South Yarra, 1924-1939, 1946-1960; Toorak, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 165, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Richmond, 1931-1943); reader (South Yarra, 1949-1963); meter reader (Toorak, 1972-1980)

===''SIGAL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sigal|Sigal, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Louis Sigal|Sigal, Harold Louis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ4R-XFJ] - 1908(SA)-1939(NSW) - Licences: 2UK Sydney (Woollahra, 1926-1930) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 253, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (Militia, Signals, 1934-1937) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); engineer (Melbourne East, Vic, 1931); electrician (Auburn North, NSW, 1933; Centennial Park, NSW, 1934; Bondi, NSW, 1936-1937; West Perth, WA, 1943; Woolowin, Qld, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954; Kensington, NSW, 1958); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1963); salesman (Bondi, NSW, 1968); retired (Vaulcuse, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SIGMONT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Sigmont|Sigmont, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD58-221] - 1883(NSW)-1942(Vic) - Licences: 3AH Receive Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: patent attorney (Auburn, Vic, 1917; Elsternwick, 1924-1937; Seaford, 1942);

===''SILBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Clive Silby|Silby, Arthur Clive]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8B6-PSD] - 1894(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AF Perth (North Perth, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW1 (Australian Wireless Squadron) [https://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1911865/australian-wireless-squadron-aif-embarkation-roll/] - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Exeter, 1939-1943)

===''SILVER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Leslie Silver|Silver, Frank Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94HC-LTV] - 1904(Qld)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 4FL Brisbane (Morningside, 1938-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2086, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Morningside, Qld, 1937-1943); radio mechanic (Morningside, Qld, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMONDS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur George Simmonds|Simmonds, Arthur George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DL-234] - 1906(Eng)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2GS Sydney (Arncliffe, 1930-1934); 2GS Murwillumbah (1935-1939); 4PG Bundaberg (1946-1948); 2APJ Sydney (Cronulla, 1954-1955; Caringbah, 1956-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 590, 1930, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 207, 1938 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Arncliffe, 1933); gardner (Arncliffe, 1935); radio engineer (Murwillumbah, 1935-1937); technician (4BU Kalkie, 1943-1949)

* [[/Ernest John Simmonds|Simmonds, Ernest John]] - 19??(Eng)-19??(Eng) - G2OD Gerrard's Cross, Buckinghamshire, England, amateur operator, first to two way QSO Australia (Nov 1924, 3BQ)

===''SIMMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simmons|Simmons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Fisher Simmons|Simmons, Alexander Fisher]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1HL-5MY] - 1906(WA)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3TQ Melbourne (Brighton, 1947-1956; South Yarra, 1960; Bayswater, 1965-1969; Boronia, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2394, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); technician (Bayswater, Vic, 1968-1972)

* [[/Henry Trethowan Simmons|Simmons, Henry Trethowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4M3-BP4] - 1905(WA)-1985(WA) - Licences: 6KX Perth (Subiaco, 1925-1928; Mt Lawley, 1931-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939, 1946-1948; West Perth, 1954-1955; Mt Pleasant, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 181, 1925, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1121, 1928; 2COCP 295, 1930; 1COCP 257, 1932 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, broadcast engineer - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Maylands, 1931), radio engineer (Nedlands, 1936; West Perth, 1949), engineer (Fremantle, 1958; Mt Pleasant, 1963-1980)

* [[/Leonard Joseph Simmons|Simmons, Leonard Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBM-SKH] - 1907(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3LJ Melbourne (Belgrave, 1926-1931; East Prahran, 1933); 3LJ Rheola (1937-1939); 3LV Trafalgar (1948); 3LV Cheltenham (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 304, 1926, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Womerah, Yarram Yarram, Vic, 1928; Toolangi, Yea, Vic, 1931; Armadale, Vic, 1934-1936; Rheola, Bendigo, Vic, 1936-1937; Nanneela West, Bendigo, Vic, 1942; Cheltenham, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simms|Simms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Wilkinson Simms|Simms, Eric Wilkinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7XZ-9RN] - 1906(WA)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KS Melbourne (Malvern, 1927-1931; Caulfield, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 360, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Lieutenant) - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Malvern, Vic, 1931); buyer (Caulfield, Vic, 1934; Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''SIMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Simpson|Simpson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allan Rae Simpson|Simpson, Allan Rae]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCWN-35S] - 1912(NSW)-1971(NSW) - Licences: 2ASO Kyogle (1950-1954); 2ASO Sydney (Cammeray, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3011, 1949, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Wauchope, NSW, 1936; Dungog, NSW, 1937); postal clerk (Ballina, NSW, 1943; Kyogle, NSW, 1949-1954); monitor (Cammeray, NSW, 1958-1963); radio monitor (North Sydney, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Arthur Wellesley Simpson|Simpson, Arthur Wellesley]] - 1899(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2ZJ Duri (1923-1926); 2ZJ Sydney (Five Dock, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 480, 1919 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Five Dock, NSW, 1930-1936); engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1937-1968)

* [[/Benjamin Simpson|Simpson, Benjamin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHH-BTH] - 1911(Sct)-1941(At Sea) - Licences: 3SM Melbourne (Richmond, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless (Richmond, Vic, 1942) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1673948 AWM Roll of Honour]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/registrydetails.asp?ID=517 HMAS Sydney Virtual Memorial]; [http://www.sydneymemorial.com/rollcontent/517/517a.pdf Lorraine Simpson summary] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Charles William Arthur Simpson|Simpson, Charles William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBMD-3Q3] - 1918(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: 3IN Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2022, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (St Kilda, Vic, 1949); technician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1954-1980) 

* [[/Edward Morris Simpson|Simpson, Edward Morris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJYV-NFF] - 1915(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2ES Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1931-1939, 1946-1947; North Sydney, 1948-1961; Wahroonga, 1965; West Killara, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 772, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Woollahra, NSW, 1936-1943; North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1958); shipping officer (Wahroonga, NSW, 1963; Killara, NSW, 1968); shipping (Killara, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Harry Blythe Simpson|Simpson, Harry Blythe]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-CZ3] - 1920(???)-2013(WA) - Licences: 6HS Perth (Leederville, 1937-1939; Mt Lawley, 1947-1948; Nedlands, 1954-1969; Lesmurdie, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2060, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Claremont, WA, 1949-1968); marketing manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1972); manager (Lesmurdie, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Ernest Simpson|Simpson, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM8H-8N4] - 1873(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XACF Sydney (Randwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Newtown, NSW, 1903; Randwick, NSW, 1913); grocer (Newington, NSW, 1930-1937; Petersham, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Leslie Robert Simpson|Simpson, Leslie Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-4VD] - 1901(WA)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3SA Ararat (1925-1933); 3SA Melbourne (Windsor, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 44, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draper (Prahran Gardens, Vic, 1922; Ararat, Vic, 1924-1943); mechanic (Prahran, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Allen Simpson|Simpson, Robert Allen &quot;Bob&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2Q9-FWT] - 1912(SA)-1996(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2314, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnside, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/Thomas Leigh Simpson|Simpson, Thomas Leigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBBW-8Q3] - 1895(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3II Dunkeld (1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2217, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Aust Flying Corps, 1915-1917; RAF, 1918); (WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer at WW1 enlistment (1915); grazier (Dunkeld, Vic, 1924-1954)

===''SIMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Sims|Sims, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8MK-NXC] - 1907(WA)-1992(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 344, 1927, No. 38 in Qld; 2COCP 16, 1934 - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (RAAF Point Cook, 1931-1934); QANTAS air pilot (Brisbane, 1936-1937); public servant (Box Hill, 1963) - Comment: several contemporaneous Eric Charles Sims, need to sort electoral rolls

* [[/Ernest Leslie Arthur Sims|Sims, Ernest Leslie Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ6H-6PF] - 1905(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3ZA Melbourne (Preston, 1930-1933); 3ZA Apollo Bay (1937-1939, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 622, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Preston, Vic, 1931; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1933-1937; Preston, Vic, 1942; Apollo Bay, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SINCLAIR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinclair|Sinclair, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Bertram Sydney Charles Sinclair|Sinclair, Bertram Sydney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M8W6-R4J] - 1906(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6CY Receive Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1928; Buckland Hill, WA, 1931-1954; Kendenup, WA, 1958; Mt Barker, WA, 1963)

* [[/Laurence Ernest Sinclair|Sinclair, Laurence Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PJ-G15] - 1913(NSW)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 2MH Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Homebush, 1954-1975; Gorokan, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1566, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Canterbury, NSW, 1935-1949); telegraphist (Homebush, NSW, 1954-1977); retired (Gorokan, NSW, 1980)

===''SINFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sinfield|Sinfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Albert Sinfield|Sinfield, Andrew Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS9W-W9R] - 1913(NSW)-1962(SA) - Licences: 2TZ Cootamundra (1933); 2TZ Wagga Wagga (1933-1936); 2AKT Sydney (Concord, 1939; Croydon, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1088, 1933, NSW; BOCP 1311, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Ganmain, NSW, 1935; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1935); soldier (Croydon, NSW, 1943); technician (Croydon, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''SINGLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Claude Paul Singleton|Singleton, Claude Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4JR-4SV] - 1914(WA)-1990(Qld) - Licences: 4UX Theodore (1936-1939); 4UX Bundaberg (1946-1947); 4UX Stanthorpe (1948); 4UX Atherton (1954-1955); 4UX Malanda (1956); 4UX Ayr (1960); 4UX Childers (1965); 4UX St George (1969); 4UX Gracemere (1975); 4UX Dalby (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1638, 1936, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (4QW, 4QO, 4QW, 4RK, 4QS); federal public servant (PMGD); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: baker (Theodore, Qld, 1936-1937); radio mechanic (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1949); radio technician (Yungaburra, Qld, 1954); public servant (Gracemere, Qld, 1972)

===''SIRL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sirl|Sirl, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clarence William Charles Sirl|Sirl, Clarence William Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89J-9LJ] - 1913(SA)-1981(WA) - Licences: 6XG Katanning (1938-1939; 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; BOCP 3, 1936; AOCP 2132, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Katanning, 1937-1968)

===''SKENE-SMITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Skene-Smith|Skene-Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Skene-Smith, Alexander Bond - See Alexander Bond Skene Smith

===''SLADE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Irwin Slade|Slade, Charles Irwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDN1-G28] - 1921(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3PZ Melbourne (Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2172, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: student (St Kilda, 1949-1954); medical practitioner (St Kilda, 1967-1968; Elwood, 1972-1980)
* [[/Charles William Slade|Slade, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3R-28W] - 1893(Eng)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2SX Sydney (Croydon, 1923-1925 (as H. C. Slade); 1925-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; English PMG Certificate 1st class - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (RAN, 1909-1924); Wireless Weekly (technical editor, 1925-1928); Daily Telegraph (radio &amp; technical editor, 1928-1929); Keogh Radio (engineer, 1929-1930); Croydon Radio (proprietor, 1930-1933+) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer, R.A.N. (Croydon, 1943-1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2SX - Charles William Slade&quot;

===''SLATER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/J. F. Slater|Slater, J. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Sheffield (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Harold Ivan Slater|Slater, Harold Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDT3-7JP] - 1898(Tas)-1971(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Kelso (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: pastoralist (Kelso, Tas, 1919); labourer (Maypole Hotel, New Town, Tas); no occupation (Middle Park, Vic, 1926); airman (Point Cook, Vic, 1927; Middle Park, 1931); traveller (Elsternwick, 1936-1968)
===''SLATTERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slattery|Slattery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Patrick Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G824-KHF] - 1866(Irl)-1931(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (St John's College, Camperdown; St Vincent's, Ashfield, 1930) - Links: [[w:Joseph Patrick Slattery|Wikipedia]]; [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/slattery-joseph-patrick-8453 ADB]

* [[/Joseph Samuel Francis Slattery|Slattery, Joseph Samuel Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVN-SSF] - 1894(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 50, 1915; CPRT 167, 1915; 2COCP 324, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIN Geraldton (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1916; Esperance, WA, 1916; RAN radio station, Geraldton, 1917); travelling salesman (Stanthorpe, 1928-1930); traveller (Tamworth, 1932-1933; Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1935); commercial traveller (New Farm, 1936; Hamilton, Qld, 1937; Fairfield, Qld, 1949; West Sydney, 1949-1954); radio officer (Mascot, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''SLAWSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slawson|Slawson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Thomas Slawson|Slawson, George Thomas &quot;Tom&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW2-T4D] - 1916(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2AFN Sydney (Harbord, 1936-1939, 1946-1958; Croydon, 1960-1961; Homebush, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1835, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Father also GTS - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Harbord, NSW, 1943-1958); public servant (Croydon, NSW, 1963; Strathfield West, NSW, 1968; Homebush, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''SLIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slight|Slight, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Alexander Burrough Slight|Slight, Arthur Alexander Burrough]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBLQ-X4J] - 1902(Eng)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2DA Receive Sydney (Parramatta, 1922); Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Parramatta, 1923); 2ZA Sydney (Windsor, 1931-1938; Richmond, 1939, 1946-1950); 3AZA Ballarat (1954); 2ZA Sydney (Bondi Beach, 1955-1980) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); MBE 1941; OBE - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Windsor, NSW, 1930-1937); RAAF (Richmond, NSW, 1949); RAAF Officer (RAAF Ballarat Camp, Vic, 1954); engineer (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1958-1980) - Links: [https://www.rafcommands.com/database/awards/details.php?qnum=1747&amp;qname=SLIGHT RAF MBE]

===''SLUTZKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Eliot Slutzkin|Slutzkin, Robert Eliot &quot;Bob&quot; or &quot;Bobbie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGSK-21C] - 1917(Vic)-2010(Vic) - Licences: 3SK Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1956; Balaclava, 1960-1975; East St Kilda, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2159, 1938, Vic; COCP1 320, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Balaclava, Vic, 1949); engineer (Caulfield West, Vic, 1954-1963; Balaclava, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''SMALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Small|Small, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward George Small|Small, Edward George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBBR-5P7] - 1907(NSW)-1938(NSW) - Licences: 2QS Newcastle (Mayfield, 1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1231, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mayfield, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Thomas Augustus Small|Small, Thomas Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2YV-RNM] - 1901(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2WS Murwillumbah (1933-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1222, 1933, NSW; BOCP 235, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); commercial traveller (Bellingen, NSW, 1930); salesman (Murwillumbah, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Byron Bay, NSW, 1943); furniture retailer (Eastwood, NSW, 1949); grazier (Lower Quipolly, NSW, 1958-1963); representative (Tamworth, NSW, 1972)

===''SMART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smart|Smart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Smart|Smart, Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHD-TNH] - 1891(NZ)-1980(NZ) - Licences: 4SM Barcaldine (1936-1937); 4SM Paterson (1938-1939); 4SM Longreach (1946-1948); 4SM Cairns (Cairns City, 1954-1956; Freshwater, 1960-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1625, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boiler attendant (Dunevia Station, Blackhall, Qld, 1913); motor engineer (Aramac, Qld, 1916-1925; Barcaldine, 1928-1937); freeholder (Longreach, Qld, 1943); mechanic (Longreach, Qld, 1949); farmer (Cairns, Qld, 1954-1958); retired (Freshwater, Qld, 1963-1972; Cairns, Qld, 1977)

===''SMELLIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ellis Henry Smellie|Smellie, Ellis Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-FDM] - 1893(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 218, 1930; 1COCP 240, 1931 - RANRS (temp Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: radio telegraphist (Radio Station, Applecross, 1925; Geraldton, 1931; Broome, 1936); telegraphist (Caulfield, Vic, 1942-1949); radio officer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954; Blackburn, 1963-1980)

===''SMIBERT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, George]] - 1840(Sct)-1899(Vic) - clubs (founding member Telegraph Electrical Society Vic), employment (Postal Department Vic, chief electrician), brother of James Smibert Deputy Postmaster-General Victoria
* [[/George Smibert|Smibert, James]] - 1836(Sct)-1912(Vic) - employment (Postal Department Vic, Deputy Postmaster-General, appointed following early passing of Samuel Walker McGowan), created a nepotism scandal by early promotion of brother and brother-in-law to the most senior positions in Vic Post &amp; Telegraphs in the early 1890s, likely reason for the positioning of Qld appointees at the top of the Federal PMGD in 1901; the brother of George Smibert Chief Electrician, Postal Dept Vic

===''SMITH (A-L)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* Smith, Alan Shaw - See Alan Shawsmith (change of name)

* [[/A. C. Smith|Smith, A. C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJDO Matlock (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Specific individual not identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Alexander Bond Skene Smith|Smith, Alexander Bond Skene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRDG-J7D] - 1893(Eng)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2OQ Sydney (Vaucluse, 1930-1933); 2SS Sydney (Narrabeen, 1948); 2SS Lawson (1950-1956); 2SS Blackheath (1957-1958) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 294, 1930; COCP1 196, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous Alexander Smiths - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lennex Lonsdale Smith|Smith, Arthur Lennex Lonsdale]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9QQY-B84] - 1908(Vic)-1987(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1936-1939; Fairfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1702, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Fairfield, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Arthur Carrington Smith|Smith, Arthur Carrington]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDKV-VL2] - 1902(Tas)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 7BN Receive Launceston (1923); 7AB Launceston (1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 8, 1924, No. ?? in Tas; CPRT 930, 1926 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast engineer (operator 7BN Wills &amp; Co wannabe Class B); recording engineer (Cinesound Productions Ltd, Bondi, 1932); inventor of sound-on-film systems - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Launceston, 1928); recording engineer (Bronte, 1931-1935); engineer (Bondi, 1936-1937); recording engineer (Clovelly, 1943-1949; Waverley, 1963-1968); engineer (Waverley, 1977-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;7BN-7AB - Arthur Carrington Smith&quot;

* [[/Austen Cyril Smith|Smith, Austen Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6N-JKF] - 1904(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2FS Sydney (Croydon, 1924-1925; Burwood, 1925; Maroubra, 1930-1933; Homebush, 1933; Burwood, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 75, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio agent - Electoral Rolls: radio agent (Burwood, 1934-1937); radio mechanic (Burwood, 1943-1954); radio engineer (Burwood, 1958-1963); retired (Lower Hawkesbury, 1972-1980)

* [[/A. J. Smith|Smith, A. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AS Sydney (Harris Park, 1927-1930) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/C. Smith|Smith, C.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7BA Receive Stanley (1922); Receive Stanley (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Cedric Preston Smith|Smith, Cedric Preston or Preston-Smith, Cedric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8BB-X47] - 1907(NSW)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2ZZ Sydney (Cremorne, 1924-1925); 2QK Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936; Balgowlah, 1937; Lane Cove, 1938-1939); 3QG Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1947-1948); 3QG Ballarat (1954-1956); 2CD Sydney (Cremorne, 1958-1961; Palm Beach, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1212, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bank accountant (Binnaway, NSW, 1930); bank officer (Manly, NSW, 1932; Balgowlah, NSW, 1934-1937; South Melbourne, Vic, 1943-1949); bank manager (Ballarat, Vic, 1954; Cremorne, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Palm Beach, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2ZZ-2QK-2CD - Cedric Preston Smith&quot;

* [[/Charles Frederick Smith|Smith, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP3J-B3F] - 1904(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: No licence yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 418, 1928, No. ?? in NSW; CPRTelephony 1112, 1928; 2COCP 44, 1929 - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: Several contemporaneous Charles Frederick Smith's, not yet identified

* [[/Claude Sargent Smith|Smith, Claude Sargent or Sarjent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLW-9HG] - 1916(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2AHK Sydney (Ryde, 1937-1939); 2ANZ Sydney (Pymble, 1969); 2ANZ Grafton (1975); 2ANZ Sydney (West Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1962, 1937, NSW; COCP2 157, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1936-1946) - Electoral Rolls: wood machinist (Ryde, NSW, 1943-1949); clerk (Ryde, NSW, 1958; Pymble, NSW, 1963-1968; Grafton, NSW, 1972; Pymble, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Colin Hughes Smith|Smith, Colin Hughes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2YH-LLB] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PK Melbourne (East Kew, 1928-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 433, 1928, Vic; AOLCP 90, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Kew, Vic, 1931-1937); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943-1980)

* [[/George Edwin Smith|Smith, George Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYJ3-BVR] - 1916(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3YG Melbourne (Brighton, 1936-1939; Bentleigh, 1947-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1960; Blackburn South, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1792, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1949); observer (Brighton, Vic, 1954); public servant (Brighton East, Vic, 1958-1963); technical officer (Blackburn South, Vic, 1967); retired (Lilydale, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/George Leonard Frederick Smith|Smith, George Leonard Frederick or Fredrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYZR-5Q7] - 1913(Vic)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 3FR Melbourne (Northcote, 1936-1939; St Kilda, 1947-1948; Montmorency, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1768, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northcote, Vic, 1934-1942); sales (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (Montmorency, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Herbert Henry Baker Smith|Smith, Herbert Henry Baker]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFN-H6R] - 19??(???)-1932(Qld) - Licences: 4DP Receive Cairns (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Cairns, Qld, 1925-1930)

* [[/J. H. Smith|Smith, J. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EA Receive Beenleigh (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Albert Malcolm Smith|Smith, John Albert Malcolm]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L264-537] - 1911(Eng)-1987(SA) - Licences: 5JR Adelaide (St Peters, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1375, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John William Smith|Smith, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMGD-VTK] - 1914(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2AEJ Baradine (1936-1939, 1947-1950); 2AEJ Sydney (Waverley, 1954-1955; Lakemba, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1760, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JWSs - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Lakemba, NSW, 1958-1980)

* [[/Keith Howard Smith|Smith, Keith Howard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTCN-ZH8] - 1915(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Clayfield, 1939, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2396, 1939, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Awards: Public Service Medal, 1990 - Electoral Rolls: university student (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1937); engineer (Bardon, Qld, 1941; Clayfield, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Leslie Smith|Smith, Leslie]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2DD Sydney (Concord, 1931; Homebush, 1931; Concord, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 726, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly Leslie Smith killed in truck accident 1936; Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITH (M-Z)''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Smith|Smith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Noel Jeffrey Smith|Smith, Noel Jeffrey]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PM-2B8] - 1919(???)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2VE Sydney (Artarmon, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1495, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Canowindra, NSW, 1963)

* [[/P. W. Smith|Smith, P. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4EF Receive Brisbane (Alderley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Raymond Sydney Smith|Smith, Raymond Sydney]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L176-XYF] - 1914(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 3RY Melbourne (Kew, 1937-1938); 2AJQ Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1938; Sans Souci, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2006, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RSSs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Kew, Vic, 1937); RAN (Toorak, Vic, 1943); process worker (Homebush, NSW, 1958); driver (Granville, NSW, 1963); labourer (Granville, NSW, 1968)

* [[/Reginald George Smith| Smith, Reginald George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR6T-TLM] - 1888(NSW)-1951(NSW) - Licences: 2ACR Sydney (Turramurra, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2054, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster – Comment: Several contemporaneous RGSs - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Turramurra, NSW, 1932-1949)

* [[/Richard John Smith|Smith, Richard John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-14B] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2AIU Sydney (Bexley, 1937-1939, 1946-1969); 2AIU Tweed Heads (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2026, 1937, NSW; COCP2 1333, 1956 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Bexley, NSW, 1933-1963); radio technician? (Tweed Heads, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Robert Cecil Smith|Smith, Robert Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G134-ZFJ] - 1916(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3YQ Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1938-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2117, 1938, Vic; COCP1 1073, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943-1949; Blackburn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Rowland Anthony Godfrey Smith|Smith or Godfrey-Smith, Rowland Anthony Godfrey &quot;Tony&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHYR-N91] - 1919(NSW)-2005(Tas) - Licences: 2AMN Sydney (Wahroonga, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2326, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son-in-Law of 7PF Philip Oakley Fysh - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Northbridge, NSW, 1943); medical practitioner (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

* [[/Sidney Arthur Smith|Smith, Sidney or Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1MH-VHS] - 1917(???)-2008(WA)91yo - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2100, 1938, WA - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Subiaco, WA, 1943); civil engineer (Bayswater, WA, 1949-1958; Bedford, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Sidney Hugh Holland Smith|Smith, Sidney Hugh Holland]] - 1861(???)-1933(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, senior state public servant (Qld P&amp;T, Chief Mechanician), senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Mechanician, Qld), radio clubs (QWI, vice president), business proprietor (Telephone and Electrical Supplies Co)

* [[/Stuart Disney Paull Smith|Smith, Stuart (Birth) or Stewart (Electoral Rolls) Disney Paull or Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDB-8D8] - 1913(Qld)-1986(Qld) - Licences: 4LA Brisbane (Corinda, 1934-1939); 4LA Amberley (1946-1948); 4LA Brisbane (Camp Hill, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1303, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, councillor); military (RAAF, navigator); broadcast technician (4BC); Dept Education (O/C Radio) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Corinda, Qld, 1936-1949); radio technician (New Farm, Qld, 1949); maintenance officer (Camp Hill, Qld, 1954-1963); public servant (Camp Hill, Qld, 1972-1980)

* [[/Sydney Smith|Smith, Sydney]] - 1856(NSW)-1934(NSW) - senior state politician (NSW MLA), senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1904-1905)

* [[/Victor Leslie Smith|Smith, Victor Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LXQW-Q5S] - 1916(Vic)-1951(Vic) - Licences: 3UR Melbourne (Collingwood, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2029, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Collingwood, Vic, 1937-1949)

* [[/Wilfred Smith|Smith, Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRQ-PQ1] - 1896(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5AG Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1937-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 602, 1921; 2COCP 419, 1941; 1COCP 882, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Henley, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/William Arthur Smith|Smith, William Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCX-XL9] - 1906(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5LZ Wallaroo (1929-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 526, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Glenunga, 1939-1943) - beware several contemporaneous William Arthur Smith's

* [[/William Glanville Clement Smith|Smith, William Glanville Clement]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRS5-JM9] - 1914(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2IV Sydney (Manly, 1935-1936) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 1013, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Richmond, NSW, 1943); RAAF Radio Officer (Penrith, NSW, 1963-1972); retired (Orchard Hills, NSW, 1980)

* [[/William Henry Smith|Smith, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2V-L4R] - 1911(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5SW Adelaide (Woodville, 1937-1939, 1947-1956); 5ASW Adelaide (Woodville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1996, 1937, SA; BOCP 431, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous WHSs - Electoral Rolls: operator (Woodville, SA, 1939)

* [[/W. J. Smith|Smith, W. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: N758 Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922); 2IC Receive Sydney (Hurstville, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''SMITHERS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Charles Smithers|Smithers, Ernest Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8Z1-GQ1] - 1885(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: AOCP 552, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: inspector of fisheries (Urunga, 1930); inspector (Burwood, 1930-1949)

===''SMYTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Walter Smyth|Smyth, Cedric Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1C-4MX] - 1916(WA)-1987(SA) - Licences: 7CD Devonport (1933-1939); 3ACH Melbourne (Doncaster East, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1133, 1933, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Preston, Vic, 1942-1949); engineer (Doncaster East, 1954-1977)
* [[/Victor Loftus Smyth|Smyth, Victor Loftus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR8F-P8L] - 1905(Vic)-1972(Vic) - Licences: 3PJ Receive Geelong (1923); 3PJ Geelong (1924); 3PJ Bendigo (1924-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 126, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Bendigo, 1928-1972)
===''SMYTHE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Cresswell Smythe|Smythe, Alan (BMD) or Allan (Electoral Rolls) Cresswell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JQ-V9V] - 1908(SA)-1983(SA) - Licences: 5MF Adelaide (Torrensville, 1930-1939, 1946-1948; Hazlewood Park, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 658, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 135, 1933; BOCP 125, 1937; 1COCP 196, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Torrensville, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SNADDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaddon|Snaddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Ernest Snaddon|Snaddon, John Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLF-B75] - 1920(Eng)-1944(Aegean Sea) - Licences: 3VE Melbourne (Malvern, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2322, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 459 Squadron, Warrant Officer) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/snaddon-john-ernest-409361/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''SNAITH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snaith|Snaith, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Samuel Leslie Snaith|Snaith, Samuel Leslie &quot;Leslie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJN-2S8] - 1901(Vic)-1961(Vic) - Licences: 3ZR Melbourne (Footscray, 1923-1930; Newport, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 166, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Footscray, Vic, 1924-1928; Newport, Vic, 1931-1954)

===''SNAPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snape|Snape, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Fairlie Roger de Burgh Snape|Snape, Fairlie Roger de Burgh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G649-B1V] - 1900(NSW)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 2NU Receive Quirindi (1923); 4JK Willis Island (1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 695, 1922; 2COCP 340, 1931; 1COCP 221, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Quirindi, 1930); wireless operator (Quirindi, 1934-1936); radio engineer (Killara, 1949-1968); engineer (Killara, 1980)

===''SNEDDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sneddon|Sneddon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Neville Sneddon|Sneddon, Richard Neville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTS-SX7] - 1908(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Sydney (Burwood, 1923); 2AKQ Sydney (Concord West, 1938-1939); 2WS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1946-1965); 2WS Wamberal (1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2183, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dental mechanic (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937; Concord West, NSW, 1943; Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''SNELLGROVE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William George Rayner Snellgrove|Snellgrove, William George Rayner]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M5YC-Y4J] - 1879(SA)-1958(NSW) - Licences: XCN Sydney (Willoughby, 1913-1914); 2DD Receive Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 242, 1916 (Marconi) - early wireless experimenter; merchant navy (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1913; Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1931; East Sydney, NSW, 1935-1936); superintending engineer (Crows Nest, NSW, 1949; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;XCN-2DD - William George Rayner Snellgrove&quot; - Links: [https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/6986877 IWM]

===''SNOOK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Charles Snook|Snook, Keith Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTG-Z2D] - 1908(Tas)-1946(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: motor engineer (Hobart North, 1936); motor mechanic (Hobart Central, 1937)
===''SNOSWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Snoswell|Snoswell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Raymond Snoswell|Snoswell, Alfred Raymond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9NWH-MCT] - 1899(SA)-1971(SA) - Licences: 5AD Adelaide (Exeter, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Largs, 1939-1943)

===''SOBELS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sobels|Sobels, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Dhorenwendt Sobels|Sobels, Max Dhorenwendt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNT-8Q5] - 1904(Vic)-1996(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Watervale, 1923); 2OT Sydney (Dee Why, 1932-1939; Lakemba, 1946); 2OT Broken Hill (1947-1950); 2OT Newcastle (Hamilton, 1954-1956); 2OT Sydney (Dulwich Hill, 1957-1961); 2OT Goulburn (1965-1969); 5OT Adelaide (Holden Hill, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 894, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 1358, 1954; TVOCP 28, 1957 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); teacher (Broken Hill South, NSW, 1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954; Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1958; Ashfield, NSW, 1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1963); retired (Goulburn, NSW, 1968)

===''SODEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander William Soden|Soden, Alexander William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8N9-7M1] - 1909(Qld)-1948(Qld) - Licences: 4AS Brisbane (Annerley, 1930-1939; Yeerongpilly, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 634, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Annerley, 1934-1943)
===''SOILLEUX''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soilleux|Soilleux, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Garnet Argyle Soilleux|Soilleux, Garnet Argyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKH-XPN] - 1900(Vic)-1959(Eng) - Licences: XOG Melbourne (Camberwell, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 497, 1919 - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: student (Auburn, Vic, 1924); architect (Auburn, Vic, 1925-1937; Kew, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''SOLOMON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Solomon|Solomon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Charles Henry Solomon|Solomon, Cecil Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH6J-BQ1] - 1902(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3KV Melbourne (Prahran, 1931-1933; South Melbourne, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 738, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Prahran, Vic, 1924-1936); manager (Elsternwick, Vic, 1937); soldier (Auburn, Vic, 1943); nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1954); radio technician (Carnegie, Vic, 1963)

===''SORAGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soraghan|Soraghan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Donald St James Soraghan|Soraghan, Donald St James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQ8-7TC] - 1902(Ireland)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2LA Sydney (Rose Bay, 1930-1934); 2LH Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1939); 2PU Sydney (Rose Bay, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 233, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Rose Bay, NSW, 1934-1937); technician (Rose Bay, NSW, 1943-1963); retired (Kingscliff, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''SOUMPROU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Soumprou|Soumprou, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Emile Walter Soumprou|Soumprou, Emile Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZZF-SX7] - 1906(Vic)-1955(Vic) - Licences: 3WK Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; North Fitzroy, 1938-1939, 1946-1948; East Brighton, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 511, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: student (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937); retired (Fitzroy North, Vic, 1942-1949; Elsternwick, Vic, 1954)

===''SOUTHWELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Southwell|Southwell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clifford Lindsay Southwell|Southwell, Clifford Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-FDF] - 1897(SA)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2SW Sydney (Cremorne, 1925-1926; Northbridge, 1927-1929; Brighton-Le-Sands, 1930-1931; Northbridge, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 131, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Private); WW2 (Australian Army, colonel) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Northbridge, NSW, 1930); manager (Brighton-le-Sands, NSW, 1930-1931); sales manager (Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1958); business executive (Faulconbridge, NSW, 1963-1968)

* [[/Leslie William Douglas Southwell|Southwell, Leslie William Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9WXT-S8L] - 1900(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3SL Seymour (1924-1939, 1946-1954); 3SL Melbourne (Montrose, 1955-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 250, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Seymour, 1931-1954)

* [[/Noel Leslie Southwell|Southwell, Noel Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZNM-ZJW] - 1919(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2ZF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1565, 1935, NSW; 1COCP 149, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; broadcast technician (1949) - Comment: QSL collection survives ARDXC/NFSA - Electoral Rolls: broadcast technician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Yagoona, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPARK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Spark|Spark, John]] - 1879(USA)-19??(???) - Licences: 6AC Perth (City, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Fremantle, 1917); civil servant (West Perth, 1921) - Comment: identification not certain
===''SPEDDING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spedding|Spedding, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Thomas Spedding|Spedding, Edward Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ82-ZCM] - 1897(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 4DU Receive Brandon (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bookkeeper (Brandon, Qld, 1921-1925); clerk (Lakemba, NSW, 1932-1958)

===''SPEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Speer|Speer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Speer|Speer, John Francis &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYD4-LJN] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 3FF Corop (1936-1939); 3FF Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Thornbury, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1724, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3TS Thomas Patterson Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1942); machinist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1949); merchant (Thornbury, Vic, 1954); dealer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Thomas Patterson Speer|Speer, Thomas Patterson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYDH-FVD] - 1907(Vic)-1990(Vic) - Licences: 3TS Corop (1936-1939, 1947-1969); 3TS Flora Hill (1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1815, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Relationships: Brother of 3FF John Francis Speer - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Corop, Vic, 1949-1963); retired (Flora Hill, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''SPENCE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spence|Spence, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Keith Spence|Spence, Edward Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBYN-S3H] - 1908(Qld)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 4DT Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Union Bank, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930; Wellington, NSW, 1934); bank officer (Bondi, NSW, 1936; Rose Bay, NSW, 1937; Epping, NSW, 1943-1949; Northbridge, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Cremorne, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Hugh David Spence| Spence, Hugh David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZB-X1K] - 1920(Tas)-1984(WA) - Licences: 7DS Longford (1938-1939, 1947-1965); 6FS Perth (Cottesloe, 1969; East Victoria Park, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2105, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Longford, Tas, 1943-1944); radio engineer (Longford, Tas, 1949-1963); radio technician (East Victoria Park, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/William Guthrie Spence|Spence, William Guthrie]] - 1846(Sco)-1926(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1914-1915)

===''SPENCER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Derek David Spencer|Spencer, Derek David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSW-N55] - 1909(Eng)-1982(Tas) - Licences: 3DS Melbourne (Altona, 1934-1937); 6DS Perth (Pearce, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1280, 1934, Vic; AOLCP 157, 1934; 2COCP 55, 1936; 1COCP 111, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: poultry farmer (Ulverstone, Tas, 1954; Leven, Tas, 1963); farmer (Gawler, Tas, 1972)

===''SPERRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Wilfred John Sperring|Sperring, Wilfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KVLY-JPK] - 1917(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: 6SP Perth (Victoria Park, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Belmont, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1920, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: apprentice (Victoria Park, WA, 1943); mechanic (Victoria Park, WA, 1949); radio engineer (Belmont, WA, 1954-1963)

===''SPICER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spicer|Spicer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Victor John Spicer|Spicer, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88M-KKY] - 1910(Eng)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3VS Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1929-1931; East Malvern, 1933; North Fitzroy, 1937-1939, 1946-1948); 3BQV Melbourne (Hurstbridge, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 554, 1929, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Malvern East, 1934); constable (Port Melbourne, 1936; Fitzroy, 1937-1954; Carlton South, 1967-1968); retired (Hurstbridge, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPITZKOWSKY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Max Royston Stanley Spitzkowsky|Spitzkowsky, Max Royston Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZYD-23H] - 1904(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2MS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1926-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 302, 1926, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 134, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Hamilton, NSW, 1932-1972)

===''SPLATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Splatt|Splatt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Bartlett Splatt|Splatt, Alan Bartlett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN4P-HBH] - 1912(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3BS Melbourne (Montmorency, 1934-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1370, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Briar Hill, Vic, 1935-1943)

===''SPOONER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spooner|Spooner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Henry Spooner|Spooner, Alexander Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQ93-LSL] - 1918(WA)-1997(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1983, 1937, Vic; AIR3 1102, 1947; COCP1 1311, 1948 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 30 Squadron, DFC, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: air observer (Darwin, NT, 1943); public servant (Essendon, Vic, 1949-1967); retired (Mt Eliza, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SPOTSWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril Ernest Spotswood|Spotswood, Cyril Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-4GM] - 1897(Tas)-1964(Tas) - Licences: Receive Burnie (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Burnie, 1936-1943); fettler (Burnie, 1949-1954)
* [[/Innis Jane Lovett Spotswood|Humphry nee Spotswood, Innis Jane Lovett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M7P4-M7C] - 1892(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Poopoonbah via Giru (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1356, 1934, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: second YL operator in Qld - Relationships: Wife of 4JK Jack Lawrence Humphry - Electoral Rolls: home duties (Ching Do Siding, Ayr, Qld, 1919-1936; Giru, Qld, 1937-1949; Poopoonbah, Qld, 1954; St Lucia, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SPRENGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sprenger|Sprenger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Herbert Ernest Sprenger|Sprenger, Herbert Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMQD-2CJ] - 1914(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4ES Bundaberg (1932-1939); 4ES Brisbane (New Farm, 1946-1948; Holland Park, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, 1955-1960; Rainworth, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications:  cc; AOCP 1064, 1932, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 165, 1938; 1COCP 530, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio clubs (WIAQ); state public servant (Qld Police, radio comms) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bundaberg, 1936-1937); police constable (New Farm, Qld, 1943-1949); sergeant police (Holland Park, Qld, 1954; Upper Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1958); sub-inspector police (Rainworth, Qld, 1963-1968); police officer (Rainworth, Qld, 1972); retired (Bardon, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''SPRING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spring|Spring, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Athol Leeming Spring|Spring, Athol Leeming]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VS-DPM] - 1892(NSW)-1980(NSW) - Licences: XHZ Sydney (Waverley, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Waverley, NSW, 1913-1972); retired (Bondi, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SPRINGETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Springett|Springett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur James Springett|Springett, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5PV-RVB] - 1904(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2OM Exeter (1935-1937); 2OM Sydney (Willoughby, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1567, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Willoughby, NSW, 1930-1932); wardsman (Exeter, NSW, 1934-1937); draughtsman (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''SPROULE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sproule|Sproule, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archie Laurence Sproule|Sproule, Archie Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8BK-5J7] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2IB Dubbo (1934-1935); 2IB Parkes (1936); 2IB Werris Creek (1937); 2IB Sydney (Punchbowl, 1947-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1398, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1935; Werris Creek, NSW, 1936); clerk (Werris Creek, NSW, 1943); telegraphist (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949; Oatley, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''SPURRIER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Spurrier|Spurrier, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Charles Spurrier|Spurrier, Leonard Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTY1-WZJ] - 1904(Wales)-1984(SA) - Licences: S382 Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1922); 5AL Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923); Receive Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Clarence Park, 1939-1941; Eden Hills, 1943)

===''SQUELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squelch|Squelch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Arbor Squelch|Squelch, Thomas Arbor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZRH-758] - 1892(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2TB Bangalow (1926-1927) (Dealer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Bangalow, NSW, 1930); ironmonger (Bangalow, NSW, 1932-1977)

===''SQUIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squire|Squire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Leith Squire|Squire, Leslie Leith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HQ-59S] - 1918(NSW)-1963(???) - Licences: 2NL Thornton (1933-1939, 1946-1961); 2OL Portable Thornton (1948-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1131, 1933, NSW; AOLCP 279, 1936; COCP2 80, 1936; BOCP 93, 1937; COCP1 231, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: police constable (Maitland East, NSW, 1943; Thornton, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''SQUIRES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Squires|Squires, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Squires|Squires, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CX-3GW] - 1909(WA)-1972(???) - Licences: 6JS Perth (Cannington, 1929-1939; Como, 1946-1956; Nedlands, 1960; West Leederville, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 510, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cannington, 1931-1936); sales manager (Midland Junction, 1937; South Perth, 1943-1954); manager (Subiaco, 1963); business manager (West Kalamunda, 1968)

===''ST JOHN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert St John|St John, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry Clive Bolingbroke St John|St John, Henry Clive Bolingbroke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBTN-PV8] - 1895(Eng)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2RX Receive Sydney (Rockdale, 1923-1925); 2RX Sydney (Rockdale, 1926-1939); 2APN Sydney (Northbridge, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 258, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: reader (Rockdale, 1930-1936; Northbridge, 1943-1963)

===''STACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stacey|Stacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Keith Stacey|Stacey, Howard Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3TY-D8M] - 1907(NSW)-1993(SA) - Licences: 5XA Adelaide (Firle, 1934-1937; Knightsbridge, 1938-1939; Leabrook, 1947-1956; Glynde, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1360, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Burnside, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Roy Ernest Stacey|Stacey, Roy Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDT-PNR] - 1902(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RS Proserpine (1933-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1187, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: office assistant (Bauple, Qld, 1925); clerk (Proserpine, Qld, 1928-1972)

* [[/Roydon Stacey|Stacey, Roydon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNK4-TLX] - 1908(Eng)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2HY Sydney (Crows Nest, 1932-1937; Oatley, 1938-1939; Crows Nest, 1948; Oatley, 1950); 2QM Sydney (Epping, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 936, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Crows Nest, NSW, 1930-1937); storekeeper (Oatley, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Crows Nest, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1968); supervising technician (Epping, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Seymour Stacey|Stacey, Seymour]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR79-YXV] - 1893(Eng)-1960(ACT) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 27, 1914 - telegraphist - Electoral Rolls: sorting clerk &amp; telegraphist (Keswick, Cumberland, Eng, 1911); electrical engineer (Griffith, ACT, 1928-1943); electrical contractor (Griffith, ACT, 1954-1958)

===''STACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Patrick Charles Stack|Stack, Robert Patrick Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-Y2K] - 1904(Eng)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4TK Innisfail (1936-1939, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1742, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Innisfail, Qld, 1930-1932); stationer (Innisfail, Qld, 1936-1943)

===''STACKPOLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Julian Stackpole|Stackpole, Peter Julian]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-H8N] - 1947(Vic)-2004(ACT) - Licences: 3ZQS Melbourne (North Clayton, 1980+; 1RX Canberra, 1990s); Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 2203, 1966; AOCP N1856, 1988 - amateur operator; broadcast planning engineer (P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA, ACA) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Hampton, 1972); technical officer (Clayton, 1977-1980)
===''STAFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Staff|Staff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Leslie Staff|Staff, Raymond Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHPS-L3T] - 1904(Qld)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2LS Sydney (Brighton-Le-Sands, 1934); 2AMN Canberra (1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Kogarah, NSW, 1930); messenger (Mascot, NSW, 1933-1934; bank manager (Brighton-Le-Sands, NSW, 1934); messenger(Bondi, NSW, 1935; Mitchell, Vic, 1937); wireless operator (Belconnen, ACT, 1943); car driver (Kingston, ACT, 1949); bookkeeper (Moruya, NSW, 1954-1958); storeman (Parramatta, NSW, 1963)

===''STAFFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stafford|Stafford, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivor Stafford|Stafford, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6V-PHJ] - 1912(Vic)-1999(Vic) - Licences: 3XB Lallat North (1934-1939); 3XB Melbourne (Carlton, 1947-1948; Box Hill South, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1272, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Husband of 3KS Mavis Ellen Stafford nee Coutts - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Prahran, Vic, 1934; Manya North, Vic, 1936; Lallat North, Vic, 1937-1942; Abbotsford, Vic, 1949; Box Hill South, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/John Hurst William Stafford|Stafford, John Hurst William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV6P-XSJ] - 1901(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4CD Receive Ipswich (Ebbw Vale, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Ebbw Vale, 1925-1928; Booval, 1932-1949); engineer (East Ipswich, 1958-1963); retired (Mansfield, 1977-1980)

* Stafford, Mavis Ellen see Mavis Ellen Coutts

===''STALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stalker|Stalker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Clarence Stalker|Stalker, Dudley Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTG3-TYC] - 1907(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3KJ Colac (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 995, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Colac, Vic, 1931-1937); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1949-1954); electrical engineer (Colac, Vic, 1963-1968); electrician (Colac, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''STANFIELD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clifford Roy Stanfield|Stanfield, Clifford Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXR-9GG] - 1900(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: N744 Receive Newcastle (1922); 2HX Receive Newcastle (1922) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 383, 1918; 2COCP 136, 1930; 1COCP 140, 1930 - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Randwick, 1930; Maroubra, 1932-1968); retired (Blaxland, 1977-1980)
===''STANLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanley|Stanley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. M. Stanley|Stanley, J. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JS Receive Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1922-1923); 2JS Sydney (Crow's Nest, 1924); Orange (1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 100, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; newsagent (Leura, late 1920s) - Identification: Not yet identified (possibly James Melville Stanley, electrician, Lockhart, 1930) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Vincent Edward Stanley|Stanley, Vincent Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHDF-X7C] - 1896(Vic)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2VS Sydney (Chatswood, 1926-1928; Carlingford, 1929-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 379, 1918; COCP2 26, 1929; COCP1 141, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Radio Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1933-1954); retired (Pennant Hills, NSW, 1963; Rosebery, NSW, 1968)

===''STANSFIELD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stansfield|Stansfield, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick Galen Stansfield|Stansfield, Frederick Galen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHKB-QKP] - 1909(Eng)-1942(At Sea) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1489, 1935, WA; COCP2 81, 1935; COCP1 223, 1939 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Second Radio Officer, MV Koolama) - Electoral Rolls: student (Nedlands, WA, 1937) - Links: [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/koolama.html Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STANTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stanton|Stanton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Haberfield Stanton|Stanton, Keith Haberfield]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPR5-MHJ] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XFU Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP3 3241, 1960 - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 7th Brigade/6th Regiment, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: estate agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1930); agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933-1936); real estate (Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1937-1943); grazier (Reedy Creek, NSW, 1949; Kareeba, NSW, 1954-1958); real estate (Church Point, NSW, 1968)

===''STAPLETON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John William Stapleton|Stapleton, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXG7-R9P] - 1915(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5KY Adelaide (Port Adelaide, 1934-1937; Alberton, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1314, 1934, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cook, SA, 1941-1944)

===''STARKIE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas William Starkie|Starkie, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBS-NCY] - 1906(Qld)-1982(Qld) - Licences: 4NW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 306, 1926, No. 30 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Nundah, 1928-1937); warehouse assistant (Holland Park, 1943); manager (Wavell Heights, 1949); agent (Toowong, 1954-1958); manufacturer's agent (Kenmore, 1963); agent (Tennyson, 1968-1972); retired (The Gap, 1977; North Tamborine, 1980)

===''STARR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Starr|Starr, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLN-LC4] - 1916(Qld)-1940(off Qld coast) - Licences: 4FS Stanthorpe (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1930, 1937, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 (RAAF, 23 Squadron, Aircraftsman Class 1) - Electoral Rolls: baker (Stanthorpe, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/R1719163 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Alwyn Starr|Starr, William Alwyn &quot;Bill&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2RK-F5D] - 1909(WA)-2001(WA) - Licences: 6DB Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Pingelly, WA, 1931; Merredin, WA, 1936; Narrogin, WA, 1937; Bunbury, WA, 1943; Manjimup, WA, 1954; Daglish, WA, 1958; Cottesloe, WA, 1963; Mt Claremont, WA, 1968-1977; Swinburne, WA, 1977-1980)

===''STEANE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Ashcroft Steane|Steane, Geoffrey William Ashcroft]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMCF-JWV] - 1905(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Mont Albert, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 775, 1923; 2COCP 330, 1931 -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Dee Why, NSW, 1949); television engineer (Double Bay, NSW, 1954); engineer (Camberwell, Vic, 1954)

===''STEELE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steele|Steele, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland Edward James Steele|Steele, Rowland Edward James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDTC-2ZM] - 1904(Tas)-1987(Tas) - Licences: Receive Hobart (West Hobart, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Hobart West, 1928); dairyman (West Hobart, 1937-1972)

===''STEER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Steer|Steer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Hurtle Steer|Steer, Albert Hurtle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKFN-K9D] - 1914(SA)-2010(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1787, 1936, SA; BOCP 713, 1946 - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: Army officer (Victor Harbour, SA, 1939); Salvation Army officer (Sterling, SA, 1941); welfare officer (RAAF Station, Nhill, Vic, 1942); salvation army officer (Stirling West, SA, 1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1687262 VWMA]

===''STEPHEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Percy Goldsmith Stephen|Stephen, Percy Goldsmith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD2J-HVR] - 1896(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: XAEL Sydney (Balmain, 1913-1914); 2ZB Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1925); 2PS Sydney (Balmain, 1926; Granville, 1927-1930; Lidcombe, 1931-1936; Croydon, 1937-1939; Five Dock, 1946-1958; Condell Park, 1960-1975) (Dealer licence in 1926 &amp; 1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Wireless Section, Aus Naval &amp; Mil Exped Force, CPO) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Granville, 1930); electrician (Lakemba, 1930; Lidcombe, 1932-1936); electrical fitter (Five Dock, 1943-1958); fitter (Condell Park, 1968-1972) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEL-2ZB-2PS - Percy Goldsmith Stephen&quot;

===''STEPHENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephens|Stephens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Nelson Stephens|Stephens, Arthur Nelson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G941-3F1] - 1886(Eng)-1972(Qld) - Licences: 4CG Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1922); 4CG Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923-1925); Operator of 4AE - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Carlton, Vic, 1912-1914); engineer (Wireless Station, Pinkenba, 1915-1919; Clayfield, 1925-1928); hotel keeper (Palm Beach Hotel, Elanora, 1932-1934; Grand Hotel, Southport, 1936-1943); cafe proprietor (Southport, 1949); secretary (Main Beach, 1954-1958; Southport East, 1963-1968)

* [[/Frank Richmond Stephens|Stephens, Frank Richmond]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ7-MLM] - 1897(Qld)-1977(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 452, 1919 - RANRS - Electoral Rolls:  naval reservist (New Farm, 1921); farm hand (Wamuran, Qld, 1925); wireless operator (New Farm, 1925-1937); radio mechanic (New Farm, Qld, 1943); agent (New Farm, Qld, 1949); caretaker (Brisbane, 1954-1958); retired (Bowen Hills, 1963; Coolangatta, 1968-1972)

* [[/Harry James Milne Stephens|Stephens, Harry James Milne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXYC-KQH] - 1900(WA)-1982(WA) - Licences: 6ZZ Perth (South Perth, 1935-1939; Bassendean, 1947-1960; Eden Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1530, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Albany, WA, 1925); railway employee (Katanning, WA, 1931-1936); storekeeper (Fremantle, WA, 1937); aircraftsman (Bassendean, WA, 1943-1963); railway employee (Eden Hill, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Bassendean, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Lance Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lance Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9B-L57] - 1891(NSW)-1979(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur listener; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Father of 2ZLS-2ACO Lindsay Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: electrical machinist (Burwood, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1930-1935); electrical engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1936-1977)

* [[/Lindsay Russell Stephens|Stephens, Lindsay Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDPW-2NP] - 1923(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ZLS Wagga Wagga (1960); 2ACO Wagga Wagga (1961-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 640, 1959; AOCP 3948, 1961, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Son of Lance Russell Stephens - Electoral Rolls: technician (Gordon, NSW, 1949); engineer (PMG Dept, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1963; Goonellabah, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Reginald Alva Claude Stephens|Stephens, Reginald Alva Claude ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYML-5QY] - 1909(Vic)-1970(Qld) - Licences: 4RA Gympie (1948); 4RA Brisbane (Scarborough, 1954; Brighton, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1531, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: May have been licensed pre-WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Yarram, Vic, 1936); public servant (Scarborough, Qld, 1949-1954); clerk (Brighton, Qld, 1958-1968)

* [[/Thomas Stephens|Stephens, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ2B-35G] - 1912(Vic)-1944(Sct) - Licences: 3GO Melbourne (Essendon, 1931-1933) - qualifications: cc; AOCP 489, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer, 1944) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Essendon, Vic, 1936-1942) - Links: [https://aviationmuseumwa.org.au/afcraaf-roll/stephens-thomas-418036/ Aviation Museum WA] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Thomas Blacket Stephens|Stephens, Thomas Blacket or Blackett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9WG-Y5P] - 1902(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 309, 1926, No. 31 in Qld - amateur operator? - Electoral Rolls: articled law clerk (Annerley, 1925-1928); solicitor (Annerley, 1934; Fortitude Valley, 1936-1937; Clayfield, 1949-1968); retired (St Lucia, 1972-1980)

===''STEPHENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stephenson|Stephenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Wilfred Stephenson|Stephenson, Charles Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-M7F] - 1905(Qld)-1997(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother); 2BWQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 282, 1926, No. 25 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (Wooloowin RC, operator 4WN; WIAQ, operator 4AE); broadcast technician (4QG); business proprietor (cinema audio) - Relationships: brother of 4RG Harold John Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Wooloowin, Qld, 1928-1929); electrical engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1932-1933); sound engineer (Capertee, NSW, 1936-1937); panel beater (Bourke, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Capertee, NSW, 1949-1954; Maroubra, NSW, 1958); autoelectrician (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1977); retired (Blacktown, NSW, 1980) 

* [[/Harold John Stephenson|Stephenson, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/93BK-9M3] - 1903(Qld)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 4RG Brisbane (Wooloowin, 1926-1933)(licence jointly held with brother) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 290, 1926, No. 27 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: brother of 4RG/2BWQ Charles Wilfred Stephenson - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Wooloowin, Qld, 1925-1943); sheet metal worker (Wooloowin, Qld, 1949); engineer (Wooloowin, Qld, 1954); aircraft mechanic (Maroubra, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''STER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ster|Ster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. W. Ster|Ster, R. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3RC Melbourne (Preston, 1938-1939); 3AWG Barramunga (1954-1965) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STEVENS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevens|Stevens, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edgar F. Stevens|Stevens, Albert Edgar F. &quot;Bert&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KH4H-N2D] - 1894(Vic)-1954(WA) - Licences: 6BN Perth (North Perth, 1924-1927; South Perth, 1930-1939); nominated licensee for W732 WIA WA (1922) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 136, 1925, No. ?? in WA - Radio Activity: amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Geraldton, WA, 1916-1917); phone mechanic (North Perth, WA, 1925; South Perth, WA, 1931-1954) - TroveTag: &quot;6BN – Albert Edgar Stevens&quot;

* [[/Frederick William Stevens|Stevens, Frederick William]] - 1898-19?? - 4SP Brisbane, amateur operator (PRTC 788, 1923, Marconi &amp; Telefunken; 1COCP, 1930, Qld), Coastal wireless operator; first chief engineer 4QG, state public servant (4QG), pilot (Qantas), federal public servant (DCA)

* [[/Herbert Newman Stevens|Stevens, Herbert Newman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTYY-2NY] - 1911(???)-2005(Vic)94yo - Licences: 3JO Melbourne (Hawthorn East, 1933-1939, 1947-1948; Balwyn, 1954-1965; South Blackburn, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1191, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Auburn, Vic, 1936-1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1963; Blackburn South, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/James Thomas Stevens|Stevens, James Thomas or Thomas James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTBL-91P] - 1914(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3ZK Swan Hill (1933-1939, 1947); 3ZK Beverford (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1106, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Swan Hill, Vic, 1936-1954); clerk (Beverford, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Edward Stevens|Stevens, Robert Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZMF] - 1908(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: 7OJ Deloraine (1931-1933); 3OJ Melbourne (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 817, 1931, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Auburn, Vic, 1931; Burwood, 1937-1980)

===''STEVENSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stevenson|Stevenson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Vincent Stevenson|Stevenson, Cecil Vincent]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1X-5KF] - 1878(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2IY Receive Sydney (CBD, 1922); 815 Receive Sydney (Randwick); 2IY Sydney (Randwick, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; founder of 2UE B class - Relationships: Father of Murray Herman Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (South Randwick, NSW, 1930-1936); retired (Port Hacking, NSW, 1943-1954; Caringbah, NSW, 1958)

* [[/Murray Herman Stevenson|Stevenson, Murray Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GL1K-K6M] - 1905(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 46, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2IY-815-2IY Cecil Vincent Stevenson - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930; Coogee, NSW, 1934); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937-1954); electrical engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1963-1968); engineer (Turramurra, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STEWART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stewart|Stewart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Stewart|Stewart, Alexander]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2XF Tumut (1931-1934); 2XF Sydney (Bondi, 1946-1950); 2AXF Sydney (Balmain, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 865, 1931, No. ?? in NSW + others depending on identification - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: 

* [[/Alexander Barnett Stewart|Stewart, Alexander Barnett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHBR-VND] - 1895(Sct)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4DD Receive Brisbane (Hawthorne, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Oondooroo, Qld, 1919); farmer (Palmwoods, Qld, 1921-1925); orderman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1928); truck driver (Eight Mile Plains, Qld, 1936-1937); foreman (Hawthorne, Qld, 1943-1980)

* [[/Donald Richardson Stewart|Stewart, Donald Richardson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/94CC-2MT] - 1902(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: V739 Receive Lorne (1922); 3GS Receive Lorne (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Lorne, 1925-1954); guest house proprietor (Lorne, 1967-1968); proprietor (Lorne, 1972-1980)

* [[/H. A. Stewart|Stewart, H. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAM Melbourne (Williamstowm, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Stewart|Stewart, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXS7-R71] - 1896(Vic)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 234, 1916; 1COCP 318, 1933 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VID Darwin (1917-1918) - Comment: Several contemporaneous HSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. Stewart|Stewart, J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DK Receive Perth (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous JSs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/J. J. Stewart|Stewart, J. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XER Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Edgar Stewart|Stewart, John Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD8-3JC] - 1884(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2MR Newcastle (Mayfield, 1923-1929; Hamilton, 1930); 2MR Sydney (Chatswood, 1931); 4MR Brisbane (Nundah, 1933-1939, 1946-1948); 2MR Waratah (1954-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 43, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Commonwealth Electoral Commission (Chief Electoral Officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Arncliffe, 1913); District Returning Officer (Mayfield, 1930); Commonwealth Electoral Officer (Nundah, Qld, 1937-1949); retired (Waratah, 1954) - TroveTag: &quot;2MR-4MR - John Edgar Stewart&quot;

* [[/William Alfred Stewart|Stewart, William Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBZ-4XJ] - 1910(WA)-2020(WA)109yo - Licences: 6ST Perth (West Leederville, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1958, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Balkatta, WA, 1936; Leederville, WA, 1937); salesman (Wembley Park, WA, 1943; Leederville, WA, 1949); technician (Floreat Park, WA, 1954-1963; Wembley Park, WA, 1968; Floreat Park, WA, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://gerontology.fandom.com/wiki/William_Stewart Gerontology]

===''STICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stick|Stick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald James Stick|Stick, Reginald James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L69N-XLN] - 1898(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2BI Lismore (1935-1939); 2AMS Lismore (1950-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1431, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Lismore, NSW, 1934-1963)

===''STICKLAND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stickland|Stickland, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis James Stickland|Stickland, John Francis James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJHW-ZKB] - 1885(Vic)-1940(Vic) - Licences: XJS Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: coachbuilder (Auburn, Vic, 1909-1931); body builder (Auburn, 1936-1937)

===''STILLMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey Harward Stillman|Stillman, Geoffrey Harward]] - 1895(Vic)-1984(WA) - Licences: XJAH Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Brighton, Vic, 1919-1931); engineer (Claremont, WA, 1936-1963); retired (Maylands, WA, 1968-1980)

===''STIPEK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stipek|Stipek, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Stipek|Stipek, John &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5X-XL1] - 1898(NSW)-1974(Florida, USA) - Licences: 7BE Receive St Helens (1923); Receive St Helens (1923); 7BE St Helens (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; PMG telegraph messenger, left PMGD 1920; first to log KGO in Tas - Comment: beware two other John Stipek's concurrently in Tas, 1920s - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (St Helens, 1919); clerk (St Helens, 1922)

===''STIRK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stirk|Stirk, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frederick James Stirk|Stirk, Frederick James &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPHR-T2Q] - 1915(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Maroubra, 1931-1934); 2ABC Sydney (Maroubra, 1936-1939, 1946-1961; Beacon Hill, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 847, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; COCP2 48, 1935; COCP1 1115, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943; Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1963); engineer (Beacon Hill, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''STITFOLD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitfold|Stitfold, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Glen Stitfold|Stitfold, Ronald Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5BY-MK2] - 1907(WA)-1989(WA) - Licences: 6RS Perth (Carlisle, 1939, 1947-1955; Doubleview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2387, 1939, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Leonora, WA, 1931); bank official (Armadale, WA, 1936-1937; Carlisle, WA, 1943-1954); bank officer (Doubleview, WA, 1958-1980)

===''STITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stitt|Stitt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Hugh Reginald Stitt|Stitt, Walter Hugh Reginald &quot;Hughie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBX-L5G] - 1908(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2WH Forbes (1925-1969+); 2ARN Forster (1965-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 196, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2LM Leslie Maclean Wilson - Comment: His father also Walter Hugh Rankin Stitt and lived in same district - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1930); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1931); jackeroo (Forbes, NSW, 1932); grazier (Forbes, NSW, 1934-1963); retired grazier (Forster, NSW, 1968)

===''STOBIE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stobie|Stobie, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Claude Stobie|Stobie, Geoffrey Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY37-92H] - 1915(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: 3VW Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1934-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1323, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Heidelberg, Vic, 1937-1949)

===''STOCKALL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold John Stockall|Stockall, Harold John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFHN-GKD] - 1906(Eng)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 6DJ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Maylands, WA, 1931-1936; Earlwood, NSW, 1937); motor driver (Eastwood, NSW, 1949-1954); clerk (Parramatta North, NSW, 1958-1963; North Ryde, NSW, 1968-1972); retired (Tuncurry, NSW, 1972; Penrith, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOCKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur James Stocks|Stocks, Arthur James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZF-B2F] - 1884(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: XJDI Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kew, Vic, 1909-1919); sales (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1919-1943; Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954)
* [[/Daniel Alan John Stocks|Stocks, Daniel Alan John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZN8-R5P] - 1897(Vic)-1933(Vic) - Licences: 3DJ Melbourne (Canterbury, 1925-1927; Surrey Hills, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 144, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; electrical engineer - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Canterbury, Vic, 1921-1922); electrical engineer (Canterbury, Vic, 1924-1931)

===''STOCKTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Stockton|Stockton, Norman]] - 1904(WA)-1943(Germany) - 4NQ Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster, military (WW2, press correspondent), journalist - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''STONE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stone|Stone, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kenneth Charles John Stone|Stone, Kenneth Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G18L-4H4] - 1917(Qld)-2001(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2291, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Redfern, NSW, 1943); radio officer (Townsville, Qld, 1958-1963; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Robert Norman Stone|Stone, Robert Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYGC-LPV] - 1918(Tas)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1628, 1936, Vic; BOCP 99, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hobart South, Tas, 1943-1954)

===''STOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stow|Stow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Allen Frederick Stow|Stow, Allen Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8WR-7GG] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3AS Melbourne (North Carlton,1928-1931; North Fitzroy, 1933-1939, 1946-1947; Northcote, 1948-1965); 3AFS Portable Melbourne (Northcote, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 441, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 94, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Australian Army) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Carlton North, 1931; Fitzroy North, 1934-1942); technician (Northcote, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STOWAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stowar|Stowar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Stowar|Stowar, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR52-D1H] - 1920(NSW)-2009(NSW) - Licences: 2ACX Sydney (Auburn, 1938-1939, 1946-1947; Kingsgrove, 1948-1965; Burraneer Bay, 1969); 2AS Sydney (East Lindfield, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2236, 1938, NSW; AIR3 1587, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Auburn, NSW, 1943); electrician (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1963); superintendent (Cronulla, NSW, 1968); welding (Lindfield, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''STOWE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Alfred Stowe|Stowe, Harry Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWBJ-YTW] - 1892(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: XAS Sydney (Drummoyne, 1911-1914); 2CX Receive Sydney (Chatswood, 1922-1923); 2CX Sydney (Chatswood, 1924-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 19, 1924, No. 9 in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; honorary radio inspector - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Chatswood, 1930-1958); retired (Frenchs Forest, 1968-1977) - TroveTag: &quot;XAS-2CX - Harry Alfred Stowe&quot;

===''STOYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Bickley Stoyle|Stoyle, Jack Bickley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM1Z-JWV] - 1881(India)-1966(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 91, 1915; 1COCP 55, 1930 - RANRS (Commissioned Telegraphist, terminated Nov 1920); AWA CRS - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, 1917); radio station master (Darwin, 1922; Kilkenny, 1939-1943)

===''STRAFFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Michael Strafford|Strafford, John Michael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ2K-LBX] - 1900(SA)-1974(SA) - Licences: 5JS Adelaide (Stepney, 1936-1939; City, 1947-1965; Windsor Gardens, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1710, 1936, SA; BOCP 514, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STRATFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leo Stephen Stratford|Stratford, Leo Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHV-HRX] - 1915(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4AE Goondiwindi (1936-1939); 4LS Goondiwindi (1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1678, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1936-1949); radio dealer (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1954-1958); electrician (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1968); refrigeration mechanic (Goondiwindi, Qld, 1980)

===''STREAMER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* Streamer nee Mackenzie, Florence Madeline &quot;Madeline&quot; - See Florence Madeline Mackenzie 4YL
===''STREET''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Frederick Street|Street, Reginald Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW5S-Z4L] - 1900(Tas)-1927(Tas) - Licences: 7BD Receive Hobart (1923); Receive Hobart (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Hobart West, 1922)

===''STREETER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Street|Street, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy William Streeter|Streeter, Roy William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBXS-PW3] - 1917(Vic)-1988(WA) - Licences: 3AWG Burramunga (1948-1956); 5SK Millicent (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2078, 1938, Vic; BOCP 52, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Colac, Vic, 1943); farmer (Barramunga, Vic, 1949-1963)

===''STROHFELDT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gilbert Strohfeldt|Strohfeldt or Strofeldt, Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVWD-W9Z] - 1904(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4GS Brisbane (Paddington, 1932-1939; Camp Hill, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1041, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: licensed for 5 years after passing - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Roma, 1926); telegraphist (Charleville, 1928-1930); Paddington, Qld, 1936-1937); assistant radio inspector (Camp Hill, Qld, 1943)

===''STROUD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stroud|Stroud, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas James John Stroud|Stroud, Thomas James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6PD-9P5] - 1905(Qld)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AMR Dubbo (1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2325, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: painter (Dubbo, NSW, 1930-1977)

===''STRUTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Arthur Lloyd Strutt|Strutt, George Arthur Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNY8-8MH] - 1893(Tas)-1955(Vic) - Licences: XJDX Melbourne (Elwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Elwood, Vic, 1914-1927); orchardist (Frankston, Vic, 1931); carrier (Kew, Vic, 1936-1937); inspector (Blackburn, Vic, 1949); painter (Blackburn, Vic, 1954)

===''STUART''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart|Stuart, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis John Stuart|Stuart, Francis John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSH-RPC] - 1895(SA)-1961(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIH Hobart (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: naval officer (Hobart, Tas, 1919); telegraphist (Hobart, 1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1928-1942); primary producer (Tarra Valley, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Alphonsus Valentine Stuart|Stuart, Joseph Alphonsus Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNCF-RM8] - 1896(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3OO Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 52, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Albert Park, Vic, 1919-1924; Brighton, Vic, 1925-1963); retired (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968)

* [[/Michael Aloysius Horatio Stuart|Stuart, Michael Aloysius Horatio]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-2D9] - 1891(Vic)-1953(Vic) - Licences: 3MH Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1927); 3MH Rockbank (1931-1937); 5MS Adelaide (Rosewater, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 66, 1929; 1COCP 184, 1931; likely CRPT pre 1927 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (UK Merchant Navy); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1925-1927); radio telegraphist (Beam Radio Station, Rockbank, Vic, 1928-1937; Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Footscray North, Vic, 1949)

===''STUART-JONES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edward Stuart-Jones|Stuart-Jones, Arthur Edward]] - 1912(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1597, 1935, ??? - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''STUBBS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Stubbs|Stubbs, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Stubbs|Stubbs, Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2RB-PL2] - 1896(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2ZS Sydney (Maroubra Junction, 1933-1934; Epping, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 369, 1918 (Marconi); COCP1 320, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1934-1935); radio engineer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1963)

===''STURDEE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Vernon Ashton Hobart Sturdee|Sturdee, Vernon Ashton Hobart]] - 1890(Vic)-1966(Vic) - 4?? Brisbane, early wireless experimenter (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur radio club (member, WIQ)

===''SULLIVAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sullivan|Sullivan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Patrick Sullivan|Sullivan, James Patrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-GXP] - 1905(Eng)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JK Adelaide (Rose Park, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2272, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Rose Park, SA, 1939-1943)

* [[/John Sullivan|Sullivan, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLGD-VK6] - 1906(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SR Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1925-1926); 3SR Yallourn (1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 206, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Elsternwick, Vic, 1924-1931); engineer (Staff Mess, Yallourn, Vic, 1931; Yallourn, Vic, 1934-1936; Oakleigh, Vic, 1937; Elsternwick, Vic, 1937; Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Vincent Macleay Sullivan|Sullivan, Vincent Macleay &quot;Mac&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTD3-DSV] - 1898(NSW)-1989(SA) - Licences: XAC Smithtown (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, Sapper, Wireless Moore Park, Light Motor Wireless Section, Anzac Wireless Squadron, 1916-1919)  - Electoral Rolls: apiarist (Watervale, SA, 1939-1943)

===''SUMSION''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sumsion|Sumsion, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Walter Sumsion|Sumsion, Charles Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRTM-KPG] - 1918(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3YD Melbourne (Oakleigh, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1371, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Comment: Another contemporaneous CWS - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1942-1972; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SUNTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Boyd Sunter|Sunter, Horace Boyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMDQ-56X] - 1899(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2LM Receive Sydney (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1922); 3BS Melbourne (Toorak, Vic, 1924-1925; St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1926); 2BS Sydney (Bondi Beach, NSW, 1927-1929; Vaucluse, NSW, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 808, 1924 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); electrical instrument fitter (Kirribilli, NSW, 1949); guest house proprietor (Camden, NSW, 1954); retired (Kurmond, NSW, 1968; Springwood, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''SUTHERLAND''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan James Sutherland|Sutherland, Alan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK6-94L] - 1916(SA)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 5XB Adelaide (Glenelg, 1935-1939, 1947-1948); 3AXB Melbourne (Balwyn, 1954-1965); 3KY Melbourne (Balwyn, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1592, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dunleath, SA, 1939-1941); public servant (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Canterbury, Vic, 1954-1968; Balwyn, Vic, 1972-1977); retired (Scarness, Qld, 1977)
* [[/George Bremner Sutherland|Sutherland or Clyne, George Bremner &quot;Jock&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVF-KQC] - 1893(Sct)-1981(SA) - Licences: 6GB Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 295, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; telegraphist (Navy, 1911), journalist (Listening In Column, Perth Western Mail, 1924); late 1920s assistant chief engineer 6WF (to Wally Coxon) - Electoral Rolls: DCA (aeradio operator, from 1941); radio operator (Kalgoorlie, 1949); retired (North Perth, 1958)

===''SUTTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sutton|Sutton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Ernest Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMFM-Z34] - 1882(Vic)-1956(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (early 1910s); utilised Henry Sutton's experimental licence - Relationships: son of XLM Henry Sutton - Electoral Rolls: music seller (Malvern, 1909-1913; Hawthorn, 1914-1915); engineer (Kew, 1922-1925); traveller (Camberwell, 1927); mechanic (Brunswick, 1928)

* [[/Arthur Fraser Sutton|Sutton, Arthur Fraser]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K23N-VYW] - 1888(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2EM Sydney (Darling Point, 1936-1937; Killara, 1938-1939, 1946-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1832, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; pre-WW1 (Army, AVAC, 1910-1915); WW1 (Army, 5th Field Artillery, 1915-1919; Captain, Dental Corps) - Electoral Rolls: dentist (Ashfield, NSW, 1913; Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1936; Killara, NSW, 1937-1958); dental surgeon (St Ives, NSW, 1963-1968); dental (St Ives, NSW, 1972)

* [[/Henry Sutton|Sutton, Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD19-T7V] - 1855(Vic)-1912(Vic) - Licences: XLM Melbourne (Malvern, 1910-1912) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter (unlicensed from 1890s); numerous inventions, Australia's first wireless telephony experimenter (1906); invented several new types of telephones; early television experiments - Relationships: father of Arthur Ernest Sutton - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sutton-henry-4675 ADB] - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Jnr|Sutton, Joseph William Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-HCJ] - 1874(Qld)-1941(Qld) - Licences: 4CP Receive Brisbane (City, 1923); 4EI Brisbane (City, 1923-1925) (In the name of the State Engineer) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio club (WIQ, foundation member; QWI); electrical engineer; senior federal public servant (PMGD, State Engineer) - Relationships: son of Joseph William Sutton Snr - Electoral Rolls: electric engineer (Teneriffe, 1903); engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909); assistant (GPO, 1912-1919); electrical engineer (New Farm, 1921-1936); retired (Ascot, 1937)

* [[/Joseph William Sutton Snr|Sutton, Joseph William Snr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKF-W6T] - 1844(Eng)-1914(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - club (Royal Society Qld, president) - Relationships: father of Joseph William Sutton Jnr - Links: [[w:Joseph William Sutton|Wikipedia]] - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Teneriffe, 1908-1909)

===''SWABY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swaby|Swaby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maxwell John Swaby|Swaby, Maxwell John &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LY3N-SKH] - 1917(Vic)-1976(Qld) - Licences: 3DD Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1934-1939); 4DA Dalby (1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1379, 1934, Vic; COCP1 914, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brisbane, Qld, 1943); radio engineer (Dalby, Qld, 1949-1954); farmer (Dalby, Qld, 1958-1972)

===''SWAIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swain|Swain, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Tamsett Swain|Swain, Lionel Tamsett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL1J-TGY] - 1902(NSW)-1985(NSW) - Licences: 2CS Receive Newcastle (Hamilton, 1922); 2CS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1923-1927; Waratah, 1928-1939, 1946-1950; Charlestown, 1954-1961; Bolton Point, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 108, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Withdrawal: when 2CS Coffs Harbour commenced in early 1980s, policy had changed as to withdrawal of similar amateur callsigns - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Waratah, 1930-1954); engineer (Charlestown, 1958-1963); retired (Bolton Point, 1968-1980)

===''SWAINGER''===

* [[/Alfred John Swainger|Swainger, Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7J4-6QD] - 1920(Vic)-2007(Vic) - Licences: 3IP Melbourne (Upper Ferntree Gully, 1947-1975; Ferntree Gully, 1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2224, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: draftsman (Upper Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1949-1968; Ferntree Gully, 1972); engineer (Ferntree Gully, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''SWANSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swanson|Swanson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Wilfred Swanson|Swanson, William Wilfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRF2-KMK] - 1909(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2AFL Sydney (North Sydney, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1856, 1937, NSW; COCP2 109, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Pilot Station, Newcastle, NSW, 1930; Vaucluse, NSW, 1932-1935); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1937); marine radio officer (Earlwood, NSW, 1949)

===''SWANTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cedric Howell Swanton|Swanton, Cedric Howell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G62M-Y9M] - 1899(Vic)-1970(NSW) - Licences: XOZ Melbourne (Kew, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Kew, Vic, 1922-1928); medical practitioner (Merrylands, NSW, 1932-1933; Edgecliff, NSW, 1937-1949; Double Bay, NSW, 1954-1963; Elizabeth Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''SWEENEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Walter Moss Sweeney|Sweeney, Walter Moss]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LNZ7-YRD] - 1887(Eng)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3WS Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1924-1925; Elwood, 1925-1931; St Kilda, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 204, 1916 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Subiaco, 1916-1917); no occupation (Melbourne, 1919); wireless engineer (East Melbourne, 1921-1924); engineer (Elsternwick, 1925-1928); director (St Kilda, 1931-1963)

===''SWINBURNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Charles Richard Swinburne|Swinburne, Frank Charles Richard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDML-S1J] - 1901(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: 2AT Receive Sydney (Manly, 1922-1923); 2AT Sydney (Manly, 1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 557, 1920 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Manly, NSW, 1937; North Sydney, 1943))
===''SWINDELLS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Swindells|Swindells, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Willie Swindells|Swindells, Willie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L812-BTK] - 1890(Eng)-1975(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIS Sydney (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Richmond, Vic, 1913-1914; Parkdale, Vic, 1925-1926); engineer (Geelong, 1927; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1931-1933); electrical engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1934)

===''SYDOW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydow|Sydow, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Frederick Sydow|Sydow, John Frederick &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2G9-B92] - 1912(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JX Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1932-1939); 3JX Hamilton (1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 974, 1932, Vic; BOCP 418, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (South Melbourne, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Hamilton, Vic, 1942-1968)

===''SYDSERFF''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sydserff|Sydserff, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Harold Buchan Sydserff|Sydserff, William Harold Buchan &quot;Harold&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNN-XS9] - 1907(Vic)-1970(Vic) - Licences: 3XL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1931-1939; Burwood, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 808, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Canterbury, Vic, 1928-1937); salesman (Burwood, Vic, 1942; Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1963; Wattle Park, Vic, 1968)

===''SYKES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Sykes|Sykes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Frederick Sykes|Sykes, Charles Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LT64-LFS] - 1886(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAQ Sydney (Redfern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Ashfield, NSW, 1930-1943; Balgowlah, NSW, 1949)

===''SYMONDS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Nathaniel Joseph Leo Symonds|Symonds, Nathaniel Joseph Leo &quot;Leo&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KJZ3-3QH] - 1908(WA)-2005(WA) - Licences: 6LS Perth (Cottesloe Beach, 1925-1930; Bicton, 1947-1948); 6LX Perth (Kalamunda, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 207, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: tailor (Cottesloe, 1931-1943); radio operator (Fremantle, 1949-1954); radio technician (Kalamunda, 1958-1980)

===''SYMONS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Symons|Symons, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Lindsay Gordon Symons|Symons, John Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KZZ5-Q42] - 1913(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3JT Melbourne (Malvern, 1930-1939; East Hawthorn, 1946-1947; Burwood, 1948; South Melbourne, 1954-1956; Mt Waverley, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 662, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1943; Glen Iris, Vic, 1949); hotelkeeper (Malvern, Vic, 1954); engineer (Syndal, Vic, 1963)

* [[/Sydney George Symons|Symons, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTHX-WGW] - 1915(Qld)-1993(Qld) - Licences: 4SY Townsville (1938-1939, 1948-1960); 4SY Brisbane (Clayfield, 1965-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2201, 191938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Townsville, Qld, 1949-1958); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1958); technician (Clayfield, Qld, 1963-1980)

=='''T'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''TACEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tacey|Tacey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Douglas Wheeler Tacey|Tacey, Douglas Wheeler]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTNB-8H7] - 1905(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 3DW Shepparton (1931-1939, 1948); 3DW Lilydale (1954); 5DW Adelaide (Frewville, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 841, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Castlemaine, Vic, 1926); cinematic operator (Shepparton, Vic, 1931); sound projectionist (Shepparton, Vic, 1934-1937); RAAF Instructor (Ballarat, Vic, 1942); manager (Woodend Theatre, Woodend, Vic, 1949); manager (Lilydale, Vic, 1954)

===''TALLENT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tallent|Tallent, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Daniel Tallent|Tallent, William Daniel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB9W-S23] - 1913(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3TT Dean (1937-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1952, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Dean, Vic, 1935-1980)

===''TANDY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tandy|Tandy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Tandy|Tandy, Ronald &quot;Ron&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-B29] - 1909(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3KX Colac (1931-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 816, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Colac, Vic, 1933-1968)

* [[/Roy Percival Tandy|Tandy, Roy Percival or Percival Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD7J-54J] - 1908(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2220, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Camberwell North, Vic, 1931-1937); electrical mechanic (Gardiner, Vic, 1943; Caulfield, Vic, 1949; Darling, Vic, 1954-1968)

===''TANNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tanner|Tanner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Sidney Charles Tanner|Tanner, Leslie Sidney Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L55H-KF4] - 1915(NSW)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2ABL Sydney (Canley Vale, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1963, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1937-1943)

* [[/William Edward Tanner|Tanner, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4Q3-FQS] - 1909(Tas)-1996(Tas) - Licences: 7TE Launceston (1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2380, 1939, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless dealer (Launceston, Tas, 1936-1937); RAN (Naval Depot, Hobart, Tas, 1943); mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1949); radio mechanic (Launceston, Tas, 1954-1968)

===''TAPLIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taplin|Taplin, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. F. Taplin|Taplin, H. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2545 Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TAPP''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Ernest Tapp|Tapp, Charles Ernest or Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7P-BXV] - 1894(NSW)-1948(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 82, 1915 - RANRS (commissioned telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: OIC Wireless Station (Thursday Island, Qld, 1915; South Yarra, Vic, 1917-1919); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1930); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1942); manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943)

===''TAPPER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Robert Tapper|Tapper, John Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZX-4T6] - 1910(WA)-1992(WA) - Licences: 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1929-1939); 6RJ Onslow (1946-1947); 6RJ Perth (Claremont, 1948-1960); 2AO Wagga Wagga (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 538, 1929, No. ?? in WA; 1COCP 218, 1931; TVOCP 324, 1961 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Claremont, 1931-1943); operator (Claremont, 1949-1963); radio inspector (Wagga Wagga, 1968-1980)

===''TARBOTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry Augustus Tarbotton|Tarbotton, Harry Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF93-87K] - 1902(Eng)-1961(WA) - Licences: 6HT Albany (1936-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1672, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: motor driver (Albany, WA, 1925-1931); motor mechanic (Albany, WA, 1936-1954); radio service (Albany, WA, 1958)

===''TARLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alfred William Tarling|Tarling, Alfred William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVH9-4RZ] - 1900(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4TW Townsville (1937-1939, 1946-1948) - Qualifications: cc; (likely qualification ca 1920, British Merchant Navy; 1COCP 679, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Coolbie, Ingham, Qld, 1930); wireless operator (Pimlico, Qld, 1931-1932); labourer (West End, Qld, 1936-1937); radio engineer (Townsville, Qld, 1943-1949)

===''TARRANT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tarrant|Tarrant, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Albert Tarrant|Tarrant, Ernest Albert Jnr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8SB-Z68] - 1898(NSW)-1956(NSW) - Licences: 2AK Receive Narrabri (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Eulah Creek, 1930; Narrabri, 1943)

* [[/Horace Joseph Tarrant|Tarrant, Horace Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW3-T6Q] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 2AFH Sydney (Richmond, 1936-1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1838, 1936, NSW; COCP2 132, 1937; COCP1 260, 1939; AIR1 3, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1933-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (RAAF Richmond, NSW, 1937; St Kilda, Vic, 1943-1967; Balaclava, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Francis Tarrant|Tarrant, William Francis &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD5M-6JT] - 1914(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2UF Newcastle (Cooks Hill, 1932-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1054, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: ironworker (Newcastle, 1930-1949)

===''TATHAM''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Edward Tatham|Tatham, Sydney Ernest Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQT-52W] - 1896(Eng)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 2ST Sydney (Neutral Bay, 1923-1925; City, 1926-1928; Darling Point, 1929-1933; City, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 33, 1915; 1COCP 406, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (editor, Sea, Land and Air, 1922); WW2 - Electoral Rolls: instructor (St Kilda, 1919; South Yarra, 1919); merchant (Darling Point, 1930-1933; City, 1934-1937; Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Camberwell, 1954); director (Balwyn, 1958-1972)
===''TAYLOR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Taylor|Taylor, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert William Taylor|Taylor, Albert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX56-JGX] - 1910(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AT Port Pirie (1934-1937); 5AT Adelaide (Solomontown, 1938-1939; Edwardstown, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1276, 1934, SA; BOCP 286, 1940; TVOCP 461, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Marleston, SA, 1941; Edwardstown, SA, 1943)

* [[/Alexander Francis Taylor|Taylor, Alexander Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYMQ-GLC] - 1917(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Melbourne (Ivanhoe, 1934-1939); 3AT Shepparton (1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1245, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1943); medical practitioner (Shepparton, Vic, 1949-1980)

* [[/B. A. Taylor|Taylor, B. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DF Receive Brisbane (East Brisbane, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Charles Taylor|Taylor, Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XOU Melbourne (West Melbourne, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: inspector (Melbourne, Vic, 1914)

* [[/Charles Farrow Taylor|Taylor, Charles Farrow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9JT-K3L] - 1888(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 3ZD Melbourne (Kew, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AFC) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Heidelberg, Vic, 1922); electrical contractor (Kew, Vic, 1922-1924); electrician (Camberwell, Vic, 1928-1937; Unley, SA, 1943) 

* [[/Donald Gordon Taylor|Taylor, Donald Gordon &quot;Don&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-N31] - 1907(SA)-1985(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Forestville, 1923-1924); 5DX Adelaide (Forestville, 1926-1937; Black Forest, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 307, 1926, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 25, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: another DGT served in WW2 &amp; died on active service 1943 in NT - Electoral Rolls: wireless mechanic (Goodwood, 1939; Black Forest, 1941-1943) - Trovetag: &quot;5DX - Donald Gordon Taylor&quot;

* [[/Florence Mary Parsons|Taylor nee Parsons, Florence Mary]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZX2-FZB] - 1879(Eng)-1969(NSW) - Licences: Nil - Qualifications: Nil - publisher - Electoral Rolls: managing director (Sydney, 1936); journalist (Vaucluse, 1954); editor (Darlinghurst, 1958; Potts Point, 1963) - Relationships: wife of George Augustine Taylor - [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-florence-mary-8754 ADB]

* [[/G. U. H. Taylor|Taylor, G. U. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XACA Sydney (Glebe Point, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George Augustine Taylor|Taylor, George Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZB4-JG7] - 1872(NSW)-1928(NSW) - Licences: Nil (always operated under military or other amateur licences) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; founder WIA NSW; founder Association for Development of Wireless in Australasia - Electoral Rolls: Nil - Comment: gone too soon - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/taylor-george-augustine-8756 ADB]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/taylor-george-augustine-8756 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Harold Edward Taylor|Taylor, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZP3-NMD] - 1896(Vic)-1918(Vic) - Licences: XJCZ Melbourne (Camberwell South, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Henry Arthur Taylor|Taylor, Henry Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF77-443] - 1907(Eng)-1996(WA) - Licences: 6AT Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1042, 1932, WA; AOLCP 216, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: joiner (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1934); radio engineer (6KG, Parkeston, WA, 1937-1943; Nedlands, WA, 1954-1963); retired (South Perth, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Edward Jack Taylor|Taylor, Herbert Edward Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G52W-53Q] - 1913(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Monteagle (1934); 2TC Monteagle (1935-1939, 1946-1955); 2TC Bundanoon (1956-1961); 2TC Sydney (Cronulla, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1459, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2TM amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2TM Tamworth commercial service - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Monteagle, NSW, 1936-1954; Bundanoon, NSW, 1958); self employed (Gymea, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Cronulla, NSW, 1972); retired (Cronulla, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Herbert James Taylor|Taylor, Herbert James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNP1-WPP] - 1888(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XPO Warracknabeal (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: ledgerkeeper (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1914-1917); clerk (Camperdown, Vic, 1919); bookkeeper (Bendigo, Vic, 1921; Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1927); shopkeeper (Carlton, Vic, 1928); bookkeeper (Toorak, Vic, 1931); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1936-1937); caretaker (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Leslie Harry Taylor|Taylor, Leslie Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G841-CD4] - 1898(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2CL Sydney (Ashfield, 1936-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1723, 1936, NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948)   - Electoral Rolls: manager (Leichhardt, 1930-1933; Ashfield, 1935-1968); retired (Ashfield, 1977)

* [[/Norman Stanley Taylor|Taylor, Norman Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L66R-XLB] - 1900(Vic)-1941(Sct) - Licences: 3PX Melbourne (St Kilda, 1925-1931); 2BC Sydney (Rose Bay, 1935-1936; McMahons Point, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 469, 1919; COCP2, 275, 1939  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy) - Comment: Another NST passed in WW2 - Electoral Rolls: traveller (St Kilda, Vic, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, NSW, 1935; Milsons Point, NSW, 1936-1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034201 AWM]; [https://www.cwgc.org/umbraco/surface/Pdf/WarDeadCertificate/?id=2964901 CWGC]; [https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/crews/person/36827.html Uboats]; [https://ausmerchantnavy.weebly.com/la-estancia.html Aus Merchant Navy] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/William Thomas Taylor|Taylor, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB2J-ZXD] - 1913(Vic)-1977(WA) - Licences: 6TT Perth (Rossmoyne, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1584, 1935, Vic; COCP3 919, 1950; COCP1 1599, 1951 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster? - Comment: Numerous contemporaneous WTTs - Electoral Rolls: RAAF (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); radio engineer (Fremantle, WA, 1949; Spearwood, WA, 1954; Riverton, WA, 1958-1968); engineer (Riverton, WA, 1972); retired (Balga, WA, 1977)

===''TEECE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Teece|Teece, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Auburn Selwyn Teece|Teece, Cecil Auburn Selwyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2Z37-JSS] - 1885(NSW)-1970(ACT) - Licences: V733 Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 3GO Receive Melbourne (Toorak, 1922); 2AWM Canberra (Reid, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (East Melbourne, 1909); examiner (Kew, 1910); civil servant (Kew, 1912; Hawthorn, 1914-1917); examiner of patents (Box Hill, 1919); civil servant (Toorak, 1922; Sandringham, 1924; St Kilda, 1928; East Melbourne, 1931; Reid, ACT, 1935-1937; Barton, 1943); public servant (Barton, 1949-1954); retired (Braddon, 1958-1968)

===''TEMBY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Temby|Temby, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Kevin Temby|Temby, Francis Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB74-N7Z] - 1914(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3WR Melbourne (Malvern, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1871, 1937, Vic; BOCP 114, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Malvern, Vic, 1943-1949); technician (Deepdene, Vic, 1954-1963; Camberwell North, Vic, 1967-1968; Canterbury, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Harold Moyle Temby|Temby, Harold Moyle]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYCF-35M] - 1914(NSW)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2ZJ Broken Hill (1934-1939, 1947-1956); 5ZJ Adelaide (Brighton, 1960-1965; Hove, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1334, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Broken Hill, NSW, 1936-1954)

===''TEMPLEMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeman|Templeman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Joseph Templeman|Templeman, George Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR73-RR6] - 1910(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2AFV Barmedman (1936-1939, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1839, 1936, NSW; COCP2 268, 1939; COCP1 628, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Barmedman, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''TEMPLETON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Templeton|Templeton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Lander Templeton|Templeton, Gordon Lander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-VLH] - 1909(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 3OW Coleraine (1930-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 631, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Flying Officer) - Electoral Rolls: farm labourer (Tahara Bridge, 1931-1937) - Relationships: Cousin of 3HG Neil Murray Templeton - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Neil Murray Templeton|Templeton, Neil Murray]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6SD-RDT] - 1911(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3HG Coleraine (1930-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 632, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1934-1937); RAAF (Canterbury, 1943); grazier (Tahara Bridge, 1949-1963) - Relationships: Cousin of 3OW Gordon Lander Templeton

===''TERNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ternes|Ternes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Henry McDonald Ternes|Ternes, Henry McDonald &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L169-WP1] - 1910(Vic)-1940(PNG) - Licences: 3AV Melbourne (Carnegie, 1932-1933; Oakleigh, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 975, 1932, No. ?? in Vic; 2COCP 46, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Accidentally killed, apparently not on active service [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206829903] - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Oakleigh, Vic, 1931-1936)

===''THACKERAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thackeray|Thackeray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Makepeace Thackeray|Thackeray, Alan Makepeace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXQ-K1M] - 1903(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2TA Young (1933-1939, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1387, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Young, NSW, 1934-1968)

===''THEEL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth Milton Theel|Theel, Kenneth Milton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LD1Z-1Z9] - 1908(SA)-1956(SA) - Licences: 5CT Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); 5QP Adelaide (St Peters, 1927-1933; Clarence Park, 1937-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 322, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: ledger keeper (Reade Park Gardens, SA, 1941-1943)

===''THOMAS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomas|Thomas, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. P. Thomas|Thomas, C. P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2YN Sydney (Sydney CBD, 1924; Annandale, 1924; Granville, 1924-1925); 4CP Willis Island (1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/David Eric Thomas|Thomas, David Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8BC-N2Z] - 1909(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3ZL Ballarat East (1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 890, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: cleaner (Ballarat East, Vic, 1931-1936); railway employee (Ballarat East, Vic, 1937-1980)

* [[/George Sylvanus Thomas|Thomas, George Sylvanus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5QL-ZYS] - 1893(NSW)-1983(???) - Licences: XGV Sydney (Paddington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Bondi, NSW, 1930-1949; Lane Cove, NSW, 1954-1958; Hunters Hill, NSW, 1963-1968); fitter (Hunters Hill, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Henry Kirk Raleigh Thomas|Thomas, Henry Kirk Raleigh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWX4-8LL] - 1902(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HT Sydney (Mosman, 1924; Neutral Bay, 1925-1933; Cremorne, 1933-1934; Mosman, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1, 1924, No. 1 in NSW and Australia - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948); broadcast engineer (2GB, assistant engineer, 1946) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1930-1934; Mosman, NSW, 1934-1937); soldier (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); broadcast engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1954; Meadowbank, NSW, 1958; Ryde, NSW, 1968); engineer (Ryde, NSW, 1972); retired (Newrybar, NSW, 1977-1980)

* [[/Herbert Thomas|Thomas, Herbert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DY Perth (CBD, 1924; Inglewood, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, salesman (Harris Scarfe, 1924) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: several contemporaneous HTs

* [[/Ivor Thomas|Thomas, Ivor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8HB-Q3G] - 1897(SA)-1965(SA) - Licences: 5IT Adelaide (Mitcham, 1929-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 496, 1929, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: warehouseman (Kingswood Park, 1939-1943)

* [[/Josiah Thomas|Thomas, Josiah]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSY-Y24] - 1863(Eng)-1933(NSW) - establishment radio station (2CH), state politician (NSW, MLA, 1890s), senior federal politician (MHR, Postmaster-General 1908-1909, 1910-1911) - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/L. H. Thomas|Thomas, L. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6DM Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Roland Henry Thomas|Thomas, Roland Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-7Z4] - 1911(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4LR Brisbane (Bulimba, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1058, 1932, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Bulimba, 1934); radio technician (Bulimba, Qld, 1937-1972); proprietor (Manly West, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Roy Valentine Thomas|Thomas, Roy Valentine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ6H-7WG] - 1907(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2TK Sydney (Erskinville, 1925); 2RV Sydney (Bondi North, 1927-1930); 2TK Sydney (South Hurstville, 1947-1958) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 62, 19??, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (North Bondi, NSW, 1930); no occupation (Bondi, NSW, 1933); radio dealer (Bankstown, NSW, 1937); radio technician (Hurstville, NSW, 1943-1958)

===''THOMPSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thompson|Thompson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Cecil Thompson|Thompson, Alfred Cecil]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ1-VSP] - 1906(NSW)-1962(NSW) - Licences: 2AGV Sydney (Auburn, 1937-1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1903, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Auburn, NSW, 1930-1963)

* [[/Frederick Thompson|Thompson, Frederick]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2HF Receive Sydney (East Balmain, 1922-1923); 2HF Sydney (Balmain, 1924-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 47, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Identification: several contemporaneous F. Thompson - TroveTag: &quot;2HF - Frederick Thompson&quot;

* [[/G. F. Thompson|Thompson, G. F.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3TH Melbourne (Carnegie, 1933; Caulfield, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Geoffrey George Thompson|Thompson, Geoffrey George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SP-DDD] - 1911(Vic)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3GT Melbourne (Thornbury, 1928; Melbourne CBD, 1931; Thornbury, 1933-1939); 3AC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 388, 1928, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Thornbury, Vic, 1934-1937; North Melbourne, Vic, 1949); cameraman (Hawthorn, Vic, 1954-1980)

* [[/Henry Thomas Thompson|Thompson, Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJ59-621] - 1899(Vic)-1984(Aus) - Licences: XJBU Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914); 3BW Melbourne (Albert Park, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Albert Park, Vic, 1924-1937); electrician (Bentleigh, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Jefferis Thompson|Thompson, Jefferis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJY-VZG] - 1901(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2XP Wyong (1933-1937); 2XP Sydney (Guildford, 1938); 2XP Lismore (1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 694, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Wyong Creek, NSW, 1936-1937); machinist (Epping, NSW, 1943); sawmiller (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1949); share farmer (Millmerran, Qld, 1954-1958); farmer (Numinbah Valley, Qld, 1963); retired (Natural Bridge, Qld, 1968)

* [[/John Kitchener Thompson|Thompson, John Kitchener]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY23-2VH] - 1916(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3QL Melbourne (Yarraville, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2133, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Relationships: Brother of 3YM Sydney Arthur Thompson - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Seaholme, Vic, 1942-1949); toolmaker (Footscray North, Vic, 1954-1968)

* [[/John William Thompson|Thompson, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWK-YD4] - 1918(WA)-1974(NSW) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Stanmore, 1939, 1948-1950; Dulwich Hill, 1954-1955; Stanmore, 1956-1957; Earlwood, 1958-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2323, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWTs - Electoral Rolls: company representative (Earlwood, NSW, 1958-1972)

* [[/Leonard Neville Weston Fane Thompson|Thompson or Fane-Thompson, Leonard Neville Weston Fane]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJKN-FJV] - 1899(NSW)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3LT Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1933; Carrum, 1937-1939; Bonbeach, 1946-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 762, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Batallion Reinf, 1918-1919) - Electoral Rolls: clerk at time of enlistment, 1918; railway employee (Glenferrie, 1925; Mitcham, 1931; Chelsea, 1934; Carrum, 1936-1954)

* [[/Maxwell Mannering Thompson|Thompson, Maxwell Mannering]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB43-7XL] - 1917(Vic)-2010(USA)93yo - Licences: 3VT Melbourne (East Melbourne, 1937-1939, 1947-1948); 3OO Melbourne (Parkdale, 1969-1975; Mt Eliza, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOLCP 272, 1935; AOCP 1922, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lubeck, Vic, 1942)

* [[/Ralph Noel Thompson|Thompson, Ralph Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3NQ-14T] - 1917(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3RN Melbourne (East Brunswick, Vic, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1153, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Carlton, Vic, 1942; Ivanhoe, Vic, 1949-1954); public servant (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1963-1977); retired (Lower Plenty, Vic, 1980) 

* [[/Ronald Roy Thompson|Thompson, Ronald Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY41-LJ4] - 1915(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: 3UF Melbourne (St Kilda, 1935-1937); 3UF Tatura (1938-1939); 3UF Melbourne (Coburg, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1550, 1935, Vic; COCP2 137, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Preston, Vic, 1949-1954)

* [[/Stanley Gordon Thompson|Thompson, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLZ-S21] - 1906(NSW)-1975(Vic) - Licences: 3AZ Melbourne (North Brighton, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: expert (Brighton, Vic, 1931); mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936); sales (Shepparton, Vic, 1963-1972)

* [[/Sydney Arthur Thompson|Thompson, Sydney Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GY2S-R6L] - 1913(WA)-2000(Vic) - Licences: 3YM Melbourne (Yarraville, 1936-1939; Glenroy, 1947-1954; West Essendon, 1955-1960; Essendon, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1776, 1936, Vic; COCP2 359, 1940; COCP1 448, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lilydale, Vic, 1935-1937); faller (Healesville, Vic, 1949); electrical fitter (Essendon North, Vic, 1954); foreman (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1968; Essendon, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''THOMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thomson|Thomson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur William Thomson|Thomson, Arthur William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZND-ZPF] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3AT Sunshine (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 145, 1925, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous AWTs - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sunshine, Vic, 1931; Malvern East, Vic, 1934-1980)

* [[/Gordon Leonard Thomson|Thomson, Gordon Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG83-718] - 1904(Sct)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GT Sydney (Waverley, 1924-1926); 2AVT Sydney (Hurstville, 1969, 1980); operator of 2BV Waverley Radio Club - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3, 1924, No. 2 in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, Citizen's Military Forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Hurstville, NSW, 1931-1980) - Links: [https://vk2bv.org/home/waverley-amateur-radio-society-home-page/club-history/ WARC]

* [[/Henry Chatham Thomson|Thomson, Henry Chatham &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7DZ-6CN] - 1908(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3BZE Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1462, 1935, Vic; AOCP1 10, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Brighton, Vic, 1936; Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); engineer (Brighton, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''THORBURN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert George Thorburn|Thorburn, Robert George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRVJ-9MS] - 1915(NSW)-1982(Eng) - Licences: 2AIP Sydney (Marrickville, 1937-1939, 1946-1950; Hurstville, 1954-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2017, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: truck driver (Marrickville, NSW, 1937-1949); radio tradesman (Hurstville, NSW, 1958)

===''THORLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorley|Thorley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roy Thorley|Thorley, Roy &quot;John&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDR2-8GW] - 1912(Qld)-1966(Qld) - Licences: 4RT Brisbane (South Brisbane, 1936-1937; Annerley, 1938-1939; Holland Park, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, president); business proprietor (mechanical engineering) - Comment: killed in automobile accident - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1937); engineer (Holland Park, Qld, 1949-1963); contractor (Charters Towers, Qld, 1963)

===''THORNCROFT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorncroft|Thorncroft, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/W. Thorncroft|Thorncroft, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XABM Sydney (Rookwood, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''THORNHILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornhill|Thornhill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Royal Thornhill|Thornhill, Leslie Royal]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G163-YPB] - 1909(Qld)-1949?(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2341, 1939, Qld - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster?; WW2 (RAN, 1911-1970) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Ayr, Qld, 1930-1936; Bundaberg, Qld, 1937); telegraphist (Wynnum, Qld, 1941-1943) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/804492 VWM]

===''THORNLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornley|Thornley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Peter Edmund Thornley|Thornley, Peter Edmund]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP3-G4L] - 1920(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3PE Camperdown (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1845, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: sales (Sandringham, Vic, 1949-1954); clerk (St Kilda, Vic, 1963; Chadstone, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''THORNTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thornton|Thornton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey William Thornton|Thornton, Geoffrey William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G94S-VKR] - 1917(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2IP Sydney (North Sydney, 1935-1939, 1946-1950; Avalon Beach, 1954; Cammeray, 1955-1975; Avalon Beach, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1511, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Comment: Another contemporaneous GWT - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Cammeray, NSW, 1943-1949); technician (Cammeray, NSW, 1954-1968); manager (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''THORPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thorpe|Thorpe, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Graham Thorpe|Thorpe, Thomas Graham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT97-XQP] - 1916(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AMC Sydney (Mosman, 1939); 2QT Sydney (Mosman, 1946-1950; Castlecrag, 1954-1955; Mascot, 1956-1957); 2QT Mittagong (1958-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2264, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: student (Mosman, NSW, 1937); dental surgeon (Mosman, NSW, 1943; Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Castlecrag, NSW, 1954; Mittagong, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''THRING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis William Thring|Thring, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9XFG-ZY6] - 1882(NSW)-1936(Vic) - Film producer; founder 3XY Melbourne - Links: [[w:F. W. Thring|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/thring-francis-william-frank-19779 Obituaries Australia]

===''THROSSELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lancelot Ledsam Throssell|Throssell or Throssel, Lancelot Ledsam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KHFL-59C] - 1902(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6LT Northam (1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 248, 1926, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Northam, 1925-1931); civil servant (Northam, 1936-1937); clerk (Bruce Rock, 1943); bank officer (Kojonup, 1954; Innaloo, 1963-1972); retired (Osborne Park, 1980)

===''THUGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thuge|Thuge, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Thuge|Thuge, Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDL-F55] - 1917(Qld)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 4NC Gladstone (1936-1937); 4NO Gladstone (1938-1939); 4NO Brisbane (Hendra, 1947); 2ANO Sydney (Stanmore, 1948-1950; Arncliffe, 1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1622, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943); bank officer (Petersham, NSW, 1949; Arncliffe, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1972)

===''THURSTAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thurstan|Thurstan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wyngate Thurstan|Thurstan, Arthur Wyngate]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVFV-XSS] - 1907(Eng)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2AV Sydney (Penshurst, 1924-1929; Sandringham, 1930; Penshurst, 1931; West Kogarah, 1933-1934; Penshurst, 1935-1939; Beverley Hills, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 38, 1924, No ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948); chief chemist (Lempriere &amp; Co) - Electoral Rolls: analyst (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930; Penshurst, NSW, 1932; West Kogarah, NSW, 1933; Penshurst, NSW, 1935); metallurgist (Peakhurst, NSW, 1936-1972)

===''THYNNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Thynne|Thynne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Andrew Joseph Thynne|Thynne, Andrew Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KP3H-T8K] - 1847(Irl)-1927(Qld) - military (Qld Defence Force, 1867, eventually Lieutenant-Colonel), profession (solicitor, Qld, 1873-1882), state politician (Qld MLC, Minister for Justice and Attorney General; Qld Postmaster-General, 1894-1897)

===''TIBBETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tibbett|Tibbett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Stephen Tibbett|Tibbett, Ernest Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTQP-414] - 1915(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AEB Sydney (Waitara, 1936-1938); 2AEB Gunnedah (1947-1950); 2BCE Tamworth (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1751, 1936, NSW; BOCP 248, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: dairy hand (Canonbury Grove, NSW, 1936); radio engineer (Waitara, NSW, 1937; Gunnedah, NSW, 1943-1953; Tamworth, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''TIERNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tierney|Tierney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Vincent Edward Buckley Tierney|Tierney, Vincent Edward Buckley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLZJ-GZK] - 1905(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2AIT Sydney (Double Bay, 1937-1939, 1946-1947); 2AVT Sydney (Guildford, 1948-1950; Edgecliff, 1954; Double Bay, 1955; Edgecliff, 1956-1958); 2OX Sydney (Edgecliff, 1960-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2018, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Woolahra, NSW, 1930-1931); contractor (Edgecliff, NSW, 1935-1937); electrician (Chester Hill, NSW, 1949; Edgecliff, NSW, 1954-1968; Darling Point, NSW, 1972); retired (Kings Cross, NSW, 1977)

===''TILBROOK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clem David Lloyd Tilbrook|Tilbrook, Clem David Lloyd]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXP4-4PQ] - 1912(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5GL Adelaide (Brighton, 1933-1937; Camden, 1938-1939; Colonel Light Gardens, 1947-1965; Daw Park, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1210, 1933, SA; 2COCP 381, 1940; 1COCP 468, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Camden, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TILEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Clement Stewart Tiley|Tiley, Clement Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX94-584] - 1893(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: XCT Sydney (North Sydney, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: civil engineer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1930-1937); school master (North Sydney, NSW, 1943-1954); educational (Mosman, NSW, 1958); teacher (Mosman, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TILLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiller|Tiller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Walter Eric Roy Tiller|Tiller, Walter Eric Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K4FZ-BXV] - 1893(NSW)-1945(SA) - Licences: 6CO Receive Perth (East Guildford, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Mullewa, WA, 1916-1921); teacher (Exeter, SA, 1939-1941)

===''TILLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tillett|Tillett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Jack Tillett|Tillett, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ59-J5K] - 1908(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 717, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (South Como, WA, 1931-1937); artist (South Perth, WA, 1943-1949); departmental manager (South Perth, WA, 1958-1963)

===''TILNEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tilney|Tilney, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leslie Edward Tilney|Tilney, Leslie Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MPDS-4PK] - 1870(NSW)-1937(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 13, 1914 - early wireless experimenter (army); coastal wireless officer; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: officer-in-charge (Wireless Station, Applecross, WA, 1916-1917); soldier (Claremont, WA, 1917); commissioner (Caulfield, Vic, 1924-1931); civil servant (Malvern, Vic, 1933-1936) - TroveTag: &quot;Leslie Edward Tilney&quot; (400+ tags) - Links: [https://www.anzac-biographies.com/2021/06/05/tilney-lieutenant-colonel-leslie-edward-dso-mid-vd/ Bio]

===''TILSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Howard Tilse|Tilse, Arthur Howarde &quot;Howard&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTK5-CS8] - 1911(Qld)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4WO Brisbane (Yeronga, 1931-1939; South Brisbane, 1946-1948; Yeronga, 1954-1970) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 725, 1931, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 155, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, Army Signals, RAAF); art dealer - Electoral Rolls: radiotrician (Yeronga, 1934-1937); RAAF wireless operator (West End, Townsville, 1943); radio operator (South Brisbane, 1949); art dealer (Yeronga, 1954-1972)
===''TIMMINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Timmins|Timmins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Timmins|Timmins, Alan Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-V4G] - 19??(???)-Living - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  broadcast engineer (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA), senior federal public servant (PMGD, P&amp;TD, DoC, DoTaC, ABA) - Electoral Rolls: student (Yeronga, Qld, 1958); professional engineer (The Gap, Qld, 1968); engineer (Indooroopilly, Qld, 1972; Pinjarra Hills, Qld, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick James Timmins|Timmins, Frederick James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTWM-CC9] - 1908(Qld)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AKZ Sydney (Drummoyne, 1939); 2APY Stokers Siding (1954); 2APY Sydney (Lane Cove, 1955-1975; Gordon, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 11, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Another contemporaneous FJT b.1888, d.1957 - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Drummoyne, NSW, 1930-1934); wireless operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1937); radio operator (Drummoyne, NSW, 1949); storekeeper (Stokers Siding, NSW, 1954; Lane Cove, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Gordon, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''TINKLER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Tinkler|Tinkler, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF88-4GR] - 1915(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3ZV Melbourne (Hampton, 1937-1939; Camberwell, 1947-1948; Burwood, 1954-1980+); 3AZV Mobile Melbourne (1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2019, 1937, Vic; 3AIR 960, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1937); air force (Caulfield, Vic, 1942); manufacturer (Deepdene, Vic, 1949); engineer (Glen Iris, Vic, 1949-1968; Burwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TIPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward Charles Tipping|Tipping, Edward Charles]] - 19??(???)-1968(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (pre AOCP, AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), radio clubs (WIQ, member, 1912), federal public servant (PMGD, clerk/accountant), military (Captain, Royal Engineers)
===''TIVER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tiver|Tiver, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/R. G. Tiver|Tiver, R. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Receive Tanunda (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''TOAKLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Toakley|Toakley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Tom Trippier Toakley|Toakley, Tom Trippier]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRW7-3DC] - 1896(Eng)-1955(Tas) - Licences: 2AFO Katoomba (1936-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1837, 1936, NSW; BOCP 530, 1943 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, AIF, 5/56th Battalion, 1916-1918) - Electoral Rolls: mining engineer (Katoomba, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''TODD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Todd|Todd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Hugh Todd|Todd, Alan Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXDD-7SG] - 1919(Qld)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 4HT Brisbane (Ashgrove, 1936-1937; Newmarket, 1938-1939, 1947-1948; Red Hill, 1954-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1639, 1936, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Newmarket, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Kelvin Grove, Qld, 1954-1977) 

* [[/Charles Todd|Todd, Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LC3X-PJ6] - 1826(Eng)-1910(SA) - senior state public servant (Government Electrician, Postmaster-General SA) - Links: [[w:Charles Todd (pioneer)|Wikipedia]] [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/todd-sir-charles-4727 ADB]

* [[/Lionel Victor Glen Todd|Todd, Lionel Victor Glen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5CG-Z68] - 1896(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2CR Tamworth (1922-1935); 2LS Tamworth (1936-1938); 2LS Sydney (Denistone, 1939; West Ryde, 1957-1965; Denistone, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 132, 1925, No. ?? in NSW; 1COCP 282, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 2CR callsign withdrawn by PMG in 1935 for 2CR Orange (Blayney) ABC - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (West Tamworth, 1932-1937); assistant radio inspector (Eastwood, 1943-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2CR-2LS - Lionel Victor Glen Todd&quot;

* [[/Milton Buchanan Todd|Todd, Milton Buchanan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-NQT] - 1892(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 63, 1915; 1COCP 81, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VII Thursday Island (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: engineer operator (Thursday Island, 1916); radio telegraphist (Maroubra, 1930-1935); officer (Lewisham, 1936-1937); radio telegraphist (Townsville, 1937; Croydon, NSW, 1943; Townsville, 1949); senior radio officer (Townsville, 1954); radio officer (Kensington, NSW, 1958); retired (Blaxland, 1958)

* [[/Tom Arthur Todd|Todd, Tom Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD9C-7P5] - 1906(NSW)-1977(NSW) - Licences: 2OT Receive Sydney (Eastwood, 1923); 2TT Sydney (Eastwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 984, 1928; 2COCP 50, 1936 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Eastwood, 1930-1937); radio mechanic (Eastwood, 1943-1977)

===''TOMKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tomkins|Tomkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Sheppard Tomkins|Tomkins, Norman Sheppard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKXZ-2LR] - 1907(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2NT Sydney (Parramatta, 1934-1936; Northmead, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; COCP2 435, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: constable (Woollahra, NSW, 1930; Redfern, NSW, 1932-1933; Parramatta, NSW, 1934-1935; Northmead, NSW, 1936-1949); police sergeant (Avalon Beach, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''TONGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Edward Tonge|Tonge, Arthur Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX4S-MNM] - 1895(Eng)-1954(Qld) - Licences: 4AR Brisbane (Taringa, 1933; Indooroopilly, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1149, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 2COCP 54, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Darra, 1931; Indooroopilly, 1936-1937); mechanic (Milton, 1943-1949); process worker (Indooroopilly, 1954)

===''TONGS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lawrence Melville Tongs|Tongs, Lawrence or Laurence Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR9L-Y7N] - 1899(Tas)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 7BU Receive North Motton (1923); Receive North Motton (1923); 2ADB Finley (1937-1939); 7LT Devonport (1960-1969); 3ALV Melbourne (Parkville, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 687, 1922; 2COCP 421, 1941 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Finley, 1930-1935); radio dealer (1936-1949); farmer (Dandenong, 1954); radio technician (Devonport, 1972); retired (Parkville, 1977-1980)

===''TONKIN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Maxwell Tonkin|Tonkin, Arthur Maxwell &quot;Max&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLL6-HT9] - 1915(WA)-1998(SA) - Licences: 6MZ Katanning (1935-1939); 5MZ Adelaide (Salisbury, 1948); 5TI Clare (1975); 5MZ Clare (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1525, 1935, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Katanning, WA, 1937) 

* [[/Stanley Gordon Tonkin|Tonkin, Stanley Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1DQ-2R1] - 1910(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 2SG Albury (1929-1931); 2SG Sydney (Double Bay, 1933; Waverley, 1933-1936; Lane Cove, 1937); 2SG Goonellabah (1938-1939); 2SG Sydney (Epping, 1946-1955); 5SG Adelaide (Hampstead Gardens, 1956; Manningham, 1969; Glenunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 520, 1929, No. ?? in NSW; AOLCP 57, 1931; 2COCP 391, 1940; 1COCP 493, 1941  - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Woolwich, 1932); engineer (Edgecliff, 1933); mechanic (Waverley, 1934); radio engineer (Newtown, 1934-1935; Artarmon, 1936; Goonellabah, 1937; Eastwood, 1943); radio technician (West Epping, 1949-1954)

===''TOPPING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Albert Topping|Topping, Francis Albert &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJGB-HNS] - 1888(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XJAU Melbourne (Croxton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Wireless Signal School; 8th Squadron) - Electoral Rolls: coachmaker (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1909); motor bodymaker (Northcote, Vic, 1912-1919; Preston, Vic, 1921-1968); motor builder (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C295830 AWM]

===''TORMEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tormey|Tormey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Tormey|Tormey, Edward Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VV-85X] - 1902(NSW)-1993(ACT) - Licences: 2ET Canberra (City, 1930-1934; Ainslie, 1935-1939, 1946-1955); 1ET Canberra (Ainslie, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 687, 1930, No. ?? in ACT - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chauffeur (Braddon, 1928-1930; Ainslie, 1935); bus driver (Ainslie, 1937); car driver (Ainslie, 1943-1980)

===''TORRINGTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Torrington|Torrington, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roger Noel Torrington|Torrington, Roger Noel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5B3-HQ2] - 1917(NSW)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 2TJ Sydney (Waverley, 1935-1936; Bondi, 1937-1939); 3TJ Melbourne (West Preston, 1947; Pascoe Vale South, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1416, 1935, NSW; COCP2 185, 1938; COCP1 232, 1939; TVOCP 79, 1957 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Essendon, Vic, 1942); technician (Coburg West, Vic, 1949-1954; Pascoe Vale, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TOWNS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Towns|Towns, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Edward Towns|Towns, George Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/M754-H1R] - 1886(NSW)-1933(NSW) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 7, 1914 - ship wireless operator?; AWA employee; WW1 (Army, NZEF, 1915-1917, discharged medically unfit - TB; 8th Division Signallers, Sergeant, 1915) - Comment: wireless operator AWA, 1915 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Milsons Point, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Paddington, NSW, 1930); retired (Warringah, NSW, 1933)

===''TOWNSEND''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Townsend|Townsend, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hewitt Jack Townsend|Townsend, Hewitt Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBMN-ZZ5] - 1920(SA)-2005(SA) - Licences: 5HT Adelaide (Mile End, 1938-1939, 1947; North Glenelg, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2245, 1938, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Mile End, SA, 1943)

===''TOZER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tozer|Tozer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Paul Joseph Tozer|Tozer, Paul Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-MDM] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3PN Melbourne (North Melbourne, 1933; Elwood, 1937-1939); 3APT Melbourne (Tyabb , 1954-1955); 3AAQ Melbourne (Camberwell, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1156, 1933, Vic; COCP2 205, 1939; COCP1 370, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: draughtsman (North Melbourne, Vic, 1934-1936; St Kilda, Vic, 1937-1942); fitter (Auburn, Vic, 1949); orchardist (Tyabb, Vic, 1954); radio technician (Auburn, Vic, 1963); postmaster (Camberwell, Vic, 1967-1977)

* [[/Robert Henley Tozer|Tozer, Robert Henley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHKM-CJ2] - 1909(Vic)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 3RT Melbourne (Caulfield North, 1931-1933; Alphington, 1937-1939, 1947-1948; Mitcham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 749, 1931, Vic; BOCP 406, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield East,  Vic, 1931-1934); electrician (Alphington, Vic, 1936-1954); audiometerist (Mitcham, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''TRAEGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traeger|Traeger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Hermann Traeger|Traeger, Alfred Hermann or Herman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCNJ-LRP] - 1895(Vic)-1980(SA) - Licences: 5AX Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1926-1931; Corryton, 1933-1937; Marratville, 1938-1939); 8XT Portable Northern Territory (1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 293, 1926, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; inventor (with 5BG) of the pedal wireless for the RFDS - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Cloncurry, 1930-1932); wireless engineer (Leabrook, SA, 1939-1943) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/traeger-alfred-hermann-8839 ADB]

===''TRAILL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Traill|Traill, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rowland John Traill|Traill, Rowland John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2L3-Y4X] - 1909(NSW)-1990(NSW) - Licences: 2XQ Quirindi (1933); 2XQ Maitland West (1934); 2XQ Walgett (1935); 2XQ Catherine Hill Bay (1936); 2XQ West Maitland (1937-1939, 1946-1950); 2XQ Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1954-1965; Hamilton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1167, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Catherine Hill Bay, NSW, 1930-1943; West Maitland, NSW, 1949; Mayfield, NSW, 1954-1968); superintendent (Hamilton, NSW, 1972-1977)

===''TRAYNOR''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Philip Byron Traynor|Traynor, Philip Byron]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZLR-LCT] - 1900(SA)-1980(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 224, 1925, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 353, 1934 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: public servant (Mile End, 1939); federal public servant (Glandore, 1941); inspector (Torrens Park, 1943)

===''TREBILCOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric William Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Eric William]] - 1911(???)-1989(SA) - BERS195 (1933+), amateur listener

* [[/Richard Ernest Trebilcock|Trebilcock, Richard Ernest &quot;Ernest&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2NP-123] - 1880(Vic)-1976(Vic)95yo - Licences: 3TL Kerang (1934-1939, 1947-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1381, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, Captain, Military Cross, 1916-1919); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Leopold, Vic, 1905; Kerang, Vic, 1909-1972) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10681660 AWM]; [https://gnet.tgc.vic.edu.au/wiki/TREBILCOCK-Richard-Ernest-MC-1880-1976.ashx Geelong College]; [https://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-38/t1-g-t3.html SLV]

===''TREDREA''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frederick Aloysius Trevithick Tredrea|Tredrea, Frederick Aloysius Trevithick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MC1W-M7C] - 1900(WA)-1958(WA) - Licences: 6FT Perth (Mt Hawthorn, 1929-1931; South Perth, 1933); 6FT Northam (1937); 6FT Perth (South Perth, 1938-1939, 1946-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 512, 1929, No. ?? in WA; AOLCP 156, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (North Perth, 1925); radio operator (Northam, 1936); broadcast engineer (South Perth, 1937-1958)

===''TREGEAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregear|Tregear, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Stanley Tregear|Tregear, William Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8R-D9F] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XNH Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914); 3TR Melbourne (Hawthorn 1927); 3TX Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1931-1938); 2TS Sydney (Artarmon, 1939); 3TX Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Ashburton, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 62, 1935 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: 3TR amateur callsign withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 3TR Traralgon commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Kensington, Vic, 1917-1922; Auburn, Vic, 1924-1937); civil servant (Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Glen Iris, Vic, 1954-1963)

===''TREGURTHA''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank Clinton Tregurtha|Tregurtha, Frank Clinton or Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G527-SRR] - 1911(Qld)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2FT Sydney (Carlton, 1934; Paddington, 1935-1936; Kirribilli, 1938; Kogarah Bay, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 24, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RN &amp; RAN, Warrant Telegraphist, 1929-1949) - Electoral Rolls: Naval officer (Kogarah, NSW, 1949-1968) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C251801 AWM Autobiography]

===''TREHARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treharne|Treharne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne|Treharne, Elgar Dennis Llewellyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-X9R] - 1914(NSW)-1997(SA) - Licences: 2AFQ Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939); 3AFQ Melbourne (Ascot Vale, 1947); 5ED Adelaide (Blair Athol, 1954-1956; St Peters, 1960-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1852, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of 2BM-5QT Herbert Fredrind Treharne and brother of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1937)

* [[/Herbert Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Herbert Fredrind &quot;Fred&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2F8-6ZN] - 1883(NSW)-1968(SA) - Licences: 2BM Sydney (Burwood, 1947-1958); 5QT Adelaide (St Peters, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 140, 1947, NSW, age 60) - amateur operator - Relationships: Father of 2IQ-5IQ Ross Fredrind Treharne and 2AFQ-3AFQ-5ED Elgar Dennis Llewellyn Treharne - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Burwood, NSW, 1936-1954); retired (Burwood, NSW, 1958) - TroveTag: &quot;2BM-5QT - Herbert Fredrind Treharne&quot;

* [[/Ross Fredrind Treharne|Treharne, Ross Fredrind]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWC7-DJD] - 1919(NSW)-1982(SA) - Licences: 2IQ Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1939, 1946-1947); 5IQ Adelaide (Plympton, 1954-1955; Clearview, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1513, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Son of Fred 2BM/5QT and brother of Elgar 2AFQ/5?? - Electoral Rolls: student (Burwood, NSW, 1943)

===''TRELIVING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Benjamin Victor Treliving|Treliving, Dudley Benjamin Victor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2D7-B6C] - 1907(SA)-1993(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Dulwich, 1923); 6DT Perth (Nedlands, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 992, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Cottesloe, WA, 1936-1937); engineer (Cottesloe, WA, 1943)

===''TRELOAR''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Treloar|Treloar, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Treloar|Treloar, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMJ-379] - 1906(WA)-1983(WA) - Licences: 6JT Perth (Beaconsfield, 1931-1933; Melville, 1937; Beaconsfield, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 790, 1931, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Fremantle, WA, 1931-1943); tally clerk (Bicton, WA, 1949-1980)

* [[/William Herbert Ross Treloar|Treloar, William Herbert Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-GHC] - 1922(Vic)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 3ABC Melbourne (Heidelberg, 1947-1956); 2BPZ Sydney (Woollahra, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2421, 1939, Vic; COCP1 433, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio officer (The Righi, Vic, 1949-1954); flight service officer (Dover Heights, NSW, 1963); communications officer (Woollahra, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''TRESIDDER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Laurence Tresidder|Tresidder, William Laurence or Lawrence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8PT-SQ7] - 1904(WA)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3WT Bendigo (1924-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Bendigo, 1927-1942); radio (Kangaroo Flat, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Bendigo, 1963-1980)

===''TREW''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trew|Trew, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Stanley Trew|Trew, Richard Stanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCB6-GW4] - 1902(WA)-1968(WA) - Licences: 6RS Harvey (1933-1937); 6RS Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1938-1939); 6RP Perth (Mt Hawthorne, 1947-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1189, 1933, WA; 2COCP 382, 1940; 1COCP 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: assistant postal department (York, WA, 1925); postal assistant (York, WA, 1926); postal employee (Harvey, WA, 1931-1937); postal clerk (Leederville, WA, 1937-1943); PMG (Mt Hawthorn, WA, 1949); radio monitor (Joondanna Heights, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TREZISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trezise|Trezise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Trezise|Trezise, James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQXX-38H] - 1902(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2AMX Broken Hill (1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2337, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Broken Hill, NSW, 1930-1968)

===''TRICKETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trickett|Trickett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Francis Trickett|Trickett, William James Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG84-784] - 1898(Qld)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 242 Sydney (Auburn, 1920) (recorded as DJ Trickett, likely typo); 2BT Receive Sydney (Arncliffe, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 (Army, 15th Reinfs, 2nd Signal Troop, 1916; transferred Wireless Anzac Signal Sqdn 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930-1937; Manly, NSW, 1943); no occupation (North Sydney, NSW, 1949); traveller (Manly, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (North Sydney, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''TRIM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trim|Trim, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sydney Trim|Trim, Sydney (Electoral Rolls) or Sidney (BDM)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KL7D-NLM] - 1880(Vic)-1960(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 179; 2COCP 178, 1930; 1COCP 105, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Subiaco, WA, 1913; West Perth, WA, 1913-1914); &quot;radio station&quot; (Wyndham, WA, 1914-1917); farmer (Mosman, NSW, 1936-1937); engineer (Applecross, WA, 1937-1958)

===''TRIPP''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tripp|Tripp, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles John Tripp|Tripp, Charles John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG7N-LLD] - 1881(NSW)-1953(NSW) - Licences: XEZ Sydney (Campbelltown, 1913-1914); 2UC Receive Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923); 1492 Sydney (Campbelltown, 1923)  - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic &amp; blacksmith (Campbelltown, NSW, 1930); garage proprietor (Campbelltown, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''TROTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Clement Ford Trott|Trott, Clement Ford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCGY-XPN] - 1907(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CS McLaren Vale (1928-1929); 5CF McLaren Vale (1930-1931); 5CF Willunga (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 454, 1928, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (McLaren Flat, SA, 1939-1943)

===''TROY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Troy|Troy, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Thomas Rusel Troy|Troy, Thomas Rusel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZKG-MKH] - 1898(NSW)-1992(NSW) - Licences: 2SH Receive West Maitland (1923); 2SH West Maitland (1924-1925); 2TY West Maitland (1926-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 208, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postman (West Maitland, NSW, 1930-1949); postal officer (Maitland, NSW, 1954); postal clerk (Maitland, NSW, 1958)

===''TRUDGEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Maxwell Wallis Trudgen|Trudgen, Maxwell Wallis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GS3H-XYH] - 1907(SA)-1992(SA) - Licences: 5MW Adelaide (East Adelaide, 1926); 5HS Adelaide (Fullarton, 1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 247, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, 1939-1941); mechanical engineer (Sydney, 1943-1954); engineer (Little Bay, 1958-1968)
===''TRUMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Truman|Truman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Raymond Paul Truman|Truman, Raymond Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG1V-P74] - 1914(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2KA Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1931-1934); 2NV Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1935-1937; Killara, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 723, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: eg 2KA amateur callsign likely withdrawn by the PMGD for allocation to the new 2KA Katoomba commercial service - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Killara, NSW, 1937); accountant (Lindfield, NSW, 1943-1958; Killara, NSW, 1963); chartered accountant (Northbridge, NSW, 1968); accountant (Castle Cove, NSW, 1972-1977; Bayview, NSW, 1980)

===''TRUMBLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trumble|Trumble, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Hugh Compson Trumble|Trumble, Hugh Compson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7F-JXP] - 1894(Vic)-1962(Vic) - Licences: XMQ Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: medical student (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1916-1927); physician (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1928); medical practitioner (South Yarra, Vic, 1931); not stated (Middle Brighton, Vic, 1937-1954) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/trumble-hugh-compson-11884 ADB]

===''TRUNFULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trunfull|Trunfull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Richard Leonard Trunfull|Trunfull, Richard Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBL-K7B] - 1906(Eng)-1957(WA) - Licences: 6RT South Greenough (1932-1933); 6RT Peel Estate (1937); 6RT Roebourne (1938-1939); 6RT Dangin (1947-1948); 6RT Nungarin (1954); 6RT Narembeen (1955-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 924, 1932, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (South Greenough, WA, 1931; Baldavis, WA, 1936; Dangin, WA, 1943-1949; Nungarin, WA, 1954; Narembeen, WA, 1958)

===''TRYTHALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Trythall|Trythall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Munckton Trythall|Trythall, Geoffrey Munckton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB5J-X88] - 1915(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3DA Melbourne (Melbourne City, 1947; Caulfield, 1948; East Ivanhoe, 1954-1965; Brighton, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2148, 1938, Vic; COCP3 5000, 1964 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954-1968; Brighton, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''TUMBRIDGE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Henry Tumbridge|Tumbridge, Stanley Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MM12-M1C] - 1899(Eng)-1965(Qld) - Licences: 4ST Ipswich (1932-1933); 4ST Stanthorpe (1937-1939); 4ST Broadwater, 1947-1948; 4ST Brisbane (Woody Point, 1954-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 986, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Woodend, Qld, 1921); teacher (Murgon, Qld, 1925); school teacher (Stanthorpe, Qld, 1936-1937; Broadwater, Qld, 1943-1949); teacher (Margate, Qld, 1949-1954; Woody Point, Qld, 1958-1963)

===''TUNNY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tunny|Tunny, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Terence Gilbert Tunny|Tunny, Terence Gilbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7VF-NWH] - 1900(Qld)-1952(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1499, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: night officer (Bundaberg, Qld, 1925-1937); acting station master (Laidley, Qld, 1941-1949)

===''TURNBULL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Norman Edward Turnbull|Turnbull, Norman Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TP-7K8] - 1900(WA)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 6NO Narrogin (1928); 6NO Perth (City, 1930; Subiaco, 1931; Shenton Park, 1937-1939); 3AXX Melbourne (Armadale, 1954; Carrum, 1955; Parkdale, 1956; Cheltenham, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 430, 1928, No. ?? in WA; CPRT 1120, 1928; 1COCP 185, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Bunbury, 1922; Busselton, 1925; Narrogin, 1925; Subiaco, 1931); radio inspector (Subiaco, 1934-1936); civil servant (East Perth, 1937); engineer (Armadale, 1954); clerk (Sandringham, 1958); manager (Sandringham, 1963-1968; Cheltenham, 1972); retired (Cheltenham, 1977-1980)

* [[/Robert William Turnbull|Turnbull, Robert William or Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ1S-GP4]  - 1892(Eng)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2RO Sydney (Burwood, 1927-1938; Northbridge, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 317, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bricklayer (Homebush, NSW, 1930-1963)

===''TURNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Turner|Turner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Arthur Reginald Turner|Turner, Edward Arthur Reginald &quot;Rex&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZT9-JD5] - 1910(SA)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5CW Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923); Receive Adelaide (St Peters, 1923-1925); 5SA Adelaide (Leabrook, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 272, 1926, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: butter maker (Gawler, 1939-1943)

* [[/George Alfred Turner|Turner, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBSV-XZ9] - 1913(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3GN Maryborough (1937-1939); 3GN Ararat (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1998, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Maryborough, Vic, 1937); cinematograph operator (Ararat, Vic, 1943-1967); cinema operator (Ararat, Vic, 1972-1980) 

* [[/Haswell Elliott Alfred Turner|Turner, Haswell Elliott Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRQG-8TG] - 1891(Vic)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2TM Sydney (Mosman, 1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 127, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer, military - Comment: likely related to XACW E. Turner, Jnr

* [[/Leonard James Turner|Turner or Wolfe, Leonard James or Leslie Adolphus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTW2-TGX] - 1898(Tas)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AJB Port Macquarie (1939, 1946-1947); 2AJB Muswellbrook (1948); 2AJB Coffs Harbour (1950); 2LR Kyogle (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2407, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Kyogle, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Ralph Robinson Turner|Turner, Ralph Robinson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2D-S51] - 1912(SA)-1996(SA) - Licences: 5TR Adelaide (Henley Beach, 1935-1937; Dulwich, 1938-1939; Linden Park, 1947-1969; Echunga, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1444, 1935, SA; BOCP 66, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Dulwich, SA, 1939-1941)

* [[/Robert John Blackwell Turner|Turner, Robert John Blackwell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L62T-FP7] - 1884(NSW)-1943(NSW) - Licences: 2RT Goulburn (1925-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 55, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

===''TUSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tuson|Tuson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harry Tuson|Tuson, Harry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5SR-BQG] - 1895(Eng)-1978(???) - Licences: XAEG North Coast (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 65, 1915 (Marconi, Telefunken) - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, applied 1915); started Coffs Harbour Scouts 1909 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (1915, application to enlist WW1); technician (Maroubra, NSW, 1930); operator (Maroubra, NSW, 1931-1936); technician (Willoughby, NSW, 1943-1949; Wahroonga, NSW, 1954-1958); retired (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1963; Woy Woy, NSW, 1968-1972; Eastwood, NSW, 1977) - Links: [https://www.otva.com/newsltrarch/79APR.PDF OTVA Obit]

===''TUTTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Kerr Tutton|Tutton, John Kerr]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN8L-7X8] - 1914(Vic)-2003(Vic) - Licences: 3ZC Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1932-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 956, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hawthorn, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''TWEEDLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/P. Tweedle|Tweedle, P.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DM Receive Brisbane (Albion, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''TWYCROSS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Twycross|Twycross, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/James Kemp Twycross|Twycross, James Kemp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNDM-1WN] - 1892(Vic)-1959(WA) - Licences: XMJ Melbourne (Abbotsford, 1913-1914); 9AW Rabaul, NG (1937-1939); 6JT Boya (1954-1956) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 198, 1916; 2COCP 187, 1930; 1COCP 187, 1931 - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1913; Abbotsford, Vic, 1914; Kew, Vic, 1914-1919); 1920s &amp; 1930s New Guinea; public servant (Boya, WA, 1954-1958)

===''TYAS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Norman Robert Wilson Tyas|Tyas, Norman Robert Wilson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHC-SK6] - 1913(Qld)-1975(Qld) - Licences: 4TY Gracemere (1932-1934); 4TY Kingaroy (1935-1939); 4TY Brisbane (Manly, 1946-1948); 4TY Boonah (1954); 4TY Wallangarra (1955-1956); 4TY Warwick (1960); Brisbane (Manly, 1965-1975+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1059, 1932, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ); military (WW2, RAAF, wireless officer); state public servant (state school principal) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Kingaroy, Qld, 1936-1943; Brookstead, Qld, 1949; Mt Alford, Qld, 1954); teacher (Wallangarra, Qld, 1958); school teacher (Warwick, Qld, 1963; Manly, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''TYMMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tymms|Tymms, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert William Tymms|Tymms, Robert William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSX-R2D] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 84, 1930 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS); WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Roebourne, 1916-1917); wireless operator (Geraldton, 1922; Como, 1925); not stated (Broome, 1937); wireless telegraphist (Townsville, 1954)

===''TYRER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Tyrer|Tyrer, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/F. Y. Tyrer|Tyrer, F. Y.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XGY Sydney (Toongabbie, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

=='''U'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''UMBACK''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ricky Charles Umback|Umback, Ricky Charles]] - early wireless historian (Ph.D. Thesis, 2016, &quot;Constituting Australia's International Wireless Service: 1901-1922&quot;) [https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/142647/1/Umback%20Thesis%202018.pdf]
===''UNDERWOOD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Henry Underwood|Underwood, William Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX6T-1XZ] - 1875(Eng)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4DN Receive Brisbane (Clayfield, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Newstead, Qld, 1913-1915; Clayfield, Qld, 1916-1943); no occupation (Albion, Qld, 1943; Highgate Hill, Qld, 1949)

===''UNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Unger|Unger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Herbert Unger|Unger, Alan Herbert]] - Living - Licences: 2YRS Alectown (1980+) - Qualifications: BOCP; AOLCP - amateur operator - Relationships: Son of 2UJ Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Herbert Wilhelm Carl Unger|Unger, Herbert Wilhelm Carl or Herbert William Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GH3K-BNB] - 1910(Vic)-2012(NSW, 101yo) - Licences: 2UJ Alectown (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1108, 1933, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father of 2YRS Alan Herbert Unger - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Alectown, NSW, 1932-1980)

===''UNWIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John James Unwin|Unwin, John James &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4V-SKZ] - 1908(Eng)-1988(WA) - Licences: 6CB Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Maylands, WA, 1931); radio mechanic (Maylands, WA, 1937); engineer (North Perth, WA, 1943-1954); assistant manager (Floreat Park, WA, 1958-1963); manager (Hopetoun, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Albany, WA, 1977-1980)

===''URQUHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. M. Urquhart|Urquhart, C. M.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XJAB Melbourne (Albert Park, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
* [[/Malcolm Stewart Urquhart|Urquhart, Malcolm Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZXT-5C3] - 1905(WA)-1967(WA) - Licences: 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1925-1939); 6MU Merredin (1946-1960); 6MU Perth (Cottesloe, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 116, 1925, No. ?? in WA; BOCP 27, 1936; AOLCP 158, 1934; 2COCP 85, 1937; 1COCP 126, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; clerk (1931); broadcast technician (6MD, 1958); WW2 (1939-1945) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Cottesloe, WA, 1931-1937); broadcast technician (Merredin, WA, 1943-1963)

===''UTHER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Gordon Arthvael Uther|Uther, Gordon Arthvael]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3CH-34J] - 1885(NSW)-1915(Turkey) - Licences: XIK Sydney (CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;XIK - Gordon Arthvael Uther&quot; - Links: [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/uther-gordon-arthvael-14573 Obit]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11035570 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

=='''V'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''VALE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vale|Vale, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay Harold Vale|Vale, Lindsay Harold &quot;Tubby&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRLQ-858] - 1916(Vic)-1977(SA) - Licences: 3MK Mildura (1937-1938); 2AER Wentworth (1937); 2ANN Tathra (1946); 2ANN (North Bega, 1947); 2ANN Yowie Bay (1950); 2MR Sydney (Miranda, 1948); 5NO Adelaide (Elizabeth, 1960); 5NO Gawler East (1965-1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1247, 1934, Vic; BOCP 54, 1936; AOCP1 41, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Bondi, NSW, 1943); electrician (North Bega, NSW, 1949); engineer (Miranda, NSW, 1954; Eldo Tracking Station, Gove, NT, 1968)

===''VALENTINE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Valentine|Valentine, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lionel Keith Valentine|Valentine, Lionel Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1Z-ZVK] - 1916(Tas)-1961(Tas) - Licences: 7KV Hobart (Bellerive, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1148, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bellerive, Tas, 1937; Acton, ACT, 1949); public servant (Hobart West, Tas, 1958)

===''VAN COUTH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Robert Josephus Van Cooth|Van Cooth, John Robert Josephus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8GN-6ZP] - 1908(Vic)-1936(Vic) - Licences: 3DX Receive Melbourne (East Malvern, 1922); 3DX Melbourne (East Malvern, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (St Kilda West, 1931)

===''VARDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vardon|Vardon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Joseph Edwin Vardon|Vardon, Joseph Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LV9V-VPR] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: Receive Adelaide (Unley, 1923-1924); 5OM Adelaide (Unley Park, 1927-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 329, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales manager (Malvern, 1941-1943)

===''VARNES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Varnes|Varnes, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Hollier Varnes|Varnes, Harold Hollier &quot;Hal&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L25S-L4Y] - 1911(Eng)-2006(Qld) - Licences: 2LW Sydney (Crows Nest, 1931-1933); 2ABB Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2ABB Newcastle (1938); 4GW West Bundaberg (1954-1960); 4HY Toowoomba (1975); 4HY Brisbane (Everton Park, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 210, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Naremburn, NSW, 1933; Northbridge, NSW, 1934-1937); radio operator (West Kempsey, NSW, 1943-1949); communication officer (Cooktown, Qld, 1949; Bundaberg, Qld, 1958-1969); public servant (Toowoomba, Qld, 1972; Everton Park, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''VAUGHAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vaughan|Vaughan, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edward Vaughan|Vaughan (also known as Hearps, change of name), David Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYD2-HG5] - 1901(Vic)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2FY Sydney (Lakemba, 1930-1975); 2ADY Sydney (Lakemba, 1937) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 665, 1930, NSW (Hearps); AOCP 1003, 1932, NSW (Vaughan) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Lakemba, NSW, 1930-1937); machinist (Lakemba, NSW, 1943-1972)

===''VEALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Reginald Pax Veall|Veall, Reginald Pax]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZL8-GR6] - 1918(Vic)-1942(NT) - Licences: 3PV Melbourne (St Kilda, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2050, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 274, 1939; 1COCP 375, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Merchant Navy, Wireless Officer, MV Neptuna) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet found - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/47368 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10034385 AWM]; [http://www.ntlexhibit.nt.gov.au/exhibits/show/bod/roh/veall NTL Exhibition] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''VEARS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Elwyn Thomas Vears|Vears, Elwyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHS1-C67] - 1901(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2BM Leura (1922-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Strathfield, 1930-1937; Burwood, 1943-1958)

===''VERNON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vernon|Vernon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Henry Vernon|Vernon, Charles Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88V-18Z] - 1901(WA)-1964(WA) - Licences: 6KZ Albany (1930-1931); 6KZ Perth (Fremantle, 1933-1939); 3AMD Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1947); 6KZ Perth (Guildford, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 566, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: soldier (RAGA Forts, Albany, 1922-1931; Fremantle, 1936-1937; 9AAD, Guildford, 1949-1954); retired (Wagin, 1958; Morley, 1963)

===''VESPER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vesper|Vesper, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Peter Vesper|Vesper, John Peter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPPW-HSP] - 1913(NSW)-1967(NSW) - Licences: 2PV Sydney (Mosman, 1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1230, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: pharmacist (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1963)

===''VICKARY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Mervyn Vickary|Vickary, Reginald Mervyn &quot;Reg&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-CLP] - 1909(NSW)-1973(Qld) - Licences: 4RV Cunnamulla (1930-1933); 4RV Warwick (1936-1939); 4VX Brisbane (Gordon Park, 1965; The Grange, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 702, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: shed hand (Cunnamulla, 1931); radio dealer (Warwick, 1937; Cunnamulla, 1943); shopkeeper (Toowoomba, 1949; Ekibin, 1954; Chermside, 1963; Grange, 1968-1972)
===''VICKERY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Kenneth James Vickery|Vickery, Kenneth James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDQP-WMQ] - 1893(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2RA Receive Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1923); 2RA Sydney (Hurlstone Park, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Hurlstone Park, 1930-1933); electrician (West Ryde, 1935; Parkes, 1936; Uralla, 1943); farmer (North Richmond, 1949-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;2RA - Kenneth James Vickery&quot;

===''VINCENT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Jack Vincent|Vincent, Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ64-7S8] - 1906(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 6DL Receive Kalgoorlie (1923-1924); 6VK Kalgoorlie (1925-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 59, 1925, No. ?? in WA - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: fitter &amp; turner (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1931-1937); manufacturer (South Perth, WA, 1949-1963; Como, WA, 1972-1980)

===''VINING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vining|Vining, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Edward Vining|Vining, William Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZR1-NLT] - 1906(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: 4WE Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 277, 1926, No. 22 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: carrier (Nundah, 1928-1931); motor driver (Mitchelton, 1934; Gaythorne, 1936); mechanic (Gayndah, 1943); telephone mechanic (Enoggera, 1949-1963); telephone technician (Enoggera, 1968-1977)

===''VINNING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vinning|Vinning, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Alfred Vinning|Vinning, Howard Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVF-SHD] - 1919(Vic)-1981(ACT) - Licences: 3VG Sale (1938-1939, 1947-1954); 9VG Lae, PNG (1960); 1VG Canberra (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2131, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: technician (Sale, Vic, 1949-1954)

===''VIPAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alton Frederick Vipan|Vipan, Alton Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLCF-MTG] - 1890(NSW)-1946(NSW) - Licences: XHV Sydney (Petersham, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil Yet Identified - ship wireless operator; early wireless experimenter; AWA (Koo-we-rup, 1922); merchant marine (WW1) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Rose Bay, NSW, 1930-1933; Bronte, NSW, 1934; Rose Bay, NSW, 1935); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1935-1943) - TroveTag: &quot;XHV - Alton Frederick Vipan&quot;

===''VOIGT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Emil Robert Voigt|Voigt, Emil Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-VV2] - 1883(Eng)-1973(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - 2KY Sydney, broadcast station manager; witness to Royal Commission 1927 (as chairman, NSW Labor wireless committee) - Relationships: father of Rion Osborne Voigt; grandfather of Robin Voigt - Electoral Rolls: secretary (Dee Why, 1930-1934); manager (Dee Why, 1935; Narrabeen, 1936)  - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/voigt-emil-robert-8930 ADB]; [[w:Emil_Voigt_(athlete)|Wikipedia]]; [https://www.radioheritage.com/story70/ RHF]
* [[/Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt|Voigt, Rion Osborne Clifford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88K-L1V] - 1915(Eng)-1987(NSW) - Licences: Nil identified as yet - Qualifications: Nil identified as yet - broadcast industry executive, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: radio announcer (Narrabeen, 1937; Turramurra, 1963-1980) - Relationships: son of Emil Robert Voigt; father of Robin Voigt
* [[/Robin Voigt|Voigt, Robin]] - historian (Emil Robert Voigt; 2KY) - Relationships: grandson of Emil Robert Voigt; son of Rion Osborne Clifford Voigt
===''VOLKERTS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Arthur Ernest Volkerts|Volkerts, Arthur Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZYC-H1H] - 1896(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: XAEF Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1930); electrical contractor (Leichhardt, NSW, 1933-1937); electrician (Leichhardt, NSW, 1949) - TroveTag: &quot;XAEF - Arthur Ernest Volkerts&quot;

===''VOLKMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Henry Oxford Volkman|Volkman, Reginald Henry Oxford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G4CV-7PH] - 1902(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: 2RY Grafton (1924-1925); 2RY Scone (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Woollahra, 1930-1933)

===''VOWLES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Vowles|Vowles, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Rupert Taylor Vowles|Vowles, Rupert Taylor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKYT-FLF] - 1894(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIZ Sydney (Burwood, 1913-1914); 2AW Receive Sydney (Burwood, 1922-1923); 2XZ Sydney (Concord, 1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 562, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Concord, 1930-1972)

===''VOYSEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Voysey|Voysey, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Jack Voysey|Voysey, Albert Jack]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFNX-XPC] - 1916(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XW Sydney (Ashfield, 1932-1938; Bankstown, 1939; Kingsgrove, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 942, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Ashfield, NSW, 1937); radio engineer (Ashfield, NSW, 1943; Kingsgrove, NSW, 1954-1972); engineer (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1977-1980)

=='''W'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''WACKEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wackel|Wackel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Francis Wackel|Wackel, John Francis]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 585, 1930, No. ?? in ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Surname likely misspelled - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WADDELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddell|Waddell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ivon Edward Waddell|Waddell, Ivon Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G88S-H3S] - 1909(WA)-1943(Thailand/Singapore) - Licences: 6WX Albany (1929-1930); 6WX Katanning (1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 561, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army) - Electoral Rolls: postal clerk (Katanning, 1936; South Perth, 1937) - Links: [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P10298089 AWM] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WADDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waddle|Waddle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Esmond Matthew Waddle|Waddle, Esmond Matthew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPNR-JLR] - 1905(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 2UU Nimbin (1932-1939); 4GZ Charters Towers (1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 899, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Greenslopes, Qld, 1928-1934; Nimbin, NSW, 1934-1937); pharmacist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1943-1949); pharmaceutical chemist (Charters Towers, Qld, 1954-1969)

===''WADDY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Richard William Mackie Waddy|Waddy, Richard William Mackie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB62-5RP] - 1848(SA)-1933(SA) - senior state public servant (SA Post &amp; Telegraphs Dept), senior federal public servant (Deputy Postmaster-General SA)
===''WADHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadham|Wadham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kevin Wadham|Wadham, Kevin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZC-SBQ] - 1905(SA)-1970(SA) - Licences: 5KW Adelaide (Parkside, 1924-1927; Helmsdale, 1928; Da Costa Park, 1931; Glenelg, 1933; Adelaide, 1937; Glenelg, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 23, 1924, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WIA SA (Councillor 1931; Hon. Treasurer, 1931); National Radio Corp (manager, 1938); Holdfast Bay Yacht Club (Vice-commodore, 1949) - Electoral Rolls: manager (Helmsdale, SA, 1939-1941; Da Costa Park, SA, 1943)

===''WADSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wadsley|Wadsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Wadsley|Wadsley, Cyril]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2F4-X3J] - 1916(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3YI Melbourne (Middle Park, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2324, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: foreman (Albert Park, Vic, 1949-1980)

===''WAHL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alan Fripp Wahl|Wahl, Alan Fripp]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFMB-TD4] - 1918(WA)-2003(WA) - Licences: 6JB Perth (Leederville, 1938-1939, 1947-1960; Dianella, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2101, 1938, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Leederville, WA, 1943-1958); clerk (Dianella, WA, 1963-1980)
===''WAIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Harris Wain|Wain, Alexander Harris]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6Z-W8G] - 1891(Vic)-1922(Vic) - Licences: XPG Melbourne (South Yarra, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1913-1916; Brighton, Vic, 1917; Caulfield East, Vic, 1919; Wonthaggi, Vic, 1919); stationmaster (Tynong, Vic, 1921); clerk (Toorak, Vic, 1922)

===''WALCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walch|Walch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Crosby Walch|Walch, Alan Crosby or Crosby Alan or Crosby Allan (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQC7-GSS] - 1907(NSW)-1979(Tas) - Licences: 7BI Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923); Receive Hobart (Bellerive, 1923-1925); 7CW Hobart (Bellerive, 1926-1927; Battery Point, 1931-1933; City, 1937; Sandy Bay, 1938-1939, 1946-1975) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 231, 1926, Tas; BOCP 1, 1936; 1AOCP 16, 1946 - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: radio expert (Hobart South, 1936-1954)

===''WALDOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waldock|Waldock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Alexander Waldock|Waldock, George Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5RY-7SD] - 1915(NSW)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 2QU Lithgow (1935-1939); 2QU Sydney (Cremorne, 1946); 2QU Lithgow (1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1423, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mine wheeler (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937); fitter (Cremorne, NSW, 1943); radio mechanic (Lithgow, NSW, 1949); electrical fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1954-1968); fitter (Lithgow, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WALDRON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Francis Gerard Waldron|Waldron, Francis Gerard &quot;Frank&quot;]] - broadcast planning engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WALES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Howard James Wales|Wales, Howard James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5G9-VDK] - 1885(Vic)-1937(Vic) - Licences: XOA Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (merchant Marine) - Electoral Rolls: painter &amp; decorator (Elsternwick, Vic, 1908); collector (Elsternwick, Vic, 1909-1919); purser (Elsternwick, Vic, 1922-1931); collector (Caulfield, Vic, 1934-1937)

===''WALKER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walker|Walker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Charles Walker|Walker, Arthur Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFY-L2V] - 1898(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Brisbane (Sandgate, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 699, 1922 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: newspaper carrier (Kangaroo Point, Qld, 1934-1937); carrier (Sandgate, Qld, 1943-1972)

* [[/Charles Welsh Walker|Walker, Charles Welsh &quot;Chas&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXFR-19W] - 1899(NSW)-1961(Qld) - Licences: 4CU Receive Clifton (1923); 4CU Clifton (1924-1960); 4DQ Portable Clifton (1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 10, 1924, No. 2 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; motor mechanic; Walker's Radio Service (proprietor, 1930s-1950s) - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Clifton, Qld, 1921-1958)

* [[/Frank Wellesley Walker|Walker, Frank Wellesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1M5-FN5] - 1917(Vic)-2008(Vic)90yo - Licences: 3AEV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1938-1939, 1947-1948); 3EV Melbourne (Camberwell, 1947-1948; Cheltenham, 1954-1955; Nunawading, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2170, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Camberwell, Vic, 1943); student (Camberwell, Vic, 1949); clerk (Sandringham, Vic, 1954; Nunawading, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/John Charles Walker|Walker, John Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTZQ-W8Y] - 1919(Tas)-2006(Tas) - Licences: 7XR Deloraine (1938-1939, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2248, 1938, Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: hairdresser (Deloraine, Tas, 1949; Devonport, Tas, 1954)

* [[/Louis Edward Walker|Walker, Louis Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSWB-L81] - 1864(Eng)-1934(At Sea) - Oversight of the 1906 Bass Strait link for Marconi Wireless Telegraphy Co

* [[/Philip Billingsley Walker|Walker, Phillip Billingsley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MNF3-P9W] - 1840(Eng)-1900(NSW) - early wireless experimenter, employment (NSW Posts &amp; Telegraphs, Superintendent of Telegraphs, Chief Electrician) - Links: [[w:Philip Billingsley Walker|Wikipedia]]

* [[/Robert Rowan Walker|Walker, Robert Rowan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GKT4-FLG] - 1914(Vic)-1994(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF); author &quot;The Magic Spark, 50 Years of Radio in Australia&quot; - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Coburg, Vic, 1937); advertising (Warrandyte, Vic, 1954); company director (Richmond, Vic, 1963-1968); director (Richmond, Vic, 1972-1980) - Links: [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/2119721 NLA Bio Cuttings]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/catalog/1214534 NLA Book Catalogue]; [https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/History/The-Magic-Spark-1973-Walker.pdf WRH Magic Spark Scan]

* [[/Ronald Gregory Walker|Walker, Ronald Gregory &quot;Gregory&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRP-GC6] - 1907(NSW)-1929(At Sea) - Licences: 7BT Receive Hobart (City, 1923); Receive Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; journalist (Hobart &quot;Mercury&quot;); film maker - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: journalist (Hobart South, 1928) - Links: [http://www.seafarersmemorial.org.au/memorials/walker_g.php Seafarer's Memorial]

* [[/William Spencer Walker|Walker, William Spencer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCF4-R77] - 1911(SA)-2004(SA) - Licences: 5WW Adelaide (Alberton, 1934-1939; West Croydon, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1305, 1934, SA; BOCP 444, 1942; TVOCP 274, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Alberton, SA, 1939); mechanic (West Croydon, SA, 1941-1943)

===''WALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wall|Wall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John William Burgess Wall|Wall, John William Burgess]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBM8-6FB] - 1899(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3QS Melbourne (Northcote, 1937-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2036, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Northcote, Vic, 1925-1980)

* [[/Joseph Hart Wall|Wall, Joseph Hart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-GH6] - 1904(South Africa)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 2JC Macksville (1934-1936); 2JC Narrabri (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1406, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: dental student (San Souci, NSW, 1930-1931); dental practitioner (Macksville, NSW, 1933-1936); dentist (Narrabri, NSW, 1943-1958); grazier (Narrabri, NSW, 1963); retired (Narrabri, NSW, 1968)

===''WALLACE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wallace|Wallace, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/C. W. Wallace|Wallace, C. W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CP Receive Perth (West Leederville, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* Wallace nee Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot; - See Geisel, Elizabeth Aileen &quot;Betty&quot;

* Wallace, Florence Violet  (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

* [[/John Gordon Wallace|Wallace, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CH-ZHY] - 1921(Vic)-2012(Vic)91yo - Licences: 3VV Bendigo (White Hills, 1947-1965; Kennington, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2331, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (White Hills, Vic, 1949; Bendigo, Vic, 1954); assistant (Bendigo, Vic, 1967); technician (Kennington, Vic, 1972); teacher (Crrke, Vic, 1980)

* [[/John Walter Wallace|Wallace, John Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MMJ5-KC9] - 1881(NSW)-1957(NSW) - Licences: 2LG Goulburn (1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Balmain, NSW, 1913); mechanic (Goulburn, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/Ronald Ian Gordon Wallace|Wallace, Ronald Ian Gordon]] - 1910(???)-1944(NSW) - Licences: 2IW Robertson (1934-1936); 2IW Sydney (Hunters Hill, 1937); 2IW Robertson (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wallace-sir-robert-strachan-8962 ADB]

* [[/W. H. Wallace|Wallace, W. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CS Receive Mundaring Weir (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WALLBRIDGE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alwyn Leonard Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Alwyn Leonard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHR-K7V] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2UI Newcastle (Mayfield East, 1935-1939; Tighes Hill, 1946-1947; Nelson's Bay, 1948-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1561, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Mayfield, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF (Caulfield West, Vic, 1942); fisherman (Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1949-1958; Fingal Bay, NSW, 1963-1977; Nelson's Bay, NSW, 1980)
* [[/Leslie Walter Wallbridge|Wallbridge, Leslie Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDMT-HKZ] - 1910(Eng)-1966(SA) - Licences: 5UX Adelaide (Lower Mitcham, 1930-1937); 5UX Peterborough (1938-1939); 5UX Kadina (1947-1948); 5UX Cook (1954-1955); 5UX Saddleworth (1956); 5UX Hawker (1960); 8UX Alice Springs (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 712, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Peterborough, SA, 1939-1941; Rendelsham, SA, 1943; Alice Springs, NT, 1963)

===''WALLIS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Charles Wallis|Wallis, John Charles]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JW Longford (1932-1939, 1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 893, 1932, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Burnie, 1928; Longford, 1936-1937)
* Wallace, Florence Violet (adoptive name) - see Granville, Florence Violet (birth name)

===''WALSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walsh|Walsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Dunbar Walsh|Walsh, Harold Dunbar &quot;Cordite&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3W3-CT7] - 1903(Qld)-1951(Qld) - Licences: 4HW Brisbane (Hamilton, 1925-1931; Rocklea, 1946-1947)); 4WN Brisbane (Hamilton, 1927, dealer) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 133, 1925, No 14 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF); solicitor; pilot - Comment: Tragic end to a productive life - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Hamilton, 1925-1937); airline pilot (Moorooka, 1949)

* [[/John Dallas Walsh|Walsh, John Dallas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF4Y-B6X] - 1902(NSW)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6AT Receive Tutunup via Busselton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW2 (RAAF) - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Gooseberry Hill, WA, 1925; Ross Brook via Busselton, WA, 1925; South Cunderin, WA, 1931; Caron, WA, 1936-1937; Helena Valley, WA, 1943; Kellerberrin, WA, 1954); headmaster (Margaret River, WA, 1954); school teacher (Nannup, WA, 1958); teacher (Brunswick Junction, WA, 1963; Engadine, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''WALTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walter|Walter, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ernest Trevor Walter|Walter, Ernest Trevor]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRNZ-88T] - 1919(NSW)-1980(SA) - Licences: 2AEE Sydney (Burwood, 1937-1939, 1946-1954); 5EE Adelaide (Prospect, 1955-1956; Hampstead Gardens, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1898, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Burwood, NSW, 1943); technical officer (Burwood, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WALTERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walters|Walters, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Allan Walters|Walters, Charles Allan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CT-LBY] - 1910(Vic)-1947(Vic) - Licences: 3CW Melbourne (Thornbury, 1929-1933; Heidelburg, 1937-1939; Brunswick, 1946-1947) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 524, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Northcote, 1931-1936; Heidelberg, 1937; Brunswick, 1942)

* [[/Gerald Wills Walters|Walters, Gerald (Wills or Willis or blank)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX7Y-1HZ] - 1886(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 108, 1915; 2COCP 157, 1930; 1COCP 129, 1930 - RANRS (Warrant Telegraphist, 1917); WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless telegraphist (Currie, King Island, Tas, 1919; Darwin, NT, 1922); radio telegraphist (New Town, Tas, 1928); wireless officer (Radio Station, Thursday Island, Qld, 1936-1937); wireless (Gladesville, NSW, 1943); wireless telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1949-1954)

* [[/Joseph Albert Walters|Walters, Joseph Albert]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ALW Inverell - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2275, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls:

* [[/Laurence Gordon Walters|Walters, Laurence Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGBL-DBC] - 1923(Eng)-2011(Vic) - Licences: 2ALW Sydney (North Bondi, 1947-1950); 2ALW Cowra (1950); 3CN Melbourne (Moorabbin, 1956-1965; Hawthorn, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 137, 1947, NSW - amateur operator - Relationships: Likely relation of 2ALW Joseph Albert Walters - Electoral Rolls: student (Bondi North, NSW, 1949); chemist (Moorabbin, Vic, 1963); fuel technician (Hawthorn, Vic, 1963); fuel technologist (Hawthorn, Vic, 1967-1980)

===''WALZ''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Walz|Walz, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Edwyn Walz|Walz, Arthur Edwyn or Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GM9T-LB3] - 1908(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4AW Brisbane (Nundah, 1926-1939; Wavell Heights, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 287, 1926, No. 26 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; plumber; radio repair business - Relationships: son of Conrad August Walz - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Nundah, 1934-1943); radio engineer (Wavell Heights, 1949-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;4AW - Arthur Edwyn Walz&quot;

* [[/Conrad August Walz|Walz, Conrad August]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRGZ-QF3] - 1882(Qld)-1951(Qld) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ???, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), plumber, farmer, father of 4AW Arthur Edwyn Walz

===''WARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Ward|Ward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold David Ward|Ward, Harold David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYP9-ZM9] - 1918(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3HD Melbourne (Mordialloc, 1936-1939, 1947-1948; Clayton, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1646, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Mentone, Vic, 1942-1949); radio (Sandringham, Vic, 1954); radio trade (Clayton, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Joyce Alice Ward|Millen nee Ward, Joyce Alice]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KLQZ-JNW] - 1918(NSW)-2008(NSW) - Licences: 2MI Sydney (Wollstonecraft, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2595, 1948, NSW - YL amateur operator - Relationships: Wife of 3EA-2DU-2LQ Dudley Robert Millen - Electoral Rolls: stenographer (Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1943-1977); retired (Hornsby, NSW, 1980)

===''WARDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Herbert Arthur Warden|Warden, Herbert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXMR-SQT] - 1886(Qld)-1948(NSW) - Licences: XGQ Narrabri (1913-1914); 2BG Receive Mungindi (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Coogee, NSW, 1930); teacher (Lindfield, NSW, 1930; Radwick North, NSW, 1931-1933; Woollahra, 1935-1937); schoolteacher (Chatswood, NSW, 1943)

===''WARDLE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardle|Wardle, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney William Lumley Wardle|Wardle, Sidney William Lumley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8XQ-QFL] - 1911(Eng)-2006(NSW) - Licences: 2OU Woodford Leigh (1930-1935); 2OU Armidale (1936-1937); 2OU Sydney (Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939); 5OU Adelaide (Lockleys, 1946-1954); 2DID Berridale (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 610, 1930, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farm hand (Woodford Leigh, 1934-1935); technician (Bondi North, 1937; Woollahra, 1943); retired (Berridale, 1980)

===''WARDLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wardley|Wardley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Keith Wardley|Wardley, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DL-SKV] - 1916(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (St Kilda, 1947-1975; Elsternwick, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2270, 1939, Vic; BOCP 1158, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: nil (St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1972); technician (Glen Waverley, Vic, 1977; Elsternwick, Vic, 1980)

===''WARING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cecil Clarke Waring|Waring, Cecil Clarke]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQW4-V9F] - 1904(Vic)-1988(Vic) - Licences: 3CU Receive Melbourne (Canterbury, 1922-1924); 3YW Melbourne (Camberwell, 1929-1931; Canterbury, 1933; Kew, 1937); 3YW Rupanyup (1938-1939); 3YW Stawell (1946-1948); 3YW Warrnambool (1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 549, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Canterbury, 1925-1928; Kew, 1931-1937; Stawell, 1942-1949; Warrnambool, 1954-1977)

===''WARNE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warne|Warne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Maurice Leslie George Warne|Warne, Maurice Leslie George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYSP-LHY] - 1909(NSW)-1975(NSW) - Licences: 2MW Sydney (Croydon, 1926-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 300, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Campsie, 1931-1934); radio mechanic (Campsie, 1936-1937); radio sales (Kogarah, 1943-1963); radio &amp; TV technician (Arncliffe, 1968)

===''WARNER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warner|Warner, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Geoffrey Albert Warner|Warner, Geoffrey Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V1-6NR] - 1914(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2CK Wyong (1930-1937); 2FB Wyong (1938-1939); 3ABW Fiskville (1947); 9GW Port Moresby (1948-1954); 2AVW Bringelly (1955-1958); 2CK Bringelly (1960-1969); 6EG Bassendean (1975); 2HJ Camden (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 710, 1930, NSW; 1COCP 60, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless technician (Rockbank, Vic, 1942); technician (OTC Bringelly, 1958-1963); manager (Bassendean, 1977; Camden South, 1980) - callsign may have been withdrawn for 2CK Cessnock commercial (later restored)

===''WARNOCK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warnock|Warnock, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Neil Bernard Warnock|Warnock, Neil Bernard]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJ8-58G] - 1944(Vic)-2019(Vic) - broadcast operations engineer (PMGD, ABCB, P&amp;TD, DoC)

===''WARREN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Warren|Warren, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Cortlandt Warren|Warren, John Cortlandt]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LVKY-KJS] - 1913(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2QX Sydney (Punchbowl, 1933-1937; Lakemba, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1220, 1933, NSW; COCP1 577, 1942; TVOCP 473, 1962 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1937); sheet metal worker (Lakemba, NSW, 1943); PMG technician (Lugarno, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Theodore Frederick Warren|Warren, Theodore Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5WL-7Q2] - 1914(NSW)-1987(Qld) - Licences: 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1933-1934); 2LY Griffith (1935); 2LY Sydney (Lakemba, 1936); 9LO Port Moresby (1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1169, 1933, NSW; AOCP2 220, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Lakemba, NSW, 1937); mechanic (PMGD, Chatswood, NSW, 1943); retired (Cooktown, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WATERHOUSE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/A. G. Waterhouse|Waterhouse, A. G.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XVV Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WATERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George James Waters|Waters, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8X9-S46] - 1902(Vic)-1931(Vic) - Licences: 3EX Receive Melbourne (Heathcote, 1922); 3XA Melbourne (East Prahran, 1930-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 608, 1930, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil identified as yet - Comment: Passed too soon

* [[/James Alfred Waters|Waters, James Alfred]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 7JA Hobart (Sandy Bay, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1685, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Queensborough, 1936); teacher (Ringarooma, 1937); schoolteacher (Queensborough, 1943-1954)

* [[/Leslie Waters|Waters, Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G85N-TZB] - 1882(Eng)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4AC Innisfail (1923-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; engineer (Randell Engineering) - Electoral Rolls: watchmaker (Innisfail, 1919-1943); radio dealer (Innisfail, 1949) - Trovetag: &quot;4AC - Leslie Waters&quot;

* [[/Maurice Hamilton Harwood Waters|Waters, Maurice Hamilton Harwood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNSS-D6W] - 1918(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3MS Melbourne (Essendon, 1937-1939; Hawthorn, 1947-1948; Camberwell, 1954-1956; North Balwyn, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2033, 1937, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Essendon, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Camberwell, Vic, 1949-1954); manager (Canterbury, Vic, 1967-1968; Balwyn North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WATERWORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Lindsay Carmel Waterworth|Waterworth, Lindsay Carmel &quot;Joe&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6YY-6M6] - 1892(Qld)-1969(Qld) - Licences: 4CL Rockhampton (1935-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1526, 1935, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2; federal public servant (PMGD, telegraphist) - Electoral Rolls: assistant (Charleville, Qld, 1921); telegraphist (Rockhampton, Qld, 1928-1968)

===''WATKINS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Andrew Paul Watkins|Watkins, Andrew Paul]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQ9-RHP] - 1914(WA)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 6AW Perth (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1805, 1936, WA; BOCP 269, 1939; 1COCP 842, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Boulder, WA, 1937); radio mechanic (Geraldton, WA, 1943); radio technician (Cairns, Qld, 1949; Lakemba, NSW, 1954; Chullora, NSW, 1958-1963)
* [[/William Trevor Watkins|Watkins, William Trevor &quot;Trevor&quot;, &quot;Watty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZKG-J4V] - 1899(Tas)-1931(Tas) - Licences: T336 Hobart (1920-1921); 7AA Hobart (1922-1925); 7DX Hobart (1925-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 107, 1925, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Withdrawal: PMGD withdrew 7AA callsign for their own use, electrician (Zinc Co., Hobart, 1922), wireless expert (Medhurst &amp; Sons, Hobart, 1925) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (West Hobart, 1922-1928) - Comment: passed too soon

===''WATSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watson|Watson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. A. Watson|Watson, A. A.]] - bef1910(???)-aft1930(???) - Licences: 2UT Sydney (Darlinghurst, 1927-1929) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 341, 1927, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: None as yet 

* [[/Albert Watson|Watson, Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8L-VGM] - 1897(WA)-1966(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 887, 1925 (Spark) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Fremantle, WA, 1921-1922; Victoria Park, WA, 1925-1926; South Perth, WA, 1928-1958)

* [[/Douglas Mervyn Watson|Watson, Douglas Mervyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G6MG-FPY] - 1920(Tas)-1989(Tas) - Licences: 7DW Hobart (New Town, 1937-1939; City, 1946-1956; Lindisfarne, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1867, 1937, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Hobart South, 1949-1954); mechanic (Lindisfarne, 1972)

* [[/Eric Watson|Watson, Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5GC-9SL] - 1913(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2EP Sydney (Burwood, 1935-1938); 2EP Cessnock (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1564, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Cronulla, NSW, 1943)

* [[/Herbert Leopold Watson|Watson, Herbert Leopold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZP-JLK] - 1897(Vic)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2OL Kiama (1929-1933); 2OL Unanderra (1935-1938); 2OL Woollongong (1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 545, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, Field Artillery, 1916-1919; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Kiama, 1930); electrical engineer (Unanderra, 1934-1937; Heidelberg, Vic, 1949); electrician (Ivanhoe, Vic, 1954); retired (Avalon Beach, 1968-1972; Mona Vale, 1977; Mosman, 1980) 

* [[/James David Watson|Watson, James David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F5-789] - 1910(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3NQ Darlington via Camperdown (1930-1939); 2ANQ Albury (1946-1957) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 633, 1930, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Comment: Beware another JDW, labourer, Geelong, 1930s - Electoral Rolls: electrical fitter (Darlington, 1931-1943); radio technician (Albury, 1949-1954) 

* [[/John Watson|Watson, John]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6CR Receive Perth (Victoria Park, 1923-1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil, as yet, specific individual not yet identified

* [[/Lindsay Gordon Watson|Watson, Lindsay Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNZJ-8RB] - 1915(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3EI Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3ALV Melbourne (Caulfield, 1954-1956; Altona, 1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2065, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Caulfield, Vic, 1937-1942); optometrist (Caulfield, Vic, 1949-1954; Gladysdale, Vic, 1963; Altona, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Paul Robert Watson|Watson, Paul Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNBB-X7P] - 1906(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3PY Warracknabeal (1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1022, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: carpenter (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1931); radio mechanic (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1936-1937); company director (Warracknabeal, Vic, 1942); public servant (Maryborough, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Samuel Wilfred Watson|Watson, Samuel Wilfred or Wilfred Samuel]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXY5-LXP] - 1906(Eng)-1998(WA) - Licences: 6WW Perth (West Perth, 1930-1939, 1948-1969); 6WW Shoalwater Bay (1975); 6WW Cardup (1980) - Qualifications: cc; 1COCP 189, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (West Perth, WA, 1931-1972); retired (Shoalwater Bay, WA, 1977; Cardup, WA, 1980)

* [[/Thomas William Watson|Watson, Thomas William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BZ-1Q7] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2TL Lithgow (1935-1937) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Individual not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: miner (Lithgow, NSW, 1930); radio dealer (Lithgow, NSW, 1934-1937); radio engineer (Bowral, NSW, 1943-1958)

* [[/William Watson|Watson, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP84-3DP] - 1902(NSW)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 2KE Kurri Kurri (1931-1937); 2KE Stanford Merthyr (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 864, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Kurri Kurri, NSW, 1930-1935; Stanford Merthyr, NSW, 1937)

* [[/William Wesley Watson|Watson, William Wesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRZH-LJJ] - 1918(NSW)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 2YY Sydney (Annandale, 1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1716, 1936, NSW; COCP2 153, 1938; COCP1 255, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (South Perth, WA, 1943); radio telegraphist (Hobart South, Tas, 1949); radio officer (Moonah, Tas, 1954-1963; Rockhampton, Qld, 1968-1972)

===''WATT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Watt|Watt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alexander Watt|Watt, Alexander]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDRK-4B7] - 1901(Sct)-1985(Tas) - Licences: 7BO Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923); Receive Prince of Wales Bay (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Prince of Wales Bay, 1922-1928); accountant (New Town, 1936-1949; Moonah, 1954)

* [[/Arthur William Watt|Watt, Arthur William]] -  19??(???)-19??(???) - 4?? Brisbane, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in NSW), amateur broadcaster, journalist (Wireless Weekly)

* [[/Charles Russell Watt|Watt or Russell-Watt, Charles Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZV7-JFH] - 1904(Eng)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2WT Tenterfield (1925-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 184, 1925, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tenterfield, NSW, 1930-1980) - Trovetag: &quot;2WT - Charles Russell Watt&quot;

* [[/John Gordon Watt|Watt, John Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZZH-PM8] - 1888(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: XAEA Sydney (Croydon, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW2 (AIF, 7th Reinforcements, 18th Battalion, 1915-1919) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Croydon, NSW, 1913); sales manager (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1949)

===''WATTERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. Watterson|Watterson, W.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BZ Receive Perth (Maylands, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WAUCHOPE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wauchope|Wauchope, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Wylie Wauchope|Wauchope, Ronald Wylie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH6X-QJR] - 1914(SA)-1933(SA)19yo - Licences: 5WE Adelaide (Maylands, 1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1086, 1933, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Passed too soon, 19yo - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WAUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Waugh|Waugh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay William Francis Waugh|Waugh, Lindsay William Francis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G55F-VGR] - 1896(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2BO Sydney (Undercliffe, 1935); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1936; Waitara, 1937; Burwood, 1938-1939; Birchgrove, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1486, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 5th Regiment, 1915, medically discharged) - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Chatswood, NSW, 1930-1935); no occupation (Undercliffe, NSW, 1937); retired (Balmain, NSW, 1949); no occupation (Balmain, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Way|Way, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/H. Way|Way, H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XADD Sydney (City CBD, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Victor James Way|Way, Victor James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYR7-LNV] - 1893(Vic)-1927(Vic) - Licences: XOL Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Comment: Passed too soon - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Brunswick, Vic, 1916; Warrnambool, Vic, 1917-1918; Brunswick, Vic, 1919; Brighton, Vic, 1921-1927)

===''WEATHERLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harry William Elsdon Weatherley|Weatherley, Harry William Elsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTBF-1HC] - 1921(Vic)-2006(Vic) - prominent MW and SW broadcast DXer (1940-1990), clubs (Australian Radio DX Club, New Zealand Radio DX League, New Zealand DX Radio Association, Southern Cross DX Club, DX Australia - Chief Editor, Ontario DX Club), ANARC DXer of the year - metallurgist (Auburn, 1949-1954); technician (Mount Waverley, 1963-1972); retired (Mount Waverley, 1980)
* [[/Herb J. Weatherley|Weatherley, Herb J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 4HW Clifton (-1951+), amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), callsign formerly Harold Dunbar Walsh
===''WEATHERSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/W. A. Weatherson|Weatherson, W. A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Identification: Not yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified
===''WEATHERSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Stewart Weatherston|Weatherston, William Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8LZ-2KF] - 1905(WA)-1942(Sing) - Licences: 3AB Melbourne (East St Kilda, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, 1927); salesman (St Kilda, 1931; Forrest, ACT, 1935; Newtown, 1943!) - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

===''WEBB''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webb|Webb, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Kenneth Webb|Webb, Eric Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC8-ZK5] - 1921(Vic)-2020(Vic)98yo - Licences: 3EX Melbourne (Mitcham, 1937-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1858, 1937, Vic; BOCP 279, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Mitcham, Vic, 1949); physicist (Mitcham, Vic, 1954-1963; Malvern, Vic, 1967; Glen Iris, Vic, 1968-1980)

* [[/Mostyn Thomas Webb|Webb, Mostyn Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5DH-ZWB] - 1917(NSW)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2DP Sydney (Newtown, 1934-1935; Hurlstone Park, 1936-1939; Petersham, 1946-1950; Annandale, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1404, 1934, NSW; AIR3 934, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Hurlstone Park, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Petersham, NSW, 1949); radio engineer (Annandale, NSW, 1954-1980)

===''WEBBER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Palmer Webber|Webber, Harold Palmer]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LHGK-9T1] - 1906(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3PW Melbourne (Eltham, 1931-1937; Alphington, 1938-1939; Fairfield, 1947; Alphington, 1948; Caulfield, 1955-1969; Beaumaris, 1975-1980); 3DA Melbourne (Alphington, 1937); 3PV Portable St Kilda (1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 812, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: motor mechanic (Eltham, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Alphington, Vic, 1942-1954; St Kilda, Vic, 1954; Caulfield, Vic, 1963-1972); retired (Beaumaris, Vic, 1977-1980)

===''WEBSTER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Webster|Webster, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Frank James Webster|Webster, Frank James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF73-5KV] - 1908(Eng)-19??(WA) - Licences: 6FW Perth (Victoria Park, 1932-1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1039, 1932, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Victoria Park, WA, 1931-1943); plasterer (Perth, WA, 1954-1963; Victoria Park, WA, 1968-1972); retired (Fremantle, WA, 1977-1980)

* [[/Harold Charles Webster|Webster, Harold Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KCRM-31P] - 1876(Tas)-1923(Tas) - Licences: Receive (Crystal Hobart (City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Launceston, 1914); clerk (Hobart North, 1922)

* [[/Walter Webster|Webster, Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5BW-FKF] - 1912(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Gladesville, 1935-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1417, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Gladesville, NSW, 1933-1935); public servant (Gladesville, NSW, 1936-1968)

* [[/William Webster|Webster, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJD-D94] - 1860(Eng)-1936(NSW) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1915-1920), played prominent part in the Postal Royal Commission

===''WEDDELL''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Austin Weddell|Weddell, James Austin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXK9-SYF] - 1914(SA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5ZL Adelaide (Reade Park, 1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1595, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Col Light Gardens, SA, 1939-1943); RAAF (Albert Park, Vic, 1949; Auburn, Vic, 1954); RAAF officer (Richmond, NSW, 1958); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1963); not stated (Red Hill, ACT, 1968-1972); RAAF (Red Hill, ACT, 1977-1980)
* [[/John Arthur Weddell|Weddell, John Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXKM-KVK] - 1926(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4FT Brisbane (Zillmere, 1954-1960); 2ZM Glenbrook (1961); 4FT Brisbane (Sandgate North, 1965-1969); 2BFT Sydney (Clovelly, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 3172, 1951, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Annerley, Qld, 1949; Zillmere, Qld, 1954-1958; Sandgate, Qld, 1963-1968); technician (Marrickville, NSW,  1972; Clovelly, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WEDGEWOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wedgewood|Wedgewood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Donald Wedgewood|Wedgewood, William Donald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDLV-GM8] - 1901(Qld)-1974(NSW) - Licences: N741 Receive NSW - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 692, 1922; 2COCP 49, 1935 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: boarder (Sutton Coalfield, Eng, 1911); manufacturer (Glenmore, 1930-1936); aviator (Nedlands, WA, 1937); farmer (Moruya, 1949-1954); greenkeeper (Brisbane, 1958); public servant (Hornsby, 1963-1972)

===''WEEDEN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weeden|Weeden, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ross Weeden|Weeden, Ross]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYFG-CL8] - 1914(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2PN Tumut (1931-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 840, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Tumut, NSW, 1936-1977)

===''WEEKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/H. L. Weeks|Weeks, H. L.]] - 19??-19?? - Licences: 4CJ Receive Currumbin (1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: - Identification: Not yet identified

===''WEISS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weiss|Weiss, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Wilfred George Weiss|Weiss, Wilfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8V9-7NP] - 1912(NSW)-1982(NSW) - Licences: 2TV Sydney (Croydon Park, 1960-1961; Strathfield, 1965); 2TV Ettalong Beach (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 670, 1930, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grocer (Lithgow, 1934-1937); storekeeper (Lithgow, 1943); silk screen craftsman (Croydon Park, 1949-1958); retired (Strathfield, 1963-1968; Ettalong Beach, 1972; Ettalong, 1977)

===''WELCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welch|Welch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles William Welch|Welch, Charles William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRDN-9GY] - 1914(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ACW Sydney (Stanmore, 1936-1937; Hurstville, 1939); 3ACW Melbourne (Avenel, 1947-1948); 3ACW Mangalore (1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1665, 1936, NSW; COCP1 410, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal assistant (Annandale, NSW, 1936-1937; Hurstville, NSW, 1937); aeradio operator (Tennant Creek, NT, 1943); aeradio officer (Avenel, Vic, 1949-1954); communications officer (Herne Bay, NSW, 1958; Padstow, NSW, 1963)

* [[/Frank Welch|Welch, Frank]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPQN-PL7] - 1893(Eng)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Manly, 1927-1929; North Sydney, 1930) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 359, 1918 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: garage proprietor (North Sydney, NSW, 1930-1931); electrical engineer (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); retired (Manly, NSW, 1972; Miranda, NSW, 1977)

* [[/John Welch|Welch, John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJPS-NPH] - 1873(???)-1961(Vic) - Licences: XJCW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1913-1914); 3JS Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1922) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: insurance agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1913-1931); agent (Murrumbeena, Vic, 1936-1954)

===''WELDON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weldon|Weldon, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;


* [[/Neville Edwin Weldon|Weldon, Neville Edwin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G2HS-SZ6] - 1910(NSW)-1935(NG) - Licences: 2EW Sydney (Mosman, 1931); 9NW Kokopo (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 793, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weller|Weller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Arthur Martin Weller|Weller, Cyril Arthur Martin &quot;Sam&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-WXH] - 1903(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4CZ Brisbane (Clayfield, 1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2160, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; Radio Club (WIAQ, Brisbane DX Club); power station engineer; education (ME, UQ) - Electoral Rolls: student (Windsor, 1925); engineer (Wilston, 1925-1928; Camp Hill, 1934-1943; Clayfield, 1949-1972; Albion, 1977)

===''WELLING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Thomas Welling|Welling, Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LLHB-KQZ] - 1898(Eng)-1960(SA) - Licences: 5TW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1937); 5TW Mt Gambier (1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 179, 1930; 1COCP 81, 1936 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wireless engineer (Mt Gambier, SA, 1939-1941); wireless technician (Mt Gambier, SA, 1943)

===''WELLINGTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Keith Wellington|Wellington, Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MWJ5-M1V] - 1915(Vic)-1968(NZ) - Licences: 3KO Melbourne (Malvern (1933) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1127, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified (emigrated to NZ 1937)
* [[/Stanley Hudson Wellington|Wellington, Stanley Hudson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB84-47Y] - 1909(Tas)-1981(NSW) - Licences: 7PK Hobart (New Town, 1932-1933); 3SX Melbourne (Brighton, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1002, 1932, No. ?? in Tas; AOLCP 117, 1933 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: representative (Caulfield, 1936); chemist (Brighton, Vic, 1937-1942); manager (Mosman, 1949-1980)

===''WELLMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wellman|Wellman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. Wellman|Wellman, A.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XNQ Melbourne (Kensington, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leo Joseph Wellman|Wellman, Leo Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1SW-R9S] - 1898(NSW)-1965(NSW) - Licences: 2PS Receive Sydney (Marrickville, 1923); 2LW Sydney (Marrickville, 1925-1928) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 117, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 34th Battalion, 1917-1919) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Wellington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Marrickville, NSW, 1931-1937); technician (North Cronulla, NSW, 1943-1949; Engadine, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Nelson Bay, NSW, 1963)

===''WELLS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan Augustus Wells|Wells, Allen (birth) or Allan Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGHV-WVJ] - 1908(NSW)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2AIB Wagga Wagga (1937-1938); 2AIB Corowa (1939, 1946-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2002, 1937, NSW; BOCP 329, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; army (citizen's military forces, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1937; Corowa, NSW, 1943-1963)
* [[/Athol John Wells|Wells, Athol John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GSTB-XS9] - 1911(NSW)-1969(NSW) - Licences: 2FI Girral (1932-1936); 2FI Sydney (Waverley, 1937; Bellevue Hill, 1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1013, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Girral, NSW, 1933-1935); constable (Waverley, NSW, 1936-1937); RAAF wireless operator (Townsville, Qld, 1941-1943); clerk (Bondi Junction, NSW, 1949); grocer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1954); salesman (Bardwell Park, NSW, 1958-1968); retired (Ballina, NSW, 1977-1980)
* [[/George Leonard Douglas Wells|Wells, George Leonard Douglas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNC7-GQC] - 1906(Eng)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3TW Hamilton (1936-1939, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1782, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hamilton, Vic, 1928-1931); manager (Hamilton, Vic, 1935-1980)
* [[/Harold Rowland Wells|Wells, Harold Rowland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJJM-1DM] - 1903(Eng)-1938(WA) - first chief announcer for 6WF Perth; then 6AM Northam; journalist - Comment: Passed too soon (age 35y) - Electoral Rolls: broadcast announcer (Maddington, WA, 1925); journalist (Maddington, WA, 1931); director (Subiaco, WA, 1937) - TroveTag: &quot;Harold Rowland Wells&quot;
* [[/Joseph Edward Wells|Wells, Joseph Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2C3-5YM] - 1909(NSW)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 2AME Sydney (Arncliffe, 1939; Bardwell Park, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2252, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2nd AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: student (Petersham, NSW, 1930); teacher (Annandale, NSW, 1931-1935; Bexley, NSW, 1937; Bardwell Park, NSW, 1943-1977)

===''WELSH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welsh|Welsh, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claud William Welsh|Welsh, Claude or Claud  William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZPH-WS4] - 1914(Qld)-1988(Qld) - Licences: 4CW Warwick (1937-1939); 4DK Mackay (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1982, 1937, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Warwick, Qld, 1937-1943); engineer (Kew, Vic, 1943); radio technician (Warwick, Qld, 1958; Mackay, Qld, 1958); technician (Mackay, Qld, 1963); radio technician (Mackay, Qld, 1968-1980)

===''WELZEL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Welzel|Welzel, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Kurt Paul Corlette Welzel|Welzel, Kurt Paul Corlette]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G54Z-Q5P] - 1915(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2FK Sydney (Clovelly, 1933-1938); 2ACF Sydney (Northbridge, 1937); 2GQ Sydney (Blacktown, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1130, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio mechanic (Randwick North, NSW, 1937-1949); technician (Punchbowl, NSW, 1949-1954); carpenter (Blacktown, NSW, 1963-1980)

===''WERE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Waltham Were|Were, Robert Waltham]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KNWY-QQP] - 1907(Vic)-1983(Vic) - Licences: 3TZ Receive Melbourne (South Melbourne, 1923); 3DP Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1181, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Preston, Vic, 1931-1934; Brunswick West, Vic, 1936-1980)

===''WERNER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Allan John Werner|Werner, Allan John or Alan John (electoral rolls)]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFC9-YX5] - 1907(WA)-1970(WA) - Licences: 6CV Receive Perth (Mt Lawley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Karnup, WA, 1931-1937); fitter (Kwinana Beach, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968)

===''WERRETT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Errol Limbrick Werrett|Werrett, Errol Limbrick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8SK-FMH] - 1908(Tas)-1974(Eng) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Hampshire (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: farm worker (Hampshire, 1936-1937); fitter (South Melbourne, 1943); engineer (Caulfield, 1949-1968; Balaclava, 1972)
===''WEST''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert West|West, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Lindsay John Payne West|West, Lindsay John Payne]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LDQM-MSP] - 1895(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2EI Parkes (1935-1939, 1946-1954); 2EI Sydney (Chatswood, 1955-1961; Manly, 1965); 2EI Duranbah (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1475, 1935, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (AIF, 12th Light Horse, 1917-1919) - Relationships: Brother-in-law of 2BN Reginald Francis Joseph Flood - Electoral Rolls: shopkeeper (Paddington, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Parkes, NSW, 1930); radio &amp; musician (Parkes, NSW, 1931-1932); radio dealer (Parkes, NSW, 1936-1943); farmer (Parkes, NSW, 1949-1954); radio mechanic (Chatswood, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Manly, NSW, 1968; Parkes, NSW, 1972; Newport Beach, NSW, 1977; Duranbah, NSW, 1980)

===''WESTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Weston|Weston, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cyril Frederick Shorter Weston|Weston, Cyril Frederick Shorter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZVJ-FXY] - 1905(Eng)-1988(NSW) - Licences: 4EN Receive Clermont (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: telephone mechanic (Kedron, 1928); Christian worker (Darlinghurst, 1934); grocer (Oatley, 1943); agriculturalist (Ourimbah, 1949); salesman (Paekhurst, 1963-1980); retired (Charmhaven, 1980)

* [[/G. J. Weston|Weston, G. J.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2GJ Albury (1929) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Possibly George James Weston following, but no connection yet identified - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/George James Weston|Weston, George James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXQ3-Y8Q] - 1868(Eng)-1939(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 702, 1922 - RANRS (Radio Lieutenant) - Comment: Several contemporaneous GJWs - Electoral Rolls: telegraph operator (Albany, 1903); civil servant (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1910-1912); civil servant (Wireless Station, Carlingford, NSW, 1913); sailor (Toorak, 1919); naval officer (Elsternwick, 1919); civil servant (Auburn, Vic, 1922); wireless engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1924-1927); retired engineer (Upwey, 1931-1937)

* [[/Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston|Weston, Robert Marcus Hamilton &quot;Mark&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-KW6] - 1915(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 4XO Bundaberg (1938-1939); 2WE Sydney (Lidcombe, 1946-1947); 2AWE Sydney (Kingsford, 1955; Kensington, 1956-1957); 2AYK Sydney (Kensington, 1957; Kingsford, 1958-1961); 2CM Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2076, 1938, Qld; 2COCP 386, 1940; 1COCP 581, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; ship wireless officer; wireless officer (QANTAS) - Relationships: husband of 2MR Verle Lorraine Weston nee Key(s) - Electoral Rolls: marine wireless operator (Auchenflower, Qld, 1943); radio operator (Blakehurst, NSW, 1949; Kingsford, NSW, 1954-1963; Sans Souci, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Selwyn Henry Weston|Weston, Selwyn Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYMT-N5R] - 1912(NSW)-2002(NSW) - Licences: 2AJH Sydney (Epping, 1938-1939); 2SY Sydney (Kingsgrove, 1946-1958; Roseville, 1960-1965; Castlecrag, 1969; Killara, 1975; Pymble, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2077, 1938, NSW; COCP3 4518, 1963 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: bank officer (Epping, NSW, 1936-1937); wireless operator (Parkes, NSW, 1943); bank clerk (Kingsgrove, NSW, 1949-1958); company director (Roseville, NSW, 1963; Castlecrag, NSW, 1968); retired (Killara, NSW, 1977); company director (Pymble, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Verle Lorraine Keys|Weston nee Key(s), Verle Lorraine]] - 1934(???)-1985(NSW) - 2MR Sydney (Dolls Point, 1964-1980), YL amateur operator (AOCP ???, 1964, No. ?? in Qld), wife of Robert Marcus Hamilton Weston 2CM

* [[/William Wood Weston|Weston or Wehrstedt, William Wood]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDPG-KBQ] - 1912(WA)-1953(WA) - Licences: 6MW Perth (Nedlands, 1935-1939; North Beach, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1465, 1935, WA; BOCP 596, 1944 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Further clarification of identification required - Electoral Rolls: assistant operator (Subiaco, WA, 1936-1937); operator (Leederville, WA, 1943-1954; North Perth, WA, 1958-1968; Leederville, WA, 1972-1977)

===''WEYNTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Alexander Gordon Weynton|Weynton, Alexander Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-35K] - 1905(NSW)-1966(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Valve) Lindfield; 3XU Castlemaine (1933-1939, 1947); 3XU Wangaratta (1954); 3XU Melbourne (West Brunswick, 1955; Bonbeach, 1956-1965) - Qualifications: cc;  AOCP 1214, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Mosman, NSW, 1930-1933; St Kilda West, Vic, 1936); company secretary (Castlemaine, Vic, 1937-1949; Wangaratta, Vic, 1954); auditor (Carrum, Vic, 1963)

===''WHALLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Rupert Percy Whalley|Whalley, Rupert Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZGZ-CV3] - 1894(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3JZ Receive Melbourne (Sandringham, 1922); 3JZ Melbourne (Sandringham, 1923-1927); 3JZ Myrtleford (1937-1939); 3JZ Wangaratta (1946-1948); 3JZ Melbourne (Blackburn, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 238, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: builder (Sandringham, 1919-1925); farmer (Myrtleford, 1927-1942); tobacco grower (Wangaratta, 1949); foreman (Blackburn, 1954-1968) - Relationships: father of 3ZWZ Robert Kelvin Whalley

===''WHEELER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheeler|Wheeler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Adrian Ronald Wheeler|Wheeler, Adrian Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KD-MRC] - 1915(NSW)-2004(NSW) - Licences: 2VL Sydney (Epping, 1934); 2VR Sydney (Epping, 1937; North Strathfield, 1938-1939); 2VR Broken Hill (1946-1950); 2VR Bathurst (1954-1958); 2VR Sydney (Castlecrag, 1960-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1256, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Concord, NSW, 1937; Rockdale, NSW, 1943; Broken Hill, NSW, 1949; Bathurst, NSW, 1954-1958; Chatswood, NSW, 1958; Castlecrag, NSW, 1963-1977)

* [[/Harry Winslow Wheeler|Wheeler, Harry Winslow]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GCBC-BYC] - 1910(SA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 5FB Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1927-1928); 5HW Adelaide (Eden Hills, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: AOCP 371, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, RAAF, DFC) - Electoral Rolls: chemist (Eden Hills, SA, 1939-1943); lecturer (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1954-1968) 

* [[/Victor George Wheeler|Wheeler, Victor George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GW4Z-FGL] - 1897(Eng)-1976(NZ) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - RANRS; coastal wireless operator; WW1; VIZ Roebourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: electric mechanic (Roebourne, 1917-1922); manager (Fremantle, 1925)

===''WHELLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wheller|Wheller, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Eric Charles Wheller|Wheller, Eric Charles]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN84-K4D] - 1904(Vic)-1969(Vic) - Licences: 3EW Melbourne (Dandenong, 1934-1937; Camberwell, 1938-1939; Moonee Ponds, 1947-1948; Ascot Vale, 1954-1955; Keilor East, 1956-1960; Niddrie, 1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1261, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Nathalia, Vic, 1926); independent means (Dandenong, Vic, 1931); munition worker (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); clerk (South Yarra, Vic, 1949; Ascot Vale, Vic, 1954; Niddrie, Vic, 1963-1968)

===''WHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whire|Whire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/J. L. Whire|Whire, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2JU Broken Hill (1928) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WHITAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITTAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitaker|Whitaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Thomas Whitaker|Whitaker, Albert Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKKW-5DB] - 1895(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2OI Receive Sydney (Banksia, 1923); 2OI Sydney (Banksia, 1923-1925) - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Rockdale, 1930; Banksia, 1933-1934); builder (Banksia, 1937-1949); instructor (Mount Colah, 1954-1958)

===''WHITBURN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Douglas Roy Whitburn|Whitburn, Douglas Roy &quot;Doug&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZT2-3JX] - 1904(SA)-1958(SA) - Licences: 5BY Adelaide (Toorak, 1927-1931; Fullarton, 1933-1939; Rosefield, 1946-1947; Fullarton, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 312, 1927, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Rosefield, 1943)
* [[/Robert Philip Whitburn|Whitburn, Robert Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZBF-5XB] - 1896(NSW)-1991(NSW)94yo - Licences: XACJ Sydney (Leichhardt, 1913-1914); 2DK Receive Sydney (Leichhardt, 1922); 2DK Sydney (Leichhardt, 1923-1926) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: chairmaker (Leichhardt, 1930-1968); retired (West Ryde, 1972-1980) - TroveTag: &quot;XACJ-2DK - Robert Philip Whitburn&quot;

===''WHITE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert White|White, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alfred Matthews White|White, Alfred Matthews]] - 1894(Eng)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4CX Receive Winton (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil identified as yet - amateur receiver; WW1 - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Tranby, Winton, 1915-1958); retired (Buderim, Qld, 1963-1980)

* [[/Alfred Raymond White|White, Alfred Raymond &quot;Knocker&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GT2K-2FF] - 1912(Vic)-2005(Qld) - Licences: 3AH Stawell (1932-1933); 3AH Mulcra via Murrayville (1937-1939); 3ARW Hamilton (1947); 4RP Brisbane (Coopers Plains, 1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1018, 1932, Vic; BOCP 61, 1936; COCP2 121, 1937; COCP1 1571, 1950 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Manya via Ouyen, Vic, 1935-1937); radio technician (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1949); public servant (Coopers Plains, Qld, 1954-1980)

* [[/Charles Robert White|White, Charles Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXLC-S5H] - 1911(SA)-1986(Vic) - Licences: 5MX Adelaide (Kilkenny, 1931-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 802, 1931, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Edwin Harold White|White, Edwin Harold &quot;Eddie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTQ-QGH] - 1911(Qld)-1997(Qld) - Licences: 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1933-1939); 4EW Mackay (1946-1950); 4EW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1954-1956); 5OW &amp; 8OW Darwin (1956-1963); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1963-1965); 4OW Mt Isa (1969); 4OW Brisbane (Red Hill, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1141, 1933, No. ?? in Qld; 1COCP 250, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Gold Coast ARC); military (WW2, Fortress Signals); federal public servant (DCA) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Red Hill, 1934-1936); radio technician (Longreach, 1937); aeradio operator (Cloncurry, 1943; Mackay, 1949); communications officer (Archerfield, 1954); public servant (Red Hill, 1963; Mt Isa, 1968; Red Hill, 1972-1980)

* [[/Elwyn Boyce White|White, Elwyn Boyce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5CB-6Y5] - 1907(NSW)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2HA Sydney (Vaucluse, 1933-1934; Greenwich, 1935-1938; Darling Point, 1939; Baulkham Hills, 1946-1958; Epping, 1961; Wollstonecraft, 1965); 2HA Shoal Bay (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930-1933; Greenwich, NSW, 1936-1937); technician (Woollahra, NSW, 1943); electrical radio technician (Castle Hill, NSW, 1954); technician(Epping, NSW, 1958-1963; Wollstonecraft, NSW, 1968); retired (Shoal Bay, NSW, 1972-1977)

* [[/Frank Philip White|White, Frank Philip or Phillip]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXSJ-9NF] - 1892(Eng)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 189, 1916 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIM Melbourne (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Frank Roy White|White, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4P-LVT] - 1911(NSW)-1994(NSW) - Licences: 2ABK Sydney (Roseville, 1938; Wahroonga, 1939; West Ryde, 1947-1954); 2AHW Sydney (West Ryde, 1961) - Qualifications: cc; 2COCP 5, 1934; 1COCP 12, 1934 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; beam wireless operator (AWA); WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (West Ryde, 1933-1935); telegraphist (Roseville, 1936-1937; Ryde, 1943-1972; Glenorie, NSW, 1977); retired (Thornleigh, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Gilford James White|White, Gilford James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1X6-XFV] - 1915(SA)-1997(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified (post 1981?) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP V00911, 1981; BOCP 100, 1937; AIR3 796, 1946 - WW2 (RAAF, Officer, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: airline captain (Box Hill South, Vic, 1963; Burwood, Vic, 1968-1977); economist (Burwood, Vic, 1980)

* [[/Henry Benjamin Humphrey White|White, Henry Benjamin Humphrey &quot;Harry&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDL-18H] - 1918(Vic)-1960(Vic) - Licences: 3IR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1950, 1937, Vic; COCP2 631, 1942; COCP1 658, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Gardiner, Vic, 1943); radio operator (Malvern, Vic, 1949); broadcast technician (Collie, WA, 1954)

* [[/J. L. White|White, J. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6JL via Brass Valley (1927) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Hugh William White|White, John Hugh William &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1CN-76K] - 1908(WA)-1980(WA) - Licences: 5MM Adelaide (Dunleath, 1947); 2UG Newcastle (Hamilton, 1948-1950); 2UG Sydney (Maroubra, 1954-1955); 6UG Perth (Nedlands, 1956; Floreat Park, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2348, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wallaroo, SA, 1939); PMG engineer (Glenelg, SA, 1941-1943); engineer (Hamilton, NSW, 1949; Maroubra, NSW, 1954); civil servant (Wembley, WA, 1958); director (Floreat Park, WA, 1963-1977)

* [[/Norbert Leyburn White|White, Norbert Leyburn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBDK-7X1] - 1910(NSW)-1941(Hong Kong) - Licences: 9LW Rabaul, New Guinea (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps, Sergeant) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Links: [file:///C:/Users/samue/Downloads/Serjeant%20Norbert%20Leyburn%20White%20-%20CWGC%20Certificate.pdf CWGC] - {{font color||yellow|Sacrifice: &quot;Greater love hath no man than this&quot;}}

* [[/Reginald Percy White|White, Reginald Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTX8-3V6] - 1908(WA)-1978(Vic) - Licences: 3RW Melbourne (Blackburn, 1931; Hawthorn, 1933-1939; Ringwood, 1947; Hawthorn, 1948-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 740, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: operator (Blackburn, Vic, 1931); sales (Auburn, Vic, 1934-1936; Hawthorn, Vic, 1937); engineer (Auburn, Vic, 1943-1949)

* [[/Robert Keith White|White, Robert Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LJ17-8VS] - 1896(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XIW Bowral (1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (Army, 1918, discharged, medically unfit) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Balgowlah, NSW, 1930); motor engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1931-1933); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1935-1972)

* [[/Ronald Langton White|White, Ronald Langton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWXY-FBB] - 1919(Vic)-1998(Vic) - Licences: 3QR Melbourne (Malvern, 1935-1939; St Kilda, 1947; West Hawthorn, 1948; East St Kilda, 1954-1960; Elsternwick, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1553, 1935, Vic; BOCP 159, 1938; AOCP1 19, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: announcer (St Kilda, Vic, 1943); broadcaster (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); radio (Caulfield, Vic, 1954); tv officer (Elsternwick, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Sydney George White|White, Sydney George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBD5-CNV] - 1902(NSW)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3MW Melbourne (East Malvern, 1937; Melbourne CBD, 1938-1939; West Parkville, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 739, 1922; COCP1 245, 1932 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: traveller (Carlton South, Vic, 1931-1936); engineer (Gardiner, Vic, 1937); radio engineer (Parkville, Vic, 1943-1949); public servant (Parkville, Vic, 1954-1967)

* [[/Vernon William White|White, Vernon William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTP4-RGP] - 1908(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3VL Melbourne (Surrey Hills, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 934, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Mont Albert, Vic, 1931-1954; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1963-1977)

===''WHITELAW''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Charles Roy Whitelaw|Whitelaw, Charles Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/99WD-7NY] - 1891(Vic)-1957(Vic) - Licences: XMO Melbourne (Rosedale, 1913-1914); 3BH Melbourne (Mooroolbark, 1923-1925); 3BH Stawell (1925); 3BH Benalla (1925-1927); 3BH Melbourne (Mitcham, 1931); 3BH Woomelang (1933); 3BH Melbourne (Mornington 1937-1939); 3BH (Harrisfield, 1946-1947; Dandenong, 1948; Noble Park, 1954-1955; Boronia, 1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 87, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - early wireless experimenter; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; fire brigade and railway stationmaster; WW1 (AFC, Wireless Operator, 1917) - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Creswick, 1914); assistant stationmaster (Ravenswood, 1919); stationmaster (Mooroolbark, 1922-1924); railway employee (Timboon, 1925); stationmaster (Benalla, 1925-1927; Mitcham, 1931; Euroa, 1942; Harrisfield, 1949-1954)
===''WHITFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Frank Roy Whitford|Whitford, Frank Roy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/977F-FGK] - 1890(SA)-1970(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - owner &amp; manager Whitford Broadcasting Network (6PM Perth, 6AM Northam, 6KG Kalgoorlie, 6GE Geraldton) - Electoral Rolls: compositor (Kalgoorlie, WA, 1916); printer (Perth, WA, 1916); salesman (Perth, WA, 1925; Mayfield, SA, 1925); manager (Balkatta, WA, 1929-1931); businessman (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1954); director (Peppermint Grove, WA, 1958-1968) - Links: [https://www.radioheritage.net/Story151.asp RHF]

===''WHITING''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Reginald Ambrose Whiting|Whiting, Reginald Ambrose]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXR6-XDQ] - 1911(SA)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 5MC Adelaide (Torrensville, 1932-1933); 3MZ Melbourne (East Preston, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 988, 1932, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: fitter (South Yarra, Vic, 1934; Essendon, Vic, 1937); fitter &amp; turner (Preston, Vic, 1942-1968); fitter (Preston, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WHITLAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whitlam|Whitlam, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Edward Gough Whitlam|Whitlam, Edward Gough &quot;Gough&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5VH-8BJ] - 1916(Vic)-2014(NSW) - Prime Minister (1972-1975), WW2 (RAAF, Flight Lieutenant, navigator &amp; bomb aimer, 1942-1945) - Electoral Rolls: student (Glebe, 1943); barrister (Cronulla, 1949; Cabramatta, 1958-1963; Red Hill, 1977; Double Bay, 1980) - executive oversight of the introduction of community radio in Australia - Links: [[w:Gough Whitlam|Wikipedia]]; [https://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/whitlam-edward-gough-18730 Obituaries Australia]

* [[/Lewis Alfred John Whitlam|Whitlam, Lewis Alfred John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYY1-BBB] - 1904(Qld)-1977(Qld) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Brisbane (Brisbane City, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: engineer's assistant (Brisbane City, Qld, 1931-1937); electrical engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1943-1968); engineer (Windsor, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WHITTAKER''===

SEE ALSO WHITAKER

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whittaker|Whittaker, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis William Whittaker|Whittaker, Francis William &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2WG-QBS] - 1920(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6FK Perth (Inglewood, 1938-1939, 1947; Cannington, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2146, 1938, WA; COCP2 543, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (East Perth, WA, 1943); communication officer (DCA, Wyndham, WA, 1954-1958); clerk (Cannington, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WHYTE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Whyte|Whyte, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Charles Kenneth Whyte|Whyte, Charles Kenneth]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYNV-R3R] - 1915(???)-19??(???) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1603, 1936, ??? - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Francis Russell Whyte|Whyte, Francis Russell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTM9-VZT] - 1918(NSW)-2010(NSW) - Licences: 2AKC Sydney (Campsie, 1938-1939, 1946); 2VF Sydney (Campsie, 1948-1965; St Ives, 1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2139, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: locomotive cleaner (Campsie, NSW, 1943-1963); electrician (St Ives, NSW, 1968-1980)

* [[/Harold Eugene Whyte|Whyte, Harold Eugene]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-62D] - 1920(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2AHA Newcastle (Jesmond, 1937-1939; Mayfield, 1946-1948; Birmingham Gardens, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1965, 1937, NSW; BOCP 432, 1942; COCP1 637, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Lambton, NSW, 1949; Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1949-1968); engineer (Birmingham Gardens, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/Rolland Jeffrey Whyte|Whyte, Rolland or Roland Jeffrey &quot;Jeff&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRK3-7XT] - 1908(SA)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AHM Wentworth (1937-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1988, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: jackeroo (Wentworth, NSW, 1936-1968); grazier (Wentworth, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WIBURD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiburd|Wiburd, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Wiburd|Wiburd, George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1H2-21S] - 1912(NSW)-1967(Vic) - Licences: 3LP Melbourne (Middle Brighton, 1947-1948; North Brighton, 1954-1956); 3LP Bairnsdale (1960); 3LP Yarram (1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2390, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield West, Vic, 1937; Brighton, Vic, 1942-1954); manager (State Savings Bank, Lancefield, Vic, 1963)

===''WICKHAM''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wickham|Wickham, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Norman Wickham|Wickham, Arthur Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5C5-KXL] - 1901(NSW)-1955(NSW) - Licences: 2TP Sydney (Artarmon, 1933-1937; Lindfield, 1938; North Sydney, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 648, 1921 (Marconi) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: operator (Artarmon, NSW, 1930-1937); manager (North Sydney, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WICKS''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/C. Wicks|Wicks, C.]] - 18??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: XQK Brisbane (South Brisbane) (1913) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

===''WIDGERY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Widgery|Widgery, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ernest Widgery|Widgery, Stanley Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNHD-YQ3] - 1917(Vic)-2002(Vic) - Licences: 3SE Ballarat (1936-1939, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1701, 1936, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: nil (Ballarat, Vic, 1942-1954); electrician (Ballarat, Vic, 1963-1980)

===''WIGNELL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wignell|Wignell, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Houston Wignell|Wignell, Arthur Houston]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GTMY-D1Y] - 1917(NSW)-1960(NSW) - Licences: 2ALK Sydney (Lidcombe, 1939; Petersham, 1946-1954; Marrickville, 1955-1958; Beverley Hills, 1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2253, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1921-1948) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Lidcombe, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Lewisham, NSW, 1949-1954)

===''WILCOX''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Samuel Joseph Wilcox|Wilcox, Samuel Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH4-6CC] - 1909(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: 3KC Melbourne (Croxton, 1933-1937; Caulfield, 1938-1939; Kensington, 1947-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1083, 1933, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1949-1954); sheet metalworker (Newmarket, Vic, 1963-1968); metalworker (Kensington, Vic, 1972-1977)

===''WILDMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Cyril George Wildman|Wildman, Cyril George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GMG3-GNP] - 1900(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3FM Melbourne (Northcote, 1930-1931; Moreland, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; East Brunswick, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 624, 1930, No. ?? in Vic; BOCP 422, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrician (South Melbourne, 1927; Fitzroy North, 1931; Coburg, 1934-1942); electrical engineer (Brunswick East, 1977-1980)

===''WILKEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/James Henry Wilken|Wilken, James Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN6H-7TD] - 1893(Vic)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XPF Melbourne (Kilsyth, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 44, 1915 - early wireless experimenter; WW1; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Cottonvale, Qld, 1921-1922); manufacturer (Vaucluse, NSW, 1930; Colo Vale, NSW, 1934-1937); director (Vaucluse, NSW, 1943); company director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1949; Bellevue Hill, NSW, 1954); director (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1958)

===''WILKES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Robert Wilkes|Wilkes, Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ZJ-MY7] - 1882(Eng)-1936(Eng) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - broadcast listener; likely amateur receiver (1920s); Principal City Commercial College, Perth; member Wireless Development Assoc WA; attended wireless conference Sydney 1924; Craig &amp; Co Wireless Engineers - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Cottesloe Beach, WA, 1913-1931)

===''WILKIN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/John Winstanley Wilkin|Wilkin, John Winstanley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6LX-1P7] - 1891(NZ)-1967(SA) - Licences: 5JW Adelaide (North Adelaide, 1928; Osmond, 1931; Glen Osmond, 1933; North Walkerville, 1937-1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified; likely qualified in NZ - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: manager (Toorak, SA, 1939-1943)

===''WILKINS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Wilkins|Wilkins, Arthur]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3AW Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1927; East St Kilda, 1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 375, 1927, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW(?) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - Comment: Several contemporaneous Arthur Wilkins, specific to be identified

* [[/Charles Joseph Wilkins|Wilkins, Charles Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRRZ-3KS] - 1911(NSW)-1976(NSW) - Licences: 2ALB Sydney (Manly, 1938-1939, 1947-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2208, 1938, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical apprentice (Manly, NSW, 1933-1936); electrical mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1937); dynamo attendant (Manly, NSW, 1943-1968)

* [[/Robert Thomson Wilkins|Wilkins, Robert Thomson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5KL-ZX4] - 19??(???)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2WQ Sydney (Manly, 1934-1936); 2WQ Werris Creek (1937-1939); 2WQ South Grafton (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1253, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Manly, NSW, 1932-1934); electrician (South Grafton, NSW, 1949-1977)

===''WILKINSON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Dudley Angus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Dudley Angus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR41-Q53] - 1919(SA)-1988(SA) - Licences: 5WD Adelaide (Frewville, 1935-1939; College Park, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1455, 1935, SA; BOCP 182, 1938; 1COCP 284, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Hawthorn, SA, 1941; Ballarat, Vic, 1942)
* [[/Frederick Gidley Hattam Wilkinson|Wilkinson, Frederick or Frederic Gidley Hattam]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LF7N-YDF] - 1896(NSW)-1982(Qld) - Licences: XGG Sydney (Ashfield, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (AIF, 1916-1918, Gunner); bank clerk (1916) - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Mudgee, NSW, 1930); clerk (Young, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933-1934); bank clerk (Commercial Bank, Braidwood, NSW, 1936-1937); bank officer (Milton, NSW, 1943-1949; Milson's Point, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1980; Mooloolaba, Qld, 1980)
* [[/James Enoch Machell Augustus Wilkinson|Wilkinson, James Enoch Machell Augustus]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9X59-KSR] - 1910(Vic)-1990(???) - Licences: 3PQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1931-1937; Fairfield, 1938-1939; Northcote, 1947-1956; Lalor, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 782, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: postal (Northcote, Vic, 1936-1937)

===''WILLIAMS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williams|Williams, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan William Frederick Williams|Williams, Alan William Frederick]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GP8H-KSX] - 1911(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2AF Sydney (Ryde, 1931-1939); 2AF Wagga Wagga (1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 737, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 31, 1936; TVOCP 271, 1960 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Ryde, NSW, 1933-1937); radio engineer (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1937-1943; Urana, NSW, 1949; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1954-1968)

* [[/Albert Edward Williams|Williams, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BO Adelaide (Unley, 1930-1931); 5BO Adelaide (Ottaway, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 659, 1930, No. ?? in SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: - several contemporaneous AEWs in SA

* [[/Alex Elisha Williams|Williams, Alex Elisha]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8JC-RN9] - 1913(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3KT Melbourne (Elsternwick, 1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1062, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: fitter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1937; Camberwell, Vic, 1943-1949; Highfield Park, Vic, 1954); school teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1967-1968); teacher (Frankston, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Alfred Keith Williams|Williams, Alfred Keith]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8C3-3SS] - 1905(WA)-1932(WA) - Licences: 6AW Collie (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 502, 1929, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Gone too soon - Electoral Rolls: picture S. operator (Collie, 1930) 

* [[/Archdale Robert Leslie Williams|Williams, Archdale Robert Leslie &quot;Archie&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L668-177] - 1895(Vic)-1958(Vic) - Licences: 3WE Birchip (1932-1933); 3WE Omeo, 1937-1939, 1947-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1005, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1AIF, 1914-1919); WW2, (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: printer (Seymour, Vic, 1921-1924); linotyper (Claremont, Vic, 1927-1928); linotype operator (Birchip, Vic, 1931); journalist (Omeo, Vic, 1936-1954)

* [[/Evan James Williams|Williams, Evan James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1M6-MLM] - 1894(NSW)-1954(NSW) - Licences: 2JW Sydney (Double Bay, 1925-1927; Edgecliff, 1928-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 810, 1924 (Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 (Army, 1st Aust Wireless Signals Squadron, 1917-1918); WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: freeholder (Woollahra, NSW, 1930-1954)

* [[/Ernest Arthur Williams|Williams, Ernest Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKNS-QYG] - 1888(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2QY Receive Wollongong (1923); 2QY Wollongong (1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plumber (Wollongong, 1913, 1930-1958); retired (Wollongong, 1968)

* [[/Harold Parkyn Williams|Williams, Harold Parkyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G7CW-DGX] - 1881(Qld)-1933(NSW) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - first general manager of ABC - Electoral Rolls: - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/williams-harold-parkyn-9112 ADB]

* [[/John Banks Williams|Williams, John Banks]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDZH-ZR5] - 1913(Vic)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2ADI Sydney (Bondi North, 1937-1939); 2ADI Merimbula (1946-1948); 2ADI Bega (1950); 2AYW Bega (1957-1969); 2AYW Kiama (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; COCP1 983, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Bega, NSW, 1949-1954); radio technician (Bega, NSW, 1958-1968); technician (Kiama, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/J. E. Williams|Williams, J. E.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DQ Receive Brisbane (Annerley, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Comment: many contemporaneous JEWs - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/John Henry Williams|Williams, John Henry Jnr &quot;Johnny&quot; &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP3D-8NG] - 1880(Qld)-1953(Qld) - Licences: 4JH Mackay (1929-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 507, 1929, No ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: iron monger? (Mackay, 1925-1943) - established commercial broadcaster 4MK Mackay 1931

* [[/John Owen Williams|Williams, John Owen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZWV-S18] - 1918(Vic)-1991(Vic) - Licences: 3OU Melbourne (Hawthorn, 1935-1937; Sandringham, 1938-1939); 3OQ Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1948); 3UO Melbourne (Sandringham, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1426, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: bio-chemist (Prahran, Vic, 1943-1949); instrument maker (Brighton, Vic, 1949-1954); engineer (Sandringham, Vic, 1963); manager (Sandringham, Vic, 1967-1980)

* [[/Joseph Henry Williams|Williams, Joseph Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G178-LC7] - 1921(Vic)-1979(Vic) - Licences: 3OQ Melbourne (Northcote, 1938-1939); 3NL Melbourne (Northcote, 1948; Mordialloc, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2134, 1938, Vic; BOCP 183, 1938) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: defence instructor (Northcote, Vic, 1949); teacher (Mordialloc, Vic, 1954-1963; Rosanna, Vic, 1968; Macleod, Vic, 1972-1977)

* [[/Kenneth Jack Woodbine Williams|Williams, Kenneth Jack Woodbine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/MP6T-5JR] - 1912(Eng)-1978(NSW) - Licences: 2XD Sydney (Bankstown, 1932-1936); 2XD Tamworth (1937-1939); 2XD Sydnet (Bankstown, 1946-1947; Eastwood, 1948-1950; West Ryde, 1954-1956; Galston, 1957-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1025, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bankstown, NSW, 1934-1935; Tamworth, NSW, 1937); engineer (West Ryde, NSW, 1954); farmer (Galston, NSW, 1958-1977)

* [[/L. L. Williams|Williams, L. L.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 9WL Kela, Salamaua, New Guinea (1938) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Leslie Samuel Barnes Williams|Williams, Leslie Samuel Barnes]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8F2-X56] - 1896(Qld)-1974(Qld) - Licences: 4LS Brisbane (Indooroopilly, 1930-1933); 4LS Toogoolawah (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 630, 1930, Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: naval signalman (Cape Moreton, 1917-1922); saddler (Indooroopilly, 1925-1931); boot repairer (Toogoolawah, 1934-1958); retired (Taringa, 1963-1972) 

* [[/Neville Gatenby Williams|Williams, Neville Gatenby]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX7-QBT] - 1919(Vic)-19??(Qld) - Licences: 3PH Melbourne (Brighton, 1935-1939, 1947); 3PH Seymour (1948-1954); 7PH Launceston (1955-1956); 3PM Mildura (1965-1969); 4PH Magnetic Island (1975); 4PH Toorbul (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1555, 1935, Vic; COCP1 996, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (Brighton, Vic, 1942-1949; Seymour, Vic, 1949); communications officer (Airport, Mildura, Vic, 1963-1968); shopkeeper (Palm Beach, Qld, 1972); retired (Arcadia, Qld, 1977; Currumbin, Qld, 1980)

* [[/Ronald Armand Williams|Williams, Ronald Armand]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYY5-2QC] - 1916(Vic)-1965(Vic) - Licences: 3ZD Warragul (1937-1939, 1948-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2034, 1937, Vic; BOCP 646, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, Lieutenant, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Canterbury, Vic, 1943); manager (Warragul, Vic, 1949-1954); general manager (Shepparton, Vic, 1963) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/1069349 VWMA]

* [[/Walter Neville Williams|Williams, Walter Neville &quot;Neville&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GYW6-G6P] - 1915(NSW)-1996(NSW) - Licences: 2XV Sydney (Merrylands, 1947-1969); 2XV Sydney (Carlingford, 1980+)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP2 107, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (long-time editor Electronics Australia) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Guildford, NSW, 1936); engineer (Merrylands, NSW, 1943-1963; Granville West, NSW, 1968; Merrylands, NSW, 1972); editor (Beecroft, NSW, 1977; Carlingford, NSW, 1980) - Links: [http://messui.polygonal-moogle.com/valves/NW199701.pdf EA]

===''WILLIAMSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Williamson|Williamson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Cecil Joseph Augustine Williamson|Williamson, Cecil Joseph Augustine]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K879-9HC] - 1925(NSW)-1973(NSW) - Licences: 2CW Yass (1929-1931); 2ALS Yass (1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 525, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio dealer (Yass, 1930-1949); farmer (Trundle, 1949); mechanic (Orange, 1954-1972)

* [[/Edwin Keith David Williamson|Williamson, Edwin Keith David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBY9-Z1N] - 1910(Vic)-2005(WA) - Licences: 3IF Melbourne (Bentleigh, 1947-1956; Oakleigh, 1960-1969); 3IF Warneet (1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2218, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bentleigh, Vic, 1936-1954); bank officer (Oakleigh, Vic, 1963-1968); retired (Warneet, Vic, 1972; Frankston, Vic, 1977-1980)

* [[/Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson|Williamson, Frederick Lerpiniere]][https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LB6L-GCH] - 1896(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5AH Receive Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922); 5AH Adelaide (Kent Town, 1922-1927; Collinswood, 1928, 1948-1955); also dealer licence 5BT Adelaide 1925-1926 for Kauper, Austin &amp; Williamson - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 22, 1924, No. ?? in SA; BOCP 284, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;5AH - Frederick Lerpiniere Williamson&quot;

* [[/Hubert Gordon Williamson|Williamson, Hubert Gordon &quot;Rusty&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LH7J-YQP] - 1907(Vic)-1995(Vic) - Licences: 3GW Rainbow (1927-1939, 1946-1960); 3GW Lalor (1965-1969); 3GW Melbourne (East Doncaster, 1975-1980); 3GH Rainbow (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 342, 1927, Vic; COCP1 593, 1942 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Rainbow, Vic, 1928-1937); engineer (Lalor, Vic, 1963-1967); technician (Doncaster East, Vic, 1977-1980)

* Williamson nee Hutchings, Marjorie Lilian - See Marjorie Lilian Hutchings

===''WILLIS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Archibald Willis|Willis, John Archibald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GB1H-6FR] - 1917(Qld)-1976(Qld) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2161, 1938, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: not stated (South Brisbane, Qld, 1943-1963; Annerley, Qls, 1968); retired (Mt Gravatt, Qld, 1972)

* [[/Harold Oliver Willis|Willis, Harold Oliver]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VS-NLZ] - 1898(Vic)-1976(WA) - Licences: 6OW Perth (South Fremantle, 1930-1931); 6AM Perth (South Fremantle, 1933); 6HW Perth (South Fremantle, 1937-1939, 1946-1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 675, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: baker (South Fremantle, 1925-1968)

===''WILLMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILMOTT

* [[/Thomas Robert Willmott|Willmott or Wilmot, Thomas Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZD6-TB4] - 1886(NSW)-1947(NSW) - Licences: XCL Sydney (Toongabbie, 1912-1914); 2BR Receive South Grafton (1922); 2ZO South Grafton (1923-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 48, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: farmer (Grafton South, 1930-1943)

===''WILLOUGHBY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Eric Lancelot Willoughby|Willoughby, Eric Lancelot]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR88-Q5X] - 1912(SA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5BM Adelaide (Penrhyn, 1932-1939); 5GO Adelaide (Unley, 1948); 3FB Noojee (1954-1956); 3FB Neerim Junction (1960); 4EW Booval (1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1035, 1932, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: no occupation (Penrhyn, SA, 1939-1943); farmer (Noojee, Vic, 1949-1954); PMG Linesman (Booval, Qld, 1963-1968); PMG (Booval, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WILMOTT''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
See also - WILLMOTT

* [[/John Henry Wilmott|Wilmott, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFQY-PTR] - 1914(WA)-2003(NSW) - Licences: 6JW Perth (Como, 1934-1939); 2AJX Sydney (Lindfield, 1975); 2AJX Bathurst (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1345, 1934, WA; 1COCP 170, 1938 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JHWs - Electoral Rolls: aircraft radio officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1949); communications officer (Lindfield, NSW, 1958-1968); proprietor (Bathurst, NSW, 1977-1980)

===''WILSON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wilson|Wilson, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/A. H. Wilson|Wilson, A. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4DL Receive Brisbane (Kangaroo Point, 1923)- Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Arthur Lindsay Wilson|Wilson, Arthur Lindsay]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GFSS-FSR] - 1904(Vic)-1985(Vic) - Licences: 3JF Melbourne (Gardenvale, 1935-1937; McKinnon, 1938-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1546, 1935, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: signwriter (Elsternwick, Vic, 1926-1936); printer (Bentleigh, Vic, 1937); mechanic (Elsternwick, Vic, 1942-1980)

* [[/Darius Joseph Wilson|Wilson, Darius Joseph]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8ZR-GJ4] - 1901(NSW)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2DW Sydney (Leichhardt, 1929-1931; Lidcombe, 1933; Five Dock, 1933-1939, 1946-1948; Warwick Farm, 1950; Yagoona, 1954-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 548, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: french polisher (Leichhardt, 1930; Five Dock, 1943-1949); no occupation (Five Dock, 1954); french polisher (Yagoona, 1954-1968); polisher (Yagoona, 1972-1977)

* [[/Donald Davidson Wilson|Wilson, Donald Davidson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR4M-C67] - 1913(NSW)-1986(NSW) - Licences: 2AES Teralba (1936-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1822, 1936, NSW; BOCP 335, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Son is also DDW - Electoral Rolls: colliery employee (Speer's Point, NSW, 1936); radio mechanic (Teralba, NSW, 1943-1980)  

* [[/Henry George Wilson|Wilson, Henry George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L5LY-R6P] - 1908(Eng)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 2AGO Sydney (Greenwich, 1937-1939, 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2045, 1937, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous HGWs - Electoral Rolls: accountant (Greenwich, NSW, 1954-1972)

* [[/Horace Benjamin Wilson|Wilson, Horace Benjamin &quot;Ben&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8DV-71R] - 1911(WA)-2005(NSW) - Licences: 5WB Adelaide (Wayville, 1930-1937; Unley Park, 1938-1939); 2BP Sydney (McMahons Point, 1946-1948; West Ryde, 1950-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 586, 1930, No. ?? in SA; AOLCP 161, 1934; 2COCP 33, 1935; 1COCP 72, 1935 - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio engineer (Unley Park, 1939); recording engineer (McMahons Point, 1949); business manager (West Ryde, 1954-1980)

* [[/J. H. or T. H. Wilson|Wilson, J. H. or T. H.]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 6BV Perth (Claremont, 1922; Peppermint Grove, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/James Thomas Wilson|Wilson, James Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN47-4TR] - 1914(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 3CU Melbourne (Camberwell, 1937-1939); 3ACV Colac (1954-1955); 3ACV Carisbrook (1956); 3ACV Melbourne (St Albans, 1960; Mt Evelyn, 1965-1969); 3ACV Lubeck (1975)  - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1878, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: Several contemporaneous JTWs - Electoral Rolls: nil (Camberwell, Vic, 1936); textile (Camberwell, Vic, 1937); textile worker (Camberwell, Vic, 1943 + Mary Ellen)

* [[/Leonard Gratton Wilson|Wilson, Leonard Gratton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GQN8-3K6] - 1901(NSW)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6LG Perth (Inglewood, 1928; South Perth, 1930-1931; Como, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 429, 1928, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: vigneron (Caversham, 1925); police constable (South Perth, 1931-1936; Como, 1937); constable (Albany, 1943-1949); police constable (Como, 1954-1958)

* [[/Leslie Maclean Wilson|Wilson, Leslie Maclean]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRH5-9TL] - 1893(NSW)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2LM  Marsden (1924-1926); 2LM Sydney (Cremorne, 1927); 2LM Mudgee (1928-1936); 2LMW Mudgee (1937-1939); 2ALM Mudgee (1946-1950); 2ALM Port Macquarie (1954-1958); 2LM Port Macquarie (1960-1969+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 33, 1924, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: grazier (Mudgee, NSW, 1930-1954); no occupation (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1958-1963); retired (Port Macquarie, NSW, 1968-1972)

* [[/Perry Allen Wilson|Wilson, Perry Allen]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4AT Receive Eumundi (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: motordriver (Eumundi, Qld, 1925-1934); garage proprietor (Eumundi, Qld, 1936-1943)

* [[/Robert Scott Wilson|Wilson, Robert Scott]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ3-98L] - 1898(Vic)-1967(Vic) - Licences: XKC Melbourne (East Malvern, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1922-1924; Caulfield East, Vic, 1926; Gardiner, Vic, 1927-1943; Malvern, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/Robert Victor William Wilson|Wilson, Robert Victor William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRWJ-J3L] - 1910(Vic)-1996(Vic) - Licences: 2AFS Moree (1936-1939); 2AFS Newcastle (Hamilton, 1947-1950); 2AFS Port Stephens (Williamtown, 1954-1955); 3SD Melbourne (Blackburn, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1836, 1936, NSW; COCP1 1031, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1935-1946; RAAF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous RVWs - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (East Sydney, NSW, 1933-1935); radio mechanic (East Moree, NSW, 1937); RAAF (Hamilton, NSW, 1954); radio engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1963-1968); engineer (Blackburn, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Vaughan Hislop Wilson|Wilson, Vaughan Hislop]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR53-Z2B] - 1911(NZ)-1979(NSW) - Licences: 2ADZ Sydney (Elizabeth Bay, 1937; Harris Park, 1938); 2VW Sydney (Kingsford, 1947; Maroubra, 1948-1960; West Pymble, 1961-1965; Chittaway Point, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (qualified NZ?) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Darlinghurst, NSW, 1937); engineer (Maroubra, NSW, 1949-1958); radio engineer (Pymble, NSW, 1963); technician (Chittaway Point, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Victor John Wilson|Wilson, Victor John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX8K-NPY] - 1909(Qld)-2009(Qld)99yo - Licences: Receive Brisbane (New Farm, 1923); 4VW Brisbane (Newstead, 1937-1939); 4VW Nambour (1960); 4VW Brisbane (Everton Park, 1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1100, 1933, Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: panel beater (Newstead, Qld, 1931-1937; Nambour, Qld, 1958; Everton Park, Qld, 1963-1980) 

* [[/Warne Alfred George Wilson|Wilson, Warne Alfred George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKLN-Y39] - 1900(Vic)-1981(Vic) - Licences: 3RY Receive Ballarat (1923); 3RY Ballarat (1924-1925); 3WA Ballarat (1928-1939, 1946-1960); 3KV Ballarat (1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 444, 1928, No. ?? in Vic; AOLCP 20, 1930 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical engineer (Ballarat, 1924); radio engineer (Ballarat, 1927-1980)

* [[/Wilfred Elvyn Wilson|Wilson, Wilfred Elvyn]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDSB-MB4] - 1880(Eng)-1964(NSW) - Licences: 2JI Receive Sydney (Roseville, 1922-1923); 2JI Sydney (Roseville, 1924-1925) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified -  amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: optician (Roseville, 1930-1963)

* [[/William Thomas Wilson|Wilson, William Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1DY-9FS] - 1921(Vic)-1997(SA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2381, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified

* [[/Winston Mons Wilson|Wilson, Winston Mons]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9N7K-8K4] - 1915(Vic)-1959(Vic) - Licences: 3WM Melbourne (East Preston, 1934-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1407, 1934, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Preston, Vic, 1937); farmer (Eltham, Vic, 1943); mechanic (Cohuna, Vic, 1949); bookkeeper (Cohuna, Vic, 1954)

===''WILTSHIRE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur John Wiltshire|Wiltshire, Arthur John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GRH7-W1X] - 1916(???)-2007(NSW) - Licences: 2AEM Lismore (1936-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1752, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales assistant (Lismore, NSW, 1937); turner &amp; fitter (Adamstown, NSW, 1943); turner &amp; machinist (Toronto, NSW, 1949); factory manager (Ballina, NSW, 1954); manager (Goonellabah, NSW, 1958-1963; Gundarimba, NSW, 1968); agent (Ballina, NSW, 1972-1977); distributor (Alstonville, NSW, 1980)

===''WINCH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winch|Winch, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Roderick Mervin Winch|Winch, Roderick Mervin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L19Y-MMP] - 1910(NSW)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2OA Sydney (Harris Park, 1933-1937); 3OA Melbourne (South Yarra, 1938); 2OA Sydney (Parramatta, 1946-1961); 2AMY Sydney (Harris Park, 1939) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified (possibly from RAN) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: naval rating (Parramatta, NSW, 1932; Harris Park, NSW, 1933-1937); radio dealer (Parramatta, NSW, 1954-1963)

===''WING''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wing|Wing, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James John Wing|Wing, William James John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDHH-WKW] - 1887(Eng)-1954(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 188, 1916; 2COCP 142, 1930; 1COCP 212, 1931 - coastal wireless operator; RANRS (CPO, 1917-1918); AWA - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Hotel Metropole, Thursday Island, Qld, 1914); wireless engineer operator (Radio Station, Applecross, WA, 1917); radiotelegraphist (Cooktown, 1921); business manager (Epping, 1930); sales manager (Epping, 1933-1936; Roseville, 1937; Chatswood, 1943-1949); manager (Melbourne, 1954)

===''WINKLER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winkler|Winkler, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Martin Herbert Rudolf Winkler|Winkler, Rev. Martin Herbert Rudolf]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9HCP-JCV] - 1906(NZ)-1985(SA) - Licences: 2MP Wagga Wagga (1934-1939); 2MP Temora (1946-1948); 5MV Adelaide (Clapham, 1954-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1335, 1934, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: clergyman (Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1932; Walbundrie, NSW, 1934; Wagga Wagga, NSW, 1934-1943; Barmedman, 1949) - Links: [https://vwma.org.au/explore/people/614919 VWMA]; [https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1241955 Photo]

===''WINTERFORD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton Winterford|Winterford, Dudley Charles Burnett Brereton]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3ML-FJH] - 1908(Qld)-1988(Canada?) - Licences: 4MF Brisbane (Annerley, 1927-1931); 4MF Southport (1933); 4MF Sarina (1938-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 363, 1927, No. 40 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Annerley, Qld, 1931); mechanic (Coorparoo, Qld, 1937); electrician (Sarina, Qld, 1943); electrical contractor (Broadbeach, Qld, 1949)

===''WINTON''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Winton|Winton, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Herbert Winton|Winton, John Herbert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K2VW-4ZG] - 1912(Vic)-1976(Vic) - Licences: 3XR Melbourne (Glen Iris, 1932-1933; Surrey Hills, 1937-1939; Gardenvale, 1947-1948; Croydon, 1954-1960; Montrose, 1965; Wantirna South, 1969-1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 959, 1932, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Malvern, Vic, 1934-1936; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1937); accountant (Elsternwick, Vic, 1949; North Croydon, Vic, 1954; Montrose, Vic, 1963-1968; Wantirna, Vic, 1972)

===''WIRSU''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wirsu|Wirsu, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil Yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Oiva Leslie Wirsu|Wirsu, Oiva Leslie]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G14L-RGB] - 1919(NSW)-1970(NSW) - Licences: 3ALW Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947); 2AMA Sydney (Kensington, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2415, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Oatley, NSW, 1949-1954; Gordon, NSW, 1963-1968)

===''WISE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wise|Wise, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Wise|Wise, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDDS-D87] - 1853(Vic)-1950(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: Nil yet identified - politician (Postmaster-General, 1920-1921) - Electoral Rolls: solicitor (Sale, 1905-1949) - Links: [[w:George Wise (Australian politician)|Wikipedia]]

* [[/William George Wise|Wise, William George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPKG-RBN] - 1902(NSW)-1952(NSW) - Licences: 2PW Sydney (Summer Hill, 1932-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1045, 1932, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: electrical linesman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1930); lineman (Summer Hill, NSW, 1934-1949)

===''WISEMAN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William James Cleave Wiseman|Wiseman, William James Cleave]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX2M-ZP8] - 1906(SA)-1976(SA) - Licences: 5WJ Port Lincoln (1931-1939); 5WJ Ceduna (1947-1948); 5WJ Adelaide (Parafield, 1954) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 759, 1931, No. ?? in SA; 1COCP 485, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: cinema operator (Port Lincoln, SA, 1939-1941); aeradio operator (Ceduna, SA, 1943)

===''WISHART''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/William Turner Wishart|Wishart, William Turner &quot;Bill, Billy&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GHQ3-J9S] - 1900(Qld)-1994(Qld) - Licences: 4WT Brisbane (Graceville, 1931-1939); 6TW Perth (Claremont/Floreat Park, 1946-1948); 4WX Brisbane (St Lucia, 1965-1969; Margate 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 870, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; radio club (WIAQ, councillor, federal councillor) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Red Hill, Qld, 1921); optical mechanic (Paddington, Qld, 1925; Graceville, Qld, 1928-1937); audiometrist (Floreat Park, WA, 1949; Darlington, WA, 1949); retired (Wynnum North, Qld, 1972; Margate, Qld, 1977-1980)

===''WITT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Witt|Witt, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Sidney Herbert Witt|Witt, Sidney Herbert &quot;Sid&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD3D-BDV] - 1892(Vic)-1973(Vic) - Licences: 3MZ Receive Melbourne (Camberwell, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: civil servant (Malvern, 1914-1916); electrical engineer (Camberwell, 1922); engineer (Brighton, 1925-1943; Glen Iris, 1958-1968; Burwood, 1972)) - Links: [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/witt-sidney-herbert-12059 ADB]; [http://www.coxhill.com/trlhistory/history/witt.htm Coxhill]; [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2355724 NLA]

* [[/Walter King Witt|Witt, Walter King]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LBCV-VWY] - 1893(Vic)-1980(Vic) - Licences: XKW Melbourne (St Kilda, 1913-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; WW1 (RAN Transport); WW2 (RANVR); Wireless Institute Victoria (vice president, 1914) - Electoral Rolls: wireless operator (Williamstown, Vic, 1916-1917); X-ray operator (Northcote, Vic, 1919); traveller (Williamstown, Vic, 1922-1924); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1925-1927); sales (Williamstown, Vic, 1928-1968); manager (Williamstown, Vic, 1972); importer (Williamstown, Vic, 1977) - Links: [https://www.wia.org.au/newsevents/news/2014/20141022-1/index.php WIA Amateur Radio 2014 11]

===''WOHLERS''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wohlers|Wohlers, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Howard Gibson Wohlers|Wohlers, Howard Gibson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K8YB-FHW] - 1910(Vic)-1966(Vic) - Licences: 3YV Wangaratta (1947-1965); 3AYV Portable Wangaratta (1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2339, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Wangaratta, Vic, 1931-1963)

===''WOLFE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Hamilton Bennett Wolfe|Wolfe, Hamilton Bennett]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G9H2-8K6] - 1886(Vic)-1956(WA) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 193, 1916; 2COCP 242, 1930; 1COCP 213, 1931 - coastal wireless operator (RANRS, CPO, 1917-1918); WW1; VIP Perth (1917-1918) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Bairnsdale, Vic, 1908-1912); wireless telegraphist (Applecross, WA, 1925-1926); radio telegraphist (Geraldton, 1936-1949); retired (Nedlands, WA, 1954)

===''WOLFENDEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Peter Wolfenden|Wolfenden, Peter]] - 3ZPA Strathmore (1965) - amateur operator, historian (amateur, amateur broadcasting), journalist (WIA's &quot;Amateur Radio&quot;)

===''WOOD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wood|Wood, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Abner David Wood|Wood, Abner David]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZ7R-BJC] - 1910(Eng)-1976(SA) - Licences: 6AS Mt Barker (1935-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1534, 1935, WA; BOCP 654, 1945 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified 

* [[/George Alfred Wood|Wood, George Alfred]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LX7Z-9F6] - 1909(NSW)-1983(NSW) - Licences: 2IZ Sydney (Waverley, 1933-1935; Woollahra, 1936-1939); 2AIX Sydney (Woollahra, 1948; Bondi Junction, 1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1125, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Waverley, NSW, 1933-1935); mechanic (Woollahra, NSW, 1937; Bondi Junction, NSW, 1943-1949); telephone technician (Randwick North, NSW, 1954-1958; Hurstville South, NSW, 1963-1968); technician (Hurstville South, NSW, 1972-1980)

* [[/James Henry Clarence Wood|Wood, James Henry Clarence]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5H7-XN9] - 1901(NSW)-1942(NSW) - Licences: Receive Grafton (Crystal) (1923); 2ZM Grafton (1933-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1128, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Grafton, NSW, 1930-1937)

* [[/James William Wood|Wood, James William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G1W2-B9P] - 1914(Vic)-1987(NSW) - Licences: 2GG Albury (1946-1947); 2GG Herne Bay (1948-1950); 2GG Sydney (Bexley North, 1954-1961; Long Jetty, 1965-1969; Killarney Vale, 1975-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2419, 1939, NSW; AOCP2 39, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Comment: Several contemporaneous JWWs - Electoral Rolls: teacher (Killarney Vale, NSW, 1977)

* [[/Percy Wood|Wood, Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8M8-2V1] - 1909(Qld)-19??(???) - Licences: 4RQ Ipswich (1927-1931); 4PW Ipswich (1933-1939); 2EPW Banora Point - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 359, 1927, No. 39 in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; journalist (QRN, AR); engineer (IREE) - Electoral Rolls: electrical mechanic (Ipswich, 1931); radio dealer (Ipswich, 1937-1949; East Ipswich, 1954-1968); electrical dealer (Banora Point, 1977-1980)

* [[/Raymond Eric Wood|Wood, Raymond Eric]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5LV-Y2C] - 1916(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2VB Sydney (South Kensington, 1935-1938; Kingsford, 1938-1939; Epping, 1948-1950) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1580, 1935, NSW; COCP2 195, 1939; COCP1 305, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio operator (Cheltenham, NSW, 1943); radio technician (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); technician (OTC Doonside, NSW, 1958-1977); retired (Saint Huberts Island, NSW, 1980)

===''WOODHEAD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Harold Edward Woodhead|Woodhead, Harold Edward]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G97Q-V5C] - 1904(Eng)-1989(NSW) - Licences: 6DI Receive Bridgetown (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Bridgetown, WA, 1925; Broome, WA, 1931); civil servant (South Perth, WA, 1936-1968); retired (Mortdale, NSW, 1972-1980)

===''WOODLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodley|Woodley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William Robert Woodley|Woodley, William Robert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8VC-CYY] - 1909(???)-1995(WA) - Licences: 6BY Perth (West Leederville, 1930-1931); 6DJ Perth (Carlisle, 1946-1948; Victoria Park, 1954-1956; Maniana, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 680, 1930, No. ?? in WA - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster, WW2 - Electoral Rolls: labourer (Claremont, 1936-1937); mechanic (Victoria Park, 1943); radio mechanic (Carlisle, 1949; Victoria Park, 1954; Maniana, 1963-1980) - Callsign possibly withdrawn for commercial

===''WOODMAN''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodman|Woodman, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/John Henry Woodman|Woodman, John Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9V1B-S3D] - 1903(Vic)-1972(NSW) - Licences: 2ZE Sydney (Willoughby, 1932-1933); 2ZE Leeton (1933-1937); 2ZE Delegate (1938-1939, 1946-1947); 2ZE Hay (1948-1961); 2ZE Murrumburrah (1965-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 925, 1932, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: telegraphist (Bondi, NSW, 1930; Chatswood, NSW, 1933); postal clerk (Leeton, NSW, 1934-1937); postmaster (Delegate, NSW, 1943; Hay, NSW, 1949-1963); retired (Murrumburrah, NSW, 1968)

===''WOODWARD''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woodward|Woodward, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Claude Woodward|Woodward, Claude]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GWZ7-DFF] - 1909(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: 3YO Melbourne (Coburg, 1931; Moreland, 1933-1939; Malvern East, 1948-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 765, 1931, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: salesman (Coburg, Vic, 1931-1937); manager (Malvern East, Vic, 1949-1963)

* [[/George Reginald Woodward|Woodward, George Reginald ]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GG18-CNZ] - 1916(NSW)-1991(NSW) - Licences: 2WO Sydney (Sutherland, 1932-1933); 2YT Sydney (Sutherland, 1934-1939); 2YT Bathurst (1946-1947); 2YT Rydal (1948); 2YT Sydney (Smithfield, 1950; Canley Vale, 1954-1957; Auburn, 1958; Smithfield, 1960; Canley Vale, 1961); 2YT Taree (1965-1975); 2YT Sydney (Gladesville, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 901, 1932, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 718, 1946 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: radio technician (Sutherland, NSW, 1943); mechanic (Kirkconnell, NSW, 1949); radio mechanic (Canley Vale, NSW, 1954); radio technician (Auburn North, NSW, 1958); radio engineer (Kempsey, NSW, 1958); radio technician (Lithgow, NSW, 1963); radio technician (Moree, NSW, 1963; Ryde, NSW, 1968); salesman (Punchbowl, NSW, 1972); retired (Punchbowl, NSW, 1977); technician (Gladesville, NSW, 1980)

===''WOOKEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Geoffrey William Lewis Wookey|Wookey, Geoffrey William Lewis]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GN3H-WNJ] - 1911(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YJ Melbourne (Croydon, 1931-1933; Elwood, 1938-1939, 1947-1969; East Bentleigh, 1975-1980); 3AYJ Melbourne (Portable, 1948-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 838, 1931, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: jeweller (Elsternwick, Vic, 1936-1942; St Kilda, Vic, 1949-1968); instrument maker (East Bentleigh, Vic, 1972-1980)
* [[/Robert Bruce Wookey|Wookey, Robert Bruce]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9DP1-GVW] - 1907(Vic)-1974(Vic) - Licences: Receive (Crystal) Geelong (1923-1924); 3RW Geelong (1925-1927); 3IC Geelong (1948-1974) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 146, 1925, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: postal employee (Cressy, Vic, 1928); postal clerk (Queenscliff, Vic, 1931; Geelong, Vic, 1942-1972)

===''WOOLACOTT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woolacott|Woolacott, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Francis Prosser Woolacott|Woolacott, Francis Prosser &quot;Frank&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZFL-94T] - 1903(NSW)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2ST Receive Sydney (Drummoyne, 1923-1924); 2FW Sydney (Drummoyne, 1925-1926) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 119, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur receiver; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Father-in-law of Geoffrey Ross Curnow - Electoral Rolls: architect (Mosman, NSW, 1936); engineer (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1937); architect (Mosman, NSW, 1943-1958); engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1963)

===''WOOLLETT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Woollett|Woollett, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/David Edgar Woollett|Woollett, David Edgar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZTM-HDP] - 1920(NSW)-2001(NSW) - Licences: 2ZDE Sydney (Beverley Hills, 1956-1980+) - Qualifications: AOLCP 202, 1956; AOCP 4292, 1965, NSW - amateur operator; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: telephone technician (Beverley Hills, 1949-1972; Narwee, 1977-1980)

* [[/Norman Horace Woollett|Woollett, Norman Horace]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPD2-Z5M] - 1908(Eng)-1980(NSW) - Licences: 2ZY Sydney (Mosman, 1926-1927) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 276, 1926, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: advertising agent (Woollahra, NSW, 1933); manager (Bondi, NSW, 1936); public servant (Epping, NSW, 1949-1954); representative (Roseville, NSW, 1958-1980)

===''WOOLLEY''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Leon Ronald Woolley|Woolley, Leon Ronald]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L214-JQH] - 1898(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4FW Ipswich (1931); 4FW Townsville (1933); 4FW Ipswich (1937-1939, 1946-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 751, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; military (WW2, ATC); employment (school teacher) - Electoral Rolls: schoolteacher (Bell, Qld, 1919-1921; Newtown, Qld, 1925; Kia Ora, Townsville, 1931; Newtown, Qld 1934-1963)

===''WOOLNOUGH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Archibald Stephen Woolnough|Woolnough, Archibald Stephen]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8CG-9PK] - 1909(Vic)-2004(Vic) - Licences: 3BW Portarlington (1929-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 519, 1929, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: business proprietor (Portarlington, 1931-1980) 

* [[/Walter George Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K89F-ZSF] - 1876(NSW)-1958(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933), on behalf of son Walter Lyell Woolnough - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - Nil - Relationships: father of 2GW Walter Lyell Woolnough - Electoral Rolls: university professor (Mt Lawley, WA, 1913); professor geology (University, WA, 1916-1917); geologist (Hotel Canberra, ACT, 1928); Commonwealth Geologist (Forrest, ACT, 1937); clerk (North Sydney, NSW, 1943); public servant (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); no occupation (Neutral Bay, NSW, 1954-1958)

* [[/Walter Lyell Woolnough|Woolnough, Walter Lyell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CJF-LS3] - 1906(NSW)-1999(NSW) - Licences: 2GW Sydney (Killara, 1925-1927; Gordon, 1928-1930; Greenwich, 1931; Gordon, 1933-1936); 2GW Lithgow (1937-1939); 2GW Sydney (Gordon, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: AOCP 153, 1925, No. ?? in NSW), amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: licence held by father Walter George Woolnough till 1933 - Relationships: son of Walter George Woolnough, holder of 2GW licence till 1933 - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Lane Cove, NSW, 1930); assistant engineer (Gordon, NSW, 1933-1935); engineer (Lithgow, NSW, 1936-1937; Gordon, NSW, 1943-1980)

===''WOOSTER''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Horace Meredith Wooster|Wooster, Horace Meredith &quot;Jack&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L23Q-CGW] - 1909(Qld)-1992(Qld) - Licences: 4VH Townsville (City, 1930-1939; Belgian Gardens, 1946-1948); 4VH Brisbane (Yeronga, 1954-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 623, 1930, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2; state public servant (Qld Railways, telegraphist; Qld Main Roads Dept); military (Army signals officer) - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Townsville, 1931-1932; Norman Park, 1937; Townsville, 1943-1949; Yeronga, 1954-1980)

===''WORRALL''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worrall|Worrall, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Leonard Albert Worrall|Worrall, Leonard Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LTL5-L1L] - 1912(NSW)-1978(Qld) - Licences: 2XM Sydney (Parramatta, 1933-1934; Punchbowl, 1935-1936); 4XM Cairns (1937-1939); 4WL Brisbane (Stafford Heights, 1975) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1221, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Punchbowl, NSW, 1934-1936; Cairns, Qld, 1937); bank clerk (Wynnum, Qld, 1943); clerk (Wynnum North, Qld, 1954-1963); bank manager (Tarragindi, Qld, 1968); manager (Stafford Heights, Qld, 1972-1977)

===''WORSLEY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worsley|Worsley, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Harold Ansley Worsley|Worsley, Harold Ansley or Annesley]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L26G-17S] - 1905(Vic)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 3IS Melbourne (Caulfield, 1937-1939); 3EU Melbourne (Caulfield, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2035, 1937, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: telephonist (Richmond, Vic, 1927-1928); letter carrier (St Kilda, Vic, 1931-1934; Caulfield, Vic, 1936-1968); messenger (Caulfield North, Vic, 1972-1980)

===''WORSWICK''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Worswick|Robert Worswick, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Horace Victor Worswick|Worswick, Horace Victor &quot;Victor&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD4T-NN4] - 1908(Eng)-1993(Vic) - Licences: 2VW Sydney (Concord West, 1931-1939); 3VI Melbourne (Ringwood, 1947-1948; Surrey Hills, 1954-1975; Mont Albert, 1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 727, 1931, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: photographer (Concord, NSW, 1930-1937; Auburn, Vic, 1943; Ringwood, Vic, 1949; Surrey Hills, Vic, 1954-1980)

===''WORTH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Sydney Ernest Worth|Worth, Sydney or Sidney Ernest]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXBH-5Z3] - 1905(WA)-1963(WA) - Licences: 6SW Perth (Rivervale, 1930-1933; Nedlands, 1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 958, 1927; 2COCP 223, 1930; 1COCP 226, 1931 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Rivervale, WA, 1931); wireless operator (Nedlands, WA, 1936-1958)

===''WRAITH''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Edward James Crawford Wraith|Wraith, Edward James Crawford &quot;Jim&quot;]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KV2C-11D] - 1862(Vic)-1942(Vic) - Early wireless experimenter

===''WRATTEN''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Mervyn James Wratten|Wratten, Mervyn James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZJM-DV8] - 1918(Qld)-1999(Qld) - Licences: 4MW Ipswich (Brassall, 1937-1939; North Ipswich, 1946-1947; Brassall, 1948-1980+); 4LX Gold Coast (Palm Beach, 1956-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1932, 1937, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio clubs (WIAQ, Ipswich ARC); military (WW2, CMF, AIF); employment (Cribb &amp; Foote, manager, radio section); business proprietor (Avon Theatre) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (Brassall, Qld, 1943-1977; North Ipswich, Qld, 1980)

===''WRAY''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wray|Wray, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Ronald Milroy Percy Wray|Wray, Ronald Milroy Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G8H3-QYM] - 1909(Vic)-1963(NSW) - Licences: 2WX Sydney (Hurstville, 1929-1961) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 472, 1929, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: biograph operator (Hurstville, NSW, 1930-1933); radio engineer (Hurstville, NSW, 1935-1937); biograph assistant (Hurstville, NSW, 1949-1958)

===''WREFORD''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Roger Norman Wreford|Wreford, Roger Norman]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GX22-N2X] - 1909(WA)-1990(SA) - Licences: 2ADC Broken Hill (1936-1937); 5RW Adelaide (Blackwood, 1938-1939; Mitcham, 1947-1954; South Brighton, 1955-1960; Crafers, 1965-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1714, 1936, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Relationships: Brother of 5DW-6IW Arthur Franklin Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Broken Hill, NSW, 1935-1936; Blackwood, SA, 1939; Mitcham, SA, 1941-1943)
* [[/Arthur Franklin Wreford|Wreford, Arthur Franklin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G3V1-92S] - 1898(WA)-19??(???) - Licences: 5DW Adelaide (Kensington Gardens, 1937-1939; Cumberland, 1947-1954); 6IW Perth (Armadale, 1955-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2037, 1937, SA; 2COCP 452, 1941 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW1 - Relationships: Brother of 2ADC-5RW Roger Norman Wreford - Electoral Rolls: bank clerk (Kensington Gardens, SA, 1939); mechanic (Crystal Brook, SA, 1941; Cumberland, SA, 1943); civil servant (Gosnells, WA, 1954); technician (Armadale, WA, 1958) - Links: [https://discoveringanzacs.naa.gov.au/browse/person/133040 NAA]

===''WRIEDE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/George Sjoberg Albert Wriede|Wriede, George Sjoberg Albert]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LKG2-VK8] - 1900(Qld)-1971(Qld) - Licences: 4DJ Receive Caboolture (1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: railway employee (Cooroy, 1921; Miriam Vale, 1925-1958); retired (Gladstone, 1963)
===''WRIGHT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Wright|Wright, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Edward Wright|Wright, Albert Edward]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 2SS Receive Scarborough (1923); 2SS Scarborough (1924-1925); 2SS Coledale (1926-1933); 2SS Coolah (1933); 2SE Scarborough (1935-1936); 2SE Louth/Bourke (1937-1938); 2SE Walgett (1939); 2SE Willow Tree (1946); 2SE Stanmore (1947-1950); 2SE Sydney (Guildford, 1954-1961); 2SE Quirindi (1965) -  Qualifications: cc; AOCP 118, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Comment: several contemporaneous Albert Edward Wrights in NSW, needs specific data to identify - Electoral Rolls: Nil yet identified - TroveTag: &quot;2SS-2SE - Albert Edward Wright&quot;

* [[/Arthur Milford Wright|Wright, Arthur Milford]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GJQ9-JR6] - 1894(Vic)-1964(Vic) - Licences: XNF Melbourne (Brighton, 1913-1914); 3CL Receive Melbourne (Brighton, 1922); 2779 Receive Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1923) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter; amateur receiver - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Brighton, Vic, 1915-1922; Oakleigh, Vic, 1924-1963)

* [[/A. W. H. Wright|Wright, A. W. H. &quot;Bill&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - 5BW Adelaide, 3AAW, 4TU Garbutt (-1950+, amateur operator (AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld), amateur broadcaster

* [[/Collis Page Wright|Wright, Collis Page]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GD1P-P9L] - 1912(Tas)-2004(Tas) - Licences: 7LZ Launceston (1933-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1099, 1933, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: draper's assistant (Launceston, 1936-1937); salesman (Launceston, 1943); draper (Launceston, 1949-1968)

* [[/Eric John Wright|Wright, Eric John]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXHG-P2G] - 1904(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4DY Brisbane (Annerley, 1936-1939; Windsor, 1947; Buranda, 1948; Annerley, 1954; Buranda, 1955-1956; Ekibin, 1960-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1816, 1936, Qld; 3COCP 1471, 1953 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: turner (Annerley, Qld, 1937-1943; Annerley, Qld, 1949); waterside worker (Ekibin, Qld, 1963)

* [[/Frederick Harold Wright|Wright, Frederick Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF95-LW1] - 1910(Eng)-1972(WA) - Licences: 6FR Perth (Buckland Hill, 1936-1937; Mosman Park, 1938-1939, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1809, 1936, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: printer (Buckland Hill, WA, 1936; Mosman Park, WA, 1943-1963) 

* [[/Norman Hugh Wright|Wright, Norman Hugh]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G536-XM7] - 1885(NSW)-1959(NSW) - Licences: XFQ Sydney (Mosman, 1912-1914) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - early wireless experimenter - Electoral Rolls: shunter (Earlwood, NSW, 1930-1958)

* [[/William Wright|Wright, William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L1WG-PLV] - 1893(Vic)-1975(Vic) - Licences: Nil yet identified - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 323, 1927, Vic - amateur operator?; amateur broadcaster? - Electoral Rolls: driver (Terang, Vic, 1914-1963)

* [[/William Henry Hilsdon Wright|Wright, William Henry Hilsdon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GDVF-RKL] - 1905(Qld)-1967(Qld) - Licences: 4FA Toowoomba (1924) - Qualifications: cc; Nil yet identified - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: school teacher (Murrays Creek, 1930; Ballandean, 1937-1949); teacher (Toowoomba, 1954-1963)

===''WYLE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Albert John Hemingway Wyle|Wyle, Albert John Hemingway]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3J-6L7] - 1913(WA)-1990(WA) - Licences: 6BW Perth (Shenton Park, 1937-1939; Nedlands, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1865, 1937, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: radio salesman (Nedlands, WA, 1943-1968); salesman (Dalkeith, WA, 1972-1980)

===''WYNNE''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Agar Wynne|Wynne, Agar]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LZ4J-6CN] - 1850(Eng)-1934(Vic) - senior federal politician (Postmaster-General, 1913-1914)
* [[/Alfred Percy Wynne|Wynne, Alfred Percy]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L858-Q52] - 1885(Qld)-1966(Qld) - proprietor music business (Wynne's Music, Maryborough), proprietor broadcasting station (4MB Maryborough) - Electoral Rolls: piano tuner (Paddington, Qld, 1908; Mooloolah, Qld, 1909); commercial traveller (Mooloolah, Qld, 1912); piano tuner (Maryborough, Qld, 1913); salesman (Brisbane, Qld, 1916-1917; Mooloolah, Qld, 1919; Maryborough, Qld, 1919-1925); music store proprietor (Maryborough, Qld, 1928-1949); business manager (Maryborough, Qld, 1963)

=='''X'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld -amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

=='''Y'''==
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
===''YATES''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yates|Yates, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Arthur Gladstone Yates|Yates, Arthur Gladstone]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GPZQ-6WH] - 1908(NSW)-19??(???) - Licences: 2ZP Inverell (1931-1936); 2ZP Sydney (Camperdown, 1937); 2ZP Inverell (1938-1939, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 815, 1931, No. ?? in NSW; BOCP 265, 1939 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Inverell, NSW, 1943-1958); radio serviceman (Inverell, NSW, 1963-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Gordon Yates|Yates, Kenneth Gordon]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-CJ3] - 1910(SA)-2000(SA) - Licences: 5RP Adelaide (Cottonville, 1939, 1947-1954; Westbourne Park, 1955-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2371, 1939, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: toolmaker (Cottonville, SA, 1939-1943) 

* [[/Reginald Colin Yates|Yates, Reginald Colin]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GXRW-QX6] - 1914(SA)-1984(NSW) - Licences: 5RY Wyalla (1935-1937); 2AGZ Wollongong (1938-1939, 1947); 2AGZ Sydney (Mosman, 1948-1950); 2AGZ Broken Hill (1954-1957); 2AGZ Newcastle (Hamilton, 1958-1961; Charlestown, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1474, 1935, SA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1943); electrical engineer (Mosman, NSW, 1949); engineer (Wollongong, NSW, 1954); chartered electrical engineer (Merewether, NSW, 1958); professional engineer (Charlestown, NSW, 1968-1980)

===''YEATES''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Henry Melville Yeates|Yeates, Henry Melville]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G698-PXG] - 1912(Tas)-1980(???) - Licences: 7HY Launceston (1936-1939, 1948-1956) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1621, 1936, No. ?? in Tas - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: mechanic (Launceston, 1936-1937); electrical contractor (Launceston, 1949-1954); salesman (Mosman, NSW, 1958-1977)

===''YORSTON''===
&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;
* [[/Ernest Sutherland Yorston|Yorston, Ernest Sutherland]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZY8-46D] - 1909(Vic)-1971(Vic) - Licences: 3ES Melbourne (Caulfield, 1926-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 299, 1926, No. ?? in Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Caulfield, Vic, 1931-1937); sales (Caulfield, Vic, 1942; Elsternwick, Vic, 1949); manufacturer (Caulfield, Vic, 1954-1963); director (Oakleigh, Vic, 1967-1968)

===''YOUNG''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Young|Young, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Alan Robert Arthur Young|Young, Alan Robert Arthur]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9CV7-R6T] - 1912(Vic)-1982(Vic) - Licences: 3YA Melbourne (Moonee Ponds, 1937-1939; North Essendon, 1947-1948; Glenroy, 1954-1955) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1924, 1937, Vic; 2COCP 237, 1939; 1COCP 349, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: sales (Monee Ponds, Vic, 1934-1937); wireless operator (Moonee Ponds, Vic, 1942); radio technician (Essendon, Vic, 1949); electrician (Frankston, Vic, 1958-1963); textiler (Geelong, Vic, 1963-1980)

* [[/Crawford Addison Young|Young, Crawford Addison]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GF3C-DQT] - 1914(WA)-1971(WA) - Licences: 6CY Perth (Fremantle, 1934-1939, 1947-1969) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1265, 1934, WA - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Fremantle, WA, 1936-1937; South Fremantle, WA, 1943-1968)

* [[/Geoffrey Carl Young|Young, Geoffrey Carl]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G5HD-8W5] - 1912(NSW)-1998(NSW) - Licences: 2FN Newcastle (New Lambton, 1933; CBD, 1934-1936); 2FN Orange (1937-1939) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1124, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: shop assistant (New Lambton, NSW, 1934; Newcastle, NSW, 1935); radio mechanic (Orange, NSW, 1936-1937); manager (Newcastle, NSW, 1943-1949; Hamilton, NSW, 1954-1980)

* [[/Horace Stewart Young|Young, Horace Stewart]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GGH6-K25] - 1921(WA)-2011(NSW) - Licences: 2AMZ Sydney (Petersham, 1939, 1946-1947; Dulwich Hill, 1948; Narwee, 1950-1961; Bexley, 1965-1975); 2AMZ Woy Woy (1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2342, 1939, NSW; COCP2 1063, 1946; COCP1 1149, 1947 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAN, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: RAN (Dulwich Hill, NSW, 1943); PMG employee (Narwee, NSW, 1949-1954); radio inspector (Beverley Hills, NSW, 1958-1963); public servant (Inaloo, WA, 1963; Bexley, NSW, 1968; Oakleigh South, Vic, 1972-1977); ?? (Woy Woy, NSW, 1980)

* [[/Ian Neville Campbell Young|Young, Ian Neville Campbell]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GR81-5G8] - 1917(NSW)-1993(NSW) - Licences: 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1936-1939, 1946-1954); 2OS Muswellbrook (1955-1958); 2OS Maitland (Thornton, 1960-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1664, 1936, NSW; BOCP 119, 1937 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: laboratory assistant (Ashfield, NSW, 1943); radio engineer (Thornton, NSW, 1949-1980)

* [[/Ivan Harold Young|Young, Ivan Harold]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L118-BVF] - 1910(Qld)-2000(Qld) - Licences: 4YG Brisbane (Albion) (1930-1939); 4YH Brisbane (Mitchelton) (1969-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 708, 1930, No. ?? in Qld; BOCP 315, 1940 - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; radio technician (Mission Control Station, Thursday Island) - Electoral Rolls: nil (Albion, 1931-1937); public servant (Newmarket, 1943; Mitchelton, 1949-1980)

* [[/James Lyle Young|Young, James Lyle &quot;Jim&quot;]] - 1897(Vic)-1945(Vic) - Licences: 2CH Receive Corowa (1922); 2JL Corowa (1926-1927); 2JL Coolamon (1929-1939) - Qualifications: cc; CPRT 473, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken) - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; wireless student (1918); WW1 (Applied, not called up) - Electoral Rolls: student (Toorak, Vic, 1919); grazier (Coolamon, NSW, 1930-1937); farmer (East Doncaster, Vic, 1943)

* [[/James Wolstenholme Young|Young, James Wolstenholme]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L2TQ-Z2R] - 1909(NSW)-1995(NSW) - Licences: 2JY Sydney (Turramurra, 1925-1934; Roseville, 1938-1939); 2JY Katoomba (1946); 2JY Sydney (Mona Vale, 1947-1948; Willoughby, 1950-1961; Middle Cove, 1965-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 189, 1925, No. ?? in NSW - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: articled clerk (Turramurra, 1932-1934), solicitor (Roseville, 1937; Katoomba, 1943; Willoughby, 1954-1977)

* [[/John William Young|Young, John William]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L6RN-2XX] - 1906(Qld)-1981(Qld) - Licences: 4JY Brisbane (Rosalie, 1931; Sandgate, 1933; Rosalie, 1938; Coorparoo, 1946-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 752, 1931, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: storeman (Rosalie, 1931); clerk (Sandgate, 1936); storeman (Rosalie, 1937; Coorparoo, 1943-1963); commercial traveller (Coorparoo, 1968-1980)

* [[/Kenneth Walter Young|Young, Kenneth Walter]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LRZ5-Y2S] - 1920(Vic)-2016(Vic)96yo - Licences: 3AKY Melbourne (South Yarra, 1947-1955; Elwood, 1956-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2424, 1939, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Nil yet identified) - Electoral Rolls: soldier (South Yarra, Vic, 1949); grocer (St Kilda, Vic, 1963-1968; Elwood, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/Laurence George Young|Young, Laurence George]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GNH6-2J6] - 1908(Vic)-1992(Vic) - Licences: 3JN Melbourne (Murrumbeena, 1932-1933; Camberwell, 1937; East Malvern, 1938-1939; Burwood, 1947-1960) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1032, 1932, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 - Electoral Rolls: plasterer (Sandringham, Vic, 1934; Gardiner, Vic, 1937); fibro plasterer (Surrey Hills, Vic, 1943); manufacturer (Box Hill, Vic, 1949-1954); builder (Springvale North, Vic, 1963-1968; Mulgrave, Vic, 1972-1980)

* [[/William Anderson Young|Young, William Anderson]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/G89P-B3K] - 1897(Sct)-1956(Qld) - Licences: 4WA Brisbane (West End, 1927-1931) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 330, 1927, No. 34 in Qld - amateur operator, amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: boot employee (West End, 1925-1937); bootmaker (Ashgrove, 1943-1954)

===''YOUNGER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Younger|Younger, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/George Henry Younger|Younger or Yungherr (Electoral Rolls) or Jungherr, George Henry]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LYX1-ZV7] - 1900(Qld)-1968(NSW) - Licences: 2YO Pelaw Main (1933-1939, 1946-1965) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 1102, 1933, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: wheeler (Pelaw Main, NSW, 1949-1968)

===''YUILE''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Yuile|Yuile, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Robert Henry Thomas Yuile|Yuile, Robert Henry Thomas]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GLQX-3DN] - 1907(NSW)-2000(NSW) - Licences: 2HU Sydney (Granville, 1939, 1946-1965; Baulkham Hills, 1969); 2HU Pretty Beach (1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2408, 1939, NSW - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: electrician (Granville, NSW, 1930-1937); fitter (Granville, NSW, 1943-1958); supervisor (Baulkham Hills, NSW, 1968); retired (Pretty Beach, NSW, 1980)

=='''Z'''==

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Browne|Browne, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

===''ZANDER''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zander|Zander, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Albert Charles Andrew Zander|Zander, Albert Charles Andrew]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBP2-Z3F] - 1910(Vic)-1989(Vic) - Licences: 3PG Melbourne (Doncaster, 1947-1980+) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2175, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (Army, 2AIF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: orchardist (Doncaster, Vic, 1931-1963); retired (Doncaster, Vic, 1968-1980)

===''ZECH''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zech|Zech, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/William James Zech|Zech, William James]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GZDZ-YJG] - 1893(Eng)-1973(NSW) - Licences: XABQ Sydney (Annandale, 1912-1914); 2DL Sydney (Annandale, 1922, Receive); 2WZ Sydney (Annandale, 1925-1927; Ashfield, 1928-1930; Stanmore, 1933-1934); 2ACP Sydney (Enmore, 1937; Como, 1938); 2ACP Katoomba 1939 &amp; 1946-1975) - Qualifications: cc;  CPRT 424, 1919 (Marconi, Telefunken); no record of AOCP - early wireless experimenter; ship wireless operator; amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: clerk (Ashfield, NSW, 1930); mechanic (Petersham, NSW, 1933-1934); casual worker (Katoomba, NSW, 1954-1958); no occupation (Katoomba, NSW, 1963-1968) - TroveTag: &quot;XABQ-2DL-2WZ-2ACP - William James Zech&quot;

===''ZEUNERT''===

&lt;!-- * [[/Robert Zeunert|Zeunert, Robert &quot;Bob&quot;]] - 19??(???)-19??(???) - Licences: 4?? Brisbane - Qualifications: AOCP ??, 19??, No. ?? in Qld - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster - Electoral Rolls: --&gt;

* [[/Stanley Ivan Zeunert|Zeunert, Stanley Ivan]] [https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/GBVX-Q15] - 1921(Vic)-1997(Vic) - Licences: 3SZ Hamilton (1938-1939); 3SZ Melbourne (Carnegie, 1947-1954; Glenroy, 1955-1969; Glen Waverley, 1975-1980) - Qualifications: cc; AOCP 2124, 1938, Vic - amateur operator; amateur broadcaster; WW2 (RAAF, 1939-1948; Army, CMF, 1939-1948) - Electoral Rolls: labourer's assistant (Oakleigh, Vic, 1949-1954); radio engineer (Broadmeadows, Vic, 1963-1967; Glen Waverley, Vic, 1972-1980)

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ljogifc79v0p7tlyfznde4okw31oe25</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Talk:COSTP World History Project</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>402922</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448881</id>
      <parentid>3482737</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:28:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* A New Millenium &gt; A New Millennium ? */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4448881</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="328" sha1="j50bxywosjhka11yzavfg8252mv197s" xml:space="preserve">Collaborative learning:
It is an approach to writing through technology.

== A New Millenium &gt; A New Millennium ?  ==

A New Millenium &gt; A New Millennium ? [[User:R. Henrik Nilsson|R. Henrik Nilsson]] ([[User talk:R. Henrik Nilsson|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/R. Henrik Nilsson|contribs]]) 18:28, 2 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>j50bxywosjhka11yzavfg8252mv197s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Editing/Notes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>406345</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448890</id>
      <parentid>4447747</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:58:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1990s */</comment>
      <origin>4448890</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="121533" sha1="g03x5e4ocjrgn3rsuwjg5nwigdj3qtl" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==6ML Perth - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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4KR J. K. Richardson planning to test with 4DO Harold Hobler
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. '''Hobler''', Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=29 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO details his reception of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns). &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=29 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1996====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1996 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1997====

=====1997 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1995 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1997 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1998====

=====1998 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1998 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1999====

=====1999 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====1999 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

===2000s===

&lt;!-- Photo for possible inclusion in article --&gt;
&lt;!-- Map for possible inclusion in article --&gt;
&lt;!-- Relevant quote but not sufficiently important for inclusion in Wikipedia article --&gt;
&lt;!-- Relevant quote but not sufficiently important for inclusion in Wikipedia article, excepting supporting staff listing --&gt;
&lt;!-- Fascinating quote which should only be slightly trimmed down for inclusion in Wikipedia article --&gt;

====2000====

=====2000 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2000 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====2001====

=====2001 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2001 08=====
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=====2001 09=====
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=====2001 10=====
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=====2001 11=====
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=====2001 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====2002====

=====2002 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 08=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 09=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 11=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2002 12=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====2003====

=====2003 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 08=====
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=====2003 09=====
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=====2003 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2003 11=====
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=====2003 12=====
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====2004====

=====2004 01=====
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=====2004 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 04=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 05=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 06=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 07=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 08=====
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=====2004 09=====
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=====2004 10=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2004 11=====
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=====2004 12=====
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====2005====

=====2005 01=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2005 02=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2005 03=====
&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

=====2005 04=====
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=====2005 05=====
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====2006====

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====2007====

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====2008====

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====2009====

=====2009 01=====
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===2010s===

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====2010====

=====2010 01=====
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====2011====

=====2011 01=====
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=====2011 02=====
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====2012====

=====2012 01=====
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====2013====

=====2013 01=====
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====2014====

=====2014 01=====
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====2015====

=====2015 01=====
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====2016====

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====2017====

=====2017 01=====
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=====2015 06=====
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====2018====

=====2018 01=====
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====2019====

=====2019 01=====
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=====2019 07=====
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=====2019 08=====
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=====2019 12=====
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===2020s===

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==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>g03x5e4ocjrgn3rsuwjg5nwigdj3qtl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448892</id>
      <parentid>4448890</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:02:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1990s */</comment>
      <origin>4448892</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="118593" sha1="fni8edhtv7yemuwamlqbwdarz7rllvf" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==6ML Perth - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1820s===

====1820====

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&lt;!-- Photo for possible inclusion in article --&gt;
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====1882====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1883====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1884====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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====1885====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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====1886====

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=====1886 04=====
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====1887====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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====1888====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

====1889====

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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&lt;!-- &lt;blockquote&gt;'''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; --&gt;

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4KR J. K. Richardson planning to test with 4DO Harold Hobler
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. '''Hobler''', Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=29 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO details his reception of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns). &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=29 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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====2009====

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===2010s===

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====2010====

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====2011====

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====2012====

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====2013====

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====2014====

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====2015====

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==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>fni8edhtv7yemuwamlqbwdarz7rllvf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Transport/Modes of transport</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>412786</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448883</id>
      <parentid>3992081</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:29:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>millenium &gt; millennium</comment>
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==Air==
[[File:Cablecar.zellamsee.500pix.jpg|thumb|Cable car - what mode?]]
Air transport is the most modern transport. It was the last to be invented, commercially viable and popularised. An early non-commercial example was Chinese lanterns in antiquity. It is divided between lighter-than-air transport and heavier-than-air transport. Since the twentieth century it is known as aviation. Jet aircraft entered commercial use and replaced predecessors in the postwar era. Cable car transport uses land infrastructure but transportation in the air suspended from a cable. Space transport could also be loosely considered a form of air transport.
==Water==
Water transport is the oldest vehicular transport. For most of history it was the fastest transport mode especially for freight. It involves the oldest artificial man-made infrastructure in the form of canals first constructed for river transport (as opposed to just irrigation) in Ancient China in the 8th to 5th Centuries BCE. But also, it operates on natural rivers and seas as far back as the canoes constructed by the Austronesian peoples in the 6th millennium BCE. Oceans were first reliably crossed in the Middle Ages technology applied to ships. Seaplanes use water infrastructure for air transport.
==Land==
Land transport is the oldest form of transport as it includes walking. It includes road transport, rail transport and street infrastructure such as steps and rural infrastructure such as trails.
==Questions==
Is there a case for a cable-car to be land transport?
What mode is a tram, road or rail? What mode is a trackless train, road or rail? What mode is autonomous rail rapid transit? What mode is a hovercraft? What mode is a maglev?

==References==
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    <title>Canadian Refugee Procedure/History of refugee procedure in Canada</title>
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      <text bytes="334031" sha1="1ny8gc6z2z0slsrkaq5kjmrwutppgnt" xml:space="preserve">== History of asylum and the concept of sanctuary ==
In both the international and Canadian contexts, the very existence of a refugee determination system is a recent development. Since time immemorial, people have moved to flee persecution, war, religious intolerance, governmental instability, and criminal sanction. However, it is only in the twentieth century in which the international community began to respond to such persons on the move in the organized fashion that entailed the creation of a  refugee status determination system.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 13.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The word &quot;asylum&quot; is younger than its concept and practice.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot;&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 11.&lt;/ref&gt; Eve Lester states that flight and requests for hospitality and asylum are concepts as old as life itself.&lt;ref name=&quot;:33&quot;&gt;Eve Lester, Australian responses to refugee journeys: Matters of perspective and context, in Jordana Silverstein and Rachel Stevens ''Refugee Journals: Histories of Resettlement, Representation, and Resistance'', Feb. 4, 2021, ANU Press, &lt;https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/47330/book.pdf?sequence=1&gt; (Accessed March 20, 2021), at page 26.&lt;/ref&gt; There are myriad examples of such population movements. Around 1280 BCE the Egyptians and Hittites agreed to a pact that provided for extradition: it stipulated that people who fled from one jurisdiction to the other had to be returned, and would not be granted asylum, but that in such cases the returned refugee would not be punished in their homeland.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum : A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 1995, page 36.&lt;/ref&gt; In 721 BCE, after the Assyrian King Sargon II conquered Israel and its capital Samaria, tens of thousands of Israelites were banished and spread across the lands of the Assyrian Empire, eventually assimilating with the locals.&lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot;&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 110.&lt;/ref&gt; In 375 CE the Roman Emperor Valens granted asylum to thousands of Goths who were fleeing tribes of Huns who had invaded their territory.&lt;ref name=&quot;:72&quot; /&gt; Later examples include the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492: in March 1492, the Alhambra Decree was issued, which ordered all the Spanish Jews to either baptize or to leave Spain within four months. As a result, more than a hundred thousand Jews left Spain and took refuge in Portugal, France, the Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire, and other places.&lt;ref&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 111.&lt;/ref&gt; At that point, Sultan Bayezid II sent the Ottoman Navy to Spain in order to safely evacuate Jews to Ottoman lands.&lt;ref&gt;Egger, Vernon O. (2008). ''A History of the Muslim World Since 1260: The Making of a Global Community''. Prentice Hall. p. 82. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-13-226969-8&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; During the reign of Mary Tudor from 1553 to 1558, a Queen known as &quot;Bloody Mary&quot; by her Protestant opponents, 30,000 Englishmen fled to Holland,&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 38.&lt;/ref&gt; while yet more fled to other parts of Europe such as the free city of Frankfurt.&lt;ref name=&quot;:92&quot;&gt;Mayes D. Strange brethren. Refugees, religious bonds, and reformation in Frankfurt, 1554–1608. By Maximilian Miguel Scholz. (Studies in Early Modern German History.) Pp. xvi + 246 incl. 8 ills and 1 map. Charlottesville, Va–London: University of Virginia Press, 2022. £39.95. 978 0 8139 4675 7. ''The Journal of Ecclesiastical History''. 2024;75(2):380-382. doi:10.1017/S0022046924000277&lt;/ref&gt; Other mass population movements occurred to escape instability, as when many English escaped to France during the Interregnum of 1649-1660.&lt;ref&gt;Hazal Barbaros, ''Post Tenebras Lux: The Huguenot Diaspora in Early Modern London and its Reflections in Refugee Wills'', Master’s Thesis, August 2021, Department of History, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, Ankara, &lt;http://repository.bilkent.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/11693/76474/10412602.pdf?sequence=1&gt; (Accessed August 28, 2021), page 8 of document.&lt;/ref&gt;

Historically, asylum and sanctuary were associated with particular places where, upon reaching them, an individual was inviolable and beyond the reach of the law. Such places included altars, temples, churches, particular cities, and ships.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot; /&gt; Ancient Greece, for example, had a strictly governed system for offering sanctuary at dedicated shrines.&lt;ref&gt;Laura Madokoro, ''On public sanctuary: exploring the nature of refuge in precarious times,'' in Dauvergne, C. (ed), ''Research handbook on the law and politics of migration'', April 2021, ISBN: 9781789902259, page 96.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, the word &quot;asylum&quot; dates from this time and its roots in the Greek word ''asylia'' refer to the notion of someone who cannot or should not be seized.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN  9781503627888, page 27.&lt;/ref&gt; Specifically, the verb ''asylao'' means to violate or lay waste, while the adjective ''asylos/asylon'' represents the opposite, namely, that which is inviolable.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot; /&gt; For its part, the Hebrew word ''miqlat'' describes special cities set aside for asylum or refuge.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot; /&gt; The Book of Numbers describes six designated cities, the ''arei miqlat'', or &quot;cities of refuge&quot;, at which someone who had killed unintentially could find security until the death of the reigning High Preist.&lt;ref&gt;Chapter 35 of the Book of Numbers, as cited in W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum : A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 1995, page 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Ecclesiastical asylum existed throughout Western Europe during the Middle Ages.&lt;ref&gt;Behrman, S. (2018). Law and Asylum: Space, Subject, Resistance (1st ed.). Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730348&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 31.&lt;/ref&gt; It transferred the sacredness of the biblical altar to its own realm and granted the right of asylum to those who sought refuge in churches or monasteries.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum : A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 1995, page 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Church asylum differed from that described by the Hebrew Bible in that it was extended even to those who had committed crimes with intent. 

While this text focuses on what might be termed the Western and North American traditions of asylum, asylum has existed as an ancient practice throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;Behrman, S. (2018). ''Law and Asylum: Space, Subject, Resistance'' (1st ed.). Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730348&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; Gil Loescher states that every major world religion contains teachings on the importance of providing protection to those in need.&lt;ref&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, page 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Migration is a major theme of the Jewish Torah and rabbinical scholars have argued that the concept of ''non-refoulement'' has an analogue in ancient biblical Jewish legal principles of refugee protection.&lt;ref&gt;Gilad Ben-Nun, ''Migration and Society: Advances in Research'' 4 (2021): 124–136, doi:10.3167/arms.2021.040112, at page 126.&lt;/ref&gt; Deuteronomy 23:16, for example, inveighs: &quot;''You shall not turn over to his master a slave who seeks refuge with you from his master. He shall live with you in any place he may choose among the settlements in your midst, wherever he pleases; you must not ill-treat him.''&quot; There are a number of references in the Bible to sanctuary for the oppressed and needy,&lt;ref&gt;Deuteronomy 10:19, 19:1–13, 23:16–17, 24:17–18; Exodus 21:12–14, 22:21, 23:9; Leviticus 19:33–34; Numbers 35:9–34, as cited in Behrman, S. (2018). Law and Asylum: Space, Subject, Resistance (1st ed.). Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730348&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; and it is said that the New Testament tells of Jesus and his family as refugees who were accepted in Egypt.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot; /&gt; Islam also continued older traditions of asylum from the Arab civilizations that existed prior to the seventh century.&lt;ref name=&quot;:74&quot;&gt;Behrman, S. (2018). ''Law and Asylum: Space, Subject, Resistance'' (1st ed.). Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730348&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 4.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, Islam dates its birth to the exile of the Prophet Mohammad to Medina, where the Prophet and his followers took refuge after facing persecution from the rulers of Mecca.&lt;ref name=&quot;:61&quot;&gt;John Aku Ambi, ''Appraisal of The Principle of Burden-Sharing in Refugee Protection'', NAUJILJ 12(2) 21, &lt;https://www.ajol.info/index.php/naujilj/article/download/215310/203063&gt; (Accessed October 9, 2021), page 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Islam then codified asylum into law in a way that was consistent with the duty the Quran places on Muslims to offer asylum to all.&lt;ref name=&quot;:74&quot; /&gt; It is said that normally a request for ''dijwar'' (protection) had to be accepted (Quran 9:6), but how long it would last was not covered by any hard or fast rules.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum : A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 1995, page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; China has its own traditions of asylum dating back thousands of years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:93&quot;&gt;Bassiouni MC, International Extradition and World Public Order (AW Sijthoff, 1974), 88.&lt;/ref&gt; The Chinese also concluded a number of treaties dealing with fugitives and strangers, for example in 544 BCE, the prince of Cheng concluded a treaty with a coalition of princes who had invaded his territories that specified that in future fugitives from justice would be surrendered.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum : A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 1995, page 37.&lt;/ref&gt; There are also many recorded Chinese examples of the acceptance of forced or voluntary exiles by other nations involving members of the nobility and royal households.&lt;ref&gt;Regarding Chinese examples dating from the eighth century BCE: Roswell S. Britton, ''Chinese Interstate Intercourse Before 700 BC,''  The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 29, No. 4 (Oct., 1935), pp. 616-635 (20 pages), at 616ff, as cited in W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 51, at endnote 7.&lt;/ref&gt; India, too, has its own traditions of asylum dating back thousands of years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:93&quot; /&gt; For example, when Jewish people fled pogroms in Persia in 1839, they found refuge in the Sikh Empire city of  Rawalpindi.&lt;ref&gt;Dr. Yvette Alt Miller, ''When Jews Found Refuge in the Sikh Empire'', September 3, 2023, &lt;https://aish.com/when-jews-found-refuge-in-the-sikh-empire/&gt; (Accessed May 12, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt; The Aztecs are also said to have had a tradition of offering asylum.&lt;ref name=&quot;:90&quot; /&gt; Behrman notes that some have argued that the Southern African philosophy of ''ubuntu'', which emphasizes a collective approach to human rights and which focuses on the needs of the most vulnerable in society, contains a principle of hospitality to the stranger above and beyond the notion of asylum as commonly understood in the Global North.&lt;ref name=&quot;:74&quot; /&gt; 

== History of the concept of the refugee ==
As discussed above, victims of circumstance forced to seek sanctuary in foreign lands have been known throughout history.&lt;ref name=&quot;:86&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Ottawa: Studies in Social Policy, Institute for Research on Public Policy, page 88.&lt;/ref&gt; This phenomenon has been referred to through a number of terms, including refuge, migration, exodus, asylum, sanctuary, fugitives, exiles, and ''émigrés.'' The specific term 'refugee' is of a more recent pedigree, having been first coined in the 1600s in France. The concept's genealogy is entwined with the emergence of the modern view of state sovereignty at that time in Europe. This section traces the history of these two concepts and how the refugees of the 17th century differed from earlier exiles and moving persons.

The world today is divided into sovereign states. All individuals are to be organized into populations and divided territorially amongst these states. In this way, the international state system is both a way of organizing political power, and also a means of organizing people.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 48.&lt;/ref&gt; It was with the Treaty of Westphalia of 1648 that the inter-state legal and political relationships which undergird this system were first established, and the feudal society of the medieval world was superseded by this modern society of sovereign territorial states.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 49.&lt;/ref&gt; Key concepts of modern international relations emerged at this point, including the inviolability and fixity of borders and non-interference in the domestic affairs of foreign sovereign states. In this way, the concept of state sovereignty that emerged with the Peace of Westphalia helped build the modern concept of the state which partitions the world into a vast juxtaposition of independent territorial units.&lt;ref&gt;Chetail, V. (2019). ''International Migration Law''. London, England: Oxford University Press, page 16.&lt;/ref&gt; One of the facets of this system was that territory was consolidated, unified, and centralized under a sovereign government and the population of the territory now owed final allegiance to this sovereign. The sovereign state could demand, among other things, religious and linguistic conformity to ensure such allegiance.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 50.&lt;/ref&gt;

Within a few decades of the Peace of Westphalia, the term “refugee” was coined. The word refugee can be traced to its origins in the French word ''réfugié'' that was used to identify the Huguenots, hundreds of thousands&lt;ref&gt;Reports of the number of people who left France at this time vary. Julia Morris cites a figure of 1 million in Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 4. 

Emma Haddad writes &quot;From the 1670s to the start of the eighteenth century it is estimated that between 200,000 and 500,000 French Protestants left France as refugees to seek protection abroad&quot; in Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351 at page 52. 

Aleshkovski, et. al., write: &quot;By the time the Edict of Nantes was cancelled, there were approximately 800 thousand Protestants in France. The vast majority was forced to leave France for Britain, the Nether- lands, Switzerland, and German States.&quot; in Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 113.

In contrast, Hazal Barbaros writes: “The number of immigrants varies according to sources. To begin with, the total number of members of the Reformed Church of France is estimated to be around 900,000. Some sources indicate that the most likely number of emigrants is 200,000 approximately, whereas the others give hyper-inflated figures like 800,000 which basically means France was deprived of nearly the whole of its Protestant population. Concerning those who chose England as their destination, the number is approximated to be between 40,000 to 50,000.” See Hazal Barbaros, ''Post Tenebras Lux: The Huguenot Diaspora in Early Modern London and its Reflections in Refugee Wills'', Master’s Thesis, August 2021, Department of History, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, Ankara, &lt;http://repository.bilkent.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/11693/76474/10412602.pdf?sequence=1&gt; (Accessed August 28, 2021), pages 9-10 of document.&lt;/ref&gt; of Reformed Protestant French migrants who escaped the French Catholic monarch to move to non-Catholic European countries&lt;ref&gt;Melanie Baak, Once a Refugee, Always a Refugee? The haunting of the refugee label in resettlement, in Jordana Silverstein and Rachel Stevens ''Refugee Journals: Histories of Resettlement, Representation, and Resistance'', Feb. 4, 2021, ANU Press, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/47330/book.pdf?sequence=1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed March 20, 2021), at page 56.&lt;/ref&gt; around the time of Louis XIV’s revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.&lt;ref&gt;Hazal Barbaros, ''Post Tenebras Lux: The Huguenot Diaspora in Early Modern London and its Reflections in Refugee Wills'', Master’s Thesis, August 2021, Department of History, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, Ankara, page 7 of document. &lt;/ref&gt; This edict had previously allowed Protestant Huguenots to practice their religion openly.&lt;ref&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, page 23.&lt;/ref&gt; With the revocation of the edict, the legal guarantees that had protected Protestant religious practice in France for a century ended. Calvinist churches were destroyed, Ministers were forcibly exiled, Protestants were forced to convert, and restrictions were put in place on their access to public office and the professions.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351 at page 52.&lt;/ref&gt; The term &quot;refugee&quot; was adopted into the English language as these Huguenots arrived in England.&lt;ref name=&quot;:60&quot;&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Protestants in New France were similarly affected - forced to either abjure Protestantism, return to France, or leave for an English Protestant colony in the new world.&lt;ref&gt;Jaenen, Cornelius J.. &quot;Huguenots&quot;. ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', 16 December 2013, ''Historica Canada''. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/huguenots. Accessed 06 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;  

What arguably distinguishes the phenomenon of the refugee from the earlier exiles and moving persons was how their movements interacted with the newly emergent state system. In this way, it is no coincidence that the term &quot;refugee&quot; emerged at this time in the 17th century alongside the rise of the modern conception of the state. Indeed, Harsha Walia labels the very concept of an asylum seeker a &quot;state-centric taxonomy only possible because of a prevailing assumption of the border as a legitimate institution of governance&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Albeit she is referring to the related term of “asylum seeker” in this quote. See: Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; As Betts and Collier argue, what was new post-Peace of Westphalia was the way that governments began to conceive of themselves as being able to govern refugee movements.&lt;ref&gt;Betts, Alexander, and Paul Collier. ''Refuge: Rethinking Refugee Policy in a Changing World''. 2017: New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Page 36.&lt;/ref&gt; This raised two principal questions: when could states offer refuge, and when could would-be refugees expect it? 

The question of when and whether states could offer refuge was hotly contested. Many states considered it within their power to prohibit emigration. For example, after the arrival of hundreds of thousands of Jews from Spain and Portugal in the 1490s, Sultan Bayezid II of the Ottoman Empire prohibited Jewish emigration from his lands on the grounds that it would create a significant loss both to the economy and the treasury of the Sultan.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 49.&lt;/ref&gt; Historically, and as discussed below in the section on pre-Confederation Canada, the institutions of slavery and servitude were also major restrictions on the right to move in any direction. As the Huguenots fled France in the 1600s, Louis XIV demanded that these &quot;traitors&quot; be returned on the grounds that most had left France without his permission. When the Swiss failed to execute an order repatriating these refugees, relations between Switzerland and France deteriorated, and the French threatened the Swiss with war.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 41.&lt;/ref&gt; Ultimately, most Huguenot refugees who went to Geneva were denied citizenship - probably because the authorities feared that the French would retaliate for such an &quot;offence&quot; - and the Swiss began to urge the refugees to seek permanent asylum elsewhere. In the end, no armed conflict between France and Switzerland took place.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Nonetheless, the question of the right of states to offer refuge, and states' ability to restrict departures, persisted as a cause of inter-state discord. From the 1840s, the right of states to offer refuge became more clearly defined. After the repression of the Hungarian uprising of 1848 by the Hapsburgs, many Hungarians fled to the Ottoman Empire (Turkey). Russia (which had a role in suppressing the uprising) and Austria requested the refugees' refoulement. Turkey replied that its honour was at stake, as well as the humanity of the Sultan, and since both France and the United States sided with Turkey, Russia and Austria relented.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 39.&lt;/ref&gt;

The other question that emerged at this time was when could would-be refugees expect to receive refuge. Rebecca Hamlin contrasts the concept of the refugee, which entails crossing an international border and appealing to a state for protection, with practices from earlier in European history when appeals for protection could be made to families, individuals, and religious leaders, not just states.&lt;ref name=&quot;:60&quot; /&gt; For the most part, the question of who could avail themselves of refuge was not seriously explored. It went without saying that one could only seek refuge among those willing to offer hospitality; for example, when protestants fled England for Frankfurt in the 1550s, an initial embrace of the refugees shortly gave way to unease at their growing number and an eventual ban on the refugees’ form of worship, which caused many to move on to more hospitable locales.&lt;ref name=&quot;:92&quot; /&gt; As will be detailed below, it was not until 1920 that there was a serious concern with delimiting the scope of the term refugee and which individuals might be entitled to such status.&lt;ref name=&quot;:86&quot; /&gt; Emma Haddad sets out this evolution in more detail and argues that the phenomenon of the &quot;refugee&quot; that emerged alongside the state system, and developed into the twentieth century, came to be marked by its new scale, bureaucratized processes, clear definitions of insiders and outsiders occasioned by newly locked borders and assumptions about the nation state being the proper home for individuals, and the lack of obvious receiving countries as national identities increasingly superseded religious ones.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 62.&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Refugee and population movements in pre-confederation Canada ==  

Turning to Canada, (im)migration processes, of various sorts, including ones involving the search for refuge, have long been present in this territory. Asking about the history of refugee processes in Canada’s territory raises an ontological question about who should qualify as a refugee when one looks at population flows of centuries past. To the extent that refugees may be regarded as those with experiences marked by discrimination, displacement across borders, a severing of the bond between the individual and their government, and an overriding apprehension of persecution in their home community, persons meeting such criteria have a long history in this land. That said, the concept of the refugee is indeed a modern one, as described above, and applying it to population movements of pre-confederation Canada is surely anachronistic. In Rebecca Hamlin's words, &quot;to look back and place a refugee/migrant binary onto crossings of the past does not accurately reflect the realities of those events.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 29.&lt;/ref&gt; It is nonetheless appropriate to review (not erase) the history of population movements in the territory of Canada, both indigenous and colonial, and to chart how the contemporary concept of the refugee has been deeply linked with the modern colonial state. Indeed, it is argued that if it insufficiently highlights such linkages, migration studies scholarship may complicit in a “willing amnesia” that “imagines away” First Nations’ claims and rights.&lt;ref&gt;Stephanie J. Silverman, Immigration Detention in Canada: Concepts and Controversies, Forced Migration in/to Canada: From Colonization to Refugee Resettlement, Edited by Christina R. Clark-Kazak, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9780228022176&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 298.&lt;/ref&gt;     

To start, movement and displacement of persons in the territory of Canada is not new. Some First Nations were highly itinerant, as with the Blackfoot who would follow bison across the prairies to hunting grounds where they would utilize bison jumps and runs.&lt;ref&gt;Dempsey, Hugh A.. &quot;Blackfoot Confederacy&quot;.  The Canadian Encyclopedia, 18 July 2019, Historica Canada. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/blackfoot-nation&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Accessed 25 October 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; The Blackfoot Confederacy joined the Blackfoot, Blood and Piegan nations located in the Great Plains region of Canada and the United States. They shared a common nomadic lifestyle based on the movement of bison, which they relied on for their sustenance. 

Warfare between First Nations also led to indigenous persons fleeing aggression and moving to new regions. For example, in the 16th century, the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) embarked on campaigns to subjugate or disperse neighbouring groups while pursuing an ancient ideal that they “extend the rafters of the longhouse” by absorbing their neighbours into one nation and thereby produce a universal peace.&lt;ref&gt;Heidenreich, C.E.. &quot;Huron-Wendat&quot;.  The Canadian Encyclopedia, 10 October 2018, Historica Canada. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/huron. Accessed 01 January 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1649 the Haudenosaunee dispersed the French-allied Huron-Wendat from their homeland by destroying villages. Haudenosaunee dispersal campaigns then impacted the Petun, Neutral and Erie in the 1650s, with those nations dissolving and their members either joining together to form new communities or joining pre-existing Iroquoian nations.&lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot;&gt;Peter G. Ramsden and Zach Parrott, &quot;Haudenosaunee (Iroquois)&quot; ''in The Canadian Encyclopedia'', August 28, 2015 &lt;https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/iroquois&gt; (Accessed December 30, 2020). &lt;/ref&gt; 

Forced displacement of Indigenous persons also resulted from the actions of the colonial regimes that took hold in Canada and the United States. European powers established their North American colonies on lands that they seized from the pre-existing Indigenous nations. These seizures involved the imposition of borders and attendant physical, social, and cultural displacement. As discussed below, this had a number of consequences, including that many First Nations persons were killed by disease and warfare and had their mobility and way of life disrupted by this new colonial order.    

Finally, the concept of the refugee may also be thought of as a legal concept, and in this respect the First Nations in Canada have long faced questions about how to define and justify the conditions of community membership. Today such questions are primarily viewed through the lens of immigration and citizenship in the Canadian legal regime, but in indigenous legal regimes they may equally be viewed through the concepts of family law, house group membership, and kinship rights, among others.&lt;ref&gt;For a discussion of the universality of such concepts, see: Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, a multitude of indigenous laws and legal traditions have persisted in the territories of Canada, both prior to, and then alongside, this country's colonial legal order. As John Borrows writes, the earliest practitioners of law in North America were its Indigenous inhabitants.&lt;ref&gt;John Borrows, Canada’s Indigenous Constitution (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010) at 301.&lt;/ref&gt; These indigenous laws and legal traditions have been defined by their diversity, continuity, repression, survival, and adaptability.&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot;&gt;Bhatia, Amar. &quot;We Are All Here to Stay? Indigeneity, Migration, and ‘Decolonizing’ the Treaty Right to Be Here.&quot; Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice, vol. 13, no. 2, 2013, p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; Bhatia writes, for example, about a number of First Nations' legal principles that relate to citizenship and welcoming the other,&lt;ref name=&quot;:32&quot; /&gt; such as the Dish With One Spoon wampum agreement, an Indigenous citizenship law made between Haudenosaunee and Anishinaabe nations in 1701.&lt;ref&gt;Craft, A. 2013. Breathing Life into the Stone Fort Treaty An Anishinabe Understanding of Treaty One. Vancouver, BC: Purich Publishing.&lt;/ref&gt; Arima, for their part, writes about First Nations' legal principles related to family relations, such as the way that the Nootka on Vancouver Island would intermarry with persons from the Coast Salish groups on the mainland, despite otherwise less than amicable relations between the nations.&lt;ref&gt;Arima, E.Y., &quot;Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)&quot;. In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Article published February 07, 2006; Last Edited November 12, 2018. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nootka-nuu-chah-nulth&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; In such ways, setting the terms on which welcome will be offered to the other has a long legal, not just practical, history in Canada.   

Turning to the colonial regimes in North America, they used force to establish themselves and to erect international boundaries. The international boundary between Canada and the United States was officially agreed upon in 1846 but surveying and marking it on the prairie wasn't completed until 1874.&lt;ref name=&quot;:95&quot;&gt;Turtle Mountain – Souris Plains Heritage Association, Heritage Explorer, ''Dakota Claim in Canada'', &lt;https://vantagepoints.ca/stories/dakota-claim-canada/&gt; (Accessed July 15, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt; These borders have served to restrict First Nations' mobility - British North America and the United States of America required the First Nations to subject themselves to these emergent entities, even where pre-existing living arrangements did not neatly fit on one side of the border or the other. For example, Crees and Chippewas from Canada became considered &quot;foreign Indians&quot; in the United States and deportable &quot;illegal immigrants&quot; despite ties to lands in the present-day United States that pre-date that country's founding.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 25.&lt;/ref&gt; The subversive chant &quot;we didn't cross the border, the border crossed us&quot; is, for this situation, entirely apt.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 23.&lt;/ref&gt; 

For their part, the Dakota and Lakota nations were labelled American “Indians” who only came to Canada as &quot;refugees&quot; in the 1860s, despite archeological evidence, historical records, and oral knowledge indicating their presence in present-day Canada dates back at least 800 years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:95&quot; /&gt; The background to this was that in 1851, the Dakota signed a treaty with the American government in which the Dakota were forced to surrender all of their land. The Dakota attempted to turn their situation around in the summer of 1862 with the coordination of an armed revolt. What is known as the Dakota War or Sioux Uprising of 1862 was not a success, and in November of that year about 1000 Dakota arrived outside the gates of Fort Garry on the Red River (now the city of Winnipeg) seeking refuge from the American military. They arrived claiming that they had an historic right to be on British soil and that the lands were in fact part of their traditional territory. At the time, the Canadian government totally ignored the issue of whether or not the Dakota had title to Canadian lands, but “tolerated” the Dakota presence in Canada and allowed them to stay. This was partly a matter of grace, but also largely due to the fact that there was no sufficient army existent in Canada at the time to force the Dakota to leave. There are nine Dakota and Lakota bands in Canada today—four in Saskatchewan and five in Manitoba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:96&quot;&gt;CBC News, ''Canada to formally apologize to 9 Dakota, Lakota Nations for historic designation as refugees,'' Jul 14, 2024 &lt;https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/manitoba-sask-apology-dakota-lakota-1.7263101&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The government's use of the term &quot;refugee&quot; in this context has been considered controversial to offensive, with one Dakota elder asking the poignant question: “How would you like to be called a refugee in your own country?”&lt;ref name=&quot;:95&quot; /&gt; Starting in 2024, the Canadian government committed to dealing with the Dakota and Lakota as First Nations with rights in Canada, not simply as refugees.&lt;ref name=&quot;:96&quot; /&gt;

Moving from the dislocation wrought by international boundaries to what occurred within national boundaries, the colonial regimes erected borders which limited mobility, including the borders involved in the reserve system, which abrogated many relationships with traditional territories, and involved related social, cultural, and political displacements.&lt;ref&gt;Melissa May Ling Chung, ''The Relationships Between Racialized Immigrants And Indigenous Peoples In Canada: A Literature Review'', MA Thesis, 2012 &lt;https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1429&gt; (Accessed December 30, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; Many Indigenous persons were compelled to reside on reserves, and, after the 1885 Northwest Rebellion, the federal government developed a pass system — a process by which Indigenous people had to present a travel document authorized by an Indian agent in order to leave and return to their reserves.&lt;ref&gt;Nestor, Rob, &quot;Pass System in Canada&quot;. In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Article published July 10, 2018; Last Edited July 13, 2018. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/pass-system-in-canada&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Even apart from the reserve system, the movements of many First Nations persons were controlled by settlers in Canada, as when a xenophobic hysteria overtook Victoria, BC upon the arrival of Smallpox in 1862, something which led to the police emptying nearby Indigenous encampments at gunpoint, burning them down, and towing canoes filled with smallpox-infected Indigenous people up the coast. Over the next year, as these Indigenous persons returned to their home communities, they took Smallpox with them, and at least 30,000 Indigenous people are reported to have died from the disease, representing about 60 per cent of the extant First Nations population.&lt;ref&gt;Joshua Ostroff, ''How a smallpox epidemic forged modern British Columbia,'' August 1, 2017, Maclean's, &lt;https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/how-a-smallpox-epidemic-forged-modern-british-columbia/&gt; (Accessed October 30, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, one of the most significant effects of colonialism was the large number of First Nations persons in Canada who died of diseases introduced by European colonists. One of the effects of such deaths was the emergence of post-contact communities such as the Abenaki, an aboriginal group in present-day New Brunswick and Quebec which emerged when numerous smaller bands and tribes, who shared linguistic, geographical, and cultural traits, joined together into a new political grouping after their original tribes were destroyed by disease and warfare.&lt;ref&gt;Lee Sultzman (July 21, 1997). &quot;Abenaki History&quot;. Archived from the original on April 11, 2010. Retrieved March 20, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;  

Apart from the effects of such epidemics and forced movements, the newly created nation of Canada also effected the social and cultural displacement of the pre-existing aboriginal peoples. In the words of the section of the final report of the ''Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples'' on displacement and assimilation: &lt;blockquote&gt;[The impact of colonialism on indigenous populations was profound.] Perhaps the most appropriate term to describe that impact is 'displacement'. Aboriginal peoples were displaced physically — they were denied access to their traditional territories and in many cases actually forced to move to new locations selected for them by colonial authorities. They were also displaced socially and culturally, subject to intensive missionary activity and the establishment of schools — which undermined their ability to pass on traditional values to their children, imposed male-oriented Victorian values, and attacked traditional activities such as significant dances and other ceremonies. In North America they were also displaced politically, forced by colonial laws to abandon or at least disguise traditional governing structures and processes in favour of colonial-style municipal institutions.&lt;ref&gt;Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. Ottawa: The Commission, 1996. Print, at page 132 &lt;http://data2.archives.ca/e/e448/e011188230-01.pdf&gt; (Accessed January 1, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;At times Indigenous communities relied upon the newly created international boundaries when seeking refuge from such displacement. For example, after American troops destroyed 40-50 Cayuga villages in the present-day US in 1779, many peoples of the Cayuga tribe fled the United States to seek refuge in British North America, and in so doing relied on these new borders for their associated guarantee of safety.&lt;ref&gt;Emerson Klees. ''Persons, Places, and Things around the Finger Lakes Region''. Rochester, Finger Lakes Publishing, 1994. Page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; 

In the 1700s and 1800s, the British instituted policies to encourage immigration to British North America. The people that the British encouraged to relocate included persons who would rightfully be termed refugees today. For example, 50,000 United Empire Loyalists, supporters of the British in the American revolution, migrated north in response to American republicanism.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Many of them migrated northward either because they did not wish to become citizens of the new American republic or because they feared retribution for their public support for the British during the War of Independence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;Troper, Harold. &quot;Immigration in Canada&quot;.  The Canadian Encyclopedia, 19 September 2017, Historica Canada. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/immigration. Accessed 30 December 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; These included Mohawks and other members of the Six Nations Indians stripped of their lands in the Ohio Valley because they sided with the British during the American Revolution.&lt;ref&gt;Government of Canada, ''Refugee Determination: What it is and how it works'', Pamphlet, 1989, Immigration and Refugee Board, page 2.&lt;/ref&gt; The retribution meted out to loyalists in the United States included beatings, imprisonment, and other forms of harassment.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 36. &lt;/ref&gt; Among the loyalists who migrated northward were an estimated 2000 members of the aboriginal peoples bordering the Thirteen Colonies who had supported the British cause, believing that an alliance with the British offered the best hope for preserving their independence and protecting their territories from land-hungry colonists.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Loyalists were allowed to bring their slaves to present-day Canada. Later, the loyalists also included thousands of free(d) black persons, some of whom had heeded a British proclamation issued early in the war offering freedom to any slave who deserted his (''sic'') American master during the Revolution and volunteered to serve with the King's forces. Most of the new black arrivals responded to an offer made late in the conflict that guaranteed that all slaves who made formal claim to protection behind British lines would receive their freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot;&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Upon arrival, many of these black loyalists faced the scourge of racism and dismal agricultural prospects in Nova Scotia, where they primarily settled, and, bitterly disappointed, 1,200 sailed for Sierra Leone to start afresh on the west coast of Africa in 1792.&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot; /&gt; Nonetheless, over the next century an estimated 30,000 African Americans came to Canada as the final stop on the underground railroad, seeking protection from slavery in that country.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; While they received ''de jure'' freedom, they did not always receive ''de facto'' security as attempts were made to illegally kidnap black freemen refugees in Canada and return them to former owners in Southern states.&lt;ref&gt;Henry, Natasha. &quot;Fugitive Slave Act of 1850&quot;.  ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', 21 June 2023, ''Historica Canada''. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fugitive-slave-act-of-1850. Accessed 25 February 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; 

While it is the case that black and indigenous persons did flee the United States for Canada, the fact is that a racial logic was at work in the Canadian colonial project which shaped who the regime saw fit to welcome.&lt;ref name=&quot;:65&quot;&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 47.&lt;/ref&gt; We can see this logic of colonialism in Canada's history, both in terms of how First Nations were treated, but also with how the state responded to ethnic and national outsiders. In the 1700s, the British enacted deliberate policies to reinforce the British character of its North American possessions. This included the forced deportation of French-speaking Acadians from present-day Nova Scotia. In 1755, Lieutenant-Governor Lawrence and his council decided that the Acadians should be dispersed among the several colonies on the continent through forced transhipment. More than 3000 Acadians were transported to southern British colonies in the present-day United States that year. In total, three-quarters of the Acadian population in Nova Scotia was removed. As many as a third of the passengers died on the ships. Many Acadians sought refuge on Prince Edward Island and in Cape Breton, but they gained only temporary respite. In 1758, another British expedition against Louisbourg forced its surrender; 6000 more Acadians were then forcibly removed from their homes.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 34-35.&lt;/ref&gt; Some of the homes were then burned. Furthermore, the land grants the Crown awarded to United Empire Loyalists often included territories formerly occupied by the Acadians, thereby preventing the Acadians from returning are reoccupying the lands, for example in the region of Fort Sainte-Anne, now Fredericton, and in the area around the Annapolis River in Nova Scotia, where formerly Acadian lands were granted to settlers from New England beginning in 1759.   

While the governments in pre-Confederation Canada made explicit efforts to entice persons who can aptly be titled refugees to choose to come to the country, they were generally individuals who hailed from the &quot;right countries&quot; and were of desired races, religions, and nationalities. For example, John Graves Simcoe, the first lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, issued a proclamation in 1792 inviting Americans to emigrate to Upper Canada. This included a special appeal to the members of pacifist religious communities, including Quakers, Mennonites, and Dunkards, which promised them an exemption from military service.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 45-46.&lt;/ref&gt;

== The emergence of legal restrictions on immigration in colonial Canada ==
During its earliest centuries, Canada and its colonial forebears had neither an official immigration policy, nor the means to control the movement of individuals at the border.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 14. This speaks to the US experience, which was similar to the Canadian.&lt;/ref&gt; This tracks the experience of other western states at the time. In Chetail's summary, the 17th century rise of the nation state, and its implicit corollary—territorial sovereignty—did not generally coincide with the introduction of border controls.&lt;ref name=&quot;:41&quot;&gt;Chetail, V. (2019). ''International Migration Law''. London, England: Oxford University Press, page 39.&lt;/ref&gt; Quite the contrary, the admission of (the right kinds of) foreigners was viewed as a means of strengthening the power of the host state, primarily for demographic and economic reasons. As a result, until the 19th and early 20th centuries, displaced, persecuted, and poor populations in Europe and North America were able to simply move to new jobs and opportunities in new regions.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, at p. 6 (para. 2).&lt;/ref&gt; While the federal Parliament had been given jurisdiction over &quot;Naturalization and Aliens&quot; pursuant to section 91(25) of the ''Constitution Act, 1867'', Canada's first post-confederation immigration law'','' the 1869 ''Act Respecting Immigration and Immigrants'', reflected the laissez-faire zeitgeist by saying nothing about which classes of immigrants should be admitted and which categories should be proscribed.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 71.&lt;/ref&gt; Passports, for example, were not generally required for European and North American travel prior to the First World War.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; Given all of this, defining a refugee was not a major concern for the reigning powers.&lt;ref&gt;Mathilde Crepin, ''The Notion of Persecution in the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its Relevance for the Protection Needs of Refugees in the 21st Century,'' Dissertation, King’s College London, 2019, &lt;https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/&gt; (Accessed August 1, 2020), at page 42 of document’s pagination.&lt;/ref&gt; 

While, from the point of view of western states, people prior to World War I enjoyed a certain freedom of movement in the world, by no means did these comparatively open-door immigration practices result in a practical and non-discriminatory freedom of movement for all. Restrictions on freedom of movement took many forms. Some of the earliest restrictions on movement which were imposed by states were imposed on the ''internal'' movement of both nationals and non-nationals within each state's territory. In Europe such internal migration restrictions were mainly imposed for tax purposes,&lt;ref name=&quot;:41&quot; /&gt; and in British North America, as discussed above, one of the principal reasons for such restrictions was the control of the aboriginal population through reserve and pass systems. 

Furthermore, even at this time, not all migrants were welcomed by Canadian society. Even while all British subjects formally had the right to settle anywhere in the Empire, including the British Dominion of Canada,&lt;ref&gt;Alia Somani, ''Untangling the Strands of Memory: Historicizing the 1914 Komagata Maru Incident and the Concept of Refugeeness'', Chapter 2 in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 55.&lt;/ref&gt; as Jan Raska describes, the Canadian government admitted migrants based on prevailing sociocultural, economic, and political views of the ‘desirable’ immigrant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot;&gt;Jan Raska, ''Canada’s Refugee Determination System'', Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, August 21, 2020, &lt;https://pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/canada-s-refugee-determination-system&gt; (Accessed January 1, 2021). &lt;/ref&gt; The seemingly ''laissez-faire'' immigration policies of early Canada existed, to an important extent, because of ''de facto'' travel restrictions which particularly limited travel to Canada for those of &quot;undesirable races&quot;, not least of which were the lack of economical transportation modes to the new world from anywhere except western Europe for several centuries.&lt;ref name=&quot;:65&quot; /&gt; Even for those who were able to migrate to a new country at this time, the comparatively open-door immigration practices did not result in historical refugees enjoying the suite of rights set out in the modern Refugee Convention. For example, as Emma Borland writes, the French Huguenots of the 17th century did not receive an entirely welcoming reception in the United Kingdom and were not granted permanent residence.&lt;ref&gt;Emma Borland, ''Temporal pillars of fairness: reflections on the UK's asylum adjudication regime from an original refugee-centred position'', PhD Thesis, 2020, Cardiff University, &lt;https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/132879/&gt; (Accessed June 30 2021), page 38.&lt;/ref&gt; Instead, the Huguenots kept the status of foreigner, rather than being considered ‘subjects’, and therefore had only limited rights in England at that time.&lt;ref&gt;Bernard Cottret, ''The Huguenots in England: Immigration and Settlement C.1550-1700'' (Cambridge University Press 1991) 53.&lt;/ref&gt; 

In any event, the comparatively ''laissez-faire'' attitude towards immigration which had prevailed began to increasingly give way as the capacity of the state to monitor and govern the populace increased.&lt;ref name=&quot;:41&quot; /&gt; The concept of asylum took on a newfound importance in the 1800s in Europe as countries began to conclude bilateral treaties committing to extradite criminals, which limited individuals' hitherto freedom to abscond from one state to another. States did see fit to exclude from such extradition regimes those who had perpetrated political crimes, on the basis that they should properly be granted asylum from prosecution.&lt;ref&gt;Laabidi, A and Nacir, R. (2021) Asylum Between Yesterday and Today, A Comparison Between Islamic Law and International Law. Review of International Geographical Education (RIGEO), 11(5), [tel:3602-3611 3602-3611]. doi: 10.48047/rigeo.11.05.246, page 3607.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, the 1826 ''Registration of Aliens Act'' restricted the British government from deporting political refugees, thus recognizing that a refugee, once granted asylum, could not be returned.&lt;ref name=&quot;:73&quot;&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 114.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in 1833, Article 6 of the Belgian Extradition Act ('''Loi sur les extraditions''’) enshrined the principle of the non-extradition of any political refugee, with the exception of those refugees who threatened public security.&lt;ref name=&quot;:73&quot;&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 114.&lt;/ref&gt; The concept of a political asylee in Latin America was similarly codified in a series of regional conventions dating from the 1889 Convention on the International Penal Law.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 103; Siobhán McGuirk, Adrienne Pine, eds., ''Asylum for Sale: Profit and Protest in the Migration Industry'', PM Press: 2020, ISBN: 9781629637822, page 15.&lt;/ref&gt; Yet more restrictive immigration policies began to be imposed at the turn of the 20th century, concomitant to the emergence of the modern welfare system. In Thériault's chronology, as states became more financially involved in the welfare of their populations, they became increasingly concerned with the perceived additional burden of new immigrants and refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf?sequence=2&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, increased global mobility at this time began to make racially-inflected concerns about immigration more acute.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 34.&lt;/ref&gt;

The barriers that states began to erect increasingly affected those who would today be termed refugees; exceptions to Canada’s growing immigration restrictions were generally not made based on the reason why an individual wished to depart their home state. As James Hathaway puts it, &quot;what mattered was not the motive for immigration, but rather the immigrant's potential to contribute to the development of Canada&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C., 1988. &quot;Selective Concern: An Overview of Refugee Law in Canada&quot;, ''McGill Law Journal'' 33, no. 4: 676-715, at 679.&lt;/ref&gt; 

All this said, despite lacking a refugee policy as such, the government occasionally attempted to ease and facilitate the entry of victims of religious and political persecution.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 15.&lt;/ref&gt; A number of the people that the Canadian government specifically sought to entice to come to Canada during this period could, incidentally, rightfully be thought of as refugees, including:

* In the 1870s and 1880s the Canadian government sought to entice Mennonites to settle in western Canada. The Mennonite search for a new home was precipitated by the introduction of a policy of Russification in the schools of the Ukraine, where they lived, and by the implementation of universal conscription, which went against their pacifist beliefs.&lt;ref name=&quot;:25&quot;&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt; The Canadian government not only offered them freedom from military service, but also freedom from swearing the oath of allegiance, a requirement which conflicted with their religious beliefs.&lt;ref name=&quot;:25&quot; /&gt; The Mennonites were the first non-British group to receive direct financial assistance from the Canadian government to come to Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 37.&lt;/ref&gt; 7500 established themselves in Manitoba in the 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;Knowles, V. (2016), Strangers at our gates: Canadian immigration and immigration policy, 1540-2015, 4th edn., Toronto: Dundurn Press, 212, as cited in ''Canadian immigration and immigration policy 1867-2020,'' Valerie Knowles, in Ervis Martani and Denise Helly, Asylum and resettlement in Canada, Genova University Press, &lt;https://gup.unige.it/sites/gup.unige.it/files/pagine/Asylum_and_resettlement_in_Canada_ebook.pdf&gt;, page 45.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Following the assassination of Tsar Alexander II in March 1881, violent pogroms took place throughout Russia, and hundreds of Jews were massacred, while others were systematically turned out of their homes and ordered from their villages. At this point, millions of Russians fled in search of refuge.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 99.&lt;/ref&gt; Hundreds of them availed themselves of group-settlement opportunities in western Canada. The first party of more than 200 Russian Jewish refugees to arrive in Canada in 1882 faced what Trebilcock and Kelley describe as &quot;formidable obstacles&quot; to their resettlement.&lt;ref name=&quot;:52&quot;&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock, ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 75-76.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, when the federal government and the Jewish community settled on an appropriate piece of land for the new arrivals, the plan was abandoned after neighbouring Mennonites objected to living beside Jews. Eventually, a number of settlements succeeded and by the turn of the century, the Jewish population of Canada was approximately 17,000, almost ten times that of 1880.&lt;ref name=&quot;:52&quot; /&gt; Then, from 1900 to 1921, a further 138,000 Jews immigrated to Canada, many of them refugees fleeing yet further pogroms in Czarist Russia and Eastern Europe.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;Janet Dench, &quot;A Hundred Years of Immigration to Canada, 1900-1999: A Chronology Focusing on Refugees and Discrimination&quot; (2000), online: ''Canadian Council for Refugees'' &lt;https://ccrweb.ca/en/hundred-years-immigration-canada-1900-1999&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Persecuted Doukhobors also began to arrive from Russia at this point, as well.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;
Indigenous people from the United States also immigrated northward. For example, after the Battle at Little Bighorn in what is now the state of Montana in 1876, Sitting Bull’s Dakota (Sioux) forces killed American Lieutenant-Colonel George Armstrong Custer and 262 of his men. Afterwards, facing the full might of the United States army, Sitting Bull tried to negotiate peace, but rejected the Americans’ terms. Then, many Sioux began crossing the border into Canada, near Wood Mountain, SK (then part of the North-West Territories). North-West Mounted Police Inspector James Morrow Walsh met with Sitting Bull in 1877 and assured him protection from the US army in exchange for peaceful compliance of Canadian law. However, the welcome was far from hospitable. The Canadian government, fearful that the chief’s presence would incite intertribal warfare and eager to clear the Prairies for white settlement, refused Sitting Bull’s request for a reserve for his people. An ensuing lack of food gradually induced the Sioux to return to the United States to accept American promises of rations.&lt;ref&gt;Macewan, G. (2017). Sitting Bull.  In ''The Canadian Encyclopedia''. Retrieved from &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sitting-bull&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Over time, amendments to Canada's immigration legislation began to explicitly enshrine the country’s discriminatory policies in statute. These amendments were in keeping with the rise of such restrictions in other western countries at this time. indeed, by 1930 every independent state in the Western Hemisphere had passed legislation limiting migration on racial grounds.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 35.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, as Somani puts it, racism at the Canadian border was masked by a performance of legality. The intentions of early politicians in Canada was to model this country's political and social institutions and values on the British motherland.&lt;ref&gt;Parasram, A., &amp; Mannathukkaren, N. (2021). Imperial afterlives: citizenship and racial/caste fragility in Canada and India. ''Citizenship Studies'', ''28''(3), 301–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2021.1984494, page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada was reluctant to incorporate racial restrictions into its immigration laws too overtly, lest this undermine the notion of a cohesive British empire and undermine geopolitical relationships, say with the Japanese, or lend support to independence movements, for example that in India.&lt;ref&gt;Alia Somani, ''Untangling the Strands of Memory: Historicizing the 1914 Komagata Maru Incident and the Concept of Refugeeness'', Chapter 2 in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 61.&lt;/ref&gt; To this end, Canadian policies which ''de facto'' discriminated on the grounds of class, race, sex, and disability&lt;ref&gt;Dirks, Gerald E.. &quot;Immigration Policy in Canada&quot;.  The Canadian Encyclopedia, 23 October 2020, Historica Canada. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/immigration-policy. Accessed 30 December 2020. See also the discussion of the act passed in 1885 &quot;to restrict and regulate Chinese immigration&quot; (the head-tax act) in Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 71.&lt;/ref&gt; were couched in neutral language, as with a power accorded to Cabinet to exclude any class of immigrant where it deemed that such exclusion was “in the best interests of the country”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:37&quot;&gt;George Melnyk and Christina Parker, ''Finding Refuge in Canada: Narratives of Dislocation'', February 2021, Athabasca University Press, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781771993029&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

The specific exclusionary measures employed in Canada included:

* &lt;u&gt;Documentation requirements:&lt;/u&gt; Canada, like many states at the beginning of the 20th century, implemented a requirement that travellers to Canada carry passports. As Kaprielian-Churchill writes, the passport requirement appears to have been implemented for the purposes of exclusion.&lt;ref&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 282.&lt;/ref&gt; It was strictly applied to Asian immigrants, for example, while not being required for more favoured classes of immigrants. I order to enforce such requirements, the government instituted an immigration inspection service at 37 points of entry along the Canada-United States border in the Central Canada District, which stretched from Toronto, Ontario to Prague, Manitoba.&lt;ref&gt;Knowles, V. (2016), Strangers at our gates: Canadian immigration and immigration policy, 1540-2015, 4th edn., Toronto: Dundurn Press, 212, as cited in ''Canadian immigration and immigration policy 1867-2020,'' Valerie Knowles, in Ervis Martani and Denise Helly, Asylum and resettlement in Canada, Genova University Press, &lt;https://gup.unige.it/sites/gup.unige.it/files/pagine/Asylum_and_resettlement_in_Canada_ebook.pdf&gt;, page 48.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Restrictions based on ethnicity, including r&lt;/u&gt;&lt;u&gt;acially selective taxation:&lt;/u&gt; The Chinese head tax was used to selectively exclude this groups of migrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; It was first imposed by the ''Chinese Immigration Act'' of 1885, which is described as the first piece of Canadian legislation to exclude immigrants based on ethnic origin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot;&gt;CAPIC ACCPI, ''The History of Canadian Immigration Consulting'', Oct. 15 2017, Kindle Edition, North York: ON, ISBN 978-1-7751648-0-0-7.&lt;/ref&gt; The head tax on Chinese immigrants was set at $50 in 1885, raised to $100 in 1900,&lt;ref&gt;''An Act respecting and restricting Chinese Immigration,'' SC 1900, c 32, s 6.&lt;/ref&gt; and then raised to $500 in 1903.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 144.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, the standard fare to enter the country for other immigrants was one dollar per passenger over one year of age.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; That $500 sum would be roughly $12,900 today, was equivalent to the savings from two years’ worth of wages, and was said to be enough to purchase two homes in Montreal.  Roughly 97,000 Chinese people paid the tax to come to Canada between 1885 and 1923.&lt;ref&gt;David How, et. al., ''100 Years of Resilience: Reflections on the “Chinese Exclusion Act”'', The Advocate, Vol. 82 Part 1 January 2024, at page 20.&lt;/ref&gt; Later, the 1923 ''Chinese Immigration Act'' eliminated the duties placed on earlier Chinese immigrants,&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; but instead outright prohibited the permanent settlement of almost all Chinese migrants. While exceptions were formally made for diplomats, merchants having invested at least $2,500 in an established business (and their wives),&lt;ref&gt;Robert J. Shalka, ''The Resettlement of Displaced Persons in Canada (1947-1952): Lobbying, Humanitarianism, and Enlightened Self-Interest (Part 2),'' CIHS Bulletin, June 2021, Issue 97, &lt;[https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=http://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Bulletin-97-June-2021.pdf&amp;hl=en_GB http://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Bulletin-97-June-2021.pdf]&gt; (Accessed July 18, 2021), at page 16.&lt;/ref&gt; people of Chinese origin born in Canada,&lt;ref&gt;''An Act respecting Chinese Immigration'', SC 1923, c 38, s 5.&lt;/ref&gt; and students, only 15 Chinese immigrants were admitted to Canada in the 23 years following this Act.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; It was repealed in 1947.&lt;ref&gt;Laura Madokoro, ''Erasing Exclusion: Adrienne Clarkson and the Promise of the Refugee Experience'', Chapter 3 in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 72.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*&lt;u&gt;Restrictions on “races deemed unsuitable to the climate and requirements of Canada”:&lt;/u&gt; Section 38(c) of the 1910 Immigration Act allowed the Governor-in-Council to “prohibit ... the landing in Canada ... of immigrants belonging to any race deemed unsuited to the climate or requirements of Canada.” Black American immigrants were routinely excluded as being “unsuited to the climate” of Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf?sequence=2&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 81.&lt;/ref&gt; The Cabinet of Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier approved a formal immigration ban in 1911 excluding immigrants of African descent: “''His Excellency in Council, in virtue of Sub-Section (c) of Section 38 of the Immigration Act, is pleased to Order and it is hereby Ordered as follows: ... For a period of one year from and after the date hereof the landing in Canada shall be and the same is prohibited of any immigrants belonging to the Negro race, which race is deemed unsuitable to climate and requirements of Canada.''”&lt;ref&gt;Order in Council - Décrets du Conseil (12 August 1911), Library and Archives Canada (RG 2-A-1-a, vol 1021, PC 1911-1324), online: &lt;pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/order-in-council-pc-1911-1324&gt; [perma.cc/MT3E-6CPG], as cited in https://cjhr.ca/download/2826/.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the order in council does not appear to have been invoked officially.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, ''Order-in-Council PC 1911-1324'', &lt;[https://pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/order-in-council-pc-1911-1324#:~:text=This%20response%20culminated%20on%2012,was%20not%20written%20into%20the https://pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/order-in-council-pc-1911-1324]&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Stasiulis argues that this was the first explicitly racial exclusionary policy in the Western Hemisphere and that it was designed to block entry to Black farmers from the United States who were fleeing persecution from the Klu Klux Klan in Oklahoma.&lt;ref&gt;Parasram, A., &amp; Mannathukkaren, N. (2021). Imperial afterlives: citizenship and racial/caste fragility in Canada and India. ''Citizenship Studies'', ''28''(3), 301–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2021.1984494, page 308 (page 9 of article).&lt;/ref&gt; Section 38(c) of the 1910 Immigration Act would also be used by the Canadian government to enact and enforce policies that restricted pan-Asian immigration until new regulations were enacted in 1967.&lt;ref name=&quot;:89&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Racial restrictions on immigration incentive and loan programs:&lt;/u&gt; Loan an incentive programs, such as the 1950s Assisted Passage Loan Scheme, provided loans to those who could not afford their own transportation to Canada. Loans were provided to those from Europe, but not to those from Africa or Asia.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 329.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Restrictions on re-entry to Canada:&lt;/u&gt; Following the passage of the 1923 Chinese Immigration Act, pre-existing Chinese immigrants already within Canada were generally permitted to remain, but they could only return to China for a visit if it was a one-way trip.&lt;ref&gt;David How, et. al., ''100 Years of Resilience: Reflections on the “Chinese Exclusion Act”'', The Advocate, Vol. 82 Part 1 January 2024, at page 22.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Racially-based internment:&lt;/u&gt; The internment of Ukrainians was directed at excluding and controlling these migrants.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 127.&lt;/ref&gt; Earlier, Chinese persons had been restricted to living in Chinatowns in many parts of Canada.&lt;ref&gt;David How, et. al., ''100 Years of Resilience: Reflections on the “Chinese Exclusion Act”'', The Advocate, Vol. 82 Part 1 January 2024, at page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; Japanese Canadians were unable to return to the coast until 1949 following their internment during World War II.&lt;ref name=&quot;:89&quot;&gt;David How, et. al., ''100 Years of Resilience: Reflections on the “Chinese Exclusion Act”'', The Advocate, Vol. 82 Part 1 January 2024, at page 23.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Refusal to process immigration paperwork for racial reasons:&lt;/u&gt; Of the more than 1 million American immigrants reported to have emigrated to Canada between 1896 and 1911, fewer than 1000 of them were African Americans. Trebilcock and Kelley report that there was relatively limited interest in settling in Canada shown by the African-American community and that the Canadian government did less than nothing to cultivate such interest. On those occasions when department officials or immigration agents were approached by African Americans wishing to emigrate to Canada, government policy was restrictive. At times, requests were simply ignored by Canadian immigration agents or put 'on file' indefinitely.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 156-157.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Health-based restrictions:&lt;/u&gt; Immigration legislation passed in 1906 tightened entry requirements for those who were diagnosed as &quot;insane&quot;, &quot;idiotic&quot;, or &quot;epileptic&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:69&quot;&gt;''An Act respecting Immigration and Immigrants'', SC 1906, c 19, ss. 24-28, as cited in Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 298.&lt;/ref&gt; Facially neutral legislative provisions were also employed in discriminatory ways; for example, while nothing in the ''Immigration Act'' specifically barred black Americans, any immigrant could effectively be denied access to Canada for health reasons under the Act's medical provisions. The government in 1911 instructed immigration inspectors along the American border to reject all black persons as unfit for admission on medical grounds. As Harold Troper notes, &quot;there was no appeal.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot; /&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Class-based restrictions:&lt;/u&gt; In 1879, an order-in-council was passed to prohibit the landing in Canada of &quot;indigents and paupers&quot; unless the master of the ship carrying them deposited sufficient funds to provide temporary assistance and cover inland travel expenses.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 82.&lt;/ref&gt; Then with the 1906 ''Act respecting Immigration and Immigrants'' Parliament tightened the entry requirements for those deemed to be &quot;paupers&quot; or &quot;destitute&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:69&quot; /&gt; The government amended the ''Immigration Act'' in 1910 to prohibit all &quot;charity cases&quot; who had not received written authority to immigrate to Canada from the superintendent of immigration at Ottawa or the assistant superintendent of emigration for Canada in London. As Valerie Knowles writes, this clause was inspired by the large number of impoverished British immigrants who had arrived in Canada with the assistance of charitable organizations eager to rid Britain of paupers and to provide them with a new start in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot;&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 111.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Restrictions based on the manner of coming to Canada:&lt;/u&gt; Canada used facially neutral legislation regarding the manner in which individuals came to Canada to discriminate against racial minorities. The ''Chinese Immigration Act'' of 1885 limited the number of Chinese persons a ship could carry to one for every fifty tons of cargo, as compared to one European for every two tons of cargo.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 98.&lt;/ref&gt; Later, the 1906 “continuous journey regulation” authorized the Minister to prohibit entry of immigrants unless they came to Canada from the country of their birth or citizenship &quot;by a continuous journey on through tickets purchased before leaving the country&quot; (the wording was subsequently amended slightly).&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 149.&lt;/ref&gt; This regulation famously prohibited the landing of all but 20 (or 24&lt;ref&gt;Rajan, S.I. (Ed.). (2024). India Migration Report 2024: Indians in Canada (1st ed.). Routledge India. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003499787&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 295.&lt;/ref&gt;) of the 376 passengers, most of whom were Sikhs, on the SS Komagata Maru in 1914.&lt;ref&gt;Alia Somani, ''Untangling the Strands of Memory: Historicizing the 1914 Komagata Maru Incident and the Concept of Refugeeness'', Chapter 2 in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 56.&lt;/ref&gt; The boat was not allowed to dock in Vancouver, and, after a two-month stalemate, the Komagata Maru was forced to turn around and sail back across the Pacific Ocean. While these would-be immigrants had not started out as refugees,&lt;ref&gt;George Melnyk and Christina Parker, ''Finding Refuge in Canada: Narratives of Dislocation'', February 2021, Athabasca University Press, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781771993029&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 9.&lt;/ref&gt; 26 of its passengers were killed by the British Indian police upon arrival in India,&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; who suspected that the passengers had become aligned with a group based in North America that was committed to the overthrow of the British Raj in India.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; This continuous journey rule had particular implications for refugees, regardless of race, because its requirement that tickets be purchased in the country of birth or in Canada, an impossible requirement for most refugees who, by definition, would be loath to return to their country to embark on a voyage to Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 90.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the restrictive intent behind the continuous journey rule was exemplified by actions that the Canadian government took to stop the only direct ship service between India and Canada, the Canadian Pacific shipping line's Calcutta-Vancouver service.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; Later, the federal government would come to prohibit the landing of &quot;skilled and unskilled workers&quot; in Western seaports in 1913; that restriction had predictable racial effects considering who it was who was likely to arrive in Canada via the Pacific ocean.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 187.&lt;/ref&gt; Another Canadian interdiction effort from the early 1900s involved authorities responding to consternation among prairie residents about a possible influx of African-American settlers&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 145.&lt;/ref&gt; by instructing railway staff not to sell train tickets to Black people coming from the US&lt;ref name=&quot;:34&quot;&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 88.&lt;/ref&gt; to to ensure that African-Americans bound for Canada were charged a full fare for train travel, rather than the reduced settler rate.&lt;ref&gt;J.L. Doupe to W. Bannatyne, 30 December 1910, File 72552 Pt 2, as cited in Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, ''Order-in-Council PC 1911-1324'', &lt;https://pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/order-in-council-pc-1911-1324&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Religious restrictions:&lt;/u&gt; For a three-year period starting in 1919, Doukhobors, Mennonites, and Hutterites were specifically prohibited entry into Canada because of, in the words of the relevant order-in-council, &quot;their peculiar customs, habits, modes of life and methods of holding property, and because of their probable inability to become readily assimilated or to assume the duties and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship within a reasonable time after their entry.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 135.&lt;/ref&gt; The Hutterites are said to have provoked particular resentment in Canada at this time on account of their pacifism and consequent refusal to bear arms in the World War.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 128.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Sex-based policies:&lt;/u&gt; In 1938, male residents of Canada who were able to support their intended wives were able to sponsor a fiancée. Female residents of Canada were not extended the same ability to sponsor a spouse.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 254-255.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada's 1947 ''Citizenship Act'' permitted Canadian women who married non-Canadians to retain their citizenship, but these women could not pass on their Canadian citizenship to their children born abroad, since those children were presumed to receive their citizenship from the responsible parent, their father.&lt;ref&gt;''Bjorkquist et al. v. Attorney General of Canada,'' 2023 ONSC 7152 (CanLII), at para 128, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1vdj#par128&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Political-opinion-based restrictions:&lt;/u&gt; In 1910, the Immigration Act was amended to provide for the exclusion and deportation of those professing anarchist views.&lt;ref&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 13.&lt;/ref&gt;
Exceptions to these restrictive policies were made for those with temporary status in Canada, for example fifteen thousand Chinese men were brought to Canada to construct the country's first transcontinental railroad.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, 2021, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 158.&lt;/ref&gt; However, exceptions were generally not made based on the reason why an individual wished to depart their home state - indeed, until the 1970s, Canada made no formal distinction between refugees and other migrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:37&quot; /&gt; 

== League of Nations era ==
It was in the wake of the First World War and the Russian Revolution that the term &quot;refugee&quot; came to be widely used. While the term &quot;refugee&quot; does date to the 17th century, it had not been widely used until this point. It was during the 1920s that the term &quot;refugee&quot; began to emerge with more frequency and long-standing &quot;competitor terms&quot;, like asylum, protection, and hospitality, began to be &quot;relegated to oblivion&quot;. As Hamlin describes it, the term refugee &quot;was a product of this period.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 36.&lt;/ref&gt; Amidst rising public concern about this issue, and in response to an appeal from the International Committee of the Red Cross,&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Member states of the League of Nations approved the creation of a refugee office in 1921 and appointed Fridtjof Nansen as the first High Commissioner for Refugees.&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot;&gt;Peter Gatrell, Anindita Ghoshal, Katarzyna Nowak &amp; Alex Dowdall (2021) ''Reckoning with refugeedom: refugee voices in modern history'', Social History, 46:1, 70-95, DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2021.1850061 . &lt;/ref&gt; In 1922, Nansen created the so-called 'Nansen Passport' for Russian refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, at p. 6 (para. 1).&lt;/ref&gt; This was an international identity certificate facilitating the movement and resettlement of refugees uprooted by the events of World War I, the Russian revolution, and the Armenian genocide in Turkey. This institutional innovation provided several million post-WWI European refugees with a way to seek protection and assistance.&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot; /&gt; It has also been pinpointed as the beginning of international refugee law.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1925, the Refugee Service of the International Labor Organization (ILO) took on responsibility for issuing these Nansen Passports. Five years later, following Nansen's death, the League of Nations abolished the position of the High Commissioner&lt;ref&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 121.&lt;/ref&gt; and entrusted this humanitarian aspect of refugee work to the Nansen International Office for Refugees, or International Refugee Office for short.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 284.&lt;/ref&gt;

Thériault states that at first it was generally assumed that the refugee problem was temporary and that countries voluntarily afforded refugees relatively generous benefits. However, by the late 1920s, European states began to recognize the enduring nature of the refugee problem and increasingly refused to integrate refugees. This led to a shift in international refugee law, as efforts to have states adopt agreements that imposed substantial obligations, such as the 1922 and 1924 arrangements regarding the issuance of the Nansen Passport to Russian and Armenian refugees, began to meet with limited state interest.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf?sequence=2&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), pages 21-22.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada, for one, refused to sign onto any of these international initiatives.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 89.&lt;/ref&gt; The Canadian government steadfastly refused to recognize the Nansen Passport on the basis that Canada would only accept such passport bearers if they were returnable to another country in the event that they became criminals or insane, something that Kaprielian-Churchill describes as a smokescreen and means of rejecting refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 281.&lt;/ref&gt; In fact, even once other countries strove to accommodate the Canadian demand for returnability, Canadian officials continued to refuse refugees, finding other grounds for rejection.&lt;ref&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 290.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1931, Canadian officials spoke with pride that only &quot;a dozen refugees&quot; had been admitted to Canada on the League of Nations' Nansen Passport.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203 at page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; 

In order to address the fact that the agreements underpinning the Nansen Passport lacked the status of treaty law,&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, at p. 13 (para. 26).&lt;/ref&gt; the League of Nations convened an international conference in 1933 to negotiate a ''Convention Relating to the International Status of Refugees''. Canada had remained a colony of the British Empire until 1931, meaning that there was no such thing as “Canadian foreign policy” before then, as Britain did not permit its colonies to sign treaties, form alliances, or pretty much interact in any meaningful way with other countries without London’s approval.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Foreign Policy, ''The Canada Guide'', 2021 &lt;https://thecanadaguide.com/basics/foreign-policy/&gt; (Accessed December 25, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt; In 1931, the U.K. passed the Statute of Westminster giving its self-governing white colonies the right to make their own foreign policy choices. It is thus of some significance that, two years later, Canada neither attended the conference which negotiated the ''Convention Relating to the International Status of Refugees'', nor subscribed to the ensuing agreement.&lt;ref&gt;Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 291.&lt;/ref&gt; Nonetheless, this Convention is remembered as the first attempt to create a comprehensive legal framework for the protection of refugees&lt;ref&gt;Tamta Zaalishvili, ''Multifaceted Asylum Triangle: Does Fragmentation of the Right to Asylum and the Non-Refoulement Rule Deters the Functioning of Equitable and Predictable Burden- and Responsibility-Sharing Mechanism on Refugees?'',  Groningen Journal of International Law, 9(1), 2021, 174–194, &lt;https://doi.org/10.21827/grojil.9.1.174-194&gt;, at page 180.&lt;/ref&gt; and the time the principle of ''non-refoulement'' was first incorporated into international law.&lt;ref&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 122.&lt;/ref&gt; The League of Nations did take steps related to the international protection of minorities, something that is said, in retrospect, to have been one of the evident origins of the post-WWII refugee regime.&lt;ref&gt;Colin Grey, Cosmopolitan Pariahs: The Moral Rationale for Exclusion under Article 1F, ''International Journal of Refugee Law'', 2024; eeae025, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeae025, at page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The stark limits on Canada's willingness to take in refugees can be illustrated by looking at the main refugee groups that sought sanctuary during this period. As Irving Abella and Petra Molnar write, xenophobia and anti-semitism permeated Canada and &quot;there was little public support for, and much opposition to, the admission of refugees [to the end of the Second World War]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; For example, in the 1930s Canada restricted the admission of European Jews who sought safe haven from antisemitism and the emergence of fascism in Germany, but welcomed Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia in search of refuge given that they were considered to be more &quot;desirable&quot; immigrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; Armenian refugees were also subject to Canada's exclusionary policies. The Ottoman Empire began the mass killing, relocation, and deportation of its Armenian population in 1915. This claimed more than 1 million lives and resulted in more than half a million displaced persons. While 80,000 Armenian refugees would receive sanctuary in France, and 23,000 in the United States, fewer than 1,300 were admitted to Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 205.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Canada justified its restrictive resettlement policies by employing a narrow definition of who qualified for refugee protection (to the extent that it discussed the categorization whatsoever). For example, when Jewish organizations in Canada asked the Canadian government for permission to resettle Jewish refugees displaced in Europe, the government demurred, claiming that, since many had left Russia with the consent of the authorities, they could not be considered refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 204.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada also did not support efforts to expand the conception of who was entitled to refuge. In 1938, the US government brought together 30 countries for a conference on the subject of the worsening refugee situation in Europe. Canada was a reluctant participant, tarrying for months before accepting the US invitation to attend the Evian, France event. Valerie Knowles describes Canada's participation at the summer 1938 conference as having been &quot;minimal&quot; and states that it was to Canada's relief that the delegates at the conference accomplished little more than to produce a statement of lofty principles not actually necessitating more liberal immigration policies.&lt;ref name=&quot;:28&quot;&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 153.&lt;/ref&gt; The work of the Nansen International Office for Refugees, or IRO, was halted this year, largely due to the position of the USSR, and despite the about 600 thousand refugees still under the Office's protection.&lt;ref&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 123.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the separate Office of the High Commissioner of the League of Nations for Refugees continued to operate until 1946.&lt;ref&gt;Aleshkovski, I. A., Botcharova, Z. S., &amp; Grebenyuk, A. (2021). The Evolution of the International Protection of Refugees between the World Wars. In Social Evolution &amp; History (Vol. 20, Issue 2). Uchitel Publishing House. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2021.02.05&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 125.&lt;/ref&gt; The Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (ICR) that was established that year, mandated to assist Jews from Germany and Austria, operated without Canadian involvement.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Nonetheless, one aspect of Evian's legacy is that it is seen as a key moment in what Hathaway has called &quot;the individualization of refugee law&quot;, because when the ICR was founded, it set forth a definition of a refugee that focused for the first time on why people were being displaced, something that would come to influence the 1951 Refugee Convention.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, pages 39-40.&lt;/ref&gt;

Canada also appears to have disregarded the notion of ''refoulement'' in its deportation decisions. For example, in its zeal to expel Communists, Canada removed persons who would be persecuted in their home countries. Hans Kist reportedly died of torture in a German concentration camp after being sent to that country from Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:53&quot;&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 248.&lt;/ref&gt; Kelley and Trebilcock write that many activists sent to fascist countries such as Italy, Germany, Finland, and Croatia were also in danger of losing their lives upon return.&lt;ref name=&quot;:53&quot; /&gt;

That said, some people appropriately regarded as refugees did move to Canada during this time through Canada's regular immigration streams. In fact, Prime Minister Mackenzie King asserted that between 1932 and 1943 most of the immigrants who entered Canada were refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 262.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, between 1923 and 1930 close to 20,000 Mennonites from Russia were permitted to settle in Canada. As Kelley and Trebilcock set out the history, German-speaking Mennonite refugees from Russia came to Canada to escape hardship they were experiencing following the Russian revolution. Their refusal to take up arms during the revolution had alienated and angered both sides of the conflict, and Mennonites increasingly became the victims of brutal assaults and intimidation, which continued after the civil war ended. Throughout the 1920s, land expropriation, official intolerance of their religion, and threats of forcible relocation to Siberia prompted thousands to seek a safe haven elsewhere.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 199.&lt;/ref&gt;

== WWII-era refugee policies ==
Canadian refugee policy continued to be marked by antisemitism and xenophobia throughout the Second World War. Sanctuary was provided to many persons of favoured ethnicities, principally the British, and was denied to others. 

At the beginning of the war, Canada began to allow for the admission of British children in danger overseas. The government agreed to the admission of 5,000 British children and their mothers and more than 4,500 British children and 1,000 mothers came to Canada. The movement was abruptly terminated in 1940 when two ships carrying children to Canada were torpedoed.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 269.&lt;/ref&gt;

Entry for non-British persons was not facilitated in the same way. For example, a visible manifestation of the antisemitism which marked Canada's immigration and refugee policy at this time was the 1939 decision to deny admission to 930 Jewish refugees on the SS St. Louis seeking asylum from Nazi Germany. These refugees were instead sent back to what awaited them in Germany. When, later in the war, in 1943, Canada did announce that it intended to admit some Jewish refugees who had made their way to the Iberian peninsula, this is said to have &quot;ignited a storm of protest from anti-refugee interests&quot;. Quebec opposition leader Maurice Duplessis held rallies in which he charged that that provincial and federal Liberals were set to allow the &quot;International Zionist Brotherhood&quot; to, in his words, settle 100,000 Jewish refugees in Quebec in return for election financing.&lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot;&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 150.&lt;/ref&gt; Ultimately, Canada admitted fewer than 5,000 Jewish refugees during the Second World War, something Trebilcock and Kelley call one of the worst records of any democracy in providing assistance to the persecuted Jews of Europe.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 260.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, the US allowed 240,000, Britain 85,000, China 25,000, Argentina and Brazil over 25,000 each, and Mexico and Colombia received some 40,000 between them.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;Irving Abella and Petra Molnar, ''Refugees'', The Canadian Encyclopedia, June 21, 2019, &lt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/refugees&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; When a Canadian immigration official was asked how many Jews the country would admit after the war, their famous response was, “None is too many.”&lt;ref&gt;Marlene Epp, “Refugees in Canada: A Brief History,” Immigration And Ethnicity In Canada 35 (2017), &lt;https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c374fb005cf0.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), at 8 and Noakes, Taylor. &quot;None Is Too Many&quot;.  ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', 21 July 2022, ''Historica Canada''. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/none-is-too-many. Accessed 25 February 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Measures were also employed to exclude and restrict persons considered &quot;enemy aliens&quot; during the Second World War. Canada enacted mass internment policies that placed so-called German enemy aliens - Nazi sympathizers and Jewish refugees alike - into camps.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Regulations under the War Measures Act also restricted entry by Japanese immigrants, provided for the deportation of Canadian citizens of Japanese descent,&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf?sequence=2&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 84.&lt;/ref&gt; and effected the internment of Japanese persons.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; In February 1942 the government ordered the expulsion of some 22,000 Japanese Canadians from a 100-mile swath of the Pacific Coast. The majority were relocated in the interior of British Columbia, often in detention camps in isolated ghost towns. Japanese Canadians were forced to remain in these detention camps until the end of the war. Then, after the conclusion of hostilities, about 4,000 would surrender to pressure and leave Canada for Japan under the federal government's &quot;repatriation&quot; scheme. Of these, more than half were Canadian-born and two-thirds were Canadian citizens.&lt;ref name=&quot;:28&quot; /&gt; 

During the war, the British government also transported 2,500 &quot;enemy aliens&quot; to Canada. For the most part, these were German and Austrian nationals, many of them highly educated Jews, who had been living in Great Britain when the war erupted. Valerie Knowles describes their reception in Canada as follows:&lt;blockquote&gt;The Canadian government agreed to receive these male civilian internees in the belief that it would be assisting hard-pressed Britain by accepting custody of a number of &quot;potentially dangerous enemy aliens&quot;. Canadian authorities were therefore astonished to see a large assortment of teenage boys, university students, priests, and rabbis step ashore at Quebec. Despite their misgivings, however, the Canadians proceeded to place all in camps that resembled maximum security prisons. And it was here that scientists, theologians, musicians, teachers, artists, and writers, among others, would be forced to bide their time for months to come.&lt;ref name=&quot;:27&quot; /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Knowles notes that, fortunately for these prisoners, the British government soon realized that it had done a possibly grave injustice to many of the internees and initiated steps to have them released. In 1945, Canada reclassified these one-time prisoners as &quot;Interned Refugees (Friendly Aliens) from the United Kingdom&quot; and invited them to become Canadian citizens. 972 chose to do so.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 151.&lt;/ref&gt;

While Canada admitted a limited number of refugees during WWII, the number of refugees and displaced persons in other countries at this point was high: globally 175 million people—approximately 8 percent of the world population—were displaced in the aftermath of World War II.&lt;ref&gt;Fransen, S., &amp; Haas, H. (2021). Trends and Patterns of Global Refugee Migration. In Population and Development Review. Wiley. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12456&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; How to respond to them in a post-war environment became an increasing preoccupation of the Allied powers.

== United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the International Refugee Organization (IRO) ==
In 1943, with the end of World War II in sight, the allied powers began to lay the foundations of a post-war refugee regime. In that year, they established the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Agency (UNRRA) in preparation for the liberation of Europe.&lt;ref name=&quot;:30&quot;&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; The War had created a refugee crisis of at least 10 million, and perhaps as many as 14 million, stateless persons in Europe alone.&lt;ref&gt;The number of &quot;at least 10 million&quot; is provided in Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 7.

The number &quot;perhaps 14 million&quot; is provided in Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 11.&lt;/ref&gt; At war’s end, there were over a million displaced persons and refugees in crowded shelters maintained by United Nations agencies in Europe. Some of these people were concentration camp survivors, others were individuals who had been dispatched to labour camps in Germany and Austria, and still others were those refusing to be repatriated to communist regimes.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 157.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada provided funding to the UNRRA, which operated more than 800 displaced persons camps in Europe;&lt;ref&gt;Robert J. Shalka, ''The Resettlement of Displaced Persons in Canada (1947-1952),'' in Canadian Immigration Historical Society, Bulletin 96, March 2021, &lt;http://cihs-shic.ca/bulletin-96-march-2021/&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2021), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; distributed about $4 billion worth of goods, food, medicine, and tools, at a time of severe global shortage; and focused on the repatriation of displaced persons back to their home countries in Europe in 1945-46.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 155.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The activities of the UNRRA immediately began to be enmeshed in Cold War politics. The organization was faced with large numbers of displaced persons who were reluctant to return to countries where communist parties were taking a firm hold. Many Polish, Ukrainian, and Baltic persons were thus residing in camps, asking to be referred to a non-communist country, as opposed to their country of citizenship. Soviet officials objected to any willingness to countenance such demands. While the UNRRA was returning large numbers of displaced persons to their countries against their will at this point - perhaps some 2 million&lt;ref name=&quot;:81&quot;&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 23.&lt;/ref&gt; - this was becoming increasingly untenable.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Many of those being returned were fearful of returning to Stalin's Russia, and indeed significant numbers were executed and/or sent to labour camps.&lt;ref name=&quot;:81&quot;&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 23.&lt;/ref&gt; In response to this situation, in December 1946 Western governments decided to stop funding the UNRRA and to transfer the task of organizing resettlement work from the UNRRA to a new entity, the International Refugee Organization. Unlike the UNRRA, the IRO had no Soviet participation&lt;ref name=&quot;:31&quot; /&gt; and its chief function was not repatriation, but instead the overseas resettlement of refugees and displaced persons.&lt;ref name=&quot;:58&quot;&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, page 34.&lt;/ref&gt; The 1946 Constitution of the International Refugee Organization made some of this political context clear by denying protection to those who had collaborated with Axis countries, committed extraditable crimes, or engaged in the subversion of UN Member States.&lt;ref&gt;Colin Grey, Cosmopolitan Pariahs: The Moral Rationale for Exclusion under Article 1F, ''International Journal of Refugee Law'', 2024; eeae025, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeae025, at page 8.&lt;/ref&gt;  

As Shauna Labman writes, it was at this point that the focus of refugee law and institutions shifted from an individual's ''inability'' to return home to their ''unwillingness'' to return home.&lt;ref name=&quot;:30&quot; /&gt; In retrospect, this move to accommodate those with objections to returning to communist countries represented a sea-change in the international approach to refugees. Previously, international organizations had dealt only with specific groups of refugees, such as Russian or German refugees, and, in Gil Loescher's words, governments had never attempted to formulate a general definition of the term 'refugee'. For the first time, therefore, with the establishment of the IRO, the international community was making refugee eligibility dependent on the individual rather than group membership and accepted the individual's right to flee from political persecution to a safe country.&lt;ref name=&quot;:58&quot; /&gt; Alan Nash situates this within the politics of the time, noting that the West was seeking to legitimate its refusal to repatriate by developing the principle of ''non-refoulement'', which had heretofore featured little in previous refugee agreements by using an approach to managing refugees that extended relief to those who were unable or unwilling to adapt to the ideologies of their own countries and for whom continued residence there was intolerable.&lt;ref name=&quot;:86&quot; /&gt; 

To achieve its mandate, the IRO had its own specialized staff, a fleet of more than 40 ships, and, most importantly, the political and economic support of the developed world. With the opening up of this IRO resettlement program, the number of repatriations to Eastern Europe was reduced to a small trickle and the IRO began operations that would relocate more than 1 million Europeans to the Americas, Israel, Southern Africa, and Oceania.&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C. ''The Rights of Refugees under International Law''. 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2021, page 27.&lt;/ref&gt; After the Second World War, the Canadian government began to receive more pressure both domestically and internationally to fulfill its humanitarian responsibility of hosting displaced persons.&lt;ref&gt;Mark Rook, ''Identifying Better Refugee Policies for an Evolving Crisis'', April 21, 2020, University of Pennsylvania Honors Thesis, &lt;https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=ppe_honors&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), page 128.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1946, the Canadian government signed an order-in-council that allowed Canadians to sponsor displaced family members in Europe.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;Marlene Epp, “Refugees in Canada: A Brief History,” The Canadian Historical Association Immigration And Ethnicity In Canada Series 35 (2017), &lt;https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c374fb005cf0.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), at 10.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1947, Canada began to accept refugee referrals from the International Refugee Organization.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Refugee Protection in Canada: Resettlement's Role'', Canadian Diversity Magazine, Volume 17 No. 2 2020, &lt;https://dalspace.library.dal.ca/bitstream/handle/10222/79384/Labman%203C.pdf?sequence=1&gt; (Accessed June 20, 2020), at page 7 of the document.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada also deployed its own immigration officers overseas for the purposes of selecting from among the displaced persons.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, at p. 45 (para. 14).&lt;/ref&gt; Collectively, these arrivals comprised what was called the Displaced Persons Movement, which successfully resettled 186,154 persons to Canada over the course of six years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; Of these, 100,000 entered Canada between 1947 and 1951 through what were termed labour-sponsored movements whereby an employer could show the government that a job could not be filled locally and the government in turn would have the IRO refer two or three potential immigrants from among available refugees for each needed labourer.&lt;ref name=&quot;:55&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 340-341.&lt;/ref&gt; During the four and a half years of IRO operations, Canada would accept 12% of all refugees resettled by the organization, when compared to Australia at 18%, Israel at 13%, and Britain at 8%.&lt;ref name=&quot;:58&quot; /&gt; The terminology used at this time is not consistent: at times 'displaced persons' were contrasted with refugees in that displaced persons were those willing to return to their country of nationality post-war whereas refugees were not;&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 134.&lt;/ref&gt; at times the terms 'refugee' and 'displaced person' were used as synonyms; and at times the term 'displaced persons' was used to refer to what we now think of as 'internally displaced persons', in contrast to 'refugees' who had fled across a border from their home state.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 135.&lt;/ref&gt;

When announcing the government's willingness to allow the movement of war survivors to Canada on May 1 1947, Prime Minister Mackenzie King articulated the government's position as follows: &quot;It is not a 'fundamental human right' of any alien to enter Canada. It is a privilege. It is a matter of domestic policy. Immigration is subject to the control of the parliament of Canada.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Statement to the House of Commons, May 1, 1947, as cited in Kaprielian-Churchill, I. (1994). Rejecting “Misfits:” Canada and the Nansen Passport. ''International Migration Review'', ''28''(2), 281–306. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800203&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; Despite such protestations to the contrary, this speech is seen as the beginning of Canada accommodating the concept of human rights enshrined in the then-new United Nations Charter. For example, in deference to the UN Charter, Mackenzie King announced that the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923 would be repealed and that Chinese residents of Canada would be able to apply for naturalization.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 163.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, it was at this time that Canada was involved in discussions about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which would emerge in 1948 recognizing that “everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.”&lt;ref&gt;Smieszek M. (2021) Rights of Asylum: Overview of International and European Laws Concerning Inclusion and Exclusion. In: The Evolving Psyche of Law in Europe. Springer, Cham. https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74413-7_2 at 2.2.&lt;/ref&gt; Despite this growing accommodation to human rights rhetoric, King's realpolitik was reflected in Canada's actions: the tens of thousands of displaced persons that Canada accepted during this post-war period were &quot;carefully selected, and most of them would have satisfied our standards if they had been applying as immigrants&quot;, according to one contemporary author.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 34.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, it is arguable that the Holocaust had surprisingly little effect on refugee policies in the immediate post-war decades, especially in comparison to the effect of Cold War power politics on Canada's actions.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 21.&lt;/ref&gt;

1947 also saw the birth of the concept of Canadian citizenship, with the coming into force of the ''Canadian Citizenship Act'' that January''.''&lt;ref&gt;''Taylor v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2006 FC 1053 (CanLII), at para 2, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1p7ch#par2&gt;, retrieved on 2021-09-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Before the Citizenship Act, the people of this country were British subjects. The new Act eliminated the classification &quot;British subject&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; and merged the pre-existing legal concepts of “nationality” and “citizenship” into a single status, that of “Canadian citizen”, and in so doing sought to create a unifying symbol for Canadians.&lt;ref&gt;''Taylor v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2006 FC 1053 (CanLII), at para 122, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1p7ch#par122&gt;, retrieved on 2021-09-11.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The founding of the UNHCR, negotiation of the Refugee Convention, and growing refugee intake ==
The International Refugee Organization had a time-limited mandate. The assumption of the international community was that refugees and displaced persons were a creation of war, hence an end to the fighting would mean an end to the existence of such individuals.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 129.&lt;/ref&gt; However, as the IRO's June 1950 termination date neared, refugees continued to abound in Europe. Indeed, they were increasingly arriving across Western European borders from the Eastern Bloc.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; As a result, on December 3, 1949, the UN General Assembly decided to establish the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).&lt;ref name=&quot;:61&quot; /&gt; A year later, on December 14, 1950, the ''Statute of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees'' was passed by the UN General Assembly, which defined the UNHCR's mandate to provide for the protection of refugees and forcibly displaced people and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local assimilation, or resettlement to a third country.&lt;ref&gt;Mark Rook, ''Identifying Better Refugee Policies for an Evolving Crisis'',  April 21, 2020, University of Pennsylvania Honors Thesis, &lt;https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=ppe_honors&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; The UNHCR began its work on January 1, 1951 with a staff of 99 and a budget of $300,000.&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 79.&lt;/ref&gt; It ha a humanitarian mandate and was to be of an entirely non-political character.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; At that point, the IRO was engaged in an extended wind-up of its operations, which it completed in 1952.&lt;ref&gt;Chetail, V. (2019). ''International Migration Law''. London, England: Oxford University Press, page 58.&lt;/ref&gt; The UNHCR, too, was intended to be temporary, with the UN General Assembly giving the organization a 3-year mandate to address the needs of displaced Europeans from World War II.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 1.&lt;/ref&gt; 

At the same time, negotiation of what would become the foundational treaty for modern refugee protection, the 1951 ''United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees'', was underway. The preparatory work for the Convention started in 1948,&lt;ref&gt;Terje Einarsen, ‘Drafting History of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol’ in Andreas Zimmermann (ed), ''The 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and Its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary'' (OUP 2011).&lt;/ref&gt; with the initiation of the UN Secretary-General’s ‘Study on Statelessness’.&lt;ref name=&quot;:57&quot;&gt;Giladi, R. (August 2021). ''Jews, sovereignty, and International Law: Ideology and ambivalence in early Israeli legal diplomacy''. Oxford University Press, ISBN  9780198857396, page 229.&lt;/ref&gt; The first round of negotiations in the drafting of the Refugee Convention then began through what was termed the ''Ad Hoc Committee on Statelessness and Related Problems,'' which was appointed by the UN Economic and Social Council on 8 August 1949.&lt;ref name=&quot;:51&quot;&gt;Smieszek M. (2021) The Conflicted Making of International Refugee Law. In: The Evolving Psyche of Law in Europe. Springer, Cham. https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74413-7_4, at 4.5.&lt;/ref&gt; The ''Ad Hoc'' Committee was said to comprise a small circle of government representatives possessing ‘special competence’ on the subject, in the words of the relevant ECOSOC resolution.&lt;ref&gt;ECOSOC Res.248(IX) (8 August 1949).&lt;/ref&gt; It was mandated to consider, and act on, the recommendations made in the Secretary-General’s ‘Study on Statelessness’.&lt;ref name=&quot;:57&quot; /&gt; Cold War politics were felt during these discussions largely through the absence of the eastern block countries—the USSR and Poland first ‘walked out’ and then boycotted the ''Ad Hoc'' Committee in protest of the participation of (Nationalist) China.&lt;ref&gt;Giladi, R. (August 2021). ''Jews, sovereignty, and International Law: Ideology and ambivalence in early Israeli legal diplomacy''. Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780198857396, page 238.&lt;/ref&gt; The committee, chaired by Canadian Leslie Chance, met from 16 January to 16 February 1950, and prepared the first draft of a refugee convention.&lt;ref&gt;Molloy, M. J., &amp; Madokoro, L. (2017). Effecting Change: Civil Servants and Refugee Policy in 1970s Canada. ''Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees'', ''33''(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40448, page 53.&lt;/ref&gt;

The ''Ad Hoc'' Committee then provided its report to the Social Committee of the UN Economic and Social Council. Discussions among the 15 country representatives on the Social Committee then took place over the course of eight meetings from 31 July to 10 August 1950.&lt;ref name=&quot;:51&quot; /&gt; A draft text was voted on by ECOSOC, and the text then passed to the UN General Assembly. On December 14, 1950, the General Assembly debated and then adopted a draft of the text by 41 votes to 5, with 10 abstentions.&lt;ref&gt;Smieszek M. (2021) The Conflicted Making of International Refugee Law. In: The Evolving Psyche of Law in Europe. Springer, Cham. https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74413-7_4, at 4.7.&lt;/ref&gt; 

From there, a committee entitled the ''UN Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons'' was formed to conduct the final negotiations on the Convention.&lt;ref&gt;Ira, L. Frank. (1977). “Effect of the 1967 United Nations Protocol on the Status of Refugees in the United States.” The International Lawyer, Volume 11, Number 2, American Bar Association, at 294.&lt;/ref&gt; The much-discussed ''travaux préparatoires'' of the Refugee Convention are from these meetings, which ran from July 2 to July 25, 1951, with the Convention being signed three days later on July 28.&lt;ref&gt;United Nations, ''Final Act of the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons'', 25 July 1951, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 189, p. 137, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3e2becbb4.html [accessed 3 August 2021]&lt;/ref&gt;  

Pursuant to this Refugee Convention, refugee status was a label held by individuals on the grounds of their personal circumstances. This contrasted with earlier definitions that had generally applied to all nationals of a particular state or persons of a particular ethnic group from that state, and in so doing required the asylum seeker to provide a more personalized account of their experiences as well as the general situation in the country of origin. Thereby, the scope of protection was narrowed and the importance of individual screenings increased.&lt;ref&gt;Karin Åberg, ''Examining the Vulnerability Procedure: Group-based Determinations at the EU Border'', Refugee Survey Quarterly, September 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdab011, page 16.&lt;/ref&gt;  

Cold War politics played an important role in the countries that participated in this conference—while 26 nations attended the negotiations,&lt;ref name=&quot;:85&quot;&gt;Cohen GD. The Post-war Refugee Problem and Its Repercussions for 2015. Journal of Modern European History. February 2022. doi:10.1177/16118944221077424&lt;/ref&gt; other than Yugoslavia, no Soviet bloc country was present.&lt;ref&gt;Giladi, R. (August 2021). ''Jews, sovereignty, and International Law: Ideology and ambivalence in early Israeli legal diplomacy''. Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780198857396, page 241.&lt;/ref&gt; While the Soviet Union had wanted a different approach from the individualized one that emerged from the conference, its absence from the negotiations led to Western nations prevailing in stressing the search for individual liberty as the central feature of refugee protection.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 57.&lt;/ref&gt; A contrasting Soviet view can be see in that country's 1976 Constitution:&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Article 38.''' The USSR grants the right of asylum to foreigners persecuted for defending the interests of the working people and the cause of peace, or for participation in the revolutionary and national-liberation movement, or for progressive social and political, scientific, or other creative activity.&lt;/blockquote&gt;Canada was seen to be a leader at the conference drafting the Convention: it was one of twenty-six countries to send a delegate to participate in the conference;&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; a Canadian, Leslie Chance, chaired the conference;&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 35.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada was the country in the Americas that presented the most proposals during the process of drafting the Convention, voicing comments during discussions that were otherwise dominated by the European states; and Canada was a part of the working group vested with the responsibility of drafting arguably the key part of the Convention - the definition of a refugee in Art. 1 of the document.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, ''Regional Developments: Americas'', at p. 210 (para. 19).&lt;/ref&gt; Canadian chairman Leslie Chance reported “we have been regarded throughout as taking a forward attitude.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;As quoted in Christopher Anderson, “Restricting Rights, Losing Control: The Politics of Control over Asylum Seekers in Liberal Democratic States – Lessons from the Canadian Case, 1951-1989,” ''Canadian Journal of Political Science'', 43.4 (2010): 945.&lt;/ref&gt; As an aside, Chance's statement could be regarded as somewhat self-serving given the shifting positions Canada took at the conference, for example arguing, ''contra'' France and the United Kingdom, for the inclusion of temporal and geographical limitations in the Convention, prior to flipping that position and arguing against such restrictions.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, at p. 56 (para. 38).&lt;/ref&gt; In any event, Canada did ultimately advocate at the conference &quot;in favour of the widest possible definition&quot; and took the position that &quot;the purpose of the Convention was to protect refugees, not states.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Conference of Plenipotentiaries, UN Doc. A/CONF.2/SR.21 (1951), p. 6. See also Krause, U. Colonial roots of the 1951 Refugee Convention and its effects on the global refugee regime. ''J Int Relat Dev'' (2021). &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1057/s41268-020-00205-9&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 16.&lt;/ref&gt;

The ensuing Convention provides a definition of a refugee and outlines the rights to which such people are entitled. The rights are a series of claims individuals can make against states: principally, the right not to be forcibly returned to a country in which there is a risk of serious harm (''non-refoulement''), as well as, for those recognized as refugees, key civil, political, economic, and social rights.&lt;ref&gt;Betts, Alexander, and Paul Collier. ''Refuge: Rethinking Refugee Policy in a Changing World''. 2017: New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Page 37.&lt;/ref&gt; While other Commonwealth states like Australia and Britain ratified this resultant Convention, Canada declined to do so.&lt;ref&gt;Giladi, R. (August 2021). ''Jews, sovereignty, and International Law: Ideology and ambivalence in early Israeli legal diplomacy''. Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780198857396, page 262.&lt;/ref&gt; By way of explanation, then Secretary of State for External Affairs Lester B. Pearson announced that the government was concerned the Convention would give the refugee “the right to be represented in the hearing of his appeal against deportation” and, further, that the Convention would “grant rights to communists or to other persons who believed in the destruction of fundamental human rights and freedoms.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The Canadian government also noted with concern that, &quot;some sections of the Convention appeared to prohibit states from deporting 'bona fide' refugees, even on grounds of national security&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Gerald E Dirks, ''Canada's Refugee Policy: Indifference or Opportunism'' (Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1977), 180.&lt;/ref&gt; This reflected the RCMP’s belief that the Convention would restrict Canada’s right to deport refugees on security grounds and the government’s suspicion that the International Refugee Organization was infiltrated by communists.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 345.&lt;/ref&gt; Without Canada, the Refugee Convention entered into force on April 22, 1954.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR, ''States Parties to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol'', &lt;https://www.unhcr.org/protection/basic/3b73b0d63/states-parties-1951-convention-its-1967-protocol.html&gt; (Accessed August 28, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; 

Despite not signing the Convention, in the ensuing years Canada inexorably became more involved in refugee matters:

* &lt;u&gt;Pledging to respect non-refoulement obligations:&lt;/u&gt; Despite not signing the Convention, Canada pledged to nonetheless uphold the Convention’s non-refoulement obligation. In practice, Canada had no difficulty in ensuring compliance with what it viewed to be the requirements of the Convention because, from the late 1940s, and in line with US practice,&lt;ref&gt;Rebecca Hamlin, ''Crossing: How We Label and React to People on the Move'', Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021, ISBN 9781503627888, page 44.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada's Immigration Branch had invoked an administrative ban on deportations to any Communist country.&lt;ref name=&quot;:42&quot;&gt;Raphael Girard, ''Asylum Policy in Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 2. See also: Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 300.&lt;/ref&gt; Haddad notes that such a commitment was not onerous as the numbers emerging from behind the Iron Curtain were minimal for the simple reason that &quot;refugees could not escape&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:62&quot;&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 143.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Financially supporting UNHCR:&lt;/u&gt; Canada financially supported the UNHCR from its establishment.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; That said, Canada's contributions to UNHCR for the maintenance of refugees during this period have been described as &quot;minimal&quot; and in 1952 the Canadian government eliminated the UNHCR’s Canadian office.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 93.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Becoming a member of UNHCR ExCom:&lt;/u&gt; In 1959, began to sit on the then-new UNHCR Executive Committee, an advisory body of states that gives guidance to the High Commissioner.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 250.&lt;/ref&gt; The UN General Assembly established the Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in 1958, several years after the founding of the UNHCR. ExCom is responsible for approving the Office's annual budget and programme, for setting standards and reaching conclusions on international refugee protection policy issues, and for providing guidance on UNHCR's management, objectives, and priorities. In the 1950s, this group started with 24 member states.&lt;ref name=&quot;:59&quot;&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, pages 62-63.&lt;/ref&gt; ExCom members need not have ratified the ''Refugee Convention'', but are instead selected ‘on the basis of their demonstrated interest in and devotion to the solution of the refugee problem’.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR Statute, art 4.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Growing refugee resettlement and admissions:&lt;/u&gt; At the time of UNHCR's creation, one of its principal tasks was to resolve the situation of those in displaced persons camps in Europe. Despite an initial expectation that this could be accomplished quickly, as of 1960 the UNHCR was still running refugee camps in Europe for persons displaced during WWII.&lt;ref&gt;Bon Tempo, Carl J. 2008. ''Americans at the gate: the United States and refugees during the Cold War''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Page 98.&lt;/ref&gt; For its part, by this time Canada had admitted nearly 250,000 displaced persons from Europe,&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 20.&lt;/ref&gt; many of whose journeys to Canada had been subsidized by a Canadian government seeking to recruit more workers for a booming economy.&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;Encyclopedia, The Canadian. &quot;Canadian Refugee Policy&quot;.  The Canadian Encyclopedia, 10 November 2020, Historica Canada. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-refugee-policy. Accessed 30 December 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; In the years following the UNHCR's creation, Canada also allowed for refugee entry on an ad-hoc basis for those displaced from other regions and for other reasons, ranging from small groups, such as when Canada admitted 39 Palestinian families in the wake of the displacement occasioned by the founding of the State of Israel,&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; to larger movements, including the 37,000 Hungarian refugees Canada admitted following the Hungarian Revolution in 1956.&lt;ref&gt;Mark Rook, ''Identifying Better Refugee Policies for an Evolving Crisis'', April 21, 2020, University of Pennsylvania Honors Thesis, &lt;https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=ppe_honors&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), page 129.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, while Canada did not immediately accede to the 1951 Convention, Cabinet was quick to approve the usage of the Convention definition of refugee when selecting refugees for resettlement.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Immigration Historical Society, CIHS Bulletin Issue #110, September 2024, ISSN 1485-8460, &lt;https://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Bulletin-110-2024-09.pdf&gt;, page 1.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Increasing procedural fairness for migrants in Canada:&lt;/u&gt; Canada also saw a movement towards increasing the extent of procedural fairness offered to migrants in Canada, providing for the creation of immigration appeal boards in 1952 which could hear appeals from decisions to deport aliens. Details of the IABs and their history follow below. That said, Canada's overall immigration laws continued to restrict persons for reasons of race, class, and health, and &quot;national security&quot; concerns related to the fear of communism, which were used to reject more than 29,000 applications to enter Canada between 1946 and 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

== Non-discrimination measures ==
The 1952 Immigration Act empowered Cabinet to limit the admission of migrants by reason of a large number of grounds that allowed for Canada's discriminatory policies, including:&lt;blockquote&gt;(i) nationality, citizenship, ethnic group, occupation, class or geographical area of origin,

(ii) peculiar customs, habits, modes of life or methods of holding property,

(iii) unsuitability having regard to the climatic, economic, social, industrial, educational, labour, health or other conditions or requirements existing ... in Canada ... or

(iv) probable inability to become readily assimilated or to assume the duties and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship ...&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 330.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Furthermore, to this point Canada's immigration service had been plagued by widespread corruption. Among applicants, the Deputy Minister Keenleyside noted, there was a widespread belief that &quot;even the simplest and most proper requests had to be lubricated with monetary or more personal favours.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 27.&lt;/ref&gt;

By the 1960s, values were changing across Canada, and around the world, and Canada’s racially-based, Eurocentric approach to immigration and refugee policy was becoming less and less aligned with how the country both viewed itself and wished itself to be seen. Canada’s unofficial ban on black immigrants was costing it diplomatic legitimacy with newly independent former colonies and, by 1961, Britain had begun to pressure Canada to change its policies, as it had an open door to immigrants, such as those from the West Indies, that were barred entry into Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 337.&lt;/ref&gt; Further, this race-based approach clearly contradicted the then-new Canadian Bill of Rights, which prohibited discrimination by reason of race, national origin, colour, religion, or sex.&lt;ref&gt;Clare Glassco, ''Before the Sun Comes Up: The Making of Canadian Refugee Policy amidst the Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia, 1975-1980'', April 1, 2020 &lt;https://heartsoffreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Revised-FINAL-April-3-Before-the-Sun-Comes-Up.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2020), page 9 of the document.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Canada began to repeatedly liberalize who it was prepared to admit, for example admitting 325 tubercular refugees and their families around 1960, the first time that Canada had waived its health requirements for refugees.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; In 1962, Prime Minister Diefenbaker's Immigration Minister tabled new regulations in the House that eliminated racial discrimination as a major feature of Canada's immigration policy. With this revision, historian Valerie Knowles states that the last vestige of discrimination which remained in the immigration regulations was a provision that allowed immigrants from Europe and the Americas to sponsor a wider range of relatives, something that was inserted at the last moment because of a fear that there would be an influx of sponsorships by persons from India.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 187.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1965, Canada ratified the four Geneva Conventions which form the basis of international humanitarian law,&lt;ref&gt;Humanrightscommitments.ca, ''Geneva Conventions and Protocols'', &lt;http://humanrightscommitments.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Geneva-Conventions.pdf&gt; (Accessed September 26, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt; including the 1949 ''Geneva Convention Relating to the Protection of Individuals in Times of War'' which includes a provision that refugees should not be considered enemy aliens if they had formerly had the nationality of an enemy power.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 78.&lt;/ref&gt; Then, in 1966 Lester B. Pearson's government created the ''Department of Manpower and Immigration'' and mandated it with the responsibility of processing refugees without “discrimination by race, country or religion”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; That department set to work and in 1967 all vestiges of discrimination were removed from the immigration regulations, if not the statutes themselves, and the government implemented its much-vaunted 'points system' in the regulations to guide the selection of many categories of immigrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:26&quot; /&gt;

That said, Canada's immigration laws continued to restrict persons who were &quot;undesirable&quot;, which was used as a basis for screening prospective immigrants for &quot;national security&quot; concerns related to feared communist subversion.&lt;ref&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 33.&lt;/ref&gt; This was used to reject more than 29,000 applications to enter Canada between 1946 and 1958.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; 

== Immigration Appeal Boards ==
Immigration Appeal Boards, which could hear appeals from decisions to deport aliens, became a feature of the ''Immigration Act'' in 1952. Each board would consist of three staff members from the immigration department selected by the executive on an ''ad hoc'' basis. The ability to have recourse to an immigration appeal board was, from the time of their creation, limited: all appeals were to be heard by the Minister unless, at the Minister's discretion, the appeal was directed to an IAB.&lt;ref name=&quot;:67&quot;&gt;''An Act respecting Immigration'', SC 1952, c 42, s 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the Minister could also reverse any decision of an IAB.&lt;ref name=&quot;:68&quot;&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 331.&lt;/ref&gt;

1962 regulations expanded the jurisdiction of these boards to include appeals from all deportation decisions under the Act.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 338.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, while immigration to Canada continued to be considered a privilege, and not a right, basic due process protections were coming to be seen as properly extended to aliens. Specifically, as Trebilcock and Kelley note, it was coming to be accepted that the rules governing admission or deportation of aliens should be reasonably well specified and transparent, and that deportation decisions should generally be open to challenge before a neutral tribunal.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 351.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, at this point, the Immigration Appeal Boards played what Trebilcock and Kelley describe as “a very minor role” in immigration decisions because their jurisdiction was limited to questions of law, and in view of the large discretionary powers granted to the immigration department, errors of law were quite rare.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 349.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, given that the boards were controlled by immigration officials, they could be considered neither neutral nor independent.

In March 1967, the ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'' changed this. This Act emerged from what was called the Sedgwick Report, drawn up by Joseph Sedgwick, Q.C., a one-man board of inquiry which had been commissioned by the government to study a series of highly controversial deportations. In June 1964, Sedgwick was asked by the Federal Government to inquire into serious allegations made in the House of Commons and elsewhere that certain aliens have been unlawfully detained and deprived of access to counsel.&lt;ref&gt;Statistics Canada, Immigration Policy and Administration, 223, &lt;https://www66.statcan.gc.ca/eng/1966/196602510223_p.%20223.pdf&gt; (Accessed October 21, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt;

The principal features of the newly reconstituted Board following the passage of the 1967 ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'' were:

* &lt;u&gt;Independence:&lt;/u&gt; Chief among the recommendations was the establishment of a completely independent Immigration Appeal Board.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 191-192.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board was no longer controlled by immigration officials, but was instead a quasi-judicial entity independent of the Department of Manpower and Immigration. The Governor in Council now appointed the members of the IAB to serve fixed terms.&lt;ref name=&quot;:70&quot;&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 300.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1973, the IAB's independence was further strengthened through legislative amendments which provided that some IAB members would be appointed on a permanent basis, while others would be appointed to serve renewable two-year terms.&lt;ref name=&quot;:70&quot;&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 300.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Broader jurisdiction:&lt;/u&gt; The Board assumed the status of a court of record.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration Appeal Board Act'', SC 1966-67, c 90, s. 11.&lt;/ref&gt; A right of appeal to the Board was created for everyone who had been ordered deported from Canada, and for denial of Canadian citizens’ family sponsorship applications.&lt;ref&gt;Raphael Girard, ''Effects of Postwar Immigration Selection Policy on Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada,'' in Canadian Immigration Historical Society, Bulletin 96, March 2021, &lt;http://cihs-shic.ca/bulletin-96-march-2021/&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2021), page 4.&lt;/ref&gt; Persons could appeal to the IAB on grounds of law, fact, mixed fact and law,&lt;ref name=&quot;:54&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 371.&lt;/ref&gt; or compassion.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; As of 1972, could stay a deportation where there were reasonable grounds for believing that if execution of the order was carried out the person concerned will be punished for activities of a political character or will suffer unusual hardship, or because of the existence of compassionate or humanitarian considerations that in the opinion of the Board warranted the granting of special relief.&lt;ref&gt;''Boulis v. Minister of Manpower and Immigration,'' 1972 CanLII 4 (SCC), [1974] SCR 875, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1nfn8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-22.&lt;/ref&gt; As described below, from 1973 the grounds for appeal came to include those who believed themselves to be refugees in accordance with the 1951 Geneva Convention. However, even prior to this time, any person who had been refused landing and ordered deported could appeal to the IAB, and the Board could order that person to be landed. Because the Board had a flexible and generous compassionate jurisdiction, in Plaut's view, refugees were &quot;to a large extent&quot; accommodated under the IAB's procedures, and &quot;there was therefore no real need for a specific refugee determination process&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:83&quot; /&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Final authority over deportation decisions:&lt;/u&gt; Under the 1952 ''Immigration Act'', the IAB consisted of Immigration Branch officials who made recommendations to the Minister, which the Minister could accept or reject at their discretion. Decisions of the newly reconstituted IAB were instead final (subject only to judicial review, as set out below).&lt;ref name=&quot;:55&quot; /&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Leave requirement for judicial review:&lt;/u&gt; IAB decisions were final, subject to an appeal, with leave, to the Supreme Court of Canada on questions of law, including jurisdiction.&lt;ref name=&quot;:54&quot; /&gt; As commentators have noted, these leave requirements have effectively served to &quot;insulate&quot; such administrative decisions from judicial review.&lt;ref&gt;Molly Joeck, ''Canadian Exclusion Jurisprudence post-Febles'', International Journal of Refugee Law, 17 September 2021; Advance Article, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeab034, page 17.&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1967 changes to the Immigration Appeal Board are said to have proceduralized and judicialized immigration policy to an unprecedented degree and to have presaged calls for similar due process protections in the determination of refugee claims.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 357.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the Board had a statutory limit of 7 to 9 judges&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot;&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; (later increased to 10) and was unable to keep pace with the scale of removals being ordered.&lt;ref name=&quot;:39&quot;&gt;Raphael Girard, ''Effects of Postwar Immigration Selection Policy on Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada,'' in Canadian Immigration Historical Society, Bulletin 96, March 2021, &lt;[http://cihs-shic.ca/bulletin-96-march-2021/ http://cihs-shic.ca/bulletin-96-march-2021/]&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2021), page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; Almost immediately, the Board was swamped with a backlog that, at existing case processing rates, was expected to take decades to go through.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 202.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, as of August 1973 the IAB had a backlog of 17,000 cases, which it was deciding at a rate of 100 cases per month.&lt;ref name=&quot;:56&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 373.&lt;/ref&gt; In effect, anybody wanting to achieve ''de facto'' permanent residence in Canada needed only to lodge an appeal of their deportation with the Immigration Appeal Board to be added to the Board's backlog, which began to extend into the 21st century.&lt;ref name=&quot;:39&quot; /&gt; 

As a result, in 1973 the government amended the ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'' to abolish the universal right of appeal for all persons in Canada. Instead, only permanent residents, valid visa holders, and persons claiming to be refugees or Canadian citizens were given a right of appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:56&quot; /&gt; In order to clear the backlog, the government also instituted a one-time amnesty program, which more than 39,000 people availed themselves of, including a significant number of US draft dodgers.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 202-203.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Negotiation of the 1967 Refugee Protocol ==
The 1951 Convention was seen by many as a Convention that reflected European experience - and by its terms was limited to those fleeing persecution ‘as a result of events occurring before 1 January 1951'. In the 1950s, refugees were emerging in other parts of the world in increasing numbers. In the 1950s, for example, anti-communist and nationalist Chinese refugees fled to Hong Kong in large numbers. In the 1960s, decolonization in Africa saw the scale of the refugee phenomenon there grow. Estimates put the total refugee population of Africa at 400,000 in 1964, a figure that had reached one million by the end of the decade.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 149.&lt;/ref&gt; To wit, in the early 1960s, 150,000 Tutsi refugees fled Rwanda for Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania and Zaire; more than 80,000 refugees from Zaire could be found in Burundi, the Central African Republic, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania by 1966; the first Sudanese war that ended in 1972 created 170,000 refugees; and there were 250,000 refugees from Rhodesia in Mozambique, Zambia and Botswana by the end of the 1970s. 

UNHCR responded in a number of ways. In 1957 it developed what was called its ‘good offices’ mandate, which allowed the organization to bypass the geographical limitations of the Geneva Convention and assist in, ''inter alia'', Hong Kong.&lt;ref name=&quot;:85&quot; /&gt; In the mid to late 1960s, negotiations started to expand the temporal and geographic scope of the 1951 ''Refugee Convention''. The Organization of African Unity's move to negotiate a regional refugee convention for Africa was feared by the UNHCR as something that could limit its authority and undermine the (supposedly) universal regime it shepherded.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 154-155.&lt;/ref&gt; The 1967 Protocol was UNHCR's response. As articulated by the UNHCR, the motivation behind this initiative was to ensure that the ''de facto'' racial distinctions built into the 1951 Convention yielded to a growing anti-discrimination postcolonial zeitgeist:&lt;blockquote&gt;The Convention had led to an unfortunate discrimination among the different groups of refugees, in particular with regard to the African refugees. Such discrimination conflicted with the Statute of his Office and was contrary to the universal spirit of the Convention itself.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 14.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The resultant protocol was signed at New York in January 1967. It entered into force that October. The changes that the protocol made to the 1951 Refuge Convention were straightforward: extending the territorial and temporal scope of the Refugee Convention to cover refugees outside of Europe and those displaced for newly emerging reasons.&lt;ref&gt;Savitri Taylor, Klaus Neumann, ''Australia and the Abortive Convention on Territorial Asylum: A Case Study of a Cul de Sac in International Refugee and Human Rights Law'', International Journal of Refugee Law, eeaa006, [https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeaa006 &lt;https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeaa006]&gt;, page 4.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada was a laggard in signing the instrument. It initially refused to commit to the initiative to negotiate a protocol to the ''Refugee Convention'' on the basis that it was preparing what it termed its ''White Paper on Immigration.''&lt;ref&gt;Robert F Barsky, ''From the 1965 Bellagio Colloquium to the Adoption of the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees'', International Journal of Refugee Law, eeaa013, https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeaa013.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1966 Canada released this ''White Paper'' to, in researcher Clare Glassco's words, &quot;test the waters&quot; for making more fundamental changes to the immigration regime.&lt;ref name=&quot;:63&quot; /&gt; Reaction to the White Paper was, however, tepid to negative.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; As a result, it would be three years until Canada would come to sign onto the 1967 Refugee Protocol. 

== Canada's ratification of the ''Refugee Convention'' and ''Protocol'' ==
Among many initiatives, the 1966 ''White Paper on Immigration'' committed to the establishment of an immigration admissions policy that would be free from discrimination on the grounds of &quot;race, colour or religion&quot;. Further, the Paper proposed both the introduction of a refugee determination process within Canada’s borders, as well as the ratification of the 1951 UN Refugee Convention. As immigration official E.P. Beasley noted in 1966, in reference to the need for a clear refugee policy, in his view Canada had “become a country of first asylum,” and, thus, “the time may have come to set forth in legislation machinery and a methodology for determining these individual cases more precisely and more fairly.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:63&quot;&gt;Clare Glassco, ''Before the Sun Comes Up: The Making of Canadian Refugee Policy amidst the Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia, 1975-1980'', April 1, 2020 &lt;https://heartsoffreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Revised-FINAL-April-3-Before-the-Sun-Comes-Up.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2020), page 10 of the document.&lt;/ref&gt; The concept of a &quot;first country of asylum&quot; in this context refers to a situation where Canada is the first country that grants protection to an individual, as opposed to resettling individuals who have already found temporary protection elsewhere.&lt;ref&gt;UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ''Global Consultations on International Protection/Third Track: Asylum Processes (Fair and Efficient Asylum Procedures)'', 31 May 2001, EC/GC/01/12, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3b36f2fca.html [accessed 6 May 2020], paras. 10-11.&lt;/ref&gt; An overall 'concept of control' had arguably traditionally governed Canada's refugee admission policies, a concept designed to control the 'quality' of those admitted, to ensure refugee selection overseas, and to prevent uncontrolled movement into Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:75&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page x.&lt;/ref&gt; At this time, Canada was increasingly seeing itself as a country of first asylum as Cold War crises caused thousands to seek safe haven in the West.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; That said, reaction to the White Paper was sharply negative,&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; which accounts for why it took a further three years to make significant reforms to the immigration regime. 

In May 1969 Canada ratified the 1957 ''Agreement Relating to Refugee Seamen''.&lt;ref&gt;Whatconvention.org: International Legal Search Engine, ''Ratifications of the Agreement relating to Refugee Seamen, 1957'', &lt;https://www.whatconvention.org/en/ratifications/47?sort_by=comments&amp;order=asc&gt; (Accessed September 25, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt; Then, a month later, in June 1969 Canada ratified the 1951 ''Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees'' as well as the 1967 ''Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees''.&lt;ref&gt;Canada acceded to the Refugee Convention on June 4, 1969: Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 295. See also: Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014. Print. Page 34.&lt;/ref&gt; A statement by the Department of Manpower and Immigration at the time said that accession &quot;would not alter the generous treatment Canada had traditionally extended to refugees&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 38.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, at that time, most refugees were from Eastern Europe, and it was Canadian policy not to return them forcibly, and as such they were generally given immigrant status. Very few persons at that time entered Canada from the parts of the world that are major refugee-producing hotspots today. Furthermore, at that time refugees could apply for residency from within Canada and be considered under our general immigration policy.&lt;ref name=&quot;:83&quot;&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 54.&lt;/ref&gt;

Despite ratifying the aforementioned international instruments regarding refugees in 1969, no statute-based, official refugee policy existed in Canada for affirmative claims until the implementation of the 1976 ''Immigration Act''.&lt;ref&gt;Clare Glassco, ''Before the Sun Comes Up: The Making of Canadian Refugee Policy amidst the Refugee Crisis in Southeast Asia, 1975-1980'', April 1, 2020 &lt;https://heartsoffreedom.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Revised-FINAL-April-3-Before-the-Sun-Comes-Up.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2020), page 5 of the document.&lt;/ref&gt; Instead, refugee claims were dealt with on an ''ad hoc'' basis by the then Department of Manpower and Immigration.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 14.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1972, the regulation permitting immigration applications to be made from within Canada was revoked.&lt;ref name=&quot;:84&quot;&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 55.&lt;/ref&gt; This policy change would drive more people in Canada who did not want to be removed to avail themselves of the country's nascent refugee determination procedures. In 1973 the Canadian government established its first formal administrative structure to deal with refugee claimants. An interdepartmental committee comprised of representatives from the Departments of External Affairs and Manpower and Immigration met to assess individual claims and forward their recommendations to the Minister of Manpower and Immigration who had the authority to decide whether a refugee claimant could remain in Canada or would be deported.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, the ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'' was amended that year to empower the Board to quash a deportation order against a person it determined to be a Convention refugee&lt;ref name=&quot;:42&quot; /&gt; and to also grant special relief in other cases because the claimant would suffer undue hardship or where humanitarian and compassionate considerations could be invoked.&lt;ref name=&quot;:78&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 39. See also W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 15.&lt;/ref&gt; While refugees were given a statutory right of appeal to the IAB, the term &quot;refugee&quot; was not defined.&lt;ref name=&quot;:84&quot;&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 55.&lt;/ref&gt; 

At this point, inland claims occurred at the level of hundreds per year. Individual orders-in-council granted a person status in Canada at the Minister’s discretion and were based in part on humanitarian, economic, and political considerations.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; Hathaway states that this was one of the flaws of the system: it was wholly within the Board's (or Minister's) discretion to grant or withhold landing in any particular case; as a result, there was no guarantee that refugees would received protection from Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:78&quot; /&gt; This in-Canada assessment system complemented the overseas assessments then ongoing. Canada had issued a “Guideline for Determination of Refugee Status” in 1970 to give immigration officers criteria for selecting refugees overseas.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Council for Refugees, ''Brief History of Canada’s Responses to Refugees'', 2009, Canadian Council for Refugees, &lt;https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/static-files/canadarefugeeshistory2.htm&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; That year Cabinet also approved what was termed the Oppressed Minority policy, which provided for the selection of oppressed people who were not Convention refugees because they were still in their home countries.&lt;ref&gt;Molloy, M. J., &amp; Madokoro, L. (2017). Effecting Change: Civil Servants and Refugee Policy in 1970s Canada. ''Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees'', ''33''(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40448, page 55.&lt;/ref&gt;

Canada incorporated its obligations under the Refugee Convention and Protocol into domestic law at the same time as series of international efforts to expand the scope of those treaties were underway. Some of these international efforts were successful, for example Canada ratified the Protocol to the Agreement relating to Refugee Seamen in 1975.&lt;ref&gt;UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ''Protocol to the Agreement relating to Refugee Seamen'', 30 March 1975, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b38218.html [accessed 25 September 2021].&lt;/ref&gt; Other efforts were fruitless. In 1967 the United Nations adopted a Declaration on Territorial Asylum&lt;ref&gt;UN General Assembly, ''Declaration on Territorial Asylum'', 14 December 1967, A/RES/2312(XXII), available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/3b00f05a2c.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 28 December 2020].&lt;/ref&gt; which provided, in Article 3, that no person entitled to invoke Article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights should be subjected to measures such as rejection at the frontier. A conference was then held in 1977 to embody this, and other provisions, in a revised convention, a proposed UN Convention on Territorial Asylum.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, ''Background: Interpretation of the 1951 Convention'', at p. 104 (para. 87). See also the following discussion of contemporary thinking about the needs for a new treaty: Richard Plender, ''Admission of Refugees: Draft Convention on Territorial Asylum,'' 15 San Diego L. Rev. 45 (1977). Available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://digital.sandiego.edu/sdlr/vol15/iss1/6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; While a draft was produced,&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR, ''Note on International Protection Addendum 1: Draft Convention on Territorial Asylum (Submitted by the High Commissioner)'', 26 September 1974, A/AC.96/508/Add.1 &lt;https://www.unhcr.org/afr/excom/excomrep/3ae68c023/note-international-protection-addendum-1-draft-convention-territorial-asylum.html&gt; (Accessed December 28, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; the conference ultimately ended in failure.&lt;ref&gt;''Regina v. Immigration Officer at Prague Airport and another (Respondents) ex parte European Roma Rights Centre and others (Appellants),'' [2004] UKHL 55, &lt;https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200405/ldjudgmt/jd041209/roma-1.htm&gt; para. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Establishment of the Federal Court and increasing judicial scrutiny of immigration decisions ==
Immigration law during the first century of Canada's nationhood has been said to have been implemented in a &quot;highly discretionary and largely unaccountable&quot; manner.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 253.&lt;/ref&gt; It had previously been the case that the ''Immigration Act'' included a very strong privative clause, which courts had largely respected. The 1910 Act stated that &quot;no court, and no judge or officer thereof shall have jurisdiction to review, quash, reverse, restrain or otherwise interfere with any proceeding, decision or order of the Minister or of any Board of Inquiry, or officer in charge ... relating to the detention or deportation of any rejected immigrant ... upon any ground whatsoever, unless such person is a Canadian citizen or has Canadian domicile.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 140 and 212.&lt;/ref&gt; As Trebilcock and Kelley summarize, courts of the day, on the whole, respected these limitations imposed upon them.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Pages 165, 212-213.&lt;/ref&gt; The comments of one Quebec Superior Court judge on this privative clause from a 1921 decision are illustrative:&lt;blockquote&gt;... what Parliament intended, and what Parliament actually provided in the language of this statute, was that all questions as to the entry of immigrants into Canada should be determined exclusively by the machinery of the Department of Immigration, namely by the board of inquiry and immigration officers, subject only to an appeal to the Minister, and without any powers of review or control by the Courts ... 

... no Court or Judge may interfere with the proceedings of a board of inquiry, either on the grounds of misunderstanding or misrepresentation of the law, or of the regulations, nor on account of admission of illegal evidence, nor of error in weighing the evidence heard, nor on account of any informality or omissions which may fairly be classed as a matter of procedure, or of departmental regulation.&lt;ref&gt;''Lancet v O'Connell'' (1921), 61 Que. S.C. 9 (Que. S.C.), per Gibson J., as cited in Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 213.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;This began to shift so that principles of fairness and due process began to assume an increasing importance in the system. Per the 1967 ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'', challenges to IAB decisions could be filed directly with the Supreme Court of Canada, with that court's leave.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration Appeal Board Act'', SC 1966-67, c 90, s. 23(1).&lt;/ref&gt; Thereafter, the scope of the privative clause in the Act was reduced and in 1971, the Federal Courts, both Trial and Appellate, were established. At this point, Parliament amended the ''Immigration Appeal Board Act'' to direct applications for judicial review of IAB decisions on any question of law to the Federal Court of Appeal, which would have the discretion to grant leave and hear a matter.&lt;ref name=&quot;:70&quot;&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 300.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the decision of the Minister rejecting a claim to Convention refugee status was reviewable by the Federal Court Trial Division at this time, given that the Trial Division had jurisdiction to issue the traditional prerogative writs where the Court of Appeal did not have jurisdiction. That said, the supervisory jurisdiction of the Federal Courts was usually invoked by way of a judicial review of the IAB decision to the Federal Court of Appeal, rather than by way of reviewing the Minister's subsequent decision at the Federal Court Trial Division.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 166.&lt;/ref&gt;

Raphael Girard credits the court's decisions with embedding principles of procedural fairness and transparency of decision making in the immigration Ministry's day-to-day operations.&lt;ref name=&quot;:40&quot;&gt;Raphael Girard, ''Effects of Postwar Immigration Selection Policy on Ethnocultural Diversity in Canada,'' in Canadian Immigration Historical Society, Bulletin 96, March 2021, &lt;http://cihs-shic.ca/bulletin-96-march-2021/&gt; (Accessed April 17, 2021), page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court's immigration caseload would come to account for a large majority of its work and cause long queues of cases seeking judicial review. As of the mid-1980s, when judicial reviews were directed to three-member panels of the Federal Court of Appeal, roughly 75% of judicial review applications before that court were for the review of refugee determinations by the IAB.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 168.&lt;/ref&gt; Two decades later, in the years preceding the implementation of the Refugee Appeal Division at the IRB in 2012, judicial review of inland refugee matters made up around half of the Federal Court’s caseload.&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 346.&lt;/ref&gt;

== 1976 ''Immigration Act'' ==
The revised ''Immigration Act'' introduced into Parliament in 1976, and brought into force two years later, was a watershed moment for Canadian immigration policy. It overhauled the statute for the first time more than two decades, expunged the last vestiges of open discrimination in the Act, for example by lifting a ban prohibiting gay men and women from immigrating,&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; and, after a broad national debate, introduced a series of objectives into the statute which largely remain to this day. It did all of this through provisions that, with their detail and specificity, served to constrain executive decision making.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 457.&lt;/ref&gt; It was with the introduction of the 1976 ''Immigration Act'' into Parliament that the government reinforced its willingness to assume its international share in refugee resettlement.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; It was this legislation that, for the first time, incorporated Canada's ''Refugee Convention'' obligations into statutory form.&lt;ref&gt;J. Liew &amp; D. Galloway, ''Immigration Law, 2nd edn''., Toronto, Irwin Law, 2015, at 26. See also Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 39.&lt;/ref&gt; One of the objectives stated in the Act was &quot;to fulfill Canada's international legal obligations with respect to refugees and to uphold its humanitarian tradition with respect to the displaced and persecuted&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 39. See also W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 15.&lt;/ref&gt; The new Act recognized Convention refugees as a class of immigrants that could be selected abroad for permanent residence in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:43&quot;&gt;Raphael Girard, ''Asylum Policy in Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; The legislation also gave legal standing to the pre-existing ''ad hoc'' committee for advising the Minister of Immigration on individual refugee claims from people at the border or in Canada, the Refugee Status Advisory Committee (RSAC).&lt;ref name=&quot;:43&quot; /&gt; 

The RSAC process established in 1978 was as follows: those who sought refugee status in Canada had to first present themselves to an immigration officer. If they were found to be inadmissible (as was usually the case), then they would be sent to an immigration inquiry for a determination about whether they should be removed from the country. It was at this point that the individual could request refugee status, in which case the removal order was stayed and the person was brought before a senior immigration officer for an interview regarding the substance of the refugee claim. The senior immigration officer then sent the transcript of the interview to the RSAC. The RSAC reviewed the application and made a recommendation to the Minister as to whether to accept or deny the claim for protection.&lt;ref name=&quot;:46&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 401.&lt;/ref&gt; The program was very small: it processed only a few hundred claims per year throughout the late 1970s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014. Print. Page 47.&lt;/ref&gt; In the year that the revised ''Immigration Act'' came into force, for example, 4,130 refugees were admitted to Canada, all of whom were fleeing communism.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 239.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Those who were not granted refugee status by the RSAC or the Minister had recourse to make an application on humanitarian and compassionate grounds. Such applications were considered by what was termed the Special Review Committee, which acted in an advisory capacity to the Minister.&lt;ref name=&quot;:46&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, the Minister could determine that a person, though declared a refugee, should not be permitted to remain in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Both groups had a right to appeal to the ''Immigration Appeal Board'', whose proceedings were conducted in public.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Neil Yeates, ''Report of the Independent Review of the Immigration and Refugee Board'', Government of Canada, April 10, 2018, &lt;https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/ircc/migration/ircc/english/pdf/pub/irb-report-en.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2020), page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; The IAB reviewed the documentary record and was authorized to grant an oral hearing on the merits of the claim for any applicant who, on the basis of the documentary record, showed that there were reasonable grounds to believe that the claim could be established.&lt;ref name=&quot;:46&quot; /&gt; This legislative provision was interpreted to mean that the IAB could grant an oral hearing on the application only if the IAB determined that the application would probably be successful. Under this system, in its last year of operation, about nine percent of claimants determined by the Minister not to be refugees were determined by the Board to be refugees.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas, ''Closing the Doors'', 1989, Summerhill Press, Toronto, ISBN 0-920197-81-7, page 141.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Access to the entire system was predicated on the fact that an individual was the subject of an inquiry into their immigration status, which essentially meant that they lacked legal status to remain in Canada. Other persons physically present in Canada, but with some form of (temporary) status had no right to make a claim or have it considered under the refugee claim process. This restriction led to what Rabbi Gunther Plaut termed an &quot;administrative nightmare&quot;. In an effort to afford persons legally in Canada the benefits of the refugee status determination process, the Immigration Ministry instituted an extra-legal procedure known as the &quot;in-status&quot; claim. The claimant was considered in the same fashion as a person who made a claim while subject to an inquiry into their immigration status. There were problems with this. First, it lacked finality: if refused, the person could then make a second claim and undergo the whole process provided by the legislation anew. Furthermore, &quot;in-status&quot; claimants were ineligible for employment authorizations while they waited for their claim to be processed, their eligibility to work depending instead on the working permissions (or lack thereof) accorded to them by their pre-existing immigration status in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, pages 36-37.&lt;/ref&gt;

In the 1970s, most refugees that Canada accepted came via overseas resettlement, not an in-Canada asylum process. In the early 1970s Canada accepted its first non-European refugees by resettling a group of 228 Tibetan refugees and developing a “Tibetan Refugee Program” to host them.&lt;ref&gt;Lindsay Van Dyk, “Canadian Immigration Acts and Legislation,” Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, 2020, &lt;nowiki&gt;https://pier21.ca/research/immigration-history/canadian-immigration-acts-and-legislation&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Tibetan refugee hosting opened the doorway to other refugee resettlement, as Canada accepted more than 7,000 ethnic South Asians expelled from Uganda under the dictatorship of Idi Amin in 1972-73, the first non-white refugees admitted to Canada in large numbers.&lt;ref&gt;George Melnyk and Christina Parker, ''Finding Refuge in Canada: Narratives of Dislocation'', February 2021, Athabasca University Press, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781771993029&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 10. CAPIC ACCPI, ''The History of Canadian Immigration Consulting'', Oct. 15 2017, Kindle Edition, North York: ON, ISBN 978-1-7751648-0-0-7 places the number accepted at &quot;almost 8000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada then admitted 7,000 Chilean refugees fleeing Pinochet’s regime in 1973 and about 10,000 Lebanese refugees fleeing the Lebanese Civil War between 1975 and 1978.&lt;ref&gt;Marlene Epp, “Refugees in Canada: A Brief History,” Immigration And Ethnicity In Canada 35 (2017), &lt;https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c374fb005cf0.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), at 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In the 1970s, the U.S. was the largest source country of immigration, in part because of the large numbers of draft dodgers and deserters unwilling to fight in Vietnam who found refuge in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; Historian Valerie Knowles states that it is impossible to arrive at hard numbers for the number of draft resister and deserters who escaped to Canada during the Vietnam War, but estimates range from 30,000-40,000 from the Canadian Council for Refugees to between 80,000-200,000 according to Mark Fruitkin, a &quot;draft resister&quot; and author.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 214.&lt;/ref&gt; Later that decade, from 1978 and 1981, 60,000 refugees from Southeast Asia were accepted - a figure that represents 25 percent of the number of immigrants admitted in these years.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt; During this time, Canada resettled more refugees from overseas than any other country on a per capita measurement.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 41.&lt;/ref&gt; Canadian immigration officials also travelled to El Salvador to interview prisoners at risk from paramilitary death squads there and grant refuge in Canada to some of those at risk, an example of processing claims in another country.&lt;ref&gt;Claire Higgins, ''In-country programs: procedure and politics'', in Satvinder Singh Just (ed.), ''Research handbook on international refugee law,'' 2019, Northhampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, at page 55.&lt;/ref&gt; 

That said, decisions to accept these groups of individuals were ''ad hoc'' and highly political; for example, fearing that most of the Chilean political refugees were too left wing, and not wishing to alienate either the American or new Chilean administrations, the Canadian government restricted their numbers, which is what limited Canada to only accepting about 7,000 Chileans during that 30-year conflict.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Similarly, after Canada accepted some Ugandan Asian refugees, there was marked public opposition to the move, with a poll in 1972 indicating that only 45 percent of Canadians approved of the government's decision; some in the government came to view this initiative as having cost the government seats in that year's election.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 213.&lt;/ref&gt;  

With the passage of Immigration Act 1976 and its coming into force on 1 April 1978, the delegation of the power to Employment and Immigration Canada (EIC) to define the norms for the selection of immigrants was rescinded and retained for parliament through the establishment of admissible classes in the Act and in the Regulations. EIC could no longer devise humanitarian resettlement programs or any other program by administrative fiat as had been permitted when Immigration Act 1952 governed immigration to Canada. The 1976 Act created an admissible class for Convention refugees, and through section 6(2) it provided regulation-making authority for other humanitarian classes that could be designated. On proclamation of the Act on 1 April 1978, however, no designations had taken place but three resettlement programs were underway, including Eastern Europeans, Chile/Argentina, and Indochinese. Operational difficulties cropped up almost immediately. Having to test the Convention eligibility of each Vietnamese applicant prior to determining admissibility was very cumbersome and sharply reduced productivity. Jewish migrants from the Soviet Union refused to advance claims to refugee status because they considered the term itself objectionable. Chileans and Argentinians were clearly not Convention refugees since they were still in their own countries. To provide continuity for the programs that had been authorized before the passage of the new Act, EIC devised an Order in Council in November that designated three additional humanitarian classes pursuant to section 6(2). The self-exiled class covered Soviet Jews and other Eastern Europeans; the Indochinese designated class did away with the need to test each applicant for Convention eligibility; and the Latin American designated class (LADC) applied to persecuted Chileans and Argentinians still resident in their own countries, including those in prison.&lt;ref&gt;Raphael Girard, Canadian Immigration Historical Society, CIHS Bulletin Issue #110, September 2024, ISSN 1485-8460, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Bulletin-110-2024-09.pdf&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; 

To address demands from civil society to have more of a role in refugee sponsorship, and criticism about government refugee sponsorship decisions, in 1978 Canada established a Private Sponsorship Program through which citizens could assist fully or partially in privately sponsoring new refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Panzica, ''A Difficult Line To Walk: NGO and LGBTQ+ Refugee Experiences with Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in Canada,'' MA Thesis, August 2020, &lt;https://dalspace.library.dal.ca/bitstream/handle/10222/79707/Panzica-Martine-MA-IDS-August-2020.pdf?sequence=5&gt; (Accessed August 31, 2020), page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; To date more than 300,000 refugees have come to Canada through this program.&lt;ref&gt;See [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Responsibility sharing and burden sharing between states are fundamental principles of the Refugee Convention]].&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Founding of the Immigration and Refugee Board ==
The background to the creation of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada lay in concerns about the rigour, capacity, independence, and fairness of the pre-existing refugee status determination system in the 1980s. 

To begin with, throughout the 1980s there were concerns about the rigour of Canada's asylum system and about potential abuse of the system. In the words of Deborah Anker, in the early 1980s the government undertook to amend what it painted as a fragile asylum system being taken advantage of by ‘illegitimate’ immigrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:50&quot;&gt;The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law edited by Costello, Cathryn; Foster, Michelle; McAdam, Jane (3rd June 2021), Part III, Ch.16, page 302.&lt;/ref&gt; One of the formative events in the creation of the IRB was the perceived crisis situation which emerged in the late 1980s when the federal government recalled Parliament for an emergency session to amend the ''Immigration Act'' after 174 Sikh persons arrived by lifeboat near the fishing village of Charlesville, Nova Scotia.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; At that time, the Canadian Employment and Immigration Advisory Council reported that most business and labour leaders felt the government had &quot;lost control of the border&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 41.&lt;/ref&gt; Such concerns about the integrity of the system were exemplified by the Reform Party platform in the 1980s which invoked what has been labelled &quot;inflammatory language&quot; about &quot;immigration abuses, bogus refugees, [and] improper selection of immigrants&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;Gaucher, M. (2020). Keeping your friends close and your enemies closer: Affective constructions of &quot;good&quot; and &quot;bad&quot; immigrants in Canadian conservative discourse. ''Canadian Ethnic Studies, 52''(2), 79-98. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/openview/3d2484b69771e5bb213a1b2b030f2677/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&amp;cbl=47027 (Accessed July 4, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; The Progressive Conservative government of the day stated that &quot;many claims have been fraudulent. Recent data show that an average of 70 per cent of claims are unfounded&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 34.&lt;/ref&gt; One response to these concerns, implemented in the mid-1980s, was what Deborah Anker describes as a series of restrictive measures, including the elimination of employment authorization and various social services for refugee claimants, and a new practice of returning refugee claimants travelling from the US to that country until their Canadian hearing date approached.&lt;ref name=&quot;:50&quot; /&gt;  

There were also concerns about the capacity of the pre-IRB system as a result of a growing number of refugee claims that were being made during the decade. Rebecca Hamlin states that Canada signed the above-noted international treaties making commitments to refugee protection before it began to consider itself to be a country of first asylum and before asylum seekers started coming to its shores in significant numbers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014. Print. Page 33.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1980 Canada received what today looks like a very modest 1,488 refugee claims.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; By the middle of the 1980s, however, that number had grown to the point where such a large number of people were making in-country asylum claims that the system had become completely overloaded, with 8,260 claims being made in 1985.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; In 1987, some 27,000 refugee claims were initiated.&lt;ref name=&quot;:87&quot;&gt;Government of Canada, ''Refugee Determination: What it is and how it works'', Pamphlet, 1989, Immigration and Refugee Board, page 3.&lt;/ref&gt; The effect of this increase in claims, and the resources dedicated to refugee status determination, by 1988 it was taking an average of five to seven years for a claim to be processed.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 76.&lt;/ref&gt; This increase in Canada mirrored similar increases elsewhere in the world, for example, while in 1976 Western European nations received 20,000 asylum seekers, in 1980 there were 158,000 such applicants and by 1986, more than 200,000 claims were being made annually.&lt;ref&gt;David A Martin, ed, ''The New Asylum Seekers'': ''Refugee Law in the 1980s: The Ninth Sokol Colloquium on International Law'', The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1986, at 4-6.&lt;/ref&gt;

In response to these growing numbers, as well as concerns about political interests potentially affecting decision-making on claims, in 1982 decision-making was transferred to a newly reorganized Refugee Status Advisory Committee,&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 217.&lt;/ref&gt; which for the first time was made clearly independent of the immigration department, with its own Chairman and an increased budget. Its independence was structurally enshrined by the fact that it reported directly to the Minister, instead of being a component of the Foreign Branch of the CEIC.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 20.&lt;/ref&gt; This allowed it to, for the first time, compile authoritative and independent documentation on refugee-producing situations around the world.&lt;ref name=&quot;:43&quot; /&gt; This system involved only written submissions, assessed by the committee in private, with the committee ultimately making recommendations to the Minister of Immigration.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Refugee Protection in Canada: Resettlement's Role'', Canadian Diversity Magazine, Volume 17 No. 2 2020, &lt;https://dalspace.library.dal.ca/bitstream/handle/10222/79384/Labman%203C.pdf?sequence=1&gt; (Accessed June 20, 2020), at page 8 of the document.&lt;/ref&gt; While in 1983 a pilot to provide such claimants with an oral hearing began in Toronto and Montreal,&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; this simply involved an RSAC member who sat in on the examination and who could discuss any concerns that they had with the claimant and counsel. Under this model, the process was still bifurcated as that Member did not themselves make the actual decision; the decision was still made by the Minister on the advice of an RSAC panel who themselves had not seen the claimant.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 33.&lt;/ref&gt; The Committee consisted equally of members from private life, the Department of Immigration, and the Department of External Affairs.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas, Fairness in Refugee Determination, 1989 18-1 ''Manitoba Law Journal'' 71, 1989 CanLIIDocs 150, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/spb3&gt;, retrieved on 2021-01-22, page 95.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, concerns about the independence of the refugee determination process from Canada's foreign policy persisted. The granting of refugee status could be seen to make a statement about the state of origin, and it was argued that Canada had a history of restricting the grant of refugee status on political grounds, focusing it in particular on Communist states and demonstrating a reluctance to recognize refugees from newly emerging post-Colonial states, lest such grants of refugee protection be perceived as an admission that western powers' policies and actions had been the cause of refugee flows.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 151.&lt;/ref&gt; In the 1980s, for example, there were attempts by the Department of External Affairs to reverse RSAC decisions, indicating the extent to which the system was under observation.&lt;ref&gt;''The Globe and Mail'', 16 May 1988, A1, A9, as cited in Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 68.&lt;/ref&gt; 

This impetus for change was bolstered by a series of court decisions which undermined the extant framework for the refugee system. To that point, the system had distinguished between &quot;in status&quot; and &quot;out-of-status&quot; persons, contemplating refugee claims only for those individuals under inquiry for having violated the ''Immigration Act''.&lt;ref&gt;R. G. L. Fairweather, ''Canada's New Refugee Determination System'', 27 CAN. Y.B. INT'l L. 295 (1989), page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1985, the Federal Court held that distinction to be unfair and inoperative.&lt;ref&gt;''Tonato v. M.E.I.'', [1985] 1 F.C. 925 (F.C.T.D.).&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, another 1985 decision, ''Singh v. Minister of Employment and Immigration'', established that where the credibility of a claimant is at stake, an oral hearing before the then-''Immigration Appeal Board'' was required. In so ruling, the Supreme Court of Canada set aside the previous system under which an application for an oral hearing had to be made.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas, Fairness in Refugee Determination, 1989 18-1 ''Manitoba Law Journal'' 71, 1989 CanLIIDocs 150, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/spb3&gt;, retrieved on 2021-01-22, page 92.&lt;/ref&gt; The ''Singh'' decision is often seen as a watershed that enforced ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' protections for migrants on arrival on Canadian soil, thereby requiring an overhaul of the refugee determination process to ensure that fair oral hearings started to be offered as a matter of course.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; One immediate response to the ''Singh'' decision was to expand access to oral hearings and to increase the capacity of the system in order to facilitate such access. In 1985, Bill C-55 modified the IAB to ensure that all refugees had the opportunity to have an oral hearing during their appeal and the bill increased the number of IAB members from eighteen up to fifty.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR.ca, ''Seven Decades of Refugee Protection in Canada:1950-2020'', &lt;https://www.unhcr.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Seven-Decades-of-Refugee-Protection-In-Canada-December-14-2020.pdf&gt; (accessed June 13, 2021), page 13.&lt;/ref&gt; 

To address this constellation of challenges, the Canadian governments of the day commissioned a series of major studies, principally the 1981 Task Force on Immigration Practices and Procedures, the 1981 McDonald Royal Commission of Inquiry Concerning Certain Activities of the RCMP which reviewed the security screening process in immigration, the 1983 Robinson Report entitled ''Illegal Migrants in Canada'', the 1984 Ratushny Report entitled ''A New Refugee Status Determination Process for Canada'', the 1984 Deschênes Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals in Canada, and the 1985 report by Rabbi Gunther Plaut entitled ''Refugee Determination in Canada''. Each of these reports recommend approaches for a new asylum determination system that would address both the right to be heard, and balance the competing interests of fairness and efficiency.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; The 1981 Task Force provided a report entitled &quot;The Refugee Status Determination Process&quot; which made three main recommendations: 1) the RSAC should be independent of immigration and external policy considerations, 2) the use of the Convention refugee definition should observe the spirit as well as the letter of the law, and 3) claimant should be given an oral hearing as part of the preliminary determination stage. Finally, the report also recommended that the ''Immigration Act'' &quot;be amended to replace the present determination process with a central tribunal which would hear and determine refugee claims.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:79&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; The government took some immediate steps in response to the 1981 Task Force report. For example, with respect to the recommendation that the spirit of the Convention refugee definition be observed, the Minister issued new guidelines which instituted that the benefit of the doubt be given to claimants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:79&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; The government also took other steps to increase the fairness of the system for refugee claimants, including replacing job-specific employment documents with generic authorizations in 1985&lt;ref name=&quot;:79&quot; /&gt; and dropping the requirement for an inquiry to be convened before a clamant would qualify for employment authorization - thereby eliminating an obstacle that had resulted in waits of up to eight months for employment authorization.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, pages 47 and 52.&lt;/ref&gt;  

What ultimately emerged from all of these reports, events, and related legislative machinations of the 1980s was a new asylum system centred around a tribunal model. The relevant legislation, Bill C-55, or the ''Refugee Reform Act'', was introduced in the House of Commons in 1986. This bill was supplemented by Bill C-84, the ''Refugee Deterrents and Detention Act.'' This latter, more restrictive piece of legislation, responded concerns about ships arriving on Canada's coast, criminality, and people smuggling.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 224.&lt;/ref&gt; There was lengthy debate about these bills at an emergency session of Parliament.&lt;ref&gt;Reginald Whitaker, ''Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration'', 1987, Toronto: Lester and Orpen Denys Ltd., at page 9.&lt;/ref&gt; The Senate conducted an extensive inquiry into Bill C-84, and rejected the bill twice.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 62.&lt;/ref&gt; Ultimately, after a new Immigration Minister agreed to additional amendments, the two bills were passed by the House of Commons and the Senate in 1988 and were given royal assent on July 21 of that year.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 1.&lt;/ref&gt; Features and aspects of the new system included:

* &lt;u&gt;Creation of an independent tribunal:&lt;/u&gt; The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada came into existence as an independent administrative tribunal on January 1, 1989 with 115 members.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 170.&lt;/ref&gt; At that time, the IRB consisted of two divisions: the Convention Refugee Determination Division and the Immigration Appeal Division, which replaced the previous Immigration Appeal Board. Gordon Fairweather, a former Attorney General of New Brunswick and the first Chief Commissioner of the Canadian Human Rights Commission, was appointed as the first Chairman of the IRB.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; As the respective names imply, one of the biggest changes was the move from a Refugee Status ''Advisory Committee'' which had left ultimate decision-making in the hands of the Minister it advised, to a fully independent tribunal.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 131.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;CRDD Oral hearings:&lt;/u&gt; The new refugee determination process included an oral refugee claim hearing with two IRB members presiding.&lt;ref&gt;Pia Zambelli, “Paradigm Shift: Towards a New Model for Refugee Status Determination in Canada” (2018) 51:1 ''UBC Law Review'' 229 at 229.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Eligibility criteria:&lt;/u&gt; In 1988, the Canadian Parliament ‘introduced the concept of eligibility criteria into the legislation’ governing refugee claimants by revising the Immigration Act. The eligibility criteria have since been a prerequisite to claim refugee status in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Didem Doğar, Unrecognizing Refugees: The Inadmissibility Scheme Replacing Article 1F Decisions in Canada, ''International Journal of Refugee Law'', 2024; eeae001, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeae001.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Eligibility and credible basis screening procedure:&lt;/u&gt; The ''Immigration Act'' included a procedure whereby all applicants had a hearing before a panel of two in which a claimant had the burden of proving that they were eligible to have their claim determined and that there was a credible basis for the claim.&lt;ref&gt;Marlys Edwardh and Daniel Brodsky, Media Access to Refugee Proceedings in Canada, 1991 29-3 ''Alberta Law Review'' 701, 1991 CanLIIDocs 227, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/slxm&gt;, retrieved on 2021-01-19, page 702.&lt;/ref&gt; The panel included an immigration officer and a member of the CRDD. If either of the two panel members were persuaded, then the claim would be heard at a full hearing before the CRDD. The Minister was represented at such proceedings by a case presenting officer (CPO). In port-of-entry cases, “designated counsel” was provided for refugee claimants at first-level hearings, at the expense of the Minister, for the purpose of avoiding delay in processing claims. When this system was being introduced, the government estimated that this screening process could be completed in between three and seven days.&lt;ref name=&quot;:76&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 32.&lt;/ref&gt; Reasons were required to be provided for decisions in this screening process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:76&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 32.&lt;/ref&gt; There was a low threshold for a credible basis finding: the ''Immigration Act'' provided that if either the adjudicator or the CRDD Member was of the opinion that there was any credible or trustworthy evidence on which the Refugee Division might determine the claimant to be a Convention refugee, they were to determine that the claimant had a credible basis for the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration Act'', s. 46.01(6).&lt;/ref&gt; As of October 1989, 5% of claims had been determined to lack a credible basis pursuant to this process.&lt;ref&gt;R. G. L. Fairweather, ''Canada's New Refugee Determination System'', 27 CAN. Y.B. INT'l L. 295 (1989), page 301.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*&lt;u&gt;Governor-in-Council appointees:&lt;/u&gt; Up to 65 full-time Members of the Convention Refugee Determination Division could be appointed by the Governor in Council.&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot; /&gt; If workload required, additional part-time Members could be recruited.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 31.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Non-adversarial processes:&lt;/u&gt; The CRDD hearing into a claim was to be conducted in a non-adversarial manner. As part of this, the Minister was entitled only to present evidence and could not cross-examine the claimant or make representations, save where exclusion was at issue.&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot; /&gt; Panels of the CRDD were assisted by an IRB employee called a Refugee Hearing Officer (RHO).&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot; /&gt; The RHO was the new name for what had been referred to as the case presenting officer under the previous Refugee Status Advisory Committee system.&lt;ref name=&quot;:82&quot;&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Private proceedings:&lt;/u&gt; In contrast to the public proceedings at the former IAB, CRDD proceedings were normally conducted ''in camera''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:44&quot; /&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Informal processes:&lt;/u&gt; IRB management aimed to ensure that the Board respected its quasi-judicial status and avoided the trappings of a conventional court system, pushing the idea of brief written decisions and also supporting oral decisions.&lt;ref&gt;V. Peter Harder, ''Peter Harder Reminisces about the Early Years of the Immigration and Refugee Board'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 13.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;No countries designated pursuant to the safe third country regime:&lt;/u&gt; One concern raised by civil society with the new legislation was the Safe Third Country Regime that it introduced. In response to public criticism of the Safe Third Country Regime, Barbara McDougall, who was then Minister of Employment and Immigration, became persuaded that the United States might send refugee claimants deported from Canada back to Central America where their lives would be in jeopardy. As a result, she announced in December 1988 that she was &quot;prepared to proceed with no country on the safe third country list ... We think the new system will be able to function without it.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 228.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Limitations on judicial review:&lt;/u&gt; As was the case for the IAB, judicial review of determinations made by the IRB could only proceed with leave.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 305.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the act provided that deportations would not take place until the Court had made a decision on the application for judicial review.&lt;ref name=&quot;:77&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 33.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Post-determination risk assessment:&lt;/u&gt; The government instituted a policy in 1989 to conduct a risk review for refused refugee claimants where time had passed between their refusal and deportation to assess claims regarding new risks.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; Specifically, unsuccessful refugee claimants were able to apply for post-determination review by an immigration official to evaluate whether removal would result in compelling personal risk. This review assessed &quot;risk to life, inhumane treatment, or extreme sanctions,&quot; and could provide protection to persons not covered by the 1951 Convention and Protocol.&lt;ref&gt;Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), ''Report on the Situation of Human Rights of Asylum Seekers Within the Canadian Refugee Determination System'', 2000, Inter-Am. C.H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.106, Doc. 40 rev. (2000), available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/50ceedc72.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 18 August 2020], para. 87.&lt;/ref&gt; Approximately 2-3% of such applications were accepted.&lt;ref&gt;Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), ''Report on the Situation of Human Rights of Asylum Seekers Within the Canadian Refugee Determination System'', 2000, Inter-Am. C.H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.106, Doc. 40 rev. (2000), available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/50ceedc72.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 18 August 2020], para. 89.&lt;/ref&gt; As discussed below, this process eventually became the foundation for what is now s. 97 of the IRPA.
*&lt;u&gt;Cessation and vacation provisions:&lt;/u&gt; Under this new law, the Minister was able to apply to the Refugee Division for a determination, before a panel of three of its members, that a person was no longer a Convention refugee on the grounds that the refugee obtained their status by fraudulent means or misrepresentation, or that the refugee no longer needs protection.&lt;ref name=&quot;:77&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 33.&lt;/ref&gt; An application for vacation first required leave from the Chairperson.

The IRB represented a fresh start for asylum policy-making in Canada. As part of the transition to the new system, the government instituted several expedited review programs for people with pending asylum applications. The first was a limited one called the 1986-87 Administrative Review.&lt;ref name=&quot;:91&quot; /&gt; A subsequent one, that came into effect in 1989 alongside the IRB, was designed to &quot;clear the decks&quot; and allow for a fresh start in asylum policy-making.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; While the government eschewed the term,&lt;ref name=&quot;:94&quot;&gt;Minister of Employment and Immigration, Press Release, March 20, 1990, 90-04.&lt;/ref&gt; it essentially amounted to a general amnesty for refugee claimants who had entered Canada before 21 May 1986, one where individuals were permitted to stay in Canada and become permanent residents if they were already employed or likely to secure employment in the near future and had no medical, security, or criminal concerns.&lt;ref name=&quot;:20&quot; /&gt; Formally, claims were divided into four groups:

* Group I: People whose claims were previously examined under oath. Generally, these claims were examined first on the rationale that these claimants had been in Canada the longest time. Employment and Immigration Canada officials began reviewing these claims in March 1989. If, on review, a credible basis for the refugee claim was recommended, the case proceeded to a special panel composed of an adjudicator and a member of the CRDD. If those panels decided favourably on the recommendation for credible basis, the claimants were able to apply for permanent residence without the necessity for a further hearing. 
* Group II: People who arrived in Canada between May 1986 and February 1987 and who were issued Minister's permits.
* Group III: People whose immigration inquiries were adjourned to have their claims examined under oath but these examinations were not conducted.
* Group IV: People whose inquires were not opened or were not yet adjourned to have their claims examined.

Claimants from Group I found to have no credible basis for their claim and those from Groups II-IV were interviewed at what were called Canada Immigration Centres. If those claimants could demonstrate sufficient humanitarian and compassionate reasons allowing them to remain in Canada, such as family class links, no further review was necessary and the claimants could apply for permanent residence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:91&quot;&gt;Employment and Immigration Canada, ''The backlog clearance process: Refugee claims made in Canada before January 1, 1989'' (pamphlet), 1989, document IM 059/12/89, Cat. No. MP23-109/1989, ISBN 0-662-57178-9.&lt;/ref&gt;

While under the previous system 30% of applicants had been accepted,&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 267.&lt;/ref&gt; under the expedited review program, acceptance rates were much higher - approximately 85% of the 28,000 applicants processed in 1986, for example, were accepted. Nonetheless, the government rejected any suggestion that this amounted to an amnesty, stating in a press release in 1990 that &quot;'to declare an amnesty would be to tell the world that Canada tolerates disrespect for its laws. I cannot do that,' the Minister stated.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:94&quot; /&gt; All told, a backlog of 125,000 cases accumulated between the ''Singh'' decision and the coming into effect of the reformed refugee determination system in 1989, cases which were addressed through this expedited review program.&lt;ref name=&quot;:40&quot; /&gt; While the expedited review program was supposed to be able to process the outstanding applications within two years, it took much longer to do so, keeping, in the words of the Canadian Council for Refugees Executive Director Janet Dench, &quot;refugees in limbo and separated from their families for years&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; Claimants who were ordered deported through this backlog process required ministerial consent to return to Canada as visitors or immigrants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:91&quot; /&gt; 

== Juridification of the refugee system and broader interpretations of the refugee definition ==
A longer-term implication of the ''Singh'' decision and the resultant changes to the refugee system, including the creation of the IRB, has arguably been the increasing 'juridification' of the refugee process.&lt;ref&gt;For context on this phenomenon see: Matthew J. Gibney, ‘The State of Asylum: Democratization, Judicialization and Evolution of Refugee Policy in Europe’, (2001) New Issues in Refugee Research Working Paper, No. 50.&lt;/ref&gt; Colin Scott defines juridification as the “process by which relations hitherto governed by other values and expectations come to be subjected to legal values and rules”.&lt;ref&gt;Colin Scott, “The Juridification of Regulatory Relations in the UK Utilities Sector”, in Julia Black, Peter Muchlinski &amp; Peter Walker, eds, Commercial Regulation and Judicial Review (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 1998) 19 at 19.&lt;/ref&gt; A legal conception of asylum has edged out other conceptions of the institution and process, including the political and religious conceptions of asylum that were previously dominant.&lt;ref&gt;Behrman, S. (2018). ''Law and Asylum: Space, Subject, Resistance'' (1st ed.). Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203730348&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page xxvii.&lt;/ref&gt; This change had implications for how the system was administered. For example, the reasons offered for decisions by the Refugee Status Advisory Committee in the 1980s were scant; as refugee lawyer David Matas describes it, the reasons often consisted of &quot;merely a few sentences&quot; which &quot;seldom related the findings of fact on which their conclusions were based&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas, Fairness in Refugee Determination, 1989 18-1 ''Manitoba Law Journal'' 71, 1989 CanLIIDocs 150, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/spb3&gt;, retrieved on 2021-01-22, page 100 (quote lightly edited to change tense).&lt;/ref&gt; In short, he states, what were offered were conclusions, as opposed to reasons. The reasons offered by the IRB would generally be more fulsome. This transition was consistent with international trends at the time - for example, it was not until 1984 that the Home Secretary in the UK was even required to give reasons for an asylum decision.&lt;ref&gt;Emma Borland, ''Temporal pillars of fairness: reflections on the UK's asylum adjudication regime from an original refugee-centred position'', PhD Thesis, 2020, Cardiff University, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/132879/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed June 30 2021), page 67.&lt;/ref&gt; 

In this way, as the juridification of the system emphasized the importance of individuals retaining counsel, it is no coincidence that it was in 1986 that a group of immigration consultants assembled to form the immigration industry association in Canada, the Association of Immigration Counsel of Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; From 1978, immigration legislation permitted regulations to be made with respect to the licensing of immigration consultants, however that had not been done. Questions that arose about the legality of the immigration consultant regime were put to rest in the 1990s with legal proceedings that the Law Society of British Columbia brought against Jaswant Singh Mangat, who ran Westcoast Immigration Consultants Ltd., providing representation for a fee before the Immigration and Refugee Board. After a BC judge issued an injunction against these activities on the basis that Mangat was not called to the bar in British Columbia, his became a test case, ultimately resolving in 2001 when the Supreme Court of Canada concluded that non-lawyer immigration consultants were in fact legal and authorized by the ''Immigration Act''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; At this time there was no system regulating immigration consultants and there was nothing in Canadian law which would prohibit an unlicensed individual from charging a fee to represent a client in an immigration matter.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; This would not arrive until after 2002.

With the end of the Cold War, and this juridification of the refugee system, the nature of who was recognized as a refugee began to shift - the concept went from being primarily about flight from Communism to a broader human rights-based conception of who was entitled to protection. Between the 1950s and the 1970s, argued the refugee scholar Gil Loescher, &quot;recognizing persecution and the identifying perpetrators caused no headaches and the grant of asylum was generally used to reaffirm the failures of Communism and the benevolence of the West.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:85&quot; /&gt; The newfound IRB began to interpret the ''Refugee Convention'' in a way that was characterized as &quot;expansive&quot; and &quot;progressive&quot;. In 1991, Canada became one of the first countries in the world to recognize sexual orientation-related persecution as a basis for claiming asylum.&lt;ref&gt;Molnar, Petra. &quot;LGBTQ+ Refugees in Canada&quot;. The Canadian Encyclopedia, 14 May 2018, Historica Canada. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lgbtq2-refugees-in-canada&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Accessed 30 December 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1993, the ''Immigration Act'' was amended to give the Chairperson the authority to issue guidelines.&lt;ref name=&quot;:45&quot; /&gt; The amendment to the legislation came into force on February 1, 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:80&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''CRDD Handbook'', Dated March 31, 1999, online &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20071115153143/http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hb18_e.htm&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; Canada then issued guidelines on the handling of gender-based asylum claims on March 9, 1993,&lt;ref name=&quot;:80&quot; /&gt; something that was associated with a growing acceptance of claims related to gender-based persecution.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 122.&lt;/ref&gt; While 80% of Canada's refugee entrants in the 1980s were men,&lt;ref name=&quot;:75&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page x.&lt;/ref&gt; the system became more gender balanced by the late 1990s. In 1996, the IRB adopted guidelines on child refugee claimants, reportedly the first such policy initiative of its kind adopted by any state system.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), ''Report on the Situation of Human Rights of Asylum Seekers Within the Canadian Refugee Determination System'', 2000, Inter-Am. C.H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.106, Doc. 40 rev. (2000), available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/50ceedc72.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 18 August 2020].&lt;/ref&gt; Much later, in 2017, the Board implemented guidelines on the adjudication of claims involving Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE).&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;Lee, E.O.J., Kamgain, O., Hafford-Letchfield, T. ''et al.'' Knowledge and Policy About LGBTQI Migrants: a Scoping Review of the Canadian and Global Context. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-020-00771-4.&lt;/ref&gt; The acceptance rate for claims also went up dramatically - during the 1980s, about 70 per cent of claims for refugee status made in Canada were rejected after examination;&lt;ref name=&quot;:87&quot; /&gt; the acceptance rate grew over the 1990s and subsequently.   

These progressive interpretations of Canada's refugee obligations were influenced by Canada's human rights obligations and international human rights procedures that refugee claimants may access. The Government of Canada ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1991. This supplemented earlier instruments that Canada had ratified, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights. Claimants today can bring individual complaints to seven UN treaty bodies established pursuant to such treaties, as well as to the special procedures established by the UN Human Rights Council, in particular, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants. The Committee against Torture is by far the most solicited UN treaty body and between 80 per cent and 90 per cent of all individual complaints submitted thereto concern alleged violations of the principle of ''non-refoulement'' enshrined in Article 3 of the Convention.&lt;ref&gt;Chetail, V. (2019). ''International Migration Law''. London, England: Oxford University Press, page 73.&lt;/ref&gt;

A similar dynamic has applied to the development of applications to remain in Canada for humanitarian and compassionate reasons, something that many apply for either as an alternative to applying for refugee status, or apply for after a refugee claim has been rejected. At one point, refugee advocates charged that such applications were useless. In 1993, Mary Jo Leddy charged that such applications were &quot;useless for refugees&quot; and stated that during the last year no requests for a humanitarian and compassionate review had been granted in Ontario.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Asylum: A Moral Dilemma'', Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1995, page 136.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Growing claim numbers and efficiency measures ==
The arguable corollary to this broadened conception of the refugee definition was an increasing difficulty of distinguishing refugees from other migrants.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, page 165.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, because poverty may be a contributory cause of human rights abuse, many refugees will be migrating to better economic conditions.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 2.&lt;/ref&gt; Such challenges, the individualistic status determination model employed in Canada, as well as a ballooning number of claims, quickly resulted in backlogs. Soon after the IRB started in 1989, the number of asylum seekers reaching Canada began to rise, from a rate of several thousand a year, to reach 37,000 in 1992.&lt;ref name=&quot;:48&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 381. See also the following statement that Canada &quot;received more than 40,000 refugees in 1992&quot; in Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 302.&lt;/ref&gt; This happened concomitant to several global crises, including the implosion of the former Yugoslavia in 1991-92, which saw a number of persons come to Canada and claim asylum. At this point, Canada also fast tracked the admission of more than 25,000 refugees from Bosnia through its resettlement program.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 282.&lt;/ref&gt; While originally the Immigration and Refugee Board projected that cases would be dealt with in as little as eight weeks and no more than several months,&lt;ref&gt;Government of Canada, ''Refugee Determination: What it is and how it works'', Pamphlet, 1989, Immigration and Refugee Board, page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; increasingly this was not happening.

Bill C-86, passed by the Senate in December 1992, was a response to this influx of claimants. The bill was perceived to be primarily concerned with boosting the system's efficiency. It did this in a number of ways:

* First was by eliminating a screening system for claims at the IRB and transferring authority for determining whether an applicant was eligible to claim refugee status from the Board to senior immigration officers at the immigration department.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 240.&lt;/ref&gt; In the name of efficiency, Bill C-86 transferred the eligibility determination step to the department and abandoned the screening process designed to eliminate claims with “no credible basis”.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Council for Refugees, ''The challenge of fair and effective refugee determination,'' 23 July 2009 &lt;https://ccrweb.ca/files/fairdetermination.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 24, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; When the ''Immigration Act'' was amended to eliminate the two-stage screening process, a new test for determining that claims have no credible basis was added to the statute, but it assumed a different function: instead of screening out claims at a preliminary stage, it served to restrict the post-determination rights of unsuccessful claimants whose claims were found not to be supported by any credible evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Rahaman v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2002 FCA 89, [2002] 3 FC 537, &lt;[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2002/2002fca89/2002fca89.html?searchUrlHash=AAAAAQAaUmFoYW1hbiBhbmQgY3JlZGlibGUgYmFzaXMAAAAAAQ&amp;resultIndex=1 https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/fca/doc/2002/2002fca89/2002fca89.html]&gt; at paras 14-16.&lt;/ref&gt;
* The CRDD was granted the authority to accept a claim without conducting an oral hearing, what was called the “expedited process”. As part of the expedited process, an RHO would interview the claimant and make a recommendation to a CRDD member as to whether the claim should be accepted without a hearing or whether a hearing was needed. In 1993, between 25 and 30 per cent of all claims were processed through this expedited process. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 23 - Allowing a Claim Without a Hearing#What is the history of the Board's processes to accept claims without a hearing?]].
* The GIC was given the power to designate, from among the full-time members of the Refugee Division, members to be coordinating members (CMs) at the ratio of one CM for every fifteen members of the Refugee Division.
* Changes were also made to the process for seeking judicial review of the Board's decisions. From the time that the IRB had been created, panels of the Federal Court of Appeal had been conducting the judicial reviews, where they granted leave. February 1992 reforms to the ''Federal Courts Act'' transferred judicial review jurisdiction over credible basis decisions to the Federal Court Trial Division.&lt;ref&gt;Mary C Hurley, Principles, Practices, Fragile Promises: Judicial Review of Refugee Determination Decisions Before the Federal Court of Canada, 1996 41-2 ''McGill Law Journal'' 317, 1996 CanLIIDocs 50, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/2bhf&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-25 at page 334.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1993, amendments to the ''Immigration Act'' came into force which vested single judges of the Trial Division with original judicial review jurisdiction over all decisions of the Convention Refugee Determination Division.&lt;ref&gt;These amendments had been passed by Parliament in 1990, but took several years to be brought into force. See: Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 305 and Mary C Hurley, Principles, Practices, Fragile Promises: Judicial Review of Refugee Determination Decisions Before the Federal Court of Canada, 1996 41-2 ''McGill Law Journal'' 317, 1996 CanLIIDocs 50, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/2bhf&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-25 at page 320. &lt;/ref&gt; The move from multi-member panels to single judges for judicial reviews was yet another efficiency measure implemented for this high volume system.
New IRB Rules of Practice were also made at this time, the ''Convention Refugee Determination Division Rules'' SOR/93-45.

In 1994, as a concession to pragmatism, the government decided not to return certain refused refugee claimants to their countries of origin, particularly certain claimants from China. It did this by introducing the Deferred Removal Orders Class (DROC), which allowed applications for landing from refused refugee claimants who had not been removed after three years, subject to certain conditions. The Class was particularly aimed at resolving the situation of some 4,500 Chinese claimants waiting in limbo.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt; In this way, the initiative was a compromise: providing a sort of amnesty for the existing backlog of claimants, who had waited while deportations to China were suspended following the Tiananmen Square massacre, while also announcing that deportations of new refused claimants would recommence. Later, Canada also introduced special measures to address the situations of claimants who were not being recognized through regular procedures. In January 1997 the government introduced the Undocumented Convention Refugees in Canada Class (UCRCC), which offered a means for some refugees from Somalia and Afghanistan who were unable to satisfactorily establish their identity to become permanent residents, but imposing a five year wait from the date of their refugee determination.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;

Moreover, the position of the Refugee Hearing Officer continued to be seen as an important part of the efficiency and integrity of the system. This position assisted CRDD Members by conducting research and being responsible for questioning during hearings. In 1995, the position was renamed to be called a Refugee Claim Officer.&lt;ref name=&quot;:45&quot;&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Furthermore, measures have been implemented to streamline the asylum process for those in Canada, professionalize the provision of advice, and make claiming asylum in Canada less desirable, including by:
* &lt;u&gt;Limitations on appeal:&lt;/u&gt; One efficiency measure that was implemented at the time of the IRB's founding was that refugee claimants no longer had the ability to appeal a refusal of their claim under this revised system. As David Matas writes, this aspect of the new process was much criticized by legal counsel for refugees at the time.&lt;ref&gt;David Matas, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press, Toronto, 1989, ISBN 0-920197-81-7, page 145.&lt;/ref&gt; Claimants whose claims were declined continued to have recourse to seek judicial review at the Federal Court. However, a leave requirement was introduced in amendments to the ''Immigration Act'' in 1989''.''&lt;ref&gt;Liew, J. C. Y., Zambelli, P., Theriault, P.-A., &amp; Silcoff, M. (2021). Not Just the Luck of the Draw? Exploring Competency of Counsel and Other Qualitative Factors in Federal Court Refugee Leave Determinations (2005-2010). ''Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees'', ''37''(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40655 at page 63.&lt;/ref&gt; As a result of this, those seeking judicial review at the Federal Court required leave of the court to have their case heard. Leave to appeal has been granted in about 10 per cent of cases and reasons for refusal of leave are not granted.&lt;ref name=&quot;:49&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 445.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Broader restrictions on eligibility to claim:&lt;/u&gt; In 1994, authority was provided to the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration to issue a danger opinion against a refugee applicant on the basis of serious criminality. This had the effect of staying the refugee proceedings, removing the case from the jurisdiction of the IRB.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 447.&lt;/ref&gt; As well, Bill C-44 came into force on July 10, 1995, providing for the redetermination of eligibility to have a claim referred to the Refugee Division.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''Legal References'', Last updated: 2006 04 20, online &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20080329150414/http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hbcitations_e.htm&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; This allowed for the suspension of the processing of a claim at the CRDD and for revoking the referral of the claim to the CRDD if a senior immigration officer determined that the claim was ineligible to be referred to the CRDD. 
* &lt;u&gt;Restrictions on employment for claimants:&lt;/u&gt; In the early 1990s, the government prevented refugee claimants from working. This was changed later in the 1990s.
* &lt;u&gt;Move from two-person panels to one-person panels:&lt;/u&gt; As the Convention Refugee Determination Division was originally conceived, refugee claimants would appear before panels of two decision-makers, only one of whom needed to accept their claim for their application to be successful. This at the time was conceived of as a cost-saving measure when compared to the three-member panels on the prior Refugee Status Advisory Committee&lt;ref name=&quot;:82&quot; /&gt; and the three-member panels of the prior Immigration Appeal Boards.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 30.&lt;/ref&gt; A further cost-saving initiative was announced in March 1995 to move from two-member panels to one-person panels.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, pp. 244-245.&lt;/ref&gt; While the legislation would not be changed to make one-person panels the norm until the next decade, one-person panels ''de facto'' became the norm in the 1990s anyways. During that period, refugee determinations were usually made by one member sitting alone, with the &quot;consent&quot; of the applicant to do so. Catherine Dauvergne writes that by the time of the legislative amendment in 2002 that formalized this practice, two-person panels had already become rare.&lt;ref&gt;Catherine Dauvergne, Evaluating Canada's New Immigration and Refugee Protection Act in Its Global Context, 2003 41-3 ''Alberta Law Review'' 725, 2003 CanLIIDocs 127, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/2d8f&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-25 at page 728.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Increased focus on effecting removals:&lt;/u&gt; Citizenship and Immigration Canada describes removal as a key tool within the refugee system.&lt;ref&gt;Detention, Removals and the New Assisted Voluntary Returns Program (CIC – DRAVRP), Backgrounder, as cited in Edward Ou Jin Lee, ''Queer and Trans Migrants, Colonial Logics, and the Politics of Refusal'', Chapter 6 in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 150.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Professionalization of immigration consultants:&lt;/u&gt; Steps were taken to professionalize the non-lawyer immigration consultants who can represent individuals before the IRB, including the 1996 creation of an Immigration Practitioners Certificate Program at Seneca College in Ontario, the first such program in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt;
== Growing claim numbers and deterrence measures ==
There was a time when the refugee &quot;problem&quot; was thought to be solvable.&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot;&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 17.&lt;/ref&gt; The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) was originally set up for only three years. The office was renewed by the UN General Assembly thereafter, but only for successive five-year periods. UNHCR's temporary nature, and repeated renewals, continued until December 2003. At that time, the UNGA removed the temporal limitation and created a framework for refugee protection set to continue indefinitely, &quot;until the refugee problem is solved&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt; In Shauna Labman's words, the removal of the temporal limitation on UNHCR's mandate speaks to the recognition of the increasing unlikelihood of such a resolution.&lt;ref name=&quot;:29&quot; /&gt; Ebbing expectations of any permanent solution to refugee issues have come at the same time as refugee numbers have grown, asylum claimants have come from further afield, and concomitant refugee status determination costs have increased. This has been driven by reductions in the cost of international air travel, and the end of the Cold War, and with it a sharp reduction in the number of countries placing limits on the ability of nationals to leave their state (viz. the fall of the Berlin Wall).&lt;ref name=&quot;:62&quot; /&gt;

In response, in Bríd Ní Ghráinne's words, states have begun to employ increasingly &quot;creative&quot; means to constrain refugee flows and restrict the number of individuals they recognize as refugees.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Bríd Ní Ghráinne, ''Safe Zones and the Internal Protection Alternative'', 2020-04-16, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, DOI: 10.1017/S0020589320000019 &lt;https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589320000019&gt; (Accessed April 18, 2020), page 341.&lt;/ref&gt; Such measures have included curtailing the entry of refugees onto their territories through what she terms “relatively invisible—and hence politically expedient—''non-entrée'' measures”&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; which have been deployed by Canada to an increasing extent in recent decades. Canada's geographic location, buffered by the U.S., Mexico, and three oceans, has long made it difficult for irregular migrants to reach its territory.&lt;ref&gt;Ernesto Castaneda, ''Fortress North America: Theorizing a Regional Approach to Migration Management,'' American University, &lt;[https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66598692/Fortress_North_America_4_23_21_Castaneda_Danielson_Rathod-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1626553200&amp;Signature=Sszz1nlFvj16tw1o-ugkUpZorOqRJpaAqCAIGZhMutAkLubShL~iqScCGE0IUam4suCH-Vr4LLHlJCaE1FP3pv2xK-VF5C7BVHu1mxpJzjjUmTgV-3Q93sS2sorw6qPQ8SWsYYmQpNsJuruYdnBwfAXN~eTisxAoCUVzmXJX-Z5Gs8p~J1-0Py3fWaWz8n9TKYnqwgl3SB~02IMrwZ4y3e96IQbpuhUxzX7B33VUvY20u3tRo5qzbIo2qU~T2n4m9u~5PMgfWTJHEkKg4377JUBKw6JL1QGIDloajZ~476V494ip4ndLudQGoXUeqXwdxuef93yBshofC~A7hvBJMw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66598692/Fortress_North_America_4_23_21_Castaneda_Danielson_Rathod-with-cover-page-v2.pdf]&gt; (Accessed July 18, 2021), at page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; As the number of claimants in the country has risen in recent decades, Canada has increasingly turned towards the following ''non-entrée'' measures:
* &lt;u&gt;Restrictive visa policies:&lt;/u&gt; Until the late 1970s Canada had many fewer direct flights from other countries and it also had no visa requirement for any country in the western hemisphere.&lt;ref&gt;Rob Vineberg, ''Canada’s Imposition of a Visitor Visa Requirement on Haitians: the First in the Western Hemisphere,'' CIHS Bulletin, June 2021, Issue 97, &lt;[https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=http://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Bulletin-97-June-2021.pdf&amp;hl=en_GB http://cihs-shic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Bulletin-97-June-2021.pdf]&gt; (Accessed July 18, 2021), at page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; Instead, many travellers to Canada had to switch flights in the United States, something which generally required a visa to that country. In the late 1970s, direct flights to Canada from other countries began to spring up and Canada began to implement an in-Canada asylum system. Canada simultaneously began to require visas for entry into Canada, something which restricted access to the asylum process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; In 1987 the government began to require that individuals travelling via Canada to another country have a transit visa to pass through Canada if they came from a country whose citizens required a visitor visa to visit Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 53.&lt;/ref&gt; Such visa requirements expanded to the point that today citizens of states considered to be &quot;refugee producing&quot; generally require visitor visas that are described as &quot;extremely difficult to obtain&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), page 18.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, the rejection rate for visa applications from refugee-producing countries such as Somalia, Yemen, Afghanistan, and Syria is nearly 75 per cent.&lt;ref name=&quot;:50&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Carrier sanctions:&lt;/u&gt; Carrier sanctions refer to obligations placed on airlines and other transportation services to take care that they not transport anybody without a visa, if they are required to have one.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, Introduction to Chapter V, at p. 1108 (para. 66).&lt;/ref&gt; The Department of Citizenship and Immigration charges a carrier what has been labelled a &quot;hefty&quot; administration fee&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 121.&lt;/ref&gt; for each traveller arriving with improper documents.&lt;ref&gt;Francois Crepeau, ''The Foreigner and The Right to Justice in The Aftermath of September 11'', Refugee Watch Newsletter, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://refugeewatch.org.in/RWJournal/25.pdf&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed June 26, 2021) at item 1.7.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*&lt;u&gt;Criminalization of people smuggling:&lt;/u&gt; Canada has used provisions criminalizing human smuggling as a means to deter asylum claims, for example bringing charges against a US humanitarian worker for smuggling (an offence under IRPA that carries a maximum life sentence) for transporting twelve Haitian asylum seekers to the USA–Canada border.&lt;ref&gt;Audrey Macklin, “Asylum and the Rule of Law in Canada: Hearing the Other (Side)”, in Susan Kneebone, ed, Refugees, Asylum Seekers and the Rule of Law: Comparative Perspectives (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009) 78 at 105-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, in 1993 the passage of Bill C-86 established an expanded list of criteria by which an applicant might be determined inadmissible.&lt;ref&gt;Maria Cristina Garcia, ''Canada: A Northern Refuge for Central Americans,'' Migration Policy Institute, April 1 2006, &lt;https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/canada-northern-refuge-central-americans&gt; (Accessed July 18, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Biometric requirements:&lt;/u&gt; In the early 1990s, the government introduced a requirement that asylum applicants be fingerprinted.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;Nicholas Alexander Rymal Fraser, ''Shared Heuristics: How Organizational Culture Shapes Asylum Policy'', Department of Political Science, University of Toronto (Canada), ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2020, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://search.proquest.com/openview/f925dea72da7d94141f0f559633da65a/1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed August 1, 2020), at page 84 of PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; The government also then introduced and gradually expanded biometric requirements for visa applicants; by the end of 2018, all visitors requiring visas also required biometrics.&lt;ref&gt;Johanna Reynolds and Jennifer Hyndman, ''Shifting Grounds of Asylum in Canadian Public Discourse and Policy'', in Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 38 (Page 47 of PDF).&lt;/ref&gt; Measures were also taken to use such biometric identifiers as part of information-sharing agreements with other countries. The Canada-US Smart Border Declaration of December 2001 committed that the two countries would develop common biometric identifiers and engage in the exchange of information.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot;&gt;Idil Atak, Claire Ellis, and Zainab Abu Alrob, ''Refugee system as a bordering site: security, surveillance, and the rights of asylum seekers in Canada,'' in Graham Hudson and Idil Atak (eds.), ''Migration, Security, and Resistance: Global and Local Perspectives'', 2022. New York: Routledge, page 3 of section.&lt;/ref&gt; A 2003 agreement between the countries entitled ''Sharing of Information on Asylum and Refugee Status Claims'' allows for the automated, systematic sharing of information between Canada and the US about asylum seekers, including biometric and biographic data.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot; /&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;First country of asylum principles:&lt;/u&gt; Canadian immigration legislation has permitted the designation of safe countries since 1988.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 911.&lt;/ref&gt; This provision was used to authorize the safe third country agreement between Canada and the United States in 2004 (see below).
* &lt;u&gt;Stricter port-of-entry interviews and security screening:&lt;/u&gt; In the early 1990s, the government introduced deterrence measures design to push down the number of refugee claims, including stricter port-of-entry interviews.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; Then, in the wake of the 9/11 attacks, the then Immigration Minister announced that there would be much greater utilization of the strategy of Front-End Security Screening (FESS) for refugees as they arrive in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Obiora Chinedu Okafor, ''Refugee Law After 9/11: Sanctuary and Security in Canada and the United States'', UBC Press 2020, Law and Society Series, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9780774861465&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 91.&lt;/ref&gt; More detail on FESS screening is available at: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 54 - Changing the Date or Time of a Proceeding#Regulation 159.9(3)(b): The process for investigations and inquiries related to sections 34 to 37 of the Act is referred to as the FESS process]].
* &lt;u&gt;Pushback operations:&lt;/u&gt; The ''Immigration Act'' of the 1980s included authority for the Minister to direct a ship not to enter Canada’s waters where the Minister believed on reasonable grounds that the ship was bringing any person to Canada in contravention of the Act or Regulations; this provision was subject to a six-month “sunset clause” and was not used before it expired.&lt;ref&gt;An Act to amend the Immigration Act, 1976, and the Criminal Code in consequence thereof, S.C. 1988, c. 36 (Bill C-84, the ''Refugee Deterrents and Detention Act'').&lt;/ref&gt; More recently, pushback and interception operations have occurred overseas. For example, in 1998 Canadian officials arranged for the interception by the Senegalese navy of a boat carrying 192 Tamil persons from Sri Lanka, individuals who were then returned to Colombo before they could arrive in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Andrew Brouwer and Judith Kumin, ''Interception and Asylum: When Migration Control and Human Rights Collide,'' &lt;https://www.unhcr.org/afr/4963237d0.pdf&gt; (Accessed December 19, 2020), at page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Indonesian authorities funded by Canada's Human Smuggling Envelope programme intercepted the Alicia, carrying 84 Sri Lankan Tamils. Human Smuggling Envelope funding also supported the interception of The Ruvuma in Ghana in 2012, which according to authorities was bound for Togo and Benin, where hundreds of Sri Lankan refugees were stranded.&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak and Claire Ellis, ''The externalization of Canada’s border policies: extending control, restricting mobility'', in Ervis Martani and Denise Helly, ''Asylum and resettlement in Canada: Historical development, successes, challenges and lessons'', Genova University Press, &lt;https://gup.unige.it/sites/gup.unige.it/files/pagine/Asylum_and_resettlement_in_Canada_ebook.pdf&gt;, page 122.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Overseas interdiction:&lt;/u&gt; CBSA employees called migration integrity officers work overseas, ensuring that individuals who are travelling to Canada have proper travel documentation.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 34.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada's interdiction programs abroad are a component of what is termed its Multiple Borders Strategy (MBS). Under the MBS, liaison officers are tasked with preventing persons who lack Canadian authorization or other required documents from boarding planes or boats bound for Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 909. &lt;/ref&gt; In 2012 the government reported that there were 63 such officers in 49 locations worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;Hansard, Testimony of Pierre Sabourin, Vice-President, Operations Branch, Canada Border Services Agency, before the Citizenship and Immigration Committee, 41st Parl, 1st Sess, No 21 (14 February 2012), online: &lt;https://www.ourcommons.ca/DocumentViewer/en/41-1/CIMM/meeting-21/evidence&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Between 2001 and 2014, such liaison officers intercepted over 86,000 persons offshore.&lt;ref&gt;Efrat Arbel, &quot;Bordering the Constitution, Constituting the Border&quot; (2016) 53:3 Osgoode Hall LJ 824 at 839.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in 2018, 7,208 people, mostly from Romania, Mexico, India, Hungary, and Iran, were barred from boarding flights to Canada due to &quot;improper documentation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 88.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Funding for border enforcement in countries of transit:&lt;/u&gt; Canada funds border enforcement in the global South to prevent departure.&lt;ref&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; 
Rebecca Hamlin situates the rise of this regime to deter asylum claims in the following way: &quot;the rise of the regime of deterrence is, in part, a story of unintended consequences, because international commitments made by each country in a particular political moment came back to haunt future generations of policymakers. Had these countries' leaders anticipated the financial, security, and political challenges of the present-day situation, they might not have been as willing to make commitments that, at the time, were largely an abstraction.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; 

== The 2002 move from the Immigration Act to the IRPA ==
In the late 1990s, the federal government began a process to overhaul the then-''Immigration Act,'' including with a lengthy public consultation period.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 29.&lt;/ref&gt; It commissioned a report entitled ''Not Just Numbers: A Canadian Framework for Future Immigration'' which set out priorities for the reformed system, some of which were accepted and others (like removing jurisdiction for determining refugee status from the IRB and transferring it to civil servants&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 420.&lt;/ref&gt;) which were not. The resulting ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' (“IRPA”) was an entirely new statute and represented the first complete revision of immigration legislation in Canada since 1978.&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Canadian Immigration &amp; Refugee Law Practice'', Markham, Ont.: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2018, ISBN 9780433478928, ISSN [tel:1912-0311 1912-0311], &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?5022478&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed April 1, 2020) at page 158 of the PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; It emerged from Bill C-11, titled ''An Act respecting immigration to Canada and the granting of refugee protection to persons who are displaced, persecuted or in danger.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:88&quot;&gt;''Sidhu v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2023 FC 1681 (CanLII), at para 45, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1rpc#par45&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-20.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRPA received Royal Assent on November 1, 2001&lt;ref name=&quot;:88&quot; /&gt; (or December 2001&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 302.&lt;/ref&gt;) and came into force on June 28, 2002. The shift from the ''Immigration Act'' to the IRPA that June marked a new era of asylum policy in Canada - one that has been described as being focused on relieving administrative burdens. In the drafting and development of the IRPA, considerable public attention was devoted to the question of whether to have one act governing immigration matters and a separate act governing refugee law. The idea, motivated by concern about the fundamental differences between immigration and refugee law, and advocated for in the ''Not Just Numbers'' report, was ultimately rejected; however, the Act's new title and the establishment of a separate division of the legislation devoted to refugees reflect this concern.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 27.&lt;/ref&gt; Highlights of the new legislative framework include the following: 

* &lt;u&gt;Framework legislation:&lt;/u&gt; Compared to the previous legislation, the IRPA was described as framework legislation, with more details to be found in the regulations.&lt;ref name=&quot;:45&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Consolidated grounds for refugee protection:&lt;/u&gt; The IRPA expanded the categories of persons entitled to refugee protection. Under the former immigration legislation, the only category of person who was clearly entitled to protection at the IRB was a person who fell within the definition of “Convention refugee”. IRPA expanded the scope of coverage to include persons who are at risk of torture, death, and cruel and unusual treatment upon deportation to their country of nationality or former habitual residence.&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Canadian Immigration &amp; Refugee Law Practice'', Markham, Ont.: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2018, ISBN 9780433478928, ISSN [tel:1912-0311 1912-0311], &lt;https://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?5022478&gt; (Accessed April 1, 2020) at page 159 of the PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada had ratified the ''Convention Against Torture'' in 1987, but did not implement it directly in Canadian domestic law until this point''.''&lt;ref&gt;Obiora Chinedu Okafor, ''Refugee Law After 9/11: Sanctuary and Security in Canada and the United States'', UBC Press 2020, Law and Society Series, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9780774861465&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 25.&lt;/ref&gt; Rebecca Hamlin writes that there is no evidence to suggest that Parliament considered the introduction of IRPA section 97 to be monumental when it discussed the legislation before voting on it in 2002. When the bill was being debated, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Elinor Caplan assured members of Parliament the IRPA &quot;gives us the ability to streamline our procedures, so that those who are in genuine need of our protection will be welcomed in Canada more quickly and those who are not in need of protection will be able to be removed more quickly. That streamlining is extremely important.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 170.&lt;/ref&gt; Immediately after IRPA went into force, the IRB Legal Services division produced a lengthy guide for decision makers on how to make section 97 decisions; the guide states that these decisions were subsumed under the IRB mandate to avoid the &quot;delays and inconsistencies&quot; of the previous &quot;fragmented&quot; and &quot;multilayered approach&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Focus on compliance with international human rights instruments:&lt;/u&gt; The IRPA introduced a provision to Canada's immigration legislation specifying that it was to be construed and applied in a manner that complies with international human rights instruments to which Canada is signatory.
*&lt;u&gt;Shift from the CRDD to the RPD:&lt;/u&gt; The Convention Refugee Determination Division (CRDD) was renamed the Refugee Protection Division (RPD), to reflect the fact that it now had jurisdiction over the consolidated grounds for refugee protection. The Adjudication Division was also renamed the Immigration Division (ID).
*&lt;u&gt;Creation of the RAD:&lt;/u&gt; The IRPA created the Refugee Appeal Division (RAD), which would review negative decisions on their merits, though this took ten years to fully implement.&lt;ref&gt;Marlene Epp, “Refugees in Canada: A Brief History,” Immigration And Ethnicity In Canada 35 (2017), &lt;https://cha-shc.ca/_uploads/5c374fb005cf0.pdf&gt;, at 24-25.&lt;/ref&gt; Specifically, after the Act was passed, ''Citizenship and Immigration Canada'' announced that as a result of “pressures on the system” implementation of the RAD would be delayed.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 88.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Shift to single-member RPD panels:&lt;/u&gt; Because the IRB backlog was a huge concern, the staff time required to support the RAD was created through a shift from two-member panels to single-member hearings (or, occasionally, three-member RPD panels) so that half the number of Board members would generally be required for each case.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Pages 49-50.&lt;/ref&gt; This was as opposed to the two-member CRDD panels, or the use of single member CRDD panels on consent that had existed previously. 
* &lt;u&gt;PRRA:&lt;/u&gt; The IRPA transitioned from the Post-Determination Refugee Claimants in Canada Class (PDRCC) to the Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) process.&lt;ref&gt;''Covarrubias v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' [2007] 3 F.C.R. 169, para. 27.&lt;/ref&gt; The procedure compensates for the inability of claimants to make a second refugee claim, even when changes in circumstances in the country of origin occurred after a first claim was denied.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 303.&lt;/ref&gt; The way PRRA functions is that a refused asylum seeker can apply for a PRRA to assess whether the risk faced by the refugee claimant has changed since their decision was rendered.&lt;ref name=&quot;:71&quot;&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), pages 18-19.&lt;/ref&gt; PRRA is an administrative review of an application done on the basis of a written submission.&lt;ref name=&quot;:47&quot;&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 443.&lt;/ref&gt; When the government announced the creation of CBSA in 2003, originally the plan was to transfer PRRA responsibility to them, but in the wake of pressure from NGOs, PRRA responsibility remained with Citizenship and Immigration Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 262&lt;/ref&gt; As discussed below, in 2012 the IRPA was amended to limit access to the PRRA during the twelve months following the rejection of a claim. At the same time, before the IRPA, refugee claimants were allowed to make a second claim to the CRDD if they had been out of Canada for at least 90 days. However, with the advent of the IRPA, claimants could only submit one claim to the RPD even if they leave the country and return.
* &lt;u&gt;Clarification of the Chairperson's powers:&lt;/u&gt; The powers of the IRB Chairperson were clarified and added to, including the power to designate coordinating members; to delegate certain powers; to assign GIC-appointees to a Division; to take any action necessary to ensure that IRB members carry out their duties efficiently and without undue delay; and, in addition to the power to issue guidelines in writing to members, the Chairperson now also had to the power to identify IRB decisions as “jurisprudential guides” to assist members in carrying out their duties.
*&lt;u&gt;Increased security provisions:&lt;/u&gt; Sharryn Aiken, et. al., write that the most significant shift signalled by the IRPA is that it demonstrated a marked security turn in Canadian immigration law. They note that &quot;this is hardly surprising in legislation that was passed in the immediate aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; Peter Showler writes that the government almost scrapped IRPA to introduce a law much tougher on refugees, but that Immigration Minister Elinor Caplan decided to proceed with the IRPA in the end.&lt;ref&gt;Peter Showler, ''My Time at the Immigration and Refugee Board'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 16.&lt;/ref&gt; This law included a number of security-related measures, including:
**&lt;u&gt;Increased authority to detain claimants:&lt;/u&gt; The IRPA expanded the authority of immigration officers to detain refugee claimants where they represented a flight risk, a danger to the public, and/or their identity was in doubt. This expanded authority resulted in the number of individuals detained pursuant to the ''Immigration Act'' rising substantially, from 8,000 people in the year 2000 to some 11,500 in 2003.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 426.&lt;/ref&gt;
**&lt;u&gt;Broader grounds of ineligibility to claim refugee protection because of criminality:&lt;/u&gt; When compared to the 1976 Act, IRPA included broadened grounds restricting the eligibility of refugee claimants to have their refugee claims determined.&lt;ref&gt;Kelley, Ninette, and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 425.&lt;/ref&gt;
**&lt;u&gt;Anti-smuggling measures:&lt;/u&gt; The past century has seen what Gil Loescher describes as &quot;dramatic growth&quot; in human trafficking and trans-continental people smuggling.&lt;ref&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, page 15.&lt;/ref&gt; Provisions in the IRPA for the first time implemented Canada's obligations under the ''Palermo Convention'' together with its ''Smuggling Protocol'' and ''Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children''.&lt;ref&gt;''B010 v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 SCC 58 (CanLII), [2015] 3 SCR 704, par. 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gm8wn#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2021-04-25.&lt;/ref&gt; Smugglers became eligible for a sentence of life imprisonment upon criminal conviction.&lt;ref&gt;Vinh Nguyen and Thy Phu (eds.), ''Refugee States: Critical Refugee Studies in Canada'', 2021, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, &lt;https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/106645/1/Refugee_States_UTP_9781487541392.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 17, 2021), Page 37 (Page 46 of PDF). &lt;/ref&gt;
**&lt;u&gt;Ministerial interventions:&lt;/u&gt; With the advent of the IRPA, the Minister was granted the authority to intervene in all refugee claims.
*&lt;u&gt;Limitations on appeal:&lt;/u&gt; Since 2002, Federal Court decisions can only be appealed to the Federal Court of Appeal if the Federal Court itself certifies that they involve a serious question of general importance.&lt;ref&gt;Pia Zambelli, Internal Flight Anarchy: Points of Divergence from UNHCR Guidelines in Canadian Decision Making, ''International Journal of Refugee Law'', 2024;, eeae032, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeae032, page 13.&lt;/ref&gt;

While the above overhaul of the system represented considerable change, it is also notable that some of the changes argued for in the ''Not Just Numbers'' report were ultimately rejected. For example, that report had recommended that the processing of overseas and inland refugee claims be unified within a single system with shared decision-makers for both. Having a single system reflected a desire for more consistent decision-making on refuge status, but, in Shauna Labman's words, &quot;[brushed over] the additional necessity of the selection aspect in overseas resettlement.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 43.&lt;/ref&gt; The proposal was not adopted.

== Post-IRPA measures ==
Following the introduction of the IRPA, a number of measures were taken which had a continued focus on system integrity, efficiency, and reducing backlogs at the RPD. These included:

* &lt;u&gt;Reverse-order questioning:&lt;/u&gt; The year following the introduction of the IRPA, in 2003, the IRB Chairperson issued Guideline 7 on the Conduct of a Hearing, which created a new order for questioning during an RPD hearing. The new order of questioning in a hearing of a claim for refugee protection was that, if the Minister is not a party, any witness, including the claimant, would be questioned first by the RPD and then by the claimant’s counsel.&lt;ref&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; 

* &lt;u&gt;Refusal to introduce the RAD:&lt;/u&gt; Over the next decade subsequent to the coming into force of the IRPA, there were several attempts by some members of Parliament to pass another act forcing the implementation of the RAD, including a very near success in summer 2008.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 89.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Creation of CBSA:&lt;/u&gt; The Canada Border Services Agency was established in 2003. It operates as part of the Department of Public Safety Canada, also created in 2003 following the model of the US Department of Homeland Security. &lt;ref&gt;Karine Côté-Boucher and Mireille Paquet, &quot;Immigration enforcement: why does it matter who is in charge?&quot; in Dauvergne, C. (2021). ''Research handbook on the law and politics of migration''. Edward Elgar Publishing, page 87.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Increasingly merit-based Member appointment process:&lt;/u&gt; Additionally, there were changes to the appointment process for Governor in Council Members of the Division. Such GIC appointments to the IRB have always been controlled by the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, although reforms implemented in the 1990s started to provide greater scope for management of the IRB to participate in the selection and reappointment of Members based on more merit-based criteria. These efforts were reversed in the winter of 2006 when the newly elected government introduced changes to give the Minister greater control and discretion. The Chair of the IRB, Jean-Guy Fleury, unexpectedly resigned at this time, eight months before the end of his mandate, leading to speculation that he did so in protest, having been a strong advocate for a more merit-based appointment process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:49&quot; /&gt; Similarly, there were early exits of a deputy chair and the IRB executive director, as well as the resignation of all five members of an advisory panel that selected Immigration and Refugee Board adjudicators, who released a public letter indicating that they were resigning in protest.&lt;ref&gt;Nicholas Keung, ''PM defends refugee board changes'', Toronto Star, March 1, 2007, &lt;https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/03/01/pm_defends_refugee_board_changes.html&gt; (Accessed December 25, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Introduction of the Safe Third Country Agreement with the United States:&lt;/u&gt; STCAs are bi- or multi-lateral agreements requiring refugees to seek refuge in the first country they reach, prohibiting them from seeking asylum in the other state(s) party to the agreement.&lt;ref name=&quot;:34&quot; /&gt; A provision for safe third country agreements was included in Canada's ''Immigration Act'' in the 1980s. Canada attempted to negotiate such an agreement with the United States in the decades following, initially without success. For example, in 1993 Canada entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with the United States with the intent of the latter being declared as a safe third country,&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 99.&lt;/ref&gt; but in 1998 the Canadian government announced that negotiations with the U.S. pursuant to that Memorandum of Agreement, negotiations which aimed to see the US designed a safe third country, were being abandoned.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; It was only in the wake of 9/11 that Canada was able to successfully conclude such negotiations.&lt;ref&gt;Obiora Chinedu Okafor, ''Refugee Law After 9/11: Sanctuary and Security in Canada and the United States'', UBC Press 2020, Law and Society Series, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9780774861465&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 219.&lt;/ref&gt; Specifically, on December 5, 2002, Canada signed its STCA with the United States.&lt;ref&gt;Citizenship and Immigration Canada, “A Partnership for Protection: One Year Review,” Executive Summary (November 2006) at 5.&lt;/ref&gt; That agreement came into effect on December 29, 2004, the first time that the safe third country regime in Canada's immigration legislation was first utilized.&lt;ref&gt;Mark Rook, ''Identifying Better Refugee Policies for an Evolving Crisis'', April 21, 2020, University of Pennsylvania Honors Thesis, &lt;https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=ppe_honors&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), page 132.&lt;/ref&gt; The agreement, modelled on the multilateral Dublin Regulation among European Union member states'',''&lt;ref name=&quot;:35&quot;&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; prohibits most persons from seeking asylum at a regular land port of entry in either country if they first landed in the other one.&lt;ref name=&quot;:34&quot; /&gt; The immediate impact of the STCA was to significantly lower the number of inland refugee claims in Canada; there was a 49 percent drop in claims made at the Canada-US border after the agreement came into effect.&lt;ref name=&quot;:34&quot; /&gt; This trend, however, did not last.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 912.&lt;/ref&gt; For those who did make a claim at the Canadian border, the vast majority fitted within one of the exceptions to the agreement - in 2005, of the 4033 claims made at the border, only 303 refugee claimants were returned to the United States as ineligible to apply in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:47&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Enlargement of UNHCR ExCom:&lt;/u&gt; Canada has continued to sit on the UNHCR ExCom. Its size has grown from 25 states in the 1950s to 106 today. As a result, Gil Loescher writes, ExCom has become too large and politicized and it is frequently not an effective decision-making body.&lt;ref name=&quot;:59&quot; /&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Regulation of immigration consultants:&lt;/u&gt; The Canadian Society of Immigration Consultants was established to regulate the activities of immigration consultants providing representation for a fee in 2004, the first time that such a regulatory body had been established in Canada.&lt;ref name=&quot;:66&quot; /&gt;
As well, on June 22, 2006, the Prime Minister offered a public apology in the House of Commons to the Chinese-Canadian communities impacted by the head tax and previous exclusionary legislation. The government agreed to pay $20,000 in compensation to the survivors, or their spouses, who had paid the head tax; there were about 20 left alive at that point.&lt;ref name=&quot;:89&quot; /&gt;

== Refugee reform in 2010 and 2012 ==
Two pieces of legislation made significant changes to the refugee system in 2010 and 2012, the ''Balanced Refugee Reform Act'' (BRRA, 2010) and the ''Protecting Canada’s Immigration System Act'' (PCISA, June 2012). The BRRA received royal assent on June 29, 2010. It was passed by Parliament during a minority government and among its substantial amendments to the IRPA were some compromises proposed by the opposition parties. A federal election was subsequently held on May 2, 2011 and following that election, the BRRA was amended by the new majority government in Parliament, before the substantial provisions of the BRRA came into force on December 15, 2012. Those subsequent amendments came in the form of PCISA. Key portions of PCISA were originally part of the ''Preventing Human Smugglers from Abusing Canada’s Immigration System Act'' (Human Smugglers Act), which was introduced as Bill C-49 in October 2010. After the May 2011 Canadian federal election caused Bill C-49 to die on the order paper, the newly formed majority government re-introduced the provisions as Bill C-4 in June 2011. This ''Human Smugglers Act'' was then incorporated into Bill C-31, PCISA, in June 2012.&lt;ref&gt;Bond, Jennifer. &quot;Failure to Report: The Manifestly Unconstitutional Nature of the Human Smugglers Act.&quot; Osgoode Hall Law Journal 51.2 (2014) : 377-425, &lt;http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/ohlj/vol51/iss2/1&gt;, pages 378-379.&lt;/ref&gt;

As Neil Yeates describes it, the thrust of these reforms was for faster processing of claims, with a view that ''bona fide'' claimants would be more quickly approved, and failed claimants, after access to the new Refugee Appeal Division of the IRB, would be more quickly removed from Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Neil Yeates, ''Report of the Independent Review of the Immigration and Refugee Board'', Government of Canada, April 10, 2018, &lt;https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/ircc/migration/ircc/english/pdf/pub/irb-report-en.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2020), page 1.&lt;/ref&gt; Various changes were made to assist this, including:

* &lt;u&gt;Legislated timelines for hearings:&lt;/u&gt; The legislation included accelerated timelines for scheduling refugee hearings,&lt;ref name=&quot;:35&quot; /&gt; with a requirement that a hearing take place within 60 days of a claimant making their claim.&lt;ref name=&quot;:38&quot;&gt;George Melnyk and Christina Parker, ''Finding Refuge in Canada: Narratives of Dislocation'', February 2021, Athabasca University Press, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781771993029&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 12.&lt;/ref&gt; This initial date for the RPD hearing was fixed by an immigration officer. 
* &lt;u&gt;Implementation of the Refugee Appeal Division (RAD).&lt;/u&gt; As part of this reform, the RAD came into being on December 15, 2012.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 89.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD, as implemented at this point, had a broader mandate than that envisioned when the legislative provisions for the RAD were originally enacted at the time that the IRPA came into force. For example, the IRPA originally allowed the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal to present only written submissions. This was subsequently modified by the BRRA to allow them to submit documentary evidence as well, albeit “only evidence that arose after the rejection of their claim or that was not reasonably available, or that the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented.”&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 32, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par32&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-22.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Public servant decision-makers:&lt;/u&gt; First-level decision makers at the IRB’s Refugee Protection Division began to be public servants appointed in accordance with the ''Public Service Employment Act'' as opposed to Governor-in-Council appointees. The shift away from Governor-in-Council appointees reflected a key recommendation from the government's own immigration-law advisory committee, namely that qualified public servants should be named to the Immigration and Refugee Board, not political appointees.&lt;ref&gt;Valerie Knowles, ''Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2015'', March 2016, ISBN 978-1-45973-285-8, Dundurn Press: Toronto, p. 248.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Elimination of the Refugee Protection Officer position:&lt;/u&gt; A position that had variously gone by the name Refugee Hearing Officer (&lt;abbr&gt;RHO&lt;/abbr&gt;), Refugee Claim Officer (&lt;abbr&gt;RCO&lt;/abbr&gt;), and Refugee Protection Officer (&lt;abbr&gt;RPO&lt;/abbr&gt;)&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Assessment of Credibility in Claims for Refugee Protection'', January 31, 2004, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/legal-concepts/Pages/Credib.aspx2&gt; (Accessed January 27, 2020), at foreword.&lt;/ref&gt; was eliminated on the basis that it would no longer be necessary given the expertise that the public servant decision-makers would possess. These roles had previously assisted Members by conducting questioning at hearings.  
* &lt;u&gt;Creating a list of Designated Countries of Origin (DCOs)&lt;/u&gt;, countries that were not generally considered to be refugee-producing, and where measures to deter and expedite such claims were consequently legislated.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 36.&lt;/ref&gt; The Designated Country of Origin list was introduced in 2012 as part of the ''Protecting Canada’s Immigration System Act''. The initiative was modelled on the European Safe Country of Origin list, which is used in that asylum system.&lt;ref name=&quot;:35&quot; /&gt; The implications for asylum seekers coming from DCOs included an expedited hearing process with shortened timelines, no access to the Refugee Appeal Division, no automatic stay of removal for failed claimants seeking judicial review, limited access to PRRA, and no eligibility for a work permit or health care for the first 180 days during which they were awaiting a decision on their claim.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 331.&lt;/ref&gt; Designation as a safe country was dependent on a combination of qualitative observations of countries’ levels of democratic process and human rights records and on two quantitative thresholds, including when 75 percent or more of previous claims by nationals of a country had been rejected by the IRB or 60 percent or more of previous claims by nationals of a country had been withdrawn. The initial DCO list included 25 countries and was eventually expanded to include 42 countries.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;Chantel Spade &amp; Tearney McDermott, ''‘Safe’ countries and ‘fraudulent’ refugees: Tools for narrowing access to Canada’s refugee system,'' Spotlight on Migration No. 2020/4, August 2020, Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement (RCIS), &lt;[https://www.ryerson.ca/content/dam/centre-for-immigration-and-settlement/RCIS/publications/spotlightonmigration/2020_4_Spade_Chantel_McDermott_Tearney_Safe_countries_and_fraudulent_refugees_Tools_for_narrowing_access_to_Canada%E2%80%99s_refugee_system.pdf https://www.ryerson.ca/content/dam/centre-for-immigration-and-settlement/RCIS/publications/spotlightonmigration/2020_4_Spade_Chantel_McDermott_Tearney_Safe_countries_and_fraudulent_refugees_Tools_for_narrowing_access_to_Canada’s_refugee_system.pdf]&gt; (Accessed September 13, 2020), page 3 of PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; On May 17, 2019, following a series of Federal Court rulings&lt;ref&gt;e.g. ''Y.Z. v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' [2016] 1 FCR 575, 2015 FC 892.&lt;/ref&gt; in which specific provisions of the DCO policy were struck down for not complying with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Government of Canada announced that it would remove all countries from the DCO list&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; and that the DCO regime would eventually be repealed through legislative amendment.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, News Release, “Canada Ends the Designated Country of Origin Practice” (17 May 2019), online: &lt;https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-&amp;#x20;refugees-citizenship/news/2019/05/canada-ends-the-designated-country-of-origin-practice.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Creating the concept of Designated Foreign Nationals:&lt;/u&gt; The PCISA reforms established a regime for what are termed Designated Foreign Nationals.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 51.&lt;/ref&gt; DFNs, as defined in the Act, are groups of two or more refugee claimants suspected by the Minister of Public Safety 'irregular arrival' with the aid of smugglers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:36&quot;&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; The implications of being so designated include that DFNs will be automatically detained until their refugee claim is determined if they are sixteen years of age or older.&lt;ref name=&quot;:38&quot; /&gt; This built on the way that mandatory detention had already been utilized in Canada after the arrival of Tamil refugees aboard the MV ''Ocean Lady'' and MV ''Sun Sea'' in 2010.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, 2021, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 102.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, even if their claim is accepted, DFNs are unable to apply for permanent resident status for five years,&lt;ref name=&quot;:38&quot; /&gt; as well as being unable to obtain a travel document and unable to sponsor family members.&lt;ref name=&quot;:36&quot; /&gt; Soon after the introduction of these provisions in the Act, they were invoked by the government in multiple cases.&lt;ref&gt;See, e.g., ''Miclescu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 465 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc5#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2021-09-04 and ''X (Re),'' 2013 CanLII 67018 (CA IRB), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/g1l9n#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2021-09-04.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Reforms to PRRA:&lt;/u&gt; In 2012, Parliament amended the IRPA to limit access to PRRA within twelve months following the rejection of a claim.&lt;ref&gt;Martine Valois and Henri Barbeau, ''The Federal Courts and Immigration and Refugee Law,'' in Martine Valois, et. al., eds., The Federal Court of Appeal and the Federal Court: 50 Years of History, Toronto: Irwin Law, 2021, at page 304.&lt;/ref&gt; Henceforth, the way PRRA has functioned is that if a refused asylum seeker is not removed from Canada within a year of the last decision on their refugee claim, they may be eligible for a PRRA to assess whether the risk faced by the refugee claimant changed over that year.&lt;ref name=&quot;:71&quot; /&gt; An exception to this 12-month bar was made for claimants from DCOs, who were restricted from applying for PRRA for 36 months following their initial decision; this lengthier PRRA bar was struck down as a violation of s. 15 of the ''Charter'' in ''Feher v. Canada''.&lt;ref&gt;''Feher v. Canada (Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness)'', [2019] FCJ No. 308 (FC).&lt;/ref&gt; The ''Balanced Refugee Reform Act'' also transferred authority over the PRRA from the Minister to the IRB, although this transfer was never actually brought into force,&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 171.&lt;/ref&gt; and was eventually repealed effective 2022.
* &lt;u&gt;Limitations on the Interim Federal Health Program:&lt;/u&gt; The Interim Federal Health Program provides refugee claimants with access to health care while their claims are pending. As part of a strategy to create disincentives for refugee claimants to come to Canada, on December 15, 2012 the government cut access to health care for some categories of claimants.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 916.&lt;/ref&gt; This policy change was introduced via Orders in Council which limited access to health care in Canada while select refugee claims were pending, principally claims from claimants who originated from DCOs.&lt;ref&gt;Donald Galloway, ''Populism and the failure to acknowledge the human rights of migrants,'' in Dauvergne, C. (ed), ''Research handbook on the law and politics of migration'', April 2021, ISBN: 9781789902259, page 205.&lt;/ref&gt; Such claimants were entitled to receive much lower levels of health care than other claimants. This policy was declared unconstitutional by the Federal Court in 2015, with the court concluding that the resultant regime amounted to &quot;cruel and unusual treatment&quot; prohibited by the ''Canadian'' ''Charter of Rights and Freedoms''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot; /&gt; This decision is one in a line of similar cases from courts that have pushed back against restrictive asylum legislation around the world. For example, the UK House of Lords, in ''Limbuela'', found that decisions made to refuse support to asylum seekers risked violating the prohibition on inhuman and degrading treatment due to the risk of a claimant being &quot;obliged to sleep in the street, save perhaps for a short and foreseeably finite period, or was seriously hungry, or unable to satisfy the most basic requirements of hygiene&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Limbuela v Secretary of State for the Home Department'' [2005] UKHL 66 [9], as cited in Emma Borland, ''Temporal pillars of fairness: reflections on the UK's asylum adjudication regime from an original refugee-centred position'', PhD Thesis, 2020, Cardiff University, &lt;https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/132879/&gt; (Accessed June 30 2021), page 75.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Cessation:&lt;/u&gt; The new legislation provided for the loss of permanent resident status for certain persons if the RPD allows an application from the Minister for the cessation of their refugee protection. This renders such persons inadmissible to Canada. 

The current version of the Refugee Protection Division rules came into force on October 26, 2012 following the coming-into-force of this legislation.&lt;ref&gt;Tastsoglou, Evangelia and Shiva Nourpanah. &quot;(Re)Producing Gender: Refugee Advocacy and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in Refugee Narratives.&quot; Canadian Ethnic Studies, vol. 51 no. 3, 2019, p. 37-56. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/ces.2019.0019, page 42.&lt;/ref&gt; The Immigration and Refugee Board, in its public comments, emphasized these rules and the importance of decisions being guided by them. This aligned with comments at the time from the Immigration Minister Jason Kenney of this sort: &quot;I think most Canadians intuitively understand that broad public support for immigration, and, frankly, diversity in our society is contingent on having a well-managed, rules-based, fair immigration system. I think they understand that we all have a stake in maintaining such a system&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; Following the coming into force of this new legislation and RPD rules in 2012, there was a 49 percent decline in asylum claims.&lt;ref&gt;Ernesto Castaneda, ''Fortress North America: Theorizing a Regional Approach to Migration Management,'' American University, &lt;[https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66598692/Fortress_North_America_4_23_21_Castaneda_Danielson_Rathod-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1626553200&amp;Signature=Sszz1nlFvj16tw1o-ugkUpZorOqRJpaAqCAIGZhMutAkLubShL~iqScCGE0IUam4suCH-Vr4LLHlJCaE1FP3pv2xK-VF5C7BVHu1mxpJzjjUmTgV-3Q93sS2sorw6qPQ8SWsYYmQpNsJuruYdnBwfAXN~eTisxAoCUVzmXJX-Z5Gs8p~J1-0Py3fWaWz8n9TKYnqwgl3SB~02IMrwZ4y3e96IQbpuhUxzX7B33VUvY20u3tRo5qzbIo2qU~T2n4m9u~5PMgfWTJHEkKg4377JUBKw6JL1QGIDloajZ~476V494ip4ndLudQGoXUeqXwdxuef93yBshofC~A7hvBJMw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66598692/Fortress_North_America_4_23_21_Castaneda_Danielson_Rathod-with-cover-page-v2.pdf]&gt; (Accessed July 18, 2021), at page 28.&lt;/ref&gt;

In addition to the above legislation, in 2011, Bill C-35—which was originally called the ''Cracking Down on Crooked Consultants Act''—amended section 91 of the IRPA. Through regulations made by the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, the Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council (ICCRC) then became the regulator of immigration consultants.

== 2010s refugee protection initiatives ==

=== Changes to the regime for those with criminal records ===
Prior to 2013, the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act provided that no appeal to the Immigration Appeal Division was available if a permanent resident was inadmissible with respect to a crime that was punished in Canada by a term of imprisonment of at least two years. As of June 19, 2013, the ''Faster Removal of Foreign Criminals Act'' received Royal Assent.&lt;ref&gt;''Pardo v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2023 FC 1769 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1zfd#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-09.&lt;/ref&gt; It changed the grounds for serious criminality in subsection 64(1) of the IRPA to “at least six months” instead of “at least two years”, restricting appeals to the IAD that has discretion about whether to effect the removal or not. 

=== Changes to eligibility for dependent children of protected persons ===
Once an individual is recognized as a protection person, their dependant children may be included when applying for temporary or permanent residence in Canada. However, the child must be within the age limit and meet the requirements of a dependent child. In October 2017, this age limit changed: rising from &quot;under 19&quot; to &quot;under 22&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, ''Who you can include as a dependent child on an immigration application,'' Date modified: 2023-06-30 &lt;https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/age-limit-requirements-dependent-children.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Resettlement programs ===
Canada actively resettles thousands of refugees per year within a voluntary burden-sharing scheme. This act places Canada near the top of a small group of approximately thirty countries worldwide willing to offer refugee protection through resettlement in addition to the promise of ''non-refoulement'' in the ''Refugee Convention''.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 59.&lt;/ref&gt; Three states have traditionally been the leaders in resettlement: Canada, Australia, and the United States. Combined, they have tended to receive approximately 90 percent of the UNHCR's resettlement referrals.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; By way of example, in the 2017 calendar year, the United States resettled 33,400 refugees, while Canada resettled 26,600 refugees, and Australia resettled 15,100 refugees.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR, ''Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2017'', http://www.unhcr.org/5b27be547.pdf at 30.&lt;/ref&gt; In line with this tradition, Canada launched a program to resettle more than 25,000 Syrian refugees in 2015. 

=== Sanctuary city movements ===
Many people do not file for asylum but live in the margins of society as undocumented self-settled migrants fearing arrest, deportation, and other punitive measures.&lt;ref&gt;Gil Loescher, ''Refugees: A Very Short Introduction'', May 2021, Oxford, ISBN: 9780198811787, page 14.&lt;/ref&gt; The 1906 ''Immigration Act'' made it the duty of municipal authorities to report select categories of removable immigrants, including those who had become a charge upon public funds or upon any charitable institution.&lt;ref&gt;Ninette Kelley and Michael J. Trebilcock. ''The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010 (Second Edition). Print. Page 138.&lt;/ref&gt; This duty was subsequently removed from Canada’s immigration legislation. Nonetheless, persons without legal immigration status in Canada, whether that of a refugee, refugee claimant, or otherwise, have faced difficulties accessing government and private services lest immigration documents be demanded or they be referred to immigration authorities and deported. In Canada, since 2013, Toronto, London, Vancouver,&lt;ref&gt;Atak I. (2021) “A Responsible and Committed City”: Montréal’s Sanctuary Policy. In: Faret L., Sanders H. (eds) Migrant Protection and the City in the Americas. Politics of Citizenship and Migration. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74369-7_5&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Edmonton, Montreal, Ajax,&lt;ref&gt;Paquet M., Benoit N., Atak I., Joy M., Hudson G., Shields J. (2022) Sanctuary Cities and Covid-19: The Case of Canada. In: Triandafyllidou A. (eds) Migration and Pandemics. IMISCOE Research Series. Springer, Cham. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81210-2_5&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; and Hamilton have all declared themselves sanctuary cities.&lt;ref&gt;Laura Madokoro, ''On public sanctuary: exploring the nature of refuge in precarious times,'' in Dauvergne, C. (ed), ''Research handbook on the law and politics of migration'', April 2021, ISBN: 9781789902259, page 102.&lt;/ref&gt; These sanctuary city policies have generally involved ordinances ensuring access to municipal services for the undocumented, though without going so far as prohibiting information-sharing with federal border enforcement authorities altogether. 

=== Expanded information-sharing agreements between Five Eyes countries ===
The 2010s saw a significant increase in the use of biometric technologies by asylum systems around the world. By the end of 2018, for instance, the UN Refugee Agency alone reported the capture and storage of biometric identity for over 7.1 million refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Achiume, E. Tendayi. “Digital Racial Borders.” AJIL Unbound, vol. 115, 2021, pp. 333–338., doi:10.1017/aju.2021.52.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada has long been collecting biometric information from refugee claimants and at this time it began to exchange such information more with partner countries. Canada has long had information-sharing agreements with the United States whereby information about refugee claimants is exchanged. For example, the Canada-US Smart Border Declaration of December 2001 committed that the two countries would develop common biometric identifiers and engage in the exchange of information.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot; /&gt; A 2003 agreement between the countries entitled ''Sharing of Information on Asylum and Refugee Status Claims'' allows for the automated, systematic sharing of information between Canada and the US about asylum seekers, including biometric and biographic data.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot; /&gt; The exchanged information includes: identity-related information, for example biographic and biometric data; previous refugee claim status (denied, abandoned, or granted); data that would indicate that a claim is inadmissible; and any evidence submitted to support a previous application.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot; /&gt; In 2009 the &quot;Five Eyes&quot; countries signed a Data Sharing Protocol to conduct a small number of &quot;immigration checks&quot; through biometric (fingerprint) data exchanges. This arrangement was intended as a pilot for automated data exchanges and it involved commitments to share 3000 fingerprints annually. Canada then reached information sharing agreements with the United Kingdom (2015), Australia (2016), and New Zealand (2016) which moved from the pilot model to the automated sharing of information.&lt;ref name=&quot;:64&quot; /&gt;

== Irregular border crossing controversy ==
Since the Board's 1989 founding, the number of people making refugee claims has increased greatly, both in Canada and internationally. Looking at the numbers globally, during decade of the 1980s, there were 2.3 million applications for asylum lodged worldwide, mostly in western Europe, the United States, and Canada. During the 1990s, this number grew to 6.1 million applications filed, and the list of receiving nations grew to include Australia, New Zealand, Scandinavia, and southern Europe. During the 2000s, there were 5.5 million new applications filed worldwide, and countries such as Ireland, Greece, Poland, and South Africa became popular new destinations.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014. Print. Page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; Today, roughly one million individuals apply for asylum globally each year,&lt;ref&gt;Mark Rook, ''Identifying Better Refugee Policies for an Evolving Crisis'', April 21, 2020, University of Pennsylvania Honors Thesis, &lt;https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&amp;context=ppe_honors&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; with those classified as refugees representing 7–8 per cent of the global migrant population.&lt;ref&gt;Julia Morris, ''The Value of Refugees: UNHCR and the Growth of the Global Refugee Industry'', Journal of Refugee Studies, 11 January 2021, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa135 at page 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in Canada, while the volume of new claims has gone through cycles, volume has trended upwards over time. Soon after the IRB started in 1989, the number of asylum seekers reaching Canada went up from a rate of several thousand a year to reach 37,000 in 1992.&lt;ref name=&quot;:48&quot; /&gt; Since then, three notable case decision backlogs have occurred: in 2002 with over 57,000 claims, in 2009 with over 62,000 pending claims,&lt;ref&gt;Neil Yeates, ''Report of the Independent Review of the Immigration and Refugee Board'', Government of Canada, April 10, 2018, &lt;https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/ircc/migration/ircc/english/pdf/pub/irb-report-en.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2020), page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; and post-2017, where the Refugee Protection Division had 90,000 claims awaiting decision.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Refugee Protection Claims (New System) Statistics'', Date modified: 2020-02-20, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/statistics/protection/Pages/RPDStat.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt;  

In this context, persons crossing irregularly from the United States into Canada became a significant political issue starting around 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; Such crossings occurred primarily at Roxham Road on the Quebec-New York border and at Emerson, Manitoba. From 2017 to 2020 more than 59,000 people crossed the Canada-US border in an irregular manner and claimed asylum in Canada,&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; in order to evade the restrictions put in place by the Safe Third Country Agreement. This included 20,593 claimants in 2017, 19,419 claimants in 2018, and then 16,077 claimants in 2019.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, &quot;Irregular Border Crosser Statistics&quot; &lt;http://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/statistics/Pages/Irregular-border-crosser-statistics.aspx&gt; (Accessed August 23, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; Quebec received approximately 95% of the irregular border crossers from the United States.&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 107.&lt;/ref&gt; The total number of asylum claims in Canada similarly rose over this period, going from 23,870 in 2016, to 50,390 in 2017, to 55,040 in 2018, to 64,045 in 2019.&lt;ref&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), pages 3-4.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The resources dedicated worldwide to Refugee Status Determination (RSD) have been appropriately described as immense. States and UNHCR rendered 1.5 million decisions on individual asylum claims in 2017&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 29.&lt;/ref&gt; and as of 2018 there were 3.5 million asylum seekers in the world.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR, ''Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2018'', Published 2019, &lt;https://www.unhcr.org/globaltrends2018/&gt; (accessed 17 April 2019).&lt;/ref&gt; Although exact figures are difficult to determine, academics note that the combined cost of RSD performed by states and UNHCR exceeds the total cost of direct humanitarian assistance provided to refugees by UNHCR.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, M., &amp; Houle, F. (2008). Building a Better Refugee Status Determination System. ''Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees'', ''25''(2), 3-11. Retrieved from https://refuge.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/refuge/article/view/26027, page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; In fact, Thériault has estimated that the Global North alone spends $20 billion on RSD,&lt;ref&gt;Pierre-André Thériault, ''Settling the Law: An Empirical Assessment of Decision-Making and Judicial Review in Canada's Refugee Resettlement System'', April 2021, Ph.D Thesis, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, &lt;https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/38504/Theriault_Pierre-Andre_2021_PhD_v2.pdf?sequence=2&gt; (Accessed July 10, 2021), page 54.&lt;/ref&gt; a number which is a multiple of the UNHCR’s budget,&lt;ref&gt;James Hathaway, “Toward the Reformulation of International Refugee Law” (1996) 15:1 Refuge; Amitav Acharya and David B. Dewitt, “Fiscal Burden Sharing” in James Hathaway, ed., Reconceiving International Refugee Law (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1997) at 117.&lt;/ref&gt; and, by his estimate, four times the budget made available to agencies that are responsible for the care of the refugee population in the Global South, despite the fact that 85% of refugees reside there.  

Around the world, irregular arrivals generally have higher success rates for asylum claims than those who apply after arriving on some other temporary visa. For example, in Australia, the historical average success rate for asylum seekers who arrive by boat has been more than 80 per cent. The academic Daniel Ghezelbash states that this is largely due to the effectiveness of visa regimes in identifying persons with potential asylum claims and not giving them a visa which would allow them to travel to the country by regular means.&lt;ref&gt;Daniel Ghezelbash, ''Fast-track, accelerated, and expedited asylum procedures as a tool of exclusion,'' in Dauvergne, C. (ed), ''Research handbook on the law and politics of migration'', April 2021, ISBN: 9781789902259, page 254.&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the comparative ''bona fides'' of such claimants, the journeys undertaken by claimants arriving in a country irregularly, and necessitated by state deterrence measures, are often hazardous. For example, several crossers into Canada lost limbs to frostbite after walking for hours in freezing temperatures, and Mavis Otuteye, a 57-year-old Ghanaian grandmother, was found dead from hypothermia in a ditch near the Canada-US border in 2017.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 88-89.&lt;/ref&gt;  

This increase in border crossings between the United States and Canada had political, procedural, and legal consequences, including:

* &lt;u&gt;Challenges to Safe Third Country Agreement:&lt;/u&gt; There were post-2017 calls to suspend or end the Safe Third Country Agreement, including a legal challenge to the agreement, which, following a 2023 decision of the Supreme Court of Canada, is ongoing at the Federal Court.&lt;ref&gt;''Canadian Council for Refugees v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 SCC 17 (CanLII), &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxp04&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-02.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159 - Safe Third Countries#Constitutionality of the Safe Third Country Agreement with the United States]]. 
* &lt;u&gt;Increase in claims:&lt;/u&gt; The increase in claims caused the government to increase IRB capacity. One of the effects of this increase in refugee claims has been a growing backlog of claims to process at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. In 2017, the IRB launched what it termed an &quot;Irregular Border Crossing Response Team&quot; with 20 decision-makers.&lt;ref&gt;IRB News Release. Ottawa. August 11, 2017. “IRB launching Irregular Border Crossing Response Team to address large and growing number of border crossings in Quebec”. &lt;/ref&gt; In its 2019-20 departmental plan, the IRB noted that &quot;an inventory of more than 75,000 claims has accumulated, representing more than two years of work at current funding levels&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;George Melnyk and Christina Parker, ''Finding Refuge in Canada: Narratives of Dislocation'', February 2021, Athabasca University Press, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781771993029&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; One of the federal government initiatives in response to this surge in claims was to temporarily expand the processing capacity of the IRB. The government increased resources at the Refugee Protection Division so that it could deal with up to 50,000 asylum claims annually by 2021.&lt;ref&gt;CARRERA, Sergio, GEDDES, Andrew (editor/s), ''The EU pact on migration and asylum in light of the United Nations global compact on refugees'', Florence: European University Institute, 2021, Migration Policy Centre, Retrieved from Cadmus, European University Institute Research Repository, at: https://hdl.handle.net/1814/70600 at page 28.&lt;/ref&gt; 
*&lt;u&gt;Calls to extend the Safe Third Country Agreement:&lt;/u&gt; There were post-2017 calls to extend the application of the Safe Third Country Agreement across the entire Canada-US border. As of 2017, polls indicated that 70 percent of Canadians felt that security along the Canada-US border should increase.&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 120.&lt;/ref&gt; A 2018 Angus Reid poll indicated that more than half of respondents said that Canada was too generous to asylum seekers who cross into Canada irregularly.&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak, Claire Ellis, and Zainab Abu Alrob, ''Refugee system as a bordering site: security, surveillance, and the rights of asylum seekers in Canada,'' in Graham Hudson and Idil Atak (eds.), ''Migration, Security, and Resistance: Global and Local Perspectives'', 2022. New York: Routledge, page 5 of section.&lt;/ref&gt; In their 2019 platform, the Conservative Party of Canada committed to prioritizing &quot;economic migration&quot; and favouring those facing &quot;true persecution&quot; over &quot;bogus&quot; refugee claimants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; The Conservative Party indicated that, if elected, it would hire 250 more CBSA officers and move IRB Members closer to crossing sites to expedite the process.&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 111.&lt;/ref&gt; A broadened Safe Third Country Agreement with the United States went into effect in 2023: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159 - Safe Third Countries#Text of the Safe Third Country Agreement]].
*&lt;u&gt;Changes to eligibility for referral to the IRB:&lt;/u&gt; The irregular border crossing controversy led to Parliament making changes to which claimants were eligible for a hearing before the IRB. In June 2019, amendments were made to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act in Bill C-97, the ''Budget Implementation Act, 2019''.&lt;ref&gt;Budget Implementation Act, 2019, No. 1, S.C. 2019, c. 29 (Bill C-97), ''Parliament of Canada'', &lt;https://www.parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/42-1/bill/C-97/royal-assent&gt; (accessed April 28, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; These changes introduced new grounds of ineligibility for refugee claimants if they have previously requested asylum in a country with which Canada has an information-sharing agreement or arrangement. In practice this means that individuals who made a previous claim in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, or New Zealand (the &quot;five eyes countries&quot;) are ineligible to claim refugee status in Canada and have their claims heard by Immigration and Refugee Board, though if information sharing agreements are made with other countries, they also will be included.&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 112.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so regardless of whether a decision was ever made on the previous claim.&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak, Claire Ellis, and Zainab Abu Alrob, ''Refugee system as a bordering site: security, surveillance, and the rights of asylum seekers in Canada,'' in Graham Hudson and Idil Atak (eds.), ''Migration, Security, and Resistance: Global and Local Perspectives'', 2022. New York: Routledge, page 2 of section.&lt;/ref&gt; Those found to be ineligible to make a claim to the IRB may submit an application for a pre-removal risk assessment instead.&lt;ref&gt;Chantel Spade &amp; Tearney McDermott, ''‘Safe’ countries and ‘fraudulent’ refugees: Tools for narrowing access to Canada’s refugee system,'' Spotlight on Migration No. 2020/4, August 2020, Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement (RCIS), &lt;https://www.ryerson.ca/content/dam/centre-for-immigration-and-settlement/RCIS/publications/spotlightonmigration/2020_4_Spade_Chantel_McDermott_Tearney_Safe_countries_and_fraudulent_refugees_Tools_for_narrowing_access_to_Canada’s_refugee_system.pdf&gt; (Accessed September 13, 2020), page 4 of PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; Idil Atak describes this omnibus Bill as having been &quot;adopted hastily in the lead-up to the 2019 federal election&quot; as part of the government's measures to respond to the irregular border crossing controversy&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak, Zainab Abu Alrob, Claire Ellis, Expanding refugee ineligibility: Canada’s response to secondary refugee movements, Journal of Refugee Studies, 14 December 2020, &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa103&lt;/nowiki&gt; at page 2.&lt;/ref&gt; and this can be seen as an example of the Canadian government's capacity to respond to developing circumstances quickly with new immigration legislation.&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 96.&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;u&gt;Changes to the process of referring a claim to the RPD:&lt;/u&gt; The ''Budget Implementation Act, 2019'' also amended the IRPA to remove the three-day time limit for making a decision on the eligibility of a claim to be referred to the RPD and removed the “deemed referral” to the RPD if an eligibility decision was not made in that time period.&lt;ref&gt;Budget Implementation Act, 2019, No. 1, S.C. 2019, c. 29 (Bill C-97), ''Parliament of Canada'', &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/42-1/bill/C-97/royal-assent&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (accessed April 28, 2022). See amendments to subsections 100(1) and (3) of the IRPA.&lt;/ref&gt; Because of a lack of sufficient counsel in Quebec, the IRB issued a temporary practice notice directing that certain claimants were required to submit only certain basic information in their Basis of Claim Form by their usual deadline, and that their full details could be added at a later date.&lt;ref&gt;IRB News Release. March 29, 2018. “UPDATE - Temporary Procedures regarding the Submission of the Basis of Claim Form in Quebec Extended Until Further Notice”.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Changes to IRB scheduling:&lt;/u&gt; As the backlog of claims at the IRB rose, the average wait time for a first hearing at the RPD grew to two years, as opposed to the statutory timeline of two months for most asylum seekers.&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak, Claire Ellis, and Zainab Abu Alrob, ''Refugee system as a bordering site: security, surveillance, and the rights of asylum seekers in Canada,'' in Graham Hudson and Idil Atak (eds.), ''Migration, Security, and Resistance: Global and Local Perspectives'', 2022. New York: Routledge, page 4 of section.&lt;/ref&gt; The increase in claims triggered a change in how the IRB scheduled and prioritized claims. The ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulation'' allows for exceptions to the time limit for the RPD to hold a hearing in the case of operational limitations.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations'', SOR/2002-227, s 159.9(3).&lt;/ref&gt; To deal with its backlog, the IRB began to prioritize older cases for scheduling before newer cases and abandoned the case processing timelines in the Regulations. Previously, when IRCC or CBSA referred a file to the RPD, the claimant was also provided a hearing date; the RPD then postponed that hearing for lack of capacity to hold it within the time limit. As of August 29, 2018, claimants were no longer provided a hearing date at the time of referral.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, &quot;Interim Measures: Issuing a Confirmation of Referral to refugee claimants in lieu of a Notice to Appear at the time the claim is referred to the Refugee Protection Division&quot; (last modified 2 January 2019), online: ''Government of Canada'' &lt;http://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/operational-bulletins-manuals/refugee-protection/canada/processing-claims-refugee-protection-post-interview-final-decision/confirmation-referral&gt; (accessed April 28, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Covid-19 ==
In 2020, in response to the Covid-19 virus, fifty-seven countries shut their borders to asylum seekers.&lt;ref&gt;Harsha Walia, ''Border &amp; Rule'', Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing, ISBN: 9781773634524, page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; At first, the Canadian government announced that all claimants arriving outside ports of entry would be screened for the virus and then quarantined if the test results were positive. The Canadian government changed its position days later, announcing that all claimants would be returned to the United States.&lt;ref&gt;Sharryn Aiken, et al, ''Immigration and Refugee Law: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (Third Edition)'', Jan. 1 2020, Emond, ISBN: [tel:1772556319 1772556319], at page 913.&lt;/ref&gt; As part of this, the two countries reached a temporary agreement which allows Canada to send back individuals entering Canada from the US to make an asylum claim.&lt;ref&gt;Idil Atak, Zainab Abu Alrob, Claire Ellis, Expanding refugee ineligibility: Canada’s response to secondary refugee movements, Journal of Refugee Studies, 14 December 2020, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/jrs/feaa103 at page 7.&lt;/ref&gt; The agreement applied between official ports of entry along the land border and at air and marine ports of entry. The government also designated Roxham Road as a port of entry for the purposes of the Safe Third Country Agreement and began returning refugee claimants to the US at that point.&lt;ref&gt;Audrey Macklin &amp; Joshua Blum, Country Fiche: Canada, ''ASILE: Global Asylum Governance and the European Union's Role'', January 2021, &lt;https://www.asileproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Country-Fiche_CANADA_Final_Pub.pdf&gt; (Accessed April 2, 2021), page 28.&lt;/ref&gt; In response to these measures, the number of those attempting to cross the border irregularly plummeted, for example, 24 irregular migrants sought to make claims between March 16, when the border closed, and May 8, 2020.&lt;ref&gt;Monica Boyd &amp; Nathan T.B. Ly (2021) Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings, American Review of Canadian Studies, 51:1, 95-121, DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2021.1899743 at page 113.&lt;/ref&gt;   

The pandemic saw a number of states temporarily suspend asylum procedures.&lt;ref&gt;Crawley, Heaven. 2021. ''The Politics of Refugee Protection in a (Post)COVID-19 World''. Social Sciences 10:81. [[doi:10.3390/ socsci10030081|https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10030081]] at page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Canada was one of them. The Refugee Protection Division shut down all hearings for several months as a result of the pandemic, resuming them in the summer of 2020, including with the introduction of virtual (remote) hearings for the first time. Referrals of claims to the IRB by IRCC and CBSA were delayed or suspended for far longer.&lt;ref&gt;Jay Turnbull, ''They want to work, but thousands of asylum seekers are waiting on the sidelines,'' CBC News, Feb 22, 2021 &lt;https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/asylum-seekers-work-permits-delay-pandemic-1.5921285&gt; (Accessed March 7, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;  

The Covid-19 pandemic also saw the Canadian government implement one of its periodic amnesty campaigns for asylum seekers, in this case a program that became colloquially known as the Guardian Angels initiative which granted permanent resident status to asylum seekers who were involved with front-line caregiving during the pandemic. This policy was formally called the ''Temporary public policy to facilitate the granting of permanent residence for certain refugee claimants working in the health care sector during the COVID-19 pandemic.''&lt;ref&gt;''Kolawole v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1384 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0wrg#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt; The program became operational on December 14, 2020 and ended on August 31, 2021.   

Bill S-8 amended the IRPA and the Regulations, as a response to Russia’s attack on Ukraine, to ensure that foreign nationals subject to sanctions under the ''Special Economic Measures Act'' are inadmissible to Canada.&lt;ref&gt;Bill S-8, “An Act to amend the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, to make consequential amendments to other Acts and to amend the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations”, S.C. 2023, c. 19. &lt;/ref&gt; The amendments also affected eligibility to have a refugee claim referred to the RPD by broadening it.   

Following the Covid-19 pandemic, and the resumption of international travel, the volume of claims increased, to an all-time high of 144,860 claims in 2023.&lt;ref&gt;Lisa Barkova, Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer, ''Costing Asylum Claims from Visa-Exempt Countries'', Published on May 31, 2024, &lt;https://www.pbo-dpb.ca/en/publications/RP-2425-007-S--costing-asylum-claims-from-visa-exempt-countries--analyse-couts-demandeurs-asile-pays-dispenses-obligation-visa&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;   

== Creation of College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants ==
In June 2017, the House of Commons Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration (CIMM) issued a report entitled ''Starting Again: Improving Government Oversight of Immigration Consultants''. It recommended that the new regulatory body for immigration consultants develop a system of tiered licensing, with the highest level reserved for litigation before the IRB. The ensuing College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants officially opened on December 9, 2021. In 2019, Parliament passed legislation that permitted implementation of the tiered licensing. As a result, the College bylaws provided that a Class L3 license for representation at the IRB would be required “after July 1, 2022, or such other date as may be fixed by the Board by resolution”. In June 2022, the Board of Directors of the College passed a resolution setting July 1, 2023, as the new date for the requirement for a Class L3 licence. This Class L3 licence is also called “IRB-Certification” or the “Specialization Program”.&lt;ref&gt;College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants, 2023, ''Specialization Program'', &lt;https://college-ic.ca/licensee-obligations/ongoing-education-for-rcics/specialization-program&gt; (Accessed December 29, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Conclusion ==
The next chapters in the story of refugee protection procedure in Canada remain to be written. What can be said is that the concept of the ‘refugee’ is as old as the state system, and, in the words of academic Eve Lester, it will remain with us for as long as the state system remains.&lt;ref name=&quot;:33&quot; /&gt; As Emma Haddad writes, refugees are the consequence of erecting political boundaries and failing to protect all individuals as citizens, hence pushing insiders outside. So long as these conditions pertain - there are political borders constructing separate states and creating clear definitions of insiders and outsiders, and failures of protection - there will be refugees.&lt;ref&gt;Haddad, E. (2008). The Refugee in International Society: Between Sovereigns (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511491351, pages 7 and 213.&lt;/ref&gt; As Alan Nash observes, the structure for protecting refugees is flawed and subject to a series of opposing tensions. Nevertheless, this structure sets out a charter of the rights and obligations owed to refugees and by doing so lays down the standards by which they should be treated.&lt;ref&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
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      <text bytes="22191" sha1="oipy2dsmev3zte016bfzgf8mln883ym" xml:space="preserve">All refugee proceedings have ritual, ceremony, and behaviour that is considered to be proper decorum. A ritual is a frequently performed action conducted in a predetermined order. The ritualized activities during hearings help decision-makers uphold authority in the process and bring a sense of solemnity to the situation.&lt;ref&gt;Johannesson, L. The Symbolic Life of Courts: How Judicial Language, Actions, and Objects Legitimize Credibility Assessments of Asylum Appeals. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' '''24''' (Suppl 4), 791–809 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-022-00989-4, page 801.&lt;/ref&gt; Decorum is &quot;behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety.&quot; It can involved officially prescribed rites, ceremonial etiquette, and expected behaviour and gestures.&lt;ref&gt;Ben Laws, Self-generated asylum evidence: Scripting, staging and desperation in the assessment process, ''Journal of Refugee Studies'', 2024;, feae057, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feae057, page 12.&lt;/ref&gt; What is proper decorum in the context of refugee hearings at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada? 

== The Member should foster the appropriate climate for the hearing ==
Persons who are designated to act as Members represent Canada to claimants. They are seen to represent Canadian society and its core values.&lt;ref&gt;Gold, Marina. 2019. ‘Liminality and the Asylum Process in Switzerland’. Anthropology Today 35 (3): 16–19. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.12506&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; They must therefore behave in such a way as to preclude any suggestion that Canada is not willing to accept refugees, even though it reserves the right to make sure that they are acting in good faith.&lt;ref&gt;''De Leon v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', [2000] F.C.J. No. 852 (F.C.T.D.) (QL), IMM-6251-98, Pelletier J., para. 20.&lt;/ref&gt; The following has been held to be applicable to Members of the IRB: the judge will ensure the climate necessary for the operation of justice by his moderation, his discipline and his courtesy in his relations with counsel, the parties and the witnesses.&lt;ref&gt;''Guermache v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2004 FC 870 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1j2dt#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2022-10-20.&lt;/ref&gt; Because the claimant is not &quot;on trial&quot; and is merely seeking recognition of the claimant’s status as a Convention refugee, the panel has to try to put the claimant at ease as much as possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The Member and IRB registry staff can be expected to treat the hearing participants with respect.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx&gt;, at section 4.&lt;/ref&gt; This also has implications for the conduct of parties, counsel, and witnesses; a panel should not allow any participant to use abusive or threatening language, for example.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Members are ultimately responsible for maintaining order within the hearing room and making sure their instructions are clearly understood by all parties.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Summary of Member Conduct Issue, Case No. 22-027, Date modified: 2024-09-06, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/member-conduct/Pages/case-22-027.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; It is the responsibility of the Member to control the proceeding and ensure fairness.&lt;ref&gt;''Shahlavi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2013 FC 749 (CanLII), at para 1, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/fzjd3#par1&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The claimant should be received and introduced to the hearing room by a Board staff member ==
Claimants should be properly received at the beginning of the hearing. The IRB commissioned a report on its use of videoconference and the resultant report stated that &quot;From a justice system perspective, it seems to me wrong that claimants attending a hearing in which their future is to be decided by an adjudicator in what is effectively a judicial proceeding, should not be received in the hearing room at the outset by a real person with official status, who can address the claimants by name, confirm that they are in the right place, introduce them to the equipment, explain what to expect, and so on.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;S. Ronald Ellis, Q.C., ''Videoconferencing in Refugee Hearings'', Published by Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Date October 21, 2004 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/reviews-audit-evaluations/Pages/Video.aspx&gt; (Accessed January 26, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; That report, which is published on the Board's website, identifies this as an important  step in the creation of a receptive and comfortable hearing environment. There is also an aspect to which the order in which the participants arrive at the hearing signals hierarchy and status: the Member usually enters last, something that requires the other participants to wait for the decision-maker to arrive.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Johannesson, L. The Symbolic Life of Courts: How Judicial Language, Actions, and Objects Legitimize Credibility Assessments of Asylum Appeals. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' '''24''' (Suppl 4), 791–809 (2023). &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-022-00989-4&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 802.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Proceedings will be recorded ==
Audio of refugee proceedings before the Board will, as a matter of course, be recorded. Indeed, there is some legal risk where the Board does not record the hearing: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The Board is not obliged to record hearings, but a lack of such a recording may constitute grounds for setting aside the decision]]. International norms regarding refugee determination provides that states may record a refugee claimant's oral statements, but the claimant should be given due notice that this may be required.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, Introduction to Chapter V, written by Hofmann &amp; Löhr, at p. 1119 (para. 102).&lt;/ref&gt; Such notice is a common way to begin proceedings at the RPD, where the member will, as part of an introductory spiel, inform the claimant that they are now &quot;on the record&quot;.  

== Proceedings are a mix of formal and informal ==
Section 162(2) provides that each Division must deal with proceedings as informally and quickly as circumstances permit, taking into account the requirements of fairness and natural justice. This provision implies that the Division is not bound by formal rules of procedure that would apply in a court or more formal quasi-judicial tribunal.&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Canadian Immigration &amp; Refugee Law Practice'', Markham, Ont.: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2018, ISBN 9780433478928, ISSN 1912-0311, &lt;https://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?5022478&gt; (Accessed April 1, 2020) at page 201 of the PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; This accords with the recommendations of Rabbi Plaut, whose report led to the foundation of the Immigration and Refugee Board. In his report ''Refugee Determination in Canada'', he stated &quot;The atmosphere [of the refugee hearing] should be relaxed and informal and every effort should be made to put the claimant at ease&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 123.&lt;/ref&gt; The Member is not, properly speaking, a judge, and should not be referred to with the appellation &quot;your honour&quot;.  It is generally recommended that the Member be addressed as “Sir” or “Madam”,&lt;ref&gt;CLEO, Your Refugee Hearing Publication, 2024 &lt;http://refugeehearing.cleo.on.ca/on-the-day-of-your-hearing/&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; although the non-gendered “Member” followed by the person’s last name is also common. 

The Irwin Law text ''Refugee Law'' notes that &quot;despite the Board's own description of its hearing process as 'informal,' the reality for claimants is that it is decidedly formal.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Martin David Jones and Sasha Baglay. ''Refugee law (Second Edition)''. Irwin Law, 2017, page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Law Reform Commission of Canada, in its report ''The Determination of Refugee Status in Canada: A Review of the Procedure'' states that &quot;Hearings are conducted...in a fairly formal atmosphere, in a quasi-judicial context which many claimants appeared to find intimidating. This formality flows from both the setting and the behaviour of the participants. The hearing room is laid out like a court room, with a raised desk and high-back chairs for Members. The style of proceedings is typical of that for a quasi-judicial tribunal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C., ''Rebuilding trust: A Report of the Review of Fundamental Justice in Information Gathering and Dissemination at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', Refugee Studies Centre, Publisher: Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, December 1993, page 73.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board has stated that panels have to ensure that a certain degree of decorum is maintained in the hearing room. It states that decorum is necessary (1) so that the claimant will appreciate that the panel is taking the process very seriously, and (2) so that the claimant and other witnesses will appreciate that the hearing is not a just casual interview, but rather is a serious &quot;judicial&quot; type of proceeding, at which every statement must be made as carefully and accurately as possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''CRDD Handbook'', Dated March 31, 1999, online &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20080331073416/https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hb01_e.htm&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;

In operation, a refugee hearing is not dissimilar to any other administrative hearing: the parties are present, witnesses are examined, and submissions are made.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Some of the expectations for conduct at such hearings follow:

=== Parties will wear attire appropriate for a formal hearing ===
The Board states that &quot;attire should be appropriate for a formal hearing and in keeping with the atmosphere of the hearing room.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Interpreter Handbook'', December 2012, Government of Canada, online: Immigration and Refugee Board &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/interpreters/Pages/Interpret.aspx&gt; (Accessed May 30, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the guide for designated representatives provides that &quot;In-person hearings are often held in a formal hearing room. Participants are expected to dress professionally.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx#toc354&gt; (Accessed August 3, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== What participants may bring to a hearing ===
As is stated on the decorum poster at the Toronto Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada office, &quot;please do not bring food or beverage into the hearing rooms.&quot; It goes on to also state &quot;use of camera and phones are not permitted&quot;.

=== The parties should stand whenever the Board Member enters or leaves the hearing room ===
The parties should stand whenever the Board Member enters or leaves the hearing room.&lt;ref&gt;University of Ottawa Refugee Assistance Project, ''UORAP Hearing Preparation Kit'', ''Guide 3: Preparing Evidence for your Hearing'' &lt;https://www.fcjrefugeecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/hearing_preparation_kit.pdf[https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/hearing_preparation_kit.pdf f]&gt; (Accessed May 3, 2022), page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; As is stated on the decorum poster at the Toronto Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada office, &quot;please rise and remain standing when the Official enters or leaves the hearing room.&quot;

=== Witnesses will swear or affirm to tell the truth ===
A refugee claimant is required to appear and testify under oath.&lt;ref&gt;''Jaballah (Re),'' 2010 FC 224 (CanLII), [2011] 3 FCR 155, at para 97, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/28cx7#par97&gt;, retrieved on 2023-11-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence is typically presented in ''viva voce'' form at the hearing. Witnesses are sworn or affirmed and then questioned.&lt;ref&gt;Martin David Jones and Sasha Baglay. ''Refugee law (Second Edition)''. Irwin Law, 2017, page 302.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The panel will use accessible language to explain the procedure ===
The Member should put the issues in colloquial or plain language for the claimant, especially where the claimant is unrepresented by counsel or seems unsure of what is going on.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Principles about the manner in which the Board is to exercise its discretion]]. The fact that the Member turns to the claimant at the beginning of the hearing to explain what will unfold is something done with the ambition of making the asylum claimant feel comfortable. It is observed that by doing so, this this attempt to set the claimants at ease may reinforce the separation of the frequent participants and the asylum claimant, the “insiders” of the rituals from the “outsiders”, as only the outsiders require an explanation of the ritual activities.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; 

=== Witnesses will put away notes while testifying ===
It is expected that witnesses, including claimants, will not have notes, their BOC form, or other paperwork in front of them while testifying. Such an expectation has generally been held to be compatible with a fair procedure.&lt;ref&gt;''Wysozki v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness)'' (F.C., No. IMM-4958-19), Strickland, March 31, 2020; 2020 FC 458.&lt;/ref&gt; Claimants are expected to answer questions spontaneously, without having to refer to notes they may have taken before the hearing. The facts on which they testify are supposed to be within their personal knowledge. Claimants are thus not allowed to have notes or documents in front of them, in virtual or in-person hearings. This is important for the assessment of the credibility of their testimony.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Quality performance in the Refugee Protection Division 2022 to 2023'', 2024-12-02, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/reviews-audit-evaluations/Pages/rpd-qmi-2223.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Counsel will act honourably and consistently with their role and professional obligations ==
Counsel and independent designated representatives representing a party should adopt a professional and respectful approach.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx&gt;, at 3.5.&lt;/ref&gt; As noted above, counsel should comply with their professional obligations, something which has implications for comportment and conduct during the hearing. The Board has stated that this would enjoin the use abusive or threatening language, for example.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, the Board's guidelines for proceedings before the IRB involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics provide that questioning should be done in a sensitive, non-confrontational manner. This would appear to apply equally to counsel for the claimant, Minister, and any other participant, as it would to the Member.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics,'' Revised: December 17, 2021, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir09.aspx#a73&gt; (Accessed January 30, 2024), at section 7.3 (&quot;Questioning an individual&quot;).&lt;/ref&gt;

While a lawyer shall seek to fearlessly advocate for their client, they must do so honourably, in compliance with the law, and in a manner that complies with their professional obligations.&lt;ref&gt;''Sachdeva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1522 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k71jm#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-01.&lt;/ref&gt; Lawyers are - among other things - officers of the courts and have a duty to promote the interests of the state and maintain the authority and dignity of the courts.&lt;ref&gt;See, for example, ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia,'' Law Society of British Columbia.&lt;/ref&gt; This arguably has implications for lawyers appearing before tribunals, not just courts. For example, the ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia'' of the Law Society of British Columbia provides that lawyers should take care not to weaken or destroy public confidence in legal institutions or authorities by irresponsible allegations. Lawyers have a right and, arguably, a duty to criticize tribunals in some circumstances but such criticism must be measured against the public’s reasonable expectations of the lawyer’s professionalism.&lt;ref&gt;Law Society of British Columbia, ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia,'' Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia (the BC Code), Annotations to Chapter 2 – Standards of the Legal Profession, Annotations to rule 2.1-2  To courts and tribunals, &lt;https://www.lawsociety.bc.ca/for-lawyers/act-rules-and-code/code-of-professional-conduct/annotations-to-chapter-2/&gt; (Accessed May 14, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 14-16 - Counsel of Record#1) Incompetence]].  

This also has implications for the arguments that counsel advances. In ''Naqvi v. Canada'', the Refugee Appeal Division concluded that counsel had advanced &quot;callous arguments [that] attempt to normalize, justify, and condone domestic violence&quot; in a case about whether the appellant was excluded from the refugee regime by reason of his past domestic violence, and it labelled such arguments both &quot;concerning and inappropriate&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Naqvi v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship),'' 2024 FC 144 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2h2k#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-30.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Awonuga v. Canada,'' the court commented that caution should be exercised by parties and decision-makers alike to avoid casting a broad, disparaging light on countries in the global south by suggesting that their peoples and institutions somehow lack the competence to produce documents in a professional manner.&lt;ref&gt;''Awonuga v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 27 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/k23w1#par20&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Counsel's role is to exercise judgement regarding a file and not to advance any argument that their client requests. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 14-16 - Counsel of Record#Counsel's role is to exercise judgement regarding a file and not to advance any argument that their client requests]].

== Parties will note when they are submitting content with &quot;graphic content&quot; ==
Graphic content, also known as sensitive materials, includes but is not limited to documents, material, pictures, and videos that feature violence, serious injuries, or sexually explicit acts. Graphic content may sometimes be relevant to a refugee claim. However, exposure to graphic content can have a negative impact on viewers, readers, and listeners, including on the registry staff processing files, particularly when it is unexpected.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Refugee Protection Division: Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' Date modified: 2024-09-09, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pn-procedural-issues.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, at 5.3 (information bubble definition 'graphic content').&lt;/ref&gt;

The Refugee Protection Division asks that a warning that such graphic content has been provided:&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;u&gt;Submitting documents with graphic content&lt;/u&gt;

When filing evidence containing graphic content, such as pictures or videos that show violence, serious injuries, or sexually explicit acts, the party must clearly identify it by labelling it with “Notice: Graphic Content”.

The notice must be prominently displayed so that it will be seen before the recipient views the graphic content. For example, appropriate places to identify graphic content include the cover page of your document package, email subject line, and/or a table of contents.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Quick Guide to the Refugee Protection Division Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' September 9​, 2024, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pnpi-guide.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The Board states that the purpose of this procedure is to protect the health and safety of &lt;abbr&gt;IRB&lt;/abbr&gt; staff and not to limit relevant evidence that a party wishes to submit.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Questions and answers: Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' Date modified: 2024-09-09 &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pnpi-qa.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, at question 32.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Decisions ==
The Refugee Protection Division rules provide that a Division member must render an oral decision and reasons for the decision at the hearing unless it is not practicable to do so: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 3-13 - Information and Documents to be Provided#RPD Rule 10 - Order of questioning in hearings, oral representations, oral decisions, limiting questioning]]. In practice, most positive decisions are provided orally and most negative decisions are reserved and provided at a later point in writing. Either way, following the hearing the parties will receive a written confirmation of the decision, along with a copy of the reasons for it in almost all cases: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 67-68 - Decisions#Section 169 of the IRPA specify circumstances in which written reasons must be provided, circumstances which do not include interlocutory decisions]].

It is typical for the decisions themselves to use language that implies some distance from the parties, for example referring to the refugee claimant as &quot;the claimant&quot; or &quot;the appellant&quot;, and not by name. 

== References ==
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      <text bytes="22615" sha1="gfa085akpmov2csyc5klcipf5chy2v3" xml:space="preserve">All refugee proceedings have ritual, ceremony, and behaviour that is considered to be proper decorum. A ritual is a frequently performed action conducted in a predetermined order. The ritualized activities during hearings help decision-makers uphold authority in the process and bring a sense of solemnity to the situation.&lt;ref&gt;Johannesson, L. The Symbolic Life of Courts: How Judicial Language, Actions, and Objects Legitimize Credibility Assessments of Asylum Appeals. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' '''24''' (Suppl 4), 791–809 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-022-00989-4, page 801.&lt;/ref&gt; Decorum is &quot;behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety.&quot; It can involved officially prescribed rites, ceremonial etiquette, and expected behaviour and gestures.&lt;ref&gt;Ben Laws, Self-generated asylum evidence: Scripting, staging and desperation in the assessment process, ''Journal of Refugee Studies'', 2024;, feae057, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feae057, page 12.&lt;/ref&gt; What is proper decorum in the context of refugee hearings at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada? 

== The Member should foster the appropriate climate for the hearing ==
Persons who are designated to act as Members represent Canada to claimants. They are seen to represent Canadian society and its core values.&lt;ref&gt;Gold, Marina. 2019. ‘Liminality and the Asylum Process in Switzerland’. Anthropology Today 35 (3): 16–19. &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.12506&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; They must therefore behave in such a way as to preclude any suggestion that Canada is not willing to accept refugees, even though it reserves the right to make sure that they are acting in good faith.&lt;ref&gt;''De Leon v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', [2000] F.C.J. No. 852 (F.C.T.D.) (QL), IMM-6251-98, Pelletier J., para. 20.&lt;/ref&gt; The following has been held to be applicable to Members of the IRB: the judge will ensure the climate necessary for the operation of justice by his moderation, his discipline and his courtesy in his relations with counsel, the parties and the witnesses.&lt;ref&gt;''Guermache v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2004 FC 870 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1j2dt#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2022-10-20.&lt;/ref&gt; Because the claimant is not &quot;on trial&quot; and is merely seeking recognition of the claimant’s status as a Convention refugee, the panel has to try to put the claimant at ease as much as possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The Member and IRB registry staff can be expected to treat the hearing participants with respect.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx&gt;, at section 4.&lt;/ref&gt; This also has implications for the conduct of parties, counsel, and witnesses; a panel should not allow any participant to use abusive or threatening language, for example.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Members are ultimately responsible for maintaining order within the hearing room and making sure their instructions are clearly understood by all parties.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Summary of Member Conduct Issue, Case No. 22-027, Date modified: 2024-09-06, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/member-conduct/Pages/case-22-027.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; It is the responsibility of the Member to control the proceeding and ensure fairness.&lt;ref&gt;''Shahlavi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2013 FC 749 (CanLII), at para 1, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/fzjd3#par1&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== The claimant should be received and introduced to the hearing room by a Board staff member ==
Claimants should be properly received at the beginning of the hearing. The IRB commissioned a report on its use of videoconference and the resultant report stated that &quot;From a justice system perspective, it seems to me wrong that claimants attending a hearing in which their future is to be decided by an adjudicator in what is effectively a judicial proceeding, should not be received in the hearing room at the outset by a real person with official status, who can address the claimants by name, confirm that they are in the right place, introduce them to the equipment, explain what to expect, and so on.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;S. Ronald Ellis, Q.C., ''Videoconferencing in Refugee Hearings'', Published by Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Date October 21, 2004 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/reviews-audit-evaluations/Pages/Video.aspx&gt; (Accessed January 26, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; That report, which is published on the Board's website, identifies this as an important  step in the creation of a receptive and comfortable hearing environment. There is also an aspect to which the order in which the participants arrive at the hearing signals hierarchy and status: the Member usually enters last, something that requires the other participants to wait for the decision-maker to arrive.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Johannesson, L. The Symbolic Life of Courts: How Judicial Language, Actions, and Objects Legitimize Credibility Assessments of Asylum Appeals. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' '''24''' (Suppl 4), 791–809 (2023). &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-022-00989-4&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 802.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Proceedings will be recorded ==
Audio of refugee proceedings before the Board will, as a matter of course, be recorded. Indeed, there is some legal risk where the Board does not record the hearing: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The Board is not obliged to record hearings, but a lack of such a recording may constitute grounds for setting aside the decision]]. International norms regarding refugee determination provides that states may record a refugee claimant's oral statements, but the claimant should be given due notice that this may be required.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, Introduction to Chapter V, written by Hofmann &amp; Löhr, at p. 1119 (para. 102).&lt;/ref&gt; Such notice is a common way to begin proceedings at the RPD, where the member will, as part of an introductory spiel, inform the claimant that they are now &quot;on the record&quot;.  

== Proceedings are a mix of formal and informal ==
Section 162(2) provides that each Division must deal with proceedings as informally and quickly as circumstances permit, taking into account the requirements of fairness and natural justice. This provision implies that the Division is not bound by formal rules of procedure that would apply in a court or more formal quasi-judicial tribunal.&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Canadian Immigration &amp; Refugee Law Practice'', Markham, Ont.: LexisNexis Butterworths, 2018, ISBN 9780433478928, ISSN 1912-0311, &lt;https://search.library.utoronto.ca/details?5022478&gt; (Accessed April 1, 2020) at page 201 of the PDF.&lt;/ref&gt; This accords with the recommendations of Rabbi Plaut, whose report led to the foundation of the Immigration and Refugee Board. In his report ''Refugee Determination in Canada'', he stated &quot;The atmosphere [of the refugee hearing] should be relaxed and informal and every effort should be made to put the claimant at ease&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 123.&lt;/ref&gt; The Member is not, properly speaking, a judge, and should not be referred to with the appellation &quot;your honour&quot;.  It is generally recommended that the Member be addressed as “Sir” or “Madam”,&lt;ref&gt;CLEO, Your Refugee Hearing Publication, 2024 &lt;http://refugeehearing.cleo.on.ca/on-the-day-of-your-hearing/&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; although the non-gendered “Member” followed by the person’s last name is also common. 

The Irwin Law text ''Refugee Law'' notes that &quot;despite the Board's own description of its hearing process as 'informal,' the reality for claimants is that it is decidedly formal.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Martin David Jones and Sasha Baglay. ''Refugee law (Second Edition)''. Irwin Law, 2017, page 297.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Law Reform Commission of Canada, in its report ''The Determination of Refugee Status in Canada: A Review of the Procedure'' states that &quot;Hearings are conducted...in a fairly formal atmosphere, in a quasi-judicial context which many claimants appeared to find intimidating. This formality flows from both the setting and the behaviour of the participants. The hearing room is laid out like a court room, with a raised desk and high-back chairs for Members. The style of proceedings is typical of that for a quasi-judicial tribunal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C., ''Rebuilding trust: A Report of the Review of Fundamental Justice in Information Gathering and Dissemination at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', Refugee Studies Centre, Publisher: Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, December 1993, page 73.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board has stated that panels have to ensure that a certain degree of decorum is maintained in the hearing room. It states that decorum is necessary (1) so that the claimant will appreciate that the panel is taking the process very seriously, and (2) so that the claimant and other witnesses will appreciate that the hearing is not a just casual interview, but rather is a serious &quot;judicial&quot; type of proceeding, at which every statement must be made as carefully and accurately as possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''CRDD Handbook'', Dated March 31, 1999, online &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20080331073416/https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hb01_e.htm&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;

In operation, a refugee hearing is not dissimilar to any other administrative hearing: the parties are present, witnesses are examined, and submissions are made.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Some of the expectations for conduct at such hearings follow:

=== Parties will wear attire appropriate for a formal hearing ===
The Board states that &quot;attire should be appropriate for a formal hearing and in keeping with the atmosphere of the hearing room.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Interpreter Handbook'', December 2012, Government of Canada, online: Immigration and Refugee Board &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/interpreters/Pages/Interpret.aspx&gt; (Accessed May 30, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the guide for designated representatives provides that &quot;In-person hearings are often held in a formal hearing room. Participants are expected to dress professionally.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx#toc354&gt; (Accessed August 3, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== What participants may bring to a hearing ===
As is stated on the decorum poster at the Toronto Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada office, &quot;please do not bring food or beverage into the hearing rooms.&quot; It goes on to also state &quot;use of camera and phones are not permitted&quot;.

=== The parties should stand whenever the Board Member enters or leaves the hearing room ===
The parties should stand whenever the Board Member enters or leaves the hearing room.&lt;ref&gt;University of Ottawa Refugee Assistance Project, ''UORAP Hearing Preparation Kit'', ''Guide 3: Preparing Evidence for your Hearing'' &lt;https://www.fcjrefugeecentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/hearing_preparation_kit.pdf[https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/hearing_preparation_kit.pdf f]&gt; (Accessed May 3, 2022), page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; As is stated on the decorum poster at the Toronto Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada office, &quot;please rise and remain standing when the Official enters or leaves the hearing room.&quot;

=== Witnesses will swear or affirm to tell the truth ===
A refugee claimant is required to appear and testify under oath.&lt;ref&gt;''Jaballah (Re),'' 2010 FC 224 (CanLII), [2011] 3 FCR 155, at para 97, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/28cx7#par97&gt;, retrieved on 2023-11-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence is typically presented in ''viva voce'' form at the hearing. Witnesses are sworn or affirmed and then questioned.&lt;ref&gt;Martin David Jones and Sasha Baglay. ''Refugee law (Second Edition)''. Irwin Law, 2017, page 302.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The panel will use accessible language to explain the procedure ===
Members will inform claimants in a detailed manner of the conduct of the proceedings at the beginning, including by discussing the order of questioning, explaining how to work with the interpreter, instructing witnesses to ask that questions be repeated if they do not understand. This helps claimants to know from the outset how the hearing will proceed and what to expect in the next few hours.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; The Member should put the issues in colloquial or plain language for the claimant, especially where the claimant is unrepresented by counsel or seems unsure of what is going on.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Principles about the manner in which the Board is to exercise its discretion]]. The fact that the Member turns to the claimant at the beginning of the hearing to explain what will unfold is something done with the ambition of making the asylum claimant feel comfortable. It is observed that by doing so, this this attempt to set the claimants at ease may reinforce the separation of the frequent participants and the asylum claimant, the “insiders” of the rituals from the “outsiders”, as only the outsiders require an explanation of the ritual activities.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; 

=== Witnesses will put away notes while testifying ===
It is expected that witnesses, including claimants, will not have notes, their BOC form, or other paperwork in front of them while testifying. Such an expectation has generally been held to be compatible with a fair procedure.&lt;ref&gt;''Wysozki v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness)'' (F.C., No. IMM-4958-19), Strickland, March 31, 2020; 2020 FC 458.&lt;/ref&gt; Claimants are expected to answer questions spontaneously, without having to refer to notes they may have taken before the hearing. The facts on which they testify are supposed to be within their personal knowledge. Claimants are thus not allowed to have notes or documents in front of them, in virtual or in-person hearings. This is important for the assessment of the credibility of their testimony.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Quality performance in the Refugee Protection Division 2022 to 2023'', 2024-12-02, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/reviews-audit-evaluations/Pages/rpd-qmi-2223.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Counsel will act honourably and consistently with their role and professional obligations ==
Counsel and independent designated representatives representing a party should adopt a professional and respectful approach.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide,'' Date modified: 2022-12-06 &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx&gt;, at 3.5.&lt;/ref&gt; As noted above, counsel should comply with their professional obligations, something which has implications for comportment and conduct during the hearing. The Board has stated that this would enjoin the use abusive or threatening language, for example.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, the Board's guidelines for proceedings before the IRB involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics provide that questioning should be done in a sensitive, non-confrontational manner. This would appear to apply equally to counsel for the claimant, Minister, and any other participant, as it would to the Member.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics,'' Revised: December 17, 2021, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir09.aspx#a73&gt; (Accessed January 30, 2024), at section 7.3 (&quot;Questioning an individual&quot;).&lt;/ref&gt;

While a lawyer shall seek to fearlessly advocate for their client, they must do so honourably, in compliance with the law, and in a manner that complies with their professional obligations.&lt;ref&gt;''Sachdeva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1522 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k71jm#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-01.&lt;/ref&gt; Lawyers are - among other things - officers of the courts and have a duty to promote the interests of the state and maintain the authority and dignity of the courts.&lt;ref&gt;See, for example, ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia,'' Law Society of British Columbia.&lt;/ref&gt; This arguably has implications for lawyers appearing before tribunals, not just courts. For example, the ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia'' of the Law Society of British Columbia provides that lawyers should take care not to weaken or destroy public confidence in legal institutions or authorities by irresponsible allegations. Lawyers have a right and, arguably, a duty to criticize tribunals in some circumstances but such criticism must be measured against the public’s reasonable expectations of the lawyer’s professionalism.&lt;ref&gt;Law Society of British Columbia, ''Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia,'' Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia (the BC Code), Annotations to Chapter 2 – Standards of the Legal Profession, Annotations to rule 2.1-2  To courts and tribunals, &lt;https://www.lawsociety.bc.ca/for-lawyers/act-rules-and-code/code-of-professional-conduct/annotations-to-chapter-2/&gt; (Accessed May 14, 2024).&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 14-16 - Counsel of Record#1) Incompetence]].  

This also has implications for the arguments that counsel advances. In ''Naqvi v. Canada'', the Refugee Appeal Division concluded that counsel had advanced &quot;callous arguments [that] attempt to normalize, justify, and condone domestic violence&quot; in a case about whether the appellant was excluded from the refugee regime by reason of his past domestic violence, and it labelled such arguments both &quot;concerning and inappropriate&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Naqvi v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship),'' 2024 FC 144 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2h2k#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-30.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Awonuga v. Canada,'' the court commented that caution should be exercised by parties and decision-makers alike to avoid casting a broad, disparaging light on countries in the global south by suggesting that their peoples and institutions somehow lack the competence to produce documents in a professional manner.&lt;ref&gt;''Awonuga v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 27 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/k23w1#par20&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Counsel's role is to exercise judgement regarding a file and not to advance any argument that their client requests. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 14-16 - Counsel of Record#Counsel's role is to exercise judgement regarding a file and not to advance any argument that their client requests]].

== Parties will note when they are submitting content with &quot;graphic content&quot; ==
Graphic content, also known as sensitive materials, includes but is not limited to documents, material, pictures, and videos that feature violence, serious injuries, or sexually explicit acts. Graphic content may sometimes be relevant to a refugee claim. However, exposure to graphic content can have a negative impact on viewers, readers, and listeners, including on the registry staff processing files, particularly when it is unexpected.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Refugee Protection Division: Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' Date modified: 2024-09-09, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pn-procedural-issues.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, at 5.3 (information bubble definition 'graphic content').&lt;/ref&gt;

The Refugee Protection Division asks that a warning that such graphic content has been provided:&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;u&gt;Submitting documents with graphic content&lt;/u&gt;

When filing evidence containing graphic content, such as pictures or videos that show violence, serious injuries, or sexually explicit acts, the party must clearly identify it by labelling it with “Notice: Graphic Content”.

The notice must be prominently displayed so that it will be seen before the recipient views the graphic content. For example, appropriate places to identify graphic content include the cover page of your document package, email subject line, and/or a table of contents.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Quick Guide to the Refugee Protection Division Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' September 9​, 2024, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pnpi-guide.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The Board states that the purpose of this procedure is to protect the health and safety of &lt;abbr&gt;IRB&lt;/abbr&gt; staff and not to limit relevant evidence that a party wishes to submit.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Questions and answers: Practice Notice on Procedural Issues,'' Date modified: 2024-09-09 &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/procedures/Pages/rpd-pnpi-qa.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, at question 32.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Decisions ==
The Refugee Protection Division rules provide that a Division member must render an oral decision and reasons for the decision at the hearing unless it is not practicable to do so: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 3-13 - Information and Documents to be Provided#RPD Rule 10 - Order of questioning in hearings, oral representations, oral decisions, limiting questioning]]. In practice, most positive decisions are provided orally and most negative decisions are reserved and provided at a later point in writing. Either way, following the hearing the parties will receive a written confirmation of the decision, along with a copy of the reasons for it in almost all cases: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 67-68 - Decisions#Section 169 of the IRPA specify circumstances in which written reasons must be provided, circumstances which do not include interlocutory decisions]].

It is typical for the decisions themselves to use language that implies some distance from the parties, for example referring to the refugee claimant as &quot;the claimant&quot; or &quot;the appellant&quot;, and not by name. 

== References ==
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    <title>Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate</title>
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      <text bytes="83733" sha1="p8096x7apdij40d7dyh183zv2eghitr" xml:space="preserve">Refugee Status Determination is said to be among the most difficult forms of adjudication, involving as it does fact-finding in regard to foreign conditions, cross-cultural and interpreted examination of witnesses, ever-present evidentiary voids, and a duty to prognosticate potential risks rather than simply to declare the more plausible account of past events.&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C., ''Rebuilding trust: a report of the Review of Fundamental Justice in Information Gathering and Dissemination at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', Refugee Studies Centre, Publisher: Osgoode Hall Law School, 01/12/1993 &lt;http://repository.forcedmigration.org/show_metadata.jsp?pid=fmo:1136&gt; (Accessed April 14, 2020), page 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Within this context, RPD Members have to make high-stakes decisions on the basis of scarce and uncertain information, they need to strike a balance between the goals of protection and control, and Canadian refugee law is ambiguous and provides limited guidance, with credibility often being a key point in any given case.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Tone Maia Liodden, ''Who Is a Refugee? Uncertainty and Discretion in Asylum Decisions,'' International Journal of Refugee Law, Advance Article, 29 April 2021 &lt;https://doi-org.peacepalace.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeab003&gt; (Accessed May 1, 2021). &lt;/ref&gt; The process for Refugee Status Determination adopted in Canada that seeks to address these challenges is one where the Board has an inquisitorial mandate. The following are some of the contours of that mandate. 

== The Refugee Protection Division has an inquisitorial mandate ==

The Board generally uses an inquisitorial, as opposed to adversarial, approach to decision-making. Rebecca Hamlin describes the contrast between these two decision-making approaches this way:&lt;blockquote&gt;The adversarial style takes the shape of a triad: two disputants arguing their respective cases before a passive judge, who must resolve the dispute by deciding which case is more persuasive. In an adversarial process, justice is based on the premise that an impartial judge decides between competing versions of this story after hearing both sides argued forcefully. Unlike this courtroom-like setting, inquisitorial hearings are designed to be non-adversarial and non-legalistic, taking the form of a dyad between the person whose fate is to be decided and the person deciding it. The inquisitorial decision-maker is engaged in a conversation with the parties, and the facts must be discovered through a collaborative process of research and questioning. Justice is demonstrated through the decision-maker's commitment to an active investigatory process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia. By Hamlin, Rebecca. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014, p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The Refugee Protection Division has an inquisitorial mandate. The Board's ''Chairperson Guideline 7'' describes a Member's inquisitorial mandate this way:&lt;blockquote&gt;A member's role is different from the role of a judge. A judge's primary role is to consider the evidence and arguments that the opposing parties choose to present; it is not to tell parties how to present their cases. Case law has clearly established that the RPD has control of its own procedures. The RPD decides and gives directions as to how a hearing is to proceed. The members have to be actively involved to make the RPD's inquiry process work properly.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson Guidelines 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division'', Amended December 15, 2012 &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir07.aspx#FailureA4&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed January 26, 2020), section 2.2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The Board states that the decision-maker is mandated to play an engaged role in the process.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''CRDD Handbook'', Dated March 31, 1999, online &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20080331073416/https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hb01_e.htm&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; This inquisitorial mandate has implications for how a Member is to assess the claim; it implies that the Board “has a duty to consider all potential grounds for a refugee claim that arise on the evidence, even when they are not raised by the applicant”.&lt;ref&gt;''Viafara v. Canada (MCI)'', 2006 FC 1526, at para. 6; ''Gutierrez v. Canada (MCI)'', 2011 FC 1055, at para. 35.&lt;/ref&gt; Such inquisitorial processes are commonly utilized in human rights adjudicatory contexts in order to compensate for inequalities between parties.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;Alain Pellet, Judicial Settlement of International Disputes, ''Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law'', July 2013, &lt;https://prawo.uni.wroc.pl/sites/default/files/students-resources/law-9780199231690-e54-1.pdf&gt; (Accessed September 30, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; As recognized by the Supreme Court of Canada in ''Canada v Ward'', it is the duty of the examiner to determine whether the Convention refugee definition is met.&lt;ref&gt;''Al-Lamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1621, para. 23.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Refugee Status Determination is declaratory, not constitutive ==
Recognizing someone as a refugee does not make the person a refugee. This is because refugee status determination is a declaratory, not constitutive act.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR, Note on Determination of Refugee Status under International Instruments EC/SCP/5 (UNHCR, 24 August 1977).&lt;/ref&gt; As refugee lawyer David Matas writes, “a declaratory act recognizes someone to be what he is or always was. A constitutive act makes a person something he was not before. An asylum government cannot constitute someone to be a refugee, because he already is one.”&lt;ref&gt;David Matas with Ilana Simon, ''Closing the Doors: The Failure of Refugee Protection'', Summerhill Press Ltd., Toronto, 1989, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 0-920197-81-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;, page 196.&lt;/ref&gt; As the refugee law academic James Hathaway puts it, refugee status arises out of the refugee's predicament, rather than from a formal determination of status.&lt;ref&gt;JC Hathaway, ''The rights of refugees under international law'' (2005), Cambridge University Press, page 278.&lt;/ref&gt; In the words of the UK Supreme Court, &quot;the obligation not to refoule an individual arises by virtue of the fact that their circumstances meet the definition of ‘refugee’, not by reason of the recognition by a contracting state that the definition is met.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''G. v. G.'', [2021] UKSC 9, [2022] A.C. 544, at para. 81, as cited in ''Mason v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 SCC 21 (CanLII), at para 114, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0c85#par114&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-27.&lt;/ref&gt; 

When determining refugee status, the Immigration and Refugee Board is not given a discretion but must make a judicial type decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration),'' Judgment: October 8, 1993, Action No. IMM-888-93, 44 A.C.W.S. (3d) 767, [1993] A.C.F. no 1034, para. 10.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, a decision-maker errs when they fail to recognize a genuine refugee as such, and a decision-maker also errs when they do the converse by wrongly recognizing someone who is not a refugee as such. While, in principle, a state may grant asylum to anyone that it may so choose, regardless of whether or not they meet the criteria enshrined in the Refugee Convention, or any other international treaty,&lt;ref&gt;Roman Boed, ''The State of the Right of Aslyum in International Law'', Duke Journal of Comparative &amp; International Law, 5, 1-34 (1994), &lt;https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1342&amp;context=djcil&gt;, page 4.&lt;/ref&gt; such a wide-ranging power has not been delegated to Immigration and Refugee Board Members, who are restricted to recognizing cases where the applicable criteria in either s. 96 or s. 97 of the IRPA have been met. This principle is reflected in section 107 of the Act: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/107 - Decision on Claim for Refugee Protection#IRPA Section 107: Decision on Claim for Refugee Protection]]. Once the Board has concluded that a claimant does not satisfy the definition of a refugee, the Board had no general discretion to allow the claimant to remain in Canada on “equitable” grounds.&lt;ref&gt;''Nazifpour v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) (F.C.A.),'' 2007 FCA 35 (CanLII), [2007] 4 FCR 515, at para 42, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1qg9c#par42&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-24.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, this is consistent with the terms of the Refugee Convention itself and UNHCR's guidance thereon, for example its statements that the exclusion provision in the convention is mandatory and must be applied scrupulously.&lt;ref&gt;Colin Grey, Cosmopolitan Pariahs: The Moral Rationale for Exclusion under Article 1F, ''International Journal of Refugee Law'', 2024, eeae025, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eeae025, at page 18.&lt;/ref&gt;

This modern conception of the refugee regime stands in contrast to pre-20th century views of asylum, where diplomatic and territorial asylum were considered to be constitutive acts such that it was the decision that made the person asking for asylum an asylee.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, ''Regional Developments: Americas'', written by Piovesan and Jubilut, at p. 213 (para. 29).&lt;/ref&gt; This move away from a constitutive view of asylum to a declaratory one reflects the emergence of a rights-based view of the institution of asylum and refugee status. In Canada, this takes the form of the concrete legal obligation on the Canadian state to recognize as refugees those who meet the criteria in ss. 96 and 97 of the IRPA. Recognition of such is not a discretionary charitable act by Canada, but instead a personal right that individuals have pursuant to the IRPA, and, as recognized by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the Refugee Convention. In their words in their decision in ''Pacheco Tineo v. Bolivia:''&lt;blockquote&gt;

Even if the 1951 Convention does not explicitly establish the right to asylum as a right, it is considered to be implicitly incorporated into its text, which mentions the definition of a refugee, the protection against the principle of ''non-refoulement'', and a list of rights to which refugees have access.... With the protection provided by the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, the institution of asylum assumed a specific form and mechanism at the global level: that of refugee status.&lt;ref&gt;''Pacheco Tineo v. Bolivia,'' Ser. C No. 272 (IACtHR, Nov. 25, 2013), at 139.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Shauna Labman writes about the significance of this conception of asylum:&lt;blockquote&gt;The benefit of a rights-based stance in law is that it adds a concrete assertion of legal obligation and accountability to refugee protection. It is equality between the parties. Stuart Scheingold defines this as &quot;the call of the law.&quot; He suggests that the assertion of a right implies a legitimate and dignified reciprocal relationship that is societal and not personal. The current alternative calls in refugee protection are for compassion, humanitarianism, and morality. Such claims lack reciprocity and are founded on personal need. As Catherine Dauvergne explains, &quot;a claim for compassion does not effectively function as a right because rights are grounded in equality but compassion is grounded in generosity and inequality.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Shauna Labman, ''Crossing Law’s Border: Canada’s Refugee Resettlement Program,'' 2019, UBC Press: Vancouver, page 117.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;All this said, the assertion that refugee status determination procedures are declaratory and not constitutive, and its implicit representation of ‘refugeehood’ as an objective identity given by law, appears to be tendentious. It is belied by the large variations in the way different individuals and systems answer the question of &quot;who is a refugee?&quot;, even where they are all interpreting the same Convention provisions, evidence, and laws. That said, in the words of Tone Liodden, &quot;the idea of the refugee as a non-negotiable identity across time and space may largely be fictional, but [it] is a ‘crucial fiction’ that has very real consequences for those who are granted – or denied – refugee status.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; For more on this point, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Decision-making should be predictable and consistent across the Board]].

== A hearing becomes adversarial where the Minister is involved ==
While the Division's mandate is primarily conceived of as inquisitorial and non-adversarial,&lt;ref&gt;''Benitez v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2006 FC 461 (CanLII), [2007] 1 FCR 107, par. 62, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1n3nx#par62&gt;, retrieved on 2021-07-17.&lt;/ref&gt; in some cases the Minister intervenes in a claim and the process becomes an adversarial one. As the Board states, &quot;adversarial simply means that there are two opposing parties.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Designated representative guide'', Date modified: 2022-12-06, &lt;https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/designated-representant/Pages/designated-representative-guide.aspx&gt;, at 3.4.&lt;/ref&gt; This properly constrains the Member's role. Madam Justice Tremblay-Lamer observed in ''Rivas v. Canada'' that in some situations, such as where exclusion is at issue, “it may be problematic for the tribunal to proceed without the Minister since the Minister usually has the burden of proof. As the applicant argues, it is a situation that can force the member to [translation] ‘descend into the arena’.”&lt;ref&gt;''Reyes Rivas v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2007 FC 317 (CanLII), para. 39.&lt;/ref&gt; As Lorne Waldman states in his looseleaf: “… Since the burden of proof falls squarely on the Minister, it is certainly arguable that it is not appropriate for tribunal members themselves to engage in an investigation with respect to the exclusion matters. For the tribunal members to do so would result in their becoming prosecutors seeking to establish if the claimant falls within the exclusion clauses.”&lt;ref&gt;Immigration Law and Practice, Vol. 1, looseleaf (Markham, Ont.: Butterworths, 1992), at paragraph 8.511.&lt;/ref&gt;  

Despite all of this, the jurisprudence recognizes that the Board may make a decision on the issue of exclusion without the Minister’s participation,&lt;ref&gt;''Reyes Rivas v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2007 FC 317 (CanLII), para. 40.&lt;/ref&gt; and indeed that it may have an obligation to do so even where the Minister does not participate in a case. Furthermore, the RAD may consider issues of exclusion even where they are not raised in an appellant's appeal memorandum.&lt;ref&gt;''Milfort-Laguere v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1361 (CanLII), at para 26.&lt;/ref&gt; But once the Minister becomes involved, the hearing is seen to become an adversarial process, with both the Minister’s Hearings Officer and the refugee claimant presenting evidence to establish or rebut, say, the allegation of exclusion.&lt;ref&gt;Jennifer Bond, Nathan Benson, Jared Porter, ''Guilt by Association: Ezokola’s Unfinished Business in Canadian Refugee Law'', Refugee Survey Quarterly, hdz019, https://doi-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/10.1093/rsq/hdz019, footnote 35.&lt;/ref&gt; This may entail some limits on the Member's proper role, and this relates to the requirement in the RPD Rules that the hearing be suspended immediately upon notification to the Minister of possible exclusion (which see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 26-28 - Exclusion, Integrity Issues, Inadmissibility and Ineligibility]]). 

A situation can arise where the Minister concedes a point or makes a recommendation in the claimant's favour; this does not bind the Division and does not relieve a claimant from their obligation to make their case: ''Fong v Canada''.&lt;ref&gt;''Fong v Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness)'', 2010 FC 1134 at para 31.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, while a joint submission is not binding on the Division, the caselaw establishes that it should be given serious consideration: ''Nguyen v Canada''.&lt;ref&gt;''Nguyen v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2000 CanLII 16488 (FC) at para 14.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to an independent decision-maker#Members are not bound where the Minister concedes a point]].

While the Minister has no obligation to become a party to a proceeding, once it does so and provides disclosure, its disclosure must be &quot;complete&quot; and cannot be selective: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 31-43 - Documents#What documents does a party need to provide when?]].

== A Member should be adequately trained ==
A decision-maker should be adequately trained on issues of law and fact. The Board states that Members should have a thorough knowledge of the legal framework and a good command of the relevant provisions of the legislation, rules, principles of natural justice, and the case law, etc., in order to make the proper decision and to maintain the credibility and the authoritativeness of the panel.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;

While the training of Members of the Refugee Protection Division has generally been well regarded, in contrast, this has not always been seen to be the case with overseas visa officers deciding applications for resettlement from abroad. For example, in ''Ghirmatsion v. Canada'', the Federal Court concluded that the visa officer's &quot;lack of adequate training and support&quot; were evident on cross-examination.&lt;ref&gt;''Ghirmatsion v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2011 FC 773, para. 4.&lt;/ref&gt; 

There are also limits to the training and competency properly expected of a Member. In ''Ramirez v. Canada'', the claimant argued on judicial review that the Board Member should have considered whether counselling in the proposed IFA location would be likely to adequately address the applicant’s mental health issues; the court rejected this argument, concluding that &quot;such an analysis would have been speculative and well beyond the RAD’s expertise.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;''Vilchis Ramirez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 265.&lt;/ref&gt; This principle is also reflected in the additional services available to Members, for example the statement in the ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Protection Division Proceedings'' that where, after consulting with the responsible member manager, the assigned member forms the opinion that forensic verification is necessary, they may direct the RPD adjudicative support team to send the document to the RCMP Forensic Laboratory Services for verification.&lt;ref&gt;''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Protection Division Proceedings,'' Instructions issued by the Chairperson pursuant to section 159(1)(a) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'', amended December, 2012 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstructInfo.aspx&gt; (Accessed November 28, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt; 

== A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee ==
The Federal Court affirms that the burden of proof rests on a claimant to show that they meet the definition of a Convention Refugee or a 'person in need of protection' in the Act.&lt;ref&gt;''Lugunda v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2005 FC 467 (CanLII), par. 17, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/1k43l#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2020-04-15.&lt;/ref&gt; The Irwin Law text ''Refugee Law'' notes that this burden flows from the general proposition in international law that an individual seeking admission to a state must justify their admission.&lt;ref&gt;Lassa Oppenheim, ''Oppenheim's International Law'', 7th ed by Hersch Lauterpacht (London: Longmans Green, 1952) at 616, as cited in Martin David Jones and Sasha Baglay. ''Refugee Law (Second Edition)''. Irwin Law, 2017, page 144.&lt;/ref&gt; The UNHCR is of the view that this principle properly applies in the refugee context, stating that &quot;the burden of proof in principle rests on the applicant&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The burden of proof was previously allocated differently in Canadian refugee law, but in 1988 Canada's legislature modified the immigration legislation to shift the burden of proof for making a claim onto the asylum seeker.&lt;ref&gt;Hamlin, Rebecca. ''Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Print. Page 49.&lt;/ref&gt;

The Federal Court holds that the onus is on the applicant to submit a clear, detailed, and complete application.&lt;ref&gt;''Hussain v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2022 FC 1412 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsgr3#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The UNHCR Handbook provides that those examining a refugee claim should &quot;ensure that the applicant presents his case as fully as possible and with all available evidence.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ''Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status and Guidelines on International Protection Under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees'', April 2019, HCR/1P/4/ENG/REV. 4, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/5cb474b27.html [accessed 26 January 2020], page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; This does not mean that the Board member is obliged to undertake a freestanding inquiry into a claim; the Refugee Appeal Division has held that the following principles apply in the refugee determination context: &quot;a decision-maker [is] entitled to proper notice as to what exactly [is] being advanced. It is not up to the decision-maker to ferret out points which might possibly assist an applicant.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2016 CanLII 107938 (CA IRB), para. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, Member Railton of the Refugee Protection Division has noted that &quot;The role of the Division hearing an application to re-open does not include a fact-finding mission on behalf of the applicants&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2013 CanLII 97437 (CA IRB), par. 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ggdpl#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt; One of the reasons for this is about judicial economy; indeed, it is said that &quot;states have a right to a fair and efficient asylum procedure&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Uçaryılmaz, Talya. (2020). ''The Principle of Good Faith in Public International Law (El principio de buena fe en el Derecho internacional público)''. Estudios de Deusto. 68.43.10.18543/ed-68(1)-2020pp43-59 &lt;https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7483935&gt; (Accessed July 25, 2020), page 14 of the article.&lt;/ref&gt;

In the Canadian system there also exist legal issues where the burden of proof does not fall on the claimant: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A panel has a duty to enquire into matters where the onus for adducing evidence falls onto the Board]].

Furthermore, even where the burden of proof rests on the claimant, the Board cannot base some findings, for example that there is an internal flight alternative, in the absence of sufficient evidence, solely on the basis that the claimant has not fulfilled the onus of proof.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;''Chauhdry, Mukhtar Ahmed v. M.C.I.'' (F.C.T.D., no. IMM-3951-97), Wetston, August 17, 1998.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#There is a shared duty of fact-finding in refugee matters]]. 

== A panel has a duty to consider all potential grounds for a refugee claim that arise on the evidence and relevant law ==
Even though the burden of proof rests on a claimant to show that they meet the requirements to be accorded protection, this does not mean that they are obliged to frame their case using the terminology of refugee law or by citing particular cases or statutory provisions.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1020 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5jvb#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-09.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board “has a duty to consider all potential grounds for a refugee claim that arise on the evidence, even when they are not raised by the applicant”.&lt;ref&gt;''Viafara v. Canada (MCI)'', 2006 FC 1526, at para. 6; ''Gutierrez v. Canada (MCI)'', 2011 FC 1055, at para. 35.&lt;/ref&gt; Cases should be decided based on all of the law that binds the Board, not just the law that the parties happen to put in front of a panel.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1020 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5jvb#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-09, citing ''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) et al. v. The Canadian Council for Refugees et al.,'' 2021 FCA 72, para. 125 (overturned on appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, but not on this point).&lt;/ref&gt; This principle is reflected in the UNHCR Handbook, which provides that it is not the duty of a claimant to identify the reasons for their persecution:&lt;blockquote&gt;Often the applicant himself may not be aware of the reasons for the persecution feared. It is not, however, his duty to analyze his case to such an extent as to identify the reasons in detail. It is for the examiner, when investigating the facts of the case, to ascertain the reason or reasons for the persecution feared and to decide whether the definition in the 1951 Convention is met with in this respect.&lt;ref&gt;UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ''Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status and Guidelines on International Protection Under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees'', April 2019, HCR/1P/4/ENG/REV. 4, available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/5cb474b27.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 29 February 2024], paragraphs 66-67, at page 23.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Where evidence is provided, the Division then needs to analyze how this evidence applies to an applicant’s future risks, from a realistic and real-world perspective.&lt;ref&gt;''Egwuekwe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1533 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k74ql#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-04.&lt;/ref&gt; 

See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Decisions must follow the law]] and [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 22 - Specialized Knowledge#IRPA s. 170: The Division may take notice of any facts that may be judicially noticed]].

Based on this principle, evidence of political activities in Canada should be considered by the panel whether or not the claimant specifically raises a ''sur place'' claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Moradi, Ahmad v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'' (F.C.T.D., no. IMM-2317-97), 1998 CanLII 8507, MacKay, September 23, 1998.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, if the evidence suggests a risk of gender-based persecution, the member must assess this risk, even if it is not explicitly alleged.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​Amended: October 31, 2023, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir04.aspx&gt; (Accessed November 2, 2023), at 11.2.6.&lt;/ref&gt; In every case in which the RPD concludes that a claimant has suffered past persecution, but there has been a change of country conditions, the Board is obligated under s. 108(4) to consider whether the evidence presented establishes that there are &quot;compelling reasons&quot; as contemplated by that subsection.&lt;ref&gt;''Jalloh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 948 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz5nz#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt; This obligation arises whether or not the claimant expressly invokes this subsection: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 64 - Applications to Vacate or to Cease Refugee Protection#The Board must consider &quot;compelling reasons&quot; under s. 108(4) when determining whether an individual qualifies as a refugee]].

This obligation can have implications for the Board's duty to inquire into a claim; in ''Eke v. Canada'', the court commented that &quot;as no questions were asked about the potential motives for the attacks, [the RAD] did not have sufficient evidence through the RPD's interrogatories to properly assess the issues on its own.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Eke c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration),'' 2024 CF 179 (CanLII), au para 14, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2mw3#par14&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, consulté le 2024-03-08.&lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#To what extent does a panel of the Division have a duty to inquire into the claim?]].

== The Member's power to conduct research and find facts ==
As a starting point, the Divisions of the Board are creatures of statute, “and as such, [a Division] has no powers, rights and duties save those bestowed on it by the Act”.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The Refugee Protection Division, the Refugee Appeal Division, and the Immigration Division, and each member of those Divisions have the powers and authority of a commissioner appointed under Part I of the Inquiries Act and may do any other thing they consider necessary to provide a full and proper hearing. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/165 - Powers of a Member]] and [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/170 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 170(a) - May inquire into any matter that it considers relevant to establishing whether a claim is well-founded]]. 

The RPD and RAD may also convene conferences and may require the parties to give any information or provide any document, at or before the conference: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 24 - Conferences]]. 

A panel of the Board may consider judicial notice, specialized knowledge, generally recognized facts, and other sources of knowledge: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 22 - Specialized Knowledge]]. 

Panels are also entitled to rely on &quot;common sense&quot;. Common sense necessarily involves importing considerations arising not from the evidence itself but from a decision maker's accumulated life experience.&lt;ref&gt;''R. v. Kruk,'' 2024 SCC 7 (CanLII), at para 76, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k39g6#par76&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-14.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, common sense is far from a catch-all phrase that licenses any form of reasoning.&lt;ref&gt;''R. v. Kruk,'' 2024 SCC 7 (CanLII), at para 99, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k39g6#par99&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-14.&lt;/ref&gt; While the Board has jurisdiction to determine the plausibility of an applicant’s testimony, there are legal standards for when such determinations can be made.&lt;ref&gt;''Jin v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2012 FC 595 at para 10.&lt;/ref&gt;

When a member determines that it is necessary to consult social media in the adjudication of a proceeding, the Division must channel this type of research through the Board's Research Directorate in accordance with the ''Procedures for Requesting Research on Individuals Using Social Media Sources''.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on the use of social media by authorized individuals at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', Amended: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolSocMedia.aspx&gt;, at 6.3.&lt;/ref&gt;

In any research it conducts, the RPD is to follow the ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Protection Division Proceedings.''&lt;ref name=&quot;:022&quot;&gt;''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Protection Division Proceedings,'' Instructions issued by the Chairperson pursuant to section 159(1)(a) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'', amended December, 2012 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstructInfo.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The Instructions note that while RPD members are responsible for identifying information needed for the adjudication of a claim and may gather information, the Research Directorate is primarily responsible for gathering information. The Instructions set out general principles related to the gathering and disclosing of information, as well as specific instructions.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2015 CanLII 39898 (CA IRB), par. 143, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/gk23z#par143&gt;, retrieved on 2020-08-16.&lt;/ref&gt; These principles apply to how to Division has committed to collecting information regarding a claim, including that:&lt;blockquote&gt;1. Responsibility to present supporting evidence rests with the parties. This responsibility remains even when the RPD decides to obtain information other than that provided by the parties.

2. To ensure a fair determination of a refugee claim, the assigned member requires all the relevant evidence whether such evidence may be favourable or prejudicial to any party.

3. The RPD will gather information through a transparent and standard process to ensure fairness in decision-making.

4. The assigned members will request claimant specific information and use such information only where they complete a risk assessment and are satisfied that there is no serious possibility that gathering the information would endanger the life, liberty or security of the claimant or any other person.

...

6. The information will be sought by the RPD only in instances where the information is deemed relevant to a determinative issue in the claim, can be obtained in a timely manner, and is likely to result in obtaining new or conclusive information. ...&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Protection Division Proceedings,'' Instructions issued by the Chairperson pursuant to section 159(1)(a) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'', amended December, 2012 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstructInfo.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;There is a similar document for the RAD: ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings.''&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'', Effective: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstRadSpr0516.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section D.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD must proceed without a hearing on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, subject to listed exceptions, but this provision does not restrict the RAD from posing questions or introducing new evidence]].

== The Member has wide latitude to question claimants in an inquisitorial process ==

The text ''Judicial Review of Administrative Action in Canada'' provides that particular latitude will be given to tribunals to question where the matter is not adversarial, as with most refugee proceedings:&lt;blockquote&gt;Extensive and &quot;energetic&quot; questioning alone by tribunal members will not in itself give rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias. And particular latitude is likely to be given to tribunals operating in a non-adversarial setting, such as refugee determination hearings, where there is no one appearing to oppose the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Judicial Review of Administrative Action in Canada'' (Brown and Evans, Toronto : Canvasback Publishing, 1998) at pages 11-31 and 11-32.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The nature of the mandate that decision-makers have in inquisitorial RSD processes is summarized by Rebecca Hamlin as follows:&lt;blockquote&gt;The inquisitorial form requires much more active decision makers. Instead of placing the responsibility for the collection of evidence and the presentation of arguments on the disputing parties themselves, the inquisitorial process combines the role of investigator and decision-maker into one. RSD is inquisitorial if the asylum seeker goes before a decision maker who both researches and decides the claim.&lt;ref&gt;Let Me Be a Refugee: Administrative Justice and the Politics of Asylum in the United States, Canada, and Australia. By Hamlin, Rebecca. New York: Oxford University Press,  2014, p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;That said, there are limits on appropriate questioning. For example: 

* A Member may not approach questioning with a discriminatory or hostile attitude: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to an unbiased decision-maker#The tone and tenor of the decision-maker’s involvement in the hearing]].
* A refugee claim is not a memory test and an applicant's failure to recall dates may not appropriately be the foundation of a credibility finding.&lt;ref&gt;''Sheikh v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2000 CanLII 15200 (FC), at para. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; This principle would seem to have implications for the type of questions rightly asked by a panel. Discrepancies resulting from a failure to recall details that appear to resemble a “trivia quiz,” should not be a basis for undermining credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Rani v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 880 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k56dv#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-29.&lt;/ref&gt;
* A decision maker must be scrupulous about not trenching on privileged matters.&lt;ref&gt;''Anulur v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1070 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgzs#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/170 - Proceedings#The Division must refuse to admit evidence where admitting it would violate a substantive rule of law such as solicitor-client privilege]]. 
* A decision maker must approach the case with an open mind: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to an impartial decision-maker#Impartiality]]. 

== Evidence is primarily presented in written form in the Canadian process ==
The starting point in a claimant's process before the Immigration and Refugee Board is that they complete a Basis of Claim form. This document is to include &quot;everything important for [their] claim&quot;, as stated on the form - [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 3-13 - Information and Documents to be Provided#Requirement that the information provided be complete, true and correct]]. In some cases, a claim will be accepted based on the contents of that form: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 23 - Allowing a Claim Without a Hearing]]. In a majority of cases, a hearing will be scheduled. 

A hearing is an opportunity for a claimant to complete their evidence and not to introduce new and important facts to their story.&lt;ref&gt;''Navaratnam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2011 FC 856 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/fmcdg#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-23.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the purpose of an oral hearing before the Refugee Protection Division is not for a claimant to repeat everything that is in their Basis of Claim form. As per the ''Chairperson Guidelines 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division,'' &quot;questions that are answered by the claimant just repeating what is written in the BOC Form do not help the Member.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson Guidelines 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division'', Amended December 15, 2012 &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir07.aspx#FailureA4&gt; (Accessed January 26, 2020), section 5.7.&lt;/ref&gt; Instead, if the information on the form reliably establishes that the claimant meets the criteria to receive protection, then an oral hearing need not be held ([[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 23 - Allowing a Claim Without a Hearing]]). The purpose of an oral hearing is to test and explore the evidence presented, or lack thereof, where it is necessary to do so. This is in contrast to the practice in some other jurisdictions; for example, in Finland the practice is to have a portion of their asylum interviews in which the claimant is expected to state the grounds for claiming asylum and disclose evidence to support that claim through free narration.&lt;ref&gt;Eeva Puumala, Riitta Ylikomi &amp; Hanna-Leena Ristimäki, ''Giving an account of persecution: The dynamic formation of asylum narratives'', Journal of Refugee Studies 31(2), pp. 197-215 (2018) &lt;[https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/61879698/Refugee_Studies_Puumala__Ylikomi_and_Ristimaki_accepted_version.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DGiving_an_account_of_persecution_The_Dyn.pdf&amp;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20200211%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Date=20200211T055113Z&amp;X-Amz-Expires=3600&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;X-Amz-Signature=878633bdefe48a2e211f43459a4fadc9498bc441b43a2952d9dda847c62cee65 https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/61879698/Refugee_Studies_Puumala__Ylikomi_and_Ristimaki_accepted_version.pdf]&gt; (Accessed February 10, 2020), at page 7.&lt;/ref&gt;

The priority given to a written statement in the Canadian refugee claim narrative process may be seen to be trauma-informed. Studies focusing on memory and narrative in the context of refugee claims find that individuals who have experienced repeated and ongoing traumatic events are unlikely to recall and recite these events in a linear, detailed, and chronological fashion that is immediately coherent to IRB members.&lt;ref&gt;Alex Verman and Sean Rehaag, ''Transgender Erasure: Barriers Facing Transgender Refugees in Canada,'' (2024) 69:1 McGill LJ 49 — (2024) 69:1 RD McGill 49, &lt;https://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/article/transgender-erasure-barriers-facing-transgender-refugees-in-canada/&gt;, page 27.&lt;/ref&gt; Allowing individuals to prepare such a statement in writing, usually with the assistance of their own counsel, may help. See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Hearings should be conducted in a trauma-informed manner]].

Finally, while claimants must have a fair opportunity to respond to a panel's concerns, it is also not always necessary for a panel to confront a party regarding deficiencies in their evidence. For example, in ''Ati v. Canada'' the court concluded that it was proper for the RPD to have concluded that a party did not meet their onus as a result of a lack of evidence, and that it was procedurally fair for the RPD to have done so even where the panel did not ask why such evidence was not presented.&lt;ref&gt;Ati v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2022 FC 1626 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt97p#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-29&lt;/ref&gt; For more on this issue, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Claimants should have a fair opportunity to respond to a panel's concerns]].

== There is a shared duty of fact-finding in refugee matters ==
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees states in their handbook that there is a shared duty of fact-finding between a claimant and the examiner: &quot;In most cases a person fleeing from persecution will have arrived with the barest necessities and very frequently even without personal documents. Thus, while the burden of proof in principle rests on the applicant, the duty to ascertain and evaluate all the relevant facts is shared between the applicant and the examiner.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, ''Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status'' 47 (1992).&lt;/ref&gt; This duty applies to the RPD but also to the RAD in the context of an appeal on a correctness standard of review.&lt;ref&gt;''Al-Lamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1621, para. 23.&lt;/ref&gt; States must consider persons exercising their right to asylum honestly and with due diligence so as to not violate their obligation of non-refoulement.&lt;ref&gt;Kipras Adomaitis, ''The Right to Liberty in the Context of Migration'', Masters Thesis, Mykolas Romeris Law School, &lt;https://vb.mruni.eu/object/elaba:64888610/64888610.pdf&gt; (Accessed July 19, 2020), page 21.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Canada must perform its international legal obligations with respect to refugees in good faith]].

=== National Documentation Packages ===
One of the ways that this principle is implemented in practice is through packages of information that states compile on the countries of origin against which claimants are filing claims. It is an international norm that states ensure that precise and up-to-date information from various sources, such as the UNHCR and knowledgeable NGOs, is made available to the personnel responsible for examining applications and taking decisions.&lt;ref&gt;Andreas Zimmermann (editor), ''The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol: A Commentary''. Oxford University Press, 2011, 1799 pp, ISBN 978-0-19-954251-2, Introduction to Chapter V, written by Hofmann &amp; Löhr, at p. 1119 (para. 101).&lt;/ref&gt; This information will concern the general situation prevailing in the countries of origin against which applications of asylum are being made. For the authority of the RAD to disclose such information, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD must proceed without a hearing on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, subject to listed exceptions, but this provision does not restrict the RAD from introducing new evidence]].

That said, it is generally expected that a claimant will bring the passages that they are relying on to the attention of the decision maker; the Federal Court has held that the RPD &quot;is not obliged to comb through every document listed in the National Document Package in the hope of finding passages that may support the claim and specifically address why they do not, in fact, support the claim&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;''Giraldo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1052, para. 19.&lt;/ref&gt; When conducting a judicial review of a PRRA decision, the court commented that &quot;It is not for the Officer, who has many applications to adjudicate, to comb through all available National Documentation Package evidence looking for something that might establish risk for the Applicant. Rather, the onus lies with the Applicant to demonstrate to the Officer the basis for the risk claimed, he must include - or at minimum point to - the relevant country condition evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Li v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1461 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsnnw#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-02.&lt;/ref&gt;

Furthermore, the Board should consider the most recent version of the National Documentation Package available at the time that it makes its decision. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 31-43 - Documents#The panel should consider the most recent National Documentation Package]].

=== Claimant-specific research ===

Another way that Canada fulfils this obligation is through claimant-specific research. The RAD provides the following as examples of where it may engage in such research: where the RPD record and information provided by the parties fail to resolve certain issues that are before the RAD and if new issues arise.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'', Effective: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstRadSpr0516.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section c.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board has committed to using the following process when engaging in such research pre-hearing: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to a fair hearing#Disclosure rights and obligations for the Board]].   

For a discussion of whether (and when) a panel may be obliged to engage in such claimant-specific research, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#To what extent does a panel of the Division have a duty to inquire into the claim?]].    

== The Board must ensure that certain claimants are assisted to make their cases ==
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees states in their handbook that the scope of the shared duty of fact-finding between a claimant and the examiner will vary depending on the nature of the case: &quot;While the burden of proof in principle rests on the applicant, the duty to ascertain and evaluate all the relevant facts is shared between the applicant and the examiner. Indeed, in some cases, it may be for the examiner to use all the means at [their] disposal to produce the necessary evidence in support of the application.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; What are those cases in which an examiner is to go to greater lengths to produce such evidence? 

There is widespread recognition that certain types of claimants may be particularly prejudiced in presenting their cases and that in such circumstances this may affect the onus that is placed on the claimant to provide corroboration of their claim. Indeed, the ''Code of Conduct for Members of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'' provides that &quot;Members must take reasonable measures to accommodate all participants in a proceeding so that they may participate effectively.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Code of Conduct for Members of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada,'' Effective Date: April 9, 2019, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/members/Pages/MemComCode.aspx&gt; (Accessed May 3, 2020), at section 10.&lt;/ref&gt; The UNHCR stipulates that &quot;procedures should be in place to identify and assist asylum seekers with specific needs.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ''Procedural Standards for Refugee Status Determination Under UNHCR's Mandate'', 26 August 2020, available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/5e870b254.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 5 September 2020], page 15.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Minors and others entitled to designated representatives ===
One such category of claimants is those whose ability to appreciate the nature of the proceedings is impaired, either because they are incompetent or a minor. The principal way that such assistance is provided in the Board's process is through the appointment of a designated representative for the person: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 20 - Designated Representatives]].

The failure to appoint a designated representative in a refugee protection proceeding, when one is required by the rules, is a violation of procedural fairness. As the court stated in ''Kurija v. Canada'', “I place the proper representation of young immigrant claimants in refugee proceedings on the same plane as concerns over bias of a decision-maker. By this I mean that it is a ‘knock-out’ issue requiring the decision to be set aside, and furthermore an issue on which new evidence is admissible after the fact for the purpose of determining the partiality of the decision-maker, or in this case, the age of the claimant.”&lt;ref&gt;''Kurija v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2013 FC 1158 (CanLII), par. 23, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/g1tm3#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2020-03-15.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Ravi v. Canada'' the claim of an Applicant who had severe mental health issues related to schizophrenia, psychosis and potential alcohol dependency was reopened on the basis that it was unfair to assess the Applicant’s credibility, and his case more broadly, when he had significant mental illness issues at the hearing, and lacked a designated representative.&lt;ref&gt;''Ravi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1359 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl70x#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2021-12-21.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Furthermore, the UNHCR states that determining the claim of a minor &quot;may call for a liberal application of the benefit-of-the-doubt principle&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;UNHCR and Inter-Parliamentary Union, ''Refugee Protection: A Guide to International Refugee Law'', &lt;https://www.academia.edu/36070452/REFUGEE_PROTECTION_A_Guide_to_International_Refugee_Law?email_work_card=view-paper&gt; (Accessed December 13, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Claimants in detention ===
Another category of claimant which may require special assistance is those who are in detention at the time that they are preparing for, or attending, their refugee hearing. There are particular access to justice issues for claimants in detention, who have consistently been identified as being among those who have the greatest difficulty accessing legal counsel.&lt;ref&gt;BC Public Interest Advocacy Centre, ''Refugee Reform Paper'', &lt;https://bcpiac.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/LFBC-Refugee-Reform-Paper-Final-July-30-2015-2.pdf&gt;, page 3. See internet archive link: &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220609184430/https://www.bcpiac.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/LFBC-Refugee-Reform-Paper-Final-July-30-2015-2.pdf&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The UN Committee Against Torture, in its General Comment on ''non-refoulement'', has listed this as one situation in which the burden of proof should reverse, and it should fall on the state to rebut the claimant's assertions where the author of the complaint has faced difficulties in obtaining evidence to substantiate their claim as a result of their deprivation of liberty:&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;Çalı, B., Costello, C., &amp; Cunningham, S., ''Hard Protection through Soft Courts? Non-Refoulement before the United Nations Treaty Bodies,'' German Law Journal, 21(3) (2020), 355-384. doi:10.1017/glj.2020.28 (Accessed April 11, 2020), page 375.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;[W]hen the complainant is in a situation where he/she cannot elaborate on his/her case, for instance, when the complainant ... is deprived of his/her liberty, the burden of proof is reversed and it is up to the State party concerned to investigate the allegations and verify the information on which the communication is based.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;CAT, General Comment No. 4 (2017) on the Implementation of Article 3 of the Convention in the Context of Article 22, Paragraphs 15 and 16, U.N. Doc. CAT/C/GC/4 (Sep. 4, 2018), at para. 38.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;For further discussion of this, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 30 - Claimant or Protected Person in Custody]].

=== Self-represented claimants ===
See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 14-16 - Counsel of Record#Where a claimant is unrepresented and is clearly not understanding what is occurring, the Board should inquire about whether they wish to have counsel]].

=== Where a claimant has no possibility of obtaining documentation relating to their allegation ===
Where a claimant has no possibility of obtaining documentation relating to their allegation, fairness may require the Board to assist a claimant to make their case. The UN Committee Against Torture, in its General Comment on ''non-refoulement'', has listed this as one situation in which the burden of proof should reverse, and it should fall on the state to rebut the claimant's assertions where the author of the complaint has faced difficulties in obtaining evidence to substantiate their claim:&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;[W]hen the complainant is in a situation where he/she cannot elaborate on his/her case, for instance, when the complainant has demonstrated that he/she has no possibility of obtaining documentation relating to his/her allegation of torture..., the burden of proof is reversed and it is up to the State party concerned to investigate the allegations and verify the information on which the communication is based.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;In ''Jankovic v. Canada'' the Federal Court held that the RPD breached procedural fairness by not taking steps to acquire information where it appeared that the information was in a document that had been submitted to Canadian authorities:&lt;blockquote&gt;The Applicant seeks the RPD’s assistance to obtain a document that has presumably been submitted to Canadian authorities, who have thus far failed to respond to the Applicant’s ATIP request. The document in question is not in the possession of the Applicant, but instead is in the possession of the Canadian authorities. The Applicant is not in a position to force the Canadian authorities to produce the document to the RPD, only the Minister would be able to do so, should he so choose. Further, the Minister has relied on the Interpol Zagreb letter to seek the Applicant’s exclusion from refugee protection – the same letter whose accuracy is now put into question by the very document that the Applicant requires assistance to obtain. ... Given all these circumstances, and given the importance of the Adjustment Letter to the Applicant’s claim, the RPD’s conclusion that verifying the information contained in the Interpol letter did not fall within its role was not only unreasonable, it was a breach of procedural fairness.&lt;ref&gt;''Jankovic v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 857 (CanLII), at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jprtv#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-09.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;This is akin to the Federal Court's reasoning in ''Abdallah v. Canada'' in which the court concluded that it was unfair for the RAD not to have assisted the Applicant to obtain an original document held by the CBSA:&lt;blockquote&gt;[5]  It is clear from the RAD’s decision that the RAD came to a negative credibility finding with respect to the identity documents evidence. Counsel for the Applicant argues that had the RAD allowed the Applicant to verify the genuineness of the documents through requesting the originals from the CBSA, the outcome might have been different. If the identity documents were proved to be genuine, it could have an impact on the conclusions drawn. I accept this argument.

[6]  On the facts of this particular case, I find it was unreasonable for the RAD not to have assisted the Applicant to obtain the original SNC from the CBSA, particularly when the authenticity of the SNC was questioned by only viewing a copy. The Applicant asked for fairness since she was helpless in obtaining the original SNC; fairness was not granted. In my opinion, this action constitutes a breach of the duty of fairness owed to the Applicant.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdallah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1046 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hvmqp#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-15.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;However, the Federal Court of Appeal notes that it will not always be necessary for a claimant to have the Board's assistance to obtain a document from CBSA; in ''Singh v. Canada'', the court noted that the appellant &quot;could have obtained a copy [of a document - his diploma] from the CBSA and submitted it himself as evidence to the RPD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 65, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par65&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt;

A related example arises from ''Ali v. Canada'', a case in which the Federal Court held that the RPD breached procedural fairness when it denied the applicant's request for further information about the source and methodology used by the Minister in obtaining and comparing the photographs, thereby blocking the applicant’s attempts to test the reliability of the evidence being used against him.&lt;ref&gt;''Ali v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2024 FC 1085 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5qq7#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-14.&lt;/ref&gt; Disclosure from the Minister also must be complete where it becomes a party to a proceeding: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Disclosure rights and obligations for the Minister]]. In ''Valderrama v. Canada'' the court held that the RAD had an obligation to consider asking the Minister for further information about a hyperlink that the claimant had requested before rendering a decision, so that the claimant could verify the Minister's disclosure.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;''Valderrama v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1591 (CanLII), at paras 6 and 29, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/k7758#par6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-13.&lt;/ref&gt;

== To what extent does a panel of the Division have a duty to inquire into the claim? ==
Ordinarily, the onus to establish their claim rests upon the applicant. It will suffice for a panel to identify the issues and ask open-ended questions about the main points for a claimant to have had a fair opportunity to present their case. For example, in ''Singh v. Canada'', the court stated: &quot;It is clear, later in the hearing, that the female Applicant was asked open-ended questions as to whether there were any reasons why she would not wish to move to any of the IFAs and had the option to address the impacts of her rape had she wished to. The RAD, therefore, did not err&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1457 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0wrx#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-10.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee]]. However, in some cases a panel has a duty to inquire into a claim.

=== The Board should consider the most up-to-date country conditions evidence ===
Where a new National Documentation Package is released by the Board's research unit prior to a panel rendering a decision, the panel should consider it. In ''Zhao v. Canada'', the court held that the Board should consider the most recent information on country conditions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;''Zhao v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1593 (CanLII), par. 12, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/j48rf#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2020-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt;  

Procedural fairness dictates that the parties should have an opportunity to present submissions and evidence on the new documents if they include material new information. As such, disclosure of an updated NDP is not required in all cases, only where they include material new information.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; This principle is reflected in the IRB ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'', which provides that the &lt;abbr&gt;RAD&lt;/abbr&gt; will disclose to the parties new &lt;abbr&gt;NDP&lt;/abbr&gt; documents only when they wish to rely upon them.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings,'' Effective date: June 5, 2019, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/national-documentation-packages.aspx&gt; (Accessed August 30, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; As such, while the Federal Court holds that procedural fairness obligations can be met simply by &quot;[disclosing] the most recent NDP and [giving] the Applicants an opportunity to respond and make submissions&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;''Zhao v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1593 (CanLII), par. 31, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/j48rf#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2020-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; the IRB's policy quoted above appears to specify that the RAD will instead only provide specific documents that it wishes to rely on. In other words, when considering the most recent NDP, the RAD must also notify the parties if there are material updates on which it intends to rely, and grant the parties the possibility to make additional representations.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1623 (CanLII), at para 37, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1hg9#par37&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-19.&lt;/ref&gt;   

That said, the Board is not generally required to look for evidence on its own in these documents to support either the claimant's or Minister's arguments and propositions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; For example, it is not the role of the RAD to address concerns relating to the reasonableness of an IFA when such concerns are not raised by applicants.&lt;ref&gt;Ogungbile v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2022 FC 1639 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtnkh#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-29&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The Board must not ignore evidence that is validly before a panel]]. 

For an additional discussion of this issue, see: 

* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Disclosure rights and obligations for the Board]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Claimants should have a fair opportunity to respond to a panel's concerns]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rules 31-43 - Documents#The panel should consider the most recent National Documentation Package]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#What is a new issue requiring notice?]]

=== A panel is not required to tell the applicant that their evidence is insufficient or ask the applicant to provide additional evidence, but it may elicit information where this is necessary to determine whether the claimant is a refugee ===
Refugee determination as a process of inquiry requires that Members ensure that they are adequately informed in order to determine whether the claimant is a Convention refugee.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; While there are a number of policy statements indicating that it may be advisable for Members to solicit additional information in particular cases, the law appears to be adequately captured by the Federal Court's statement in ''Mbengani v. Canada'' that a panel is not required to tell the applicant that their evidence is insufficient or ask the applicant to provide additional evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Mbengani v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2017 FC 706 (CanLII), par. 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hqpcm#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2021-07-05.&lt;/ref&gt; While that decision involved a PRRA proceeding, the principle would apply with equal force to the RPD. That said, there are policy statements made to the effect that where there is a lack of evidence in a particular case, a Member may have a duty to elicit it. The Member's inquisitorial role means that they have a duty not only to hear whatever evidence comes before them, but, ultimately, according to the academic Hathaway, that they must inform themselves sufficiently to &quot;determine whether or not the [claimant] is a Convention refugee.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Hathaway, James C., ''Rebuilding trust: a report of the Review of Fundamental Justice in Information Gathering and Dissemination at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', Refugee Studies Centre, Publisher: Osgoode Hall Law School, 01/12/1993 &lt;http://repository.forcedmigration.org/show_metadata.jsp?pid=fmo:1136&gt; (Accessed April 14, 2020), page 5.&lt;/ref&gt; To this end, in 1990s the IRB developed what was sometimes called the “Specialized Board of Inquiry Model”, in which the CRDD members were proactive in pre-hearing file review, preliminary issue identification, claim screening, scheduling hearings, and the acquisition of information necessary for the fair and expeditious determination of a refugee claim.&lt;ref&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, to this day the ''Code of Conduct for Members of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'' provides that &quot;Members shall make each decision on the merits of the case, based on thorough preparation, the assessment of evidence properly before the member and the application of the relevant law.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Code of Conduct for Members of the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada,'' Effective Date: April 9, 2019, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/members/Pages/MemComCode.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed May 3, 2020), at section 33.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The panel should confront a claimant and probe where it harbours credibility concerns ===

When it comes to a Member's obligations with respect to the acquisition of information necessary for the fair and expeditious determination of a refugee claim, the court has commented on a Member's duty to enquire by stating that &quot;the RPD has a responsibility to prompt and probe&quot; where it harbours a concern about credibility in certain circumstances:&lt;blockquote&gt;[I]t was unreasonable for the RAD to draw an adverse inference from the Applicant’s bare “no” in this second brief exchange. This was an issue where considerably more questioning was required in order to assess the true depth of the Applicant’s knowledge. Indeed, the RPD has a responsibility to prompt and probe where it harbours a concern like this and the RAD has a corresponding responsibility to hold the RPD to that interrogatorial standard.&lt;ref&gt;''Zeng v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 318 (CanLII), par. 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfb1q#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-07.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;The purpose of a hearing is in part for the panel to complete the record to a sufficient degree for the panel to conduct its assessment. If a panel is to make a negative credibility determination, it needs to sufficiently inform itself of the facts in order to make that determination. RAD Member Ayanna Roberts commented that an intersectional analysis should consider the society in which the person is operating and any barriers that the person may encounter, but that in the case before her, the RPD had failed to consider relevant factors in its analysis when it drew a negative credibility inference, specifically noting that the personal beliefs and openness to sexual diversity of the families that the appellant had been living with were not canvassed during the hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 154071 (CA IRB), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvjvt#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-09.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The panel is obliged to test the evidence where this is necessary in order to ascertain the truth ===
Where evidence is provided by a claimant, there may be an obligation on the Board to test that evidence. Members are responsible for making the inquiries necessary, including questioning the claimant, to determine the validity of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Thamotharem v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2007 FCA 198 (CanLII), at para 46, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1rmr4#par46&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-19&lt;/ref&gt; As the Board's legal services department puts it in its paper on ''Assessment of Credibility in Claims for Refugee Protection'', &lt;abbr&gt;RPD&lt;/abbr&gt; members have a duty to get at the truth concerning the claims they hear.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Assessment of Credibility in Claims for Refugee Protection'', January 31, 2004, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/legal-concepts/Documents/Credib_e.pdf&gt; (Accessed January 27, 2020), section 2.6.4.&lt;/ref&gt; The law “imposes a duty upon RPD members to assess the credibility of refugee claimants.”&lt;ref&gt;''I.P.P. v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 123 (CanLII), para. 129. &lt;/ref&gt; As Justice Nadon stated in ''Maksudur v. Canada'', &quot;In most refugee claims, the prime issue, if not the only issue, is whether the story related by the [claimant] is true. Consequently, Board members have a duty to the [claimant] and to Canada to employ their best endeavours in the pursuit of that goal to discover the truth.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Maksudur v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 1999 CanLII 8826 (FC), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/466k&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Mosley writes that &quot;a close examination of the merits of the claim is consistent with the nature of the process and the role[] of the member&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Benitez v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2006 FC 461 (CanLII), [2007] 1 FCR 107, par. 98, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1n3nx#par98&gt;, retrieved on 2021-07-17.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board states that there is a duty to ascertain the truth, and relevant questions should not be left in the air through the failure of counsel to ask those questions.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; Justice Whyte Nowak writes that decision-makers are required to probe internal inconsistencies in a witness’ evidence and as well as inconsistencies in the evidence as between witnesses.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1359 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6jn7#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-19.&lt;/ref&gt; This is consistent with the role of the Refugee Protection Division, as envisaged in the report from Rabbi Plaut that led to the IRB's founding, with that report stating: &quot;a determination that a claimant is a refugee requires an assessment of credibility, for the [Division] must satisfy itself that the facts as asserted by the claimant are true.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 106.&lt;/ref&gt; Plaut goes on to note about refugee status determination that &quot;the whole exercise falters and justice is thwarted if the truth is not elicited&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;W. Gunther Plaut, ''Refugee determination in Canada: A report to the Honourable Flora MacDonald, Minister of Employment and Immigration'', April 1985, Government of Canada publication, page 159.&lt;/ref&gt; 

There are many ways in which a panel may seek to fulfill its mandate to test evidence; in general, one technique that is used by the government is to seek to corroborate the information.&lt;ref&gt;''Mahjoub (Re),'' 2010 FC 787 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/2btjw&gt;, para. 94.&lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/170 - Proceedings#How should the Division determine whether evidence should be considered credible or trustworthy?]]

=== A panel may have a duty to contact a witness to obtain information where it has credibility concerns ===

When it comes to whether the Board is obliged to conduct claimant-specific research, or to reach out to a potential witness during a hearing, there is a split in the Federal Court jurisprudence about whether and in what circumstances the Board has any such obligation. One line of jurisprudence is represented by the decision of Justice Russell in ''Paxi v Canada'' wherein he commented that &quot;for the Board to take issue with the authenticity of the document yet make no further inquiries despite having the appropriate contact information to do so is a reviewable error.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Paxi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 905 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; This appears to place a higher onus on the Board to inquire into a claim and solicit independent evidence. A contrasting line of jurisprudence is exemplified by the decision of Mr. Justice Roy in ''Lutonadio v. Canada'' that endorsed the following statement:&lt;blockquote&gt;I disagree that an administrative tribunal has an obligation to contact a witness to obtain information. This is not its role. The onus rests with the Applicant to bring forward evidence it intends to rely upon and in doing so, always to put the best foot forward. It is not up to the RPD to chase down evidence from a witness to be satisfied that the document is authentic and that a person exists who has sworn to the truth of its contents before someone authorized to confirm that fact. This onus rests with the Applicant who should provide the necessary information authenticating the author and the document.&lt;ref&gt;''Lutonadio, Marcelina v. M.C.I''., (FC, No. IMM-7709-19), Roy, January 6, 2021; 2021 FC 18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Both lines of jurisprudence continue to be followed. For example, in the 2022 decision ''Zhang v Canada'', the court commented about immigration officers that &quot;there does appear to be an expectation that an Officer will take it upon themselves to simply use the contact information provided to verify the authenticity of the evidence that is provided&quot;, citing ''Paxi v Canada'' in support of this proposition.&lt;ref&gt;''Jankovic v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 857 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jprtv#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Relatedly, the 2022 decision ''Jankovic v. Canada'' held that fairness will &quot;sometimes require the RPD to take a small, not-too-onerous, step of making further inquiry into the information relevant to a claim.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Jankovic v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 857 (CanLII), at para 37, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jprtv#par37&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-09.&lt;/ref&gt; This applies both to the RPD and RAD; in ''Valderrama v. Canada'' the court held that the RAD had an obligation to request the Minister to provide information about a hyperlink that the claimant had requested before rendering a decision.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#Where a claimant has no possibility of obtaining documentation relating to their allegation]].

There are limits to the Board's onus to inquire into matters. In ''Ramirez v. Canada'', the claimant argued on judicial review that the Board Member should have considered whether counselling in the proposed IFA location would be likely to adequately address the applicant’s mental health issues. The court rejected this argument, concluding that &quot;such an analysis would have been speculative and well beyond the RAD’s expertise.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;

=== A panel has a duty to enquire into matters where the onus for adducing evidence falls onto the Board ===
As a general matter, a claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee]]. However, in the Canadian system there also exist legal issues where the burden of proof does not fall on the claimant, for example:

* The Minister (or the Board, if the Minister is not participating in a hearing) bears the onus to establish that a refugee claimant comes within one of the Convention's exclusion clauses.&lt;ref&gt;''Ramirez'' v. ''Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration)'', 1992 CanLII 8540 (FCA), [1992] 2 F.C. 306 (C.A.).&lt;/ref&gt;
* If the Board finds that the agent of persecution is the state, then the burden to establish that there is an IFA within that country where the state persecution is not happening or where a claimant would be protected by the state rests on the party asserting it and not on the claimant.&lt;ref&gt;''Buyuksahin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 772 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gk0rh#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-20; ''Chitsinde v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1066.&lt;/ref&gt;
* If the Board or the Minister is asserting that a claimant has status in a third country, the burden to establish that they have an entitlement to citizenship pursuant to that country's laws rests on the party asserting the proposition, not the claimant.&lt;ref&gt;''Tretsetsang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 175 (CanLII), [2017] 3 FCR 399, at para 40, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gs2j6#par40&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-01.&lt;/ref&gt;

Where the record indicates that something is a possible concern, and the onus for establishing that matter falls to the Board, the RPD should conduct a sufficiently thorough questioning to adequately assess the facts and appropriate conclusion, for example an individual is excluded under the ''Refugee Convention.'' The failure to conduct such an examination, for example where the RPD does not inquire into the matter and simply relies on the absence of sufficient evidence on the record to determine that exclusion has not been established, is an error.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-21.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board cannot base some findings, for example that there is an internal flight alternative, in the absence of sufficient evidence, solely on the basis that the claimant has not fulfilled the onus of proof.&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; 

=== The panel has a duty to enquire into matters related to the fairness of the proceedings if there is an indication of a procedural fairness issue ===
For example, in ''Gallardo v. Canada'' the Federal Court commented that the Division should have inquired into the claimant's capacity to represent himself given counsel’s statements that the claimant had not been properly prepared and the claim had been inadequately put together without the assistance of counsel.&lt;ref&gt;''Gallardo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 441 (CanLII), par. 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jg7pv#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2021-06-08.&lt;/ref&gt; The Court held that the Division erred in not so inquiring. In ''Gorgulu v. Canada'', the Federal Court concluded that a decision maker should have alerted an applicant to what appeared to be an oversight in their submissions, stating that the &quot;reasons fail to demonstrate that they considered the consequences of not providing the applicant with an opportunity to rectify what may very well have been an oversight concerning important information in support of his PRRA application&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Gorgulu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 23 (CanLII), at para 57, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtsr9#par57&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-03.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board should also verify that representatives appearing before the Board are authorized to do so: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Counsel of Record#The Board should verify that representatives appearing before the Board are authorized pursuant to the Act and regulations]].

== The Refugee Appeal Division must independently assess claims ==
The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref&gt;''Fatime v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 594 at para 19.&lt;/ref&gt; This has implications for the role of the RAD; the RAD cannot be expected to examine every piece of evidence and try to draw out arguments that could support an asylum claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Chakroun c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration),'' 2023 CF 1170 (CanLII), au para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzxbz#par18&gt;, consulté le 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt; Simply because the RAD expresses agreement with the RPD’s reasoning does not mean it failed to undertake its own assessment or analysis.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2023 FC 332 at para 27.&lt;/ref&gt; For more detail, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 3(3)(g)(i): The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal]].

That said, while the RAD is an appellate body, it would not be consistent with the inquisitorial approach to refugee determination to design an appeal that abandons this approach, placing the onus exclusively on the appellant to advance all issues of risk.&lt;ref&gt;''Al-Lamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1621, para. 24.&lt;/ref&gt; The Board Member must engage with evidence that, on its face, appears to contradict their key findings about the case.&lt;ref&gt;''Cepeda-Gutierrez v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 157 FTR 35, [1998] FCJ No 1425 (FC).&lt;/ref&gt; While the RAD is not required to assess every finding made by the RPD, it is required to provide justified, transparent, and intelligible reasons supporting or disagreeing with the RPD’s risk findings, even if those findings are unchallenged.&lt;ref&gt;''Al-Lamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1621, para. 29.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Reasons should be sufficiently clear and provide a rational chain of reasoning]].

== References ==
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== What is an operating system? ==
An Operating System (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and other software. 

It's commonly portrayed as the bridge between hardware and software. For a more detailed definition see [[w:Operating_system | Operating system]]

== What operating systems can be ==

Different operating systems look, function, and are used differently.
For example:
* The interface can be graphical (GUI) or command-line (CLI)
* It could be used as a server, desktop, internet route, appliance, etc.
* It could support just a single-user, or multiple-users (Also known as multi-user)
* It could support running just a single task at a time, or multiple tasks (multi-tasking).

Let's look at these different options in more detail:
* '''Command-Line (CLI)''': Text based user interface
** Present in almost every OS
** Allows for flexible command input and automation (executing scripts)
** Fast
*** Fast Computationally - Excels on computationally constrained hardware or when every bit of performance is needed.
*** Many tasks are faster when performed through a CLI compared to a GUI.
* '''Graphical User Interface (GUI)''': Icon, Widget, and Audio-based user interface
** More Intuitive for many
*** Generally more approachable for new users, less instruction is required to train a user to use a well designed GUI.
*** Literacy is not necessarily required to use a GUI, an important consideration in some educational environments.
** Some operations are faster than in a CLI without a prior script being made.
*** Automation is still possible, though often requires a third party program.
*** Almost always more computationally expensive than a CLI in terms of computer resources.
* '''Single task''': 1 task/ program can be run at a time
* '''Multi task''': Multiple programs can be run at a time
** Preemptive: the OS can take resources
** Cooperative: it only works if every resource is available
* '''Single-user''': Only one user can be handled at a time.
** Some single user operating systems allow for different user profiles, but lack the ability to run programs from multiple accounts at once.
* '''Multi-user''': Multiple user accounts can be created and used simultaneously.
** Multiple users can use the system simultaneously. This can be through a user locking their session to allow another user to log in on a traditional desktop while their applications continue to run in the background, or have two users literally logged in and operating at the same time in the case of a multiheaded system.
** Filesystem must support the convention of user separation (so FAT16 and FAT32 are excluded, but EXT2,3,4; NTFS and modern FS's support it). 
**A long time ago this was not the case, so users could exploit others on the computer. Nowadays it's near impossible to get access to other users' directories.

== Types of OSes by Capabilities ==
=== DOS ===
'''MS-DOS, and Windows based on it (from 1.01 to ME)''': 
* CLI , with GUI as a bolt on add on with Windows
** Vanilla MS-DOS is a pure CLI.
** Early versions of Windows were simply graphical environments added on to MS-DOS, or later integrated with it. These versions included a program called MS-DOS Prompt to create CLI shells.
* Single-user. Some versions allowed multiple user accounts, but were unable to allow them to be logged in simultaneously.
* MS-DOS cost money back in the day, and is typically no longer sold in stores.
** MS-DOS software is sometimes compatible with other DOS operating systems, some of which are still developed to this day.
* Security issues, general obsolescence, and a lack of network focus make MS-DOS a ''terrible'' server or even networked operating system. MS-DOS can still work fine on offline machines.

=== Windows NT ===

'''Windows NT (Windows NT 3.x – 11)''': 
* GUI with de-emphasized CLI.
** Most tasks in Windows are performed using the GUI.
** CLI environments such as the basic ''Run'' and ''Command Prompt'' applications are typically included.
** More recent versions of Windows offer the more advanced and capable ''Power Shell'' application.
* Multi-user (here the user folders are encrypted, so you can't get access to others' folders without proper permission)
* You typically have to pay for it, or be eligible for special promotions or offers.
* There are server and desktop versions. There are further sub versions which target different market segments.

=== Unix and Compatibles ===

'''Linux''': 
* CLI with optional GUI. 
** Some Distros are CLI only, especially those intended to be used on servers or embedded devices.
** Most desktop distributions use a GUI by default with a de-emphasized CLI. Others try to strike a balance between the two.
* Multi-user, so multiple user can be on the network, the folders can be encrypted, permissions can be set, widely customizable (both program- and interface-wise).
* It's '''free''' as in freedom, and often free as in beer so you don't ''typically'' have to pay for it. 
** Most distributions are free. 
** For some enterprise distributions, such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux, you pay to get it directly from the company that makes it, and to get support.
* There are server and desktop oriented distributions.

'''UNIX''':
* The BSD family includes a number of open source operating systems, as well as closed source operating systems.
* There are a number of proprietary UNIX operating systems, such as Solaris (A direct UNIX descendent) and MacOS (Related to BSD).

'''Other''':
There are a few other UNIX-like operating systems you may read about while studying Linux
* GNU Operating System - Many coreutils for Linux originated here.
* MINIX - Important influence in the history of Linux, and still used in some applications.
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File:PSX-Console-wController.jpg|Original PlayStation, with upgraded Dual Shock controller.
File:PSone-Console-Set-NoLCD.jpg|The smaller PSone without an LCD attached.
&lt;/gallery&gt;
==History==
[[File:PlayStation Wordmark.svg|thumb|PlayStation wordmark.]]
===Nintendo Partnership===
The Play Station was initially a partnership between Nintendo and Sony to develop a disk based add on for the [[History of video games/Platforms/Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Walton |first1=Mark |title=The fabled SNES-PlayStation prototype has been turned on and disassembled |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/11/the-fabled-snes-playstation-prototype-has-been-turned-on-and-disassembled/ |accessdate=18 October 2020 |work=Ars Technica |date=9 November 2015 |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; The partnership fell through when Nintendo made a surprise announcement in 1991 that they were partnering with Phillips for their [[History of video games/Platforms/CD-i|CD-i]] system instead, as they did not want to yield control over the SNES CD format to Sony.&lt;ref name=&quot;prototypediscovered&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Walton |first1=Mark |title=Fabled CD-playing, SNES-compatible “Play Station” prototype found in a box |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/07/fabled-sony-nintendo-play-station-prototype-discovered/ |website=Ars Technica |accessdate=18 October 2020 |language=en-us |date=3 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Shapiro |first1=Eben |title=Nintendo-Philips Deal Is a Slap at Sony (Published 1991) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/03/business/nintendo-philips-deal-is-a-slap-at-sony.html |website=The New York Times |accessdate=17 November 2020 |date=3 June 1991}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Development===
[[File:Ken Kutaragi - Game Developers Choice Awards 2014.jpg|thumb|Ken Kutaragi, an important figure in the development of the PlayStation.]]
Despite litigation from Nintendo, Sony continued to develop their game console independently.&lt;ref name=&quot;prototypediscovered&quot;/&gt;

Ken Kutaragi was able to keep costs low by leveraging Sony's existing semiconductor and CD-ROM factories.&lt;ref name=&quot;Interview&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Hideki Sato Discussing the Sega Saturn |url=https://mdshock.com/2020/06/16/hideki-sato-discussing-the-sega-saturn/ |website=Mega Drive Shock |accessdate=27 October 2020 |date=16 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; This vertical integration gave Sony a huge cost advantage over competing hardware, which had to buy from external firms instead of an internal supply chain.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hideki Sato talks about creating SEGA Saturn hardware and Sony asking SEGA to go third party |url=http://segabits.com/blog/2018/06/29/hideki-sato-talks-about-creating-sega-saturn-hardware-and-sony-asking-sega-to-go-third-party/ |website=Hideki Sato talks about creating SEGA Saturn hardware and Sony asking SEGA to go third party |access-date=2 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The entry of Sony into the console market was initially not taken seriously by the industry.&lt;ref name=&quot;sonystory&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=PlayStation: How Sony came to dominate the gaming industry |url=https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-digit/submission/playstation-how-sony-came-to-dominate-the-gaming-industry/ |website=Digital Innovation and Transformation |accessdate=18 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; However by building a solid support infrastructure for their console prior to release, Sony was able to sign a number of developers, and even get a few developers to switch their franchises entirely to their platform.&lt;ref name=&quot;sonystory&quot;/&gt; The PlayStation was also considered relatively easy to develop for,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interview - Seth Mendelsohn |url=http://www.gamezero.com/team-0/articles/interviews/seth_mendelsohn/ |website=www.gamezero.com |accessdate=21 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; which was a huge advantage in a market featuring a number of consoles with hard to master architectures.

===Launch===
[[File:2014 제주여행 3일 030 (11998023296).jpg|thumb|A PlayStation in use.]]

==== Japan ====

The PlayStation launched in Japan on December 3rd, 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Decade of dominance for PlayStation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4054797.stm |accessdate=28 October 2020 |date=3 December 2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== North America ====

Sony employee Steve Race announced the cost of the PlayStation in North America at E3 1995, shortly after Sega announced the release of it's [[History of video games/Platforms/Sega Saturn|Sega Saturn]] at a cost of $399.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shock&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=It's Been 25 Years Since Sega Shocked the Gaming World: Here's What Happened |url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/its-been-25-years-since-sega-shocked-the-gaming-world-heres-what-happened |accessdate=26 October 2020 |work=PCMAG |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{quote|text=$299|sign=Steve Race|source=Entire speech at E3 1995.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shock&quot;/&gt;}}

This short speech launched the room into applause,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PlayStation 25th Anniversary: How Sony created the console that redefined the game industry |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/playstation-25th-anniversary-how-sony-created-the-console-that-redefined-the-game-industry/ |website=Edge Magazine |accessdate=26 October 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; as the PlayStation was significantly less expensive than competing systems.

==== Europe ====

The PlayStation was quite popular after launching in France, with a March 4th, 1997 article in ''Le Monde'' claiming 600,000 consoles were sold over the prior 18 months.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Le public des consoles de jeux prend de l'âge |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1997/03/04/le-public-des-consoles-de-jeux-prend-de-l-age_3765876_1819218.html |access-date=22 September 2021 |work=Le Monde.fr |date=4 March 1997 |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Revisions===
[[File:PlayStation-Model-Backs.jpg|thumb|Various PlayStation revisions.]]
A number of revisions were made during the production of the PlayStation, resulting in the removal of RCA ports and later on the parallel port.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Byford |first1=Sam |title=A brief history of cutdown game consoles |url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2019/7/11/20690011/nintendo-switch-lite-game-console-redesign-xbox-playstation |accessdate=19 October 2020 |work=The Verge |date=11 July 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
====Net Yaroze====
The Net Yaroze was launched in March of 1997 for $750 to promote independent development for the PlayStation.&lt;ref name=&quot;15 Net Yaroze&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=15 Years Later: How Sony's Net Yaroze Kickstarted Indie Console Development |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/169245/15_years_later_how_sonys_net_.php?print=1 |access-date=25 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; While not comparable to the full development kit with features like a debugger missing, the system gave Indie developers the opportunity to have demos of their games included in official Demo CDs.&lt;ref name=&quot;15 Net Yaroze&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Doing It Together: Remembering PlayStation’s Net Yaroze Console |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvxbky/doing-it-together-remembering-playstations-net-yaroze-console-935 |website=www.vice.com |access-date=25 November 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Legacy===
[[File:Playingps1.jpg|thumb|The original PlayStation had worldwide popularity. Here two children can be seen playing an original PlayStation in Nigeria in 2003.]]
The original PlayStation was followed by the [[History of video games/Platforms/PlayStation 2|PlayStation 2]].

Manufacturing of the original PlayStation stopped in 2006.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sony stops making original PS |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/sony-stops-making-original-ps/1100-6146549/ |accessdate=28 October 2020 |work=GameSpot}}&lt;/ref&gt; The PlayStation was a massively popular console, ultimately selling over 102 million units.&lt;ref name=&quot;prototypediscovered&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The bestselling consoles of all time |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/bestselling-consoles-of-all-time/ |website=www.digitaltrends.com |accessdate=14 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The original PlayStation had a popularity long surpassing its launch. Due to its status in the modding community as a cheap and beginner friendly console, unofficial mods for the system continued to be released as recently as 2021.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=VGA Without The Hassle, From Your PlayStation One |url=https://hackaday.com/2021/02/12/vga-without-the-hassle-from-your-playstation-one/ |access-date=19 February 2021 |work=Hackaday |date=12 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Burning Your Own PS1 Modchip Is Easy |url=https://hackaday.com/2020/11/01/burning-your-own-ps1-modchip-is-easy/ |access-date=19 February 2021 |work=Hackaday |date=1 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Technology==
[[File:Ps1-cpu-si-HD.jpg|thumb|The PlayStation 1 CPU die.]]
{{quote|text=PS1 was the best design of its generation.|sign=John Carmack|source=Tweet on February 21st, 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=@ID_AA_Carmack |url=https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/304662242627031040? |access-date=24 December 2020 |publisher=Twitter}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
===Compute===
The PlayStation CPU uses a 32 bit RISCI processor derived from an LSI CoreWare CW33300 design, and is clocked at 33.87 megahertz.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PlayStation Architecture A Practical Analysis |url=https://www.copetti.org/projects/consoles/playstation/ |website=Rodrigo's Stuff |accessdate=29 October 2020 |language=en |date=8 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The PlayStation has 2 megabytes of RAM and 1 megabyte of VRAM.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=PS1 Strengths and Weaknesses vs N64 and Sega Saturn |url=https://www.racketboy.com/journal/ps1-strength-and-weaknesses-vs-n64-sega-saturn |website=RetroGaming with Racketboy |accessdate=29 October 2020 |language=en |date=11 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The PlayStation did not generate enough heat to need a fan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Gartenberg |first1=Chaim |title=Remember how simple consoles used to be with this original PlayStation teardown |url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2019/12/3/20993374/playstation-sony-ifixit-teardown-simple-hardware-internal-components-cd-drive |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=The Verge |date=3 December 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== Graphics ===
==== The PlayStation Aesthetic ====
The unique technical attributes of the PlayStation lead to games developed for the system possessing a unique aesthetic. A defining aspect of this are visually sharp polygons which &quot;wobble&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=PlayStation 1 Graphics Wobble |url=https://www.retrorgb.com/playstation-1-graphics-wobble.html |access-date=23 February 2021 |work=RetroRGB |date=26 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Because of the relatively large storage space available on CD, many games used relatively high resolution textures. However a lack of compute resources meant that these textures were generally not very filtered or smoothed.

It's important to note the context of which the PlayStation would have been used to understand how its graphics would have actually looked to a gamer of the day. Generally game consoles of that period were played on cheap or modest consumer grade CRT televisions, which naturally had a fuzzy sort of quality and distortion to them. These imperfections and flaws thus somewhat worked to obscure console limitations. When playing original PlayStation games on superior displays, it should be noted that the result one sees is different from what would have been generally seen at the time.

=== Hardware ===
[[File:Net-Yaroze-Full-Sdk.jpg|thumb|The Net Yaroze Development Tool]]
==== CD Drive ====
The PlayStation has a 2x speed CD Drive.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sony PlayStation Teardown |url=https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Sony+PlayStation+Teardown/128089 |website=iFixit |accessdate=29 October 2020 |language=en |date=3 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Though the console is not the first to leverage CD-ROMs, the original PlayStation is perhaps the most iconic console to use CD-ROMs, and is often seen as ''the'' archetype of a CD-ROM Console.
===== Advantages =====
Sony was a major player in the CD-ROM industry, and the PlayStation exists precisely because of this given its origin as an SNES and Super Famicom CD-Add On. However the CD-ROM was important for more than design inertia. The use of CD technology was a major selling point of the system, for both consumers and manufacturers. This is because CD-ROMs were capable of much more storage then consumer grade cartridges of the time, allowing for more expansive games. CDs could be pressed at a lower cost for the manufacturer then the manufacture of cartridges.

===== Disadvantages =====
While the PlayStation was not the first console to use optical disks, the technology still had a long way to go. The most notable downside was speed, with many games requiring significant loading times. Despite the massive increase of capacity over cartridges, some ambitious developers required even more space than what could be offered by a CD-ROM, requiring some games to be shipped on multiple disks. Additionally, as the 1990s progressed, the proliferation of consumer CD-Burners made piracy for the system extraordinarily easy compared to cartridges.

=== Accessories ===
==== Memory Cards ====
Since the PlayStation could not burn save data to CD-ROMS&lt;ref&gt;Note: It is sometimes possible to burn data to finished CD-ROMs with unused space, but this is unsuitable for consumer applications, and the original PlayStation lacked a CD burner, making this infeasible.&lt;/ref&gt; and game saves had become a somewhat standard feature among games, a way for users to save games was needed. This was accomplished with memory cards.

==== PocketStation ====

In Japan, the Pocketstation was released as a basic handheld console and memory card combo that could sync mobile minigames with PlayStation games.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Byford |first1=Sam |title=The portable PlayStations were Sony at its most ambitious |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/12/4/20991654/psp-vita-portable-playstation-console-sony-25-anniversary |accessdate=20 October 2020 |work=The Verge |date=4 December 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Games ==
[[File:Tienda Super Potato (Akihabara, Tokio).jpg|thumb|upright=2|The PlayStation section of the Super Potato game store in Akihabara, Japan in 2017. The console continued to be widely played after it was discontinued.]]
=== Qualities ===
* The original PlayStation is seen as an usurper in the JRPG field, with major publishers taking advantage of the system's enhanced storage capabilities, as well as a much lesser degree of publisher restrictions on game content to create new and innovative experiences. Many JRPGs for the original PlayStation are seen as &quot;Killer Apps&quot; for the system.
* Racing and sports games all did well on the original PlayStation.
* Platformers on the original PlayStation have a mixed legacy. While some of the most acclaimed platforms released on the original PlayStation, the system would also see the release of some of the most notorious platformed blunders of the genre.
* Thanks in part due to it's native CD audio capabilities, rhythm and music games did well on the system.

=== 1995 ===
==== ''Tekken'' ====
Read more about [[w:Tekken (video game)|''Tekken'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''Twisted Metal'' ====
Read more about [[w:Twisted Metal (1995 video game)|''Twisted Metal'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''Air Combat'' / ''Ace Combat'' ====
Read more about [[w:Air Combat|''Air Combat'']] on Wikipedia.

=== 1996 ===
==== ''Crash Bandicoot'' ====
The first Crash Bandicoot game.

Read more about [[w:Crash Bandicoot (video game)|''Crash Bandicoot'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''Tomb Raider'' ====
Read more about [[w:Tomb Raider (1996 video game)|''Tomb Raider'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''Tekken 2'' ====
Read more about [[w:Tekken 2|''Tekken 2'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''PaRappa the Rapper'' ====
Read more about [[w:PaRappa the Rapper|PaRappa the Rapper]] on Wikipedia.
====''Revelations: Persona''====
The first of a series of games noted for loosely drawing concepts from Jungian psychology.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Tisdale |first1=Alex |title='Persona' Bends But Doesn't Totally Break Jungian Psychology |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/22672-persona-carl-jung-psychology-matthew-fike-interview |access-date=24 March 2021 |work=Inverse |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Revelations: Persona|''Revelations: Persona'']] on Wikipedia.

====''Resident Evil''====
The first Resident Evil game.

The game included some Live Action cutscenes, and despite using some cutting edge filmmaking techniques for the time, credits for the actors involved were not properly recorded, leaving only the actor's first names in the credits.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=23-Year-Old Resident Evil Mystery Solved |url=https://gamerant.com/resident-evil-actor-rebecca/ |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Game Rant |date=26 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1998 ''Resident Evil Director's Cut'' had music said to be composed by the then famous deaf composer Mamoru Samuragochi, only for it to later be revealed in 2014 that a Samuragochi used a ghostwriter,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Noted deaf composer admits his music was ghostwritten |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/02/05/national/noted-deaf-composer-admits-someone-else-writes-his-music/ |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=The Japan Times |date=5 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Yin-Poole |first1=Wesley |title=Resident Evil and Onimusha composer exposed as a fraud |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-02-05-resident-evil-and-onimusha-composer-exposed-as-a-fraud |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Eurogamer |date=5 February 2014 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; and that Samuragochi was not fully deaf.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Japan's Fraudulent Composer Returns Years Later With New Music |url=https://kotaku.com/japans-fraudulent-composer-returns-years-later-with-new-1846728880 |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Kotaku |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt; Samuragochi would later claim he actually had written the music for the Basement section of the game, and backed this up with a recorded VHS performance of him playing it on keyboard in the 1990's.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Disgraced Composer Proves He Wrote Basement Theme |url=https://deadentertainment.com/2018/04/27/disgraced-composer-proves-he-wrote-basement-theme/ |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Dead Entertainment |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The music of the Directors Cut is often seen as hit or miss, depending on the individual track.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Balmont |first1=James |title=&quot;Clowns farting&quot;: The wild story behind Resident Evil's worst soundtrack |url=https://www.inverse.com/gaming/resident-evil-25-composer-mamoru-samuragochi-impostor |access-date=25 April 2021 |work=Inverse |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Resident Evil (1996 video game)|''Resident Evil'']] on Wikipedia.

=== 1997 ===
* [[w:Gran Turismo (1997 video game)|Gran Turismo]] - Best selling game on the system
* [[w:Final Fantasy VII|Final Fantasy VII]] - First 3D Final Fantasy game
* [[w:Tomb Raider II|Tomb Raider II]]
* [[w:Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back|Crash Bandicoot 2: Cortex Strikes Back]]
* [[w:Final Fantasy Tactics|Final Fantasy Tactics]]
* [[w:Tomba!|Tomba!]] - 2.5D platformer adventure
* [[w:Moon: Remix RPG Adventure|Moon: Remix RPG Adventure]]
* [[w:Mega Man Legends (video game)|Mega Man Legends]]
==== ''Klonoa: Door to Phantomile'' ====
2.5D mascot platformer
Read more about [[w:Klonoa: Door to Phantomile|''Klonoa: Door to Phantomile'']] on Wikipedia.
==== ''Ace Combat 2'' ====
Read more about [[w:Ace Combat 2|''Ace Combat 2'']] on Wikipedia.

===1998===
* [[w:Tekken 3|Tekken 3]]
* [[w:Tomb Raider III|Tomb Raider III]]
* [[w:Resident Evil 2|Resident Evil 2]]
* [[w:Crash Bandicoot: Warped|Crash Bandicoot: Warped]]
* [[w:LSD: Dream Emulator|LSD: Dream Emulator]]
* [[w:MediEvil|MediEvil]]
====Xenogears====
Xenogears was originally supposed to be Final Fantasy 7.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Anime and Games That Wouldn’t Exist Without Neon Genesis Evangelion |url=https://sea.ign.com/neon-genesis-evangelion-1/164513/news/anime-and-games-that-wouldnt-exist-without-neon-genesis-evangelion |website=IGN Southeast Asia |accessdate=17 November 2020 |language=en-sg |date=5 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Xenogears|Xenogears]] on Wikipedia.
====Metal Gear Solid====
The first 3D game in the Metal Gear series. This game was originally a 3DO title before development shifted to the PlayStation.&lt;ref name=&quot;empower MGS&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=How Metal Gear Solid empowered the stealth genre |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/games/how-metal-gear-solid-empowered-the-stealth-genre/ |access-date=15 February 2021 |work=Den of Geek |date=7 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The game featured an advanced stealth system, accounting for events such as enemy guards tracking footprints the player left in the snow,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Kuchera |first1=Ben |title=The 10 essential examples of snow and ice in video games |url=https://www.polygon.com/essentials/2021/2/11/22268302/snow-ice-levels-games-best-worst-sonic-tomb-raider-star-wars-hoth-metal-gear |access-date=15 February 2021 |work=Polygon |date=11 February 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; using wolf urine to mask the player scent,&lt;ref name=&quot;empower MGS&quot;/&gt; and other innovative mechanics.

The acclaimed main theme of the game is notably similar to the earlier composition of ''Winter Road'' by the famed Russian composer Georgy Sviridov.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Leigh |title=Report: Konami Didn't Use Metal Gear Solid Theme In MGS4 Due To Plagiarism Accusations |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=21513 |access-date=20 February 2021 |work=www.gamasutra.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Square |first1=Push |title=Ever Wonder Why the Classic Metal Gear Solid Theme Isn't in the Phantom Pain? |url=https://www.pushsquare.com/news/2015/11/ever_wonder_why_the_classic_metal_gear_solid_theme_isnt_in_the_phantom_pain |access-date=20 February 2021 |work=Push Square |date=9 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Metal Gear Solid (1998 video game)|Metal Gear Solid]] on Wikipedia, or read the WikiBook on the general [[Metal Gear Series]].

====Spyro the Dragon====
The first game in the Spyro the Dragon series. This innovative 3D platformer and collectathon allowed more open movement then most other games in the genre at the time.

Read more about [[w:Spyro the Dragon|Spyro the Dragon]] on Wikipedia.

===1999===
* [[w:Gran Turismo 2|Gran Turismo 2]]
* [[w:Final Fantasy VIII|Final Fantasy VIII]]
* [[w:Tony Hawk's Pro Skater (video game)|Tony Hawk's Pro Skater]]
* [[w:Silent Hill (video game)|Silent Hill]]
* [[w:Chrono Cross|Chrono Cross]]
* [[w:Tomba! 2: The Evil Swine Return|Tomba! 2: The Evil Swine Return]]
* [[w:Ape Escape (video game)|Ape Escape]]
* [[w:Pepsiman (video game)|Pepsiman]]
* [[w:The Misadventures of Tron Bonne|The Misadventures of Tron Bonne]]
* [[w:40 Winks (video game)|40 Winks]]
* [[w:Harvest Moon: Back to Nature|Harvest Moon: Back to Nature]]
* [[w:Crash Team Racing|Crash Team Racing]]

====Persona 2: Innocent Sin====
Despite being the older release, Innocent Sin was released in North America years after Eternal Punishment due to localization issues arising from including Adolf Hitler as a character.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hilliard |first1=Kyle |title=Learn How Hitler's Cameo In Persona 2: Innocent Sin Complicated Localization For North America |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2015/08/23/learn-how-hitler-39-s-cameo-in-persona-2-innocent-sin-complicated-localization-for-north-america.aspx |access-date=2 February 2021 |work=Game Informer |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Persona 2: Innocent Sin|Persona 2: Innocent Sin]] on Wikipedia.

====Um Jammer Lammy====

The sequel to PaRappa the Rapper. The game is noted for it's guitar focused spin on the mechanics of PaRappa the Rapper.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=10 Rare PS1 Classics On The Older PlayStation Store You Need To Buy Before It Closes |url=https://www.thegamer.com/best-ps1-classics-playstation-store/ |access-date=10 April 2021 |work=TheGamer |date=3 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Read more about [[w:Um Jammer Lammy|Um Jammer Lammy]] on Wikipedia.

==== ''Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage'' ====

The sequel to Spyro was released just a year later, and featured greater movement options, as well as more side quests.

Read more about [[w:Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage!|''Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage!'']] on Wikipedia.

==== ''Ace Combat 3: Electrosphere'' ====

Read more about [[w:Ace Combat 3: Electrosphere|''Ace Combat 3: Electrosphere'']] on Wikipedia.

===2000===
* [[w:Final Fantasy IX|Final Fantasy IX]]
* [[w:Spyro: Year of the Dragon|Spyro: Year of the Dragon]]
* [[w:Crash Bash|Crash Bash]]
* [[w:Dragon Quest VII|Dragon Quest VII]]
* [[w:Persona 2: Eternal Punishment|Persona 2: Eternal Punishment]]
* [[w:Mega Man Legends 2|Mega Man Legends 2]]
====Vagrant Story====
''Vagrant Story'' is known for its system defying artwork, which used subtle application of pixel art and 3D tricks to create an incredibly detailed environment, especially given the limitations of the hardware.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Lee |first1=Richmond |title=The Forgotten Pixel Art Masterpieces of the PlayStation 1 Era |url=https://onezero.medium.com/the-forgotten-pixel-art-masterpieces-of-the-playstation-1-era-8b453dfe00bf |access-date=23 February 2021 |work=Medium |date=6 December 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Yin-Poole |first1=Wesley |title=Vagrant Story, one of the greatest JRPGs ever, turns 20 |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-02-10-vagrant-story-one-of-the-greatest-jrpgs-ever-turns-20 |access-date=23 February 2021 |work=Eurogamer |date=10 February 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Vagrant Story|Vagrant Story]] on Wikipedia.

===2001===
====Tear Ring Saga====
A tactical role playing game developed by Shouzou Kaga, the creator of the ''Fire Emblem'' series.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The 10 Best Fan Translation Rom Hacks Of Games Never Released In North America |url=https://www.thegamer.com/best-fan-translation-rom-hacks-games-never-released-north-america/ |access-date=22 February 2021 |work=TheGamer |date=1 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nintendo would later take legal action over the close similarities between this game and ''Fire Emblem''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Nintendo Sues Over Emblem Copyright - IGN |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2001/07/25/nintendo-sues-over-emblem-copyright |access-date=22 February 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Read more about [[w:Tear Ring Saga|Tear Ring Saga]] on Wikipedia.

==Gallery==
===PlayStation===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Sony-PlayStation-5501-Console-FL.jpg
File:Sony-PlayStation-5501-Console-FR.jpg
File:Sony-PlayStation-5501-Console-BL.jpg
File:Sony-PlayStation-5501-Console-BR.jpg
File:PSX-SCPH-5001-Motherboard.jpg
File:Sony-PlayStation-SCPH-1000-Motherboard-Top.jpg
File:Sony Playstation 1 SCPH-7002b motherboard top.jpg|The PlayStation Motherboard
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===PSone===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Sony-PSone-Console-wScreen-Open-FL.jpg|PSone with an LCD. This was not a handheld solution, but did allow for easy transport for use anywhere with a power outlet.
File:Sony-PSone-Console-wScreen-Closed-BR.jpg|PSone with an LCD, rear view.
File:Sony-PSone-Console-wScreen-Closed-FL.jpg|PSone with an LCD, lid closed.
File:Sony-PSone-Console-FL.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-FR.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-BL.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-BR.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===PSone Internals===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Sony-PSone-Console-01.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-02.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-03.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Console-04.jpg
File:PSone-Motherboard.jpg|The PSone Motherboard
File:Sony-PSone-Motherboard-01.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Motherboard-02.jpg
File:Sony-PSone-Motherboard-03.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Controllers===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:PSX-Original-Controller.jpg|Original Controller
File:PSX-DualShock-Controller.jpg|DualShock Controller
File:PlayStation-DualShock.jpg
File:PlayStation-Analog-Joystick.jpg|Analog Joystick Controller
File:Playstation fighting stick controller Tietokonemuseo.JPG|A fight stick for the Playstation.
File:Namco-Jogcon.jpg|Namco Jogcon
File:Namco-GunCon-PS1.jpg|Namco Guncon
File:Ascii-PlayStation-Grip-Controller.jpg|Ascii grip controller
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Accessories===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:PSX-Memory-Card.jpg|The standard PlayStation memory card.
File:Sony-PocketStation.jpg|The PocketStation memory card.
File:Sony-PlayStation-Link-Cables.jpg|A PlayStation link cable
File:PlayStation-Multitap-Adaptor.jpg|A Multitap adaptor
File:Playstation-composite-cables.jpg|Composite cables
File:GameShark-PlayStation.jpg|GameShark for Playstation
File:Performance-PlayStation-2X-Memory-Card.jpg|Third party 2X Memory Card
File:PlayStation Mouse.jpg|PlayStation Mouse
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Development===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;

File:HPIM1221.JPG|NTSC blue Debug station
File:DTL-H1102.jpg|PAL blue debgging station.
File:PS1 Debugging Station DTL-H1002 Serialplate.jpg|Serial plate for the debugging station.
File:Sony Net Yaroze mit original Yaroze-SDK.jpg|Net Yaroze
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Nintendo Play Station===
The prototype Nintendo Play Station.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (25399438327).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (25399439107).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (26398118438).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (26398120038).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (26398121058).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (26398122268).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (26398125828).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (38460196990).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation Prototype (38460197310).jpg
File:Nintendo Playstation prototype (rear).jpg
File:Sony-playstation prototype.jpg|The prototype Play Station, based on the SNES.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== Marketing ===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;
File:Playstation logo colour.svg|PlayStation Logo
File:PlayStation wordmark (1994-2009).svg|PlayStation console logotype.
File:PSone logo.svg|PSOne logotype.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==References==
{{wikipedia|PlayStation (console)|PlayStation models|PlayStation technical specifications|Net Yaroze|Super NES CD-ROM}}
{{commons category|PlayStation}}
{{WikipediaCredit}}&lt;!--Games List--&gt;
{{reflist|2}}{{status|100%}}{{BookCat}}__NOTOC__</text>
      <sha1>79qu8kt0ws6au1a8u4fk36shrmw7b6u</sha1>
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    <title>History of video games/Preservation</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>more difficult then &gt; more difficult than</comment>
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      <text bytes="22756" sha1="fq39uwfbzn0nrg0u0nn3i1dsjplsgkc" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;400&quot;&gt;
File:The Nostalgia Box - Museum Space.jpg|Museum space at the Nostalgia Box in Perth, Western Australia.
&lt;/gallery&gt;
==Museums, Libraries, and Archives==
===Game specific===
====Europe====
[[File:Ausstellung Computerspielemuseum 2.JPG|thumb|The Computerspiel Museum in Berlin, Germany.]]
* Museum of Soviet Arcade Machines in Moscow, Russia.
* Computerspielemuseum Berlin in Berlin, Germany.
* Finnish Museum of Games in Tampere, Finland.
* National Videogame Museum in Sheffield, United Kingdom.
* Video Game Museum of Rome in Italy.
* Muzeum her Cibien's Corner in Prague, Czech Republic.
* Retro Gaming Museum with branches in Iceland and Norway.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Contact |url=https://www.retrogamingmuseum.com/contact.html |website=Retro Gaming Museum |access-date=11 January 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===North America===
* The Strong Museum of Play in Rochester, New York.
* National Videogame Museum in Frisco, Texas.
* The University of Texas Video Game Archive in Austin, Texas.
* The Computer and Video Game Archive (CVGA) at the University of Michigan Library in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
* Star Worlds Arcade in De Kalb, Illinois.
* International Video Game Hall of Fame in Ottumwa, Iowa (Under development)
* Montreal Video Game Museum in Montreal, Canada.

===Other===
* The Nostalgia Box in Perth, Australia.
* The Retro Video Game Museum in Sydney, Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=&quot;Retro Video Game Museum&quot; |url=https://www.gamesmen.com.au/retro-video-game-museum |access-date=15 January 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Related Collections===
Museums or collections of other subjects that include Computer Game or Video Game history.
====Popular Culture====
[[File:EMPPano11.jpg|thumb|The Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP) in Seattle, Washington.]]
* The MADE (Museum of Art and Digital Entertainment) in Oakland, California.
* Australian Centre for the Moving Image in Melbourne, Australia.
* Museum of Pop Culture in Seattle, Washington.
* Ray &amp; Pat Browne Library for Popular Culture Studies in Bowling Green, Ohio - Has media related to games such as movies based on game IP, rather than games themselves.

====Computing====
General computing museums often include game hardware, or early computer models that were sometimes used for gaming.
* The National Museum of Computing in Bletchley Park, United Kingdom.
* The Micro Museum in Ramsgate, United Kingdom.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Micro Museum UK{{!}}History{{!}}Vintage Computers{{!}}Games |url=https://www.themicromuseum.org/ |website=the-micro-museum |access-date=25 September 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California.
* Living Computers: Museum + Labs in Seattle, Washington.
* Nexon Computer Museum in Jeju, South Korea.

====Other====
* The Henry Ford in Dearborn, Michigan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Digital Collections |url=https://www.thehenryford.org/collections-and-research/digital-collections/search-results#advancedSearch=1&amp;tab=artifact-results&amp;s.0.in=keywords&amp;s.0.for=Video%20games&amp;years=0-0&amp;perPage=10&amp;pageNum=1&amp;sortBy=relevance |website=www.thehenryford.org |access-date=22 December 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Slovak Design Museum in Bratislava.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Castello |first1=Jay |title=How a design museum unearthed a treasure trove of classic Slovak games |url=https://www.theverge.com/22882705/slovak-design-museum-classic-game-preservation-1980s |access-date=15 January 2022 |work=The Verge |date=15 January 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Slovak Design Center {{!}} Places |url=https://www.visitbratislava.com/places/slovak-design-center/ |access-date=15 January 2022 |work=Visit Bratislava}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Threats==
===Minor===
====Battery backed RAM====

Many early game cartridges use RAM to store save data.&lt;ref name=&quot;Battery backed RAM&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Miscellaneous Attributes : Battery Backed RAM |url=https://www.mobygames.com/attribute/sheet/attributeId,175/p,22/ |website=MobyGames |accessdate=18 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; This requires a a battery to deliver power to the RAM at all times to avoid save game loss.&lt;ref name=&quot;Battery backed RAM&quot;/&gt; These batteries will inevitably run out of juice, loosing the save games contained on the cartridge, and potentially causing other problems should they fail in other ways.

====Ventilation====
Ensuring proper ventilation to an air cooled device, and keeping it clean of dust can extend it's operative life.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Techs |first1=Armor |title=Built for Failure: The Unfortunate Truth about Consoles |url=https://www.armortechs.com/built-for-failure-the-unfortunate-truth-about-consoles |website=Armor |accessdate=18 November 2020 |date=17 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Xbox Support |url=https://support.xbox.com/en-US/help/hardware-network/console/position-ventilate-console |website=support.xbox.com |accessdate=18 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Material degradation====
Many computers and consoles use white ABS plastic with flame retardants that yellow over time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Plastic Cleanup Via Retrobrighting |url=https://hackaday.com/2020/03/13/plastic-cleanup-via-retrobrighting/ |website=Hackaday |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=13 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=This guy makes badly aged Apple computers sparkle again |url=https://www.cultofmac.com/439119/this-guy-makes-badly-aged-apple-computers-sparkle-again/ |website=Cult of Mac |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=22 July 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Forgery====
As with any work of art, or commodity, the existence of forgeries of historical video game materials makes authenticating certain materials more difficult.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Orland |first1=Kyle |title=Inside the $100K+ forgery scandal that’s roiling PC game collecting |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2022/06/inside-the-100k-forgery-scandal-thats-roiling-pc-game-collecting/ |access-date=9 June 2022 |work=Ars Technica |date=7 June 2022 |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Major===
====Defective Design====
Some consoles have inherent flaws in their designs that will eventually cause them to fail, such as the power supply used by the [[History of video games/Platforms/Amstrad GX4000|Amstrad GX4000]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Feature: Your Beloved Games Console Is Slowly But Surely Dying |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/12/feature_your_beloved_games_console_is_slowly_but_surely_dying |access-date=24 April 2021 |work=Nintendo Life |date=25 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; or the Red Ring of Death on the original [[History of video games/Platforms/Xbox 360|Xbox 360]].

As with any modern computer, many consoles and gaming hardware and software are likely to be susceptible to time issues, and may fail or encounter unexpected behavior once certain dates are reached.&lt;ref name=&quot;Computer Time&quot;/&gt; Notably, many devices have software which will encounter issues on January 19, 2038.&lt;ref name=&quot;Computer Time&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Is the Year 2038 problem the new Y2K bug? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/dec/17/is-the-year-2038-problem-the-new-y2k-bug |access-date=18 January 2021 |work=the Guardian |date=17 December 2014 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Francisco |first1=Neil McAllister in San |title=Linux clockpocalypse in 2038 is looming and there's no 'serious plan' |url=https://www.theregister.com/2015/02/20/linux_year_2038_problem/ |access-date=18 January 2021 |work=www.theregister.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Displays====
Some consoles with early built in displays, such as the Microvision or the Game Boy, have poorly made displays that rely on ample light to work, and either rot over time or become sunburnt and become unusable.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Milton Bradley Microvision |url=https://www.popculturemaven.com/games/milton-bradley-microvision/ |website=Pop Culture Maven |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=19 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Repairing A Sunburned Game Boy Screen |url=https://hackaday.com/2018/01/26/repairing-a-sunburned-game-boy-screen/ |website=Hackaday |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=27 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Some display technologies, such as early OLED panels, are highly likely to burn in images over time, though this typically does not render the device unusable.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brookes |first1=Tim |title=OLED Screen Burn-In: How Worried Should You Be? |url=https://www.howtogeek.com/687180/oled-screen-burn-in-how-worried-should-you-be/ |website=How-To Geek |accessdate=18 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Muddle |first1=Ty |title=Five Reasons the PlayStation Vita Might Suck |url=https://squishturtle.com/five-reasons-the-playstation-vita-might-suck-ebee0b73d639 |website=Medium |accessdate=18 November 2020 |language=en |date=17 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

CRT displays are no longer manufactured in mass quantities, leading to shortages of replacements for arcade machines that use them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=History of the CRT TV |url=https://home.bt.com/tech-gadgets/television/retro-tech-the-crt-tv-11363858003032 |website=BT.com |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; This is complicated by CRT technology having many desirable qualities for gaming not replicated in current display technologies.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Leadbetter |first1=Richard |title=We played modern games on a CRT monitor - and the results are phenomenal |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2019-modern-games-look-beautiful-on-crt-monitors |website=Eurogamer |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en |date=17 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CRTs And The “Retro Look” |url=https://gametyrant.com/news/crts-and-the-retro-look |website=GameTyrant |access-date=11 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Some early light gun games rely on CRT technology to operate.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Adi |title=Inside the desperate fight to keep old TVs alive |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/6/16973914/tvs-crt-restoration-led-gaming-vintage |website=The Verge |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en |date=6 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Arcade Batteries====
Some Arcade games, such as some made by Sega or those using the Z80 based Capcom Kabuki chip, would intentionally destroy critical data should an included battery fail.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Reverse Engineering Capcom’s Crypto CPU |url=https://hackaday.com/2014/12/12/reverse-engineering-capcoms-crypto-cpu/ |website=Hackaday |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=12 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Life |first1=Nintendo |title=Ninterview: Preserving Gaming History With Arcade Collector ShouTime |url=https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2016/06/ninterview_preserving_gaming_history_with_arcade_collector_shoutime |website=Nintendo Life |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=4 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Capacitor Plauge/Failure====
Older capacitors may degrade out of spec, leak fluid, or otherwise become destructive with time, though this is highly dependent on capacitor chemistry, typically affecting small electrolytic capacitors the worst and on if the device has had proper storage conditions.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ask Hackaday: Experiences With Capacitor Failure |url=https://hackaday.com/2019/04/12/ask-hackaday-experiences-with-capacitor-failure/ |website=Hackaday |accessdate=18 November 2020 |date=12 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Vaccinate yourself against CAPACITOR PLAGUE! |url=https://www.wirebiters.com/vaccinate-capacitor-plague/ |website=Wirebiters |accessdate=18 November 2020 |date=8 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Server shutdowns====
Some games rely on server functions or always online DRM to run, resulting in an unplayable game once servers are decommissioned.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Ryan |title=Why video game preservation matters and games like Battleborn are anti-consumer |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tech/importance-video-game-preservation-games-7932296 |website=mirror |accessdate=3 November 2020 |language=en |date=9 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Obtaining legal access to game server software is much more difficult than it is to acquire legal access to the end user copy of the game.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Orland |first1=Kyle |title=Researchers can now legally restore “abandoned” online game servers |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/10/researchers-can-now-legally-restore-abandoned-online-game-servers/ |website=Ars Technica |accessdate=3 November 2020 |language=en-us |date=29 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

MMO games are particularly difficult to archive.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Robertson |first1=Adi |title=EVE, offline: how do you archive a universe? |url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/2/24/5441866/eve-offline-how-do-you-archive-a-universe |website=The Verge |accessdate=4 November 2020 |language=en |date=24 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

As software and games move to exclusively be distributed over the internet, preservation becomes trickier due to a lack of physical media.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Current Game Preservation is Not Enough How They Got Game |url=https://web.stanford.edu/group/htgg/cgi-bin/drupal/?q=node/1211 |website=web.stanford.edu |accessdate=3 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Nintendo Makes It Clear that Piracy Is the Only Way to Preserve Video Game History |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/wjm5kw/nintendo-makes-it-clear-that-piracy-is-the-only-way-to-preserve-video-game-history |website=www.vice.com |access-date=28 November 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sometimes online storefronts may remove older media, despite many old games being &quot;finished&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Clark |first1=Mitchell |title=Apple to developers: if we deleted your old app, it deserved it |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/29/23049576/apple-outdated-apps-removal-extension-90-days |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=The Verge |date=29 April 2022 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=As Apple Threatens Pulling Games, Devs Explain Why Forced Updates Are A Preservation Nightmare |url=https://kotaku.com/apple-iphone-ipad-games-app-store-removed-delisted-upda-1848837569 |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=Kotaku |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Deliberate removal====
Sometimes a game developer will decide to pull digital games from a storefront, making downloading new copies impossible, even if the digital storefront still operates and the game date is not technically lost.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Demise of Silent Hills Proves Gaming Has a Preservation Crisis |url=https://www.pcmag.com/opinions/demise-of-silent-hills-proves-gaming-has-a-preservation-crisis |website=PCMAG |access-date=25 November 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Saving 'P.T.' |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/qkjppd/saving-pt |website=www.vice.com |access-date=25 November 2020 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Other removal is less overt. Bulky obsolete arcade hardware is sometimes stored outside where it is degraded by the elements,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Incredibly Rare Sega Arcade Game Found Rotting In A Field |url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2021/02/incredibly-rare-sega-arcade-game-found-rotting-in-a-field/ |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=Kotaku Australia |date=23 February 2021 |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; though sometimes salvage of previously unpreserved materials from these units is possible.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=24-Year-Old Neo Geo 64 Prototype Latest Game To Be Found In A Field |url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2021/03/24-year-old-neo-geo-64-prototype-latest-game-to-be-found-in-a-field/ |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=Kotaku Australia |date=18 March 2021 |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Data loss====
Often source code, development materials, and the final game product itself are not properly preserved by developers or publishers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Uncertain Future of Video Game History |url=https://egmnow.com/the-uncertain-future-of-video-game-history/ |website=EGM |accessdate=3 November 2020 |date=12 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Additionally original audio recordings of in game samples are of interest to preservationists, and are also useful for remastering projects.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Orland |first1=Kyle |title=Super High-Fidelity Mario: The quest to find original gaming audio samples |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/02/super-high-fidelity-mario-the-quest-to-find-original-gaming-audio-samples/ |access-date=24 February 2021 |work=Ars Technica |date=5 February 2021 |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bit rot, or degradation of game media, can also cause information to become lost if no backups exists. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Wahba |first1=Michael |title=The Bits and Bytes of Video Game Preservation |url=https://www.scholarlygamers.com/feature/2018/11/09/the-bits-and-bytes-of-video-game-preservation/ |website=Scholarly Gamers |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en |date=9 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Even when studios keep backups, it is still possible for source material to be lost through corruption.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Farokhmanesh |first1=Megan |title=Mass Effect’s Pinnacle Station DLC is forever lost due to data corruption |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/3/22264321/mass-effects-pinnacle-station-dlc-data-corruption-lost |access-date=4 February 2021 |work=The Verge |date=3 February 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Solutions==
There are two primary approaches to video game preservation, maintaining the physical objects themselves, and maintaining the digital contents of games.&lt;ref name=&quot;Preservation lab&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=A Laboratory for Video Game Preservation |url=https://www.museumofplay.org/blog/2019/10/a-laboratory-for-video-game-preservation |access-date=3 January 2021 |work=www.museumofplay.org |date=11 October 2019 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Both of these approaches require different skillsets, and an individualized approach to specific items.&lt;ref name=&quot;Preservation lab&quot;/&gt;

There have been a number of successful attempts to mend copyright law to make preservation of gaming easier without harming the ongoing industry.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Copyright Law Just Got Better for Video Game History |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/zm9az5/copyright-law-just-got-better-for-video-game-history |access-date=3 January 2021 |work=www.vice.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Some preservationists seek out dev kits, looking for lost data, though some companies have retaliated against those who do so.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The Questionably Legal Hunt For Abandoned AAA Games |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtvQiVeaLqw |access-date=15 March 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=I dumped a one of a kind Nintendo 64 Turok 3 Development ROM {{!}} MVG |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T2Mk-d6QLio |access-date=15 March 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Open source projects on GitHub, including a number of games and related technologies, are preserved on digital PiqlFilm in their Arctic Code Vault located under permafrost in a former coal mine in Svalbard.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=GitHub launches Arctic Code Vault to preserve open source software for 1,000 years |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/11/13/github-launches-arctic-code-vault-to-preserve-open-source-software-for-1000-years/ |access-date=4 February 2021 |work=VentureBeat |date=13 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Engadget Vault&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=GitHub is done depositing its open source codes in the Arctic |url=https://www.engadget.com/github-arctic-vault-success-020240808.html |access-date=4 February 2021 |work=Engadget |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=GitHub Archive Program |url=https://archiveprogram.github.com/ |website=GitHub Archive Program |access-date=4 February 2021 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; This film is said to be readable until the year 3020.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engadget Vault&quot;/&gt; The film also includes instructions on how to build a reader, should it be needed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=How we’re stopping global memory loss |url=https://www.piql.com/blog/how-were-stopping-global-memory-loss/ |access-date=4 February 2021 |work=Piql |date=19 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of course this project only protects open source software that was on GitHub on the archive date. This follows the precedent of another Svalbard based archive, the Global Seed Vault, which seeks to preserve agricultural biodiversity in case of destructive events.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The ‘Doomsday’ Vault Where the World’s Seeds Are Kept Safe |url=https://time.com/doomsday-vault/ |access-date=5 February 2021 |work=TIME.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Preservation History ==
An early encyclopedia of video game history was known to exist on the French Minitel system.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=www.jeuxvideo.com |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1999/01/21/www-jeuxvideo-com_3533196_1819218.html |access-date=22 September 2021 |work=Le Monde.fr |date=21 January 1999 |language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Gallery==
===Threats===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Oxidized-snes.jpg|A Super Nintendo Entertainment System with significant oxidization.
File:Nintendo Super Famicom in box crop.jpg|A smaller amount of yellowing on a Super Famicom in storage. Proper storage can reduce oxidation.
File:Disc rot close up.jpg|Disk rot on a compact disk.
File:PokemonSilverBoard.jpg|thumb|The internals of a Pokemon Silver cartridge. The coin cell battery can be seen in the upper right.
File:LeakedBattery 2585a.jpg|A corroded coin cell. Battery failure or corrosion can damage hardware.
File:Virtual Boy glitch in right eyepiece.jpg|thumb|A malfunctioning Virtual Boy eyepiece. Unique hardware can be difficult to repair.
File:Bad Capacitor 01.jpg|thumb|Bad capacitors with leaking electrolytes.
File:Azuremyst EU retired WoW server blade (6846111093).jpg|thumb|A retired WoW server blade. Constantly changing games like MMORPGs are difficult to truly preserve. Even if the code and game work, the social structures within the game are very fleeting.
File:Bitrot cascade.png|An example of progressively worse bit rot seen on a jpeg. Similar corruption can leave games unplayable.
File:Bubble ghost doc03.jpg|A game design document for ''Bubble Ghost''. Often development materials are lost.
File:Cinescopio per televisore a schermo rettangolare, 13 pollici, deflessione 90°, bianco e nero - Museo scienza tecnologia Milano 10082 dia.jpg|Cathode Ray Tube displays are no longer mass produced, leading to supply issues for machines that use them.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===Solutions===
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;slideshow&quot;&gt;
File:Suomen Pelimuseo 4.jpg|Museums can preserve and share gaming history to a wider audience.
File:Norway-Svalbard.svg|The location of Svalbard (Dark Green), in relation to Norway (Light Green), and Europe (Shaded grey). A number of long term archival projects are housed here.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==References==
{{wikipedia|Video game preservation}}
{{Clear}}
{{reflist|2}}{{status|100%}}{{BookCat}}__NOTOC__{{Chapter navigation|Esports|Etiquette}}</text>
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    <title>History of video games/Platforms/GP2X Caanoo</title>
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      <comment>more important then &gt; more important than</comment>
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&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;300&quot;&gt;
File:CAANOO.jpg|The GP2X Caanoo handheld game console.
&lt;/gallery&gt;
==History==
[[File:Caanoo logo.svg|thumb|GP2X Caanoo logotype.]]
===Launch===
The GP2X Cannoo was launched in 2010 for $150,&lt;ref name=&quot;Time Techland Caanoo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Aamoth |first1=Doug |title=Caanoo Emulator Review: Great Hardware, So-So Software |url=https://techland.time.com/2010/12/13/caanoo-emulator-review-great-hardware-so-so-software/ |website=Time |accessdate=23 November 2020 |date=13 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; though it was sometimes sold for $169.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Biggs |first1=John |title=An Old-Style Arcade in Your Hands |url=https://gadgetwise.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/08/23/an-old-style-arcade-in-your-hands/ |access-date=1 February 2021 |work=Gadgetwise Blog |date=23 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;The system was well received by some open source enthusiasts,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Achievement unlocked: Four open consoles for homebrew gamers |url=https://opensource.com/life/11/7/achievement-unlocked |access-date=20 January 2021 |work=Opensource.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; as well as a the broader public,&lt;ref name=&quot;Time Techland Caanoo&quot;/&gt; though marketing of the device in the west was sparse.

===Legacy===
Due to increasing competition by smartphones, the GP2X Caanoo was discontinued in 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bad News - General Talk [GPH] - GP32X.com - Home of the OpenSource gaming Handhelds |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128011805/http://www.gp32x.com/board/index.php?%2Ftopic%2F60363-bad-news%2Fpage__view__findpost__p__957469 |website=web.archive.org |date=28 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Manikas |first1=Pantelis |title=GamePark Holdings GP2X Caanoo |url=https://gamemedium.com/console/gp2x-caanoo |website=News &amp; Reviews for Videogames &amp; Gaming Consoles consall.eu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Retrospective media coverage of the device is sparse, but an ''AV Club'' article considered the device a forerunner of sorts to the emerging genre of open consoles that proliferated in the later 2010's.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Barsanti |first1=Sam |last2=Hughes |first2=William |title=The rise and fall of the Game Boy's weirdest rivals |url=https://www.avclub.com/the-game-com-cometh-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-game-boy-1846501180/slides/11 |access-date=30 May 2022 |work=The A.V. Club |date=22 March 2021 |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

GamePark Holdings (Then renamed to GPH) folded on March 23rd, 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hardcore Gaming 101: A History of Korean Gaming |url=http://www.hardcoregaming101.net/korea/part3/company-gamepark.htm |website=www.hardcoregaming101.net |accessdate=22 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Technology==
===Compute===
The GP2X Caanoo is powered by a MagicEyes Pollux VR3520F SOC, which is the exact same SOC powering the GP2X Wiz.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt; The SOC contains an ARM926TEJ CPU clocked at 533 megahertz.&lt;ref name=&quot;Time Techland Caanoo&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Irrlicht Engine • View topic - Irrlicht 1.4 GP2x Caanoo |url=http://irrlicht.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=6&amp;t=44301 |website=irrlicht.sourceforge.net}}&lt;/ref&gt; Like the GP2X Wiz, it has built in 3D hardware capable of 1.33 million polygons a second.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

The GP2x Caanoo has 128 megabytes of RAM clocked at 133 megahertz.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt; This is double what is included on the preceding GP2X Wiz.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt; However 16 megabytes of system RAM is reserved for use as video RAM.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

===Hardware===
The GP2X Caanoo uses a OLED resistive touchscreen with a size of 3.5 inches and a resolution of 320 by 240 pixels.&lt;ref name=&quot;Time Techland Caanoo&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Retroreview Caanoo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=[Retro] Review: GP2X Caanoo |url=https://tgigreeny.wordpress.com/2011/05/09/retro-review-gp2x-caanoo/ |website=TGIGreeny Blog |accessdate=23 November 2020 |language=en |date=9 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The GP2X Caanoo has an SDHC card slot, which is more important than it is on the Wiz as the Caanoo has only 128 megabytes of internal storage which is exclusively used for system software.&lt;ref name=&quot;Retroreview Caanoo&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

A Wolfson Microelectronics WM1800 digital to analog converter is used for stereo audio.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

The GP2X Caanoo contains a lithium polymer battery rated at 1,850 mAh.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt; Battery life lasts between four hours and seven hours.&lt;ref name=&quot;Time Techland Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

===Software===
The GP2X Caanoo runs GNU/Linux as an operating system.&lt;ref name=&quot;Irr Caanoo&quot;/&gt;

==External Resources==
{{wikipedia|GP2X Caanoo}}
{{commons category|GP2X Caanoo}}
{{Clear}}
==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{status|100%}}
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  <page>
    <title>Pokémon/Pokédex/Lunatone</title>
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      <id>4448847</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:06:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>more difficult then &gt; more difficult than</comment>
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      <text bytes="2814" sha1="102ig80efb9b27ghrabpodf6izourf0" xml:space="preserve">==Description==
Lunatone resembles a tan flattened crescent moon, with red circular eyes on each side of the Pokémon. This Pokémon features a prominent beak like protrusion in the center of the crescent. This Pokémon is commonly seen as a sibling of sorts with the Pokémon [[{{BOOKNAME}}/Pokédex/Solrock|Solrock]].
=== Shiny ===
A shiny Lunatone has blue eyes. Because Lunatone can learn the move explosion, catching a high level shiny Lunatone can be more difficult than a normal shiny Pokémon.
== Basic Statistics ==
{{Pokémon/Pokédex/Basic Statistics|index=337|jindex=337|hindex=125
|height=1m/3'3&quot;|weight=168kg/370.0lb|gender=[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Genderless Pokémon|Genderless]]
|ability=[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Levitate Ability|Levitate]]
|type=[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Rock Pokémon|Rock]]/[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Psychic Pokémon|Psychic]]
|species=Meteorite
|egg=[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Mineral Egg Group|Mineral]]
|hatch=6400
|stage=[[:Category:Book:Pokémon/Basic Pokémon|Basic]]
|catch=45|baseexp=150|maxexp=800000
|hprb=-|atrb=-|derb=-|sprb=-|sarb=-
|hpgs=-|atgs=-|degs=-|spgs=-|sags=-|sdgs=-
|hprs=70|atrs=55|ders=65|sprs=70|sars=95|sdrs=85
|ehprs=0|eatrs=0|eders=0|esprs=0|esars=2|esdrs=0
|mhprb=-|matrb=-|mderb=-|msprb=-|msarb=-
|mhpgs=-|matgs=-|mdegs=-|mspgs=-|msags=-|msdgs=-
|mhprs=344|matrs=229|mders=251|msprs=262|msars=317|msdrs=295
}}
== Type Matching ==
Move types which are good on Lunatone: Bug, Dark, Ghost, Grass, Steel, Water&lt;BR&gt;
Move types which are bad on Lunatone: Fire, Flying, Normal, Poison, Psychic

Lunatone is not affected by Ground-type moves due to the Levitate ability.

All other move types are normal effectiveness on Lunatone.

== Moveset ==
{|
! Level !! Ruby / Sapphire !! Fire Red / Leaf Green !! Emerald
|-
| Start || Tackle&lt;br/&gt;Harden || Tackle&lt;br/&gt;Harden ||
|-
| 7 || Confusion || Confusion ||
|-
| 13 || Rock Throw || Rock Throw ||
|-
| 21 || Hypnosis || Hypnosis ||
|-
| 25 || Psywave || Psywave ||
|-
| 31 || Cosmic Power || Cosmic Power ||
|-
| 37 || Psychic || Psychic ||
|-
| 43 || Future Sight || Future Sight ||
|-
| 49 || Explosion || Explosion ||
|}

=== TM/HM ===
*'''RS/FL''': Calm Mind, Double Team, Earthquake, Facade, Flash, Frustration, Hidden Power, Hyper Beam, Ice Beam, Light Screen, Protect, Psychic, Rain Dance, Reflect, Rest, Return, Rock Tomb, Safeguard, Sandstorm, Secret Power, Shadow Ball, Skill Swap, Toxic

== Trading Cards ==
* EX Sandstorm #8 - Lunatone
* EX Deoxys #36 - Lunatone

[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Basic Pokémon|Lunatone]]
[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Genderless Pokémon|Lunatone]]
[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Levitate Ability|Lunatone]]
[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Mineral Egg Group|Lunatone]]
[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Psychic Pokémon|Lunatone]]
[[Category:Book:Pokémon/Rock Pokémon|Lunatone]]
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  <page>
    <title>Super Smash Bros. Melee/Techniques/Advanced</title>
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      <text bytes="14318" sha1="e0jgsm3demoujsa6ff1dgxtamar483n" xml:space="preserve">{{TOCright}}
==Intermediate Techniques==
====Shorthop====
The shorthop is just what it sounds like: a hop that is shorter than a normal jump. It is performed simply by tapping the jump button very quickly and lightly. This is easier with certain characters, such as Falco, and very difficult with others. It is very useful as it can be used to pump out aerial attacks more efficiently, and is also used in many advanced techniques.
====Wall Jump====
Everyone can wall jump. Samus, Captain Falcon, Mario, Sheik, Young Link, Pichu, Fox, and Falco are characters who are the fastest, and are the easiest to perform this with. The wall jump is performed by tapping the stick in the opposite direction of a wall just as you make contact with the wall. You will bounce of the wall. This can be repeated as much as you wish. It can be used as a recovery, or to surprise an enemy with an aerial attack.

====Wavedash====
The name of a certain unorthodox movement technique. It is performed by air dodging toward the ground diagonally (often immediately following a jump) so that one's character will slide along the ground.  While wavedashing, most characters move as fast or faster than they would by dashing and is essentially in a standing ground position, meaning they can perform almost any ground attack immediately after a wavedash.  Luigi can wavedash the farthest due to his traction, but this technique can be useful to anyone.

Wavedash can be used to dodge enemy attack, maneuver quickly, edge-hog, and more.  Characters can use wavedashing to cover what would otherwise be weaknesses in mobility and defense - for example, though Samus' roll is slow and inefficient and her running speed is not very high, Samus' wavedash is fast and sufficiently long, allowing her to compete at a high level.

====L cancel====
L cancelling is a staple of advanced play. All characters can benefit from it. It involves pressing L, R or Z immediately before hitting the ground after executing an aerial attack. This effectively halves the lag time after said attack, and is essential for many advanced techniques. It also gives you a competitive edge over players who do not L cancel. Try to press L as late as you possibly can before hitting the ground; the timing is no more complex than that.  Link's aerial down A is a good test move, since the lag reduction is very noticeable.

====Shorthop Fast Fall L cancel (Shffl)====
A term that does not really outline a particular move, but rather a combination of them.  Performed by short hopping, using an aerial attack, fast-falling and l-cancelling, it is often the most efficient way of commencing attacks, although by all means is not always the best option available.

==Advanced Techniques==

===&quot;Back from the brink&quot; (bftb)===
Link, Young link, and Samus can use their grab to hang from the cliff and come back up.

===Chain Throwing===
Characters such as Sheik, Marth, Ice Climber, Samus, and Mario (there are others too) can chain throw. This is just throwing the opponent at a given direction (up for Mario most times, down for Sheik, weird stuff for Ice Climbers and down for Samus) in order to catch them again. The process is then repeated many times, but some characters can escape chain throws at certain (higher) percentages.

===Dash-canceling===
You can &quot;cancel&quot; your dash by crouching (down on the joystick). This works well as a fake out tactic or if you don't want to attack with the dash attack. Dash-cancel to get your opponent to shield (in an attempt for a shield-grab) and then dash-grab.

===Dash-dancing (DD)===
A technique that involves quickly tapping the joystick back and forth.  When successfully executed, it results in the character rapidly turning around in the opening dash animation.  Dash-dancing is used as a fake-out tactic because you can dash in either direction at any time.

===Directional Influence (DI)===
Pressing a direction while getting hit to change the trajectory of one's flight.  '''Note''' - this term does NOT mean simple left/right movement in mid-air - that is a misuse of the term.

===Disjointed Hit Box===
A disjointed hit box is an area that an opponent can attack without having to worry about being hurt. Marth’s sword is a disjointed hit box. His sword is not part of his body, and if someone hits his sword you will receive no damage.

===Double Jump Cancel (DJC)===
Basically this can only be done by Ness, Mewtwo, Yoshi, or Peach (kind of). During the second jump you can cancel it with any attack. While you can attack during your jump with all characters, only these two can manipulate the second jump (I.E. You will STOP gaining height). Most characters have to attack on a set path based on the jump (unable to adjust the height), Ness, Mewtwo, and Yoshi can interrupt the jump in order to attack (and DI accordingly). 

===Edge/Ledge Guarding===
The term for what you do when your opponent is off of the main stage and is trying to jump back, and you try to keep him off.

===Edge/Ledge Hogging===
Holding onto the edge of the stage, preventing an opponent from doing the same, as only one player can hold a ledge at a time. The fastest way to do this is to wavedash backwards into the Edge/Ledge hog position.

===Fast Falling===
This really isn't an advanced technique because it falls along the lines with teching (But since that is included, I'll also include this). Basically this is instinct oriented. All you need to do it press down after reaching the peak of your jump and you will fall faster than you would have if you had not pressed anything at all. 

===&quot;Fox Trot&quot;===
With some characters, including Fox, the initial dash animation is faster than actual dashing. You can move faster than usual by initiating a dash (by tapping) then waiting a second then initiating another dash. A further advantage of the fox-trot is that you can stop the dash animation instantly without any turning animation (DDing) at any point in your movement.

===Fox Team===
With Fox or Falco on Corneria or Venom, press Left to Right several times on the D-pad. Fox or Falco should then kneel and call his friends. After a couple of seconds, members of the Starfox team will call him, and give him some tips. If Fox or Falco get hit during the summoning animation, or when the team is talking, the transmission will stop. This can only be done once per battle and only works in melee mode and training mode.

===Kidnapping===
With DK's forward throw you can grab someone, hold on to them, then walk off the edge to kill you both, or you can throw him after you've fallen a little then try to get back yourself. You can also grab and carry with Bowser. This can be done with Kirby as well: when an opponent is near a ledge, simply jump off the ledge and on the way down, inhale them.

===Item Catching===

Same as item grabbing. When someone throws an item at you, you can catch it by pressing A right when it's about to hit you (on the ground) or Z (in the air). A safer way to air catch is to air dodge and press Z when the item is passing by. It will still catch the item even though you're dodging. It doesn't work with ground dodging.
The best way to practice is to throw the item against a wall and catch it after it
bounces off.

===Jump-cancelling===
Refers to inputting a jump and then cancelling the jump with a grab or upwards ground attack before the character leaves the ground.  Its most common application is performing a standing grab while dashing; a jump-cancelled grab can be used at any time while dashing.
Jump cancelling also refers to jumping out of a shield or reflector: &quot;Fox jump-cancelled his shine.&quot;  Often combined with the first definition of jump-cancelling; if a character that jumps out of his shield but cancels the jump into an up-B, the act only needs to be described with one use of the term: &quot;Link used a jump-cancelled up-B from his shield.&quot;

===L-Canceling===

This is a tactic to reduce the recovery time of air attacks. Right before your character hits the ground, if you're in the middle of an air attack, press L, R or Z to decrease the recovery time. Most noticeable on attacks with heavy lag upon hitting the ground, such as Link's aerial Down-A or Bowser's aerial Back-A; most players begin to practice L-cancelling with those techniques.

===Meteor Recovery===

If you jump at the exact moment someone is Meteor Smashing you, you will recover quickly and jump and there will be a little flashy graphic. It only works on spikes deemed official &quot;Meteor Smashes&quot; though.

===Meteor Smash===

Many characters have a Meteor Smash. This is basically a smash that sends your opponent downward and is designated by the game as a special move. Meteor Smashes, while powerful, can be meteor recovered. 
The term most people use to refer to an attack that sends your opponent straight or close to straight down, allowing you to get kills at a very low percent if your opponent is off of the edge, is a spike. This is different from a Meteor smash in two ways. First, a Spike cannot be recovered from, so it is much more effective. Second, it is almost always a characters Down-A (unless it is already a Meteor Smash). A good example of the difference is Marth. His Down Ariel is a Spike, and it cannot be recovered from. However he also has a Meteor Smash (On his third B in the Sword Dance press down). 

===Missile Canceling===

This is a technique particular to Samus, similar to Falco's short hop laser. Before you land on the ground from jumping, fire a missile, the landing will cancel the missile animation and reduce normal missile firing lag.  Samus can then use the missile as a cover for her approach.  The lag from missiles can also be alleviated with the use of bombs. Drop a bomb, move away, drop a second bomb, and move back to the first bomb. It will explode and propel you up (fire first missile), DI toward second bomb which will explode and propel you up (fire second missile), then the second missile is canceled cause you land on the ground, after landing fire the third missile.

===Phantom Hit/No-flinch Attack/Dead Hit===

A phantom hit occurs when a player hits the enemy at the very tip of the attack window.  It causes half the damage the attack would normally cause, but does not knock back or stun the opponent at all.

===DA Dash===

This is a difficult and somewhat new technique (discovered by a member of the Deadly Alliance, a crew that plays in New York).  It is not so much a dash as it is a dash-cancel.  Performed by changing direction during the initial dash animation and immediately using an attack or other move otherwise applicable from a standing position.  That character will stop moving and use that attack or move.  An extremely useful tactic comparable or superior to wave-attacking.

===Powershielding/Shield Reflecting===

If you press the shield button all the way down at the exact instant you are getting hit, you will block the attack without putting up your shield and be able to retaliate immediately. The computer does this frequently. If the attack is a projectile, you will reflect it back at your opponent. It is extremely difficult and nobody seems to be able to do it consistently in a match.

===Projectile Sliding===
When using a ranged grab, such as that of Samus or Link, against an opponent and there is a projectile attack or bomb on the ground between the two characters, the character performing the grab will take damage and the other charcter will be propelled backwards with significant force.  This can cause a KO on certain stages such as Mushroom Kingdom.

===Roll===

A moving dodging move performed by tapping the joystick to the left or right while shielding.  Though beginning players tend to overuse it, it is an extremely useful dodging technique.

===&quot;Sex kick&quot;/Hero kick===

The name given (By MattDeezie's crew) to the neutral-A (meaning A without a direction) air attack of some characters. It is defined as a kick that sticks out and still hits people even when the foot is no longer moving. Some people use it as a term for all neutral-A aerials, even the non-kicks, but this is incorrect usage.  Fox's and Falco's back A's are also considered sex kicks. A sex kick decreases in damage as the move is used multiple times with the exception of Dr. Mario's sex kick, whose neutral-A aerial actually becomes more powerful after the initial extension.

===ShortHop Blaster/Laser===

A technique that is absolutely integral to playing Falco at a high level.  Performed by lasering after a short hop, it allows Falco to fire lasers while suffering very little lag and is vital to pressuring the enemy.

===SmashFest===

SmashFests are held by players just looking to play smash with other people (and maybe make some money from Money Matches). To find out if there are any fests/tournaments near you check the Tournament section of [http://www.smashboards.com SmashBoards]. Fests are usually held by high Level players or there respective teams. There are also events known as Biweeklies (Bimonthlies) which commonly lead up to Large tournaments in an effort to raise more fun for a better gaming experience (The Tournament Go Franchise). If you want to get your name out there and become more known in the smash community, Fests are the way to do it.

===Teching/Wallteching/Techrolling===

The name given for instant recovery techniques. When you (any character) are sent flying from an attack, if you hit L or R before hitting the ground or the wall (or ceiling), you will recover instantly. On the ground, you will stand up, on the wall you will stop bouncing around, and hitting the ceiling causes you to stop moving then fall straight down at a normal rate. If you hold to the side as you do it, you will recover in a rolling dodge. If you hold up as you walltech, you can jump off of the wall.

===Triangle Jumping===

Similar to wavedashing, except you dodge after you've actually jumped off the ground. This is very useful against characters like Marth in avoiding the attack (sword) while getting close enough in proximity in order to attack.

===Stealing a life===

In a team multiplayer stock game if you lose all your lives, and your teammate has more than one life left, press the start button to steal one of his lives. This will not work if your teammate has 1 life.

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening (2019 video game)/Toadstool Trek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>4448854</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:09:27Z</timestamp>
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        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
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      <text bytes="5131" sha1="7eaq09aoh6jewzi7r5kgux8jhu7y62m" xml:space="preserve">==Mysterious Forest==
Upon entering the forest, the Owl flies in to tell Link to find a key in the '''Mysterious Forest'''. This key grants access to '''Tail Cave''', the first major dungeon.

Head north till Link finds himself in a clearing with a Blue Moblin. Like the sign at the forest entrance says, they are not friendly. If a Moblin spots like, they will throw a spear from a distance, which deals a half heart of damage if it connects. Either sneak up on them, or raise the shield and cautiously approach to slash when the opportunity presents itself. Moblins take two sword strikes to dispatch, or just one spin attack to be defeated.

Head to the northeast of the clearing and the sound of a drum becomes audible. Traveling closer to the sound will show it is coming from a racoon drumming it's belly. If you walk farther north the Racoon teleports Link to a different part of the Mysterious Forest. Here Link will encounter more moblins as well as red slimes to the south. Red Slimes jump at link and deal a half heart of damage. When Link attacks a Red slime with the sword, the Red Slime splits in two smaller red slimes, which can then be fully defeated. The smaller red slimes can't harm Link directly, but they will cling onto him to slow him down. Raise the shield or slash the sword to knock them off.

Head north to reach a '''Great Fairy'''. It is a good idea to mark this location on your map with a heart.

Just to the west of the Great Fairy is a moblin with a shield, which is the most difficult enemy faced so far. Take advantage of the nearby Great Fairy to get a feel for how to fight it without worrying about hearts.

==Log Mini-Dungeon==
===South Chamber===
Find and head into the log. Start breaking crystals, while avoiding standing on cracked tiles for too long. Bats can deal a half heart of damage, but are more dangerous for their ability to knock Link off of precarious paths. Make it to the opposite side of the chest, and then push the rock directly south of the chest to make the treasure chest accessible. This chest contains a whooping 50 rupees, which is a big sum at this part of the game.
===Middle Chamber===
North of the previous chamber is a bend with twin green slimes. These slimes don't divide when hit, making them more straightforward to dispatch. However they still deal a half heart of damage when touched.

===West Chamber===
A chamber with a '''Piece of Heart'''! Unfortunately Link doesn't have the tools to get it right now, so mark it on the map with a treasure chest for later.

Push the rock south of Link down, then push another rock down to clear a path to the exit.

==Toadstool==
Immediately after leaving the Log, Link will be spotted by a shielded moblin! Just next to the Moblin is a red toadstool behind some shrubs. Grab the toadstool (It's required), then head back into the log. Unfortunately getting back is harder than getting in.

First push the bottom right boulder to the right. Then push the boulder that was located to the upper left of that boulder to the left. Now push the northernmost boulder next to a skull upwards. Push one of the eastern boulders to the right, then push the remaining boulder that once neighbored it either up or down depending on the boulder to clear a path. Backtracking through the rest of the log is straightforward.

Head to the northeast of the forest to find an exit, then head southeast to find the Witches Hut. Along the way a charged blob patrols the path, which should be approached with caution. A Zora hiding in a pond will also pop out to shoot fireballs at Link.

Give the witch the sleepy toadstool to gain 20 doses of '''magic powder''' in exchange. More doses cost either 50 rupees or another toadstool, so don't waste them. The witch doesn't begin selling magic powder unless Link has collected at least one toadstool, so don't try to skip collecting it. '''Magic powder''' is very useful because it can not only light flames, it can also sometimes be used on enemies. To try lighting a fire, there is a handy unlit torch in the Witches Hut. As a test, try using the powder on the charged blob on the way back to the Forest. If successful, the charged blob can now be talked to!

Find the racoon and talk to it to learn it's sensitive to powder and dust. Use some Magic powder on it to get a reaction, and transform it into Tarin! The disorienting fog is now gone, so go north to find a treasure chest. The '''Tail Key''' is inside. After Link collects the key, the Owl returns to remind Link to use it at Tail Cave. Go to Tail Cave southeast of Mabe Village to use it. Once the bars lower, enter Tail Cave.

== Questions ==
In the Shakespearean tragedy ''Macbeth'' witches famously rhymed. Is the rhyming of the Witch in the English version of ''The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening'' inspired by this work?

Read more about [[William Shakespeare's Works/Tragedies/Macbeth|''Macbeth'']] in the Wikibook [[William Shakespeare's Works]] or read the [[wikisource:Macbeth (Shakespeare)|original script]] at Wikisource.

{{Chapter navigation|Hitting the Beach|Tail Cave Exploration}}
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    <title>StarCraft/Strategy Guide</title>
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        <id>3395618</id>
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      <text bytes="5925" sha1="lxbb6698c33llapvkngmsax383n5k8z" xml:space="preserve">== Basic Zerg Strategy ==

The [[Zerg]] have some pretty awesome stuff going for them. To begin with, the Zerg have the unique ability to produce multiple units from only one building! This, combined with the fact that the Zerg's units are relatively cheap to produce, allows for masses of units to be quickly built. Therein lies the Zerg's true power, their units aren't very powerful, but they have a '''lot''' of them. Another interesting asset of the zerg is that '''all''' their units (including buildings) regenerate health over time, for free!

'''The Creep'''

Zerg have what is possibly the most restrictive building requirement in the game. The only buildings that don't require that they be built on the &quot;creep&quot; are the [[StarCraft/Buildings#Hatchery / Lair / Hive|Hatchery]] and the Extractor. The creep is an expanding carpet that originates from Hatcheries; though it can be expanded by [[StarCraft/Buildings#Creep_Colony|Creep Colonies]]. An important thing to remember is that '''any''' Zerg player may build upon any Creep. It doesn't have to be &quot;your&quot; creep. Indeed, players don't own the creep at all.

'''Upgrades'''

Upgrades are essential for the Zerg. Because the Zerg can produce so many units upgrading their attack and defense is very rewarding. [[Zergling]]s fully upgraded with Metabolic Boost, Adrenal Gland and  Melee and Carapace upgrades can devastate an enemy's base before they know they are under attack. Burrowing is an extremely useful ability as it allows any ground unit aside from the Ultralisk and broodling to hide from enemy units. It also makes Zerg very effective at scouting as a burrowed unit can remain unobserved anywhere -unless a detector is nearby or a Terran player does a Scanner Sweep of the area- while still able to see all around.

== Strategies ==
'''Six Pool Rush'''

Send your [[StarCraft/Units#Drone|Drones]] to mine minerals immediately. Start Morphing one of your Larva into another Drone. Quickly send your [[StarCraft/Units#Overlord.28Ovie.29|Overlord]] to explore. Continue to mine and construct more Drones as soon as you have enough minerals. Once you have 6 Drones mining stop producing Drones. Continue to amass minerals until you have 200. The moment your minerals reach 200 produce a [[StarCraft/Buildings#Spawning_Pool|Spawning Pool]]. Build one more Drone while the Spawning Pool completes its morph and send it to mine. When your Spawning Pool completes you should have 3 Larva and at least 150 minerals. Use this to quickly produce six zerglings (two Zerglings hatch from each Egg). As soon as you have your Zerglings, attack your opponent with them. If you haven't already found your opponent with the Overlord the 'lings should find the base quickly. Note that the Six Pool Rush is most effective on smaller maps with few players. If executed properly you can usualy cripple if not outright kill your opponent. If the attack fails, however, your minutes are numbered as you will not have enough time to recover before your opponent finds and kills you. Weigh the ups and the downs of the Six Pool Rush carefully.

'''Four Pool Rush'''

This is essentially the same thing as the Six Pool Rush except that you build no Drones. Simply set your drones to mining and when you reach 200 morph one of them into a spawning pool. Don't build any more drones! When the pool completes you should either have 150 minerals or be extremely close to that total. Again, turn the three Larva into six Zerglings and rush their base. This is even ''faster'' than the Six Pool Rush but should not be attempted unless the map is very small.

'''Multiple Hatcheries'''

In most maps (and especially in &quot;money maps&quot;) it is wise to have many Hatcheries so as to produce even more units even faster. If you have enough minerals also build extra Hatcheries at your expansions, this will allow you to rebuild quickly if your enemy finds a base.

'''Nydus Canal'''

[[StarCraft/Buildings#Nydus_Canal|Nydus Canals]] are buildings that allow ground units to move instantly from one end to another. After constructing the first end of a Nydus Canal you may place the other end on any creep that you can see. This allows you to move quickly from one base to the next so as to defend against attacks. Personally I've found the Nydus Canal to be instrumental in several instances where a Zerg opponent has guarded only the entrance to their base. Either infest a unit with Parasite (a [[StarCraft/Units#Queen|Queen]] ability) or send a pack of Overlords or [[StarCraft/Units#Scourge|Scourge]] to your opponents base so that you can see their creep. Make sure that you have plenty of ground units and a Nydus Canal without an exit placed before you do this. Once you can see the area you are going to build on quickly place the exit of your Nydus Canal. Send all your units through the Canal and destroy as much of their base as possible before they notice you.

==Basic Terran Strategies==

'''Tank Push'''

Like the name, mass siege tanks and place them all near your enemy's base and put them in siege mode. The ones in front should fire at the base, and when more things go &quot;boom&quot;, send the ones in the rear to the front and put them in siege mode and they should start laying waste. Continue until everything is destroyed. Keep a few Goliaths on hand in case of an air counterattack

'''Firebat Rush'''

This tactic is useful against the Protoss Zealots early in the game, but is extremely effective against the Zerg.  Create the requisites for a Firebat quickly (Barracks, Refinery, Academy) and have at least 2 Barracks.  Mass produce Firebats until you have 12 - 18 and rush the enemy base.  This provides a viable alternative to other rushes in that the Firebats, with their 16 firepower, can also defend your base in the case that you get rushed.  With their high firepower, cost-effectiveness, and spread damage, Firebats can easily devastate an enemy base.

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  <page>
    <title>StarCraft/Heroes</title>
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        <id>3395618</id>
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      <text bytes="7387" sha1="jlicrw59a9yhbfc10hkk8kuavbpzkf0" xml:space="preserve">==Terran Heroes==

===Jim Raynor===

Perhaps the most important Terran leader, Raynor leads a militia/terrorist group called Raynor's Raiders, which strikes an alliance with an even more terrorizing group, the Sons of Korhal, in Episode 1 and continues to both help and fight against Terrans, Protoss, and Zerg forces through the rest of StarCraft and Broodwar. 

Jim is StarCraft's ideal of a resourceful, understanding, and at times empathic hero: one who can create an army from the militia of Mar Sara and Antiga Prime; who understands what others are thinking and can work well with them; and who responds as players do to events despite his taxing experiences. He also symbolizes the slight love (in his case, for Sarah Kerrigan) that Blizzard Entertainment provides in the storyline. StarCraft is above all Raynor's story, as he somehow appears in each episode to some significant extent; it is the story of Raynor's meeting with Sarah Kerrigan, loss of her, wars against her, and possibly--that would be a logical progression--reunion with her in StarCraft 2. He is also very sensible, fighting when necessary but retreating when he must, allying with others to what he considers would do him the most good, and forming alliances with the natural partners of the Terrans, the Protoss, through much of BroodWar.

===Sarah Kerrigan===

Sarah Kerrigan was an unwilling participant in the Confederacy's testing of Ghosts (which, according to their flawless perform
ance in the game, seems highly successful, despite lore's reporting that many of the trainees died through such despicable situations as a &quot;final exam&quot; in which the test taker must kill a Marine holding a child hostage before the Marine fires, as told in Liberty's Crusade). After being freed by Mengsk in Uprising, she becomes his loyal servant, saying that she owes her soul to him. This becomes ironic in light of the fact that she loses her soul to the Overmind, who forces her to fight against her supposed savior.

Sarah Kerrigan is actually the smartest character in the game, although possibly tying with Duran (we have yet to see). Coupled with her control of a significant portion of the Swarms, her intellect makes her a dangerous foe. Through much of Brood War, she demonstrates her tacts and skill in diplomacy and intrigue against her foes, whom become convinced that she is their ally before realizing too late that she is only taking advantage of them.

===Arcturus Mengsk===

Mengsk, the leader of the Sons of Korhal, lost his father to a Confederate assassination. Ever since, he has vowed revenge against the oligarchy. After being released from prison, he has continued the firefight on Korhal, which ultimately resulted in the destruction of the planet, his home world, from a planetary barrage of nukes. It is understandable for such a man, bereft of family, to undertake extreme actions to undermine the regime. Despite this setback, however, the man has only become more determined to see the fall of the Confederacy, which does collapse following the successive Zerg infestations of the Koprulu Sector.

Arcturus' ambition is also stellar; after overcoming the Confederacy, he establishes the Terran Dominion with himself as its head, and subsequently directs the war against the Zerg. In Episode 6, Arcturus once again recovers from his lapse in power when he regains control of Tarsonis from a clandestine deal with Kerrigan, and challenges Kerrigan for the final time in The Reckoning.

Arcturus, however, is the one who has willingly sent Kerrigan to what he believed would be certain death on New Gettysburg. Unfortunately for him, she was abducted by the Overmind's minions, brought to Char, and re-hatched as Queen of the Zerg. Through much of the story, Kerrigan puts the blame of her turncoat position on Mengsk, while simultaneously defending her position as one of power and demanding of respect from her enemies.

===Samir Duran===

The inexplicable Duran seems to &quot;Serve a greater power&quot;, by which he most likely refers to the Xel'Nagan legacy or the Overmind's legacy; he seems both separate from the Zerg and its goals and yet immersed in his attempt to create the Hybrid, a blend between Zerg and Protoss to finally unite the purities of form and essence. His attempt to destroy the UED can be seen as a way of fulfilling his goals, although we must look to StarCraft 2 to see how his creations play into the game.

==Zerg Heroes==

===Queen of Blades===

Most Zerg, with the exception of the Overmind, are completely devoid of personality; the one character who does not is Kerrigan, whose character traits come from her human past. Changed into the Queen of the Zerg in Episode 2, Sarah Kerrigan suddenly becomes the most powerful character in the game. Along with her excellent maneuvering skills and warfare strategies, she does not even need to use the majority of her Zerg minions to overcome the UED, Terrans, and Protoss.  In the Starcraft: Brood War expansion game, the infested Kerrigan helps the protoss destroy a new overmind.

==Protoss Heroes==

===Executor Tassadar===

As soon as the Protoss encountered the insidious Zerg, Tassadar was dispatched, along with his Grand Fleet of the Executor, to hunt for the Zerg and destroy planets (sky-blasting--such as the instance in which the Terran battlecruiser was annihilated by a beam of energy, in the introductory cinematic to StarCraft). As the incidents on Chau Sara and then Mar Sara show, this strategy turns out to be inherently unproductive, as the Zerg act much like a cancer, each time metastasizing (spreading to other places) too early for the Protoss to react. Therefore, Tassadar abandoned his fruitless mission.

The new Queen of Blades's psionic call from Char lured Tassadar, along with Zeratul, to the planetary surface, where the two brethren unite for the first time in possibly centuries (quite a long time, considering the entire Protoss race has existed for less than a millennium). From Zeratul, Tassadar learns about the Dark Templars' energies and the Overmind's weakness.

Tassadar is at first unable to convince the Conclave--the Protoss executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government all combined in one--of the importance of his discovery. Through Episode 3, however, Tassadar manages to show the other Protoss the weaknesses in their plans and demonstrates, through slaying Cerebrates, that his plan is the only one with any hope of saving the Protoss race. Tassadar unites with Raynor in the last mission, Slaying the Beast, in which Tassadar sacrifices himself to destroy the Overmind (see the cinematic).

===Fenix===

===Executor Zeratul===

Zeratul represents the Dark Templar and their sensibility, obtained from their encountering many situations throughout their journeys. Zeratul's Dark Templar have their secret stronghold of Shakuras, the twilight planet, and uses that sector as a staging area for his explorations, at one time leading him to a fateful meeting with Tassadar and the subsequent death of the Overmind.

In Episode 4, Zeratul must fight against the Zerg once more, as they infiltrate the planet. Realizing the futility of simply fighting the Zerg, he obtains the two crystals necessary for the activation of the Xel'Naga temple on their homeworld to exterminate all infestations on the planet with minimal losses (see the cinematic).

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    <title>EverQuest/Frequently Asked Questions</title>
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      <text bytes="10655" sha1="4u8qorvr5ekot8124jm3l54s7jtcztm" xml:space="preserve">{{EverQuest/Header}}
{{cleanup}}
== SOE Contact ==

email for bugs: eqtesting@soe.sony.com

SOE Customer Service email address: eqcs@soe.sony.com. 

SOE Customer Service Tel.: 1-858-537-0898 - Monday through Friday, 9am-1:30pm and 3:30pm-6pm PST
==Experience==
=== Experience Bonus ===

Races: 

*Troll/Iksar -20%
*Ogre -15%
*Barbarians -5%
*Halfling +5%
*All other races are a 0% modifier including Vah Shir.

Classes:

*Warriors and Rogues +5% xp modifier

as per: &lt;br&gt;
http://everquest.allakhazam.com/forum.html?forum=1;mid=114135504990473638;num=3;page=1 &lt;br&gt;
and &lt;br&gt;
http://everquest.allakhazam.com/forum.html?forum=1&amp;mid=1105205272716402029

=== Experience calculation ===
In order to calculate the experience gain a four step formula must be followed. -

(1) Calculate group bonus based on the number of PCs in your group

:{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5
| For N=
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
| 5
| 6
|- 
| GB=
| 1.0
| 1.2
| 1.4
| 1.6
| 1.8
| 2.16
|}

(2) HCB = 1; if ML &lt; 55 or PL &lt; 50 or PL-ML &gt; 5&lt;br&gt;
:HCB = 1.95 + ((ML - (PL-5)) * .13); otherwise.

(3) B = ML*ML*ZEM*GB

(4) XP = B * (PL + 5) / (S + (N*5)) * HCB

Where -&lt;br&gt;
:ZEM = Zone Experience Modifier&lt;br&gt;
:ML = Mob Level&lt;br&gt;
:GB = Group Bonus (1)&lt;br&gt;
:HCB = High Con Bonus (2)&lt;br&gt;
:N = number of players in group&lt;br&gt;
:S = sum of levels in group&lt;br&gt;
:PL = player level&lt;br&gt;
:B = Base mob xp (3)&lt;br&gt;
:XP = EXP awarded to player (4)&lt;br&gt;

AAXP is indeed calculated in the exact same way as normal experience above; however, whereas for normal experience the amount of EXP needed to gain a level gets higher every level, for AAXP you always need the same amount to get one(1) AA point. The amount of AAXP needed for one AA point is equivalent to leveling from levels 51 to 52.

=== Group Level Range Calculation ===
What is the maximum level a player can group with and still receive EXP?

&lt;p&gt;&lt;math&gt;MAX=\frac{lvl}{2} + 1 + lvl&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Note: Division is always rounded up.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;For example, a lvl 46 can group with:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{46}{2} + 1 + 46 = 23 +1 +46 = 70&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

==Weapons==
=== Bow Range and Damage Calculations===
Total Range = Bow Range + Arrow Range
Total Base Damage = Bow Damage + Arrow Damage

===Haste Calculations===
There are basically 4 types of haste. Only the maximum of each type will be added into your total haste. 
*Type I: Item Haste (This includes tribute) 
*Type II: Spell Haste 
*Type III: Overhaste (Mostly bard, although some BST spells too) 
*Type IV: Bard speciality overhaste.

== Class Specifics ==

===How many pets a Necro can have?=== 
Necro's start with a standard spell caster pet.
The [[combat ability]] to wake the dead, can raise one pet from one corpse.
The level 68 AA [[Army of the Dead]] which raises 3 pets at level 1, and has three more levels which add 1 pet each. Army of the dead and wake the dead are on the same reuse timer and can not be used at the same time.
[[Swarm of decay]], a level ?? AA, adds one archer per AA level with a maxumum of three levels. 
The Necromancer's epic clicky pet is a big red skeleton. &lt;br&gt;

So in a battle a necro with all the AA's maxed could have 11 pets up at once as follows;

*1 standard pet
*6 army of the dead
*3 swarm of decay
*1 epic pet

The army of the dead, swarm of decay and epic pets despawn rather quickly and are &quot;dumb&quot; pets that are unable to be commanded. [[Suspend minion]] allows a pre-cast pet to be put aside for later use, the pet is not seen, nor can it be used.

== Special Commands ==
=== Audio Triggers ===

Audio triggers are sound effects that are played when certain patterns appear in the chat window. You can make audio triggers to play any sound you want when something you want to be sure not to miss appears in the chat window. This might be /tells from specific friends, certain buffs fading, or any other event you can think of that has a text message associated with it. The window used to configure your Audio Triggers can be accessed via the EQ button -&gt; Actions -&gt; Audio Triggers.

There are a couple key ideas that make up Audio Triggers.

Audio Triggers are a collection of text patterns associated with a sound effect. The window shows a list of all active audio triggers. They are sorted by priority so that the first pattern that matches text in the chat window will be the one and only sound that is played. This allows patterns to be made, for example, &quot;tells you&quot; and &quot;yourbuddy tells you&quot; that may have different sound effects. The &quot;Move Up&quot; and &quot;Move Down&quot; commands allow you to control which patterns will be tested first.

Creating a new trigger is a simple matter of typing text in the &quot;Pattern&quot; field, selecting a sound in the &quot;Sound&quot; control, and pressing &quot;Create&quot;.

The other controls include:

* Apply - changes the sound selected for the current pattern. Note that changing a pattern requires a new pattern to be made.
* Play - plays the currently selected sound again.
* Delete - delete the currently selected trigger.

Trigger Sets

Trigger Sets are similar to choosing a UI skin. Each trigger set represents a set of patterns associated with sounds that is stored on a per-character basis. You can switch trigger sets by selecting the drop-down control and selecting among the listed options. Unless you have installed custom Audio Trigger sets, you will only see the &quot;default&quot; entry.

Each trigger set is stored as a folder in the AudioTrigger folder in your EverQuest directory which can contain .wav files unique to that trigger set. The goal here is to provide a way for the player community to create and share their own Audio Trigger sets that people find useful for different classes or play styles, much like they have done for custom UI skins.

An example of a useful trigger set may be a set of patterns
There are many possibilities. Due to the differences in play styles, there is no way to predict what settings people might prefer so the default settings are empty. We encourage players to discover and share ways to make this a fun part of their gameplay.

Notes on customizing Audio Triggers:

* Any .wav files found in the folder .\AudioTriggers\shared will be made available to all Audio Trigger sets in the Sound selection control. You will probably want to put most of your custom sounds in this folder, unless you are making custom Audio Trigger sets.
* Creating a new Audio Trigger set is similar to making a new UI skin. It's not complicated but it's not built into the UI. Create a folder in .\AudioTriggers\NewTriggerSetName and put any .wav files specific to this trigger set in there, and you will be able to start using the new trigger set the next time the program is started.
* User settings for each Audio Trigger set can be found in .\userdata\AT_TriggerSetName_CharacterName_ServerN ame.ini. You can copy these files to other characters as needed. You will probably want to include a sample of this if you make an Audio Trigger set that you plan to share because this is what contains all the details on each specific trigger pattern and sound.


Here the link to a text to speech website that lets you download the wav file. You also get to choose the type of voice. http://public.research.att.com/~ttsweb/tts/demo.php

=== Veteran rewards ===

Veteran rewards are bonuses given to long time players of Everquest. For every year of paid play time a new reward is unlocked. Some rewards are of dubious value and some are simply whimsical. To check which rewards you are entitled to, type &gt; '''/played''' &lt;.&lt;br&gt;
*Year 1: Lesson of the Devoted-double experience - Buff slot - duration 30 mins - Reuse Timer 1 day
*Year 2: Infusion of the Faithful-maxxed stats and resists (to individual caps), slightly increased Runspeed  - Buf Slot - duration 15 mins - Reuse Timer 1 day
*Year 3: Chaotic Jester-summons an halfling that randomly casts illusions, food ([http://lucy.allakhazam.com/item.html?id=64044 Lucy Link]), drink ([http://lucy.allakhazam.com/item.html?id=64046 Lucy Link]), can heal or give mana - duration 30 mins - Reuse Timer 1 day - As a matter of etiquette ask your groupmates if they would mind the Jester's presence.
*Year 4: Expedient Recovery-summons all corpses and gives 100% rez for all corpses with rez timers - Reuse Timer 7 days
*Year 5: Steadfast Servant-summons an imp that heals and casts an AC and Haste buff - duration 30 mins - Reuse Timer 1 day
*Year 6: Staunch Recovery - full health and mana recovery (mana not for Bards it seems though) - Reuse Timer ?
*Year 7: Intensity of the Resolute-Increased chance of crits - Duration ? - Reuse Timer ?

As of the [[Prophecy of Ro]] expansion(April 19th, 2006 patch message[http://everquest.allakhazam.com/news/sdetail7237.html?story=7237]), all reuse timers have been shortened by four(4)hours.

=== Titles ===

A comprehensive list can be found at http://www.onlinegamecommands.com/everquest/everquestclasstitles.htm

To use titles, depress &quot;Shift T&quot; to bring up the title window. You may select both a prefix and postfix title. It is recommended that your complete title be kept as short as possible so other users can read your name.

=== Surname ===

To obtain a surname there is a minimum level requirement of 20. To change your surname issue the command ''/surname &lt;name&gt;'' which will submit your &lt;name&gt; to the same filter which approves first names. You can change your surname every 7 days.

Note: Petition a game master if your surname has roleplaying potential but is rejected by the name filer it is possible to have either a'''`''', an '''´''' or other special characters in your surname.

== NPC Questions ==
=== Faction numbers ===

Ally (+4) : 1450 to 2500

Warmly (+3) : 1100 to 1450

Kindly (+2) : 750 to 1100

Amiable (+1) : 150 to 750

Indifferent (0) : 0 to 150

Apprehensive (-1) : 0 to -150

Dubious (-2) : -150 to -750

Threateningly (-3) : -750 to -1100

Ready to Attack (-4) : -1100 to -2500

== External links ==
*http://eqforums.station.sony.com/eq/board?board.id=Guides Game guides on the official EQ boards:
*http://forums.interealms.com/shaman/showpost.php?postid=345994&amp;postcount=17 - excellent compiliation of skill modifiers of e.g. stun resists, attack rate etc.
*http://www.everquestroleplayers.com/ for the roleplaying fans. unsure if independent or IGE
*http://www.guildportal.com/ - unsure if independent or IGE
*http://mobhunter.com/ - EQ news
*http://eqinterface.com/ - EQ interfaces
*http://www.eqfashion.com/ - not updated anymore, unsure of owner, shows pics
*http://www.magelo.com/ - character mgmt. tool. premium service
*http://www.eqrankings.com/ - character leaderboards - lets you compare your character to others. good site
*http://lorenorrath.free.fr/ - EQ and Lore

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==Introduction==
'''Warriors''' are the strongest melee characters in MapleStory in terms of raw damage. Warriors also have the largest amount of HP out of all the classes, as well as the highest defense. There are three main types of Warriors: Fighters, Pages, and Spearmen; each having their own pros and cons. 

'''Pros''':
*Warriors are the strongest melee attackers in the game in terms of raw damage.
*Warriors have a huge amount of HP; up to twice as much as the other classes, and Spearmen even more so with their skill &quot;Hyper Body&quot;.
*Warriors have the strongest armours in the game in terms of defense. For example, the level 60 Warrior helm has twice as much defence as the level 60 Magician helm. Fighters and Pages also receive the skill &quot;Power Guard&quot;, which nullfies 40% of the damage they receive and reflects it back to the enemy.
*Because of their high damage, HP, and DEF, Warriors can hunt some higher level monsters more easily.
*Warriors are able to &quot;tank&quot; most monsters.

'''Cons''':
*Other classes such as Bowmen and Assassins attack long-ranged, meaning that they would be able to kill monsters more quickly than Warriors. This can also lead to Warriors being KSed often. To make matters worse, Warriors are also the slowest class in the game in terms of speed.
*Despite their high HP and defense, accuracy remains the downfall of every Warrior. However, Warriors often compensate through the use of &quot;Sniper Potions/Pills&quot; and equipment scrolled with DEX-scrolls.
*Because Warriors have to get up close to the monsters to kill them, they usually end up being hit more often. Therefore, they spend more Mesos on potions. 
*Warriors can wear equipment such as the Jousting Helm that hides the entire head. Even though these helms are high in defense, any NX Cash that was spent to improve facial appearances are sacrificed to some degree unless ''more'' NX Cash is used to cloak the helm.  
*Because Warriors are melee characters and get hit often, low-leveled Warriors spend a lot on HP potions. However, they make up for it later in the game as their defence grows.
'''User Opinions''' (The following are opinions submitted by various players and do not reflect a [[WB:NPOV|neutral point of view]]. They are kept as they add to the information given.)
:I'd have to disagree with this one. Sins have to spend money on stars and MP potions as Lucky7s is their only way to really keep up with everyone in terms of damage. Additionally, Mages have to buy MP potions and Archers need arrows, MP potions, and HP potions. Warriors have the cheapest attacks in the game and best armor, so they don't need as many HP potions. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]]
:Just to add, IMO the skill &quot;Recovering HP increase&quot; makes my warrior pretty cheap, as it means i hardly ever use Potions. - Morris
::I should add that Recovering HP increase is a good skill, but the other warrior skills are MUCH better than it; all warriors will use Power Strike and Slash Blast till 2rd job, and Crusaders and White Knights will use them till 3th job. Because of this, there usually isn't enough points to max out Recovreing HP increase. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]] 19:41, 23 December 2005 (UTC)
:::~Just like to add that warrior is the cheapest job from level 10 to 30 IF you do NOT use blue pots, keep your armour at its best and most importantly STAY at what's the biggest thing you can fight that only does 1 HP damage. It sounds bad, but compared to getting a mage through the first few levels... or a thief of bowman... on these levels the meso and drops you get are FAR TOO LOW to keep thieves and bowmen funded properly. If you use L7, or Double Shot etc... you will likely go broke before level 30 and you really need the funding to reach the 1 hit killing boars stage where things get easier.
:::Oh, and yeah the whole HP regen skill isn't that useful. Most of the time you won't stay still. I'm maxing it tho purely for hate of Final Attack and because it will help with my lagging and in places like El Nath where the cold constantly hurts you, such that I can go afk on any ropes etc and heal 60 HP every 10 seconds, 360 a minute, and by all rights if you can stand to wait a few minutes yeah it can heal you totally pretty fast.
::::I still wouldn't reccomend it tho. ~Marl

==Starting off==
So you want to be a Warrior? You'll have to start at the beginning like everyone else. On the character creation screen, roll the dice until you get 4 in INT and 4 in LUK, which are the &quot;perfect&quot; stats. However, if you do not want to wait until a 4/4, consider stopping at 4 INT and 5 LUK or vice versa. If you want to create the ''perfect'' Warrior, stop rolling when you receive a 12 or more in STR, 4 in INT, and 4 in LUK. However, this is not recommended unless you have another character which can provide substantial financial support to your Warrior.

Choose your character's name and appearance. Your clothing will not matter much as you will have the opportunity to change it at level 10.

Enter the game, complete the tutorial, and voila! You can now fight with Snails and other monsters. Keep training until around level 10, then head to Southperry and head off to Victoria Island to finally become a Warrior!

==First job advancement==

Woohoo! You've finally made it to level 10! Okay, so rush your way off to the town of Southperry, and talk to the man &quot;Shanks&quot; and pay the 150 mesos fee straight to Victoria Island, once you get there, jump off the ship and go to the left of Lith Harbor to see a NPC (Non-playable character) named Phil, talk to him and he will let you go to one of the towns in Victoria Island, with a fee, of course, but Beginners get 90% off (Yay for you!) so rush yourself to Perion and run all the way up to the top of Perion, till you've got to &quot;Dances with Balrog&quot; and he'll turn you into a Warrior. 
[[Image: RoflStats.JPG|frame|right|Here is an example of perfect stats for a Warrior, unless you're going pure STR.]]

==First job training areas==
*Level 10-16: Slimes and Orange Mushrooms are your best bets right now. Go to the town of Ellinia, and go north two rooms to &quot;The Tree That Grew 1.&quot; There are lots of slimes there that give 10 experience per kill. You could also ask someone to show you where it is, if you are lost. You may also want to go to the &quot;Henesys Hunting Ground 1,&quot; which is the first room to the left of Henesys and kill Orange Mushrooms, which give 15 experience per shroom. 
*Level 17-19: Now is where it begins to become a challenge to level up. You could kill Orange Mushrooms at the Henesys Hunting Ground 1, or if you believe that you are strong enough, you could kill Pigs (15 experience per kill) or Ribbon Pigs (20 experience per kill).  They can be found about one or two rooms left of the Henesys Hunting Ground 1. If you plan to kill Pigs over Orange Mushrooms, I suggest you have some backup money to pay for potions. Another great training area is the Rain Forest East of Henesys. There are many pigs and ribbon pigs there.... almost like pig beach.
*Level 20-24: Congratulate yourself for getting to level 20!  Now you can buy weapons and armor that you couldn't purchase before, and kill Pigs with insane ease.  Now you are in for one heck of a challenge. Go to Pig Beach. If you don't know where to find Pig Beach, then follow these simple instructions.
1. Go to the &quot;3-Way Split&quot; between Lith Harbor, Kerning City, and Henesys.

2. If you came from the left side of the screen, go towards the middle then up one level to a large yellow flower patch.

3. There is a hidden teleporter here, towards the middle of the patch, but a little to the right.  Check to see if a teleporter is there by pressing the &quot;up&quot; button on every small step.

Once you get teleported, you are now at Pig Beach, a place where many Pigs, and Ribbon Pigs spawn about every 15 seconds.  NOTE! Bring plenty of potions with you here, for you will get insanely hurt by the constant stampede of Pigs. If you are very unlucky, you will come upon an Iron Pig here (Pig in armor).  Try not to attack him. If you do though, he will follow you alot and hurt you for about 30-60 damage. Also, at your level, you will also miss a lot more than usual on iron hogs, therefore not knocking it back and not delaying it from getting it to you.
*Level 25-29: Now is the time to go to Ellinia Dungeon Stalks in the rooms near Ellinia.  Here you will find Green Mushrooms and Horny Mushrooms which give about 26-32 experience, which is just what we are looking for. Again, bring many potions, as you will be spending much time here. 
If you feel like burning money, go to Fish Resting Spot. Lots of Cicles and Cicos there so you can Slash Blast to your heart's delight, but even with good manuvers you'll be losing some money.
If you get bored of training, you can always to Party Quests in Kerning City.

==Second job advancement==
Once you've hit level 30, congratulations! After many levels of being KSed by almost every other class and levelling at a very slow pace, you will finally receive a well deserved power boost so you can stand on your own.  Your average damage will stabilize at a much higher level, and your HP and defense will let you stand out among all the classes. There are three paths that lie ahead, all leading to their own brilliant glory. However, There's still the second job advance test, an obstacle that must be passed to unlock your true power. You need to prepare for this next step and take the challenge head on.

To reach your test area, you first need to talk to Dances with Balrog, then head west from Perion two screens (where the music changes), then keep heading up until you see a guy standing. Talk to the guy, and he will transport you to your testing area. At the test area, you will be fighting Fire Boars and Lupins. They are different from the everyday Fire Boars and Lupins you will see in Perion and Ellinia. No sir, they're evil, pure evil, all the way to their burning flesh/banana filled stomach (yuck!), and they actually have less HP than their normal counterparts. You will need 43 accuracy to hit them 100% of the time, so if your accuracy is lower, Sniper Pots might do you some good. The lupins are really difficult to bring down ('''WARNING!!! Do NOT use Slash Blast on Lupin; being swarmed with unavoidable attacks that do up to 10% of your max HP is the LEAST thing you would want'''), so you might want to stick with Fire Boars only. In any case, it shouldn't be long before they bite the dust and either drop their evil, sinister mind, in the form of a marble, or just disappear completely into Purgatory. Once you've found your 30 Marbles, talk to the guy inside the test area and he will let you out with Proof of Hero. Now, bring your proof (I thought the proof of courage is supposed to be a tail...), Talk to Bahamut... eh, Dances with Balrog, and you will be able to make your decision to be either a Fighter, a Page, or a Spearman. If you're unsure which path to choose (as most people who are indecisive), don't fret. I will list out their advantages and disadvantages below.

Before level 50, Fighters and Pages are basically the same thing with tiny differences. Spearman, however, suffers from unstability of damage and slow attacking speed, so the other two classes come slightly ahead.

At level 50-70, Fighters gain Rage and become the most damaging class of all Maple Story (I'm talking about average damage: nobody can top Archer in maximum damage, except perhaps a super-duper-powered-up assassin), and Spearman catch up with the ability to use Hyper Body and the fact their damage edge is becoming more significant. Pages, however, suffer from the mediocrity of Threaten, and become the weakest link of the Warrior family.

At level 70+, you will receive your 3rd job advance. Dragon Knights become MUCH faster with Spear Crusher, and though they do not do massive damage in a single hit you do lower damage spread out over ALOT of hits, Crusaders will be known for doing MASSIVE damage from here on, once you've leveled up Combo and preferrably Panic over Coma, you will pwn everyone I know many disagree but listen to my explanation; Crusaders as they use mainly swords(axes on fewer occasions but they do fine if you use axe booster) which are faster then blunt weapons(which are the better choice for White Knights) and spears and polearms, all of these weapons are slower than swords making for faster kills, and swords have the most reliable damage of I think any weapon in the game. This makes most Crusaders both faster AND stronger then other classes.  Now pages,(finally) though they are not known for massive damage they have one thing that would make any Crusader or Spearman A LOT stronger...elements. Pages have the ability to attack with Fire, Ice, and Lightning.  This means that if they find themselves in a situation where a they are surrounded by monsters weak to fire they can whip out their fire attacks, if the situation changes to ice-weak monsters they can quickly adapt to the change. Plus, ice charge freezes the enemy for a second or two. They also have Magic Crash which will allow them cancel out Magic Defense.

So basically: If you're a guy who loves seeing big damage(REALLY big damage), and kill a high level monster such as Lycanthrope in one hit, go for Fighter. If you're a guy who wants to kill a large number of enemies in half the amount of attacks  that it would take to solo them, go for Spearman. If you're a guy who likes to be cool and use elemental attacks, go for Page (which, as I always iterates and then reiterates, is the only subclass of warrior that keeps any vestiges of coolness with them). As for me? My main character isn't a warrior, but I do have one that I plan to become a Page (Like I said, page is the only subclass of warrior that keeps any vestiges of coolness with them - no offence to fighters and spearmen).

Seeing that the 2nd jobs for warrior are so similar, there's really no need to divide into three sections. The unique thing about warrior is that, while most other 2nd jobs must choose one specific weapon, each separation of the warrior guild can choose between two weapons to use:

*Fighters can choose to use either sword or axe;
*Pages can choose to use either sword or mace/blunt weapon;
*Spearmen can choose to use either spear or polearm.

With the exception of Spearmen, it's strongly recommended that you stick with one weapon. Spearmen can choose to either stick with one weapon or go hybrid, meaning to master both weapons.

==Second job training areas==

*Level 30-34: Stick to Ant Tunnel. PS everything exactly once, then finish them off with normal attacks if they aren't dead already. Training is actually quite slow and can be unprofitable, but you should bear it for now. Jr Sentinels works well as an alternative, but it's pretty slow training.

*Level 35-39: Go to Land of Wild Boar II and start mass killing boars. They don't do much damage, and they have drops that are worth quite a bit to the NPCs. Alternatives include Evil Eye Cave, which is fast but burns money a bit, and Jr Sentinels, which earns money quite fast but is unbearably slow on training. Teddies and Pink teddies are also worth a try, generally because there is lots of space, along with good experience and money. 

*Level 40-44: Go to Evil Eye Cave. There are a LOT of evil eyes there, and the map is quite small. Furthermore, you don't have mages bothering you there, and while you will meet the occasional assassin the terrain's terrible for them. You won't earn a lot of money but hey, at least you're training. Alternatives: Fire Boars (bad experience, good money) and Leatties.

*Level 45-49: Go to Dangerous Valley and train on Fire Boars and Copper Drakes for a while. The bottom part and the middle part are generally very good since there are a lot of spawns, but try to go to a map with two people already there (you'll be the third person) so you don't have to run around to kill things. You can also try Dark Leatties or Jr Kitties, but the former isn't really good for money and the latter is rather slow, and you'll get KSed a lot.

*Level 50-54: You can either go to Cloud Park IV or Jr Yetis. Jr Yetis are considered a bit better because there are a LOT of them over there, so you can slash blast to your heart's delight. Cloud Park IV is more focused on single attack, but Lunar and Star Pixies are not hard to kill and have decent drops. Fighting Platoon Chronos in Lost Time &lt;1&gt; or The Road of Time &lt;1&gt; is also a possibility.

*Level 55-59: Jr Yetis, Cloud Park VI, or Drake's Meal Table. Jr Yeti is still quite nice for money, Cloud Park VI is decent experience and decent profit, while Drake's Meal Table is just plain awesome experience.

*Level 60-69: Remember Drake's Meal Table? If you have Power Guard, it now switches from awesome experience and little profit to decent experience and HECK OF A LOT OF profit. Hectors are another good choice for decent experience and decent profit (and works well for Spearman as well, unlike DMT). Zombies are generally good experience, but... trying to find an empty map is like trying to find a needle in a haystack, and trying to keep rude assassins from KSing you is like trying to keep a mad dog from trying to bite you. White Pang also works, but I wouldn't recommend it. A great place to also go around at 65+ is the Sanctuary Entrance II, with floods of Cold Eyes and Tauromacis, ready to be defeated. Very good drops there.

==Information on DEX==

A big controversy in warrior build is the DEX Cap. Reason? While DEX helps out on damage, it doesn't help out a whole lot. The whole point of DEX is your accuracy, because well, I'd rather do 2000 damage to a monster every time than do 3000 damage to a monster half the time while seeing a big fat MISS the other half of the time, wouldn't you? However, you will also want to keep your damage as high as possible. Therefore, it is an art to keep the DEX you have just as much as you need, so you'll have no problem hitting everything while doing as high damage as possible under that condition.

First of all, the whole point of DEX is to increase your accuracy - an individual stat is dependent on not only DEX but other issues. So, I will list out what you can do to affect accuracy:

*Adding points into DEX (Very obvious)
*Adding points into LUK (Not recommended. You need accuracy more than avoidability, and LUK adds avoidability more than accuracy)
*Mastery skill (provides a +20 accuracy at max. It's a passive skill, so don't worry much about it)
*Scrolling shoes for DEX (Not really recommended since they add more avoidabiilty than accuracy, but the accuracy bonus it gives beats shoes for Jump)
*Scrolling shoes for Jump (60% gives 1 DEX and 10% gives 3 DEX, and while the accuracy bonus it gives is worse than shoes for DEX, you gain some jump and possibly speed as well which is always nice things)
*Scrolling overall for DEX (A prime source of DEX for level 80+ and most low DEX warriors)
*Scrolling cape for DEX (Depending on the price of STR cape scrolls and DEX cape scrolls)
*Scrolling glove for DEX (Not recommended. You'd do better to put points into DEX and get an attack glove)
*Drinking Sniper Potions (+5 accuracy for 3 minutes. Don't grow too dependent on it.)
*Sniper Pills (+10 accuracy for 10 minutes, but only available in the Ludibrium potion store. They're cheaper and more effective though.)
*Having a Cleric cast Bless (+20 accuracy for 200 seconds, but it cancels out any sniper pills/potions)

As you can see, adding DEX is not the only option of raising accuracy. But, how exactly do you know how much accuracy you'll need?

Here's a formula:

*Level difference = Monster Level - Your Level
*If level difference &lt; 0, then level difference = 0
*Hit Ratio = Accuracy - Avoidability * (1.84 + level difference * 43 / 6) / (Avoidability * 1.84 + level difference * 43 / 6) * 100% (This formula is based on an estimation of[http://glue.umd.edu/~mdevries/acc.html] or [http://rain.prohosting.com/~maoserr/acc/acc.html] )
*If Hit Ratio &gt; 100%, Hit Ratio = 100%
*If Hit Ratio &lt; 0%, Hit Ratio = 0%

Sounds complicated? Actually, it's not. Generally, if you want to 100% hit an enemy, you will need more accuracy than 3.68 times the monster's avoidability on the same level as you or less.

Knowing this, you should be able to know exactly when to add more DEX as you progress. You will need 111 accuracy to fully hit an Yepe at level 78+ (Recommend level 80+ so you can save DEX by scrolling the overall instead), 140 accuracy to hit Bains on level 90+, and 148 accuracy to hit Crimson Balrog on level 100+.

'''User Opinions''' (The following are opinions submitted by various players and do not reflect a [[WB:NPOV|neutral point of view]]. They are kept as they add to the information given.)

(wrong, WRONG! DEXed gloves is 100% better than attack gloves. DEXed gloves add accuracy AND DEX. Each point of DEX only add 0.8 accuracy. So considering the accuracy by DEX gloves AND the DEX added is definitely better than weapon attack.)
:Attack gloves are far better. Adding weapon attack is the equivalent of 3-4 STR per attack point, possibly more or less at varying levels. 3-4 DEX = 2.4-3.2 accuracy, about what a 60% glove DEX scroll would add, compared to a single point of weapon attack.

As far as I can tell you really don't need more than 60-70 DEX. At L50 to 65 when you'll be mostly training on zombies and pixies having only 70 DEX poses no problem whatsoever. Especially if you have nice DEX equips. Remember warriors are the only SINGLE stat class in Maplestory, where in theory you'd only need STR to put on your armour. Best way to own is to put as much as you can in STR instead of DEX. 
An alternate guide can be found at [[MapleStory/Warrior Guide Alternate]]

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==Introduction==
'''Warriors''' are the strongest melee characters in MapleStory in terms of raw damage. Warriors also have the largest amount of HP out of all the classes, as well as the highest defense. There are three main types of Warriors: Fighters, Pages, and Spearmen; each having their own pros and cons. 

'''Pros''':
*Warriors are the strongest melee attackers in the game in terms of raw damage.
*Warriors have a huge amount of HP; up to twice as much as the other classes, and Spearmen even more so with their skill &quot;Hyper Body&quot;.
*Warriors have the strongest armours in the game in terms of defense. For example, the level 60 Warrior helm has twice as much defence as the level 60 Magician helm. Fighters and Pages also receive the skill &quot;Power Guard&quot;, which nullfies 40% of the damage they receive and reflects it back to the enemy.
*Because of their high damage, HP, and DEF, Warriors can hunt some higher level monsters more easily.
*Warriors are able to &quot;tank&quot; most monsters.

'''Cons''':
*Other classes such as Bowmen and Assassins attack long-ranged, meaning that they would be able to kill monsters more quickly than Warriors. This can also lead to Warriors being KSed often. To make matters worse, Warriors are also the slowest class in the game in terms of speed.
*Despite their high HP and defense, accuracy remains the downfall of every Warrior. However, Warriors often compensate through the use of &quot;Sniper Potions/Pills&quot; and equipment scrolled with DEX-scrolls.
*Because Warriors have to get up close to the monsters to kill them, they usually end up being hit more often. Therefore, they spend more Mesos on potions. 
*Warriors can wear equipment such as the Jousting Helm that hides the entire head. Even though these helms are high in defense, any NX Cash that was spent to improve facial appearances are sacrificed to some degree unless ''more'' NX Cash is used to cloak the helm.  
*Because Warriors are melee characters and get hit often, low-leveled Warriors spend a lot on HP potions. However, they make up for it later in the game as their defence grows.
'''User Opinions''' (The following are opinions submitted by various players and do not reflect a [[WB:NPOV|neutral point of view]]. They are kept as they add to the information given.)
:I'd have to disagree with this one. Sins have to spend money on stars and MP potions as Lucky7s is their only way to really keep up with everyone in terms of damage. Additionally, Mages have to buy MP potions and Archers need arrows, MP potions, and HP potions. Warriors have the cheapest attacks in the game and best armor, so they don't need as many HP potions. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]]
:Just to add, IMO the skill &quot;Recovering HP increase&quot; makes my warrior pretty cheap, as it means i hardly ever use Potions. - Morris
::I should add that Recovering HP increase is a good skill, but the other warrior skills are MUCH better than it; all warriors will use Power Strike and Slash Blast till 2rd job, and Crusaders and White Knights will use them till 3th job. Because of this, there usually isn't enough points to max out Recovreing HP increase. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]] 19:41, 23 December 2005 (UTC)
:::~Just like to add that warrior is the cheapest job from level 10 to 30 IF you do NOT use blue pots, keep your armour at its best and most importantly STAY at what's the biggest thing you can fight that only does 1 HP damage. It sounds bad, but compared to getting a mage through the first few levels... or a thief of bowman... on these levels the meso and drops you get are FAR TOO LOW to keep thieves and bowmen funded properly. If you use L7, or Double Shot etc... you will likely go broke before level 30 and you really need the funding to reach the 1 hit killing boars stage where things get easier.
:::Oh, and yeah the whole HP regen skill isn't that useful. Most of the time you won't stay still. I'm maxing it tho purely for hate of Final Attack and because it will help with my lagging and in places like El Nath where the cold constantly hurts you, such that I can go afk on any ropes etc and heal 60 HP every 10 seconds, 360 a minute, and by all rights if you can stand to wait a few minutes yeah it can heal you totally pretty fast.
::::I still wouldn't reccomend it tho. ~Marl

==Starting off==
So you want to be a Warrior? You'll have to start at the beginning like everyone else. On the character creation screen, roll the dice until you get 4 in INT and 4 in LUK, which are the &quot;perfect&quot; stats. However, if you do not want to wait until a 4/4, consider stopping at 4 INT and 5 LUK or vice versa. If you want to create the ''perfect'' Warrior, stop rolling when you receive a 12 or more in STR, 4 in INT, and 4 in LUK. However, this is not recommended unless you have another character which can provide substantial financial support to your Warrior.

Choose your character's name and appearance. Your clothing will not matter much as you will have the opportunity to change it at level 10.

Enter the game, complete the tutorial, and voila! You can now fight with Snails and other monsters. Keep training until around level 10, then head to Southperry and head off to Victoria Island to finally become a Warrior!

==First job advancement==

Woohoo! You've finally made it to level 10! Okay, so rush your way off to the town of Southperry, and talk to the man &quot;Shanks&quot; and pay the 150 mesos fee straight to Victoria Island, once you get there, jump off the ship and go to the left of Lith Harbor to see a NPC (Non-playable character) named Phil, talk to him and he will let you go to one of the towns in Victoria Island, with a fee, of course, but Beginners get 90% off (Yay for you!) so rush yourself to Perion and run all the way up to the top of Perion, till you've got to &quot;Dances with Balrog&quot; and he'll turn you into a Warrior. 
[[Image: RoflStats.JPG|frame|right|Here is an example of perfect stats for a Warrior, unless you're going pure STR.]]

==First job training areas==
*Level 10-16: Slimes and Orange Mushrooms are your best bets right now. Go to the town of Ellinia, and go north two rooms to &quot;The Tree That Grew 1.&quot; There are lots of slimes there that give 10 experience per kill. You could also ask someone to show you where it is, if you are lost. You may also want to go to the &quot;Henesys Hunting Ground 1,&quot; which is the first room to the left of Henesys and kill Orange Mushrooms, which give 15 experience per shroom. 
*Level 17-19: Now is where it begins to become a challenge to level up. You could kill Orange Mushrooms at the Henesys Hunting Ground 1, or if you believe that you are strong enough, you could kill Pigs (15 experience per kill) or Ribbon Pigs (20 experience per kill).  They can be found about one or two rooms left of the Henesys Hunting Ground 1. If you plan to kill Pigs over Orange Mushrooms, I suggest you have some backup money to pay for potions. Another great training area is the Rain Forest East of Henesys. There are many pigs and ribbon pigs there.... almost like pig beach.
*Level 20-24: Congratulate yourself for getting to level 20!  Now you can buy weapons and armor that you couldn't purchase before, and kill Pigs with insane ease.  Now you are in for one heck of a challenge. Go to Pig Beach. If you don't know where to find Pig Beach, then follow these simple instructions.
1. Go to the &quot;3-Way Split&quot; between Lith Harbor, Kerning City, and Henesys.

2. If you came from the left side of the screen, go towards the middle then up one level to a large yellow flower patch.

3. There is a hidden teleporter here, towards the middle of the patch, but a little to the right.  Check to see if a teleporter is there by pressing the &quot;up&quot; button on every small step.

Once you get teleported, you are now at Pig Beach, a place where many Pigs, and Ribbon Pigs spawn about every 15 seconds.  NOTE! Bring plenty of potions with you here, for you will get insanely hurt by the constant stampede of Pigs. If you are very unlucky, you will come upon an Iron Pig here (Pig in armor).  Try not to attack him. If you do though, he will follow you alot and hurt you for about 30-60 damage. Also, at your level, you will also miss a lot more than usual on iron hogs, therefore not knocking it back and not delaying it from getting it to you.
*Level 25-29: Now is the time to go to Ellinia Dungeon Stalks in the rooms near Ellinia.  Here you will find Green Mushrooms and Horny Mushrooms which give about 26-32 experience, which is just what we are looking for. Again, bring many potions, as you will be spending much time here. 
If you feel like burning money, go to Fish Resting Spot. Lots of Cicles and Cicos there so you can Slash Blast to your heart's delight, but even with good manuvers you'll be losing some money.
If you get bored of training, you can always to Party Quests in Kerning City.

==Second job advancement==
Once you've hit level 30, congratulations! After many levels of being KSed by almost every other class and levelling at a very slow pace, you will finally receive a well deserved power boost so you can stand on your own.  Your average damage will stabilize at a much higher level, and your HP and defense will let you stand out among all the classes. There are three paths that lie ahead, all leading to their own brilliant glory. However, There's still the second job advance test, an obstacle that must be passed to unlock your true power. You need to prepare for this next step and take the challenge head on.

To reach your test area, you first need to talk to Dances with Balrog, then head west from Perion two screens (where the music changes), then keep heading up until you see a guy standing. Talk to the guy, and he will transport you to your testing area. At the test area, you will be fighting Fire Boars and Lupins. They are different from the everyday Fire Boars and Lupins you will see in Perion and Ellinia. No sir, they're evil, pure evil, all the way to their burning flesh/banana filled stomach (yuck!), and they actually have less HP than their normal counterparts. You will need 43 accuracy to hit them 100% of the time, so if your accuracy is lower, Sniper Pots might do you some good. The lupins are really difficult to bring down ('''WARNING!!! Do NOT use Slash Blast on Lupin; being swarmed with unavoidable attacks that do up to 10% of your max HP is the LEAST thing you would want'''), so you might want to stick with Fire Boars only. In any case, it shouldn't be long before they bite the dust and either drop their evil, sinister mind, in the form of a marble, or just disappear completely into Purgatory. Once you've found your 30 Marbles, talk to the guy inside the test area and he will let you out with Proof of Hero. Now, bring your proof (I thought the proof of courage is supposed to be a tail...), Talk to Bahamut... eh, Dances with Balrog, and you will be able to make your decision to be either a Fighter, a Page, or a Spearman. If you're unsure which path to choose (as most people who are indecisive), don't fret. I will list out their advantages and disadvantages below.

Before level 50, Fighters and Pages are basically the same thing with tiny differences. Spearman, however, suffers from unstability of damage and slow attacking speed, so the other two classes come slightly ahead.

At level 50-70, Fighters gain Rage and become the most damaging class of all Maple Story (I'm talking about average damage: nobody can top Archer in maximum damage, except perhaps a super-duper-powered-up assassin), and Spearman catch up with the ability to use Hyper Body and the fact their damage edge is becoming more significant. Pages, however, suffer from the mediocrity of Threaten, and become the weakest link of the Warrior family.

At level 70+, you will receive your 3rd job advance. Dragon Knights become MUCH faster with Spear Crusher, and though they do not do massive damage in a single hit you do lower damage spread out over ALOT of hits, Crusaders will be known for doing MASSIVE damage from here on, once you've leveled up Combo and preferably Panic over Coma, you will pwn everyone I know many disagree but listen to my explanation; Crusaders as they use mainly swords(axes on fewer occasions but they do fine if you use axe booster) which are faster than blunt weapons(which are the better choice for White Knights) and spears and polearms, all of these weapons are slower than swords making for faster kills, and swords have the most reliable damage of I think any weapon in the game. This makes most Crusaders both faster AND stronger then other classes.  Now pages,(finally) though they are not known for massive damage they have one thing that would make any Crusader or Spearman A LOT stronger...elements. Pages have the ability to attack with Fire, Ice, and Lightning.  This means that if they find themselves in a situation where a they are surrounded by monsters weak to fire they can whip out their fire attacks, if the situation changes to ice-weak monsters they can quickly adapt to the change. Plus, ice charge freezes the enemy for a second or two. They also have Magic Crash which will allow them cancel out Magic Defense.

So basically: If you're a guy who loves seeing big damage(REALLY big damage), and kill a high level monster such as Lycanthrope in one hit, go for Fighter. If you're a guy who wants to kill a large number of enemies in half the amount of attacks  that it would take to solo them, go for Spearman. If you're a guy who likes to be cool and use elemental attacks, go for Page (which, as I always iterates and then reiterates, is the only subclass of warrior that keeps any vestiges of coolness with them). As for me? My main character isn't a warrior, but I do have one that I plan to become a Page (Like I said, page is the only subclass of warrior that keeps any vestiges of coolness with them - no offence to fighters and spearmen).

Seeing that the 2nd jobs for warrior are so similar, there's really no need to divide into three sections. The unique thing about warrior is that, while most other 2nd jobs must choose one specific weapon, each separation of the warrior guild can choose between two weapons to use:

*Fighters can choose to use either sword or axe;
*Pages can choose to use either sword or mace/blunt weapon;
*Spearmen can choose to use either spear or polearm.

With the exception of Spearmen, it's strongly recommended that you stick with one weapon. Spearmen can choose to either stick with one weapon or go hybrid, meaning to master both weapons.

==Second job training areas==

*Level 30-34: Stick to Ant Tunnel. PS everything exactly once, then finish them off with normal attacks if they aren't dead already. Training is actually quite slow and can be unprofitable, but you should bear it for now. Jr Sentinels works well as an alternative, but it's pretty slow training.

*Level 35-39: Go to Land of Wild Boar II and start mass killing boars. They don't do much damage, and they have drops that are worth quite a bit to the NPCs. Alternatives include Evil Eye Cave, which is fast but burns money a bit, and Jr Sentinels, which earns money quite fast but is unbearably slow on training. Teddies and Pink teddies are also worth a try, generally because there is lots of space, along with good experience and money. 

*Level 40-44: Go to Evil Eye Cave. There are a LOT of evil eyes there, and the map is quite small. Furthermore, you don't have mages bothering you there, and while you will meet the occasional assassin the terrain's terrible for them. You won't earn a lot of money but hey, at least you're training. Alternatives: Fire Boars (bad experience, good money) and Leatties.

*Level 45-49: Go to Dangerous Valley and train on Fire Boars and Copper Drakes for a while. The bottom part and the middle part are generally very good since there are a lot of spawns, but try to go to a map with two people already there (you'll be the third person) so you don't have to run around to kill things. You can also try Dark Leatties or Jr Kitties, but the former isn't really good for money and the latter is rather slow, and you'll get KSed a lot.

*Level 50-54: You can either go to Cloud Park IV or Jr Yetis. Jr Yetis are considered a bit better because there are a LOT of them over there, so you can slash blast to your heart's delight. Cloud Park IV is more focused on single attack, but Lunar and Star Pixies are not hard to kill and have decent drops. Fighting Platoon Chronos in Lost Time &lt;1&gt; or The Road of Time &lt;1&gt; is also a possibility.

*Level 55-59: Jr Yetis, Cloud Park VI, or Drake's Meal Table. Jr Yeti is still quite nice for money, Cloud Park VI is decent experience and decent profit, while Drake's Meal Table is just plain awesome experience.

*Level 60-69: Remember Drake's Meal Table? If you have Power Guard, it now switches from awesome experience and little profit to decent experience and HECK OF A LOT OF profit. Hectors are another good choice for decent experience and decent profit (and works well for Spearman as well, unlike DMT). Zombies are generally good experience, but... trying to find an empty map is like trying to find a needle in a haystack, and trying to keep rude assassins from KSing you is like trying to keep a mad dog from trying to bite you. White Pang also works, but I wouldn't recommend it. A great place to also go around at 65+ is the Sanctuary Entrance II, with floods of Cold Eyes and Tauromacis, ready to be defeated. Very good drops there.

==Information on DEX==

A big controversy in warrior build is the DEX Cap. Reason? While DEX helps out on damage, it doesn't help out a whole lot. The whole point of DEX is your accuracy, because well, I'd rather do 2000 damage to a monster every time than do 3000 damage to a monster half the time while seeing a big fat MISS the other half of the time, wouldn't you? However, you will also want to keep your damage as high as possible. Therefore, it is an art to keep the DEX you have just as much as you need, so you'll have no problem hitting everything while doing as high damage as possible under that condition.

First of all, the whole point of DEX is to increase your accuracy - an individual stat is dependent on not only DEX but other issues. So, I will list out what you can do to affect accuracy:

*Adding points into DEX (Very obvious)
*Adding points into LUK (Not recommended. You need accuracy more than avoidability, and LUK adds avoidability more than accuracy)
*Mastery skill (provides a +20 accuracy at max. It's a passive skill, so don't worry much about it)
*Scrolling shoes for DEX (Not really recommended since they add more avoidabiilty than accuracy, but the accuracy bonus it gives beats shoes for Jump)
*Scrolling shoes for Jump (60% gives 1 DEX and 10% gives 3 DEX, and while the accuracy bonus it gives is worse than shoes for DEX, you gain some jump and possibly speed as well which is always nice things)
*Scrolling overall for DEX (A prime source of DEX for level 80+ and most low DEX warriors)
*Scrolling cape for DEX (Depending on the price of STR cape scrolls and DEX cape scrolls)
*Scrolling glove for DEX (Not recommended. You'd do better to put points into DEX and get an attack glove)
*Drinking Sniper Potions (+5 accuracy for 3 minutes. Don't grow too dependent on it.)
*Sniper Pills (+10 accuracy for 10 minutes, but only available in the Ludibrium potion store. They're cheaper and more effective though.)
*Having a Cleric cast Bless (+20 accuracy for 200 seconds, but it cancels out any sniper pills/potions)

As you can see, adding DEX is not the only option of raising accuracy. But, how exactly do you know how much accuracy you'll need?

Here's a formula:

*Level difference = Monster Level - Your Level
*If level difference &lt; 0, then level difference = 0
*Hit Ratio = Accuracy - Avoidability * (1.84 + level difference * 43 / 6) / (Avoidability * 1.84 + level difference * 43 / 6) * 100% (This formula is based on an estimation of[http://glue.umd.edu/~mdevries/acc.html] or [http://rain.prohosting.com/~maoserr/acc/acc.html] )
*If Hit Ratio &gt; 100%, Hit Ratio = 100%
*If Hit Ratio &lt; 0%, Hit Ratio = 0%

Sounds complicated? Actually, it's not. Generally, if you want to 100% hit an enemy, you will need more accuracy than 3.68 times the monster's avoidability on the same level as you or less.

Knowing this, you should be able to know exactly when to add more DEX as you progress. You will need 111 accuracy to fully hit an Yepe at level 78+ (Recommend level 80+ so you can save DEX by scrolling the overall instead), 140 accuracy to hit Bains on level 90+, and 148 accuracy to hit Crimson Balrog on level 100+.

'''User Opinions''' (The following are opinions submitted by various players and do not reflect a [[WB:NPOV|neutral point of view]]. They are kept as they add to the information given.)

(wrong, WRONG! DEXed gloves is 100% better than attack gloves. DEXed gloves add accuracy AND DEX. Each point of DEX only add 0.8 accuracy. So considering the accuracy by DEX gloves AND the DEX added is definitely better than weapon attack.)
:Attack gloves are far better. Adding weapon attack is the equivalent of 3-4 STR per attack point, possibly more or less at varying levels. 3-4 DEX = 2.4-3.2 accuracy, about what a 60% glove DEX scroll would add, compared to a single point of weapon attack.

As far as I can tell you really don't need more than 60-70 DEX. At L50 to 65 when you'll be mostly training on zombies and pixies having only 70 DEX poses no problem whatsoever. Especially if you have nice DEX equips. Remember warriors are the only SINGLE stat class in Maplestory, where in theory you'd only need STR to put on your armour. Best way to own is to put as much as you can in STR instead of DEX. 
An alternate guide can be found at [[MapleStory/Warrior Guide Alternate]]

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This page contains a listing of some Frequently Asked Questions.  If you have a question that is not answered anywhere else in this book, please add it to the relevant section here and you should receive a reply within a few days.  Questions may be removed at the discretion of the [[../Authors|authors and editors]]. (For example, price checks and questions that only pertain to a very small group of Maplers do not belong here.)

= New Questions =
If you have a question, please ask it here. It will be answered as soon as possible.

Hotmail accounts are not being accepted to make new acc anymore, will this change?

They have fixed the error with hotmail, you can try resending to code now.

How are Game Masters selected in MapleSEA?

what does it mean by &quot;move&quot; in maplestory on each characters account?

= General Questions =
==What are the Minimum system requirements, and where can I find them? ==
The requirments for MapleStory can be found at the download page on Mapleglobal.com.

CPU: Celeron 500 MHz&lt;br&gt;
RAM: 64 MB&lt;br&gt;
HDD: 500 MB space needed&lt;br&gt;
OS: Windows 98/ME/2K/XP&lt;br&gt;
VGA: 3d acceleration card&lt;br&gt;
Sound: -&lt;br&gt;
Network: 56kbps MODEM&lt;br&gt;

~Noted I originally started on 800Mhz and 64 MB RAM and... let's just say run double the recommended speed and RAM if you don't want to disconnect between screens XD But yeah, it will run, just really badly...

==Can I choose a another character without quit game and log in again?==
No.  You must go to &quot;Quit Game&quot; and then log in again to switch to another character.

== What should I do about disconnections? ==

There are some areas in the game where hackers have actually been able to force anyone who logs in to immediately disconnect from the game. The Sauna area in Sleepywood is one known area for this*. The best way to escape the map in this situation is to cause as much lag on purpose; and then walk out of the portal while you are in the lag.

For example, start downloading 20 [[w:YouTube|YouTube]] videos at once, or turn on [[w:BitTorrent|BitTorrent]] at a max upload rate, or do both. Then hold down the quest button as you walk out of the Sauna. Another possible solution is to connect using an old modem, or a phone modem. You should disconnect one last time, and you'll be able to play again.

The Sleepywood Sauna is the only verified place to have this occur. There is no known solution for any other area in MapleStory.

*A hacker by the name of [please fill in name here I forgot it] used a special sort of vac-hack to pull all the npc's in the game to that location, so when a user walked in, they disconnected, or d/c'ed. This hacker also did it in other areas, too. He announced what areas would be &quot;disconnection hotspot&quot;. These places are usually small, and places that sold exclusive items like weapon shops.

~I've seen this done in Perion also. It's just not very common now... whoever was doing it must have gotten bored....

Another reason I often disconnect is generally slow power computer or moving between too many screens. Resetting when you crash helps clear the RAM so you won't disconnect again as soon.

== Is MapleStory appropriate for young children? ==
MapleStory is a game suitable for all ages. However, the players may not be. There is a very strict &quot;curse word filter&quot; that blocks certain curse words, even if the curse word is separated with a space. For example, the phrase &quot;Bush italics&quot; is blocked, even with the space in the middle (hint: look at the end of &quot;Bush&quot; and beginning of &quot;italics&quot;).

Nonetheless, there are always the users bringing on immature jokes and trying to bypass the curse word filter; but that is to be expected in any community-based game.

It should also be noted that the &quot;c word&quot; is sometimes used.

There is no suggestive artwork; everything is done &quot;Chibi-style&quot; or Super Deformed, a popular anime/manga style in which characters are 3 heads tall and the overall style is very cute. There is no blood or gore; the violence level is equivalent to early Megaman games (enemies fall over and disappear). Death in the game is comical: a little ghost-shape replaces your avatar, and your chat bubble becomes a thought bubble.

There are no &quot;surprises&quot; in this game such as there are in [[w:Resident Evil|Resident Evil]].

In terms of difficulty, the base gameplay is easy enough for a 5-year-old to learn. However, some advanced stuff such as watching the market and trying to sell your ores at the correct price, or avoiding scammers who'll trick you into thinking an item is cheap when it is instead very rare, may be over the head for a child.

~Be warned users also swear, insult, harrass... there's quite a few who are only on Maple to harrass people for fun. The main problem with online games is, quite simply, the fact that you cannot control what the other people do. No amount of swear filtering stops people being racist, for example, and it does happen. But the game itself is very well built considering all that.

== How do you save? ==
In most single-player games, you must save the game otherwise your progress will be lost.  As this game is online, progress does not need to be saved.  If you leave the game or get disconnected, you will be back in the same location(map that you were in) once you reconnect.

== What are these different versions of MapleStory? ==
MapleStory is different in different parts of the world. Therefore, each of the versions are given a name based on where they are.
   
* Official MapleStory South Korea [KoreaMS/kMS] (in Korean)
* Official MapleStory Japan [JapanMS/jMS] (in Japanese)
* Official MapleStory China [ChinaMS/cMS] (in Simplified Chinese)
* Official MapleStory Taiwan [TaiwanMS/twMS] (in Traditional Chinese)
* Official MapleStory Thailand [ThailandMS/thMS] (in Thai)
* Official MapleStory Global [GlobalMS/gMS] (in English)
* Official MapleStory South East Asia/SEA for Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand [MapleSEA/MSEA] (in English)
* Closed-Beta MapleStory Europe (in multilanguage eg. Dutch, English, French, etc. European languages only however)
* Tester/Beta MapleStory Global [GlobalMS Tespia] Closed - East Gateway June 2005, West Gateway 16 November 2005 
* Tester MapleStory South Korea [KoreaMS Tespia]

Thailand residents can play both MapleStory SEA and MapleStory Thailand.

== How do I access the MapleStory website without using Internet Explorer? ==
The MapleStory Global website checks to see if the browser you are using is Internet Explorer or not.  If it isn't, it will block you from accessing the website.  This check is done using Javascript, so to access the website you need to disable Javascript.  You will need to reenable Javascript once you are done to continue browsing other websites as some may not work properly without Javascript.

Disabling Javascript varies between browsers.  If using Firefox, click on the &quot;Tools&quot; menu, then select &quot;Options&quot;.  Click the &quot;Content&quot; button and there should be a number of checkboxes to enable/disable certain features.  Clear the checkbox beside Javascript, and select &quot;OK&quot;.  Now, when you visit the website it should allow you in. 

Another option is to download the IE Tab extension from the Mozilla website. Once downloaded, select the Sites Filter tab from the top, then add the MapleGlobal website to the URL list. Make sure that the box at the top of the window is checked.

== Taxes? Why taxes? ==
Taxes in MapleStory sounds like quite a bad idea. However, looking at the economic structure of the MapleStory community, we have a source of infinite income (killing monsters) and at the same time, no sources of taking money out of the economy.

Just as the federal government raises interest rates to control inflation, Wizet decided to implement a tax system to curb inflation. Inflation occurs when everyone is richer, but there is still not enough items for everyone. For example, if everyone has 2,000,000 Mesos, and there are 30 +10 ATK work gloves in all of MapleStory, most people will only be able to offer 2,000,000 Mesos because that's all they have.

But if the whole world just trained and trained, you have a situation where the whole world gets 20,000,000 Mesos instead of 2,000,000. This is the case in MapleStory. Given enough time, you will reach an infinite amount of Mesos. Regardless if the typical user had 2,000,000 Mesos or 20,000,000 Mesos, there are still only 30 +10 ATK work gloves. Because of this, work gloves will skyrocket in price to the 20,000,000 Meso range.

Having a tax system is a smart way to make everyone in the world more poor, to counteract this inflation. If the world went from 2,000,000 Mesos to 1,000,000 Mesos, then work gloves will drop in price. Additionally, this gives an edge to the lower-level characters in MapleStory. As players reach higher levels, they earn more money faster. Thus, we don't have a case where everyone has 2,000,000 Mesos, we have a case where 30 people have 20,000,000 Mesos who can buy that +10 ATK work glove, while the rest of the community can't. By making the taxes higher for more expensive purchases, this serves to even the playing field out a little between high level players, and low level players.

The main disadvantage of taxes comes when pure Meso transactions are involved, i.e. lending a friend 2 million Mesos. Mesos will be lost although no actual sale took place.

Taxes are usually circumvented in MapleStory by dropping Mesos in isolated loactions or paying in rates lower than the tax rate. This applies to all players that have trustworthy trade partners.

==Maple Story Doesn't Work/Doesn't Run Smoothly...==
*Check the system requirements.
*The system requirements listed are minimum requirements. Minimum requirements are only enough to get the program running. For better performance, get a system that at least doubles the requirements.
*Close all other programs.
*Run virus scans and check for spyware, adware, and other programs that secretly run in the background.
*Occasionally, Maple Story is updated. This means download the latest version or patch, or wait for the update to finish.

~One more thing... tho I already mentioned it. After a while your RAM memory fills with loaded screens, character info etc... if you find yourself disconnecting or lagging heavily try shutting down the computer to empty the RAM, then reboot it. That usually helps.


what does it mean by &quot;move&quot; in maplestory on each characters account.

= Gameplay =
==How do you activate a skill?==
Open your skills window (usually by pressing the &quot;K&quot; key) and you can see the list of your skills. Now open your key settings window (usually by pressing the &quot;\&quot; key) and click on the skill icon you want to asign to the key on your keyboard. A faint image will follow your mouse after clicking on the skill icon. Move your mouse over the key on the key settings window that you want to assign that skill to, and click. You should not have the faint image following your cursor anymore. Close the key settings, and now anytime you want to activate the skill, just press the key you have assigned it to. Another way is to double click the skill in the skill book.

== Can I use first job points for second job points? What about the third job?==
No. Any skill points you gain in the first job MUST be used before the second job.  It is okay to use second job points for the first job, but this is generally not recommended. The third job follows the same rule; first and second job points can't be applied to third job skills.

==What are some good ways to make money?  Both generally and class specific.==
The best way to make money is to train on something that you can kill in 2 or less hits consecutively

Warriors: This shouldn't be too much of a problem before 2nd job. Warriors tend to make money really easily.

Thieves: Train on whatever suits best, during levels 21-30 I recommend NOT to PQ all the time if you are not funded. This is because pqing too much will slow down your money making pace.

Magicians: To save money, you should only buy red and blue pots till level 30. At lvl 25 magicians will entirely OWN the Kerning pq so you should be able to get pots or ores from there easily.

Bowman: As a newbie bowman you should find or buy a melee weapon (metal axe for example drop from slimes) until lvl 15 then you could buy the lvl 15 bow there. Save up on stiff feathers, tree branches, and firewood. You use those to make arrows for free.

~Remember blue pots cost about twice what red ones do and using your MP based attacks can rapidly burn several hundred in a level.

When you buy armour and weapons focus on your body armour and weaponry. Check the actual bonus offered for the price... 10k isn't worth 2 more defence when 2 defence barely blocks 1 HP.

Pick up everything that drops. Everything. Even the stuff that sells for 1 meso adds up.

Only buy pots that heal you half or less of your HP and MP when you can. Unless you're fighting things that 2-hit kill you. That way you don't press your pot button when you're only 1/4 or 1/2 damaged and heal what would have been 3/4 of your HP... wasting mesos.

As a mage master MP Recovery VERY early. You can't make do without your magic attacks and MP Recovery rapidly starts to heal 50ish MP every 10 seconds WHILST YOU ATTACK! That means 300 MP every minute. That's a lot of free MP and it costs twice what HP does generally...

== What happens if I don't use up all the points before advancing? ==
Your job instructor simply won't let you advance to the next job advancement.

== Why should I max skills? ==
The argument usually goes: Skills cost more when they are at a higher level, and most of the time, they don't give the same mana/damage efficiency as lower levels. So why max skills at all?

Simple answer: When you are at a higher level, you make much more money. At level 10, you are generally happy to have 10,000 Mesos. At level 60, weapons may cost 15 million Mesos.

The money &quot;wasted&quot; from maxing out skills is miniscule compared to the money used on equipments, scrolls, and so forth. You will '''always''' make more money, but you cannot always do more damage.

And this goes for '''all'' mana- or HP-based skills, including Slash Blast, Arrow Bomb, Iron Arrow, Power Strike, Double Shot, Magic Claw, Lucky 7, Savage Blow, etc.

More importantly, when you max out a damage skill, you save '''time'''. 2 level 10 Slash Blasts &gt; more damage than a level 20 Slash Blast, but a level 20 Slash Blast saves time, especially since that level 20 Slash Blast has a much better chance of a one-hit kill than a level 10 Slash Blast.

== Is xxx skill good? ==
Check out the [[MapleStory/Jobs|Jobs]] section with your specific job for the answer. A number of skills are considered useless irrespective of the build used and are only necessary if they are prerequisites for other, more powerful skills.  Those skills are listed here.

'''Mage'''
* Magic Armor (not to be confused with the skill &quot;Magic ''Guard''&quot;)
:Magic Armor removes at most 30 or so damage. If fighting Yetis at level 50, you won't care that they do 470 damage to you instead of 500.
* Energy Bolt
:Energy Bolt is good if you want a skill to knockback enemys. Magic Claw outdamages Energy Bolt anytime, but doesn't knockback most of the time.
* Poison Breath (second job, Fire/Poison Wizard)
:It is weak, and the poison doesn't last long enough to warrant use. However, there are poison mages that like going against the crowd. Given the fact that Poison Mist and Magic Composition (both third-job skills) are more effective Poison-based spells, one would wonder why Poison Breath even exists.  A maxed Poison Breath can do around 347 to 578 damage (with roughly 35 LUK and 175 MATK) plus, if poisoned, 70 HP or 1/40 HP damage, whichever is greater. If the enemy has roughly 3000+ HP the Poison will hit for 1/40 HP doing 75+ damage over time. This can allow Fire Wizards to hunt fire creatures they normally would not be able to such as Fire Boars. Some creatures weak to poison also give good EXP. It is recommended, however, that only advanced Fire Wizards should consider maxing Poison Breath after Fire Arrow has been maxed.

'''Bowman'''
*Blessing of Amazon
: Bowmen have the best accuracy in the game, and can generally hit monsters before they can even break a monster's armor. The only exception is Jr. Neckis in the beginning of the game, however, getting a skill for a single monster is a bad plan, especially when you gain enough accuracy to kill Jr. Neckis by level 28 or so. 

'''Warrior'''
*Endure 
:Recover while hanging on a rope. Quite useless since you'll be using potions to get HP. With 4000 HP at L60 it would take a lot of minutes to recover your total health. Besides if you want to recover health while being idle you'd better sit down somewhere. Only put the required 3 points into endure so you can put some points into Iron Body. 
*Iron Body 
:This skill can be handy at lower levels but around L60 it loses its value because of the much more powerful power guard skill. The main and only reason to have Iron body is to negate the weapon defense penalty of Rage. Theoretically you could do with only 1 point in Iron body to undo the -10 wdef effect of Rage. However, it is recommended to put around 8 - 10 points into this skill. There are some builds online that suggest maxing Iron body and only putting 6 points into sword/axe booster. This isn't really recommended as with a duration of 60 seconds the recasting becomes really annoying. Instead, putting 15 or 16 points into booster and 8 or 9 points into Iron body and maxing out Rage will result in 3 skills that will last for approximately 160 seconds. Since Rage and Iron body are casted at the same time this will make recasting easier and less annoying. Also consider this: having 16 versus 40 wdef doesn't really do a lot for the damage you take. A tauromaci touch would be around for example 450 versus 500 damages. However if you have maxed Power Guard(which is very likely) it will reflect 40 % of the damage so you only take 300 out of a total of 500.
*Shield Mastery 
(Third job Crusader and Page skills, warriors already have huge weapon defense, and Shield Mastery barely increases it)

Warriors still get some of these skills because there are too many first job points. It is recommended you get at least 1 SP in Endure and some HP Recovery to help at areas such as El Nath or Underwater maps where the area slowly drains your HP, but there are not enough points to max any of these skills.

'''Thief'''
*Disorder
:It has been quite a debate between many maplers about the &quot;Which is better, disorder or dark sight?&quot;. I personally feel that disorder will not be often used when you are training and mostly only when fighting boss monsters and such. Dark sight, however, is used when you want to pass a map without being disturbed by monsters or when you ran out of potions and only have a little bit of hp left, you will die easily. This is where dark sight comes in to prevent yourself from dying. I feel that both skills are useful and you will have to choose one to add in 1st job advancement and maybe the other in the late 2nd job advancement.  Dark sight is also required for the Ludibruim Party Quest, where only a theif with Dark Sight can get past two certain invincible monsters.(lv 60+).

*Shield Mastery (3rd job, Bandit. Gets you about 10 extra weapon defense points assuming the best sheild for a Thief, which will block about 4 damage from the enemy)
*Steal
: Steal is more of a &quot;fun&quot; ability as its not to be used seriously. It CAN help you get something good, but it doesn't happen often. It may be useful in the Ludi party quest so you can get extra passes. But its not as useful as other skills

== Why am I training so slow? ==
You will ''only'' train at a reasonable pace if you consistantly use your skills. Never use a &quot;regular&quot; attack for any class after level 25, and if you're an assassin or mage you will probably need to use skills WAY before that. To keep up the pace of your mana-consumption, you must buy potions to consistantly up your mana. By level 35 mages should hold ATLEAST 60 mana pots so you don't have to go back and forth to buy more.

Additionally, you must always have HP potions ready. Sitting still for 10 minutes every time you are hit is not a fast way to train. By level 35, any class should have 50 ORANGE pots, unless you are ungodly good.

Upon reaching level 40, you should start scrolling your weapons, on top of using your skills, to keep a reasonable pace of exp. 60% scrolls are the general recomendation, and if you are ready to play the lottery, just buy 10% off of other people. 100% are a safe choice, but do worse than 60% on average.

For you assassins, get the best stars you can afford at all times. Kumbis tend to be the ones people get most. Or, if you have another character or you have a really nice friend, get icys off of them at early levels and you kill much faster.

:Actually, getting +7 100% claw is more important than getting stars, especially with Meba. Also, once you get Kumbis/Icicles you should start spending money on work glove scrolled for attack. You should get 8 atk glove before you get Tobi, 10 atk glove before you get Steely, and 11-12 attack glove before you get Ilbis. Also, starting from level 50 you should start considering get +5 or more 60% scrolled claws. Just look at your next upgrade's cost for your claw, glove, star, and determine which one is cheaper. Don't go out thinking that getting better star is your only option to raise your attack.

If you are low on money, here is the list of priorities if you want to continue training at a fast pace:

# HP potions and Mana potions
# Most powerful Weapon/stars money can buy
# Scrolls for Atk, or intelligence/Attack if a Mage
# Best Top/Bottom/Overalls you can buy

It is recomended that you don't waste money on gloves or shoes, unless they are upgraded with weapon attack, speed, or jump. The lvl 15 or 20 glove will suffice for a while for any class; in fact, most high levels (lvl 50+) use a lvl 10 work glove (upgraded with wAtk) !

So what does this list mean? It means, if you got nearly no mesos, buy as many HP and Mana potions as you can. If you saved up enough money, then buy a more powerful weapon. If you still got money, then scroll your weapon. If you still got money, then buy your armor.

~I tried this style of play unfunded... it does not work out well. Spending all your money on HP and MP pots sounds fair enough but when you hit level 35 in level 25 gear you start to realise that extra 30 HP you lost per hit added up to 30k after 1000 hits. It's slower to avoid using MP until you have mastery but it pays off. Btw, if you go with claw early as a mage that tends to sap funds too... I had no idea how much MP recovery helps them, Going broke as a mage is not fun...

~Note. Getting 8 mp recovery is sufficient to support 10 claw - around lvl 16-17. mp recovery gradually increases the mp recovered for every 4 int that you have. for example, a lvl 33 wiz with 5/5 stats and maxed recovery would heal 55 mp every 10 seconds. When you are low on cash and want to buy a new wep, you should save up until you have 150% of the cost of the item in case you find a bargain or you need pots or armour. Weps and armour should be considered first at lvls below 20, since ur mp and hp heals on its own. then it is followed by pots. Scrolls should not be considered until you're at least lvl 25 since even the cheapest 10% scrolls will cost you 20k.

~Note: I have no idea why people do not consider the benefits of training in parties. With the 10%+ to experience share and a good solid party that can 1HKO, levelling up becomes a tad bit faster than solo. Also spawn rate seems to be affected by the number of people on the same map.

== How do I get to (insert place here) ==
[[Image:How2Get2PigBeach.PNG |frame|right| This is where you stand to get into Hidden Street: Pig Beach.]]
If it is a hidden street, you must find a secret location somewhere, and press &quot;up&quot; on it. They are scattered all around.

If you are looking for a place in Victoria Island, check the world map by pressing &quot;w&quot;.

www.hidden-street.net has a good list of almost all of the hidden streets.

==Where do you find ***** item?==
Refer to the in-depth item sections at [http://www.hidden-street.net Hidden-Street].  They list all the enemies that drop a specific item.

== Where do I find a good build for my Character? ==

Builds in general require a lot of thought and time to put together. There is simply not enough room in this page to describe all your builds. In your specific [[../Jobs|Job]] section however; you should be able to find a build for your specific character. Also keep in mind that a perfect build does not exist, every character is supposed to suit the player's style.

== Why do people like to buy Solid Horns? ==

100 Solid horns can be exchanged at the [[../Quests/Exchange Quest| Exchange Quest]] for 500 experience. While this is not much at higher levels, you can bring a level 10 player into the Exchange Quest and constantly get around 500 exp for every 100 horns. This is most likely the fastest way to level up at early levels, although it can be quite expensive if you do not gather the horns yourself.

Zombie's Lost Teeth, Jr. Yeti Skins, and Hector Tails are also popular choices, as they provide better rewards than Solid Horns. Though being more expensive, in these cases most people will hunt the items themselves. Zombie Teeth also have a relatively high supply due to the sheer number of players that train on Coolie Zombies for a large number of levels (60-80 for most classes).

Again, if you have a second, stronger character, use them to get the solid horns or any other exchange quest items. That way, you get exp for both of your characters.

== What Job should I choose? ==

This has been answered in the [[../Jobs#Which class should I choose?|Jobs]] section.

== How do you jump and attack in the air with magicians and archers? ==
Assassins can do this much easier. For archers, this is answered in the Archer guides [[MapleStory/Bowman_Guide#Jump_Shot|here]]. Magicians use the same technique, except with their spells. Magicians can also attack and teleport at the same time, and it is the same technique again, except using teleport instead of jump.

When doing an attack normally, your character is unable to move for a short period of time until the attack animation is complete.  With the jump shot, you are able to move while performing the attack. However the arrow/spell acts as if it was shot/cast while on the ground.

For mages and bowmen, to jump shoot you have to jump and then a split second later, then shoot. This takes practice to master.

:Warriors and Thieves have an innate ability to attack in mid-air, while Mages and Bowmen can't. Mages and Bowmen can take advantage of a glitch in the game to jump while attacking, although the only thing this does is help you move while attacking. This is accomplished by pressing attack *first*, then jump immediately afterwards. 20:23, 18 March 2006 (UTC)

:: It should be noted that different keyboards have different responces to the jump-attack glitch. Some keyboards can do it very easily, some keyboards require attack and then jump button, some keyboards require the reverse. So try doing it differently if it doesn't work for you the first time.  Also, the internet connection of the user has an affect on the jump shot.

== Is anything known about the fourth jobs? ==
Fourth jobs are currently not released in any server. However, the KoreaMS Beta server is testing fourth jobs. Currently, only a few things are known about this job advancement:
*The names of the fourth job classes.
*There is a skill that is common to all classes.
*Each class currently has one class-specific skill.
KoreaMS is currently accepting suggestions for new skills. See [[MapleStory/Jobs]] for more information.

== How do I open a shop in the Free Market?==
To do this, you must purchase a Store Permit in the Cash Shop. The Permit will last for 90 days, during which it may be used as often as you like within the numbered Free Market areas.

== What Is Scrolling? ==

Scrolling is the process of buying usually expensive scrolls (70,000 mesos for cheap 100% scrolls, w.atk for gloves can rise as high as several million mesos), and then using them on your items. Usually; a fully scrolled item is better than the next item. For example, a +7 Red Viper (lvl 35 bow) can have 68 weapon attack and 7 accuracy if scrolled with 60%s. An unscrolled Vaulter 2000 (lvl 40 bow) has upto 59 weapon attack if you are lucky.

Because of the lvl 40/50 gap, it is recommended that you start scrolling your weapons at lvl 40. 10 levels take a long time, and most level 50 weapons are rare (though creatable in Ludibrium). So you may be using your lvl 40 weapon well into lvl 55 or even level 60! Scrolling allows you to make your weapon stronger without buying a new weapon.

10%s, 60%s and 100%s are three kinds of scrolls that are available. 10%s give the best stats, but only work 10% of the time. 60%s do best on average, but they are usually very very expensive. 100% scrolls are usually cheap, as most are available from NPCs scattered across the Maple Story world, and they always work. However, 100%s won't get you the best possible weapon.

In JMS, there are 30% and 70% scrolls also available. These are similar to 10%s and 60%s, except they may destroy your weapon in the process (50% chance if the scroll fails).

All items can be scrolled, even pet items! If you are a warrior, thief or archer, weapon attack effects your damage the most, usually 3 or 4 times more effective than increasing your primary stat. Mages should focus on getting intelligence on their items, usually on the earrings. 60% Jump scrolls on shoes are recommended for warriors, thieves and archers, while if you go with 100%s, speed on shoes works out better.

==How long does it take for (name) to spawn?==

The following are estimates:

*Chief Gray: randomly
*Rombot (Lombard): 15~20 minutes
*MT-09: 15-30 minutes
*Mushmom: 45~60 minutes
*Jr. Balrog: 4~6 hours
*Zombie Mushmom: 45-90 minutes

If anyone has more accurate information, feel free to add it.

==How long will it take to get [certain starting ability point allocation]?==
In general, it is more likely to generate evenly distributed ability points (e.g. STR6 DEX6 INT7 LUK6) than skewed ability points (e.g. STR4 DEX13 INT4 LUK4). The total ability points is 25, and the minimum for any ability is 4. The maximum for an ability is 13, though that is rare (see below).

The way starting abilities are generated: (Not verified, though seems to be a good approximation)
# All abilities are set equal to 4.
# Randomly choose STR, DEX, INT, or LUK and add one point to that ability.
# Repeat until STR + DEX + INT + LUK = 25.

The below table shows approximately how long it will take to generate certain ability point distributions. These times are approximate and actual results may vary.  One person may get a certain distribution within 1 minute whereas another person will take 10 minutes, depending on clicking speed and pure luck.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!align=&quot;left&quot;|Ability Points
!align=&quot;left&quot;|Exact Probability
!align=&quot;left&quot;|Approximate Time Required
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|07  06  06  06
|align=&quot;left&quot;|7560/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|1 minute
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|07  07  07  04
|align=&quot;left&quot;|1680/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|2 minutes
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|09  06  06  04
|align=&quot;left&quot;|0756/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|6 minutes
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|12  05  04  04
|align=&quot;left&quot;|0009/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|8 hours
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|13  04  04  04
|align=&quot;left&quot;|0001/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|3 days!
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|-
|-
|align=&quot;left&quot;|XX  XX  04  04
|align=&quot;left&quot;|0512/262144
|align=&quot;left&quot;|9 minutes
|}
The table shows how hard it is to get large numbers like 12 and 13, especially where you want them. Therefore, don't set your goal too high, unless you have time for 3 days of nonstop playing!

==What should I do to avoid being scammed?==
Three important points:
# Learn how scammers scam. (Go to the Introduction.)
# Use common sense, be smart, and watch for suspicious offers.
# Report possible scams.

Common Scams:
*&quot;Drop Game&quot;: Someone dares you to drop a valuable item. That person picks it up before you can. (Don't do something because someone dares you to!) They often bring you to specific areas where another character can hid behind walls and run out to get your items when you drop them too.
*&quot;Tab Tab Space Enter&quot;: That key sequence accepts any trade that's going on. If you put something valuable up for trade, the other person can take it. (Don't press keys unless you know what they do.)
*Any Unsecured Trade: Don't do it. You never know if someone will keep their promise.
*&quot;Middleman&quot;: A person is making a really good trade offer to you, but you don't have the specific thing they want. Luckily, you find someone who offers just that thing, but at a high price. You buy it, but when you go back to the first person to make the trade, they refuse. (This is a co-op scam between the two people.)
*&quot;Tax Evasion&quot;: Paying for an expensive item in parts is risky, because either the scammer gives only 49999 for your expensive item and doesn't pay up the rest, or the scammer makes you pay until you are short about 50000, then leaves without giving you anything.
*&quot;The Hold Enter, Keep Clicking Trick&quot;: This happens in the Free Market, the title usually says, &quot;To Enter, Hold Enter and Click&quot;. When you actually enter, you would have clicked on something twice, and the pop up says 'You sure you want to buy ______ for ___ mesos&quot; or something simular, while holding enter will trigger you to pressing 'OK' on that item, thus buying the item.  The trick is you will not be able to see the pop-up since your holding enter which instantly presses 'OK'.  You could accidently buy a useless item(eg.Snail Shell) for 1 million mesos even.
*&quot;Scroll Switch&quot; You are about to purchase an expensive scroll, but the trade window closes. The person with the scroll re-trades apologising that the window was closed by mistake and puts a scroll of the same % but is a worthless scroll and quickly trades. So you spend a large amount of mesos on a useless scroll if you do not check the item again.

Miscellaneous:
*Always check the trade one last time before accepting. Carefully examine all items the other person is offering, and make sure you are putting up the correct items, too.
*Beginners: learn the average prices of items on reliable websites before making expensive trades.

If anyone has any more tips, feel free to add them here.

= Warrior Specific=

== What is the point of a Hybrid Spearman? ==
Hybrid spearmen seem like a dumb idea at first; you don't get final attack and you max out a weapon that you think you won't use.

However, maxing out both weapons gives a massive advantage in 3rd job. In 3rd job, there are 2 main attacks for a Dragon Knight, and those are Spear Crusher, and Dragon Fury. Dragon Fury will always be stronger with a polearm because it always swings, while Spear Crusher will always be stronger with a spear because it always stabs.

The idea is not to switch weapons in the middle of battle, but to switch to another weapon when the map calls for it. For example, flatter maps would prefer Spear Crusher because stabs have a bit more horizontal range, while in hilly maps, Dragon Fury's swing motion would cover more vertical grounds.

==Do I need Final Attack or Not?==
Many warriors wonder, whats final attack, and why should I have it? Final Attack is much like an MP free Power Strike. When it is maxed it has a 60% chance of following any attack with a damage of 250%. Now the real question is &quot;Do I need it?&quot; Well if you are a Fighter FA is almost required. It is fast MP free and powerful. Now with a Page I personally think it is a very good idea to max FA. At 3rd job the page gets elemental skills that work for a certain amount of time. Since FA is fast you can get a few extra hits with each element. Some Spearmans may prefer this skill, but it's usually the users choice (in my case, i have.)

: Last I heard warrior third job skills DO NOT activate final attack. I.E. Crusher and Thresher will not activate it. ~Marl

:: I would have to agree with Marl. Any references though? This is one reason why most 2nd job Spearmen skip FA, because it doesn't work with Crusher. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]] 04:25, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

FA will definitely NOT work with 3rd job skills. It is only triggered by Power Strike and Slash Blast.

~If you check Sleepywood's guides you'll get verification from many people. Third job skills just don't activate final attack. And if anyone was still unclear, neither will NORMAL attacks. Just Power Strike and Slash Blast

~ One last thing, in case anyone wasn't aware of it still, Final Attack diffuses its damage with Slash Blast. Basically this means instead of doing 500, 500, 500 with Slash Blast you'll find your attack broken up with 500, 100, 500, 100, etc... whilst it's still free damage, and you'll level faster with Power Strike getting the free fast FA off it, it does mess with Slash Blast. It apparently goes down in damage as it spreads through the mob too. I've heard figures of 2000 normal damage, 20 on the mob edge with FA.
: with SB FA each following monster will receive 50% of the damage (up to 6 monsters). ex. 1000, 500, 250, 125, 63... that's why when you SB a mob the last 1 or 2 need an extra hit.
Still, it's recommended you get it because there's not much else and it saves MP. ~ Marl
hey

~ Adding to the confusion, it is possible for the first monster hit by a slash blast final attack to take more damage than a regular slash blast is capable of doing.  It seems capable of doing 30% to 40% more damage than regular slash blast.

~ IMO there isn't a real reason as a fighter NOT to get it, because you can easily max all your skills as a fighter (as long as you pick either axe of sword) and it will GREATLY increase leveling speeds if this skill is maxed.

= Magician Specific=

== Fire/poison vs Ice/lightning vs Cleric ==
Also known as Fire wizs, Ice wizs/Lit wizs, or Clerics.

This is answered in the [[../Magician Guide#Holy, Fire, Ice, Poison, or Lightning?|Magician Guide]] already.

== How does MP eater work? ==
For any magic attack you do, you have a chance of draining a good amount of MP from the enemy, While it does nothing to the enemy, this basically means with max MP eater, you would only be able to drain so much MP from 1 foe.

Every magic attack you do, there is a 30% chance that you would '''gain''' MP from the enemy. This includes magic claw, energy bolt, and even the cleric's &quot;Heal&quot; attack on undead monsters.

Because of this, it is highly recommended that mages get 1 MP eater at level 30, to heal back MP at a rate even faster than MP recovery.

MP Eater is especially effective with mob attacks such as Heal or Lightning, for obvious reasons.

==How do mages teleport backwards?==
The Mage and Cleric Teleport skill work by sending you a certain distance in the direction of whichever arrow key is pressed, given that there is a platform to stand on at that location.

~A mage teleports backwards by pressing teleport then very quickly pressing back on their arrow keys. Simple as that. With practice you can abuse this apparent glitch by attacking, teleporting and pressing back in that order to attack whilst retreating backwards. Most mages I've seen use this technique for bosses etc as the attacks miss them if they teleport at the right moment. You can also do this forwards. Telecasting can also be done vertically.

~It's not a glitch. Teleport can be used at any time provided that:
:1. You have enough mp
:2. You're teleporting to a valid location
:3. You're not in the middle of teleport

~ A glitch is anything occurring in a game that the programmers did not want to happen. Telecasting is a glitch that occurs because somehow they messed up so you can attack and teleport together. It just happens to be a very useful glitch they probably won't remove as it's become the only way mages can fight a lot of big monsters

= Rogue Specific=

== What is a Banditsin?==

A Banditsin is a bandit that uses Lucky 7s in 1st job, and then turns into a Bandit 2nd job.  Lucky 7s is a much better skill than Double Stab, as it is ranged, has innate mastery and does more damage. While this is more expensive than the typical Bandit build, it is much faster if you got the money to burn. But it can cause problems after you make the second job advancement.

You might think that the banditsin are very much well stronger then you might be. There is a good explanation to that. The reason why is because of the use of there SP some might be dexless and some might raise STR. In the end a FULL BANDIT or a FULL ASSASSIN are way stronger then the hybrid BANDITSIN

:Not true, the only difference between a Bandit and a Banditsin is that the Banditsin won't have Double Stab. Considering that Savage Blow will be more effective than Double Stab past Level ~45, and that the AP build doesn't change, we can concur that Banditsins are just as powerful as Bandits. --[[User:EMP Demon|EMP Demon]]

::And why the hell would a dexless banditsin raise their STR? LUK increases L7 damage, and STR is only used for STR bandits. --[[User:Daze|Daze]]

= Bowman Specific =

== Double Shot or Arrow Blow? ==
This has been answered [[../Bowman Guide/Builds#Conclusions_of_the_first_Great_Archer_Debate:_AB_vs_DS|here in the bowman section]] completely.

== Final Attack or No Final Attack?? ==
The debate of FA vs FAless is different for Bowmen than warriors, so warriors who want that answer should check out the Warrior specific questions. As for archers, it has been answered in the [[../Bowman Guide/Skills_and_Builds#The_Greater_Archer_Debate:_FA_or_FA-less?| Skills and Builds]] section of the Bowman Guide.

If you are to lazy to go there, well, there cannot be a very precise answer. FA archers and FA-less archers tend to hang out on the same forums, and thus you have clusters of people who think &quot;everyone else&quot; is doing the same as they are doing. For example: the GameFAQs forums usually say FA-less, while Sleepywood forums are a bit more neutral and say both ways go. But for someone on GameFAQs, it is easy for them to think that &quot;everyone&quot; is doing FA-less. This is a very deep issue, too deep to be summarized in a couple of sentences.

== Crossbow or Bow? ==

Before changing classes to a Bowman or Crossbowman, the player can switch back and forth between bows and crossbows with no penalty. It is purely based on preference. In depth information about the advantages and disadvantages of both weapons can be found [[../Bowman_Guide#Hunter_or_Crossbow??|here]].

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{| style={{MapleStory/tablestyle}}
{{MapleStory/TOC}}
|}

'''''MapleStory''''' is a free (though with in-app-purchases) 2D [[w:side-scrolling|side-scrolling]] [[w:MMORPG|MMORPG]] developed by the Korean company [[w:Wizet|Wizet]]. There are several versions of the game for specific countries or regions, each of which has their own set of worlds. Currently there are Global, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Taiwanese and South East Asian (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand), and most recently European versions of the game. Korean and Japanese versions have been around the longest and thus have the most features, other versions being several months behind.

In the game, players defend the &quot;Maple World&quot; from monsters, as in a typical role-playing game (RPG). Players can interact with others in many ways, such as chatting, trading, playing in parties and playing minigames such as Omok (based upon the Japanese game of Gomoku) and Match Cards (based upon Memory) which could be obtained rarely by killing monsters.

=== Current MapleStory Versions and their worlds===
{{MapleStory Versions}}

* People living in Thailand can play both MapleStory SEA and MapleStory Thailand.
* The Korean version was the first to be created, and thus has the most features. Other versions are at different stages of development, most of them a few months behind.
* The Korean, Thai, European, and Global versions share the same world names, but they are totally different worlds, and have no connections with each other.
* [http://www.mapleeurope.com Europe MapleStory] is still in the Beta Phase.
* FrancheMS is currently under development.

==Gameplay==
Characters in MapleStory advance by gaining experience points (EXP), leveling up, and collecting various items and pieces of wieldable equipment. The players combat monsters, acquiring money, which are called Mesos or Meru (depending on your version) in-game and various items as well as completing quests.

MapleStory gameplay takes place in &quot;worlds&quot;. Players are allowed to create up to three different characters in each world for every account made. Each world, which is identical, is split into up to 20 channels where players can play. Each channel is identical in terms of maps, monsters, and other things. The only difference is that there is different players on each channel. One physical server hosts two channels. Characters, items and money cannot be transferred between worlds, though they can be transferred between characters on the same world.

===New players===
New players are sent to Maple Island, a floating island specifically designed to be beginner-friendly. Unlike many other MMORPGs such as World of Warcraft, Everquest, or Rakion MapleStory players cannot choose a character class or job when they create the character similarly to Ragnarok. Rather, every character starts with the job ''Beginner'' until they meet the requirements to complete the first job advancement.

When a player creates a new character, he or she is able to spread 25 ability points amongst four different statistics: STR, DEX, INT, and LUK (Strength, Dexterity, Intelligence, and Luck, respectively). Players cannot manually choose where these points will be placed, as the distribution is randomly generated by a dice roll. However, the player can have the stat allocations reshuffled as many times as required, until the stats are placed in the order that is fitting to their planned occupation. The minimum possible point level in a statistic which can be generated is 4, and the maximum is 13. Players tend to raise only the statistics which their desired class specializes in, and they will keep the other ability levels at 4.

===Leveling up===
To level up, a character must acquire a certain amount of EXP (experience points), which are accumulated by killing monsters or completing quests. At each level-up, a player receives 5 ability points (AP) to be distributed among the stats of HP, MP, STR, DEX, INT, and LUK as necessary. After undergoing any job advancement, the character gains 1 skill point (SP) however 3 skill points are given for each level following a job advancement. Each skill point can be used on various class-specific skills.

AP can also be put into Maximum HP (Health Points) or Maximum MP (Mana Points), but this is discouraged for all classes since these stats automatically increase upon a level up. Some warriors, however, choose to put all of their AP into health points. This causes their maximum HP to increase very quickly, and high-leveled &quot;HP warriors&quot; can have as much as 10,000 HP, although this has been often exceeded. However such warriors deal less damage than ones that have not put any AP into HP.

All characters in the game are ranked based on how much EXP they have gained, or equivalently their level and percentage. When a player logs on, they can see how their character is ranked in comparison to all other characters of any class as well as all other characters of the same basic class. It will also tell the characters change in ranking from the previous day but history over the last week or so cannot be seen.

===Ability points===
There are four main types of abilities, which are necessary to advance through the jobs:

* Strength (STR) increases the maximum power of melee attacks. It increases the maximum damage for warriors. Warriors need at least 35 AP in STR to make their first job advancement.

* Dexterity (DEX) increases the accuracy, avoidability and minimum damage of all attacks, except magic. It increases the maximum damage for bowmen. Bowmen and thieves need at least 25 AP in DEX to make their first job advancement.

* Intelligence (INT) increases the magic attack and magic defense stats. INT affects a magician greatly as their damage and accuracy is based on it, although INT isn't too useful for other classes. Magicians need at least 20 AP in INT to make their first job advancement. It also determines the amount of maximum MP increase upon leveling.

* Luck (LUK) increases the avoidability and accuracy of all characters, and decreases the EXP loss when a character dies. It increases the maximum damage of thieves attack when using throwing stars and daggers that depend on LUK for attack.

It is recommended by most game guides that the various classes should only increase class-specific abilities, as follows:
* Warriors should increase STR and DEX, (with STR being the main priority) as they only use physical attacks.
* Bowmen should also raise STR and DEX, (with DEX being the main priority).
* Magicians should increase only INT and LUK (with INT being the main priority).
* Thieves should increase LUK and DEX (with LUK being the main priority), although STR dagger thieves (thieves who use a dagger that requires points in STR) also need some points in STR.

===Skill points===
Every character class has specific skills to invest in. The effects of skills vary greatly. Skills fall into one of two categories, passive and active skills. Passive skills (such as a bowman's 'Eye of Amazon') take effect as long as SP has been placed in the skill, without the character having to do anything. They always enhance the character and do not require MP to use. Active skills can be used when necessary. There are two types of active skills: attack skills and enhancement skills. Attack skills tend to do more damage and can be used as the main attacking method (such as a magician's Magic Claw). Enhancement skills add temporary enhancements to the character (such as a thief's Dark Sight) or the character's party (such as a cleric's Bless). Most skills become more effective as SP is added, though there is usually an increase in MP used. Other skills cost less MP as SP is added to the skill.

===Items===
There are five different item categories in the game: Equipment, Use, Set-Up, Etc, and Cash/Pet. The equipment are clothing, accessories, and weapons that are equiped and provide stat bonuses and attack or defense. Mainly, the weaker items that are available do not require anything to equip. However, most items have a Level, Stat, Class, and/or Fame requirement to equip it. Normally, only Magician items and the all-class earrings provide Magic Defense; equipment for Warriors, Rogues, and Archers usually provide Weapon Defense only. Some equipment also gives extra HP, MP, Strength, Dexterity, Intelligence, Speed, Jump, Accuracy, Avoidability, and/or Luck. Every item has specific &quot;average&quot; stats which the item always has when it is crafted by an NPC or bought from a store. When equipment is dropped by monsters, the stats have chance to differ from their average. Items with stats close to the average ones are more common than ones with a lot more or less of certain stat. Equipment can be upgraded by using item upgrade scrolls. These scrolls have a certain percentage of success, and the lower it is, the higher the stat gains are. One can only attempt to scroll a certain equipment up to 7 times for most equipment; gloves, capes, earrings and most shoes (excluding snowshoes) can be scrolled up to five times; overalls up to ten. The Use items consists of consumable items, such as potions/pills, food (serves same purpose as potions), upgrades, such as equipment scrolls, town scrolls which, when used, teleports you back to a specified town or the nearest town, and arrows and throwing stars which can only be used by using specific weapons such as a bow or a claw. The Set-Up items are mainly decorative special items for events such as Christmas and special quests. Etc items are mainly monster leftovers, ores and quest items. Cash/Pet items are the items bought in the Cash Shop. However, Cash Shop items may appear in other parts of the inventory depending on their function.

===Dying===
When a character's HP on the health bar (red) reaches 0, a character dies. This is depicted by a tombstone falling from the top of the screen, and the character becoming merely a head on a floating ghost-like body. Upon dying, a character is returned to the nearest town and revived with 50 HP. The amount of MP after a character's death does not change. Beginners lose no EXP when they die, which suggests that dying is a quick and free way of getting to the nearest town. However, once a beginner makes his first job advancement, each death will cost him a percentage of EXP based up the amount of LUK they have. Thus, Thieves and Magicians will tend to lose less EXP than Warriors and Bowman because the former classes' AP builds tend to favor high LUK more than the latter classes'. Dying in towns or other safe areas will always result in EXP loss of 1% regardless of the character's LUK stat. Items such as the Safety Charm (from the Cash Shop) can prevent EXP loss when the character dies (however, the user loses the item after they are dead). But note that the Safety Charm is available in only some versions of the game. Another variation is the Valentines Day Event and the Easter Day Event, where if you receive a Box of Chocolates/Easter Charms, it protects your EXP as well. A character cannot fall below 0% EXP of its current level, so players will not drop down a level, but instead just drop to 0 EXP. If a character dies, the character can still speak,and can stay in this stage for a limited time, but instead of the usual speech bubbles, a &quot;thought bubble&quot; is substituted. A character may still make faces when dead.

==Unique gameplay features==
===Fame===
Fame is one of the stats on a character's character sheet. Fame is supposed to be the amount of popularity a player has in the game. Once a character is at least level 15, they are able to raise or lower the fame of any character but themselves by one point per day. A character's fame cannot be raised or lowered by the same person more than once every month. Fame has no part in Maple Story except for certain quests and a select amount of high level pieces of equipment. Some people believe that fame will increase the chances of a monster dropping rare items, but there has never been any proof in this matter. Although fame isn't a major aspect of the game, people tend to be pretty serious about it. Many people de-fame someone to get revenge, or use threats of mass defaming to intimidate.

===Mini-games===
There are three mini-games that can be played between three MapleStory characters. They are called Omok, Match Cards, and Pachinko. If a player plays with other people, his or her history for the game will be listed on the screen so the other players can see how well he or she play. Playing mini-games costs 100 mesos per game. Each player starts with 2000 points and gain six points for a win, lose seven for a loss, and lose two for a tie.

;Omok
Omok is a remake of a classic Japanese game named Gomoku. This game seems very similar to tic-tac-toe except that the board is much larger, and players must get five in a row rather than only three. Consequently, a lot more strategy is involved. The game follows the standard rule, which requires exactly five stones in a row, and the three and three rule, which states that players cannot make two unblocked rows of three stones in one move. Also, the &quot;board&quot; that is played on is much larger than that of Tic-Tac-Toe.

;Match cards
This is also known as the game concentration. Match cards games can be opened in 3x4, 4x5, and 5x6 versions. The flip side of the cards contain images of MapleStory monsters which players take turn matching.

;Pachinko (JapanMS exclusive)
Pachinko is a popular game in Japan. It is a one player game. To play Pachinko it is necessary to buy Pachinko balls (coins) in the Cash Shop and to play, the player must be in a Pachinko store (these are located in Kerning City, Shouwa Town, and Ludibrium). In order to win, one needs to try get the Pachinko balls in a mushroom hole below a slot. Once it is in, the slot will start. Sometimes an angel or a lady will try to help the player move the monsters in the slot. The chart of winning table is as follows: Stirge, Orange Mushroom, Blue Snail, Chopiter (400 balls), Red Snail, Jr. Boogie, Jr. Wraith, Jr. Sentinel (600 balls), Jr. Cellion (1,000 balls), and the Jackpot, Jr. Balrog (1,500 balls). Also there are prizes to be won if the player got the amount of balls.

===Events===
Event may often occur during holidays like chance to win items in game or real life, GM (Game Master) events where a GM host the event in seven different games such as Coconut Harvest, Find the Jewel, MapleStory Physical Fitness Challenge, OX Quiz and Minigame Challenge, Ola Ola, and Snowball. Rewards include an Event Trophy and a Devil's Scroll, which requires the player to decode it through an NPC to get a Magic Box, which contains a random prize after being opened by another NPC.

;Coconut Harvest
Participants will be divided into two teams: Team Maple and Team Story. The team which harvests the most coconuts in the set amount of time wins.

;Find the Jewel
The goal of this event is to find maps hidden in various rooms to find a map. Return the map to Vikan to complete the event.

;MapleStory Physical Fitness Challenge
A jump quest with four levels: finish the quest within 15 minutes to complete the event. The player will not be able to haste or teleport in this quest.

;OX Quiz and Minigame Challenge
The OX Quiz consists of answering question asked by the GM correctly. Once a player answers them correctly, they will be teleported to the Minigame Challenge room, where players will compete in minigames. The winner will go on to the next level of the tournament, competing against players in (presumably) steadily increasing skill.

;Ola Ola
Ola Ola takes place in a maze set in a forest with three maps. The goal of this event is to reach the end within four minutes. At the top of each map there are a series of portals which may bring players to the next map, bring them back to the beginning of the current map, or fail to do anything whatsoever. In Ola Ola, the player will not be able to jump, haste, teleport, etc.

;Snowball
Snowball is a GM event where players are divided into two teams: Team Maple and Team Story. The goal is to push a giant snowball to the end of the stage before the other team by attacking it. The players can also attack a snowman which prevents the other team from pushing the snowball.

Other events include Christmas tree events, wedding events, drawing events and quest events: for example, find an item and return it to the event quest NPC or GM.

==MapleStory world==
:''Main article: [[MapleStory/Towns|Towns]]''

There are three main continents common to all versions in the MapleStory World: Maple Island, Victoria Island and Ossyria. There are also two subcontinents common to all versions in the MapleStory world: Florina Island and Ludibrium. Although Ludibrium is a subcontinent of Ossyria, some players consider Ludibrium to be a continent as well.

On JapanMS, there is an additional continent called Jipang based on Japanese culture; similarly, Fairy Tale Village is based on the Korean culture. It is unknown if this subcontinent will feature in other versions of the game, and which continent it belongs to. Peach Blossom Island is accessible only to ChinaMS and MapleSEA where couples take part in traditional Chinese marriages (via purchasing a large amount of Cash Shop items).

In addition, there are also event towns. Happyville is only available during the Christmas period. Premium Road has been made available to KoreaMS, JapanMS and ThailandMS; it can be accessed only if the player is connected from a real-life Internet Cafe which has previously made contracts with the local programming staff of MS.

==Monsters==
:''List of Monsters:[[MapleStory/Monsters|Monster List]]''

MapleStory differs from most other MMORPGs in that many of its monsters, especially low-level ones, are designed to look cute and harmless. Some notable exceptions are Curse/Evil/Cold Eyes, Werewolves, and Jr/Crimson Balrogs.

Monsters residing on the beginner island (Maple Island) are suited best to beginners, just as Victoria and Ossyria Islands' monsters are to higher levels.

Killing monsters gives the player experience, common drops (leftovers from the monsters), ores (used to make items), equipment, quest items (for certain types of quests), usable drops (potions, throwing-stars, etc.) and, during certain periods of time, &quot;set-up&quot; items, used for the special events. Usually the higher level monsters will have the more valuable drops, but low-level monsters can also drop scrolls, amongst other valuable items.

Some monsters are more vulnerable to certain elemental attacks. For example, fire boars are weak against ice-elemental attacks, while undead monsters such as zombie lupins are weak against holy attacks.

Other monsters are more or less vulnerable to the type of attack, whether it be weapon attack or magic attack. For example, a Sentinel (a monster residing in the Orbis Tower) is very armored against weapon attacks, making it hard for most characters other than mages to defeat, and Luster Pixies are less vulnerable to magic attacks.

Other monsters, such as Jr. Boogies, will use their own skills on characters in a certain range when attacked. These skills will include Sealing, which locks skills so that players cannot use them, Darkness, which decreases accuracy, Weakness, which disables jumping ability, and a curse that halves experience. Some monsters also have skills that can raise certain attributes of themselves or monsters around them. For example, Stone Golems, and Lunar Pixies can increase their weapon defense, and fairies can increase defense of other monsters around itself.

Some monsters can attack characters from a distance. Monsters like Sentinels, Torties, Lupins and Lunar Pixies, when attacked, will attack back with a physical attack, like the Lupin's Banana, or a magic attack, like the Luster Pixies' Magic Attack. Some monsters will attack without provocation; until a recent patch, the Nependeath would attack anything in range. More powerful monsters usually will have a very powerful area attack that can attack anything in its range. For example, some bosses, including the Mushmom and King Slime (found only in the Kerning City Accompaniment party quest), can slam into the ground, causing damage to anyone nearby. This can be avoided by jumping in-sync with the monster, climbing onto a ladder, or any method that allows you to avoid contact with the ground around the monster.

Zakum, a boss monster found only in a level 50 and above Party Quest, attacks with fire, ice, and poison-based attacks. It has a number of arms, each with an individual amount of life, which players must kill before attacking its main body. Zakum is considered by most players as the toughest monster in the game, though not the highest level, and can be extremely difficult to defeat, usually requiring two parties of very high level characters working together for an extended period of time. The Zakum party quest can last up to one hour or more. Correspondingly, the rewards for killing Zakum are great - experience points in the millions, and several drops and mesos. Zakum is currently unavailable in ThailandMS

Mushmom, a giant version of the smaller Orange Mushroom, only spawns at one map. The time taken of the Mushmom to spawn varies usually between 40 mins - 1 hour. The Mushmom is notoriously hard to kill, and must only be attempted by high-level characters. The Mushmom is famous for the famous Ilbis, the strongest throwing star. It is usually hard to kill it by oneself as it can be difficult to find an empty map (high-level characters might be stealing your kill), and also due to the Mushmom's high damage. Going in parties of four or five people is advisable if a person wants to hunt the Mushmom. The drops of the Mushmom can be split afterwards.

There is also an undead version of the Mushmom; Zombie Mushmom. It only spawns in one part of the dungeon, and is usually accompanied by Zombie Mushrooms. Unlike the Mushmom, it is stronger, but takes damage from &quot;Heal&quot;, a spell which only a cleric can learn, and it takes more damage from holy attacks. It usually spawns every 90 minutes or so.

==Cash Shop==
Since playing MapleStory is free, the developers of MapleStory introduced the '''Cash Shop''' to generate revenue. This is a virtual shop where players can buy items using real money. However, most items do not give bonuses to the character. The items sold in the Cash Shop include clothing items, haircut coupons, pets and many more.

Cash shop items are mainly for looks, and can only be obtained through the Cash Shop itself. Other than fancy equipment that the players can wear, some other items from the Cash Shop can also grant the players special abilities, such as negating the experience points lost from dying and giving players a 2x EXP gain bonus (only available in some versions of the game).
In MapleSEA, Gachapon tickets can be purchased in the Cash Shop. When used at designated Gachapon machines located around the Maple world, players can receive random items. Its effectiveness is highly debatable, however, as it can be equated to purchasing in-game items with cash. Opponents say this unbalances the game.

Pets can be useful apart from looking cute, mainly through the fact that they can be trained to pick up items and mesos for their owners, speeding up the training process, but to use these features, players have to buy extra items, for an example, if they want their pet to pick up their Mesos for them, a Meso Magnet must be purchased from Cash Shop and equip it to them. However, all cash items bought will disappear after 90 days. The only exceptions to this are inventory/storage expansions, effects of hair/surgery/tanning coupons, and pets, which revert into their &quot;doll&quot; forms and require reviving with a Cash Shop item &quot;Water of Life&quot; to be usable again.

Players who are not able to afford these items due to real life monetary constraints might trade the in-game currency, mesos, for the Cash Shop items. Scamming is likely to happen in such cases, which is why trading of in-game items for Cash Shop items is a bannable offense, even if the trade goes through successfully with no stealing involved.

Cash items are available for sale in the Cash Shop. There are two currencies the Cash Shop accepts. One is Nexon Cash, frequently shortened to NX Cash. MapleStory Points is the other currency used in the Cash Shop. NX Cash is purchased outside of MapleStory through the MapleStory web site. MapleStory Points, however, can be earned through special events. PayPal is the only accepted method in MapleStory Global, although Wizet has stated that they will soon implement direct credit card transactions. Additionally eChecks are currently not being accepted.

In MapleSEA's case, in addition to credit card payment (through PayPal), it has also released Prepaid cards that are sold at a fixed price of S$10.50 [Tax inclusive](approximately US$6.30) per 10,000 A-Cash (which can be used to convert into MapleCash) or RM 24 (approximately US$6.40) for 24,000 MOLePoints (which can be used to purchase 10,000 A-Cash).

==Game issues==
===Scamming===
Scamming is rather common in MapleStory, as in most MMORPGs. The most usual scamming type is tricking new players into selling items for several times less than their actual value, buying items for several times what they are actually worth, or by stealing their items. Scammers do this by daring other players to drop valuable items and then picking the item up before the player has a chance to pick it up again. This is aided by using an &quot;autoloot&quot; program to automatically pick up any items dropped nearby. This was later addressed by the MapleStory Global staff to be the &quot;drop game&quot;. In an older variation of the drop game, the player being scammed would be told to drop an item and type /mapclone, /mapsuperitem, or /map100 et cetera, causing the server to kick the user (and in some cases crash the client), allowing the other player to take the dropped item.

Another common scam is &quot;tab tab space enter&quot;. To perform this scam, a scammer will open a trade window with the victim, ask him or her to show the scammer a rare item, and try to get the victim to press this combination of keys. The key combination moves the cursor to the accept trade button and accepts the trade.

There are also some people who scam about faming (the act of increasing one's fame) since players cannot trade fame in a secure trading window. One will ask to buy or trade fame with other players, under the condition that the other player will fame them first. When the scammer receives the fame he/she will then leave without finishing the trade. There is little a MapleStory player can do about this since trading and buying/selling fame is not encouraged by the creators of the game.

In the Cash Shop, there is a &quot;Gift&quot; feature (currently in GlobalMS this feature is disabled). A player can buy that item and give it to another player.
Players would trade in-game items for the Cash Shop items. Since there is no trading window the items must be traded one at a time. Similarly to fame scamming, the scammer would take the other player's item first and not give the item they promised, either from the cash shop or the in game item. It is difficult to catch such scammers, as trading of Cash Shop items is deemed illegal, and players who get scammed dare not report them. Any user caught doing this will be banned if they are caught.

There are also some people who try to scam people together, as in one person hiding while the drop game is happening and jumping out and stealing the victim's item. There are also some cases where people in trading areas are trading something highly valuable for something of less value,
and usually have a partner who is selling the item the person is looking for on the other side of the map. Both characters log off when the item is bought.

Another technique that people use to gain money is to show someone a scrolled item. The person buying it will offer their price and put up the money. The person with the item could then say something that will allow them to close the trade. Later, the person with the item will retrade the buyer and tell them to put the money again. The item-holder will then put up an item with worse stats and accept the trade. The buyer could forget to check the stats and trade, thus losing money. A similar scam is using scrolls, since all scrolls with the same percent work-rate all look the same.

A less plausible technique would be to unequip all items, weapons, and clothing, and claim to be hacked, and has lost all their items and/or mesos (in game currency). They would then request people to donate items or mesos, and once the items/mesos are received, they would simply leave the area in the search for another victim, or re-equip the weapons and clothing to spite and mock the person who has donated.

===External programs===
Botting was a problem in MapleStory. Instead of playing their character, a player will leave a program to control their character. The program will automatically do a sequence of steps to kill enemies and gain experience for the character without human intervention. It is considered unfair as the player is able to gain experience for their character without actually playing the game. Maple Story is working to get rid of these &quot;bots&quot;. Anyone caught doing this will be banned or suspended for an extended period of time.

It was at one time common for players trying to enter a PQ (Party Quest) to use an auto-click program (or &quot;AC&quot;), but with the recent implementation of nProtect GameGuard into certain versions of MapleStory, the use of auto-click programs has become significantly less common.

Another problem that has become more common recently is keylogging, but the risk of losing one's account to keylogging has been decreased significantly due to the Security PIN feature that has been added. The keylogger records all keystrokes typed by the person and sends a log back to the hacker who then uses that username and password to try to log in to the account by guessing the PIN. However, keyloggers need to be installed into a computer for it to work and are usually contained in computer viruses.

Other programs such as &quot;Vaccing devices&quot; allow the user to enter in a code which enables the monsters in a map to be &quot;vaccuumed&quot; into a certain desired area enlisted by the user. This issue has been happening ever since MapleGlobal went out of its Beta stage. Although being caught vac hacking causes an instant ban, many users simply create a new character/account and begin their hacking spree again.

===Other issues===
Another issue about fame is &quot;mass defaming&quot;. When one person wants to &quot;mass defame&quot; another character, the player calls upon their friends or any other characters they may have to defame the other character, decreasing the victim's fame stat significantly. Although a defaming may not have any lasting effect in the game (as it is possible to buy fame from other players), some players threaten others with mass defames in the hope of intimidating others to do what they want, particularly to drive away other characters in the same training area.

Another issue is the existence of fake GMs (Game Masters). These characters are ordinary players who imitate names of GMs and claim to have GM powers. Some of the names include, but are not limited to, Wiznet, GlVl, GMDiddy022 and names with GM in the end. They pretend to be GMs and ask for money, items, or passwords, and threaten to ban players if they do not give them what they request. There are many ways to find out if a character is a GM. GMs always have a floating &quot;GM&quot; sign on top of their character and always type in a distinctive blue text. It is impossible to view the character information of a GM. If one spots a fake GM, they are able to alert a real GM by using a feature called &quot;Alert GM&quot;, which they can access by right clicking on the character. Wizet states that all GMs are full-time employees.

MapleStory was once plagued with inflation, as with many other MMORPGs (Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games). Wizet has now installed a tax system on the Global version of MapleStory and MapleSEA. This system taxes a certain percentage of money from the transaction. A percentage listed on a window below the trade window shows the amount deducted for trading amounts larger than 50,000 mesos, 100,000 mesos, and so on. This is an effort by Wizet to stop inflation.

===Security and reporting abuse===
Recently Wizet has added a loader called GameGuard created by nProtect to protect the MapleStory client from modification in the Global, Japanese, South East Asia and South Korea version of the game. Most of these autoloot programs have been blocked by GameGuard, which is also used by Softnyx for its Gunbound, Rakion games, Webizen for its &quot;MU Online&quot; game, and FlyFF, by Aeonsoft. Although GameGuard stops many hacks, hacking is still a problem. Though many players are skeptical of this, Godmode (invincibility) hacks still work under certain circumstances. The players who use this hack most likely train in obscure spots, or use Godmode to reach areas most people avoid. Contrary to popular belief, these players can be hard to catch, as GMs tend to stay in areas that have more people, and Godmoders can sign off or quickly and constantly change channels if they notice someone approaching. Lag also contributes to making them harder to catch, as if someone sees another player walk through an enemy undamaged, they will most likely think it was only because of the lag between the two characters.

The &quot;Alert GM&quot; feature can be accessed by right clicking on a character and selecting Alert GM. A window pop out that lets one choose the situation they want to alert this person for. An alert to a GM can be made only once a day. Too many false alerts from a player could result in penalties (such as suspensions like a banned account). This feature is more updated in the South Korea version, where now a player can report specifically what the abuse was.

The latest security measure implemented by Wizet is the &quot;''Security PIN''&quot; feature, which is currently implemented in the Global version. A keypad will appear on the screen and the user has to enter their PIN by clicking on the numbers with their mouse to access their account. It has been implemented so that hackers using keyloggers that only monitor keyboard button presses are not able to get into people's accounts. The numbers change position as well so that tracking the mouse will not reveal the PIN number either. More advanced keyloggers will take a screenshot whenever the left mouse button is clicked. However, every time the user presses a key, the keyboard changes completely randomly so it is harder to figure out what the PIN number is.

===Website requirements===
The MapleStory Global and MapleStory South Korea websites will only allow access from the newest version of Microsoft Internet Explorer browser, although Firefox users can access the page (in a limited fashion) by either using the NoScript extension or the [https://addons.mozilla.org/extensions/moreinfo.php?id=1419&amp;application=firefox/ IETab] extension.

==See also==
;Official websites
* [http://www.maplestory.com/ ''MapleStory'' portal] - Official MapleStory website
* [http://www.mapleglobal.com/ Global ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory Global (Requires Internet Explorer)
* [http://mxd.sdo.com/web2005/ Chinese ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory China
* [http://maplestory.nexon.co.jp/ Japanese ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory Japan
* [http://www.mapleSEA.com/ South East Asian ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory South East Asia/SEA
* [http://maplestory.nexon.com/ South Korean ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory South Korea (Requires Internet Explorer)
* [http://maplestoryt.nexon.com/ South Korean ''MapleStory'' TESTER site] - MapleStory South Korea Tester (Requires Internet Explorer)
* [http://www.maplestory.com.tw/ Taiwanese ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory Taiwan
* [http://maple.asiasoft.co.th/index.html Thai ''MapleStory'' site] - MapleStory Thailand
* MapleStory Europe Closed BETA
: [http://www.mapleeurope.com/index.aspx English]
: [http://www.mapleeurope.com/fr/index.aspx French]
: [http://www.mapleeurope.com/de/index.aspx German]
: [http://www.mapleeurope.com/es/index.aspx Spanish]
: [http://www.mapleeurope.com/nl/index.aspx Dutch]
* [http://www.wizet.co.kr/ Official ''MapleStory'' Developer site] - Wizet Corp., Ltd. Korean
* [http://www.wizet.com/japanese/index.html Official ''MapleStory'' Developer site] - Wizet Corp., Ltd. Japanese

;MapleStory fansites
* [http://www.hidden-street.net/ Hidden Street] - Library of game information [GlobalMS &amp; MapleSEA].
* [http://www.happymapling.net/ Happy Mapling] - Library of game information and outstanding community [GlobalMS &amp; MapleSEA].
* [http://www.basilmarket.com/ BasilMarket] - Item auctioning website and forums [GlobalMS &amp; MapleSEA].
* [http://maplestory.netgamers.jp/ A Drop of Maple] - Library of game information [JapanMS].
* [http://www.sleepywood.net/ Sleepywood] - Message board with extensive trading forum [GlobalMS].
* [http://www.mapletip.com Mapletip] - Library of information with unique features such as a [http://www.mapletip.com/maplewiki/index.php/Main_Page MapleWiki]. Also in [http://espanol.mapletip.com Spanish], [http://israel.mapletip.com Hebrew], and [http://japan.mapletip.com Japanese]. [GlobalMS &amp; MapleSEA].
* [http://sauna.gibbed.us/ Sauna] - Library of information taken directly from game client [GlobalMS].
* [http://omega.gibbed.us/ Omega Sector] - Library of information taken directly from the game client [JapanMS]
* [http://members2.tsukaeru.net/orz-orz/ Extreme] - Library of game information &amp; MS background music [JapanMS].
* [http://mxd.youxizhu.com/ Chinese Maple fansite] - Library of game information [cMS].

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  <page>
    <title>America's Army: Special Forces/SF Sandstorm Tactics</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>428481</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:54:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
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      <text bytes="4542" sha1="j3f6s0rua6r6ac4p2ecwvhoc0noyszq" xml:space="preserve">As (Loki &quot;The Noob&quot;) has already mentioned; if you have the RPK rush middle and prevail. But, there is a problem with that - flashbangs! Both sides are able to pitch em over the center and hit whoever is on the other side, which is quite effective. But still a rushing RPK can be devastating to a team. With the RPK one can usually average 10-15 kills a round, and you can perhaps hit 20 to 27 kills with great skill.

==West==
If you are on west it's a good idea to go for obj. A. The impatient ones will ask why? Well, here is why...high ground and cover. Obj. A has the house with windows and that busted up corner chardawal thing (what the hell is a chardawal?) If East rushes south into the valley picking em off as they come into sight is pretty easy from the corner...If they penetrate that whole in the east wall the person in the house can get em...also, if they are smart and 203 the windows of the house you can get em from the roof/patio thing to the south of the house (If you haven't eaten a 203 while in building of course). Also, as with all the obj. areas there are plenty of little hiding spots to hide in. My favorite spot is the busted corner, not only for the aforementioned reason, but because you can also watch the main south wall. Also if you are blazy and got a teammate to cover your back you can pass up the objective, rush into valley and clean up...this also prevents people from skulking around the obj and coming in the NE corner and taking the obj right after you left A. 

If west decides to rush B I recommend you coordinate SF w/ the RPK's...to throw flashes over while RPK rushes into the little room North of B and out into the NW courtyard...be careful though cuz East can get the high ground and has good cover to cover the two doors leading out. Smart players who encounter the B rush will start to hang in courtyard under cover and pick you off as you come out the door. Not only that, they can get onto the top level there and do the same thing. Because of the upper levels I also recommend that you have a guy or two on top of the NW building with the hole in the roof...watch our for 203's coming at ya though. Another good rush tactic for B is to stick to the south wall area coming out into the SW courtyard and possibly flanking the East team. I don't recommend rushing toward B then into the little alley leading to the NE whole cuz you will get popped in the back from above, course if you have guys on the NW building your good to go. But watch out for Easties just on the other side of the whole. 

Rushing South from West is also a good idea...You can get into the house faster than East can and having the high ground is always a good thing...Also going into the South valley from west can also be quite effective. Allot of times East is already on their way to B and you can get the obj. behind em and come up behind em as they go toward B. 

==East==
East is somewhat harder than west.

Rushing obj C. from East can be quite important...and holding it...stick around and make sure OpFor doesn't coming up outa valley and make you go &quot;WTF, I just took that obj.&quot; If you rush B do the same thing as you would from West...Flash and take north room. Also make sure a guy or two goes up onto the upper level and watches the alley between B buildings and the NW building. I should add here that obj. B is very important...It has it's down sides though...allot of approaches. If you are the last guy and have more than one obj. then try and camp the other...one guy holding B can be a challenge... although the stairs on the south wall is a very good place to whole up. Running south can be a pretty good strategy also. From South you can take valley and then into A...watch out for West coming outa the west into the SW courtyard though. If you discover that West is holding up around C then you can take valley and flank em. 

==Map Layout==
Even though this map is considered a CQB map it is very wide open and has allot of different options, so explore them! As with any good team, OpFor will adapt and you will have to change tactics and approaches. Also, don't be afraid to slow crouch around the map. This makes it hard for Opfor to hear you, which could be a critical edge. 

Also, pay attention to the objectives...can't count how many times OpFor has sent someone to each obj. and won the game in like 40 secs (kinda embarrassing). On the other hand don't be afraid to hold back and wait for the other team to rush...both sides can mow the other down as they come at em.

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  <page>
    <title>Rise of Nations/Ages</title>
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        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
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      <text bytes="13173" sha1="fqczoyyak8k6vdd94l2mzt4pmd4r5xd" xml:space="preserve">==Ancient (ca 2000 BC)==

The starting age of the game. The Ancient age offers only Foot troops and Tower defenses. Cities cannot increase above Small size, and Knowledge and Metal do not yet exist, so technologies and units that would cost Metal or Knowledge in future ages cost extra Wealth and Timber.This period of history represents the dawn of civilization. It was when humanity first learned to be an agricultural society around 10,000 B.C. and began to congealed to form Nations. The seeds of written language, mathematics and the Nation state was planted and germinated during these formative years of human history. It is the period when civilizations like the Egyptians and Babylonians were at their height, and when others like the Chinese and Greeks were on the ascension. It was when great monuments like the pyramids and the mysterious Sphinx was built. Causing even modern scholars to wonder how such feats of architecture could have been achieved by these ancient peoples. It was also when such clashes of civilizations like the legendary Trojan wars occurred to determined the fate of civilizations. A civilization could fade from human memory if they could not survive these formative years of human history. It was indeed a struggle. For this period stretched over many millennia and lasting until around 500 B.C. when finally new powers would come to fore to create what would become the cornerstones of occidental and oriental cultures. 

==Classical (1999 BC - 500 AD)==

Stables, Siege Factories, and Forts can be built, adding to the power of the attack. This is countered by cities increasing to Large size if there are 5 different types of buildings in their sphere of influence. Knowledge and Metal are introduced, and Universities and Mines can be built.The Classical age was so named because it was the height of the Greek Civilization, the father of western civilization. Strictly speaking, the Classical age lasted from around 500 B.C., that was marked by the Persian and Greek wars until the death of Alexander the Great in 300 B.C., having achieved the conquest of eastern Europe, the middle-east and south Asia. Which at the time was the largest empire the world has known. The mantle of western civilization would be taken up by the Roman Empire which would create a European Empire that would be the model of Empires and world powers to come. The Empire was forged in the Punic Wars with the Carthaginians and would create a dominion that not only included much of the Empire Alexander created but also included western Europe and North Africa. In Asia, this period also marked high points with the Chinese civilization which included the birth of Confucianism and the first unification of the Chinese civilization under Chin Shi Huang around 200 B.C. The game however, extends the Classical Age to around 500 A.D. to include the period of Roman domination of Europe, which shaped the character of Europe and its pivotal fall as an Empire. 

==Medieval (501 AD - 1299 AD)==

Forts become Castles, and Catapults can be upgraded to Trebuchets, which are significantly more powerful. Also, the key Supply Wagon unit is introduced (along with Spies), allowing for effective siege attacks. All unit types can receive upgrades. The Medieval age is considered the &quot;height of the defense curve,&quot; as it gets easier to attack after the introduction of the Supply Wagon, and in subsequent ages.The Medieval Age is synonymous with what is called the Middle Ages. This period covers the next millennium after the fall of Rome to the fall of the Byzantine Empire around 1500 A.D. It is called the Middle Ages because in history it lies between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance in Europe. The middle ages were a time of great political and social change. Much of Europe transitioned first to the feudal system, then with the growth of nationalism, monarchies arose in nations such as England, France, and Spain. During the middle ages, such well know events as the Hundred Years' War between France and England, the Crusades, and the War of Roses occurred. It also corresponded to the Muslim rule of India, the formation of the Japanese civilization, the continued ascension of the Chinese empire and the spread of Chinese confucianism and Indian Buddhist philosophy into the rest of East Asia. But also included the rise of the Mongol Empire which created the largest Empire in human history with their astounding conquests of almost all of Asia and into the doorstep of Europe. 

==Gunpowder (1300 AD - 1715 AD)==

The introduction of Arquebuses, Bombards, and Dragoons pushes the balance of power toward the attacker. The introduction of Gunpowder is one of the most significant developments in history, and in the game. Getting here with a significant lead could end the game in your favor - if you haven't sacrificed defense to do so, and been conquered in the Medieval Age!
This age starts with what corresponds to the Renaissance period in Europe, when the scientific stagnation that characterized the previous period of European history was firmly put to rest. Many great artists and scientist like Leonardo Di Vinci whose visionary ideals still amaze us today characterized this period. But also was marked by the invention of a fearsome new technology that was first used in China in limited fashion as far back as the 9th century A.D. The innovations in gunpowder and the pervasive use of gunpowder came after the middle ages in Europe where it was used in first crude cannons for knocking down walls. Its use was later refined and put to devastating effect when the Ottoman Turks broke through the heretofore impenetrable walls of Byzantium, and slaughtered troops in the thousands on the field with these early weapons of mass destruction. The use of gunpowder was further refined to allow individual soldiers to employ this weapon on a smaller scale with the use of the arquebus and later the musket. Soldier that could wield this new weapon effectively within months of training began to replace the need for archers that needed to train for years to be effective. This period was also marked by the age of exploration when European powers began to strike out to explore and often conquer the world. Spain became a world power with the weapon of this day. It enabled the Spanish to wipe out the Native American Empires in Central and South America with a few hundred adventurer soldiers called Conquistadors. Near the end of this period England would also rise to the occasion and began to take the world power title from the Spanish with such strong leaders as Elizabeth the First. They were not alone of course. France, Portugal and the Dutch also did their share of exploration and conquests. Men such as Magellan, Pizarro, and Columbus were the tip of this European vanguard. This period lasted a mere two centuries until around the 1700's but the world now moves much faster than the earlier periods of history. 

==Enlightenment (1716 AD - 1880 AD)==

Heavy Infantry first gain ranged weapons in the Enlightenment Age, and all units gain significant upgrades, especially Cannon, which go from being primarily siege weapons to having a strong anti-personnel role as well.
The Age of Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Reason in Europe. Beginning around 1700 A.D. and lasting to the middle of the 19th Century. It was characterized by the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of nature and humanities' place in it without resorting to religious beliefs. The age of Enlightenment saw many new ideas throughout Europe. Philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Voltaire discussed ideas about government, society, human nature, natural rights and questioned old beliefs that had been upheld by the church. At times it became a conflict between religion and the inquiring minds that wanted to know and understand the world through reason based on evidence and proof. Great scientific minds like Sir Isaac Newton would establish the scientific methods that we still use today. It was also a period of clashes in political philosophy as republicanism went up against Monarchies when Napoleon attempted to take over all of Europe, and America fought for its independence from England. Despite that, England grew to its height. The initial steps towards being a world power in the previous centuries was confirmed in the Victorian age when they could boast that the Sun never sets on the British Empire. Indeed by they had claim to colonial possessions around the globe.

==Industrial (1881 AD - 1935 AD)==

A key moment in history and in the game, as new rare resources are introduced, and Oil becomes a necessary commodity. Offsetting this additional economic worry are the enormously powerful Tanks and Airplanes that defined modern warfare.The Industrial Age was ushered in by England in the middle of the 19th Century. Mass production and mechanization was the order of the day, and enabled those who embraced it to overcome those who didn't and often against overwhelming numerical odds. England's hold on the world was enabled by this paradigm, as they took over much Africa and caused the collapse of dynastic rule in China. Rifles and Machine guns were invented during this time, and caused massive casualties to the targets of these weapons. The American Civil war saw losses in the tens of thousands in just one battle, greater than the combined American casualties of later wars as soldiers struggled to adjusted to these weapons using outdated tactics. This period lasted through to the first quarter of the 20th century, which saw the invention of chemical weapons, the tank and the airplane. All of which saw action in the First World War. It was called a world war for the reason that the limits of influence and communication no longer was restricted to between neighboring countries or even continents, but stretched across the globe. Nations across the globe was embroiled in this single conflict in some way. 

==Modern (1936 AD - 1968 AD)==

Primitive unit types introduced in the Industrial Age now become potent weapons of war, as Tanks, Fighters , Bombers , and Cruise Missiles become available. The all-important Tactical Nuclear Weapon makes its first appearance in this era, which should incite the wise commander to spread his forces a little more sparsely on the battlefield. The Modern Age lasted between the end of the First World War to the 1980's with the end of the cold war. It was punctuated by the Second World War, which became the biggest conflict in human history as democracies faced the forces of fascism across the globe. This period saw the refinements of inventions and previous technologies to a high level. This culminated with development of the Atomic Bomb that ended the Second World War with the defeat of Fascist Germany and Japan. In a peaceful form of competition between nations, technological development continued with the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the United States. Each vying for sole super power status during the Cold War. However it was also against the background of proxy wars in Korea and Vietnam. Despite inconclusive results or even effective losses in these two conflicts. America winning the Space Race with its Landing of men on the Moon in 1969, combined with the American Capitalist economic system would prevailed over the communist economy championed by the Soviet Union. America would eventually become the sole super power in the World. 

==Information (1969 AD - future)==

All modern upgrades to Economy, Technology, and Military are now available, including Stealth Bombers, ICBMs, and powerful Main Battle Tanks. Once all technologies in the Information Age are researched, special additional technologies become available to bring the game to a dramatic finish.  The Information age represents the age we are now in. It became known by this name in the 1980's when the internet brought information accessibility to the masses like never before. But really began with the invention of the electronic computer in the 1940's when it was used to decrypt enemy communications. A single room size machine eventually evolved into a world wide communication network that its creators never dreamed of. The Jet plane that was invented at the end of the Second World War, not only matured at a rapid pace, it made leaps into Stealth Technology that would make obsolete, what was an advanced technology called radar that was invented during the Second World War that defended England's shores from Nazi Germany. This rapid pace of development and obsolescence of previous technology parallels the speed of communication mediums that travels at the speed of light. Technological viability that was measured in centuries in the ancient times, reduced to decades and then to years in the Information Age. Moore's Law that says that technological leaps would double the performance its predecessors every year or so is the order of the day. Indeed in Rise of Nations game ending technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Global Prosperity allows your nation to create troops or assimilate a captured city instantaneously.

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  <page>
    <title>A Field Guide to Final Fantasy's Creatures and Monsters/List 3</title>
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The following is a list of '''non-sentient creatures''' from the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' series and the titles in which they appear. For a list of '''sentient races and beings''', see the [[Races of Final Fantasy|Races of ''Final Fantasy'']].

{{nihongo|'''''[[Final Fantasy]]'''''|ファイナルファンタジー|Fainaru Fantajī}} is a popular series of [[computer role-playing game|role-playing games]] produced by [[Square Enix]] (originally [[Square Co., Ltd.]]). Monsters and creatures are common enemies within the games as [[antagonist]]s to the [[Player character|playable characters]], with usually no relevance to the storyline.

{{For|the remainder of the list of creatures|Final Fantasy bestiary}}

== Ochu ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Ochu
|-
|  [[Image:Ho-Chu (Final Fantasy VII) PC.jpg|120px|Ho-Chu (Final Fantasy VII - PC)]]
|}

The '''Ochu''' is one of the four classic monsters to originate directly from [[Dungeons and Dragons]], the other three being Sahag, Beholder, and MingFlayer.  The Ochu is based on the Dungeons and Dragons' Otyugh (also known as ''Gulguthra'') which is a [[subterranean]] monster. Their described appearance is having huge, bloated bodies covered with a rock-like skin that is brownish gray in color, which is in turn covered with [[dung]]. They stand on three thick legs that give them slow ground movement but enable them to pivot quickly. They have three eyes on a leaf-like stalk that moves quickly from side to side, enabling them to scan a large area. The Ochu can fall asleep to regain some of its lost health, if woken up from its slumber by an attack, it unleashes a powerful earthquake.

Appeared in:
* ''Final Fantasy'' as '''Ochu'''/'''Ocho'''
* ''Final Fantasy VII'' as '''Ho-Chu'''
* ''Final Fantasy VIII'' through ''Final Fantasy X''/''[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'', ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy: Crystal Chronicles]]'' as '''Ochu'''
* Also in ''Final Fantasy X'' as '''Lord Ochu''' (boss), '''Ochu''' (Found later than Lord Ochu) and '''Mandragora'''
* ''Final Fantasy Tactics'' as '''Ochu''' and '''Lord Ochu'''
* ''Final Fantasy Tactics Advance'' as a Malboro and a Great Malboro, respectively named '''Ochu''' and '''Lord Ochu'''
* ''Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles'' as '''Ochu'''

{{Seealso|Otyugh}}
{{-}}
==Oglop==
Appearing only in [[Final Fantasy IX]], the '''Oglop''' is a small buglike creature, and whilst you never get to battle an Oglop, they appear throughout the game. For reasons not revealed to the player, most denizens of the game's world find Oglops extraordinarily annoying and are depicted as apparently somewhat repulsive to most people (similar to how many are disgusted by creatures such as [[worm]]s). It may be somewhat related to their erratic bouncing, the squelching noise they make and their skull-like facial features. They were seen first as part of Tantalus' plot to kidnap the princess, where they are planned to be used as a distraction due to their repulsive nature. Later on, when you first meet Regent Cid, you find out he has been transformed into an Oglop by his wife, Hilda, as he was being unfaithful to her.

{{section-stub}}

== Omega Weapon ==
'''Omega''' is the strongest opponent in the entire series put together. It first made its first appearance in [[Final Fantasy V]]. It is the final boss in ''[[Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII|Dirge of Cerberus]]''.

Appeared in:
*''[[Final Fantasy]]'' (Dawn of Souls) as '''Omega'''
*''[[Final Fantasy V]]'' as '''Omega'''
*''[[Final Fantasy V]]'' (Advance) as '''Omega''' and '''Omega Mk. II'''
*''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''/''[[Final Fantasy VII#Compilation of Final Fantasy VII|VII Compilation]]''/''[[Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII|D.o.C.]]'' as '''Omega Weapon'''
*''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' as '''Omega Weapon'''
*''[[Final Fantasy X]]''/''[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'' as '''Omega Weapon''' 
*''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' as '''Omega''' and '''Proto-Omega'''
*''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' as '''Omega Mk. XII'''
*''[[Final Fantasy Unlimited]]'' as '''Omega'''

==Orc==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Orc
|-
|  [[Image:Orc (Final Fantasy).jpg|200px|right|Orc - ''Final Fantasy XI'' - PC/PS2/Xbox360]]
|}

Orcs are common fantasy creatures originally conceived by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] in his fictional works concerning the world of [[Middle-earth]]. Orcs are featured in ''Final Fantasy XI'' as a race of [[Final Fantasy bestiary (A-E)#Beastmen|Beastmen]].

Within the realm of [[Vana'diel]], lust for combat and conquest drives most of the Orcs to join the ranks of their Imperial Army. All Orcs — male and female — are required to participate in years of military training, and even their social structure is based on military ranks.

Orcs have tribal hierarchy based on strength; those who prove most formidable in battle are higher in the pecking order; stronger orcs even employ means (such as attaching heavy weights to well-water buckets) to deny those weaker than themselves access to common resources.

From outward appearances, their cultural belief systems seem based in something like shamanism; magic-users, for instance, cover their heads with a hood which prevents the visual senses from being used, presumably in order to heighten their other senses.

While their technology appears rudimentary (most Orcish armor is evidently fashioned from leather, bone, and wood), they do employ metal weapons where available.

{{Seealso|Orc|Ogre}}

== Papaopamus ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Papaopamus
|-
|  [[Image:Papaopamus1.JPG|180px|Papaopamus]]
|}

Appearing only in [[Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles]], the '''Papaopamus''' is a large blue with silvery mane supposed hybrid of a hippopotamus and a horse. They don't play a role in the game other than being seen towing the caravan wagons in cut scenes and on the world map. They are docile but slow-moving.
{{-}}
== Qiqirn ==
A race of diminutive rat-like beastmen that reside with the civilized races of Vana'diel. They tend to have an easygoing and cheerful personality, but have difficulty speaking the common language used by the civilized races due to their unusual vocal cords. Even so, it is not uncommon see a Qiqirn working as assistant due to their reliability and surprisingly quick wits. According to their oral tradition, the ancestors of the Qiqirn lived a nomadic life in the northern lands. Remnants of the Qiqirn's ancient lifestyle may be seen in their unique customs, such as their sheep-led wagon homes, their leather clothing, and their habit of carrying their valuables with them at all times.

== Quadav ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Quadav
|-
|  [[Image:Quadav.jpg|180px|Quadav (Final Fantasy XI - PC/PS2/Xbox360)]]
|}

The Quadav are a race of turtle-like bipeds that inhabit certain swampy regions, as well as subterranean caverns, on the continent of Quon in [[Vana'diel]], the world in which ''Final Fantasy XI'' takes place. The Quadav are one of the races of [[Beastmen]] depicted in the game.

Apparently closely tied to the earth in which they work and live, the Quadav identify themselves individually and culturally with the materials with which they work. As their shells thicken with age, the titles given to individual Quadav change. Within their strict caste system, those chosen to serve in the Elite Guard are given titles portraying hard and precious metals, while those chosen to be magicians are given titles taken from precious gems.

The Quadav have long possessed an understanding of metallurgical technology, and have adapted their skills in metalworking to even create fire-fueled incubators with pipes to carry warm air into the ground to warm the damp caves where their eggs are kept. The incursion of miners from the Bastok nation have repressed the Quadav and driven them out of territories which they have long occupied, to which they respond with aggressive acts against most foreigners they encounter.

== Sahagin ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Sahagin
|-
|  [[Image:Sahagin FFXI.jpg|120px|Sahagin (Final Fantasy XI - PC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Image:Sahagin (Final Fantasy VII) PC.jpg|120px|Sahagin (Final Fantasy VII - PC)]]
|}

The '''Sahagins''' are one of the four monsters of the original Final Fantasy game to directly originate from the [[Dungeons and Dragons]] game, the other three being the Otyugh (called &quot;Ocho&quot;), Mind-Flayer, and Beholder.  However, the sahuagins are originally based on old [[Eastern Europe]]an legends of [[hag]]s, also referred to as &quot;sea hags&quot;. These were creatures similar to the Greek [[siren]] which appeared to sailors as beautiful women. However, as the sailors neared them, they revealed their true form, that of an ugly old woman, and eventually led them to their doom.&lt;br&gt; But their names and exact shapes are related to Sahuagins from Dungeons and Dragons.

Sahagin's are primarily a water type enemy, usually appearing early in the game as a low-level monster. Their appearance can vary, in ''Final Fantasy VII'' and ''Final Fantasy IX'' they are seen as turtle like. While in ''Final Fantasy X'' and ''Final Fantasy XI'' they are seen more fish-like. Sometimes a desert-variety appears before the water-variety, and it primarily uses wind-attacks.

Appeared in:
* ''Final Fantasy'' as '''Sahagin'''/'''Sahag'''
* ''Final Fantasy VII'', ''Final Fantasy IX'' through ''Final Fantasy XI'' (including ''Final Fantasy [[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'') and ''[[Final Fantasy: Crystal Chronicles]]'' as '''Sahagin'''
* ''Final Fantasy III'' as '''Sahuagin'''
* ''Final Fantasy IV'' as '''WaterHag'''
* ''Final Fantasy IV Advance'' as '''Desert Sahagin''', '''Sahagin''', and '''Sahagin Prince'''
* ''Final Fantasy V'' as '''Fins'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy Mystic Quest]]'' as '''WaterHag''' ('''Desert Hag''' is named '''Sahuagin''' in the [[Japanese language|Japanese]] [[Software localization|localization]] while the [[English language|English]] localization's '''WaterHag''' is named otherwise)

{{Seealso|Sahagin|Sahuagin}}
{{-}}
== Sand Worm ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Sand Worm
|-
|  [[Image:Sand Worm FFX.jpg|180px|Sand Worm/Earth Worm (Final Fantasy X/[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]] - PS2)]] &lt;br /&gt;[[Image:Land Worm (Final Fantasy VII) PC.jpg|180px|Land Worm (Final Fantasy VII - PC)]]
|}

The '''Sand Worm''' resembles a large [[earthworm]] and is commonly found living in [[desert]] areas. As such it was most likely influenced by the Sand Worms in Frank Herbert's [[Dune]] series. It has a tendency to swallow and regurgitate party members.

The '''Sand Worm''' also has a surprisingly large amount of HP which may prove daunting to weak parties. It can also cause earthquakes with its size and weight. It also generates cyclones with their large exhaled breaths.

Appeared in:
* ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' through ''[[Final Fantasy V]]'', ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy Mystic Quest]]'' as '''Sand Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' also as '''Gigas Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as '''Aqua Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'' as '''Red Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IV Advance]]'' as '''Sand Worm''', '''Flood Worm''', '''Abyss Worm''', and '''Gigas Worm''' (Boss)
* ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'', ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' as '''Land Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' as '''Hoover''' and '''Zone Eater'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' as '''Abyss Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' also as '''Abyss Worm''' (via the Monster Arena, as part of the Area Conquest Creations)
* ''Final Fantasy [[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'' as '''Earth Worm'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy: Crystal Chronicles]]'' as '''Cave Worm''' (Boss)

{{Seealso|Sandworm (Dune)}}

== Seal ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Seal
|-
| [[Image:FFIXSealion.png|120px|Sealion (Final Fantasy IX)]]
|}

'''Seal''' is encountered as a boss or a tough enemy in ''[[Final Fantasy]]''. They are usually affiliated with ice or water elemental. The name of this creature is different depending on which ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' it's in. They are based from marine mammals: seals and sealions.

Appeared in:
*''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' as ''Snowlion'' in the American version and '''Arctic Seal''' in the [[Japan|Japanese]] version
*''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' as ''Sealion''

{{Seealso|Sealion}}

== Shoopuf ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Shoopuf
|-
| [[Image:Shoopuf.jpg|right|180px|Shoopuf artwork (Final Fantasy X/[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]] - PS2)]] [[Image:Shoopuf FFX.jpg|120px|Shoopuf (Final Fantasy X/[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]] - PS2)]]
|}

A strange, [[Amphibian|amphibious]] [[elephant]]ine creature that appears in ''[[Final Fantasy X]]'' and ''[[Final Fantasy X-2]]'' which is used for traveling purposes, the '''Shoopuf''' apparently doesn't eat, seeming to nourish itself from zooplankton it inhales from its long snout. The [[#Hypello|Hypello]] tribe drive shoopuf ferries across the [[Locations in Spira#Moonflow|Moonflow]].
{{-}}
== Stilva ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Stilva
|-
| [[Image:Materiakeeper.jpg|120px|Materia Keeper]] [[Image:StilvaIX.png|120px|Stilva (Final Fantasy IX)]]
|} 

'''Stilva''' is a usually a giant red or green insect creature with a rhino-beetle head. They are also one of the toughest enemies encountered near the last dungeon. In '''[[Final Fantasy VII|VII]]''' Stilva uses '''Magic Breath''', an enemy skill which the player can obtain. As the ''Materia Keeper'', the enemy skill Trine can be obtained which proves to be one of the most useful attacks at this point of the game. In '''[[Final Fantasy IX|IX]]''', ''Stilva'' can use ''Mustard Bomb'', an enemy skill which Quina can obtain if s/he successfully eats the monster.   

Appeared in:
*''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as '''''Stilva''''' and ''Materia Keeper''
*''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' as '''''Stilva''''' and ''Blazer Beetle''
*''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' as '''Stilva''' and ''Preying Mantis''

== Summon ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Summon
|-
| [[Image:Bahamut FFXI.jpg|180px|Bahamut (Final Fantasy XI - PC)]]
|}

'''[[Magic in the Final Fantasy series#Summon Magic|Summon magic]]''' is one of the principal types of magical attack in the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' series. A summoning spell brings a powerful monster onto the field of battle, who will typically perform a major attack on every opponent. The creatures first appeared in ''Final Fantasy III'' as '''Summons''' and are also referred to as Summons in ''Final Fantasy IV'' and ''Final Fantasy V''.

''Final Fantasy VI'' is the first title to use a new name for the creatures, referring to them as '''Espers''' and it is also the first time that summons play a role in a ''Final Fantasy'' title. ''Final Fantasy Tactics'' refers to them as summoned monsters and only those of the [[Final Fantasy Tactics#Job classes|Summoner class]] can call them to battle. In ''Final Fantasy VII'', summons become part of the [[Materia]] system. In ''Final Fantasy VIII'', they are referred to as '''Guardian Forces''' and are important to the storyline once again. Their importance to the storyline continues in ''Final Fantasy IX'' as '''Eidolons''', and in ''Final Fantasy X'' and its sequel ''Final Fantasy X-2'', where they are '''Aeons'''. The anime ''Final Fantasy Unlimited'' used a variety of '''Summons''', with some left over for the series aftermath. ''Final Fantasy XI'' includes them as '''Avatars'''. ''Final Fantasy XII'' reused the term Esper and they again become prominent in the story.

{{Seealso|Summon magic (Final Fantasy)|Final Fantasy magic}}

== Tiamat ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Tiamat
|-
| [[Image:Tiamatxi.jpg|120px|Tiamat (Final Fantasy XI - PC/PS2)]] [[Image:Tiamat FFIX.png|120px|Tiamat (Final Fantasy IX - PS)]]
|}

'''Tiamat''' is a primeval [[goddess]] in [[Mesopotamian mythology|Babylonian and Sumerian mythology]], and a central figure in the ''[[Enûma Elish]]'' creation epic. The text ''[[tehom]]'' appears in various [[Semitic languages|Semitic]] texts, simply meaning ''the deep''. ''Tiamat'' is a depersonalised version of this text, as '-at' is a feminine suffix. Apparently Tiamat was an ocean goddess that created the world with her husband Apsu, and when he got killed Tiamat went mad/evil and tried to destroy the gods, which were her children. She transforms in to a dragon at the fight. The ''Tiamat'' appearing in [[Computer and video games|video game]]s bears the appearance of a five-headed (sometimes three-headed) [[dragon]] which has no relation to the appearance of the actual ''Tiamat's'' appearance, since she only had one head.

In ''Final Fantasy IX'', ''Tiamat'' appears two times, one as a regular version seen on the right, and one as a bizarre colored version which appears in the [[List of Final Fantasy IX locations|Crystal World]]. In ''Final Fantasy XII'', Tiamat is a boss that appears as a large wyrm with a giant floating ring around its head, evoked from its slumber within the Henne Mines by the Nethicite. Tiamat also appears in ''Final Fantasy XI'' as a powerful dragon NM (Notorious Monster) known as a '''Wyrm'''.

Appeared in:
* ''Final Fantasy'', ''Final Fantasy II'', ''Final Fantasy VIII'', ''Final Fantasy IX (boss)'' , ''Final Fantasy XI'', ''Final Fantasy XII (boss)'' and ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics]]'' as '''Tiamat'''
* ''Final Fantasy IV'' as '''Wyvern'''

{{Seealso|Tiamat|Four Fiends}}

== Tonberry ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Tonberry
|-
|  [[Image:Ff9-tonberry.jpg|120px|Tonberry artwork (Final Fantasy IX - PS)]] [[Image:Tonberry (Final Fantasy VII) PC.jpg|80px|Tonberry (Final Fantasy VII - PC)]] [[Image:Tonberry FFXI.jpg|120px|Tonberry (Final Fantasy XI - PC)]]
|}

{{Main|Tonberry}}

A '''[[Races of Final Fantasy#Tonberry|Tonberry]]''' is quite small, usually no larger than two or three feet tall. It has green skin and a round head with a small snout and round yellow eyes; it walks on two legs and resembles, to some small degree, a bipedal [[lizard]]. However, it always wears a hooded cloak, usually plain brown or grey in color, and its [[dolphin]]-like tail can be seen peeking out from beneath the hem. A Tonberry always carries two things: a [[lantern]] in one hand to light its way through the caves, and a long, sharp chef's [[knife]] in the other.  Most of their incarnations possess the ability to deal extreme damage or instant death (usually by a short stab) to one or all members of the player's party, earning them their notorious reputation. In ''Final Fantasy XI'' there were a subgroup of Tonberries known as Cryptonberries found mainly in the ruins of Pso'Xja.

In ''Crystal Chronicles'', there were Tonberry Chefs, which you had to kill all of them to make the boss of that area appear.

Appeared in:
* ''Final Fantasy V'' as '''Dinglberry''' (short for '''Dingleberry''')
* ''Final Fantasy VI'' as '''Pug''' or '''Pugs''' when in a group, there was also an optional boss called '''Master Pug'''
* ''Final Fantasy VII'' through ''Final Fantasy XI'' (including ''Final Fantasy [[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]''), and ''[[Final Fantasy: Crystal Chronicles]]'' as '''Tonberry''' and '''Tonberry Chef'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy Tactics Advance]]'' as '''Tonberry''' and '''Masterberry'''
* ''Final Fantasy VIII'' also as '''Tonberry King''', who, if you beat him, turns into a [[Magic in the Final Fantasy series#Summon Magic|Guardian Force]].
* ''Final Fantasy X'' also as '''Master Tonberry''' and '''Don Tonberry''' (via the Monster Arena, as part of the Area Conquest Creations)
* ''Final Fantasy X-2'' also as a larger (similar to Jumbo Cactuar) variation called '''Mega Tonberry''' (underneath Bevelle)
* ''Final Fantasy XI'' as the following Tonberry [[Beastmen]] - '''Creeper''', '''Harasser''', '''Hexer''', '''Jinxer''', '''Chopper''', '''Shadower''', '''Cutter''', '''Harrier''', '''Stalker''', '''Dismayer''', '''Maledictor''', '''Pursuer''', and '''Stabber'''.
*In ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' it appeared as a special Gummi Ship blueprint that can be obtained through Gummi Ship missions.

==Ultima Weapon==
'''Ultima Weapon''' is considered one of the strongest opponents in the series. Its appearance changes from each game. It can be obtained as a usable sword in some of the [[Final Fantasy|Final Fantasy games]]. It has a powerful attack called '''''Ultima Beam''''', as well to cast the spell ''Ultima''. In ''[[Final Fantasy VII|FFVII]]'' it is part of the storyline. While in ''[[Final Fantasy VIII|VIII]]'' it holds the ''final'' '''guardian force''' ''Eden''. It originally made its first appearance in ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]''.

Appeared in:
*''[[Final Fantasy II]]'' ''(Dawn of Souls)'' as '''Ultima Weapon'''
*''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' as '''Ultima Weapon''' in ''Japanese'' and ''Atma Weapon'' in ''English''
*''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as '''Ultima Weapon''' in ''Japanese'' and '''Ultimate Weapon''' in ''English''
*''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' as '''Ultima Weapon'''
*''[[Final Fantasy X]]''/''[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'' as '''Ultima Weapon'''
*''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' as '''Ultima''' and '''Proto-Ultima'''

==Unknown==
'''Unknown''' are creatures that are often disfigured and odd looking. They make their homes in dungeons and are often difficult to defeat. They can usually decimate a party single-handedly. They originally appeared in ''[[Final Fantasy V]]''.

Appeared in:
* ''[[Final Fantasy V]]'' as '''Unknown Green Slime 47''', '''Unknown Skeleton 47''', '''Unknown Spore 41''', and '''Unknown Worm 46'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as '''Unknown''', '''Unknown 2''', and '''Unknown 3'''

==Wendigo==
'''Wendigo''' is often a huge ape-like beast that has made multiple appearances in [[Final Fantasy]]. It is usually very big and has white fur.  It sometimes appears as a floating creature with no legs, which while seeming strange in contrast to the other more traditional [[Bigfoot]]-like forms, is probably more accurate to the [[Wendigo]] of [[Anishinaabe]] mythology from which the creature is based.  Its swap palette is called '''Sasquatch''' or '''Yeti'''.

Appeared in:
*''[[Final Fantasy II]]'' as '''Wendigo''', '''Sasquatch''' and '''Yeti'''
*''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' as '''Wendigo''' 
*''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' as '''Wendigo''' 
*''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' as '''Yeti'''
*''[[Final Fantasy X]]''/''[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'' as Ogre-type Fiend '''Wendigo'''(Boss)
*''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' as Headless type Giants '''Wendigo''' and as Behemoth-type giant '''Yeti'''

{{-}}

==Yagudo==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Yagudo
|-
|  [[Image:Yagudo.jpg|180px|Yagudo (Final Fantasy XI - PC/PS2/Xbox360)]]
|}

The '''Yagudo''' are a race of birdlike bipeds inhabiting the continent of Mindartia in the world [[Vana'diel]] depicted in ''Final Fantasy XI''. The Yagudo are a race of [[Final Fantasy bestiary (A-E)#Beastmen|Beastmen]].

Violently devout and ritualistic, the Yagudo are a race of religious zealots, their society appearing to be based on a strict religious hierarchy. Yagudo show little technological development, living instead in austere constructions of wattle-and-daub, as well as cliffside caves. Their most formidable architectural construct is Castle Oztroja, which may be more appropriately considered a temple than a castle, for it exists as a gateway to the location of the manifestation of their Godhead, known as &quot;the avatar.&quot; They use few tools or weapons, except for occasional clubs and swords, and wear no armor, excepting the fact that magic-using classes cover their faces with ceremonial masks.

While apparently unconcerned with efforts of conquest, as the Orcish race is, the Yagudo's primary conflict with outsiders comes as a response to disputes over the right to occupy the land which they consider to be hereditarily and traditionally their own. The Yagudo hold a tentative treaty of non-aggression with the Tarutaru nation of Windurst, representing the only case of such between a Beastman race and a developed nation.

== Zu ==
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! Zu
|- 
| [[Image:Zuxi.jpg|180px|Zu (Final Fantasy XI - PC/PS2)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Image:Zu FFX.jpg|180px|Zu (Final Fantasy X/[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]] - PS2)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Image:Zuu (Final Fantasy VII) PC.jpg|180px|Zuu (Final Fantasy VII - PC)]][[Image:ZuuFFIX.png|159px|Zuu (Final Fantasy IX)]][[Image:ZuuFFV.png|60px|Zuu (Final Fantasy V)]]
|}

In [[Akkadian mythology|Mesopotamian mythology]], '''Zu''' (called '''Anzu''' in [[Persian language|Persia]] and [[Sumer]]) was a lesser [[god]], the son of the [[bird]] [[goddess]] ''[[Siris (goddess)|Siris]]''. Both ''Zu'' and Siris are seen as massive birds who can breathe [[fire]] and [[water]], although ''Zu'' is alternately seen as a [[lion]]-headed [[eagle]] (compare with the ''[[Griffin]]''). In ''Final Fantasy XI'', the ''Zu'' appears as a noticeably smaller, more [[vulture]]-like species.

Appeared in:
* ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' as '''Roc'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy III]]'' as '''Rukh''' and '''Simurgh'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'' as '''Raven''' and '''Roc'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IV Advance]]'' as '''Zu''', '''Roc''', and '''Stratoavis'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy V]]'', ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' and ''Final Fantasy IX'' as '''Zuu'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' as '''Harpiai''', '''Harpy''', and '''Aquila'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy IX]]'' as '''Zuu'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''/''[[Final Fantasy X-2|X-2]]'' as Roc-type Fiends: '''Zu''', '''Garuda''', '''Starto Avis''', '''Ruhk'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy XI]]'' as '''Zu''', '''Ba''', '''Carrion Crow''', '''Toucan''', etc.
* ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]'' as '''Zu''', '''Dive Talon''', '''Garuda''', '''Vulture''', '''Pyrolisk''', '''Charybteryx'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy Mystic Quest]]'' as '''Pazuzu''' and '''Zuh'''
* ''[[Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles]]'' as '''Zu'''

{{Seealso|Zu (god)}}

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    <title>Super Smash Bros. Melee/Non-playable characters/Giga Bowser</title>
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[[File:Giga Bowser trophy.jpg|thumb|Giga Bowser's trophy]]
[[File:Bowser trophy SSBM.jpg|thumb|Regular Bowser's trophy for comparison]]

'''Giga Bowser''' ('''Giga Koopa''' in [[Japanese language|Japanese]]) is a fictional, nonplayable character from ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]''. He is the Secret Boss (A secret, stronger, and hard to reach Boss that comes after the &quot;final&quot; boss) of Adventure Mode, appearing directly after [[../../Characters/Bowser|Bowser]] when certain conditions are met, which are as follows:

*Be playing the game on Normal, Hard, or Very Hard difficulty.
*Get to and defeat Bowser in under 18 minutes.
*Do not use continues.
*Any stock and character may be used.

Giga Bowser is also the main enemy of Event Match 51 (The Showdown), with [[../../Characters/Mewtwo|Mewtwo]] and [[../../Characters/Ganondorf|Ganondorf]] by his side, acting as bodyguards, in a sense. Giga Bowser is not actually substantially stronger than regular Bowser, but receives an enormous handicap in Adventure mode (Not in the Event Match, but in the Event Match he's slightly bigger than his default size). However, he is greatly intimidating and has one definite edge over Bowser: his reach. He has a reach so large, he can hit the player from virtually anywhere on Final Destination.

==Description==
Giga Bowser looks almost identical to the regular Bowser. However, he is about twice as big. His horns are much longer and his eyes are more insane than Bowser's concentrated expression. Giga Bowser's tail is plated and has many more spikes on it, as does his shell. His overall color, especially his shell, is somewhat darker. His size is very easily shown by the size of his spawn platform (The small, glowing, floating platform that characters stand on after dying). Most characters' spawn platforms are about as large as a party ball, and the Ice Climbers' is about 1.5 times the size of it. Giga Bowser's is nearly the size of the Battlefield Stage. If Giga Bowser were to be played in a giant melee and were to touch a Super Mushroom, he would almost be too big to fit on Final Destination. This can be attempted by using Debug Mode with an Action Replay (See Playable Giga Bowser below).

==Moves==
Giga Bowser controls identically to Bowser, although his moves have slightly different effects. Mostly, they are the types of damage. Firebreath obviously does Fire Damage, but other moves do different things, such as Electric Damage from his Up Smash.

Here is a list of what kind of damage which move does:

Fire damage:

Firebeath, 
Forward Smash

Electric Damage:

Up Smash, 
Neutral A in the air, 
Back A in the air, 
Down A in the air, 
Grab attack (press A while grabbing a character), 
Up throw (tap up while grabbing), 

Shadow Damage:

Tilt Forward + A

Freeze:

Down Smash

Note: Fire Damage is the red-colored damage caused by attacks such as Roy's Up+B. Electric Damage is the light-blue colored damage caused by attacks such as Pikachu's B. Shadow Damage is the purple-colored damage caused by moves such as Ganondorf's B. Freeze is the encasing in ice of the target character, most famously from freezies.

==Differences between Bowser and Giga Bowser:==
*Wavedash length: Giga Bowser's is longer 

*Giga Bowser is 25% heavier than Bowser 

*Their jumps are the same height

*Giga Bowser falls faster

*Giga Bowser can't be grabbed, but Bowser can

*Giga Bowser receives less impact from many attacks than Bowser does. Giga Bowser is also immune to knockback from Mario's/Luigi's fireballs, Dr. Mario's pills and some characters' Neutral A attack when he's below 50% (in other words, when Giga Bowser is below 50%, the mentioned moves have the effect of Fox's Blaster)

*Giga Bowser's up B goes twice the distance of Bowser's up B, both in the air and on the ground. This gives Giga Bowser the fourth best recovery in the game (beaten only by Peach, Samus and Mewtwo). This also gives him the ability to recover back onto Final Destination from anywhere not past the blast-line without having to grab onto the edge if he uses his second jump. If he doesn't use his second jump, he can still always make it back to the stage even if it means having to grab onto the edge.

*Bowser is completely invincible during the first four frames of his up B. After the four frames are up, Bowser's up B starts to hit anyone who touches him, but he is no longer completely invincible. Some parts of his body becomes invincible occasionally, but he is still vulnerable to being hit by high priority attacks.

*Giga Bowser's up B starts to hit enemies on the fifth frame, and he is completely invincible during the first 26 frames of his up B (out of a total of 74 frames). After the 26 frames are up, he is no longer completely invincible. Some parts of his body becomes invincible occasionally, but he is still vulnerable to being hit by high priority attacks.

*Bowser is never completely invincible if he uses his up B in the air, while Giga Bowser is still invincible for 26 frames if he uses up B in the air.

*On the ground, all the hits of Giga Bowser's up B can connect on one enemy (causing 49% damage), while only two hits of Bowser's up B may hit one enemy. Meaning, if an enemy gets hit twice by Bowser's up B and then walks into that same up B again, he'll not be hit. All the hits of Bowser's up B can still connect in the air, though.

*Giga Bowser's invincibility for the first 26 frames of his Up B are different from the invincibility Bowser gets on the first four frames of his own Up B. In Debug Mode, Giga Bowser's collisional bubble is '''green''' during the first 26 frames of his Up B. This indicates that Giga Bowser is invincible during those frames. During Bowser's first four frames of Up B, his collisional bubble is '''blue''', which ALSO indicates that he is invincible during those frames. 

The difference between these two types of invincibilities is that if a character has the blue type (which is when a character is rolling, airdodging, climbing up from the edge, etc.), all enemy attacks go '''through''' the character. For example, if Fox shot his Blaster at a character with the blue type of invincibility, the Blaster shot will go through the character without harming him/her/it. And if a character is standing behind the character with the blue invincibility, the character behind will get hit.

But if a character has the green type of invincibility (which every character gets when they've just come back after being KO'd, or if they have a Starman), all enemy attacks will NOT go through the character, but the character will not be harmed. [[Fox McCloud]]'s Shine (Reflector) (Down+B) is a move that hits for one frame only (the first frame of the attack). But if Fox's Shine actually HITS a character, Fox will be stuck in his first frame of Shine for three extra frames. This not only applies to Shine, but it also applies to every other attack. If they hit a character, there'll be 3 extra frames of lag than if it didn't. If a character attacks another character that has the green invinciblity, the attacking character will receive the 3 extra frames of hitlag that he'll normally receive if he hits a character, even though the character he is hitting is invincible. If the character being &quot;hit&quot; had the blue invincibility, the attacking character will not receive hitlag, unlike if the &quot;receiving&quot; character had the green invincibility. If Fox shot his Blaster at a character with green invincibility, the Blaster shot will not just simply go through the invincible character as it would with the blue invincibility. In this case, the Blaster shot will be cancelled out and disappear as soon as it comes in contact with the invincible character's green collisional bubble. Also, this might be off topic, but when Young/Link is standing still, his shield has the green invincibility, which explains why projectiles get cancelled out when they touch the shield.

Though, after the first 26 frames of his Up B are over, when Giga Bowser's body is no longer completely invincible (but he gets invincibility frames every now and then on different parts of his body), the occasional invincibility frames he gets are of the blue type, not the green type.

*Giga Bowser's Smash Down freezes enemies if you hit them with a sweetspot (the back of the attack)

*Giga Bowser's Firebreath never gets smaller over time, unlike Bowser's

*All forms of Giga Bowser's rolls (regular roll, ledgeroll, getting up roll, ect) are twice as long as Bowser's

*All of Giga Bowser's attacks except for Firebreath, his two &quot;get up attacks&quot; and forward B has twice the range of Bowser's. Giga Bowser's Firebreath has the same range as Bowser's initially, but Bowser's gets smaller over time. Giga Bowser's two &quot;get up attacks&quot; have the same hitbox size as Bowser's. They are located on the front and back of Giga Bowser when he gets up, so if you stand in the middle of Giga Bowser while he does his get up attack, you will not be hit. Giga Bowser's forward B range is the same as Bowser's, despite the fact that it doesn't look like it. Not counting projectiles, Giga Bowser's attacks have the longest range in the game (even longer than Marth's)

*Bowser walks and runs slightly (almost non-existantly) faster than Giga Bowser. If they both raced across Final Destination, Giga Bowser would be half an inch behind Bowser when Bowser finishes.

*Giga Bowser is over twice the size of Bowser (it doesn't look like it, but his hitbox is actually over twice the size of Bowser's)

*Bowser's Up B, Smash Forward, Tilt Up and Tilt Down has more knockback than Giga Bowser's

*Giga Bowser's Down B and Smash Up has more knockback than Bowser's

*Because Giga Bowser's Tilt Down has less knockback than Bowser's, it becomes much easier for Giga Bowser to connect with both hits of Tilt Down.

*All moves not mentioned have the same knockback

*Giga Bowser's grab is harder to break out of (a character being grabbed by Giga Bowser at 0% cannot avoid taking a Grab Attack + a throw)

*Bowser's jump is 9 frames before he leaves the ground, while Giga Bowser's is 7 frames

*All of Giga Bowser's aerial attacks have twice the lag of Bowser's when he lands

*Unlike Bowser, Giga Bowser cannot grab onto the edge backwards with his Up B.

Bowser's best fighting style involves SHFFLing aerial attacks (mainly Forward Air) and throwing in Forward B in the air occasionally for shieldgrabbers. Bowser has an incredibly hard time against many characters, particularly Marth (who outranges him, making it very difficult for Bowser, who is slow and doesn't have good range, to hit him). Due to his falling speed and size, he can be combo'd from 0% to death by many characters. His up B allows him to break combos occasionally and get KOs, but his up B only works as a combo breaker on the ground. Unfortunately for Bowser, most combos involves getting Bowser up in the air and hitting him just before he lands (e.g. chain throws), so his Up B still doesn't really help him a lot.

Giga Bowser, though is way different. Due to his huge range, he can just use Tilt Forward (which has more range than any of Marth's moves) for approaching without having to worry about being punished like Bowser's Forward Air, since Giga Bowser's Tilt Forward has more range, is faster and has less lag. His Dash Grab has even more range (it can ALMOST grab someone from halfway across Final Destination!), and once he throws someone off the edge with Back Throw, then they've lost a Stock, since Giga Bowser has insane edgegaurding abilities. His Up B on the ground, though it doesn't send the enemy out of the stage very far, outprioritizes every character's up B thanks to the invincibility frames. So he can just up B every time the character he is edgegaurding comes close without having to worry about timing and getting hit by their up B. And the character being edgegaurded can't sweetspot the edge either, as they'll still be hit. Giga Bowser's game is just simply throw them off the edge, and then edgegaurd them to death.

Contrary to Bowser, Giga Bowser is actually the hardest character to combo. Why? Since he can't be grabbed, this kills off a lot of combos that could have worked on him ( e.g. chain throws). And due to the fact that Giga Bowser receives less impact from attacks, combined with his weight, fast falling speed and his size (since he's so big, his feet touches the ground faster after he's sent up in the air), he can just land back onto the ground if he is hit and immediately use Up B before the enemy could follow up with another move. Bowser, on the other hand, is lighter than Giga Bowser, falls slower, flinches more and is smaller, so if he is hit, he'll most likely be launched up into the air and into the &quot;tumbling animation&quot; (which sets him up for combos). Giga Bowser, however, is much harder to be sent into &quot;tumbling mode&quot;.

'''Damage List'''

A moves
--------
'''Neutral A:'''
Bowser: 5%
Giga Bowser: 5%

'''Neutral A (second):'''
Bowser: 6%
Giga Bowser: 6%

'''Tilt Forward:'''
Bowser: 14%
Giga Bowser: 12%

'''Tilt Up:'''
Bowser: 13%
Giga Bowser: 13%

'''Tilt Down:'''
Bowser: 22%
Giga Bowser: 18%

'''Dash A:'''
Bowser: 11%
Giga Bowser: 13%

'''Neutral Air:'''
Bowser: 13%
Giga Bowser: 13%

'''Forward Air:'''
Bowser: 14%
Giga Bowser: 13%

'''Back Air:'''
Bowser: 13%
Giga Bowser: 12%

'''Up Air:'''
Bowser: 17%
Giga Bowser: 17%

'''Down Air:'''
Bowser: 24% if all hits connect
Giga Bowser: 24% if all hits connect

'''Smash Forward:'''
Bowser: 24% uncharged, 32% charged
Giga Bowser: 20% uncharged, 27% charged

'''Smash Up:'''
Bowser: 20% uncharged, 27% charged
Giga Bowser: 20% uncharged, 27% charged

'''Smash Down:'''
Bowser: 20% uncharged, 27% charged
Giga Bowser: 20% uncharged, 27% charged

B moves
--------
'''Neutral B:'''
Bowser: up to 23% in one tap of the B button
Giga Bowser: up to 23% in one tap of the B button

'''Forward B:'''
Bowser: 12%
Giga Bowser: 12%

'''Forward B Bite:'''
Bowser: 3%
Giga Bowser: 3%

'''Forward B Forward Throw:'''
Bowser: 13%
Giga Bowser: 12%

'''Forward B Back Throw:'''
Bowser: 10%
Giga Bowser: 9%

'''Up B:'''
Bowser: 17% on the ground. In the air, it can do up to 32% if all the hits connect.
Giga Bowser: 22% normally on the ground. If all hits connects, it can do up to 49% (on the ground). If all hits connect in the air, it can do up to 32%.

'''Down B:'''
Bowser: 21%
Giga Bowser: 25%

Throws
-------
'''Forward Throw:'''
Bowser: 10%
Giga Bowser: 10%

'''Back Throw:'''
Bowser: 10%
Giga Bowser: 10%

'''Up Throw:'''
Bowser: 9%
Giga Bowser: 9%

'''Down Throw:'''
Bowser: 12%
Giga Bowser: 12%

'''Grab Attack:'''
Bowser: 3%
Giga Bowser: 5%

'''Note:''' Almost all of the Bowser/Giga Bowser differences and damage list were found by '''[[Dragon Champion]]'''.

==Differences Between Giga Bowser and other Nonplayable Characters==
* Giga Bowser is the only nonplayable character who is a clone (Save Dark Link, who is just Link with a different skin)
* Giga Bowser is the only nonplayable character who controls just like any regular character (Once again, save Dark Link). [[Kirby franchise strategy guide/Bosses/Master Hand|Master Hand]] and [[Kirby franchise strategy guide/Bosses/Crazy Hand|Crazy Hand]] control completely differently from anyone else and can only be controlled by a controller in a certain socket. The Fighting WireFrames don't use the B button. Sandbag freezes the game if he tries to do anything other than move and single jump. Giga Bowser controls just like regular Bowser.
* Giga Bowser is the only nonplayable character who does not have to be beaten in order to receive his corresponding trophy (Unless clearing the Multi-Man Melee counts as beating the Fighting WireFrames).

==Giga Bowser's Frame Data==
Giga Bowser, Defualt size

LAII = Legs and Arms are Invisible and 
Invincible. or as it looks without 
debug, his arms and legs are inside his 
body.
----------------------------------------
Punch 1

Total: 24
Hits: 7-10
IASA: 21
Window of the second puch: 3-25
Second punch starts: 13 (or later)
----------------------------------------
Punch 2

Total: 30
Hits: 10-12
IASA: 27
----------------------------------------
F Tilt
Total: 47
Hits: 12-16
IASA: 3
----------------------------------------
D Tilt

Total: 59
Hits: 14-18, 27-31
IASA: 55
----------------------------------------
U Tilt

Total: 54
Hits: 7-10
IASA: 50
----------------------------------------
Dash attack

Total: 59
Hits: 10-17, 28-29 (the second hitbox is
from when Giga Bowser Lands)
IASA: 55
----------------------------------------
F Smash

Total: 69
Hits: 29-33
Charge frame: 10
IASA: 66
----------------------------------------
U Smash

Total: 59
Hits: 16-21
Charge frame: 10
IASA: 53
Invincible: 16-17
----------------------------------------
D Smash

Total: 69
Hits: 14-15, 17-18, 20-21, 23-24, 26-27, 
29-30, 32
Charge frame: 8
IASA: 68
LAII: 14-48
----------------------------------------
N-air

Total: 49
Hits: 8-23
Auto cancel: &lt;7 39&gt;
Landlag: 45
Lcanceled: 22
*Legs/arms invisible/invincible: 7-36
LAII from landing (Landlag): 1-26
LAII from landing (Lcancel):1-13
----------------------------------------
U-air

Total: 47
Hits: 22-25
Auto cancel: &lt;9 40&gt;
Landlag: 45
Lcanceled: 22

BTW, it's impossible to do an SHed U-air 
with Giga Bowser (defualt size)
----------------------------------------
B-air

Total: 49
Hits: 9-10
Auto canceled: &lt;8 45&gt;
Landlag: 45
Lcanceled: 2
----------------------------------------
D-air

Total: 79
Hits: 14-15, 17-18, 20-21, 23-24, 26-27,
29-30, 32-33, 35-36, 38-39
Auto cancel: &lt;13 70&gt;
Landlag: 45
Lcanceled: 23
LAII: 14-49
LAII from landing (Landlag): 1-30
LAII from landing (Lcancel): 1-15
----------------------------------------
F-air

Total: 45 
Hits: 8-11
IASA: 42
Auto cancel: &lt;8 30&gt;
Landlag: 45
Lcanceled: 22
----------------------------------------
Ledge stand &lt;100%

total: 32
Invincible: 1-30
----------------------------------------
Ledge stand 100%&gt;

total: 59
Invincible: 1-55
----------------------------------------
Ledge roll &lt;100%

total: 49
Invincible: 1-33
----------------------------------------
Ledge roll 100%&gt;

total: 79
Invincible: 1-59
----------------------------------------
Ledge attack &lt;100%

total: 54
Hits: 7-34
Invincible: 1-34
LAII: 4-34
----------------------------------------
Ledge attack 100%&gt;

total: 69
Invincible: 1-40
Hits: 44-48
----------------------------------------
Ledge jump &lt;100%

total: 37
Invincible: 1-3
Soonest FF: 23
LAII: 4-21
----------------------------------------
Ledge jump 100%&gt;

total: 47
Invincible: 1-17
Soonest FF: 23
----------------------------------------
Grab

Total: 40
Grab: 8-9
----------------------------------------
Running Grab

Total: 50
Grab: 9-11
----------------------------------------
G.bowser Bomb

Total: 92 or more
Hits: 30-32 (32 is the 'falling frame')
Lag from Landing: 60
----------------------------------------
Fire Breath

Total: 92 or more
Startuptime: 22 frames
fire comes groups of seven on (after the 
startup animation): 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 15,
18 then a new group. a minimum of 2 
groups per flame. 20 frames per group.
End animation: 30 frames

Btw, G.B. has unlimited fire 
----------------------------------------
G.Koopa Klaw

Total: 59
Hits: 16-18
Grabs: 16-18
Hits on frames 18-19 while holding and 
attacking the enemy. Total attacking 
time while holding the enemy: 30. frame 
30 is the 'holding' frame. 
Total throwing time: 40
Hits on the frames 18-19 of the throw.
----------------------------------------
Whirling Fortress

Total: 79
Hits: 5-46
Ivincible: 1-26
*Legs/arms invisible/invincible: 6-49
Landspeciallag: 50
LAII until you land.
----------------------------------------
Taunt

Total: 140
GROWL!: 13
----------------------------------------
Jump: airborne on frame 6

Air time: 41
Earliest FF: 19
FF air time: 38

SH air time: 17
Earliest FF: 8
SH FF air time: 13

2nd jump earliest FF: 17

LAII on the first 38 frames of the 
2nd jump.
----------------------------------------
Air dodge
Invulnerable 3-29 out of 49
LAII 3-49 -&gt; you land.
10 frames of landfallspecialag as usual.

Ground dodge
Invulnerable 4-24 out of 42

Roll
Invulnerable 4-19 out of 39
LAII: 8-22

Landing stun: 30 frames

Dash becomes run at frame 14
Turn-jump threshold: 24
Run turnaround: 45

'''Note:''' The frame data were found by '''Nigzel''' on '''SmashBoards'''.

==Trophy==
A Giga Bowser trophy can be obtained by beating Adventure on Hard or Very Hard with no continues, but not nessicarily in under 18 minutes. Giga Bowser, strangely enough, does not actually have to be beaten to get the trophy. His trophy is seen at the top of this article.

Giga Bowser's Trophy Data Is As Follows:

:An even more imposing figure than
:the original King of the Koopas.
:Giga Bowser is roughly twice the
:size of his scaly, fire-breathing,
:spike-studded Super Smash Bros.
:Melee counterpart. Predictably, this
:monstrous creature's offensive and
:defensive powers are a grade
:higher than those of regular
:Bowser. Good luck defeating this 
:colossus!
:Super Smash Bros. Melee
:12/01

&lt;!---
==[[Master Hand]]'s Relationship==
It is unknown how, if at all, [[Master Hand]] (and [[Crazy Hand]]) are related to Giga Bowser. It is important to note that Giga Bowser does not have a mushroom for a symbol like Bowser does, instead he has the Melee symbol (The circle with the off-center cross), which Master Hand, Crazy Hand, the Fighting WireFrames and Polygons, and Sandbag also sport. Many fans think that in the cutscene where Bowser becomes Giga Bowser that Master Hand (or Crazy Hand) caught Bowser, gave him power, and threw him back to Final Destination. Others say he came back from the dead, and others still simply say that Giga Bowser is a completely different creature.
---&gt;

==Playable Giga Bowser==
Giga Bowser can be played by using Debug Mode (Activated with the Action Replay), although many people are disappointed at not having his handicap and essentially using a larger Bowser. There is also a hoax (although no one has ever been able to disprove it, it is not generally accepted as true) that Giga Bowser can be unlocked by getting anywhere from 5,000 to 1,000,000 feet on the Homerun contest using Captain Falcon.

==Voice==
In the American version, Giga Bowser is voiced by Scott Burns, who also voices the regular Bowser.

==External links==
* [http://www.mariomonsters.com/gigabowser/ Super Mario Brothers Monster Compendium - Giga Bowser]

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>75xag4tj5wo83n529z3y0d9hils6x40</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c5/2. a3/2...Nc6/3. b4</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>438505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448891</id>
      <parentid>4001293</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:01:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Not alexand</username>
        <id>3453611</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mengarini Variation */</comment>
      <origin>4448891</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1547" sha1="6kvnixtqfckl4j1tqfbyc7olf73ey8y" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position|=
|Mengarini Variation|
   |rd|  |bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd|=
   |pd|pd|  |pd|pd|pd|pd|pd|=
   |  |  |nd|  |  |  |  |  |=
   |  |  |pd|  |  |  |  |  |=
   |  |pl|  |  |pl|  |  |  |=
   |pl|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
   |  |  |pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
   |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl|=
|parent=[[Chess/Sicilian Defence|Sicilian Defense]]
|aka = Van Duijn’s Variation
}}
=Mengarini Variation=
Black can accept the gambit with [[/3...cxb4|3...cxb4]] but the best move is the drawish [[/3...Nf6|3...Nf6]], to which the best response is 4. b5.

3...cxb4 used to be the main line and is still often seen at amateur levels. The most common continuation is

:4. axb4 Nxb4
:5. d4 d5
:6. c3 Nc6
:7. exd5 Qxd5
:8. Na3!

Now, Black needs to be precise: The natural moves 8...Nf6, 8...e5, and 8...e6 blunder 9. Nb5.

==Theory table==
{{Chess Opening Theory/Table}}.

'''1. e4 c5 2. a3 Nc6 3. b4'''
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th&gt;&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;3&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;4&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;5&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;6&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;7&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;8&lt;/th&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Declined&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...Nf6|Nf6]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;b5&lt;br&gt;Nd4&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;c3&lt;br&gt;Ne6&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;e5&lt;br&gt;Nd5&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;=&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
	&lt;tr&gt;
		&lt;th align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Accepted&lt;/th&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;...&lt;br&gt;[[/3...cxb4|cxb4]]&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;axb4&lt;br&gt;Nxb4&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;d4&lt;br&gt;d5&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;c3&lt;br&gt;Nc6&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;exd5&lt;br&gt;Qxd5&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;Na3&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td&gt;=/∞&lt;/td&gt;
	&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

{{ChessMid}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Cream</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>442234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448935</id>
      <parentid>4340453</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:26:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kittycataclysm moved page [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping]] to [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Cream]]: technically it's imitation cream not imitation topping—it is, in fact, a topping</comment>
      <origin>4340453</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="961" sha1="dwztqcubg7ue38dc5i9d68ep7scl0f1" xml:space="preserve">{{Ingredient summary
| Image = [[File:Vegan whipped cream.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Ingredient}}
[[File:Whipped topping signature select tub.jpg|thumb|A tub of frozen whipped topping]]
'''Imitation whipped topping''', sometimes referred to as 'whipped topping' or the brand name 'Cool Whip', is a stabilized [[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|whipped cream]] substitute. It typically contains little to no actual [[Cookbook:Cream|cream]], although it may contain some dairy. It is often sold ready-whipped in tubs, but it may also be sold as a powder or liquid to be whipped at home.

== External links ==

* https://www.thespruceeats.com/whipped-cream-765594#toc-whipped-cream-vs-whipped-topping
* https://www.allrecipes.com/article/cool-whip-vs-whipped-cream/
* https://www.foodnetwork.com/healthyeats/2016/06/good-or-bad-whipped-topping
* https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/whipped-topping-substitute/
* https://www.gourmetsleuth.com/ingredients/detail/whipped-topping-frozen</text>
      <sha1>dwztqcubg7ue38dc5i9d68ep7scl0f1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448942</id>
      <parentid>4448935</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:44:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>flesh out</comment>
      <origin>4448942</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3988" sha1="rrjpr89n8axajjg32d95pumk6pvvk4q" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Ingredient summary
| Image = [[File:Vegan whipped cream.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Ingredient}}
[[File:Whipped topping signature select tub.jpg|thumb|A tub of frozen whipped topping]]
'''Imitation whipped cream''', sometimes referred to as '''whipped topping''' or the brand name '''Cool Whip''',&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What's Really the Difference Between Cool Whip and Whipped Cream? |url=https://www.allrecipes.com/article/cool-whip-vs-whipped-cream/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Allrecipes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What Is Whipped Cream? |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/whipped-cream-765594#toc-whipped-cream-vs-whipped-topping |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a stabilized [[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|whipped cream]] substitute.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-21 |title=What Is Cool Whip? And Is It Whipped Cream? {{!}} Sporked |url=https://sporked.com/article/what-is-cool-whip/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Characteristics ==
Intended to mimic real whipped cream, whipped topping is white, fluffy, creamy, and sweet. However, it tends to be denser and sweeter than true whipped cream.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mackey |first=Jaimie |date=2024-06-02 |title=How Cool Whip Differs From Whipped Cream |url=https://www.tastingtable.com/1591796/difference-between-cool-whip-whip-cream/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Tasting Table |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Homemade Cool Whip Recipe |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/copycat-cool-whip-recipe |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Serious Eats |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The key components include water, vegetable oil, glucose syrup, flavorings, and stabilizers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-12 |title=Whipped Cream or Whipped Topping? {{!}} Simply Nutritious, Quick and Delicious {{!}} Illinois Extension {{!}} UIUC |url=https://extension.illinois.edu/blogs/simply-nutritious-quick-and-delicious/2017-01-12-whipped-cream-or-whipped-topping |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=extension.illinois.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mattison |first=Lindsay D. |date=2007-05-01 |title=How to Replace Whipped Topping in a Recipe |url=https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/whipped-topping-substitute/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Taste of Home |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; It typically contains little to no actual [[Cookbook:Cream|cream]], although it may contain some dairy.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Because of the stabilizers, whipped topping holds up well, usually under freezing conditions and on hot days,&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; and it does not melt.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

== Selection and storage ==
Pre-whipped varieties are usually found in the fridge or freezer section of the store, often in tubs.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; These should be stored in the same conditions as it was when purchased, or as directed by the manufacturer. They tend to last weeks to months when stored properly.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Use ==
Like whipped cream, whipped topping is often used as a component of desserts, especially as a garnish.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; It may also be used to lighten and stabilize desserts, such as no-bake pies and dessert salads&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;—in these applications, the included stabilizers give it an advantage.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

== Substitution ==
In many cases, true whipped cream can be substituted for whipped topping,&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; and this is especially the case when structural integrity is not key. Note that the texture of plain whipped cream is not the same as that of the imitation,&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; and additional stabilizers may need to be included for structural purposes in some applications.

== Recipes ==
&lt;categorytree mode=&quot;all&quot;&gt;Imitation whipped cream recipes&lt;/categorytree&gt;

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>rrjpr89n8axajjg32d95pumk6pvvk4q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448961</id>
      <parentid>4448942</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:48:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>fix index</comment>
      <origin>4448961</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4024" sha1="gsvyx7ojv981xi8z3z4uoihdxfuv4iz" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Ingredient summary
| Image = [[File:Vegan whipped cream.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Ingredient}}
[[File:Whipped topping signature select tub.jpg|thumb|A tub of frozen whipped topping]]
'''Imitation whipped cream''', sometimes referred to as '''whipped topping''' or the brand name '''Cool Whip''',&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What's Really the Difference Between Cool Whip and Whipped Cream? |url=https://www.allrecipes.com/article/cool-whip-vs-whipped-cream/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Allrecipes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=What Is Whipped Cream? |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/whipped-cream-765594#toc-whipped-cream-vs-whipped-topping |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Spruce Eats |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a stabilized [[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|whipped cream]] substitute.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-21 |title=What Is Cool Whip? And Is It Whipped Cream? {{!}} Sporked |url=https://sporked.com/article/what-is-cool-whip/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Characteristics ==
Intended to mimic real whipped cream, whipped topping is white, fluffy, creamy, and sweet. However, it tends to be denser and sweeter than true whipped cream.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mackey |first=Jaimie |date=2024-06-02 |title=How Cool Whip Differs From Whipped Cream |url=https://www.tastingtable.com/1591796/difference-between-cool-whip-whip-cream/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Tasting Table |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Homemade Cool Whip Recipe |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/copycat-cool-whip-recipe |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Serious Eats |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The key components include water, vegetable oil, glucose syrup, flavorings, and stabilizers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-01-12 |title=Whipped Cream or Whipped Topping? {{!}} Simply Nutritious, Quick and Delicious {{!}} Illinois Extension {{!}} UIUC |url=https://extension.illinois.edu/blogs/simply-nutritious-quick-and-delicious/2017-01-12-whipped-cream-or-whipped-topping |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=extension.illinois.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mattison |first=Lindsay D. |date=2007-05-01 |title=How to Replace Whipped Topping in a Recipe |url=https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/whipped-topping-substitute/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Taste of Home |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; It typically contains little to no actual [[Cookbook:Cream|cream]], although it may contain some dairy.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; Because of the stabilizers, whipped topping holds up well, usually under freezing conditions and on hot days,&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; and it does not melt.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

== Selection and storage ==
Pre-whipped varieties are usually found in the fridge or freezer section of the store, often in tubs.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; These should be stored in the same conditions as it was when purchased, or as directed by the manufacturer. They tend to last weeks to months when stored properly.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Use ==
Like whipped cream, whipped topping is often used as a component of desserts, especially as a garnish.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; It may also be used to lighten and stabilize desserts, such as no-bake pies and dessert salads&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;—in these applications, the included stabilizers give it an advantage.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;

== Substitution ==
In many cases, true whipped cream can be substituted for whipped topping,&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; and this is especially the case when structural integrity is not key. Note that the texture of plain whipped cream is not the same as that of the imitation,&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt; and additional stabilizers may need to be included for structural purposes in some applications.

== Recipes ==
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count:3&quot;&gt;
&lt;categorytree mode=&quot;all&quot;&gt;Imitation whipped cream recipes&lt;/categorytree&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

== References ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division</title>
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      <comment>/* iii) Was the evidence that which the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented at the time of the rejection? */</comment>
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      <text bytes="132234" sha1="a3ph8k6sba061y83qixlsx49ltfo1uh" xml:space="preserve">== IRPA Sections 110-111: Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division ==
Sections 110 and 111 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' read:&lt;pre&gt;Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division

Appeal
110 (1) Subject to subsections (1.1) and (2), a person or the Minister may appeal, in accordance with the rules of the Board, on a question of law, of fact or of mixed law and fact, to the Refugee Appeal Division against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division to allow or reject the person’s claim for refugee protection.

Notice of appeal
110(1.1) The Minister may satisfy any requirement respecting the manner in which an appeal is filed and perfected by submitting a notice of appeal and any supporting documents.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD ===
As per s. 110(1) of the IRPA, the jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD. The RAD is to apply the correctness standard of review to determine whether the RPD erred.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 157, at para 106, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp2gp#par106&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-15.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD reviews the RPD’s decisions for correctness” and “no deference is shown to the original decision maker”. Instead, the RAD “conducts its own analysis of the question” and “must determine whether it agrees with the answer given by the decision maker; if not, it will substitute its own view and provide the correct answer”. Therefore, the RAD “is ultimately empowered to come to its own conclusions on the question”. Importantly “this can entail reweighing the evidence that was before the RPD, either in and of itself or in light of new evidence admitted on the appeal. The RAD is not required to defer to the RPD’s findings, including factual ones”.&lt;ref&gt;''Marinaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 548 (CanLII) at para 45.&lt;/ref&gt;

However, the court recognizes that there there may be cases where the RPD enjoyed a meaningful advantage over the RAD in making findings of fact or mixed fact and law. Although the RAD should sometimes exercise a degree of restraint before substituting its own determination, the issue of whether the circumstances warrant such restraint ought to be addressed on a case-by-case basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Huruglica,'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), para. 70.&lt;/ref&gt; The record before the RAD should, in most cases, fully disclose the information on which the RPD based its findings and permit the RAD to review them on a correctness basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Rozas del Solar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1145 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; If, however, the RPD makes credibility findings based on information to which the RAD would not have access to on appeal, the RPD may enjoy a meaningful advantage warranting deference from the RAD.

The RAD may then set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made]].

The fact that the RAD may hear appeals on questions of fact and mixed law and fact indicates that the RAD has jurisdiction as a trier of fact, which includes determinations of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Keqaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 563, paragraph 14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; The RAD should show that it has carried out this task through the analysis that it provides in its reasons.&lt;ref&gt;''Aliasgari v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1338 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6hss#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt; However, decision-makers are not required to refer to every piece of evidence or address every argument:&lt;ref&gt;''Akhagbemhe, Loretha Olere v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2630-23), Gleeson, February 26, 2024; 2024 FC 313.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Decisions may focus on the determinative issue]]. That said, a failure by the RPD to provide adequate reasons may be a ground for the RAD to grant an appeal of a RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Albadrawsawi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1207 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k638z#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is to proceed on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, unless admissible new evidence is accepted onto the record. This has implications for the jurisdiction of the RAD to hear and consider new issues. Where a claim could have been presented to the RPD, but was not, and statements in support of that aspect of the claim are not admissible on appeal as new evidence, then the RAD need not assess that aspect of the appellant's allegations. For example, in ''Vasli v. Canada'', the RAD found that a claim based upon wearing the hijab could have been raised before the RPD and so it could not be raised for the first time at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Vasli v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 77 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv0qx#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-26.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so because, while “the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence, absent new evidence on an issue, it cannot consider a new argument, developed for the ﬁrst time on appeal.”&lt;ref&gt;''Ganiyu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 296 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmswk#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances]].

The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 3(3)(g)(i): The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal]]. A corollary of the obligation to identify such errors is that, subject to some exceptions discussed at the link above, an applicant cannot reasonably fault the RAD for not going beyond the grounds of appeal or for not providing extensive reasons regarding matters that the applicant did not challenge.&lt;ref&gt;''Shalaiev, Dmytro'' ''v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-6383-20), Roussel, April 1, 2022; 2022 FC 457.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee]].

=== The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal submissions ===
The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;''Fatime v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 594 at para 19.&lt;/ref&gt; As part of this, the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;''Aghedo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 450 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfx80#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD is not bound by the findings of the RPD on appeal, and it remains open to the RAD to render new or different substantive findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 291 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k30f8#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD is to conduct its own independent review of the file, including on issues of credibility, without holding a new oral hearing]]. 

Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. At the common law, appellate courts ordinarily have a limited discretion to raise new issues. As the Supreme Court of Canada recognized in ''R. v. Mian'', while appellate courts have the discretion to raise new issues, this power should be used sparingly and “only in rare circumstances”. It further explained that a new issue should only be raised “when failing to do so would risk an injustice”, “whether there is a sufficient record on which to raise the issue”, and where it would not result in “procedural prejudice to any party”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Ewen,'' 2023 FCA 225 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k165v#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-11-20.&lt;/ref&gt; These criteria arguably need not constrain the RAD, a specialized tribunal distinct from a court. The Federal Court notes that the strict application of the concepts from ''R. v. Mian'' to the RPD/RAD context is not binding.&lt;ref&gt;''Nmashie v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 437 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jwf7t#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; It may be argued that section 111 of the IRPA signals that the standard from ''R. v. Mian'' is not the one that should apply to the RAD and that the RAD has broad discretion to bring finality to a claim consistent with its obligation to proceed quickly and informally: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously|Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals]] and [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]. The court holds that &quot;upon a plain reading of the legislation&quot;, the RAD is clothed with the jurisdiction to raise and decide an issue such as the availability of an Internal Flight Alternative, even if neither party has raised it, provided that it notifies the parties and gives them an opportunity to present submissions on the new issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the Federal Court has at times had recourse to the criteria from ''R. v. Mian'' when interpreting the RAD's jurisdiction, for example with Justice Kane of the Federal Court finding that the RAD may only raise a new issue &quot;if failing to raise the new issue would risk injustice&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Ching v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 725 at para 71, 255 ACWS (3d) 805.&lt;/ref&gt; For a discussion of what constitutes a new issue, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#What is a new issue requiring notice?]].

Some earlier Federal Court caselaw held that the RAD lacked jurisdiction to independently decide issues that had not been decided by the RPD, for example a ''sur place'' claim. That caselaw held that if the RAD felt that such an issue ought to have been decided, the RAD should refer that part of the claim back to the RPD for a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Jianzhu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 551 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ghfbz#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, those decisions have been distinguished on the basis that they have been supplanted by the subsequent Federal Court of Appeal case ''Huruglica v Canada''&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; and the cases have been read as standing for the proposition that &quot;the RAD may not raise a new issue not determined by the RPD without providing further notice to the appellant,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ojarikre v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 896 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkfd9#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; not as a wholesale want of RAD jurisdiction requiring a remittal to the RPD. See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 7 provides that the Division may, without further notice, decide the appeal, but further notice is required if the appeal is decided on a new ground]].

This said, the Federal Court, in ''Sarker v. Canada'', cautions against a “wholesale review and reversal” of the RPD’s credibility findings without an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367''.'' &lt;/ref&gt; However, it is well established that the RAD may make new credibility assessments without an oral hearing on the basis of the evidence before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Siddiqui v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1028, paragraph 10 (CanLII) relying on ''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763, paragraph 38 (CanLII). &lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(2): Restrictions on appeals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Restriction on appeals
(2) No appeal may be made in respect of any of the following:
(a) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting the claim for refugee protection of a designated foreign national;
(b) a determination that a refugee protection claim has been withdrawn or abandoned;
(c) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded;
(d) subject to the regulations, a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if
(i) the foreign national who makes the claim came directly or indirectly to Canada from a country that is, on the day on which their claim is made, designated by regulations made under subsection 102(1) and that is a party to an agreement referred to in paragraph 102(2)(d), and
(ii) the claim — by virtue of regulations made under paragraph 102(1)(c) — is not ineligible under paragraph 101(1)(e) to be referred to the Refugee Protection Division;
(d.1) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting a claim for refugee protection made by a foreign national who is a national of a country that was, on the day on which the decision was made, a country designated under subsection 109.1(1);
(e) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister for a determination that refugee protection has ceased;
(f) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister to vacate a decision to allow a claim for refugee protection.

Making of appeal
(2.1) The appeal must be filed and perfected within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== No appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants ===
This provision is entitled &quot;restriction on appeals&quot; and provides that no appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants. Originally, the restriction on appeals was limited to individuals who withdraw their applications for protection or whose applications for protection are declared abandoned by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;Government of Canada, Canada Gazette, Vol. 148, No. 14 — July 2, 2014, SOR/2014-166 June 19, 2014, ''Regulations Amending the Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Amendment Consequential to the Economic Action Plan 2013 Act, No. 1),'' P.C. 2014-818 June 18, 2014, &lt;https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2014/2014-07-02/html/sor-dors166-eng.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the PCISA legislation then added the other categories above. 

=== 110(2)(c): No appeal may be made against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded ===
Section 110(2)(c) of the IRPA provides that no appeal may be made in respect of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded. In a case where there is both an exclusion and a no credible basis finding, the court has held that paragraph 110(2)(c) does not bar appeals to the RAD of the RPD’s exclusion decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 110(2)(d): No appeal may be made regarding claims by claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement ===
Subject to the regulations, no appeal may be made the RAD of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if  the conditions in s. 110(2)(d) are met. In effect, this bars access to an appeal before the RAD for claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court observes that &quot;the language of paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA is crystal clear and leaves little room for interpretation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has upheld the constitutionality of this provision. In ''Dor v. Canada'', it determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) does not have a “disproportionate” impact such that section 15 of the Charter would be engaged.&lt;ref&gt;''Dor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 892 (CanLII), at para 82, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkktj#par82&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Rodriguez v. Canada'', the court held that the applicant had not established that a refugee claimant’s choices with respect to his or her travel into Canada is a personal characteristic that is immutable or the basis of historical prejudices or stereotypes within the meaning of section 15.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kreishan v Canada,'' the Federal Court of Appeal determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA does not violate section 7 of the ''Charter''.&lt;ref&gt;''Kreishan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FCA 223 (CanLII), [2020] 2 FCR 299, at para 127, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j225k#par127&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure ==
&lt;pre&gt;Procedure
(3) Subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
The earlier version of this provision that was enacted with the IRPA, but never came into force, read:&lt;blockquote&gt;(3) The Refugee Appeal Division shall proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept written submissions from the Minister, the person who is the subject of the appeal, and a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 110, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec110&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== In the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from UNHCR ===
IRPA section 110(3) provides that in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the Refugee Appeal Division may accept documentary evidence from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. But see RAD Rule 45, which provides that the UNHCR's written submissions must not raise new issues: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 45: UNHCR providing written submissions in an appeal conducted by a three-member panel]].

The weight placed on such submissions should be consistent with Canada's obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Canada has an obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR and the IRPA should be construed and applied in a manner that facilitates and respects this obligation]].

=== The RAD must proceed without a hearing on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, subject to listed exceptions, but this provision does not restrict the RAD from posing questions or introducing new evidence ===
The Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, though, subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6) of IRPA s. 110, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal, and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from the UNHCR and any other person specified in the rules of the Board. 

When this provision was originally enacted in 2001, the provisions provided only for a paper-based appeal to the RAD. In 2012, the legislation was amended to also provide the added possibility of submitting new evidence or having an oral hearing in some limited circumstances. Furthermore, the original legislation from circa 2001 had provided that the Minister could only present written submissions. This provision was then modified in 2012 to allow the Minister to provide documentary evidence to the RAD as well.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 32, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par32&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; 

What is omitted from this rule is any mention of the power of the RAD itself to introduce new evidence. Nor is the RAD's ability to act ''suo moto'' considered in subsections (3.1) [time limit for making a decision], (4) [evidence that may be presented by the person who is the subject of the appeal], or (6) [when the RAD may hold a hearing]. The RAD's ability to put new evidence on the record, e.g. disclose an updated National Documentation Package to the parties, is governed by other provisions of the Act, especially s. 165 IRPA [Powers of a commissioner]: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/165 - Powers of a Member#Section 165 of the IRPA]]. There is no question that the RAD has such a power to introduce new evidence, indeed, the courts have stated that the RAD has an obligation to do so in some cases, e.g. in ''Zhang v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD should consider the most recent information, given that it is assessing risk on a forward looking basis, including an updated National Documentation Package released by the Board subsequent to a appeal being perfected.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1031 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkxkv#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'' states that the use of &lt;abbr&gt;NDPs&lt;/abbr&gt; does not preclude the disclosure of additional Country of Origin Information not contained in an &lt;abbr&gt;NDP&lt;/abbr&gt; by the Division or a party to a proceeding.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'', Effective date: June 5, 2019, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/national-documentation-packages.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Board's ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'' state that the RAD may decide to obtain information other than that provided in the RPD record and by the parties in the RAD proceedings.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'', Effective: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstRadSpr0516.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section D.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has spoken with approval of a RAD Member's ability to conduct their own research and to rely on that research, provided that they disclose it to the parties and give them an opportunity to respond.&lt;ref&gt;''Byarugaba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 833 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k539g#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-21.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The panel conducting research]]. 

Furthermore, the RAD has the jurisdiction to ask an appellant for additional explanations on inconsistent evidence which exists on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; It is not obligated to send a matter back to the RPD for redetermination simply because it seeks to explore a potential credibility issue which was not canvased prior but instead has the jurisdiction to seek additional testimonial evidence even where the testimony is not regarding new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]].

== IRPA Section 110(3.1): Time limit for making a decision ==
&lt;pre&gt;Time limits
(3.1) Unless a hearing is held under subsection (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must make a decision within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The time limits for making a decision are set out in the regulations ===
See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159.91 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(4)-(5): Evidence that may be presented ==
&lt;pre&gt;Evidence that may be presented
(4) On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that arose after the rejection of their claim or that was not reasonably available, or that the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented, at the time of the rejection.

Exception
(5) Subsection (4) does not apply in respect of evidence that is presented in response to evidence presented by the Minister.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== What is &quot;evidence&quot; and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities? ===
On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that meets the criteria stipulated above. This invites the question &quot;what is 'evidence' and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities?&quot;. For an exploration of this question, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rules 3(3)(e) and 3(3)(f): Legal authorities may be distinguished from evidence that an appellant wants to rely on]]. It is also notable that the phrase &quot;may present only evidence&quot; can be contrasted with s. 110(3) of the IRPA which refers only to &quot;documentary evidence&quot; (see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure]]), indicating that the intent of this clause is to cover both documentary and other types of evidence.

=== Section 110(4) applies to presenting additional evidence, not to whether evidence excluded by the RPD should in fact be included ===
Section 110(4) of the Act applies to the evidence that the person who is the subject of the appeal may present to the RAD. It does not concern evidence that was presented to the RPD but not accepted. Such evidence is distinct and covered by RAD Rule 3(3)(c) which concerns any documents that the Refugee Protection Division refused to accept as evidence, during or after the hearing, if the appellant wants to rely on the documents in the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#RAD Rule 3: Perfecting Appeal]].

=== Criteria for presenting new evidence ===
Subsection 110(4) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' limits the admission of new evidence on appeal to the following three circumstances: i) where the evidence arose after the rejection of the claim; ii) where the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim; or iii) where the evidence could not have reasonably been expected to be presented at the time of the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal has held that these statutory conditions “leave no room for discretion on the part of the RAD” and must “be narrowly interpreted”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Singh'', 2016 FCA 96 at paras 38-49.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so as “the role of the RAD is not to provide an opportunity to complete a deficient record submitted before the RPD”.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The onus is on the applicants to convince the RAD that their new evidence is admissible.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 54 at para 24.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The Federal Court of Appeal also comments that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 64, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par64&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has observed that &quot;in reading the subsection itself, one cannot say that the RAD is entirely without discretion in assessing the admissibility of new evidence within the confines of those three conditions themselves&quot; and that while &quot;the first two conditions, newness and reasonable availability, appear to be relatively objective and confer little, if any, discretion upon the RAD&quot;, &quot;the third condition, whether the applicant could have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time the RPD rejected the refugee claim, is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182 at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt;

According to ''Rule'' 3(3)(g)(iii) of the ''RAD Rules'', appellants must submit a memorandum that includes full and detailed submissions regarding how any documentary evidence they wish to rely on meets the requirements set out in subsection 110(4) of the ''Act''. A consideration of each of these grounds for admitting new evidence follows:

==== Statutory criteria for the admissibility of new evidence in IRPA s. 110(4) ====

===== i) Did the evidence arise after the rejection of the claim? =====
Considerations include:
* ''Is the appellant attempting to prove an event or circumstance that post-dates the RPD decision?'' The newness of a piece of evidence cannot be tested solely by the date on which the document was created.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;''Chirivi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1114 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gngzz#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; What is important is the date of the event or circumstance sought to be proved by the documentary evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; For example, in ''Zeinaly v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had reasonably refused to admit a counsellor’s letter, which, while dated after the RPD decision, only contained information that had existed at the time of the RPD hearing, thereby not being new.&lt;ref&gt;''Zeinaly v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 21 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k23w6#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, RAD Member L. Gamble concluded that a psychological report, while dated after the RPD hearing, related to long-standing medical issues that pre-dated the RPD hearing, for which she had been receiving treatment since prior to the RPD hearing, and as such the report was not attempting to prove a new circumstance that arose after the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2018 CanLII 96898 (CA IRB), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hvl2q#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Aboubakar v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had acted unreasonably in refusing to admit photos of the appellant at an LGBTQ+ event which post-dated the RPD decision, commenting &quot;the evidence of the applicant’s continued involvement with the LGBTQ+ community since the time of the RPD’s decision in this case is a new event&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, the applicant argued in that case, new evidence may be filed on appeal to corroborate an allegation that an appellant was seeking to advance at the RPD and it is entirely possible for a refugee protection claimant to file evidence on appeal of the continuity of political involvement or religious practice in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence simply establish the continuation of a pre-existing state?'' Evidence indicating that &quot;nothing has changed&quot; regarding pre-existing country conditions, for example the continued existence of domestic violence in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 126457 (CA IRB), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtpdr&gt;, para. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; or the continued detention of specific Members of Parliament in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''Zararsiz v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 692 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j89kx&gt;, para. 44.&lt;/ref&gt; has generally not been taken to meet the test of being evidence that &quot;arose after the rejection of the claim&quot; since it is not something that, properly speaking, arose (in the sense of something emerging or becoming apparent) at any particular time following the RPD's rejection of the claim. See, however, the court's conclusion in ''Chen v. Canada'' that a letter from a pastor contained new information when it confirmed that the appellant continued to be a member of the church a month after his RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Chen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzmfw#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there any date associated with the newly submitted evidence?'' On their own, undated photos provided without evidentiary context do not establish that an event occurred after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Dosunmu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2017 FC 188 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gxjt3#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the appellant attempting to correct a deficient RPD record?'' In ''Amin v. Canada'' the Federal Court upheld a RAD decision which concluded that donation receipts post-dating the RPD decision were inadmissible and that it was reasonably open to the RAD to reject them per s. 110(4) of the Act on the basis that the Applicants were improperly attempting to correct a deficient record given that (a) the RPD expressly rejected the Applicants’ claim due to a lack of sufficient evidence, such as evidence of donations or communications related to religious activity or membership; and (b) the donation receipt was dated only days after the RPD’s rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 192 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvfwz#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-14.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the more common approach is to assess this type of consideration under the credibility criterion in ''Singh v. Canada'' discussed below, not as part of the s. 110(4) criteria.

===== ii) Was the evidence not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim? =====
Applicants bear the burden of putting their best foot forward and they may not submit new evidence whenever they are surprised by an outcome.&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v Canada (MCI)'', 2016 FC 847 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''Did the appellant request leave to provide post-hearing submissions to the RPD?'' The courts have noted that nothing prevents a party from requesting an opportunity to provide post-hearing submissions, and where they did not do so at the RPD, this is relevant to this new evidence admissibility analysis.&lt;ref&gt;''Gabane v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 735 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp9gx#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2022-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Did the appellant indicate to the RPD that the document existed?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'' the RAD found that a document did not meet the s. 110(4) criteria as it concluded that the Appellant could reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have indicated to the RPD prior to the rejection that such evidence existed.&lt;ref&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant unaware that the evidence existed?'' In ''Samaraweera v. Canada'', the court held that it was necessary to consider the submission that the applicant’s family had deliberately concealed from the applicant the ongoing harassment and efforts to search for the applicant until after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Samaraweera, Chiranjeewa Malaka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-8499-22 and IMM-9763-22), Southcott, August 15, 2023; 2023 FC 1109.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the RPD reserve its decision, and if so how much time passed prior to it being rendered?'' When looking at the amount of time that elapsed between an RPD hearing and a panel of the RPD rendering a decision, to assess whether that duration was quick and meant that an applicant could not have reasonably submitted documents during that time period, the court in ''Aregbesola v. Canada'' noted that a 34-day timespan could not be considered &quot;quick&quot; in that case where country condition documents from the internet were at issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola,'' 2022 FC 820 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl53#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the appellant provide an explanation about how they were eventually able to obtain the documents?'' In a case where evidence pre-dated the RPD's decision, but the appellants maintain that they could not have reasonably presented the evidence sooner because of an inability to obtain help in securing the documents, the court held that &quot;it was reasonable for the RAD to expect some explanation about how the Applicants were eventually able to obtain the documents.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ali v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1166 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jr9w5#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Absent a proper explanation, the court held in ''Ali v. Canada'' that it was reasonable to conclude that the documents could have been obtained and provided to the RPD sooner. 
* ''Was obtaining the evidence not within the appellant's control and, if so, did the appellant make reasonable efforts to try to obtain it?'' In ''Fardusi v. Canada'', the court held that the fact that the information in question was in the hands of another person, the agent of persecution, until subsequently being served on the Appellant during a legal proceeding, was relevant to whether it was reasonably available to her.&lt;ref&gt;''Fardusi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1568 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt3cg#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-05.&lt;/ref&gt; It points to a conclusion that the evidence was not reasonably available to the appellant prior. In ''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada'', the Court found the RAD erred when it did not accept the affidavit of a friend and business partner of the agent of harm on the basis that it was reasonably available prior to the rejection. The affiant had explained that he did not provide the affidavit earlier because he did not want his friend and business associate to regard him as an enemy but when the claim was rejected, he realized the applicants’ lives were in danger and he changed his mind and came forward with the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1241, paragraphs 36–38 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Amani v. Canada'', the RAD reasonably concluded that a letter from the applicant's mother would have reasonably been available prior to the RPD rejection, notwithstanding that it can be very difficult for some SOGIESC claimants to obtain the assistance of their family members, because the Applicant’s mother has continued to support her, even by gathering other documents in support of her claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amani v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1535 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k7450#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant's counsel negligent in not providing the document?'' In ''Singh v. Canada'', the court considered it relevant that the failure to produce the document was the fault of the claimant's lawyer.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the evidence arise shortly before the RPD decision?'' In ''Ogundipe v Canada'', the Court concluded that the RAD should have accepted as new evidence an article that was published two days before the RPD decision and related to an event that occurred the day before the publication.&lt;ref&gt;''Ogundipe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 771 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsgjk&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;  However, in ''Parminder'' ''Singh v. Canada'', the court states that &quot;it does not follow from the reasons in ''Ogundipe'' that evidence pre-dating the RPD’s decision by a short period of time will necessarily meet the section 110(4) criteria in every case&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; and it upheld a RAD decision that refused to admit an article published four days before the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Parminder Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, in ''Collahua v. Canada'', the Court found ''Ogundipe v Canada'' distinguishable because that case concerned articles dated six weeks before the RPD’s decision; the court accepted that their refusal was reasonable.&lt;ref&gt;''Fernandez Collahua, Eder Christian v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9185-22), Southcott, July 31, 2023; 2023 FC 1045.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== iii) Was the evidence that which the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented at the time of the rejection? =====
Evidence is admissible on appeal where it was reasonably available prior to the RPD decision, but the person could not have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented it at the time of the rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence that is available earlier may not become relevant until later in the process in ways that the person may not initially expect. Where evidence could not have reasonably been expected to have been presented (or, according to the French version, “normally have been expected”&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt;) at the time of the rejection of the claim, it may be admitted on appeal. That said, an appellant cannot offer new evidence “every time he or she is surprised by the RPD’s decision.”&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 847 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp12#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-08.&lt;/ref&gt; As a general matter, an appeal to the RAD is not a second chance to submit evidence to address weaknesses identified by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Lemus Oliva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1429 (CanLII), at para 45, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsr3s#par45&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court observes that this condition for admitting new evidence &quot;is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182, at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''When did the issue arise?''
** ''Did the issue arise at the hearing or only in the RPD's reasons?'' If the issue arose at the hearing, then the question of the document's admissibility will generally turn on whether the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim (above), including whether the appellant could have requested an adjournment, informed the RPD that they were trying to obtain additional information, and requested leave to provide post-hearing submissions under the RPD rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Did the issue only arise after the perfection of the appeal, for example in a new issue notification?''
* ''Should the appellant have anticipated that the issue in question would have arisen?'' Even if the issue only arose in the decision, the RAD must consider whether the appellant should reasonably have anticipated that the issue would have come up.&lt;ref&gt;''Shafi v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 714 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1kx10#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In some cases, the answer will point to concluding that the person could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, in ''Ismailov v. Canada'' the court concluded that it was unreasonable for the RAD to conclude that the applicant should have reasonably been expected to submit articles to the RPD about the ability to leave Uzbekistan when one is being investigated by the prosecutor's office, as the applicant could not have anticipated that the RPD would be suspicious about this fact (the documents established that it was common that such persons could leave the country).&lt;ref&gt;''Ismailov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 967 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkrb5#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-09.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In other circumstances, the answer will point to concluding that the person could reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, the issue of IFA is one that claimants should always anticipate even if not identified before the RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola'', 2022 FC 820, paragraphs 9-14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Hassan v. Canada'', Mr. Hassan argued that he had not anticipated the RPD would reject an initial letter from a Canadian Somali association that he provided to support his claim&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; and that as a result he should be allowed to submit new letters from Canadian Somali associations affirming his identity as a Somali at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; The court upheld the RAD's determination that, notwithstanding the fact that identity was at the centre of the RAD decision (the claim was rejected on that basis), the affidavits that Mr. Hassan submitted to the RAD did not contain any information that arose after the RPD’s decision and so it was reasonable for the RAD to conclude that he had not provided a sufficient explanation for why the evidence could not have been presented before the RPD rendered its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Does the appellant's state of mind and awareness support a conclusion that they should reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence to the RPD?''
**''Was the appellant's psychological state such that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time of the rejection?'' RAD Member T. Cheung accepted that an appellant only came to understand the state of his mental health after the RPD decision, when his physician noted the symptoms of a condition and referred him to a specialist.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 125957 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/jswhk#par7&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, while the condition pre-dated the RPD decision, the evidence about it was not evidence which the person would reasonably have been expected to have presented before the RPD. Where there is evidence that a claimant's state of mind has had an impact on their behaviour, the RAD should consider not only whether this justifies admitting psychological evidence on point, but also whether their state of mind supports a conclusion that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented other evidence to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Barrera Cornejo c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration),'' 2024 CF 268 (CanLII), au para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2x69#par10&gt;, consulté le 2024-03-14.&lt;/ref&gt; See also the section below on personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status]].
**''Was the appellant self-represented before the RPD and were they aware of their ability to submit evidence post-hearing?'' The Board has a heightened duty of procedural fairness when dealing with self-represented claimants. The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; However, in ''Clarke v Canada'', the court concluded that the IAD had acted unfairly when it did not advise a self-represented applicant that she could file more material after the close of the hearing, as permitted under the IRB Rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Clarke v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 267, paras. 13 and 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RPD does not bring this to a self-represented claimant's attention, this may support a conclusion that information which came to the claimant's attention following their RPD hearing could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented to the RPD.

==== Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status ====
According to the IRB Gender Guidelines, the assessment of whether new evidence meets the admissibility test under subsection 110(4) of the IRPA and RAD Rule 29(4) should be undertaken using a trauma-informed approach that considers the difficulties faced by persons who have experienced gender-based violence.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​​​​​​​​​Effective date: July 18​​, 2022, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir04.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed September 17, 2022), at 11.8.3.&lt;/ref&gt; The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;''Mauricio Berrios v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 739 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jgzz4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-15.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 29: Documents or Written Submissions not Previously Provided]].

==== Additional Raza/Singh factors ====
In addition to the express statutory requirements in the statutory provision above, the RAD must ensure that the implied conditions of admissibility laid out by the Federal Court of Appeal are fulfilled, specifically credibility, relevance, newness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at paras 34-38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16&lt;/ref&gt; Some Federal Court decisions add the requirement that the evidence be &quot;material&quot; to the decision to this list,&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; but it is the view of this author that the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; This is discussed more below. 

The Federal Court of Appeal has commented that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case,&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; and it would appear that this comment applies to the following so-called “implicit” criteria in subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Nteta-Tshamala v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1191 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j2vf2#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; RAD decisions have held that, when interpreting these criteria, there is a &quot;low bar for admissibility&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 143642 (CA IRB), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j9brf#par15&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may admit new evidence that meets the “source and circumstance” credibility threshold and still give it little or no weight when assessing its credibility and probative value within the context of all the evidence in deciding the appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaguna v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 556 (CanLII); ''Tan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1204, paragraphs 35-36 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Haggar v. Canada'' the RAD admitted a document allegedly issued by Chad’s National Security Agency demanding the appellant's arrest, it held a hearing on &quot;how the Circular had been obtained, its authenticity, the reliability of the information it contains and its probative value in light of the documentary evidence&quot;, and in the end the RAD gave no weight to this new evidence, finding that it was a false document; the Federal Court then upheld this decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Haggar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq02#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-13.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The additional requirements from ''Canada v. Singh'' do not need to be weighed against the statutory ones; if the new evidence does not meet the statutory requirements for admission in s. 110(4), there is no need to consider the further constraints at common law.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; Conservely, the RAD is under no obligation to analyze the explicit criteria of subsection 110(4) of the IRPA before analyzing these implied conditions of ''Raza'' and ''Singh''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, evidence must meet all of the above criteria; for example, if evidence is not credible, relevance and newness are irrelevant and the RAD can reasonably focus its analysis on the issue of credibility if it is determinative.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; 

More information: 

===== &lt;u&gt;Newness&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence new in the sense that it is capable of: (a) proving the current state of affairs in the country of removal or an event that occurred or a circumstance that arose after the hearing in the RPD, or (b) proving a fact that was unknown to the refugee claimant at the time of the RPD hearing, or (c) contradicting a finding of fact by the RPD (including a credibility finding)? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration)'', 2023 CF 451, para. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In general, this newness factor under ''Singh'' is considered “redundant” and it is said that it “does not really add” to what is required under s. 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (MCI) v. Singh'', 2016 FCA 96, at para. 46; ''Dugarte de Lopez v. Canada (MCI)'', 2020 FC 707, at para. 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Documents that essentially repeat the same information that was before the RPD will fail this newness criterion.&lt;ref&gt;''Kabba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 117 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv4nm#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-28.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, evidence that refers to an old risk should not be rejected as “not new” where it speaks to the development of the risk and is materially different evidence of that old risk.&lt;ref&gt;''Jessamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 489 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/29msb#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== &lt;u&gt;Credibility&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence credible, considering its source and the circumstances in which it came into existence? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the credibility analysis at this stage is not limited to specific grounds such as the “source” or the “circumstances in which [the evidence] came into existence.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;''Marquez Obando, Luis Fernando v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-1843-20), McHaffie, March 31, 2022, 2022 FC 441.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Is there reasonably expected corroborating evidence?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the Appellant indicated that he tried to obtain a document earlier, but was unable to do so because the police station had burned down. The RAD rejected the document on the basis that, among other things, there was no corroborating evidence regarding the alleged fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there a sufficient explanation of the circumstances in which the document was obtained?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the the RAD rejected a document as not sufficiently credible given that there was no explanation given as to how and why the handwritten paper document was saved from an alleged police station fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; In ''Naggayi v. Canada'', the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered marriage document because its availability contradicted the appellant's prior testimony that she had been unable to obtain it because her husband had it.&lt;ref&gt;''Naggayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 216 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j54nm#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'', the RAD concluded that a letter ostensibly from the Nigerian police was not credible because it did not explain how or why the police would assist a known fugitive.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada,'' the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered identity document on the basis that he had indicated that the document had been previously surrendered the document to his government's authorities before they had issued him a replacement document ten years prior, concluding &quot;it is not credible that after surrendering his old birth certificate to the authorities in 2009, the Appellant was suddenly somehow able to retrieve this document ten years later to disclose for his appeal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the original document been provided or only a copy thereof?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD determination that the fact that all that was provided was a WhatsApp screen shot of the document – not the document itself – properly detracted from the document's credibility in the circumstances.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence include reasonably expected security features?'' The RAD may conclude that evidence is not credible where it lacks reasonably expected security features.&lt;ref&gt;''Popoola v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 6 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlzcs#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Kumar v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that newly tendered evidence was not credible based on a “significant difference” between the affiant’s signature on one of the new affidavits as compared to two affidavits sworn by the same affiant that had been before the RPD. In the former, the last letter of the signature looked like a “z”; in the latter, it looked like an “n”.&lt;ref&gt;''Kumar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 127 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2fnj&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-29.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Ali Khan v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that a letter lacked credibility because of a discrepancy between the signature on it and the signature on the author's attached driver's licence.&lt;ref&gt;''Ali Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 797 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4xjj#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the timing by which the document allegedly arose exceedingly fortuitous?'' The RAD can regard the timing of evidence as dubious or convenient in a way which undermines its credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi, Olufemi Jonathan v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-7110-21), Favel, April 5, 2023; 2023 FC 478.&lt;/ref&gt; Past RAD panels have concluded that the production of alleged police and court documents which notably escalate efforts to find the appellant, days after the rejection of his claim, is suspicious.&lt;ref&gt;''Meng v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 365 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ggttf#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-29.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Yusuf v. Canada,'' the court held that the RAD reasonably found an affidavit was too fortuitous to be credible because it was extremely unlikely that the affiant, who was meant to be the applicant’s reception upon arrival in Canada but did not appear at the airport and never communicated with the applicant in the subsequent three years, ran into the applicant by chance within weeks of the negative RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yusuf, Abdirashid Cabdi v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9107-21), Fuhrer, July 28, 2023; 2023 FC 1032.&lt;/ref&gt; Such concerns about documents being obtained in implausible circumstances can serve to rebut the presumption of authenticity of foreign documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Shakil Ali, Unknown v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2344-22), Sebastien Grammond, February 2, 2023; 2023 FC 156 &lt;/ref&gt; However, fortuitous timing alone may not always be a sufficient standalone ground on which to dismiss evidence, since, as the RAD has observed “it is, of course, not impossible that the events would occur during this time and timing alone [may] very well not be a basis to find the Appellant’s story and the new evidence supporting it to be lacking in credibility.”&lt;ref&gt;''Oladeji v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1183 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k01h1#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; This is especially the case where an alternative potential triggering event, besides the RPD reasons, is put forward.&lt;ref&gt;''Ly Dao v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1192 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k62tb#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the document consistent with other evidence on file?'' In ''Tuncdemir v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD reasonably came to the conclusion that an affidavit lacked credibility in light of the fact that the affidavit contradicted certain parts of the Applicant’s BoC narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Tuncdemir v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gt78c#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt; Internal inconsistency between the evidence and the testimony of an applicant can also give rise to a negative credibility finding.&lt;ref&gt;''Cooper v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2012 FC 118 at para 4.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Sachdeva v. Canada'', the court commented as follows regarding an affidavit that an appellant considered providing to the RAD: &quot;the affiant, a resident of India from the region where the Sachdeva family lived, said at the beginning of his affidavit that he has known Mr. Sachdeva for the 'last couple of years,' whereas Mr. Sachdeva and his family left India in October 2018, i.e. four years before the affidavit was signed… Needless to say, on its face, this evidence was not credible and had no probative value whatsoever.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Sachdeva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1522 (CanLII), at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k71jm#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-01.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Are there other credibility issues with the source of this new evidence?'' The rejection of a witness’s affidavit on grounds of credibility is a reasonable matter to consider as part of assessing the source of subsequent evidence from that witness.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; At times, several interrelated documents are submitted, and their credibility may be assessed together; for example, in ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'' the RAD found that a letter from a lawyer that discussed a new police letter was “coloured with the same relevance and credibility problems as the new letter from the police”.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Satpal Singh v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision which found that a medical note lacked credibility, bearing no date or reference number, found that the event the medical note was meant to corroborate likely did not occur, and then rejected that portion of the father’s affidavit relating to an alleged attack on the basis that it referred to the medical note that was found not to be credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1421 (CanLII), at paras 7, 8, and 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6qn6#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the appellant submitted other fraudulent documents?'' When considering the source of the evidence, the tribunal is entitled to consider that the RAD has upheld other serious credibility concerns that involve the applicant’s submission of fraudulent documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Bashirov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 823 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhgbf#par15&gt;; Subramanian v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 1082 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzktf#par19&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD must guard against engaging in circular reasoning by refusing to admit evidence because the content of the new evidence is not credible based on the RPD’s findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Pilashvili, Mamuka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-4408-20), Go, May 12, 2022; 2022 FC 706.&lt;/ref&gt; A general finding that a refugee claimant lacks credibility does not impugn all evidence that might corroborate their story.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 906 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkd85#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* For further context, see also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPA Section 170 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 170(h) - May receive and base a decision on evidence considered credible or trustworthy]].

===== &lt;u&gt;Relevance&lt;/u&gt; =====
In determining the relevance of the new evidence, the RAD is required to determine whether the evidence was “capable of proving or disproving a fact that is relevant to the claim for protection”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The RAD is required to assess relevance in the context of the applicants’ submissions and how the items are being relied upon&lt;ref&gt;''Brzezinski v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 936 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz4j9#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-25.&lt;/ref&gt; relative to the determinative issues that are outstanding for the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Marku v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 255 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmzng#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Does the appellant refer to the evidence in their arguments on appeal?'' RAD Member K. Qureshi concluded in one case that as a result of the appellants’ failure to make submissions, they were unable to discern a psychological report's relevance to the appeal: &quot;While the principal Appellant may very well suffer from psychological impairments, the Appellants have not explained how this impacts the claim; for example, on the ability to testify, or live in an IFA etc.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 121480 (CA IRB), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhsvx#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; The report was rejected on this basis.
* ''Does the evidence relate to the determinative issue on appeal or only another issue?'' In ''Kakar v. Canada'' the court upheld the RAD's refusal to admit new evidence on the basis that &quot;if the Mafia is not targeting Mr. Kakar, evidence concerning the situation of persons sought by the Mafia is simply irrelevant.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Kakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 153 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv8l9#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Asim v. Canada'' the court upheld a RAD decision which had rejected a doctor’s letter as not relevant because the letter did not provide any specific information on how the applicant’s condition could have affected his testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Asim v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 517 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnq4m#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the determinative issue was the claimant's credibility and the RAD properly rejected the letter as not relevant because it did not relate to the credibility findings of the RPD.

===== &lt;u&gt;Materiality&lt;/u&gt; =====
As noted above, some Federal Court decisions note that evidence must also be &quot;material&quot; to be admitted on appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18; ''Ifogah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1139 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc3bf#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In the view of this author, the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal in ''Singh v. Canada'' answered a certified question on point as follows: &quot;the requirement concerning the materiality of the new evidence must be assessed in the context of subsection 110(6), for the sole purpose of determining whether the RAD may hold a hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 74, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par74&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the extent to which different Federal Court justices have articulated that there is a materiality requirement for evidence admission at the RAD may call this interpretation of ''Singh v. Canada'' into question - this includes comments by Justice Bell,&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Ahmed,&lt;ref&gt;''Faysal v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 324 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfqkt#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Gascon,&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13; ''Mavangou v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 177 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hz70j#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Little,&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot; /&gt; and Justice Sadrehashemi.&lt;ref&gt;''Egenti v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 639 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxd96#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, some panels of the RAD appear to have taken this approach when concluding that it is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; If the materiality of evidence is a condition precedent for admitting it before the RAD, it is said that the RAD must take a “generous approach” to the notion of materiality.&lt;ref&gt;Khan v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2020 FC 438 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; In the Pre-Removal Risk Assessment context, the Federal Court of Appeal phrased the materiality question as follows: &quot;Is the evidence material, in the sense that the refugee claim probably would have succeeded if the evidence had been made available to the RPD? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; This approach is best not followed at the RAD; in the words of the Federal Court, the materiality test that the RAD applies is less rigid since the RAD has a broader mandate and can accept new evidence that, while not determinative, has an impact on the overall assessment of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
*''Should any weight be assigned to the evidence?'' The court has noted that it is impossible to conclude new evidence, once admitted, has no weight because, if the evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it would not have been admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-15; ''Wang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 200 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34jw#par52&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-28&lt;/ref&gt;
=== The RAD may refuse to accept new evidence that is not credible without holding a hearing or inviting additional submissions ===
In situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The Federal Court holds that the lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt; 

Furthermore, the credibility of newly submitted documents is generally not a new issue requiring notice. The court considered this question in ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' a case where the RAD based credibility findings about new evidence directly on the form and contents of the letter filed by the applicants themselves, and in a case where the applicant's credibility was already in question. In that case, the court held that procedural fairness did not require the RAD to provide the applicants with another opportunity, in addition to the one already provided for by ''RAD Rules'', to respond to questions about the credibility of the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing]].

=== The RAD may exclude evidence but then provide an alternative analysis of how the evidence would affect the decision if it had been admitted ===
It is open to a panel of the RAD to determine that evidence does not meet the criteria to be admitted, but to state that in the event that it has erred in concluding that the documents should not be admitted into evidence, it will, in the alternative, consider them.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 915 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxzb4#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-21.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Hashim v. Canada,'' the Court found even though documents did not constitute new evidence and that it had not accepted them on that basis, the decision's further analysis of those documents “was not intended to lessen this finding, but rather was conducted as a matter of completeness.”&lt;ref&gt;''Hashim, Ali v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-11290-22), Furlanetto, September 11, 2023; 2023 FC 1224.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may decline to consider whether or not new evidence is admissible if the new evidence would not change the outcome of the appeal ===
It is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 24189 (CA IRB), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j6264#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-24; ''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 152954 (CA IRB), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt4br#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-20; ''X (Re),'' 2023 CanLII 145561 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5q36#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-10.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may reject evidence, accept evidence, or accept evidence only in part ===
The RAD may accept only part of a particular document on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 124591 (CA IRB), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jqgs3#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-28.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Bhuiyan v. Canada'' the RAD acted properly where it accepted an affidavit from the appellant, but not the exhibits attached to the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 351 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3g0k#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt; Inadmissible evidence does not become admissible simply because it is commingled with, or bootstrapped onto, a document which is admissible. As such, for example, where an affidavit includes both admissible and inadmissible paragraphs a panel may admit some and reject others. 

=== The RAD may conclude that new evidence meets the threshold for admissibility, even if it is ultimately held to lack reliability and credibility ===
In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision in which the RAD found that the new evidence met the threshold for admissibility, but assigned it little weight on the basis that the letters lacked reliability and credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzn1k#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-11.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD would err if it admitted evidence, but then assigned it ''no weight'': the court has held that if evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it will not be admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(6): Hearings ==
&lt;pre&gt;Hearing
(6) The Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)
(a) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal;
(b) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim; and
(c) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing ===
The RAD Rules put the onus on applicants to inform the RAD why they are requesting an oral hearing and to provide “full and detailed submissions” supporting this request.&lt;ref&gt;''Sisay Teka v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2018 FC 314 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hr3pj#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, while the RAD rules allow an appellant to request a hearing, the IRPA does not actually impose a burden either to request, or to satisfy the RAD that the circumstances merit, an oral hearing.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The onus rests with the RAD to consider and apply the statutory criteria reasonably.&lt;ref&gt;''Horvath v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 CF 147 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hqbkx#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD's reasons should show how it conducted a meaningful analysis of the criteria in subsection 110(6) and determined whether or not to hold an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Tchangoue v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 334, paras. 17-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRPA provides that the Division is entitled to base its decision on evidence adduced in the proceedings that it considered credible or trustworthy; this is a statutory basis from the Division to determine that there is sufficient evidence in the record to decide an appeal without further testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Baleeyoos v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2024 FC 666 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4d5v#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-12.&lt;/ref&gt; See the statutory provision at: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/171 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 171(a.3)]]. 

While this is a discretionary provision,&lt;ref&gt;''Abdulai v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 173 (CanLII), at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmbdm#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; and oral hearings at the RAD are relatively unusual,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; a hearing must generally be held where these statutory requirements are met.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; While the RAD retains discretion to (not) hold a hearing under subsection 110(6), it will need to exercise that discretion reasonably in the circumstances.&lt;ref&gt;''Mofreh v Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship)'', 2019 FC 97 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has concluded that “an oral hearing will generally be required when the statutory criteria have been satisfied”.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhuo v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 911, para. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Not exercising that discretion to hold an oral hearing simply because neither party requested a hearing does not meet the threshold of reasonableness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;''Zhuo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 911 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkgfv#par11&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-15.&lt;/ref&gt; In Waldman's words, &quot;although the language in both the RAD and PRRA context is permissive rather than imperative, the jurisprudence in the PRRA context would appear to indicate that hearings may be a mandatory component of procedural fairness in cases where credibility is central to the decision. This principle was first established by the Supreme Court in ''Singh'' and has been integrated into the jurisprudence on the PRRA regime.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-228.3 (Section 9.553) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, there is no right to an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 46, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par46&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

Furthermore, in situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;''Rashid v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1569 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1f1t#par27&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Interpretation of the section 110(6) criteria ===
Section 110(6) of the IRPA provides that the Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3) that meets the following three-part conjunctive test. The presumption, according to this statutory provision, is that there will be no oral hearing unless all three criteria under the tripartite test in subsection 110(6) are met as well as the conditions under subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Ketchen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gphgd#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; This differs from the cognate provision for the PRRA context where there is divergent Federal Court caselaw about whether an applicant does not need to meet all the criteria under that section before an oral hearing is required&lt;ref&gt;''Hurtado Prieto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 253 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/28gxm#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; or whether all three criteria must be met for an oral hearing to be held.&lt;ref&gt;''Song v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 449 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq0d#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, this section of the IRPA is clear that all three subsections of 110(6) must be present for a hearing to be held with the phase &quot;à la fois&quot; that precedes the criteria in the French text (&quot;La section peut tenir une audience si elle estime qu’il existe des éléments de preuve documentaire visés au paragraphe (3) qui, à la fois...&quot;).

The criteria for determining whether to hold an oral hearing set out in subsection 110(6) of the IRPA “are unquestionably related to the materiality of the new documentary evidence”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1155 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzvjq#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt; The following subsection 110(6) criteria are said to be &quot;associated with the existence of new documentary evidence&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The section of the regulations on having a hearing in the PRRA context, that this paragraph is modelled on, is said to be &quot;an awkwardly worded section&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Tekie v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 27 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1jlvs#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== &lt;u&gt;(A) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal&lt;/u&gt; ====
When approaching this question, a panel can consider whether the new evidence will alter credibility findings or “justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the applicant”?&lt;ref&gt;''Gedara v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1023 (CanLII), at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jjf5q#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with the respect to the credibility of the ''person'' who is the subject of the appeal; a hearing should not be held merely to assess the credibility of the evidence itself if that evidence does not raise a serious issue with respect to the person's credibility. In the words of ''A.B. v. Canada'', the RAD is not required to hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of new evidence—it is when otherwise credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the general credibility of the applicant that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 61 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j50l4#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As Justice Norris has observed in the analogous PRRA context, while it can be difficult to draw a bright line, “doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ahmed v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 1207 at para 32.&lt;/ref&gt; This factor is composed of two elements: (i) the new evidence must raise a serious issue and (ii) this serious issue must be in respect of the credibility of the person. In approaching this question, a panel can consider the following questions:
* ''Does the new evidence raise a new serious credibility issue?'' 
** ''Does the new evidence justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and their narrative?'' The Federal Court of Appeal specifies that a hearing is only held where new evidence would justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and his or her narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FCA 96, paragraph 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Federal Court states that it is when credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the ''general credibility'' of the person that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 61, paragraph 17 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Is there already similar evidence in the record?'' Panels have generally considered whether there was already similar evidence in the record. If so, then the new, additional, evidence will generally not raise a serious issue with respect to credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Pestova v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1024 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/h4vbf#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05; See also: ''Ajaj v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 674, paragraph 22 (CanLII); ''Ikheloa v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1161, paragraph 29 (CanLII); ''Nteta–Tshamala v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1191, paragraph 30 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Is the serious issue raised by the new evidence in respect of the credibility of a person who is the subject of the appeal?'' 
** ''Do credibility questions emerge from the evidence, or only questions regarding the probative value and/or sufficiency of the evidence?'' Section 110(6) requires that, before a hearing can be held, new documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal. Doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334, paragraph 42 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD accepts the credibility of the person’s testimony, there is no issue raised as to his credibility, a precondition to holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 1783, paragraph 16 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD does not have credibility concerns as a result of the evidence, but rather concerns about the evidence's weight, the criteria of s. 110(6) will not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Adera v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 871 (CanLII), at para 57, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp11#par57&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, where the RAD does not raise any &quot;new&quot; serious issues with respect to the credibility of the applicant, but instead bases its decision on a lack of sufficient evidence to prove the applicant's claim (e.g. the applicant's identity), then a hearing is not available.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 172 (CanLII), at paras 63-65, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j51j4#par65&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** ''Does the new evidence call into question the credibility of an appellant or of third parties?'' In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court concluded that the RAD was not obligated to conduct an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the new evidence that had been offered, as the new evidence did not raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the appellants, but rather called into question the credibility of the third parties who authored the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), para. 32.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kanakarathinam v. Canada'', the Federal Court noted that a credibility finding against a third party (for example, the applicant's mother) does not trigger the right to an oral hearing as this does not go directly to the applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Kanakarathinam, Uthayasankar v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-764-21), McDonald, April 21, 2022; 2022 FC 577.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence from third parties recounting new incidents occurring in a home country while an appellant is in Canada will not necessarily impact on the appellant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; 

==== &lt;u&gt;(B) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Is the evidence central to the RPD's decision, or an aspect thereof?'' The court notes that this criterion requires not that the new evidence be &quot;central to the claim&quot; but instead &quot;central to the decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeme v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1243 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwk5b#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, evidence which is central to the claim but on a point that was not at issue in the decision or reasons, would not be &quot;central to the decision&quot;.
* ''Is the evidence central with respect to one of the elements that has or needs to be proven to receive refugee protection?'' This can be considered a materiality requirement; evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; An example of a situation that would meet this criterion, but not the next, is where a claim was rejected on the basis of identity and IFA. New evidence related to identity would be central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim, even if, if accepted, it would not, in itself, justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.

==== &lt;u&gt;(C) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Does the evidence relate to a determinative issue?'' In assessing this criterion, the RAD should look at the determinative issue(s) and whether the findings would be affected by the new evidence. See, for example, ''Idugboe v. Canada'': &quot;The evidence that was rejected on credibility grounds spoke to new instances of threats and attacks, none of which would have affected the determinative IFA issue. While the evidence arguably speaks to the motivation of Mr. Idugboe’s family to find the Idugboes on their return, the IFA determination was based on a variety of factors, including their means and ability to locate the Idugboes in Port Harcourt, none of which was affected by this newly tendered evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Do the documents raise a new issue that could justify granting protection?'' Where the new evidence that has been tendered raises a new issue that could justify granting protection, for example a ''sur place'' claim, then this will indicate that this criterion is met.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 674 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsct8#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Should the evidence be accorded sufficient weight such that it could justify allowing or rejecting the claim?'' When making this determination, it is proper to consider the weight of the evidence that has been tendered; where new evidence has been admitted, but has been assigned very little weight such that it is insufficient to overcome previous negative credibility findings, then this may properly indicate that the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in this subsection are thereby not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may decide that it is able to sufficiently consider the evidence and assess its probative value without holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 42, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par42&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; It may assign very little weight to the “new” evidence and find the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in the subsection have not been met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision that in a case where the appellant had not established his identity, and had submitted fraudulent evidence about his identity, newly accepted affidavits from two friends in Toronto did not justify holding an oral hearing because they did not justify allowing or rejecting the claim given that the evidence could not outweigh the other credibility concerns with the appellant's identity on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Applicability of PRRA jurisprudence ===
The factors listed in section 167 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations'' which govern when a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) officer will hold a hearing are nearly identical to those listed in subsection 110(6) of the Act.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court held in ''Shen v. Canada'' that the nearly identical factors appear to indicate Parliament’s intention that similar analyses should be applied in each case.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court went to to comment, &quot;the similarity of the provisions does not automatically lead to the conclusion that the Court’s jurisprudence under each provision is interchangeable&quot;.

=== Ability to conduct a ''voir dire'' to determine whether evidence will be admitted ===
The general practice of the RAD is to hold an oral hearing only after documentary evidence is already accepted as new evidence. An oral hearing in the nature of a ''voir dire'', where a hearing is held in order to determine whether the documentary evidence ought to be admitted into evidence, is not generally held at the RAD. 

As stated in ''Mohamed v. Canada'', there is no question that the RAD may only convene an oral hearing where evidence meets the criteria of s. 110(4) of the Act: &quot;subsection 110(6) permits the RAD to hold an oral hearing where, in its opinion, 'there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)' that meets the criteria in paragraphs (''a''), (''b''), and (''c''). The subsection thus only applies in circumstances where it determines there ''is'' evidence referred to in subsection 110(3). Such documentary evidence may only be filed by the person subject to the appeal if they establish it meets the requirements of subsection 110(4). In other words, the RAD must determine whether there is evidence that meets the requirements of subsection 110(4) before conducting the subsection 110(6) assessment of whether that evidence (a) raises a serious issue of credibility, (b) is central to the decision on the refugee protection claim, and (c) would justify allowing or rejecting the claim.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Mohamed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1145 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc40l#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 

A question arises, however, about whether evidence must in every case meet the ''Canada v. Singh'' criteria,&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; including being judged to be credible, prior to an oral hearing being held. Some panels of the RAD&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; and Federal Court&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 438, paragraph 35 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; have concluded that the answer is &quot;no&quot;. This is so for several reasons, including that the text of s. 110(6)(c) of the IRPA implies that the decision about whether to admit the evidence or not need not be made at the time of the oral hearing, as that criterion is to be evaluated &quot;à supposer qu’ils soient admis&quot;, i.e. &quot;supposing they [the new documents] are admitted&quot;, employing the subjunctive mood for the verb être, which implies uncertainty and indeterminacy. Furthermore, it could be argued that the &quot;if accepted&quot; wording in this provision applies to the facts contained in the new documents, not to the documents themselves. 

To this end, the Federal Court has held that in some circumstances, an oral hearing ought to be held to properly consider new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1182 (CanLII), at para 81, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hw9c9#par81&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-21.&lt;/ref&gt; But see the following statements: the Federal Court has stated that the RAD can only hold an oral hearing after it decides to admit new evidence: &quot;the RAD could not have held an oral hearing about whether to admit the new evidence—it had to have admitted the new evidence in order to have the statutory authority to hold an oral hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Homauoni v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1403 (CanLII), at paras 38-39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl9md#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Limones Munoz v. Canada'' the court commented that &quot;there must be a link between the documentary evidence admitted and the three elements listed in [section 110(6)]&quot;, indicating that the documentary evidence must have been admitted in order for a hearing to be convened.&lt;ref&gt;''Limones Munoz v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2020 FC 1051 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jbxx4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the Federal Court stated categorically in ''Hossain v. Canada'' that &quot;There is no statutory basis for the RAD convening an oral hearing to determine the admissibility of evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Hossain v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1255 (CanLII), at para 40, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k08wv#par40&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' the court held that &quot;the RAD can hold a hearing only if it has already determined that the new documents filed meet the criteria of subsection 110(4), including the credibility criterion.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Decision
111 (1) After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division shall make one of the following decisions:
(a) confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division;
(b) set aside the determination and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made; or
(c) refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate.
(1.1) [Repealed, 2012, c. 17, s. 37]

Referrals
(2) The Refugee Appeal Division may make the referral described in paragraph (1)(c) only if it is of the opinion that
(a) the decision of the Refugee Protection Division is wrong in law, in fact or in mixed law and fact; and
(b) it cannot make a decision under paragraph 111(1)(a) or (b) without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
s. 111(1.1) was previously titled &quot;Manifestly unfounded&quot; and stated &quot;(1.1) For greater certainty, if the Refugee Appeal Division does not set it aside, the Refugee Protection Division’s determination under section 107.1 is confirmed.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 111, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec111&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; This was repealed in 2012. 

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division ===
After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division. Such a determination may be justified where the RAD either determines that the RPD did not err or that any error does not justify overturning the decision. For example, panels of the RAD have relied on jurisprudence requiring an applicant to demonstrate that a breach of procedural fairness was material to the tribunal’s decision before setting aside or overturning the decision, so the mere fact of such a breach may not suffice to justify setting aside an RPD determination.&lt;ref&gt;''Roy v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2013 FC 768 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

The RAD may, as a matter of jurisdiction, substitute its own determination of the merits of the refugee claim on a basis that was not addressed by the RPD in its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; One line of jurisprudence holds that it is also not required to determine that the RPD erred before considering an alternate ground on which to uphold a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Okechukwu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1142 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gv8zj#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, another line of jurisprudence holds that when the RAD confirms the decision of the RPD on another basis, it must do so only after it determines the existence of an error in the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The first line of jurisprudence appears to be favoured for the following reasons:

* Such an interpretation of the RAD's jurisdiction is most consistent with its mandate to be &quot;decisive, fair and efficient&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* That interpretation is most consistent with the statutory language given that paragraphs 111(1)(a) and 111(1)(b) of the IRPA gave the RAD the power to confirm or substitute the “determination” of the RPD, and as such, it is not bound by the reasoning in the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* The restrictions on returning claims to the RPD for redetermination under subsection 111(2) of the IRPA suggests that Parliament’s intent was to have the RAD finalize refugee protection claims where it can do so fairly, including by confirming a determination on alternative grounds.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made ===
The RAD has the power to set aside a determination made by the RPD and substitute its determination that, in its opinion, should have been made. This has implications for when the RAD may raise new issues and what limitations exist on the RAD's ability to set aside the determination of the RPD. 

The RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]]. 

When substituting the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made, the RAD must identify what specific error the RPD made that justifies its intervention. One may look to s. 110 of the IRPA which provides that an appeal is to be on a question of law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact. The fact that the RAD is an appellate tribunal is relevant to the nature of the analysis that is expected in its reasons when it reverses a decision of the RPD that that Division had offered reasons for.&lt;ref&gt;''Tretsetsang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 175 (CanLII), [2017] 3 FCR 399, at para 58, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gs2j6#par58&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-01 (in dissent, but not on this point).&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court notes that &quot;the RAD’s role is not to carry out a ''de novo'' examination of the refugee claim that the RPD had to address&quot; and as such &quot;it is insufficient for the RAD to ask whether it would have reached a different conclusion had it been in the RPD’s position, without regard for any aspect of the RPD’s decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Gebrewold,'' 2018 FC 374 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrs2h#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-02.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the Federal Court held that &quot;it was insufficient, in my view, for the RAD to give the respondent the benefit of the doubt without stating how the RPD erred in not doing the same&quot;. As such, while Waldman argues that this provision allows the RAD to substitute its decision for that of the RPD, even if no new evidence has been submitted and no error has been identified in the RPD decision,&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-238.4 (Section 9.554) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; this should not be taken as licencing the RAD to act arbitrarily and intervene to overturn the RPD's finding without, for example, identifying why it is weighing the evidence differently and why the RPD was wrong to do otherwise. 

See also:

* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#IRPA Section 3(2)(e) - Fair and efficient procedures that maintain integrity and uphold human rights]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]]
=== IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances ===
When the RAD finds that the RPD erred, as per s. 111 of the Act it must provide a final determination by setting aside the decision and substituting its own determination of the merits of the claim, and “it is only when the RAD is of the opinion that it cannot provide such a final determination without hearing the oral evidence presented to the RPD that the matter can be referred back to the RPD for redetermination”.&lt;ref&gt;''Madu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 758 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl51#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

Thus, per IRPA s. 111(2), the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that (a) the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both, and (b) the RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD. This is a conjunctive test:&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;''Javed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 574 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jggb6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 111(2)(a) The RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both ====
The Court has found the RAD has no jurisdiction to refer a matter back to the RPD if the RAD does not identify the RPD’s error.&lt;ref&gt;Berhani, 2021 FC 1007.&lt;/ref&gt; Where, for example, the RAD does not articulate why the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law, or both, but simply notes that new evidence has been adduced on appeal, and that new evidence does not contradict any existing factual findings, then the RAD may not remit the case to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Denis,'' 2022 FC 552 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnrrk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-13.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Canada v. Hayat,'' the claimant stated to the RAD that his claim on the basis of sexual orientation at the RPD had been made up, that he was not gay, but that he wanted to present a different basis to claim related to political opinion. The RAD determined that the appellant should be given the benefit of the doubt and remitted the matter to the RPD for a new hearing. The court held that this had been unreasonable, as the RAD had not identified any error with the RPD's original decision finding that the Appellant's sexual orientation-based claim was not credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Hayat,'' 2022 FC 1772 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtp8q&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, the law did not permit the RAD to remit the matter to the RPD. See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]].

==== 111(2)(b) The RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD ====
The provision “acknowledges the fact that in some cases where oral testimony is critical or determinative in the opinion of the RAD, the RAD may not be in a position to confirm or substitute its own determination to that of the RPD”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Huruglica'', 2016 FCA 93, para. 69.&lt;/ref&gt; As stated in ''Malambu v. Canada'', a combined reading of sections 110 and 111 of the IRPA and of Rule 3 of the RAD Rules indicates that where no new evidence is submitted to the RAD, but the RAD is of the opinion that the RPD’s decision is wrong in law or fact or mixed law and fact, and that it can neither confirm nor set aside the decision appealed without itself holding a hearing to re-examine the evidence adduced, it must refer the matter back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gmlcg#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

A question can arise about how to interpret the legislative provision that the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a case back to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that it cannot make a decision without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division. The courts have articulated several approaches to interpreting this requirement:

* &lt;u&gt;Need to hear specific evidence:&lt;/u&gt; In some cases, the court has suggested the RAD can only refer a matter back only when there was oral evidence that was previously presented to the RPD that the RAD would need to hear in order to render a final decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuriddinova v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1093, paragraphs 37–38 (CanLII); ''Ye v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1025, paragraphs 40 and 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; This approach appears consistent with the plain English-language text of the statutory provision, which indicates that the RAD may only refer a matter back to the RPD where it was not able to make a decision &quot;without hearing ''evidence that was presented'' to the Refugee Protection Division [''emphasis added'']&quot;. 
* &lt;u&gt;Meaningful advantage standard:&lt;/u&gt; Under this line of caselaw, in order to meet the criteria set out in s. 111(2)(b), the RAD must conclude that the RPD had a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Javed v. Canada'', the court stated that in a case where the RAD &quot;concluded that the RPD did not have a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility,...it was not open to the RAD by operation of paragraph 111(2)(b), to refer the matter back to the RPD for re‑determination.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Not all decisions that turn on credibility necessitate returning a matter to the RPD in order to reach new findings; the RAD may reach its own assessment of credibility based on the evidentiary record before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 204 (CanLII), paragraph 7; ''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Alazar,'' 2021 FC 637, paragraphs 70-71 (CanLII)).&lt;/ref&gt; The converse can also hold: where the RPD did have a meaningful advantage regarding its credibility findings, then, as a general proposition, the RAD may not undertake a &quot;wholesale review and reversal&quot; of the RPD's credibility findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Purposive approach of remitting to hear additional evidence:&lt;/u&gt; A question can arise about whether this provision allows the RAD to refer a matter to the RPD where no evidence was canvassed at the RPD on a particular determinative issue. In ''Saghiri v. Canada'' the RPD had not canvassed the issue of 1F(b) exclusion at the hearing, the RAD held that this was in error, no new evidence was submitted on appeal, and the appellant submitted that the RAD could not remit the matter to the RPD for further examination pursuant to this provision the issue was not canvassed during the RPD's oral hearing''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;'' The Minister's position is that a purposive interpretation of paragraph 111(2)(b) of ''IRPA'' “allows the RAD to remit a refugee claim for further evidence because otherwise restricting the evidence on the RPD’s redetermination would bring about an absurd consequence”, since the RAD can only confirm, substitute or return a decision under section 111(1) of ''IRPA''. If the RAD needs more evidence, but cannot refer a claim to the RPD, then the RAD would be “hamstrung”.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par52&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The court acknowledges that when looking at its particular wording, paragraph 111(2)(b) is “awkwardly written” in both English and French.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; ''Saghiri v. Canada'' upheld a RAD decision to remit a matter so that the RPD could ask questions on an additional issue as follows: &quot;There was no or insufficient evidence before the RPD on the issue of exclusion which it could have heard that would have allowed it to confirm or substitute its own determination of the issue. Thus the only remedy was to send it back to the RPD for all of the evidence relating to the claim to be heard again in order to make an informed decision on the question of exclusion.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 55, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par55&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-03.&lt;/ref&gt; This is arguably consistent with the French-language provision, which speaks to being able to refer a matter to the RPD for re-determination if the RAD cannot make a decision without holding a new hearing in order to ''réexamen'' (which has been translated as re-examine,&lt;ref&gt;''Patent Act,'' RSC 1985, c P-4, s 48.1, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vkn#sec48.1&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; reconsider,&lt;ref&gt;''Reconsideration Notice and Process - Exceptional Disclosure of Non-Conviction Information,'' O Reg 348/18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/53gtv&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; review,&lt;ref&gt;''Review Panel Regulation,'' YOIC 2020/97, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/54bwk&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; or reappraise) the evidence that was presented to the RPD: &quot;''qu’elle ne peut confirmer la décision attaquée ou casser la décision et y substituer la décision qui aurait dû être rendue sans tenir une nouvelle audience en vue du réexamen des éléments de preuve qui ont été présentés à la Section de la protection des réfugiés.''&quot; The French text would appear to permit remitting a matter where the written evidence needs to be re-examined through additional oral questions. Similarly, in cases where procedural fairness was breached at the RPD and an issue was not adequately canvased or put to the claimant, the RAD may be obliged to return the matter to the RPD where it cannot remedy the procedural fairness breach on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdelrahman v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 527 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jg6tv#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-17.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

As a general proposition, even where an applicant establishes that the necessary conditions exist, the RAD retains a discretion about whether to refer a matter back to the RPD. It is under no obligation to do so.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; This discretion stems from the use of the word &quot;may&quot; in s. 111(2) (&quot;may make the referral&quot;) as opposed to an imperative wording such as &quot;shall&quot;. Furthermore, considered broadly, section 111 of the IRPA is said to evidence Parliament's intent that the RAD bring finality to the refugee claims determination process where possible.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93, paragraph 58 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; However, as the Federal Court of Appeal held in ''Singh v. Canada'', where the RAD finds that all of the evidence should be heard again in order to make an informed decision, it must refer the case back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

Once a matter is remitted, it is to follow the process set out in the IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division''.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The record on a RAD-ordered redetermination]].

=== IRPA 111(1)(c): the Refugee Appeal Division may give the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate when referring a matter for re-determination ===
Section 111(1)(c) of the IRPA provides that after considering an appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the Refugee Protection Division for redetermination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate. In appropriate circumstances, a decision-maker may fashion a creative remedy in order to prevent a potential injustice.&lt;ref&gt;''Kolawole v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1384 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0wrg#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt; However, directions ought not to unduly tread into responsibilities given to the other Division by Parliament under the IRPA''.''&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division'' provides that where the RAD has determined that there was a denial of natural justice in the original hearing and provides specific directions, the RPD will comply with those directions.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022), at 5.2.&lt;/ref&gt;  

There are any number of such directions that can be provided, including that:  

* &lt;u&gt;Same panel:&lt;/u&gt; The matter is to be heard by the same RPD panel as initially heard the claim, if at all possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2013 CanLII 76391 (CA IRB), at para 66, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/g23dh#par66&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Accept past findings:&lt;/u&gt; In hearing and deciding the claim, the RPD is to consider only specific evidence that relates to the reasons why the matter is being remitted and the panel is to accept the findings of the first RPD panel unless those findings are disturbed by the new evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Similarly, when remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that &quot;Given that the previous PRRA officer accepted the Applicant’s evidence in relation to his involvement in the BNP, this aspect of his profile—namely his previous role as a “root level leader” of the BNP—need not be reconsidered unless there are new reasons to doubt its veracity.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 678 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4f3s&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Priority scheduling:&lt;/u&gt; An order may be made that there be priority scheduling for the remitted matter.&lt;ref&gt;''Abeleira v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2017 FC 1008.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may also set a deadline to re-examine the file.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 7156 (CA IRB), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hxc71#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has also ordered that a redetermination of a matter be completed and a decision issued within a specified timeframe, for example no later than 60 days from the date of the court's decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Consider proceeding in writing:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that a re-hearing may not be necessary as the parties may be able to address the limited issue on redetermination in writing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Choudhry,'' 2023 FC 1536 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1sg4#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-20.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Make a particular finding:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting a matter from judicial review, in ''Singh v. Canada,'' the Federal Court ordered that the Board member dismiss the claim on the exclusion ground for the reasons already provided.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt; 
Where the Federal Court provides directions, and those directions cannot be complied with, then parties may seek further direction from the court.&lt;ref&gt;''Rogelyn Cuyugan CABIGAS v. MPSEP'' (F.C., no. IMM-1475-22), Gleeson, April 12, 2023, 2023 FC 517.&lt;/ref&gt; This author is unaware of any analogous precedents regarding RAD directions.

== References ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;
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      <text bytes="132391" sha1="1ihuvdx5um45y173ahrz22907no1z1r" xml:space="preserve">== IRPA Sections 110-111: Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division ==
Sections 110 and 111 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' read:&lt;pre&gt;Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division

Appeal
110 (1) Subject to subsections (1.1) and (2), a person or the Minister may appeal, in accordance with the rules of the Board, on a question of law, of fact or of mixed law and fact, to the Refugee Appeal Division against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division to allow or reject the person’s claim for refugee protection.

Notice of appeal
110(1.1) The Minister may satisfy any requirement respecting the manner in which an appeal is filed and perfected by submitting a notice of appeal and any supporting documents.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD ===
As per s. 110(1) of the IRPA, the jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD. The RAD is to apply the correctness standard of review to determine whether the RPD erred.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 157, at para 106, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp2gp#par106&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-15.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD reviews the RPD’s decisions for correctness” and “no deference is shown to the original decision maker”. Instead, the RAD “conducts its own analysis of the question” and “must determine whether it agrees with the answer given by the decision maker; if not, it will substitute its own view and provide the correct answer”. Therefore, the RAD “is ultimately empowered to come to its own conclusions on the question”. Importantly “this can entail reweighing the evidence that was before the RPD, either in and of itself or in light of new evidence admitted on the appeal. The RAD is not required to defer to the RPD’s findings, including factual ones”.&lt;ref&gt;''Marinaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 548 (CanLII) at para 45.&lt;/ref&gt;

However, the court recognizes that there there may be cases where the RPD enjoyed a meaningful advantage over the RAD in making findings of fact or mixed fact and law. Although the RAD should sometimes exercise a degree of restraint before substituting its own determination, the issue of whether the circumstances warrant such restraint ought to be addressed on a case-by-case basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Huruglica,'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), para. 70.&lt;/ref&gt; The record before the RAD should, in most cases, fully disclose the information on which the RPD based its findings and permit the RAD to review them on a correctness basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Rozas del Solar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1145 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; If, however, the RPD makes credibility findings based on information to which the RAD would not have access to on appeal, the RPD may enjoy a meaningful advantage warranting deference from the RAD.

The RAD may then set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made]].

The fact that the RAD may hear appeals on questions of fact and mixed law and fact indicates that the RAD has jurisdiction as a trier of fact, which includes determinations of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Keqaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 563, paragraph 14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; The RAD should show that it has carried out this task through the analysis that it provides in its reasons.&lt;ref&gt;''Aliasgari v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1338 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6hss#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt; However, decision-makers are not required to refer to every piece of evidence or address every argument:&lt;ref&gt;''Akhagbemhe, Loretha Olere v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2630-23), Gleeson, February 26, 2024; 2024 FC 313.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Decisions may focus on the determinative issue]]. That said, a failure by the RPD to provide adequate reasons may be a ground for the RAD to grant an appeal of a RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Albadrawsawi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1207 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k638z#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is to proceed on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, unless admissible new evidence is accepted onto the record. This has implications for the jurisdiction of the RAD to hear and consider new issues. Where a claim could have been presented to the RPD, but was not, and statements in support of that aspect of the claim are not admissible on appeal as new evidence, then the RAD need not assess that aspect of the appellant's allegations. For example, in ''Vasli v. Canada'', the RAD found that a claim based upon wearing the hijab could have been raised before the RPD and so it could not be raised for the first time at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Vasli v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 77 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv0qx#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-26.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so because, while “the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence, absent new evidence on an issue, it cannot consider a new argument, developed for the ﬁrst time on appeal.”&lt;ref&gt;''Ganiyu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 296 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmswk#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances]].

The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 3(3)(g)(i): The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal]]. A corollary of the obligation to identify such errors is that, subject to some exceptions discussed at the link above, an applicant cannot reasonably fault the RAD for not going beyond the grounds of appeal or for not providing extensive reasons regarding matters that the applicant did not challenge.&lt;ref&gt;''Shalaiev, Dmytro'' ''v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-6383-20), Roussel, April 1, 2022; 2022 FC 457.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee]].

=== The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal submissions ===
The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;''Fatime v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 594 at para 19.&lt;/ref&gt; As part of this, the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;''Aghedo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 450 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfx80#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD is not bound by the findings of the RPD on appeal, and it remains open to the RAD to render new or different substantive findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 291 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k30f8#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD is to conduct its own independent review of the file, including on issues of credibility, without holding a new oral hearing]]. 

Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. At the common law, appellate courts ordinarily have a limited discretion to raise new issues. As the Supreme Court of Canada recognized in ''R. v. Mian'', while appellate courts have the discretion to raise new issues, this power should be used sparingly and “only in rare circumstances”. It further explained that a new issue should only be raised “when failing to do so would risk an injustice”, “whether there is a sufficient record on which to raise the issue”, and where it would not result in “procedural prejudice to any party”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Ewen,'' 2023 FCA 225 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k165v#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-11-20.&lt;/ref&gt; These criteria arguably need not constrain the RAD, a specialized tribunal distinct from a court. The Federal Court notes that the strict application of the concepts from ''R. v. Mian'' to the RPD/RAD context is not binding.&lt;ref&gt;''Nmashie v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 437 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jwf7t#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; It may be argued that section 111 of the IRPA signals that the standard from ''R. v. Mian'' is not the one that should apply to the RAD and that the RAD has broad discretion to bring finality to a claim consistent with its obligation to proceed quickly and informally: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously|Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals]] and [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]. The court holds that &quot;upon a plain reading of the legislation&quot;, the RAD is clothed with the jurisdiction to raise and decide an issue such as the availability of an Internal Flight Alternative, even if neither party has raised it, provided that it notifies the parties and gives them an opportunity to present submissions on the new issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the Federal Court has at times had recourse to the criteria from ''R. v. Mian'' when interpreting the RAD's jurisdiction, for example with Justice Kane of the Federal Court finding that the RAD may only raise a new issue &quot;if failing to raise the new issue would risk injustice&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Ching v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 725 at para 71, 255 ACWS (3d) 805.&lt;/ref&gt; For a discussion of what constitutes a new issue, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#What is a new issue requiring notice?]].

Some earlier Federal Court caselaw held that the RAD lacked jurisdiction to independently decide issues that had not been decided by the RPD, for example a ''sur place'' claim. That caselaw held that if the RAD felt that such an issue ought to have been decided, the RAD should refer that part of the claim back to the RPD for a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Jianzhu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 551 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ghfbz#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, those decisions have been distinguished on the basis that they have been supplanted by the subsequent Federal Court of Appeal case ''Huruglica v Canada''&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; and the cases have been read as standing for the proposition that &quot;the RAD may not raise a new issue not determined by the RPD without providing further notice to the appellant,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ojarikre v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 896 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkfd9#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; not as a wholesale want of RAD jurisdiction requiring a remittal to the RPD. See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 7 provides that the Division may, without further notice, decide the appeal, but further notice is required if the appeal is decided on a new ground]].

This said, the Federal Court, in ''Sarker v. Canada'', cautions against a “wholesale review and reversal” of the RPD’s credibility findings without an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367''.'' &lt;/ref&gt; However, it is well established that the RAD may make new credibility assessments without an oral hearing on the basis of the evidence before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Siddiqui v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1028, paragraph 10 (CanLII) relying on ''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763, paragraph 38 (CanLII). &lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(2): Restrictions on appeals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Restriction on appeals
(2) No appeal may be made in respect of any of the following:
(a) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting the claim for refugee protection of a designated foreign national;
(b) a determination that a refugee protection claim has been withdrawn or abandoned;
(c) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded;
(d) subject to the regulations, a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if
(i) the foreign national who makes the claim came directly or indirectly to Canada from a country that is, on the day on which their claim is made, designated by regulations made under subsection 102(1) and that is a party to an agreement referred to in paragraph 102(2)(d), and
(ii) the claim — by virtue of regulations made under paragraph 102(1)(c) — is not ineligible under paragraph 101(1)(e) to be referred to the Refugee Protection Division;
(d.1) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting a claim for refugee protection made by a foreign national who is a national of a country that was, on the day on which the decision was made, a country designated under subsection 109.1(1);
(e) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister for a determination that refugee protection has ceased;
(f) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister to vacate a decision to allow a claim for refugee protection.

Making of appeal
(2.1) The appeal must be filed and perfected within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== No appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants ===
This provision is entitled &quot;restriction on appeals&quot; and provides that no appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants. Originally, the restriction on appeals was limited to individuals who withdraw their applications for protection or whose applications for protection are declared abandoned by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;Government of Canada, Canada Gazette, Vol. 148, No. 14 — July 2, 2014, SOR/2014-166 June 19, 2014, ''Regulations Amending the Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Amendment Consequential to the Economic Action Plan 2013 Act, No. 1),'' P.C. 2014-818 June 18, 2014, &lt;https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2014/2014-07-02/html/sor-dors166-eng.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the PCISA legislation then added the other categories above. 

=== 110(2)(c): No appeal may be made against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded ===
Section 110(2)(c) of the IRPA provides that no appeal may be made in respect of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded. In a case where there is both an exclusion and a no credible basis finding, the court has held that paragraph 110(2)(c) does not bar appeals to the RAD of the RPD’s exclusion decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 110(2)(d): No appeal may be made regarding claims by claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement ===
Subject to the regulations, no appeal may be made the RAD of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if  the conditions in s. 110(2)(d) are met. In effect, this bars access to an appeal before the RAD for claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court observes that &quot;the language of paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA is crystal clear and leaves little room for interpretation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has upheld the constitutionality of this provision. In ''Dor v. Canada'', it determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) does not have a “disproportionate” impact such that section 15 of the Charter would be engaged.&lt;ref&gt;''Dor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 892 (CanLII), at para 82, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkktj#par82&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Rodriguez v. Canada'', the court held that the applicant had not established that a refugee claimant’s choices with respect to his or her travel into Canada is a personal characteristic that is immutable or the basis of historical prejudices or stereotypes within the meaning of section 15.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kreishan v Canada,'' the Federal Court of Appeal determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA does not violate section 7 of the ''Charter''.&lt;ref&gt;''Kreishan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FCA 223 (CanLII), [2020] 2 FCR 299, at para 127, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j225k#par127&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure ==
&lt;pre&gt;Procedure
(3) Subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
The earlier version of this provision that was enacted with the IRPA, but never came into force, read:&lt;blockquote&gt;(3) The Refugee Appeal Division shall proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept written submissions from the Minister, the person who is the subject of the appeal, and a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 110, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec110&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== In the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from UNHCR ===
IRPA section 110(3) provides that in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the Refugee Appeal Division may accept documentary evidence from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. But see RAD Rule 45, which provides that the UNHCR's written submissions must not raise new issues: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 45: UNHCR providing written submissions in an appeal conducted by a three-member panel]].

The weight placed on such submissions should be consistent with Canada's obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Canada has an obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR and the IRPA should be construed and applied in a manner that facilitates and respects this obligation]].

=== The RAD must proceed without a hearing on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, subject to listed exceptions, but this provision does not restrict the RAD from posing questions or introducing new evidence ===
The Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, though, subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6) of IRPA s. 110, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal, and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from the UNHCR and any other person specified in the rules of the Board. 

When this provision was originally enacted in 2001, the provisions provided only for a paper-based appeal to the RAD. In 2012, the legislation was amended to also provide the added possibility of submitting new evidence or having an oral hearing in some limited circumstances. Furthermore, the original legislation from circa 2001 had provided that the Minister could only present written submissions. This provision was then modified in 2012 to allow the Minister to provide documentary evidence to the RAD as well.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 32, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par32&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; 

What is omitted from this rule is any mention of the power of the RAD itself to introduce new evidence. Nor is the RAD's ability to act ''suo moto'' considered in subsections (3.1) [time limit for making a decision], (4) [evidence that may be presented by the person who is the subject of the appeal], or (6) [when the RAD may hold a hearing]. The RAD's ability to put new evidence on the record, e.g. disclose an updated National Documentation Package to the parties, is governed by other provisions of the Act, especially s. 165 IRPA [Powers of a commissioner]: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/165 - Powers of a Member#Section 165 of the IRPA]]. There is no question that the RAD has such a power to introduce new evidence, indeed, the courts have stated that the RAD has an obligation to do so in some cases, e.g. in ''Zhang v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD should consider the most recent information, given that it is assessing risk on a forward looking basis, including an updated National Documentation Package released by the Board subsequent to a appeal being perfected.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1031 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkxkv#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'' states that the use of &lt;abbr&gt;NDPs&lt;/abbr&gt; does not preclude the disclosure of additional Country of Origin Information not contained in an &lt;abbr&gt;NDP&lt;/abbr&gt; by the Division or a party to a proceeding.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'', Effective date: June 5, 2019, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/national-documentation-packages.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Board's ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'' state that the RAD may decide to obtain information other than that provided in the RPD record and by the parties in the RAD proceedings.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'', Effective: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstRadSpr0516.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section D.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has spoken with approval of a RAD Member's ability to conduct their own research and to rely on that research, provided that they disclose it to the parties and give them an opportunity to respond.&lt;ref&gt;''Byarugaba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 833 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k539g#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-21.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The panel conducting research]]. 

Furthermore, the RAD has the jurisdiction to ask an appellant for additional explanations on inconsistent evidence which exists on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; It is not obligated to send a matter back to the RPD for redetermination simply because it seeks to explore a potential credibility issue which was not canvased prior but instead has the jurisdiction to seek additional testimonial evidence even where the testimony is not regarding new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]].

== IRPA Section 110(3.1): Time limit for making a decision ==
&lt;pre&gt;Time limits
(3.1) Unless a hearing is held under subsection (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must make a decision within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The time limits for making a decision are set out in the regulations ===
See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159.91 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(4)-(5): Evidence that may be presented ==
&lt;pre&gt;Evidence that may be presented
(4) On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that arose after the rejection of their claim or that was not reasonably available, or that the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented, at the time of the rejection.

Exception
(5) Subsection (4) does not apply in respect of evidence that is presented in response to evidence presented by the Minister.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== What is &quot;evidence&quot; and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities? ===
On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that meets the criteria stipulated above. This invites the question &quot;what is 'evidence' and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities?&quot;. For an exploration of this question, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rules 3(3)(e) and 3(3)(f): Legal authorities may be distinguished from evidence that an appellant wants to rely on]]. It is also notable that the phrase &quot;may present only evidence&quot; can be contrasted with s. 110(3) of the IRPA which refers only to &quot;documentary evidence&quot; (see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure]]), indicating that the intent of this clause is to cover both documentary and other types of evidence.

=== Section 110(4) applies to presenting additional evidence, not to whether evidence excluded by the RPD should in fact be included ===
Section 110(4) of the Act applies to the evidence that the person who is the subject of the appeal may present to the RAD. It does not concern evidence that was presented to the RPD but not accepted. Such evidence is distinct and covered by RAD Rule 3(3)(c) which concerns any documents that the Refugee Protection Division refused to accept as evidence, during or after the hearing, if the appellant wants to rely on the documents in the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#RAD Rule 3: Perfecting Appeal]].

=== Criteria for presenting new evidence ===
Subsection 110(4) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' limits the admission of new evidence on appeal to the following three circumstances: i) where the evidence arose after the rejection of the claim; ii) where the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim; or iii) where the evidence could not have reasonably been expected to be presented at the time of the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal has held that these statutory conditions “leave no room for discretion on the part of the RAD” and must “be narrowly interpreted”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Singh'', 2016 FCA 96 at paras 38-49.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so as “the role of the RAD is not to provide an opportunity to complete a deficient record submitted before the RPD”.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The onus is on the applicants to convince the RAD that their new evidence is admissible.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 54 at para 24.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The Federal Court of Appeal also comments that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 64, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par64&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has observed that &quot;in reading the subsection itself, one cannot say that the RAD is entirely without discretion in assessing the admissibility of new evidence within the confines of those three conditions themselves&quot; and that while &quot;the first two conditions, newness and reasonable availability, appear to be relatively objective and confer little, if any, discretion upon the RAD&quot;, &quot;the third condition, whether the applicant could have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time the RPD rejected the refugee claim, is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182 at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt;

According to ''Rule'' 3(3)(g)(iii) of the ''RAD Rules'', appellants must submit a memorandum that includes full and detailed submissions regarding how any documentary evidence they wish to rely on meets the requirements set out in subsection 110(4) of the ''Act''. A consideration of each of these grounds for admitting new evidence follows:

==== Statutory criteria for the admissibility of new evidence in IRPA s. 110(4) ====

===== i) Did the evidence arise after the rejection of the claim? =====
Considerations include:
* ''Is the appellant attempting to prove an event or circumstance that post-dates the RPD decision?'' The newness of a piece of evidence cannot be tested solely by the date on which the document was created.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;''Chirivi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1114 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gngzz#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; What is important is the date of the event or circumstance sought to be proved by the documentary evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; For example, in ''Zeinaly v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had reasonably refused to admit a counsellor’s letter, which, while dated after the RPD decision, only contained information that had existed at the time of the RPD hearing, thereby not being new.&lt;ref&gt;''Zeinaly v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 21 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k23w6#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, RAD Member L. Gamble concluded that a psychological report, while dated after the RPD hearing, related to long-standing medical issues that pre-dated the RPD hearing, for which she had been receiving treatment since prior to the RPD hearing, and as such the report was not attempting to prove a new circumstance that arose after the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2018 CanLII 96898 (CA IRB), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hvl2q#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Aboubakar v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had acted unreasonably in refusing to admit photos of the appellant at an LGBTQ+ event which post-dated the RPD decision, commenting &quot;the evidence of the applicant’s continued involvement with the LGBTQ+ community since the time of the RPD’s decision in this case is a new event&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, the applicant argued in that case, new evidence may be filed on appeal to corroborate an allegation that an appellant was seeking to advance at the RPD and it is entirely possible for a refugee protection claimant to file evidence on appeal of the continuity of political involvement or religious practice in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence simply establish the continuation of a pre-existing state?'' Evidence indicating that &quot;nothing has changed&quot; regarding pre-existing country conditions, for example the continued existence of domestic violence in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 126457 (CA IRB), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtpdr&gt;, para. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; or the continued detention of specific Members of Parliament in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''Zararsiz v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 692 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j89kx&gt;, para. 44.&lt;/ref&gt; has generally not been taken to meet the test of being evidence that &quot;arose after the rejection of the claim&quot; since it is not something that, properly speaking, arose (in the sense of something emerging or becoming apparent) at any particular time following the RPD's rejection of the claim. See, however, the court's conclusion in ''Chen v. Canada'' that a letter from a pastor contained new information when it confirmed that the appellant continued to be a member of the church a month after his RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Chen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzmfw#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there any date associated with the newly submitted evidence?'' On their own, undated photos provided without evidentiary context do not establish that an event occurred after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Dosunmu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2017 FC 188 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gxjt3#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the appellant attempting to correct a deficient RPD record?'' In ''Amin v. Canada'' the Federal Court upheld a RAD decision which concluded that donation receipts post-dating the RPD decision were inadmissible and that it was reasonably open to the RAD to reject them per s. 110(4) of the Act on the basis that the Applicants were improperly attempting to correct a deficient record given that (a) the RPD expressly rejected the Applicants’ claim due to a lack of sufficient evidence, such as evidence of donations or communications related to religious activity or membership; and (b) the donation receipt was dated only days after the RPD’s rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 192 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvfwz#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-14.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the more common approach is to assess this type of consideration under the credibility criterion in ''Singh v. Canada'' discussed below, not as part of the s. 110(4) criteria.

===== ii) Was the evidence not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim? =====
Applicants bear the burden of putting their best foot forward and they may not submit new evidence whenever they are surprised by an outcome.&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v Canada (MCI)'', 2016 FC 847 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''Did the appellant request leave to provide post-hearing submissions to the RPD?'' The courts have noted that nothing prevents a party from requesting an opportunity to provide post-hearing submissions, and where they did not do so at the RPD, this is relevant to this new evidence admissibility analysis.&lt;ref&gt;''Gabane v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 735 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp9gx#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2022-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Did the appellant indicate to the RPD that the document existed?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'' the RAD found that a document did not meet the s. 110(4) criteria as it concluded that the Appellant could reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have indicated to the RPD prior to the rejection that such evidence existed.&lt;ref&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant unaware that the evidence existed?'' In ''Samaraweera v. Canada'', the court held that it was necessary to consider the submission that the applicant’s family had deliberately concealed from the applicant the ongoing harassment and efforts to search for the applicant until after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Samaraweera, Chiranjeewa Malaka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-8499-22 and IMM-9763-22), Southcott, August 15, 2023; 2023 FC 1109.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the RPD reserve its decision, and if so how much time passed prior to it being rendered?'' When looking at the amount of time that elapsed between an RPD hearing and a panel of the RPD rendering a decision, to assess whether that duration was quick and meant that an applicant could not have reasonably submitted documents during that time period, the court in ''Aregbesola v. Canada'' noted that a 34-day timespan could not be considered &quot;quick&quot; in that case where country condition documents from the internet were at issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola,'' 2022 FC 820 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl53#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the appellant provide an explanation about how they were eventually able to obtain the documents?'' In a case where evidence pre-dated the RPD's decision, but the appellants maintain that they could not have reasonably presented the evidence sooner because of an inability to obtain help in securing the documents, the court held that &quot;it was reasonable for the RAD to expect some explanation about how the Applicants were eventually able to obtain the documents.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ali v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1166 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jr9w5#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Absent a proper explanation, the court held in ''Ali v. Canada'' that it was reasonable to conclude that the documents could have been obtained and provided to the RPD sooner. 
* ''Was obtaining the evidence not within the appellant's control and, if so, did the appellant make reasonable efforts to try to obtain it?'' In ''Fardusi v. Canada'', the court held that the fact that the information in question was in the hands of another person, the agent of persecution, until subsequently being served on the Appellant during a legal proceeding, was relevant to whether it was reasonably available to her.&lt;ref&gt;''Fardusi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1568 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt3cg#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-05.&lt;/ref&gt; It points to a conclusion that the evidence was not reasonably available to the appellant prior. In ''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada'', the Court found the RAD erred when it did not accept the affidavit of a friend and business partner of the agent of harm on the basis that it was reasonably available prior to the rejection. The affiant had explained that he did not provide the affidavit earlier because he did not want his friend and business associate to regard him as an enemy but when the claim was rejected, he realized the applicants’ lives were in danger and he changed his mind and came forward with the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1241, paragraphs 36–38 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Amani v. Canada'', the RAD reasonably concluded that a letter from the applicant's mother would have reasonably been available prior to the RPD rejection, notwithstanding that it can be very difficult for some SOGIESC claimants to obtain the assistance of their family members, because the Applicant’s mother has continued to support her, even by gathering other documents in support of her claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amani v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1535 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k7450#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant's counsel negligent in not providing the document?'' In ''Singh v. Canada'', the court considered it relevant that the failure to produce the document was the fault of the claimant's lawyer.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the evidence arise shortly before the RPD decision?'' In ''Ogundipe v Canada'', the Court concluded that the RAD should have accepted as new evidence an article that was published two days before the RPD decision and related to an event that occurred the day before the publication.&lt;ref&gt;''Ogundipe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 771 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsgjk&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;  However, in ''Parminder'' ''Singh v. Canada'', the court states that &quot;it does not follow from the reasons in ''Ogundipe'' that evidence pre-dating the RPD’s decision by a short period of time will necessarily meet the section 110(4) criteria in every case&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; and it upheld a RAD decision that refused to admit an article published four days before the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Parminder Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, in ''Collahua v. Canada'', the Court found ''Ogundipe v Canada'' distinguishable because that case concerned articles dated six weeks before the RPD’s decision; the court accepted that their refusal was reasonable.&lt;ref&gt;''Fernandez Collahua, Eder Christian v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9185-22), Southcott, July 31, 2023; 2023 FC 1045.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== iii) Was the evidence that which the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented at the time of the rejection? =====
Evidence is admissible on appeal where it was reasonably available prior to the RPD decision, but the person could not have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented it at the time of the rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence that is available earlier may not become relevant until later in the process in ways that the person may not initially expect. Where evidence could not have reasonably been expected to have been presented (or, according to the French version, “normally have been expected”&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt;) at the time of the rejection of the claim, it may be admitted on appeal. That said, an appellant cannot offer new evidence “every time he or she is surprised by the RPD’s decision.”&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 847 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp12#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-08.&lt;/ref&gt; As a general matter, an appeal to the RAD is not a second chance to submit evidence to respond to weaknesses identified by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02; ''Lemus Oliva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1429 (CanLII), at para 45, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsr3s#par45&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court observes that this condition for admitting new evidence &quot;is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182, at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''When did the issue arise?''
** ''Did the issue arise at the hearing or only in the RPD's reasons?'' If the issue arose at the hearing, then the question of the document's admissibility will generally turn on whether the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim (above), including whether the appellant could have requested an adjournment, informed the RPD that they were trying to obtain additional information, and requested leave to provide post-hearing submissions under the RPD rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Did the issue only arise after the perfection of the appeal, for example in a new issue notification?''
* ''Should the appellant have anticipated that the issue in question would have arisen?'' Even if the issue only arose in the decision, the RAD must consider whether the appellant should reasonably have anticipated that the issue would have come up.&lt;ref&gt;''Shafi v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 714 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1kx10#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In some cases, the answer will point to concluding that the person could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, in ''Ismailov v. Canada'' the court concluded that it was unreasonable for the RAD to conclude that the applicant should have reasonably been expected to submit articles to the RPD about the ability to leave Uzbekistan when one is being investigated by the prosecutor's office, as the applicant could not have anticipated that the RPD would be suspicious about this fact (the documents established that it was common that such persons could leave the country).&lt;ref&gt;''Ismailov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 967 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkrb5#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-09.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In other circumstances, the answer will point to concluding that the person could reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, the issue of IFA is one that claimants should always anticipate even if not identified before the RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola'', 2022 FC 820, paragraphs 9-14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Hassan v. Canada'', Mr. Hassan argued that he had not anticipated the RPD would reject an initial letter from a Canadian Somali association that he provided to support his claim&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; and that as a result he should be allowed to submit new letters from Canadian Somali associations affirming his identity as a Somali at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; The court upheld the RAD's determination that, notwithstanding the fact that identity was at the centre of the RAD decision (the claim was rejected on that basis), the affidavits that Mr. Hassan submitted to the RAD did not contain any information that arose after the RPD’s decision and so it was reasonable for the RAD to conclude that he had not provided a sufficient explanation for why the evidence could not have been presented before the RPD rendered its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Does the appellant's state of mind and awareness support a conclusion that they should reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence to the RPD?''
**''Was the appellant's psychological state such that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time of the rejection?'' RAD Member T. Cheung accepted that an appellant only came to understand the state of his mental health after the RPD decision, when his physician noted the symptoms of a condition and referred him to a specialist.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 125957 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/jswhk#par7&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, while the condition pre-dated the RPD decision, the evidence about it was not evidence which the person would reasonably have been expected to have presented before the RPD. Where there is evidence that a claimant's state of mind has had an impact on their behaviour, the RAD should consider not only whether this justifies admitting psychological evidence on point, but also whether their state of mind supports a conclusion that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented other evidence to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Barrera Cornejo c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration),'' 2024 CF 268 (CanLII), au para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2x69#par10&gt;, consulté le 2024-03-14.&lt;/ref&gt; See also the section below on personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status]].
**''Was the appellant self-represented before the RPD and were they aware of their ability to submit evidence post-hearing?'' The Board has a heightened duty of procedural fairness when dealing with self-represented claimants. The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; However, in ''Clarke v Canada'', the court concluded that the IAD had acted unfairly when it did not advise a self-represented applicant that she could file more material after the close of the hearing, as permitted under the IRB Rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Clarke v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 267, paras. 13 and 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RPD does not bring this to a self-represented claimant's attention, this may support a conclusion that information which came to the claimant's attention following their RPD hearing could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented to the RPD.

==== Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status ====
According to the IRB Gender Guidelines, the assessment of whether new evidence meets the admissibility test under subsection 110(4) of the IRPA and RAD Rule 29(4) should be undertaken using a trauma-informed approach that considers the difficulties faced by persons who have experienced gender-based violence.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​​​​​​​​​Effective date: July 18​​, 2022, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir04.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed September 17, 2022), at 11.8.3.&lt;/ref&gt; The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;''Mauricio Berrios v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 739 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jgzz4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-15.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 29: Documents or Written Submissions not Previously Provided]].

==== Additional Raza/Singh factors ====
In addition to the express statutory requirements in the statutory provision above, the RAD must ensure that the implied conditions of admissibility laid out by the Federal Court of Appeal are fulfilled, specifically credibility, relevance, newness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at paras 34-38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16&lt;/ref&gt; Some Federal Court decisions add the requirement that the evidence be &quot;material&quot; to the decision to this list,&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; but it is the view of this author that the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; This is discussed more below. 

The Federal Court of Appeal has commented that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case,&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; and it would appear that this comment applies to the following so-called “implicit” criteria in subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Nteta-Tshamala v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1191 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j2vf2#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; RAD decisions have held that, when interpreting these criteria, there is a &quot;low bar for admissibility&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 143642 (CA IRB), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j9brf#par15&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may admit new evidence that meets the “source and circumstance” credibility threshold and still give it little or no weight when assessing its credibility and probative value within the context of all the evidence in deciding the appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaguna v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 556 (CanLII); ''Tan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1204, paragraphs 35-36 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Haggar v. Canada'' the RAD admitted a document allegedly issued by Chad’s National Security Agency demanding the appellant's arrest, it held a hearing on &quot;how the Circular had been obtained, its authenticity, the reliability of the information it contains and its probative value in light of the documentary evidence&quot;, and in the end the RAD gave no weight to this new evidence, finding that it was a false document; the Federal Court then upheld this decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Haggar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq02#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-13.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The additional requirements from ''Canada v. Singh'' do not need to be weighed against the statutory ones; if the new evidence does not meet the statutory requirements for admission in s. 110(4), there is no need to consider the further constraints at common law.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; Conservely, the RAD is under no obligation to analyze the explicit criteria of subsection 110(4) of the IRPA before analyzing these implied conditions of ''Raza'' and ''Singh''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, evidence must meet all of the above criteria; for example, if evidence is not credible, relevance and newness are irrelevant and the RAD can reasonably focus its analysis on the issue of credibility if it is determinative.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; 

More information: 

===== &lt;u&gt;Newness&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence new in the sense that it is capable of: (a) proving the current state of affairs in the country of removal or an event that occurred or a circumstance that arose after the hearing in the RPD, or (b) proving a fact that was unknown to the refugee claimant at the time of the RPD hearing, or (c) contradicting a finding of fact by the RPD (including a credibility finding)? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration)'', 2023 CF 451, para. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In general, this newness factor under ''Singh'' is considered “redundant” and it is said that it “does not really add” to what is required under s. 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (MCI) v. Singh'', 2016 FCA 96, at para. 46; ''Dugarte de Lopez v. Canada (MCI)'', 2020 FC 707, at para. 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Documents that essentially repeat the same information that was before the RPD will fail this newness criterion.&lt;ref&gt;''Kabba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 117 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv4nm#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-28.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, evidence that refers to an old risk should not be rejected as “not new” where it speaks to the development of the risk and is materially different evidence of that old risk.&lt;ref&gt;''Jessamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 489 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/29msb#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== &lt;u&gt;Credibility&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence credible, considering its source and the circumstances in which it came into existence? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the credibility analysis at this stage is not limited to specific grounds such as the “source” or the “circumstances in which [the evidence] came into existence.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;''Marquez Obando, Luis Fernando v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-1843-20), McHaffie, March 31, 2022, 2022 FC 441.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Is there reasonably expected corroborating evidence?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the Appellant indicated that he tried to obtain a document earlier, but was unable to do so because the police station had burned down. The RAD rejected the document on the basis that, among other things, there was no corroborating evidence regarding the alleged fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there a sufficient explanation of the circumstances in which the document was obtained?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the the RAD rejected a document as not sufficiently credible given that there was no explanation given as to how and why the handwritten paper document was saved from an alleged police station fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; In ''Naggayi v. Canada'', the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered marriage document because its availability contradicted the appellant's prior testimony that she had been unable to obtain it because her husband had it.&lt;ref&gt;''Naggayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 216 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j54nm#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'', the RAD concluded that a letter ostensibly from the Nigerian police was not credible because it did not explain how or why the police would assist a known fugitive.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada,'' the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered identity document on the basis that he had indicated that the document had been previously surrendered the document to his government's authorities before they had issued him a replacement document ten years prior, concluding &quot;it is not credible that after surrendering his old birth certificate to the authorities in 2009, the Appellant was suddenly somehow able to retrieve this document ten years later to disclose for his appeal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the original document been provided or only a copy thereof?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD determination that the fact that all that was provided was a WhatsApp screen shot of the document – not the document itself – properly detracted from the document's credibility in the circumstances.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence include reasonably expected security features?'' The RAD may conclude that evidence is not credible where it lacks reasonably expected security features.&lt;ref&gt;''Popoola v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 6 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlzcs#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Kumar v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that newly tendered evidence was not credible based on a “significant difference” between the affiant’s signature on one of the new affidavits as compared to two affidavits sworn by the same affiant that had been before the RPD. In the former, the last letter of the signature looked like a “z”; in the latter, it looked like an “n”.&lt;ref&gt;''Kumar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 127 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2fnj&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-29.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Ali Khan v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that a letter lacked credibility because of a discrepancy between the signature on it and the signature on the author's attached driver's licence.&lt;ref&gt;''Ali Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 797 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4xjj#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the timing by which the document allegedly arose exceedingly fortuitous?'' The RAD can regard the timing of evidence as dubious or convenient in a way which undermines its credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi, Olufemi Jonathan v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-7110-21), Favel, April 5, 2023; 2023 FC 478.&lt;/ref&gt; Past RAD panels have concluded that the production of alleged police and court documents which notably escalate efforts to find the appellant, days after the rejection of his claim, is suspicious.&lt;ref&gt;''Meng v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 365 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ggttf#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-29.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Yusuf v. Canada,'' the court held that the RAD reasonably found an affidavit was too fortuitous to be credible because it was extremely unlikely that the affiant, who was meant to be the applicant’s reception upon arrival in Canada but did not appear at the airport and never communicated with the applicant in the subsequent three years, ran into the applicant by chance within weeks of the negative RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yusuf, Abdirashid Cabdi v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9107-21), Fuhrer, July 28, 2023; 2023 FC 1032.&lt;/ref&gt; Such concerns about documents being obtained in implausible circumstances can serve to rebut the presumption of authenticity of foreign documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Shakil Ali, Unknown v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2344-22), Sebastien Grammond, February 2, 2023; 2023 FC 156 &lt;/ref&gt; However, fortuitous timing alone may not always be a sufficient standalone ground on which to dismiss evidence, since, as the RAD has observed “it is, of course, not impossible that the events would occur during this time and timing alone [may] very well not be a basis to find the Appellant’s story and the new evidence supporting it to be lacking in credibility.”&lt;ref&gt;''Oladeji v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1183 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k01h1#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; This is especially the case where an alternative potential triggering event, besides the RPD reasons, is put forward.&lt;ref&gt;''Ly Dao v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1192 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k62tb#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the document consistent with other evidence on file?'' In ''Tuncdemir v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD reasonably came to the conclusion that an affidavit lacked credibility in light of the fact that the affidavit contradicted certain parts of the Applicant’s BoC narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Tuncdemir v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gt78c#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt; Internal inconsistency between the evidence and the testimony of an applicant can also give rise to a negative credibility finding.&lt;ref&gt;''Cooper v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2012 FC 118 at para 4.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Sachdeva v. Canada'', the court commented as follows regarding an affidavit that an appellant considered providing to the RAD: &quot;the affiant, a resident of India from the region where the Sachdeva family lived, said at the beginning of his affidavit that he has known Mr. Sachdeva for the 'last couple of years,' whereas Mr. Sachdeva and his family left India in October 2018, i.e. four years before the affidavit was signed… Needless to say, on its face, this evidence was not credible and had no probative value whatsoever.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Sachdeva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1522 (CanLII), at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k71jm#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-01.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Are there other credibility issues with the source of this new evidence?'' The rejection of a witness’s affidavit on grounds of credibility is a reasonable matter to consider as part of assessing the source of subsequent evidence from that witness.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; At times, several interrelated documents are submitted, and their credibility may be assessed together; for example, in ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'' the RAD found that a letter from a lawyer that discussed a new police letter was “coloured with the same relevance and credibility problems as the new letter from the police”.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Satpal Singh v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision which found that a medical note lacked credibility, bearing no date or reference number, found that the event the medical note was meant to corroborate likely did not occur, and then rejected that portion of the father’s affidavit relating to an alleged attack on the basis that it referred to the medical note that was found not to be credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1421 (CanLII), at paras 7, 8, and 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6qn6#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the appellant submitted other fraudulent documents?'' When considering the source of the evidence, the tribunal is entitled to consider that the RAD has upheld other serious credibility concerns that involve the applicant’s submission of fraudulent documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Bashirov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 823 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhgbf#par15&gt;; Subramanian v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 1082 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzktf#par19&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD must guard against engaging in circular reasoning by refusing to admit evidence because the content of the new evidence is not credible based on the RPD’s findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Pilashvili, Mamuka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-4408-20), Go, May 12, 2022; 2022 FC 706.&lt;/ref&gt; A general finding that a refugee claimant lacks credibility does not impugn all evidence that might corroborate their story.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 906 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkd85#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* For further context, see also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPA Section 170 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 170(h) - May receive and base a decision on evidence considered credible or trustworthy]].

===== &lt;u&gt;Relevance&lt;/u&gt; =====
In determining the relevance of the new evidence, the RAD is required to determine whether the evidence was “capable of proving or disproving a fact that is relevant to the claim for protection”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The RAD is required to assess relevance in the context of the applicants’ submissions and how the items are being relied upon&lt;ref&gt;''Brzezinski v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 936 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz4j9#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-25.&lt;/ref&gt; relative to the determinative issues that are outstanding for the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Marku v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 255 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmzng#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Does the appellant refer to the evidence in their arguments on appeal?'' RAD Member K. Qureshi concluded in one case that as a result of the appellants’ failure to make submissions, they were unable to discern a psychological report's relevance to the appeal: &quot;While the principal Appellant may very well suffer from psychological impairments, the Appellants have not explained how this impacts the claim; for example, on the ability to testify, or live in an IFA etc.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 121480 (CA IRB), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhsvx#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; The report was rejected on this basis.
* ''Does the evidence relate to the determinative issue on appeal or only another issue?'' In ''Kakar v. Canada'' the court upheld the RAD's refusal to admit new evidence on the basis that &quot;if the Mafia is not targeting Mr. Kakar, evidence concerning the situation of persons sought by the Mafia is simply irrelevant.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Kakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 153 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv8l9#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Asim v. Canada'' the court upheld a RAD decision which had rejected a doctor’s letter as not relevant because the letter did not provide any specific information on how the applicant’s condition could have affected his testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Asim v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 517 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnq4m#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the determinative issue was the claimant's credibility and the RAD properly rejected the letter as not relevant because it did not relate to the credibility findings of the RPD.

===== &lt;u&gt;Materiality&lt;/u&gt; =====
As noted above, some Federal Court decisions note that evidence must also be &quot;material&quot; to be admitted on appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18; ''Ifogah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1139 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc3bf#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In the view of this author, the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal in ''Singh v. Canada'' answered a certified question on point as follows: &quot;the requirement concerning the materiality of the new evidence must be assessed in the context of subsection 110(6), for the sole purpose of determining whether the RAD may hold a hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 74, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par74&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the extent to which different Federal Court justices have articulated that there is a materiality requirement for evidence admission at the RAD may call this interpretation of ''Singh v. Canada'' into question - this includes comments by Justice Bell,&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Ahmed,&lt;ref&gt;''Faysal v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 324 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfqkt#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Gascon,&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13; ''Mavangou v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 177 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hz70j#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Little,&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot; /&gt; and Justice Sadrehashemi.&lt;ref&gt;''Egenti v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 639 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxd96#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, some panels of the RAD appear to have taken this approach when concluding that it is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; If the materiality of evidence is a condition precedent for admitting it before the RAD, it is said that the RAD must take a “generous approach” to the notion of materiality.&lt;ref&gt;Khan v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2020 FC 438 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; In the Pre-Removal Risk Assessment context, the Federal Court of Appeal phrased the materiality question as follows: &quot;Is the evidence material, in the sense that the refugee claim probably would have succeeded if the evidence had been made available to the RPD? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; This approach is best not followed at the RAD; in the words of the Federal Court, the materiality test that the RAD applies is less rigid since the RAD has a broader mandate and can accept new evidence that, while not determinative, has an impact on the overall assessment of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
*''Should any weight be assigned to the evidence?'' The court has noted that it is impossible to conclude new evidence, once admitted, has no weight because, if the evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it would not have been admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-15; ''Wang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 200 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34jw#par52&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-28&lt;/ref&gt;
=== The RAD may refuse to accept new evidence that is not credible without holding a hearing or inviting additional submissions ===
In situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The Federal Court holds that the lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt; 

Furthermore, the credibility of newly submitted documents is generally not a new issue requiring notice. The court considered this question in ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' a case where the RAD based credibility findings about new evidence directly on the form and contents of the letter filed by the applicants themselves, and in a case where the applicant's credibility was already in question. In that case, the court held that procedural fairness did not require the RAD to provide the applicants with another opportunity, in addition to the one already provided for by ''RAD Rules'', to respond to questions about the credibility of the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing]].

=== The RAD may exclude evidence but then provide an alternative analysis of how the evidence would affect the decision if it had been admitted ===
It is open to a panel of the RAD to determine that evidence does not meet the criteria to be admitted, but to state that in the event that it has erred in concluding that the documents should not be admitted into evidence, it will, in the alternative, consider them.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 915 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxzb4#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-21.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Hashim v. Canada,'' the Court found even though documents did not constitute new evidence and that it had not accepted them on that basis, the decision's further analysis of those documents “was not intended to lessen this finding, but rather was conducted as a matter of completeness.”&lt;ref&gt;''Hashim, Ali v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-11290-22), Furlanetto, September 11, 2023; 2023 FC 1224.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may decline to consider whether or not new evidence is admissible if the new evidence would not change the outcome of the appeal ===
It is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 24189 (CA IRB), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j6264#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-24; ''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 152954 (CA IRB), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt4br#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-20; ''X (Re),'' 2023 CanLII 145561 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5q36#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-10.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may reject evidence, accept evidence, or accept evidence only in part ===
The RAD may accept only part of a particular document on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 124591 (CA IRB), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jqgs3#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-28.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Bhuiyan v. Canada'' the RAD acted properly where it accepted an affidavit from the appellant, but not the exhibits attached to the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 351 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3g0k#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt; Inadmissible evidence does not become admissible simply because it is commingled with, or bootstrapped onto, a document which is admissible. As such, for example, where an affidavit includes both admissible and inadmissible paragraphs a panel may admit some and reject others. 

=== The RAD may conclude that new evidence meets the threshold for admissibility, even if it is ultimately held to lack reliability and credibility ===
In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision in which the RAD found that the new evidence met the threshold for admissibility, but assigned it little weight on the basis that the letters lacked reliability and credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzn1k#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-11.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD would err if it admitted evidence, but then assigned it ''no weight'': the court has held that if evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it will not be admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(6): Hearings ==
&lt;pre&gt;Hearing
(6) The Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)
(a) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal;
(b) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim; and
(c) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing ===
The RAD Rules put the onus on applicants to inform the RAD why they are requesting an oral hearing and to provide “full and detailed submissions” supporting this request.&lt;ref&gt;''Sisay Teka v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2018 FC 314 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hr3pj#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, while the RAD rules allow an appellant to request a hearing, the IRPA does not actually impose a burden either to request, or to satisfy the RAD that the circumstances merit, an oral hearing.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The onus rests with the RAD to consider and apply the statutory criteria reasonably.&lt;ref&gt;''Horvath v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 CF 147 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hqbkx#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD's reasons should show how it conducted a meaningful analysis of the criteria in subsection 110(6) and determined whether or not to hold an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Tchangoue v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 334, paras. 17-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRPA provides that the Division is entitled to base its decision on evidence adduced in the proceedings that it considered credible or trustworthy; this is a statutory basis from the Division to determine that there is sufficient evidence in the record to decide an appeal without further testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Baleeyoos v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2024 FC 666 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4d5v#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-12.&lt;/ref&gt; See the statutory provision at: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/171 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 171(a.3)]]. 

While this is a discretionary provision,&lt;ref&gt;''Abdulai v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 173 (CanLII), at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmbdm#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; and oral hearings at the RAD are relatively unusual,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; a hearing must generally be held where these statutory requirements are met.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; While the RAD retains discretion to (not) hold a hearing under subsection 110(6), it will need to exercise that discretion reasonably in the circumstances.&lt;ref&gt;''Mofreh v Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship)'', 2019 FC 97 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has concluded that “an oral hearing will generally be required when the statutory criteria have been satisfied”.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhuo v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 911, para. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Not exercising that discretion to hold an oral hearing simply because neither party requested a hearing does not meet the threshold of reasonableness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;''Zhuo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 911 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkgfv#par11&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-15.&lt;/ref&gt; In Waldman's words, &quot;although the language in both the RAD and PRRA context is permissive rather than imperative, the jurisprudence in the PRRA context would appear to indicate that hearings may be a mandatory component of procedural fairness in cases where credibility is central to the decision. This principle was first established by the Supreme Court in ''Singh'' and has been integrated into the jurisprudence on the PRRA regime.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-228.3 (Section 9.553) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, there is no right to an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 46, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par46&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

Furthermore, in situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;''Rashid v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1569 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1f1t#par27&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Interpretation of the section 110(6) criteria ===
Section 110(6) of the IRPA provides that the Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3) that meets the following three-part conjunctive test. The presumption, according to this statutory provision, is that there will be no oral hearing unless all three criteria under the tripartite test in subsection 110(6) are met as well as the conditions under subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Ketchen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gphgd#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; This differs from the cognate provision for the PRRA context where there is divergent Federal Court caselaw about whether an applicant does not need to meet all the criteria under that section before an oral hearing is required&lt;ref&gt;''Hurtado Prieto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 253 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/28gxm#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; or whether all three criteria must be met for an oral hearing to be held.&lt;ref&gt;''Song v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 449 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq0d#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, this section of the IRPA is clear that all three subsections of 110(6) must be present for a hearing to be held with the phase &quot;à la fois&quot; that precedes the criteria in the French text (&quot;La section peut tenir une audience si elle estime qu’il existe des éléments de preuve documentaire visés au paragraphe (3) qui, à la fois...&quot;).

The criteria for determining whether to hold an oral hearing set out in subsection 110(6) of the IRPA “are unquestionably related to the materiality of the new documentary evidence”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1155 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzvjq#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt; The following subsection 110(6) criteria are said to be &quot;associated with the existence of new documentary evidence&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The section of the regulations on having a hearing in the PRRA context, that this paragraph is modelled on, is said to be &quot;an awkwardly worded section&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Tekie v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 27 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1jlvs#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== &lt;u&gt;(A) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal&lt;/u&gt; ====
When approaching this question, a panel can consider whether the new evidence will alter credibility findings or “justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the applicant”?&lt;ref&gt;''Gedara v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1023 (CanLII), at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jjf5q#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with the respect to the credibility of the ''person'' who is the subject of the appeal; a hearing should not be held merely to assess the credibility of the evidence itself if that evidence does not raise a serious issue with respect to the person's credibility. In the words of ''A.B. v. Canada'', the RAD is not required to hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of new evidence—it is when otherwise credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the general credibility of the applicant that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 61 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j50l4#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As Justice Norris has observed in the analogous PRRA context, while it can be difficult to draw a bright line, “doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ahmed v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 1207 at para 32.&lt;/ref&gt; This factor is composed of two elements: (i) the new evidence must raise a serious issue and (ii) this serious issue must be in respect of the credibility of the person. In approaching this question, a panel can consider the following questions:
* ''Does the new evidence raise a new serious credibility issue?'' 
** ''Does the new evidence justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and their narrative?'' The Federal Court of Appeal specifies that a hearing is only held where new evidence would justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and his or her narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FCA 96, paragraph 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Federal Court states that it is when credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the ''general credibility'' of the person that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 61, paragraph 17 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Is there already similar evidence in the record?'' Panels have generally considered whether there was already similar evidence in the record. If so, then the new, additional, evidence will generally not raise a serious issue with respect to credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Pestova v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1024 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/h4vbf#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05; See also: ''Ajaj v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 674, paragraph 22 (CanLII); ''Ikheloa v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1161, paragraph 29 (CanLII); ''Nteta–Tshamala v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1191, paragraph 30 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Is the serious issue raised by the new evidence in respect of the credibility of a person who is the subject of the appeal?'' 
** ''Do credibility questions emerge from the evidence, or only questions regarding the probative value and/or sufficiency of the evidence?'' Section 110(6) requires that, before a hearing can be held, new documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal. Doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334, paragraph 42 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD accepts the credibility of the person’s testimony, there is no issue raised as to his credibility, a precondition to holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 1783, paragraph 16 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD does not have credibility concerns as a result of the evidence, but rather concerns about the evidence's weight, the criteria of s. 110(6) will not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Adera v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 871 (CanLII), at para 57, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp11#par57&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, where the RAD does not raise any &quot;new&quot; serious issues with respect to the credibility of the applicant, but instead bases its decision on a lack of sufficient evidence to prove the applicant's claim (e.g. the applicant's identity), then a hearing is not available.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 172 (CanLII), at paras 63-65, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j51j4#par65&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** ''Does the new evidence call into question the credibility of an appellant or of third parties?'' In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court concluded that the RAD was not obligated to conduct an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the new evidence that had been offered, as the new evidence did not raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the appellants, but rather called into question the credibility of the third parties who authored the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), para. 32.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kanakarathinam v. Canada'', the Federal Court noted that a credibility finding against a third party (for example, the applicant's mother) does not trigger the right to an oral hearing as this does not go directly to the applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Kanakarathinam, Uthayasankar v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-764-21), McDonald, April 21, 2022; 2022 FC 577.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence from third parties recounting new incidents occurring in a home country while an appellant is in Canada will not necessarily impact on the appellant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; 

==== &lt;u&gt;(B) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Is the evidence central to the RPD's decision, or an aspect thereof?'' The court notes that this criterion requires not that the new evidence be &quot;central to the claim&quot; but instead &quot;central to the decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeme v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1243 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwk5b#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, evidence which is central to the claim but on a point that was not at issue in the decision or reasons, would not be &quot;central to the decision&quot;.
* ''Is the evidence central with respect to one of the elements that has or needs to be proven to receive refugee protection?'' This can be considered a materiality requirement; evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; An example of a situation that would meet this criterion, but not the next, is where a claim was rejected on the basis of identity and IFA. New evidence related to identity would be central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim, even if, if accepted, it would not, in itself, justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.

==== &lt;u&gt;(C) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Does the evidence relate to a determinative issue?'' In assessing this criterion, the RAD should look at the determinative issue(s) and whether the findings would be affected by the new evidence. See, for example, ''Idugboe v. Canada'': &quot;The evidence that was rejected on credibility grounds spoke to new instances of threats and attacks, none of which would have affected the determinative IFA issue. While the evidence arguably speaks to the motivation of Mr. Idugboe’s family to find the Idugboes on their return, the IFA determination was based on a variety of factors, including their means and ability to locate the Idugboes in Port Harcourt, none of which was affected by this newly tendered evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Do the documents raise a new issue that could justify granting protection?'' Where the new evidence that has been tendered raises a new issue that could justify granting protection, for example a ''sur place'' claim, then this will indicate that this criterion is met.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 674 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsct8#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Should the evidence be accorded sufficient weight such that it could justify allowing or rejecting the claim?'' When making this determination, it is proper to consider the weight of the evidence that has been tendered; where new evidence has been admitted, but has been assigned very little weight such that it is insufficient to overcome previous negative credibility findings, then this may properly indicate that the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in this subsection are thereby not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may decide that it is able to sufficiently consider the evidence and assess its probative value without holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 42, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par42&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; It may assign very little weight to the “new” evidence and find the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in the subsection have not been met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision that in a case where the appellant had not established his identity, and had submitted fraudulent evidence about his identity, newly accepted affidavits from two friends in Toronto did not justify holding an oral hearing because they did not justify allowing or rejecting the claim given that the evidence could not outweigh the other credibility concerns with the appellant's identity on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Applicability of PRRA jurisprudence ===
The factors listed in section 167 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations'' which govern when a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) officer will hold a hearing are nearly identical to those listed in subsection 110(6) of the Act.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court held in ''Shen v. Canada'' that the nearly identical factors appear to indicate Parliament’s intention that similar analyses should be applied in each case.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court went to to comment, &quot;the similarity of the provisions does not automatically lead to the conclusion that the Court’s jurisprudence under each provision is interchangeable&quot;.

=== Ability to conduct a ''voir dire'' to determine whether evidence will be admitted ===
The general practice of the RAD is to hold an oral hearing only after documentary evidence is already accepted as new evidence. An oral hearing in the nature of a ''voir dire'', where a hearing is held in order to determine whether the documentary evidence ought to be admitted into evidence, is not generally held at the RAD. 

As stated in ''Mohamed v. Canada'', there is no question that the RAD may only convene an oral hearing where evidence meets the criteria of s. 110(4) of the Act: &quot;subsection 110(6) permits the RAD to hold an oral hearing where, in its opinion, 'there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)' that meets the criteria in paragraphs (''a''), (''b''), and (''c''). The subsection thus only applies in circumstances where it determines there ''is'' evidence referred to in subsection 110(3). Such documentary evidence may only be filed by the person subject to the appeal if they establish it meets the requirements of subsection 110(4). In other words, the RAD must determine whether there is evidence that meets the requirements of subsection 110(4) before conducting the subsection 110(6) assessment of whether that evidence (a) raises a serious issue of credibility, (b) is central to the decision on the refugee protection claim, and (c) would justify allowing or rejecting the claim.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Mohamed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1145 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc40l#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 

A question arises, however, about whether evidence must in every case meet the ''Canada v. Singh'' criteria,&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; including being judged to be credible, prior to an oral hearing being held. Some panels of the RAD&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; and Federal Court&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 438, paragraph 35 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; have concluded that the answer is &quot;no&quot;. This is so for several reasons, including that the text of s. 110(6)(c) of the IRPA implies that the decision about whether to admit the evidence or not need not be made at the time of the oral hearing, as that criterion is to be evaluated &quot;à supposer qu’ils soient admis&quot;, i.e. &quot;supposing they [the new documents] are admitted&quot;, employing the subjunctive mood for the verb être, which implies uncertainty and indeterminacy. Furthermore, it could be argued that the &quot;if accepted&quot; wording in this provision applies to the facts contained in the new documents, not to the documents themselves. 

To this end, the Federal Court has held that in some circumstances, an oral hearing ought to be held to properly consider new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1182 (CanLII), at para 81, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hw9c9#par81&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-21.&lt;/ref&gt; But see the following statements: the Federal Court has stated that the RAD can only hold an oral hearing after it decides to admit new evidence: &quot;the RAD could not have held an oral hearing about whether to admit the new evidence—it had to have admitted the new evidence in order to have the statutory authority to hold an oral hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Homauoni v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1403 (CanLII), at paras 38-39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl9md#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Limones Munoz v. Canada'' the court commented that &quot;there must be a link between the documentary evidence admitted and the three elements listed in [section 110(6)]&quot;, indicating that the documentary evidence must have been admitted in order for a hearing to be convened.&lt;ref&gt;''Limones Munoz v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2020 FC 1051 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jbxx4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the Federal Court stated categorically in ''Hossain v. Canada'' that &quot;There is no statutory basis for the RAD convening an oral hearing to determine the admissibility of evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Hossain v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1255 (CanLII), at para 40, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k08wv#par40&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' the court held that &quot;the RAD can hold a hearing only if it has already determined that the new documents filed meet the criteria of subsection 110(4), including the credibility criterion.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Decision
111 (1) After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division shall make one of the following decisions:
(a) confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division;
(b) set aside the determination and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made; or
(c) refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate.
(1.1) [Repealed, 2012, c. 17, s. 37]

Referrals
(2) The Refugee Appeal Division may make the referral described in paragraph (1)(c) only if it is of the opinion that
(a) the decision of the Refugee Protection Division is wrong in law, in fact or in mixed law and fact; and
(b) it cannot make a decision under paragraph 111(1)(a) or (b) without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
s. 111(1.1) was previously titled &quot;Manifestly unfounded&quot; and stated &quot;(1.1) For greater certainty, if the Refugee Appeal Division does not set it aside, the Refugee Protection Division’s determination under section 107.1 is confirmed.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 111, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec111&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; This was repealed in 2012. 

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division ===
After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division. Such a determination may be justified where the RAD either determines that the RPD did not err or that any error does not justify overturning the decision. For example, panels of the RAD have relied on jurisprudence requiring an applicant to demonstrate that a breach of procedural fairness was material to the tribunal’s decision before setting aside or overturning the decision, so the mere fact of such a breach may not suffice to justify setting aside an RPD determination.&lt;ref&gt;''Roy v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2013 FC 768 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

The RAD may, as a matter of jurisdiction, substitute its own determination of the merits of the refugee claim on a basis that was not addressed by the RPD in its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; One line of jurisprudence holds that it is also not required to determine that the RPD erred before considering an alternate ground on which to uphold a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Okechukwu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1142 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gv8zj#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, another line of jurisprudence holds that when the RAD confirms the decision of the RPD on another basis, it must do so only after it determines the existence of an error in the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The first line of jurisprudence appears to be favoured for the following reasons:

* Such an interpretation of the RAD's jurisdiction is most consistent with its mandate to be &quot;decisive, fair and efficient&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* That interpretation is most consistent with the statutory language given that paragraphs 111(1)(a) and 111(1)(b) of the IRPA gave the RAD the power to confirm or substitute the “determination” of the RPD, and as such, it is not bound by the reasoning in the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* The restrictions on returning claims to the RPD for redetermination under subsection 111(2) of the IRPA suggests that Parliament’s intent was to have the RAD finalize refugee protection claims where it can do so fairly, including by confirming a determination on alternative grounds.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made ===
The RAD has the power to set aside a determination made by the RPD and substitute its determination that, in its opinion, should have been made. This has implications for when the RAD may raise new issues and what limitations exist on the RAD's ability to set aside the determination of the RPD. 

The RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]]. 

When substituting the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made, the RAD must identify what specific error the RPD made that justifies its intervention. One may look to s. 110 of the IRPA which provides that an appeal is to be on a question of law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact. The fact that the RAD is an appellate tribunal is relevant to the nature of the analysis that is expected in its reasons when it reverses a decision of the RPD that that Division had offered reasons for.&lt;ref&gt;''Tretsetsang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 175 (CanLII), [2017] 3 FCR 399, at para 58, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gs2j6#par58&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-01 (in dissent, but not on this point).&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court notes that &quot;the RAD’s role is not to carry out a ''de novo'' examination of the refugee claim that the RPD had to address&quot; and as such &quot;it is insufficient for the RAD to ask whether it would have reached a different conclusion had it been in the RPD’s position, without regard for any aspect of the RPD’s decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Gebrewold,'' 2018 FC 374 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrs2h#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-02.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the Federal Court held that &quot;it was insufficient, in my view, for the RAD to give the respondent the benefit of the doubt without stating how the RPD erred in not doing the same&quot;. As such, while Waldman argues that this provision allows the RAD to substitute its decision for that of the RPD, even if no new evidence has been submitted and no error has been identified in the RPD decision,&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-238.4 (Section 9.554) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; this should not be taken as licencing the RAD to act arbitrarily and intervene to overturn the RPD's finding without, for example, identifying why it is weighing the evidence differently and why the RPD was wrong to do otherwise. 

See also:

* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#IRPA Section 3(2)(e) - Fair and efficient procedures that maintain integrity and uphold human rights]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]]
=== IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances ===
When the RAD finds that the RPD erred, as per s. 111 of the Act it must provide a final determination by setting aside the decision and substituting its own determination of the merits of the claim, and “it is only when the RAD is of the opinion that it cannot provide such a final determination without hearing the oral evidence presented to the RPD that the matter can be referred back to the RPD for redetermination”.&lt;ref&gt;''Madu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 758 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl51#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

Thus, per IRPA s. 111(2), the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that (a) the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both, and (b) the RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD. This is a conjunctive test:&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;''Javed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 574 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jggb6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 111(2)(a) The RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both ====
The Court has found the RAD has no jurisdiction to refer a matter back to the RPD if the RAD does not identify the RPD’s error.&lt;ref&gt;Berhani, 2021 FC 1007.&lt;/ref&gt; Where, for example, the RAD does not articulate why the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law, or both, but simply notes that new evidence has been adduced on appeal, and that new evidence does not contradict any existing factual findings, then the RAD may not remit the case to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Denis,'' 2022 FC 552 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnrrk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-13.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Canada v. Hayat,'' the claimant stated to the RAD that his claim on the basis of sexual orientation at the RPD had been made up, that he was not gay, but that he wanted to present a different basis to claim related to political opinion. The RAD determined that the appellant should be given the benefit of the doubt and remitted the matter to the RPD for a new hearing. The court held that this had been unreasonable, as the RAD had not identified any error with the RPD's original decision finding that the Appellant's sexual orientation-based claim was not credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Hayat,'' 2022 FC 1772 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtp8q&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, the law did not permit the RAD to remit the matter to the RPD. See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]].

==== 111(2)(b) The RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD ====
The provision “acknowledges the fact that in some cases where oral testimony is critical or determinative in the opinion of the RAD, the RAD may not be in a position to confirm or substitute its own determination to that of the RPD”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Huruglica'', 2016 FCA 93, para. 69.&lt;/ref&gt; As stated in ''Malambu v. Canada'', a combined reading of sections 110 and 111 of the IRPA and of Rule 3 of the RAD Rules indicates that where no new evidence is submitted to the RAD, but the RAD is of the opinion that the RPD’s decision is wrong in law or fact or mixed law and fact, and that it can neither confirm nor set aside the decision appealed without itself holding a hearing to re-examine the evidence adduced, it must refer the matter back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gmlcg#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

A question can arise about how to interpret the legislative provision that the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a case back to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that it cannot make a decision without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division. The courts have articulated several approaches to interpreting this requirement:

* &lt;u&gt;Need to hear specific evidence:&lt;/u&gt; In some cases, the court has suggested the RAD can only refer a matter back only when there was oral evidence that was previously presented to the RPD that the RAD would need to hear in order to render a final decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuriddinova v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1093, paragraphs 37–38 (CanLII); ''Ye v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1025, paragraphs 40 and 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; This approach appears consistent with the plain English-language text of the statutory provision, which indicates that the RAD may only refer a matter back to the RPD where it was not able to make a decision &quot;without hearing ''evidence that was presented'' to the Refugee Protection Division [''emphasis added'']&quot;. 
* &lt;u&gt;Meaningful advantage standard:&lt;/u&gt; Under this line of caselaw, in order to meet the criteria set out in s. 111(2)(b), the RAD must conclude that the RPD had a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Javed v. Canada'', the court stated that in a case where the RAD &quot;concluded that the RPD did not have a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility,...it was not open to the RAD by operation of paragraph 111(2)(b), to refer the matter back to the RPD for re‑determination.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Not all decisions that turn on credibility necessitate returning a matter to the RPD in order to reach new findings; the RAD may reach its own assessment of credibility based on the evidentiary record before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 204 (CanLII), paragraph 7; ''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Alazar,'' 2021 FC 637, paragraphs 70-71 (CanLII)).&lt;/ref&gt; The converse can also hold: where the RPD did have a meaningful advantage regarding its credibility findings, then, as a general proposition, the RAD may not undertake a &quot;wholesale review and reversal&quot; of the RPD's credibility findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Purposive approach of remitting to hear additional evidence:&lt;/u&gt; A question can arise about whether this provision allows the RAD to refer a matter to the RPD where no evidence was canvassed at the RPD on a particular determinative issue. In ''Saghiri v. Canada'' the RPD had not canvassed the issue of 1F(b) exclusion at the hearing, the RAD held that this was in error, no new evidence was submitted on appeal, and the appellant submitted that the RAD could not remit the matter to the RPD for further examination pursuant to this provision the issue was not canvassed during the RPD's oral hearing''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;'' The Minister's position is that a purposive interpretation of paragraph 111(2)(b) of ''IRPA'' “allows the RAD to remit a refugee claim for further evidence because otherwise restricting the evidence on the RPD’s redetermination would bring about an absurd consequence”, since the RAD can only confirm, substitute or return a decision under section 111(1) of ''IRPA''. If the RAD needs more evidence, but cannot refer a claim to the RPD, then the RAD would be “hamstrung”.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par52&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The court acknowledges that when looking at its particular wording, paragraph 111(2)(b) is “awkwardly written” in both English and French.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; ''Saghiri v. Canada'' upheld a RAD decision to remit a matter so that the RPD could ask questions on an additional issue as follows: &quot;There was no or insufficient evidence before the RPD on the issue of exclusion which it could have heard that would have allowed it to confirm or substitute its own determination of the issue. Thus the only remedy was to send it back to the RPD for all of the evidence relating to the claim to be heard again in order to make an informed decision on the question of exclusion.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 55, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par55&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-03.&lt;/ref&gt; This is arguably consistent with the French-language provision, which speaks to being able to refer a matter to the RPD for re-determination if the RAD cannot make a decision without holding a new hearing in order to ''réexamen'' (which has been translated as re-examine,&lt;ref&gt;''Patent Act,'' RSC 1985, c P-4, s 48.1, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vkn#sec48.1&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; reconsider,&lt;ref&gt;''Reconsideration Notice and Process - Exceptional Disclosure of Non-Conviction Information,'' O Reg 348/18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/53gtv&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; review,&lt;ref&gt;''Review Panel Regulation,'' YOIC 2020/97, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/54bwk&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; or reappraise) the evidence that was presented to the RPD: &quot;''qu’elle ne peut confirmer la décision attaquée ou casser la décision et y substituer la décision qui aurait dû être rendue sans tenir une nouvelle audience en vue du réexamen des éléments de preuve qui ont été présentés à la Section de la protection des réfugiés.''&quot; The French text would appear to permit remitting a matter where the written evidence needs to be re-examined through additional oral questions. Similarly, in cases where procedural fairness was breached at the RPD and an issue was not adequately canvased or put to the claimant, the RAD may be obliged to return the matter to the RPD where it cannot remedy the procedural fairness breach on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdelrahman v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 527 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jg6tv#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-17.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

As a general proposition, even where an applicant establishes that the necessary conditions exist, the RAD retains a discretion about whether to refer a matter back to the RPD. It is under no obligation to do so.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; This discretion stems from the use of the word &quot;may&quot; in s. 111(2) (&quot;may make the referral&quot;) as opposed to an imperative wording such as &quot;shall&quot;. Furthermore, considered broadly, section 111 of the IRPA is said to evidence Parliament's intent that the RAD bring finality to the refugee claims determination process where possible.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93, paragraph 58 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; However, as the Federal Court of Appeal held in ''Singh v. Canada'', where the RAD finds that all of the evidence should be heard again in order to make an informed decision, it must refer the case back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

Once a matter is remitted, it is to follow the process set out in the IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division''.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The record on a RAD-ordered redetermination]].

=== IRPA 111(1)(c): the Refugee Appeal Division may give the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate when referring a matter for re-determination ===
Section 111(1)(c) of the IRPA provides that after considering an appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the Refugee Protection Division for redetermination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate. In appropriate circumstances, a decision-maker may fashion a creative remedy in order to prevent a potential injustice.&lt;ref&gt;''Kolawole v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1384 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0wrg#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt; However, directions ought not to unduly tread into responsibilities given to the other Division by Parliament under the IRPA''.''&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division'' provides that where the RAD has determined that there was a denial of natural justice in the original hearing and provides specific directions, the RPD will comply with those directions.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022), at 5.2.&lt;/ref&gt;  

There are any number of such directions that can be provided, including that:  

* &lt;u&gt;Same panel:&lt;/u&gt; The matter is to be heard by the same RPD panel as initially heard the claim, if at all possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2013 CanLII 76391 (CA IRB), at para 66, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/g23dh#par66&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Accept past findings:&lt;/u&gt; In hearing and deciding the claim, the RPD is to consider only specific evidence that relates to the reasons why the matter is being remitted and the panel is to accept the findings of the first RPD panel unless those findings are disturbed by the new evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Similarly, when remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that &quot;Given that the previous PRRA officer accepted the Applicant’s evidence in relation to his involvement in the BNP, this aspect of his profile—namely his previous role as a “root level leader” of the BNP—need not be reconsidered unless there are new reasons to doubt its veracity.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 678 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4f3s&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Priority scheduling:&lt;/u&gt; An order may be made that there be priority scheduling for the remitted matter.&lt;ref&gt;''Abeleira v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2017 FC 1008.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may also set a deadline to re-examine the file.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 7156 (CA IRB), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hxc71#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has also ordered that a redetermination of a matter be completed and a decision issued within a specified timeframe, for example no later than 60 days from the date of the court's decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Consider proceeding in writing:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that a re-hearing may not be necessary as the parties may be able to address the limited issue on redetermination in writing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Choudhry,'' 2023 FC 1536 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1sg4#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-20.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Make a particular finding:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting a matter from judicial review, in ''Singh v. Canada,'' the Federal Court ordered that the Board member dismiss the claim on the exclusion ground for the reasons already provided.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt; 
Where the Federal Court provides directions, and those directions cannot be complied with, then parties may seek further direction from the court.&lt;ref&gt;''Rogelyn Cuyugan CABIGAS v. MPSEP'' (F.C., no. IMM-1475-22), Gleeson, April 12, 2023, 2023 FC 517.&lt;/ref&gt; This author is unaware of any analogous precedents regarding RAD directions.

== References ==
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      <text bytes="132767" sha1="clw2eegp1e25809fo3q2mqv05xtf256" xml:space="preserve">== IRPA Sections 110-111: Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division ==
Sections 110 and 111 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' read:&lt;pre&gt;Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division

Appeal
110 (1) Subject to subsections (1.1) and (2), a person or the Minister may appeal, in accordance with the rules of the Board, on a question of law, of fact or of mixed law and fact, to the Refugee Appeal Division against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division to allow or reject the person’s claim for refugee protection.

Notice of appeal
110(1.1) The Minister may satisfy any requirement respecting the manner in which an appeal is filed and perfected by submitting a notice of appeal and any supporting documents.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD ===
As per s. 110(1) of the IRPA, the jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD. The RAD is to apply the correctness standard of review to determine whether the RPD erred.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 157, at para 106, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp2gp#par106&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-15.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD reviews the RPD’s decisions for correctness” and “no deference is shown to the original decision maker”. Instead, the RAD “conducts its own analysis of the question” and “must determine whether it agrees with the answer given by the decision maker; if not, it will substitute its own view and provide the correct answer”. Therefore, the RAD “is ultimately empowered to come to its own conclusions on the question”. Importantly “this can entail reweighing the evidence that was before the RPD, either in and of itself or in light of new evidence admitted on the appeal. The RAD is not required to defer to the RPD’s findings, including factual ones”.&lt;ref&gt;''Marinaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 548 (CanLII) at para 45.&lt;/ref&gt;

However, the court recognizes that there there may be cases where the RPD enjoyed a meaningful advantage over the RAD in making findings of fact or mixed fact and law. Although the RAD should sometimes exercise a degree of restraint before substituting its own determination, the issue of whether the circumstances warrant such restraint ought to be addressed on a case-by-case basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Huruglica,'' 2016 FCA 93 (CanLII), para. 70.&lt;/ref&gt; The record before the RAD should, in most cases, fully disclose the information on which the RPD based its findings and permit the RAD to review them on a correctness basis.&lt;ref&gt;''Rozas del Solar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1145 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; If, however, the RPD makes credibility findings based on information to which the RAD would not have access to on appeal, the RPD may enjoy a meaningful advantage warranting deference from the RAD.

The RAD may then set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made]].

The fact that the RAD may hear appeals on questions of fact and mixed law and fact indicates that the RAD has jurisdiction as a trier of fact, which includes determinations of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Keqaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 563, paragraph 14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt; The RAD should show that it has carried out this task through the analysis that it provides in its reasons.&lt;ref&gt;''Aliasgari v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1338 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6hss#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt; However, decision-makers are not required to refer to every piece of evidence or address every argument:&lt;ref&gt;''Akhagbemhe, Loretha Olere v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2630-23), Gleeson, February 26, 2024; 2024 FC 313.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#Decisions may focus on the determinative issue]]. That said, a failure by the RPD to provide adequate reasons may be a ground for the RAD to grant an appeal of a RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Albadrawsawi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1207 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k638z#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

The RAD is to proceed on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, unless admissible new evidence is accepted onto the record. This has implications for the jurisdiction of the RAD to hear and consider new issues. Where a claim could have been presented to the RPD, but was not, and statements in support of that aspect of the claim are not admissible on appeal as new evidence, then the RAD need not assess that aspect of the appellant's allegations. For example, in ''Vasli v. Canada'', the RAD found that a claim based upon wearing the hijab could have been raised before the RPD and so it could not be raised for the first time at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Vasli v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 77 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv0qx#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-26.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so because, while “the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence, absent new evidence on an issue, it cannot consider a new argument, developed for the ﬁrst time on appeal.”&lt;ref&gt;''Ganiyu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 296 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmswk#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances]].

The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 3(3)(g)(i): The appellant's record must contain a memorandum with submissions regarding the errors that are the grounds of the appeal]]. A corollary of the obligation to identify such errors is that, subject to some exceptions discussed at the link above, an applicant cannot reasonably fault the RAD for not going beyond the grounds of appeal or for not providing extensive reasons regarding matters that the applicant did not challenge.&lt;ref&gt;''Shalaiev, Dmytro'' ''v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-6383-20), Roussel, April 1, 2022; 2022 FC 457.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The Board's inquisitorial mandate#A claimant has an onus to show that they meet the criteria to be recognized as a refugee]].

=== The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal submissions ===
The RAD is obliged to conduct an independent review of the case, focusing on the errors identified by the appellant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;''Fatime v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 594 at para 19.&lt;/ref&gt; As part of this, the RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;''Aghedo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 450 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfx80#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD is not bound by the findings of the RPD on appeal, and it remains open to the RAD to render new or different substantive findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 291 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k30f8#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD is to conduct its own independent review of the file, including on issues of credibility, without holding a new oral hearing]]. 

Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. At the common law, appellate courts ordinarily have a limited discretion to raise new issues. As the Supreme Court of Canada recognized in ''R. v. Mian'', while appellate courts have the discretion to raise new issues, this power should be used sparingly and “only in rare circumstances”. It further explained that a new issue should only be raised “when failing to do so would risk an injustice”, “whether there is a sufficient record on which to raise the issue”, and where it would not result in “procedural prejudice to any party”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Ewen,'' 2023 FCA 225 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k165v#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-11-20.&lt;/ref&gt; These criteria arguably need not constrain the RAD, a specialized tribunal distinct from a court. The Federal Court notes that the strict application of the concepts from ''R. v. Mian'' to the RPD/RAD context is not binding.&lt;ref&gt;''Nmashie v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 437 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jwf7t#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-21.&lt;/ref&gt; It may be argued that section 111 of the IRPA signals that the standard from ''R. v. Mian'' is not the one that should apply to the RAD and that the RAD has broad discretion to bring finality to a claim consistent with its obligation to proceed quickly and informally: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously|Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals]] and [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]. The court holds that &quot;upon a plain reading of the legislation&quot;, the RAD is clothed with the jurisdiction to raise and decide an issue such as the availability of an Internal Flight Alternative, even if neither party has raised it, provided that it notifies the parties and gives them an opportunity to present submissions on the new issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the Federal Court has at times had recourse to the criteria from ''R. v. Mian'' when interpreting the RAD's jurisdiction, for example with Justice Kane of the Federal Court finding that the RAD may only raise a new issue &quot;if failing to raise the new issue would risk injustice&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Ching v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 725 at para 71, 255 ACWS (3d) 805.&lt;/ref&gt; For a discussion of what constitutes a new issue, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#What is a new issue requiring notice?]].

Some earlier Federal Court caselaw held that the RAD lacked jurisdiction to independently decide issues that had not been decided by the RPD, for example a ''sur place'' claim. That caselaw held that if the RAD felt that such an issue ought to have been decided, the RAD should refer that part of the claim back to the RPD for a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Jianzhu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 551 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ghfbz#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, those decisions have been distinguished on the basis that they have been supplanted by the subsequent Federal Court of Appeal case ''Huruglica v Canada''&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; and the cases have been read as standing for the proposition that &quot;the RAD may not raise a new issue not determined by the RPD without providing further notice to the appellant,&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ojarikre v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 896 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkfd9#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; not as a wholesale want of RAD jurisdiction requiring a remittal to the RPD. See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rule 7 provides that the Division may, without further notice, decide the appeal, but further notice is required if the appeal is decided on a new ground]].

This said, the Federal Court, in ''Sarker v. Canada'', cautions against a “wholesale review and reversal” of the RPD’s credibility findings without an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367''.'' &lt;/ref&gt; However, it is well established that the RAD may make new credibility assessments without an oral hearing on the basis of the evidence before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Siddiqui v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1028, paragraph 10 (CanLII) relying on ''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763, paragraph 38 (CanLII). &lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(2): Restrictions on appeals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Restriction on appeals
(2) No appeal may be made in respect of any of the following:
(a) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting the claim for refugee protection of a designated foreign national;
(b) a determination that a refugee protection claim has been withdrawn or abandoned;
(c) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded;
(d) subject to the regulations, a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if
(i) the foreign national who makes the claim came directly or indirectly to Canada from a country that is, on the day on which their claim is made, designated by regulations made under subsection 102(1) and that is a party to an agreement referred to in paragraph 102(2)(d), and
(ii) the claim — by virtue of regulations made under paragraph 102(1)(c) — is not ineligible under paragraph 101(1)(e) to be referred to the Refugee Protection Division;
(d.1) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting a claim for refugee protection made by a foreign national who is a national of a country that was, on the day on which the decision was made, a country designated under subsection 109.1(1);
(e) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister for a determination that refugee protection has ceased;
(f) a decision of the Refugee Protection Division allowing or rejecting an application by the Minister to vacate a decision to allow a claim for refugee protection.

Making of appeal
(2.1) The appeal must be filed and perfected within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== No appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants ===
This provision is entitled &quot;restriction on appeals&quot; and provides that no appeal may be made to the RAD in respect of any of the listed categories of refugee claimants. Originally, the restriction on appeals was limited to individuals who withdraw their applications for protection or whose applications for protection are declared abandoned by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;Government of Canada, Canada Gazette, Vol. 148, No. 14 — July 2, 2014, SOR/2014-166 June 19, 2014, ''Regulations Amending the Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Amendment Consequential to the Economic Action Plan 2013 Act, No. 1),'' P.C. 2014-818 June 18, 2014, &lt;https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2014/2014-07-02/html/sor-dors166-eng.html&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the PCISA legislation then added the other categories above. 

=== 110(2)(c): No appeal may be made against a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded ===
Section 110(2)(c) of the IRPA provides that no appeal may be made in respect of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division rejecting a claim for refugee protection that states that the claim has no credible basis or is manifestly unfounded. In a case where there is both an exclusion and a no credible basis finding, the court has held that paragraph 110(2)(c) does not bar appeals to the RAD of the RPD’s exclusion decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 110(2)(d): No appeal may be made regarding claims by claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement ===
Subject to the regulations, no appeal may be made the RAD of a decision of the Refugee Protection Division in respect of a claim for refugee protection if  the conditions in s. 110(2)(d) are met. In effect, this bars access to an appeal before the RAD for claimants who are allowed to make a refugee claim pursuant to an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court observes that &quot;the language of paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA is crystal clear and leaves little room for interpretation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has upheld the constitutionality of this provision. In ''Dor v. Canada'', it determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) does not have a “disproportionate” impact such that section 15 of the Charter would be engaged.&lt;ref&gt;''Dor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 892 (CanLII), at para 82, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkktj#par82&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Rodriguez v. Canada'', the court held that the applicant had not established that a refugee claimant’s choices with respect to his or her travel into Canada is a personal characteristic that is immutable or the basis of historical prejudices or stereotypes within the meaning of section 15.&lt;ref&gt;''Medina Rodriguez v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 401 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3b91#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kreishan v Canada,'' the Federal Court of Appeal determined that paragraph 110(2)(d) of the IRPA does not violate section 7 of the ''Charter''.&lt;ref&gt;''Kreishan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FCA 223 (CanLII), [2020] 2 FCR 299, at para 127, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j225k#par127&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure ==
&lt;pre&gt;Procedure
(3) Subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
The earlier version of this provision that was enacted with the IRPA, but never came into force, read:&lt;blockquote&gt;(3) The Refugee Appeal Division shall proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, and may accept written submissions from the Minister, the person who is the subject of the appeal, and a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, and any other person described in the rules of the Board.&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 110, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec110&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== In the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from UNHCR ===
IRPA section 110(3) provides that in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, the Refugee Appeal Division may accept documentary evidence from a representative or agent of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. But see RAD Rule 45, which provides that the UNHCR's written submissions must not raise new issues: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 45: UNHCR providing written submissions in an appeal conducted by a three-member panel]].

The weight placed on such submissions should be consistent with Canada's obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#Canada has an obligation to cooperate with the UNHCR and the IRPA should be construed and applied in a manner that facilitates and respects this obligation]].

=== The RAD must proceed without a hearing on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the RPD, subject to listed exceptions, but this provision does not restrict the RAD from posing questions or introducing new evidence ===
The Refugee Appeal Division must proceed without a hearing, on the basis of the record of the proceedings of the Refugee Protection Division, though, subject to subsections (3.1), (4) and (6) of IRPA s. 110, the RAD may accept documentary evidence and written submissions from the Minister and the person who is the subject of the appeal, and, in the case of a matter that is conducted before a panel of three members, written submissions from the UNHCR and any other person specified in the rules of the Board. 

When this provision was originally enacted in 2001, the provisions provided only for a paper-based appeal to the RAD. In 2012, the legislation was amended to also provide the added possibility of submitting new evidence or having an oral hearing in some limited circumstances. Furthermore, the original legislation from circa 2001 had provided that the Minister could only present written submissions. This provision was then modified in 2012 to allow the Minister to provide documentary evidence to the RAD as well.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 32, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par32&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; 

What is omitted from this rule is any mention of the power of the RAD itself to introduce new evidence. Nor is the RAD's ability to act ''suo moto'' considered in subsections (3.1) [time limit for making a decision], (4) [evidence that may be presented by the person who is the subject of the appeal], or (6) [when the RAD may hold a hearing]. The RAD's ability to put new evidence on the record, e.g. disclose an updated National Documentation Package to the parties, is governed by other provisions of the Act, especially s. 165 IRPA [Powers of a commissioner]: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/165 - Powers of a Member#Section 165 of the IRPA]]. There is no question that the RAD has such a power to introduce new evidence, indeed, the courts have stated that the RAD has an obligation to do so in some cases, e.g. in ''Zhang v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD should consider the most recent information, given that it is assessing risk on a forward looking basis, including an updated National Documentation Package released by the Board subsequent to a appeal being perfected.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1031 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkxkv#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'' states that the use of &lt;abbr&gt;NDPs&lt;/abbr&gt; does not preclude the disclosure of additional Country of Origin Information not contained in an &lt;abbr&gt;NDP&lt;/abbr&gt; by the Division or a party to a proceeding.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on National Documentation Packages in Refugee Determination Proceedings'', Effective date: June 5, 2019, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/national-documentation-packages.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section 6.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Board's ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'' state that the RAD may decide to obtain information other than that provided in the RPD record and by the parties in the RAD proceedings.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Instructions for Gathering and Disclosing Information for Refugee Appeal Division Proceedings'', Effective: May 30, 2016, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/InstRadSpr0516.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 2, 2023), section D.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has spoken with approval of a RAD Member's ability to conduct their own research and to rely on that research, provided that they disclose it to the parties and give them an opportunity to respond.&lt;ref&gt;''Byarugaba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 833 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k539g#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-21.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The panel conducting research]]. 

Furthermore, the RAD has the jurisdiction to ask an appellant for additional explanations on inconsistent evidence which exists on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; It is not obligated to send a matter back to the RPD for redetermination simply because it seeks to explore a potential credibility issue which was not canvased prior but instead has the jurisdiction to seek additional testimonial evidence even where the testimony is not regarding new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Islam v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 320 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34kj#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-30.&lt;/ref&gt; See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]].

== IRPA Section 110(3.1): Time limit for making a decision ==
&lt;pre&gt;Time limits
(3.1) Unless a hearing is held under subsection (6), the Refugee Appeal Division must make a decision within the time limits set out in the regulations.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The time limits for making a decision are set out in the regulations ===
See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPR s. 159.91 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division]].

== IRPA Section 110(4)-(5): Evidence that may be presented ==
&lt;pre&gt;Evidence that may be presented
(4) On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that arose after the rejection of their claim or that was not reasonably available, or that the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented, at the time of the rejection.

Exception
(5) Subsection (4) does not apply in respect of evidence that is presented in response to evidence presented by the Minister.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== What is &quot;evidence&quot; and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities? ===
On appeal, the person who is the subject of the appeal may present only evidence that meets the criteria stipulated above. This invites the question &quot;what is 'evidence' and how is evidence distinct from other types of documents such as legal authorities?&quot;. For an exploration of this question, see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#Rules 3(3)(e) and 3(3)(f): Legal authorities may be distinguished from evidence that an appellant wants to rely on]]. It is also notable that the phrase &quot;may present only evidence&quot; can be contrasted with s. 110(3) of the IRPA which refers only to &quot;documentary evidence&quot; (see: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#IRPA Section 110(3): Procedure]]), indicating that the intent of this clause is to cover both documentary and other types of evidence.

=== Section 110(4) applies to presenting additional evidence, not to whether evidence excluded by the RPD should in fact be included ===
Section 110(4) of the Act applies to the evidence that the person who is the subject of the appeal may present to the RAD. It does not concern evidence that was presented to the RPD but not accepted. Such evidence is distinct and covered by RAD Rule 3(3)(c) which concerns any documents that the Refugee Protection Division refused to accept as evidence, during or after the hearing, if the appellant wants to rely on the documents in the appeal: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 1 - Rules Applicable to Appeals Made by a Person Who Is the Subject of an Appeal#RAD Rule 3: Perfecting Appeal]].

=== Criteria for presenting new evidence ===
Subsection 110(4) of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' limits the admission of new evidence on appeal to the following three circumstances: i) where the evidence arose after the rejection of the claim; ii) where the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim; or iii) where the evidence could not have reasonably been expected to be presented at the time of the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal has held that these statutory conditions “leave no room for discretion on the part of the RAD” and must “be narrowly interpreted”.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Singh'', 2016 FCA 96 at paras 38-49.&lt;/ref&gt; This is so as “the role of the RAD is not to provide an opportunity to complete a deficient record submitted before the RPD”.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The onus is on the applicants to convince the RAD that their new evidence is admissible.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 54 at para 24.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The Federal Court of Appeal also comments that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 64, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par64&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has observed that &quot;in reading the subsection itself, one cannot say that the RAD is entirely without discretion in assessing the admissibility of new evidence within the confines of those three conditions themselves&quot; and that while &quot;the first two conditions, newness and reasonable availability, appear to be relatively objective and confer little, if any, discretion upon the RAD&quot;, &quot;the third condition, whether the applicant could have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time the RPD rejected the refugee claim, is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182 at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt;

According to ''Rule'' 3(3)(g)(iii) of the ''RAD Rules'', appellants must submit a memorandum that includes full and detailed submissions regarding how any documentary evidence they wish to rely on meets the requirements set out in subsection 110(4) of the ''Act''. A consideration of each of these grounds for admitting new evidence follows:

==== Statutory criteria for the admissibility of new evidence in IRPA s. 110(4) ====

===== i) Did the evidence arise after the rejection of the claim? =====
Considerations include:
* ''Is the appellant attempting to prove an event or circumstance that post-dates the RPD decision?'' The newness of a piece of evidence cannot be tested solely by the date on which the document was created.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;''Chirivi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1114 (CanLII), at para 39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gngzz#par39&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; What is important is the date of the event or circumstance sought to be proved by the documentary evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt; For example, in ''Zeinaly v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had reasonably refused to admit a counsellor’s letter, which, while dated after the RPD decision, only contained information that had existed at the time of the RPD hearing, thereby not being new.&lt;ref&gt;''Zeinaly v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 21 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k23w6#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-09.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, RAD Member L. Gamble concluded that a psychological report, while dated after the RPD hearing, related to long-standing medical issues that pre-dated the RPD hearing, for which she had been receiving treatment since prior to the RPD hearing, and as such the report was not attempting to prove a new circumstance that arose after the rejection of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2018 CanLII 96898 (CA IRB), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hvl2q#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Aboubakar v. Canada'' the Federal Court concluded that the RAD had acted unreasonably in refusing to admit photos of the appellant at an LGBTQ+ event which post-dated the RPD decision, commenting &quot;the evidence of the applicant’s continued involvement with the LGBTQ+ community since the time of the RPD’s decision in this case is a new event&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, the applicant argued in that case, new evidence may be filed on appeal to corroborate an allegation that an appellant was seeking to advance at the RPD and it is entirely possible for a refugee protection claimant to file evidence on appeal of the continuity of political involvement or religious practice in Canada.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 451 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k03c7#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-30.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence simply establish the continuation of a pre-existing state?'' Evidence indicating that &quot;nothing has changed&quot; regarding pre-existing country conditions, for example the continued existence of domestic violence in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 126457 (CA IRB), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtpdr&gt;, para. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; or the continued detention of specific Members of Parliament in a country,&lt;ref&gt;''Zararsiz v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 692 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j89kx&gt;, para. 44.&lt;/ref&gt; has generally not been taken to meet the test of being evidence that &quot;arose after the rejection of the claim&quot; since it is not something that, properly speaking, arose (in the sense of something emerging or becoming apparent) at any particular time following the RPD's rejection of the claim. See, however, the court's conclusion in ''Chen v. Canada'' that a letter from a pastor contained new information when it confirmed that the appellant continued to be a member of the church a month after his RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Chen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzmfw#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there any date associated with the newly submitted evidence?'' On their own, undated photos provided without evidentiary context do not establish that an event occurred after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Dosunmu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2017 FC 188 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gxjt3#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the appellant attempting to correct a deficient RPD record?'' In ''Amin v. Canada'' the Federal Court upheld a RAD decision which concluded that donation receipts post-dating the RPD decision were inadmissible and that it was reasonably open to the RAD to reject them per s. 110(4) of the Act on the basis that the Applicants were improperly attempting to correct a deficient record given that (a) the RPD expressly rejected the Applicants’ claim due to a lack of sufficient evidence, such as evidence of donations or communications related to religious activity or membership; and (b) the donation receipt was dated only days after the RPD’s rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 192 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvfwz#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-14.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the more common approach is to assess this type of consideration under the credibility criterion in ''Singh v. Canada'' discussed below, not as part of the s. 110(4) criteria.

===== ii) Was the evidence not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim? =====
Applicants bear the burden of putting their best foot forward and they may not submit new evidence whenever they are surprised by an outcome.&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v Canada (MCI)'', 2016 FC 847 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''Did the appellant request leave to provide post-hearing submissions to the RPD?'' The courts have noted that nothing prevents a party from requesting an opportunity to provide post-hearing submissions, and where they did not do so at the RPD, this is relevant to this new evidence admissibility analysis.&lt;ref&gt;''Gabane v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 735 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp9gx#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2022-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Did the appellant indicate to the RPD that the document existed?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'' the RAD found that a document did not meet the s. 110(4) criteria as it concluded that the Appellant could reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have indicated to the RPD prior to the rejection that such evidence existed.&lt;ref&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant unaware that the evidence existed?'' In ''Samaraweera v. Canada'', the court held that it was necessary to consider the submission that the applicant’s family had deliberately concealed from the applicant the ongoing harassment and efforts to search for the applicant until after the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Samaraweera, Chiranjeewa Malaka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-8499-22 and IMM-9763-22), Southcott, August 15, 2023; 2023 FC 1109.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the RPD reserve its decision, and if so how much time passed prior to it being rendered?'' When looking at the amount of time that elapsed between an RPD hearing and a panel of the RPD rendering a decision, to assess whether that duration was quick and meant that an applicant could not have reasonably submitted documents during that time period, the court in ''Aregbesola v. Canada'' noted that a 34-day timespan could not be considered &quot;quick&quot; in that case where country condition documents from the internet were at issue.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola,'' 2022 FC 820 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl53#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the appellant provide an explanation about how they were eventually able to obtain the documents?'' In a case where evidence pre-dated the RPD's decision, but the appellants maintain that they could not have reasonably presented the evidence sooner because of an inability to obtain help in securing the documents, the court held that &quot;it was reasonable for the RAD to expect some explanation about how the Applicants were eventually able to obtain the documents.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Ali v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1166 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jr9w5#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Absent a proper explanation, the court held in ''Ali v. Canada'' that it was reasonable to conclude that the documents could have been obtained and provided to the RPD sooner. 
* ''Was obtaining the evidence not within the appellant's control and, if so, did the appellant make reasonable efforts to try to obtain it?'' In ''Fardusi v. Canada'', the court held that the fact that the information in question was in the hands of another person, the agent of persecution, until subsequently being served on the Appellant during a legal proceeding, was relevant to whether it was reasonably available to her.&lt;ref&gt;''Fardusi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1568 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt3cg#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-05.&lt;/ref&gt; It points to a conclusion that the evidence was not reasonably available to the appellant prior. In ''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada'', the Court found the RAD erred when it did not accept the affidavit of a friend and business partner of the agent of harm on the basis that it was reasonably available prior to the rejection. The affiant had explained that he did not provide the affidavit earlier because he did not want his friend and business associate to regard him as an enemy but when the claim was rejected, he realized the applicants’ lives were in danger and he changed his mind and came forward with the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Ambrose–Esede v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1241, paragraphs 36–38 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, in ''Amani v. Canada'', the RAD reasonably concluded that a letter from the applicant's mother would have reasonably been available prior to the RPD rejection, notwithstanding that it can be very difficult for some SOGIESC claimants to obtain the assistance of their family members, because the Applicant’s mother has continued to support her, even by gathering other documents in support of her claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Amani v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1535 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k7450#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Was the appellant's counsel negligent in not providing the document?'' In ''Singh v. Canada'', the court considered it relevant that the failure to produce the document was the fault of the claimant's lawyer.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Did the evidence arise shortly before the RPD decision?'' In ''Ogundipe v Canada'', the Court concluded that the RAD should have accepted as new evidence an article that was published two days before the RPD decision and related to an event that occurred the day before the publication.&lt;ref&gt;''Ogundipe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 771 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsgjk&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;  However, in ''Parminder'' ''Singh v. Canada'', the court states that &quot;it does not follow from the reasons in ''Ogundipe'' that evidence pre-dating the RPD’s decision by a short period of time will necessarily meet the section 110(4) criteria in every case&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; and it upheld a RAD decision that refused to admit an article published four days before the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Parminder Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 336 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jffk7#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, in ''Collahua v. Canada'', the Court found ''Ogundipe v Canada'' distinguishable because that case concerned articles dated six weeks before the RPD’s decision; the court accepted that their refusal was reasonable.&lt;ref&gt;''Fernandez Collahua, Eder Christian v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9185-22), Southcott, July 31, 2023; 2023 FC 1045.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== iii) Was the evidence that which the person could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented at the time of the rejection? =====
Evidence is admissible on appeal where it was reasonably available prior to the RPD decision, but the person could not have reasonably been expected in the circumstances to have presented it at the time of the rejection of their claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence that is available earlier may not become relevant until later in the process in ways that the person may not initially expect. Where evidence could not have reasonably been expected to have been presented (or, according to the French version, “normally have been expected”&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2014 FC 1022 (CanLII), [2015] 3 FCR 587, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gf3rl#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt;) at the time of the rejection of the claim, it may be admitted on appeal. That said, an appellant cannot offer new evidence “every time he or she is surprised by the RPD’s decision.”&lt;ref&gt;''Marin v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 847 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp12#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-08.&lt;/ref&gt; As a general matter, an appeal to the RAD is not a second chance to submit evidence to respond to weaknesses identified by the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02; ''Lemus Oliva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1429 (CanLII), at para 45, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsr3s#par45&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-01.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court observes that this condition for admitting new evidence &quot;is clearly quite broad and entails a certain degree of inherent discretion in its application.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v Canada,'' [2018] FC 1182, at para 63.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors to consider include:
* ''When did the issue arise?''
** ''Did the issue arise at the hearing or only in the RPD's reasons?'' If the issue arose at the hearing, then the question of the document's admissibility will generally turn on whether the evidence was not reasonably available at the time of the rejection of the claim (above), including whether the appellant could have requested an adjournment, informed the RPD that they were trying to obtain additional information, and requested leave to provide post-hearing submissions under the RPD rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Did the issue only arise after the perfection of the appeal, for example in a new issue notification?''
* ''Should the appellant have anticipated that the issue in question would have arisen?'' Even if the issue only arose in the decision, the RAD must consider whether the appellant should reasonably have anticipated that the issue would have come up.&lt;ref&gt;''Shafi v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 714 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1kx10#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-04.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In some cases, the answer will point to concluding that the person could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, in ''Ismailov v. Canada'' the court concluded that it was unreasonable for the RAD to conclude that the applicant should have reasonably been expected to submit articles to the RPD about the ability to leave Uzbekistan when one is being investigated by the prosecutor's office, as the applicant could not have anticipated that the RPD would be suspicious about this fact (the documents established that it was common that such persons could leave the country).&lt;ref&gt;''Ismailov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 967 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkrb5#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-09.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** In other circumstances, the answer will point to concluding that the person could reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have provided the evidence. For example, the issue of IFA is one that claimants should always anticipate even if not identified before the RPD hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Aregbesola'', 2022 FC 820, paragraphs 9-14 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Hassan v. Canada'', Mr. Hassan argued that he had not anticipated the RPD would reject an initial letter from a Canadian Somali association that he provided to support his claim&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; and that as a result he should be allowed to submit new letters from Canadian Somali associations affirming his identity as a Somali at the RAD.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt; The court upheld the RAD's determination that, notwithstanding the fact that identity was at the centre of the RAD decision (the claim was rejected on that basis), the affidavits that Mr. Hassan submitted to the RAD did not contain any information that arose after the RPD’s decision and so it was reasonable for the RAD to conclude that he had not provided a sufficient explanation for why the evidence could not have been presented before the RPD rendered its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Hassan v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2019 FC 459 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hzzc2#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-10.&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Does the appellant's state of mind and awareness support a conclusion that they should reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence to the RPD?''
**''Was the appellant's psychological state such that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented the evidence at the time of the rejection?'' RAD Member T. Cheung accepted that an appellant only came to understand the state of his mental health after the RPD decision, when his physician noted the symptoms of a condition and referred him to a specialist.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 125957 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/jswhk#par7&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, while the condition pre-dated the RPD decision, the evidence about it was not evidence which the person would reasonably have been expected to have presented before the RPD. Where there is evidence that a claimant's state of mind has had an impact on their behaviour, the RAD should consider not only whether this justifies admitting psychological evidence on point, but also whether their state of mind supports a conclusion that they could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented other evidence to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Barrera Cornejo c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration),'' 2024 CF 268 (CanLII), au para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2x69#par10&gt;, consulté le 2024-03-14.&lt;/ref&gt; See also the section below on personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status]].
**''Was the appellant self-represented before the RPD and were they aware of their ability to submit evidence post-hearing?'' The Board has a heightened duty of procedural fairness when dealing with self-represented claimants. The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt; However, in ''Clarke v Canada'', the court concluded that the IAD had acted unfairly when it did not advise a self-represented applicant that she could file more material after the close of the hearing, as permitted under the IRB Rules.&lt;ref&gt;''Clarke v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 267, paras. 13 and 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RPD does not bring this to a self-represented claimant's attention, this may support a conclusion that information which came to the claimant's attention following their RPD hearing could not reasonably have been expected in the circumstances to have presented to the RPD.

==== Personal factors, gender, trauma, language, and self-represented status ====
According to the IRB Gender Guidelines, the assessment of whether new evidence meets the admissibility test under subsection 110(4) of the IRPA and RAD Rule 29(4) should be undertaken using a trauma-informed approach that considers the difficulties faced by persons who have experienced gender-based violence.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​​​​​​​​​Effective date: July 18​​, 2022, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir04.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt; (Accessed September 17, 2022), at 11.8.3.&lt;/ref&gt; The fact that an applicant was self-represented and did not speak the language of the proceedings (English or French) does not itself establish that they could not reasonably in the circumstances have been expected to have presented the documents.&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;''Mauricio Berrios v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 739 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jgzz4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-15.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RAD Rules Part 3 - Rules Applicable to All Appeals#RAD Rule 29: Documents or Written Submissions not Previously Provided]].

==== Additional Raza/Singh factors ====
In addition to the express statutory requirements in the statutory provision above, the RAD must ensure that the implied conditions of admissibility laid out by the Federal Court of Appeal are fulfilled, specifically credibility, relevance, newness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at paras 34-38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16&lt;/ref&gt; Some Federal Court decisions add the requirement that the evidence be &quot;material&quot; to the decision to this list,&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; but it is the view of this author that the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; This is discussed more below. 

The Federal Court of Appeal has commented that &quot;It goes without saying that the RAD always has the freedom to apply the conditions of subsection 110(4) with more or less flexibility depending on the circumstances of the case,&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; and it would appear that this comment applies to the following so-called “implicit” criteria in subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Nteta-Tshamala v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1191 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j2vf2#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; RAD decisions have held that, when interpreting these criteria, there is a &quot;low bar for admissibility&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 143642 (CA IRB), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j9brf#par15&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may admit new evidence that meets the “source and circumstance” credibility threshold and still give it little or no weight when assessing its credibility and probative value within the context of all the evidence in deciding the appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaguna v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 556 (CanLII); ''Tan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1204, paragraphs 35-36 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Haggar v. Canada'' the RAD admitted a document allegedly issued by Chad’s National Security Agency demanding the appellant's arrest, it held a hearing on &quot;how the Circular had been obtained, its authenticity, the reliability of the information it contains and its probative value in light of the documentary evidence&quot;, and in the end the RAD gave no weight to this new evidence, finding that it was a false document; the Federal Court then upheld this decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Haggar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq02#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-13.&lt;/ref&gt; 

The additional requirements from ''Canada v. Singh'' do not need to be weighed against the statutory ones; if the new evidence does not meet the statutory requirements for admission in s. 110(4), there is no need to consider the further constraints at common law.&lt;ref&gt;''Soto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 665 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jp4rk#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-03.&lt;/ref&gt; Conservely, the RAD is under no obligation to analyze the explicit criteria of subsection 110(4) of the IRPA before analyzing these implied conditions of ''Raza'' and ''Singh''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, evidence must meet all of the above criteria; for example, if evidence is not credible, relevance and newness are irrelevant and the RAD can reasonably focus its analysis on the issue of credibility if it is determinative.&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; 

More information: 

===== &lt;u&gt;Newness&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence new in the sense that it is capable of: (a) proving the current state of affairs in the country of removal or an event that occurred or a circumstance that arose after the hearing in the RPD, or (b) proving a fact that was unknown to the refugee claimant at the time of the RPD hearing, or (c) contradicting a finding of fact by the RPD (including a credibility finding)? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Aboubakar c. Canada (Citoyenneté et Immigration)'', 2023 CF 451, para. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In general, this newness factor under ''Singh'' is considered “redundant” and it is said that it “does not really add” to what is required under s. 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (MCI) v. Singh'', 2016 FCA 96, at para. 46; ''Dugarte de Lopez v. Canada (MCI)'', 2020 FC 707, at para. 19.&lt;/ref&gt; Documents that essentially repeat the same information that was before the RPD will fail this newness criterion.&lt;ref&gt;''Kabba v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 117 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv4nm#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-28.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, evidence that refers to an old risk should not be rejected as “not new” where it speaks to the development of the risk and is materially different evidence of that old risk.&lt;ref&gt;''Jessamy v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 489 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/29msb#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== &lt;u&gt;Credibility&lt;/u&gt; =====
Is the evidence credible, considering its source and the circumstances in which it came into existence? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, the credibility analysis at this stage is not limited to specific grounds such as the “source” or the “circumstances in which [the evidence] came into existence.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;''Marquez Obando, Luis Fernando v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., No. IMM-1843-20), McHaffie, March 31, 2022, 2022 FC 441.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Is there reasonably expected corroborating evidence?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the Appellant indicated that he tried to obtain a document earlier, but was unable to do so because the police station had burned down. The RAD rejected the document on the basis that, among other things, there was no corroborating evidence regarding the alleged fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;''Nsofor v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 274 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jvwn4#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-28.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Neita Murillo v. Canada,'' the RAD based an adverse credibility finding on a lack of corroborative evidence because the mother failed to provide a copy of her police complaint despite saying that she would.&lt;ref&gt;''Neita Murillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1528 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k728s#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2024-12-02.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is there a sufficient explanation of the circumstances in which the document was obtained?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the the RAD rejected a document as not sufficiently credible given that there was no explanation given as to how and why the handwritten paper document was saved from an alleged police station fire.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; In ''Naggayi v. Canada'', the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered marriage document because its availability contradicted the appellant's prior testimony that she had been unable to obtain it because her husband had it.&lt;ref&gt;''Naggayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 216 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j54nm#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'', the RAD concluded that a letter ostensibly from the Nigerian police was not credible because it did not explain how or why the police would assist a known fugitive.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada,'' the court upheld a decision that rejected a newly tendered identity document on the basis that he had indicated that the document had been previously surrendered the document to his government's authorities before they had issued him a replacement document ten years prior, concluding &quot;it is not credible that after surrendering his old birth certificate to the authorities in 2009, the Appellant was suddenly somehow able to retrieve this document ten years later to disclose for his appeal.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 5, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par5&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the original document been provided or only a copy thereof?'' In ''Nsofor v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD determination that the fact that all that was provided was a WhatsApp screen shot of the document – not the document itself – properly detracted from the document's credibility in the circumstances.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;
* ''Does the new evidence include reasonably expected security features?'' The RAD may conclude that evidence is not credible where it lacks reasonably expected security features.&lt;ref&gt;''Popoola v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 6 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlzcs#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-18&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Kumar v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that newly tendered evidence was not credible based on a “significant difference” between the affiant’s signature on one of the new affidavits as compared to two affidavits sworn by the same affiant that had been before the RPD. In the former, the last letter of the signature looked like a “z”; in the latter, it looked like an “n”.&lt;ref&gt;''Kumar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 127 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k2fnj&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-29.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Ali Khan v. Canada'', the court upheld a finding that a letter lacked credibility because of a discrepancy between the signature on it and the signature on the author's attached driver's licence.&lt;ref&gt;''Ali Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 797 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4xjj#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-26.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the timing by which the document allegedly arose exceedingly fortuitous?'' The RAD can regard the timing of evidence as dubious or convenient in a way which undermines its credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi, Olufemi Jonathan v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-7110-21), Favel, April 5, 2023; 2023 FC 478.&lt;/ref&gt; Past RAD panels have concluded that the production of alleged police and court documents which notably escalate efforts to find the appellant, days after the rejection of his claim, is suspicious.&lt;ref&gt;''Meng v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 365 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/ggttf#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-29.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Yusuf v. Canada,'' the court held that the RAD reasonably found an affidavit was too fortuitous to be credible because it was extremely unlikely that the affiant, who was meant to be the applicant’s reception upon arrival in Canada but did not appear at the airport and never communicated with the applicant in the subsequent three years, ran into the applicant by chance within weeks of the negative RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yusuf, Abdirashid Cabdi v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-9107-21), Fuhrer, July 28, 2023; 2023 FC 1032.&lt;/ref&gt; Such concerns about documents being obtained in implausible circumstances can serve to rebut the presumption of authenticity of foreign documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Shakil Ali, Unknown v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-2344-22), Sebastien Grammond, February 2, 2023; 2023 FC 156 &lt;/ref&gt; However, fortuitous timing alone may not always be a sufficient standalone ground on which to dismiss evidence, since, as the RAD has observed “it is, of course, not impossible that the events would occur during this time and timing alone [may] very well not be a basis to find the Appellant’s story and the new evidence supporting it to be lacking in credibility.”&lt;ref&gt;''Oladeji v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1183 (CanLII), at para 9, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k01h1#par9&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; This is especially the case where an alternative potential triggering event, besides the RPD reasons, is put forward.&lt;ref&gt;''Ly Dao v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1192 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k62tb#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Is the document consistent with other evidence on file?'' In ''Tuncdemir v. Canada'', the court held that the RAD reasonably came to the conclusion that an affidavit lacked credibility in light of the fact that the affidavit contradicted certain parts of the Applicant’s BoC narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Tuncdemir v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gt78c#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt; Internal inconsistency between the evidence and the testimony of an applicant can also give rise to a negative credibility finding.&lt;ref&gt;''Cooper v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2012 FC 118 at para 4.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Sachdeva v. Canada'', the court commented as follows regarding an affidavit that an appellant considered providing to the RAD: &quot;the affiant, a resident of India from the region where the Sachdeva family lived, said at the beginning of his affidavit that he has known Mr. Sachdeva for the 'last couple of years,' whereas Mr. Sachdeva and his family left India in October 2018, i.e. four years before the affidavit was signed… Needless to say, on its face, this evidence was not credible and had no probative value whatsoever.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Sachdeva v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1522 (CanLII), at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k71jm#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2024-10-01.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Are there other credibility issues with the source of this new evidence?'' The rejection of a witness’s affidavit on grounds of credibility is a reasonable matter to consider as part of assessing the source of subsequent evidence from that witness.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-16.&lt;/ref&gt; At times, several interrelated documents are submitted, and their credibility may be assessed together; for example, in ''Onyeawuna v. Canada'' the RAD found that a letter from a lawyer that discussed a new police letter was “coloured with the same relevance and credibility problems as the new letter from the police”.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeawuna v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1214 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwgrb#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-14.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Satpal Singh v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision which found that a medical note lacked credibility, bearing no date or reference number, found that the event the medical note was meant to corroborate likely did not occur, and then rejected that portion of the father’s affidavit relating to an alleged attack on the basis that it referred to the medical note that was found not to be credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1421 (CanLII), at paras 7, 8, and 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6qn6#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Has the appellant submitted other fraudulent documents?'' When considering the source of the evidence, the tribunal is entitled to consider that the RAD has upheld other serious credibility concerns that involve the applicant’s submission of fraudulent documents.&lt;ref&gt;''Bashirov v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 823 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhgbf#par15&gt;; Subramanian v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 1082 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzktf#par19&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD must guard against engaging in circular reasoning by refusing to admit evidence because the content of the new evidence is not credible based on the RPD’s findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Pilashvili, Mamuka v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-4408-20), Go, May 12, 2022; 2022 FC 706.&lt;/ref&gt; A general finding that a refugee claimant lacks credibility does not impugn all evidence that might corroborate their story.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 906 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkd85#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-08.&lt;/ref&gt;
* For further context, see also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/IRPA Section 170 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 170(h) - May receive and base a decision on evidence considered credible or trustworthy]].

===== &lt;u&gt;Relevance&lt;/u&gt; =====
In determining the relevance of the new evidence, the RAD is required to determine whether the evidence was “capable of proving or disproving a fact that is relevant to the claim for protection”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The RAD is required to assess relevance in the context of the applicants’ submissions and how the items are being relied upon&lt;ref&gt;''Brzezinski v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 936 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz4j9#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-25.&lt;/ref&gt; relative to the determinative issues that are outstanding for the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Marku v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 255 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmzng#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2022-08-02.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
* ''Does the appellant refer to the evidence in their arguments on appeal?'' RAD Member K. Qureshi concluded in one case that as a result of the appellants’ failure to make submissions, they were unable to discern a psychological report's relevance to the appeal: &quot;While the principal Appellant may very well suffer from psychological impairments, the Appellants have not explained how this impacts the claim; for example, on the ability to testify, or live in an IFA etc.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 121480 (CA IRB), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jhsvx#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-10-22.&lt;/ref&gt; The report was rejected on this basis.
* ''Does the evidence relate to the determinative issue on appeal or only another issue?'' In ''Kakar v. Canada'' the court upheld the RAD's refusal to admit new evidence on the basis that &quot;if the Mafia is not targeting Mr. Kakar, evidence concerning the situation of persons sought by the Mafia is simply irrelevant.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Kakar v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 153 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jv8l9#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Asim v. Canada'' the court upheld a RAD decision which had rejected a doctor’s letter as not relevant because the letter did not provide any specific information on how the applicant’s condition could have affected his testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Asim v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 517 (CanLII), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnq4m#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the determinative issue was the claimant's credibility and the RAD properly rejected the letter as not relevant because it did not relate to the credibility findings of the RPD.

===== &lt;u&gt;Materiality&lt;/u&gt; =====
As noted above, some Federal Court decisions note that evidence must also be &quot;material&quot; to be admitted on appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot;&gt;''Saeed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 958 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jz6hl#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18; ''Ifogah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1139 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc3bf#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; In the view of this author, the better view is that the Federal Court of Appeal held that materiality should not be a requirement for admitting evidence at the RAD because materiality is dealt with under the new hearing provisions in the Act, not at the evidence admissibility stage.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 47, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par47&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court of Appeal in ''Singh v. Canada'' answered a certified question on point as follows: &quot;the requirement concerning the materiality of the new evidence must be assessed in the context of subsection 110(6), for the sole purpose of determining whether the RAD may hold a hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 74, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par74&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the extent to which different Federal Court justices have articulated that there is a materiality requirement for evidence admission at the RAD may call this interpretation of ''Singh v. Canada'' into question - this includes comments by Justice Bell,&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Ahmed,&lt;ref&gt;''Faysal v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 324 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jfqkt#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Gascon,&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13; ''Mavangou v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 177 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hz70j#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-27.&lt;/ref&gt; Justice Little,&lt;ref name=&quot;:102&quot; /&gt; and Justice Sadrehashemi.&lt;ref&gt;''Egenti v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 639 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxd96#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Indeed, some panels of the RAD appear to have taken this approach when concluding that it is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt; If the materiality of evidence is a condition precedent for admitting it before the RAD, it is said that the RAD must take a “generous approach” to the notion of materiality.&lt;ref&gt;Khan v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2020 FC 438 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; In the Pre-Removal Risk Assessment context, the Federal Court of Appeal phrased the materiality question as follows: &quot;Is the evidence material, in the sense that the refugee claim probably would have succeeded if the evidence had been made available to the RPD? If not, the evidence need not be considered.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; This approach is best not followed at the RAD; in the words of the Federal Court, the materiality test that the RAD applies is less rigid since the RAD has a broader mandate and can accept new evidence that, while not determinative, has an impact on the overall assessment of the claim.&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 438 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j61z9#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; Factors that have been looked at in such analyses include:
*''Should any weight be assigned to the evidence?'' The court has noted that it is impossible to conclude new evidence, once admitted, has no weight because, if the evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it would not have been admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;''Yurtsever v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 312 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5n32#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-15; ''Wang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 200 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k34jw#par52&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-28&lt;/ref&gt;
=== The RAD may refuse to accept new evidence that is not credible without holding a hearing or inviting additional submissions ===
In situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The Federal Court holds that the lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt; 

Furthermore, the credibility of newly submitted documents is generally not a new issue requiring notice. The court considered this question in ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' a case where the RAD based credibility findings about new evidence directly on the form and contents of the letter filed by the applicants themselves, and in a case where the applicant's credibility was already in question. In that case, the court held that procedural fairness did not require the RAD to provide the applicants with another opportunity, in addition to the one already provided for by ''RAD Rules'', to respond to questions about the credibility of the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing]].

=== The RAD may exclude evidence but then provide an alternative analysis of how the evidence would affect the decision if it had been admitted ===
It is open to a panel of the RAD to determine that evidence does not meet the criteria to be admitted, but to state that in the event that it has erred in concluding that the documents should not be admitted into evidence, it will, in the alternative, consider them.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 915 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jxzb4#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-21.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Hashim v. Canada,'' the Court found even though documents did not constitute new evidence and that it had not accepted them on that basis, the decision's further analysis of those documents “was not intended to lessen this finding, but rather was conducted as a matter of completeness.”&lt;ref&gt;''Hashim, Ali v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-11290-22), Furlanetto, September 11, 2023; 2023 FC 1224.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may decline to consider whether or not new evidence is admissible if the new evidence would not change the outcome of the appeal ===
It is not necessary for a panel of the RAD to make a determination about whether new evidence is admissible or not if admitting it would not change the outcome of the appeal.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 24189 (CA IRB), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j6264#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-24; ''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 152954 (CA IRB), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jt4br#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-20; ''X (Re),'' 2023 CanLII 145561 (CA IRB), at para 7, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5q36#par7&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-10.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The RAD may reject evidence, accept evidence, or accept evidence only in part ===
The RAD may accept only part of a particular document on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 124591 (CA IRB), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jqgs3#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-28.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Bhuiyan v. Canada'' the RAD acted properly where it accepted an affidavit from the appellant, but not the exhibits attached to the affidavit.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 351 (CanLII), at para 13, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k3g0k#par13&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-29.&lt;/ref&gt; Inadmissible evidence does not become admissible simply because it is commingled with, or bootstrapped onto, a document which is admissible. As such, for example, where an affidavit includes both admissible and inadmissible paragraphs a panel may admit some and reject others. 

=== The RAD may conclude that new evidence meets the threshold for admissibility, even if it is ultimately held to lack reliability and credibility ===
In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision in which the RAD found that the new evidence met the threshold for admissibility, but assigned it little weight on the basis that the letters lacked reliability and credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzn1k#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-11.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the RAD would err if it admitted evidence, but then assigned it ''no weight'': the court has held that if evidence could not have been expected to affect the result, it will not be admissible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt; 

== IRPA Section 110(6): Hearings ==
&lt;pre&gt;Hearing
(6) The Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)
(a) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal;
(b) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim; and
(c) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The RAD must exercise its discretion about whether to hold a hearing where the criteria in s. 110(6) are met, regardless of whether a party has requested a hearing ===
The RAD Rules put the onus on applicants to inform the RAD why they are requesting an oral hearing and to provide “full and detailed submissions” supporting this request.&lt;ref&gt;''Sisay Teka v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2018 FC 314 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hr3pj#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, while the RAD rules allow an appellant to request a hearing, the IRPA does not actually impose a burden either to request, or to satisfy the RAD that the circumstances merit, an oral hearing.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The onus rests with the RAD to consider and apply the statutory criteria reasonably.&lt;ref&gt;''Horvath v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 CF 147 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hqbkx#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD's reasons should show how it conducted a meaningful analysis of the criteria in subsection 110(6) and determined whether or not to hold an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Tchangoue v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 334, paras. 17-18.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRPA provides that the Division is entitled to base its decision on evidence adduced in the proceedings that it considered credible or trustworthy; this is a statutory basis from the Division to determine that there is sufficient evidence in the record to decide an appeal without further testimony.&lt;ref&gt;''Baleeyoos v. Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness),'' 2024 FC 666 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4d5v#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-08-12.&lt;/ref&gt; See the statutory provision at: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/171 - Proceedings#IRPA Section 171(a.3)]]. 

While this is a discretionary provision,&lt;ref&gt;''Abdulai v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 173 (CanLII), at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmbdm#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; and oral hearings at the RAD are relatively unusual,&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 20, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par20&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; a hearing must generally be held where these statutory requirements are met.&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; While the RAD retains discretion to (not) hold a hearing under subsection 110(6), it will need to exercise that discretion reasonably in the circumstances.&lt;ref&gt;''Mofreh v Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship)'', 2019 FC 97 at paras 26-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court has concluded that “an oral hearing will generally be required when the statutory criteria have been satisfied”.&lt;ref&gt;''Zhuo v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2015 FC 911, para. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Not exercising that discretion to hold an oral hearing simply because neither party requested a hearing does not meet the threshold of reasonableness.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;''Zhuo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 911 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/gkgfv#par11&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-15.&lt;/ref&gt; In Waldman's words, &quot;although the language in both the RAD and PRRA context is permissive rather than imperative, the jurisprudence in the PRRA context would appear to indicate that hearings may be a mandatory component of procedural fairness in cases where credibility is central to the decision. This principle was first established by the Supreme Court in ''Singh'' and has been integrated into the jurisprudence on the PRRA regime.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-228.3 (Section 9.553) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, there is no right to an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 46, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par46&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

Furthermore, in situations where the RAD rejects new evidence on the basis that the evidence is not credible, it need not hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the evidence. The lack of an oral hearing, by itself, does not give rise to a breach of procedural fairness. This is because in such a situation the RAD makes a credibility finding about documents, not about the applicant.&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;''Rashid v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1569 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1f1t#par27&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Interpretation of the section 110(6) criteria ===
Section 110(6) of the IRPA provides that the Refugee Appeal Division may hold a hearing if, in its opinion, there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3) that meets the following three-part conjunctive test. The presumption, according to this statutory provision, is that there will be no oral hearing unless all three criteria under the tripartite test in subsection 110(6) are met as well as the conditions under subsection 110(4).&lt;ref&gt;''Ketchen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 388 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gphgd#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; This differs from the cognate provision for the PRRA context where there is divergent Federal Court caselaw about whether an applicant does not need to meet all the criteria under that section before an oral hearing is required&lt;ref&gt;''Hurtado Prieto v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2010 FC 253 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/28gxm#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; or whether all three criteria must be met for an oral hearing to be held.&lt;ref&gt;''Song v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 449 (CanLII), at para 53, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrq0d#par53&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-16.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, this section of the IRPA is clear that all three subsections of 110(6) must be present for a hearing to be held with the phase &quot;à la fois&quot; that precedes the criteria in the French text (&quot;La section peut tenir une audience si elle estime qu’il existe des éléments de preuve documentaire visés au paragraphe (3) qui, à la fois...&quot;).

The criteria for determining whether to hold an oral hearing set out in subsection 110(6) of the IRPA “are unquestionably related to the materiality of the new documentary evidence”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajayi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1155 (CanLII), at para 11, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzvjq#par11&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt; The following subsection 110(6) criteria are said to be &quot;associated with the existence of new documentary evidence&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; The section of the regulations on having a hearing in the PRRA context, that this paragraph is modelled on, is said to be &quot;an awkwardly worded section&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Tekie v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2005 FC 27 (CanLII), at para 15, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/1jlvs#par15&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== &lt;u&gt;(A) that raises a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal&lt;/u&gt; ====
When approaching this question, a panel can consider whether the new evidence will alter credibility findings or “justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the applicant”?&lt;ref&gt;''Gedara v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1023 (CanLII), at para 48, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jjf5q#par48&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with the respect to the credibility of the ''person'' who is the subject of the appeal; a hearing should not be held merely to assess the credibility of the evidence itself if that evidence does not raise a serious issue with respect to the person's credibility. In the words of ''A.B. v. Canada'', the RAD is not required to hold an oral hearing to assess the credibility of new evidence—it is when otherwise credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the general credibility of the applicant that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 61 (CanLII), at para 17, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j50l4#par17&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As Justice Norris has observed in the analogous PRRA context, while it can be difficult to draw a bright line, “doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility”.&lt;ref&gt;''Ahmed v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2018 FC 1207 at para 32.&lt;/ref&gt; This factor is composed of two elements: (i) the new evidence must raise a serious issue and (ii) this serious issue must be in respect of the credibility of the person. In approaching this question, a panel can consider the following questions:
* ''Does the new evidence raise a new serious credibility issue?'' 
** ''Does the new evidence justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and their narrative?'' The Federal Court of Appeal specifies that a hearing is only held where new evidence would justify a reassessment of the overall credibility of the person and his or her narrative.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FCA 96, paragraph 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, the Federal Court states that it is when credible and admitted evidence raises a serious issue with respect to the ''general credibility'' of the person that the determination of an oral hearing becomes relevant.&lt;ref&gt;''A.B. v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 61, paragraph 17 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt;
** ''Is there already similar evidence in the record?'' Panels have generally considered whether there was already similar evidence in the record. If so, then the new, additional, evidence will generally not raise a serious issue with respect to credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Pestova v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1024 (CanLII), at para 24, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/h4vbf#par24&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05; See also: ''Ajaj v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2016 FC 674, paragraph 22 (CanLII); ''Ikheloa v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1161, paragraph 29 (CanLII); ''Nteta–Tshamala v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 1191, paragraph 30 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; 
* ''Is the serious issue raised by the new evidence in respect of the credibility of a person who is the subject of the appeal?'' 
** ''Do credibility questions emerge from the evidence, or only questions regarding the probative value and/or sufficiency of the evidence?'' Section 110(6) requires that, before a hearing can be held, new documentary evidence must raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the person who is the subject of the appeal. Doubts about the veracity of evidence do not necessarily amount to concerns about an applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334, paragraph 42 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD accepts the credibility of the person’s testimony, there is no issue raised as to his credibility, a precondition to holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 1783, paragraph 16 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; Where the RAD does not have credibility concerns as a result of the evidence, but rather concerns about the evidence's weight, the criteria of s. 110(6) will not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Adera v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 871 (CanLII), at para 57, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsp11#par57&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, where the RAD does not raise any &quot;new&quot; serious issues with respect to the credibility of the applicant, but instead bases its decision on a lack of sufficient evidence to prove the applicant's claim (e.g. the applicant's identity), then a hearing is not available.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 172 (CanLII), at paras 63-65, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j51j4#par65&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 
** ''Does the new evidence call into question the credibility of an appellant or of third parties?'' In ''Ariyibi v. Canada'', the court concluded that the RAD was not obligated to conduct an oral hearing to assess the credibility of the new evidence that had been offered, as the new evidence did not raise a serious issue with respect to the credibility of the appellants, but rather called into question the credibility of the third parties who authored the new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;Ariyibi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2023 FC 478 (CanLII), para. 32.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Kanakarathinam v. Canada'', the Federal Court noted that a credibility finding against a third party (for example, the applicant's mother) does not trigger the right to an oral hearing as this does not go directly to the applicant’s credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Kanakarathinam, Uthayasankar v. M.C.I.'' (F.C., no. IMM-764-21), McDonald, April 21, 2022; 2022 FC 577.&lt;/ref&gt; Evidence from third parties recounting new incidents occurring in a home country while an appellant is in Canada will not necessarily impact on the appellant’s credibility.&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt; 

==== &lt;u&gt;(B) that is central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Is the evidence central to the RPD's decision, or an aspect thereof?'' The court notes that this criterion requires not that the new evidence be &quot;central to the claim&quot; but instead &quot;central to the decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Onyeme v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1243 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hwk5b#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, evidence which is central to the claim but on a point that was not at issue in the decision or reasons, would not be &quot;central to the decision&quot;.
* ''Is the evidence central with respect to one of the elements that has or needs to be proven to receive refugee protection?'' This can be considered a materiality requirement; evidence is material if it could reasonably be expected to have affected the result of the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Yurtsever v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 312 at para 15.&lt;/ref&gt; An example of a situation that would meet this criterion, but not the next, is where a claim was rejected on the basis of identity and IFA. New evidence related to identity would be central to the decision with respect to the refugee protection claim, even if, if accepted, it would not, in itself, justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim.

==== &lt;u&gt;(C) that, if accepted, would justify allowing or rejecting the refugee protection claim&lt;/u&gt; ====
When considering this branch of the test, panels have considered the following questions:
* ''Does the evidence relate to a determinative issue?'' In assessing this criterion, the RAD should look at the determinative issue(s) and whether the findings would be affected by the new evidence. See, for example, ''Idugboe v. Canada'': &quot;The evidence that was rejected on credibility grounds spoke to new instances of threats and attacks, none of which would have affected the determinative IFA issue. While the evidence arguably speaks to the motivation of Mr. Idugboe’s family to find the Idugboes on their return, the IFA determination was based on a variety of factors, including their means and ability to locate the Idugboes in Port Harcourt, none of which was affected by this newly tendered evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Idugboe v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 334 (CanLII), at para 43, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5q81#par43&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Do the documents raise a new issue that could justify granting protection?'' Where the new evidence that has been tendered raises a new issue that could justify granting protection, for example a ''sur place'' claim, then this will indicate that this criterion is met.&lt;ref&gt;''Ajaj v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 674 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsct8#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Should the evidence be accorded sufficient weight such that it could justify allowing or rejecting the claim?'' When making this determination, it is proper to consider the weight of the evidence that has been tendered; where new evidence has been admitted, but has been assigned very little weight such that it is insufficient to overcome previous negative credibility findings, then this may properly indicate that the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in this subsection are thereby not met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-05.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may decide that it is able to sufficiently consider the evidence and assess its probative value without holding an oral hearing.&lt;ref&gt;''Smith v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1472 (CanLII), at para 42, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j3hhc#par42&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; It may assign very little weight to the “new” evidence and find the new evidence which was accepted could not justify allowing the claim and the conditions in the subsection have not been met.&lt;ref&gt;''Oluwakemi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 973 (CanLII), at para 6, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gtzw0#par6&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Simone v. Canada'', the court upheld a RAD decision that in a case where the appellant had not established his identity, and had submitted fraudulent evidence about his identity, newly accepted affidavits from two friends in Toronto did not justify holding an oral hearing because they did not justify allowing or rejecting the claim given that the evidence could not outweigh the other credibility concerns with the appellant's identity on the record.&lt;ref&gt;''Simone v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1345 (CanLII), at para 8, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl850#par8&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Applicability of PRRA jurisprudence ===
The factors listed in section 167 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations'' which govern when a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) officer will hold a hearing are nearly identical to those listed in subsection 110(6) of the Act.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 31, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par31&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court held in ''Shen v. Canada'' that the nearly identical factors appear to indicate Parliament’s intention that similar analyses should be applied in each case.&lt;ref&gt;''Shen v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1456 (CanLII), at para 34, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jsn08#par34&gt;, retrieved on 2022-12-07.&lt;/ref&gt; However, the court went to to comment, &quot;the similarity of the provisions does not automatically lead to the conclusion that the Court’s jurisprudence under each provision is interchangeable&quot;.

=== Ability to conduct a ''voir dire'' to determine whether evidence will be admitted ===
The general practice of the RAD is to hold an oral hearing only after documentary evidence is already accepted as new evidence. An oral hearing in the nature of a ''voir dire'', where a hearing is held in order to determine whether the documentary evidence ought to be admitted into evidence, is not generally held at the RAD. 

As stated in ''Mohamed v. Canada'', there is no question that the RAD may only convene an oral hearing where evidence meets the criteria of s. 110(4) of the Act: &quot;subsection 110(6) permits the RAD to hold an oral hearing where, in its opinion, 'there is documentary evidence referred to in subsection (3)' that meets the criteria in paragraphs (''a''), (''b''), and (''c''). The subsection thus only applies in circumstances where it determines there ''is'' evidence referred to in subsection 110(3). Such documentary evidence may only be filed by the person subject to the appeal if they establish it meets the requirements of subsection 110(4). In other words, the RAD must determine whether there is evidence that meets the requirements of subsection 110(4) before conducting the subsection 110(6) assessment of whether that evidence (a) raises a serious issue of credibility, (b) is central to the decision on the refugee protection claim, and (c) would justify allowing or rejecting the claim.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Mohamed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 1145 (CanLII), at para 21, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jc40l#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; 

A question arises, however, about whether evidence must in every case meet the ''Canada v. Singh'' criteria,&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Singh,'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; including being judged to be credible, prior to an oral hearing being held. Some panels of the RAD&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2021 CanLII 121216 (CA IRB), at para 19, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jkwvh#par19&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-16.&lt;/ref&gt; and Federal Court&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2020 FC 438, paragraph 35 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; have concluded that the answer is &quot;no&quot;. This is so for several reasons, including that the text of s. 110(6)(c) of the IRPA implies that the decision about whether to admit the evidence or not need not be made at the time of the oral hearing, as that criterion is to be evaluated &quot;à supposer qu’ils soient admis&quot;, i.e. &quot;supposing they [the new documents] are admitted&quot;, employing the subjunctive mood for the verb être, which implies uncertainty and indeterminacy. Furthermore, it could be argued that the &quot;if accepted&quot; wording in this provision applies to the facts contained in the new documents, not to the documents themselves. 

To this end, the Federal Court has held that in some circumstances, an oral hearing ought to be held to properly consider new evidence.&lt;ref&gt;''Denis v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2018 FC 1182 (CanLII), at para 81, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hw9c9#par81&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-21.&lt;/ref&gt; But see the following statements: the Federal Court has stated that the RAD can only hold an oral hearing after it decides to admit new evidence: &quot;the RAD could not have held an oral hearing about whether to admit the new evidence—it had to have admitted the new evidence in order to have the statutory authority to hold an oral hearing.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Homauoni v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1403 (CanLII), at paras 38-39, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jl9md#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in ''Limones Munoz v. Canada'' the court commented that &quot;there must be a link between the documentary evidence admitted and the three elements listed in [section 110(6)]&quot;, indicating that the documentary evidence must have been admitted in order for a hearing to be convened.&lt;ref&gt;''Limones Munoz v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2020 FC 1051 (CanLII), at para 35, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jbxx4#par35&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-06.&lt;/ref&gt; Furthermore, the Federal Court stated categorically in ''Hossain v. Canada'' that &quot;There is no statutory basis for the RAD convening an oral hearing to determine the admissibility of evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Hossain v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1255 (CanLII), at para 40, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k08wv#par40&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-13.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Marquez Obando v. Canada,'' the court held that &quot;the RAD can hold a hearing only if it has already determined that the new documents filed meet the criteria of subsection 110(4), including the credibility criterion.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Marquez Obando v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 441 (CanLII), at para 26, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/js5kr#par26&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-07.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== IRPA Section 111: Decision and Referrals ==
&lt;pre&gt;Decision
111 (1) After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division shall make one of the following decisions:
(a) confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division;
(b) set aside the determination and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made; or
(c) refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate.
(1.1) [Repealed, 2012, c. 17, s. 37]

Referrals
(2) The Refugee Appeal Division may make the referral described in paragraph (1)(c) only if it is of the opinion that
(a) the decision of the Refugee Protection Division is wrong in law, in fact or in mixed law and fact; and
(b) it cannot make a decision under paragraph 111(1)(a) or (b) without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division.&lt;/pre&gt;

=== History of this provision ===
s. 111(1.1) was previously titled &quot;Manifestly unfounded&quot; and stated &quot;(1.1) For greater certainty, if the Refugee Appeal Division does not set it aside, the Refugee Protection Division’s determination under section 107.1 is confirmed.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act,'' SC 2001, c 27, s 111, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vwq#sec111&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; This was repealed in 2012. 

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(a): the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division ===
After considering the appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may confirm the determination of the Refugee Protection Division. Such a determination may be justified where the RAD either determines that the RPD did not err or that any error does not justify overturning the decision. For example, panels of the RAD have relied on jurisprudence requiring an applicant to demonstrate that a breach of procedural fairness was material to the tribunal’s decision before setting aside or overturning the decision, so the mere fact of such a breach may not suffice to justify setting aside an RPD determination.&lt;ref&gt;''Roy v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2013 FC 768 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

The RAD may, as a matter of jurisdiction, substitute its own determination of the merits of the refugee claim on a basis that was not addressed by the RPD in its decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; One line of jurisprudence holds that it is also not required to determine that the RPD erred before considering an alternate ground on which to uphold a decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Okechukwu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 1142 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gv8zj#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; However, another line of jurisprudence holds that when the RAD confirms the decision of the RPD on another basis, it must do so only after it determines the existence of an error in the RPD decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Angwah v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FC 654 (CanLII), at para 16, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gsm44#par16&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; The first line of jurisprudence appears to be favoured for the following reasons:

* Such an interpretation of the RAD's jurisdiction is most consistent with its mandate to be &quot;decisive, fair and efficient&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* That interpretation is most consistent with the statutory language given that paragraphs 111(1)(a) and 111(1)(b) of the IRPA gave the RAD the power to confirm or substitute the “determination” of the RPD, and as such, it is not bound by the reasoning in the RPD’s decision.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Torres Pantoja,'' 2024 FC 993 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5gk6#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
* The restrictions on returning claims to the RPD for redetermination under subsection 111(2) of the IRPA suggests that Parliament’s intent was to have the RAD finalize refugee protection claims where it can do so fairly, including by confirming a determination on alternative grounds.&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;

=== IRPA s. 111(1)(b): the Refugee Appeal Division may set aside the determination of the RPD and substitute a determination that, in its opinion, should have been made ===
The RAD has the power to set aside a determination made by the RPD and substitute its determination that, in its opinion, should have been made. This has implications for when the RAD may raise new issues and what limitations exist on the RAD's ability to set aside the determination of the RPD. 

The RAD must conduct its own assessment of the evidence ''de novo''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt; Inherent in this jurisdiction is the power to raise new issues. See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The RAD may raise new issues that are not raised in the appeal]]. 

When substituting the determination that, in its opinion, should have been made, the RAD must identify what specific error the RPD made that justifies its intervention. One may look to s. 110 of the IRPA which provides that an appeal is to be on a question of law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact. The fact that the RAD is an appellate tribunal is relevant to the nature of the analysis that is expected in its reasons when it reverses a decision of the RPD that that Division had offered reasons for.&lt;ref&gt;''Tretsetsang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 175 (CanLII), [2017] 3 FCR 399, at para 58, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gs2j6#par58&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-01 (in dissent, but not on this point).&lt;/ref&gt; The Federal Court notes that &quot;the RAD’s role is not to carry out a ''de novo'' examination of the refugee claim that the RPD had to address&quot; and as such &quot;it is insufficient for the RAD to ask whether it would have reached a different conclusion had it been in the RPD’s position, without regard for any aspect of the RPD’s decision&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) v. Gebrewold,'' 2018 FC 374 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hrs2h#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2024-03-02.&lt;/ref&gt; In that case, the Federal Court held that &quot;it was insufficient, in my view, for the RAD to give the respondent the benefit of the doubt without stating how the RPD erred in not doing the same&quot;. As such, while Waldman argues that this provision allows the RAD to substitute its decision for that of the RPD, even if no new evidence has been submitted and no error has been identified in the RPD decision,&lt;ref&gt;Waldman, Lorne, ''Immigration Law and Practice, 2nd Edition (Butterworths)'', Looseleaf at 9-238.4 (Section 9.554) Rel. 61-2/2017.&lt;/ref&gt; this should not be taken as licencing the RAD to act arbitrarily and intervene to overturn the RPD's finding without, for example, identifying why it is weighing the evidence differently and why the RPD was wrong to do otherwise. 

See also:

* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/162 - Board Jurisdiction and Procedure#IRPA Section 162(2) - Obligation to proceed informally and expeditiously]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/Principles for the interpretation of refugee procedure#IRPA Section 3(2)(e) - Fair and efficient procedures that maintain integrity and uphold human rights]]
* [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]]
=== IRPA ss. 111(1)(c) and 111(2): the Refugee Appeal Division may refer the matter to the Refugee Protection Division for re-determination in specified circumstances ===
When the RAD finds that the RPD erred, as per s. 111 of the Act it must provide a final determination by setting aside the decision and substituting its own determination of the merits of the claim, and “it is only when the RAD is of the opinion that it cannot provide such a final determination without hearing the oral evidence presented to the RPD that the matter can be referred back to the RPD for redetermination”.&lt;ref&gt;''Madu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 758 (CanLII), at para 14, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jpl51#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

Thus, per IRPA s. 111(2), the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that (a) the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both, and (b) the RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD. This is a conjunctive test:&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;''Javed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 574 (CanLII), at para 10, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jggb6#par10&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 111(2)(a) The RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law or both ====
The Court has found the RAD has no jurisdiction to refer a matter back to the RPD if the RAD does not identify the RPD’s error.&lt;ref&gt;Berhani, 2021 FC 1007.&lt;/ref&gt; Where, for example, the RAD does not articulate why the RPD decision was incorrect in fact, law, or both, but simply notes that new evidence has been adduced on appeal, and that new evidence does not contradict any existing factual findings, then the RAD may not remit the case to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Denis,'' 2022 FC 552 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jnrrk#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2022-05-13.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, in ''Canada v. Hayat,'' the claimant stated to the RAD that his claim on the basis of sexual orientation at the RPD had been made up, that he was not gay, but that he wanted to present a different basis to claim related to political opinion. The RAD determined that the appellant should be given the benefit of the doubt and remitted the matter to the RPD for a new hearing. The court held that this had been unreasonable, as the RAD had not identified any error with the RPD's original decision finding that the Appellant's sexual orientation-based claim was not credible.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Hayat,'' 2022 FC 1772 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtp8q&gt;, retrieved on 2023-07-07.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, the law did not permit the RAD to remit the matter to the RPD. See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/110-111 - Appeal to Refugee Appeal Division#The jurisdiction of the RAD is to hear appeals on a question or law, of fact, or of mixed law and fact against a decision of the RPD]].

==== 111(2)(b) The RAD cannot make its own determination of the issue on appeal without hearing evidence that was presented to the RPD ====
The provision “acknowledges the fact that in some cases where oral testimony is critical or determinative in the opinion of the RAD, the RAD may not be in a position to confirm or substitute its own determination to that of the RPD”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v Huruglica'', 2016 FCA 93, para. 69.&lt;/ref&gt; As stated in ''Malambu v. Canada'', a combined reading of sections 110 and 111 of the IRPA and of Rule 3 of the RAD Rules indicates that where no new evidence is submitted to the RAD, but the RAD is of the opinion that the RPD’s decision is wrong in law or fact or mixed law and fact, and that it can neither confirm nor set aside the decision appealed without itself holding a hearing to re-examine the evidence adduced, it must refer the matter back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Malambu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 763 (CanLII), at para 28, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gmlcg#par28&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt;

A question can arise about how to interpret the legislative provision that the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a case back to the RPD only if it is of the opinion that it cannot make a decision without hearing evidence that was presented to the Refugee Protection Division. The courts have articulated several approaches to interpreting this requirement:

* &lt;u&gt;Need to hear specific evidence:&lt;/u&gt; In some cases, the court has suggested the RAD can only refer a matter back only when there was oral evidence that was previously presented to the RPD that the RAD would need to hear in order to render a final decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Nuriddinova v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1093, paragraphs 37–38 (CanLII); ''Ye v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1025, paragraphs 40 and 44 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; This approach appears consistent with the plain English-language text of the statutory provision, which indicates that the RAD may only refer a matter back to the RPD where it was not able to make a decision &quot;without hearing ''evidence that was presented'' to the Refugee Protection Division [''emphasis added'']&quot;. 
* &lt;u&gt;Meaningful advantage standard:&lt;/u&gt; Under this line of caselaw, in order to meet the criteria set out in s. 111(2)(b), the RAD must conclude that the RPD had a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-04-04.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Javed v. Canada'', the court stated that in a case where the RAD &quot;concluded that the RPD did not have a meaningful advantage regarding findings of credibility,...it was not open to the RAD by operation of paragraph 111(2)(b), to refer the matter back to the RPD for re‑determination.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Not all decisions that turn on credibility necessitate returning a matter to the RPD in order to reach new findings; the RAD may reach its own assessment of credibility based on the evidentiary record before it.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2022 FC 204 (CanLII), paragraph 7; ''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Alazar,'' 2021 FC 637, paragraphs 70-71 (CanLII)).&lt;/ref&gt; The converse can also hold: where the RPD did have a meaningful advantage regarding its credibility findings, then, as a general proposition, the RAD may not undertake a &quot;wholesale review and reversal&quot; of the RPD's credibility findings.&lt;ref&gt;''Sarker v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1367.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Purposive approach of remitting to hear additional evidence:&lt;/u&gt; A question can arise about whether this provision allows the RAD to refer a matter to the RPD where no evidence was canvassed at the RPD on a particular determinative issue. In ''Saghiri v. Canada'' the RPD had not canvassed the issue of 1F(b) exclusion at the hearing, the RAD held that this was in error, no new evidence was submitted on appeal, and the appellant submitted that the RAD could not remit the matter to the RPD for further examination pursuant to this provision the issue was not canvassed during the RPD's oral hearing''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;'' The Minister's position is that a purposive interpretation of paragraph 111(2)(b) of ''IRPA'' “allows the RAD to remit a refugee claim for further evidence because otherwise restricting the evidence on the RPD’s redetermination would bring about an absurd consequence”, since the RAD can only confirm, substitute or return a decision under section 111(1) of ''IRPA''. If the RAD needs more evidence, but cannot refer a claim to the RPD, then the RAD would be “hamstrung”.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 52, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par52&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; The court acknowledges that when looking at its particular wording, paragraph 111(2)(b) is “awkwardly written” in both English and French.&lt;ref&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 54, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par54&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-14.&lt;/ref&gt; ''Saghiri v. Canada'' upheld a RAD decision to remit a matter so that the RPD could ask questions on an additional issue as follows: &quot;There was no or insufficient evidence before the RPD on the issue of exclusion which it could have heard that would have allowed it to confirm or substitute its own determination of the issue. Thus the only remedy was to send it back to the RPD for all of the evidence relating to the claim to be heard again in order to make an informed decision on the question of exclusion.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;''Saghiri v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 720 (CanLII), at para 55, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jzgbf#par55&gt;, retrieved on 2023-08-03.&lt;/ref&gt; This is arguably consistent with the French-language provision, which speaks to being able to refer a matter to the RPD for re-determination if the RAD cannot make a decision without holding a new hearing in order to ''réexamen'' (which has been translated as re-examine,&lt;ref&gt;''Patent Act,'' RSC 1985, c P-4, s 48.1, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/7vkn#sec48.1&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; reconsider,&lt;ref&gt;''Reconsideration Notice and Process - Exceptional Disclosure of Non-Conviction Information,'' O Reg 348/18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/53gtv&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; review,&lt;ref&gt;''Review Panel Regulation,'' YOIC 2020/97, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/54bwk&gt; retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; or reappraise) the evidence that was presented to the RPD: &quot;''qu’elle ne peut confirmer la décision attaquée ou casser la décision et y substituer la décision qui aurait dû être rendue sans tenir une nouvelle audience en vue du réexamen des éléments de preuve qui ont été présentés à la Section de la protection des réfugiés.''&quot; The French text would appear to permit remitting a matter where the written evidence needs to be re-examined through additional oral questions. Similarly, in cases where procedural fairness was breached at the RPD and an issue was not adequately canvased or put to the claimant, the RAD may be obliged to return the matter to the RPD where it cannot remedy the procedural fairness breach on appeal.&lt;ref&gt;''Abdelrahman v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 527 (CanLII), at para 18, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jg6tv#par18&gt;, retrieved on 2024-06-17.&lt;/ref&gt; See: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The RAD may remedy some procedural fairness violations that occurred during an RPD hearing]].

As a general proposition, even where an applicant establishes that the necessary conditions exist, the RAD retains a discretion about whether to refer a matter back to the RPD. It is under no obligation to do so.&lt;ref&gt;''Onwuamaizu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 1481 (CanLII), at para 29, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jlnlb#par29&gt;, retrieved on 2022-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; This discretion stems from the use of the word &quot;may&quot; in s. 111(2) (&quot;may make the referral&quot;) as opposed to an imperative wording such as &quot;shall&quot;. Furthermore, considered broadly, section 111 of the IRPA is said to evidence Parliament's intent that the RAD bring finality to the refugee claims determination process where possible.&lt;ref&gt;''Huruglica v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 93, paragraph 58 (CanLII).&lt;/ref&gt; However, as the Federal Court of Appeal held in ''Singh v. Canada'', where the RAD finds that all of the evidence should be heard again in order to make an informed decision, it must refer the case back to the RPD.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2016 FCA 96 (CanLII), [2016] 4 FCR 230, at para 51, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gp31b#par51&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-29.&lt;/ref&gt;

Once a matter is remitted, it is to follow the process set out in the IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division''.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; See also: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/The right to be heard and the right to a fair hearing#The record on a RAD-ordered redetermination]].

=== IRPA 111(1)(c): the Refugee Appeal Division may give the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate when referring a matter for re-determination ===
Section 111(1)(c) of the IRPA provides that after considering an appeal, the Refugee Appeal Division may refer a matter to the Refugee Protection Division for redetermination, giving the directions to the Refugee Protection Division that it considers appropriate. In appropriate circumstances, a decision-maker may fashion a creative remedy in order to prevent a potential injustice.&lt;ref&gt;''Kolawole v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 1384 (CanLII), at para 25, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k0wrg#par25&gt;, retrieved on 2023-12-28.&lt;/ref&gt; However, directions ought not to unduly tread into responsibilities given to the other Division by Parliament under the IRPA''.''&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 36, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par36&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt; The IRB ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division'' provides that where the RAD has determined that there was a denial of natural justice in the original hearing and provides specific directions, the RPD will comply with those directions.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on Redeterminations Ordered by the Refugee Appeal Division,'' September 9, 2014, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/PolRpdSprRedetExam.aspx&gt; (Accessed April 27, 2022), at 5.2.&lt;/ref&gt;  

There are any number of such directions that can be provided, including that:  

* &lt;u&gt;Same panel:&lt;/u&gt; The matter is to be heard by the same RPD panel as initially heard the claim, if at all possible.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;''X (Re),'' 2013 CanLII 76391 (CA IRB), at para 66, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/g23dh#par66&gt;, retrieved on 2022-04-28.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Accept past findings:&lt;/u&gt; In hearing and deciding the claim, the RPD is to consider only specific evidence that relates to the reasons why the matter is being remitted and the panel is to accept the findings of the first RPD panel unless those findings are disturbed by the new evidence.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Similarly, when remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that &quot;Given that the previous PRRA officer accepted the Applicant’s evidence in relation to his involvement in the BNP, this aspect of his profile—namely his previous role as a “root level leader” of the BNP—need not be reconsidered unless there are new reasons to doubt its veracity.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''Khan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 678 (CanLII), &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k4f3s&gt;, retrieved on 2024-05-18.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Priority scheduling:&lt;/u&gt; An order may be made that there be priority scheduling for the remitted matter.&lt;ref&gt;''Abeleira v. Canada (Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship),'' 2017 FC 1008.&lt;/ref&gt; The RAD may also set a deadline to re-examine the file.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2019 CanLII 7156 (CA IRB), at para 30, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/hxc71#par30&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-12.&lt;/ref&gt; The court has also ordered that a redetermination of a matter be completed and a decision issued within a specified timeframe, for example no later than 60 days from the date of the court's decision.&lt;ref&gt;''Rocha Badillo v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1092 (CanLII), at para 38, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k5rd8#par38&gt;, retrieved on 2024-09-13.&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;u&gt;Consider proceeding in writing:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting matters, the Federal Court has specified in some cases that a re-hearing may not be necessary as the parties may be able to address the limited issue on redetermination in writing.&lt;ref&gt;''Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Choudhry,'' 2023 FC 1536 (CanLII), at para 12, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k1sg4#par12&gt;, retrieved on 2024-01-20.&lt;/ref&gt; 
* &lt;u&gt;Make a particular finding:&lt;/u&gt; When remitting a matter from judicial review, in ''Singh v. Canada,'' the Federal Court ordered that the Board member dismiss the claim on the exclusion ground for the reasons already provided.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2015 FC 1415 (CanLII), [2016] 3 FCR 248, at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/gn1jt#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2024-07-29.&lt;/ref&gt; 
Where the Federal Court provides directions, and those directions cannot be complied with, then parties may seek further direction from the court.&lt;ref&gt;''Rogelyn Cuyugan CABIGAS v. MPSEP'' (F.C., no. IMM-1475-22), Gleeson, April 12, 2023, 2023 FC 517.&lt;/ref&gt; This author is unaware of any analogous precedents regarding RAD directions.

== References ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>clw2eegp1e25809fo3q2mqv05xtf256</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Amala (Yoruba Yam Swallow)</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>446137</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448825</id>
      <parentid>4426911</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:52:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>quantities from [[Cookbook:Amala with Efo Gbure (Yoruba Yam Swallow with Waterleaf Soup)]]</comment>
      <origin>4448825</origin>
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      <text bytes="1138" sha1="8i5r7v96ps8dzelfsnvu4tjm4640ihq" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Swallow recipes
| Difficulty = 2
| Image = [[File:Amala, ewedu and assorted meat.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Recipe}}

'''Àmàlà''' is a preparation native to the Yoruba people of Nigeria. It is made out of yam flour, cassava flour, and/or unripe plantain flour. It can be served with a variety of [[Cookbook:Soup|soups]], such as [[Cookbook:Efo Riro (Nigerian Amaranth Soup)|efo riro]], [[Cookbook:Okro|okro]] (ila), [[Cookbook:Ewedu Soup|ewedu soup]], [[Cookbook:Ogbono Soup|ogbono]], or [[Cookbook:Gbegiri|gbegiri]] (black-eyed beans soup).
==Ingredients==
*1 [[Cookbook:Liter|liter]] [[Cookbook:Water|water]]
*2 [[Cookbook:Units of measurement#Nigeria|milk tins]] of Yam flour

== Equipment ==

*Pot
*[[Cookbook:Spatula#African turning stick|Turning stick]]
*Spatula

==Procedure==
#Heat water in a pot and bring to [[Cookbook:Boiling|boil]].
#Pour and stir the yam flour, mixing continuously to avoid lumps.
#Adjust the amount of water or yam flour to get your desired consistency.
#Stir well, cover, and cook for about 10 minutes.
#Serve with soups.

[[Category:Swallow recipes]]
[[Category:Yam flour recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>8i5r7v96ps8dzelfsnvu4tjm4640ihq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448836</id>
      <parentid>4448825</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:57:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>style, format, language, links</comment>
      <origin>4448836</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1202" sha1="5s2m6utgxlbmxb7bflzbv0lr0u2eydr" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Swallow recipes
| Difficulty = 2
| Image = [[File:Amala, ewedu and assorted meat.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{Recipe}}

'''Àmàlà''' is a preparation native to the Yoruba people of Nigeria. It is made out of yam flour, cassava flour, and/or unripe plantain flour. It can be served with a variety of [[Cookbook:Soup|soups]], such as [[Cookbook:Efo Riro (Nigerian Amaranth Soup)|efo riro]], [[Cookbook:Okro|okro]] (ila), [[Cookbook:Ewedu Soup|ewedu soup]], [[Cookbook:Ogbono Soup|ogbono]], or [[Cookbook:Gbegiri|gbegiri]] (black-eyed beans soup).
==Ingredients==
*1 [[Cookbook:Liter|liter]] [[Cookbook:Water|water]]
*2 [[Cookbook:Units of measurement#Nigeria|milk tins]] of [[Cookbook:Yam|yam]] flour

== Equipment ==

*Pot
*[[Cookbook:Spatula#African turning stick|Turning stick]]

==Procedure==
#Heat water in a pot and bring to [[Cookbook:Boiling|boil]].
#Gradually stir in the yam flour, mixing continuously to avoid lumps. You should get a smooth paste or dough.
#Adjust the amount of water or yam flour to get your desired consistency.
#Stir well, cover, and cook on low heat for about 10 minutes.
#Serve with soups.

[[Category:Swallow recipes]]
[[Category:Yam flour recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>5s2m6utgxlbmxb7bflzbv0lr0u2eydr</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dishwashing/Tools</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>448182</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448819</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:50:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>faster then &gt; faster than</comment>
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      <text bytes="1334" sha1="kdl4agho6941p4aglyg77iz42lr973r" xml:space="preserve">{{TOCright}}
==Hand Tools==
===Rag===
The humble rag is among the most versatile of the tools available to a dishwasher. From cleaning dishes and glasses gently, to wiping down the sink at the end of the night, the rag offers a gentile and flexible approach for cleaning light messes.
===Sponge===
The sponge is a step up above the rag in terms of ability to clean small portions of an item thoroughly. A soft side allows for a similar level of gentleness to the rag, while a more abrasive side tackles tougher grime and debris.

===Steel Wool===
Steel wool is among the harshest hand tools, and is an invaluable asset when cleaning material which has been caked onto pots and pans.

Never use Steel Wool on Teflon or similar coatings. This will likely destroy the coating.

===Cleaning Block===
Cleaning blocks can be used on items with very hard caked on debris.

==Water==
===Tap===
A standard tap can be used to fill up a sink, or to provide running water over an object during scrubbing.

===Sprayer===
A sprayer separates a stream of water into a number of droplets. Many sprayers propel these droplets faster than the continuous stream of a tap, allowing more easy removal of grit and grime. Most sprayers require manual operation.

==Automated tools==
===Home Dishwasher===
===Conveyor Dishwasher===

{{Status|0%}}
{{Bookcat}}</text>
      <sha1>kdl4agho6941p4aglyg77iz42lr973r</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Atama</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>448760</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448802</id>
      <parentid>4097832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:43:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>fix and flesh out</comment>
      <origin>4448802</origin>
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      <text bytes="2128" sha1="qkxedhjr1hnx9wo8rr06ozzfwq9hsa5" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Ingredient summary
| Category = Herbs and spices
}}

{{Ingredient}}

'''Atama''', also called '''banga leaf''', '''(o)beletientien''', or '''(o)belete''', is the leaf of ''Heinsia crinita.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Beletientien / Atama |url=https://clovegarden.com/ingred/gn_beletz.html |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=clovegarden.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-04-14 |title=How to Prepare Atama Soup with Waterleaf - The Pretend Chef |url=https://www.thepretendchef.com/atama-soup-using-waterleaf/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=www.thepretendchef.com |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is cultivated around the Niger river delta.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Characteristics ==
Generally speaking, the leaf is quite aromatic,&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; though some varieties are more so than others.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-11-16 |title=Atama leaves – how to identify? |url=https://1qfoodplatter.com/atama-leaves-identify/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=Top Nigerian Food Blog |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; It can be purchased fresh or dry,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; with the fresh product having a stronger flavor than the dry.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Selection and storage ==
The fresh leaves are not widely available outside of their primary region of cultivation in the Niger Delta. Instead, the dried leaves are more common.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; These should be stored like other dried herbs in airtight containers.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Preparation ==
Atama leaves are typically sliced or shredded very thinly with a sharp knife.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; The dried leaves should already be sliced.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Dried leaves may be soaked in water to soften before draining and usage.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Use ==
The leaf is commonly used in Nigerian soups like abak atama, banga soup, and egusi soup.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Substitution ==
While there is no perfect substitution for atama, using 2 parts dried oregano plus 1 part dried mint is a stated substitute.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Recipes ==
&lt;categorytree mode=&quot;all&quot;&gt;Atama recipes&lt;/categorytree&gt;

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>qkxedhjr1hnx9wo8rr06ozzfwq9hsa5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Xeverything11/updates</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>452115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448914</id>
      <parentid>4448592</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T22:23:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>1188004</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Tech News: 2024-49 */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4448914</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="520341" sha1="k5xtph7wx0s6fgsfl33ots0viff91gb" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{User:Xeverything11/tabs}}

{{User:Xeverything11/header|Welcome to|Xeverything11's|updates talk page!|archives=
* [[User talk:Xeverything11/archives/2022|2022]]
* [[User talk:Xeverything11/archives/2023|2023]]
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
__NOTOC__
{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = User talk:Xeverything11/archives/%(year)d
|algo = old(60d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
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}}
== Tech News: 2023-03 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The URLs in &quot;{{int:last}}&quot; links on page history now contain &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=prev&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in place of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;diff=[revision ID]&amp;oldid=[revision ID]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is to fix a problem with links pointing to incorrect diffs when history was filtered by a tag. Some user scripts may break as a result of this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243569]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|changes to the appearance of talk pages]] have only been available on &lt;code&gt;{{ns:1}}:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;{{ns:3}}:&lt;/code&gt; namespaces.  These will be extended to other talk namespaces, such as &lt;code&gt;{{ns:5}}:&lt;/code&gt;.  They will continue to be unavailable in non-talk namespaces, including &lt;code&gt;{{ns:4}}:&lt;/code&gt; pages (e.g., at the Village Pump).  You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|change your preferences]] ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T325417]
*On Wikisources, when an image is zoomed or panned in the Page: namespace, the same zoom and pan settings will be remembered for all Page: namespace pages that are linked to a particular Index: namespace page. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/ProofreadPage/+/868841]
* The Vector 2022 skin will become the default for the English Wikipedia desktop users. The change will take place on January 18 at 15:00 UTC. [[:en:w:Wikipedia:Vector 2022|Learn more]].

'''Future changes'''
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]], which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts next week on 23 January 2023 at 18:00 UTC. You can start drafting your proposals in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:11, 17 January 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-04 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, all wikis were unreachable for logged-in users and non-cached pages. This was caused by a timing issue. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-17_MediaWiki]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* If you have the Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|DiscussionTools]] enabled, the appearance of talk pages will add more information about discussion activity. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Usability#Status][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317907]
* The 2023 edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey]] (CWS), which invites contributors to make technical proposals and vote for tools and improvements, starts on Monday 23 January 2023 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496814 18:00 UTC]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:46, 23 January 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-05 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, for ~15 minutes, some users were unable to log in or edit pages. This was caused by a problem with session storage. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-01-24_sessionstore_quorum_issues]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-01-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Wikis that use localized numbering schemes for references need to add new CSS. This will help to show citation numbers the same way in all reading and editing modes. If your wiki would prefer to do it yourselves, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|details and example CSS to copy from]], and also add your wiki to the list. Otherwise, the developers will directly help out starting the week of February 5.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:06, 31 January 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-06 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Sweden Finns' Day]] '''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fi:Ruotsinsuomalaisten päivä]]) ([[:sv:Sverigefinnarnas dag]])''&lt;/small&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Sverigefinskaflaggan.svg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Sweden Finns' Day''' (Finnish: Ruotsinsuomalaisten päivä, Swedish: Sverigefinnarnas dag) is an anniversary celebrated in Sweden on 24 February. The anniversary of the calendar was approved by the Swedish Academy in 2010 and was celebrated for the first time in 2011. February 24 was chosen as the birthday of Carl Axel Gottlund, a collector of folk poetry and a defender of the status of the Finnish language. The purpose of the day is to celebrate the Sweden Finns and to recognize their history, language and culture as a prominent part of Sweden's cultural heritage. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:04, 6 February 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-06 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022 skin]], logged-out users using the full-width toggle will be able to see the setting of their choice even after refreshing pages or opening new ones. This only applies to wikis where Vector 2022 is the default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321498]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Previously, we announced when some wikis would be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. These switches will not be announced any more, as the read-only time has become non-significant. Switches will continue to happen at 7AM UTC on Tuesdays and Thursdays. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292543#8568433]
* Across all the wikis, in the Vector 2022 skin, logged-in users will see the page-related links such as &quot;What links here&quot; in a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Features/Page_tools|new side menu]]. It will be displayed on the other side of the screen. This change had previously been made on Czech, English, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328692]
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] will stop receiving new proposals on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1675706431 Monday, 6 February 2023, at 18:00 UTC]. Proposers should complete any edits by then, to give time for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/Help_us|translations]] and review. Voting will begin on Friday, 10 February.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts will be changing to load on desktop and mobile sites. Previously they would only load on the desktop site. It is recommended that wiki administrators audit the [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition|gadget definitions]] prior to this change, and add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins=…&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for any gadgets which should not load on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610 More details are available].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 10:21, 6 February 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-07 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Delivery robot]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Woman Takes Groceries from Dax Delivery Robot.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
A '''delivery robot''' is an autonomous robot that provides &quot;last mile&quot; delivery services. An operator may monitor and take control of the robot remotely in certain situations that the robot cannot resolve by itself such as when it is stuck in an obstacle. Delivery robots can be used in different settings such as food delivery, package delivery, hospital delivery, and room service. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:26, 13 February 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-07 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* On wikis where patrolled edits are enabled, changes made to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list|mentor list]] by autopatrolled mentors are not correctly marked as patrolled. It will be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328444]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Reply tool and other parts of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Mobile|DiscussionTools]] will be deployed for all editors using the mobile site.  You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|read more about this decision]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298060]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:49, 14 February 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-08 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Buddha Dhatu Jadi]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Swarno Mandir.JPG|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Buddha Dhatu Jadi''' (Bengali: বুদ্ধ ধাতু জাদি; Burmese: ဗုဒ္ဓဓာတုစေတီ also known as the Bandarban Golden Temple) is located close to Balaghata town, in Bandarban City, in Bangladesh. Dhatu are the material remains of a holy person, and in this temple the relics belong to Buddha. It is the largest Theravada Buddhist temple in Bangladesh and has the second-largest Buddha statue in the country.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:18, 20 February 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-08 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, during planned maintenance of Cloud Services, unforeseen complications forced the team to turn off all tools for 2–3 hours to prevent data corruption. Work is ongoing to prevent similar problems in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329535] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
*The voting phase for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023|Community Wishlist Survey 2023]] ends on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677261621 24 February at 18:00 UTC]. The results of the survey will be announced on 28 February.

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328287][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327920][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:58, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-09 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Alina Scholtz]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Alina Scholtz''' (24 September 1908 – 25 February 1996) was a Polish landscape architect, known as one of country's pioneers in developing the field. Throughout her career she worked on various public and private projects for cemeteries, parks and green spaces. Some of her most noted works include the grounds of a villa on Kielecka Street in Warsaw for which she won a Silver Medal at the 1937 World Exhibition in Paris, the memorial cemetery to the victims of the Palmiry massacre, and landscaping projects along the East-West traffic route of Warsaw. In addition to her design work, she served as one of the founding members of the International Federation of Landscape Architects. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:04, 27 February 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-09 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, in some areas of the world, there were problems with loading pages for 20 minutes and saving edits for 55 minutes. These issues were caused by a problem with our caching servers due to unforseen events during a routine maintenance task. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_wiki_outage][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-02-22_read_only] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-02-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 1. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1677679222 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 27 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24634242 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-10 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Mary Nzimiro]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Mary Nzimiro''', birthname Mary Nwametu Onumonu, MBE (1898–1993) was a pioneering Nigerian businesswoman, politician and women's activist. In 1948, she was appointed principal representative of the United Africa Company (UAC) for Eastern Nigeria, while maintaining textile and cosmetics retail outlets of her own in Port Harcourt, Aba and Owerri. By the early 1950s, she was among the richest individuals in West Africa, becoming a resident of the exclusive Bernard Carr Street in Port Harcourt. On the political front, she was a member of the influential National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons, becoming a member of its executive committee in 1957 and vice-president of the NCNC Estern Women's Association in 1962. During the Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970), she organized Igbo women in support of the Biafrans. As a result she lost most of her property in Port Harcourt and returned to her native Oguta where she died in 1993. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:47, 6 March 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-10 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Community Wishlist Survey 2023 edition has been concluded. Community Tech has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|published the results]] of the survey and will provide an update on what is next in April 2023.
* On wikis which use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Writing_systems|LanguageConverter]] to handle multiple writing systems, articles which used custom conversion rules in the wikitext (primarily on Chinese Wikipedia) would have these rules applied inconsistently in the table of contents, especially in the Vector 2022 skin. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306862]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* A search system has been added to the [[Special:Preferences|Preferences screen]]. This will let you find different options more easily. Making it work on mobile devices will happen soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313804]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:50, 6 March 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-11 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Elizabeth Langdon Williams]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Elizabeth Langdon Williams.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Elizabeth Langdon Williams''' (February 8, 1879 in Putnam, Connecticut – 1981 in Enfield, New Hampshire) was an American human computer and astronomer whose work helped lead to the discovery of Pluto, or Planet X. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:21, 13 March 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-11 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-cbk_zamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cdowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cebwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-chywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ckbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-csbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304542][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304550] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:20, 13 March 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-12 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier]] '''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Peerless Quartet - I Didn't Raise my Boy to be a Soldier.ogg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
an American anti-war song that was influential within the pacifist movement that existed in the United States before it entered World War I. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:31, 20 March 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-12 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Last week, some users experienced issues loading image thumbnails. This was due to incorrectly cached images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331820]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A link to the user's [[{{#special:CentralAuth}}]] page will appear on [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] — some user scripts which previously added this link may cause conflicts. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Admins and patrollers/Add link to CentralAuth on Special:Contributions|voted #17 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[{{#special:AbuseFilter}}]] edit window will be resizable and larger by default. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Make the AbuseFilter edit window resizable and larger by default|voted #80 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].
* There will be a new option for Administrators when they are unblocking a user, to add the unblocked user’s user page to their watchlist. This will work both via [[{{#special:Unblock}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257662]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679677204 24 March at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Office Hours|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:26, 21 March 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-13 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:es:Diana Aguavil]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Diana Aguavil]]) ([[:pt:Diana Aguavil]])        ''&lt;/small&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Diana Aguavil.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Diana Alexandra Aguavil Calazacón''' (born 7 August 1983) is an Ecuadorian indigenous leader, since 25 August 2018, the first female governor of the Tsáchila nationality after 104 years of male administrations and winning the 2018 Tsáchila election. She was also the second woman to become a candidate.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:39, 27 March 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-13 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] condition limit was increased from 1000 to 2000. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309609]
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter#Locally disabled actions|Some Global AbuseFilter]] actions will no longer apply to local projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332521]
* Desktop users are now able to subscribe to talk pages by clicking on the {{int:discussiontools-newtopicssubscription-button-subscribe-label}} link in the {{int:toolbox}} menu. If you subscribe to a talk page, you receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when new topics are started on that talk page. This is separate from putting the page on your watchlist or subscribing to a single discussion. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263821]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-03-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.40/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* You will be able to choose [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diffs]] on all [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Page history|history pages]] at the Wiktionaries and Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314588]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The legacy [[mw:Mobile Content Service|Mobile Content Service]] is going away in July 2023. Developers are encouraged to switch to Parsoid or another API before then to ensure service continuity. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/4MVQQTONJT7FJAXNVOFV3WWVVMCHRINE/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:14, 28 March 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-14 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The system for automatically creating categories for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel]] extension has had several important changes and fixes. One of them allows you to insert templates for automatic category descriptions on creation, allowing you to categorize the new categories. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211665][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T64714][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170654][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184941][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33074]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Some older [[w:en:Web browser|Web browsers]] will stop being able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis from this week. This mainly affects users of Internet Explorer 11. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can try to upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178356]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The deprecated &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.hoverIntent&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module has been removed. This module could be used by gadgets and user scripts, to create an artificial delay in how JavaScript responds to a hover event. Gadgets and user scripts should now use jQuery &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;hover()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;on()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Examples can be found in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#jquery.hoverIntent|migration guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311194]
* Some of the links in [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] will be re-arranged. There will be a clearer separation between links that relate to all users, and links related to your own user account. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333242]
* You will be able to hide the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|Reply button]] in archived discussion pages with a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__ARCHIVEDTALK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word.  There will also be a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mw-archivedtalk&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class for hiding the Reply button in individual sections on a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249293][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295553][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/DiscussionTools/+/738221]

'''Future changes'''
* The Vega software that creates data visualizations in pages, such as graphs, will be upgraded to the newest version in the future. Graphs that still use the very old version 1.5 syntax may stop working properly. Most existing uses have been found and updated, but you can help to check, and to update any local documentation. [[phab:T260542|Examples of how to find and fix these graphs are available]]. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:40, 3 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24820268 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-15 {{User:Xeverything11/tags/updates}} ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] In the visual editor, it is now possible to edit captions of images in galleries without opening the gallery dialog. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Editing/Editable gallery captions in Visual Editor|voted #61 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190224]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] You can now receive notifications when another user edits your user page. See the &quot;{{int:Echo-category-title-edit-user-page}}&quot; option in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|your Preferences]]. This feature request was [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Anti-harassment/Notifications for user page edits|voted #3 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T3876]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem with all types of CentralNotice banners still being shown to logged-in users even if they had [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-centralnotice-banners|turned off]] specific banner types. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331671]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-arywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dinwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-elwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-emlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-etwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-euwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-extwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tumwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ffwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiu_vrowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-furwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gcrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-glkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gotwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-guwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304551][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308133]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:05, 10 April 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-16 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:it:Lucy Salani]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Lucy Salani]]) ([[:fr:Lucy Salani]])        ''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Lucy Salani.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Lucy Salani''' was an Italian activist and is considered the only Italian transgender person to have survived the Nazi concentration camps.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:06, 17 April 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* You can now see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Show_nearby_articles|nearby articles on a Kartographer map]] with the button for the new feature &quot;{{int:Kartographer-sidebar-nearbybutton}}&quot;. Six wikis have been testing this feature since October. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Nearby_articles#Implementation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334079]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] page now has links for &quot;{{int:globalwatchlist-markpageseen}}&quot; for each entry. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Button to mark a single change as read in the global watch list|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334246]

'''Problems'''
* At Wikimedia Commons, some thumbnails have not been getting replaced correctly after a new version of the image is uploaded. This should be fixed later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331138][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333042]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] For the last few weeks, some external tools had inconsistent problems with logging-in with OAuth. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332650]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:55, 18 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24881071 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-17 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:ca:María Fernanda Castro Maya]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:pt:María Fernanda Castro Maya]]) ([[:eu:María Fernanda Castro Maya]])        ''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''María Fernanda Castro Maya''' is a Mexican self-advocate disability rights activist.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:55, 24 April 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The date-selection menu on pages such as [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] will now show year-ranges that are in the current and past decade, instead of the current and future decade. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Change year range shown in date selection popup|voted #145 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]].  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334316]

'''Problems'''
* Due to security issues with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]], graphs have been disabled in all Wikimedia projects. Wikimedia Foundation teams are working to respond to these vulnerabilities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940]
* For a few days, it was not possible to save some kinds of edits on the mobile version of a wiki. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334797][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334799][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334794]

'''Changes later this week'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on April 26. This is planned for [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682517653 14:00 UTC]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-04-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* The Editing team plans an A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|a usability analysis of the Talk page project]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|planned measurements are available]]. Your wiki [[phab:T332946|may be invited to participate]]. Please suggest improvements to the measurement plan at [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/Usability|the discussion page]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024|The Wikimedia Foundation annual plan 2023-2024 draft is open for comment and input]] until May 19. The final plan will be published in July 2023 on Meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:04, 24 April 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=24933592 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-18 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Sonia Orbuch]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Sonia Shainwald Orbuch''' (born Sarah Shainwald, May 24, 1925 – September 30, 2018) was an American Holocaust educator. During the Second World War she was a Jewish resistance fighter in eastern Poland.

Orbuch hid in the forests of Poland with her family during the Second World War. She joined a group of Soviet partisans, being renamed Sonia in case she was captured, and helped fight against the Germans. After the war, she returned home, where she met her future husband. After having a daughter in a refugee camp in Germany, the family eventually emigrated to the United States.

She spent the rest of life in public engagement, speaking about her experiences and in 2009, published her autobiography, Here, There Are No Sarahs: A Woman's Courageous Fight Against the Nazis and Her Bittersweet Fulfillment of the American Dream. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 06:24, 1 May 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the French and Italian Wikipedias. More languages will be added in the near future. This is part of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243711][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270490][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[:commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2commons]] tool has been updated. This fixed several bugs related to YouTube uploads. [https://github.com/toolforge/video2commons/pull/162/commits]
* The [[{{#special:Preferences}}]] page has been redesigned on mobile web. The new design makes it easier to browse the different categories and settings at low screen widths. You can also now access the page via a link in the Settings menu in the mobile web sidebar. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Content_moderation_on_mobile_web/Preferences]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:45, 2 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-19 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Nadia Ghulam]]'''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;''([[:fr:Nadia Ghulam]]) ([[:es:Nadia Ghulam]]) ([[:ca:Nadia Ghulam]])''&lt;/small&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Nadia Ghulam (cropped).jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Nadia Ghulam Dastgir''' is an Afghan woman who spent ten years posing as her dead brother to evade the Taliban's strictures against women. Her book about her experiences, written with Agnès Rotger and published in 2010, El secret del meu turbant (The Secret of My Turban), won the Prudenci Bertrana Prize for fiction. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:37, 8 May 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Last week, Community Tech released the first update for providing [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diffs]], the #1 request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey. [[phab:T324759|This update]] adds legends and tooltips to inline diffs so that users unfamiliar with the blue and yellow highlights can better understand the type of edits made.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] When you close an image that is displayed via MediaViewer, it will now return to the wiki page instead of going back in your browser history. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Return to the article when closing the MediaViewer|voted #65 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T236591]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|SyntaxHighlight]] extension now supports &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;wikitext&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; as a selected language. Old alternatives that were used to highlight wikitext, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html5&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;moin&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;html+handlebars&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, can now be replaced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29828]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating pages with preloaded text|Preloading text to new pages/sections]] now supports preloading from localized MediaWiki interface messages. [https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Martin_Urbanec_(WMF)?action=edit&amp;section=new&amp;preload=MediaWiki:July Here is an example] at the {{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}} that uses &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;preload=MediaWiki:July&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330337]

'''Problems'''
* Graph Extension update: Foundation developers have completed upgrading the visualization software to Vega5. Existing community graphs based on Vega2 are no longer compatible. Communities need to update local graphs and templates, and shared lua modules like &lt;bdi lang=&quot;de&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:de:Modul:Graph]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The [https://vega.github.io/vega/docs/porting-guide/ Vega Porting guide] provides the most comprehensive detail on migration from Vega2 and [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Graph:PageViews&amp;action=history here is an example migration]. Vega5 has currently just been enabled on mediawiki.org to provide a test environment for communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940#8813922]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Until now, all new OAuth apps went through manual review. Starting this week, apps using identification-only or basic authorizations will not require review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67750]

'''Future changes'''
* During the next year, MediaWiki will stop using IP addresses to identify logged-out users, and will start automatically assigning unique temporary usernames. Read more at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates|IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates]]. You can [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#What should it look like?|join the discussion]] about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Updates#What will temporary usernames look like?|format of the temporary usernames]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332805]
* There will be an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on 10 Wikipedias where the Vector 2022 skin is the default skin. Half of logged-in desktop users will see an interface where the different parts of the page are more clearly separated. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2023-05 Zebra9 A/B test|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333180][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335972]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] &lt;code&gt;jquery.tipsy&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from the MediaWiki core. This will affect some user scripts. Many lines with &lt;code&gt;.tipsy(&lt;/code&gt; can be commented out. &lt;code&gt;OO.ui.PopupWidget&lt;/code&gt; can be used to keep things working like they are now. You can [[phab:T336019|read more]] and [[:mw:Help:Locating broken scripts|read about how to find broken scripts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336019]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:36, 9 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-20 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Purple Day]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Epilepsy Warrior Brooch May 2018 Purple Day.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Purple Day''' is a global grassroots event that was formed with the intention to increase worldwide awareness of epilepsy, and to dispel common myths and fears of this neurological disorder. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:17, 15 May 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Citations that are automatically generated based on [[d:Q33057|ISBN]] are currently broken. This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts. Work is ongoing to restore this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298] 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-gorwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hakwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hifwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hsbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-htwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-igwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ilowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-inhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jvwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308134] 

'''Future changes'''
* There is a recently formed team at the Wikimedia Foundation which will be focusing on experimenting with new tools. Currently they are building [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI|a prototype ChatGPT plugin that allows information generated by ChatGPT to be properly attributed]] to the Wikimedia projects.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and userscript developers should replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; library will be removed in ~1 month, and staff developers will run a script to replace any remaining uses at that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336018]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:45, 15 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The &quot;recent edits&quot; time period for page watchers is now 30 days. It used to be 180 days. This was a [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Change information about the number of watchers on a page|Community Wishlist Survey proposal]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336250]

'''Changes later this week'''
* An [[mw:special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Impact|improved impact module]] will be available at Wikipedias. The impact module is a feature available to newcomers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer homepage|at their personal homepage]]. It will show their number of edits, how many readers their edited pages have, how many thanks they have received and similar things. It is also accessible by accessing Special:Impact. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W21&quot;/&gt;

16:55, 22 May 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-22 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Valencian Art Nouveau]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:es:Modernismo valenciano]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Santuario Novelda.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Valencian Art Nouveau''' (Spanish: modernismo valenciano, Valencian: modernisme valencià), is the historiographic denomination given to an art and literature movement associated with the Art Nouveau in the Valencian Community, in Spain.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:46, 29 May 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Citations can once again be added automatically from ISBNs, thanks to Zotero's ISBN searches. The current data sources are the Library of Congress (United States), the Bibliothèque nationale de France (French National Library), and K10plus ISBN (German repository). Additional data source searches can be [[mw:Citoid/Creating Zotero translators|proposed to Zotero]]. The ISBN labels in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]] will reappear later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336298#8859917]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The page [[{{#special:EditWatchlist}}]] now has &quot;{{int:watchlistedit-normal-check-all}}&quot; options to select all the pages within a namespace. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Notifications, Watchlists and Talk Pages/Watchlist edit - &quot;check all&quot; checkbox|voted #161 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334252]	

'''Problems'''
* For a few days earlier this month, the &quot;Add interlanguage link&quot; item in the Tools menu did not work properly. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337081]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-05-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/small.dblist small] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/medium.dblist medium] wikis this week. Large wikis will follow in the coming weeks. This is part of the effort to move Parsoid into MediaWiki core. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:04, 29 May 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25079963 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-23 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:pt:Alessandra Korap]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Alessandra Korap]])         ''&lt;/small&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Alessandra Korap''' is an indigenous leader and Brazilian environmental activist from the Munduruku ethnic group. Her main work is defending the demarcation of indigenous territory and denouncing the illegal exploitation and activities of the mining and logging industries. Alessandra is internationally recognized for her work.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:33, 5 June 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe|RealMe]] extension allows you to mark URLs on your user page as verified for Mastodon and similar software.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] Citation and footnote editing can now be started from the reference list when using the visual editor. This feature request was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Citations/Allow citations to be edited in the references section with VisualEditor|voted #2 in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T54750]
* Previously, clicking on someone else's link to Recent Changes with filters applied within the URL could unintentionally change your preference for &quot;{{int:Rcfilters-group-results-by-page}}&quot;. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202916#8874081]

'''Problems'''
* For a few days last week, some tools and bots returned outdated information due to database replication problems, and may have been down entirely while it was being fixed. These issues have now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337446]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Bots will no longer be prevented from making edits because of URLs that match the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SpamBlacklist|spam blacklist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313107]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:52, 5 June 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25114640 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-24 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Cassinga Day]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Cassinga Day''' is a national public holiday in Namibia remembering the Cassinga Massacre. Commemorated annually on 4 May, the date &quot;remembers those (approximately 600) killed in 1978 when the South African Defence Force attacked a SWAPO base at Cassinga in southern Angola&quot;. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:07, 12 June 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] The content attribution tools [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Who Wrote That?|Who Wrote That?]], [[xtools:authorship|XTools Authorship]], and [[xtools:blame|XTools Blame]] now support the Dutch, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish and Portuguese Wikipedias. This was the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Reading/Extend &quot;Who Wrote That?&quot; tool to more wikis|#7 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334891]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Search Improvements#Search Preview panel|Search Preview panel]] has been deployed on four Wikipedias (Catalan, Dutch, Hungarian and Norwegian). The panel will show an image related to the article (if existing), the top sections of the article, related images (coming from MediaSearch on Commons), and eventually the sister projects associated with the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306341]
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:RealMe#Verifying_a_link_on_non-user_pages|RealMe]] extension now allows administrators to verify URLs for any page, for Mastodon and similar software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324937]
* The default project license [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimediaannounce-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/7G6XPWZPQFLZ2JANN3ZX6RT4DVUI3HZQ/ has been officially upgraded] to CC BY-SA 4.0. The software interface messages have been updated. Communities should feel free to start updating any mentions of the old CC BY-SA 3.0 licensing within policies and related documentation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319064]

'''Problems'''
* For three days last month, some Wikipedia pages edited with VisualEditor or DiscussionTools had an unintended &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__TOC__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (or its localized form) added during an edit. There is [[mw:Parsoid/Deployments/T336101_followup|a listing of affected pages sorted by wiki]], that may still need to be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336101]
* Currently, the &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is broken. Existing &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; keywords incorrectly appear as missing templates in VisualEditor. Developers are exploring how to fix this. In the meantime, those wishing to edit the default sortkey of a page are advised to switch to source editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Last week, an update to the delete form may have broken some gadgets or user scripts. If you need to manipulate (empty) the reason field, replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;#wpReason &gt; input&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. See [https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3AGadget-CleanDeleteReasons.js&amp;diff=22859956&amp;oldid=12794189 an example fix]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337809]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* VisualEditor will be switched to a new backend on English Wikipedia on Monday, and all other [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/source/mediawiki-config/browse/master/dblists/large.dblist large] wikis on Thursday. The change should have no noticeable effect on users, but if you experience any slow loading or other strangeness when using VisualEditor, please report it on the phabricator ticket linked here. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320529]

'''Future changes'''
* From 5 June to 17 July, the Foundation's [[:mw:Wikimedia Security Team|Security team]] is holding a consultation with contributors regarding a draft policy to govern the use of third-party resources in volunteer-developed gadgets and scripts. Feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|Third-party resources policy]] on meta-wiki.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:52, 12 June 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25133779 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Flame graphs are now available in WikimediaDebug. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JXNQD3EHG5V5QW5UXFDPSHQG4MJ3FWJQ/][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2023/06/08/flame-graphs-arrive-in-wikimediadebug/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.
* There is now a toolbar search popup in the visual editor. You can trigger it by typing &lt;code&gt;\&lt;/code&gt; or pressing &lt;code&gt;ctrl + shift + p&lt;/code&gt;. It can help you quickly access most tools in the editor. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Visual_editor_toolbar_search_feature.png][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66905]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:09, 19 June 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25159510 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-26 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Rawon]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Rawon Setan.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Rawon''' (Javanese: ꦫꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀) is an Indonesian beef soup. Originating from East Java, rawon utilizes the black keluak nut as the main seasoning, which gives a dark color and nutty flavor to the soup. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:18, 26 June 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Action API modules and Special:LinkSearch will now add a trailing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to all &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prop=extlinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; responses for bare domains. This is part of the work to remove duplication in the &lt;code&gt;externallinks&lt;/code&gt; database table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337994]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, search was broken on Commons and Wikidata for 23 hours. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339810][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2023-06-18_search_broken_on_wikidata_and_commons]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-06-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Minerva skin now applies more predefined styles to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.mbox-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; CSS class. This enables support for mbox templates that use divs instead of tables. Please make sure that the new styles won't affect other templates in your wiki. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/skins/MinervaNeue/+/930901/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T339040]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadgets will now load on both desktop and mobile by default. Previously, gadgets loaded only on desktop by default. Changing this default using the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|targets=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter is also deprecated and should not be used. You should make gadgets work on mobile or disable them based on the skin (with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;|skins=&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; parameter in &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition&lt;/bdi&gt;) rather than whether the user uses the mobile or the desktop website. Popular gadgets that create errors on mobile will be disabled by developers on the Minerva skin as a temporary solution. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127268]
* All namespace tabs now have the same browser [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Keyboard_shortcuts|access key]] by default. Previously, custom and extension-defined namespaces would have to have their access keys set manually on-wiki, but that is no longer necessary. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T22126]
* The review form of the Flagged Revisions extension now uses the standardized [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|user interface components]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the parser's HTML output will change in the coming weeks at [[:wikitech:Deployments/Train#Thursday|group2 wikis]]. This change improves the accessibility of content. You may need to update your site-CSS, or userscripts and gadgets. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Media_structure/FAQ|details on what code to check, how to update the code, and where to report any related problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T314318]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:19, 26 June 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25202311 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-27 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Hook echo]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Tornadic classic supercell radar.gif|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
A '''hook echo''' is a pendant or hook-shaped weather radar signature as part of some supercell thunderstorms. It is found in the lower portions of a storm as air and precipitation flow into a mesocyclone, resulting in a curved feature of reflectivity. The echo is produced by rain, hail, or even debris being wrapped around the supercell 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:18, 3 July 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the rolling out of the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposal, [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/small.dblist small wikis] will now be able to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline audio player mode|inline audio player]] that is implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] From this week all gadgets automatically load on mobile and desktop sites. If you see any problems with gadgets on your wikis, please adjust the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|gadget options]] in your gadget definitions file. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328610]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:51, 3 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Data Across Wikimedia/Section-level Image Suggestions|Section-level Image Suggestions feature]] has been deployed on seven Wikipedias (Portuguese, Russian, Indonesian, Catalan, Hungarian, Finnish and Norwegian Bokmål). The feature recommends images for articles on contributors' watchlists that are a good match for individual sections of those articles.
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global abuse filters]] have been enabled on all Wikimedia projects, except English and Japanese Wikipedias (who opted out). This change was made following a [[:m:Requests for comment/Make global abuse filters opt-out|global request for comments]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341159]
* [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] is a new tool for administrators to help fight spam. It provides a clearer interface for blocking plain domains (and their subdomains), is more easily searchable, and is faster for the software to process for each edit on the wiki. It does not support regex (for complex cases), nor URL path-matching, nor the [[MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist|MediaWiki:Spam-whitelist]], but otherwise it replaces most of the functionalities of the existing [[MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist|MediaWiki:Spam-blacklist]]. There is a Python script to help migrate all simple domains into this tool, and more feature details, within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:BlockedExternalDomains|the tool's documentation]]. It is available at all wikis except for Meta-wiki, Commons, and Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337431]
* The WikiEditor extension was updated. It includes some of the most frequently used features of wikitext editing. In the past, many of its messages could only be translated by administrators, but now all regular translators on translatewiki can translate them. Please check [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=ext-wikieditor&amp;messages=&amp;x=D#sortable:0=asc the state of WikiEditor localization into your language], and if the &quot;Completion&quot; for your language shows anything less than 100%, please complete the translation. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/D4YELU2DXMZ75PGELUOKXXMFF3FH45XA/ a more detailed explanation].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The default protocol of [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and API counterparts has changed from http to both http and https. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14810]
* [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]] and its API counterparts will now search for all of the URL provided in the query. It used to be only the first 60 characters. This feature was requested fifteen years ago. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T17218]

'''Future changes'''
* There is an experiment with a [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin. This is to show users where the information is coming from when they read information from Wikipedia. It has been tested by Wikimedia Foundation staff and other Wikimedians. Soon all ChatGPT plugin users can use the Wikipedia plugin. This is the same plugin which was mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/20|Tech News 2023/20]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]
* There is an ongoing discussion on a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Third-party resources policy|proposed Third-party resources policy]]. The proposal will impact the use of third-party resources in gadgets and userscripts. Based on the ideas received so far, policy includes some of the risks related to user scripts and gadgets loading third-party resources, some best practices and exemption requirements such as code transparency and inspectability. Your feedback and suggestions are warmly welcome until July 17, 2023 on [[m:Talk:Third-party resources policy|on the policy talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:54, 10 July 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25278797 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-29 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Esther Cooper Jackson]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fr:Esther Cooper Jackson]]) ([[:simple:Esther Cooper Jackson]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Esther Cooper Jackson, 1968, Great Barrington.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Esther Victoria Cooper Jackson''' was an American civil rights activist and social worker. She was one of the founding editors of the magazine Freedomways. She also was an organizational and executive secretary at the Southern Negro Youth Congress.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:14, 17 July 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] We are now serving 1% of all global user traffic from [[w:en:Kubernetes|Kubernetes]] (you can [[wikitech:MediaWiki On Kubernetes|read more technical details]]). We are planning to increment this percentage regularly. You can [[phab:T290536|follow the progress of this work]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message|system messages]] will now look for available local fallbacks, instead of always using the default fallback defined by software. This means wikis no longer need to override each language on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback_languages|fallback chain]] separately. For example, English Wikipedia doesn't have to create &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-ca&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;en-gb&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; subpages with a transclusion of the base pages anymore. This makes it easier to maintain local overrides. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229992]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthsetmentorstatus&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API will be deprecated with the new MediaWiki version. Bots or scripts calling that API should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;action=growthmanagementorlist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; API now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T321503]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:08, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25289122 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-30 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Cut of pork]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:American Pork Cuts.svg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''cuts of pork''' are the different parts of the pig which are consumed as food by humans. The terminology and extent of each cut varies from country to country. There are between four and six primal cuts, which are the large parts in which the pig is first cut: the shoulder (blade and picnic), loin, belly (spare ribs and side) and leg 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:21, 24 July 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]   On July 18, the Wikimedia Foundation launched a survey about the [[:mw:Technical_decision_making|technical decision making process]] for people who do technical work that relies on software that is maintained by the Foundation or affiliates. If this applies to you, [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/885471 please take part in the survey]. The survey will be open for three weeks, until August 7. You can find more information in [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/Q7DUCFA75DXG3G2KHTO7CEWMLCYTSDB2/|the announcement e-mail on wikitech-l]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-07-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:20, 25 July 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25332248 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-31 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Gunhild Cross]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Gunhildkorset.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Gunhild Cross''' (Danish: Gunhildkorset), named for its first owner, Gunhild, a daughter of Svend III of Denmark, is a mid-12th-century crucifix carved in walrus tusk and with both Latin and Runic inscriptions. It is now in the collection of the National Museum of Denmark. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:48, 31 July 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Synchronizer|Synchronizer]] tool is now available to keep Lua modules synced across Wikimedia wikis, along with [[mw:Multilingual Templates and Modules|updated documentation]] to develop global Lua modules and templates.
* The tag filter on [[{{#special:NewPages}}]] and revision history pages can now be inverted. For example, you can hide edits that were made using an automated tool. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334337][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334338]
* The Wikipedia [[:w:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] plugin experiment can now be used by ChatGPT users who can use plugins. You can participate in a [[:m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future Audiences#Announcing monthly Future Audiences open &quot;office hours&quot;|video call]] if you want to talk about this experiment or similar work. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Annual_Plan/2023-2024/Draft/Future_Audiences#FA2.2_Conversational_AI]

'''Problems'''
* It was not possible to generate a PDF for pages with non-Latin characters in the title, for the last two weeks. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342442]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Tuesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-kawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kaawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kbpwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-knwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kshwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kuwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kwwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308135] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:54, 31 July 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-32 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Polyura athamas]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Close wing mud-puddling position of Charaxes bharata (C.&amp; R. Felder,1867) - Indian Nawab.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''''Polyura athamas''''', the common nawab, is a species of fast-flying canopy butterfly found in tropical Asia. It belongs to the Charaxinae (rajahs and nawabs) in the brush-footed butterfly family (Nymphalidae). 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 03:14, 7 August 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Mobile Web editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile_contributions#August_1,_2023_-_Full-page_editing_added_on_mobile|edit a whole page at once]]. To use this feature, turn on &quot;{{int:Mobile-frontend-mobile-option-amc}}&quot; in your settings and use the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; button in the &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203151]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:21, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-33 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Women's page]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:&quot;Doings in Pittsburg Society&quot; The Pittsburg Press February 1, 1920.png|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''women's page''' (sometimes called home page or women's section) of a newspaper was a section devoted to covering news assumed to be of interest to women. Women's pages started out in the 19th century as society pages and eventually morphed into features sections in the 1970s. Although denigrated during much of that period, they had a significant impact on journalism and in their communities. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:51, 14 August 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Content translation system is no longer using Youdao's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Initial_machine_translation|machine translation service]]. The service was in place for several years, but due to no usage, and availability of alternatives, it was deprecated to reduce maintenance overheads. Other services which cover the same languages are still available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329137]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ladwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lbewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lezwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lfnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-liwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lijwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lmowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ltgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-maiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-map_bmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mdfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kywiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308136] &lt;!-- TODO replace wiki codes --&gt;

'''Future changes'''
* A few gadgets/user scripts which add icons to the Minerva skin need to have their CSS updated. There are more details available including a [[phab:T344067|search for all existing instances and how to update them]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 06:00, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25428668 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-34 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Insect toxin]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:de:Insektengift]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:PDB 1lmr EBI.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Insect toxins''' are various protein toxins produced by insect species. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:32, 21 August 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [https://gdrive-to-commons.toolforge.org/ GDrive to Commons Uploader] tool is now available. It enables [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GDrive to Commons Uploader|securely selecting and uploading files]] from your Google Drive directly to Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267868]
* From now on, we will announce new Wikimedia wikis in Tech News, so you can update any tools or pages.
** Since the last edition, two new wikis have been created:
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q7121294|Pa'O]] ([[wikt:blk:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:blk:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343540]
*** a Wikisource in [[d:Q34002|Sundanese]] ([[s:su:|&lt;code&gt;s:su:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343539]
** To catch up, the next most recent six wikis are:
*** Wikifunctions ([[f:|&lt;code&gt;f:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275945]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[wikt:btm:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335216]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q5555465|Ghanaian Pidgin]] ([[w:gpe:|&lt;code&gt;w:gpe:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335969]
*** a Wikinews in [[d:Q3111668|Gungbe]] ([[n:guw:|&lt;code&gt;n:guw:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334394]
*** a Wiktionary in [[d:Q33522|Kabardian]] ([[wikt:kbd:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kbd:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333266]
*** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35570|Fante]] ([[w:fat:|&lt;code&gt;w:fat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335016]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There is an existing [[mw:Stable interface policy|stable interface policy]] for MediaWiki backend code. There is a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Stable interface policy/frontend|proposed stable interface policy for frontend code]]. This is relevant for anyone who works on gadgets or Wikimedia frontend code. You can read it, discuss it, and let the proposer know if there are any problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W34&quot;/&gt;

15:25, 21 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25497111 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-35 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Manchester Blitz]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Air Raid Damage in Britain- Manchester HU49833.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Manchester Blitz''' (also known as the Christmas Blitz) was the heavy bombing of the city of Manchester and its surrounding areas in North West England during the Second World War by the German Luftwaffe. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:16, 28 August 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|better diff handling of paragraph splits]], improved detection of splits is being rolled out. Over the last two weeks, we deployed this support to [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Groups|group0]] and group1 wikis. This week it will be deployed to group2 wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341754]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] All [[{{#special:Contributions}}]] pages now show the user's local edit count and the account's creation date. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T324166]
* Wikisource users can now use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;prpbengalicurrency&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; label to denote Bengali currency characters as page numbers inside the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;pagelist&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tag.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268932]
* Two preferences have been relocated. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-visualeditor}}&quot; is now shown on the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|&quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab]] at all wikis. Previously it was shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab at some wikis. The preference &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-enable}}&quot; is now also shown on the &quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab at all wikis, instead of the &quot;{{int:prefs-betafeatures}}&quot; tab. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335056][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344158]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-08-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] New signups for a Wikimedia developer account will start being pushed towards &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://idm.wikimedia.org/ idm.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, rather than going via Wikitech. [[wikitech:IDM|Further information about the new system is available]].
* All right-to-left language wikis, plus Korean, Armenian, Ukrainian, Russian, and Bulgarian Wikipedias, will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. This feature will come to more wikis in future weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* The removal of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DoubleWiki|DoubleWiki extension]] is being discussed. This extension currently allows Wikisource users to view articles from multiple language versions side by side when the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;=&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; symbol next to a specific language edition is selected. Comments on this are welcomed at [[phab:T344544|the phabricator task]].
* A proposal has been made to merge the second hidden-categories list (which appears below the wikitext editing form) with the main list of categories (which is further down the page). [[phab:T340606|More information is available on Phabricator]]; feedback is welcome!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:00, 28 August 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25510866 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-36 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Ghana Independence Act 1957]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Ghana Independence Act 1957''' is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that granted the Gold Coast fully responsible government within the British Commonwealth of Nations under the name of Ghana 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:18, 4 September 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[m:Wikisource_EditInSequence|EditInSequence]], a feature that allows users to edit pages faster on Wikisource has been moved to a Beta Feature based on community feedback. To enable it, you can navigate to the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features tab in Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308098]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Generate Audio for IPA|Generate Audio for IPA]] and [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Multimedia and Commons/Audio links that play on click|Audio links that play on click]] wishlist proposals, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player mode]] of [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] has been deployed to all projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336763]
* There is a new option for Administrators when they are changing the usergroups for a user, to add the user’s user page to their watchlist. This works both via [[{{#special:UserRights}}]] and via the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272294]
* One new wiki has been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34318|Talysh]] ([[w:tly:|&lt;code&gt;w:tly:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345166]
'''Problems'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:LoginNotify|LoginNotify extension]] was not sending notifications since January. It has now been fixed, so going forward, you may see notifications for failed login attempts, and successful login attempts from a new device. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344785]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-mhrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-miwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-minwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mtwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mwlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-myvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mznwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-napwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ndswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nds_nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-novwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nqowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nrmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nsowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ocwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-olowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-omwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-orwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-oswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pagwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pamwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-papwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pcdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pdcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pflwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pihwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pmswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pnbwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pntwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pswiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308137][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308138]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:34, 4 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25566983 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-37 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Betrayal trauma]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:sv:Svektrauma]]) ([[:ar:صدمة الخيانة]]) ([[:ko:배신 트라우마]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Betrayal trauma''' is defined as a trauma perpetrated by someone with whom the victim is close to and reliant upon for support and survival. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:49, 11 September 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES|ORES]], the revision evaluation service, is now using a new open-source infrastructure on all wikis except for English Wikipedia and Wikidata. These two will follow this week. If you notice any unusual results from the Recent Changes filters that are related to ORES (for example, &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-damaging-title}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:ores-rcfilters-goodfaith-title}}&quot;), please [[mw:Talk:Machine Learning|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342115]
* When you are logged in on one Wikimedia wiki and visit a different Wikimedia wiki, the system tries to log you in there automatically. This has been unreliable for a long time. You can now visit the login page to make the system try extra hard. If you feel that made logging in better or worse than it used to be, your feedback is appreciated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326281]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical decision making|Technical Decision-Making Forum Retrospective]] team invites anyone involved in the technical field of Wikimedia projects to signup to and join [[mw:Technical decision making/Listening Sessions|one of their listening sessions]] on 13 September. Another date will be scheduled later. The goal is to improve the technical decision-making processes.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] As part of the changes for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Better diff handling of paragraph splits|Better diff handling of paragraph splits]] wishlist proposal, the inline switch widget in diff pages is being rolled out this week to all wikis. The inline switch will allow viewers to toggle between a unified inline or two-column diff wikitext format. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336716]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 20 September. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* The Enterprise API is launching a new feature called &quot;[http://breakingnews-beta.enterprise.wikimedia.com/ breaking news]&quot;. Currently in BETA, this attempts to identify likely &quot;newsworthy&quot; topics as they are currently being written about in any Wikipedia. Your help is requested to improve the accuracy of its detection model, especially on smaller language editions, by recommending templates or identifiable editing patterns. See more information at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/Breaking news|the documentation page]] on MediaWiki or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#What is Breaking News|the FAQ]] on Meta.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:08, 11 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25589064 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-38 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:es:Genocidio del Putumayo]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Putumayo genocide]]) ([[:ca:Genocidi del Putumayo]])''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:The Putumayo - the devil's paradise, travels in the Peruvian Amazon Region and an account of the atrocities committed upon the Indians therein (1913) (14782203995).jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Putumayo genocide''' is the term which is used in reference to the enslavement, massacres and ethnocide of the indigenous population of the Amazon at the hands of the Peruvian Amazon Company, specifically in the area between the Putumayo River and the Caquetá River during the Amazon rubber boom period from 1879 to 1912. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 03:38, 18 September 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=25599361 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki now has a [[mw:Stable interface policy/frontend|stable interface policy for frontend code]] that more clearly defines how we deprecate MediaWiki code and wiki-based code (e.g. gadgets and user scripts). Thank you to everyone who contributed to the content and discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346467][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344079]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This is planned at 14:00 UTC.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345263]
* All wikis will have a link in the sidebar that provides a short URL of that page, using the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267921]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The team investigating the Graph Extension posted [[mw:Extension:Graph/Plans#Proposal|a proposal for reenabling it]] and they need your input.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:20, 18 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25623533 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Vector 2022 skin will now remember the pinned/unpinned status for the Table of Contents for all logged-out users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316060]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-09-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mediawiki.ui&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; modules are now deprecated as part of the move to Vue.js and Codex. There is a [[mw:Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. More [[phab:T346468|details are available in the task]] and your questions are welcome there.
* Gadget definitions will have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;namespaces&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of namespace IDs. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages in the given namespaces.

'''Future changes'''
* New variables will be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]]: &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_groups&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;global_account_editcount&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. They are available only when an account is being created. You can use them to prevent blocking automatic creation of accounts when users with many edits elsewhere visit your wiki for the first time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345632][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format]

'''Meetings'''
* You can join the next meeting with the Wikipedia mobile apps teams. During the meeting, we will discuss the current features and future roadmap. The meeting will be on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1698426015 27 October at 17:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Office_Hours#October_2023|details and how to join]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 26 September 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25655264 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-advancedrendering|user preference]] for &quot;{{int:tog-forcesafemode}}&quot;. This setting will make pages load without including any on-wiki JavaScript or on-wiki stylesheet pages. It can be useful for debugging broken JavaScript gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342347]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget definitions now have a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Options|new &quot;&lt;var&gt;contentModels&lt;/var&gt;&quot; option]]. The option takes a list of page content models, like &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;wikitext&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;css&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Gadgets that use this option will only load on pages with the given content models.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Vector 2022 skin will no longer use the custom styles and scripts of Vector legacy (2010). The change will be made later this year or in early 2024. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|how to adjust the CSS and JS pages on your wiki]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T331679]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:27, 3 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25686930 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33291|Fon]] ([[w:fon:|&lt;code&gt;w:fon:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347935]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-warwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-wowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xalwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xhwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-xmfwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-yowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zeawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zh_min_nanwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zuwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308139]
* At some wikis, newcomers are suggested images from Commons to add to articles without any images. Starting on Tuesday, newcomers at these wikis will be able to add images to unillustrated article sections. The specific wikis are listed under &quot;Images recommendations&quot; [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|at the Growth team deployment table]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add an image|learn more about this feature.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345940]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In the mobile web skin (Minerva) the CSS ID &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#page-actions&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be replaced with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-views&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This change is to make it consistent with other skins and to improve support for gadgets and extensions in the mobile skin. A few gadgets may need to be updated; there are [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348267 details and search-links in the task].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:39, 9 October 2023 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-42 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Athyma nefte]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:VB 019 Color Sergeant UP.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''''Athyma nefte''''', the colour sergeant, is a species of brush-footed butterfly found in tropical South and Southeast Asia. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:58, 16 October 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|Unified login]] system's edge login should now be fixed for some browsers (Chrome, Edge, Opera). This means that if you visit a new sister project wiki, you should be logged in automatically without the need to click &quot;Log in&quot; or reload the page. Feedback on whether it's working for you is welcome. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347889]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/Edit_notice|Edit notices]] are now available within the MobileFrontend/Minerva skin. This feature was inspired by [[w:en:Wikipedia:EditNoticesOnMobile|the gadget on English Wikipedia]]. See more details in [[phab:T316178|T316178]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.41/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* In 3 weeks, in the Vector 2022 skin, code related to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;addPortletLink&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#p-namespaces&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; that was deprecated one year ago will be removed. If you notice tools that should appear next to the &quot;Discussion&quot; tab are then missing, please tell the gadget's maintainers to see [[phab:T347907|instructions in the Phabricator task]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:47, 16 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25745824 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-43 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Typhoon Rusa]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Rusa 2002-08-27 0350Z.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Typhoon Rusa''' was the most powerful typhoon to strike South Korea in 43 years. It was the 21st JTWC tropical depression, the 15th named storm, and the 10th typhoon of the 2002 Pacific typhoon season. It developed on August 22 from the monsoon trough in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, well to the southeast of Japan. For several days, Rusa moved to the northwest, eventually intensifying into a powerful typhoon. On August 26, the storm moved across the Amami Islands of Japan, where Rusa left 20,000 people without power and caused two fatalities. Across Japan, the typhoon dropped torrential rainfall peaking at 902 mm (35.5 in) in Tokushima Prefecture. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:50, 23 October 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* There is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language engineering/Newsletter/2023/October|Language and internationalization newsletter]], written quarterly. It contains updates on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects, and related support work.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Source map support has been enabled on all wikis. When you open the debugger in your browser's developer tools, you should be able to see the unminified JavaScript source code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T47514]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:17, 23 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25782286 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-44 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Hein Eersel]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:nl:Hein Eersel]]) ([[:it:Hein Eersel]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:HeinEersel.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Christiaan Hendrik &quot;Hein&quot; Eersel''' was a Surinamese linguist and cultural researcher. He served as Minister of Education and Population Development in the cabinet of acting Prime Minister Arthur Johan May. He was also the first chancellor of the University of Suriname. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:09, 30 October 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The Structured Content team, as part of its project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]], made some UX improvements to the upload step of choosing own vs not own work ([[phab:T347590|T347590]]), as well as to the licensing step for own work ([[phab:T347756|T347756]]).
* The Design Systems team has released version 1.0.0 of [[wmdoc:codex/latest/|Codex]], the new design system for Wikimedia. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design_Systems_Team/Announcing_Codex_1.0|full announcement about the release of Codex 1.0.0]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-10-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* Listings on category pages are sorted on each wiki for that language using a [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|library]]. For a brief period on 2 November, changes to categories will not be sorted correctly for many languages. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the library. They will then use a script to fix the existing categories. This will take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T345561][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] 
* Starting November 1, the impact module (Special:Impact) will be upgraded by the Growth team. The new impact module shows newcomers more data regarding their impact on the wiki. It was tested by a few wikis during the last few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336203]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans#Roadmap|a proposed plan]] for re-enabling the Graph Extension. You can help by reviewing this proposal and [[mw:Extension_talk:Graph/Plans#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20231020221600-Update:_20_October|sharing what you think about it]].
* The WMF is working on making it possible for administrators to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration_2.0|edit MediaWiki configuration directly]]. This is similar to previous work on Special:EditGrowthConfig. [[phab:T349757|A technical RfC is running until November 08, where you can provide feedback.]] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 30 October 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25801989 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, the default font-size of a number of navigational elements (tagline, tools menu, navigational links, and more) has been increased slightly to match the font size used in page content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T346062]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, there was a problem displaying some recent edits on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist a few wikis], for 1-6 hours. The edits were saved but not immediately shown. This was due to a database problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350443]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).
* The Growth team will reassign newcomers from former mentors to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Structured mentor list|the currently active mentors]]. They have also changed the notification language to be more user-friendly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T330071][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327493]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:06, 6 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25838105 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-45 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Reclaim the Night]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:de:Reclaim the Night]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Reclaim the Night 2014.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Reclaim the Night''' is a movement started in Leeds in 1977 as part of the Women's Liberation Movement. Marches demanding that women be able to move throughout public spaces at night took place across England until the 1990s. Later, the organisation was revived and sponsors annual and national marches against rape and violence against women. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 00:40, 8 November 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-46 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Ishe Komborera Africa]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Ishe Komborera Africa.mp3|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
&quot;'''Ishe Komborera Africa'''&quot; (Shona for: God Bless Africa), also called &quot;Ishe Komborera Zimbabwe&quot; (Shona for: God Bless Zimbabwe), was the Zimbabwean national anthem from 1980 to 1994. It was the country's first national anthem after gaining independence in 1980. It is a translation of 19th-century South African schoolteacher Enoch Sontonga's popular African hymn &quot;Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika&quot; into Zimbabwe's native Shona and Ndebele languages. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 00:38, 13 November 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Four new wikis have been created:
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q7598268|Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[w:zgh:|&lt;code&gt;w:zgh:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350216]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q35159|Dagaare]] ([[w:dga:|&lt;code&gt;w:dga:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350218]
** a Wikipedia in [[d:Q33017|Toba Batak]] ([[w:bbc:|&lt;code&gt;w:bbc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350320]
** a Wikiquote in [[d:Q33151|Banjar]] ([[q:bjn:|&lt;code&gt;q:bjn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350217]

'''Problems'''
* Last week, users who previously visited Meta-Wiki or Wikimedia Commons and then became logged out on those wikis could not log in again. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350695]
* Last week, some pop-up dialogs and menus were shown with the wrong font size. The problem is now resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T350544]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]).

'''Future changes'''
* Reference Previews are coming to many wikis as a default feature. They are popups for references, similar to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]]. [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|You can opt out]] of seeing them. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews. [[phab:T282999|Deployment]] is planned for November 22, 2023. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Canary (also known as heartbeat) events will be produced into [https://stream.wikimedia.org/?doc#/streams Wikimedia event streams] from December 11. Streams users are advised to filter out these events, by discarding all events where &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;meta.domain == &quot;canary&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Updates to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] or [https://github.com/ChlodAlejandro/wikimedia-streams wikimedia-streams] will discard these events by default. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266798]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:52, 13 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25859263 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-47 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Bhagavata Mela]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Bhagavata Mela''' is a classical Indian dance that is performed in Tamil Nadu, particularly the Thanjavur area. It is choreographed as an annual Vaishnavism tradition in Melattur and nearby regions, and celebrated as a dance-drama performance art. The dance art has roots in a historic migration of practitioners of Kuchipudi, another Indian classical dance art, from Andhra Pradesh to the kingdom of Tanjavur.

The term Bhagavata, state Brandon and Banham, refers to the Hindu text Bhagavata Purana. Mela is a Sanskrit word that means &quot;gathering, meeting of a group&quot; and connotes a folk festival. The traditional Bhagavata Mela performance acts out the legends of Hinduism, set to the Carnatic style music. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 00:38, 04:07, 20 November 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot; ({{int:project-localized-name-quwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rmywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_rupwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-roa_tarawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ruewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rwwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sahwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-satwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-scowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sdwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-shwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-siwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-skwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-slwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-smwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-srnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-stqwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-suwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-szlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tcywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tetwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tgwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-towiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tpiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ttwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-twwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tyvwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-udmwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ugwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-uzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vecwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vepwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vlswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-vowiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308141][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308142][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308143] 
* The Vector 2022 skin will have some minor visual changes to drop-down menus, column widths, and more. These changes were added to four Wikipedias last week. If no issues are found, these changes will proceed to all wikis this week. These changes will make it possible to add new menus for readability and dark mode. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements/Updates#November_2023:_Visual_changes,_more_deployments,_and_shifting_focus|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347711]

'''Future changes'''
* There is [[mw:Extension talk:Graph/Plans#Update: 15 November|an update on re-enabling the Graph Extension]]. To speed up the process, Vega 2 will not be supported and only [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T335325 some protocols] will be available at launch. You can help by sharing what you think about the plan.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:55, 21 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25884616 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-48 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:fr:Zanskari]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Zaniskari]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Zaniskari Horse in Ladakh, India.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Zaniskari''' or '''Zanskari''' is a breed of small mountain horse or pony from Ladakh, in northern India. It is named for the Zanskar valley or region in Kargil district. It is similar to the Spiti breed of Himachal Pradesh, but is better adapted to work at high altitude. Like the Spiti, it shows similarities to the Tibetan breeds of neighbouring Tibet. It is of medium size, and is often grey in colour. The breed is considered endangered, as there are only a few hundred alive today, and a conservation programme has been started at Padum, Zanskar, in the Kargil district of Ladakh. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:44, 27 November 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-11-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki's JavaScript system will now allow &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;async&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; syntax in gadgets and user scripts. Gadget authors should remember that users' browsers may not support it, so it should be used appropriately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T343499]
* The deployment of &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Add a link]]&quot; announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/47|last week]] was postponed. It will resume this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:09, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25906379 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-49 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Sheikh Hussein]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fr:Sheikh Hussein]]) ([[:it:Scec Hussèn]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Sheikh Hussein.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Sheikh Hussein''' is a town in south-eastern Ethiopia. The site has been recorded in the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage List since 2011 as a religious, cultural and historical site. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:34, 4 December 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The spacing between paragraphs on Vector 2022 has been changed from 7px to 14px to match the size of the text. This will make it easier to distinguish paragraphs from sentences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T351754]
* The &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is working again. You no longer need to switch to source editing to edit &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* On 6 December, people who have the enabled the preference for &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot; will notice the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|talk page usability improvements]] appear on pages that include the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__NEWSECTIONLINK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word. If you notice any issues, please [[phab:T352232|share them with the team on Phabricator]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Grid Engine deprecation|Grid Engine shutdown process]] will start on December 14. Maintainers of [[toolforge:grid-deprecation|tools that still use this old system]] should plan to migrate to Kubernetes, or tell the team your plans on Phabricator in the task about your tool, before that date. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VIWWQKMSQO2ED3TVUR7KPPWRTOBYBVOA/]
* Communities using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions|Structured Discussions]] are being contacted regarding [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|the upcoming deprecation of Structured Discussions]]. You can read more about this project, and share your comments, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|on the project's page]].

'''Events'''
* Registration &amp; Scholarship applications are now open for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2024|Wikimedia Hackathon 2024]] that will take place from 3–5 May in Tallinn, Estonia. Scholarship applications are open until 5 January 2024.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:50, 4 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25914435 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-50 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:fr:Applaudissements aux fenêtres pendant la pandémie de Covid-19]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:es:Aplauso por los trabajadores de la salud]]) ([[:gl:Aplauso ao persoal sanitario]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Koronabirus konfinamendua Lasarten 2020-03-29.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
During the COVID-19 pandemic, applauding daily at a scheduled hour was a gesture of acclamation, recognition and gratitude towards health professionals in tribute to their work at the time. This habit emerged in January 2020 in Wuhan, where the pandemic originated, and then spread to several cities around the world during the quarantines and sanitary cordons ordered as preventive measures, Italy being the first one. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:26, 11 December 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=25925561 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2023-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikimedia Commons, there are some minor user-interface improvements for the &quot;choosing own vs not own work&quot; step in the UploadWizard. This is part of the Structured Content team's project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352707][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352709]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem showing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer homepage|Newcomer homepage]] feature with the &quot;impact module&quot; and their page-view graphs, for a few days in early December. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352352][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352349]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/796964 2023 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 5 January 2024, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:December_2023_Developer_Satisfaction_Survey|privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:13, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25945501 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-51 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Aerial view of Subway Island, July 2019.JPG|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge''' is a wildlife refuge in New York City managed by the National Park Service as part of Gateway National Recreation Area. It is composed of the open water and intertidal salt marshes of Jamaica Bay. It lies entirely within the boundaries of New York City, divided between the boroughs of Brooklyn to the west and Queens to the east. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:05, 18 December 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2023-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2024 because of [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|the holidays]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting December 18, it won't be possible to activate Structured Discussions on a user's own talk page using the Beta feature. The Beta feature option remains available for users who want to deactivate Structured Discussions. This is part of [[mw:Structured Discussions/Deprecation|Structured Discussions' deprecation work]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248309] 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There will be full support for redirects in the Module namespace. The &quot;Move Page&quot; feature will leave an appropriate redirect behind, and such redirects will be appropriately recognized by the software (e.g. hidden from [[{{#special:UnconnectedPages}}]]). There will also be support for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Renaming or moving modules|manual redirects]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120794]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The MediaWiki JavaScript documentation is moving to a new format. During the move, you can read the old docs using [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/REL1_41/js/ version 1.41]. Feedback about [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/js/ the new site] is welcome on the [[mw:Talk:JSDoc_WMF_theme|project talk page]].
* The Wishathon is a new initiative that encourages collaboration across the Wikimedia community to develop solutions for wishes collected through the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The first community Wishathon will take place from 15–17 March. If you are interested in a project proposal as a user, developer, designer, or product lead, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WishathonMarch2024|register for the event and read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:18, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=25959059 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2023-52 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2023 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Plant blindness]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fr:Cécité botanique]]) ([[:de:Pflanzenblindheit]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Plant blindness 0323.png|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Plant blindness''' is an informally-proposed form of cognitive bias, which in its broadest meaning, is a human tendency to ignore plant species. This includes such phenomena as not noticing plants in the surrounding environment, not recognizing the importance of plant life to the whole biosphere and to human affairs, a philosophical view of plants as an inferior form of life to animals and/or the inability to appreciate the unique features or aesthetics of plants. Related terms include plant‐neglect, zoo-centrism, and zoo‐chauvinism. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:58, 25 December 2023 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-02 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Pax airship disaster]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:pt:Catástrofe do dirigível Pax]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Sim new-mcclures-magazine 1902-09 19 5 (page 75 crop).jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''''Pax''''' '''airship disaster''' was the explosion of the ''Pax'' airship on May 12, 1902, in Paris, which killed the Brazilian inventor Augusto Severo and the French mechanic Georges Saché.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 12:14, 8 January 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=26033876 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [https://mediawiki2latex.wmflabs.org/ mediawiki2latex] is a tool that converts wiki content into the formats of LaTeX, PDF, ODT, and EPUB. The code now runs many times faster due to recent improvements. There is also an optional Docker container you can [[b:de:Benutzer:Dirk_Hünniger/wb2pdf/install#Using_Docker|install]] on your local machine.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The way that Random pages are selected has been updated. This will slowly reduce the problem of some pages having a lower chance of appearing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309477]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:20, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26026251 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-03 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Conversion to Islam]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fr:Conversion à l'islam]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Sahadah-Topkapi-Palace.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Conversion to Islam''' is accepting Islam as a religion or faith and rejecting any other religion or irreligion. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:11, 15 January 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Pages that use the JSON [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:ContentHandler|contentmodel]] will now use tabs instead of spaces for auto-indentation. This will significantly reduce the page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326065]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and personal user scripts may now use JavaScript syntax introduced in ES6 (also known as &quot;ES2015&quot;) and ES7 (&quot;ES2016&quot;). MediaWiki validates the source code to protect other site functionality from syntax errors, and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browsers|supported browsers]]. Previously, Gadgets could use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;requiresES6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option. This option is no longer needed and will be removed in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75714]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|Bot passwords]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|owner-only OAuth consumers]] can now be restricted to allow editing only specific pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T349957]
* You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] edits made by bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341388]
* An update on the status of the Community Wishlist Survey for 2024 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Future Of The Wishlist/January 4, 2024 Update|has been published]]. Please read and give your feedback.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on January 17, it will not be possible to login to Wikimedia wikis from some specific old versions of the Chrome browser (versions 51–66, released between 2016 and 2018). Additionally, users of iOS 12, or Safari on Mac OS 10.14, may need to login to each wiki separately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344791]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module was deprecated and replaced with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module last year. A script has now been run to replace any remaining uses, and this week the temporary alias will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354966]

'''Future changes'''
* Wikimedia Deutschland is working to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. They are looking for people who are interested in participating in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ individual video calls for user research in January and February].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:13, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26074460 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-04 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Kinder der Landstrasse]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Kinderdlandstrasse plakat.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Kinder der Landstrasse''' (literally: Children of the Country Road) was a project implemented by the Swiss foundation Pro Juventute from 1926 to 1973. The project aimed to assimilate the itinerant Yenish people in Switzerland by forcibly removing their children from their parents and placing them in orphanages or foster homes. Approximately 590 children were affected by this program. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 02:02, 22 January 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* A bug in UploadWizard prevented linking to the userpage of the uploader when uploading. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354529]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:04, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26096197 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-05 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Qurm Nature Reserve]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Al-Qurm Wetlands.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Qurm Nature Reserve''' is a national nature reserve in Muscat Governorate, Oman. Located on the Gulf of Oman coast, the reserve protects a mangrove forest and the surrounding wetland in a small estuary within the urban area of Qurm. Established in 1975, the reserve has been designated as an Important Bird Area since 1994, and as a protected Ramsar site since 2013. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:03, 29 January 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting Monday January 29, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they are looking for, even if this comment was moved elsewhere. This will affect all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. You can read more about this change [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/ on Diff] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk_pages_permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]].&lt;!-- The Diff post will be published on Monday morning UTC--&gt; [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302011]
* There are some improvements to the CAPTCHA to make it harder for spam bots and scripts to bypass it. If you have feedback on this change, please comment on [[phab:T141490|the task]]. Staff are monitoring metrics related to the CAPTCHA, as well as secondary metrics such as account creations and edit counts.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] On February 1, a link will be added to the &quot;Tools&quot; menu to download a [[w:en:QR code|QR code]] that links to the page you are viewing. There will also be a new [[{{#special:QrCode}}]] page to create QR codes for any Wikimedia URL. This addresses the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Mobile and apps/Add ability to share QR code for a page in any Wikimedia project|#19 most-voted wish]] from the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329973]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] which only work in some skins have sometimes used the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;targets&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option to limit where you can use them. This will stop working this week. You should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328497]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 29 January 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-06 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Timurid architecture]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Gur-e-Amir Mausolueum - Samarkand - Uzbekistan (7488414078).jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Timurid architecture''' was an important stage in the architectural history of Iran and Central Asia during the late 14th and 15th centuries. The Timurid Empire (1370–1507), founded by Timur (d. 1405) and conquering most of this region, oversaw a cultural renaissance. In architecture, the Timurid dynasty patronized the construction of palaces, mausoleums, and religious monuments across the region. Their architecture is distinguished by its grand scale, luxurious decoration in tilework, and sophisticated geometric vaulting. This architectural style, along with other aspects of Timurid art, spread across the empire and subsequently influenced the architecture of other empires from the Middle East to the Indian subcontinent. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:23, 5 February 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*The mobile site history pages now use the same HTML as the desktop history pages. If you hear of any problems relating to mobile history usage please point them to [[phab:T353388|the phabricator task]].
*On most wikis, admins can now block users from making specific actions. These actions are: uploading files, creating new pages, moving (renaming) pages, and sending thanks. The goal of this feature is to allow admins to apply blocks that are adequate to the blocked users' activity. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks#action-blocks|Learn more about &quot;action blocks&quot;]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242541][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Talk pages permalinks that included diacritics and non-Latin script were malfunctioning. This issue is fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356199]

'''Future changes'''
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#24WPs|24 Wikipedias]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference_Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] as a default gadget are encouraged to remove that default flag. This would make [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference_Previews|Reference Previews]] the new default for reference popups, leading to a more consistent experience across wikis. For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#46WPs|46 Wikipedias]] with less than 4 interface admins, the change is already scheduled for mid-February, [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference Previews to become the default for previewing references on more wikis.|unless there are concerns]]. The older Reference Tooltips gadget will still remain usable and will override this feature, if it is available on your wiki and you have enabled it in your settings. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference_Previews_to_become_the_default_for_previewing_references_on_more_wikis][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355312]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:22, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-07 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Adoration of the Magi (Fra Angelico and Filippo Lippi)]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Fra Angelico, Fra Filippo Lippi, The Adoration of the Magi.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''''Adoration of the Magi''''' is a tondo, or circular painting, of the Adoration of the Magi assumed to be that recorded in 1492 in the Palazzo Medici Riccardi in Florence as by Fra Angelico. It dates from the mid-15th century and is now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C. Most art historians think that Filippo Lippi painted more of the original work, and that it was added to some years after by other artists, as well as including work by assistants in the workshops of both the original masters. It has been known as the Washington Tondo and Cook Tondo after Herbert Cook, and this latter name in particular continues to be used over 50 years after the painting left the Cook collection. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 07:00, 12 February 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  The [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split experiment]] is working and loaded onto 3 test servers. The team in charge is testing the split's impact and requires feedback from WDQS users through the UI or programmatically in different channels. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_graph_split][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356773][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Sannita_(WMF)] Users' feedback will validate the impact of various use cases and workflows around the Wikidata Query service. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/October_2023_scaling_update][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Federation]

'''Problems'''
*There was a bug that affected the appearance of visited links when using mobile device to access wiki sites. It made the links appear black; [[phab:T356928|this issue]] is fixed.  

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] As work continues on the grid engine deprecation,[https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation] tools on the grid engine will be stopped starting on February 14th, 2024. If you have tools actively migrating you can ask for an extension so they are not stopped. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:49, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-08 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:nl:Graf met de handjes]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Weg langs het kerkhof tegenover 1, Roermond.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The monument '''Van Gorkum-Van Aefferden''', more well known as the &quot;'''grave with the little hands'''&quot; is a monumental Tombstone in the Dutch city of Roermond.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 13:24, 19 February 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* If you have the &quot;{{int:Tog-enotifwatchlistpages}}&quot; option enabled, edits by bot accounts no longer trigger notification emails. Previously, only minor edits would not trigger the notification emails. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356984]
* There are changes to how user and site scripts load for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022| Vector 2022]] on specific wikis. The changes impacted the following Wikis: all projects with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector legacy]] as the default skin, Wikivoyage, and Wikibooks. Other wikis will be affected over the course of the next three months. Gadgets are not impacted. If you have been affected or want to minimize the impact on your project, see [[Phab:T357580| this ticket]]. Please coordinate and take action proactively.
*Newly auto-created accounts (the accounts you get when you visit a new wiki) now have the same local notification preferences as users who freshly register on that wiki. It is effected in four notification types listed in the [[phab:T353225|task's description]].
*The maximum file size when using [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload_Wizard|Upload Wizard]] is now 5 GiB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191804]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Selected tools on the grid engine have been [[wikitech:News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation|stopped]] as we prepare to shut down the grid on March 14th, 2024. The tool's code and data have not been deleted. If you are a maintainer and you want your tool re-enabled reach out to the [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support|team]]. Only tools that have asked for extension are still running on the grid.
* The CSS &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter filter]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; property can now be used in HTML &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attributes in wikitext. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308160]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:37, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26254282 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-09 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Doorway effect]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''doorway effect''' is a known psychological event where a person's short-term memory declines when passing through a doorway moving from one location to another when it would not if they had remained in the same place. People experience this effect by forgetting what they were going to do, thinking about, or planning upon entering a different room. This is thought to be due to the change in one's physical environment, which is used to distinguish boundaries between remembered events: memories of events encountered in the present environment are more accessible than those beyond it. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:30, 26 February 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile|mobile visual editor]] is now the default editor for users who never edited before, at a small group of wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile/VE_mobile_default#A/B_test_results| Research ]] shows that users using this editor are slightly more successful publishing the edits they started, and slightly less successful publishing non-reverted edits. Users who defined the wikitext editor as their default on desktop will get the wikitext editor on mobile for their first edit on mobile as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352127]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core modules#mw.config|mw.config]] value &lt;code&gt;wgGlobalGroups&lt;/code&gt; now only contains groups that are active in the wiki. Scripts no longer have to check whether the group is active on the wiki via an API request. A code example of the above is: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (/globalgroupname/.test(mw.config.get(&quot;wgGlobalGroups&quot;)))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356008]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The right to change [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|edit tags]] (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;changetags&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) will be removed from users in Wikimedia sites, keeping it by default for admins and bots only. Your community can ask to retain the old configuration on your wiki before this change happens. Please indicate in [[phab:T355639|this ticket]] to keep it for your community before the end of March 2024.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:23, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26294125 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-10 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Sissieretta Jones]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:1899 poster of Mme. M. Sissieretta Jones.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Matilda Sissieretta Joyner Jones''' (January 5, 1868, or 1869 – June 24, 1933) was an American soprano. She sometimes was called &quot;The Black Patti&quot; in reference to Italian opera singer Adelina Patti. Jones' repertoire included grand opera, light opera, and popular music 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:33, 4 March 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=26313143 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Special:Book&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; page (as well as the associated &quot;Create a book&quot; functionality) provided by the old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection|Collection extension]] has been removed from all Wikisource wikis, as it was broken. This does not affect the ability to download normal books, which is provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Wikisource|Wikisource extension]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358437]
* [[m:Wikitech|Wikitech]] now uses the next-generation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] wikitext parser by default to generate all pages in the Talk namespace.  Report any problems on the [[mw:Talk:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Known_Issues|Known Issues discussion page]]. You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration]] extension to control the use of Parsoid; see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration help documentation]] for more details.
* Maintenance on [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org etherpad] is completed. If you encounter any issues, please indicate in [[phab:T316421|this ticket]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] allow interface admins to create custom features with CSS and JavaScript. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget_definition&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespaces and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;gadgets-definition-edit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; user right were reserved for an experiment in 2015, but were never used. These were visible on Special:Search and Special:ListGroupRights. The unused namespaces and user rights are now removed. No pages are moved, and no changes need to be made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272]
* A usability improvement to the &quot;Add a citation&quot; in Wikipedia workflow has been made, the insert button was moved to the popup header. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354847]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
*  All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233]
* The HTML markup of headings and section edit links will be changed later this year to improve accessibility. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Heading_HTML_changes|Heading HTML changes]] for details. The new markup will be the same as in the new Parsoid wikitext parser. You can test your gadget or stylesheet with the new markup if you add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;?useparsoid=1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to your URL ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Selecting_a_parser_using_a_URL_query_string|more info]]) or turn on Parsoid read views in your user options ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Enabling_via_user_preference|more info]]).
*

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:47, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26329807 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-11 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Preventative Coup of November 11]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:es:Golpe de Estado en Brasil de 1955]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Exército na casa de Café Filho.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Preventative Coup of November 11''' sometimes called the '''1955 Brazilian coup d'état''' or referred to as an &quot;anti-coup&quot; or a &quot;counter-coup&quot; (Portuguese: ''Novembrada, Movimento de 11 de Novembro, Contragolpe, Golpe Preventivo do Marechal Lott'') was a series of military and political events led by Henrique Teixeira Lott that resulted in Nereu Ramos assuming the presidency of Brazil until being peacefully succeeded by Juscelino Kubitschek a few months later. The bloodless coup removed Carlos Luz from the presidency because he was suspected of plotting to prevent Kubitschek from taking office. As a result of the tensions, Brazil had three presidents in the span of a single week.

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:04, 11 March 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* After consulting with various communities, the line height of the text on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] will be increased to its previous value of 1.65. Different options for typography can also be set using the options in the menu, as needed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358498]
*The active link color in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] will be changed to provide more consistency with our other platforms and best practices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358516]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|Structured data on Commons]] will no longer ask whether you want to leave the page without saving. This will prevent the “information you’ve entered may not be saved” popups from appearing when no information have been entered. It will also make file pages on Commons load faster in certain cases. However, the popups will be hidden even if information has indeed been entered. If you accidentally close the page before saving the structured data you entered, that data will be lost. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312315]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26374013 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-12 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Hojang Taret]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Hojang Taret''' is a classical Meitei language play based on Euripides's ancient Greek tragedy The Phoenician Women. It is directed by Oasis Sougaijam and produced by The Umbilical Theatre in Imphal, Kangleipak. It depicts the moral ambiguities of conflict between brothers resulting to the ruination of the ancient city of Thebes. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:52, 18 March 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=26366849 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The notice &quot;Language links are at the top of the page&quot; that appears in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]] main menu has been removed now that users have learned the new location of the Language switcher. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T353619]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing:_Privacy_Enhancement_and_Abuse_Mitigation/IP_Info_feature|IP info feature]] displays data from Spur, an IP addresses database. Previously, the only data source for this feature was MaxMind. Now, IP info is more useful for patrollers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341395]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge Grid Engine services have been shut down after the final migration process from Grid Engine to Kubernetes. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Obsolete:Toolforge/Grid][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2022/03/14/toolforge-and-grid-engine/]
* Communities can now customize the default reasons for undeleting a page by creating [[MediaWiki:Undelete-comment-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326746]

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] is an interface to interactively browse a page's history. Users in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider/Developing_a_RTL-accessible_feature_in_MediaWiki_-_what_we%27ve_learned_while_creating_the_RevisionSlider|right-to-left]] languages reported RevisionSlider reacting wrong to mouse clicks. This should be fixed now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352169]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1710943200 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:40, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26410165 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-13 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Magna Lykseth-Skogman]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Magna Lykseth in Tristan och Isolde at Kungliga Operan 1909 - SMV - GL164.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Magna Elvine Lykseth-Skogman''' (6 February 1874 – 13 November 1949), also known as Magna Lykseth-Schjerven, was a Norwegian-born Swedish operatic soprano. After making her début at the Royal Swedish Opera in 1901 as Santuzza in Cavalleria rusticana, she was engaged there until 1918 becoming the company's prima donna. She performed leading roles in a wide range of operas but is remembered in particular for her Wagnerian interpretations, creating Brünnhilde in the Swedish premières of Siegfried and Götterdämmerung, and Isolde in 1909. Considered to be one of the most outstanding Swedish opera singers of her generation, she was awarded the Litteris et Artibus medal in 1907 and became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music in 1912 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:00, 25 March 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:57, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-14 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Lidder Valley]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Pahalgam Valley.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Lidder Valley''' or Liddar Valley is a Himalayan sub-valley that forms the southeastern corner of Anantnag district in Indian-administered Kashmir. The Lidder River flows down the valley. The entrance to the valley lies 7 km northeast from Anantnag town and 62 km southeast from Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir. It is a 40-km-long gorge valley with an average width of 3 km. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 03:15, 1 April 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:36, 2 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-15 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Operation Kraai]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Overzicht van het vliegveld te Djokja vanuit de 'Control Tower', Bestanddeelnr 5128.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Operation Kraai''' (Operation Crow) was a Dutch military offensive against the de facto Republic of Indonesia in December 1948 after negotiations failed. With the advantage of surprise the Dutch managed to capture the Indonesian Republic's temporary capital, Yogyakarta, and seized Indonesian leaders such as de facto Republican President Sukarno. This apparent military success was however followed by guerrilla warfare, while the violation of the Renville Agreement ceasefire diplomatically isolated the Dutch, leading to the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference and recognition of the United States of Indonesia. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:47, 8 April 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Web browsers can use tools called [[:w:en:Browser extension|extensions]]. There is now a Chrome extension called [[m:Future Audiences/Experiment:Citation Needed|Citation Needed]] which you can use to see if an online statement is supported by a Wikipedia article. This is a small experiment to see if Wikipedia can be used this way. Because it is a small experiment, it can only be used in Chrome in English.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit Recovery|Edit Recovery]] feature has been added to all wikis, available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user preference]]. Once you enable it, your in-progress edits will be stored in your web browser, and if you accidentally close an editing window or your browser or computer crashes, you will be prompted to recover the unpublished text. Please leave any feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Edit-recovery feature|project talk page]]. This was the #8 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey.
* Initial results of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] experiments [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#4_April_2024|have been published]]. Edit Check is now deployed as a default feature at [[phab:T342930#9538364|the wikis that tested it]]. [[mw:Talk:Edit check|Let us know]] if you want your wiki to be part of the next deployment of Edit check. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342930][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361727]
* Readers using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] on mobile will notice there has been an improvement in the line height across all typography settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359029]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* New accounts and logged-out users will get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] as their default editor on mobile. This deployment is made at all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361134]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:38, 8 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-16 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:ru:Павильон Росси]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:en:Rossi Pavilion]])&amp;#32;([[:fr:Pavillon Rossi]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Rossi's Pavilion in Mikhailovsky Garden. Saint-Petersburg. 1825..jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Rossi Pavilion''' (Russian: Павильон Росси) is a pavilion on the bank of the Moyka River in the Mikhailovsky Garden in Saint Petersburg. It was designed by architect Carlo Rossi in the early 1820s and built in 1825 during his redevelopment of the garden. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:53, 15 April 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Between 2 April and 8 April, on wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged Revisions]], the &quot;{{Int:tag-mw-reverted}}&quot; tag was not applied to undone edits. In addition, page moves, protections and imports were not autoreviewed. This problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361918][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361940]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#DEFAULTSORT|Default category sort keys]] will now affect categories added by templates placed in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite|footnotes]]. Previously footnotes used the page title as the default sort key even if a different default sort key was specified (category-specific sort keys already worked). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40435]
* A new variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;page_last_edit_age&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be added to [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. It tells how many seconds ago the last edit to a page was made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269769]

'''Future changes'''
* Volunteer developers are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Four database fields will be removed from database replicas (including [[quarry:|Quarry]]). This affects only the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tables. Some queries might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361996]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-17 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Devorà Ascarelli]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:it:Debora Ascarelli]])&amp;#32;([[:es:Devorà Ascarelli]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Devorà Ascarelli''' was a 16th-century Italian poet living in Rome, Italy. Ascarelli may have been the first Jewish woman to have a book of her own work published. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] 01:35, 22 April 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting this week, newcomers editing Wikipedia [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Leveling up 3|will be encouraged]] to try structured tasks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer tasks|Structured tasks]] have been shown to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link/Experiment analysis, December 2021|improve newcomer activation and retention]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348086]
* You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|nominate your favorite tools]] for the fifth edition of the Coolest Tool Award. Nominations will be open until May 10. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* This is the last warning that by the end of May 2024 the Vector 2022 skin will no longer share site and user scripts/styles with old Vector. For user-scripts that you want to keep using on Vector 2022, copy the contents of [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector.js]] to [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector-2022.js]]. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|more technical details]] available. Interface administrators who foresee this leading to lots of technical support questions may wish to send a mass message to your community, as was done on French Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362701]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:28, 22 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-18 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:1989 Serbian general election]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:sr:Председнички избори у Србији 1989.]])&amp;#32;([[:vi:Tổng tuyển cử Serbia 1989]])''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Parliament of SR Serbia (1989–1991).svg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''General elections were held in Serbia''', a constituent federal unit of SFR Yugoslavia, on 12 November 1989 to elect the president of the presidency of the Socialist Republic of Serbia and delegates of the Assembly of SR Serbia. Voting for delegates also took place on 10 and 30 November 1989. In addition to the general elections, local elections were held simultaneously. These were the first direct elections conducted after the adoption of the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution and the delegate electoral system, and the last elections conducted under a one-party system. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:32, 29 April 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''

[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for the following wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}. These wikis participated to a test, where 50% of users got the new design, for one year. As this test [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|gave positive results]], the new design is deployed on these wikis as the default design. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at all wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341491]
* Seven new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[w:bew:|&lt;code&gt;w:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357866]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35708|Kusaal]] ([[w:kus:|&lt;code&gt;w:kus:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359757]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35513|Igala]] ([[w:igl:|&lt;code&gt;w:igl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361644]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q33541|Karakalpak]] ([[wikt:kaa:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kaa:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362135]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9228|Burmese]] ([[s:my:|&lt;code&gt;s:my:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361085]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[s:ms:|&lt;code&gt;s:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363039]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q8108|Georgian]] ([[s:ka:|&lt;code&gt;s:ka:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363085]
* You can now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Support#Early_access:_Watch_Message_Groups_on_Translatewiki.net watch message groups/projects] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/translatewiki.net|Translatewiki.net]]. Initially, this feature will notify you of added or deleted messages in these groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348501]
* Dark mode is now available on all wikis, on mobile web for logged-in users who opt into the [[Special:MobileOptions|advanced mode]]. This is the early release of the feature. Technical editors are invited to [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ check for accessibility issues on wikis]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|more detailed guidelines]].

'''Problems'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can use an alternative visual style without labels, by using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mapstyle=&quot;osm&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This wasn't working in previews, creating the wrong impression that it wasn't supported. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:34, 30 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-19 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:#DDDDDD; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Heinrich Bünting]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Heinrich Bünting''' (1545 – 1606) was a Protestant pastor and theologian. He is best known for his book of woodcut maps titled Itinerarium Sacrae Scripturae (Travel book through Holy Scripture) first published in 1581. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:27, 6 May 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for all wikis, except for Commons, Wikidata and most Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|a few]] have already received this design change). You can read the detail of the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at remaining wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352087][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Interface admins now have greater control over the styling of article components on mobile with the introduction of the &lt;code&gt;SiteAdminHelper&lt;/code&gt;. More information on how styles can be disabled can be found [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikimediaMessages#Site_admin_helper|at the extension's page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363932]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has added article body sections in JSON format and a curated short description field to the existing parsed Infobox. This expansion to the API is also available via Wikimedia Cloud Services. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/article-sections-and-description/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you look at the Special:Log page, the first view is labelled &quot;All public logs&quot;, but it only shows some logs. This label will now say &quot;Main public logs&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237729]

'''Future changes'''
* A new service will be built to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Extension:Graph]]. Details can be found in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans|the latest update]] regarding this extension.
* Starting May 21, English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia will get the possibility to activate &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot;. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to all Wikipedias]]. These communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|activate and configure the feature locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308144]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:45, 6 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26729363 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-20 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background:var(--background-color-backdrop-dark, #DDDDDD); border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:var(--color-inverted, #000000); padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Ruyan (district)]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fa:رویان (طبرستان)]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Northern Iran and its surroundings during the Iranian intermezzo.svg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Ruyan''' (Persian: رویان), later known as Rustamdar (رستمدار), was the name of a mountainous district that encompassed the western part of Tabaristan/Mazandaran, a region on the Caspian coast of northern Iran. In Iranian mythology, Ruyan appears as one of the places that the legendary archer Arash shot his arrow from, reaching the edge of Khorasan to mark the border between Iran and Turan. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:39, 13 May 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikisource there is a special page listing pages of works without corresponding scan images. Now you can use the new magic word &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;__EXPECTWITHOUTSCANS__&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to exclude certain pages (list of editions or translations of works) from that list. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344214]
* If you use the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user-preference]] &quot;{{int:tog-uselivepreview}}&quot;, then the template-page feature &quot;{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}&quot; will now also work without reloading the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136907]
* [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now specify an alternative text via the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute. This is identical in usage to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Syntax|image and gallery syntax]]. An exception for this feature is wikis like Wikivoyage where the miniature maps are interactive. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328137]
* The old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|Guided Tour]] for the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New Filters for Edit Review]]&quot; feature has been removed. It was created in 2017 to show people with older accounts how the interface had changed, and has now been seen by most of the intended people. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217451]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[{{#special:search}}]] results page will now use CSS flex attributes, for better accessibility, instead of a table. If you have a gadget or script that adjusts search results, you should update your script to the new HTML structure. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320295]

'''Future changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, main pages will be displayed at full width (like special pages). The goal is to keep the number of characters per line large enough. This is related to the coming changes to typography in Vector 2022. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357706]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two columns of the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:pagelinks table|pagelinks]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; database table (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) are being dropped soon. Users must use two columns of the new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Manual:linktarget table|linktarget]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table instead (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). In your existing SQL queries:
*# Replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN linktarget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ON&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; statement
*# Below that add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks ON lt_id = pl_target_id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;
** See &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T222224]]&lt;/bdi&gt; for technical reasoning. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222224][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299947]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:59, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26762074 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-21 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: #f8f9fa; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Turlough (lake)]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:de:Turlough]])&amp;#32;([[:no:Turlough]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Carran Turlough.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
A '''turlough''' is a seasonal or periodic water body found mostly in limestone karst areas of Ireland, west of the River Shannon. [...] The water bodies fill and empty with the changes in the level of the water table, usually being very low or empty during summer and autumn and full in the winter. As groundwater levels drop the water drains away underground through cracks in the karstic limestone.  

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:31, 20 May 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, will now correctly delete pages which were moved to another title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T43351]
* New changes have been made to the UploadWizard in Wikimedia Commons: the overall layout has been improved, by following new styling and spacing for the form and its fields; the headers and helper text for each of the fields was changed; the Caption field is now a required field, and there is an option for users to copy their caption into the media description. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WMF_support_for_Commons/Upload_Wizard_Improvements#Changes_to_%22Describe%22_workflow][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361049]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]  The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading_HTML_changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It will change on 22 May in some skins (Timeless, Modern, CologneBlue, Nostalgia, and Monobook). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in all other skins. The developers are also considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 20 May 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-22 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: #f8f9fa; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Geiranger Church]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:no:Geiranger kirke]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----
[[File:Iglesia parroquial, Geiranger, Noruega, 2019-09-07, DD 84-97 PAN.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Geiranger Church''' (Norwegian: Geiranger kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Stranda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Geiranger, and the end of the famous Geirangerfjorden. It is the church for the Geiranger parish which is part of the Nordre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in an octagonal design in 1842 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Klipe. The church seats about 165 people. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:48, 27 May 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Several bugs related to the latest updates to the UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons have been fixed. For more information, see [[:phab:T365107|T365107]] and [[:phab:T365119|T365119]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In March 2024 a new [[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortlet|addPortlet]] API was added to allow gadgets to create new portlets (menus) in the skin. In certain skins this can be used to create dropdowns. Gadget developers are invited to try it and [[phab:T361661|give feedback]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some CSS in the Minerva skin has been removed to enable easier community configuration. Interface editors should check the rendering on mobile devices for aspects related to the classes: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.collapsible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.multicol&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.reflist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.coordinates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.topicon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [[phab:T361659|Further details are available on replacement CSS]] if it is needed.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you visit a wiki where you don't yet have a local account, local rules such as edit filters can sometimes prevent your account from being created. Starting this week, MediaWiki takes your global rights into account when evaluating whether you can override such local rules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316303]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26832205 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-23 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: #f8f9fa; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Guillermo Larrazábal]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Guillermo Larrazábal Arzubide''' (10 February 1907 – 1983) was a Spanish stained glass artist who was active in Ecuador. He is considered Ecuador's most important stained glass artist. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:14, 3 June 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086]
* The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|&lt;code&gt;w:dtp:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:35, 3 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The software used to render SVG files has been updated to a new version, fixing many longstanding bugs in SVG rendering. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265549]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading HTML changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It was changed last week in some skins (Vector legacy and Minerva). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in Vector-2022. The developers are still considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used for citations by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] changed last week. In places where Parsoid previously added the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class, Parsoid now also adds the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class for better compatibility with the legacy parser. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1036705]

'''Problems'''
* There was a bug with the Content Translation interface that caused the tools menus to appear in the wrong location. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366374]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The new version of MediaWiki includes another change to the HTML markup used for citations: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] will now generate a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-cite-backlink&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; wrapper for both named and unnamed references for better compatibility with the legacy parser. Interface administrators should verify that gadgets that interact with citations are compatible with the new markup. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1035809] 
* On multilingual wikis that use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;translate&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; system, there is a feature that shows potentially-outdated translations with a pink background until they are updated or confirmed. From this week, confirming translations will be logged, and there is a new user-right that can be required for confirming translations if the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requests it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49177]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:20, 10 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-25 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: #f8f9fa; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:de:Magdalena Zeger]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Magdalena Zeger''' ([mak.da.ˈleː.na ˈt͡seː.gɐ], * 1491; † 16. January 1568 in Kolding) was a calendar maker, astronomer and astrologist. Her Hamburg almanacs and forecasts from 1561 and 1563 have been preserved. Zeger's calendars are the first independent publications by a woman in the field of astronomy. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:29, 17 June 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* People who attempt to add an external link in the visual editor will now receive immediate feedback if they attempt to link to a domain that a project has decided to block. Please see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#11_June_2024|Edit check]] for more details. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366751]
* The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CommunityConfiguration|Community Configuration extension]] is available [[testwiki:Special:CommunityConfiguration|on Test Wikipedia]]. This extension allows communities to customize specific features to meet their local needs. Currently only Growth features are configurable, but the extension will support other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration#Use_cases|Community Configuration use cases]] in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323811][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360954]
* The dark mode [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] is now available on category and help pages, as well as more special pages. There may be contrast issues. Please report bugs on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366370]

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Cloud Services tools were not available for 25 minutes last week. This was caused by a faulty hardware cable in the data center. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2024-06-11_WMCS_Ceph]
* Last week, styling updates were made to the Vector 2022 skin. This caused unforeseen issues with templates, hatnotes, and images. Changes to templates and hatnotes were reverted. Most issues with images were fixed. If you still see any, [[phab:T367463|report them here]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367480]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting June 18, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Edit Check]] will be deployed to [[phab:T361843|a new set of Wikipedias]]. This feature is intended to help newcomers and to assist edit-patrollers by inviting people who are adding new content to a Wikipedia article to add a citation when they do not do so themselves. During [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#Reference_Check_A/B_Test|a test at 11 wikis]], the number of citations added [https://diff.wikimedia.org/?p=127553 more than doubled] when Reference Check was shown to people. Reference Check is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|community configurable]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361843]&lt;!-- NOTE: THE DIFF BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MONDAY --&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mailing_lists|Mailing lists]] will be unavailable for roughly two hours on Tuesday 10:00–12:00 UTC. This is to enable migration to a new server and upgrade its software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367521]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:49, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26911987 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-26 ==

{| class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: #f8f9fa; border:1px solid #BBBBBB; color:#000000; padding .4em;&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;| The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Koreans in Micronesia]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:zh:朝鮮裔密克羅尼西亞人]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

Please be bold and help translate this article!

----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Koreans in Micronesia''' used to form a significant population before World War II, when most of the region was ruled as the South Seas Mandate of the Empire of Japan; for example, they formed 7.3% of the population of Palau in 1943. However, after the area came under the control of the United States as the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, most Koreans returned to their homeland. As of 2013, about seven thousand South Korean expatriates &amp; immigrants and Korean Americans reside in the Marianas (Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), which have remained under U.S. control, while only around two hundred South Korean expatriates reside in the independent countries of Micronesia. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 04:03, 24 June 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
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== Tech News: 2024-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Editors will notice that there have been some changes to the background color of text in the diff view, and the color of the byte-change numbers, last week. These changes are intended to make text more readable in both light mode and dark mode, and are part of a larger effort to increase accessibility. You can share your comments or questions [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading|on the project talkpage]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361717]
* The text colors that are used for visited-links, hovered-links, and active-links, were also slightly changed last week to improve their accessibility in both light mode and dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366515]

'''Problems'''
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|copy permanent links to talk page comments]] by clicking on a comment's timestamp. [[mw:Talk pages project/Permalinks|This feature]] did not always work when the topic title was very long and the link was used as a wikitext link. This has been fixed. Thanks to Lofhi for submitting the bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356196]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting 26 June, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link at English Wikipedia, making this feature available for you to use at all wikis. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they were linked to, even if this comment has since been moved elsewhere. You can read more about this feature [[DiffBlog:/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/|on Diff]] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365974]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:33, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-27 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Roller printing on textiles]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Silverstudio.jpg|center|300px]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Roller printing''' on fabrics is a textile printing process patented by Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783 in an attempt to reduce the cost of the earlier copperplate printing. This method was used in Lancashire fabric mills to produce cotton dress fabrics from the 1790s, most often reproducing small monochrome patterns characterized by striped motifs and tiny dotted patterns called &quot;machine grounds&quot;. Improvements in the technology resulted in more elaborate roller prints in bright, rich colours from the 1820s; Turkey red and chrome yellow were particularly popular. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:44, 1 July 2024 (UTC)''
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== Tech News: 2024-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Over the next three weeks, dark mode will become available for all users, both logged-in and logged-out, starting with the mobile web version. This fulfils one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2023/Reading/Dark_mode|top-requested community wishes]], and improves low-contrast reading and usage in low-light settings. As part of these changes, dark mode will also work on User-pages and Portals. There is more information in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Updates#June_2024:_Typography_and_dark_mode_deployments,_new_global_preferences|the latest Web team update]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366364]
* Logged-in users can now set [[m:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin-skin-prefs|global preferences for the text-size and dark-mode]], thanks to a combined effort across Foundation teams. This allows Wikimedians using multiple wikis to set up a consistent reading experience easily, for example by switching between light and dark mode only once for all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341278] 
* If you use a very old web browser some features might not work on the Wikimedia wikis. This affects Internet Explorer 11 and versions of Chrome, Firefox and Safari older than 2016. This change makes it possible to use new [[d:Q46441|CSS]] features and to send less code to all readers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288287][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:How_to_make_a_MediaWiki_skin#Using_CSS_variables_for_supporting_different_themes_e.g._dark_mode]
* Wikipedia Admins can customize local wiki configuration options easily using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. Community Configuration was created to allow communities to customize how some features work, because each language wiki has unique needs. At the moment, admins can configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] on their home wikis, in order to better recruit and retain new editors. More options will be provided in the coming months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366458]
* Editors interested in language issues that are related to [[w:en:Unicode|Unicode standards]], can now discuss those topics at [[mw:Talk:WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|a new conversation space in MediaWiki.org]]. The Wikimedia Foundation is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|member of the Unicode Consortium]], and the coordination group can collaboratively review the issues discussed and, where appropriate, bring them to the attention of the Unicode Consortium.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[w:btm:|&lt;code&gt;w:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368038] 

'''Problems'''
* Editors can once again click on links within the visual editor's citation-preview, thanks to a bug fix by the Editing Team. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368119]

'''Future changes'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 2 weeks. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:59, 1 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-28 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:simple:India naming dispute]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:ur:انڈیا نام کا تنازعہ]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''India naming dispute''' in 1947 refers to the argument over the use of the name India during and after the partition of British Raj, between the countries of Pakistan and the Republic of India. This dispute involved key figures such as Lord Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of British Raj, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the leader of the Muslim League and a founder of Pakistan. By 1947, the British Raj was going to be divided into two new nation states – Hindustan and Pakistan. Jinnah was initially convinced that Hindustan would not use the term India, since it lacked indigenous pedigree, etymologically and historically India meant the Indus Valley (modern-Pakistan). He also opposed the use of the name India as it would cause confusion regarding history. The disagreement had significant implications for national identity and international recognition. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:13, 8 July 2024 (UTC)''
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== Tech News: 2024-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* At the Wikimedia Foundation a new task force was formed to replace the disabled Graph with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project|more secure, easy to use, and extensible Chart]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Chart Project|subscribe to the newsletter]] to get notified about new project updates and other news about Chart.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension is now available on Meta-wiki, Igbo Wikipedia, and Swahili Wikipedia, and can be requested on your wiki. This extension helps in managing and making events more visible, giving Event organizers the ability to use tools like the Event registration tool. To learn more about the deployment status and how to request this extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status|CampaignEvents page on Meta-wiki]]. 
* Editors using the iOS Wikipedia app who have more than 50 edits can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits#Add an image|Add an Image]] feature. This feature presents opportunities for small but useful contributions to Wikipedia.
* Thank you to [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth/Celebration|all of the authors]] who have contributed to MediaWiki Core. As a result of these contributions, the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth|percentage of authors contributing more than 5 patches has increased by 25% since last year]], which helps ensure the sustainability of the platform for the Wikimedia projects.

'''Problems'''
* A problem with the color of the talkpage tabs always showing as blue, even for non-existent pages which should have been red, affecting the Vector 2022 skin, [[phab:T367982|has been fixed]]. 

'''Future changes'''
* The Trust and Safety Product team wants to introduce [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] with as little disruption to tools and workflows as possible. Volunteer developers, including gadget and user-script maintainers, are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle temporary accounts. The team has [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|created documentation]] explaining how to do the update. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 1 more week. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:32, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-29 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Adumu]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Maasai 2012 05 31 2782 (7522645058).jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Adumu''', is a type of dance that the Maasai people of Kenya and Tanzania practice. Young Maasai warriors generally perform the energetic and acrobatic dance at ceremonial occasions including weddings, religious rites, and other significant cultural events. The Adumu dance is characterized by a sequence of jumps performed by the dancers, who stand in a circle and alternately jump while keeping their bodies as straight and upright as possible. In addition to wearing vividly colored shúkàs (clothes) and beaded jewelry, the dancers are typically clad in traditional Maasai costume. Traditional Maasai songs and chants are also performed during the dance. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:15, 15 July 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Tech News: 2024-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 3 more days. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia developers can now officially continue to use both [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]], due to a June 24 decision by the Wikimedia Foundation to support software development on both platforms. Gerrit and GitLab are both code repositories used by developers to write, review, and deploy the software code that supports the MediaWiki software that the wiki projects are built on, as well as the tools used by editors to create and improve content. This decision will safeguard the productivity of our developers and prevent problems in code review from affecting our users. More details are available in the [[mw:GitLab/Migration status|Migration status]] page.
* The Wikimedia Foundation seeks applicants for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). This group will bring technical contributors and Wikimedia Foundation together to co-define a more resilient, future-proof technological platform. Council members will evaluate and consult on the movement's product and technical activities, so that we develop multi-generational projects. We are looking for a range of technical contributors across the globe, from a variety of Wikimedia projects. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal#Joining the PTAC as a technical volunteer|Please apply here by August 10]].
* Editors with rollback user-rights who use the Wikipedia App for Android can use the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Anti Vandalism|Edit Patrol]] features. These features include a new feed of Recent Changes, related links such as Undo and Rollback, and the ability to create and save a personal library of user talk messages to use while patrolling. If your wiki wants to make these features available to users who do not have rollback rights but have reached a certain edit threshold, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android#Contact us|you can contact the team]]. You can [[diffblog:2024/07/10/ِaddressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/|read more about this project on Diff blog]].
* Editors who have access to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The_Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library]] can once again use non-open access content in SpringerLinks, after the Foundation [[phab:T368865|contacted]] them to restore access. You can read more about [[m:Tech/News/Recently_resolved_community_tasks|this and 21 other community-submitted tasks that were completed last week]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* This week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-07 deployments|dark mode will be available on a number of Wikipedias]], both desktop and mobile, for logged-in and logged-out users. Interface admins and user script maintainers are encouraged to check gadgets and user scripts in the dark mode, to find any hard-coded colors and fix them. There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations for dark mode compatibility]] to help.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Next week, functionaries, volunteers maintaining tools, and software development teams are invited to test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on testwiki. Temporary accounts is a feature that will help improve privacy on the wikis. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348895]
* Editors who upload files cross-wiki, or teach other people how to do so, may wish to join a Wikimedia Commons discussion. The Commons community is discussing limiting who can upload files through the cross-wiki upload/Upload dialog feature to users auto-confirmed on Wikimedia Commons. This is due to the large amount of copyright violations uploaded this way. There is a short summary at [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Cross-wiki upload|Commons:Cross-wiki upload]] and [[c:Commons:Village pump/Proposals#Deactivate cross-wiki uploads for new users|discussion at Commons:Village Pump]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-30 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Rathaus-Glockenspiel]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:2019-11-16, Glockenspiel, Neues Münchner Rathaus, IMG 7463 edit Christoph Braun.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Rathaus-Glockenspiel''' is a large mechanical clock located in Marienplatz Square, in the heart of Munich, Germany. Famous for its life-size characters, the clock twice daily re-enacts scenes from Munich's history. First is the story of the marriage of Duke Wilhelm V to Renata of Lorraine in 1568, followed by the story of the Schäfflerstanz, also known as the coopers' dance. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:56, 22 July 2024 (UTC)''
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== Tech News: 2024-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature News'''
* Stewards can now [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks|globally block]] accounts. Before [[phab:T17294|the change]] only IP addresses and IP ranges could be blocked globally. Global account blocks are useful when the blocked user should not be logged out. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_locks|Global locks]] (a similar tool logging the user out of their account) are unaffected by this change. The new global account block feature is related to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project, which is a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors that are no longer made public.
* Later this week, Wikimedia site users will notice that the Interface of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) is improved and consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Wikimedia's design system]]. The FlaggedRevs interface experience on mobile and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MinervaNeue|Minerva skin]] was inconsistent before it was fixed and ported to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]] by the WMF Growth team and some volunteers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]
*  Wikimedia site users can now submit account vanishing requests via [[m:Special:GlobalVanishRequest|GlobalVanishRequest]]. This feature is used when a contributor wishes to stop editing forever. It helps you hide your past association and edit to protect your privacy. Once processed, the account will be locked and renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367329]
* Have you tried monitoring and addressing vandalism in Wikipedia using your phone? [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/10/%d9%90addressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/ A Diff blog post on Patrolling features in the Mobile App] highlights some of the new capabilities of the feature, including swiping through a feed of recent changes and a personal library of user talk messages for use when patrolling from your phone. 
* Wikimedia contributors and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives, and museums) organisations can now learn and measure the impact Wikimedia Commons is having towards creating quality encyclopedic content using the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/reference/commons.html Commons Impact Metrics] analytics dashboard. The dashboard offers organizations analytics on things like monthly edits in a category, the most viewed files, and which Wikimedia articles are using Commons images. As a result of these new data dumps, GLAM organisation can more reliably measure their return on investment for programs bringing content into the digital Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/]

'''Project Updates'''
*  Come share your ideas for improving the wikis on the newly reopened [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]]. The Community Wishlist is Wikimedia’s forum for volunteers to share ideas (called wishes) to improve how the wikis work. The new version of the wishlist is always open, works with both wikitext and Visual Editor, and allows wishes in any language.

'''Learn more'''
* Have you ever wondered how Wikimedia software works across over 300 languages? This is 253 languages more than the Google Chrome interface, and it's no accident. The Language and Product Localization Team at the Wikimedia Foundation supports your work by adapting all the tools and interfaces in the MediaWiki software so that contributors in our movement who translate pages and strings can translate them and have the sites in all languages. Read more about the team and their upcoming work on [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/building-towards-a-robust-multilingual-knowledge-ecosystem-for-the-wikimedia-movement/ Diff]. 
* How can Wikimedia build innovative and experimental products while maintaining such heavily used websites? A recent [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/ blog post] by WMF staff Johan Jönsson highlights the work of the [[m:Future Audiences#Objectives and Key Results|WMF Future Audience initiative]], where the goal is not to build polished products but test out new ideas, such as a [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiments: conversational/generative AI|ChatGPT plugin]] and [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiment:Add a Fact|Add a Fact]], to help take Wikimedia into the future. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 23 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-31 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:es:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]])&amp;#32;([[:nl:Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Nederlandsche Cocainefabriek Schinkelstraat Amsterdam architect HH Baanders 1902.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Nederlandsche Cocaïnefabriek''' (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈneːdərlɑntsə koːkaːˈinəfaːˌbrik]; English: Dutch Cocaine Factory) or NCF was an Amsterdam-based company producing cocaine for medical purposes in the 20th century. It imported its raw materials mainly from the Dutch East Indies and sold its products across Europe, making good profits especially in the early years of World War I. The NCF produced morphine, heroin and ephedrine as well. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:44, 29 July 2024 (UTC)''
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== Tech News: 2024-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors using the Visual Editor in languages that use non-Latin characters for numbers, such as Hindi, Manipuri and Eastern Arabic, may notice some changes in the formatting of reference numbers. This is a side effect of preparing a new sub-referencing feature, and will also allow fixing some general numbering issues in Visual Editor. If you notice any related problems on your wiki, please share details at the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|project talkpage]].

'''Bugs status'''
* Some logged-in editors were briefly unable to edit or load pages last week. [[phab:T370304|These errors]] were mainly due to the addition of new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|linter]] rules which led to caching problems. Fixes have been applied and investigations are continuing.
* Editors can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Information tool]] to get information about IP addresses. This tool is available as a Beta Feature in your preferences. The tool was not available for a few days last week, but is now working again. Thank you to Shizhao for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks#2024-07-25|28 other community-submitted tasks]] that were resolved last week.

'''Project updates'''
* There are new features and improvements to Phabricator from the Release Engineering and Collaboration Services teams, and some volunteers, including: the search systems, the new task creation system, the login systems, the translation setup which has resulted in support for more languages (thanks to Pppery), and fixes for many edge-case errors. You can [[phab:phame/post/view/316/iterative_improvements/|read details about these and other improvements in this summary]].
* There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|update on the Charts project]]. The team has decided which visualization library to use, which chart types to start focusing on, and where to store chart definitions.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9056|Czech]] ([[voy:cs:|&lt;code&gt;voy:cs:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370905] 

'''Learn more'''
* There is a [[diffblog:2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/|new Wikimedia Foundation data center]] in São Paulo, Brazil which helps to reduce load times.
* There is new [[diffblog:2024/07/22/the-perplexing-process-of-uploading-images-to-wikipedia/|user research]] on problems with the process of uploading images.
* Commons Impact Metrics are [[diffblog:2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/|now available]] via data dumps and API.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/July|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:11, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-32 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Suffrage drama]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Pamphlet from NAWSA for women's suffrage plays, page 1.jpg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Suffrage drama''' (also known as suffrage plays or suffrage theatre) is a form of dramatic literature that emerged during the British women's suffrage movement in the early twentieth century. Suffrage performances lasted approximately from 1907-1914. Many suffrage plays called for a predominant or all female cast. Suffrage plays served to reveal issues behind the suffrage movement. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:13, 5 August 2024 (UTC)''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Tech News: 2024-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Two new parser functions will be available this week: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#dir|#dir]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#bcp47|#bcp47]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. These will reduce the need for &lt;code&gt;Template:Dir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Template:BCP47&lt;/code&gt; on Commons and allow us to [[phab:T343131|drop 100 million rows]] from the &quot;what links here&quot; database. Editors at any wiki that use these templates, can help by replacing the templates with these new functions. The templates at Commons will be updated during the Hackathon at Wikimania. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359761][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366623]
* Communities can request the activation of the visual editor on entire namespaces where discussions sometimes happen (for instance ''Wikipedia:'' or ''Wikisource:'' namespaces) if they understand the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/FAQ#WPNS|known limitations]]. For discussions, users can already use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] in these namespaces.
* The tracking category &quot;Pages using Timeline&quot; has been renamed to &quot;Pages using the EasyTimeline extension&quot; [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3ATimeline-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 in TranslateWiki]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match.

'''Project updates'''
* Editors who help to organize WikiProjects and similar on-wiki collaborations, are invited to share ideas and examples of successful collaborations with the Campaigns and Programs teams. You can fill out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/WikiProjects|a brief survey]] or share your thoughts [[m:Talk:Campaigns/WikiProjects|on the talkpage]]. The teams are particularly looking for details about successful collaborations on non-English wikis.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The new parser is being rolled out on {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} wikis over the next few months. The {{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage}} and {{int:project-localized-name-hewikivoyage}} were [[phab:T365367|switched]] to Parsoid last week. For more information, see [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]].

'''Learn more'''
* There will be more than 200 sessions at Wikimania this week. Here is a summary of some of the [[diffblog:2024/08/05/interested-in-product-and-tech-here-are-some-wikimania-sessions-you-dont-want-to-miss/|key sessions related to the product and technology area]].
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/07-02|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/July|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New design previews for Translatable pages; Updates about MinT for Wiki Readers; the release of Translation dumps; and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/31|Growth newsletter]] is available.
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/July 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:44, 5 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-33 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Karatgurk]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:it:Karatgurk]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
In the Australian Aboriginal mythology of the Aboriginal people of south-eastern Australian state of Victoria, the '''Karatgurk''' were seven sisters who represented the constellation known in western astronomy as the Pleiades. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] --[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:13, 12 August 2024 (UTC)''
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&lt;/div&gt;
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== Tech News: 2024-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] editors and maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Show a CAPTCHA|make a CAPTCHA show if a filter matches an edit]]. This allows communities to quickly respond to spamming by automated bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20110]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|Stewards]] can now specify if global blocks should prevent account creation. Before [[phab:T17273|this change]] by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product]] Team, all global blocks would prevent account creation. This will allow stewards to reduce the unintended side-effects of global blocks on IP addresses.

'''Project updates'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#August_2024_committee_nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new members to refresh the [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]]. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open until at least 2024-08-26.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2880037|West Coast Bajau]] ([[w:bdr:|&lt;code&gt;w:bdr:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371757]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:22, 12 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-34 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:B1 (classification)]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''B1''' is a medical-based Paralympic classification for blind sport. Athletes in this classification are totally or almost totally blind. It is used by a number of blind sports including blind tennis, para-alpine skiing, para-Nordic skiing, blind cricket, blind golf, five-a-side football, goalball and judo. Some other sports, including adaptive rowing, athletics and swimming, have equivalents to this class.

The B1 classification was first created by the IBSA in the 1970s, and has largely remained unchanged since despite an effort by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) to move towards a more functional and evidence-based classification system. Classification is often handled on the international level by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) but it sometimes handled by national sport federations. There are exceptions for sports like athletics and cycling, where classification is handled by their own governing bodies.

Equipment utilized by competitors in this class may differ from sport to sport, and may include sighted guides, guide rails, beeping balls and clapsticks. There may be some modifications related to equipment and rules to specifically address needs of competitors in this class to allow them to compete in specific sports. Some sports specifically do not allow a guide, whereas cycling and skiing require one. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:56, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who want to re-use references but with different details such as page numbers, will be able to do so by the end of 2024, using a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Sub-referencing in a nutshell|sub-referencing]] feature. You can read more [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|about the project]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|how to test the prototype]].
* Editors using tracking categories to identify which pages use specific extensions may notice that six of the categories have been renamed to make them more easily understood and consistent. These categories are automatically added to pages that use specialized MediaWiki extensions. The affected names are for: [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aintersection-category&amp;namespace=8 DynamicPageList], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Akartographer-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Kartographer], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aphonos-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Phonos], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Arss-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 RSS], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Ascore-use-category&amp;namespace=8 Score], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Awikihiero-usage-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 WikiHiero]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. Thanks to Pppery for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347324]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Technical volunteers who edit modules and want to get a list of the categories used on a page, can now do so using the &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;categories&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; property of &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Title objects|mw.title objects]]&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This enables wikis to configure workflows such as category-specific edit notices. Thanks to SD001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85372]

'''Bugs status'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Your help is needed to check if any pages need to be moved or deleted. A maintenance script was run to clean up unreachable pages (due to Unicode issues or introduction of new namespaces/namespace aliases). The script tried to find appropriate names for the pages (e.g. by following the Unicode changes or by moving pages whose titles on Wikipedia start with &lt;code&gt;Talk:WP:&lt;/code&gt; so that their titles start with &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia talk:&lt;/code&gt;), but it may have failed for some pages, and moved them to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:PrefixIndex/T195546/]]&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Your community should check if any pages are listed there, and move them to the correct titles, or delete them if they are no longer needed. A full log (including pages for which appropriate names could be found) is available in [[phab:P67388]].
* Editors who volunteer as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|mentors]] to newcomers on their wiki are once again able to access lists of potential mentees who they can connect with to offer help and guidance. This functionality was restored thanks to [[phab:T372164|a bug fix]]. Thank you to Mbch331 for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and 18 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* The application deadline for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC) has been extended to September 16. Members will help by providing advice to Foundation Product and Technology leadership on short and long term plans, on complex strategic problems, and help to get feedback from more contributors and technical communities. Selected members should expect to spend roughly 5 hours per month for the Council, during the one year pilot. Please consider applying, and spread the word to volunteers you think would make a positive contribution to the committee.

'''Learn more'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award#2024 Winners|2024 Coolest Tool Awards]] were awarded at Wikimania, in seven categories. For example, one award went to the ISA Tool, used for adding structured data to files on Commons, which was recently improved during the [[m:Event:Wiki Mentor Africa ISA Hackathon 2024|Wiki Mentor Africa Hackathon]]. You can see video demonstrations of each tool at the awards page. Congratulations to this year's recipients, and thank you to all tool creators and maintainers.
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/08-01|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available, and includes some highlights from Wikimania, an upcoming Language community meeting, and other news from the movement.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:54, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27307284 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-35 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Erzi (village)]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Caucasus, Ingushetia, Ингушские боевые и смотровые башни, горы Кавказа.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Erzi''' (Russian: Эрзи; Ingush: Аьрзи, romanized: Ärzi, lit. 'Eagle') is a medieval village (aul) in the Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia. It is part of the rural settlement (administrative center) of Olgeti. The entire territory of the settlement is included in the Dzheyrakh-Assa State Historical-Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve and is under state protection. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 03:19, 26 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]].
* Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Bugs status'''
* Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization.
* Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013.

'''Learn more'''
* If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]].
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:34, 26 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633]
* Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243]
* Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]].

'''Project updates'''
* A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded.

'''Learn more'''
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:08, 3 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-37 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Cappadocian calendar]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''Cappadocian calendar''' was a solar calendar that was derived from the Persian Zoroastrian calendar. It is named after the historic region Cappadocia in present-day Turkey, where it was used. The calendar, which had 12 months of 30 days each and five epagomenal days, originated between 550 and 330 BC, when Cappadocia was part of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The Cappadocian calendar was identical to the Zoroastrian calendar; this can be seen in its structure, in the Avestan names and in the order of the months. The Cappadocian calendar reflects the Iranian cultural influence in the region. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:42, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;entity:getSitelink()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356]

'''Project updates'''
*  Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]
* Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:53, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Improvements and Maintenance'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]].
* The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag &quot;Edit Check (references) activated&quot; was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692]
* It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-message-box&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=&amp;title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cdx-message&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499]

'''Technical project updates'''
* Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]

'''Tech in depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: 
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task.
** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:03, 17 September 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27460876 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-39 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Independence Day (Albania)]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Independence Day''' (Albanian: Dita e Pavarësisë) is a public holiday in Albania observed on 28 November. It commemorates the Albanian Declaration of Independence (from the Ottoman Empire), which was ratified by the All-Albanian Congress on 28 November 1912, establishing the state of Albania. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 00:29, 23 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]]
* Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]&quot;. Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]].
* The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166]
* Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223]
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: 
** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too.
** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content.

'''In depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the &quot;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]&quot; and &quot;[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]&quot; subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:37, 23 September 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27493779 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-40 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Wildlife of Bahrain]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Birds in Al-Areen Wildlife Park.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The wildlife of the archipelago of Bahrain, is more varied than might be expected of this small group of islands in the Persian Gulf. Apart from a strip of the north and west of the main island, where crops are grown with irrigation, the land is arid. With a very hot dry summer, a mild winter, and brackish groundwater, the plants need adaptations in order to survive. Nevertheless, 196 species of higher plant have been recorded here, as well as about seventeen species of terrestrial mammals, many birds and reptiles, and many migratory birds visit the islands in autumn and spring. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:57, 30 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month.
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;?veaction=editsource&lt;/code&gt; to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796]
* For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the &quot;donate&quot; link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to &quot;Create an account&quot;. This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585]
* The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]].
* View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis.

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/]

'''Meetings and events'''
* October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa
* November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:21, 30 September 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27530062 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new &quot;Revert Risk&quot; machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422]
* View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* It is now possible for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; code blocks to offer readers a &quot;Copy&quot; button if the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;copy=1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932]
* Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]].
* Five new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|&lt;code&gt;w:kge:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|&lt;code&gt;m:mos:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|&lt;code&gt;q:gor:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|&lt;code&gt;n:shn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:43, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27557422 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-42 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Little Danes experiment]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fa:آزمایش دانمارکی‌های کوچک]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Children play at a Danish Red Cross-run orphanage in Greenland.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
The '''little Danes experiment''' was a 1951 Danish operation where 22 Greenlandic Inuit children were sent to Danish foster families in an attempt to re-educate them as &quot;little Danes&quot;. While the children were all supposed to be orphans, most were not. Six children were adopted while in Denmark, and sixteen returned to Greenland, only to be placed in Danish-speaking orphanages and never live with their families again. Half of the children experienced mental health disturbances, and half of them died in young adulthood. The government of Denmark officially apologised in 2020, after several years of demands from Greenlandic officials. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 03:16, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=27572997 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722]
* WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''hastemplate''&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''incategory''&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29]
* View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the &quot;search engine&quot; option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975]

'''In depth'''
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:22, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27597254 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-43 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Kharayeb]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Muharram 1Oth-Ashouraa 2007 in Kharayeb - panoramio.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Kharayeb''' (Arabic: الخرايب) is a historic town in the Sidon District in the South Governorate, Lebanon. The town is 77 km (48 mi) south of Beirut, and stands at an average altitude of 190 m (620 ft) above sea level. The town boasts a rich historical legacy, with archaeological excavations revealing a complex settlement history spanning from Prehistory to the Ottoman period. Notably, Kharayeb's origins can be traced back to the Persian period (539–330 BC), when it played a pivotal role in the region's agricultural and economic landscape, culminating in the construction of its Phoenician temple around the 6th century BC. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:38, 21 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the &quot;Donate&quot; button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years.
[[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]].
* Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]].
* View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556]
* It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}&lt;/code&gt; parser function. For example, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will show as &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. Previously, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#time:…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timef&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timefl&lt;/code&gt; for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{USERLANGUAGE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:lang}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects.
* The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content.

'''Meetings and events'''
* 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel.
* 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:53, 21 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27634672 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-44 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Christmas horror]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:es:Terror navideño]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Christmascarol1843 -- 169.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Christmas horror''' is a fiction genre and film genre that incorporates horror elements into a seasonal setting. It is popular in multiple countries.  

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:05, 28 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=27647428 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia].
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set &lt;code&gt;emitTransitionOnStep&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag &lt;code&gt;allowAutomaticBack&lt;/code&gt; to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528]
*  Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the &quot;Nuke&quot; tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:57, 28 October 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27668811 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-45 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Placenta cake]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:simple:Placenta cake]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Bucharest, Greek pie-maker, 1880.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Placenta cake''' is a dish from ancient Greece and Rome consisting of many dough layers interspersed with a mixture of cheese and honey and flavored with bay leaves, baked and then covered in honey. The dessert is mentioned in classical texts such as the Greek poems of Archestratos and Antiphanes, as well as the De agri cultura of Cato the Elder. It is often seen as the predecessor of baklava and börek. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:16, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=27647428 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949]
* Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help.
* The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446]
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/]

'''In depth'''
* Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance.
*  The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available.  It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:51, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27693917 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-46 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Trisomy 16]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Chromosome 16.svg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Trisomy 16''' is a chromosomal abnormality in which there are 3 copies of chromosome 16 rather than two. It is the most common trisomy leading to miscarriage and the second most common chromosomal cause of it, closely following X-chromosome monosomy. About 6% of miscarriages have trisomy 16. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:09, 11 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463]
* View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]&lt;/code&gt;, the logic of Wikibase function &lt;code&gt;getAllStatements&lt;/code&gt; changed to behave like &lt;code&gt;getBestStatements&lt;/code&gt;. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]].

'''In depth'''
* Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488]

'''Meetings and events'''
* 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] &amp; [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:08, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27732268 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-47 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Boana platanera]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Rana platanera - Boana platanera.jpg|300px|center]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''''Boana platanera''''', commonly known as the banana tree dwelling frog, is a species of tree frog in the family Hylidae. It is distributed within Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Trinidad and Tobago. Boana platanera was described in 2021, and individuals of the species were previously classified as Boana crepitans or Boana xerophylla. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:53, 18 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057]
* View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380]

'''In depth'''
* There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas.
* Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''.
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:01, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27806858 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-48 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Wang Su-bok]]'''&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;''([[:fa:وانگ سو بوک]])&amp;#32;([[:ko:왕수복]])''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Wang Su-bok''' was a singer from North Korea, who was the most popular singer in Japanese-occupied Korea in 1935. She was credited as a ground-breaking female artist, whose work led the way for the modern K-pop phenomenon. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 01:57, 25 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]].
* The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for bold and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928]
* Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;bswiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;elwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;euwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiquote&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiversity&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikivoyage&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;idwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;lvwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;plwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;ptwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;urwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;viwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. 
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to &quot;protected&quot; [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and un-selecting &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Live Autocompletion&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 25 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27847039 --&gt;

== Wikipedia translation of the week: 2024-49 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; margin:0; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa); border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#BBBBBB); padding .4em;color: inherit;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;The winner this [[m:Translation of the week/2024 translations|Translation of the week]] is

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:140%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:en:Storm Filomena]]'''&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;
Please be bold and help translate this article!
&lt;/div&gt;
----
[[File:Spain’s chilly blanket ESA22415247.jpeg|center|300px|]]
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left; padding: .4em;&quot;&gt;
'''Storm Filomena''' was an extratropical cyclone in early January 2021 that was most notable for bringing unusually heavy snowfall to parts of Spain, with Madrid recording its heaviest snowfall in over a century, and with Portugal being hit less severely. The eighth named storm of the 2020–21 European windstorm season, Filomena formed over the Atlantic Ocean close to the Canary Islands on 7 January, subsequently taking a slow track north-eastwards towards the Iberian Peninsula and then eastwards across the Mediterranean Sea. 

&lt;small&gt;(Please update the interwiki links on [[d:|Wikidata]] of your language version of the article after each week's translation is finished so that all languages are linked to each other.)&lt;/small&gt;
----
[[File:TOTW.svg|24px|]]  ''[[m:Translation of the week|About]] · '''[[m:Translation of the week/Translation candidates|Nominate/Review]]''' · [[m:Translation of the week/MassMessage|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 02:48, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Shizhao@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Translation_of_the_week/MassMessage&amp;oldid=27846897 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Two new parser functions were added this week. The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt; language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]].
* Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/]
* Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;arwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;cawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;mediawikiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;orwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiktionary&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wikidatawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910]
* This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the &quot;Download as PDF&quot; system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:23, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27873992 --&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild/Shrines</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>452328</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448849</id>
      <parentid>4395448</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:06:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>more difficult then &gt; more difficult than</comment>
      <origin>4448849</origin>
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      <text bytes="1234" sha1="ctzzk7drnve8rmn0n8o1kqpwi5f8160" xml:space="preserve">Shrines serve as miniature dungeons. Completion of the shrine awards the player a '''Spirit Orb''', alongside other potential benefits.

== Main Quest ==
Follow the Sheikah Slate

== Shrine Quests ==
Occasionally shrines will require a quest before being allowed to enter.

==Shrine Genres==
===Puzzles===
Many shrines revolve around using game mechanics to reach a goal. Sometimes you need to use Cryonis to build blocks of ice while other times may necessitate the use of Magnesis to pick up metal items. Fire may be needed to destroy vines and bombs could be used to blow holes in bombable blocks.
====Gyro Shrines====
Shrines revolving around the use of gyroscopic manipulation to solve a puzzle.
===Tests of Strength===
These combat oriented shrines test the player in combat, with victory resulting in completion of the shrine.
===Blessing===
Blessing shrines immediately award the player with a spirit orb. That is not to say blessing shrines are a freebie for the player, these shrines are typically protected by some sort of puzzle or quest in the overworld.
===Ballad of the Champions Shrines===
These shrines have special rules that make their completion more difficult than many standard shrines.
{{Status|0%}}
{{Bookcat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Strawberry Milkshake</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>457297</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448957</id>
      <parentid>4448347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:47:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448957</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1511" sha1="qcc3xf6qkjz70nabgrxle7mequjl7xz" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__{{recipe summary
| category = Beverage recipes
| servings = 
| time = 
| difficulty = 1
| image = [[File:Milkshake beverage strawberry drink-1021027.jpg|300px]]
| energy = 
| note = 
}}
{{recipe}}

This '''strawberry milkshake''' is a frozen [[Cookbook:Beverages|drink]] made from ice cream and strawberries.

== Ingredients ==
*[[Cookbook:Vanilla|Vanilla]] [[Cookbook:Ice Cream|ice cream]]
*[[Cookbook:Milk|Milk]]

*[[Cookbook:Whipped Cream|Whipped cream]] or [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping|whipped topping]]

*Frozen sliced sweetened [[Cookbook:Strawberry|strawberries]]

== Special equipment ==
*[[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]]

== Procedure ==
#Combine ice cream, milk, and strawberries in a blender.
#Blend until smooth, then transfer to a glass.
#Top with whipped cream, and serve immediately.

== Note, tips, and variations ==
*Always add less milk than needed to control the thickness of the shake. If you add too much milk and the milkshake is too thin, blend in more ice cream and/or frozen strawberries.
*Use sweetened strawberries for a very sweet taste. If you want a tarter milkshake, use unsweetened ones.
*It's preferable to use good quality ice cream.

[[Category:Strawberry recipes]]
[[Category:Milk beverage recipes‎]]
[[Category:Dessert recipes|Milkshake]]
[[Category:Frozen dessert recipes]]
[[Category:Beverage recipes]]
[[Category:Milkshake recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using whipped cream]]
[[Category:Recipes using ice cream]]
[[Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Requests for deletion/Anglican Liturgies</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>457782</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448796</id>
      <parentid>4314660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T15:29:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Atcovi</username>
        <id>1015207</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>archive</comment>
      <origin>4448796</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3301" sha1="nddarfpy7gwqp2nktdno3j2qxve1fak" xml:space="preserve">== [[Anglican Liturgies]] ==
{{closed|Scope of book was clarified, and book does fall within scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:48, 20 February 2023 (UTC)}}
This book appears to be a simple compilation of liturgical texts; I believe this is out of scope for Wikibooks and should be moved to Wikisource. @[[User:TrulyShruti|TrulyShruti]] pinging you because you are the primary contributor. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:22, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

: {{Keep}}  This book was only just created days ago, and is very incomplete.  It is intended to be more than mere compilation; and the material does not come from a single source (of the sort that would be found on WikiSource), but from a variety of sources, with additional information.  [[User:TrulyShruti|TrulyShruti]] ([[User talk:TrulyShruti|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TrulyShruti|contribs]]) 19:54, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
:{{keep}}, at least until its closer to completion and we can see whether it fits WB's scope. {{User:L10nM4st3r/sig.css}} 21:25, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
::Got it, thank you! @[[User:TrulyShruti|TrulyShruti]], could you clarify the scope/intention of the book on its main page? As it stands, the description says only that it consists of &quot;Liturgical texts from the Anglican tradition, in the public domain, as written in the original sources,&quot; and this would seem to [[Wikibooks:What_is_Wikibooks#Wikibooks_is_not_a_mirror_or_a_text_repository|fall outside of Wikibooks' scope]]. However, if it will go beyond that, it would be super helpful to elaborate upon this; then, other people will be able to contribute as well. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:07, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
::: Annotated liturgical texts with background &amp; commentary &amp; notes regarding use.  [[User:TrulyShruti|TrulyShruti]] ([[User talk:TrulyShruti|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TrulyShruti|contribs]]) 01:46, 20 February 2023 (UTC)
::::{{Keep}} Great! That falls within scope, and thank you for clarifying it on the book's home page :) —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:45, 20 February 2023 (UTC)
:{{Keep}}, annotated texts are allowed in Wikibooks. -[[User:Slava Ukrajini Heroyam Slava|Slava Ukrajini Heroyam Slava]] ([[User talk:Slava Ukrajini Heroyam Slava|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Slava Ukrajini Heroyam Slava|contribs]]) 11:07, 20 February 2023 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Anglican Liturgies]] #2 ==
{{closed|'''Deleted''' - seems to be no additional development since previous RFD discussion back in early 2023, so I've deleted the book. —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 15:26, 2 December 2024 (UTC)}}
Abandoned, no meaningful content. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:04, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
{{end closed}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 1/Exercises</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>462013</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448963</id>
      <parentid>4448194</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T04:00:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4448963</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29785" sha1="5ch9dierwffoefvgfnx5tkcm5c8i7pc" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 1.

This set contains 125 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.1&lt;/u&gt; (Alien Society)''' Imagine you came across an alien from a distant planet, where all of its civilians have a solid grasp of English and had three fingers on each hand. Though this civilization is intelligent, they had never learned what &quot;counting&quot; is or how to do it. In addition to that, they had never learned about what a &quot;number&quot; is, what they're called, or what they looked like. Think about how you might teach this civilian about counting and numbers so that they can go back to their planet to teach their people of this knowledge. What tools might you use to explain the idea? What are some of the concepts you'd want to get across? What are some of the difficulties that might arise from this task? 

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.2&lt;/u&gt; (What is a Number?)''' Define what a &quot;number&quot; is in your own words. Define what a &quot;numeral&quot; is in your own words.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.3&lt;/u&gt; (Sign of Zero)''' Is the number zero positive, negative, or neither? Explain your reasoning.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.4&lt;/u&gt; (Difference of Decimals)''' What is the difference between &quot;ten&quot; and &quot;one-tenth&quot;?

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.5&lt;/u&gt; (Picture Perfect)''' Suppose the number line actually existed physically. Would you be able to take a photo of the entire number line if you backed away far enough?

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.6&lt;/u&gt; (Explaining the Writing of Numbers)''' Explain in your own words how you write numbers, both in word form and with numerical symbols.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.7&lt;/u&gt; (Largest Number Possible)''' What is the largest and smallest three-digit number you can write using the digits 0, 8, and 4? Use each digit only once, and explain how you obtained your results. If you wrote these numbers to the right of a decimal point, what is the largest number you can make.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.8&lt;/u&gt; (A Million)''' A million is one thousand thousands. Explain how this is so.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.9&lt;/u&gt; (Reading it Wrong)''' Explain what is wrong with reading &quot;50,002&quot; as &quot;fifty-thousand and two&quot;. Explain what is wrong with reading &quot;2.203&quot; as &quot;two and two hundred and three thousanths&quot;. 

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.10&lt;/u&gt; (Problem with Fractions)''' Why can't we say that 3/5 of the figure below have been shaded in?

[[File:Not Three-Fifths.png|center|300px|Image: 300 pixels]]

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.11&lt;/u&gt; (Large Numbers)''' Determine if the following is true: &quot;The more digits a number has, the larger it is&quot;.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.12&lt;/u&gt; (Signs)''' A fast-food menu has the cost of a hamburger listed as .99¢. Explain what is wrong with this.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q.13&lt;/u&gt; (Division Symbols)''' Write three symbols that can be used for division.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.14&lt;/u&gt; (Reciprocal of Zero)''' Does the number 0 have a reciprocal? Explain.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.15&lt;/u&gt; (Which is Larger?)''' Explain how to determine which fraction is larger, &lt;math&gt;\frac{7}{16}&lt;/math&gt;, or &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.16&lt;/u&gt; (LCM vs LCD)''' Explain the difference between the LCM and LCD.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.17&lt;/u&gt; (Decimal Operations)''' Explain how addition with decimals is comparable to addition with whole numbers, how are they different? Do the same thing with multiplication with decimals.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.18&lt;/u&gt; (Steps of the Order of Operations)''' In your own words, explain the four steps of the order of operations.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.19&lt;/u&gt; (Steps of the Order of Operations II)''' Does the Order of Operations indicate that you perform Addition before Subtraction? Does it indicate that you perform Multiplication before Division? Explain your reasoning for both questions.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.20&lt;/u&gt; (Viral Math Expression)''' The seemingly simple expression below has stumped many people across the Internet. Some will argue the answer is 9, while others will argue it is 1. However, there is a fundamental issue with the way that the expression is written, leading to these two different answers, can you figure out what it is?
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;6 / 2(1+2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.21&lt;/u&gt; (Even Prime Number)''' Explain why 2 is the only even prime number.

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.22&lt;/u&gt; (Consecutive Numbers)''' What is the LCM of two consecutive numbers? What is the GCF of two consecutive numbers?

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.23&lt;/u&gt; (Infinite Decimal Expansions)''' Suppose the numerator of a fraction is 142. What numbers should be in the denominator for the fraction's decimal expansion to be finite? What numbers should be in the denominator for the fraction's decimal expansion to be infinite?

'''&lt;u&gt;Q1.24&lt;/u&gt; (SI Units)''' What are the SI units for length, mass, and time?

==Exercises==

===Section 1.1===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.1&lt;/u&gt; (Locating Numbers)''' Order the set of numbers below from least to greatest. Afterwards, draw a number line, and then figure out where they might be located on it.
&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;2.1, -4,\ \frac{1}{2},\ 3.99,\ -\frac{3}{4},\ -0.25,\ 0.0001,\ -2.3&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.2&lt;/u&gt; (Comparing Numbers)''' For each given pair of numbers, determine which of the two is larger.

'''1'''. 4, 100&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. 9, 9.0001&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. -7, -2&lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. -5, 0&lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. 100, 100

'''&lt;u&gt;1.3&lt;/u&gt; (Weighing Bull Sharks)''' A biologist is studying bull shark populations. She records the weights of four sharks, in pounds, that she has caught. Order the bull sharks from lightest to heaviest.
&lt;center&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Bull Shark Weights
|-
! Shark !! Weight 
|-
| Shark 1|| 130.5 kg
|-
| Shark 2|| 213.2 kg
|-
| Shark 3|| 97.7 kg
|-
| Shark 4|| 97.1 kg
|}
&lt;/center&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.4&lt;/u&gt; (Place Values)''' Find the place value of the number 5 in each of the following numbers.
&lt;!--Should contain ten items--&gt;

'''1'''. 5,000,000&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. 0.5&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. 105&lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. 3572896&lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. 123,456,789&lt;br&gt;
'''6'''. 0.000005&lt;br&gt;
'''7'''. 8051&lt;br&gt;
'''8'''. 85,931&lt;br&gt;
'''9'''. 800,025&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.5&lt;/u&gt; (Writing Numbers)''' Translate the following to mathematical symbols
&lt;!--Should contain ten items--&gt;

'''1'''. eleven&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. two-hundred seventy&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. three-million two-hundred-thirty-four-thousand five-hundred sixty-seven

'''&lt;u&gt;1.6&lt;/u&gt; (Writing Numbers in Words)''' Write the following numbers in words
&lt;!--Should contain ten items--&gt;

'''1'''. 9 &lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. 10 &lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. 274 &lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. 8,322 &lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. 1,000,000,009 &lt;br&gt;
'''6'''. 1,343,234,985 &lt;br&gt;
'''7'''. 0.01 &lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.7&lt;/u&gt; (Numbers in Expanded Form)''' In the number 7,893, there are &quot;7 thousands&quot;, &quot;8 hundreds&quot;, &quot;9 tens&quot;, and &quot;3 ones&quot;. We therefore say that a number is in '''expanded form''' when it is written as follows:

{{center| '''7''' thousands + '''8''' hundreds + '''9''' tens + '''3''' ones &lt;br&gt; or &lt;br&gt; 7000 + 800 + 9 + 3}}

Write the following numbers in expanded form:

'''1'''. 473&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. 6852&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. 73,016&lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. 570,003&lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. 3,519,803&lt;br&gt;
'''6'''. 48,000,061&lt;br&gt;
'''7'''. 37.89&lt;br&gt;
'''8'''. 124.575&lt;br&gt;
'''9'''. 7496.5467&lt;br&gt;
'''10'''. 6.40941&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.8&lt;/u&gt; (Reading Meters)''' The amount of electricity used in a household is measured in kilowatt-hours
(kwh). Determine the reading on the meter shown below. (When the pointer is between two numbers, read the lower number.)

&lt;center&gt;[[File:Hydro quebec meter.JPG|200px]]&lt;/center&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.9&lt;/u&gt; (Fraction Diagrams)''' Write a fraction to describe what part of the diagrams below are shaded. Write a fraction to describe what part of the diagrams aren't shaded in.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.10&lt;/u&gt; (Fruit Basket)''' A basket of fruit holds 5 mangoes, 7 apples, 12 oranges, and 20 pomegranates. &lt;br&gt;
'''1'''. What fraction of the fruits in the basket are apples?&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. What fraction of the fruits in the basket are &lt;b&gt;not&lt;/b&gt; oranges?&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. What fraction of the fruits in the basket are oranges or pomegranates?

===Section 1.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.11&lt;/u&gt; (Expressions)''' Simplify the following expressions involving basic operations.
&lt;!---Should contain 30 items---&gt;
'''1.''' 2 + 5&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' 7 - 4&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' 16 - 9

'''&lt;u&gt;1.12&lt;/u&gt; (Operations on the Number Line)''' Determine the performed operation that is being represented in each diagram.
&lt;!---Should contain 5 items---&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.13&lt;/u&gt; (Make 1000 out of 8)''' Eight digits “8” are written together, like below, and plus signs “+” are inserted in between to get the sum of 1000. Where were the plus signs added?

&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8 \ \ \ 8&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.14&lt;/u&gt; (Unknown Sum)''' In the addition problem below, '''A''', '''B''', and '''C''' each represent three different digits. What are the digits?

&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{r}AAA\\ + \ BBB \\ \hline AAAC\end{array}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.15&lt;/u&gt; (Unknown Product)''' A six-digit number with 1 as its left-most digit is three times bigger when we put the one at the end of the number instead. What number is this?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.16&lt;/u&gt; (Turtles)''' Tony and Aaron go to the park. They can see 17 turtles sunning themselves on an island in the middle of a pond around the lake. As Tony and Aaron circle the lake to count the turtles they hear 24 plops as they scare more turtles from the shore. How many turtles do Tony and Aaron know live in the lake?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.17&lt;/u&gt; (Bricks)''' A bricklayer stacks bricks in 3 rows, with 9 bricks in each row. On top of each row, there is a stack of 6 bricks. How many bricks are there in total?

[[File:HardingMemorial-Gutters.jpg|right|thumb|A set of stamps (For Problem 1.18)]]
'''&lt;u&gt;1.18&lt;/u&gt; (Stamp Collection)''' The picture to the right shows stamps, arranged in four groups of four. How many stamps are in that image? While you can count them individually, there is a much faster way of getting the total.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.19&lt;/u&gt; (Marbles)''' Lana has 3 bags with the same amount of marbles in them, totaling 12 marbles. Markus has 3 bags with the same amount of marbles in them, totaling 18 marbles. How many more marbles does Markus have in each bag?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.20&lt;/u&gt; (Pine Tree Garden)''' A landscape designer intends to plant pine trees 14 feet apart to form a windscreen along one side of a flower garden. How many trees are needed if the length of the flower garden is 896 feet?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.21&lt;/u&gt; (Cereal Factory)''' A cereal factory produces 153,600 ounces of cereal each day. Each box contains 16 ounces. The boxes are packaged in bundles of 6 boxes per bundle, then stacked on pallets, 25 bundles to a pallet. Finally, the pallets are loaded onto trucks, 24 pallets to each truck

'''1.''' How many boxes of cereal are produced each day?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many bundles are produced?&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' How many pallets are needed?&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' How many trucks are needed? Explain your reasoning.

===Section 1.3===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.22&lt;/u&gt; (Exponential Form)''' Write the following in exponential form.

'''1.''' 8 * 8 * 8 * 8&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' 16 * 16 * 16&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' 7 * 7 * 7 * 7 * 7&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' 24 * 24 * 24&lt;br&gt;
'''5.''' 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.23&lt;/u&gt; (Exponent and Radical Expressions)''' Evaluate the following expressions.
&lt;!--Should include exactly 15 items--&gt;

'''1.''' &lt;math&gt;3^2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' &lt;math&gt;0^{150}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' &lt;math&gt;5^3&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.24&lt;/u&gt; (Hydra)''' Lerna’s Hydra is a mythological character that appears in some stories such as the ''12 Tasks of Hercules''. The Hydra was a one-headed monster but when it is cut off, 2 more heads grow in its place. If a hero were to try and kill it by cutting off all of its heads every day, how many heads would the Hydra have on the third day? And at the end of 10 days of trying to kill it?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.25&lt;/u&gt; (Bank Account)''' Nick deposits $2 into a bank account on the first day, $4 on the second day, and $8 on the third day. He will continue to double the deposit each day. How much will he deposit on the tenth day?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.26&lt;/u&gt; (Tearing Paper)''' You tear a piece of paper in half. Then, you tear each remaining sheet of paper in half again. You tear the collection of papers 5 times over all. When you are done, how many scraps of paper do you have?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.27&lt;/u&gt; (Powers of 1)''' Find &lt;math&gt;1^2&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;1^3&lt;/math&gt;, and &lt;math&gt;1^4&lt;/math&gt;. What can you assume about any power of 1?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.28&lt;/u&gt; (Powers of 10)''' Find &lt;math&gt;10^2&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;10^3&lt;/math&gt;, and &lt;math&gt;10^4&lt;/math&gt;. What can you assume about any power of 10?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.29&lt;/u&gt; (Zeroes)''' How many zeroes would you need to write the number &lt;math&gt;10^{1000}&lt;/math&gt;?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.30&lt;/u&gt; (Image Enlargement)''' Suppose you are enlarging an image that is initially 300 pixels wide on your computer. Each time you press a button on a program it, its width doubles. If you enlarge the image four times, how wide will it be?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.31&lt;/u&gt; (Coffee Table)''' A square coffee table has an area of 196 square inches. What is the length of one side of the table?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.32&lt;/u&gt; (Relatives)''' Everybody is born to &lt;small&gt;&lt;math&gt;2^1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/small&gt; biological parents. Our parents each had &lt;small&gt;&lt;math&gt;2^1 + 2^1&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/small&gt; biological parents. We can say that our grandparents are &lt;small&gt;&lt;math&gt;2^2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/small&gt; mathematically as the number of our ancestors doubles with each generation we go back. 

'''1.''' How many times would 2 be multiplied to determine the number of great grandparents?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many times would 2 be multiplied to determine the number of great-great grandparents?&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' How many people would be our 2&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; ancestors?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.33&lt;/u&gt; (Root of 37)''' To the nearest tenth, what is the square root of 37?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.34&lt;/u&gt; (Root of 2000)''' Between what two whole numbers is &lt;math&gt; \sqrt(2000) &lt;/math&gt;?

===Section 1.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.35&lt;/u&gt; (Listing Prime and Composite Numbers)''' 

'''1'''. List the first 10 prime numbers.&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. List the first 10 composite numbers.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.36&lt;/u&gt; (Prime or Composite?)''' Determine if the following numbers are prime, composite, or neither.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.37&lt;/u&gt; (Factors)''' Find all of the factors of the following numbers&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.38&lt;/u&gt; (Prime Factorization)''' Find the prime factorization of the following numbers.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' 693

'''&lt;u&gt;1.39&lt;/u&gt; (Least Common Multiple)''' Find the least common multiple of the following sets of numbers.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.40&lt;/u&gt; (Greatest Common Factor)''' Find the greatest common factor of the following sets of numbers.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.41&lt;/u&gt; (Divisibility Table)''' Refer to the table below. If the given number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, enter a checkmark in the appropriate box.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 || 10
|-
|2940 || || || || || || || || || 
|-
|5850 || || || || || || || || || 
|-
|}

'''&lt;u&gt;1.42&lt;/u&gt; (Using Divisibility Rules)''' Use divisibility tests to find the remainder of the following quotients:

'''&lt;u&gt;1.43&lt;/u&gt; (Italian Restaurant)''' An Italian restaurant receives a shipment of 95 veal cutlets. If it takes 4 cutlets to make a dish, how many cutlets will the restaurant have left over after making as many dishes as possible? What is the maximum number of dishes the restaurant can make with the shipment?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.44&lt;/u&gt; (Soup Bowls)''' Four bowls; each holding 12  16, 28, and 36 ounces respectively; can hold an exact number of full ladles of soup.

'''1.''' If there is no spillage, what is the greatest size ladle (in ounces) that one can use for all four bowls?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many ladles will it take to fill all four bowls?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.45&lt;/u&gt; (Sieve of Eratosthenes)''' The '''Sieve of Eratosthenes''' is an ancient algorithm used to find the prime numbers up to any given limit. It is one of the most efficient ways to find small prime numbers.

===Section 1.5===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.46&lt;/u&gt; (Integer Expressions)''' Evaluate each expression.
&lt;!---Should contain 30 items---&gt;
'''1.''' (-4) + 2&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' (-6) - 1

'''&lt;u&gt;1.47&lt;/u&gt; (Comparing Absolute Values)''' For each given pair of numbers, determine which of the two is larger.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.48&lt;/u&gt; (Temperature)''' The temperature at 6 p.m. was 31°F. By midnight, it had dropped 40 °F.
What was the temperature at midnight?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.49&lt;/u&gt; (Multiple-Choice Test)''' To discourage random guessing on a multiple choice exam, a professor assigns 4 points for a correct answer, -2 points for an incorrect answer, and -1 point for leaving the question blank. What is the score for a student who had 18 correct answers, 9 incorrect answers, and had left 2 questions blank?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.50&lt;/u&gt; (Atoms)''' Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge (+1), neutrons have a neutral charge (0), and electrons have a negative charge (-1).

'''1.''' In Atom A, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons are there?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' What is the net charge of Atom A?&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' In Atom B, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons are there?&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' What is the net charge of Atom B?

===Section 1.6===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.51&lt;/u&gt; (Mixed Fractions)''' Write the following improper fractions as mixed fractions.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.52&lt;/u&gt; (Fractions Operations)''' Simplify the following expressions involving fractions.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.53&lt;/u&gt; (Sharing Pizza)''' Billy's family ordered a large pizza. His father had &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}&lt;/math&gt; of it, and his mother had &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}&lt;/math&gt; of what remained. Later on, Billy's sister ate some pizza, and then Billy had the remaining pizza when there was exactly a half of what they started with (Billy is a large kid). What fraction of what their parents had left for her did the sister have?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.54&lt;/u&gt; (Figure Drawing)''' As an aid in drawing the human body, artists divide the body into three parts. Each part is then expressed as a fraction of the total body height. For example, the torso is &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{15}&lt;/math&gt; of the body height, and &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{5}&lt;/math&gt; their body is below the waist. What fraction of body height is the head?

===Section 1.7===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.55&lt;/u&gt; (Decimal Expressions)''' Simplify the following expressions involving decimals.
&lt;!---Should contain 30 items---&gt;
'''&lt;u&gt;1.56&lt;/u&gt; (Percentage Questions)''' Answer the following questions involving percentages.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.57&lt;/u&gt; (Fractions and Decimals)''' Use long division to find the decimal expansion of each fraction.

{|style=&quot;border-spacing: 3em .5em;&quot;
|-
|'''1'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{27}{100}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''2'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{11}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''3'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{142}{4}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''4'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{11}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|-
|'''5'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{14}{13}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''6'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{7000}{9}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''7'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{11}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|'''8'''. &lt;math&gt;\frac{6555555}{3}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|}

'''&lt;u&gt;1.58&lt;/u&gt; (Conversions)''' Convert the following fractions into percentages.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.59&lt;/u&gt; (Distance from the Moon and Earth)''' The distance between the moon and the Earth is approximately 238,900 miles. Write this value in scientific notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.60&lt;/u&gt; (Radius of an Atom)''' The radius of an atom is approximately 1.6 x 10-10 meters. Write this value in standard form.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.61&lt;/u&gt; (Terminating and Repeating Decimals)''' You may notice from '''Problem 1.57''' that when you convert a fraction to a decimal, you will sometimes get what is called a '''repeating decimal'''. Take for example the fraction &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{11}&lt;/math&gt;.

&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{11} = 0.272727272727...&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

The decimal form of &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{11}&lt;/math&gt; consists of the two digits 2 and 7 in an infinitely repeating sequence. To simplify things, instead of writing the above, we denote it as 0.27. Use this bar notation to write each of the repeating decimals from '''Problem 1.57'''.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.62&lt;/u&gt; (Periods of Fractions)''' We see that in the fraction from below, the fractional part repeats after two digits. 

&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{11} = 0.272727272727...&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

We say that this number has a '''period''' of 2. Likewise, we say that the number &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{7}&lt;/math&gt; has a period of 6, because the number repeats after 6 digits. From the numbers below, which of them has the largest period?

'''1.''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{7}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{9}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''5.''' &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{14}&lt;/math&gt;

===Section 1.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.63&lt;/u&gt; (First Step)''' Determine the first step you would take to evaluate the following expressions. Explain your reasoning.

'''1'''. &lt;math&gt;15 - 3 * 4&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. &lt;math&gt;13 + (20 / 5) * 2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. &lt;math&gt;8 + 2(10 - 4)&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.64&lt;/u&gt; (Using the Order of Operations)''' Simplify the following expressions using the Order of Operations.
&lt;!--Should include exactly 60 items with increasing difficulty (More operations, numbers, and variety in operations)--&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''1'''. &lt;math&gt; 2 + 6 - 7 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt; 
'''2'''. &lt;math&gt; 6 + 10 * 2 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt; 
'''3'''. &lt;math&gt; 12 &lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt; 4 * 6 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' &lt;math&gt;\ |3-16|&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. &lt;math&gt; 12 * 4 &lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt; 6 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''6'''. &lt;math&gt; 10 + 3^2 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''7'''. &lt;math&gt; 11 - 2^2 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''8'''. &lt;math&gt; (10 - 3)^2 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''9'''. &lt;math&gt; \sqrt(15 - 6) &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''10'''. &lt;math&gt;(-2)^2(3)^3&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''11'''. &lt;math&gt; 4*2^3 - 11 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''12'''. &lt;math&gt; 36 &lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt; 2 &lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt; 6 &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''13'''. &lt;math&gt; 18 + 36&lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt;4 * 3&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''14.''' &lt;math&gt;\ |1 - \sqrt{3}| + |2 - \sqrt{2}| - |\sqrt{3} - \sqrt{2}|&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''15'''. &lt;math&gt; \frac{(12-5)^2 + 2^3}{3(13 - 6) - (8 + 7)} &lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''16'''. &lt;math&gt; (12-9)^3 + 420&lt;/math&gt; ÷ &lt;math&gt;[3 * 5 + (19-13)]&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''17.''' &lt;math&gt;\ \frac{|-(-5)|-|3|}{-3}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt; 
'''18.''' &lt;math&gt;\ \frac{2|3*2^2 - 1| - 10|-2|}{6}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''19.''' &lt;math&gt;\ \frac{(5-6)^2 - 2|3-7|}{89 - 3*5^2}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''20'''. &lt;math&gt; 4&lt;/math&gt;{&lt;math&gt;18 - [(10 - 8) + 2^3]&lt;/math&gt;}&lt;math&gt; - &lt;/math&gt;{&lt;math&gt;[485 - 168 + 392] + 45 - 24 * 16&lt;/math&gt;} ÷ &lt;math&gt;8&lt;/math&gt; &lt;!--Is meant to be the most difficult item in the set, and thus the last one--&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.65&lt;/u&gt; (Find the Mistakes)''' Find the mistake in each of the following, then explain how the expression should be solved correctly. 
&lt;!--Should include exactly 5 items--&gt;&lt;br&gt;

===Section 1.9===

'''&lt;u&gt;1.66&lt;/u&gt; (Appropriate Prefixes)''' For each scenario, determine which metric prefix on the meter is most appropriate.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.67&lt;/u&gt; (Soda Can)''' How many  milliliters of soda are in a 12.0 fl oz can? (1 fl oz = 29.6 mL)

'''&lt;u&gt;1.68&lt;/u&gt; (Soda Bottle)''' A bottle of soda has a volume of 16.0 fl oz. How many gallons does the bottle contain?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.69&lt;/u&gt; (Pounds)''' A pound is equal to 16 ounces. How many pounds are in 435 ounces? 

'''&lt;u&gt;1.70&lt;/u&gt; (Pancake Mix)''' A certain recipe for pancakes calls for 4 tablespoons of baking powder to make the batter. How many cups of baking powder is 4 tablespoons?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.71&lt;/u&gt; (Paperclip)''' A paperclip weighs 0.03 oz. How much does a paperclip weigh in grams?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.72&lt;/u&gt; (Nanoseconds)''' A light-nanosecond is the distance light travels in 1 ns. Convert 1 ft to 1 light-nanosecond.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.73&lt;/u&gt; (Hummingbird)''' A hummingbird's wings beats 65 times per second. How many wingbeats does a hummingbird do per minute?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.74&lt;/u&gt; (Rough Diamond)''' The largest single rough diamond ever found, the Cullinan Diamond, weighed 3106 carats. One carat is equivalent to the mass of 0.20 grams. 

'''1.''' What is the mass of this diamond in milligrams?&lt;br&gt; 
'''2.''' What is the diamond's weight in pounds?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.75&lt;/u&gt; (Heartbeats)''' On average, the heart of a healthy adult, while resting, can range from 60 to 100 heart beats.

'''1.''' How many times does a resting healthy adult's heart beat in a day, on the lower range?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many times does a resting healthy adult's heart beat in a day, on the higher range?

===Section 1.10===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.76&lt;/u&gt; (Significant Figures)''' Count the number of significant figures in the following numbers.
&lt;!--Should contain 12 items--&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.77&lt;/u&gt; (Operations with Significant Figures)''' Perform the following operations with the correct numbers of significant figures.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.78&lt;/u&gt; (Speed of Light)''' The speed of light is 983,571,072 m/s.

'''1.''' Round this value to the nearest million.&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Round this value to the nearest ten million.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Round this value to the nearest hundred million.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Of the three estimates, figure out which one is the most accurate, and which is the most precise.

===Section 1.11===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.79&lt;/u&gt; (Measures of Center and Spread)''' Find the mean, median, mode, and range of the following data sets:

===Section 1.12===
'''&lt;u&gt;1.80&lt;/u&gt; (Patterns)''' Determine the next item in the patterns below:

'''&lt;u&gt;1.81&lt;/u&gt; (Hugs)''' Eight people are at a group therapy session. Everyone hugs everyone once. How many hugs take place? 

'''&lt;u&gt;1.82&lt;/u&gt; (Pocket Change)''' Carrie has ten pockets and 44 dollar bills. She wants to have a different amount of money in each pocket. Can she do it?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.83&lt;/u&gt; (Cutting Pizza)''' How can you cut a pizza into 11 slices by only cutting it 4 times?

==Reason and Apply==

'''&lt;u&gt;1.84&lt;/u&gt; (Count the 24ths)''' Without performing division, how many &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{24}&lt;/math&gt;'s are in &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{3}?&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.85&lt;/u&gt; (Half the Difference)''' Find a rational number which is one-half the difference between &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{11}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{11}&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.86&lt;/u&gt; (Negative Negative Negative Negative...)''' 

'''1'''. What is &lt;math&gt;-(-(-2))&lt;/math&gt;?&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. What is &lt;math&gt;-(-(-(-2)))&lt;/math&gt;?&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. What if there were 20 minus signs in front of the 2?&lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. What if there were 75 minus signs in front of the 2?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.87&lt;/u&gt; (The Turtle and the Wall)''' A turtle is 2 feet away from a wall. It then moves halfway to the wall and stops. Afterwards, it then moves one-half the remaining distance before it stops again. If it continues to move one-half the remaining distance to the wall, how far will it be from the wall after moving a fifth time?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.88&lt;/u&gt; (Rulers)''' Look at the diagram of a ruler below.

1. How many tick marks are between 0 and 1?&lt;br&gt;
2. What number is the arrow pointing to?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.89&lt;/u&gt; (Page Numbers)''' How many numerals are required to number all of the pages of a book containing 450 pages?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.90&lt;/u&gt; (Operations with Repeating Decimals)''' Calculate:

'''1'''. 0.55555... + 0.66666...&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. 0.99999... + 0.11111...&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. 1.11111... - 0.22222...&lt;br&gt;
'''4'''. 0.33333... * 0.66666...&lt;br&gt;
'''5'''. 1.22222... * 0.81818...&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.91&lt;/u&gt; (Twin Primes)''' Twin primes are two numbers that are prime that differ from two. Two such numbers are 17 and 19. Find three more pairs of numbers besides 17 and 19 that are twin primes.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.92&lt;/u&gt; (Huge Powers)''' Put the following in order from smallest to largest.

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;{2}^{800}&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;{3}^{500}&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;{5}^{400}&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;{6}^{300}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;1.93&lt;/u&gt; (Percentage of Squares)''' What percent of all of the numbers between 1 and 1,000,000 are square numbers?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.94&lt;/u&gt; (Square Garden)''' Susan’s garden has an area of 125 square yards. To figure out how much soil she needs to purchase, Susan needs to know the area of her garden in square feet. What is the area of Susan’s garden in square feet?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.95&lt;/u&gt; (Volume Conversion)'''  The volume of a box is 78.8 cubic centimeters. What is this volume in cubic feet?

==Challenge Problems==
'''&lt;u&gt;1.96&lt;/u&gt; (Digits out of 12)''' What is the largest multiple of 12 that can be written with the digits from 0 to 9 exactly once?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.97&lt;/u&gt; (Which is Bigger?)''' Which is bigger? &lt;math&gt;{10}^{250}&lt;/math&gt; or &lt;math&gt;{6}^{300}&lt;/math&gt;?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.98&lt;/u&gt; (One to Ten)''' To get yourself thinking about this, try this simple mathematical game:

Take the numbers 1 through 10 on the left side of an equation, and pick a number for the right side.

Example:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 = 1

Now put operators between those numbers. Only use parentheses when necessary. 

Example:
1 + 2 - 3 + 4 - 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 - 9 - 10 = 1

'''1.''' Change the number on the right-hand side. Can you generate an expression for this number?  If not, can you prove why not?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Does this change if you change the order of the numbers?

'''&lt;u&gt;1.99&lt;/u&gt; (Diffy Squares)''' Draw a square. One each of the corners of that square, write the numbers 7, 5, 9, and 2. Now, draw a second square around the first one so that it it goes through each of the four corners. At each corner of the second square, write the difference of the numbers at the closest corners of the smaller square: 7-5 = 2, 9-5 = 4, 9-2 = 7, and 7-2 = 5.

Repeat this process until you come to a pattern of four numbers that do not change. 

'''1'''. What is the pattern?&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. Try this same procedure with another set of four starting numbers. Do you end up with the same pattern?&lt;br&gt;
'''3'''. Explain what happened.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.100&lt;/u&gt; (The Binary Number System)''' Typically, numbers are represented in base-10, meaning they are represented with the digits 0 to 9. We call these '''decimal numbers'''. Contrary to decimal numbers, '''binary numbers''', or numbers represented in base-2, use bits, 0 and 1. For example:

&lt;center&gt;100101110 is the number 302 in base-2.&lt;/center&gt;

We can convert between the two bases by realizing that base-10 relies on powers of 10. From this, this means that base-2 relies on powers of 2. The first place being &lt;math&gt;2^1&lt;/math&gt;, the second place being  &lt;math&gt;2^2&lt;/math&gt;, the third place being &lt;math&gt;2^3&lt;/math&gt;, and so forth.

'''1'''. Convert the following numbers to binary.&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. Convert the following numbers to decimals.

'''&lt;u&gt;1.101&lt;/u&gt; (The Hexadecimal Number System)''' There are 16 different digits that make up '''hexadecimal numbers''', numbers that are of base-16. These are the digits 0 to 9, as well as the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F.

'''1'''. Convert the following numbers to hexadecimals.&lt;br&gt;
'''2'''. Convert the following numbers to decimals.

{{bookcat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Canadian Refugee Procedure/Chairperson Guidelines</title>
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      <comment>/* The RAD need not refer to a specific portion of a guideline where it is not raised on appeal */</comment>
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      <text bytes="26167" sha1="cqln0nj65tw3nagul9epzqs1u9xs9cd" xml:space="preserve">== Chairperson Guidelines ==
The IRB has issued a series of Chairperson Guidelines relevant to the work of the refugee divisions, the most commonly dealt with being ''Guideline 3: Proceedings Involving Minors,''&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 3: Proceedings Involving Minors at the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​​​​​​​​​​​Effective date: October 3​1, 2023, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir03.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 31, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ''Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings,''&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​Amended: October 31, 2023, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir04.aspx&gt; (Accessed November 2, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; ''Guideline 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division,''&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson Guidelines 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division'', ​​​​​​Amended December 15, 2012, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir07.aspx&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; ''Guideline 8: Accessibility to IRB Proceedings,''&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 8: Accessibility to IRB Proceedings — Procedural Accommodations and Substantive Considerations'', ​​​​​​Effective date: October 31, 2023, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir08.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 31, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; and ''Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics''.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics,'' Revised: December 17, 2021, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir09.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== History of the Chairperson Guidelines ==
This use of guidelines has a long history in the Canadian refugee determination system. Canada issued a “Guideline for Determination of Refugee Status” in 1970 to give immigration officers criteria for selecting refugees overseas.&lt;ref&gt;Canadian Council for Refugees, ''Brief History of Canada’s Responses to Refugees'', 2009, Canadian Council for Refugees, &lt;https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/static-files/canadarefugeeshistory2.htm&gt; (Accessed May 9, 2020).&lt;/ref&gt; In the 1980s, prior to the founding of the IRB, the Minister issued new guidelines which provided that the benefit of the doubt be given to claimants.&lt;ref name=&quot;:79&quot;&gt;Alan Nash, ''International Refugee Pressures and the Canadian Public Policy Response'', Discussion Paper, January 1989, Studies in Social Policy, page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; In 1993, the ''Immigration Act'' was amended to give the Chairperson the authority to issue guidelines.&lt;ref name=&quot;:45&quot;&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 8.&lt;/ref&gt; The amendment to the legislation came into force on February 1, 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:80&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. ''CRDD Handbook'', Dated March 31, 1999, online &lt;https://web.archive.org/web/20071115153143/http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/references/legal/rpd/handbook/hb18_e.htm&gt; (Accessed November 9, 2023).&lt;/ref&gt; The Board then issued guidelines on the handling of gender-based asylum claims the next month, in March 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:80&quot; /&gt; In 1996, the IRB adopted guidelines on child refugee claimants, reportedly the first such policy initiative of its kind adopted by any state system.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), ''Report on the Situation of Human Rights of Asylum Seekers Within the Canadian Refugee Determination System'', 2000, Inter-Am. C.H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.106, Doc. 40 rev. (2000), available at: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.refworld.org/docid/50ceedc72.html&lt;/nowiki&gt; [accessed 18 August 2020].&lt;/ref&gt; The year following the introduction of the IRPA, in 2003, the IRB Chairperson issued Guideline 7 on the Conduct of a Hearing, which created a new order for questioning during an RPD hearing. The new order of questioning in a hearing of a claim for refugee protection was that, if the Minister was not a party, any witness, including the claimant, would be questioned first by the RPD and then by the claimant’s counsel.&lt;ref&gt;David Vinokur, ''30 Years of Changes at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada'', CIHS Bulletin, Issue #88, March 2019, &lt;https://senate-gro.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Bulletin-88-Final.pdf&gt; (Accessed May 13, 2021), page 10.&lt;/ref&gt; Much later, in 2017, the Board implemented guidelines on the adjudication of claims involving Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE).&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;Lee, E.O.J., Kamgain, O., Hafford-Letchfield, T. ''et al.'' Knowledge and Policy About LGBTQI Migrants: a Scoping Review of the Canadian and Global Context. ''Int. Migration &amp; Integration'' (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-020-00771-4.&lt;/ref&gt; That guideline was expanded to become the present ''Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics'' in 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; The following is a list of the guidelines, including those that have been revoked:

* Guideline 1: Civilian Non-Combatants Fearing Persecution in Civil War Situations
* Guideline 2: Guideline on Detention
* Guideline 3: Child Refugee Claimants—Procedural and Evidentiary Issues (replaced with the ''Chairperson’s Guideline 3: Proceedings Involving Minors at the Immigration and Refugee Board)''
* Guideline 4: Women Refugee Claimants Fearing Gender-Related Persecution (replaced with the ''Chairperson’s Guideline 4: Gender Considerations in Proceedings Before the Immigration and Refugee Board'')
* Guideline 5: Providing the PIF and No PIF Abandonment in the Refugee Protection Division
* Guideline 6: Scheduling and Changing the Date or Time of a Proceeding
* Guideline 7: Concerning Preparation and Conduct of a Hearing in the Refugee Protection Division
* Guideline 8: Guideline on Procedures with Respect to Vulnerable Persons Appearing Before the IRB (replaced with the ''Chairperson’s Guideline 8: Accessibility to IRB Proceedings — Procedural Accommodations and Substantive Considerations'')
* Guideline 9: Proceedings Before the IRB Involving Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression

See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/History of refugee procedure in Canada#Juridification of the refugee system and broader interpretations of the refugee definition]].

== IRPA Section 159 ==

Section 159 of the ''Immigration and Refugee Protection Act'' reads:&lt;pre&gt;Chairperson

159 (1) The Chairperson is, by virtue of holding that office, a member of each Division of the Board and is the chief executive officer of the Board. In that capacity, the Chairperson
...
(h) may issue guidelines in writing to members of the Board and identify decisions of the Board as jurisprudential guides, after consulting with the Deputy Chairpersons, to assist members in carrying out their duties;&lt;/pre&gt;

=== The Chairperson's guideline‑issuing and rule‑making powers overlap ===
Section 159 of the IRPA, ''supra'', sets out the Chairperson's guideline-issuing powers. Section 161 of the IRPA concerns the Chairperson's power to make rules: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/161 - Functioning of Board and Division Rules]]. As the IRB ''Policy on the Use of Chairperson's Guidelines and Jurisprudential Guides'' notes, &quot;the Chairperson's guideline‑issuing and rule‑making powers overlap.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Policy on the Use of Chairperson's Guidelines and Jurisprudential Guides,'' July 7​, 2022, &lt;https://irb.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/policy-chairperson-guidelines-jurisprudential-guides.aspx&gt; (Accessed July 2022).&lt;/ref&gt; That policy goes on to state that &quot;that the subject of a guideline could have been enacted as a rule of procedure issued under paragraph 161(1)(a) of the IRPA will not normally invalidate it.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot; /&gt; It cites the Federal Court of Appeal’s reasoning in ''Thamotharem v. Canada'' as support for this proposition.&lt;ref&gt;''Thamotharem v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2007 FCA 198 (CanLII), [2008] 1 FCR 385, para. 106.&lt;/ref&gt;

See further: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/159 - Duties of Chairperson]].

== Some of the guidelines are to be taken into account in a procedural, not a substantive manner ==
Some of the guidelines are to be taken into account in a procedural, not a substantive manner, others are to be taken into account in both ways. For example, the ''Chairperson Guideline 3'' on proceedings involving minors was formerly to be taken into account in a procedural, not a substantive manner: ''Zidan v Canada.''&lt;ref&gt;''Zidan v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2021 FC 170 [per Little J] at para 40.&lt;/ref&gt; That version of the ''Chairperson Guideline 3'' concerned the fair conduct of a hearing and not deficiencies in the claim itself: ''Newton v Canada''.&lt;ref&gt;''Newton v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2000 CanLII 15385 (FC) [per Pelletier J] at para 18.&lt;/ref&gt; That was true until the guideline was overhauled on October 31, 2023, as the present version now concerns substantive matters as well as procedural ones.  

== When guidelines can and should be considered ==

=== Not mentioning the guidelines will not be fatal to a decision where the record demonstrates compliance with them ===
The guidelines are intended to ensure that claims are heard with compassion and sensitivity.&lt;ref&gt;''Singh v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1692 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jtdwb#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2023-06-28&lt;/ref&gt; Demonstrating compassion and sensitivity in the reasons, and an acknowledgement of the individual’s profile, may show that the guidelines were properly considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Quele v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 108.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Even where the RPD has not mentioned the guidelines in its reasons, the RPD will not have erred where it has respected the intent and spirit of them in the case at hand. One RAD panel reaching this conclusion commented: &quot;I note that the Appellant does not point to any evidence that the RPD was insensitive or inappropriate in its questions, or that it conducted the hearing in a way that was insensitive to the Appellant’s emotional state or her well-being.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2016 CanLII 106273 (CA IRB), par. 33, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/h5qg2#par33&gt;, retrieved on 2020-05-13.&lt;/ref&gt; As such, the RAD held in that case that despite not mentioning the guidelines in the original decision, this was not a basis on which to overturn the decision in and of itself. The failure to specifically mention a guidelines does not mean that it was not considered.&lt;ref&gt;''Correa Juarez v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2010 FC 890 at paras 17-18.&lt;/ref&gt; On appeal to the RAD, a claimant should point to a specific issue regarding the RPD’s application of a guideline and explain how the alleged failure to consider the guideline led to an erroneous finding.&lt;ref&gt;''Yu v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2021 FC 625 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jghzb#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2023-09-20.&lt;/ref&gt; 

In contrast, however, where a panel has not meaningfully applied the guidelines, the decision should not generally be considered a reasonable one and the courts have frequently returned matters to the Board for redetermination.&lt;ref&gt;e.g. ''Okpanachi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 212 (CanLII), at para 33, &lt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmn5w#par33&lt;/nowiki&gt;&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-09.&lt;/ref&gt; A bald statement that a panel considered a guideline when assessing evidence, in the absence of a clear indication of how in fact it did so, constitutes a reversible error.&lt;ref&gt;''Bhuiyan v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2024 FC 1359 (CanLII), at para 56, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/k6jn7#par56&gt;, retrieved on 2024-11-19.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The guidelines may only be applied where their subject is at issue in the proceeding or claim ===
In ''Elisias v. Canada,'' the court held that the Chairperson’s Guideline 4 on gender could not be applied in the case because a fear of persecution based on gender was not alleged and there were no facts to support such persecution or other difficulties specific to the female applicant’s gender:&lt;blockquote&gt;[23]  The applicants further argued that the RPD failed to [translation] “properly consider” Guideline 4. In that regard, they asserted that since they no longer had any permanent status in Brazil, they would be forced to return to Haiti. They submitted that the RPD ought to have examined whether the female applicant would have some protection in Haiti, given that she had been targeted by Lavalas supporters as the spouse of the applicant. They criticized the RPD for failing to ask the female applicant any question about this and for having made no mention of Guideline 4 in its reasons.

[24]  The Court finds this argument to be without merit.

[25]  The female applicant never claimed a fear of gender-based persecution and there is no evidence of such persecution or of any specific difficulties related to her gender. Guideline 4 does not apply to every situation in which a woman seeks protection. The gender of the female applicant must play a role in her fear of persecution. In this case, the fear of persecution is solely based on her association with the applicant’s father in his past political activities. It was not a question of gender-based persecution or discrimination. Moreover, the Court did not detect any insensitivity towards the female applicant.&lt;ref&gt;''Elisias v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2019 FC 1626 (CanLII), at para 23, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/j5d49#par23&gt;, retrieved on 2024-02-11.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=== A division should not refuse to apply guidelines because of a lack of credibility ===
The Federal Court has held that it is circular reasoning to impugn a claimant's credibility – and thus her claim about the abuse she had endured – and then use that finding to support a position that the Gender Guidelines did not apply because of the lack of evidence that warranted the application of the Guidelines.&lt;ref&gt;''Okpanachi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 212.&lt;/ref&gt;

However, this question of credibility is distinct from whether the evidence indicates that a provision of a guideline is relevant. For example, section 7.13 of the gender guideline notes that women from certain cultures where men do not share the details of their political, military or even social activities with their spouses, daughters or mothers, may find themselves in a difficult situation when questioned about the experiences of their male relatives. The Federal Court has upheld a RAD finding that this portion of the guideline was not relevant where an applicant never claimed she was unable to specify her son’s political activities and instead testified that her son had never been politically active.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;''Nzouankeu, Heleine v. MCI''. (FC, IMM-2763-22), St-Louis, March 31, 2023; 2023 FC 440.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The Board can consider guidelines where a claim involves the &quot;secondary victims&quot; of persecution of a group identified in the guidelines, such as parents affected by a child's gender-related claim ===
The Refugee Appeal Division has concluded that &quot;Although the Chairperson’s Guideline 4 addresses the primary victim of rape, I find that the secondary victims, in this case the parents, must benefit from a certain sensitivity and appropriate understanding on behalf of the decision-maker when he questions them about this&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 101262 (CA IRB), par. 14, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/jc75m#par14&gt;, retrieved on 2020-12-21.&lt;/ref&gt; That was a case in which the primary victim of the gendered persecution was not a party to the refugee claim, but the RAD nonetheless, on the basis of, ''inter alia'', insensitive questions that had been posed to these parents, remitted the matter to the RPD for reconsideration and ordered that &quot;The RPD must take into consideration the Chairperson’s Guideline 4 in the adjudication of this case.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;''X (Re),'' 2020 CanLII 101262 (CA IRB), par. 21, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/jc75m#par21&gt;, retrieved on 2020-12-21.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== An identification of vulnerability will generally continue to apply to a redetermination of a claim ===
Section 5.1 of the previous version of the ''Chairperson’s Guideline 8'' noted that the identification of vulnerability would usually be made at an early stage in the process. In ''Conde v. Canada'', the court considered a case where a claimant was designated as a vulnerable person, the Board's decision was overturned on judicial review, and at the redetermination of their claim, the panel considered whether they should continue to be recognized as vulnerable. In that case, the court noted that the Board &quot;revoked&quot; the claimant's vulnerable person status at the commencement of the new hearing redetermining the claim, implying that the fact that the claimant had been accepted as a vulnerable person at previous hearings meant that he should presumptively continue to be recognized as such at this new hearing.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;''Losada Conde v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2020 FC 626 (CanLII), par. 96, &lt;http://canlii.ca/t/j8863#par96&gt;, retrieved on 2020-08-31.&lt;/ref&gt; In this way, the effect of a vulnerable person designation appears to mirror the Board's rules for appointing a designated representative for a claimant, which also continue to apply to subsequent proceedings before the institution: [[Canadian Refugee Procedure/RPD Rule 20 - Designated Representatives#RPD Rule 20(6) - What proceedings the designation applies to]].

=== The RAD need not refer to a specific portion of a guideline where it is not raised on appeal ===
The RAD need not refer to a specific portion of a guideline where it is not raised on appeal. For example, several of the guidelines describe intersectionality and state that Members should apply an intersectional approach in all proceedings to which the guideline applies, based on the evidence of the proceeding. That said, the Federal Court has indicated that the RAD cannot be criticized for not assessing whether an RPD analysis was insufficiently intersectional where the RPD conclusion was not challenged before the RAD.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;

The IRB's position is that Members who are applying Chairperson’s guidelines need not mention in their reasons the specific section of these guidelines that is relevant to the issues they have to consider and its impact on the particular facts of the case. The Board’s general adjudicative strategy to be fast, fair, and efficient. The Courts have held that the guidelines must be mentioned in &lt;abbr&gt;RPD&lt;/abbr&gt; reasons and applied in a meaningful way to the facts of the case – not a specific section.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Quality performance in the Refugee Protection Division 2022 to 2023,'' 2024-12-02, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/transparency/reviews-audit-evaluations/Pages/rpd-qmi-2223.aspx&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Medical evidence and the consideration of guidelines ==

=== A medical diagnosis is not required for gender-related factors to be relevant in explaining a claimant’s difficulties in giving evidence ===
Footnote 31 of the former Gender Guidelines stated that &quot;In ''R v.'' ''Lavallee'', the Court indicated that expert evidence can assist in dispelling these myths and be used to explain why a woman would remain in a battering relationship.&quot; That said, nowhere do the Gender Guidelines state a medical diagnosis is required for gender-related factors to be relevant in explaining a claimant’s difficulties in giving evidence. If a panel refuses to take into account the guidelines and gender in assessing a claimant's evidence on the basis that they have not provided a professional diagnosis, they will have acted on the basis of an irrelevant consideration.&lt;ref&gt;''Nara v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2012 FC 364 at para 35.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== While expert evidence is helpful to the Board, it is not necessary and the Board may identify any individual as vulnerable even in the absence of expert evidence on point ===
Although an expert report or other independent credible evidence is the preferred way to prove vulnerability, it is not obligatory. The absence of expert evidence will not necessarily lead to a negative inference concerning vulnerability; the Board must consider whether it was “reasonably possible” to obtain such evidence, per para. 8.6 of the former version of the guidelines. As Janet Cleveland notes in an article on point, in several cases the IRB has concluded that a person was vulnerable based on a letter from counsel describing behaviour consistent with mental health problems.&lt;ref&gt;Cleveland, J. (2008). The Guideline on Procedures with Respect to Vulnerable Persons Appearing Before the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada: A Critical Overview. ''Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees'', ''25''(2), 119-131. Retrieved from https://refuge.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/refuge/article/view/26035, page 121.&lt;/ref&gt; She states that there have also been cases in which the Board recognized the person as vulnerable and ordered an early hearing on its own initiative based simply on the claimant’s BOC form as well as behaviour observed by Board staff.

=== The Board should not expect revised or updated expert evidence without reason ===
In ''Conde v. Canada'', the claimant had submitted two medical reports, dated one and six years prior to the hearing. The claimant had been designated as a vulnerable person by a previous panel of the Board. The Board's previous decision had been overturned on judicial review and remitted to the Board for redetermination. On redetermination, the RPD revoked the claimant's vulnerable person status, stating &quot;I considered both the psychological assessment of Dr. Devins dated October 9, 2013 and the updated psychological assessment dated January l1, 2018. The RPD was not provided with more up to date psychological assessment for this second re-determination.&quot; The court stated that, with respect to the panel's decision, &quot;there was no reason, given the previous psychological evidence and the acceptance of the [applicant] as a vulnerable person at previous hearings, to expect that he needed to provide more psychological evidence without notice. Clearly, this was procedurally unfair.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; As such, if a panel comments on a psychological report being dated, the panel should provide a reason as to why the passage of time reduces the weight that is properly attributed to the report.

== Credibility, implausibility and demeanour ==
=== The Division is required to consider the guidelines where there are inconsistencies in testimony and the applicant has suffered abuse ===
If a woman has suffered abuse and has inconsistencies between her testimony and her BOC narrative, the RPD is obliged to weigh the evidence with the Gender Guidelines in mind.&lt;ref&gt;''Harry v Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)'', 2019 FC 85 at para 34.&lt;/ref&gt; It is a best practice for the Division to show that it has considered the guidelines while it is making credibility findings, and not to simply consider them in a separate section at the end of its reasons.&lt;ref&gt;''Okpanachi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 212 (CanLII), at para 22, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmn5w#par22&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-09.&lt;/ref&gt; In ''Okpanachi v. Canada'', the Federal Court found that the Board had erred when it did not do so:&lt;blockquote&gt;Here, the RAD did not even refer to the Gender Guidelines in its credibility analysis, let alone assess why the omissions cannot be explained by the factors set out in the Gender Guidelines, before accepting the RPD’s conclusion on credibility based on the omissions. As such, I find the RAD has not taken into account the Gender Guidelines “in a meaningful way” when it adopted the RPD’s credibility finding based on the omissions in the BOC.&lt;ref&gt;''Okpanachi v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 212 (CanLII), at para 27, &lt;https://canlii.ca/t/jmn5w#par27&gt;, retrieved on 2022-06-09.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;However, it is not necessarily an error for the guideline-driven analysis to be separated physically in a particular decision from a credibility analysis: such a conclusion would focus unduly on form over substance.&lt;ref&gt;''Daramie v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2022 FC 1570.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== The guidelines do not create mandatory checklists when making credibility determinations where potential vulnerabilities are not present ===
Several of the guidelines comment on credibility determinations. For example, the guideline on Proceedings Involving Minors states that credibility determinations must be made on a case-by-case basis and take into consideration a list of factors.&lt;ref&gt;Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, ''Chairperson’s Guideline 3: Proceedings Involving Minors at the Immigration and Refugee Board'', ​​​​​​​​​​​Effective date: October 3​1, 2023, &lt;https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/legal-policy/policies/Pages/GuideDir03.aspx&gt; (Accessed October 31, 2023), at 8.1.4.&lt;/ref&gt; That said, guidelines or other publications which seek to make decision-makers aware of possible vulnerabilities and responses to trauma are not a checklist for credibility assessment when those potential vulnerabilities are not present.&lt;ref&gt;''Mohammed v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration),'' 2023 FC 956.&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references responsive=&quot;&quot; /&gt;

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  <page>
    <title>Meitei Culture/Philosophy</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>millenia &gt; millennia</comment>
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A system of philosophical thought adhering to Meitei culture is in existence since the last couple of millennia.
One of the most remarkable texts of Meitei philosophy is the &quot;Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok Puya&quot; (shortly known as the Wakoklon).
The seven great philosophers, better known as the &quot;Maichou Taret&quot; (literally, seven Maichous), are known for their priceless contributions to Meitei philosophy.

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    <title>Theory of Formal Languages, Automata, and Computation/Properties of Language Classes</title>
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      <text bytes="88064" sha1="2z94b3hfmd2dloc1q24ntkzss9dk2t1" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}[[File:Comprehensive_Language_Hierarchy.png|thumb|'''Figure LanguageHierarchy:''' The languages classes studied thus far, but with a few references on some of the topics to come, most notably algorithm complexity and more on undecidability.]]
A comprehensive picture of the hierarchy of language classes is shown in '''Figure LanguageHierarchy''', along with the briefest reference to concepts and factoids that have been covered. It is intended as a reference that can be reviewed quickly to good effect, possibly before an exam, or perhaps years later to confirm a fleeting memory.

== Kinds of Properties ==
A property of a ''given language'' is a statement or predicate that is true of the language. Suppose the language is the set of prime numbers. One property is that there is an algorithm for recognizing any input as a prime number or not. That is, the language of prime numbers is recursive. We've spent a lot of time on such properties -- that a language is in a class of languages, or that a particular language includes a particular string or not. We've covered other properties of specific languages too, perhaps only briefly, such as the property that a given language is ''inherently ambiguous'' or not.

A property of a ''language class'' is a statement or predicate that is true of all members of the class. We have not spent much time thus far on properties of language classes, other than definitional properties, which we discuss below.

=== Closure Properties ===
To preview one example, lets consider the class of CFLs. ∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L), where L is a language and P is a property. A property of the CFLs is that if L is a CFL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; is a CFL. This is an example of a ''closure property'' -- that the CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure, aka repetition. As another example of a closure property, again of the CFL class, ∀&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;,&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs ∧ L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs) → R(L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), where L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are languages and R is a property, such as union: if L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL; the CFLs are closed under union.
[[File:ClosurePropertiesSummary.png|left|thumb|'''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary:''' Closure properties of language classes. A check &lt;math&gt;\checkmark&lt;/math&gt;in a cell indicates that the language class in the corresponding column is closed under the operation of the corresponding row. No check in a cell indicates that the language class is not closed under the operation.]]
But if we say that a property does not hold for a language class, such as the CFLs, this means that the property is not true of all CFLs, or equivalently, there exists a CFL for which the property does not hold. That is, for CFLs,  ¬(∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; ¬(L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; ¬P(L)), where L is a language and P is a property. For example, if L is a CFL, then L's complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily a CFL; the CFLs are not closed under complement, or put another way, the class of CFLs does not possess the closed-under-complement property. Its important to recognize that this is a statement about a ''class'' of languages, the CFLs, not a statement about a particular language. Thus, its not inconsistent to say that the class of CFLs do not possess the closed-under-complement property, but that the complement of a particular CFL is also a CFL.

We have talked extensively about certain definitional properties of various language classes already -- the type of grammar that generates languages in the class, the kind of automata that recognize them, and other representations and patterns of languages in the class (e.g., as stated in the Pumping Lemma). These are all examples of definitional properties of selected language classes. A new focus in this chapter is closure properties (or not) of language classes. This text focuses on six closure properties, but there are many other closure properties that are addressed in other texts. A preview of our coverage is shown in '''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary'''.

=== Decision Properties ===
[[File:DecisionPropertiesSummary.png|alt=See caption|thumb|'''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary:''' Decision problems/questions that are decidable are indicated by a check under the applicable language classes. The decision questions are, from top to bottom, test of membership of a string in a language, whether the language is empty or not, whether the language is equivalent to the Kleene  closure of the language's alphabet, and where two languages of the class are equivalent. ]]
In addition to closure properties, we will also discuss selected ''decision properties'' in this chapter. A decision property corresponds to a yes/no question about a language class that is decidable in all cases. We have already covered in considerable detail, for example, membership decision properties. Every language class we have studied, except RE, has the decision property that a test of membership in a language of the class is an algorithm. A test of membership is decidable for regular languages, DCFLs, CFLs, CSLs, and ''recursive'' languages, and thus each of those classes has the test-of-membership decision property. The ''recursively enumerable'' languages generally, notably to include those languages that are not ''recursive'', do not have the test-of-membership decision property because the question of membership of an arbitrary ''recursively enumerable'' language is undecidable. We've spent so much time on this question already that we don't repeat the analysis in discussing each language class in this chapter, but we do include it in the summary of decision properties in '''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary'''.

Recall that a question is decidable if there exists a TM (or computer program) that given a requisite number of language specifications (e.g., as grammars or automata) as input, and correctly answers the question for which the TM was designed to answer. As yet another example of a decision property, in this case of the regular languages, recall we have already sketched an algorithm for answering whether two regular languages, as represented finitely through DFAs, NFAs, RegExps, or RGs, are the same language. So if we are given a RegExp that represents a language and an NFA that represents a language, then clearly the languages represented by each are regular, and we can translate each language specification into a DFA, minimize each of the resulting DFAs, and see if the two minimal state DFAs are identical, aside from state names. This process can be implemented as a TM or computer program that correctly answers whether its two input language specifications represent the same language or not. In my example I seemed to suggest that the inputs can be different in form -- one as an RegExp and one as a NFA -- but for purposes of implementation we could insist on both inputs as RegExps, or both as NFAs, or both as DFAs, or both as RGs; or we could use TMs as the way we represent all languages that are input to decision questions.

The ''class of regular languages has the property that the question of equivalence is decidable'' because we can test for equivalence by using a single correct TM for all (pairs of) regular languages that are inputs to the TM.

In contrast, if we say that a decision question is undecidable for a class of languages then that means that there does not exist a TM that correctly answers the question (and halts) for all languages in the class. For example, it is undecidable whether two CFLs, as represented finitely by CFGs or PDAs, or TMs, are the same language. But we want to be careful about language here. We've said earlier that a property of a class of languages is a statement that is true of all languages in the class. So rather than saying that &lt;s&gt;the ''class of CFLs has the property that the question of equivalence is undecidable''&lt;/s&gt;'','' which you might see in some sources, we'll say that ''the class of CFLs does not have the property of decidability on the question of equivalence''. This is consistent with the discussion on closure properties as well. It is still the case that particular pairs of CFL specifications can be shown to be equivalent using a TM created to answer the equivalence questions for CFLs, but no TM can be found that is always correct and always halts.

As with closure properties we will only reference a limited number of decision properties, though when we reach the RE languages we will describe Rice's theorem and its astounding conclusion that an infinite number of decision questions are undecidable in the case of the RE languages generally.

== Properties of Regular Languages ==
If we want to show that a language is regular it will be possible to construct an FA, regular expression, or regular grammar that demonstrably represents the language, perhaps verified by a proof by induction or contradiction. A construction argument, whether followed by an auxiliary proof or not, often represents a kind of gold standard of demonstration.

=== Closure Properties of Regular Languages ===
Closure properties can also be used to show a language, L, is regular (or in some other class of languages for that matter). We can do this by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to a language, X, known to be regular (e.g., by construction), until reaching the target language, L, thus demonstrating that X &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL. In addition, closure properties can be handy in showing that a language, L, is ''not'' regular, by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to L, until a language, X, is derived that is known through some other demonstration to ''not'' be regular. Thus, the original language, L, must not have been regular either (i.e., demonstrating X &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL).

The regular languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

It will be interesting to compare the closure properties of the regular languages with those closure properties of more inclusive languages – context free, context sensitive, and unrestricted.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Complement ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then the complement of L, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is regular.

Since L is regular, there is a DFA, M, that recognizes L. Construct the DFA for &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, call it &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, by simultaneously changing all accepting states in M to non-accepting states, and changing all non-accepting states in M to accepting states. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; accepts a string w then w must have taken a path to an accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was a non-accepting state in M, so w is not in L. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; did not accept a string w then w must have taken a path to a non-accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was an accepting state in M, so w is in L.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions, M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as follows.

* Create copies of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call the copies M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a start state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions from that start state to each of the start states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a single accepting state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition for each of the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to the accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
* Change the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to non-accepting states.

M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Intersection ====
[[File:DFAofIntersection.png|thumb|'''Figure DFAofIntersection:''' The language  {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3} is regular.&lt;/nowiki&gt;]]
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Suppose L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are regular languages over alphabet Σ. Then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is regular. This must be so since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = ~(~L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; ~L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and the regular languages are closed under complement and union. But we can also directly construct a DFA that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from the DFAs that must exist for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)) and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)), respectively. The following is adapted from (pp. 59-60, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft1979&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1979). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;; p. 137, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft2007&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Motwani, Rajeev, Ullman, Jeffrey D. (2007). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation 3rd Edition. Pearson Education, Inc/Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;).

M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; , [q&lt;sub&gt;1,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ], F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. For each pair of states from M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively, define a state in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; . For each of these pairs of states, on each symbol ''a'' in Σ, define a transition in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt;

                                                                          &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;([q&lt;sub&gt;1i,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; ], ''a'') = [&lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;1i&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a''), &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a'')]

As an example, consider {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3}. Its easy to build a DFA that accepts an even number of 0s, and its easy to build a DFA that accepts an integer multiple of 3 number of 0s. A DFA for their intersection is shown in '''Figure DFAofIntersection''', and thus the intersection of the two regular languages is thus regular.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

The concatenation of languages L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, written L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;}. That is, any word from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; followed immediately by any word of L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is a string in the language of the concatenation.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions by

* copying M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; , call them M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* connect M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' by adding an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;', and
* change every accepting state in M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to be a non-accepting state.

M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

As a matter of interest and subsequent utility, we can extend concatenation to a sequence of more than two languages, so that L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and ... and w&lt;sub&gt;mi&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;}.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then L* is a regular language.

We introduced Kleene closure in defining regular expressions, and also called it the repetition operator. The Kleene closure of a language L, L*, equals {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | for all m &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and each w&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}. That is, strings in L* are each a concatenation of an indefinite number of strings from L.

If L is a regular language then there is a DFA, M, that recognizes it. To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions that recognizes L*,

* copy M as M',
* add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state to M' to the existing start state of M',
* add a new start state to M' with an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition to the original start state of M', and
* make the new start state of M' an accepting state as well (so that the NFA accepts the empty string).

The resulting NFA accepts L* and so L* is a regular language.

==== '''Regular Languages are closed under Substitution''' ====
Substitution is the most complicated of the operations that we will consider. Suppose L is a language, regular or not, over alphabet Σ. Suppose further that for each symbol in Σ, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, we associate a language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. We will speak of the substitution operation, ''Subst'', as being applied to each symbol of Σ, to each string of L, and to L itself. Subst is an ''overloaded'' function, much as that term is applied in certain programming languages. If x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; is a symbol in Σ then Subst(x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;) is the strings in Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., simply Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; itself. If w = a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L, then Subst(w) = Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)...Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), that is Subst(w) is the concatenation of the languages (see above) associated with the various symbols in w. Finally, Subst(L) = {Subst(w) &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}, that is Subst(L) is the set of strings resulting from the substitution applied too all strings in L. Importantly, the alphabets for the various languages, L and the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s don't have too be the same. The alphabet for the language Subst(L) is the union of the alphabets of all the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; languages, and that alphabet may or may not share any symbols with the alphabet of L.

If L is the set of strings of 0s and 1s with at least two consecutive 0s, and L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} then Subst(0) = L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and Subst(1) = L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} . Subst(100) = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w in Subst(1)Subst(0)Subst(0)} = {&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ..., a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ...}. That is, Subst(100) is all possible ways of drawing a string from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba}, followed by two draws from L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;}.  Subst(L) is the set of strings over an alphabet of {a,b,&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;,&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;} where each b must followed immediately by an 'a' (why?), and there must be at least one consecutive pair of &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt; and/or &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt; (why?).

'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated regular language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a regular language.

If L and all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are regular languages then there are DFAs that recognize L and each of the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s. Call these DFAs M (for L) and Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; (for each Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions for Subst(L), do as follows.

* Make a copy of M called M'
* For each transition in M' from state q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt; on input symbol x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, splice in the DFA for Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, by
** make a copy of each Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, call it Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to the start state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;' to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt;.

The resulting NFA recognizes Subst(L) and thus Subst(L) is a regular language.

=== Decision Properties of Regular Languages ===
The decision properties of the regular languages include

* equivalence test of languages
* test for emptiness of a language
* test for all strings over an alphabet

==== Equivalence test of two regular languages is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are the same language.

We described the proof sketch above under Kinds_of_properties/Decision_properties and do not repeat that here.

==== Test of whether a regular language is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts the empty language -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is a '''''non-accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language use the same process as described earlier of translating the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is empty, else its not empty.

==== Test of whether a regular language is Σ* is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is Σ*.

Do very much as described immediately above with one small change.

There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts Σ* -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is an '''''accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language translate the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is Σ*, else its not.

== Properties of Deterministic Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are closed under complement, but not under union, concatenation, Kleene Closure, intersection, or substitution.

==== The DCFLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a DCFL, then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a DCFL, because from a DPDA for L we can construct a DPDA for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; by  swapping accepting and non-accepting states. 

=== Decision Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, on the equivalence of a DCFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two DCFLs.

==== Test of whether a DCFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a DCFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

The proof follows from the fact that decidability of the emptiness test is true of the class of CFLs. See that proof sketch for the wider class of CFLs.

== Properties of Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CFLs ===
The CFLs are closed under

* Union
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

In contrast to the regular languages, the CFLs are not closed under complementation and the CFLs are not closed under intersection.

==== CFLs are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). To construct a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a new start symbol, S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two associated productions, one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). Assume the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and that the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; with a single production to S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFLs, then L* is a CFL.

We've previously used the Kleene closure or repetition operator only in reference to regular languages, but the operation applies to languages of any class. L* is the set of strings w that are composed of 0 or more concatenated substrings, w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, where each w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates L, with a start symbol that we'll call S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L*, create a new start symbol, call it S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions, one to &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; and one to S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;. (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L*, so L* is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Substitution ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated CFL Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a CFL.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG that generates L, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. If all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are CFLs then there are CFGs that generate each, call them G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To create a CFG that generates Subst(L), G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt;, replace every instance of an alphabet/terminal symbol in the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; with the start symbol for the grammar of the language corresponding to that symbol, and make the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; be the union of all the revised productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; and all the productions of all the G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt;'s. G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates Subst(L), so Subst(L) is a CFL.

==== CFLs are ''not'' closed under complementation ====
Intuitively, you might think that given a PDA for a language, we can just invert the accepting and non-accepting states as we did with FAs, but the added complexity of the stack makes this insufficient for showing the CFLs are closed under complement.

To say that a language class is not closed under an operation, is to say that ''there exists'' at least one language (for a unary operation such as complementation) or at least two languages for a binary operation such as intersection, that don't result in a language of the specified class. So, finding such a counterexample is sufficient for showing the CFLs are not closed under complementation, for example. But finding such a counterexample can be nontrivial. How do we show that the complement of a particular CFL is not a CFL? We would have to show that there is no CFG or PDA for it.

Consider the language L = {a&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;j&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;k&lt;/sup&gt; | i,j,k &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j or j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k}. '''CFG Exercise 2''' in chapter &quot;Context Free (Type 2) Grammars and Languages&quot; asked you to give a CFG for this language, thus demonstrating that it is a CFL. The complement of L is {a&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; | n &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0}, that is  ¬ (i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k) ≡ (i = j  &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; j = k) which is not a CFL because there is no CFG that can generate &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;. We don't prove this formally, but intuitively a memory of n would have to exist across two boundaries, both between 'a's and 'b's, as well as 'b's and 'c's, which cannot be done simultaneously with a CFG (or a PDA).

=== Decision Properties of CFLs ===
The context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, but NOT on the equivalence of a CFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two CFLs.

==== Test of whether a CFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

If L is a CFL, then there is a CFG that generates L. In fact, it can  be shown that there is a CFG generating L that has no unreachable symbols (i.e., all variables and terminals can be generated as part of sentential forms from the start symbol of the CFG), and there are no useless symbols (i.e., substrings of terminals  can be generated by all variables). Do a breadth-first enumeration of sentential forms from such a grammar, and if after an &quot;adequate&quot; number of generations a string is not found, then L is empty, else its not empty. If a variable is repeated along a path along a sentential form, E, with the first instance of the variable, to a sentential form, F, with the second instance of the same variable, then the path can be pruned at E, because there are other paths that include E but without the repeated variable in a later sentential form. If no paths exist without repeated variables, then the language is empty. 

== Properties of Context Sensitive Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CSLs ===
The CSLs are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

==== The CSLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a CSL then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. If L is. a CSL then there is a linear bounded TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L, and that halts on all inputs. A linear bounded TM for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; can be created that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine and that accepts if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; rejects, and that rejects if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; accepts.

==== The CSLs are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL. If L1 and L2 are CSLs then there are CSGs, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To construct a CSG to generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; copy all the productions G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; with variables renamed as necessary so as to not confuse variables from different grammars, and create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; for the new grammar, G&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. This new grammar is a CSG since the new productions are all noncontracting, and it generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a CSL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. We can say instead that L&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; = L* - &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; is a CSL if it is important to exclude &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Substitution ====
The CSLs are closed under substitution. The proof sketch is much like the argument for CFLs. The closure under substitution, however, depends on the fact that a CSL, strictly speaking, does not include the empty string, &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;. We will elaborate on the significance of this when discussing substitution for recursive languages.

=== Decision Properties of CSLs ===

== Properties of Recursive Languages ==
As I have already noted under section &quot;Turing Machines and Language Classes/Recursive languages&quot;, the definitional characteristic of the class of recursive languages is that there is a TM that recognizes the language and that is ''guaranteed to halt in both accept and reject cases''. Because of this gaurantee, recognition of a recursive language is said to be ''decidable''. We also say that the recursive languages are recognized by an algorithm. Unlike all the other language classes discussed so far, there is no class of grammar that precisely delimits the recursive languages, though of course there are grammars that  generate a subset of the recursive languages, notably CSLs.

=== Closure Properties of Recursive Languages ===
The recursive languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure

However, the recursive languages are not closed under substitution.

Since there is no equivalent class of grammars for the recursive languages, all our arguments about closure (or not) of recursive languages will be based on TMs.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Complement ====
If L is a recursive language, then there is a TM, call it M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L and that is guaranteed to halt for all accept cases and in all reject cases. Create a new TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;', that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns accept for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns reject. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns reject for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns accept. M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' accepts the complement of L, and always halts, so the complement of L is recursive.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. From M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; we construct an always halting TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Since TMs and computers are equivalent in terms of what can be computed, we represent M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; in programming language pseudocode with the understanding that this can be translated to a TM.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Union (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept OR M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

Each of the component TMs for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are being used as subroutines. The construction for  M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;'s behavior covers all conditions and is gauranteed to halt.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Intersection (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept AND M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. At a high level,

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Concatenation (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the |w|+1 ways to partition w into xy

           IF M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(x) == accept and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(y) == accept THEN RETURN accept

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a recursive language then L* is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; be the TM recognizing L and that is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Repetition (M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the 2&lt;sup&gt;|w|-1&lt;/sup&gt; ways to partition w into x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;,

             IF  M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;) == accept for all x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; in x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; THEN RETURN accept   // can implement as a loop

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive Languages are ''not'' closed under Substitution ====
If you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive. Why should the recursive languages be  different from the other language classes that are subsets of the recursive languages -- CSLs, CFLs, regular languages? Whereas these distinguished subsets cannot include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; (i.e., their grammars cannot include productions of the form &lt;math&gt;\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;), a arbitrary recursive language can include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, and the possibility of 'erasing' symbols from strings are what introduces the possibility of a substitution yielding  a language that is outside the recursive class. 

Consider a proof sketch that the recursive languages are not closed under substitution from Ullman. That is, if L ⊆ Σ* is a recursive language, and for each symbol ''a'' ∈Σ, subst(a) = L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then subst(L) is not necessarily a recursive language.   

“To see why, consider the particular language ''L'' consisting of strings of the form '''(''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;)''', where ''M'' is a coded Turing machine with binary input alphabet, ''w'' is a binary string, and '''c''' is a symbol not appearing elsewhere. The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most i moves.  Clearly ''L'' is recursive; we may simulate ''M'' on ''w'' for ''i'' moves and then decide whether or not to accept. However, if we apply to ''L'' the homomorphism&quot; (i.e., a restricted type of substitution), &quot;that maps the symbols other than ''c'' to themselves, and maps ''c'' to ε, we find that ''h(L)''&quot; (i.e., subst(L)), &quot;is the universal language, which we called ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;''. We know that ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;'' is not recursive. “ Ullman (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/ialcsols/sol9.html, Exercise 9.2.6(e))

Homomorphism, a special case of substitution, is when each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;, for 'a' in Σ, is a singleton set – that is, each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; contains a single string, including possibly the empty string. So, for example if L is defined over Σ = {c, d, e}, and subst(c) = {01}, subst(d) = {rq23t}, and subst(e) = {𝜀}, then if w = ‘ceed’ then subst(w) = {01rq23t}.

Ullman's construction illustrates a very general way of dealing with languages/problems that are not recursive and therefore may not halt without an additional constraint. To make a recursive language from the original --  that is, to guarantee halting -- put a definite upper-bound on the number of steps that the procedure can run, and if one hits that upper-bound before a string is accepted by the procedure, M, then halt  (and say 'no', or perhaps 'do not know'). That is, suppose that M is a procedure, which is equivalent to a Turing machine, and we can execute M one step at a time by appropriately instrumenting M. Then a procedure, M' , can be expressed this way:

&lt;M', wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Bounded-M (M, w, n) {

i = n 

DO {

* Execute next step of M

* Decrement i by 1

} UNTIL (i = 0 OR M accepted) 

IF M accepted THEN RETURN(yes) ELSE RETURN(no)

}

In Ullman's contradicting case of closure under substitution -- (''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) or (''M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) --'' where 'n' now is the upperbound (because we are using 'i' as the counter) ''--''  subst((M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;)) = (''M'',''w''), which as Ullman notes is the universal language, and which is known to be undecidable, that is, not recursive.

This may seem a bit mind-bending, and it does leave some of us with hesitation, as expressed by some users on reddit who wanted, to their credit, a deeper understanding. Shouldn't the result of the substitution above be interpreted as &quot;The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most ZERO moves&quot;, since all the 'c' characters have all been erased?

To better understand the solution, its easier to use the pseudo-code formulation above, which I've carefully constructed, where &quot;no 'c' characters&quot;  corresponds to the case where n=0 in the pseudocode. In that case entering the DO loop for the first time will cause i to be decremented to -1 and the DO loop can never, thereafter,  be exited because of the 'i=0' case; the only way to exit the loop is if M accepts, and if M never accepts then M' doesn't halt. M' can take any M and w as arguments -- M' is equivalent to a bounded universal TM,  but in the case where n is initially 0, it is equivalent the universal TM. 

Again, the recursive languages are not closed under general substitution because of the possibility of erasure caused by the substitution with the possibility of 𝜀. However, '''''the recursive languages are closed under 𝜀-free substitutions''''', where 𝜀 in a substituting language is disallowed. In some sources you may see that the CSLs are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions as well, because of the possibility of 𝜀 in a CSL, or not, is left as a technicality that is glossed over; strictly speaking, however, 𝜀, cannot be in a CSL, because a CSG is is a normal form of a non-contracting grammar, so by the strict assumptions that L is a CSL, there can be no production to 𝜀 and therefore the '''''𝜀-'''''free qualifier is not needed. A demonstration that the recursive languages are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions can include the same kind of argument for testing differentt segmentations of strings that we made for closure under concatenation and Kleene closure. 

=== Decision Properties of Recursive languages ===

=== Runtime Complexity ===
Many students who are taking a class on formal languages, automata, and computation will have already studied algorithm efficiency, perhaps in the form of big-O notation. Runtime efficiency is typically regarded as a characteristic of recursive languages (i.e, membership algorithms defined by always-halting TMs or computer programs), which is why we address efficiency in this chapter on properties of the recursive languages. It would make less sense to talk about efficiency in the case of undecidable problems, but a project asks you to investigate the relevance of efficiency and undecidable problems.

Big-O notation is used to indicate an upper bound on runtime cost, or space requirements or some other resource, but we will focus on time initially. Precisely, if ''n'' is a measure of the size of the input to a procedure, and I say that the procedure is O(''f(n)''), then that means that for big enough values of ''n'', the procedure’s actual runtime ''g(n)'' ≤ c*''f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t''. ''t'' is the value that tells us what value of ''n'' is “big enough”. In English, this tells us that the actual runtime of a procedure, g(n), never exceeds some constant c times f(n) for big enough n.

Where do the values of constants ''c'' and ''t'' come from? For practical purposes they could come from experiments with a procedure on different size ''n'', or from analysis, but for theoretical purposes (at least to many theoreticians much of the time) we don’t care. Its enough to know that these constants exist, and that they depend on the algorithm’s implementation details (i.e., what is the language of implementation, the hardware the procedure is run on, etc), and this is precisely why we don’t care about their particular values from a theoretical standpoint. And so we typically don’t fret about the constants and simply say the procedure is O(''f(n)''), where ''f(n)'' is typically a member of some general and simply-stated class of functions, like n&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; or 1 (constant), log ''n'' (logarithmic), ''n'' (linear), ''n'' log ''n'', ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' (quadratic), ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'',  2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt; (exponential), and ''n!'' (combinatoric). I have listed these simply-stated function classes in order of increasing complexity or growth rate. That is, ''n'' log ''n'' will always be less than ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' for sufficiently sized ''n'', for example.

If I say that an algorithm runs in O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') time, then that means the actual run time, ''g(n)'', of the procedure will be bounded above for big enough n: ''g(n)'' ≤ ''c*n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'', for ''n'' ≥ ''t.'' Notice that if a algorithm is O(''n''), for example, then it is also O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') and … and O(''n!''). Convince yourself that this is true given the formal definition of big-O notation. The problem, however, with saying that an algorithm’s runtime is O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) when it is also O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) is that the former is misleading because ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'' is not as &quot;tight&quot; an upper bound as is possible. This concern with tightly characterizing the run time complexity of an algorithm is one reason that we also like to characterize algorithms by lower bounds. Ω(''f(n)'') means that for big enough values of ''n,'' the algorithm’s actual runtime ''g(n) ≥ c*f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t.'' The constants for a big-Omega characterization of an algorithm may be different than the constants for a big-O characterization of the same algorithm, but again, we don’t typically care about the constants. If an algorithm can be characterized by both O(''f(n)'') and Ω(''f(n)'') (i.e., upper and lower bounds for the same ''f(n)'') then we consider ''f(n)'' as a tight characterization of the algorithm’s runtime, and we signify this with big-Theta notation Θ(''f(n)'') means ''c&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n) ≥ g(n) ≥ c&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n)'' for ''n ≥ t'' (''t = max(t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)'').

It would be easy to dive still deeper into complexity theory, but under the assumption that you have or will look at this more deeply in an advanced course on algorithm analysis, I’ll sum up with three miscellaneous points. First, its common to say that if an algorithm is characterized by O(''f(n)'') behavior (or Omega or Theta), then the actual runtime, ''g(n) = O(f(n))''. This may seem like an odd use of the equality symbol and it is indeed an odd convention (if I had my druthers I might have overloaded the membership symbol instead, so g(n) ∈ O(f(n))). Second, when using any of the notations it is appropriate to say “in the worst case” or “the best case” or the “average case”, though you might think that big-O naturally corresponds to the worst case, big-Omega to the best, and big-Theta to the average, and you wouldn’t be wrong in some sense. But imagine cases, in say AI, where there is a partial ordering on run times, and in one subset of instances performance ranges from best to worst for that subset, while a different subset has a different values for best, average, and worst. In any case, you’ll hear and read that worst case for insertion sort is O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and best case is O(''n''), as but one example where O-notation serves double duty.

Thirdly, in theory settings, particularly in introductory texts like this one, worst case performance is taken to be of most importance – just how bad can this algorithm be!?! Worst case performance that is greater than polynomial (i.e., with growth rate greater than n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt; for any positive value of p), notably O(2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) and O(''n!''), will determine whether a problem is &quot;intractable&quot;.

In short, using big-O (or big-Omega or big-Theta) there is a hierarchy of language (problem) classes: O(1) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'' log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n!''). There are many other language classes defined in terms of runtime of course.

==== Intractability ====
A dictionary definition of an &quot;intractable problem&quot; is one that is extremely hard or impossible to solve. Problems that are in RE but not recursive are undecidable, and are intractable in a strong sense. Problems that don’t have solutions that are representable by Turing machines at all (i.e., non-RE) are intractable in the strongest sense.

But what we will usually mean by intractability are problems for which the only known solution procedures are greater than polynomial in time and/or space as a function of input size (e.g., exponential, combinatorial).

==== ''P'' and ''NP'' ====
''P'' and ''NP'' are two broad classes of languages (problems). Any deterministic algorithm that runs in O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) time, where p is any real number constant, belongs to class ''P''(olynomial). Remember that O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) will include other, smaller growth rate functions, like ''n'' log ''n'', as well. An example of a problem in ''P'' is finding the ''minimum weight spanning tree'' (MWST) of a weighted graph. ''Kruskal’s algorithm'' is a polynomial time algorithm that finds the MWST.

Any algorithm that cannot be characterized by polynomial deterministic runtime is not in ''P''.
[[File:NPprocedure.png|thumb|'''Figure NPprocedure:'''  A non-deterministic polynomial algorithm is one that pursues multiple paths (of instantaneous descriptions) “simultaneously” towards a solution (brute-force, breadth-first), where each path length is a polynomial function of input size.]]
''NP'', standing for ''Nondeterministic Polynomial'', is the class of algorithms, which when run on a nondeterministic TM that is capable of simulating all possible solution paths in parallel, will run in time that is polynomial as a function of the input size. Of course, a NTM cannot simulate all paths in parallel, so a more practical expression of the ''NP'' class are algorithms where solution paths are a polynomial function of their input in length. ''NP'' problems have a hard to solve, &quot;easy&quot; to validate character. Finding a solution may require exploring a large number of paths, perhaps O(''2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;'') or O(''n!'') paths, but each path is polynomial in length, and thus a given solution can be validated in polynomial time, as illustrated in '''Figure NPprocedure'''.

An  example  of an ''NP'' problem is the Traveling Sales Problem (TSP) with a weighted graph. That is, expressed as a language, the TSP asks whether there is a cycle of all nodes in a weighted graph with a total weight that is a specified maximum or less. If so, the encoded graph is a member of the language of graphs for which there is an acceptable tour, otherwise it is not. It is standard that a satisfying tour accompany a 'yes' answer. There are at least O(n!) number of paths (hard to find) of length ''n'', where n is the number of vertices, so each solution is O(''n'') in length (easy to validate).

Every problem in ''P'' is also in ''NP'', so ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subseteq&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. What is strongly suspected, but not yet proved is that ''P'' is a proper subset of ''NP'',  ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subset
&lt;/math&gt; ''NP.'' Despite suspicions to the contrary, you will hear that demonstrating that ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP'' (or P &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; NP) is one of the biggest open problems in computational theory. In light of all this, we will call a problem intractable if it is in ''NP'', and not known to be in ''P''.

==== The Satisfiability Problem is NP ====
The TSP is one example of an ''NP'' problem that is not known to be in ''P''. A second, and especially important example of an ''NP'' problem, which is not known to be in ''P'', is satisfiability, or SAT for short.

The SAT problem is

* Given: a Boolean expression over ''n'' variables, say in conjunctive normal form
* Find: an assignment of truth values to all ''n'' variables such that the entire expression is true.

For example, say we are given  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).

Since there are 4 variables, x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; through x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, this is called a 4-SAT problem. There are 2&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; combinations of assignments to the four variables. An assignment that renders the entire expression true is x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = false, x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = false: (¬false ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ ¬true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ false) = (true ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ false ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false). Since there is at least one assignment that renders the entire expression true, the expression is ''satisfiable''. If all assignments led to a true expression, then the expression would be a ''tautology'', but that need not be the case for the expression  to be satisfiable.
[[File:SATisNP.png|left|thumb|'''Figure SATisNP:''' In the worst case the algorithm at top may need to iterate through the FOR loop 2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; times.]]
Consider this 2-SAT problem: (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;). There are 2&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; assignments. Confirm that none of the four assignments result in the entire expression being true. This expression in ''unsatisfiable'' (aka the expression is a ''contradiction'').
[[File:SAThillclimbing.png|thumb|'''Figure SAThillclimbing:''' Max_restarts and Max_tweeks are set by the user. &quot;Tweeks&quot; are small changes to truth assignment, such as flipping the truth value of one variable (e.g., flip the value of x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; from true to false). When this algorithm answers 'no' it will only be correct  with some probability since the procedure will typically stop short of examining all possible assignments. Nonetheless, enough assignments will have been examined  typically to insure high probability of correctness in the 'no' case (and certainty of correctness in the 'yes' case).]]
SAT is ''NP'' because there are an exponential number of possible solutions, 2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;, for ''n'' variables, but each solution is size ''n.'' In the worst case, an algorithm like that shown in '''Figure SATisNP''', might have to examine all the assignments, but in point of fact, it's not generally that bad. Even problems for which a solution is nondeterministic polynomial, and there is no known polynomial time solution, its very often the case that answers can be found quickly. The SATisfiability problem is ''NP'', but a very simple procedure that works well in practice is hill-climbing in search of a value assignment that makes an entire Boolean expression true. In this approach, a solution is guessed randomly, checked for satisfaction of the expression, and revised or simply guessed again. Details of a procedure are shown in '''Figure SAThillclimbing'''. Hill climbing, btw, is a popular greedy search procedure that is used in many experimentally-oriented fields, like AI, which are often fast and yield satisfactory results. In general, hill-climbing is one of many ways of effectively dealing with intractability in practice.

==== Deterministic Polynomial Time Reductions ====
We have previously studied reductions of a language/problem Q to a language/problem R. Recall that if we say Q reduces to R then if we have a solution for R we can use it to create a solution for Q; R is at least as hard as Q (else a solution for R would not assure a solution for Q). As one implication of this hardness observation, to show that R has a certain hardness characteristic (i.e., undecidability, intractability), or something “worse”, then show a correct reduction from a procedure that we know has that hardness characteristic to R. Previously, this hardness characteristic was undecidability. Now, it can be intractability too.

We know that SATisfiability is in ''NP'' (with no known solution in ''P'') – we constructed an algorithm for it that was clearly ''NP'' in '''Figure SATisNP'''. We can reduce SAT to another problem, say ''solving simultaneous integer linear inequalities'', thereby showing that this latter problem is &quot;at least&quot; ''NP''.  Consider the earlier SAT problem:  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). This is easily translated to an integer linear program (ILP) by replacing each Boolean variable x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with an integer variable t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and replacing each negated variable ¬x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with (1 - t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). That's the reduction! So, the example SAT problem becomes the ILP:

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

A solution to this ILP is

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

which can be mapped to a solution to the SAT problem, again through an easy substitution: x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = false iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 0, and x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = true iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 1. Confirm the correctness of this substitution to the SAT problem. The significance of all this is, again, that an algorithm for solving the ILP can be adapted to solving SAT. Moreover, the adaptation of the solution is easy in this case -- its O(''n''), where ''n'' is the number of source variables t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and also number of target variables x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. So, if we should ever find an efficient, deterministic polynomial time algorithm, O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;), for solving ILPs, we will have a polyomial time algorithm for solving SAT, since O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) + O(''n'') = O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)!

In general, to the idea of reduction, we add a constraint that in cases where we care about algorithm complexity, the reduction must be polynomial in time using a deterministic algorithm, so that if efficient polynomial time algorithms are found for what are currently regarded as intractable problems, the cost of adapting the more efficient solutions to still other problems does not push the adaptation back into intractable territory.

In the case of SAT and ILP, we have a deterministic polynomial time (i.e., O(n)) reduction from SAT to ILP. Confirm that we can also construct a deterministic polynomial time reduction from ILP to SAT (also of deterministic O(n) time). So these problems are of comparable complexity. This need not always be the case, and in general the reduction in one direction may be more costly than the other direction, but still O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) for it to be a deterministic polynomial time reduction.

==== NP Completeness ====
A problem Q is ''NP hard'' if every problem in ''NP'' deterministically polynomial reduces to Q (i.e., Q is at least as hard as every NP problem). Moreover, if (1) Q is also in the class ''NP'', and (2) every problem in ''NP'' deterministic polynomial reduces to Q,  then Q is said to be ''NP complete''. Note that there are two conditions, as just stated, that have to be satisfied for a problem to be ''NP complete''.

So that this is concrete, let’s say that Q is SAT. If we can show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT, then that says that a solution to SAT can be adapted to solve every other ''NP'' problem as well. And moreover, because the reductions from all ''NP'' problems to SAT will be polynomial time reductions, then if an efficient deterministic polynomial time solution is ever found for SAT (i.e., if SAT &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; P), then every problem in ''NP'' can be solved in deterministic polynomial time, and ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. That's significant!

But how do we show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT in polynomial time? There are an infinite number of problems/languages in ''NP'' !

We know that every problem in ''NP'' is solved by a non-deterministic Turing Machine that always halts, and we can express a &quot;generic&quot; NDTM for any ''NP'' problem in terms of SAT. This is one insight of Cook's Theorem.

===== Cook's Theorem =====
''Cook’s Theorem'' says that every problem in ''NP'' (i.e., a question of membership of an input ''w'' in the language of any non-deterministic Turing Machine, ''NTM'', assured of halting) can be deterministically polynomial-time reduced to SAT (i.e., a question of whether a Boolean expression is satisfiable).

How can we reduce ''&lt;NTM, w&gt;'' to a Boolean expression, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, where E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; is judged satisfiable iff ''NTM'' accepts ''w''?

Any ''NP'' problem, by the definition of ''NP'', has paths of configurations or instantaneous  descriptions (i.e., solution or nonsolution paths) that are each O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) in length (i.e., a (non)solution is polynomial in the size of the input, ''n'' -- remember that this is why ''NP'' solutions are 'easy' to validate). Because each transition of NTM can move its read/write head at most cell on its tape, and can only write at most one symbol of its tape, the longest that a single instantaneous description (ID) can become is also O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) since there is a maximum of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) moves along any path of IDs by ''NTM''. Cook therefore posited a matrix of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows, each an ID, and O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) columns, each corresponding to a tape cell in an ID. Thus, each cell of the matrix is an (ID, Tape Cell) pair. Moving down the rows correspond to making moves along a path of IDs, and making a change in a tape cell is the change to that cell in moving from one ID to the next. Without loss of generality, we assume that ''NTM''  uses a one-way infinite tape.
[[File:Cook'sThmMatrixOverview.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix:''' A O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix that is a schema for all possible trajectories of a nonderministic TM that represents an NP language, on an input of length ''n''.]]
The size of this matrix is O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) = O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) as shown in '''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix'''.

Importantly, this matrix is strictly a theoretical construct, important because it puts bounds on the size of the problem to be reduced. The matrix does not represent an actual run of ''NTM'' along any one path -- it couldn't because if running ''NTM'' were part of the reduction, then the reduction would not necessaily be deterministic polynomial time! Rather, the matrix is a schema that represents the totality of the set of possible paths that can be pursued by ''NTM'' on ''w'', just as the reduction to E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; will imply the set of of possible n-tuple truth value assignments to the ''n'' variables of the E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;. Also, recognize that the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix is an upperbound on the dimensions of a possible path followed by ''NTM''. Some problems will require fewer rows/IDs than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) and/or fewer tape cells in an ID than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;). But for convenience of demonstration, we think of the upperbounds as the actual dimensions, and we assume that every row is filled with blanks of unused rightmost tape cells within an ID up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on columns, and we assume that the row/ID corresponding to entering an accepting state is duplicated up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on rows.

Ask yourself, if you were given the definition of ''NTM'', and an input ''w'', how would you confirm that an arbitrary matrix of IDs, as described above, followed from the ''NTM'' definition and that ''NTM'' accepted ''w''.

Your procedure for analyzing a matrix would necessarily have to look at the following:

# Does the first row/ID of the matrix correspond to the initial ID, that is to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks?
# Does the last row/ID of the matrix indicate that the NTM state is an accepting state, and if so this indicates acceptance, and non-acceptance otherwise?
# For each pair of consecutive rows/IDs, does the second of the pair follow from the first given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;?

You could define this as an automated procedure for taking ''NTM'' and ''w'', and you could embed this in a loop to look at all possible matrices. If any one of those matrices indicated acceptance of the input, then your procedure would indicate that ''NTM'' accepted ''w'', and if all matrices corresponded to non-acceptance, then your procedure would reject ''w'' as a member of L(''NTM'').

Presumably you recognize the analog between determining whether one of many ''NTM'' paths accepts and determining whether one assignment of truth values satisfies a Boolean expression. So, lets convert the algorithm into a SAT problem, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, which you can think of a &quot;logic program&quot; for those who have used Prolog or another logic programming language.
[[File:Cook'sInitialConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions:''' A Boolean subexpression representing initial conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 1:'' To translate step 1 above into a Boolean subexpression, the first row/ID of the matrix corresponds to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks. Introduce Boolean variables corresponding to the following

* One Boolean condition is that the current state of ID 0 is the start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;.
* One Boolean condition is that the read/write head of ID 0 is at tape location 0.
* For each of the symbols in the input, w, from i = 0 to i = &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;—1, create a Boolean condition that the value of the ith tape cell in ID 0 is the ith symbol of ''w''.
* For each of the tape locations in ID 0 from &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; to the end (i.e., O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)) create a Boolean condition that the value of the cell location is the blank.

''Conjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions'''. Note that the cost of creating this subexpression is linear relative to the input size, &lt;math&gt;\mid w \mid&lt;/math&gt; = O(''n'').
[[File:Cook'sFinalConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions:''' Boolean subexpression representing the final conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 2'': To translate step 2 into a Boolean subexpression, that the last row/ID of the matrix indicates that the NTM state is an accepting state,

* For each accepting state in ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s definition, create a Boolean variable that reflects whether the current state of the last ID in row O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) is that accepting state.

''Disjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions'''. Note that this subexpression does not depend on a particular w, and the cost of creating this subexpression is therefore constant time relative to the input size, O(1).
[[File:Cook'sIntermediateConditions.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions:''' Each transition, such as that for &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) in red, may have more than one outcome in a nondeterministic TM; of the two possible outcomes in the figure, one is reflected in the matrix, in green, and one is not reflected, in purple.]]
''Step 3'': To translate step 3, that for each pair of consecutive rows/IDs,  the second of the pair should be immediately obtainable from the first of the pair given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. The subexpression that we write should specify conditions that must apply to each row/ID of the matrix (and its successor row/ID), except the last row, starting with row/ID 0.

The translation requires going through the transitions of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; functions and composing subexpressions for each. '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' illustrates the translation of one transition for (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a). For each possible outcome, say  (q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, b, R) for example, becomes a set of conjoined conditions,  (cs&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt;= q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; ∧ Loc&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt; = j+1 ∧ Z&lt;sub&gt;k+1,j&lt;/sub&gt; = b). This must be repeated for each possible outcome of (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) listed in the transitions' function, as well as for each entry &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(State, Input Symbol) pair listed in &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. In the blue, the Figure additionally shows that for all cells other than the one under the read/write head, the values will remain the same between ID k and ID k+1.

Given what we have said so far, we would then have a general Boolean expression, of which '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' only shows a small part, that stated conditions necessary to the validity between an ID k to ID k+1. Given a matrix we could then loop through the consecutive IDs and check them against this Boolean expression. But to fully reduce to SAT, we cannot use explicit looping, but must explicitely replicate the Boolean expression for each value of k, from ID 0 to the penultimate ID/row.

While the process of building the subexpression does not directly depend on a particular word, w, the number of terms we must write in the subexpression, call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt; depends on the size of ''w'', i.e., the size of the matrix, O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;).

Taking Steps 1-3 together, the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem can be written as

* E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; = E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt;

There are factors that have not been directly addressed here, notably

* that rows after entering an accepting state can simply repeat in order to fill up to O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows;
* that situations when the location of the R/W head is the leftmost location (i.e., so that there is no j-1 location) or rightmost cell (i.e., when there is no j+1 location);
* that there must be exactly one value (tape symbol) for each cell in the matrix, which precludes impossible states that could otherwise be considered by a SAT solver.

While important to the formal proof, these further details aren't needed to appreciate the genius of Cook's theorem, and for that matter the genius of conceiving of the concept of ''NP complete''ness generally. While the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem corresponding to an arbitrary ''NP'' problem is long and involved, it is so because it is general to an infinite number of NP problems. As we saw in relation to ILP and SAT, polynomial reductions between two specific problems are often much simpler.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating that SAT is ''NP complete'' is that if it is discovered that SAT has a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then all ''NP'' problems have a polynomial time solution, if by no other means than using SAT as a subroutine, and thus ''P'' = ''NP''.

===== Other NP Complete Problems =====
Knowing that SAT is NP complete, we can now show that other ''NP'' problems are ''NP complete'' by polynomial reducing SAT to these other problems. You’ll see that we are essentially reducing both ways. Cook’s theorem polynomial reduced from every ''NP'' problem to SAT, indicating that SAT was at least as hard as any other ''NP'' problem. This is illustrated in '''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT'''. And now, by polynomial reducing SAT is another ''NP'' problem, we are showing that the other problem is at least as hard as SAT. For example, we already showed that SAT polynomial reduces to ILP. With both directions of reduction demonstrated, we can say that the other problem (e.g., ILP) is comparable to SAT in complexity – it too is ''NP'' complete. In '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''', assume that ILP is L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in row (1) column (a), and the two-way arrow indicates that SAT polynomial reduces to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and vice versa. Since L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; has now been shown to be ''NP complete'', all ''NP'' problems reduce to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; as well, as shown in row (1) column (b).
[[File:AllNPsReducedSAT.png|left|thumb|'''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT:''' Cook's theorem shows that all ''NP'' problems polynomial reduced to SAT. Thus SAT is ''NP hard''; all ''NP'' problems can use a procedure for solving SAT as a subroutine. And because SAT is itself ''NP'', SAT is ''NP complete''.]]
One important point to emphasize is that the other problem, L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, can now be used in subsequent reductions to show that still other problems are ''NP complete'', since the demonstrations of equivalent complexity are transitive. Furthermore, as illustrated in row (2) of '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''' we can take another problem in ''NP'', say Lj, and by showing that L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; reduces to Lj we have shown that every ''NP'' problem reduces to Lj as well, and so Lj is NP complete.
[[File:ExtendingNPcomplete.png|thumb|'''Figure ExtendingNPComplete:''' An explanation for expanding the known NP complete problems, as illustrated in this figure, is given in the main text.]]
By now a large number of problems have been shown to be ''NP complete''. A question that you might be asking yourself is whether there is any problem in ''NP'' (and not known to be in ''P'') that is not ''NP complete''? Or not known to be ''NP complete''? See the exercises on these questions.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating a large class of ''NP'' ''complete'' problems that are equivalent in terms of complexity is that if any one of them turns out to have a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then they all have a deterministic polynomial time solution and ''P = NP''.

=== Space Complexity ===

=== Learnability Theory ===
Leslie Valiant,  Probably Approximately Correct: Nature's Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, pp. 76-81

== Properties of Recursively Enumerable (or Unrestricted) Languages ==
The RE languages are the broadest class of languages that we will address, and the class of RE languages includes all other language classes that we have considered -- recursive languages, CSLs, CFLs, DCFLs, and regular languages. The RE languages are equivalently defined by unrestricted (Type 0) grammars and by TMs that may not halt on their input in the case where that input is not a member of the language defined by the TM.

We will start with the closure properties of RE languages, then talk about the inherent undecidability of other decision questions of RE languages. Because membership in RE languages that are not also recursive is undecidable, and therefore are not implementable by algorithms, we don't include issues of algorithmic runtime or space efficiency in this section.

=== Closure Properties of RE languages ===
The RE (aka unrestricted) languages are closed under

* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

However, the RE languages are not closed under Complement.

==== The RE languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under union.

==== The RE languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under intersection.

==== The RE languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under concatenation.

==== The RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a RE language, then L* is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L* that the RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure.

==== The RE languages are closed under Substitution ====
If L is a RE language and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, in the alphabet of L there is an associated RE language, then Subst(L) is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by Subst(L) that the RE languages are closed under substitution.

==== The RE languages are ''not'' closed under Complement ====
If L is a RE language then its complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily RE. We can show this by example of an RE language with a complement that is definitely not RE. We have already given such an example earlier in the text. Its left as an exercise to find and understand the example.

=== Decision Properties of RE languages ===
We covered decidability and undecidability of selected computational problems, notably questions on the membership in recursively enumerable languages. The universal language, which we re-expressed as the halting problem (i.e., will the universal Turing machine always halt on its input) is undecidable (because M&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; may not halt when its argument TM does not accept its input).

In general, undecidability can signify one of two conditions. Membership in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;, for example, is undecidable in one sense, which is failure to say no and halt if a string is not in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;. More broadly though undecidability could mean failure to answer at all and halt 'yes' cases and/or 'no' cases. This second, broader notion of undecidability would relate to languages outside of RE, so we don't deal with it here. We restrict ourselves to undecidability in the former case -- the 'no' case -- as relates to the RE languages.

==== Rice's Theorem ====
A yes/no question of the RE languages is ''trivial'' if the correct answer is either 'yes' in all cases (i.e., its a property of all the RE languages) or its 'no' in the case of all RE languages. Otherwise, its a ''non-trivial'' question or property. For example, the question of whether a given RE language is a regular language is a non-trivial question/property of the RE languages, since some RE languages are regular and some are not.

Rice's Theorem says that every non-trivial question of the RE languages is undecidable.

Suppose we have a yes/no question Q about the RE languages. Then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of RE languages for which Q=yes. Continuing our earlier example, if Q is &quot;Is this language a regular language?&quot; then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of regular languages. In fact, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be viewed as a language of languages, where you'll recall that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be represented finitely by an automaton or grammar, and that each such finite representation can be expressed as a (binary) string. Because the questions Q vary widely, we'll always assume that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is a binary string representing a TM, regardless of whether it miight  be represented in some other fashion (e.g., as a FA). Its also common to refer to L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; as a property -- e.g., every member of L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; has the property of being a regular language.

To phrase things differently, a non-trivial property, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt;, of the RE

* is one for which { } &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt;, where L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all TMs (i.e., the RE languages);
* L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; = { }, where L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all always-halting TMs (i.e., the recursive languages);

•Regardless of non-trivial P, '''reduce L&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; (the Universal Language aka the Halting Problem, known undecidable) to L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;''', thus showing a contradiction with assumption that L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt; is decidable.

Rice’s Theorem implies an infinite number of undecidable properties for recursively enumerable languages, and it does it in one fell swoop. Rice’s Theorem tells us that for sufficiently expressive languages undecidability is the norm rather than the exception.

Of the problems implied by Rice’s Theorem to be undecidable, there are different kinds. Its undecidable whether a TM accepts the empty set, or a non-empty set. Given intuitions about complementation, we might think of these questions as essentially the same, but in fact when dealing with RE languages that are not recursive our intuitions regarding complement may be misleading. In the case of the question of whether an arbitrary TM accepts the empty language is not RE – its ''not'' a property that can be tested by any TM. Whereas, the question of whether a TM accepts a non-empty language is RE (but not recursive).

=== Expanding the Classes of Languages ===
Any characteristic defines a set of languages for which the characteristic is true of all members. Any question defines a set of languages for which the answer to the question is 'yes'.

== Exercises, Projects, and Discussions ==
'''RL Props Exercise 1:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', draw a visualization of the construction, choosing a way of visually representing the component DFAs in the construction, as well as the constructed NFA. Why do this exercise? Because many learners are visual learners, and undoubtedly all learners benefit from some visualization, be it mental imagery or manifest on 'paper'. An important skill for many or most in CS generally is an ability to visualize algorithms and data structures. This will undoubtedly continue to be a desirable skill even as AIs take over much of the software development burdon. As an aside, if you are interested in societal benefits of your efforts, consider and potentially act on the creation of educational materials in CS for the blind and hard of sight.

'''RL Props Exercise 2:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular expressions.

'''RL Props Exercise 3:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular grammars.

'''RL Props Exercise 4:''' Regular expressions were defined in terms of three operations -- concatenation, choice, and Kleene closure. Expand regular expressions based on closure properties for regular languages. The intent is not that you increase the representational power of REs, but that the expansion provides syntactic convenience and comprehensibility.

'''RL Props Exercise 5:''' Show that the regular languages are closed under reversal. That is, if L is a regular language then L&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; is a regular language.

'''CFL Exercise 1:''' Show that the CFLs are ''not'' closed under intersection.

'''Project 1:''' Investigate the properties of the class of inherently ambiguous CFLs.

'''Project 2:''' Investigate NP problems that are not ''NP complete'', or not known to be ''NP complete''. Are there any such problems?

'''Project 3:''' Investigate superpolynmial algorithms that are subexponential.

'''Project 4:''' Investigate Closure properties of P, NP, and NP complete problems

'''Exercise RecursiveSubstition1:''' Give a demonstration that if you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive.

'''Exercises (Closure Properties of RE languages)''' For each of the subsections above, demonstrate the truth value of the closure property as described.

== References ==</text>
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      <text bytes="88063" sha1="ezb59wjucvit6t92oriufklr6d1lo9o" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}[[File:Comprehensive_Language_Hierarchy.png|thumb|'''Figure LanguageHierarchy:''' The languages classes studied thus far, but with a few references on some of the topics to come, most notably algorithm complexity and more on undecidability.]]
A comprehensive picture of the hierarchy of language classes is shown in '''Figure LanguageHierarchy''', along with the briefest reference to concepts and factoids that have been covered. It is intended as a reference that can be reviewed quickly to good effect, possibly before an exam, or perhaps years later to confirm a fleeting memory.

== Kinds of Properties ==
A property of a ''given language'' is a statement or predicate that is true of the language. Suppose the language is the set of prime numbers. One property is that there is an algorithm for recognizing any input as a prime number or not. That is, the language of prime numbers is recursive. We've spent a lot of time on such properties -- that a language is in a class of languages, or that a particular language includes a particular string or not. We've covered other properties of specific languages too, perhaps only briefly, such as the property that a given language is ''inherently ambiguous'' or not.

A property of a ''language class'' is a statement or predicate that is true of all members of the class. We have not spent much time thus far on properties of language classes, other than definitional properties, which we discuss below.

=== Closure Properties ===
To preview one example, lets consider the class of CFLs. ∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L), where L is a language and P is a property. A property of the CFLs is that if L is a CFL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; is a CFL. This is an example of a ''closure property'' -- that the CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure, aka repetition. As another example of a closure property, again of the CFL class, ∀&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;,&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs ∧ L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs) → R(L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), where L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are languages and R is a property, such as union: if L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL; the CFLs are closed under union.
[[File:ClosurePropertiesSummary.png|left|thumb|'''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary:''' Closure properties of language classes. A check &lt;math&gt;\checkmark&lt;/math&gt;in a cell indicates that the language class in the corresponding column is closed under the operation of the corresponding row. No check in a cell indicates that the language class is not closed under the operation.]]
But if we say that a property does not hold for a language class, such as the CFLs, this means that the property is not true of all CFLs, or equivalently, there exists a CFL for which the property does not hold. That is, for CFLs,  ¬(∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; ¬(L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; ¬P(L)), where L is a language and P is a property. For example, if L is a CFL, then L's complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily a CFL; the CFLs are not closed under complement, or put another way, the class of CFLs does not possess the closed-under-complement property. Its important to recognize that this is a statement about a ''class'' of languages, the CFLs, not a statement about a particular language. Thus, its not inconsistent to say that the class of CFLs do not possess the closed-under-complement property, but that the complement of a particular CFL is also a CFL.

We have talked extensively about certain definitional properties of various language classes already -- the type of grammar that generates languages in the class, the kind of automata that recognize them, and other representations and patterns of languages in the class (e.g., as stated in the Pumping Lemma). These are all examples of definitional properties of selected language classes. A new focus in this chapter is closure properties (or not) of language classes. This text focuses on six closure properties, but there are many other closure properties that are addressed in other texts. A preview of our coverage is shown in '''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary'''.

=== Decision Properties ===
[[File:DecisionPropertiesSummary.png|alt=See caption|thumb|'''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary:''' Decision problems/questions that are decidable are indicated by a check under the applicable language classes. The decision questions are, from top to bottom, test of membership of a string in a language, whether the language is empty or not, whether the language is equivalent to the Kleene  closure of the language's alphabet, and where two languages of the class are equivalent. ]]
In addition to closure properties, we will also discuss selected ''decision properties'' in this chapter. A decision property corresponds to a yes/no question about a language class that is decidable in all cases. We have already covered in considerable detail, for example, membership decision properties. Every language class we have studied, except RE, has the decision property that a test of membership in a language of the class is an algorithm. A test of membership is decidable for regular languages, DCFLs, CFLs, CSLs, and ''recursive'' languages, and thus each of those classes has the test-of-membership decision property. The ''recursively enumerable'' languages generally, notably to include those languages that are not ''recursive'', do not have the test-of-membership decision property because the question of membership of an arbitrary ''recursively enumerable'' language is undecidable. We've spent so much time on this question already that we don't repeat the analysis in discussing each language class in this chapter, but we do include it in the summary of decision properties in '''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary'''.

Recall that a question is decidable if there exists a TM (or computer program) that given a requisite number of language specifications (e.g., as grammars or automata) as input, and correctly answers the question for which the TM was designed to answer. As yet another example of a decision property, in this case of the regular languages, recall we have already sketched an algorithm for answering whether two regular languages, as represented finitely through DFAs, NFAs, RegExps, or RGs, are the same language. So if we are given a RegExp that represents a language and an NFA that represents a language, then clearly the languages represented by each are regular, and we can translate each language specification into a DFA, minimize each of the resulting DFAs, and see if the two minimal state DFAs are identical, aside from state names. This process can be implemented as a TM or computer program that correctly answers whether its two input language specifications represent the same language or not. In my example I seemed to suggest that the inputs can be different in form -- one as an RegExp and one as a NFA -- but for purposes of implementation we could insist on both inputs as RegExps, or both as NFAs, or both as DFAs, or both as RGs; or we could use TMs as the way we represent all languages that are input to decision questions.

The ''class of regular languages has the property that the question of equivalence is decidable'' because we can test for equivalence by using a single correct TM for all (pairs of) regular languages that are inputs to the TM.

In contrast, if we say that a decision question is undecidable for a class of languages then that means that there does not exist a TM that correctly answers the question (and halts) for all languages in the class. For example, it is undecidable whether two CFLs, as represented finitely by CFGs or PDAs, or TMs, are the same language. But we want to be careful about language here. We've said earlier that a property of a class of languages is a statement that is true of all languages in the class. So rather than saying that &lt;s&gt;the ''class of CFLs has the property that the question of equivalence is undecidable''&lt;/s&gt;'','' which you might see in some sources, we'll say that ''the class of CFLs does not have the property of decidability on the question of equivalence''. This is consistent with the discussion on closure properties as well. It is still the case that particular pairs of CFL specifications can be shown to be equivalent using a TM created to answer the equivalence questions for CFLs, but no TM can be found that is always correct and always halts.

As with closure properties we will only reference a limited number of decision properties, though when we reach the RE languages we will describe Rice's theorem and its astounding conclusion that an infinite number of decision questions are undecidable in the case of the RE languages generally.

== Properties of Regular Languages ==
If we want to show that a language is regular it will be possible to construct an FA, regular expression, or regular grammar that demonstrably represents the language, perhaps verified by a proof by induction or contradiction. A construction argument, whether followed by an auxiliary proof or not, often represents a kind of gold standard of demonstration.

=== Closure Properties of Regular Languages ===
Closure properties can also be used to show a language, L, is regular (or in some other class of languages for that matter). We can do this by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to a language, X, known to be regular (e.g., by construction), until reaching the target language, L, thus demonstrating that X &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL. In addition, closure properties can be handy in showing that a language, L, is ''not'' regular, by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to L, until a language, X, is derived that is known through some other demonstration to ''not'' be regular. Thus, the original language, L, must not have been regular either (i.e., demonstrating X &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL).

The regular languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

It will be interesting to compare the closure properties of the regular languages with those closure properties of more inclusive languages – context free, context sensitive, and unrestricted.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Complement ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then the complement of L, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is regular.

Since L is regular, there is a DFA, M, that recognizes L. Construct the DFA for &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, call it &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, by simultaneously changing all accepting states in M to non-accepting states, and changing all non-accepting states in M to accepting states. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; accepts a string w then w must have taken a path to an accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was a non-accepting state in M, so w is not in L. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; did not accept a string w then w must have taken a path to a non-accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was an accepting state in M, so w is in L.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions, M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as follows.

* Create copies of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call the copies M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a start state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions from that start state to each of the start states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a single accepting state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition for each of the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to the accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
* Change the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to non-accepting states.

M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Intersection ====
[[File:DFAofIntersection.png|thumb|'''Figure DFAofIntersection:''' The language  {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3} is regular.&lt;/nowiki&gt;]]
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Suppose L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are regular languages over alphabet Σ. Then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is regular. This must be so since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = ~(~L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; ~L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and the regular languages are closed under complement and union. But we can also directly construct a DFA that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from the DFAs that must exist for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)) and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)), respectively. The following is adapted from (pp. 59-60, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft1979&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1979). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;; p. 137, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft2007&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Motwani, Rajeev, Ullman, Jeffrey D. (2007). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation 3rd Edition. Pearson Education, Inc/Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;).

M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; , [q&lt;sub&gt;1,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ], F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. For each pair of states from M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively, define a state in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; . For each of these pairs of states, on each symbol ''a'' in Σ, define a transition in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt;

                                                                          &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;([q&lt;sub&gt;1i,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; ], ''a'') = [&lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;1i&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a''), &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a'')]

As an example, consider {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3}. Its easy to build a DFA that accepts an even number of 0s, and its easy to build a DFA that accepts an integer multiple of 3 number of 0s. A DFA for their intersection is shown in '''Figure DFAofIntersection''', and thus the intersection of the two regular languages is thus regular.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

The concatenation of languages L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, written L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;}. That is, any word from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; followed immediately by any word of L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is a string in the language of the concatenation.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions by

* copying M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; , call them M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* connect M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' by adding an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;', and
* change every accepting state in M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to be a non-accepting state.

M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

As a matter of interest and subsequent utility, we can extend concatenation to a sequence of more than two languages, so that L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and ... and w&lt;sub&gt;mi&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;}.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then L* is a regular language.

We introduced Kleene closure in defining regular expressions, and also called it the repetition operator. The Kleene closure of a language L, L*, equals {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | for all m &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and each w&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}. That is, strings in L* are each a concatenation of an indefinite number of strings from L.

If L is a regular language then there is a DFA, M, that recognizes it. To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions that recognizes L*,

* copy M as M',
* add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state to M' to the existing start state of M',
* add a new start state to M' with an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition to the original start state of M', and
* make the new start state of M' an accepting state as well (so that the NFA accepts the empty string).

The resulting NFA accepts L* and so L* is a regular language.

==== '''Regular Languages are closed under Substitution''' ====
Substitution is the most complicated of the operations that we will consider. Suppose L is a language, regular or not, over alphabet Σ. Suppose further that for each symbol in Σ, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, we associate a language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. We will speak of the substitution operation, ''Subst'', as being applied to each symbol of Σ, to each string of L, and to L itself. Subst is an ''overloaded'' function, much as that term is applied in certain programming languages. If x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; is a symbol in Σ then Subst(x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;) is the strings in Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., simply Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; itself. If w = a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L, then Subst(w) = Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)...Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), that is Subst(w) is the concatenation of the languages (see above) associated with the various symbols in w. Finally, Subst(L) = {Subst(w) &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}, that is Subst(L) is the set of strings resulting from the substitution applied too all strings in L. Importantly, the alphabets for the various languages, L and the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s don't have too be the same. The alphabet for the language Subst(L) is the union of the alphabets of all the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; languages, and that alphabet may or may not share any symbols with the alphabet of L.

If L is the set of strings of 0s and 1s with at least two consecutive 0s, and L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} then Subst(0) = L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and Subst(1) = L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} . Subst(100) = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w in Subst(1)Subst(0)Subst(0)} = {&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ..., a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ...}. That is, Subst(100) is all possible ways of drawing a string from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba}, followed by two draws from L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;}.  Subst(L) is the set of strings over an alphabet of {a,b,&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;,&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;} where each b must followed immediately by an 'a' (why?), and there must be at least one consecutive pair of &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt; and/or &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt; (why?).

'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated regular language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a regular language.

If L and all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are regular languages then there are DFAs that recognize L and each of the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s. Call these DFAs M (for L) and Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; (for each Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions for Subst(L), do as follows.

* Make a copy of M called M'
* For each transition in M' from state q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt; on input symbol x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, splice in the DFA for Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, by
** make a copy of each Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, call it Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to the start state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;' to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt;.

The resulting NFA recognizes Subst(L) and thus Subst(L) is a regular language.

=== Decision Properties of Regular Languages ===
The decision properties of the regular languages include

* equivalence test of languages
* test for emptiness of a language
* test for all strings over an alphabet

==== Equivalence test of two regular languages is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are the same language.

We described the proof sketch above under Kinds_of_properties/Decision_properties and do not repeat that here.

==== Test of whether a regular language is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts the empty language -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is a '''''non-accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language use the same process as described earlier of translating the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is empty, else its not empty.

==== Test of whether a regular language is Σ* is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is Σ*.

Do very much as described immediately above with one small change. There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts Σ* -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is an '''''accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language translate the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is Σ*, else its not.

== Properties of Deterministic Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are closed under complement, but not under union, concatenation, Kleene Closure, intersection, or substitution.

==== The DCFLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a DCFL, then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a DCFL, because from a DPDA for L we can construct a DPDA for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; by  swapping accepting and non-accepting states. 

=== Decision Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, on the equivalence of a DCFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two DCFLs.

==== Test of whether a DCFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a DCFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

The proof follows from the fact that decidability of the emptiness test is true of the class of CFLs. See that proof sketch for the wider class of CFLs.

== Properties of Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CFLs ===
The CFLs are closed under

* Union
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

In contrast to the regular languages, the CFLs are not closed under complementation and the CFLs are not closed under intersection.

==== CFLs are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). To construct a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a new start symbol, S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two associated productions, one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). Assume the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and that the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; with a single production to S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFLs, then L* is a CFL.

We've previously used the Kleene closure or repetition operator only in reference to regular languages, but the operation applies to languages of any class. L* is the set of strings w that are composed of 0 or more concatenated substrings, w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, where each w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates L, with a start symbol that we'll call S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L*, create a new start symbol, call it S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions, one to &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; and one to S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;. (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L*, so L* is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Substitution ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated CFL Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a CFL.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG that generates L, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. If all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are CFLs then there are CFGs that generate each, call them G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To create a CFG that generates Subst(L), G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt;, replace every instance of an alphabet/terminal symbol in the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; with the start symbol for the grammar of the language corresponding to that symbol, and make the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; be the union of all the revised productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; and all the productions of all the G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt;'s. G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates Subst(L), so Subst(L) is a CFL.

==== CFLs are ''not'' closed under complementation ====
Intuitively, you might think that given a PDA for a language, we can just invert the accepting and non-accepting states as we did with FAs, but the added complexity of the stack makes this insufficient for showing the CFLs are closed under complement.

To say that a language class is not closed under an operation, is to say that ''there exists'' at least one language (for a unary operation such as complementation) or at least two languages for a binary operation such as intersection, that don't result in a language of the specified class. So, finding such a counterexample is sufficient for showing the CFLs are not closed under complementation, for example. But finding such a counterexample can be nontrivial. How do we show that the complement of a particular CFL is not a CFL? We would have to show that there is no CFG or PDA for it.

Consider the language L = {a&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;j&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;k&lt;/sup&gt; | i,j,k &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j or j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k}. '''CFG Exercise 2''' in chapter &quot;Context Free (Type 2) Grammars and Languages&quot; asked you to give a CFG for this language, thus demonstrating that it is a CFL. The complement of L is {a&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; | n &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0}, that is  ¬ (i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k) ≡ (i = j  &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; j = k) which is not a CFL because there is no CFG that can generate &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;. We don't prove this formally, but intuitively a memory of n would have to exist across two boundaries, both between 'a's and 'b's, as well as 'b's and 'c's, which cannot be done simultaneously with a CFG (or a PDA).

=== Decision Properties of CFLs ===
The context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, but NOT on the equivalence of a CFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two CFLs.

==== Test of whether a CFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

If L is a CFL, then there is a CFG that generates L. In fact, it can  be shown that there is a CFG generating L that has no unreachable symbols (i.e., all variables and terminals can be generated as part of sentential forms from the start symbol of the CFG), and there are no useless symbols (i.e., substrings of terminals  can be generated by all variables). Do a breadth-first enumeration of sentential forms from such a grammar, and if after an &quot;adequate&quot; number of generations a string is not found, then L is empty, else its not empty. If a variable is repeated along a path along a sentential form, E, with the first instance of the variable, to a sentential form, F, with the second instance of the same variable, then the path can be pruned at E, because there are other paths that include E but without the repeated variable in a later sentential form. If no paths exist without repeated variables, then the language is empty. 

== Properties of Context Sensitive Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CSLs ===
The CSLs are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

==== The CSLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a CSL then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. If L is. a CSL then there is a linear bounded TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L, and that halts on all inputs. A linear bounded TM for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; can be created that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine and that accepts if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; rejects, and that rejects if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; accepts.

==== The CSLs are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL. If L1 and L2 are CSLs then there are CSGs, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To construct a CSG to generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; copy all the productions G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; with variables renamed as necessary so as to not confuse variables from different grammars, and create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; for the new grammar, G&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. This new grammar is a CSG since the new productions are all noncontracting, and it generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a CSL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. We can say instead that L&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; = L* - &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; is a CSL if it is important to exclude &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Substitution ====
The CSLs are closed under substitution. The proof sketch is much like the argument for CFLs. The closure under substitution, however, depends on the fact that a CSL, strictly speaking, does not include the empty string, &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;. We will elaborate on the significance of this when discussing substitution for recursive languages.

=== Decision Properties of CSLs ===

== Properties of Recursive Languages ==
As I have already noted under section &quot;Turing Machines and Language Classes/Recursive languages&quot;, the definitional characteristic of the class of recursive languages is that there is a TM that recognizes the language and that is ''guaranteed to halt in both accept and reject cases''. Because of this gaurantee, recognition of a recursive language is said to be ''decidable''. We also say that the recursive languages are recognized by an algorithm. Unlike all the other language classes discussed so far, there is no class of grammar that precisely delimits the recursive languages, though of course there are grammars that  generate a subset of the recursive languages, notably CSLs.

=== Closure Properties of Recursive Languages ===
The recursive languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure

However, the recursive languages are not closed under substitution.

Since there is no equivalent class of grammars for the recursive languages, all our arguments about closure (or not) of recursive languages will be based on TMs.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Complement ====
If L is a recursive language, then there is a TM, call it M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L and that is guaranteed to halt for all accept cases and in all reject cases. Create a new TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;', that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns accept for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns reject. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns reject for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns accept. M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' accepts the complement of L, and always halts, so the complement of L is recursive.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. From M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; we construct an always halting TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Since TMs and computers are equivalent in terms of what can be computed, we represent M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; in programming language pseudocode with the understanding that this can be translated to a TM.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Union (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept OR M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

Each of the component TMs for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are being used as subroutines. The construction for  M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;'s behavior covers all conditions and is gauranteed to halt.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Intersection (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept AND M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. At a high level,

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Concatenation (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the |w|+1 ways to partition w into xy

           IF M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(x) == accept and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(y) == accept THEN RETURN accept

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a recursive language then L* is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; be the TM recognizing L and that is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Repetition (M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the 2&lt;sup&gt;|w|-1&lt;/sup&gt; ways to partition w into x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;,

             IF  M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;) == accept for all x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; in x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; THEN RETURN accept   // can implement as a loop

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive Languages are ''not'' closed under Substitution ====
If you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive. Why should the recursive languages be  different from the other language classes that are subsets of the recursive languages -- CSLs, CFLs, regular languages? Whereas these distinguished subsets cannot include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; (i.e., their grammars cannot include productions of the form &lt;math&gt;\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;), a arbitrary recursive language can include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, and the possibility of 'erasing' symbols from strings are what introduces the possibility of a substitution yielding  a language that is outside the recursive class. 

Consider a proof sketch that the recursive languages are not closed under substitution from Ullman. That is, if L ⊆ Σ* is a recursive language, and for each symbol ''a'' ∈Σ, subst(a) = L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then subst(L) is not necessarily a recursive language.   

“To see why, consider the particular language ''L'' consisting of strings of the form '''(''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;)''', where ''M'' is a coded Turing machine with binary input alphabet, ''w'' is a binary string, and '''c''' is a symbol not appearing elsewhere. The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most i moves.  Clearly ''L'' is recursive; we may simulate ''M'' on ''w'' for ''i'' moves and then decide whether or not to accept. However, if we apply to ''L'' the homomorphism&quot; (i.e., a restricted type of substitution), &quot;that maps the symbols other than ''c'' to themselves, and maps ''c'' to ε, we find that ''h(L)''&quot; (i.e., subst(L)), &quot;is the universal language, which we called ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;''. We know that ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;'' is not recursive. “ Ullman (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/ialcsols/sol9.html, Exercise 9.2.6(e))

Homomorphism, a special case of substitution, is when each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;, for 'a' in Σ, is a singleton set – that is, each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; contains a single string, including possibly the empty string. So, for example if L is defined over Σ = {c, d, e}, and subst(c) = {01}, subst(d) = {rq23t}, and subst(e) = {𝜀}, then if w = ‘ceed’ then subst(w) = {01rq23t}.

Ullman's construction illustrates a very general way of dealing with languages/problems that are not recursive and therefore may not halt without an additional constraint. To make a recursive language from the original --  that is, to guarantee halting -- put a definite upper-bound on the number of steps that the procedure can run, and if one hits that upper-bound before a string is accepted by the procedure, M, then halt  (and say 'no', or perhaps 'do not know'). That is, suppose that M is a procedure, which is equivalent to a Turing machine, and we can execute M one step at a time by appropriately instrumenting M. Then a procedure, M' , can be expressed this way:

&lt;M', wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Bounded-M (M, w, n) {

i = n 

DO {

* Execute next step of M

* Decrement i by 1

} UNTIL (i = 0 OR M accepted) 

IF M accepted THEN RETURN(yes) ELSE RETURN(no)

}

In Ullman's contradicting case of closure under substitution -- (''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) or (''M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) --'' where 'n' now is the upperbound (because we are using 'i' as the counter) ''--''  subst((M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;)) = (''M'',''w''), which as Ullman notes is the universal language, and which is known to be undecidable, that is, not recursive.

This may seem a bit mind-bending, and it does leave some of us with hesitation, as expressed by some users on reddit who wanted, to their credit, a deeper understanding. Shouldn't the result of the substitution above be interpreted as &quot;The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most ZERO moves&quot;, since all the 'c' characters have all been erased?

To better understand the solution, its easier to use the pseudo-code formulation above, which I've carefully constructed, where &quot;no 'c' characters&quot;  corresponds to the case where n=0 in the pseudocode. In that case entering the DO loop for the first time will cause i to be decremented to -1 and the DO loop can never, thereafter,  be exited because of the 'i=0' case; the only way to exit the loop is if M accepts, and if M never accepts then M' doesn't halt. M' can take any M and w as arguments -- M' is equivalent to a bounded universal TM,  but in the case where n is initially 0, it is equivalent the universal TM. 

Again, the recursive languages are not closed under general substitution because of the possibility of erasure caused by the substitution with the possibility of 𝜀. However, '''''the recursive languages are closed under 𝜀-free substitutions''''', where 𝜀 in a substituting language is disallowed. In some sources you may see that the CSLs are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions as well, because of the possibility of 𝜀 in a CSL, or not, is left as a technicality that is glossed over; strictly speaking, however, 𝜀, cannot be in a CSL, because a CSG is is a normal form of a non-contracting grammar, so by the strict assumptions that L is a CSL, there can be no production to 𝜀 and therefore the '''''𝜀-'''''free qualifier is not needed. A demonstration that the recursive languages are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions can include the same kind of argument for testing differentt segmentations of strings that we made for closure under concatenation and Kleene closure. 

=== Decision Properties of Recursive languages ===

=== Runtime Complexity ===
Many students who are taking a class on formal languages, automata, and computation will have already studied algorithm efficiency, perhaps in the form of big-O notation. Runtime efficiency is typically regarded as a characteristic of recursive languages (i.e, membership algorithms defined by always-halting TMs or computer programs), which is why we address efficiency in this chapter on properties of the recursive languages. It would make less sense to talk about efficiency in the case of undecidable problems, but a project asks you to investigate the relevance of efficiency and undecidable problems.

Big-O notation is used to indicate an upper bound on runtime cost, or space requirements or some other resource, but we will focus on time initially. Precisely, if ''n'' is a measure of the size of the input to a procedure, and I say that the procedure is O(''f(n)''), then that means that for big enough values of ''n'', the procedure’s actual runtime ''g(n)'' ≤ c*''f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t''. ''t'' is the value that tells us what value of ''n'' is “big enough”. In English, this tells us that the actual runtime of a procedure, g(n), never exceeds some constant c times f(n) for big enough n.

Where do the values of constants ''c'' and ''t'' come from? For practical purposes they could come from experiments with a procedure on different size ''n'', or from analysis, but for theoretical purposes (at least to many theoreticians much of the time) we don’t care. Its enough to know that these constants exist, and that they depend on the algorithm’s implementation details (i.e., what is the language of implementation, the hardware the procedure is run on, etc), and this is precisely why we don’t care about their particular values from a theoretical standpoint. And so we typically don’t fret about the constants and simply say the procedure is O(''f(n)''), where ''f(n)'' is typically a member of some general and simply-stated class of functions, like n&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; or 1 (constant), log ''n'' (logarithmic), ''n'' (linear), ''n'' log ''n'', ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' (quadratic), ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'',  2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt; (exponential), and ''n!'' (combinatoric). I have listed these simply-stated function classes in order of increasing complexity or growth rate. That is, ''n'' log ''n'' will always be less than ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' for sufficiently sized ''n'', for example.

If I say that an algorithm runs in O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') time, then that means the actual run time, ''g(n)'', of the procedure will be bounded above for big enough n: ''g(n)'' ≤ ''c*n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'', for ''n'' ≥ ''t.'' Notice that if a algorithm is O(''n''), for example, then it is also O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') and … and O(''n!''). Convince yourself that this is true given the formal definition of big-O notation. The problem, however, with saying that an algorithm’s runtime is O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) when it is also O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) is that the former is misleading because ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'' is not as &quot;tight&quot; an upper bound as is possible. This concern with tightly characterizing the run time complexity of an algorithm is one reason that we also like to characterize algorithms by lower bounds. Ω(''f(n)'') means that for big enough values of ''n,'' the algorithm’s actual runtime ''g(n) ≥ c*f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t.'' The constants for a big-Omega characterization of an algorithm may be different than the constants for a big-O characterization of the same algorithm, but again, we don’t typically care about the constants. If an algorithm can be characterized by both O(''f(n)'') and Ω(''f(n)'') (i.e., upper and lower bounds for the same ''f(n)'') then we consider ''f(n)'' as a tight characterization of the algorithm’s runtime, and we signify this with big-Theta notation Θ(''f(n)'') means ''c&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n) ≥ g(n) ≥ c&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n)'' for ''n ≥ t'' (''t = max(t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)'').

It would be easy to dive still deeper into complexity theory, but under the assumption that you have or will look at this more deeply in an advanced course on algorithm analysis, I’ll sum up with three miscellaneous points. First, its common to say that if an algorithm is characterized by O(''f(n)'') behavior (or Omega or Theta), then the actual runtime, ''g(n) = O(f(n))''. This may seem like an odd use of the equality symbol and it is indeed an odd convention (if I had my druthers I might have overloaded the membership symbol instead, so g(n) ∈ O(f(n))). Second, when using any of the notations it is appropriate to say “in the worst case” or “the best case” or the “average case”, though you might think that big-O naturally corresponds to the worst case, big-Omega to the best, and big-Theta to the average, and you wouldn’t be wrong in some sense. But imagine cases, in say AI, where there is a partial ordering on run times, and in one subset of instances performance ranges from best to worst for that subset, while a different subset has a different values for best, average, and worst. In any case, you’ll hear and read that worst case for insertion sort is O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and best case is O(''n''), as but one example where O-notation serves double duty.

Thirdly, in theory settings, particularly in introductory texts like this one, worst case performance is taken to be of most importance – just how bad can this algorithm be!?! Worst case performance that is greater than polynomial (i.e., with growth rate greater than n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt; for any positive value of p), notably O(2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) and O(''n!''), will determine whether a problem is &quot;intractable&quot;.

In short, using big-O (or big-Omega or big-Theta) there is a hierarchy of language (problem) classes: O(1) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'' log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n!''). There are many other language classes defined in terms of runtime of course.

==== Intractability ====
A dictionary definition of an &quot;intractable problem&quot; is one that is extremely hard or impossible to solve. Problems that are in RE but not recursive are undecidable, and are intractable in a strong sense. Problems that don’t have solutions that are representable by Turing machines at all (i.e., non-RE) are intractable in the strongest sense.

But what we will usually mean by intractability are problems for which the only known solution procedures are greater than polynomial in time and/or space as a function of input size (e.g., exponential, combinatorial).

==== ''P'' and ''NP'' ====
''P'' and ''NP'' are two broad classes of languages (problems). Any deterministic algorithm that runs in O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) time, where p is any real number constant, belongs to class ''P''(olynomial). Remember that O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) will include other, smaller growth rate functions, like ''n'' log ''n'', as well. An example of a problem in ''P'' is finding the ''minimum weight spanning tree'' (MWST) of a weighted graph. ''Kruskal’s algorithm'' is a polynomial time algorithm that finds the MWST.

Any algorithm that cannot be characterized by polynomial deterministic runtime is not in ''P''.
[[File:NPprocedure.png|thumb|'''Figure NPprocedure:'''  A non-deterministic polynomial algorithm is one that pursues multiple paths (of instantaneous descriptions) “simultaneously” towards a solution (brute-force, breadth-first), where each path length is a polynomial function of input size.]]
''NP'', standing for ''Nondeterministic Polynomial'', is the class of algorithms, which when run on a nondeterministic TM that is capable of simulating all possible solution paths in parallel, will run in time that is polynomial as a function of the input size. Of course, a NTM cannot simulate all paths in parallel, so a more practical expression of the ''NP'' class are algorithms where solution paths are a polynomial function of their input in length. ''NP'' problems have a hard to solve, &quot;easy&quot; to validate character. Finding a solution may require exploring a large number of paths, perhaps O(''2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;'') or O(''n!'') paths, but each path is polynomial in length, and thus a given solution can be validated in polynomial time, as illustrated in '''Figure NPprocedure'''.

An  example  of an ''NP'' problem is the Traveling Sales Problem (TSP) with a weighted graph. That is, expressed as a language, the TSP asks whether there is a cycle of all nodes in a weighted graph with a total weight that is a specified maximum or less. If so, the encoded graph is a member of the language of graphs for which there is an acceptable tour, otherwise it is not. It is standard that a satisfying tour accompany a 'yes' answer. There are at least O(n!) number of paths (hard to find) of length ''n'', where n is the number of vertices, so each solution is O(''n'') in length (easy to validate).

Every problem in ''P'' is also in ''NP'', so ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subseteq&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. What is strongly suspected, but not yet proved is that ''P'' is a proper subset of ''NP'',  ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subset
&lt;/math&gt; ''NP.'' Despite suspicions to the contrary, you will hear that demonstrating that ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP'' (or P &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; NP) is one of the biggest open problems in computational theory. In light of all this, we will call a problem intractable if it is in ''NP'', and not known to be in ''P''.

==== The Satisfiability Problem is NP ====
The TSP is one example of an ''NP'' problem that is not known to be in ''P''. A second, and especially important example of an ''NP'' problem, which is not known to be in ''P'', is satisfiability, or SAT for short.

The SAT problem is

* Given: a Boolean expression over ''n'' variables, say in conjunctive normal form
* Find: an assignment of truth values to all ''n'' variables such that the entire expression is true.

For example, say we are given  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).

Since there are 4 variables, x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; through x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, this is called a 4-SAT problem. There are 2&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; combinations of assignments to the four variables. An assignment that renders the entire expression true is x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = false, x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = false: (¬false ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ ¬true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ false) = (true ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ false ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false). Since there is at least one assignment that renders the entire expression true, the expression is ''satisfiable''. If all assignments led to a true expression, then the expression would be a ''tautology'', but that need not be the case for the expression  to be satisfiable.
[[File:SATisNP.png|left|thumb|'''Figure SATisNP:''' In the worst case the algorithm at top may need to iterate through the FOR loop 2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; times.]]
Consider this 2-SAT problem: (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;). There are 2&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; assignments. Confirm that none of the four assignments result in the entire expression being true. This expression in ''unsatisfiable'' (aka the expression is a ''contradiction'').
[[File:SAThillclimbing.png|thumb|'''Figure SAThillclimbing:''' Max_restarts and Max_tweeks are set by the user. &quot;Tweeks&quot; are small changes to truth assignment, such as flipping the truth value of one variable (e.g., flip the value of x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; from true to false). When this algorithm answers 'no' it will only be correct  with some probability since the procedure will typically stop short of examining all possible assignments. Nonetheless, enough assignments will have been examined  typically to insure high probability of correctness in the 'no' case (and certainty of correctness in the 'yes' case).]]
SAT is ''NP'' because there are an exponential number of possible solutions, 2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;, for ''n'' variables, but each solution is size ''n.'' In the worst case, an algorithm like that shown in '''Figure SATisNP''', might have to examine all the assignments, but in point of fact, it's not generally that bad. Even problems for which a solution is nondeterministic polynomial, and there is no known polynomial time solution, its very often the case that answers can be found quickly. The SATisfiability problem is ''NP'', but a very simple procedure that works well in practice is hill-climbing in search of a value assignment that makes an entire Boolean expression true. In this approach, a solution is guessed randomly, checked for satisfaction of the expression, and revised or simply guessed again. Details of a procedure are shown in '''Figure SAThillclimbing'''. Hill climbing, btw, is a popular greedy search procedure that is used in many experimentally-oriented fields, like AI, which are often fast and yield satisfactory results. In general, hill-climbing is one of many ways of effectively dealing with intractability in practice.

==== Deterministic Polynomial Time Reductions ====
We have previously studied reductions of a language/problem Q to a language/problem R. Recall that if we say Q reduces to R then if we have a solution for R we can use it to create a solution for Q; R is at least as hard as Q (else a solution for R would not assure a solution for Q). As one implication of this hardness observation, to show that R has a certain hardness characteristic (i.e., undecidability, intractability), or something “worse”, then show a correct reduction from a procedure that we know has that hardness characteristic to R. Previously, this hardness characteristic was undecidability. Now, it can be intractability too.

We know that SATisfiability is in ''NP'' (with no known solution in ''P'') – we constructed an algorithm for it that was clearly ''NP'' in '''Figure SATisNP'''. We can reduce SAT to another problem, say ''solving simultaneous integer linear inequalities'', thereby showing that this latter problem is &quot;at least&quot; ''NP''.  Consider the earlier SAT problem:  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). This is easily translated to an integer linear program (ILP) by replacing each Boolean variable x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with an integer variable t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and replacing each negated variable ¬x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with (1 - t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). That's the reduction! So, the example SAT problem becomes the ILP:

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

A solution to this ILP is

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

which can be mapped to a solution to the SAT problem, again through an easy substitution: x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = false iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 0, and x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = true iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 1. Confirm the correctness of this substitution to the SAT problem. The significance of all this is, again, that an algorithm for solving the ILP can be adapted to solving SAT. Moreover, the adaptation of the solution is easy in this case -- its O(''n''), where ''n'' is the number of source variables t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and also number of target variables x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. So, if we should ever find an efficient, deterministic polynomial time algorithm, O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;), for solving ILPs, we will have a polyomial time algorithm for solving SAT, since O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) + O(''n'') = O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)!

In general, to the idea of reduction, we add a constraint that in cases where we care about algorithm complexity, the reduction must be polynomial in time using a deterministic algorithm, so that if efficient polynomial time algorithms are found for what are currently regarded as intractable problems, the cost of adapting the more efficient solutions to still other problems does not push the adaptation back into intractable territory.

In the case of SAT and ILP, we have a deterministic polynomial time (i.e., O(n)) reduction from SAT to ILP. Confirm that we can also construct a deterministic polynomial time reduction from ILP to SAT (also of deterministic O(n) time). So these problems are of comparable complexity. This need not always be the case, and in general the reduction in one direction may be more costly than the other direction, but still O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) for it to be a deterministic polynomial time reduction.

==== NP Completeness ====
A problem Q is ''NP hard'' if every problem in ''NP'' deterministically polynomial reduces to Q (i.e., Q is at least as hard as every NP problem). Moreover, if (1) Q is also in the class ''NP'', and (2) every problem in ''NP'' deterministic polynomial reduces to Q,  then Q is said to be ''NP complete''. Note that there are two conditions, as just stated, that have to be satisfied for a problem to be ''NP complete''.

So that this is concrete, let’s say that Q is SAT. If we can show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT, then that says that a solution to SAT can be adapted to solve every other ''NP'' problem as well. And moreover, because the reductions from all ''NP'' problems to SAT will be polynomial time reductions, then if an efficient deterministic polynomial time solution is ever found for SAT (i.e., if SAT &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; P), then every problem in ''NP'' can be solved in deterministic polynomial time, and ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. That's significant!

But how do we show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT in polynomial time? There are an infinite number of problems/languages in ''NP'' !

We know that every problem in ''NP'' is solved by a non-deterministic Turing Machine that always halts, and we can express a &quot;generic&quot; NDTM for any ''NP'' problem in terms of SAT. This is one insight of Cook's Theorem.

===== Cook's Theorem =====
''Cook’s Theorem'' says that every problem in ''NP'' (i.e., a question of membership of an input ''w'' in the language of any non-deterministic Turing Machine, ''NTM'', assured of halting) can be deterministically polynomial-time reduced to SAT (i.e., a question of whether a Boolean expression is satisfiable).

How can we reduce ''&lt;NTM, w&gt;'' to a Boolean expression, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, where E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; is judged satisfiable iff ''NTM'' accepts ''w''?

Any ''NP'' problem, by the definition of ''NP'', has paths of configurations or instantaneous  descriptions (i.e., solution or nonsolution paths) that are each O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) in length (i.e., a (non)solution is polynomial in the size of the input, ''n'' -- remember that this is why ''NP'' solutions are 'easy' to validate). Because each transition of NTM can move its read/write head at most cell on its tape, and can only write at most one symbol of its tape, the longest that a single instantaneous description (ID) can become is also O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) since there is a maximum of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) moves along any path of IDs by ''NTM''. Cook therefore posited a matrix of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows, each an ID, and O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) columns, each corresponding to a tape cell in an ID. Thus, each cell of the matrix is an (ID, Tape Cell) pair. Moving down the rows correspond to making moves along a path of IDs, and making a change in a tape cell is the change to that cell in moving from one ID to the next. Without loss of generality, we assume that ''NTM''  uses a one-way infinite tape.
[[File:Cook'sThmMatrixOverview.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix:''' A O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix that is a schema for all possible trajectories of a nonderministic TM that represents an NP language, on an input of length ''n''.]]
The size of this matrix is O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) = O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) as shown in '''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix'''.

Importantly, this matrix is strictly a theoretical construct, important because it puts bounds on the size of the problem to be reduced. The matrix does not represent an actual run of ''NTM'' along any one path -- it couldn't because if running ''NTM'' were part of the reduction, then the reduction would not necessaily be deterministic polynomial time! Rather, the matrix is a schema that represents the totality of the set of possible paths that can be pursued by ''NTM'' on ''w'', just as the reduction to E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; will imply the set of of possible n-tuple truth value assignments to the ''n'' variables of the E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;. Also, recognize that the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix is an upperbound on the dimensions of a possible path followed by ''NTM''. Some problems will require fewer rows/IDs than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) and/or fewer tape cells in an ID than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;). But for convenience of demonstration, we think of the upperbounds as the actual dimensions, and we assume that every row is filled with blanks of unused rightmost tape cells within an ID up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on columns, and we assume that the row/ID corresponding to entering an accepting state is duplicated up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on rows.

Ask yourself, if you were given the definition of ''NTM'', and an input ''w'', how would you confirm that an arbitrary matrix of IDs, as described above, followed from the ''NTM'' definition and that ''NTM'' accepted ''w''.

Your procedure for analyzing a matrix would necessarily have to look at the following:

# Does the first row/ID of the matrix correspond to the initial ID, that is to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks?
# Does the last row/ID of the matrix indicate that the NTM state is an accepting state, and if so this indicates acceptance, and non-acceptance otherwise?
# For each pair of consecutive rows/IDs, does the second of the pair follow from the first given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;?

You could define this as an automated procedure for taking ''NTM'' and ''w'', and you could embed this in a loop to look at all possible matrices. If any one of those matrices indicated acceptance of the input, then your procedure would indicate that ''NTM'' accepted ''w'', and if all matrices corresponded to non-acceptance, then your procedure would reject ''w'' as a member of L(''NTM'').

Presumably you recognize the analog between determining whether one of many ''NTM'' paths accepts and determining whether one assignment of truth values satisfies a Boolean expression. So, lets convert the algorithm into a SAT problem, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, which you can think of a &quot;logic program&quot; for those who have used Prolog or another logic programming language.
[[File:Cook'sInitialConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions:''' A Boolean subexpression representing initial conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 1:'' To translate step 1 above into a Boolean subexpression, the first row/ID of the matrix corresponds to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks. Introduce Boolean variables corresponding to the following

* One Boolean condition is that the current state of ID 0 is the start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;.
* One Boolean condition is that the read/write head of ID 0 is at tape location 0.
* For each of the symbols in the input, w, from i = 0 to i = &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;—1, create a Boolean condition that the value of the ith tape cell in ID 0 is the ith symbol of ''w''.
* For each of the tape locations in ID 0 from &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; to the end (i.e., O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)) create a Boolean condition that the value of the cell location is the blank.

''Conjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions'''. Note that the cost of creating this subexpression is linear relative to the input size, &lt;math&gt;\mid w \mid&lt;/math&gt; = O(''n'').
[[File:Cook'sFinalConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions:''' Boolean subexpression representing the final conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 2'': To translate step 2 into a Boolean subexpression, that the last row/ID of the matrix indicates that the NTM state is an accepting state,

* For each accepting state in ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s definition, create a Boolean variable that reflects whether the current state of the last ID in row O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) is that accepting state.

''Disjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions'''. Note that this subexpression does not depend on a particular w, and the cost of creating this subexpression is therefore constant time relative to the input size, O(1).
[[File:Cook'sIntermediateConditions.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions:''' Each transition, such as that for &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) in red, may have more than one outcome in a nondeterministic TM; of the two possible outcomes in the figure, one is reflected in the matrix, in green, and one is not reflected, in purple.]]
''Step 3'': To translate step 3, that for each pair of consecutive rows/IDs,  the second of the pair should be immediately obtainable from the first of the pair given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. The subexpression that we write should specify conditions that must apply to each row/ID of the matrix (and its successor row/ID), except the last row, starting with row/ID 0.

The translation requires going through the transitions of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; functions and composing subexpressions for each. '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' illustrates the translation of one transition for (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a). For each possible outcome, say  (q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, b, R) for example, becomes a set of conjoined conditions,  (cs&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt;= q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; ∧ Loc&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt; = j+1 ∧ Z&lt;sub&gt;k+1,j&lt;/sub&gt; = b). This must be repeated for each possible outcome of (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) listed in the transitions' function, as well as for each entry &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(State, Input Symbol) pair listed in &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. In the blue, the Figure additionally shows that for all cells other than the one under the read/write head, the values will remain the same between ID k and ID k+1.

Given what we have said so far, we would then have a general Boolean expression, of which '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' only shows a small part, that stated conditions necessary to the validity between an ID k to ID k+1. Given a matrix we could then loop through the consecutive IDs and check them against this Boolean expression. But to fully reduce to SAT, we cannot use explicit looping, but must explicitely replicate the Boolean expression for each value of k, from ID 0 to the penultimate ID/row.

While the process of building the subexpression does not directly depend on a particular word, w, the number of terms we must write in the subexpression, call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt; depends on the size of ''w'', i.e., the size of the matrix, O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;).

Taking Steps 1-3 together, the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem can be written as

* E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; = E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt;

There are factors that have not been directly addressed here, notably

* that rows after entering an accepting state can simply repeat in order to fill up to O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows;
* that situations when the location of the R/W head is the leftmost location (i.e., so that there is no j-1 location) or rightmost cell (i.e., when there is no j+1 location);
* that there must be exactly one value (tape symbol) for each cell in the matrix, which precludes impossible states that could otherwise be considered by a SAT solver.

While important to the formal proof, these further details aren't needed to appreciate the genius of Cook's theorem, and for that matter the genius of conceiving of the concept of ''NP complete''ness generally. While the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem corresponding to an arbitrary ''NP'' problem is long and involved, it is so because it is general to an infinite number of NP problems. As we saw in relation to ILP and SAT, polynomial reductions between two specific problems are often much simpler.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating that SAT is ''NP complete'' is that if it is discovered that SAT has a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then all ''NP'' problems have a polynomial time solution, if by no other means than using SAT as a subroutine, and thus ''P'' = ''NP''.

===== Other NP Complete Problems =====
Knowing that SAT is NP complete, we can now show that other ''NP'' problems are ''NP complete'' by polynomial reducing SAT to these other problems. You’ll see that we are essentially reducing both ways. Cook’s theorem polynomial reduced from every ''NP'' problem to SAT, indicating that SAT was at least as hard as any other ''NP'' problem. This is illustrated in '''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT'''. And now, by polynomial reducing SAT is another ''NP'' problem, we are showing that the other problem is at least as hard as SAT. For example, we already showed that SAT polynomial reduces to ILP. With both directions of reduction demonstrated, we can say that the other problem (e.g., ILP) is comparable to SAT in complexity – it too is ''NP'' complete. In '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''', assume that ILP is L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in row (1) column (a), and the two-way arrow indicates that SAT polynomial reduces to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and vice versa. Since L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; has now been shown to be ''NP complete'', all ''NP'' problems reduce to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; as well, as shown in row (1) column (b).
[[File:AllNPsReducedSAT.png|left|thumb|'''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT:''' Cook's theorem shows that all ''NP'' problems polynomial reduced to SAT. Thus SAT is ''NP hard''; all ''NP'' problems can use a procedure for solving SAT as a subroutine. And because SAT is itself ''NP'', SAT is ''NP complete''.]]
One important point to emphasize is that the other problem, L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, can now be used in subsequent reductions to show that still other problems are ''NP complete'', since the demonstrations of equivalent complexity are transitive. Furthermore, as illustrated in row (2) of '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''' we can take another problem in ''NP'', say Lj, and by showing that L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; reduces to Lj we have shown that every ''NP'' problem reduces to Lj as well, and so Lj is NP complete.
[[File:ExtendingNPcomplete.png|thumb|'''Figure ExtendingNPComplete:''' An explanation for expanding the known NP complete problems, as illustrated in this figure, is given in the main text.]]
By now a large number of problems have been shown to be ''NP complete''. A question that you might be asking yourself is whether there is any problem in ''NP'' (and not known to be in ''P'') that is not ''NP complete''? Or not known to be ''NP complete''? See the exercises on these questions.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating a large class of ''NP'' ''complete'' problems that are equivalent in terms of complexity is that if any one of them turns out to have a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then they all have a deterministic polynomial time solution and ''P = NP''.

=== Space Complexity ===

=== Learnability Theory ===
Leslie Valiant,  Probably Approximately Correct: Nature's Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, pp. 76-81

== Properties of Recursively Enumerable (or Unrestricted) Languages ==
The RE languages are the broadest class of languages that we will address, and the class of RE languages includes all other language classes that we have considered -- recursive languages, CSLs, CFLs, DCFLs, and regular languages. The RE languages are equivalently defined by unrestricted (Type 0) grammars and by TMs that may not halt on their input in the case where that input is not a member of the language defined by the TM.

We will start with the closure properties of RE languages, then talk about the inherent undecidability of other decision questions of RE languages. Because membership in RE languages that are not also recursive is undecidable, and therefore are not implementable by algorithms, we don't include issues of algorithmic runtime or space efficiency in this section.

=== Closure Properties of RE languages ===
The RE (aka unrestricted) languages are closed under

* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

However, the RE languages are not closed under Complement.

==== The RE languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under union.

==== The RE languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under intersection.

==== The RE languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under concatenation.

==== The RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a RE language, then L* is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L* that the RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure.

==== The RE languages are closed under Substitution ====
If L is a RE language and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, in the alphabet of L there is an associated RE language, then Subst(L) is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by Subst(L) that the RE languages are closed under substitution.

==== The RE languages are ''not'' closed under Complement ====
If L is a RE language then its complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily RE. We can show this by example of an RE language with a complement that is definitely not RE. We have already given such an example earlier in the text. Its left as an exercise to find and understand the example.

=== Decision Properties of RE languages ===
We covered decidability and undecidability of selected computational problems, notably questions on the membership in recursively enumerable languages. The universal language, which we re-expressed as the halting problem (i.e., will the universal Turing machine always halt on its input) is undecidable (because M&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; may not halt when its argument TM does not accept its input).

In general, undecidability can signify one of two conditions. Membership in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;, for example, is undecidable in one sense, which is failure to say no and halt if a string is not in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;. More broadly though undecidability could mean failure to answer at all and halt 'yes' cases and/or 'no' cases. This second, broader notion of undecidability would relate to languages outside of RE, so we don't deal with it here. We restrict ourselves to undecidability in the former case -- the 'no' case -- as relates to the RE languages.

==== Rice's Theorem ====
A yes/no question of the RE languages is ''trivial'' if the correct answer is either 'yes' in all cases (i.e., its a property of all the RE languages) or its 'no' in the case of all RE languages. Otherwise, its a ''non-trivial'' question or property. For example, the question of whether a given RE language is a regular language is a non-trivial question/property of the RE languages, since some RE languages are regular and some are not.

Rice's Theorem says that every non-trivial question of the RE languages is undecidable.

Suppose we have a yes/no question Q about the RE languages. Then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of RE languages for which Q=yes. Continuing our earlier example, if Q is &quot;Is this language a regular language?&quot; then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of regular languages. In fact, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be viewed as a language of languages, where you'll recall that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be represented finitely by an automaton or grammar, and that each such finite representation can be expressed as a (binary) string. Because the questions Q vary widely, we'll always assume that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is a binary string representing a TM, regardless of whether it miight  be represented in some other fashion (e.g., as a FA). Its also common to refer to L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; as a property -- e.g., every member of L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; has the property of being a regular language.

To phrase things differently, a non-trivial property, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt;, of the RE

* is one for which { } &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt;, where L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all TMs (i.e., the RE languages);
* L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; = { }, where L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all always-halting TMs (i.e., the recursive languages);

•Regardless of non-trivial P, '''reduce L&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; (the Universal Language aka the Halting Problem, known undecidable) to L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;''', thus showing a contradiction with assumption that L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt; is decidable.

Rice’s Theorem implies an infinite number of undecidable properties for recursively enumerable languages, and it does it in one fell swoop. Rice’s Theorem tells us that for sufficiently expressive languages undecidability is the norm rather than the exception.

Of the problems implied by Rice’s Theorem to be undecidable, there are different kinds. Its undecidable whether a TM accepts the empty set, or a non-empty set. Given intuitions about complementation, we might think of these questions as essentially the same, but in fact when dealing with RE languages that are not recursive our intuitions regarding complement may be misleading. In the case of the question of whether an arbitrary TM accepts the empty language is not RE – its ''not'' a property that can be tested by any TM. Whereas, the question of whether a TM accepts a non-empty language is RE (but not recursive).

=== Expanding the Classes of Languages ===
Any characteristic defines a set of languages for which the characteristic is true of all members. Any question defines a set of languages for which the answer to the question is 'yes'.

== Exercises, Projects, and Discussions ==
'''RL Props Exercise 1:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', draw a visualization of the construction, choosing a way of visually representing the component DFAs in the construction, as well as the constructed NFA. Why do this exercise? Because many learners are visual learners, and undoubtedly all learners benefit from some visualization, be it mental imagery or manifest on 'paper'. An important skill for many or most in CS generally is an ability to visualize algorithms and data structures. This will undoubtedly continue to be a desirable skill even as AIs take over much of the software development burdon. As an aside, if you are interested in societal benefits of your efforts, consider and potentially act on the creation of educational materials in CS for the blind and hard of sight.

'''RL Props Exercise 2:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular expressions.

'''RL Props Exercise 3:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular grammars.

'''RL Props Exercise 4:''' Regular expressions were defined in terms of three operations -- concatenation, choice, and Kleene closure. Expand regular expressions based on closure properties for regular languages. The intent is not that you increase the representational power of REs, but that the expansion provides syntactic convenience and comprehensibility.

'''RL Props Exercise 5:''' Show that the regular languages are closed under reversal. That is, if L is a regular language then L&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; is a regular language.

'''CFL Exercise 1:''' Show that the CFLs are ''not'' closed under intersection.

'''Project 1:''' Investigate the properties of the class of inherently ambiguous CFLs.

'''Project 2:''' Investigate NP problems that are not ''NP complete'', or not known to be ''NP complete''. Are there any such problems?

'''Project 3:''' Investigate superpolynmial algorithms that are subexponential.

'''Project 4:''' Investigate Closure properties of P, NP, and NP complete problems

'''Exercise RecursiveSubstition1:''' Give a demonstration that if you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive.

'''Exercises (Closure Properties of RE languages)''' For each of the subsections above, demonstrate the truth value of the closure property as described.

== References ==</text>
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      <text bytes="89155" sha1="7wosub3mnig1mih3hnnux4usj87stho" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}[[File:Comprehensive_Language_Hierarchy.png|thumb|'''Figure LanguageHierarchy:''' The languages classes studied thus far, but with a few references on some of the topics to come, most notably algorithm complexity and more on undecidability.]]
A comprehensive picture of the hierarchy of language classes is shown in '''Figure LanguageHierarchy''', along with the briefest reference to concepts and factoids that have been covered. It is intended as a reference that can be reviewed quickly to good effect, possibly before an exam, or perhaps years later to confirm a fleeting memory.

== Kinds of Properties ==
A property of a ''given language'' is a statement or predicate that is true of the language. Suppose the language is the set of prime numbers. One property is that there is an algorithm for recognizing any input as a prime number or not. That is, the language of prime numbers is recursive. We've spent a lot of time on such properties -- that a language is in a class of languages, or that a particular language includes a particular string or not. We've covered other properties of specific languages too, perhaps only briefly, such as the property that a given language is ''inherently ambiguous'' or not.

A property of a ''language class'' is a statement or predicate that is true of all members of the class. We have not spent much time thus far on properties of language classes, other than definitional properties, which we discuss below.

=== Closure Properties ===
To preview one example, lets consider the class of CFLs. ∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L), where L is a language and P is a property. A property of the CFLs is that if L is a CFL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; is a CFL. This is an example of a ''closure property'' -- that the CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure, aka repetition. As another example of a closure property, again of the CFL class, ∀&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;,&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs ∧ L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs) → R(L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), where L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are languages and R is a property, such as union: if L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL; the CFLs are closed under union.
[[File:ClosurePropertiesSummary.png|left|thumb|'''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary:''' Closure properties of language classes. A check &lt;math&gt;\checkmark&lt;/math&gt;in a cell indicates that the language class in the corresponding column is closed under the operation of the corresponding row. No check in a cell indicates that the language class is not closed under the operation.]]
But if we say that a property does not hold for a language class, such as the CFLs, this means that the property is not true of all CFLs, or equivalently, there exists a CFL for which the property does not hold. That is, for CFLs,  ¬(∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; ¬(L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; ¬P(L)), where L is a language and P is a property. For example, if L is a CFL, then L's complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily a CFL; the CFLs are not closed under complement, or put another way, the class of CFLs does not possess the closed-under-complement property. Its important to recognize that this is a statement about a ''class'' of languages, the CFLs, not a statement about a particular language. Thus, its not inconsistent to say that the class of CFLs do not possess the closed-under-complement property, but that the complement of a particular CFL is also a CFL.

We have talked extensively about certain definitional properties of various language classes already -- the type of grammar that generates languages in the class, the kind of automata that recognize them, and other representations and patterns of languages in the class (e.g., as stated in the Pumping Lemma). These are all examples of definitional properties of selected language classes. A new focus in this chapter is closure properties (or not) of language classes. This text focuses on six closure properties, but there are many other closure properties that are addressed in other texts. A preview of our coverage is shown in '''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary'''.

=== Decision Properties ===
[[File:DecisionPropertiesSummary.png|alt=See caption|thumb|'''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary:''' Decision problems/questions that are decidable are indicated by a check under the applicable language classes. The decision questions are, from top to bottom, test of membership of a string in a language, whether the language is empty or not, whether the language is equivalent to the Kleene  closure of the language's alphabet, and where two languages of the class are equivalent. ]]
In addition to closure properties, we will also discuss selected ''decision properties'' in this chapter. A decision property corresponds to a yes/no question about a language class that is decidable in all cases. We have already covered in considerable detail, for example, membership decision properties. Every language class we have studied, except RE, has the decision property that a test of membership in a language of the class is an algorithm. A test of membership is decidable for regular languages, DCFLs, CFLs, CSLs, and ''recursive'' languages, and thus each of those classes has the test-of-membership decision property. The ''recursively enumerable'' languages generally, notably to include those languages that are not ''recursive'', do not have the test-of-membership decision property because the question of membership of an arbitrary ''recursively enumerable'' language is undecidable. We've spent so much time on this question already that we don't repeat the analysis in discussing each language class in this chapter, but we do include it in the summary of decision properties in '''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary'''.

Recall that a question is decidable if there exists a TM (or computer program) that given a requisite number of language specifications (e.g., as grammars or automata) as input, and correctly answers the question for which the TM was designed to answer. As yet another example of a decision property, in this case of the regular languages, recall we have already sketched an algorithm for answering whether two regular languages, as represented finitely through DFAs, NFAs, RegExps, or RGs, are the same language. So if we are given a RegExp that represents a language and an NFA that represents a language, then clearly the languages represented by each are regular, and we can translate each language specification into a DFA, minimize each of the resulting DFAs, and see if the two minimal state DFAs are identical, aside from state names. This process can be implemented as a TM or computer program that correctly answers whether its two input language specifications represent the same language or not. In my example I seemed to suggest that the inputs can be different in form -- one as an RegExp and one as a NFA -- but for purposes of implementation we could insist on both inputs as RegExps, or both as NFAs, or both as DFAs, or both as RGs; or we could use TMs as the way we represent all languages that are input to decision questions.

The ''class of regular languages has the property that the question of equivalence is decidable'' because we can test for equivalence by using a single correct TM for all (pairs of) regular languages that are inputs to the TM.

In contrast, if we say that a decision question is undecidable for a class of languages then that means that there does not exist a TM that correctly answers the question (and halts) for all languages in the class. For example, it is undecidable whether two CFLs, as represented finitely by CFGs or PDAs, or TMs, are the same language. But we want to be careful about language here. We've said earlier that a property of a class of languages is a statement that is true of all languages in the class. So rather than saying that &lt;s&gt;the ''class of CFLs has the property that the question of equivalence is undecidable''&lt;/s&gt;'','' which you might see in some sources, we'll say that ''the class of CFLs does not have the property of decidability on the question of equivalence''. This is consistent with the discussion on closure properties as well. It is still the case that particular pairs of CFL specifications can be shown to be equivalent using a TM created to answer the equivalence questions for CFLs, but no TM can be found that is always correct and always halts.

As with closure properties we will only reference a limited number of decision properties, though when we reach the RE languages we will describe Rice's theorem and its astounding conclusion that an infinite number of decision questions are undecidable in the case of the RE languages generally.

== Properties of Regular Languages ==
If we want to show that a language is regular it will be possible to construct an FA, regular expression, or regular grammar that demonstrably represents the language, perhaps verified by a proof by induction or contradiction. A construction argument, whether followed by an auxiliary proof or not, often represents a kind of gold standard of demonstration.

=== Closure Properties of Regular Languages ===
Closure properties can also be used to show a language, L, is regular (or in some other class of languages for that matter). We can do this by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to a language, X, known to be regular (e.g., by construction), until reaching the target language, L, thus demonstrating that X &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL. In addition, closure properties can be handy in showing that a language, L, is ''not'' regular, by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to L, until a language, X, is derived that is known through some other demonstration to ''not'' be regular. Thus, the original language, L, must not have been regular either (i.e., demonstrating X &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL).

The regular languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

It will be interesting to compare the closure properties of the regular languages with those closure properties of more inclusive languages – context free, context sensitive, and unrestricted.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Complement ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then the complement of L, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is regular.

Since L is regular, there is a DFA, M, that recognizes L. Construct the DFA for &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, call it &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, by simultaneously changing all accepting states in M to non-accepting states, and changing all non-accepting states in M to accepting states. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; accepts a string w then w must have taken a path to an accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was a non-accepting state in M, so w is not in L. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; did not accept a string w then w must have taken a path to a non-accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was an accepting state in M, so w is in L.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions, M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as follows.

* Create copies of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call the copies M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a start state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions from that start state to each of the start states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a single accepting state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition for each of the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to the accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
* Change the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to non-accepting states.

M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Intersection ====
[[File:DFAofIntersection.png|thumb|'''Figure DFAofIntersection:''' The language  {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3} is regular.&lt;/nowiki&gt;]]
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Suppose L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are regular languages over alphabet Σ. Then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is regular. This must be so since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = ~(~L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; ~L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and the regular languages are closed under complement and union. But we can also directly construct a DFA that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from the DFAs that must exist for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)) and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)), respectively. The following is adapted from (pp. 59-60, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft1979&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1979). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;; p. 137, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft2007&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Motwani, Rajeev, Ullman, Jeffrey D. (2007). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation 3rd Edition. Pearson Education, Inc/Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;).

M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; , [q&lt;sub&gt;1,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ], F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. For each pair of states from M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively, define a state in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; . For each of these pairs of states, on each symbol ''a'' in Σ, define a transition in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt;

                                                                          &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;([q&lt;sub&gt;1i,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; ], ''a'') = [&lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;1i&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a''), &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a'')]

As an example, consider {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3}. Its easy to build a DFA that accepts an even number of 0s, and its easy to build a DFA that accepts an integer multiple of 3 number of 0s. A DFA for their intersection is shown in '''Figure DFAofIntersection''', and thus the intersection of the two regular languages is thus regular.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

The concatenation of languages L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, written L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;}. That is, any word from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; followed immediately by any word of L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is a string in the language of the concatenation.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions by

* copying M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; , call them M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* connect M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' by adding an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;', and
* change every accepting state in M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to be a non-accepting state.

M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

As a matter of interest and subsequent utility, we can extend concatenation to a sequence of more than two languages, so that L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and ... and w&lt;sub&gt;mi&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;}.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then L* is a regular language.

We introduced Kleene closure in defining regular expressions, and also called it the repetition operator. The Kleene closure of a language L, L*, equals {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | for all m &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and each w&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}. That is, strings in L* are each a concatenation of an indefinite number of strings from L.

If L is a regular language then there is a DFA, M, that recognizes it. To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions that recognizes L*,

* copy M as M',
* add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state to M' to the existing start state of M',
* add a new start state to M' with an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition to the original start state of M', and
* make the new start state of M' an accepting state as well (so that the NFA accepts the empty string).

The resulting NFA accepts L* and so L* is a regular language.

==== '''Regular Languages are closed under Substitution''' ====
Substitution is the most complicated of the operations that we will consider. Suppose L is a language, regular or not, over alphabet Σ. Suppose further that for each symbol in Σ, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, we associate a language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. We will speak of the substitution operation, ''Subst'', as being applied to each symbol of Σ, to each string of L, and to L itself. Subst is an ''overloaded'' function, much as that term is applied in certain programming languages. If x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; is a symbol in Σ then Subst(x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;) is the strings in Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., simply Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; itself. If w = a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L, then Subst(w) = Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)...Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), that is Subst(w) is the concatenation of the languages (see above) associated with the various symbols in w. Finally, Subst(L) = {Subst(w) &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}, that is Subst(L) is the set of strings resulting from the substitution applied too all strings in L. Importantly, the alphabets for the various languages, L and the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s don't have too be the same. The alphabet for the language Subst(L) is the union of the alphabets of all the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; languages, and that alphabet may or may not share any symbols with the alphabet of L.

If L is the set of strings of 0s and 1s with at least two consecutive 0s, and L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} then Subst(0) = L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and Subst(1) = L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} . Subst(100) = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w in Subst(1)Subst(0)Subst(0)} = {&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ..., a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ...}. That is, Subst(100) is all possible ways of drawing a string from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba}, followed by two draws from L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;}.  Subst(L) is the set of strings over an alphabet of {a,b,&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;,&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;} where each b must followed immediately by an 'a' (why?), and there must be at least one consecutive pair of &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt; and/or &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt; (why?).

'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated regular language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a regular language.

If L and all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are regular languages then there are DFAs that recognize L and each of the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s. Call these DFAs M (for L) and Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; (for each Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions for Subst(L), do as follows.

* Make a copy of M called M'
* For each transition in M' from state q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt; on input symbol x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, splice in the DFA for Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, by
** make a copy of each Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, call it Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to the start state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;' to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt;.

The resulting NFA recognizes Subst(L) and thus Subst(L) is a regular language.

=== Decision Properties of Regular Languages ===
The decision properties of the regular languages include

* equivalence test of languages
* test for emptiness of a language
* test for all strings over an alphabet

==== Equivalence test of two regular languages is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are the same language.

We described the proof sketch above under Kinds_of_properties/Decision_properties and do not repeat that here.

==== Test of whether a regular language is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts the empty language -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is a '''''non-accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language use the same process as described earlier of translating the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is empty, else its not empty.

==== Test of whether a regular language is Σ* is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is Σ*.

Do very much as described immediately above with one small change. There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts Σ* -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is an '''''accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language translate the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is Σ*, else its not.

== Properties of Deterministic Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of DCFLs ===
'''The deterministic context free languages are not closed under union, concatenation, Kleene Closure, intersection, or substitution.''' Hopcroft and Ullman provide the following arguments.

&quot;Let L1 = {0i1i2j | i,j &gt;= 0} and L2 = {0i1j2j | i, j &gt;= 0} 

It is easy to show that L1,and L2 are DCFL's. However,L{ uL2istheCFLshownnottobeaDCFLinExample10.1.Thus 

the DCFL's are not closed under union.

For concatenation, let L3 = flL t u L2 . Then L3 is a DCFL, because the presence or absenceofsymbolatellsuswhethertolookforawordinLx orawordinL2. Surelya*isa DCFL. However a*L3 is not a DCFL. If it were, then L4 = a*L3 n a0*l*2* would be a DCFL by Theorem 10.4. But L4 = aLx u aL2 . If L4 is a DCFL, accepted by DPDA M, then we could recognize Lx u L2 by simulating M on (imaginary) input a and then on the real input. As Li u L2 is not a DCFL, neither is L4, and therefore the DCFL's are not closed under concatenation.

Theproofforclosureissimilar,ifweletL5={a}uL3. L5isaDCFL,butL?isnot,by a proof similar to the above.

For homomorphism, let L6 = aLx u bL2i which is a DCFL. Let L be the homomor- phismthatmapsbtoaandmapsothersymbolstothemselves.Thenh(L6)=L4, sothe DCFL's are not closed under homomorphism.

Hopcroft and Ullman, pp. 265-266.

==== The DCFLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a DCFL, then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a DCFL, because from a DPDA for L we can construct a DPDA for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; by  swapping accepting and non-accepting states. 

=== Decision Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, on the equivalence of a DCFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two DCFLs.

==== Test of whether a DCFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a DCFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

The proof follows from the fact that decidability of the emptiness test is true of the class of CFLs. See that proof sketch for the wider class of CFLs.

== Properties of Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CFLs ===
The CFLs are closed under

* Union
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

In contrast to the regular languages, the CFLs are not closed under complementation and the CFLs are not closed under intersection.

==== CFLs are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). To construct a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a new start symbol, S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two associated productions, one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). Assume the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and that the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; with a single production to S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFLs, then L* is a CFL.

We've previously used the Kleene closure or repetition operator only in reference to regular languages, but the operation applies to languages of any class. L* is the set of strings w that are composed of 0 or more concatenated substrings, w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, where each w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates L, with a start symbol that we'll call S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L*, create a new start symbol, call it S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions, one to &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; and one to S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;. (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L*, so L* is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Substitution ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated CFL Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a CFL.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG that generates L, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. If all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are CFLs then there are CFGs that generate each, call them G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To create a CFG that generates Subst(L), G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt;, replace every instance of an alphabet/terminal symbol in the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; with the start symbol for the grammar of the language corresponding to that symbol, and make the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; be the union of all the revised productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; and all the productions of all the G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt;'s. G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates Subst(L), so Subst(L) is a CFL.

==== CFLs are ''not'' closed under complementation ====
Intuitively, you might think that given a PDA for a language, we can just invert the accepting and non-accepting states as we did with FAs, but the added complexity of the stack makes this insufficient for showing the CFLs are closed under complement.

To say that a language class is not closed under an operation, is to say that ''there exists'' at least one language (for a unary operation such as complementation) or at least two languages for a binary operation such as intersection, that don't result in a language of the specified class. So, finding such a counterexample is sufficient for showing the CFLs are not closed under complementation, for example. But finding such a counterexample can be nontrivial. How do we show that the complement of a particular CFL is not a CFL? We would have to show that there is no CFG or PDA for it.

Consider the language L = {a&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;j&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;k&lt;/sup&gt; | i,j,k &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j or j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k}. '''CFG Exercise 2''' in chapter &quot;Context Free (Type 2) Grammars and Languages&quot; asked you to give a CFG for this language, thus demonstrating that it is a CFL. The complement of L is {a&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; | n &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0}, that is  ¬ (i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k) ≡ (i = j  &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; j = k) which is not a CFL because there is no CFG that can generate &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;. We don't prove this formally, but intuitively a memory of n would have to exist across two boundaries, both between 'a's and 'b's, as well as 'b's and 'c's, which cannot be done simultaneously with a CFG (or a PDA).

=== Decision Properties of CFLs ===
The context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, but NOT on the equivalence of a CFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two CFLs.

==== Test of whether a CFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

If L is a CFL, then there is a CFG that generates L. In fact, it can  be shown that there is a CFG generating L that has no unreachable symbols (i.e., all variables and terminals can be generated as part of sentential forms from the start symbol of the CFG), and there are no useless symbols (i.e., substrings of terminals  can be generated by all variables). Do a breadth-first enumeration of sentential forms from such a grammar, and if after an &quot;adequate&quot; number of generations a string is not found, then L is empty, else its not empty. If a variable is repeated along a path along a sentential form, E, with the first instance of the variable, to a sentential form, F, with the second instance of the same variable, then the path can be pruned at E, because there are other paths that include E but without the repeated variable in a later sentential form. If no paths exist without repeated variables, then the language is empty. 

== Properties of Context Sensitive Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CSLs ===
The CSLs are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

==== The CSLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a CSL then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. If L is. a CSL then there is a linear bounded TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L, and that halts on all inputs. A linear bounded TM for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; can be created that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine and that accepts if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; rejects, and that rejects if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; accepts.

==== The CSLs are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL. If L1 and L2 are CSLs then there are CSGs, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To construct a CSG to generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; copy all the productions G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; with variables renamed as necessary so as to not confuse variables from different grammars, and create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; for the new grammar, G&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. This new grammar is a CSG since the new productions are all noncontracting, and it generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a CSL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. We can say instead that L&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; = L* - &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; is a CSL if it is important to exclude &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Substitution ====
The CSLs are closed under substitution. The proof sketch is much like the argument for CFLs. The closure under substitution, however, depends on the fact that a CSL, strictly speaking, does not include the empty string, &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;. We will elaborate on the significance of this when discussing substitution for recursive languages.

=== Decision Properties of CSLs ===

== Properties of Recursive Languages ==
As I have already noted under section &quot;Turing Machines and Language Classes/Recursive languages&quot;, the definitional characteristic of the class of recursive languages is that there is a TM that recognizes the language and that is ''guaranteed to halt in both accept and reject cases''. Because of this gaurantee, recognition of a recursive language is said to be ''decidable''. We also say that the recursive languages are recognized by an algorithm. Unlike all the other language classes discussed so far, there is no class of grammar that precisely delimits the recursive languages, though of course there are grammars that  generate a subset of the recursive languages, notably CSLs.

=== Closure Properties of Recursive Languages ===
The recursive languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure

However, the recursive languages are not closed under substitution.

Since there is no equivalent class of grammars for the recursive languages, all our arguments about closure (or not) of recursive languages will be based on TMs.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Complement ====
If L is a recursive language, then there is a TM, call it M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L and that is guaranteed to halt for all accept cases and in all reject cases. Create a new TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;', that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns accept for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns reject. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns reject for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns accept. M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' accepts the complement of L, and always halts, so the complement of L is recursive.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. From M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; we construct an always halting TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Since TMs and computers are equivalent in terms of what can be computed, we represent M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; in programming language pseudocode with the understanding that this can be translated to a TM.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Union (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept OR M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

Each of the component TMs for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are being used as subroutines. The construction for  M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;'s behavior covers all conditions and is gauranteed to halt.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Intersection (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept AND M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. At a high level,

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Concatenation (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the |w|+1 ways to partition w into xy

           IF M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(x) == accept and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(y) == accept THEN RETURN accept

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a recursive language then L* is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; be the TM recognizing L and that is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Repetition (M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the 2&lt;sup&gt;|w|-1&lt;/sup&gt; ways to partition w into x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;,

             IF  M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;) == accept for all x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; in x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; THEN RETURN accept   // can implement as a loop

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive Languages are ''not'' closed under Substitution ====
If you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive. Why should the recursive languages be  different from the other language classes that are subsets of the recursive languages -- CSLs, CFLs, regular languages? Whereas these distinguished subsets cannot include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; (i.e., their grammars cannot include productions of the form &lt;math&gt;\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;), a arbitrary recursive language can include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, and the possibility of 'erasing' symbols from strings are what introduces the possibility of a substitution yielding  a language that is outside the recursive class. 

Consider a proof sketch that the recursive languages are not closed under substitution from Ullman. That is, if L ⊆ Σ* is a recursive language, and for each symbol ''a'' ∈Σ, subst(a) = L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then subst(L) is not necessarily a recursive language.   

“To see why, consider the particular language ''L'' consisting of strings of the form '''(''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;)''', where ''M'' is a coded Turing machine with binary input alphabet, ''w'' is a binary string, and '''c''' is a symbol not appearing elsewhere. The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most i moves.  Clearly ''L'' is recursive; we may simulate ''M'' on ''w'' for ''i'' moves and then decide whether or not to accept. However, if we apply to ''L'' the homomorphism&quot; (i.e., a restricted type of substitution), &quot;that maps the symbols other than ''c'' to themselves, and maps ''c'' to ε, we find that ''h(L)''&quot; (i.e., subst(L)), &quot;is the universal language, which we called ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;''. We know that ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;'' is not recursive. “ Ullman (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/ialcsols/sol9.html, Exercise 9.2.6(e))

Homomorphism, a special case of substitution, is when each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;, for 'a' in Σ, is a singleton set – that is, each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; contains a single string, including possibly the empty string. So, for example if L is defined over Σ = {c, d, e}, and subst(c) = {01}, subst(d) = {rq23t}, and subst(e) = {𝜀}, then if w = ‘ceed’ then subst(w) = {01rq23t}.

Ullman's construction illustrates a very general way of dealing with languages/problems that are not recursive and therefore may not halt without an additional constraint. To make a recursive language from the original --  that is, to guarantee halting -- put a definite upper-bound on the number of steps that the procedure can run, and if one hits that upper-bound before a string is accepted by the procedure, M, then halt  (and say 'no', or perhaps 'do not know'). That is, suppose that M is a procedure, which is equivalent to a Turing machine, and we can execute M one step at a time by appropriately instrumenting M. Then a procedure, M' , can be expressed this way:

&lt;M', wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Bounded-M (M, w, n) {

i = n 

DO {

* Execute next step of M

* Decrement i by 1

} UNTIL (i = 0 OR M accepted) 

IF M accepted THEN RETURN(yes) ELSE RETURN(no)

}

In Ullman's contradicting case of closure under substitution -- (''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) or (''M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) --'' where 'n' now is the upperbound (because we are using 'i' as the counter) ''--''  subst((M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;)) = (''M'',''w''), which as Ullman notes is the universal language, and which is known to be undecidable, that is, not recursive.

This may seem a bit mind-bending, and it does leave some of us with hesitation, as expressed by some users on reddit who wanted, to their credit, a deeper understanding. Shouldn't the result of the substitution above be interpreted as &quot;The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most ZERO moves&quot;, since all the 'c' characters have all been erased?

To better understand the solution, its easier to use the pseudo-code formulation above, which I've carefully constructed, where &quot;no 'c' characters&quot;  corresponds to the case where n=0 in the pseudocode. In that case entering the DO loop for the first time will cause i to be decremented to -1 and the DO loop can never, thereafter,  be exited because of the 'i=0' case; the only way to exit the loop is if M accepts, and if M never accepts then M' doesn't halt. M' can take any M and w as arguments -- M' is equivalent to a bounded universal TM,  but in the case where n is initially 0, it is equivalent the universal TM. 

Again, the recursive languages are not closed under general substitution because of the possibility of erasure caused by the substitution with the possibility of 𝜀. However, '''''the recursive languages are closed under 𝜀-free substitutions''''', where 𝜀 in a substituting language is disallowed. In some sources you may see that the CSLs are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions as well, because of the possibility of 𝜀 in a CSL, or not, is left as a technicality that is glossed over; strictly speaking, however, 𝜀, cannot be in a CSL, because a CSG is is a normal form of a non-contracting grammar, so by the strict assumptions that L is a CSL, there can be no production to 𝜀 and therefore the '''''𝜀-'''''free qualifier is not needed. A demonstration that the recursive languages are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions can include the same kind of argument for testing differentt segmentations of strings that we made for closure under concatenation and Kleene closure. 

=== Decision Properties of Recursive languages ===

=== Runtime Complexity ===
Many students who are taking a class on formal languages, automata, and computation will have already studied algorithm efficiency, perhaps in the form of big-O notation. Runtime efficiency is typically regarded as a characteristic of recursive languages (i.e, membership algorithms defined by always-halting TMs or computer programs), which is why we address efficiency in this chapter on properties of the recursive languages. It would make less sense to talk about efficiency in the case of undecidable problems, but a project asks you to investigate the relevance of efficiency and undecidable problems.

Big-O notation is used to indicate an upper bound on runtime cost, or space requirements or some other resource, but we will focus on time initially. Precisely, if ''n'' is a measure of the size of the input to a procedure, and I say that the procedure is O(''f(n)''), then that means that for big enough values of ''n'', the procedure’s actual runtime ''g(n)'' ≤ c*''f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t''. ''t'' is the value that tells us what value of ''n'' is “big enough”. In English, this tells us that the actual runtime of a procedure, g(n), never exceeds some constant c times f(n) for big enough n.

Where do the values of constants ''c'' and ''t'' come from? For practical purposes they could come from experiments with a procedure on different size ''n'', or from analysis, but for theoretical purposes (at least to many theoreticians much of the time) we don’t care. Its enough to know that these constants exist, and that they depend on the algorithm’s implementation details (i.e., what is the language of implementation, the hardware the procedure is run on, etc), and this is precisely why we don’t care about their particular values from a theoretical standpoint. And so we typically don’t fret about the constants and simply say the procedure is O(''f(n)''), where ''f(n)'' is typically a member of some general and simply-stated class of functions, like n&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; or 1 (constant), log ''n'' (logarithmic), ''n'' (linear), ''n'' log ''n'', ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' (quadratic), ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'',  2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt; (exponential), and ''n!'' (combinatoric). I have listed these simply-stated function classes in order of increasing complexity or growth rate. That is, ''n'' log ''n'' will always be less than ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' for sufficiently sized ''n'', for example.

If I say that an algorithm runs in O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') time, then that means the actual run time, ''g(n)'', of the procedure will be bounded above for big enough n: ''g(n)'' ≤ ''c*n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'', for ''n'' ≥ ''t.'' Notice that if a algorithm is O(''n''), for example, then it is also O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') and … and O(''n!''). Convince yourself that this is true given the formal definition of big-O notation. The problem, however, with saying that an algorithm’s runtime is O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) when it is also O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) is that the former is misleading because ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'' is not as &quot;tight&quot; an upper bound as is possible. This concern with tightly characterizing the run time complexity of an algorithm is one reason that we also like to characterize algorithms by lower bounds. Ω(''f(n)'') means that for big enough values of ''n,'' the algorithm’s actual runtime ''g(n) ≥ c*f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t.'' The constants for a big-Omega characterization of an algorithm may be different than the constants for a big-O characterization of the same algorithm, but again, we don’t typically care about the constants. If an algorithm can be characterized by both O(''f(n)'') and Ω(''f(n)'') (i.e., upper and lower bounds for the same ''f(n)'') then we consider ''f(n)'' as a tight characterization of the algorithm’s runtime, and we signify this with big-Theta notation Θ(''f(n)'') means ''c&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n) ≥ g(n) ≥ c&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n)'' for ''n ≥ t'' (''t = max(t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)'').

It would be easy to dive still deeper into complexity theory, but under the assumption that you have or will look at this more deeply in an advanced course on algorithm analysis, I’ll sum up with three miscellaneous points. First, its common to say that if an algorithm is characterized by O(''f(n)'') behavior (or Omega or Theta), then the actual runtime, ''g(n) = O(f(n))''. This may seem like an odd use of the equality symbol and it is indeed an odd convention (if I had my druthers I might have overloaded the membership symbol instead, so g(n) ∈ O(f(n))). Second, when using any of the notations it is appropriate to say “in the worst case” or “the best case” or the “average case”, though you might think that big-O naturally corresponds to the worst case, big-Omega to the best, and big-Theta to the average, and you wouldn’t be wrong in some sense. But imagine cases, in say AI, where there is a partial ordering on run times, and in one subset of instances performance ranges from best to worst for that subset, while a different subset has a different values for best, average, and worst. In any case, you’ll hear and read that worst case for insertion sort is O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and best case is O(''n''), as but one example where O-notation serves double duty.

Thirdly, in theory settings, particularly in introductory texts like this one, worst case performance is taken to be of most importance – just how bad can this algorithm be!?! Worst case performance that is greater than polynomial (i.e., with growth rate greater than n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt; for any positive value of p), notably O(2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) and O(''n!''), will determine whether a problem is &quot;intractable&quot;.

In short, using big-O (or big-Omega or big-Theta) there is a hierarchy of language (problem) classes: O(1) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'' log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n!''). There are many other language classes defined in terms of runtime of course.

==== Intractability ====
A dictionary definition of an &quot;intractable problem&quot; is one that is extremely hard or impossible to solve. Problems that are in RE but not recursive are undecidable, and are intractable in a strong sense. Problems that don’t have solutions that are representable by Turing machines at all (i.e., non-RE) are intractable in the strongest sense.

But what we will usually mean by intractability are problems for which the only known solution procedures are greater than polynomial in time and/or space as a function of input size (e.g., exponential, combinatorial).

==== ''P'' and ''NP'' ====
''P'' and ''NP'' are two broad classes of languages (problems). Any deterministic algorithm that runs in O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) time, where p is any real number constant, belongs to class ''P''(olynomial). Remember that O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) will include other, smaller growth rate functions, like ''n'' log ''n'', as well. An example of a problem in ''P'' is finding the ''minimum weight spanning tree'' (MWST) of a weighted graph. ''Kruskal’s algorithm'' is a polynomial time algorithm that finds the MWST.

Any algorithm that cannot be characterized by polynomial deterministic runtime is not in ''P''.
[[File:NPprocedure.png|thumb|'''Figure NPprocedure:'''  A non-deterministic polynomial algorithm is one that pursues multiple paths (of instantaneous descriptions) “simultaneously” towards a solution (brute-force, breadth-first), where each path length is a polynomial function of input size.]]
''NP'', standing for ''Nondeterministic Polynomial'', is the class of algorithms, which when run on a nondeterministic TM that is capable of simulating all possible solution paths in parallel, will run in time that is polynomial as a function of the input size. Of course, a NTM cannot simulate all paths in parallel, so a more practical expression of the ''NP'' class are algorithms where solution paths are a polynomial function of their input in length. ''NP'' problems have a hard to solve, &quot;easy&quot; to validate character. Finding a solution may require exploring a large number of paths, perhaps O(''2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;'') or O(''n!'') paths, but each path is polynomial in length, and thus a given solution can be validated in polynomial time, as illustrated in '''Figure NPprocedure'''.

An  example  of an ''NP'' problem is the Traveling Sales Problem (TSP) with a weighted graph. That is, expressed as a language, the TSP asks whether there is a cycle of all nodes in a weighted graph with a total weight that is a specified maximum or less. If so, the encoded graph is a member of the language of graphs for which there is an acceptable tour, otherwise it is not. It is standard that a satisfying tour accompany a 'yes' answer. There are at least O(n!) number of paths (hard to find) of length ''n'', where n is the number of vertices, so each solution is O(''n'') in length (easy to validate).

Every problem in ''P'' is also in ''NP'', so ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subseteq&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. What is strongly suspected, but not yet proved is that ''P'' is a proper subset of ''NP'',  ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subset
&lt;/math&gt; ''NP.'' Despite suspicions to the contrary, you will hear that demonstrating that ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP'' (or P &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; NP) is one of the biggest open problems in computational theory. In light of all this, we will call a problem intractable if it is in ''NP'', and not known to be in ''P''.

==== The Satisfiability Problem is NP ====
The TSP is one example of an ''NP'' problem that is not known to be in ''P''. A second, and especially important example of an ''NP'' problem, which is not known to be in ''P'', is satisfiability, or SAT for short.

The SAT problem is

* Given: a Boolean expression over ''n'' variables, say in conjunctive normal form
* Find: an assignment of truth values to all ''n'' variables such that the entire expression is true.

For example, say we are given  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).

Since there are 4 variables, x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; through x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, this is called a 4-SAT problem. There are 2&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; combinations of assignments to the four variables. An assignment that renders the entire expression true is x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = false, x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = false: (¬false ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ ¬true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ false) = (true ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ false ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false). Since there is at least one assignment that renders the entire expression true, the expression is ''satisfiable''. If all assignments led to a true expression, then the expression would be a ''tautology'', but that need not be the case for the expression  to be satisfiable.
[[File:SATisNP.png|left|thumb|'''Figure SATisNP:''' In the worst case the algorithm at top may need to iterate through the FOR loop 2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; times.]]
Consider this 2-SAT problem: (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;). There are 2&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; assignments. Confirm that none of the four assignments result in the entire expression being true. This expression in ''unsatisfiable'' (aka the expression is a ''contradiction'').
[[File:SAThillclimbing.png|thumb|'''Figure SAThillclimbing:''' Max_restarts and Max_tweeks are set by the user. &quot;Tweeks&quot; are small changes to truth assignment, such as flipping the truth value of one variable (e.g., flip the value of x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; from true to false). When this algorithm answers 'no' it will only be correct  with some probability since the procedure will typically stop short of examining all possible assignments. Nonetheless, enough assignments will have been examined  typically to insure high probability of correctness in the 'no' case (and certainty of correctness in the 'yes' case).]]
SAT is ''NP'' because there are an exponential number of possible solutions, 2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;, for ''n'' variables, but each solution is size ''n.'' In the worst case, an algorithm like that shown in '''Figure SATisNP''', might have to examine all the assignments, but in point of fact, it's not generally that bad. Even problems for which a solution is nondeterministic polynomial, and there is no known polynomial time solution, its very often the case that answers can be found quickly. The SATisfiability problem is ''NP'', but a very simple procedure that works well in practice is hill-climbing in search of a value assignment that makes an entire Boolean expression true. In this approach, a solution is guessed randomly, checked for satisfaction of the expression, and revised or simply guessed again. Details of a procedure are shown in '''Figure SAThillclimbing'''. Hill climbing, btw, is a popular greedy search procedure that is used in many experimentally-oriented fields, like AI, which are often fast and yield satisfactory results. In general, hill-climbing is one of many ways of effectively dealing with intractability in practice.

==== Deterministic Polynomial Time Reductions ====
We have previously studied reductions of a language/problem Q to a language/problem R. Recall that if we say Q reduces to R then if we have a solution for R we can use it to create a solution for Q; R is at least as hard as Q (else a solution for R would not assure a solution for Q). As one implication of this hardness observation, to show that R has a certain hardness characteristic (i.e., undecidability, intractability), or something “worse”, then show a correct reduction from a procedure that we know has that hardness characteristic to R. Previously, this hardness characteristic was undecidability. Now, it can be intractability too.

We know that SATisfiability is in ''NP'' (with no known solution in ''P'') – we constructed an algorithm for it that was clearly ''NP'' in '''Figure SATisNP'''. We can reduce SAT to another problem, say ''solving simultaneous integer linear inequalities'', thereby showing that this latter problem is &quot;at least&quot; ''NP''.  Consider the earlier SAT problem:  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). This is easily translated to an integer linear program (ILP) by replacing each Boolean variable x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with an integer variable t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and replacing each negated variable ¬x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with (1 - t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). That's the reduction! So, the example SAT problem becomes the ILP:

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

A solution to this ILP is

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

which can be mapped to a solution to the SAT problem, again through an easy substitution: x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = false iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 0, and x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = true iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 1. Confirm the correctness of this substitution to the SAT problem. The significance of all this is, again, that an algorithm for solving the ILP can be adapted to solving SAT. Moreover, the adaptation of the solution is easy in this case -- its O(''n''), where ''n'' is the number of source variables t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and also number of target variables x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. So, if we should ever find an efficient, deterministic polynomial time algorithm, O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;), for solving ILPs, we will have a polyomial time algorithm for solving SAT, since O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) + O(''n'') = O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)!

In general, to the idea of reduction, we add a constraint that in cases where we care about algorithm complexity, the reduction must be polynomial in time using a deterministic algorithm, so that if efficient polynomial time algorithms are found for what are currently regarded as intractable problems, the cost of adapting the more efficient solutions to still other problems does not push the adaptation back into intractable territory.

In the case of SAT and ILP, we have a deterministic polynomial time (i.e., O(n)) reduction from SAT to ILP. Confirm that we can also construct a deterministic polynomial time reduction from ILP to SAT (also of deterministic O(n) time). So these problems are of comparable complexity. This need not always be the case, and in general the reduction in one direction may be more costly than the other direction, but still O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) for it to be a deterministic polynomial time reduction.

==== NP Completeness ====
A problem Q is ''NP hard'' if every problem in ''NP'' deterministically polynomial reduces to Q (i.e., Q is at least as hard as every NP problem). Moreover, if (1) Q is also in the class ''NP'', and (2) every problem in ''NP'' deterministic polynomial reduces to Q,  then Q is said to be ''NP complete''. Note that there are two conditions, as just stated, that have to be satisfied for a problem to be ''NP complete''.

So that this is concrete, let’s say that Q is SAT. If we can show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT, then that says that a solution to SAT can be adapted to solve every other ''NP'' problem as well. And moreover, because the reductions from all ''NP'' problems to SAT will be polynomial time reductions, then if an efficient deterministic polynomial time solution is ever found for SAT (i.e., if SAT &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; P), then every problem in ''NP'' can be solved in deterministic polynomial time, and ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. That's significant!

But how do we show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT in polynomial time? There are an infinite number of problems/languages in ''NP'' !

We know that every problem in ''NP'' is solved by a non-deterministic Turing Machine that always halts, and we can express a &quot;generic&quot; NDTM for any ''NP'' problem in terms of SAT. This is one insight of Cook's Theorem.

===== Cook's Theorem =====
''Cook’s Theorem'' says that every problem in ''NP'' (i.e., a question of membership of an input ''w'' in the language of any non-deterministic Turing Machine, ''NTM'', assured of halting) can be deterministically polynomial-time reduced to SAT (i.e., a question of whether a Boolean expression is satisfiable).

How can we reduce ''&lt;NTM, w&gt;'' to a Boolean expression, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, where E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; is judged satisfiable iff ''NTM'' accepts ''w''?

Any ''NP'' problem, by the definition of ''NP'', has paths of configurations or instantaneous  descriptions (i.e., solution or nonsolution paths) that are each O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) in length (i.e., a (non)solution is polynomial in the size of the input, ''n'' -- remember that this is why ''NP'' solutions are 'easy' to validate). Because each transition of NTM can move its read/write head at most cell on its tape, and can only write at most one symbol of its tape, the longest that a single instantaneous description (ID) can become is also O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) since there is a maximum of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) moves along any path of IDs by ''NTM''. Cook therefore posited a matrix of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows, each an ID, and O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) columns, each corresponding to a tape cell in an ID. Thus, each cell of the matrix is an (ID, Tape Cell) pair. Moving down the rows correspond to making moves along a path of IDs, and making a change in a tape cell is the change to that cell in moving from one ID to the next. Without loss of generality, we assume that ''NTM''  uses a one-way infinite tape.
[[File:Cook'sThmMatrixOverview.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix:''' A O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix that is a schema for all possible trajectories of a nonderministic TM that represents an NP language, on an input of length ''n''.]]
The size of this matrix is O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) = O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) as shown in '''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix'''.

Importantly, this matrix is strictly a theoretical construct, important because it puts bounds on the size of the problem to be reduced. The matrix does not represent an actual run of ''NTM'' along any one path -- it couldn't because if running ''NTM'' were part of the reduction, then the reduction would not necessaily be deterministic polynomial time! Rather, the matrix is a schema that represents the totality of the set of possible paths that can be pursued by ''NTM'' on ''w'', just as the reduction to E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; will imply the set of of possible n-tuple truth value assignments to the ''n'' variables of the E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;. Also, recognize that the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix is an upperbound on the dimensions of a possible path followed by ''NTM''. Some problems will require fewer rows/IDs than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) and/or fewer tape cells in an ID than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;). But for convenience of demonstration, we think of the upperbounds as the actual dimensions, and we assume that every row is filled with blanks of unused rightmost tape cells within an ID up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on columns, and we assume that the row/ID corresponding to entering an accepting state is duplicated up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on rows.

Ask yourself, if you were given the definition of ''NTM'', and an input ''w'', how would you confirm that an arbitrary matrix of IDs, as described above, followed from the ''NTM'' definition and that ''NTM'' accepted ''w''.

Your procedure for analyzing a matrix would necessarily have to look at the following:

# Does the first row/ID of the matrix correspond to the initial ID, that is to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks?
# Does the last row/ID of the matrix indicate that the NTM state is an accepting state, and if so this indicates acceptance, and non-acceptance otherwise?
# For each pair of consecutive rows/IDs, does the second of the pair follow from the first given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;?

You could define this as an automated procedure for taking ''NTM'' and ''w'', and you could embed this in a loop to look at all possible matrices. If any one of those matrices indicated acceptance of the input, then your procedure would indicate that ''NTM'' accepted ''w'', and if all matrices corresponded to non-acceptance, then your procedure would reject ''w'' as a member of L(''NTM'').

Presumably you recognize the analog between determining whether one of many ''NTM'' paths accepts and determining whether one assignment of truth values satisfies a Boolean expression. So, lets convert the algorithm into a SAT problem, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, which you can think of a &quot;logic program&quot; for those who have used Prolog or another logic programming language.
[[File:Cook'sInitialConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions:''' A Boolean subexpression representing initial conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 1:'' To translate step 1 above into a Boolean subexpression, the first row/ID of the matrix corresponds to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks. Introduce Boolean variables corresponding to the following

* One Boolean condition is that the current state of ID 0 is the start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;.
* One Boolean condition is that the read/write head of ID 0 is at tape location 0.
* For each of the symbols in the input, w, from i = 0 to i = &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;—1, create a Boolean condition that the value of the ith tape cell in ID 0 is the ith symbol of ''w''.
* For each of the tape locations in ID 0 from &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; to the end (i.e., O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)) create a Boolean condition that the value of the cell location is the blank.

''Conjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions'''. Note that the cost of creating this subexpression is linear relative to the input size, &lt;math&gt;\mid w \mid&lt;/math&gt; = O(''n'').
[[File:Cook'sFinalConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions:''' Boolean subexpression representing the final conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 2'': To translate step 2 into a Boolean subexpression, that the last row/ID of the matrix indicates that the NTM state is an accepting state,

* For each accepting state in ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s definition, create a Boolean variable that reflects whether the current state of the last ID in row O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) is that accepting state.

''Disjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions'''. Note that this subexpression does not depend on a particular w, and the cost of creating this subexpression is therefore constant time relative to the input size, O(1).
[[File:Cook'sIntermediateConditions.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions:''' Each transition, such as that for &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) in red, may have more than one outcome in a nondeterministic TM; of the two possible outcomes in the figure, one is reflected in the matrix, in green, and one is not reflected, in purple.]]
''Step 3'': To translate step 3, that for each pair of consecutive rows/IDs,  the second of the pair should be immediately obtainable from the first of the pair given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. The subexpression that we write should specify conditions that must apply to each row/ID of the matrix (and its successor row/ID), except the last row, starting with row/ID 0.

The translation requires going through the transitions of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; functions and composing subexpressions for each. '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' illustrates the translation of one transition for (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a). For each possible outcome, say  (q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, b, R) for example, becomes a set of conjoined conditions,  (cs&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt;= q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; ∧ Loc&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt; = j+1 ∧ Z&lt;sub&gt;k+1,j&lt;/sub&gt; = b). This must be repeated for each possible outcome of (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) listed in the transitions' function, as well as for each entry &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(State, Input Symbol) pair listed in &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. In the blue, the Figure additionally shows that for all cells other than the one under the read/write head, the values will remain the same between ID k and ID k+1.

Given what we have said so far, we would then have a general Boolean expression, of which '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' only shows a small part, that stated conditions necessary to the validity between an ID k to ID k+1. Given a matrix we could then loop through the consecutive IDs and check them against this Boolean expression. But to fully reduce to SAT, we cannot use explicit looping, but must explicitely replicate the Boolean expression for each value of k, from ID 0 to the penultimate ID/row.

While the process of building the subexpression does not directly depend on a particular word, w, the number of terms we must write in the subexpression, call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt; depends on the size of ''w'', i.e., the size of the matrix, O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;).

Taking Steps 1-3 together, the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem can be written as

* E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; = E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt;

There are factors that have not been directly addressed here, notably

* that rows after entering an accepting state can simply repeat in order to fill up to O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows;
* that situations when the location of the R/W head is the leftmost location (i.e., so that there is no j-1 location) or rightmost cell (i.e., when there is no j+1 location);
* that there must be exactly one value (tape symbol) for each cell in the matrix, which precludes impossible states that could otherwise be considered by a SAT solver.

While important to the formal proof, these further details aren't needed to appreciate the genius of Cook's theorem, and for that matter the genius of conceiving of the concept of ''NP complete''ness generally. While the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem corresponding to an arbitrary ''NP'' problem is long and involved, it is so because it is general to an infinite number of NP problems. As we saw in relation to ILP and SAT, polynomial reductions between two specific problems are often much simpler.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating that SAT is ''NP complete'' is that if it is discovered that SAT has a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then all ''NP'' problems have a polynomial time solution, if by no other means than using SAT as a subroutine, and thus ''P'' = ''NP''.

===== Other NP Complete Problems =====
Knowing that SAT is NP complete, we can now show that other ''NP'' problems are ''NP complete'' by polynomial reducing SAT to these other problems. You’ll see that we are essentially reducing both ways. Cook’s theorem polynomial reduced from every ''NP'' problem to SAT, indicating that SAT was at least as hard as any other ''NP'' problem. This is illustrated in '''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT'''. And now, by polynomial reducing SAT is another ''NP'' problem, we are showing that the other problem is at least as hard as SAT. For example, we already showed that SAT polynomial reduces to ILP. With both directions of reduction demonstrated, we can say that the other problem (e.g., ILP) is comparable to SAT in complexity – it too is ''NP'' complete. In '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''', assume that ILP is L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in row (1) column (a), and the two-way arrow indicates that SAT polynomial reduces to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and vice versa. Since L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; has now been shown to be ''NP complete'', all ''NP'' problems reduce to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; as well, as shown in row (1) column (b).
[[File:AllNPsReducedSAT.png|left|thumb|'''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT:''' Cook's theorem shows that all ''NP'' problems polynomial reduced to SAT. Thus SAT is ''NP hard''; all ''NP'' problems can use a procedure for solving SAT as a subroutine. And because SAT is itself ''NP'', SAT is ''NP complete''.]]
One important point to emphasize is that the other problem, L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, can now be used in subsequent reductions to show that still other problems are ''NP complete'', since the demonstrations of equivalent complexity are transitive. Furthermore, as illustrated in row (2) of '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''' we can take another problem in ''NP'', say Lj, and by showing that L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; reduces to Lj we have shown that every ''NP'' problem reduces to Lj as well, and so Lj is NP complete.
[[File:ExtendingNPcomplete.png|thumb|'''Figure ExtendingNPComplete:''' An explanation for expanding the known NP complete problems, as illustrated in this figure, is given in the main text.]]
By now a large number of problems have been shown to be ''NP complete''. A question that you might be asking yourself is whether there is any problem in ''NP'' (and not known to be in ''P'') that is not ''NP complete''? Or not known to be ''NP complete''? See the exercises on these questions.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating a large class of ''NP'' ''complete'' problems that are equivalent in terms of complexity is that if any one of them turns out to have a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then they all have a deterministic polynomial time solution and ''P = NP''.

=== Space Complexity ===

=== Learnability Theory ===
Leslie Valiant,  Probably Approximately Correct: Nature's Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, pp. 76-81

== Properties of Recursively Enumerable (or Unrestricted) Languages ==
The RE languages are the broadest class of languages that we will address, and the class of RE languages includes all other language classes that we have considered -- recursive languages, CSLs, CFLs, DCFLs, and regular languages. The RE languages are equivalently defined by unrestricted (Type 0) grammars and by TMs that may not halt on their input in the case where that input is not a member of the language defined by the TM.

We will start with the closure properties of RE languages, then talk about the inherent undecidability of other decision questions of RE languages. Because membership in RE languages that are not also recursive is undecidable, and therefore are not implementable by algorithms, we don't include issues of algorithmic runtime or space efficiency in this section.

=== Closure Properties of RE languages ===
The RE (aka unrestricted) languages are closed under

* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

However, the RE languages are not closed under Complement.

==== The RE languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under union.

==== The RE languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under intersection.

==== The RE languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under concatenation.

==== The RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a RE language, then L* is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L* that the RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure.

==== The RE languages are closed under Substitution ====
If L is a RE language and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, in the alphabet of L there is an associated RE language, then Subst(L) is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by Subst(L) that the RE languages are closed under substitution.

==== The RE languages are ''not'' closed under Complement ====
If L is a RE language then its complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily RE. We can show this by example of an RE language with a complement that is definitely not RE. We have already given such an example earlier in the text. Its left as an exercise to find and understand the example.

=== Decision Properties of RE languages ===
We covered decidability and undecidability of selected computational problems, notably questions on the membership in recursively enumerable languages. The universal language, which we re-expressed as the halting problem (i.e., will the universal Turing machine always halt on its input) is undecidable (because M&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; may not halt when its argument TM does not accept its input).

In general, undecidability can signify one of two conditions. Membership in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;, for example, is undecidable in one sense, which is failure to say no and halt if a string is not in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;. More broadly though undecidability could mean failure to answer at all and halt 'yes' cases and/or 'no' cases. This second, broader notion of undecidability would relate to languages outside of RE, so we don't deal with it here. We restrict ourselves to undecidability in the former case -- the 'no' case -- as relates to the RE languages.

==== Rice's Theorem ====
A yes/no question of the RE languages is ''trivial'' if the correct answer is either 'yes' in all cases (i.e., its a property of all the RE languages) or its 'no' in the case of all RE languages. Otherwise, its a ''non-trivial'' question or property. For example, the question of whether a given RE language is a regular language is a non-trivial question/property of the RE languages, since some RE languages are regular and some are not.

Rice's Theorem says that every non-trivial question of the RE languages is undecidable.

Suppose we have a yes/no question Q about the RE languages. Then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of RE languages for which Q=yes. Continuing our earlier example, if Q is &quot;Is this language a regular language?&quot; then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of regular languages. In fact, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be viewed as a language of languages, where you'll recall that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be represented finitely by an automaton or grammar, and that each such finite representation can be expressed as a (binary) string. Because the questions Q vary widely, we'll always assume that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is a binary string representing a TM, regardless of whether it miight  be represented in some other fashion (e.g., as a FA). Its also common to refer to L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; as a property -- e.g., every member of L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; has the property of being a regular language.

To phrase things differently, a non-trivial property, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt;, of the RE

* is one for which { } &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt;, where L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all TMs (i.e., the RE languages);
* L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; = { }, where L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all always-halting TMs (i.e., the recursive languages);

•Regardless of non-trivial P, '''reduce L&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; (the Universal Language aka the Halting Problem, known undecidable) to L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;''', thus showing a contradiction with assumption that L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt; is decidable.

Rice’s Theorem implies an infinite number of undecidable properties for recursively enumerable languages, and it does it in one fell swoop. Rice’s Theorem tells us that for sufficiently expressive languages undecidability is the norm rather than the exception.

Of the problems implied by Rice’s Theorem to be undecidable, there are different kinds. Its undecidable whether a TM accepts the empty set, or a non-empty set. Given intuitions about complementation, we might think of these questions as essentially the same, but in fact when dealing with RE languages that are not recursive our intuitions regarding complement may be misleading. In the case of the question of whether an arbitrary TM accepts the empty language is not RE – its ''not'' a property that can be tested by any TM. Whereas, the question of whether a TM accepts a non-empty language is RE (but not recursive).

=== Expanding the Classes of Languages ===
Any characteristic defines a set of languages for which the characteristic is true of all members. Any question defines a set of languages for which the answer to the question is 'yes'.

== Exercises, Projects, and Discussions ==
'''RL Props Exercise 1:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', draw a visualization of the construction, choosing a way of visually representing the component DFAs in the construction, as well as the constructed NFA. Why do this exercise? Because many learners are visual learners, and undoubtedly all learners benefit from some visualization, be it mental imagery or manifest on 'paper'. An important skill for many or most in CS generally is an ability to visualize algorithms and data structures. This will undoubtedly continue to be a desirable skill even as AIs take over much of the software development burdon. As an aside, if you are interested in societal benefits of your efforts, consider and potentially act on the creation of educational materials in CS for the blind and hard of sight.

'''RL Props Exercise 2:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular expressions.

'''RL Props Exercise 3:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular grammars.

'''RL Props Exercise 4:''' Regular expressions were defined in terms of three operations -- concatenation, choice, and Kleene closure. Expand regular expressions based on closure properties for regular languages. The intent is not that you increase the representational power of REs, but that the expansion provides syntactic convenience and comprehensibility.

'''RL Props Exercise 5:''' Show that the regular languages are closed under reversal. That is, if L is a regular language then L&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; is a regular language.

'''CFL Exercise 1:''' Show that the CFLs are ''not'' closed under intersection.

'''Project 1:''' Investigate the properties of the class of inherently ambiguous CFLs.

'''Project 2:''' Investigate NP problems that are not ''NP complete'', or not known to be ''NP complete''. Are there any such problems?

'''Project 3:''' Investigate superpolynmial algorithms that are subexponential.

'''Project 4:''' Investigate Closure properties of P, NP, and NP complete problems

'''Exercise RecursiveSubstition1:''' Give a demonstration that if you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive.

'''Exercises (Closure Properties of RE languages)''' For each of the subsections above, demonstrate the truth value of the closure property as described.

== References ==</text>
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      <text bytes="89162" sha1="7r5ynffyqg4pgbnp2hmf6gyf498ayud" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}[[File:Comprehensive_Language_Hierarchy.png|thumb|'''Figure LanguageHierarchy:''' The languages classes studied thus far, but with a few references on some of the topics to come, most notably algorithm complexity and more on undecidability.]]
A comprehensive picture of the hierarchy of language classes is shown in '''Figure LanguageHierarchy''', along with the briefest reference to concepts and factoids that have been covered. It is intended as a reference that can be reviewed quickly to good effect, possibly before an exam, or perhaps years later to confirm a fleeting memory.

== Kinds of Properties ==
A property of a ''given language'' is a statement or predicate that is true of the language. Suppose the language is the set of prime numbers. One property is that there is an algorithm for recognizing any input as a prime number or not. That is, the language of prime numbers is recursive. We've spent a lot of time on such properties -- that a language is in a class of languages, or that a particular language includes a particular string or not. We've covered other properties of specific languages too, perhaps only briefly, such as the property that a given language is ''inherently ambiguous'' or not.

A property of a ''language class'' is a statement or predicate that is true of all members of the class. We have not spent much time thus far on properties of language classes, other than definitional properties, which we discuss below.

=== Closure Properties ===
To preview one example, lets consider the class of CFLs. ∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L), where L is a language and P is a property. A property of the CFLs is that if L is a CFL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; is a CFL. This is an example of a ''closure property'' -- that the CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure, aka repetition. As another example of a closure property, again of the CFL class, ∀&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;,&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs ∧ L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs) → R(L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), where L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are languages and R is a property, such as union: if L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL; the CFLs are closed under union.
[[File:ClosurePropertiesSummary.png|left|thumb|'''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary:''' Closure properties of language classes. A check &lt;math&gt;\checkmark&lt;/math&gt;in a cell indicates that the language class in the corresponding column is closed under the operation of the corresponding row. No check in a cell indicates that the language class is not closed under the operation.]]
But if we say that a property does not hold for a language class, such as the CFLs, this means that the property is not true of all CFLs, or equivalently, there exists a CFL for which the property does not hold. That is, for CFLs,  ¬(∀&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs → P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; ¬(L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; P(L)) ≡ ∃&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; CFLs &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; ¬P(L)), where L is a language and P is a property. For example, if L is a CFL, then L's complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily a CFL; the CFLs are not closed under complement, or put another way, the class of CFLs does not possess the closed-under-complement property. Its important to recognize that this is a statement about a ''class'' of languages, the CFLs, not a statement about a particular language. Thus, its not inconsistent to say that the class of CFLs do not possess the closed-under-complement property, but that the complement of a particular CFL is also a CFL.

We have talked extensively about certain definitional properties of various language classes already -- the type of grammar that generates languages in the class, the kind of automata that recognize them, and other representations and patterns of languages in the class (e.g., as stated in the Pumping Lemma). These are all examples of definitional properties of selected language classes. A new focus in this chapter is closure properties (or not) of language classes. This text focuses on six closure properties, but there are many other closure properties that are addressed in other texts. A preview of our coverage is shown in '''Figure ClosurePropertiesSummary'''.

=== Decision Properties ===
[[File:DecisionPropertiesSummary.png|alt=See caption|thumb|'''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary:''' Decision problems/questions that are decidable are indicated by a check under the applicable language classes. The decision questions are, from top to bottom, test of membership of a string in a language, whether the language is empty or not, whether the language is equivalent to the Kleene  closure of the language's alphabet, and where two languages of the class are equivalent. ]]
In addition to closure properties, we will also discuss selected ''decision properties'' in this chapter. A decision property corresponds to a yes/no question about a language class that is decidable in all cases. We have already covered in considerable detail, for example, membership decision properties. Every language class we have studied, except RE, has the decision property that a test of membership in a language of the class is an algorithm. A test of membership is decidable for regular languages, DCFLs, CFLs, CSLs, and ''recursive'' languages, and thus each of those classes has the test-of-membership decision property. The ''recursively enumerable'' languages generally, notably to include those languages that are not ''recursive'', do not have the test-of-membership decision property because the question of membership of an arbitrary ''recursively enumerable'' language is undecidable. We've spent so much time on this question already that we don't repeat the analysis in discussing each language class in this chapter, but we do include it in the summary of decision properties in '''Figure DecisionPropertiesSummary'''.

Recall that a question is decidable if there exists a TM (or computer program) that given a requisite number of language specifications (e.g., as grammars or automata) as input, and correctly answers the question for which the TM was designed to answer. As yet another example of a decision property, in this case of the regular languages, recall we have already sketched an algorithm for answering whether two regular languages, as represented finitely through DFAs, NFAs, RegExps, or RGs, are the same language. So if we are given a RegExp that represents a language and an NFA that represents a language, then clearly the languages represented by each are regular, and we can translate each language specification into a DFA, minimize each of the resulting DFAs, and see if the two minimal state DFAs are identical, aside from state names. This process can be implemented as a TM or computer program that correctly answers whether its two input language specifications represent the same language or not. In my example I seemed to suggest that the inputs can be different in form -- one as an RegExp and one as a NFA -- but for purposes of implementation we could insist on both inputs as RegExps, or both as NFAs, or both as DFAs, or both as RGs; or we could use TMs as the way we represent all languages that are input to decision questions.

The ''class of regular languages has the property that the question of equivalence is decidable'' because we can test for equivalence by using a single correct TM for all (pairs of) regular languages that are inputs to the TM.

In contrast, if we say that a decision question is undecidable for a class of languages then that means that there does not exist a TM that correctly answers the question (and halts) for all languages in the class. For example, it is undecidable whether two CFLs, as represented finitely by CFGs or PDAs, or TMs, are the same language. But we want to be careful about language here. We've said earlier that a property of a class of languages is a statement that is true of all languages in the class. So rather than saying that &lt;s&gt;the ''class of CFLs has the property that the question of equivalence is undecidable''&lt;/s&gt;'','' which you might see in some sources, we'll say that ''the class of CFLs does not have the property of decidability on the question of equivalence''. This is consistent with the discussion on closure properties as well. It is still the case that particular pairs of CFL specifications can be shown to be equivalent using a TM created to answer the equivalence questions for CFLs, but no TM can be found that is always correct and always halts.

As with closure properties we will only reference a limited number of decision properties, though when we reach the RE languages we will describe Rice's theorem and its astounding conclusion that an infinite number of decision questions are undecidable in the case of the RE languages generally.

== Properties of Regular Languages ==
If we want to show that a language is regular it will be possible to construct an FA, regular expression, or regular grammar that demonstrably represents the language, perhaps verified by a proof by induction or contradiction. A construction argument, whether followed by an auxiliary proof or not, often represents a kind of gold standard of demonstration.

=== Closure Properties of Regular Languages ===
Closure properties can also be used to show a language, L, is regular (or in some other class of languages for that matter). We can do this by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to a language, X, known to be regular (e.g., by construction), until reaching the target language, L, thus demonstrating that X &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; RL. In addition, closure properties can be handy in showing that a language, L, is ''not'' regular, by applying transformations known to preserve regularity to L, until a language, X, is derived that is known through some other demonstration to ''not'' be regular. Thus, the original language, L, must not have been regular either (i.e., demonstrating X &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; L &lt;math&gt;\not\in&lt;/math&gt; RL).

The regular languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

It will be interesting to compare the closure properties of the regular languages with those closure properties of more inclusive languages – context free, context sensitive, and unrestricted.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Complement ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then the complement of L, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is regular.

Since L is regular, there is a DFA, M, that recognizes L. Construct the DFA for &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, call it &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, by simultaneously changing all accepting states in M to non-accepting states, and changing all non-accepting states in M to accepting states. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; accepts a string w then w must have taken a path to an accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was a non-accepting state in M, so w is not in L. If &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt; did not accept a string w then w must have taken a path to a non-accepting state of &lt;math&gt;\bar{M}&lt;/math&gt;, which was an accepting state in M, so w is in L.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions, M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as follows.

* Create copies of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call the copies M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a start state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions from that start state to each of the start states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'.
* Create a single accepting state for M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition for each of the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to the accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.
* Change the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' to non-accepting states.

M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Intersection ====
[[File:DFAofIntersection.png|thumb|'''Figure DFAofIntersection:''' The language  {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3} is regular.&lt;/nowiki&gt;]]
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

Suppose L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are regular languages over alphabet Σ. Then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is regular. This must be so since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = ~(~L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; ~L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and the regular languages are closed under complement and union. But we can also directly construct a DFA that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; from the DFAs that must exist for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)) and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ , &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)), respectively. The following is adapted from (pp. 59-60, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft1979&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1979). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;; p. 137, &lt;ref name=&quot;Hopcroft2007&quot;&gt;Hopcroft, John E., Motwani, Rajeev, Ullman, Jeffrey D. (2007). Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation 3rd Edition. Pearson Education, Inc/Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.&lt;/ref&gt;).

M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; = (Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×Q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Σ, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; , [q&lt;sub&gt;1,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ], F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;×F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) that accepts L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. For each pair of states from M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively, define a state in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt; . For each of these pairs of states, on each symbol ''a'' in Σ, define a transition in M&lt;sub&gt;1∩2&lt;/sub&gt;

                                                                          &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;([q&lt;sub&gt;1i,&lt;/sub&gt; q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; ], ''a'') = [&lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;1i&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a''), &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt;, ''a'')]

As an example, consider {0&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; | m is evenly divisible by 2 and evenly divisible by 3}. Its easy to build a DFA that accepts an even number of 0s, and its easy to build a DFA that accepts an integer multiple of 3 number of 0s. A DFA for their intersection is shown in '''Figure DFAofIntersection''', and thus the intersection of the two regular languages is thus regular.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both regular languages, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

The concatenation of languages L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, written L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;}. That is, any word from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; followed immediately by any word of L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, is a string in the language of the concatenation.

Since L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are each regular languages, there are DFAs M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively, that recognize each. Construct an NFA M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions by

* copying M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; , call them M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;',
* make the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; be the accepting states of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;',
* connect M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;' by adding an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to the start state of M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;', and
* change every accepting state in M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;' to be a non-accepting state.

M&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; is an NFA that recognizes L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and thus L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language.

As a matter of interest and subsequent utility, we can extend concatenation to a sequence of more than two languages, so that L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; = {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | w&lt;sub&gt;1j&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and w&lt;sub&gt;2k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and ... and w&lt;sub&gt;mi&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;}.

==== Regular Languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then L* is a regular language.

We introduced Kleene closure in defining regular expressions, and also called it the repetition operator. The Kleene closure of a language L, L*, equals {w&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;w&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;...w&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; | for all m &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and each w&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}. That is, strings in L* are each a concatenation of an indefinite number of strings from L.

If L is a regular language then there is a DFA, M, that recognizes it. To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions that recognizes L*,

* copy M as M',
* add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state to M' to the existing start state of M',
* add a new start state to M' with an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition to the original start state of M', and
* make the new start state of M' an accepting state as well (so that the NFA accepts the empty string).

The resulting NFA accepts L* and so L* is a regular language.

==== '''Regular Languages are closed under Substitution''' ====
Substitution is the most complicated of the operations that we will consider. Suppose L is a language, regular or not, over alphabet Σ. Suppose further that for each symbol in Σ, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, we associate a language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. We will speak of the substitution operation, ''Subst'', as being applied to each symbol of Σ, to each string of L, and to L itself. Subst is an ''overloaded'' function, much as that term is applied in certain programming languages. If x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; is a symbol in Σ then Subst(x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;) is the strings in Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., simply Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; itself. If w = a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;...a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L, then Subst(w) = Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;)Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)...Subst(a&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), that is Subst(w) is the concatenation of the languages (see above) associated with the various symbols in w. Finally, Subst(L) = {Subst(w) &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; L}, that is Subst(L) is the set of strings resulting from the substitution applied too all strings in L. Importantly, the alphabets for the various languages, L and the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s don't have too be the same. The alphabet for the language Subst(L) is the union of the alphabets of all the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; languages, and that alphabet may or may not share any symbols with the alphabet of L.

If L is the set of strings of 0s and 1s with at least two consecutive 0s, and L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} then Subst(0) = L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;} and Subst(1) = L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba} . Subst(100) = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w in Subst(1)Subst(0)Subst(0)} = {&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;, ba&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ..., a&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;, ...}. That is, Subst(100) is all possible ways of drawing a string from L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, i.e., {&lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, a, ba}, followed by two draws from L&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = {w &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; w matches (&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;+&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;}.  Subst(L) is the set of strings over an alphabet of {a,b,&lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt;,&lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt;} where each b must followed immediately by an 'a' (why?), and there must be at least one consecutive pair of &lt;math&gt;\S&lt;/math&gt; and/or &lt;math&gt;\aleph&lt;/math&gt; (why?).

'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated regular language Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a regular language.

If L and all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are regular languages then there are DFAs that recognize L and each of the Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s. Call these DFAs M (for L) and Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; (for each Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). To construct an NFA with &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transitions for Subst(L), do as follows.

* Make a copy of M called M'
* For each transition in M' from state q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt; on input symbol x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, splice in the DFA for Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, by
** make a copy of each Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, call it Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from q&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; to the start state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'
** add an &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; transition from each accepting state of Mx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;' to q&lt;sub&gt;j&lt;/sub&gt;.

The resulting NFA recognizes Subst(L) and thus Subst(L) is a regular language.

=== Decision Properties of Regular Languages ===
The decision properties of the regular languages include

* equivalence test of languages
* test for emptiness of a language
* test for all strings over an alphabet

==== Equivalence test of two regular languages is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are the same language.

We described the proof sketch above under Kinds_of_properties/Decision_properties and do not repeat that here.

==== Test of whether a regular language is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts the empty language -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is a '''''non-accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language use the same process as described earlier of translating the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is empty, else its not empty.

==== Test of whether a regular language is Σ* is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a regular language then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is Σ*.

Do very much as described immediately above with one small change. There is a unique minimal-state DFA over an alphabet, Σ, that accepts Σ* -- it is a DFA with only one state, which is an '''''accepting''''' state, and all transitions for all alphabet members loop back to that one state. Given a finite representation of a regular language translate the input to a DFA, minimize the DFA, and see if its identical to the single-state DFA just described. If the DFAs are identical then L is Σ*, else its not.

== Properties of Deterministic Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of DCFLs ===
'''The deterministic context free languages are &lt;u&gt;not closed&lt;/u&gt; under union, concatenation, Kleene Closure, intersection, or substitution.''' Hopcroft and Ullman provide the following arguments.

&quot;Let L1 = {0i1i2j | i,j &gt;= 0} and L2 = {0i1j2j | i, j &gt;= 0} 

It is easy to show that L1,and L2 are DCFL's. However,L{ uL2istheCFLshownnottobeaDCFLinExample10.1.Thus 

the DCFL's are not closed under union.

For concatenation, let L3 = flL t u L2 . Then L3 is a DCFL, because the presence or absenceofsymbolatellsuswhethertolookforawordinLx orawordinL2. Surelya*isa DCFL. However a*L3 is not a DCFL. If it were, then L4 = a*L3 n a0*l*2* would be a DCFL by Theorem 10.4. But L4 = aLx u aL2 . If L4 is a DCFL, accepted by DPDA M, then we could recognize Lx u L2 by simulating M on (imaginary) input a and then on the real input. As Li u L2 is not a DCFL, neither is L4, and therefore the DCFL's are not closed under concatenation.

Theproofforclosureissimilar,ifweletL5={a}uL3. L5isaDCFL,butL?isnot,by a proof similar to the above.

For homomorphism, let L6 = aLx u bL2i which is a DCFL. Let L be the homomor- phismthatmapsbtoaandmapsothersymbolstothemselves.Thenh(L6)=L4, sothe DCFL's are not closed under homomorphism.

Hopcroft and Ullman, pp. 265-266.

==== The DCFLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a DCFL, then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a DCFL, because from a DPDA for L we can construct a DPDA for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; by  swapping accepting and non-accepting states. 

=== Decision Properties of DCFLs ===
The deterministic context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, on the equivalence of a DCFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two DCFLs.

==== Test of whether a DCFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a DCFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

The proof follows from the fact that decidability of the emptiness test is true of the class of CFLs. See that proof sketch for the wider class of CFLs.

== Properties of Context Free Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CFLs ===
The CFLs are closed under

* Union
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

In contrast to the regular languages, the CFLs are not closed under complementation and the CFLs are not closed under intersection.

==== CFLs are closed under Union ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). To construct a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a new start symbol, S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two associated productions, one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and one to the start symbol of G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Concatenation ====
'''Theorem:''' If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are both CFLs, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CFLs then each has an associated CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates the respective languages. Assume that the names of the variables in the two CFGs are disjoint (so no possibility of confusion). Assume the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and that the name of the start symbol for G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; is S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; with a single production to S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, so L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFLs, then L* is a CFL.

We've previously used the Kleene closure or repetition operator only in reference to regular languages, but the operation applies to languages of any class. L* is the set of strings w that are composed of 0 or more concatenated substrings, w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, where each w&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; is a string in L.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG, G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that generates L, with a start symbol that we'll call S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. To create a CFG for L*, create a new start symbol, call it S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions, one to &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; and one to S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;. (i.e., add S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;). G&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates L*, so L* is a CFL.

==== CFLs are closed under Substitution ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL over an alphabet Σ and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in Σ, there is an associated CFL Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, then Subst(L) is a CFL.

If L is a CFL then there is a CFG that generates L, call it G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;. If all Lx&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;'s are CFLs then there are CFGs that generate each, call them G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To create a CFG that generates Subst(L), G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt;, replace every instance of an alphabet/terminal symbol in the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; with the start symbol for the grammar of the language corresponding to that symbol, and make the productions of G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; be the union of all the revised productions of G&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; and all the productions of all the G&lt;sub&gt;Lxk&lt;/sub&gt;'s. G&lt;sub&gt;S(L)&lt;/sub&gt; is a CFG that generates Subst(L), so Subst(L) is a CFL.

==== CFLs are ''not'' closed under complementation ====
Intuitively, you might think that given a PDA for a language, we can just invert the accepting and non-accepting states as we did with FAs, but the added complexity of the stack makes this insufficient for showing the CFLs are closed under complement.

To say that a language class is not closed under an operation, is to say that ''there exists'' at least one language (for a unary operation such as complementation) or at least two languages for a binary operation such as intersection, that don't result in a language of the specified class. So, finding such a counterexample is sufficient for showing the CFLs are not closed under complementation, for example. But finding such a counterexample can be nontrivial. How do we show that the complement of a particular CFL is not a CFL? We would have to show that there is no CFG or PDA for it.

Consider the language L = {a&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;j&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;k&lt;/sup&gt; | i,j,k &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0 and i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j or j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k}. '''CFG Exercise 2''' in chapter &quot;Context Free (Type 2) Grammars and Languages&quot; asked you to give a CFG for this language, thus demonstrating that it is a CFL. The complement of L is {a&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;b&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; | n &lt;math&gt;\geq&lt;/math&gt; 0}, that is  ¬ (i &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\lor&lt;/math&gt; j &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; k) ≡ (i = j  &lt;math&gt;\land&lt;/math&gt; j = k) which is not a CFL because there is no CFG that can generate &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;. We don't prove this formally, but intuitively a memory of n would have to exist across two boundaries, both between 'a's and 'b's, as well as 'b's and 'c's, which cannot be done simultaneously with a CFG (or a PDA).

=== Decision Properties of CFLs ===
The context free languages are decidable on questions of membership of a string in the language, on whether the language is empty or not, but NOT on the equivalence of a CFL to Σ*, and on the equivalence, or not, of two CFLs.

==== Test of whether a CFL is empty is decidable ====
'''Theorem:''' If L is a CFL then there is an algorithm that determines whether L is the empty language ({ } or &lt;math&gt;\phi&lt;/math&gt;).

If L is a CFL, then there is a CFG that generates L. In fact, it can  be shown that there is a CFG generating L that has no unreachable symbols (i.e., all variables and terminals can be generated as part of sentential forms from the start symbol of the CFG), and there are no useless symbols (i.e., substrings of terminals  can be generated by all variables). Do a breadth-first enumeration of sentential forms from such a grammar, and if after an &quot;adequate&quot; number of generations a string is not found, then L is empty, else its not empty. If a variable is repeated along a path along a sentential form, E, with the first instance of the variable, to a sentential form, F, with the second instance of the same variable, then the path can be pruned at E, because there are other paths that include E but without the repeated variable in a later sentential form. If no paths exist without repeated variables, then the language is empty. 

== Properties of Context Sensitive Languages ==

=== Closure Properties of CSLs ===
The CSLs are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Kleene Closure
* Substitution

==== The CSLs are closed under Complement ====
If L is a CSL then its complement, L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. If L is. a CSL then there is a linear bounded TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L, and that halts on all inputs. A linear bounded TM for L&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt; can be created that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine and that accepts if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; rejects, and that rejects if M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; accepts.

==== The CSLs are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL. If L1 and L2 are CSLs then there are CSGs, G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, that generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively. To construct a CSG to generate L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; copy all the productions G&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and G&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; with variables renamed as necessary so as to not confuse variables from different grammars, and create a start symbol S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; for the new grammar, G&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt;, with two productions S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and S&lt;sub&gt;L1 &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L2&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt; S&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;. This new grammar is a CSG since the new productions are all noncontracting, and it generates L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are CSLs then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a CSL.

==== The CSLs are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a CSL then L&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, is a CSL. We can say instead that L&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; = L* - &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; is a CSL if it is important to exclude &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;.

==== The CSLs are closed under Substitution ====
The CSLs are closed under substitution. The proof sketch is much like the argument for CFLs. The closure under substitution, however, depends on the fact that a CSL, strictly speaking, does not include the empty string, &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;. We will elaborate on the significance of this when discussing substitution for recursive languages.

=== Decision Properties of CSLs ===

== Properties of Recursive Languages ==
As I have already noted under section &quot;Turing Machines and Language Classes/Recursive languages&quot;, the definitional characteristic of the class of recursive languages is that there is a TM that recognizes the language and that is ''guaranteed to halt in both accept and reject cases''. Because of this gaurantee, recognition of a recursive language is said to be ''decidable''. We also say that the recursive languages are recognized by an algorithm. Unlike all the other language classes discussed so far, there is no class of grammar that precisely delimits the recursive languages, though of course there are grammars that  generate a subset of the recursive languages, notably CSLs.

=== Closure Properties of Recursive Languages ===
The recursive languages are closed under

* Complement
* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure

However, the recursive languages are not closed under substitution.

Since there is no equivalent class of grammars for the recursive languages, all our arguments about closure (or not) of recursive languages will be based on TMs.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Complement ====
If L is a recursive language, then there is a TM, call it M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, that recognizes L and that is guaranteed to halt for all accept cases and in all reject cases. Create a new TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;', that calls M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; as a subroutine. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns accept for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns reject. If M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; returns reject for a input string, then M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' returns accept. M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;' accepts the complement of L, and always halts, so the complement of L is recursive.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. From M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; we construct an always halting TM, M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Since TMs and computers are equivalent in terms of what can be computed, we represent M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; in programming language pseudocode with the understanding that this can be translated to a TM.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Union (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept OR M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

Each of the component TMs for L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; are being used as subroutines. The construction for  M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;'s behavior covers all conditions and is gauranteed to halt.

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Intersection (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) { IF M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept AND M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;(w) == accept THEN RETURN accept ELSE RETURN reject}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt; be the TMs recognizing L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; respectively and each is gauranteed to halt. At a high level,

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L1L2&lt;/sub&gt; , w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Concatenation (M&lt;sub&gt;L1&lt;/sub&gt;, M&lt;sub&gt;L2&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the |w|+1 ways to partition w into xy

           IF M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;(x) == accept and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(y) == accept THEN RETURN accept

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a recursive language then L* is recursive. Let M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; be the TM recognizing L and that is gauranteed to halt.

&lt;M&lt;sub&gt;L*&lt;/sub&gt;, w&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Repetition (M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;, w) {

FOR each of the 2&lt;sup&gt;|w|-1&lt;/sup&gt; ways to partition w into x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;,

             IF  M&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;) == accept for all x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; in x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;…x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; THEN RETURN accept   // can implement as a loop

RETURN reject

}

==== The Recursive Languages are ''not'' closed under Substitution ====
If you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive. Why should the recursive languages be  different from the other language classes that are subsets of the recursive languages -- CSLs, CFLs, regular languages? Whereas these distinguished subsets cannot include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt; (i.e., their grammars cannot include productions of the form &lt;math&gt;\alpha \rightarrow \varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;), a arbitrary recursive language can include &lt;math&gt;\varepsilon&lt;/math&gt;, and the possibility of 'erasing' symbols from strings are what introduces the possibility of a substitution yielding  a language that is outside the recursive class. 

Consider a proof sketch that the recursive languages are not closed under substitution from Ullman. That is, if L ⊆ Σ* is a recursive language, and for each symbol ''a'' ∈Σ, subst(a) = L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; is a recursive language, then subst(L) is not necessarily a recursive language.   

“To see why, consider the particular language ''L'' consisting of strings of the form '''(''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;)''', where ''M'' is a coded Turing machine with binary input alphabet, ''w'' is a binary string, and '''c''' is a symbol not appearing elsewhere. The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most i moves.  Clearly ''L'' is recursive; we may simulate ''M'' on ''w'' for ''i'' moves and then decide whether or not to accept. However, if we apply to ''L'' the homomorphism&quot; (i.e., a restricted type of substitution), &quot;that maps the symbols other than ''c'' to themselves, and maps ''c'' to ε, we find that ''h(L)''&quot; (i.e., subst(L)), &quot;is the universal language, which we called ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;''. We know that ''L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;'' is not recursive. “ Ullman (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/ialcsols/sol9.html, Exercise 9.2.6(e))

Homomorphism, a special case of substitution, is when each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;, for 'a' in Σ, is a singleton set – that is, each L&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; contains a single string, including possibly the empty string. So, for example if L is defined over Σ = {c, d, e}, and subst(c) = {01}, subst(d) = {rq23t}, and subst(e) = {𝜀}, then if w = ‘ceed’ then subst(w) = {01rq23t}.

Ullman's construction illustrates a very general way of dealing with languages/problems that are not recursive and therefore may not halt without an additional constraint. To make a recursive language from the original --  that is, to guarantee halting -- put a definite upper-bound on the number of steps that the procedure can run, and if one hits that upper-bound before a string is accepted by the procedure, M, then halt  (and say 'no', or perhaps 'do not know'). That is, suppose that M is a procedure, which is equivalent to a Turing machine, and we can execute M one step at a time by appropriately instrumenting M. Then a procedure, M' , can be expressed this way:

&lt;M', wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;&gt; = BOOLEAN FUNCTION Bounded-M (M, w, n) {

i = n 

DO {

* Execute next step of M

* Decrement i by 1

} UNTIL (i = 0 OR M accepted) 

IF M accepted THEN RETURN(yes) ELSE RETURN(no)

}

In Ullman's contradicting case of closure under substitution -- (''M'',''w'',c&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) or (''M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) --'' where 'n' now is the upperbound (because we are using 'i' as the counter) ''--''  subst((M'',''wc&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;)) = (''M'',''w''), which as Ullman notes is the universal language, and which is known to be undecidable, that is, not recursive.

This may seem a bit mind-bending, and it does leave some of us with hesitation, as expressed by some users on reddit who wanted, to their credit, a deeper understanding. Shouldn't the result of the substitution above be interpreted as &quot;The string is in L if and only if M accepts w after making at most ZERO moves&quot;, since all the 'c' characters have all been erased?

To better understand the solution, its easier to use the pseudo-code formulation above, which I've carefully constructed, where &quot;no 'c' characters&quot;  corresponds to the case where n=0 in the pseudocode. In that case entering the DO loop for the first time will cause i to be decremented to -1 and the DO loop can never, thereafter,  be exited because of the 'i=0' case; the only way to exit the loop is if M accepts, and if M never accepts then M' doesn't halt. M' can take any M and w as arguments -- M' is equivalent to a bounded universal TM,  but in the case where n is initially 0, it is equivalent the universal TM. 

Again, the recursive languages are not closed under general substitution because of the possibility of erasure caused by the substitution with the possibility of 𝜀. However, '''''the recursive languages are closed under 𝜀-free substitutions''''', where 𝜀 in a substituting language is disallowed. In some sources you may see that the CSLs are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions as well, because of the possibility of 𝜀 in a CSL, or not, is left as a technicality that is glossed over; strictly speaking, however, 𝜀, cannot be in a CSL, because a CSG is is a normal form of a non-contracting grammar, so by the strict assumptions that L is a CSL, there can be no production to 𝜀 and therefore the '''''𝜀-'''''free qualifier is not needed. A demonstration that the recursive languages are closed under '''''𝜀-'''''free substitutions can include the same kind of argument for testing differentt segmentations of strings that we made for closure under concatenation and Kleene closure. 

=== Decision Properties of Recursive languages ===

=== Runtime Complexity ===
Many students who are taking a class on formal languages, automata, and computation will have already studied algorithm efficiency, perhaps in the form of big-O notation. Runtime efficiency is typically regarded as a characteristic of recursive languages (i.e, membership algorithms defined by always-halting TMs or computer programs), which is why we address efficiency in this chapter on properties of the recursive languages. It would make less sense to talk about efficiency in the case of undecidable problems, but a project asks you to investigate the relevance of efficiency and undecidable problems.

Big-O notation is used to indicate an upper bound on runtime cost, or space requirements or some other resource, but we will focus on time initially. Precisely, if ''n'' is a measure of the size of the input to a procedure, and I say that the procedure is O(''f(n)''), then that means that for big enough values of ''n'', the procedure’s actual runtime ''g(n)'' ≤ c*''f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t''. ''t'' is the value that tells us what value of ''n'' is “big enough”. In English, this tells us that the actual runtime of a procedure, g(n), never exceeds some constant c times f(n) for big enough n.

Where do the values of constants ''c'' and ''t'' come from? For practical purposes they could come from experiments with a procedure on different size ''n'', or from analysis, but for theoretical purposes (at least to many theoreticians much of the time) we don’t care. Its enough to know that these constants exist, and that they depend on the algorithm’s implementation details (i.e., what is the language of implementation, the hardware the procedure is run on, etc), and this is precisely why we don’t care about their particular values from a theoretical standpoint. And so we typically don’t fret about the constants and simply say the procedure is O(''f(n)''), where ''f(n)'' is typically a member of some general and simply-stated class of functions, like n&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt; or 1 (constant), log ''n'' (logarithmic), ''n'' (linear), ''n'' log ''n'', ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' (quadratic), ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'',  2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt; (exponential), and ''n!'' (combinatoric). I have listed these simply-stated function classes in order of increasing complexity or growth rate. That is, ''n'' log ''n'' will always be less than ''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'' for sufficiently sized ''n'', for example.

If I say that an algorithm runs in O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') time, then that means the actual run time, ''g(n)'', of the procedure will be bounded above for big enough n: ''g(n)'' ≤ ''c*n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'', for ''n'' ≥ ''t.'' Notice that if a algorithm is O(''n''), for example, then it is also O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and O(''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') and … and O(''n!''). Convince yourself that this is true given the formal definition of big-O notation. The problem, however, with saying that an algorithm’s runtime is O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;) when it is also O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) is that the former is misleading because ''n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'' is not as &quot;tight&quot; an upper bound as is possible. This concern with tightly characterizing the run time complexity of an algorithm is one reason that we also like to characterize algorithms by lower bounds. Ω(''f(n)'') means that for big enough values of ''n,'' the algorithm’s actual runtime ''g(n) ≥ c*f(n)'', for ''n ≥ t.'' The constants for a big-Omega characterization of an algorithm may be different than the constants for a big-O characterization of the same algorithm, but again, we don’t typically care about the constants. If an algorithm can be characterized by both O(''f(n)'') and Ω(''f(n)'') (i.e., upper and lower bounds for the same ''f(n)'') then we consider ''f(n)'' as a tight characterization of the algorithm’s runtime, and we signify this with big-Theta notation Θ(''f(n)'') means ''c&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n) ≥ g(n) ≥ c&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;*f(n)'' for ''n ≥ t'' (''t = max(t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)'').

It would be easy to dive still deeper into complexity theory, but under the assumption that you have or will look at this more deeply in an advanced course on algorithm analysis, I’ll sum up with three miscellaneous points. First, its common to say that if an algorithm is characterized by O(''f(n)'') behavior (or Omega or Theta), then the actual runtime, ''g(n) = O(f(n))''. This may seem like an odd use of the equality symbol and it is indeed an odd convention (if I had my druthers I might have overloaded the membership symbol instead, so g(n) ∈ O(f(n))). Second, when using any of the notations it is appropriate to say “in the worst case” or “the best case” or the “average case”, though you might think that big-O naturally corresponds to the worst case, big-Omega to the best, and big-Theta to the average, and you wouldn’t be wrong in some sense. But imagine cases, in say AI, where there is a partial ordering on run times, and in one subset of instances performance ranges from best to worst for that subset, while a different subset has a different values for best, average, and worst. In any case, you’ll hear and read that worst case for insertion sort is O(''n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') and best case is O(''n''), as but one example where O-notation serves double duty.

Thirdly, in theory settings, particularly in introductory texts like this one, worst case performance is taken to be of most importance – just how bad can this algorithm be!?! Worst case performance that is greater than polynomial (i.e., with growth rate greater than n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt; for any positive value of p), notably O(2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;) and O(''n!''), will determine whether a problem is &quot;intractable&quot;.

In short, using big-O (or big-Omega or big-Theta) there is a hierarchy of language (problem) classes: O(1) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n'' log ''n'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;'') &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; O(2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; ''O(n!''). There are many other language classes defined in terms of runtime of course.

==== Intractability ====
A dictionary definition of an &quot;intractable problem&quot; is one that is extremely hard or impossible to solve. Problems that are in RE but not recursive are undecidable, and are intractable in a strong sense. Problems that don’t have solutions that are representable by Turing machines at all (i.e., non-RE) are intractable in the strongest sense.

But what we will usually mean by intractability are problems for which the only known solution procedures are greater than polynomial in time and/or space as a function of input size (e.g., exponential, combinatorial).

==== ''P'' and ''NP'' ====
''P'' and ''NP'' are two broad classes of languages (problems). Any deterministic algorithm that runs in O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) time, where p is any real number constant, belongs to class ''P''(olynomial). Remember that O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) will include other, smaller growth rate functions, like ''n'' log ''n'', as well. An example of a problem in ''P'' is finding the ''minimum weight spanning tree'' (MWST) of a weighted graph. ''Kruskal’s algorithm'' is a polynomial time algorithm that finds the MWST.

Any algorithm that cannot be characterized by polynomial deterministic runtime is not in ''P''.
[[File:NPprocedure.png|thumb|'''Figure NPprocedure:'''  A non-deterministic polynomial algorithm is one that pursues multiple paths (of instantaneous descriptions) “simultaneously” towards a solution (brute-force, breadth-first), where each path length is a polynomial function of input size.]]
''NP'', standing for ''Nondeterministic Polynomial'', is the class of algorithms, which when run on a nondeterministic TM that is capable of simulating all possible solution paths in parallel, will run in time that is polynomial as a function of the input size. Of course, a NTM cannot simulate all paths in parallel, so a more practical expression of the ''NP'' class are algorithms where solution paths are a polynomial function of their input in length. ''NP'' problems have a hard to solve, &quot;easy&quot; to validate character. Finding a solution may require exploring a large number of paths, perhaps O(''2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt;'') or O(''n!'') paths, but each path is polynomial in length, and thus a given solution can be validated in polynomial time, as illustrated in '''Figure NPprocedure'''.

An  example  of an ''NP'' problem is the Traveling Sales Problem (TSP) with a weighted graph. That is, expressed as a language, the TSP asks whether there is a cycle of all nodes in a weighted graph with a total weight that is a specified maximum or less. If so, the encoded graph is a member of the language of graphs for which there is an acceptable tour, otherwise it is not. It is standard that a satisfying tour accompany a 'yes' answer. There are at least O(n!) number of paths (hard to find) of length ''n'', where n is the number of vertices, so each solution is O(''n'') in length (easy to validate).

Every problem in ''P'' is also in ''NP'', so ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subseteq&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. What is strongly suspected, but not yet proved is that ''P'' is a proper subset of ''NP'',  ''P'' &lt;math&gt;\subset
&lt;/math&gt; ''NP.'' Despite suspicions to the contrary, you will hear that demonstrating that ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP'' (or P &lt;math&gt;\neq&lt;/math&gt; NP) is one of the biggest open problems in computational theory. In light of all this, we will call a problem intractable if it is in ''NP'', and not known to be in ''P''.

==== The Satisfiability Problem is NP ====
The TSP is one example of an ''NP'' problem that is not known to be in ''P''. A second, and especially important example of an ''NP'' problem, which is not known to be in ''P'', is satisfiability, or SAT for short.

The SAT problem is

* Given: a Boolean expression over ''n'' variables, say in conjunctive normal form
* Find: an assignment of truth values to all ''n'' variables such that the entire expression is true.

For example, say we are given  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).

Since there are 4 variables, x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; through x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, this is called a 4-SAT problem. There are 2&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; combinations of assignments to the four variables. An assignment that renders the entire expression true is x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = false, x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = true, x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = false: (¬false ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ ¬true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬false ⋁ ¬true ⋁ false) = (true ⋁ true ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( false ⋁ false ⋁ true) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (true ⋁ false ⋁ false). Since there is at least one assignment that renders the entire expression true, the expression is ''satisfiable''. If all assignments led to a true expression, then the expression would be a ''tautology'', but that need not be the case for the expression  to be satisfiable.
[[File:SATisNP.png|left|thumb|'''Figure SATisNP:''' In the worst case the algorithm at top may need to iterate through the FOR loop 2&lt;sup&gt;n&lt;/sup&gt; times.]]
Consider this 2-SAT problem: (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;). There are 2&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; assignments. Confirm that none of the four assignments result in the entire expression being true. This expression in ''unsatisfiable'' (aka the expression is a ''contradiction'').
[[File:SAThillclimbing.png|thumb|'''Figure SAThillclimbing:''' Max_restarts and Max_tweeks are set by the user. &quot;Tweeks&quot; are small changes to truth assignment, such as flipping the truth value of one variable (e.g., flip the value of x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; from true to false). When this algorithm answers 'no' it will only be correct  with some probability since the procedure will typically stop short of examining all possible assignments. Nonetheless, enough assignments will have been examined  typically to insure high probability of correctness in the 'no' case (and certainty of correctness in the 'yes' case).]]
SAT is ''NP'' because there are an exponential number of possible solutions, 2&lt;sup&gt;''n''&lt;/sup&gt;, for ''n'' variables, but each solution is size ''n.'' In the worst case, an algorithm like that shown in '''Figure SATisNP''', might have to examine all the assignments, but in point of fact, it's not generally that bad. Even problems for which a solution is nondeterministic polynomial, and there is no known polynomial time solution, its very often the case that answers can be found quickly. The SATisfiability problem is ''NP'', but a very simple procedure that works well in practice is hill-climbing in search of a value assignment that makes an entire Boolean expression true. In this approach, a solution is guessed randomly, checked for satisfaction of the expression, and revised or simply guessed again. Details of a procedure are shown in '''Figure SAThillclimbing'''. Hill climbing, btw, is a popular greedy search procedure that is used in many experimentally-oriented fields, like AI, which are often fast and yield satisfactory results. In general, hill-climbing is one of many ways of effectively dealing with intractability in practice.

==== Deterministic Polynomial Time Reductions ====
We have previously studied reductions of a language/problem Q to a language/problem R. Recall that if we say Q reduces to R then if we have a solution for R we can use it to create a solution for Q; R is at least as hard as Q (else a solution for R would not assure a solution for Q). As one implication of this hardness observation, to show that R has a certain hardness characteristic (i.e., undecidability, intractability), or something “worse”, then show a correct reduction from a procedure that we know has that hardness characteristic to R. Previously, this hardness characteristic was undecidability. Now, it can be intractability too.

We know that SATisfiability is in ''NP'' (with no known solution in ''P'') – we constructed an algorithm for it that was clearly ''NP'' in '''Figure SATisNP'''. We can reduce SAT to another problem, say ''solving simultaneous integer linear inequalities'', thereby showing that this latter problem is &quot;at least&quot; ''NP''.  Consider the earlier SAT problem:  (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; ( x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; (¬x&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ ¬x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ⋁ x&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). This is easily translated to an integer linear program (ILP) by replacing each Boolean variable x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with an integer variable t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and replacing each negated variable ¬x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; with (1 - t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;). That's the reduction! So, the example SAT problem becomes the ILP:

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) &gt;= 1

(1-t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) + (1-t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) + t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;= 1

A solution to this ILP is

t&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

t&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; = 1

t&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; = 0

which can be mapped to a solution to the SAT problem, again through an easy substitution: x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = false iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 0, and x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = true iff t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; = 1. Confirm the correctness of this substitution to the SAT problem. The significance of all this is, again, that an algorithm for solving the ILP can be adapted to solving SAT. Moreover, the adaptation of the solution is easy in this case -- its O(''n''), where ''n'' is the number of source variables t&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and also number of target variables x&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;. So, if we should ever find an efficient, deterministic polynomial time algorithm, O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;), for solving ILPs, we will have a polyomial time algorithm for solving SAT, since O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) + O(''n'') = O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)!

In general, to the idea of reduction, we add a constraint that in cases where we care about algorithm complexity, the reduction must be polynomial in time using a deterministic algorithm, so that if efficient polynomial time algorithms are found for what are currently regarded as intractable problems, the cost of adapting the more efficient solutions to still other problems does not push the adaptation back into intractable territory.

In the case of SAT and ILP, we have a deterministic polynomial time (i.e., O(n)) reduction from SAT to ILP. Confirm that we can also construct a deterministic polynomial time reduction from ILP to SAT (also of deterministic O(n) time). So these problems are of comparable complexity. This need not always be the case, and in general the reduction in one direction may be more costly than the other direction, but still O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) for it to be a deterministic polynomial time reduction.

==== NP Completeness ====
A problem Q is ''NP hard'' if every problem in ''NP'' deterministically polynomial reduces to Q (i.e., Q is at least as hard as every NP problem). Moreover, if (1) Q is also in the class ''NP'', and (2) every problem in ''NP'' deterministic polynomial reduces to Q,  then Q is said to be ''NP complete''. Note that there are two conditions, as just stated, that have to be satisfied for a problem to be ''NP complete''.

So that this is concrete, let’s say that Q is SAT. If we can show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT, then that says that a solution to SAT can be adapted to solve every other ''NP'' problem as well. And moreover, because the reductions from all ''NP'' problems to SAT will be polynomial time reductions, then if an efficient deterministic polynomial time solution is ever found for SAT (i.e., if SAT &lt;math&gt;\in&lt;/math&gt; P), then every problem in ''NP'' can be solved in deterministic polynomial time, and ''P'' &lt;math&gt;=&lt;/math&gt; ''NP''. That's significant!

But how do we show that every problem in ''NP'' reduces to SAT in polynomial time? There are an infinite number of problems/languages in ''NP'' !

We know that every problem in ''NP'' is solved by a non-deterministic Turing Machine that always halts, and we can express a &quot;generic&quot; NDTM for any ''NP'' problem in terms of SAT. This is one insight of Cook's Theorem.

===== Cook's Theorem =====
''Cook’s Theorem'' says that every problem in ''NP'' (i.e., a question of membership of an input ''w'' in the language of any non-deterministic Turing Machine, ''NTM'', assured of halting) can be deterministically polynomial-time reduced to SAT (i.e., a question of whether a Boolean expression is satisfiable).

How can we reduce ''&lt;NTM, w&gt;'' to a Boolean expression, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, where E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; is judged satisfiable iff ''NTM'' accepts ''w''?

Any ''NP'' problem, by the definition of ''NP'', has paths of configurations or instantaneous  descriptions (i.e., solution or nonsolution paths) that are each O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) in length (i.e., a (non)solution is polynomial in the size of the input, ''n'' -- remember that this is why ''NP'' solutions are 'easy' to validate). Because each transition of NTM can move its read/write head at most cell on its tape, and can only write at most one symbol of its tape, the longest that a single instantaneous description (ID) can become is also O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) since there is a maximum of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) moves along any path of IDs by ''NTM''. Cook therefore posited a matrix of O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows, each an ID, and O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) columns, each corresponding to a tape cell in an ID. Thus, each cell of the matrix is an (ID, Tape Cell) pair. Moving down the rows correspond to making moves along a path of IDs, and making a change in a tape cell is the change to that cell in moving from one ID to the next. Without loss of generality, we assume that ''NTM''  uses a one-way infinite tape.
[[File:Cook'sThmMatrixOverview.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix:''' A O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix that is a schema for all possible trajectories of a nonderministic TM that represents an NP language, on an input of length ''n''.]]
The size of this matrix is O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) = O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) as shown in '''Figure Cook'sThmMatrix'''.

Importantly, this matrix is strictly a theoretical construct, important because it puts bounds on the size of the problem to be reduced. The matrix does not represent an actual run of ''NTM'' along any one path -- it couldn't because if running ''NTM'' were part of the reduction, then the reduction would not necessaily be deterministic polynomial time! Rather, the matrix is a schema that represents the totality of the set of possible paths that can be pursued by ''NTM'' on ''w'', just as the reduction to E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; will imply the set of of possible n-tuple truth value assignments to the ''n'' variables of the E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;. Also, recognize that the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) &lt;math&gt;\times&lt;/math&gt; O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) matrix is an upperbound on the dimensions of a possible path followed by ''NTM''. Some problems will require fewer rows/IDs than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) and/or fewer tape cells in an ID than O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;). But for convenience of demonstration, we think of the upperbounds as the actual dimensions, and we assume that every row is filled with blanks of unused rightmost tape cells within an ID up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on columns, and we assume that the row/ID corresponding to entering an accepting state is duplicated up to the O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) limit on rows.

Ask yourself, if you were given the definition of ''NTM'', and an input ''w'', how would you confirm that an arbitrary matrix of IDs, as described above, followed from the ''NTM'' definition and that ''NTM'' accepted ''w''.

Your procedure for analyzing a matrix would necessarily have to look at the following:

# Does the first row/ID of the matrix correspond to the initial ID, that is to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks?
# Does the last row/ID of the matrix indicate that the NTM state is an accepting state, and if so this indicates acceptance, and non-acceptance otherwise?
# For each pair of consecutive rows/IDs, does the second of the pair follow from the first given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;?

You could define this as an automated procedure for taking ''NTM'' and ''w'', and you could embed this in a loop to look at all possible matrices. If any one of those matrices indicated acceptance of the input, then your procedure would indicate that ''NTM'' accepted ''w'', and if all matrices corresponded to non-acceptance, then your procedure would reject ''w'' as a member of L(''NTM'').

Presumably you recognize the analog between determining whether one of many ''NTM'' paths accepts and determining whether one assignment of truth values satisfies a Boolean expression. So, lets convert the algorithm into a SAT problem, E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt;, which you can think of a &quot;logic program&quot; for those who have used Prolog or another logic programming language.
[[File:Cook'sInitialConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions:''' A Boolean subexpression representing initial conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 1:'' To translate step 1 above into a Boolean subexpression, the first row/ID of the matrix corresponds to ''NTM'' being in its start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;, and ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s read/write head being at the left end of the input ''w,'' followed by blanks. Introduce Boolean variables corresponding to the following

* One Boolean condition is that the current state of ID 0 is the start state, q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;.
* One Boolean condition is that the read/write head of ID 0 is at tape location 0.
* For each of the symbols in the input, w, from i = 0 to i = &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;—1, create a Boolean condition that the value of the ith tape cell in ID 0 is the ith symbol of ''w''.
* For each of the tape locations in ID 0 from &lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt;w&lt;math&gt;\mid&lt;/math&gt; to the end (i.e., O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;)) create a Boolean condition that the value of the cell location is the blank.

''Conjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sInitialConditions'''. Note that the cost of creating this subexpression is linear relative to the input size, &lt;math&gt;\mid w \mid&lt;/math&gt; = O(''n'').
[[File:Cook'sFinalConditions.png|left|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions:''' Boolean subexpression representing the final conditions that must be satisfied in a valid solution path by an NTM accepting w.]]
''Step 2'': To translate step 2 into a Boolean subexpression, that the last row/ID of the matrix indicates that the NTM state is an accepting state,

* For each accepting state in ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s definition, create a Boolean variable that reflects whether the current state of the last ID in row O(n&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;) is that accepting state.

''Disjoin'' these Boolean variables into one Boolean subexpression. Call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt;. This is illustrated in '''Figure Cook'sFinalConditions'''. Note that this subexpression does not depend on a particular w, and the cost of creating this subexpression is therefore constant time relative to the input size, O(1).
[[File:Cook'sIntermediateConditions.png|thumb|'''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions:''' Each transition, such as that for &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) in red, may have more than one outcome in a nondeterministic TM; of the two possible outcomes in the figure, one is reflected in the matrix, in green, and one is not reflected, in purple.]]
''Step 3'': To translate step 3, that for each pair of consecutive rows/IDs,  the second of the pair should be immediately obtainable from the first of the pair given the definition of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s transitions, &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. The subexpression that we write should specify conditions that must apply to each row/ID of the matrix (and its successor row/ID), except the last row, starting with row/ID 0.

The translation requires going through the transitions of ''NTM''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'s &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt; functions and composing subexpressions for each. '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' illustrates the translation of one transition for (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a). For each possible outcome, say  (q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, b, R) for example, becomes a set of conjoined conditions,  (cs&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt;= q&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; ∧ Loc&lt;sub&gt;k+1&lt;/sub&gt; = j+1 ∧ Z&lt;sub&gt;k+1,j&lt;/sub&gt; = b). This must be repeated for each possible outcome of (q&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a) listed in the transitions' function, as well as for each entry &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;(State, Input Symbol) pair listed in &lt;math&gt;\delta&lt;/math&gt;. In the blue, the Figure additionally shows that for all cells other than the one under the read/write head, the values will remain the same between ID k and ID k+1.

Given what we have said so far, we would then have a general Boolean expression, of which '''Figure Cook'sIntermediateConditions''' only shows a small part, that stated conditions necessary to the validity between an ID k to ID k+1. Given a matrix we could then loop through the consecutive IDs and check them against this Boolean expression. But to fully reduce to SAT, we cannot use explicit looping, but must explicitely replicate the Boolean expression for each value of k, from ID 0 to the penultimate ID/row.

While the process of building the subexpression does not directly depend on a particular word, w, the number of terms we must write in the subexpression, call it E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt; depends on the size of ''w'', i.e., the size of the matrix, O(''n''&lt;sup&gt;2p&lt;/sup&gt;).

Taking Steps 1-3 together, the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem can be written as

* E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w&lt;/sub&gt; = E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,w,initial&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,accepting&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\bigwedge&lt;/math&gt; E&lt;sub&gt;NTM,|w|,intermediate&lt;/sub&gt;

There are factors that have not been directly addressed here, notably

* that rows after entering an accepting state can simply repeat in order to fill up to O(n&lt;sup&gt;p&lt;/sup&gt;) rows;
* that situations when the location of the R/W head is the leftmost location (i.e., so that there is no j-1 location) or rightmost cell (i.e., when there is no j+1 location);
* that there must be exactly one value (tape symbol) for each cell in the matrix, which precludes impossible states that could otherwise be considered by a SAT solver.

While important to the formal proof, these further details aren't needed to appreciate the genius of Cook's theorem, and for that matter the genius of conceiving of the concept of ''NP complete''ness generally. While the Boolean expression representing the SAT problem corresponding to an arbitrary ''NP'' problem is long and involved, it is so because it is general to an infinite number of NP problems. As we saw in relation to ILP and SAT, polynomial reductions between two specific problems are often much simpler.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating that SAT is ''NP complete'' is that if it is discovered that SAT has a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then all ''NP'' problems have a polynomial time solution, if by no other means than using SAT as a subroutine, and thus ''P'' = ''NP''.

===== Other NP Complete Problems =====
Knowing that SAT is NP complete, we can now show that other ''NP'' problems are ''NP complete'' by polynomial reducing SAT to these other problems. You’ll see that we are essentially reducing both ways. Cook’s theorem polynomial reduced from every ''NP'' problem to SAT, indicating that SAT was at least as hard as any other ''NP'' problem. This is illustrated in '''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT'''. And now, by polynomial reducing SAT is another ''NP'' problem, we are showing that the other problem is at least as hard as SAT. For example, we already showed that SAT polynomial reduces to ILP. With both directions of reduction demonstrated, we can say that the other problem (e.g., ILP) is comparable to SAT in complexity – it too is ''NP'' complete. In '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''', assume that ILP is L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; in row (1) column (a), and the two-way arrow indicates that SAT polynomial reduces to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, and vice versa. Since L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; has now been shown to be ''NP complete'', all ''NP'' problems reduce to L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; as well, as shown in row (1) column (b).
[[File:AllNPsReducedSAT.png|left|thumb|'''Figure AllNPsReducedtoSAT:''' Cook's theorem shows that all ''NP'' problems polynomial reduced to SAT. Thus SAT is ''NP hard''; all ''NP'' problems can use a procedure for solving SAT as a subroutine. And because SAT is itself ''NP'', SAT is ''NP complete''.]]
One important point to emphasize is that the other problem, L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt;, can now be used in subsequent reductions to show that still other problems are ''NP complete'', since the demonstrations of equivalent complexity are transitive. Furthermore, as illustrated in row (2) of '''Figure ExtendingNPComplete''' we can take another problem in ''NP'', say Lj, and by showing that L&lt;sub&gt;k&lt;/sub&gt; reduces to Lj we have shown that every ''NP'' problem reduces to Lj as well, and so Lj is NP complete.
[[File:ExtendingNPcomplete.png|thumb|'''Figure ExtendingNPComplete:''' An explanation for expanding the known NP complete problems, as illustrated in this figure, is given in the main text.]]
By now a large number of problems have been shown to be ''NP complete''. A question that you might be asking yourself is whether there is any problem in ''NP'' (and not known to be in ''P'') that is not ''NP complete''? Or not known to be ''NP complete''? See the exercises on these questions.

Again, one consequence of demonstrating a large class of ''NP'' ''complete'' problems that are equivalent in terms of complexity is that if any one of them turns out to have a deterministic polynomial time solution, and thus a member of ''P'', then they all have a deterministic polynomial time solution and ''P = NP''.

=== Space Complexity ===

=== Learnability Theory ===
Leslie Valiant,  Probably Approximately Correct: Nature's Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, pp. 76-81

== Properties of Recursively Enumerable (or Unrestricted) Languages ==
The RE languages are the broadest class of languages that we will address, and the class of RE languages includes all other language classes that we have considered -- recursive languages, CSLs, CFLs, DCFLs, and regular languages. The RE languages are equivalently defined by unrestricted (Type 0) grammars and by TMs that may not halt on their input in the case where that input is not a member of the language defined by the TM.

We will start with the closure properties of RE languages, then talk about the inherent undecidability of other decision questions of RE languages. Because membership in RE languages that are not also recursive is undecidable, and therefore are not implementable by algorithms, we don't include issues of algorithmic runtime or space efficiency in this section.

=== Closure Properties of RE languages ===
The RE (aka unrestricted) languages are closed under

* Union
* Intersection
* Concatenation
* Repetition or Kleene Closure
* Substitution

However, the RE languages are not closed under Complement.

==== The RE languages are closed under Union ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cup&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under union.

==== The RE languages are closed under Intersection ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under intersection.

==== The RE languages are closed under Concatenation ====
If L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language and L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a RE language, then L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;L&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that the RE languages are closed under concatenation.

==== The RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure ====
If L is a RE language, then L* is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by L* that the RE languages are closed under Kleene Closure.

==== The RE languages are closed under Substitution ====
If L is a RE language and for each symbol, x&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt;, in the alphabet of L there is an associated RE language, then Subst(L) is RE. It is left as an exercise to show by construction of an unrestricted grammar or a TM for the language represented by Subst(L) that the RE languages are closed under substitution.

==== The RE languages are ''not'' closed under Complement ====
If L is a RE language then its complement, &lt;math&gt;\bar{L}&lt;/math&gt;, is not necessarily RE. We can show this by example of an RE language with a complement that is definitely not RE. We have already given such an example earlier in the text. Its left as an exercise to find and understand the example.

=== Decision Properties of RE languages ===
We covered decidability and undecidability of selected computational problems, notably questions on the membership in recursively enumerable languages. The universal language, which we re-expressed as the halting problem (i.e., will the universal Turing machine always halt on its input) is undecidable (because M&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; may not halt when its argument TM does not accept its input).

In general, undecidability can signify one of two conditions. Membership in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;, for example, is undecidable in one sense, which is failure to say no and halt if a string is not in L&lt;sub&gt;u&lt;/sub&gt;. More broadly though undecidability could mean failure to answer at all and halt 'yes' cases and/or 'no' cases. This second, broader notion of undecidability would relate to languages outside of RE, so we don't deal with it here. We restrict ourselves to undecidability in the former case -- the 'no' case -- as relates to the RE languages.

==== Rice's Theorem ====
A yes/no question of the RE languages is ''trivial'' if the correct answer is either 'yes' in all cases (i.e., its a property of all the RE languages) or its 'no' in the case of all RE languages. Otherwise, its a ''non-trivial'' question or property. For example, the question of whether a given RE language is a regular language is a non-trivial question/property of the RE languages, since some RE languages are regular and some are not.

Rice's Theorem says that every non-trivial question of the RE languages is undecidable.

Suppose we have a yes/no question Q about the RE languages. Then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of RE languages for which Q=yes. Continuing our earlier example, if Q is &quot;Is this language a regular language?&quot; then L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is the set of regular languages. In fact, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be viewed as a language of languages, where you'll recall that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; can be represented finitely by an automaton or grammar, and that each such finite representation can be expressed as a (binary) string. Because the questions Q vary widely, we'll always assume that each language in L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; is a binary string representing a TM, regardless of whether it miight  be represented in some other fashion (e.g., as a FA). Its also common to refer to L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; as a property -- e.g., every member of L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; has the property of being a regular language.

To phrase things differently, a non-trivial property, L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt;, of the RE

* is one for which { } &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\subset&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt;, where L&lt;sub&gt;RE&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all TMs (i.e., the RE languages);
* L&lt;sub&gt;Q&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;math&gt;\cap&lt;/math&gt; L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; = { }, where L&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; is the language of binary encodings for all always-halting TMs (i.e., the recursive languages);

•Regardless of non-trivial P, '''reduce L&lt;sub&gt;U&lt;/sub&gt; (the Universal Language aka the Halting Problem, known undecidable) to L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt;''', thus showing a contradiction with assumption that L&lt;sub&gt;P&lt;/sub&gt; is decidable.

Rice’s Theorem implies an infinite number of undecidable properties for recursively enumerable languages, and it does it in one fell swoop. Rice’s Theorem tells us that for sufficiently expressive languages undecidability is the norm rather than the exception.

Of the problems implied by Rice’s Theorem to be undecidable, there are different kinds. Its undecidable whether a TM accepts the empty set, or a non-empty set. Given intuitions about complementation, we might think of these questions as essentially the same, but in fact when dealing with RE languages that are not recursive our intuitions regarding complement may be misleading. In the case of the question of whether an arbitrary TM accepts the empty language is not RE – its ''not'' a property that can be tested by any TM. Whereas, the question of whether a TM accepts a non-empty language is RE (but not recursive).

=== Expanding the Classes of Languages ===
Any characteristic defines a set of languages for which the characteristic is true of all members. Any question defines a set of languages for which the answer to the question is 'yes'.

== Exercises, Projects, and Discussions ==
'''RL Props Exercise 1:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', draw a visualization of the construction, choosing a way of visually representing the component DFAs in the construction, as well as the constructed NFA. Why do this exercise? Because many learners are visual learners, and undoubtedly all learners benefit from some visualization, be it mental imagery or manifest on 'paper'. An important skill for many or most in CS generally is an ability to visualize algorithms and data structures. This will undoubtedly continue to be a desirable skill even as AIs take over much of the software development burdon. As an aside, if you are interested in societal benefits of your efforts, consider and potentially act on the creation of educational materials in CS for the blind and hard of sight.

'''RL Props Exercise 2:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular expressions.

'''RL Props Exercise 3:''' For each of the constructions described under Regular Languages are closed under '''Union''', '''Concatenation''', '''Kleene Closure''', and '''Substitution''', give alternative arguments using regular grammars.

'''RL Props Exercise 4:''' Regular expressions were defined in terms of three operations -- concatenation, choice, and Kleene closure. Expand regular expressions based on closure properties for regular languages. The intent is not that you increase the representational power of REs, but that the expansion provides syntactic convenience and comprehensibility.

'''RL Props Exercise 5:''' Show that the regular languages are closed under reversal. That is, if L is a regular language then L&lt;sup&gt;R&lt;/sup&gt; is a regular language.

'''CFL Exercise 1:''' Show that the CFLs are ''not'' closed under intersection.

'''Project 1:''' Investigate the properties of the class of inherently ambiguous CFLs.

'''Project 2:''' Investigate NP problems that are not ''NP complete'', or not known to be ''NP complete''. Are there any such problems?

'''Project 3:''' Investigate superpolynmial algorithms that are subexponential.

'''Project 4:''' Investigate Closure properties of P, NP, and NP complete problems

'''Exercise RecursiveSubstition1:''' Give a demonstration that if you are given a recursive language R, and each symbol in R’s alphabet corresponds to a recursive language too, then the language that results from applying the substitution to R is not necessarily recursive.

'''Exercises (Closure Properties of RE languages)''' For each of the subsections above, demonstrate the truth value of the closure property as described.

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>7r5ynffyqg4pgbnp2hmf6gyf498ayud</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A-level Computing/AQA/Paper 1/Skeleton program/2025</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>469216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448789</id>
      <parentid>4448666</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T13:52:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>46.60.253.180</ip>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4448789</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38259" sha1="mg05ynoosi9g8awd96xmhbx8mj826um" xml:space="preserve">== Section D Predictions ==

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snas. undertal

The 2023 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 10 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for th coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 14 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark question, a 5 mark question, two 9 mark questions, and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s).

The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark question, three 6 mark questions, and one 12 mark question.

{{BookCat}} Current questions are speculation by contributors to this page.

'''1) Using each number more than once but no repeats within the 5 given?'''
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - DM - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

C# KN - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}Edit &lt;code&gt;FillNumbers()&lt;/code&gt; to add a selection (if) statement to ensure that the number returned from &lt;code&gt;GetNumber()&lt;/code&gt; has not already been appended to the list &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber):
    if TrainingGame:
        return [2, 3, 2, 8, 512]
    else:
        while len(NumbersAllowed) &lt; 5:
            NewNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber)
            if NewNumber not in NumbersAllowed:
                NumbersAllowed.append(NewNumber)
            else: continue
        return NumbersAllowed
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Edit &lt;code&gt;CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; to ensure that numbers that the user has inputted are not removed from the &lt;code&gt;Temp&lt;/code&gt; list, allowing numbers to be re-used.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
    Temp = []
    for Item in NumbersAllowed:
        Temp.append(Item)
    for Item in UserInputInRPN:
        if CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber):
            if int(Item) in Temp:
                continue
            else:
                return False            
    return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''2)''' '''Update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - KH &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put remove spaces under user input
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
I doubt this will be a question because it could be resolved in a couple of lines

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''3) Add exponentials (using ^ or similar)'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - Unknown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
{
    // CHANGE START
    return Regex.IsMatch(UserInput, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
    // CHANGE END
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswer|}} In  ConvertToRPN() add the ^ to the list of operators and give it the highest precedence
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown 
static List&lt;string&gt; ConvertToRPN(string UserInput)
{
    int Position = 0;
    Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; Precedence = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;
    {
        // CHANGE START
        { &quot;+&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;-&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;*&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;/&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;^&quot;, 5 }
        // CHANGE END
    };
    List&lt;string&gt; Operators = new List&lt;string&gt;();

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In EvaluateRPN() add the check to see if the current user input contains the ^, and make it evaluate the exponential if it does&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

static int EvaluateRPN(List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN)
{
    List&lt;string&gt; S = new List&lt;string&gt;();
    while (UserInputInRPN.Count &gt; 0)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        while (!&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(UserInputInRPN[0]))
        // CHANGE END
        {
            S.Add(UserInputInRPN[0]);
            UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        }
        double Num2 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Num1 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Result = 0;
        switch (UserInputInRPN[0])
        {
            case &quot;+&quot;:
                Result = Num1 + Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;-&quot;:
                Result = Num1 - Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;*&quot;:
                Result = Num1 * Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;/&quot;:
                Result = Num1 / Num2;
                break;
            // CHANGE START
            case &quot;^&quot;:
                Result = Math.Pow(Num1, Num2);
                break;
            // CHANGE END
        }
        UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        S.Add(Convert.ToString(Result));
    }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def ConvertToRPN(UserInput):
    Position = 0
    Precedence = {&quot;+&quot;: 2, &quot;-&quot;: 2, &quot;*&quot;: 4, &quot;/&quot;: 4, &quot;^&quot;: 5} # Add exponent value to dictionary
    Operators = []

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def EvaluateRPN(UserInputInRPN):
    S = []
    while len(UserInputInRPN) &gt; 0:
        while UserInputInRPN[0] not in [&quot;+&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;*&quot;, &quot;/&quot;, &quot;^&quot;]: # Define ^ as a valid operator
            S.append(UserInputInRPN[0])
            UserInputInRPN.pop(0)        
        Num2 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Num1 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Result = 0.0
        if UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;+&quot;:
            Result = Num1 + Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;-&quot;:
            Result = Num1 - Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;*&quot;:
            Result = Num1 * Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;/&quot;:
            Result = Num1 / Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;^&quot;:
            Result = Num1 ** Num2
        UserInputInRPN.pop(0)
        S.append(str(Result))       
    if float(S[0]) - math.floor(float(S[0])) == 0.0:
        return math.floor(float(S[0]))
    else:
        return -1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
    if re.search(&quot;^([0-9]+[\\+\\-\\*\\/\\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;, UserInput) is not None: # Add the operator here to make sure its recognized when the RPN is searched, otherwise it wouldn't be identified correctly.
        return True
    else:
        return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''4) Allow the user to include brackets for their own order of operations.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length)
{
               char CurrentChar = UserInput[Position];
               if (char.IsDigit(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string Number = &quot;&quot;;
                   while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length &amp;&amp; char.IsDigit(UserInput[Position]))
                   {
                       Number += UserInput[Position];
                       Position++;
                   }
                   UserInputInRPN.Add(Number);
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == '(')
               {
                   Operators.Add(&quot;(&quot;);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == ')')
               {
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot;)
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string CurrentOperator = CurrentChar.ToString();
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot; &amp;&amp; Precedence[Operators[Operators.Count - 1]] &gt;= Precedence[CurrentOperator])
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.Add(CurrentOperator);
                   Position++;
               }
           }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

5)Implement a Postfix game mode which takes the user's input in RPN instead of infix. 

6) Do not advance the target list forward for invalid entries, instead inform the user the entry was invalid and prompt them for a new one.

7) Implement a menu where the user can start a new game or quit their current game.

8) The program does not end even when 'Game Over' message is displayed. Ensure the program ends when the game is over.

9) Program does not stop after 'Game Over!' with no way for the user to exit.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(Targets, NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxTarget, MaxNumber):
    Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    while not GameOver:
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score)
        UserInput = input(&quot;Enter an expression (+, -, *, /, ^) : &quot;)
        print()
        if CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput)
            if CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
                IsTarget, Score = CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, Score)
                if IsTarget:
                    NumbersAllowed = RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed)
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber)
        Score -= 1
        if Targets[0] != -1:
            GameOver = True
        else:
            Targets = UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget)        
    print(&quot;Game over!&quot;)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    
    playAgain = input(&quot;Would you like to play again? (y/n)&quot;)
    
    if playAgain == &quot;y&quot;:
        Main() # Allows for the user to retry if they wanted.
    else:
        quit() # Ends the program with the code 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
10) Practice game - only generates 119 as new targets.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
The way that it is currently appending new targets to the list is just by re-appending the value on the end of the original list
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang = &quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start = &quot;1&quot;&gt;
        Targets = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43, 23, 119]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So by adding the PredefinedTargets list to the program, it will randomly pick one of those targets, rather than re-appending 119.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget):
    for Count in range (0, len(Targets) - 1):
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1]
    Targets.pop()
    if TrainingGame:
        PredefinedTargets = [23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43] # Updated list that is randomly picked from by using the random.choice function from the random library
        Targets.append(random.choice(PredefinedTargets))
    else:
        Targets.append(GetTarget(MaxTarget))
    return Targets
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
11) Give the user a single-use ability to generate a new set of allowable numbers

12) Allow the user to input and work with negative numbers

13) Allow the user to quit the game.

14) Increase the score with a bonus equal to the quantity of allowable numbers used in a qualifying expression.

15) Implement a multiplicative score bonus for each priority (first number in the target list) number completed sequentially.

16) If the user creates a qualifying expression which uses all the allowable numbers, grant the user a special reward ability (one use until unlocked again) to allow the user to enter any number of choice and this value will be removed from the target list.

'''17) Add an item that lets you clear any target.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

Console.WriteLine(&quot;Do you want to remove a target?&quot;);
               UserInput1 = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
               if (UserInput1 == &quot;YES&quot;)
               {
                   if (Score &gt;= 10)
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;What number?&quot;);
                       UserInput3 = Console.Read();
                       Score = Score - 10;


                   }
                   else
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;You do not have enough points&quot;);
                       Console.ReadKey();
                   }
               }
               else if (UserInput1 == &quot;NO&quot;)
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(&quot;You selected NO&quot;);
               }
               Score--;
               if (Targets[0] != -1)
               {
                   GameOver = true;
               }
               else
               {
                   UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_____________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static bool RemoveTarget(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, string Userinput)
        {
            bool removed = false;
            int targetremove = int.Parse(Userinput);
            for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
            {
                if(targetremove == Targets[Count])
                {
                    removed = true;
                    Targets.RemoveAt(Count);
                }

            }
            if (!removed)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;invalid target&quot;);
                return (false);
            }
            return (true);
        }


 while (!GameOver)
            {
                DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
                Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
                UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(UserInput);
                Console.ReadKey();
                Console.WriteLine();
                if(UserInput.ToUpper() == &quot;R&quot;)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the target&quot;);
                    UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                    if(RemoveTarget(Targets, UserInput))
                    {
                        Score -= 5;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
                    {
                        UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
                        if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
                        {
                            if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                            {
                                RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                                NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Score--;
                }
              
                if (Targets[0] != -1)
                {
                    GameOver = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
            DisplayScore(Score);
        }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''18) Allowed numbers don’t have any duplicate numbers, and can be used multiple times'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''19) update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put RemoveSpaces() under user input.


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
A shorter way

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static string RemoveSpaces2(string UserInput)
{
    string newString = &quot;&quot;;
    foreach (char c in UserInput)
    {
        if (c != ' ')
        {
            newString += c;
        }
    }

    return newString;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also don’t forget to add a call to it around line 58
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void PlayGame(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget, int MaxNumber)
{
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        // Add remove spaces func here
        UserInput = RemoveSpaces2(UserInput);
        Console.WriteLine();
        ...

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Alternative shorter solution:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''20) Hard mode where the same target cant appear twice.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also, at line 355 update CreateTargets:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''21) Once a target is cleared, prevent it from being generated again.''' 

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
internal class Program
    {
        static Random RGen = new Random();
        // CHANGE START
        static List&lt;int&gt; TargetsUsed = new List&lt;int&gt;();
        // CHANGE END
        ...


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

Next create these new functions at the bottom:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE START
static bool CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(int MaxNumber)
{
    if (TargetsUsed.Count &gt;= MaxNumber)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

static bool CheckAllTargetsCleared(List&lt;int&gt; Targets)
{
    bool allCleared = true;
    foreach (int i in Targets)
    {
        if (i != -1)
        {
            allCleared = false;
        }
    }

    return allCleared;
}
// CHANGE END


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Update CreateTargets (line 366) and UpdateTargets (line 126) so that they check if the generated number is in the TargetsUsed list we made
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
            
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int SelectedTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        Targets.Add(SelectedTarget);
        if (!TargetsUsed.Contains(SelectedTarget))
        {
            TargetsUsed.Add(SelectedTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}


static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        if (TargetsUsed.Count == MaxTarget)
        {
            Targets.Add(-1);
            return;
        }
        int ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (TargetsUsed.Contains(ChosenTarget))
        {
            ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);    
        }
        Targets.Add(ChosenTarget);
        TargetsUsed.Add(ChosenTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Finally in the main game loop (line 57) you should add the check to make sure that the user has cleared every possible number 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
        if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
        {
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
            if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
            {
                if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                {
                    RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                }
            }
        }
        Score--;
        // CHANGE START
        if (Targets[0] != -1 || (CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(MaxNumber) &amp;&amp; CheckAllTargetsCleared(Targets)))
        {
            GameOver = true;
        }
        else
        {
            UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
    DisplayScore(Score);


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''22) When a target is cleared, put a £ symbol in its position in the target list. When the £ symbol reaches the end of the tracker, increase the score by 1.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''23) Implement a victory condition which allows the player to win the game by achieving a certain score. Allow the user to pick difficulty, e.g. easy (10), normal (20), hard (40).'''

'''24) Shotgun. If an expression exactly evaluates to a target, the score is increased by 3 and remove the target as normal. If an evaluation is within 1 of the target, the score is increased by 1 and remove those targets too.'''

'''25) Every time the user inputs an expression, shuffle the current position of all targets (cannot push a number closer to the end though).'''

'''26) Speed Demon. Implement a mode where the target list moves a number of places equal to the current player score. Instead of ending the game when a target gets to the end of the tracker, subtract 1 from their score. If their score ever goes negative, the player loses.'''

'''27) Allow the user to save the current state of the game using a text file and implement the ability to load up a game when they begin the program.'''

'''28) Multiple of X. The program should randomly generate a number each turn, e.g. 3 and if the user creates an expression which removes a target which is a multiple of that number, give them a bonus of their score equal to the multiple (in this case, 3 extra score).'''

'''29) Validate a user's entry to confirm their choice before accepting an expression.'''

'''30) Prime time punch. If the completed target was a prime number, destroy the targets on either side of the prime number (count them as scored).'''

'''31) make the program object oriented'''

'''32) do not use reverse polish notation'''

'''33) Allow the user to specify the highest number within the five &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.'''

'''34) Allow the user to save and reload the game.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}This solution focuses on logging all values that had been printed the previous game, overwriting the score, and then continuing the game as before. A game log can be saved, reloaded and then continued before being saved again without loss of data.

Add selection (&lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;) statement at the top of &lt;code&gt;PlayGame()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for user to input desired action
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    if (input(&quot;Load last saved game? (y/n): &quot;).lower() == &quot;y&quot;):
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as f:
            lines = []
            for line in f:
                lines.append(line)
                print(line)
            Score = re.search(r'\d+', lines[-2])
    else:
        open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, 'w').close()
    while not GameOver:
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Change &lt;code&gt;DisplayScore()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DisplayNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DisplayTargets()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for the values to be returned instead of being printed.

&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayScore(Score):
    output = str(&quot;Current score: &quot; + str(Score))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed):
    list_of_numbers = []
    for N in NumbersAllowed:
        list_of_numbers.append((str(N) + &quot;  &quot;))
    output = str(&quot;Numbers available: &quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_numbers))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayTargets(Targets):
    list_of_targets = []
    for T in Targets:
        if T == -1:
            list_of_targets.append(&quot; &quot;)
        else:
            list_of_targets.append(str(T))
        list_of_targets.append(&quot;|&quot;)
    output = str(&quot;|&quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_targets))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Print returned values, as well as appending to the save file.
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score):
    DisplayTargets(Targets)
    DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    try:
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;a&quot;) as f:
            f.write(DisplayTargets(Targets) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayScore(Score) + &quot;\n\n&quot;)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f&quot;There was an exception: {e}&quot;)
&lt;/syntaxhighlighting&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>mg05ynoosi9g8awd96xmhbx8mj826um</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448790</id>
      <parentid>4448789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T13:55:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>46.60.253.180</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Section D Predictions */</comment>
      <origin>4448790</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36836" sha1="pepqd3konjcd8n528bowszbiyj2i8e0" xml:space="preserve">== Section D Predictions ==

sigma

The 2023 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 10 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for th coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 14 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark question, a 5 mark question, two 9 mark questions, and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s).

The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark question, three 6 mark questions, and one 12 mark question.

{{BookCat}} Current questions are speculation by contributors to this page.

'''1) Using each number more than once but no repeats within the 5 given?'''
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - DM - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

C# KN - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}Edit &lt;code&gt;FillNumbers()&lt;/code&gt; to add a selection (if) statement to ensure that the number returned from &lt;code&gt;GetNumber()&lt;/code&gt; has not already been appended to the list &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber):
    if TrainingGame:
        return [2, 3, 2, 8, 512]
    else:
        while len(NumbersAllowed) &lt; 5:
            NewNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber)
            if NewNumber not in NumbersAllowed:
                NumbersAllowed.append(NewNumber)
            else: continue
        return NumbersAllowed
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Edit &lt;code&gt;CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; to ensure that numbers that the user has inputted are not removed from the &lt;code&gt;Temp&lt;/code&gt; list, allowing numbers to be re-used.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
    Temp = []
    for Item in NumbersAllowed:
        Temp.append(Item)
    for Item in UserInputInRPN:
        if CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber):
            if int(Item) in Temp:
                continue
            else:
                return False            
    return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''2)''' '''Update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - KH &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put remove spaces under user input
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
I doubt this will be a question because it could be resolved in a couple of lines

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''3) Add exponentials (using ^ or similar)'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - Unknown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
{
    // CHANGE START
    return Regex.IsMatch(UserInput, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
    // CHANGE END
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswer|}} In  ConvertToRPN() add the ^ to the list of operators and give it the highest precedence
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown 
static List&lt;string&gt; ConvertToRPN(string UserInput)
{
    int Position = 0;
    Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; Precedence = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;
    {
        // CHANGE START
        { &quot;+&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;-&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;*&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;/&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;^&quot;, 5 }
        // CHANGE END
    };
    List&lt;string&gt; Operators = new List&lt;string&gt;();

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In EvaluateRPN() add the check to see if the current user input contains the ^, and make it evaluate the exponential if it does&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

static int EvaluateRPN(List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN)
{
    List&lt;string&gt; S = new List&lt;string&gt;();
    while (UserInputInRPN.Count &gt; 0)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        while (!&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(UserInputInRPN[0]))
        // CHANGE END
        {
            S.Add(UserInputInRPN[0]);
            UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        }
        double Num2 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Num1 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Result = 0;
        switch (UserInputInRPN[0])
        {
            case &quot;+&quot;:
                Result = Num1 + Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;-&quot;:
                Result = Num1 - Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;*&quot;:
                Result = Num1 * Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;/&quot;:
                Result = Num1 / Num2;
                break;
            // CHANGE START
            case &quot;^&quot;:
                Result = Math.Pow(Num1, Num2);
                break;
            // CHANGE END
        }
        UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        S.Add(Convert.ToString(Result));
    }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def ConvertToRPN(UserInput):
    Position = 0
    Precedence = {&quot;+&quot;: 2, &quot;-&quot;: 2, &quot;*&quot;: 4, &quot;/&quot;: 4, &quot;^&quot;: 5} # Add exponent value to dictionary
    Operators = []

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def EvaluateRPN(UserInputInRPN):
    S = []
    while len(UserInputInRPN) &gt; 0:
        while UserInputInRPN[0] not in [&quot;+&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;*&quot;, &quot;/&quot;, &quot;^&quot;]: # Define ^ as a valid operator
            S.append(UserInputInRPN[0])
            UserInputInRPN.pop(0)        
        Num2 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Num1 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Result = 0.0
        if UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;+&quot;:
            Result = Num1 + Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;-&quot;:
            Result = Num1 - Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;*&quot;:
            Result = Num1 * Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;/&quot;:
            Result = Num1 / Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;^&quot;:
            Result = Num1 ** Num2
        UserInputInRPN.pop(0)
        S.append(str(Result))       
    if float(S[0]) - math.floor(float(S[0])) == 0.0:
        return math.floor(float(S[0]))
    else:
        return -1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
    if re.search(&quot;^([0-9]+[\\+\\-\\*\\/\\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;, UserInput) is not None: # Add the operator here to make sure its recognized when the RPN is searched, otherwise it wouldn't be identified correctly.
        return True
    else:
        return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''4) Allow the user to include brackets for their own order of operations.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length)
{
               char CurrentChar = UserInput[Position];
               if (char.IsDigit(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string Number = &quot;&quot;;
                   while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length &amp;&amp; char.IsDigit(UserInput[Position]))
                   {
                       Number += UserInput[Position];
                       Position++;
                   }
                   UserInputInRPN.Add(Number);
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == '(')
               {
                   Operators.Add(&quot;(&quot;);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == ')')
               {
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot;)
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string CurrentOperator = CurrentChar.ToString();
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot; &amp;&amp; Precedence[Operators[Operators.Count - 1]] &gt;= Precedence[CurrentOperator])
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.Add(CurrentOperator);
                   Position++;
               }
           }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

5)Implement a Postfix game mode which takes the user's input in RPN instead of infix. 

6) Do not advance the target list forward for invalid entries, instead inform the user the entry was invalid and prompt them for a new one.

7) Implement a menu where the user can start a new game or quit their current game.

8) The program does not end even when 'Game Over' message is displayed. Ensure the program ends when the game is over.

9) Program does not stop after 'Game Over!' with no way for the user to exit.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(Targets, NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxTarget, MaxNumber):
    Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    while not GameOver:
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score)
        UserInput = input(&quot;Enter an expression (+, -, *, /, ^) : &quot;)
        print()
        if CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput)
            if CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
                IsTarget, Score = CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, Score)
                if IsTarget:
                    NumbersAllowed = RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed)
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber)
        Score -= 1
        if Targets[0] != -1:
            GameOver = True
        else:
            Targets = UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget)        
    print(&quot;Game over!&quot;)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    
    playAgain = input(&quot;Would you like to play again? (y/n)&quot;)
    
    if playAgain == &quot;y&quot;:
        Main() # Allows for the user to retry if they wanted.
    else:
        quit() # Ends the program with the code 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
10) Practice game - only generates 119 as new targets.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
The way that it is currently appending new targets to the list is just by re-appending the value on the end of the original list
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang = &quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start = &quot;1&quot;&gt;
        Targets = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43, 23, 119]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So by adding the PredefinedTargets list to the program, it will randomly pick one of those targets, rather than re-appending 119.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget):
    for Count in range (0, len(Targets) - 1):
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1]
    Targets.pop()
    if TrainingGame:
        PredefinedTargets = [23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43] # Updated list that is randomly picked from by using the random.choice function from the random library
        Targets.append(random.choice(PredefinedTargets))
    else:
        Targets.append(GetTarget(MaxTarget))
    return Targets
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
11) Give the user a single-use ability to generate a new set of allowable numbers

12) Allow the user to input and work with negative numbers

13) Allow the user to quit the game.

14) Increase the score with a bonus equal to the quantity of allowable numbers used in a qualifying expression.

15) Implement a multiplicative score bonus for each priority (first number in the target list) number completed sequentially.

16) If the user creates a qualifying expression which uses all the allowable numbers, grant the user a special reward ability (one use until unlocked again) to allow the user to enter any number of choice and this value will be removed from the target list.

'''17) Add an item that lets you clear any target.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

Console.WriteLine(&quot;Do you want to remove a target?&quot;);
               UserInput1 = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
               if (UserInput1 == &quot;YES&quot;)
               {
                   if (Score &gt;= 10)
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;What number?&quot;);
                       UserInput3 = Console.Read();
                       Score = Score - 10;


                   }
                   else
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;You do not have enough points&quot;);
                       Console.ReadKey();
                   }
               }
               else if (UserInput1 == &quot;NO&quot;)
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(&quot;You selected NO&quot;);
               }
               Score--;
               if (Targets[0] != -1)
               {
                   GameOver = true;
               }
               else
               {
                   UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_____________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static bool RemoveTarget(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, string Userinput)
        {
            bool removed = false;
            int targetremove = int.Parse(Userinput);
            for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
            {
                if(targetremove == Targets[Count])
                {
                    removed = true;
                    Targets.RemoveAt(Count);
                }

            }
            if (!removed)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;invalid target&quot;);
                return (false);
            }
            return (true);
        }


 while (!GameOver)
            {
                DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
                Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
                UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(UserInput);
                Console.ReadKey();
                Console.WriteLine();
                if(UserInput.ToUpper() == &quot;R&quot;)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the target&quot;);
                    UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                    if(RemoveTarget(Targets, UserInput))
                    {
                        Score -= 5;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
                    {
                        UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
                        if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
                        {
                            if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                            {
                                RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                                NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Score--;
                }
              
                if (Targets[0] != -1)
                {
                    GameOver = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
            DisplayScore(Score);
        }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''18) Allowed numbers don’t have any duplicate numbers, and can be used multiple times'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''19) update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put RemoveSpaces() under user input.


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
A shorter way

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static string RemoveSpaces2(string UserInput)
{
    string newString = &quot;&quot;;
    foreach (char c in UserInput)
    {
        if (c != ' ')
        {
            newString += c;
        }
    }

    return newString;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also don’t forget to add a call to it around line 58
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void PlayGame(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget, int MaxNumber)
{
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        // Add remove spaces func here
        UserInput = RemoveSpaces2(UserInput);
        Console.WriteLine();
        ...

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Alternative shorter solution:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''20) Hard mode where the same target cant appear twice.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also, at line 355 update CreateTargets:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''21) Once a target is cleared, prevent it from being generated again.''' 

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
internal class Program
    {
        static Random RGen = new Random();
        // CHANGE START
        static List&lt;int&gt; TargetsUsed = new List&lt;int&gt;();
        // CHANGE END
        ...


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

Next create these new functions at the bottom:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE START
static bool CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(int MaxNumber)
{
    if (TargetsUsed.Count &gt;= MaxNumber)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

static bool CheckAllTargetsCleared(List&lt;int&gt; Targets)
{
    bool allCleared = true;
    foreach (int i in Targets)
    {
        if (i != -1)
        {
            allCleared = false;
        }
    }

    return allCleared;
}
// CHANGE END


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Update CreateTargets (line 366) and UpdateTargets (line 126) so that they check if the generated number is in the TargetsUsed list we made
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
            
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int SelectedTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        Targets.Add(SelectedTarget);
        if (!TargetsUsed.Contains(SelectedTarget))
        {
            TargetsUsed.Add(SelectedTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}


static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        if (TargetsUsed.Count == MaxTarget)
        {
            Targets.Add(-1);
            return;
        }
        int ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (TargetsUsed.Contains(ChosenTarget))
        {
            ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);    
        }
        Targets.Add(ChosenTarget);
        TargetsUsed.Add(ChosenTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Finally in the main game loop (line 57) you should add the check to make sure that the user has cleared every possible number 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
        if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
        {
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
            if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
            {
                if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                {
                    RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                }
            }
        }
        Score--;
        // CHANGE START
        if (Targets[0] != -1 || (CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(MaxNumber) &amp;&amp; CheckAllTargetsCleared(Targets)))
        {
            GameOver = true;
        }
        else
        {
            UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
    DisplayScore(Score);


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''22) When a target is cleared, put a £ symbol in its position in the target list. When the £ symbol reaches the end of the tracker, increase the score by 1.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''23) Implement a victory condition which allows the player to win the game by achieving a certain score. Allow the user to pick difficulty, e.g. easy (10), normal (20), hard (40).'''

'''24) Shotgun. If an expression exactly evaluates to a target, the score is increased by 3 and remove the target as normal. If an evaluation is within 1 of the target, the score is increased by 1 and remove those targets too.'''

'''25) Every time the user inputs an expression, shuffle the current position of all targets (cannot push a number closer to the end though).'''

'''26) Speed Demon. Implement a mode where the target list moves a number of places equal to the current player score. Instead of ending the game when a target gets to the end of the tracker, subtract 1 from their score. If their score ever goes negative, the player loses.'''

'''27) Allow the user to save the current state of the game using a text file and implement the ability to load up a game when they begin the program.'''

'''28) Multiple of X. The program should randomly generate a number each turn, e.g. 3 and if the user creates an expression which removes a target which is a multiple of that number, give them a bonus of their score equal to the multiple (in this case, 3 extra score).'''

'''29) Validate a user's entry to confirm their choice before accepting an expression.'''

'''30) Prime time punch. If the completed target was a prime number, destroy the targets on either side of the prime number (count them as scored).'''

'''31) make the program object oriented'''

'''32) do not use reverse polish notation'''

'''33) Allow the user to specify the highest number within the five &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.'''

'''34) Allow the user to save and reload the game.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}This solution focuses on logging all values that had been printed the previous game, overwriting the score, and then continuing the game as before. A game log can be saved, reloaded and then continued before being saved again without loss of data.

Add selection (&lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;) statement at the top of &lt;code&gt;PlayGame()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for user to input desired action
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    if (input(&quot;Load last saved game? (y/n): &quot;).lower() == &quot;y&quot;):
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as f:
            lines = []
            for line in f:
                lines.append(line)
                print(line)
            Score = re.search(r'\d+', lines[-2])
    else:
        open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, 'w').close()
    while not GameOver:
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Change &lt;code&gt;DisplayScore()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DisplayNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DisplayTargets()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for the values to be returned instead of being printed.

&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayScore(Score):
    output = str(&quot;Current score: &quot; + str(Score))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed):
    list_of_numbers = []
    for N in NumbersAllowed:
        list_of_numbers.append((str(N) + &quot;  &quot;))
    output = str(&quot;Numbers available: &quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_numbers))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayTargets(Targets):
    list_of_targets = []
    for T in Targets:
        if T == -1:
            list_of_targets.append(&quot; &quot;)
        else:
            list_of_targets.append(str(T))
        list_of_targets.append(&quot;|&quot;)
    output = str(&quot;|&quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_targets))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Print returned values, as well as appending to the save file.
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score):
    DisplayTargets(Targets)
    DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    try:
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;a&quot;) as f:
            f.write(DisplayTargets(Targets) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayScore(Score) + &quot;\n\n&quot;)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f&quot;There was an exception: {e}&quot;)
&lt;/syntaxhighlighting&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>pepqd3konjcd8n528bowszbiyj2i8e0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448791</id>
      <parentid>4448790</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T13:56:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverted edits by [[Special:Contribs/46.60.253.180|46.60.253.180]] ([[User talk:46.60.253.180|talk]]) to last version by 90.251.34.180: unexplained content removal</comment>
      <origin>4448666</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36831" sha1="qzkakchcyllgw9s7ge6mgo1esxva8km" xml:space="preserve">== Section D Predictions ==


The 2023 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 10 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for th coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 14 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark question, a 5 mark question, two 9 mark questions, and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s).

The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark question, three 6 mark questions, and one 12 mark question.

{{BookCat}} Current questions are speculation by contributors to this page.

'''1) Using each number more than once but no repeats within the 5 given?'''
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - DM - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

C# KN - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}Edit &lt;code&gt;FillNumbers()&lt;/code&gt; to add a selection (if) statement to ensure that the number returned from &lt;code&gt;GetNumber()&lt;/code&gt; has not already been appended to the list &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber):
    if TrainingGame:
        return [2, 3, 2, 8, 512]
    else:
        while len(NumbersAllowed) &lt; 5:
            NewNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber)
            if NewNumber not in NumbersAllowed:
                NumbersAllowed.append(NewNumber)
            else: continue
        return NumbersAllowed
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Edit &lt;code&gt;CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; to ensure that numbers that the user has inputted are not removed from the &lt;code&gt;Temp&lt;/code&gt; list, allowing numbers to be re-used.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
    Temp = []
    for Item in NumbersAllowed:
        Temp.append(Item)
    for Item in UserInputInRPN:
        if CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber):
            if int(Item) in Temp:
                continue
            else:
                return False            
    return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''2)''' '''Update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - KH &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put remove spaces under user input
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
I doubt this will be a question because it could be resolved in a couple of lines

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''3) Add exponentials (using ^ or similar)'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - Unknown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
{
    // CHANGE START
    return Regex.IsMatch(UserInput, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
    // CHANGE END
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswer|}} In  ConvertToRPN() add the ^ to the list of operators and give it the highest precedence
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown 
static List&lt;string&gt; ConvertToRPN(string UserInput)
{
    int Position = 0;
    Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; Precedence = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;
    {
        // CHANGE START
        { &quot;+&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;-&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;*&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;/&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;^&quot;, 5 }
        // CHANGE END
    };
    List&lt;string&gt; Operators = new List&lt;string&gt;();

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In EvaluateRPN() add the check to see if the current user input contains the ^, and make it evaluate the exponential if it does&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

static int EvaluateRPN(List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN)
{
    List&lt;string&gt; S = new List&lt;string&gt;();
    while (UserInputInRPN.Count &gt; 0)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        while (!&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(UserInputInRPN[0]))
        // CHANGE END
        {
            S.Add(UserInputInRPN[0]);
            UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        }
        double Num2 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Num1 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Result = 0;
        switch (UserInputInRPN[0])
        {
            case &quot;+&quot;:
                Result = Num1 + Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;-&quot;:
                Result = Num1 - Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;*&quot;:
                Result = Num1 * Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;/&quot;:
                Result = Num1 / Num2;
                break;
            // CHANGE START
            case &quot;^&quot;:
                Result = Math.Pow(Num1, Num2);
                break;
            // CHANGE END
        }
        UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        S.Add(Convert.ToString(Result));
    }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def ConvertToRPN(UserInput):
    Position = 0
    Precedence = {&quot;+&quot;: 2, &quot;-&quot;: 2, &quot;*&quot;: 4, &quot;/&quot;: 4, &quot;^&quot;: 5} # Add exponent value to dictionary
    Operators = []

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def EvaluateRPN(UserInputInRPN):
    S = []
    while len(UserInputInRPN) &gt; 0:
        while UserInputInRPN[0] not in [&quot;+&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;*&quot;, &quot;/&quot;, &quot;^&quot;]: # Define ^ as a valid operator
            S.append(UserInputInRPN[0])
            UserInputInRPN.pop(0)        
        Num2 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Num1 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Result = 0.0
        if UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;+&quot;:
            Result = Num1 + Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;-&quot;:
            Result = Num1 - Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;*&quot;:
            Result = Num1 * Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;/&quot;:
            Result = Num1 / Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;^&quot;:
            Result = Num1 ** Num2
        UserInputInRPN.pop(0)
        S.append(str(Result))       
    if float(S[0]) - math.floor(float(S[0])) == 0.0:
        return math.floor(float(S[0]))
    else:
        return -1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
    if re.search(&quot;^([0-9]+[\\+\\-\\*\\/\\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;, UserInput) is not None: # Add the operator here to make sure its recognized when the RPN is searched, otherwise it wouldn't be identified correctly.
        return True
    else:
        return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''4) Allow the user to include brackets for their own order of operations.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length)
{
               char CurrentChar = UserInput[Position];
               if (char.IsDigit(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string Number = &quot;&quot;;
                   while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length &amp;&amp; char.IsDigit(UserInput[Position]))
                   {
                       Number += UserInput[Position];
                       Position++;
                   }
                   UserInputInRPN.Add(Number);
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == '(')
               {
                   Operators.Add(&quot;(&quot;);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == ')')
               {
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot;)
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string CurrentOperator = CurrentChar.ToString();
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot; &amp;&amp; Precedence[Operators[Operators.Count - 1]] &gt;= Precedence[CurrentOperator])
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.Add(CurrentOperator);
                   Position++;
               }
           }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

5)Implement a Postfix game mode which takes the user's input in RPN instead of infix. 

6) Do not advance the target list forward for invalid entries, instead inform the user the entry was invalid and prompt them for a new one.

7) Implement a menu where the user can start a new game or quit their current game.

8) The program does not end even when 'Game Over' message is displayed. Ensure the program ends when the game is over.

9) Program does not stop after 'Game Over!' with no way for the user to exit.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(Targets, NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxTarget, MaxNumber):
    Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    while not GameOver:
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score)
        UserInput = input(&quot;Enter an expression (+, -, *, /, ^) : &quot;)
        print()
        if CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput)
            if CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
                IsTarget, Score = CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, Score)
                if IsTarget:
                    NumbersAllowed = RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed)
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber)
        Score -= 1
        if Targets[0] != -1:
            GameOver = True
        else:
            Targets = UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget)        
    print(&quot;Game over!&quot;)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    
    playAgain = input(&quot;Would you like to play again? (y/n)&quot;)
    
    if playAgain == &quot;y&quot;:
        Main() # Allows for the user to retry if they wanted.
    else:
        quit() # Ends the program with the code 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
10) Practice game - only generates 119 as new targets.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
The way that it is currently appending new targets to the list is just by re-appending the value on the end of the original list
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang = &quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start = &quot;1&quot;&gt;
        Targets = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43, 23, 119]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So by adding the PredefinedTargets list to the program, it will randomly pick one of those targets, rather than re-appending 119.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget):
    for Count in range (0, len(Targets) - 1):
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1]
    Targets.pop()
    if TrainingGame:
        PredefinedTargets = [23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43] # Updated list that is randomly picked from by using the random.choice function from the random library
        Targets.append(random.choice(PredefinedTargets))
    else:
        Targets.append(GetTarget(MaxTarget))
    return Targets
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
11) Give the user a single-use ability to generate a new set of allowable numbers

12) Allow the user to input and work with negative numbers

13) Allow the user to quit the game.

14) Increase the score with a bonus equal to the quantity of allowable numbers used in a qualifying expression.

15) Implement a multiplicative score bonus for each priority (first number in the target list) number completed sequentially.

16) If the user creates a qualifying expression which uses all the allowable numbers, grant the user a special reward ability (one use until unlocked again) to allow the user to enter any number of choice and this value will be removed from the target list.

'''17) Add an item that lets you clear any target.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

Console.WriteLine(&quot;Do you want to remove a target?&quot;);
               UserInput1 = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
               if (UserInput1 == &quot;YES&quot;)
               {
                   if (Score &gt;= 10)
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;What number?&quot;);
                       UserInput3 = Console.Read();
                       Score = Score - 10;


                   }
                   else
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;You do not have enough points&quot;);
                       Console.ReadKey();
                   }
               }
               else if (UserInput1 == &quot;NO&quot;)
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(&quot;You selected NO&quot;);
               }
               Score--;
               if (Targets[0] != -1)
               {
                   GameOver = true;
               }
               else
               {
                   UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_____________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static bool RemoveTarget(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, string Userinput)
        {
            bool removed = false;
            int targetremove = int.Parse(Userinput);
            for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
            {
                if(targetremove == Targets[Count])
                {
                    removed = true;
                    Targets.RemoveAt(Count);
                }

            }
            if (!removed)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;invalid target&quot;);
                return (false);
            }
            return (true);
        }


 while (!GameOver)
            {
                DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
                Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
                UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(UserInput);
                Console.ReadKey();
                Console.WriteLine();
                if(UserInput.ToUpper() == &quot;R&quot;)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the target&quot;);
                    UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                    if(RemoveTarget(Targets, UserInput))
                    {
                        Score -= 5;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
                    {
                        UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
                        if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
                        {
                            if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                            {
                                RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                                NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Score--;
                }
              
                if (Targets[0] != -1)
                {
                    GameOver = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
            DisplayScore(Score);
        }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''18) Allowed numbers don’t have any duplicate numbers, and can be used multiple times'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''19) update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put RemoveSpaces() under user input.


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
A shorter way

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static string RemoveSpaces2(string UserInput)
{
    string newString = &quot;&quot;;
    foreach (char c in UserInput)
    {
        if (c != ' ')
        {
            newString += c;
        }
    }

    return newString;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also don’t forget to add a call to it around line 58
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void PlayGame(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget, int MaxNumber)
{
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        // Add remove spaces func here
        UserInput = RemoveSpaces2(UserInput);
        Console.WriteLine();
        ...

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Alternative shorter solution:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''20) Hard mode where the same target cant appear twice.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also, at line 355 update CreateTargets:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''21) Once a target is cleared, prevent it from being generated again.''' 

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
internal class Program
    {
        static Random RGen = new Random();
        // CHANGE START
        static List&lt;int&gt; TargetsUsed = new List&lt;int&gt;();
        // CHANGE END
        ...


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

Next create these new functions at the bottom:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE START
static bool CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(int MaxNumber)
{
    if (TargetsUsed.Count &gt;= MaxNumber)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

static bool CheckAllTargetsCleared(List&lt;int&gt; Targets)
{
    bool allCleared = true;
    foreach (int i in Targets)
    {
        if (i != -1)
        {
            allCleared = false;
        }
    }

    return allCleared;
}
// CHANGE END


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Update CreateTargets (line 366) and UpdateTargets (line 126) so that they check if the generated number is in the TargetsUsed list we made
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
            
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int SelectedTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        Targets.Add(SelectedTarget);
        if (!TargetsUsed.Contains(SelectedTarget))
        {
            TargetsUsed.Add(SelectedTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}


static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        if (TargetsUsed.Count == MaxTarget)
        {
            Targets.Add(-1);
            return;
        }
        int ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (TargetsUsed.Contains(ChosenTarget))
        {
            ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);    
        }
        Targets.Add(ChosenTarget);
        TargetsUsed.Add(ChosenTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Finally in the main game loop (line 57) you should add the check to make sure that the user has cleared every possible number 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
        if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
        {
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
            if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
            {
                if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                {
                    RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                }
            }
        }
        Score--;
        // CHANGE START
        if (Targets[0] != -1 || (CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(MaxNumber) &amp;&amp; CheckAllTargetsCleared(Targets)))
        {
            GameOver = true;
        }
        else
        {
            UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
    DisplayScore(Score);


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''22) When a target is cleared, put a £ symbol in its position in the target list. When the £ symbol reaches the end of the tracker, increase the score by 1.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''23) Implement a victory condition which allows the player to win the game by achieving a certain score. Allow the user to pick difficulty, e.g. easy (10), normal (20), hard (40).'''

'''24) Shotgun. If an expression exactly evaluates to a target, the score is increased by 3 and remove the target as normal. If an evaluation is within 1 of the target, the score is increased by 1 and remove those targets too.'''

'''25) Every time the user inputs an expression, shuffle the current position of all targets (cannot push a number closer to the end though).'''

'''26) Speed Demon. Implement a mode where the target list moves a number of places equal to the current player score. Instead of ending the game when a target gets to the end of the tracker, subtract 1 from their score. If their score ever goes negative, the player loses.'''

'''27) Allow the user to save the current state of the game using a text file and implement the ability to load up a game when they begin the program.'''

'''28) Multiple of X. The program should randomly generate a number each turn, e.g. 3 and if the user creates an expression which removes a target which is a multiple of that number, give them a bonus of their score equal to the multiple (in this case, 3 extra score).'''

'''29) Validate a user's entry to confirm their choice before accepting an expression.'''

'''30) Prime time punch. If the completed target was a prime number, destroy the targets on either side of the prime number (count them as scored).'''

'''31) make the program object oriented'''

'''32) do not use reverse polish notation'''

'''33) Allow the user to specify the highest number within the five &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.'''

'''34) Allow the user to save and reload the game.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}This solution focuses on logging all values that had been printed the previous game, overwriting the score, and then continuing the game as before. A game log can be saved, reloaded and then continued before being saved again without loss of data.

Add selection (&lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;) statement at the top of &lt;code&gt;PlayGame()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for user to input desired action
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    if (input(&quot;Load last saved game? (y/n): &quot;).lower() == &quot;y&quot;):
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as f:
            lines = []
            for line in f:
                lines.append(line)
                print(line)
            Score = re.search(r'\d+', lines[-2])
    else:
        open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, 'w').close()
    while not GameOver:
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Change &lt;code&gt;DisplayScore()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DisplayNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DisplayTargets()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for the values to be returned instead of being printed.

&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayScore(Score):
    output = str(&quot;Current score: &quot; + str(Score))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed):
    list_of_numbers = []
    for N in NumbersAllowed:
        list_of_numbers.append((str(N) + &quot;  &quot;))
    output = str(&quot;Numbers available: &quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_numbers))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayTargets(Targets):
    list_of_targets = []
    for T in Targets:
        if T == -1:
            list_of_targets.append(&quot; &quot;)
        else:
            list_of_targets.append(str(T))
        list_of_targets.append(&quot;|&quot;)
    output = str(&quot;|&quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_targets))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Print returned values, as well as appending to the save file.
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score):
    DisplayTargets(Targets)
    DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    try:
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;a&quot;) as f:
            f.write(DisplayTargets(Targets) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayScore(Score) + &quot;\n\n&quot;)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f&quot;There was an exception: {e}&quot;)
&lt;/syntaxhighlighting&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>qzkakchcyllgw9s7ge6mgo1esxva8km</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448987</id>
      <parentid>4448791</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T08:55:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>185.85.58.38</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added a new suggestion</comment>
      <origin>4448987</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36851" sha1="orv4d9sww8y1p13r5dtun3i2ug40jkf" xml:space="preserve">== Section D Predictions ==


The 2023 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 10 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for th coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 14 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark question, a 5 mark question, two 9 mark questions, and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s).

The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark question, three 6 mark questions, and one 12 mark question.

{{BookCat}} Current questions are speculation by contributors to this page.

'''1) Using each number more than once but no repeats within the 5 given?'''
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - DM - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

C# KN - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}Edit &lt;code&gt;FillNumbers()&lt;/code&gt; to add a selection (if) statement to ensure that the number returned from &lt;code&gt;GetNumber()&lt;/code&gt; has not already been appended to the list &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber):
    if TrainingGame:
        return [2, 3, 2, 8, 512]
    else:
        while len(NumbersAllowed) &lt; 5:
            NewNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber)
            if NewNumber not in NumbersAllowed:
                NumbersAllowed.append(NewNumber)
            else: continue
        return NumbersAllowed
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Edit &lt;code&gt;CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; to ensure that numbers that the user has inputted are not removed from the &lt;code&gt;Temp&lt;/code&gt; list, allowing numbers to be re-used.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
    Temp = []
    for Item in NumbersAllowed:
        Temp.append(Item)
    for Item in UserInputInRPN:
        if CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber):
            if int(Item) in Temp:
                continue
            else:
                return False            
    return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''2)''' '''Update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - KH &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put remove spaces under user input
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
I doubt this will be a question because it could be resolved in a couple of lines

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''3) Add exponentials (using ^ or similar)'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - Unknown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
{
    // CHANGE START
    return Regex.IsMatch(UserInput, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
    // CHANGE END
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswer|}} In  ConvertToRPN() add the ^ to the list of operators and give it the highest precedence
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown 
static List&lt;string&gt; ConvertToRPN(string UserInput)
{
    int Position = 0;
    Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; Precedence = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;
    {
        // CHANGE START
        { &quot;+&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;-&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;*&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;/&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;^&quot;, 5 }
        // CHANGE END
    };
    List&lt;string&gt; Operators = new List&lt;string&gt;();

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In EvaluateRPN() add the check to see if the current user input contains the ^, and make it evaluate the exponential if it does&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

static int EvaluateRPN(List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN)
{
    List&lt;string&gt; S = new List&lt;string&gt;();
    while (UserInputInRPN.Count &gt; 0)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        while (!&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(UserInputInRPN[0]))
        // CHANGE END
        {
            S.Add(UserInputInRPN[0]);
            UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        }
        double Num2 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Num1 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Result = 0;
        switch (UserInputInRPN[0])
        {
            case &quot;+&quot;:
                Result = Num1 + Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;-&quot;:
                Result = Num1 - Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;*&quot;:
                Result = Num1 * Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;/&quot;:
                Result = Num1 / Num2;
                break;
            // CHANGE START
            case &quot;^&quot;:
                Result = Math.Pow(Num1, Num2);
                break;
            // CHANGE END
        }
        UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        S.Add(Convert.ToString(Result));
    }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def ConvertToRPN(UserInput):
    Position = 0
    Precedence = {&quot;+&quot;: 2, &quot;-&quot;: 2, &quot;*&quot;: 4, &quot;/&quot;: 4, &quot;^&quot;: 5} # Add exponent value to dictionary
    Operators = []

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def EvaluateRPN(UserInputInRPN):
    S = []
    while len(UserInputInRPN) &gt; 0:
        while UserInputInRPN[0] not in [&quot;+&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;*&quot;, &quot;/&quot;, &quot;^&quot;]: # Define ^ as a valid operator
            S.append(UserInputInRPN[0])
            UserInputInRPN.pop(0)        
        Num2 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Num1 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Result = 0.0
        if UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;+&quot;:
            Result = Num1 + Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;-&quot;:
            Result = Num1 - Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;*&quot;:
            Result = Num1 * Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;/&quot;:
            Result = Num1 / Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;^&quot;:
            Result = Num1 ** Num2
        UserInputInRPN.pop(0)
        S.append(str(Result))       
    if float(S[0]) - math.floor(float(S[0])) == 0.0:
        return math.floor(float(S[0]))
    else:
        return -1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
    if re.search(&quot;^([0-9]+[\\+\\-\\*\\/\\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;, UserInput) is not None: # Add the operator here to make sure its recognized when the RPN is searched, otherwise it wouldn't be identified correctly.
        return True
    else:
        return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''4) Allow the user to include brackets for their own order of operations.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length)
{
               char CurrentChar = UserInput[Position];
               if (char.IsDigit(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string Number = &quot;&quot;;
                   while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length &amp;&amp; char.IsDigit(UserInput[Position]))
                   {
                       Number += UserInput[Position];
                       Position++;
                   }
                   UserInputInRPN.Add(Number);
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == '(')
               {
                   Operators.Add(&quot;(&quot;);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == ')')
               {
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot;)
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string CurrentOperator = CurrentChar.ToString();
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot; &amp;&amp; Precedence[Operators[Operators.Count - 1]] &gt;= Precedence[CurrentOperator])
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.Add(CurrentOperator);
                   Position++;
               }
           }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

5)Implement a Postfix game mode which takes the user's input in RPN instead of infix. 

6) Do not advance the target list forward for invalid entries, instead inform the user the entry was invalid and prompt them for a new one.

7) Implement a menu where the user can start a new game or quit their current game.

8) The program does not end even when 'Game Over' message is displayed. Ensure the program ends when the game is over.

9) Program does not stop after 'Game Over!' with no way for the user to exit.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(Targets, NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxTarget, MaxNumber):
    Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    while not GameOver:
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score)
        UserInput = input(&quot;Enter an expression (+, -, *, /, ^) : &quot;)
        print()
        if CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput)
            if CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
                IsTarget, Score = CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, Score)
                if IsTarget:
                    NumbersAllowed = RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed)
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber)
        Score -= 1
        if Targets[0] != -1:
            GameOver = True
        else:
            Targets = UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget)        
    print(&quot;Game over!&quot;)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    
    playAgain = input(&quot;Would you like to play again? (y/n)&quot;)
    
    if playAgain == &quot;y&quot;:
        Main() # Allows for the user to retry if they wanted.
    else:
        quit() # Ends the program with the code 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
10) Practice game - only generates 119 as new targets.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
The way that it is currently appending new targets to the list is just by re-appending the value on the end of the original list
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang = &quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start = &quot;1&quot;&gt;
        Targets = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43, 23, 119]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So by adding the PredefinedTargets list to the program, it will randomly pick one of those targets, rather than re-appending 119.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget):
    for Count in range (0, len(Targets) - 1):
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1]
    Targets.pop()
    if TrainingGame:
        PredefinedTargets = [23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43] # Updated list that is randomly picked from by using the random.choice function from the random library
        Targets.append(random.choice(PredefinedTargets))
    else:
        Targets.append(GetTarget(MaxTarget))
    return Targets
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
11) Give the user a single-use ability to generate a new set of allowable numbers

12) Allow the user to input and work with negative numbers

13) Allow the user to quit the game.

14) Increase the score with a bonus equal to the quantity of allowable numbers used in a qualifying expression.

15) Implement a multiplicative score bonus for each priority (first number in the target list) number completed sequentially.

16) If the user creates a qualifying expression which uses all the allowable numbers, grant the user a special reward ability (one use until unlocked again) to allow the user to enter any number of choice and this value will be removed from the target list.

'''17) Add an item that lets you clear any target.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

Console.WriteLine(&quot;Do you want to remove a target?&quot;);
               UserInput1 = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
               if (UserInput1 == &quot;YES&quot;)
               {
                   if (Score &gt;= 10)
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;What number?&quot;);
                       UserInput3 = Console.Read();
                       Score = Score - 10;


                   }
                   else
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;You do not have enough points&quot;);
                       Console.ReadKey();
                   }
               }
               else if (UserInput1 == &quot;NO&quot;)
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(&quot;You selected NO&quot;);
               }
               Score--;
               if (Targets[0] != -1)
               {
                   GameOver = true;
               }
               else
               {
                   UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_____________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static bool RemoveTarget(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, string Userinput)
        {
            bool removed = false;
            int targetremove = int.Parse(Userinput);
            for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
            {
                if(targetremove == Targets[Count])
                {
                    removed = true;
                    Targets.RemoveAt(Count);
                }

            }
            if (!removed)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;invalid target&quot;);
                return (false);
            }
            return (true);
        }


 while (!GameOver)
            {
                DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
                Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
                UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(UserInput);
                Console.ReadKey();
                Console.WriteLine();
                if(UserInput.ToUpper() == &quot;R&quot;)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the target&quot;);
                    UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                    if(RemoveTarget(Targets, UserInput))
                    {
                        Score -= 5;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
                    {
                        UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
                        if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
                        {
                            if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                            {
                                RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                                NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Score--;
                }
              
                if (Targets[0] != -1)
                {
                    GameOver = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
            DisplayScore(Score);
        }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''18) Allowed numbers don’t have any duplicate numbers, and can be used multiple times'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''19) update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put RemoveSpaces() under user input.


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
A shorter way

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static string RemoveSpaces2(string UserInput)
{
    string newString = &quot;&quot;;
    foreach (char c in UserInput)
    {
        if (c != ' ')
        {
            newString += c;
        }
    }

    return newString;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also don’t forget to add a call to it around line 58
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void PlayGame(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget, int MaxNumber)
{
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        // Add remove spaces func here
        UserInput = RemoveSpaces2(UserInput);
        Console.WriteLine();
        ...

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Alternative shorter solution:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''20) Hard mode where the same target cant appear twice.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also, at line 355 update CreateTargets:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''21) Once a target is cleared, prevent it from being generated again.''' 

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
internal class Program
    {
        static Random RGen = new Random();
        // CHANGE START
        static List&lt;int&gt; TargetsUsed = new List&lt;int&gt;();
        // CHANGE END
        ...


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

Next create these new functions at the bottom:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE START
static bool CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(int MaxNumber)
{
    if (TargetsUsed.Count &gt;= MaxNumber)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

static bool CheckAllTargetsCleared(List&lt;int&gt; Targets)
{
    bool allCleared = true;
    foreach (int i in Targets)
    {
        if (i != -1)
        {
            allCleared = false;
        }
    }

    return allCleared;
}
// CHANGE END


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Update CreateTargets (line 366) and UpdateTargets (line 126) so that they check if the generated number is in the TargetsUsed list we made
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
            
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int SelectedTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        Targets.Add(SelectedTarget);
        if (!TargetsUsed.Contains(SelectedTarget))
        {
            TargetsUsed.Add(SelectedTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}


static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        if (TargetsUsed.Count == MaxTarget)
        {
            Targets.Add(-1);
            return;
        }
        int ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (TargetsUsed.Contains(ChosenTarget))
        {
            ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);    
        }
        Targets.Add(ChosenTarget);
        TargetsUsed.Add(ChosenTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Finally in the main game loop (line 57) you should add the check to make sure that the user has cleared every possible number 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
        if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
        {
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
            if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
            {
                if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                {
                    RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                }
            }
        }
        Score--;
        // CHANGE START
        if (Targets[0] != -1 || (CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(MaxNumber) &amp;&amp; CheckAllTargetsCleared(Targets)))
        {
            GameOver = true;
        }
        else
        {
            UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
    DisplayScore(Score);


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''22) When a target is cleared, put a £ symbol in its position in the target list. When the £ symbol reaches the end of the tracker, increase the score by 1.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''23) Implement a victory condition which allows the player to win the game by achieving a certain score. Allow the user to pick difficulty, e.g. easy (10), normal (20), hard (40).'''

'''24) Shotgun. If an expression exactly evaluates to a target, the score is increased by 3 and remove the target as normal. If an evaluation is within 1 of the target, the score is increased by 1 and remove those targets too.'''

'''25) Every time the user inputs an expression, shuffle the current position of all targets (cannot push a number closer to the end though).'''

'''26) Speed Demon. Implement a mode where the target list moves a number of places equal to the current player score. Instead of ending the game when a target gets to the end of the tracker, subtract 1 from their score. If their score ever goes negative, the player loses.'''

'''27) Allow the user to save the current state of the game using a text file and implement the ability to load up a game when they begin the program.'''

'''28) Multiple of X. The program should randomly generate a number each turn, e.g. 3 and if the user creates an expression which removes a target which is a multiple of that number, give them a bonus of their score equal to the multiple (in this case, 3 extra score).'''

'''29) Validate a user's entry to confirm their choice before accepting an expression.'''

'''30) Prime time punch. If the completed target was a prime number, destroy the targets on either side of the prime number (count them as scored).'''

'''31) make the program object oriented'''

'''32) do not use reverse polish notation'''

'''33) Allow the user to specify the highest number within the five &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.'''

'''34) Allow the user to save and reload the game.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}This solution focuses on logging all values that had been printed the previous game, overwriting the score, and then continuing the game as before. A game log can be saved, reloaded and then continued before being saved again without loss of data.

Add selection (&lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;) statement at the top of &lt;code&gt;PlayGame()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for user to input desired action
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    if (input(&quot;Load last saved game? (y/n): &quot;).lower() == &quot;y&quot;):
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as f:
            lines = []
            for line in f:
                lines.append(line)
                print(line)
            Score = re.search(r'\d+', lines[-2])
    else:
        open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, 'w').close()
    while not GameOver:
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Change &lt;code&gt;DisplayScore()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DisplayNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DisplayTargets()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for the values to be returned instead of being printed.

&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayScore(Score):
    output = str(&quot;Current score: &quot; + str(Score))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed):
    list_of_numbers = []
    for N in NumbersAllowed:
        list_of_numbers.append((str(N) + &quot;  &quot;))
    output = str(&quot;Numbers available: &quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_numbers))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayTargets(Targets):
    list_of_targets = []
    for T in Targets:
        if T == -1:
            list_of_targets.append(&quot; &quot;)
        else:
            list_of_targets.append(str(T))
        list_of_targets.append(&quot;|&quot;)
    output = str(&quot;|&quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_targets))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Print returned values, as well as appending to the save file.
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score):
    DisplayTargets(Targets)
    DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    try:
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;a&quot;) as f:
            f.write(DisplayTargets(Targets) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayScore(Score) + &quot;\n\n&quot;)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f&quot;There was an exception: {e}&quot;)
&lt;/syntaxhighlighting&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''35) Big Chesh.'''</text>
      <sha1>orv4d9sww8y1p13r5dtun3i2ug40jkf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448992</id>
      <parentid>4448987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:09:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/185.85.58.38|185.85.58.38]] ([[User talk:185.85.58.38|talk]]) to last revision by MathXplore ([[w:WP:TW|TW]])</comment>
      <origin>4448992</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36831" sha1="qzkakchcyllgw9s7ge6mgo1esxva8km" xml:space="preserve">== Section D Predictions ==


The 2023 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 10 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for th coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 14 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: 6 mark, an 8 mark question, a 11 mark question and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the likely marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark question, a 9 mark question and one 13 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark question, a 5 mark question, two 9 mark questions, and one 12 mark question - these marks include the screen capture(s).

The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark question, three 6 mark questions, and one 12 mark question.

{{BookCat}} Current questions are speculation by contributors to this page.

'''1) Using each number more than once but no repeats within the 5 given?'''
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - DM - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150 &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

C# KN - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}Edit &lt;code&gt;FillNumbers()&lt;/code&gt; to add a selection (if) statement to ensure that the number returned from &lt;code&gt;GetNumber()&lt;/code&gt; has not already been appended to the list &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber):
    if TrainingGame:
        return [2, 3, 2, 8, 512]
    else:
        while len(NumbersAllowed) &lt; 5:
            NewNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber)
            if NewNumber not in NumbersAllowed:
                NumbersAllowed.append(NewNumber)
            else: continue
        return NumbersAllowed
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Edit &lt;code&gt;CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; to ensure that numbers that the user has inputted are not removed from the &lt;code&gt;Temp&lt;/code&gt; list, allowing numbers to be re-used.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;python&quot;&gt;
def CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
    Temp = []
    for Item in NumbersAllowed:
        Temp.append(Item)
    for Item in UserInputInRPN:
        if CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber):
            if int(Item) in Temp:
                continue
            else:
                return False            
    return True
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''2)''' '''Update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - KH &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put remove spaces under user input
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
I doubt this will be a question because it could be resolved in a couple of lines

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''3) Add exponentials (using ^ or similar)'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Riddlesdown - Unknown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
{
    // CHANGE START
    return Regex.IsMatch(UserInput, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
    // CHANGE END
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswer|}} In  ConvertToRPN() add the ^ to the list of operators and give it the highest precedence
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown 
static List&lt;string&gt; ConvertToRPN(string UserInput)
{
    int Position = 0;
    Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt; Precedence = new Dictionary&lt;string, int&gt;
    {
        // CHANGE START
        { &quot;+&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;-&quot;, 2 }, { &quot;*&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;/&quot;, 4 }, { &quot;^&quot;, 5 }
        // CHANGE END
    };
    List&lt;string&gt; Operators = new List&lt;string&gt;();

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

In EvaluateRPN() add the check to see if the current user input contains the ^, and make it evaluate the exponential if it does&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
Riddlesdown - Unknown&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

static int EvaluateRPN(List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN)
{
    List&lt;string&gt; S = new List&lt;string&gt;();
    while (UserInputInRPN.Count &gt; 0)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        while (!&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(UserInputInRPN[0]))
        // CHANGE END
        {
            S.Add(UserInputInRPN[0]);
            UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        }
        double Num2 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Num1 = Convert.ToDouble(S[S.Count - 1]);
        S.RemoveAt(S.Count - 1);
        double Result = 0;
        switch (UserInputInRPN[0])
        {
            case &quot;+&quot;:
                Result = Num1 + Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;-&quot;:
                Result = Num1 - Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;*&quot;:
                Result = Num1 * Num2;
                break;
            case &quot;/&quot;:
                Result = Num1 / Num2;
                break;
            // CHANGE START
            case &quot;^&quot;:
                Result = Math.Pow(Num1, Num2);
                break;
            // CHANGE END
        }
        UserInputInRPN.RemoveAt(0);
        S.Add(Convert.ToString(Result));
    }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def ConvertToRPN(UserInput):
    Position = 0
    Precedence = {&quot;+&quot;: 2, &quot;-&quot;: 2, &quot;*&quot;: 4, &quot;/&quot;: 4, &quot;^&quot;: 5} # Add exponent value to dictionary
    Operators = []

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def EvaluateRPN(UserInputInRPN):
    S = []
    while len(UserInputInRPN) &gt; 0:
        while UserInputInRPN[0] not in [&quot;+&quot;, &quot;-&quot;, &quot;*&quot;, &quot;/&quot;, &quot;^&quot;]: # Define ^ as a valid operator
            S.append(UserInputInRPN[0])
            UserInputInRPN.pop(0)        
        Num2 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Num1 = float(S[-1])
        S.pop()
        Result = 0.0
        if UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;+&quot;:
            Result = Num1 + Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;-&quot;:
            Result = Num1 - Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;*&quot;:
            Result = Num1 * Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;/&quot;:
            Result = Num1 / Num2
        elif UserInputInRPN[0] == &quot;^&quot;:
            Result = Num1 ** Num2
        UserInputInRPN.pop(0)
        S.append(str(Result))       
    if float(S[0]) - math.floor(float(S[0])) == 0.0:
        return math.floor(float(S[0]))
    else:
        return -1
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
    if re.search(&quot;^([0-9]+[\\+\\-\\*\\/\\^])+[0-9]+$&quot;, UserInput) is not None: # Add the operator here to make sure its recognized when the RPN is searched, otherwise it wouldn't be identified correctly.
        return True
    else:
        return False
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
'''4) Allow the user to include brackets for their own order of operations.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length)
{
               char CurrentChar = UserInput[Position];
               if (char.IsDigit(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string Number = &quot;&quot;;
                   while (Position &lt; UserInput.Length &amp;&amp; char.IsDigit(UserInput[Position]))
                   {
                       Number += UserInput[Position];
                       Position++;
                   }
                   UserInputInRPN.Add(Number);
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == '(')
               {
                   Operators.Add(&quot;(&quot;);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (CurrentChar == ')')
               {
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot;)
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   Position++;
               }
               else if (&quot;+-*/^&quot;.Contains(CurrentChar))
               {
                   string CurrentOperator = CurrentChar.ToString();
                   while (Operators.Count &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; Operators[Operators.Count - 1] != &quot;(&quot; &amp;&amp; Precedence[Operators[Operators.Count - 1]] &gt;= Precedence[CurrentOperator])
                   {
                       UserInputInRPN.Add(Operators[Operators.Count - 1]);
                       Operators.RemoveAt(Operators.Count - 1);
                   }
                   Operators.Add(CurrentOperator);
                   Position++;
               }
           }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

5)Implement a Postfix game mode which takes the user's input in RPN instead of infix. 

6) Do not advance the target list forward for invalid entries, instead inform the user the entry was invalid and prompt them for a new one.

7) Implement a menu where the user can start a new game or quit their current game.

8) The program does not end even when 'Game Over' message is displayed. Ensure the program ends when the game is over.

9) Program does not stop after 'Game Over!' with no way for the user to exit.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(Targets, NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxTarget, MaxNumber):
    Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    while not GameOver:
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score)
        UserInput = input(&quot;Enter an expression (+, -, *, /, ^) : &quot;)
        print()
        if CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput):
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput)
            if CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber):
                IsTarget, Score = CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, Score)
                if IsTarget:
                    NumbersAllowed = RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed)
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber)
        Score -= 1
        if Targets[0] != -1:
            GameOver = True
        else:
            Targets = UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget)        
    print(&quot;Game over!&quot;)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    
    playAgain = input(&quot;Would you like to play again? (y/n)&quot;)
    
    if playAgain == &quot;y&quot;:
        Main() # Allows for the user to retry if they wanted.
    else:
        quit() # Ends the program with the code 0
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
10) Practice game - only generates 119 as new targets.
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
The way that it is currently appending new targets to the list is just by re-appending the value on the end of the original list
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang = &quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start = &quot;1&quot;&gt;
        Targets = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43, 23, 119]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
So by adding the PredefinedTargets list to the program, it will randomly pick one of those targets, rather than re-appending 119.
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang =&quot;python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget):
    for Count in range (0, len(Targets) - 1):
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1]
    Targets.pop()
    if TrainingGame:
        PredefinedTargets = [23, 9, 140, 82, 121, 34, 45, 68, 75, 34, 23, 119, 43] # Updated list that is randomly picked from by using the random.choice function from the random library
        Targets.append(random.choice(PredefinedTargets))
    else:
        Targets.append(GetTarget(MaxTarget))
    return Targets
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
11) Give the user a single-use ability to generate a new set of allowable numbers

12) Allow the user to input and work with negative numbers

13) Allow the user to quit the game.

14) Increase the score with a bonus equal to the quantity of allowable numbers used in a qualifying expression.

15) Implement a multiplicative score bonus for each priority (first number in the target list) number completed sequentially.

16) If the user creates a qualifying expression which uses all the allowable numbers, grant the user a special reward ability (one use until unlocked again) to allow the user to enter any number of choice and this value will be removed from the target list.

'''17) Add an item that lets you clear any target.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - AC - Coombe Wood &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

Console.WriteLine(&quot;Do you want to remove a target?&quot;);
               UserInput1 = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
               if (UserInput1 == &quot;YES&quot;)
               {
                   if (Score &gt;= 10)
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;What number?&quot;);
                       UserInput3 = Console.Read();
                       Score = Score - 10;


                   }
                   else
                   {
                       Console.WriteLine(&quot;You do not have enough points&quot;);
                       Console.ReadKey();
                   }
               }
               else if (UserInput1 == &quot;NO&quot;)
               {
                   Console.WriteLine(&quot;You selected NO&quot;);
               }
               Score--;
               if (Targets[0] != -1)
               {
                   GameOver = true;
               }
               else
               {
                   UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
_____________________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  static bool RemoveTarget(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, string Userinput)
        {
            bool removed = false;
            int targetremove = int.Parse(Userinput);
            for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
            {
                if(targetremove == Targets[Count])
                {
                    removed = true;
                    Targets.RemoveAt(Count);
                }

            }
            if (!removed)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;invalid target&quot;);
                return (false);
            }
            return (true);
        }


 while (!GameOver)
            {
                DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
                Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
                UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                Console.WriteLine(UserInput);
                Console.ReadKey();
                Console.WriteLine();
                if(UserInput.ToUpper() == &quot;R&quot;)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the target&quot;);
                    UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
                    if(RemoveTarget(Targets, UserInput))
                    {
                        Score -= 5;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
                    {
                        UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
                        if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
                        {
                            if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                            {
                                RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                                NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Score--;
                }
              
                if (Targets[0] != -1)
                {
                    GameOver = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
            DisplayScore(Score);
        }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''18) Allowed numbers don’t have any duplicate numbers, and can be used multiple times'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

In CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed you can remove the line Temp.Remove(Convert.ToInt32(Item)) around line 150


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static bool CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, List&lt;string&gt; UserInputInRPN, int MaxNumber)
        {
            List&lt;int&gt; Temp = new List&lt;int&gt;();
            foreach (int Item in NumbersAllowed)
            {
                Temp.Add(Item);
            }
            foreach (string Item in UserInputInRPN)
            {
                if (CheckValidNumber(Item, MaxNumber))
                {
                    if (Temp.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(Item)))
                    {
                        // CHANGE START (line removed)
                        
                        // CHANGE END
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
In FillNumbers in the while (NumbersAllowed &lt; 5) loop, you should add a ChosenNumber int variable and check it’s not already in the allowed numbers so there are no duplicates (near line 370):

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; FillNumbers(List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxNumber)
        {
            if (TrainingGame)
            {
                return new List&lt;int&gt; { 2, 3, 2, 8, 512 };
            }
            else
            {
                while (NumbersAllowed.Count &lt; 5)
                {
                    // CHANGE START
                    int ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    while (NumbersAllowed.Contains(ChosenNumber))
                    {
                        ChosenNumber = GetNumber(MaxNumber);
                    }

                    NumbersAllowed.Add(ChosenNumber);
                    // CHANGE END
                }
                return NumbersAllowed;
            }
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''19) update program so expressions with whitespace are validated'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - KH- Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;

At the moment if you put spaces between your numbers or operators it doesn't work so you will have to fix that

Put RemoveSpaces() under user input.


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 static string RemoveSpaces(string UserInput)
        {
            char[] temp = new char[UserInput.Length];
            string bufferstring = &quot;&quot;;
            bool isSpaces = true;

            
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; UserInput.Length; i++)
            {
                temp[i] = UserInput[i];
            }

            while (isSpaces)
            {
                int spaceCounter = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length-1 ; i++)
                {
                    if(temp[i]==' ')
                    {   
                        
                        spaceCounter++;
                        temp = shiftChars(temp, i);
                        
                    }
                }
                if (spaceCounter == 0)
                {
                    isSpaces = false;
                }
                else
                {
                    temp[(temp.Length - 1)] = '¬';
                }
                
            }
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; temp.Length; i++)
            {
                if(temp[i] != ' ' &amp;&amp; temp[i] != '¬')
                {
                    bufferstring += temp[i];
                }
            }
            
            return (bufferstring);
        }
        static char[] shiftChars(char[] Input, int startInt)
        {
            for (int i = startInt; i &lt; Input.Length; i++)
            {
                if(i != Input.Length - 1)
                {
                    Input[i] = Input[i + 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    Input[i] = ' ';
                }
            }
            return (Input);
        }

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
A shorter way

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static string RemoveSpaces2(string UserInput)
{
    string newString = &quot;&quot;;
    foreach (char c in UserInput)
    {
        if (c != ' ')
        {
            newString += c;
        }
    }

    return newString;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also don’t forget to add a call to it around line 58
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void PlayGame(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, List&lt;int&gt; NumbersAllowed, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget, int MaxNumber)
{
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        // Add remove spaces func here
        UserInput = RemoveSpaces2(UserInput);
        Console.WriteLine();
        ...

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

&lt;br&gt;

PS&lt;br&gt;__________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
Alternative shorter solution:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot;&gt;        
static bool CheckIfUserInputValid(string UserInput)
        {
            string[] S = UserInput.Split(' ');
            string UserInputWithoutSpaces = &quot;&quot;;
            foreach(string s in S)
            {
                UserInputWithoutSpaces += s;
            }
            return Regex.IsMatch(UserInputWithoutSpaces, @&quot;^([0-9]+[\+\-\*\/])+[0-9]+$&quot;);
        }
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''20) Hard mode where the same target cant appear twice.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
Also, at line 355 update CreateTargets:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (Targets.Contains(NewTarget))
        {
            NewTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        }

        Targets.Add(NewTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

'''21) Once a target is cleared, prevent it from being generated again.''' 

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - Riddlesdown &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________ &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
internal class Program
    {
        static Random RGen = new Random();
        // CHANGE START
        static List&lt;int&gt; TargetsUsed = new List&lt;int&gt;();
        // CHANGE END
        ...


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; 

Next create these new functions at the bottom:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE START
static bool CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(int MaxNumber)
{
    if (TargetsUsed.Count &gt;= MaxNumber)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

static bool CheckAllTargetsCleared(List&lt;int&gt; Targets)
{
    bool allCleared = true;
    foreach (int i in Targets)
    {
        if (i != -1)
        {
            allCleared = false;
        }
    }

    return allCleared;
}
// CHANGE END


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Update CreateTargets (line 366) and UpdateTargets (line 126) so that they check if the generated number is in the TargetsUsed list we made
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
static List&lt;int&gt; CreateTargets(int SizeOfTargets, int MaxTarget)
{
    List&lt;int&gt; Targets = new List&lt;int&gt;();
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 5; Count++)
    {
        Targets.Add(-1);
    }
            
    for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= SizeOfTargets - 5; Count++)
    {
        // CHANGE START
        int SelectedTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        Targets.Add(SelectedTarget);
        if (!TargetsUsed.Contains(SelectedTarget))
        {
            TargetsUsed.Add(SelectedTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    return Targets;
}


static void UpdateTargets(List&lt;int&gt; Targets, bool TrainingGame, int MaxTarget)
{
    for (int Count = 0; Count &lt; Targets.Count - 1; Count++)
    {
        Targets[Count] = Targets[Count + 1];
    }
    Targets.RemoveAt(Targets.Count - 1);
    if (TrainingGame)
    {
        Targets.Add(Targets[Targets.Count - 1]);
    }
    else
    {
        // CHANGE START
        if (TargetsUsed.Count == MaxTarget)
        {
            Targets.Add(-1);
            return;
        }
        int ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);
        while (TargetsUsed.Contains(ChosenTarget))
        {
            ChosenTarget = GetTarget(MaxTarget);    
        }
        Targets.Add(ChosenTarget);
        TargetsUsed.Add(ChosenTarget);
        // CHANGE END
    }
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Finally in the main game loop (line 57) you should add the check to make sure that the user has cleared every possible number 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    ...
    while (!GameOver)
    {
        DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score);
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter an expression: &quot;);
        UserInput = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine();
        if (CheckIfUserInputValid(UserInput))
        {
            UserInputInRPN = ConvertToRPN(UserInput);
            if (CheckNumbersUsedAreAllInNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed, UserInputInRPN, MaxNumber))
            {
                if (CheckIfUserInputEvaluationIsATarget(Targets, UserInputInRPN, ref Score))
                {
                    RemoveNumbersUsed(UserInput, MaxNumber, NumbersAllowed);
                    NumbersAllowed = FillNumbers(NumbersAllowed, TrainingGame, MaxNumber);
                }
            }
        }
        Score--;
        // CHANGE START
        if (Targets[0] != -1 || (CheckIfEveryPossibleTargetHasBeenUsed(MaxNumber) &amp;&amp; CheckAllTargetsCleared(Targets)))
        {
            GameOver = true;
        }
        else
        {
            UpdateTargets(Targets, TrainingGame, MaxTarget);
        }
        // CHANGE END
    }
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Game over!&quot;);
    DisplayScore(Score);


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


'''22) When a target is cleared, put a £ symbol in its position in the target list. When the £ symbol reaches the end of the tracker, increase the score by 1.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
C# - &lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;
________________________________________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;/br&gt;


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;csharp&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; {{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}'''23) Implement a victory condition which allows the player to win the game by achieving a certain score. Allow the user to pick difficulty, e.g. easy (10), normal (20), hard (40).'''

'''24) Shotgun. If an expression exactly evaluates to a target, the score is increased by 3 and remove the target as normal. If an evaluation is within 1 of the target, the score is increased by 1 and remove those targets too.'''

'''25) Every time the user inputs an expression, shuffle the current position of all targets (cannot push a number closer to the end though).'''

'''26) Speed Demon. Implement a mode where the target list moves a number of places equal to the current player score. Instead of ending the game when a target gets to the end of the tracker, subtract 1 from their score. If their score ever goes negative, the player loses.'''

'''27) Allow the user to save the current state of the game using a text file and implement the ability to load up a game when they begin the program.'''

'''28) Multiple of X. The program should randomly generate a number each turn, e.g. 3 and if the user creates an expression which removes a target which is a multiple of that number, give them a bonus of their score equal to the multiple (in this case, 3 extra score).'''

'''29) Validate a user's entry to confirm their choice before accepting an expression.'''

'''30) Prime time punch. If the completed target was a prime number, destroy the targets on either side of the prime number (count them as scored).'''

'''31) make the program object oriented'''

'''32) do not use reverse polish notation'''

'''33) Allow the user to specify the highest number within the five &lt;code&gt;NumbersAllowed&lt;/code&gt;.'''

'''34) Allow the user to save and reload the game.'''

{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}This solution focuses on logging all values that had been printed the previous game, overwriting the score, and then continuing the game as before. A game log can be saved, reloaded and then continued before being saved again without loss of data.

Add selection (&lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt;) statement at the top of &lt;code&gt;PlayGame()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for user to input desired action
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
Score = 0
    GameOver = False
    if (input(&quot;Load last saved game? (y/n): &quot;).lower() == &quot;y&quot;):
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as f:
            lines = []
            for line in f:
                lines.append(line)
                print(line)
            Score = re.search(r'\d+', lines[-2])
    else:
        open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, 'w').close()
    while not GameOver:
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Change &lt;code&gt;DisplayScore()&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DisplayNumbersAllowed()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;DisplayTargets()&lt;/code&gt; to allow for the values to be returned instead of being printed.

&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayScore(Score):
    output = str(&quot;Current score: &quot; + str(Score))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed):
    list_of_numbers = []
    for N in NumbersAllowed:
        list_of_numbers.append((str(N) + &quot;  &quot;))
    output = str(&quot;Numbers available: &quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_numbers))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
    
def DisplayTargets(Targets):
    list_of_targets = []
    for T in Targets:
        if T == -1:
            list_of_targets.append(&quot; &quot;)
        else:
            list_of_targets.append(str(T))
        list_of_targets.append(&quot;|&quot;)
    output = str(&quot;|&quot; + &quot;&quot;.join(list_of_targets))
    print(output)
    print()
    print()
    return output
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Print returned values, as well as appending to the save file.
&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;
def DisplayState(Targets, NumbersAllowed, Score):
    DisplayTargets(Targets)
    DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed)
    DisplayScore(Score)
    try:
        with open(&quot;savegame.txt&quot;, &quot;a&quot;) as f:
            f.write(DisplayTargets(Targets) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayNumbersAllowed(NumbersAllowed) + &quot;\n\n&quot; + DisplayScore(Score) + &quot;\n\n&quot;)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f&quot;There was an exception: {e}&quot;)
&lt;/syntaxhighlighting&gt;{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>qzkakchcyllgw9s7ge6mgo1esxva8km</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Kuih Makmur (Malaysian Peanut Cookies)</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>469466</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448967</id>
      <parentid>4436041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T07:30:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Procedure */ more</comment>
      <origin>4448967</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1376" sha1="cj5ssf0so292y5wfw6okbddvtytb2ow" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Recipe summary
| Category = Cookie recipes
| Yield = 10–20 pieces
}}

{{Recipe}}

== Ingredients ==

* 125 [[Cookbook:Gram|g]] [[Cookbook:All-purpose flour|all-purpose flour]], [[Cookbook:Sifting|sifted]]
* 60 g [[Cookbook:Ghee|ghee]] or unsalted [[Cookbook:Butter|butter]]
* 2 [[Cookbook:Ounce|oz]] fried or toasted [[Cookbook:Peanut|peanuts]], coarsely ground
* 60 g [[Cookbook:Powdered Sugar|powdered sugar]]

==Procedure==
# Preheat the [[Cookbook:Oven|oven]] to 180°C. Grease or line a [[Cookbook:Baking Sheet|baking sheet]].
# Knead together the flour and ghee or butter until you get a rough [[Cookbook:Dough|dough]].
# Divide the dough into balls about 2 inches in diameter.
# Flatten one of the balls in the palm of your hand, making a little divot in the center.
# Spoon about 1–2 tsp peanuts into the center of the dough. Pinch the edges of the dough together to enclose the peanuts, and gently reshape into a ball.
# Place the filled cookies on the baking sheet. [[Cookbook:Baking|Bake]] 15–20 minutes until dried and a very light golden brown.
# Carefully remove the hot cookies from the tray, and roll in powdered sugar.
# Let cool and serve.

[[Category:Cookie recipes]]
[[Category:Malaysian recipes]]
[[Category:All-purpose flour recipes]]
[[Category:Clarified butter recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Powdered sugar recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>cj5ssf0so292y5wfw6okbddvtytb2ow</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Norwegian/Vocabulary/Animals</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>469522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448866</id>
      <parentid>4436883</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T17:47:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Woodstockrocks</username>
        <id>3488106</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Fugler (birds) */ The English and Norwegian translations were place on the wrong side.</comment>
      <origin>4448866</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3445" sha1="g3v9gt4a5ab8msmd4nfefarfdfzlqlp" xml:space="preserve">= Dyr (animals) =
== Fisker (fishes) ==
*'''abbor''': '' perch''
*'''gjedde''': '' pike''
*'''hai''': '' shark''
*'''lake''': '' burbot''
*'''laks''': '' salmon''
*'''makrell''': '' mackerel''
*'''sei''': '' pollock''
*'''sild''': '' herring''
*'''torsk''': '' cod''
*'''tunfisk''': '' tuna''
*'''ørret''': '' trout''
*'''ål''': '' eel''
== Fugler (birds) ==
*'''and''': '' duck''
*'''''kråke''''': '' crow''
*'''due''': '' dove, pigeon''
*'''erle''': '' wagtail''
*'''falk''': '' falcon''
*'''gås''': '' goose''
*'''hauk''': '' hawk''
*'''jerpe''': '' hazel grouse''
*'''lunde''': '' puffin''
*'''papegøye''': '' parrot''
*'''pingvin''': '' penguin''
*'''ravn''': '' raven''
*'''rype''': '' ptarmigan''
*'''skjære''': '' magpie''
*'''stork''': '' stork''
*'''struts''': '' ostrich''
*'''svale''': '' swallow''
*'''trane''': '' crane''
*'''trost''': '' thrush''
*'''undulat''': '' parakeet, budgie''
*'''ørn''': '' eagle''
== Gnagere (rodents) ==
*'''bever''': '' beaver''
*'''flodsvin''': '' capybara''
*'''hare''': '' hare''
*'''lemen''': '' lemming''
*'''mus''': '' mouse''
*'''rotte''': '' rat''
== Husdyr (farm animals) ==
*'''esel''': '' donkey''
*'''geit''': '' goat''
**'''bukk''': '' male goat''
**'''killing''': '' kid''
*'''gris, svin''': '' pig''
**'''grisunge''': '' piglet''
**'''purke''': '' female pig''
**'''råne''': '' male pig''
*'''hane''': '' rooster''
*'''hest''': '' horse''
*'''høne''': '' hen''
*'''kveg, storfe''': '' cattle''
**'''kalv''': '' calf''
**'''ku''': '' cow''
**'''okse''': '' bull''
*'''kylling''': '' chicken''
*'''sau''': '' sheep''
**'''lam''': '' lamb''
== Insekter (insects) ==
*'''bie''': '' bee''
*'''flue''': '' fly''
*'''humle''': '' bumblebee''
*'''maur''': '' ant''
*'''mygg''': '' mosquito''
*'''skolopender''': '' centipede''
*'''sommerfugl''': '' butterfly''
*'''tusenbein''': '' millipede''
*'''øyenstikker''': '' dragonfly''

== Kjæledyr (pets) ==
*'''gullfisk''': '' goldfish''
*'''hund''': '' dog''
**'''valp''': '' puppy''
*'''kanin''': '' rabbit''
*'''katt''': '' cat''
*'''marsvin''': '' guinea pig''
== Klovdyr (ungulates) ==
*'''elg''': '' moose''
*'''flodhest''': '' hippo''
*'''hjort''': '' red deer''
*'''moskus''': '' muskox''
*'''neshorn''': '' rhinoceros''
*'''rein, reinsdyr''': '' reindeer''
*'''rådyr''': '' roe deer''
*'''sjiraff''': '' giraffe''
*'''villsvin''': '' boar''
== Reptiler (reptiles) ==
*'''firfisle''': '' lizard''
*'''hoggorm''': '' adder''
*'''orm, slange''': '' snake''
== Rovdyr (carnivores) ==
*'''bjørn''': '' bear''
**'''bamse''': '' male bear''
**'''binne''': '' female bear''
**'''brunbjørn''': '' brown bear''
**'''isbjørn''': '' polar bear''
*'''gaupe''': '' lynx''
*'''gepard''': '' cheetah''
*'''grevling''': '' badger''
*'''jaguar''': '' jaguar''
*'''jerv''': '' wolverine''
*'''krokodille''': '' crocodile''
*'''leopard''': '' leopard''
*'''løve''': '' lion''
*'''mår''': '' pine marten''
*'''rev''': '' fox''
**'''fjellrev''': '' arctic fox''
**'''korsrev''': '' cross fox''
**'''rødrev''': '' red fox''
*'''tiger''': '' tiger''
*'''ulv''': '' wolf''
*'''vaskebjørn''': '' raccoon''
== Sjøpattedyr (marine mammals) ==
*'''delfin''': '' dolphin''
*'''hval''': '' whale''
**'''blåhval''': '' blue whale''
**'''knølhval''': '' humpback whale''
*'''hvalross''': '' walrus''
*'''nise''': '' porpoise''
*'''sel''': '' seal''
*'''spekkhogger''': '' orca, killer whale''
*'''tumler''': '' common bottlenose dolphin''

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=== {{Pouvoir Accéder et Utiliser MATE}} ===
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Writer description ==

Writer is the word processing software supplied with MATE. In this lesson, you will explore the various components of its window.

=== Launching Writer ===

Our first exercise consists in launching the Writer program. To launch a program in MATE, you can use the Applications menu. To open this menu, press the Alt+F1 shortcut.

The Applications menu opens in the top left-hand corner of the screen. Select the Office item using the down arrow key and then enter in its drop-down sub-menu with the right arrow key. 

In this drop-down sub-menu, position your cursor on the LibreOffice Writer item using the up and down arrow keys and launch the application by pressing the Enter key.

=== Components of the Writer application window ===

Now that the Writer application has been launched, its window may not occupy the full screen. You can maximize it to make your work easier and not confuse this window with other elements of the MATE desktop. To achieve this, pull down the Window menu  by pressing the Alt+Space-bar shortcut.

From the Window menu, select the Maximize command and press Enter. If this command is not listed, this means that the window is already  maximized and all you have to do is press Escape to close the menu.

Now that the Writer window has been maximized, let's take a look at its components. Like any application window, the Writer window has a top title bar with a Window menu button to its left and the Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons to its right. The Window menu commands let you resize the window using the keyboard instead of the mouse, while the buttons to the right end of the bar let you perform the same task using the mouse only.

Below the title bar you find a menu bar with eleven items: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Styles, Table, Form, Tools, Window and Help. Each menu allows you to select commands related to the word processing application. You can explore the commands in the File menu from the screenshot below (see page 7 of the touchscreen guide or plug in the touchscreen module if you are blind).

[[Média:Writer-fichier.png|le menu Fichier]]

You can now explore the Menu bar commands on your computer. Start by selecting the first item of the Menu bar by pressing the F10 key. You can then move from one menu to another by pressing the right or left arrow keys. To select a command within a menu drop down list, use the up and down arrow keys.

To close the menu, press the Escape key, and the cursor will return to the editing area of the document window.

Your cursor is now staying in the empty document that was opened when Writer was launched. By default, this document is called Untitled 1 until you assign it another name. You'll see how to assign a proper name to this document in the next lesson, Document management&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;.

Write a few words or, if you prefer, enter the following quote from George Sand: “He was a good young man, but very short on ideas.”

== Managing documents ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to open, save and print a document. If you just followed the previous lesson, Writer and the document you've been working on should be still open. If not, start Writer now, referring to the previous lesson, and write a sentence.

=== Recording a document ===
You're now going to save the document you've been working on. To do this, pull down the file menu using the Alt+F keyboard shortcut. Then select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens.

Note: if you haven't already named your document, the Save command acts just like the Save As command. Find below the image of the dialog box  (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind)&lt;sup&gt;[2]&lt;/sup&gt;.

[[Média:Writer-capture3.png|la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]]

By default, the cursor is positioned in the field where you should enter the name of the file to be saved. Also by default, the file is named “Untitled 1”. You'll need to give your document a different name and path. For this exercise, save the file in the Documents folder within your home folder. After deleting the default name, type : ~/Documents/your_surname. Everywhere in the MATE environment, the symbol ~  (tilde)  represent the root of your personal folder (your home) and saves you typing the full string:  /home/your_user_name. To complete the operation, press Enter.

The document should now bear your surname and be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder. Note that you could continue to work in the document, since it's still open, and regularly save changes using the File menu's Save command. The keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+S. Try this command by writing a few more words on what you think is essential to remember about MATE and save these changes.

You have just saved the changes you made to your document under the same name and path you choose when you saved it the first time. Note that no dialog box opens, as the save operation is performed automatically when the document has been saved previously.

=== Saving a document under a different name ===
You may want to save the document you're working on under a different name. This may happen, for example, when you make changes and want to keep an original version of the document.

For this exercise, add a few more words to your document. To save it, pull down the File menu using the Alt+F shortcut and select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens. Note that the keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+Shift+S.

At this stage, you need to give your document a new name. The cursor is in the File name field. Delete your surname and type your first name. To confirm, press Enter. Your document will be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder.

Remember that a document can be saved in different formats, such as Open Document Text (odt) , Word 2003, Word 2007, Rich Text Format (rtf) or Plain Text. These formats can be found in the “File type” drop-down list located at the bottom right of the Save As dialog box. Use the tab key to reach this box (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind).

[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Writer-capture3.png la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]

=== Creating a new document ===
You can now open a brand new document by selecting the New command from the File menu. For this exercise, use its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+N. This command opens a window displaying a new, blank document.

If you go to the File menu, you'll notice that the New command has a sub-menu. This allows you to create a different type of document from a word processing document, because in addition to Writer, LibreOffice includes other tools for creating spreadsheets, presentation slides and so on. To browse the type sub-menu, use the up and down arrows and, for this exercise, choose Text Document.

=== Opening an existing document ===
To open an existing document, pull down the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Then select the Open command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Open dialog box appears. Alternatively, you can invoke the Open command using the Ctrl+O keyboard shortcut. Try one of these two methods.

Depending on the version of LibreOffice you are using or its current settings, the open file interface might be different. In one case the Open dialog box is structured in the same way as the Save As dialog box. By default, the cursor is in the File name field. You can enter the path and name of the document you wish to open, i.e. ~/Documents/your-surname, and press Enter.

If the open file interface does propose the file name field, or if you don't remember the exact name of your file, you'll need to browse the list of folders and files installed on your system, which can be found in the Open dialog box. Let's take a moment to explore the few folders and files it contains. Another way do manage this is to use the file system manager to navigate to your file and open it directly. We will look at this in the Module 3.

=== Printing a document ===
The document with your surname as title should be open on the screen. To print it, open the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Using the down arrow key, select the Print command and press Enter. The Print dialog box appears. You can also use directly the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+P. Now carry out the exercise, choosing the method that suits you best.

Make sure the Print dialog box is open. There are several tabs in this dialog box. The General tab is the one selected by default when you open this dialog box. This sheet has three sections: Printer,  Range and Copies and Page Layout.  

The Printer section lets you change the printer device or select a Braille printout.  

The Range and Copies section lets you specify which pages are to be printed. To this end, it includes a radio button which allows you to print either All Pages, i.e. the entire document, and this is the option by default, or specified Pages by using the input box next to it.  Finally, in this section you can change the number of copies to be printed, with only one printed by default. Simply press enter to print one copy of the entire document.    

To the right of the Pages radio button, you'll find a Pages input field. This is used to define the pages to be printed. Remember that the All pages radio button prints the entire document.    

To specify the number of copies you wish to print, use Tab to move the cursor to the Number of copies input field. Then simply enter the number corresponding to the number of copies to be printed, and press Enter.    

You can now explore the Print dialog box. You can move the cursor over the various options using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys. The Tab key is used to select items in a certain order, while the Shift-Tab key select them in reverse order. Use the up and down arrow keys to change the radio buttons selection. Once you've explored the dialog box, go to the Printer section, which contains a list of available printers[2].    

The cursor should be on the Printer field, which is a drop-down list of available printers. To open the list, press the space bar and use the up or down arrow keys to explore it. As usual, to confirm the printer selection, you can press Enter, if you have already completed the rest of the dialog box. Enter validates the dialog box and start the printing operation while Escape cancel it.    

The third section of this tab is the Page Layout with the fields Paper size and Orientation. These two are drop boxes that you open with the space bar, navigate with Up or Down arrow and select an item with the Enter key.    

This concludes the lesson in which you have completed several document management exercises. Among other things, you've learned how to open an application and how to save, create and print documents. In the next lesson, we'll show you how to perform document entry tasks.    

== Editing a document ==
One of the advantages of using a computer to produce a document, is that you can start writing a text and make corrections as you go along. Within a document, you can move, copy or delete part of a text or the entire text. To do this, you must first select the whole text or part of it which is concerned. This is what we're going to do next.

Make sure you have opened the document bearing your surname in Writer.

=== Text selection ===
You can select an entire document using the Edit menu's Select All command, or its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+A. When text is selected, it is highlighted on the screen. To deactivate a text selection, you can press the one arrow key.

To select a segment of text, a entire phrase for exemple, position the cursor at the beginning of the segment, hold down the Shift key and move the cursor to the end of the segment using the right arrow key. The right arrow key selects one character at a time, while the down arrow key selects the text from the current cursor position to the end of line. Then release the arrow and the shift keys[3].

Note that rather than selecting one character at a time you can select an entire word by using the Ctrl+Shift+Right arrow shortcut which will move the cursor  to the beginning of the next word. Then using the Left arrow will deselect the latest selected segment. Similarly Ctrl+Shift+Up and Down arrows let you select - or deselect - the entire paragraph above or below the cursor. These commands select or read the paragraph while moving the cursor to the beginning or end of the paragraph.

Finally, note that wherever the cursor is inside a document, you can move it quickly to its beginning by pressing the Ctrl+Home shortcut. Similarly, to move the cursor to the end of a document, you need to press Ctrl+End. But if you want to select the text between the current cursor position end the top or the bottom of the document you can use respectively the Ctrl+Shift+Home and Ctrl+Shift+End shortcuts.

=== Copying text ===
It is possible to copy text segment to another location in your document. To achieve this, first select the text segment you want to copy and then press the Ctrl+C shortcut to execute the Copy command. This will copy the selected segment into a temporary memory location, known as the clipboard. For this exercise, select and copy the first sentence of your document.

Your sentence should now be copied to the clipboard and you can now paste it elsewhere in your document. For this exercise, position the cursor at the end of your text, using the Ctrl+End shortcut, and then use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Your copied sentence should now be pasted at the end of the document. Note that you can copy any kind of text segment, like a word, a sentence or a paragraph.

=== Moving text ===
You can also move a text segment, i.e. change its position within the document. . You'll be able to do this exercise in a few moments, but for now, remember the following procedure. Select the text segment, execute the Cut command by using the Ctrl+X shortcut. This time, before removing this text segment from the document, it is copied into the clipboard. Then move the cursor at the new place in the document and use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Note that this copy-paste method is not restricted to your document, but applicable to the entire MATE desktop operations.  For example, to move a line of text  in the input field of the Writer's Save As dialog box, the procedure is as follows. Select the text, execute the Cut command, open the Save As dialog box and execute immediately the Paste command. Now we will show you how to move a sentence to another document.

First, select a sentence in the current document bearing your surname and press Ctrl+X to cut it.

Make sure you have saved your changes to this document by pressing the Ctrl+S shortcut. Next, open another document. To do this, launch the Open dialog box using the Ctrl+0 shortcut, and navigate to the document you want to open, for example ~/Documents/your-surname.

To paste your text into the newly opened document, position the cursor where you want it to land (for example, at the beginning of the text by using Ctrl+Home), and press the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the copy.

=== Deleting text ===
It is also possible to delete portion of text. However note that, as opposed to the Cut command, when executing the Delete command the selected text segment is NOT copied to the clipboard and thus cannot be pasted elsewhere later on.

To delete an entire sentence, select it first by placing the cursor at its beginning, then hold down the Shift key, use the Right arrow key to move the cursor to the end of the sentence, then release the Shift key. Finally, press the Delete key on the keyboard and the sentence will be deleted from the text[3].

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=== {{Pouvoir Accéder et Utiliser MATE}} ===
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Writer description ==

Writer is the word processing software supplied with MATE. In this lesson, you will explore the various components of its window.

=== Launching Writer ===

Our first exercise consists in launching the Writer program. To launch a program in MATE, you can use the Applications menu. To open this menu, press the Alt+F1 shortcut.

The Applications menu opens in the top left-hand corner of the screen. Select the Office item using the down arrow key and then enter in its drop-down sub-menu with the right arrow key. 

In this drop-down sub-menu, position your cursor on the LibreOffice Writer item using the up and down arrow keys and launch the application by pressing the Enter key.

=== Components of the Writer application window ===

Now that the Writer application has been launched, its window may not occupy the full screen. You can maximize it to make your work easier and not confuse this window with other elements of the MATE desktop. To achieve this, pull down the Window menu  by pressing the Alt+Space-bar shortcut.

From the Window menu, select the Maximize command and press Enter. If this command is not listed, this means that the window is already  maximized and all you have to do is press Escape to close the menu.

Now that the Writer window has been maximized, let's take a look at its components. Like any application window, the Writer window has a top title bar with a Window menu button to its left and the Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons to its right. The Window menu commands let you resize the window using the keyboard instead of the mouse, while the buttons to the right end of the bar let you perform the same task using the mouse only.

Below the title bar you find a menu bar with eleven items: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Styles, Table, Form, Tools, Window and Help. Each menu allows you to select commands related to the word processing application. You can explore the commands in the File menu from the screenshot below (see page 7 of the touchscreen guide or plug in the touchscreen module if you are blind).

[[Média:Writer-fichier.png|le menu Fichier]]

You can now explore the Menu bar commands on your computer. Start by selecting the first item of the Menu bar by pressing the F10 key. You can then move from one menu to another by pressing the right or left arrow keys. To select a command within a menu drop down list, use the up and down arrow keys.

To close the menu, press the Escape key, and the cursor will return to the editing area of the document window.

Your cursor is now staying in the empty document that was opened when Writer was launched. By default, this document is called Untitled 1 until you assign it another name. You'll see how to assign a proper name to this document in the next lesson, Document management&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;.

Write a few words or, if you prefer, enter the following quote from George Sand: “He was a good young man, but very short on ideas.”

== Managing documents ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to open, save and print a document. If you just followed the previous lesson, Writer and the document you've been working on should be still open. If not, start Writer now, referring to the previous lesson, and write a sentence.

=== Recording a document ===
You're now going to save the document you've been working on. To do this, pull down the file menu using the Alt+F keyboard shortcut. Then select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens.

Note: if you haven't already named your document, the Save command acts just like the Save As command. Find below the image of the dialog box  (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind)&lt;sup&gt;[2]&lt;/sup&gt;.

[[Média:Writer-capture3.png|la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]]

By default, the cursor is positioned in the field where you should enter the name of the file to be saved. Also by default, the file is named “Untitled 1”. You'll need to give your document a different name and path. For this exercise, save the file in the Documents folder within your home folder. After deleting the default name, type : ~/Documents/your_surname. Everywhere in the MATE environment, the symbol ~  (tilde)  represent the root of your personal folder (your home) and saves you typing the full string:  /home/your_user_name. To complete the operation, press Enter.

The document should now bear your surname and be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder. Note that you could continue to work in the document, since it's still open, and regularly save changes using the File menu's Save command. The keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+S. Try this command by writing a few more words on what you think is essential to remember about MATE and save these changes.

You have just saved the changes you made to your document under the same name and path you choose when you saved it the first time. Note that no dialog box opens, as the save operation is performed automatically when the document has been saved previously.

=== Saving a document under a different name ===
You may want to save the document you're working on under a different name. This may happen, for example, when you make changes and want to keep an original version of the document.

For this exercise, add a few more words to your document. To save it, pull down the File menu using the Alt+F shortcut and select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens. Note that the keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+Shift+S.

At this stage, you need to give your document a new name. The cursor is in the File name field. Delete your surname and type your first name. To confirm, press Enter. Your document will be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder.

Remember that a document can be saved in different formats, such as Open Document Text (odt) , Word 2003, Word 2007, Rich Text Format (rtf) or Plain Text. These formats can be found in the “File type” drop-down list located at the bottom right of the Save As dialog box. Use the tab key to reach this box (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind).

[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Writer-capture3.png la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]

=== Creating a new document ===
You can now open a brand new document by selecting the New command from the File menu. For this exercise, use its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+N. This command opens a window displaying a new, blank document.

If you go to the File menu, you'll notice that the New command has a sub-menu. This allows you to create a different type of document from a word processing document, because in addition to Writer, LibreOffice includes other tools for creating spreadsheets, presentation slides and so on. To browse the type sub-menu, use the up and down arrows and, for this exercise, choose Text Document.

=== Opening an existing document ===
To open an existing document, pull down the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Then select the Open command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Open dialog box appears. Alternatively, you can invoke the Open command using the Ctrl+O keyboard shortcut. Try one of these two methods.

Depending on the version of LibreOffice you are using or its current settings, the open file interface might be different. In one case the Open dialog box is structured in the same way as the Save As dialog box. By default, the cursor is in the File name field. You can enter the path and name of the document you wish to open, i.e. ~/Documents/your-surname, and press Enter.

If the open file interface does propose the file name field, or if you don't remember the exact name of your file, you'll need to browse the list of folders and files installed on your system, which can be found in the Open dialog box. Let's take a moment to explore the few folders and files it contains. Another way do manage this is to use the file system manager to navigate to your file and open it directly. We will look at this in the Module 3.

=== Printing a document ===
The document with your surname as title should be open on the screen. To print it, open the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Using the down arrow key, select the Print command and press Enter. The Print dialog box appears. You can also use directly the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+P. Now carry out the exercise, choosing the method that suits you best.

Make sure the Print dialog box is open. There are several tabs in this dialog box. The General tab is the one selected by default when you open this dialog box. This sheet has three sections: Printer,  Range and Copies and Page Layout.  

The Printer section lets you change the printer device or select a Braille printout.  

The Range and Copies section lets you specify which pages are to be printed. To this end, it includes a radio button which allows you to print either All Pages, i.e. the entire document, and this is the option by default, or specified Pages by using the input box next to it.  Finally, in this section you can change the number of copies to be printed, with only one printed by default. Simply press enter to print one copy of the entire document.    

To the right of the Pages radio button, you'll find a Pages input field. This is used to define the pages to be printed. Remember that the All pages radio button prints the entire document.    

To specify the number of copies you wish to print, use Tab to move the cursor to the Number of copies input field. Then simply enter the number corresponding to the number of copies to be printed, and press Enter.    

You can now explore the Print dialog box. You can move the cursor over the various options using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys. The Tab key is used to select items in a certain order, while the Shift-Tab key select them in reverse order. Use the up and down arrow keys to change the radio buttons selection. Once you've explored the dialog box, go to the Printer section, which contains a list of available printers[2].    

The cursor should be on the Printer field, which is a drop-down list of available printers. To open the list, press the space bar and use the up or down arrow keys to explore it. As usual, to confirm the printer selection, you can press Enter, if you have already completed the rest of the dialog box. Enter validates the dialog box and start the printing operation while Escape cancel it.    

The third section of this tab is the Page Layout with the fields Paper size and Orientation. These two are drop boxes that you open with the space bar, navigate with Up or Down arrow and select an item with the Enter key.    

This concludes the lesson in which you have completed several document management exercises. Among other things, you've learned how to open an application and how to save, create and print documents. In the next lesson, we'll show you how to perform document entry tasks.    

== Editing a document ==
One of the advantages of using a computer to produce a document, is that you can start writing a text and make corrections as you go along. Within a document, you can move, copy or delete part of a text or the entire text. To do this, you must first select the whole text or part of it which is concerned. This is what we're going to do next.

Make sure you have opened the document bearing your surname in Writer.

=== Text selection ===
You can select an entire document using the Edit menu's Select All command, or its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+A. When text is selected, it is highlighted on the screen. To deactivate a text selection, you can press the one arrow key.

To select a segment of text, a entire phrase for exemple, position the cursor at the beginning of the segment, hold down the Shift key and move the cursor to the end of the segment using the right arrow key. The right arrow key selects one character at a time, while the down arrow key selects the text from the current cursor position to the end of line. Then release the arrow and the shift keys[3].

Note that rather than selecting one character at a time you can select an entire word by using the Ctrl+Shift+Right arrow shortcut which will move the cursor  to the beginning of the next word. Then using the Left arrow will deselect the latest selected segment. Similarly Ctrl+Shift+Up and Down arrows let you select - or deselect - the entire paragraph above or below the cursor. These commands select or read the paragraph while moving the cursor to the beginning or end of the paragraph.

Finally, note that wherever the cursor is inside a document, you can move it quickly to its beginning by pressing the Ctrl+Home shortcut. Similarly, to move the cursor to the end of a document, you need to press Ctrl+End. But if you want to select the text between the current cursor position end the top or the bottom of the document you can use respectively the Ctrl+Shift+Home and Ctrl+Shift+End shortcuts.

=== Copying text ===
It is possible to copy text segment to another location in your document. To achieve this, first select the text segment you want to copy and then press the Ctrl+C shortcut to execute the Copy command. This will copy the selected segment into a temporary memory location, known as the clipboard. For this exercise, select and copy the first sentence of your document.

Your sentence should now be copied to the clipboard and you can now paste it elsewhere in your document. For this exercise, position the cursor at the end of your text, using the Ctrl+End shortcut, and then use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Your copied sentence should now be pasted at the end of the document. Note that you can copy any kind of text segment, like a word, a sentence or a paragraph.

=== Moving text ===
You can also move a text segment, i.e. change its position within the document. . You'll be able to do this exercise in a few moments, but for now, remember the following procedure. Select the text segment, execute the Cut command by using the Ctrl+X shortcut. This time, before removing this text segment from the document, it is copied into the clipboard. Then move the cursor at the new place in the document and use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Note that this copy-paste method is not restricted to your document, but applicable to the entire MATE desktop operations.  For example, to move a line of text  in the input field of the Writer's Save As dialog box, the procedure is as follows. Select the text, execute the Cut command, open the Save As dialog box and execute immediately the Paste command. Now we will show you how to move a sentence to another document.

First, select a sentence in the current document bearing your surname and press Ctrl+X to cut it.

Make sure you have saved your changes to this document by pressing the Ctrl+S shortcut. Next, open another document. To do this, launch the Open dialog box using the Ctrl+0 shortcut, and navigate to the document you want to open, for example ~/Documents/your-surname.

To paste your text into the newly opened document, position the cursor where you want it to land (for example, at the beginning of the text by using Ctrl+Home), and press the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the copy.

=== Deleting text ===
It is also possible to delete portion of text. However note that, as opposed to the Cut command, when executing the Delete command the selected text segment is NOT copied to the clipboard and thus cannot be pasted elsewhere later on.

To delete an entire sentence, select it first by placing the cursor at its beginning, then hold down the Shift key, use the Right arrow key to move the cursor to the end of the sentence, then release the Shift key. Finally, press the Delete key on the keyboard and the sentence will be deleted from the text[3].

=== Canceling the previous action ===
Sometimes we perform an action and get an unexpected result. MATE has therefore provided a very useful command for undoing the previous action. For example, if you've just deleted a sentence by mistake, you can recover the sentence using the Undo command in the Edit menu. or the Ctrl+Z shortcut. Please note that by default you can undo up to 100 previous steps. Conversely you can Redo the previous undone action by using the Ctrl+Y shortcut.

=== Word find and replace ===
Suppose you have mistakenly entered a term in your text and unfortunately it is repeated in several places. The Find &amp; Replace function is designed to search for each occurrence of the erroneous term in your document and replace it with the new one.

In this exercice we are going to replace all occurrences of the given term, so the initial position of the cursor is irrelevant. Butr in case of doubts, use Ctrl+Home to position it at the top.

You'll now use the Find &amp; Replace command, which can be found in Edit menu or by pressing the Ctrl+H shortcut. When the dialog box opens, enter the string to be searched for in the Find input field, which has the focus by default.

In the dialog box, enter the text to be searched for in the Find text input field, where the cursor is already positioned by default. Now presse Tab four times to position the cursor in the Replace input field, and enter the new replacement string. 

Finally, use the Tab key again to position the cursor on the Replace All button and press Enter to start the operation. This command will replace all occurrences of the given string with the new one throughout the whole document.

Once all the given terms have been replaced, the dialog box indicates the number of occurrences processed. Press Escape to close the Find &amp; Replace dialog box. And don't forget to save the changes you've made to your document with the shortcut Ctrl+S.

=== Find a word ===
If you simply want to find the place in your text where you deal with a particular subject, Writer can search for a given string and identifies all its occurrences within your document.

First place your cursor where you wish to start the search, then use the Find command in the Edit menu, or the Ctrl+F shortcut. 

A text input field opens at the bottom left of the Writer window and you can type the string to be searched for, and press Enter.

The next occurrence of the given string will be highlighted on th screen and you can move to the next one with the F3 function key.

If the given string is not found in the document a No Entry sign is displayed at the right end of the entry field. To close this search field simply press Escape.

Remember : If you make any changes to your document, save them by using the Ctrl+S shortcut.

This concludes the lesson in which you have learned how to manipulate text in a Writer document and in MATE. In the next lesson, we'll look at how to format text through a few exercises.

== Text formatting ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to apply basic formatting to your text. For example, by applying to it a particular font style and size.

This lesson does not cover style management. Note, however, that for more serious use of word processing, you need to master this notion. Firstly, because it guarantees blind people that all identical sections in a document are formatted as intended and consistently. Secondly, because styles allow you to access more advanced functions, such as the table of contents. And finally, if you want to write a title but have no idea how it should be presented, the default style takes care of that for you, based on classic conventions.


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=== {{Pouvoir Accéder et Utiliser MATE}} ===
&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Writer description ==

Writer is the word processing software supplied with MATE. In this lesson, you will explore the various components of its window.

=== Launching Writer ===

Our first exercise consists in launching the Writer program. To launch a program in MATE, you can use the Applications menu. To open this menu, press the Alt+F1 shortcut.

The Applications menu opens in the top left-hand corner of the screen. Select the Office item using the down arrow key and then enter in its drop-down sub-menu with the right arrow key. 

In this drop-down sub-menu, position your cursor on the LibreOffice Writer item using the up and down arrow keys and launch the application by pressing the Enter key.

=== Components of the Writer application window ===

Now that the Writer application has been launched, its window may not occupy the full screen. You can maximize it to make your work easier and not confuse this window with other elements of the MATE desktop. To achieve this, pull down the Window menu  by pressing the Alt+Space-bar shortcut.

From the Window menu, select the Maximize command and press Enter. If this command is not listed, this means that the window is already  maximized and all you have to do is press Escape to close the menu.

Now that the Writer window has been maximized, let's take a look at its components. Like any application window, the Writer window has a top title bar with a Window menu button to its left and the Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons to its right. The Window menu commands let you resize the window using the keyboard instead of the mouse, while the buttons to the right end of the bar let you perform the same task using the mouse only.

Below the title bar you find a menu bar with eleven items: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Styles, Table, Form, Tools, Window and Help. Each menu allows you to select commands related to the word processing application. You can explore the commands in the File menu from the screenshot below (see page 7 of the touchscreen guide or plug in the touchscreen module if you are blind).

[[Média:Writer-fichier.png|le menu Fichier]]

You can now explore the Menu bar commands on your computer. Start by selecting the first item of the Menu bar by pressing the F10 key. You can then move from one menu to another by pressing the right or left arrow keys. To select a command within a menu drop down list, use the up and down arrow keys.

To close the menu, press the Escape key, and the cursor will return to the editing area of the document window.

Your cursor is now staying in the empty document that was opened when Writer was launched. By default, this document is called Untitled 1 until you assign it another name. You'll see how to assign a proper name to this document in the next lesson, Document management&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;.

Write a few words or, if you prefer, enter the following quote from George Sand: “He was a good young man, but very short on ideas.”

== Managing documents ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to open, save and print a document. If you just followed the previous lesson, Writer and the document you've been working on should be still open. If not, start Writer now, referring to the previous lesson, and write a sentence.

=== Recording a document ===
You're now going to save the document you've been working on. To do this, pull down the file menu using the Alt+F keyboard shortcut. Then select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens.

Note: if you haven't already named your document, the Save command acts just like the Save As command. Find below the image of the dialog box  (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind)&lt;sup&gt;[2]&lt;/sup&gt;.

[[Média:Writer-capture3.png|la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]]

By default, the cursor is positioned in the field where you should enter the name of the file to be saved. Also by default, the file is named “Untitled 1”. You'll need to give your document a different name and path. For this exercise, save the file in the Documents folder within your home folder. After deleting the default name, type : ~/Documents/your_surname. Everywhere in the MATE environment, the symbol ~  (tilde)  represent the root of your personal folder (your home) and saves you typing the full string:  /home/your_user_name. To complete the operation, press Enter.

The document should now bear your surname and be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder. Note that you could continue to work in the document, since it's still open, and regularly save changes using the File menu's Save command. The keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+S. Try this command by writing a few more words on what you think is essential to remember about MATE and save these changes.

You have just saved the changes you made to your document under the same name and path you choose when you saved it the first time. Note that no dialog box opens, as the save operation is performed automatically when the document has been saved previously.

=== Saving a document under a different name ===
You may want to save the document you're working on under a different name. This may happen, for example, when you make changes and want to keep an original version of the document.

For this exercise, add a few more words to your document. To save it, pull down the File menu using the Alt+F shortcut and select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens. Note that the keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+Shift+S.

At this stage, you need to give your document a new name. The cursor is in the File name field. Delete your surname and type your first name. To confirm, press Enter. Your document will be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder.

Remember that a document can be saved in different formats, such as Open Document Text (odt) , Word 2003, Word 2007, Rich Text Format (rtf) or Plain Text. These formats can be found in the “File type” drop-down list located at the bottom right of the Save As dialog box. Use the tab key to reach this box (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind).

[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Writer-capture3.png la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]

=== Creating a new document ===
You can now open a brand new document by selecting the New command from the File menu. For this exercise, use its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+N. This command opens a window displaying a new, blank document.

If you go to the File menu, you'll notice that the New command has a sub-menu. This allows you to create a different type of document from a word processing document, because in addition to Writer, LibreOffice includes other tools for creating spreadsheets, presentation slides and so on. To browse the type sub-menu, use the up and down arrows and, for this exercise, choose Text Document.

=== Opening an existing document ===
To open an existing document, pull down the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Then select the Open command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Open dialog box appears. Alternatively, you can invoke the Open command using the Ctrl+O keyboard shortcut. Try one of these two methods.

Depending on the version of LibreOffice you are using or its current settings, the open file interface might be different. In one case the Open dialog box is structured in the same way as the Save As dialog box. By default, the cursor is in the File name field. You can enter the path and name of the document you wish to open, i.e. ~/Documents/your-surname, and press Enter.

If the open file interface does propose the file name field, or if you don't remember the exact name of your file, you'll need to browse the list of folders and files installed on your system, which can be found in the Open dialog box. Let's take a moment to explore the few folders and files it contains. Another way do manage this is to use the file system manager to navigate to your file and open it directly. We will look at this in the Module 3.

=== Printing a document ===
The document with your surname as title should be open on the screen. To print it, open the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Using the down arrow key, select the Print command and press Enter. The Print dialog box appears. You can also use directly the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+P. Now carry out the exercise, choosing the method that suits you best.

Make sure the Print dialog box is open. There are several tabs in this dialog box. The General tab is the one selected by default when you open this dialog box. This sheet has three sections: Printer,  Range and Copies and Page Layout.  

The Printer section lets you change the printer device or select a Braille printout.  

The Range and Copies section lets you specify which pages are to be printed. To this end, it includes a radio button which allows you to print either All Pages, i.e. the entire document, and this is the option by default, or specified Pages by using the input box next to it.  Finally, in this section you can change the number of copies to be printed, with only one printed by default. Simply press enter to print one copy of the entire document.    

To the right of the Pages radio button, you'll find a Pages input field. This is used to define the pages to be printed. Remember that the All pages radio button prints the entire document.    

To specify the number of copies you wish to print, use Tab to move the cursor to the Number of copies input field. Then simply enter the number corresponding to the number of copies to be printed, and press Enter.    

You can now explore the Print dialog box. You can move the cursor over the various options using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys. The Tab key is used to select items in a certain order, while the Shift-Tab key select them in reverse order. Use the up and down arrow keys to change the radio buttons selection. Once you've explored the dialog box, go to the Printer section, which contains a list of available printers[2].    

The cursor should be on the Printer field, which is a drop-down list of available printers. To open the list, press the space bar and use the up or down arrow keys to explore it. As usual, to confirm the printer selection, you can press Enter, if you have already completed the rest of the dialog box. Enter validates the dialog box and start the printing operation while Escape cancel it.    

The third section of this tab is the Page Layout with the fields Paper size and Orientation. These two are drop boxes that you open with the space bar, navigate with Up or Down arrow and select an item with the Enter key.    

This concludes the lesson in which you have completed several document management exercises. Among other things, you've learned how to open an application and how to save, create and print documents. In the next lesson, we'll show you how to perform document entry tasks.    

== Editing a document ==
One of the advantages of using a computer to produce a document, is that you can start writing a text and make corrections as you go along. Within a document, you can move, copy or delete part of a text or the entire text. To do this, you must first select the whole text or part of it which is concerned. This is what we're going to do next.

Make sure you have opened the document bearing your surname in Writer.

=== Text selection ===
You can select an entire document using the Edit menu's Select All command, or its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+A. When text is selected, it is highlighted on the screen. To deactivate a text selection, you can press the one arrow key.

To select a segment of text, a entire phrase for exemple, position the cursor at the beginning of the segment, hold down the Shift key and move the cursor to the end of the segment using the right arrow key. The right arrow key selects one character at a time, while the down arrow key selects the text from the current cursor position to the end of line. Then release the arrow and the shift keys[3].

Note that rather than selecting one character at a time you can select an entire word by using the Ctrl+Shift+Right arrow shortcut which will move the cursor  to the beginning of the next word. Then using the Left arrow will deselect the latest selected segment. Similarly Ctrl+Shift+Up and Down arrows let you select - or deselect - the entire paragraph above or below the cursor. These commands select or read the paragraph while moving the cursor to the beginning or end of the paragraph.

Finally, note that wherever the cursor is inside a document, you can move it quickly to its beginning by pressing the Ctrl+Home shortcut. Similarly, to move the cursor to the end of a document, you need to press Ctrl+End. But if you want to select the text between the current cursor position end the top or the bottom of the document you can use respectively the Ctrl+Shift+Home and Ctrl+Shift+End shortcuts.

=== Copying text ===
It is possible to copy text segment to another location in your document. To achieve this, first select the text segment you want to copy and then press the Ctrl+C shortcut to execute the Copy command. This will copy the selected segment into a temporary memory location, known as the clipboard. For this exercise, select and copy the first sentence of your document.

Your sentence should now be copied to the clipboard and you can now paste it elsewhere in your document. For this exercise, position the cursor at the end of your text, using the Ctrl+End shortcut, and then use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Your copied sentence should now be pasted at the end of the document. Note that you can copy any kind of text segment, like a word, a sentence or a paragraph.

=== Moving text ===
You can also move a text segment, i.e. change its position within the document. . You'll be able to do this exercise in a few moments, but for now, remember the following procedure. Select the text segment, execute the Cut command by using the Ctrl+X shortcut. This time, before removing this text segment from the document, it is copied into the clipboard. Then move the cursor at the new place in the document and use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Note that this copy-paste method is not restricted to your document, but applicable to the entire MATE desktop operations.  For example, to move a line of text  in the input field of the Writer's Save As dialog box, the procedure is as follows. Select the text, execute the Cut command, open the Save As dialog box and execute immediately the Paste command. Now we will show you how to move a sentence to another document.

First, select a sentence in the current document bearing your surname and press Ctrl+X to cut it.

Make sure you have saved your changes to this document by pressing the Ctrl+S shortcut. Next, open another document. To do this, launch the Open dialog box using the Ctrl+0 shortcut, and navigate to the document you want to open, for example ~/Documents/your-surname.

To paste your text into the newly opened document, position the cursor where you want it to land (for example, at the beginning of the text by using Ctrl+Home), and press the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the copy.

=== Deleting text ===
It is also possible to delete portion of text. However note that, as opposed to the Cut command, when executing the Delete command the selected text segment is NOT copied to the clipboard and thus cannot be pasted elsewhere later on.

To delete an entire sentence, select it first by placing the cursor at its beginning, then hold down the Shift key, use the Right arrow key to move the cursor to the end of the sentence, then release the Shift key. Finally, press the Delete key on the keyboard and the sentence will be deleted from the text[3].

=== Canceling the previous action ===
Sometimes we perform an action and get an unexpected result. MATE has therefore provided a very useful command for undoing the previous action. For example, if you've just deleted a sentence by mistake, you can recover the sentence using the Undo command in the Edit menu. or the Ctrl+Z shortcut. Please note that by default you can undo up to 100 previous steps. Conversely you can Redo the previous undone action by using the Ctrl+Y shortcut.

=== Word find and replace ===
Suppose you have mistakenly entered a term in your text and unfortunately it is repeated in several places. The Find &amp; Replace function is designed to search for each occurrence of the erroneous term in your document and replace it with the new one.

In this exercice we are going to replace all occurrences of the given term, so the initial position of the cursor is irrelevant. Butr in case of doubts, use Ctrl+Home to position it at the top.

You'll now use the Find &amp; Replace command, which can be found in Edit menu or by pressing the Ctrl+H shortcut. When the dialog box opens, enter the string to be searched for in the Find input field, which has the focus by default.

In the dialog box, enter the text to be searched for in the Find text input field, where the cursor is already positioned by default. Now presse Tab four times to position the cursor in the Replace input field, and enter the new replacement string. 

Finally, use the Tab key again to position the cursor on the Replace All button and press Enter to start the operation. This command will replace all occurrences of the given string with the new one throughout the whole document.

Once all the given terms have been replaced, the dialog box indicates the number of occurrences processed. Press Escape to close the Find &amp; Replace dialog box. And don't forget to save the changes you've made to your document with the shortcut Ctrl+S.

=== Find a word ===
If you simply want to find the place in your text where you deal with a particular subject, Writer can search for a given string and identifies all its occurrences within your document.

First place your cursor where you wish to start the search, then use the Find command in the Edit menu, or the Ctrl+F shortcut. 

A text input field opens at the bottom left of the Writer window and you can type the string to be searched for, and press Enter.

The next occurrence of the given string will be highlighted on th screen and you can move to the next one with the F3 function key.

If the given string is not found in the document a No Entry sign is displayed at the right end of the entry field. To close this search field simply press Escape.

Remember : If you make any changes to your document, save them by using the Ctrl+S shortcut.

This concludes the lesson in which you have learned how to manipulate text in a Writer document and in MATE. In the next lesson, we'll look at how to format text through a few exercises.

== Text formatting ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to apply basic formatting to your text. For example, by applying to it a particular font style and size.

This lesson does not cover style management. Note, however, that for more serious use of word processing, you need to master this notion. Firstly, because it guarantees blind people that all identical sections in a document are formatted as intended and consistently. Secondly, because styles allow you to access more advanced functions, such as the table of contents. And finally, if you want to write a title but have no idea how it should be presented, the default style takes care of that for you, based on classic conventions.

=== Inserting date and time ===
You can insert the date and time in your documents. This convenient function makes it easier to identify and update your documents.

Make sure you have opened a document and positioned the cursor at the point in the text where you want to insert this information.

Now pull down the Insert menu by pressing the Alt+I shortcut. Within the drop-down menu, you can select the Field command by pressing the D key to get there directly, and in the sub-menu use again the D key and Enter to insert the current date or the T key and Enter to insert the current time.

The date format depends on default set in your system configuration.

Don't forget to save your change with the now famous Ctrl+S shortcut.

=== Font modification ===
When using a word processor, you can also change the type (or family), the style and the size of characters using the Character command. These changes are directly visible on the screen. To try out some font modification, open one of your documents if you haven't already done so. Make sure it contains text and select it all using the Ctrl+A keyboard shortcut [3]. Then open the Format menu by pfressing the Alt+O shortcut and select the Character command using the H key. Be aware that, in this menu, the H key can select either the Character or the Anchor command. When Character is selected press Enter to open the  Character dialog box.

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=== {{Pouvoir Accéder et Utiliser MATE}} ===
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== Writer description ==

Writer is the word processing software supplied with MATE. In this lesson, you will explore the various components of its window.

=== Launching Writer ===

Our first exercise consists in launching the Writer program. To launch a program in MATE, you can use the Applications menu. To open this menu, press the Alt+F1 shortcut.

The Applications menu opens in the top left-hand corner of the screen. Select the Office item using the down arrow key and then enter in its drop-down sub-menu with the right arrow key. 

In this drop-down sub-menu, position your cursor on the LibreOffice Writer item using the up and down arrow keys and launch the application by pressing the Enter key.

=== Components of the Writer application window ===

Now that the Writer application has been launched, its window may not occupy the full screen. You can maximize it to make your work easier and not confuse this window with other elements of the MATE desktop. To achieve this, pull down the Window menu  by pressing the Alt+Space-bar shortcut.

From the Window menu, select the Maximize command and press Enter. If this command is not listed, this means that the window is already  maximized and all you have to do is press Escape to close the menu.

Now that the Writer window has been maximized, let's take a look at its components. Like any application window, the Writer window has a top title bar with a Window menu button to its left and the Minimize, Maximize and Close buttons to its right. The Window menu commands let you resize the window using the keyboard instead of the mouse, while the buttons to the right end of the bar let you perform the same task using the mouse only.

Below the title bar you find a menu bar with eleven items: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Styles, Table, Form, Tools, Window and Help. Each menu allows you to select commands related to the word processing application. You can explore the commands in the File menu from the screenshot below (see page 7 of the touchscreen guide or plug in the touchscreen module if you are blind).

[[Média:Writer-fichier.png|le menu Fichier]]

You can now explore the Menu bar commands on your computer. Start by selecting the first item of the Menu bar by pressing the F10 key. You can then move from one menu to another by pressing the right or left arrow keys. To select a command within a menu drop down list, use the up and down arrow keys.

To close the menu, press the Escape key, and the cursor will return to the editing area of the document window.

Your cursor is now staying in the empty document that was opened when Writer was launched. By default, this document is called Untitled 1 until you assign it another name. You'll see how to assign a proper name to this document in the next lesson, Document management&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt;.

Write a few words or, if you prefer, enter the following quote from George Sand: “He was a good young man, but very short on ideas.”

== Managing documents ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to open, save and print a document. If you just followed the previous lesson, Writer and the document you've been working on should be still open. If not, start Writer now, referring to the previous lesson, and write a sentence.

=== Recording a document ===
You're now going to save the document you've been working on. To do this, pull down the file menu using the Alt+F keyboard shortcut. Then select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens.

Note: if you haven't already named your document, the Save command acts just like the Save As command. Find below the image of the dialog box  (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind)&lt;sup&gt;[2]&lt;/sup&gt;.

[[Média:Writer-capture3.png|la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]]

By default, the cursor is positioned in the field where you should enter the name of the file to be saved. Also by default, the file is named “Untitled 1”. You'll need to give your document a different name and path. For this exercise, save the file in the Documents folder within your home folder. After deleting the default name, type : ~/Documents/your_surname. Everywhere in the MATE environment, the symbol ~  (tilde)  represent the root of your personal folder (your home) and saves you typing the full string:  /home/your_user_name. To complete the operation, press Enter.

The document should now bear your surname and be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder. Note that you could continue to work in the document, since it's still open, and regularly save changes using the File menu's Save command. The keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+S. Try this command by writing a few more words on what you think is essential to remember about MATE and save these changes.

You have just saved the changes you made to your document under the same name and path you choose when you saved it the first time. Note that no dialog box opens, as the save operation is performed automatically when the document has been saved previously.

=== Saving a document under a different name ===
You may want to save the document you're working on under a different name. This may happen, for example, when you make changes and want to keep an original version of the document.

For this exercise, add a few more words to your document. To save it, pull down the File menu using the Alt+F shortcut and select the Save As command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Save As dialog box opens. Note that the keyboard shortcut for this command is Ctrl+Shift+S.

At this stage, you need to give your document a new name. The cursor is in the File name field. Delete your surname and type your first name. To confirm, press Enter. Your document will be saved in the Documents folder of your home folder.

Remember that a document can be saved in different formats, such as Open Document Text (odt) , Word 2003, Word 2007, Rich Text Format (rtf) or Plain Text. These formats can be found in the “File type” drop-down list located at the bottom right of the Save As dialog box. Use the tab key to reach this box (see page 9 of the touchscreen guide, or plug in the touchscreen module if you're blind).

[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Writer-capture3.png la boîte de dialogue Enregistrer de Writer]

=== Creating a new document ===
You can now open a brand new document by selecting the New command from the File menu. For this exercise, use its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+N. This command opens a window displaying a new, blank document.

If you go to the File menu, you'll notice that the New command has a sub-menu. This allows you to create a different type of document from a word processing document, because in addition to Writer, LibreOffice includes other tools for creating spreadsheets, presentation slides and so on. To browse the type sub-menu, use the up and down arrows and, for this exercise, choose Text Document.

=== Opening an existing document ===
To open an existing document, pull down the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Then select the Open command using the down arrow and press Enter. The Open dialog box appears. Alternatively, you can invoke the Open command using the Ctrl+O keyboard shortcut. Try one of these two methods.

Depending on the version of LibreOffice you are using or its current settings, the open file interface might be different. In one case the Open dialog box is structured in the same way as the Save As dialog box. By default, the cursor is in the File name field. You can enter the path and name of the document you wish to open, i.e. ~/Documents/your-surname, and press Enter.

If the open file interface does propose the file name field, or if you don't remember the exact name of your file, you'll need to browse the list of folders and files installed on your system, which can be found in the Open dialog box. Let's take a moment to explore the few folders and files it contains. Another way do manage this is to use the file system manager to navigate to your file and open it directly. We will look at this in the Module 3.

=== Printing a document ===
The document with your surname as title should be open on the screen. To print it, open the File menu by pressing the Alt+F shortcut. Using the down arrow key, select the Print command and press Enter. The Print dialog box appears. You can also use directly the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+P. Now carry out the exercise, choosing the method that suits you best.

Make sure the Print dialog box is open. There are several tabs in this dialog box. The General tab is the one selected by default when you open this dialog box. This sheet has three sections: Printer,  Range and Copies and Page Layout.  

The Printer section lets you change the printer device or select a Braille printout.  

The Range and Copies section lets you specify which pages are to be printed. To this end, it includes a radio button which allows you to print either All Pages, i.e. the entire document, and this is the option by default, or specified Pages by using the input box next to it.  Finally, in this section you can change the number of copies to be printed, with only one printed by default. Simply press enter to print one copy of the entire document.    

To the right of the Pages radio button, you'll find a Pages input field. This is used to define the pages to be printed. Remember that the All pages radio button prints the entire document.    

To specify the number of copies you wish to print, use Tab to move the cursor to the Number of copies input field. Then simply enter the number corresponding to the number of copies to be printed, and press Enter.    

You can now explore the Print dialog box. You can move the cursor over the various options using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys. The Tab key is used to select items in a certain order, while the Shift-Tab key select them in reverse order. Use the up and down arrow keys to change the radio buttons selection. Once you've explored the dialog box, go to the Printer section, which contains a list of available printers[2].    

The cursor should be on the Printer field, which is a drop-down list of available printers. To open the list, press the space bar and use the up or down arrow keys to explore it. As usual, to confirm the printer selection, you can press Enter, if you have already completed the rest of the dialog box. Enter validates the dialog box and start the printing operation while Escape cancel it.    

The third section of this tab is the Page Layout with the fields Paper size and Orientation. These two are drop boxes that you open with the space bar, navigate with Up or Down arrow and select an item with the Enter key.    

This concludes the lesson in which you have completed several document management exercises. Among other things, you've learned how to open an application and how to save, create and print documents. In the next lesson, we'll show you how to perform document entry tasks.    

== Editing a document ==
One of the advantages of using a computer to produce a document, is that you can start writing a text and make corrections as you go along. Within a document, you can move, copy or delete part of a text or the entire text. To do this, you must first select the whole text or part of it which is concerned. This is what we're going to do next.

Make sure you have opened the document bearing your surname in Writer.

=== Text selection ===
You can select an entire document using the Edit menu's Select All command, or its keyboard shortcut Ctrl+A. When text is selected, it is highlighted on the screen. To deactivate a text selection, you can press the one arrow key.

To select a segment of text, a entire phrase for exemple, position the cursor at the beginning of the segment, hold down the Shift key and move the cursor to the end of the segment using the right arrow key. The right arrow key selects one character at a time, while the down arrow key selects the text from the current cursor position to the end of line. Then release the arrow and the shift keys[3].

Note that rather than selecting one character at a time you can select an entire word by using the Ctrl+Shift+Right arrow shortcut which will move the cursor  to the beginning of the next word. Then using the Left arrow will deselect the latest selected segment. Similarly Ctrl+Shift+Up and Down arrows let you select - or deselect - the entire paragraph above or below the cursor. These commands select or read the paragraph while moving the cursor to the beginning or end of the paragraph.

Finally, note that wherever the cursor is inside a document, you can move it quickly to its beginning by pressing the Ctrl+Home shortcut. Similarly, to move the cursor to the end of a document, you need to press Ctrl+End. But if you want to select the text between the current cursor position end the top or the bottom of the document you can use respectively the Ctrl+Shift+Home and Ctrl+Shift+End shortcuts.

=== Copying text ===
It is possible to copy text segment to another location in your document. To achieve this, first select the text segment you want to copy and then press the Ctrl+C shortcut to execute the Copy command. This will copy the selected segment into a temporary memory location, known as the clipboard. For this exercise, select and copy the first sentence of your document.

Your sentence should now be copied to the clipboard and you can now paste it elsewhere in your document. For this exercise, position the cursor at the end of your text, using the Ctrl+End shortcut, and then use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Your copied sentence should now be pasted at the end of the document. Note that you can copy any kind of text segment, like a word, a sentence or a paragraph.

=== Moving text ===
You can also move a text segment, i.e. change its position within the document. . You'll be able to do this exercise in a few moments, but for now, remember the following procedure. Select the text segment, execute the Cut command by using the Ctrl+X shortcut. This time, before removing this text segment from the document, it is copied into the clipboard. Then move the cursor at the new place in the document and use the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the Paste command.

Note that this copy-paste method is not restricted to your document, but applicable to the entire MATE desktop operations.  For example, to move a line of text  in the input field of the Writer's Save As dialog box, the procedure is as follows. Select the text, execute the Cut command, open the Save As dialog box and execute immediately the Paste command. Now we will show you how to move a sentence to another document.

First, select a sentence in the current document bearing your surname and press Ctrl+X to cut it.

Make sure you have saved your changes to this document by pressing the Ctrl+S shortcut. Next, open another document. To do this, launch the Open dialog box using the Ctrl+0 shortcut, and navigate to the document you want to open, for example ~/Documents/your-surname.

To paste your text into the newly opened document, position the cursor where you want it to land (for example, at the beginning of the text by using Ctrl+Home), and press the Ctrl+V shortcut to execute the copy.

=== Deleting text ===
It is also possible to delete portion of text. However note that, as opposed to the Cut command, when executing the Delete command the selected text segment is NOT copied to the clipboard and thus cannot be pasted elsewhere later on.

To delete an entire sentence, select it first by placing the cursor at its beginning, then hold down the Shift key, use the Right arrow key to move the cursor to the end of the sentence, then release the Shift key. Finally, press the Delete key on the keyboard and the sentence will be deleted from the text[3].

=== Canceling the previous action ===
Sometimes we perform an action and get an unexpected result. MATE has therefore provided a very useful command for undoing the previous action. For example, if you've just deleted a sentence by mistake, you can recover the sentence using the Undo command in the Edit menu. or the Ctrl+Z shortcut. Please note that by default you can undo up to 100 previous steps. Conversely you can Redo the previous undone action by using the Ctrl+Y shortcut.

=== Word find and replace ===
Suppose you have mistakenly entered a term in your text and unfortunately it is repeated in several places. The Find &amp; Replace function is designed to search for each occurrence of the erroneous term in your document and replace it with the new one.

In this exercice we are going to replace all occurrences of the given term, so the initial position of the cursor is irrelevant. Butr in case of doubts, use Ctrl+Home to position it at the top.

You'll now use the Find &amp; Replace command, which can be found in Edit menu or by pressing the Ctrl+H shortcut. When the dialog box opens, enter the string to be searched for in the Find input field, which has the focus by default.

In the dialog box, enter the text to be searched for in the Find text input field, where the cursor is already positioned by default. Now presse Tab four times to position the cursor in the Replace input field, and enter the new replacement string. 

Finally, use the Tab key again to position the cursor on the Replace All button and press Enter to start the operation. This command will replace all occurrences of the given string with the new one throughout the whole document.

Once all the given terms have been replaced, the dialog box indicates the number of occurrences processed. Press Escape to close the Find &amp; Replace dialog box. And don't forget to save the changes you've made to your document with the shortcut Ctrl+S.

=== Find a word ===
If you simply want to find the place in your text where you deal with a particular subject, Writer can search for a given string and identifies all its occurrences within your document.

First place your cursor where you wish to start the search, then use the Find command in the Edit menu, or the Ctrl+F shortcut. 

A text input field opens at the bottom left of the Writer window and you can type the string to be searched for, and press Enter.

The next occurrence of the given string will be highlighted on th screen and you can move to the next one with the F3 function key.

If the given string is not found in the document a No Entry sign is displayed at the right end of the entry field. To close this search field simply press Escape.

Remember : If you make any changes to your document, save them by using the Ctrl+S shortcut.

This concludes the lesson in which you have learned how to manipulate text in a Writer document and in MATE. In the next lesson, we'll look at how to format text through a few exercises.

== Text formatting ==
In this lesson, you'll learn how to apply basic formatting to your text. For example, by applying to it a particular font style and size.

This lesson does not cover style management. Note, however, that for more serious use of word processing, you need to master this notion. Firstly, because it guarantees blind people that all identical sections in a document are formatted as intended and consistently. Secondly, because styles allow you to access more advanced functions, such as the table of contents. And finally, if you want to write a title but have no idea how it should be presented, the default style takes care of that for you, based on classic conventions.

=== Inserting date and time ===
You can insert the date and time in your documents. This convenient function makes it easier to identify and update your documents.

Make sure you have opened a document and positioned the cursor at the point in the text where you want to insert this information.

Now pull down the Insert menu by pressing the Alt+I shortcut. Within the drop-down menu, you can select the Field command by pressing the D key to get there directly, and in the sub-menu use again the D key and Enter to insert the current date or the T key and Enter to insert the current time.

The date format depends on default set in your system configuration.

Don't forget to save your change with the now famous Ctrl+S shortcut.

=== Font modification ===
When using a word processor, you can also change the type (or family), the style and the size of characters using the Character command. These changes are directly visible on the screen. To try out some font modification, open one of your documents if you haven't already done so. Make sure it contains text and select it all using the Ctrl+A keyboard shortcut [3]. Then open the Format menu by pressing the Alt+O shortcut and select the Character command using the H key. Be aware that, in this menu, the H key can select either the Character or the Anchor command. When Character is selected press Enter to open the  Character dialog box.

There are four tabs in the Character dialog box and you need to navigate to the Font one using the right or left arrow. Then you can use the Tab key to select the different options, among which the Family, the Style and the Size of the Font. When you open the Font Tab, the Family field should be already selected. Otherwise you can use the Tab or Shift+Tab keys to select it.

Then use the Up and Down arrows to select the font family of your choice then press Tab three times and Enter to  open the drop-down list and use the Up and Down arrow to select the style between the regular bold and italic options, and Enter to confirm your choice.

Same operation to pick the font size. Three Tabs, Enter, Up and Down arrow to pick the size you want, like 12, 14 or 16 points, and Enter to confirm. Another Enter when you are done to accept all the changes you made and close the Font dialog box. The font of the previously selected text will be modifies according to the options you just specified, and you can press on any of the four direction arrow key to disable the selection .

Note that you can also change the font for a part of the document only. You must first select this part, then follow the font configuration procedure just explained. In this case, the changes will obviously apply only to the selected part.

Finally, here are a few convenient shortcuts that will apply a specific character formatting to the selected text:

* Ctrl+I: change selected text to italics ;

* Ctrl+B: change selected text to bold;

* CTRL+U: underline selected text.

=== Paragraph indentation and alignment ===
If you want to define the characteristics of all the paragraphs in your text, start by selecting them, if you haven't already done so, using the Ctrl+A shortcut.  Then pull down the Format menu by pressing the Alt+O shortcut. Select the Paragraph command from the drop-down menu and press enter. Select the Paragraph command either by using the Down arrow or the A key, but in this later case be careful because A select both Paragraph  and Rotate so you might have to type A twice. Then Enter to open the Paragraph dialog box. Use the Left or Right arrows to select the Indents &amp; Spacing tab. As usual you can move from one entry fiels to another by using the Tab or Shift+Tab keys. Here you can change the indentation values before the text, after the text or the first line of each paragraph. Defaults values are 0 mm (the unit depends on your settings) and you can type in a new value or use the up or down arrows to increment or decrement them.

for the first line of each paragraph. The default value is 0 cm. To move the cursor from one input field to another, use the tab key to enter the desired values, or use the up and down arrows to change the values.

You are still in the Paragraph dialog box. In addition to setting indentation, you can use this to define the alignment of your text, either left, right or center. To access the list of these options, position your cursor on the tab list using the Tab key. Then use the arrow keys to select the Alignment tab. In this tab, press Tab and use the up or down arrows to select the radio button you want. Confirm your choice by pressing enter. The dialog box will close and your paragraphs will be formatted according to your choices.

You can now deselect your text using one of the arrow keys. Note that you can change the indentation for only part of the document, for example for a single paragraph. You must first select this area and then apply the procedures just explained. In this case, the changes will only apply to this selected area [4].

Finally, here are a few convenient shortcuts that will change the paragraph formatting of the selected text:

* Ctrl+E: center alignment

* Ctrl+R: right alignment

* Ctrl+L: left alignment

=== Closing the application ===
When you've finished working, close the Writer application either by using the Alt+F4 or Ctrl+Q shortcuts or by opening the File menu with Alt+F and selecting the short using the File menu command. To do this, pull down the File menu by pressing Alt+F, moving the cursor down to the Exit LibreOffice command and pressing Enter.

Please note that if you have not yet saved the changes you have made to your document, a message box will appear asking if you want to save the changes. If so, type Enter directly since the Save button has the focus by default. Otherwise, using the Tab key you can Close the document without saving it. In both cases MATE will close the document and the LibreOffice Writer application.

And a third option is available in this message box which let you Cancel the closing operation and return to the document edition.

== About other ways of writing text ==
Writer is the most advanced word processing application in the GNU/Linux universe, and the only one available. Now you know the basics. Other software exists: text editors, which allow you to format text by describing its characteristics by means of commands. This is what we'll be talking about in this lesson.

=== Text editors ===
MATE comes with a text editor called Pluma. This tool lets you enter lengthy text. However, you can still use the methods you learned in lesson 1,  2 and 3. The general structure is the same, with the F10 function key still used to move the cursor to the menu bar and the Ctrl key used to access keyboard shortcuts. Options are presented in dialog boxes based on lists, check boxes and buttons. So, if you're able to work in Writer, you'll find it easy to get to grips with this text editor.

But Pluma does not let you format text. As far as paragraphs are concerned, Pluma allows you to define default behavior, but not to automatically apply paragraph styles.

In MATE, you can also install another editor, similar to Pluma but more sophisticated: Gedit.


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      <text bytes="2695" sha1="lz56iezus7pzyn2tzbf930usl7agkii" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
}}
{{recipe}}
'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chilli paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]
== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.</text>
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      <text bytes="2696" sha1="31slw5gqk32uc5fg79870o5dw3f50nl" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
}}
{{recipe}}

'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chilli paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]
== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.</text>
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      <comment>+ 8 categories using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="2925" sha1="7zr9fukygjyrfg85o2g1smug7qzx98n" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
}}
{{recipe}}

'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chilli paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]
== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Garlic recipes]]
[[Category:Chili recipes]]
[[Category:Ground ginger recipes]]</text>
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| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
}}
{{recipe}}

'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chili paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]

== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Garlic recipes]]
[[Category:Chili recipes]]
[[Category:Ground ginger recipes]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4448876</id>
      <parentid>4448872</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:16:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>more</comment>
      <origin>4448876</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2956" sha1="eot3lc2fnnkqga05y3oar48yg7om8nc" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
| Time = 1 hour
}}
{{recipe}}

'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chili paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]

== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts in two batches using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Garlic recipes]]
[[Category:Chili recipes]]
[[Category:Ground ginger recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>eot3lc2fnnkqga05y3oar48yg7om8nc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448965</id>
      <parentid>4448876</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T06:58:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Procedure */ more</comment>
      <origin>4448965</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2980" sha1="971pc74v2jcsxlnq4flvz46uq29jywc" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:A transparent bowl of kuli kuli.jpg|thumb|300px]]
| Servings = 8
| Time = 1 hour
}}
{{recipe}}

'''Kuli-kuli''' is a beloved traditional snack from Northern Nigeria, made primarily from groundnuts. This delightful treat is known for its satisfying crunch and rich flavor, making it a favorite among many.

== Ingredients ==
* 6 cups (750 g) [[Cookbook:peanut|peanut]]s
* Water
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:sugar|sugar]]
* ½ to 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook:salt|salt]] to taste

=== Optional seasonings ===
* ½ [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], crushed to a puree
* 2 [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]] cloves, crushed
* 1 tablespoon chili paste
* 1 teaspoon ground [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]

== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Frying pan|Frying pan]] 
* Wooden spoon
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender]] or [[Cookbook:food processor|food processor]]
* [[Cookbook:Mixing bowl|Mixing bowl]]
* [[Cookbook:Cheesecloth|Cheesecloth]]
* Paper towels

== Procedure ==
# Roast the peanuts on a dry pan over medium heat, stirring occasionally to avoid burning. Once roasted, remove the skins by rubbing them between your hands or using a cloth to gently press and peel off the skins.
# Blend the roasted peanuts in two batches using a food processor or blender to form a peanut butter. This will take around 5 to 10 minutes depending on power. Transfer to a large mixing bowl.
# Add in water, ¼ cup (60 ml) at a time, to peanut butter, kneading using hands after each addition. This will swell up the grains in peanut butter, making it thicker and releasing the oils. Stop adding water once the mixture starts releasing oils. Continue to knead for a further 5 minutes to release as much oil as possible.
# Put the mixture into a cheesecloth and squeeze to release the oils. Transfer back in the bowl. Set aside the oils for deep-frying.
# Add the seasonings (if using), sugar and salt to the strained mixture. Mix well to combine all the ingredients.
# Add in enough water, a tablespoon at a time, to form a moldable dough, and knead well.
# Take teaspoonfuls of the dough and roll them into small balls or form them into flat discs, depending on your preference. You can also shape them into small cylinders or oval shapes, like traditional kuli-kuli. You can experiment with different shapes!
# Heat the reserved oil in a frying pan over medium heat. Fry the kuli-kuli pieces in batches, ensuring they don’t overcrowd the pan. Fry them until they are golden brown and crispy on all sides (about 4-5 minutes). Be sure to flip them carefully to ensure even frying.
# Once fried, remove the kuli-kuli from the oil and place them on a paper towel to drain excess oil. Allow them to cool completely before serving.

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Peanut recipes]]
[[Category:Sugar recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Garlic recipes]]
[[Category:Chili recipes]]
[[Category:Ground ginger recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>971pc74v2jcsxlnq4flvz46uq29jywc</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lentis/Data Centers and Energy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470369</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448907</id>
      <parentid>4444958</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T20:11:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mrog25</username>
        <id>3486630</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Energy Usage */ uploaded from a shared google doc of work that has been done with group on the introduction, including reasons for growth.</comment>
      <origin>4448907</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2816" sha1="c1uyesi36ki3fz3azxrcymblv2tau1j" xml:space="preserve">== Introduction ==
A data center is a facility used by organizations for remote storage, processing, and transmission of information. Modern data centers use physical infrastructure to create a cloud environment, forming the backbone for services like email, file sharing, big data, AI, machine learning, virtual desktops, and communication and collaboration tools. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What Is a Data Center? |url=https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/data-center-virtualization/what-is-a-data-center.html |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Cisco |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Reasons of Growth ===
Data centers are rapidly growing. A 2023 McKinsey &amp; Company report projects the industry to grow 10% annually through 2030, with $49 billion in new construction. This growth is driven by AI, tech sector expansion, increased cloud service bandwidth demand, global tech hub expansion, sustainable energy practices, and innovations in cooling and construction technology. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Schaap |first=Andrew |title=Council Post: Five Trends Driving The Booming Data Center Economy In 2024 (And Why Investors Are Taking Notice) |url=https://www.forbes.com/councils/forbestechcouncil/2024/01/22/five-trends-driving-the-booming-data-center-economy-in-2024-and-why-investors-are-taking-notice/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The Southeast and Pacific Northwest in the U.S. are seeing the largest expansion of hyperscale data centers, which are massive projects owned by the entities using them. Key factors in selecting new sites include access to submarine cable landings and energy-based tax incentives. Due to high energy and infrastructure costs, large companies are considering shutting down their own data centers, as in-house data management is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Data Center Industry Is Booming {{!}} News &amp; Insights {{!}} Gray |url=https://www.gray.com/insights/the-data-center-industry-is-booming/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=www.gray.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Energy Usage ===
Energy is ...

== Case Studies ==

== Pushback ==
'''Water Scarcity''': Many data centers use substantial water for cooling systems, especially in regions prone to droughts. The NPR article highlights that communities are increasingly concerned about water use by data centers, particularly where water is already a limited resource.

'''Energy Consumption and Emissions''': Communities and environmental groups are concerned about the high energy demands, often generated by non-renewable sources, leading to significant greenhouse gas emissions. The challenge is that as data centers expand, they increase the strain on local power grids and contribute to carbon emissions.

== Benefits ==

== Conclusion ==

== References ==

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>c1uyesi36ki3fz3azxrcymblv2tau1j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 17/Exercises</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448962</id>
      <parentid>4448241</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:51:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="4190" sha1="4zkms4avsvnimq02965zynxpz00w730" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 17.

This set contains 18 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Practice Problems==
===Section 17.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;17.1&lt;/u&gt; (Using the Distance Formula)''' A is at (0, -2) and B is at (-5, -1). Find the distance between points A and B.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.2&lt;/u&gt; (Perimeter)''' Find the perimeter of the triangle PQR.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.3&lt;/u&gt; (Equidistant Point)''' A is at (4,4) and B is at (1,-1). P is a point on the x-axis that is equidistant from points A and B. What are the coordinates of point P?

===Section 17.2===

'''&lt;u&gt;17.4&lt;/u&gt; (Equidistance)''' Find the locus of points &lt;math&gt;P&lt;/math&gt; such that &lt;math&gt;P&lt;/math&gt; is equidistant from &lt;math&gt;(5,-1)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(3,-8)&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.5&lt;/u&gt; (Ambulance Station)''' Two hospitals are located at the points (5, -1) and (2, 8). An ambulance station is to be built such that it is equidistant from the two hospitals. Determine the locus of points that are equidistant from the two hospitals. 

'''&lt;u&gt;17.6&lt;/u&gt; (Locus of a Circle)'''

'''1.''' Verify that the points &lt;math&gt;(-3, 4)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(4,3)&lt;/math&gt; lie on the circle &lt;math&gt;x^2 + y^2 = 25&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Determine the locus of points  equidistant from the points &lt;math&gt;(-3,4)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(4,3)&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Determine the relationship between the center of the circle and the locus of points equidistant from the points &lt;math&gt;(-3,4)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(4,3)&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.7&lt;/u&gt; (The Rod)''' A rod of lenth &lt;math&gt;l&lt;/math&gt; slides with its ends on the x-axis and y-axis. Find the locus of its midpoint.
{{question-answer|question=Answer to Problem 4|answer=&lt;math&gt;4x^2 + 4y^2 = l^2&lt;/math&gt;}}

'''&lt;u&gt;17.8&lt;/u&gt; (The Third Vertex)''' Two verticies of of a triangle are at &lt;math&gt;(-3,5)&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;(1,2)&lt;/math&gt;. Find the locus of the third vertex, such that the area of the triangle is 10 square units.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.9&lt;/u&gt; (Locus from Ordered Pairs)''' Sketch the set of ordered pairs. Then write an equation for a locus that all of the points in each set might satisfy.

'''1.''' &lt;math&gt;\{(-5,0), (5,0), (0,-5), (0,5)\}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' &lt;math&gt;\{(0,0), (-1,1), (1,1), (-2,4), (2,4), (-3,9), (3,9)\}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' &lt;math&gt;\{(0,0), (1,1), (4,2), (9,3), (16,4), (25,5), (36,6)\}&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;17.10&lt;/u&gt; (Locus from Lines)''' Determine an equation, or equations, to represent the locus of points equidistant from each pair of lines.

'''1.''' &lt;math&gt;y=x&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y=-x&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' &lt;math&gt;y=2x+2&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y=-2x+2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' &lt;math&gt;y=2x&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y=0.5x&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;17.11&lt;/u&gt; (Locus from Radicals)''' Determine an equation, or equations, to represent the locus of points equidistant from each pair of graphs.

'''1.''' &lt;math&gt;y=-\sqrt{x}&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y=\sqrt{x}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' &lt;math&gt;y=\sqrt{x} + 4&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;y=-\sqrt{x}-6&lt;/math&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;17.12&lt;/u&gt; (Flower Bed)''' The outside edge of a fountain is the locus of points 2 meters from the center. The outside edge of a flower bed is the locus of points 3 meters from the center of the fountain. There is no gap between the fountain and the flower bed. Sketch the flower bed, and find its area.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.13&lt;/u&gt; (Describing Loci)''' Describe and list the locus of points in the plane that are 13 units from the origin, and 12 units from the y-axis.

'''&lt;u&gt;17.14&lt;/u&gt; (Three Times the Distance)''' Find the equation of locus of a point such that its distance from the origin is three times its distance from the x-axis.

===Section 17.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;17.15&lt;/u&gt; (Identifying Conic Sections)''' Identify the conic section represented by the equations below.

===Section 17.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;17.16&lt;/u&gt; (Circle)''' If a circle passes through the points (0,0), (a,0), and (0,b), what are the coordinates of its center?

===Section 17.5===
===Section 17.6===
===Section 17.7===
===Section 17.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;17.17&lt;/u&gt; (Rotation of Axes)''' Find the XY-coordinates of each of the given points if the axes are rotated through the specified angle.

===Section 17.9===

==Reason and Apply==
'''&lt;u&gt;17.18&lt;/u&gt; (Have a Point!)''' Name a point that is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt{2}&lt;/math&gt; units away from (-1, 5).

==Challenge Problems==

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Eba with Efo Gbure (Cassava Flake Swallow with Waterleaf Soup)</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>470604</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448832</id>
      <parentid>4447635</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:56:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>add note</comment>
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      <text bytes="2372" sha1="4zumo9px5uaq98ev6u50zvppn84ndc5" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Recipe summary
| Category = Nigerian recipes
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:Cuisine of Nigeria|Cuisine of Nigeria]] 

'''Eba with efo gbure''' is a Nigerian dish that pairs a starchy [[Cookbook:Swallow|swallow]] with a vegetable soup. It is a native meal of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria and other parts of Yorubaland, and it can be served along with a meat or seafood of choice. Instead of the eba, you may also serve the soup with [[Cookbook:Amala (Yoruba Yam Swallow)|amala, a yam-based swallow]].

== Ingredients ==

=== Soup ===
*A medium-sized bowl full of [[Cookbook:Waterleaf|waterleaf]]
*¼ [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|palm oil]]
*1 [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] puréed [[Cookbook:Tomato|tomato]]
*½ [[Cookbook:Cup|cup]] puréed [[Cookbook:Chiles|chile pepper]]
*250 [[Cookbook:Milliliter|ml]] [[Cookbook:Water|water]]
*½ [[Cookbook:Teaspoon|teaspoon]] [[Cookbook:Salt|salt]]
*2 [[Cookbook:Dehydrated Broth|seasoning cubes]], crushed

=== Eba ===
*1 [[Cookbook:Liter|liter]] [[Cookbook:Water|water]]
*2 [[Cookbook:Units of measurement#Nigeria|milk tins]] of processed [[Cookbook:Cassava|cassava]] flakes (garri)

== Equipment ==
*Bowls
*Pots
*[[Cookbook:Knife|Knife]]
*[[Cookbook:Cutting Board|Chopping board]]

== Procedure ==

=== Soup ===
# Thoroughly rinse the waterleaf in water to ensure it is free of dirt. Drain well, and chop the waterleaf very finely.
# Place a heavy-bottomed pot over medium-high heat. Add the palm oil, and let it heat up before carefully adding the tomato and chile purées.
# Allow the purées to [[Cookbook:Boiling|boil]] for about 2 minutes. If necessary, lower the heat to prevent scorching.
# Stir in the waterleaf and water, and let boil for another 5 minutes.
# Stir in the salt and seasoning cube, and let boil for another 2 minutes.
# Remove from the heat and keep warm.

=== Eba ===

# Bring the water to a boil in a pot.
# Gradually stir in the cassava flakes, and cook until the mixture forms a smooth [[Cookbook:Dough|dough]].
# Serve the eba as a swallow alongside your soup.

[[Category:Yoruba recipes]]
[[Category:Chile recipes]]
[[Category:Cassava flour recipes]]
[[Category:Palm oil recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]
[[Category:Waterleaf recipes]]
[[Category:Dehydrated broth recipes]]
[[Category:Tomato recipes]]
[[Category:Swallow recipes]]
[[Category:Soup recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Adalu (food)</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>470631</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448900</id>
      <parentid>4447117</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:26:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Xeverything11</username>
        <id>3410648</id>
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      <comment>format</comment>
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      <text bytes="1023" sha1="sdpi2hbu6kd3xnoctvf77zv61hi3bbh" xml:space="preserve">{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing quantities, improper formatting}}{{recipe summary
| category = 
| servings = 
| time = 
| difficulty = 2
| image = 
[[File:Beans and Corn (maize) porridge.jpg|320px]]
| energy = 
| note = 
}}
{{Recipe}}
'''Adalu''' is a Yoruba corn and [[Cookbook:Beans|beans]] [[Cookbook:Porridge|porridge]], native and popular in Nigeria, Benin and Togo in Yorubaland region.

== Ingredients ==
* Beans (black-eyed peas or brown beans)
* [[Cookbook:Corn|Corn]]
* Palm oil
* [[Cookbook:Onion|Onions]]
* Scotch bonnet pepper
* Seasoning cubes
* Salt
* Garlic (optional)
* Ginger (optional)
* Vegetables

== Equipment ==
* Cooking pot
* Cooking Gas 

== Preparation ==
# Corn and beans are boiled separately before being combined. Palm oil, onion, pepper and salt are then added to taste.
# Adalu is often served with plantain and smoked fish.

[[Category:Easy recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Yoruba recipes]]
[[Category:Pepper recipes]]
[[Category:Oil and fat recipes]]
[[Category:Salt recipes]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Bembety</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470632</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448812</id>
      <parentid>4448591</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:46:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Cookbook editing */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4448812</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1143" sha1="hipkshevkk43qntrhyw30lw15ogx96l" xml:space="preserve">== Cookbook editing ==

Hi @[[User:Bembety|Bembety]], and welcome to the Cookbook! Going forward, please make sure that future edits and additions conform with the [[Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template|recipe template]] as per Cookbook policy. Additionally, please note that [[Cookbook:Adalu (food)]] is currently considered incomplete. Let me know if you have any questions! Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:49, 26 November 2024 (UTC)

:Following up on this. Please note the fixes I made to [[Cookbook:Groundnut Soup]]. Thanks —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 02:47, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
::Additionally, [[Cookbook:Omoebe (leave) soup]] is currently incomplete due to missing quantities with insufficient guidance to compensate. If left incomplete, it may be deleted. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:46, 2 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/Harold Learmonth Hobler/Notes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448875</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:16:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1926 11 */</comment>
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      <text bytes="99955" sha1="99k1ld9wy9pczfwp8rfnzdwuyidocup" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

====1900====

=====1900 01=====

=====1900 02=====

=====1900 03=====

=====1900 04=====

=====1900 05=====

=====1900 06=====

=====1900 07=====

=====1900 08=====

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=====1900 10=====

=====1900 11=====

=====1900 12=====

====1901====

=====1901 01=====

=====1901 02=====

=====1901 03=====

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=====1901 05=====

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====1902====

=====1902 01=====

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

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4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>99k1ld9wy9pczfwp8rfnzdwuyidocup</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448879</id>
      <parentid>4448875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:27:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 02 */</comment>
      <origin>4448879</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100922" sha1="8567ftgm1i04be47acdxlu19gbjvf1g" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

====1900====

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

=====1924 03=====

=====1924 04=====

=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

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====1928====

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=====1928 03=====

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>8567ftgm1i04be47acdxlu19gbjvf1g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448886</id>
      <parentid>4448879</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:32:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 02 */</comment>
      <origin>4448886</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="103657" sha1="coi4zmofp11c0hwbbs0ib6c77m2fh5x" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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====1928====

=====1928 01=====

=====1928 02=====

=====1928 03=====

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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=====1936 09=====

Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>coi4zmofp11c0hwbbs0ib6c77m2fh5x</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448887</id>
      <parentid>4448886</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:39:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 03 */</comment>
      <origin>4448887</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104333" sha1="g36riz9kc78qyqmtiyrjzqqb73kdcj4" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

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=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

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=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>g36riz9kc78qyqmtiyrjzqqb73kdcj4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448888</id>
      <parentid>4448887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T18:44:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 04 */</comment>
      <origin>4448888</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="105676" sha1="mowt4hr8wsw1vbiuor7ldoo7js00yzc" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

====1900====

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===1920s===

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

=====1924 03=====

=====1924 04=====

=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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====1928====

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>mowt4hr8wsw1vbiuor7ldoo7js00yzc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448895</id>
      <parentid>4448888</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 04 */</comment>
      <origin>4448895</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="106677" sha1="hhqiyhz80rpy7h3bxb9wwmhpmo2p7dn" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>hhqiyhz80rpy7h3bxb9wwmhpmo2p7dn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448896</id>
      <parentid>4448895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:06:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 04 */</comment>
      <origin>4448896</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="106924" sha1="an716uhbyt0ogohlb6xa89r26xnexl0" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

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&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 05=====

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>an716uhbyt0ogohlb6xa89r26xnexl0</sha1>
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{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 05=====

=====1927 06=====

=====1927 07=====

=====1927 08=====

=====1927 09=====

=====1927 10=====

4DO installs a motor generator
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

=====1927 12=====

====1928====

=====1928 01=====

=====1928 02=====

=====1928 03=====

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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=====1936 09=====

Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>7qt1ltg0k87tkehzn6gvs7tu01nee5z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448899</id>
      <parentid>4448898</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:14:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1927 10 */</comment>
      <origin>4448899</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="107550" sha1="6bj84m36p42n4tln7p9kbq4k5yovc1b" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 05=====

=====1927 06=====

=====1927 07=====

=====1927 08=====

=====1927 09=====

=====1927 10=====

4DO installs a motor generator &amp; considers amateur broadcasting
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

=====1927 12=====

====1928====

=====1928 01=====

=====1928 02=====

=====1928 03=====

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>6bj84m36p42n4tln7p9kbq4k5yovc1b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448902</id>
      <parentid>4448899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:37:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1928 03 */</comment>
      <origin>4448902</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108124" sha1="l59ta5hberls4powjapm00jkzxfqexf" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

====1900====

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

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=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO installs a motor generator &amp; considers amateur broadcasting
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO tries his hand at amateur broadcasting making it Rockhampton's first broadcasting station
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' by &quot;AERIAL&quot; . . . LOCAL TRANSMITTING. Listeners in the city and district were surprised to hear the local amateur station '''4DO''' on the air last week, testing telephony on about 240 metres. Reception was excellent, the only interference being a slight hum from the generator. Mr. '''Hobler''' will be continuing tests this week and would welcome reports on his transmissions.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54616310&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>l59ta5hberls4powjapm00jkzxfqexf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448903</id>
      <parentid>4448902</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:47:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1928 04 */</comment>
      <origin>4448903</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108390" sha1="svi01abap24ajfuhg7yh6vchu9qbe7m" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

===1900s===

====1900====

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=====1924 01=====

Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

=====1924 03=====

=====1924 04=====

=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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4DO installs a motor generator &amp; considers amateur broadcasting
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

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====1928====

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO tries his hand at amateur broadcasting making it Rockhampton's first broadcasting station
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' by &quot;AERIAL&quot; . . . LOCAL TRANSMITTING. Listeners in the city and district were surprised to hear the local amateur station '''4DO''' on the air last week, testing telephony on about 240 metres. Reception was excellent, the only interference being a slight hum from the generator. Mr. '''Hobler''' will be continuing tests this week and would welcome reports on his transmissions.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54616310&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

4DO advertises to sell his home made 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS''' . . . THREE VALVE Wireless Set For Sale Complete. Good Loudspeaker Results. '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54619359&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— ''Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>svi01abap24ajfuhg7yh6vchu9qbe7m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448904</id>
      <parentid>4448903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:48:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1928 06 */</comment>
      <origin>4448904</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="108389" sha1="3fbteqya5jvn0yp0mz7y9o0kuqdz6zv" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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=====1924 05=====

4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 05=====

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4DO installs a motor generator &amp; considers amateur broadcasting
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

=====1927 12=====

====1928====

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=====1928 03=====

4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO tries his hand at amateur broadcasting making it Rockhampton's first broadcasting station
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' by &quot;AERIAL&quot; . . . LOCAL TRANSMITTING. Listeners in the city and district were surprised to hear the local amateur station '''4DO''' on the air last week, testing telephony on about 240 metres. Reception was excellent, the only interference being a slight hum from the generator. Mr. '''Hobler''' will be continuing tests this week and would welcome reports on his transmissions.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54616310&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

4DO advertises to sell his home made 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS''' . . . THREE VALVE Wireless Set For Sale Complete. Good Loudspeaker Results. '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54619359&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— &quot;Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>3fbteqya5jvn0yp0mz7y9o0kuqdz6zv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448906</id>
      <parentid>4448904</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T19:54:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samuel.dellit</username>
        <id>1387936</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1928 07 */</comment>
      <origin>4448906</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="109014" sha1="siec1gwnq06gitagg6qle9zbw3fsg62" xml:space="preserve">{{incomplete}}

{{TOC right|limit=3}}

==Harold Learmonth Hobler - Transcriptions and notes==

===Key article copies===

&lt;!-- This section is for duplicates of chronological entries which include detailed biographies --&gt;

===Non-chronological material===

&lt;!-- This section is for non-chronological material, principally genealogical --&gt;

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Tivoli Theatre reopens after renovations, 4DO's older brother Victor Learmonth Hobler continues as manager
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI THEATRE. RENOVATED AND IMPROVED. RE-OPENS TO-NIGHT.''' Since the new management took over the control of the Strand and Arcadia Theatres the place of amusement in the city proper, for some time known as the Strand Theatre, but now named the Tivoli Theatre, has been renovated and improved, while the latest model Power's 6B, Type E bioscope has been installed, in addition to the one previously in use. The theatre has been repainted outside in harmonious colours. In most conspicuous and artistic lettering the name &quot;Tivoli Theatre&quot; appears on the Fitzroy-street frontage, each word being bordered in blue. Along the Bolsover-street side &quot;Tivoli'' is emblazoned in the same effective manner. Above the corner entrance there stands an electric flash light of &quot;Tivoli,'' the large letters being arranged perpendicularly. At the rear of the theatre there will be a 100 candle power blue light, which will be visible from almost any point on The Range. Altogether the exterior work has enhanced the appearance of the theatre. In the interior there have been improvements in many respects. Maroon replaces blue as the colour of the proscenium. The extended border, with a 3 ft. silver T on a background of blue and artistically designed words &quot;Music&quot; and &quot;Mirth&quot; makes the proscenium much more attractive than hitherto. The bioscope box has been almost doubled in size, not only to accommodate the new bioscope machine, but to give more freedom to the operator and for other purposes. The two machines will enable the management to screen the pictures without a moment's delay, one film always being in readiness on one machine while the preceding film is reeled off on the other. The new machine is the very latest and has many new features, which will be advantageous from the operator's point of view, as well as for those who watch the pictures. Mr. Rupert F. Bond, the operator at the Tivoli Theatre, says that the bioscope will give absolutely perfect projection. His experience in operating goes back to 1896, when he assisted his father to operate in Melbourne for the late Harry Rickards with one of the first cinematograph machines brought to Australia. In 1901 Mr. Bond had the honour of screening, under Royal command, at Government House, Melbourne, a fine set of pictures taken by his father and himself of the celebrations in connection with the visit of the Duke and Duchess of York, our present King and Queen. After the performance, their Highnesses congratulated Mr. Bond upon the splendid photography and projection. For several years thereafter, Mr. Bond was engaged in the theatrical and picture business with J. C. Williamson, Ltd., and other large theatrical firms. In 1909 he entered the service of the late Mr. G. H. Birch in Rockhampton, being the first operator at Earl's Court, and afterwards at the Olympia Theatre at Mount Morgan. Later he accepted the appointment of operator at the local Strand Theatre, which he has held ever since. Being a thoroughly competent electrician, and with such a long experience in operating and the best of bioscopes to his hand, Mr. Bond can be relied upon to give patrons of the Tivoli Theatre a service which cannot be surpassed in any theatre in the Commonwealth. The enclosure entrance will be via Fitzroy-street only, while admission to the gallery will be by means of the entrance on the corner, though for the convenience of patrons at the conclusion of the performance all the doors will be thrown open. Electric signs indicate the enclosure and gallery entrances. A rearrangement now makes it much easier for ticket holders to reach the gallery. In the event of wet weather, the management can accommodate several hundred people under the gallery, which is ceiled with small corrugated iron. Underneath the gallery on all sides there will be electric bulbs in blue shades, the current of which will, of course, be shut off as soon as the first picture is about to be screened. In the place reserved for the orchestra minor improvements have been effected. The painting and artistic work has been carried out by Mr. H. J. Claridge. The electric work has been under the supervision of Messrs. G. A. Sloan and Co. The Flying Squadron Orchestra will provide the music. The orchestra has been in existence for the past 15 years and has always been in great demand to supply music for balls, different theatrical companies, including the Allan Wilkie Shakespearian Company, and the Sistine Choir. Particularly amongst those have been the engagements for the Blackall Amateur race ball, also at Clermont, and Longreach, all of which were carried out in a first class manner and to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. For the past ten years alone the orchestra has supplied the music at the Rockhampton Jockey Club's race meetings. The personnel of the orchestra consists of Mrs. J. Sandberg A.T.C.L., L.A.B., Miss A. Kennedv, and Messrs. M. Marcusen, J. Griffiths, A. Neddrie, and W. Fanks. Mr. W. Franks has been the manager of the orchestra since its inception. Both theatres will be under the management of Mr. '''Victor Hobler''', and patrons are assured that the first class pictures will be presented and their comfort studied in every way.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54108262 |title=TIVOLI THEATRE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,402 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 January 1924 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 02=====

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4DO asks a question of the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUESTION BOX.''' Answers to Correspondents. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, asks what advantages have the large loud speakers over the smaller type, and which type is favoured by experimenters? The principal advantage of the larger instrument is volume. The smaller one is little better than headphones, except when you are very near to a powerful broadcasting station. The Amplion is in general use among experimenters on account of its clarity of tone, and because it does not require an accumulator to work it; it is connected straight on to the phone terminals. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094036 |title=QUESTION BOX. |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO introduces himself to the editor of the Brisbane Daily Mail wireless section &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot;
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Rockhampton Reception.''' Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''' writes as follows:— l read with much interest your &quot;Sunday Mail&quot; every week and especially the wireless page. I am an experimenter myself, and lately have had some good reception results. I hope in a few weeks to do some testing with southern experimenters. I can get Sydney and Brisbane concerts regularly on one valve, and am going to purchase a loud speaker. With this and a five-valve set I hope to hear the concerts very well. I have received letters from practically all the broadcasting companies I have heard confirming my reports on what I heard.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219094134 |title=Rockhampton Reception |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=52 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4KR Barcaldine plans a test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Broadcasting.''' Some very interesting results have been obtained recently by Mr. Keith Richardson's three-valve radio receiving set at Ascot. A test was begun on Wednesday, 7th inst., between Mr. E. Norris, of Toowoomba, his call letter 4CK being read with ease every night between 10 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. The tests were conducted for a week and excellent results were obtained throughout. As Mr. Norris is only an amateur, using a very small transmitter, he is to be congratulated upon his transmission. On Thursday evening last, at 10.37 p.m., Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, N.S.W., was heard making a test between 2CQ (sic, 2GQ) and his station. Mr. Marshall broadcasted a selection or gramaphone records. When he gave his name and address a burst of atmospherics drowned the operator's name, and only the words &quot;Armidale, New South Wales&quot; were copied. Mr. Richardson was not sure of the transmitter, though he thought it was Mr. Marshall, and upon wiring him the following day Mr. Marshall advised it was him. A test was made from 10 p.m. to 10.30 p.m. on Saturday evening last, and Mr Marshall must also be congratulated upon his excellent transmission. He also is an amateur. Station 2BL, Broadcasters Ltd., Sydney, broadcasting from the &quot;Daily Guardian,&quot; Philip-street, are heard every evening from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m. Children's bedtime stories are broadcasted from 7 to 7.30 p.m., then follows a programme consisting of songs, instrumental selections, classical and jazz music. This station has been heard as loud as an Edison Diamond Disc gramaphone, the music being heard at least 70 yards from a loud speaker. This station is only transmitting on 500 watts at present, and is having remarkable results. (We heard one of these concerts last Wednesday on Mr. C. F. Hobler's receiving set.-Ed.) — Farmer's Ltd. broadcasting station, 2FC, have also been heard. They are at present using 500 watts for transmitting — the same power as Broadcasters Limited are using — though the latter is heard 100 per cent. louder. In the near future Farmer's are going to use 5-Kilowatt — 5000 watts — to transmit. Then they will be heard nearly ten times as loud as a gramaphone. Another test is to be conducted between Mr. Hal. Hobler, of Rockhampton, and Mr. Richardson during the next week. As Mr. Hobler has been heard in Melbourne, no difficulty should be experienced in hearing him up here, except for atmospherics, which at times are very bad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304381 |title=Wireless Broadcasting |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1689 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=31 May 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 06=====

4KR &quot;Ascot&quot; to test with 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Barcaldine and General Budget''' . . . Mr. K. Richardson, Ascot, is still meeting with success in his wireless experiments. During the past week some very satisfactory tests have been carried out. He has distinctly heard 2GR — Mr J. Marks, of Ritz Flats, Rose Bay, Sydney, every night, and last Sunday at 3.30 p.m. he heard Mr. Marshall, of Armidale, testing 2CR Tamworth — Mr. L. V. G. Todd. On Saturday Broadcasting Ltd., Sydney, gave an excellent programme of dance music supplied by the Bungawam Band. The reception was so loud at Ascot that the applause and cries of &quot;Encore&quot; after each item were distinctly heard. Last Tuesday Broadcasters also gave an entertaining programme from 8 to 10, and so distinct was the music that it could be danced to 100 yards from the speaker. During the last week Mr. Richardson has been testing Morse Code every night with 4CK — Mr. Norris, of Toowoomba, and the tests have been very satisfactory. They are now testing telephony. During the week Farmer's Ltd., Sydney, have been heard broadcasting &quot;Lilac Nights&quot; from His Majesty's Theatre, while 3GM, Victoria, was very distinctly heard on Tuesday night. Next week Mr. Richardson will conduct a test with Mr. Hobler, Rockhampton. It is interesting to note that all these experimenters, with the exception, of course, of Broadcasters Ltd. and Farmer's, are amateurs, and the success of the tests is most gratifying.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79304742 |title=Barcaldine and General Budget |newspaper=[[The Western Champion]] |volume=XLV, |issue=1692 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=21 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=16 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MUSIC BY WIRELESS. SAN FRANCISCO HEARD ROCKHAMPTON''', June 23. Mr. '''H. Hobler''', a local wireless enthusiast, last night picked up St. Francisco Hotel, San Francisco, and heard speeches and a musical programme.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article180678355 |title=MUSIC BY WIRELESS |newspaper=[[The Telegraph]] |issue=16088 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=9 (CITY EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, more detailed report
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING IN.''' Among those interested in wireless is Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, The Range, who has a receiving set with which he has secured excellent results. Last evening Mr. '''Hobler''' heard a big station in San Francisco. Listening in at 5.25 he picked up music from Henry Halsted's orchestra which was playing at the St. Francis' Hotel in San Francisco. He listened to the music for some time and then cut out. Coming on again at 6.20 he listened in for twenty minutes before he heard the station distinctly and then he picked up a speech. This continued for some time. Later on he heard music and a few minutes after, though prior to this Townsville interrupted, calling the Niagara, got the call that the station was closing down. It was rather a notable feat, and should stimulate interest in wireless here. Mr. '''Hobler''' has for some time picked up the broad-casting stations in Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54277711 |title=LISTENING IN. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,537 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=23 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO asks another question of the Daily Mail &quot;Our Wireless Circle&quot; editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE. QUESTIONS ANSWERED.''' . . . '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton: What is good 10-watt transmitting circuit. Herewith the circuit diagram required. The current taken by each valve (5-watt radiation) is 45 millamps. and can be worked off .8 volt accumulator, and dry cells for plate supply. Mr. '''Hobler''' also asks for time and wave lengths of Brisbane transmitter, which he will find in &quot;The Daily Mail&quot; regularly; and concerning a &quot;home-charger,&quot; charge 4 and 6-volt battery at 4 amps from 240 A.C. supply, who are the agents, to which the reply is Radio House and Wireless House, Adelaide-street Brisbane.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219096053 |title=OUR WIRELESS CIRCLE |newspaper=[[The Daily Mail]] |issue=57 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=29 June 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 07=====

4DO's reception of KGO creates a surge of interest in radio reception
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). The keen interest which is now being taken in what is undoubtedly the greatest discovery of the age, warrants the fullest publicity to any information which may be of assistance to the daily increasing number of those who are taking a keen interest in the fascinating study of wireless telegraphy and telephony. For this reason this column will be devoted every Saturday to the publication of such news and comments as may, in the opinion of the writer, be of practical help to wireless enthusiasts of all classes. The recent picking up of KGO (the General Electric Company's Broadcasting Station at Oakland, California), by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', a local experimenter, has caused a keener interest than ever among wireless enthusiasts in this district. In the early part of the year this station was using a power of 1000 watts, which is equal to 1 kilowatt. According to a notice received in Sydney from America the power was to be increased to 5000 watts, in the next session of Congress, when the radio regulations in America are to be released. This station broadcasts from 10 a.m. until 1 a.m. Pacific time, on Saturday, Tuesday, and Thursday evenings, using a wavelength of 213 metres, and is heard in Australia from 4 p.m. to ? p.m. on Sunday, Wednesdays, and Friday evenings. The musical items are broadcasted from the Garden Room, St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, by KGO and apparently in the same manner as items are &quot;put through&quot; from the theatres in Sydney, by Farmer's Broadcasting Station and Broadcasters Limited. The orchestral items are played by a fine jazz band, of which Mr. Henry Halstead is the conductor. There are about ten players in all and the instruments used consist of a French horn, drum, a number of saxophones and other similar instruments. If any experimenter in this district is successful in picking up this station, or hearing any other items of interest, it is hoped he will communicate with the writer and satisfactory reports will be published in detail in this column. Intending builders or buyers of wire-less apparatus, before constructing their station must first of all obtain a license. These licenses are of several forms, and include receiving only, transmitting and receiving, or a license to deal in wireless goods. The new regulations, at the time of writing, have not come into force, but it is hoped that in a few weeks these will be given publicity and will be of such a character as to aid genuine experimenters in every way. Application forms for any one of the licenses mentioned are obtainable from a Radio Inspector or from the Controller of Radio-telegraphy, Postmaster-General's Department, Flinder's-lane, Melbourne. When the license form is completed it is returned to the Controller, together with a written statement that the licensee will preserve the secrecy of all wireless correspondence. The fee for an experimental or receiving license is very reasonable when one comes to think of the pleasure and amusement that is obtained from a good receiving set. The broadcasting stations in Australia supply great programmes to their vast wireless audiences and one away from the large cities is not altogether shut off from what goes on in the world. Market reports, weather and press news, bedtime stories for the children, popular concerts, and various other items are sent out every day and night for the benefit of listenerns-in, and these are audible many miles away from the broadcasting stations. In this way the farmer knows what his products are worth, the sheep owner is advised as to what prices his wool is bringing. The man on the land may hear great artists instead of going hundreds of miles to crowded cities, and, in fact, is offered something, which without the aid of wireless, would be practically impossible. The nearest broadcasting station to Rockhampton is 800 miles distant, airline measurement. With a suitable one valve receiver this station can be heard repeatedly and practically every night. The strength of the items received is, of course, not very great, but is of sufficient audibility to entertain several people when a number of head telephones are used in conjunction. A receiver of this type will also have a range for Morse of approximately two of four thousand miles, and stations up to the former distance are audible regularly. Later on an article will appear in these columns giving full particulars of how such a receiving set would be constructed. Questions regarding wireless matters, if sent to &quot;Aerial,&quot; c/o &quot;Bulletin&quot; Office, will be answered through these columns.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54281377 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,566 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 08=====

=====1924 09=====

&quot;Aerial&quot; foreshadows a detailed report on 4DO's receptions of KGO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' (By &quot;Aerial&quot;). . . Mr. '''H. Hobler''', of Lennox-street, City, advises that KGO, Oakland, California is still coming in well. He says that this station can be heard any night it transmits, using one valve only in the receiving set, weather permitting. So far Mr. '''Hobler''' has heard this American station 14 times (for certain), including six times on one valve only. Next week he promises to send a detailed report of some of his loggings of KGO.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54285903 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,604 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 September 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO details a reception of KGO San Francisco
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless Notes.''' By Aerial . . . This week a couple of reports have arrived so we will publish them here. Other enthusiasts please send along a few lines and let us know how your set is behaving. We want to show some of the southern fans, that they are not the only ones who know how to turn a knob. Mr. '''Hobler''', of Lennox-street sends in his report as promised, and here it is:— &quot;Herewith is my DX report for the last couple of months, including a detailed report of programme received from KGO on 27/8/24. In exactly two months 53 amateur stations were logged, situated in all Australian States (save W.A.), and New Zealand and America. Broadcaster's Ltd., and farmer's Broadcasting Company situated 800 miles away from here by air, can be heard any night on one valve and the former has been heard in daylight on a similar number. With two valves (no audio) Broadcaster's Ltd. (2BL), can be beard 12 ft. from loud speaker. KGO, 6000 miles, heard repeatedly on one valve and in daylight, and was heard several times when using 1 K.W. Here is what I heard from this station on 27/8/24:— Music on 1 valve at 5.58 p.m. (daylight). Then at 6.1 p.m.— &quot; Speech, by Henry Halstead.&quot; Music followed this up to 6.7 p.m. when there was some more speech. 6.12 p.m.— This speech, &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St Francis, San Francisco, orchestra.&quot; Nothing on wave after this until 6.15 pm., when music was again played. 6.18 p.m.— Music followed by speech and music again at 6.29 p.m. 6.32 p.m.— This speech, &quot;KGO broadcasting. Playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco.&quot; Music immediately after this speech, followed by more speech. 6.45 p.m.— Music by one instrument, then orchestra, San Francisco. Music followed after this, then speech, and music again. 7 p.m.— &quot;San Francisco,&quot; followed by harsh speech. This was the concluding speech which is always said about 1 a.m. American Pacific time which agrees to 7 p.m. East Coast Australian time. The concluding speech, which has often been heard, runs like this — &quot;Pacific Coast Station KGO, General Electric Company, Oakland, California. This concludes the broadcast programme by Henry Halstead's Orchestra, playing in the Garden Room of the Hotel St. Francis, San Francisco, KGO signing off at 1.01 a.m. Pacific time. Good morning.&quot; Only one valve was used throughout for this reception. I had a witness who also heard both speech and music through one headphone. At times the clock has been heard striking and the clapping of the dancers is often very clear. If any person doubts any of the receptions carried out by this station (4DO), I would be pleased to prove it to them by letting them hear for themselves. About 40 people have witnessed the reception of concerts from Sydney and practically every station heard has confirmed my reports, which were sent for that purpose.&quot;

Another report comes from Archer. Even this small township has an aerial. It is from Mr. M. J. Platen, who writes that while listening-in on Sunday, August 16th, he heard KGO at about 6 p.m., using a one valve home constructed receiver. The circuit used is the May circuit and no reaction was employed. He says that if any reader of these notes, wishing to try the circuit, would write to him, he would forward them the diagram. This amateur complains of the very bad howling on about 350 metres and asks if amateurs would loosen the reactance coil. On Sunday and Monday August 31st and September 1st. he complains of the interference being awful. Now then enthusiasts don't forget about that reactance coil. If you do, trouble is likely to result. (That is the spirit Mr. Platen. Keep the good work going. Thanks for your offer about the circuit. If you will send me a report of your reception of KGO I will try and get it confirmed for you, and if it is correct will publish it in these columns).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54286609 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,605 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 September 1924 |accessdate=30 November 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 10=====

&quot;Aerial&quot;, in responding to a reader's query, illustrates with 4DO's experience
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . '''Questions and Answers.''' . . . &quot;Solomon,&quot; Rockhampton, asks — (1) I have Hordern's wireless catalogue and in describing a crystal set, it says that it will receive broadcasting from all stations within 15 miles. That, apparently is unsuitable for these parts. Speaking of a two-valve set it states that it will receive from stations within 300 miles, and this also seems unsuitable, as we are 800 miles away from a broadcasting station. (2) What power are these local sets that have registered broadcasting from California? Are they very expensive? (3) What power set would you recommend to instal in order to receive from Sydney or say Melbourne? (4) Would it be possible to hear from America on a 2 or 3 valve set? Answers:— (1) The crystal set Hordern's advertise would be unsuitable here It means that it will pick up broadcasting, if situated within 15 miles of a broadcasting station. In regard to the 2-valve set. Firms always, or nearly always, underestimate the actual range of their sets, because they generally guarantee their receivers. Sydney concerts are heard here every night on one valve, by a few amateurs. Careful manipulation will give these results, provided the receiver has good parts and is connected to form a good circuit. Two valves will make signals a good deal stronger and increase receiving range. (2) Mr. '''Hobler''' gets San Francisco concerts regularly on one valve, as previously stated in these columns. You could get a good single valve set, complete with phones, battery and everything for £15. (3) A good one valve set carefully manipulated would be suitable, for headphone operation. Most valves would be advantageous, of course, and for Melbourne, two valves would probably be necessary. (4) Yes, providing you had patience, a good tuning arrangement, and knew how to control your apparatus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54290059 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,634 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=18 October 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1924 11=====

=====1924 12=====

4DO advertises to teach morse code to interested persons
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS.''' . . . MORSE Sending and Receiving Taught. Ring '''HAROLD HOBLER'''. Phone 808, for particulars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54294153 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,667 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=1 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO takes second place in Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' By &quot;Aerial.&quot; . . . In a recent issue of Australian &quot;Wireless Weekly,&quot; giving particulars of the &quot;Wireless Weekly Transmitting Tests&quot; held in October, I notice that a local experimenter in the person of Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', gained the second place for the most complete report on the tests. This is a very creditable feat, considering amateurs from all over Australia competed, and it shows that it can be done although we are in the static regions. The first place was secured by Mr. C. Fortescue, of Toowoomba, who is only half as far away as our local enthusiast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54296020 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,679 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 December 1924 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1925====

=====1925 01=====

=====1925 02=====

4DO only using very low power but has a 10 watt set ready to operate once mains power is available at his location
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' MAKE YOUR OWN A LOOSE COUPLER RECEIVER. By &quot;Aerial.&quot; Many people have never used a valve receiving set, and perhaps never will the main reason is because crystal receiving sets are cheaper to instal and cheap to maintain, and can be used by practically anyone. They are not critical to adjust and are very reliable and satisfactory when situated in the same locality as a broadcasting station. But still there are some who stick to the old crystal because they believe in time it will or may, supersede the valve. Although the three electrode valve is more or less universally used, and is the most sensitive detecting device at present known for wireless reception, the crystal as a detector is a better agent, although not nearly so sensitive. A crystal as a rectifier of incoming oscillations does not distort the human voice and reproduces exactly, and in this lies the secret of its properties. If it were only more sensitive it would be the perfect detector, and would be in general use throughout the world. However, some enthusiasts are of the opinion that some day it will be the most sensitive detector, and for this reason they continue to study and use it in their experiments. It is for these crystal barrackers that I intend to describe how to make a loose coupler receiving set in this week's notes. If the enthusiast is desirous of receiving Morse only, this set should be ideal, as it it is quite capable of receiving messages from all over Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and probably further. Carefully adjusted, it should have a range of from 2000 to 3000 miles, and any night on 600 metres there should be no trouble in logging several ship and land stations. As for the reception of wireless telephony, such a set would be practically useless at present, but with skilful tuning 4QG, the new Government station to be erected in Brisbane, may be tuned in when it is on full power. A local experimenter, '''4DO''', has a ten-watt transmitter ready for operation, but can't make use of it until the City Council will be good enough to extend the electric light cables along the street off which he lives. This amateur could easily be heard with such a set as I intend to describe, because using a power too small to register he has already been heard on fone at a distance of four miles, only a very simple crystal receiving set being used for the reception.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55234183 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,903 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 February 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 03=====

4DO reported to be transmitting phone shortly
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX Notes, &amp;c.''' You will see from the subheading that I have started a DX column, and intend to publish a DX list every week in order to give amateurs an idea of what stations are on the air, what they are doing, and to let the experimental transmitters know how their transmissions are carrying. If any amateur is successful in receiving any stations or articles of interest, the writer would be pleased to publish the report if satisfactory. Before going further let me tell you what &quot;DX&quot; means. It is not an abbreviation for doxological, dexterous, dextrosal, or even dextrorotatory. DX is merely a term used in amateur radio for &quot;long distance,&quot; pure and simple. A &quot;DX ham&quot; is a long distance amateur. The list for this week, which I must cut short for want of space, is as under. The letter A preceding a call signifies that the call is that of an Australian station. Also U signifies U.S.A., Z, New Zealand, and G, Great Britain. There are others also which need not be used at present. QSA is strong, OM is old man. Others will be given later, cut short for want of space, is as understand &quot;experimenters' language.&quot; 4EG of Toowoomba is putting out some very fine music and is as QSA as 2BL, Broadcasters' Ltd. 2RG has been heard a lot lately and is easily readable on one tube. What is his QRA? (Name and address). Mr. Fortescue, ex 4GE, has evidently changed his call. He is coming through well on one and makes use of 4CF now for identification. 4AC, Mr. Waters, of Innisfail, has been trying to work 2Y?. Good note and thumps well, but fading bad occasionally. So there are some white people in Innisfail! 2YF comes in well on two valves, and is QSA on fone. What about trying CW OM? Interrupted continuous wave is rotten to read. 2ZN is strength 9 (good signals) on detector and one of audio. 2XA, of Summer Hill, is very loud here, and was after 2GD's scalp a few nights ago. Why is he trying to sell off? lt is rumoured he prefers a car to radio. 2CR is very loud and is trying to raise Z's. Come up a bit OM. Your wavelength is a bit low to try and work Yanks, as 2DS told you. Did you hear 4AN say your wavelength was only 70 metres? 86 seems to be the most popular wave at present. 4AN, of Brisbane, has gone down and is now on about 84 metres. He is a very consistent experimenter and is on the air nearly every night up to 8 p.m. 2HM is one of the loudest and consistent amateurs heard here and, although he was using a temporary hookup, a few nights ago was as loud as ever. He is also on about 88 metres. 2YG is trying hard for England. On the 7th instant he was calling and sending messages to G2OD for about an hour and twenty minutes. If you wish to try for him get up at 4 a.m. and listen in on 88 metres. Even the captain of the English cricketers can trust him with a message for his people in England! 2YI is also on short waves and has been trying to raise Z's. 3BQ, Australia's champion (Max Howden), was calling all stations U.S.A. on 7th instant. I wonder if he clicked? 6XI, American amateur radio at California, is easily readable on one valve, although 7700 miles away, but he keeps bad hours. I logged him for fifteen minutes at midnight on the 7th instant. He was testing for PKX. 2XK is very strong here, and was busy forwarding messages to America a few mornings ago. Who is 2XK? Pse QSL. '''4DO''', of this city, will be transmitting in a few weeks. We ought to get his fone pretty QSA.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54297329 |title=DX Notes, &amp;c. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,925 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 March 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 04=====

4DO builds a new two valve receiving set and is rewarded with signals from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''IN TOUCH WITH ENGLAND.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', radio station 4DO, Lennox-street, Rockhampton, gives hereunder a few particulars of what he heard from England on the morning of the 6th instant:— &quot;Several times within the last few weeks I have been up at 4 a.m. to try to receive messages from amateur stations in England, and, although I heard several Australian and New Zealand amateurs call England, I never heard the English amateurs reply. On the morning of the 6th instant, however, I rose at 4 a.m. and again tried to pick up messages from England. At 4.28 a.m. Maxwell Howden, of Victoria, called Great Britain 2LZ (F. A. Mayer, Wickford, Essex, England), and at 4.30 a.m. 2LZ England replied in Morse code, saying that he received Howden, whose signals in England were good, and asking him to go ahead again. Howden evidently didn't hear 2LZ reply, because he called up Great Britain 2NM (G. Marcuse, Surrey, England). I also heard several messages from 2NM England, but, owing to atmospherics and fading, could not get very much. However, I am certain that it was this station that I heard, since I picked him up at four different times before daylight and heard his call sign repeatedly. The signals from these two English amateurs that I heard were all in Morse code and were faint in strength. For several weeks I have been able to receive American amateurs, situated on the Atlantic coast of America, nearly every night, but my desire was to get to the other side of the world. These signals from England were heard on a two-valve receiving set, made by myself a few weeks ago.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54301714 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=18,942 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=9 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO included in a list of licensed transmitters, albeit with a typo
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''AUSTRALIAN EXPERIMENTERS. LICENSED TRANSMITTERS.''' . . .  '''QUEENSLAND.''' . . .  '''4DO''', A. L. Hobler, Lennox-street, Rockhampton; . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article84259578 |title=AUSTRALIAN EXPERI­MENTER |newspaper=[[The Daily News]] |volume=XLIV, |issue=15,603 |location=Western Australia |date=27 April 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 (THIRD EDITION) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 05=====

=====1925 06=====

=====1925 07=====

=====1925 08=====

4DO again appears in a list of Queensland transmitting licences
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA. TRANSMITTING LICENSES.''' . . . 4DO '''Hobler, H. L.''', 8 Lennox-st., Rockhampton. . . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153663448 |title=QUEENSLAND AND NEW GUINEA |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XLV, |issue=194 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=15 August 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 09=====

=====1925 10=====

5CL so pleased with 4DO receiving their station that the feat is reported in a local newspaper
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''5CL STEADILY IMPROVING.''' Heard in Rockhampton. 5CL's transmission is steadily improving, and letters are coming in from all parts of Australia acknowledging reception of the programmes. During the week about 200 letters have been received. &quot;If Central Broadcasters receive any letters from Rockhampton, Queensland,&quot; the Radio Inspector said this week. &quot;You can be sure that the transmission is good, as Rockhampton is about the worst place on earth for the reception of wireless signals.&quot; Under these circumstances 5CL's new station is a success, as the company has received a card from Rockhampton sent by Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''', an enthusiast, who wrote:— &quot;Receive your concerts often now and can easily work a loud speaker.&quot; The station is not yet on its full power, as the modulation is incomplete. The secretary (Mr. A. R. Campbell) is doubtful whether it will be possible to receive the interstaters 3LO, 3AR, and 2BL when 5CL is in full swing. Listeners are finding it exceedingly difficult to receive these interstate stations since the new South Australian station has been in operation, and some of them report a complete inability to receive anything but the latter. A Reinartz owner achieved fairly good results, and was successful in reducing 5CL to a whisper while listening to 3LO. This was done on the Reinartz all-wave tuner, without using the special fine-tuning device embodied in the circuit. The majority of listeners would welcome a change in the wave lengths of 5CL and 3LO, as they are too close to be clearly separated. The secretary of 5CL said that the matter rested entirely with the Postmaster-General's Department, and that neither 3LO nor 5CL had the power to make a change.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59964740 |title=5CL STEADILY IMPROVING |newspaper=[[The Mail (Adelaide)]] |volume=14, |issue=697 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=23 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 11=====

4DO included in a list of stations worked by 4KR Barcaldine
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ITEMS OF INTEREST.''' The following is a list of the stations worked by A4KR (owned by Mr. J. K. Richardson, Ascot Downs, Barcaldine) during the month of October:— 2RG, 2NS, 2HM, 2BU, 3QH, 3JR, 3RW, 3UI, 3WG, 3YX, 4WB, '''4DO''', 4HR, 5BD, 5WW, 6MU, 7PF. The stations heard are:— 2CM ('phone on 40 metres calling England), 2YI, 2BK, 2UI, 2MA, 2ZN, 2DN, 2LM, 2GL, 2CB, 2DG, 2WS, 2CR, 2AW, 2XC, 2DJ, 2BR, 2HM, 2AK, 2GW, 2RG, 2FR, 2HR, 3CM, 3LM, 3AN, 3UG, 3EV, 3GH, 3RW, 3MJ, 3CR, 3YX, 3AD, 3HL, 3BF, 3TM, 3RM, 3GD, 3PE, 3AJ, 3WG, 3NM, 3BQ, 4FA, 4RB, 4AN, 4CM, 4WB, 4CK, 5AC, 5BD, 5WW, 5BG, 5CQ, 5RK, 5DD, 6AG, 6MU, 7CS, 7PF, 7OM. Mr. Richardson uses as high tension 500 volts obtained from &quot;Dutho&quot; accumulators. These are charged in blocks of 22 volts from a 32-volt lighting set. The transmitter employed is the four-coil Meissner circuit. The high wave transmitter employs the Hartley reversed feed back, and radiates 250 milliamps at 500 volts. The receivers used at the station include one eight-valve superheterodyne, which brings in 3LO in daylight, and sufficient volume is obtained so that the announcer may be heard announcing the items three-quarters of a mile away from the loudspeaker. A three-coil five-valve set is used for exploring the air, and a two-valve lowlosser is used, which tunes from 10 to 450 metres. This set will bring in 3LO, 2BL, 3AR, 5CL, at good loudspeaker strength. 4KR reports that his transmission is heard strength 9 on two valves at Armidale, also that the modulation could not be improved, and that 95 per cent. of the carrier is modulated. 4KR again announces he will be pleased to conduct tests on 'phone or otherwise with amateurs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20975078 |title=ITEMS OF INTEREST. |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |issue=21,150 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 November 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=19 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1925 12=====

4DO advertises to sell his old 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''To Let and For Sale.''' £20 BUYS 3-VALVE WIRELESS SET complete, with all accessories. Holds many reception records, only best parts employed. Inspection invited. Also quantity other apparatus cheap. List from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201394685 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1050 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 December 1925 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1926====

=====1926 01=====

4DO hears new station 2WB Albury
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Wireless News.''' WHAT EXPERIMENTERS ARE DOING. Influenced by a passing fancy, Mr. John Davidson tried on a pair of radio headphones at the home of his nephew at Alphington, Melbourne, one night last week. He did not expect to hear — he has been deaf for nineteen years. A spluttering, confused rumble of sounds, then, sharp and clear, came the voice of the announcer at the Collins-street Baptist Church, clearer than he had heard human voices during the past score of years. Mr. Davidson was denied the reception of hymns and the thunderous music of the organ, but he heard every word of the sermon. He is a retired cattle breeder from Mt. Gambier, South Australia. Radio enthusiasts in the country areas of New South Wales are making their influence felt among &quot;fans&quot; and &quot;hams&quot; throughout Australia. Some of the keenest experimenters, indeed, have carried out their work without the natural advantages which metropolitan amateurs, such as those of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane enjoy. The latest report comes from Albury, where Mr. William Bullivant, jun., who was recently granted a wireless transmitting license, under the call sign of 2WB, has received a card from an amateur in Rockhampton (Queensland), whose call is '''4DO''', stating that he had heard him experimenting on two occasions in November, but up till a week ago had not been able to obtain his address. Experiments are carried out at 10 p.m. each Sunday evening by 2WB, and irregularly at the same time on week nights. Mr. Bullivant states that any reports of reception of his station will be welcomed, and acknowledged by card. Correspondence received by Sydney broadcasting station 2FC has shown that the broadcasting of market reports has proved a boon to the men on the land. The prompt receipt of news concerning the state of the markets in Sydney is of great commercial value to the farmer and orchardist, and a request from Victoria last week gives further evidence of this. Victorian orchardists, who claim that they now supply over 70 per cent. of the stone fruit sold in the Sydney market, asked that reports in regard to the market in Sydney for Victorian fruits should be broadcasted. The request has been acceded to, and reports are being given at noon each day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187942384 |title=Wireless News. |newspaper=[[The Armidale Chronicle]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 02=====

4DO working on 82 metres and all Australia, but yet to work ZL
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' 2WH of Forbes, N.S.W., is a new transmitter on the air, and is working all Australia and New Zealand on a few watts. Note D.C. and wavelength about 80 metres. Signals are good at times, but fade badly occasionally. 5DX is sending fair signals up here lately and can be heard working near midnight. It is evident from his note that the high-tension is A.C., which accounts for me marking his signal as fair. With R.A.C. he would be twice as strong. 4DO of this city is on the air in force on 82 metres and can be heard working often. He is having no trouble in working interstate stations, using raw A.C. on plate and filament, and hopes to raise New Zealand when he gets a rectifier in use. Mr. Hobler would welcome reports on his transmissions. 7LJ from &quot;Speck&quot; (Tasmania) is heard here now and then using rectified A.C. for plate supply. Signals not very strong, but should reach around Australia in darkness.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55251921 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19187 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 February 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 03=====

4DO finally receives a reply from KGO and forwards to local newspaper Morning Bulletin
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NEWS FROM KGO.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', A-4DO, of this city, has received a letter from KGO, the General Electric Co.'s broadcasting station at Oakland, California, confirming several reports of his reception of American broadcasting on one valve in daylight in 1924. I have to thank 4DO for passing on the following news from KGO, which should be of assistance to anyone wishing to pick up this Californian broadcasting station. Mr. Jennings Pierce, manager of the publicity department, says:— &quot;Mr. Henry Halstead's orchestra, which we used to broadcast from the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, has now left this part of California. We are at present broadcasting Girvin-Deul's Californian Collegians. Of course, we do not broadcast until 1 a.m. Pacific standard time, now, as we did when Henry Halstead was on the air, but, beginning Thursday night, February 4th, we will have one evening a week of dance music from 10 p.m. to 1 a.m., our time.&quot; Mr. Pierce says that reports on transmissions from KGO are always welcomed, so if any B.C.L.'s hear this station, please send them a report at 5555 E., Fourteenth-street, Oakland, California. It is as well to note that 10 p.m., American Pacific standard time, corresponds to 4 p.m., our time the next day. Therefore, try for Oakland from 4 to 7 p.m. our time, on Friday evenings, listening on a wavelength of about 361 metres.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54320000 |title=NEWS FROM KGO. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,105 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=6 March 1926 |accessdate=1 December 2024 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 04=====

=====1926 05=====

4DO to give a demonstration of wireless at the family's Tivoli Theatre
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVOLI.''' An entertainment of a novel character will be submitted to the public at the Tivoli Theatre on Friday night next, when in addition to a full picture programme, a wireless demonstration will be given by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', who hopes to reproduce a programme of musical and other items from the leading broadcasting stations in the southern capitals. Mr. '''Hobler''' will use for the purpose a Radiola Super six-valve receiving set with a one stage amplifier, which is looked upon as one of the best radio receivers available in Australia today. Unfortunately, the successful reproduction of radio items is to a very large extent dependent upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time of operation, and although locally the weather may appear all that may be desired, it is possible that the success of a demonstration may be minimised by stormy conditions existing a considerable distance away. For this reason the management are not relying solely upon the wireless demonstration to provide the whole evening's entertainment but are presenting, in addition, a full and complete change of pictures, so that should atmospheric conditions happen to be unfavourable for wireless, patrons will still be provided with a full evening's entertainment. The usual picture prices will prevail and as the entertainment will be for the one night only patrons are advised to reserve early at Paling's as there is already a brisk demand for seats.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256115 |title=WIRELESS DEMONSTRATION. AT TIVO[?]I. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,254 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO mentioned as operating in the Morning Bulletin's DX Notes
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' There is a lot in the air these days! If you don't believe me just listen from 30 to 40 metres any time after 5 p.m. Yanks are going their hardest to get hold of the traffic trophies offered by the A.R.R.L., and others. Traffic is being worked all over the 40 metre band and after dark the Americans are logged as fast as they are sorted out. High powered Naval stations in U.S.A. are heard on the speaker and are working great DX. Brandon Wentworth of U6OI is the loudest U.S. ham and works with our country nightly. Other good Americans are 9XI, 6AJI, 8ADM, 6KB, 6NP, 6BAV, 6BBV, 6NP, 6?? and scores of others. Ed. Willis, who was in charge of one of the sets on one of the American battleships, is back again at his old address and sends his greetings to Aussie through his own station U6TS. Now that DX conditions are at their best the Australian hams are striving for long distance communications on the low waves. 4AN, who has 100 watts on a T250, is the loudest Australian using RAC. 2CM and 2YI run fairly close for the loudest DC transmitter. 2MH tells me he has worked all districts U.S.A. with 10 watts input. Up here we thought he used about 100 watts. 2DG, with 220 volts on 2-201As, has worked a few Yanks. 3KB has improved greatly and is about the loudest Victorian. 4GO, a new Queenslander, worked Chilian 9TC after finishing with '''4DO'''. 4RB still works the globe on his long 202. His note now resembles direct current, and although RAC is just as good as a generator or battery supply. 4AD, a &quot;bootlegger,&quot; has a good note on about 35 metres and works consistently. But fellows, above all that I have seen, stands out the performances of Z4AV, the station of J. L. Milne, Dunedin, New Zealand. Using a Radiotron 201A receiving valve in a 4 Coil Meissner circuit with an input power of 20 watts obtained from 375 volts S tube rectified A.C., he has WORKED Australia, Canada, France, Hawaii, Italy, Japan, Phillipine Islands, U.S.A., New Zealand, Tahiti, and last, but not least, Great Britain. Take off your hats to him for that's the finest DX that has been done for many a day. Wireless Institute Art Union. This Art Union was drawn on April 29th and in case some ticket holders have not seen the results, the list of prize winners is given for their benefit. The prices run from one to 15 as follows:— Ticket numbers 9753, 3246, 9813, 1470, 2384, 7101, 4058, 8099, 466, 6312, 3926, 2826, 2187, 8689, and 2619.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256693 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,257 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Wireless demonstration at the Tivoli a great success, mayor thanks 4DO
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' On Saturday night, in the presence of one of the largest audiences ever seen in the Tivoli Theatre, the management gave their first wireless demonstration. That the demonstration was very much appreciated was proved by the unstinted applause given throughout the entertainment. The first station to be picked up was Brisbane and which was beautifully clear. To the surprise of the big house the first item was a well known song by Rockhampton's favourite singer, Mr. Gerald Cashman. The singing was perfect while Mr. Cashman could be heard distinctly in any part of the theatre. At the conclusion of the song there were rounds of unstinted applause. The second station to be picked up was Melbourne and this was also exceptionally clear, while the singing by the various artists was also perfect. Although much further than Brisbane there was hardly any difference in the sound. Every word was clear and this item also received great applause. Sydney was then picked up, but the static was rather bad. A lady singer from Farmers' Broadcasters was heard to good advantage. Switching back again to Brisbane the audience had the pleasure of hearing another lady singer whose voice was absolutely perfect and could be heard all over the theatre. This brought the first and very successful wireless demonstration ever held in Rockhampton to a close. At the conclusion of the performance His Worship the Major, Alderman T. W. Klingel, thanked the management for giving him the pleasure of being present at the demonstration and also congratulated the young operator. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', upon the splendid success he had achieved. Owing to the great amount of interest taken in the entertainment and the outstanding success of the demonstration the management have decided to hold another wireless entertainment next Wednesday night.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55256791 |title=WONDERFUL WIRELESS AT TIVOLI |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,259 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO gives his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. SUCCESS OF WIRELESS AT TIVOLI.''' Another success was achieved by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' when he gave his second wireless demonstration at the Tivoli Theatre last night in the presence of a splendid house. Stations from Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, and Adelaide were picked up. The main picture attraction was the fine Metro-Goldwyn picture, &quot;Bread,&quot; starring Mae Busch and Pat O'Malley. . . &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201269926 |title=TIVOLI AND ARCADIA THEATRES. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1176 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=13 May 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 06=====

4DO tunes in 4QG Brisbane to relay the Gipsy Smith evangelical rally
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''LISTENING-IN TO GIPSY SMITH.''' A &quot;Listening-in Rally&quot; was held at the Baptist Tabernacle on Thursday evening last, under the auspices of the Central Queensland Christian Endeavour Union. This rally was arranged for the purpose of listening-in to the service conducted by Gipsy Smith, the world-famed evangelist, in the Exhibition Hall, Brisbane. The interest in the work of this great evangelist was proved by the large attendance. Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' kindly gave the use of his wireless set, and also officiated as operator. This rally proved very successful as the evangelist could be heard very distinctly as he gave his message of life and power. Gipsy Smith proved to be &quot;that master-musician who plays on human heart-strings,&quot; as the &quot;Sun&quot; of Melbourne describes him. &quot;Men and women of all classes, callings and creeds have listened, and have been strangely moved by the burning eloquence of this master-musician.&quot; The evangelist made mention that he had come to Queensland for the one purpose of the furtherance of the Kingdom of God. During the course of the service, Mr. E. E. Young, Mus. Bac., the accomplished and brilliant accompanist of the Gipsy Smith Mission Party, gave a delightful pianoforte solo, entitled &quot;Lead Kindly Light,&quot; which was enjoyed by all who were present. The singing of the hymns and choruses could be heard quite distinctly. One of these was particularly impressive, viz., the Gipsy's favourite &quot;Wonderful, Wonderful Jesus.&quot; The address given by this notable evangelist was indeed uplifting and powerful, and must have impressed all who were privileged to listen to his message of love. When the service was ended, Rev. P. R. Currell, Union President, assisted by Rev. C. T. Palethorpe, appealed to all present to make their stand for Jesus Christ. After a singing of a hymn the rally was brought to a close by the pronouncement of the Benediction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article201270903 |title=LISTENING IN TO GIPSY SMITH. |newspaper=[[The Evening News]] |issue=1196 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO contacts stations in California, Oregon &amp; Hawaii
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''NOTABLE WIRELESS FEAT.''' A wireless feat of a meritorious character has just been performed by Mr. '''Harold Hobler''', of this city, who has been successful in exchanging radio messages with amateur wireless stations in America and Hawaii, using a very low powered transmitting set. For some time Mr. '''Hobler''', whose station call is A-4DO, has been regularly in communication with New Zealand, Java, and many parts of Australia, but on Saturday and Sunday nights last contact was secured with the United States. At 11.28 p.m. on Saturday Mr. '''Hobler''' sent out a general call and immediately it was answered by American station 6ANQ, situated at Hemet, California. The American reported the signals from this end as readable whereupon 4DO sent his address to the American and after a further exchange of signals for twenty minutes, both stations closed down. Again on Sunday night communication was established with U-7WU, a station in Portland, Oregon, and with HU-6AXW in Hawaii. Both these stations gave good reports and said the signals were comfortably strong. The transmitting and receiving sets used by the local amateur for the occasion were both made by himself. The transmitter was worked using an input power of 28 watts and the wave length used by Mr. '''Hobler''' was 33½ metres. The whole transmitting set, excluding the current supply, is contained on a base 15 in. by 9 in. and both the transmitting and receiving set can easily be carried about. Great hopes are now entertained by Mr. '''Hobler''' for communicating with other countries in the near future.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55260548 |title=NOTABLE W1RELESH FEAT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,284 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=8 June 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 07=====

=====1926 08=====

=====1926 09=====

4DO does well in the Trans-Pacific Tests, comprehensively reported by Sydney's Daily Telegraph
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''TALKING WITH AMERICA. Wireless Amateurs. SUCCESSFUL TESTS.''' Fifty-three thousand words of official test messages found their way across the Pacific Ocean during the 14 days of the trans-Pacific tests conducted by the Wireless Institute of Australia and the American Radio Relay League. The tests were organised to demonstrate the effectiveness of present-day amateur stations in communicating over distances of 8000 or 9000 miles, and also for the purpose of discovering the most effective stations in each of the Australian States. Three months have elapsed since the start of the tests, but log sheets and reports continue to arrive at the institute from amateur stations in many countries. Though it has not been possible to complete the more technical deductions from the mass of information received it is clear that amateur radio stations were able to maintain reliable and perfect contact across the Pacific through atmospheric conditions which were in all cases described as the worst experienced since the very short wave lengths came into general use. The chief competitive section of the tests, in which 97 Australian stations participated, was one in which stations had to send an official test message of 500 words to an amateur station in America, and receive a similar one in the shortest possible time and with the lowest power. In this test alone our Australian amateurs handled 50,000 words with errors which could be counted on the fingers of one hand — a wonderful demonstration of the abilities of amateur operators. The finest performance of all stations in the Commonwealth was that of 7DX, owned and operated by Trevor Watkins, of Hobart, Tasmania. With a transmitter using half the power of that consumed by a household electric globe and with a simple two-valve receiver, Mr. Watkins sent and received message after message without an error. The leading performers in the various States were: — Victoria: 3EF, H. W. Maddick, Elwood. New South Wales: 2TM, H. Turner, Mosman. Queensland: 4AN, Leighton Gibson, Greenslopes, Brisbane. '''PROBABLE WORLD'S RECORD.''' Though acting as official traffic station for the institute and not competing, station 2YI, owned and operated by P. Nolan, of Bellevue Hill, made what was probably a world's record for the reliable and accurate working of an amateur experimental station. Mr. Nolan was responsible for sending and receiving all the official messages concerning the conduct of the test, and, in addition, all progress reports and instructions since the tests. During the intervals he also handled 9000 words of test messages without a single error. Commenting on the tests in a radio message received from Hartford (U.S.A.) the officials of the American Radio Relay League said:— &quot;Reports here all call attention to the fine signals and steady waves of your stations, and compliment your operators on splendid way they handle key. The enthusiasm and interest of hundreds taking part was unbounded. The tests have undoubtedly been greatest success here since the early trans-Atlantic communication tests.&quot; Apart from the technical information gained the tests have definitely proved that amateurs can handle bulk traffic with absolute accuracy across the Pacific. '''QUALIFYING STATIONS.''' The following is a list of Australian stations that qualified in test &quot;A,&quot; accomplishing both transmission and reception of a 500-word message (in order of merit):— Receiving and Transmitting: Special service, 2YI; general, 2TM, 2IJ, 2CG, 3EF, 3AD; special mention by A.R.R.L., 3HL, 4AN, 7DX. Transmitting only: 2CS. Receiving only: 2BK, 2GW, 2JP, 2DY, 2KW, H. C. St. John, 2JY, 2BB, 2AB, 2LM, C. D. Roberts, 3WM, 3KB, 3YN, A. H. Reid, 5KN (No. 1 Air Station, Point Cook), 3SR, A. Bingle, M. Ireson, '''4DO''', 6KX, 7OM, 7AB.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246344254 |title=TALKING WITH AMERICA |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issue=14,591 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 September 1926 |accessdate=27 January 2021 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 10=====

=====1926 11=====

4DO advertises to sell his 4 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''FOR SALE''', four valve Burndept Wireless Set, complete; gives excellent results; demonstration gladly given. Particulars from '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Lennox-street. 'Phone 808.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54339645 |title=Advertising |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,420 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=22 November 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO adds new country New Caledonia to his log
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO has been doing good work. Using 21 watts input and an indoor aerial 12 ft. long, he hooked up with 2WT in Tenterfield with a radiation of 20 milliamps. Friend '''Hobler''' also added another &quot;worked&quot; country to his list by establishing two way communication with NC-8XZ, the station of J. Perennes, at Noumea, New Caledonia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54333712 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,424 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 November 1926 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1926 12=====

4DO takes second place in the Jewell &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; Contest
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''SHORT WAVES''' . . .  &quot;MILES PER WATT&quot; CONTEST In the Jewell Australian Radio &quot;Miles per Watt&quot; 1926 contest the first prize of a gold watch has been awarded to Mr. W. H. Barber (5WH), Cumberland, S.A., whose transmission was picked up in New Zealand, 2400 miles away. He used a total input of .39 watts, equal to a fraction of the energy needed to light a pocket torch. Mr. '''H. L. Hobler''', Rockhampton, was second. His signals were received at Portland, Oregon, 7000 miles away, but his total input was 44.79 watts. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224127627 |title=SHORT WAVES |newspaper=[[The Sun]] |issue=5019 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=7 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 (FINAL EXTRA) |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, further detail
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION.''' Mr. '''Harold Hobler''' (A4DO), the local well known radio amateur, who has already accomplished some outstanding feats in the radio world, has still further added to his previous successes by winning the first prize for Queensland in the recent Jewell Radio Competition. This contest was initiated by Messrs. L. P. R. Bean &amp; Co., of Sydney, on behalf of the Jewell Instrument Co., of Chicago, for whom they are Australian agents, with a view to ascertaining which Australian station could communicate with three separate stations in any part of the world over the greatest distance in a set time, using the lowest power. Mr. '''Hobler''' raised Hawaii, California, and Oregon, U.S.A., using an input power of 28 watts, which is considered a very meritorious performance, and reflects considerable credit upon this enterprising experimenter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54336626 |title=JEWELL RADIO COMPETITION. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,436 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=11 December 1926 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

====1927====

=====1927 01=====

=====1927 02=====

4DO's older brother retires as Tivoli manager to take up another position in Brisbane
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT.''' Mr. V. L. Hobler, who has been mana-ger of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres for the last three years, will leave on Monday next for Brisbane to assume control of a leading continuous picture show in that city. To-night he will bid farewell to local patrons. Mr. Hobler has spared no effort to build up and maintain tbe standard enjoyed by the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres and his large circle of friends in  Rockhampton will wish him success in his new venture. The policy of the Tivoli-Arcadia management will be continued as heretofore.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55268645 |title=THE TIVOLI-ARCADIA MANAGEMENT. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19472 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=25 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

As previous, 4DO's brother's valedictory speech
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''THE TIVOLI. MR. V. HOBLER'S VALEDICTORY.''' At the Tivoli last night Mr. '''V. Hobler''', who is relinquishing the management of that theatre and Arcadia, in addressing those present, said:— Tonight, being my last night as manager of the Tivoli and Arcadia Theatres, I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many patrons and the public in general who have extended to these theatres such loyal and consistent support during my term as manager for the past three years. It has always ben the endeavour of the directors of those theatres and myself to present for your approval absolutely the world's best in motion pictures and the best possible offerings in vaudeville. We have given you some of the greatest motion pictures which have ever been produced and some of the greatest vaudeville attractions that have ever reached Australian shores. I can safely say that, as far as motion pictures are concerned, &quot;The White Sister&quot; will live for ever in the memory of thousands of Rockhampton picture-goers as the greatest attraction they have ever seen. For a vaudeville attraction I must say that the Flying Miranos have been proclaimed as the greatest travelling sensation that has ever appeared on an Australian stage. And the Tivoli and Arcadia have had the distinguished honour of presenting both these attractions to you. I would like to inform you that the directors of these theatres are holding contracts signed by myself for some really wonderful pictures which are to be screened during the coming year and I feel sure that when they present to you such attractions as &quot;The Son of a Sheik,&quot; &quot;The Black Pirate,&quot; &quot;Romola&quot; and &quot;The Big Parade,&quot; their enterprise will be amply rewarded. In conclusion, I wish to thank you one and all — although I have not had the pleasure of meeting everyone personally — for the magnificent patronage which has been bestowed upon these theatres during my term as manager and as a farewell to many thousands of patrons I wish to make a final promise that, although I am leaving Rockhampton fo take over on my own account a prominent continuous picture theatre in Brisbane, it is my intention to come back to the town of my birth at some future date and place before you for your approval the ideas and experiences that I may gain during my stay in the southern city. Wishing you all everything that you would just wish yourselves. (Loud applause.)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55269517 |title=THE TIVOLI. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19473 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=26 February 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 03=====

4DO testing a Hertz aerial
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. BY &quot;AERIAL.&quot;''' . . . Hertz aerials are becoming very popular with transmitters everywhere and seem to be a great improvement. 4DO is testing one out and hopes to be soon on the air again. The advantage that when the aerial is properly measured and erected the radiofrequency feeder, which one would be inclined to think was the lead-in, does not alter the wavelength and may pass near wires, iron roofs, etc., without affecting the wave to any appreciable extent. The aerial is built for a certain wavelength and the transmitter tuned to that wavelength. With an ordinary aerial the antenna is tuned to resonance with the transmitter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54341922 |title=WIRELESS NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,477 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 March 1927 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO receives a QSL card from England
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES. By &quot;Aerial.&quot;''' . . . '''&quot;DX Notes.&quot;''' . . . 4DO has received a card from England, reporting his signals heard there repeatedly last October. The reports check with his log, and since the transmitter consisted of only a 5 watt tube, with 350 volts on the plate, the spanning of such an enormous distance is very good work. F.B.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54343328 |title=WIRELESS NOIES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,484 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=12 March 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 04=====

4DO and family spend Easter at the Emu Park Hotel
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''PERSONAL NEWS.''' . . . Among the large number of guests at the Emu Park Hotel during Easter were Mr. and Mrs. N. Caswell and fam-ily, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Williams and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Hobler and family, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. Mackay, Mr. and Mrs. Elwing, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Dart, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Withers, Mr. and Mrs. George McAdam and family, Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Parker and family, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Edwards and party (4), Mrs. Lahey, Misses Jackson, A. Morgan, Bushnell, Olsen (3), E. Brumm, M. Brumm, K. Brennan, B. White, J. Hobler, Audrey Mackay, E. Dunning, J. Dalton, Nurse Bowman, Messrs. R. C. Boland, W. Sells, G. M. Ainsworth, G. D. Bolton. V. Quigley, Finlay, N. Devor, E. Steele (Stainburn), Duncan, Pearson (Brisbane), Norman Fraser, '''H. L. Hobler''', J. O'Shanessy, P. Withers, R. Withers, Schaffer, A. Miller (Bris-bane), J. McLaughlin, W. Lamberton, Crawshaw, J. K. Dawson, J. Miller, Honeyman, P. Berry, C. Hage, and Lieutenant Wolfenden.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54346654 |title=PERSONAL NEWS. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,517 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=20 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO hears the tests by PCJJ
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' As mentioned in the local press a few days ago, the experimental shortwave broadcasting station PCJJ at Philip's Radio Works Eindhoven, Holland, has been broadcasting a series of telephony tests on 30.2 metres. It has been reported by OA-4DO, that he picked up this station very weakly on the morning of the 14th instant about 7 a.m. On account of fading the items could not be heard for any length of time, and, due to the sun being above the horizon, the signals were very weak. Since this date Mr. Hobler has been keeping a regular watch for the station, but thinks that the tests have been discontinued, as the broadcaster has not been heard again since. The receiver used on the date mentioned was a two-valve one, but an amplifier is at hand and if the station comes through again, 4DO hopes to get it very well with the extra valve added. Further reports on the reception of this station would be welcomed. . . .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54342722 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,523 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 April 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 05=====

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4DO installs a motor generator &amp; considers amateur broadcasting
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''DX NOTES.''' . . . 4DO, of this city, is installing a motor generator outfit and promises to transmit some telephony on the 200 metre hand if the output is suitable. Any listener hearing his transmissions are requested to report on same to Mr. '''Hobler''', of this city.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55275376 |title=DX NOTES. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,749 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=15 October 1927 |accessdate=3 December 2024 |page=12 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1927 11=====

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====1928====

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4DO participates in the formation of the Rockhampton Radio Club &amp; elected president
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''RADIO CLUB FORMED IN ROCKHAMPTON.''' As in every part of Queensland, radio has firmly established itself in Rockhampton, and striking evidence of this fact is a large number of aerials to be seen in the city and suburbs. A closer union between wireless enthusiasts has been felt for some considerable time, but it was not until last night that a definite step in this direction was taken when an enthusiastic meeting of radio enthusiasts was held in Gregg's Cafe, Denham-street. There was about a dozen present, and the gathering was presided over by Mr. H. L. Hobler, a well-known wireless expert in the city. In outlining the business of the meeting, the chairman said they had assembled to consider the formation of a radio club in Rockhampton. Although the attendance was small, he thought it was quite good enough to discuss the matter as to whether they should proceed with several necessary matters, such as the formation of a club and the drawing up of rules and regulations. The size of the city warranted such a club, as it would help materially in advancing this fascinating entertainment among the younger enthusiasts. Several others present endorsed the chairman's sentiments, all being of the opinion that the time was ripe for the formation of such a club. Finally on the motion of Mr. B. Begg, it was decided to form a radio club, to be known as the Rockhampton Radio Club. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing year resulted at follows:— Patron, Mr. A. C. Baker; president, Mr. H. L. Hobler; vice-presidents, Messrs. B. Begg and N. Symons; secretary, Mr. W. Moon; treasurer, Mr. Semfel; committee, Messrs. G. Harris, J. Gillan, N. Symons, Johnson and Griffiths. The secretary was instructed to communicate with some of the southern radio clubs for the purpose of obtaining rule books, so that rules could be drafted. Considerable discussion hinged on the matter of the membership fee, but was finally fixed at 10s. 6d. per annum. The next meeting will be held in three weeks' time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54614629 |title=RADIO CLUB |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,853 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 March 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

4DO tries his hand at amateur broadcasting making it Rockhampton's first broadcasting station
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS NOTES.''' by &quot;AERIAL&quot; . . . LOCAL TRANSMITTING. Listeners in the city and district were surprised to hear the local amateur station '''4DO''' on the air last week, testing telephony on about 240 metres. Reception was excellent, the only interference being a slight hum from the generator. Mr. '''Hobler''' will be continuing tests this week and would welcome reports on his transmissions.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54616310&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 04=====

4DO advertises to sell his home made 3 valve receiver
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''MISCELLANEOUS''' . . . THREE VALVE Wireless Set For Sale Complete. Good Loudspeaker Results. '''HAROLD HOBLER''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54619359&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 05=====

4DO and Rockhampton Radio Club working to eliminate howling nuisance
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB.''' On Friday night last the usual fortnightly meeting of the Rockhampton Radio Club was held at Gregg's Cafe. Mr. '''H. Hobler''' presided. The attendance was very satisfactory and encouraging. A good amount of business was put through, including the formation of the Morse transmitting classes. It is desired by the club, that all intending members of these classes whether radio enthusiasts or not, should as early as possible as intended to commence the practical class within the next fortnight. The matter of howling valves has received a great amount of attention. The club has moved towards the suppression of this menace and hopes, with the co-operation of all radio enthusiasts, to that howling values in Rockhampton will in the near future be a thing of the past. Further information may be obtained from J. J. C. Johnston, 140 Alma-street, Mr. W. Moon, Denham-street or Mr. '''H. Hobler''', Tivoli Theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54621854 |title=ROCKHAMPTON RADIO CLUB. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,902 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=14 May 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 06=====

4DO hears the Southern Cross
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS MESSAGE.''' The following were received from the aeroplane Southern Cross yesterday, by Mr. Harold L. Hobler, on a two-valve home made receiver, at good strength. No aerial whatsoever was used at this end. The Southern Cross was first picked up at 4.10 p.m. calling the American Radio Relay League at Hartford, U.S.A. The plane sent a message then to the effect that all the airmen were thinking of all their friends and continued:— &quot;Sure having a nice ride here among the clouds. We are now a bit away from the clouds, but a solid heavy rolling mass under us.&quot; At 4.23 p.m. the plane again called the A.R.R.L. and sent the following position message — &quot;Here 7 p.m. Position latitude 4 deg. 10 min. north, longitude 168 deg. 52 min. west. Climbing. Position Southern Cross.&quot; After this calls were made at intervals of every few minutes by the operator of the Southern Cross. At 5.15 another message was received timed 8 p.m. and giving the position as latitude 138 deg. north, longitude 169 deg. 35 min. west. The next signals followed at an interval of half-an-hour later when the operator signalled &quot;The sky is clear over us with nice moon. This is when one enjoys the moon.&quot; A further break ensued until 6.20, when the aeroplane sent a further message timed 9 p.m., reading:— &quot;Here Southern Cross. Latitude zero 30 min. north, longitude 169 deg. 59 min. west. I will call again later.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54624358 |title=WIRELESS MESSAGE. |newspaper=[[Morning Bulletin]] |issue=19,923 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=5 June 1928 |accessdate=2 December 2024 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

=====1928 07=====

4DO passes his Certificate of Proficiency in Radio Telegraphy
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''WIRELESS ENGINEER AND OPERATOR.''' Mr. '''Harold L. Hobler''' has received the gratifying news from the Chief Inspector of Wireless in Melbourne that he successfully passed the final examination for a first-class wireless engineer and operator. For each of the five subjects which it is necessary to pass Mr. '''Hobler''' gained over 75 per cent. This certificate entitles the holder to the position of a sea-going operator. Mr. '''Hobler''' is to be congratulated on his success.&lt;ref&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article54628303&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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Brief biography of 4DO in the Bulletin, likely by 2NO Don Knock, technical editor
&lt;blockquote&gt;'''Radio VK4DO.''' VK4DO (Harold L. Hobler, Rockhampton) was one of the first licensed stations in Queensland; it transmitted
240-metre broadcasts first in 1923, and was the first licensed receiving station in Rockhampton after the war. From 1923 it has never been long off the air; of late years the log shows an entry for practically every day. The station has progressed from 140 volts on a UV202 in a self-excited Meissner and Hartley to a four-stage rack crystal control with 47, 46, 46 and 210 in the final on 20 metres, where the station is practically always situated. VK4DO has never used greater input than 45 watts, always being on low power. The four-stage crystal rig has switching for change to 40 metres by cutting out a 46 doubler. The transmitter is followed by a 1936 model SX9 Super Skyrider with crystal, recently obtained from Chicago. Next is a Gross monitor, which keeps a check on frequency and signal; then a faithful Super Wasp, which served well for several years until the Super Skyrider arrived.
A map of the world in front of the
operator is mounted on a sheet of porous
Celotex with a small pinned flag to show
exact location and call of any station
marked. It takes only a glance to see
just where QSOS have been made.
Crystal control has been in just over a
year. Prior to that the station went
through all the old phases, trying to get
a good note; supplies, including the old
slop jar rectifiers, Amrad “S” tubes and
an Esco generator giving 500 volts.
In 1926 VK4DO was the winner of the
Queensland Jewell miles-per-watt con-
test, communicating with Hawaii, Cali
fornia and Oregon (U.S.A.), using 140
volts on a UV202. In this year the station
was also successful for Queensland in the
Trans-Pacific tests conducted by the
A.R.R.L. and W.I.A. In 1925 the station
transmitted 200-metre ’phone to New
Zealand (2000 miles), using 160 volts on
a receiving valve as a transmitter,
Despite the low input of 40 watts five
continents have been worked in an hour,
Africa being the stumbling-block for
WAC at the lime. The station is now
WAC several times, also WBE, and the
O.M. is an original foundation member
of the Rag Chewers’ Club. Fifty-four
countries have been worked in all con
tinents. Some 2400 contacts have been
made using a 202 or 210. The aerial is
a single wire with small counterpoise, in
a poor location. R8 reports from Europe
and Eastern U.S.A. seem to indicate it
is a good radiator.
VK4DO holds a first-class wireless
operator’s certificate, but amateur radio
is his hobby, and he is keener to-day
than when he started over 13 years ago.
When not at his station he manages a
theatre.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation
  |
  | title=The bulletin.
  | year=1880
  | section=105 volumes : illustrations (chiefly coloured), portraits (chiefly coloured) ; 30-40 cm.
  | issn=0007-4039
  | series=John Ryan Comic Collection (Specific issues).
  | issue=Vol. 57 No. 2954 (23 Sep 1936)
  | location=Sydney, N.S.W
  | publisher=John Haynes and J.F. Archibald
  | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-562295790
  | id=nla.obj-562295790
  | access-date=30 November 2024
  | via=Trove
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>siec1gwnq06gitagg6qle9zbw3fsg62</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category talk:Wikibooks edit filter</title>
    <ns>15</ns>
    <id>470681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448798</id>
      <parentid>4447684</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T15:43:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Atcovi</username>
        <id>1015207</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>replace with {{Talk header}}</comment>
      <origin>4448798</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3819" sha1="sk3tsmpl9kssadfu4g180usm6yfvxf7" xml:space="preserve">{{#ifeq:{{{bottom}}}|yes
|{{tmbox
|small = 
|image = none
|style = text-align:center;
|text = '''Please place new discussions at the bottom of the page.'''
}}
}}{{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|User talk|1|0}}*{{#ifeq:|yes|1|0}}|
&lt;table style=&quot;text-align:center; border: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: none; background-color:#FFFFF3&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th style=&quot;font-size: 85%&quot;&gt;This is a &lt;span style=&quot;white-space: nowrap&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#87;&amp;#105;&lt;!-- Wikibooks --&gt;&amp;#107;&amp;#105;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#98;&amp;#111;&amp;#111;&amp;#107;&amp;#115;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; [[WB:TALK|user discussion page]].

This is not a textbook or the discussion page for a textbook. If you find this page on any site other than &lt;span style=&quot;white-space: nowrap&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#87;&amp;#105;&lt;!-- Wikibooks --&gt;&amp;#107;&amp;#105;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#98;&amp;#111;&amp;#111;&amp;#107;&amp;#115;&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; you are viewing a mirror site. Be aware that the page may be outdated, and that the user this page belongs to may have no personal affiliation with any site other than &lt;span style=&quot;white-space: nowrap&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#87;&amp;#105;&lt;!-- Wikibooks --&gt;&amp;#107;&amp;#105;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#98;&amp;#111;&amp;#111;&amp;#107;&amp;#115;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; itself. The original page is located at &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;[http://en.wiki&lt;!----&gt;books.org/wiki/{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} &lt;span&gt;http://en.wiki&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span&gt;books.org/wi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ki/{{FULLPAGENAMEE}}&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt; }}
&lt;table {{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|User talk|1|0}}*{{#ifeq:|yes|1|0}}
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}} &gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;th colspan=4 style=&quot;border-bottom: 1px solid #c0c090; width: 100%&quot;&gt;{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|User talk|This is [[{{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}}]]'s [[WB:DISCUSS|discussion page]], where you can send messages and comments to {{PAGENAME}}.|This is the [[WB:DISCUSS|discussion page]] for discussing {{#if:|[[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}}]] and anything related to its purposes and tasks|improvements to the [[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}|{{PAGENAME}}]] {{pagetype}}}}.}}&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: white; border: 1px solid #c0c090&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{SUBJECTSPACE}}||*'''This is not a forum for general discussion of the page's subject.'''}}
* '''Put new text under old text.''' [{{fullurl:{{TALKPAGENAMEE}}|action=edit&amp;section=new}} Click here to start a new topic].
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* [[Wikibooks:Be civil|Be polite]]
* [[Wikibooks:Assume good faith|Assume good faith]]
* [[Wikibooks:No personal attacks|Avoid personal attacks]]
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{{#switch:yes||{{#if:{{SUBJECTSPACE}}|no|yes}}=&lt;td style=&quot;border-left: 1px solid #c0c090&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
; Textbook policies: &lt;/div&gt;
* [[Wikibooks:Original research|No original research]]
* [[Wikibooks:Neutral point of view|Neutral point of view]]
* [[Wikibooks:What is Wikibooks|Stay in scope]]
&lt;/td&gt;
}}&lt;/td&gt;{{#if:|&lt;td&gt;{{shortcut||||| }}&lt;/td&gt;}}
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{{#if:||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive 1|
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=4 style=&quot;text-align: center; border-top: 1px solid #c0c090; padding: 1px 3px&quot;&gt;'''[[WB:ARCHIVE|Archives]]:''' {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive index|[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive index|Index]],&amp;#32;}}{{Archive list|nobr=yes|root={{FULLPAGENAME}}}}&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
}}
}}
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&lt;/table&gt;</text>
      <sha1>sk3tsmpl9kssadfu4g180usm6yfvxf7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Omoebe (leave) soup</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>470713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448805</id>
      <parentid>4448065</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:43:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added [[Category:Atama recipes]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]]</comment>
      <origin>4448805</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2464" sha1="5lhehyhwsjd9k4xcb596ogykmeib1py" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Soup recipes
| Servings = 2-3
| Time = 45 minutes
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{Recipe}}

'''Omoebe''' [[Cookbook:Soup|soup]], also known as  Omo Ebe or Omoebe, is a flavorful traditional soup from the Yoruba people of Nigeria. It is made primarily with Obeletete (a type of leaf) and thickened with Iru (locust beans) and other indigenous spices

=Ingredients=

* Omoebe (Obeletete) leaves
* 1/4 cup [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]]
* 1-2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Iru|Iru]] (locust beans)
* [[Cookbook:Beef|Beef]]
* [[Cookbook:Stockfish|Stockfish]] (optional)
* Dried [[Cookbook:Fish|fish]] (optional)
* 1-2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Crawfish|Ground crayfish]]
* 1 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoon]] [[Cookbook:Pepper|Ground pepper]]
* 2 to 3 Seasoning cubes
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]]
* [[Cookbook:Water|Water]] 

== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Knife|Knife]] 
* Cooking Gas
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender marching]]
* Cooking pot

= Procedure =

# Boil the beef, [[Cookbook:Stockfish|stockfish]], and dried fish in a pot with seasoning cubes, salt, and some water. Cook until tender, usually about 45 minutes to an hour.
# Wash the Omoebe (Obeletete) leaves thoroughly and chop them into smaller pieces. If you're using spinach as a substitute, chop it as well.
# In a separate pot, heat the palm oil over medium heat until it melts and turns slightly reddish. Add the locust beans Iru and stir-fry for 2-3 minutes to release their aroma.
# Add the boiled meats along with their stock into the palm oil mixture. Stir well to combine the flavors.
# Stir in the ground crayfish and ground pepper. Adjust the seasoning by adding more seasoning cubes, salt, or pepper if necessary.
# Add the chopped Omoebe leaves to the pot and stir. If necessary, add a bit of water to achieve the desired consistency. Cook for about 5-10 minutes, allowing the leaves to soften and the flavors to blend.
# Taste the soup and adjust the seasoning if needed. Let the soup simmer for another 10 minutes to allow all the ingredients to meld together.
# Omoebe soup is now ready! Serve it hot with [[Cookbook:Poundo Yam|pounded yam]], [[Cookbook:Fufu|fufu]], or any starch of your choice.

[[Category:Beef recipes]]
[[Category:Soup recipes]]
[[Category:Ground crayfish recipes]]
[[Category:Meat recipes]]
[[Category:Dryfish recipes]]
[[Category:Pepper recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Leavening recipes]]
[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Atama recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>5lhehyhwsjd9k4xcb596ogykmeib1py</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448810</id>
      <parentid>4448805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T16:45:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>incomplete</comment>
      <origin>4448810</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2511" sha1="4mly1qddbd8uekbehorf2qgabake1o0" xml:space="preserve">{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing quantities}}{{Recipe summary
| Category = Soup recipes
| Servings = 2-3
| Time = 45 minutes
| Difficulty = 2
}}

{{Recipe}}

'''Omoebe''' [[Cookbook:Soup|soup]], also known as  Omo Ebe or Omoebe, is a flavorful traditional soup from the Yoruba people of Nigeria. It is made primarily with Obeletete (a type of leaf) and thickened with Iru (locust beans) and other indigenous spices

=Ingredients=

* Omoebe (Obeletete) leaves
* 1/4 cup [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|Palm oil]]
* 1-2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Iru|Iru]] (locust beans)
* [[Cookbook:Beef|Beef]]
* [[Cookbook:Stockfish|Stockfish]] (optional)
* Dried [[Cookbook:Fish|fish]] (optional)
* 1-2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Crawfish|Ground crayfish]]
* 1 [[Cookbook:Tablespoon|tablespoon]] [[Cookbook:Pepper|Ground pepper]]
* 2 to 3 Seasoning cubes
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]]
* [[Cookbook:Water|Water]] 

== Equipment ==
* [[Cookbook:Knife|Knife]] 
* Cooking Gas
* [[Cookbook:Blender|Blender marching]]
* Cooking pot

= Procedure =

# Boil the beef, [[Cookbook:Stockfish|stockfish]], and dried fish in a pot with seasoning cubes, salt, and some water. Cook until tender, usually about 45 minutes to an hour.
# Wash the Omoebe (Obeletete) leaves thoroughly and chop them into smaller pieces. If you're using spinach as a substitute, chop it as well.
# In a separate pot, heat the palm oil over medium heat until it melts and turns slightly reddish. Add the locust beans Iru and stir-fry for 2-3 minutes to release their aroma.
# Add the boiled meats along with their stock into the palm oil mixture. Stir well to combine the flavors.
# Stir in the ground crayfish and ground pepper. Adjust the seasoning by adding more seasoning cubes, salt, or pepper if necessary.
# Add the chopped Omoebe leaves to the pot and stir. If necessary, add a bit of water to achieve the desired consistency. Cook for about 5-10 minutes, allowing the leaves to soften and the flavors to blend.
# Taste the soup and adjust the seasoning if needed. Let the soup simmer for another 10 minutes to allow all the ingredients to meld together.
# Omoebe soup is now ready! Serve it hot with [[Cookbook:Poundo Yam|pounded yam]], [[Cookbook:Fufu|fufu]], or any starch of your choice.

[[Category:Beef recipes]]
[[Category:Soup recipes]]
[[Category:Ground crayfish recipes]]
[[Category:Meat recipes]]
[[Category:Dryfish recipes]]
[[Category:Pepper recipes]]
[[Category:Onion recipes]]
[[Category:Leavening recipes]]
[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Atama recipes]]</text>
      <sha1>4mly1qddbd8uekbehorf2qgabake1o0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hebrew/Lessons</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470728</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448777</id>
      <parentid>4448203</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:16:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4448777</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="753" sha1="hdno4u9zivsz2fszmqsw8c0y220x27r" xml:space="preserve">Below is a list of the lessons within this book in order, along with the content (or planned content) of the lesson. Before starting with the lessons, make sure to go through [[Hebrew/Introduction|the introduction]] with a [[Hebrew/Introduction/Studying Hebrew|study guide]], [[Hebrew/Introduction/Greetings|greetings]], and the [[Hebrew/Introduction/Alphabet|alphabet]]. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+List of lessons (sections not included)
!Lesson Name
!Lesson Plan
|-
|[[Hebrew/Elementary/Lesson 1|Elementary Lesson 1]] 
|Learn essential words along with basic pronouns
|-
|[[Hebrew/Elementary/Lesson 2|Elementary Lesson 2]]
|
|-
|[[Hebrew/Elementary/Lesson 3|Elementary Lesson 3]]
|
|-
|[[Hebrew/Elementary/Lesson 4|Elementary Lesson 4]]
|
|}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>hdno4u9zivsz2fszmqsw8c0y220x27r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 3/Ratios</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470729</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448776</id>
      <parentid>4448237</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:16:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4448776</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="8w4mrsgda4sy22mxkjr3bl7y2cf4tvq" xml:space="preserve">==Pie Charts==

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>8w4mrsgda4sy22mxkjr3bl7y2cf4tvq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 14/Pythagorean Theorem</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470730</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448775</id>
      <parentid>4448253</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T12:16:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4448775</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3974" sha1="qacqdnm42ryyseutv7w93pr93w02fcp" xml:space="preserve">== An Overview of The Pythagorean Theorem ==
[[Image:Pythagorasanimation.gif|right|frame]]

The first expressions for mathematics were closer to Geometry than to Algebra, and the Greeks were the first people to study mathematics for its own sake, leading to generalized theories and proofs.  A Greek mathematician named Euclid wrote a book called [[w:Euclidean geometry|&quot;The Elements&quot;]] that presented Geometry as a logical system derived from 5 Axioms or givens and 5 &quot;common sense&quot; assertions about logic.

In the Euclid's Elements Proposition 47 is the [[w:Pythagorean Theorem|Pythagorean Theorem]] which states &quot;In any right triangle, the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse  (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares whose sides are the two legs (the two sides that meet at a right angle).&quot;  This is quite a mouthful, but as we will see below in algebra we can write it as &lt;math&gt;a^2+b^2=c^2&lt;/math&gt;. The animation to the right shows an animation of Euclid's proof for Proposition 47.

The article on the [[w:Pythagorean Theorem|Pythagorean Theorem]] shows several other approaches to prove the Pythagorean Theorem including one that was published by the future President of the United States James Garfield in 1876!

Integers that conform to the theorem are called [[w:Pythagorean Triples|Pythagorean Triples]], which we will soon address.  A [[w:Plimpton 322|clay tablet]] shows that Pythagorean triplets were being documented almost 4000 years ago, 1,000 years before Pythagoras.  One archaeologist theorizes that the tablet might have been a problem set a teacher assigned a student.

==Pythagorean Triples==
If there exist three positive integers who are sides of a right triangle (the sum of the squares of the 2 smaller integers is equal to the square of the largest), then the three numbers are called Pythagorean Triples. Common triples include:

3-4-5

5-12-13

7-24-25

8-15-17

12-35-37

20-21-29

Note: If the three numbers a-b-c are a Pythagorean Triple, then all subsequent multiples of this Triple will satisfy the Pythagorean Theorem.

&lt;center&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=80% align=center
  |+ Pythagorean Triples and Their Multiples
|-style=&quot;color:green;&quot; align=center
  | Multiplier
  | 3-4-5
  | 5-12-13
  | 7-24-25
  | 8-15-17
  | 12-35-37
  | 20-21-29
|- style=&quot;color:maroon;&quot; align=center
  | X 2
  | 6-8-10
  | 10-24-26
  | 14-48-50
  | 16-30-34
  | 24-70-74
  | 40-42-58
|- style=&quot;color:maroon;&quot; align=center
  | X 3
  | 9-12-15
  | 15-36-39
  | 21-72-75
  | 24-45-51
  | 36-105-111
  | 60-63-87
|- style=&quot;color:maroon;&quot; align=center
  | X 4
  | 12-16-20
  | 20-48-52
  | 28-96-100
  | 32-60-68
  | 48-140-148
  | 80-84-116
|- style=&quot;color:maroon;&quot; align=center
  | X 5
  | 15-20-25
  | 25-60-65
  | 35-120-125
  | 40-75-85
  | 60-175-185
  | 100-105-145
|- style=&quot;color:maroon;&quot; align=center
  | etc.
  | ...
  | ...
  | ...
  | ...
  | ...
  | ...
|}
&lt;/center&gt;

Not all numbers create a Pythagorean Triple.  In fact if you connect the corners of a square on a Cartesian grid you've just drawn a line that has an irrational length.  &lt;math&gt; 1^2 + 1^2 = 2 &lt;/math&gt; so the length of the line is &lt;math&gt; \sqrt 2 &lt;/math&gt;.  It is said that the Greek mathematician who proved this, [[w:Hippasus|Hippasus]] was thrown off a ship and drowned for proving that the &lt;math&gt; \sqrt 2 &lt;/math&gt; was irrational.

The Wikipedia article on [[w:Pythagorean triple|Pythagorean Triples]] shows mathematical research on Pythagorean Triples.  If you follow the links on the article you will find that modern mathematicians are still finding new patterns with them. Even if you don't find Pythagorean triples interesting for their own sake, it is worth memorizing the first set: 3-4-5.  You are likely to encounter these numbers on standardized tests or in word problems.  After you leave school you will find opportunities to use these lengths to quickly test whether an angle you are looking at is square.

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    <title>Algebra/Chapter 15/Exercises</title>
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      <text bytes="3620" sha1="fpbxsl8p9ct8vyyyuq4p4zq0lny48ps" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 12 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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      <text bytes="3806" sha1="0yewj24xfcya13pncbyt4a3vpgmbeon" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 14 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following expressions.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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      <id>4448940</id>
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        <id>3384416</id>
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      <text bytes="3812" sha1="np1odbvspoa8rho8xsrgjuojho7iqta" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 14 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448943</id>
      <parentid>4448940</parentid>
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      <text bytes="3934" sha1="8qnvq0o9gjce4qho0d0a2bnmde4vcck" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 15 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;2^{n+1} \geq n^2&lt;/math&gt; for all positive integers.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.15&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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      <text bytes="3931" sha1="bat7juj4oq2mpo52hklvc5nj6d0z4y7" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 15 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;2^{n+1} \geq n^2&lt;/math&gt; for all positive integers.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} &gt; 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.15&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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      <text bytes="3934" sha1="8qnvq0o9gjce4qho0d0a2bnmde4vcck" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 15 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;2^{n+1} \geq n^2&lt;/math&gt; for all positive integers.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.15&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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        <id>3384416</id>
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      <text bytes="3931" sha1="5sswhium6ega2ufptub6f9hwf2cb8ub" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 15 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;2^{n+1} &gt; n^2&lt;/math&gt; for all positive integers.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.15&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

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    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:46:05Z</timestamp>
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        <id>3384416</id>
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      <text bytes="3927" sha1="nlfy7ghjfirxivl0zkn6nb8x4kzhhp8" xml:space="preserve">A set of exercises related to concepts from Chapter 15.

This set contains 15 exercises (including the Conceptual Questions)

==Conceptual Questions==
==Exercises==
===Section 15.1===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.1&lt;/u&gt; (Discrete Function)''' Consider the function &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;, given by

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;f = \begin{bmatrix}1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\1 &amp; 5 &amp; 3 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \end{bmatrix}&lt;/math&gt;

'''1.''' Evaluate the following:&lt;br&gt;
'''i.''' &lt;math&gt;f(2)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' &lt;math&gt;f(6)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' &lt;math&gt;f(4.5)&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = 5.&lt;br&gt;
'''3.''' Find an ''n'' in the domain of ''f'' such that f(n) = n.&lt;br&gt;
'''4.''' Find an element in the codomain of ''f'' that is not in its range.&lt;br&gt;

'''&lt;u&gt;15.2&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective I)''' All of the functions below have the domain and codomain of &lt;math&gt;\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.3&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective II)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.4&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective III)''' All of the functions below are determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}&lt;/math&gt;. Determine if each of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, or neither injective or surjective.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.5&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective IV)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2, 3, 4\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt; 
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

'''&lt;u&gt;15.6&lt;/u&gt; (Injective and Surjective V)''' Write out all of the functions determined by &lt;math&gt;f: \{1, 2\} \rightarrow
 \{a, b, c, d\}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
'''1.''' How many functions are possible?&lt;br&gt;
'''2.''' How many of them are only injective, only surjective, bijective, and neither respectively?

===Section 15.2===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.7&lt;/u&gt; (Multiples of 6)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;7^n - 1&lt;/math&gt; is a multiple of 6 for all natural numbers ''n''.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.8&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Odd Numbers)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1 + 3 + 5 + ... (2n - 1) = n^2&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.9&lt;/u&gt; (Sum of Squares)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... n^2 = \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.10&lt;/u&gt; (2 to the n)''' Use induction to prove that &lt;math&gt;2^{n+1} &gt; n^2&lt;/math&gt; for all positive integers.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.11&lt;/u&gt; (Bernoulli's Inequality)''' '''Bernoulli's Inequality''' approximates powers of &lt;math&gt;(x + 1)&lt;/math&gt;. This inequality is of the form:

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;(1 + x)^{k} \geq 1 + kx&lt;/math&gt;, where k and x are integers&lt;/center&gt;.

Use induction to prove this inequality.

===Section 15.3===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.12&lt;/u&gt; (Functional Equation)''' A function &lt;math&gt;f(x)&lt;/math&gt; defined on the positive integers satisfies &lt;math&gt;f(1) = 2000&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + f(4) + ... f(n) = n^2f(n)&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate &lt;math&gt;f(2000)&lt;/math&gt;.

===Section 15.4===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.13&lt;/u&gt; (Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Write the following sequences in either sigma or pi notation.

'''&lt;u&gt;15.14&lt;/u&gt; (Expanding Sigma/Pi Notation)''' Expand the following sums and products.

===Section 15.5===
===Section 15.6===
===Section 15.7===
===Section 15.8===
'''&lt;u&gt;15.15&lt;/u&gt; (Twelve Days of Christmas)''' In the song ''The Twelve Days of Christmas'', my true love gave me 1 gift on the first day, then 2 gifts and 1 gift on the second day, then 3 gifts, 2 gifts, and 1 gift on the third day, and so forth. How many gifts in total did my true love give to me on all 12 days?

===Section 15.9===
===Section 15.10===

==Reason and Apply==
==Challenge Problems==

{{BookCat}}</text>
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      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="931" sha1="slzdu225it7aavghl7vaapvpo49fs7n" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=99% style=&quot;border:5px inset gray&quot;
  | align=center| ------------------------
  | align=center|[[Algebra]]&lt;br&gt;[[Algebra/Chapter 15|Chapter 15: Sequences and Series]]&lt;br&gt;Section 1: Discrete Functions
  | align=left|[[Algebra/Arithmetic|Operations of Arithmetic]]
|}
{{resize|1.25rem|'''15.1: Discrete Functions'''}}
----
==A More Formal Understanding of Functions==
As you know, a '''function''' assigns an input to exactly one output. We defined the set of inputs as the function's '''domain''' and the set of outputs as its '''range'''. 

To describe a function ''f'' with a domain ''X'' and a codomain ''Y'', we use the notation

&lt;center&gt;&lt;math&gt;f:X \rightarrow Y&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/center&gt;

==Discrete Functions==
Up to this point, we have studied what are called '''continuous functions''', which took on certain values on any given interval.

==Surjections, Injections, and Bijections==

==Inverses==

{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>Normative Ethics</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
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      <comment>/* Contents */ piping theory links</comment>
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Welcome to '''Normative Ethics'''!&lt;/div&gt;
== Contents ==
*'''[[/Introduction/]]'''
*'''[[/History/]]'''
*'''[[/Meta-Ethical Foundations/]]'''
*'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Deontological Ethics|Deontological Ethics]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Consequentialism|Consequentialism]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Virtue Ethics|Virtue Ethics]]'''
*'''[[/Political Connections/]]'''
*'''[[/Normativity Beyond Ethics/]]'''
*'''[[/Applied Ethics/]]'''
*'''[[/Thought Experiments/]]'''
*'''[[/Conclusion/]]'''
{{BookCat}}</text>
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        <username>JJPMaster</username>
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      <comment>/* Contents */ +glossary</comment>
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Welcome to '''Normative Ethics'''!&lt;/div&gt;
== Contents ==
*'''[[/Introduction/]]'''
*'''[[/History/]]'''
*'''[[/Meta-Ethical Foundations/]]'''
*'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Deontological Ethics|Deontological Ethics]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Consequentialism|Consequentialism]]'''
**'''[[/Theories of Normative Ethics/Virtue Ethics|Virtue Ethics]]'''
*'''[[/Political Connections/]]'''
*'''[[/Normativity Beyond Ethics/]]'''
*'''[[/Applied Ethics/]]'''
*'''[[/Thought Experiments/]]'''
*'''[[/Conclusion/]]'''
*'''[[/Glossary/]]'''
{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>User talk:Raph Williams65</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Raph Williams65</username>
        <id>3488101</id>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;==Welcome== Welcome to my userpage talk on [[Wikibooks]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="56" sha1="8i168qy2cnu3l133sd1597z5g7byvlo" xml:space="preserve">==Welcome==
Welcome to my userpage talk on [[Wikibooks]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
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      <comment>Installing [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js]] ([[User:Enterprisey/script-installer|script-installer]])</comment>
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importScript('User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js'); // Backlink: [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js]]</text>
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    <title>Category:Atama recipes</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
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      <comment>create cat</comment>
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[[Category:Herb and spice recipes]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Not alexand</username>
        <id>3453611</id>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Hi! Wikibooks seems cool&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4448893</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="24" sha1="lkje86j73480n01ozhocd3vmrni5bm4" xml:space="preserve">Hi! Wikibooks seems cool</text>
      <sha1>lkje86j73480n01ozhocd3vmrni5bm4</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Not alexand</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470776</id>
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      <id>4448894</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcomed new user with [[w:en:User:JJPMaster/OneClickWelcomer.js|OneClickWelcomer]]</comment>
      <origin>4448894</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="938" sha1="ocq36ro19bipovqtt7m3hcym33i046h" xml:space="preserve">
==Welcome!==
Welcome, Not alexand!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 19:03, 2 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Lentis/AI Music, Creativity, and Intellectual Property</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470777</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448913</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-02T21:51:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nurbol Lampert</username>
        <id>3488130</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added Introduction, History, Present Issues (Lack of Creativity), and References</comment>
      <origin>4448913</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5740" sha1="lijc517lzr2py4reb8ud5el05ajjae8" xml:space="preserve">== Overview ==

=== Introduction ===
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the music industry by redefining how music is composed, performed, and consumed. What began as theoretical musings by pioneers like Alan Turing has grown into a field with sophisticated neural networks capable of composing full-length songs. However, this evolution raises pressing questions about originality, ownership, and the future of human creativity. 

=== History ===

====== Theoretical Foundations: 1950s-1960s ======
The concept of AI-generated music originated with Alan Turing, who theorized in the 1950s that machines could emulate human cognitive processes, including music composition. His ideas laid the groundwork for computational creativity.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Copeland |first=B. Jack |title=Turing and the History of Computer Music |date=2017 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-53280-6_8 |work=Philosophical Explorations of the Legacy of Alan Turing: Turing 100 |pages=189–218 |editor-last=Floyd |editor-first=Juliet |access-date=2024-12-02 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-53280-6_8 |isbn=978-3-319-53280-6 |last2=Long |first2=Jason |editor2-last=Bokulich |editor2-first=Alisa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1957, Lejaren Hiller and Leonard Isaacson at the University of Illinois created the Illiac Suite&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ILLIAC Suite – Illinois Distributed Museum |url=https://distributedmuseum.illinois.edu/exhibit/illiac-suite/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=distributedmuseum.illinois.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Using the ILLIAC I computer, they developed an algorithmic process to compose a string quartet, marking one of the first successful instances of computer-generated music. It demonstrated the potential of computers to collaborate in creative endeavors, sparking decades of research into AI's role in music.

====== Rule-Based Systems: 1970s-1980s ======
During the 1970s and 1980s, AI systems advanced with rule-based algorithms that mimicked specific musical styles. David Cope’s Experiments in Musical Intelligence&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=tluong |date=2015-04-29 |title=Algorithmic Music – David Cope and EMI |url=https://computerhistory.org/blog/algorithmic-music-david-cope-and-emi/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=CHM |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; (EMI) exemplified this approach by analyzing existing compositions and generating new ones in the style of Bach and Mozart. However, EMI heavily relied on predefined human rules, highlighting the imitative, rather than generative, nature of early AI.

A significant technological leap came in 1983 with the introduction of MIDI&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=MIDI |date=2024-11-25 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2024-12-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). MIDI standardized communication between computers and electronic instruments, enabling precise control of musical elements and facilitating data collection for future AI systems.

====== Machine Learning: 1990s-2000s ======
AI music systems transitioned from rule-based models to data-driven techniques in the 1990s. Machine learning algorithms enabled pattern recognition and predictive modeling, allowing AI to generate more complex and varied compositions. Projects like Accenture’s Symphonologie&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Accenture {{!}} Symphonologie |url=https://www.oneclub.org/awards/theoneshow/-award/25489/symphonologie/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=www.oneclub.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; showcased AI as a collaborative tool, blending human and machine creativity.

====== Neural Networks: 2010s-Present ======
The rise of deep learning revolutionized AI in music. Neural networks, trained on vast datasets, now compose intricate, multi-instrumental pieces in seconds. Tools like OpenAI’s MuseNet&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MuseNet |url=https://openai.com/index/musenet/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=openai.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; and AIVA&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AIVA, the AI Music Generation Assistant |url=https://www.aiva.ai/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=www.aiva.ai |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; exemplify how AI has expanded its creative capabilities across genres, challenging the boundaries of human artistry.

== Present Issues ==

=== Lack of Creativity ===
In 2023, an anonymous creator known as &quot;Ghostwriter&quot; released Heart on My Sleeve, featuring AI-generated vocals mimicking Drake and The Weeknd. The song went viral, drawing millions of streams before being removed for copyright infringement. Universal Music Group argued that the AI-generated track exploited the artists’ likenesses without consent, raising ethical and legal concerns&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Reed |first=Rachel |title=AI created a song mimicking the work of Drake and The Weeknd. What does that mean for copyright law? |url=https://hls.harvard.edu/today/ai-created-a-song-mimicking-the-work-of-drake-and-the-weeknd-what-does-that-mean-for-copyright-law/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Harvard Law School |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

This case highlights AI’s ability to imitate human creativity so convincingly that it blurs the line between originality and replication. Although the creator faced no legal repercussions, the controversy underscored the need for clearer regulations on AI-generated content.

* AI doesn’t create entirely new works; it amplifies patterns derived from training data. While it can replicate styles, it lacks the emotional depth and intentionality of human artistry.
* Tools like MuseNet and Suno allow anyone to compose music in minutes, potentially devaluing human creativity by making artistic production instantaneous and impersonal.


== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4448920</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5753" sha1="lk47m7w7dr8aom53jscp3ppm9jfkv3y" xml:space="preserve">== Overview ==

=== Introduction ===
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the music industry by redefining how music is composed, performed, and consumed. What began as theoretical musings by pioneers like Alan Turing has grown into a field with sophisticated neural networks capable of composing full-length songs. However, this evolution raises pressing questions about originality, ownership, and the future of human creativity. 

=== History ===

====== Theoretical Foundations: 1950s-1960s ======
The concept of AI-generated music originated with Alan Turing, who theorized in the 1950s that machines could emulate human cognitive processes, including music composition. His ideas laid the groundwork for computational creativity.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Copeland |first=B. Jack |title=Turing and the History of Computer Music |date=2017 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-53280-6_8 |work=Philosophical Explorations of the Legacy of Alan Turing: Turing 100 |pages=189–218 |editor-last=Floyd |editor-first=Juliet |access-date=2024-12-02 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-53280-6_8 |isbn=978-3-319-53280-6 |last2=Long |first2=Jason |editor2-last=Bokulich |editor2-first=Alisa}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1957, Lejaren Hiller and Leonard Isaacson at the University of Illinois created the Illiac Suite&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ILLIAC Suite – Illinois Distributed Museum |url=https://distributedmuseum.illinois.edu/exhibit/illiac-suite/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=distributedmuseum.illinois.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Using the ILLIAC I computer, they developed an algorithmic process to compose a string quartet, marking one of the first successful instances of computer-generated music. It demonstrated the potential of computers to collaborate in creative endeavors, sparking decades of research into AI's role in music.

====== Rule-Based Systems: 1970s-1980s ======
During the 1970s and 1980s, AI systems advanced with rule-based algorithms that mimicked specific musical styles. David Cope’s Experiments in Musical Intelligence&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=tluong |date=2015-04-29 |title=Algorithmic Music – David Cope and EMI |url=https://computerhistory.org/blog/algorithmic-music-david-cope-and-emi/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=CHM |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; (EMI) exemplified this approach by analyzing existing compositions and generating new ones in the style of Bach and Mozart. However, EMI heavily relied on predefined human rules, highlighting the imitative, rather than generative, nature of early AI.

A significant technological leap came in 1983 with the introduction of MIDI&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=MIDI |date=2024-11-25 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2024-12-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). MIDI standardized communication between computers and electronic instruments, enabling precise control of musical elements and facilitating data collection for future AI systems.

====== Machine Learning: 1990s-2000s ======
AI music systems transitioned from rule-based models to data-driven techniques in the 1990s. Machine learning algorithms enabled pattern recognition and predictive modeling, allowing AI to generate more complex and varied compositions. Projects like Accenture’s Symphonologie&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Accenture {{!}} Symphonologie |url=https://www.oneclub.org/awards/theoneshow/-award/25489/symphonologie/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=www.oneclub.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; showcased AI as a collaborative tool, blending human and machine creativity.

====== Neural Networks: 2010s-Present ======
The rise of deep learning revolutionized AI in music. Neural networks, trained on vast datasets, now compose intricate, multi-instrumental pieces in seconds. Tools like OpenAI’s MuseNet&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=MuseNet |url=https://openai.com/index/musenet/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=openai.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; and AIVA&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AIVA, the AI Music Generation Assistant |url=https://www.aiva.ai/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=www.aiva.ai |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; exemplify how AI has expanded its creative capabilities across genres, challenging the boundaries of human artistry.

== Present Issues ==

=== Lack of Creativity ===
In 2023, an anonymous creator known as &quot;Ghostwriter&quot; released Heart on My Sleeve, featuring AI-generated vocals mimicking Drake and The Weeknd. The song went viral, drawing millions of streams before being removed for copyright infringement. Universal Music Group argued that the AI-generated track exploited the artists’ likenesses without consent, raising ethical and legal concerns&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Reed |first=Rachel |title=AI created a song mimicking the work of Drake and The Weeknd. What does that mean for copyright law? |url=https://hls.harvard.edu/today/ai-created-a-song-mimicking-the-work-of-drake-and-the-weeknd-what-does-that-mean-for-copyright-law/ |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Harvard Law School |language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

This case highlights AI’s ability to imitate human creativity so convincingly that it blurs the line between originality and replication. Although the creator faced no legal repercussions, the controversy underscored the need for clearer regulations on AI-generated content.

* AI doesn’t create entirely new works; it amplifies patterns derived from training data. While it can replicate styles, it lacks the emotional depth and intentionality of human artistry.
* Tools like MuseNet and Suno allow anyone to compose music in minutes, potentially devaluing human creativity by making artistic production instantaneous and impersonal.


== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>lk47m7w7dr8aom53jscp3ppm9jfkv3y</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Themoldy1</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470778</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448923</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T02:03:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcomed new user with [[w:en:User:JJPMaster/OneClickWelcomer.js|OneClickWelcomer]]</comment>
      <origin>4448923</origin>
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==Welcome!==
Welcome, Themoldy1!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:03, 3 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dnpbwcl8tteehoxsw415or9ww4z1uhy</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Nurbol Lampert</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470779</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448924</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T02:03:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcomed new user with [[w:en:User:JJPMaster/OneClickWelcomer.js|OneClickWelcomer]]</comment>
      <origin>4448924</origin>
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==Welcome!==
Welcome, Nurbol Lampert!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:03, 3 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>opyvsx3rnqydmy9ken03nob7xbiuot4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Abelar</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470780</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448925</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T02:04:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcomed new user with [[w:en:User:JJPMaster/OneClickWelcomer.js|OneClickWelcomer]]</comment>
      <origin>4448925</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="933" sha1="m8wvqrafy9427g0xy5garbzpuw0v9if" xml:space="preserve">
==Welcome!==
Welcome, Abelar!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:04, 3 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>m8wvqrafy9427g0xy5garbzpuw0v9if</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 15/Solutions</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470781</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448929</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:10:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;===15.1=== ===15.1.1=== '''i.''' 5 '''ii.''' 3 '''iii.''' Undefined '''iv.''' Undefined&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4448929</origin>
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      <text bytes="87" sha1="mh0p767upyaeted88vl80bxkxhetyx8" xml:space="preserve">===15.1===
===15.1.1===
'''i.''' 5
'''ii.''' 3
'''iii.''' Undefined
'''iv.''' Undefined</text>
      <sha1>mh0p767upyaeted88vl80bxkxhetyx8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448930</id>
      <parentid>4448929</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:10:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 15.1.1 */</comment>
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      <text bytes="101" sha1="bxkehsy8p53dxdmdp4ya2pexemnrmzz" xml:space="preserve">===15.1===
====15.1.1====
'''i.''' 5&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' 3&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' Undefined&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' Undefined</text>
      <sha1>bxkehsy8p53dxdmdp4ya2pexemnrmzz</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>4448931</id>
      <parentid>4448930</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:11:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="152" sha1="nyc3atrbiezd7b1ot1x2z7ivmj9932u" xml:space="preserve">===15.1===
====15.1.1====
'''i.''' 5&lt;br&gt;
'''ii.''' 3&lt;br&gt;
'''iii.''' Undefined&lt;br&gt;
'''iv.''' Undefined
====15.1.2====
2
====15.1.3====
3
====15.1.4====
4</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Algebra/Chapter 15/Glossary</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>470782</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448932</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:22:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;*'''codomain''': *'''domain''': *'''image''': *'''sequence''': *'''series''':&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4448932</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="77" sha1="o2l2iiquyxltn2s6sakcwoehf10w5eb" xml:space="preserve">*'''codomain''':
*'''domain''':
*'''image''':
*'''sequence''':
*'''series''':</text>
      <sha1>o2l2iiquyxltn2s6sakcwoehf10w5eb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4448933</id>
      <parentid>4448932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:22:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GoreyCat</username>
        <id>3384416</id>
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      <text bytes="105" sha1="d1498qp9mfcmt4560t0ejqvhrnkrrxu" xml:space="preserve">*'''codomain''':
*'''domain''':
*'''generating function''':
*'''image''':
*'''sequence''':
*'''series''':</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>470783</id>
    <redirect title="Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Cream" />
    <revision>
      <id>4448936</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:26:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kittycataclysm moved page [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Topping]] to [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Cream]]: technically it's imitation cream not imitation topping—it is, in fact, a topping</comment>
      <origin>4448936</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="46" sha1="auofregh07t0tzj9eqbgygju29qn8tm" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Cookbook:Imitation Whipped Cream]]</text>
      <sha1>auofregh07t0tzj9eqbgygju29qn8tm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Imitation whipped cream recipes</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>470784</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448949</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T03:46:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>create cat</comment>
      <origin>4448949</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47" sha1="rirzps4a1iu19viqs4g29r9l02dtehf" xml:space="preserve">{{cooknav}}

[[Category:Recipes by ingredient]]</text>
      <sha1>rirzps4a1iu19viqs4g29r9l02dtehf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Sisyves</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470787</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448991</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:08:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcomed new user with [[w:en:User:JJPMaster/OneClickWelcomer.js|OneClickWelcomer]]</comment>
      <origin>4448991</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="934" sha1="8tlyc7ygjwpypgijhv4rm0tmvmrjjkk" xml:space="preserve">
==Welcome!==
Welcome, Sisyves!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 11:08, 3 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>8tlyc7ygjwpypgijhv4rm0tmvmrjjkk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:185.85.58.38</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>470788</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4448993</id>
      <timestamp>2024-12-03T11:09:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+warning</comment>
      <origin>4448993</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="627" sha1="3hvvwc5zn8t2fm5cvtxeu9nsfcfa9br" xml:space="preserve">{{tmbox|type=notice|text='''Please, can you [[Using Wikibooks|help]] improve [[WB:WIW|Wikibooks]]''' by [[Special:Contributions/185.85.58.38|doing future experiments]] with the [[Help:Contents|wiki software]] in the [{{fullurl:Wikibooks:Sandbox|action=edit}} sandbox] instead? Your fellow contributors consider test edits in the sandbox constructive. You can ask questions or ask for help in the [[WB:HELP|Assistance Reading Room]].&lt;br /&gt; Thanks. }} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 11:09, 3 December 2024 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>3hvvwc5zn8t2fm5cvtxeu9nsfcfa9br</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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